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README.md
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@@ -17,7 +17,24 @@ In this project, we introduce BGE-M3, which is distinguished for its versatility
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- Multi-Granularity: It is able to process inputs of different granularities, spanning from short sentences to long documents of up to 8192 tokens.
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## News:
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- 2024/3/8: **Thanks for the [experimental results](https://towardsdatascience.com/openai-vs-open-source-multilingual-embedding-models-e5ccb7c90f05) from @[Yannael](https://huggingface.co/Yannael). In this benchmark, BGE-M3 achieves top performance in both English and other languages, surpassing models such as OpenAI.**
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- 2024/3/2: Release unified fine-tuning [example](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/examples/unified_finetune) and [data](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Shitao/bge-m3-data)
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- 2024/2/6: We release the [MLDR](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Shitao/MLDR) (a long document retrieval dataset covering 13 languages) and [evaluation pipeline](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/C_MTEB/MLDR).
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- Sparse retrieval (lexical matching): a vector of size equal to the vocabulary, with the majority of positions set to zero, calculating a weight only for tokens present in the text. e.g., BM25, [unicoil](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.14807.pdf), and [splade](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.05720)
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- Multi-vector retrieval: use multiple vectors to represent a text, e.g., [ColBERT](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12832).
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**2. Comparison with BGE-v1.5 and other monolingual models**
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BGE-M3 is a multilingual model, and its ability in monolingual embedding retrieval may not surpass models specifically designed for single languages.
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However, we still recommend trying BGE-M3 because of its versatility (support for multiple languages and long texts).
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Moreover, it can simultaneously generate multiple representations, and using them together can enhance accuracy and generalization,
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unlike most existing models that can only perform dense retrieval.
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and users can choose a model that suits their specific needs based on practical considerations,
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such as whether to require multilingual or cross-language support, and whether to process long texts.
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**3. How to use BGE-M3 in other projects?**
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For embedding retrieval, you can employ the BGE-M3 model using the same approach as BGE.
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The only difference is that the BGE-M3 model no longer requires adding instructions to the queries.
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For sparse retrieval methods, most open-source libraries currently do not support direct utilization of the BGE-M3 model.
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Contributions from the community are welcome.
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). Thanks @jobergum.**
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**
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You can follow the common in this [example](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/examples/finetune)
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to fine-tune the dense embedding.
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If you want to fine-tune all embedding function of m3, you can refer to the [unified_fine-tuning example](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/examples/unified_finetune)
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**5. Some suggestions for retrieval pipeline in RAG**
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We recommend to use following pipeline: hybrid retrieval + re-ranking.
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- Hybrid retrieval leverages the strengths of various methods, offering higher accuracy and stronger generalization capabilities.
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A classic example: using both embedding retrieval and the BM25 algorithm.
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Now, you can try to use BGE-M3, which supports both embedding and sparse retrieval.
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This allows you to obtain token weights (similar to the BM25) without any additional cost when generate dense embeddings.
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- As cross-encoder models, re-ranker demonstrates higher accuracy than bi-encoder embedding model.
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Utilizing the re-ranking model (e.g., [bge-reranker](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/FlagEmbedding/reranker), [cohere-reranker](https://txt.cohere.com/rerank/)) after retrieval can further filter the selected text.
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We provide the evaluation script for [MKQA](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/C_MTEB/MKQA) and [MLDR](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/C_MTEB/MLDR)
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### Benchmarks from the open-source community
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![avatar](./imgs/others.webp)
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The BGE-M3 model emerged as the top performer on this benchmark (OAI is short for OpenAI).
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- MCLS: A simple method to improve the performance on long text without fine-tuning.
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If you have no enough resource to fine-tuning model with long text, the method is useful.
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Refer to our [report](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.03216.pdf) for more details.
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- Multi-Granularity: It is able to process inputs of different granularities, spanning from short sentences to long documents of up to 8192 tokens.
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**Some suggestions for retrieval pipeline in RAG**
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We recommend to use the following pipeline: hybrid retrieval + re-ranking.
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- Hybrid retrieval leverages the strengths of various methods, offering higher accuracy and stronger generalization capabilities.
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A classic example: using both embedding retrieval and the BM25 algorithm.
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Now, you can try to use BGE-M3, which supports both embedding and sparse retrieval.
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This allows you to obtain token weights (similar to the BM25) without any additional cost when generate dense embeddings.
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To use hybrid retrieval, you can refer to [Vespa](https://github.com/vespa-engine/pyvespa/blob/master/docs/sphinx/source/examples/mother-of-all-embedding-models-cloud.ipynb
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) and [Milvus](https://github.com/milvus-io/pymilvus/blob/master/examples/hello_hybrid_sparse_dense.py).
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- As cross-encoder models, re-ranker demonstrates higher accuracy than bi-encoder embedding model.
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Utilizing the re-ranking model (e.g., [bge-reranker](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/FlagEmbedding/reranker), [bge-reranker-v2](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/FlagEmbedding/llm_reranker)) after retrieval can further filter the selected text.
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## News:
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- 2024/3/20: **Thanks Milvus team!** Now you can use hybrid retrieval of bge-m3 in Milvus: [pymilvus/examples
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/hello_hybrid_sparse_dense.py](https://github.com/milvus-io/pymilvus/blob/master/examples/hello_hybrid_sparse_dense.py).
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- 2024/3/8: **Thanks for the [experimental results](https://towardsdatascience.com/openai-vs-open-source-multilingual-embedding-models-e5ccb7c90f05) from @[Yannael](https://huggingface.co/Yannael). In this benchmark, BGE-M3 achieves top performance in both English and other languages, surpassing models such as OpenAI.**
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- 2024/3/2: Release unified fine-tuning [example](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/examples/unified_finetune) and [data](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Shitao/bge-m3-data)
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- 2024/2/6: We release the [MLDR](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Shitao/MLDR) (a long document retrieval dataset covering 13 languages) and [evaluation pipeline](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/C_MTEB/MLDR).
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- Sparse retrieval (lexical matching): a vector of size equal to the vocabulary, with the majority of positions set to zero, calculating a weight only for tokens present in the text. e.g., BM25, [unicoil](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.14807.pdf), and [splade](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.05720)
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- Multi-vector retrieval: use multiple vectors to represent a text, e.g., [ColBERT](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12832).
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**2. How to use BGE-M3 in other projects?**
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For embedding retrieval, you can employ the BGE-M3 model using the same approach as BGE.
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The only difference is that the BGE-M3 model no longer requires adding instructions to the queries.
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For hybrid retrieval, you can use [Vespa](https://github.com/vespa-engine/pyvespa/blob/master/docs/sphinx/source/examples/mother-of-all-embedding-models-cloud.ipynb
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) and [Milvus](https://github.com/milvus-io/pymilvus/blob/master/examples/hello_hybrid_sparse_dense.py).
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**3. How to fine-tune bge-M3 model?**
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You can follow the common in this [example](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/examples/finetune)
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to fine-tune the dense embedding.
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If you want to fine-tune all embedding function of m3 (dense, sparse and colbert), you can refer to the [unified_fine-tuning example](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/examples/unified_finetune)
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We provide the evaluation script for [MKQA](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/C_MTEB/MKQA) and [MLDR](https://github.com/FlagOpen/FlagEmbedding/tree/master/C_MTEB/MLDR)
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### Benchmarks from the open-source community
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![avatar](./imgs/others.webp)
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The BGE-M3 model emerged as the top performer on this benchmark (OAI is short for OpenAI).
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- MCLS: A simple method to improve the performance on long text without fine-tuning.
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If you have no enough resource to fine-tuning model with long text, the method is useful.
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Refer to our [report](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2402.03216.pdf) for more details.
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