import numpy as np def compute_alpha_model(rnd_similarities): """ Computes alpha_model as per the formula: α_model = 1 - (1 / (n * |D|)) * sum(sim(RND-Pairs)) Args: rnd_similarities (array-like): A 2D array of shape (n, |D|) where each entry [i][j] is the similarity of the j-th random pair in the i-th sample. Returns: float: The computed alpha_model value. """ rnd_similarities = np.array(rnd_similarities) n, D_size = rnd_similarities.shape alpha_model = 1 - (1 / (n * D_size)) * rnd_similarities.sum() return alpha_model