README.md

---

license: apache-2.0
datasets:
- yuvalkirstain/pickapic_v1
language:
- en
pipeline_tag: text-to-image
---

# Step-aware Preference Optimization: Aligning Preference with Denoising Performance at Each Step

<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.04314"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Paper-arXiv-red?style=for-the-badge" height=22.5></a>
<a href="https://github.com/RockeyCoss/SPO"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Gihub-Code-succees?style=for-the-badge&logo=GitHub" height=22.5></a>
<a href="https://rockeycoss.github.io/spo.github.io/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Project-Page-blue?style=for-the-badge" height=22.5></a>

<table>
  <tr>
    <td><img src="assets/1.png" alt="teaser example 0" width="200"/></td>

    <td><img src="assets/2.png" alt="teaser example 1" width="200"/></td>

    <td><img src="assets/3.png" alt="teaser example 2" width="200"/></td>

    <td><img src="assets/4.png" alt="teaser example 3" width="200"/></td>

  </tr>

</table>


## Abstract
<p>
Recently, Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has extended its success from aligning large language models (LLMs) to aligning text-to-image diffusion models with human preferences.
Unlike most existing DPO methods that assume all diffusion steps share a consistent preference order with the final generated images, we argue that this assumption neglects step-specific denoising performance and that preference labels should be tailored to each step's contribution.
</p>
<p> 
To address this limitation, we propose Step-aware Preference Optimization (SPO), a novel post-training approach that independently evaluates and adjusts the denoising performance at each step, using a <em>step-aware preference model</em> and a <em>step-wise resampler</em> to ensure accurate step-aware supervision.
Specifically, at each denoising step, we sample a pool of images, find a suitable win-lose pair, and, most importantly, randomly select a single image from the pool to initialize the next denoising step. This step-wise resampler process ensures the next win-lose image pair comes from the same image, making the win-lose comparison independent of the previous step. To assess the preferences at each step, we train a separate step-aware preference model that can be applied to both noisy and clean images.
</p> 
<p>
Our experiments with Stable Diffusion v1.5 and SDXL demonstrate that SPO significantly outperforms the latest Diffusion-DPO in aligning generated images with complex, detailed prompts and enhancing aesthetics, while also achieving more than 20&times; times faster in training efficiency. Code and model: <a ref="https://rockeycoss.github.io/spo.github.io/">https://rockeycoss.github.io/spo.github.io/</a>
</p>

## Model Description

This model is fine-tuned from [runwayml/stable-diffusion-v1-5](https://huggingface.co/runwayml/stable-diffusion-v1-5). It has been trained on 4,000 prompts for 10 epochs.

This is a merged checkpoint that combines the LoRA checkpoint with the base model [runwayml/stable-diffusion-v1-5](https://huggingface.co/runwayml/stable-diffusion-v1-5). If you want to access the LoRA checkpoint, please visit [SPO-SD-v1-5_4k-p_10ep_LoRA](https://huggingface.co/SPO-Diffusion-Models/SPO-SD-v1-5_4k-p_10ep_LoRA). We also provide a LoRA checkpoint compatible with [stable-diffusion-webui](https://github.com/AUTOMATIC1111/stable-diffusion-webui), which can be accessed [here](https://civitai.com/models/526379/spo-sd-v1-54k-p10eplorawebui).


## A quick example
```python

from diffusers import StableDiffusionPipeline

import torch



# load pipeline

inference_dtype = torch.float16

pipe = StableDiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(

    "SPO-Diffusion-Models/SPO-SD-v1-5_4k-p_10ep", 

    torch_dtype=inference_dtype,

)

pipe.to('cuda')



generator=torch.Generator(device='cuda').manual_seed(42)

image = pipe(

    prompt='an image of a beautiful lake',

    generator=generator,

    guidance_scale=7.5,

    output_type='pil',

).images[0]

image.save('lake.png')

```

## Citation
If you find our work or codebase useful, please consider giving us a star and citing our work.
```

@article{liang2024step,

  title={Step-aware Preference Optimization: Aligning Preference with Denoising Performance at Each Step},

  author={Liang, Zhanhao and Yuan, Yuhui and Gu, Shuyang and Chen, Bohan and Hang, Tiankai and Li, Ji and Zheng, Liang},

  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.04314},

  year={2024}

}

```