diff --git "a/eval_predictions.json" "b/eval_predictions.json" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/eval_predictions.json" @@ -0,0 +1,10572 @@ +{ + "56be4db0acb8001400a502ec": "Denver Broncos", + "56be4db0acb8001400a502ed": "Carolina Panthers", + "56be4db0acb8001400a502ee": "the San Francisco Bay Area", + "56be4db0acb8001400a502ef": "Denver Broncos", + "56be4db0acb8001400a502f0": "Arabic numerals", + "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d1": "Arabic numerals", + "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d2": "February 7", + "56be8e613aeaaa14008c90d3": "American Football Conference", + "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91b9": "Arabic numerals", + "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91ba": "American Football Conference", + "56bea9923aeaaa14008c91bb": "February 7", + "56beace93aeaaa14008c91df": "Denver Broncos", + "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e0": "the San Francisco Bay Area", + "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e1": "San Francisco", + "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e2": "Super Bowl L", + "56beace93aeaaa14008c91e3": "2015", + "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fd": "2015", + "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94fe": "San Francisco", + "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c94ff": "the San Francisco Bay Area", + "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9500": "24\u201310", + "56bf10f43aeaaa14008c9501": "February", + "56d20362e7d4791d009025e8": "2015", + "56d20362e7d4791d009025e9": "Denver Broncos", + "56d20362e7d4791d009025ea": "Carolina Panthers", + "56d20362e7d4791d009025eb": "Denver Broncos", + "56d600e31c85041400946eae": "2015", + "56d600e31c85041400946eb0": "Denver Broncos", + "56d600e31c85041400946eb1": "the San Francisco Bay Area", + "56d9895ddc89441400fdb50e": "Super Bowl 50", + "56d9895ddc89441400fdb510": "Denver Broncos", + "56be4e1facb8001400a502f6": "Cam Newton", + "56be4e1facb8001400a502f9": "eight", + "56be4e1facb8001400a502fa": "1995", + "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c2": "the New England Patriots", + "56beaa4a3aeaaa14008c91c3": "the New England Patriots", + "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91e9": "the Arizona Cardinals", + "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ea": "the New England Patriots", + "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91eb": "the New England Patriots", + "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ec": "four teams that have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl.", + "56bead5a3aeaaa14008c91ed": "Cam Newton", + "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9507": "15\u20131 record", + "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9508": "Cam Newton", + "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c9509": "Cam Newton", + "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950a": "four teams that have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl.", + "56bf159b3aeaaa14008c950b": "the New England Patriots", + "56d2045de7d4791d009025f3": "Cam Newton", + "56d2045de7d4791d009025f4": "the Arizona Cardinals", + "56d2045de7d4791d009025f5": "one", + "56d2045de7d4791d009025f6": "the New England Patriots", + "56d6017d1c85041400946ebe": "Cam Newton", + "56d6017d1c85041400946ec1": "the New England Patriots", + "56d6017d1c85041400946ec2": "the Arizona Cardinals", + "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52a": "Cam Newton", + "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52b": "the Arizona Cardinals", + "56d98a59dc89441400fdb52e": "1995", + "56be4eafacb8001400a50302": "Von Miller", + "56be4eafacb8001400a50303": "two", + "56be4eafacb8001400a50304": "The Broncos", + "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d2": "Von Miller", + "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d3": "five", + "56beab833aeaaa14008c91d4": "Newton", + "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f4": "seven times", + "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f5": "Denver linebacker Von Miller", + "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f6": "three", + "56beae423aeaaa14008c91f7": "two", + "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9511": "Von Miller", + "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9513": "linebacker", + "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9514": "five", + "56bf17653aeaaa14008c9515": "two", + "56d204ade7d4791d00902603": "Von Miller", + "56d204ade7d4791d00902604": "five", + "56d601e41c85041400946ece": "seven times", + "56d601e41c85041400946ecf": "seven", + "56d601e41c85041400946ed0": "a fumble", + "56d601e41c85041400946ed1": "Von Miller", + "56d601e41c85041400946ed2": "linebacker", + "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53b": "seven times", + "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53c": "three", + "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53d": "Von Miller", + "56d98b33dc89441400fdb53e": "five solo tackles", + "56be5333acb8001400a5030a": "CBS", + "56be5333acb8001400a5030b": "5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game.", + "56be5333acb8001400a5030c": "Coldplay", + "56be5333acb8001400a5030d": "Coldplay", + "56be5333acb8001400a5030e": "Super Bowl 50", + "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fd": "CBS", + "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91fe": "5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game.", + "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c91ff": "Bruno Mars", + "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9200": "Bruno Mars", + "56beaf5e3aeaaa14008c9201": "Coldplay", + "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951b": "CBS", + "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951c": "5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game.", + "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951e": "Bruno Mars", + "56bf1ae93aeaaa14008c951f": "Coldplay with special guest performers Beyonc\u00e9", + "56d2051ce7d4791d00902608": "CBS", + "56d2051ce7d4791d00902609": "5 million", + "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260a": "Coldplay", + "56d2051ce7d4791d0090260b": "Bruno Mars", + "56d602631c85041400946ed8": "CBS", + "56d602631c85041400946eda": "Coldplay", + "56d602631c85041400946edb": "Coldplay", + "56d602631c85041400946edc": "Coldplay", + "56d98c53dc89441400fdb544": "5 million for a 30-second commercial during the game.", + "56d98c53dc89441400fdb545": "Coldplay", + "56d98c53dc89441400fdb546": "Coldplay", + "56d98c53dc89441400fdb548": "Bruno Mars", + "56be53b8acb8001400a50314": "Roger Goodell", + "56be53b8acb8001400a50315": "the 50th Super Bowl", + "56be53b8acb8001400a50316": "2012", + "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9207": "Roger Goodell", + "56beafca3aeaaa14008c9208": "Roger Goodell", + "56bf42f53aeaaa14008c95a3": "Roger Goodell", + "56d2053ae7d4791d00902610": "Roger Goodell", + "56d6edd00d65d21400198250": "Roger Goodell", + "56d6edd00d65d21400198251": "the 50th Super Bowl", + "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54e": "spectacular", + "56d98d0adc89441400fdb54f": "2012", + "56be5438acb8001400a5031a": "New Orleans", + "56be5438acb8001400a5031b": "Sun Life Stadium,", + "56be5438acb8001400a5031c": "San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium.", + "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920b": "Sun Life Stadium", + "56beb03c3aeaaa14008c920d": ".", + "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9580": "Sun Life Stadium,", + "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9581": ", and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium.", + "56bf3c633aeaaa14008c9582": "Sun Life Stadium", + "56d20564e7d4791d00902612": "three sites: New Orleans' Mercedes-Benz Superdome, Miami's Sun Life Stadium,", + "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198254": "three", + "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198255": "New Orleans", + "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198256": "Sun Life Stadium", + "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198257": "New Orleans", + "56d6ee6e0d65d21400198258": "Sun Life Stadium, and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium.", + "56d98db6dc89441400fdb552": "Sun Life Stadium", + "56d98db6dc89441400fdb553": ", and the San Francisco Bay Area's Levi's Stadium.", + "56d98db6dc89441400fdb554": ".", + "56be54bdacb8001400a50322": "Sun Life Stadium and Levi's Stadium. The South Florida/Miami area has previously hosted the event 10 times (tied for most with New Orleans)", + "56be54bdacb8001400a50323": "10 times", + "56be54bdacb8001400a50324": "Super Bowl XLI", + "56be54bdacb8001400a50325": "Super Bowl XLIV", + "56be54bdacb8001400a50326": "1985", + "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921b": "Sun Life Stadium", + "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921c": "two finalists", + "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921d": "South Florida", + "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921e": "May 3", + "56beb0f43aeaaa14008c921f": "2013", + "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9525": "10 times", + "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9526": "Super Bowl XLI", + "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9528": "two finalists", + "56bf21b43aeaaa14008c9529": "the Florida legislature", + "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198260": "1985", + "56d6ef6a0d65d21400198262": "South Florida/Miami area has previously hosted the event 10 times (tied for most with New Orleans)", + "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb558": "October 16", + "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb559": "10 times", + "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55a": "San Francisco Bay Area last hosted in 1985 (Super Bowl XIX)", + "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55b": "1985", + "56d98f0ddc89441400fdb55c": "the Florida legislature", + "56be5523acb8001400a5032c": "2013", + "56be5523acb8001400a5032d": "NFL owners", + "56be5523acb8001400a5032e": "2014", + "56be5523acb8001400a5032f": "NFL owners", + "56be5523acb8001400a50330": "San Diego", + "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9225": "Boston", + "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9226": "2013", + "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9227": "NFL owners", + "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9228": "Super Bowl XXXVII", + "56beb2153aeaaa14008c9229": "San Diego", + "56bf23363aeaaa14008c952f": "2014", + "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9530": "2014", + "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9531": "NFL owners", + "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9532": "2014", + "56bf23363aeaaa14008c9533": "Super Bowl XXXVII", + "56d6f0770d65d21400198268": "2013", + "56d6f0770d65d21400198269": "2014", + "56d6f0770d65d2140019826a": "Super Bowl XXXVII", + "56d6f0770d65d2140019826c": "Boston", + "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb562": "2013", + "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb563": "2014", + "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb564": "2 billion", + "56d98fbfdc89441400fdb565": "Super Bowl XXXVII", + "56be572b3aeaaa14008c9052": "John Fox", + "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c922f": "Carolina Panthers", + "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9230": "the Denver Broncos", + "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9231": "the Denver Broncos", + "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9232": "Super Bowl XLVIII", + "56beb2a03aeaaa14008c9233": "John Fox", + "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c9539": "eight appearances in the Super Bowl. The Broncos made their second Super Bowl appearance in three years, having reached Super Bowl XLVIII,", + "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953a": "Carolina Panthers", + "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953c": "Super Bowl XXXVIII", + "56bf28c73aeaaa14008c953d": "the Denver Broncos", + "56d6f1190d65d21400198272": "number one", + "56d6f1190d65d21400198273": "number one", + "56d6f1190d65d21400198274": "Super Bowl XLVIII", + "56d6f1190d65d21400198275": "Super Bowl XXXVIII", + "56d6f1190d65d21400198276": "the Denver Broncos", + "56d99179dc89441400fdb56c": "only one loss,", + "56d99179dc89441400fdb56d": "the Denver Broncos", + "56d99179dc89441400fdb570": "John Fox", + "56be59683aeaaa14008c9058": "DeAngelo Williams", + "56be59683aeaaa14008c9059": "Kelvin Benjamin", + "56be59683aeaaa14008c905a": "the Carolina Panthers", + "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923d": "2011", + "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923e": "the Carolina Panthers", + "56beb3083aeaaa14008c923f": "Ten players", + "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9240": "eight", + "56beb3083aeaaa14008c9241": "Kelvin Benjamin", + "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9543": "2011", + "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9544": "2009", + "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9545": "2011", + "56bf2afe3aeaaa14008c9547": "a torn ACL", + "56d6f2000d65d2140019827c": "Kelvin Benjamin", + "56d6f2000d65d2140019827d": "DeAngelo Williams", + "56d6f2000d65d2140019827e": "2011", + "56d6f2000d65d2140019827f": "Ten", + "56d9943fdc89441400fdb576": "the Carolina Panthers", + "56d9943fdc89441400fdb577": "1978", + "56d9943fdc89441400fdb578": "the Carolina Panthers", + "56d9943fdc89441400fdb57a": "Ten players", + "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9247": "Cam Newton", + "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9248": "45", + "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c9249": "10 interceptions", + "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924a": "277 yards.", + "56beb3a03aeaaa14008c924b": "Greg Olsen", + "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960b": "45", + "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960c": "99", + "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960d": "77", + "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960e": "wide receiver", + "56bf6b303aeaaa14008c960f": "Jonathan Stewart", + "56d6f2960d65d21400198286": "Cam Newton", + "56d6f2960d65d21400198287": "Cam Newton", + "56d6f2960d65d21400198288": "45 total touchdowns (35 passing, 10 rushing)", + "56d6f2960d65d21400198289": "45", + "56d6f2960d65d2140019828a": "six touchdowns", + "56d997cddc89441400fdb586": "500 points", + "56d997cddc89441400fdb587": "Greg Olsen", + "56d997cddc89441400fdb588": "45", + "56d997cddc89441400fdb589": "99", + "56d997cddc89441400fdb58a": "39", + "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925b": "308 points", + "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925c": "136", + "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925d": "118", + "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925e": "four passes of his own. Carolina's secondary featured Pro Bowl safety Kurt Coleman, who led the team with a career high seven interceptions,", + "56beb4343aeaaa14008c925f": "Kawann Short", + "56d6f3500d65d21400198290": "Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", + "56d6f3500d65d21400198291": "Kawann Short", + "56d6f3500d65d21400198292": "Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly. Davis compiled 5\u00bd", + "56d6f3500d65d21400198293": "Luke Kuechly", + "56d6f3500d65d21400198294": "Kurt Coleman", + "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59c": "Thomas Davis and Luke Kuechly", + "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59e": "Kawann Short", + "56d9992fdc89441400fdb59f": "Kawann Short", + "56d9992fdc89441400fdb5a0": "two of which were returned for touchdowns.", + "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9265": "Gary Kubiak", + "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9266": "Brock Osweiler", + "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9267": "the Indianapolis Colts", + "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9268": "Peyton Manning", + "56beb4e43aeaaa14008c9269": "Wade Phillips", + "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954d": "four years", + "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954e": "Gary Kubiak", + "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c954f": "the Denver Broncos", + "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9550": "39", + "56bf301c3aeaaa14008c9551": "a plantar fasciitis injury", + "56d6f4030d65d2140019829a": "Gary Kubiak", + "56d6f4030d65d2140019829b": "Peyton Manning", + "56d6f4030d65d2140019829c": "a plantar fasciitis injury", + "56d6f4030d65d2140019829d": "39", + "56d6f4030d65d2140019829e": "-season. Although the team had a 7\u2013", + "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c8": "Gary Kubiak", + "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5c9": "Peyton Manning", + "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5ca": "Gary Kubiak", + "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cb": ", league and franchise records. With the defense carrying the team despite the issues with the offense, the Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u2013", + "56d99b7bdc89441400fdb5cc": "Wade Phillips", + "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c9279": "Osweiler", + "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927a": "Osweiler", + "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927b": "Demaryius Thomas", + "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927c": "Ronnie Hillman", + "56beb57b3aeaaa14008c927d": "10", + "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956b": "Osweiler", + "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956c": "Osweiler", + "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956d": "six", + "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956e": "Demaryius Thomas", + "56bf38383aeaaa14008c956f": "receiver", + "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a4": "Osweiler", + "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a5": "17 interceptions. In contrast, Osweiler", + "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a6": "Demaryius Thomas", + "56d6fe0b0d65d214001982a7": "five", + "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d6": "Osweiler", + "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d7": "six", + "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d8": "Emmanuel Sanders", + "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5d9": "Ronnie Hillman", + "56d99c44dc89441400fdb5da": "720 yards", + "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928d": ") and Chris Harris, Jr. (two interceptions) were the other two Pro Bowl selections from the defense.", + "56beb6533aeaaa14008c928e": "5", + "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9290": "Brandon Marshall", + "56beb6533aeaaa14008c9291": "three interceptions", + "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9588": "Linebacker DeMarcus Ware", + "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c9589": "total tackles with 109, while Danny Trevathan ranked second with 102. Cornerbacks Aqib Talib (three interceptions)", + "56bf3e803aeaaa14008c958b": "Defensive ends Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson each had 5\u00bd sacks. Pro Bowl linebacker Von Miller led the team with 11 sacks, forced four fumbles,", + "56d6fea90d65d214001982ae": "296", + "56d6fea90d65d214001982af": "Von Miller", + "56d6fea90d65d214001982b0": "Von Miller", + "56d6fea90d65d214001982b2": "three interceptions", + "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5fd": "Von Miller", + "56d99da8dc89441400fdb5ff": "Brandon Marshall", + "56d99da8dc89441400fdb600": "Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson", + "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a1": "the Seattle Seahawks", + "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a2": "the Arizona Cardinals", + "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a3": "487 yards", + "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a4": "seven turnovers", + "56beb6f23aeaaa14008c92a5": "31\u201324", + "56bf34293aeaaa14008c9559": "the Arizona Cardinals", + "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955a": "31\u201324", + "56bf34293aeaaa14008c955b": "49\u201315", + "56d701280d65d214001982b8": "the Seattle Seahawks", + "56d701280d65d214001982ba": "the Arizona Cardinals", + "56d701280d65d214001982bc": "seven", + "56d99e78dc89441400fdb616": "the Seattle Seahawks", + "56d99e78dc89441400fdb618": "49\u201315", + "56d99e78dc89441400fdb619": "the Arizona Cardinals", + "56d99e78dc89441400fdb61a": "487 yards", + "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ab": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", + "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ac": "11 points", + "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ad": "The Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u2013", + "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92ae": "11 points", + "56beb7953aeaaa14008c92af": "17 seconds", + "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9561": ", by intercepting a pass on New England's 2-point conversion attempt with 17 seconds left on the clock.", + "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9562": "11 points", + "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9563": "The Broncos defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round, 23\u2013", + "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9564": "17 seconds", + "56bf36b93aeaaa14008c9565": "Manning", + "56d7018a0d65d214001982c2": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", + "56d7018a0d65d214001982c3": "11 points", + "56d7018a0d65d214001982c5": "New England Patriots", + "56d99f99dc89441400fdb628": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", + "56d99f99dc89441400fdb629": "New England Patriots", + "56d99f99dc89441400fdb62c": "17 seconds", + "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b5": "Thomas Davis", + "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b6": "a broken arm", + "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b7": "three", + "56beb7fd3aeaaa14008c92b8": "11", + "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9575": "a broken arm", + "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9576": "a broken arm", + "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9577": "11", + "56bf3a223aeaaa14008c9579": "the Super Bowl", + "56d703d10d65d214001982d6": "three", + "56d703d10d65d214001982d7": "a broken arm", + "56d703d10d65d214001982d8": "11", + "56d9a026dc89441400fdb632": "Thomas Davis", + "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bd": "age 39", + "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92be": "John Elway", + "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92bf": "age 38", + "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c0": "Executive Vice President of Football Operations and General Manager", + "56beb86b3aeaaa14008c92c1": "Peyton Manning", + "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9591": "the Broncos", + "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9592": "John Elway", + "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9593": "age 38", + "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9594": "Peyton Manning", + "56bf3fd53aeaaa14008c9595": "two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39.", + "56d704430d65d214001982de": "two different teams to multiple Super Bowls. He is also the oldest quarterback ever to play in a Super Bowl at age 39.", + "56d704430d65d214001982e0": "Peyton Manning", + "56d704430d65d214001982e1": "John Elway", + "56d704430d65d214001982e2": "Super Bowl XXXIII", + "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63e": "Peyton Manning", + "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb63f": "age 39", + "56d9a0eadc89441400fdb640": "John Elway", + "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c7": "1998", + "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c8": "2011", + "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92c9": "26", + "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92ca": "13 years and 48 days", + "56beb90c3aeaaa14008c92cb": "Manning and Newton", + "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959b": "Manning", + "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959c": "Manning and Newton", + "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959d": "26", + "56bf41013aeaaa14008c959e": "quarterback", + "56d7096b0d65d214001982fc": "the 1998 NFL draft", + "56d7096b0d65d214001982fd": "the 2011 draft", + "56d7096b0d65d214001982fe": "Manning and Newton", + "56d9a199dc89441400fdb647": "2011", + "56d9a199dc89441400fdb648": "13 years and 48 days (Manning was 39, Newton was 26", + "56d9a199dc89441400fdb649": "13 years and 48 days", + "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92db": "Kubiak", + "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dc": "the Chicago Bears", + "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92dd": "linebacker", + "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92de": "Rivera", + "56beb97c3aeaaa14008c92df": "the Broncos", + "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9615": "linebacker", + "56bf6c3e3aeaaa14008c9617": "Elway", + "56d709ef0d65d21400198306": "Rivera", + "56d709ef0d65d21400198307": "Super Bowl XX", + "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e5": "Justin Tucker", + "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e6": "Bermuda 419 turf", + "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e7": "Ed Mangan", + "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e8": "Baltimore Ravens", + "56beba103aeaaa14008c92e9": "kicker", + "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a5": "Justin Tucker", + "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a6": "kicker", + "56bf467d3aeaaa14008c95a7": "Bermuda 419 turf", + "56d70adc0d65d21400198311": "Justin Tucker", + "56d70adc0d65d21400198312": "various issues", + "56d70adc0d65d21400198313": "Bermuda 419 turf", + "56d70adc0d65d21400198314": "their cleats", + "56d9a419dc89441400fdb678": "Justin Tucker", + "56d9a419dc89441400fdb679": "natural grass stadiums, the NFL re-sodded the field with a new playing surface; a hybrid Bermuda 419 turf", + "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92f9": "the Broncos", + "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fa": "34\u201319", + "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fb": "the Broncos", + "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fc": "white jerseys and pants", + "56bebad93aeaaa14008c92fd": "Super Bowl XXXIII", + "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ab": "Super Bowl XXXIII", + "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ac": "34\u201319", + "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95ae": "the Atlanta Falcons", + "56bf48cc3aeaaa14008c95af": "white jerseys and pants in the Super Bowl in Super Bowl XXXIII, Elway's last game as Denver QB,", + "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831d": "white jerseys", + "56d70ccc0d65d2140019831f": "the Pittsburgh Steelers", + "56d9a637dc89441400fdb697": "Super Bowl XXXIII", + "56d9a637dc89441400fdb698": "blue", + "56d9a637dc89441400fdb699": "orange jerseys, losing in Super Bowl XII, XXII, XXIV,", + "56d9a637dc89441400fdb69a": "black", + "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9303": "San Jose State", + "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9304": "Stanford University", + "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9305": "the San Jose Marriott", + "56bebb293aeaaa14008c9306": "the Santa Clara Marriott", + "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b5": "the San Jose Marriott", + "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b6": "the San Jose Marriott", + "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b7": "the San Jose Marriott", + "56bf49993aeaaa14008c95b8": "Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", + "56d70d240d65d21400198326": "the San Jose Marriott", + "56d70d240d65d21400198327": "the San Jose Marriott", + "56d70d240d65d21400198328": "Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", + "56d70d240d65d21400198329": "the Santa Clara Marriott", + "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a0": "the San Jose Marriott", + "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a1": "the San Jose Marriott", + "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a2": "Stanford University and stayed at the Santa Clara Marriott", + "56d9a6b4dc89441400fdb6a3": "the Santa Clara Marriott", + "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9315": "June 4, 2014", + "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9316": "Super Bowl V", + "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9317": "Jaime Weston", + "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9318": "Super Bowl XLV", + "56bebbbf3aeaaa14008c9319": "Vince Lombardi Trophy", + "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95bd": "2014", + "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95be": "Super Bowl LI", + "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c0": "Arabic numerals", + "56bf4e1b3aeaaa14008c95c1": "gold", + "56d70daa0d65d21400198332": "Super Bowl V", + "56d70daa0d65d21400198333": "Arabic numerals", + "56d70daa0d65d21400198334": "Super Bowl L.", + "56d70daa0d65d21400198335": "Arabic numerals", + "56d70daa0d65d21400198336": "Super Bowl LI", + "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6a8": "Roman numerals, a practice established at Super Bowl V, would be temporarily suspended, and that the game would be named using Arabic numerals", + "56d9a7addc89441400fdb6ab": "Arabic numerals as Super Bowl 50 as opposed to Super Bowl L.", + "56bebc383aeaaa14008c931f": "Gold", + "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9320": "week 7", + "56bebc383aeaaa14008c9321": "the 50", + "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c7": "Gold", + "56bf52483aeaaa14008c95c8": "Gold", + "56d70e570d65d2140019833c": "Golden Super Bowl", + "56d70e570d65d2140019833e": "Gold footballs", + "56d70e570d65d2140019833f": "the 50", + "56d9b01fdc89441400fdb6d4": "Gold", + "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9325": "the Moscone Center in San Francisco", + "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9326": "San Francisco", + "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9327": "Ed Lee", + "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9328": "Jane Kim", + "56bebcbe3aeaaa14008c9329": "January 30", + "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cb": "1 million people", + "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cc": "Ed Lee", + "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95cd": "the Moscone Center", + "56bf53e73aeaaa14008c95ce": "Super Bowl City", + "56d7145c0d65d2140019834c": "the Moscone Center in San Francisco", + "56d7145c0d65d2140019834d": "Super Bowl City", + "56d7145c0d65d2140019834f": "Ed Lee", + "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ec": "Super Bowl Week", + "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ed": "1 million people", + "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ee": "San Francisco mayor Ed Lee", + "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6ef": "5 million", + "56d9b389dc89441400fdb6f0": "Super Bowl Week", + "56bebd713aeaaa14008c932f": "Santa Clara University", + "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9330": "the city council to help fund the event. Additional funding will be provided by the city council", + "56bebd713aeaaa14008c9331": "a week", + "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d3": "the city council to help fund the event. Additional funding will be provided by the city council", + "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d4": "a pep rally", + "56bf555e3aeaaa14008c95d5": "the city council to help fund the event. Additional funding will be provided by the city council", + "56d714cd0d65d21400198356": "Bellomy Field at Santa Clara University", + "56d714cd0d65d21400198358": "A professional fundraiser", + "56d714cd0d65d21400198359": "the city council to help fund the event. Additional funding will be provided by the city council", + "56d9b43edc89441400fdb700": "seed funding for the event.", + "56d9b43edc89441400fdb701": "the city council", + "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9335": "February 1", + "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9336": "February 1", + "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9337": "SAP Center in San Jose", + "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9338": "San Jose", + "56bebde53aeaaa14008c9339": "the Golden Gate Bridge", + "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95d9": "Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95da": "Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95db": "Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dc": "SAP Center", + "56bf57043aeaaa14008c95dd": "San Jose", + "56d71bd80d65d2140019835e": "the Tuesday afternoon prior to the game, was moved to the Monday evening and re-branded as Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56d71bd80d65d21400198360": "Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56d71bd80d65d21400198361": "Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56d71bd80d65d21400198362": "the Golden Gate Bridge", + "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb708": "Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb709": "Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70a": "Super Bowl Opening Night", + "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70b": "the Golden Gate Bridge", + "56d9b4ebdc89441400fdb70c": "February 1", + "56bebe873aeaaa14008c933f": "Business Connect", + "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9340": "40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron,", + "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9341": "Dignity Health", + "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9342": "Chevron", + "56bebe873aeaaa14008c9343": "Chevron", + "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e3": "Business Connect", + "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e4": "40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health.", + "56bf59523aeaaa14008c95e5": "Business Connect", + "56d71cb60d65d21400198368": "Business Connect", + "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb720": "Business Connect", + "56d9b5ffdc89441400fdb721": "40 million through sponsors including Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health.", + "56bebec43aeaaa14008c9349": "25 percent", + "56bebec43aeaaa14008c934a": "the 50 fund", + "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95e9": "25 percent of all money it raises for philanthropic causes in the Bay Area. The committee created the 50 fund", + "56bf5abc3aeaaa14008c95ea": "the 50 fund", + "56d71d150d65d2140019836e": "giving Super Bowl", + "56d71d150d65d2140019836f": "25 percent", + "56d71d150d65d21400198370": "the 50 fund", + "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb72f": "25 percent", + "56d9b6a3dc89441400fdb730": "the 50 fund", + "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934d": "Vince Lombardi", + "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934e": "18", + "56bec0353aeaaa14008c934f": "66 lb (30 kg). Like the Lombardi Trophy, the \"50\" will be designed by Tiffany & Co.", + "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9350": "Tiffany", + "56bec0353aeaaa14008c9351": "Tiffany", + "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ed": "the Vince Lombardi Trophy", + "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95ef": "gold", + "56bf5b933aeaaa14008c95f1": "Vince Lombardi", + "56d71d9d0d65d21400198374": "the Vince Lombardi Trophy", + "56d71d9d0d65d21400198377": "Tiffany", + "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9357": "CBS", + "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9358": "Phil Simms", + "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c9359": "Tracy Wolfson", + "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935a": "36", + "56bec0dd3aeaaa14008c935b": "5K resolution", + "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f7": "the three main broadcast television partners of the NFL. The network's lead broadcast team of Jim Nantz and Phil Simms called the contest,", + "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f8": "the sidelines", + "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95f9": "EyeVision 360", + "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fa": "5K resolution", + "56bf5e7b3aeaaa14008c95fb": "the sidelines", + "56d71ed50d65d2140019837c": "CBS", + "56d71ed50d65d2140019837d": "three", + "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb740": "CBS", + "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb741": "Jim Nantz and Phil Simms", + "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb742": "Jim Nantz and Phil Simms called the contest, with Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn", + "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb743": "5K resolution", + "56d9b7dcdc89441400fdb744": "pylon cameras and microphones", + "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9361": "ESPN Deportes", + "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9362": "John Sutcliffe", + "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9363": "Alvaro Martin", + "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9364": "December 28", + "56bec1823aeaaa14008c9365": "Spanish", + "56bf6d343aeaaa14008c961b": "ESPN Deportes", + "56d71fc00d65d21400198386": "ESPN Deportes", + "56d71fc00d65d21400198389": "John Sutcliffe", + "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb754": "ESPN Deportes", + "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb757": "Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre", + "56d9ba95dc89441400fdb758": "Alvaro Martin and Raul Allegre, and sideline reporter John Sutcliffe", + "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9371": "the NFL Mobile service", + "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9372": "digital media players (such as Chromecast and Roku).", + "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9373": "CBSSports", + "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9374": "Windows 10, Xbox One", + "56bec2013aeaaa14008c9375": "Windows 10", + "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c961f": "CBSSports", + "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9620": "CBS Sports apps on tablets, Windows 10, Xbox One and other digital media players (such as Chromecast and Roku)", + "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9621": "Verizon Wireless customers", + "56bf6e7a3aeaaa14008c9622": "the NFL Mobile", + "56d7205e0d65d21400198391": "Verizon Communications", + "56d7205e0d65d21400198392": "NFL Mobile service", + "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75e": "digital streams of the game via CBSSports.com,", + "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb75f": "Verizon Communications", + "56d9bc13dc89441400fdb760": "WatchESPN", + "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937b": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", + "56bec2573aeaaa14008c937c": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", + "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9631": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", + "56bf6f743aeaaa14008c9632": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", + "56d720c70d65d21400198396": "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", + "56d720c70d65d21400198397": "Super Bowl 50", + "56d720c70d65d21400198398": "special episodes of its late night talk shows", + "56bec3153aeaaa14008c9389": "a steep discount", + "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938a": "the beer manufacturer to air multiple advertisements during the game at a steep discount.", + "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938b": "Doritos", + "56bec3153aeaaa14008c938c": "the 20th anniversary", + "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9635": "a steep discount", + "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9637": "the beer manufacturer to air multiple advertisements during the game at a steep discount.", + "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9638": "Doritos", + "56bf717d3aeaaa14008c9639": "Nintendo and The Pok\u00e9mon Company", + "56d721af0d65d2140019839e": "The Pok\u00e9mon Company", + "56d721af0d65d2140019839f": "the beer manufacturer to air multiple advertisements during the game at a steep discount.", + "56d721af0d65d214001983a0": "Doritos", + "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb768": "Doritos ads for a chance to have it aired during the game. Nintendo and The Pok\u00e9mon", + "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb769": "Doritos", + "56d9bdc1dc89441400fdb76a": "Crash the Super Bowl", + "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9397": "Death Wish Coffee", + "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9398": "Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee", + "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c9399": "30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", + "56bec38b3aeaaa14008c939a": "nine other contenders from across the United States for the free advertisement.", + "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c963f": "Death Wish Coffee", + "56bf71e73aeaaa14008c9640": "nine other contenders", + "56d722330d65d214001983a6": "QuickBooks", + "56d722330d65d214001983a7": "Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", + "56d722330d65d214001983a8": "Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks", + "56d9be16dc89441400fdb770": "Death Wish Coffee", + "56d9be16dc89441400fdb771": "Death Wish Coffee had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks. Death Wish Coffee", + "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93a9": "Jason Bourne", + "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93aa": "Deadpool", + "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ab": "Out of the Shadows and 10 Cloverfield Lane, Universal paid for The Secret Life of Pets and the debut trailer for Jason Bourne", + "56bec4343aeaaa14008c93ac": "Eddie the Eagle", + "56d723560d65d214001983ac": "Deadpool, X-Men: Apocalypse, Independence Day: Resu", + "56d723560d65d214001983ad": "Out of the Shadows and 10 Cloverfield Lane, Universal paid for The Secret Life of Pets and the debut trailer for Jason Bourne", + "56d723560d65d214001983ae": "Jason Bourne", + "56d723560d65d214001983af": "Super Bowl", + "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77b": "Deadpool", + "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77c": "20th Century Fox", + "56d9bf70dc89441400fdb77d": "20th Century Fox", + "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b1": "Westwood One", + "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b2": "Kevin Harlan", + "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b3": "Jim Gray", + "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b4": "Boomer Esiason", + "56bec4a33aeaaa14008c93b5": "James Lofton", + "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9655": "Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts", + "56bf738b3aeaaa14008c9656": "Kevin Harlan", + "56d723ad0d65d214001983b4": "Westwood One", + "56d723ad0d65d214001983b5": "Kevin Harlan", + "56d723ad0d65d214001983b8": "Jim Gray", + "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78e": "Kevin Harlan", + "56d9c049dc89441400fdb78f": "Boomer Esiason and Dan Fouts", + "56d9c049dc89441400fdb790": "James Lofton and Mark Malone", + "56d9c049dc89441400fdb791": "halftime coverage.", + "56d9c049dc89441400fdb792": "North America", + "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93cf": "KRFX", + "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d0": "Dave Logan", + "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d1": "1110 AM", + "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d2": "Chester", + "56bec5233aeaaa14008c93d3": "Mick Mixon", + "56d724620d65d214001983be": "Dave Logan", + "56d724620d65d214001983bf": "Ed McCaffrey", + "56d724620d65d214001983c0": "KOA and WBT", + "56d724620d65d214001983c1": "Mick Mixon", + "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a0": "KOA and WBT", + "56d9c203dc89441400fdb7a3": "KOA and WBT", + "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e3": "BBC Radio 5 Live", + "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e4": "BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Live Sports Extra", + "56bec5ff3aeaaa14008c93e5": "Darren Fletcher", + "56d724ea0d65d214001983c8": "BBC Radio 5 Live and 5 Live Sports Extra will carry the contest. The BBC", + "56d724ea0d65d214001983c9": "Greg Brady", + "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93e9": "Bart Starr", + "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ea": "Chuck Howley", + "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93eb": "Peyton Manning", + "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ec": "2001", + "56bec6573aeaaa14008c93ed": "Peyton Manning", + "56d7251d0d65d214001983cc": "Bart Starr", + "56d7251d0d65d214001983cd": "Peyton Manning", + "56d7251d0d65d214001983cf": "Harvey Martin", + "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b4": "39 of the 43", + "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b5": "39 of the 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players", + "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b6": "Bart Starr", + "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b7": "Peyton Manning", + "56d9c3a6dc89441400fdb7b8": "Harvey Martin", + "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fd": "Six", + "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93fe": "the national anthem", + "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c93ff": "Academy Award", + "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9400": "the national anthem", + "56bec6ac3aeaaa14008c9401": "American Sign Language", + "56d20650e7d4791d00902614": "Lady Gaga", + "56d20650e7d4791d00902615": "Marlee Matlin", + "56d7253b0d65d214001983d4": "Lady Gaga", + "56d7253b0d65d214001983d5": "Marlee Matlin", + "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c4": "Lady Gaga", + "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c5": "Six", + "56d9c455dc89441400fdb7c6": "Marlee Matlin", + "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940d": "December 3", + "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940e": "British", + "56bec7353aeaaa14008c940f": "Super Bowl XLVII halftime show and collaborated with Coldplay on the single \"Hymn for the Weekend\"", + "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9410": "Hymn for the Weekend", + "56bec7353aeaaa14008c9411": "Super Bowl XLVIII", + "56d725790d65d214001983d8": "Pepsi", + "56d725790d65d214001983da": "Pepsi", + "56d725790d65d214001983db": "Hymn for the Weekend", + "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d0": "the British rock group Coldplay", + "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d1": "Pepsi", + "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d2": "Hymn for the Weekend", + "56d9c551dc89441400fdb7d3": "Bruno Mars", + "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9417": "the Panthers 14-yard line, but Carolina's defense dug in over the next three plays.", + "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9418": "Andre Caldwell", + "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c9419": "Ronnie Hillman", + "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941a": "Brandon McManus", + "56bec7a63aeaaa14008c941b": "Ronnie Hillman", + "56d728a10d65d21400198413": "20 yards", + "56d728a10d65d21400198414": "linebacker Shaq Thompson", + "56d728a10d65d21400198415": "Brandon McManus", + "56d728a10d65d21400198416": "a deficit", + "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d8": "the Panthers 14-yard line,", + "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7d9": "Owen Daniels", + "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7da": "Ronnie Hillman", + "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7db": "Peyton Manning", + "56d9c5e7dc89441400fdb7dc": "defense", + "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942b": "Mike Carey", + "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942c": "Cam Newton", + "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942d": "linebacker Von Miller", + "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942e": "Malik Jackson", + "56bec8243aeaaa14008c942f": "Super Bowl XXVIII", + "56d728e00d65d2140019841c": "referee Mike Carey", + "56d728e00d65d2140019841d": "Mike Carey", + "56d728e00d65d2140019841e": "Von Miller", + "56d728e00d65d2140019841f": "Malik Jackson", + "56d728e00d65d21400198420": "Super Bowl XXVIII", + "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e7": "Mike Carey", + "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e8": "linebacker Von Miller", + "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7e9": "Malik Jackson", + "56d9c660dc89441400fdb7ea": "Super Bowl XXVIII", + "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9435": "Jonathan Stewart", + "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9436": "Brad Nortman", + "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9437": "25 yards, while Jonathan Stewart finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run, cutting the score to 10\u20137 with 11:28", + "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9438": "61", + "56bec8a13aeaaa14008c9439": "33", + "56d729180d65d21400198426": "51 yards", + "56d729180d65d21400198427": "Jonathan Stewart", + "56d729180d65d21400198428": "11", + "56d729180d65d21400198429": "Jordan Norwood", + "56d729180d65d2140019842a": "McManus", + "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f0": "Jonathan Stewart", + "56d9c6e0dc89441400fdb7f4": "Jordan Norwood", + "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9445": "safety Darian Stewart", + "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9446": "linebacker", + "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9447": "defensive end Kony Ealy", + "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9448": "Newton", + "56bec9133aeaaa14008c9449": "DeMarcus Ware", + "56d729ec0d65d21400198430": "fullback Mike Tolbert", + "56d729ec0d65d21400198431": "Kony Ealy", + "56d729ec0d65d21400198432": "Kony Ealy", + "56d729ec0d65d21400198434": "DeMarcus Ware", + "56d9c79edc89441400fdb804": "Mike Tolbert", + "56d9c79edc89441400fdb805": "linebacker Danny Trevathan", + "56d9c79edc89441400fdb806": "defensive end Kony Ealy", + "56d9c79edc89441400fdb807": "Kony Ealy", + "56d9c79edc89441400fdb808": "DeMarcus Ware", + "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9455": "Ted Ginn Jr", + "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9456": "Graham Gano", + "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9457": "44", + "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9458": "Graham Gano", + "56bec98e3aeaaa14008c9459": "Trevathan", + "56d7282f0d65d21400198408": "Ted Ginn Jr", + "56d7282f0d65d21400198409": "the uprights", + "56d7282f0d65d2140019840a": "Trevathan", + "56d7282f0d65d2140019840c": "Trevathan", + "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80e": "Ted Ginn Jr", + "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb80f": "the 26", + "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb810": "Graham Gano", + "56d9c92bdc89441400fdb811": "Emmanuel Sanders", + "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c945f": "Ealy", + "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9460": "39", + "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9461": "Devin Funchess", + "56bec9e83aeaaa14008c9462": "Stewart", + "56d7261e0d65d214001983e0": "the 50", + "56d7261e0d65d214001983e1": "Ealy", + "56d7261e0d65d214001983e2": "Ealy", + "56d7261e0d65d214001983e4": "punts", + "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb820": "Ealy", + "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb821": "the 50", + "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb822": "39", + "56d9ca0adc89441400fdb823": "one", + "56beca913aeaaa14008c946d": "their own 24", + "56beca913aeaaa14008c946e": "Miller", + "56beca913aeaaa14008c946f": "Josh Norman", + "56beca913aeaaa14008c9470": "Miller", + "56beca913aeaaa14008c9471": "Bennie Fowler", + "56d726b60d65d214001983ea": "Miller", + "56d726b60d65d214001983eb": "Ward", + "56d726b60d65d214001983ec": "Newton", + "56d726b60d65d214001983ed": "Josh Norman", + "56d726b60d65d214001983ee": "3:08 left and essentially putting the game away. Carolina had two more drives,", + "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb832": ". Although several players dove into the pile to attempt to recover it, Newton did not and his lack of aggression later earned him heavy criticism.", + "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb833": "Ward", + "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb834": "Ward", + "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb835": "three plays", + "56d9cb47dc89441400fdb836": "Bennie Fowler", + "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9481": "five", + "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9482": "one interception and zero", + "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9483": "four", + "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9484": "Thomas Davis", + "56becaf93aeaaa14008c9485": "265 yards, with one interception.", + "56d7270c0d65d214001983f4": "two", + "56d7270c0d65d214001983f5": "one interception and zero", + "56d7270c0d65d214001983f6": "Anderson", + "56d7270c0d65d214001983f7": "Manning finished the game 13 of 23 for 141 yards with one interception and zero touchdowns. Sanders", + "56d7270c0d65d214001983f8": "Thomas Davis", + "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb842": "Sanders", + "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb843": "Anderson", + "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb844": "all 11 attempts", + "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb845": "three sacks, a forced fumble, a fumble recovery, and an interception. Defensive End Charles Johnson had four total tackles, a sack,", + "56d9ccacdc89441400fdb846": "four total tackles, a sack,", + "56becb823aeaaa14008c948b": "194 yards", + "56becb823aeaaa14008c948c": "21 to 11", + "56becb823aeaaa14008c948d": "the Baltimore Ravens", + "56becb823aeaaa14008c948e": "Jordan Norwood", + "56becb823aeaaa14008c948f": "Manning and Newton", + "56d7277c0d65d214001983fe": "194 yards", + "56d7277c0d65d214001983ff": "21 to 11", + "56d7277c0d65d21400198401": "Kony Ealy", + "56d7277c0d65d21400198402": "the Chicago Bears", + "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84c": "21 to 11", + "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84d": "21 to 11", + "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84e": "Manning and Newton had quarterback passer ratings of 56.6 and 55.4, respectively,", + "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb84f": "Kony Ealy", + "56d9cd9adc89441400fdb850": "two different teams", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f45": "the Nobel Prize", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f48": "1745", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f44": "Casimir Pulaski", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f46": "the village of \u017belazowa Wola", + "5733a5f54776f41900660f47": "seven months old", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3d": "over 100 different species of trees", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3f": "The Monument of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3c": "The Saxon Garden", + "57336755d058e614000b5a3e": "a terrace facing the pond. The park around the Kr\u00f3", + "57336755d058e614000b5a40": "The \u0141azienki Park", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbb": "15 kilometres (9 miles)", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbc": "plants and sediments.", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bba": "several lakes in Warsaw \u2013 mainly the oxbow lakes, like Czerniak\u00f3w", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbd": "several lakes in Warsaw \u2013", + "57337ddc4776f41900660bbe": "plants and sediments", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd0": "ethnic diversity", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd3": "833", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd2": "about 30 percent", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd1": "Jews", + "57337ea24776f41900660bd4": "internal migration and urbanisation", + "57339555d058e614000b5df4": "Warsaw University of Technology", + "57339555d058e614000b5df5": "2,000 professors.", + "57339555d058e614000b5df6": "the Medical University of Warsaw", + "57339555d058e614000b5df3": "1816", + "57339555d058e614000b5df7": "the Fryderyk Chopin University of Music", + "57339902d058e614000b5e70": "1816", + "57339902d058e614000b5e71": "over two million items", + "57339902d058e614000b5e72": "architects", + "57339902d058e614000b5e73": "Irena Bajerska", + "57339902d058e614000b5e74": "Irena Bajerska", + "573399b54776f41900660e64": "infrastructure", + "573399b54776f41900660e65": "infrastructure", + "573399b54776f41900660e66": "economic growth", + "573399b54776f41900660e67": "improved", + "57339a554776f41900660e74": "Warsaw", + "57339a554776f41900660e75": "CMHI", + "57339a554776f41900660e76": "Curie Institute of Oncology", + "57339a554776f41900660e77": "700", + "57339a554776f41900660e78": "research and education center. While the Maria Sk\u0142", + "57339ad74776f41900660e86": "the Polish National Opera, the Chamber Opera, the National Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre,", + "57339ad74776f41900660e87": "events and festivals", + "57339ad74776f41900660e88": "the Palace of Culture and Science", + "57339ad74776f41900660e89": "the National Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre,", + "57339ad74776f41900660e8a": "many events and festivals", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec5": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec6": "Ogr\u00f3d Saski", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec7": "1870 to 1939", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec8": "Momus", + "57339c16d058e614000b5ec9": "Wojciech Bogus\u0142awski Theatre", + "57339dd94776f41900660ecc": "Wianki", + "57339dd94776f41900660ecd": "thousands of people on the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer\u2019", + "57339dd94776f41900660ece": "Midsummer", + "57339dd94776f41900660ecf": "when they would be married", + "57339dd94776f41900660ed0": "the fern flower", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef6": "art posters", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef7": "60 museums", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef8": "60 museums", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5ef9": "one of the best collections of paintings", + "57339eb9d058e614000b5efa": "arms", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0a": "the Warsaw Uprising Museum", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0b": "the Katy\u0144 Museum", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0c": "stereoscopic theatre", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0d": "The Museum of Independence", + "5733a1854776f41900660f0e": "60 rooms", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f28": "Royal Ujazd\u00f3w Castle", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f29": "about 500 projects", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2a": "Zach\u0119ta National Gallery of Art", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2b": "Polish and international artists and promotes art in many other ways.", + "5733a2a9d058e614000b5f2c": "2011", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f32": "Polonia Warsaw", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f33": "1946", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f34": "twice", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f35": "Konwiktorska Street", + "5733a32bd058e614000b5f36": "their disastrous financial situation", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f23": "syrenka", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f24": "The mermaid", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f25": "1653", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f26": "1390", + "5733a45d4776f41900660f27": "a sword", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f77": "the mermaid", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f78": "the depths of the oceans and seas", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f79": "Denmark", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f7a": "Warszowa", + "5733a560d058e614000b5f7b": "the fishermen and captured the mermaid.", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f58": "in Warsaw", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f59": "1916", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5a": "the Art Deco style", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5b": "the Israeli poet", + "5733a6ac4776f41900660f5c": "Isaac Bashevis Singer", + "573312fcd058e614000b56e6": "the Economist Intelligence Unit", + "573312fcd058e614000b56e7": "2012", + "573312fcd058e614000b56e8": "a wide variety of industries", + "573312fcd058e614000b56e9": "The Warsaw Stock Exchange", + "573312fcd058e614000b56ea": "Frontex", + "5733140a4776f419006606e0": "1313", + "5733140a4776f419006606e1": "Warsaw ghetto in 1943 and to the major and devastating Warsaw Uprising between August and October 1944. Warsaw gained the title of the \"Phoenix City\"", + "5733140a4776f419006606e2": "1596", + "5733140a4776f419006606e3": "King Sigismund III Vasa", + "5733140a4776f419006606e4": "painstaking rebuilding after the extensive damage it suffered in World War II", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f0": "a Roman Catholic archdiocese", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f1": "the Polish Academy of Sciences", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f2": "a UNESCO World Heritage Site", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f3": "the Castle Square", + "573314e3d058e614000b56f4": "luxurious parks and royal gardens", + "57332442d058e614000b5720": "miasto sto\u0142eczne Warszawa", + "57332442d058e614000b5721": "the city name", + "57332442d058e614000b5722": "a fisherman", + "57332442d058e614000b5723": "a village located at the modern-", + "57332442d058e614000b5724": "miasto sto\u0142eczne Warszawa", + "57332562d058e614000b5730": "Br\u00f3dno", + "57332562d058e614000b5731": "Prince of P\u0142ock", + "57332562d058e614000b5732": "about 1300", + "57332562d058e614000b5733": "1413", + "57332562d058e614000b5734": "1526", + "5733266d4776f41900660712": "the General Sejm", + "5733266d4776f41900660713": "1569", + "5733266d4776f41900660714": "religious freedom", + "5733266d4776f41900660715": "King Sigismund III Vasa", + "5733266d4776f41900660716": "1596", + "57332a734776f41900660726": "1796", + "57332a734776f41900660727": "the Kingdom of Prussia", + "57332a734776f41900660728": "Napoleon", + "57332a734776f41900660729": "the Congress of Vienna of 1815", + "57332a734776f4190066072a": "1816", + "57332b66d058e614000b5758": "4 August 1915 until November 1918", + "57332b66d058e614000b5759": "areas controlled by Russia in 1914", + "57332b66d058e614000b575a": "Pi\u0142sudski", + "57332b66d058e614000b575b": "1920", + "57332b66d058e614000b575c": "the Red Army", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073a": "1 September 1939", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073b": "a German Nazi colonial administration.", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073c": "several hundred thousand", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073d": "19 April 1943", + "57332c1e4776f4190066073e": "almost a month", + "57332e48d058e614000b5762": "the Red Army", + "57332e48d058e614000b5763": "the Warsaw Uprising", + "57332e48d058e614000b5764": "1 August 1944", + "57332e48d058e614000b5765": "63 days", + "57332e48d058e614000b5766": "the Warsaw Uprising", + "57332f81d058e614000b5776": "Bricks for Warsaw", + "57332f81d058e614000b5777": "prefabricated housing", + "57332f81d058e614000b5778": "prefabricated housing projects were erected in Warsaw to address the housing shortage,", + "57332f81d058e614000b5779": "the Palace of Culture and Science", + "57332f81d058e614000b577a": "UNESCO", + "573330444776f41900660758": "John Paul II", + "573330444776f41900660759": "the Polish citizens", + "573330444776f4190066075a": "less than a year", + "573330444776f4190066075b": "Victory Square", + "573330444776f4190066075c": "the incentive for the democratic changes", + "5733314e4776f4190066076a": "300 km", + "5733314e4776f4190066076b": "523 km (325 mi) east of Berlin, Germany. The city straddles the Vistula River.", + "5733314e4776f4190066076c": "the Vistula River", + "5733314e4776f4190066076d": "Szcz\u0119\u015bliwice", + "5733314e4776f4190066076e": "the right bank of the Vistula", + "57335c20d058e614000b58f9": "left and right.", + "57335c20d058e614000b58fa": "the Vistula Valley", + "57335c20d058e614000b58fc": "Warsaw Escarpment", + "57335c20d058e614000b58fb": "The Vistula River", + "57335c20d058e614000b58fd": "Warsaw Escarpment", + "57335ddbd058e614000b592f": "natural and artificial ponds and also groups of clay pits. The pattern of the Vistula terraces is asymmetrical.", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5930": "former flooded terraces", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5931": "valleys and ground depressions", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5932": "peat swamps", + "57335ddbd058e614000b5933": "pine forest", + "57335fcad058e614000b5970": "the turbulent history of the city and country", + "57335fcad058e614000b5971": "the Second World War", + "57335fcad058e614000b5972": "the 1950s and 1960s", + "57335fcad058e614000b5973": "Leopold Kronenberg Palace", + "57335fcad058e614000b5974": "basic design typical of Eastern bloc countries", + "573361404776f4190066093c": "Gothic architecture is represented in the majestic churches but also at the burgher houses and fortifications.", + "573361404776f4190066093d": "1411", + "573361404776f4190066093e": "Gothic architecture", + "573361404776f4190066093f": "Renaissance architecture", + "573361404776f41900660940": "mannerist architecture", + "573362b94776f41900660974": "the 17th century", + "573362b94776f41900660975": "1688\u20131692", + "573362b94776f41900660976": "rococo architecture", + "573362b94776f41900660977": "neoclassical architecture", + "573362b94776f41900660978": "1775\u20131795", + "5733638fd058e614000b59e8": "bourgeois architecture", + "5733638fd058e614000b59e9": "the communist authorities", + "5733638fd058e614000b59ea": "socialist realism", + "5733638fd058e614000b59eb": "the Warsaw University of Technology", + "5733638fd058e614000b59ec": "the most distinctive buildings in prewar Warsaw.", + "5733647e4776f419006609ae": "the impressive Warsaw Uprising Monument", + "5733647e4776f419006609af": "Pawiak", + "5733647e4776f419006609b0": "Warsaw Citadel", + "5733647e4776f419006609b1": "the children who served as messengers and frontline troops in the Warsaw Uprising", + "5733647e4776f419006609b2": "the impressive Warsaw Uprising Monument", + "573368044776f41900660a29": "green spaces in the city include the Botanic Garden and the University Library garden.", + "573368044776f41900660a2a": "the New Orangery", + "573368044776f41900660a2b": "Pole Mokotowskie", + "573368044776f41900660a2c": "Park Ujazdowski", + "573368044776f41900660a2d": "1927", + "573368e54776f41900660a53": "the location of Warsaw", + "573368e54776f41900660a54": "Warsaw", + "573368e54776f41900660a55": "the Masovian Primeval Forest", + "573368e54776f41900660a56": "Kabaty Forest", + "573368e54776f41900660a57": "two botanic gardens", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcb": ", hence halving the population growth in the following years.", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcc": "residency registration limitations", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcd": "1951", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bce": "some kind of conviction among Poles that Varsovians thought of themselves as better only because they lived in the capital. Unfortunately this belief", + "57337f6ad058e614000b5bcf": "residency registration", + "57338007d058e614000b5bda": ") and 2,818 Mariavites (0.4%)", + "57338007d058e614000b5bdb": ". Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%)", + "57338007d058e614000b5bdc": "56.2% were Catholics, 35.7% Jews, 5% Greek orthodox Christians and 2.8% Protestants.", + "57338007d058e614000b5bdd": ". Eight years later, in 1909, there were 281,754 Jews (36.9%)", + "57338007d058e614000b5bde": "the aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944", + "573380e0d058e614000b5be9": "the second level of the territorial division \u2013", + "573380e0d058e614000b5bea": "the entitlements, i.e. tasks and privileges, which are possessed by the units of the second level of the territorial division \u2013", + "573380e0d058e614000b5beb": "all districts.", + "57338160d058e614000b5bf9": "the City Council", + "57338160d058e614000b5bfa": "60", + "57338160d058e614000b5bfb": "four years", + "57338160d058e614000b5bfc": "committees", + "57338160d058e614000b5bfd": "30 days", + "57338255d058e614000b5c0d": "president before 1990. The first Warsaw President", + "57338255d058e614000b5c0e": "Jan Andrzej Menich", + "57338255d058e614000b5c0f": "1695\u20131696", + "57338255d058e614000b5c10": "the City council", + "57338255d058e614000b5c11": "the district Centrum", + "573382d24776f41900660c37": "\u00f3dmie\u015bcie", + "573382d24776f41900660c38": "304", + "573382d24776f41900660c39": "emerging market", + "573382d24776f41900660c3a": "GDP per capita", + "573382d24776f41900660c3b": "191", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c26": "1817", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c27": "World War II", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c28": "April 1991", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c29": "374 companies", + "5733834ed058e614000b5c2a": "the Warsaw Stock Exchange", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c35": "1951", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c36": "the Chevrolet Aveo", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c37": "Daewoo", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c38": "AvtoZAZ", + "573383d0d058e614000b5c39": "AvtoZAZ", + "573166ede6313a140071cef2": "Warszawa", + "573166ede6313a140071cef3": "Warsaw (Polish: Warszawa [var\u02c8\u0282", + "573166ede6313a140071cef4": "the Vistula River", + "573166ede6313a140071cef5": ") from the Baltic Sea and 300 kilometres (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains.", + "573166ede6313a140071cef6": "the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union. The city limits cover 516.9 square kilometres (199.6 sq mi),", + "5732b6b5328d981900602021": "Warsaw the 9th most-populous capital city in the European Union. The city limits cover 516.9 square kilometres (199.6 sq mi)", + "5732b6b5328d981900602022": "the Vistula River", + "5732b6b5328d981900602023": "260 kilometres", + "5732b6b5328d981900602024": ") from the Baltic Sea and 300 kilometres (190 mi) from the Carpathian Mountains.", + "5732b6b5328d981900602025": "9th", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b9628": "France", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b9629": "the 10th and 11th centuries", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b962a": "Iceland and Norway", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b962b": "Rollo", + "56ddde6b9a695914005b962c": "the first half of the 10th century", + "56dddf4066d3e219004dad5f": "William the Conqueror", + "56dddf4066d3e219004dad60": "Richard I", + "56dddf4066d3e219004dad61": ".", + "56dde0379a695914005b9636": "Old Norse", + "56dde0379a695914005b9637": "Medieval Latin, 9th century", + "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad75": "911", + "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad76": "King Charles III of West Francia", + "56dde0ba66d3e219004dad77": "of Normandy", + "56dde1d966d3e219004dad8d": "Rollo", + "56dde27d9a695914005b9651": "the Norse religion", + "56dde27d9a695914005b9652": "the north of France", + "56dde2fa66d3e219004dad9b": "fighting horsemen", + "56dde3aa9a695914005b9660": "999", + "56dde3aa9a695914005b9661": "Melus of Bari", + "56dde3aa9a695914005b9662": "Monte Gargano", + "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b595": "in 1047", + "56de0daecffd8e1900b4b596": "William Iron Arm", + "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59a": "the Saracens", + "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59b": "1130", + "56de0e25cffd8e1900b4b59c": "Squillace", + "56de0ed14396321400ee2579": "Kitab Rudjdjar", + "56de0ed14396321400ee257a": "The Book of Roger", + "56de0ed14396321400ee257b": "a meritocratic bureaucracy", + "56de0f6a4396321400ee257f": "the Pechenegs", + "56de0ffd4396321400ee258d": "the 1050s", + "56de0ffd4396321400ee258e": "the 1060s", + "56de0ffd4396321400ee258f": "Alexius Komnenos", + "56de10b44396321400ee2593": "Afranji", + "56de10b44396321400ee2594": "Raimbaud", + "56de10b44396321400ee2595": "the Armenians", + "56de11154396321400ee25aa": "Norman mercenary origin during the period of the Comnenian Restoration, when Byzantine emperors were seeking out western European warriors.", + "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bc": "Robert Guiscard", + "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5bd": "February 1082", + "56de148dcffd8e1900b4b5be": "30", + "56de15104396321400ee25b7": "the city of Deabolis", + "56de15104396321400ee25b8": "Bohemond", + "56de15104396321400ee25b9": "the river Deabolis", + "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c2": "1185", + "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c3": "Dyrrachium", + "56de1563cffd8e1900b4b5c4": "the Adriatic\u2014fell again to Byzantine hands.", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c8": "King Ethelred II of England", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5c9": "King Ethelred II of England", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5ca": "Normandy in 1013", + "56de15dbcffd8e1900b4b5cb": "Sweyn Forkbeard", + "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d0": "Harthacnut", + "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d1": "1041", + "56de1645cffd8e1900b4b5d2": "Robert of Jumi\u00e8ges", + "56de16ca4396321400ee25c5": "Hastings", + "56de16ca4396321400ee25c6": "Duke William II of Normandy", + "56de16ca4396321400ee25c7": "1066", + "56de16ca4396321400ee25c8": "King Harold II", + "56de1728cffd8e1900b4b5d7": "Middle English.", + "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5da": "1169", + "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5db": "Bannow Bay", + "56de179dcffd8e1900b4b5dc": "Irish culture", + "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e0": "Edgar Atheling", + "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e1": "King Malcolm III", + "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e2": "1072", + "56de17f9cffd8e1900b4b5e3": "King Malcolm III of Scotland", + "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6be": "Sybilla of Normandy", + "56de3cd0cffd8e1900b4b6bf": "Normans and Norman culture", + "56de3d594396321400ee26ca": "Hereford", + "56de3d594396321400ee26cb": "Edward the Confessor", + "56de3d594396321400ee26cc": "Edward the Confessor", + "56de3dbacffd8e1900b4b6d2": "Wales", + "56de3e414396321400ee26d8": "1018", + "56de3e414396321400ee26d9": "William of Montreuil", + "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e6": "1097", + "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e7": "Tancred", + "56de3ebc4396321400ee26e8": "the conquest of Jerusalem", + "56de3efccffd8e1900b4b6fe": "380 years", + "56de3f784396321400ee26fa": "Isaac Komnenos", + "56de3f784396321400ee26fb": "Berengaria", + "56de3f784396321400ee26fc": "April 1191", + "56de3f784396321400ee26fd": "Isaac Komnenos", + "56de40da4396321400ee2708": "Conrad of Montferrat", + "56de40da4396321400ee2709": "silver", + "56de40da4396321400ee270a": "Richard de Camville", + "56de41504396321400ee2714": "Richard", + "56de41504396321400ee2715": "12 May 1191", + "56de41504396321400ee2716": "a double coronation", + "56de48f34396321400ee2770": "1489", + "56de48f34396321400ee2771": "Guy de Lusignan", + "56de49564396321400ee277a": "Africa", + "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a7": "Maciot de Bethencourt", + "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a8": "Maciot de Bethencourt", + "56de49a8cffd8e1900b4b7a9": "Maciot de Bethencourt", + "56de4a474396321400ee2786": "customaries in Latin by two judges for use by them and their colleagues: These are the Tr\u00e8s", + "56de4a474396321400ee2787": "two judges", + "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7bd": "north French style", + "56de4a89cffd8e1900b4b7be": "rounded arches", + "56de4b074396321400ee2793": "the Early Gothic", + "56de4b074396321400ee2794": ", and Byzantine building techniques into their own, initiating a unique style known as Norman-Arab architecture within the Kingdom of Sicily.", + "56de4b074396321400ee2795": "the Kingdom of Sicily", + "56de4b5c4396321400ee2799": "the early 11th century", + "56de4b5c4396321400ee279a": "the Normans", + "56de4bb84396321400ee27a2": "the 16th century", + "56de4c324396321400ee27ab": "embroidery", + "56de4c324396321400ee27ac": "the Bayeux Tapestry", + "56de4c324396321400ee27ad": "the Bishop of Bayeux", + "56de51244396321400ee27ef": "sculptured fonts, capitals,", + "56de51c64396321400ee27f7": "the 11th century", + "56de51c64396321400ee27f8": "William of Volpiano and John of Ravenna", + "56de52614396321400ee27fb": "southern Italy", + "56de52614396321400ee27fc": "a Latin monastery at Sant'Eufemia. There they continued the tradition of singing.", + "56de52614396321400ee27fd": "Robert Guiscard", + "56de52614396321400ee27fe": "the tradition of singing", + "56df9e2838dc4217001520f6": "10 July 1856", + "56df9e2838dc4217001520f8": "Serbian American", + "56df9e2838dc4217001520f9": "1943", + "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b7": "10 July 1856", + "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b8": "1943", + "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6b9": "Serbian American", + "56e0b94b7aa994140058e6bb": "alternating current", + "56df9ee138dc421700152108": "1884", + "56df9ee138dc421700152109": "Thomas Edison", + "56df9ee138dc42170015210a": "George Westinghouse", + "56df9ee138dc42170015210b": "New York City", + "56df9ee138dc42170015210c": "various patent battles", + "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c1": "1884", + "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c2": "Thomas Edison", + "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c3": "New York City", + "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c4": "George Westinghouse", + "56e0b9d57aa994140058e6c5": "AC induction motor and transformer", + "56dfa01738dc42170015211d": "1893", + "56dfa01738dc42170015211e": "wireless lighting and electricity distribution", + "56dfa01738dc42170015211f": "wireless lighting and electricity distribution", + "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35b": "Colorado Springs", + "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35c": "1893", + "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35d": "a wireless controlled boat", + "56e0bab7231d4119001ac35e": "Wardenclyffe Tower", + "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb7": "7 January 1943", + "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb8": "the SI unit of magnetic flux density", + "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebb9": "New York", + "56dfa0d84a1a83140091ebba": "his achievements and showmanship", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cb": "money", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cc": "7 January 1943", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cd": "the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6ce": "the 1990s", + "56e0bb9f7aa994140058e6cf": "showmanship", + "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc1": "Croatia", + "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc2": "a Serbian Orthodox priest", + "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc3": "his eidetic memory", + "56dfa13d4a1a83140091ebc4": "his mother", + "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36b": "a Serbian Orthodox priest", + "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36c": "Milutin Tesla", + "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36d": "Mandi\u0107", + "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36e": "eidetic memory", + "56e0bcc0231d4119001ac36f": "his mother", + "56dfa1d34a1a83140091ebd4": "five children", + "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd6": "German", + "56dfa1d44a1a83140091ebd7": "1862", + "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac375": "Dane", + "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac376": "Angelina and Marica", + "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac377": "Nikola was five", + "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac378": "Gospi\u0107, Austrian Empire", + "56e0c0c7231d4119001ac379": "a pastor", + "56dfa24a38dc421700152142": "Martin Sekuli", + "56dfa24a38dc421700152143": "German", + "56dfa24a38dc421700152144": "integral calculus", + "56dfa24a38dc421700152145": "cheating", + "56dfa24a38dc421700152146": "1873", + "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d5": "1870", + "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d6": "Martin Sekuli", + "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d7": "Martin Sekuli", + "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d8": "German", + "56e0c1617aa994140058e6d9": "1873", + "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf2": "cholera", + "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf3": "nine months", + "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf4": "the best engineering school", + "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf5": "enter the priesthood", + "56dfa2c54a1a83140091ebf6": "Smiljan", + "56e0c2307aa994140058e6df": "1873", + "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e0": "cholera", + "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e1": "nine months", + "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e2": "the priesthood", + "56e0c2307aa994140058e6e3": "the best engineering school", + "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfc": "Smiljan", + "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfd": "Mark Twain", + "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebfe": "nature", + "56dfa3394a1a83140091ebff": "1874", + "56dfa3394a1a83140091ec00": ". There, he explored the mountains in hunter's garb. Tesla said that this contact with nature made him stronger,", + "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac389": "being drafted", + "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38a": "1874", + "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38b": "contact with nature", + "56e0c2bc231d4119001ac38c": "Mark Twain", + "56dfa3c338dc421700152154": "1875", + "56dfa3c338dc421700152155": "Austrian Polytechnic", + "56dfa3c338dc421700152156": "1879", + "56dfa3c338dc421700152157": "overwork", + "56dfa3c338dc421700152158": "Austrian Polytechnic in Graz, Austria, on a Military Frontier scholarship.", + "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ab": "Graz", + "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ac": "1875", + "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ad": "1879", + "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3ae": "gambling", + "56e0cbf3231d4119001ac3af": "overwork", + "56dfa7887aa994140058dfa9": "hide the fact that he dropped out of school.", + "56dfa7887aa994140058dfaa": "Milutin Tesla", + "56dfa7887aa994140058dfab": "a draftsman", + "56dfa7887aa994140058dfac": "beg his son to return home, but Nikola refused. Nikola suffered a nervous breakdown at around the same time.", + "56dfa7887aa994140058dfad": "a nervous breakdown", + "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e717": "December 1878", + "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e718": "the fact that he dropped out of school.", + "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e719": "a nervous breakdown", + "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71a": "playing cards", + "56e0ccaa7aa994140058e71b": "a nervous breakdown", + "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbd": "not having a residence permit", + "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbe": "24 March 1879", + "56dfaa047aa994140058dfbf": "17 April 1879", + "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc0": "a stroke", + "56dfaa047aa994140058dfc1": "not having a residence permit.", + "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3bf": "not having a residence permit", + "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c0": "March 1879", + "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c1": "Higher Real Gymnasium", + "56e0cd33231d4119001ac3c2": "a stroke", + "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5b": "Prague", + "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5c": "an auditor", + "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5e": "an auditor", + "56dfac8e231d4119001abc5f": "Prague", + "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c7": "Prague", + "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c8": "1880", + "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3c9": "the university", + "56e0cdb9231d4119001ac3ca": "uncles", + "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc7": "Budapest", + "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc8": "Ferenc Pusk", + "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfc9": "chief electrician", + "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfca": "a telephone repeater", + "56dfad0a7aa994140058dfcb": "chief electrician", + "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fc": "1881", + "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fd": "the Central Telegraph Office", + "56e0d402231d4119001ac3fe": "Ferenc Pusk", + "56e0d402231d4119001ac3ff": "chief electrician", + "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc83": "1882", + "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc84": "New York City", + "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc85": "New York City", + "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc86": "Thomas Edison", + "56dfb0c8231d4119001abc87": "Thomas Edison", + "56e0d54a7aa994140058e769": "the Continental Edison Company", + "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76a": "New York City", + "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76b": "1884", + "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76c": "Thomas Edison", + "56e0d54a7aa994140058e76d": "New York City", + "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00d": "fifty thousand dollars", + "56dfb4be7aa994140058e00e": "cash", + "56dfb4be7aa994140058e010": "months", + "56e0d6367aa994140058e773": "fifty thousand dollars", + "56e0d6367aa994140058e774": "American humor", + "56e0d6367aa994140058e775": "fifty thousand dollars", + "56dfb5777aa994140058e021": "Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail", + "56dfb5777aa994140058e022": "an electric lighting company", + "56dfb5777aa994140058e023": "electric lighting", + "56dfb5777aa994140058e024": "patents", + "56dfb5777aa994140058e025": "electric lighting", + "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac420": "Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail", + "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac421": "1886", + "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac422": "Tesla Electric Light", + "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac423": "electric lighting", + "56e0d6cf231d4119001ac424": "Tesla", + "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb5": "leaving him penniless", + "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb6": "investors", + "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb8": "a ditch digger", + "56dfb5f5231d4119001abcb9": "the winter of 1886", + "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42b": "investors", + "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42c": "a ditch digger", + "56e0d76d231d4119001ac42d": "electrical repair jobs", + "56dfb666231d4119001abcc0": "a Western Union superintendent", + "56dfb666231d4119001abcc1": "April 1887", + "56dfb666231d4119001abcc2": "Peck and Brown", + "56dfb666231d4119001abcc3": "89 Liberty Street in Manhattan", + "56e0d810231d4119001ac432": "and Brown", + "56e0d810231d4119001ac433": "the Tesla Electric Company", + "56e0d810231d4119001ac434": "Peck and Brown", + "56e0d810231d4119001ac435": "89 Liberty Street in Manhattan", + "56e0d810231d4119001ac436": "the Tesla Electric Company", + "56dfb6d17aa994140058e053": "an induction motor", + "56dfb6d17aa994140058e054": "May 1888", + "56dfb6d17aa994140058e055": "a commutator", + "56dfb6d17aa994140058e056": "sparking", + "56dfb6d17aa994140058e057": "an induction motor", + "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43c": "1887", + "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43d": "polyphase current which generated a rotating magnetic field to turn the motor (a principle Tesla claimed to have conceived in 1882)", + "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43e": "a commutator", + "56e0d9e0231d4119001ac43f": "May 1888", + "56e057e1231d4119001ac043": "the editor of Electrical World magazine", + "56e057e1231d4119001ac044": "the American Institute of Electrical Engineers", + "56e057e1231d4119001ac045": "1888", + "56e057e1231d4119001ac046": "George Westinghouse", + "56e057e1231d4119001ac047": "Thomas Commerford Martin", + "56e0dbb57aa994140058e779": "Thomas Commerford Martin", + "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77a": "George Westinghouse", + "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77b": "Galileo Ferraris", + "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77c": "the Italian physicist", + "56e0dbb57aa994140058e77d": "Westinghouse Electric", + "56e05900231d4119001ac04d": "1888", + "56e05900231d4119001ac04e": "Brown and Peck", + "56e05900231d4119001ac04f": "George Westinghouse", + "56e05900231d4119001ac051": "Brown and Peck", + "56e0dc667aa994140058e783": "Brown and Peck", + "56e0dc667aa994140058e784": "July 1888", + "56e0dc667aa994140058e785": "one year", + "56e0dc667aa994140058e786": "Pittsburgh", + "56e059c8231d4119001ac057": "Pittsburgh", + "56e059c8231d4119001ac058": "an alternating current system", + "56e059c8231d4119001ac059": "60", + "56e059c8231d4119001ac05a": "a DC traction motor", + "56e0e518231d4119001ac444": "streetcars", + "56e0e518231d4119001ac445": "a DC traction motor", + "56e05a78231d4119001ac062": "Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse", + "56e05a78231d4119001ac063": "Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse", + "56e05a78231d4119001ac064": "AC development", + "56e05a78231d4119001ac065": "George Westinghouse", + "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78b": "induction motor", + "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78c": "George Westinghouse", + "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78d": "1890", + "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78e": "George Westinghouse", + "56e0e5f37aa994140058e78f": "George Westinghouse", + "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cd": "George Westinghouse", + "56e07c86231d4119001ac1ce": "Chicago", + "56e07c86231d4119001ac1cf": "General Electric", + "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d0": "a series of electrical effects previously performed throughout America and Europe,:76 included using high-voltage,", + "56e07c86231d4119001ac1d1": "a series of electrical effects", + "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d5": "George Westinghouse", + "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d6": "Chicago", + "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d7": "1893, George Westinghouse won the bid to light the 1893", + "56e0ecd37aa994140058e7d8": "AC power", + "56e0812c231d4119001ac213": "Richard Dean Adams", + "56e0812c231d4119001ac214": "the Niagara Falls Cataract", + "56e0812c231d4119001ac215": "Westinghouse Electric", + "56e0812c231d4119001ac216": "General Electric", + "56e0812c231d4119001ac217": "alternating current.", + "56e0ee12231d4119001ac459": "Richard Dean Adams", + "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45a": "1893", + "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45b": "alternating current.", + "56e0ee12231d4119001ac45c": "Tesla advised Adams", + "56e089ab231d4119001ac285": "1896", + "56e089ab231d4119001ac287": "a lump sum", + "56e089ab231d4119001ac288": "a lump sum", + "56e089ab231d4119001ac289": "Westinghouse Electric and Tesla would have to \"deal with the bankers\"", + "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac462": "the bankers", + "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac463": "licenses and royalties to Tesla, Brown, and Peck).", + "56e0ef0c231d4119001ac464": "a lump sum", + "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5da": "35", + "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5db": "New York", + "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dc": "electric lamps", + "56e08a1f7aa994140058e5dd": "the Tesla coil", + "56e0ef90231d4119001ac468": "1891", + "56e0ef90231d4119001ac469": "the Tesla coil", + "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46a": "35", + "56e0ef90231d4119001ac46b": "wireless power transmission", + "56e08aa0231d4119001ac299": "the American Institute of Electrical Engineers", + "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29a": "Tesla", + "56e08aa0231d4119001ac29d": "1892 to 1894", + "56e0f019231d4119001ac470": "vice president", + "56e0f019231d4119001ac471": "1892 to 1894", + "56e0f019231d4119001ac472": "the Institute of Radio Engineers", + "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a4": "the 5th Avenue laboratory fire", + "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a5": "the 5th Avenue laboratory fire", + "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a6": "December 1895", + "56e08b3c231d4119001ac2a7": "the metal locking screw on the camera lens", + "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c8": "the 5th Avenue laboratory fire of March 1895", + "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4c9": "Roentgen rays", + "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4ca": "the 5th Avenue laboratory fire of March 1895", + "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cb": "the metal locking screw on the camera lens", + "56e0f32d231d4119001ac4cc": "Mark Twain", + "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ad": "the Tesla Coil", + "56e08d32231d4119001ac2ae": "1896", + "56e08d32231d4119001ac2af": "Roentgen rays", + "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b0": "the Tesla Coil", + "56e08d32231d4119001ac2b1": "the Tesla Coil", + "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d4": "1896", + "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d5": "the Tesla Coil", + "56e0f5a6231d4119001ac4d6": "Roentgen rays", + "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b7": "longitudinal waves", + "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b8": "various causes", + "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2b9": "skin damage", + "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2ba": "various causes. He believed early on that damage to the skin was not caused by the Roentgen rays,", + "56e08f4a231d4119001ac2bb": "magnetic fields", + "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ee": "Roentgen rays", + "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4ef": "longitudinal waves", + "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f0": "waves in plasmas", + "56e0f6aa231d4119001ac4f1": "various causes. He believed early on that damage to the skin was not caused by the Roentgen rays", + "56e0e69b7aa994140058e795": "Benjamin Lamme", + "56e0e69b7aa994140058e796": "1893", + "56e0e69b7aa994140058e797": "Westinghouse Electric", + "56e0ed557aa994140058e7dd": "the Egg of Columbus", + "56e0ed557aa994140058e7e0": "Tesla", + "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e859": "11 July 1934", + "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85a": "a sharp stinging pain", + "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85b": "a sharp stinging pain", + "56e0fa5b7aa994140058e85c": "bits of metal projected by his \"electric gun,\" Tesla said, \"The particles in the beam of force .", + "56e0fb14231d4119001ac525": "the Franklin Institute", + "56e0fb14231d4119001ac526": "the Tesla Coil", + "56e0fb14231d4119001ac527": "the Franklin Institute", + "56e0fb887aa994140058e869": "1898", + "56e0fb887aa994140058e86a": "teleautomaton", + "56e0fb887aa994140058e86b": "Madison Square Garden", + "56e0fb887aa994140058e86c": "an electrical exhibition at Madison Square Garden", + "56e0fb887aa994140058e86d": "a trained monkey", + "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e877": "1900", + "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e878": "Guglielmo Marconi", + "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e879": "1901", + "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87a": "1943", + "56e0fc3f7aa994140058e87b": "a Supreme Court of the United States", + "56e0fd167aa994140058e881": "1899", + "56e0fd167aa994140058e882": "Paris", + "56e0fd167aa994140058e883": "15 June 1899", + "56e0fd167aa994140058e884": "five inches", + "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ea": "atmospheric electricity", + "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673eb": "stationary waves", + "56e0fde0cd28a01900c673ec": "a resonant frequency", + "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6a": "lightning", + "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6b": "millions of volts", + "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6c": "15 miles away in Cripple Creek, Colorado.", + "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6d": "and up to 135 feet long.", + "56e0fe85e3433e1400422a6e": "their wings.", + "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fb": "a power outage", + "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fc": "a power outage", + "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fd": "high frequency currents", + "56e0ff5dcd28a01900c673fe": "the dynamos", + "56e10043e3433e1400422a84": "three impulses", + "56e10043e3433e1400422a85": "Mars", + "56e10043e3433e1400422a86": "the Philadelphia North American", + "56e10043e3433e1400422a87": "wireless transmission.", + "56e10043e3433e1400422a88": "July 1899", + "56e100b6cd28a01900c67403": ".", + "56e100b6cd28a01900c67404": "Tesla", + "56e100b6cd28a01900c67405": "lighting", + "56e100b6cd28a01900c67406": "1899", + "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740b": "1900", + "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740c": "1904", + "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740d": "1904", + "56e1011ecd28a01900c6740e": "Tesla", + "56e10179cd28a01900c67413": "Wardenclyffe", + "56e10179cd28a01900c67414": "Tesla", + "56e10179cd28a01900c67415": "Long Island", + "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8e": "Morgan, but it was also fruitless. Morgan", + "56e101f4e3433e1400422a8f": "breach of contract by asking for more funds. Tesla wrote another plea to Morgan", + "56e101f4e3433e1400422a91": "breach of contract by asking for more funds. Tesla wrote another plea to Morgan,", + "56e10296cd28a01900c67423": "over 50 letters", + "56e10296cd28a01900c67424": "improper synthesis", + "56e10296cd28a01900c67425": "improper synthesis", + "56e10296cd28a01900c67426": "187 feet", + "56e10325cd28a01900c67435": "150 kilowatts", + "56e10325cd28a01900c67436": "150 kilowatts", + "56e10325cd28a01900c67437": "1906", + "56e10325cd28a01900c67438": "Tesla", + "56e10412e3433e1400422aba": "a sledge hammer to terminate the experiment, just as the police arrived.:162\u2013164 In February 1912, an article\u2014\"Nikola Tesla", + "56e10412e3433e1400422abb": "his Houston Street lab", + "56e10412e3433e1400422abc": "the resonance frequency", + "56e10412e3433e1400422abd": "World Today", + "56e10412e3433e1400422abe": "Nikola Tesla", + "56e1066be3433e1400422ae4": "the application of electricity to the brain", + "56e1066be3433e1400422ae5": "the application of electricity to the brain", + "56e1066be3433e1400422ae6": "William H. Maxwell", + "56e1066be3433e1400422ae7": "the application of electricity to the brain enhanced intelligence.", + "56e1075ae3433e1400422afa": "overseas investors", + "56e1075ae3433e1400422afb": "his patents", + "56e1075ae3433e1400422afc": "Tesla sought overseas investors.", + "56e1075ae3433e1400422afd": "the Edison Medal", + "56e1075ae3433e1400422afe": "the Edison Medal", + "56e108abe3433e1400422b0c": "Electrical Experimenter", + "56e108abe3433e1400422b0d": "Tesla", + "56e108abe3433e1400422b0e": "modern radar). Tesla was incorrect in his assumption that high frequency radio waves would penetrate water but \u00c9", + "56e108abe3433e1400422b0f": "Tesla", + "56e1097dcd28a01900c6748f": "Sir William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg", + "56e1097dcd28a01900c67490": "Sir William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg", + "56e1097dcd28a01900c67491": "unsubstantiated rumors at the time that Tesla and/", + "56e1097dcd28a01900c67492": "unsubstantiated rumors", + "56e10a28cd28a01900c674b1": "animosity toward each other", + "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b3": "rumors", + "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b4": "Tesla nor Edison", + "56e10aa5cd28a01900c674b5": "1937", + "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b24": "251", + "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b25": "improper synthesis", + "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b26": "improper synthesis", + "56e10b6ee3433e1400422b27": "turbine engines", + "56e10c61e3433e1400422b36": "rent at the Hotel New Yorker, expenses the Company would pay for the rest of Tesla's life.", + "56e10c61e3433e1400422b37": "rent", + "56e10c61e3433e1400422b38": "1934", + "56e10c61e3433e1400422b39": "bad publicity", + "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d7": "mechanical energy", + "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d8": "terrestrial distance", + "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674d9": "mechanical energy", + "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674da": "mineral deposits", + "56e10d2dcd28a01900c674db": "1935", + "56e10ddce3433e1400422b48": "feeding pigeons", + "56e10ddce3433e1400422b49": "a doctor", + "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4a": "three of his ribs were broken in the accident (the full extent of his injuries will never be known; Tesla refused to consult a doctor", + "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4b": "early 1938", + "56e10ddce3433e1400422b4c": "1937", + "56e10e73cd28a01900c674eb": "the Van de Graaff generator", + "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ec": "the Van de Graaff generator", + "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ed": "infantry", + "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ee": "teleforce", + "56e10e73cd28a01900c674ef": "teleforce", + "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5c": "1937", + "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5d": "a luncheon", + "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5e": "tungsten", + "56e10f14e3433e1400422b5f": "high voltage", + "56e10f14e3433e1400422b60": "a little time", + "56e10fbacd28a01900c67509": "charged particle beam weapons", + "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750a": "the Nikola Tesla Museum", + "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750b": "Belgrade", + "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750c": "millions of volts", + "56e10fbacd28a01900c6750d": "all war", + "56e11044e3433e1400422b76": "the blueprint for the teleforce weapon", + "56e11044e3433e1400422b77": "his papers", + "56e11044e3433e1400422b78": "the blueprint for the teleforce weapon", + "56e110c3cd28a01900c67531": "86", + "56e110c3cd28a01900c67532": "7 January 1943", + "56e110c3cd28a01900c67533": "Alice Monaghan", + "56e110c3cd28a01900c67534": "a death mask", + "56e110c3cd28a01900c67535": "coronary thrombosis", + "56e11161e3433e1400422b86": "the FBI", + "56e11161e3433e1400422b87": "the FBI ordered the Alien Property Custodian", + "56e11161e3433e1400422b89": "nothing", + "56e11161e3433e1400422b8a": "the Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company", + "56e111e5e3433e1400422b90": "Louis Adamic", + "56e111e5e3433e1400422b91": "Louis Adamic", + "56e111e5e3433e1400422b92": "12 January", + "56e111e5e3433e1400422b93": "two thousand", + "56e111e5e3433e1400422b94": "the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine", + "56e1127bcd28a01900c67549": "the United States", + "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754a": "Sava Kosan", + "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754b": "Charlotte Muzar", + "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754c": "the United States", + "56e1127bcd28a01900c6754d": "1957", + "56e11996e3433e1400422bde": "around 300 patents worldwide for his inventions. Some of Tesla's patents are not accounted for,", + "56e11996e3433e1400422bdf": "26 countries", + "56e11996e3433e1400422be0": "Canada", + "56e11996e3433e1400422be1": "patent archives", + "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b5": "eight o'clock .", + "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b6": ".", + "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b7": "one", + "56e11a16cd28a01900c675b8": "the headwaiter", + "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf0": "8 to 10 miles", + "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf1": "his brain cells", + "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf2": "exercise", + "56e11a73e3433e1400422bf3": "his brain cells", + "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c7": "telepathy", + "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c8": "telepathy", + "56e11afbcd28a01900c675c9": "one", + "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d7": "pigeons", + "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d8": ",000,", + "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675d9": "Tesla", + "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675da": "the park", + "56e11ba9cd28a01900c675db": "the park", + "56e11c24e3433e1400422c18": "142 pounds", + "56e11c24e3433e1400422c19": "6 feet", + "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1a": "1888", + "56e11c24e3433e1400422c1b": "New York City", + "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e7": "eight languages", + "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e8": "blinding flashes of light would appear before his eyes, often accompanied by visions.:33 Often, the visions", + "56e11cedcd28a01900c675e9": "picture thinking", + "56e11cedcd28a01900c675ea": "blinding flashes of light would appear before his eyes, often accompanied by visions.", + "56e11cedcd28a01900c675eb": "a photographic memory", + "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f1": "48 hours", + "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f2": "84 hours", + "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f3": "Graz", + "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f4": "Kenneth Swezey", + "56e11d8ecd28a01900c675f5": "a journalist", + "56e11e57e3433e1400422c28": "his chastity", + "56e11e57e3433e1400422c29": "women", + "56e11e57e3433e1400422c2a": "toward the end of his life", + "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2e": "Dorothy Skerrit", + "56e11f05e3433e1400422c2f": "Robert Underwood Johnson", + "56e11f05e3433e1400422c30": "asocial and prone to seclude himself with his work.", + "56e11f05e3433e1400422c31": "his soul.", + "56e11f05e3433e1400422c32": ", modesty, refinement, generosity, and force.", + "56e11f83cd28a01900c67611": "Mark Twain", + "56e11f83cd28a01900c67612": "his lab", + "56e11f83cd28a01900c67613": "the late 1920s", + "56e12005cd28a01900c67617": "overweight people", + "56e12005cd28a01900c67618": "a secretary", + "56e12005cd28a01900c67619": "her weight", + "56e12005cd28a01900c6761a": "clothing; on several occasions, Tesla directed a subordinate to go home and change her dress.", + "56e120a1e3433e1400422c38": "electrons", + "56e120a1e3433e1400422c39": "\" that transmitted electrical energy.", + "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3a": "electrical energy", + "56e120a1e3433e1400422c3b": "the 19th century", + "56e12110e3433e1400422c4a": "Einstein", + "56e12110e3433e1400422c4b": "theories about the conversion of matter into energy", + "56e12110e3433e1400422c4c": "relativity", + "56e121b7e3433e1400422c50": "gravity", + "56e121b7e3433e1400422c51": "1892", + "56e121b7e3433e1400422c52": "curved space", + "56e121b7e3433e1400422c53": "81", + "56e122dacd28a01900c67639": "eugenics", + "56e122dacd28a01900c6763a": "ruthless workings of nature,", + "56e122dacd28a01900c6763b": "pity", + "56e122dacd28a01900c6763c": "1937", + "56e1239acd28a01900c67641": "women", + "56e1239acd28a01900c67642": "1926", + "56e1239acd28a01900c67643": "Queen Bees", + "56e12477e3433e1400422c5e": "World War I", + "56e12477e3433e1400422c5f": "Science and Discovery", + "56e12477e3433e1400422c60": "20 December 1914", + "56e12477e3433e1400422c61": "the League of Nations", + "56e124f1cd28a01900c6764f": "Buddhism and Christianity", + "56e124f1cd28a01900c67650": "religious fanaticism", + "56e124f1cd28a01900c67651": "Buddhism and Christianity", + "56e1254ae3433e1400422c66": "A Machine to End War", + "56e1254ae3433e1400422c67": "Tesla", + "56e1254ae3433e1400422c68": "his religious views", + "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6c": "a number of books and articles for magazines and journals.", + "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6d": "Ben Johnston", + "56e125b6e3433e1400422c6e": "Ben Johnston", + "56e1262fcd28a01900c67655": "the web", + "56e1262fcd28a01900c67656": "1900", + "56e1262fcd28a01900c67657": "The Century Magazine", + "56e126dae3433e1400422c7c": "science fiction", + "56e126dae3433e1400422c7d": "science fiction", + "56e126dae3433e1400422c7e": "several types of science fiction.", + "56e127bccd28a01900c6765b": "Time magazine", + "56e127bccd28a01900c6765c": "Time magazine", + "56e127bccd28a01900c6765d": "electrical power generation", + "56e127bccd28a01900c6765e": "Albert Einstein", + "56e127bccd28a01900c6765f": "Albert Einstein", + "56e16182e3433e1400422e28": "Computational complexity theory", + "56e16182e3433e1400422e29": "inherent difficulty", + "56e16182e3433e1400422e2a": "computational problem", + "56e16839cd28a01900c67887": "computational complexity", + "56e16839cd28a01900c67888": "computational complexity theory", + "56e16839cd28a01900c67889": "computational complexity theory", + "56e16839cd28a01900c6788a": "the number of gates", + "56e16839cd28a01900c6788b": "computational complexity theory", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f40": "analysis of algorithms and computability theory.", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f41": "computational complexity theory", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f42": "computational complexity theory", + "56e17644e3433e1400422f43": "computational complexity theory", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a1": "a problem instance", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a2": "a problem", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a3": "a rather concrete utterance, which can serve as the input for a decision problem.", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a4": "a problem instance", + "56e17a7ccd28a01900c679a5": "a solution", + "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f7f": "2000 kilometres", + "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f80": "this particular problem instance", + "56e17e6ee3433e1400422f81": "particular problem instances", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa0": "a problem instance", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa1": "the binary alphabet", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa2": "a string over an alphabet", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa3": "binary notation", + "56e181d9e3433e1400422fa4": "adjacency matrices", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fc8": "Decision problems are one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory.", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fc9": "yes or no,", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fca": "yes or no", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fcb": "either yes or no", + "56e190bce3433e1400422fcc": "either yes or no", + "56e19557e3433e1400422fee": "an arbitrary graph", + "56e19557e3433e1400422ff0": "The formal language associated with this decision problem is then the set of all connected graphs\u2014", + "56e19557e3433e1400422ff1": "one has to decide how graphs are encoded as binary strings", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f6": "a computational problem", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f7": "a single output (of a total function) is expected for every input, but the output is more complex than that of a decision problem,", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f8": "function problem", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679f9": "the integer factorization problem", + "56e19724cd28a01900c679fa": "yes or no", + "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2e": "the notion of decision problems", + "56e1a0dccd28a01900c67a2f": "the notion of function problems is much richer than the notion of decision problems. However, this is not really the case,", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305c": "the time required to solve a problem (or the space required, or any measure of complexity) is calculated as a function of the size of the instance", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305d": "the size of the instance", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305e": "a function of the size of the instance", + "56e1a38de3433e140042305f": "bits", + "56e1a38de3433e1400423060": "input size", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a48": "Cobham", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a49": "the time taken", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4a": "the maximum time taken", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4b": "the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n.", + "56e1a564cd28a01900c67a4c": "time complexity", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423094": "the Turing machine", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423095": "an algorithm", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423097": "the Turing machine", + "56e1aba0e3433e1400423098": "symbols", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a68": "a deterministic Turing machine with an added feature of non-determinism,", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a69": "from a given state.", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6a": "probabilistic Turing machine", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6b": "a Turing machine to have multiple possible future actions from a given state.", + "56e1aff7cd28a01900c67a6c": "randomized algorithms", + "56e1b00ce3433e140042309e": "complexity classes", + "56e1b00ce3433e140042309f": "resources", + "56e1b00ce3433e14004230a1": "symmetric Turing machines and alternating Turing machines.", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a72": "random access machines", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a73": "time and memory consumption", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a74": "time and memory consumption", + "56e1b169cd28a01900c67a75": "time and memory consumption", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b0": "a computational model", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b1": "time is a very important resource in analyzing computational problems.", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b2": "many of the mathematical models", + "56e1b355e3433e14004230b3": "time", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa3": "the total number of state transitions", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa4": "their difficulty", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa5": "sets of problems based on some criteria.", + "56e1b62ecd28a01900c67aa6": "time and space", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abc": "a computational resource", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abd": "time and space are the most well-known complexity resources, any complexity measure can be viewed as a computational resource", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abe": "the Blum complexity axioms", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67abf": "communication complexity", + "56e1b754cd28a01900c67ac0": "decision tree complexity", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e6": "time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs of the same size.", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e7": "time complexity", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e8": "time complexity", + "56e1b8f3e3433e14004230e9": "time complexity (or any other complexity measure) of different inputs of the same size.", + "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae0": "the deterministic sorting algorithm", + "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae1": "the average time taken for sorting is O(n log n)", + "56e1ba41cd28a01900c67ae2": "the average time taken for sorting is O(n log n)", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423104": "the most efficient algorithm solving a given problem. The complexity of an algorithm is usually taken to be its worst-case complexity,", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423105": "the field of analysis of algorithms", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423106": "upper and lower bounds", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423107": "running time", + "56e1bc3ae3433e1400423108": "upper and lower bounds", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afc": "the big O notation", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afd": "constant factors and smaller terms", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67afe": "Upper and lower bounds", + "56e1bd4acd28a01900c67aff": "specific details of the computational model used", + "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2c": "complexity classes", + "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2d": "complexity classes", + "56e1c0f6cd28a01900c67b2e": "a definition", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423134": "the chosen machine model", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423135": "linear time", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423136": "a deterministic Turing machine", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423137": "Cobham", + "56e1c2eee3433e1400423138": "the complexity class P", + "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423148": "time or space", + "56e1c3e1e3433e1400423149": "bounding the time or space used by the algorithm", + "56e1c3e1e3433e140042314a": "complexity classes of decision problems", + "56e1c4fce3433e140042314e": "BPP", + "56e1c4fce3433e140042314f": "Boolean circuits", + "56e1c4fce3433e1400423150": "quantum Turing machines", + "56e1c4fce3433e1400423151": "P", + "56e1c4fce3433e1400423152": "Interactive proof systems", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316a": "time and space requirements", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316b": "properly included in the other.", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316c": "the time and space hierarchy theorems", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316d": "proper set inclusions", + "56e1c720e3433e140042316e": "the time and space hierarchy theorems", + "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b74": "time and space hierarchy theorems", + "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b75": "the space hierarchy theorem", + "56e1c7e2cd28a01900c67b76": "PSPACE", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423192": "the concept of a reduction", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423193": "another problem", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423194": "a reduction", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423195": "the method of reduction", + "56e1c9bfe3433e1400423196": "the bound on the complexity of reductions", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bac": "polynomial time", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bad": "the problem of squaring an integer can be reduced to the problem of multiplying two integers.", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bae": "the reduction process", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67baf": "the reduction process", + "56e1cbe2cd28a01900c67bb0": "the problem of multiplying two integers. This means an algorithm for multiplying two integers can be used to square an integer.", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a4": "the type of reduction being used", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a5": "the type of reduction", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a6": "solve any problem in C", + "56e1ce08e3433e14004231a8": "the set of problems that are hard for NP is the set of NP-hard problems.", + "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cb": "C.) Thus the class of NP-complete problems contains the most difficult problems in NP,", + "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cc": "C.", + "56e1d9fee3433e14004231cd": "no known polynomial-time solution for \u03a01.", + "56e1d9fee3433e14004231ce": "one of the hardest problems in C.", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bca": "the Cobham\u2013", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcb": "the Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcc": "the class NP.", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bcd": "the Boolean satisfiability problem, the Hamiltonian path problem and the vertex cover problem", + "56e1dc62cd28a01900c67bce": "the Cobham\u2013Edmonds thesis", + "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d5": "The question of whether P equals NP is one of the most important open questions in theoretical computer science because of the wide implications of a solution.", + "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d6": "The question of whether P equals NP is one of the most important open questions in theoretical computer science because of the wide implications of a solution.", + "56e1ddfce3433e14004231d8": "one of the Millennium Prize Problems proposed by the Clay Mathematics Institute", + "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd4": "Ladner", + "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd5": "the discrete logarithm problem and the integer factorization problem are examples of problems believed to be NP-intermediate.", + "56e1ded7cd28a01900c67bd6": "the discrete logarithm problem and the integer factorization problem", + "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fc": "the graph isomorphism problem", + "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fd": "the polynomial time hierarchy", + "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231fe": "the polynomial time hierarchy", + "56e1e9dfe3433e14004231ff": "its second level", + "56e1e9dfe3433e1400423200": "Laszlo Babai and Eugene Luks", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0a": "The integer factorization problem is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer.", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0b": "k", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0c": "the RSA algorithm", + "56e1ec83cd28a01900c67c0e": "the general number field sieve", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423210": "one class. Proving that any of these classes are unequal would be a major breakthrough in complexity theory.", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423211": "P and PSPACE, such as RP, BPP, PP, BQP, MA, PH,", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423212": "between P and PSPACE", + "56e1ee4de3433e1400423214": "P and PSPACE, such as RP, BPP, PP, BQP, MA, PH,", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321a": ") of NP problems.", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321b": ") of NP problems.", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321c": "has not yet been proven", + "56e1efa0e3433e140042321d": "two complexity classes are not equal then P is not equal to NP.", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423222": ", and it is not known if they are distinct or equal classes.", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423223": "are distinct or equal classes.", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423224": "many complexity classes", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423225": "it is not known if they are distinct or equal classes.", + "56e1f10ee3433e1400423226": "it is not known if they are distinct or equal classes.", + "56e1fc57e3433e140042322c": "intractable problems", + "56e1fc57e3433e140042322f": "a polynomial time algorithm", + "56e1fc57e3433e1400423230": ". Nevertheless, a polynomial time algorithm is not always practical.", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423236": "Presburger arithmetic", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423237": "algorithms have been written that solve the problem in reasonable times in most cases.", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423238": "the decision problem in Presburger arithmetic has been shown not to be in P,", + "56e1febfe3433e1400423239": "quadratic time", + "56e1febfe3433e140042323a": "intractability", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c14": "the definition of Turing machines", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c15": "Alan Turing", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c16": "the definition of Turing machines", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c17": "1936", + "56e200e4cd28a01900c67c18": "a computer", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423240": "Juris Hartmanis", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423241": "Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423242": "1965", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423243": "time and space complexity", + "56e202e9e3433e1400423244": "1965", + "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1e": "John Myhill", + "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c1f": "1961", + "56e2042ecd28a01900c67c20": "Hisao Yamada", + "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c24": "input encoding", + "56e20a27cd28a01900c67c25": "the choice of encoding", + "56e20a3ae3433e140042324a": "Manuel Blum", + "56e20a3ae3433e140042324b": "computational intractability", + "56e20a3ae3433e140042324d": "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", + "56e20a3ae3433e140042324e": "21", + "56e7477700c9c71400d76f23": "the curriculum", + "56e7477700c9c71400d76f24": "pedagogy", + "56e7477700c9c71400d76f25": "a university or college", + "56e7477700c9c71400d76f26": "a lesson plan", + "56e7477700c9c71400d76f27": "a university or college", + "56e748a200c9c71400d76f37": "cultures", + "56e748a200c9c71400d76f38": "literacy and numeracy", + "56e748a200c9c71400d76f39": "teacher's role may vary among cultures. Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts,", + "56e748a200c9c71400d76f3a": ".", + "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f51": "a teacher", + "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f52": "formal education", + "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f53": "formal education", + "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f54": "a transient or ongoing role", + "56e749dd00c9c71400d76f55": "a teacher", + "56e74af500c9c71400d76f65": ".", + "56e74af500c9c71400d76f66": "religious texts such as the Quran, Torah or Bible.", + "56e74af500c9c71400d76f67": ".", + "56e74af500c9c71400d76f68": "Religious and spiritual teachers", + "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e33": "homeschooling", + "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e34": "paid professionals", + "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e35": "paid professionals.", + "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e36": "the wider community", + "56e74bf937bdd419002c3e37": "paid professionals", + "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6e": "school functions", + "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f6f": "extracurricular activities", + "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f70": "extracurricular activities. In some education systems, teachers may have responsibility for student discipline.", + "56e74d1f00c9c71400d76f71": "teacher's professional duties may extend beyond formal teaching.", + "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f76": "standards of practice for the teaching profession.", + "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f77": "many governments operate teacher's colleges, which are generally established to serve and protect the public interest", + "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f78": "the public", + "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f79": "teachers", + "56e74e4800c9c71400d76f7a": "standards of practice", + "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f94": ".", + "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f95": "professional misconduct", + "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f96": "the college", + "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f97": "the State Board of Education", + "56e74faf00c9c71400d76f98": "the State Board of Education", + "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5b": "a school or academy or perhaps in another environment such as outdoors.", + "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5c": "a tutor", + "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5d": "outdoors.", + "56e7504437bdd419002c3e5e": "a tutor.", + "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa8": "teaching method to use teachers consider students' background knowledge, environment,", + "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fa9": "pedagogy", + "56e751fb00c9c71400d76faa": "The objective is typically accomplished through either an informal or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/", + "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fab": "technology", + "56e751fb00c9c71400d76fac": "objective is typically accomplished through either an informal or formal approach to learning, including a course of study and lesson plan that teaches skills, knowledge and/", + "56e7535037bdd419002c3e6f": ".", + "56e7535037bdd419002c3e70": "the relevant authority", + "56e7535037bdd419002c3e71": "learning disabilities", + "56e7535037bdd419002c3e72": ".", + "56e7535037bdd419002c3e73": "standardized curricula", + "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbc": "particular skills", + "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbd": "the pedagogy of the learners", + "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbe": "the pedagogy of the learners", + "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fbf": "the pedagogy of the learners", + "56e7542f00c9c71400d76fc0": "the pedagogy of the learners", + "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc6": "the relationship between teachers and children", + "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc7": "the whole curriculum", + "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc8": "subject specialists", + "56e7550700c9c71400d76fc9": "primary school and secondary school teaching is the relationship between teachers and children.", + "56e7550700c9c71400d76fca": "surrogate parent", + "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8b": "alternative approaches for primary education", + "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8c": "one class", + "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8d": "staying with the same group of peers", + "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8e": "knowledgeable", + "56e7560937bdd419002c3e8f": "the United States as well.", + "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e95": "a climate of learning", + "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e96": "two or more teachers", + "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e97": "social networking", + "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e98": "two or more teachers working harmoniously to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom.", + "56e756bc37bdd419002c3e99": "social networking support", + "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ea9": "corporal punishment", + "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eaa": "school discipline", + "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eab": "parental discipline", + "56e7578a37bdd419002c3eac": "the most common form of school discipline", + "56e7578a37bdd419002c3ead": "a substitute parent", + "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb3": "spanking or paddling", + "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb4": "the United States", + "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb5": "the United States", + "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb6": "a US Supreme Court", + "56e7586d37bdd419002c3eb7": "physical pain", + "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fec": "30", + "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fed": "in American schools", + "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fee": ",", + "56e7591b00c9c71400d76fef": "a specially made wooden paddle", + "56e7591b00c9c71400d76ff0": "the classroom or hallway, but nowadays the punishment is usually given privately in the principal's office.", + "56e759bb00c9c71400d77000": "caning", + "56e759bb00c9c71400d77001": "individual countries see School corporal punishment.", + "56e759bb00c9c71400d77002": "individual countries see School corporal punishment", + "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec7": "detention", + "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec8": "detention", + "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ec9": "at a given time in the school day", + "56e75a9037bdd419002c3eca": "a classroom and do work, write lines or a punishment essay, or sit quietly.", + "56e75a9037bdd419002c3ecb": "a punishment essay", + "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed1": "an assertive teacher", + "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed2": "immediate and fair punishment", + "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed3": ".", + "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed4": "sarcasm", + "56e75b8237bdd419002c3ed5": "reasonable discipline", + "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef5": "teachers and parents", + "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef6": "countries\u2014", + "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef7": "the weakness in school discipline", + "56e75d5037bdd419002c3ef8": "strict discipline", + "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702c": "Japan", + "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702d": "Japan", + "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702e": "Japan", + "56e75e4500c9c71400d7702f": "Japan, for example, although average attainment on standardized tests may exceed those in Western countries, classroom discipline and behavior is highly problematic.", + "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703a": "40 to 50 students, maintaining order in the classroom can divert the teacher from instruction,", + "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703b": "instruction", + "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703c": "motivated students", + "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703d": ", leaving little opportunity for concentration and focus on what is being taught.", + "56e75f5500c9c71400d7703e": "motivated students", + "56e7611500c9c71400d77054": "popularly based authority", + "56e7611500c9c71400d77055": "governments and schools alike. They also claim that in these schools the preservation of public order is easier and more efficient than anywhere else.", + "56e7611500c9c71400d77056": "community discipline", + "56e7611500c9c71400d77057": "community discipline", + "56e7611500c9c71400d77058": "rules and regulations", + "56e761d037bdd419002c3f13": "enthusiasm towards the course materials", + "56e761d037bdd419002c3f14": "a positive learning experience", + "56e761d037bdd419002c3f15": "teach by rote but attempt to find new invigoration for the course materials on a daily basis.", + "56e761d037bdd419002c3f17": "the course materials and students can affect a positive learning experience towards the course materials.", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77072": "teacher enthusiasm", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77073": "read lecture material", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77074": "teacher enthusiasm", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77075": "teacher enthusiasm and students' intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom. Controlled, experimental studies exploring intrinsic motivation", + "56e762fe00c9c71400d77076": "intrinsic motivation to learn and vitality in the classroom. Controlled, experimental studies exploring intrinsic motivation", + "56e763e800c9c71400d77086": "intrinsic motivation in the context of learning. Also, enthusiasm may act as a \"motivational embellishment\"", + "56e763e800c9c71400d77087": "teacher enthusiasm", + "56e763e800c9c71400d77088": "mere exposure", + "56e763e800c9c71400d77089": "teacher enthusiasm", + "56e764e200c9c71400d7708e": "personal and academic success than those without these teacher interactions", + "56e764e200c9c71400d7708f": "personal and academic success", + "56e764e200c9c71400d77090": "personal goals with his academic goals. Students who receive this positive influence show stronger self-", + "56e764e200c9c71400d77091": "aligning his personal goals with his academic goals", + "56e764e200c9c71400d77092": "student motivation", + "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a2": "supportive and effective teachers. Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation and decision making, allow humor into their classroom,", + "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a4": "supportive and effective teachers. Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation and decision making, allow humor into their classroom,", + "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a5": "interacting and working directly with students", + "56e765ba00c9c71400d770a6": "supportive and effective teachers. Effective teachers have been shown to invite student participation and decision making, allow humor into their classroom,", + "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f49": "enthusiasm about the subject matter", + "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4a": "teacher enthusiasm", + "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4b": "a spark of excitement in the student as well. An enthusiastic teacher has the ability to be very influential in the young students life.", + "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4c": "a spark of excitement in the student as well. An enthusiastic teacher has the ability to be very influential in the young students life.", + "56e7667e37bdd419002c3f4d": "enthusiasm", + "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f53": "sexual misconduct", + "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f54": "9", + "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f55": "the United States", + "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f56": ".", + "56e7673a37bdd419002c3f57": "the American Association of University Women", + "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ca": "teachers. It is important to note,", + "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cb": "sexual abuse with a professional,\" not necessarily a teacher.", + "56e7683d00c9c71400d770cd": "fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency and included only abuses by teachers.", + "56e7683d00c9c71400d770ce": "fourteen types of sexual harassment and various degrees of frequency and included only abuses by teachers.", + "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f67": ".", + "56e768ce37bdd419002c3f69": "teacher misconduct", + "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e8": ".", + "56e769dc00c9c71400d770e9": "Chris Keates", + "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ea": "child protection and parental rights groups", + "56e769dc00c9c71400d770eb": "a shortage of male teachers", + "56e769dc00c9c71400d770ec": "the sex offenders register", + "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f75": "occupational stress", + "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f76": "organizational change", + "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f77": "occupational burnout", + "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f78": "occupational stress", + "56e76abf37bdd419002c3f79": "in their line of work", + "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f7f": "42", + "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f80": "occupational stress", + "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f81": "occupational stress", + "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f82": "2012 study found that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression,", + "56e76b8337bdd419002c3f83": "average workers", + "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710e": "occupational hazards of teaching. Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring, changing the work environment,", + "56e76c6a00c9c71400d7710f": "mentoring", + "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77110": "counseling, are also used to relieve occupational stress among teachers.", + "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77111": "the occupational hazards of teaching", + "56e76c6a00c9c71400d77112": "occupational hazards of teaching. Organizational interventions, like changing teachers' schedules, providing support networks and mentoring, changing the work environment,", + "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f93": "a university or college. Governments may require certification by a recognized body before they can teach in a school.", + "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f94": "a background check and psychiatric evaluation to be able to teach in classroom.", + "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f95": "elementary school education certificate", + "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f96": "a background check and psychiatric evaluation", + "56e76d6537bdd419002c3f97": "a background check and psychiatric evaluation", + "56e76de800c9c71400d77122": "the individual states and territories", + "56e76de800c9c71400d77123": "three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (secondary schools/high schools)", + "56e76de800c9c71400d77124": "education in Australia follows the three-tier model which includes primary education (primary schools), followed by secondary education (secondary schools/high schools)", + "56e76de800c9c71400d77125": "universities and/or TAFE colleges).", + "56e76de800c9c71400d77126": "primary education", + "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9d": "a Bachelor of Education is required to become a qualified teacher.", + "56e76ea737bdd419002c3f9e": "a Bachelor of Education", + "56e76ea737bdd419002c3fa1": "the private sector", + "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712c": "civil servants", + "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712d": "Germany", + "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712e": "Grundschule", + "56e76f7000c9c71400d7712f": "salary index scale", + "56e76f7000c9c71400d77130": "Gymnasium)", + "56e7714a00c9c71400d77137": "basic pay", + "56e7714a00c9c71400d77138": "experience and qualifications. Extra pay is also given for teaching through the Irish language,", + "56e7714a00c9c71400d77139": "basic pay", + "56e7714a00c9c71400d7713a": "many years experience and several qualifications (M.A., H.Dip.,", + "56e7721500c9c71400d77140": "the Teaching Council", + "56e7721500c9c71400d77141": "Section 30 of the Teaching Council Act 2001", + "56e7721500c9c71400d77142": "2001", + "56e7721500c9c71400d77143": "Oireachtas funds", + "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbb": "2006", + "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbc": "new entrants to the teaching profession.", + "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbe": "Garda vetting", + "56e772bf37bdd419002c3fbf": "those who refuse vetting \"cannot be appointed or engaged by the school in any capacity including in a voluntary role\"", + "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714a": "September 2007,", + "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714b": "experience and extra responsibilities", + "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714c": "\u00a32", + "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714d": "a bachelor's degree, complete an approved teacher education program,", + "56e773fa00c9c71400d7714e": "September 2007", + "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd5": "alternative licensing programs to attract people into teaching, especially for hard-to-fill positions. Excellent job opportunities", + "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd6": "teachers", + "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd7": "geographic area and subject taught", + "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd8": "job opportunities", + "56e7752337bdd419002c3fd9": "secondary school teachers", + "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715c": "the General Teaching Council for Scotland", + "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715d": "Teaching in Scotland is an all graduate profession and the normal route for graduates wishing to teach is to complete a programme of Initial Teacher Education (ITE)", + "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715e": "seven Scottish Universities", + "56e775ec00c9c71400d7715f": "registered with the General Teaching Council for Scotland", + "56e775ec00c9c71400d77160": "a year", + "56e7770037bdd419002c3fdf": "April 2008", + "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe0": "a salary", + "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe1": "\u00a332,583 after 6 years teaching,", + "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe2": "teaching", + "56e7770037bdd419002c3fe3": "trade unions", + "56e777e500c9c71400d77176": "Education in Wales", + "56e777e500c9c71400d77177": "the medium of Welsh", + "56e777e500c9c71400d77178": "the age of 16", + "56e777e500c9c71400d77179": "22 per cent", + "56e777e500c9c71400d7717a": "all age groups", + "56e7788200c9c71400d77180": "trade unions", + "56e7788200c9c71400d77181": "reports in recent years", + "56e7788200c9c71400d77182": "2005 and 2010", + "56e7788200c9c71400d77183": "trade unions such as ATL, NUT or NASUWT and reports in recent years suggest that the average age of teachers in Wales", + "56e7788200c9c71400d77184": "the average age of teachers in Wales is falling with teachers being younger than in previous years.", + "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffd": "each state", + "56e7796637bdd419002c3ffe": "ten years", + "56e7796637bdd419002c3fff": "a license to teach", + "56e7796637bdd419002c4000": "the state in which they teach. Many charter schools do not require that their teachers be certified,", + "56e7796637bdd419002c4001": "No Child Left Behind", + "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718a": "low salaries", + "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718b": "the average teacher salary", + "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718c": "monetary compensation, public school teachers may also enjoy greater benefits (like health insurance)", + "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718d": "elementary school teachers had the lowest median salary earning $39,259. High school teachers had the highest median salary earning $41,855.", + "56e77a8700c9c71400d7718e": "TeachersPayTeachers", + "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77194": ", with a heavy emphasis placed on heavy reading and personal, Spirit-enlightened interpretation of the Holy Bible.", + "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77196": "the Roman Church", + "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77197": "a Confessor", + "56e77b8c00c9c71400d77198": ", with a heavy emphasis placed on heavy reading and personal, Spirit-enlightened interpretation of the Holy Bible.", + "56e77c6737bdd419002c401d": "the LDS Church", + "56e77c6737bdd419002c401e": "many individuals in the LDS Church, often a trusted friend, who may hold any office, from Elder to Bishop, or no office at all.", + "56e77c6737bdd419002c401f": "spiritual mentorship", + "56e77c6737bdd419002c4020": "the husband and father", + "56e77c6737bdd419002c4021": "the father of the house", + "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a8": "a guru", + "56e77cee00c9c71400d771a9": "the emphasis on spiritual mentorship is extremely high", + "56e77cee00c9c71400d771aa": "their disciples", + "56e77cee00c9c71400d771ab": "the emphasis on spiritual mentorship is extremely high, with gurus often exercising a great deal of control over the lives of their disciples.", + "56e77da237bdd419002c403b": "a Lama", + "56e77da237bdd419002c403c": "phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn, often many times, in order to continue their Bodhisattva vow", + "56e77da237bdd419002c403d": "phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn,", + "56e77da237bdd419002c403e": "phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn, often many times", + "56e77da237bdd419002c403f": "phowa and siddhi", + "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b0": "the teachers at madrassas)", + "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b1": "the teachers", + "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b2": "Sufism", + "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b3": "the position of spiritual teacher", + "56e77e4a00c9c71400d771b4": "a Qutb", + "56f7c651aef2371900625bf5": "a German", + "56f7c651aef2371900625bf6": "18 February 1546", + "56f7c651aef2371900625bf7": "Pope Leo X", + "56f7c651aef2371900625bf8": "Martin Luther", + "56f7c651aef2371900625bf9": "Pope Leo X", + "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727a": "faith in Jesus Christ", + "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727b": "faith in Jesus Christ", + "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727c": "the Pope", + "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727d": "the Bible", + "56f7c8aba6d7ea1400e1727e": "a holy priesthood", + "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17284": "the Bible", + "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17285": "the art of translation,", + "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17286": "the Tyndale Bible", + "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17287": "the church and German culture", + "56f7cb10a6d7ea1400e17288": "the practice of clerical marriage", + "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728e": "10 November 1483", + "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e1728f": "Eisleben", + "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17290": "the Holy Roman Empire", + "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17291": "a Catholic", + "56f7cdc2a6d7ea1400e17292": "a lawyer", + "56f7e9caaef2371900625c56": "the University of Erfurt", + "56f7e9caaef2371900625c57": "a beerhouse and whorehouse.", + "56f7e9caaef2371900625c58": "four", + "56f7e9caaef2371900625c59": "rote learning", + "56f7e9caaef2371900625c5a": "1505", + "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cd": "law school", + "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172ce": "uncertainty", + "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172cf": "theology and philosophy", + "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d0": "Bartholomaeus Arnoldi von Usingen and Jodocus Trutfetter", + "56f7eba8a6d7ea1400e172d1": "men and institutions", + "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d7": "death and divine judgment", + "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d8": "17 July 1505", + "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172d9": "the Black Cloister", + "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172da": "the deaths of two friends", + "56f7eddca6d7ea1400e172db": "education", + "56f7ef96aef2371900625c74": "repentance", + "56f7ef96aef2371900625c75": "Johann von Staupitz", + "56f7ef96aef2371900625c76": "spiritual despair", + "56f7ef96aef2371900625c77": "Johann von Staupitz", + "56f7ef96aef2371900625c78": "a change of heart", + "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172eb": "1507", + "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ec": "von Staupitz", + "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ed": "1507", + "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ee": "9 March 1508", + "56f7f15aa6d7ea1400e172ef": "Peter Lombard", + "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb0": "19 October 1512", + "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb1": "21 October 1512", + "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb2": "Doctor in Bible", + "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb3": "the University of Wittenberg", + "56f7f2e0aef2371900625cb4": "Doctor of Theology", + "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17367": "1516", + "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17368": "the Roman Catholic Church", + "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e17369": "Roman Catholic theology", + "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736a": "charity and good works (fides caritate formata). The benefits of good works could be obtained by donating money to the church.", + "56f7fde8a6d7ea1400e1736b": "charity and good works", + "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5e": "31 October 1517", + "56f7ffadaef2371900625d5f": "Albert of Mainz", + "56f7ffadaef2371900625d60": "a scholarly objection to church practices", + "56f7ffadaef2371900625d61": "Hans Hillerbrand", + "56f7ffadaef2371900625d62": "Thesis 86", + "56f80143aef2371900625d68": "Johann Tetzel", + "56f80143aef2371900625d69": "Johann Tetzel", + "56f80143aef2371900625d6a": "Luther", + "56f80143aef2371900625d6b": "Johann Tetzel", + "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17377": "God", + "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17378": "forgiveness", + "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e17379": "indulgences", + "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737a": "indulgences", + "56f802c6a6d7ea1400e1737b": "Christ", + "56f8046faef2371900625d71": "Tetzel", + "56f8046faef2371900625d72": "his capacity to exaggerate", + "56f8046faef2371900625d73": "indulgences for the dead", + "56f8046faef2371900625d74": "indulgences for the living", + "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17387": "the story of the posting on the door", + "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17388": "the story of the posting on the door", + "56f80604a6d7ea1400e17389": "Philipp Melanchthon", + "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738a": "Wittenberg", + "56f80604a6d7ea1400e1738b": "Philipp Melanchthon", + "56f8074faef2371900625d79": "January 1518", + "56f8074faef2371900625d7a": "the printing press", + "56f8074faef2371900625d7b": "friends of Luther", + "56f8074faef2371900625d7c": "two weeks", + "56f8074faef2371900625d7d": "two months", + "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17391": "1519", + "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17392": "Students", + "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17393": "creative", + "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17394": "1520", + "56f8094aa6d7ea1400e17395": "On the Freedom of a Christian", + "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739b": ",", + "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739c": "the doctrine of justification", + "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739d": "the doctrine of justification", + "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739e": "several of the central truths of Christianity", + "56f80ad1a6d7ea1400e1739f": "the doctrine of justification", + "56f80ccfaef2371900625d83": "God", + "56f80ccfaef2371900625d84": "1525", + "56f80ccfaef2371900625d85": "a gift from God", + "56f80ccfaef2371900625d86": "the Smalcald Articles", + "56f80ccfaef2371900625d87": "faith alone", + "56f80e1daef2371900625d8d": "Luther", + "56f80e1daef2371900625d8e": "Luther", + "56f80e1daef2371900625d8f": "two points that became the foundation for the Reformation. His railing against the sale of indulgences", + "56f80e1daef2371900625d90": "two points", + "56f80fdfaef2371900625d95": "Archbishop Albrecht", + "56f80fdfaef2371900625d96": "Rome", + "56f80fdfaef2371900625d97": "a papal dispensation", + "56f80fdfaef2371900625d98": "one half", + "56f80fdfaef2371900625d99": "December 1517", + "56f811bdaef2371900625d9f": "Pope Leo X", + "56f811bdaef2371900625da0": "Sylvester Mazzolini", + "56f811bdaef2371900625da1": "October 1518", + "56f811bdaef2371900625da2": "the 95 Theses", + "56f811bdaef2371900625da3": "Cardinal Cajetan", + "56f81393aef2371900625da9": "January 1519", + "56f81393aef2371900625daa": "remain silent", + "56f81393aef2371900625dab": "Johann Eck", + "56f81393aef2371900625dac": "Matthew 16", + "56f81393aef2371900625dad": "Jan Hus", + "56f81537aef2371900625db3": "June 1520", + "56f81537aef2371900625db4": "Pope Leo X on 3 January 1521, in the bull Decet Romanum Pontificem.", + "56f81537aef2371900625db5": "60 days", + "56f81537aef2371900625db6": "Pope Leo X", + "56f81537aef2371900625db7": "3 January 1521", + "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f1": "the Diet of Worms", + "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f2": "18 April 1521", + "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f3": "a general assembly of the estates of the Holy Roman Empire", + "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f4": "Emperor Charles V", + "56f8225ea6d7ea1400e173f5": "Prince Frederick III", + "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fb": "Johann Eck", + "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fc": "the Archbishop of Trier", + "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fd": "the second question", + "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173fe": "the next day", + "56f82454a6d7ea1400e173ff": "Johann Eck", + "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17415": "the traditional salute", + "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17416": "the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout", + "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17417": "Michael Mullett", + "56f82549a6d7ea1400e17418": "the traditional salute of a knight winning a bout.", + "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17427": "his writings", + "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17428": "Luther", + "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e17429": "Luther refused to recant his writings. He is sometimes also quoted as saying: \"Here I stand.", + "56f826a7a6d7ea1400e1742a": "the more dramatic form of words", + "56f827caa6d7ea1400e17439": "the Edict of Worms", + "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743a": "25 May 1521", + "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743b": "The Emperor", + "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743c": "the Edict of Worms", + "56f827caa6d7ea1400e1743d": "the Edict of Worms", + "56f82989aef2371900625e6b": "the Wartburg Castle at Eisenach. During his stay at Wartburg, which he referred to as \"my Patmos\"", + "56f82989aef2371900625e6c": "Wartburg Castle", + "56f82989aef2371900625e6d": "Eisenach", + "56f82989aef2371900625e6e": "the New Testament", + "56f82989aef2371900625e6f": "Frederick III", + "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17457": ", and rejoice in Christ who is the victor over sin, death,", + "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17458": "this work", + "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e17459": "1 August 1521", + "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745a": "trust in Christ", + "56f82b25a6d7ea1400e1745b": "Melanchthon on the same theme: \"Be a sinner, and let your sins be strong,", + "56f84485aef2371900625f71": "the summer of 1521", + "56f84485aef2371900625f72": "On the Abrogation of the Private Mass", + "56f84485aef2371900625f73": "a gift", + "56f84485aef2371900625f74": "private confession and absolution", + "56f84485aef2371900625f75": "The Judgement of Martin Luther on Monastic Vows", + "56f845dba6d7ea1400e17519": "1521", + "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751a": "1521", + "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751b": "prophecy", + "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751c": "the prophecy of the Little Horn", + "56f845dba6d7ea1400e1751d": "the power of the Papacy.", + "56f84760aef2371900625f81": "Gabriel Zwilling", + "56f84760aef2371900625f82": "December 1521", + "56f84760aef2371900625f83": "disturbances", + "56f84760aef2371900625f84": "Martin Luther", + "56f84760aef2371900625f85": "the town council", + "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e1752f": "6 March 1522", + "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17530": "eight sermons", + "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17531": "eight sermons", + "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17532": "Invocavit Sermons", + "56f848e0a6d7ea1400e17533": "eight sermons, which became known as the \"Invocavit Sermons\"", + "56f84a60aef2371900625f9d": "immediate. After the sixth sermon", + "56f84a60aef2371900625f9e": "Jerome Schurf", + "56f84a60aef2371900625f9f": "Jerome Schurf", + "56f84a60aef2371900625fa0": "the sixth sermon, the Wittenberg jurist Jerome Schurf wrote to the elector", + "56f84a60aef2371900625fa1": "misguided people", + "56f84b68aef2371900625fa7": "public order", + "56f84b68aef2371900625fa8": "a conservative force within the Reformation. After banishing the Zwickau prophets", + "56f84b68aef2371900625fa9": "the Zwickau prophets", + "56f84b68aef2371900625faa": "social unrest", + "56f84b68aef2371900625fab": "the Zwickau prophets", + "56f84d33aef2371900625fb1": "Zwickau prophet", + "56f84d33aef2371900625fb2": "the German Peasants' War of 1524\u201325", + "56f84d33aef2371900625fb3": "1524", + "56f84d33aef2371900625fb4": "radicalism", + "56f84d33aef2371900625fb5": "the upper classes", + "56f84e63aef2371900625fc1": "the temporal authorities", + "56f84e63aef2371900625fc2": "Thuringia", + "56f84e63aef2371900625fc3": "mad dogs", + "56f84e63aef2371900625fc4": "the Twelve Articles", + "56f84e63aef2371900625fc5": "the nobles", + "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754b": "three grounds", + "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754c": "blasphemy for calling themselves \"Christian brethren\"", + "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754d": "God and Empire\", so they deserved \"death in body and soul,", + "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754e": "the Divine Right of Kings", + "56f8507fa6d7ea1400e1754f": "death in body and soul", + "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755d": "the Reformation", + "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755e": "the Swabian League", + "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e1755f": "15 May 1525", + "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17560": "the Battle of Frankenhausen", + "56f851b1a6d7ea1400e17561": "the secular powers", + "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756d": "Katharina von Bora", + "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756e": "Katharina von Bora", + "56f852fba6d7ea1400e1756f": "26 years old", + "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17570": "41 years old", + "56f852fba6d7ea1400e17571": "April 1523", + "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17577": "13 June 1525", + "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17578": "13 June 1525", + "56f8541da6d7ea1400e17579": "the wedding banquet", + "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757a": "27 June", + "56f8541da6d7ea1400e1757b": "Johannes Bugenhagen", + "56f855caaef2371900625ff3": "clerical marriage", + "56f855caaef2371900625ff4": "clerical marriage", + "56f855caaef2371900625ff5": "Biblical grounds", + "56f855caaef2371900625ff6": "vows of celibacy", + "56f855caaef2371900625ff7": "clerical marriage", + "56f8575aaef2371900625ffd": "1525", + "56f8575aaef2371900625ffe": "a former monastery", + "56f8575aaef2371900625fff": "six", + "56f8575aaef2371900626000": "Croesus", + "56f8575aaef2371900626001": "farming the land", + "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175af": "choosing their own ministers", + "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b0": "a supervisory church body", + "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b1": "two catechisms", + "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b2": "two catechisms", + "56f8599aa6d7ea1400e175b3": "a theology of the cross", + "56f85bb8aef237190062600f": "extreme change", + "56f85bb8aef2371900626010": "the Electorate of Saxony", + "56f85bb8aef2371900626011": "secular leadership and funds on behalf of a church largely shorn of its assets and income after the break with Rome.", + "56f85bb8aef2371900626012": "John the Steadfast", + "56f85bb8aef2371900626013": "questionable and originally unintended development towards a church government under the temporal sovereign", + "56f85cf0aef2371900626019": "1526", + "56f85cf0aef237190062601a": "the Latin Mass", + "56f85cf0aef237190062601b": "the simple people", + "56f85cf0aef237190062601c": "the liturgy", + "56f85cf0aef237190062601d": "freedom of ceremony", + "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c3": "1527", + "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c4": "the Electorate of Saxony", + "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c5": "pastoral care and Christian education", + "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c6": "Christian doctrine", + "56f85e71a6d7ea1400e175c7": "teaching", + "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cd": "the catechism", + "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175ce": "1529", + "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175cf": "pastors and teachers", + "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d0": "the people", + "56f86680a6d7ea1400e175d1": "questions and answers", + "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d7": "The Small Catechism", + "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d8": "The Small Catechism", + "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175d9": "The Small Catechism", + "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175da": "The Small Catechism", + "56f867e3a6d7ea1400e175db": "The Small Catechism", + "56f86966aef2371900626053": "the Lutheran catechical teaching.", + "56f86966aef2371900626054": "catechical teaching", + "56f86966aef2371900626055": "German", + "56f86966aef2371900626056": "Trinitarian language.", + "56f86966aef2371900626057": "the three persons of the Trinity, each of which works in the catechumen's life.", + "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f5": "1522", + "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f6": "1534", + "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f7": "the Bible", + "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f8": "faith alone justifies \u2013", + "56f86b44a6d7ea1400e175f9": "faith alone", + "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17605": "German", + "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17606": "northern and southern Germans", + "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17607": "northern and southern Germans", + "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17608": "impediments and difficulties so that other people may read it without hindrance.", + "56f86d30a6d7ea1400e17609": "impediments and difficulties", + "56f86e91aef2371900626067": "the German language", + "56f86e91aef2371900626068": "The Luther Bible", + "56f86e91aef2371900626069": "the evolution of the German language and literature", + "56f86e91aef237190062606a": "Lucas Cranach", + "56f86e91aef237190062606b": "William Tyndale", + "56f87000aef2371900626071": "\"), based on Luke 2:11\u2013", + "56f87000aef2371900626072": "high art and folk music", + "56f87000aef2371900626073": "the singing of German hymns", + "56f87000aef2371900626074": "a lute", + "56f87000aef2371900626075": "the waldzither", + "56f8720eaef237190062608f": "particular events in his life", + "56f8720eaef2371900626090": "Luther to write the hymn \"Ein neues Lied wir heben an\" (\"A new song we raise\")", + "56f8720eaef2371900626091": "\")", + "56f8720eaef2371900626092": "John C", + "56f8720eaef2371900626093": "the title and first line", + "56f87392aef2371900626099": "1524", + "56f87392aef237190062609a": "the Small Catechism", + "56f87392aef237190062609b": ", and 20th-century Lutherans rarely use the hymn because of the perceived difficulty of its tune.", + "56f87392aef237190062609c": "an earlier German creedal hymn", + "56f87392aef237190062609d": "the perceived difficulty of its tune", + "56f87531a6d7ea1400e1766f": "1538", + "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17670": "the Small Catechism", + "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17671": "catechism questions", + "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17672": "multiple revisions", + "56f87531a6d7ea1400e17673": "an appropriately prayerful tune", + "56f87760aef23719006260cc": "1523", + "56f87760aef23719006260cd": "essential Reformation doctrine", + "56f87760aef23719006260ce": "essential Reformation doctrine", + "56f87760aef23719006260cf": "the Achtliederbuch", + "56f87760aef23719006260d0": "essential Reformation doctrine", + "56f879bdaef23719006260de": "Veni redemptor gentium, became the main hymn (Hauptlied) for Advent.", + "56f879bdaef23719006260df": "Veni redemptor gentium", + "56f879bdaef23719006260e0": "a paraphrase of Nunc dimittis, was intended for Purification,", + "56f879bdaef23719006260e1": "two hymns on the Ten Commandments, \"Dies sind die heilgen Zehn Gebot\"", + "56f879bdaef23719006260e2": "the German Te Deum", + "56f87e95aef237190062610a": "baptismal theology", + "56f87e95aef237190062610b": "Johann Walter", + "56f87e95aef237190062610c": "baptismal theology", + "56f87e95aef237190062610d": "Wolf Heintz", + "56f87e95aef237190062610e": "Wolf Heintz", + "56f88025aef237190062611e": "early Lutheran hymnals", + "56f88025aef237190062611f": "eight songs of the First Lutheran hymnal Achtliederbuch, 18 of 26 songs of the Erfurt Enchiridion,", + "56f88025aef2371900626120": "26 songs of the Erfurt Enchiridion,", + "56f88025aef2371900626121": "32 songs", + "56f88025aef2371900626122": "32 songs in the first choral hymnal with settings by Johann Walter", + "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f3": "Johann Sebastian Bach", + "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f4": "chorale cantatas", + "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f5": "Johann Sebastian Bach", + "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f6": "Johann Sebastian Bach", + "56f881e3a6d7ea1400e176f7": "1735", + "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fd": "sleep in peace", + "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176fe": "the idea of torments for the saints", + "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e176ff": "the existence of Purgatory, which involved Christian souls undergoing penitential suffering after death.", + "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17700": "the idea of torments for the saints", + "56f8837aa6d7ea1400e17701": "their graves and in heaven.\"", + "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17707": "Franz Pieper", + "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17708": "Johann Gerhard", + "56f884cba6d7ea1400e17709": "Franz Pieper", + "56f884cba6d7ea1400e1770a": "1755", + "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17723": "Genesis", + "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17724": "Francis Blackburne", + "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17725": "Francis Blackburne", + "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17726": "Gottfried Fritschel", + "56f88690a6d7ea1400e17727": "dreams", + "56f88c37aef2371900626176": "the Marburg Colloquy", + "56f88c37aef2371900626177": "Landgrave of Hesse", + "56f88c37aef2371900626178": "doctrinal unity", + "56f88c37aef2371900626179": "fourteen", + "56f88c37aef237190062617a": "the nature of the Eucharist", + "56f88eafaef2371900626194": "one", + "56f88eafaef2371900626195": "God", + "56f88eafaef2371900626196": "the sacramental union", + "56f88eafaef2371900626197": "the significance of the words spoken by Jesus at the Last Supper: \"This is my body which is for you\"", + "56f88eafaef2371900626198": "the debate", + "56f8907faef23719006261b2": "1530", + "56f8907faef23719006261b3": "the Marburg Colloquy", + "56f8907faef23719006261b4": "the Schmalkaldic League", + "56f8907faef23719006261b5": "The Swiss cities", + "56f8907faef23719006261b6": "George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach. The Swiss cities, however, did not sign these agreements.", + "56f895339e9bad19000a0177": "both faith and reason,", + "56f895339e9bad19000a0178": "none other than reason", + "56f895339e9bad19000a0179": "Bernhard Lohse", + "56f895339e9bad19000a017a": "human reason", + "56f895339e9bad19000a017b": "the separate spheres of knowledge", + "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5d": "Jesus Christ was born a Jew", + "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5e": "the Jews", + "56f897059b226e1400dd0c5f": "the Jews", + "56f897059b226e1400dd0c60": "the Anabaptists", + "56f897059b226e1400dd0c61": "1543", + "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a5": "his doctrine of the two kingdoms", + "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a6": "the Siege of Vienna", + "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a7": "the Biblical apocalypse that would destroy the antichrist, whom Luther believed to be the papacy, and the Roman Church.", + "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a8": "Suleiman the Magnificent", + "56f8989f9e9bad19000a01a9": "a secular war against the Turks. He made clear,", + "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9d": "a Latin translation", + "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9e": "critical pamphlets on Islam, which he called \"Mohammedanism\" or \"the Turk\".", + "56f89a959b226e1400dd0c9f": "Luther read a Latin translation of the Qur'an.", + "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca0": "Mohammedanism", + "56f89a959b226e1400dd0ca1": "one", + "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022b": "a sermon in which he claimed that God's gospel, not God's moral law (the Ten Commandments)", + "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022c": "Johannes Agricola", + "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022d": "Johannes Agricola", + "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022e": "six series of theses", + "56f8a2969e9bad19000a022f": "On the Councils and the Church from the same year.", + "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0251": "one", + "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0252": "Luther", + "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0253": "one hand, what has been called the \"second use of the law,\"", + "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0254": "the accusing law", + "56f8a4e99e9bad19000a0255": "the Ten Commandments", + "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025b": "the natural law", + "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025c": "the natural law", + "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025d": "the Ten Commandments", + "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025e": "nothing more than an illustration of the Ten Commandments", + "56f8a6969e9bad19000a025f": "the Ten Commandments", + "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da7": "the sacrament of baptism", + "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da8": "the Ten Commandments", + "56f8aa749b226e1400dd0da9": "the sacrament of baptism", + "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02b9": "confessional advice", + "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02ba": "Melanchthon and Bucer among the witnesses. However, Philip was unable to keep the marriage secret,", + "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bb": "Margarethe von der Saale", + "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bc": "Martin Brecht, \"giving confessional advice for Philip of Hesse", + "56f8ac579e9bad19000a02bd": "one of the worst mistakes Luther made,", + "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02eb": "the murder of Christ", + "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ec": "the Jews", + "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ed": "the murder of Christ", + "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ee": "the divinity of Jesus", + "56f8ae099e9bad19000a02ef": "kindness toward the Jews in That Jesus Christ was Born a Jew and also aimed to convert them to Christianity.", + "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e05": "Von den Juden und Ihren L\u00fc", + "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e06": "1543", + "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e07": "1543", + "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e08": "the chosen people", + "56f8afbc9b226e1400dd0e09": "a sanction for murder", + "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3b": "the Jews", + "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3c": "Martin Luther", + "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3d": "Martin Luther\u2014may his body and soul be bound up in hell!\u2014", + "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3e": "Martin Luther", + "56f8b2499b226e1400dd0e3f": "the 1580s", + "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e75": "Luther was the most widely read author of his generation,", + "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e76": "his writings", + "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e77": "antisemitism", + "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e78": "Reinhold Lewin", + "56f8b4d79b226e1400dd0e79": "in 1937", + "56f8b7189e9bad19000a0389": "17 December 1941", + "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038a": "Martin Sasse", + "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038b": "Bishop Martin Sasse", + "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038c": "Bishop Martin Sasse", + "56f8b7189e9bad19000a038d": "the greatest antisemite", + "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03bf": "Johannes Wallmann", + "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c0": "a racial ideology", + "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c1": "the modern hatred of the Jews", + "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c2": "the 18th and 19th centuries", + "56f8b9839e9bad19000a03c3": "On the Jews and Their Lies", + "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03db": "their violence", + "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dc": "Paul Rose", + "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03dd": "hysterical and demonizing mentality", + "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03de": "Luther and the Protestant Church in Nazi Germany (2012)", + "56f8bbb09e9bad19000a03df": "Luther and the Protestant Church in Nazi Germany (2012)", + "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eed": "a declining state of mind", + "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eee": "his health", + "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0eef": "vulgarity and violence", + "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef0": "the Jews", + "56f8bd509b226e1400dd0ef1": "Mark U. Edwards in his book Luther's Last Battles: Politics and Polemics 1531\u2013", + "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f35": "the 1980s", + "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f36": "Strommen et al", + "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f37": "Professor Richard (Dick) Geary", + "56f8c0cd9b226e1400dd0f38": "1928", + "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f45": "ill health", + "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f46": "the bigamy of the Philip of Hesse incident", + "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f47": "ill health", + "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f48": "ill health", + "56f8c2ee9b226e1400dd0f49": "angina", + "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f61": "poor physical health", + "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f62": "his writings", + "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f63": "his writings and comments", + "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f64": "Katharina", + "56f8c43d9b226e1400dd0f65": "three times", + "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7d": "Eisleben", + "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7e": "15 February 1546", + "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f7f": "the Jews", + "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f80": "Eisleben", + "56f8c5909b226e1400dd0f81": "Christian love", + "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a0": "Mansfeld", + "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a1": "negotiations for a settlement", + "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a2": "1545", + "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a3": "early 1546", + "56f8c7029e9bad19000a04a4": "Count Albrecht", + "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c6": "17 February 1546", + "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c7": "chest pains", + "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c8": "Jesus Christ", + "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04c9": "the common prayer of the dying", + "56f8c8469e9bad19000a04ca": "17 February 1546", + "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e0": "apoplectic stroke", + "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e1": "18 February 1546", + "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e2": "18 February 1546", + "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e3": "the Castle Church in Wittenberg", + "56f8c9719e9bad19000a04e4": "Johannes Bugenhagen", + "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1007": "his last statement", + "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1008": "Latin", + "56f8ca289b226e1400dd1009": "Latin", + "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0514": "woodcuts", + "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0515": "frail Catholic saints, Luther was presented as a stout man with a \"double chin, strong mouth, piercing deep-", + "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0516": "printed images of Luther that emphasized his monumental size", + "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0517": "the medieval religious orders", + "56f8cc399e9bad19000a0518": "the 1530s and 1540s", + "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103d": "18 February", + "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103e": "the Lutheran Calendar of Saints", + "56f8ce779b226e1400dd103f": "31 October", + "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1040": "31 October", + "56f8ce779b226e1400dd1041": "18 February", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d4": "SoCal", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d5": "10 counties", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d6": "demographics and economic ties: Imperial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara,", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d7": "demographics and economic ties", + "5705e26d75f01819005e76d8": "historical political divisions", + "5705e33f52bb89140068964c": "Southern California Megaregion", + "5705e33f52bb89140068964d": "11 megaregions", + "5705e33f52bb89140068964e": "California", + "5705e33f52bb89140068964f": "the Mexican border", + "5705e33f52bb891400689650": "Tijuana", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966a": "the Pacific coast", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966b": "seven metropolitan areas", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966c": "over 12 million inhabitants", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966d": "the Los Angeles area with over 12 million inhabitants, the Riverside-San Bernardino area with over four million inhabitants,", + "5705e3f252bb89140068966e": "22 million people", + "5705e4fe75f01819005e7704": "the Colorado River", + "5705e4fe75f01819005e7705": "the Colorado Desert", + "5705e4fe75f01819005e7706": "the Mojave Desert", + "5705e4fe75f01819005e7707": "the Mexico\u2013United States border", + "5705e63175f01819005e7720": "southern California", + "5705e63175f01819005e7721": "621, Los Angeles is the most populous city in California and the second most populous in the United States.", + "5705e63175f01819005e7722": "Los Angeles", + "5705e63175f01819005e7723": "San Diego", + "5705e63175f01819005e7724": "the south", + "5705e99452bb891400689688": "Los Angeles", + "5705e99452bb891400689689": "the United States", + "5705e99452bb89140068968a": "five most populous in the state and all are in the top 15 most populous counties in the United States", + "5705e99452bb89140068968b": ",", + "5705e99452bb89140068968c": ".", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7764": "Hollywood", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7765": "Los Angeles", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7766": "The Walt Disney Company", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7767": ",", + "5705eb3375f01819005e7768": "Sony Pictures", + "5705ec1675f01819005e776e": "surf and skateboard culture", + "5705ec1675f01819005e776f": "Tony Hawk", + "5705ec1675f01819005e7770": "Shaun White", + "5705ec1675f01819005e7771": "the island of Oahu", + "5705ec1675f01819005e7772": "Transpacific Yacht Race", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896b8": "Palm Springs", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896b9": "popular beaches", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896ba": "southern California", + "5705eccb52bb8914006896bb": "nearby open spaces", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896ca": "Point Conception", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896cb": "11 miles (18 km) south of San Jose;", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896cc": "ten", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896cd": "the Tehachapi Mountains", + "5705edcd52bb8914006896ce": "Point Conception and the Tehachapi Mountains", + "5705eee952bb8914006896de": "Mexico", + "5705eee952bb8914006896df": "Alta California", + "5705eee952bb8914006896e0": "Monterey", + "5705eee952bb8914006896e1": "the Compromise of 1850", + "5705eee952bb8914006896e2": "a free state", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a4": "inequitable taxes", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a5": "Cow Counties", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a6": "three times", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a7": "the California State Legislature", + "5705f09e75f01819005e77a8": "Milton Latham", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f0": "the Los Angeles Times", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f1": "1900", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f2": "1900", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f3": "Imperial", + "5705f13d52bb8914006896f4": "seven counties", + "5705f36452bb891400689718": "regional tourism groups", + "5705f36452bb891400689719": "the California State Automobile Association", + "5705f36452bb89140068971a": "their jurisdictions for membership apply, as either northern or southern California, in contrast to the three-region point of view.", + "5705f36452bb89140068971b": "the Tehachapis", + "5705f36452bb89140068971c": "South of the Tehachapis", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77dc": "the Great Lakes Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis. Much of southern California is famous for its large,", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77dd": "vast areas that have been left undeveloped. It is the third most populated megalopolis in the United States,", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77de": "use of automobiles and highways", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77df": "highways", + "5705f7c875f01819005e77e0": "Megalopolis and the Northeastern megalopolis. Much of southern California is famous for its large, spread-", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689750": "Camp Pendleton", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689751": "Temecula and Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with the Inland Empire", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689752": "the United States Census Bureau", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689753": "Orange Counties, there are some differences in development, as most of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties (the non-desert portions)", + "5705fb7f52bb891400689754": "the 1980s and 1990s", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976a": "a Mediterranean climate", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976b": "infrequent rain", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976c": "a Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days. Summers are hot and dry,", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976d": "very rare in the Southwest of the state, it occurs on the Southeast of the state.", + "5705fc3a52bb89140068976e": "snow is very rare in the Southwest of the state, it occurs on the Southeast of the state.", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7841": "Pacific Ocean", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7840": ".", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7842": ", to the vast deserts of California.", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7843": "the Transverse and Peninsular Ranges", + "5705fd8475f01819005e7844": "the Transverse and Peninsular Ranges with their peaks, into the large and small interior valleys, to the vast deserts of California.", + "5705fec152bb89140068977a": "several hundred are greater than magnitude 3.0,", + "5705fec152bb89140068977b": "magnitude 6.7 1994 Northridge earthquake was particularly destructive, causing a substantial number of deaths, injuries,", + "5705fec152bb89140068977c": "magnitude 6", + "5705fec152bb89140068977d": "property damage", + "5705fec152bb89140068977e": "20 billion", + "5705ffde52bb891400689784": "the San Andreas Fault", + "5705ffde52bb891400689785": ".", + "5705ffde52bb891400689786": "the Puente Hills Fault", + "5705ffde52bb891400689787": "The USGS", + "5705ffde52bb891400689788": "a California Earthquake forecast which models Earthquake occurrence in California.", + "570602fa52bb89140068979e": "culture and atmosphere", + "570602fa52bb89140068979f": "global recognition", + "570602fa52bb8914006897a0": "economic activity", + "570603c475f01819005e7882": "2010", + "570603c475f01819005e7883": "high growth rates", + "570603c475f01819005e7884": ".", + "570603c475f01819005e7885": "high growth rates", + "570603c475f01819005e7886": "southern California has a population of 22,680,010.", + "5706074552bb8914006897d4": "Southern California consists of one Combined Statistical Area, eight Metropolitan Statistical Areas, one international metropolitan area, and multiple metropolitan divisions.", + "5706074552bb8914006897d5": "two extended metropolitan areas that exceed five million in population.", + "5706074552bb8914006897d6": "five million", + "5706074552bb8914006897d7": "the Southern Border Region", + "5706074552bb8914006897d8": "five million in population. These are the Greater Los Angeles Area at 17,786,419, and San Diego\u2013", + "570607f575f01819005e78b4": "Los Angeles", + "570607f575f01819005e78b5": "Los Angeles (at 3.7 million people) and San Diego (at 1.3 million people)", + "570607f575f01819005e78b6": "twelve", + "570607f575f01819005e78b7": "3 million people", + "570607f575f01819005e78b8": "Riverside", + "5706094b52bb8914006897de": "petroleum", + "5706094b52bb8914006897df": "Hollywood", + "5706094b52bb8914006897e0": "the housing bubble 2001\u20132007", + "5706094b52bb8914006897e1": "abundance of petroleum", + "5706094b52bb8914006897e2": "the housing bubble 2001\u20132007", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d2": "the 1920s", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d3": ". In one of the richest agricultural regions in the U.S.", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d5": "manufacturing have been major industries.", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d4": "cattle", + "57060a1175f01819005e78d6": "aerospace", + "57060a6e52bb8914006897f8": "major business districts", + "57060a6e52bb8914006897f9": "Central business districts", + "57060a6e52bb8914006897fa": ".", + "57060cc352bb89140068980e": "central business district as well as those lining the Wilshire Boulevard Miracle Mile including Century City, Westwood and Warner Center in the San Fernando Valley.", + "57060cc352bb89140068980f": "the Los Angeles Area", + "57060cc352bb891400689810": "the San Fernando Valley", + "57060cc352bb891400689811": "Los Angeles itself has many business districts including the Downtown Los Angeles", + "57060df252bb891400689820": "business districts", + "57060df252bb891400689821": "Downtown Riverside", + "57060df252bb891400689822": "Downtown Riverside", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7910": "Orange County", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7911": "Orange County", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7912": "the Irvine Tech Center", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7913": ".", + "57060eaf75f01819005e7914": ", and international corporations headquartered at the University of California, Irvine. West Irvine includes the Irvine Tech Center and Jamboree Business Parks.", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7922": "Downtown San Diego", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7923": "Downtown San Diego is the central business district of San Diego, though the city is filled with business districts.", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7924": "North County", + "57060f3e75f01819005e7925": "San Diego", + "570610b275f01819005e792a": "Los Angeles International Airport", + "570610b275f01819005e792b": "passenger volume", + "570610b275f01819005e792c": "third by international passenger volume (see Busiest airports in the United States by international passenger traffic)", + "570610b275f01819005e792d": "San Diego International Airport", + "570610b275f01819005e792e": "Van Nuys Airport", + "5706111a52bb89140068984c": "Metrolink", + "5706111a52bb89140068984d": "seven lines", + "5706111a52bb89140068984e": "seven lines", + "5706111a52bb89140068984f": "San Diego", + "570611c475f01819005e793c": "the Port of Los Angeles", + "570611c475f01819005e793d": "Port of Long Beach", + "570611c475f01819005e793e": "Southern California", + "5706139252bb891400689864": "The Tech Coast", + "5706139252bb891400689865": ".", + "5706139252bb891400689866": ",", + "5706139252bb891400689867": "5", + "5706139252bb891400689868": "12", + "5706143575f01819005e7950": "Professional sports teams in Southern California", + "5706143575f01819005e7951": "NBA (Los Angeles Lakers, Los Angeles Clippers)", + "5706143575f01819005e7952": "MLB (Los Angeles Dodgers, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, San Diego Padres)", + "5706143575f01819005e7953": "Los Angeles Kings", + "5706143575f01819005e7954": "LA Galaxy", + "5706149552bb891400689880": "Chivas USA", + "5706149552bb891400689881": "the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA \u2014 that both played at the StubHub Center and were local rivals.", + "5706149552bb891400689882": "the 2014 MLS season", + "5706149552bb891400689883": "the StubHub Center", + "5706149552bb891400689884": "2018", + "570614ff52bb89140068988a": "College sports", + "570614ff52bb89140068988b": "UCLA", + "570614ff52bb89140068988c": "the USC Trojans", + "570614ff52bb89140068988d": "NCAA Division I", + "570614ff52bb89140068988e": "UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans both field teams in NCAA Division I in the Pac-12 Conference,", + "5706155352bb891400689894": "rugby", + "5706155352bb891400689895": "the high school level", + "5706155352bb891400689896": "rugby as an official school sport", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db0": "British Sky Broadcasting Limited", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db1": "Sky plc", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db2": "November 2014", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db3": "British Sky Broadcasting Group plc", + "57092322efce8f15003a7db4": "British Sky Broadcasting Limited", + "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc4": "May 2006", + "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc5": "two", + "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc6": "the English FA", + "57094a79efce8f15003a7dc7": "3bn", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f6": "the ONdigital consortium", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f7": "ONdigital", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f8": "three", + "57094b4f9928a814004714f9": "Sky Three on 31 October 2005", + "57094b4f9928a814004714fa": "Pick TV", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd6": ".", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd7": "September 2007", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd8": "a monthly fee", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dd9": "January 2010", + "57094ca7efce8f15003a7dda": "the standard Sky Box to Multiroom upgrade only and started to issue the Sky+HD Box as standard,", + "57094d489928a8140047150a": "VideoGuard decoders", + "57094d489928a8140047150b": "NDS", + "57094d489928a8140047150c": "Cisco Systems", + "57094d489928a8140047150d": "BSkyB", + "57094d489928a8140047150e": "Sky+)", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7dff": "the basic channels", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7dfe": "2007", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7e00": "substantially increased the asking price", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7e01": "Video On Demand content", + "570953a7efce8f15003a7e02": "HD channels", + "570960cf200fba1400367f01": "the English High Court of Justice", + "570960cf200fba1400367f02": "31 July 2013", + "570960cf200fba1400367f03": "a new brand,\" plus \"financial and other terms, the details of which are confidential\".", + "570960cf200fba1400367f04": "SkyDrive Pro", + "570960cf200fba1400367f05": "cloud storage", + "570961aa200fba1400367f15": "Sam Chisholm", + "570961aa200fba1400367f16": "Astra", + "570961aa200fba1400367f17": "27 September 2001", + "570961aa200fba1400367f18": "Sky Multichannels", + "570961aa200fba1400367f19": "5 million households by mid-1994. Michael Grade criticized the operations in front of the Select Committee on National Heritage,", + "570963a5200fba1400367f33": "British Sky Broadcasting", + "570963a5200fba1400367f34": "British Sky Broadcasting", + "570963a5200fba1400367f35": "11 million customers", + "570963a5200fba1400367f36": "Freeview", + "57096505ed30961900e84082": "Sky Q Hub", + "57096505ed30961900e84083": "the Sky Q Silver set top boxes", + "57096505ed30961900e84084": "connectivity", + "57096505ed30961900e84085": "later in 2016", + "57096505ed30961900e84086": "2015", + "570966e0200fba1400367f4f": "DVB-compliant MPEG-2,", + "570966e0200fba1400367f50": "Dolby Digital", + "570966e0200fba1400367f51": "the proprietary OpenTV system, with set-top boxes including modems for a return path. Sky News, amongst other channels, provides a pseudo-", + "570966e0200fba1400367f52": "OpenTV", + "570966e0200fba1400367f53": "the DVB-S2 standard. Interactive services and 7-day EPG use the proprietary OpenTV system,", + "570967c4ed30961900e840ba": "1998", + "570967c4ed30961900e840bb": "the Astra 2A satellite", + "570967c4ed30961900e840bc": "the Astra 2A satellite", + "570967c4ed30961900e840bd": "hundreds of television and radio channels. The old position was shared with broadcasters from several European countries, while the new position at 28.5\u00b0", + "570967c4ed30961900e840be": "the Astra 2A", + "5709686c200fba1400367f77": "22 May 2006", + "5709686c200fba1400367f78": "40", + "5709686c200fba1400367f79": "Thomson", + "5709686c200fba1400367f7a": "17", + "5709686c200fba1400367f7b": "4", + "57096b66200fba1400367fa7": "8 February 2007", + "57096b66200fba1400367fa8": "8 February 2007", + "57096b66200fba1400367fa9": "Freeview", + "57096b66200fba1400367faa": "Virgin Media", + "57096b66200fba1400367fab": "English Premier League Football), films, entertainment and news.", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbb": ".600 GHz)", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbc": "a VideoGuard UK equipped receiver (all of which are dedicated to the Sky service,", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbd": "a VideoGuard UK equipped receiver (all of which are dedicated to the Sky service,", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbe": "Ku band", + "57096c95200fba1400367fbf": "the Sky service", + "57096e1ced30961900e84102": "1991", + "57096e1ced30961900e84103": "Rupert Murdoch's media empire via its newspapers had influenced the deal.", + "57096e1ced30961900e84104": "\u00a334m", + "57096e1ced30961900e84105": "the BBC", + "57096e1ced30961900e84106": "Rupert Murdoch", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe5": "Ofcom", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe6": "open access being an enforced part of their operating licence from Ofcom.", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe7": "open access", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe8": "carriage issues such as picture quality", + "57096f37200fba1400367fe9": "carriage issues", + "57097051ed30961900e84132": "1 October 1998", + "57097051ed30961900e84133": "the Sky Digital brand", + "57097051ed30961900e84134": "Open", + "57097051ed30961900e84135": "ONdigital", + "57097051ed30961900e84136": "over 100", + "57097141200fba1400367ff9": "2007", + "57097141200fba1400367ffa": "Virgin Media", + "57097141200fba1400367ffb": "its Video On Demand", + "57097141200fba1400367ffc": "BBC HD", + "57097141200fba1400367ffd": "Channel 4 HD", + "57097b50200fba140036804d": "10 million", + "57097b50200fba140036804e": "25m people", + "57097b50200fba140036804f": "August 2004", + "57097b50200fba1400368050": "36% of households in the UK represented an audience of more than 25m people.", + "57097b50200fba1400368051": "growth in subscriber numbers elsewhere in Europe flattened.", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f2": "essentials\"", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f3": "essentials", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f4": "often damaging", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f5": "Sky TV bills", + "57097c8fed30961900e841f6": "Sky TV", + "57097d63ed30961900e841fc": "BSkyB and Virgin Media", + "57097d63ed30961900e841fd": "BSkyB and Virgin Media", + "57097d63ed30961900e841fe": "Virgin Media", + "57097d63ed30961900e841ff": "BSkyB and Virgin Media", + "57097d63ed30961900e84200": "BSkyB and Virgin Media", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3d": ", retail, hospitality and manufacturing constitute the majority of employment. Victoria's total gross state product (GSP) is ranked second in Australia,", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3e": "total gross state product (GSP) is ranked second in Australia, although Victoria is ranked fourth in terms of GSP per capita", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c3f": "fourth in terms of GSP per capita because of its limited mining activity.", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c40": "Melbourne", + "570d2417fed7b91900d45c41": "The Melbourne Cricket Ground", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c47": "the gold fields", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c48": "New South Wales", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c49": "Buckland Valley near Bright", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4a": "over 1,000 miners.", + "570d2556fed7b91900d45c4b": "cramped and unsanitary", + "570d26efb3d812140066d48f": "proportional representation", + "570d26efb3d812140066d490": "eight electorates", + "570d26efb3d812140066d491": "five", + "570d26efb3d812140066d492": "four years", + "570d26efb3d812140066d493": "November every four years", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a3": ",", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a4": ", and the environmentalist Australian Greens are Victoria's main political parties.", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a5": ",", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a6": "political parties", + "570d28bdb3d812140066d4a7": ".", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bd": "those who declare a religious affiliation", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4be": "26", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4bf": "Buddhism", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c0": "168", + "570d29c2b3d812140066d4c1": ".", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c93": "Port Phillip Bay", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c94": "Port Phillip Bay", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c95": "1", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c96": "Melbourne", + "570d2af0fed7b91900d45c97": "the metropolitan area", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca7": "the Koori", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca8": "1788", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45ca9": "Sullivan Bay", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45caa": "Sullivan Bay", + "570d2c20fed7b91900d45cab": "1803", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbb": "wheat and 2 million tonnes of barley. Victorian farms produce nearly 90% of Australian pears and third of apples.", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbc": "Victorian farmers", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbd": ". Last year, 121,200 tonnes of pears and 270,000 tonnes of tomatoes were produced.", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbe": "nearly 90% of Australian pears and third of apples.", + "570d2d68fed7b91900d45cbf": "270", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45ccf": "1975", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd0": "the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd1": "the Parliament of Victoria", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd2": "an absolute majority in both houses, a three-fifths majority in both houses,", + "570d2f5bfed7b91900d45cd3": "the Victoria Constitution Act 1855", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce3": "hot winds blowing from nearby semi-deserts.", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce4": "32 \u00b0C (90 \u00b0F", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce5": "the 2009 southeastern Australia heat wave", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce6": "Hopetoun on 7 February 2009", + "570d30fdfed7b91900d45ce7": "7 February 2009", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d01": "either publicly or privately funded. Public schools, also known as state or government schools, are funded and run directly by the Victoria Department of Education .", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d02": "the Victoria Department of Education", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d03": "fees", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d04": "the Roman Catholic Church", + "570d32e4fed7b91900d45d05": "curriculum standards", + "570d3468b3d812140066d543": "the global car industry", + "570d3468b3d812140066d544": "2017", + "570d3468b3d812140066d545": "May 2013", + "570d3468b3d812140066d546": "October 2016", + "570d3468b3d812140066d547": "Toyota and Holden", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d54d": "Mount Bogong", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d54e": "Mount Bogong", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d54f": "the highest peak", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d550": "river systems in Victoria. Most notable is the Murray River system.", + "570d35b7b3d812140066d551": "the helmeted honeyeater", + "570d391fb3d812140066d575": "The Victorian Alps", + "570d391fb3d812140066d576": "the Great Dividing Range mountain system", + "570d391fb3d812140066d577": "the Great Dividing Range", + "570d391fb3d812140066d578": "less than 9 \u00b0C (48 \u00b0F) in winter and below 0 \u00b0C (32 \u00b0F)", + "570d391fb3d812140066d579": "minimum temperature", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45d9f": "the Victorian Government", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da0": "Metro Trains Melbourne", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da1": "the Victorian Government", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da2": "freight services; Great Southern Rail which operates The Overland Melbourne\u2014Adelaide; and NSW TrainLink which operates XPTs Melbourne\u2014Sydney.", + "570d4030fed7b91900d45da3": "private and public railway operators who operate over government-owned lines.", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbd": "37", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbe": "12", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dbf": "the Legislative Assembly", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc0": "the Legislative Council", + "570d418dfed7b91900d45dc1": "Linda Dessau", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd7": "1 July 1851", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd8": "1851", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45dd9": "one of the largest gold rushes", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45dda": "sevenfold", + "570d4329fed7b91900d45ddb": "20 million ounces of gold", + "570d44abb3d812140066d5fd": "1,548 public schools, 489 Catholic schools and 214 independent schools. Just under 540,800 students were enrolled in public schools,", + "570d44abb3d812140066d5fe": "489", + "570d44abb3d812140066d5ff": "540", + "570d44abb3d812140066d600": "about 63", + "570d44abb3d812140066d601": "61 per cent", + "570d4606b3d812140066d619": "Victoria", + "570d4606b3d812140066d61a": "3 million", + "570d4606b3d812140066d61b": "3 million dairy cattle and produces nearly two-thirds of the nation's milk, almost 6.4 billion litres.", + "570d4606b3d812140066d61c": "dairy cattle", + "570d4606b3d812140066d61d": "Asia", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d62d": "broad gauge", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d62e": "standard gauge", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d62f": "narrow gauge", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d630": "mountainous areas.", + "570d47b8b3d812140066d631": "five", + "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e13": "1788", + "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e14": "New South Wales", + "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e15": "New Holland", + "570d4a6bfed7b91900d45e16": "Sydney", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e31": "1854", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e33": "the Eureka rebellion", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e32": "the Eureka rebellion", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e34": "mining licence fees", + "570d4c3bfed7b91900d45e35": "the Colony of Victoria Act 1855", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66d": "the legislative and political agenda", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66e": "The Premier", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d66f": "The Premier", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d670": "Daniel Andrews", + "570d4e6cb3d812140066d671": "Daniel Andrews.", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7d": "the gross value of Victorian agricultural production", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7e": "the gross value of Victorian agricultural production", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e7f": "an estimated 32,463 farms occupied around 136,000 square kilometres (52,500 sq mi) of Victorian land.", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e80": "farmland", + "570d50a5fed7b91900d45e81": "an estimated 32,463 farms occupied around 136,000 square kilometres (52,500 sq mi)", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6bb": "tourism and sports tourism", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6bc": "sports tourism", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6bd": "Melbourne", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6be": "cultural tourism and sports tourism. Most of these events are centred on Melbourne,", + "570d529fb3d812140066d6bf": "the Bright Autumn Festival", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd699e": "the southern and central parts of France, about one-eighth the number of French Catholics.", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd699f": ",", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a0": "1562 to 1598", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a1": "the Edict of Nantes", + "57105da9a58dae1900cd69a2": "the Edict of Nantes", + "57106185b654c5140001f8db": "a nickname", + "57106185b654c5140001f8dd": "Geneva", + "57106185b654c5140001f8dc": "Besan\u00e7on Hugues", + "57106185b654c5140001f8de": "the Amboise plot", + "57106185b654c5140001f8df": "1560", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e5": "Guyard de Moulin", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e6": "Guyard de Moulin", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e7": "Jean de R\u00e9ly", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e8": "Jean de R\u00e9ly", + "57106644b654c5140001f8e9": "Paris", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8ef": "villes de s\u00fbret", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f0": "the Edict of 1598", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f2": "the Edict of 1598", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f1": "1622", + "57106d2fb654c5140001f8f3": "the Edict of 1598", + "571077ecb654c5140001f909": "the Cape", + "571077ecb654c5140001f90a": "Cape Town", + "571077ecb654c5140001f90b": "Maria de la Queillerie", + "571077ecb654c5140001f90c": "the Dutch East India Company", + "571077ecb654c5140001f90d": "1700", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69ca": "1624", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69cb": "Jess\u00e9 de Forest", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69cc": "the French church in New Amsterdam", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69cd": "the French church in New Amsterdam", + "57107932a58dae1900cd69ce": "Brooklyn", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69df": "the Charleston Orange district. They were very successful at marriage and property speculation.", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e1": "Edmund Bellinger", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e2": "Pons", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69e0": "1697", + "57107a3ea58dae1900cd69de": "Nantes", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e8": "William III of Orange", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69e9": "England", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ea": "the League of Augsburg", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69eb": "the Dutch Republic", + "57107c24a58dae1900cd69ec": "the League of Augsburg", + "57107d73b654c5140001f91d": "the Edict of Fontainebleau", + "57107d73b654c5140001f91e": "1685", + "57107d73b654c5140001f91f": "Huguenots", + "57107d73b654c5140001f920": "roughly 500,000 Huguenots had fled France by the early 18th century[citation needed]", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f2": "the French Catholics", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f3": ".", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f4": "5", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f5": "persecution", + "57107e6ca58dae1900cd69f6": "political reasons for this as well,", + "57108073b654c5140001f927": "1621 and 1629", + "57108073b654c5140001f926": "southwestern France", + "57108073b654c5140001f928": "Henry IV", + "57108073b654c5140001f929": "Louis XIII", + "57108073b654c5140001f925": "the Huguenot rebellions", + "57108198b654c5140001f937": "one million Protestants in modern France represent some 2% of its population. Most are concentrated in Alsace in northeast France and the C\u00e9", + "57108198b654c5140001f938": "Protestants", + "57108198b654c5140001f939": "Alsace", + "57108198b654c5140001f93a": "Alsace", + "57108198b654c5140001f93b": "France and the C\u00e9", + "57108c95b654c5140001f979": "New Rochelle", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97a": "New Rochelle,", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97b": "Huguenot Street Historic District", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97c": "Huguenot Street", + "57108c95b654c5140001f97d": "Staten Island", + "57108d69b654c5140001f983": "the Dutch Republic", + "57108d69b654c5140001f984": "Huguenots", + "57108d69b654c5140001f985": "Huguenots", + "57108d69b654c5140001f986": "Amsterdam and the area of West Frisia were the first areas to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants,", + "57108d69b654c5140001f987": "the Edict of Nantes", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1a": "Huguon", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1b": "Huguon", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1c": "le roi Huguet", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1d": "the pr\u00e9tendus r\u00e9form", + "57108ee6a58dae1900cd6a1e": "Huguon", + "571090abb654c5140001f995": "Canterbury", + "571090abb654c5140001f996": "The Weavers", + "571090abb654c5140001f997": "economic separation", + "571090abb654c5140001f998": "Faversham and Maidstone", + "571090abb654c5140001f999": "a restaurant", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a41": "Cork City", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a40": "Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18th centuries. Numerous signs of Huguenot presence can still be seen with names still in use,", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a42": "one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a43": "a High Sheriff", + "57109180a58dae1900cd6a44": "1696", + "57109275b654c5140001f99f": "a brain drain", + "57109275b654c5140001f9a0": "New France", + "57109275b654c5140001f9a1": "many Huguenots", + "57109275b654c5140001f9a2": "the French and Indian War", + "57109275b654c5140001f9a3": "1759", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5c": "Henry of Navarre", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5d": "1598", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5e": "the Edict of Nantes", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a5f": "the founding of new Protestant churches", + "571093aba58dae1900cd6a60": "Protestantism", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a66": "education", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a67": "emigration.", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a68": "Four thousand emigrated to the North American colonies, where they settled in New York and Virginia,", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a69": "new converts", + "571094b7a58dae1900cd6a6a": "South Africa", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a76": "Switzerland and the Netherlands", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a77": "1555", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a78": "France Antarctique", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a79": "1560", + "571095a8a58dae1900cd6a7a": "the Guanabara Confession of Faith", + "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a86": "Afrikaans", + "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a87": "), Pienaar (Pinard), Retief (Retif), Rossouw (Rousseau)", + "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a88": "the Western Cape", + "5710968aa58dae1900cd6a89": "surnames", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a98": "Jack Jouett", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a99": "Henry Laurens", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9a": "Charleston", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9b": "Manakin Episcopal Church", + "571097baa58dae1900cd6a9c": "Texas", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab2": "Huguenot lace", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab3": "Bucks Point", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab4": "immigrant lacemakers in this period is of twenty-five widows who settled in Dover,", + "571098f8a58dae1900cd6ab5": "the eighteenth century", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b3": "Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b4": "the Huguenots", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b5": "protest against the occupation of Prussia", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b6": "1806", + "571099b2b654c5140001f9b7": "Berlin Huguenots preserved the French language in their church services for nearly a century.", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b26": "Prussia", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b27": "C\u00e9vennes", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b28": "the Camisards", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b29": "the Catholic Church", + "5710e8c8a58dae1900cd6b2a": "1702 and 1709", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b30": "Jacksonville", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b31": "Jean Ribault", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b32": "Fort Caroline", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b33": "Pedro Menendez", + "5710e9f8a58dae1900cd6b34": "1565", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa17": "Charlesfort", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa18": "Jacksonville", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa19": "Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1a": "1562", + "5710eb6fb654c5140001fa1b": "The Wars of Religion", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3a": "the colony of Virginia", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3b": "Lower Norfolk County", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3c": "Manakin Town", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3d": "390", + "5710eca0a58dae1900cd6b3e": "1705", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2b": "1568\u20131609", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2c": "Gaspard de Coligny", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2d": "William the Silent", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2e": "William the Silent", + "5710ed7bb654c5140001fa2f": "the Dutch Reformed Church", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b60": "the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b61": "1708", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b62": "an estimated 50,000 Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England, with many moving on to Ireland and elsewhere.", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b63": "Andrew Lortie", + "5710f114a58dae1900cd6b64": "the Pope and the doctrine of transubstantiation", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b72": "the Williamite war", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b73": "William of Orange", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b74": "Waterford and Youghal", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b75": "flax cultivation and the growth of the Irish linen industry", + "5710f2e2a58dae1900cd6b76": "the Irish linen industry", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa45": "Prince Louis de Cond", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa46": "Count Ludwig", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa47": "mercantilism", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa48": "the 1890s", + "5710f4b8b654c5140001fa49": "1604", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae3": "Huguenot \u00e9migr\u00e9", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae4": "Huguenot \u00e9", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae6": "Quebec", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae5": "the Dutch Cape Colony", + "5711119cb654c5140001fae7": "Huguenot \u00e9", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcc": "Hugues Capet", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcd": "Hugues Capet", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bce": "Janet Gray", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bcf": "the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos,", + "571112ada58dae1900cd6bd0": "double or triple non-French linguistic origins", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd6": "Jacques Lefevre", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd7": "Jacques Lefevre", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd8": "1530", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bd9": "William Farel", + "57111380a58dae1900cd6bda": "John Calvin", + "57111428b654c5140001faff": "1572", + "57111428b654c5140001fb00": "Catholics", + "57111428b654c5140001fb01": "3,000 Protestants were slaughtered in Toulouse alone.", + "57111428b654c5140001fb02": "1573", + "57111429b654c5140001fb03": "almost 25", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb09": "Louis XIV", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0a": "the Edict of Fontainebleau", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0b": "the Edict of Nantes", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0c": "the Edict of Fontainebleau", + "571114cfb654c5140001fb0d": "dragonnades", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb13": "Westchester", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb14": "Davenports Neck", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb15": "John Pell", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb16": "La Rochelle", + "5711163bb654c5140001fb17": "Trinity", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c00": "assimilation", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c01": "the French made numerous contributions to United States economic life, especially as merchants and artisans in the late Colonial and early Federal periods.", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c02": "Lavoisier", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c03": "well into the nineteenth century", + "57111713a58dae1900cd6c04": "Eleutherian", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0a": "Pierre Bayle", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0b": "Rotterdam", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0c": "Historical and Critical Dictionary", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0d": "the US Library of Congress", + "571117d4a58dae1900cd6c0e": "Saint Nicolas", + "57111992b654c5140001fb43": "The French Protestant Church of London", + "57111992b654c5140001fb44": "1550", + "57111992b654c5140001fb45": "Soho Square", + "57111992b654c5140001fb46": "Shoreditch", + "57111992b654c5140001fb47": "1724", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3c": "Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinavia.", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3d": "Germany and Scandinavia", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3e": "Edict of Potsdam", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c3f": "Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia", + "57111ab8a58dae1900cd6c40": "two new regiments of his army: the Altpreu\u00df", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c50": "Frederick William", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c51": "Theodor Fontane", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c52": "Hermann von Fran\u00e7ois, the hero of the First World War Battle of Tannenberg, Luftwaffe General and fighter ace Adolf Galland", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c53": "Lothar de Maizi", + "57111b95a58dae1900cd6c54": "Minister of the Interior", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd3": "solar power", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd4": "the Rankine cycle", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd5": "steam within a boiler operating at a high pressure. When expanded through pistons or turbines, mechanical work is done.", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd6": "a boiler", + "57112686b654c5140001fbd7": "external combustion engines", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb2": "the atmospheric engine", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb3": "Thomas Newcomen", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb4": "1712", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb5": "steam pump", + "571126dfa58dae1900cd6cb6": "Papin", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc4": "Richard Trevithick", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc5": "21 February 1804", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc6": "Abercynon in south Wales", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc7": "Wales", + "571127a5a58dae1900cd6cc8": "south Wales", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0e": "a water pump", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d0f": "centrifugal pumps", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d10": "the 1850s", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d11": "boiler feed water", + "571135b8a58dae1900cd6d12": "boiler feed water", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d18": "three", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d19": "Multiple expansion engines typically had the cylinders arranged inline, but various other formations were used.", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1a": "the late 19th century", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1b": "Multiple expansion engines typically had the cylinders arranged inline, but various other formations were used.", + "57113639a58dae1900cd6d1c": "the Olympic class", + "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d22": "Corliss", + "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d23": ", at the expense of increased friction and wear,", + "571136b8a58dae1900cd6d24": "rubbing surfaces", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc1f": "Lead fusible plugs", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc20": "the temperature of the firebox crown increases significantly, the lead melts and the steam escapes, warning the operators,", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc21": "the steam escape", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc22": "manually suppress the fire", + "57113ba6b654c5140001fc23": "dampening the fire", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d28": "James Watt", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d29": "rotary motion", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2a": "ten", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2b": "1883", + "57113be3a58dae1900cd6d2c": "the Industrial Revolution", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d32": "the first century AD", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d33": "Hero of Alexandria", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d34": "Greek", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d35": "Giovanni Branca", + "57113c6da58dae1900cd6d36": "1606", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc29": "compound engines", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc2a": "expansions", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc2b": "compound engines", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc2d": "internal combustion engines", + "57113f83b654c5140001fc2c": "coal", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5a": "the use of steam turbines", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5b": "the late part of the 19th century. Steam turbines are generally more efficient than reciprocating piston type steam engines", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5c": "several hundred horsepower", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5d": "90% of the electric power is produced in this way using a variety of heat sources", + "571142b3a58dae1900cd6d5e": "electricity", + "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6e": "the heat source can be an electric heating element.", + "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d6f": "combustion chamber", + "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d70": ".", + "571144d1a58dae1900cd6d71": "an electric heating element", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d80": "the steam engine indicator", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d81": "1851", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d82": "Charles Richard", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d83": "Charles Richard", + "57114667a58dae1900cd6d84": "Charles Richard and exhibited at London Exhibition in 1862", + "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8a": "90", + "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8b": "180", + "5711475ca58dae1900cd6d8c": "90\u00b0 to each other.", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc3d": "counterflow", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc3e": "two", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc3f": "one", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc40": "four events", + "5711488ab654c5140001fc41": "expansion, exhaust, compression.", + "57114aceb654c5140001fc47": "Quasiturbine", + "57114aceb654c5140001fc48": "the usual counterflow cycle", + "57114aceb654c5140001fc49": "an additional port", + "57114b1a2419e31400955575": "the simple expansion steam engine", + "57114b1a2419e31400955576": "trunnion", + "57114b1a2419e31400955577": "full size working engines, mainly on ships where their compactness is valued.", + "57114b1a2419e31400955578": "toys and models, because of their simplicity,", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a53": "the working fluid is recycled continuously,", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a54": "a Rankine cycle", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a55": "Mercury", + "57114dfb50c2381900b54a56": ", such as non-toxic and unreactive chemistry, abundance, low cost,", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5b": "turbine entry temperature", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5c": "565", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5d": "stainless steel", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5f": "about 63% compared with an actual efficiency of 42% for a modern coal-fired power station. This low turbine entry temperature", + "57114e8d50c2381900b54a5e": "around 30", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a65": "Steam engines", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a66": ". There have at one time or another been steam-powered farm tractors, motorcycles (without much success)", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a67": "the Stanley Steamer", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a68": "Steam engines", + "57114f0050c2381900b54a69": "an increase in the land available for cultivation", + "571153422419e3140095557d": "the Catch Me Who Can", + "571153422419e3140095557e": "Matthew Murray", + "571153422419e3140095557f": "Matthew Murray", + "571153422419e31400955580": "Matthew Murray was used by the edge railed rack and pinion Middleton Railway", + "571153422419e31400955581": "the Locomotion", + "5711541350c2381900b54a6f": "Arthur Woolf", + "5711541350c2381900b54a70": "British engineer", + "5711541350c2381900b54a71": "the magnitude of cylinder heating and cooling", + "5711541350c2381900b54a72": "cylinder heating and cooling", + "571154c72419e31400955587": "80", + "571154c72419e31400955588": "reciprocating steam engines", + "571154c72419e31400955589": "steam turbines with reduction gearing", + "571154c72419e3140095558a": "steam turbines with reduction gearing", + "571154c72419e3140095558b": "reduction gearing", + "571155ae2419e31400955591": "the phase change of water", + "571155ae2419e31400955592": "a condenser", + "571155ae2419e31400955593": "the 1990s", + "571155ae2419e31400955594": ") to provide a practical heat/power conversion system.", + "571155ae2419e31400955595": "Scottish polymath", + "571156152419e3140095559b": "energy efficiency was its \"duty\"", + "571156152419e3140095559f": "25 million", + "571156152419e3140095559e": "energy efficiency", + "571156152419e3140095559d": "94 pounds", + "571156152419e3140095559c": "Watt", + "57115ac550c2381900b54a77": "electric motors and internal combustion engines gradually resulted in the replacement of reciprocating (piston) steam engines in commercial usage,", + "57115ac550c2381900b54a78": "Reciprocating piston type steam engines remained the dominant source of power until the early 20th century,", + "57115ac550c2381900b54a79": "turbine type steam engines, the \"steam age\" is continuing with energy levels far beyond those of the turn of the 19th century.", + "57115ac550c2381900b54a7a": "internal combustion engines", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a7f": "Thomas Savery", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a80": "a water pump", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a81": "Thomas Savery", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a82": "Bento de Moura Portugal", + "57115b2850c2381900b54a83": "John Smeaton", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a89": "Richard Trevithick", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8a": "Richard Trevithick", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8b": "1802", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8c": "transport", + "57115b8b50c2381900b54a8d": "power", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a93": "Energiprojekt AB", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a94": "Sweden", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a95": "5", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a96": "4 kg", + "57115bf350c2381900b54a97": "27", + "57115c7450c2381900b54a9d": "surface condensers", + "57115c7450c2381900b54a9e": "an automobile radiator", + "57115c7450c2381900b54a9f": "an automobile radiator", + "57115c7450c2381900b54aa0": "wet) cooling towers use the rejected heat to evaporate water; this water is kept separate from the condensate,", + "57115c7450c2381900b54aa1": "3600 cubic metres", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a5": "The centrifugal governor", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a6": "Boulton", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a7": "James Watt", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a8": "cotton spinning", + "57115dbe2419e314009555a9": "speed control", + "57115e532419e314009555af": "1880", + "57115e532419e314009555b0": "railway locomotives where it was often perceived as complicated.", + "57115e532419e314009555b1": "complicated.", + "57115e532419e314009555b2": "1930", + "57115e532419e314009555b3": "railway locomotives", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa7": "shortening the cutoff", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa8": "kick back", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aa9": "saving steam", + "57115f0a50c2381900b54aaa": "the admission event; this in turn proportionately lengthens the expansion period.", + "57115f652419e314009555b9": "Jer\u00f3nimo de Ayanz y Beaumont", + "57115f652419e314009555ba": "Spanish inventor", + "57115f652419e314009555bb": "1606", + "57115f652419e314009555bc": "1698", + "57115f652419e314009555bd": "1712", + "57115ff82419e314009555c3": ",", + "57115ff82419e314009555c4": "a drive shaft", + "57115ff82419e314009555c5": "a series of stators (static discs) fixed to the turbine casing.", + "57115ff82419e314009555c6": "the turbine casing", + "57115ff82419e314009555c7": "3600 revolutions per minute", + "5711607f2419e314009555cd": "boilers and condensers", + "5711607f2419e314009555ce": "boilers and condensers generally makes the power-to-weight ratio of a steam plant lower than for internal combustion engines.", + "5711607f2419e314009555cf": "steam turbine plant", + "5711607f2419e314009555d0": "the Advanced Steam movement", + "5711607f2419e314009555d1": "pollution", + "571161092419e314009555d7": "a pistonless rotary engine", + "571161092419e314009555d8": "the cylinders and valve gear", + "571161092419e314009555d9": "thermal expansion", + "5711619950c2381900b54aaf": "1763", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab0": "a separate condenser", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab1": "half", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab2": "Newcomen", + "5711619950c2381900b54ab3": "a piston", + "5711623e50c2381900b54ab9": "safety valves", + "5711623e50c2381900b54aba": "a plug valve", + "5711623e50c2381900b54abb": "an adjustable spring-loaded valve, which is locked such that operators may not tamper with its adjustment unless a seal illegally is broken.", + "5711623e50c2381900b54abc": "a seal", + "5711623e50c2381900b54abd": "accidents", + "5711628a2419e314009555dd": "the Corliss steam engine", + "5711628a2419e314009555de": "1849", + "5711628a2419e314009555e1": "30", + "5711628a2419e314009555df": "four", + "5711628a2419e314009555e0": "the Rumford medal", + "571163172419e314009555e7": "thermodynamic theory", + "571163172419e314009555e8": "Watt", + "571163172419e314009555e9": "the separate condenser", + "571163172419e314009555ea": "Joseph Black", + "571163172419e314009555eb": "latent heat", + "5711648850c2381900b54ac3": "efficiency", + "5711648850c2381900b54ac4": "its liquid phase", + "5711648850c2381900b54ac5": "1% to 3% of the turbine power and contributes to a much higher efficiency for a real cycle.", + "5711648850c2381900b54ac6": "1500", + "5711651050c2381900b54acb": "an injector", + "5711651050c2381900b54acc": "recover the latent heat of vaporisation", + "5711651050c2381900b54acd": "superheaters", + "5711651050c2381900b54ace": "bunker", + "5711651050c2381900b54acf": "a chain or screw stoking mechanism", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad5": "feed water", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad6": "the British", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad7": "the expansion engine dominated marine applications where high vessel speed was not essential.", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad8": ", for instance in warships, such as the dreadnought battleships,", + "5711658e50c2381900b54ad9": "1905", + "571166352419e314009555f1": "water", + "571166352419e314009555f2": "a steam turbine", + "571166352419e314009555f3": "an electrical generator", + "571166352419e314009555f4": "electric transmission", + "571166352419e314009555f5": "Sweden and for express passenger work in Britain,", + "5711669550c2381900b54adf": "a practical Carnot cycle", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae0": "the condenser", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae1": "constant pressure", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae2": "isothermal", + "5711669550c2381900b54ae3": "a liquid", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fbd": "8", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fbe": "hydrogen and helium.", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fc0": "two atoms", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fc1": "almost half of the crust's mass.", + "571a484210f8ca1400304fbf": "dioxygen", + "571bb2269499d21900609ca9": "20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere.", + "571bb2269499d21900609caa": ". However, monitoring of atmospheric oxygen levels show a global downward trend,", + "571bb2269499d21900609cab": "atomic number 8", + "571bb2269499d21900609cad": "a global downward trend,", + "571bb2269499d21900609cac": "hydrogen and helium.", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db2": "atomic number 8", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db3": "the chalcogen group", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db4": "oxides", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db5": "atomic number 8", + "571c3a685efbb31900334db6": "dioxygen", + "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94a": "photosynthesis", + "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94b": "the energy of sunlight", + "571a49de4faf5e1900b8a94c": "ultraviolet radiation,", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09c": "atomic oxygen", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09d": "organic molecules in living organisms, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and fats, contain oxygen,", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09e": "photosynthesis", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c09f": "the energy of sunlight", + "571c3c47dd7acb1400e4c0a0": "atomic oxygen", + "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd5": "Robert Boyle", + "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd6": "John Mayow", + "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd7": "spiritus nitroaereus or just nitroaereus.", + "571a4b0f10f8ca1400304fd8": "1679", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a6": "Robert Boyle proved that air is necessary for combustion. English chemist John Mayow", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a7": "spiritus nitroaereus", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a8": "the late 17th century", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0a9": "respiration", + "571c3e8cdd7acb1400e4c0aa": "John Mayow", + "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a958": "Joseph Priestley", + "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a959": "the British clergyman", + "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95b": "HgO", + "571a4d1a4faf5e1900b8a95a": "mercuric oxide", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b0": "mercuric oxide", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b1": "dephlogisticated air", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b2": "1775", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b3": "Joseph Priestley", + "571c4132dd7acb1400e4c0b4": "Joseph Priestley focused sunlight on mercuric oxide (HgO)", + "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdd": "Leonardo da Vinci", + "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fde": "Philo of Byzantium", + "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fdf": "Philo of Byzantium", + "571a4ead10f8ca1400304fe0": "through pores in the glass", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0ba": "Philo of Byzantium", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bb": "the classical element fire", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bc": "Pneumatica", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0bd": "Leonardo da Vinci", + "571c7abfdd7acb1400e4c0be": "a portion of air", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a960": "an ignition event", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a961": "Fire and explosion hazards exist when concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark,", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a962": "oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark,", + "571a50df4faf5e1900b8a963": "Fire and explosion hazards exist when concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark,", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e49": "an ignition event", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e4a": "the oxidant", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e48": "chemical energy", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e4b": "chemical energy", + "571cebc05efbb31900334e4c": "concentrated oxidants and fuels are brought into close proximity; an ignition event, such as heat or a spark,", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a968": "Concentrated O\n2", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a969": "\u2044", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96a": "1\u20443", + "571a52cb4faf5e1900b8a96b": "; and therefore the design and manufacture of O\n2 systems requires special training to ensure that ignition sources are minimized.", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a0": "combustion", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a1": "ignition sources", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a2": "Concentrated O\n2 will allow combustion to proceed rapidly and", + "571ce9bddd7acb1400e4c1a4": "the Apollo 1 crew", + "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe6": "oxygen compounds, in particular various complex silicates (in silicate minerals)", + "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe7": "carbon dioxide (CO\n2)", + "571a53d410f8ca1400304fe5": "mantle", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3e": "carbon dioxide", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e3f": "the crust, is largely composed of silicates of magnesium and iron.", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e40": "the crust", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e41": "the atmosphere in trace quantities in the form of carbon dioxide (CO\n2)", + "571ce7f25efbb31900334e42": "oxygen compounds", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c4": "monatomic and that the atoms in compounds would normally have the simplest atomic ratios with respect to one another.", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c5": "the simplest atomic ratios with respect to one another", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c6": "HO", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c7": "Amedeo Avogadro", + "571c7d55dd7acb1400e4c0c8": "Amedeo Avogadro", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0ce": "the phlogiston theory", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0cf": "uoyancy of the gaseous combustion products.", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d0": "buoyancy of the gaseous combustion products.", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d1": ").", + "571c8198dd7acb1400e4c0d2": "the phlogiston theory", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d8": "a covalent double bond", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0d9": "a covalent double bond", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0da": "a covalent double bond", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0db": "a covalent double bond", + "571c83f3dd7acb1400e4c0dc": "the filling of molecular orbitals", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e2": "1773", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e3": "1774", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e4": "Joseph Priestley", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e5": "Joseph Priestley", + "571c8539dd7acb1400e4c0e6": "phlogiston theory of combustion and corrosion", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ec": "cancellations and \u03c3 and \u03c0 overlaps results in dioxygen's double bond character and reactivity,", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ed": "two unpaired electrons", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ee": "its unpaired electrons", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0ef": "spontaneous combustion", + "571c879bdd7acb1400e4c0f0": "two unpaired electrons as found in dioxygen (see the filled \u03c0", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f6": "tin and air", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f7": "weight", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f8": "weight", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0f9": "1777", + "571c8eb9dd7acb1400e4c0fa": "azote", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c100": "tetraoxygen", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c101": "-product of automobile exhaust. The metastable molecule tetraoxygen (O\n4) was discovered in 2001,", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c102": "the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere functions as a protective radiation shield for the planet.", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c103": "a protective radiation shield", + "571c9074dd7acb1400e4c104": "ultraviolet", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10a": "elemental oxygen", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10b": "elemental oxygen", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10c": "elemental oxygen", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10d": "its energy content", + "571c91c8dd7acb1400e4c10e": "cellular respiration", + "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c114": "James Dewar", + "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c115": "1891", + "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c116": "1895", + "571c9348dd7acb1400e4c118": "oxyacetylene welding", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbc": "Oxygen", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbd": "temperature", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbe": "25 \u00b0C", + "571c96095efbb31900334dbf": "\u00b7L\u2212", + "571c96095efbb31900334dc0": "about twice as much (14", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11e": ".", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c11f": "hydrogen and helium.", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c120": "1015 tonnes)", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c121": "the Earth's biosphere, air, sea and land. Oxygen is the third most abundant chemical element in the universe,", + "571c97e2dd7acb1400e4c122": "ultraviolet radiation", + "571caac55efbb31900334dc6": "the late 19th century", + "571caac55efbb31900334dc7": "a cascade method", + "571caac55efbb31900334dc8": "Raoul Pierre Pictet", + "571caac55efbb31900334dc9": "Raoul Pierre Pictet", + "571caac55efbb31900334dca": "1883", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd0": "oxygen isotopes in samples from the Earth, the Moon, Mars,", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd1": "oxygen isotopes", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd2": "Genesis spacecraft", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd3": "an unknown process", + "571cac5d5efbb31900334dd4": ",", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c128": "Singlet oxygen is a name given to several higher-energy species of molecular O\n2 in which all the electron spins are paired.", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c129": "common organic molecules", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12a": "photosynthesis", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12b": "photolysis of ozone", + "571cb010dd7acb1400e4c12c": "Carotenoids", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c132": "Paleoclimatologists", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c133": "oxygen isotope ratio", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c134": "12", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c135": "oxygen isotope ratio", + "571cb27fdd7acb1400e4c136": "periods of lower global temperatures", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13c": "687 and 760 nm", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13d": "the carbon cycle", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13e": "spectrophotometric absorption bands peaking at the wavelengths 687 and 760 nm.", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c13f": "a satellite platform", + "571cbe35dd7acb1400e4c140": "remote sensing", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c146": "the spin magnetic moments", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c147": "liquid oxygen", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c148": "unpaired electrons", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c149": "a magnetic field", + "571cc3dedd7acb1400e4c14a": "a magnet", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334dda": "superoxide ion (O\u2212", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddb": "oxygen use in organisms. Parts of the immune system", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddc": "pathogen attack", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334ddd": "obligately anaerobic organisms", + "571cc5c45efbb31900334dde": "the Great Oxygenation Event", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de4": "20 K (\u2212182.95 \u00b0C, \u2212297.31 \u00b0F),", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de5": "condensation out of air, using liquid nitrogen as a coolant.", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de6": "fractional distillation of liquefied air", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de7": "liquid nitrogen", + "571cc6f85efbb31900334de8": "combustible materials", + "571cc8815efbb31900334dee": ".", + "571cc8815efbb31900334def": "lower temperatures", + "571cc8815efbb31900334df0": "their higher oxygen content", + "571cc8815efbb31900334df2": "algae", + "571cc8815efbb31900334df1": "biochemical oxygen demand", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c150": "the Paleoproterozoic eon", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c151": "the Paleoproterozoic eon", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c152": "banded iron formations", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c153": "1", + "571cca4add7acb1400e4c154": "the Paleoproterozoic eon", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15a": "photosynthesis", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15b": "photosynthesis", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15c": "three main reservoirs on Earth: the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the lithosphere.", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15d": "photosynthesis", + "571ccc00dd7acb1400e4c15e": "oxygen gas", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df8": "pressure swing adsorption", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334df9": "O\n2 gas", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfa": "nitrogen gas", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfb": "pressure swing adsorption", + "571ccd9b5efbb31900334dfc": "pressure swing adsorption", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c164": "acidified water", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c165": "molecular oxygen and hydrogen", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c166": "DC electricity", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c167": "electricity must be used: if AC is used, the gases in each limb consist of hydrogen and oxygen in the explosive ratio 2:1.", + "571ccfbadd7acb1400e4c168": "chemical oxygen generators or oxygen candles that are used as part of the life-support equipment on submarines,", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16e": "a placebo effect", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c16f": "a placebo effect", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c170": "a placebo effect", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c172": "a placebo effect", + "571cd11add7acb1400e4c171": "aerobic exercise", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e03": "O\n2", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e04": "carbon monoxide", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e05": "anaerobic bacteria", + "571cd3b55efbb31900334e06": "decompression sickness", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17b": "oxygen supplementation", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17a": "the heart", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c179": "oxygen supplementation", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c178": "respiration", + "571cd5b1dd7acb1400e4c17c": "gaseous oxygen", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c182": "its electronegativity", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c183": "the chemical formula", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c184": "the chemical formula", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c185": "the chemical formula", + "571cd703dd7acb1400e4c186": "corrosion", + "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18d": "cabin depressurization", + "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18e": "sodium chlorate inside the canister. A steady stream of oxygen gas is then produced by the exothermic reaction", + "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c18f": "exothermic reaction", + "571cd88ddd7acb1400e4c190": "oxygen gas", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c196": "storage methods", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c198": "specially insulated tankers,", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c197": "a liquid in specially insulated tankers,", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c199": "a liquid in specially insulated tankers,", + "571cda1bdd7acb1400e4c19a": "hospitals", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0c": "organic solvents", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0d": "an organic group): alcohols (R-OH)", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0e": "feeder materials in the synthesis of many different substances.", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e0f": "the oxygen atom", + "571cdcb85efbb31900334e10": "organic solvents", + "571cde695efbb31900334e16": "organic compounds with biological relevance, carbohydrates contain the largest proportion by mass of oxygen. All fats, fatty acids, amino acids,", + "571cde695efbb31900334e17": "squalene and the carotenes, contain no oxygen.", + "571cde695efbb31900334e18": "carbohydrates", + "571cde695efbb31900334e19": "carbohydrates contain the largest proportion by mass of oxygen. All fats, fatty acids, amino acids,", + "571cde695efbb31900334e1a": "calcium phosphate and hydroxylapatite.", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e20": "oxygen toxicity", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e21": "permanent pulmonary fibrosis", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e22": "O\n2 partial pressures greater than 160 kPa", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e23": "oxygen toxicity", + "571ce3745efbb31900334e24": "seizures", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2a": "the O\n2 partial pressure in the breathing gas is, in general, about 30 kPa (1.4 times normal),", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2b": "O\n2 partial pressure", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2c": "30 kPa", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2e": "low total pressures", + "571ce5055efbb31900334e2d": "O\n2 partial pressure", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e34": "elevated partial pressures", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e35": "partial pressures more than 50 kilopascals", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e36": "21 kPa", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e37": "oxygen masks", + "571ce6655efbb31900334e38": "about 30 kPa at standard pressure)", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952d": "October 1973", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952e": "an oil embargo", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b8952f": "1979", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89530": "an oil embargo", + "5725b33f6a3fe71400b89531": "OAPEC", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd28": "multilateral negotiations with the combatants.", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd29": "multilateral negotiations", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2a": "January 18", + "5725b5a689a1e219009abd2b": "March 1974", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4a": "August 15", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4b": "rise and fall according to market demand", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4c": "the Bretton Woods Accord", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4d": "September 1971", + "5725b76389a1e219009abd4e": "the Bretton Woods Accord", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd3": "two percent per year", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd4": "1971", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd5": "1973\u20131974", + "5725b92e38643c19005acbd6": "1971", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0bd": "1973", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0be": "the Shah of Iran", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0bf": "ten times more", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0c0": "the Shah of Iran", + "5725bad5271a42140099d0c1": "the price of oil", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0eb": "American aid to Israel", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ec": "October 16", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ed": "economic and political objectives were met.", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ee": "Congress", + "5725bcb6271a42140099d0ef": "the embargo that curbed exports to various countries and blocked all oil deliveries to the US as a \"principal hostile country\"", + "57261dab38643c19005ad037": "over 100 billion dollars", + "57261dab38643c19005ad038": "Sunni extremist groups such as Al-Qaeda and the Taliban.", + "57261dab38643c19005ad039": "the Middle East", + "57261dab38643c19005ad03a": "oil prices", + "57261dab38643c19005ad03b": "Wahhabism", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4a9": "distribution and price disruptions", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4aa": "the USSR", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4ab": "1973", + "57261f9f271a42140099d4ac": "Kissinger", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2de": "The embargo had a negative influence on the US economy by causing immediate demands to address the threats to U.S.", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2df": "automobiles", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2e0": "Macroeconomic problems", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2e1": "the Arctic", + "5726241189a1e219009ac2e2": "five to ten years", + "5726487b5951b619008f6edd": "the Netherlands", + "5726487b5951b619008f6ede": "America", + "5726487b5951b619008f6edf": "the UK", + "5726487b5951b619008f6ee0": "Israel", + "5726487b5951b619008f6ee1": "Harold Wilson", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db36": "the UK", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db37": "the embargo", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db38": "the winter of 1973\u201374", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db39": "The UK", + "572649d8f1498d1400e8db3a": "Sweden", + "57264cac708984140094c1b3": "Price controls exacerbated the crisis in the US. The system limited the price of \"old oil\"", + "57264cac708984140094c1b4": "Price controls exacerbated the crisis in the US.", + "57264cac708984140094c1b5": "Price controls", + "57264cac708984140094c1b7": "rationing", + "57264d9edd62a815002e80fe": "William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office, a short-", + "57264d9edd62a815002e80ff": "1973", + "57264d9edd62a815002e8100": "the Federal Energy Office", + "57264d9edd62a815002e8101": "the last week of February 1974", + "57264efddd62a815002e8134": "a national maximum speed limit", + "57264efddd62a815002e8135": "the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act", + "57264efddd62a815002e8136": "Bill Clinton", + "57264efddd62a815002e8137": "1995", + "57264efddd62a815002e8138": "1977", + "572650325951b619008f6fa9": "The energy crisis", + "572650325951b619008f6faa": "market and technology realities", + "572650325951b619008f6fab": "congresses and presidents", + "57265200708984140094c237": "the United States", + "57265200708984140094c238": "British Prime Minister Edward Heath", + "57265200708984140094c239": "10 years", + "57265200708984140094c23a": "the Arabs", + "57265360dd62a815002e819a": "Japan", + "57265360dd62a815002e819b": "Arab oil", + "57265360dd62a815002e819c": "change its noninvolvement policy", + "57265360dd62a815002e819d": "November 22", + "57265360dd62a815002e819e": "December 25", + "57265526708984140094c2bd": "Saudi Arabia and Iran became increasingly dependent on American security assurances to manage both external and internal threats,", + "57265526708984140094c2be": "Saudi Arabia and Iran", + "57265526708984140094c2bf": "Saudi Arabia and Iran", + "57265526708984140094c2c0": "January 1979", + "57265526708984140094c2c1": "November 1979", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823a": ".", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823b": ",", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823c": "V8 and six cylinder engines", + "5726581fdd62a815002e823d": "Japanese imports", + "572659535951b619008f703f": "1981", + "572659535951b619008f7040": "the Toyota Corona Mark II", + "572659535951b619008f7041": "passenger space and amenities such as air conditioning, power steering, AM-FM radios,", + "572659535951b619008f7042": "Lexus and Infiniti, respectively)", + "57265a58dd62a815002e8270": "the Toyota Hilux and the Datsun Truck, followed by the Mazda Truck (sold as the Ford Courier)", + "57265a58dd62a815002e8271": "the Dodge D-50 a few years after the oil crisis. Mazda, Mitsubishi and Isuzu had joint partnerships with Ford, Chrysler,", + "57265a58dd62a815002e8272": ",", + "57265a58dd62a815002e8273": "captive import policy", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e829e": "the 1973 crisis", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e829f": "four passengers", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a0": "1974", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a1": "The Cadillac DeVille and Fleetwood, Buick Electra, Oldsmobile 98, Lincoln Continental, Mercury Marquis,", + "57265bdfdd62a815002e82a2": "-cylinder engines and room for at least four passengers by the late 1970s.", + "57265ceddd62a815002e82b8": "1979", + "57265ceddd62a815002e82b9": "1981", + "57265ceddd62a815002e82ba": ".", + "57265e11708984140094c3bb": "1981", + "57265e11708984140094c3bc": "1981", + "57265e11708984140094c3bd": "market share", + "57265e11708984140094c3be": "OPEC soon lost its preeminent position, and in 1981, its production was surpassed by that of other countries.", + "5725b41838643c19005acb7f": "Project Apollo", + "5725b41838643c19005acb80": "the National Aeronautics and Space Administration", + "5725b41838643c19005acb81": "1968", + "5725b41838643c19005acb82": "President John F", + "5725b41838643c19005acb83": "three", + "5725b56589a1e219009abd20": "1961 to 1972", + "5725b56589a1e219009abd21": "Gemini missions", + "5725b56589a1e219009abd22": "the Soviet Union", + "5725b56589a1e219009abd23": "Skylab", + "5725b64d89a1e219009abd40": "1967", + "5725b64d89a1e219009abd41": "a 1967 Apollo 1 cabin fire", + "5725b64d89a1e219009abd42": "Budget cuts", + "5725b64d89a1e219009abd43": "six missions achieved successful landings, but the Apollo 13", + "5725b64d89a1e219009abd44": "an oxygen tank explosion", + "5725b77889a1e219009abd54": "Apollo 8", + "5725b77889a1e219009abd55": "Apollo 17", + "5725b77889a1e219009abd56": "842 pounds", + "5725b77889a1e219009abd57": "technology", + "5725b888ec44d21400f3d453": "one astronaut", + "5725b888ec44d21400f3d454": "three astronauts", + "5725b888ec44d21400f3d455": "Abe Silverstein", + "5725b888ec44d21400f3d457": "three astronauts. Possible missions included ferrying crews to a space station, circumlunar flights, and eventual manned lunar landings", + "5725b888ec44d21400f3d456": "early 1960", + "5725ba5038643c19005acbe7": "1960", + "5725ba5038643c19005acbe8": "Maxime Faget", + "5725ba5038643c19005acbe9": "three industry designs.", + "5725ba5038643c19005acbea": "Hugh L. Dryden", + "5725bb34271a42140099d0c7": "John F", + "5725bb34271a42140099d0c8": "the Soviet Union", + "5725bb34271a42140099d0c9": "a decision on the status of the Apollo program", + "5725bb34271a42140099d0ca": "James E. Webb", + "5725bb34271a42140099d0cb": "a symbol of national prestige", + "5725bc7138643c19005acc1d": "Yuri Gagarin", + "5725bc7138643c19005acc1e": "the Soviet Union", + "5725bc7138643c19005acc1f": "one day", + "5725bc7138643c19005acc20": "refusing to make a commitment", + "5725bd4b38643c19005acc31": "April 20", + "5725bd4b38643c19005acc32": "Lyndon B. Johnson", + "5725bd4b38643c19005acc33": "one week", + "5725bd4b38643c19005acc34": "Kennedy", + "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a5": "Administrator Webb", + "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a6": "Houston", + "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a7": "Houston", + "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a8": "Rice University", + "5725be0fec44d21400f3d4a9": "Cape Canaveral Air Force Station launch facilities in Florida, so a new Mission Control Center would be included in the MSC.", + "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdce": "Merritt Island", + "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdcf": "Wernher von Braun", + "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd0": "Director", + "5725bf2e89a1e219009abdd1": "Kennedy", + "5725c01389a1e219009abdd7": "three", + "5725c01389a1e219009abdd8": "Gemini and Apollo spacecraft were initially received prior to being mated to their launch vehicles. The Apollo spacecraft", + "5725c01389a1e219009abdd9": "atmospheric pressure", + "5725c01389a1e219009abdd6": "130 million cubic foot", + "5725c123271a42140099d131": "Mueller", + "5725c123271a42140099d132": "1963", + "5725c123271a42140099d133": "Robert Seamans", + "5725c123271a42140099d134": "Mueller.", + "5725c2a038643c19005acc6b": "management", + "5725c2a038643c19005acc6c": "the United States Air Force", + "5725c2a038643c19005acc6d": "the United States Air Force", + "5725c2a038643c19005acc6e": "1964", + "5725c2a038643c19005acc6f": "Apollo Program Director", + "5725c4c289a1e219009abe44": "a rendezvous", + "5725c4c289a1e219009abe45": "early 1961", + "5725c4c289a1e219009abe46": "Robert Seamans", + "5725c604271a42140099d185": "Golovin", + "5725c604271a42140099d186": "July 1961", + "5725c604271a42140099d187": "the Manned Spacecraft Center", + "5725c604271a42140099d188": "Joseph Shea", + "5725c604271a42140099d189": "the Manned Spacecraft Center", + "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d531": "Jerome Wiesner", + "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d532": "Golovin", + "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d533": "Jerome Wiesner", + "5725c6dcec44d21400f3d534": "July 11", + "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a1": "Wiesner kept up the pressure, even making the disagreement public during a two-", + "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a2": ",", + "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a3": "Lunar Excursion Module", + "5725c7f5271a42140099d1a4": "Grumman", + "5725c948ec44d21400f3d577": "allowing the lander spacecraft to be used as a \"lifeboat\"", + "5725c948ec44d21400f3d578": "Apollo 13", + "5725c948ec44d21400f3d579": "electrical power and life support", + "5725c948ec44d21400f3d57a": "1964", + "5725ca35271a42140099d1c1": "a cone", + "5725ca35271a42140099d1c2": "Service Module", + "5725ca35271a42140099d1c3": "two men", + "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec8": "three astronauts", + "5725cb4a89a1e219009abec9": "an Earth ocean", + "5725cb4a89a1e219009abeca": "an ablative heat shield", + "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecb": "Parachutes", + "5725cb4a89a1e219009abecc": "three astronauts", + "5725cc2038643c19005acd1b": "a fuel cell power generation system", + "5725cc2038643c19005acd1c": ") fully fueled, while a later version designed to carry a lunar orbit scientific instrument package weighed just over 54,000 pounds (24,000 kg)", + "5725cc2038643c19005acd1d": "a lunar orbit scientific instrument package weighed just over 54,000 pounds (24,000 kg).", + "5725cc2038643c19005acd1e": "fully fueled", + "5725cc2038643c19005acd1f": "an orbital scientific instrument package", + "5725cda338643c19005acd3f": "North American Aviation", + "5725cda338643c19005acd40": "the service propulsion engine", + "5725cda338643c19005acd41": "1964", + "5725cda338643c19005acd42": "the Saturn V", + "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0a": "two astronauts", + "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0b": "over 3 days", + "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0d": "approximately 33,300 pounds", + "5725ceb989a1e219009abf0e": "3 days", + "5725d01989a1e219009abf28": "Wernher von Braun", + "5725d01989a1e219009abf29": "the Army", + "5725d01989a1e219009abf2b": "1962", + "5725d0e3271a42140099d235": "dummy upper stages filled with water. The first flight with a live S-IV was launched from LC-37.", + "5725d0e3271a42140099d236": "1964 and 1965", + "5725d0e3271a42140099d237": "Pegasus satellites", + "5725d0e3271a42140099d238": "the frequency and severity of micrometeorite impacts", + "5725d2ef271a42140099d255": "Saturn IB", + "5725d2ef271a42140099d256": "890 kN", + "5725d2ef271a42140099d257": "the second stage", + "5725d2ef271a42140099d258": "(18,100 kg)", + "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65b": "Saturn V", + "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65c": "33 feet (10.1 m)", + "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65d": "three", + "5725d403ec44d21400f3d65e": "translunar injection", + "5725d51589a1e219009abf6e": "Project Mercury and Gemini veterans", + "5725d51589a1e219009abf6f": "three", + "5725d51589a1e219009abf70": "Harrison Schmitt", + "5725d51589a1e219009abf71": "Apollo 17", + "5725d51589a1e219009abf72": "Harrison Schmitt", + "5725d61038643c19005acdd3": "32 of these astronauts its highest honor, the Distinguished Service Medal, given for \"distinguished service, ability,", + "5725d61038643c19005acdd4": "the Distinguished Service Medals", + "5725d61038643c19005acdd5": "1969", + "5725d61038643c19005acdd6": "discipline problems", + "5725d61038643c19005acdd7": "Schirra and Eisele.", + "5725d6cb38643c19005acde7": "1966", + "5725d6cb38643c19005acde8": "February 26", + "5725d6cb38643c19005acde9": "August 25", + "5725d6cb38643c19005acdea": "the Service Module engine", + "5725d79e89a1e219009abf90": ") and Lunar Module Pilot (LMP)", + "5725d79e89a1e219009abf91": "a new Apollo spacesuit", + "5725d79e89a1e219009abf92": "visor helmet", + "5725d79e89a1e219009abf93": "water", + "5725d79e89a1e219009abf94": "Lunar Module Pilot", + "5725d8a3271a42140099d28f": "Deke Slayton", + "5725d8a3271a42140099d290": "the Gemini and Apollo programs", + "5725d8a3271a42140099d291": "January 1966", + "5725d8a3271a42140099d292": "Grissom", + "5725d8a3271a42140099d293": "the first Apollo crew", + "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69b": "December 1966", + "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69c": "August 1967", + "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69d": "space experiments and contribute no new engineering knowledge about the spacecraft.", + "5725d94bec44d21400f3d69e": "the Apollo 1 backup crew", + "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ab": "Samuel Phillips", + "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ac": "tiger team", + "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ad": "1967", + "5725da63ec44d21400f3d6ae": "Manned Space Flight Administrator George Mueller", + "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bd": "North American", + "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6be": "Grissom, White, and Chaffee decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight.", + "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6bf": "a launch countdown", + "5725db4aec44d21400f3d6c0": "North American", + "5725dc1638643c19005ace01": "an electrical fire", + "5725dc1638643c19005ace02": "1967", + "5725dc1638643c19005ace03": "an electrical fire", + "5725dc1638643c19005ace04": "an electrical fire", + "5725dc1638643c19005ace05": "oxygen", + "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe2": "both houses of Congress", + "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe3": "Harrison Storms", + "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe4": "George Low", + "5725dd1689a1e219009abfe5": "both houses of Congress", + "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ed": "nitrogen", + "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ee": "flammable cabin and space suit materials", + "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6ef": "outward opening door", + "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f0": "the fire", + "5725de30ec44d21400f3d6f1": "Block II space suits", + "5725df1838643c19005ace15": "a sequence of mission types", + "5725df1838643c19005ace16": "Mueller approved a sequence of mission types which had to be successfully accomplished in order to achieve the manned lunar landing", + "5725df1838643c19005ace17": "letters", + "5725e08389a1e219009ac010": "pogo oscillation", + "5725e08389a1e219009ac011": "the Service Module engine", + "5725e08389a1e219009ac012": "1968", + "5725e08389a1e219009ac013": "a third unmanned test", + "5725e152271a42140099d2cd": "Apollo 5", + "5725e152271a42140099d2ce": "pad 37", + "5725e152271a42140099d2cf": "Grumman", + "5725e152271a42140099d2d0": "a computer programming error", + "5725e152271a42140099d2d1": "the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit, launched from pad 37 on January 22, 1968,", + "5725e28f38643c19005ace23": "a Saturn V", + "5725e28f38643c19005ace24": "Zond 5", + "5725e28f38643c19005ace25": "Christmas Eve", + "5725e28f38643c19005ace26": "the bold step of sending Apollo 8 to orbit the Moon instead, deferring the D mission to the next mission in March 1969,", + "5725e28f38643c19005ace27": "human cosmonauts", + "5725e36f89a1e219009ac038": "Neil Armstrong", + "5725e36f89a1e219009ac039": "July 1969", + "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03a": "television", + "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03b": "Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin", + "5725e36f89a1e219009ac03c": "July 24", + "5725e44238643c19005ace35": "Apollo 12", + "5725e44238643c19005ace36": "the Surveyor 3", + "5725e44238643c19005ace37": "two EVAs", + "5725e44238643c19005ace38": "the Sun", + "5725e547ec44d21400f3d71f": "the Saturn V.", + "5725e547ec44d21400f3d720": "the Block II spacesuit", + "5725e547ec44d21400f3d721": "eight", + "5725e547ec44d21400f3d722": "three days", + "5725e547ec44d21400f3d723": "the mass of the CSM and LM for the last five missions, along with the payload capacity of the Saturn V.", + "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d729": "a liquid oxygen tank", + "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72a": "two rookies", + "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72b": "NASA", + "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72c": "a liquid oxygen tank", + "5725e6f6ec44d21400f3d72d": "April 1970", + "5725e95f89a1e219009ac086": "Apollo 20", + "5725e95f89a1e219009ac087": ", Louisiana,", + "5725e95f89a1e219009ac088": "Apollo 20", + "5725e95f89a1e219009ac089": "1971", + "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09e": "radiometric dating techniques", + "5725ea6889a1e219009ac09f": "the Apollo Program", + "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a0": "KREEP", + "5725ea6889a1e219009ac0a1": "the Genesis Rock", + "5725eb8a38643c19005ace7f": "impact process effects", + "5725eb8a38643c19005ace80": "evidence of impact process effects", + "5725eb8a38643c19005ace81": "evidence of impact process effects", + "5725ec7538643c19005ace8f": "170 billion", + "5725ec7538643c19005ace90": "15", + "5725ec7538643c19005ace91": "109 billion in 2010 dollars.", + "5725ee6438643c19005aceb3": "Apollo X", + "5725ee6438643c19005aceb4": "the Apollo Applications Program", + "5725ee6438643c19005aceb5": "Venus", + "5725ef6838643c19005acece": "1973", + "5725ef6838643c19005acecf": "the ground", + "5725ef6838643c19005aced0": "1974", + "5725ef6838643c19005aced1": "an Apollo Telescope Mount", + "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0be": "Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter", + "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0bf": "the Apollo 11 mission", + "5725f07f89a1e219009ac0c0": "one", + "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cc": "Apollo 8", + "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cd": "the Book of Genesis", + "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0ce": "one", + "5725f16f89a1e219009ac0cf": "Christmas", + "5725f239271a42140099d35d": "the lunar television camera", + "5725f239271a42140099d35e": "magnetic telemetry tapes", + "5725f239271a42140099d35f": "a magnetic tape shortage", + "5725f239271a42140099d360": "satellite data", + "5725f239271a42140099d361": "Stan Lebar, who led the team that designed and built the lunar television camera at Westinghouse Electric Corporation, also worked with Nafzger", + "5725f39638643c19005acef7": "Nafzger", + "5725f39638643c19005acef8": "random noise and camera shake", + "5725f39638643c19005acef9": "kinescope recordings", + "5725f39638643c19005acefa": "Lowry Digital", + "5725f39638643c19005acefb": "Lowry Digital", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5c": "secondary law and supplementary law.", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5d": "three sources of European Union law", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5e": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd5f": "secondary law and supplementary law.", + "5725b7f389a1e219009abd60": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", + "5725c28a271a42140099d14d": "three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law.", + "5725c28a271a42140099d14e": "three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law.", + "5725c28a271a42140099d14f": "secondary law and supplementary law.", + "5725c28a271a42140099d150": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", + "57268b43dd62a815002e88f0": "secondary law and supplementary law.", + "57268b43dd62a815002e88f1": "the Treaties establishing the European Union", + "57268b43dd62a815002e88f2": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union", + "57268b43dd62a815002e88f3": "three", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d1": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d2": "the European Commission", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d3": "the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d4": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5725bbec271a42140099d0d5": "international law and general principles of European Union law.", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d503": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union.", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d504": "the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d505": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5725c3a9ec44d21400f3d506": "international law and general principles of European Union law.", + "57268bf9dd62a815002e890a": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "57268bf9dd62a815002e890b": "the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union.", + "57268bf9dd62a815002e890c": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "57268bf9dd62a815002e890d": "international law and general principles of European Union law.", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d549": "the Treaties", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54a": "The European Commission", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54b": "member states and citizens", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54c": "The European Court of Justice", + "5725c743ec44d21400f3d54d": "European Council", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb4": "the Treaty on European Union", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb5": "the Faroe Islands", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb6": "primary law", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb7": "the founding treaties", + "5725ca4389a1e219009abeb8": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e894e": "the founding treaties", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e894f": "Gibraltar and the \u00c5", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e8950": "as soon as they enter into force", + "57268d2ddd62a815002e8951": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bb": "the Treaty of Rome 1957", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bc": "the Treaty of Rome 1957 and the Maastricht Treaty", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bd": "a series of accession treaties", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5be": "Denmark and Norway in 1972 (though Norway did not end up joining)", + "5725cc38ec44d21400f3d5bf": "Greenland", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b0": "the Treaty of Rome 1957", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b1": "1992", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b2": "1986", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b3": "1972", + "57268e2bf1498d1400e8e3b4": "1985", + "57264865dd62a815002e8062": "2004", + "57264865dd62a815002e8063": "France and the referendum in the Netherlands", + "57264865dd62a815002e8064": "the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force.", + "57264865dd62a815002e8065": "an amending treaty", + "57264865dd62a815002e8066": "an amending treaty", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c4": "the constitutional law of the European Union", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c5": "a single constitutional document", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c6": "the referendum in France and the referendum in the Netherlands, the 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never came into force. Instead, the Lisbon Treaty", + "57268f2bf1498d1400e8e3c7": "the Lisbon Treaty", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808c": "The European Commission", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808d": "The European Commission", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808e": "the President", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e808f": "the President and the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy (currently Federica Mogherini)", + "57264a8cdd62a815002e8090": "Federica Mogherini", + "572691545951b619008f76e1": "the Treaty of Lisbon", + "572691545951b619008f76e2": "the President", + "572691545951b619008f76e3": "a simple majority vote", + "572691545951b619008f76e4": "Ireland", + "572691545951b619008f76e5": "the Commissioners", + "57264e455951b619008f6f65": "the Santer Commission", + "57264e455951b619008f6f66": "her dentist a job, for which he was clearly unqualified, did in fact not break any law.", + "57264e455951b619008f6f67": "a Committee of Independent Experts", + "57264e455951b619008f6f68": "the European Council", + "57264e455951b619008f6f69": "the European Council", + "5726926a5951b619008f7709": "1999", + "5726926a5951b619008f770a": "the European Court of Justice", + "5726926a5951b619008f770b": "a Committee of Independent Experts", + "5726926a5951b619008f770c": "the Commission, the European Central Bank has relative executive autonomy in its conduct of monetary policy for the purpose of managing the euro.", + "5726926a5951b619008f770d": "2012", + "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbee": "the Commission and Council", + "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbef": "the Commission and Council, meaning power (\"kratia\"", + "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf0": "every five years", + "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf1": "the Parliament", + "572651f9f1498d1400e8dbf2": "the Commission and Council", + "5726938af1498d1400e8e446": "the Commission and Council", + "5726938af1498d1400e8e447": "the Commission and Council", + "5726938af1498d1400e8e448": "1979", + "5726938af1498d1400e8e449": "every five years", + "5726938af1498d1400e8e44a": "the Party of European Socialists leads the opposition. Parties do not receive public funds from the EU, as the Court of Justice held in Parti \u00e9", + "5726545f708984140094c2a5": "different ministers of the member states", + "5726545f708984140094c2a6": "Donald Tusk", + "5726545f708984140094c2a7": "inversely to member state size", + "5726545f708984140094c2a8": "352 votes", + "5726545f708984140094c2a9": "260", + "57269424dd62a815002e8a1e": "the governments of the member states,", + "57269424dd62a815002e8a1f": "six months", + "57269424dd62a815002e8a20": "352 votes", + "57269424dd62a815002e8a21": "a qualified majority vote", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fa": "absolute and qualified majority", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fb": "absolute and qualified majority", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fc": "absolute and qualified majority.", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fd": "articles 4 and 5", + "572656e4dd62a815002e81fe": "the Court of Justice", + "572695285951b619008f774b": "TFEU article 294", + "572695285951b619008f774c": "the Parliament and Council to approve by absolute and qualified majority.", + "572695285951b619008f774d": "TEU articles 4 and 5", + "572695285951b619008f774e": "the Parliament and Council to approve by absolute and qualified majority.", + "572658435951b619008f7025": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "572658435951b619008f7026": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "572658435951b619008f7027": "28", + "572658435951b619008f7028": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "572658435951b619008f7029": "the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e484": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e485": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e486": "the Court of Justice of the European Union", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e487": "three years", + "5726965ef1498d1400e8e488": "the ultimate court to interpret questions of EU law", + "57265e455951b619008f70bb": "the principle of the precedence of Community law", + "57265e455951b619008f70bc": "the Treaty provisions only the Commission could have brought a claim, not Mr Costa.", + "57265e455951b619008f70bd": "1964 and 1968", + "5726975c708984140094cb1f": "the Court of Justice, the \"directly applicable measures of the institutions\"", + "5726975c708984140094cb20": "1964", + "5726975c708984140094cb21": "the European Court of Justice", + "572699db5951b619008f7799": "German constitutional principles", + "572699db5951b619008f779a": "democracy and human rights", + "572699db5951b619008f779b": "Solange I and Solange II", + "572699db5951b619008f779d": "the ultimate authority of member states", + "572699db5951b619008f779c": "the Solange I and Solange II", + "57269aa65951b619008f77ab": "administrative law", + "57269aa65951b619008f77ac": "1986", + "57269aa65951b619008f77ad": "standards of proportionality", + "57269aa65951b619008f77ae": "administrative law", + "57269bb8708984140094cb95": "TFEU article 288", + "57269bb8708984140094cb96": "article 30", + "57269bb8708984140094cb97": "a postal company", + "57269bb8708984140094cb98": "TFEU article 288", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b12": "standing to make claims based on national laws that implement Directives, but not from Directives themselves. Directives do not have so called \"horizontal\"", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b13": "4 weeks", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b14": "28 days", + "57269cc3dd62a815002e8b15": "the early 1990s", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e516": "a citizen or company can invoke a Directive, not just in a dispute with a public authority,", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e517": "a citizen or company can invoke a Directive, not just in a dispute with a public authority,", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e518": "10 years", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e519": "British Gas plc, which made women retire at age 60 and men at 65,", + "57269e3bf1498d1400e8e51a": "25", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e534": "The Court of Justice", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e535": "the duty of interpretation", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e536": "the duty of interpretation", + "57269f3ef1498d1400e8e537": "6 million Lira", + "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e550": "the European Court of Justice", + "5726a00cf1498d1400e8e551": "fundamental rights (see human rights), proportionality, legal certainty, equality before the law and subsidiarity.", + "5726a09f708984140094cc39": "the European Court of Justice", + "5726a09f708984140094cc3a": "the European Court of Justice", + "5726a09f708984140094cc3b": "the general principle of proportionality", + "5726a14c708984140094cc51": "the European Court of Justice", + "5726a14c708984140094cc52": "the principles of legal certainty and good faith", + "5726a14c708984140094cc53": "a proper legal basis", + "5726a14c708984140094cc54": "the principles of legal certainty and good faith", + "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b86": "the constitutions of member states", + "5726a1e5dd62a815002e8b87": "fundamental rights recognised and protected in the constitutions of member states", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9e": "the European Convention on Human Rights in 1950", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8b9f": "the European Union and its institutions", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba0": "1950", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba1": "the European Court of Human Rights", + "5726a299dd62a815002e8ba2": "1999", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59e": "12 December 2007", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e59f": "the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union of 7 December 2000,", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a0": "European Union law", + "5726a34bf1498d1400e8e5a1": "the European Court of Justice", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5ae": "the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5af": "1997", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b0": "1989", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b1": "30 general principles", + "5726a3c6f1498d1400e8e5b2": "40 pieces of legislation", + "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd0": "11 of the then 12 member states", + "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd1": "the UK", + "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd2": "an Agreement on Social Policy", + "5726a46cdd62a815002e8bd3": "1992", + "5726a5525951b619008f78dd": "the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam", + "5726a5525951b619008f78de": "1997", + "5726a5525951b619008f78df": "the 1994 Works Council Directive", + "5726a5525951b619008f78e0": "1996", + "5726a5525951b619008f78e1": "workforce consultation", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf6": "Luxembourg and Germany in 1951 following the second World War.", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf7": "1951", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf8": "cartels", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bf9": "article 66", + "5726a638dd62a815002e8bfa": "1957", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e654": "Article 101", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e655": "price discrimination and exclusive dealing", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e656": "Articles 106 and 107", + "5726a7ecf1498d1400e8e657": "Article 102", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b55": "2007", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b56": "the Treaty of Rome 1957", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b57": "consumer prices", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b58": "free trade, to prioritise other values such as public health, consumer protection, labour rights, fair competition, and environmental improvement.", + "5726b58f5951b619008f7b59": "the European Union", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbe": "the article 36 justification", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dbf": "the Court of Justice", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc0": "the free movement of goods", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc1": "Commission v France", + "5726b718dd62a815002e8dc2": "protest", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e8": "25 per cent", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8e9": "France", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ea": "2009", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8eb": "cocoa butter", + "5726b929f1498d1400e8e8ec": "TFEU article 36", + "5726ba2c708984140094cf59": "Keck and Mithouard", + "5726ba2c708984140094cf5a": "prevent cut throat competition", + "5726ba2c708984140094cf5b": "De Agostini the Court of Justice reviewed Swedish bans on advertising to children under age 12, and misleading commercials for skin care products.", + "5726ba2c708984140094cf5c": "TFEU article 34", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e74": "Mr Steymann", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e75": "the European Community", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e76": "citizenship", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e77": "Mr Steymann", + "5726baf2dd62a815002e8e78": "(paradoxically at the same time). Nevertheless, practically \"all available research finds little impact\"", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea6": "TFEU article 45", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea7": "Mr Angonese", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea8": "Gaelic", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8ea9": "TFEU article 45", + "5726bc1add62a815002e8eaa": "\" and were unlawful unless they could be justified in the public interest,", + "5726bcde708984140094cfbf": "Citizenship of the EU", + "5726bcde708984140094cfc0": "social services", + "5726bcde708984140094cfc1": "Commission v Austria", + "5726bcde708984140094cfc2": "higher education, along with other forms of vocational training, should be more access, albeit with qualifying periods.", + "5726c002708984140094d073": "TFEU article 49", + "5726c002708984140094d074": "TFEU article 49", + "5726c002708984140094d075": "Reyners v Belgium", + "5726c002708984140094d076": "TFEU article 49", + "5726c002708984140094d077": "Commission v Italy", + "5726c19add62a815002e8f8a": "2006", + "5726c19add62a815002e8f8b": "shipping toxic waste", + "5726c19add62a815002e8f8c": "October 2007", + "5726c19add62a815002e8f8d": "2005 at the Court of Justice", + "5726c3da708984140094d0d9": "people who give services \"for remuneration\", especially commercial or professional activity.", + "5726c3da708984140094d0da": "article 56", + "5726c3da708984140094d0db": "narcotic drugs", + "5726c3da708984140094d0dc": "TFEU article 56", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac4": "the Daily Mail newspaper", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac5": ", and low corporate taxes as a result. Similarly in \u00dc", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac6": "), and the right of the state to determine conditions for companies incorporated in its territory,", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac7": "TFEU article 49.", + "5726c5a9f1498d1400e8eac8": "Nordic Construction GmbH", + "5725b81b271a42140099d097": "Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America.", + "5725b81b271a42140099d098": ".", + "5725b81b271a42140099d099": "nine nations", + "5725b81b271a42140099d09a": "States or departments in four nations contain \"Amazonas\" in their names. The Amazon represents over half of the planet's remaining rainforests,", + "5725b81b271a42140099d09b": "over half of the planet's remaining rainforests,", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9efe": "Amazoneregenwoud", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9eff": "The Amazon rainforest", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9f00": "Brazil", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9f01": "over half of the planet's remaining rainforests,", + "5728349dff5b5019007d9f02": "16", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c4": "a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America.", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c5": "\u00f4nia; Spanish: Selva Amaz\u00f3nica, Amazon\u00eda or usually Amazonia; French: For\u00ea", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c6": "nine nations", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c7": "Brazil", + "5729e2316aef0514001550c8": "390 billion individual trees divided into 16", + "5725be0f271a42140099d117": "the extinction of the dinosaurs and the wetter climate", + "5725be0f271a42140099d118": "Climate fluctuations during the last 34 million years", + "5725be0f271a42140099d119": "the Oligocene", + "5725be0f271a42140099d11a": "the last glacial maximum", + "5725be0f271a42140099d11b": "a broad diversity of species.", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f94": "the extinction of the dinosaurs", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f95": "45", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f96": "Climate fluctuations", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f97": "the Oligocene", + "57283adcff5b5019007d9f98": "the last glacial maximum", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b5": "the Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b6": "66\u201334 Mya", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b7": "the last glacial maximum", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b8": "the last glacial maximum", + "5729e500af94a219006aa6b9": "34 million years", + "5725c071271a42140099d127": "the Purus Arch", + "5725c071271a42140099d128": "the Atlantic", + "5725c071271a42140099d129": "the Solim\u00f5es Basin", + "5725c071271a42140099d12a": "5\u201310 million years", + "5725c071271a42140099d12b": "the Solim\u00f5es Basin", + "57283d173acd2414000df78f": "5\u201310 million years", + "57283d173acd2414000df790": "the Atlantic", + "57283d173acd2414000df791": "the Solim\u00f5es Basin", + "57283d173acd2414000df792": "the Amazonas Basin", + "57283d173acd2414000df793": "the Solim\u00f5es Basin", + "5729e6313f37b319004785a9": "5\u201310 million years", + "5729e6313f37b319004785aa": "the Purus Arch", + "5729e6313f37b319004785ab": "the Solim\u00f5es Basin", + "5729e6313f37b319004785ac": "the Atlantic", + "5729e6313f37b319004785ad": "the Solim\u00f5es Basin", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50b": "the Last Glacial Maximum", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50c": "moist tropical vegetation cover", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50d": "data sampling is biased away from the center of the Amazon basin,", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50e": "data sampling", + "5725c41eec44d21400f3d50f": "the available data", + "572841772ca10214002da1a6": "the Last Glacial Maximum", + "572841772ca10214002da1a7": "the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation", + "572841772ca10214002da1a8": "sediment deposits from Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall in the basin during the LGM was lower than for the present,", + "572841772ca10214002da1a9": "reduced moist tropical vegetation cover", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa779": "the LGM", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77a": "sediment deposits", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77b": "moist tropical vegetation cover in the basin.", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77c": "open forest and grassland", + "572a0bfaaf94a219006aa77d": "the practical limitations of working in the rainforest mean that data sampling", + "5725c63438643c19005acc9f": "CALIPSO", + "5725c63438643c19005acca0": "182", + "5725c63438643c19005acca1": "15 degrees west longitude", + "5725c63438643c19005acca2": "the Amazon basin", + "5725c63438643c19005acca3": "132", + "5728455bff5b5019007da078": "CALIPSO", + "5728455bff5b5019007da079": "182", + "5728455bff5b5019007da07a": "182", + "5728455bff5b5019007da07b": "132 million tons", + "5728455bff5b5019007da07c": "43 million tons of dust are windblown and falls on the Caribbean Sea, past 75 degrees west longitude.", + "5729ea263f37b319004785bd": "CALIPSO", + "5729ea263f37b319004785be": "NASA", + "5729ea263f37b319004785bf": "182", + "5729ea263f37b319004785c0": "15 degrees west longitude", + "5729ea263f37b319004785c1": "182", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf3": "Amazonia", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf4": "a population density of 0", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf5": "agriculture", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf6": "recent anthropological findings", + "5725c95f38643c19005accf7": "5 million people may have lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500, divided between dense coastal settlements, such as that at Maraj\u00f3", + "572847dd4b864d19001648bc": "population density", + "572847dd4b864d19001648bd": "Betty Meggers", + "572847dd4b864d19001648be": "2 inhabitants per square kilometre", + "572847dd4b864d19001648bf": "Amazonia", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6c9": "Betty Meggers", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6ca": "Betty Meggers", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cb": "Betty Meggers", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cc": "5 million people", + "5729eb34af94a219006aa6cd": "Betty Meggers was a prominent proponent of this idea, as described in her book Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise.", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed2": "Francisco de Orellana", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed3": "the 1540s", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed4": "smallpox", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed5": "Ondemar Dias", + "5725cbb289a1e219009abed6": "the 1540s", + "5729edd56aef051400155112": "Francisco de Orellana", + "5729edd56aef051400155113": "1542", + "5729edd56aef051400155114": "AD 0\u20131250", + "5729edd56aef051400155115": "Ondemar Dias", + "5729edd56aef051400155116": "Francisco de Orellana", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd61": "black earth", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd62": "indigenous soil management", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd63": "agriculture and silviculture", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd64": "the Xingu tribe", + "5725cf3238643c19005acd65": "the Xingu tribe", + "5729ef266aef05140015511c": "Terra preta", + "5729ef266aef05140015511d": "agriculture and silviculture", + "5729ef266aef05140015511e": "the Xingu tribe", + "5729ef266aef05140015511f": "Michael Heckenberger", + "5729ef266aef051400155120": "Michael Heckenberger and colleagues of the University of Florida.", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61b": "tens of thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61c": "the Amazon", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61d": "at least 40,000 plant species, 2,200 fishes, 1,294 birds, 427 mammals, 428 amphibians,", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61e": "one in five", + "5725d16aec44d21400f3d61f": "96,660 and 128,843 invertebrate species in Brazil alone.", + "5729f0db6aef051400155126": ",", + "5729f0db6aef051400155127": "one in five", + "5729f0db6aef051400155128": "at least 40", + "5729f0db6aef051400155129": "378", + "5729f0db6aef05140015512a": "one in five", + "5726722bdd62a815002e8528": "one square kilometer (247 acres) of Amazon rainforest can contain about 90,790 tonnes of living plants.", + "5726722bdd62a815002e8529": "16", + "5726722bdd62a815002e852a": "356 \u00b1", + "5726722bdd62a815002e852b": "356 \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", + "5726722bdd62a815002e852c": "438", + "5729f2646aef051400155130": "plant species", + "5729f2646aef051400155131": "one 2001 study finding a quarter square kilometer (62 acres) of Ecuadorian rainforest supports more than 1,100 tree species.", + "5729f2646aef051400155132": "about 90", + "5729f2646aef051400155133": "356 \u00b1 47 tonnes per hectare", + "5729f2646aef051400155134": "438", + "5729f3831d0469140077967b": "electric eels", + "5729f3831d0469140077967c": "the black caiman", + "5729f3831d0469140077967d": "piranha", + "5729f3831d0469140077967e": "lipophilic alkaloid toxins", + "5729f3831d0469140077967f": "Vampire bats", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa72f": "deforestation", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa730": "the early 1960s", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa731": "the slash and burn method", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa732": "deforestation and caused extensive environmental damage. Deforestation is considerable,", + "5729fd56af94a219006aa733": "deforestation", + "5729feaf6aef051400155188": "415,000 to 587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi)", + "5729feaf6aef051400155189": "587,000 square kilometres (160,000 to 227,000 sq mi)", + "5729feaf6aef05140015518a": "livestock pasture", + "5729feaf6aef05140015518b": "the United States", + "5729feaf6aef05140015518c": ", the less precipitation reaches the area and so the lower the yield per hectare becomes.", + "572a005f1d046914007796b7": "soy farmers", + "572a005f1d046914007796b8": "soy farmers", + "572a005f1d046914007796b9": "22", + "572a005f1d046914007796bb": "2000 to 2005 (22,392 km2 or 8,646 sq mi per year)", + "572a005f1d046914007796ba": "mean annual deforestation rate", + "572a020f6aef051400155198": "biodiversity", + "572a020f6aef051400155199": "destruction of the forest", + "572a020f6aef05140015519a": "carbon contained within the vegetation", + "572a020f6aef05140015519b": "carbon per hectare per year between 1975 and 1996.", + "572a020f6aef05140015519c": "\u00d7", + "572a03a06aef0514001551aa": "greenhouse gas emissions", + "572a03a06aef0514001551ab": "greenhouse gas emissions", + "572a03a06aef0514001551ac": "2100", + "572a03a06aef0514001551ad": "the 21st century", + "572a03a06aef0514001551ae": "deforestation", + "572a064a3f37b3190047865d": "indigenous peoples", + "572a064a3f37b3190047865e": "conservation efforts", + "572a064a3f37b3190047865f": "deforestation and ecocide", + "572a064a3f37b31900478660": "the Urarina", + "572a064a3f37b31900478661": "the Urarina", + "572a07c11d046914007796d5": "remote sensing", + "572a07c11d046914007796d6": "the Trio Tribe", + "572a07c11d046914007796d7": "the Trio Tribe", + "572a07c11d046914007796d8": "the conservation of the Amazon", + "572a07c11d046914007796d9": "the Trio Tribe", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75b": "tree growth stages", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75c": "biomass", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75d": "Tatiana Kuplich", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75e": "Tatiana Kuplich", + "572a09abaf94a219006aa75f": "Synthetic aperture radar", + "572a0b101d046914007796e9": "2005", + "572a0b101d046914007796eb": "the Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research", + "572a0b101d046914007796ec": "deforestation", + "572a0b101d046914007796ed": "savanna or desert,", + "572a0b101d046914007796ea": "Woods Hole Research Center", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa76f": "2010", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa770": "the Amazon rainforest", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa771": "three epicenters", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa772": "2005", + "572a0bebaf94a219006aa773": "5 gigatons", + "5725b9db38643c19005acbe1": "/ or /\u02c8ti\u02d0n\u0259f\u0254\u02d0r/; from the Greek \u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 kteis 'comb' and \u03c6", + "5725b9db38643c19005acbe2": "marine waters", + "5725b9db38643c19005acbe3": ". Their most distinctive feature is the \u2018", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf2": "a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide. Their most distinctive feature is the \u2018", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf3": "the \u2018combs\u2019 \u2013 groups of cilia", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf4": "the \u2018combs\u2019 \u2013 groups of cilia", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf5": "\u03ad", + "5725c0f289a1e219009abdf6": "the \u2018combs\u2019 \u2013 groups of cilia", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad371": "/ or /\u02c8ti\u02d0n\u0259f\u0254", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad372": "1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad373": "water flow through the body cavity", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad374": "combs\u2019 \u2013", + "57263eaa38643c19005ad375": "marine waters", + "5725bae289a1e219009abd90": "ten times their own weight", + "5725bae289a1e219009abd91": "150 species", + "5725bae289a1e219009abd92": "100\u2013150 species have been validated,", + "5725c337271a42140099d163": "150 species", + "5725c337271a42140099d164": "colloblasts", + "5725c337271a42140099d165": "ten times their own weight", + "5725c337271a42140099d166": "huge mouths", + "5725c337271a42140099d167": "cilia", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5ee": "ten times their own weight", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5ef": "tentilla", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5f0": "cilia", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5f1": "a range of methods as spiders use.", + "5726400589a1e219009ac5f2": "150 species have been validated,", + "5725bc0338643c19005acc11": ",", + "5725bc0338643c19005acc12": "miniature cydippids, gradually changing into their adult shapes as they grow.", + "5725bc0338643c19005acc13": "at least some species, juveniles are capable of reproduction before reaching the adult size and shape.", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5e": "hermaphroditism", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe5f": "produce both eggs and sperm at the same time.", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe60": "a single animal can produce both eggs and sperm,", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe61": "the platyctenids", + "5725c57a89a1e219009abe62": "hermaphroditism", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd1": "a single animal", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd2": "hermaphroditism", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd3": "hermaphroditism", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd4": "the platyctenids", + "5726415bec44d21400f3dcd5": "the beroids", + "5725bdbe38643c19005acc39": "the Black Sea", + "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3a": "the Mnemiopsis", + "5725bdbe38643c19005acc3b": "environmental changes", + "5725c69738643c19005accb9": "fish larvae", + "5725c69738643c19005accba": "Ctenophores may be abundant during the summer months in some coastal locations, but in other places they are uncommon and difficult to find.", + "5725c69738643c19005accbb": "fish larvae", + "5725c69738643c19005accbc": "bays", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f5": "bays", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f6": "planktonic plants", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f7": "the Mnemiopsis", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f8": "accidental introduction of Beroe helped to mitigate the problem, as Beroe preys on other ctenophores.", + "5726431d271a42140099d7f9": "accidental introduction of Beroe", + "5725c91e38643c19005acceb": "66 million years ago", + "5725c91e38643c19005accec": "monophyletic", + "5725c91e38643c19005acced": "515 million years ago", + "5725c91e38643c19005accee": "no tentacles", + "5726449f1125e71900ae1928": "515 million years ago", + "5726449f1125e71900ae1929": "the Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event", + "5726449f1125e71900ae192a": "cnidarians and bilaterians are more closely related to each other than either is to ctenophores.", + "5726449f1125e71900ae192b": "tentacles", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1db": "ctenophores and cnidarians have: cells bound by inter-cell connections and carpet-", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1dc": "colloblasts", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1dd": "bilaterians (which include almost all other animals)", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1de": "ctenophores and cnidarians have: cells bound by inter-cell connections and carpet-", + "5725cb33271a42140099d1df": "colloblasts, which are sticky and adhere to prey, although a few ctenophore species lack them.", + "572646655951b619008f6ebf": "phylum", + "572646655951b619008f6ec0": "colloblasts, which are sticky and adhere to prey,", + "572646655951b619008f6ec1": "colloblasts, which are sticky and adhere to prey, although a few ctenophore species lack them.", + "572646655951b619008f6ec2": "ctenophores and cnidarians", + "572646655951b619008f6ec3": "bilaterians", + "572647d0708984140094c14b": "the mesoglea", + "572647d0708984140094c14c": ",", + "572647d0708984140094c14d": "cnidarians and ctenophores; more complex animals have three main cell layers and no intermediate jelly-like layer.", + "572647d0708984140094c14e": "sponges and cnidarians", + "572648e8dd62a815002e8076": "ctenes", + "572648e8dd62a815002e8077": "locomotion", + "572648e8dd62a815002e8078": "ctenes", + "572648e8dd62a815002e8079": "the Greek suffix", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db40": "the cydippid Pleurobrachia", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db41": ",", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db42": "waves and swirling sediment particles,", + "57264a0ef1498d1400e8db43": ". In addition oceanic species do not preserve well, and are known mainly from photographs and from observers' notes.", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a0": "an epithelium", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a1": "bioluminescence", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a2": "a pharynx (\"throat\"); a wider area in the center that acts as a stomach;", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a3": "an epithelium, the gastrodermis. The mouth and pharynx have both cilia and well-developed muscles.", + "57264b1ddd62a815002e80a4": "the mouth and pharynx; the roots of the tentacles, if present; all along the underside of each comb row;", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c3": "comb plate cilia.", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c4": "comb plate cilia.", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c5": "a supporting function", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c6": "the direction in which the mouth is pointing", + "57264cfa708984140094c1c7": "2 millimeters", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811a": "the ciliary rosettes", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811b": "osmotic pressure", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811c": "buoyancy", + "57264e66dd62a815002e811d": "buoyancy", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5e": "the aboral organ", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc5f": "at the opposite end from the mouth", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc60": "a transparent dome", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc61": "a statocyst", + "572655e5f1498d1400e8dc62": "a balance sensor", + "57265746dd62a815002e8218": "Pleurobrachia, sometimes has an egg-shaped body with the mouth at the narrow end,", + "57265746dd62a815002e8219": "the tentacles", + "57265746dd62a815002e821a": ", although some individuals are more uniformly round.", + "57265746dd62a815002e821b": "a sheath", + "57265746dd62a815002e821c": "the narrow end", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcac": "nematocytes", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcad": "nematocytes", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcae": "nematocytes into their bodies for defense.", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcaf": "three types of movement", + "572658daf1498d1400e8dcb0": "capturing prey", + "572659ea5951b619008f7051": "eight", + "572659ea5951b619008f7052": "near the mouth", + "572659ea5951b619008f7053": "the comb rows", + "572659ea5951b619008f7054": "a ciliary groove", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706b": "a pair of lobes, which are muscular, cuplike extensions of the body that project beyond the mouth.", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706c": "four auricles, gelatinous projections edged with cilia that produce water currents that help direct microscopic prey toward the mouth.", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706d": "four", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706e": "water currents", + "57265aaf5951b619008f706f": "suspended planktonic prey", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd36": "clapping their lobes", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd37": "the jet of expelled water drives them backwards very quickly.", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd38": "nerves rather than by water disturbances created by the cilia,", + "57265c10f1498d1400e8dd39": "nerves", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd50": "Beroe", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd51": "ctenophores", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd52": "the mouth shut when the animal is not feeding", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd53": "not feeding", + "57265d86f1498d1400e8dd54": "the field of macrocilia", + "57265e97708984140094c3c3": "Cestida (\"belt animals\"", + "57265e97708984140094c3c6": "Cestum veneris", + "57265e97708984140094c3c4": "Cestids can swim by undulating their bodies as well as by the beating of their comb-rows.", + "57265e97708984140094c3c5": "undulating their bodies", + "57265e97708984140094c3c7": "Velamen parallelum", + "572681c1dd62a815002e8796": "long tentacles", + "572681c1dd62a815002e8797": "everting the pharynx and using it as a muscular \"foot\"", + "572681c1dd62a815002e8798": "comb-rows. Platyctenids are usually cryptically colored, live on rocks, algae,", + "572681c1dd62a815002e8799": "the body surfaces of other invertebrates,", + "572683075951b619008f7513": "pores in the epidermis. Fertilization is external in most species, but platyctenids use internal fertilization", + "572683075951b619008f7514": "internal fertilization", + "572683075951b619008f7515": "Mnemiopsis", + "572683075951b619008f7516": "the internal canal network", + "572683075951b619008f7517": "external", + "572684365951b619008f753f": "tentacles and tentacle sheaths", + "572684365951b619008f7540": "among the plankton", + "572684365951b619008f7541": "metamorphosis", + "572684365951b619008f7542": "true larvae", + "572684365951b619008f7543": "Beroe", + "572686fc708984140094c8e5": "bioluminescence", + "572686fc708984140094c8e6": "-ocean waters.", + "572686fc708984140094c8e7": "ctenophores' bioluminescence nor produced any correlation between its exact color and any aspect of the animals' environments,", + "572686fc708984140094c8e8": "diffused over their bodies.", + "5726887e708984140094c917": ",", + "5726887e708984140094c918": "jellyfish", + "5726887e708984140094c919": "-like floating colonies,", + "5726887e708984140094c91a": ",", + "5726887e708984140094c91b": "Lampea", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33c": "their low ratio of organic matter to salt and water made them a poor diet for other animals.", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33d": "Ctenophores used to be regarded as \"dead ends\"", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33e": "ctenophores and jellyfish often have large seasonal variations in population, most fish that prey on them are generalists,", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e33f": "ctenophores and jellyfish often have large seasonal variations in population, most fish that prey on them are generalists,", + "57268a37f1498d1400e8e340": "ctenophores and jellyfish often have large seasonal variations in population, most fish that prey on them are generalists,", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8912": "Mnemiopsis leidyi", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8913": "the ballast tanks of ships,", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8915": "accidental introduction", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8914": "the late 1980s", + "57268c01dd62a815002e8916": "a cooling of the local climate", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39c": "their soft, gelatinous bodies, ctenophores are extremely rare as fossils,", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39d": "a comb jelly", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39e": "the Cambrian", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e39f": "three", + "57268da7f1498d1400e8e3a0": "tentacles", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8990": "about 515 million years ago", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8991": "Stromatoveris was an evolutionary \"aunt\" of ctenophores,", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8992": "Stromatoveris", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8993": ". They suggested that Stromatoveris was an evolutionary \"aunt\"", + "57268f05dd62a815002e8994": "early Cambrian", + "57269016708984140094ca41": "all other animals", + "57269016708984140094ca42": ")", + "572691bedd62a815002e89dc": ", and perhaps was lucky enough to survive the Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event 65.", + "572691bedd62a815002e89dd": "monophyletic", + "572691bedd62a815002e89de": "the Cretaceous\u2013Paleogene extinction event", + "572691bedd62a815002e89df": "Richard Harbison", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4d": "Fresno County, is a city in the U.S. state of California.", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4e": "220 miles", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd4f": "ash tree", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd50": "an ash leaf", + "5725ce4d38643c19005acd51": "Spanish", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d225": "1872", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d226": "the convenience of the railroad", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d227": "1885", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d228": "47 streetcars", + "5725cfd0271a42140099d229": "the Central Pacific Railroad", + "5725d183271a42140099d23d": "the Census Bureau", + "5725d183271a42140099d23e": "Chinatown", + "5725d183271a42140099d23f": "the Pinedale Assembly Center", + "5725d183271a42140099d240": "an interim facility for the relocation of Fresno area Japanese Americans to internment camps. The Fresno Fairgrounds was also utilized as an assembly center.", + "5725d183271a42140099d241": "the Pinedale Assembly Center", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d639": "BankAmericard", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63a": "BankAmericard", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63b": "revolve a balance", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63c": "1976", + "5725d34aec44d21400f3d63d": "Visa Inc", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf58": "Bill Aken", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf59": "Bob Gallion", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5a": "Madera", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5b": "The Fresno Barn", + "5725d42a89a1e219009abf5c": "Lupe Mayorga", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d687": "three", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d688": "Roeding Park", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d689": "Kearney Park", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68a": "Woodward Park", + "5725d662ec44d21400f3d68b": "Kearney Park", + "5725d7e438643c19005acdf9": "the 1880s", + "5725d7e438643c19005acdfa": "the original Fresno County Courthouse", + "5725d7e438643c19005acdfb": "the San Joaquin Light & Power Building (currently known as the Grand 1401), and the Hughes Hotel (burned down)", + "5725d7e438643c19005acdfc": "the Hughes Hotel", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b3": "1964", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b4": "Fulton Street", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b5": "Renoir", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b6": "Fulton Street", + "5725daa8ec44d21400f3d6b7": "wide sidewalks", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c5": "Fresno County", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c6": "Kings Canyon Avenue and Clovis Avenue", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c7": "the 1950s", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c8": "the neighborhood", + "5725db98ec44d21400f3d6c9": "William P. Bell", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfea": "Tower Theatre", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfeb": "1939", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfec": "the Tower District", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfed": "Fresno Normal School", + "5725dd7d89a1e219009abfee": "downtown Fresno", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d7": "the late 1970s", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d8": "second and third run movies", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2d9": "1978", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2da": "the Tower District", + "5725e1c4271a42140099d2db": "Evita and The Wiz", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac048": "live theater", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac049": "the Tower District", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac04a": "the Tower District", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac04b": "the Tower District", + "5725e45689a1e219009ac04c": "the Tower District", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d733": "the Tower District contrasts with the newer areas of tract homes urban sprawl in north and east areas of Fresno.", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d734": "Storybook houses", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d735": "the newer areas of tract homes urban sprawl", + "5725e748ec44d21400f3d736": "recent decades", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0ae": "Huntington Boulevard", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0af": "William Stranahan", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b0": "1914", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b1": "267", + "5725ec8289a1e219009ac0b2": "the Fresno Traction Company", + "5725edfe38643c19005ace9f": "Southwest Fresno", + "5725edfe38643c19005acea0": "west and south", + "5725edfe38643c19005acea1": "one of the oldest neighborhoods in the city.", + "5725edfe38643c19005acea2": "Hmong or Laotian) populations.", + "5725edfe38643c19005acea3": "Southwest Fresno", + "5725f00938643c19005aced7": "Theo Kearney", + "5725f00938643c19005aced8": "palm trees", + "5725f00938643c19005aced9": "Fresno Street and Thorne Ave", + "5725f00938643c19005aceda": "Brookhaven", + "5725f00938643c19005acedb": "Kearney Boulevard is lined with tall palm trees.", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d76f": "the 1960s and 1990s", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d770": "Fresno and B streets", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d771": "Cargill Meat Solutions and Foster Farms", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d772": "the West Side", + "5725f190ec44d21400f3d773": "very little", + "5725f2c838643c19005aceed": "Ralph Woodward", + "5725f2c838643c19005aceee": "300 acres", + "5725f2c838643c19005aceef": "the Lewis S", + "5725f2c838643c19005acef0": "22 miles", + "5725f2c838643c19005acef1": "April through October", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fa": "1946", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fb": "William Smilie", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fc": "Sierra Sky Park Airport", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fd": "automobiles", + "5725f46289a1e219009ac0fe": "Sierra Sky Park Airport", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d371": ", moist winters and hot and dry summers, thus displaying Mediterranean characteristics. December and January are the coldest months, and average around 46.5 \u00b0F", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d372": "July", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d373": ", moist winters and hot and dry summers, thus displaying Mediterranean characteristics. December and January are the coldest months, and average around 46.5 \u00b0F", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d374": "the northwest", + "5725f5b1271a42140099d375": "January and February", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf19": "July 8", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1a": "January 6", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1b": "November 1885", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1c": ",", + "5725f6e138643c19005acf1d": "November 1885 and the most rainfall in 24 hours 3.55 inches (90.2 mm)", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf23": "494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km\u00b2).", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf24": "494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km\u00b2", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf25": "525", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf26": "30", + "5725f7cd38643c19005acf27": "494,665. The population density was 4,404.5 people per square mile (1,700.6/km\u00b2)", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b1": ".", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b2": "a male householder with no wife present. There were 12,843 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships,", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b3": "9", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b4": ". The average household size", + "5725f8f5ec44d21400f3d7b5": ". There were 111,529 families (70.4% of all households); the average family size", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac128": "427,652 people, 140,079 households, and 97,915 families residing in the city.", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac129": "427,652 people, 140,079 households,", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12a": "427,652 people, 140,079 households,", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12b": "about a third of which is Hmong), 0.1% Pacific Islander, 23.4% from other races,", + "5725fabc89a1e219009ac12c": "people per square mile (1,582.2/km\u00b2", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf3f": "the Federal Communications Commission", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf40": "KMJ", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf41": "1953", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf42": "KSEE", + "5725fb8138643c19005acf43": "KGPE", + "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ad": "State Route 99", + "5725fcbe271a42140099d3ae": "the Sierra Freeway", + "5725fcbe271a42140099d3af": "State Route 41", + "5725fcbe271a42140099d3b0": "Kings Canyon National Park", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7dd": "Fresno", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7de": "the 1950s", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7df": "State Route 99", + "5725fe63ec44d21400f3d7e0": "population and traffic", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf49": "Amtrak", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf4a": "Downtown Fresno", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf4b": "the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway and Union Pacific Railroad railroads cross in Fresno,", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf4c": "the San Joaquin Valley Railroad", + "5725ff8238643c19005acf4d": "Fresno", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf50": "Donald Davies", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf51": "little", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf52": "the theretofore established principles", + "5725d34089a1e219009abf53": "coining the modern name packet switching", + "572632ceec44d21400f3dc2f": "Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault-tolerant,", + "572632ceec44d21400f3dc30": "Paul Baran", + "572632ceec44d21400f3dc31": "Donald Davies", + "5725d52f89a1e219009abf78": "paradigm", + "5725d52f89a1e219009abf79": "packet switching", + "5725d52f89a1e219009abf7a": "by a fee per unit of information transmitted", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56c": "circuit switching", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56d": "a fee per unit of connection time", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56e": "packet switching", + "572634a789a1e219009ac56f": "by a fee per unit of information transmitted", + "5726219489a1e219009ac2ce": "with or without intermediate forwarding nodes (packet switches or routers). Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes", + "5726219489a1e219009ac2cf": "asynchronously", + "5726219489a1e219009ac2d0": "to a multiple access scheme", + "5726356938643c19005ad2ff": "with or without intermediate forwarding nodes (packet switches or routers). Packets are normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes", + "5726356938643c19005ad300": "asynchronously", + "5726356938643c19005ad301": "the packets", + "5726249538643c19005ad07f": "the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", + "5726249538643c19005ad080": "the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", + "5726249538643c19005ad081": "the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", + "5726249538643c19005ad082": "by store and forward switching", + "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4a": "developed the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", + "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4c": "by store and forward switching", + "57263677ec44d21400f3dc49": "for the US Air Force", + "57263677ec44d21400f3dc4b": "the concept of distributed adaptive message block switching", + "572629c6271a42140099d6a3": "packet switching, a more accessible name than Baran's,", + "572629c6271a42140099d6a4": "packet switching", + "572629c6271a42140099d6a5": "the ARPANET", + "572629c6271a42140099d6a6": "in the ARPANET", + "5726378238643c19005ad313": "Donald Davies", + "5726378238643c19005ad314": "packet switching", + "5726378238643c19005ad315": "Roger Scantlebury", + "5726385e271a42140099d797": "includes complete addressing information", + "5726385e271a42140099d798": "to its destination", + "5726385e271a42140099d799": "the packet header", + "5726385e271a42140099d79a": "end", + "5726398589a1e219009ac58b": "code", + "5726398589a1e219009ac58a": "a table", + "5726398589a1e219009ac589": "in a table", + "5726398589a1e219009ac588": "a setup phase", + "57263b1638643c19005ad333": "no network layer procedures", + "57263b1638643c19005ad335": "at the network layer, and the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)", + "57263b1638643c19005ad334": "the UNI without the connection-oriented handshake.", + "57263b1638643c19005ad336": "of Frame Relay", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7b": "in 1973", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7c": "involved the division of functions and tasks between the hosts at the edge of the network and the network core.", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7d": ".", + "57263c78ec44d21400f3dc7e": "protocol suite uses this network type.", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8d": "Inc", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8e": "AppleTalk system", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc8f": "addresses", + "57263cfcec44d21400f3dc90": "AppleTalk", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a2": "Louis Pouzin", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a3": "Louis Pouzin", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a4": "ARPANET architecture", + "57263dcd89a1e219009ac5a5": "ARPANET architecture", + "57263ea0271a42140099d7c3": "a suite of network protocols", + "57263ea0271a42140099d7c4": "in 1975 in order to connect two PDP-11 minicomputers.", + "57263ea0271a42140099d7c5": "it later", + "57263ea0271a42140099d7c6": "DECnet Phase II", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37b": "a data network", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37c": "four computer sales and service centers (Schenectady, Phoenix, Chicago,", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37d": "from the beginning", + "57263fd138643c19005ad37e": "first", + "5726414e271a42140099d7e5": "in 1966", + "5726414e271a42140099d7e6": "was first demonstrated in December 1971", + "5726414e271a42140099d7e7": ".", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf5": "Larry Roberts", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf6": "Larry Roberts", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf7": "Telenet", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf8": "Telenet", + "57264228ec44d21400f3dcf9": "Telenet", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd13": "named after Mr. Tyme. Another employee suggested the name.)", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd14": ". and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways.", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd15": "to dozens of other public networks in the U.S. and internationally via X.25/X.75 gateways.", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd16": "a large public network", + "5726431aec44d21400f3dd17": ". The business consisted of a large public network", + "572643de5951261400b5195a": "developed", + "572643de5951261400b5195b": "Bell Northern Research", + "572643de5951261400b5195c": "interconnection", + "5726446a89cfff1900a8404d": "Telecom Australia in the early 1980s, AUSTPAC was Australia's first public packet-switched data network, supporting applications such as on-", + "5726446a89cfff1900a8404e": "-line betting, financial applications \u2014 the Australian Tax Office made use of AUSTPAC \u2014", + "5726446a89cfff1900a8404f": "to academic institutions", + "57264586f1498d1400e8dac6": "contributed to the confusion.", + "57264586f1498d1400e8dac7": "one department of KPN contributed to the confusion.", + "57264586f1498d1400e8dac8": "one", + "57264586f1498d1400e8dac9": "as well", + "5726462b708984140094c117": "was a computer network", + "5726462b708984140094c118": "was a computer network", + "5726462b708984140094c119": "ARPANET", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8042": "the Internet2 Network", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8043": "first", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8044": "Abilene", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8045": "first", + "5726472bdd62a815002e8046": "the Internet2 Network", + "572647e2dd62a815002e805c": "The National Science Foundation Network", + "572647e2dd62a815002e805d": "in 1985", + "572647e2dd62a815002e805e": "a major part of the Internet backbone", + "572648d1708984140094c15d": "Backbone Network Service", + "572648d1708984140094c15e": "first", + "572648d1708984140094c15f": "MCI Telecommunications", + "572648d1708984140094c160": "in the United States", + "572648d1708984140094c161": "one", + "57264684708984140094c123": "Central Asia", + "57264684708984140094c124": "the Silk Road", + "57264684708984140094c125": "an estimated 450 million", + "57264684708984140094c126": "the 17th century", + "57264684708984140094c127": "the 14th century", + "572647935951b619008f6ec9": "fleas carried by ground rodents, including marmots,", + "572647935951b619008f6eca": "1338", + "572647935951b619008f6ecb": "China and India.", + "572647935951b619008f6ecc": "1331", + "572647935951b619008f6ecd": "25 million", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0a": "Genoese traders", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0b": "Jani Beg", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0c": "infected corpses", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0d": "the port city of Kaffa", + "57264845f1498d1400e8db0e": "several existing conditions", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f03": "Italy", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f04": "Italy", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f05": ", and isolated alpine villages throughout the continent.", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f06": "Italy", + "572648ed5951b619008f6f07": "1349", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db2e": "the pandemic", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db2f": "autumn 1347", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db30": "autumn 1347", + "57264991f1498d1400e8db31": "the north", + "57264a74708984140094c18b": "Pontanus", + "57264a74708984140094c18c": "atra mors", + "57264a74708984140094c18d": "Pontanus", + "57264a74708984140094c18e": "1823", + "57264a74708984140094c18f": "1631", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80aa": "the heavens", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80ab": "the king of France", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80ac": "the Miasma theory", + "57264b3edd62a815002e80ad": "the Miasma theory", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80c6": "the plague theory", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80c7": "Hong Kong in 1894", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80c8": "Alexandre Yersin", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80c9": "the plague theory,", + "57264c42dd62a815002e80ca": "two populations of rodents", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e4": "Francis Aidan Gasquet", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e5": "rats and fleas in the process,", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e6": "1908", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e7": "rats and fleas", + "57264cc6dd62a815002e80e8": "the bubonic plague", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7a": "30\u201375% and symptoms including fever of 38\u2013", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7b": "38\u201341", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7c": "80 percent", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7d": "90 to 95 percent", + "57264d58f1498d1400e8db7e": "purple skin patches", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e1": "2010", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e2": "Yersinia pestis", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e3": "Drancourt and Raoult", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e4": "tooth sockets in human skeletons", + "57264e2f708984140094c1e5": "Yersinia pestis", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbae": "two previously unknown but related clades (genetic branches)", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbaf": ".", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb0": "two waves", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb1": "November 1347", + "57264f18f1498d1400e8dbb2": "the spring of 1349", + "57264fe65951b619008f6fa1": ".", + "57264fe65951b619008f6fa2": "East Smithfield", + "57264fe65951b619008f6fa3": "the Haensch study", + "57264fe65951b619008f6fa4": "October 2011", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815a": "Graham Twigg", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815b": "the bubonic plague theory", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815c": "the bubonic plague theory", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815d": "the bubonic plague theory", + "5726509bdd62a815002e815e": "Susan Scott and Christopher Duncan (2001)", + "5726516a708984140094c223": "an epidemiological account of the plague", + "5726516a708984140094c224": "an epidemiological account of the plague is as important as an identification of symptoms, but researchers are hampered by the lack of reliable statistics", + "5726516a708984140094c225": "an epidemiological account of the plague is as important as an identification of symptoms,", + "5726516a708984140094c226": "the clergy", + "5726516a708984140094c227": "1377", + "57265285708984140094c25b": "the bubonic plague theory", + "57265285708984140094c25c": "the rat population", + "57265285708984140094c25d": "the rat population", + "57265285708984140094c25e": "the spread of the Black Death", + "57265285708984140094c25f": "5 to 15 years", + "5726534d708984140094c26d": "a form of anthrax,", + "5726534d708984140094c26e": "the thesis that the Y. pestis was spread from fleas on rats; he argues that transmission must have been person to person.", + "5726534d708984140094c26f": ")", + "5726534d708984140094c270": "blood poisoning", + "5726534d708984140094c271": "25 bodies", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc28": "about a third of the European population had already perished.", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc29": "about a third of the European population had already perished.", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2a": "mass burial pits", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2b": "about a third of the European population had already perished.", + "5726542ff1498d1400e8dc2c": "the most isolated areas were less vulnerable to contagion. Monks and priests were especially hard hit since they cared for victims of the Black Death.", + "572654e2708984140094c2b7": "1346", + "572654e2708984140094c2b8": "1346 and 1671. The Second Pandemic was particularly widespread in the following years: 1360\u2013", + "572654e2708984140094c2b9": "almost a million people", + "5726559edd62a815002e81c8": "population figures", + "5726559edd62a815002e81c9": "1350", + "5726559edd62a815002e81ca": "10\u201315", + "5726559edd62a815002e81cb": "1665", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc68": "40", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc69": "Russia", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6b": "the Italian Plague of 1629", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6c": "1654", + "57265642f1498d1400e8dc6a": "1361 and 1528", + "57265700dd62a815002e820e": ", and 300,000 in Prussia. The plague killed two-thirds of the inhabitants of Helsinki,", + "57265700dd62a815002e820f": "about half of Naples' 300,000 inhabitants. More than 1.25", + "57265700dd62a815002e8210": "100", + "57265700dd62a815002e8211": "Russia and allies) killed about 100,000 in Sweden,", + "57265700dd62a815002e8212": "1720", + "5726577f708984140094c301": "1500 and 1850", + "5726577f708984140094c302": "30 to 50 thousand inhabitants", + "5726577f708984140094c303": "the second quarter of the 19th century", + "5726577f708984140094c304": "30 to 50 thousand inhabitants to it in 1620\u201321, and again in 1654\u201357, 1665, 1691, and 1740\u2013", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8230": "melt", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8231": "metamorphic rock may also undergo additional metamorphism.", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8232": "a new magma", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8233": "magma and/or lava)", + "572657d9dd62a815002e8234": "heat and pressure", + "57265d08708984140094c397": "plate tectonics", + "57265d08708984140094c398": "oceanic plate motions and mantle convection currents always move in the same direction,", + "57265d08708984140094c399": ",", + "57265d08708984140094c39a": "the convecting mantle", + "57265d08708984140094c39b": "the 1960s", + "57265f605951b619008f70db": "the San Andreas fault system", + "57265f605951b619008f70dc": "convergent boundaries, where one plate subducts under another. Transform boundaries, such as the San Andreas fault system", + "57265f605951b619008f70dd": "the San Andreas fault system", + "57265f605951b619008f70de": "Alfred Wegener", + "57265f605951b619008f70df": "the convecting mantle", + "57266193dd62a815002e832a": "seismic waves", + "57266193dd62a815002e832b": "the outer core and inner core below that.", + "57266193dd62a815002e832d": "the outer core and inner core below that.", + "57266193dd62a815002e832e": "the arrival times of seismic waves", + "57266193dd62a815002e832c": "the outer core and inner core", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf2": "the geologic time scale", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf4": "the Quaternary period", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf5": "Holocene", + "572663a9f1498d1400e8ddf6": "the Quaternary period", + "572665ff708984140094c4c3": "The principle of cross", + "572665ff708984140094c4c4": "the key bed", + "572665ff708984140094c4c5": "the key bed", + "572665ff708984140094c4c6": "the formations that were cut are older than the fault, and the ones that are not cut must be younger than the fault.", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de90": "xenoliths are found. These foreign bodies are picked up as magma or lava flows,", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de91": "magma or lava flows", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de92": "inclusions and components", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de93": "The principle of inclusions and components", + "572667e2f1498d1400e8de94": "inclusions and components", + "572669a9dd62a815002e8416": "The principle of faunal succession", + "572669a9dd62a815002e8417": "William Smith", + "572669a9dd62a815002e8418": "quite complex", + "572669a9dd62a815002e8419": "fossils in sedimentary rocks", + "572669a9dd62a815002e841a": "William Smith", + "57266c015951b619008f7237": "the beginning of the 20th century", + "57266c015951b619008f7238": "fossils and stratigraphic correlation", + "57266c015951b619008f7239": "new absolute ages", + "57266c015951b619008f723a": "one another", + "57266c015951b619008f723b": "rock units", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8c": "radioactive isotopes and calibrate relative dating techniques.", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8d": "closure temperature", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8e": "isotope ratios", + "57266e72f1498d1400e8df8f": "relative dating techniques", + "5726701add62a815002e84c8": "horizontal compression, they shorten and become thicker.", + "5726701add62a815002e84c9": "the shallow crust", + "5726701add62a815002e84ca": "antiforms and synforms", + "5726701add62a815002e84cb": "antiforms and synforms", + "5726701add62a815002e84cc": "anticlines and synclines", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe4": "This is primarily accomplished through normal faulting", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe5": "boudins", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe6": "the Maria Fold and Thrust Belt", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe7": "metamorphosed", + "572671a5f1498d1400e8dfe8": "ductile stretching and thinning", + "572673f5708984140094c69b": "Dikes", + "572673f5708984140094c69c": "along cracks", + "572673f5708984140094c69d": "topographic gradients", + "572673f5708984140094c69e": "deformation", + "572673f5708984140094c69f": "deformation", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e074": "layered basaltic lava flows", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e075": "the Acasta gneiss", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e076": "rock emplacement and rock deformation can occur,", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e077": "Cambrian time", + "57267640f1498d1400e8e078": "the Acasta gneiss of the Slave craton", + "572677e7708984140094c723": "the study of rocks", + "572677e7708984140094c724": "sedimentary layers", + "572677e7708984140094c725": "the study of positions of rock units and their deformation", + "572677e7708984140094c726": ")", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ec": "optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe. In an optical mineralogy analysis", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ed": "optical microscopy and by using an electron microprobe. In an optical mineralogy", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ee": "the geochemical evolution of rock units", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0ef": "the laboratory", + "57267947f1498d1400e8e0f0": "a petrographic microscope", + "57267b3c5951b619008f7423": "high temperature and pressure physical experiments", + "57267b3c5951b619008f7424": "high temperature and pressure physical experiments", + "57267b3c5951b619008f7425": "igneous and metamorphic processes", + "57267d52708984140094c7d9": "Structural geologists", + "57267d52708984140094c7da": "microscopic analysis", + "57267d52708984140094c7db": "microscopic analysis", + "57267d52708984140094c7dc": "analog and numerical experiments of rock deformation", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e872c": "orogenic wedges", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e872d": "analog models", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e872e": "horizontal layers of sand", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e872f": "all angles", + "57267ebfdd62a815002e8730": "structural geology are those involving orogenic wedges, which are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plate boundaries.", + "57268066708984140094c821": "stratigraphers", + "57268066708984140094c822": "geophysical surveys", + "57268066708984140094c823": "well logs", + "57268066708984140094c824": "computer programs", + "57268066708984140094c825": "hydrocarbon extraction.", + "57268220f1498d1400e8e218": "Geochronologists precisely date rocks within the stratigraphic section in order to provide better absolute bounds on the timing and rates of deposition", + "57268220f1498d1400e8e216": "biostratigraphers", + "57268220f1498d1400e8e219": "Magnetic stratigraphers", + "57268220f1498d1400e8e217": "Geochronologists", + "572683f95951b619008f7525": "Persia", + "572683f95951b619008f7526": "Rayhan", + "572683f95951b619008f7527": "Shen Kuo", + "572683f95951b619008f7528": "Ibn Sina", + "572683f95951b619008f7529": "fossil animal shells", + "57268527708984140094c8bf": "James Hutton", + "57268527708984140094c8c0": "Theory of the Earth", + "57268527708984140094c8c1": "1795", + "57268527708984140094c8c2": "Theory of the Earth", + "572686ac5951b619008f75a9": "William Maclure", + "572686ac5951b619008f75aa": "1809 by William Maclure", + "572686ac5951b619008f75ab": "1809", + "572686ac5951b619008f75ad": "Observations on the Geology of the United States explanatory of a Geological Map,", + "572686ac5951b619008f75ac": "the American Philosophical Society", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e306": "Principles of Geology", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e307": "the doctrine of uniformitarianism", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e308": "the doctrine of uniformitarianism", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e309": "catastrophism", + "57268882f1498d1400e8e30a": "Sir Charles Lyell", + "5726642f5951b619008f7157": "103", + "5726642f5951b619008f7158": "the River Tyne, 8.5 mi (13.7 km)", + "5726642f5951b619008f7159": "the English Core Cities Group", + "5726642f5951b619008f715a": "Northumberland", + "5726642f5951b619008f715b": "Geordie", + "5726651ff1498d1400e8de30": "Robert Curthose", + "5726651ff1498d1400e8de31": "the wool trade", + "5726651ff1498d1400e8de32": "coal", + "5726651ff1498d1400e8de33": "the 16th century", + "5726651ff1498d1400e8de34": "the Great North Run", + "5726660d5951b619008f71b1": "a Roman fort and bridge", + "5726660d5951b619008f71b2": "the River Tyne", + "5726660d5951b619008f71b3": "the Roman Emperor Hadrian", + "5726660d5951b619008f71b4": "the Roman Emperor Hadrian", + "5726660d5951b619008f71b5": "Pictish tribes", + "572666d9dd62a815002e83b4": "England", + "572666d9dd62a815002e83b5": "Elizabeth", + "572666d9dd62a815002e83b6": "25", + "572666d9dd62a815002e83b7": "William the Lion", + "572666d9dd62a815002e83b8": "three times", + "57266783f1498d1400e8de86": "coal from Tyneside to Newcastle Quayside", + "57266783f1498d1400e8de87": "the Hostmen", + "57266783f1498d1400e8de88": "a pointless pursuit", + "57266783f1498d1400e8de89": "an eccentric", + "57266783f1498d1400e8de8a": "taking coals to Newcastle", + "57266a15f1498d1400e8def6": "their families", + "57266a15f1498d1400e8def7": "keelmen", + "57266a15f1498d1400e8def8": "about 7,000 out of 20,000 inhabitants of Newcastle died of plague, more than one-third of the population.", + "57266a15f1498d1400e8def9": "47", + "57266a15f1498d1400e8defa": "plague", + "57266ab3dd62a815002e8434": "Charles I", + "57266ab3dd62a815002e8435": "the Scots", + "57266ab3dd62a815002e8436": "roaring drummes", + "57266ab3dd62a815002e8437": "Triumphing by a brave defence", + "57266ab3dd62a815002e8438": "Charles I", + "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df53": "the urbanization", + "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df54": "the Maling company", + "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df55": "electric lighting", + "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df52": "the Industrial Revolution", + "57266cc9f1498d1400e8df56": "the steam turbine", + "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df78": "a medieval street layout", + "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df79": "alleys", + "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7a": "a medieval street layout. Narrow alleys or 'chares'", + "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7b": "modern buildings as well as structures dating from the 15th\u2013", + "57266dd4f1498d1400e8df7c": "a restaurant", + "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a0": "Grainger Town", + "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a1": "Grainger Town", + "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a2": "Grey Street", + "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a3": "the 1960s", + "57266ec2dd62a815002e84a4": "Grainger Town", + "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa4": "the Town Moor", + "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa5": "the right to graze cattle", + "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa7": "The Hoppings funfair", + "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa8": "June", + "57266fa1f1498d1400e8dfa6": "King Harald V of Norway", + "57267076708984140094c601": "the Gateshead Millennium Bridge", + "57267076708984140094c602": "Gateshead Council", + "57267076708984140094c603": "Norman Foster", + "57267076708984140094c604": "a tourist promotion", + "57267076708984140094c605": "ten days", + "572671165951b619008f72b7": "the Grainger Town area", + "572671165951b619008f72b8": "1835 and 1842", + "572671165951b619008f72b9": "four stories", + "572671165951b619008f72ba": "244", + "572671e55951b619008f72d7": "the Butcher Market", + "572671e55951b619008f72d8": "1835 and was Newcastle's first indoor market. At the time of its opening in 1835", + "572671e55951b619008f72d9": "2000 guests", + "572671e55951b619008f72da": "a grand dinner", + "572671e55951b619008f72db": "English Heritage", + "57267383dd62a815002e8552": "the warming influence of the Gulf Stream (via the North Atlantic Drift)", + "57267383dd62a815002e8553": "the North Atlantic Drift", + "57267383dd62a815002e8554": "rain shadow", + "57267383dd62a815002e8555": "January 1982", + "57267383dd62a815002e8556": "the remainder of the British Isles", + "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03a": "2010", + "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03b": "the Eldon Square Shopping Centre", + "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03c": "Emerson Bainbridge", + "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03d": "Emerson Bainbridge", + "572674f6f1498d1400e8e03e": "March 2007", + "5726769c708984140094c711": "Eldon Garden and Monument Mall complexes, the Newgate Centre, Central Arcade and the traditional Grainger Market.", + "5726769c708984140094c712": "suburban shopping areas are Gosforth and Byker.", + "5726769c708984140094c713": "Tesco", + "5726769c708984140094c714": "the MetroCentre", + "5726769c708984140094c715": "Gateshead", + "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ac": "Tyneside flats", + "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ad": "terraces", + "5726778df1498d1400e8e0ae": "the Ouseburn valley", + "5726778df1498d1400e8e0af": "Architects", + "5726778df1498d1400e8e0b0": "high density", + "572678c0dd62a815002e863e": "7", + "572678c0dd62a815002e863f": "five colour-coded brackets at 5.9%,", + "572678c0dd62a815002e8640": "one of few authorities to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census (to 7.8%)", + "572678c0dd62a815002e8641": "one", + "572678c0dd62a815002e8642": "Tunbridge Wells", + "572679c35951b619008f73db": "2001", + "572679c35951b619008f73dc": "the metropolitan borough of Newcastle", + "572679c35951b619008f73dd": ". Areas with predominant student populations include Jesmond and Heaton.", + "572679c35951b619008f73de": "Newcastle and Northumbria Universities", + "572679c35951b619008f73df": "student populations", + "57267a94f1498d1400e8e122": "37", + "57267a94f1498d1400e8e123": "Scottish or Irish ancestors", + "57267a94f1498d1400e8e124": "Border Reiver surnames", + "57267a94f1498d1400e8e125": "500 and 2,000 Bolivians in Newcastle, forming up to 1% of the population\u2014the largest such percentage of any UK city.", + "57267a94f1498d1400e8e126": "1% of the population\u2014", + "57267b65dd62a815002e86a6": "the Geordie dialect", + "57267b65dd62a815002e86a7": ") and \"gan\" (\"go\").", + "57267b65dd62a815002e86a8": "the pronunciation of certain words", + "57267b65dd62a815002e86a9": "the pronunciation of certain words: \"dead\", \"cow\", \"house\"", + "57267b65dd62a815002e86aa": "), \"burn\" (\"stream\") and \"gan\" (\"go\").", + "57267c63dd62a815002e86d6": "Scandinavia", + "57267c63dd62a815002e86d7": "\" and \"home\"", + "57267c63dd62a815002e86d8": "the Geordie dialect", + "57267c63dd62a815002e86d9": "the Geordie dialect", + "57267c63dd62a815002e86da": "Dutch", + "57267ce7708984140094c7c9": "a report", + "57267ce7708984140094c7ca": "noise levels", + "57267ce7708984140094c7cb": "80", + "57267ce7708984140094c7cc": "a negative", + "57267ce7708984140094c7cd": "a motorway underpass", + "57267de1f1498d1400e8e194": "Collingwood Street", + "57267de1f1498d1400e8e195": "a new indoor complex", + "57267de1f1498d1400e8e196": "12", + "57267de1f1498d1400e8e197": "The Pink Triangle", + "57267de1f1498d1400e8e198": "bars and nightclubs around the Bigg Market and the Quayside area of the city centre.", + "57267f695951b619008f74bd": "the theatre", + "57267f695951b619008f74be": "Stephen Kemble", + "57267f695951b619008f74bf": "many celebrated seasons", + "57267f695951b619008f74c0": "1788", + "57267f695951b619008f74c1": "Grey Street", + "5726800add62a815002e8750": "the arts", + "5726800add62a815002e8751": "the Theatre Royal", + "5726800add62a815002e8752": "the Royal Shakespeare Company", + "5726800add62a815002e8753": "local talent", + "5726800add62a815002e8754": "the arts capital of the UK", + "572680865951b619008f74e7": "The Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne", + "572680865951b619008f74e8": "8000", + "572680865951b619008f74e9": "John and Benjamin Green", + "572680865951b619008f74ea": "its lecture theatre", + "572680865951b619008f74eb": "Joseph Swan", + "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fa": "The Newcastle Beer Festival", + "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fb": "May", + "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fc": "March", + "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fd": "NewcastleGateshead", + "57268109f1498d1400e8e1fe": "2 weeks each year in mid June", + "57268341f1498d1400e8e23c": "The Hoppings", + "57268341f1498d1400e8e23d": "The Hoppings", + "57268341f1498d1400e8e23e": "the Temperance Movement", + "57268341f1498d1400e8e23f": "a cycling festival", + "57268341f1498d1400e8e240": "The Northern Pride Festival and Parade", + "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24c": "Newcastle Mela", + "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24e": "NewcastleGateshead", + "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24f": "the Design Event festival", + "572683e6f1498d1400e8e250": "an East Asian cultural festival is also held in early October.", + "572683e6f1498d1400e8e24d": "NewcastleGateshead", + "5726847f708984140094c8ab": "folk metal band, also formed in Newcastle after the break-", + "5726847f708984140094c8ac": "1971", + "5726847f708984140094c8ad": "Venom", + "5726847f708984140094c8ae": "Skyclad", + "5726847f708984140094c8af": "Duran Duran", + "57268525dd62a815002e8806": "November 2006 and May 2008", + "57268525dd62a815002e8807": "the Tyneside Cinema", + "57268525dd62a815002e8808": "the Tyneside Cinema", + "57268525dd62a815002e8809": "the Tyneside Cinema", + "57268525dd62a815002e880a": "a roof extension containing the Tyneside Bar,", + "57268692dd62a815002e8826": "the Centre for Life", + "57268692dd62a815002e8827": "life on Tyneside", + "57268692dd62a815002e8828": ",", + "57268692dd62a815002e8829": "2009", + "57268692dd62a815002e882a": "Seven Stories", + "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e2": "On the Night of the Fire", + "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e3": "Get Carter", + "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e4": "Mike Figgis", + "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e5": "Mike Figgis", + "57268731f1498d1400e8e2e6": "Tommy Lee Jones", + "572687e1dd62a815002e8852": "Gosforth Park", + "572687e1dd62a815002e8853": "the Newcastle Eagles", + "572687e1dd62a815002e8854": "Newcastle Diamonds", + "572687e1dd62a815002e8855": "Brough Park", + "572687e1dd62a815002e8856": "Blaydon Race", + "57268885dd62a815002e886a": "Ponteland", + "57268885dd62a815002e886b": "the Metro Light Rail system", + "57268885dd62a815002e886c": "20 minutes", + "57268885dd62a815002e886d": "over five million", + "57268885dd62a815002e886e": "over 90 destinations are available worldwide.", + "572689385951b619008f761b": "the stations historic entrance", + "572689385951b619008f761c": "six", + "572689385951b619008f761d": "Queen Victoria", + "572689385951b619008f761e": "Robert Stephenson", + "572689385951b619008f761f": "Manors", + "572689b6dd62a815002e8890": "three hours", + "572689b6dd62a815002e8891": "three hours", + "572689b6dd62a815002e8892": "Edinburgh", + "572689b6dd62a815002e8893": "Virgin Trains East Coast provides a half-", + "572689b6dd62a815002e8894": "Northern Rail", + "57268a8fdd62a815002e88ce": "the Tyne and Wear Metro", + "57268a8fdd62a815002e88cf": "five phases", + "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d0": "the Tyne and Wear Metro", + "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d1": "the Tyne and Wear Metro", + "57268a8fdd62a815002e88d2": "over 37 million", + "57268bb25951b619008f7645": "a period of refurbishment and modernization, entitled 'Metro: All Change", + "57268bb25951b619008f7646": "smart ticketing", + "57268bb25951b619008f7647": "the Metro", + "57268bb25951b619008f7648": "an entirely new fleet of trains", + "57268bb25951b619008f7649": "trams", + "57268d1b708984140094c9cd": "the A167, the old \"Great North Road\"", + "57268d1b708984140094c9ce": "the A69", + "57268d1b708984140094c9cf": "Great North Road", + "57268d1b708984140094c9d0": "these designations are recent\u2014upon completion of the Western Bypass,", + "57268d1b708984140094c9d1": "the capacity of the Tyne Tunnel", + "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e6": "Arriva North East, Go North East and Stagecoach North East.", + "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e7": "Haymarket bus station", + "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e8": "Stagecoach North East", + "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3e9": "the Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive", + "57268ff9f1498d1400e8e3ea": "Arriva North East", + "57269120708984140094ca59": "1998", + "57269120708984140094ca5a": "its cycling strategy", + "57269120708984140094ca5b": "healthy living", + "57269120708984140094ca5c": "one way streets", + "57269120708984140094ca5d": "the National Cycling strategy", + "5726934f5951b619008f771d": "DFDS Seaways", + "5726934f5951b619008f771e": "October 2006", + "5726934f5951b619008f771f": "high fuel prices", + "5726934f5951b619008f7720": "late 2008", + "5726934f5951b619008f7721": "Thomson cruise lines", + "57269526dd62a815002e8a4e": "eleven", + "57269526dd62a815002e8a4f": ".", + "57269526dd62a815002e8a50": "the Royal Grammar School", + "57269526dd62a815002e8a51": "Newcastle College", + "57269526dd62a815002e8a52": "Catholic", + "57269698dd62a815002e8a6c": "two", + "57269698dd62a815002e8a6d": "the University of Newcastle upon Tyne", + "57269698dd62a815002e8a6e": "the coveted Sunday Times University of the Year award", + "57269698dd62a815002e8a6f": "the University of Northumbria at Newcastle", + "57269698dd62a815002e8a70": "the IT industry magazine Computing", + "572699b55951b619008f778f": "three cathedrals began their lives as parish churches. St Mary's became a cathedral in 1850 and St Nicholas' in 1882.", + "572699b55951b619008f7790": "1474", + "572699b55951b619008f7791": "the Coptic Cathedral", + "572699b55951b619008f7792": "St Thomas the Martyr", + "572699b55951b619008f7793": "parish churches", + "57269b165951b619008f77b3": "The Parish Church of St Andrew", + "57269b165951b619008f77b4": "1726", + "57269b165951b619008f77b5": "the main porch", + "57269b165951b619008f77b6": "the last of the ancient churchyards to retain its original character.", + "57269b165951b619008f77b7": "The church tower", + "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ca": "the City Road complex", + "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cb": "Gateshead", + "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cc": "studio 5 at the City Road complex", + "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4cd": "BBC North East and Cumbria", + "57269c26f1498d1400e8e4ce": "BBC Radio Newcastle", + "57269d745951b619008f77d7": "NE1fm", + "57269d745951b619008f77d8": "Newcastle Student Radio", + "57269d745951b619008f77d9": "1951", + "57269d745951b619008f77da": "Radio Lollipop", + "57269d745951b619008f77db": "Newcastle University", + "57269e80f1498d1400e8e520": "1770", + "57269e80f1498d1400e8e521": "Archbishop of Westminster", + "57269e80f1498d1400e8e522": "George Stephenson", + "57269e80f1498d1400e8e523": "the steam turbine", + "57269e80f1498d1400e8e524": "Thailand", + "57269fab5951b619008f7807": "Rutherford Grammar School", + "57269fab5951b619008f7808": ".", + "57269fab5951b619008f7809": "Nobel Prize", + "57269fab5951b619008f780a": "keyed Northumbrian smallpipes", + "57269fab5951b619008f780b": "Newcastle", + "5726710b708984140094c61d": "the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea", + "5726710b708984140094c61e": "The Victoria and Albert Museum", + "5726710b708984140094c61f": "1852", + "5726710b708984140094c620": "Queen Victoria and Prince Albert", + "572680ac708984140094c83d": "Kensington and Chelsea", + "572680ac708984140094c83e": "1852", + "572680ac708984140094c83f": "Queen Victoria and Prince Albert", + "572680ac708984140094c840": "the Department for Culture", + "572680ac708984140094c841": "2001", + "57268294708984140094c877": "12.5 acres (51,000 m2)", + "57268294708984140094c878": "145 galleries", + "57268294708984140094c879": "one of the largest museums in the world.", + "57268294708984140094c87a": "(51,000 m2)", + "57268294708984140094c87b": "Italian Renaissance", + "572685cd5951b619008f7573": "the Great Exhibition of 1851", + "572685cd5951b619008f7574": "Henry Cole", + "572685cd5951b619008f7575": "the Museum of Manufactures", + "572685cd5951b619008f7576": "South Kensington", + "572685cd5951b619008f7577": "Gottfried Semper", + "57268d02f1498d1400e8e378": "Queen Victoria", + "57268d02f1498d1400e8e379": "22 June 1857", + "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37a": "George Wallis", + "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37b": "22 June 1857", + "57268d02f1498d1400e8e37c": "1949", + "57268f2c708984140094ca25": "1946", + "57268f2c708984140094ca26": "nearly a million and a half visitors", + "57268f2c708984140094ca27": "the Council of Industrial Design", + "57268f2c708984140094ca28": "the Festival of Britain", + "57268f2c708984140094ca29": "1948", + "572691d7708984140094ca6d": "a rock concert", + "572691d7708984140094ca6e": "Gryphon", + "572691d7708984140094ca6f": "Roy Strong", + "572691d7708984140094ca70": "mediaeval music", + "57269656708984140094cafd": "Dundee", + "57269656708984140094cafe": ". As of 2015, with costs estimated at \u00a376 million", + "57269656708984140094caff": "the University of Dundee", + "57269656708984140094cb00": "opening a new \u00a343 million gallery in Dundee that would use the V&A brand although it would be funded through and operated independently.", + "57269656708984140094cb01": "five years", + "572698d7dd62a815002e8a98": "Brompton Park House", + "572698d7dd62a815002e8a99": "the Sheepshanks Gallery", + "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9a": "Francis Fowke", + "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9b": "June 1862", + "572698d7dd62a815002e8a9c": "the offices and board room", + "57269c06708984140094cba1": "Owen Jones", + "57269c06708984140094cba2": "Italian Renaissance", + "57269c06708984140094cba3": "James Gamble", + "57269c06708984140094cba4": "Humphry Davy", + "57269c06708984140094cba5": "Titian", + "57269d68708984140094cbd7": "Philip Webb and William Morris", + "57269d68708984140094cbd8": "Philip Webb and William Morris", + "57269d68708984140094cbd9": "James Gamble", + "57269d68708984140094cbda": "Alfred Stevens", + "57269d68708984140094cbdb": "Sir Edward Poynter", + "5726a0205951b619008f781b": "Henry Young Darracott Scott", + "5726a0205951b619008f781c": "School for Naval Architects", + "5726a0205951b619008f781d": "Cadeby stone", + "5726a0205951b619008f781e": "prints and architectural drawings", + "5726a0205951b619008f781f": "2008", + "5726a2445951b619008f7861": "sgraffito", + "5726a2445951b619008f7862": "Starkie Gardner", + "5726a2445951b619008f7863": "1870\u201373", + "5726a2445951b619008f7864": "the south side of the garden", + "5726a2445951b619008f7865": "Reuben Townroe", + "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5fe": "Aston Webb", + "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e5ff": "red brick and Portland stone", + "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e600": "720 feet", + "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e601": "an open work crown surmounted by a statue of fame", + "5726a5b5f1498d1400e8e602": "the top row of windows", + "5726a9ff708984140094cd4b": "Alfred Drury", + "5726a9ff708984140094cd4c": "four", + "5726a9ff708984140094cd4d": "Webb", + "5726a9ff708984140094cd4e": "marble", + "5726a9ff708984140094cd4f": "Queen Victoria", + "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9e": "the Art Library", + "5726ace8dd62a815002e8c9f": "the Henry Cole wing", + "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca0": "a new entrance building", + "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca1": "Christopher Hay and Douglas Coyne", + "5726ace8dd62a815002e8ca2": "a new entrance building", + "5726afeb708984140094cdd7": ".", + "5726afeb708984140094cdd8": "mosaic floors", + "5726afeb708984140094cdd9": "FuturePlan", + "5726afeb708984140094cdda": "South Kensington", + "5726afeb708984140094cddb": "Eva Ji\u0159i", + "5726b12f5951b619008f7aaf": "Kim Wilkie", + "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab0": "the John Madejski Garden", + "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab1": "an elliptical", + "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab2": "receptions", + "5726b12f5951b619008f7ab3": "American Sweetgum tree", + "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e4": "2004", + "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e5": "Royal Institute of British Architects", + "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e7": "over 600", + "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e6": "the RIBA Drawings and Archives Collection", + "5726b2fcf1498d1400e8e7e8": "over 700", + "5726b6e05951b619008f7b99": "Andrea Palladio", + "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9a": "Zaha Hadid", + "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9b": "over 330", + "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9c": "Andrea Palladio", + "5726b6e05951b619008f7b9d": "Andrea Palladio", + "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6a": "Bishopsgate", + "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6b": "the Great Fire of London", + "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6c": "c1600", + "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6d": "Montal", + "5726ba83dd62a815002e8e6e": "a column from the Alhambra", + "5726bc505951b619008f7c79": "19,000 items from the Islamic world, ranging from the early Islamic period (the 7th century) to the early 20th century.", + "5726bc505951b619008f7c7a": "2006", + "5726bc505951b619008f7c7b": "the Ardabil Carpet", + "5726bc505951b619008f7c7c": "Spain", + "5726bc505951b619008f7c7d": "1909", + "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c0": "nearly 60", + "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c1": "about 10", + "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c2": "6000 paintings, the range of the collection is immense.", + "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c4": "1991", + "5726bdc6f1498d1400e8e9c3": "Jawaharlal Nehru", + "5726bf325951b619008f7cfd": "more than 70,000 works of art from the countries of East Asia: China, Japan and Korea.", + "5726bf325951b619008f7cfe": "Japan and Korea.", + "5726bf325951b619008f7cff": "The Far Eastern collections include more than 70,000 works of art from the countries of East Asia: China, Japan and Korea.", + "5726bf325951b619008f7d00": "1991", + "5726bf325951b619008f7d01": "the Ming and Qing dynasties", + "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd8": "Toshiba", + "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fd9": "December 1986", + "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fda": "the 13th", + "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdb": "1550 to 1900", + "5726c4b5dd62a815002e8fdc": "bronze", + "5726c80c5951b619008f7de7": "the 14th to the 19th century", + "5726c80c5951b619008f7de8": "Korea, the Himalayan kingdoms and South East Asia. Korean displays include green-", + "5726c80c5951b619008f7de9": "Hindu and Buddhist sculptures", + "5726c80c5951b619008f7dea": "silk embroideries", + "5726c80c5951b619008f7deb": "ivory combs", + "5726c9a4708984140094d16f": "Leonardo da Vinci", + "5726c9a4708984140094d170": "Forster I", + "5726c9a4708984140094d171": "the Codex Forster", + "5726c9a4708984140094d172": "1869", + "5726c9a4708984140094d173": "1876", + "5726cc11dd62a815002e9086": "William Morris", + "5726cc11dd62a815002e9087": "William Morris", + "5726cc11dd62a815002e9088": "the 12th to 16th centuries", + "5726cc11dd62a815002e9089": "Joan of Arc", + "5726cc11dd62a815002e908a": "Lucas Horenbout", + "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc4": "Word and Image Department", + "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc5": "MODES", + "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc6": "Encoded Archival Description", + "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc8": "most of the items in the collection, unless those were newly accessioned into the collection, probably do not show up in the computer system.", + "5726ce11f1498d1400e8ebc7": "Search the Collections", + "5726cfa3708984140094d209": "2007", + "5726cfa3708984140094d20a": "the Factory Project", + "5726cfa3708984140094d20b": "Andy Warhol", + "5726cfa3708984140094d20c": "15", + "5726cfa3708984140094d20d": "the Factory Project", + "5726d4a45951b619008f7f69": "William Thomas Beckford and Thomas Hope.", + "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6a": "European artists that was purchased or commissioned by British patrons,", + "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6b": "Gian Lorenzo Bernini", + "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6c": "Horace Walpole", + "5726d4a45951b619008f7f6d": ", Canova, Thomas Chippendale,", + "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdb": "increasing emphasis on entertainment and leisure. For example, the increase in tea drinking", + "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecda": "entertainment and leisure.", + "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecde": "John Ruskin", + "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdc": "the growth of mass production", + "5726d7faf1498d1400e8ecdd": "the Arts and Crafts movement", + "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed16": "Trajan", + "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed17": "the Cast Courts in the sculpture wing, comprising two large, skylighted rooms two storeys high housing hundreds of plaster casts", + "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed18": "David", + "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed19": "Italian Renaissance sculpture and architecture", + "5726d993f1498d1400e8ed1a": "a glass case", + "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e4": "1731", + "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e5": "Frederick II the Great", + "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e6": "1762 by Frederick II the Great", + "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e7": "1909", + "5726dba1dd62a815002e92e8": "Chinese and Japanese ceramics", + "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd8": "Bernard Palissy", + "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edd9": "Britain and Holland", + "5726dd71f1498d1400e8edda": "a series of elaborately ornamented ceramic stoves from the 16th and 17th centuries, made in Germany and Switzerland.", + "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddb": "the 16th and 17th centuries", + "5726dd71f1498d1400e8eddc": "Germany and Switzerland.", + "5726de7a5951b619008f80ab": "4000 years", + "5726de7a5951b619008f80ac": ", Veronica Whall and Brian Clarke.", + "5726de7a5951b619008f80ad": "Ancient Egypt", + "5726de7a5951b619008f80af": "Lalique", + "5726de7a5951b619008f80ae": "Lalique.", + "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee52": "1994", + "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee53": "Danny Lane", + "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee54": "2004", + "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee55": "Dale Chihuly", + "5726e06df1498d1400e8ee56": "1243\u2013", + "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c4": ",", + "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c5": "drawings includes over 10,000 British and 2,000 old master works, including works by: D\u00fc", + "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c6": "D\u00fc", + "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c7": "D\u00fcrer", + "5726e1fcdd62a815002e93c8": "Antonio Verrio", + "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed8": "the Word and Image department", + "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eed9": "the Word and Image department", + "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eeda": "the Word and Image department", + "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedb": "1913", + "5726e37ef1498d1400e8eedc": "Harrods", + "5726e4eedd62a815002e9438": "2002", + "5726e4eedd62a815002e9439": "Vivienne Westwood", + "5726e4eedd62a815002e943a": "178 Vivienne Westwood", + "5726e4eedd62a815002e943b": "the Costiff collection", + "5726e4eedd62a815002e943c": "modern fashion", + "5726e680dd62a815002e946e": "1859 and 1865", + "5726e680dd62a815002e946f": "1859 and 1865", + "5726e680dd62a815002e9470": "art and furnishings was left to the museum in 1882, then valued at \u00a3250,000.", + "5726e680dd62a815002e9471": "1882", + "5726e680dd62a815002e9472": "art and furnishings was left to the museum in 1882, then valued at \u00a3250,000.", + "5726e834dd62a815002e94a4": "1580", + "5726e834dd62a815002e94a5": "Hans Vredeman de Vries", + "5726e834dd62a815002e94a6": "c1750", + "5726e834dd62a815002e94a7": "Germany", + "5726e834dd62a815002e94a8": "Charles and Ray Eames", + "5726e9c65951b619008f8247": "over 6000 items is one of the finest and most comprehensive collections of jewellery in the world and includes works dating from Ancient Egypt to the present day,", + "5726e9c65951b619008f8248": "Ancient Egypt", + "5726e9c65951b619008f8249": "1869", + "5726e9c65951b619008f824a": "154 gems", + "5726e9c65951b619008f824b": "William and Judith Bollinger", + "5726ee28708984140094d656": "secular and sacred covering both Christian (Roman Catholic, Anglican and Greek Orthodox) and Jewish liturgical vessels and items.", + "5726ee28708984140094d657": "1496\u201397", + "5726ee28708984140094d658": "8 tonnes", + "5726ee28708984140094d659": "Sir George Gilbert Scott", + "5726ee28708984140094d655": ", 10.5 metres high and 11 metres wide, designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott in 1862 for the chancel in Hereford Cathedral,", + "5726ef12dd62a815002e959e": "c1110", + "5726ef12dd62a815002e959f": "gilt bronze", + "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a0": "St Thomas Becket", + "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a1": "c1180", + "5726ef12dd62a815002e95a2": "copper", + "5726f1ec708984140094d6aa": "Chris Smith", + "5726f1ec708984140094d6ad": "Bryan Davies", + "5726f1ec708984140094d6ab": "the Horniman Museum", + "5726f1ec708984140094d6ac": "35", + "5726f1ec708984140094d6a9": "25 February 2010", + "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bc": "1130", + "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bd": "1130 British and 650 European oil paintings, 6800 British watercolours, pastels and 2000 miniatures,", + "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0be": "6800", + "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0bf": "Her Majesty the Queen Elizabeth II", + "5726f2bcf1498d1400e8f0c0": "Marzal De Sax", + "5726f4a0708984140094d6e9": "1857", + "5726f4a0708984140094d6ea": "233", + "5726f4a0708984140094d6eb": "A National Gallery of British Art", + "5726f4a0708984140094d6ec": "The Hay Wain", + "5726f4a0708984140094d6ed": "British artists", + "5726f755708984140094d737": "the galleries of continental art 1600\u20131800, including the portrait of Fran\u00e7ois, Duc d'Alen\u00e7on by Fran\u00e7ois", + "5726f755708984140094d738": "Madame de Pompadour", + "5726f755708984140094d739": "260 paintings and miniatures", + "5726f755708984140094d73a": "Madame de Pompadour", + "5726f90b708984140094d75d": "Eadweard Muybridge", + "5726f90b708984140094d75e": "1887", + "5726f90b708984140094d75f": "Eadweard Muybridge", + "5726f90b708984140094d760": "animals and humans", + "5726f90b708984140094d761": "James Lafayette", + "5726fb18dd62a815002e96ce": "about 400 AD to 1914.", + "5726fb18dd62a815002e96cf": "22", + "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d0": "about 400 AD to 1914", + "5726fb18dd62a815002e96d1": ", bronze, lead and ceramics.", + "5726fc63dd62a815002e9706": "National Galleries of Scotland", + "5726fc63dd62a815002e9707": "Neptune and Triton", + "5726fc63dd62a815002e9708": "Italian sculptors", + "5726fc63dd62a815002e9709": "Giuliano da Sangallo", + "5726fc63dd62a815002e970a": "Bartolomeo Bon", + "5726fe95dd62a815002e9732": "more than 20 works", + "5726fe95dd62a815002e9733": "the sculptor in 1914, as acknowledgement of Britain's support of France in World War I,", + "5726fe95dd62a815002e9734": "1914", + "5726fe95dd62a815002e9735": "in 1914", + "5726fe95dd62a815002e9736": "the statue of St John the Baptist", + "572700c8dd62a815002e976a": "Sir Henry Cheere", + "572700c8dd62a815002e976b": "Sir Henry Cheere", + "572700c8dd62a815002e976c": "Sir Henry Cheere", + "572700c8dd62a815002e976d": ".", + "572702a3dd62a815002e9790": "Dorothy and Michael Hintze", + "572702a3dd62a815002e9791": "2006", + "572702a3dd62a815002e9792": "theme", + "572702a3dd62a815002e9793": "Dorothy and Michael Hintze", + "572702a3dd62a815002e9794": "Tate Britain", + "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23c": "countries of origin and date of production.", + "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23d": "countries of origin and date of production.", + "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23e": "the 1st century AD", + "572703fdf1498d1400e8f23f": "the Near East, lace, European tapestries and English medieval church embroidery.", + "572703fdf1498d1400e8f240": "technique", + "57270541dd62a815002e97c8": "the Cloth of St Gereon", + "57270541dd62a815002e97c9": "the Netherlands", + "57270541dd62a815002e97ca": "the Netherlands", + "57270541dd62a815002e97cb": "various animals", + "57270541dd62a815002e97cc": "John Vanderbank", + "57270676dd62a815002e97f0": "late 14th", + "57270676dd62a815002e97f1": "William Morris", + "57270676dd62a815002e97f2": "1887", + "57270676dd62a815002e97f3": "William Morris", + "57270676dd62a815002e97f4": "Serge Chermayeff", + "57270817708984140094d8c7": "the Theatre Museum", + "57270817708984140094d8c8": "March 2009", + "57270817708984140094d8c9": "material about live performance in the UK since Shakespeare's day, covering drama, dance, musical theatre, circus, music hall, rock and pop,", + "57270817708984140094d8ca": "Shakespeare", + "57270817708984140094d8cb": "research", + "57270ab9708984140094d8f7": "Conservation", + "57270ab9708984140094d8f8": "temperature and light) and preventing pests (primarily insects) from damaging artefacts.", + "57270ab9708984140094d8f9": "Interventive treatment makes an object more stable,", + "57270ab9708984140094d8fa": "Conservation is responsible for the long-term preservation of the collections,", + "57270ab9708984140094d8fb": "preventive", + "57267b755951b619008f7433": "The Walt Disney Company", + "57267b755951b619008f7434": "1957", + "57267b755951b619008f7435": "Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan", + "57267b755951b619008f7436": "on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan", + "57267b755951b619008f7437": "Disney Media Networks", + "57267ca75951b619008f7469": "1943", + "57267ca75951b619008f746a": "a radio network", + "57267ca75951b619008f746b": "1943", + "57267ca75951b619008f746c": "ESPN", + "57267ca75951b619008f746d": "Capital Cities Communications", + "57267f1cdd62a815002e8740": "over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States and its territories.", + "57267f1cdd62a815002e8741": "Citadel Broadcasting", + "57267f1cdd62a815002e8742": "eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States and its territories.", + "57267f1cdd62a815002e8743": "simultaneous substitution regulations imposed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission that allow pay television providers", + "57267f1cdd62a815002e8744": "Citadel Broadcasting", + "5726808bdd62a815002e8776": "RCA", + "5726808bdd62a815002e8777": "NBC Blue and NBC Red", + "5726808bdd62a815002e8778": "the major cities", + "5726808bdd62a815002e8779": "drama series", + "5726808bdd62a815002e877a": "NBC Blue Network", + "572681ab708984140094c85d": "Mutual", + "572681ab708984140094c85e": "in 1940", + "572681ab708984140094c85f": "1940", + "572681ab708984140094c860": "the NBC Red Network", + "572681ab708984140094c861": "NBC Red or NBC Blue", + "572684f5dd62a815002e87fc": "Mark Woods", + "572684f5dd62a815002e87fd": "the NBC Blue Network", + "572684f5dd62a815002e87fe": "Dillon, Read & Co. (which was later acquired by the Swiss Bank Corporation in 1997) offered $7.", + "572684f5dd62a815002e87ff": "David Sarnoff", + "572684f5dd62a815002e8800": "5 million to purchase the network, but the offer was rejected by Woods and RCA president David Sarnoff", + "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29e": "Life Savers", + "572685d1f1498d1400e8e29f": "October 12", + "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a0": "George B", + "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a1": "president and CEO", + "572685d1f1498d1400e8e2a2": "June 30, 1951", + "57268739708984140094c8ed": "the Magnetophon tape recorder", + "57268739708984140094c8ee": "Paul Whiteman", + "57268739708984140094c8ef": "ABC", + "57268739708984140094c8f0": "Bing Crosby", + "57268739708984140094c8f1": "public service", + "57269260dd62a815002e89ea": "155 million", + "57269260dd62a815002e89eb": "ABC1", + "57269260dd62a815002e89ec": "2007", + "57269260dd62a815002e89ed": "ABC International", + "57269260dd62a815002e89ee": "the United States", + "57269344f1498d1400e8e43e": "1959", + "57269344f1498d1400e8e43f": "satellite television", + "57269344f1498d1400e8e440": "Japan and Latin America", + "57269344f1498d1400e8e441": "satellite television", + "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5c": "the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II", + "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5d": "Beirut", + "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5e": "the Mainichi Broadcasting System", + "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb5f": "technical problems", + "5726caaaf1498d1400e8eb60": "technical problems", + "5726e5ac708984140094d51b": "the Peanuts television specials", + "5726e5ac708984140094d51c": "the Academy Awards, Emmy Awards (which are rotated across all four major networks on a year-to-year basis)", + "5726e5ac708984140094d51d": "1965", + "5726e5ac708984140094d51e": "the Academy Awards", + "5726e5ac708984140094d51f": "A Charlie Brown Christmas", + "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef30": "1974", + "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef31": "Ryan Seacrest", + "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef32": "1954", + "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef33": "Ryan Seacrest", + "5726e5b1f1498d1400e8ef34": "TLC", + "5726e671dd62a815002e9464": "General Hospital", + "5726e671dd62a815002e9465": "1975", + "5726e671dd62a815002e9466": "The Edge of Night", + "5726e671dd62a815002e9467": "The View and The Chew", + "5726e671dd62a815002e9468": "1963", + "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6e": "X Games", + "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6c": "2006", + "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6b": "ESPN Sports Saturday block", + "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6a": "the NBA", + "5726e773f1498d1400e8ef6d": "The Open Championship golf and The Wimbledon tennis tournaments", + "5726e860708984140094d579": "Frank Marx", + "5726e860708984140094d57a": "VHF channel 7", + "5726e860708984140094d57b": "1947", + "5726e860708984140094d57c": "VHF channel 7", + "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa0": "108", + "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa1": "two television stations", + "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa2": "the DuMont Television Network", + "5726e942f1498d1400e8efa3": "CBS and NBC", + "5726ea06dd62a815002e950a": "Paramount Pictures", + "5726ea06dd62a815002e950b": "Paramount Pictures", + "5726ea06dd62a815002e950c": "nine", + "5726ea06dd62a815002e950d": "CBS", + "5726ea06dd62a815002e950e": "the Prudential Insurance Company of America", + "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff2": "Leonard Goldenson", + "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff3": "William S. Paley", + "5726ec6ff1498d1400e8eff4": "June 6", + "5726ed12708984140094d645": "1952", + "5726ed12708984140094d646": "1953", + "5726ed12708984140094d647": "American Broadcasting", + "5726ed12708984140094d648": "the Paramount Building", + "5726edeff1498d1400e8f024": "August 10", + "5726edeff1498d1400e8f025": "October 1948", + "5726edeff1498d1400e8f026": "Mount Wilson", + "5726edeff1498d1400e8f027": "The Prospect Studios", + "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c6": "1960", + "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c7": "The 1960s", + "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c8": "William Hanna and Joseph Barbera", + "5726efdbdd62a815002e95c9": "1960", + "5726f0865951b619008f82e5": "1959", + "5726f0865951b619008f82e6": "NBC", + "5726f0865951b619008f82e7": "1959", + "5726f0865951b619008f82e8": "1985", + "572734af708984140094dae3": "its circle logo", + "572734af708984140094dae4": "the Troika Design Group", + "572734af708984140094dae5": "dots and stripes in various promotional and identification spots.", + "572734af708984140094dae6": "Little Dot", + "572735a15951b619008f86bf": "Pittard Sullivan", + "572735a15951b619008f86c0": "2015", + "572735a15951b619008f86c1": "We Love TV", + "572735a15951b619008f86c2": "promotions and production company vanity cards", + "572736625951b619008f86d1": "the 1993\u201394 season", + "572736625951b619008f86d2": "the 1993\u201394 season", + "572736625951b619008f86d3": "1983", + "572736625951b619008f86d4": "That Special Feeling", + "572736fc5951b619008f86d9": "1977", + "572736fc5951b619008f86da": "black", + "572736fc5951b619008f86db": "a bubble on a black", + "57273799f1498d1400e8f4be": "Paul Rand", + "57273799f1498d1400e8f4bf": "Bauhaus", + "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c0": "Herbert Bayer", + "57273799f1498d1400e8f4c1": "1963", + "5727387b5951b619008f86e9": "ABC Radio", + "5727387b5951b619008f86ea": "October 19", + "5727387b5951b619008f86eb": "six divisions", + "57273954708984140094db05": "2004\u201305 season", + "57273954708984140094db06": "Dancing with the Stars", + "57273954708984140094db07": "Anne Sweeney", + "57273954708984140094db08": "NASCAR", + "57273a0d708984140094db0d": "2002", + "57273a0d708984140094db0e": "Michael Eisner", + "57273a0d708984140094db0f": "The Bachelor", + "57273a0d708984140094db10": "The Bachelorette", + "57273abef1498d1400e8f4da": "Time Warner Cable", + "57273abef1498d1400e8f4db": "the Federal Communications Commission", + "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dc": "NBC", + "57273abef1498d1400e8f4dd": "May 2", + "57273b69dd62a815002e99d6": "2000", + "57273b69dd62a815002e99d7": "The WB", + "57273b69dd62a815002e99d8": "CBS", + "57273c195951b619008f8721": "Regis Philbin", + "57273c195951b619008f8722": "Regis Philbin", + "57273c195951b619008f8723": "Buena Vista Television", + "57273c195951b619008f8724": "Meredith Vieira", + "57273d19708984140094db3d": "1995", + "57273d19708984140094db3e": "ABC Inc", + "57273d19708984140094db3f": "Knight Ridder", + "57273d19708984140094db40": "Robert Iger", + "57273d19708984140094db41": "Sports Night", + "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f508": "1964", + "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f509": "third place", + "57273dbbf1498d1400e8f50a": "Beating the Odds", + "57273ef15951b619008f8751": "May 1", + "57273ef15951b619008f8752": "7 West 66th Street", + "57273ef15951b619008f8753": "Baltimore", + "57273f9d708984140094db51": "Robert Kintner", + "57273f9d708984140094db52": "the DuMont Television Network", + "57273f9d708984140094db53": "ABC and UPT.", + "57273f9d708984140094db54": "5 million in cash, room on the schedule for existing DuMont programming, and guaranteed advertising time for DuMont Laboratories receivers.", + "5727403af1498d1400e8f526": "Paramount Pictures", + "5727403af1498d1400e8f527": "The Lone Ranger", + "5727403af1498d1400e8f528": "The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet", + "57274118dd62a815002e9a1c": "Cheyenne", + "57274118dd62a815002e9a1d": "Sugarfoot", + "57274118dd62a815002e9a1e": "its agreement with Walt Disney", + "57274118dd62a815002e9a1f": "the wheel series", + "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53e": "Roy", + "572741aaf1498d1400e8f53f": "Walt Disney and his brother Roy contacted Goldenson", + "572741aaf1498d1400e8f540": "1954", + "572741aaf1498d1400e8f541": "Disneyland", + "572742daf1498d1400e8f550": "Allen Shaw", + "572742daf1498d1400e8f551": "Allen Shaw", + "572742daf1498d1400e8f552": "LOVE Radio", + "572742daf1498d1400e8f553": "seven", + "5727436af1498d1400e8f558": "September 1969", + "5727436af1498d1400e8f559": "Duel", + "5727436af1498d1400e8f55a": "1971", + "5727436af1498d1400e8f55b": "400,000\u2013", + "572743fb708984140094db93": "the early 1970s", + "572743fb708984140094db94": "CBS and NBC in the ratings to become the first place network.", + "572743fb708984140094db95": "behavioral and demographic data", + "5727448b5951b619008f87a1": "Monday Night Football", + "5727448b5951b619008f87a2": "2006", + "5727448b5951b619008f87a3": "NBC", + "5727448b5951b619008f87a4": "15", + "57274633dd62a815002e9a4e": "1970", + "57274633dd62a815002e9a4f": "1972", + "57274633dd62a815002e9a50": "Worldvision Enterprises, which would produce and distribute programming for U.S. syndication, and ABC Circle Films", + "572746d3dd62a815002e9a66": "cigarette advertising", + "572746d3dd62a815002e9a67": "1971", + "572746d3dd62a815002e9a68": "Henry Plitt", + "572746d3dd62a815002e9a69": "Elton Rule", + "572747dd5951b619008f87a9": "1966", + "572747dd5951b619008f87aa": "Happy Days", + "572747dd5951b619008f87ab": "program development manager", + "572747dd5951b619008f87ac": "Paramount Pictures", + "572748745951b619008f87b1": "Fred Silverman", + "572748745951b619008f87b2": "Fred Silverman", + "572748745951b619008f87b3": "Fred Silverman", + "572748745951b619008f87b4": "1975", + "5727492f708984140094dbb5": "president of NBC", + "5727492f708984140094dbb6": "Laverne", + "5727492f708984140094dbb7": "jiggle TV", + "572749d7dd62a815002e9a90": "Alex Haley", + "572749d7dd62a815002e9a91": "Aaron Spelling", + "572749d7dd62a815002e9a92": "nine seasons", + "572749d7dd62a815002e9a93": "the 1976\u201377 season", + "572749d7dd62a815002e9a94": "Billy Crystal", + "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b4": "Roone Arledge", + "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b5": "ABC Sports", + "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b6": "7 Lincoln Square", + "57274a8cf1498d1400e8f5b7": "1979", + "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dc": "June 1978", + "57274baff1498d1400e8f5dd": "Hugh Downs", + "57274baff1498d1400e8f5de": "Barbara Walters", + "57274baff1498d1400e8f5df": "MCA Inc", + "57274cac708984140094dbdd": "ABC Cable News", + "57274cac708984140094dbde": "ABC News Now", + "57274cac708984140094dbdf": "WJRT", + "57274cac708984140094dbe0": "WTVG", + "57274d905951b619008f87e1": "The Writers Guild of America", + "57274d905951b619008f87e2": "Duel", + "57274d905951b619008f87e3": "Caris", + "57274e6a5951b619008f87f1": "ABC Entertainment Group", + "57274e6a5951b619008f87f2": "ABC Entertainment Group", + "57274e6a5951b619008f87f3": "Citadel Media", + "57274e6a5951b619008f87f4": "iTunes", + "57274f07708984140094dbed": "2010", + "57274f07708984140094dbee": "2004", + "57274f07708984140094dbef": "Fridays", + "57274f07708984140094dbf0": "Wednesdays", + "5727504b5951b619008f881d": "1970", + "5727504b5951b619008f881e": "Worldvision Enterprises", + "5727504b5951b619008f881f": "ABC Circle Films as a production company.", + "5727504b5951b619008f8820": "Turner Broadcasting System", + "57275273dd62a815002e9b16": "Disney\u2013ABC Domestic Television", + "57275273dd62a815002e9b17": "Buena Vista Television", + "57275273dd62a815002e9b18": "Buena Vista International Television", + "57275273dd62a815002e9b19": "the Selmur Productions catalog that the network acquired some years back,", + "57275339dd62a815002e9b28": "WABC-TV and WPVI-TV, the first two stations to carry the network's programming.", + "57275339dd62a815002e9b29": "eight", + "57275339dd62a815002e9b2a": "235 additional television stations encompassing 49 states, the District of Columbia, four U.S.", + "57275339dd62a815002e9b2b": "one television set).", + "572754b5dd62a815002e9b44": "1946", + "572754b5dd62a815002e9b45": "the seal of the Federal Communications Commission", + "572754b5dd62a815002e9b46": "1957", + "57275573708984140094dc45": "2011", + "57275573708984140094dc46": "Supernanny", + "57275573708984140094dc47": "HD", + "57275573708984140094dc48": "Supernanny", + "57275650708984140094dc5f": "720p high definition", + "57275650708984140094dc60": "high definition", + "57275650708984140094dc61": "11", + "57275650708984140094dc62": "high definition", + "57275743f1498d1400e8f680": "Body of Proof", + "57275743f1498d1400e8f681": "Happy Endings", + "57275743f1498d1400e8f682": "NBC", + "57275743f1498d1400e8f683": "Body of Proof", + "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b6": "All My Children and One Life to Live after 41 and 43 years on the air,", + "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b7": "Prospect Park", + "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b8": "Prospect Park", + "5727590df1498d1400e8f6b9": "The Revolution", + "5727590df1498d1400e8f6ba": "the 18\u201349", + "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6ca": "2004", + "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cb": "CBS", + "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cc": "The Goldbergs", + "572759c1f1498d1400e8f6cd": "The Neighbors", + "57275a505951b619008f889f": "The Middle and Modern Family, the latter of which was both", + "57275a505951b619008f88a0": "the Dragon", + "57275a505951b619008f88a1": "Sundays in the spring of 2010; the following season, it became the tentpole of the network's Friday night", + "57275a505951b619008f88a2": "Tim Allen", + "57275bfb708984140094dc97": "Daniel Burke", + "57275bfb708984140094dc98": "Thomas Murphy", + "57275bfb708984140094dc99": "NYPD Blue", + "57275bfb708984140094dc9a": "Steven Bochco", + "57275bfb708984140094dc9b": "ten seasons", + "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6da": "1993", + "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6db": "DIC Entertainment", + "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dc": "Time Warner Cable", + "57275cb3f1498d1400e8f6dd": "total viewership share of 23.63% of American households,", + "57275e125951b619008f88d7": "Chicago radio station WLS", + "57275e125951b619008f88d8": "May 1960", + "57275e125951b619008f88d9": "John Bassett", + "57275e125951b619008f88da": "a television station in Toronto", + "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f4": "Wide World of Sports", + "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f5": "Edgar Scherick", + "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f6": "Roone Arledge", + "57275e95f1498d1400e8f6f7": "Sports Programs", + "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f706": "the American Broadcasting Companies", + "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f707": "The Dating Game", + "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f708": "The Newlywed Game", + "57275f6ef1498d1400e8f709": "1330 Avenue of the Americas in Manhattan", + "57276166dd62a815002e9bd8": ".", + "57276166dd62a815002e9bd9": "Dynasty", + "57276166dd62a815002e9bda": "Benson", + "57276166dd62a815002e9bdb": "the Alpha Repertory Television Service", + "5727623a5951b619008f8921": "Infinity Broadcasting Corporation", + "5727623a5951b619008f8922": "Getty Oil", + "5727623a5951b619008f8923": "The Entertainment Channel", + "5727623a5951b619008f8924": "The Entertainment Channel", + "572763a8708984140094dcd9": "Daniel B", + "572763a8708984140094dcda": "chairman and CEO", + "572763a8708984140094dcdb": "465 million.", + "572763a8708984140094dcdc": "Step by Step, Hangin' with Mr. Cooper, Boy Meets World and Perfect Strangers spinoff Family Matters,", + "572763a8708984140094dcdd": "Home Improvement", + "572764855951b619008f8951": "General Hospital", + "572764855951b619008f8952": "ABC News programming includes Good Morning America from 7:00 to 9:00 a.m. weekdays (along with one-hour weekend editions)", + "572764855951b619008f8953": "ABC News programming includes Good Morning America from 7:00 to 9:00 a.m. weekdays (along with one-hour weekend editions)", + "572764855951b619008f8954": "Jimmy Kimmel", + "57276576dd62a815002e9c18": "-owned/co-managed full-power television station.", + "57276576dd62a815002e9c19": "WBMA", + "57276576dd62a815002e9c1a": "WBND", + "57276576dd62a815002e9c1b": "WLQP", + "57276690708984140094dd01": "ABC Circle Films", + "57276690708984140094dd02": "ABC Studios", + "57276690708984140094dd03": "The Prospect Studios", + "57276690708984140094dd04": "ABC Studios", + "5727678e5951b619008f8973": "the Times Square Studios", + "5727678e5951b619008f8974": "Good Morning America and Nightline", + "5727678e5951b619008f8975": "Peter Jennings Way", + "5727678e5951b619008f8976": "World News Tonight", + "572768d9708984140094dd13": "ABC on Demand", + "572768d9708984140094dd14": "Hulu", + "572768d9708984140094dd15": "2009", + "572768d9708984140094dd16": "The Walt Disney Company", + "572769e85951b619008f8985": "eight days after their initial broadcast,", + "572769e85951b619008f8986": "eight", + "572769e85951b619008f8987": "fast forwarding of accessed content", + "572769e85951b619008f8988": "January 7", + "57276a8f5951b619008f8995": "LoyalKaspar", + "57276a8f5951b619008f8996": "four variants are used selectively in advertising and by affiliates. A new custom typeface, \"ABC Modern\"", + "57276a8f5951b619008f8997": "ABC Modern", + "57276a8f5951b619008f8998": "ESPN on ABC", + "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b2": "14", + "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b3": "74", + "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b4": "the All-Channel Receiver Act (passed by Congress in 1961) mandated the inclusion of UHF tuning", + "57276c64f1498d1400e8f7b5": "UHF tuning", + "57276d7f708984140094dd3f": "Youngstown", + "57276d7f708984140094dd40": "five times", + "57276d7f708984140094dd41": "WTRF", + "57276d7f708984140094dd42": "the 1960s", + "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd0": "Walt Disney Presents", + "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd1": "Desilu Productions", + "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd2": "Desilu Productions", + "57276f82dd62a815002e9cd3": "April 1959", + "5727705f5951b619008f89f3": "the ABC Sunday Night Movie", + "5727705f5951b619008f89f4": "third place", + "5727705f5951b619008f89f5": "Hanna-Barbera, The Jetsons, which debuted on September 23, 1962 as the first television series to be broadcast in color on the network.", + "5727705f5951b619008f89f6": "The Jetsons", + "5727705f5951b619008f89f7": "1963", + "572771a5f1498d1400e8f840": "ITT management", + "572771a5f1498d1400e8f841": "the United States Department of Justice", + "572771a5f1498d1400e8f842": "the United States Department of Justice", + "572771a5f1498d1400e8f843": "1968", + "57277373dd62a815002e9d24": "Capital Cities Communications", + "57277373dd62a815002e9d25": "5 billion and $118 for each of ABC's shares as well as a guarantee of 10% (or $3)", + "57277373dd62a815002e9d26": "Warren Buffett", + "57277373dd62a815002e9d27": "Scripps Company", + "57277373dd62a815002e9d28": "12", + "572774cf5951b619008f8a51": "September 5", + "572774cf5951b619008f8a52": "the combined company \u2013 which became known as Capital Cities/ABC, Inc. \u2013", + "572774cf5951b619008f8a53": "president of ABC Broadcasting", + "572774cf5951b619008f8a54": "Frederick S", + "572774cf5951b619008f8a55": "Roone Arledge", + "57277585708984140094de2b": "Happy Days", + "57277585708984140094de2c": "Happy Days", + "57277585708984140094de2d": "NBC", + "57277585708984140094de2e": "The Love Boat", + "57277585708984140094de2f": "comedies", + "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c4": "Going Places", + "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c5": "Thank Goodness", + "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c6": "Warner Bros", + "57277632f1498d1400e8f8c7": "Warner Bros", + "572776e85951b619008f8a7f": "seven", + "572776e85951b619008f8a80": "Charly", + "572776e85951b619008f8a81": "Ralph Nelson", + "572776e85951b619008f8a82": "1985", + "572776e85951b619008f8a83": "Redwood City", + "5727780a5951b619008f8a9d": "American Bandstand", + "5727780a5951b619008f8a9e": "almost 500", + "5727780a5951b619008f8a9f": "relatively fewer affiliates than NBC and CBS.", + "5727780a5951b619008f8aa0": "Ollie Treiz", + "5727780a5951b619008f8aa1": "Dick Clark", + "57277944f1498d1400e8f90a": "counterprogramming against its competitors\"", + "57277944f1498d1400e8f90b": "Zorro", + "57277944f1498d1400e8f90c": "Life", + "57277944f1498d1400e8f90d": "detective shows", + "57277af2708984140094dec3": "WATCH ABC", + "57277af2708984140094dec4": ". broadcast network)", + "57277af2708984140094dec5": "Hearst Television", + "57277af2708984140094dec6": "WatchESPN", + "57277bfc708984140094ded9": "The Sinclair Broadcast Group", + "57277bfc708984140094deda": "The Sinclair Broadcast Group", + "57277bfc708984140094dedb": "The Sinclair Broadcast Group", + "57277bfc708984140094dedc": "28", + "57277bfc708984140094dedd": "15", + "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e76": "Start Here", + "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e77": "Troika", + "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e78": "the entertainment division", + "57277cf6dd62a815002e9e79": "ABC News", + "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea4": "WWSB and WOTV", + "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea5": "WWSB and WOTV", + "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea6": "WWSB and WOTV", + "57277de9dd62a815002e9ea7": "WTSP", + "57269e8a5951b619008f77f5": "the Mongol Empire", + "57269e8a5951b619008f77f6": "the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia", + "57269e8a5951b619008f77f7": "Central Asia and China.", + "57269e8a5951b619008f77f8": "Central Asia and China", + "57269e8a5951b619008f77f9": "Western Xia and Jin dynasties. These campaigns were often accompanied by wholesale massacres of the civilian populations \u2013", + "5726a00d708984140094cc25": "\u00d6gedei Khan", + "5726a00d708984140094cc26": "1227", + "5726a00d708984140094cc27": "the Western Xia", + "5726a00d708984140094cc28": "his sons and grandsons", + "5726a00d708984140094cc29": "Mongolia", + "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e578": "Tem\u00fcjin", + "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e579": "Yes\u00fcgei", + "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57a": "1162", + "5726a21bf1498d1400e8e57b": "a Tatar chieftain", + "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbc": "Tem\u00fclen", + "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbd": "his father to the family of his future wife B\u00f6rte, who was a member of the tribe Khongirad. Tem\u00fc", + "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbe": "B\u00f6rte", + "5726a340dd62a815002e8bbf": "Khongirad", + "5726a340dd62a815002e8bc0": "Dai Setsen", + "5726a4a9708984140094ccb7": "Begter", + "5726a4a9708984140094ccb8": "Hoelun", + "5726a4a9708984140094ccb9": "Tem\u00fcjin and his brother Khasar", + "5726a4a9708984140094ccba": "one hunting excursion", + "5726a5f65951b619008f7903": "his father", + "5726a5f65951b619008f7904": "his father", + "5726a5f65951b619008f7905": "Chilaun", + "5726a5f65951b619008f7906": "Jelme", + "5726a5f65951b619008f7907": "a river crevice", + "5726a784708984140094ccff": "arranged marriages", + "5726a784708984140094cd00": "Hoelun", + "5726a784708984140094cd01": "the Chinese dynasties", + "5726a784708984140094cd02": "the need for alliances", + "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c34": "B\u00f6rte of the Onggirat tribe", + "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c35": "the Merkits", + "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c36": "Toghrul Khan", + "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c37": "Jochi", + "5726a8d4dd62a815002e8c38": "1185\u20131226", + "5726a9ed5951b619008f7969": "six", + "5726a9ed5951b619008f796a": "Chagatai", + "5726a9ed5951b619008f796b": "1187\u20141241", + "5726a9ed5951b619008f796c": "Genghis Khan", + "5726a9ed5951b619008f796d": "at least six", + "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a2": "sworn brother or blood brother", + "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a3": "Toghrul", + "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a4": "the Keraites", + "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a5": "B\u00f6rte", + "5726ab47f1498d1400e8e6a6": "Jamukha", + "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ca": "Jamukha and Tem\u00fc", + "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cb": "Kokochu", + "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cc": "1186", + "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6cd": "the Battle of Dalan Balzhut", + "5726acc1f1498d1400e8e6ce": "the Qara Khitai", + "5726ae32708984140094cdab": "the Yassa code", + "5726ae32708984140094cdac": "wealth", + "5726ae32708984140094cdad": "orphans", + "5726ae32708984140094cdae": "wealth", + "5726af765951b619008f7a51": "Jochi", + "5726af765951b619008f7a52": "Jamukha", + "5726af765951b619008f7a53": "Toghrul and Jamukha", + "5726af765951b619008f7a54": "the Keraite tribe", + "5726b0985951b619008f7a91": "Jelme", + "5726b0985951b619008f7a92": "1201", + "5726b0985951b619008f7a93": "universal ruler", + "5726b0985951b619008f7a94": "Subutai", + "5726b0985951b619008f7a95": "1206", + "5726b1d95951b619008f7acd": "friendship and reunion", + "5726b1d95951b619008f7ace": "his friendship", + "5726b1d95951b619008f7acf": "a noble death", + "5726b1d95951b619008f7ad0": "a noble death", + "5726b879708984140094cf01": "the Chinese", + "5726b879708984140094cf02": "the tribes led by Jamukha", + "5726b879708984140094cf03": "Khasar", + "5726b879708984140094cf04": "his extensive spy network and Yam route systems", + "5726b879708984140094cf05": "Wang Khan", + "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf1": "1206", + "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf2": "a Khuruldai", + "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf3": "Khagan", + "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf4": "Tem\u00fcjin", + "5726b9e15951b619008f7bf5": "Genghis Khan", + "5726bb645951b619008f7c3b": "the Jin dynasty", + "5726bb645951b619008f7c3c": "Ming-Tan, to the Mongol side, who defected and told the Mongols that the Jin army was waiting on the other side of the pass.", + "5726bb645951b619008f7c3d": "1215", + "5726bb645951b619008f7c3e": "Zhongdu", + "5726bb645951b619008f7c3f": "\u00d6gedei Khan", + "5726bd655951b619008f7c9f": "Genghis Khan", + "5726bd655951b619008f7ca0": "the Liao dynasty", + "5726bd655951b619008f7ca1": "two tumen", + "5726bd655951b619008f7ca2": "Jebe", + "5726bd655951b619008f7ca3": "The Arrow", + "5726bf135951b619008f7ce9": "the Qara Khitai", + "5726bf135951b619008f7cea": "Kashgar", + "5726bf135951b619008f7ceb": "Lake Balkhash", + "5726bf135951b619008f7cec": "the Qara Khitai", + "5726bf135951b619008f7ced": "a Muslim state", + "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f76": "the Shah", + "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f77": "the governor Inalchuq", + "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f78": "a Muslim", + "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f79": "three ambassadors", + "5726c0c5dd62a815002e8f7a": "the Silk Road", + "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa6": "the Tien Shan", + "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa7": "three groups", + "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa8": "Samarkand. The third division under Genghis Khan and Tolui marched to the northwest and attacked Khwarzemia from that direction.", + "5726c20fdd62a815002e8fa9": "Genghis Khan and Tolui", + "5726c20fdd62a815002e8faa": "Samarkand", + "5726c3b3708984140094d0cf": "fragmentation", + "5726c3b3708984140094d0d0": "Otrar", + "5726c3b3708984140094d0d1": "molten silver", + "5726c3b3708984140094d0d2": "Inalchuq by pouring molten silver into his ears and eyes,", + "5726c3b3708984140094d0d3": "Inalchuq", + "5726c4c8708984140094d0f5": "Samarkand", + "5726c4c8708984140094d0f6": "Bukhara", + "5726c4c8708984140094d0f7": "a river through the Khwarezmid emperor's birthplace, erasing it from the map.", + "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae2": "body shields", + "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae3": ".", + "5726c61ff1498d1400e8eae4": "pyramids of severed heads", + "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddd": "Genghis Khan", + "5726c7a85951b619008f7dde": "Turkish defenders", + "5726c7a85951b619008f7ddf": "artisans and craftsmen", + "5726c7a85951b619008f7de0": "the flail of God", + "5726c7a85951b619008f7de1": "Genghis Khan", + "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9046": "1223", + "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9047": "Subutai", + "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9048": ".", + "5726c9b0dd62a815002e9049": "the Battle of Kalka River", + "5726c9b0dd62a815002e904a": "Mstislav III", + "57272bcb5951b619008f8683": "Subutai and Jebe", + "57272bcb5951b619008f8684": "Subutai and Jebe", + "57272bcb5951b619008f8685": "Subutai and Jebe", + "57272bcb5951b619008f8686": "1225", + "57272bcb5951b619008f8687": "Samarkand", + "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43a": "1226", + "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43b": "1226", + "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43c": "Genghis Khan", + "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43d": "the Yellow River", + "57272ce1f1498d1400e8f43e": "a line of five stars", + "57272dd55951b619008f8697": "Ning Hia", + "57272dd55951b619008f8698": "Ma Jianlong", + "57272dd55951b619008f8699": "arrows", + "57272dd55951b619008f869a": "Liupanshan", + "57272dd55951b619008f869b": "their betrayal and resistance", + "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44e": "Jochi was particularly contentious because of the seniority of Jochi among the brothers. According to traditional historical accounts, the issue over Jochi", + "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f44f": "Chagatai", + "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f450": "The Secret History of the Mongols", + "57272ec7f1498d1400e8f451": "and possibly for other reasons, \u00d6gedei", + "57272ff2708984140094dabd": "Chagatai and Jochi", + "57272ff2708984140094dabe": "Chagatai", + "57272ff2708984140094dabf": "Tolui", + "57272ff2708984140094dac0": "\u00d6gedei", + "5727311d5951b619008f86ab": "1226", + "5727311d5951b619008f86ac": "Khorasan", + "5727311d5951b619008f86ad": "the siege of Urgench", + "5727311d5951b619008f86ae": "Sultan Muhammad", + "5727311d5951b619008f86af": "an order from Genghis Khan", + "57273249f1498d1400e8f46a": "Yinchuan", + "57273249f1498d1400e8f46b": "falling from his horse", + "57273249f1498d1400e8f46c": "an arrow", + "57273249f1498d1400e8f46d": "a Western Xia princess", + "57273249f1498d1400e8f46e": "the rival Oirads", + "572732f8f1498d1400e8f474": ".", + "572732f8f1498d1400e8f475": "Khentii Aimag", + "572732f8f1498d1400e8f476": "the Onon River", + "572732f8f1498d1400e8f477": "The Genghis Khan Mausoleum", + "57273455f1498d1400e8f48c": "Edsen Khoroo", + "57273455f1498d1400e8f48d": "Dongshan Dafo Dian", + "57273455f1498d1400e8f48e": "a Buddhist monastery, the Dongshan Dafo Dian", + "57273455f1498d1400e8f48f": "1954", + "57273455f1498d1400e8f490": "Red Guards", + "57273581708984140094daeb": "October 6", + "57273581708984140094daec": "permafrost", + "57273581708984140094daed": "Genghis Khan", + "57273581708984140094daee": "horses", + "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b5": "Genghis Khan", + "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b4": "the Yassa", + "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b6": "the Yassa", + "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b7": "Genghis Khan and his family", + "572736bff1498d1400e8f4b8": "Genghis Khan and his family", + "57273887dd62a815002e99a2": "tax exemptions", + "57273887dd62a815002e99a3": "Ong Khan", + "57273887dd62a815002e99a4": "religious tolerance", + "57273887dd62a815002e99a5": "religious tolerance", + "572739a75951b619008f86f7": "T\u00f6regene Khatun", + "572739a75951b619008f86f8": "the Pax Mongolica", + "572739a75951b619008f86f9": "the Chinese", + "572739a75951b619008f86fa": "the Great Yassa", + "57273b1a5951b619008f8709": "a Khitan prince", + "57273b1a5951b619008f870a": "the question of revenge did not apply.", + "57273b1a5951b619008f870b": "the Jin dynasty", + "57273b1a5951b619008f870c": "Khitan rulers", + "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e2": "his generals a great deal of autonomy in making command decisions, Genghis Khan also expected unwavering loyalty from them.", + "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e3": "Karakorum", + "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e4": "Muqali", + "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e5": "Subutai and Jebe", + "57273c01f1498d1400e8f4e6": "unwavering loyalty", + "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f6": "rivers", + "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f7": "Muslim and Chinese siege engines and engineers", + "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f8": "feigned retreat", + "57273d06f1498d1400e8f4f9": "Muslim and Chinese siege engines and engineers to aid the Mongol cavalry in capturing cities.", + "57273dccdd62a815002e99fa": "the Caspian Sea", + "57273dccdd62a815002e99fb": "the Caspian Sea", + "57273dccdd62a815002e99fc": "Genghis Khan", + "57273dccdd62a815002e99fd": "1279", + "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51e": "the Silk Road", + "57273eecf1498d1400e8f51f": "Turkey", + "57273eecf1498d1400e8f520": "meritocracy in his rule, was tolerant of religions and explained his policies clearly to all his soldiers.", + "57273eecf1498d1400e8f521": "the Silk Road", + "5727404b708984140094db59": "the early 1990s", + "5727404b708984140094db5a": "his role in uniting warring tribes", + "5727404b708984140094db5b": "his perception", + "5727404b708984140094db5c": "his butchery", + "5727404b708984140094db5d": "a chasm in the perception of his brutality", + "57274126dd62a815002e9a24": "Mongolian t\u00f6gr\u00f6g", + "57274126dd62a815002e9a25": "Genghis Khan", + "57274126dd62a815002e9a26": "Chinggis Khaan International Airport", + "57274126dd62a815002e9a27": "repeated discussions about regulating the use of his name and image to avoid trivialization", + "57274126dd62a815002e9a28": "Ulaanbaatar", + "5727515af1498d1400e8f63a": "the Ikh Zasag", + "5727515af1498d1400e8f63b": "corruption and bribery", + "5727515af1498d1400e8f63c": "Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj", + "5727515af1498d1400e8f63d": "the introduction of the traditional Mongolian script", + "57275250708984140094dc25": "Inner Mongolia", + "57275250708984140094dc26": "Genghis Khan", + "57275250708984140094dc27": "Kublai Khan", + "57275250708984140094dc28": "the Yuan dynasty", + "57275250708984140094dc29": "his grandson Kublai Khan completed that conquest and established the Yuan dynasty that is often credited with re-uniting China.", + "572753af708984140094dc2f": "Iran", + "572753af708984140094dc30": "10 to 15 million people", + "572753af708984140094dc31": "10 to 15 million people", + "572754cd5951b619008f8863": "Batu Khan", + "572754cd5951b619008f8864": "the Mamluks of Egypt", + "572754cd5951b619008f8865": "Batu Khan", + "572754cd5951b619008f8866": "Batu Khan", + "572754cd5951b619008f8867": "Genghis Khan", + "572756715951b619008f8877": "Mughal Emperors", + "572756715951b619008f8878": "Genghis Khan and Timur", + "572756715951b619008f8879": "Attar of Nishapur", + "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69a": "Tenggis Khan\", which they did not.) Zh\u00e8", + "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69b": "Lake Baikal", + "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69c": "adjectival modifier", + "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69d": "Chinggis\"", + "5727580bf1498d1400e8f69e": "Chinggis", + "572758c3dd62a815002e9b78": "Chinggis Khaan", + "572758c3dd62a815002e9b79": "Tem\u00fcjin is written in Chinese as simplified Chinese: \u94c1\u6728\u771f; traditional Chinese: \u9435\u6728\u771e; pinyin: Ti\u011b", + "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7a": "Ch\u00e9ngj\u00eds", + "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7b": "Tem\u00fcjin is written in Chinese as simplified Chinese: \u94c1\u6728", + "572758c3dd62a815002e9b7c": "Ch\u00e9ngj\u00eds", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35b": "its root word pharma", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35c": "tobacco and patent medicines. Often the place that did this was called an apothecary and several languages have this as the dominant term,", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35d": "sorcery", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35e": "several languages have this as the dominant term,", + "5726d8bd708984140094d35f": "an apothecary and several languages have this as the dominant term,", + "5726d9935951b619008f7fed": "healthcare professionals", + "5726d9935951b619008f7fee": "optimisation of a drug treatment for an individual.", + "5726d9935951b619008f7fef": "optimisation of a drug treatment", + "5726d9935951b619008f7ff0": "optimisation of a drug treatment for an individual.", + "5726d9935951b619008f7ff1": "education and training", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b2": "the General Pharmaceutical Council", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b3": "the General Pharmaceutical Council", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b4": "the practice of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians.", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b5": "a health care professional", + "5726da89dd62a815002e92b6": "a health care professional and often does not work under the direct supervision of a pharmacist (if employed in a hospital pharmacy)", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d5": "five volume book in his native Greek \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d6": "De Materia Medica", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d7": "materia medica", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d4": "Diocles", + "5726db5add62a815002e92d8": "middle eastern scientists", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9320": "highly respected. The place of pharmacists in society was expressly defined in the Taih\u014d", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9321": "the Taih\u014d Code", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9322": "the Taih\u014d Code", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9323": "physicians and acupuncturists.", + "5726dcbddd62a815002e9324": "the Imperial household", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee04": "Avicenna", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee05": "Avicenna", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee06": "Avicenna", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee08": "Avicenna", + "5726ddf6f1498d1400e8ee07": "botany and chemistry led medicine in medieval Islam substantially to develop pharmacology. Muhammad ibn Zakar\u012bya R\u0101", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c5": "1317", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c6": "Florence", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c7": "a museum", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c8": "old prescription books and antique drugs", + "5726deed5951b619008f80c9": "1221", + "5726e08e5951b619008f810f": "pharmacy legislation", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8110": "patient safety issues.", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8111": "automation", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8112": "patient safety issues", + "5726e08e5951b619008f8113": "the use of trained pharmacy technicians", + "5726e179dd62a815002e93ae": "a pharmacy practice residency", + "5726e179dd62a815002e93af": "various disciplines of pharmacy.", + "5726e179dd62a815002e93b0": "education and training after pharmacy school through a pharmacy practice residency and sometimes followed by another residency in a specific area.", + "5726e179dd62a815002e93b1": "a pharmacy practice residency", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb2": "within the premises of the hospital", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb3": "sterile products for patients including total parenteral nutrition (TPN),", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb4": "high risk preparations and some other compounding functions to companies who specialize in compounding. The high cost of medications and drug-related technology,", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb5": "patient safety", + "5726e313f1498d1400e8eeb6": "adequate training of personnel, quality assurance of products,", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9404": "direct patient care services", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9405": "the clinical pharmacy movement", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9406": "physicians", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9407": "the interdisciplinary approach to patient care", + "5726e3c4dd62a815002e9408": "hospitals and clinics", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81cb": "creating a comprehensive drug therapy plan for patient-specific problems, identifying goals of therapy,", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81cc": "The clinical pharmacist", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81cd": "The clinical pharmacist", + "5726e5c95951b619008f81ce": "potential drug interactions", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94da": "full independent prescribing authority", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94db": "North Carolina and New Mexico", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94dc": "2011", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94dd": "Board Certified Ambulatory Care Pharmacist and these pharmacists will carry the initials BCACP", + "5726e985dd62a815002e94de": "ambulatory care pharmacists are given full independent prescribing authority.", + "5726ea985951b619008f8261": "medication regimen review", + "5726ea985951b619008f8262": "in the United States", + "5726ea985951b619008f8263": "Omnicare", + "5726ea985951b619008f8264": "medication regimen review", + "5726ea985951b619008f8265": "consulting services", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826b": "about the year 2000", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826c": ".", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826d": "online pharmacies", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826e": "the method by which the medications are requested and received", + "5726eb4b5951b619008f826f": "the method by which the medications are requested and received", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00c": "this practice has been criticized as potentially dangerous,", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00d": "customers order drugs from such pharmacies to avoid the \"inconvenience\"", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00e": "contraindications, risk/benefit ratios, and an individual's overall suitability for use of a medication.", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f00f": "this practice has been criticized as potentially dangerous,", + "5726ed6cf1498d1400e8f010": "prescription drugs and require a valid prescription, some Internet pharmacies sell prescription drugs without requiring a prescription.", + "5726edecdd62a815002e957e": ")", + "5726edecdd62a815002e957f": "a legitimate medical purpose", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05e": ")", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f05f": ") via the Internet without a prescription issued by a doctor/practitioner who has an established doctor-patient relationship.", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f060": "responsibility to ensure that the prescription is valid", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f061": "individual state laws", + "5726ef73f1498d1400e8f062": "an Internet server, for a controlled substance to a \"patient\" s/he has never met.", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82f7": "consumer costs. While in most cases importation of prescription medications", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82f8": "Canada", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82f9": "consumers", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82fa": ".", + "5726f0e35951b619008f82fb": "importation of medications from Canada and other countries, in order to reduce consumer costs. While in most cases importation of prescription medications", + "5726f2375951b619008f830f": "pharmacy practice science and applied information science", + "5726f2375951b619008f8310": "pharmacy practice science and applied information science", + "5726f2375951b619008f8311": "national and international patient information projects and health system interoperability goals", + "5726f2375951b619008f8312": "pharmacy practice science and applied information science", + "5726f2375951b619008f8313": "a practice area and specialist domain", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e95fe": "Specialty pharmacies supply high cost injectable, oral, infused,", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e95ff": "19", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e9600": "chronic and complex disease states such as cancer, hepatitis,", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e9601": ", hepatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis.", + "5726f36cdd62a815002e9602": "medications", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0da": "separately from physicians. These jurisdictions also usually specify that only pharmacists may supply scheduled pharmaceuticals to the public,", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0db": "only pharmacists", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dc": "the American Medical Association", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0dd": "7 to 10 percent of American physicians practices reportedly dispense drugs on their own.", + "5726f48df1498d1400e8f0de": "patient exploitation", + "5726f635dd62a815002e9657": "the United Kingdom", + "5726f635dd62a815002e9656": "dispensing physicians", + "5726f635dd62a815002e9658": "1", + "5726f635dd62a815002e9659": "4 kilometers", + "5726f7715951b619008f838d": "a conflict of interest", + "5726f7715951b619008f838e": "the majority rule", + "5726f7715951b619008f838f": "the majority rule", + "5726f7715951b619008f8391": "the majority rule", + "5726f7715951b619008f8390": "the majority rule", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9684": "patient care skills", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9685": "patient care skills", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9686": "clinical services", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9687": "Medication Therapy Management", + "5726f868dd62a815002e9688": "increased patient health outcomes", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e9698": "Alberta and British Columbia", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e9699": "the Australian Government", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e969a": "pharmacy education", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e969b": "pharmaceutical care or clinical pharmacy", + "5726f96ddd62a815002e969c": "the Doctor of Pharmacy", + "5726fa525951b619008f83f7": "the mortar and pestle and the \u211e (recipere) character, which is often written as \"Rx\"", + "5726fa525951b619008f83f8": "the mortar and pestle", + "5726fa525951b619008f83f9": "the Netherlands, conical measures, and caduceuses in their logos.", + "5726fa525951b619008f83fa": "Germany and Austria", + "5726fa525951b619008f83fb": "France, Argentina, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Ireland, Italy, Spain,", + "5726e65e708984140094d53d": "a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", + "5726e65e708984140094d53e": "pathogens", + "5726e65e708984140094d53f": "the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans, the blood\u2013", + "5726e65e708984140094d540": "the neuroimmune system", + "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efda": "a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.", + "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdb": "pathogens", + "5726eb76f1498d1400e8efdc": "the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans, the blood\u2013", + "5728eff82ca10214002daadc": "pathogens", + "5728eff82ca10214002daadd": "pathogens", + "5728eff82ca10214002daade": "the neuroimmune system", + "5728eff82ca10214002daadf": "the blood\u2013brain barrier", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c1": "pathogens", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c3": "the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans, the blood\u2013", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c2": "the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans, the blood\u2013", + "572a14af3f37b319004786c4": "the neuroimmune system", + "5726eb785951b619008f8275": "the immune system", + "5726eb785951b619008f8276": "multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens.", + "5726eb785951b619008f8277": "ancient eukaryotes", + "5726eb785951b619008f8278": "the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory", + "572a135daf94a219006aa79f": "bacteriophage", + "572a135daf94a219006aa7a0": "defensins", + "572a135daf94a219006aa7a1": "vaccination", + "572a135daf94a219006aa7a2": "acquired immunity", + "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe2": "Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal,", + "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe3": "a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS,", + "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe4": "the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-", + "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe5": "Disorders of the immune system", + "5726eb8bf1498d1400e8efe6": "Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal,", + "5728f2e26aef051400154896": "Immunodeficiency", + "5728f2e26aef051400154897": "autoimmunity", + "5728f2e26aef051400154898": "Immunology", + "5728f2e26aef051400154899": "the use of immunosuppressive medication", + "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f166": "Thucydides", + "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f167": "scorpion venom", + "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f168": "Louis Pasteur", + "5726f8abf1498d1400e8f169": "Walter Reed", + "5728f3724b864d1900165116": "Robert Koch", + "5728f3724b864d1900165117": "microorganisms", + "5728f3724b864d1900165118": "the yellow fever virus", + "5728f3724b864d1900165119": "430 BC", + "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16e": "an immunological memory", + "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f16f": "the immune system", + "5726f8aef1498d1400e8f170": "the adaptive immune system", + "5728f6446aef0514001548e4": "the innate immune system", + "5728f6446aef0514001548e5": "the adaptive immune system", + "5728f6446aef0514001548e6": "an immunological memory", + "5728f6446aef0514001548e7": "the immune system", + "5728f7774b864d190016512e": "innate and adaptive immunity depend on the ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self molecules.", + "5728f7774b864d190016512f": ") and are defined as substances that bind to specific immune receptors and elicit an immune response.", + "5728f7774b864d1900165130": ".", + "5728f7774b864d1900165131": "antigens", + "5728f7774b864d1900165132": "specific immune receptors", + "5728f9882ca10214002dab5a": "pattern recognition receptors", + "5728f9882ca10214002dab5b": "the innate immune system", + "5728f9882ca10214002dab5c": "microorganisms", + "5728f9882ca10214002dab5d": "the dominant system of host defense", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6a": "the first line of defense against infection.", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6b": "waxy cuticle", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6c": "coughing and sneezing", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6d": "mucus", + "5728fb002ca10214002dab6e": "tears and urine", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec7": "antimicrobial peptides", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec8": "lysozyme", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ec9": "defensins and zinc", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9eca": "gastric acid and proteases", + "5728fc2eaf94a219006a9ecb": "menarche", + "5728fd206aef05140015494c": "commensal flora", + "5728fd206aef05140015494d": "fungi and cause conditions such as a vaginal candidiasis (a yeast infection)", + "5728fd206aef05140015494e": "lactobacilli", + "5728fd206aef05140015494f": "pH or available iron. This reduces the probability that pathogens will reach sufficient numbers to cause illness.", + "572900f73f37b31900477f69": "eicosanoids and cytokines", + "572900f73f37b31900477f6a": "eicosanoids", + "572900f73f37b31900477f6b": "eicosanoids and cytokines", + "572900f73f37b31900477f6c": "prostaglandins", + "572900f73f37b31900477f6d": "interleukins", + "572905ce1d04691400778f83": "phagocytes", + "572905ce1d04691400778f84": "cytokines", + "572905ce1d04691400778f85": "a phagosome", + "572905ce1d04691400778f86": "a phagolysosome", + "572905ce1d04691400778f87": "acquiring nutrients", + "5729081d3f37b31900477fab": "Neutrophils and macrophages", + "5729081d3f37b31900477fac": "Neutrophils and macrophages", + "5729081d3f37b31900477fad": "Neutrophils and macrophages", + "5729081d3f37b31900477fae": "chemotaxis", + "5729081d3f37b31900477faf": "interleukin 1", + "572908c13f37b31900477fbd": "innate leukocytes", + "572908c13f37b31900477fbe": "innate leukocytes", + "572908c13f37b31900477fbf": "the innate immune system", + "572908c13f37b31900477fc0": "innate leukocytes", + "5729efab3f37b319004785cf": "dendritic cells", + "5729efab3f37b319004785d0": "neuronal dendrites", + "5729efab3f37b319004785d1": "dendritic cells", + "5729efab3f37b319004785d2": "T cells", + "5729f06f1d04691400779674": "missing self", + "5729f06f1d04691400779673": "Natural killer cells", + "5729f06f1d04691400779675": "MHC I", + "5729f06f1d04691400779676": "killer cell immunoglobulin receptors (KIR", + "5729f12e3f37b319004785e1": "early vertebrates", + "5729f12e3f37b319004785e2": "antigen presentation", + "5729f12e3f37b319004785e3": "pathogens", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d3": "the killer T cell and the helper T cell.", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d4": "regulatory T cells", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d5": "Class I MHC molecules", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d6": "Class II MHC molecules", + "5729f1fcaf94a219006aa6d7": "the \u03b3\u03b4", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514c": "Killer T cells are a sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are infected with viruses (and other pathogens)", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514e": "CD8", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514d": "their T cell receptor", + "5729f39a6aef051400155150": "granulysin", + "5729f39a6aef05140015514f": "perforin", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968b": "CD4 co-receptor, which recruits molecules inside the T cell (e.g., Lck", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968c": "around 200\u2013300", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968d": "around 200\u2013300", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968e": "cytokines", + "5729f4b41d0469140077968f": "CD40 ligand", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478605": "innate and adaptive immunity.", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478606": "an alternative T cell receptor", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478607": "Gamma delta T cells (\u03b3\u03b4 T cells) possess an alternative T cell receptor (TCR)", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478608": "receptor diversity", + "5729f5a03f37b31900478609": "Gamma delta T cells (\u03b3\u03b4 T cells) possess an alternative T cell receptor (TCR)", + "5729f69caf94a219006aa6f9": "A B cell identifies pathogens when antibodies on its surface bind to a specific foreign antigen.", + "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fa": "proteolysis", + "5729f69caf94a219006aa6fb": "lymphokines", + "5729f799af94a219006aa707": "memory cells", + "5729f799af94a219006aa708": "Immunological memory", + "5729f799af94a219006aa709": "B cells and T cells are activated and begin to replicate, some of their offspring become long-lived memory cells.", + "5729f799af94a219006aa70a": "each specific pathogen", + "5729f8516aef05140015516c": "microbes", + "5729f8516aef05140015516d": "IgG", + "5729f8516aef05140015516e": "passive immunity is usually short-term, lasting from a few days up to several months. In medicine, protective passive immunity", + "5729f8516aef05140015516f": "protective passive immunity", + "5729f9953f37b3190047861f": "immunomodulators", + "5729f9953f37b31900478620": "adaptive and innate immune responses", + "5729f9953f37b31900478621": "lupus erythematosus", + "5729f9953f37b31900478622": "the sensitivity of the immune system. For example, female sex hormones are known immunostimulators of both adaptive and innate immune responses", + "5729fa40af94a219006aa70f": "NFIL3", + "5729fa40af94a219006aa710": "heart disease", + "5729fa40af94a219006aa711": "sleep deprivation", + "5729fb003f37b31900478627": "hormone levels", + "5729fb003f37b31900478628": "vitamin D", + "5729fb003f37b31900478629": "thyroid hormone activity", + "5729fb003f37b3190047862a": "cholecalciferol", + "5729fc3d1d0469140077969d": "the immune system", + "5729fc3d1d0469140077969e": "MHC class I molecules", + "5729fc3d1d0469140077969f": "viral antigens", + "5729fc3d1d046914007796a0": "antibodies", + "5729fd111d046914007796a5": "phagocytic cells", + "5729fd111d046914007796a6": "PAMPs", + "5729fd111d046914007796a7": "apoptosis", + "5729fd111d046914007796a8": "Systemic acquired resistance", + "5729fd111d046914007796a9": "RNA silencing mechanisms", + "5729fe5c3f37b3190047862f": "autoimmune disorders", + "5729fe5c3f37b31900478630": "self and non-self, and attacks part of the body.", + "5729fe5c3f37b31900478631": "the thymus and bone marrow", + "5729fe5c3f37b31900478632": "self antigens", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa739": "immunodeficiency and a high susceptibility to infection.", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73a": "the young and the elderly", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73b": "50 years of age due to immunosenescence", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73c": "immunosenescence", + "5729fefbaf94a219006aa73d": "malnutrition", + "5729ffda1d046914007796af": "vaccination", + "5729ffda1d046914007796b0": "immunization", + "5729ffda1d046914007796b1": "an antigen", + "5729ffda1d046914007796b2": "the natural specificity of the immune system", + "572a019f3f37b31900478643": "enzymes", + "572a019f3f37b31900478644": "a type III secretion system", + "572a019f3f37b31900478645": "shut down host defenses", + "572a019f3f37b31900478646": "infect a host", + "572a02483f37b3190047864b": "Frank Burnet", + "572a02483f37b3190047864c": "pathogens, an allograft) trigger a destructive immune response.", + "572a02483f37b3190047864d": "histocompatibility", + "572a02483f37b3190047864e": "Niels Jerne", + "572a03086aef0514001551a2": "Glucocorticoids", + "572a03086aef0514001551a3": "cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs", + "572a03086aef0514001551a4": "methotrexate", + "572a03086aef0514001551a5": "cyclosporin", + "572a04d51d046914007796cd": "natural killer cells and CTLs (cytotoxic T lymphocytes)", + "572a04d51d046914007796ce": "cortisol and catecholamines, peak.", + "572a04d51d046914007796cf": "melatonin", + "572a04d51d046914007796d0": "free radical", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa751": "a vitamin D receptor", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa752": "the steroid hormone calcitriol. T-cells have a symbiotic relationship with vitamin D.", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa753": "a symbiotic", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa754": "CYP27B1", + "572a058aaf94a219006aa755": "dendritic cells, keratinocytes and macrophages.", + "572a06af3f37b31900478667": "Pattern recognition receptors", + "572a06af3f37b31900478668": "defensins", + "572a06af3f37b31900478669": "Pattern recognition receptors are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens.", + "572a06af3f37b3190047866a": "Ribonucleases and the RNA interference pathway", + "572a07fc6aef0514001551dc": "antigen receptors of jawed vertebrates, are produced from only a small number (one or two)", + "572a07fc6aef0514001551dd": "one or two)", + "572a07fc6aef0514001551de": "Variable lymphocyte receptors", + "572a07fc6aef0514001551df": "the adaptive immune system", + "572a096e6aef0514001551e4": "lymphocytes or an antibody-based humoral response. Many species,", + "572a096e6aef0514001551e5": "the restriction modification system", + "572a096e6aef0514001551e6": "bacteriophages", + "572a096e6aef0514001551e7": "acquired immunity", + "572a0a686aef0514001551ec": "the cellular theory of immunity", + "572a0a686aef0514001551ed": "Elie Metchnikoff", + "572a0a686aef0514001551ee": "phagocytes", + "572a0a686aef0514001551ef": "Robert Koch and Emil von Behring", + "572a0a686aef0514001551f0": "Robert Koch and Emil von Behring, stated that the active immune agents were soluble components (molecules)", + "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f6": "cancers", + "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f7": "MHC class I molecules", + "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f8": "the cytokine", + "572a0b0b6aef0514001551f9": "macrophages and lymphocytes", + "572a0bf96aef051400155204": "Hypersensitivity", + "572a0bf96aef051400155205": "four classes (Type I \u2013", + "572a0bf96aef051400155206": "Type I \u2013", + "572a0bf96aef051400155207": "IgE", + "572a0bf96aef051400155208": "autoimmune and infectious diseases, but may also involve contact dermatitis (poison ivy)", + "572a0ce11d046914007796fd": "intracellular pathogenesis", + "572a0ce11d046914007796fe": "Salmonella", + "572a0ce11d046914007796ff": "Plasmodium falciparum", + "572a0ce11d04691400779700": "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", + "572a0ce11d04691400779701": "protein A", + "572a0e4b6aef051400155214": "antigenic variation", + "572a0e4b6aef051400155215": "HIV, which mutates rapidly, so the proteins on its viral envelope that are essential for entry into its host target cell are constantly changing.", + "572a0e4b6aef051400155216": "Trypanosoma brucei", + "572a0e4b6aef051400155217": "the adaptive immune system are more complicated.", + "572a0f073f37b3190047867f": "immune surveillance", + "572a0f073f37b31900478680": "human papillomavirus", + "572a0f073f37b31900478681": "an enzyme called tyrosinase", + "572a0f073f37b31900478682": "melanomas", + "572a0f073f37b31900478683": "melanomas. A third possible source of tumor antigens are proteins normally important for regulating cell growth and survival,", + "572a10cd6aef051400155222": "6000 Da)", + "572a10cd6aef051400155223": "hydrophilic amino acids", + "572a10cd6aef051400155224": "Immunoproteomics", + "572a10cd6aef051400155225": "B cells", + "572a10cd6aef051400155226": "immunoinformatics", + "572a12386aef051400155234": "-alpha and IFN-gamma. These cytokines then stimulate immune functions such as immune cells activation, proliferation,", + "572a12386aef051400155235": "APCs", + "572a12386aef051400155236": "one that supports Th1, an increase in overall Th cell proliferation, and na\u00ef", + "572a12386aef051400155237": "Th1 immune responses", + "572a142e3f37b319004786b9": "complement proteins initially bind to the microbe, they activate their protease activity, which in turn activates other complement proteases,", + "572a142e3f37b319004786bc": "a rapid killing response", + "572a142e3f37b319004786ba": "signal amplification", + "572a142e3f37b319004786bb": "a rapid killing response", + "57271c235951b619008f860b": "Civil disobedience", + "57271c235951b619008f860c": "apartheid", + "57271c235951b619008f860d": "the Singing Revolution", + "57271c235951b619008f860e": "Ukraine", + "57271c235951b619008f860f": "Georgia", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dff9f": "Egyptians", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa0": "the British Empire", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa1": "one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws.", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa2": "unfair laws", + "5728d4c03acd2414000dffa3": "the American Civil Rights Movement", + "57271f125951b619008f8635": "Antigone", + "57271f125951b619008f8636": "Creon", + "57271f125951b619008f8637": "Creon", + "57271f125951b619008f8638": "Creon", + "57271f125951b619008f8639": "civil disobedience", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb3": "Sophocles", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb4": "Sophocles", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb5": "Creon", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb6": "civil disobedience", + "5728d5793acd2414000dffb7": "Sophocles", + "5727213c708984140094da35": "Percy Shelley", + "5727213c708984140094da36": "The Mask of Anarchy", + "5727213c708984140094da38": "Satyagraha", + "5727213c708984140094da39": "a free India", + "5727213c708984140094da37": "Percy Shelley", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f18": "Percy Shelley", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f19": "unjust forms of authority", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1a": "the principle of nonviolent protest", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1c": "the principle of nonviolent protest. A version was taken up by the author Henry David Thoreau in his essay Civil Disobedience,", + "5728d63c4b864d1900164f1b": "Percy Shelley", + "572726c9708984140094da7b": "Marshall Cohen notes, \"It has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official.", + "572726c9708984140094da7e": "Marshall Cohen", + "572726c9708984140094da7c": "ambiguity", + "572726c9708984140094da7d": "utterly debased", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da90e": "Marshall Cohen", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da90f": "Marshall Cohen", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da910": "Vice President Agnew", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da911": "Vice President Agnew", + "5728d6f02ca10214002da912": "Marshall Cohen notes, \"It has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official.", + "572807802ca10214002d9bf8": "LeGrande", + "572807802ca10214002d9bf9": "LeGrande", + "572807802ca10214002d9bfa": ") meaning than the individual orator intends it to have.", + "572807802ca10214002d9bfb": "semantical problems and grammatical niceties. Like Alice in Wonderland, he often finds that specific terminology", + "572807802ca10214002d9bfc": "semantical problems and grammatical niceties. Like Alice in Wonderland, he often finds that specific terminology has no more (or no less) meaning", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4c": "LeGrande", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4d": "LeGrande writes that \"the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible.", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4e": "terminology", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f4f": "lawful protest demonstration, nonviolent civil disobedience, and violent civil disobedience.", + "5728d7c54b864d1900164f50": "violent civil disobedience", + "57280f974b864d1900164370": "civil disobedience", + "57280f974b864d1900164371": ",", + "57280f974b864d1900164372": "relation to the state and its laws", + "57280f974b864d1900164373": "civil disobedience", + "57280f974b864d1900164374": "civil disobedience", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001b": "a constitutional impasse in which two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government, conflict.", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001c": "a constitutional impasse", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001d": "a citizen's relation to the state and its laws,", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001e": ",", + "5728d9403acd2414000e001f": "a citizen's relation to the state and its laws,", + "572812e74b864d19001643ce": "this definition is disputed by Thoreau's political philosophy pitching the conscience vs. the collective. The individual is the final judge of right and wrong.", + "572812e74b864d19001643cf": "imprisonment, when a confused taxman had wondered aloud about how to handle his refusal to pay, Thoreau had advised, \u201cResign.\u201d", + "572812e74b864d19001643d0": "the voice of the people", + "572812e74b864d19001643d1": "his refusal to pay", + "572812e74b864d19001643d2": "the individual", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e005d": "the individual", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e005e": "the individual", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e005f": "Thoreau", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e0060": "Resign", + "5728dafe3acd2414000e0061": "the voice of the people", + "5728151b4b864d1900164428": "governmental entities", + "5728151b4b864d1900164429": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\".", + "5728151b4b864d190016442a": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\".", + "5728151b4b864d190016442b": "breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0080": "Brownlee", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0081": "the legal system", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e007f": "Brownlee", + "5728dc2d3acd2414000e0083": "the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\".", + "572818f54b864d190016446c": "public civil disobedience", + "572818f54b864d190016446d": "covert lawbreaking", + "572818f54b864d190016446e": "lawbreaking", + "572818f54b864d190016446f": "the Book of Exodus", + "572818f54b864d1900164470": "Shiphrah and Puah", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d2": "Stephen Eilmann", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d3": "rules that conflict with morality", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d4": "Stephen Eilmann", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d5": "Stephen Eilmann", + "5728dddc2ca10214002da9d6": "the Book of Exodus", + "57281c594b864d19001644a2": "carefully chosen and legitimate means,", + "57281c594b864d19001644a3": "Christian Bay", + "57281c594b864d19001644a4": "civil disobedience and civil rebellion are justified by appeal to constitutional defects", + "57281c594b864d19001644a5": "tolerance", + "57281c594b864d19001644a6": "civil disobedience and civil rebellion", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe2": "civil disobedience and civil rebellion", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe3": "civil disobedients", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe4": "civil disobedience", + "5728df634b864d1900164fe6": "constitutional defects", + "5728202c4b864d19001644ec": "revolutionary civil disobedience", + "5728202c4b864d19001644ed": "the Hungarians", + "5728202c4b864d19001644ee": "Ferenc De\u00e1k", + "5728202c4b864d19001644ef": "Gandhi", + "5728202c4b864d19001644f0": "a principle of civil disobedience.", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00e9": "individual conscience", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ea": "a principle of civil disobedience.", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00eb": "a principle of civil disobedience.", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ec": "revolutionary civil disobedience", + "5728e07e3acd2414000e00ed": "Gandhi", + "572822233acd2414000df555": "the Roman Empire", + "572822233acd2414000df556": "collective civil disobedience", + "572822233acd2414000df557": "solitary civil disobedience", + "572822233acd2414000df558": "political office", + "572822233acd2414000df559": "after the end of the Mexican War", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0131": "the Roman Empire", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0132": "collective civil disobedience", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0133": "jail solidarity", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0134": "a form of jail solidarity", + "5728e3c33acd2414000e0135": "weeks and months", + "572825a92ca10214002d9efe": "illegal acts", + "572825a92ca10214002d9eff": "a propaganda purpose", + "572825a92ca10214002d9f00": "Voice in the Wilderness", + "572825a92ca10214002d9f01": "738 days", + "572825a92ca10214002d9f02": "Julia Butterfly Hill", + "5728e5224b864d1900165032": "illegal acts", + "5728e5224b864d1900165033": "the name of civil disobedience, which,", + "5728e5224b864d1900165034": "civil disobedience", + "5728e5224b864d1900165035": "civil disobedience", + "5728e5224b864d1900165036": "Julia Butterfly Hill", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5cd": "civil disobedience", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5ce": "Wise up or die", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5cf": "criminalized", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5d0": "civil disobedience", + "5728284e3acd2414000df5d1": "1978", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0171": "civil disobedience", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0172": "civil disobedience", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0173": "civil disobedience", + "5728e5f43acd2414000e0174": "defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies.", + "57282dfb4b864d1900164668": "a system to function", + "57282dfb4b864d1900164669": "padlocking the gates", + "57282dfb4b864d190016466a": "padlocking the gates and using sickles to deflate one of the large domes covering two satellite dishes.", + "57282dfb4b864d190016466b": "limited coercion", + "57282dfb4b864d190016466c": "civil disobedience", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da914": "civil disobedience", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da916": "their use of coercion", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da917": "moral dialogue", + "5728e715ff5b5019007da918": "civil disobedience", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6c": "criminal investigations and arrests arise also in civil disobedience cases.", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6d": "the legal ramifications,", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6e": "a fear of seeming rude", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa6f": "the legal ramifications", + "5728e8212ca10214002daa70": "the legal community", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c5": "the validity of the social contract, which is held to bind all to obey the laws that a government meeting certain standards of legitimacy has established,", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c6": "their belief in the validity of the social contract,", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c7": "the existence of government still don't believe in the legitimacy of their particular government,", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c8": "anarchists, don't believe in the legitimacy of any government,", + "5728eb1a3acd2414000e01c9": "their belief in the validity of the social contract", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01d9": "whether or not to plead guilty", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01da": "whether or not to plead guilty", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01db": "whether or not to plead guilty.", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dc": "whether or not to plead guilty", + "5728ebcb3acd2414000e01dd": "a plea of not guilty", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650aa": "Camp Mercury", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ab": "Francis Heisler", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ac": "Francis Heisler", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ad": "Francis Heisler", + "5728ec6a4b864d19001650ae": "suspended sentences", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97c": "Howard Zinn", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97d": "the spirit of protest", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97e": "the spirit of protest", + "5728ed94ff5b5019007da97f": "the spirit of protest", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab0": "a plea bargain", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab1": "pleading guilty without any plea agreement", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab2": "a plea bargain", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab3": "a plea bargain", + "5728eef92ca10214002daab4": "Mohandas Gandhi", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e55": "allocution", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e56": "allocution", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e57": "a lack of remorse", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e58": "allocution", + "5728f50baf94a219006a9e59": "allocution", + "5728facd4b864d1900165170": "a political defense", + "5728facd4b864d1900165171": "a political defense", + "5728facd4b864d1900165172": "a technical defense", + "5728facd4b864d1900165173": "the Vietnam War", + "5728facd4b864d1900165174": "a technical defense", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef5": "punishment", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef6": "conscientious lawbreakers", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef7": "Michael Bayles argues that if a person violates a law in order to create a test case as to the constitutionality of a law,", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef8": "conscientious lawbreakers", + "5728fb6a1d04691400778ef9": "civil disobedience", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f11": "civil disobedience", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f12": "direct civil disobedience", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f13": "the Vietnam War", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f14": "the political necessity defense", + "5728fc9e1d04691400778f15": "admonitions not to", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2b": "incapacitation and deterrence", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2d": "incapacitation and deterrence", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2e": "Brownlee", + "5728fd3c3f37b31900477f2f": "incapacitation and deterrence", + "57273a465951b619008f86ff": "construction", + "57273a465951b619008f8700": "manufacturing", + "57273a465951b619008f8701": "six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries. Construction starts with planning,[citation needed] design,", + "57273a465951b619008f8702": "financing and continues until the project is built and ready for use.", + "57273a465951b619008f8703": "a known client", + "57273cca708984140094db33": "An architect normally manages the job, and a construction manager", + "57273cca708984140094db34": "a construction manager", + "57273cca708984140094db35": "effective planning", + "57273cca708984140094db36": "megaprojects", + "57273cca708984140094db37": ".", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4fe": "infrastructure and industrial. Building construction is usually further divided into residential and non-residential (commercial/institutional)", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f4ff": "residential and non-residential (commercial/institutional). Infrastructure is often called heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering.", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f500": "heavy civil or heavy engineering.", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f501": "infrastructure and industrial. Building construction is usually further divided into residential and non-residential (commercial/institutional)", + "57273d8bf1498d1400e8f502": "industry into sectors or markets.", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a02": "a trade magazine for the construction industry. Each year, ENR compiles and reports on data about the size of design and construction companies", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a03": "a trade magazine for the construction industry. Each year, ENR compiles and reports on data about the size of design and construction companies.", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a04": "2014", + "57273e50dd62a815002e9a05": "nine market segments", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0a": "The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction.", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0b": ") and construction managers (firms engaged in managing construction projects without assuming direct financial responsibility for completion of the construction project)", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0c": "The Standard Industrial Classification", + "57273f27dd62a815002e9a0d": "construction service firms", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a12": "Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property or construction of buildings.", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a13": "small renovations", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a14": "the owner of the property", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a15": "structural collapse", + "57274046dd62a815002e9a16": "detailed plans and maintain careful oversight during the project", + "572742bd5951b619008f8785": "local building authority regulations and codes of practice", + "572742bd5951b619008f8786": "local building authority regulations and codes of practice", + "572742bd5951b619008f8787": "a lot of waste", + "572742bd5951b619008f8788": ", versus timber)", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f588": "3D printing technology", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f589": "20 hours", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f58a": "2014", + "572744aff1498d1400e8f58b": "2 metres", + "572745c6708984140094db9a": "design", + "572745c6708984140094db99": "designs into reality", + "572745c6708984140094db9b": "the property owner", + "572745c6708984140094db9c": "a quantity surveyor", + "572745c6708984140094db9d": "the most cost efficient bidder", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe5": "previously separated specialties", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe6": "entirely separate companies", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe7": "one-stop shopping\"", + "57274e0d708984140094dbe8": "design build", + "57274e975951b619008f87f9": "design and construction.", + "57274e975951b619008f87fa": ".", + "57274e975951b619008f87fb": "integration", + "57274f67708984140094dbf5": "financial problems", + "57274f67708984140094dbf6": "financial problems", + "57274f67708984140094dbf7": "a matter of having sufficient funds at a specific time, can arise even when the overall total is enough. Fraud is a problem in many fields,", + "57274f67708984140094dbf8": "preventable financial problems", + "5727502f708984140094dc07": "Mortgage bankers, accountants,", + "5727502f708984140094dc08": "the mortgage banker", + "5727502f708984140094dc09": "accountants", + "5727502f708984140094dc0b": "change orders or project changes", + "5727502f708984140094dc0a": "Cost engineers and estimators", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af0": "zoning and building code requirements", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af1": "the owner", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af2": "the desire to prevent things that are indisputably bad \u2013 bridge collapses or explosions.", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af3": "things that are a matter of custom or expectation", + "572750e8dd62a815002e9af4": "An attorney", + "572751b4708984140094dc1b": "A construction project", + "572751b4708984140094dc1c": "A contract is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties,", + "572751b4708984140094dc1d": "a delay", + "572751b4708984140094dc1e": "each side is capable of performing the obligations set out", + "572751b4708984140094dc1f": "poorly drafted contracts", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0e": "relationship contracting", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b0f": "partnering", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b10": "partnering", + "5727526cdd62a815002e9b11": "New forms include partnering such as Public-Private Partnering (PPPs) aka private finance initiatives (PFIs)", + "572753335951b619008f8853": "the architect or engineer", + "572753335951b619008f8854": "as the project coordinator", + "572753335951b619008f8855": "the architect or engineer", + "572753335951b619008f8856": "the architect or engineer", + "572753335951b619008f8857": "the building is ready to occupy", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b30": "the owner", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b31": "several contractors", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b32": "the owner", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b33": "a consortium of several contractors", + "57275411dd62a815002e9b34": "they design phase 2", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f660": "contractors", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f661": "damage", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f662": "utility lines", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f663": "the municipal building inspector", + "572754fff1498d1400e8f664": "an occupancy permit", + "572755b7708984140094dc4d": "the Census Bureau", + "572755b7708984140094dc4e": "680 billion is private (split evenly between residential and nonresidential) and the remainder is government.", + "572755b7708984140094dc4f": "1 million contractors", + "572755b7708984140094dc50": "10 employees", + "572755b7708984140094dc51": "approximately 828", + "5727565ef1498d1400e8f674": "\u00a342,090, compared to \u00a32", + "5727565ef1498d1400e8f675": "job types and levels of experience, is \u00a342,090, compared to \u00a326,719 in the UK.", + "5727565ef1498d1400e8f676": "construction workers in the US/Canada have made more than $100,000 annually,", + "572756fe708984140094dc71": "occupational injuries in the construction industry. Other major causes of fatalities in the construction industry include electrocution, transportation accidents, and trench cave-ins.", + "572756fe708984140094dc72": "occupational injury", + "572756fe708984140094dc73": "occupational injuries in the construction industry. Other major causes of fatalities in the construction industry include electrocution, transportation accidents, and trench cave-ins.", + "572756fe708984140094dc74": "safety equipment", + "572746addd62a815002e9a5e": "independent schools", + "572746addd62a815002e9a5f": "academic scholarship), financial need,", + "572746addd62a815002e9a60": "tuition", + "572746addd62a815002e9a61": "the right to select their students", + "57274712708984140094dbad": "tuition fees", + "57274712708984140094dbae": "tuition fees", + "57274712708984140094dbaf": ".", + "57274712708984140094dbb0": "North America", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59a": "lower sixth", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59b": "upper sixth", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59c": "prep schools", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59d": "peer tuition", + "5727478cf1498d1400e8f59e": "teachers", + "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a4": "Roman Catholic schools", + "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a5": "Roman Catholic schools. Other religious groups represented in the K-12 private education sector include Protestants, Jews, Muslims and the Orthodox Christians.", + "5727482bf1498d1400e8f5a6": "religious education", + "5727490bdd62a815002e9a82": "stricter discipline based on their power of expulsion", + "5727490bdd62a815002e9a83": "a compulsory blazer", + "5727490bdd62a815002e9a84": ".), higher-paid teachers; and/or the belief that private schools offer a higher quality of education.", + "57274971708984140094dbbb": "independent schools", + "57274971708984140094dbbc": "the Anglican Church, Uniting Church and Presbyterian Church, but in most cases, they do not insist on their students\u2019 religious allegiance.", + "57274971708984140094dbbd": "Sydney", + "57274971708984140094dbbe": "-", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9a": "Article 7", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9b": "Gleichschaltung", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9c": ". It is also not possible to abolish these rights.", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9d": "11.1%.", + "57274a1edd62a815002e9a9e": ".", + "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bc": "Sonderungsverbot", + "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5bd": "Ersatzschulen have very low tuition fees and/", + "57274a8ff1498d1400e8f5be": "very low tuition fees", + "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d4": "Erg\u00e4nzungsschulen", + "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d5": "Erg\u00e4", + "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d6": "tuition fees", + "57274b35f1498d1400e8f5d7": "religious groups", + "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e4": "an unaided independent school", + "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e5": "the CBSE", + "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e6": "30", + "57274beff1498d1400e8f5e7": "the union government and the state governments", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa4": "trusts and societies", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa5": "India", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa6": "The Annual Status of Education Report", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa7": "poorer academic achievement in government schools than in private schools.", + "57274ca8dd62a815002e9aa8": "English", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aae": "scoil phr\u00edo", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9aaf": "school fees", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab0": "school fees", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab1": "the Society of Jesus", + "57274d1cdd62a815002e9ab2": "school fees, which tend to be relatively low in Ireland compared to the rest of the world. There is,", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f6": "1957", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f7": "Chinese as the medium of instruction", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f8": "Chinese as the medium of instruction", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5f9": "National Type schools", + "57274d9bf1498d1400e8f5fa": "Over 60 schools", + "57274e145951b619008f87e7": "private schools,", + "57274e145951b619008f87e8": "standard and the quality of education", + "57274e145951b619008f87e9": "Kathmandu", + "57274e145951b619008f87ea": "English", + "57274e145951b619008f87eb": "Nepali", + "57274eca5951b619008f87ff": "88", + "57274eca5951b619008f8800": "88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.", + "57274eca5951b619008f8801": "88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.", + "57274eca5951b619008f8802": "Catholic", + "57274eca5951b619008f8803": "Auckland", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61e": "Anglican", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f61f": "in Wellington", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f620": "Presbyterian", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f621": "Christchurch", + "57274f49f1498d1400e8f622": "the Society of St Pius X", + "5727500f708984140094dbfd": "7", + "5727500f708984140094dbfe": ".5% of primary enrollment, 32% of secondary enrollment and about 80% of tertiary enrollment", + "5727500f708984140094dbff": "about 80", + "5727500f708984140094dc00": "August 1992", + "5727500f708984140094dc01": "natural science", + "572750df5951b619008f882f": "The Education Service Contracting scheme", + "572750df5951b619008f8830": "The Tuition Fee Supplement", + "572750df5951b619008f8831": "Private Education Student Financial Assistance", + "5727515f708984140094dc11": "two categories of schools: \"public\" (state-controlled) and \"independent\"", + "5727515f708984140094dc12": "1996", + "5727515f708984140094dc13": "private schools", + "5727515f708984140094dc14": "traditional private schools", + "5727515f708984140094dc15": "the early nineteenth century", + "57275409708984140094dc35": "government schools formerly reserved for white children", + "57275409708984140094dc36": "compulsory school fees,", + "57275409708984140094dc37": "compulsory school fees", + "572754dd708984140094dc3b": ")", + "572754dd708984140094dc3c": ". For instance, the biggest school chain, Kunskapsskolan (\u201cThe Knowledge School\u201d", + "572754dd708984140094dc3d": "700 employees", + "572754dd708984140094dc3e": "The Knowledge School", + "572754dd708984140094dc3f": "school voucher model", + "572756265951b619008f886d": "13 years old", + "572756265951b619008f886e": "Private schools generally prefer to be called independent schools, because of their freedom to operate outside of government and local government control.", + "572756265951b619008f886f": "9 per cent", + "572756265951b619008f8870": "13 per cent", + "572756265951b619008f8871": ".", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f690": "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f691": "segregation academies", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f692": "Mississippi). The academic content of the academies was usually College Preparatory.", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f693": "white students", + "572757bef1498d1400e8f694": "white students migrated to the academies,", + "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6ae": "Government funding for religious schools is either subject to restrictions or possibly forbidden,", + "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6af": "the First Amendment", + "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b0": "the First Amendment or individual state Blaine Amendments", + "572758e0f1498d1400e8f6b1": "charter status", + "572759665951b619008f8883": "Massachusetts", + "572759665951b619008f8884": "1852", + "572759665951b619008f8885": "1972", + "572759665951b619008f8886": "Supreme Court case law on this is as follows: Runyon v. McCrary, 427 U.S. 160 (1976)", + "572759665951b619008f8887": "McCrary", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b94": "substantial tuition", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b95": "substantial tuition", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b96": "the Groton School", + "572759dbdd62a815002e9b97": "operating expenses", + "5727aa413acd2414000de921": "John Harvard", + "5727aa413acd2414000de922": "1977", + "5727aa413acd2414000de923": "James Bryant Conant", + "5727aa413acd2414000de924": "the Association of American Universities", + "5727aa413acd2414000de925": "Charles W. Eliot's long tenure (1869\u2013", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de987": "the Harvard Library", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de988": "79", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de989": "18 million volumes", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de98a": "eight", + "5727aeac3acd2414000de98b": "150", + "5727aec03acd2414000de991": "Boston", + "5727aec03acd2414000de992": "the largest of any academic institution", + "5727aec03acd2414000de993": "the Charles River", + "5727aec03acd2414000de994": "eleven separate academic units\u2014", + "5727aec03acd2414000de995": "Harvard Yard", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c2": "1636", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c3": "the Great and General Court", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c4": "1638", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c5": "1639", + "5727afa82ca10214002d93c6": "1650", + "5727b0892ca10214002d93e8": "Puritan ministers", + "5727b0892ca10214002d93e9": "the English university model", + "5727b0892ca10214002d93ea": "Puritan", + "5727b8df3acd2414000dea99": "1804", + "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9a": "Samuel Webber", + "5727b8df3acd2414000dea9b": "1805", + "5727c0402ca10214002d9564": "Louis Agassiz", + "5727c0402ca10214002d9565": "intuition", + "5727c0402ca10214002d9566": "Thomas Reid and Dugald Stewart", + "5727c3b02ca10214002d95ba": "Charles W", + "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bb": "Transcendentalist Unitarian convictions", + "5727c3b02ca10214002d95bc": "William Ellery Channing and Ralph Waldo Emerson", + "5727c55bff5b5019007d94ce": "James Bryant Conant", + "5727c55bff5b5019007d94cf": "James Bryant Conant", + "5727c55bff5b5019007d94d0": "1945", + "5727c69d3acd2414000dec13": "-", + "5727c69d3acd2414000dec14": "1977", + "5727c69d3acd2414000dec15": "Harvard and Radcliffe admissions", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec49": "the Charles River", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec4a": "twelve residential Houses", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec4b": "the Charles River", + "5727c8863acd2414000dec4c": "the Quadrangle", + "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9576": "Harvard Stadium, are located on a 358-acre (145 ha) campus opposite the Cambridge campus in Allston", + "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9577": "John W. Weeks Bridge is a pedestrian bridge over the Charles River connecting both campuses. The Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Dental Medicine,", + "5727cc15ff5b5019007d9578": "the Longwood Medical and Academic Area", + "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d72": "approximately fifty percent", + "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d73": "a shuttle service and/or a tram. Plans also call for sinking part of Storrow Drive (at Harvard's expense)", + "5727cd0f4b864d1900163d74": "enhanced transit infrastructure, possible shuttles open to the public, and park space which will also be publicly accessible.", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f0": "2", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f1": "the student body", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f2": "14", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f3": "1875", + "5727cebc2ca10214002d96f4": "1875", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c4": "32 billion", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c5": "budget cuts.", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c6": "Allston Science Complex", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c7": "a Pell Grant reserve of $4.093 million available for disbursement.", + "5727cff1ff5b5019007d95c8": "159 million for students,", + "5727d0f73acd2414000ded13": "the late 1980s", + "5727d0f73acd2414000ded14": "Duke", + "5727d0f73acd2414000ded15": "230 million", + "5727d1c93acd2414000ded3f": "a record low", + "5727d1c93acd2414000ded40": "2007", + "5727d1c93acd2414000ded41": "2007", + "5727d1c93acd2414000ded42": "the class of 2016", + "5727d3843acd2414000ded69": "a core curriculum of seven", + "5727d3843acd2414000ded6a": "eight", + "5727d3843acd2414000ded6b": "The New York Times", + "5727d4922ca10214002d977c": "a semester calendar", + "5727d4922ca10214002d977d": "four half-courses per term and must maintain a four-course rate average to be considered full-time.", + "5727d4922ca10214002d977e": "degrees summa cum laude", + "5727d4922ca10214002d977f": "60", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e34": "annual tuition", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e35": "annual tuition", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e36": "tuition", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e37": "414 million", + "5727d6154b864d1900163e38": "tuition", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969a": "Widener Library", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969c": "Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three of the most popular libraries for undergraduates to use,", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969d": "Pusey Library", + "5727d6faff5b5019007d969b": "18 million volumes", + "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5e": "three museums", + "5727d88b4b864d1900163e5f": "Western art", + "5727d88b4b864d1900163e60": "the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology", + "5727d9c43acd2414000dee17": "2003", + "5727d9c43acd2414000dee18": "2011", + "5727d9c43acd2414000dee19": "for students and parents", + "5727da564b864d1900163e8e": "competition in the world.", + "5727da564b864d1900163e8f": "Yale University", + "5727da564b864d1900163e90": "every two years", + "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fc": "1903", + "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fd": "1903", + "5727db85ff5b5019007d96fe": "1906", + "5727db85ff5b5019007d96ff": "the Yale football team", + "5727dc473acd2414000dee43": "The Malkin Athletic Center", + "5727dc473acd2414000dee44": "The Malkin Athletic Center", + "5727dc473acd2414000dee45": "building", + "5727dd2e4b864d1900163eba": "23 years", + "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebb": "the Thames River", + "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebc": "Cornell", + "5727dd2e4b864d1900163ebd": "2003", + "5727de862ca10214002d9860": "John Hancock", + "5727de862ca10214002d9861": "Barack Obama", + "5727de862ca10214002d9862": "Figueres", + "5727de862ca10214002d9863": "Benjamin Netanyahu", + "5727e0474b864d1900163f08": "Conan O'Brien; actors Tatyana Ali, Nestor Carbonell, Matt Damon, Fred Gwynne, Hill Harper,", + "5727e0474b864d1900163f09": "Leonard Bernstein", + "5727e0474b864d1900163f0a": "Yo Yo Ma", + "5727e0474b864d1900163f0b": "Henry David Thoreau; authors Ralph Waldo Emerson and William S. Burroughs; educators Werner Baer,", + "5727e21e4b864d1900163f34": "Michael Sandel", + "5727e21e4b864d1900163f35": "Alan Dershowitz and Lawrence Lessig", + "5727e21e4b864d1900163f36": "Stephen Greenblatt", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954a": "Jacksonville", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954b": "an estimated population of 853,382 in 2014, it is the most populous city proper in Florida and the Southeast,", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954c": "the 12th most populous", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954d": "Duval County", + "5727c94bff5b5019007d954e": "1968", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9676": "Andrew Jackson, the first military governor of the Florida Territory and seventh President of the United States.", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9677": "340 miles", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9678": "Fort Caroline", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d9679": "the Timucua people", + "5727cb4b2ca10214002d967a": "Andrew Jackson", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958e": "two United States Navy bases and the Port of Jacksonville, Florida's third largest seaport.", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d958f": "golf", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9590": "two United States Navy bases and the Port of Jacksonville, Florida's third largest seaport.", + "5727cd7dff5b5019007d9591": "Jacksonvillians", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bec": "thousands of years", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bed": "a University of North Florida team", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bee": "the Mocama", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bef": "the historical era", + "57280e1aff5b5019007d9bf0": "Ossachite", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c26": "Jean Ribault", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c27": "France", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c28": "Pedro Men\u00e9ndez de Avil", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c29": "San Mateo", + "57280fd3ff5b5019007d9c2a": "Fort Caroline", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d06": "the French and Indian War", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d07": "the settlement at the Cow Ford", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d08": "the Cow Ford", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d09": "the British", + "572810ec2ca10214002d9d0a": "1832", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c76": "the Confederate cause", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c77": "The Skirmish of the Brick Church", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c78": "the Battle of Olustee", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c79": "the American Civil War", + "5728128cff5b5019007d9c7a": "March 1864", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbc": "Reconstruction and the Gilded Age", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbd": "Grover Cleveland", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbe": "yellow fever", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cbf": "the Florida East Coast Railway", + "572815d9ff5b5019007d9cc0": "the Florida East Coast Railway", + "5728170d3acd2414000df443": "a kitchen fire", + "5728170d3acd2414000df444": "146 city blocks", + "5728170d3acd2414000df445": "martial law", + "5728170d3acd2414000df446": "Great Fire of 1901", + "57281940ff5b5019007d9d44": "filmmakers", + "57281940ff5b5019007d9d45": "silent film", + "57281940ff5b5019007d9d46": "Winter Film Capital of the World", + "57281940ff5b5019007d9d47": "the emergence of Hollywood", + "57281ab63acd2414000df493": "white flight", + "57281ab63acd2414000df494": ".8% in 1970 to 55.1% by 2010.", + "57281ab63acd2414000df495": "white flight", + "57281ab63acd2414000df496": "the government of the city of Jacksonville", + "57281ab63acd2414000df497": "World War II. The construction of highways led residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs. After World War II", + "57281bb84b864d190016449a": "annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965.", + "57281bb84b864d190016449b": ". In addition, residents in unincorporated suburbs had difficulty obtaining municipal services,", + "57281bb84b864d190016449c": "annexation", + "57281bb84b864d190016449d": "six referendums between 1960 and 1965.", + "57281d494b864d19001644be": "the traditional old boy network", + "57281d494b864d19001644bf": "11", + "57281d494b864d19001644c0": "Jacksonville Consolidation", + "57281d494b864d19001644c1": "Jacksonville Consolidation", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4eb": "consolidation", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4ec": "Hans Tanzler", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4ed": "the Consolidated City of Jacksonville. Fire, police, health & welfare, recreation, public works,", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4ee": "The Better Jacksonville Plan", + "57281edd3acd2414000df4ef": "sales tax", + "572820512ca10214002d9e72": ")", + "572820512ca10214002d9e73": "the Atlantic Ocean lies to the east, along with the Jacksonville Beaches. The St. Johns River divides the city. The Trout River", + "572820512ca10214002d9e74": "The Trout River", + "572820512ca10214002d9e75": "land and ; 13.34% (116.7 sq mi or 302 km2)", + "572820512ca10214002d9e76": "Baldwin", + "572821274b864d1900164510": "height", + "572821274b864d1900164511": "the Barnett Center", + "572821274b864d1900164512": "42 floors", + "572821274b864d1900164513": "28", + "572821274b864d1900164514": "its distinctive flared base", + "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc4": "a humid subtropical climate", + "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc5": "May through September", + "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc6": "mild and sunny", + "5728223cff5b5019007d9dc7": "low latitude", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9dde": "the summer months", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9ddf": "thunderstorms", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9de0": "extremely high humidity", + "57282358ff5b5019007d9de1": "July", + "572824f13acd2414000df58f": "Hurricane Dora", + "572824f13acd2414000df590": "Hurricane Dora", + "572824f13acd2414000df591": "Tropical Storm Beryl", + "572824f13acd2414000df592": "the Saffir", + "572824f13acd2414000df593": "2008", + "572826634b864d19001645be": ".", + "572826634b864d19001645bf": "821,784 people and 366,273 households in the city. Jacksonville has the country's tenth-largest Arab population,", + "572826634b864d19001645c0": "the 2010 Census", + "572826634b864d19001645c1": "Filipino American community, with 25,033 in the metropolitan area as of the 2010 Census. Much of Jacksonville's Filipino community", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5bb": ",", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5bc": ". The median age was 35.5 years. For every 100 females there were 94.1 males.", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5bd": "age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males.", + "572827fc3acd2414000df5be": "1", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ee": "62 wealthiest individuals", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97ef": "62", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f0": "85 wealthiest individuals in the world have a combined wealth equal to that of the bottom 50% of the world's population,", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f1": "the methodology used", + "5727e6cbff5b5019007d97f2": "the basis of the methodology used", + "5729d36b1d04691400779607": "85 wealthiest individuals in the world have a combined wealth equal to that of the bottom 50% of the world's population,", + "5729d36b1d04691400779608": "financial assets", + "5729d36b1d04691400779609": "41 trillion", + "5729d36b1d0469140077960a": ",", + "5729d36b1d0469140077960b": "ccelerating disparity could trigger a recession. In October 2015, Credit Suisse published a study which shows global inequality continues to increase,", + "5727e8424b864d1900163fc0": "the top 400 richest Americans", + "5727e8424b864d1900163fc1": "PolitiFact", + "5727e8424b864d1900163fc2": "Inherited wealth may help explain why many Americans who have become rich may have had a \"substantial head start\"", + "5727e8424b864d1900163fc3": "Inherited wealth", + "5729d44b1d04691400779611": "PolitiFact", + "5729d44b1d04691400779612": "the top 400 richest Americans", + "5729d44b1d04691400779613": "Inherited wealth", + "5729d44b1d04691400779614": "over 60 percent", + "5729d44b1d04691400779615": "the Institute for Policy Studies", + "5727e9523acd2414000def95": "Neoclassical economics", + "5727e9523acd2414000def96": "Neoclassical economics", + "5727e9523acd2414000def97": "marginal value added", + "5727e9523acd2414000def98": "the productivity gap", + "5727e9523acd2414000def99": "marginal value added", + "5729d51d3f37b3190047858f": "differences in value added by labor, capital and land.", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478590": "value added", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478591": "wages and profits", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478592": "Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land.", + "5729d51d3f37b31900478593": "the productivity gap", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986e": "Marxian analysis", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d986f": "stagnant wages", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9870": "unemployment", + "5727ea45ff5b5019007d9871": "the capitalist class", + "5729d609af94a219006aa661": "the working class", + "5729d609af94a219006aa662": "Marxian analysis", + "5729d609af94a219006aa663": "Marxian analysis", + "5729d609af94a219006aa664": "the productivity of each worker, resulting in a situation of relatively stagnant wages", + "5729d609af94a219006aa665": "stagnant wages for the working class", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b6": "the law of supply and demand, the price of skill", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b7": "the law of supply and demand", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b8": "high levels of inequality", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99b9": "the law of supply and demand", + "5727ec062ca10214002d99ba": "the law of supply and demand", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66b": "the law of supply and demand", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66c": "the price of skill", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66d": "the law of supply and demand", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66e": "markets", + "5729d878af94a219006aa66f": "high levels of inequality", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df001": "competition between workers", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df002": "competition between employers for employees will drive up the wage. Examples of this would include jobs that require highly developed skills, rare abilities,", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df003": "high wages", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df004": "competition between employers for employees will drive up the wage. Examples of this would include jobs that require highly developed skills,", + "5727ed2e3acd2414000df005": "employers", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa675": "a low wage", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa676": "competition between workers", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa677": "competition between employers for employees will drive up the wage. Examples of this would include jobs that require highly developed skills,", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa678": "high wages for that job. This is because competition between employers for employees will drive up the wage.", + "5729da0faf94a219006aa679": "competition between employers", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ec": "entrepreneurship", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ed": "entrepreneurship", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ee": "income for food and shelter (\"push\" motivations)", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99ef": "vocation and more likely to involve the pursue of new products, services,", + "5727ee372ca10214002d99f0": "entrepreneurialism", + "5729de24af94a219006aa689": "economic inequality", + "5729de24af94a219006aa68a": "economic inequality", + "5729de24af94a219006aa68b": "entrepreneurialism", + "5729de24af94a219006aa68c": "vocation", + "5729de24af94a219006aa68d": "economic inequality", + "5727ef664b864d1900164060": "the level of the top tax rate", + "5727ef664b864d1900164061": "the top tax rate", + "5727ef664b864d1900164062": "inequality", + "5727ef664b864d1900164063": "a progressive tax system", + "5729e02f1d04691400779639": "the level of the top tax rate", + "5729e02f1d0469140077963a": "the level of the top tax rate", + "5729e02f1d0469140077963b": "social spending", + "5729e02f1d0469140077963c": "the Gini index", + "5727f05b4b864d1900164068": "access to education", + "5727f05b4b864d1900164069": "an education", + "5727f05b4b864d190016406a": "income inequality", + "5727f05b4b864d190016406b": "the poor", + "5727f05b4b864d190016406c": "an education, or choose not to pursue optional education, generally receive much lower wages.", + "5729e1101d04691400779641": "access to education", + "5729e1101d04691400779642": "income inequality", + "5729e1101d04691400779643": "lower wages", + "5729e1101d04691400779644": "income inequality", + "5729e1101d04691400779645": "access to education", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05b": "increasing access to education", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05c": "one more year of school, it would add an additional $105 billion in growth to the country's economy over five years.", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05d": "the wealth gap", + "5727f16c3acd2414000df05e": "economists", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550ba": "2014", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550bb": "2014", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550bc": "increasing access to education", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550bd": "105 billion in growth to the country's economy over five years.", + "5729e1e36aef0514001550be": "slow growth", + "5727f2714b864d1900164072": "1910\u20131940", + "5727f2714b864d1900164073": "a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers. Education is very important for the growth of the economy,", + "5727f2714b864d1900164074": "a period of compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers. Education is very important for the growth of the economy,", + "5727f2714b864d1900164075": "educational inequality", + "5727f2714b864d1900164076": "the mass high school education movement", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550ce": "1910\u20131940", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550cf": "a decrease in the price of skilled labor", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550d0": "compression and decreased inequality between skilled and unskilled workers. Education is very important for the growth of the economy,", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550d1": "Education is very important for the growth of the economy,", + "5729e2b76aef0514001550d2": "continued gender inequality in education", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0e7": "economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation along with the decline of union membership as one of the causes of economic inequality.", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0e8": "continental European countries", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0ea": "John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer (2006) of the CEPR", + "5727f6723acd2414000df0e9": "economic liberalism", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa69d": "economic inequality", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa69e": "social exclusion", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa69f": "the CEPR", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a0": "little support for the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor-market outcomes.", + "5729e38daf94a219006aa6a1": "economic inequality", + "5727f7523acd2414000df10d": "the United States", + "5727f7523acd2414000df10e": "high inequality", + "5727f7523acd2414000df10f": "the decline of organized labor", + "5727f7523acd2414000df110": "the decline of organized labor", + "5729e4291d04691400779651": "Sociologist", + "5729e4291d04691400779652": "the University of Washington", + "5729e4291d04691400779653": "the decline of organized labor", + "5729e4291d04691400779654": "high rates of unionization, particularly in Scandinavia, have very low levels of inequality,", + "5729e4291d04691400779655": "weak labor movements", + "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a18": "economic inequality", + "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a19": "economic inequality", + "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1a": "economic inequality", + "5727fc37ff5b5019007d9a1b": "technological innovation and automation", + "5729f1283f37b319004785d7": "a global to a domestic scale", + "5729f1283f37b319004785d8": "Paul Krugman estimates that trade liberalisation has had a measurable effect on the rising inequality in the United States.", + "5729f1283f37b319004785d9": "trade liberalisation", + "5729f1283f37b319004785da": "minor", + "5729f1283f37b319004785db": "machine labor", + "5727fd123acd2414000df185": "a Gender pay gap in favor of males in the labor market. Several factors other than discrimination may contribute to this gap.", + "5727fd123acd2414000df186": "a Gender pay gap in favor of males in the labor market. Several factors other than discrimination may contribute to this gap.", + "5727fd123acd2414000df187": "a difference in earnings between women and men. The income gap in other countries ranges from 53% in Botswana to -40% in Bahrain.", + "5727fd123acd2414000df188": "women and men. The income gap in other countries ranges from 53% in Botswana to -40% in Bahrain.", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785e7": "a Gender pay gap", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785e8": "males", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785e9": "women and men. The income gap in other countries ranges from 53% in Botswana to -40% in Bahrain.", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785ea": "Thomas Sowell", + "5729f1c13f37b319004785eb": "a Gender pay gap in favor of males in the labor market.", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ab": "social welfare programs", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ac": "economic inequality are in large part the result of stages of development.", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ad": "stages of development", + "5727ff083acd2414000df1ae": "stages of development", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6dd": "Economist Simon Kuznets argued that levels of economic inequality", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6de": "economic inequality", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6df": "more capital", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e0": "more wealth and income", + "5729f24baf94a219006aa6e1": "economic inequality", + "57287b322ca10214002da3be": "1910 to 1940", + "57287b322ca10214002da3bf": "1910 to 1940 and thereafter.[citation needed] However, recent data shows that the level of income inequality began to rise after the 1970s", + "57287b322ca10214002da3c0": "the manufacturing sector", + "57287b322ca10214002da3c1": "the manufacturing sector", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f1": "Kuznets", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f2": "the Kuznets curve", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f3": "the Kuznets curve", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f4": "the relationship between level of income and inequality", + "5729f3883f37b319004785f5": "the relationship between level of income and inequality", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26c": "wealth condensation", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26d": "wealth condensation", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26e": "wealth condensation", + "57287c2bff5b5019007da26f": "wealth condensation", + "5729f4273f37b319004785fb": "wealth condensation", + "5729f4273f37b319004785fc": "individuals or entities.", + "5729f4273f37b319004785fd": "wealth condensation", + "5729f4273f37b319004785fe": "Thomas Piketty", + "5729f4273f37b319004785ff": "higher returns", + "5729f4e46aef051400155157": "market forces should serve as a brake on such concentration, which may better be explained by the non-market force known as \"rent-seeking\".", + "5729f4e46aef051400155156": "Economist Joseph Stiglitz argues that rather than explaining concentrations of wealth and income, market forces should serve as a brake on such concentration,", + "5729f4e46aef051400155158": "rare and desired skills to reward wealth creation, greater productivity, etc.", + "5729f4e46aef051400155159": "political power", + "5729f4e46aef05140015515a": "inequality, according to Stiglitz, is the use of political power generated by wealth by certain groups to shape government policies financially beneficial to them.", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6ef": "inequality", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f0": "inequality", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f1": "life expectancy", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f2": "inequality", + "5729f60caf94a219006aa6f3": "inequality", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478653": "2013", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478654": "rising inequality", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478655": "rising inequality", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478656": "rising inequality", + "572a05eb3f37b31900478657": "economic growth", + "572a06866aef0514001551be": "US and UK) and states (Mississippi and New York) with large differences in household income.", + "572a06866aef0514001551bf": "carceration, child conflict, drug use)", + "572a06866aef0514001551c0": "health and social problems", + "572a06866aef0514001551c2": "23 developed countries", + "572a06866aef0514001551c1": "inequality", + "572a070c6aef0514001551c8": "better health and longer lives", + "572a070c6aef0514001551c9": "life expectancy", + "572a070c6aef0514001551ca": "life expectancy", + "572a070c6aef0514001551cb": "Americans", + "572a070c6aef0514001551cc": "material living standards \u2013", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d2": "income inequality", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d3": "Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d4": "nine factors", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d5": "income inequality", + "572a07a86aef0514001551d6": "income inequality", + "572a0a391d046914007796df": "inequality in society", + "572a0a391d046914007796e0": "homicides are almost identically defined across all nations and jurisdictions.", + "572a0a391d046914007796e1": "over fifty studies", + "572a0a391d046914007796e3": "differences in the amount of inequality in each province or state", + "572a0a391d046914007796e2": "tenfold difference in homicide rates related to inequality.", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa765": "economic inequality", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa766": "distributive efficiency", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa767": "basic necessities", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa768": "the additional dollar", + "572a0bafaf94a219006aa769": "higher aggregate utility", + "572a0c541d046914007796f3": "inequality of consumption is less extreme than inequality of income in the US.", + "572a0c541d046914007796f4": "Will Wilkinson", + "572a0c541d046914007796f5": "2001", + "572a0c541d046914007796f6": "Edsall", + "572a0c541d046914007796f7": "The Hidden Prosperity of the Poor", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa783": "Central Banking economist", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa784": "systematic economic inequalities", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa785": "the Financial crisis of 2007\u201308", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa786": "easier credit to the lower and middle income earners \u2013", + "572a0d21af94a219006aa787": "unsustainable monetary stimulation", + "572a0e0e1d04691400779707": "inequality in wealth and income", + "572a0e0e1d04691400779708": "high levels of education", + "572a0e0e1d04691400779709": "inequality in wealth and income", + "572a0e0e1d0469140077970a": "higher GDP growth", + "572a0e0e1d0469140077970b": "inequality in wealth and income is negatively correlated with the duration of economic growth spells (not the rate of growth)", + "572a0ecb1d04691400779717": "controlling unemployment", + "572a0ecb1d04691400779718": "economic growth", + "572a0ecb1d04691400779719": "economic growth", + "572a0ecb1d0469140077971a": "increasing inequality", + "572a0ecb1d0469140077971b": "inequality", + "572a1046af94a219006aa78d": "both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand.", + "572a1046af94a219006aa78e": "both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand.", + "572a1046af94a219006aa78f": "global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand.", + "572a1046af94a219006aa790": "the increasing importance of human capital", + "572a1046af94a219006aa791": "widespread education", + "572a11663f37b31900478693": "credit market imperfections", + "572a11663f37b31900478694": "economic development", + "572a11663f37b31900478695": "the channels through which inequality may affect economic growth", + "572a11663f37b31900478696": "credit market imperfections", + "572a11663f37b31900478697": "politically and socially unstable", + "572a12381d0469140077972d": "income inequality", + "572a12381d0469140077972e": "income inequality", + "572a12381d0469140077972c": "growth and investment", + "572a12381d0469140077972b": "Harvard economist", + "572a12381d0469140077972f": "1960 and 2000", + "572a13841d0469140077973b": "the Kuznets curve hypothesis", + "572a13841d0469140077973c": "economic growth", + "572a13841d0469140077973d": "Thomas Piketty", + "572a13841d0469140077973e": "the Kuznets curve hypothesis", + "572a13841d0469140077973f": "violent economic and political shocks", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7df": "the 1970s", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e0": "reduced consumer demand", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e1": "increased income inequality", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e2": "several years", + "572a18a4af94a219006aa7e3": "more equality in the income distribution", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155284": "special efforts", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155285": "the existing level of inequality", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155286": "nearly 60 years", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155287": "the United Nations", + "572a1a5c6aef051400155288": "the growth elasticity of poverty", + "572a1ba46aef05140015528e": "unregistered property", + "572a1ba46aef05140015528f": "various associations and other arrangements", + "572a1ba46aef051400155290": "unregistered property is held in informal form through various associations and other arrangements.", + "572a1ba46aef051400155291": "over 200 steps and up to 14 years", + "572a1ba46aef051400155292": "government land", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e1": "affordable housing", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e2": "the number of quality rental units", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e3": "income inequality", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e4": "gentrification", + "572a1c943f37b319004786e5": "ad valorem property tax policy", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f5": "aspirational consumption", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f6": "their finances", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f7": "aspirational consumption", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f8": "taking on debt", + "572a1dbb3f37b319004786f9": "economic instability", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c0": "the result", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c1": "the amount of environmental degradation", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c2": "human inequality", + "572a1f086aef0514001552c3": "the economic inequality", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d0": "the private ownership of the means of production", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d1": "vast disparities in wealth", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d2": "a wage or salary", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d3": "socially owned so that income differentials would be reflective of individual contributions to the social product.", + "572a1fe16aef0514001552d4": ". By contrast, the vast majority of the population is dependent on income in the form of a wage or salary.", + "572a20816aef0514001552e4": "Robert Nozick", + "572a20816aef0514001552e5": "taxation", + "572a20816aef0514001552e6": "redistribution", + "572a20816aef0514001552e7": "Robert Nozick", + "572a20816aef0514001552e8": "A Theory of Justice", + "572a213e6aef0514001552ee": "capability deprivation", + "572a213e6aef0514001552ef": "the end itself", + "572a213e6aef0514001552f0": "human development approach \u2013 looks at income inequality and poverty as form of \u201ccapability deprivation", + "572a213e6aef0514001552f1": "income inequality and poverty as form of \u201ccapability deprivation\u201d. Unlike neoliberalism, which \u201c", + "572a213e6aef0514001552f2": "the ability to pursue valued goals).", + "572a2224af94a219006aa823": "income and economic inequality", + "572a2224af94a219006aa824": "income and economic inequality increases, and it becomes more difficult to reduce the gap without additional aid.", + "572a2224af94a219006aa825": "gender roles and customs", + "572a2224af94a219006aa826": "income and economic inequality", + "572a2224af94a219006aa827": "income and economic inequality", + "5727efabff5b5019007d98e2": "the BBC", + "5727efabff5b5019007d98e3": "1963", + "5727efabff5b5019007d98e4": "his TARDIS", + "5727efabff5b5019007d98e5": "a blue British police box", + "5727efabff5b5019007d98e6": ".", + "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f2": "1963 to 1989", + "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f3": "Russell T Davies", + "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f4": "Torchwood (2006\u20132011) and The Sarah Jane Adventures (2007\u20132011)", + "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f5": "BBC Wales", + "5727f0b1ff5b5019007d98f6": "Christopher Eccleston", + "5727f18c3acd2414000df063": "one actor to another is written into the plot of the show,", + "5727f18c3acd2414000df064": "Peter Capaldi", + "5727f18c3acd2414000df065": "The Time of the Doctor", + "5727f18c3acd2414000df066": "regeneration", + "5727f18c3acd2414000df067": "the concept of regeneration", + "5727f2583acd2414000df087": "the planet Gallifrey", + "5727f2583acd2414000df088": "a stolen Mark I Type 40 TARDIS \u2013 \"Time and Relative Dimension in Space\" \u2013", + "5727f2583acd2414000df089": "time machine", + "5727f2583acd2414000df08a": "the chameleon circuit", + "5727f2583acd2414000df08b": "a malfunction in the chameleon circuit", + "5727f3193acd2414000df0a5": "one or more companions", + "5727f3193acd2414000df0a6": "the Master", + "5727f3193acd2414000df0a7": "the ability to regenerate", + "5727f3193acd2414000df0a8": "one or more companions to share these adventures. His companions are usually humans,", + "5727f3193acd2414000df0a9": "a Time Lord", + "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a32": "23 November 1963", + "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a33": "the Daleks and Thals", + "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a34": "Newman and Wilson", + "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a35": "Nation", + "5727f44c2ca10214002d9a36": "25 minutes", + "5727f5622ca10214002d9a44": "26 seasons", + "5727f5622ca10214002d9a45": "Jonathan Powell", + "5727f5622ca10214002d9a46": "Sophie Aldred reported in the documentary Doctor Who: More Than 30 Years in the TARDIS) it was effectively,", + "5727f5622ca10214002d9a47": "the public perception of the show", + "5727f5622ca10214002d9a48": "the BBC", + "5727f678ff5b5019007d9956": "Philip Segal", + "5727f678ff5b5019007d9957": "Philip Segal", + "5727f678ff5b5019007d9958": "the Fox Network", + "5727f678ff5b5019007d9959": "9", + "5727f678ff5b5019007d995a": "the UK", + "5727f746ff5b5019007d9960": "Rose", + "5727f746ff5b5019007d9961": "2005", + "5727f746ff5b5019007d9963": "2009", + "5727f746ff5b5019007d9964": "Chris Chibnall", + "5727f746ff5b5019007d9962": "Christmas Day specials", + "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7c": "1963", + "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7d": "The 2005 version of Doctor Who", + "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7e": "1996", + "5727f8342ca10214002d9a7f": "Battlestar Galactica and Bionic Woman[citation needed]", + "5727f8342ca10214002d9a80": "Doctor Who", + "5727fc7f4b864d1900164160": "30 November 1963", + "5727fc7f4b864d1900164161": "ten minutes", + "5727fc7f4b864d1900164162": "ten minutes", + "5727fc7f4b864d1900164163": "news coverage of the assassination", + "5727fc7f4b864d1900164164": "a series of power blackouts", + "5727fdb94b864d190016417c": "fear and thrill \"at the center of many people's relationship with the show\",", + "5727fdb94b864d190016417d": "the Museum of the Moving Image", + "5727fdb94b864d190016417e": "the Museum of the Moving Image in London named their exhibition celebrating the programme \"Behind the Sofa", + "5727fdb94b864d190016417f": "Digital Spy", + "5727fdb94b864d1900164180": "Digital Spy", + "5727fed73acd2414000df1a1": "Doctor Who", + "5727fed73acd2414000df1a2": "3", + "5727fed73acd2414000df1a3": "Philip Howard", + "5727fed73acd2414000df1a4": "Monopoly with the property market in London: both are fantasies, but one is meant to be taken seriously.", + "5727fed73acd2414000df1a5": "The Times", + "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8c": "the TARDIS", + "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8d": "a police box", + "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8e": "a police box as a time machine", + "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a8f": "the Metropolitan Police Authority", + "5727ffb5ff5b5019007d9a90": "2002", + "572800b03acd2414000df1f1": "26 seasons", + "572800b03acd2414000df1f2": "6 December 1989", + "572800b03acd2414000df1f3": "12 episodes", + "572800b03acd2414000df1f4": "The Master", + "572800b03acd2414000df1f5": "The Trial of a Time Lord", + "572801823acd2414000df1fb": "2005", + "572801823acd2414000df1fc": "60 minutes", + "572801823acd2414000df1fd": "Christmas Day", + "572801823acd2414000df1fe": "the series finale", + "572801823acd2414000df1ff": "2010", + "5728023a4b864d19001641f4": "826 Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963, ranging between 25-minute episodes (the most common format)", + "5728023a4b864d19001641f5": ",", + "5728023a4b864d19001641f6": "eight Christmas specials (most of 60 minutes' duration, one of 72 minutes)", + "5728023a4b864d19001641f7": "60 minutes", + "5728023a4b864d19001641f8": "2009", + "572803493acd2414000df229": "William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton", + "572803493acd2414000df22a": "97", + "572803493acd2414000df22b": "seasons 3, 4, & 5, from which 79 episodes are missing)", + "572803493acd2414000df22c": "1978", + "572803493acd2414000df22d": "the first six years", + "572804522ca10214002d9b94": "home viewers", + "572804522ca10214002d9b95": "home viewers", + "572804522ca10214002d9b97": ",", + "572804522ca10214002d9b96": "8 mm cine film", + "572804522ca10214002d9b98": "home viewers", + "572805363acd2414000df26d": "the BBC", + "572805363acd2414000df26e": "Cosgrove Hall", + "572805363acd2414000df26f": "1968", + "572805363acd2414000df270": "Big Finish", + "572805363acd2414000df271": "November 2006", + "57280757ff5b5019007d9b42": "the concept of regeneration", + "57280757ff5b5019007d9b43": "William Hartnell", + "57280757ff5b5019007d9b44": "William Hartnell", + "57280757ff5b5019007d9b45": "the concept of regeneration", + "57280757ff5b5019007d9b46": "the concept of regeneration", + "572808bf4b864d190016429a": "12 times", + "572808bf4b864d190016429b": "13 incarnations. This line became stuck in the public consciousness despite not often being repeated,", + "572808bf4b864d190016429c": "The Time of the Doctor", + "572808bf4b864d190016429d": "12", + "572808bf4b864d190016429e": "1996", + "572809ab4b864d19001642ae": "John Hurt", + "572809ab4b864d19001642af": "The Day of the Doctor\".", + "572809ab4b864d19001642b0": "Michael Jayston", + "572809ab4b864d19001642b1": "Michael Jayston", + "572809ab4b864d19001642b2": "McGann and Eccleston", + "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c66": "the War Doctor", + "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c67": ") in the story Logopolis, the Ninth Doctor observes a former version of his current incarnation in \"Father's Day\",", + "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c68": "the War Doctor", + "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c6a": "The Space Museum", + "57280b2b2ca10214002d9c69": "The Day of the Doctor", + "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca8": "Sylvester McCoy and Paul McGann came together again to star in the audio drama The Four Doctors.", + "57280cac2ca10214002d9ca9": "Zagreus", + "57280cac2ca10214002d9caa": "Sylvester McCoy and Paul McGann", + "57280cac2ca10214002d9cab": "Sylvester McCoy and Paul McGann came together again to star in the audio drama The Four Doctors.", + "57280cac2ca10214002d9cac": "2003", + "57280e323acd2414000df349": "the 2013 episode \"The Time of the Doctor", + "57280e323acd2414000df34a": "The Brain of Morbius", + "57280e323acd2414000df34b": "Mawdryn Undead", + "57280e323acd2414000df34c": "The Time of the Doctor,\" the Eleventh Doctor clarified he was the product of the twelfth regeneration", + "57280e323acd2414000df34d": "1983", + "57280f0d3acd2414000df35b": "An Unearthly Child", + "57280f0d3acd2414000df35c": "Susan Foreman", + "57280f0d3acd2414000df35d": "the Ninth Doctor", + "57280f0d3acd2414000df35e": "the Ninth Doctor", + "57280f0d3acd2414000df35f": "the Ninth Doctor", + "5728103eff5b5019007d9c30": "a human", + "5728103eff5b5019007d9c31": "The Deadly Assassin", + "5728103eff5b5019007d9c33": "the companion", + "5728103eff5b5019007d9c34": "audience surrogates", + "5728103eff5b5019007d9c32": "Romana", + "572811434b864d190016438c": "Steven Moffat", + "572811434b864d190016438d": "Mickey Smith (Noel Clarke)", + "572811434b864d190016438e": "The Eleventh Doctor", + "572811434b864d190016438f": "Pearl Mackie as Bill", + "572811434b864d1900164390": "Catherine Tate", + "572812142ca10214002d9d2a": "Russell T Davies", + "572812142ca10214002d9d2b": "series 1", + "572812142ca10214002d9d2c": "Cybermen", + "572812142ca10214002d9d2d": "series 3", + "572812142ca10214002d9d2e": "Zygons", + "572812eaff5b5019007d9c80": "the Daleks", + "572812eaff5b5019007d9c81": "Skaro", + "572812eaff5b5019007d9c82": "Davros and housed in mechanical armour shells for mobility.", + "572812eaff5b5019007d9c83": "Davros", + "572812eaff5b5019007d9c84": "their eyestalk", + "572813b52ca10214002d9d68": "the Master", + "572813b52ca10214002d9d69": "Professor Moriarty", + "572813b52ca10214002d9d6a": "Eric Roberts", + "572813b52ca10214002d9d6b": "Professor Moriarty", + "572813b52ca10214002d9d6c": "Roger Delgado", + "572814882ca10214002d9d72": "John Simm", + "572814882ca10214002d9d73": "Utopia", + "572814882ca10214002d9d74": "2014", + "572814882ca10214002d9d75": "Missy", + "572814882ca10214002d9d76": "Michelle Gomez", + "572816213acd2414000df429": "Ron Grainer", + "572816213acd2414000df42a": "the BBC Radiophonic Workshop", + "572816213acd2414000df42b": "musique concr\u00e8te", + "572816213acd2414000df42c": "1979\u201380", + "572816213acd2414000df42d": "Ron Grainer", + "5728177f2ca10214002d9db0": "Peter Howell", + "5728177f2ca10214002d9db1": "Dominic Glynn", + "5728177f2ca10214002d9db2": "the Seventh Doctor", + "5728177f2ca10214002d9db3": "Murray Gold", + "572817802ca10214002d9db4": "Doctor Who", + "5728185f3acd2414000df45b": "Voyage of the Damned", + "5728185f3acd2414000df45d": "Classic FM", + "5728185f3acd2414000df45c": "the 2010 series", + "5728185f3acd2414000df45e": "Classic FM", + "5728185f3acd2414000df45f": "Gold", + "572819864b864d190016447e": "Jon Pertwee", + "572819864b864d190016447f": "the group Mankind", + "572819864b864d1900164480": "number 24", + "572819864b864d1900164481": "The Timelords", + "572819864b864d1900164482": "The Timelords", + "57281a952ca10214002d9dea": "Dudley Simpson", + "57281a952ca10214002d9deb": "Planet of Giants", + "57281a952ca10214002d9dec": "the 1960s and 1970s", + "57281a952ca10214002d9ded": "The Horns of Nimon", + "57281a952ca10214002d9dee": "Doctor Who", + "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfa": "the BBC National Orchestra of Wales", + "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfb": "the BBC National Orchestra of Wales", + "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfc": "27 July 2008", + "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfd": "Music of the Spheres", + "57281bbc2ca10214002d9dfe": "Murray Gold and Ben Foster", + "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1e": "Silva Screen Records", + "57281cb22ca10214002d9e1f": "the first two series, the second and third featured music from the third and fourth series respectively.", + "57281cb22ca10214002d9e20": "music from the 2008\u20132010 specials", + "57281cb22ca10214002d9e21": "A Christmas Carol", + "57281cb22ca10214002d9e22": "8 November 2010", + "57281f203acd2414000df4f5": "the logo used for the Third and Eighth Doctors is the primary logo used on all media and merchandise relating to past Doctors,", + "57281f203acd2414000df4f6": "the Twelfth Doctor", + "57281f203acd2414000df4f7": "the logo used for the Third and Eighth Doctors is the primary logo used on all media and merchandise relating to past Doctors, and the current Doctor Who logo", + "57281f203acd2414000df4f8": "1973\u201380", + "57281f203acd2414000df4f9": "the Eleventh Doctor", + "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9c": "the assassination", + "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9d": "BBC One", + "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9e": "Tom Baker", + "57282036ff5b5019007d9d9f": "circa 1964\u20131965", + "57282036ff5b5019007d9da0": "BBC Three", + "572821ceff5b5019007d9db2": "1979", + "572821ceff5b5019007d9db3": "viewership levels", + "572821ceff5b5019007d9db4": "Coronation Street", + "572821ceff5b5019007d9db5": "three to five million viewers", + "572821ceff5b5019007d9db6": "1979", + "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd4": "PBS stations two days prior to its BBC One broadcast.", + "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd5": "TVNZ in New Zealand", + "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd6": "the BBC One showing, and two days before it aired on Fox in the United States.", + "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd7": "15 days", + "5728231fff5b5019007d9dd8": "23 November", + "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed6": "the Australian Broadcasting Corporation", + "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed7": "partial funding", + "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed8": "SyFy", + "5728245b2ca10214002d9ed9": "the weekly screenings of all available classic episodes", + "5728245b2ca10214002d9eda": "ABC1", + "572825714b864d1900164590": "1976", + "572825714b864d1900164591": "The Three Doctors", + "572825714b864d1900164592": "Space", + "572825714b864d1900164593": "TVOntario", + "572825714b864d1900164594": "Judith Merril", + "572826762ca10214002d9f2c": "Christopher Eccleston", + "572826762ca10214002d9f2d": "video introductions", + "572826762ca10214002d9f2e": "Doctor Who", + "572826762ca10214002d9f2f": "9 October 2006", + "572826762ca10214002d9f30": "Thanksgiving", + "5728274cff5b5019007d9e26": "Canada and the United States. Every fully extant serial has been released on VHS,", + "5728274cff5b5019007d9e27": "Doctor Who (The Infinite Quest) was released on VCD. Only the series from 2009 onwards are available on Blu-ray,", + "5728274cff5b5019007d9e28": "The Infinite Quest", + "5728274cff5b5019007d9e29": "Spearhead from Space", + "5728274cff5b5019007d9e2a": "2009", + "572828383acd2414000df5c3": "Jon Pertwee", + "572828383acd2414000df5c4": "Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker both played the Doctor at different times during the run of a play titled Doctor Who \u2013 The Ultimate Adventure", + "572828383acd2414000df5c5": "The Curse of the Daleks", + "572828383acd2414000df5c6": "Doctor Who \u2013 The Ultimate Adventure", + "572828383acd2414000df5c7": "Jon Pertwee", + "572829532ca10214002d9fa2": "Russell T Davies", + "572829532ca10214002d9fa3": "2006", + "572829532ca10214002d9fa4": "2008", + "572829532ca10214002d9fa5": "Children of Earth", + "572829532ca10214002d9fa6": "Russell T Davies", + "57282f204b864d190016468a": "Elisabeth Sladen who reprised her role as investigative journalist Sarah Jane Smith", + "57282f204b864d190016468b": "September 2007", + "57282f204b864d190016468c": "David Tennant", + "57282f204b864d190016468d": "Matt Smith", + "57282f204b864d190016468e": "the death of Elisabeth Sladen", + "5728303e4b864d19001646aa": "Dimensions in Time", + "5728303e4b864d19001646ab": "Children in Need", + "5728303e4b864d19001646ac": "EastEnders", + "5728303e4b864d19001646ad": "one darkened lens", + "5728303e4b864d19001646ae": "the Pulfrich effect", + "572831512ca10214002da04a": "Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death", + "572831512ca10214002da04b": "four", + "572831512ca10214002da04c": "Rowan Atkinson", + "572831512ca10214002da04d": "Joanna Lumley", + "572831512ca10214002da04e": "Steven Moffat", + "572833662ca10214002da086": "The Neutral Zone", + "572833662ca10214002da087": "Blue Harvest", + "572833662ca10214002da088": "Queer as Folk", + "572833662ca10214002da089": "Oliver", + "572833662ca10214002da08a": "Brisingr and High Wizardry", + "572834524b864d1900164716": "The Chase", + "572834524b864d1900164717": "1981", + "572834524b864d1900164718": "Doctor Who and the Pescatons", + "572834524b864d1900164719": "1981", + "572834524b864d190016471a": "Slipback", + "572835854b864d190016472e": "the Fifth, Sixth and Seventh Doctors,", + "572835854b864d190016472f": "Destiny of the Doctor", + "572835854b864d1900164730": "Big Finish Productions", + "572835854b864d1900164731": "1999", + "572835854b864d1900164732": "Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor began appearing for Big Finish in 2012", + "572836732ca10214002da0dc": "1965", + "572836732ca10214002da0dd": "1965", + "572836732ca10214002da0de": "1979", + "572836732ca10214002da0df": "Panini", + "572836732ca10214002da0e0": "BBC Books", + "572837402ca10214002da0f4": "the early 1960s", + "572837402ca10214002da0f5": "BBC Television", + "572837402ca10214002da0f6": "the BBC takes no position on the canonicity of any of such stories, and producers of the show have expressed distaste for the idea.", + "572837402ca10214002da0f7": "the BBC", + "572838323acd2414000df737": "the 2006", + "572838323acd2414000df738": "2010", + "572838323acd2414000df739": "Matt Smith", + "572838323acd2414000df73a": "Michelle Gomez", + "572838323acd2414000df73b": "Best Supporting Actress", + "57283a392ca10214002da118": "Guinness World Records", + "57283a392ca10214002da119": "its 50th anniversary special", + "57283a392ca10214002da11a": "electronic music", + "57283a392ca10214002da11b": "2013", + "57283a392ca10214002da11c": "its 50th anniversary special", + "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa4": "Season 11", + "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa5": "\u2013", + "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa6": "the British Film Institute", + "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa7": "SFX magazine", + "57283b91ff5b5019007d9fa8": "number eight", + "57283ce72ca10214002da14c": "BAFTA TV Awards", + "57283ce72ca10214002da14d": "five", + "57283ce72ca10214002da14e": "25", + "57283ce72ca10214002da14f": "2009", + "57283ce72ca10214002da150": "the BAFTA Cymru Awards", + "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc6": "six times", + "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc7": "over 200 awards", + "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc8": "over 200 awards", + "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fc9": "Matt Smith", + "57283dbeff5b5019007d9fca": "The Waters of Mars\" (2010), \"The Pandorica Opens\"/\"The Big Bang\" (2011)", + "57283e652ca10214002da166": "Spike Milligan", + "57283e652ca10214002da167": "Spike Milligan", + "57283e652ca10214002da168": "a soap sponge", + "57283e652ca10214002da16a": "Doctor Who fandom", + "57283e652ca10214002da169": "Spike Milligan", + "57283c464b864d19001647c8": "a private research university", + "57283c464b864d19001647c9": "1890", + "57283c464b864d19001647ca": "seven", + "57283c464b864d19001647cb": "four", + "57283c464b864d19001647cc": "15", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbc": "various academic disciplines", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbd": "the University of Chicago Press, the largest university press in the United States.", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbe": "Stagg Field", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fbf": "the University of Chicago Press", + "57283db6ff5b5019007d9fc0": "2020", + "57283f014b864d19001647e8": "the American Baptist Education Society", + "57283f014b864d19001647e9": "William Rainey Harper", + "57283f014b864d19001647ea": "William Rainey Harper", + "57283f014b864d19001647eb": "1891", + "57283f014b864d19001647ec": "1892", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00a": "Marshall Field", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00b": "wealthy Chicagoans", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00c": "Cobb Lecture Hall", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00d": "Cobb Lecture Hall", + "57284142ff5b5019007da00e": "Charles L. Hutchinson", + "572843304b864d1900164848": "Shimer College", + "572843304b864d1900164849": "1896", + "572843304b864d190016484a": "a grade of A", + "572843304b864d190016484b": "University of Chicago professors", + "572843304b864d190016484c": "1910", + "57284456ff5b5019007da05c": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", + "57284456ff5b5019007da060": "the Common Core", + "57284456ff5b5019007da05f": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", + "57284456ff5b5019007da05e": "Robert Maynard Hutchins", + "57284456ff5b5019007da05d": "1929", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0a8": "the early 1950s", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0a9": "an early entrant program", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0aa": "the early 1950s", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0ab": "Hyde Park", + "57284618ff5b5019007da0ac": "examinations and courses.", + "572847ff3acd2414000df869": "1962", + "572847ff3acd2414000df86a": "the Kalven Report", + "572847ff3acd2414000df86b": "1967", + "572847ff3acd2414000df86c": "two", + "572847ff3acd2414000df86d": "social and political action", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f2": "2008", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f3": "the Milton Friedman Institute", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f4": "200 million", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f5": "the Chicago Theological Seminary", + "572849b4ff5b5019007da0f6": "David G", + "57284b904b864d19001648e2": "the Main Quadrangles", + "57284b904b864d19001648e3": "six quadrangles", + "57284b904b864d19001648e4": "Henry Ives Cobb", + "57284b904b864d19001648e5": "Magdalen Tower", + "57284b904b864d19001648e6": "Christ Church Hall", + "57284d484b864d1900164900": "the 1940s", + "57284d484b864d1900164901": "Eero Saarinen", + "57284d484b864d1900164902": "School of Social Service Administration", + "57284d484b864d1900164903": "the Harris School of Public Policy Studies", + "57284d484b864d1900164904": "2003", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da150": "The Center in Paris, a campus located on the left bank of the Seine in Paris, hosts various undergraduate and graduate study programs.", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da151": "the Seine", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da152": "2010", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da153": "Renmin University", + "57284e9fff5b5019007da154": "2015", + "5728501aff5b5019007da166": "the Board of Trustees", + "5728501aff5b5019007da167": "Andrew Alper", + "5728501aff5b5019007da168": "fourteen", + "5728501aff5b5019007da169": "Andrew Alper", + "5728501aff5b5019007da16a": "Daniel Diermeier", + "5728510f4b864d1900164936": "The Higher Learning Commission", + "5728510f4b864d1900164937": "four divisions of graduate research and seven professional schools.", + "5728510f4b864d1900164938": "seven professional schools.", + "57285213ff5b5019007da180": "50", + "57285213ff5b5019007da181": "50 academic majors and 28", + "57285213ff5b5019007da182": "five divisions", + "57285213ff5b5019007da183": "the New Collegiate Division", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da188": "the Common Core", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da189": "17 students", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da18a": "intense learning experience", + "572853e8ff5b5019007da18b": "Uni in the USA", + "572855973acd2414000df925": "the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools", + "572855973acd2414000df926": "the Sonia Shankman Orthogenic School", + "572855973acd2414000df927": "four public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute.", + "572855973acd2414000df928": "public charter schools on the South Side of Chicago administered by the university's Urban Education Institute.", + "572855973acd2414000df929": "the University of Chicago campus", + "572856beff5b5019007da190": "six libraries", + "572856beff5b5019007da191": "six libraries that contain a total of 9.8 million volumes, the 11th most among library systems in the United States.", + "572856beff5b5019007da192": "the Regenstein Library", + "572856beff5b5019007da193": "2011", + "572856beff5b5019007da194": "one", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19a": "12 research institutes and 113 research centers on campus. Among these are the Oriental Institute\u2014", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19b": "12 research institutes and 113 research centers on campus. Among these are the Oriental Institute\u2014", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19c": "the Oriental Institute", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19d": "Argonne National Laboratory", + "57285841ff5b5019007da19e": "New Mexico", + "57286010ff5b5019007da1ca": "the Chicago school of economics", + "57286010ff5b5019007da1cb": "the Chicago Pile", + "57286010ff5b5019007da1cc": "the Miller\u2013Urey experiment", + "57286010ff5b5019007da1cd": "1953", + "572861cc4b864d190016495e": "1933", + "572861cc4b864d190016495f": "1959", + "572861cc4b864d1900164960": "1996", + "572861cc4b864d1900164961": "1959", + "572861cc4b864d1900164962": ", five years after a $35 million gift from alumnus David Logan and his wife Reva. The center includes spaces for exhibitions, performances, classes,", + "572863363acd2414000df985": ".", + "572863363acd2414000df986": "3", + "572863363acd2414000df987": ".8% for the Class of 2019, the lowest in the college's history.", + "572863363acd2414000df988": "15", + "572863363acd2414000df989": "international students", + "572864542ca10214002da2de": "the University of Chicago", + "572864542ca10214002da2df": "the Big Ten Conference", + "572864542ca10214002da2e0": "the Big Ten Conference", + "572864542ca10214002da2e1": "Jay Berwanger", + "572864542ca10214002da2e2": "1946 after University President Robert Maynard Hutchins", + "5728659f4b864d190016498a": "over 400 clubs and organizations", + "5728659f4b864d190016498b": "Recognized Student Organizations", + "5728659f4b864d190016498c": "the University of Chicago College Bowl Team", + "5728659f4b864d190016498d": "Doc Films", + "5728659f4b864d190016498e": ",", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1fc": "graduate and undergraduate students", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1fd": "an Executive Committee", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1fe": "two Vice Presidents", + "5728667eff5b5019007da1ff": "2 million.", + "572867543acd2414000df9a1": "one in ten", + "572867543acd2414000df9a2": "one in ten undergraduates participate in Greek life.", + "572867543acd2414000df9a3": "Alpha Phi Omega", + "572867543acd2414000df9a4": "one in ten undergraduates participate in Greek life.", + "572867543acd2414000df9a5": "one in ten undergraduates participate in Greek life.", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9af": "May", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9b0": "1987", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9b1": "the Festival of the Arts", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9b2": "Kuviasungnerk", + "5728683b3acd2414000df9b3": "Summer Breeze", + "57286951ff5b5019007da20e": "Satya Nadella", + "57286951ff5b5019007da20f": "Larry Ellison", + "57286951ff5b5019007da210": "Larry Ellison", + "57286951ff5b5019007da211": "Larry Ellison, Goldman Sachs and MF Global CEO as well as former Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine", + "57286951ff5b5019007da212": "James O", + "57286ab72ca10214002da31e": "Saul Alinsky", + "57286ab72ca10214002da31f": "David Axelrod", + "57286ab72ca10214002da320": "Robert Bork", + "57286ab72ca10214002da321": "Masaaki Shirakawa", + "57286ab72ca10214002da322": "Eliot Ness", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d4": "Allan Bloom", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d6": "Kurt Vonnegut", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d2": "Lauren Oliver", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d5": "Allan Bloom", + "57286bf84b864d19001649d3": "Philip Roth", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e0": "Philip Glass", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e1": "Alex Seropian", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e2": "Halo", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e3": "Ed Asner", + "57286d7d4b864d19001649e4": "Mike Nichols", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d1": "Carl Sagan, a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life,", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d2": "Edwin Hubble, known for \"Hubble's Law\"", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d3": "David Suzuki", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d4": "Goodenough, mathematician and Fields Medal recipient Paul Joseph Cohen,", + "57286ec63acd2414000df9d5": "Clair Cameron Patterson", + "572870b2ff5b5019007da222": "Paul Samuelson", + "572870b2ff5b5019007da223": "Margaret Thatcher", + "572870b2ff5b5019007da224": "Paul Samuelson", + "572870b2ff5b5019007da225": "Eugene Fama", + "572871bc4b864d1900164a04": "David Graeber and Donald Johanson,", + "572871bc4b864d1900164a05": "Samuel Reshevsky", + "572871bc4b864d1900164a06": "Samuel P. Huntington.", + "572872dd2ca10214002da37e": "Michelson", + "572872dd2ca10214002da37f": "Arthur H. Compton", + "572872dd2ca10214002da380": "Enrico Fermi", + "572872dd2ca10214002da381": "Edward Teller", + "572872dd2ca10214002da382": "Maria Goeppert", + "5728742cff5b5019007da246": "James Henry Breasted", + "5728742cff5b5019007da247": "Alberto Calder", + "5728742cff5b5019007da248": "Ted Fujita", + "5728742cff5b5019007da249": ",", + "5728742cff5b5019007da24a": "Charles Brenton Huggins and Janet Rowley", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25b": "Raghuram Rajan", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25a": "Goldman Sachs", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25c": "David Bevington", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25d": "John Mearsheimer and Robert Pape", + "5728759cff5b5019007da25e": "Neil Shubin and Paul Sereno", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b6": "the Great Yuan", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b7": "the Great Yuan", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b8": "Kublai Khan", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1b9": "Kublai Khan", + "57285ed5ff5b5019007da1ba": "1271", + "572860e03acd2414000df977": "the Mongol Empire", + "572860e03acd2414000df978": "Genghis Khan", + "572860e03acd2414000df979": "the Ming dynasty", + "572860e03acd2414000df97a": "Genghis Khan", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1dc": "Kublai Khan in 1271", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1dd": "the Commentaries on the Classic of Changes", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1de": "Dai \u00d6n Ulus", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1df": "Great Mongol State", + "57286192ff5b5019007da1e0": "the nominal title of Great Khan", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d4": "the Mongol and Turkic tribes of the steppes and became Great Khan in 1206. He and his successors expanded the Mongol empire across Asia.", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d5": "1206", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d6": "M\u00f6ngke Khan", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d7": "1251", + "572863c72ca10214002da2d8": "his brother", + "572864dd4b864d1900164976": "Liu Heima and Shi Tianze served Og\u00f6", + "572864dd4b864d1900164977": "Xiao Zhala", + "572864dd4b864d1900164978": "Liu Heima and Shi Tianze served Og\u00f6", + "572864dd4b864d1900164979": "4 Han Tumens and 3 Khitan Tumens, with each Tumen consisting of 10", + "572864dd4b864d190016497a": "4 Han Tumens and 3 Khitan Tumens, with each Tumen consisting of 10,", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2e8": "Han and Jurchen became common at this time. His father was Shi Bingzhi (\u53f2", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2e9": "the Jin dynasty", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2ea": "Han and Jurchen", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2eb": "Shi Bingzhi", + "5728661e2ca10214002da2ec": "the Song dynasty", + "572867212ca10214002da2f2": "Kublai", + "572867212ca10214002da2f3": "southern China. The Mongol force that invaded southern China was far greater than the force they sent to invade the Middle East in 1256.", + "572867212ca10214002da2f4": "1259", + "572867212ca10214002da2f5": "his brother", + "572867212ca10214002da2f6": "Zhongtong", + "572867d72ca10214002da2fc": "Ogedei", + "572867d72ca10214002da2fd": "the south", + "572867d72ca10214002da2fe": "Wonjong", + "572867d72ca10214002da2ff": "the northeast", + "572867d72ca10214002da300": "1262", + "572869b84b864d19001649ae": "preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects.", + "572869b84b864d19001649b0": "the Imperial Secretariat and left the local administrative structure of past Chinese dynasties unchanged.", + "572869b84b864d19001649b2": "the Han Chinese", + "572869b84b864d19001649b1": "the Confucian imperial examinations", + "572869b84b864d19001649af": "salt and iron", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c1": "Karakorum", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c2": "Khanbaliq in 1264", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c3": "Khanbaliq in 1264", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c4": "Khanbaliq", + "57286b003acd2414000df9c5": "Confucian propriety and ancestor veneration", + "57286bb84b864d19001649c8": "Pax Mongolica, Mongol peace, enabled the spread of technologies, commodities,", + "57286bb84b864d19001649c9": "Mongol peace", + "57286bb84b864d19001649ca": "southern China", + "57286bb84b864d19001649cb": "Daidu", + "57286bb84b864d19001649cc": "Marco Polo", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da218": "the Song Emperor", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da219": "1115\u20131234", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da21a": "1234", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da21b": "Kong Duancao", + "57286c8cff5b5019007da21c": "the Duke Yansheng Kong Duanyou fled south with the Song Emperor to Quzhou, while the newly established Jin dynasty (1115\u2013", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da328": "northern China", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da329": "1268", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da32a": "the rich Yangzi River basin", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da32b": "Hangzhou", + "57286d4f2ca10214002da32c": "Emperor Bing of Song", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da332": "1282", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da333": "\u1ea5n (later King Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o)", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da334": "Dai Viet and whose descendants established the Tr\u1ea7n dynasty which ruled Vietnam \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da335": "the Battle of B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng (1288", + "57286dfa2ca10214002da336": "1288", + "57286ead2ca10214002da346": "1253", + "57286ead2ca10214002da347": "his eldest son", + "57286ead2ca10214002da348": "1285", + "57286ead2ca10214002da349": "Chengzong", + "57286ead2ca10214002da34a": "1294 to 1307", + "57286f373acd2414000df9db": "Buyantu Khan", + "57286f373acd2414000df9dc": "many reforms", + "57286f373acd2414000df9dd": "Li Meng", + "57286f373acd2414000df9de": "the Department of State Affairs", + "57286f373acd2414000df9df": "1313", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e5": "Gegeen Khan", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e6": "1321", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e7": "Baiju", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e8": "the comprehensive institutions of the Great Yuan\"", + "57286fa83acd2414000df9e9": "five princes", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35a": "Shangdu in 1328", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35b": "the War of the Two Capitals", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35c": "four days", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35d": "Dawlat Shah", + "5728705c2ca10214002da35e": "Tugh Tem\u00fcr", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9ef": "his cultural contribution", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9f0": "the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9f1": "1329", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9f2": "Jingshi Dadian", + "5728710c3acd2414000df9f3": "Confucianism and promoting Chinese cultural values.", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa03": "1332", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa04": "Ningzong", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa05": "13", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa06": "nine", + "572871bd3acd2414000dfa07": "official histories of the Liao, Jin,", + "572872822ca10214002da374": "intrigues and rivalries", + "572872822ca10214002da375": "the Yuan dynasty", + "572872822ca10214002da376": "the army and the populace", + "572872822ca10214002da377": "intrigues and rivalries", + "572872822ca10214002da378": "intrigues and rivalries", + "57287338ff5b5019007da232": "the Red Turban Rebellion", + "57287338ff5b5019007da233": "the Red Turban Rebellion", + "57287338ff5b5019007da234": "fear of betrayal", + "57287338ff5b5019007da235": "Toghun Tem\u00fcr", + "57287338ff5b5019007da236": "1354", + "572878942ca10214002da3a2": "political unity", + "572878942ca10214002da3a3": "political unity", + "572878942ca10214002da3a4": "the Ilkhanate", + "572878942ca10214002da3a5": "Eastern crops such as carrots, turnips, new varieties of lemons, eggplants,", + "572879574b864d1900164a14": "Western musical instruments", + "572879574b864d1900164a15": "Nestorianism and Roman Catholicism also enjoyed a period of toleration. Buddhism (especially Tibetan Buddhism) flourished,", + "572879574b864d1900164a16": "Taoism", + "572879574b864d1900164a17": "Confucian governmental practices and examinations", + "572879574b864d1900164a18": "scientific education", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a28": "the Venetian Marco Polo", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a29": "Cambaluc", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2a": "the Travels of Marco Polo", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2b": "Il milione", + "57287b4a4b864d1900164a2c": "the Travels of Marco Polo", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d0": "Guo Shoujing", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d1": "26 seconds", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d2": "extensive public works", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d3": "Beijing", + "57287c142ca10214002da3d4": "sorghum", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3da": "Kublai Khan", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3db": "the Eternal Heaven", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dc": "the Song dynasty", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3dd": "the Song dynasty and the Ming dynasty", + "57287ccb2ca10214002da3de": "a period of foreign domination", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e4": "civil and military jurisdictions, due to the Mongol traditional reliance on military institutions and offices as the core of governance.", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e5": "the Yuan bureaucracy", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e6": "Liu Bingzhong and Yao Shu", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e7": "the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority", + "57287d4a2ca10214002da3e8": "central and local government institutions, however, showed a major overlap between the civil and military jurisdictions,", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa3f": "the Privy Council", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa40": "Sui and Tang dynasties", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa41": "Mongols and Semuren", + "57287ddf3acd2414000dfa42": "the Privy Council", + "57287e512ca10214002da3f8": "1269", + "57287e512ca10214002da3f9": "Mongolian, Tibetan,", + "57287e512ca10214002da3fa": "written Chinese,", + "57287e512ca10214002da3fb": "a Tangut", + "57287e512ca10214002da3fc": "Wenzong", + "57287ee3ff5b5019007da274": "1290", + "57287ee3ff5b5019007da275": "1291", + "57287ee3ff5b5019007da276": "debt slavery", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa51": "arts and culture", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa52": "poetry and the zaju variety show.", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa53": "the Tang dynasty and Song dynasty, which have often been better preserved in places such as the Sh\u014d", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa54": "the qu form of poetry and the zaju variety show", + "57287f6a3acd2414000dfa55": "the zaju variety show", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3c": "the western khanates", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3d": "Buddhism", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3e": ". The establishment of the Yuan dynasty had dramatically increased the number of Muslims in China.", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a3f": "the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs", + "57287fec4b864d1900164a40": "the Sakya sect", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a46": "1249", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a47": "1314", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a48": "a method of elimination", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a49": "polynomial algebra", + "5728804b4b864d1900164a4a": "1303", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40c": "mathematics", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40d": "mathematics", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40e": "the Shoushi Li", + "5728809f2ca10214002da40f": "the Shoushi Li", + "5728809f2ca10214002da410": "1281", + "572881022ca10214002da416": "physicians of the Yuan court", + "572881022ca10214002da417": "herbal remedies", + "572881022ca10214002da418": "herbal remedies,", + "572881022ca10214002da419": "the Imperial Academy of Medicine", + "572881022ca10214002da41a": "a high income and medical ethics", + "572881704b864d1900164a50": "Four Great Schools", + "572881704b864d1900164a51": "the Jin dynasty", + "572881704b864d1900164a52": "the Yuan period", + "572881704b864d1900164a53": "acupuncture, moxibustion, pulse diagnosis,", + "572881704b864d1900164a54": "1347", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5a": "Chinese medicine", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5b": "Jesus the Interpreter", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5c": "1263", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5d": "its humoral system", + "572881d34b864d1900164a5e": "traditional Chinese medicine. No Chinese translation of Western medical works is known,", + "572882242ca10214002da420": "Kingdom of Qocho and Tibetan intermediaries", + "572882242ca10214002da421": "Wang Zhen", + "572882242ca10214002da422": "the 12th century", + "572882242ca10214002da423": "T\u00f6regene Khatun", + "572882242ca10214002da424": "1273", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42a": "chao", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42b": "bark of mulberry trees", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42c": "1275", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42d": "woodblocks", + "5728827b2ca10214002da42e": "1294", + "572883153acd2414000dfa6f": "patrimonial feudalism", + "572883153acd2414000dfa70": "the traditional Chinese elite", + "572883153acd2414000dfa71": "Mongols and Semuren were given certain advantages in the dynasty,", + "572883153acd2414000dfa72": "fear of transferring power to the ethnic Chinese under their rule. The Mongols and Semuren were given certain advantages in the dynasty,", + "572883153acd2414000dfa73": "the Ilkhanate", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa79": "Han Chinese and Khitans", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7a": "Han Chinese and Khitans", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7b": "Besh Baliq", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7c": "artisans and farmers. Alans were recruited into the Mongol forces with one unit called \"Right Alan Guard\" which was combined with \"recently surrendered\"", + "572883a33acd2414000dfa7d": "Ahai", + "57288428ff5b5019007da28e": "corruption", + "57288428ff5b5019007da28f": "Halal slaughter", + "57288428ff5b5019007da290": "Zhu Yuanzhang", + "57288428ff5b5019007da291": "a Chinese surname", + "57288428ff5b5019007da292": "Muslims in the semu class", + "5728848cff5b5019007da298": ",", + "5728848cff5b5019007da299": "social power and wealth,", + "5728848cff5b5019007da29a": ".", + "5728848cff5b5019007da29b": "poverty and were ill treated.", + "572885023acd2414000dfa83": ",", + "572885023acd2414000dfa84": "southern China", + "572885023acd2414000dfa85": "the date they surrendered to the Mongols", + "572885023acd2414000dfa86": "the date they surrendered to the Mongols", + "572885023acd2414000dfa87": "southern Chinese", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8d": "the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8e": "the Korean King", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa8f": "the Uighur King of Qocho", + "5728855d3acd2414000dfa90": "the Korean King objected,", + "572885c44b864d1900164a78": "The Central Region", + "572885c44b864d1900164a79": "the Central Secretariat", + "572885c44b864d1900164a7a": "Khanbaliq", + "572885c44b864d1900164a7b": "the Central Secretariat", + "572885c44b864d1900164a7c": "Zhongshu Sheng", + "5728dab94b864d1900164f96": "the equator", + "5728dab94b864d1900164f97": "the East African Community", + "5728dab94b864d1900164f98": "Nairobi", + "5728dab94b864d1900164f99": "Tanzania", + "5728dab94b864d1900164f9a": "45 million people", + "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dc": "warm and humid tropical climate on its Indian Ocean coastline. The climate is cooler in the savannah grasslands around the capital city, Nairobi,", + "5728de0e2ca10214002da9dd": "warm and humid tropical climate on its Indian Ocean coastline.", + "5728de0e2ca10214002da9de": "Mount Kenya", + "5728de0e2ca10214002da9df": "Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Kenya is known for its safaris, diverse climate and geography,", + "5728de0e2ca10214002da9e0": "its safaris", + "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac2": "the Lower Paleolithic period", + "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac3": "the first millennium AD", + "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac4": "Bantu and Nilotic populations", + "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac5": "the 19th century", + "5728ef8d2ca10214002daac6": "December 1963", + "5728f5376aef0514001548c4": "Mount Kenya", + "5728f5376aef0514001548c5": "the name Kenya", + "5728f5376aef0514001548c6": "God's resting place\" in all three languages.", + "5728f9342ca10214002dab52": "Kenia and Kegnia", + "5728f9342ca10214002dab53": "the Kamba", + "5728f9342ca10214002dab54": "Joseph Thompsons", + "5728f9342ca10214002dab55": "1862", + "5728f9cf4b864d1900165166": "cer", + "5728f9cf4b864d1900165167": "game animals of Africa, that is the lion, leopard, buffalo, rhinoceros,", + "5728f9cf4b864d1900165168": "Kenya and in the Masai Mara", + "5728f9cf4b864d1900165169": "June and September", + "5728f9cf4b864d190016516a": "the Serengeti", + "5728fa576aef051400154920": "the Pleistocene epoch", + "5728fa576aef051400154921": "the Pleistocene epoch", + "5728fa576aef051400154922": "Richard Leakey", + "5728fa576aef051400154923": "Richard Leakey", + "5728fa576aef051400154924": "Mary Leakey and Louis Leakey", + "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3b": "The Swahili", + "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3c": "Mombasa", + "5728fd9b3f37b31900477f3d": "Duarte Barbosa", + "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef5": "the Kenyan Coast", + "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef6": "the City of Malindi", + "5728fea1af94a219006a9ef7": "the 14th century", + "5729024f1d04691400778f5f": "August 1914", + "5729024f1d04691400778f60": "the governors of British East Africa (as the Protectorate was generally known)", + "5729024f1d04691400778f61": "Lt Col Paul von Lettow", + "5729024f1d04691400778f62": "guerrilla warfare", + "5729024f1d04691400778f63": "Northern Rhodesia", + "572903d96aef0514001549a4": "Kenya", + "572903d96aef0514001549a5": "white settlers living in Kenya in the 1950s.", + "572903d96aef0514001549a6": "the landless were granted less and less land in exchange for their labour.", + "572903d96aef0514001549a7": "80", + "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4d": "15 January 1954", + "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4e": "Operation Anvil", + "5729046aaf94a219006a9f4f": "24 April 1954", + "5729046aaf94a219006a9f50": "War\u0169hi\u0169 Itote", + "5729046aaf94a219006a9f51": "the Swynnerton Plan", + "572906e23f37b31900477f8d": "1957", + "572906e23f37b31900477f8e": "Jomo Kenyatta", + "572906e23f37b31900477f8f": "1957", + "572906e23f37b31900477f90": "12 December 1963", + "572906e23f37b31900477f91": "Republic of Kenya", + "572909406aef0514001549dc": "only one political party", + "572909406aef0514001549dd": "constitutional reform", + "572909406aef0514001549de": "Daniel arap Moi", + "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc5": "the executive and the legislature.", + "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc6": "the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-", + "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc7": "The President is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-", + "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc8": "the National Assembly", + "572909ebaf94a219006a9fc9": "the judiciary", + "57290b21af94a219006a9fcf": "Transparency International", + "57290b21af94a219006a9fd0": "Corruption Perception Index", + "57290b21af94a219006a9fd1": "139th", + "57290b21af94a219006a9fd2": "Transparency International", + "57290d811d04691400778fcf": "the Party of National Unity", + "57290d811d04691400778fd0": "Raila Odinga", + "57290d811d04691400778fd1": "complicity", + "57290d811d04691400778fd2": "Raila Odinga", + "57290e153f37b31900477fd9": "the Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation process", + "57290e153f37b31900477fda": "the government and civil society organisations started programmes to avoid similar disasters in the future, said Agnes R. M. Aboum \u2013", + "57290e153f37b31900477fdb": "the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Kenya", + "57290e153f37b31900477fdc": "the Kenya National Dialogue and Reconciliation", + "57290ee2af94a219006a9fff": "28 February 2008", + "57290ee2af94a219006aa000": "Prime Minister", + "57290ee2af94a219006aa001": "both PNU and ODM camps", + "57290ee2af94a219006aa002": "Kibaki and Odinga", + "57290ee2af94a219006aa003": "the end of the current Parliament", + "57290f963f37b31900477feb": "the Government and will be occupied by an elected MP who will be the leader of the party or coalition with majority members in Parliament.", + "57290f963f37b31900477fec": "Annan", + "57290f963f37b31900477fed": "Harambee House", + "57290f963f37b31900477fee": "29 February 2008", + "57290f963f37b31900477fef": "the formation of the grand coalition", + "572913626aef051400154a30": "4 August 2010", + "572913626aef051400154a31": "4 August 2010", + "572913626aef051400154a32": "the new constitution heralding the Second Republic came into force.", + "572913626aef051400154a33": "27 August 2010", + "572913626aef051400154a34": "27 August 2010", + "572914441d04691400779025": "December 2014", + "572914441d04691400779026": "the Jubillee Coalition", + "572914441d04691400779027": "President Uhuru Kenyatta", + "572914441d04691400779028": "the Jubillee Coalition", + "572914441d04691400779029": "President Uhuru Kenyatta", + "572914f46aef051400154a46": "President Kenyatta", + "572914f46aef051400154a47": "US President Barack Obama", + "572914f46aef051400154a48": "China", + "572914f46aef051400154a49": "July 2015", + "572915621d0469140077902f": "peacekeeping missions", + "572915621d04691400779030": "the Waki Commission", + "572915621d04691400779031": "human rights violations", + "572915e43f37b31900478005": "the armed forces", + "572915e43f37b31900478006": "public scrutiny and notoriety. This has changed recently.", + "572915e43f37b31900478007": "recruitment and procurement of Armoured Personnel Carriers. Further, the wisdom and prudence of certain decisions of procurement have been publicly questioned.", + "572915e43f37b31900478008": "the wisdom and prudence of certain decisions of procurement", + "572916f16aef051400154a56": "a Human Development Index", + "572916f16aef051400154a57": "Kenya is the biggest and most advanced economy in east and central Africa,", + "572916f16aef051400154a58": ".", + "572916f16aef051400154a59": "a frontier market", + "572917743f37b3190047800d": "tremendous growth in the service sector", + "572917743f37b3190047800f": "food security", + "572917743f37b31900478010": "industry and manufacturing sectors only employ 25% of the labour force but contribute 75% of GDP.", + "572917743f37b3190047800e": "22", + "572917ff6aef051400154a5e": "tourism.", + "572917ff6aef051400154a5f": "tourism", + "572917ff6aef051400154a60": "several years", + "572917ff6aef051400154a62": "the coastal beaches and the game reserves, notably, the expansive East and West Tsavo National Park 20,808 square kilometres (", + "572917ff6aef051400154a61": "Germany and the United Kingdom", + "572918bd3f37b31900478016": "-related fluctuations. Production downturns periodically necessitate food aid\u2014", + "572918bd3f37b31900478017": "-related fluctuations. Production downturns periodically necessitate food aid\u2014", + "572918bd3f37b31900478015": "agriculture", + "572918bd3f37b31900478018": "weather", + "57291a7b1d0469140077903f": "ICRISAT", + "57291a7b1d04691400779040": "ICRISAT", + "57291a7b1d04691400779041": "local seed production", + "57291a7b1d04691400779042": "the commercialisation of legumes", + "57291a7b1d04691400779043": "poverty", + "57291b461d04691400779049": "Kenya", + "57291b461d0469140077904a": "), a significant portion of the population regularly starves and is heavily dependent on food aid. Poor roads, an inadequate railway network, under-", + "57291b461d0469140077904b": "agriculture", + "57291b461d0469140077904c": "53% of the population lives below the poverty line)", + "57291b461d0469140077904d": "the Kenyans for Kenya", + "57291beb1d04691400779053": "Kenya", + "57291beb1d04691400779054": "14", + "57291beb1d04691400779055": "Mombasa and Kisumu, is dominated by food-processing industries such as grain milling, beer production, and sugarcane crushing,", + "57291beb1d04691400779056": "manufacturing of household goods", + "57291d9e3f37b31900478035": "the US Government", + "57291d9e3f37b31900478036": "2000", + "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09b": "hydroelectric stations at dams along the upper Tana River,", + "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09c": "the upper Tana River", + "57291dfaaf94a219006aa09d": "1997", + "57291f153f37b31900478043": "Turkana", + "57291f153f37b31900478044": "10 billion barrels", + "57291f153f37b31900478045": "Exploration", + "57291f153f37b31900478046": ".", + "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b1": "474 million, representing Kenya's largest source of foreign direct investment,", + "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b2": "President Kenyatta", + "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b3": "the railway project", + "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b4": "Base Titanium", + "57291fb4af94a219006aa0b5": "environmental and social problems", + "57292046af94a219006aa0bb": "climate change", + "57292046af94a219006aa0bc": "a National Climate Change Action Plan", + "57292046af94a219006aa0bd": "a National Climate Change Action Plan", + "57292046af94a219006aa0be": "a National Climate Change Action Plan", + "57292046af94a219006aa0bf": "a National Climate Change Action Plan", + "572920d73f37b31900478055": ".", + "572920d73f37b31900478056": "9\u201318", + "572920d73f37b31900478057": "9\u201318", + "572920d73f37b31900478058": "the lack of access to education and weak government institutions", + "572921646aef051400154a78": "English and Swahili", + "572921646aef051400154a79": "English and Swahili", + "572921646aef051400154a7a": "in rural areas speaking only their native languages. British English is primarily used in the country.", + "572921646aef051400154a7b": "Kenya", + "572922206aef051400154a8a": ". Notably, Kenya has the highest number of Quakers in the world,", + "572922206aef051400154a8b": ". Notably, Kenya has the highest number of Quakers in the world, with around 133,000 members.", + "572922206aef051400154a8c": "3 million", + "572922206aef051400154a8d": "Nairobi", + "57292449af94a219006aa0dd": ". In addition, there is a large Hindu population in Kenya (around 300,000)", + "57292449af94a219006aa0de": ")", + "57292449af94a219006aa0df": "Christian", + "57292449af94a219006aa0e0": "Indian origin", + "572924b53f37b31900478067": "nurses", + "572924b53f37b31900478068": "-served urban areas.", + "572924b53f37b31900478069": "65", + "572924b53f37b3190047806a": "43 million people (These figures from official registers include those who have died or left the profession hence the actual number of these workers may be lower).", + "572925491d046914007790c3": "Diseases of poverty", + "572925491d046914007790c4": "Half of Kenyans live below the poverty level. Preventable diseases like malaria, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, diarr", + "572925491d046914007790c5": "diseases like malaria, HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, diarrhoea and malnutrition are the biggest burden, major child-killers,", + "572925491d046914007790c6": "weak management and poor leadership in the public health sector are largely to blame.", + "572925491d046914007790c7": "15 million", + "572925a81d046914007790cd": "British colonists", + "572925a81d046914007790ce": "1964 and 1985", + "572925a81d046914007790cf": "the Ominde Commission", + "572925a81d046914007790d0": "identity and unity", + "572925a81d046914007790d1": "the 7\u20134\u20132\u20133", + "572926086aef051400154ac2": "the reforming of the entire education system", + "572926086aef051400154ac3": "the 7\u20134\u20132\u20133 system", + "572926086aef051400154ac4": "the 8\u20134\u20134 system", + "572926086aef051400154ac5": "1992", + "572926653f37b31900478079": "January 1985", + "572926653f37b3190047807a": "vocational subjects", + "572926653f37b3190047807b": "8\u20134\u2013", + "572926653f37b3190047807c": "January 2003", + "572926653f37b3190047807d": "primary school enrolment", + "572926d23f37b31900478083": "six years", + "572926d23f37b31900478084": "age six years and lasts 12 years comprising eight years in primary school and four years in high school or secondary school.", + "572926d23f37b31900478085": "education", + "572926d23f37b31900478086": "education", + "5729276c1d046914007790d7": ")", + "5729276c1d046914007790d8": "three to five", + "5729276c1d046914007790d9": "admission to Standard One (First Grade)", + "5729276c1d046914007790da": "literacy level", + "5729276c1d046914007790db": "the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education", + "572927d06aef051400154ade": "the Kenya National Library Service", + "572927d06aef051400154adf": "National and Public Library Services", + "572927d06aef051400154ae0": "curriculum led learning, there are also National and Public Library Services led by the Kenya National Library Service (KNLS)", + "572927d06aef051400154ae1": "curriculum led learning, there are also National and Public Library Services led by the Kenya National Library Service (KNLS)", + "5729281baf94a219006aa11f": "several sports, among them cricket, rallying, football, rugby union and boxing.", + "5729281baf94a219006aa120": "athletics", + "5729281baf94a219006aa121": "Kenyan athletes", + "5729281baf94a219006aa122": "Morocco and Ethiopia", + "572928bf6aef051400154af0": "six", + "572928bf6aef051400154af1": "several medals", + "572928bf6aef051400154af2": "the IAAF Golden League", + "572928bf6aef051400154af3": "the defection of a number of Kenyan athletes", + "572928bf6aef051400154af4": "economic or financial factors", + "5729293d3f37b3190047809f": "volleyball", + "5729293d3f37b319004780a0": "volleyball", + "5729293d3f37b319004780a1": "2003", + "5729293d3f37b319004780a2": "Rakep Patel", + "5729293d3f37b319004780a3": "March 2007", + "57292994af94a219006aa131": "motor rallying arena, Kenya is home to the world famous Safari Rally", + "57292994af94a219006aa132": "Safari Rally", + "57292994af94a219006aa133": "Colin McRae", + "572929d56aef051400154b0a": "three meals in a day \u2013 breakfast in the morning (kiamsha kinywa)", + "572929d56aef051400154b0b": "4 pm", + "572929d56aef051400154b0c": "tea or porridge", + "572929d56aef051400154b0d": "three meals in a day \u2013", + "57293b843f37b31900478133": "The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change", + "57293b843f37b31900478134": "the WMO and UNEP", + "57293b843f37b31900478135": "greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere", + "57293b843f37b31900478136": "the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change", + "57293b843f37b31900478137": "the United Nations General Assembly", + "57293bc91d0469140077919b": "Hoesung Lee", + "57293bc91d0469140077919c": "Korean", + "57293bc91d0469140077919d": "Ismail El Gizouli", + "57293bc91d0469140077919e": "Bert Bolin", + "57293bc91d0469140077919f": "February 2015", + "57293c246aef051400154bb8": "government representatives", + "57293c246aef051400154bb9": "350 government officials and climate change experts. After the opening ceremonies, closed plenary sessions were held. The meeting report states there were 322", + "57293c246aef051400154bba": "government officials and climate change experts. After the opening ceremonies, closed plenary sessions were held.", + "57293c246aef051400154bbb": "322", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815b": "1989", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815c": "the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815e": "the United Nations", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815f": "the Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO", + "57293ca73f37b3190047815d": "the IPCC Trust Fund, established in 1989 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization", + "57293d116aef051400154bc8": "further research", + "57293d116aef051400154bc9": "published sources", + "57293d116aef051400154bca": "published sources.", + "57293d116aef051400154bcb": "grey literature", + "57293d6d1d046914007791b7": "two", + "57293d6d1d046914007791b8": "ten to fifteen", + "57293d6d1d046914007791b9": "ten to fifteen", + "57293d6d1d046914007791ba": "the Working Group", + "57293d6d1d046914007791bb": "the Working Group chairs", + "57293e221d046914007791d5": "emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases, resulting on average in an additional warming of the Earth's surface.", + "57293e221d046914007791d6": "the enhanced greenhouse effect", + "57293e221d046914007791d7": "CO2", + "57293e221d046914007791d8": "WG I", + "57293e221d046914007791d9": "about 0.3 \u00b0C", + "57293e983f37b3190047818b": "2001", + "57293e983f37b3190047818c": "16 national science academies", + "57293e983f37b3190047818d": "Science", + "57293e983f37b3190047818e": "16 national science academies issued a joint statement on climate change.", + "57293e983f37b3190047818f": "1.4 and 5.8 \u00b0C", + "57293f353f37b3190047819b": "Richard Lindzen", + "57293f353f37b3190047819c": "John Houghton", + "57293f353f37b3190047819d": "John Houghton", + "57293f353f37b3190047819e": "Richard Lindzen", + "57293f353f37b3190047819f": "scientific evidence", + "57293f8a6aef051400154bde": "preparation and approval process", + "57293f8a6aef051400154bdf": "2011", + "57293f8a6aef051400154be0": "2011", + "57293f8a6aef051400154be1": "two IPCC Special Report were finalized, the Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation (SRREN)", + "572940246aef051400154bec": "the preparation of the assessment reports", + "572940246aef051400154bed": "default emission factors", + "572940246aef051400154bee": "default emission factors, which are factors used to derive emissions estimates based on the levels of fuel consumption, industrial production and so on.", + "572940246aef051400154bef": "WMO Executive Council", + "572940973f37b319004781a5": "The date of 2035", + "572940973f37b319004781a6": "The date of 2035", + "572940973f37b319004781a7": "The date of 2035", + "572940973f37b319004781a8": "the WWF report", + "572941273f37b319004781ad": "alleged mistakes, which were \"generally unfounded and also marginal to the assessment\"", + "572941273f37b319004781ae": "overstating the impact. That is worrying. The IPCC needs to look at this trend in the errors and ask why it happened", + "572941273f37b319004781af": "alleged mistakes", + "572941273f37b319004781b0": "climate change", + "572941273f37b319004781b1": "Martin Parry", + "57294209af94a219006aa201": "1999", + "57294209af94a219006aa202": "a 1999 paper by Michael E. Mann, Raymond S. Bradley and Malcolm K. Hughes (MBH99)", + "57294209af94a219006aa203": "the MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2.21 of the IPCC report.", + "57294209af94a219006aa204": "the MBH99 reconstruction in Figure 2.21 of the IPCC report.", + "57294279af94a219006aa209": "1000 and 1900", + "57294279af94a219006aa20a": "Fred Singer", + "57294279af94a219006aa20b": "Capitol Hill", + "57294279af94a219006aa20c": "18 July 2000", + "57294279af94a219006aa20d": "Wibj\u00f6rn Karl", + "572943ab1d04691400779219": "Joe Barton", + "572943ab1d0469140077921a": "Ed Whitfield", + "572943ab1d0469140077921b": "23 June 2005", + "572943ab1d0469140077921c": "Sherwood Boehlert", + "572943ab1d0469140077921d": "Sherwood Boehlert", + "572944e03f37b319004781e2": "2001", + "572944e03f37b319004781e1": "2007", + "572944e03f37b319004781e4": "14", + "572944e03f37b319004781e5": "the divergence problem", + "572944e03f37b319004781e3": "14", + "572945b11d0469140077922f": "1 February 2007", + "572945b11d04691400779230": "temperature and sea level change", + "572945b11d04691400779231": "a study was published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates proposed during the last IPCC report in 2001.", + "572945b11d04691400779232": "temperature and sea level change", + "572949306aef051400154c68": "9\u201388 cm as projected by the IPCC itself in its Third Assessment Report, published in 2001\". This may have been due,", + "572949306aef051400154c69": "9\u201388 cm", + "572949306aef051400154c6a": "9\u201388 cm", + "572949306aef051400154c6b": "2001", + "57294baaaf94a219006aa26b": "the IPCC consensus approach", + "57294baaaf94a219006aa26c": "Science Magazine", + "57294baaaf94a219006aa26d": "the IPCC consensus approach", + "57294e6b1d04691400779275": "the Montreal Protocol", + "57294e6b1d04691400779276": "climate change", + "57294e6b1d04691400779277": "states and governments", + "5729506d6aef051400154cac": "Sheldon Ungar", + "5729506d6aef051400154cad": "regional burden sharing conflicts", + "5729506d6aef051400154cae": "regional burden sharing conflicts", + "5729506d6aef051400154caf": "the UK government", + "5729517d6aef051400154cc8": "scientific papers and independently documented results from other scientific bodies", + "5729517d6aef051400154cc9": "significant new evidence", + "5729517d6aef051400154cca": "the IPCC", + "572951f16aef051400154cce": "five climate scientists", + "572951f16aef051400154ccf": "Nature", + "572951f16aef051400154cd0": "tightening the selection of lead authors and contributors, to dumping it in favor of a small permanent body,", + "572951f16aef051400154cd1": "five climate scientists", + "572953013f37b3190047824d": "photosynthesis", + "572953013f37b3190047824e": "energy from sunlight", + "572953013f37b3190047824f": "energy from sunlight", + "572953013f37b31900478250": "the Calvin cycle", + "572953013f37b31900478251": "1", + "5729544c3f37b31900478257": "cell division", + "5729544c3f37b31900478258": "environmental factors", + "5729544c3f37b31900478259": "their own DNA", + "5729544c3f37b3190047825a": "a photosynthetic cyanobacterium", + "5729544c3f37b3190047825b": "cell division", + "572956c86aef051400154d1a": "plants and algae.", + "572956c86aef051400154d1b": "Russian biologist", + "572956c86aef051400154d1c": "the Russian biologist", + "572956c86aef051400154d1d": "1905", + "572956c86aef051400154d1e": "Konstantin Mereschkowski", + "572957361d046914007792cf": "Cyanobacteria are considered the ancestors of chloroplasts.", + "572957361d046914007792d0": "prokaryotes. They are a diverse phylum of bacteria capable of carrying out photosynthesis, and are gram-negative,", + "572957361d046914007792d2": "two cell membranes", + "572957361d046914007792d3": "a peptidoglycan cell wall", + "572957361d046914007792d1": ",", + "572957ad1d046914007792d9": "an early eukaryotic cell", + "572957ad1d046914007792da": "a billion years ago", + "572957ad1d046914007792db": "the outer and inner membranes of the ancestral cyanobacterium's gram negative cell wall,", + "572957ad1d046914007792dc": "the phagosomal membrane", + "572957ad1d046914007792dd": "many of its genes", + "5729582b1d046914007792e3": "primary chloroplasts belong to one of three chloroplast lineages\u2014", + "5729582b1d046914007792e4": "three", + "5729582b1d046914007792e5": "red algal chloroplast lineage, or the chloroplastidan, or green chloroplast lineage.", + "5729582b1d046914007792e6": "one of three chloroplast lineages\u2014", + "5729582b1d046914007792e7": "the green chloroplast lineage", + "572958cc6aef051400154d2a": "glaucophyte chloroplasts and cyanobacteria keep their carbon fixation enzyme rubisco in.", + "572958cc6aef051400154d2b": "a glaucophyte", + "572958cc6aef051400154d2c": "a peptidoglycan wall between their double membranes, like their cyanobacterial parent.", + "572958cc6aef051400154d2d": "a carboxysome", + "572958cc6aef051400154d2e": "an icosahedral structure", + "57295a116aef051400154d44": "chlorophyll a and phycobilins for photosynthetic pigments", + "57295a116aef051400154d45": "chlorophyll a and phycobilins for photosynthetic pigments", + "57295a116aef051400154d46": "phycobilin phycoerytherin", + "57295a116aef051400154d47": "photosynthetic pigments; the phycobilin phycoerytherin is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color.", + "57295a116aef051400154d48": "starch", + "57295b5b1d04691400779315": "phycobilisomes", + "57295b5b1d04691400779316": "accessory pigments", + "57295b5b1d04691400779317": "the peptidoglycan wall", + "57295b5b1d04691400779318": "use in chloroplast division", + "57295b5b1d04691400779319": "chlorophyll b", + "572961f61d04691400779359": "two cyanobacterial membranes", + "572961f61d0469140077935a": "the two cyanobacterial membranes", + "572961f61d0469140077935b": "a nonphotosynthetic eukaryote engulfed a chloroplast-containing alga but failed to digest it\u2014", + "572961f61d0469140077935c": "two cyanobacterial membranes", + "572961f61d0469140077935d": "its chloroplast", + "572962953f37b319004782f5": "three membranes", + "572962953f37b319004782f6": ",", + "572962953f37b319004782f7": "groups of three", + "572962953f37b319004782f8": "Starch", + "572962953f37b319004782f9": "the membrane of the primary endosymbiont", + "572963221d04691400779385": "cryptomonads", + "572963221d04691400779386": "cryptophyte chloroplasts is a pyrenoid and thylakoids in stacks of two.", + "572963221d04691400779387": "a nucleomorph", + "572963221d04691400779388": "the periplastid space", + "572963221d04691400779389": "stacks of two", + "572963876aef051400154dd2": "the helicosproidia, they're parasitic, and have a nonphotosynthetic chloroplast.", + "572963876aef051400154dd3": "another group of chromalveolates. Like the helicosproidia, they're parasitic,", + "572963876aef051400154dd4": "the malaria parasite", + "572963876aef051400154dd5": "a vestigial red algal derived chloroplast", + "572963876aef051400154dd6": "amylopectin starch granules", + "5729645b3f37b31900478321": "fatty acids", + "5729645b3f37b31900478322": "-sulfur clusters,", + "5729645b3f37b31900478323": "photosynthesis", + "5729645b3f37b31900478324": "photosynthetic function", + "5729645b3f37b31900478325": "four membranes", + "572965566aef051400154e00": "the carotenoid pigment peridinin in their chloroplasts,", + "572965566aef051400154e01": ". Most of the genome has migrated to the nucleus, and only critical photosynthesis-related genes remain in the chloroplast.", + "572965566aef051400154e02": "three membranes (occasionally two)", + "572965566aef051400154e03": "three membranes (occasionally two)", + "572965e73f37b3190047832b": "fucoxanthin dinophyte", + "572965e73f37b3190047832c": "fucoxanthin dinophyte", + "572965e73f37b3190047832d": "four membranes", + "572965e73f37b3190047832e": "a six membraned chloroplast", + "572966626aef051400154e13": "a cryptophyte", + "572966626aef051400154e14": "its nucleomorph", + "572966626aef051400154e12": "phycobilin", + "572966626aef051400154e15": "phycobilin", + "572966ebaf94a219006aa391": "heterokontophyte", + "572966ebaf94a219006aa392": "the red algal derived chloroplast", + "572966ebaf94a219006aa393": "five membranes", + "572966ebaf94a219006aa394": "five membranes,", + "572966ebaf94a219006aa395": "granules", + "572967e31d046914007793b1": "the dinophyte nucleus", + "572967e31d046914007793b2": "Lepidodinium viride", + "572967e31d046914007793b3": "a chloroplast", + "572967e31d046914007793b4": "a green algal derived chloroplast", + "572967e31d046914007793b5": "a green algal derived chloroplast (more specifically, a prasinophyte)", + "5729686d1d046914007793c1": "the early stages of endosymbiosis", + "5729686d1d046914007793c2": "endosymbiosis", + "5729686d1d046914007793c3": "a million base pairs", + "5729686d1d046914007793c4": "850 protein encoding genes", + "5729686d1d046914007793c5": "three", + "572968cf1d046914007793cb": "ctDNA", + "572968cf1d046914007793cc": "ctDNA", + "572968cf1d046914007793cd": "1962", + "572968cf1d046914007793ce": "1986", + "572968cf1d046914007793cf": "two Japanese research teams", + "57296977af94a219006aa3bd": "inverted repeats", + "57296977af94a219006aa3be": "direct repeats", + "57296977af94a219006aa3bf": "stabilize the rest of the chloroplast genome", + "572969f51d046914007793dd": "electron microscopy", + "572969f51d046914007793de": "two main models have been proposed.", + "572969f51d046914007793e0": "a double displacement loop", + "572969f51d046914007793df": "a double displacement loop", + "572969f51d046914007793e1": "a rolling circle mechanism", + "57296a65af94a219006aa3c3": "A \u2192 G deamination gradients", + "57296a65af94a219006aa3c4": "A \u2192 G deamination gradients", + "57296a65af94a219006aa3c5": "A \u2192 G deamination gradients", + "57296a65af94a219006aa3c6": "A \u2192 G deamination gradients", + "57296a65af94a219006aa3c7": "circular chromosomes", + "57296ab93f37b31900478369": "a D loop mechanism", + "57296ab93f37b3190047836a": "a D loop mechanism.", + "57296ab93f37b3190047836b": "a D loop mechanism", + "57296ab93f37b3190047836c": "a D loop mechanism", + "57296b151d046914007793f1": "Endosymbiotic gene transfer", + "57296b151d046914007793f2": "Endosymbiotic gene transfer", + "57296b151d046914007793f3": ", which was subsequently replaced by the red chloroplast.", + "57296b151d046914007793f4": ".", + "57296bf96aef051400154e52": "chloroplast DNA", + "57296bf96aef051400154e53": "chloroplast DNA", + "57296bf96aef051400154e54": ", you have to cross the cell membrane, just like if you were headed for the extracellular space.", + "57296bf96aef051400154e55": "the cell membrane", + "57296c5c3f37b3190047837f": "a ribosome", + "57296c5c3f37b31900478380": "a ribosome", + "57296c5c3f37b31900478381": "an enzyme specific to chloroplast proteins phosphorylates,", + "57296c5c3f37b31900478382": "Phosphorylation", + "57296cb21d04691400779403": "a single chloroplast", + "57296cb21d04691400779404": "5\u20138 \u03bcm", + "57296cb21d04691400779405": "1\u20133 \u03bcm", + "57296cb21d04691400779406": "a net", + "57296cb21d04691400779407": "a single chloroplast", + "57296d1b1d0469140077940d": "the outer and inner chloroplast membranes.", + "57296d1b1d0469140077940e": "cell membrane infolding", + "57296d1b1d0469140077940f": "the outer and inner chloroplast membranes.", + "57296d8d1d0469140077941d": "the inner mitochondria membrane", + "57296d8d1d0469140077941e": "proton pumps", + "57296d8d1d0469140077941f": "proton pumps and carry out oxidative phosphorylation across to generate ATP energy", + "57296d8d1d04691400779420": "the internal thylakoid system", + "57296d8d1d04691400779421": "the internal thylakoid system. Even so, in terms of \"in-out\"", + "57296de03f37b3190047839b": "Stromules are very rare in chloroplasts,", + "57296de03f37b3190047839c": "-membrane transport, because they are often branched and tangled with the endoplasmic reticulum.", + "57296de03f37b3190047839d": "some plant biologists", + "57296de03f37b3190047839e": "1962", + "57296e43af94a219006aa3e5": "the chloroplasts of C4 plants,", + "57296e43af94a219006aa3e6": "the chloroplasts of C4 plants", + "57296e43af94a219006aa3e7": "the chloroplast peripheral reticulum", + "57296e43af94a219006aa3e8": "serve as transport vesicles to shuttle stuff between the thylakoids and intermembrane space.", + "57296e43af94a219006aa3e9": "the thylakoids and intermembrane space", + "57296eb01d04691400779435": "translation initiation", + "57296eb01d04691400779436": "17 nm", + "57296eb01d04691400779437": "25 nm", + "57296eb01d04691400779438": "ribosomal RNAs", + "57296eb01d04691400779439": "translation initiation", + "57296eee6aef051400154e8e": "size variation under these conditions.", + "57296eee6aef051400154e8f": "spherical bubbles of lipids and proteins about 45\u201360 nanometers across.", + "57296eee6aef051400154e90": "lipids and proteins", + "57296eee6aef051400154e91": "45\u201360 nanometers", + "57296eee6aef051400154e92": "a lipid monolayer", + "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fb": "the thylakoid network.", + "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fc": "the thylakoid network", + "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fd": "a configuration that allows a plastoglobulus to exchange its contents with the thylakoid network.", + "57296f3caf94a219006aa3fe": "old or stressed chloroplasts, plastoglobuli tend to occur in linked groups or chains", + "57296f85af94a219006aa403": "hornworts and algae contain structures called pyrenoids.", + "57296f85af94a219006aa404": "roughly spherical and highly refractive bodies which are a site of starch accumulation in plants that contain them.", + "57296f85af94a219006aa405": "chloroplasts of some hornworts and algae contain structures called pyrenoids.", + "57296f85af94a219006aa406": "starch accumulation in plants that contain them. They consist of a matrix opaque to electrons, surrounded by two hemispherical starch", + "57296f85af94a219006aa407": "starch accumulation", + "57296fd71d0469140077943f": "the helical thylakoid model", + "57296fd71d04691400779440": "the helical thylakoid model, grana consist of a stack of flattened circular granal thylakoids that resemble pancakes.", + "57296fd71d04691400779441": "two to a hundred thylakoids,", + "57296fd71d04691400779442": "10\u2013", + "57296fd71d04691400779443": "helicoid stromal thylakoids", + "5729703d3f37b319004783bb": "light energy", + "5729703d3f37b319004783bc": "light energy", + "5729703d3f37b319004783bd": "photosynthesis", + "5729703d3f37b319004783be": "photosynthesis", + "5729703d3f37b319004783bf": "a dam turbine", + "572970916aef051400154eba": "two types of thylakoids\u2014granal thylakoids, which are arranged in grana,", + "572970916aef051400154ebb": "photosystem II protein complex", + "572970916aef051400154ebc": "two types of thylakoids\u2014", + "572970916aef051400154ebe": "flat tops and bottoms of granal thylakoids contain only the relatively flat photosystem II protein complex.", + "572970916aef051400154ebd": "about 300\u2013", + "57297103af94a219006aa423": "about thirty photosynthetic carotenoids. They help transfer and", + "57297103af94a219006aa424": "and", + "57297103af94a219006aa425": "photosynthetic carotenoids.", + "57297103af94a219006aa426": "chlorophyll a", + "57297103af94a219006aa427": "zeaxanthin", + "5729714daf94a219006aa42d": "phycobilin pigments", + "5729714daf94a219006aa42e": ".", + "5729714daf94a219006aa42f": "phycobilin pigments organized into phycobilisomes,", + "5729714daf94a219006aa430": "phycobilin pigments organized into phycobilisomes, and keep them in their thylakoid space instead.", + "5729714daf94a219006aa431": "40 nanometers", + "572971af6aef051400154ede": "an enzyme called rubisco", + "572971af6aef051400154edf": "the Calvin cycle", + "572971af6aef051400154ee0": "the Calvin cycle", + "572971af6aef051400154ee1": "the Calvin cycle", + "572971af6aef051400154ee2": "ATP energy", + "5729723c6aef051400154ee8": "each stage of photosynthesis", + "5729723c6aef051400154ee9": "photosystem II", + "5729723c6aef051400154eea": "grana and thylakoids", + "5729723c6aef051400154eeb": ", and have normal grana and thylakoids, which they use to make ATP and NADPH,", + "5729723c6aef051400154eec": "C4 photosynthesis", + "5729729a1d0469140077948b": "plant cells", + "5729729a1d0469140077948c": "the chloroplasts", + "5729729a1d0469140077948d": "parenchyma cells,", + "5729729a1d0469140077948e": "plant cells", + "5729729a1d0469140077948f": "A plant cell which contains chloroplasts", + "572972f46aef051400154ef2": ",", + "572972f46aef051400154ef3": ",", + "572972f46aef051400154ef6": "8\u201315", + "572972f46aef051400154ef4": "half a million chloroplasts.", + "572972f46aef051400154ef5": "the mesophyll layers of a leaf,", + "5729735c3f37b319004783fb": "vertical columns along the plant cell's cell wall or turning sideways so that light strikes them edge-on.", + "5729735c3f37b319004783fc": ". This reduces exposure and protects them from photooxidative damage.", + "5729735c3f37b319004783fd": "photooxidative damage", + "5729735c3f37b319004783fe": "Chloroplast movement", + "5729735c3f37b319004783ff": "Mitochondria", + "572973ccaf94a219006aa449": "two main immune responses\u2014", + "572973ccaf94a219006aa44a": "programmed cell death", + "572973ccaf94a219006aa44b": "two main immune responses\u2014the hypersensitive response, in which infected cells seal themselves off and undergo programmed cell death,", + "572973ccaf94a219006aa44c": "their photosynthetic system", + "572973ccaf94a219006aa44d": "immune responses", + "57297427af94a219006aa453": "chloroplasts", + "57297427af94a219006aa454": "cellular sensors", + "57297427af94a219006aa455": "an unknown second messenger molecule", + "57297427af94a219006aa456": "gene expression in the nucleus.", + "572974923f37b3190047840b": "its role in photosynthesis", + "572974923f37b3190047840c": "the chloroplast", + "572974923f37b3190047840d": "light energy", + "572974923f37b3190047840e": "the chloroplast is its role in photosynthesis, the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy,", + "572974923f37b3190047840f": "sugar and oxygen (O2) is made, using light energy. Photosynthesis is divided into two stages\u2014", + "572975073f37b31900478415": "chloroplast ATP synthase", + "572975073f37b31900478416": "the thylakoid system", + "572975073f37b31900478417": "a concentration gradient", + "572975073f37b31900478418": "adenosine diphosphate", + "572975073f37b31900478419": "adenosine triphosphate", + "572975511d046914007794a7": "photosystem I", + "572975511d046914007794a8": "cyclic photophosphorylation", + "572975511d046914007794a9": "photosystem I", + "572975511d046914007794aa": "more ATP than NADPH", + "572975a3af94a219006aa465": "The Calvin cycle", + "572975a3af94a219006aa466": "the end product of the dark reactions.", + "572975a3af94a219006aa467": "the end product of the dark reactions.", + "572975a3af94a219006aa468": "one out of every six", + "572976183f37b31900478431": "chloroplast starch synthesis. While linked to low photosynthesis rates", + "572976183f37b31900478432": "low photosynthesis rates", + "572976183f37b31900478433": "low photosynthesis rates", + "572976183f37b31900478434": "low photosynthesis rates", + "572976183f37b31900478435": "low photosynthesis rates", + "572976791d046914007794af": "add O2", + "572976791d046914007794b0": "Rubisco", + "572976791d046914007794b1": "Rubisco", + "572976791d046914007794b2": "Rubisco", + "572976791d046914007794b3": "chloroplast dimorphism", + "572976cfaf94a219006aa493": "the cytosol and mitochondria, probably because it has trouble crossing membranes to get to where it is needed.", + "572976cfaf94a219006aa494": "cysteine and methionine", + "572976cfaf94a219006aa495": "the chloroplast", + "572976cfaf94a219006aa496": "cysteine and methionine. Cysteine is made in the chloroplast (the proplastid too)", + "57297725af94a219006aa49b": "two terms are sometimes used interchangeably.", + "57297725af94a219006aa49c": "undifferentiated proplastids", + "57297725af94a219006aa49d": "apical meristems", + "57297725af94a219006aa49e": "chloroplasts", + "5729779b6aef051400154f62": "chloroplast formation", + "5729779b6aef051400154f63": "a plastid", + "5729779b6aef051400154f64": "a prolamellar body", + "5729779b6aef051400154f65": "a yellow chlorophyll precursor", + "5729779b6aef051400154f66": "Gymnosperms do not require light to form chloroplasts.", + "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ad": "intermediate forms are common.", + "572977fbaf94a219006aa4ae": "chloroplasts and other plastids", + "572977fbaf94a219006aa4af": "chloroplasts, like what happens when a carrot or a potato is illuminated. If a plant is injured,", + "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b0": ",", + "572977fbaf94a219006aa4b1": "chloroplasts and other plastids", + "5729784b1d046914007794c9": "MinD prevents FtsZ from linking up and forming filaments. Another protein ARC3 may also be involved,", + "5729784b1d046914007794ca": "MinD prevents FtsZ from linking up and forming filaments. Another protein ARC3 may also be involved,", + "5729784b1d046914007794cb": "MinD prevents FtsZ from linking up and forming filaments. Another protein ARC3 may also be involved,", + "5729784b1d046914007794cc": "the center of the chloroplast", + "5729784b1d046914007794cd": "MinE", + "5729789b6aef051400154f6c": ". This is when chloroplast constriction begins.\nIn a few species like Cyanidioschyzon merol\u00e6", + "5729789b6aef051400154f6d": "two", + "5729789b6aef051400154f6e": "5 nanometers", + "5729789b6aef051400154f6f": "5 nanometers", + "5729789b6aef051400154f70": "chloroplast constriction", + "572978e66aef051400154f76": "exposure to bright white light", + "572978e66aef051400154f78": "bright white light", + "572978e66aef051400154f79": ", but are slow to complete division\u2014", + "572978e66aef051400154f77": "bright white light", + "57297991af94a219006aa4b7": "plastid transformation", + "57297991af94a219006aa4b8": "biological containment", + "57297991af94a219006aa4b9": "3 in 1,000,000.", + "57297991af94a219006aa4ba": "chloroplasts have caught attention by developers of genetically modified crops.", + "57296d571d04691400779413": "1 and 5 are its only positive integer factors,", + "57296d571d04691400779414": "primes that is unique up to ordering.", + "57296d571d04691400779415": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", + "57296d571d04691400779416": "primes that is unique up to ordering.", + "57296d571d04691400779417": "1 as a prime", + "57296f293f37b319004783a3": "primality", + "57296f293f37b319004783a4": "trial division", + "57296f293f37b319004783a5": "the Miller\u2013Rabin primality test", + "57296f293f37b319004783a6": "the Miller\u2013Rabin primality test", + "57296f293f37b319004783a7": "22", + "572970c11d04691400779463": "infinitely many primes, as demonstrated by Euclid around 300 BC. There is no known simple formula that separates prime numbers from composite numbers.", + "572970c11d04691400779464": "Euclid", + "572970c11d04691400779465": "the distribution of primes", + "572970c11d04691400779466": "the prime number theorem", + "572970c11d04691400779467": "the end of the 19th century", + "5729727baf94a219006aa437": "the twin prime conjecture", + "5729727baf94a219006aa438": "the twin prime conjecture", + "5729727baf94a219006aa439": "prime numbers", + "5729727baf94a219006aa43a": "cryptography", + "5729727baf94a219006aa43b": "prime elements and prime ideals", + "572973f76aef051400154f0a": "6", + "572973f76aef051400154f0b": "at least three distinct divisors, namely 1, 2,", + "572973f76aef051400154f0c": "the term odd prime", + "572973f76aef051400154f0d": "0 or 5 are multiples of 5.", + "572973f76aef051400154f0e": "even numbers", + "57297547af94a219006aa45b": "the number 1", + "57297547af94a219006aa45c": "Christian Goldbach", + "57297547af94a219006aa45d": "Christian Goldbach", + "57297547af94a219006aa45e": "1 as its first prime. Henri Lebesgue is said to be the last professional mathematician to call 1 prime.", + "57297547af94a219006aa45f": "a prime number", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a3": "the sieve of Eratosthenes", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a4": "the statement of that theorem would have to be modified.", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a6": "the sum of divisors function", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a5": "the sieve of Eratosthenes", + "57297781af94a219006aa4a7": "all multiples of 1", + "572978f91d046914007794d3": "the Rhind papyrus", + "572978f91d046914007794d4": "the Ancient Greeks", + "572978f91d046914007794d5": "Euclid", + "572978f91d046914007794d6": "Euclid", + "572978f91d046914007794d7": "a simple method to compute primes", + "57297a276aef051400154f88": "1640", + "57297a276aef051400154f89": "Pierre de Fermat", + "57297a276aef051400154f8a": "prime numbers until the 17th century.", + "57297a276aef051400154f8c": "2p \u2212 1", + "57297a276aef051400154f8b": "Pierre de Fermat", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c7": "trial division", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c8": "a complete list of primes", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4c9": "1 and less than or equal to the square root of n", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4cb": "three", + "57297bc9af94a219006aa4ca": "the square root of n", + "57297d421d046914007794e5": "probabilistic", + "57297d421d046914007794e6": "probabilistic (or \"Monte Carlo\"", + "57297d421d046914007794e7": "ponentially with the number of tests, so we can be as sure as we like (though never perfectly sure) that the number is prime.", + "57297d421d046914007794e8": "a deterministic algorithm", + "57297d421d046914007794e9": "the number of tests, so we can be as sure as we like (though never perfectly sure) that the number is prime.", + "57297ed93f37b3190047845f": "the Fermat primality test", + "57297ed93f37b31900478460": "a probabilistic test", + "57297ed93f37b31900478461": "the Carmichael numbers", + "57297ed93f37b31900478462": "a probabilistic test", + "57297ed93f37b31900478463": "a probabilistic test", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d1": "p \u2212", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d2": "2p \u2212 1, where p is an arbitrary prime. The Lucas\u2013", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d3": "The Lucas\u2013Lehmer test", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d4": ".", + "572980f9af94a219006aa4d5": "\u2212 1, where p is an arbitrary prime. The Lucas\u2013", + "572982e66aef051400154f92": "distributed computing", + "572982e66aef051400154f93": "2009", + "572982e66aef051400154f94": "2009", + "572982e66aef051400154f95": "The Electronic Frontier Foundation", + "572982e76aef051400154f96": "distributed computing.", + "572985011d04691400779501": "the floor function", + "572985011d04691400779502": "Chebyshev", + "572985011d04691400779503": "one prime number p with n < p < 2n \u2212 2, for any natural number n > 3. However, computing A or \u03bc", + "572985011d04691400779504": "A or \u03bc", + "572985011d04691400779505": "Bertrand's postulate (proven first by Chebyshev)", + "572987e46aef051400154fa2": "their greatest common divisor", + "572987e46aef051400154fa3": "Dirichlet", + "572987e46aef051400154fa4": "a and q are coprime, i.e., their greatest common divisor is one.", + "572987e46aef051400154fa5": "one prime number. In all other rows (a = 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8) there are infinitely many", + "572987e46aef051400154fa6": "infinitely many prime numbers. What is more, the primes are distributed equally among those rows in the long run\u2014", + "572989846aef051400154fc0": "the zeta function", + "572989846aef051400154fc1": "the richness of the zeta function and a glimpse of modern algebraic number theory is the following identity (Basel problem)", + "572989846aef051400154fc2": "the zeta function", + "572989846aef051400154fc3": "the richness of the zeta function", + "572989846aef051400154fc4": "the richness of the zeta function", + "57298ef11d0469140077952d": "1859", + "57298ef11d0469140077952e": ".", + "57298ef11d0469140077952f": "random noise", + "57298ef11d04691400779530": "the asymptotic distribution of primes (about x/log x of numbers less than x are primes, the prime number theorem", + "57298ef11d04691400779531": "the prime number theorem", + "57299021af94a219006aa50c": "Goldbach", + "57299021af94a219006aa50b": "1912", + "57299021af94a219006aa50d": "2 \u00b7", + "57299021af94a219006aa50e": "Vinogradov", + "57299021af94a219006aa50f": "the Riemann hypothesis", + "572991943f37b319004784a1": "Polignac", + "572991943f37b319004784a2": "pairs of primes with difference 2 (twin prime conjecture)", + "572991943f37b319004784a3": "Polignac", + "572991943f37b319004784a4": "H", + "572991943f37b319004784a5": "Brocard", + "57299326af94a219006aa515": "number theory", + "57299326af94a219006aa516": "number theorists", + "57299326af94a219006aa517": "the 1970s", + "57299326af94a219006aa518": "number theory", + "57299326af94a219006aa519": "hash tables and pseudorandom number generators.", + "572995d46aef051400154fe8": "a recurring decimal", + "572995d46aef051400154fe9": "p \u2212 1 or a divisor of p \u2212 1", + "572995d46aef051400154fea": "this equation is also a sufficient condition for p to be prime.", + "572995d46aef051400154feb": "n \u2212 1", + "572995d46aef051400154fec": "this equation", + "572996c73f37b319004784b3": "large prime numbers", + "572996c73f37b319004784b4": "the Diffie\u2013Hellman key exchange", + "572996c73f37b319004784b5": "512", + "572996c73f37b319004784b6": "modular exponentiation", + "572996c73f37b319004784b7": "1024", + "572998673f37b319004784d5": "cicadas of the genus Magicicada", + "572998673f37b319004784d6": "underground", + "572998673f37b319004784d7": "17 years", + "572998673f37b319004784d8": "natural selection", + "572998673f37b319004784d9": "prime numbers", + "57299a6f6aef051400155016": "minimality or indecomposability", + "57299a6f6aef051400155017": "the smallest subfield of a field F containing both 0 and 1. It is either Q or the finite field with p elements,", + "57299a6f6aef051400155019": "a connected sum of prime knots", + "57299a6f6aef05140015501a": "a second", + "57299a6f6aef051400155018": "minimality or indecomposability, in an appropriate sense.", + "57299c2c6aef051400155020": "the set of prime elements equals the set of irreducible elements,", + "57299c2c6aef051400155021": "prime elements", + "57299c2c6aef051400155022": "Prime numbers", + "57299c2c6aef051400155023": "the following requirement", + "57299c2c6aef051400155024": "the following requirement: given x and y in R such that p divides the product xy,", + "57299d1c1d04691400779581": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", + "57299d1c1d04691400779582": "the Gaussian integers", + "57299d1c1d04691400779583": "unique factorization domains.", + "57299d1c1d04691400779584": "the imaginary unit", + "57299d1c1d04691400779585": "prime elements in Z) of the form 4k + 3 are Gaussian primes,", + "57299ec43f37b3190047850d": "ring theory", + "57299ec43f37b3190047850e": "prime ideals", + "57299ec43f37b3190047850f": "algebraic number theory", + "57299ec43f37b31900478510": "The fundamental theorem of arithmetic", + "57299ec43f37b31900478511": "a Noetherian commutative ring", + "5729a03f1d04691400779593": "Prime ideals", + "5729a03f1d04691400779594": "ramification of prime ideals", + "5729a03f1d04691400779595": "the ring of integers", + "5729a03f1d04691400779596": "the solvability of quadratic equations", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505a": "the absolute value", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505b": "arithmetic questions related to Q or more general global fields may be transferred back and forth to the completed (or local) fields.", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505c": "the absolute value", + "5729a26d6aef05140015505d": "underlines the importance of primes to number theory.", + "5729a3716aef05140015506a": "Olivier Messiaen", + "5729a3716aef05140015506b": "La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur (1935)", + "5729a3716aef05140015506c": "ametrical music through \"natural phenomena\". In works such as La Nativit\u00e9 du Seigneur (1935)", + "5729a3716aef05140015506d": "the third \u00e9tude", + "5729a3716aef05140015506e": "the movements of nature", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55b": "the Swiss canton of Graub\u00fcnden", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55c": "the North Sea", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55d": "Cologne", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55e": ")", + "572f5533a23a5019007fc55f": "note 1] with an average discharge of about 2,900 m3/s (100,000 cu ft/s)", + "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e37": "Cologne, Germany with a population of more than 1,050,000 people.", + "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3a": "the Netherlands", + "572fe1d404bcaa1900d76e3b": "note 1] with an average discharge of about 2,900 m3/s (100,000 cu ft/s)", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56b": "the Gaulish name R\u0113nos", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56c": "Rhin", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56d": "the Gaulish name R\u0113nos", + "572f55e8a23a5019007fc56e": "the Gaulish name R\u0113nos", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcad7": "the Gaulish name R\u0113nos", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcad8": "Rhin", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcada": "Rijn", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcad9": "vocalisation", + "572fe288a23a5019007fcadb": "Rijn", + "572f567cb2c2fd140056803f": "river length", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568040": "1939", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568041": "the Old Rhine Bridge at Constance", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568042": "Hoek van Holland", + "572f567cb2c2fd1400568043": "canalisation", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdba": "river length", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdbb": "1939", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdbc": "Lake Constance", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdbe": "canalisation projects", + "572fe393947a6a140053cdbd": "Hoek van Holland", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc573": "the north", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc574": "86 km", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc575": "the Rhine Valley", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc576": "Sargans", + "572f5703a23a5019007fc577": "Liechtenstein and later Austria", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4b": "near Chur", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4c": "86 km", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4d": "599 m", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4e": "the Rhine Valley", + "572fe41e04bcaa1900d76e4f": "Switzerland", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686d": "Lake Constance", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686e": "the Alter Rhein", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d7686f": "the Alter Rhein", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d76870": "Isel", + "572f57c704bcaa1900d76871": "\" and this is also the local pronunciation of Esel (\"Donkey\")", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e55": "Lake Constance", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e56": "Lake Constance", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e57": "the Alter Rhein", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e58": "an inland delta. The delta is delimited in the West by the Alter Rhein (\"Old Rhine\"", + "572fe4a304bcaa1900d76e59": "Alemannic dialect", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89a": "Diepoldsau", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89b": "Fu\u00dfach", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89c": "strong sedimentation", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89d": "the lake. This has already happened to the former Lake Tuggenersee.", + "572f5875947a6a140053c89e": "sedimentation", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e69": "Fu\u00dfach", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6b": "the western Rhine Delta", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6a": "Diepoldsau", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6c": "The Dornbirner Ach", + "572fe53104bcaa1900d76e6d": "the continuous input of sediment", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57d": "three bodies of water: the Obersee (\"upper lake\"", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc580": "lower lake", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57e": "the Seerhein", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc581": "Lake Constance", + "572f58d9a23a5019007fc57f": "Lake Constance", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858b": "three bodies of water: the Obersee (\"upper lake\"", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858c": "Austria", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858d": "its shorelines", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858e": "Lake Constance", + "572fe60fb2c2fd140056858f": "the Austrian state of Vorarlberg", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc587": "the greater density of cold water", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58a": "Lake \u00dcberlingen", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc588": "the Constance hopper", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc58b": "Lindau", + "572f59b4a23a5019007fc589": "the island of Lindau", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e95": "the Constance hopper", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e96": "the island of Lindau", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e97": "Lake \u00dcberlingen", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e98": "Rhine Gutter", + "572fe92204bcaa1900d76e99": "the water level", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5af": "westward", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b0": "the river Aare", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b1": ", to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s)", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b2": "Finsteraarhorn", + "572f609ca23a5019007fc5b3": "Basel", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde0": "the Hochrhein", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde1": "the river Aare", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde2": "an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s),", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde3": "Finsteraarhorn", + "572fe9b3947a6a140053cde4": "the Dutch border. The Aare also contains the waters from the 4,274 m (14,022 ft)", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ea": "Basel", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8eb": "the Central Bridge", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ec": "the Central Bridge", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ed": "300 km", + "572f60f4947a6a140053c8ee": "40 km", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf2": "Basel", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf3": "the Central Bridge", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf4": "Basel", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf5": "the Central Bridge", + "572fec30947a6a140053cdf6": "the Central Bridge", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b7": "the 19th Century", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b8": "the ground water level", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680b9": "the ground water level", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680ba": "the Grand Canal", + "572f64ccb2c2fd14005680bb": "large compensation pools", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5b": "The Upper Rhine region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th Century.", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5c": "the 19th Century", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5d": "the 19th Century", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5e": "the 19th Century", + "572feddda23a5019007fcb5f": "the Grand Canal", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cc": "the Dutch border", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cd": "more than 300 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s)", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cb": "The Rhine", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680ce": "the Moselle", + "572f65e9b2c2fd14005680cf": "400 m", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef5": "Germany", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef6": "Germany", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef7": "the Moselle, which contributes an average discharge of more than 300 m3/s (11,000 cu ft/s)", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef8": "France", + "572ff07304bcaa1900d76ef9": "an annual mean discharge of 2,290 m3/s (81,000 cu ft/s)", + "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5eb": "the Middle Rhine", + "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ec": "the Rhine Gorge", + "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ed": "erosion", + "572f6a0ba23a5019007fc5ee": "the Romantic Rhine\"", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76eff": "the Middle Rhine", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f00": "the Rhine Gorge", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f02": "many castles and vineyards", + "572ff12e04bcaa1900d76f03": "the Romantic Rhine", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c940": "heavy industry", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c942": "Duisburg", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c943": "the Ruhr", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c944": "drinking water", + "572f6c85947a6a140053c941": "the Lower Rhine that the bulk of them are concentrated, as the river passes the major cities of Cologne,", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce52": "water pollution", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce53": "the Lower Rhine", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce54": "Switzerland", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce55": "Duisburg", + "572ff293947a6a140053ce56": "the Ruhr", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc621": "tourism", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc622": "R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc623": "Lorelei", + "572f6ec7a23a5019007fc624": "the Middle Rhine Valley", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce66": "tourism", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce67": "a UNESCO World Heritage Site", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce68": "R\u00fcdesheim am Rhein", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce69": "Lorelei", + "572ff35f947a6a140053ce6a": "Lorelei", + "572f7588947a6a140053c984": "Duisburg", + "572f7588947a6a140053c985": "the Wesel", + "572f7588947a6a140053c986": "the Lippe", + "572f7588947a6a140053c987": "the Emmerich Rhine Bridge", + "572f7588947a6a140053c988": "400 m", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcba9": ", in particular the agglomerations Cologne,", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcbaa": "Duisburg with the largest river port in Europe (Duisport)", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcbab": "Duisport", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcbac": "the Emmerich Rhine Bridge", + "572ff430a23a5019007fcbad": "400 m", + "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568154": "the Meuse", + "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568153": "Rijn", + "572f76d1b2c2fd1400568155": ", farther down rejoining the Nieuwe Maas to form Het Scheur.", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f24": "west, through the Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch)", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f25": "the Waal and then, via the Merwede and Nieuwe Merwede (De Biesbosch)", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f26": "the Meuse", + "572ff4ca04bcaa1900d76f27": "Oude Maas", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a2": "the Nieuwe Maas and to the North Sea.", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a3": "the Waal.", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a4": "the Lek", + "572f7b33947a6a140053c9a5": "Wijk bij Duurstede", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2d": "the Pannerdens Kanaal", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2e": "the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay)", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f2f": "one ninth of the water flow of the Rhine north into the IJsselmeer (a former bay)", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f30": "the Lek", + "572ff56304bcaa1900d76f31": "Wijk bij Duurstede", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568657": "Kromme Rijn (\"Bent Rhine\") past Utrecht, first Leidse Rijn (\"Rhine of Leiden\"", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568658": "draining the surrounding land and polders.", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd1400568659": "Oude Rijn (\"Old Rhine\"). The latter flows west into a sluice at Katwijk,", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865a": "Oude Rijn (\"Old Rhine\"", + "572ff5fcb2c2fd140056865b": "Oude Rijn", + "572ff673b2c2fd1400568669": "Rhine Delta", + "572ff673b2c2fd140056866a": "Millingen aan de Rijn", + "572ff673b2c2fd140056866b": "Rhine Delta", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f51": "Waal and Pannerdens Kanaal", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f52": "three main flows", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f53": "the IJssel branches off from the Nederrijn.", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f55": "Old Meuse", + "572ff7ab04bcaa1900d76f54": "the Rip", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568681": "1421 to 1904", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568682": "1421", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568683": "Gorinchem", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568685": "1421 to 1904", + "572ff83ab2c2fd1400568684": "the Meuse and Waal merged further upstream at Gorinchem to form Merwede.", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbce": "drainage channels", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcf": "Delta Works", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbcd": "Delta Works", + "572ff890a23a5019007fcbd0": "Delta Works", + "572ff935b2c2fd140056869b": "a tidal delta", + "572ff935b2c2fd140056869c": "the tide", + "572ff935b2c2fd140056869d": "strong tidal currents", + "572ff935b2c2fd140056869e": "Zaltbommel", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbe9": "the Tethys Ocean", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbeb": "the Jurassic Period", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbec": "Mediterranean geography", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbea": "the Triassic Period", + "572ffa79a23a5019007fcbed": "the Alpine Orogeny", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b7": "a N\u2013S rift system to develop in this zone.", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b8": "a N\u2013S rift system to develop in this zone.", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686b9": "the Miocene", + "572ffb02b2c2fd14005686ba": "the Rhone and Danube", + "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef0": "stream capture", + "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef1": "the Pliocene period", + "572ffc0f947a6a140053cef2": "Schweinfurt and the Vosges Mountains, captured from the Meuse, to its watershed.", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc15": "the geological period of the Ice Ages", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc16": "six major Ice Ages", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc17": "120 m (390 ft) and much of the continental margins became exposed.", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc18": "the northwest", + "572ffce5a23a5019007fcc19": "Brest", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e5": "the Pleistocene", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e6": "the Pleistocene", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e7": "the lower Rhine", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e8": "sea level", + "572ffd75b2c2fd14005686e9": "sea level", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf26": "a glacier", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf27": "open tundra", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf28": "the last Ice Age", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf29": "the ice", + "572fff45947a6a140053cf2a": "loess", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76fef": "9000 BP", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff0": "thaw and fall-winter snow covers melted in spring. Much of the discharge was routed to the Rhine and its downstream extension. Rapid warming", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff1": "the Rhine", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff2": "9000 BP", + "572fffb404bcaa1900d76ff3": "9000 BP", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf42": "7500 yr ago", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf43": "coastal processes", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf44": "7000 years", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf45": "tectonic subsidence", + "573003dd947a6a140053cf46": "3000 years", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77011": "the Last Glacial", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77014": "the begin of the Holocene", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77012": "the Netherlands", + "5730042804bcaa1900d77013": "the Netherlands", + "57300580b2c2fd140056874d": "Roman times", + "57300580b2c2fd140056874f": "human impact", + "57300580b2c2fd140056874e": "the sediment load", + "57300580b2c2fd1400568751": "11\u201313th century AD", + "57300580b2c2fd1400568750": "approximately 80", + "5730069004bcaa1900d7702d": "the North Sea", + "5730069004bcaa1900d7702e": "three branches: the River Waal (6/9 of total discharge), the River Nederrijn \u2013", + "5730069004bcaa1900d7702f": "the IJsselmeer", + "5730069004bcaa1900d77030": "the IJsselmeer, formerly the Zuider Zee brackish lagoon; however, since 1932, a freshwater lake", + "5730069004bcaa1900d77031": "three branches", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9a": "the 6th century BC", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9b": "Germania", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9c": "the 6th century BC", + "57300761947a6a140053cf9d": "Maurus Servius Honoratus", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876b": "AD 14", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876c": "the Rhine and upper Danube", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876d": "AD 70", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876f": "the Rhine and upper Danube.", + "573007fab2c2fd140056876e": "the Roman boundary until the empire fell.", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568775": "eight", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568777": "the army of Germania Inferior", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568778": "oppidum Ubiorum", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568776": "the assignment of legions", + "57300888b2c2fd1400568779": "oppidum Ubiorum", + "57300911947a6a140053cfb6": "the 5th century", + "57300911947a6a140053cfb7": "the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy on the Upper Rhine and Alemannia on the High Rhine.", + "57300911947a6a140053cfb8": "Drachenfels", + "57300911947a6a140053cfb9": "Siegfried", + "57300911947a6a140053cfba": "Hagen", + "573009a004bcaa1900d7704f": "the 6th century", + "573009a004bcaa1900d77050": "the 10th century", + "573009a004bcaa1900d77051": "the county of Holland", + "573009a004bcaa1900d77052": "Archduke Sigismund of Austria", + "573009a004bcaa1900d77053": "1469", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc97": "the Rhine crisis", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc98": "natural borders", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc99": "Napoleon Bonaparte", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9a": "1806", + "57300a25a23a5019007fcc9b": "1840", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77063": "the end of World War I", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77064": "1930", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77065": "Adolf Hitler", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77066": "Adolf Hitler", + "57300a9a04bcaa1900d77067": "1936", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d77087": "at Arnhem", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d77088": "the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War.", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d77089": "September 1944", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708a": "the Ludendorff Bridge", + "57300bf504bcaa1900d7708b": "Seven Days to the River Rhine", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff0": "a typographical error", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff1": "a typographical error", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff3": "a typographical error", + "57300c67947a6a140053cff2": "a typographical error", + "57300c68947a6a140053cff4": "2010", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb54": "12 May 1999", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb55": "the Scotland Act 1998", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb56": "the Scotland Act 1998", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb57": "the Parliament of the United Kingdom", + "572fac17947a6a140053cb58": "the Parliament of the United Kingdom", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc863": "the lack of a Parliament of Scotland", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc864": "three hundred years", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc865": "the outbreak of the First World War", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc866": "the late 1960s", + "572facb0a23a5019007fc867": "a directly elected Scottish Assembly", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc86d": "the North Sea", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc86e": "Scottish independence", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc870": "1974", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc86f": "Scottish independence", + "572fad30a23a5019007fc871": "1978", + "572fadcbb2c2fd1400568329": "Edinburgh", + "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832a": "the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it in a referendum to be held on 1 March 1979 that represented at least 40% of the total electorate.", + "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832c": "the majority of the Scottish electorate", + "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832b": "a referendum", + "572fadcbb2c2fd140056832d": "the eligible voting population", + "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76bdf": "a Scottish Parliament", + "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be0": "the Conservative Party", + "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be1": "1989", + "572fae4b04bcaa1900d76be2": "the 1989 Scottish Constitutional Convention", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568333": "a new Scottish Parliament Building", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568334": "Enric Miralles", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568335": "Spanish", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568336": "leaf", + "572faec7b2c2fd1400568337": "Queen Elizabeth II", + "572faf74b2c2fd1400568349": "the General Assembly Hall", + "572faf74b2c2fd1400568347": "the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland", + "572faf74b2c2fd1400568348": "the General Assembly Hall", + "572faf74b2c2fd140056834b": "the University of Aberdeen", + "572faf74b2c2fd140056834a": "the General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb80": "the City of Edinburgh Council", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb81": "Lothian Regional Council", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb82": "Lothian Regional Council", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb83": "Parliament Square", + "572fb059947a6a140053cb84": "the General Assembly Hall", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c15": "Tricia Marwick", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c16": "Tricia Marwick", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c17": "a secret ballot", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c18": "129", + "572fb42904bcaa1900d76c19": "A vote clerk", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f7": "the Presiding Officer", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f8": "the Parliamentary Bureau", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8f9": "five or more seats in the Parliament.", + "572fbb04a23a5019007fc8fa": "the Presiding Officer", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5b": "a hemicycle", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5c": "the desire to encourage consensus amongst elected members", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5d": "131 seats", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5e": "the Scottish Law Officers", + "572fbea404bcaa1900d76c5f": "attend and speak in the plenary meetings of the Parliament but, as they are not elected MSPs, cannot vote", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc938": "Scottish rivers", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc937": "silver", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93a": "the Queen", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc939": "the first words of the Scotland Act", + "572fbf21a23a5019007fc93b": "a glass case", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c73": "April and October", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c74": "the debating chamber", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c75": "the public", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c76": "booking in advance", + "572fbfa504bcaa1900d76c77": "the Official Report", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc95d": "Wednesdays", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc95e": "four minutes", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc960": "the Presiding Officer", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc95f": "religious beliefs", + "572fc043a23a5019007fc961": "direct representations to the Presiding Officer to nominate speakers.", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc80": "the Presiding Officer", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc81": "who speaks in chamber debates", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc82": "different viewpoints and political parties", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc83": "ministers or party leaders", + "572fc41f947a6a140053cc84": "the Gaelic language.", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccb": "5 pm, MSPs decide on all the motions and amendments that have been moved that day. This \"Decision Time", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccc": "Decision Time", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccd": "Decision Time", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76cce": "electronic consoles", + "572fc49d04bcaa1900d76ccf": "seconds", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8a": "The outcome of most votes", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8b": "political parties", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8c": "whips", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8e": "moral issues", + "572fc5a1947a6a140053cc8d": "free votes\", which allows Members to vote as they please.", + "572fc659b2c2fd1400568447": "Decision Time", + "572fc659b2c2fd1400568449": "Members Business", + "572fc659b2c2fd1400568448": "45 minutes", + "572fc659b2c2fd140056844a": "other members", + "572fc659b2c2fd140056844b": "Decision Time", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf5": "in committee", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf6": ", Wednesday and Thursday morning when Parliament is sitting. Committees can also meet at other locations throughout Scotland.", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf7": "strengthening the role of backbenchers in their scrutiny of the government and partly to compensate for the fact that there is no revising chamber", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf8": "role", + "572fc6f204bcaa1900d76cf9": "other locations throughout Scotland.", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d07": "MSPs", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d08": "the balance of parties", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d09": "their functions", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0a": "Mandatory Committees", + "572fc78d04bcaa1900d76d0b": "the fourth Session", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d11": "the beginning of each parliamentary session", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d12": "one (or more) of the departments (or ministries) of the Scottish Government.", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d13": "Subject Committees in the fourth Session", + "572fc80b04bcaa1900d76d14": "Subject Committees in the fourth Session", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d1f": "Private Bill Committees", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d20": "development projects such as infrastructure projects that require the use of", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d21": "the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Government", + "572fc8a904bcaa1900d76d22": "Private Bill Committees", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568473": "The Scotland Act 1998", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568474": "Queen Elizabeth II", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568475": "the devolved competencies", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568476": "the Parliament of the United Kingdom at Westminster", + "572fca7eb2c2fd1400568477": "the Scottish Parliament", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f1": "Schedule 5", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f2": "the Scottish Parliament", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f3": "the Scotland Act", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f4": "3 pence in the pound", + "572fcb6da23a5019007fc9f5": "2012 Act", + "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847d": "Reserved matters", + "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847e": "the Scotland Parliament. The Scottish Parliament", + "572fcc43b2c2fd140056847f": "the Scotland Parliament. The Scottish Parliament", + "572fcc43b2c2fd1400568480": "UK Government ministers). These include abortion, broadcasting policy, civil service, common markets for UK goods and services, constitution, electricity, coal,", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccda": "bills", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdb": "the Scottish Government", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdc": "a member of the Scottish Parliament can introduce a bill as a private member", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccdd": "a member of the Scottish Parliament can introduce a bill as a private member; or a private bill can be submitted to Parliament by an outside proposer", + "572fcd86947a6a140053ccde": "the Scottish Parliament can introduce a bill as a private member;", + "572fce12a23a5019007fca11": "the general principles of the bill, it then proceeds to Stage 2.", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca12": "its accompanying documents \u2013 Explanatory Notes, a Policy Memorandum setting out the policy underlying the bill,", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca13": "whether the bill is within the legislative competence of the Parliament", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca14": "the minister or member in charge of the bill will formally introduce it to Parliament together with its accompanying documents \u2013", + "572fce13a23a5019007fca15": "Stage 2", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd02": "Stage 3", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd03": "two parts", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd04": "Decision Time", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd05": "wrecking amendments\" to the bill, designed to thwart further progress and take up parliamentary time,", + "572fd1c4947a6a140053cd06": "Decision Time", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684a9": "the Monarch", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684aa": "the Presiding Officer", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ab": "4-week period has elapsed,", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ac": "the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom", + "572fd264b2c2fd14005684ad": "a conventional enacting formula", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca55": "the largest party", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca57": "all members of Parliament", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca56": "a First Minister", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca58": "the elected MSPs", + "572fd47fa23a5019007fca59": "the Sovereign", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76d9f": "the first Thursday in May every four years (1999, 2003, 2007 and so on)", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da0": "the first Thursday in May", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da1": "the Monarch", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da3": "the Parliament is dissolved by the Queen by royal proclamation", + "572fd6aa04bcaa1900d76da2": "28 days", + "572fd73e947a6a140053cd32": "a statement to the chamber setting out the Government's legislative programme for the forthcoming year.", + "572fd73e947a6a140053cd33": "the Scottish Parliament", + "572fd73e947a6a140053cd34": "a statement", + "572fd73e947a6a140053cd35": "issues related to the substance of the statement", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3a": "Parliamentary time", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3b": "a Thursday", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3c": "any member of the Scottish Government", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3d": "a general question of the First Minister and then supplementary questions. Such a practice enables a \"lead-in\" to the questioner,", + "572fd7b8947a6a140053cd3e": "four", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684f9": "73", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fb": "2005", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fa": "one member", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fd": "dispersed population and distance from the Scottish Parliament", + "572fd8efb2c2fd14005684fc": "129", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850b": "proportionally to the number of votes received in the second vote of the ballot using the d'Hondt method.", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850c": "list votes", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850d": "number of list votes cast", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850e": "the number of votes received in the second vote of the ballot using the d'Hondt method.", + "572fda6fb2c2fd140056850f": "iteratively until all available list seats", + "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851d": "a number of qualifications", + "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851e": "1981", + "572fdb17b2c2fd140056851f": "the age of 18", + "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568520": "police and the armed forces are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs,", + "572fdb17b2c2fd1400568521": "the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dd9": "a parliamentary majority", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76dda": "Labour", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddb": "151 votes", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddc": "eight", + "572fdbb004bcaa1900d76ddd": "Scottish independence", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca93": "the Conservatives", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca94": "Edinburgh Pentlands", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca95": "five seats", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca96": "Annabel Goldie", + "572fdc34a23a5019007fca97": "Cameron", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9d": "the West Lothian question", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9e": "the domestic legislation of the Scottish Parliament", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fca9f": "the West Lothian question", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa0": "the Conservative", + "572fdd03a23a5019007fcaa1": "England.", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce8e": "different Islamist movements", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce8f": "government and society in accordance with the Shari'a. The different Islamist movements have been described as \"oscillating between two poles\"", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce90": "two poles\"", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce91": "two poles", + "572ff626947a6a140053ce92": "revolution or invasion", + "572ff760b2c2fd1400568677": "the democratic process", + "572ff760b2c2fd1400568678": "Palestine", + "572ff760b2c2fd1400568679": "democratic and political process as well as armed attacks", + "572ff760b2c2fd140056867a": "democracy", + "572ff760b2c2fd140056867b": "a religious basis", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f65": "Olivier Roy argues that \"Sunni pan-Islamism underwent a remarkable shift in the second half of the 20th century\"", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f66": "the Muslim Brotherhood movement", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f67": "sharia", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f68": "democracy", + "572ff86004bcaa1900d76f69": "their legitimacy", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd5": "a political role", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd6": "a political ideology", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd7": "Hayri Abaza", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd8": "Hayri Abaza", + "572ff932a23a5019007fcbd9": "religion from politics", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76f9f": "the question", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa0": "Americans", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa1": "the Iranian Islamic Revolution and apolitical Islam was a historical fluke of the \"short-", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa2": "1945 and 1970", + "572ffabf04bcaa1900d76fa3": "the question", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee7": "dangerous enemies", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee6": "the 1970s", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053ceea": "experience, ideology, and weapons\", and had considerable impact.", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee9": "the mujahideen", + "572ffbaa947a6a140053cee8": "the Soviet Union", + "572ffbaab2c2fd14005686cd": "experience, ideology, and weapons\", and had considerable impact.", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cef6": "Anwar Sadat", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cef7": "Anwar Sadat", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cef8": "political support", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cef9": "1975", + "572ffc99947a6a140053cefa": "Anwar Sadat", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc7": "the Wahhabist interpretation of Islam", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc8": "funding", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fc9": "all the horrible wars of the 20th century,\" that Shia and other non-Wahhabi Muslims were infidels,", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fca": "infidels \"in every way,\"", + "572ffd9e04bcaa1900d76fcb": "the Wahhabist interpretation of Islam, it has done much to overwhelm more moderate local interpretations,", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686ef": "Islamist", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f2": "Islamist movements", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f0": "social justice is limited to rhetoric.", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f3": "rhetoric", + "572ffe6fb2c2fd14005686f1": "dowry demands, legal assistance, sports facilities,", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf14": "law and philosophy", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf15": "the All India Muslim League", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf17": "the mainstream Indian nationalist and secularist Indian National Congress", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf16": "1908", + "572ffee1947a6a140053cf18": "The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686f9": "secularism and secular nationalism", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fa": "secularism and secular nationalism", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fb": "nationalist differences", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fc": "1930", + "572fffb1b2c2fd14005686fd": "the Pakistan movement", + "5730005db2c2fd1400568703": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", + "5730005db2c2fd1400568704": "journalism", + "5730005db2c2fd1400568705": "1941", + "5730005db2c2fd1400568706": "his writing", + "5730005db2c2fd1400568707": "a modern context", + "57300137b2c2fd1400568717": "Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi", + "57300137b2c2fd1400568718": "journalism", + "57300137b2c2fd140056871a": "his writing", + "57300137b2c2fd140056871b": "a modern context", + "57300200b2c2fd1400568729": "Sharia", + "57300200b2c2fd140056872a": "an Islamic state", + "57300200b2c2fd140056872b": "unity of God", + "57300200b2c2fd140056872c": "Islamic revolution", + "57300200b2c2fd140056872d": "an educational process", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77001": "1928 by Hassan al Banna", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77002": "Egypt in 1928 by Hassan al Banna", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77003": "Hassan al Banna", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77004": "the motto \"the Qur'an is our constitution,\" it sought Islamic revival through preaching and also by providing basic community services including schools, mosques,", + "5730035e04bcaa1900d77005": "imperialist influence", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf4c": "violence", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf4d": "1949", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf4e": "Mahmud Fami Naqrashi", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf4f": "1948", + "5730040f947a6a140053cf50": "Gamal Abdul Nasser", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf56": "one of the most influential movements in the Islamic world,", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf59": "75", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf57": "an Islamist", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf58": "field candidates", + "573004bf947a6a140053cf5a": "Mohamed Morsi", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6a": "secular Arab nationalism", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6b": "a pivotal event", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6c": "economic stagnation", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6d": "the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics ensued. Ba'athism, Arab socialism,", + "573005b9947a6a140053cf6e": "Maududi and Sayyid Qutb", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfad": "Ali Shariati", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfac": "Ali Shariati", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfae": "Ali Shariati", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfaf": "the Prophet Mohammad", + "5730088e947a6a140053cfb0": "Ali Shariati", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b7": "The Islamic Republic", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b9": "Shia terrorist groups in Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Jordan (SCIRI)", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770b8": "economic sanctions", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770ba": "2006", + "57300e2604bcaa1900d770bb": "President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d004": "the Soviet Union", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d005": "an Islamic rebellion against an allied Marxist regime in the Afghan Civil War", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d006": "fight for their faith", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d007": "Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", + "57300ec0947a6a140053d008": "Abdullah Yusuf Azzam", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d1": "the Islamist movement", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d2": "Saddam Hussein", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d3": "Islamist groups", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d4": "the Saudi monarchy", + "57300f8504bcaa1900d770d5": "the west", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687d7": "conservative Muslims", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687d9": "Osama bin Laden", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687d8": "Saudi Arabia", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687da": "Algeria", + "573010fab2c2fd14005687db": "Osama bin Laden", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770f9": "Qutb", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770fa": "1966", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770fb": "the Brotherhood", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770fc": "the Brotherhood, led by Hasan al-Hudaybi, remained moderate and interested in political negotiation and activism. Fringe or splint", + "573011de04bcaa1900d770fd": "the 1970s", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd09": "the Egyptian Islamic Jihad", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0a": "1981", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0b": "Anwar Sadat", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0c": "Anwar Sadat", + "5730126ba23a5019007fcd0d": "Muhammad Abd al-Salaam Farag", + "5730131c947a6a140053d052": "their campaign against the Egyptian state", + "5730131c947a6a140053d053": "Jamaa Islamiya", + "5730131c947a6a140053d055": "2003", + "5730131c947a6a140053d054": "unsuccessful", + "5730131c947a6a140053d056": "political figures", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcded": "some decades prior to the First Palestine Intifada in 1987, the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine took a \"quiescent", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcdee": "the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcdef": "the destruction of Israel", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf1": "alcohol", + "5730208fa23a5019007fcdf0": "the Muslim Brotherhood in Palestine", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f7": "Hamas", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f8": "542 people", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688f9": "the majority of the seats", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fa": "2007", + "573020f7b2c2fd14005688fb": "driving Israel out of the Gaza Strip", + "57302700a23a5019007fce89": "an Islamist regime", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8a": "Hassan al-Turabi", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8b": "National Islamic Front", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8c": "money from foreign Islamist banking systems", + "57302700a23a5019007fce8d": "the university and military academy", + "573027d6a23a5019007fce9d": "1985", + "573027d6a23a5019007fce9e": "the military", + "573027d6a23a5019007fce9f": "sharia law", + "573027d6a23a5019007fcea0": "Turabi", + "573027d6a23a5019007fcea1": "the American attack on Iraq in the 1991 Gulf War", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d77270": "gender segregation", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726f": "1989", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726e": "Algeria", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d7726d": "Front Islamique de Salut (the Islamic Salvation Front", + "5730285a04bcaa1900d77271": "a military coup", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d77287": "justice and prosperity", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d77288": "a vicious and destructive civil war between political and tribal warlords, making Afghanistan one of the poorest countries on earth.", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728a": "1992", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d77289": "one of the poorest countries on earth. In 1992, the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan ruled by communist forces collapsed,", + "573028fa04bcaa1900d7728b": "roughly 80% of Afghanistan.", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fcecf": "The Taliban were spawned by the thousands of madrasahs the Deobandi movement", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fced0": "Pakistan", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fced1": "Islamic fundamentalist or neofundamentalist", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fced2": "Sharia", + "57302a3aa23a5019007fced3": "Osama bin Laden", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772af": "July 1977, General Zia-ul-Haq overthrew Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b0": "alcohol and nightclubs", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b1": "Islamism", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b2": "his means of seizing power", + "57302ad804bcaa1900d772b3": "1988", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689db": "Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant\"", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dc": "Sunni Arabs from Iraq and Syria. In 2014, the group proclaimed itself a caliphate, with religious,", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689de": "ten million people", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689df": "international recognition", + "57302bd0b2c2fd14005689dd": "a caliphate", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d7": "2004", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d8": "March 2003", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772da": "its failure to consult", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772d9": "March 2011", + "57302cd004bcaa1900d772db": "human rights abuses and war crimes", + "57302e45947a6a140053d22e": "the Caliphate", + "57302e45947a6a140053d22f": "the 7th century", + "57302e45947a6a140053d230": "1924", + "57302e45947a6a140053d231": "the true Islamic system", + "57302e45947a6a140053d232": "the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f5": "armed jihad", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f6": "ideological struggle", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f7": "Muslim public opinion, and in particular through elites", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f8": "Egypt", + "57302efe04bcaa1900d772f9": "terrorist groups", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77311": ", heightened by expos\u00e9s", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77312": "a strong Islamist outlook", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77313": "2007", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77314": "Londonistan", + "57302faa04bcaa1900d77315": "incitement to terrorism", + "57303048947a6a140053d254": "since 2001", + "57303048947a6a140053d255": "the State Department", + "57303048947a6a140053d256": "Christian Whiton", + "57303048947a6a140053d257": "Defense Secretary", + "57303048947a6a140053d258": "undermining the communist ideology", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c6": "Latin", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c7": "political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries. Its precise meaning continues to be debated by scholars.", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4c9": "political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries. Its precise meaning continues to be debated by scholars.", + "573060b48ab72b1400f9c4ca": "technologies and ideas", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdf7": "influence", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdf8": "physical control or full-fledged colonial rule\"", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdfa": "diplomacy or military force.\" Imperialism is particularly focused on the control that one group, often a state power, has on another group of people.", + "573062662461fd1900a9cdfb": "a powerful form of dominance", + "57306797396df919000960ee": "informal rule", + "57306797396df919000960ef": "physical control", + "57306797396df919000960f0": "the definition of imperialism", + "57306797396df919000960f2": "technological superiority", + "57306797396df919000960f1": "the definition of imperialism", + "573081c2069b531400832133": "an empire is through the amount of land that a nation has conquered and expanded. Political power grew from conquering land,", + "573081c2069b531400832134": "the world systems theory", + "573081c2069b531400832135": "Russian leader Lenin", + "573081c2069b531400832136": "an empire", + "573081c2069b531400832137": "sea and trade routes", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6d": "colonialism itself does not automatically imply imperialism,", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6e": "a political focus", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce6f": "ideological as well as financial reasons, colonialism is simply the development for settlement or commercial intentions", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce70": "Edward Said", + "573083dc2461fd1900a9ce71": "a person or group of people", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54c": "imperialism and colonialism", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54d": "taking physical control of another", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54e": "Imperialism and colonialism both dictate the political and economic advantage over a land and the indigenous populations they control,", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c550": "the exploitation of the valuable assets and supplies of the nation that was conquered and the conquering nation then gaining the benefits from the spoils of", + "573085ea8ab72b1400f9c54f": "Imperialism and colonialism both dictate the political and economic advantage over a land and the indigenous populations they control,", + "5730876a396df9190009617a": "the defense and justification", + "5730876a396df9190009617c": "imperialism", + "5730876a396df9190009617b": ", by the races which can do this work best, i.e. by the races of highest 'social efficiency'\"", + "5730876a396df9190009617d": "a theory of races", + "5730876a396df9190009617e": "whiteness", + "573088da069b53140083216b": "Germany", + "573088da069b53140083216c": "London", + "573088da069b53140083216d": "Political geographers", + "573088da069b53140083216e": "imperial expansion", + "573088da069b53140083216f": "Friedrich Ratzel of Germany and Halford Mackinder of Britain also supported imperialism. Ratzel believed expansion was necessary for a state\u2019", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c576": "environmental determinism", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c577": "the temperate zone", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c578": "Orientalism", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c579": ", which justified its dominance over the essentialized Orient.", + "57308cf88ab72b1400f9c57a": "the superior and the norm", + "57308ddc396df919000961a5": "Roman law", + "57308ddc396df919000961a7": "the eighteenth century", + "57308ddc396df919000961a4": "the British Empire", + "57308ddc396df919000961a6": "terra nullius, and its settlers considered it unused by its sparse Aboriginal inhabitants.", + "57308ddc396df919000961a8": "empty land", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c580": "an imaginative geography of the East. This imaginative geography relies on an essentializing discourse", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c581": "irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West. Defining the East as a negative vision of itself,", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c582": "a negative vision of itself", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c583": "Orientalism", + "57308f6b8ab72b1400f9c584": "irrational and backward in opposition to the rational and progressive West. Defining the East as a negative vision of itself,", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58a": "cartographic techniques", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58b": "cartographic techniques", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58c": "unknown or unexplored territory", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58d": "cartographic techniques", + "5730909d8ab72b1400f9c58e": "imperial and colonial powers to obtain \"information to fill in blank spaces on contemporary maps\"", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c595": "the European colonial era", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c594": "Genghis Khan", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c597": "Genghis Khan during the Mongol Empire,", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c598": ",", + "573092088ab72b1400f9c596": ",", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5ae": "Cultural imperialism", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5af": "Cultural imperialism is when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles, i.e. its soft power,", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b0": "the soap opera Dallas", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b1": "Roman imperialism", + "573093598ab72b1400f9c5b2": "authoritarian regimes", + "57309446396df919000961b8": "the early 18th century", + "57309446396df919000961b9": "The Age of Imperialism", + "57309446396df919000961ba": "thousands of years", + "57309446396df919000961bb": "the middle of the 20th century", + "57309446396df919000961bc": "Open Door Policy", + "57309564069b5314008321a5": "1919", + "57309564069b5314008321a6": "1999", + "57309564069b5314008321a7": "historians", + "57309564069b5314008321a8": "the idea of empire 'informally if possible and formally if necessary.'", + "57309564069b5314008321a9": "John Gallagher (1919\u20131980)", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d2": "economic growth", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d4": "the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d3": "economic growth by collecting resources from colonies, in combination with assuming political control by military and political means.", + "573098f38ab72b1400f9c5d5": "the Mughal state", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dc": "advancements in communication", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5dd": "deadly explosives", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5de": "the machine gun", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5df": "leather shields", + "573099ee8ab72b1400f9c5e0": "Europe", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e6": "the British experience.", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e7": "the late 19th century", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e8": "a policy of idealism and philanthropy", + "57309bfb8ab72b1400f9c5e9": "a structural feature of capitalism", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c600": "aristocracy", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c602": "the 1950s", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c601": "before World War I", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c603": "disease", + "57309ef18ab72b1400f9c604": "domestic social reforms", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60a": "environmental determinism", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60b": "the environment", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60c": "less civilized\" therefore justifying colonial control as a civilizing mission.", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60d": "Africa", + "5730a0778ab72b1400f9c60e": "orientalism and tropicality", + "5730a314069b5314008321eb": "geographic scholars", + "5730a314069b5314008321ec": "Northern Europe and the Mid-Atlantic temperate climate produced a hard-working,", + "5730a314069b5314008321ed": "guidance and intervention from the European empire to aid in the governing of a more evolved social structure; they were seen as incapable of such a feat.", + "5730a314069b5314008321ee": "orientalism", + "5730a314069b5314008321ef": "colonizing empires", + "5730a40f396df91900096234": "the sixteenth century", + "5730a40f396df91900096235": "1599", + "5730a40f396df91900096236": "Queen Elizabeth", + "5730a40f396df91900096237": "political activity", + "5730a40f396df91900096238": "the Portuguese", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf29": "1830", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2a": "1850", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2d": "Catholicism", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2b": "North and West Africa, as well as South-East Asia, with other conquests in Central and East Africa,", + "5730a4d02461fd1900a9cf2c": "1850", + "5730a951069b531400832213": "civilize the inferior", + "5730a951069b531400832214": "citizenship rights", + "5730a951069b531400832215": "small numbers of settlers to its colonies, with the only notable exception of Algeria, where French settlers nevertheless always remained a small minority.", + "5730a951069b531400832216": "Christianity and French culture", + "5730a951069b531400832217": "Algeria", + "5730aa52069b53140083221d": "the overseas colonies", + "5730aa52069b53140083221e": "colonial movements began to challenge the Empire. France fought and lost a bitter war in Vietnam in the 1950s.", + "5730aa52069b53140083221f": "Algeria", + "5730aa52069b531400832220": "Algeria", + "5730aa52069b531400832221": "1960", + "5730ab63396df91900096260": "Scandinavia and northern Europe", + "5730ab63396df91900096263": "Italy", + "5730ab63396df91900096261": "classical antiquity", + "5730ab63396df91900096262": "800 CE", + "5730ab63396df91900096264": "an amorphous area of central Europe", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf73": "the late 19th century", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf74": "1862", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf75": "1862", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf77": "Napoleon", + "5730ac782461fd1900a9cf76": "Europe itself", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c682": "the South Pacific", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c683": "imperialism", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c685": "German New Guinea", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c684": "Friedrichsruh", + "5730aef38ab72b1400f9c686": "Bismarck", + "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa4": "Sakhalin Island from Russia. Korea was annexed in 1910.", + "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa3": "1894", + "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa6": "Thailand", + "5730b1022461fd1900a9cfa5": "Manchuria", + "5730b255396df919000962b0": "the Soviet Union", + "5730b255396df919000962b1": "1932", + "5730b255396df919000962b2": "Lenin", + "5730b255396df919000962b3": "the Soviet Union", + "5730b255396df919000962b4": "Lenin", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc5": "Russian imperialism and colonialism", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc6": "Mao Zedong", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc9": "Mao Zedong", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc8": "Nikita Khrushchev", + "5730b4282461fd1900a9cfc7": "socialism in one country", + "5730b541396df919000962c2": "mercantilism", + "5730b541396df919000962c3": "1776", + "5730b541396df919000962c5": "free trade", + "5730b541396df919000962c4": "1820", + "5730b541396df919000962c6": "1815", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfcf": "The British Empire", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd0": "an ideological underpinning during this time.", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd2": "The British Empire", + "5730b6592461fd1900a9cfd1": "Africa", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c3": "the Monroe Doctrine", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c4": "interventionism in Central America and Woodrow Wilson\u2019", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c6": "American foreign policy", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c5": "the Philippines", + "5730b7ce069b5314008322c7": "American foreign policy", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c704": "Isiah Bowman", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c705": "1917", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c706": "Isiah Bowman", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c707": "the idea of President Wilson and the American delegation from the Paris Peace Conference.", + "5730b8ca8ab72b1400f9c708": "a geographer named Isiah Bowman. Bowman was the director of the American Geographical Society in 1914.", + "5730bb522461fd1900a9d011": "internal strife", + "5730bb522461fd1900a9d012": "a form of imperialism or colonialism.", + "5730bb522461fd1900a9d013": "12 to 15 million", + "5730bb522461fd1900a9d015": "the contemporary Orient", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73c": "1923", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73d": "Suleiman the Magnificent", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73e": "32 provinces", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c73f": "Europe", + "5730bc308ab72b1400f9c740": "the 16th and 17th centuries", + "5730bd00069b5314008322d7": "Istanbul", + "5730bd00069b5314008322d9": "Germany", + "5730bd00069b5314008322db": "World War I", + "5730bd00069b5314008322da": "Turkey", + "5730982f396df919000961e2": "The United Methodist Church", + "5730982f396df919000961e3": "a mainline Protestant Methodist denomination", + "5730982f396df919000961e4": "1968", + "5730982f396df919000961e5": "John and Charles Wesley", + "5730982f396df919000961e6": "Wesleyan", + "573098c12461fd1900a9cee5": "the United Methodist Church", + "573098c12461fd1900a9cee6": "12 million", + "573098c12461fd1900a9cee7": "mainline Protestant denomination", + "573098c12461fd1900a9cee8": "9 million adult adherents", + "57309921396df919000961f6": "Oxford University", + "57309921396df919000961f7": "Oxford University", + "57309921396df919000961f8": "John Wesley", + "573099f42461fd1900a9cef7": "1735", + "573099f42461fd1900a9cef8": "the American Indians in the colony of Georgia", + "573099f42461fd1900a9cef9": "the American Indians", + "573099f42461fd1900a9cefa": "the foundation of Christian faith", + "57309a6c2461fd1900a9ceff": "the American Revolution", + "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf00": "the Baltimore Christmas Conference of 1784", + "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf01": "Thomas Coke", + "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf02": "the Lovely Lane Methodist Church", + "57309a6c2461fd1900a9cf03": "the Baltimore Christmas Conference of 1784, officially establishing the Methodist Episcopal Church. The conference was held at the Lovely Lane Methodist Church", + "57309adb396df919000961fc": "the Methodist Episcopal Church was not founded until 1784.", + "57309adb396df919000961fd": "a building which had been erected in 1763 by a German Reformed congregation.", + "57309adb396df919000961fe": "1767", + "57309adb396df919000961ff": "a sail loft on Dock Street", + "57309adb396df91900096200": "1784", + "57309cd6069b5314008321c3": "Richard Allen and Absalom Jones", + "57309cd6069b5314008321c4": "the Methodist Church", + "57309cd6069b5314008321c5": "1784", + "57309d31396df91900096210": "1830", + "57309d31396df91900096211": "the issue of laity", + "57309d31396df91900096212": "1844", + "57309d31396df91900096213": "tensions over slavery and the power of bishops", + "5730a97a396df9190009625a": "1968", + "5730a97a396df9190009625b": "the Evangelical United Brethren Church (represented by Bishop Reuben H. Mueller)", + "5730a97a396df9190009625c": "Bishop Lloyd Christ Wicke", + "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6d": "the United Methodist Church", + "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6e": "The Book of Discipline", + "5730a9fa2461fd1900a9cf6f": "the United Methodist Church", + "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64e": "the American Revolution", + "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c650": "Thomas Coke", + "5730aaa88ab72b1400f9c64f": "Thomas Vasey and Richard Whatcoat", + "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c655": "1968", + "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c654": "John Wesley and Charles Wesley", + "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c656": "theologian Albert", + "5730ab288ab72b1400f9c657": "Albert", + "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c670": "Prevenient grace, or the grace that \"goes before\" us, is given to all people.", + "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c672": "Prevenient grace", + "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c671": "the present work of God", + "5730ac6b8ab72b1400f9c673": "sin", + "5730aeba069b531400832241": "Jesus Christ", + "5730aeba069b531400832242": "The justifying grace", + "5730aeba069b531400832243": "conversion", + "5730aeba069b531400832244": "John Wesley originally called this experience the New Birth.", + "5730aeba069b531400832245": "the New Birth", + "5730afed069b53140083225f": "a genuine love of God", + "5730afed069b531400832260": "Sanctifying Grace", + "5730afed069b531400832261": "Sanctifying Grace", + "5730afed069b531400832262": "Sanctifying Grace", + "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c696": "Wesleyan theology", + "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c697": "prima scriptura", + "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c698": "The United Methodist Church", + "5730b07c8ab72b1400f9c699": "The Book of Discipline", + "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69f": "2008", + "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c69e": "The United Methodist Church", + "5730b10b8ab72b1400f9c6a0": "the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice", + "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6ae": "The General Board of Church and Society", + "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6af": "all women", + "5730b1e28ab72b1400f9c6b0": "the mother", + "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfad": "the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality (TUMAS", + "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfae": "2012", + "5730b2312461fd1900a9cfaf": "Stallsworth", + "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb3": "the temperance movement", + "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb6": "2011 and 2012", + "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb4": "The Use of Money", + "5730b2ac2461fd1900a9cfb5": "unfermented grape juice", + "5730b54c069b53140083228d": "capital punishment and for governments to enact an immediate moratorium on carrying out the death penalty", + "5730b54c069b53140083228e": "John 8", + "5730b54c069b53140083228f": "Matthew 5", + "5730b54c069b531400832290": "The General Conference of the United Methodist Church", + "5730b5cc396df919000962d2": ". It forbids any United Methodist board, agency, committee, commission,", + "5730b5cc396df919000962d3": "1999", + "5730b5cc396df919000962d4": "2016", + "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd7": "the Connectional Table", + "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd8": "the LGBT community", + "5730b6bd2461fd1900a9cfd9": "resolutions", + "5730b776069b5314008322bd": "1987", + "5730b776069b5314008322be": "2005", + "5730b776069b5314008322bf": "the UMC Judicial Council", + "5730b9852461fd1900a9cff9": "military conscription", + "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffa": "nor the way of inaction", + "5730b9852461fd1900a9cffb": "military conscription", + "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70e": "Christ", + "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c70f": "national foreign policy", + "5730b9dc8ab72b1400f9c710": "general and complete disarmament", + "5730bdfe396df9190009630e": "The Sexual Ethics Task Force of The United Methodist Church", + "5730bdfe396df9190009630f": "sex", + "5730bdfe396df91900096310": "girls and women", + "5730bf03069b5314008322eb": "IVF", + "5730bf03069b5314008322ed": "adult stem cells", + "5730bf03069b5314008322ec": "federal funding for research", + "5730c059069b531400832305": "the Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America", + "5730c059069b531400832306": "the Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America", + "5730c059069b531400832307": "The Book of Common Prayer", + "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc46": "The United Methodist Church in Africa", + "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc47": "The United Methodist Book of Worship (1992). Many of these liturgies are derived from the Anglican tradition's Book of Common Prayer", + "5730c52fb54a4f140068cc48": "anointing with oil", + "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4c": "John Wesley", + "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4d": "William Booth", + "5730c6d3b54a4f140068cc4e": "John Wesley", + "5730c737b54a4f140068cc52": "The United Methodist Church", + "5730c737b54a4f140068cc54": "the General Conference", + "5730c737b54a4f140068cc55": "The Book of Discipline", + "5730c737b54a4f140068cc53": "the General Conference", + "5730c737b54a4f140068cc56": "four years", + "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa7": "five", + "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa8": "seven", + "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aa9": "to elect and appoint bishops", + "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aaa": "bishops", + "5730c810aca1c71400fe5aab": "Episcopal Areas", + "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449c": "the Mission Council", + "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449d": "the church bishops", + "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449e": "36 acres", + "5730c8a1f6cb411900e2449f": "Southern Methodist University", + "5730c8a1f6cb411900e244a0": "Southern Methodist University", + "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac2": "nine members", + "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac1": "the Judicial Council", + "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac3": "eight years", + "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac4": "twice a year", + "5730ca6eaca1c71400fe5ac5": "twice a year at various locations throughout the world", + "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154a": "the Annual Conferences", + "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154b": "the geographical area it covers as well as the frequency of meeting", + "5730cb0fb7151e1900c0154c": "their Annual Conference", + "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c2": "The Book of Discipline", + "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c3": "three members", + "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c4": "three members", + "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c5": "The church conference", + "5730cb8df6cb411900e244c6": "The church conference", + "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc66": "around one hundred", + "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc67": "three hundred sixty", + "5730cc2cb54a4f140068cc68": "the International Association of Methodist-related Schools, Colleges,", + "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc94": "John Wesley", + "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc95": "elders and deacons", + "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc96": "their Annual Conference Order of Elders", + "5730d26fb54a4f140068cc97": "their Annual Conference Order of Deacons", + "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af5": "the Annual Conference Cabinet", + "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af6": "one year", + "5730d3adaca1c71400fe5af7": "the session of the Annual Conference", + "5730d473b7151e1900c0155a": ",", + "5730d473b7151e1900c0155b": "a bishop", + "5730d473b7151e1900c0155c": "2\u20133 years", + "5730d473b7151e1900c0155d": "a bishop", + "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b03": "2\u20133", + "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b04": "deacons", + "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b05": "deacons", + "5730d523aca1c71400fe5b06": "sacramental authority", + "5730d597f6cb411900e244d6": "1996", + "5730d597f6cb411900e244d7": "the provisional elder", + "5730d597f6cb411900e244d8": "the 1996 General Conference", + "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01562": "Licensed Local Pastor", + "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01563": "the Conference Board of Ordained Ministry", + "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01564": "five", + "5730d6fcb7151e1900c01565": "Associate Membership", + "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dc": "Baptized Members are those who have been baptized as an infant or child, but who have not subsequently professed their own faith.", + "5730d77ef6cb411900e244dd": "confirmation and sometimes the profession of faith", + "5730d77ef6cb411900e244de": "confirmation", + "5730de74f6cb411900e244fc": "Baptism", + "5730de74f6cb411900e244fd": "confirmation and membership preparation classes", + "5730de74f6cb411900e244fe": "The Book of Discipline of the United Methodist Church", + "5730de74f6cb411900e244ff": "Church and the Methodist-Christian theological tradition in order to profess their ultimate faith in Christ", + "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b61": "lay servants", + "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b62": "the basic course and one advanced lay servant course, and be interviewed by the District or Conference Committee on Lay Speaking.", + "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b63": "annually", + "5730e936aca1c71400fe5b64": "the basic course and one advanced lay servant course,", + "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b73": "The United Methodist Church", + "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b74": "observer status", + "5730e9f4aca1c71400fe5b75": "blurring of theological and confessional differences", + "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce4": "2000", + "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce5": "May 2012", + "5730ea71b54a4f140068cce6": "1985", + "5730eb5b497a881900248a3f": "11 million members", + "5730eb5b497a881900248a40": "11 million members", + "5730eb5b497a881900248a41": "8 million members", + "5730eb5b497a881900248a42": "8 million members", + "5730eb5b497a881900248a43": "Texas", + "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae5": "11", + "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae6": "11", + "5730ebe0a5e9cc1400cdbae7": "11", + "5730ec85e6313a140071caba": "the Wesleyan Holiness Consortium", + "5730ec85e6313a140071cabb": "the World Methodist Council", + "5730ec85e6313a140071cabc": "2006", + "5733cf61d058e614000b62e9": "1754", + "5733cf61d058e614000b62ea": "Great Britain and France,", + "5733cf61d058e614000b62eb": "roughly 60", + "5733cf61d058e614000b62ec": "2 million", + "5733cff84776f419006612b4": "Jumonville Glen in May 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22-year-old George Washington ambushed a French patrol.", + "5733cff84776f419006612b5": "the Battle of Jumonville Glen", + "5733cff84776f419006612b6": "1754", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c4": "six colonial governors in North America met with General Edward Braddock, the newly arrived British Army commander,", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c5": "the Battle of the Monongahela", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c6": "General Edward Braddock", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c7": "Fort Beaus\u00e9jour", + "5733d13e4776f419006612c8": "the expulsion of the Acadians", + "5733d249d058e614000b6331": "William Pitt", + "5733d249d058e614000b6332": "limited forces it had in New France. France concentrated its forces against Prussia and its allies in the European theatre of the war.", + "5733d249d058e614000b6333": "New France", + "5733d249d058e614000b6334": "Sainte Foy in Quebec, the French ceded Canada in accordance with the 1763 treaty.", + "5733d2dbd058e614000b6339": "French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River (including New Orleans)", + "5733d2dbd058e614000b633a": "French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River", + "5733d2dbd058e614000b633b": "one of the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict. France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain.", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612ea": "the French and Indian War", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612eb": "the traditional name", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612ec": "the French and Indian War", + "5733d3cb4776f419006612ed": "multiple names", + "5733d4c8d058e614000b6353": "1756", + "5733d4c8d058e614000b6354": "six years", + "5733d4c8d058e614000b6355": "1760", + "5733d4c8d058e614000b6356": "the Battle of Jumonville Glen", + "5733d5704776f4190066130e": "fur traders and trappers", + "5733d5704776f4190066130f": "French fur traders and trappers traveled throughout the St. Lawrence and Mississippi watersheds, did business with local tribes,", + "5733d5704776f41900661310": "the Mississippi River and its tributaries. French fur traders and trappers traveled throughout the St. Lawrence and Mississippi watersheds, did business with local tribes,", + "5733d68ed058e614000b637f": "20 to 1 with a population of about 1.5 million ranged along the eastern coast of the continent, from Nova Scotia and Newfoundland in the north,", + "5733d68ed058e614000b6380": "the eastern coast of the continent", + "5733d68ed058e614000b6381": "population centers", + "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ab": "native tribes", + "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ac": "the French and the British, large areas were dominated by native tribes.", + "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ad": "Upstate New York and the Ohio Country", + "5733d7cbd058e614000b63ae": "Iroquois rule", + "5733da01d058e614000b63f9": "both the French and British to gain either their support or neutrality in the conflict.", + "5733da01d058e614000b63fa": "the Great Lakes region", + "5733da01d058e614000b63fb": "the Iroquois Six Nations", + "5733dab4d058e614000b6409": "local militia companies, generally ill trained and available only for short periods, to deal with native threats, but did not have any standing forces.", + "5733dab4d058e614000b640a": ". The colonial government recruited militia support when needed. Most British colonies mustered local militia companies, generally ill trained and available only for short periods,", + "5733dab4d058e614000b640b": "local militia companies", + "5733db8dd058e614000b6428": "the French claim to the Ohio Country", + "5733db8dd058e614000b6429": "C\u00e9loron", + "5733db8dd058e614000b642a": "C\u00e9loron", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644a": "the Native Americans in the area informed C\u00e9", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644b": "Pickawillany", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644c": "the Native Americans in the area informed C\u00e9", + "5733dc95d058e614000b644d": "severe consequences if he continued to trade with the British. \"Old Briton\" ignored the warning.", + "5733dd4f4776f419006613aa": "C\u00e9loron", + "5733dd4f4776f419006613ab": "C\u00e9loron", + "5733dd4f4776f419006613ac": "C\u00e9loron", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145b": "1749", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145c": "the Ohio Company of Virginia", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145d": "Christopher Gist", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145e": "the 1752 Treaty of Logstown", + "5733e5a14776f4190066145f": "the 1752 Treaty of Logstown", + "5733e771d058e614000b6545": "territorial claims", + "5733e771d058e614000b6546": "1748", + "5733e771d058e614000b6547": "conflicting territorial claims", + "5733e771d058e614000b6548": "conflicting territorial claims", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a6": "Marquis de la Jonqui\u00e8re, died and was temporarily replaced by Charles le Moyne de Longueuil", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a7": "Charles Michel de Langlade", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a8": "Charles Michel de Langlade", + "5733e8ae4776f419006614a9": "Old Briton", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6594": "Paul Marin de la Malgue", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6595": "Fort Presque Isle", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6596": "Fort Le Boeuf", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6597": "military action,", + "5733ea04d058e614000b6598": "Tanaghrisson", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65cc": "the Iroquois Confederacy and the British Crown, was broken.", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65cd": "Warraghiggey", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65ce": "Warraghiggey", + "5733eb34d058e614000b65cf": "Mohawk Chief Hendrick", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662b": "the Ohio Company", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662c": "George Washington", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662d": "Jacob Van Braam", + "5733ef47d058e614000b662e": "1753", + "5733f062d058e614000b6633": "the French", + "5733f062d058e614000b6634": "the letter from Dinwiddie", + "5733f062d058e614000b6635": ", I do not think myself obliged to obey it.", + "5733f062d058e614000b6636": "Dinwiddie", + "5733f1784776f41900661575": "French forces under Claude-Pierre Pecaudy de Contrec\u0153ur", + "5733f1784776f41900661576": "the early months of 1754", + "5733f1784776f41900661577": "Fort Duquesne", + "5733f309d058e614000b6648": "the Battle of Jumonville Glen", + "5733f309d058e614000b6649": "Tanaghrisson and his party", + "5733f309d058e614000b664a": "the Mingo leader", + "5733f410d058e614000b6663": ".", + "5733f410d058e614000b6664": "February 1755", + "5733f410d058e614000b6665": "Baron Dieskau", + "5733f410d058e614000b6666": "Major General Edward Braddock", + "5733f5264776f419006615a3": "the Albany Congress", + "5733f5264776f419006615a4": "a unified front in trade and negotiations with various Indians", + "5733f5264776f419006615a5": "the Albany Congress", + "5733f5264776f419006615a6": "the format of the congress and many specifics of the plan", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c1": "British soldiers", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c2": "Fort Duquesne", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c3": "one", + "5733f5f24776f419006615c4": "Washington and Thomas Gage", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66a9": "Shirley and Johnson", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66aa": "logistical difficulties", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ab": "the French", + "5733f7b9d058e614000b66ac": "Johnson", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615f7": "the Marquis de Vaudreuil", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615f8": "Baron Dieskau", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615f9": "Baron Dieskau", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615fa": "Fort St", + "5733f8dc4776f419006615fb": "Ticonderoga Point", + "5733f9fa4776f4190066161f": "Colonel Monckton", + "5733f9fa4776f41900661620": "the Acadians (ranging around the Bay of Fundy, on the Petitcodiac and St. John rivers, and \u00cele", + "5733f9fa4776f41900661621": "Petitcodiac in 1755 and at Bloody Creek near Annapolis Royal in 1757.", + "5733faaf4776f4190066162f": "William Shirley", + "5733faaf4776f41900661630": "Albany in December 1755", + "5733faaf4776f41900661631": "1756. In addition to renewing the efforts to capture Niagara, Crown Point and Duquesne, he proposed attacks on Fort Frontenac", + "5733faaf4776f41900661632": "Albany", + "5733fb7bd058e614000b66ff": "Major General James Abercrombie", + "5733fb7bd058e614000b6700": "the Chevalier de L\u00e9vis", + "5733fb7bd058e614000b6701": "May 18", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b670f": "Fort Bull", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b6710": "the March Battle of Fort Bull", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b6711": "Fort Bull", + "5733fc6ed058e614000b6712": "reinforcements", + "5733fd66d058e614000b6735": "Abercrombie", + "5733fd66d058e614000b6736": "Ticonderoga", + "5733fd66d058e614000b6737": "Oswego in August.", + "5733fd66d058e614000b6738": "the disposition of prisoners", + "5733fe73d058e614000b673d": "the expedition to Quebec", + "5733fe73d058e614000b673e": "the expedition to Quebec", + "5733fe73d058e614000b673f": "William Pitt", + "5733fe73d058e614000b6740": "attack Louisbourg", + "5733ffa7d058e614000b674f": "Montcalm", + "5733ffa7d058e614000b6750": "Lake George", + "5733ffa7d058e614000b6751": "Montcalm", + "57340111d058e614000b677d": "disease", + "57340111d058e614000b677e": "smallpox", + "57340111d058e614000b677f": "Fort William Henry)", + "5734025d4776f419006616c3": "the Duke of Cumberland", + "5734025d4776f419006616c4": "Loudoun", + "5734025d4776f419006616c5": "three major offensive actions", + "5734025d4776f419006616c6": "Fort Duquesne and Louisbourg", + "573403394776f419006616dd": "3", + "573403394776f419006616de": "John Bradstreet", + "573403394776f419006616df": "John Bradstreet", + "573403394776f419006616e0": "the Battle of Carillon", + "57340549d058e614000b67dd": "an invasion of Britain", + "57340549d058e614000b67de": "the duc de Choiseul", + "57340549d058e614000b67df": "Lagos and Quiberon Bay", + "573406d1d058e614000b6801": "James Wolfe", + "573406d1d058e614000b6802": "James Wolfe", + "573406d1d058e614000b6803": "the naval Battle of the Restigouche", + "573406d1d058e614000b6804": "Battle of the Restigouche", + "573407d7d058e614000b6813": "Governor Vaudreuil", + "573407d7d058e614000b6814": "Governor Vaudreuil", + "573407d7d058e614000b6815": "General Amherst", + "573408ef4776f41900661757": "10 February 1763", + "573408ef4776f41900661758": "10 February 1763", + "573408ef4776f41900661759": "and easier to defend than the furs from the continent.", + "573408ef4776f4190066175a": "Great Britain and Spain also agreed that navigation on the Mississippi River was to be open to vessels of all nations.", + "57340a094776f4190066177d": "many Acadians", + "57340a094776f4190066177e": "1755", + "57340a094776f4190066177f": "France", + "57340a094776f41900661780": "New Orleans", + "57340b1bd058e614000b6869": "King George III", + "57340b1bd058e614000b686a": "the reservation of lands west of the Appalachian Mountains to its Indian population, a demarcation that was at best a temporary imped", + "57340b1bd058e614000b686b": "lands west of the Appalachian Mountains", + "57340d124776f419006617c3": "Cuba", + "57340d124776f419006617c0": "legal and illegal settlement", + "57340d124776f419006617c1": "1769", + "57340d124776f419006617c2": ".", + "57340d124776f419006617bf": "the British takeover of Spanish Florida resulted in the westward migration of tribes that did not want to do business with the British,", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e71": "the concept of force", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e72": "fundamental error", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e73": "Aristotle and Archimedes", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e74": "three hundred years", + "573735e8c3c5551400e51e75": "Einstein", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7b": "a Standard Model", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7c": "gauge bosons", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7d": "the weak and electromagnetic forces", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7e": "the weak and electromagnetic forces", + "57373a9fc3c5551400e51e7f": "a more fundamental electroweak interaction", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e85": "Aristotle", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e86": "Aristotelian cosmology", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e87": "four elements", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e88": "the ground", + "57373d0cc3c5551400e51e89": "the concept of a force", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e8f": "Galileo Galilei", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e90": "Galileo Galilei", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e91": "an innate force of impetus", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e92": "Galileo Galilei", + "57373f80c3c5551400e51e93": "gravity", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e99": "Newton", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9a": "a lack of net force", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9b": "Newton", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9c": "the first law", + "5737432bc3c5551400e51e9d": "the first law", + "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea3": "the laws of physics", + "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea4": "the laws of physics", + "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea5": "the laws of physics", + "5737477bc3c5551400e51ea6": "Inertia", + "573749741c4567190057445d": "the principle of inertia", + "573749741c4567190057445e": "the principle of inertia", + "573749741c4567190057445f": "Albert Einstein", + "573749741c45671900574460": "weightlessness", + "573749741c45671900574461": "the principle of inertia", + "573750f51c45671900574467": "an equality; the relative units of force and mass then are fixed.", + "573750f61c45671900574468": "kinematic measurements", + "573750f61c45671900574469": "General relativity", + "573750f61c4567190057446a": "the proper definition of mass", + "573750f61c4567190057446b": "the relative units of force and mass then are fixed.", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51eab": "The third law", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51eac": "The third law", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51ead": "a unidirectional force", + "5737534ec3c5551400e51eae": "F and \u2212F", + "573755afc3c5551400e51eb3": "the center of mass of the system", + "573755afc3c5551400e51eb4": "a closed system of particles, there are no internal forces that are unbalanced.", + "573755afc3c5551400e51eb5": "the mass of the system", + "573766251c45671900574471": "an intuitive understanding", + "573766251c45671900574472": "precise operational definitions", + "573766251c45671900574473": "Newtonian mechanics", + "573766251c45671900574474": "experimentation", + "57376828c3c5551400e51eb9": "vector quantities", + "57376828c3c5551400e51eba": "scalar quantities", + "57376828c3c5551400e51ebb": "both the magnitude and the direction of both forces to calculate the result.", + "57376828c3c5551400e51ebc": "ambiguous", + "57376828c3c5551400e51ebd": "both the magnitude and the direction of both forces to calculate the result.", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec3": "static equilibrium", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec4": "magnitude and direction", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec5": "the parallelogram rule of vector addition", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec6": "their respective lines of application", + "57376a1bc3c5551400e51ec7": "the parallelogram rule of vector addition", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecd": "a set of basis vectors", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ece": "a set of basis vectors is often a more mathematically clean way to describe forces than using magnitudes and directions.", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ecf": "a set of basis vectors", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed0": "orthogonal components", + "57376c50c3c5551400e51ed1": "a set of basis vectors is often a more mathematically clean way to describe forces than using magnitudes and directions.", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed7": "the static friction force", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed8": "the static friction force", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51ed9": "the static friction force", + "57376df3c3c5551400e51eda": "the characteristics of the contact between the surface and the object.", + "57377083c3c5551400e51edf": "quantitative force laws", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee0": "spring reaction force", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee1": "the force of gravity acting on the object balanced by a force applied by the \"spring reaction force\", which equals the object's weight", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee2": "the force of gravity is proportional to volume for objects of constant density (widely exploited for millennia to define standard weights)", + "57377083c3c5551400e51ee3": "Isaac Newton", + "573776eec3c5551400e51ee9": "Galileo", + "573776eec3c5551400e51eea": "the equivalence of constant velocity and rest", + "573776eec3c5551400e51eeb": "Aristotle", + "573776eec3c5551400e51eec": "behind the foot of the mast", + "573776eec3c5551400e51eed": "behind the foot of the mast", + "57377862c3c5551400e51ef3": "dynamic equilibrium", + "57377862c3c5551400e51ef4": "the kinetic friction force", + "57377862c3c5551400e51ef5": "the kinetic friction force", + "57377862c3c5551400e51ef6": "Aristotle", + "57377aac1c45671900574479": "the Schr\u00f6dinger equation", + "57377aac1c4567190057447a": "the Schr\u00f6dinger equation", + "57377aac1c4567190057447b": "classical position variables", + "57377aac1c4567190057447c": "quantum mechanics, though one is now dealing with operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schr\u00f6", + "57377aac1c4567190057447d": ") or fields, from which the forces generally can be derived, are treated similar to classical position variables, i.e., .", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efb": "the spatial variable", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efc": "the Pauli principle", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efd": "the Pauli principle relating the space and the spin variables. Depending on the value of the spin", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51efe": "the Pauli principle", + "57377c98c3c5551400e51eff": "the Pauli principle", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f05": "Feynman diagrams", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f06": "the concept of a force", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f07": "conservation of momentum", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f08": "Feynman diagrams", + "57377ec7c3c5551400e51f09": "world lines", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f0f": "four fundamental interactions", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f10": "strong and weak forces", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f11": "the electromagnetic force", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f12": "masses. All other forces in nature derive from these four fundamental interactions.", + "5737804dc3c5551400e51f13": "the Pauli exclusion principle", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f19": "Isaac Newton", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1a": "the 20th century", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1b": "unification models", + "5737821cc3c5551400e51f1c": "a theory of everything", + "573784fa1c45671900574483": "Isaac Newton", + "573784fa1c45671900574484": "Galileo", + "573784fa1c45671900574485": "the acceleration of every object in free-fall was constant and independent of the mass of the object.", + "573784fa1c45671900574486": "Galileo", + "573784fa1c45671900574487": "the force of gravity", + "573786b51c4567190057448d": "different ways at larger distances.", + "573786b51c4567190057448e": "the mass of the attracting body", + "573786b51c4567190057448f": "the mass of the attracting body", + "573786b51c45671900574490": "gravitational acceleration", + "57378862c3c5551400e51f21": "the above equation", + "57378862c3c5551400e51f22": "Henry Cavendish", + "57378862c3c5551400e51f23": "Henry Cavendish", + "57378862c3c5551400e51f24": "Newton", + "5737898f1c45671900574495": "the planet Mercury", + "5737898f1c45671900574496": "Vulcan", + "5737898f1c45671900574497": "Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general relativity", + "5737898f1c45671900574498": "Albert Einstein", + "5737898f1c45671900574499": "Albert Einstein", + "57378b141c4567190057449f": "general relativity", + "57378b141c456719005744a0": "the ballistic trajectory of the object", + "57378b141c456719005744a1": "gravitational force", + "57378b141c456719005744a2": "a global sense", + "57378c9b1c456719005744a8": "electric current", + "57378c9b1c456719005744a9": "a unified electromagnetic force that acts on a charge. This force can be written as a sum of the electrostatic force (due to the electric field)", + "57378c9b1c456719005744a7": "a rule of vector multiplication", + "57378c9b1c456719005744aa": "a rule of vector multiplication called Lorentz's Law describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field.", + "57378e311c456719005744af": "James Clerk Maxwell", + "57378e311c456719005744b0": "James Clerk Maxwell", + "57378e311c456719005744b1": "20 scalar equations", + "57378e311c456719005744b2": "4 vector equations", + "57378e311c456719005744b3": "James Clerk Maxwell", + "573792ee1c456719005744b9": "electromagnetic theory", + "573792ee1c456719005744ba": "quantum mechanics", + "573792ee1c456719005744bb": "quantum electrodynamics", + "573792ee1c456719005744bc": "photons are the fundamental exchange particle, which described all interactions relating to electromagnetism including the electromagnetic force.", + "573792ee1c456719005744bd": "quantum electrodynamics", + "5737958ac3c5551400e51f29": "the electromagnetic force", + "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2a": "the Pauli exclusion principle", + "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2b": "a structural force", + "5737958ac3c5551400e51f2c": "a structural force", + "5737958b1c456719005744c3": "the electromagnetic force", + "5737958b1c456719005744c4": "the Pauli exclusion principle", + "5737958b1c456719005744c5": "a structural force", + "5737958b1c456719005744c6": "a structural force", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f33": "the strong force", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f34": "the strong force", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f35": "the strong force", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f36": "the strong force", + "573796edc3c5551400e51f37": "color confinement", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f3d": "the weak force", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f3e": "the weak force", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f3f": "the weak force", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f40": "1013", + "57379829c3c5551400e51f41": "1015 kelvins", + "57379a4b1c456719005744cd": "the normal force", + "57379a4b1c456719005744ce": "the normal force", + "57379a4b1c456719005744cf": "the normal force", + "57379a4b1c456719005744d0": "the normal force", + "57379ed81c456719005744d5": "ideal strings that are massless, frictionless,", + "57379ed81c456719005744d6": "tension forces", + "57379ed81c456719005744d7": "tension forces", + "57379ed81c456719005744d8": "the conservation of mechanical energy", + "57379ed81c456719005744d9": "the conservation of mechanical energy", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f47": "continuum mechanics describe the way forces affect the material.", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f48": "continuum mechanics", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f49": "pressure gradients", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4a": "other parts of an object", + "5737a0acc3c5551400e51f4b": "extended structure and forces that act on one part of an object might affect other parts of an object.", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f51": "tensile stresses and compressions.:133\u2013134:38-1\u2013", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f52": "stress tensor", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f53": "pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area (the matrix diagonals of the tensor)", + "5737a25ac3c5551400e51f54": "the matrix diagonals of the tensor)", + "5737a4511c456719005744df": "rotational inertia", + "5737a4511c456719005744e0": "torque", + "5737a4511c456719005744e1": "rotational inertia", + "5737a5931c456719005744e7": "the center of the circular path", + "5737a5931c456719005744e8": "the unbalanced centripetal force", + "5737a5931c456719005744e9": "the unbalanced centripetal force", + "5737a5931c456719005744ea": "unbalanced force", + "5737a5931c456719005744eb": "the unbalanced centripetal force", + "5737a7351c456719005744f1": "kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a closed system, the net mechanical energy", + "5737a7351c456719005744f2": "potential energy", + "5737a7351c456719005744f3": "the net mechanical energy", + "5737a7351c456719005744f4": "the difference in potential energy", + "5737a7351c456719005744f5": "the difference in potential energy", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f59": "macroscopic forces are the net results of the gradients of microscopic potentials.", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5a": "macrophysical considerations", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5b": ". This is often due to macrophysical considerations that yield forces as arising from a macroscopic statistical average of microstates.", + "5737a84dc3c5551400e51f5c": "conservative ones", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f61": "detailed treatment with statistical mechanics", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f62": "macroscopic nonconservative forces", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f63": "macroscopic nonconservative forces", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f64": "the Second law of thermodynamics", + "5737a9afc3c5551400e51f65": "macroscopic nonconservative forces", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fb": "units of force include the sth\u00e8ne, which is equivalent to 1000 N,", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fc": "the newton: the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond)", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fd": "the newton: the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond)", + "5737aafd1c456719005744fe": "the newton", + "5737aafd1c456719005744ff": "the newton: the kilogram-force (kgf) (sometimes kilopond)" +}