Upload questions.json
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questions.json
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| 1 |
+
[
|
| 2 |
+
{
|
| 3 |
+
"question": "1. Trypan osoma : ",
|
| 4 |
+
"options": [
|
| 5 |
+
"A. este un gen care include specii libere \u0219i parazite ",
|
| 6 |
+
"B. paraziteaz\u0103 intestinul animalelor ",
|
| 7 |
+
"C. parazit eaz\u0103 s\u00e2ngele oamenilor ",
|
| 8 |
+
"D. este un zooflagelat colonial "
|
| 9 |
+
],
|
| 10 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 11 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 12 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 13 |
+
},
|
| 14 |
+
{
|
| 15 |
+
"question": "2. Organismele au \u00een corpul lor un procent variabil de ap\u0103 : ",
|
| 16 |
+
"options": [
|
| 17 |
+
"A. meduzele \u2013 peste 90% ",
|
| 18 |
+
"B. semin\u021bele uscate \u2013 sub 2 % ",
|
| 19 |
+
"C. algele \u2013 sub 90% ",
|
| 20 |
+
"D. omul \u2013 peste 80% "
|
| 21 |
+
],
|
| 22 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 23 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 24 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 25 |
+
},
|
| 26 |
+
{
|
| 27 |
+
"question": "3. Thomas Hunt Morgan a elaborat teoria cromozomial\u0103 a eredit\u0103\u021bii \u00een secolul : ",
|
| 28 |
+
"options": [
|
| 29 |
+
"A. XVII ",
|
| 30 |
+
"B. XVIII ",
|
| 31 |
+
"C. XIX ",
|
| 32 |
+
"D. XX "
|
| 33 |
+
],
|
| 34 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 35 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 36 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 37 |
+
},
|
| 38 |
+
{
|
| 39 |
+
"question": "4. Etapele de distrugere a unei bacterii de c\u0103 tre un bacteriofag sunt, \u00een ordine, urm\u0103toarele : ",
|
| 40 |
+
"options": [
|
| 41 |
+
"A. inoculare, ata\u0219are, multiplicare, eliberare, asamblare ",
|
| 42 |
+
"B. ata\u0219are, inoculare, multiplicare, eliberare, asamblare ",
|
| 43 |
+
"C. ata\u0219are, inoculare, multiplicare, asamblare, eliberare ",
|
| 44 |
+
"D. inoculare, asamblare, multiplicare, eliberare, ata\u0219are "
|
| 45 |
+
],
|
| 46 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 47 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 48 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 49 |
+
},
|
| 50 |
+
{
|
| 51 |
+
"question": "5. Ciclul de dezvoltare al organismelor : ",
|
| 52 |
+
"options": [
|
| 53 |
+
"A. cuprinde dou\u0103 faze care alterneaz\u0103 obligatoriu doar la organismele inferioare ",
|
| 54 |
+
"B. include la animale o haplofaz\u0103 dominant\u0103 \u0219i o diplofaz\u0103 redus\u0103 ",
|
| 55 |
+
"C. se caracterizeaz \u0103 la spermatofitele evoluate prin reducerea gametofitul ui ",
|
| 56 |
+
"D. include diplofaza , care este genera\u021bia produc\u0103toare de game\u021bi "
|
| 57 |
+
],
|
| 58 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 59 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 60 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 61 |
+
},
|
| 62 |
+
{
|
| 63 |
+
"question": "6. Caracteristicile indivizilor cu sindrom Turner sunt: ",
|
| 64 |
+
"options": [
|
| 65 |
+
"A. talie redus\u0103, fa\u021b\u0103 b\u0103tr\u00e2nicioas\u0103, atrofie testicular\u0103 ",
|
| 66 |
+
"B. talie redus\u0103, g\u00e2t scurt, anomalii scheletice ",
|
| 67 |
+
"C. compor tament agresiv, azoospermie, anomalii scheletice ",
|
| 68 |
+
"D. malforma\u021bii cardiace, \u00eenapoiere mintal\u0103, ginecomastie "
|
| 69 |
+
],
|
| 70 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 71 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 72 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 73 |
+
},
|
| 74 |
+
{
|
| 75 |
+
"question": "7. Pepenii f\u0103r\u0103 semin\u021be sunt rez ultatul unei muta\u021bii: ",
|
| 76 |
+
"options": [
|
| 77 |
+
"A. genomice ",
|
| 78 |
+
"B. cromozomiale ",
|
| 79 |
+
"C. genice ",
|
| 80 |
+
"D. punctiforme "
|
| 81 |
+
],
|
| 82 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 83 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 84 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 85 |
+
},
|
| 86 |
+
{
|
| 87 |
+
"question": "8. La genul Cycas : ",
|
| 88 |
+
"options": [
|
| 89 |
+
"A. talul are o organizare tridimensional\u0103 \u0219i se nume\u0219te cormoid ",
|
| 90 |
+
"B. zigotul are un nucleu cu dimensiunea \u00eentre 0,5 \u2013 1 mm ",
|
| 91 |
+
"C. num\u0103rul cloroplastelor este de una per celul\u0103 ",
|
| 92 |
+
"D. produ\u0219ii de asimila\u021bie sunt manitolul \u0219i laminarina "
|
| 93 |
+
],
|
| 94 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 95 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 96 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 97 |
+
},
|
| 98 |
+
{
|
| 99 |
+
"question": "9. Biogeneza microtubulilor are loc la nivelul : ",
|
| 100 |
+
"options": [
|
| 101 |
+
"A. nucleol ului ",
|
| 102 |
+
"B. dictiozom ilor ",
|
| 103 |
+
"C. R.E.R. -ului ",
|
| 104 |
+
"D. centrozom ului "
|
| 105 |
+
],
|
| 106 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 107 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 108 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 109 |
+
},
|
| 110 |
+
{
|
| 111 |
+
"question": "10. Pseudopodele: ",
|
| 112 |
+
"options": [
|
| 113 |
+
"A. se formeaz\u0103 cu participarea unor elemente citoscheletale ",
|
| 114 |
+
"B. particip\u0103 la transportul transmembranar specific procariotelor ",
|
| 115 |
+
"C. sunt foarte fine \u0219i dispuse radiar la Chrysophyta ",
|
| 116 |
+
"D. particip \u0103 la pro cesul de fagocitoz\u0103 realizat de globulele ro\u0219ii "
|
| 117 |
+
],
|
| 118 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 119 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 120 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 121 |
+
},
|
| 122 |
+
{
|
| 123 |
+
"question": "11. Citokineza : ",
|
| 124 |
+
"options": [
|
| 125 |
+
"A. se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 \u00een paralel cu procesele anafazice controlate genetic ",
|
| 126 |
+
"B. implic\u0103 formarea de noi pere\u021bi nucleari \u00een jurul cromatidelor ",
|
| 127 |
+
"C. se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 diferit \u00een celulele vegetale fa\u021b\u0103 de cele animale ",
|
| 128 |
+
"D. const\u0103 \u00een dezorganizarea \u00eenveli\u0219ului nuclear \u00een prometafaz\u0103 "
|
| 129 |
+
],
|
| 130 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 131 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 132 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 133 |
+
},
|
| 134 |
+
{
|
| 135 |
+
"question": "12. Transduc\u0163ia: ",
|
| 136 |
+
"options": [
|
| 137 |
+
"A. reprezint\u0103 exprimarea de c\u0103tre profag a unei p\u0103r\u0163i din propriul genom ",
|
| 138 |
+
"B. reprezint\u0103 integrarea ADN -ului viral \u00een genomul celulei gazd\u0103 ",
|
| 139 |
+
"C. este un fenomen de transfer de material genetic realizat de profag ",
|
| 140 |
+
"D. este un proces de fuziune in vitro a celulelor somatice de la specii diferite "
|
| 141 |
+
],
|
| 142 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 143 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 144 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 145 |
+
},
|
| 146 |
+
{
|
| 147 |
+
"question": "13. Hemoglobina persoanelor bolnave de anemie falciform\u0103: ",
|
| 148 |
+
"options": [
|
| 149 |
+
"A. prezint\u0103 acid glutamic \u00een pozi\u0163ia 5 a catenei polipeptidice \u03b2 ",
|
| 150 |
+
"B. prezint\u0103 valin\u0103 \u00een pozi\u0163ia 5 a catenei polipeptidice \uf061 ",
|
| 151 |
+
"C. prezint\u0103 valin\u0103 \u00een pozi\u0163ia 6 a catenei p olipeptidice \u03b2 ",
|
| 152 |
+
"D. prezint\u0103 prolin\u0103 \u00een pozi\u021bia 6 a catenei polipeptidice \uf061 "
|
| 153 |
+
],
|
| 154 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 155 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 156 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 157 |
+
},
|
| 158 |
+
{
|
| 159 |
+
"question": "14. Muta\u021bia unor gene care codific\u0103 enzime implicate \u00een metabolismul bazelor azotate determin\u0103: ",
|
| 160 |
+
"options": [
|
| 161 |
+
"A. dismorfism facial ",
|
| 162 |
+
"B. microcefalie ",
|
| 163 |
+
"C. dureri articulare ",
|
| 164 |
+
"D. distrofie muscular\u0103 "
|
| 165 |
+
],
|
| 166 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 167 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 168 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 169 |
+
},
|
| 170 |
+
{
|
| 171 |
+
"question": "15. Selecta\u0163i asocierea corect\u0103 \u00eentre bacteria patogen\u0103 \u015fi boala pe care o produce: ",
|
| 172 |
+
"options": [
|
| 173 |
+
"A. Plasmodium malariae \u2013 malaria ",
|
| 174 |
+
"B. Rhizobium leguminosarum \u2013 r\u00e2ia neagr\u0103 a cartofului ",
|
| 175 |
+
"C. Naegleria fowleri \u2013 meningoencefalita ",
|
| 176 |
+
"D. Clostridium botulinum \u2013 botulism "
|
| 177 |
+
],
|
| 178 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 179 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 180 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 181 |
+
},
|
| 182 |
+
{
|
| 183 |
+
"question": "16. Oomicetele: ",
|
| 184 |
+
"options": [
|
| 185 |
+
"A. formeaz\u0103 plasmodii la floarea -t\u0103b\u0103carilor ",
|
| 186 |
+
"B. au hife filiforme cu perete celular celulozic ",
|
| 187 |
+
"C. se pot hr\u0103ni autotrof prin chemosintez\u0103 ",
|
| 188 |
+
"D. \u00een condi\u021bii favorabile se \u00eenmul\u021besc prin conjugare "
|
| 189 |
+
],
|
| 190 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 191 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 192 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 193 |
+
},
|
| 194 |
+
{
|
| 195 |
+
"question": "17. La celula procariot\u0103: ",
|
| 196 |
+
"options": [
|
| 197 |
+
"A. citoplasma pre zint\u0103 citoschelet proteinic \u0219i este lipsit\u0103 de curen\u021bi citoplasmatici ",
|
| 198 |
+
"B. nucleoidul este reprezentat de ADN circular complexat cu proteine histonice ",
|
| 199 |
+
"C. peretele celular are \u00een compozi\u021bia chimic\u0103 acid diaminopimelic ",
|
| 200 |
+
"D. ribozomii sunt mai mari dec\u00e2t la celul a eucariot\u0103, dar au acela\u0219i rol "
|
| 201 |
+
],
|
| 202 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 203 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 204 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 205 |
+
},
|
| 206 |
+
{
|
| 207 |
+
"question": "18. \u00cen mitocondrie are loc: ",
|
| 208 |
+
"options": [
|
| 209 |
+
"A. scindarea moleculelor de ap\u0103 utiliz\u00e2nd energia luminoas\u0103 ",
|
| 210 |
+
"B. degradarea enzimatic\u0103 a acidului piruvic p\u00e2n\u0103 la CO 2 \u0219i H 2O ",
|
| 211 |
+
"C. utilizarea ATP pentru reducerea CO 2 \u0219i formarea glucozei ",
|
| 212 |
+
"D. formarea acidului adenozin -difosforic prin fosforilarea acidului adenozin -trifosforic "
|
| 213 |
+
],
|
| 214 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 215 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 216 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 217 |
+
},
|
| 218 |
+
{
|
| 219 |
+
"question": "19. Cianobacteriile: ",
|
| 220 |
+
"options": [
|
| 221 |
+
"A. prin fotosintez\u0103 formeaz\u0103 un tip de amidon care nu se coloreaz\u0103 cu iod ",
|
| 222 |
+
"B. prezint\u0103 flageli \u0219i numero\u0219i cili cu care se deplaseaz\u0103 \u00een mediul de via\u021b\u0103 ",
|
| 223 |
+
"C. prezint\u0103 nutri\u021bie pr edominant mixotrof\u0103, dar \u0219i autotrof\u0103 prin fotosintez\u0103 ",
|
| 224 |
+
"D. posed\u0103 o teac\u0103 dur\u0103 care protejeaz\u0103 peretele celular "
|
| 225 |
+
],
|
| 226 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 227 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 228 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 229 |
+
},
|
| 230 |
+
{
|
| 231 |
+
"question": "20. Metoda vectorului vi ral, comparativ cu metoda plasmidului : ",
|
| 232 |
+
"options": [
|
| 233 |
+
"A. este cea mai veche metod\u0103 utilizat\u0103 \u00een ingineria genetic\u0103 ",
|
| 234 |
+
"B. presupune eliminarea por\u021biunilor patogene ale virusului ",
|
| 235 |
+
"C. inser\u0103 gene direct \u00een genomul unei celule, cu ajutorul curentului electric ",
|
| 236 |
+
"D. este o tehnic\u0103 ce nu poate fi utilizat\u0103 pentru tratarea unor maladii genetice "
|
| 237 |
+
],
|
| 238 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 239 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 240 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 241 |
+
},
|
| 242 |
+
{
|
| 243 |
+
"question": "21. Hibrizii celulari asimetrici: ",
|
| 244 |
+
"options": [
|
| 245 |
+
"A. sunt specifici plantelor, deoarece presupun utilizarea protopla\u0219tilor ",
|
| 246 |
+
"B. se ob\u021bin cu ajutorul tehnicii ADN-ului recombina nt ",
|
| 247 |
+
"C. rezult\u0103 prin eliminarea preferen\u021bial\u0103 a cromozomilor uneia dintre speciile genitoare ",
|
| 248 |
+
"D. sunt utiliza\u021bi pentru izolarea cromozomilor \u0219i alc\u0103tuirea cariotipului "
|
| 249 |
+
],
|
| 250 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 251 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 252 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 253 |
+
},
|
| 254 |
+
{
|
| 255 |
+
"question": "22. Aparatul Golgi: ",
|
| 256 |
+
"options": [
|
| 257 |
+
"A. este conect at la membrana nuclear \u0103 ",
|
| 258 |
+
"B. este comun procariotelor \u0219i eucariotelor ",
|
| 259 |
+
"C. este delimitat de un perete dublu ",
|
| 260 |
+
"D. este locul \u00een care se sintetizeaz\u0103 polizaharide "
|
| 261 |
+
],
|
| 262 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 263 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 264 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 265 |
+
},
|
| 266 |
+
{
|
| 267 |
+
"question": "23. Lipidele din organismele vii sunt: ",
|
| 268 |
+
"options": [
|
| 269 |
+
"A. simple \u00een substan\u021ba matriceal\u0103 a membranelor biologice ",
|
| 270 |
+
"B. fosfoaminolipide cu rol energetic \u00een celul a animal\u0103 ",
|
| 271 |
+
"C. fosfolipide \u00een constituirea receptorilor de membran\u0103 ",
|
| 272 |
+
"D. asociate \u00een structura unor enzime cu glucide \u0219i proteine "
|
| 273 |
+
],
|
| 274 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 275 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 276 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 277 |
+
},
|
| 278 |
+
{
|
| 279 |
+
"question": "24. Sunt structuri caracteristice miofibrilelor: ",
|
| 280 |
+
"options": [
|
| 281 |
+
"A. discuri clare care prezint\u0103 la mijloc banda \u00eentunecat\u0103 H ",
|
| 282 |
+
"B. miofilamente groase de actin\u0103 \u0219i sub\u021biri de miozin\u0103 ",
|
| 283 |
+
"C. sarcomere situat e \u00eentre dou\u0103 membrane Z succe sive ",
|
| 284 |
+
"D. 9 perechi de microtubuli coordona\u021bi de blefaroplast "
|
| 285 |
+
],
|
| 286 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 287 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 288 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 289 |
+
},
|
| 290 |
+
{
|
| 291 |
+
"question": "25. Dele\u021bia par\u021bial\u0103 a bra\u021bului scurt al cromozomului 4: ",
|
| 292 |
+
"options": [
|
| 293 |
+
"A. este o anomalie heterozomal\u0103 ",
|
| 294 |
+
"B. are o frecven\u021b\u0103 dubl\u0103 la fete fa\u021b\u0103 de b\u0103ie\u021bi ",
|
| 295 |
+
"C. nu afecteaza durata de viata ",
|
| 296 |
+
"D. este caracterizat\u0103 printr -un \u021bip\u0103t caracteristic "
|
| 297 |
+
],
|
| 298 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 299 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 300 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 301 |
+
},
|
| 302 |
+
{
|
| 303 |
+
"question": "26. Mitocondriile, spre deosebire de cloroplaste : ",
|
| 304 |
+
"options": [
|
| 305 |
+
"A. prezint\u0103 oxizomi pe membrana intern\u0103 ",
|
| 306 |
+
"B. asigur\u0103 ereditatea extranuclear\u0103 ",
|
| 307 |
+
"C. con\u021bin ADN, ARN, ribozomi, enzime ",
|
| 308 |
+
"D. nu se formeaz\u0103 niciodat\u0103 \u201e de novo\u201d "
|
| 309 |
+
],
|
| 310 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 311 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 312 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 313 |
+
},
|
| 314 |
+
{
|
| 315 |
+
"question": "27. Membrana celular\u0103 la procariote: ",
|
| 316 |
+
"options": [
|
| 317 |
+
"A. formeaz\u0103 vezicule de exocitoz\u0103 ",
|
| 318 |
+
"B. catabolizeaz\u0103 un num\u0103r mare de substan\u021be ",
|
| 319 |
+
"C. formeaz\u0103 invagin\u0103ri cu rol respirator ",
|
| 320 |
+
"D. este constituit\u0103 din polizaharide \u0219i polipeptide "
|
| 321 |
+
],
|
| 322 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 323 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 324 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 325 |
+
},
|
| 326 |
+
{
|
| 327 |
+
"question": "28. \u00cen constitu\u021bia organismelor vii : ",
|
| 328 |
+
"options": [
|
| 329 |
+
"A. actina \u015fi timina sunt baze azotate ",
|
| 330 |
+
"B. trigliceridele \u015fi chitina sunt lipide ",
|
| 331 |
+
"C. miozina \u015fi cheratina sunt glucide ",
|
| 332 |
+
"D. clorofila \u015fi anticorpii sunt proteine "
|
| 333 |
+
],
|
| 334 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 335 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 336 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 337 |
+
},
|
| 338 |
+
{
|
| 339 |
+
"question": "29. Bardoul \u0219i cat\u00e2rul: ",
|
| 340 |
+
"options": [
|
| 341 |
+
"A. au acela\u0219i num\u0103r de cromozomi cu genitorul matern ",
|
| 342 |
+
"B. au ca genitor i patern i Equs caballus , \u0219i Equs mulus ",
|
| 343 |
+
"C. au aceea\u0219i ereditate extranuclear\u0103 , deoarece au acela\u0219i num\u0103r de cromozomi ",
|
| 344 |
+
"D. sunt hibrizi reciproci , care manifest\u0103 sterilitate "
|
| 345 |
+
],
|
| 346 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 347 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 348 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 349 |
+
},
|
| 350 |
+
{
|
| 351 |
+
"question": "30. Urm\u0103toarele caractere ereditare normale se transmit exclusiv dominant: ",
|
| 352 |
+
"options": [
|
| 353 |
+
"A. prognatismul, forma \u00eengust\u0103 a nasului ",
|
| 354 |
+
"B. p\u0103rul c\u00e2rlion\u021bat, lobul liber al urechii ",
|
| 355 |
+
"C. forma lat\u0103 a nasului, lobul ata\u0219at al urechii ",
|
| 356 |
+
"D. p\u0103rul drept, strung\u0103rea\u021ba "
|
| 357 |
+
],
|
| 358 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 359 |
+
"type": "single-choice",
|
| 360 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 361 |
+
},
|
| 362 |
+
{
|
| 363 |
+
"question": "31. Victor Babe\u0219 a contribuit la dezvoltarea \u0219tiin\u021belor medicale mondiale deoarece : ",
|
| 364 |
+
"options": [
|
| 365 |
+
"1. a elaborat primul tratat de virusologie din lume ",
|
| 366 |
+
"2. a descoperit peste 50 de agen\u021bi patogeni ",
|
| 367 |
+
"3. a descoperit tratamentul \u00eem potriva malariei ",
|
| 368 |
+
"4. a ini\u021biat seroterapia modern\u0103 "
|
| 369 |
+
],
|
| 370 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 371 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 372 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 373 |
+
},
|
| 374 |
+
{
|
| 375 |
+
"question": "32. Citosolul con\u021bine : ",
|
| 376 |
+
"options": [
|
| 377 |
+
"1. fibre proteice , care formeaz\u0103 citoscheletul ",
|
| 378 |
+
"2. macromolecule , care formeaz\u0103 solu\u021bii coloidale ",
|
| 379 |
+
"3. microtubuli, microfilamente \u0219i fibre intermediare ",
|
| 380 |
+
"4. 1% ap\u0103, substan\u021be organice \u0219i anorganice "
|
| 381 |
+
],
|
| 382 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 383 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 384 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 385 |
+
},
|
| 386 |
+
{
|
| 387 |
+
"question": "33. Istoria ingineriei genetice include numeroase descoperiri, cum sunt: ",
|
| 388 |
+
"options": [
|
| 389 |
+
"1. 1967 \u2013 descoperirea structurii macromoleculei de ADN ",
|
| 390 |
+
"2. 1978 \u2013 na\u0219terea primului copil prin fertilizare in vitro ",
|
| 391 |
+
"3. 1979 \u2013 ob\u021binerea unei plante pornind de la un protoplast ",
|
| 392 |
+
"4. 1983 \u2013 ob\u021binerea primelor ,,himere\u201d interspecifice "
|
| 393 |
+
],
|
| 394 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 395 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 396 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 397 |
+
},
|
| 398 |
+
{
|
| 399 |
+
"question": "34. Trecerea coloizilor de la starea de sol la cea de gel depinde de: ",
|
| 400 |
+
"options": [
|
| 401 |
+
"1. cantitatea de ap\u0103 din celul\u0103 ",
|
| 402 |
+
"2. temperatur\u0103 ",
|
| 403 |
+
"3. v\u00e2rsta celulei 5 ",
|
| 404 |
+
" 4. prezen\u021ba O 2 "
|
| 405 |
+
],
|
| 406 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 407 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 408 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 409 |
+
},
|
| 410 |
+
{
|
| 411 |
+
"question": "35. Sunt corecte urm\u0103toarele asocieri \u00eentre fenotip \u015fi genotip la unele ras e de iepuri: ",
|
| 412 |
+
"options": [
|
| 413 |
+
"1. blan\u0103 de culoare cenu\u015fie \u2013 CC; Ccch; Cch; Cc ",
|
| 414 |
+
"2. blan\u0103 de culoare gri bej - cchcch; chch; cchch ",
|
| 415 |
+
"3. blan\u0103 complet alb\u0103 (iepure albinos) \u2013 cc ",
|
| 416 |
+
"4. blan\u0103 alb cu negru (iepure alb himalaian) \u2013 chc; cchc "
|
| 417 |
+
],
|
| 418 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 419 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 420 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 421 |
+
},
|
| 422 |
+
{
|
| 423 |
+
"question": "36. Prezint\u0103 sex b\u0103rb\u0103tesc homogametic: ",
|
| 424 |
+
"options": [
|
| 425 |
+
"1. c\u00e2nepa de var\u0103 ",
|
| 426 |
+
"2. amfibienii ",
|
| 427 |
+
"3. albina ",
|
| 428 |
+
"4. p\u0103s\u0103rile "
|
| 429 |
+
],
|
| 430 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 431 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 432 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 433 |
+
},
|
| 434 |
+
{
|
| 435 |
+
"question": "37. Sunt afirma\u0163ii adev\u0103rate referitoare la constituen\u0163ii specifici ai neuronului: ",
|
| 436 |
+
"options": [
|
| 437 |
+
"1. neurofibrilele sunt formate din reticul endoplasmatic rugos ",
|
| 438 |
+
"2. corpusculii Nissl sunt \u00eent\u00e2lni\u0163i \u00een corpul celular, axon \u015fi dendrite ",
|
| 439 |
+
"3. miofibrilele sunt a lc\u0103tuite din miofilamente de actin\u0103 \u015fi miozin\u0103 ",
|
| 440 |
+
"4. num\u0103rul corpilor tigroizi variaz\u0103 numeric, \u00een func\u0163ie de starea fiziologic\u0103 a celulei "
|
| 441 |
+
],
|
| 442 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 443 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 444 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 445 |
+
},
|
| 446 |
+
{
|
| 447 |
+
"question": "38. Sunt determinate de gene extranucleare : ",
|
| 448 |
+
"options": [
|
| 449 |
+
"1. neuropatia optic\u0103 Leber ",
|
| 450 |
+
"2. enzime implicate \u00een fotosintez\u0103 ",
|
| 451 |
+
"3. androsterilitatea la plante ",
|
| 452 |
+
"4. direc\u0163ia de r\u0103sucire a cochiliei la Limnaea "
|
| 453 |
+
],
|
| 454 |
+
"right_answer": "E",
|
| 455 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 456 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 457 |
+
},
|
| 458 |
+
{
|
| 459 |
+
"question": "39. La Zea mays: ",
|
| 460 |
+
"options": [
|
| 461 |
+
"1. determinismul sexelor este cromozomal cu heterozomi multipli ",
|
| 462 |
+
"2. planta are sexe separate determinate genic ",
|
| 463 |
+
"3. exist\u0103 plante femele de tip XX \u015fi plante mascule de tip XY ",
|
| 464 |
+
"4. apare fenomenul de inversare a sexului sub ac\u0163iunea unor virusuri "
|
| 465 |
+
],
|
| 466 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 467 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 468 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 469 |
+
},
|
| 470 |
+
{
|
| 471 |
+
"question": "40. Sunt tehnici specifice ingineriei genetice: ",
|
| 472 |
+
"options": [
|
| 473 |
+
"1. terapia genic\u0103 ",
|
| 474 |
+
"2. hibridarea somatic\u0103 ",
|
| 475 |
+
"3. transferul interspecific ",
|
| 476 |
+
"4. conversia genic\u0103 "
|
| 477 |
+
],
|
| 478 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 479 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 480 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 481 |
+
},
|
| 482 |
+
{
|
| 483 |
+
"question": "41. Selecta\u0163i speciile de fungi care fac parte din grupa Bazidiomicete: ",
|
| 484 |
+
"options": [
|
| 485 |
+
"1. Cantharellus cibarius ",
|
| 486 |
+
"2. Tilletia tritici ",
|
| 487 |
+
"3. Pleurotus ostreatus ",
|
| 488 |
+
"4. Monilia fructigena "
|
| 489 |
+
],
|
| 490 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 491 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 492 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 493 |
+
},
|
| 494 |
+
{
|
| 495 |
+
"question": "42. Sunt caractere de superioritate ale ciliatelor \u00een raport cu alte protozoare: ",
|
| 496 |
+
"options": [
|
| 497 |
+
"1. ingerarea hranei prin citostom \u015fi citofaringe ",
|
| 498 |
+
"2. formarea de chisturi \u00ee n condi\u0163ii de mediu neprielnice ",
|
| 499 |
+
"3. func\u0163ionarea alternativ\u0103 a celor dou\u0103 vacuole contractile ",
|
| 500 |
+
"4. hr\u0103nirea autotrof\u0103 la lumin\u0103 \u015fi heterotrof\u0103 la \u00eentuneric "
|
| 501 |
+
],
|
| 502 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 503 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 504 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 505 |
+
},
|
| 506 |
+
{
|
| 507 |
+
"question": "43. Sunt func\u021bii al e vacuolelor: ",
|
| 508 |
+
"options": [
|
| 509 |
+
"1. depozitarea substan\u021belor de rezerv\u0103 ",
|
| 510 |
+
"2. asigurarea constan\u021bei pH -ului celular ",
|
| 511 |
+
"3. men\u021binerea turgescen\u021bei celulei ",
|
| 512 |
+
"4. participarea la procesul de absorb\u021bie a apei "
|
| 513 |
+
],
|
| 514 |
+
"right_answer": "E",
|
| 515 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 516 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 517 |
+
},
|
| 518 |
+
{
|
| 519 |
+
"question": "44. Plastidele, spre deosebire de mitocondrii: ",
|
| 520 |
+
"options": [
|
| 521 |
+
"1. se multiplic\u0103 prin diviziune ",
|
| 522 |
+
"2. sunt specializate func\u021bional ",
|
| 523 |
+
"3. se g\u0103sesc \u00een celulele tuturor organismelor oxibionte ",
|
| 524 |
+
"4. pot transforma energia solar\u0103 \u00een energie chimic\u0103 "
|
| 525 |
+
],
|
| 526 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 527 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 528 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 529 |
+
},
|
| 530 |
+
{
|
| 531 |
+
"question": "45. Enun\u021burile corecte cu privire la interac\u021biunea ereditate \u2013 mediu, sunt: ",
|
| 532 |
+
"options": [
|
| 533 |
+
"1. capacitatea organismelor de a r\u0103spunde la condi\u021biile de mediu este ereditar\u0103, \u00een limite impuse de genotipul lor ",
|
| 534 |
+
"2. la musculi\u021ba de o\u021bet umiditatea determin\u0103 apari\u021bia indivizilor cu benzi negre pe abdomen ",
|
| 535 |
+
"3. muta\u021biile genice pot conduce la cre\u0219terea heterozigo\u021biei, a fondului de gene a popula\u021biei \u0219i implicit a variabilit\u0103\u021bii acesteia. ",
|
| 536 |
+
"4. muta\u021biile sunt modif ic\u0103ri programate ale materialului genetic, rezultate \u00een urma recombin\u0103rilor genetice. "
|
| 537 |
+
],
|
| 538 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 539 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 540 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 541 |
+
},
|
| 542 |
+
{
|
| 543 |
+
"question": "46. Galactozemia se c aracterizeaz\u0103 prin: ",
|
| 544 |
+
"options": [
|
| 545 |
+
"1. blocarea sintezei unei catene din molecula hemoglobinei ",
|
| 546 |
+
"2. transformarea galactozei \u00een glucoz\u0103 ",
|
| 547 |
+
"3. \u00eenlocuirea acidului glutamic cu valina ",
|
| 548 |
+
"4. inhibarea metabolismului hidrocarburilor "
|
| 549 |
+
],
|
| 550 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 551 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 552 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 553 |
+
},
|
| 554 |
+
{
|
| 555 |
+
"question": "47. Alege\u021bi asocierea corect\u0103 \u00eentre specie \u0219i num\u0103rul de cromozomi corespunz\u0103tor: ",
|
| 556 |
+
"options": [
|
| 557 |
+
"1. ceap\u0103 \u2013 16 ",
|
| 558 |
+
"2. c\u00e2ine \u2013 78 ",
|
| 559 |
+
"3. cartof \u2013 48 ",
|
| 560 |
+
"4. oaie \u2013 20 "
|
| 561 |
+
],
|
| 562 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 563 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 564 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 565 |
+
},
|
| 566 |
+
{
|
| 567 |
+
"question": "48. Peretele celular are urmatoarele caracteristici : ",
|
| 568 |
+
"options": [
|
| 569 |
+
"1. la tulpinile lemnoase, pe fa\u021ba lui extern\u0103 , prin ad\u0103ugarea unor produs e secundare ale metabolismului celular, apare peretele secundar ",
|
| 570 |
+
"2. la plante, el este alc\u0103tuit din molecule de glucoz\u0103 \u00eenglobate \u00eentr -o matrice de pectin\u0103 \u0219i hemiceluloz\u0103 ",
|
| 571 |
+
"3. este impermeabil pentru ap\u0103, dar permeabil pentru majoritatea substan\u021belor solubile \u00een ap\u0103 ",
|
| 572 |
+
"4. celuloza \u00eei asigur\u0103 elasticitate, iar pectina \u0219i hemiceluloza \u00eei asigur\u0103 plasticitate. "
|
| 573 |
+
],
|
| 574 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 575 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 576 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 577 |
+
},
|
| 578 |
+
{
|
| 579 |
+
"question": "49. Alege\u021bi asocierile corecte dintre speciile prezentate \u0219i clasele din care fac parte acestea : ",
|
| 580 |
+
"options": [
|
| 581 |
+
"1. Rhyzomucor parasiticus \u2013 Ascomicete ",
|
| 582 |
+
"2. Ustilago maydis \u2013 Bazidiomicete ",
|
| 583 |
+
"3. Morchella esculenta \u2013 Zigomicete ",
|
| 584 |
+
"4. Cantharellus cibarius \u2013 Bazidiomicete "
|
| 585 |
+
],
|
| 586 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 587 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 588 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 589 |
+
},
|
| 590 |
+
{
|
| 591 |
+
"question": "50. Celulele vegetale mature , comparativ cu cele tinere, prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele caracteristici: ",
|
| 592 |
+
"options": [
|
| 593 |
+
"1. raportul volumului nucleu/citoplasm\u0103 este mult diferit ",
|
| 594 |
+
"2. pozi\u021bia nucleului este de regul\u0103 central\u0103 ",
|
| 595 |
+
"3. con\u021bin numeroase materii de rezerv\u0103 ",
|
| 596 |
+
"4. dimensiunile sunt mai mici "
|
| 597 |
+
],
|
| 598 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 599 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 600 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 601 |
+
},
|
| 602 |
+
{
|
| 603 |
+
"question": "51. Sunt considerate abateri aparente sau reale de la legile mendeliene ale eredit\u0103\u021bii: ",
|
| 604 |
+
"options": [
|
| 605 |
+
"1. dominan\u021ba complet\u0103 - la Pisum ",
|
| 606 |
+
"2. supradominan\u021ba \u2013 la hibrizi heterozigo\u021bi ",
|
| 607 |
+
"3. codominan\u021ba - la Mirabilis jalapa ",
|
| 608 |
+
"4. polialelia - la om "
|
| 609 |
+
],
|
| 610 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 611 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 612 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 613 |
+
},
|
| 614 |
+
{
|
| 615 |
+
"question": "52. Nucleolul, spre deosebire de ribozomi: ",
|
| 616 |
+
"options": [
|
| 617 |
+
"1. nu este delimitat de un \u00eenveli\u0219 membranar ",
|
| 618 |
+
"2. se dezorganizeaz\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul profazei ",
|
| 619 |
+
"3. con\u021bine ribonucleoproteine ",
|
| 620 |
+
"4. este \u00een contact direct cu carioplasma "
|
| 621 |
+
],
|
| 622 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 623 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 624 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 625 |
+
},
|
| 626 |
+
{
|
| 627 |
+
"question": "",
|
| 628 |
+
"options": [
|
| 629 |
+
"1. cristele mitocond riale ",
|
| 630 |
+
"2. aparatul genetic plastidial ",
|
| 631 |
+
"3. membranele tilacoidale ",
|
| 632 |
+
"4. lizozomii cu hidrolaze "
|
| 633 |
+
],
|
| 634 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 635 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 636 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 637 |
+
},
|
| 638 |
+
{
|
| 639 |
+
"question": "54. Este adenovirus : ",
|
| 640 |
+
"options": [
|
| 641 |
+
"1. virusul ebola ",
|
| 642 |
+
"2. bacteriogagul T4 ",
|
| 643 |
+
"3. virusul rabiei ",
|
| 644 |
+
"4. virusul herpetic "
|
| 645 |
+
],
|
| 646 |
+
"right_answer": "C",
|
| 647 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 648 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 649 |
+
},
|
| 650 |
+
{
|
| 651 |
+
"question": "55. Poliploizii se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin : ",
|
| 652 |
+
"options": [
|
| 653 |
+
"1. apar spontan la plantele din regiunile polare ",
|
| 654 |
+
"2. formele triploide manifest\u0103 sterilitate ",
|
| 655 |
+
"3. diploidizarea hibrizilor sterili poate induce f ertilitate ",
|
| 656 |
+
"4. sunt mai mici dec\u00e2t formele diploide ale aceleia\u0219i specii "
|
| 657 |
+
],
|
| 658 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 659 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 660 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 661 |
+
},
|
| 662 |
+
{
|
| 663 |
+
"question": "56. Nucleoplasma con\u021bine : ",
|
| 664 |
+
"options": [
|
| 665 |
+
"1. proteine fibrilare care me n\u021bin forma nucleului ",
|
| 666 |
+
"2. ioni, proteine, nucleotide ",
|
| 667 |
+
"3. o solu\u021bie coloidal\u0103 cu aspect omogen ",
|
| 668 |
+
"4. ribozomi implica\u021bi \u00een sinteza proteinelor "
|
| 669 |
+
],
|
| 670 |
+
"right_answer": "A",
|
| 671 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 672 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 673 |
+
},
|
| 674 |
+
{
|
| 675 |
+
"question": "57. Proteine le prezente \u00een membrana celular\u0103 au urm\u0103toarele func\u021bii : ",
|
| 676 |
+
"options": [
|
| 677 |
+
"1. enzimele \u2013 transmit semnale spre interiorul celulei ",
|
| 678 |
+
"2. receptorii \u2013 formeaz\u0103 leg\u0103turi de hidrogen cu apa ",
|
| 679 |
+
"3. canalele \u2013 reduc fluiditatea prin membran\u0103 ",
|
| 680 |
+
"4. markeri i \u2013 recunosc celule de acela\u0219i tip "
|
| 681 |
+
],
|
| 682 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 683 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 684 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 685 |
+
},
|
| 686 |
+
{
|
| 687 |
+
"question": "58. Sunt adev\u0103rate urm\u0103toarele enun\u021buri referitoare la enzimele din lizozomi: ",
|
| 688 |
+
"options": [
|
| 689 |
+
"1. se stocheaz\u0103 \u00een stare inactiv\u0103 ",
|
| 690 |
+
"2. prin eliberare se activeaz\u0103 ",
|
| 691 |
+
"3. pot liza unele organite uzate ",
|
| 692 |
+
"4. au rol \u00een autofagie \u0219i heterofagie "
|
| 693 |
+
],
|
| 694 |
+
"right_answer": "E",
|
| 695 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 696 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 697 |
+
},
|
| 698 |
+
{
|
| 699 |
+
"question": "59. Sunt caracteristic i ale peretelui celular: ",
|
| 700 |
+
"options": [
|
| 701 |
+
"1. se formeaz\u0103 imediat dup\u0103 diviziune \u0219i este elastic ",
|
| 702 |
+
"2. lamela mijlocie este format\u0103 \u00een special din celuloz\u0103 ",
|
| 703 |
+
"3. prezint\u0103 punctu a\u021biuni traversate de plasmodesme ",
|
| 704 |
+
"4. men\u021bine forma celulei fiind definit ca endoschelet "
|
| 705 |
+
],
|
| 706 |
+
"right_answer": "B",
|
| 707 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 708 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 709 |
+
},
|
| 710 |
+
{
|
| 711 |
+
"question": "60. Alege\u021bi varianta/variantele corecte referitoare la acizii nucleici : ",
|
| 712 |
+
"options": [
|
| 713 |
+
"1. T. H. Morgan a demonstrat c\u0103 ADN -ul are o structur\u0103 bicatenar\u0103 ",
|
| 714 |
+
"2. cantitatea de ADN se dubleaz\u0103 \u00een interfaz\u0103 prin transcrip\u021bie ",
|
| 715 |
+
"3. informa\u021bia genetic\u0103 este copiat\u0103 \u00eentr -o anumit\u0103 succesiune a aminoacizilor ",
|
| 716 |
+
"4. cu ajutorul anticodonului, ARNt recunoa\u0219te codonul specific aminoacidului din ARNm "
|
| 717 |
+
],
|
| 718 |
+
"right_answer": "D",
|
| 719 |
+
"type": "multiple-choice",
|
| 720 |
+
"description": ""
|
| 721 |
+
}
|
| 722 |
+
]
|