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the whole set of experimental data from the in vivo work ( 1 , 3 ) fit into the view that ca2+ might increase the velocity of iodine entry into and the concentration of iodine in the thyroid by promoting exo cytosis of non iodinated thyroglobulin ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
183,
190
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
233,
246
]
} |
an increase in different blood parameters [ viz , red blood corpuscles ( rbc ) counts , haemoglobin ( hb ) content and packed cell volume ( pcv ) etc . ] was observed under submerged water and exclusive air breathing conditions . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red blood corpuscles",
"pos": [
50,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
88,
99
]
} |
the retention of thyroglobulin on these supports would account , in part , for the observed presence of thyroid proteins with antigenic determinants identical to 19s-thyroglobulin in chromatographed subfractions of notionally lower molecular weight . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
104,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
166,
179
]
} |
marked alterations in monocyte macrophage generation and distribution , especially the t1/2 of circulating monocytes were demonstrated . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026473",
"name": "monocyte",
"pos": [
22,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0108768",
"name": "2",
"pos": [
90,
91
]
} |
marked alterations in monocyte macrophage generation and distribution , especially the t1/2 of circulating monocytes were demonstrated . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024432",
"name": "generation",
"pos": [
42,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0108768",
"name": "2",
"pos": [
90,
91
]
} |
hemolysates of newt ( triturus cristatus ) red cells contain four distinct hemoglobin species which have been observed consistently both in individual animals and pooled samples . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
43,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
75,
85
]
} |
the triggering requirements of t cells differ for primed and unprimed cells : primed t cells can be triggered to produce lymphokines without viable antigen-presenting cells ( apcs ) , apparently by crosslinking the t-cell receptor ( tcr ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
31,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-cell receptor",
"pos": [
215,
230
]
} |
these results demonstrate ( 1 ) that cathepsin b expression in the thyroid is regulated in parallel with that of thyroglobulin and actin , and ( 2 ) that cyclic amp- and ca2+-dependent processes stimulate gene expression , while phorbol ester treatment inhibits gene expression in frtl5 cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
113,
126
]
} |
when isolated from fresh bovine hearts , cardiac troponin t contained 0.21 +/- 0.11 mol phosphate per mol ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0018787",
"name": "hearts",
"pos": [
32,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C3538889",
"name": "cardiac troponin t",
"pos": [
41,
59
]
} |
to elucidate the phenotypic expression of proliferating prostatic cells , rats were castrated , and the regenerating process of involuted ventral prostates during testosterone propionate ( tp ) administration was investigated by examining morphology , [ 5-125i ] iododeoxyuridine ( 125i-udr ) uptake , dna content , weight , acid phosphatase , and delta 4-steroid 5 alpha-reductase ( 5 alpha-reductase ) activities . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostatic",
"pos": [
56,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0039602",
"name": "5 alpha-reductase",
"pos": [
384,
401
]
} |
prostatic 5 alpha-reductase was highly active at the initial phase of active mitotic cell division . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostatic",
"pos": [
0,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0039602",
"name": "5 alpha-reductase",
"pos": [
10,
27
]
} |
moreover , in gemsa-treated animals , hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and serum luteinizing hormone levels were increased by 75 % . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
38,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing",
"pos": [
51,
80
]
} |
while parasitized erythrocytes have been shown to specifically bind to the platelet/matrix molecule thrombospondin , adherence to suitable target cells can also be blocked by monoclonal antibody okm5 , which recognizes a surface molecule expressed by hematopoietic cells and endothelium . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
75,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
100,
114
]
} |
erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate ( 2,3-dpg ) is an important regulator of oxygen release , as it affects the position of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0030069",
"name": "oxyhemoglobin",
"pos": [
127,
140
]
} |
the non-frozen rat islet cells released 1.29 pg insulin/cell.60 min in the presence of 3.3 mm glucose and this release level was significantly elevated to 1.64 pg insulin/cell.60 min in the presence of 16.7 mm glucose . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
19,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
163,
170
]
} |
however , the islet cells frozen at a cooling rate of 1 degree c/min secreted 1.74 and 1.92 pg insulin/cell.60 min in the presence of 3.3 mm and 16.7 mm glucose respectively . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
14,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
95,
102
]
} |
the hypothalamic decapeptide gnrh is known to regulate the synthesis and secretion of lh and fsh by pituitary gonadotrope cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
29,
33
]
} |
this was determined as follows : ( a ) 4 t cell clones , c6 , r1 , g22 and i9 , out of 43 t cell clones with various antigen specificities , major histocompatibility complex restrictions and v beta usages not only bound kt50 and kt65 but also expressed v alpha 8 mrna , ( b ) kt50 and kt65 precipitated molecules from the clone c6 similar to the t cell receptor molecules precipitated in c6 cells by kt11 ( anti-v beta 11 ) or ktl2 ( anti-ti ) and ( c ) kt50 and kt65 were mitogenic and induced cytotoxicity . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
41,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell receptor",
"pos": [
346,
361
]
} |
because cck and ceruletide stimulate phosphoinositide turnover in pancreatic islets , we examined the effects of carbachol and phorbol ester tpa on iri release in the presence of 5.6 mm glucose . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic",
"pos": [
66,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "iri",
"pos": [
148,
151
]
} |
in the reactions of thyroid peroxidase , the one- and two-electron oxidations of ascorbate were also mediated by 0.2 and 0.7 % iodine thyroglobulins , respectively . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
20,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulins",
"pos": [
134,
148
]
} |
changes in serum thyroid hormone , thyrotropin and thyroglobulin concentrations during thyroxine therapy in patients with solitary thyroid nodules . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
17,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
51,
64
]
} |
high frequency of in situ hybridization on thin plastic sections of human placenta with a cdna probe for beta hcg . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032043",
"name": "placenta",
"pos": [
74,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0106132",
"name": "beta hcg",
"pos": [
105,
113
]
} |
their applicability was demonstrated by use of human placenta of the tenth gestational week and a tritium-labeled cdna probe for the beta-subunit of hcg . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032043",
"name": "placenta",
"pos": [
53,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0106132",
"name": "beta-subunit",
"pos": [
133,
145
]
} |
using purified basement membrane components and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis we show that dispase cleaves fibronectin and type iv collagen , but not laminin , type v collagen , serum albumin , or transferrin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
15,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
151,
167
]
} |
the effects of the islet cell hormones glucagon , somatostatin-28 and pancreatic polypeptide on insulin secretion from cultured cloned pancreatic b cells ( hit-t15 and rinm5f ) have been investigated . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cell",
"pos": [
19,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
96,
103
]
} |
consequently the biological effects of oestrogens in the anterior pituitary gland of the rat ( prolactin synthesis , concentration of progesterone-binding sites and cell proliferation ) are diminished . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "anterior pituitary gland",
"pos": [
57,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
95,
104
]
} |
in the physiologic interaction between t cells and accessory cells , the interaction of lfa-1 with its ligand , intercellular adhesion molecule 1 , may therefore not only facilitate cellular adhesion , but also may amplify t cell activation by delivering costimulatory signals . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
39,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0063695",
"name": "intercellular adhesion molecule",
"pos": [
112,
143
]
} |
cd2-cd3/tcr+ t cell clones could be triggered into proliferation , il-2 production , and cytotoxic effector activity by anti-cd3 and anti-tcr mabs . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
13,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
138,
141
]
} |
and ( b ) expression of cd2 at the level of protein and/or mrna is not required for t cell signaling via the cd3/tcr molecular complex . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
84,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
113,
116
]
} |
we now demonstrate differential regulation of thyroid cell genes by recombinant gamma if , as evidenced by data obtained measuring thyroglobulin ( tg ) mrna and mhc class ii alpha-chain mrna transcripts . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
46,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
131,
144
]
} |
furthermore , using probes to the 5 ' region of the rat tg gene we recognized not just a 9.0-kilobase ( kb ) mrna , but also an additional 1.1-kb message in all proliferating thyroid cell cultures , suggesting truncation or alternative splicing of the tg mrna . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
175,
182
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
252,
254
]
} |
using cultured islet cells from both splenic lobe ( sl ) and uncinate process ( up ) of the dog pancreas , we have measured responses of insulin , glucagon , and pancreatic polypeptide ( pp ) to glucose , carbamylcholine ( carbachol ) , and exogenous pp . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
15,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
137,
144
]
} |
under certain experimental conditions ( anti-cd3 or anti-cd2 antibody stimulation ) , the patients ' lymphocytes expressed low levels of il-2 surface receptors and failed to produce normal amounts of this lymphokine . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
101,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
205,
215
]
} |
the retention or disappearance of the basement-membrane components nidogen , laminin , collagen iv , and heparan sulfate proteoglycan was subsequently assayed by immunofluorescence . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement-membrane",
"pos": [
38,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen iv",
"pos": [
87,
98
]
} |
the hydration status of sickle erythrocytes improved as was indicated by a change toward normal in gradient osmotic ektacytometry , an increase in rbc k+ content , a decrease in percent of dense cells , and a decrease in the mchc . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
147,
150
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "mchc",
"pos": [
225,
229
]
} |
blood samples from a female sheep-goat hybrid and its back-cross male offspring were tested for electrophoretic variants of plasma albumin , transferrin and esterase , and of red cell carbonic anhydrase , nucleoside phosphorylase , nadh-diaphorase , ' x'-protein , superoxide dismutase , malic enzyme and haemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
175,
183
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
305,
316
]
} |
in addition to their general function in cellular homeostasis , thyroid lysosomes play an essential role in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones by cleaving the macromolecular prohormone , thyroglobulin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
64,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
189,
202
]
} |
during the period of hypercortisolemia , cd2 , cd3 , and cd4 lymphocyte percentages were decreased ( p less than 0.01 ) while cd20 and hla-dr lymphocyte percentages were increased ( p less than 0.01 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "cd4",
"pos": [
57,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0019764",
"name": "hla-dr",
"pos": [
135,
141
]
} |
testosterone ( t ) replacement suppresses the postcastraction hypersection of follicle-stimulating hormone ( fsh ) in monkeys with an intact central nervous system ( cns ) , but not in hypothalamic-lesioned animals in which the pituitary-testicular axis is driven by an i.v . infusion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( gnrh ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
185,
197
]
} | {
"id": "C1521753",
"name": "i",
"pos": [
307,
308
]
} |
the results suggested that double-negative t cells expressing the tcr gamma/delta might play an ontogenically unique role in the development of the t cell functions . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
43,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "tcr gamma/delta",
"pos": [
66,
81
]
} |
these data therefore strongly indicate that crh acts via the intermediacy of avp to release beta-e from hypothalamic slices in vitro and that two separate second messenger systems are involved : a camp-linked mechanism connected to a cholera toxin-sensitive g-protein ( crh ) and a second system linked to a ptx-sensitive g-protein ( avp ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
104,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crh",
"pos": [
270,
273
]
} |
within the hypothalamus somatostatin mrna levels are increased and gh-releasing factor mrna levels are reduced compared to those in nontransgenic littermates . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
11,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
24,
36
]
} |
plasma levels and hypophyseal contents of lh and fsh , plasma levels of testosterone and hypothalamic content of gnrh were determined . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
89,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
113,
117
]
} |
morphologic and functional characterization of human peripheral blood t cells expressing the t cell receptor gamma/delta . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
70,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "t cell receptor gamma/delta",
"pos": [
93,
120
]
} |
we have previously shown that stimulation of fibroblasts with viruses or bacteria results in a simultaneous production of several cytokines , including interferon-beta , interleukin ( il ) 6 and colony-stimulating factors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
45,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0015980",
"name": "interferon-beta",
"pos": [
152,
167
]
} |
immunohistochemistry has been used to investigate disulfide- and non-disulfide-linked forms of the t cell receptor gamma/delta heterodimer ( tcr gamma/delta ) in blood and intestinal epithelium of normal human small intestine , intestine of patients with untreated coeliac disease ( in whom t cells expressing tcr gamma/delta are disproportionately raised ) , intestine of patients with tropical malabsorption , and in the human fetus . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
291,
298
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "tcr gamma/delta",
"pos": [
310,
325
]
} |
in blood from adult volunteers , 90 % of t cells expressing tcr gamma/delta use the disulfide-linked form . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
41,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "tcr gamma/delta",
"pos": [
60,
75
]
} |
in contrast in the epithelium in normal small intestine , coeliac disease and tropical malabsorption , most of the t cells expressing tcr gamma/delta use the non-disulfide-linked form . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
115,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "tcr gamma/delta",
"pos": [
134,
149
]
} |
this supports the concept of an action `` '' in concert ' of gastrointestinal incretin hormones postprandially released on the endocrine pancreas to guarantee adequate insulin answers after meals . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "endocrine pancrea",
"pos": [
127,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insuli",
"pos": [
168,
174
]
} |
liver glutamine synthase activity increased by 58 % and glutamate dehydrogenase by 40 % , whereas glutaminase was not affected . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
0,
5
]
} | {
"id": "C0017796",
"name": "glutaminase",
"pos": [
98,
109
]
} |
primary cultures and tissue samples of chicken embryonic muscle were immunologically probed for the expression of muscle-specific proteins , such as myosin heavy chain and the tropomyosins , as well as for the nuclear lamina protein , lamin a . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026845",
"name": "muscle",
"pos": [
57,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0026832",
"name": "muscle",
"pos": [
114,
120
]
} |
we now show that tsp-dependent platelet-monocyte interactions are mediated by glycoprotein iv ( gpiv ) , an intrinsic membrane protein recently identified as a cell surface tsp receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
31,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
173,
176
]
} |
thymic deficiency associated with a high proportion of t cells expressing the gamma delta t cell receptor has been described in nude mice , and it is suggested that the immune deficiency of this patient may represent a human analogue . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
55,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "gamma delta t cell receptor",
"pos": [
78,
105
]
} |
protection from diabetes did not follow neonatal elimination of t cells with cd4 and cd8 antibodies , nor the injection of a tcr subset antibody , f23.1 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
64,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
125,
128
]
} |
the results revealed that the basic blood vessel structure of the langerhans ' islands , and its insulin secretory function , were maintained relatively well in the long-term , duct-ligated pancreas though the capillary network spreading in the pancreatic exocrine part could hardly be observed . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
59,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
97,
104
]
} |
these studies indicate that the hypercalciuria of the ap-grafted rat is not mediated via an anti-gonadal effect of the prolactin-secreting pituitary graft . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "ap",
"pos": [
54,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
119,
128
]
} |
scid lymphocytes responded to il-2 by becoming adherent lank cells with potent nk-like activity , suggesting that soluble lymphokines other than il-2 that may have been produced by t cells were not required for the generation of lank cell activity in mice . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
5,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
122,
133
]
} |
numerical results are presented for three potentially adverse lead-induced effects of interest to epa : elevated erythrocyte protoporphyrin ( ep ) , hemoglobin ( hb ) decrement , and intelligence quotient ( iq ) decrement . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
113,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
149,
159
]
} |
the dhtr was associated with severe pain crisis , with spherocytic hemolytic anemia , a positive direct antiglobulin test result , previously undetected erythrocyte alloantibodies , and disappearance of hb a on cellulose acetate electrophoresis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
153,
164
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
203,
205
]
} |
the mean islet yield per gram pancreas obtained from the last twelve consecutive glands was 2,098 +/- 292 representing an insulin recovery of 36.1 +/- 6.5 % . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet",
"pos": [
9,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
122,
129
]
} |
interference of plasma fluorophores on the red blood cell zinc protoporphyrin : haemoglobin ratio as determined on a haematofluorimeter . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red blood cell",
"pos": [
43,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
80,
91
]
} |
in order to study potential mechanisms involved in the production of antibodies to insulin , we transplanted different strains of mice with histoincompatible non-islet cells ( att20-ins and nih-3t3-ins ) synthesizing homologous insulin , in contrast to immunization with non-transfected cells and insulin in freund 's adjuvant . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
162,
173
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
297,
304
]
} |
although gonadal effects are well characterized , the impact of etoh on the hypothalamic peptide luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) has been less well defined . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
76,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing",
"pos": [
97,
126
]
} |
the releasability of hypothalamic lhrh in the presence of etoh has not been directly studied . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
21,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
34,
38
]
} |
drugs which influence the electrical activity of insulin-secreting b cells of mammalian islets of langerhans by closing ( tolbutamide and glibenclamide ) or opening ( diazoxide ) atp-sensitive potassium channels were applied to the ventricular muscle of the rat . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
46,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
49,
56
]
} |
the immunoperoxidase technique was used to study functional cell types in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland and to detect growth hormone ( gh ) and prolactin ( prl ) target sites in the prostate gland . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "pars distalis of",
"pos": [
78,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
155,
164
]
} |
two hypothalamic blocks can release a sufficient amount of lhrh to produce lh secretion in the pituitary cell preparation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
59,
63
]
} |
the data indicated an alteration in the 24 hour pattern of hypothalamic content of lhrh after adrenalectomy , castration or pinealectomy . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
59,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
83,
87
]
} |
the cytotoxic potential and ability to produce endogenous ecotropic virus ( es ) of thymic- , splenic- , and lymph node-derived lymphocytes were significantly ( and differentially ) altered following thymosin treatment of young ( nonleukemic ) and aged ( preleukemic ) akr mice . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040113",
"name": "thymic",
"pos": [
84,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0040106",
"name": "thymosin",
"pos": [
200,
208
]
} |
a sixth member , whose erythrocyte ada level of 48 nmol/hr/ml hb was within two standard deviations ( 32 ) of the mean ( 76 ) was shown by ada determination on platelets to be clearly heterozygous . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
23,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
62,
64
]
} |
markers commonly used for the identification of b lymphocytes ( surface immunoglobulins ) and t lymphocytes ( receptors for sheep red blood cells ) were unreliable for the analysis of colostral cells ( unless accompanied by subsequent morphological characterization ) because strong fluorescence was observed on the surface of many non-lymphoid cells and because numerous macrophages and colostral corpuscles formed rosettes with sheep red blood cells ( srbc ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
94,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0108773",
"name": "receptors",
"pos": [
110,
119
]
} |
the high proportion of alloreactive t lymphocytes and many of the available data on t cell receptors can be explained by one single hypothesis with four basic assumptions : a ) the functional induction of t lineage cells in the thymus inherently causes a selection for v-regions that bind to major histocompatibility antigens ( mha ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
36,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell receptors",
"pos": [
84,
100
]
} |
rna and dna concentration was measured in hypothalamus , pituitary , ovary and uterus of immature female rats after treatment with 5 doses of lh-rh , pmsg , hcg , fsh + lh , estradiol benzoate or progesterone . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
42,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
142,
147
]
} |
the drug had no effect on the plasma concentration of luteinising hormone , but treated hens showed a reduced hypothalamic sensitivity to exogenous progesterone , whilst the capacity of the pituitary to respond to luteinising hormone releasing hormone was unimpaired . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
110,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinising hormone releasing hormone",
"pos": [
214,
251
]
} |
it is difficult , however , to analyse antigens extracted from entire parasitized red cells because of contamination with normal red cell constituents , notably haemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
82,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
161,
172
]
} |
potential host receptors identified to date that are expressed on endothelial cells ( cd36 , thrombospondin and icam-1 ) and the parasite-mediated changes in the infected erythrocyte ( knob formation , senescence and the expression of parasite-derived neoantigens ) are considered as well as the relevance of sequestration as a virulence factor in human disease and its potential role in parasite biology . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0225336",
"name": "endothelial cells",
"pos": [
66,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
93,
107
]
} |
infusion of progestins into the hypothalamus of female new zealand white rabbits : effect on in vivo luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone release as determined with push-pull perfusion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
32,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
101,
138
]
} |
previously , we have reported that intermittent infusion of progesterone ( p4 ; 10 ng/ml ) into the hypothalamus of conscious unrestrained female new zealand white rabbits stimulates lhrh release in vivo . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
100,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
183,
187
]
} |
a possible role of hypothalamic somatostatin in the maintenance of rat pituitary responsiveness to growth hormone-releasing factor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
19,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
32,
44
]
} |
a possible role of hypothalamic somatostatin in the maintenance of rat pituitary responsiveness to growth hormone-releasing factor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
19,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth hormone-releasing factor",
"pos": [
99,
130
]
} |
to characterize the role of hypothalamic somatostatin ( srif ) in regulating pituitary responsiveness to gh-releasing factor ( grf ) in vitro , we reduced srif input to the rat anterior pituitary through the portal vessels . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
28,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
155,
159
]
} |
three different paradigms were used as follows : 1 ) anterolateral hypothalamic deafferentation , 2 ) electrolytic lesions of the periventricular nucleus , and 3 ) passive immunization with srif antiserum . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
67,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
190,
194
]
} |
even 1 day after these treatments , gh responsiveness was clearly attenuated by anterolateral hypothalamic differentiation ( 8.61 +/- 0.78 vs. 3.62 +/- 0.54 micrograms gh/h ; p less than 0.01 ) , periventricular nucleus lesions ( 6.52 +/- 1.07 vs. 3.20 +/- 0.53 micrograms gh/h ; p less than 0.01 ) and passive immunization with srif antiserum ( 5.80 +/- 0.43 vs. 2.54 +/- 0.16 micrograms gh/h ; p less than 0.01 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
94,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
329,
333
]
} |
altered pituitary growth hormone ( gh ) regulation in streptozotocin-diabetic rats : a combined defect of hypothalamic somatostatin and gh-releasing factor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
106,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
119,
131
]
} |
altered pituitary growth hormone ( gh ) regulation in streptozotocin-diabetic rats : a combined defect of hypothalamic somatostatin and gh-releasing factor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
106,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "gh-releasing factor",
"pos": [
136,
155
]
} |
an interplay between hypothalamic gh-releasing factor ( grf ) and inhibitory factor [ somatostatin ( srif ) ] secretion is thought to account for episodic pituitary gh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
21,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "gh-releasing factor",
"pos": [
34,
53
]
} |
an interplay between hypothalamic gh-releasing factor ( grf ) and inhibitory factor [ somatostatin ( srif ) ] secretion is thought to account for episodic pituitary gh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
21,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "grf",
"pos": [
56,
59
]
} |
an interplay between hypothalamic gh-releasing factor ( grf ) and inhibitory factor [ somatostatin ( srif ) ] secretion is thought to account for episodic pituitary gh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
21,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
101,
105
]
} |
taken together these data support a combined role for decreased hypothalamic grf and increased srif in mediating alterations of gh synthesis and secretion in streptozotocin-induced diabetes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
64,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "grf",
"pos": [
77,
80
]
} |
taken together these data support a combined role for decreased hypothalamic grf and increased srif in mediating alterations of gh synthesis and secretion in streptozotocin-induced diabetes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
64,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
95,
99
]
} |
despite a marked increase in serum lh levels , no significant changes in catecholamine content or ne turnover rate were observed in any of the hypothalamic nuclei of the lhrh neuronal system at any time after t withdrawal . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
143,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
170,
174
]
} |
these results are consistent with the hypothesis that beta-adrenergic blocking compounds enhance the responsivity of the pituitary gland to agents that permit gh release by inhibiting hypothalamic somatostatin secretion or action . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
184,
196
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
197,
209
]
} |
histological studies on newt adenohypophyses revealed that the cells that immunologically reacted with the antiserum against newt prl correspond to the ones positively stained with the antiserum against bullfrog prl . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "adenohypophyses",
"pos": [
29,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prl",
"pos": [
212,
215
]
} |
in the female ap , ps mrna levels were not detected until early puberty and thus exhibited a developmental profile different from that of prolactin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "ap",
"pos": [
14,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
138,
147
]
} |
we obtained a murine mab produced against an il-2-dependent human t cell clone defining a novel molecule sta which is not expressed on resting human peripheral blood cd3+ cells but strongly expressed on a fraction of tcr-gamma delta-bearing clones . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
66,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "tcr-gamma delta",
"pos": [
217,
232
]
} |
mycoplasma arthritidis t cell mitogen ( mam ) , in association with its mhc ligand , is recognized by t cells that express tcr-alpha/beta assembled with a product ( s ) of the v beta 8 gene family . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
102,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "tcr-alpha/beta",
"pos": [
123,
137
]
} |
evidence was also obtained that mam can activate t cells that express all three v beta 8 tcr . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
49,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
89,
92
]
} |
the mab , f23.1 , which recognizes all v beta 8 gene products , was strongly inhibitory for mam-induced proliferation of cba cells whose t cell repertoire for mam consists of t cells that express v beta 8.2 and 8.3 tcr . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
175,
182
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
215,
218
]
} |
the capacity of the staphylococcal enterotoxins to stimulate all t cells bearing certain ( but not all ) tcr has generated a great deal of interest . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
65,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
105,
108
]
} |
we assessed cd4 function by measuring the ability of cd4+ t cells to form conjugates with cell size lipid vesicles , artificial target cells ( atc ) , bearing the natural ligand for cd4 , mhc class ii proteins . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039215",
"name": "cd4",
"pos": [
12,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0019630",
"name": "mhc",
"pos": [
188,
191
]
} |
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