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there was no evidence of induction or enhancement of thyroid-microsomal and thyroglobulin autoantibody production in supernatants from the cocultures of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells and hla-dr positive thyrocytes from normal controls and patients with graves ' disease . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
53,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
76,
89
]
} |
hypothalamic srif content did not differ significantly between diabetic and diabetes-resistant rats ( 186 +/- 12 vs. 178 +/- 10 ng/mg protein ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
13,
17
]
} |
the arrangement of intra- and intermolecular disulfide bonds in the carboxyterminal , non-collagenous aggregation and cross-linking domain of basement-membrane type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement-membrane",
"pos": [
142,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
160,
176
]
} |
for example , the products of fusion of tadpole erythroblasts with adult frog mature rbcs synthesize adult hb , whereas neither cell population alone does so . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbcs",
"pos": [
85,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
107,
109
]
} |
fusion of erythroblasts from such tadpoles with rbc from frogs that had expressed hb td-4 when they were tadpoles produces polykaryons that synthesize hb td-4 , indicating there is a trans factor that stimulates td-4 expression . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
48,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
151,
153
]
} |
human t cell specific proteinase ( hutsp ) is encoded by the t cell and natural killer cell specific human hanukah factor ( huhf ) gene . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022688",
"name": "natural",
"pos": [
72,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C1313497",
"name": "human hanukah factor",
"pos": [
101,
121
]
} |
the function of the factor to activate macrophages was destroyed by treatment with a small amount of anti-interferon ( ifn ) -gamma antiserum or under acidic conditions ( ph 2 ) , but not by treatment with anti-ifn-alpha/beta antiserum , while the anti-viral activity was destroyed almost completely by treatment with anti-ifn-alpha/beta antiserum . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024432",
"name": "macrophages",
"pos": [
39,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0015980",
"name": "ifn",
"pos": [
323,
326
]
} |
plasma was taken , frozen and stored for tsh-radioimmunoassay ( ria ) and the hypothalami were removed and homogenized in either 0.1 n hcl ( for trh-ria ) or 0.2 n acetic acid ( for srif-ria ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalami",
"pos": [
78,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
182,
186
]
} |
luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone challenge experiments demonstrated that the responsiveness of the pituitary to this hypothalamic regulator of testicular androgen production was unimpaired by cisplatin treatment , indicating that hypothalamic production or secretion of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone may be deficient in the cisplatin-treated animals . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
122,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
275,
312
]
} |
dht-treatment was shown to produce a decreased carbohydrate tolerance that was due to an impaired release of insulin from pancreatic islets and not due to a decreased sensitivity to insulin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islets",
"pos": [
122,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
182,
189
]
} |
mitochondrial-synaptosomal fractions ( p2 ) from the basomedial hypothalamus of adult ovariectomized rats were employed to study the effects of estradiol benzoate ( eb ) and progesterone ( p ) on the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
64,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing",
"pos": [
211,
222
]
} |
in addition to hypothalamic sites known to contain lhrh , several extrahypothalamic structures in both male and female rats were discovered to contain the decapeptide . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
15,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
51,
55
]
} |
in the glaucoma cases and in controls , we demonstrated that the electron dense basement membrane-like material in the peripheral portion of the trabecular beams and in the juxtacanalicular meshwork , consists at least in part , of type iv collagen , a noncollagenous protein ( `` '' laminin '' '' ) and fibronectin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
80,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
232,
248
]
} |
successful detection of red cells containing the human frameshift mutants hb wayne and hb cranston using monospecific fluorescent antibodies . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
24,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
87,
89
]
} |
identification of a putative hypothalamic mrna coding for somatostatin and of its product in cell-free translation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
29,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
58,
70
]
} |
high-speed image processing is used to make six simultaneous red cell measurements relating to size , hemoglobin content , central pallor , and shape . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
61,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
102,
112
]
} |
the effect of intraventricular gamma aminobutyric acid ( gaba ) on hypothalamic catecholamines and lhrh and on pituitary hormone release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
67,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
99,
103
]
} |
in order to study the mechanism of tumor cell invasion of basement membranes , a new method has been developed to quantify basement membrane ( type iv ) collagen degradation by living tumor cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
58,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
143,
150
]
} |
the c cells in complexes similar to the cells in thyroid parenchyma presented increased mitotic activity , enlarged cell bodies and a marked decrease in materials immunoreactive for calcitonin and c-thyroglobulin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
49,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
199,
212
]
} |
the results suggest that 1 ) the prevolutory lh surge and the first phase of fsh release are dependent on rostral afferents to the mbh which result in hypothalamic lhrh release and 2 ) the role of rostral afferents to the mbh in the second phase of fsh release is solely to result in hypothalamic lhrh release during proestrus . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
151,
163
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
297,
301
]
} |
such an effect of estrogen could be exerted directly upon the pituitary gland or indirectly via the hypothalamus to increase the release of endogenous gnrh , which subsequently induces its own receptors in pituitary gonadotrophs . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
100,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
151,
155
]
} |
the purpose of this investigation was to 1 ) develop a hypothalamic perifusion system which would allow measurement of spontaneous basal somatostatin ( srif ) release , 2 ) compare the immunological and biological activities of released srif , and 3 ) study the effect of membrane depolarization , extracellular calcium , and several neurotransmitters on srif release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
55,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
355,
359
]
} |
histologic , immunocytologic and subcellular changes in the rat adenohypophysis caused by prolactin , growth hormone and acth-producing transplanted pituitary tumors : a comparison with spontaneous prolactin-producing adenomas . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "adenohypophysis",
"pos": [
64,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
198,
207
]
} |
site of feedback control of fsh secretion in the male rat was studied by measuring changes in serum lh , fsh and hypothalamic lh-rh by radioimmunoassay in rats after castration and after 500 rad x-irradiation to the testis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
113,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
126,
131
]
} |
the rise in serum lh and fsh in castrated animals was associated with a significant fall in hypothalamic lh-rh 16 and 24 days after castration . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
92,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
105,
110
]
} |
serum fsh rose significantly after x-irradiation without a significant change in serum lh or hypothalamic lh-rh content up to 30 days after irradiation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
93,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
106,
111
]
} |
lymphocytes from 12 healthy donors were depleted of monocytes by velocity sedimentation at unit gravity ( average monocyte contamination 0.2 % ) and tested for spontaneous cytotoxicity ( sc ) against tumor target cells in 23 h microcytotoxicity assays . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026473",
"name": "monocytes",
"pos": [
52,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0108768",
"name": "monocyte",
"pos": [
114,
122
]
} |
this suggests that the hypothalamic synthesis and release of lhrh must also change during the year . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
23,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
61,
65
]
} |
the unusual phenotype of np-specific helper and suppressor cells is discussed , as is the potential use of these hapten-specific t cells and their secreted effector molecules in increasing our understanding of t-cell receptors , effector molecules and the fine specificity of the interacting network in the regulation of immune responses . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
129,
136
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
210,
216
]
} |
a 12 kd peptide , lh release-inhibiting factor ( lhrif ) , extracted from rat hypothalamus has been shown to inhibit lhrh-stimulated lh release from cultured anterior pituitary cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
78,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
117,
121
]
} |
we have shown previously that the rat hypothalamus retains in vitro its capacity of generating pulsatile release of gnrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
38,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "release",
"pos": [
105,
112
]
} |
we conclude that , in vitro , the hypothalamic neuronal circuitry resulting in gnrh pulsatile secretion is dependent on calcium and glucose availability and is sensitive to an ultrashort-loop inhibitory feedback mechanism . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
34,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
79,
83
]
} |
nonbutanol-extractable 131i ( nbe131i ) release by dog thyroid slices in vitro has been shown previously to be primarily thyroglobulin ( tg ) ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
55,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
121,
134
]
} |
in conclusion , in dog thyroid slices , tsh-stimulated nbe131i ( tg ) release was mediated by camp and inhibited by 10 ( -5 ) m carbamylcholine at a step beyond camp . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
23,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
65,
67
]
} |
coating of the membranes with extracellular matrix ( ecm ) components : collagen iv + laminin ( cl ) or reconstituted basement membrane ( rbm ) enhanced abp and trf secretion ( 200 % and 150 % , respectively ) , with rbm being more effective than cl in stimulating abp but not trf secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "rbm",
"pos": [
138,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "cl",
"pos": [
247,
249
]
} |
in order to elucidate the exact mechanism of the formation of bm , immune electron microscopic observation of type iv collagen , laminin and ph was made in rat liver with marked proliferation of bile ducts following ligation of the common bile duct . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "bm",
"pos": [
62,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
110,
126
]
} |
loss of dopamine ( 30-40 % ) in the hypothalamus of affected patients has been shown in recent studies , and is compatible with the reported abnormalities of growth hormone release in response to l-dopa administration , elevated plasma levels of msh , and reduced csf levels of somatostatin and beta-endorphins in these patients . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
36,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
278,
290
]
} |
these data provide indirect evidence of functional coupling of the opiate system with the hypothalamic gnrh pulse generator . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
90,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
103,
107
]
} |
dpg binds to tetrameric hb at a single site , and in red cells its normal concentration is equivalent to that of tetrameric hb . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
53,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
124,
126
]
} |
upon addition of chloride , a known competitor of dpg binding to hb , the shape of the oec becomes similar to that of red cell suspensions with the same dpg/hb ratio . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
118,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
157,
159
]
} |
the most likely interpretation of such finding is that circulating gh disrupts , for a negative feedback effect , hypothalamic opioid function and/or gh-releasing hormone ( ghrh ) producing neurons , through which opioids exert their action . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
114,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "gh-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
150,
170
]
} |
red blood cell zinc content is normally 38.5 +/- 2.7 micrograms/g hemoglobin v 16.5 micrograms/g hemoglobin found in the patient . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red blood cell",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
97,
107
]
} |
average maximum velocities were ( mmol/kg dry tissue/hr ) 134.1 +/- 7.3 for whole islets and 125.6 +/- 10.7 for the b-cell-enriched preparations from normal rats , 143.1 +/- 13.6 for b-cell-depleted islets from diabetic rats , and 124.4 +/- 10.7 for b-cell-depleted islets from insulin-treated diabetic animals . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "cell",
"pos": [
118,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
278,
285
]
} |
we propose that this cell type is a unique t-cell population distinguishable from typical tcr alpha beta+ t cells by its cd4-cd8- phenotype and a restricted tcr v beta repertoire . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
43,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
157,
160
]
} |
the present study was concerned with the effects of a transplantable prolactin-secreting pituitary tumor ( 7315b ) on the hypothalamic release of dopamine , luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone ( trh ) in gonadectomized , adrenalectomized male rats bearing subcutaneously a testosterone capsule and a corticosterone pellet . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
122,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
157,
194
]
} |
brain ammonia is generated from many enzymatic reactions , including glutaminase , glutamate dehydrogenase , and the purine nucleotide cycle . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0006104",
"name": "brain",
"pos": [
0,
5
]
} | {
"id": "C0017796",
"name": "glutaminase",
"pos": [
69,
80
]
} |
since most of the hypothalamus is behind the blood-brain barrier , it is unlikely estrone sulfate exerts a direct action on gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( gnrh ) neurons to reduce its secretion and , subsequently , gonadotropin levels . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
18,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gonadotropin-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
124,
154
]
} |
these observations indicate that islet cells might contain receptors for progestins and , combined with clinical observations by others , suggest that progestins have a direct effect on the islet cells and may modulate the release of insulin and/or other islet hormones . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
33,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
234,
241
]
} |
the role of glucokinase in the regulation of insulin secretion was examined in normal rat pancreatic islets and in chemically- and radiation-induced rat pancreatic b-cell tumours which show an impaired insulin secretory response to glucose . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islets",
"pos": [
90,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
202,
209
]
} |
induction of ovulation in normo-androgenic women , affected by primary hypothalamic amenorrhea , with chronic pulsatile administration of gnrh , using an automatic portable pump ( zyklomat ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
71,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
138,
142
]
} |
it is suggested that crosslinking of cytoskeletal proteins in red cells containing membrane-associated hemoglobin provides a rationale for the loss of membrane flexibility . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
62,
71
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
103,
113
]
} |
the high plasma gh and tsh concentrations in atd may reflect the reduced hypothalamic content of somatostatin in atd , and the reduced concentrations of esn may reflect reduced cholinergic activity in atd brain . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
73,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
97,
109
]
} |
these results suggested that antitumor activity of pcm was controlled by specifically sensitized pcl through lymphokines . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "pcl",
"pos": [
97,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
109,
120
]
} |
clear differences in activation requirements in resting and activated t cells via cd2 molecules were found . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
70,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0108773",
"name": "cd2",
"pos": [
82,
85
]
} |
no relation was found between thyroid volume and any of the following parameters : plasma tsh , t4 , t3 , thyroglobulin ( tg ) , urinary iodine excretion , tobacco and alcohol consumption . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
30,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
106,
119
]
} |
in order to suppress endogenous grf secretion and the inhibitory action of hypothalamic somatostatin ( srif ) , rats were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
75,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
103,
107
]
} |
the possibility that these blunted responses could be due to incomplete suppression of hypothalamic srif secretion by sodium pentobarbital was excluded by the use of rats that were passively immunized against srif ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
87,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
209,
213
]
} |
it appears thus that modulation of pituitary responsiveness to the action of grf is mediated by at least two independent mechanisms in the rat : in addition to the inhibitory action imposed by hypothalamic srif , which induces periods of refractoriness to the action of grf , it was shown in this study that in the pituitary level each grf stimulation also induces a transient desensitization of somatotrophs for about 1 h . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
193,
205
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
206,
210
]
} |
it appears thus that modulation of pituitary responsiveness to the action of grf is mediated by at least two independent mechanisms in the rat : in addition to the inhibitory action imposed by hypothalamic srif , which induces periods of refractoriness to the action of grf , it was shown in this study that in the pituitary level each grf stimulation also induces a transient desensitization of somatotrophs for about 1 h . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
193,
205
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "grf",
"pos": [
336,
339
]
} |
the effect of hypothalamic deafferentation on rat growth hormone-releasing factor ( rgrf ) -like immunoreactivity content in the medial basal hypothalamus of rats . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
14,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth hormone-releasing",
"pos": [
50,
74
]
} |
with no free oxygen present , whole blood , washed red cells in saline , and hemolyzed blood all showed a similar rate of methemoglobin formation when exposed to a 1:1 molar ratio of sodium nitrite . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
51,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
122,
135
]
} |
the inducibility of beta-casein in the comma-d cell line was further enhanced by a reconstituted basement membrane preparation enriched in laminin , collagen iv , and proteoglycans . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
97,
114
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen iv",
"pos": [
149,
160
]
} |
the immunohistologic distribution of the basement membrane components , type iv collagen and laminin , was evaluated in 57 alcohol-fixed , paraffin-embedded tissue sections which demonstrated immunostaining patterns with antigen preservation similar to that of frozen tissue sections . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
41,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
72,
79
]
} |
therefore total signal strength ( stot ) will depend upon the concentration of tcr ( and other accessory molecules that bind to cell surface ligands , e.g . cd4 and cd8 ) on t cells , the concentration of antigen on apc or targets and the affinity of interaction between receptors ( a broad term incorporating tcr plus cd4 and cd8 ) and antigen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
174,
181
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
310,
313
]
} |
the block of glycolysis at the pfk step caused a markedly diminished erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate content , resulting in an increased hemoglobin-oxygen affinity and compensatory accelerated erythrocyte production . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
69,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
140,
150
]
} |
pretreatment of the t cells with pma leads to a 40-50 % drop in surface t cell antigen receptor expression . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t",
"pos": [
3,
4
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell antigen receptor",
"pos": [
72,
95
]
} |
in these animals , there were significant increases in hypothalamic lhrh , norepinephrine ( ne ) , and dopamine levels and ne turnover rate at 56 compared to 36 days of age . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
55,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
68,
72
]
} |
this decrease in sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis to t negative feedback at puberty is accompanied by increases in hypothalamic lhrh , ne , and dopamine levels and ne turnover rate . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
36,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
142,
146
]
} |
adcc activity was partially absorbed by thyroid , orbital connective tissue and eye muscle membranes , and eye muscle cells , but not by liver membranes of thyroglobulin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
40,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
156,
169
]
} |
murine and human lymphocytes incubated in recombinant interleukin 2 ( ril 2 ) generate a population of cytotoxic cells ( lymphokine-activated killer cells [ lak ] ) , which are able to lyse a wide array of fresh tumor cells but do not lyse fresh normal cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
17,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lak",
"pos": [
157,
160
]
} |
the abnormal lymph node t cells were found to express tcr beta and tcr alpha transcripts of expected sizes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
24,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
67,
70
]
} |
these results suggest that lymphocyte-keratinocyte reactions in vitro are complex and may be mediated by a variety of cytokines , lymphokines , and prostaglandins . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
27,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
130,
141
]
} |
the hypothalamic gnrh content in normal mice remained low until day 20 , before rising sharply to adult levels ( approximately 800 pg ) between days 20 and 30 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
4,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
17,
21
]
} |
hypothalamic gnrh was undetectable at all ages in hypogonadal mice , but the pituitary content of fsh and lh had risen to the attenuated mutant adult value by day 15 , and unlike normals , plasma fsh concentrations were not elevated during the neonatal period . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
13,
17
]
} |
effects of opioid peptides on immunoreactive corticotropin-releasing factor ( i-crf ) release from the rat hypothalamus were examined using a rat hypothalamic perifusion system and a rat crf ria in vitro . beta-endorphin ( 0.3 - 30 nm ) , dynorphin ( 0.3 - 30 nm ) and fk 33-824 ( 1 - 10 microm ) suppressed basal i-crf release in a dose-dependent fashion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
146,
158
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "i-crf",
"pos": [
314,
319
]
} |
arterial and venous cord serum thyroid indices correlated positively ( t4 , r = 0.743 ; t3 , r = .907 , rt3 , r = .920 ; tbg , r = .752 ; tg , r = .934 , and tsh , r = .989 ; p less than 0.005 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
31,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
138,
140
]
} |
structural similarities between surface immunoglobulins ( s ig ) on b cells and antigen-specific receptors on t cells suggest that a t cell , like a b cell , should express only two immunoglobulin-like genes , one for each subunit of the disulphide-linked , heterodimeric , antigen-specific ( alpha beta ) t-cell receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
110,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-cell receptor",
"pos": [
306,
321
]
} |
hypothalamic and pituitary enzymatic degradation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone during the 4-day estrous cycle of the rat . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "pituitary",
"pos": [
17,
26
]
} |
luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) degrading activity may be of physiological significance as a mechanism capable of partial regulation of hypothalamic lhrh release as well as lhrh levels at the gonadotroph . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
151,
163
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
188,
192
]
} |
activation of two different but complementary biochemical pathways stimulates release of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
89,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
102,
139
]
} |
the two groups showed no significant difference with respect to gain in body weight , nitrogen balance , plasma and muscle concentrations of amino acids , plasma concentrations of proteins , and leucine incorporation into muscle protein . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026845",
"name": "muscle",
"pos": [
116,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0026832",
"name": "muscle protein",
"pos": [
222,
236
]
} |
the possible influence of the endocrine pancreas via the insuloacinar portal system was studied in the perfused pancreas of diabetic rats treated with insulin in vivo . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "endocrine pancreas",
"pos": [
30,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
151,
158
]
} |
preliminary results of studies carried out with a probe to the gamma chain gene of the t cell have paralleled results obtained with the tcr beta probe ( unpublished observation ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
87,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
136,
139
]
} |
the effects of vip and of peptides of the vip family : secretin , glucagon , the porcine histidine isoleucine containing peptide ( phi ) and the rat hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone ( rhgrf ) on the cyclic amp and inositol phosphate contents of isolated rat superior cervical ganglia were investigated . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
149,
161
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
162,
194
]
} |
a dose-dependent suppression of basal gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( gnrh ) release was observed when rat hypothalamic slices were superfused with human/rat corticotropin-releasing factor ( crf ) ( 10 ( -12 ) to 10 ( -8 ) m ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
108,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf",
"pos": [
192,
195
]
} |
these in vitro results demonstrate that the crf inhibition of gnrh secretion observed in vivo occurs within the hypothalamus and independently of the crf activation of the pituitary-adrenal-gonadal axis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
112,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf",
"pos": [
150,
153
]
} |
a possible role of hypothalamic gh-releasing factor ( grf ) in gh secretion induced by serotoninergic stimuli was investigated in conscious freely moving rats with a passive immunization technique . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
19,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "gh-releasing factor",
"pos": [
32,
51
]
} |
a possible role of hypothalamic gh-releasing factor ( grf ) in gh secretion induced by serotoninergic stimuli was investigated in conscious freely moving rats with a passive immunization technique . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
19,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "grf",
"pos": [
54,
57
]
} |
these results suggest that gh secretion induced by serotoninergic mechanisms is mediated , at least in part , by hypothalamic grf in the rat . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
113,
125
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "grf",
"pos": [
126,
129
]
} |
however , both basal and stimulated gnrh release were reduced from mbh of old rats despite similar hypothalamic gnrh content . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
99,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
112,
116
]
} |
incubation of thyroid slices with [ 32p ] phosphate led to incorporation of label into immunoprecipitable thyroglobulin associated with both the intracellular and colloid compartments . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
14,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
106,
119
]
} |
conversely , other hypothalamic peptides , such as lhrh , trh , and somatostatin did not induce significant release of crf at any of the concentrations assayed ( 10 ( -7 ) to 10 ( -5 ) m ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
19,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
51,
55
]
} |
conversely , other hypothalamic peptides , such as lhrh , trh , and somatostatin did not induce significant release of crf at any of the concentrations assayed ( 10 ( -7 ) to 10 ( -5 ) m ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
19,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
68,
80
]
} |
drifts of erythrocyte-flow lines due to inhomogeneous magnetic field in a laminar flow in a buffer solution are shown for the first time , and are interpreted as being due to the paramagnetism of hemoglobins included in the erythrocytes . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
10,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobins",
"pos": [
196,
207
]
} |
the neuronal loss of nuclei in the hypothalamus , which elaborates the corticotropin-releasing factor and the hypersecretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone , was observed in the msg-treated mice . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
35,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin-releasing factor",
"pos": [
71,
101
]
} |
this study was undertaken , employing the immunoenzyme method , to confirm the presence of retinol-binding protein in human pancreatic islets , and to compare its distribution with that of prealbumin , insulin , glucagon , somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islets",
"pos": [
124,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
202,
209
]
} |
its binding to tg could be inhibited by another monoclonal anti-tg ( f1-11-1 ) derived from spleen cells of mice immunized with human thyroid cell membranes , but k-5-4 did not inhibit the binding of f1-11-1 to tg . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
134,
141
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
211,
213
]
} |
there was a significant positive correlation between thyroid growth-promoting activity and serum tg concentrations ( r = 0.58 ; p less than 0.001 ) , but no significant correlation was found with other parameters ( tsh , t4 , and t3 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
53,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
97,
99
]
} |
the occurrence , location and intensity of the basement membrane ( bm ) components collagen iv and laminin in benign and malignant pigment cell tumors was studied by immunohistochemical methods . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
47,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen iv",
"pos": [
83,
94
]
} |
the variable expression of bm components in this study showed an apparent relationship to tumor cell type and laminin and collagen iv production , partly related to clinical behaviour . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "bm",
"pos": [
27,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen iv",
"pos": [
122,
133
]
} |
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