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dfe865bf62a8-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Pinecone
Pinecone#
Pinecone is a vector database with broad functionality.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the Pinecone vector database.
To use Pinecone, you must have an API key.
Here are the installation instructions.
!pip install pinecone-client
import os
import getpass
PINECONE_API_KEY = getpass.getpass('Pinecone API Key:')
PINECONE_ENV = getpass.getpass('Pinecone Environment:')
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import Pinecone
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
import pinecone
# initialize pinecone
pinecone.init(
api_key=PINECONE_API_KEY, # find at app.pinecone.io
environment=PINECONE_ENV # next to api key in console
)
index_name = "langchain-demo"
docsearch = Pinecone.from_documents(docs, embeddings, index_name=index_name)
# if you already have an index, you can load it like this
# docsearch = Pinecone.from_existing_index(index_name, embeddings)
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = docsearch.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
previous
PGVector
next
Qdrant
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/pinecone.html |
ada9ac68c1ef-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Commented out until further notice
Commented out until further notice#
MongoDB Atlas Vector Search
MongoDB Atlas is a document database managed in the cloud. It also enables Lucene and its vector search feature.
This notebook shows how to use the functionality related to the MongoDB Atlas Vector Search feature where you can store your embeddings in MongoDB documents and create a Lucene vector index to perform a KNN search.
It uses the knnBeta Operator available in MongoDB Atlas Search. This feature is in early access and available only for evaluation purposes, to validate functionality, and to gather feedback from a small closed group of early access users. It is not recommended for production deployments as we may introduce breaking changes.
To use MongoDB Atlas, you must have first deployed a cluster. Free clusters are available.
Here is the MongoDB Atlas quick start.
!pip install pymongo
import os
MONGODB_ATLAS_URI = os.environ['MONGODB_ATLAS_URI']
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key. Make sure the environment variable OPENAI_API_KEY is set up before proceeding.
Now, let’s create a Lucene vector index on your cluster. In the below example, embedding is the name of the field that contains the embedding vector. Please refer to the documentation to get more details on how to define an Atlas Search index.
You can name the index langchain_demo and create the index on the namespace lanchain_db.langchain_col. Finally, write the following definition in the JSON editor:
{
"mappings": {
"dynamic": true,
"fields": {
"embedding": {
"dimensions": 1536,
"similarity": "cosine",
"type": "knnVector"
}
}
}
}
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import MongoDBAtlasVectorSearch
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
from pymongo import MongoClient
# initialize MongoDB python client
client = MongoClient(MONGODB_ATLAS_CONNECTION_STRING)
db_name = "lanchain_db"
collection_name = "langchain_col"
collection = client[db_name][collection_name]
index_name = "langchain_demo"
# insert the documents in MongoDB Atlas with their embedding
docsearch = MongoDBAtlasVectorSearch.from_documents(
docs,
embeddings,
collection=collection,
index_name=index_name
)
# perform a similarity search between the embedding of the query and the embeddings of the documents
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = docsearch.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
You can reuse vector index you created before, make sure environment variable OPENAI_API_KEY is set up, then create another file.
from pymongo import MongoClient
from langchain.vectorstores import MongoDBAtlasVectorSearch
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
import os
MONGODB_ATLAS_URI = os.environ['MONGODB_ATLAS_URI']
# initialize MongoDB python client
client = MongoClient(MONGODB_ATLAS_URI)
db_name = "langchain_db"
collection_name = "langchain_col"
collection = client[db_name][collection_name]
index_name = "langchain_index"
# initialize vector store
vectorStore = MongoDBAtlasVectorSearch(
collection, OpenAIEmbeddings(), index_name=index_name)
# perform a similarity search between the embedding of the query and the embeddings of the documents
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = vectorStore.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
previous
Milvus
next
MyScale
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/mongodb_atlas_vector_search.html |
7b4624a88f1a-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Weaviate
Contents
Weaviate
Similarity search with score
Persistance
Retriever options
Retriever options
MMR
Question Answering with Sources
Weaviate#
Weaviate is an open-source vector database. It allows you to store data objects and vector embeddings from your favorite ML-models, and scale seamlessly into billions of data objects.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the Weaviatevector database.
See the Weaviate installation instructions.
!pip install weaviate-client
Requirement already satisfied: weaviate-client in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (3.19.1)
Requirement already satisfied: requests<2.29.0,>=2.28.0 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from weaviate-client) (2.28.2)
Requirement already satisfied: validators<=0.21.0,>=0.18.2 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from weaviate-client) (0.20.0)
Requirement already satisfied: tqdm<5.0.0,>=4.59.0 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from weaviate-client) (4.65.0)
Requirement already satisfied: authlib>=1.1.0 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from weaviate-client) (1.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: cryptography>=3.2 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from authlib>=1.1.0->weaviate-client) (40.0.2)
Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from requests<2.29.0,>=2.28.0->weaviate-client) (3.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from requests<2.29.0,>=2.28.0->weaviate-client) (3.4)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.27,>=1.21.1 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from requests<2.29.0,>=2.28.0->weaviate-client) (1.26.15)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from requests<2.29.0,>=2.28.0->weaviate-client) (2023.5.7)
Requirement already satisfied: decorator>=3.4.0 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from validators<=0.21.0,>=0.18.2->weaviate-client) (5.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: cffi>=1.12 in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from cryptography>=3.2->authlib>=1.1.0->weaviate-client) (1.15.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in /workspaces/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from cffi>=1.12->cryptography>=3.2->authlib>=1.1.0->weaviate-client) (2.21)
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
import os
import getpass
os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass("OpenAI API Key:")
WEAVIATE_URL = getpass.getpass("WEAVIATE_URL:")
os.environ["WEAVIATE_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass("WEAVIATE_API_KEY:")
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import Weaviate
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader("../../../state_of_the_union.txt")
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents) | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
7b4624a88f1a-1 | docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
db = Weaviate.from_documents(docs, embeddings, weaviate_url=WEAVIATE_URL, by_text=False)
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = db.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Similarity search with score#
Sometimes we might want to perform the search, but also obtain a relevancy score to know how good is a particular result.
The returned distance score is cosine distance. Therefore, a lower score is better.
docs = db.similarity_search_with_score(query, by_text=False)
docs[0] | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
7b4624a88f1a-2 | (Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={'_additional': {'vector': [-0.015289668, -0.011418287, -0.018540842, 0.00274522, 0.008310737, 0.014179829, 0.0080104275, -0.0010217049, -0.022327352, -0.0055002323, 0.018958665, 0.0020548347, -0.0044393567, -0.021609223, -0.013709779, -0.004543812, 0.025722157, 0.01821442, 0.031728342, -0.031388864, -0.01051083, -0.029978717, 0.011555385, 0.0009751897, 0.014675993, -0.02102166, 0.0301354, -0.031754456, 0.013526983, -0.03392191, 0.002800712, -0.0027778621, -0.024259781, -0.006202043, -0.019950991, 0.0176138, -0.0001134321, 0.008343379, 0.034209162, -0.027654583, 0.03149332, -0.0008389079, 0.0053696632, -0.0024644958, -0.016582303, 0.0066720927, -0.005036711, -0.035514854, 0.002942706, 0.02958701, 0.032825127, 0.015694432, -0.019846536, -0.024520919, -0.021974817, -0.0063293483, -0.01081114, -0.0084282495, 0.003025944, -0.010210521, 0.008780787, 0.014793505, -0.006486031, 0.011966679, 0.01774437, -0.006985459, -0.015459408, 0.01625588, -0.016007798, 0.01706541, 0.035567082, 0.0029900377, 0.021543937, -0.0068483613, 0.040868197, -0.010909067, -0.03339963, 0.010954766, -0.014689049, -0.021596165, 0.0025607906, -0.01599474, -0.017757427, -0.0041651614, 0.010752384, 0.0053598704, -0.00019248774, 0.008480477, -0.010517359, -0.005017126, 0.0020434097, 0.011699011, 0.0051379027, 0.021687564, -0.010830725, 0.020734407, -0.006606808, 0.029769806, 0.02817686, -0.047318324, 0.024338122, -0.001150642, -0.026231378, -0.012325744, -0.0318328, -0.0094989175, -0.00897664, 0.004736402, 0.0046482678, 0.0023241339, -0.005826656, 0.0072531262, | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
7b4624a88f1a-3 | -0.005826656, 0.0072531262, 0.015498579, -0.0077819317, -0.011953622, -0.028934162, -0.033974137, -0.01574666, 0.0086306315, -0.029299757, 0.030213742, -0.0033148287, 0.013448641, -0.013474754, 0.015851116, 0.0076578907, -0.037421167, -0.015185213, 0.010719741, -0.014636821, 0.0001918757, 0.011783881, 0.0036330915, -0.02132197, 0.0031010215, 0.0024334856, -0.0033229894, 0.050086394, 0.0031973163, -0.01115062, 0.004837593, 0.01298512, -0.018645298, -0.02992649, 0.004837593, 0.0067634913, 0.02992649, 0.0145062525, 0.00566018, -0.0017055618, -0.0056667086, 0.012697867, 0.0150677, -0.007559964, -0.01991182, -0.005268472, -0.008650217, -0.008702445, 0.027550127, 0.0018296026, 0.0018589807, -0.033295177, 0.0036265631, -0.0060290387, 0.014349569, 0.019898765, 0.00023339267, 0.0034568228, -0.018958665, 0.012031963, 0.005186866, 0.020747464, -0.03817847, 0.028202975, -0.01340947, 0.00091643346, 0.014884903, -0.02314994, -0.024468692, 0.0004859627, 0.018828096, 0.012906778, 0.027941836, 0.027550127, -0.015028529, 0.018606128, 0.03449641, -0.017757427, -0.016020855, -0.012142947, 0.025304336, 0.00821281, -0.0025461016, -0.01902395, -0.635507, -0.030083172, 0.0177052, -0.0104912445, 0.012502013, -0.0010747487, 0.00465806, 0.020825805, -0.006887532, 0.013892576, -0.019977106, 0.029952602, 0.0012004217, -0.015211326, -0.008708973, -0.017809656, 0.008578404, -0.01612531, 0.022614606, -0.022327352, -0.032616217, 0.0050693536, -0.020629952, -0.01357921, 0.011477043, 0.0013938275, -0.0052390937, 0.0142581705, -0.013200559, 0.013252786, -0.033582427, 0.030579336, -0.011568441, 0.0038387382, 0.049564116, 0.016791213, -0.01991182, 0.010889481, -0.0028251936, 0.035932675, -0.02183119, -0.008611047, 0.025121538, 0.008349908, 0.00035641342, 0.009028868, 0.007631777, -0.01298512, -0.0015350056, 0.009982024, -0.024207553, -0.003332782, 0.006283649, 0.01868447, | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
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7b4624a88f1a-9 | 0.014179829, 0.010321504, 0.0053337566, -0.017156808, -0.010439017, 0.034444187, -0.010393318, -0.006042096, -0.018566957, 0.004517698, -0.011228961, -0.009015812, -0.02089109, 0.022484036, 0.0029867734, -0.029064732, -0.010236635, -0.0006761042, -0.029038617, 0.004367544, -0.012293102, 0.0017528932, -0.023358852, 0.02217067, 0.012606468, -0.008160583, -0.0104912445, -0.0034894652, 0.011078807, 0.00050922035, 0.015759716, 0.23774062, -0.0019291617, 0.006218364, 0.013762007, -0.029900376, 0.018188305, 0.0092965355, 0.0040574414, -0.014976301, -0.006228157, -0.016647588, 0.0035188433, -0.01919369, 0.0037506039, 0.029247528, -0.014532366, -0.049773026, -0.019624569, -0.034783665, -0.015028529, 0.0097469995, 0.016281994, 0.0047135525, -0.011294246, 0.011477043, 0.015485522, 0.03426139, 0.014323455, 0.011052692, -0.008362965, -0.037969556, -0.00252162, -0.013709779, -0.0030292084, -0.016569246, -0.013879519, 0.0011849166, -0.0016925049, 0.009753528, 0.008349908, -0.008245452, 0.033007924, -0.0035873922, -0.025461018, 0.016791213, 0.05410793, -0.005950697, -0.011672897, -0.0072335405, 0.013814235, -0.0593307, -0.008624103, 0.021400312, 0.034235276, 0.015642203, -0.020068504, 0.03136275, 0.012567298, -0.010419431, 0.027445672, -0.031754456, 0.014219, -0.0075403787, 0.03812624, 0.0009988552, 0.038752973, -0.018005509, 0.013670608, 0.045882057, -0.018841153, -0.031650003, 0.010628343, -0.00459604, -0.011999321, -0.028202975, -0.018593071, 0.029743692, 0.021857304, 0.01438874, 0.00014128008, -0.006156344, -0.006691678, 0.01672593, -0.012821908, -0.0024367499, -0.03219839, 0.0058233915, -0.0056405943, -0.009381405, 0.0064044255, 0.013905633, -0.011228961, -0.0013481282, -0.014023146, 0.00016239559, -0.0051901303, 0.0025265163, 0.023619989, -0.021517823, 0.024703717, -0.025643816, 0.040189236, 0.016295051, -0.0040411204, -0.0113595305, 0.0029981981, -0.015589978, | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
7b4624a88f1a-10 | 0.0029981981, -0.015589978, 0.026479458, 0.0067439056, -0.035775993, -0.010550001, -0.014767391, -0.009897154, -0.013944804, -0.0147543335, 0.015798887, -0.02456009, -0.0018850947, 0.024442578, 0.0019715966, -0.02422061, -0.02945644, -0.003443766, 0.0004945313, 0.0011522742, -0.020773578, -0.011777353, 0.008173639, -0.012325744, -0.021348083, 0.0036461484, 0.0063228197, 0.00028970066, -0.0036200345, -0.021596165, -0.003949722, -0.0006034751, 0.007305354, -0.023424136, 0.004834329, -0.008833014, -0.013435584, 0.0026097542, -0.0012240873, -0.0028349862, -0.01706541, 0.027863493, -0.026414175, -0.011783881, 0.014075373, -0.005634066, -0.006313027, -0.004638475, -0.012495484, 0.022836573, -0.022719061, -0.031284407, -0.022405695, -0.017352663, 0.021113059, -0.03494035, 0.002772966, 0.025643816, -0.0064240107, -0.009897154, 0.0020711557, -0.16409951, 0.009688243, 0.010393318, 0.0033262535, 0.011059221, -0.012919835, 0.0014493194, -0.021857304, -0.0075730206, -0.0020695236, 0.017822713, 0.017417947, -0.034835894, -0.009159437, -0.0018573486, -0.0024840813, -0.022444865, 0.0055687814, 0.0037767177, 0.0033915383, 0.0301354, -0.012227817, 0.0021854038, -0.042878963, 0.021517823, -0.010419431, -0.0051183174, 0.01659536, 0.0017333078, -0.00727924, -0.0020026069, -0.0012493852, 0.031441092, 0.0017431005, 0.008702445, -0.0072335405, -0.020081561, -0.012423672, -0.0042239176, 0.031049386, 0.04324456, 0.02550019, 0.014362626, -0.0107393265, -0.0037538682, -0.0061791935, -0.006737377, 0.011548856, -0.0166737, -0.012828437, -0.003375217, -0.01642562, -0.011424815, 0.007181313, 0.017600743, -0.0030226798, -0.014192886, 0.0128937205, -0.009975496, 0.0051444313, -0.0044654706, -0.008826486, 0.004158633, 0.004971427, -0.017835768, 0.025017083, -0.021792019, 0.013657551, -0.01872364, 0.009100681, -0.0079582, -0.011640254, -0.01093518, -0.0147543335, -0.005000805, | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
7b4624a88f1a-11 | -0.0147543335, -0.005000805, 0.02345025, -0.028908048, 0.0104912445, -0.00753385, 0.017561574, -0.012025435, 0.042670052, -0.0041978033, 0.0013056932, -0.009263893, -0.010941708, -0.004471999, 0.01008648, -0.002578744, -0.013931747, 0.018619185, -0.04029369, -0.00025909848, 0.0030063589, 0.003149985, 0.011091864, 0.006495824, 0.00026583098, 0.0045503406, -0.007586078, -0.0007475094, -0.016856499, -0.003528636, 0.038282923, -0.0010494508, 0.024494806, 0.012593412, 0.032433417, -0.003203845, 0.005947433, -0.019937934, -0.00017800271, 0.027706811, 0.03047488, 0.02047327, 0.0019258976, -0.0068940604, -0.0014990991, 0.013305014, -0.007690533, 0.058808424, -0.0016859764, -0.0044622063, -0.0037734534, 0.01578583, -0.0018459238, -0.1196015, -0.0007075225, 0.0030341048, 0.012306159, -0.0068483613, 0.01851473, 0.015315781, 0.031388864, -0.015563863, 0.04776226, -0.008199753, -0.02591801, 0.00546759, -0.004915935, 0.0050824108, 0.0027011528, -0.009205136, -0.016712872, -0.0033409426, 0.0043218443, -0.018279705, 0.00876773, 0.0050138617, -0.009688243, -0.017783541, -0.018645298, -0.010380261, 0.018606128, 0.0077492893, 0.007324939, -0.012704396, -0.002692992, -0.01259994, -0.0076970616, -0.013814235, -0.0004365912, -0.023606932, -0.020186016, 0.025330449, -0.00991674, -0.0048278007, -0.019350372, 0.015433294, -0.0056144805, -0.0034927295, -0.00043455104, 0.008611047, 0.025748271, 0.022353467, -0.020747464, -0.015759716, 0.029038617, -0.000377631, -0.028725252, 0.018109964, -0.0016125311, -0.022719061, -0.009133324, -0.033060152, 0.011248547, -0.0019797573, -0.007181313, 0.0018867267, 0.0070899143, 0.004077027, 0.0055328747, -0.014245113, -0.021217514, -0.006750434, -0.038230695, 0.013233202, 0.014219, -0.017692143, 0.024742888, -0.008833014, -0.00753385, -0.026923396, -0.0021527617, 0.013135274, -0.018070793, -0.013500868, -0.0016696552, 0.011568441, -0.03230285, | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
7b4624a88f1a-12 | 0.011568441, -0.03230285, 0.023646105, 0.0111114485, -0.015172156, 0.0257091, 0.0045699263, -0.00919208, 0.021517823, 0.037838988, 0.00787333, -0.007755818, -0.028281316, 0.011170205, -0.005412098, -0.016321165, 0.009929797, 0.004609097, -0.03047488, 0.002688096, -0.07264877, 0.024455635, -0.020930262, -0.015381066, -0.0033148287, 0.027236762, 0.0014501355, -0.014101488, -0.024076983, 0.026218321, -0.009009283, 0.019624569, 0.0020646274, -0.009081096, -0.01565526, -0.003358896, 0.048571788, -0.004857179, 0.022444865, 0.024181439, 0.00080708164, 0.024873456, 3.463147e-05, 0.0010535312, -0.017940223, 0.0012159267, -0.011065749, 0.008258509, -0.018527785, -0.022797402, 0.012377972, -0.002087477, 0.010791554, 0.022288183, 0.0048604426, -0.032590102, 0.013709779, 0.004922463, 0.020055447, -0.0150677, -0.0057222005, -0.036246043, 0.0021364405, 0.021387255, -0.013435584, 0.010732798, 0.0075534354, -0.00061612396, -0.002018928, -0.004432828, -0.032746784, 0.025513247, -0.0025852725, 0.014467081, -0.008617575, -0.019755138, 0.003966043, -0.0033915383, 0.0004088452, -0.025173767, 0.02796795, 0.0023763615, 0.0052358294, 0.017796598, 0.014806561, 0.0150024155, -0.005859298, 0.01259994, 0.021726735, -0.026466403, -0.017457118, -0.0025493659, 0.0070899143, 0.02668837, 0.015485522, -0.011588027, 0.01906312, -0.003388274, -0.010210521, 0.020956375, 0.028620796, -0.018540842, 0.0025722156, 0.0110331075, -0.003992157, 0.020930262, 0.008487006, 0.0016557822, -0.0009882465, 0.0062640635, -0.016242823, -0.0007785196, -0.0007213955, 0.018971723, 0.021687564, 0.0039464575, -0.01574666, 0.011783881, -0.0019797573, -0.013383356, -0.002706049, 0.0037734534, 0.020394927, -0.00021931567, 0.0041814824, 0.025121538, -0.036246043, -0.019428715, -0.023802789, 0.014845733, 0.015420238, 0.019650683, 0.008186696, 0.025304336, -0.03204171, 0.01774437, 0.0021233836, | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
7b4624a88f1a-13 | 0.01774437, 0.0021233836, -0.008434778, -0.0059441687, 0.038335152, 0.022653777, -0.0066002794, 0.02149171, 0.015093814, 0.025382677, -0.007579549, 0.0030357367, -0.0014117807, -0.015341896, 0.014545423, 0.007135614, -0.0113595305, -0.04387129, 0.016308108, -0.008186696, -0.013370299, -0.014297341, 0.017431004, -0.022666834, 0.039458048, 0.0032005806, -0.02081275, 0.008526176, -0.0019307939, 0.024024757, 0.009068039, 0.00953156, 0.010608757, 0.013801178, 0.035932675, -0.015185213, -0.0038322096, -0.012462842, -0.03655941, 0.0013946436, 0.00025726235, 0.008016956, -0.0042565595, 0.008447835, 0.0038191527, -0.014702106, 0.02196176, 0.0052097156, -0.010869896, 0.0051640165, 0.030840475, -0.041468814, 0.009250836, -0.018997835, 0.020107675, 0.008421721, -0.016373392, 0.004602568, 0.0327729, -0.00812794, 0.001581521, 0.019350372, 0.016112253, 0.02132197, 0.00043944738, -0.01472822, -0.025735214, -0.03313849, 0.0033817457, 0.028855821, -0.016033912, 0.0050791465, -0.01808385]}, 'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'}), | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
7b4624a88f1a-14 | 0.8154189703772676)
Persistance#
Anything uploaded to weaviate is automatically persistent into the database. You do not need to call any specific method or pass any param for this to happen.
Retriever options#
Retriever options#
This section goes over different options for how to use Weaviate as a retriever.
MMR#
In addition to using similarity search in the retriever object, you can also use mmr.
retriever = db.as_retriever(search_type="mmr")
retriever.get_relevant_documents(query)[0]
Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'})
Question Answering with Sources#
This section goes over how to do question-answering with sources over an Index. It does this by using the RetrievalQAWithSourcesChain, which does the lookup of the documents from an Index.
from langchain.chains import RetrievalQAWithSourcesChain
from langchain import OpenAI
with open("../../../state_of_the_union.txt") as f:
state_of_the_union = f.read()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
texts = text_splitter.split_text(state_of_the_union)
docsearch = Weaviate.from_texts(
texts,
embeddings,
weaviate_url=WEAVIATE_URL,
by_text=False,
metadatas=[{"source": f"{i}-pl"} for i in range(len(texts))],
)
chain = RetrievalQAWithSourcesChain.from_chain_type(
OpenAI(temperature=0), chain_type="stuff", retriever=docsearch.as_retriever()
)
chain(
{"question": "What did the president say about Justice Breyer"},
return_only_outputs=True,
)
{'answer': " The president honored Justice Breyer for his service and mentioned his legacy of excellence. He also nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson to continue Justice Breyer's legacy.\n",
'sources': '31-pl, 34-pl'}
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Vectara
next
Zilliz
Contents
Weaviate
Similarity search with score
Persistance
Retriever options
Retriever options
MMR
Question Answering with Sources
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/weaviate.html |
ff4c412eb27d-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
AnalyticDB
AnalyticDB#
AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL is a massively parallel processing (MPP) data warehousing service that is designed to analyze large volumes of data online.
AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL is developed based on the open source Greenplum Database project and is enhanced with in-depth extensions by Alibaba Cloud. AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL is compatible with the ANSI SQL 2003 syntax and the PostgreSQL and Oracle database ecosystems. AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL also supports row store and column store. AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL processes petabytes of data offline at a high performance level and supports highly concurrent online queries.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the AnalyticDB vector database.
To run, you should have an AnalyticDB instance up and running:
Using AnalyticDB Cloud Vector Database. Click here to fast deploy it.
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import AnalyticDB
Split documents and get embeddings by call OpenAI API
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
Connect to AnalyticDB by setting related ENVIRONMENTS.
export PG_HOST={your_analyticdb_hostname}
export PG_PORT={your_analyticdb_port} # Optional, default is 5432
export PG_DATABASE={your_database} # Optional, default is postgres
export PG_USER={database_username}
export PG_PASSWORD={database_password}
Then store your embeddings and documents into AnalyticDB
import os
connection_string = AnalyticDB.connection_string_from_db_params(
driver=os.environ.get("PG_DRIVER", "psycopg2cffi"),
host=os.environ.get("PG_HOST", "localhost"),
port=int(os.environ.get("PG_PORT", "5432")),
database=os.environ.get("PG_DATABASE", "postgres"),
user=os.environ.get("PG_USER", "postgres"),
password=os.environ.get("PG_PASSWORD", "postgres"),
)
vector_db = AnalyticDB.from_documents(
docs,
embeddings,
connection_string= connection_string,
)
Query and retrieve data
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = vector_db.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
previous
Getting Started
next
Annoy
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/analyticdb.html |
eb60cb15db1a-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Tair
Tair#
Tair is a cloud native in-memory database service developed by Alibaba Cloud.
It provides rich data models and enterprise-grade capabilities to support your real-time online scenarios while maintaining full compatibility with open source Redis. Tair also introduces persistent memory-optimized instances that are based on the new non-volatile memory (NVM) storage medium.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the Tair vector database.
To run, you should have a Tair instance up and running.
from langchain.embeddings.fake import FakeEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import Tair
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = FakeEmbeddings(size=128)
Connect to Tair using the TAIR_URL environment variable
export TAIR_URL="redis://{username}:{password}@{tair_address}:{tair_port}"
or the keyword argument tair_url.
Then store documents and embeddings into Tair.
tair_url = "redis://localhost:6379"
# drop first if index already exists
Tair.drop_index(tair_url=tair_url)
vector_store = Tair.from_documents(
docs,
embeddings,
tair_url=tair_url
)
Query similar documents.
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = vector_store.similarity_search(query)
docs[0]
Document(page_content='We’re going after the criminals who stole billions in relief money meant for small businesses and millions of Americans. \n\nAnd tonight, I’m announcing that the Justice Department will name a chief prosecutor for pandemic fraud. \n\nBy the end of this year, the deficit will be down to less than half what it was before I took office. \n\nThe only president ever to cut the deficit by more than one trillion dollars in a single year. \n\nLowering your costs also means demanding more competition. \n\nI’m a capitalist, but capitalism without competition isn’t capitalism. \n\nIt’s exploitation—and it drives up prices. \n\nWhen corporations don’t have to compete, their profits go up, your prices go up, and small businesses and family farmers and ranchers go under. \n\nWe see it happening with ocean carriers moving goods in and out of America. \n\nDuring the pandemic, these foreign-owned companies raised prices by as much as 1,000% and made record profits.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'})
previous
Supabase (Postgres)
next
Tigris
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/tair.html |
2a54a6e799c5-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Atlas
Atlas#
Atlas is a platform for interacting with both small and internet scale unstructured datasets by Nomic.
This notebook shows you how to use functionality related to the AtlasDB vectorstore.
!pip install spacy
!python3 -m spacy download en_core_web_sm
!pip install nomic
import time
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import SpacyTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import AtlasDB
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
ATLAS_TEST_API_KEY = '7xDPkYXSYDc1_ErdTPIcoAR9RNd8YDlkS3nVNXcVoIMZ6'
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = SpacyTextSplitter(separator='|')
texts = []
for doc in text_splitter.split_documents(documents):
texts.extend(doc.page_content.split('|'))
texts = [e.strip() for e in texts]
db = AtlasDB.from_texts(texts=texts,
name='test_index_'+str(time.time()), # unique name for your vector store
description='test_index', #a description for your vector store
api_key=ATLAS_TEST_API_KEY,
index_kwargs={'build_topic_model': True})
db.project.wait_for_project_lock()
db.project
test_index_1677255228.136989
A description for your project 508 datums inserted.
1 index built.
Projections
test_index_1677255228.136989_index. Status Completed. view online
Projection ID: db996d77-8981-48a0-897a-ff2c22bbf541
Hide embedded project
Explore on atlas.nomic.ai
previous
Annoy
next
Chroma
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/atlas.html |
8b1c5da89410-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Qdrant
Contents
Connecting to Qdrant from LangChain
Local mode
In-memory
On-disk storage
On-premise server deployment
Qdrant Cloud
Reusing the same collection
Similarity search
Similarity search with score
Metadata filtering
Maximum marginal relevance search (MMR)
Qdrant as a Retriever
Customizing Qdrant
Qdrant#
Qdrant (read: quadrant ) is a vector similarity search engine. It provides a production-ready service with a convenient API to store, search, and manage points - vectors with an additional payload. Qdrant is tailored to extended filtering support. It makes it useful for all sorts of neural network or semantic-based matching, faceted search, and other applications.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the Qdrant vector database.
There are various modes of how to run Qdrant, and depending on the chosen one, there will be some subtle differences. The options include:
Local mode, no server required
On-premise server deployment
Qdrant Cloud
See the installation instructions.
!pip install qdrant-client
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
import os
import getpass
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
OpenAI API Key: ········
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import Qdrant
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
Connecting to Qdrant from LangChain#
Local mode#
Python client allows you to run the same code in local mode without running the Qdrant server. That’s great for testing things out and debugging or if you plan to store just a small amount of vectors. The embeddings might be fully kepy in memory or persisted on disk.
In-memory#
For some testing scenarios and quick experiments, you may prefer to keep all the data in memory only, so it gets lost when the client is destroyed - usually at the end of your script/notebook.
qdrant = Qdrant.from_documents(
docs, embeddings,
location=":memory:", # Local mode with in-memory storage only
collection_name="my_documents",
)
On-disk storage#
Local mode, without using the Qdrant server, may also store your vectors on disk so they’re persisted between runs.
qdrant = Qdrant.from_documents(
docs, embeddings,
path="/tmp/local_qdrant",
collection_name="my_documents",
)
On-premise server deployment#
No matter if you choose to launch Qdrant locally with a Docker container, or select a Kubernetes deployment with the official Helm chart, the way you’re going to connect to such an instance will be identical. You’ll need to provide a URL pointing to the service.
url = "<---qdrant url here --->"
qdrant = Qdrant.from_documents(
docs, embeddings,
url, prefer_grpc=True,
collection_name="my_documents",
)
Qdrant Cloud#
If you prefer not to keep yourself busy with managing the infrastructure, you can choose to set up a fully-managed Qdrant cluster on Qdrant Cloud. There is a free forever 1GB cluster included for trying out. The main difference with using a managed version of Qdrant is that you’ll need to provide an API key to secure your deployment from being accessed publicly.
url = "<---qdrant cloud cluster url here --->"
api_key = "<---api key here--->"
qdrant = Qdrant.from_documents(
docs, embeddings,
url, prefer_grpc=True, api_key=api_key,
collection_name="my_documents",
)
Reusing the same collection#
Both Qdrant.from_texts and Qdrant.from_documents methods are great to start using Qdrant with LangChain, but they are going to destroy the collection and create it from scratch! If you want to reuse the existing collection, you can always create an instance of Qdrant on your own and pass the QdrantClient instance with the connection details.
del qdrant
import qdrant_client | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/qdrant.html |
8b1c5da89410-1 | del qdrant
import qdrant_client
client = qdrant_client.QdrantClient(
path="/tmp/local_qdrant", prefer_grpc=True
)
qdrant = Qdrant(
client=client, collection_name="my_documents",
embeddings=embeddings
)
Similarity search#
The simplest scenario for using Qdrant vector store is to perform a similarity search. Under the hood, our query will be encoded with the embedding_function and used to find similar documents in Qdrant collection.
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
found_docs = qdrant.similarity_search(query)
print(found_docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Similarity search with score#
Sometimes we might want to perform the search, but also obtain a relevancy score to know how good is a particular result.
The returned distance score is cosine distance. Therefore, a lower score is better.
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
found_docs = qdrant.similarity_search_with_score(query)
document, score = found_docs[0]
print(document.page_content)
print(f"\nScore: {score}")
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Score: 0.8153784913324512
Metadata filtering#
Qdrant has an extensive filtering system with rich type support. It is also possible to use the filters in Langchain, by passing an additional param to both the similarity_search_with_score and similarity_search methods.
from qdrant_client.http import models as rest
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
found_docs = qdrant.similarity_search_with_score(query, filter=rest.Filter(...))
Maximum marginal relevance search (MMR)#
If you’d like to look up for some similar documents, but you’d also like to receive diverse results, MMR is method you should consider. Maximal marginal relevance optimizes for similarity to query AND diversity among selected documents.
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
found_docs = qdrant.max_marginal_relevance_search(query, k=2, fetch_k=10)
for i, doc in enumerate(found_docs):
print(f"{i + 1}.", doc.page_content, "\n")
1. Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/qdrant.html |
8b1c5da89410-2 | And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
2. We can’t change how divided we’ve been. But we can change how we move forward—on COVID-19 and other issues we must face together.
I recently visited the New York City Police Department days after the funerals of Officer Wilbert Mora and his partner, Officer Jason Rivera.
They were responding to a 9-1-1 call when a man shot and killed them with a stolen gun.
Officer Mora was 27 years old.
Officer Rivera was 22.
Both Dominican Americans who’d grown up on the same streets they later chose to patrol as police officers.
I spoke with their families and told them that we are forever in debt for their sacrifice, and we will carry on their mission to restore the trust and safety every community deserves.
I’ve worked on these issues a long time.
I know what works: Investing in crime preventionand community police officers who’ll walk the beat, who’ll know the neighborhood, and who can restore trust and safety.
Qdrant as a Retriever#
Qdrant, as all the other vector stores, is a LangChain Retriever, by using cosine similarity.
retriever = qdrant.as_retriever()
retriever
VectorStoreRetriever(vectorstore=<langchain.vectorstores.qdrant.Qdrant object at 0x7fc4e5720a00>, search_type='similarity', search_kwargs={})
It might be also specified to use MMR as a search strategy, instead of similarity.
retriever = qdrant.as_retriever(search_type="mmr")
retriever
VectorStoreRetriever(vectorstore=<langchain.vectorstores.qdrant.Qdrant object at 0x7fc4e5720a00>, search_type='mmr', search_kwargs={})
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
retriever.get_relevant_documents(query)[0]
Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'})
Customizing Qdrant#
Qdrant stores your vector embeddings along with the optional JSON-like payload. Payloads are optional, but since LangChain assumes the embeddings are generated from the documents, we keep the context data, so you can extract the original texts as well.
By default, your document is going to be stored in the following payload structure:
{
"page_content": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet",
"metadata": {
"foo": "bar"
}
}
You can, however, decide to use different keys for the page content and metadata. That’s useful if you already have a collection that you’d like to reuse. You can always change the
Qdrant.from_documents(
docs, embeddings,
location=":memory:",
collection_name="my_documents_2",
content_payload_key="my_page_content_key",
metadata_payload_key="my_meta",
)
<langchain.vectorstores.qdrant.Qdrant at 0x7fc4e2baa230>
previous
Pinecone
next
Redis
Contents
Connecting to Qdrant from LangChain
Local mode
In-memory
On-disk storage
On-premise server deployment
Qdrant Cloud
Reusing the same collection
Similarity search
Similarity search with score
Metadata filtering
Maximum marginal relevance search (MMR)
Qdrant as a Retriever
Customizing Qdrant
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/qdrant.html |
8b1c5da89410-3 | By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/qdrant.html |
4ddc6c7b09e5-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
MyScale
Contents
Setting up envrionments
Get connection info and data schema
Filtering
Similarity search with score
Deleting your data
MyScale#
MyScale is a cloud-based database optimized for AI applications and solutions, built on the open-source ClickHouse.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the MyScale vector database.
Setting up envrionments#
!pip install clickhouse-connect
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
import os
import getpass
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
There are two ways to set up parameters for myscale index.
Environment Variables
Before you run the app, please set the environment variable with export:
export MYSCALE_URL='<your-endpoints-url>' MYSCALE_PORT=<your-endpoints-port> MYSCALE_USERNAME=<your-username> MYSCALE_PASSWORD=<your-password> ...
You can easily find your account, password and other info on our SaaS. For details please refer to this document
Every attributes under MyScaleSettings can be set with prefix MYSCALE_ and is case insensitive.
Create MyScaleSettings object with parameters
from langchain.vectorstores import MyScale, MyScaleSettings
config = MyScaleSetting(host="<your-backend-url>", port=8443, ...)
index = MyScale(embedding_function, config)
index.add_documents(...)
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import MyScale
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
for d in docs:
d.metadata = {'some': 'metadata'}
docsearch = MyScale.from_documents(docs, embeddings)
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = docsearch.similarity_search(query)
Inserting data...: 100%|██████████| 42/42 [00:18<00:00, 2.21it/s]
print(docs[0].page_content)
As Frances Haugen, who is here with us tonight, has shown, we must hold social media platforms accountable for the national experiment they’re conducting on our children for profit.
It’s time to strengthen privacy protections, ban targeted advertising to children, demand tech companies stop collecting personal data on our children.
And let’s get all Americans the mental health services they need. More people they can turn to for help, and full parity between physical and mental health care.
Third, support our veterans.
Veterans are the best of us.
I’ve always believed that we have a sacred obligation to equip all those we send to war and care for them and their families when they come home.
My administration is providing assistance with job training and housing, and now helping lower-income veterans get VA care debt-free.
Our troops in Iraq and Afghanistan faced many dangers.
Get connection info and data schema#
print(str(docsearch))
Filtering#
You can have direct access to myscale SQL where statement. You can write WHERE clause following standard SQL.
NOTE: Please be aware of SQL injection, this interface must not be directly called by end-user.
If you custimized your column_map under your setting, you search with filter like this:
from langchain.vectorstores import MyScale, MyScaleSettings
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
for i, d in enumerate(docs):
d.metadata = {'doc_id': i}
docsearch = MyScale.from_documents(docs, embeddings)
Inserting data...: 100%|██████████| 42/42 [00:15<00:00, 2.69it/s]
Similarity search with score#
The returned distance score is cosine distance. Therefore, a lower score is better.
meta = docsearch.metadata_column
output = docsearch.similarity_search_with_relevance_scores('What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson?', | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/myscale.html |
4ddc6c7b09e5-1 | k=4, where_str=f"{meta}.doc_id<10")
for d, dist in output:
print(dist, d.metadata, d.page_content[:20] + '...')
0.252379834651947 {'doc_id': 6, 'some': ''} And I’m taking robus...
0.25022566318511963 {'doc_id': 1, 'some': ''} Groups of citizens b...
0.2469480037689209 {'doc_id': 8, 'some': ''} And so many families...
0.2428302764892578 {'doc_id': 0, 'some': 'metadata'} As Frances Haugen, w...
Deleting your data#
docsearch.drop()
previous
Commented out until further notice
next
OpenSearch
Contents
Setting up envrionments
Get connection info and data schema
Filtering
Similarity search with score
Deleting your data
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/myscale.html |
76b03b40d8e3-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
SKLearnVectorStore
Contents
Basic usage
Load a sample document corpus
Create the SKLearnVectorStore, index the document corpus and run a sample query
Saving and loading a vector store
Clean-up
SKLearnVectorStore#
scikit-learn is an open source collection of machine learning algorithms, including some implementations of the k nearest neighbors. SKLearnVectorStore wraps this implementation and adds the possibility to persist the vector store in json, bson (binary json) or Apache Parquet format.
This notebook shows how to use the SKLearnVectorStore vector database.
%pip install scikit-learn
# # if you plan to use bson serialization, install also:
# %pip install bson
# # if you plan to use parquet serialization, install also:
%pip install pandas pyarrow
To use OpenAI embeddings, you will need an OpenAI key. You can get one at https://platform.openai.com/account/api-keys or feel free to use any other embeddings.
import os
from getpass import getpass
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass('Enter your OpenAI key:')
Basic usage#
Load a sample document corpus#
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import SKLearnVectorStore
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
Create the SKLearnVectorStore, index the document corpus and run a sample query#
import tempfile
persist_path = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), 'union.parquet')
vector_store = SKLearnVectorStore.from_documents(
documents=docs,
embedding=embeddings,
persist_path=persist_path, # persist_path and serializer are optional
serializer='parquet'
)
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = vector_store.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Saving and loading a vector store#
vector_store.persist()
print('Vector store was persisted to', persist_path)
Vector store was persisted to /var/folders/6r/wc15p6m13nl_nl_n_xfqpc5c0000gp/T/union.parquet
vector_store2 = SKLearnVectorStore(
embedding=embeddings,
persist_path=persist_path,
serializer='parquet'
)
print('A new instance of vector store was loaded from', persist_path)
A new instance of vector store was loaded from /var/folders/6r/wc15p6m13nl_nl_n_xfqpc5c0000gp/T/union.parquet
docs = vector_store2.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Clean-up# | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/sklearn.html |
76b03b40d8e3-1 | Clean-up#
os.remove(persist_path)
previous
SingleStoreDB vector search
next
Supabase (Postgres)
Contents
Basic usage
Load a sample document corpus
Create the SKLearnVectorStore, index the document corpus and run a sample query
Saving and loading a vector store
Clean-up
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/sklearn.html |
e07c96f65d0e-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
DocArrayHnswSearch
Contents
Setup
Using DocArrayHnswSearch
Similarity search
Similarity search with score
DocArrayHnswSearch#
DocArrayHnswSearch is a lightweight Document Index implementation provided by Docarray that runs fully locally and is best suited for small- to medium-sized datasets. It stores vectors on disk in hnswlib, and stores all other data in SQLite.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the DocArrayHnswSearch.
Setup#
Uncomment the below cells to install docarray and get/set your OpenAI api key if you haven’t already done so.
# !pip install "docarray[hnswlib]"
# Get an OpenAI token: https://platform.openai.com/account/api-keys
# import os
# from getpass import getpass
# OPENAI_API_KEY = getpass()
# os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = OPENAI_API_KEY
Using DocArrayHnswSearch#
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import DocArrayHnswSearch
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
documents = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt').load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
db = DocArrayHnswSearch.from_documents(docs, embeddings, work_dir='hnswlib_store/', n_dim=1536)
Similarity search#
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = db.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Similarity search with score#
The returned distance score is cosine distance. Therefore, a lower score is better.
docs = db.similarity_search_with_score(query)
docs[0]
(Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={}),
0.36962226)
import shutil
# delete the dir
shutil.rmtree('hnswlib_store')
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Deep Lake
next
DocArrayInMemorySearch
Contents
Setup
Using DocArrayHnswSearch
Similarity search
Similarity search with score
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/docarray_hnsw.html |
b8483673a15f-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Tigris
Contents
Initialize Tigris vector store
Similarity Search
Similarity Search with score (vector distance)
Tigris#
Tigris is an open source Serverless NoSQL Database and Search Platform designed to simplify building high-performance vector search applications.
Tigris eliminates the infrastructure complexity of managing, operating, and synchronizing multiple tools, allowing you to focus on building great applications instead.
This notebook guides you how to use Tigris as your VectorStore
Pre requisites
An OpenAI account. You can sign up for an account here
Sign up for a free Tigris account. Once you have signed up for the Tigris account, create a new project called vectordemo. Next, make a note of the Uri for the region you’ve created your project in, the clientId and clientSecret. You can get all this information from the Application Keys section of the project.
Let’s first install our dependencies:
!pip install tigrisdb openapi-schema-pydantic openai tiktoken
We will load the OpenAI api key and Tigris credentials in our environment
import os
import getpass
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
os.environ['TIGRIS_PROJECT'] = getpass.getpass('Tigris Project Name:')
os.environ['TIGRIS_CLIENT_ID'] = getpass.getpass('Tigris Client Id:')
os.environ['TIGRIS_CLIENT_SECRET'] = getpass.getpass('Tigris Client Secret:')
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import Tigris
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
Initialize Tigris vector store#
Let’s import our test dataset:
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
vector_store = Tigris.from_documents(docs, embeddings, index_name="my_embeddings")
Similarity Search#
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
found_docs = vector_store.similarity_search(query)
print(found_docs)
Similarity Search with score (vector distance)#
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
result = vector_store.similarity_search_with_score(query)
for (doc, score) in result:
print(f"document={doc}, score={score}")
previous
Tair
next
Typesense
Contents
Initialize Tigris vector store
Similarity Search
Similarity Search with score (vector distance)
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/tigris.html |
faaf549b807d-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
DocArrayInMemorySearch
Contents
Setup
Using DocArrayInMemorySearch
Similarity search
Similarity search with score
DocArrayInMemorySearch#
DocArrayInMemorySearch is a document index provided by Docarray that stores documents in memory. It is a great starting point for small datasets, where you may not want to launch a database server.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the DocArrayInMemorySearch.
Setup#
Uncomment the below cells to install docarray and get/set your OpenAI api key if you haven’t already done so.
# !pip install "docarray"
# Get an OpenAI token: https://platform.openai.com/account/api-keys
# import os
# from getpass import getpass
# OPENAI_API_KEY = getpass()
# os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = OPENAI_API_KEY
Using DocArrayInMemorySearch#
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import DocArrayInMemorySearch
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
documents = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt').load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
db = DocArrayInMemorySearch.from_documents(docs, embeddings)
Similarity search#
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = db.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Similarity search with score#
The returned distance score is cosine distance. Therefore, a lower score is better.
docs = db.similarity_search_with_score(query)
docs[0]
(Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={}),
0.8154190158347903)
previous
DocArrayHnswSearch
next
ElasticSearch
Contents
Setup
Using DocArrayInMemorySearch
Similarity search
Similarity search with score
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/docarray_in_memory.html |
e05b847b07d0-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Annoy
Contents
Create VectorStore from texts
Create VectorStore from docs
Create VectorStore via existing embeddings
Search via embeddings
Search via docstore id
Save and load
Construct from scratch
Annoy#
Annoy (Approximate Nearest Neighbors Oh Yeah) is a C++ library with Python bindings to search for points in space that are close to a given query point. It also creates large read-only file-based data structures that are mmapped into memory so that many processes may share the same data.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the Annoy vector database.
Note
NOTE: Annoy is read-only - once the index is built you cannot add any more emebddings!
If you want to progressively add new entries to your VectorStore then better choose an alternative!
#!pip install annoy
Create VectorStore from texts#
from langchain.embeddings import HuggingFaceEmbeddings
from langchain.vectorstores import Annoy
embeddings_func = HuggingFaceEmbeddings()
texts = ["pizza is great", "I love salad", "my car", "a dog"]
# default metric is angular
vector_store = Annoy.from_texts(texts, embeddings_func)
# allows for custom annoy parameters, defaults are n_trees=100, n_jobs=-1, metric="angular"
vector_store_v2 = Annoy.from_texts(
texts, embeddings_func, metric="dot", n_trees=100, n_jobs=1
)
vector_store.similarity_search("food", k=3)
[Document(page_content='pizza is great', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='I love salad', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='my car', metadata={})]
# the score is a distance metric, so lower is better
vector_store.similarity_search_with_score("food", k=3)
[(Document(page_content='pizza is great', metadata={}), 1.0944390296936035),
(Document(page_content='I love salad', metadata={}), 1.1273186206817627),
(Document(page_content='my car', metadata={}), 1.1580758094787598)]
Create VectorStore from docs#
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
loader = TextLoader("../../../state_of_the_union.txt")
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
docs[:5]
[Document(page_content='Madam Speaker, Madam Vice President, our First Lady and Second Gentleman. Members of Congress and the Cabinet. Justices of the Supreme Court. My fellow Americans. \n\nLast year COVID-19 kept us apart. This year we are finally together again. \n\nTonight, we meet as Democrats Republicans and Independents. But most importantly as Americans. \n\nWith a duty to one another to the American people to the Constitution. \n\nAnd with an unwavering resolve that freedom will always triumph over tyranny. \n\nSix days ago, Russia’s Vladimir Putin sought to shake the foundations of the free world thinking he could make it bend to his menacing ways. But he badly miscalculated. \n\nHe thought he could roll into Ukraine and the world would roll over. Instead he met a wall of strength he never imagined. \n\nHe met the Ukrainian people. \n\nFrom President Zelenskyy to every Ukrainian, their fearlessness, their courage, their determination, inspires the world.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'}), | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/annoy.html |
e05b847b07d0-1 | Document(page_content='Groups of citizens blocking tanks with their bodies. Everyone from students to retirees teachers turned soldiers defending their homeland. \n\nIn this struggle as President Zelenskyy said in his speech to the European Parliament “Light will win over darkness.” The Ukrainian Ambassador to the United States is here tonight. \n\nLet each of us here tonight in this Chamber send an unmistakable signal to Ukraine and to the world. \n\nPlease rise if you are able and show that, Yes, we the United States of America stand with the Ukrainian people. \n\nThroughout our history we’ve learned this lesson when dictators do not pay a price for their aggression they cause more chaos. \n\nThey keep moving. \n\nAnd the costs and the threats to America and the world keep rising. \n\nThat’s why the NATO Alliance was created to secure peace and stability in Europe after World War 2. \n\nThe United States is a member along with 29 other nations. \n\nIt matters. American diplomacy matters. American resolve matters.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'}),
Document(page_content='Putin’s latest attack on Ukraine was premeditated and unprovoked. \n\nHe rejected repeated efforts at diplomacy. \n\nHe thought the West and NATO wouldn’t respond. And he thought he could divide us at home. Putin was wrong. We were ready. Here is what we did. \n\nWe prepared extensively and carefully. \n\nWe spent months building a coalition of other freedom-loving nations from Europe and the Americas to Asia and Africa to confront Putin. \n\nI spent countless hours unifying our European allies. We shared with the world in advance what we knew Putin was planning and precisely how he would try to falsely justify his aggression. \n\nWe countered Russia’s lies with truth. \n\nAnd now that he has acted the free world is holding him accountable. \n\nAlong with twenty-seven members of the European Union including France, Germany, Italy, as well as countries like the United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, Korea, Australia, New Zealand, and many others, even Switzerland.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'}),
Document(page_content='We are inflicting pain on Russia and supporting the people of Ukraine. Putin is now isolated from the world more than ever. \n\nTogether with our allies –we are right now enforcing powerful economic sanctions. \n\nWe are cutting off Russia’s largest banks from the international financial system. \n\nPreventing Russia’s central bank from defending the Russian Ruble making Putin’s $630 Billion “war fund” worthless. \n\nWe are choking off Russia’s access to technology that will sap its economic strength and weaken its military for years to come. \n\nTonight I say to the Russian oligarchs and corrupt leaders who have bilked billions of dollars off this violent regime no more. \n\nThe U.S. Department of Justice is assembling a dedicated task force to go after the crimes of Russian oligarchs. \n\nWe are joining with our European allies to find and seize your yachts your luxury apartments your private jets. We are coming for your ill-begotten gains.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'}),
Document(page_content='And tonight I am announcing that we will join our allies in closing off American air space to all Russian flights – further isolating Russia – and adding an additional squeeze –on their economy. The Ruble has lost 30% of its value. \n\nThe Russian stock market has lost 40% of its value and trading remains suspended. Russia’s economy is reeling and Putin alone is to blame. \n\nTogether with our allies we are providing support to the Ukrainians in their fight for freedom. Military assistance. Economic assistance. Humanitarian assistance. \n\nWe are giving more than $1 Billion in direct assistance to Ukraine. \n\nAnd we will continue to aid the Ukrainian people as they defend their country and to help ease their suffering. \n\nLet me be clear, our forces are not engaged and will not engage in conflict with Russian forces in Ukraine. \n\nOur forces are not going to Europe to fight in Ukraine, but to defend our NATO Allies – in the event that Putin decides to keep moving west.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'})]
vector_store_from_docs = Annoy.from_documents(docs, embeddings_func)
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = vector_store_from_docs.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content[:100])
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Ac | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/annoy.html |
e05b847b07d0-2 | Create VectorStore via existing embeddings#
embs = embeddings_func.embed_documents(texts)
data = list(zip(texts, embs))
vector_store_from_embeddings = Annoy.from_embeddings(data, embeddings_func)
vector_store_from_embeddings.similarity_search_with_score("food", k=3)
[(Document(page_content='pizza is great', metadata={}), 1.0944390296936035),
(Document(page_content='I love salad', metadata={}), 1.1273186206817627),
(Document(page_content='my car', metadata={}), 1.1580758094787598)]
Search via embeddings#
motorbike_emb = embeddings_func.embed_query("motorbike")
vector_store.similarity_search_by_vector(motorbike_emb, k=3)
[Document(page_content='my car', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='a dog', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='pizza is great', metadata={})]
vector_store.similarity_search_with_score_by_vector(motorbike_emb, k=3)
[(Document(page_content='my car', metadata={}), 1.0870471000671387),
(Document(page_content='a dog', metadata={}), 1.2095637321472168),
(Document(page_content='pizza is great', metadata={}), 1.3254905939102173)]
Search via docstore id#
vector_store.index_to_docstore_id
{0: '2d1498a8-a37c-4798-acb9-0016504ed798',
1: '2d30aecc-88e0-4469-9d51-0ef7e9858e6d',
2: '927f1120-985b-4691-b577-ad5cb42e011c',
3: '3056ddcf-a62f-48c8-bd98-b9e57a3dfcae'}
some_docstore_id = 0 # texts[0]
vector_store.docstore._dict[vector_store.index_to_docstore_id[some_docstore_id]]
Document(page_content='pizza is great', metadata={})
# same document has distance 0
vector_store.similarity_search_with_score_by_index(some_docstore_id, k=3)
[(Document(page_content='pizza is great', metadata={}), 0.0),
(Document(page_content='I love salad', metadata={}), 1.0734446048736572),
(Document(page_content='my car', metadata={}), 1.2895267009735107)]
Save and load#
vector_store.save_local("my_annoy_index_and_docstore")
saving config
loaded_vector_store = Annoy.load_local(
"my_annoy_index_and_docstore", embeddings=embeddings_func
)
# same document has distance 0
loaded_vector_store.similarity_search_with_score_by_index(some_docstore_id, k=3)
[(Document(page_content='pizza is great', metadata={}), 0.0),
(Document(page_content='I love salad', metadata={}), 1.0734446048736572),
(Document(page_content='my car', metadata={}), 1.2895267009735107)]
Construct from scratch#
import uuid
from annoy import AnnoyIndex
from langchain.docstore.document import Document
from langchain.docstore.in_memory import InMemoryDocstore
metadatas = [{"x": "food"}, {"x": "food"}, {"x": "stuff"}, {"x": "animal"}]
# embeddings
embeddings = embeddings_func.embed_documents(texts)
# embedding dim
f = len(embeddings[0])
# index
metric = "angular"
index = AnnoyIndex(f, metric=metric)
for i, emb in enumerate(embeddings):
index.add_item(i, emb)
index.build(10)
# docstore
documents = []
for i, text in enumerate(texts):
metadata = metadatas[i] if metadatas else {}
documents.append(Document(page_content=text, metadata=metadata))
index_to_docstore_id = {i: str(uuid.uuid4()) for i in range(len(documents))}
docstore = InMemoryDocstore(
{index_to_docstore_id[i]: doc for i, doc in enumerate(documents)}
)
db_manually = Annoy(
embeddings_func.embed_query, index, metric, docstore, index_to_docstore_id
)
db_manually.similarity_search_with_score("eating!", k=3) | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/annoy.html |
e05b847b07d0-3 | )
db_manually.similarity_search_with_score("eating!", k=3)
[(Document(page_content='pizza is great', metadata={'x': 'food'}),
1.1314140558242798),
(Document(page_content='I love salad', metadata={'x': 'food'}),
1.1668788194656372),
(Document(page_content='my car', metadata={'x': 'stuff'}), 1.226445198059082)]
previous
AnalyticDB
next
Atlas
Contents
Create VectorStore from texts
Create VectorStore from docs
Create VectorStore via existing embeddings
Search via embeddings
Search via docstore id
Save and load
Construct from scratch
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/annoy.html |
27e4ea9f2ce5-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
PGVector
Contents
Similarity search with score
Similarity Search with Euclidean Distance (Default)
Working with vectorstore in PG
Uploading a vectorstore in PG
Retrieving a vectorstore in PG
PGVector#
PGVector is an open-source vector similarity search for Postgres
It supports:
exact and approximate nearest neighbor search
L2 distance, inner product, and cosine distance
This notebook shows how to use the Postgres vector database (PGVector).
See the installation instruction.
# Pip install necessary package
!pip install pgvector
!pip install openai
!pip install psycopg2-binary
!pip install tiktoken
Requirement already satisfied: pgvector in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (0.1.8)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from pgvector) (1.24.3)
Requirement already satisfied: openai in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (0.27.7)
Requirement already satisfied: requests>=2.20 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from openai) (2.28.2)
Requirement already satisfied: tqdm in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from openai) (4.65.0)
Requirement already satisfied: aiohttp in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from openai) (3.8.4)
Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from requests>=2.20->openai) (3.1.0)
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Requirement already satisfied: yarl<2.0,>=1.0 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from aiohttp->openai) (1.9.2)
Requirement already satisfied: frozenlist>=1.1.1 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from aiohttp->openai) (1.3.3)
Requirement already satisfied: aiosignal>=1.1.2 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from aiohttp->openai) (1.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: psycopg2-binary in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (2.9.6)
Requirement already satisfied: tiktoken in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (0.4.0)
Requirement already satisfied: regex>=2022.1.18 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from tiktoken) (2023.5.5) | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/pgvector.html |
27e4ea9f2ce5-1 | Requirement already satisfied: requests>=2.26.0 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from tiktoken) (2.28.2)
Requirement already satisfied: charset-normalizer<4,>=2 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from requests>=2.26.0->tiktoken) (3.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: idna<4,>=2.5 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from requests>=2.26.0->tiktoken) (3.4)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.27,>=1.21.1 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from requests>=2.26.0->tiktoken) (1.26.15)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in /Users/joyeed/langchain/langchain/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from requests>=2.26.0->tiktoken) (2023.5.7)
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
import os
import getpass
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
OpenAI API Key:········
## Loading Environment Variables
from typing import List, Tuple
from dotenv import load_dotenv
load_dotenv()
False
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores.pgvector import PGVector
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
from langchain.docstore.document import Document
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
## PGVector needs the connection string to the database.
## We will load it from the environment variables.
import os
CONNECTION_STRING = PGVector.connection_string_from_db_params(
driver=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_DRIVER", "psycopg2"),
host=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_HOST", "localhost"),
port=int(os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_PORT", "5432")),
database=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_DATABASE", "postgres"),
user=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_USER", "postgres"),
password=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_PASSWORD", "postgres"),
)
## Example
# postgresql+psycopg2://username:password@localhost:5432/database_name
# ## PGVector needs the connection string to the database.
# ## We will load it from the environment variables.
# import os
# CONNECTION_STRING = PGVector.connection_string_from_db_params(
# driver=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_DRIVER", "psycopg2"),
# host=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_HOST", "localhost"),
# port=int(os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_PORT", "5432")),
# database=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_DATABASE", "rd-embeddings"),
# user=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_USER", "admin"),
# password=os.environ.get("PGVECTOR_PASSWORD", "password"),
# )
# ## Example
# # postgresql+psycopg2://username:password@localhost:5432/database_name
Similarity search with score#
Similarity Search with Euclidean Distance (Default)#
# The PGVector Module will try to create a table with the name of the collection. So, make sure that the collection name is unique and the user has the
# permission to create a table.
db = PGVector.from_documents(
embedding=embeddings,
documents=docs,
collection_name="state_of_the_union",
connection_string=CONNECTION_STRING,
)
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs_with_score: List[Tuple[Document, float]] = db.similarity_search_with_score(query)
for doc, score in docs_with_score:
print("-" * 80)
print("Score: ", score)
print(doc.page_content)
print("-" * 80)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Score: 0.6076804864602984 | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/pgvector.html |
27e4ea9f2ce5-2 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Score: 0.6076804864602984
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Score: 0.6076804864602984
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Score: 0.659062774389974
A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans.
And if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system.
We can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling.
We’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers.
We’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster.
We’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Score: 0.659062774389974
A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans.
And if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system.
We can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling.
We’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers.
We’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster.
We’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Working with vectorstore in PG#
Uploading a vectorstore in PG#
data=docs
api_key=os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY']
db = PGVector.from_documents(
documents=docs,
embedding=embeddings,
collection_name=collection_name,
connection_string=connection_string,
distance_strategy=DistanceStrategy.COSINE,
openai_api_key=api_key,
pre_delete_collection=False
)
Retrieving a vectorstore in PG#
connection_string = CONNECTION_STRING
embedding=embeddings
collection_name="state_of_the_union"
from langchain.vectorstores.pgvector import DistanceStrategy
store = PGVector(
connection_string=connection_string,
embedding_function=embedding,
collection_name=collection_name,
distance_strategy=DistanceStrategy.COSINE
)
retriever = store.as_retriever()
print(retriever) | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/pgvector.html |
27e4ea9f2ce5-3 | )
retriever = store.as_retriever()
print(retriever)
vectorstore=<langchain.vectorstores.pgvector.PGVector object at 0x7fe9a1b1c670> search_type='similarity' search_kwargs={}
# When we have an existing PG VEctor
DEFAULT_DISTANCE_STRATEGY = DistanceStrategy.EUCLIDEAN
db1 = PGVector.from_existing_index(
embedding=embeddings,
collection_name="state_of_the_union",
distance_strategy=DEFAULT_DISTANCE_STRATEGY,
pre_delete_collection = False,
connection_string=CONNECTION_STRING,
)
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs_with_score: List[Tuple[Document, float]] = db1.similarity_search_with_score(query)
print(docs_with_score) | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/pgvector.html |
27e4ea9f2ce5-4 | print(docs_with_score)
[(Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'}), 0.6075870262188066), (Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'}), 0.6075870262188066), (Document(page_content='A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans. \n\nAnd if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system. \n\nWe can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling. \n\nWe’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers. \n\nWe’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster. \n\nWe’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'}), 0.6589478388546668), (Document(page_content='A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans. \n\nAnd if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system. \n\nWe can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling. \n\nWe’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers. \n\nWe’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster. \n\nWe’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt'}), 0.6589478388546668)]
for doc, score in docs_with_score:
print("-" * 80)
print("Score: ", score)
print(doc.page_content)
print("-" * 80)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Score: 0.6075870262188066
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/pgvector.html |
27e4ea9f2ce5-5 | One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Score: 0.6075870262188066
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Score: 0.6589478388546668
A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans.
And if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system.
We can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling.
We’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers.
We’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster.
We’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Score: 0.6589478388546668
A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans.
And if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system.
We can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling.
We’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers.
We’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster.
We’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
previous
OpenSearch
next
Pinecone
Contents
Similarity search with score
Similarity Search with Euclidean Distance (Default)
Working with vectorstore in PG
Uploading a vectorstore in PG
Retrieving a vectorstore in PG
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/pgvector.html |
0c8d9ded5f65-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Deep Lake
Contents
Retrieval Question/Answering
Attribute based filtering in metadata
Choosing distance function
Maximal Marginal relevance
Delete dataset
Deep Lake datasets on cloud (Activeloop, AWS, GCS, etc.) or in memory
Creating dataset on AWS S3
Deep Lake API
Transfer local dataset to cloud
Deep Lake#
Deep Lake as a Multi-Modal Vector Store that stores embeddings and their metadata including text, jsons, images, audio, video, and more. It saves the data locally, in your cloud, or on Activeloop storage. It performs hybrid search including embeddings and their attributes.
This notebook showcases basic functionality related to Deep Lake. While Deep Lake can store embeddings, it is capable of storing any type of data. It is a fully fledged serverless data lake with version control, query engine and streaming dataloader to deep learning frameworks.
For more information, please see the Deep Lake documentation or api reference
!pip install openai deeplake tiktoken
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import DeepLake
import os
import getpass
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
Create a dataset locally at ./deeplake/, then run similiarity search. The Deeplake+LangChain integration uses Deep Lake datasets under the hood, so dataset and vector store are used interchangeably. To create a dataset in your own cloud, or in the Deep Lake storage, adjust the path accordingly.
db = DeepLake(dataset_path="./my_deeplake/", embedding_function=embeddings)
db.add_documents(docs)
# or shorter
# db = DeepLake.from_documents(docs, dataset_path="./my_deeplake/", embedding=embeddings, overwrite=True)
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = db.similarity_search(query)
/home/leo/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/deeplake/util/check_latest_version.py:32: UserWarning: A newer version of deeplake (3.3.2) is available. It's recommended that you update to the latest version using `pip install -U deeplake`.
warnings.warn(
./my_deeplake/ loaded successfully.
Evaluating ingest: 100%|██████████████████████████████████████| 1/1 [00:07<00:00
Dataset(path='./my_deeplake/', tensors=['embedding', 'ids', 'metadata', 'text'])
tensor htype shape dtype compression
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
embedding generic (42, 1536) float32 None
ids text (42, 1) str None
metadata json (42, 1) str None
text text (42, 1) str None
print(docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Later, you can reload the dataset without recomputing embeddings
db = DeepLake(dataset_path="./my_deeplake/", embedding_function=embeddings, read_only=True)
docs = db.similarity_search(query)
./my_deeplake/ loaded successfully.
Deep Lake Dataset in ./my_deeplake/ already exists, loading from the storage | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/deeplake.html |
0c8d9ded5f65-1 | Deep Lake Dataset in ./my_deeplake/ already exists, loading from the storage
Dataset(path='./my_deeplake/', read_only=True, tensors=['embedding', 'ids', 'metadata', 'text'])
tensor htype shape dtype compression
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
embedding generic (42, 1536) float32 None
ids text (42, 1) str None
metadata json (42, 1) str None
text text (42, 1) str None
Deep Lake, for now, is single writer and multiple reader. Setting read_only=True helps to avoid acquring the writer lock.
Retrieval Question/Answering#
from langchain.chains import RetrievalQA
from langchain.llms import OpenAIChat
qa = RetrievalQA.from_chain_type(llm=OpenAIChat(model='gpt-3.5-turbo'), chain_type='stuff', retriever=db.as_retriever())
/home/leo/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/langchain/llms/openai.py:624: UserWarning: You are trying to use a chat model. This way of initializing it is no longer supported. Instead, please use: `from langchain.chat_models import ChatOpenAI`
warnings.warn(
query = 'What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson'
qa.run(query)
'The president nominated Ketanji Brown Jackson to serve on the United States Supreme Court. He described her as a former top litigator in private practice, a former federal public defender, a consensus builder, and from a family of public school educators and police officers. He also mentioned that she has received broad support from various groups since being nominated.'
Attribute based filtering in metadata#
import random
for d in docs:
d.metadata['year'] = random.randint(2012, 2014)
db = DeepLake.from_documents(docs, embeddings, dataset_path="./my_deeplake/", overwrite=True)
./my_deeplake/ loaded successfully.
Evaluating ingest: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:04<00:00
Dataset(path='./my_deeplake/', tensors=['embedding', 'ids', 'metadata', 'text'])
tensor htype shape dtype compression
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
embedding generic (4, 1536) float32 None
ids text (4, 1) str None
metadata json (4, 1) str None
text text (4, 1) str None
db.similarity_search('What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson', filter={'year': 2013})
100%|██████████| 4/4 [00:00<00:00, 1080.24it/s]
[Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2013}), | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/deeplake.html |
0c8d9ded5f65-2 | Document(page_content='And for our LGBTQ+ Americans, let’s finally get the bipartisan Equality Act to my desk. The onslaught of state laws targeting transgender Americans and their families is wrong. \n\nAs I said last year, especially to our younger transgender Americans, I will always have your back as your President, so you can be yourself and reach your God-given potential. \n\nWhile it often appears that we never agree, that isn’t true. I signed 80 bipartisan bills into law last year. From preventing government shutdowns to protecting Asian-Americans from still-too-common hate crimes to reforming military justice. \n\nAnd soon, we’ll strengthen the Violence Against Women Act that I first wrote three decades ago. It is important for us to show the nation that we can come together and do big things. \n\nSo tonight I’m offering a Unity Agenda for the Nation. Four big things we can do together. \n\nFirst, beat the opioid epidemic.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2013})]
Choosing distance function#
Distance function L2 for Euclidean, L1 for Nuclear, Max l-infinity distnace, cos for cosine similarity, dot for dot product
db.similarity_search('What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson?', distance_metric='cos')
[Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2013}),
Document(page_content='A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans. \n\nAnd if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system. \n\nWe can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling. \n\nWe’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers. \n\nWe’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster. \n\nWe’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2012}),
Document(page_content='And for our LGBTQ+ Americans, let’s finally get the bipartisan Equality Act to my desk. The onslaught of state laws targeting transgender Americans and their families is wrong. \n\nAs I said last year, especially to our younger transgender Americans, I will always have your back as your President, so you can be yourself and reach your God-given potential. \n\nWhile it often appears that we never agree, that isn’t true. I signed 80 bipartisan bills into law last year. From preventing government shutdowns to protecting Asian-Americans from still-too-common hate crimes to reforming military justice. \n\nAnd soon, we’ll strengthen the Violence Against Women Act that I first wrote three decades ago. It is important for us to show the nation that we can come together and do big things. \n\nSo tonight I’m offering a Unity Agenda for the Nation. Four big things we can do together. \n\nFirst, beat the opioid epidemic.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2013}), | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/deeplake.html |
0c8d9ded5f65-3 | Document(page_content='Tonight, I’m announcing a crackdown on these companies overcharging American businesses and consumers. \n\nAnd as Wall Street firms take over more nursing homes, quality in those homes has gone down and costs have gone up. \n\nThat ends on my watch. \n\nMedicare is going to set higher standards for nursing homes and make sure your loved ones get the care they deserve and expect. \n\nWe’ll also cut costs and keep the economy going strong by giving workers a fair shot, provide more training and apprenticeships, hire them based on their skills not degrees. \n\nLet’s pass the Paycheck Fairness Act and paid leave. \n\nRaise the minimum wage to $15 an hour and extend the Child Tax Credit, so no one has to raise a family in poverty. \n\nLet’s increase Pell Grants and increase our historic support of HBCUs, and invest in what Jill—our First Lady who teaches full-time—calls America’s best-kept secret: community colleges.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2012})]
Maximal Marginal relevance#
Using maximal marginal relevance
db.max_marginal_relevance_search('What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson?')
[Document(page_content='Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections. \n\nTonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service. \n\nOne of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court. \n\nAnd I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2013}),
Document(page_content='Tonight, I’m announcing a crackdown on these companies overcharging American businesses and consumers. \n\nAnd as Wall Street firms take over more nursing homes, quality in those homes has gone down and costs have gone up. \n\nThat ends on my watch. \n\nMedicare is going to set higher standards for nursing homes and make sure your loved ones get the care they deserve and expect. \n\nWe’ll also cut costs and keep the economy going strong by giving workers a fair shot, provide more training and apprenticeships, hire them based on their skills not degrees. \n\nLet’s pass the Paycheck Fairness Act and paid leave. \n\nRaise the minimum wage to $15 an hour and extend the Child Tax Credit, so no one has to raise a family in poverty. \n\nLet’s increase Pell Grants and increase our historic support of HBCUs, and invest in what Jill—our First Lady who teaches full-time—calls America’s best-kept secret: community colleges.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2012}),
Document(page_content='A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans. \n\nAnd if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system. \n\nWe can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling. \n\nWe’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers. \n\nWe’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster. \n\nWe’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2012}), | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/deeplake.html |
0c8d9ded5f65-4 | Document(page_content='And for our LGBTQ+ Americans, let’s finally get the bipartisan Equality Act to my desk. The onslaught of state laws targeting transgender Americans and their families is wrong. \n\nAs I said last year, especially to our younger transgender Americans, I will always have your back as your President, so you can be yourself and reach your God-given potential. \n\nWhile it often appears that we never agree, that isn’t true. I signed 80 bipartisan bills into law last year. From preventing government shutdowns to protecting Asian-Americans from still-too-common hate crimes to reforming military justice. \n\nAnd soon, we’ll strengthen the Violence Against Women Act that I first wrote three decades ago. It is important for us to show the nation that we can come together and do big things. \n\nSo tonight I’m offering a Unity Agenda for the Nation. Four big things we can do together. \n\nFirst, beat the opioid epidemic.', metadata={'source': '../../../state_of_the_union.txt', 'year': 2013})]
Delete dataset#
db.delete_dataset()
and if delete fails you can also force delete
DeepLake.force_delete_by_path("./my_deeplake")
Deep Lake datasets on cloud (Activeloop, AWS, GCS, etc.) or in memory#
By default deep lake datasets are stored locally, in case you want to store them in memory, in the Deep Lake Managed DB, or in any object storage, you can provide the corresponding path to the dataset. You can retrieve your user token from app.activeloop.ai
os.environ['ACTIVELOOP_TOKEN'] = getpass.getpass('Activeloop Token:')
# Embed and store the texts
username = "<username>" # your username on app.activeloop.ai
dataset_path = f"hub://{username}/langchain_test" # could be also ./local/path (much faster locally), s3://bucket/path/to/dataset, gcs://path/to/dataset, etc.
embedding = OpenAIEmbeddings()
db = DeepLake(dataset_path=dataset_path, embedding_function=embeddings, overwrite=True)
db.add_documents(docs)
Your Deep Lake dataset has been successfully created!
The dataset is private so make sure you are logged in!
This dataset can be visualized in Jupyter Notebook by ds.visualize() or at https://app.activeloop.ai/davitbun/langchain_test
hub://davitbun/langchain_test loaded successfully.
Evaluating ingest: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:14<00:00
Dataset(path='hub://davitbun/langchain_test', tensors=['embedding', 'ids', 'metadata', 'text'])
tensor htype shape dtype compression
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
embedding generic (4, 1536) float32 None
ids text (4, 1) str None
metadata json (4, 1) str None
text text (4, 1) str None
['d6d6ccb4-e187-11ed-b66d-41c5f7b85421',
'd6d6ccb5-e187-11ed-b66d-41c5f7b85421',
'd6d6ccb6-e187-11ed-b66d-41c5f7b85421',
'd6d6ccb7-e187-11ed-b66d-41c5f7b85421']
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = db.similarity_search(query)
print(docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Creating dataset on AWS S3# | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/deeplake.html |
0c8d9ded5f65-5 | Creating dataset on AWS S3#
dataset_path = f"s3://BUCKET/langchain_test" # could be also ./local/path (much faster locally), hub://bucket/path/to/dataset, gcs://path/to/dataset, etc.
embedding = OpenAIEmbeddings()
db = DeepLake.from_documents(docs, dataset_path=dataset_path, embedding=embeddings, overwrite=True, creds = {
'aws_access_key_id': os.environ['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
'aws_secret_access_key': os.environ['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'],
'aws_session_token': os.environ['AWS_SESSION_TOKEN'], # Optional
})
s3://hub-2.0-datasets-n/langchain_test loaded successfully.
Evaluating ingest: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:10<00:00
\
Dataset(path='s3://hub-2.0-datasets-n/langchain_test', tensors=['embedding', 'ids', 'metadata', 'text'])
tensor htype shape dtype compression
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
embedding generic (4, 1536) float32 None
ids text (4, 1) str None
metadata json (4, 1) str None
text text (4, 1) str None
Deep Lake API#
you can access the Deep Lake dataset at db.ds
# get structure of the dataset
db.ds.summary()
Dataset(path='hub://davitbun/langchain_test', tensors=['embedding', 'ids', 'metadata', 'text'])
tensor htype shape dtype compression
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
embedding generic (4, 1536) float32 None
ids text (4, 1) str None
metadata json (4, 1) str None
text text (4, 1) str None
# get embeddings numpy array
embeds = db.ds.embedding.numpy()
Transfer local dataset to cloud#
Copy already created dataset to the cloud. You can also transfer from cloud to local.
import deeplake
username = "davitbun" # your username on app.activeloop.ai
source = f"hub://{username}/langchain_test" # could be local, s3, gcs, etc.
destination = f"hub://{username}/langchain_test_copy" # could be local, s3, gcs, etc.
deeplake.deepcopy(src=source, dest=destination, overwrite=True)
Copying dataset: 100%|██████████| 56/56 [00:38<00:00
This dataset can be visualized in Jupyter Notebook by ds.visualize() or at https://app.activeloop.ai/davitbun/langchain_test_copy
Your Deep Lake dataset has been successfully created!
The dataset is private so make sure you are logged in!
Dataset(path='hub://davitbun/langchain_test_copy', tensors=['embedding', 'ids', 'metadata', 'text'])
db = DeepLake(dataset_path=destination, embedding_function=embeddings)
db.add_documents(docs)
This dataset can be visualized in Jupyter Notebook by ds.visualize() or at https://app.activeloop.ai/davitbun/langchain_test_copy
/
hub://davitbun/langchain_test_copy loaded successfully.
Deep Lake Dataset in hub://davitbun/langchain_test_copy already exists, loading from the storage
Dataset(path='hub://davitbun/langchain_test_copy', tensors=['embedding', 'ids', 'metadata', 'text'])
tensor htype shape dtype compression
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
embedding generic (4, 1536) float32 None
ids text (4, 1) str None
metadata json (4, 1) str None
text text (4, 1) str None
Evaluating ingest: 100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:31<00:00
-
Dataset(path='hub://davitbun/langchain_test_copy', tensors=['embedding', 'ids', 'metadata', 'text'])
tensor htype shape dtype compression
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/deeplake.html |
0c8d9ded5f65-6 | ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
embedding generic (8, 1536) float32 None
ids text (8, 1) str None
metadata json (8, 1) str None
text text (8, 1) str None
['ad42f3fe-e188-11ed-b66d-41c5f7b85421',
'ad42f3ff-e188-11ed-b66d-41c5f7b85421',
'ad42f400-e188-11ed-b66d-41c5f7b85421',
'ad42f401-e188-11ed-b66d-41c5f7b85421']
previous
ClickHouse Vector Search
next
DocArrayHnswSearch
Contents
Retrieval Question/Answering
Attribute based filtering in metadata
Choosing distance function
Maximal Marginal relevance
Delete dataset
Deep Lake datasets on cloud (Activeloop, AWS, GCS, etc.) or in memory
Creating dataset on AWS S3
Deep Lake API
Transfer local dataset to cloud
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/deeplake.html |
24ad99710ee1-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
ClickHouse Vector Search
Contents
Setting up envrionments
Get connection info and data schema
Clickhouse table schema
Filtering
Deleting your data
ClickHouse Vector Search#
ClickHouse is the fastest and most resource efficient open-source database for real-time apps and analytics with full SQL support and a wide range of functions to assist users in writing analytical queries. Lately added data structures and distance search functions (like L2Distance) as well as approximate nearest neighbor search indexes enable ClickHouse to be used as a high performance and scalable vector database to store and search vectors with SQL.
This notebook shows how to use functionality related to the ClickHouse vector search.
Setting up envrionments#
Setting up local clickhouse server with docker (optional)
! docker run -d -p 8123:8123 -p9000:9000 --name langchain-clickhouse-server --ulimit nofile=262144:262144 clickhouse/clickhouse-server:23.4.2.11
Setup up clickhouse client driver
!pip install clickhouse-connect
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
import os
import getpass
if not os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY']:
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import Clickhouse, ClickhouseSettings
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
for d in docs:
d.metadata = {'some': 'metadata'}
settings = ClickhouseSettings(table="clickhouse_vector_search_example")
docsearch = Clickhouse.from_documents(docs, embeddings, config=settings)
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = docsearch.similarity_search(query)
Inserting data...: 100%|██████████| 42/42 [00:00<00:00, 2801.49it/s]
print(docs[0].page_content)
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
Get connection info and data schema#
print(str(docsearch))
default.clickhouse_vector_search_example @ localhost:8123
username: None
Table Schema:
---------------------------------------------------
|id |Nullable(String) |
|document |Nullable(String) |
|embedding |Array(Float32) |
|metadata |Object('json') |
|uuid |UUID |
---------------------------------------------------
Clickhouse table schema#
Clickhouse table will be automatically created if not exist by default. Advanced users could pre-create the table with optimized settings. For distributed Clickhouse cluster with sharding, table engine should be configured as Distributed.
print(f"Clickhouse Table DDL:\n\n{docsearch.schema}")
Clickhouse Table DDL:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS default.clickhouse_vector_search_example(
id Nullable(String),
document Nullable(String),
embedding Array(Float32),
metadata JSON,
uuid UUID DEFAULT generateUUIDv4(),
CONSTRAINT cons_vec_len CHECK length(embedding) = 1536,
INDEX vec_idx embedding TYPE annoy(100,'L2Distance') GRANULARITY 1000
) ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY uuid SETTINGS index_granularity = 8192
Filtering#
You can have direct access to ClickHouse SQL where statement. You can write WHERE clause following standard SQL.
NOTE: Please be aware of SQL injection, this interface must not be directly called by end-user. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/clickhouse.html |
24ad99710ee1-1 | If you custimized your column_map under your setting, you search with filter like this:
from langchain.vectorstores import Clickhouse, ClickhouseSettings
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
docs = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
for i, d in enumerate(docs):
d.metadata = {'doc_id': i}
docsearch = Clickhouse.from_documents(docs, embeddings)
Inserting data...: 100%|██████████| 42/42 [00:00<00:00, 6939.56it/s]
meta = docsearch.metadata_column
output = docsearch.similarity_search_with_relevance_scores('What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson?',
k=4, where_str=f"{meta}.doc_id<10")
for d, dist in output:
print(dist, d.metadata, d.page_content[:20] + '...')
0.6779101415357189 {'doc_id': 0} Madam Speaker, Madam...
0.6997970363474885 {'doc_id': 8} And so many families...
0.7044504914336727 {'doc_id': 1} Groups of citizens b...
0.7053558702165094 {'doc_id': 6} And I’m taking robus...
Deleting your data#
docsearch.drop()
previous
Chroma
next
Deep Lake
Contents
Setting up envrionments
Get connection info and data schema
Clickhouse table schema
Filtering
Deleting your data
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/vectorstores/examples/clickhouse.html |
374093f54bbc-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Self-querying with Weaviate
Contents
Creating a Weaviate vectorstore
Creating our self-querying retriever
Testing it out
Filter k
Self-querying with Weaviate#
Creating a Weaviate vectorstore#
First we’ll want to create a Weaviate VectorStore and seed it with some data. We’ve created a small demo set of documents that contain summaries of movies.
NOTE: The self-query retriever requires you to have lark installed (pip install lark). We also need the weaviate-client package.
#!pip install lark weaviate-client
from langchain.schema import Document
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.vectorstores import Weaviate
import os
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
docs = [
Document(page_content="A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose", metadata={"year": 1993, "rating": 7.7, "genre": "science fiction"}),
Document(page_content="Leo DiCaprio gets lost in a dream within a dream within a dream within a ...", metadata={"year": 2010, "director": "Christopher Nolan", "rating": 8.2}),
Document(page_content="A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea", metadata={"year": 2006, "director": "Satoshi Kon", "rating": 8.6}),
Document(page_content="A bunch of normal-sized women are supremely wholesome and some men pine after them", metadata={"year": 2019, "director": "Greta Gerwig", "rating": 8.3}),
Document(page_content="Toys come alive and have a blast doing so", metadata={"year": 1995, "genre": "animated"}),
Document(page_content="Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone", metadata={"year": 1979, "rating": 9.9, "director": "Andrei Tarkovsky", "genre": "science fiction", "rating": 9.9})
]
vectorstore = Weaviate.from_documents(
docs, embeddings, weaviate_url="http://127.0.0.1:8080"
)
Creating our self-querying retriever#
Now we can instantiate our retriever. To do this we’ll need to provide some information upfront about the metadata fields that our documents support and a short description of the document contents.
from langchain.llms import OpenAI
from langchain.retrievers.self_query.base import SelfQueryRetriever
from langchain.chains.query_constructor.base import AttributeInfo
metadata_field_info=[
AttributeInfo(
name="genre",
description="The genre of the movie",
type="string or list[string]",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="year",
description="The year the movie was released",
type="integer",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="director",
description="The name of the movie director",
type="string",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="rating",
description="A 1-10 rating for the movie",
type="float"
),
]
document_content_description = "Brief summary of a movie"
llm = OpenAI(temperature=0)
retriever = SelfQueryRetriever.from_llm(llm, vectorstore, document_content_description, metadata_field_info, verbose=True)
Testing it out#
And now we can try actually using our retriever!
# This example only specifies a relevant query
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What are some movies about dinosaurs")
query='dinosaur' filter=None limit=None
[Document(page_content='A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose', metadata={'genre': 'science fiction', 'rating': 7.7, 'year': 1993}),
Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'genre': 'animated', 'rating': None, 'year': 1995}),
Document(page_content='Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone', metadata={'genre': 'science fiction', 'rating': 9.9, 'year': 1979}), | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/weaviate_self_query.html |
374093f54bbc-1 | Document(page_content='A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea', metadata={'genre': None, 'rating': 8.6, 'year': 2006})]
# This example specifies a query and a filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("Has Greta Gerwig directed any movies about women")
query='women' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='director', value='Greta Gerwig') limit=None
[Document(page_content='A bunch of normal-sized women are supremely wholesome and some men pine after them', metadata={'genre': None, 'rating': 8.3, 'year': 2019})]
Filter k#
We can also use the self query retriever to specify k: the number of documents to fetch.
We can do this by passing enable_limit=True to the constructor.
retriever = SelfQueryRetriever.from_llm(
llm,
vectorstore,
document_content_description,
metadata_field_info,
enable_limit=True,
verbose=True
)
# This example only specifies a relevant query
retriever.get_relevant_documents("what are two movies about dinosaurs")
query='dinosaur' filter=None limit=2
[Document(page_content='A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose', metadata={'genre': 'science fiction', 'rating': 7.7, 'year': 1993}),
Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'genre': 'animated', 'rating': None, 'year': 1995})]
previous
Weaviate Hybrid Search
next
Wikipedia
Contents
Creating a Weaviate vectorstore
Creating our self-querying retriever
Testing it out
Filter k
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/weaviate_self_query.html |
bfa2b8fa15d5-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
VectorStore
Contents
Maximum Marginal Relevance Retrieval
Similarity Score Threshold Retrieval
Specifying top k
VectorStore#
The index - and therefore the retriever - that LangChain has the most support for is the VectorStoreRetriever. As the name suggests, this retriever is backed heavily by a VectorStore.
Once you construct a VectorStore, its very easy to construct a retriever. Let’s walk through an example.
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
loader = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt')
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.vectorstores import FAISS
from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings
documents = loader.load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
texts = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
db = FAISS.from_documents(texts, embeddings)
Exiting: Cleaning up .chroma directory
retriever = db.as_retriever()
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents("what did he say about ketanji brown jackson")
Maximum Marginal Relevance Retrieval#
By default, the vectorstore retriever uses similarity search. If the underlying vectorstore support maximum marginal relevance search, you can specify that as the search type.
retriever = db.as_retriever(search_type="mmr")
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents("what did he say abotu ketanji brown jackson")
Similarity Score Threshold Retrieval#
You can also a retrieval method that sets a similarity score threshold and only returns documents with a score above that threshold
retriever = db.as_retriever(search_type="similarity_score_threshold", search_kwargs={"score_threshold": .5})
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents("what did he say abotu ketanji brown jackson")
Specifying top k#
You can also specify search kwargs like k to use when doing retrieval.
retriever = db.as_retriever(search_kwargs={"k": 1})
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents("what did he say abotu ketanji brown jackson")
len(docs)
1
previous
Time Weighted VectorStore
next
Vespa
Contents
Maximum Marginal Relevance Retrieval
Similarity Score Threshold Retrieval
Specifying top k
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/vectorstore.html |
7b1288250945-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Zep
Contents
Retriever Example
Initialize the Zep Chat Message History Class and add a chat message history to the memory store
Use the Zep Retriever to vector search over the Zep memory
Zep#
Zep - A long-term memory store for LLM applications.
More on Zep:
Zep stores, summarizes, embeds, indexes, and enriches conversational AI chat histories, and exposes them via simple, low-latency APIs.
Key Features:
Long-term memory persistence, with access to historical messages irrespective of your summarization strategy.
Auto-summarization of memory messages based on a configurable message window. A series of summaries are stored, providing flexibility for future summarization strategies.
Vector search over memories, with messages automatically embedded on creation.
Auto-token counting of memories and summaries, allowing finer-grained control over prompt assembly.
Python and JavaScript SDKs.
Zep’s Go Extractor model is easily extensible, with a simple, clean interface available to build new enrichment functionality, such as summarizers, entity extractors, embedders, and more.
Zep project: getzep/zep
Retriever Example#
This notebook demonstrates how to search historical chat message histories using the Zep Long-term Memory Store.
We’ll demonstrate:
Adding conversation history to the Zep memory store.
Vector search over the conversation history.
from langchain.memory.chat_message_histories import ZepChatMessageHistory
from langchain.schema import HumanMessage, AIMessage
from uuid import uuid4
# Set this to your Zep server URL
ZEP_API_URL = "http://localhost:8000"
Initialize the Zep Chat Message History Class and add a chat message history to the memory store#
NOTE: Unlike other Retrievers, the content returned by the Zep Retriever is session/user specific. A session_id is required when instantiating the Retriever.
session_id = str(uuid4()) # This is a unique identifier for the user/session
# Set up Zep Chat History. We'll use this to add chat histories to the memory store
zep_chat_history = ZepChatMessageHistory(
session_id=session_id,
url=ZEP_API_URL,
)
# Preload some messages into the memory. The default message window is 12 messages. We want to push beyond this to demonstrate auto-summarization.
test_history = [
{"role": "human", "content": "Who was Octavia Butler?"},
{
"role": "ai",
"content": (
"Octavia Estelle Butler (June 22, 1947 – February 24, 2006) was an American"
" science fiction author."
),
},
{"role": "human", "content": "Which books of hers were made into movies?"},
{
"role": "ai",
"content": (
"The most well-known adaptation of Octavia Butler's work is the FX series"
" Kindred, based on her novel of the same name."
),
},
{"role": "human", "content": "Who were her contemporaries?"},
{
"role": "ai",
"content": (
"Octavia Butler's contemporaries included Ursula K. Le Guin, Samuel R."
" Delany, and Joanna Russ."
),
},
{"role": "human", "content": "What awards did she win?"},
{
"role": "ai",
"content": (
"Octavia Butler won the Hugo Award, the Nebula Award, and the MacArthur"
" Fellowship."
),
},
{
"role": "human",
"content": "Which other women sci-fi writers might I want to read?",
},
{
"role": "ai",
"content": "You might want to read Ursula K. Le Guin or Joanna Russ.",
},
{
"role": "human",
"content": (
"Write a short synopsis of Butler's book, Parable of the Sower. What is it"
" about?"
),
},
{
"role": "ai",
"content": (
"Parable of the Sower is a science fiction novel by Octavia Butler,"
" published in 1993. It follows the story of Lauren Olamina, a young woman" | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/zep_memorystore.html |
7b1288250945-1 | " living in a dystopian future where society has collapsed due to"
" environmental disasters, poverty, and violence."
),
},
]
for msg in test_history:
zep_chat_history.append(
HumanMessage(content=msg["content"])
if msg["role"] == "human"
else AIMessage(content=msg["content"])
)
Use the Zep Retriever to vector search over the Zep memory#
Zep provides native vector search over historical conversation memory. Embedding happens automatically.
NOTE: Embedding of messages occurs asynchronously, so the first query may not return results. Subsequent queries will return results as the embeddings are generated.
from langchain.retrievers import ZepRetriever
zep_retriever = ZepRetriever(
session_id=session_id, # Ensure that you provide the session_id when instantiating the Retriever
url=ZEP_API_URL,
top_k=5,
)
await zep_retriever.aget_relevant_documents("Who wrote Parable of the Sower?")
[Document(page_content='Who was Octavia Butler?', metadata={'score': 0.7759001673780126, 'uuid': '3a82a02f-056e-4c6a-b960-67ebdf3b2b93', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.2041Z', 'role': 'human', 'token_count': 8}),
Document(page_content="Octavia Butler's contemporaries included Ursula K. Le Guin, Samuel R. Delany, and Joanna Russ.", metadata={'score': 0.7602262941130749, 'uuid': 'a2fc9c21-0897-46c8-bef7-6f5c0f71b04a', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.248065Z', 'role': 'ai', 'token_count': 27}),
Document(page_content='Who were her contemporaries?', metadata={'score': 0.757553366415519, 'uuid': '41f9c41a-a205-41e1-b48b-a0a4cd943fc8', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.243995Z', 'role': 'human', 'token_count': 8}),
Document(page_content='Octavia Estelle Butler (June 22, 1947 – February 24, 2006) was an American science fiction author.', metadata={'score': 0.7546211059317948, 'uuid': '34678311-0098-4f1a-8fd4-5615ac692deb', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.231427Z', 'role': 'ai', 'token_count': 31}),
Document(page_content='Which books of hers were made into movies?', metadata={'score': 0.7496714959247069, 'uuid': '18046c3a-9666-4d3e-b4f0-43d1394732b7', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.236837Z', 'role': 'human', 'token_count': 11})]
We can also use the Zep sync API to retrieve results:
zep_retriever.get_relevant_documents("Who wrote Parable of the Sower?")
[Document(page_content='Parable of the Sower is a science fiction novel by Octavia Butler, published in 1993. It follows the story of Lauren Olamina, a young woman living in a dystopian future where society has collapsed due to environmental disasters, poverty, and violence.', metadata={'score': 0.8897321402776546, 'uuid': '1c09603a-52c1-40d7-9d69-29f26256029c', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.268257Z', 'role': 'ai', 'token_count': 56}), | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/zep_memorystore.html |
7b1288250945-2 | Document(page_content="Write a short synopsis of Butler's book, Parable of the Sower. What is it about?", metadata={'score': 0.8857628682610436, 'uuid': 'f6706e8c-6c91-452f-8c1b-9559fd924657', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.265302Z', 'role': 'human', 'token_count': 23}),
Document(page_content='Who was Octavia Butler?', metadata={'score': 0.7759670375149477, 'uuid': '3a82a02f-056e-4c6a-b960-67ebdf3b2b93', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.2041Z', 'role': 'human', 'token_count': 8}),
Document(page_content="Octavia Butler's contemporaries included Ursula K. Le Guin, Samuel R. Delany, and Joanna Russ.", metadata={'score': 0.7602854653476563, 'uuid': 'a2fc9c21-0897-46c8-bef7-6f5c0f71b04a', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.248065Z', 'role': 'ai', 'token_count': 27}),
Document(page_content='You might want to read Ursula K. Le Guin or Joanna Russ.', metadata={'score': 0.7595293992240313, 'uuid': 'f22f2498-6118-4c74-8718-aa89ccd7e3d6', 'created_at': '2023-05-25T15:03:30.261198Z', 'role': 'ai', 'token_count': 18})]
previous
Wikipedia
next
Chains
Contents
Retriever Example
Initialize the Zep Chat Message History Class and add a chat message history to the memory store
Use the Zep Retriever to vector search over the Zep memory
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/zep_memorystore.html |
21ee3ea94a99-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Contextual Compression
Contents
Contextual Compression
Using a vanilla vector store retriever
Adding contextual compression with an LLMChainExtractor
More built-in compressors: filters
LLMChainFilter
EmbeddingsFilter
Stringing compressors and document transformers together
Contextual Compression#
This notebook introduces the concept of DocumentCompressors and the ContextualCompressionRetriever. The core idea is simple: given a specific query, we should be able to return only the documents relevant to that query, and only the parts of those documents that are relevant. The ContextualCompressionsRetriever is a wrapper for another retriever that iterates over the initial output of the base retriever and filters and compresses those initial documents, so that only the most relevant information is returned.
# Helper function for printing docs
def pretty_print_docs(docs):
print(f"\n{'-' * 100}\n".join([f"Document {i+1}:\n\n" + d.page_content for i, d in enumerate(docs)]))
Using a vanilla vector store retriever#
Let’s start by initializing a simple vector store retriever and storing the 2023 State of the Union speech (in chunks). We can see that given an example question our retriever returns one or two relevant docs and a few irrelevant docs. And even the relevant docs have a lot of irrelevant information in them.
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
from langchain.vectorstores import FAISS
documents = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt').load()
text_splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=1000, chunk_overlap=0)
texts = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
retriever = FAISS.from_documents(texts, OpenAIEmbeddings()).as_retriever()
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents("What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson")
pretty_print_docs(docs)
Document 1:
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 2:
A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans.
And if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system.
We can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling.
We’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers.
We’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster.
We’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 3:
And for our LGBTQ+ Americans, let’s finally get the bipartisan Equality Act to my desk. The onslaught of state laws targeting transgender Americans and their families is wrong.
As I said last year, especially to our younger transgender Americans, I will always have your back as your President, so you can be yourself and reach your God-given potential.
While it often appears that we never agree, that isn’t true. I signed 80 bipartisan bills into law last year. From preventing government shutdowns to protecting Asian-Americans from still-too-common hate crimes to reforming military justice.
And soon, we’ll strengthen the Violence Against Women Act that I first wrote three decades ago. It is important for us to show the nation that we can come together and do big things.
So tonight I’m offering a Unity Agenda for the Nation. Four big things we can do together.
First, beat the opioid epidemic.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/contextual-compression.html |
21ee3ea94a99-1 | First, beat the opioid epidemic.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 4:
Tonight, I’m announcing a crackdown on these companies overcharging American businesses and consumers.
And as Wall Street firms take over more nursing homes, quality in those homes has gone down and costs have gone up.
That ends on my watch.
Medicare is going to set higher standards for nursing homes and make sure your loved ones get the care they deserve and expect.
We’ll also cut costs and keep the economy going strong by giving workers a fair shot, provide more training and apprenticeships, hire them based on their skills not degrees.
Let’s pass the Paycheck Fairness Act and paid leave.
Raise the minimum wage to $15 an hour and extend the Child Tax Credit, so no one has to raise a family in poverty.
Let’s increase Pell Grants and increase our historic support of HBCUs, and invest in what Jill—our First Lady who teaches full-time—calls America’s best-kept secret: community colleges.
Adding contextual compression with an LLMChainExtractor#
Now let’s wrap our base retriever with a ContextualCompressionRetriever. We’ll add an LLMChainExtractor, which will iterate over the initially returned documents and extract from each only the content that is relevant to the query.
from langchain.llms import OpenAI
from langchain.retrievers import ContextualCompressionRetriever
from langchain.retrievers.document_compressors import LLMChainExtractor
llm = OpenAI(temperature=0)
compressor = LLMChainExtractor.from_llm(llm)
compression_retriever = ContextualCompressionRetriever(base_compressor=compressor, base_retriever=retriever)
compressed_docs = compression_retriever.get_relevant_documents("What did the president say about Ketanji Jackson Brown")
pretty_print_docs(compressed_docs)
Document 1:
"One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence."
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 2:
"A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans."
More built-in compressors: filters#
LLMChainFilter#
The LLMChainFilter is slightly simpler but more robust compressor that uses an LLM chain to decide which of the initially retrieved documents to filter out and which ones to return, without manipulating the document contents.
from langchain.retrievers.document_compressors import LLMChainFilter
_filter = LLMChainFilter.from_llm(llm)
compression_retriever = ContextualCompressionRetriever(base_compressor=_filter, base_retriever=retriever)
compressed_docs = compression_retriever.get_relevant_documents("What did the president say about Ketanji Jackson Brown")
pretty_print_docs(compressed_docs)
Document 1:
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
EmbeddingsFilter#
Making an extra LLM call over each retrieved document is expensive and slow. The EmbeddingsFilter provides a cheaper and faster option by embedding the documents and query and only returning those documents which have sufficiently similar embeddings to the query.
from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.retrievers.document_compressors import EmbeddingsFilter
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
embeddings_filter = EmbeddingsFilter(embeddings=embeddings, similarity_threshold=0.76)
compression_retriever = ContextualCompressionRetriever(base_compressor=embeddings_filter, base_retriever=retriever) | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/contextual-compression.html |
21ee3ea94a99-2 | compressed_docs = compression_retriever.get_relevant_documents("What did the president say about Ketanji Jackson Brown")
pretty_print_docs(compressed_docs)
Document 1:
Tonight. I call on the Senate to: Pass the Freedom to Vote Act. Pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Act. And while you’re at it, pass the Disclose Act so Americans can know who is funding our elections.
Tonight, I’d like to honor someone who has dedicated his life to serve this country: Justice Stephen Breyer—an Army veteran, Constitutional scholar, and retiring Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice Breyer, thank you for your service.
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 2:
A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans.
And if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system.
We can do both. At our border, we’ve installed new technology like cutting-edge scanners to better detect drug smuggling.
We’ve set up joint patrols with Mexico and Guatemala to catch more human traffickers.
We’re putting in place dedicated immigration judges so families fleeing persecution and violence can have their cases heard faster.
We’re securing commitments and supporting partners in South and Central America to host more refugees and secure their own borders.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 3:
And for our LGBTQ+ Americans, let’s finally get the bipartisan Equality Act to my desk. The onslaught of state laws targeting transgender Americans and their families is wrong.
As I said last year, especially to our younger transgender Americans, I will always have your back as your President, so you can be yourself and reach your God-given potential.
While it often appears that we never agree, that isn’t true. I signed 80 bipartisan bills into law last year. From preventing government shutdowns to protecting Asian-Americans from still-too-common hate crimes to reforming military justice.
And soon, we’ll strengthen the Violence Against Women Act that I first wrote three decades ago. It is important for us to show the nation that we can come together and do big things.
So tonight I’m offering a Unity Agenda for the Nation. Four big things we can do together.
First, beat the opioid epidemic.
Stringing compressors and document transformers together#
Using the DocumentCompressorPipeline we can also easily combine multiple compressors in sequence. Along with compressors we can add BaseDocumentTransformers to our pipeline, which don’t perform any contextual compression but simply perform some transformation on a set of documents. For example TextSplitters can be used as document transformers to split documents into smaller pieces, and the EmbeddingsRedundantFilter can be used to filter out redundant documents based on embedding similarity between documents.
Below we create a compressor pipeline by first splitting our docs into smaller chunks, then removing redundant documents, and then filtering based on relevance to the query.
from langchain.document_transformers import EmbeddingsRedundantFilter
from langchain.retrievers.document_compressors import DocumentCompressorPipeline
from langchain.text_splitter import CharacterTextSplitter
splitter = CharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=300, chunk_overlap=0, separator=". ")
redundant_filter = EmbeddingsRedundantFilter(embeddings=embeddings)
relevant_filter = EmbeddingsFilter(embeddings=embeddings, similarity_threshold=0.76)
pipeline_compressor = DocumentCompressorPipeline(
transformers=[splitter, redundant_filter, relevant_filter]
)
compression_retriever = ContextualCompressionRetriever(base_compressor=pipeline_compressor, base_retriever=retriever)
compressed_docs = compression_retriever.get_relevant_documents("What did the president say about Ketanji Jackson Brown")
pretty_print_docs(compressed_docs)
Document 1:
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 2: | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/contextual-compression.html |
21ee3ea94a99-3 | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 2:
As I said last year, especially to our younger transgender Americans, I will always have your back as your President, so you can be yourself and reach your God-given potential.
While it often appears that we never agree, that isn’t true. I signed 80 bipartisan bills into law last year
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 3:
A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder
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Cohere Reranker
next
Databerry
Contents
Contextual Compression
Using a vanilla vector store retriever
Adding contextual compression with an LLMChainExtractor
More built-in compressors: filters
LLMChainFilter
EmbeddingsFilter
Stringing compressors and document transformers together
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/contextual-compression.html |
969d44ef95a6-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Wikipedia
Contents
Installation
Examples
Running retriever
Question Answering on facts
Wikipedia#
Wikipedia is a multilingual free online encyclopedia written and maintained by a community of volunteers, known as Wikipedians, through open collaboration and using a wiki-based editing system called MediaWiki. Wikipedia is the largest and most-read reference work in history.
This notebook shows how to retrieve wiki pages from wikipedia.org into the Document format that is used downstream.
Installation#
First, you need to install wikipedia python package.
#!pip install wikipedia
WikipediaRetriever has these arguments:
optional lang: default=”en”. Use it to search in a specific language part of Wikipedia
optional load_max_docs: default=100. Use it to limit number of downloaded documents. It takes time to download all 100 documents, so use a small number for experiments. There is a hard limit of 300 for now.
optional load_all_available_meta: default=False. By default only the most important fields downloaded: Published (date when document was published/last updated), title, Summary. If True, other fields also downloaded.
get_relevant_documents() has one argument, query: free text which used to find documents in Wikipedia
Examples#
Running retriever#
from langchain.retrievers import WikipediaRetriever
retriever = WikipediaRetriever()
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents(query='HUNTER X HUNTER')
docs[0].metadata # meta-information of the Document
{'title': 'Hunter × Hunter',
'summary': 'Hunter × Hunter (stylized as HUNTER×HUNTER and pronounced "hunter hunter") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yoshihiro Togashi. It has been serialized in Shueisha\'s shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump since March 1998, although the manga has frequently gone on extended hiatuses since 2006. Its chapters have been collected in 37 tankōbon volumes as of November 2022. The story focuses on a young boy named Gon Freecss who discovers that his father, who left him at a young age, is actually a world-renowned Hunter, a licensed professional who specializes in fantastical pursuits such as locating rare or unidentified animal species, treasure hunting, surveying unexplored enclaves, or hunting down lawless individuals. Gon departs on a journey to become a Hunter and eventually find his father. Along the way, Gon meets various other Hunters and encounters the paranormal.\nHunter × Hunter was adapted into a 62-episode anime television series produced by Nippon Animation and directed by Kazuhiro Furuhashi, which ran on Fuji Television from October 1999 to March 2001. Three separate original video animations (OVAs) totaling 30 episodes were subsequently produced by Nippon Animation and released in Japan from 2002 to 2004. A second anime television series by Madhouse aired on Nippon Television from October 2011 to September 2014, totaling 148 episodes, with two animated theatrical films released in 2013. There are also numerous audio albums, video games, musicals, and other media based on Hunter × Hunter.\nThe manga has been translated into English and released in North America by Viz Media since April 2005. Both television series have been also licensed by Viz Media, with the first series having aired on the Funimation Channel in 2009 and the second series broadcast on Adult Swim\'s Toonami programming block from April 2016 to June 2019.\nHunter × Hunter has been a huge critical and financial success and has become one of the best-selling manga series of all time, having over 84 million copies in circulation by July 2022.\n\n'}
docs[0].page_content[:400] # a content of the Document
'Hunter × Hunter (stylized as HUNTER×HUNTER and pronounced "hunter hunter") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yoshihiro Togashi. It has been serialized in Shueisha\'s shōnen manga magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump since March 1998, although the manga has frequently gone on extended hiatuses since 2006. Its chapters have been collected in 37 tankōbon volumes as of November 2022. The sto'
Question Answering on facts#
# get a token: https://platform.openai.com/account/api-keys
from getpass import getpass
OPENAI_API_KEY = getpass()
········
import os
os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = OPENAI_API_KEY
from langchain.chat_models import ChatOpenAI
from langchain.chains import ConversationalRetrievalChain | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/wikipedia.html |
969d44ef95a6-1 | from langchain.chains import ConversationalRetrievalChain
model = ChatOpenAI(model_name='gpt-3.5-turbo') # switch to 'gpt-4'
qa = ConversationalRetrievalChain.from_llm(model,retriever=retriever)
questions = [
"What is Apify?",
"When the Monument to the Martyrs of the 1830 Revolution was created?",
"What is the Abhayagiri Vihāra?",
# "How big is Wikipédia en français?",
]
chat_history = []
for question in questions:
result = qa({"question": question, "chat_history": chat_history})
chat_history.append((question, result['answer']))
print(f"-> **Question**: {question} \n")
print(f"**Answer**: {result['answer']} \n")
-> **Question**: What is Apify?
**Answer**: Apify is a platform that allows you to easily automate web scraping, data extraction and web automation. It provides a cloud-based infrastructure for running web crawlers and other automation tasks, as well as a web-based tool for building and managing your crawlers. Additionally, Apify offers a marketplace for buying and selling pre-built crawlers and related services.
-> **Question**: When the Monument to the Martyrs of the 1830 Revolution was created?
**Answer**: Apify is a web scraping and automation platform that enables you to extract data from websites, turn unstructured data into structured data, and automate repetitive tasks. It provides a user-friendly interface for creating web scraping scripts without any coding knowledge. Apify can be used for various web scraping tasks such as data extraction, web monitoring, content aggregation, and much more. Additionally, it offers various features such as proxy support, scheduling, and integration with other tools to make web scraping and automation tasks easier and more efficient.
-> **Question**: What is the Abhayagiri Vihāra?
**Answer**: Abhayagiri Vihāra was a major monastery site of Theravada Buddhism that was located in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It was founded in the 2nd century BCE and is considered to be one of the most important monastic complexes in Sri Lanka.
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Self-querying with Weaviate
next
Zep
Contents
Installation
Examples
Running retriever
Question Answering on facts
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/wikipedia.html |
4cbc97f54dcb-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
ChatGPT Plugin
Contents
Using the ChatGPT Retriever Plugin
ChatGPT Plugin#
OpenAI plugins connect ChatGPT to third-party applications. These plugins enable ChatGPT to interact with APIs defined by developers, enhancing ChatGPT’s capabilities and allowing it to perform a wide range of actions.
Plugins can allow ChatGPT to do things like:
Retrieve real-time information; e.g., sports scores, stock prices, the latest news, etc.
Retrieve knowledge-base information; e.g., company docs, personal notes, etc.
Perform actions on behalf of the user; e.g., booking a flight, ordering food, etc.
This notebook shows how to use the ChatGPT Retriever Plugin within LangChain.
# STEP 1: Load
# Load documents using LangChain's DocumentLoaders
# This is from https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/document_loaders/examples/csv.html
from langchain.document_loaders.csv_loader import CSVLoader
loader = CSVLoader(file_path='../../document_loaders/examples/example_data/mlb_teams_2012.csv')
data = loader.load()
# STEP 2: Convert
# Convert Document to format expected by https://github.com/openai/chatgpt-retrieval-plugin
from typing import List
from langchain.docstore.document import Document
import json
def write_json(path: str, documents: List[Document])-> None:
results = [{"text": doc.page_content} for doc in documents]
with open(path, "w") as f:
json.dump(results, f, indent=2)
write_json("foo.json", data)
# STEP 3: Use
# Ingest this as you would any other json file in https://github.com/openai/chatgpt-retrieval-plugin/tree/main/scripts/process_json
Using the ChatGPT Retriever Plugin#
Okay, so we’ve created the ChatGPT Retriever Plugin, but how do we actually use it?
The below code walks through how to do that.
We want to use ChatGPTPluginRetriever so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
import os
import getpass
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
from langchain.retrievers import ChatGPTPluginRetriever
retriever = ChatGPTPluginRetriever(url="http://0.0.0.0:8000", bearer_token="foo")
retriever.get_relevant_documents("alice's phone number")
[Document(page_content="This is Alice's phone number: 123-456-7890", lookup_str='', metadata={'id': '456_0', 'metadata': {'source': 'email', 'source_id': '567', 'url': None, 'created_at': '1609592400.0', 'author': 'Alice', 'document_id': '456'}, 'embedding': None, 'score': 0.925571561}, lookup_index=0),
Document(page_content='This is a document about something', lookup_str='', metadata={'id': '123_0', 'metadata': {'source': 'file', 'source_id': 'https://example.com/doc1', 'url': 'https://example.com/doc1', 'created_at': '1609502400.0', 'author': 'Alice', 'document_id': '123'}, 'embedding': None, 'score': 0.6987589}, lookup_index=0),
Document(page_content='Team: Angels "Payroll (millions)": 154.49 "Wins": 89', lookup_str='', metadata={'id': '59c2c0c1-ae3f-4272-a1da-f44a723ea631_0', 'metadata': {'source': None, 'source_id': None, 'url': None, 'created_at': None, 'author': None, 'document_id': '59c2c0c1-ae3f-4272-a1da-f44a723ea631'}, 'embedding': None, 'score': 0.697888613}, lookup_index=0)]
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Azure Cognitive Search
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Self-querying with Chroma
Contents
Using the ChatGPT Retriever Plugin
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/chatgpt-plugin.html |
3f4073807186-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Time Weighted VectorStore
Contents
Low Decay Rate
High Decay Rate
Virtual Time
Time Weighted VectorStore#
This retriever uses a combination of semantic similarity and a time decay.
The algorithm for scoring them is:
semantic_similarity + (1.0 - decay_rate) ** hours_passed
Notably, hours_passed refers to the hours passed since the object in the retriever was last accessed, not since it was created. This means that frequently accessed objects remain “fresh.”
import faiss
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from langchain.docstore import InMemoryDocstore
from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.retrievers import TimeWeightedVectorStoreRetriever
from langchain.schema import Document
from langchain.vectorstores import FAISS
Low Decay Rate#
A low decay rate (in this, to be extreme, we will set close to 0) means memories will be “remembered” for longer. A decay rate of 0 means memories never be forgotten, making this retriever equivalent to the vector lookup.
# Define your embedding model
embeddings_model = OpenAIEmbeddings()
# Initialize the vectorstore as empty
embedding_size = 1536
index = faiss.IndexFlatL2(embedding_size)
vectorstore = FAISS(embeddings_model.embed_query, index, InMemoryDocstore({}), {})
retriever = TimeWeightedVectorStoreRetriever(vectorstore=vectorstore, decay_rate=.0000000000000000000000001, k=1)
yesterday = datetime.now() - timedelta(days=1)
retriever.add_documents([Document(page_content="hello world", metadata={"last_accessed_at": yesterday})])
retriever.add_documents([Document(page_content="hello foo")])
['d7f85756-2371-4bdf-9140-052780a0f9b3']
# "Hello World" is returned first because it is most salient, and the decay rate is close to 0., meaning it's still recent enough
retriever.get_relevant_documents("hello world")
[Document(page_content='hello world', metadata={'last_accessed_at': datetime.datetime(2023, 5, 13, 21, 0, 27, 678341), 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2023, 5, 13, 21, 0, 27, 279596), 'buffer_idx': 0})]
High Decay Rate#
With a high decay rate (e.g., several 9’s), the recency score quickly goes to 0! If you set this all the way to 1, recency is 0 for all objects, once again making this equivalent to a vector lookup.
# Define your embedding model
embeddings_model = OpenAIEmbeddings()
# Initialize the vectorstore as empty
embedding_size = 1536
index = faiss.IndexFlatL2(embedding_size)
vectorstore = FAISS(embeddings_model.embed_query, index, InMemoryDocstore({}), {})
retriever = TimeWeightedVectorStoreRetriever(vectorstore=vectorstore, decay_rate=.999, k=1)
yesterday = datetime.now() - timedelta(days=1)
retriever.add_documents([Document(page_content="hello world", metadata={"last_accessed_at": yesterday})])
retriever.add_documents([Document(page_content="hello foo")])
['40011466-5bbe-4101-bfd1-e22e7f505de2']
# "Hello Foo" is returned first because "hello world" is mostly forgotten
retriever.get_relevant_documents("hello world")
[Document(page_content='hello foo', metadata={'last_accessed_at': datetime.datetime(2023, 4, 16, 22, 9, 2, 494798), 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2023, 4, 16, 22, 9, 2, 178722), 'buffer_idx': 1})]
Virtual Time#
Using some utils in LangChain, you can mock out the time component
from langchain.utils import mock_now
import datetime
# Notice the last access time is that date time
with mock_now(datetime.datetime(2011, 2, 3, 10, 11)):
print(retriever.get_relevant_documents("hello world")) | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/time_weighted_vectorstore.html |
3f4073807186-1 | print(retriever.get_relevant_documents("hello world"))
[Document(page_content='hello world', metadata={'last_accessed_at': MockDateTime(2011, 2, 3, 10, 11), 'created_at': datetime.datetime(2023, 5, 13, 21, 0, 27, 279596), 'buffer_idx': 0})]
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TF-IDF
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VectorStore
Contents
Low Decay Rate
High Decay Rate
Virtual Time
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/time_weighted_vectorstore.html |
88ecfcddccd5-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Weaviate Hybrid Search
Weaviate Hybrid Search#
Weaviate is an open source vector database.
Hybrid search is a technique that combines multiple search algorithms to improve the accuracy and relevance of search results. It uses the best features of both keyword-based search algorithms with vector search techniques.
The Hybrid search in Weaviate uses sparse and dense vectors to represent the meaning and context of search queries and documents.
This notebook shows how to use Weaviate hybrid search as a LangChain retriever.
Set up the retriever:
#!pip install weaviate-client
import weaviate
import os
WEAVIATE_URL = os.getenv("WEAVIATE_URL")
client = weaviate.Client(
url=WEAVIATE_URL,
auth_client_secret=weaviate.AuthApiKey(api_key=os.getenv("WEAVIATE_API_KEY")),
additional_headers={
"X-Openai-Api-Key": os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"),
},
)
# client.schema.delete_all()
from langchain.retrievers.weaviate_hybrid_search import WeaviateHybridSearchRetriever
from langchain.schema import Document
/workspaces/langchain/langchain/vectorstores/analyticdb.py:20: MovedIn20Warning: The ``declarative_base()`` function is now available as sqlalchemy.orm.declarative_base(). (deprecated since: 2.0) (Background on SQLAlchemy 2.0 at: https://sqlalche.me/e/b8d9)
Base = declarative_base() # type: Any
retriever = WeaviateHybridSearchRetriever(
client, index_name="LangChain", text_key="text"
)
Add some data:
docs = [
Document(
metadata={
"title": "Embracing The Future: AI Unveiled",
"author": "Dr. Rebecca Simmons",
},
page_content="A comprehensive analysis of the evolution of artificial intelligence, from its inception to its future prospects. Dr. Simmons covers ethical considerations, potentials, and threats posed by AI.",
),
Document(
metadata={
"title": "Symbiosis: Harmonizing Humans and AI",
"author": "Prof. Jonathan K. Sterling",
},
page_content="Prof. Sterling explores the potential for harmonious coexistence between humans and artificial intelligence. The book discusses how AI can be integrated into society in a beneficial and non-disruptive manner.",
),
Document(
metadata={"title": "AI: The Ethical Quandary", "author": "Dr. Rebecca Simmons"},
page_content="In her second book, Dr. Simmons delves deeper into the ethical considerations surrounding AI development and deployment. It is an eye-opening examination of the dilemmas faced by developers, policymakers, and society at large.",
),
Document(
metadata={
"title": "Conscious Constructs: The Search for AI Sentience",
"author": "Dr. Samuel Cortez",
},
page_content="Dr. Cortez takes readers on a journey exploring the controversial topic of AI consciousness. The book provides compelling arguments for and against the possibility of true AI sentience.",
),
Document(
metadata={
"title": "Invisible Routines: Hidden AI in Everyday Life",
"author": "Prof. Jonathan K. Sterling",
},
page_content="In his follow-up to 'Symbiosis', Prof. Sterling takes a look at the subtle, unnoticed presence and influence of AI in our everyday lives. It reveals how AI has become woven into our routines, often without our explicit realization.",
),
]
retriever.add_documents(docs)
['eda16d7d-437d-4613-84ae-c2e38705ec7a',
'04b501bf-192b-4e72-be77-2fbbe7e67ebf',
'18a1acdb-23b7-4482-ab04-a6c2ed51de77',
'88e82cc3-c020-4b5a-b3c6-ca7cf3fc6a04',
'f6abd9d5-32ed-46c4-bd08-f8d0f7c9fc95']
Do a hybrid search:
retriever.get_relevant_documents("the ethical implications of AI") | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/weaviate-hybrid.html |
88ecfcddccd5-1 | retriever.get_relevant_documents("the ethical implications of AI")
[Document(page_content='In her second book, Dr. Simmons delves deeper into the ethical considerations surrounding AI development and deployment. It is an eye-opening examination of the dilemmas faced by developers, policymakers, and society at large.', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='A comprehensive analysis of the evolution of artificial intelligence, from its inception to its future prospects. Dr. Simmons covers ethical considerations, potentials, and threats posed by AI.', metadata={}),
Document(page_content="In his follow-up to 'Symbiosis', Prof. Sterling takes a look at the subtle, unnoticed presence and influence of AI in our everyday lives. It reveals how AI has become woven into our routines, often without our explicit realization.", metadata={}),
Document(page_content='Prof. Sterling explores the potential for harmonious coexistence between humans and artificial intelligence. The book discusses how AI can be integrated into society in a beneficial and non-disruptive manner.', metadata={})]
Do a hybrid search with where filter:
retriever.get_relevant_documents(
"AI integration in society",
where_filter={
"path": ["author"],
"operator": "Equal",
"valueString": "Prof. Jonathan K. Sterling",
},
)
[Document(page_content='Prof. Sterling explores the potential for harmonious coexistence between humans and artificial intelligence. The book discusses how AI can be integrated into society in a beneficial and non-disruptive manner.', metadata={}),
Document(page_content="In his follow-up to 'Symbiosis', Prof. Sterling takes a look at the subtle, unnoticed presence and influence of AI in our everyday lives. It reveals how AI has become woven into our routines, often without our explicit realization.", metadata={})]
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Vespa
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Self-querying with Weaviate
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/weaviate-hybrid.html |
e1b8f6bbf8b0-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
SVM
Contents
Create New Retriever with Texts
Use Retriever
SVM#
Support vector machines (SVMs) are a set of supervised learning methods used for classification, regression and outliers detection.
This notebook goes over how to use a retriever that under the hood uses an SVM using scikit-learn package.
Largely based on https://github.com/karpathy/randomfun/blob/master/knn_vs_svm.ipynb
#!pip install scikit-learn
#!pip install lark
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
import os
import getpass
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
from langchain.retrievers import SVMRetriever
from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings
Create New Retriever with Texts#
retriever = SVMRetriever.from_texts(["foo", "bar", "world", "hello", "foo bar"], OpenAIEmbeddings())
Use Retriever#
We can now use the retriever!
result = retriever.get_relevant_documents("foo")
result
[Document(page_content='foo', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='foo bar', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='hello', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='world', metadata={})]
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Self-querying
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TF-IDF
Contents
Create New Retriever with Texts
Use Retriever
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/svm.html |
2f2a65158de4-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Arxiv
Contents
Installation
Examples
Running retriever
Question Answering on facts
Arxiv#
arXiv is an open-access archive for 2 million scholarly articles in the fields of physics, mathematics, computer science, quantitative biology, quantitative finance, statistics, electrical engineering and systems science, and economics.
This notebook shows how to retrieve scientific articles from Arxiv.org into the Document format that is used downstream.
Installation#
First, you need to install arxiv python package.
#!pip install arxiv
ArxivRetriever has these arguments:
optional load_max_docs: default=100. Use it to limit number of downloaded documents. It takes time to download all 100 documents, so use a small number for experiments. There is a hard limit of 300 for now.
optional load_all_available_meta: default=False. By default only the most important fields downloaded: Published (date when document was published/last updated), Title, Authors, Summary. If True, other fields also downloaded.
get_relevant_documents() has one argument, query: free text which used to find documents in Arxiv.org
Examples#
Running retriever#
from langchain.retrievers import ArxivRetriever
retriever = ArxivRetriever(load_max_docs=2)
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents(query='1605.08386')
docs[0].metadata # meta-information of the Document
{'Published': '2016-05-26',
'Title': 'Heat-bath random walks with Markov bases',
'Authors': 'Caprice Stanley, Tobias Windisch',
'Summary': 'Graphs on lattice points are studied whose edges come from a finite set of\nallowed moves of arbitrary length. We show that the diameter of these graphs on\nfibers of a fixed integer matrix can be bounded from above by a constant. We\nthen study the mixing behaviour of heat-bath random walks on these graphs. We\nalso state explicit conditions on the set of moves so that the heat-bath random\nwalk, a generalization of the Glauber dynamics, is an expander in fixed\ndimension.'}
docs[0].page_content[:400] # a content of the Document
'arXiv:1605.08386v1 [math.CO] 26 May 2016\nHEAT-BATH RANDOM WALKS WITH MARKOV BASES\nCAPRICE STANLEY AND TOBIAS WINDISCH\nAbstract. Graphs on lattice points are studied whose edges come from a finite set of\nallowed moves of arbitrary length. We show that the diameter of these graphs on fibers of a\nfixed integer matrix can be bounded from above by a constant. We then study the mixing\nbehaviour of heat-b'
Question Answering on facts#
# get a token: https://platform.openai.com/account/api-keys
from getpass import getpass
OPENAI_API_KEY = getpass()
import os
os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = OPENAI_API_KEY
from langchain.chat_models import ChatOpenAI
from langchain.chains import ConversationalRetrievalChain
model = ChatOpenAI(model_name='gpt-3.5-turbo') # switch to 'gpt-4'
qa = ConversationalRetrievalChain.from_llm(model,retriever=retriever)
questions = [
"What are Heat-bath random walks with Markov base?",
"What is the ImageBind model?",
"How does Compositional Reasoning with Large Language Models works?",
]
chat_history = []
for question in questions:
result = qa({"question": question, "chat_history": chat_history})
chat_history.append((question, result['answer']))
print(f"-> **Question**: {question} \n")
print(f"**Answer**: {result['answer']} \n")
-> **Question**: What are Heat-bath random walks with Markov base?
**Answer**: I'm not sure, as I don't have enough context to provide a definitive answer. The term "Heat-bath random walks with Markov base" is not mentioned in the given text. Could you provide more information or context about where you encountered this term?
-> **Question**: What is the ImageBind model? | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/arxiv.html |
2f2a65158de4-1 | -> **Question**: What is the ImageBind model?
**Answer**: ImageBind is an approach developed by Facebook AI Research to learn a joint embedding across six different modalities, including images, text, audio, depth, thermal, and IMU data. The approach uses the binding property of images to align each modality's embedding to image embeddings and achieve an emergent alignment across all modalities. This enables novel multimodal capabilities, including cross-modal retrieval, embedding-space arithmetic, and audio-to-image generation, among others. The approach sets a new state-of-the-art on emergent zero-shot recognition tasks across modalities, outperforming specialist supervised models. Additionally, it shows strong few-shot recognition results and serves as a new way to evaluate vision models for visual and non-visual tasks.
-> **Question**: How does Compositional Reasoning with Large Language Models works?
**Answer**: Compositional reasoning with large language models refers to the ability of these models to correctly identify and represent complex concepts by breaking them down into smaller, more basic parts and combining them in a structured way. This involves understanding the syntax and semantics of language and using that understanding to build up more complex meanings from simpler ones.
In the context of the paper "Does CLIP Bind Concepts? Probing Compositionality in Large Image Models", the authors focus specifically on the ability of a large pretrained vision and language model (CLIP) to encode compositional concepts and to bind variables in a structure-sensitive way. They examine CLIP's ability to compose concepts in a single-object setting, as well as in situations where concept binding is needed.
The authors situate their work within the tradition of research on compositional distributional semantics models (CDSMs), which seek to bridge the gap between distributional models and formal semantics by building architectures which operate over vectors yet still obey traditional theories of linguistic composition. They compare the performance of CLIP with several architectures from research on CDSMs to evaluate its ability to encode and reason about compositional concepts.
questions = [
"What are Heat-bath random walks with Markov base? Include references to answer.",
]
chat_history = []
for question in questions:
result = qa({"question": question, "chat_history": chat_history})
chat_history.append((question, result['answer']))
print(f"-> **Question**: {question} \n")
print(f"**Answer**: {result['answer']} \n")
-> **Question**: What are Heat-bath random walks with Markov base? Include references to answer.
**Answer**: Heat-bath random walks with Markov base (HB-MB) is a class of stochastic processes that have been studied in the field of statistical mechanics and condensed matter physics. In these processes, a particle moves in a lattice by making a transition to a neighboring site, which is chosen according to a probability distribution that depends on the energy of the particle and the energy of its surroundings.
The HB-MB process was introduced by Bortz, Kalos, and Lebowitz in 1975 as a way to simulate the dynamics of interacting particles in a lattice at thermal equilibrium. The method has been used to study a variety of physical phenomena, including phase transitions, critical behavior, and transport properties.
References:
Bortz, A. B., Kalos, M. H., & Lebowitz, J. L. (1975). A new algorithm for Monte Carlo simulation of Ising spin systems. Journal of Computational Physics, 17(1), 10-18.
Binder, K., & Heermann, D. W. (2010). Monte Carlo simulation in statistical physics: an introduction. Springer Science & Business Media.
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Retrievers
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Azure Cognitive Search
Contents
Installation
Examples
Running retriever
Question Answering on facts
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/arxiv.html |
506c6a59f04b-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Self-querying with Qdrant
Contents
Creating a Qdrant vectorstore
Creating our self-querying retriever
Testing it out
Filter k
Self-querying with Qdrant#
Qdrant (read: quadrant ) is a vector similarity search engine. It provides a production-ready service with a convenient API to store, search, and manage points - vectors with an additional payload. Qdrant is tailored to extended filtering support. It makes it useful
In the notebook we’ll demo the SelfQueryRetriever wrapped around a Qdrant vector store.
Creating a Qdrant vectorstore#
First we’ll want to create a Chroma VectorStore and seed it with some data. We’ve created a small demo set of documents that contain summaries of movies.
NOTE: The self-query retriever requires you to have lark installed (pip install lark). We also need the qdrant-client package.
#!pip install lark qdrant-client
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
# import os
# import getpass
# os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
from langchain.schema import Document
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.vectorstores import Qdrant
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
docs = [
Document(page_content="A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose", metadata={"year": 1993, "rating": 7.7, "genre": "science fiction"}),
Document(page_content="Leo DiCaprio gets lost in a dream within a dream within a dream within a ...", metadata={"year": 2010, "director": "Christopher Nolan", "rating": 8.2}),
Document(page_content="A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea", metadata={"year": 2006, "director": "Satoshi Kon", "rating": 8.6}),
Document(page_content="A bunch of normal-sized women are supremely wholesome and some men pine after them", metadata={"year": 2019, "director": "Greta Gerwig", "rating": 8.3}),
Document(page_content="Toys come alive and have a blast doing so", metadata={"year": 1995, "genre": "animated"}),
Document(page_content="Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone", metadata={"year": 1979, "rating": 9.9, "director": "Andrei Tarkovsky", "genre": "science fiction", "rating": 9.9})
]
vectorstore = Qdrant.from_documents(
docs,
embeddings,
location=":memory:", # Local mode with in-memory storage only
collection_name="my_documents",
)
Creating our self-querying retriever#
Now we can instantiate our retriever. To do this we’ll need to provide some information upfront about the metadata fields that our documents support and a short description of the document contents.
from langchain.llms import OpenAI
from langchain.retrievers.self_query.base import SelfQueryRetriever
from langchain.chains.query_constructor.base import AttributeInfo
metadata_field_info=[
AttributeInfo(
name="genre",
description="The genre of the movie",
type="string or list[string]",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="year",
description="The year the movie was released",
type="integer",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="director",
description="The name of the movie director",
type="string",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="rating",
description="A 1-10 rating for the movie",
type="float"
),
]
document_content_description = "Brief summary of a movie"
llm = OpenAI(temperature=0)
retriever = SelfQueryRetriever.from_llm(llm, vectorstore, document_content_description, metadata_field_info, verbose=True)
Testing it out#
And now we can try actually using our retriever!
# This example only specifies a relevant query
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What are some movies about dinosaurs")
query='dinosaur' filter=None limit=None | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/qdrant_self_query.html |
506c6a59f04b-1 | query='dinosaur' filter=None limit=None
[Document(page_content='A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose', metadata={'year': 1993, 'rating': 7.7, 'genre': 'science fiction'}),
Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'year': 1995, 'genre': 'animated'}),
Document(page_content='Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone', metadata={'year': 1979, 'rating': 9.9, 'director': 'Andrei Tarkovsky', 'genre': 'science fiction'}),
Document(page_content='A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea', metadata={'year': 2006, 'director': 'Satoshi Kon', 'rating': 8.6})]
# This example only specifies a filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("I want to watch a movie rated higher than 8.5")
query=' ' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.GT: 'gt'>, attribute='rating', value=8.5) limit=None
[Document(page_content='Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone', metadata={'year': 1979, 'rating': 9.9, 'director': 'Andrei Tarkovsky', 'genre': 'science fiction'}),
Document(page_content='A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea', metadata={'year': 2006, 'director': 'Satoshi Kon', 'rating': 8.6})]
# This example specifies a query and a filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("Has Greta Gerwig directed any movies about women")
query='women' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='director', value='Greta Gerwig') limit=None
[Document(page_content='A bunch of normal-sized women are supremely wholesome and some men pine after them', metadata={'year': 2019, 'director': 'Greta Gerwig', 'rating': 8.3})]
# This example specifies a composite filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What's a highly rated (above 8.5) science fiction film?")
query=' ' filter=Operation(operator=<Operator.AND: 'and'>, arguments=[Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.GT: 'gt'>, attribute='rating', value=8.5), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='genre', value='science fiction')]) limit=None
[Document(page_content='Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone', metadata={'year': 1979, 'rating': 9.9, 'director': 'Andrei Tarkovsky', 'genre': 'science fiction'})]
# This example specifies a query and composite filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What's a movie after 1990 but before 2005 that's all about toys, and preferably is animated")
query='toys' filter=Operation(operator=<Operator.AND: 'and'>, arguments=[Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.GT: 'gt'>, attribute='year', value=1990), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.LT: 'lt'>, attribute='year', value=2005), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='genre', value='animated')]) limit=None
[Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'year': 1995, 'genre': 'animated'})]
Filter k#
We can also use the self query retriever to specify k: the number of documents to fetch.
We can do this by passing enable_limit=True to the constructor.
retriever = SelfQueryRetriever.from_llm(
llm,
vectorstore,
document_content_description,
metadata_field_info,
enable_limit=True,
verbose=True
)
# This example only specifies a relevant query
retriever.get_relevant_documents("what are two movies about dinosaurs")
query='dinosaur' filter=None limit=2
[Document(page_content='A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose', metadata={'year': 1993, 'rating': 7.7, 'genre': 'science fiction'}),
Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'year': 1995, 'genre': 'animated'})]
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PubMed Retriever
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Self-querying | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/qdrant_self_query.html |
506c6a59f04b-2 | previous
PubMed Retriever
next
Self-querying
Contents
Creating a Qdrant vectorstore
Creating our self-querying retriever
Testing it out
Filter k
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/qdrant_self_query.html |
0a1209deab2b-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Pinecone Hybrid Search
Contents
Setup Pinecone
Get embeddings and sparse encoders
Load Retriever
Add texts (if necessary)
Use Retriever
Pinecone Hybrid Search#
Pinecone is a vector database with broad functionality.
This notebook goes over how to use a retriever that under the hood uses Pinecone and Hybrid Search.
The logic of this retriever is taken from this documentaion
To use Pinecone, you must have an API key and an Environment.
Here are the installation instructions.
#!pip install pinecone-client pinecone-text
import os
import getpass
os.environ['PINECONE_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('Pinecone API Key:')
from langchain.retrievers import PineconeHybridSearchRetriever
os.environ['PINECONE_ENVIRONMENT'] = getpass.getpass('Pinecone Environment:')
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
Setup Pinecone#
You should only have to do this part once.
Note: it’s important to make sure that the “context” field that holds the document text in the metadata is not indexed. Currently you need to specify explicitly the fields you do want to index. For more information checkout Pinecone’s docs.
import os
import pinecone
api_key = os.getenv("PINECONE_API_KEY") or "PINECONE_API_KEY"
# find environment next to your API key in the Pinecone console
env = os.getenv("PINECONE_ENVIRONMENT") or "PINECONE_ENVIRONMENT"
index_name = "langchain-pinecone-hybrid-search"
pinecone.init(api_key=api_key, enviroment=env)
pinecone.whoami()
WhoAmIResponse(username='load', user_label='label', projectname='load-test')
# create the index
pinecone.create_index(
name = index_name,
dimension = 1536, # dimensionality of dense model
metric = "dotproduct", # sparse values supported only for dotproduct
pod_type = "s1",
metadata_config={"indexed": []} # see explaination above
)
Now that its created, we can use it
index = pinecone.Index(index_name)
Get embeddings and sparse encoders#
Embeddings are used for the dense vectors, tokenizer is used for the sparse vector
from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
To encode the text to sparse values you can either choose SPLADE or BM25. For out of domain tasks we recommend using BM25.
For more information about the sparse encoders you can checkout pinecone-text library docs.
from pinecone_text.sparse import BM25Encoder
# or from pinecone_text.sparse import SpladeEncoder if you wish to work with SPLADE
# use default tf-idf values
bm25_encoder = BM25Encoder().default()
The above code is using default tfids values. It’s highly recommended to fit the tf-idf values to your own corpus. You can do it as follow:
corpus = ["foo", "bar", "world", "hello"]
# fit tf-idf values on your corpus
bm25_encoder.fit(corpus)
# store the values to a json file
bm25_encoder.dump("bm25_values.json")
# load to your BM25Encoder object
bm25_encoder = BM25Encoder().load("bm25_values.json")
Load Retriever#
We can now construct the retriever!
retriever = PineconeHybridSearchRetriever(embeddings=embeddings, sparse_encoder=bm25_encoder, index=index)
Add texts (if necessary)#
We can optionally add texts to the retriever (if they aren’t already in there)
retriever.add_texts(["foo", "bar", "world", "hello"])
100%|██████████| 1/1 [00:02<00:00, 2.27s/it]
Use Retriever#
We can now use the retriever!
result = retriever.get_relevant_documents("foo")
result[0]
Document(page_content='foo', metadata={})
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Metal
next
PubMed Retriever
Contents
Setup Pinecone
Get embeddings and sparse encoders
Load Retriever
Add texts (if necessary)
Use Retriever
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/pinecone_hybrid_search.html |
0a1209deab2b-1 | By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/pinecone_hybrid_search.html |
ca67590cf6d4-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Self-querying
Contents
Creating a Pinecone index
Creating our self-querying retriever
Testing it out
Filter k
Self-querying#
In the notebook we’ll demo the SelfQueryRetriever, which, as the name suggests, has the ability to query itself. Specifically, given any natural language query, the retriever uses a query-constructing LLM chain to write a structured query and then applies that structured query to it’s underlying VectorStore. This allows the retriever to not only use the user-input query for semantic similarity comparison with the contents of stored documented, but to also extract filters from the user query on the metadata of stored documents and to execute those filters.
Creating a Pinecone index#
First we’ll want to create a Pinecone VectorStore and seed it with some data. We’ve created a small demo set of documents that contain summaries of movies.
To use Pinecone, you to have pinecone package installed and you must have an API key and an Environment. Here are the installation instructions.
NOTE: The self-query retriever requires you to have lark package installed.
# !pip install lark
#!pip install pinecone-client
import os
import pinecone
pinecone.init(api_key=os.environ["PINECONE_API_KEY"], environment=os.environ["PINECONE_ENV"])
/Users/harrisonchase/.pyenv/versions/3.9.1/envs/langchain/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pinecone/index.py:4: TqdmExperimentalWarning: Using `tqdm.autonotebook.tqdm` in notebook mode. Use `tqdm.tqdm` instead to force console mode (e.g. in jupyter console)
from tqdm.autonotebook import tqdm
from langchain.schema import Document
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.vectorstores import Pinecone
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
# create new index
pinecone.create_index("langchain-self-retriever-demo", dimension=1536)
docs = [
Document(page_content="A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose", metadata={"year": 1993, "rating": 7.7, "genre": ["action", "science fiction"]}),
Document(page_content="Leo DiCaprio gets lost in a dream within a dream within a dream within a ...", metadata={"year": 2010, "director": "Christopher Nolan", "rating": 8.2}),
Document(page_content="A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea", metadata={"year": 2006, "director": "Satoshi Kon", "rating": 8.6}),
Document(page_content="A bunch of normal-sized women are supremely wholesome and some men pine after them", metadata={"year": 2019, "director": "Greta Gerwig", "rating": 8.3}),
Document(page_content="Toys come alive and have a blast doing so", metadata={"year": 1995, "genre": "animated"}),
Document(page_content="Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone", metadata={"year": 1979, "rating": 9.9, "director": "Andrei Tarkovsky", "genre": ["science fiction", "thriller"], "rating": 9.9})
]
vectorstore = Pinecone.from_documents(
docs, embeddings, index_name="langchain-self-retriever-demo"
)
Creating our self-querying retriever#
Now we can instantiate our retriever. To do this we’ll need to provide some information upfront about the metadata fields that our documents support and a short description of the document contents.
from langchain.llms import OpenAI
from langchain.retrievers.self_query.base import SelfQueryRetriever
from langchain.chains.query_constructor.base import AttributeInfo
metadata_field_info=[
AttributeInfo(
name="genre",
description="The genre of the movie",
type="string or list[string]",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="year",
description="The year the movie was released",
type="integer",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="director",
description="The name of the movie director",
type="string",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="rating",
description="A 1-10 rating for the movie",
type="float"
),
] | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/self_query.html |
ca67590cf6d4-1 | type="float"
),
]
document_content_description = "Brief summary of a movie"
llm = OpenAI(temperature=0)
retriever = SelfQueryRetriever.from_llm(llm, vectorstore, document_content_description, metadata_field_info, verbose=True)
Testing it out#
And now we can try actually using our retriever!
# This example only specifies a relevant query
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What are some movies about dinosaurs")
query='dinosaur' filter=None
[Document(page_content='A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose', metadata={'genre': ['action', 'science fiction'], 'rating': 7.7, 'year': 1993.0}),
Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'genre': 'animated', 'year': 1995.0}),
Document(page_content='A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea', metadata={'director': 'Satoshi Kon', 'rating': 8.6, 'year': 2006.0}),
Document(page_content='Leo DiCaprio gets lost in a dream within a dream within a dream within a ...', metadata={'director': 'Christopher Nolan', 'rating': 8.2, 'year': 2010.0})]
# This example only specifies a filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("I want to watch a movie rated higher than 8.5")
query=' ' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.GT: 'gt'>, attribute='rating', value=8.5)
[Document(page_content='A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea', metadata={'director': 'Satoshi Kon', 'rating': 8.6, 'year': 2006.0}),
Document(page_content='Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone', metadata={'director': 'Andrei Tarkovsky', 'genre': ['science fiction', 'thriller'], 'rating': 9.9, 'year': 1979.0})]
# This example specifies a query and a filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("Has Greta Gerwig directed any movies about women")
query='women' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='director', value='Greta Gerwig')
[Document(page_content='A bunch of normal-sized women are supremely wholesome and some men pine after them', metadata={'director': 'Greta Gerwig', 'rating': 8.3, 'year': 2019.0})]
# This example specifies a composite filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What's a highly rated (above 8.5) science fiction film?")
query=' ' filter=Operation(operator=<Operator.AND: 'and'>, arguments=[Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='genre', value='science fiction'), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.GT: 'gt'>, attribute='rating', value=8.5)])
[Document(page_content='Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone', metadata={'director': 'Andrei Tarkovsky', 'genre': ['science fiction', 'thriller'], 'rating': 9.9, 'year': 1979.0})]
# This example specifies a query and composite filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What's a movie after 1990 but before 2005 that's all about toys, and preferably is animated")
query='toys' filter=Operation(operator=<Operator.AND: 'and'>, arguments=[Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.GT: 'gt'>, attribute='year', value=1990.0), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.LT: 'lt'>, attribute='year', value=2005.0), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='genre', value='animated')])
[Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'genre': 'animated', 'year': 1995.0})]
Filter k#
We can also use the self query retriever to specify k: the number of documents to fetch.
We can do this by passing enable_limit=True to the constructor.
retriever = SelfQueryRetriever.from_llm(
llm,
vectorstore,
document_content_description,
metadata_field_info,
enable_limit=True,
verbose=True
) | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/self_query.html |
ca67590cf6d4-2 | metadata_field_info,
enable_limit=True,
verbose=True
)
# This example only specifies a relevant query
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What are two movies about dinosaurs")
previous
Self-querying with Qdrant
next
SVM
Contents
Creating a Pinecone index
Creating our self-querying retriever
Testing it out
Filter k
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/self_query.html |
4d3f43d11cdb-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Self-querying with Chroma
Contents
Creating a Chroma vectorstore
Creating our self-querying retriever
Testing it out
Filter k
Self-querying with Chroma#
Chroma is a database for building AI applications with embeddings.
In the notebook we’ll demo the SelfQueryRetriever wrapped around a Chroma vector store.
Creating a Chroma vectorstore#
First we’ll want to create a Chroma VectorStore and seed it with some data. We’ve created a small demo set of documents that contain summaries of movies.
NOTE: The self-query retriever requires you to have lark installed (pip install lark). We also need the chromadb package.
#!pip install lark
#!pip install chromadb
We want to use OpenAIEmbeddings so we have to get the OpenAI API Key.
import os
import getpass
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
from langchain.schema import Document
from langchain.embeddings.openai import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.vectorstores import Chroma
embeddings = OpenAIEmbeddings()
docs = [
Document(page_content="A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose", metadata={"year": 1993, "rating": 7.7, "genre": "science fiction"}),
Document(page_content="Leo DiCaprio gets lost in a dream within a dream within a dream within a ...", metadata={"year": 2010, "director": "Christopher Nolan", "rating": 8.2}),
Document(page_content="A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea", metadata={"year": 2006, "director": "Satoshi Kon", "rating": 8.6}),
Document(page_content="A bunch of normal-sized women are supremely wholesome and some men pine after them", metadata={"year": 2019, "director": "Greta Gerwig", "rating": 8.3}),
Document(page_content="Toys come alive and have a blast doing so", metadata={"year": 1995, "genre": "animated"}),
Document(page_content="Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone", metadata={"year": 1979, "rating": 9.9, "director": "Andrei Tarkovsky", "genre": "science fiction", "rating": 9.9})
]
vectorstore = Chroma.from_documents(
docs, embeddings
)
Using embedded DuckDB without persistence: data will be transient
Creating our self-querying retriever#
Now we can instantiate our retriever. To do this we’ll need to provide some information upfront about the metadata fields that our documents support and a short description of the document contents.
from langchain.llms import OpenAI
from langchain.retrievers.self_query.base import SelfQueryRetriever
from langchain.chains.query_constructor.base import AttributeInfo
metadata_field_info=[
AttributeInfo(
name="genre",
description="The genre of the movie",
type="string or list[string]",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="year",
description="The year the movie was released",
type="integer",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="director",
description="The name of the movie director",
type="string",
),
AttributeInfo(
name="rating",
description="A 1-10 rating for the movie",
type="float"
),
]
document_content_description = "Brief summary of a movie"
llm = OpenAI(temperature=0)
retriever = SelfQueryRetriever.from_llm(llm, vectorstore, document_content_description, metadata_field_info, verbose=True)
Testing it out#
And now we can try actually using our retriever!
# This example only specifies a relevant query
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What are some movies about dinosaurs")
query='dinosaur' filter=None
[Document(page_content='A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose', metadata={'year': 1993, 'rating': 7.7, 'genre': 'science fiction'}),
Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'year': 1995, 'genre': 'animated'}), | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/chroma_self_query.html |
4d3f43d11cdb-1 | Document(page_content='A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea', metadata={'year': 2006, 'director': 'Satoshi Kon', 'rating': 8.6}),
Document(page_content='Leo DiCaprio gets lost in a dream within a dream within a dream within a ...', metadata={'year': 2010, 'director': 'Christopher Nolan', 'rating': 8.2})]
# This example only specifies a filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("I want to watch a movie rated higher than 8.5")
query=' ' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.GT: 'gt'>, attribute='rating', value=8.5)
[Document(page_content='A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea', metadata={'year': 2006, 'director': 'Satoshi Kon', 'rating': 8.6}),
Document(page_content='Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone', metadata={'year': 1979, 'rating': 9.9, 'director': 'Andrei Tarkovsky', 'genre': 'science fiction'})]
# This example specifies a query and a filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("Has Greta Gerwig directed any movies about women")
query='women' filter=Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='director', value='Greta Gerwig')
[Document(page_content='A bunch of normal-sized women are supremely wholesome and some men pine after them', metadata={'year': 2019, 'director': 'Greta Gerwig', 'rating': 8.3})]
# This example specifies a composite filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What's a highly rated (above 8.5) science fiction film?")
query=' ' filter=Operation(operator=<Operator.AND: 'and'>, arguments=[Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='genre', value='science fiction'), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.GT: 'gt'>, attribute='rating', value=8.5)])
[Document(page_content='Three men walk into the Zone, three men walk out of the Zone', metadata={'year': 1979, 'rating': 9.9, 'director': 'Andrei Tarkovsky', 'genre': 'science fiction'})]
# This example specifies a query and composite filter
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What's a movie after 1990 but before 2005 that's all about toys, and preferably is animated")
query='toys' filter=Operation(operator=<Operator.AND: 'and'>, arguments=[Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.GT: 'gt'>, attribute='year', value=1990), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.LT: 'lt'>, attribute='year', value=2005), Comparison(comparator=<Comparator.EQ: 'eq'>, attribute='genre', value='animated')])
[Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'year': 1995, 'genre': 'animated'})]
Filter k#
We can also use the self query retriever to specify k: the number of documents to fetch.
We can do this by passing enable_limit=True to the constructor.
retriever = SelfQueryRetriever.from_llm(
llm,
vectorstore,
document_content_description,
metadata_field_info,
enable_limit=True,
verbose=True
)
# This example only specifies a relevant query
retriever.get_relevant_documents("what are two movies about dinosaurs")
query='dinosaur' filter=None
[Document(page_content='A bunch of scientists bring back dinosaurs and mayhem breaks loose', metadata={'year': 1993, 'rating': 7.7, 'genre': 'science fiction'}),
Document(page_content='Toys come alive and have a blast doing so', metadata={'year': 1995, 'genre': 'animated'}),
Document(page_content='A psychologist / detective gets lost in a series of dreams within dreams within dreams and Inception reused the idea', metadata={'year': 2006, 'director': 'Satoshi Kon', 'rating': 8.6}),
Document(page_content='Leo DiCaprio gets lost in a dream within a dream within a dream within a ...', metadata={'year': 2010, 'director': 'Christopher Nolan', 'rating': 8.2})]
previous
ChatGPT Plugin
next
Cohere Reranker | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/chroma_self_query.html |
4d3f43d11cdb-2 | previous
ChatGPT Plugin
next
Cohere Reranker
Contents
Creating a Chroma vectorstore
Creating our self-querying retriever
Testing it out
Filter k
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/chroma_self_query.html |
2fe231df2319-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
kNN
Contents
Create New Retriever with Texts
Use Retriever
kNN#
In statistics, the k-nearest neighbors algorithm (k-NN) is a non-parametric supervised learning method first developed by Evelyn Fix and Joseph Hodges in 1951, and later expanded by Thomas Cover. It is used for classification and regression.
This notebook goes over how to use a retriever that under the hood uses an kNN.
Largely based on https://github.com/karpathy/randomfun/blob/master/knn_vs_svm.ipynb
from langchain.retrievers import KNNRetriever
from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings
Create New Retriever with Texts#
retriever = KNNRetriever.from_texts(["foo", "bar", "world", "hello", "foo bar"], OpenAIEmbeddings())
Use Retriever#
We can now use the retriever!
result = retriever.get_relevant_documents("foo")
result
[Document(page_content='foo', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='foo bar', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='hello', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='bar', metadata={})]
previous
ElasticSearch BM25
next
Metal
Contents
Create New Retriever with Texts
Use Retriever
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/knn.html |
4622b6704dbb-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
PubMed Retriever
PubMed Retriever#
This notebook goes over how to use PubMed as a retriever
PubMed® comprises more than 35 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
from langchain.retrievers import PubMedRetriever
retriever = PubMedRetriever()
retriever.get_relevant_documents("chatgpt")
[Document(page_content='', metadata={'uid': '37268021', 'title': 'Dermatology in the wake of an AI revolution: who gets a say?', 'pub_date': '<Year>2023</Year><Month>May</Month><Day>31</Day>'}),
Document(page_content='', metadata={'uid': '37267643', 'title': 'What is ChatGPT and what do we do with it? Implications of the age of AI for nursing and midwifery practice and education: An editorial.', 'pub_date': '<Year>2023</Year><Month>May</Month><Day>30</Day>'}),
Document(page_content='The nursing field has undergone notable changes over time and is projected to undergo further modifications in the future, owing to the advent of sophisticated technologies and growing healthcare needs. The advent of ChatGPT, an AI-powered language model, is expected to exert a significant influence on the nursing profession, specifically in the domains of patient care and instruction. The present article delves into the ramifications of ChatGPT within the nursing domain and accentuates its capacity and constraints to transform the discipline.', metadata={'uid': '37266721', 'title': 'The Impact of ChatGPT on the Nursing Profession: Revolutionizing Patient Care and Education.', 'pub_date': '<Year>2023</Year><Month>Jun</Month><Day>02</Day>'})]
previous
Pinecone Hybrid Search
next
Self-querying with Qdrant
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/pubmed.html |
db164f844f70-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
ElasticSearch BM25
Contents
Create New Retriever
Add texts (if necessary)
Use Retriever
ElasticSearch BM25#
Elasticsearch is a distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine. It provides a distributed, multitenant-capable full-text search engine with an HTTP web interface and schema-free JSON documents.
In information retrieval, Okapi BM25 (BM is an abbreviation of best matching) is a ranking function used by search engines to estimate the relevance of documents to a given search query. It is based on the probabilistic retrieval framework developed in the 1970s and 1980s by Stephen E. Robertson, Karen Spärck Jones, and others.
The name of the actual ranking function is BM25. The fuller name, Okapi BM25, includes the name of the first system to use it, which was the Okapi information retrieval system, implemented at London’s City University in the 1980s and 1990s. BM25 and its newer variants, e.g. BM25F (a version of BM25 that can take document structure and anchor text into account), represent TF-IDF-like retrieval functions used in document retrieval.
This notebook shows how to use a retriever that uses ElasticSearch and BM25.
For more information on the details of BM25 see this blog post.
#!pip install elasticsearch
from langchain.retrievers import ElasticSearchBM25Retriever
Create New Retriever#
elasticsearch_url="http://localhost:9200"
retriever = ElasticSearchBM25Retriever.create(elasticsearch_url, "langchain-index-4")
# Alternatively, you can load an existing index
# import elasticsearch
# elasticsearch_url="http://localhost:9200"
# retriever = ElasticSearchBM25Retriever(elasticsearch.Elasticsearch(elasticsearch_url), "langchain-index")
Add texts (if necessary)#
We can optionally add texts to the retriever (if they aren’t already in there)
retriever.add_texts(["foo", "bar", "world", "hello", "foo bar"])
['cbd4cb47-8d9f-4f34-b80e-ea871bc49856',
'f3bd2e24-76d1-4f9b-826b-ec4c0e8c7365',
'8631bfc8-7c12-48ee-ab56-8ad5f373676e',
'8be8374c-3253-4d87-928d-d73550a2ecf0',
'd79f457b-2842-4eab-ae10-77aa420b53d7']
Use Retriever#
We can now use the retriever!
result = retriever.get_relevant_documents("foo")
result
[Document(page_content='foo', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='foo bar', metadata={})]
previous
Databerry
next
kNN
Contents
Create New Retriever
Add texts (if necessary)
Use Retriever
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/elastic_search_bm25.html |
dd3414e03431-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
TF-IDF
Contents
Create New Retriever with Texts
Create a New Retriever with Documents
Use Retriever
TF-IDF#
TF-IDF means term-frequency times inverse document-frequency.
This notebook goes over how to use a retriever that under the hood uses TF-IDF using scikit-learn package.
For more information on the details of TF-IDF see this blog post.
# !pip install scikit-learn
from langchain.retrievers import TFIDFRetriever
Create New Retriever with Texts#
retriever = TFIDFRetriever.from_texts(["foo", "bar", "world", "hello", "foo bar"])
Create a New Retriever with Documents#
You can now create a new retriever with the documents you created.
from langchain.schema import Document
retriever = TFIDFRetriever.from_documents([Document(page_content="foo"), Document(page_content="bar"), Document(page_content="world"), Document(page_content="hello"), Document(page_content="foo bar")])
Use Retriever#
We can now use the retriever!
result = retriever.get_relevant_documents("foo")
result
[Document(page_content='foo', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='foo bar', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='hello', metadata={}),
Document(page_content='world', metadata={})]
previous
SVM
next
Time Weighted VectorStore
Contents
Create New Retriever with Texts
Create a New Retriever with Documents
Use Retriever
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/tf_idf.html |
0fb76a0e9b89-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Cohere Reranker
Contents
Set up the base vector store retriever
Doing reranking with CohereRerank
Cohere Reranker#
Cohere is a Canadian startup that provides natural language processing models that help companies improve human-machine interactions.
This notebook shows how to use Cohere’s rerank endpoint in a retriever. This builds on top of ideas in the ContextualCompressionRetriever.
#!pip install cohere
#!pip install faiss
# OR (depending on Python version)
#!pip install faiss-cpu
# get a new token: https://dashboard.cohere.ai/
import os
import getpass
os.environ['COHERE_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('Cohere API Key:')
os.environ['OPENAI_API_KEY'] = getpass.getpass('OpenAI API Key:')
# Helper function for printing docs
def pretty_print_docs(docs):
print(f"\n{'-' * 100}\n".join([f"Document {i+1}:\n\n" + d.page_content for i, d in enumerate(docs)]))
Set up the base vector store retriever#
Let’s start by initializing a simple vector store retriever and storing the 2023 State of the Union speech (in chunks). We can set up the retriever to retrieve a high number (20) of docs.
from langchain.text_splitter import RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter
from langchain.embeddings import OpenAIEmbeddings
from langchain.document_loaders import TextLoader
from langchain.vectorstores import FAISS
documents = TextLoader('../../../state_of_the_union.txt').load()
text_splitter = RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter(chunk_size=500, chunk_overlap=100)
texts = text_splitter.split_documents(documents)
retriever = FAISS.from_documents(texts, OpenAIEmbeddings()).as_retriever(search_kwargs={"k": 20})
query = "What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson"
docs = retriever.get_relevant_documents(query)
pretty_print_docs(docs)
Document 1:
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 2:
As I said last year, especially to our younger transgender Americans, I will always have your back as your President, so you can be yourself and reach your God-given potential.
While it often appears that we never agree, that isn’t true. I signed 80 bipartisan bills into law last year. From preventing government shutdowns to protecting Asian-Americans from still-too-common hate crimes to reforming military justice.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 3:
A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans.
And if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 4:
He met the Ukrainian people.
From President Zelenskyy to every Ukrainian, their fearlessness, their courage, their determination, inspires the world.
Groups of citizens blocking tanks with their bodies. Everyone from students to retirees teachers turned soldiers defending their homeland.
In this struggle as President Zelenskyy said in his speech to the European Parliament “Light will win over darkness.” The Ukrainian Ambassador to the United States is here tonight.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 5:
I spoke with their families and told them that we are forever in debt for their sacrifice, and we will carry on their mission to restore the trust and safety every community deserves.
I’ve worked on these issues a long time.
I know what works: Investing in crime preventionand community police officers who’ll walk the beat, who’ll know the neighborhood, and who can restore trust and safety.
So let’s not abandon our streets. Or choose between safety and equal justice.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 6:
Vice President Harris and I ran for office with a new economic vision for America.
Invest in America. Educate Americans. Grow the workforce. Build the economy from the bottom up
and the middle out, not from the top down. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/cohere-reranker.html |
0fb76a0e9b89-1 | and the middle out, not from the top down.
Because we know that when the middle class grows, the poor have a ladder up and the wealthy do very well.
America used to have the best roads, bridges, and airports on Earth.
Now our infrastructure is ranked 13th in the world.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 7:
And tonight, I’m announcing that the Justice Department will name a chief prosecutor for pandemic fraud.
By the end of this year, the deficit will be down to less than half what it was before I took office.
The only president ever to cut the deficit by more than one trillion dollars in a single year.
Lowering your costs also means demanding more competition.
I’m a capitalist, but capitalism without competition isn’t capitalism.
It’s exploitation—and it drives up prices.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 8:
For the past 40 years we were told that if we gave tax breaks to those at the very top, the benefits would trickle down to everyone else.
But that trickle-down theory led to weaker economic growth, lower wages, bigger deficits, and the widest gap between those at the top and everyone else in nearly a century.
Vice President Harris and I ran for office with a new economic vision for America.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 9:
All told, we created 369,000 new manufacturing jobs in America just last year.
Powered by people I’ve met like JoJo Burgess, from generations of union steelworkers from Pittsburgh, who’s here with us tonight.
As Ohio Senator Sherrod Brown says, “It’s time to bury the label “Rust Belt.”
It’s time.
But with all the bright spots in our economy, record job growth and higher wages, too many families are struggling to keep up with the bills.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 10:
I’m also calling on Congress: pass a law to make sure veterans devastated by toxic exposures in Iraq and Afghanistan finally get the benefits and comprehensive health care they deserve.
And fourth, let’s end cancer as we know it.
This is personal to me and Jill, to Kamala, and to so many of you.
Cancer is the #2 cause of death in America–second only to heart disease.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 11:
He will never extinguish their love of freedom. He will never weaken the resolve of the free world.
We meet tonight in an America that has lived through two of the hardest years this nation has ever faced.
The pandemic has been punishing.
And so many families are living paycheck to paycheck, struggling to keep up with the rising cost of food, gas, housing, and so much more.
I understand.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 12:
Madam Speaker, Madam Vice President, our First Lady and Second Gentleman. Members of Congress and the Cabinet. Justices of the Supreme Court. My fellow Americans.
Last year COVID-19 kept us apart. This year we are finally together again.
Tonight, we meet as Democrats Republicans and Independents. But most importantly as Americans.
With a duty to one another to the American people to the Constitution.
And with an unwavering resolve that freedom will always triumph over tyranny.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 13:
I know.
One of those soldiers was my son Major Beau Biden.
We don’t know for sure if a burn pit was the cause of his brain cancer, or the diseases of so many of our troops.
But I’m committed to finding out everything we can.
Committed to military families like Danielle Robinson from Ohio.
The widow of Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson.
He was born a soldier. Army National Guard. Combat medic in Kosovo and Iraq.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 14:
And soon, we’ll strengthen the Violence Against Women Act that I first wrote three decades ago. It is important for us to show the nation that we can come together and do big things.
So tonight I’m offering a Unity Agenda for the Nation. Four big things we can do together.
First, beat the opioid epidemic.
There is so much we can do. Increase funding for prevention, treatment, harm reduction, and recovery.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 15:
Third, support our veterans.
Veterans are the best of us.
I’ve always believed that we have a sacred obligation to equip all those we send to war and care for them and their families when they come home.
My administration is providing assistance with job training and housing, and now helping lower-income veterans get VA care debt-free. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/cohere-reranker.html |
0fb76a0e9b89-2 | Our troops in Iraq and Afghanistan faced many dangers.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 16:
When we invest in our workers, when we build the economy from the bottom up and the middle out together, we can do something we haven’t done in a long time: build a better America.
For more than two years, COVID-19 has impacted every decision in our lives and the life of the nation.
And I know you’re tired, frustrated, and exhausted.
But I also know this.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 17:
Now is the hour.
Our moment of responsibility.
Our test of resolve and conscience, of history itself.
It is in this moment that our character is formed. Our purpose is found. Our future is forged.
Well I know this nation.
We will meet the test.
To protect freedom and liberty, to expand fairness and opportunity.
We will save democracy.
As hard as these times have been, I am more optimistic about America today than I have been my whole life.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 18:
He didn’t know how to stop fighting, and neither did she.
Through her pain she found purpose to demand we do better.
Tonight, Danielle—we are.
The VA is pioneering new ways of linking toxic exposures to diseases, already helping more veterans get benefits.
And tonight, I’m announcing we’re expanding eligibility to veterans suffering from nine respiratory cancers.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 19:
I understand.
I remember when my Dad had to leave our home in Scranton, Pennsylvania to find work. I grew up in a family where if the price of food went up, you felt it.
That’s why one of the first things I did as President was fight to pass the American Rescue Plan.
Because people were hurting. We needed to act, and we did.
Few pieces of legislation have done more in a critical moment in our history to lift us out of crisis.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 20:
So let’s not abandon our streets. Or choose between safety and equal justice.
Let’s come together to protect our communities, restore trust, and hold law enforcement accountable.
That’s why the Justice Department required body cameras, banned chokeholds, and restricted no-knock warrants for its officers.
Doing reranking with CohereRerank#
Now let’s wrap our base retriever with a ContextualCompressionRetriever. We’ll add an CohereRerank, uses the Cohere rerank endpoint to rerank the returned results.
from langchain.llms import OpenAI
from langchain.retrievers import ContextualCompressionRetriever
from langchain.retrievers.document_compressors import CohereRerank
llm = OpenAI(temperature=0)
compressor = CohereRerank()
compression_retriever = ContextualCompressionRetriever(base_compressor=compressor, base_retriever=retriever)
compressed_docs = compression_retriever.get_relevant_documents("What did the president say about Ketanji Jackson Brown")
pretty_print_docs(compressed_docs)
Document 1:
One of the most serious constitutional responsibilities a President has is nominating someone to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
And I did that 4 days ago, when I nominated Circuit Court of Appeals Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson. One of our nation’s top legal minds, who will continue Justice Breyer’s legacy of excellence.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 2:
I spoke with their families and told them that we are forever in debt for their sacrifice, and we will carry on their mission to restore the trust and safety every community deserves.
I’ve worked on these issues a long time.
I know what works: Investing in crime preventionand community police officers who’ll walk the beat, who’ll know the neighborhood, and who can restore trust and safety.
So let’s not abandon our streets. Or choose between safety and equal justice.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Document 3:
A former top litigator in private practice. A former federal public defender. And from a family of public school educators and police officers. A consensus builder. Since she’s been nominated, she’s received a broad range of support—from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans.
And if we are to advance liberty and justice, we need to secure the Border and fix the immigration system.
You can of course use this retriever within a QA pipeline
from langchain.chains import RetrievalQA
chain = RetrievalQA.from_chain_type(llm=OpenAI(temperature=0), retriever=compression_retriever) | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/cohere-reranker.html |
0fb76a0e9b89-3 | chain({"query": query})
{'query': 'What did the president say about Ketanji Brown Jackson',
'result': " The president said that Ketanji Brown Jackson is one of the nation's top legal minds and that she is a consensus builder who has received a broad range of support from the Fraternal Order of Police to former judges appointed by Democrats and Republicans."}
previous
Self-querying with Chroma
next
Contextual Compression
Contents
Set up the base vector store retriever
Doing reranking with CohereRerank
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/cohere-reranker.html |
0cf09c7922d0-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Databerry
Contents
Query
Databerry#
Databerry platform brings data from anywhere (Datsources: Text, PDF, Word, PowerPpoint, Excel, Notion, Airtable, Google Sheets, etc..) into Datastores (container of multiple Datasources).
Then your Datastores can be connected to ChatGPT via Plugins or any other Large Langue Model (LLM) via the Databerry API.
This notebook shows how to use Databerry’s retriever.
First, you will need to sign up for Databerry, create a datastore, add some data and get your datastore api endpoint url. You need the API Key.
Query#
Now that our index is set up, we can set up a retriever and start querying it.
from langchain.retrievers import DataberryRetriever
retriever = DataberryRetriever(
datastore_url="https://clg1xg2h80000l708dymr0fxc.databerry.ai/query",
# api_key="DATABERRY_API_KEY", # optional if datastore is public
# top_k=10 # optional
)
retriever.get_relevant_documents("What is Daftpage?")
[Document(page_content='✨ Made with DaftpageOpen main menuPricingTemplatesLoginSearchHelpGetting StartedFeaturesAffiliate ProgramGetting StartedDaftpage is a new type of website builder that works like a doc.It makes website building easy, fun and offers tons of powerful features for free. Just type / in your page to get started!DaftpageCopyright © 2022 Daftpage, Inc.All rights reserved.ProductPricingTemplatesHelp & SupportHelp CenterGetting startedBlogCompanyAboutRoadmapTwitterAffiliate Program👾 Discord', metadata={'source': 'https:/daftpage.com/help/getting-started', 'score': 0.8697265}),
Document(page_content="✨ Made with DaftpageOpen main menuPricingTemplatesLoginSearchHelpGetting StartedFeaturesAffiliate ProgramHelp CenterWelcome to Daftpage’s help center—the one-stop shop for learning everything about building websites with Daftpage.Daftpage is the simplest way to create websites for all purposes in seconds. Without knowing how to code, and for free!Get StartedDaftpage is a new type of website builder that works like a doc.It makes website building easy, fun and offers tons of powerful features for free. Just type / in your page to get started!Start here✨ Create your first site🧱 Add blocks🚀 PublishGuides🔖 Add a custom domainFeatures🔥 Drops🎨 Drawings👻 Ghost mode💀 Skeleton modeCant find the answer you're looking for?mail us at [email protected] the awesome Daftpage community on: 👾 DiscordDaftpageCopyright © 2022 Daftpage, Inc.All rights reserved.ProductPricingTemplatesHelp & SupportHelp CenterGetting startedBlogCompanyAboutRoadmapTwitterAffiliate Program👾 Discord", metadata={'source': 'https:/daftpage.com/help', 'score': 0.86570895}),
Document(page_content=" is the simplest way to create websites for all purposes in seconds. Without knowing how to code, and for free!Get StartedDaftpage is a new type of website builder that works like a doc.It makes website building easy, fun and offers tons of powerful features for free. Just type / in your page to get started!Start here✨ Create your first site🧱 Add blocks🚀 PublishGuides🔖 Add a custom domainFeatures🔥 Drops🎨 Drawings👻 Ghost mode💀 Skeleton modeCant find the answer you're looking for?mail us at [email protected] the awesome Daftpage community on: 👾 DiscordDaftpageCopyright © 2022 Daftpage, Inc.All rights reserved.ProductPricingTemplatesHelp & SupportHelp CenterGetting startedBlogCompanyAboutRoadmapTwitterAffiliate Program👾 Discord", metadata={'source': 'https:/daftpage.com/help', 'score': 0.8645384})]
previous
Contextual Compression
next
ElasticSearch BM25
Contents
Query
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/databerry.html |
3d04b97b9cd4-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Metal
Contents
Ingest Documents
Query
Metal#
Metal is a managed service for ML Embeddings.
This notebook shows how to use Metal’s retriever.
First, you will need to sign up for Metal and get an API key. You can do so here
# !pip install metal_sdk
from metal_sdk.metal import Metal
API_KEY = ""
CLIENT_ID = ""
INDEX_ID = ""
metal = Metal(API_KEY, CLIENT_ID, INDEX_ID);
Ingest Documents#
You only need to do this if you haven’t already set up an index
metal.index( {"text": "foo1"})
metal.index( {"text": "foo"})
{'data': {'id': '642739aa7559b026b4430e42',
'text': 'foo',
'createdAt': '2023-03-31T19:51:06.748Z'}}
Query#
Now that our index is set up, we can set up a retriever and start querying it.
from langchain.retrievers import MetalRetriever
retriever = MetalRetriever(metal, params={"limit": 2})
retriever.get_relevant_documents("foo1")
[Document(page_content='foo1', metadata={'dist': '1.19209289551e-07', 'id': '642739a17559b026b4430e40', 'createdAt': '2023-03-31T19:50:57.853Z'}),
Document(page_content='foo1', metadata={'dist': '4.05311584473e-06', 'id': '642738f67559b026b4430e3c', 'createdAt': '2023-03-31T19:48:06.769Z'})]
previous
kNN
next
Pinecone Hybrid Search
Contents
Ingest Documents
Query
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/metal.html |
e44eb5993657-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Vespa
Vespa#
Vespa is a fully featured search engine and vector database. It supports vector search (ANN), lexical search, and search in structured data, all in the same query.
This notebook shows how to use Vespa.ai as a LangChain retriever.
In order to create a retriever, we use pyvespa to
create a connection a Vespa service.
#!pip install pyvespa
from vespa.application import Vespa
vespa_app = Vespa(url="https://doc-search.vespa.oath.cloud")
This creates a connection to a Vespa service, here the Vespa documentation search service.
Using pyvespa package, you can also connect to a
Vespa Cloud instance
or a local
Docker instance.
After connecting to the service, you can set up the retriever:
from langchain.retrievers.vespa_retriever import VespaRetriever
vespa_query_body = {
"yql": "select content from paragraph where userQuery()",
"hits": 5,
"ranking": "documentation",
"locale": "en-us"
}
vespa_content_field = "content"
retriever = VespaRetriever(vespa_app, vespa_query_body, vespa_content_field)
This sets up a LangChain retriever that fetches documents from the Vespa application.
Here, up to 5 results are retrieved from the content field in the paragraph document type,
using doumentation as the ranking method. The userQuery() is replaced with the actual query
passed from LangChain.
Please refer to the pyvespa documentation
for more information.
Now you can return the results and continue using the results in LangChain.
retriever.get_relevant_documents("what is vespa?")
previous
VectorStore
next
Weaviate Hybrid Search
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/vespa.html |
a98d244b2588-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Azure Cognitive Search
Contents
Set up Azure Cognitive Search
Using the Azure Cognitive Search Retriever
Azure Cognitive Search#
Azure Cognitive Search (formerly known as Azure Search) is a cloud search service that gives developers infrastructure, APIs, and tools for building a rich search experience over private, heterogeneous content in web, mobile, and enterprise applications.
Search is foundational to any app that surfaces text to users, where common scenarios include catalog or document search, online retail apps, or data exploration over proprietary content. When you create a search service, you’ll work with the following capabilities:
A search engine for full text search over a search index containing user-owned content
Rich indexing, with lexical analysis and optional AI enrichment for content extraction and transformation
Rich query syntax for text search, fuzzy search, autocomplete, geo-search and more
Programmability through REST APIs and client libraries in Azure SDKs
Azure integration at the data layer, machine learning layer, and AI (Cognitive Services)
This notebook shows how to use Azure Cognitive Search (ACS) within LangChain.
Set up Azure Cognitive Search#
To set up ACS, please follow the instrcutions here.
Please note
the name of your ACS service,
the name of your ACS index,
your API key.
Your API key can be either Admin or Query key, but as we only read data it is recommended to use a Query key.
Using the Azure Cognitive Search Retriever#
import os
from langchain.retrievers import AzureCognitiveSearchRetriever
Set Service Name, Index Name and API key as environment variables (alternatively, you can pass them as arguments to AzureCognitiveSearchRetriever).
os.environ["AZURE_COGNITIVE_SEARCH_SERVICE_NAME"] = "<YOUR_ACS_SERVICE_NAME>"
os.environ["AZURE_COGNITIVE_SEARCH_INDEX_NAME"] ="<YOUR_ACS_INDEX_NAME>"
os.environ["AZURE_COGNITIVE_SEARCH_API_KEY"] = "<YOUR_API_KEY>"
Create the Retriever
retriever = AzureCognitiveSearchRetriever(content_key="content")
Now you can use retrieve documents from Azure Cognitive Search
retriever.get_relevant_documents("what is langchain")
previous
Arxiv
next
ChatGPT Plugin
Contents
Set up Azure Cognitive Search
Using the Azure Cognitive Search Retriever
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/indexes/retrievers/examples/azure_cognitive_search.html |
70805e07ee7a-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Chat Prompt Templates
Contents
Format output
Different types of MessagePromptTemplate
Chat Prompt Templates#
Chat Models take a list of chat messages as input - this list commonly referred to as a prompt.
These chat messages differ from raw string (which you would pass into a LLM model) in that every message is associated with a role.
For example, in OpenAI Chat Completion API, a chat message can be associated with the AI, human or system role. The model is supposed to follow instruction from system chat message more closely.
LangChain provides several prompt templates to make constructing and working with prompts easily. You are encouraged to use these chat related prompt templates instead of PromptTemplate when querying chat models to fully exploit the potential of underlying chat model.
from langchain.prompts import (
ChatPromptTemplate,
PromptTemplate,
SystemMessagePromptTemplate,
AIMessagePromptTemplate,
HumanMessagePromptTemplate,
)
from langchain.schema import (
AIMessage,
HumanMessage,
SystemMessage
)
To create a message template associated with a role, you use MessagePromptTemplate.
For convenience, there is a from_template method exposed on the template. If you were to use this template, this is what it would look like:
template="You are a helpful assistant that translates {input_language} to {output_language}."
system_message_prompt = SystemMessagePromptTemplate.from_template(template)
human_template="{text}"
human_message_prompt = HumanMessagePromptTemplate.from_template(human_template)
If you wanted to construct the MessagePromptTemplate more directly, you could create a PromptTemplate outside and then pass it in, eg:
prompt=PromptTemplate(
template="You are a helpful assistant that translates {input_language} to {output_language}.",
input_variables=["input_language", "output_language"],
)
system_message_prompt_2 = SystemMessagePromptTemplate(prompt=prompt)
assert system_message_prompt == system_message_prompt_2
After that, you can build a ChatPromptTemplate from one or more MessagePromptTemplates. You can use ChatPromptTemplate’s format_prompt – this returns a PromptValue, which you can convert to a string or Message object, depending on whether you want to use the formatted value as input to an llm or chat model.
chat_prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages([system_message_prompt, human_message_prompt])
# get a chat completion from the formatted messages
chat_prompt.format_prompt(input_language="English", output_language="French", text="I love programming.").to_messages()
[SystemMessage(content='You are a helpful assistant that translates English to French.', additional_kwargs={}),
HumanMessage(content='I love programming.', additional_kwargs={})]
Format output#
The output of the format method is available as string, list of messages and ChatPromptValue
As string:
output = chat_prompt.format(input_language="English", output_language="French", text="I love programming.")
output
'System: You are a helpful assistant that translates English to French.\nHuman: I love programming.'
# or alternatively
output_2 = chat_prompt.format_prompt(input_language="English", output_language="French", text="I love programming.").to_string()
assert output == output_2
As ChatPromptValue
chat_prompt.format_prompt(input_language="English", output_language="French", text="I love programming.")
ChatPromptValue(messages=[SystemMessage(content='You are a helpful assistant that translates English to French.', additional_kwargs={}), HumanMessage(content='I love programming.', additional_kwargs={})])
As list of Message objects
chat_prompt.format_prompt(input_language="English", output_language="French", text="I love programming.").to_messages()
[SystemMessage(content='You are a helpful assistant that translates English to French.', additional_kwargs={}),
HumanMessage(content='I love programming.', additional_kwargs={})]
Different types of MessagePromptTemplate#
LangChain provides different types of MessagePromptTemplate. The most commonly used are AIMessagePromptTemplate, SystemMessagePromptTemplate and HumanMessagePromptTemplate, which create an AI message, system message and human message respectively.
However, in cases where the chat model supports taking chat message with arbitrary role, you can use ChatMessagePromptTemplate, which allows user to specify the role name.
from langchain.prompts import ChatMessagePromptTemplate
prompt = "May the {subject} be with you"
chat_message_prompt = ChatMessagePromptTemplate.from_template(role="Jedi", template=prompt)
chat_message_prompt.format(subject="force")
ChatMessage(content='May the force be with you', additional_kwargs={}, role='Jedi') | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/prompts/chat_prompt_template.html |
70805e07ee7a-1 | ChatMessage(content='May the force be with you', additional_kwargs={}, role='Jedi')
LangChain also provides MessagesPlaceholder, which gives you full control of what messages to be rendered during formatting. This can be useful when you are uncertain of what role you should be using for your message prompt templates or when you wish to insert a list of messages during formatting.
from langchain.prompts import MessagesPlaceholder
human_prompt = "Summarize our conversation so far in {word_count} words."
human_message_template = HumanMessagePromptTemplate.from_template(human_prompt)
chat_prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_messages([MessagesPlaceholder(variable_name="conversation"), human_message_template])
human_message = HumanMessage(content="What is the best way to learn programming?")
ai_message = AIMessage(content="""\
1. Choose a programming language: Decide on a programming language that you want to learn.
2. Start with the basics: Familiarize yourself with the basic programming concepts such as variables, data types and control structures.
3. Practice, practice, practice: The best way to learn programming is through hands-on experience\
""")
chat_prompt.format_prompt(conversation=[human_message, ai_message], word_count="10").to_messages()
[HumanMessage(content='What is the best way to learn programming?', additional_kwargs={}),
AIMessage(content='1. Choose a programming language: Decide on a programming language that you want to learn. \n\n2. Start with the basics: Familiarize yourself with the basic programming concepts such as variables, data types and control structures.\n\n3. Practice, practice, practice: The best way to learn programming is through hands-on experience', additional_kwargs={}),
HumanMessage(content='Summarize our conversation so far in 10 words.', additional_kwargs={})]
previous
Output Parsers
next
Example Selectors
Contents
Format output
Different types of MessagePromptTemplate
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/prompts/chat_prompt_template.html |
a6ec384bdce9-0 | .rst
.pdf
Output Parsers
Output Parsers#
Note
Conceptual Guide
Language models output text. But many times you may want to get more structured information than just text back. This is where output parsers come in.
Output parsers are classes that help structure language model responses. There are two main methods an output parser must implement:
get_format_instructions() -> str: A method which returns a string containing instructions for how the output of a language model should be formatted.
parse(str) -> Any: A method which takes in a string (assumed to be the response from a language model) and parses it into some structure.
And then one optional one:
parse_with_prompt(str) -> Any: A method which takes in a string (assumed to be the response from a language model) and a prompt (assumed to the prompt that generated such a response) and parses it into some structure. The prompt is largely provided in the event the OutputParser wants to retry or fix the output in some way, and needs information from the prompt to do so.
To start, we recommend familiarizing yourself with the Getting Started section
Output Parsers
After that, we provide deep dives on all the different types of output parsers.
CommaSeparatedListOutputParser
Datetime
Enum Output Parser
OutputFixingParser
PydanticOutputParser
RetryOutputParser
Structured Output Parser
previous
Similarity ExampleSelector
next
Output Parsers
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/prompts/output_parsers.html |
40fcdcb607a4-0 | .ipynb
.pdf
Getting Started
Contents
PromptTemplates
to_string
to_messages
Getting Started#
This section contains everything related to prompts. A prompt is the value passed into the Language Model. This value can either be a string (for LLMs) or a list of messages (for Chat Models).
The data types of these prompts are rather simple, but their construction is anything but. Value props of LangChain here include:
A standard interface for string prompts and message prompts
A standard (to get started) interface for string prompt templates and message prompt templates
Example Selectors: methods for inserting examples into the prompt for the language model to follow
OutputParsers: methods for inserting instructions into the prompt as the format in which the language model should output information, as well as methods for then parsing that string output into a format.
We have in depth documentation for specific types of string prompts, specific types of chat prompts, example selectors, and output parsers.
Here, we cover a quick-start for a standard interface for getting started with simple prompts.
PromptTemplates#
PromptTemplates are responsible for constructing a prompt value. These PromptTemplates can do things like formatting, example selection, and more. At a high level, these are basically objects that expose a format_prompt method for constructing a prompt. Under the hood, ANYTHING can happen.
from langchain.prompts import PromptTemplate, ChatPromptTemplate
string_prompt = PromptTemplate.from_template("tell me a joke about {subject}")
chat_prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_template("tell me a joke about {subject}")
string_prompt_value = string_prompt.format_prompt(subject="soccer")
chat_prompt_value = chat_prompt.format_prompt(subject="soccer")
to_string#
This is what is called when passing to an LLM (which expects raw text)
string_prompt_value.to_string()
'tell me a joke about soccer'
chat_prompt_value.to_string()
'Human: tell me a joke about soccer'
to_messages#
This is what is called when passing to ChatModel (which expects a list of messages)
string_prompt_value.to_messages()
[HumanMessage(content='tell me a joke about soccer', additional_kwargs={}, example=False)]
chat_prompt_value.to_messages()
[HumanMessage(content='tell me a joke about soccer', additional_kwargs={}, example=False)]
previous
Prompts
next
Prompt Templates
Contents
PromptTemplates
to_string
to_messages
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/prompts/getting_started.html |
bc86231a1675-0 | .rst
.pdf
Prompt Templates
Prompt Templates#
Note
Conceptual Guide
Language models take text as input - that text is commonly referred to as a prompt.
Typically this is not simply a hardcoded string but rather a combination of a template, some examples, and user input.
LangChain provides several classes and functions to make constructing and working with prompts easy.
The following sections of documentation are provided:
Getting Started: An overview of all the functionality LangChain provides for working with and constructing prompts.
How-To Guides: A collection of how-to guides. These highlight how to accomplish various objectives with our prompt class.
Reference: API reference documentation for all prompt classes.
previous
Getting Started
next
Getting Started
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/prompts/prompt_templates.html |
e6fa1e7fcbd0-0 | .rst
.pdf
Example Selectors
Example Selectors#
Note
Conceptual Guide
If you have a large number of examples, you may need to select which ones to include in the prompt. The ExampleSelector is the class responsible for doing so.
The base interface is defined as below:
class BaseExampleSelector(ABC):
"""Interface for selecting examples to include in prompts."""
@abstractmethod
def select_examples(self, input_variables: Dict[str, str]) -> List[dict]:
"""Select which examples to use based on the inputs."""
The only method it needs to expose is a select_examples method. This takes in the input variables and then returns a list of examples. It is up to each specific implementation as to how those examples are selected. Let’s take a look at some below.
See below for a list of example selectors.
How to create a custom example selector
LengthBased ExampleSelector
Maximal Marginal Relevance ExampleSelector
NGram Overlap ExampleSelector
Similarity ExampleSelector
previous
Chat Prompt Templates
next
How to create a custom example selector
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/prompts/example_selectors.html |
f4129c63ca1a-0 | .md
.pdf
How to create a custom example selector
Contents
Implement custom example selector
Use custom example selector
How to create a custom example selector#
In this tutorial, we’ll create a custom example selector that selects every alternate example from a given list of examples.
An ExampleSelector must implement two methods:
An add_example method which takes in an example and adds it into the ExampleSelector
A select_examples method which takes in input variables (which are meant to be user input) and returns a list of examples to use in the few shot prompt.
Let’s implement a custom ExampleSelector that just selects two examples at random.
Note
Take a look at the current set of example selector implementations supported in LangChain here.
Implement custom example selector#
from langchain.prompts.example_selector.base import BaseExampleSelector
from typing import Dict, List
import numpy as np
class CustomExampleSelector(BaseExampleSelector):
def __init__(self, examples: List[Dict[str, str]]):
self.examples = examples
def add_example(self, example: Dict[str, str]) -> None:
"""Add new example to store for a key."""
self.examples.append(example)
def select_examples(self, input_variables: Dict[str, str]) -> List[dict]:
"""Select which examples to use based on the inputs."""
return np.random.choice(self.examples, size=2, replace=False)
Use custom example selector#
examples = [
{"foo": "1"},
{"foo": "2"},
{"foo": "3"}
]
# Initialize example selector.
example_selector = CustomExampleSelector(examples)
# Select examples
example_selector.select_examples({"foo": "foo"})
# -> array([{'foo': '2'}, {'foo': '3'}], dtype=object)
# Add new example to the set of examples
example_selector.add_example({"foo": "4"})
example_selector.examples
# -> [{'foo': '1'}, {'foo': '2'}, {'foo': '3'}, {'foo': '4'}]
# Select examples
example_selector.select_examples({"foo": "foo"})
# -> array([{'foo': '1'}, {'foo': '4'}], dtype=object)
previous
Example Selectors
next
LengthBased ExampleSelector
Contents
Implement custom example selector
Use custom example selector
By Harrison Chase
© Copyright 2023, Harrison Chase.
Last updated on Jun 08, 2023. | https://langchain.readthedocs.io/en/latest/modules/prompts/example_selectors/examples/custom_example_selector.html |
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