text
stringlengths 14
5.22M
| meta
dict | __index_level_0__
int64 0
9.97k
| input_ids
sequencelengths 128
128
| attention_mask
sequencelengths 128
128
| labels
sequencelengths 128
128
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home > News Briefs > Did you know?
Kwanzaa traces its origins to Africa and is celebrated across North America and other nations that have large populations that trace their heritage to Africa. The holiday begins on December 26 and continues until January 1. The main components of the celebration include family, community and culture. Kwanzaa was not designed to replace Christmas. In fact, many Kwanzaa celebrants also celebrate Christmas. The word "kwanzaa" is from the Swahili phrase "Matunda ya kwanza," which means "first fruits." Maulana Karenga, the professor who created the holiday in 1966, chose Swahili as the language associated with the holiday because it isn't affiliated with a particular African region or tribe. At the heart of the holiday are seven principles that celebrants embrace and follow: unity, self-determination, collective responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity, and faith. Even though the holiday was created for African Americans, many other ethnic groups are inspired by the foundations of Kwanzaa and choose to join in the festivities. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 4,918 | [
128000,
7778,
871,
5513,
37618,
82,
871,
14910,
499,
1440,
5380,
42,
16965,
4458,
64,
35483,
1202,
33472,
311,
10384,
323,
374,
28284,
4028,
4892,
5270,
323,
1023,
17089,
430,
617,
3544,
22673,
430,
11917,
872,
28948,
311,
10384,
13,
578,
13560,
12302,
389,
6790,
220,
1627,
323,
9731,
3156,
6186,
220,
16,
13,
578,
1925,
6956,
315,
279,
25960,
2997,
3070,
11,
4029,
323,
7829,
13,
735,
16965,
4458,
64,
574,
539,
6319,
311,
8454,
10280,
13,
763,
2144,
11,
1690,
735,
16965,
4458,
64,
7495,
1821,
1101,
18890,
10280,
13,
578,
3492,
330,
74,
16965,
4458,
64,
1,
374,
505,
279,
4593,
1494,
4008,
17571,
330,
11836,
27990,
13835,
597,
16965,
4458,
1359,
902,
3445,
330,
3983,
26390,
1210,
94301,
3444,
96331,
63630,
11,
279,
14561
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
7778,
871,
5513,
37618,
82,
871,
14910,
499,
1440,
5380,
42,
16965,
4458,
64,
35483,
1202,
33472,
311,
10384,
323,
374,
28284,
4028,
4892,
5270,
323,
1023,
17089,
430,
617,
3544,
22673,
430,
11917,
872,
28948,
311,
10384,
13,
578,
13560,
12302,
389,
6790,
220,
1627,
323,
9731,
3156,
6186,
220,
16,
13,
578,
1925,
6956,
315,
279,
25960,
2997,
3070,
11,
4029,
323,
7829,
13,
735,
16965,
4458,
64,
574,
539,
6319,
311,
8454,
10280,
13,
763,
2144,
11,
1690,
735,
16965,
4458,
64,
7495,
1821,
1101,
18890,
10280,
13,
578,
3492,
330,
74,
16965,
4458,
64,
1,
374,
505,
279,
4593,
1494,
4008,
17571,
330,
11836,
27990,
13835,
597,
16965,
4458,
1359,
902,
3445,
330,
3983,
26390,
1210,
94301,
3444,
96331,
63630,
11,
279,
14561,
-100
] |
Home » action » First Look: Alicia Vikander as Lara Croft on the set of Tomb Raider
First Look: Alicia Vikander as Lara Croft on the set of Tomb Raider
Posted by Phil on Feb 6, 2017 in action, All, Film, Games, News, thriller | 0 comments
Alicia Vikander (Ex Machina) is the new Lara Craft for MGM, Warner Bros. and GK Films' new Tomb Raider movie. Roar Uthaug (The Wave) is directing and the first photos show that Vikander is looking spot on as Lara.
The new Tomb Raider film is set to tell the story of a young and untested Croft fighting to survive her first adventure. Sounds a lot like the recent video games.
The film also stars Dominic West as her father, Daniel Wu as a ship captain, and Walton Goggins as the main bad guy.
The original Tomb Raider game was released in 1996 by London-based Eidos, which is now part of Square Enix. The games have sold over 35 million units. Paramount's two films starring Angelina Jolie as the British archaeologist were released in 2001 and 2003 and grossed $432 million worldwide.
The film is due out on 16th March 2018.
🔸🔹 Alicia Vikander on set of Tomb Raider!!! pic.twitter.com/SV2NVXNdwX
— AliciaVikander Daily (@AliciaVikanderD) February 6, 2017 | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 7,884 | [
128000,
7778,
8345,
1957,
8345,
5629,
9372,
25,
80002,
29476,
8363,
439,
73257,
25611,
728,
389,
279,
743,
315,
57272,
81454,
198,
5451,
9372,
25,
80002,
29476,
8363,
439,
73257,
25611,
728,
389,
279,
743,
315,
57272,
81454,
198,
17827,
555,
7302,
389,
13806,
220,
21,
11,
220,
679,
22,
304,
1957,
11,
2052,
11,
17042,
11,
11871,
11,
5513,
11,
54461,
765,
220,
15,
6170,
198,
32,
416,
689,
29476,
8363,
320,
849,
18798,
2259,
8,
374,
279,
502,
73257,
24969,
369,
99491,
11,
32780,
34321,
13,
323,
98509,
46564,
6,
502,
57272,
81454,
5818,
13,
12093,
277,
549,
339,
19729,
320,
791,
32418,
8,
374,
46090,
323,
279,
1176,
7397,
1501,
430,
29476,
8363,
374,
3411,
7858,
389,
439,
73257,
627,
791,
502,
57272,
81454,
4632
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
7778,
8345,
1957,
8345,
5629,
9372,
25,
80002,
29476,
8363,
439,
73257,
25611,
728,
389,
279,
743,
315,
57272,
81454,
198,
5451,
9372,
25,
80002,
29476,
8363,
439,
73257,
25611,
728,
389,
279,
743,
315,
57272,
81454,
198,
17827,
555,
7302,
389,
13806,
220,
21,
11,
220,
679,
22,
304,
1957,
11,
2052,
11,
17042,
11,
11871,
11,
5513,
11,
54461,
765,
220,
15,
6170,
198,
32,
416,
689,
29476,
8363,
320,
849,
18798,
2259,
8,
374,
279,
502,
73257,
24969,
369,
99491,
11,
32780,
34321,
13,
323,
98509,
46564,
6,
502,
57272,
81454,
5818,
13,
12093,
277,
549,
339,
19729,
320,
791,
32418,
8,
374,
46090,
323,
279,
1176,
7397,
1501,
430,
29476,
8363,
374,
3411,
7858,
389,
439,
73257,
627,
791,
502,
57272,
81454,
4632,
-100
] |
Ability to do Reverse Engineering on Waaree units.
To send in your Waaree unit for repair use the shipping address below.
If you have any technical questions or wish to offer technical information about any Waaree units then fill out the form below. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 3,118 | [
128000,
35003,
311,
656,
25263,
17005,
389,
29614,
548,
68,
8316,
627,
1271,
3708,
304,
701,
29614,
548,
68,
5089,
369,
13023,
1005,
279,
11862,
2686,
3770,
627,
2746,
499,
617,
904,
11156,
4860,
477,
6562,
311,
3085,
11156,
2038,
922,
904,
29614,
548,
68,
8316,
1243,
5266,
704,
279,
1376,
3770,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
35003,
311,
656,
25263,
17005,
389,
29614,
548,
68,
8316,
627,
1271,
3708,
304,
701,
29614,
548,
68,
5089,
369,
13023,
1005,
279,
11862,
2686,
3770,
627,
2746,
499,
617,
904,
11156,
4860,
477,
6562,
311,
3085,
11156,
2038,
922,
904,
29614,
548,
68,
8316,
1243,
5266,
704,
279,
1376,
3770,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
<?php
/* @var $this yii\web\View */
$this->title = 'My Yii Application';
?>
<!-- Header -->
<header id="head">
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<h1 class="lead">TRAVAILLER LIBREMENT ENSEMBLE</h1>
<p class="tagline">
Cher ami internaute,
</br>
Nous sommes une dizaine de jeunes, pour la plupart d'anciens étudiants associatifs.</br> à la recherche d'une vie bâtit sur la mise en place d'un avenir basé sur la pérennité.</br>
Motivés par l'idée de regrouper nos projets, nous nous orienterons vers une association de loi 1901.</br>
Pour le moment, nous sommes en phase de construction du site de l'association, afin qu'il soit présentable au moment du lancement de la structure associative.</br>
Le site n'en est qu'un reflet, mais aussi un outil clé, c'est pourquoi nous avons décidé de vous le partager</br> </br>
Etre de l'univers, nous avons besoin de toi et peut-être as-tu besoin de nous ?</br>
Vous avez besoin de toi, c'est possible...</br>
</p>
<p><a class="btn btn-default btn-lg" role="button" href="about.html" title="A propos">+ D'INFOS</a> <a class="btn btn-action btn-lg" role="button" href="soutenir.html" title="Soutenir l'association">SOUTENIR</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<!-- /Header -->
<!-- Intro -->
<div class="container text-center">
<br> <br>
<h2 class="thin">Présentation de l'association</h2>
<p class="text-muted">
Le site est actuellement en construction > délais ?</br>
Les fondements de l'association Echos-Libres partent du principe que nous avons TOUS des compétences,
plus ou moins selon les domaines d'activités. </br>
L'idée étant de rassembler le maximum de compétences, afin de tisser une sorte de toile.</br>
Le projet se veut auto-construit, travaillant avec des connaisances libres et partagées.</br>
Le projet de site web, le jardin en sont des exemples, mais aussi les balades à la campagne...</br>
Informations complémentaire >
Histoire de l'asso</br>
Coopération, partenariat, financements</br>
Lien social</br>
<a href="http://www.url">lien framindmap</a>
</p>
</div>
<!-- /Intro-->
<!-- Highlights - jumbotron -->
<div class="jumbotron top-space">
<div class="container">
<h3 class="text-center thin"><a href="objectifs.html">Objectifs majeurs (prévisionnels)</a></h3>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 highlight">
<div class="h-caption"><h4><i class="fa fa-cogs fa-5"></i>Plateforme de partage</h4></div>
<div class="h-body text-center">
<p>Réunir vos projets - similaire à la création d'un blog - diffusion</br>
Appel à projets - Aides au projets</br>
Création d'une boite à outils - Tutoriels - boite à idées
Forum, Owncloud, Mumble, pod Diaspora
Streaming, VOD, Débats</br></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 highlight">
<div class="h-caption"><h4><i class="fa fa-flash fa-5"></i>Actions autonomes</h4></div>
<div class="h-body text-center">
<p>Organisation de l'asso en Pôles/Groupes (environnement/permaculture)</br>
Création de groupes de travail (jardinage en permaculture, auto-constructions, atelier cuisine, vidéo
</br>
Tutorat</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 highlight">
<div class="h-caption"><h4><i class="fa fa-heart fa-5"></i>Vivre</h4></div>
<div class="h-body text-center">
<p>La survie c'est bien, la vie c'est mieux et la vivre encore plus !
Fabrication d'une bière artisanale, restauration, composteur, éolienne, réalisation d'un court métrage, sont autants de projets réalisables, pour lesquels l'association Echos-Libres se propose de vous soutenirs dans leurs réalisation. Gaming</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-3 col-sm-6 highlight">
<div class="h-caption"><h4><i class="fa fa-smile-o fa-5"></i>Ethique</h4></div>
<div class="h-body text-center">
<p>Notion de vivre ensemble</br>
Nous essayerons d'utiliser au maximum des outils libres, non privateurs</br>
Le financement se doit d'être le plus éthique. Adhésion, financement participatif, subvention collectives... Projets de stages, Services civiques</p>
</div>
</div>
</div> <!-- /row -->
</div>
</div>
<!-- /Highlights -->
<!-- container -->
<div class="container">
<h2 class="text-center top-space"><a href="soutenir.html">Soutenir le projet</a></h2>
<br>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<h3>Nous accompagner dans nos débuts !</h3>
<p>Accès au Forum <a href="http://www.forumassoel.com/">Forum EL</a> Accès OwnCloud, groupes de travail, CR réuninons, events, lancement de l'asso ! trouver un local
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<h3>Proposer des concepts</h3>
<p>
Partagez vos sources libres, des projets similaires, tout types de solutions en adéquation avec les valeurs que vous portez.
</p>
</div>
</div> <!-- /row -->
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-6">
<h3>Votre avis nous intéresse</h3>
<p>
Yes, you can! Donnez nous vos appréciations, n'hésitez pas à nous juger !ut the <a href="http://votreavis">votreav</a>,
</p>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-6">
<h3>Promouvoir les actions solidaires au quotidien :)</h3>
<p>
Sites de dons, de partages, récupérations, recyclage des déchets organiques, ...<a href="http://actions">actions</a>,
</p>
</div>
</div> <!-- /row -->
<div class="jumbotron top-space">
<h4>input pseudo + mail</h4>
<div class="input-group input-group-lg">
<span class="input-group-addon" id="sizing-addon1">@</span>
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" aria-describedby="sizing-addon1">
</div>
<p class="text-right"><a class="btn btn-primary btn-large">Envoyer »</a></p>
</div>
</div> <!-- /container -->
<!-- Social links. @TODO: replace by link/instructions in template -->
<section id="social">
<div class="container">
<div class="wrapper clearfix">
<!-- AddThis Button BEGIN -->
<div class="addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style">
<a class="addthis_button_facebook_like" fb:like:layout="button_count"></a>
<a class="addthis_button_tweet"></a>
<a class="addthis_button_linkedin_counter"></a>
<a class="addthis_button_google_plusone" g:plusone:size="medium"></a>
</div>
<!-- AddThis Button END -->
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- /social links -->
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} | 9,168 | [
128000,
1340,
1230,
271,
1075,
571,
959,
400,
576,
21451,
43263,
32433,
2861,
3657,
405,
2150,
284,
364,
5159,
18759,
7473,
1025,
17935,
6499,
12376,
3743,
57144,
887,
429,
2025,
891,
286,
366,
614,
538,
429,
3670,
891,
394,
366,
614,
538,
429,
654,
891,
667,
366,
71,
16,
538,
429,
27152,
760,
2434,
8253,
6093,
28868,
31371,
793,
5441,
5301,
78473,
877,
524,
71,
16,
397,
667,
366,
79,
538,
429,
4681,
1074,
891,
1408,
56207,
52827,
2655,
64,
1088,
345,
667,
694,
1347,
397,
1408,
48109,
74533,
6316,
43386,
8511,
409,
60120,
11,
5019,
1208,
628,
455,
472,
294,
6,
1149,
80463,
14240,
21178,
1821,
4189,
266,
22589,
4005,
1347,
29,
3869,
1208,
38317,
294,
31109,
17536,
293,
9011,
17330,
1765,
1208,
57459,
665,
2035,
294
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
1340,
1230,
271,
1075,
571,
959,
400,
576,
21451,
43263,
32433,
2861,
3657,
405,
2150,
284,
364,
5159,
18759,
7473,
1025,
17935,
6499,
12376,
3743,
57144,
887,
429,
2025,
891,
286,
366,
614,
538,
429,
3670,
891,
394,
366,
614,
538,
429,
654,
891,
667,
366,
71,
16,
538,
429,
27152,
760,
2434,
8253,
6093,
28868,
31371,
793,
5441,
5301,
78473,
877,
524,
71,
16,
397,
667,
366,
79,
538,
429,
4681,
1074,
891,
1408,
56207,
52827,
2655,
64,
1088,
345,
667,
694,
1347,
397,
1408,
48109,
74533,
6316,
43386,
8511,
409,
60120,
11,
5019,
1208,
628,
455,
472,
294,
6,
1149,
80463,
14240,
21178,
1821,
4189,
266,
22589,
4005,
1347,
29,
3869,
1208,
38317,
294,
31109,
17536,
293,
9011,
17330,
1765,
1208,
57459,
665,
2035,
294,
-100
] |
4 - In a series circuit, which of the parameters remain constant across all circuit elements such as resistor, capacitor and inductor etcetera?
5 - If there are two bulbs connected in series and one blows out, what happens to the other bulb?
6 - What happens to the current in the series circuit if the resistance is doubled?
8 - The currents in the three branches of a parallel circuit are 3A, 4A and 5A. What is the current leaving it?
10 - What is the value of current if a 50C charge flows in a conductor over a period of 5 seconds?
12 - What is the basic law that has to be followed in order to analyze ant circuit?
14 - A 250V bulb passes a current of 0.3A. Calculate the power in the lamp.
15 - Calculate the work done in a resistor of 20 ohm carrying 5A of current in 3 hours.
16 - The SI unit of power is?
17 - Which among the following is a unit for electrical energy?
19 - Which of the following statements are true with regard to resistance?
22 - What is the unit of temperature coefficient? | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 1,155 | [
128000,
19,
482,
763,
264,
4101,
16622,
11,
902,
315,
279,
5137,
7293,
6926,
4028,
682,
16622,
5540,
1778,
439,
78736,
11,
85525,
323,
304,
36869,
5099,
1430,
64,
5380,
20,
482,
1442,
1070,
527,
1403,
54320,
8599,
304,
4101,
323,
832,
46303,
704,
11,
1148,
8741,
311,
279,
1023,
46912,
5380,
21,
482,
3639,
8741,
311,
279,
1510,
304,
279,
4101,
16622,
422,
279,
13957,
374,
35717,
5380,
23,
482,
578,
60701,
304,
279,
2380,
23962,
315,
264,
15638,
16622,
527,
220,
18,
32,
11,
220,
19,
32,
323,
220,
20,
32,
13,
3639,
374,
279,
1510,
9564,
433,
5380,
605,
482,
3639,
374,
279,
907,
315,
1510,
422,
264,
220,
1135,
34,
6900,
28555,
304,
264,
61856,
927,
264,
4261,
315,
220,
20,
6622,
5380,
717
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
19,
482,
763,
264,
4101,
16622,
11,
902,
315,
279,
5137,
7293,
6926,
4028,
682,
16622,
5540,
1778,
439,
78736,
11,
85525,
323,
304,
36869,
5099,
1430,
64,
5380,
20,
482,
1442,
1070,
527,
1403,
54320,
8599,
304,
4101,
323,
832,
46303,
704,
11,
1148,
8741,
311,
279,
1023,
46912,
5380,
21,
482,
3639,
8741,
311,
279,
1510,
304,
279,
4101,
16622,
422,
279,
13957,
374,
35717,
5380,
23,
482,
578,
60701,
304,
279,
2380,
23962,
315,
264,
15638,
16622,
527,
220,
18,
32,
11,
220,
19,
32,
323,
220,
20,
32,
13,
3639,
374,
279,
1510,
9564,
433,
5380,
605,
482,
3639,
374,
279,
907,
315,
1510,
422,
264,
220,
1135,
34,
6900,
28555,
304,
264,
61856,
927,
264,
4261,
315,
220,
20,
6622,
5380,
717,
-100
] |
Der Rathausbrunnen ist ein denkmalgeschützter Laufwasserbrunnen vor dem Rathaus in Kempten (Allgäu). Inmitten der achteckigen Brunnenschale steht eine 1601 gegossene Bronzesäule mit dem Standbild eines römischen Feldherrn.
Geschichte
Vor dem Rathaus wurde 1576 ein Marktbrunnen mit einer Brunnensäule aufgestellt. Der achteckige Brunnenkasten war damals aus Eichenholz. Das Gleiche gilt für die Säule, die noch zusätzlich mit Schnitzereien versehen, bemalt und vergoldet war. 1601 stiegen die Ansprüche. Man ersetzte die Holzkonstruktion durch ein Steinbecken. In der Mitte wurde eine 20 Zentner schwere, wohl in Kempten gegossene Bronzesäule aufgestellt.
In den Jahren 1991 bis 1993 wurde der Brunnen restauriert. Dabei veränderte man seinen Standort, indem man ihn näher am Rathaus auf ein Betonfundament stellte. Die Säule wurde aus konservatorischen Gründen durch eine Kopie ersetzt und die ursprüngliche Brunnenfigur in das Allgäu-Museum gebracht.
Beschreibung
Als Bekrönung der Säule ist die Figur eines römischen Feldherrn zu sehen, der in den Händen zwei Wappen hält. Darunter sieht man die Wappen der beiden patrizischen Bürgermeister Raimund Dorn und Josef König. Die Feldherren-Figur zeugt von der frühneuzeitlichen Rückbesinnung auf die römischen Wurzeln der Stadt. Es könnte sich wie beim Augustusbrunnen in Augsburg um ein Denkmal für einen fiktiven römischen Stadtgründer handeln.
Auf der Säule sind neben Putten auch Delfine zu sehen, die als Wasserspeier fungieren. Das schmiedeeiserne Gitter nach einem Entwurf von Adolf Leichtle (1841–1913) wurde im Jahr 1886 am Brunnenbecken angebracht.
Seit 2001 wird der Brunnen im Winter abgedeckt. Dies geschieht mit einer schützenden Vitrine, in der während des Weihnachtsmarktes Bildwerke der Oberammergauer Schnitzschule ausgestellt werden. Die acht Werke aus Lindenholz stellen die wichtigsten Stationen der Weihnachtsgeschichte dar.
Einzelnachweise
Literatur
Weblinks
Bayerisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege: Eintragung D-7-63-000-189 (Rathaus- und Marktbrunnen)
Kemp
Baudenkmal in Kempten (Allgäu)
Erbaut in den 1570er Jahren
Bronzeskulptur in Bayern
Versetztes Bauwerk in Bayern
Replik
Rezeption (römische Geschichte)
Soldatendarstellung (Bildende Kunst) | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} | 5,226 | [
128000,
22960,
86555,
12119,
1347,
359,
12778,
6127,
4466,
3453,
74,
14991,
46161,
29758,
89,
466,
5034,
1739,
86,
34858,
1347,
359,
12778,
14230,
2486,
86555,
12119,
304,
735,
21643,
268,
320,
2460,
70,
2357,
84,
570,
763,
76,
23257,
2761,
34361,
668,
377,
6569,
3320,
15278,
47845,
1604,
55483,
10021,
220,
6330,
16,
98441,
3746,
1994,
20407,
32893,
2357,
1130,
5568,
2486,
15948,
61465,
37208,
436,
86684,
18211,
50853,
71,
618,
77,
382,
38,
60478,
38447,
720,
53,
269,
2486,
86555,
12119,
27201,
220,
10895,
21,
4466,
99417,
1347,
359,
12778,
5568,
17495,
3320,
15278,
729,
2357,
1130,
7367,
7114,
33963,
13,
13031,
34361,
668,
377,
7404,
35561,
12778,
74,
561,
268,
4208,
3824,
1147,
9608,
469,
29424,
8619,
89,
13,
19537,
72497,
12333,
70599,
7328,
2815
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
22960,
86555,
12119,
1347,
359,
12778,
6127,
4466,
3453,
74,
14991,
46161,
29758,
89,
466,
5034,
1739,
86,
34858,
1347,
359,
12778,
14230,
2486,
86555,
12119,
304,
735,
21643,
268,
320,
2460,
70,
2357,
84,
570,
763,
76,
23257,
2761,
34361,
668,
377,
6569,
3320,
15278,
47845,
1604,
55483,
10021,
220,
6330,
16,
98441,
3746,
1994,
20407,
32893,
2357,
1130,
5568,
2486,
15948,
61465,
37208,
436,
86684,
18211,
50853,
71,
618,
77,
382,
38,
60478,
38447,
720,
53,
269,
2486,
86555,
12119,
27201,
220,
10895,
21,
4466,
99417,
1347,
359,
12778,
5568,
17495,
3320,
15278,
729,
2357,
1130,
7367,
7114,
33963,
13,
13031,
34361,
668,
377,
7404,
35561,
12778,
74,
561,
268,
4208,
3824,
1147,
9608,
469,
29424,
8619,
89,
13,
19537,
72497,
12333,
70599,
7328,
2815,
-100
] |
System.ArgumentException: Extension of type 'Telerik.ReportConverter.ActiveReports.ActiveReportsConverter' does not have name specified.
There doesn't seem to be any other issues as I have added "Telerik.WinControls.RadTypeResolver.Instance.ResolveTypesInCurrentAssembly = True" when the first form is initialized.
Does telerik reporting (any version) support ILMerge distribution?
If so, I have added Telerik.ReportViewer.Winforms.dll and Telerik.Reporting.dll to our ILMerge script but are there any other dependent files for telerik reporting?
Technical guidelines for assembly protection/merging are provided here: http://www.telerik.com/purchase/license-agreement/assembly-protection-guidelines.aspx. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 3,148 | [
128000,
2374,
27787,
1378,
25,
27571,
315,
955,
364,
51,
36200,
26786,
15267,
29855,
24682,
29855,
24682,
15267,
6,
1587,
539,
617,
836,
5300,
627,
3947,
3250,
956,
2873,
311,
387,
904,
1023,
4819,
439,
358,
617,
3779,
330,
51,
36200,
83556,
75490,
941,
18689,
12977,
58975,
4266,
644,
5520,
26876,
284,
3082,
1,
994,
279,
1176,
1376,
374,
17719,
627,
22186,
259,
36200,
13122,
320,
3852,
2373,
8,
1862,
358,
11237,
10286,
8141,
5380,
2746,
779,
11,
358,
617,
3779,
39946,
26786,
29371,
25722,
10008,
22990,
323,
39946,
44748,
22990,
311,
1057,
358,
11237,
10286,
5429,
719,
527,
1070,
904,
1023,
18222,
3626,
369,
259,
36200,
13122,
5380,
63326,
17959,
369,
14956,
9313,
14,
1195,
3252,
527,
3984,
1618,
25,
1795,
1129,
2185,
739,
36200,
916,
4420
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
2374,
27787,
1378,
25,
27571,
315,
955,
364,
51,
36200,
26786,
15267,
29855,
24682,
29855,
24682,
15267,
6,
1587,
539,
617,
836,
5300,
627,
3947,
3250,
956,
2873,
311,
387,
904,
1023,
4819,
439,
358,
617,
3779,
330,
51,
36200,
83556,
75490,
941,
18689,
12977,
58975,
4266,
644,
5520,
26876,
284,
3082,
1,
994,
279,
1176,
1376,
374,
17719,
627,
22186,
259,
36200,
13122,
320,
3852,
2373,
8,
1862,
358,
11237,
10286,
8141,
5380,
2746,
779,
11,
358,
617,
3779,
39946,
26786,
29371,
25722,
10008,
22990,
323,
39946,
44748,
22990,
311,
1057,
358,
11237,
10286,
5429,
719,
527,
1070,
904,
1023,
18222,
3626,
369,
259,
36200,
13122,
5380,
63326,
17959,
369,
14956,
9313,
14,
1195,
3252,
527,
3984,
1618,
25,
1795,
1129,
2185,
739,
36200,
916,
4420,
-100
] |
Loud and Luminous 2019 celebrates the contribution of contemporary women in the photographic arts in Australia. The project has been printed on Canson® Infinity Platine Fibre Rag.
The mission of Loud and Luminous is to recognise and celebrate the contribution of contemporary women in the photographic arts in Australia. The project is designed to empower the women of today and tomorrow to chase in their dreams. This year Loud and Luminous have curated over 100 Australian women artists whose work will be displayed at the Contact Sheet Gallery.
The images are printed on Canson® Infinity Platine Fibre Rag thanks to Kayell. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 9,471 | [
128000,
43,
3023,
323,
445,
10318,
788,
220,
679,
24,
49193,
279,
19035,
315,
19225,
3278,
304,
279,
70164,
19071,
304,
8494,
13,
578,
2447,
706,
1027,
17124,
389,
356,
37645,
12175,
40989,
87742,
483,
43564,
265,
51359,
627,
791,
9131,
315,
80648,
323,
445,
10318,
788,
374,
311,
44917,
323,
18890,
279,
19035,
315,
19225,
3278,
304,
279,
70164,
19071,
304,
8494,
13,
578,
2447,
374,
6319,
311,
26285,
279,
3278,
315,
3432,
323,
16986,
311,
33586,
304,
872,
19226,
13,
1115,
1060,
80648,
323,
445,
10318,
788,
617,
58732,
927,
220,
1041,
13673,
3278,
13820,
6832,
990,
690,
387,
12882,
520,
279,
9359,
28841,
19853,
627,
791,
5448,
527,
17124,
389,
356,
37645,
12175,
40989,
87742,
483,
43564,
265,
51359,
9523,
311,
31245,
616,
13,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0
] | [
43,
3023,
323,
445,
10318,
788,
220,
679,
24,
49193,
279,
19035,
315,
19225,
3278,
304,
279,
70164,
19071,
304,
8494,
13,
578,
2447,
706,
1027,
17124,
389,
356,
37645,
12175,
40989,
87742,
483,
43564,
265,
51359,
627,
791,
9131,
315,
80648,
323,
445,
10318,
788,
374,
311,
44917,
323,
18890,
279,
19035,
315,
19225,
3278,
304,
279,
70164,
19071,
304,
8494,
13,
578,
2447,
374,
6319,
311,
26285,
279,
3278,
315,
3432,
323,
16986,
311,
33586,
304,
872,
19226,
13,
1115,
1060,
80648,
323,
445,
10318,
788,
617,
58732,
927,
220,
1041,
13673,
3278,
13820,
6832,
990,
690,
387,
12882,
520,
279,
9359,
28841,
19853,
627,
791,
5448,
527,
17124,
389,
356,
37645,
12175,
40989,
87742,
483,
43564,
265,
51359,
9523,
311,
31245,
616,
13,
-100,
-100
] |
Infosys (INFY) Raised to "Hold" at Zacks Investment Research
Posted by Mickey Rousseau on Apr 21st, 2019
Daily Ratings & News for Infosys
Complete the form below to receive the latest headlines and analysts' recommendations for Infosys with our free daily email newsletter:
Zacks Investment Research upgraded shares of Infosys (NYSE:INFY) from a sell rating to a hold rating in a research report released on Wednesday morning, Zacks.com reports.
According to Zacks, "Infosys is benefiting from large deal wins and fast growing digital services. This was reflected in the fourth-quarter fiscal 2019 results. The top line was driven by strong demand for cloud, IoT, cyber plus data and analytics-related services. The company's focus on Agile Digital and AI-driven Core services is a tailwind. Higher spending on the digital, analytics, cloud, cybersecurity and other new technology domains is a key driver for Infosys. Shares have outperformed the industry in the past year. However, Infosys is suffering from an unfavorable political climate in the United States and the increasing anti-outsourcing sentiment in certain countries. Notably, higher subcontractor costs, and the company's compensation revision with a higher variable pay and incentives are weighing on margins. Further, the company's business is highly prone to the currency volatility between the Indian rupee and the U.S. dollar."
Get Infosys alerts:
Several other analysts have also recently weighed in on INFY. Investec cut Infosys from a buy rating to a hold rating in a report on Monday, April 15th. Wells Fargo & Co reissued a hold rating on shares of Infosys in a report on Friday, April 12th. Citigroup cut Infosys from a buy rating to a neutral rating in a report on Monday, April 15th. Deutsche Bank cut Infosys from a buy rating to a hold rating in a report on Monday, April 15th. Finally, Morgan Stanley cut Infosys from an overweight rating to an equal weight rating and set a $10.62 price objective for the company. in a report on Monday, April 15th. Two analysts have rated the stock with a sell rating and fifteen have given a hold rating to the company's stock. The stock presently has a consensus rating of Hold and a consensus price target of $11.26.
Shares of NYSE:INFY opened at $10.39 on Wednesday. The stock has a market cap of $45.16 billion, a price-to-earnings ratio of 19.24, a PEG ratio of 1.99 and a beta of 0.54. Infosys has a 1-year low of $8.45 and a 1-year high of $11.38.
Infosys (NYSE:INFY) last announced its quarterly earnings data on Friday, April 12th. The technology company reported $0.13 earnings per share for the quarter, hitting the Thomson Reuters' consensus estimate of $0.13. The firm had revenue of $3.06 billion during the quarter, compared to analysts' expectations of $3.04 billion. Infosys had a return on equity of 25.41% and a net margin of 18.62%. During the same period in the previous year, the business posted $0.13 EPS. On average, equities analysts anticipate that Infosys will post 0.55 earnings per share for the current fiscal year.
Several hedge funds have recently made changes to their positions in the company. Fisher Asset Management LLC increased its stake in shares of Infosys by 1.6% in the 4th quarter. Fisher Asset Management LLC now owns 41,879,875 shares of the technology company's stock valued at $398,696,000 after acquiring an additional 647,262 shares during the last quarter. Investec Asset Management LTD increased its stake in shares of Infosys by 23.1% in the 4th quarter. Investec Asset Management LTD now owns 39,628,149 shares of the technology company's stock valued at $377,260,000 after acquiring an additional 7,430,134 shares during the last quarter. Bank of New York Mellon Corp increased its stake in shares of Infosys by 1,119,378.1% in the 3rd quarter. Bank of New York Mellon Corp now owns 34,065,719 shares of the technology company's stock valued at $346,449,000 after acquiring an additional 34,062,676 shares during the last quarter. AQR Capital Management LLC increased its stake in shares of Infosys by 140.0% in the 3rd quarter. AQR Capital Management LLC now owns 25,803,860 shares of the technology company's stock valued at $262,425,000 after acquiring an additional 15,050,391 shares during the last quarter. Finally, Nordea Investment Management AB bought a new stake in shares of Infosys in the 3rd quarter valued at about $231,652,000. 17.81% of the stock is owned by institutional investors.
About Infosys
Infosys Limited, together with its subsidiaries, provides consulting, technology, and outsourcing services in North America, Europe, India, and internationally. It provides business information technology services, including application development and maintenance, independent validation, infrastructure management, and business process management services, as well as engineering services, such as engineering and life cycle solutions; and consulting and systems integration services comprising consulting, enterprise solutions, systems integration, and advanced technologies.
Featured Article: What is a Reverse Stock Split?
Get a free copy of the Zacks research report on Infosys (INFY)
Receive News & Ratings for Infosys Daily - Enter your email address below to receive a concise daily summary of the latest news and analysts' ratings for Infosys and related companies with MarketBeat.com's FREE daily email newsletter.
Phillip M. Fernandez Sells 2,000 Shares of Yext Inc (YEXT) Stock
First Financial (THFF) Cut to Sell at Zacks Investment Research | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 36 | [
128000,
39159,
1065,
320,
37509,
56,
8,
54831,
311,
330,
48527,
1,
520,
1901,
7977,
33350,
8483,
198,
17827,
555,
57659,
98989,
2933,
389,
5186,
220,
1691,
267,
11,
220,
679,
24,
198,
44653,
58065,
612,
5513,
369,
78170,
1065,
198,
12833,
279,
1376,
3770,
311,
5371,
279,
5652,
31186,
323,
31499,
6,
19075,
369,
78170,
1065,
449,
1057,
1949,
7446,
2613,
20846,
512,
57,
7977,
33350,
8483,
33624,
13551,
315,
78170,
1065,
320,
68445,
25,
37509,
56,
8,
505,
264,
4662,
10959,
311,
264,
3412,
10959,
304,
264,
3495,
1934,
6004,
389,
8079,
6693,
11,
1901,
7977,
916,
6821,
627,
11439,
311,
1901,
7977,
11,
330,
39159,
1065,
374,
84015,
505,
3544,
3568,
15160,
323,
5043,
7982,
7528,
3600,
13,
1115,
574,
27000,
304,
279,
11999,
58414
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
39159,
1065,
320,
37509,
56,
8,
54831,
311,
330,
48527,
1,
520,
1901,
7977,
33350,
8483,
198,
17827,
555,
57659,
98989,
2933,
389,
5186,
220,
1691,
267,
11,
220,
679,
24,
198,
44653,
58065,
612,
5513,
369,
78170,
1065,
198,
12833,
279,
1376,
3770,
311,
5371,
279,
5652,
31186,
323,
31499,
6,
19075,
369,
78170,
1065,
449,
1057,
1949,
7446,
2613,
20846,
512,
57,
7977,
33350,
8483,
33624,
13551,
315,
78170,
1065,
320,
68445,
25,
37509,
56,
8,
505,
264,
4662,
10959,
311,
264,
3412,
10959,
304,
264,
3495,
1934,
6004,
389,
8079,
6693,
11,
1901,
7977,
916,
6821,
627,
11439,
311,
1901,
7977,
11,
330,
39159,
1065,
374,
84015,
505,
3544,
3568,
15160,
323,
5043,
7982,
7528,
3600,
13,
1115,
574,
27000,
304,
279,
11999,
58414,
-100
] |
We normally welcome new and old buyers offers us with beneficial tips and proposals for Auto Cleaner Robot Review , Auto Cleaner Robot , Automatic VacuumCleaner Robot Reviews , dependant on the faith of expert quality & all over the world provider.
With a positive and progressive attitude to customer's interest, our enterprise continually improves our products excellent to meet the wants of customers and further focuses on safety, reliability, environmental requirements, and innovation of Auto Cleaner Robot Review , Auto Cleaner Robot , Automatic VacuumCleaner Robot Reviews , So far our merchandise have been exported to east Europe, the Middle East, Southeast Africa, and South America,, etc. We have now many years experienced sales and purchase. We honor our core principal of Honesty in business priority in service and will do our best to provide our customers with high quality items and excellent service. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 7,786 | [
128000,
1687,
14614,
10788,
502,
323,
2362,
23455,
6209,
603,
449,
24629,
10631,
323,
25243,
369,
9156,
76319,
26945,
10506,
1174,
9156,
76319,
26945,
1174,
35081,
76110,
28629,
261,
26945,
19832,
1174,
6904,
519,
389,
279,
10082,
315,
6335,
4367,
612,
682,
927,
279,
1917,
9287,
627,
2409,
264,
6928,
323,
23053,
19451,
311,
6130,
596,
2802,
11,
1057,
20790,
35611,
36050,
1057,
3956,
9250,
311,
3449,
279,
6944,
315,
6444,
323,
4726,
24400,
389,
7296,
11,
31638,
11,
12434,
8670,
11,
323,
19297,
315,
9156,
76319,
26945,
10506,
1174,
9156,
76319,
26945,
1174,
35081,
76110,
28629,
261,
26945,
19832,
1174,
2100,
3117,
1057,
36045,
617,
1027,
35990,
311,
11226,
4606,
11,
279,
12877,
6460,
11,
36664,
10384,
11,
323,
4987,
5270,
10856,
5099,
13,
1226,
617,
1457
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
1687,
14614,
10788,
502,
323,
2362,
23455,
6209,
603,
449,
24629,
10631,
323,
25243,
369,
9156,
76319,
26945,
10506,
1174,
9156,
76319,
26945,
1174,
35081,
76110,
28629,
261,
26945,
19832,
1174,
6904,
519,
389,
279,
10082,
315,
6335,
4367,
612,
682,
927,
279,
1917,
9287,
627,
2409,
264,
6928,
323,
23053,
19451,
311,
6130,
596,
2802,
11,
1057,
20790,
35611,
36050,
1057,
3956,
9250,
311,
3449,
279,
6944,
315,
6444,
323,
4726,
24400,
389,
7296,
11,
31638,
11,
12434,
8670,
11,
323,
19297,
315,
9156,
76319,
26945,
10506,
1174,
9156,
76319,
26945,
1174,
35081,
76110,
28629,
261,
26945,
19832,
1174,
2100,
3117,
1057,
36045,
617,
1027,
35990,
311,
11226,
4606,
11,
279,
12877,
6460,
11,
36664,
10384,
11,
323,
4987,
5270,
10856,
5099,
13,
1226,
617,
1457,
-100
] |
Image June 8, 2015 June 7, 2015 Eric P. I.
This issue spotlights "The Sorcerer's Assistant", aka Raitha, a woman who assists the Silver Adept. While the hero saves the world, Raitha manages her boss's schedule, answer's emails and other messages, and, in this issue, saves the world herself. In fact, in a way, Raitha helps to save the world twice over. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 2,611 | [
128000,
1945,
5651,
220,
23,
11,
220,
679,
20,
5651,
220,
22,
11,
220,
679,
20,
16645,
393,
13,
358,
627,
2028,
4360,
7858,
14146,
330,
791,
30631,
69981,
596,
22103,
498,
38241,
18989,
411,
64,
11,
264,
5333,
889,
29944,
279,
15347,
362,
41685,
13,
6104,
279,
12084,
27024,
279,
1917,
11,
18989,
411,
64,
29972,
1077,
13697,
596,
9899,
11,
4320,
596,
14633,
323,
1023,
6743,
11,
323,
11,
304,
420,
4360,
11,
27024,
279,
1917,
11937,
13,
763,
2144,
11,
304,
264,
1648,
11,
18989,
411,
64,
8779,
311,
3665,
279,
1917,
11157,
927,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
1945,
5651,
220,
23,
11,
220,
679,
20,
5651,
220,
22,
11,
220,
679,
20,
16645,
393,
13,
358,
627,
2028,
4360,
7858,
14146,
330,
791,
30631,
69981,
596,
22103,
498,
38241,
18989,
411,
64,
11,
264,
5333,
889,
29944,
279,
15347,
362,
41685,
13,
6104,
279,
12084,
27024,
279,
1917,
11,
18989,
411,
64,
29972,
1077,
13697,
596,
9899,
11,
4320,
596,
14633,
323,
1023,
6743,
11,
323,
11,
304,
420,
4360,
11,
27024,
279,
1917,
11937,
13,
763,
2144,
11,
304,
264,
1648,
11,
18989,
411,
64,
8779,
311,
3665,
279,
1917,
11157,
927,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
There'll be some live shows later this year....in the meantime, give RESOLUTION ALLEY a listen, like us on Facebook and spread the word!
I'm only 20 minutes from Maryland on the Pa side. Keep us posted as where you will be performing. Best of luck with your new band. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 2,453 | [
128000,
3947,
3358,
387,
1063,
3974,
5039,
3010,
420,
1060,
1975,
258,
279,
33953,
11,
3041,
13472,
47077,
8927,
54949,
264,
9020,
11,
1093,
603,
389,
5690,
323,
9041,
279,
3492,
4999,
40,
2846,
1193,
220,
508,
4520,
505,
23481,
389,
279,
16056,
3185,
13,
13969,
603,
8621,
439,
1405,
499,
690,
387,
16785,
13,
7252,
315,
15369,
449,
701,
502,
7200,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
3947,
3358,
387,
1063,
3974,
5039,
3010,
420,
1060,
1975,
258,
279,
33953,
11,
3041,
13472,
47077,
8927,
54949,
264,
9020,
11,
1093,
603,
389,
5690,
323,
9041,
279,
3492,
4999,
40,
2846,
1193,
220,
508,
4520,
505,
23481,
389,
279,
16056,
3185,
13,
13969,
603,
8621,
439,
1405,
499,
690,
387,
16785,
13,
7252,
315,
15369,
449,
701,
502,
7200,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
Protexin Veterinary are proud to be sponsors of the BVNA National Veterinary Nursing Week!
This year's 'National Veterinary Nursing Week' will be busier than ever as the Veterinary Nursing community celebrates 50 years of caring for the nation's pets whilst coming together to promote the profession.
The BVNA wants to encourage all veterinary nurses to promote this important milestone by educating the public about the profession and the vital role that the VN plays in practice.
There are many ways you can get involved throughout the week; by organising a sponsored dog walk, holding charity raffles, pub quizzes or even a sponsored sky-dive! Also on offer from the BVNA are three great competitions to enter with fantastic prizes up for grabs, including an Apple iPad, a digital camera, high street shopping vouchers and a Sony Touch Reader.
For more information on the event visit the VN Week Blog and you will be able to register online shortly at . Your VN Week poster and information pack will be included in the May issue of VNJ. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 5,419 | [
128000,
12705,
327,
258,
78103,
527,
12691,
311,
387,
39701,
315,
279,
41200,
7476,
5165,
78103,
46353,
10563,
4999,
2028,
1060,
596,
364,
31912,
78103,
46353,
10563,
6,
690,
387,
5951,
1291,
1109,
3596,
439,
279,
78103,
46353,
4029,
49193,
220,
1135,
1667,
315,
30598,
369,
279,
7140,
596,
26159,
24797,
5108,
3871,
311,
12192,
279,
4913,
627,
791,
41200,
7476,
6944,
311,
15253,
682,
69340,
37465,
311,
12192,
420,
3062,
43291,
555,
67805,
279,
586,
922,
279,
4913,
323,
279,
16595,
3560,
430,
279,
98607,
11335,
304,
6725,
627,
3947,
527,
1690,
5627,
499,
649,
636,
6532,
6957,
279,
2046,
26,
555,
88171,
264,
30638,
5679,
4321,
11,
10168,
23693,
436,
81635,
11,
6814,
89323,
477,
1524,
264,
30638,
13180,
1773,
535,
0,
7429,
389,
3085,
505
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
12705,
327,
258,
78103,
527,
12691,
311,
387,
39701,
315,
279,
41200,
7476,
5165,
78103,
46353,
10563,
4999,
2028,
1060,
596,
364,
31912,
78103,
46353,
10563,
6,
690,
387,
5951,
1291,
1109,
3596,
439,
279,
78103,
46353,
4029,
49193,
220,
1135,
1667,
315,
30598,
369,
279,
7140,
596,
26159,
24797,
5108,
3871,
311,
12192,
279,
4913,
627,
791,
41200,
7476,
6944,
311,
15253,
682,
69340,
37465,
311,
12192,
420,
3062,
43291,
555,
67805,
279,
586,
922,
279,
4913,
323,
279,
16595,
3560,
430,
279,
98607,
11335,
304,
6725,
627,
3947,
527,
1690,
5627,
499,
649,
636,
6532,
6957,
279,
2046,
26,
555,
88171,
264,
30638,
5679,
4321,
11,
10168,
23693,
436,
81635,
11,
6814,
89323,
477,
1524,
264,
30638,
13180,
1773,
535,
0,
7429,
389,
3085,
505,
-100
] |
For the third consecutive year, Communityler Detroit partnered with the Greening of Detroit to plant trees in blight-heavy neighborhoods throughout Detroit. This year, we helped plant more than 200 trees with a group of volunteers from all over the Metro Detroit area in a neighborhood off of the infamous 8 Mile Road. Throughout the day, the Greening of Detroit's focus on nature and bringing happiness to communities reminded us of Tyler's spirit.
At one point during the tree planting, a middle-aged woman walked out of her house while we were planting a tree outside of her front yard. Earlier, we had been told that a few residents of the neighborhood were resistant to the planting, so we were hesitant that she was going to tell us to get off of her property. Instead, she thanked us profusely for helping revive her neighborhood–which she had called home for more than 20 years–and proceeded to help us finish planting the tree. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 6,567 | [
128000,
2520,
279,
4948,
24871,
1060,
11,
12332,
1565,
20344,
53319,
449,
279,
7997,
287,
315,
20344,
311,
6136,
12690,
304,
1529,
492,
74666,
33100,
6957,
20344,
13,
1115,
1060,
11,
584,
9087,
6136,
810,
1109,
220,
1049,
12690,
449,
264,
1912,
315,
23872,
505,
682,
927,
279,
21631,
20344,
3158,
304,
264,
12818,
1022,
315,
279,
39633,
220,
23,
39697,
9728,
13,
46982,
279,
1938,
11,
279,
7997,
287,
315,
20344,
596,
5357,
389,
7138,
323,
12967,
23871,
311,
10977,
31256,
603,
315,
32320,
596,
9090,
627,
1688,
832,
1486,
2391,
279,
5021,
48114,
11,
264,
6278,
57859,
5333,
15203,
704,
315,
1077,
3838,
1418,
584,
1051,
48114,
264,
5021,
4994,
315,
1077,
4156,
20085,
13,
47993,
11,
584,
1047,
1027,
3309,
430,
264,
2478,
11062,
315
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
2520,
279,
4948,
24871,
1060,
11,
12332,
1565,
20344,
53319,
449,
279,
7997,
287,
315,
20344,
311,
6136,
12690,
304,
1529,
492,
74666,
33100,
6957,
20344,
13,
1115,
1060,
11,
584,
9087,
6136,
810,
1109,
220,
1049,
12690,
449,
264,
1912,
315,
23872,
505,
682,
927,
279,
21631,
20344,
3158,
304,
264,
12818,
1022,
315,
279,
39633,
220,
23,
39697,
9728,
13,
46982,
279,
1938,
11,
279,
7997,
287,
315,
20344,
596,
5357,
389,
7138,
323,
12967,
23871,
311,
10977,
31256,
603,
315,
32320,
596,
9090,
627,
1688,
832,
1486,
2391,
279,
5021,
48114,
11,
264,
6278,
57859,
5333,
15203,
704,
315,
1077,
3838,
1418,
584,
1051,
48114,
264,
5021,
4994,
315,
1077,
4156,
20085,
13,
47993,
11,
584,
1047,
1027,
3309,
430,
264,
2478,
11062,
315,
-100
] |
Preston man, 45, wanted by police after allegations of serious assault
Suffragette spirit of Edith Rigby whips up Preston city councillors
Preston's cherished firebrand Edith Rigby may be long gone but her spirit lives on.
Updated Friday, 14th December 2018, 2:07 pm
Edith Rigby being arrested by police in 1907
Her suffragette fever created quite a stir as councillors tussled over the political ownership of a project to bring a statue of her to the city.
At a Town Hall meeting on Thursday one Conservative party member had brought forward a motion to set up a working group see a statue of the famous figure in Preston.
Time to honour Preston suffragette Edith Rigby with statue
Leader of the council and Labour member coun Matthew Brown said: "We have got a working group already. It doesn't make sense.
"You decided to put a motion forward and take the credit from it."
It prompted coun Neil Cartwright, leader of the Conservative group, to come back accusing the Labour group of "spoilt children politics".
He said: "The whole motion was not to actually play politics. It never crossed our minds. We thought it was as nonpolitical as you can get. This is a cracking good idea. Let's do it and get on with it.
One Labour councillor then accused the Conservatives of "piggybacking on [the suffragette's] suffering" saying the party had presided over their torture.
The motion was eventually withdrawn to be re-written to be mutually agreeable.
* When the suffragette movement was at its height it was in fact the Liberal Government which was in power. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 794 | [
128000,
47,
4014,
263,
893,
11,
220,
1774,
11,
4934,
555,
4379,
1306,
18873,
315,
6129,
11965,
198,
50,
1386,
4193,
6672,
9090,
315,
3279,
411,
52632,
1729,
421,
3153,
709,
63325,
3363,
98505,
198,
47,
4014,
263,
596,
81171,
4027,
13781,
3279,
411,
52632,
1729,
1253,
387,
1317,
8208,
719,
1077,
9090,
6439,
389,
627,
16593,
6740,
11,
220,
975,
339,
6790,
220,
679,
23,
11,
220,
17,
25,
2589,
9012,
198,
2782,
411,
52632,
1729,
1694,
12800,
555,
4379,
304,
220,
7028,
22,
198,
21364,
8657,
4193,
6672,
34653,
3549,
5115,
264,
23935,
439,
98505,
259,
1892,
839,
927,
279,
5054,
15637,
315,
264,
2447,
311,
4546,
264,
35372,
315,
1077,
311,
279,
3363,
627,
1688,
264,
14298,
11166,
6574,
389,
7950,
832,
30071,
4717,
4562
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
47,
4014,
263,
893,
11,
220,
1774,
11,
4934,
555,
4379,
1306,
18873,
315,
6129,
11965,
198,
50,
1386,
4193,
6672,
9090,
315,
3279,
411,
52632,
1729,
421,
3153,
709,
63325,
3363,
98505,
198,
47,
4014,
263,
596,
81171,
4027,
13781,
3279,
411,
52632,
1729,
1253,
387,
1317,
8208,
719,
1077,
9090,
6439,
389,
627,
16593,
6740,
11,
220,
975,
339,
6790,
220,
679,
23,
11,
220,
17,
25,
2589,
9012,
198,
2782,
411,
52632,
1729,
1694,
12800,
555,
4379,
304,
220,
7028,
22,
198,
21364,
8657,
4193,
6672,
34653,
3549,
5115,
264,
23935,
439,
98505,
259,
1892,
839,
927,
279,
5054,
15637,
315,
264,
2447,
311,
4546,
264,
35372,
315,
1077,
311,
279,
3363,
627,
1688,
264,
14298,
11166,
6574,
389,
7950,
832,
30071,
4717,
4562,
-100
] |
Here is a commissioned caricature drawn recently completed by Zalo. The brief was to have the two girls looking like they have been hard at work writing a 'For Dummies' book on their laptop. The papers and coffee mugs indicate the drafts and time spent and a cameo appearance by the Dummies Man! | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 1,347 | [
128000,
8586,
374,
264,
44224,
77071,
1598,
15107,
6051,
8308,
555,
1901,
12812,
13,
578,
10015,
574,
311,
617,
279,
1403,
7724,
3411,
1093,
814,
617,
1027,
2653,
520,
990,
4477,
264,
364,
2520,
423,
50279,
6,
2363,
389,
872,
21288,
13,
578,
16064,
323,
11033,
296,
13602,
13519,
279,
64692,
323,
892,
7543,
323,
264,
95156,
11341,
555,
279,
423,
50279,
2418,
0,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
8586,
374,
264,
44224,
77071,
1598,
15107,
6051,
8308,
555,
1901,
12812,
13,
578,
10015,
574,
311,
617,
279,
1403,
7724,
3411,
1093,
814,
617,
1027,
2653,
520,
990,
4477,
264,
364,
2520,
423,
50279,
6,
2363,
389,
872,
21288,
13,
578,
16064,
323,
11033,
296,
13602,
13519,
279,
64692,
323,
892,
7543,
323,
264,
95156,
11341,
555,
279,
423,
50279,
2418,
0,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
shown in combination here pale ivory/green & deep rose mixed with buds & pink rose buds.
on a 12" 9"and 6" Wedding cake and contains 1 topper, 2 cascades and 4 single Orchids, you can of course make up your own combination with your colour theme in mind, if you wish to discuss your ideas or need help deciding please give me a call, my number and email can be found on the front of my website.
Pronounced Sim-bi'-deyum and also called Boat Orchids, this beauty has a genus of fifty two species in the Cymbidium orchid family. Derived from a Greek word meaning hole or cavity, the name refers to the base of the lip of the flower and comes in different sizes. The larger flower grows at high altitudes and generally grows in tropical and subtropical Asia in countries such as China, Japan, India, Borneo, Malaysia and the Philippines as well as northern Australia.
Today, the meanings of orchids are generally regarded as a symbolic of rare and delicate beauty. Orchids are the most popular houseplant, a top honor they share with the peace lily. Their charm and mystique delight those who receive them, for few other flowers have the ability to impress their recipient in the same way that the orchid can. Among the many different types of flowers available, the orchid holds a special place as one of the most alluring and captivating, making them a special choice for the treasured people in your life.
During the Victorian era, orchid symbolism shifted to luxury, and today this sense of magnificence and artful splendor continues, with orchids representing rare and delicate beauty. The 14th wedding anniversary flower, pink orchids convey pure affection, and the popular cattelya orchid represents mature charm.
Cutting the wedding cake is now part of the ritual celebrations at the reception. The couple make the first cut together to symbolise their shared future. Cakes have been associated with weddings throughout history. The Romans shared a cake during the wedding ceremony itself. This was not the rich fruit-cake we enjoy today. It was a plain confection made from wheat flour, salt and water. The Fijians and Some Native American tribes still incorporate cake in the wedding ceremonies. In Britain early cakes were flat and round and contained fruit and nuts which symbolise fertility. In the past the custom was to throw many small cakes over the bride in a similar way in which we throw confetti today. A modification of this custom was to crumble cake over the brides head and in some versions to break the cake over the Bride's head. In Scotland Oat Cakes were used for this purpose. This was done to promote fertility. In Yorkshire a plate holding wedding cake was thrown out of the window as the bride returned to her parental home after the wedding. If the plate broke she would enjoy a happy future with her husband but if the plate remained intact her future would be grim. Another old English custom was to place a ring in the wedding cake. The guest who found the ring in their the piece of cake would be ensured happiness for the next year. The shape of the modern three tiered iced cake is believed to have been inspired by the spire of Saint Bride's Church in the City of London. It is said that unmarried guests who place a piece of wedding cake under their pillow before sleeping will increase there prospects of finding a partner and bridesmaids who do likewise will dream of their future husbands. The top tier of the cake is often kept by couples for the christening of their first child. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 5,378 | [
128000,
70463,
304,
10824,
1618,
28639,
70916,
4951,
4542,
612,
5655,
16392,
9709,
449,
68543,
612,
18718,
16392,
68543,
627,
263,
264,
220,
717,
1,
220,
24,
1,
438,
220,
21,
1,
31917,
19692,
323,
5727,
220,
16,
311,
7067,
11,
220,
17,
76057,
3536,
323,
220,
19,
3254,
55405,
3447,
11,
499,
649,
315,
3388,
1304,
709,
701,
1866,
10824,
449,
701,
12745,
7057,
304,
4059,
11,
422,
499,
6562,
311,
4358,
701,
6848,
477,
1205,
1520,
30230,
4587,
3041,
757,
264,
1650,
11,
856,
1396,
323,
2613,
649,
387,
1766,
389,
279,
4156,
315,
856,
3997,
627,
47,
2298,
20018,
4567,
1481,
72,
25279,
451,
90752,
323,
1101,
2663,
45332,
55405,
3447,
11,
420,
13444,
706,
264,
64677,
315,
33517,
1403,
9606,
304,
279,
356,
3437
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
70463,
304,
10824,
1618,
28639,
70916,
4951,
4542,
612,
5655,
16392,
9709,
449,
68543,
612,
18718,
16392,
68543,
627,
263,
264,
220,
717,
1,
220,
24,
1,
438,
220,
21,
1,
31917,
19692,
323,
5727,
220,
16,
311,
7067,
11,
220,
17,
76057,
3536,
323,
220,
19,
3254,
55405,
3447,
11,
499,
649,
315,
3388,
1304,
709,
701,
1866,
10824,
449,
701,
12745,
7057,
304,
4059,
11,
422,
499,
6562,
311,
4358,
701,
6848,
477,
1205,
1520,
30230,
4587,
3041,
757,
264,
1650,
11,
856,
1396,
323,
2613,
649,
387,
1766,
389,
279,
4156,
315,
856,
3997,
627,
47,
2298,
20018,
4567,
1481,
72,
25279,
451,
90752,
323,
1101,
2663,
45332,
55405,
3447,
11,
420,
13444,
706,
264,
64677,
315,
33517,
1403,
9606,
304,
279,
356,
3437,
-100
] |
"Why 'Hire Slow, Fire Fast' Is A Bunch Of BS," or so says Danny Boice in a recent Fast Company article that was sent my way.
Well, it is a catch phrase, and as such, has to be catchy and over-simplified.
"Hire as quickly and carefully as you can without screwing your business objectives, and also fire as quickly as you should," is a pretty banal tweet, isn't it? BTW, hiring carefully is not the same as waiting for perfection.
I like Giff's take – awesome people and duds are easy. People who are good but not great (or as he put it, ok but not great) are hard.
They seemed awesome when outside of your walls, but inside, they are decent but not great. It is harder to fire these people fast. Is it them, or you? Perhaps they just need a bit more management attention? better feedback? time to get up the learning curve or settle in? And, since they are not a total wash, and given that everyone on the team is overstretched even with this person, it becomes hard to imagine going back to one less pair of hands.
Look, hiring a great team is hard. But perfection isn't attainable. Some things can only be determined by working together.
Hire people with a lot of context in what you do – where you share expertise on multiple levels – it makes it easier to assess their talent and understanding.
Have a process. Follow it. Improve upon it.
The larger point to me is that you have to take all of the pithy advice that sounds so good with a grain of salt. Hire Slow, Fire Fast was a nice shorthand for correcting a tendency people have to hire too optimistically and make decisions to terminate too slowly. But depending who you are, your natural tendencies might be overcautious hiring, and too quick to give up on someone and fire them. You have to assess whether you're behaving in the best interests of your firm and act (or correct) accordingly. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 9,610 | [
128000,
77955,
364,
39,
556,
39247,
11,
6785,
17737,
6,
2209,
362,
426,
3265,
5046,
28718,
1359,
477,
779,
2795,
33699,
2577,
560,
304,
264,
3293,
17737,
8351,
4652,
430,
574,
3288,
856,
1648,
627,
11649,
11,
433,
374,
264,
2339,
17571,
11,
323,
439,
1778,
11,
706,
311,
387,
86605,
323,
927,
1355,
74937,
627,
46639,
556,
439,
6288,
323,
15884,
439,
499,
649,
2085,
22733,
287,
701,
2626,
26470,
11,
323,
1101,
4027,
439,
6288,
439,
499,
1288,
1359,
374,
264,
5128,
9120,
278,
12072,
11,
4536,
956,
433,
30,
21795,
54,
11,
24009,
15884,
374,
539,
279,
1890,
439,
8748,
369,
39143,
627,
40,
1093,
480,
3168,
596,
1935,
1389,
12738,
1274,
323,
294,
29088,
527,
4228,
13,
9029,
889,
527,
1695,
719,
539,
2294
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
77955,
364,
39,
556,
39247,
11,
6785,
17737,
6,
2209,
362,
426,
3265,
5046,
28718,
1359,
477,
779,
2795,
33699,
2577,
560,
304,
264,
3293,
17737,
8351,
4652,
430,
574,
3288,
856,
1648,
627,
11649,
11,
433,
374,
264,
2339,
17571,
11,
323,
439,
1778,
11,
706,
311,
387,
86605,
323,
927,
1355,
74937,
627,
46639,
556,
439,
6288,
323,
15884,
439,
499,
649,
2085,
22733,
287,
701,
2626,
26470,
11,
323,
1101,
4027,
439,
6288,
439,
499,
1288,
1359,
374,
264,
5128,
9120,
278,
12072,
11,
4536,
956,
433,
30,
21795,
54,
11,
24009,
15884,
374,
539,
279,
1890,
439,
8748,
369,
39143,
627,
40,
1093,
480,
3168,
596,
1935,
1389,
12738,
1274,
323,
294,
29088,
527,
4228,
13,
9029,
889,
527,
1695,
719,
539,
2294,
-100
] |
McLuhan ended his Report in this way by implicating the great problem of time plural, namely, the problem of understanding the relation4 of "development and evolution" (aka "adaption"), on the one hand, to what can come only "suddenly", on the other. This was a labyrinthine question which had been raised by great minds for millennia and never solved intellectually or socially ("study and control"). McLuhan was plainly divided as to the prospects5, but knew that in either case, utter disaster or understanding at last, "we confront only ourselves".
In fact, McLuhan's lifelong enterprise might be put as the question of what is to become of human extension? Will it continue only outward to oblivion or turn back inward to what is already there, namely, the underlying prior possibility of such extension? And of its potential return?
Correction for Lasswell formula6 [Who (says) What (to) Whom (in) What Channel (with) What Effect] — not who is speaking to whom, but what is speaking to whom. Lasswell ignores the media, except speech; but obviously if a person is speaking into a P.A. system or into a radio microphone, etc., the who and the what are profoundly transformed.
Today, when the largest commodity of all is information itself, war means no longer the movement of hardware [like weapons], but of information. What had previously been "a peace time" activity within our own boundaries now becomes the major "cold-war" activity across frontiers.
Today, civil defence would seem to consist in protection against media fallout.
Media are extensions of the human senses. They modify the patterns of human association while remaining rooted in this or that sense, and these staples are not limited to any geographical area, but are co-extensive with the human family itself.
This entry was posted in Effects before causes, Exploring ignorance, Gap, Predicting the present, Propaganda, Report on Project in Understanding New Media, Senses on March 17, 2018 by McEwen. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 577 | [
128000,
26353,
50302,
10118,
9670,
813,
8423,
304,
420,
1648,
555,
92195,
1113,
279,
2294,
3575,
315,
892,
39598,
11,
32125,
11,
279,
3575,
315,
8830,
279,
12976,
19,
315,
330,
30671,
323,
15740,
1,
320,
13637,
330,
329,
10372,
4063,
389,
279,
832,
1450,
11,
311,
1148,
649,
2586,
1193,
330,
82,
44806,
498,
389,
279,
1023,
13,
1115,
574,
264,
99810,
483,
3488,
902,
1047,
1027,
9408,
555,
2294,
20663,
369,
96731,
323,
2646,
29056,
94391,
477,
40418,
3573,
56065,
323,
2585,
1865,
46707,
70986,
574,
65395,
18255,
439,
311,
279,
27949,
20,
11,
719,
7020,
430,
304,
3060,
1162,
11,
22256,
21426,
477,
8830,
520,
1566,
11,
330,
906,
17302,
1193,
13520,
23811,
644,
2144,
11,
46707,
70986,
596,
51263,
20790,
2643,
387,
2231,
439
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
26353,
50302,
10118,
9670,
813,
8423,
304,
420,
1648,
555,
92195,
1113,
279,
2294,
3575,
315,
892,
39598,
11,
32125,
11,
279,
3575,
315,
8830,
279,
12976,
19,
315,
330,
30671,
323,
15740,
1,
320,
13637,
330,
329,
10372,
4063,
389,
279,
832,
1450,
11,
311,
1148,
649,
2586,
1193,
330,
82,
44806,
498,
389,
279,
1023,
13,
1115,
574,
264,
99810,
483,
3488,
902,
1047,
1027,
9408,
555,
2294,
20663,
369,
96731,
323,
2646,
29056,
94391,
477,
40418,
3573,
56065,
323,
2585,
1865,
46707,
70986,
574,
65395,
18255,
439,
311,
279,
27949,
20,
11,
719,
7020,
430,
304,
3060,
1162,
11,
22256,
21426,
477,
8830,
520,
1566,
11,
330,
906,
17302,
1193,
13520,
23811,
644,
2144,
11,
46707,
70986,
596,
51263,
20790,
2643,
387,
2231,
439,
-100
] |
Here is just a quick update about the new and upcoming products. I know that I a lot of readers like this format…So here we go.
First of all there are three new shades of lipsticks (£25) and nail polishes (£18) from Chanel which were created for Fashion Night Out but you can now get them in Harrods, Selfridges Manchester Exchange, House of Fraser Glasgow, John Lewis W1 and Fenwick Newcastle.
LA PROVOCANTE & PROVOCATION: a unique autumn plum shade.
L'INFIDÈLE & INFIDÈLE: an intense pink with a burst of energy.
LA DÉLICATE & DÉLICATESSE: a refined expression of beige to play on the natural side of sophistication.
If you are interested in Givenchy Christmas collection 2012 – Contes de Noёl, take a look here. I will have to check out the face powder/blush when the collection is out.
butter LONDON released a very beautiful new shade called Fishwife which is a holographic turquoise and sage. Unfortunately, it is available only in the USA so far.
Besides the Armani new foundation, there is a new Maestro Fusion concealer which is out now and retails for £26.
And here is a preview of Guerlain's Christmas 2012, Liu.
Of course, these are not all the beauty news, so stay tuned for more!
Previous articleHourglass Cosmetics: Get The Look For Imitation of Christ SS13.
I also the face compact design, reminds me of the Givenchy bags and I really want one, agree about the bL nail polish. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 9,184 | [
128000,
8586,
374,
1120,
264,
4062,
2713,
922,
279,
502,
323,
14827,
3956,
13,
358,
1440,
430,
358,
264,
2763,
315,
13016,
1093,
420,
3645,
1981,
4516,
1618,
584,
733,
627,
5451,
315,
682,
1070,
527,
2380,
502,
37199,
315,
19588,
70045,
54915,
914,
8,
323,
32095,
1499,
21168,
54915,
972,
8,
505,
91472,
902,
1051,
3549,
369,
31700,
13120,
4470,
719,
499,
649,
1457,
636,
1124,
304,
5340,
299,
5469,
11,
10323,
1907,
4282,
19922,
19224,
11,
4783,
315,
56230,
43997,
11,
3842,
21256,
468,
16,
323,
45406,
21878,
44226,
627,
18326,
5421,
53,
7767,
94418,
612,
5421,
53,
7767,
3579,
25,
264,
5016,
42774,
42272,
28601,
627,
43,
6,
37509,
926,
112638,
877,
612,
36072,
926,
112638,
877,
25,
459,
19428,
18718,
449,
264,
21165,
315
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
8586,
374,
1120,
264,
4062,
2713,
922,
279,
502,
323,
14827,
3956,
13,
358,
1440,
430,
358,
264,
2763,
315,
13016,
1093,
420,
3645,
1981,
4516,
1618,
584,
733,
627,
5451,
315,
682,
1070,
527,
2380,
502,
37199,
315,
19588,
70045,
54915,
914,
8,
323,
32095,
1499,
21168,
54915,
972,
8,
505,
91472,
902,
1051,
3549,
369,
31700,
13120,
4470,
719,
499,
649,
1457,
636,
1124,
304,
5340,
299,
5469,
11,
10323,
1907,
4282,
19922,
19224,
11,
4783,
315,
56230,
43997,
11,
3842,
21256,
468,
16,
323,
45406,
21878,
44226,
627,
18326,
5421,
53,
7767,
94418,
612,
5421,
53,
7767,
3579,
25,
264,
5016,
42774,
42272,
28601,
627,
43,
6,
37509,
926,
112638,
877,
612,
36072,
926,
112638,
877,
25,
459,
19428,
18718,
449,
264,
21165,
315,
-100
] |
The Royal Liverpool Philharmonic has submitted a planning application to Liverpool City Council for its proposed £12 million refurbishment of the Grade II* listed Liverpool Philharmonic Hall in the heart of the city.
Architects Caruso St. John has developed the designs for the 1939 concert hall, which include improvements to front of house areas and facilities for all visitors and participants including the foyer, box office, bars and catering, toilets and lift access to all levels of the building. There will also be rebuilding and improving of the stage and choir performance areas in the auditorium and a new warm-up, practice and backstage facilities for resident and visiting musicians and artists.
Liverpool Philharmonic has been seeking to secure the necessary public investment for the refurbishment of the Hall, including a further £7.5 million investment from ACE. ACE will make a decision on Liverpool Philharmonic's Stage Two application to its Capital Grants programme by June.
Subject to making a successful planning application and securing the required investment for the refurbishment, Liverpool Philharmonic will commence works to the Hall in Spring 2014, with the venue undergoing a period of closure until the end of October 2014. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 6,377 | [
128000,
791,
16591,
25715,
7302,
13279,
74689,
706,
14976,
264,
9293,
3851,
311,
25715,
4409,
9251,
369,
1202,
11223,
7083,
717,
3610,
56756,
16409,
315,
279,
24749,
8105,
9,
10212,
25715,
7302,
13279,
74689,
11166,
304,
279,
4851,
315,
279,
3363,
627,
19249,
8525,
82,
3341,
47535,
800,
13,
3842,
706,
8040,
279,
14769,
369,
279,
220,
7285,
24,
21497,
14321,
11,
902,
2997,
18637,
311,
4156,
315,
3838,
5789,
323,
13077,
369,
682,
15613,
323,
13324,
2737,
279,
100016,
11,
3830,
5274,
11,
16283,
323,
54929,
11,
63287,
323,
12157,
2680,
311,
682,
5990,
315,
279,
4857,
13,
2684,
690,
1101,
387,
56228,
323,
18899,
315,
279,
6566,
323,
71708,
5178,
5789,
304,
279,
54406,
2411,
323,
264,
502,
8369,
5352,
11,
6725,
323,
90825,
13077,
369
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
791,
16591,
25715,
7302,
13279,
74689,
706,
14976,
264,
9293,
3851,
311,
25715,
4409,
9251,
369,
1202,
11223,
7083,
717,
3610,
56756,
16409,
315,
279,
24749,
8105,
9,
10212,
25715,
7302,
13279,
74689,
11166,
304,
279,
4851,
315,
279,
3363,
627,
19249,
8525,
82,
3341,
47535,
800,
13,
3842,
706,
8040,
279,
14769,
369,
279,
220,
7285,
24,
21497,
14321,
11,
902,
2997,
18637,
311,
4156,
315,
3838,
5789,
323,
13077,
369,
682,
15613,
323,
13324,
2737,
279,
100016,
11,
3830,
5274,
11,
16283,
323,
54929,
11,
63287,
323,
12157,
2680,
311,
682,
5990,
315,
279,
4857,
13,
2684,
690,
1101,
387,
56228,
323,
18899,
315,
279,
6566,
323,
71708,
5178,
5789,
304,
279,
54406,
2411,
323,
264,
502,
8369,
5352,
11,
6725,
323,
90825,
13077,
369,
-100
] |
This is what happens when you have to write 15,000 words in a matter of weeks. Better late than never though eh? Here's a round up of my favourite singles from April. And seeing as though there was a general election in the UK a couple of days back, I offer you a political funny below. An oldie but a goody. Music chat begins thereafter.
It's a good thing that the Peter Serafinowicz-directed video for 'I Feel Better' is amazing because I can't for the life of me find a streamable offering for the single version. Hot Chip at their danceable best. "Cancer Jesus FTW!!!"? Single of the month.
I saw Friendship at last year's Offset Festival. They were absolute cack. Seriously, one of the most shambolically terrible bands I've ever seen. But 'Lifeguard' is fantastic fun. Effervescent, hyperactive, bouncy, and more variations on that theme. It actually makes me want to jump into a sweaty moshpit. Also, actually a split single with Die!Die!Die!, who were contrastingly brilliant live at Offset 2009.
Credit to Kate Nash for creating an enjoyable song out of those Crazy Frog adverts. Like a more angsty version of The Pipettes. Especially in the video. Bonus points for use of brass too.
"It was September home for logic. It was September, this is attack music." Sinister is the word that perhaps best encapsulates 'Attack Music' by These New Puritans, one of Britain's most progressive and fascinating bands going. That beat. Those back vocals. Scarily good and an outstanding highlight from the acclaimed second album 'Hidden'.
I'm not so hot on re-releases but after bigging up the Clock Opera remix of 'I Am Not A Robot', I feel like I should talk more about Marina. But then you already know all about her. "Better to be hated than loved for what you're not" is pretty much my mantra.
Another great release from the consistently ace label Young & Lost Club, this reminds me a bit of 'Anyone Else But You' by the Moldy Peaches but is much more reminiscent of Noah & The Whale. Which turns out to be pretty apt seeing as 'Falling Into Love' features a couple of members of that band. A campfire singalong.
Just when you thought it might be a good idea for We Are Scientists to go full time with their hilarious japes, they come back with something that warrants a furthering of their musical career. Mostly sticking to the old formula, another jittery and exciting number from those pesky Americans.
Not quite on par with the material from 'A Balloon Called Moaning' but a tasty teaser of the forthcoming album (proper) from the three piece. Less shoegaze-y and more rifftastic, with Ritzy's hypnotic vocals still leading the way. Haven't the foggiest what 'Popinjay' is actually about though.
Honestly, in this increasingly digital age, it confuses me when a band gives away a song for free then releases it as a single later. But seeing as 'The Way My Heartbeat' was good enough for my Festive Fifty of 2009 when it was a free download, I might as well bring your attention to it here too as a cursory footnote. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 2,664 | [
128000,
2028,
374,
1148,
8741,
994,
499,
617,
311,
3350,
220,
868,
11,
931,
4339,
304,
264,
5030,
315,
5672,
13,
24327,
3389,
1109,
2646,
3582,
36346,
30,
5810,
596,
264,
4883,
709,
315,
856,
19214,
17845,
505,
5936,
13,
1628,
9298,
439,
3582,
1070,
574,
264,
4689,
6355,
304,
279,
6560,
264,
5743,
315,
2919,
1203,
11,
358,
3085,
499,
264,
5054,
15526,
3770,
13,
1556,
2362,
648,
719,
264,
733,
1094,
13,
10948,
6369,
12302,
46095,
627,
2181,
596,
264,
1695,
3245,
430,
279,
11291,
328,
2473,
5589,
363,
53322,
86855,
2835,
369,
364,
40,
32833,
24327,
6,
374,
8056,
1606,
358,
649,
956,
369,
279,
2324,
315,
757,
1505,
264,
4365,
481,
10209,
369,
279,
3254,
2373,
13,
8166,
32013,
520,
872,
15612,
481,
1888
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
2028,
374,
1148,
8741,
994,
499,
617,
311,
3350,
220,
868,
11,
931,
4339,
304,
264,
5030,
315,
5672,
13,
24327,
3389,
1109,
2646,
3582,
36346,
30,
5810,
596,
264,
4883,
709,
315,
856,
19214,
17845,
505,
5936,
13,
1628,
9298,
439,
3582,
1070,
574,
264,
4689,
6355,
304,
279,
6560,
264,
5743,
315,
2919,
1203,
11,
358,
3085,
499,
264,
5054,
15526,
3770,
13,
1556,
2362,
648,
719,
264,
733,
1094,
13,
10948,
6369,
12302,
46095,
627,
2181,
596,
264,
1695,
3245,
430,
279,
11291,
328,
2473,
5589,
363,
53322,
86855,
2835,
369,
364,
40,
32833,
24327,
6,
374,
8056,
1606,
358,
649,
956,
369,
279,
2324,
315,
757,
1505,
264,
4365,
481,
10209,
369,
279,
3254,
2373,
13,
8166,
32013,
520,
872,
15612,
481,
1888,
-100
] |
This weapon was used in the 1941 Light Rifle trials. Based around the well proven .45 ACP submachine gun, its improvements are the magazine insert and position of the stock to increase accuracy. Also to mention it has the same quick barrel change as the German MG42. The Thompson Light Rifle was a reliable platform but may have been better off chambered in a more powerful rifle round. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 1,224 | [
128000,
2028,
10500,
574,
1511,
304,
279,
220,
6393,
16,
8828,
48138,
19622,
13,
20817,
2212,
279,
1664,
17033,
662,
1774,
362,
7269,
1207,
33156,
6166,
11,
1202,
18637,
527,
279,
14756,
5774,
323,
2361,
315,
279,
5708,
311,
5376,
13708,
13,
7429,
311,
6420,
433,
706,
279,
1890,
4062,
20929,
2349,
439,
279,
6063,
52292,
2983,
13,
578,
26224,
8828,
48138,
574,
264,
15062,
5452,
719,
1253,
617,
1027,
2731,
1022,
25199,
291,
304,
264,
810,
8147,
29232,
4883,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
2028,
10500,
574,
1511,
304,
279,
220,
6393,
16,
8828,
48138,
19622,
13,
20817,
2212,
279,
1664,
17033,
662,
1774,
362,
7269,
1207,
33156,
6166,
11,
1202,
18637,
527,
279,
14756,
5774,
323,
2361,
315,
279,
5708,
311,
5376,
13708,
13,
7429,
311,
6420,
433,
706,
279,
1890,
4062,
20929,
2349,
439,
279,
6063,
52292,
2983,
13,
578,
26224,
8828,
48138,
574,
264,
15062,
5452,
719,
1253,
617,
1027,
2731,
1022,
25199,
291,
304,
264,
810,
8147,
29232,
4883,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
Decorative cosmetics for makeup. close up.
Group decorative cosmetics for makeup. Still life.
Concealers closeup.Set of decorative cosmetics for makeup, for contouring the face.
Decorative cosmetics for stylish makeup. Fashion make up essentials and blank paper sheet, blue wooden background.
Decorative cosmetics for makeup. Isolated. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 9,764 | [
128000,
36327,
1413,
66065,
369,
27649,
13,
3345,
709,
627,
2878,
46536,
66065,
369,
27649,
13,
16782,
2324,
627,
1128,
346,
56885,
3345,
455,
4296,
315,
46536,
66065,
369,
27649,
11,
369,
42533,
287,
279,
3663,
627,
36327,
1413,
66065,
369,
32461,
27649,
13,
31700,
1304,
709,
59886,
323,
10321,
5684,
11071,
11,
6437,
23162,
4092,
627,
36327,
1413,
66065,
369,
27649,
13,
2209,
81619,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
36327,
1413,
66065,
369,
27649,
13,
3345,
709,
627,
2878,
46536,
66065,
369,
27649,
13,
16782,
2324,
627,
1128,
346,
56885,
3345,
455,
4296,
315,
46536,
66065,
369,
27649,
11,
369,
42533,
287,
279,
3663,
627,
36327,
1413,
66065,
369,
32461,
27649,
13,
31700,
1304,
709,
59886,
323,
10321,
5684,
11071,
11,
6437,
23162,
4092,
627,
36327,
1413,
66065,
369,
27649,
13,
2209,
81619,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
424(B)(4)
Filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(4)
Registration No. 333-226822
160,000,000 American Depositary Shares
Representing 160,000,000 Class A Ordinary Shares
NIO Inc. is offering 160,000,000 American depositary shares, or ADSs. This is our initial public offering and no public market exists for our ADSs or ordinary shares. Each ADS represents one Class A ordinary share, par value US$0.00025 per share.
The ADSs have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "NIO."
We are an "emerging growth company" under applicable U.S. federal securities laws and are eligible for reduced public company reporting requirements.
Investing in our ADSs involves risks. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page 14.
PRICE US$6.26 PER ADS
Commissions(1)
Proceeds to us
Per ADS
US$6.26 US$0.2504 US$6.0096
US$1,001,600,000 US$40,064,000 US$961,536,000
See "Underwriting" beginning on page 205 of this prospectus for a description of the compensation payable to the underwriters.
We have granted the underwriters the right to purchase up to an additional 24,000,000 ADSs to cover over-allotments at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions.
Neither the United States Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities, or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Following the completion of this offering, our outstanding share capital will consist of Class A ordinary shares, Class B ordinary shares and Class C ordinary shares. Mr. Bin Li, our chairman and chief executive officer, together with his affiliates, will beneficially own all of our issued Class C ordinary shares and will be able to exercise approximately 48.3% of the total voting power of our issued and outstanding share capital immediately following the completion of this offering, assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. The Tencent entities (as defined herein) will beneficially own all of our issued Class B ordinary shares and will be able to exercise approximately 21.7% of the total voting power of our issued and outstanding share capital immediately following the completion of this offering, assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. Holders of Class A ordinary shares, Class B ordinary shares and Class C ordinary shares have the same rights other than voting and conversion rights. Each holder of Class A ordinary shares is entitled to one vote per share, each holder of our Class B ordinary shares is entitled to four votes per share and each holder of our Class C ordinary shares is entitled to eight votes per share on all matters submitted to them for a vote. Our Class A ordinary shares, Class B ordinary shares and Class C ordinary shares vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, except as may otherwise be required by law. Each Class B ordinary share and Class C ordinary share is convertible into one Class A ordinary share, whereas Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares or Class C ordinary shares under any circumstances.
Certain existing principal shareholders and their affiliates subscribed for, and have been allocated by the underwriters, an aggregate of 6,050,000 ADSs in this offering at the initial public offering price and on the same terms as the other ADSs being offered, representing approximately 3.8% of the ADSs being offered in this offering, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. The underwriters will receive the same underwriting discounts and commissions on any ADSs purchased by these parties as they will on any other ADSs sold to the public in this offering. For additional information, see "Underwriting."
The underwriters expect to deliver the ADSs to purchasers on September 14, 2018.
Morgan Stanley Goldman Sachs (Asia) L.L.C. J.P. Morgan
BofA Merrill
UBS Investment
Wolfe Capital Markets and Advisory
Letter from Bin Li
Prospectus Summary
Summary Consolidated Financial Data
Exchange Rate Information
Enforceability of Civil Liabilities
Corporate History and Structure
Selected Consolidated Financial Data
Principal Shareholders
Description of Share Capital
Description of American Depositary Shares
Shares Eligible for Future Sale
Expenses Related to this Offering
Where You Can Find Additional Information
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or in any related free writing prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus or in any related free writing prospectus. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, the ADSs, only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of the ADSs.
We have not taken any action to permit a public offering of the ADSs outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to the offering of the ADSs and the distribution of the prospectus outside the United States.
Until October 6, 2018 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that buy, sell or trade ADSs, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the obligation of dealers to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
Dear Investors,
NIO, which translates to "Blue Sky Coming" in its Chinese name, originated from our vision of a future filled with blue skies. We believe that improved smart electric car technologies, coupled with better experience of car ownership, will drive increased appreciation and adoption of smart electric cars, leading to the fulfillment of our vision of blue skies and a more sustainable future for our planet.
NIO was founded at a time when the world has been experiencing what may be the most significant technological change in the more than 100 years' of development of the automotive industry. Increasingly sophisticated technologies such as autonomous driving, electric car technology, artificial intelligence, and cloud services are reshaping the automotive industry. We believe that these innovative technologies will not only relieve drivers from the monotony of their daily commutes, but also make cars safer and more environmentally friendly and transform the car into a mobile living space, ultimately becoming a broader part of a user's lifestyle. We believe that technological advances will reignite enthusiasm and passion toward automobiles.
Witnessing this time of technological change in the automotive industry, NIO's founding investors and management team decided to participate as a driving and leading force. As a global start-up, thousands of our colleagues in China, the U.S. and Europe have made great achievements over the past three years that we are very proud of. We were the title sponsor for the Drivers' Championship winning team in the inaugural FIA Formula E season in 2015; our EP9 supercar broke the record as the fastest all-electric car at the Nürburgring Nordschleife "Green Hell" track in Germany in May 2017; we launched our first volume manufactured vehicle, a high-performance and intelligent electric SUV, the ES8, and are currently scaling up deliveries to users; and we have developed our NIO Pilot ADAS system and NOMI assistant, showcasing our application of the latest automated assisted driving and artificial intelligence technologies in mass-production cars. Our team is not only visionary in its technological development, but also has the ability to execute on our vision and turn it into reality through strong execution.
Product excellence is just the beginning for NIO. What users want is a holistic experience exceeding expectations. We expect that the ownership of cars will be redefined by a new experience with respect to cars, services, digital connections and the experience beyond the car. Technological advances will not only reshape automotive products, but also connect cars, smart devices, infrastructure, service providers and users, making a more efficient and innovative user experience possible. Making use of this architectural framework, NIO offers one-stop care-free services to users. NIO Power aspires to provide convenient electric charging services so that eventually users may enjoy a level of convenience similar to or better than fuel charging, and NIO Service is designed to free users from hassles related to insurance, repair, and general car usage. We provide outstanding in-car software and connectivity systems, and also connect cars, services and users with our NIO mobile application efficiently and cohesively. Our NIO Life offers distinct accessories and merchandise. We collaborate with Tencent to deliver a high quality in-car music streaming experience, and partner with JD.com for delivery services directly to and from our cars. Our objective is not just to provide care-free services, but more importantly to shape a joyful lifestyle with users.
Technological advances enable us to offer excellent products and services and also to streamline connections between us and users as well as among users. We aim to develop NIO into a community starting with cars and growing with our users. Through our NIO mobile application, hundreds of thousands of people are connecting with each other or sharing moments, while our NIO Houses offline have become an increasingly popular destination to gather and share for our users. Our innovative NIO Day, among other NIO events, was well received by our users. Through these interactive experiences, we are building trust and providing unique experiences to our users, and NIO, as a community, is gaining increasing vibrancy.
Our users' passion and support has inspired me to think further about creating a deeper connection between NIO and our users. After long and careful consideration, I plan to transfer 50 million NIO shares beneficially owned by me, which account for approximately one third of all my beneficially owned NIO shares, to a trust at an appropriate time in the future. While I will retain the voting rights of the shares to be transferred to the trust, I will let NIO users discuss and propose how to use the economic benefits from these shares, through certain mechanisms to be implemented in the future. I believe this trust arrangement further advances NIO's pursuit of our original aspiration of becoming a user enterprise and will also deepen our relationship with users. I also believe NIO users, shareholders, employees, and partners will all benefit from this arrangement in the long run.
To deliver superb products, an experience beyond expectations, and create a harmonious and vibrant community, we need good values to motivate and unite our teams around the world. In the early days of NIO, my colleagues from all over the world went through a series of discussions and came up with the following corporate values for our company:
Honesty: We value truthfulness, integrity and clarity in everything we do. This allows us to be open, be sincere and share our thoughts openly with our stakeholders.
Care: We are deeply passionate about what we do. We strive to build strong, natural relationships that last, and we want this spark to energize everyone around us, which enables us to enjoy our journey together. We care, listen, and share our thoughts because we treat each of our users as if the user were ourselves.
Vision: We go where others will not – fundamentally disrupting the industry with the aim of creating value for our users. We think big and visualize opportunities by embracing new ways of thinking, working and communicating.
Action: We are empowered to act – doing only what we believe in and building trust by executing on our vision. We move quickly and with purpose – actively anticipating the needs of our users and creating opportunities for our business.
Since our inception, these values have helped us overcome challenges in team integration, make more users trust us as a visionary and reliable friend, and earn the trust of our shareholders and full support from our partners. I believe these values will guide us throughout our growth path in the future.
The automobile has been one of the most important products in people's lives for more than a century. As we look to the future, innovative technologies will bring to us better experiences, higher satisfaction and expanded possibilities. Despite potential challenges that we may face, I believe future cars will make the world a better place. It is an honor for NIO to participate in the automobile industry transformation. We look forward to driving onto this new journey with you.
Bin Li
Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
The following summary is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, the more detailed information and financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. In addition to this summary, we urge you to read the entire prospectus carefully, especially the risks of investing in our ADSs discussed under "Risk Factors," before deciding whether to invest in our ADSs. This prospectus contains information from an industry report commissioned by us and prepared by Frost & Sullivan, an independent research firm, to provide information regarding our industry and our market position in China and globally. We refer to this report as the "Frost & Sullivan Report."
Our mission is to shape a joyful lifestyle by offering premium smart electric vehicles and being the best user enterprise.
We are a pioneer in China's premium electric vehicle market. We design, jointly manufacture, and sell smart and connected premium electric vehicles, driving innovations in next generation technologies in connectivity, autonomous driving and artificial intelligence. Redefining user experience, we aim to provide users with comprehensive, convenient and innovative charging solutions and other user-centric service offerings. Our Chinese name, Weilai ( ), which means Blue Sky Coming, reflects our commitment to a more environmentally friendly future.
The first model we developed was the EP9 supercar, introduced in 2016. The EP9 set a world record as the then fastest all-electric car on the track at the Nürburgring Nordschleife "Green Hell" track in Germany in May 2017, finishing a lap in 6 minutes and 45.90 seconds. Combined with an attractive design and strong driving performance, the EP9 delivers extraordinary acceleration and best-in-class electric powertrain technology, helping position us as a premium brand.
We launched our first volume manufactured electric vehicle, the ES8, to the public at our NIO Day event on December 16, 2017 and began making deliveries to users on June 28, 2018. The ES8 is a 7-seater all aluminum alloy body, premium electric SUV that offers exceptional performance, functionality and mobility lifestyle. It is equipped with our proprietary electric powertrain system, which is capable of accelerating from zero to 100 km per hour in 4.4 seconds and delivering a New European Driving Cycle, or NEDC, driving range of up to 355 km and a maximum range of up to 500 km in a single charge. As of August 31, 2018, we had delivered 1,602 ES8s and had unfulfilled reservations for 15,778 ES8s with deposits. Of these reservations, 6,201 consisted of reservations for which non-refundable RMB45,000 deposits had been made and 9,577 consisted of reservations for which only an initial fully refundable deposit of RMB5,000 had been made. Upon signing of a purchase agreement, which is required prior to a vehicle entering into production, the initial RMB5,000 deposit becomes non-refundable and the user must pay an additional RMB40,000 non-refundable deposit.
We plan to launch our second volume manufactured electric vehicle, the ES6, by the end of 2018 and start initial deliveries in the first half of 2019. The ES6 is a 5-seater, high-performance premium electric SUV, set at a lower price point than the ES8 to target a broader customer base.
We aim to create the most worry-free experience for our users, online or offline, at home or on-the-go. In response to common concerns over the accessibility and convenience of EV charging, we offer a comprehensive, convenient and innovative suite of charging solutions. These solutions include Power Home, our home charging
solution, Power Swap, our innovative battery swapping service, Power Mobile, our mobile charging service through charging trucks, and Power Express, our 24-hour on-demand pick-up and drop-off charging service. In addition, our vehicles are compatible with China's national charging standards and have access to a nationwide publicly accessible charging network of over 214,000 public charging piles, 59.6% of which are superchargers. Beyond charging solutions, we offer comprehensive value-added services to our users, such as statutory and third-party liability insurance and car damage insurance through third-party insurers, repair and routine maintenance services, courtesy car during lengthy repairs and maintenance, nationwide roadside assistance, as well as an enhanced data package. We believe these solutions and services, together, will create a holistic user experience throughout the vehicle lifecycle.
The electric powertrain technologies we developed for the EP9 set the technological foundation for the development of our vehicles, from the ES8, to the planned ES6 and to other future models. Our electric powertrain consists of three key sub-systems: an electric drive system, or EDS, an energy storage system, or ESS, and a vehicle intelligence control system, or VIS. Our electric powertrain reflects our cutting-edge proprietary technologies and visionary engineering in our EV design.
We are a pioneer in automotive smart connectivity and enhanced Level 2 autonomous driving. NOMI, which we believe is one of the most advanced in-car AI assistants developed by a Chinese company, is a voice activated AI digital companion that personalizes the user's driving experience. NIO Pilot, our proprietary enhanced Level 2 ADAS system, is enabled by 23 sensors and equipped with the Mobileye EyeQ®4 ADAS processor, which is eight times more powerful than its predecessor.
We have significant in-house capabilities in the design and engineering of electric vehicles, electric vehicle components and software systems. We have strategically located our teams in locations where we believe we have access to the best talent. Our strong design, engineering and research and development capabilities enable us to launch smart and connected premium electric vehicles that are customized for, and thus appealing to, Chinese consumers. In addition, our research and development efforts also have resulted in an extensive intellectual property portfolio that we believe differentiates us from our competitors.
We adopt an innovative sales model compared to incumbent automobile manufacturers. We sell our vehicles through our own sales network, including NIO Houses and our mobile application. NIO Houses are not only the showrooms for our vehicles, but also clubhouses for our users with multiple social functions. Prospective users can place orders using our mobile application and more importantly, our mobile application fosters a dynamic and interactive online platform. We believe our online and offline integrated community which is developing from our NIO Houses and mobile application will retain user engagement and cultivate loyalty to our brand, along with other successful branding activities such as our annual NIO Day and our Drivers' Championship winning Formula E team.
Reservations, Production and Delivery
We began making deliveries of our first volume manufactured vehicle, the ES8, to users on June 28, 2018. The table below sets forth certain operating data up to August 31, 2018.
2018(1) July
2018(1) August
Unfulfilled reservations with non-refundable deposits (total as of the end of the period)
ES8s produced for the period
ES8s delivered for the period
Reservation data is provided as of the month end for June, July and August 2018. Deliveries for June represent deliveries for the period from June 28, 2018 (being the date we began making deliveries of the ES8 to the public) through June 30, 2018.
China is the world's largest passenger vehicle market. The premium segment in this largest market continues to take market share from the entry and mid-range segments, and is expected to continue to grow at a compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, of 12.4% from 2017 to 2022, according to Frost & Sullivan. The SUV segment in China is also expected to outpace industry growth for the next five years, reaching 16.9 million units in 2022, representing a CAGR of 9.4% during the same period.
China is also the largest new energy vehicle, or NEV, market in the world and continues to account for more than half of global battery electric vehicle, or BEV, sales. China's BEV sales are expected to experience more than 40% annualized growth until 2022, according to Frost & Sullivan. We are targeting the premium BEV segment in order to take advantage of the growth opportunities in that segment and our first two vehicles, ES8 and ES6, specifically target the premium SUV segment.
China is a clear leader in the global NEV market and notably skewed to BEVs
The Chinese NEV market benefits from favorable policies and strong government support. China's NEV market has outperformed the global NEV market significantly, growing at a CAGR of 141.5% from approximately 21.8 thousand units in 2013 to 741.9 thousand units in 2017, according to Frost & Sullivan. During the same period, global NEV sales recorded a CAGR of 16.2%. China is expected to continue to lead the growth of the global NEV market, reaching 3.6 million units in 2022, growing at a CAGR of 37.1% from 2017 to 2022.
NEVs generally include three types: BEVs, hybrid electric vehicles, or HEVs, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, or PHEVs. Among these, the BEV is considered the most eco-friendly as a zero emission solution. Recognizing these benefits, the Chinese government favors BEVs to other NEVs and provides BEVs greater incentives. With battery technology improving and charging network expanding, consumer concern over driving range has also lessened, which is another factor contributing to the BEV market growth.
As a result, BEVs have witnessed the fastest growth among all NEV types in the past five years, growing from 13 thousand units in 2013 to 476 thousand units in 2017 at a CAGR of 147.9% in China, as compared to 68.2% in the global market. China had the highest share of BEVs as percentage of NEVs at 64.1% as compared to 27.3 % for the global market in 2017. China has become the largest BEV market globally, accounting for approximately 54.3% of the overall global BEV market in 2017. Frost & Sullivan predicts that over 2.6 million BEVs are expected to be sold in China in 2022, accounting for 64.6% of the global BEV market. During the period from 2017 to 2022, the sales volume of BEVs is expected to grow at a CAGR of 40.8% in China.
Largely unserved premium EV market in China
Among the top 10 BEV brands with the highest sales volumes in 2017, only Tesla was in the premium segment, while the other nine brands were in the entry segment and the average prices post subsidies of those other nine brands were all below RMB170,000, representing a largely unserved premium EV market in China. The following chart shows the China BEV SUV market landscape:
(1) Manufacturer suggested retail price pre subsidies
Source: Frost & Sullivan Report
As the above chart indicates, the ES8 boasts price advantages over the imported premium models, such as Tesla Model X due to cost advantages from localized manufacturing, purchase subsidies and the absence of customs duties and purchasing taxes. Currently we believe no premium BEV is available to Chinese consumers at competitive pricing and the ES8 is expected to face limited competition initially from premium BEVs.
Our Competitive Strengths
We believe that the following competitive strengths contribute to our success and differentiate us from our competitors:
Pioneer in China's premium EV market;
Redefining EV experience with cutting-edge proprietary technology, visionary engineering and smart connectivity;
Revolutionary and comprehensive charging solutions;
User enterprise advocating a unique and holistic mobility lifestyle;
Strategic partnerships with global best-in-class technology and industrial leaders; and
World-class management, global talent pool and tech savvy investor base.
We plan to pursue the following growth strategies to expand our business:
Successfully launch future models such as the ES6 and ET7 timely to target a broader customer base and expand our product lineup;
Build our own manufacturing capacity and continue to optimize manufacturing costs by leveraging a common platform and production flexibility;
Expand our infrastructure and service coverage nationwide to improve user experience;
Continue to focus on technological innovation; and
Create more monetization opportunities during the lifetime ownership.
We face risks and uncertainties in realizing our business objectives and executing our strategies, including those relating to:
Our ability to develop and manufacture a car of sufficient quality and appeal to customers on schedule and on a large scale is unproven and still evolving;
Our ability to grow manufacturing in collaboration with partners;
Our ability to manufacture, launch and sell electric vehicles meeting customer expectations;
Our ability to provide convenient charging solutions to our customers;
Our ability to satisfy the mandated safety standards relating to motor vehicles;
Our ability to secure supply of raw materials or other components used in our vehicles;
Our ability to secure sufficient reservations and sales of the ES8;
Our ability to control costs associated with our operations;
Our ability to build our NIO brand; and
Our ability to recruit, train and retained dedicated executive officers, key employees and qualified personnel.
We were founded in November 2014, as NextCar Inc., and changed our name to NIO Inc. in July 2017. We conduct our operations through our subsidiaries in China, the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom.
In April 2018, we entered into a series of contractual arrangements with Shanghai Anbin Technology Co., Ltd. and Beijing NIO Network Technology Co., Ltd., our VIEs, and their shareholders, to conduct certain future operations in China. In the future, we expect that our in-house vehicle manufacturing will be carried out primarily by Shanghai NIO New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd., or NIO New Energy, which is controlled by us through Shanghai Anbin Technology Co., Ltd. and/or its subsidiaries and we expect Beijing NIO Network Technology Co., Ltd. or Beijing NIO, will focus on value-added telecommunications services, including without limitation, performing internet services, operating our website and mobile application as well as holding certain related licenses. See "Corporate History and Structure."
The chart below summarizes our corporate structure and identifies our significant subsidiaries, our VIEs and their significant subsidiaries, as of the date of this prospectus:
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company
As a company with less than US$1.07 billion in revenue for our last fiscal year, we qualify as an "emerging growth company" pursuant to the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended, or the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other requirements compared to those that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include exemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in the assessment of the emerging growth company's internal control over financial reporting. The JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company does not need to comply with any new or revised financial accounting standards until such date that a private company is otherwise required to comply with such new or revised accounting standards.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (a) the last day of the fiscal year during which we have total annual gross revenues of at least US$1.07 billion; (b) the last day of our fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the completion of this offering; (c) the date on which we have, during the preceding three-year period, issued more than US$1.0 billion in non-convertible debt; or (d) the date on which we are deemed to be a "large accelerated filer" under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the
Exchange Act, which would occur if the market value of our ADSs that are held by non-affiliates exceeds US$700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter. Once we cease to be an emerging growth company, we will not be entitled to the exemptions provided in the JOBS Act discussed above.
Our principal executive offices are located at Building 20, No. 56 AnTuo Road, Jiading District, Shanghai, 201804, People's Republic of China. Our telephone number at this address is +86 21 6908 3306. Our registered office in the Cayman Islands is located at PO Box 309, Ugland House, Grand Cayman, KY1-1104, Cayman Islands.
Investors should submit any inquiries to the address and telephone number of our principal executive offices. Our main website is www.nio.com. The information contained on our website is not a part of this prospectus. Our agent for service of process in the United States is Puglisi & Associates, located at 850 Library Avenue, Suite 204, Newark, Delaware 19711.
Conventions that Apply to this Prospectus
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to:
"ADAS" are to advanced driver assistance system;
"ADSs" are to our American depositary shares, each of which represents one Class A ordinary share;
"AI" are to artificial intelligence;
"BEV" are to battery electric passenger vehicles;
"China" or the "PRC" are to the People's Republic of China, excluding, for the purposes of this prospectus only, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan;
"Class A ordinary shares" are to our Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.00025 per share;
"Class B ordinary shares" are to our Class B ordinary shares, par value US$0.00025 per share;
"Class C ordinary shares" are to our Class C ordinary shares, par value US$0.00025 per share;
"EV" are to electric passenger vehicles;
"FOTA" are to firmware over-the-air;
"ICE" are to internal combustion engine;
"NEV" are to new energy passenger vehicles;
"NIO" "we," "us," "our company" and "our" are to NIO Inc., our Cayman Islands holding company and its subsidiaries, its consolidated variable interest entities and the subsidiaries of the consolidated variable interest entities;
"Ordinary shares" are to our ordinary shares, par value US$0.00025 per share, and upon and after the completion of this offering, are to our Class A ordinary shares, Class B ordinary shares and Class C ordinary shares, par value US$0.00025 per share;
"RMB" and "Renminbi" are to the legal currency of China; and
"US$," "U.S. dollars," "USD," "$," and "dollars" are to the legal currency of the United States.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, all information in this prospectus assumes no exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option.
US$6.26 per ADS.
ADSs offered by us
160,000,000 ADSs (or 184,000,000 ADSs if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full).
ADSs outstanding immediately after this offering
Ordinary shares outstanding immediately after this offering
We have adopted a triple-class ordinary share structure. A total of 1,026,010,046 ordinary shares, comprised of 745,479,824 Class A ordinary shares, 132,030,222 Class B ordinary shares and 148,500,000 Class C ordinary shares (or 1,050,010,046 ordinary shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, comprised of 769,479,824 Class A ordinary shares, 132,030,222 Class B ordinary shares and 148,500,000 Class C ordinary shares). Class B ordinary shares issued and outstanding immediately after the completion of this offering will represent 12.9% of our total issued and outstanding shares and 21.5% of the then total voting power (or 12.6% of our total issued and outstanding shares and 21.2% of the then total voting power if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). Class C ordinary shares issued and outstanding immediately after the completion of this offering will represent 14.5% of our total issued and outstanding shares and 48.3% of the then total voting power (or 14.1% of our total issued and outstanding shares and 47.8% of the then total voting power if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full).
The ADSs
Each ADS represents one Class A ordinary share, par value US$0.00025 per share.
The depositary will hold Class A ordinary shares underlying your ADSs. You will have rights as provided in the deposit agreement among us, the depositary and holders and beneficial owners of ADSs from time to time.
We do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. If, however, we declare dividends on our Class A ordinary shares, the depositary will pay you the cash dividends and other distributions it receives on our Class A ordinary shares after deducting its fees and expenses in accordance with the terms set forth in the deposit agreement.
You may surrender your ADSs to the depositary in exchange for Class A ordinary shares. The depositary will charge you fees for any exchange.
We may amend or terminate the deposit agreement without your consent. If you continue to hold your ADSs after an amendment to the deposit agreement, you agree to be bound by the deposit agreement as amended.
To better understand the terms of the ADSs, you should carefully read the "Description of American Depositary Shares" section of this prospectus. You should also read the deposit agreement, which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement that includes this prospectus.
Over-allotment option
We have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable within 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an aggregate of 24,000,000 additional ADSs.
We expect that we will receive net proceeds of approximately US$954.9 million from this offering, or approximately US$1,099.1 million if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for (i) research and development of products, services and technology, (ii) selling and marketing and development of sales channels, including NIO Houses, (iii) development of our manufacturing facilities and the roll-out of our supply chain, and (iv) general corporate purposes and working capital. See "Use of Proceeds" for more information.
We, all our directors, executive officers and our existing shareholders have agreed with the underwriters not to sell, transfer or dispose of our Class A ordinary shares or ADSs or any securities that are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our Class A ordinary shares or ADSs or are otherwise subject to similar lockup restrictions for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus. See "Shares Eligible for Future Sale" and "Underwriting."
Directed Share Program
At our request, the underwriters have reserved for sale, at the initial public offering price, up to 5% of the ADSs offered in this offering to some of our directors, officers, employees and other individuals associated with us and members of their families through a directed share program.
The ADSs have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "NIO." Our ADSs and shares will not be listed on any other stock exchange or traded on any automated quotation system.
Payment and settlement
The underwriters expect to deliver the ADSs against payment therefor through the facilities of the Depositary Trust Company on September 14, 2018.
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas.
The following summary consolidated statements of comprehensive loss and cash flow data for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, and summary consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following summary consolidated statements of comprehensive loss and cash flow data for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2018, and summary consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2018 have been derived from our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results expected for future periods. You should read this Summary Consolidated Financial and Operating Data section together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Year Ended December 31, Six Months Ended June 30,
RMB RMB US$ RMB RMB US$
(in thousands, except for shares and per share data)
Summary Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss:
— — — — 44,399 6,710
— — — — 1,592 241
Cost of sales:
— — — — (185,531 ) (28,038 )
— — — — (13,648 ) (2,063 )
Total cost of sales
Gross loss
Operating expenses:(1)
Research and development(1)
(393,358 ) (1,031,253 ) (1,459,344 ) (220,541 )
Selling, general and administrative(1)
(1,137,187 )
(355,247 ) (964,363 ) (1,726,297 ) (260,884 )
2,867 4,730 49,565 7,490
(55 ) (18,084 ) (2,733 ) (12,681 ) (19,642 ) (2,968 )
Share of losses of equity investee
— (5,375 ) (812 ) (2,986 ) (7,358 ) (1,112 )
529 1,991 — —
Other income/(loss), net
(8,869 ) (11,635 ) (4,897 ) (740 )
Loss before income tax expense
(2,568,940 ) (5,013,268 ) (757,623 ) (2,016,197 ) (3,321,161 ) (501,905 )
(4,314 ) (7,906 ) (1,195 ) (4,325 ) (4,368 ) (660 )
Net loss
Accretion on convertible redeemable preferred shares to redemption value
(981,233 ) (2,576,935 ) (389,436 ) (1,139,341 ) (6,744,283 ) (1,019,220 )
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
5,507 29,271 15,278 2,309
Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of NIO Inc.
(1,142,747 ) (3,130,592 ) (10,054,534 ) (1,519,476 )
Other comprehensive loss
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of nil tax
(18,796 ) (29,678 ) (153,155 ) (23,145 )
Total other comprehensive income/(loss)
55,493 (124,374 ) (18,796 ) (29,678 ) (153,155 ) (23,145 )
Total comprehensive loss
36,938 36,440 5,507 29,271 15,278 2,309
Comprehensive loss attributable to ordinary shareholders of NIO Inc.
Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in computing net loss per share
Basic and diluted
16,697,527 21,801,525 21,801,525 20,141,298 28,661,459 28,661,459
Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders
(210.66 ) (346.84 ) (52.42 ) (155.43 ) (350.80 ) (53.01 )
Share-based compensation was allocated in operating expenses as follows:
76,684 90,296 13,646 35,838 105,564 15,953
The following table presents our summary consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and June 30, 2018.
As of December 31, As of June 30,
Actual Pro Forma(1) Pro Forma
As Adjusted(2)
RMB RMB US$ RMB US$ RMB US$ RMB US$
(in thousands, except for shares data)
Selected Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
581,296 7,505,954 1,134,327 4,423,234 668,455 4,423,234 668,455 10,741,587 1,623,307
Restricted cash—current
— 10,606 1,603 20,092 3,036 20,092 3,036 20,092 3,036
Long-term restricted cash
15,335 14,293 2,160 36,398 5,501 36,398 5,501 36,398 5,501
Property, plant and equipment, net
833,004 1,911,013 288,799 3,189,004 481,934 3,189,004 481,934 3,189,004 481,934
1,770,478 10,468,034 1,581,967 10,276,097 1,552,960 10,276,097 1,552,960 16,594,450 2,507,812
Total mezzanine equity
4,861,574 19,657,786 2,970,755 27,605,620 4,171,861 1,124,900 169,999 1,124,900 169,999
Total shareholders' (deficit)/equity
(3,916,360 ) (11,591,780 ) (1,751,792 ) (21,762,585 ) (3,288,840 ) 4,916,929 743,063 11,235,282 1,697,915
Total shares outstanding
17,773,459 23,850,343 23,850,343 31,540,943 31,540,943 851,041,978 851,041,978 1,011,041,978 1,011,041,978
The consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2018 are adjusted on a pro forma basis to give effect to the automatic conversion of all of our outstanding ordinary shares and preferred shares into 851,041,978 ordinary shares immediately prior to the completion of this offering.
The consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2018 are adjusted on a pro forma as adjusted basis to give effect to (i) the automatic conversion of all of our outstanding ordinary shares and preferred shares into 851,041,978 ordinary shares immediately prior to the completion of this offering; and (ii) the sale of 160,000,000 Class A ordinary shares in the form of ADSs by us in this offering at the initial public offering price of US$6.26 per ADS, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, assuming the underwriters do not exercise the over-allotment option.
The following table presents our summary consolidated cash flow data for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017 and the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2018.
For the Year Ended December 31, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
Summary Consolidated Cash Flow Data:
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities
117,843 (1,190,273 ) (179,879 ) (1,721,738 ) (1,153,962 ) (174,391 )
2,292,704 12,867,334 1,944,558 4,694,897 1,897,832 286,808
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
249,522 6,934,222 1,047,923 821,948 (3,051,129 ) (461,098 )
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of the year/period
347,109 596,631 90,167 596,631 7,530,853 1,138,090
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of the year/period
596,631 7,530,853 1,138,090 1,418,579 4,479,724 676,992
An investment in our ADSs involves significant risks. You should carefully consider all of the information in this prospectus, including the risks and uncertainties described below, before making an investment in our ADSs. Any of the following risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In any such case, the market price of our ADSs could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Relating to Our Business
Our ability to develop and manufacture a car of sufficient quality and appeal to customers on schedule and on a large scale is unproven and still evolving.
Our future business depends in large part on our ability to execute on our plans to develop, manufacture, market and sell our electric vehicles. We plan to manufacture our vehicles in higher volumes than our present production capabilities in strategic collaboration with a Chinese manufacturer and in the future at our planned manufacturing plants in China.
Our continued development and manufacturing of our first volume manufactured vehicle, the ES8, and our future vehicles are and will be subject to risks, including with respect to:
our ability to secure necessary funding;
the equipment we use being able to accurately manufacture the vehicle within specified design tolerances;
compliance with environmental, workplace safety and similar regulations;
securing necessary components on acceptable terms and in a timely manner;
delays in delivery of final component designs to our suppliers;
our ability to attract, recruit, hire and train skilled employees;
quality controls, particularly as we plan to eventually commence our own manufacturing in-house;
delays or disruptions in our supply chain; and
other delays and cost overruns.
We began making deliveries of the ES8 in June 2018. We do not expect to deliver our second planned vehicle, the ES6, until the first half of 2019, and we may not successfully develop the ES6. Our vehicles may not meet customer expectations and our future models, including the ES6, may not be commercially viable.
Historically, automobile customers have expected car manufacturers to periodically introduce new and improved vehicle models. In order to meet these expectations, we may be required to introduce new vehicle models and enhanced versions of existing vehicle models. To date we have limited experience designing, testing, manufacturing, marketing and selling our electric vehicles and therefore cannot assure you that we will be able to meet customer expectations.
Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and growth prospects.
We have negative cash flows from operation, have only recently started to generate revenues and have not been profitable, all of which may continue in the future.
We have only recently started to generate revenues and have not been profitable since our inception. We incurred net losses of RMB2,573.3 million, RMB5,021.2 million (US$758.8 million) and RMB3,325.5 million
(US$502.6 million) in 2016, 2017 and the six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. In addition, we had negative cash flows from operating activities of RMB2,201.6 million, RMB4,574.7 million (US$691.3 million) and RMB3,634.8 million (US$549.3 million) in 2016, 2017 and the six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively. We have made significant up-front investments in research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses to rapidly develop and expand our business. We expect to continue to invest significantly in research and development and sales and marketing, general and administrative expenses, to establish and expand our business, and these investments may not result in an increase in revenue or positive cash flow on a timely basis, or at all.
We may not generate sufficient revenues or we may incur substantial losses for a number of reasons, including lack of demand for our vehicles and services, increasing competition, as well as other risks discussed herein, and we may incur unforeseen expenses, or encounter difficulties, complications and delays in generating revenue or achieving profitability. If we are unable to achieve profitability, we may have to reduce the scale of our operations, which may impact our business growth and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
We have a limited operating history and face significant challenges as a new entrant into our industry.
We were formed in 2014 and began making deliveries to the public of our first volume manufactured vehicle, the ES8, in June 2018. We are currently developing our second vehicle, the ES6, for delivery in 2019.
You should consider our business and prospects in light of the risks and challenges we face as a new entrant into our industry, including, among other things, with respect to our ability to:
design and produce safe, reliable and quality vehicles on an ongoing basis;
build a well-recognized and respected brand;
establish and expand our customer base;
successfully market not just our vehicles but also our other services, including our service package, energy package and other services we provide;
properly price our services, including our charging solutions and service package and successfully anticipate the take-rate and usage of such services by users;
improve and maintain our operational efficiency;
maintain a reliable, secure, high-performance and scalable technology infrastructure;
attract, retain and motivate talented employees;
anticipate and adapt to changing market conditions, including technological developments and changes in competitive landscape; and
navigate an evolving and complex regulatory environment.
If we fail to address any or all of these risks and challenges, our business may be materially and adversely affected.
We have limited experience to date in high volume manufacturing of our electric vehicles. We cannot assure you that we will be able to develop efficient, automated, cost-efficient manufacturing capability and processes, and reliable sources of component supply that will enable us to meet the quality, price, engineering, design and production standards, as well as the production volumes required to successfully mass market the ES8 and future vehicles.
Furthermore, our vehicles are highly technical products that will require maintenance and support. If we were to cease or cut back operations, even years from now, buyers of our vehicles from years earlier might
encounter difficulties in maintaining their vehicles and obtaining satisfactory support. We also believe that our service offerings, including user confidence in our ability to provide our charging solutions and honor our obligations under our service package will be key factors in marketing our vehicles. As a result, consumers will be less likely to purchase our vehicles now if they are not convinced that our business will succeed or that our operations will continue for many years. Similarly, suppliers and other third parties will be less likely to invest time and resources in developing business relationships with us if they are not convinced that our business will succeed.
Manufacturing in collaboration with partners is subject to risks.
We have entered into an arrangement with Jianghuai Automobile Group Co., Ltd., or JAC, for the manufacture of the ES8 for five years. The ES8 is manufactured in partnership with JAC at its Hefei manufacturing plant. JAC is a major state-owned automobile manufacturer in China and it constructed such Hefei manufacturing plant for the production of the ES8 and potentially other future vehicles with us. Pursuant to our arrangement with JAC, we pay JAC for each vehicle produced on a per-vehicle basis monthly for the first three years. We may enter into similar arrangements in the future for other vehicles. We also plan to initially manufacture the ES6 in partnership with JAC at its Hefei manufacturing plant. Collaboration with third parties for the manufacturing of vehicles is subject to risks with respect to operations that are outside our control. We could experience delays to the extent our partners do not meet agreed upon timelines or experience capacity constraints. There is risk of potential disputes with partners, and we could be affected by adverse publicity related to our partners whether or not such publicity is related to their collaboration with us. Our ability to successfully build a premium brand could also be adversely affected by perceptions about the quality of our partners' vehicles. In addition, although we are involved in each step of the supply chain and manufacturing process, given that we also rely on our partners to meet our quality standards, there can be no assurance that we will successfully maintain quality standards.
In addition, for the first 36 months after the start of production, which commenced on April 10, 2018, to the extent the Hefei manufacturing plant incurs any operating losses, we have agreed to compensate JAC for such operating losses. As of June 30, 2018, we have paid JAC a total of RMB100 million, including RMB65.1 million as compensation for losses incurred in the second quarter of 2018 and RMB34.9 million as a prepayment for manufacturing and processing fees and potential future losses in the third quarter of 2018, pursuant to a supplemental agreement entered into in June 2018. If we are obligated to compensate JAC for any losses, our results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected, particularly if such losses are incurred as a result of lower than anticipated sales volume.
We may be unable to enter into new agreements or extend existing agreements with third-party manufacturing partners on terms and conditions acceptable to us and therefore may need to contract with other third parties or significantly add to our own production capacity. There can be no assurance that in such event we would be able to partner with other third parties or establish or expand our own production capacity to meet our needs on acceptable terms or at all. The expense and time required to complete any transition, and to assure that vehicles manufactured at facilities of new third party partners comply with our quality standards and regulatory requirements, may be greater than anticipated. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
The unavailability, reduction or elimination of government and economic incentives or government policies which are favorable for electric vehicles and domestically produced vehicles could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects.
Our growth depends significantly on the availability and amounts of government subsidies, economic incentives and government policies that support the growth of new energy vehicles generally and electric vehicles specifically. For example, each qualified purchaser of the ES8 enjoys subsidies from China's central government and several local governments. In addition, in certain cities, quotas that limit the number of internal
combustion engine, or ICE, vehicles do not apply to electric vehicles, making it easier for customers to purchase electric vehicles.
On April 10, 2018, President Xi Jinping vowed to open China's economy further and lower import tariffs on products including cars, in a speech during the Boao Forum. According to a newly released announcement by the Chinese government, the tariff on imported passenger vehicles (other than those originating in the United States of America) will be reduced to 15% starting from July 1, 2018. As a result, our pricing advantage could be diminished. On June 28, 2018, the National Development and Reform Commission, or NDRC, and the Ministry of Commerce, or the MOFCOM, promulgated the Special Administrative Measures for Market Access of Foreign Investment, or the Negative List, effective on July 28, 2018, under which the limits on foreign ownership of auto manufacturers will be lifted by 2022 for ICE vehicles and in 2018 for NEVs. As a result, foreign EV competitors could build wholly-owned facilities in China without the need for a domestic joint venture partner. For example, Tesla has announced its intention to construct a factory in Shanghai without a joint venture partner. These changes could increase our competition and reduce our pricing advantage.
Our vehicles also benefit from government policies including tariffs on imported cars. However, China's central government has announced a phase-out schedule for the subsidies provided for purchasers of certain NEVs, which provides that the amount of subsidies provided for purchasers of certain new energy vehicles in 2019 and 2020 will be reduced by 20% as compared to 2017 levels. Any reduction in national subsidies will also lower the maximum local subsidies that can be provided. Furthermore, China's central government provides certain local governments with funds and subsidies to support the roll out of a charging infrastructure. See "Regulation—Favorable Government Policies Relating to New Energy Vehicles in the PRC." These policies are subject to change and beyond our control. We cannot assure you that any changes would be favorable to our business. Furthermore, any reduction, elimination or discriminatory application of government subsidies and economic incentives because of policy changes, the reduced need for such subsidies and incentives due to the perceived success of electric vehicles, fiscal tightening or other factors may result in the diminished competitiveness of the alternative fuel vehicle industry generally or our electric vehicles in particular. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
Our vehicles may not perform in line with customer expectations.
Our vehicles, including the ES8, may not perform in line with customers' expectations. For example, our vehicles may not have the durability or longevity of other vehicles in the market, and may not be as easy and convenient to repair as other vehicles on the market. Any product defects or any other failure of our vehicles to perform as expected could harm our reputation and result in adverse publicity, lost revenue, delivery delays, product recalls, product liability claims, harm to our brand and reputation, and significant warranty and other expenses, and could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects.
In addition, the range of our vehicles on a single charge declines principally as a function of usage, time and charging patterns as well as other factors. For example, a customer's use of his or her electric vehicle as well as the frequency with which he or she charges the battery can result in additional deterioration of the battery's ability to hold a charge.
Furthermore, our vehicles may contain defects in design and manufacture that may cause them not to perform as expected or that may require repair. We plan to deliver our vehicles with certain features of our NIO Pilot ADAS system initially disabled and plan to turn on additional features before the end of 2018. We cannot assure you that our NIO Pilot system will ultimately perform in line with expectations. Our vehicles use a substantial amount of software code to operate and software products are inherently complex and often contain defects and errors when first introduced. While we have performed extensive internal testing on our vehicles' software and hardware systems, we have a limited frame of reference by which to evaluate the long-term performance of our systems and vehicles. There can be no assurance that we will be able to detect and fix any defects in the vehicles prior to their sale to consumers. If any of our vehicles fail to perform as expected, we may
need to delay deliveries, initiate product recalls and provide servicing or updates under warranty at our expense, which could adversely affect our brand in our target markets and could adversely affect our business, prospects and results of operations.
Any delays in the manufacturing and launch of the commercial production vehicles in our pipeline could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We started making deliveries of the ES8 in June 2018, and we are developing our second passenger vehicle, the 5-seater ES6 SUV, which is expected to be delivered in 2019 and we are generally targeting to launch a new model every year in the near future as we ramp up our business. Automobile manufacturers often experience delays in the design, manufacture and commercial release of new vehicle models. We are planning to target a broader market with our future vehicles, and to the extent we need to delay the launch of our vehicles, our growth prospects could be adversely affected as we may fail to grow our market share. We also plan to periodically perform facelifts or refresh existing models, which could also be subject to delays. Furthermore, we rely on third party suppliers for the provision and development of many of the key components and materials used in our vehicles. To the extent our suppliers experience any delays in providing us with or developing necessary components, we could experience delays in delivering on our timelines. Any delay in the manufacture and launch of the ES8, the ES6 or future models, including in the build out of the manufacturing facilities in China for these models or due to any other factors, or in refreshing or performing facelifts to existing models, could subject us to customer complaints and materially and adversely affect our reputation, demand for our vehicles, results of operations and growth prospects.
In addition, to the extent the Hefei manufacturing plant incurs any operating losses, we have agreed to compensate JAC for such operating losses. As of June 30, 2018, we have paid JAC a total of RMB100 million, including RMB65.1 million as compensation for losses incurred in the second quarter of 2018 and RMB34.9 million as a prepayment for manufacturing and processing fees and potential future losses in the third quarter of 2018, pursuant to a supplemental agreement entered into in June 2018. If we are obligated to compensate JAC for any losses, our results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected, particularly if such losses are incurred as a result of lower than anticipated sales volume. We expect that our sales volume and the ability of the Hefei manufacturing plant to achieve profitability will be significantly affected by our ability to timely bring new vehicles to market, and in particular, the ES6.
We may face challenges providing our charging solutions.
We have marketed our ability to provide our users with comprehensive charging solutions conveniently accessible using our mobile application. We install home chargers for users where practicable, and provide other solutions including battery swapping, charging through publicly accessible charging infrastructure and charging using our fast charging trucks. Our users are able to use our NIO Power one-click valet charging service where their vehicles are picked up, charged and then returned. We have very limited experience in the actual provision of our charging solutions to users and providing these services is subject to challenges, which include the logistics of rolling out our network and teams in appropriate areas, inadequate capacity or over capacity in certain areas, security risks or risk of damage to vehicles during Power Express valet services and the potential for lack of user acceptance of our services. In addition, although the Chinese government has supported the roll-out of a public charging network, the current number of charging infrastructures is generally considered to be insufficient. We face significant challenges as we roll out our charging solution, including access to sufficient charging infrastructure, obtaining any required permits, land use rights and filings, and, to a certain extent, such roll out is subject to the risk that government support may discontinue.
In addition, given our limited experience in providing charging solutions, there could be unanticipated challenges which may hinder our ability to provide our solutions or make the provision of our solutions costlier than anticipated. To the extent we are unable to meet user expectations or experience difficulties in providing our charging solutions, our reputation and business may be materially and adversely affected.
Our services may not be generally accepted by our users. If we are unable to provide good customer service, our business and reputation may be materially and adversely affected.
We aim to provide users with a good customer service experience, including by providing our users with access to a full suite of services conveniently through our mobile application and vehicle applications. In addition, we seek to engage with our users on an ongoing basis using online and offline channels, in ways which are non-traditional for automakers. We cannot assure you that our services, including our energy package and service package, or our efforts to engage with our users using both our online and offline channels, will be successful, which could impact our revenues as well as our customer satisfaction and marketing.
Our servicing will primarily be carried out through third parties certified by us. Although such servicing partners may have experience in servicing other vehicles, we and such partners have very limited experience in servicing our vehicles. Servicing electric vehicles is different from servicing ICE vehicles and requires specialized skills, including high voltage training and servicing techniques. There can be no assurance that our service arrangements will adequately address the service requirements of our users to their satisfaction, or that we and our partners will have sufficient resources to meet these service requirements in a timely manner as the volume of vehicles we deliver increases.
In addition, if we are unable to roll out and establish a widespread service network, user satisfaction could be adversely affected, which in turn could materially and adversely affect our sales, results of operations and prospects.
We have received only a limited number of reservations for ES8, all of which may be cancelled.
As of August 31, 2018, we had unfulfilled reservations for 15,778 ES8s with deposits. Of these reservations, 9,577 consisted of reservations for which only an initial fully refundable deposit of RMB5,000 had been made. Upon signing of the purchase agreement, which is required prior to a vehicle entering into production, the initial RMB5,000 deposit becomes non-refundable and the user must pay an additional RMB40,000 non-refundable deposit. As of August 31, 2018, we had unfulfilled reservations for 6,201 ES8s, for which non-refundable deposits had been made. We have experienced cancellations in the past. Our users may cancel their reservations for many reasons outside of our control. The potentially long wait from the time a reservation is made until the time the vehicle is delivered could also impact user decisions on whether to ultimately make a purchase, due to potential changes in preferences, competitive developments and other factors. If we encounter delays in the introduction of the ES8 or future vehicles, we believe that a significant number of reservations may be cancelled. As a result, no assurance can be made that reservations will not be cancelled and will ultimately result in the final purchase, delivery, and sale of the vehicle. Such cancellations could harm our financial condition, business, prospects and operating results.
The automotive market is highly competitive, and we may not be successful in competing in this industry.
The China automotive market is highly competitive. We have strategically entered into this market in the premium EV segment and we expect this segment will become more competitive in the future as additional players enter into this segment. We compete with international competitors, including Tesla. Our vehicles also compete with ICE vehicles in the premium segment.
Many of our current and potential competitors, particularly international competitors, have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing and other resources than we do and may be able to devote greater resources to the design, development, manufacturing, distribution, promotion, sale and support of their products.
We expect competition in our industry to intensify in the future in light of increased demand and regulatory push for alternative fuel vehicles, continuing globalization and consolidation in the worldwide automotive
industry. Factors affecting competition include, among others, product quality and features, innovation and development time, pricing, reliability, safety, fuel economy, customer service and financing terms. Increased competition may lead to lower vehicle unit sales and increased inventory, which may result in downward price pressure and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects. Our ability to successfully compete in our industry will be fundamental to our future success in existing and new markets and our market share. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete successfully in our markets. If our competitors introduce new cars or services that successfully compete with or surpass the quality or performance of our cars or services at more competitive prices, we may be unable to satisfy existing customers or attract new customers at the prices and levels that would allow us to generate attractive rates of return on our investment.
Furthermore, as the company with the first-to-market and only premium EV volume-manufactured domestically in China, we believe we have a multi-year lead time in terms of product delivery ahead of our domestic and international competitors in China's premium EV segment. However, if such competitors begin making deliveries earlier than expected, our competitive advantage could be adversely affected.
Our industry and its technology are rapidly evolving and may be subject to unforeseen changes. Developments in alternative technologies or improvements in the internal combustion engine may materially and adversely affect the demand for our electric vehicles.
We operate in China's electric vehicle market, which is rapidly evolving and may not develop as we anticipate. The regulatory framework governing the industry is currently uncertain and may remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. As our industry and our business develop, we may need to modify our business model or change our services and solutions. These changes may not achieve expected results, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and prospects.
Furthermore, we may be unable to keep up with changes in electric vehicle technology and, as a result, our competitiveness may suffer. Our research and development efforts may not be sufficient to adapt to changes in electric vehicle technology. As technologies change, we plan to upgrade or adapt our vehicles and introduce new models in order to provide vehicles with the latest technology, in particular battery cell technology, which could involve substantial costs and lower our return on investment for existing vehicles. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete effectively with alternative vehicles or source and integrate the latest technology into our vehicles, against the backdrop of our rapidly evolving industry. Even if we are able to keep pace with changes in technology and develop new models, our prior models could become obsolete more quickly than expected, potentially reducing our return on investment.
Developments in alternative technologies, such as advanced diesel, ethanol, fuel cells or compressed natural gas, or improvements in the fuel economy of the internal combustion engine, may materially and adversely affect our business and prospects in ways we do not currently anticipate. For example, fuel which is abundant and relatively inexpensive in China, such as compressed natural gas, may emerge as consumers' preferred alternative to petroleum based propulsion. Any failure by us to successfully react to changes in existing technologies could materially harm our competitive position and growth prospects.
We may be unable to adequately control the costs associated with our operations.
We have required significant capital to develop and grow our business, including developing our first volume manufactured vehicle, the ES8 as well as building our brand. We expect to incur significant costs which will impact our profitability, including research and development expenses as we roll out new models and improve existing models, raw material procurement costs and selling and distribution expenses as we build our brand and market our vehicles. In addition, we may incur significant costs in connection with our services, including providing charging solutions and honoring our commitments under our service package. Our ability to become profitable in the future will not only depend on our ability to successfully market our vehicles and other products and services but also to control our costs. If we are unable to cost efficiently design, manufacture, market, sell and distribute and service our vehicles and services, our margins, profitability and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
We could experience cost increases or disruptions in supply of raw materials or other components used in our vehicles.
We incur significant costs related to procuring raw materials required to manufacture and assembling our vehicles. We use various raw materials in our vehicles including aluminum, steel, carbon fiber, non-ferrous metals such as copper, lithium, nickel as well as cobalt. The prices for these raw materials fluctuate depending on factors beyond our control including market conditions and global demand for these materials and could adversely affect our business and operating results. Our business also depends on the continued supply of battery cells for our vehicles. Battery cell manufacturers may refuse to supply electric vehicle manufacturers to the extent they determine that the vehicles are not sufficiently safe. We are exposed to multiple risks relating to availability and pricing of quality lithium-ion battery cells. These risks include:
the inability or unwillingness of current battery cell manufacturers to build or operate battery cell manufacturing plants to supply the numbers of lithium-ion cells required to support the growth of the electric or plug-in hybrid vehicle industry as demand for such cells increases;
disruption in the supply of cells due to quality issues or recalls by the battery cell manufacturers; and
an increase in the cost of raw materials, such as lithium, nickel, cobalt, used in lithium-ion cells.
Furthermore, currency fluctuations, tariffs or shortages in petroleum and other economic or political conditions may result in significant increases in freight charges and raw material costs. Substantial increases in the prices for our raw materials or components would increase our operating costs, and could reduce our margins. In addition, a growth in popularity of electric vehicles without a significant expansion in battery cell production capacity could result in shortages which would result in increased materials costs to us or impact or prospects.
We are dependent on our suppliers, many of whom are our single source suppliers for the components they supply.
The ES8 uses over 1,700 purchased parts which we source from over 160 suppliers, many of whom are currently our single source suppliers for these components, and we expect that this will be similar for the ES6 and any other future vehicle we may produce. The supply chain exposes us to multiple potential sources of delivery failure or component shortages. While we obtain components from multiple sources whenever possible, similar to other automobile manufacturers, many of the components used in our vehicles are purchased by us from a single source. To date, we have not qualified alternative sources for most of the single sourced components used in our vehicles and we generally do not maintain long-term agreements with our single source suppliers. For example, while several sources of the battery cell we have selected for the ES8 are available, we have fully qualified only one supplier for these cells.
Furthermore, qualifying alternate suppliers or developing our own replacements for certain highly customized components of the ES8, such as the air suspension system and the steering system, may be time consuming and costly. Any disruption in the supply of components, whether or not from a single source supplier, could temporarily disrupt production of our vehicles until an alternative supplier is fully qualified by us or is otherwise able to supply us the required material. There can be no assurance that we would be able to successfully retain alternative suppliers or supplies on a timely basis, on acceptable terms or at all. Changes in business conditions, force majeure, governmental changes and other factors beyond our control or which we do not presently anticipate, could also affect our suppliers' ability to deliver components to us on a timely basis. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
Our business and prospects depend significantly on our ability to build our NIO brand. We may not succeed in continuing to establish, maintain and strengthen the NIO brand, and our brand and reputation could be harmed by negative publicity regarding our company or products.
Our business and prospects are heavily dependent on our ability to develop, maintain and strengthen the "NIO" brand. If we do not continue to establish, maintain and strengthen our brand, we may lose the opportunity
to build a critical mass of customers. Promoting and positioning our brand will likely depend significantly on our ability to provide high quality vehicles and services and engage with our customers as intended and we have limited experience in these areas. In addition, we expect that our ability to develop, maintain and strengthen the NIO brand will depend heavily on the success of our user development and branding efforts. Such efforts mainly include building a community of online and offline users engaged with us through our mobile application and NIO Houses as well as other branding initiatives such as our annual NIO Day, Formula E team and other automotive shows and events. Such efforts may be non-traditional and may not achieve the desired results. To promote our brand, we may be required to change our user development and branding practices, which could result in substantially increased expenses, including the need to use traditional media such as television, radio and print. If we do not develop and maintain a strong brand, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be materially and adversely impacted.
In addition, if incidents occur or are perceived to have occurred, whether or not such incidents are our fault, we could be subject to adverse publicity. In particular, given the popularity of social media, including WeChat/Weixin in China, any negative publicity, whether true or not, could quickly proliferate and harm consumer perceptions and confidence in our brand. Furthermore, there is the risk of potential adverse publicity related to our manufacturing or other partners whether or not such publicity related to their collaboration with us. Our ability to successfully position our brand could also be adversely affected by perceptions about the quality of our partners' vehicles.
In addition, from time to time, our vehicles are evaluated and reviewed by third parties. Any negative reviews or reviews which compare us unfavorably to competitors could adversely affect consumer perception about our vehicles.
Our business depends substantially on the continuing efforts of our executive officers, key employees and qualified personnel, and our operations may be severely disrupted if we lose their services.
Our success depends substantially on the continued efforts of our executive officers and key employees. If one or more of our executive officers or key employees were unable or unwilling to continue their services with us, we might not be able to replace them easily, in a timely manner, or at all. As we build our brand and become more well-known, the risk that competitors or other companies may poach our talent increases. Our industry is characterized by high demand and intense competition for talent and therefore we cannot assure you that we will be able to attract or retain qualified staff or other highly skilled employees. In addition, because our electric vehicles are based on a different technology platform than traditional ICE vehicles, individuals with sufficient training in electric vehicles may not be available to hire, and we will need to expend significant time and expense training the employees we hire. We also require sufficient talent in areas such as software development. Furthermore, as our company is relatively young, our ability to train and integrate new employees into our operations may not meet the growing demands of our business, which may materially and adversely affect our ability to grow our business and our results of operations.
If any of our executive officers and key employees terminates his or her services with us, our business may be severely disrupted, our financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected and we may incur additional expenses to recruit, train and retain qualified personnel. We have not obtained any "key person" insurance on our key personnel. If any of our executive officers or key employees joins a competitor or forms a competing company, we may lose customers, know-how and key professionals and staff members. Each of our executive officers and key employees has entered into an employment agreement and a non-compete agreement with us. However, if any dispute arises between our executive officers or key employees and us, the non-competition provisions contained in their non-compete agreements may not be enforceable, especially in China, where these executive officers reside, on the ground that we have not provided adequate compensation to them for their non-competition obligations, which is required under relevant PRC laws.
Our future growth is dependent on the demand for, and upon consumers' willingness to adopt electric vehicles.
Demand for automobile sales depends to a large extent on general, economic, political and social conditions in a given market and the introduction of new vehicles and technologies. As our business grows, economic conditions and trends will impact our business, prospects and operating results as well.
Demand for our electric vehicles may also be affected by factors directly impacting automobile price or the cost of purchasing and operating automobiles such as sales and financing incentives, prices of raw materials and parts and components, cost of fuel and governmental regulations, including tariffs, import regulation and other taxes. Volatility in demand may lead to lower vehicle unit sales, which may result in further downward price pressure and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
In addition, the demand for our vehicles and services will highly depend upon the adoption by consumers of new energy vehicles in general and electric vehicles in particular. The market for new energy vehicles is still rapidly evolving, characterized by rapidly changing technologies, price and other competition, evolving government regulation and industry standards and changing consumer demands and behaviors.
Other factors that may influence the adoption of alternative fuel vehicles, and specifically electric vehicles, include:
perceptions about electric vehicle quality, safety, design, performance and cost, especially if adverse events or accidents occur that are linked to the quality or safety of electric vehicles, whether or not such vehicles are produced by us or other manufacturers;
perceptions about vehicle safety in general, in particular safety issues that may be attributed to the use of advanced technology, including electric vehicle and regenerative braking systems;
the limited range over which electric vehicles may be driven on a single battery charge and the speed at which batteries can be recharged;
the decline of an electric vehicle's range resulting from deterioration over time in the battery's ability to hold a charge;
concerns about electric grid capacity and reliability;
the availability of new energy vehicles, including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles;
improvements in the fuel economy of the internal combustion engine;
the availability of service for electric vehicles;
the environmental consciousness of consumers;
access to charging stations, standardization of electric vehicle charging systems and consumers' perceptions about convenience and cost to charge an electric vehicle;
the availability of tax and other governmental incentives to purchase and operate electric vehicles or future regulation requiring increased use of nonpolluting vehicles;
perceptions about and the actual cost of alternative fuel; and
macroeconomic factors.
Any of the factors described above may cause current or potential customers not to purchase our electric vehicles and use our services. If the market for electric vehicles does not develop as we expect or develops more slowly than we expect, our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be affected.
We depend on revenue generated from a single model of vehicle and in the foreseeable future will be significantly dependent on a limited number of models.
Our business will initially depend substantially on the sales and success of our ES8, which will be our only volume manufactured vehicle in the market for an extended period of time. We expect to add our second model, the ES6 in 2019, followed by our sedan model, the ET7 in 2020. Historically, automobile customers have come to expect a variety of vehicle models offered in a manufacturer's fleet and new and improved vehicle models to be introduced frequently. In order to meet these expectations, we plan in the future to introduce on a regular basis new vehicle models as well as enhance versions of existing vehicle models. To the extent our product variety and cycles do not meet consumer expectations, or cannot be produced on our projected timelines and cost and volume targets, our future sales may be adversely affected. Given that for the foreseeable future our business will depend on a single or limited number of models, to the extent a particular model is not well-received by the market, our sales volume could be materially and adversely affected. This could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
We are subject to risks related to customer credit.
We currently provide our users with the option of a battery payment arrangement, where users can make battery payments in installments. For the ES8, there is an RMB100,000 reduction in the purchase price and users adopting this arrangement pay RMB1,280 per month. The monthly installments are payable over 78 months. We are exposed to the creditworthiness of our users since we expect them to make monthly payments for vehicle batteries under the battery payment arrangement. To the extent our users fail to make payments on-time, our results of operations may be adversely affected.
We may become subject to product liability claims, which could harm our financial condition and liquidity if we are not able to successfully defend or insure against such claims.
We may become subject to product liability claims, which could harm our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition. The automotive industry experiences significant product liability claims and we face inherent risk of exposure to claims in the event our vehicles do not perform as expected or malfunction resulting in property damage, personal injury or death. Our risks in this area are particularly pronounced given we have limited field experience of our vehicles. A successful product liability claim against us could require us to pay a substantial monetary award. Moreover, a product liability claim could generate substantial negative publicity about our vehicles and business and inhibit or prevent commercialization of our future vehicle candidates which would have material adverse effect on our brand, business, prospects and operating results. Any insurance coverage might not be sufficient to cover all potential product liability claims. Any lawsuit seeking significant monetary damages may have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business and financial condition.
Our vehicles are subject to motor vehicle standards and the failure to satisfy such mandated safety standards would have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
All vehicles sold must comply with various standards of the market where the vehicles were sold. In China vehicles must meet or exceed all mandated safety standards. Rigorous testing and the use of approved materials and equipment are among the requirements for achieving such standards. Vehicles must pass various tests and undergo a certification process and be affixed with China Compulsory Certification, or CCC, before receiving delivery from the factory, being sold, or being used in any commercial activity, and such certification is also subject to periodic renewal. The ES8 received CCC certification in December 2017. The ES6 and ET7 have not yet undergone CCC certification but must be certified in the future prior to being marketed. The process of obtaining CCC Certification typically requires five to six months. We plan to begin the process of obtaining CCC certification for the ES6 in the fourth quarter of 2018. Furthermore, the government carries out the supervision and scheduled and unscheduled inspection of certified vehicles on a regular basis. In the event that our
certification fails to be renewed upon expiry, a certified vehicle has a defect resulting in quality or safety accidents, or consistent failure of certified vehicles to comply with certification requirements is discovered during follow-up inspections, the CCC may be suspended or even revoked. With effect from the date of revocation or during suspension of the CCC, any vehicle that fails to satisfy the requirements for certification may not continue to be delivered, sold, imported or used in any commercial activity. Failure by us to have the ES8 or any future model electric vehicle satisfy motor vehicle standards would have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
We may be subject to risks associated with autonomous driving technology.
Through NIO Pilot, we will provide enhanced Level 2 autonomous driving functionalities, and through our research and development, we plan to update and improve our autonomous driving technology. Autonomous driving technologies are subject to risks and from time to time there have been accidents associated with such technologies. For example, in March 2018, Tesla indicated that its autopilot system was engaged at the time of a fatal accident and an Uber Technologies Inc. self-driving vehicle struck a pedestrian leading to a fatality. The safety of such technologies depends in part on user interaction and users may not be accustomed to using such technologies. To the extent accidents associated with our autonomous driving systems occur, we could be subject to liability, government scrutiny and further regulation. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and growth prospects.
We may be compelled to undertake product recalls or take other actions, which could adversely affect our brand image and financial performance.
If our vehicles are subject to recalls in the future, we may be subject to adverse publicity, damage to our brand and liability for costs. In the future, we may at various times, voluntarily or involuntarily, initiate a recall if any of our vehicles, including any systems or parts sourced from our suppliers, prove to be defective or noncompliant with applicable laws and regulations. Such recalls, whether voluntary or involuntary or caused by systems or components engineered or manufactured by us or our suppliers, could involve significant expense and could adversely affect our brand image in our target markets, as well as our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
Our distribution model is different from the predominant current distribution model for automobile manufacturers, which makes evaluating our business, operating results and future prospects difficult.
Our distribution model is not common in the automotive industry today, particularly in China. We plan to conduct vehicle sales directly to users rather than through dealerships, primarily through our mobile application and NIO Houses. Furthermore, generally all vehicles are made to order. This model of vehicle distribution is relatively new and unproven, especially in China, and subjects us to substantial risk as it requires, in the aggregate, significant expenditures and provides for slower expansion of our distribution and sales systems than may be possible by utilizing the traditional dealer franchise system. For example, we will not be able to utilize long established sales channels developed through a franchise system to increase our sales volume. Moreover, we will be competing with companies with well established distribution channels. Our success will depend in large part on our ability to effectively develop our own sales channels and marketing strategies. Implementing our business model is subject to numerous significant challenges, including obtaining permits and approvals from government authorities, and we may not be successful in addressing these challenges.
We estimate that if all our current unfulfilled reservations, for 15,778 ES8s as of August 31, 2018, are ultimately converted into orders, we would fulfill such orders within approximately six months following the date of this prospectus. The lead time in fulfilling our initial batch of orders could lead to cancelled orders. In addition, our aim is in the future to manufacture vehicles within 21-28 days from the order date. If we are unable to achieve these targets, our customer satisfaction could be adversely affected, harming our business and reputation.
Our financial results may vary significantly from period to period due to the seasonality of our business and fluctuations in our operating costs.
Our operating results may vary significantly from period-to-period due to many factors, including seasonal factors that may have an effect on the demand for our electric vehicles. Demand for new cars in the automotive industry in general typically decline over the winter season, while sales are generally higher during the spring and summer months. Our limited operating history makes it difficult for us to judge the exact nature or extent of the seasonality of our business. Also, any unusually severe weather conditions in some markets may impact demand for our vehicles. Our operating results could also suffer if we do not achieve revenue consistent with our expectations for this seasonal demand because many of our expenses are based on anticipated levels of annual revenue.
We also expect our period-to-period operating results to vary based on our operating costs which we anticipate will increase significantly in future periods as we, among other things, design, develop and manufacture our electric vehicles and electric powertrain components, build and equip new manufacturing facilities to produce such components, open new NIO Houses, increase our sales and marketing activities, and increase our general and administrative functions to support our growing operations.
As a result of these factors, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our operating results are not necessarily meaningful and that these comparisons cannot be relied upon as indicators of future performance. Moreover, our operating results may not meet expectations of equity research analysts or investors. If this occurs, the trading price of our ADSs could fall substantially either suddenly or over time.
If our vehicle owners customize our vehicles or change the charging infrastructure with aftermarket products, the vehicle may not operate properly, which may create negative publicity and could harm our business.
Automobile enthusiasts may seek to "hack" our vehicles to modify their performance which could compromise vehicle safety systems. Also, customers may customize their vehicles with after-market parts that can compromise driver safety. We do not test, nor do we endorse, such changes or products. In addition, the use of improper external cabling or unsafe charging outlets can expose our customers to injury from high voltage electricity. Such unauthorized modifications could reduce the safety of our vehicles and any injuries resulting from such modifications could result in adverse publicity which would negatively affect our brand and harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
Our business plans require a significant amount of capital. In addition, our future capital needs may require us to sell additional equity or debt securities that may dilute our shareholders or introduce covenants that may restrict our operations or our ability to pay dividends.
We will need significant capital to, among other things, conduct research and development and expand our production capacity as well as roll out our charging and servicing network and our NIO Houses. We also expect to require significant capital and incur substantial costs in setting up, equipping and improving our future manufacturing plant in Shanghai, which could potentially face cost overruns. As we ramp up our production capacity and operations we may also require significant capital to maintain our property, plant and equipment and such costs may be greater than anticipated. We currently estimate that our capital expenditures for the next three years, including for improvements and installation of equipment at our own manufacturing facility in Shanghai, research and development and the expansion of our sales and service networks, will be approximately US$1.7 billion, with approximately US$600 million incurred over the twelve months starting from July 2018. We expect that our level of capital expenditures will be significantly affected by user demand for our products and services. The fact that we have a limited operating history means we have limited historical data on the demand for our products and services. As a result, our future capital requirements may be uncertain and actual capital requirements may be different from those we currently anticipate. We plan to seek equity or debt financing to finance a portion of our capital expenditures. Such financing might not be available to us in a timely manner or on terms that are acceptable, or at all.
Our ability to obtain the necessary financing to carry out our business plan is subject to a number of factors, including general market conditions and investor acceptance of our business plan. These factors may make the timing, amount, terms and conditions of such financing unattractive or unavailable to us. If we are unable to raise sufficient funds, we will have to significantly reduce our spending, delay or cancel our planned activities or substantially change our corporate structure. We might not be able to obtain any funding, and we might not have sufficient resources to conduct our business as projected, both of which could mean that we would be forced to curtail or discontinue our operations.
In addition, our future capital needs and other business reasons could require us to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain a credit facility. The sale of additional equity or equity-linked securities could dilute our shareholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could result in operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations or our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders.
We retain certain information about our users and may be subject to various privacy and consumer protection laws.
We use our vehicles' electronic systems to log information about each vehicle's use, such as charge time, battery usage, mileage and driving behavior, in order to aid us in vehicle diagnostics, repair and maintenance, as well as to help us customize and optimize the driving and riding experience. Our users may object to the use of this data, which may harm our business. Possession and use of our user's driving behavior and data in conducting our business may subject us to legislative and regulatory burdens in China and other jurisdictions that could require notification of data breach, restrict our use of such information and hinder our ability to acquire new customers or market to existing customers. If users allege that we have improperly released or disclosed their personal information, we could face legal claims and reputational damage. We may incur significant expenses to comply with privacy, consumer protection and security standards and protocols imposed by laws, regulations, industry standards or contractual obligations. If third parties improperly obtain and use the personal information of our users, we may be required to expend significant resources to resolve these problems.
Failure of information security and privacy concerns could subject us to penalties, damage our reputation and brand, and harm our business and results of operations.
We face significant challenges with respect to information security and privacy, including the storage, transmission and sharing of confidential information. We transmit and store confidential and private information of our car buyers, such as personal information, including names, accounts, user IDs and passwords, and payment or transaction related information.
We are required by PRC law to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, availability and authenticity of the information of our users, customers and distributors, which is also essential to maintaining their confidence in our vehicles and services. We have adopted strict information security policies and deployed advanced measures to implement the policies, including, among others, advanced encryption technologies. However, advances in technology, an increased level of sophistication and diversity of our products and services, an increased level of expertise of hackers, new discoveries in the field of cryptography or others can still result in a compromise or breach of the measures that we use. If we are unable to protect our systems, and hence the information stored in our systems, from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification or destruction, such problems or security breaches could cause a loss, give rise to our liabilities to the owners of confidential information or even subject us to fines and penalties. In addition, complying with various laws and regulations could cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices, including our data practices, in a manner adverse to our business.
Our warranty reserves may be insufficient to cover future warranty claims which could adversely affect our financial performance.
For the initial owner of each ES8, we provide an extended warranty, subject to certain conditions. As require under relevant PRC law, we also provide (i) a bumper to bumper three year or 120,000 kilometers warranty, (ii) for critical EV components (electrical motors, battery and control unit) an eight year or 120,000 kilometers warranty, and (iii) a two year or 50,000 kilometer warranty covering vehicle repair, replacement and refund. Our warranty program is similar to other vehicle manufacturer's warranty programs intended to cover all parts and labor to repair defects in material or workmanship in the body, chassis, suspension, interior, electric systems, battery, powertrain and brake system. We plan to record and adjust warranty reserves based on changes in estimated costs and actual warranty costs. However, because we have only recently made initial deliveries of the ES8, we have no experience with warranty claims regarding our vehicles or with estimating warranty reserves. As of July 31, 2018, we had warranty reserves in respect of our vehicles of RMB7.9 million (US$1.2 million). We cannot assure you that such reserves will be sufficient to cover future claims. We could, in the future, become subject to a significant and unexpected warranty claims, resulting in significant expenses, which would in turn materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
We may need to defend ourselves against patent or trademark infringement claims, which may be time-consuming and would cause us to incur substantial costs.
Companies, organizations or individuals, including our competitors, may hold or obtain patents, trademarks or other proprietary rights that would prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make, use, develop, sell or market our vehicles or components, which could make it more difficult for us to operate our business. From time to time, we may receive communications from holders of patents or trademarks regarding their proprietary rights. Companies holding patents or other intellectual property rights may bring suits alleging infringement of such rights or otherwise assert their rights and urge us to take licenses. Our applications and uses of trademarks relating to our design, software or artificial intelligence technologies could be found to infringe upon existing trademark ownership and rights. In addition, if we are determined to have infringed upon a third party's intellectual property rights, we may be required to do one or more of the following:
cease selling, incorporating certain components into, or using vehicles or offering goods or services that incorporate or use the challenged intellectual property;
pay substantial damages;
seek a license from the holder of the infringed intellectual property right, which license may not be available on reasonable terms or at all;
redesign our vehicles or other goods or services; or
establish and maintain alternative branding for our products and services.
In the event of a successful claim of infringement against us and our failure or inability to obtain a license to the infringed technology or other intellectual property right, our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, any litigation or claims, whether or not valid, could result in substantial costs, negative publicity and diversion of resources and management attention.
We may not be able to prevent others from unauthorized use of our intellectual property, which could harm our business and competitive position.
We regard our trademarks, service marks, patents, domain names, trade secrets, proprietary technologies and similar intellectual property as critical to our success. We rely on trademark and patent law, trade secret protection and confidentiality and license agreements with our employees and others to protect our proprietary rights.
We have invested significant resources to develop our own intellectual property. Failure to maintain or protect these rights could harm our business. In addition, any unauthorized use of our intellectual property by third parties may adversely affect our current and future revenues and our reputation.
Implementation and enforcement of PRC intellectual property-related laws have historically been deficient and ineffective. Accordingly, protection of intellectual property rights in China may not be as effective as in the United States or other developed countries. Furthermore, policing unauthorized use of proprietary technology is difficult and expensive. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and restrictions on disclosure to protect our intellectual property rights. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, third parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our intellectual property or seek court declarations that they do not infringe upon our intellectual property rights. Monitoring unauthorized use of our intellectual property is difficult and costly, and we cannot assure you that the steps we have taken or will take will prevent misappropriation of our intellectual property. From time to time, we may have to resort to litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, which could result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources.
As our patents may expire and may not be extended, our patent applications may not be granted and our patent rights may be contested, circumvented, invalidated or limited in scope, our patent rights may not protect us effectively. In particular, we may not be able to prevent others from developing or exploiting competing technologies, which could have a material and adverse effect on our business operations, financial condition and results of operations.
As of July 31, 2018, we had 882 registered patents and 1,989 patent applications pending in Hong Kong, Mainland China, European Union and the United States. For our pending application, we cannot assure you that we will be granted patents pursuant to our pending applications. Even if our patent applications succeed and we are issued patents in accordance with them, it is still uncertain whether these patents will be contested, circumvented or invalidated in the future. In addition, the rights granted under any issued patents may not provide us with meaningful protection or competitive advantages. The claims under any patents that issue from our patent applications may not be broad enough to prevent others from developing technologies that are similar or that achieve results similar to ours. It is also possible that the intellectual property rights of others could bar us from licensing and exploiting any patents that issue from our pending applications. Numerous patents and pending patent applications owned by others exist in the fields in which we have developed and are developing our technology. These patents and patent applications might have priority over our patent applications and could subject our patent applications to invalidation. Finally, in addition to those who may claim priority, any of our existing or pending patents may also be challenged by others on the basis that they are otherwise invalid or unenforceable.
We have limited insurance coverage, which could expose us to significant costs and business disruption.
We have limited liability insurance coverage for our products and business operations. A successful liability claim against us due to injuries suffered by our users could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and reputation. In addition, we do not have any business disruption insurance. Any business disruption event could result in substantial cost to us and diversion of our resources.
We are or may be subject to risks associated with strategic alliances or acquisitions.
We have entered into and may in the future enter into strategic alliances, including joint ventures or minority equity investments, with various third parties to further our business purpose from time to time. These alliances could subject us to a number of risks, including risks associated with sharing proprietary information, non-performance by the third party and increased expenses in establishing new strategic alliances, any of which may materially and adversely affect our business. We may have limited ability to monitor or control the actions of these third parties and, to the extent any of these strategic third parties suffers negative publicity or harm to their reputation from events relating to their business, we may also suffer negative publicity or harm to our reputation by virtue of our association with any such third party.
In addition, although we have no current acquisition plans, if appropriate opportunities arise, we may acquire additional assets, products, technologies or businesses that are complementary to our existing business. In addition to possible shareholder approval, we may have to obtain approvals and licenses from relevant government authorities for the acquisitions and to comply with any applicable PRC laws and regulations, which could result in increased delay and costs, and may derail our business strategy if we fail to do so. Furthermore, past and future acquisitions and the subsequent integration of new assets and businesses into our own require significant attention from our management and could result in a diversion of resources from our existing business, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our operations. Acquired assets or businesses may not generate the financial results we expect. Acquisitions could result in the use of substantial amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the occurrence of significant goodwill impairment charges, amortization expenses for other intangible assets and exposure to potential unknown liabilities of the acquired business. Moreover, the costs of identifying and consummating acquisitions may be significant.
If we fail to manage our growth effectively, we may not be able to market and sell our vehicles successfully.
We have expanded our operations, and as we ramp up our production, further significant expansion will be required, especially in connection with potential increased sales, providing our users with high-quality servicing, charging solutions, expansion of our NIO House network and managing different models of vehicles. Our future operating results depend to a large extent on our ability to manage this expansion and growth successfully. Risks that we face in undertaking this expansion include, among others:
managing a larger organization with a greater number of employees in different divisions;
controlling expenses and investments in anticipation of expanded operations;
establishing or expanding design, manufacturing, sales and service facilities;
implementing and enhancing administrative infrastructure, systems and processes; and
addressing new markets and potentially unforeseen challenges as they arise.
Any failure to manage our growth effectively could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may be unable to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud, and investor confidence in our company and the market price of our ADSs may be adversely affected.
Prior to this offering, we were a private company with limited accounting personnel and other resources with which to address our internal controls and procedures. Effective internal control over financial reporting is necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and, together with adequate disclosure controls and procedures, are designed to prevent fraud.
Our internal controls relating to financial reporting have not kept pace with the expansion of our business. Our financial reporting function and system of internal controls are less developed in certain respects than those of similar companies that operate in fewer or more developed markets and may not provide our management with as much or as accurate or timely information. The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or PCAOB, has defined a material weakness as "a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis."
In connection with the preparation and external audit of our consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, we and PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP, an independent
registered public accounting firm, noted a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. The material weakness identified was that we do not have sufficient competent financial reporting and accounting personnel with an appropriate understanding of U.S. GAAP to (i) design and implement formal period-end financial reporting policies and procedures to address complex U.S. GAAP technical accounting issues and (ii) prepare and review our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures in accordance with U.S. GAAP and the financial reporting requirements set forth by the SEC. The material weakness resulted in a significant number of adjustments and amendments to our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures under U.S. GAAP.
As a result of the identification of this material weakness, we plan to take measures to remedy this control deficiency. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Internal Control over Financial Reporting." However, we can give no assurance that our planned remediation will be properly implemented or will be sufficient to eliminate such material weakness or that material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future. Our failure to implement and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting could result in errors in our financial statements that could result in a restatement of our financial statements, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, which may result in volatility in and a decline in the market price of the ADSs.
Our independent registered public accounting firm has not conducted an audit of our internal control over financial reporting. Our independent registered public accounting firm conducted an audit of our internal control over financial reporting, such accountant might have identified additional material weaknesses and deficiencies. We are subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, or Section 404, will require that we include a report from management on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in our annual report on Form 20-F beginning with our annual report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019. In addition, once we cease to be an "emerging growth company" as such term is defined in the JOBS Act, our independent registered public accounting firm must attest to and report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Our management may conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is not effective. Moreover, even if our management concludes that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, our independent registered public accounting firm, after conducting its own independent testing, may issue a report that is qualified if it is not satisfied with our internal controls or the level at which our controls are documented, designed, operated or reviewed, or if it interprets the relevant requirements differently from us. In addition, as we have become a public company, our reporting obligations may place a significant strain on our management, operational and financial resources and systems for the foreseeable future. We may be unable to timely complete our evaluation testing and any required remediation.
During the course of documenting and testing our internal control procedures, in order to satisfy the requirements of Section 404, we may identify other weaknesses and deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting. In addition, if we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, as these standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404. If we fail to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment, we could suffer material misstatements in our financial statements and fail to meet our reporting obligations, which would likely cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information. This could in turn limit our access to capital markets, harm our results of operations, and lead to a decline in the trading price of our ADSs. Additionally, ineffective internal control over financial reporting could expose us to increased risk of fraud or misuse of corporate assets and subject us to potential delisting from the stock exchange on which we list, regulatory investigations and civil or criminal sanctions. We may also be required to restate our financial statements from prior periods.
If our suppliers fail to use ethical business practices and comply with applicable laws and regulations, our brand image could be harmed due to negative publicity.
Our core values, which include developing high quality electric vehicles while operating with integrity, are an important component of our brand image, which makes our reputation sensitive to allegations of unethical business practices. We do not control our independent suppliers or their business practices. Accordingly, we cannot guarantee their compliance with ethical business practices, such as environmental responsibilities, fair wage practices, and compliance with child labor laws, among others. A lack of demonstrated compliance could lead us to seek alternative suppliers, which could increase our costs and results in delayed delivery of our products, product shortages or other disruptions of our operations.
Violation of labor or other laws by our suppliers or the divergence of an independent supplier's labor or other practices from those generally accepted as ethical in the markets in which we do business could also attract negative publicity for us and our brand. This could diminish the value of our brand image and reduce demand for our electric vehicles if, as a result of such violation, we were to attract negative publicity. If we, or other manufacturers in our industry, encounter similar problems in the future, it could harm our brand image, business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
If we update our manufacturing equipment more quickly than expected, we may have to shorten the useful lives of any equipment to be retired as a result of any such update, and the resulting acceleration in our depreciation could negatively affect our financial results.
We and JAC have invested and expect to continue to invest significantly in what we believe is state of the art tooling, machinery and other manufacturing equipment for the product lines where ES8 is manufactured, and we depreciate the cost of such equipment over their expected useful lives. However, manufacturing technology may evolve rapidly, and we or JAC may decide to update our manufacturing process with cutting-edge equipment more quickly than expected. Moreover, as our engineering and manufacturing expertise and efficiency increase, we or JAC may be able to manufacture our products using less of our installed equipment. The useful life of any equipment that would be retired early as a result would be shortened, causing the depreciation on such equipment to be accelerated, and to the extent we own such equipment, our results of operations could be negatively impacted.
The construction and operation of our own manufacturing plant in Shanghai or other manufacturing facilities are subject to regulatory approvals and may be subject to delays, cost overruns or may not produce expected benefits.
We are developing our own manufacturing facility in Shanghai which we expect to be ready by the end of 2020. Such manufacturing facility is currently being constructed by relevant Shanghai authorities. As a result, such construction is largely outside of our control and could experience delays or other difficulties. We are also building phase two of our manufacturing facilities in Nanjing. Construction projects of this scale are subject to risks and will require significant capital. Any failure to complete these projects on schedule and within budget could adversely impact our financial condition, production capacity and results of operations. Under PRC law, construction projects are subject to broad and strict government supervision and approval procedures, including but not limited to project approvals and filings, construction land and project planning approvals, environment protection approvals, the pollution discharge permits, work safety approvals, fire protection approvals, and the completion of inspection and acceptance by relevant authorities. Some of the construction projects being carried out by us are undergoing necessary approval procedures as required by law. As a result, the relevant entities operating such construction projects may be subject to administrative uncertainty construction projects in question within a specified time frame, fines or the suspension of use of such projects. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse impact on our operations.
Furthermore, we expect that the construction of our own vehicle manufacturing facility in Shanghai will facilitate our ability to obtain our own EV manufacturing license and potentially benefit from the NEV credit
score system in the future. There can be no assurance that the completion of such factory will ensure that we will be able to obtain such license. In addition, to the extent we are unable to successfully complete construction on time or at all, our ability to obtain our own EV manufacturing license and potentially benefit from the NEV credit score system could be adversely affected, which in turn could impact our growth prospects.
Our vehicles make use of lithium-ion battery cells, which have been observed to catch fire or vent smoke and flame.
The battery packs that we produce make use of lithium-ion cells. On rare occasions, lithium-ion cells can rapidly release the energy they contain by venting smoke and flames in a manner that can ignite nearby materials as well as other lithium-ion cells. While we have designed the battery pack to passively contain any single cell's release of energy without spreading to neighboring cells, a field or testing failure of our vehicles or other battery packs that we produce could occur, which could subject us to lawsuits, product recalls, or redesign efforts, all of which would be time consuming and expensive. Also, negative public perceptions regarding the suitability of lithium-ion cells for automotive applications or any future incident involving lithium-ion cells such as a vehicle or other fire, even if such incident does not involve our vehicles, could seriously harm our business.
In addition, we store a significant number of lithium-ion cells at our facilities. Any mishandling of battery cells may cause disruption to the operation of our facilities. While we have implemented safety procedures related to the handling of the cells, a safety issue or fire related to the cells could disrupt our operations. Such damage or injury could lead to adverse publicity and potentially a safety recall. Moreover, any failure of a competitor's electric vehicle or energy storage product may cause indirect adverse publicity for us and our products. Such adverse publicity could negatively affect our brand and harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
Interruption or failure of our information technology and communications systems could impact our ability to effectively provide our services.
We aim to provide our users with an innovative suite of services through our mobile application. In addition, our in-car services depend to a certain extent, on connectivity. The availability and effectiveness of our services depend on the continued operation of our information technology and communications systems. Our systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from, among others, fire, terrorist attacks, natural disasters, power loss, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, computer denial of service attacks or other attempts to harm our systems. Our data centers are also subject to break-ins, sabotage, and intentional acts of vandalism, and to potential disruptions. Some of our systems are not fully redundant, and our disaster recovery planning cannot account for all eventualities. Any problems at our data centers could result in lengthy interruptions in our service. In addition, our products and services are highly technical and complex and may contain errors or vulnerabilities, which could result in interruptions in our services or the failure of our systems.
We are subject to anti-corruption, anti-bribery, anti-money laundering, financial and economic sanctions and similar laws, and noncompliance with such laws can subject us to administrative, civil and criminal fines and penalties, collateral consequences, remedial measures and legal expenses, all of which could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and reputation.
We are subject to anti-corruption, anti-bribery, anti-money laundering, financial and economic sanctions and similar laws and regulations in various jurisdictions in which we conduct activities, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act 2010, and other anti-corruption laws and regulations. The FCPA and the UK Bribery Act 2010 prohibit us and our officers, directors, employees and business partners acting on our behalf, including agents, from corruptly offering, promising, authorizing or providing anything of value to a "foreign official" for the purposes of influencing official decisions or obtaining or retaining business or otherwise obtaining favorable treatment. The FCPA also requires companies to make and keep books, records and accounts that accurately reflect transactions and dispositions of assets and to maintain a
system of adequate internal accounting controls. The UK Bribery Act also prohibits non-governmental "commercial" bribery and soliciting or accepting bribes. A violation of these laws or regulations could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and reputation.
We have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies and state-owned affiliated entities in the ordinary course of business. We have also entered into joint ventures and/or other business partnerships with government agencies and state-owned or affiliated entities. These interactions subject us to an increased level of compliance-related concerns. We are in the process of implementing policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance by us and our directors, officers, employees, representatives, consultants, agents and business partners with applicable anti-corruption, anti-bribery, anti-money laundering, financial and economic sanctions and similar laws and regulations. However, our policies and procedures may not be sufficient and our directors, officers, employees, representatives, consultants, agents, and business partners could engage in improper conduct for which we may be held responsible.
Non-compliance with anti-corruption, anti-bribery, anti-money laundering or financial and economic sanctions laws could subject us to whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, and severe administrative, civil and criminal sanctions, collateral consequences, remedial measures and legal expenses, all of which could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and reputation. In addition, changes in economic sanctions laws in the future could adversely impact our business and investments in our shares.
Any unauthorized control or manipulation of our vehicles' systems could result in loss of confidence in us and our vehicles and harm our business.
Our vehicles contain complex information technology systems. For example, our vehicles are designed with built-in data connectivity to accept and install periodic remote updates from us to improve or update the functionality of our vehicles. We have designed, implemented and tested security measures intended to prevent unauthorized access to our information technology networks, our vehicles and their systems. However, hackers may attempt in the future, to gain unauthorized access to modify, alter and use such networks, vehicles and systems to gain control of, or to change, our vehicles' functionality, user interface and performance characteristics, or to gain access to data stored in or generated by the vehicle. Vulnerabilities could be identified in the future and our remediation efforts may not be successful. Any unauthorized access to or control of our vehicles or their systems or any loss of data could result in legal claims or proceedings. In addition, regardless of their veracity, reports of unauthorized access to our vehicles, their systems or data, as well as other factors that may result in the perception that our vehicles, their systems or data are capable of being "hacked", could negatively affect our brand and harm our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.
Any financial or economic crisis, or perceived threat of such a crisis, including a significant decrease in consumer confidence, may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The global financial markets experienced significant disruptions in 2008 and the United States, European and other economies went into recession. The recovery from the lows of 2008 and 2009 was uneven and the global financial markets are facing new challenges, including the escalation of the European sovereign debt crisis since 2011, the hostilities in the Ukraine, the end of quantitative easing by the U.S. Federal Reserve and the economic slowdown in the Eurozone in 2014. It is unclear whether these challenges will be contained and what effects they each may have. There is considerable uncertainty over the long-term effects of the expansionary monetary and fiscal policies that have been adopted by the central banks and financial authorities of some of the world's leading economies, including China's. Economic conditions in China are sensitive to global economic conditions. Recently there have been signs that the rate of China's economic growth is declining. Any prolonged slowdown in China's economic development might lead to tighter credit markets, increased market volatility, sudden drops in business and consumer confidence and dramatic changes in business and consumer behaviors.
Sales of high-end and luxury consumer products, such as our performance electric vehicles, depend in part on discretionary consumer spending and are even more exposed to adverse changes in general economic conditions. In response to their perceived uncertainty in economic conditions, consumers might delay, reduce or cancel purchases of our electric vehicles and our results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
Our business could be adversely affected by trade tariffs or other trade barriers.
In March 2018, U.S. President Donald J. Trump announced the imposition of tariffs on steel and aluminum entering the United States and in June 2018 announced further tariffs targeting goods imported from China. Recently both China and the U.S. have each imposed tariffs indicating the potential for further trade barriers. Although we do not currently export any products to the United States, it is not yet clear what impact these tariffs may have or what actions other governments, including the Chinese government may take in retaliation. Although we intend to sell our vehicles only in China in the near future, tariffs could potentially impact our raw material prices. In addition, these developments could have a material adverse effect on global economic conditions and the stability of global financial markets. Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
There are uncertainties relating to our chairman's proposed trust arrangement involving a portion of his shareholding in our company.
Mr. Bin Li, our chairman and chief executive officer, has announced his plan to transfer 50,000,000 shares of our company beneficially owned by him to a trust at an appropriate time after the completion of this offering. He plans to retain the voting rights of these shares and let NIO users discuss and propose how to use the economic interests of these shares, through certain mechanisms to be implemented in the future. Mr. Li hopes this trust arrangement will help deepen our relationship with users. However, there is no specific timeline for the establishment of the trust and the terms of the trust are yet to be determined. Mr. Li may face unforeseen challenges in establishing the trust and determining its terms, which may cause the trust set-up to be delayed or changed. In addition, the mechanisms for letting NIO user discuss on the use of the economic interests of the shares have yet to be implemented. There is no assurance that such mechanisms will be adopted to our users' satisfaction, or at all. Furthermore, depending on the proposed use of the economic interests of the shares in the future, there could be accounting implications to us, which implications we cannot presently ascertain.
We face risks related to natural disasters, health epidemics and other outbreaks, which could significantly disrupt our operations.
Our business could be adversely affected by the effects of epidemics. In recent years, there have been outbreaks of epidemics in China and globally. Our business operations could be disrupted if any of our employees are suspected of having H1N1 flu, avian flu or another epidemic, since it could require our employees to be quarantined and/or our offices to be disinfected. In addition, our results of operations could be adversely affected to the extent that the outbreak harms the Chinese economy in general.
We are also vulnerable to natural disasters and other calamities. Although we have servers that are hosted in an offsite location, our backup system does not capture data on a real-time basis and we may be unable to recover certain data in the event of a server failure. We cannot assure you that any backup systems will be adequate to protect us from the effects of fire, floods, typhoons, earthquakes, power loss, telecommunications failures, break-ins, war, riots, terrorist attacks or similar events. Any of the foregoing events may give rise to interruptions, breakdowns, system failures, technology platform failures or internet failures, which could cause the loss or corruption of data or malfunctions of software or hardware as well as adversely affect our ability to provide services on our platform.
Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure
If the PRC government deems that our contractual arrangements with our variable interest entities do not comply with PRC regulatory restrictions on foreign investment in the relevant industries, or if these regulations or the interpretation of existing regulations change in the future, we could be subject to severe penalties or be forced to relinquish our interests in those operations.
According to the Guidance Catalogue of Industries for Foreign Investment promulgated in 2017, or the Catalogue, foreign ownership of certain areas of businesses are subject to restrictions under current PRC laws and regulations. For example, foreign investors are not allowed to own more than 50% of the equity interests in a value-added telecommunication service provider (except e-commerce) or in a vehicle manufacturer which manufactures the whole vehicle. The Catalogue was amended by the Negative List effective on July 28, 2018, which lifts restrictions on foreign investment in NEVs manufacturers.
We are a Cayman Islands company and our PRC subsidiaries are considered foreign-invested enterprises. To comply with the Catalogue, we planned to conduct certain operations in China through certain PRC entities, including NIO New Energy. NIO Co., Ltd. owns 50% equity interests in NIO New Energy. Our founders Bin Li and Lihong Qin, through holding equity interest in Shanghai Anbin Technology Co., Ltd. indirectly own 40% and 10%, respectively, of the equity interests in NIO New Energy. With respect to the 50% equity interests of NIO New Energy indirectly held by the founders, we have entered into a series of contractual arrangements with Shanghai Anbin Technology Co., Ltd., or Shanghai Anbin, and its shareholders, which enable us to (i) ultimately exercise effective control over such 50% equity interests of NIO New Energy, (ii) receive 50% of substantially all of the economic benefits and bear the obligation to absorb 50% of substantially all of the losses of NIO New Energy, and (iii) have an exclusive option to purchase all or part of the equity interests in Shanghai Anbin when and to the extent permitted by PRC laws, as a result of which we will indirectly own all or part of such 50% equity interests in NIO New Energy. Because of the ownership of 50% equity interests of NIO New Energy and these contractual arrangements, we are the primary beneficiary of NIO New Energy and hence consolidate its financial results as our variable interest entity under U.S. GAAP. We have also entered into a series of contractual arrangements with Beijing NIO, and its shareholders, which enable us to hold all the required ICP and related licenses in China. For a detailed description of these contractual arrangements, see "Corporate History and Structure."
In the opinion of Han Kun Law Offices, our PRC legal counsel, (i) the ownership structure of NIO Co., Ltd. and our variable interest entities in China, both currently and immediately after giving effect to this offering, does not result in any violation of PRC laws and regulations currently in effect; and (ii) the contractual arrangements between our wholly-owned subsidiary NIO Co., Ltd., our variable interest entities and their shareholders governed by PRC law will not result in any violation of PRC laws or regulations currently in effect. However, we have been advised by our PRC legal counsel that there are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of current and future PRC laws, regulations and rules, and there can be no assurance that the PRC regulatory authorities will take a view that is consistent with the opinion of our PRC legal counsel.
It is uncertain whether any new PRC laws or regulations relating to variable interest entity structures will be adopted or if adopted, what they would provide. In particular, the Ministry of Commerce published a discussion draft of a proposed Foreign Investment Law for public review and comments in January 2015 which, if enacted into law, would represent a major change to the laws and regulations relating to variable interest entity structures. See "—Risks Relating to Doing Business in China—Substantial uncertainties exist with respect to the enactment timetable, interpretation and implementation of draft PRC Foreign Investment Law and how it may impact the viability of our current corporate structure, corporate governance and business operations".
If the ownership structure, contractual arrangements and businesses of our PRC subsidiaries or our variable interest entities are found to be in violation of any existing or future PRC laws or regulations, or our PRC
subsidiaries or our variable interest entities fail to obtain or maintain any of the required permits or approvals, the relevant PRC regulatory authorities would have broad discretion to take action in dealing with such violations or failures, including:
revoking the business licenses and/or operating licenses of such entities;
shutting down our servers or blocking our website, or discontinuing or placing restrictions or onerous conditions on our operation through any transactions between our PRC subsidiaries and variable interest entities;
imposing fines, confiscating the income from our PRC subsidiaries or our variable interest entities, or imposing other requirements with which we or our variable interest entities may not be able to comply;
requiring us to restructure our ownership structure or operations, including terminating the contractual arrangements with our variable interest entities and deregistering the equity pledge of our variable interest entities, which in turn would affect our ability to consolidate, derive economic interests from, or exert effective control over our variable interest entities; or
restricting or prohibiting our use of the proceeds of this offering to finance our business and operations in China, and taking other regulatory or enforcement actions that could be harmful to our business.
Any of these actions could cause significant disruption to our business operations and severely damage our reputation, which would in turn materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. If any of these occurrences results in our inability to direct the activities of our variable interest entities that most significantly impact its economic performance, and/or our failure to receive the economic benefits from our variable interest entities, we may not be able to consolidate the entities in our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
We rely on contractual arrangements with our variable interest entities and their shareholders to exercise control over our business, which may not be as effective as direct ownership in providing operational control.
We have relied and expect to continue to rely on contractual arrangements with Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO and their shareholders to conduct a portion of our operations in China. For a description of these contractual arrangements, see "Corporate History and Structure." The shareholders of Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO may not act in the best interests of our company or may not perform their obligations under these contracts. If we had direct ownership of our VIEs, we would be able to exercise our rights as a shareholder to control our VIEs to excise rights of shareholders to effect changes in the board of directors of our VIEs, which in turn could implement changes, subject to any applicable fiduciary obligations, at the management and operational level. However, under the contractual arrangements, we would rely on legal remedies under PRC law for breach of contract in the event that Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO and their shareholders did not perform their obligations under the contracts. These legal remedies may not be as effective as direct ownership in providing us with control over Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO.
If Shanghai Anbin or Beijing NIO or their shareholders fail to perform their obligations under the contractual arrangements, we may have to incur substantial costs and expend additional resources to enforce such arrangements, and rely on legal remedies under PRC laws, including contractual remedies, which may not be sufficient or effective. All of the agreements under our contractual arrangements are governed by and interpreted in accordance with PRC laws, and disputes arising from these contractual arrangements will be resolved through arbitration in China. However, the legal framework and system in China, in particularly those relating to arbitration proceedings, are not as developed as in some other jurisdictions, such as the United States. As a result, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could limit our ability to enforce these contractual arrangements. Meanwhile, there are very few precedents and little formal guidance as to how contractual arrangements in the context of a variable interest entity should be interpreted or enforced under PRC law. There remain significant
uncertainties regarding the ultimate outcome of such arbitration should legal action become necessary. In addition, under PRC laws, rulings by arbitrators are final, parties cannot appeal the arbitration results in courts, and if the losing parties fail to carry out the arbitration awards within a prescribed time limit, the prevailing parties may only enforce the arbitration awards in the PRC courts through arbitration award recognition proceedings, which would require additional expenses and delay. If we are unable to enforce these contractual arrangements, or if we suffer significant delay or face other obstacles in the process of enforcing these contractual arrangements, we may not be able to exert effective control over our variable interest entities, and our ability to conduct our business may be negatively affected. See "—Risks Relating to Doing Business in China—Uncertainties in the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws and regulations could limit the legal protections available to you and us."
Our ability to enforce the equity pledge agreements between us and our PRC variable interest entities' shareholders may be subject to limitations based on PRC laws and regulations.
Pursuant to the equity interest pledge agreements between Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO, our variable interest entities, and NIO Co., Ltd., our wholly-owned PRC subsidiary, and the shareholders of Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO, each shareholder of Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO agrees to pledge its equity interests in Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO to our subsidiary to secure Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO's performance of its obligations under the relevant contractual arrangements. The equity interest pledges of shareholders of each of Beijing NIO and Shanghai Anbin under its equity pledge agreement has been registered with the relevant local branch of State Administration for Market Regulation, or the SAMR. In addition, in the registration forms of the local branch of the SAMR for the pledges over the equity interests under the equity interest pledge agreements, the aggregate amount of registered equity interests pledged to NIO Co., Ltd. represents 100% of the registered capital of Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO. The equity interest pledge agreements with our variable interest entities' shareholders provide that the pledged equity interest shall constitute continuing security for any and all of the indebtedness, obligations and liabilities under all of the principal service agreements and the scope of pledge shall not be limited by the amount of the registered capital of that variable interest entity. However, a PRC court may take the position that the amount listed on the equity pledge registration forms represents the full amount of the collateral that has been registered and perfected. If this is the case, the obligations that are supposed to be secured in the equity interest pledge agreements in excess of the amount listed on the equity pledge registration forms could be determined by the PRC court as unsecured debt, which typically takes last priority among creditors.
The shareholders of our variable interest entities may have potential conflicts of interest with us, which may materially and adversely affect our business and financial condition.
Our founders Bin Li and Lihong Qin, owns 80% and 20%, respectively, of the equity interests in our variable interest entities, Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO. As shareholders of Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO, they may have potential conflicts of interest with us. These shareholders may breach, or cause our variable interest entities to breach, or refuse to renew, the existing contractual arrangements we have with them and our variable interest entities, which would have a material and adverse effect on our ability to effectively control our variable interest entities and receive economic benefits from them. For example, the shareholders may be able to cause our agreements with Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO to be performed in a manner adverse to us by, among other things, failing to remit payments due under the contractual arrangements to us on a timely basis. We cannot assure you that when conflicts of interest arise, any or all of these shareholders will act in the best interests of our company or such conflicts will be resolved in our favor.
Currently, we do not have any arrangements to address potential conflicts of interest between these shareholders and our company. Each of Bin Li and Lihong Qin is also a director and executive officer of our company. We rely on Bin Li and Lihong Qin to abide by the laws of the Cayman Islands and China, which provide that directors owe a fiduciary duty to the company that requires them to act in good faith and in what they believe to be the best interests of the company and not to use their position for personal gains. There is
currently no specific and clear guidance under PRC laws that addresses any conflict between PRC laws and laws of Cayman Islands in respect of any conflict relating to corporate governance. If we cannot resolve any conflict of interest or dispute between us and the shareholders of Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO, we would have to rely on legal proceedings, which could result in disruption of our business and subject us to substantial uncertainty as to the outcome of any such legal proceedings.
Our contractual arrangements with our variable interest entities may be subject to scrutiny by the PRC tax authorities and they may determine that we or our variable interest entities owe additional taxes, which could negatively affect our financial condition and the value of your investment.
Under applicable PRC laws and regulations, arrangements and transactions among related parties may be subject to audit or challenge by the PRC tax authorities within ten years after the taxable year when the transactions are conducted. The PRC enterprise income tax law requires every enterprise in China to submit its annual enterprise income tax return together with a report on transactions with its related parties to the relevant tax authorities. The tax authorities may impose reasonable adjustments on taxation if they have identified any related party transactions that are inconsistent with arm's length principles. We may face material and adverse tax consequences if the PRC tax authorities determine that the contractual arrangements between NIO Co., Ltd., our wholly-owned subsidiary in China, Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO, our variable interest entities in China, and Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO's shareholders were not entered into on an arm's length basis in such a way as to result in an impermissible reduction in taxes under applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations, and adjust Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO's income in the form of a transfer pricing adjustment. A transfer pricing adjustment could, among other things, result in a reduction of expense deductions recorded by Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO for PRC tax purposes, which could in turn increase its tax liabilities without reducing NIO Co., Ltd.'s tax expenses. In addition, if NIO Co., Ltd. requests the shareholders of Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO to transfer their equity interest in NIO Co., Ltd. at nominal or no value pursuant to the contractual agreements, such transfer could be viewed as a gift and subject NIO Co., Ltd. to PRC income tax. Furthermore, the PRC tax authorities may impose late payment fees and other penalties on Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO for the adjusted but unpaid taxes according to the applicable regulations. Our financial position could be materially and adversely affected if any of our variable interest entities' tax liabilities increase or if it is required to pay late payment fees and other penalties.
We may lose the ability to use and benefit from assets held by our variable interest entities that are material to the operation of our business if either of our variable interest entities goes bankrupt or becomes subject to dissolution or liquidation proceeding.
As part of our contractual arrangements with our variable interest entities, these entities may in the future hold certain assets that are material to the operation of our business. If either of our variable interest entities goes bankrupt and all or part of their assets become subject to liens or rights of third-party creditors, we may be unable to continue some or all of our business activities, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Under the contractual arrangements, our variable interest entities may not, in any manner, sell, transfer, mortgage or dispose of their assets or legal or beneficial interests in the business without our prior consent. If either of our variable interest entities undergoes voluntary or involuntary liquidation proceeding, unrelated third-party creditors may claim rights to some or all of these assets, thereby hindering our ability to operate our business, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Relating to Doing Business in China
Changes in China's economic, political or social conditions or government policies could have a material and adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Substantially all of our revenues are expected to be derived in China in the near future and most of our operations, including all of our manufacturing, is conducted in China. Accordingly, our results of operations,
financial condition and prospects are influenced by economic, political and legal developments in China. China's economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including with respect to the amount of government involvement, level of development, growth rate, control of foreign exchange and allocation of resources. The PRC government exercises significant control over China's economic growth through strategically allocating resources, controlling the payment of foreign currency-denominated obligations, setting monetary policy and providing preferential treatment to particular industries or companies. While the PRC economy has experienced significant growth over the past decades, that growth has been uneven across different regions and between economic sectors and may not continue, as evidenced by the slowing of the growth of the Chinese economy since 2012. Any adverse changes in economic conditions in China, in the policies of the Chinese government or in the laws and regulations in China could have a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth of China. Such developments could adversely affect our business and operating results, leading to reduction in demand for our services and solutions and adversely affect our competitive position.
Uncertainties in the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws and regulations could limit the legal protections available to you and us.
The PRC legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike the common law system, prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value.
Our PRC subsidiaries are foreign-invested enterprises and are subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign-invested enterprises as well as various Chinese laws and regulations generally applicable to companies incorporated in China. However, since these laws and regulations are relatively new and the PRC legal system continues to rapidly evolve, the interpretations of many laws, regulations and rules are not always uniform and enforcement of these laws, regulations and rules involves uncertainties.
From time to time, we may have to resort to administrative and court proceedings to enforce our legal rights. However, since PRC administrative and court authorities have significant discretion in interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms, it may be more difficult to evaluate the outcome of administrative and court proceedings and the level of protection we enjoy than in more developed legal systems. Furthermore, the PRC legal system is based in part on government policies and internal rules, some of which are not published on a timely basis or at all, and which may have a retroactive effect. As a result, we may not be aware of our violation of any of these policies and rules until sometime after the violation. Such uncertainties, including uncertainty over the scope and effect of our contractual, property (including intellectual property) and procedural rights, and any failure to respond to changes in the regulatory environment in China could materially and adversely affect our business and impede our ability to continue our operations.
Substantial uncertainties exist with respect to the enactment timetable, interpretation and implementation of draft PRC Foreign Investment Law and how it may impact the viability of our current corporate structure, corporate governance and operations.
The Ministry of Commerce published a discussion draft of the proposed Foreign Investment Law in January 2015. This law, if enacted, would replace the trio of existing laws regulating foreign investment in China, namely, the Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Enterprise Law, the Sino-foreign Cooperative Joint Venture Enterprise Law and the Wholly Foreign-invested Enterprise Law, together with their implementation rules and ancillary regulations. The draft Foreign Investment Law embodies an expected PRC regulatory trend to rationalize its foreign investment regulatory regime in line with prevailing international practice and the legislative efforts to unify the corporate legal requirements for both foreign and domestic investments. However, substantial uncertainties exist with respect to its enactment timetable, interpretation and implementation. The draft Foreign Investment Law, if enacted as proposed, may materially impact the viability of our current corporate structure, corporate governance and business operations in many aspects.
Among other things, the draft Foreign Investment Law expands the definition of foreign investment and introduces the principle of "actual control" in determining whether a company is considered as a foreign-invested
enterprise. The draft Foreign Investment Law specifically provides that entities established in China but "controlled" by foreign investors will be treated as foreign-invested enterprises. However, a foreign-invested enterprise that is subject to foreign investment restrictions, upon market entry clearance, may apply in writing for being treated as a PRC domestic investment if it is ultimately "controlled" by PRC government authorities and its affiliates and/or PRC citizens. In this connection, "control" is broadly defined in the draft law to cover the following summarized categories: (i) holding 50% or more of the voting rights of the subject entity; (ii) holding less than 50% of the voting rights of the subject entity but having the power to secure at least 50% of the seats on the board or other equivalent decision making bodies, or having the voting power to exert material influence on the board, the shareholders' meeting or other equivalent decision making bodies; or (iii) having the power to exert decisive influence, via contractual or trust arrangements, over the subject entity's operations, financial matters or other key aspects of business operations. Once an entity is considered to be a foreign-invested enterprise, it may be subject to the foreign investment restrictions or prohibitions set forth in a "negative list" to be separately issued by the State Council later. If a foreign-invested enterprise proposes to conduct business in an industry subject to foreign investment "restrictions" in the "negative list," the foreign-invested enterprise must go through a market entry clearance by the Ministry of Commerce before being established, and it may not conduct business in an industry subject to foreign investment "prohibitions" in the "negative list." Unless the underlying business of the foreign-invested enterprise falls within the negative list, which calls for market entry clearance by the Ministry of Commerce or its local counterparts, prior approval from the government authorities as mandated by the existing foreign investment legal regime would no longer be required for establishment of the foreign-invested enterprise.
The "variable interest entity" structure has been adopted by many PRC-based companies, including us, to obtain necessary licenses and permits in the industries that are currently subject to foreign investment restrictions in China. See "—Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure" and "Our Corporate History and Structure." Under the draft Foreign Investment Law, variable interest entities that are controlled via contractual arrangement would also be deemed as foreign-invested enterprises if they are ultimately "controlled" by foreign investors. Therefore, for any companies with a "variable interest entity" structure in an industry category that is in the "restriction category" on the "negative list," the "variable interest entity" structure may be deemed legitimate only if the ultimate controlling person(s) is/are of PRC nationality, namely, either PRC companies or PRC citizens. Conversely, if the actual controlling person(s) is/are of foreign nationalities, then the variable interest entities will be treated as foreign-invested enterprises and any operation in the industry category on the "negative list" without market entry clearance may be considered as illegal.
As of the date of this prospectus, no PRC citizen possess or controls more than 50% of the voting power of our company, has the power to secure at least 50% of the seats on our board of directors or has the voting power to exert material influence on the board or our shareholders' meeting, or has the power to exert decisive influence, via contractual or trust arrangements, over our operations, financial matters or other key aspects of business operations. In the draft Foreign Investment Law, the Ministry of Commerce has not taken a position on what actions must be taken with respect to the existing companies with a "variable interest entity" structure, whether or not these companies are controlled by PRC parties. Moreover, it is uncertain whether the value-added telecommunication service industry, in which our variable interest entities operate, will be subject to the foreign investment restrictions or prohibitions set forth in the "negative list" to be issued. If the enacted version of the Foreign Investment Law and the final "negative list" mandate further actions, such as market entry clearance granted by the Ministry of Commerce, to be completed by companies with existing "variable interest entity" structure like us, we face uncertainties as to whether such clearance can be timely obtained, or at all.
The draft Foreign Investment Law, if enacted as proposed, may also materially impact our corporate governance practice and increase our compliance costs. For instance, the draft Foreign Investment Law imposes stringent ad hoc and periodic information reporting requirements on foreign investors and the applicable foreign-invested enterprises. Aside from an investment implementation report and an investment amendment report that are required for each investment and alteration of investment specifics, an annual report is mandatory, and large foreign investors meeting certain criteria are required to report on a quarterly basis. Any company found to be
non-compliant with these information reporting obligations may potentially be subject to fines and/or administrative or criminal liabilities, and the persons directly responsible may be subject to criminal liabilities.
We may be adversely affected by the complexity, uncertainties and changes in PRC regulations on internet-related as well as automotive businesses and companies.
We operate in automotive and internet industry, both of which are extensively regulated by the PRC government. For example, the PRC government imposes foreign ownership restriction and the licensing and permit requirements for companies in the internet industry. See "Regulation—Regulation on Foreign Investment in China" and "Regulation—Regulations on Value-added Telecommunications Services." Recently, the MOFCOM and NDRC promulgated the Negative List, which lifts restrictions on foreign investment on the production of new energy vehicles, effective on July 28, 2018. These laws and regulations are relatively new and evolving, and their interpretation and enforcement involve significant uncertainties. As a result, in certain circumstances it may be difficult to determine what actions or omissions may be deemed to be in violation of applicable laws and regulations.
Currently we rely on the contractual arrangements with Beijing NIO, one of our variable interest entities, to hold an ICP license, and separately own the relevant domain names and trademarks in connection with our internet services and operate our website and mobile application through NIO Co., Ltd. Our internet services may be treated as a value-added telecommunications business. If so, we may be required to transfer the domain names, trademark and the operations of the internet services from NIO Co., Ltd. to Beijing NIO, and we may also be subject to administrative penalties. Further, any challenge to the validity of these arrangements may significantly disrupt our business, subject us to sanctions, compromise enforceability of our contractual arrangements, or have other harmful effects on us. It is uncertain if Beijing NIO will be required to obtain a separate operating license for certain services carried out by us through our mobile application in addition to the valued-added telecommunications business operating licenses for internet content provision services, and if Beijing NIO will be required to supplement our current ICP license in the future.
In addition, our mobile applications are also regulated by the Administrative Provisions on Mobile Internet Applications Information Services, or the APP Provisions, promulgated by the Cyberspace Administration of China, or the CAC, on June 28, 2016 and effective on August 1, 2016. According to the APP Provisions, the providers of mobile applications shall not create, copy, publish or distribute information and content that is prohibited by laws and regulations. However, we cannot assure that all the information or content displayed on, retrieved from or linked to our mobile applications complies with the requirements of the APP Provisions at all times. If our mobile applications were found to be violating the APP Provisions, we may be subject to administrative penalties, including warning, service suspension or removal of our mobile applications from the relevant mobile application store, which may materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.
The interpretation and application of existing PRC laws, regulations and policies and possible new laws, regulations or policies relating to the internet industry, particularly the policies relating to value-added telecommunications services, have created substantial uncertainties regarding the legality of existing and future foreign investments in the businesses and activities of internet businesses in China, including our business.
Several PRC regulatory authorities, such as the SAMR, the NDRC, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, or the MIIT, and the Ministry of Commerce, or the MOFCOM, oversee different aspects of our operations, and we are required to obtain a wide range of government approvals, licenses, permits and registrations in connection with our operations. For example, certain filings must be made by automobile dealers through the information system for the national automobile circulation operated by the relevant commerce department within 90 days after the receipt of a business license. Furthermore, the NEV industry is relatively new in China, and the PRC government has not adopted a clear regulatory framework to regulate the industry. As some of the laws, rules and regulations that we may be subject to were primarily enacted with a view toward application to ICE vehicles, or are relatively new, there is significant uncertainty regarding their interpretation
and application with respect to our business. For example, it remains unclear under PRC laws whether our charging trucks need to be registered with related local traffic management authorities or obtain transportation operation licenses for their services. In addition, the government may enact new laws and regulations that require additional licenses, permits, approvals and/or registrations for the operation of any of our existing or future business. As a result. we cannot assure you that we have all the permits, licenses, registrations and approvals required for our business or that we will be able to obtain, maintain or renew permits, licenses, registrations and approvals in a timely manner or at all.
We may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our PRC subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we may have, and any limitation on the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to make payments to us could have a material and adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business.
We are a holding company, and we may rely on dividends and other distributions on equity paid by our PRC subsidiaries for our cash and financing requirements, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to our shareholders and service any debt we may incur. Current PRC regulations permit our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends to us only out of their accumulated after-tax profits upon satisfaction of relevant statutory conditions and procedures, if any, determined in accordance with Chinese accounting standards and regulations. In addition, each of our PRC subsidiaries is required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profits each year, if any, to fund certain reserve funds until the total amount set aside reaches 50% of its registered capital. As of June 30, 2018, our variable interest entities had not made appropriations to statutory reserves as our PRC subsidiaries and our variable interest entities reported accumulated loss. For a detailed discussion of applicable PRC regulations governing distribution of dividends, see "Regulation—Regulation on Dividend Distribution." Additionally, if our PRC subsidiaries incur debt on their own behalf in the future, the instruments governing their debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us. Furthermore, the PRC tax authorities may require our subsidiaries to adjust their taxable income under the contractual arrangements they currently have in place with our variable interest entities in a manner that would materially and adversely affect their ability to pay dividends and other distributions to us. See "—Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure—Our contractual arrangements with variable interest entities may be subject to scrutiny by the PRC tax authorities and they may determine that we or our variable interest entities owe additional taxes, which could negatively affect our financial condition and the value of your investment."
Any limitation on the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other distributions to us could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our business, pay dividends, or otherwise fund and conduct our business. See "—If we are classified as a PRC resident enterprise for PRC income tax purposes, such classification could result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders or ADS holders."
We have granted, and may continue to grant options and other types of awards under our share incentive plan, which may result in increased share-based compensation expenses.
We adopted share incentive plans in 2015, 2016 and 2017, which we refer to as the 2015 Plan, the 2016 Plan and the 2017 Plan, respectively, in this prospectus, for the purpose of granting share-based compensation awards to employees, directors and consultants to incentivize their performance and align their interests with ours. We recognize expenses in our consolidated statement of income in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under our share incentive plans, we are authorized to grant options and other types of awards. Under the 2015 Plan, the 2016 Plan and the 2017 Plan, the maximum numbers of Class A ordinary shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards are 46,264,378, 18,000,000 and 33,000,000, respectively. As of June 30, 2018, awards to purchase an aggregate amount of 88,939,542 Class A ordinary shares under our three stock incentive plans have been granted and are outstanding, excluding awards that were forfeited or cancelled after the relevant grant dates. As a result, a number of awards will become exercisable once we complete this offering, and we will then record a significant share-based compensation expense on the completion date of this offering. As of June 30, 2018, our unrecognized share-based compensation expenses, net of estimated forfeitures, amounted to RMB735.7 million (US$111.2 million).
We believe the granting of share-based awards is of significant importance to our ability to attract and retain key personnel and employees, and we will continue to grant share-based compensation to employees in the future. As a result, our expenses associated with share-based compensation may increase, which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
Furthermore, perspective candidates and existing employees often consider the value of the equity awards they receive in connection with their employment. Thus, our ability to attract or retain highly skilled employees may be adversely affected by declines in the perceived value of our equity or equity awards. Furthermore, there are no assurances that the number of shares reserved for issuance under our share incentive plans will be sufficient to grant equity awards adequate to recruit new employees and to compensate existing employees.
Increases in labor costs and enforcement of stricter labor laws and regulations in the PRC may adversely affect our business and our profitability.
China's overall economy and the average wage in China have increased in recent years and are expected to grow. The average wage level for our employees has also increased in recent years. We expect that our labor costs, including wages and employee benefits, will increase. Unless we are able to pass on these increased labor costs to those who pay for our services, our profitability and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
In addition, we have been subject to stricter regulatory requirements in terms of entering into labor contracts with our employees and paying various statutory employee benefits, including pensions, housing fund, medical insurance, work-related injury insurance, unemployment insurance and maternity insurance to designated government agencies for the benefit of our employees. Pursuant to the PRC Labor Contract Law and its implementation rules, employers are subject to stricter requirements in terms of signing labor contracts, minimum wages, paying remuneration, determining the term of employee's probation and unilaterally terminating labor contracts. In the event that we decide to terminate some of our employees or otherwise change our employment or labor practices, the PRC Labor Contract Law and its implementation rules may limit our ability to effect those changes in a desirable or cost-effective manner, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
In October 2010, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress promulgated the PRC Social Insurance Law, which came into effect on July 1, 2011. On April 3, 1999, the State Council promulgated the Regulations on the Administration of Housing Funds, which was amended on March 24, 2002. Companies registered and operating in China are required under the Social Insurance Law and the Regulations on the Administration of Housing Funds to, apply for social insurance registration and housing fund deposit registration within 30 days of their establishment and, to pay for their employees different social insurance including pension insurance, medical insurance, work-related injury insurance, unemployment insurance and maternity insurance to the extent required by law. However, certain of our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs that do not hire any employees and are not a party to any employment agreement, have not applied for and obtained such registration, and instead of paying the social insurance payment on their own for their employees, certain of our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs use third-party agencies to pay in the name of such agency. We could be subject to orders by the competent labor authorities for rectification and failure to comply with the orders may further subject us to administrative fines.
As the interpretation and implementation of labor-related laws and regulations are still evolving, our employment practices may violate labor-related laws and regulations in China, which may subject us to labor disputes or government investigations. We cannot assure you that we have complied or will be able to comply with all labor-related law and regulations including those relating to obligations to make social insurance payments and contribute to the housing provident funds. If we are deemed to have violated relevant labor laws and regulations, we could be required to provide additional compensation to our employees and our business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected.
Fluctuations in exchange rates could have a material and adverse effect on our results of operations and the value of your investment.
The value of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other currencies is affected by changes in China's political and economic conditions and by China's foreign exchange policies, among other things. In July 2005, the PRC government changed its decades-old policy of pegging the value of Renminbi to the U.S. dollar, and Renminbi appreciated more than 20% against the U.S. dollar over the following three years. Between July 2008 and June 2010, this appreciation halted and the exchange rate between Renminbi and the U.S. dollar remained within a narrow band. Since June 2010, Renminbi has fluctuated against the U.S. dollar, at times significantly and unpredictably. In the fourth quarter of 2016, the Renminbi depreciated significantly in the backdrop of a surging U.S. dollar and persistent capital outflows of China. The Renminbi appreciated approximately 10% against the U.S. dollar in 2017, reversing three consecutive years of depreciation. In the first quarter of 2018, the Renminbi continued to appreciate. However, the RMB has depreciated significantly in the second and third quarter of 2018. With the development of the foreign exchange market and progress towards interest rate liberalization and Renminbi internationalization, the PRC government may in the future announce further changes to the exchange rate system and the Renminbi could appreciate or depreciate significantly in value against the U.S. dollar in the future. It is difficult to predict how market forces or PRC or U.S. government policy may impact the exchange rate between Renminbi and the U.S. dollar in the future.
There remains significant international pressure on the PRC government to adopt a more flexible currency policy. Any significant appreciation or depreciation of Renminbi may materially and adversely affect our revenues, earnings and financial position, and the value of, and any dividends payable on, our ADSs in U.S. dollars. For example, to the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars we receive from this initial public offering into Renminbi to pay our operating expenses, appreciation of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar would have an adverse effect on the RMB amount we would receive from the conversion. Conversely, a significant depreciation of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar may significantly reduce the U.S. dollar equivalent of our earnings, which in turn could adversely affect the price of our ADSs.
Very limited hedging options are available in China to reduce our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations. To date, we have not entered into any hedging transactions in an effort to reduce our exposure to foreign currency exchange risk. While we may decide to enter into hedging transactions in the future, the availability and effectiveness of these hedges may be limited and we may not be able to adequately hedge our exposure or at all. In addition, our currency exchange losses may be magnified by PRC exchange control regulations that restrict our ability to convert Renminbi into foreign currency. As a result, fluctuations in exchange rates may have a material adverse effect on your investment.
PRC regulation of loans to and direct investment in PRC entities by offshore holding companies and governmental control of currency conversion may delay or prevent us from using the proceeds of our offshore offerings to make loans to or make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.
Under PRC laws and regulations, we are permitted to utilize the proceeds from this offering to fund our PRC subsidiaries by making loans to or additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries, subject to applicable government registration, statutory limitations on amount and approval requirements. For more details, see "Regulation—Regulations on Foreign Exchange." These PRC laws and regulations may significantly limit our ability to use Renminbi converted from the net proceeds of this offering to fund the establishment of new entities in China by our PRC subsidiaries, to invest in or acquire any other PRC companies through our PRC subsidiaries, or to establish new variable interest entities in China. Moreover, we cannot assure you that we will be able to complete the necessary registrations or obtain the necessary government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, with respect to future loans to our PRC subsidiaries or future capital contributions by us to our PRC subsidiaries. If we fail to complete such registrations or obtain such approvals, our ability to use the proceeds we received or expect to receive from our offshore offerings and to capitalize or otherwise fund our PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.
On December 26, 2017, the NDRC issued the Management Rules for Overseas Investment by Enterprises, or Order 11. On February 11, 2018, the Catalog on Overseas Investment in Sensitive Industries (2018 Edition), or the Sensitive Industries List was promulgated. Overseas investment governed by Order 11 refers to the investment activities conducted by an enterprise located in the territory of China either directly or via an overseas enterprise under its control through making investment with assets and equities or providing financing or guarantees in order to obtain overseas ownership, control, management rights and other related interests, and overseas investment by a PRC individual through overseas enterprises under his/her control is also subject to Order 11. According to Order 11, before being conducted, any overseas investment in a sensitive industry or any direct investment by a Chinese enterprise in a non-sensitive industry but with an investment amount over USD300 million requires approval from, or filing with, NDRC respectively, and for those non-sensitive investments indirectly by Chinese investors (including PRC individuals) with investment amount over USD300 million need to be reported. However uncertainties remain with respect to the interpretation and application of Order 11, we are not sure whether our using of proceeds will be subject to Order 11. If we fail to obtain the approval, complete the filing or report our overseas investment with our proceeds (as the case may be) in a timely manner provided that Order 11 is applicable, we may be forced to suspend or cease our investment, or be subject to penalties or other liabilities, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and prospects.
Governmental control of currency conversion may limit our ability to utilize our revenues effectively and affect the value of your investment.
The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of Renminbi into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. Under existing PRC foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, such as profit distributions and trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, approval from or registration with appropriate governmental authorities is required where Renminbi is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of China to pay capital expenses such as the repayment of loans denominated in foreign currencies. See "Regulation—Regulations on Foreign Exchange."
Since 2016, the PRC government has tightened its foreign exchange policies again and stepped up scrutiny of major outbound capital movement. More restrictions and a substantial vetting process have been put in place by SAFE to regulate cross-border transactions falling under the capital account. The PRC government may also restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions, at its discretion. We receive substantially all of our revenues in RMB. If the foreign exchange control system prevents us from obtaining sufficient foreign currencies to satisfy our foreign currency demands, we may not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to our shareholders, including holders of our ADSs.
PRC regulations relating to offshore investment activities by PRC residents may limit our PRC subsidiaries' ability to increase their registered capital or distribute profits to us or otherwise expose us or our PRC resident beneficial owners to liability and penalties under PRC law.
SAFE requires PRC residents or entities to register with SAFE or its local branch in connection with their establishment or control of an offshore entity established for the purpose of overseas investment or financing. In addition, such PRC residents or entities must update their SAFE registrations when the offshore special purpose vehicle undergoes certain material events. See "Regulation—Regulations on Foreign Exchange—Offshore Investment."
If our shareholders who are PRC residents or entities do not complete their registration with the local SAFE branches, our PRC subsidiaries may be prohibited from distributing their profits and any proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation to us, and we may be restricted in our ability to contribute additional capital to our PRC subsidiaries. Moreover, failure to comply with SAFE registration requirements could result in liability under PRC laws for evasion of applicable foreign exchange restrictions.
However, we may not be informed of the identities of all the PRC residents or entities holding direct or indirect interests in our company, nor can we compel our beneficial owners to comply with SAFE registration requirements. As a result, we cannot assure you that all of our shareholders or beneficial owners who are PRC residents or entities have complied with, and will in the future make or obtain any applicable registrations or approvals required by, SAFE regulations. Failure by such shareholders or beneficial owners to comply with SAFE regulations, or failure by us to amend the foreign exchange registrations of our PRC subsidiaries, could subject us to fines or legal sanctions, restrict our overseas or cross-border investment activities, limit our PRC subsidiaries' ability to make distributions or pay dividends to us or affect our ownership structure, which could adversely affect our business and prospects.
China's M&A Rules and certain other PRC regulations establish complex procedures for certain acquisitions of PRC companies by foreign investors, which could make it more difficult for us to pursue growth through acquisitions in China.
A number of PRC laws and regulations have established procedures and requirements that could make merger and acquisition activities in China by foreign investors more time consuming and complex. In addition to the Anti-monopoly Law itself, these include the Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors, or the M&A Rules, adopted by six PRC regulatory agencies in 2006, and the Rules of the Ministry of Commerce on Implementation of Security Review System of Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors, or the Security Review Rules, promulgated in 2011. These laws and regulations impose requirements in some instances that the Ministry of Commerce be notified in advance of any change-of-control transaction in which a foreign investor takes control of a PRC domestic enterprise. In addition, the Anti-Monopoly Law requires that the Ministry of Commerce be notified in advance of any concentration of undertaking if certain thresholds are triggered. Moreover, the Security Review Rules specify that mergers and acquisitions by foreign investors that raise "national defense and security" concerns and mergers and acquisitions through which foreign investors may acquire de facto control over domestic enterprises that raise "national security" concerns are subject to strict review by the Ministry of Commerce, and prohibit any attempt to bypass a security review, including by structuring the transaction through a proxy or contractual control arrangement. In the future, we may grow our business by acquiring complementary businesses. Complying with the requirements of the relevant regulations to complete such transactions could be time consuming, and any required approval processes, including approval from the Ministry of Commerce, may delay or inhibit our ability to complete such transactions, which could affect our ability to expand our business or maintain our market share.
Any failure to comply with PRC regulations regarding the registration requirements for employee stock incentive plans may subject the PRC plan participants or us to fines and other legal or administrative sanctions.
Under SAFE regulations, PRC residents who participate in a stock incentive plan in an overseas publicly listed company are required to register with SAFE or its local branches and complete certain other procedures. See "Regulation—Regulations on Employment and Social Welfare—Employee Stock Incentive Plan." We and our PRC resident employees who participate in our share incentive plans will be subject to these regulations when our company becomes publicly listed in the United States. If we or any of these PRC resident employees fail to comply with these regulations, we or such employees may be subject to fines and other legal or administrative sanctions. We also face regulatory uncertainties that could restrict our ability to adopt additional incentive plans for our directors, executive officers and employees under PRC law.
Discontinuation of any of the preferential tax treatments and government subsidies or imposition of any additional taxes and surcharges could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Our PRC subsidiaries currently benefit from a number of preferential tax treatments. For example, our subsidiary, NIO Co., Ltd., is entitled to enjoy, after completing certain application formalities, a 15% preferential
enterprise income tax from 2018 as it has been qualified as a "High New Technology Enterprise" under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law and related regulations. The discontinuation of any of the preferential income tax treatment that we currently enjoy could have a material and adverse effect on our result of operations and financial condition. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain or lower our current effective tax rate in the future.
In addition, our PRC subsidiaries have received various financial subsidies from PRC local government authorities. The financial subsidies result from discretionary incentives and policies adopted by PRC local government authorities. For example, our subsidiary, XPT (Nanjing) E-Powertrain Technology Co., Ltd., has received subsidies of an aggregate of RMB33.1 million for the phase I construction of the Nanjing Advanced Manufacturing Engineering Center. Local governments may decide to change or discontinue such financial subsidies at any time. The discontinuation of such financial subsidies or imposition of any additional taxes could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
If we are classified as a PRC resident enterprise for PRC income tax purposes, such classification could result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders or ADS holders.
Under the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law and its implementation rules, an enterprise established outside of the PRC with a "de facto management body" within the PRC is considered a PRC resident enterprise. The implementation rules define the term "de facto management body" as the body that exercises full and substantial control over and overall management of the business, productions, personnel, accounts and properties of an enterprise. In 2009, the State Administration of Taxation issued a circular, known as Circular 82, which provides certain specific criteria for determining whether the "de facto management body" of a PRC-controlled enterprise that is incorporated offshore is located in China. Although Circular 82 only applies to offshore enterprises controlled by PRC enterprises or PRC enterprise groups, not those controlled by PRC individuals or foreigners like us, the criteria set forth in the circular may reflect the State Administration of Taxation's general position on how the "de facto management body" test should be applied in determining the tax resident status of all offshore enterprises. According to Circular 82, an offshore incorporated enterprise controlled by a PRC enterprise or a PRC enterprise group will be regarded as a PRC tax resident by virtue of having its "de facto management body" in China and will be subject to PRC enterprise income tax on its global income only if all of the following conditions are met: (i) the primary location of the day-to-day operational management is in the PRC; (ii) decisions relating to the enterprise's financial and human resource matters are made or are subject to approval by organizations or personnel in the PRC; (iii) the enterprise's primary assets, accounting books and records, company seals, and board and shareholder resolutions, are located or maintained in the PRC; and (iv) at least 50% of voting board members or senior executives habitually reside in the PRC.
We believe that none of our entities outside of China is a PRC resident enterprise for PRC tax purposes. However, the tax resident status of an enterprise is subject to determination by the PRC tax authorities and uncertainties remain with respect to the interpretation of the term "de facto management body." If the PRC tax authorities determine that we are a PRC resident enterprise for enterprise income tax purposes, we will be subject to the enterprise income tax on our global income at the rate of 25% and we will be required to comply with PRC enterprise income tax reporting obligations. In addition, gains realized on the sale or other disposition of our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares may be subject to PRC tax, at a rate of 10% in the case of non-PRC enterprises or 20% in the case of non-PRC individuals (in each case, subject to the provisions of any applicable tax treaty), if such gains are deemed to be from PRC sources. It is unclear whether non-PRC shareholders of our company would be able to claim the benefits of any tax treaties between their country of tax residence and the PRC in the event that we are treated as a PRC resident enterprise. Any such tax may reduce the returns on your investment in the ADSs.
We may not be able to obtain certain benefits under relevant tax treaty on dividends paid by our PRC subsidiaries to us through our Hong Kong subsidiary.
We are a holding company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands and as such rely on dividends and other distributions on equity from our PRC subsidiaries to satisfy part of our liquidity requirements. Pursuant to the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law, a withholding tax rate of 10% currently applies to dividends paid by a PRC "resident enterprise" to a foreign enterprise investor, unless any such foreign investor's jurisdiction of incorporation has a tax treaty with China that provides for preferential tax treatment. Pursuant to the Arrangement between the Mainland China and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and Tax Evasion on Income, such withholding tax rate may be lowered to 5% if a Hong Kong resident enterprise owns no less than 25% of a PRC enterprise. Furthermore, the Administrative Measures for Non-Resident Enterprises to Enjoy Treatments under Tax Treaties, which became effective in August 2015, require non-resident enterprises to determine whether they are qualified to enjoy the preferential tax treatment under the tax treaties and file relevant report and materials with the tax authorities. There are also other conditions for enjoying the reduced withholding tax rate according to other relevant tax rules and regulations. See "Taxation—People's Republic of China Taxation." As of June 30, 2018, our subsidiaries and variable interest entities located in the PRC reported accumulated loss and therefore they had no retained earnings for offshore distribution. In the future, we intend to re-invest all earnings, if any, generated from our PRC subsidiaries for the operation and expansion of our business in China. Should our tax policy change to allow for offshore distribution of our earnings, we would be subject to a significant withholding tax. Our determination regarding our qualification to enjoy the preferential tax treatment could be challenged by the relevant tax authority and we may not be able to complete the necessary filings with the relevant tax authority and enjoy the preferential withholding tax rate of 5% under the arrangement with respect to dividends to be paid by our PRC subsidiaries to our Hong Kong subsidiary.
We face uncertainty with respect to indirect transfers of equity interests in PRC resident enterprises by their non-PRC holding companies.
In February 2015, the State Administration of Taxation issued the Public Notice Regarding Certain Enterprise Income Tax Matters on Indirect Transfer of Properties by Non-Resident Enterprises, or SAT Public Notice 7. SAT Public Notice 7 extends its tax jurisdiction to not only indirect transfers but also transactions involving transfer of other taxable assets, through the offshore transfer of a foreign intermediate holding company. In addition, SAT Public Notice 7 provides certain criteria on how to assess reasonable commercial purposes and has introduced safe harbors for internal group restructurings and the purchase and sale of equity through a public securities market. SAT Public Notice 7 also brings challenges to both the foreign transferor and transferee (or other person who is obligated to pay for the transfer) of the taxable assets. Where a non-resident enterprise conducts an "indirect transfer" by transferring the taxable assets indirectly by disposing of the equity interests of an overseas holding company, the non-resident enterprise being the transferor, or the transferee, or the PRC entity which directly owned the taxable assets may report to the relevant tax authority such indirect transfer. Using a "substance over form" principle, the PRC tax authority may disregard the existence of the overseas holding company if it lacks a reasonable commercial purpose and was established for the purpose of reducing, avoiding or deferring PRC tax. As a result, gains derived from such indirect transfer may be subject to PRC enterprise income tax, and the transferee or other person who is obligated to pay for the transfer is obligated to withhold the applicable taxes, currently at a rate of 10% for the transfer of equity interests in a PRC resident enterprise. On October 17, 2017, the SAT issued the Announcement of the State Administration of Taxation on Issues Concerning the Withholding of Non-resident Enterprise Income Tax at Source, or SAT Bulletin 37, which came into effect on December 1, 2017. The SAT Bulletin 37 further clarifies the practice and procedure of the withholding of nonresident enterprise income tax.
We face uncertainties on the reporting and consequences of future private equity financing transactions, share exchanges or other transactions involving the transfer of shares in our company by investors that are non-PRC resident enterprises. The PRC tax authorities may pursue such non-resident enterprises with respect to a
filing or the transferees with respect to withholding obligation, and request our PRC subsidiaries to assist in the filing. As a result, we and non-resident enterprises in such transactions may become at risk of being subject to filing obligations or being taxed under SAT Public Notice 7 and SAT Bulletin 37, and may be required to expend valuable resources to comply with them or to establish that we and our non-resident enterprises should not be taxed under these regulations, which may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
If the custodians or authorized users of controlling non-tangible assets of our company, including our corporate chops and seals, fail to fulfill their responsibilities, or misappropriate or misuse these assets, our business and operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Under PRC law, legal documents for corporate transactions are executed using the chops or seal of the signing entity or with the signature of a legal representative whose designation is registered and filed with the relevant branch of the SAMR.
Although we usually utilize chops to enter into contracts, the designated legal representatives of each of our PRC subsidiaries, variable interest entities and their subsidiaries have the apparent authority to enter into contracts on behalf of such entities without chops and bind such entities. All designated legal representatives of our PRC subsidiaries, variable interest entities and their subsidiaries are members of our senior management team who have signed employment agreements with us or our PRC subsidiaries, variable interest entities and their subsidiaries under which they agree to abide by various duties they owe to us. In order to maintain the physical security of our chops and chops of our PRC entities, we generally store these items in secured locations accessible only by the authorized personnel in the legal or finance department of each of our subsidiaries, variable interest entities and their subsidiaries. Although we monitor such authorized personnel, there is no assurance such procedures will prevent all instances of abuse or negligence. Accordingly, if any of our authorized personnel misuse or misappropriate our corporate chops or seals, we could encounter difficulties in maintaining control over the relevant entities and experience significant disruption to our operations. If a designated legal representative obtains control of the chops in an effort to obtain control over any of our PRC subsidiaries, variable interest entities or their subsidiaries, we or our PRC subsidiaries, variable interest entities and their subsidiaries would need to pass a new shareholders or board resolution to designate a new legal representative and we would need to take legal action to seek the return of the chops, apply for new chops with the relevant authorities, or otherwise seek legal redress for the violation of the representative's fiduciary duties to us, which could involve significant time and resources and divert management attention away from our regular business. In addition, the affected entity may not be able to recover corporate assets that are sold or transferred out of our control in the event of such a misappropriation if a transferee relies on the apparent authority of the representative and acts in good faith.
Our leased property interest may be defective and our right to lease the properties affected by such defects challenged, which could cause significant disruption to our business.
Under PRC laws, all lease agreements are required to be registered with the local housing authorities. We presently lease several premises in China, some of which the landlords have not completed the registration of their ownership rights or the registration of our leases with the relevant authorities. Failure to complete these required registrations may expose our landlords, lessors and us to potential monetary fines. If these registrations are not obtained in a timely manner or at all, we may be subject to monetary fines or may have to relocate our offices and incur the associated losses.
Some of the ownership certificates or other similar proof of certain leased properties have not been provided to us by the relevant lessors. Therefore, we cannot assure you that such lessors are entitled to lease the relevant real properties to us. If the lessors are not entitled to lease the real properties to us and the owners of such real properties decline to ratify the lease agreements between us and the respective lessors, we may not be able to enforce our rights to lease such properties under the respective lease agreements against the owners. If our lease
agreements are claimed as null and void by third parties who are the real owners of such leased real properties, we could be required to vacate the properties, in the event of which we could only initiate the claim against the lessors under relevant lease agreements for indemnities for their breach of the relevant leasing agreements. We cannot assure you that suitable alternative locations are readily available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, and if we are unable to relocate our operations in a timely manner, our operations may be adversely affected.
The audit report included in this prospectus is prepared by an auditor who is not inspected by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and, as such, our investors are deprived of the benefits of such inspection.
Our independent registered public accounting firm that issues the audit report included in this prospectus, as auditors of companies that are traded publicly in the United States and a firm registered with the U.S. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or the PCAOB, is required by the laws of the United States to undergo regular inspections by the PCAOB to assess its compliance with U.S. laws and professional standards. Because our auditors are located in China, a jurisdiction where the PCAOB is currently unable to conduct inspections without the approval of the PRC authorities, our auditors are not currently inspected by the PCAOB.
Inspections of other firms that the PCAOB has conducted outside China have identified deficiencies in those firms' audit procedures and quality control procedures, which may be addressed as part of the inspection process to improve future audit quality. This lack of PCAOB inspections in China prevents the PCAOB from regularly evaluating our auditor's audits and its quality control procedures. As a result, investors may be deprived of the benefits of PCAOB inspections.
The inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of auditors in China makes it more difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of our auditor's audit procedures or quality control procedures as compared to auditors outside of China that are subject to PCAOB inspections. Investors may lose confidence in our reported financial information and procedures and the quality of our financial statements.
Proceedings instituted by the SEC against the "big four" PRC-based accounting firms, including our independent registered public accounting firm, could result in financial statements being determined to not be in compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act.
In late 2012, the SEC commenced administrative proceedings under Rule 102(e) of its Rules of Practice and also under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act against the Chinese affiliates of the "big four" accounting firms (including our auditors). The Rule 102(e) proceedings initiated by the SEC relate to these firms' inability to produce documents, including audit work papers, in response to the request of the SEC pursuant to Section 106 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, as the auditors located in the PRC are not in a position lawfully to produce documents directly to the SEC because of restrictions under PRC law and specific directives issued by the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or the CSRC. The issues raised by the proceedings are not specific to our auditors or to us, but affect equally all audit firms based in China and all China-based businesses with securities listed in the United States.
In January 2014, the administrative judge reached an initial decision, or the Initial Decision, that the Chinese affiliates of "big four" accounting firms should be barred from practicing before the SEC for six months. Thereafter, the accounting firms filed a petition for review of the initial decision, prompting the SEC commissioners to review the Initial Decision, determine whether there had been any violation and, if so, determine the appropriate remedy to be placed on these audit firms.
In February 2015, the Chinese affiliates of the "big four" accounting firms (including our auditors) each agreed to censure and pay a fine to the SEC to settle the dispute and avoid suspension of their ability to practice before the SEC and audit U.S. listed companies. The settlement requires the firms to follow detailed procedures and to seek to provide the SEC with access to the Chinese firms' audit documents via the CSRC. If future
document productions fail to meet the specified criteria, the SEC retains the authority to impose a variety of additional measures (e.g., imposing penalties such as suspensions, restarting the administrative proceedings).
In the event that the SEC restarts the administrative proceedings, depending upon the final outcome, listed companies in the United States with major PRC operations may find it difficult or impossible to retain auditors in respect of their operations in the PRC, which could result in financial statements being determined to not be in compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, and could result in delisting. Moreover, any negative news about the proceedings against these audit firms may cause investor uncertainty regarding China-based, United States-listed companies and the market price of our shares may be adversely affected. If our independent registered public accounting firm was denied, temporarily, the ability to practice before the SEC and we were unable to timely find another registered public accounting firm to audit and issue an opinion on our financial statements, our financial statements could be determined to not be in compliance with the requirements of the Exchange Act.
Risks Relating to Our ADSs and This Offering
An active trading market for our Class A ordinary shares or our ADSs may not develop and the trading price for our ADSs may fluctuate significantly.
The ADSs have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange. Prior to the completion of this offering, there has been no public market for our ADSs or our Class A ordinary shares, and we cannot assure you that a liquid public market for our ADSs will develop. If an active public market for our ADSs does not develop following the completion of this offering, the market price and liquidity of our ADSs may be materially and adversely affected. The initial public offering price for our ADSs was determined by negotiation between us and the underwriters based upon several factors, and the trading price of our ADSs after this offering could decline below the initial public offering price. As a result, investors in our securities may experience a significant decrease in the value of their ADSs.
The trading price of our ADSs is likely to be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to investors.
The trading price of our ADSs is likely to be volatile and could fluctuate widely due to factors beyond our control. This may happen because of broad market and industry factors, like the performance and fluctuation of the market prices of other companies with business operations located mainly in China that have listed their securities in the United States. A number of Chinese companies have listed or are in the process of listing their securities on U.S. stock markets. The securities of some of these companies have experienced significant volatility, including price declines in connection with their initial public offerings. The trading performances of these Chinese companies' securities after their offerings may affect the attitudes of investors toward Chinese companies listed in the United States in general and consequently may impact the trading performance of our ADSs, regardless of our actual operating performance.
In addition to market and industry factors, the price and trading volume for our ADSs may be highly volatile for factors specific to our own operations, including the following:
variations in our revenues, earnings and cash flow;
announcements of new investments, acquisitions, strategic partnerships or joint ventures by us or our competitors;
announcements of new services and expansions by us or our competitors;
changes in financial estimates by securities analysts;
detrimental adverse publicity about us, our services or our industry;
additions or departures of key personnel;
release of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding equity securities or sales of additional equity securities; and
potential litigation or regulatory investigations.
Any of these factors may result in large and sudden changes in the volume and price at which our ADSs will trade.
In the past, shareholders of public companies have often brought securities class action suits against those companies following periods of instability in the market price of their securities. If we were involved in a class action suit, it could divert a significant amount of our management's attention and other resources from our business and operations and require us to incur significant expenses to defend the suit, which could harm our results of operations. Any such class action suit, whether or not successful, could harm our reputation and restrict our ability to raise capital in the future. In addition, if a claim is successfully made against us, we may be required to pay significant damages, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our triple-class voting structure will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could discourage others from pursuing any change of control transactions that holders of our Class A ordinary shares and ADSs may view as beneficial.
We have adopted a triple-class voting structure such that our ordinary shares consist of Class A ordinary shares, Class B ordinary shares and Class C ordinary shares. Holders of Class A ordinary shares, Class B ordinary shares and Class C ordinary shares have the same rights other than voting and conversion rights. Each holder of Class A ordinary shares is entitled to one vote per share, each holder of our Class B ordinary shares is entitled to four votes per share and each holder of our Class C ordinary shares is entitled to eight votes per share on all matters submitted to them for a vote. Our Class A ordinary shares, Class B ordinary shares and Class C ordinary shares vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders, except as may otherwise be required by law. Each Class B ordinary share or Class C ordinary share is convertible into one Class A ordinary share, whereas Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares or Class C ordinary shares under any circumstances. Upon any transfer of Class B ordinary shares or Class C ordinary shares by a holder thereof to any person or entity which is not an affiliate of such holder, such Class B ordinary shares or Class C ordinary shares are automatically and immediately converted into the equal number of Class A ordinary shares.
Mr. Bin Li, our chairman and chief executive officer, together with his affiliates, beneficially owns all of our issued Class C ordinary shares. The Tencent entities beneficially own all of our issued Class B ordinary shares. Due to the disparate voting powers associated with our triple classes of ordinary shares, Mr. Li and Tencent entities have considerable influence over important corporate matters. Following the completion of this offering, Mr. Li beneficially owns 48.3% of the aggregate voting power of our company, assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, through mobike Global Ltd. and Originalwish Limited, companies wholly owned by Mr. Li, whereas Tencent entities beneficially own 21.7% of the aggregate voting power of our company through Mount Putuo Investment Limited, Image Frame Investment (HK) Limited and TPP Follow-on I Holding D Limited. After this offering, Mr. Li and Tencent entities will continue to have considerable influence over matters requiring shareholder approval, over matters such as electing directors and approving material mergers, acquisitions or other business combination transactions. This concentrated control will limit your ability to influence corporate matters and could also discourage others from pursuing any potential merger, takeover or other change of control transaction, which could have the effect of depriving the holders of our Class A ordinary shares and our ADSs of the opportunity to sell their shares at a premium over the prevailing market price.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they adversely change their recommendations regarding our ADSs, the market price for our ADSs and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our ADSs will be influenced by research or reports that industry or securities analysts publish about our business. If one or more analysts who cover us downgrade our ADSs, the market price for our ADSs would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease to cover us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause the market price or trading volume for our ADSs to decline.
The sale or availability for sale of substantial amounts of our ADSs could adversely affect their market price.
Sales of substantial amounts of our ADSs in the public market after the completion of this offering, or the perception that these sales could occur, could adversely affect the market price of our ADSs and could materially impair our ability to raise capital through equity offerings in the future. The ADSs sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and shares held by our existing shareholders may also be sold in the public market in the future subject to the restrictions in Rule 144 and Rule 701 under the Securities Act and the applicable lock-up agreements. There will be 160,000,000 ADSs (equivalent to 160,000,000 Class A ordinary shares) outstanding immediately after this offering, or 184,000,000 ADSs (equivalent to 184,000,000 Class A ordinary shares) if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional ADSs in full. In connection with this offering, we, our officers, directors and existing shareholders have agreed not to sell any of our Class A ordinary shares or ADSs or are otherwise subject to similar lockup restrictions for 180 days after the date of this prospectus without the prior written consent of the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions. However, the underwriters may release these securities from these restrictions at any time, subject to applicable regulations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. We cannot predict what effect, if any, market sales of securities held by our significant shareholders or any other shareholder or the availability of these securities for future sale will have on the market price of our ADSs. See "Underwriting" and "Shares Eligible for Future Sale" for a more detailed description of the restrictions on selling our securities after this offering.
Because we do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future after this offering, you must rely on price appreciation of our ADSs for return on your investment.
We currently intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings after this offering to fund the development and growth of our business. As a result, we do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Therefore, you should not rely on an investment in our ADSs as a source for any future dividend income.
Our board of directors has complete discretion as to whether to distribute dividends. Even if our board of directors decides to declare and pay dividends, the timing, amount and form of future dividends, if any, will depend on, among other things, our future results of operations and cash flow, our capital requirements and surplus, the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our subsidiary, our financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Accordingly, the return on your investment in our ADSs will likely depend entirely upon any future price appreciation of our ADSs. There is no guarantee that our ADSs will appreciate in value after this offering or even maintain the price at which you purchased the ADSs. You may not realize a return on your investment in our ADSs and you may even lose your entire investment in our ADSs.
Because the initial public offering price is substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution.
If you purchase ADSs in this offering, you will pay more for each ADS than the corresponding amount paid by existing shareholders for their ordinary shares. As a result, you will experience immediate and substantial
dilution of approximately US$4.41 per ADS (assuming that no outstanding options to acquire Class A ordinary shares are exercised). This number represents the difference between (1) our pro forma net tangible book value per ADS of US$1.07 as of June 30, 2018, after giving effect to this offering and (2) the initial public offering price of US$6.26 per ADS. See "Dilution" for a more complete description of how the value of your investment in our ADSs will be diluted upon the completion of this offering.
We have not determined a specific use for a portion of the net proceeds from this offering, and we may use these proceeds in ways with which you may not agree.
We have not determined a specific use for a portion of the net proceeds of this offering, and our management will have considerable discretion in deciding how to apply these proceeds. You will not have the opportunity to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately before you make your investment decision. You must rely on the judgment of our management regarding the application of the net proceeds of this offering. We cannot assure you that the net proceeds will be used in a manner that will improve our results of operations or increase our ADS price, nor that these net proceeds will be placed only in investments that generate income or appreciate in value.
There can be no assurance that we will not be classified as a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, which could result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders of our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares.
A non-U.S. corporation will be classified as a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for any taxable year if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for such year consists of certain types of "passive" income; or (2) at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets) during such year is attributable to assets that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income. Based on our current and expected income and assets (taking into account the expected cash proceeds and our anticipated market capitalization following this offering), we do not presently expect to be a PFIC for the current taxable year or the foreseeable future. However, no assurance can be given in this regard because the determination of whether we are or will become a PFIC is a fact-intensive inquiry made on an annual basis that depends, in part, upon the composition of our income and assets. Fluctuations in the market price of our ADSs may cause us to become a PFIC for the current or subsequent taxable years because the value of our assets for the purpose of the second part of the test described above may be determined by reference to the market price of our ADSs. The composition of our income and assets may also be affected by how, and how quickly, we use our liquid assets and the cash raised in this offering.
If we were to be or become a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder (as defined in "Taxation—United States Federal Income Tax Considerations") holds our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences could apply to such U.S. Holder. See "Taxation—United States Federal Income Tax Considerations—Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules."
The approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission may be required in connection with this offering under PRC law.
The M&A Rules requires an overseas special purpose vehicle formed for listing purposes through acquisitions of PRC domestic companies and controlled by PRC companies or individuals to obtain the approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or the CSRC, prior to the listing and trading of such special purpose vehicle's securities on an overseas stock exchange. The interpretation and application of the regulations remain unclear, and this offering may ultimately require approval from the CSRC. If CSRC approval is required, it is uncertain how long it will take us to obtain the approval and any failure to obtain or delay in obtaining CSRC approval for this offering would subject us to sanctions imposed by the CSRC and other PRC regulatory agencies, which could include fines and penalties on our operations in China, restrictions or limitations on our
ability to pay dividends outside of China, and other forms of sanctions that may materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Our PRC counsel, Han Kun Law Offices, has advised us that, based on its understanding of the current PRC laws and regulations, we will not be required to submit an application to the CSRC for the approval of the listing and trading of our ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange because (i) the CSRC currently has not issued any definitive rule or interpretation concerning whether offerings like ours under this prospectus are subject to this regulation, (ii) the Company established the NIO Co., Ltd., Shanghai NIO Sales and Services Co., Ltd., NIO Energy Investment (Hubei) Co., Ltd., XPT Investment Co., Ltd. and Shanghai XPT Technology Limited, as foreign-invested enterprises by means of direct investment and not through a merger or requisition of the equity or assets of a "PRC domestic company" as such term is defined under the M&A Rule, and (iii) no provision in this regulation clearly classifies contractual arrangements as a type of transaction subject to its regulation. However, we cannot assure you that relevant PRC government agencies, including the CSRC, would reach the same conclusion as our PRC counsel, and hence we may face regulatory actions or other sanctions from the CSRC or other PRC regulatory agencies. These regulatory agencies may impose fines and penalties on our operations in China, limit our operating privileges in China, delay or restrict the repatriation of the proceeds from this offering into China or take other actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, as well as the trading price of the ADSs. The CSRC or other PRC regulatory agencies also may take actions requiring us, or making it advisable for us, to halt this offering before settlement and delivery of the ADSs offered hereby. Consequently, if you engage in market trading or other activities in anticipation of and prior to settlement and delivery, you do so at the risk that settlement and delivery may not occur. In addition, if the CSRC or other regulatory agencies later promulgate new rules or explanations requiring that we obtain their approvals for this offering, we may be unable to obtain a waiver of such approval requirements, if and when procedures are established to obtain such a waiver. Any uncertainties and/or negative publicity regarding such approval requirement could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of the ADSs.
Our memorandum and articles of association contain anti-takeover provisions that could have a material adverse effect on the rights of holders of our Class A ordinary shares and ADSs.
We have adopted an amended and restated memorandum and articles of association that will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering. Our new memorandum and articles of association contain provisions to limit the ability of others to acquire control of our company or cause us to engage in change-of-control transactions. These provisions could have the effect of depriving our shareholders of an opportunity to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by discouraging third parties from seeking to obtain control of our company in a tender offer or similar transaction. Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our shareholders, to issue preferred shares in one or more series and to fix their designations, powers, preferences, privileges, and relative participating, optional or special rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights associated with our ordinary shares, in the form of ADS or otherwise. Preferred shares could be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult. If our board of directors decides to issue preferred shares, the price of our ADSs may fall and the voting and other rights of the holders of our Class A ordinary shares and ADSs may be materially and adversely affected.
You may face difficulties in protecting your interests, and your ability to protect your rights through U.S. courts may be limited, because we are incorporated under Cayman Islands law.
We are an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Our corporate affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, the Companies Law (2018 Revision) of the Cayman Islands and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take action against the directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors to us under Cayman
Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands as well as from the common law of England, the decisions of whose courts are of persuasive authority, but are not binding, on a court in the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws than the United States. Some U.S. states, such as Delaware, have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the Cayman Islands. In addition, Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States.
Shareholders of Cayman Islands exempted companies like us have no general rights under Cayman Islands law to inspect corporate records or to obtain copies of lists of shareholders of these companies. Our directors have discretion under our articles of association to determine whether or not, and under what conditions, our corporate records may be inspected by our shareholders, but are not obliged to make them available to our shareholders. This may make it more difficult for you to obtain the information needed to establish any facts necessary for a shareholder motion or to solicit proxies from other shareholders in connection with a proxy contest.
Certain corporate governance practices in the Cayman Islands, which is our home country, differ significantly from requirements for companies incorporated in other jurisdictions such as the United States. If we choose to follow home country practice in the future, our shareholders may be afforded less protection than they otherwise would under rules and regulations applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.
As a result of all of the above, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, members of the board of directors or controlling shareholders than they would as public shareholders of a company incorporated in the United States. For a discussion of significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders, see "Description of Share Capital—Differences in Corporate Law."
ADS holders may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to claims arising under the deposit agreement, which could result in less favorable outcomes to the plaintiff(s) in any such action.
The deposit agreement governing the ADSs representing our Class A ordinary shares provides that, subject to the depositary's right to require a claim to be submitted to arbitration, the federal or state courts in the City of New York have exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine claims arising under the deposit agreement and in that regard, to the fullest extent permitted by law, ADS holders waive the right to a jury trial of any claim they may have against us or the depositary arising out of or relating to our Class A ordinary shares, the ADSs or the deposit agreement, including any claim under the U.S. federal securities laws.
If we or the depositary opposed a jury trial demand based on the waiver, the court would determine whether the waiver was enforceable based on the facts and circumstances of that case in accordance with the applicable state and federal law. To our knowledge, the enforceability of a contractual pre-dispute jury trial waiver in connection with claims arising under the federal securities laws has not been finally adjudicated by the United States Supreme Court. However, we believe that a contractual pre-dispute jury trial waiver provision is generally enforceable, including under the laws of the State of New York, which govern the deposit agreement. In determining whether to enforce a contractual pre-dispute jury trial waiver provision, courts will generally consider whether a party knowingly, intelligently and voluntarily waived the right to a jury trial. We believe that this is the case with respect to the deposit agreement and the ADSs. It is advisable that you consult legal counsel regarding the jury waiver provision before investing in the ADSs.
If you or any other holders or beneficial owners of ADSs bring a claim against us or the depositary in connection with matters arising under the deposit agreement or the ADSs, including claims under federal securities laws, you or such other holder or beneficial owner may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to such claims, which may have the effect of limiting and discouraging lawsuits against us and / or the depositary. If a lawsuit is brought against us and/or the depositary under the deposit agreement, it may be heard only by a judge or justice of the applicable trial court, which would be conducted according to different civil procedures and may result in different outcomes than a trial by jury would have had, including results that could be less favorable to the plaintiff(s) in any such action.
Nevertheless, if this jury trial waiver provision is not enforced, to the extent a court action proceeds, it would proceed under the terms of the deposit agreement with a jury trial. No condition, stipulation or provision of the deposit agreement or ADSs serves as a waiver by any holder or beneficial owner of ADSs or by us or the depositary of compliance with any substantive provision of the U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Certain judgments obtained against us by our shareholders may not be enforceable.
We are a Cayman Islands company and the majority of our assets are located outside of the United States. The most significant portion of our operations are conducted in China. In addition, a majority of our current directors and officers are nationals and residents of countries other than the United States. Substantially all of the assets of these persons may be located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for you to bring an action against us or against these individuals in the United States in the event that you believe that your rights have been infringed under the U.S. federal securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Cayman Islands and of China may render you unable to enforce a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors and officers. For more information regarding the relevant laws of the Cayman Islands and China, see "Enforceability of Civil Liabilities."
Participation in this offering by our existing principal shareholders and their affiliates would reduce the available public float for our ADSs.
Certain existing principal shareholders and their affiliates subscribed for, and have been allocated by the underwriters, an aggregate of 6,050,000 ADSs in this offering at the initial public offering price and on the same terms as the other ADSs being offered, representing approximately 3.8% of the ADSs being offered in this offering, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. The purchase of our ADSs by these entities in this offering may reduce the liquidity of our ADSs relative to what it would have been had these ADSs been purchased by other investors.
We are an emerging growth company within the meaning of the Securities Act and may take advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements.
We are an "emerging growth company," as defined in the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, most significantly, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 for so long as we are an emerging growth company until the fifth anniversary from the date of our initial listing.
The JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company does not need to comply with any new or revised financial accounting standards until such date that a private company is otherwise required to comply with such new or revised accounting standards. However, we have elected to "opt out" of this provision and, as a result, we will comply with new or revised accounting standards as required when they are adopted for public companies. This decision to opt out of the extended transition period under the JOBS Act is irrevocable.
We are a foreign private issuer within the meaning of the rules under the Exchange Act, and as such we are exempt from certain provisions applicable to United States domestic public companies.
Because we are a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, we are exempt from certain provisions of the securities rules and regulations in the United States that are applicable to U.S. domestic issuers, including:
the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or current reports on Form 8-K with the SEC;
the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents, or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act;
the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and
the selective disclosure rules by issuers of material nonpublic information under Regulation FD.
We will be required to file an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the end of each fiscal year. In addition, we intend to publish our results on a quarterly basis through press releases, distributed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the New York Stock Exchange. Press releases relating to financial results and material events will also be furnished to the SEC on Form 6-K. However, the information we are required to file with or furnish to the SEC will be less extensive and less timely than that required to be filed with the SEC by U.S. domestic issuers. As a result, you may not be afforded the same protections or information that would be made available to you were you investing in a U.S. domestic issuer.
The voting rights of holders of ADSs are limited by the terms of the deposit agreement, and you may not be able to exercise your right to vote your Class A ordinary shares.
As a holder of our ADSs, you will only be able to exercise the voting rights with respect to the underlying Class A ordinary shares in accordance with the deposit agreement. Under the deposit agreement, you must vote by giving voting instructions to the depositary. Upon receipt of your voting instructions, the depositary will vote the underlying Class A ordinary shares in accordance with these instructions. You will not be able to directly exercise your right to vote with respect to the underlying shares unless you withdraw the shares. Under our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association that will become effective immediately prior to the completion of this offering, the minimum notice period required for convening a general meeting is 14 days. When a general meeting is convened, you may not receive sufficient advance notice to withdraw the shares underlying your ADSs to allow you to vote with respect to any specific matter. If we ask for your instructions, the depositary will notify you of the upcoming vote and will arrange to deliver our voting materials to you. We cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct the depositary to vote your shares. In addition, the depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for their manner of carrying out your voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and you may have no legal remedy if the shares underlying your ADSs are not voted as you requested.
The depositary for our ADSs will give us a discretionary proxy to vote our Class A ordinary shares underlying your ADSs if you do not vote at shareholders' meetings, except in limited circumstances, which could adversely affect your interests.
Under the deposit agreement for the ADSs, if you do not vote, the depositary will give us a discretionary proxy to vote our Class A ordinary shares underlying your ADSs at shareholders' meetings unless:
we have failed to timely provide the depositary with notice of meeting and related voting materials;
we have instructed the depositary that we do not wish a discretionary proxy to be given;
we have informed the depositary that there is substantial opposition as to a matter to be voted on at the meeting;
a matter to be voted on at the meeting would have a material adverse impact on shareholders; or
the voting at the meeting is to be made on a show of hands.
The effect of this discretionary proxy is that if you do not vote at shareholders' meetings, you cannot prevent our Class A ordinary shares underlying your ADSs from being voted, except under the circumstances described above. This may make it more difficult for shareholders to influence the management of our company. Holders of our Class A ordinary shares are not subject to this discretionary proxy.
Your rights to pursue claims against the depositary as a holder of ADSs are limited by the terms of the deposit agreement.
Under the deposit agreement, any action or proceeding against or involving the depositary, arising out of or based upon the deposit agreement or the transactions contemplated thereby or by virtue of owning the ADSs may only be instituted in a state or federal court in New York, New York, and you, as a holder of our ADSs, will have irrevocably waived any objection which you may have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submitted to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such action or proceeding.
The depositary may, in its sole discretion, require that any dispute or difference arising from the relationship created by the deposit agreement be referred to and finally settled by an arbitration conducted under the terms described in the deposit agreement, although the arbitration provisions do not preclude you from pursuing claims under federal securities laws in federal courts. Furthermore, if you are unsuccessful in such arbitration, you may be responsible for the fees of the arbitrator and other costs incurred by the parties in connection with such arbitration pursuant to the deposit agreement. Also, we may amend or terminate the deposit agreement without your consent. If you continue to hold your ADSs after an amendment to the deposit agreement, you agree to be bound by the deposit agreement as amended. See "Description of American Depositary Shares" for more information.
You may not receive dividends or other distributions on our Class A ordinary shares and you may not receive any value for them, if it is illegal or impractical to make them available to you.
The depositary of our ADSs has agreed to pay you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on Class A ordinary shares or other deposited securities underlying our ADSs, after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of Class A ordinary shares your ADSs represent. However, the depositary is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any holders of ADSs. For example, it would be unlawful to make a distribution to a holder of ADSs if it consists of securities that require registration under the Securities Act but that are not properly registered or distributed under an applicable exemption from registration. The depositary may also determine that it is not feasible to distribute certain property through the mail. Additionally, the value of certain distributions may be less than the cost of mailing them. In these cases, the depositary may determine not to distribute such property. We have no obligation to register under U.S. securities laws any ADSs, Class A ordinary shares, rights or other securities received through such distributions. We also have no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADSs, Class A ordinary shares, rights or anything else to holders of ADSs. This means that you may not receive distributions we make on our Class A ordinary shares or any value for them if it is illegal or impractical for us to make them available to you. These restrictions may cause a material decline in the value of our ADSs.
You may experience dilution of your holdings due to inability to participate in rights offerings.
We may, from time to time, distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to acquire securities. Under the deposit agreement, the depositary will not distribute rights to holders of ADSs unless the distribution and sale of rights and the securities to which these rights relate are either exempt from registration under the Securities Act with respect to all holders of ADSs or are registered under the provisions of the Securities Act. The depositary may, but is not required to, attempt to sell these undistributed rights to third parties, and may allow the rights to lapse. We may be unable to establish an exemption from registration under the Securities Act, and we are under no obligation to file a registration statement with respect to these rights or underlying securities or to endeavor to have a registration statement declared effective. Accordingly, holders of ADSs may be unable to participate in our rights offerings and may experience dilution of their holdings as a result.
You may be subject to limitations on transfer of your ADSs.
Your ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may close its books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with the performance of its duties. The depositary may close its books from time to time for a number of reasons, including in connection with corporate events such as a rights offering, during which time the depositary needs to maintain an exact number of ADS holders on its books for a specified period. The depositary may also close its books in emergencies, and on weekends and public holidays. The depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of our ADSs generally when our share register or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if we or the depositary thinks it is advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any other reason.
We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company, particularly after we cease to qualify as an "emerging growth company."
We are now a public company and expect to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and New York Stock Exchange, impose various requirements on the corporate governance practices of public companies. As a company with less than US$1.07 billion in net revenues for our last fiscal year, we qualify as an "emerging growth company" pursuant to the JOBS Act. An emerging growth company may take advantage of specified reduced reporting and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include exemption from the auditor attestation requirement under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in the assessment of the emerging growth company's internal control over financial reporting and permission to delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. However, we have elected to "opt out" of the provision that allow us to delay adopting new or revised accounting standards and, as a result, we will comply with new or revised accounting standards as required when they are adopted for public companies. This decision to opt out of the extended transition period under the JOBS Act is irrevocable.
We expect these rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some corporate activities more time-consuming and costly. After we are no longer an "emerging growth company," we expect to incur significant expenses and devote substantial management effort toward ensuring compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the other rules and regulations of the SEC. For example, as a result of becoming a public company, we will need to increase the number of independent directors and adopt policies regarding internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. We also expect that operating as a public company will make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. In addition, we will incur additional costs associated with our public company reporting requirements. It may also be more difficult for us to find qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers. We are currently evaluating and monitoring developments with respect to these rules and regulations, and we cannot predict or estimate with any degree of certainty the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs.
In the past, shareholders of a public company often brought securities class action suits against the company following periods of instability in the market price of that company's securities. If we were involved in a class action suit, it could divert a significant amount of our management's attention and other resources from our business, which could harm our results of operations and require us to incur significant expenses to defend the suit. Any such class action suit, whether or not successful, could harm our reputation and restrict our ability to raise capital in the future. In addition, if a claim is successfully made against us, we may be required to pay significant damages, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current expectations and views of future events. The forward-looking statements are contained principally in the sections entitled "Prospectus Summary," "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and "Business." Known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those listed under "Risk Factors," may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
You can identify some of these forward-looking statements by words or phrases such as "may," "will," "expect," "anticipate," "aim," "estimate," "intend," "plan," "believe," "is/are likely to," "potential," "continue" or other similar expressions. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements include statements relating to:
our goals and strategies;
our future business development, financial condition and results of operations;
the expected growth of the electric vehicles industry in China;
our expectations regarding demand for and market acceptance of our products and services;
our expectations regarding our relationships with customers, contract manufacturers, component suppliers, third-party service providers, strategic partners and other stakeholders;
competition in our industry; and
relevant government policies and regulations relating to our industry.
These forward-looking statements involve various risks and uncertainties. Although we believe that our expectations expressed in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, our expectations may later be found to be incorrect. Our actual results could be materially different from our expectations. Important risks and factors that could cause our actual results to be materially different from our expectations are generally set forth in "Prospectus Summary—Our Challenges," "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Business," "Regulation" and other sections in this prospectus. You should read thoroughly this prospectus and the documents that we refer to with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from and worse than what we expect. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements.
This prospectus contains certain data and information that we obtained from various government and private publications. Statistical data in these publications also include projections based on a number of assumptions. The electric vehicles industry may not grow at the rate projected by market data, or at all. Failure of this market to grow at the projected rate may have a material and adverse effect on our business and the market price of our ADSs. In addition, the rapidly evolving nature of the electric vehicles industry results in significant uncertainties for any projections or estimates relating to the growth prospects or future condition of our market. Furthermore, if any one or more of the assumptions underlying the market data are later found to be incorrect, actual results may differ from the projections based on these assumptions. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in this prospectus. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this prospectus and the documents that we refer to in this prospectus and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.
We estimate that we will receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately US$954.9 million, or approximately US$1,099.1 million if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and the estimated offering expenses payable by us.
The primary purposes of this offering are to create a public market for our shares for the benefit of all shareholders, retain talented employees by providing them with equity incentives, and obtain additional capital. We plan to use the net proceeds of this offering as follows:
40% of the net proceeds (approximately US$382.0 million) for research and development of products, services and technology;
25% of the net proceeds (approximately US$238.7 million) for selling and marketing and development of sales channels, including NIO Houses;
25% of the net proceeds (approximately US$238.7 million) for the development of our manufacturing facilities and the roll-out of our supply chain. We estimate that total capital expenditures in connection with the improvements and installation of equipment at our Shanghai manufacturing facility will be approximately US$650 million. Half of such expenditures are expected to be financed through net proceeds from this offering, cash on hand obtained through prior equity financing and cash from sales of vehicles, and the other half are expected to be financed through interest-free or low-interest debt financing supported by the relevant Shanghai governmental entities; and
10% of the net proceeds (approximately US$95.5 million) for general corporate purposes and working capital.
The foregoing represents our current intentions based upon our present plans and business conditions to use and allocate the net proceeds of this offering. Our management, however, will have significant flexibility and discretion to apply the net proceeds of this offering. If an unforeseen event occurs or business conditions change, we may use the proceeds of this offering differently than as described in this prospectus. See "Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our ADSs and This Offering—We have not determined a specific use for a portion of the net proceeds from this offering and we may use these proceeds in ways with which you may not agree."
Pending any use described above, we plan to invest the net proceeds in short-term, interest-bearing, debt instruments or demand deposits.
In using the proceeds of this offering, we are permitted under PRC laws and regulations as an offshore holding company to provide funding to our PRC subsidiaries only through loans or capital contributions and to our variable interest entities only through loans, subject to satisfaction of applicable government registration and approval requirements. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain these government registrations or approvals on a timely basis, if at all. See "Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Doing Business in China—PRC regulation of loans to and direct investment in PRC entities by offshore holding companies and governmental control of currency conversion may delay or prevent us from using the proceeds of our offshore offerings to make loans to or make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business."
Following this offering, the payment of dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to certain requirements of Cayman Islands law. In addition, our shareholders may by ordinary resolution declare a dividend, but no dividend may exceed the amount recommended by our board of directors. In either case, all dividends are subject to certain restrictions under Cayman Islands law, namely that our company may only pay dividends out of profits or share premium, and provided always that in no circumstances may a dividend be paid if this would result in our company being unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. Even if we decide to pay dividends, the form, frequency and amount will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that the board of directors may deem relevant.
We do not have any present plan to pay any cash dividends on our ordinary shares in the foreseeable future after this offering. We currently intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand our business.
We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. We may rely on dividends from our subsidiaries in China for our cash requirements, including any payment of dividends to our shareholders. PRC regulations may restrict the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends to us. See "Regulation—Regulation on Dividend Distributions."
If we pay any dividends on our ordinary shares, we will pay those dividends which are payable in respect of the ordinary shares underlying our ADSs to the depositary, as the registered holder of such ordinary shares, and the depositary then will pay such amounts to our ADS holders in proportion to ordinary shares underlying the ADSs held by such ADS holders, subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, including the fees and expenses payable thereunder. See "Description of American Depositary Shares." Cash dividends on our ordinary shares, if any, will be paid in U.S. dollars.
The following table sets forth our capitalization as of June 30, 2018:
on an actual basis;
on a pro forma basis to reflect the automatic conversion of all of our issued and outstanding preferred shares into ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis upon the completion of this offering; and
on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect (i) the automatic conversion of all of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares and preferred shares into ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis upon the completion of this offering and (ii) the sale of 160,000,000 Class A ordinary shares in the form of ADSs by us in this offering at the initial public offering price of US$6.26 per ADS, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, assuming the underwriters do not exercise the over-allotment option.
You should read this table together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus and the information under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
Pro forma Pro forma
RMB USD RMB USD RMB USD
Accruals and Other Liabilities:
Accruals and other liabilities
2,218,926 335,331 2,020,132 305,290 2,020,132 305,290
Total accruals and other liabilities
Mezzanine Equity:
Series A-1 and A-2 convertible redeemable preferred shares (USD0.00025 par value; 295,000,000 authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018; no shares issued and outstanding on a pro-forma basis as of June 30, 2018)
8,863,640 1,339,505 — — — —
Series A-3 convertible redeemable preferred shares (USD0.00025 par value; 31,720,364 authorized, 24,210,431 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018; no shares issued and outstanding on a pro-forma basis as of June 30, 2018)
735,470 111,147 — — — —
Series B convertible redeemable preferred shares (USD0.00025 par value; 114,867,321 authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018; no shares issued and outstanding on a pro-forma basis as of June 30, 2018)
3,584,015 541,629 — — — —
Series C convertible redeemable preferred shares (USD0.00025 par value; 167,142,990 authorized, 166,205,830 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018; no shares issued and outstanding on a pro-forma basis as of June 30, 2018)
Series D convertible redeemable preferred shares (USD0.00025 par value; 240,000,000 authorized, 213,585,003 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018; no shares issued and outstanding on a pro-forma basis as of June 30, 2018)
Redeemable non-controlling interests
27,605,620 4,171,861 1,124,900 169,999 1,124,900 169,999
Shareholders' (Deficit)/Equity:
Ordinary shares (USD0.00025 par value; 1,151,269,325 shares authorized as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018; 36,727,350 and 41,178,902 shares issued and 23,850,343 and 31,540,943 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, respectively; No shares issued and outstanding on a pro-forma basis and on a pro-forma as adjusted basis as of June 30, 2018)
67 10 — — — —
Class A Ordinary shares (USD0.00025 par value; No shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018; 582,027,198 and 742,027,198 shares issued, 570,511,756 and 730,511,756 shares outstanding on a pro-forma basis and on a pro-forma as adjusted basis, respectively, as of June 30, 2018)
— — 944 143 1,224 185
Class B Ordinary Shares (USD0.00025 par value; No shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018; 132,030,222 shares issued and outstanding on a pro-forma basis and on a pro-forma as adjusted basis as of June 30, 2018)
— — 218 33 218 33
Class C Ordinary Shares (USD0.00025 par value; No shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018; 148,500,000 shares issued and outstanding on a pro-forma basis and on a pro-forma as adjusted basis as of June 30, 2018)
(9,186) (1,388) (9,186) (1,388) (9,186) (1,388)
Additional paid in capital
169,562 25,625 26,847,735 4,057,325 33,165,808 5,012,135
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)
(167,077) (25,249) (167,077) (25,249) (167,077) (25,249)
(21,766,482) (3,289,429) (21,766,482) (3,289,429) (21,766,482) (3,289,429)
Total NIO Inc. shareholders' (deficit)/equity
(21,773,116) (3,290,431) 4,906,398 741,472 11,224,751 1,696,324
Non-controlling interests
10,531 1,591 10,531 1,591 10,531 1,591
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and shareholders' equity
10,276,097 1,552,960 10,276,097 1,552,960 16,594,450 2,507,812
If you invest in our ADSs, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per ADS and our net tangible book value per ADS after this offering. Dilution results from the fact that the initial public offering price per ordinary share is substantially in excess of the book value per ordinary share attributable to the existing shareholders for our presently outstanding ordinary shares.
Our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2018 was US$882.4 million, or US$27.98 per Class A ordinary share as of that date and US$27.98 per ADS. Net tangible book value represents the amount of our total consolidated tangible assets, less the amount of our total consolidated liabilities. Dilution is determined by subtracting net tangible book value per ordinary share, after giving effect to the additional proceeds we will receive from this offering, from the initial public offering price of US$6.26 per ADS, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Because the Class A ordinary shares, Class B ordinary shares and Class C ordinary shares have the same dividend and other rights, except for voting and conversion rights, the dilution is presented based on all issued and outstanding ordinary shares, including Class A ordinary shares, Class B ordinary shares and Class C ordinary shares.
Without taking into account any other changes in net tangible book value after June 30, 2018, other than to give effect to our sale of the ADSs offered in this offering at the initial public offering price of US$6.26 per ADS, after deduction of the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2018 would have been US$1,867.3 million, or US$1.85 per ordinary share and US$1.85 per ADS. This represents an immediate decrease in net tangible book value of US$26.13 per ordinary share and US$26.13 per ADS to the existing shareholders and an immediate dilution in net tangible book value of US$4.41 per Class A ordinary share and US$4.41 per ADS to investors purchasing ADSs in this offering. The following table illustrates such dilution:
Per Ordinary Share Per ADS
Initial public offering price
US$ 6.26 US$ 6.26
Net tangible book value as of June 30, 2018
Pro forma net tangible book value after giving effect to the conversion of our preferred shares
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value after giving effect to the conversion of our preferred shares and this offering
Amount of dilution in net tangible book value to new investors in this offering
The following table summarizes, on a pro forma as adjusted basis as of June 30, 2018, the differences between existing shareholders and the new investors with respect to the number of ordinary shares (in the form of ADSs or shares) purchased from us, the total consideration paid and the price per ordinary share and per ADS paid before deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. The total number of ordinary shares does not include Class A ordinary shares underlying the ADSs issuable upon the exercise of the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters.
Ordinary Shares Purchased
Share Average
Number Percent Amount Percent
Existing shareholders
851,041,978 84.2% US$ 2,452,416,883 71.0% US$ 2.88 US$ 2.88
New investors
1,011,041,978 100.0% US$ 3,454,016,883 100.0%
The pro forma as adjusted information discussed above is illustrative only.
The discussion and tables above assume no exercise of any share options outstanding nor any request by holders of restricted shares to register their vested restricted shares as of the date of this prospectus. As of June 30, 2018, there are 88,939,542 Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding share options at a weighted average exercise price of US$1.39 per share, and additional 4,869,211 Class A ordinary shares are issuable upon requests from holders of restricted shares. To the extent that any of these options are exercised, there will be further dilution to new investors.
Our reporting currency is the Renminbi because our business is mainly conducted in China and substantially all of our revenues are denominated in Renminbi. This prospectus contains translations of Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollars at specific rates solely for the convenience of the reader. The conversion of Renminbi into U.S. dollars in this prospectus is based on the exchange rate set forth in the H.10 statistical release of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars and from U.S. dollars to Renminbi in this prospectus were made at a rate of RMB6.6171 to US$1.00, the rate in effect as of June 29, 2018. We make no representation that any Renminbi or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or Renminbi, as the case may be, at any particular rate, the rates stated below, or at all. The PRC government imposes control over its foreign currency reserves in part through direct regulation of the conversion of Renminbi into foreign currency and through restrictions on foreign trade. On September 7, 2018, the exchange rate for Renminbi was RMB6.8419 to US$1.00.
The following table sets forth information concerning exchange rates between the Renminbi and the U.S. dollar for the periods indicated. These rates are provided solely for your convenience and are not necessarily the exchange rates that we used in this prospectus or will use in the preparation of our periodic reports or any other information to be provided to you.
Certified Exchange Rate
End Average(1) Low High
(RMB per US$1.00)
6.0537 6.1412 6.2438 6.0537
September (through September 7)
Source: Federal Reserve Statistical Release
Annual averages are calculated by using the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the relevant year. Monthly averages are calculated by using the average of the daily rates during the relevant month.
We are incorporated in the Cayman Islands to take advantage of certain benefits associated with being a Cayman Islands exempted company, such as:
political and economic stability;
an effective judicial system;
a favorable tax system;
the absence of exchange control or currency restrictions; and
the availability of professional and support services.
However, certain disadvantages accompany incorporation in the Cayman Islands. These disadvantages include but are not limited to:
the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and these securities laws provide less protection to investors as compared to the United States; and
Cayman Islands companies may not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States.
Our constituent documents do not contain provisions requiring that disputes, including those arising under the securities laws of the United States, between us, our officers, directors and shareholders, be arbitrated.
Substantially all of our operations are conducted in China, and substantially all of our assets are located in China. A majority of our directors and executive officers are nationals or residents of jurisdictions other than the United States and most of their assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for a shareholder to effect service of process within the United States upon these individuals, or to bring an action against us or these individuals in the United States, or to enforce against us or them judgments obtained in United States courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.
We have appointed Puglisi & Associates as our agent to receive service of process with respect to any action brought against us in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York in connection with this offering under the federal securities laws of the United States or the securities laws of any State in the United States or any action brought against us in the Supreme Court of the State of New York in the County of New York in connection with this offering under the securities laws of the State of New York.
We have been advised by our Cayman Islands legal counsel, Maples and Calder (Hong Kong) LLP, that the courts of the Cayman Islands are unlikely (i) to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States; and (ii) in original actions brought in the Cayman Islands, to impose liabilities against us predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States, so far as the liabilities imposed by those provisions are penal in nature. In those circumstances, although there is no statutory enforcement in the Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, the courts of the Cayman Islands will recognize and enforce a foreign money judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits based on the principle that a judgment of a competent foreign court imposes upon the judgment debtor an obligation to pay the sum for which judgment has been given provided certain conditions are met. For such a foreign judgment to be enforced in the Cayman Islands, such judgment must be final and conclusive and for a liquidated sum, and must not be in respect of taxes or a fine or penalty, inconsistent with a Cayman Islands judgment in respect of the same matter, impeachable on the grounds of fraud or obtained in a manner, and or be of a kind the enforcement of which is, contrary to natural justice or the public policy of the Cayman Islands (awards of punitive or multiple damages may well be held to be contrary to public policy of the Cayman Islands). A Cayman Islands Court may stay enforcement proceedings if concurrent proceedings are being brought elsewhere.
Han Kun Law Offices, our counsel as to PRC law, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of China would:
recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States; or
entertain original actions brought in each respective jurisdiction against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.
Han Kun Law Offices has further advised us that the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are provided for under the PRC Civil Procedures Law. PRC courts may recognize and enforce foreign judgments in accordance with the requirements of the PRC Civil Procedures Law based either on treaties between China and the country where the judgment is made or on principles of reciprocity between jurisdictions. China does not have any treaties or other form of reciprocity with the United States or the Cayman Islands that provide for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. In addition, according to the PRC Civil Procedures Law, courts in the PRC will not enforce a foreign judgment against us or our directors and officers if they decide that the judgment violates the basic principles of PRC law or national sovereignty, security or public interest. As a result, it is uncertain whether and on what basis a PRC court would enforce a judgment rendered by a court in the United States or in the Cayman Islands. Under the PRC Civil Procedures Law, foreign shareholders may originate actions based on PRC law against a company in China for disputes if they can establish sufficient nexus to the PRC for a PRC court to have jurisdiction, and meet other procedural requirements, including, among others, the plaintiff must have a direct interest in the case, and there must be a concrete claim, a factual basis and a cause for the suit.
It will be, however, difficult for U.S. shareholders to originate actions against us in the PRC in accordance with PRC laws because we are incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands and it will be difficult for U.S. shareholders, by virtue only of holding our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, to establish a connection to the PRC for a PRC court to have jurisdiction as required under the PRC Civil Procedures Law.
We were founded in November 2014, as Nextev Inc., which was changed to our current name NIO Inc. in July 2017. Significant milestones in our development include the following:
In February 2015, we established NIO Nextev Limited (formerly known as Nextev Limited), our wholly-owned subsidiary in Hong Kong. We participated in the inaugural season of the FIA Formula E Championship as the Nextev TCR Formula E Team, and in June 2015, we secured the inaugural FIA Formula E Driver's Championship with Nelson Piquet Jr. In November 2015, we held the inaugural NIO Formula Students Electric China NIO cup in Shanghai.
In May 2015, NIO Nextev Limited incorporated NIO Co., Ltd. in China to, among other things, be our global headquarters and engage in research and development related activities. In the same month, NIO Nextev Limited established NIO GmbH in Germany as our vehicle design headquarters.
In November 2015, NIO Nextev Limited established NIO USA, Inc. as our headquarters in the United States to design and develop our software and hardware for autonomous driving systems and other advanced technology modules for our vehicles.
In December 2015, we established XPT Limited, or XPT, our wholly-owned subsidiary in Hong Kong, to engage in the development of systems and components used in electric vehicles.
In February 2016, NIO Nextev Limited established NIO Nextev (UK) Limited in the United Kingdom as our Formula E and EP9 electric supercar headquarters. NIO Nextev (UK) Limited also provides engineering support for vehicle development in Shanghai.
In April 2016, NIO Nextev Limited incorporated NIO SPORT Limited in Hong Kong to handle Formula E related business. In April 2016, NIO SPORT Limited purchased the Nextev TCR Formula E Team (now the NIO Formula E Team), which NIO Nextev (UK) Limited operates on behalf of NIO SPORT Limited.
In May 2016, we entered into a manufacturing cooperation agreement with JAC, pursuant to which the JAC-NIO Cooperation Project (New Energy Vehicle) officially launched since the signing of the framework agreement.
In April 2016, XPT established XPT Technology Limited in Hong Kong in charge of intellectual property management of the XPT. In the same month, XPT established XPT Inc. in Delaware, the United States as an operational base in the United States to engage in technology development and cooperation. In May 2016, XPT established XPT (Jiangsu) Investment Co., Ltd. as its investment platform in China.
In October 2016, we obtained an autonomous vehicle testing permit in the State of California.
In November 2016, we unveiled our NIO brand and the EP9 at the Saatchi Gallery in London.
In January 2017, we established NIO Power Express Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary, which later incorporated NIO Energy Investment (Hubei) Co., Ltd. in April 2017 to handle power management related businesses.
In February 2017, we established NIO User Enterprise Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary, which incorporated Shanghai NIO Sales and Services Co., Ltd. in March 2017, to handle sales and services of our electric vehicles. In March 2017, we unveiled our vision car, EVE, at South by Southwest 2017 in Austin, Texas. In April 2017, we further unveiled our first volume manufactured passenger car, the ES8, and showcased EP9 and EVE at the 2017 Shanghai International Automobile Industry Exhibition.
In May 2017, our EP9 electric supercar broke the record for fastest lap for a production car around the Nurburgring in Germany after having already broken the records for fastest autonomous lap and fastest lap for a production car around the Circuit of the Americas in Texas, USA.
In November 2017, we opened our first NIO House in Beijing. In December 2017, we held our first NIO Day and introduced the ES8 to a widespread audience and began taking orders for the ES8.
In March 2018, we were in the first batch of companies to obtain a Shanghai Intelligent Connected Vehicle Test License to test seventeen items including, among others, traffic sign recognition and lane keeping systems in the testing roads.
In April 2018, we were in the first batch of companies to obtain a Beijing Autonomous Driving Test License to test various items including, among others, perception and compliance with traffic regulations, emergency reaction and manual intervention and integrated driving ability on testing roads.
In April 2018, we entered into a series of contractual arrangements with Shanghai Anbin and Beijing NIO, our VIEs, and their shareholders to conduct certain of our operations in China in the future.
In April 2018 and July 2018, XPT Limited, XPT (Jiangsu) Investment Co., Ltd., or XPT Investment, and certain investors entered into a share purchase agreement and a supplementary agreement, respectively, pursuant to which such investors, subject to certain closing conditions, agreed to invest an aggregate RMB1,269.9 million in XPT (Jiangsu) Automotive Technology Co., Ltd., or XPT Automotive, a company established in May 2018. Upon the consummation of the transaction, XPT Investment holds a 78.91% equity interest in XPT Automotive and the other investors hold an aggregate 21.09% equity interest.
In May 2018, XPT Investment set up XPT Automotive as a wholly owned subsidiary of XPT Investment. XPT Automotive, XPT Limited and XPT Investment entered into a set of agreements, pursuant to which, XPT Limited and XPT Investment transferred the shareholdings in their respective subsidiaries to XPT Automotive. Following the transaction, XPT Technology Limited, XPT Automotive and Shanghai XPT Technology Limited entered into a share transfer agreement, pursuant to which XPT technology Limited agreed to transfer a 100% equity interest in Shanghai XPT Technology Limited to XPT Automotive, as a result of which Shanghai XPT Technology Limited became a wholly owned subsidiary of XPT Automotive.
In May 2018, XPT (Nanjing) E-Powertrain Technology Co., Ltd. and Nanjing Punch Powertrain Automatic Transmission Co., Ltd. entered into a joint venture agreement to establish a joint venture to develop, produce and sell gear boxes for new energy vehicles and other components of new energy vehicles, and provide after-sales service.
The chart below summarizes our corporate legal structure and identifies our significant subsidiaries, our VIEs and their significant subsidiaries, as of the date of this prospectus:
Contractual Agreements with the VIEs and their respective shareholders
Shanghai Anbin Technology Co., Ltd.
The following is a summary of the contractual agreements with NIO Co., Ltd., or NIO WFOE, and Shanghai Anbin Technology Co., Ltd., or Shanghai Anbin.
Agreements that provide us with effective control over Shanghai Anbin
Power of Attorney. On April 19, 2018, each shareholder of Shanghai Anbin, Shanghai Anbin and NIO WFOE entered into powers of attorney. The terms contained in the respective powers of attorney are substantially similar. Pursuant to the powers of attorney, each shareholder of Shanghai Anbin irrevocably authorized NIO WFOE to act on the behalf of such shareholder with respect to all matters concerning the shareholding of the shares in Shanghai Anbin, including without limitation, attending shareholders' meetings of Shanghai Anbin, exercising all the shareholders' rights and shareholders' voting rights, and designating and appointing the legal representative, directors, supervisors, chief executive officer and other senior management members of Shanghai Anbin.
Loan Agreement. On April 19, 2018, each shareholder of Shanghai Anbin, Shanghai Anbin and NIO WFOE entered into loan agreements. The terms contained in the respective loan agreements are substantially similar.
Pursuant to the loan agreements, the NIO WFOE should provide the shareholders of Shanghai Anbin with a loan in the aggregate amount of RMB30 million for the purpose of contribution of the registered capital of the Shanghai Anbin. The shareholders agree that the proceeds from the transfer of the equity interest of the shareholders in Shanghai Anbin or increase of the working capital of Shanghai Anbin, pursuant to the exercise of the right to acquire such equity interest by NIO WFOE under the exclusive option agreement, should be used by the shareholders to repay the loan to the extent permissible. The loan agreements should become effective upon execution by the parties, and should expire upon the date of full performance by the parties of their respective obligations under the loan agreements.
Equity Interest Pledge Agreement. On April 19, 2018, each shareholder of Shanghai Anbin, Shanghai Anbin, and WFOE entered into equity interest pledge agreements. The terms contained in the respective equity interest pledge agreements are substantially similar. Pursuant to the equity pledge agreements, those shareholders should pledge 100% equity interest in Shanghai Anbin to the NIO WFOE to guarantee the performance by Shanghai Anbin and its shareholders of their obligations under the loan agreement, the exclusive option agreement, the exclusive business cooperation agreement, and the power of attorney. If events of default defined therein occur, upon giving written notice to the shareholders, as pledgee, the NIO WFOE to the extent permitted by PRC laws may exercise the right to enforce the pledge, unless the event of default has been successfully resolved to the satisfaction of NIO WFOE within twenty days after the delivery of the written notice. Those shareholders agree that, without NIO WFOE's prior written consent, during the term of the equity interest pledge agreement, they will not place or permit the existence of any security interest or other encumbrance on the equity interest in Shanghai Anbin or any portion thereof. As of the date of this prospectus, we have completed registering the equity pledge with the relevant office of the SAMR in accordance with the PRC Property Rights Law.
Agreements that allow us to receive economic benefits from Shanghai Anbin
Exclusive Business Cooperation Agreement. On April 19, 2018, Shanghai Anbin and the NIO WFOE entered into an exclusive business cooperation agreement. Pursuant to the exclusive business cooperation agreement, the NIO WFOE has the exclusive right to provide Shanghai Anbin with comprehensive technical support, consulting services and other services. Without prior written consent of the NIO WFOE, Shanghai Anbin should not directly or indirectly accept the same or any similar services provided by any third party regarding the matters contemplated by this agreement. During the term of this agreement where necessary, Shanghai Anbin may enter into further service agreements with NIO WFOE or any other party designated by NIO WFOE, which shall provide the specific contents, methods, personnel, and fees for specific services. Shanghai Anbin should pay the NIO WFOE service fees, which should be determined by the NIO WFOE after considering, among other things, the operation conditions of Shanghai Anbin, contents and value of the services provided by the NIO WFOE. The NIO WFOE will have exclusive and proprietary ownership, rights and interests in any and all intellectual property arising out of or developed during the performance of this agreement. Unless terminated in accordance with the provisions of this agreement or terminated in writing by the NIO WFOE, the agreement shall remain effective.
Agreements that provide us with the option to purchase the equity interests in Shanghai Anbin
Exclusive Option Agreement. On April 19, 2018, each shareholder of Shanghai Anbin, Shanghai Anbin and the NIO WFOE entered into exclusive option agreements. The terms contained in the respective exclusive option agreements are substantially similar. Pursuant to the exclusive option agreement, the shareholders of Shanghai Anbin irrevocably granted the NIO WFOE an irrevocable and exclusive right to purchase, or designate one or more persons to purchase the equity interests in Shanghai Anbin held by the shareholders at a price equal to the amount of registered capital contributed by the shareholders in Shanghai Anbin or any portion thereof or at a price mutually agreed by the NIO WFOE and the shareholders. Those shareholders further undertake that, without the prior written consent of the NIO WFOE, Shanghai Anbin will not sell, transfer, mortgage or dispose of in any other manner any legal or beneficial interest in Shanghai Anbin held by its shareholders, or allow the
encumbrance thereon, except for the interest placed in accordance with the equity interest pledge agreement, power of attorney and this agreement. Without the prior written consent of the NIO WFOE, shareholders shall cause the shareholders' meeting or the directors (or the executive director) of Shanghai Anbin not to approve the merger or consolidation with any person, or acquisition of or investment in any person. This agreement will remain effective until all equity interests held by those shareholders in Shanghai Anbin have been transferred or assigned to NIO WFOE and/or any other person designated by NIO WFOE in accordance with this agreement.
Beijing NIO Network Technology Co., Ltd.
The following is a summary of the contractual agreements with the NIO WFOE and Beijing NIO Network Technology Co., Ltd. or Beijing NIO.
Agreements that provide us with effective control over Beijing NIO
Power of Attorney. On April 19, 2018, each shareholder of Beijing NIO, Beijing NIO and the NIO WFOE entered into powers of attorney. The terms contained in the respective powers of attorney are substantially similar. Pursuant to the powers of attorney, each shareholder of Beijing NIO irrevocably authorized the WFOE to act on the behalf of such shareholder with respect to all matters concerning the shareholding of the shares in Beijing NIO, including without limitation, attending shareholders' meetings of Beijing NIO, exercising all the shareholders' rights and shareholders' voting rights, and designating and appointing the legal representative, directors, supervisors, chief executive officer and other senior management members of Beijing NIO.
Loan Agreement. On April 19, 2018, each shareholder of Beijing NIO, Beijing NIO and NIO WFOE entered into loan agreements. The terms contained in the respective loan agreements are substantially similar. Pursuant to the loan agreement, the NIO WFOE should provide the shareholders of Beijing NIO with a loan in aggregate amount of RMB10 million for the purpose of contribution of the registered capital of the Beijing NIO or increase of the working capital of Beijing NIO. The shareholders agree that the proceeds from the transfer of the equity interest of the shareholders in Beijing NIO or for the working capital of Beijing NIO, pursuant to the exercise of the right to acquire such equity interest under the exclusive option agreement, should be used by the shareholders to repay the loan to the extent permissible. The loan agreements should become effective upon execution by the parties, and should expire upon the date of full performance by the parties of their respective obligations under the loan agreements.
Equity Interest Pledge Agreement. On April 19, 2018, each shareholder of Beijing NIO, Beijing NIO, and NIO WFOE entered into equity interest pledge agreements. The terms contained in the respective equity interest pledge agreements are substantially similar. Pursuant to the equity pledge agreements, those shareholders should pledge 100% equity interest in Beijing NIO to the NIO WFOE to guarantee the performance by Beijing NIO and its shareholders of their obligations under the loan agreement, the exclusive option agreement, the exclusive business cooperation agreement, the power of attorney. If events of default defined therein occur, upon giving written notice to the shareholders, as pledgee, the NIO WFOE to the extent permitted by PRC laws may exercise the right to enforce the pledge, unless the event of default has been successfully resolved to the satisfaction of NIO WFOE within twenty days after the delivery of the written notice. Those shareholders agree that, without NIO WFOE's prior written consent, during the term of the equity interest pledge agreement, they will not place or permit the existence of any security interest or other encumbrance on the equity interest in Beijing NIO or any portion thereof. As of the date of this prospectus, we have completed registering the equity pledge with the relevant office of the SAMR in accordance with the PRC Property Rights Law.
Agreements that allow us to receive economic benefits from Beijing NIO
Exclusive Business Cooperation Agreement. On April 19, 2018, Beijing NIO and NIO WFOE entered into an exclusive business cooperation agreement. Pursuant to the exclusive business cooperation agreement, NIO
WFOE has the exclusive right to provide Beijing NIO with comprehensive technical support, consulting services and other services. Without prior written consent of NIO WFOE, Beijing NIO should not directly or indirectly accept the same or any similar services provided by any third party regarding the matters contemplated by this agreement. During the term of this agreement where necessary, Beijing NIO may enter into further service agreements with the NIO WFOE or any other party designated by the NIO WFOE, which shall provide the specific contents, methods, personnel, and fees for specific services. Beijing NIO should pay the NIO WFOE service fees, which should be determined by the NIO WFOE after considering, among other things, the operation conditions of Beijing NIO, contents and value of the services provided by the NIO WFOE. The NIO WFOE will have exclusive and proprietary ownership, rights and interests in any and all intellectual property arising out of or developed during the performance of this agreement. Unless terminated in accordance with the provisions of this agreement or terminated in writing by the NIO WFOE, the agreement shall remain effective.
Agreements that provide us with the option to purchase the equity interests in Beijing NIO
Exclusive Option Agreement. On April 19, 2018, each shareholder of Beijing NIO, Beijing NIO and the NIO WFOE entered into exclusive option agreements. The terms contained in the respective exclusive option agreements are substantially similar. Pursuant to the exclusive option agreement, the shareholders of Beijing NIO irrevocably granted the NIO WFOE an irrevocable and exclusive right to purchase, or designate one or more persons to purchase the equity interests in Beijing NIO held by the shareholders at a price equal to the amount of registered capital contributed by the shareholders in Beijing NIO or any portion thereof, or at a price mutually agreed by the NIO WFOE and the shareholders. Those shareholders further undertake that, without the prior written consent of the NIO WFOE, Beijing NIO should not sell, transfer, mortgage or dispose of in any other manner any legal or equity interest in Beijing NIO held by its shareholders, or allow the encumbrance thereon, except for the interest placed in accordance with the equity interest pledge agreement, power of attorney and this agreement. Without the prior written consent of the NIO WFOE, shareholders shall cause the shareholders' meeting or the directors (or the executive director) of Beijing NIO not to approve the merger or consolidation with any person, or acquisition of or investment in any person. This agreement will remain effective until all equity interests held by those shareholders in Beijing NIO have been transferred or assigned to the NIO WFOE and/or any other person designated by the NIO WFOE in accordance with this agreement.
In the opinion of Han Kun Law Offices, our PRC legal counsel:
the ownership structures of our VIEs in China and the NIO WFOE, both currently and immediately after giving effect to this offering, comply with all existing PRC laws and regulations; and
the contractual arrangements between the NIO WFOE, our VIEs and their respective shareholders governed by PRC laws are valid, binding and enforceable, and will not result in any violation of PRC laws or regulations currently in effect.
However, there are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of current and future PRC laws, regulations and rules. In particular, in January 2015, the MOFCOM published a discussion draft of the proposed Foreign Investment Law for public review and comments. Among other things, the draft Foreign Investment Law expands the definition of foreign investment and introduces the principle of "de facto control" in determining whether a company is considered an FIE. Under the draft Foreign Investment Law, variable interest entities would also be deemed as FIEs, if they are ultimately "controlled" by foreign investors, and be subject to restrictions on foreign investments. It is uncertain when the draft would be signed into law and whether the final version would have any substantial changes from the draft. Accordingly, the PRC regulatory authorities may in the future take a view that is contrary to the above opinion of our PRC counsel. If the PRC government finds that the agreements that establish the structure for operating our business do not comply with PRC government restrictions on foreign investment, we may be required to unwind such agreements and/or dispose of such business.
The following selected consolidated statements of comprehensive loss and cash flow data for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, and selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following selected consolidated statements of comprehensive loss and cash flow data for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2018, and selected consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2018 have been derived from our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results expected for future periods. You should read this Summary Consolidated Financial and Operating Data section together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included elsewhere in this prospectus.
(in thousands, except for shares and per share)
Selected Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
(1,137,187 ) (2,350,707 ) (355,247 ) (964,363 ) (1,726,297 ) (260,884 )
27,556 18,970 2,867 4,730 49,565 7,490
Shares of losses of equity investee
2,670 3,498 529 1,991 — —
3,429 (58,681 ) (8,869 ) (11,635 ) (4,897 ) (740 )
Net loss attributable to ordinary shareholder of NIO Inc.
(3,517,549 ) (7,561,669 ) (1,142,747 ) (3,130,592 ) (10,054,534 ) (1,519,476 )
Comprehensive loss attributable to NIO Inc.
The following table presents our selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and June 30, 2018.
The consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2018 are on a pro forma basis to give effect to the automatic conversion of all of our outstanding ordinary shares and preferred shares into 851,041,978 ordinary shares immediately prior to the completion of this offering.
The consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2018 are adjusted on a pro forma basis to give effect to (i) the automatic conversion of all of our outstanding ordinary shares and preferred shares into 851,041,978 ordinary shares immediately prior to the completion of this offering; and (ii) the sale of 160,000,000 Class A ordinary shares in the form of ADSs by us in this offering at the initial public offering price of US$6.26 per ADS, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, assuming the underwriters do not exercise the over-allotment option.
The following table presents our selected consolidated cash flow data for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017 and the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2018.
For the Year Ended
December 31, For the Six Months
Selected Consolidated Cash Flow Data:
Net cash provided by/ (used in) investing activities
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the section entitled "Selected Consolidated Financial Data" and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under "Risk Factors," "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" and elsewhere in this prospectus.
We are a pioneer in China's premium electric vehicle market. We design, jointly manufacture, and sell smart and connected premium electric vehicles, driving innovations in the next generation technologies in connectivity, autonomous driving and artificial intelligence. Redefining user experience, we aim to provide users with comprehensive, convenient and innovative charging solutions and other user-centric service offerings.
We launched our first volume manufactured electric vehicle, the ES8, to the public at our NIO Day event on December 16, 2017 and began making deliveries to users on June 28, 2018. The ES8 is a 7-seater all aluminum alloy body, premium electric SUV that offers exceptional performance, functionality and mobility lifestyle. As of August 31, 2018, we had received 15,778 unfulfilled ES8 reservations with deposits.
We began making deliveries of the ES8 to users on June 28, 2018, and we recorded revenues of RMB46.0 million (US$7.0 million) in June 2018, which mainly consisted of revenues from the sales of our vehicles, revenues from our services including charging solutions such as our energy package and one-off usage of our Power Express services as well as revenue from monthly fees, excluding those fees for statutory and third-party liability insurance and car damage insurance paid directly to third-party insurers, under our service package.
The ES8 is manufactured in partnership with JAC at its Hefei manufacturing plant and we also plan to initially manufacture the ES6 in partnership with JAC at the plant. Pursuant to our arrangement with JAC, given JAC's significant investment in this plant for the manufacturing of our vehicles, we have agreed to compensate JAC to the extent the Hefei manufacturing plant incurs any operating losses for the first 36 months after the plant commences mass production, which occurred on April 10, 2018. We expect that the Hefei manufacturing plant's ability to achieve and/or maintain profitability will be significantly affected by our sales volumes. If we are obligated to compensate JAC for any losses, our cash flows and financial position could be materially impacted, particularly if such losses are incurred as a result of lower than anticipated sales volumes. See "Risk Factors— Manufacturing in collaboration with partners is subject to risks."
The following table sets forth a summary of our consolidated statements of operations for the periods indicated: | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 3,859 | [
128000,
18517,
5462,
2432,
19,
340,
89182,
33549,
311,
18592,
220,
18517,
1921,
2432,
19,
340,
24253,
2360,
13,
220,
8765,
12,
14057,
23105,
198,
6330,
11,
931,
11,
931,
3778,
49571,
661,
45285,
198,
66843,
287,
220,
6330,
11,
931,
11,
931,
3308,
362,
99011,
45285,
198,
45,
3895,
4953,
13,
374,
10209,
220,
6330,
11,
931,
11,
931,
3778,
16946,
661,
13551,
11,
477,
65335,
82,
13,
1115,
374,
1057,
2926,
586,
10209,
323,
912,
586,
3157,
6866,
369,
1057,
65335,
82,
477,
19664,
13551,
13,
9062,
65335,
11105,
832,
3308,
362,
19664,
4430,
11,
1370,
907,
2326,
3,
15,
13,
931,
914,
824,
4430,
627,
791,
65335,
82,
617,
1027,
12054,
369,
15182,
389,
279,
1561,
4356,
12937,
19224,
1234,
279,
7891,
330,
45,
3895
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
18517,
5462,
2432,
19,
340,
89182,
33549,
311,
18592,
220,
18517,
1921,
2432,
19,
340,
24253,
2360,
13,
220,
8765,
12,
14057,
23105,
198,
6330,
11,
931,
11,
931,
3778,
49571,
661,
45285,
198,
66843,
287,
220,
6330,
11,
931,
11,
931,
3308,
362,
99011,
45285,
198,
45,
3895,
4953,
13,
374,
10209,
220,
6330,
11,
931,
11,
931,
3778,
16946,
661,
13551,
11,
477,
65335,
82,
13,
1115,
374,
1057,
2926,
586,
10209,
323,
912,
586,
3157,
6866,
369,
1057,
65335,
82,
477,
19664,
13551,
13,
9062,
65335,
11105,
832,
3308,
362,
19664,
4430,
11,
1370,
907,
2326,
3,
15,
13,
931,
914,
824,
4430,
627,
791,
65335,
82,
617,
1027,
12054,
369,
15182,
389,
279,
1561,
4356,
12937,
19224,
1234,
279,
7891,
330,
45,
3895,
-100
] |
Q: JsonResult in MVC3 app need to add a default entry at top of results... I need to insert a default value at the top of the result I have as below....
Can someone give me a clue how to do it with an anonymous type?
public JsonResult GetThingsForStuff(string stuff)
{
var things= from c in db.MYTABLE
where c.idofstuff == stuff
select new { id = c.realid, name = c.realname};
return Json(things, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}
In my controller I do this initially by
List<SelectListItem> items3 = new SelectList(db.MYTABLE.ToList().Distinct(), "realid", "realname").ToList();
items3.Insert(0, (new SelectListItem { Text = "Select Me", Value = "0" }));
ViewBag.Things = items3;
by I have a javascript function reloading this dropdownlist based on the selected "stuff" and I need this default back at the top.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks,
David
A: You could concatenate them:
public JsonResult GetThingsForStuff(string stuff)
{
var things = db
.MYTABLE
.Where(x => x.idofstuff == stuff)
.ToList()
.Select(x => new SelectListItem
{
Value = x.realid.ToString(),
Text = x.realname
});
var items = new[] { new SelectListItem { Text = "Select Me", Value = "0" } }
.Concat(things);
return Json(items, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} | 3,059 | [
128000,
48,
25,
59278,
304,
69096,
18,
917,
1205,
311,
923,
264,
1670,
4441,
520,
1948,
315,
3135,
1131,
358,
1205,
311,
5774,
264,
1670,
907,
520,
279,
1948,
315,
279,
1121,
358,
617,
439,
3770,
78928,
6854,
4423,
3041,
757,
264,
31089,
1268,
311,
656,
433,
449,
459,
22939,
955,
5380,
898,
59278,
2175,
42575,
2520,
87722,
3693,
6392,
340,
262,
341,
286,
767,
2574,
28,
505,
272,
304,
3000,
1345,
56,
25668,
198,
5218,
1405,
272,
1801,
1073,
58404,
624,
6392,
198,
5218,
3373,
502,
314,
887,
284,
272,
30891,
307,
11,
836,
284,
272,
30891,
609,
2499,
286,
471,
8472,
25364,
826,
11,
70931,
72502,
317,
262,
557,
644,
856,
6597,
358,
656,
420,
15453,
555,
720,
861,
81177,
19583,
29,
3673,
18,
284,
502
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
48,
25,
59278,
304,
69096,
18,
917,
1205,
311,
923,
264,
1670,
4441,
520,
1948,
315,
3135,
1131,
358,
1205,
311,
5774,
264,
1670,
907,
520,
279,
1948,
315,
279,
1121,
358,
617,
439,
3770,
78928,
6854,
4423,
3041,
757,
264,
31089,
1268,
311,
656,
433,
449,
459,
22939,
955,
5380,
898,
59278,
2175,
42575,
2520,
87722,
3693,
6392,
340,
262,
341,
286,
767,
2574,
28,
505,
272,
304,
3000,
1345,
56,
25668,
198,
5218,
1405,
272,
1801,
1073,
58404,
624,
6392,
198,
5218,
3373,
502,
314,
887,
284,
272,
30891,
307,
11,
836,
284,
272,
30891,
609,
2499,
286,
471,
8472,
25364,
826,
11,
70931,
72502,
317,
262,
557,
644,
856,
6597,
358,
656,
420,
15453,
555,
720,
861,
81177,
19583,
29,
3673,
18,
284,
502,
-100
] |
MarTech » Digital Transformation » IAB's first publication on blockchain in advertising paints an optimistic picture
IAB's first publication on blockchain in advertising paints an optimistic picture
The white paper surveys current projects and the remaining challenges but envisions an ad future that solves the big problems.
Barry Levine on February 12, 2018 at 11:05 am
In a sign that blockchain is picking up steam as a solution to some of digital advertising's biggest problems, the Interactive Advertising Bureau (IAB) released this week its first publication on the topic.
The white paper, "Blockchain for Video Advertising: A Market Snapshot of Publisher & Buyer Uses Cases," surveys the technology, its potential added values — including transparency, reduced fraud and increased efficiency — and looks at several use cases.
Blockchains are distributed ledgers where transactions are open to all participants and, once recorded to the chain, are virtually impossible to change. There is no central authority, because blockchain tech is built on various kinds of consensus. The advantage of this approach is trust between parties who don't know each other, and possibly less fraud because transactions are known.
From the IAB white paper
The report looks at several pilot projects. There's AdLedger, a non-profit consortium of ad and media companies that is working to mainstream the technology. Los Angeles-based MetaX has launched Ads.txt Plus, which employs blockchain so publishers can maintain and publish their own Ads.txt files of approved suppliers of their inventory. Eventually, authorized sellers might be able to verify authorized sellers even if the sellers' names aren't shown.
Kochava's XCHNG intends to open-source its blockchain framework later this year, based on the idea that insert orders can become smart contracts. And NYIAX has built its blockchain-based environment on Nasdaq's Financial Framework, but instead of stocks, it adds a new asset class: digital ads.
IAB's paper is bullish on the technology, noting that this year will see more deployments in advertising, many in the proof-of-concept or pilot stage. By next year, IAB predicts, blockchain could take hold in the industry. But it also notes the challenges, such as improving blockchain's sluggish performance speed, creating standards for identity management and a raft of legal issues.
The vision is certainly enticing for an ad industry struggling to maintain its balance against fraud, transparency and a new approach to personal data because of the upcoming General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Here's one glimpse of that possible future, outlined in the white paper by MadHive CTO Tom Bollich:
"In the future, we would like to push the ad server out to the edges. Instead of housing user data in a centralized data store, [MadHive's blockchain project] allows users to keep their data completely private by pushing ad decisioning to the edges — to the users' devices. For example, can I put an ad server in your TV that is cryptographically sealed and holds your personal information inside of it? The ad server actually asks for advertising as opposed to getting pushed advertising. You never actually tell anyone who you are. That's the future we see. Can your TV work with your phone, and then maybe even your fridge, to know who you are and give advertisers a deeper understanding of who the user is? We think so — and the blockchain can deliver it."
Barry Levine covers marketing technology for Third Door Media. Previously, he covered this space as a Senior Writer for VentureBeat, and he has written about these and other tech subjects for such publications as CMSWire and NewsFactor. He founded and led the web site/unit at PBS station Thirteen/WNET; worked as an online Senior Producer/writer for Viacom; created a successful interactive game, PLAY IT BY EAR: The First CD Game; founded and led an independent film showcase, CENTER SCREEN, based at Harvard and M.I.T.; and served over five years as a consultant to the M.I.T. Media Lab. You can find him at LinkedIn, and on Twitter at xBarryLevine.
Digital TransformationPerformance Marketing | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 2,922 | [
128000,
12331,
35197,
8345,
14434,
54752,
8345,
358,
1905,
596,
1176,
17009,
389,
18428,
304,
13172,
57948,
459,
37036,
6945,
198,
40,
1905,
596,
1176,
17009,
389,
18428,
304,
13172,
57948,
459,
37036,
6945,
198,
791,
4251,
5684,
32313,
1510,
7224,
323,
279,
9861,
11774,
719,
665,
41115,
459,
1008,
3938,
430,
68577,
279,
2466,
5435,
627,
3511,
894,
81702,
389,
7552,
220,
717,
11,
220,
679,
23,
520,
220,
806,
25,
2304,
1097,
198,
644,
264,
1879,
430,
18428,
374,
21816,
709,
20930,
439,
264,
6425,
311,
1063,
315,
7528,
13172,
596,
8706,
5435,
11,
279,
42966,
47423,
22555,
320,
40,
1905,
8,
6004,
420,
2046,
1202,
1176,
17009,
389,
279,
8712,
627,
791,
4251,
5684,
11,
330,
99998,
369,
8519,
47423,
25,
362,
8152,
69797,
315
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
12331,
35197,
8345,
14434,
54752,
8345,
358,
1905,
596,
1176,
17009,
389,
18428,
304,
13172,
57948,
459,
37036,
6945,
198,
40,
1905,
596,
1176,
17009,
389,
18428,
304,
13172,
57948,
459,
37036,
6945,
198,
791,
4251,
5684,
32313,
1510,
7224,
323,
279,
9861,
11774,
719,
665,
41115,
459,
1008,
3938,
430,
68577,
279,
2466,
5435,
627,
3511,
894,
81702,
389,
7552,
220,
717,
11,
220,
679,
23,
520,
220,
806,
25,
2304,
1097,
198,
644,
264,
1879,
430,
18428,
374,
21816,
709,
20930,
439,
264,
6425,
311,
1063,
315,
7528,
13172,
596,
8706,
5435,
11,
279,
42966,
47423,
22555,
320,
40,
1905,
8,
6004,
420,
2046,
1202,
1176,
17009,
389,
279,
8712,
627,
791,
4251,
5684,
11,
330,
99998,
369,
8519,
47423,
25,
362,
8152,
69797,
315,
-100
] |
START YOUR PETITION
Education Petitions
Where do you stand on today's education issues? Let's stand together.
It's time to stand together on the education issues we face today. Those issues are big and they are complex, but we can ensure that every child receives a quality education if we unite around our shared vision and focus our energy on impact.
We all agree that every child deserves an affordable, high quality education. And every teacher deserves to be fairly compensated. Every community deserves funding for the programs and resources it needs to give our kids the very best possible start and every possible opportunity. But everyday, the education issues we face are holding our children back. Students around the world are falling behind. Individual students with particular needs, interests, or inclinations are getting lost in the shuffle. Class sizes are increasing as the pool of available teachers is decreasing. In 2008, the United Nations estimated that 69 million children, worldwide, were out of school. Millions of children won't receive an education due to poverty, safety concerns, or discrimination. We are increasingly unable to provide a strong start for today's children.
These education issues seem insurmountable. But we cannot just throw up our hands and continue to ignore these problems. No single person can do it alone. But we know that our community is strong and, together, we can create change.
Let's stand together and advocate for educational reform. Let's come together to take a stand on the educational issues that matter. When we unite for good, we can contribute to the solution and improve the quality and availability of education in our own communities and around the world.
The petitions below cover a range of education issues and take a variety of approaches. Some are aimed at elected officials, pleading with them to change policies and standards so that teachers will receive fair pay. Some demand more funding for early childhood education so that our youngest students can start their educational journey well. Some are aimed at universities and banks, urging them to make higher education more affordable so that everyone can enjoy access to the same opportunities. Some lay out the case of one special student or a small group of local kids whose educational opportunities are at risk. Regardless of its scope or approach, each petition aims to create a kinder, gentler, more inclusive world. When we come together and start down the path of solving any one of these education issues, we can change the direction education is headed and make a turn for the better.
When you create or sign a petition advocating for the education issues that matter to you, you become part of the Care2 community—a community that has made world-changing impact through starting campaigns and supporting each other's work. When you create or sign a petition, you join a community united for good. Your signature may help just one child but your action will encourage a culture of promoting education for all and ensuring a better future for our young people. Your support of the petitions below will ensure that we begin to solve the education issues in our own communities and around the world.
When we stand together, our actions have an impact. Let's stand together and take action on the education issues we face today.
hot nonprofit activist
Holocaust Denialism Is on the Rise. We Must Teach Accurate History in Public Schools.
Fight for the national policy to end sexual violence at universities - #ItsRevolting
by: Hannah Price (Revolt Sexual Assault) in partnership with Care2 Team
Cat Dissection Has No Place in Our Schools
Fire Referee Alan Maloney Who Made Wrestler Cut His Dreads!
by: Britney L.
Schools Across the Country Need Clean Water Now
Support #School4All
by: Humanity & Inclusion UK
This School Sent a Girl Home From School Because She Didn't Have "Natural" Hair
These Parents Couldn't Pay for School Lunches So the School Sent Debt Collectors
Sick Teachers Are Being Forced to Pay For Their Own Substitutes
by: Llowell Williams
This school district wants to deny the Holocaust as a way of offering "other perspectives"
Urge Congress to Keep Girls in School!
by: UNICEF USA
In the midst of a global learning crisis, reading is vital to children's success. Help create reading opportunities for vulnerable children worldwide
by: Worldreader
Urge Policymakers to Make Decisions Based on Evidence
by: MDRC
Sign and support gender-transformative education to advance climate justice
by: Plan International Australia
Tell Milwaukee City Leaders: We Need 5G Wireless NOW
by: Let's 5G!
Want Expanded 5G in St. Louis? Tell City Leaders NOW
by: Let's 5G! - St. Louis, MO
In the Richest Country in the World, Teachers Are Underpaid, and Schools Are Underfunded
Petition to Rename Calvin Coolidge Senior High School Football and Track Field in Honor of Coach Samuel P. Taylor and Adrian E. Dixon
by: Andre Carley
All Children Deserve Social-Emotional Learning Skills to Reduce Violence and Build Supportive Communities
JUST SAY NO TO FOR-PROFIT CHARTER SCHOOLS USA
by: Lisa Schurr
This State's Libraries Will Let You Check Out a Free State Park Pass.
Demand Twitter ban the "Libs of Tiktok" account for inciting violence against teachers!
Take a Stand for Student Mental Health in Kentucky!
by: Amira Bowman
Book Banning is a Classic Sign of Authoritarianism. Stop Censoring Books!
Demand the College Board fire the Republican activist trying to ban Black history!
Media, Arts, Culture
Hottest Petitions
Community Petitions
Nonprofit Petitions
Browse All Petitions
start a new petition
the #1 petition site in the world | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 1,339 | [
128000,
23380,
21592,
50359,
7237,
198,
40234,
11586,
6055,
198,
9241,
656,
499,
2559,
389,
3432,
596,
6873,
4819,
30,
6914,
596,
2559,
3871,
627,
2181,
596,
892,
311,
2559,
3871,
389,
279,
6873,
4819,
584,
3663,
3432,
13,
13266,
4819,
527,
2466,
323,
814,
527,
6485,
11,
719,
584,
649,
6106,
430,
1475,
1716,
21879,
264,
4367,
6873,
422,
584,
52696,
2212,
1057,
6222,
11376,
323,
5357,
1057,
4907,
389,
5536,
627,
1687,
682,
7655,
430,
1475,
1716,
30675,
459,
17049,
11,
1579,
4367,
6873,
13,
1628,
1475,
11326,
30675,
311,
387,
14470,
66982,
13,
7357,
4029,
30675,
11006,
369,
279,
7620,
323,
5070,
433,
3966,
311,
3041,
1057,
6980,
279,
1633,
1888,
3284,
1212,
323,
1475,
3284,
6776,
13,
2030,
18254,
11,
279,
6873,
4819,
584
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
23380,
21592,
50359,
7237,
198,
40234,
11586,
6055,
198,
9241,
656,
499,
2559,
389,
3432,
596,
6873,
4819,
30,
6914,
596,
2559,
3871,
627,
2181,
596,
892,
311,
2559,
3871,
389,
279,
6873,
4819,
584,
3663,
3432,
13,
13266,
4819,
527,
2466,
323,
814,
527,
6485,
11,
719,
584,
649,
6106,
430,
1475,
1716,
21879,
264,
4367,
6873,
422,
584,
52696,
2212,
1057,
6222,
11376,
323,
5357,
1057,
4907,
389,
5536,
627,
1687,
682,
7655,
430,
1475,
1716,
30675,
459,
17049,
11,
1579,
4367,
6873,
13,
1628,
1475,
11326,
30675,
311,
387,
14470,
66982,
13,
7357,
4029,
30675,
11006,
369,
279,
7620,
323,
5070,
433,
3966,
311,
3041,
1057,
6980,
279,
1633,
1888,
3284,
1212,
323,
1475,
3284,
6776,
13,
2030,
18254,
11,
279,
6873,
4819,
584,
-100
] |
The choleretic and eupeptic properties of these plants, stimulate the liver and aid our digestive processes. They may also help to reduce motion sickness, as symptoms are often worsened by inefficient digestive processes, for example after a heavy meal. Packaging: 30 sachets 1500 mg = 60 g. Main ingredients: Matricaria chamomilla, Camomile (Plant), Peppermint (Leaf), Pimpinella anisum, Anise (Fruit). Advantages: To support digestive problems, soothe indigestion, nausea and cramps.
Packaging: 30 sachets 1500 mg = 60 g. Main ingredients: Chamomile, peppermint, anise. Advantages: To support digestive problems, soothe indigestion, nausea and cramps. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 4,004 | [
128000,
791,
523,
22847,
5411,
323,
15925,
375,
27330,
6012,
315,
1521,
11012,
11,
51077,
279,
26587,
323,
12576,
1057,
60071,
11618,
13,
2435,
1253,
1101,
1520,
311,
8108,
11633,
54950,
11,
439,
13803,
527,
3629,
47293,
6901,
555,
64481,
60071,
11618,
11,
369,
3187,
1306,
264,
8987,
15496,
13,
70888,
25,
220,
966,
98676,
1441,
220,
3965,
15,
14060,
284,
220,
1399,
342,
13,
4802,
14293,
25,
7011,
2265,
10649,
34809,
316,
6374,
11,
8215,
316,
458,
320,
55747,
705,
5250,
604,
94932,
320,
32561,
705,
393,
6802,
258,
6985,
459,
285,
372,
11,
1556,
1082,
320,
37,
21702,
570,
12605,
38886,
25,
2057,
1862,
60071,
5435,
11,
44276,
1820,
1280,
15505,
290,
11,
61880,
323,
1589,
14989,
627,
31784,
4210,
25,
220,
966,
98676,
1441,
220
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
791,
523,
22847,
5411,
323,
15925,
375,
27330,
6012,
315,
1521,
11012,
11,
51077,
279,
26587,
323,
12576,
1057,
60071,
11618,
13,
2435,
1253,
1101,
1520,
311,
8108,
11633,
54950,
11,
439,
13803,
527,
3629,
47293,
6901,
555,
64481,
60071,
11618,
11,
369,
3187,
1306,
264,
8987,
15496,
13,
70888,
25,
220,
966,
98676,
1441,
220,
3965,
15,
14060,
284,
220,
1399,
342,
13,
4802,
14293,
25,
7011,
2265,
10649,
34809,
316,
6374,
11,
8215,
316,
458,
320,
55747,
705,
5250,
604,
94932,
320,
32561,
705,
393,
6802,
258,
6985,
459,
285,
372,
11,
1556,
1082,
320,
37,
21702,
570,
12605,
38886,
25,
2057,
1862,
60071,
5435,
11,
44276,
1820,
1280,
15505,
290,
11,
61880,
323,
1589,
14989,
627,
31784,
4210,
25,
220,
966,
98676,
1441,
220,
-100
] |
14 LGBTQ Shows and Movies To Stream Right Now To Survive Summertime Sadness
July 23, 2018 Gena Hymowech
We narrowed down the best gay AF content currently streaming so you don't have to go searching.
It's the middle of summer, and much like Lana Del Rey — summertime sadness has started to kick in. That means you need something new to binge watch into the wee hours of the night to keep yourself from anxiety spiraling, we get it. We've all been there, babe.
You spend hours browsing online streaming platforms you're paying for but can't really afford (us too), and by the end of it, you still don't know what the hell to choose. Then instead of having a ~cultural experience~ and trying something new, you watch the same episode of Sex and The City you can practically recite you've seen so many times. Then, instead of actually watching, you stare at your phone for 30 minutes. Womp. Well, not anymore, babe.
We narrowed down the best gay AF content currently streaming so you don't have to go searching. Below are 14 LGBTQ shows and films that are GO-approved. Stop browsing and start binging!
I have chill about a lot of things in life, but not about "Pariah." It's the lesbian film I love the most, and I'll sing its praises to anyone who's willing to listen. This 2011 feature really delivers with a story that so many young lesbians – especially those with families steeped in religion – can relate to. It's a coming of age tale about a young, closeted Black woman who is searching for love while dealing with a religious mother who will only accept her if she's feminine and straight. The whole cast is great, but especially Adepero Oduye as Alike; Pernell Walker as her cute butch pal, Laura; and Charles Parnell as her father, Arthur. This film was directed by Dee Rees, who went on to make the Oscar-nominated "Mudbound."
Currently streaming on Amazon, Netflix, iTunes, YouTube, and Redbox
"Ruthie & Connie: Every Room in the House"
This 2002 documentary about Ruth Berman and Connie Kurtz is an adorable, funny film, that is now also bittersweet in light of Kurtz' recent passing. Ruth and Connie did what Jewish women of their era who lived in Brooklyn were supposed to do – they got married and had children. Then they fell in love with each other. The story could have ended right there and it still would have been a good movie, but these two used their voices to fight for others in the queer community. In 1988, they were involved in a lawsuit that ultimately encouraged New York to give domestic partners health benefits. In 2011, they were finally able to get married, two days after same-sex marriage was made legal in New York. #CoupleGoals right here, y'all.
Currently streaming on Kanopy and YouTube
Photo by Netflix
The wildly popular "Orange," based on a true story of a woman who did in fact go to prison after becoming involved in drug smuggling for her lesbian lover, features one of the most diverse casts the small screen has ever seen, including trans actress Laverne Cox and dyke faves Lea DeLaria and Natasha Lyonne (no, Natasha's not gay, but she was in the classic "But I'm a Cheerleader.") "Orange" is darkly funny and showcases both the humanity of the prisoners and the flaws of the prison system. And there's the soap opera-esque queer relationship of Piper and Alex, or Vauseman, as we know them in our hearts. If you haven't watched this amazing series yet you have some catching up to do! Cause season 6 starts July 27 and WE CAN'T WAIT.
Currently streaming on Netflix
This 2013 film, based on a graphic novel by Julie Maroh, is one of the hottest lesbian films ever, but there's also a lot of devastating emotion running through this tale of intense love between two young women. Adele's life changes when she falls in love with Emma (the girl with the blue hair), but their happily ever after may not be as assured as it seems. It's subtitled and almost three hours, but you won't mind with all the drama and sex scenes.
Currently streaming on Netflix, iTunes and Amazon
"Searching for the Last Lesbian Bars in America"
This Broadly documentary short is hosted by JD Samson, a producer, musician, and DJ formerly with the groups MEN and Le Tigre. Samson goes around the country – from San Francisco to Washington, DC and New Orleans to New York – to talk to those who know the bar scene, including Lisa Cannistraci and Minnie Rivera of Henrietta Hudson. Others talk about lesbians' propensity to fall and stay in love, and therefore not need to cruise in bars so much. Don't blink or you'll miss GO Magazine in a cameo.
Currently streaming on YouTube
"Black Mirror" San Junipero episode
Yorkie and Kelly fall in love in this engaging episode of the science fiction series. The show seems to take place in the 80s, but actually takes place in a different reality altogether. It's a unique, sad, and romantic tale of a virtual world, the limits of life and second chances. When all is said and done, you'll never think of the song "Heaven is a Place on Earth" by Belinda Carlisle in quite the same way ever again. (And you also probably won't be able to stop crushing on the stunning Gugu Mbatha-Raw.)
I had just about given up on new TV until I saw "Pose." This FX series, about the ballroom scene for trans women and gay men in NYC in the 80s, is touching and addictive. The show is not even a season old and it's already tackled so many important issues, such as the AIDS crisis, love between a trans woman and a cis man, discrimination against trans women within the gay male community, the drive to be rich in the greed-is-good 80s, finding gay love, being discriminated against, and undergoing gender-confirmation surgery. Directed by Janet Mock, this show provides true representation for Black trans women.
Currently streaming on FXNow
"Paris is Burning"
And if you have been enjoying "Pose," you'll like what you might consider a prequel of sorts, this 1991 documentary about the scene directed by lesbian director Jennie Livingston. In this funny and in so many ways tragic documentary, we are introduced to a queer culture that had its own language, its own way of dressing and its own superstars. You'll be touched at how these folks carve out a space for themselves in a world that was so hostile to them.
Currently streaming on Netflix and Amazon
"Regarding Susan Sontag"
Susan Sontag was a bisexual writer who introduced the world to the concept of camp in her influential essay "Notes on Camp." She also published a number of books including "Illness as Metaphor," and was a partner of photographer Annie Leibovitz. This HBO documentary looks at many aspects of her life, and isn't afraid to get dishy. (Let's just say Sontag was a bit like Shane.) If you've never heard of Sontag, don't worry. You don't need to be familiar to find this documentary fascinating, though you may feel the urge to read some of her work after it's over.
Currently streaming on Kanopy
"Out in the Night"
Seven Black lesbians were just trying to defend themselves one night in the West Village, but the police did not see it that way and they were charged for murder (attempted) and assault. This documentary, which originally aired on PBS, is an eye-opening account that will have you questioning what you think you know about justice and journalism.
Currently streaming on iTunes and YouTube
Based on a real-story about a queer supermodel who died of AIDS (likely from drug use) in the 80s, this HBO film was one of the first Angelina Jolie was ever in. The story is compelling, if overacted, and yes, there is nudity. Jolie and Elizabeth Mitchell play a sexy if doomed femme4femme couple. Jolie was perfectly cast as the needy, tough, punk rock Gia, who got caught up in a world she couldn't handle. The Amazon version also has a lot of trivia about the film in their fun X-Ray feature.
Currently on Amazon, YouTube and iTunes
"The Same Difference"
Even in 2018, butches are expected to act and look a certain way and date certain people. This recent documentary, directed by Nneka Onuorah, looks at Black butch lesbians who don't follow the script that people expect them to. The film features AzMarie Livingston, Snoop Pearson, Lea DeLaria and GO's own Kate Frawley! This film makes you think about how we can do better by butches.
Currently on Kanopy
"Gaga: Five Foot Two"
Bisexual singer and LGBTQ activist Gaga gives us a look into her complicated world as she gets ready to sing at the Super Bowl. Gaga also gets "super" honest here, talking about what she really thinks of Madonna insulting her (spoiler: it's not good); showing how she lives with a chronic pain condition; using her music to help her family deal with the loss of a beloved family member; and talking about what it's like to be dealing with relationship drama at the same time you are expected to put on a happy face for the public. You've got to hand it to her!
Currently on Netflix
This HBO documentary is about Bindle & Keep, the clothing business for queer folks run by Daniel Friedman and Rae Tutera. It explores the identities of folks who go beyond gender boundaries, such as Grace Dunham (sister Lena produced the film) and author Mel Plaut, who wrote the memoir "Hack," about driving a taxi cab for a living. For a cis man, finding a suit is easy, but for those who are trans or gender non-conforming, it is more complex, and you need someone who not only won't discriminate, but who understands your journey, and knows what kind of suit is ideal not just for your body but your personality.
Currently on iTunes and YouTube
blue is the warmest colorlesbian movieslesbian streaming contentlesbian tvlgbtq characterslgbtq movieslgbtq on screen kisslgbtq tv showsposesame-sex loveSuitedtrans women
December 30, 2021 GO Staff
'The Young and the Restless' Actors On Bringing Sapphic Love To The Soap World
August 12, 2021 Kellie Gormly
10 Sapphic Slashers To Get You In A Spooky Mood
October 26, 2020 Madeline Woods | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 5,427 | [
128000,
975,
51042,
37380,
323,
27019,
2057,
9384,
10291,
4800,
2057,
29878,
535,
8279,
76,
70841,
31781,
2136,
198,
29527,
220,
1419,
11,
220,
679,
23,
480,
7304,
473,
1631,
363,
4842,
198,
1687,
74035,
1523,
279,
1888,
8485,
20479,
2262,
5131,
17265,
779,
499,
1541,
956,
617,
311,
733,
15389,
627,
2181,
596,
279,
6278,
315,
7474,
11,
323,
1790,
1093,
95887,
7462,
49312,
2001,
35359,
70841,
51978,
706,
3940,
311,
10536,
304,
13,
3011,
3445,
499,
1205,
2555,
502,
311,
73922,
3821,
1139,
279,
75165,
4207,
315,
279,
3814,
311,
2567,
6261,
505,
18547,
18823,
6260,
11,
584,
636,
433,
13,
1226,
3077,
682,
1027,
1070,
11,
41346,
627,
2675,
8493,
4207,
32421,
2930,
17265,
15771,
499,
2351,
12798,
369,
719,
649,
956,
2216,
10150,
320
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
975,
51042,
37380,
323,
27019,
2057,
9384,
10291,
4800,
2057,
29878,
535,
8279,
76,
70841,
31781,
2136,
198,
29527,
220,
1419,
11,
220,
679,
23,
480,
7304,
473,
1631,
363,
4842,
198,
1687,
74035,
1523,
279,
1888,
8485,
20479,
2262,
5131,
17265,
779,
499,
1541,
956,
617,
311,
733,
15389,
627,
2181,
596,
279,
6278,
315,
7474,
11,
323,
1790,
1093,
95887,
7462,
49312,
2001,
35359,
70841,
51978,
706,
3940,
311,
10536,
304,
13,
3011,
3445,
499,
1205,
2555,
502,
311,
73922,
3821,
1139,
279,
75165,
4207,
315,
279,
3814,
311,
2567,
6261,
505,
18547,
18823,
6260,
11,
584,
636,
433,
13,
1226,
3077,
682,
1027,
1070,
11,
41346,
627,
2675,
8493,
4207,
32421,
2930,
17265,
15771,
499,
2351,
12798,
369,
719,
649,
956,
2216,
10150,
320,
-100
] |
The glory of Ancient Greece is all around us, even in the 21st century, because Greece was the cradle of Western civilisation. We know about the gods and their characters – Zeus, Athene, Apollo, Ares, Aphrodite – and their heroes, both legendary (Heracles) and historical (Alexander the Great). Architecture, mathematics, politics, philosophy, observation of nature and the cosmos and much more emerged in Ancient Greece. Hugh Griffith's entertaining but informative account of the people and the history places it all in perspective. An outstanding introduction for younger listeners. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 7,238 | [
128000,
791,
27025,
315,
38050,
25431,
374,
682,
2212,
603,
11,
1524,
304,
279,
220,
1691,
267,
9478,
11,
1606,
25431,
574,
279,
1589,
72455,
315,
11104,
8431,
8082,
13,
1226,
1440,
922,
279,
29913,
323,
872,
5885,
1389,
75457,
11,
20277,
1994,
11,
36250,
11,
362,
417,
11,
98408,
24409,
635,
1389,
323,
872,
23757,
11,
2225,
28812,
320,
21364,
18709,
8,
323,
13970,
320,
78850,
279,
8681,
570,
38943,
11,
38696,
11,
11759,
11,
19675,
11,
22695,
315,
7138,
323,
279,
83645,
323,
1790,
810,
22763,
304,
38050,
25431,
13,
30206,
64640,
596,
30311,
719,
39319,
2759,
315,
279,
1274,
323,
279,
3925,
7634,
433,
682,
304,
13356,
13,
1556,
19310,
17219,
369,
14992,
24475,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
791,
27025,
315,
38050,
25431,
374,
682,
2212,
603,
11,
1524,
304,
279,
220,
1691,
267,
9478,
11,
1606,
25431,
574,
279,
1589,
72455,
315,
11104,
8431,
8082,
13,
1226,
1440,
922,
279,
29913,
323,
872,
5885,
1389,
75457,
11,
20277,
1994,
11,
36250,
11,
362,
417,
11,
98408,
24409,
635,
1389,
323,
872,
23757,
11,
2225,
28812,
320,
21364,
18709,
8,
323,
13970,
320,
78850,
279,
8681,
570,
38943,
11,
38696,
11,
11759,
11,
19675,
11,
22695,
315,
7138,
323,
279,
83645,
323,
1790,
810,
22763,
304,
38050,
25431,
13,
30206,
64640,
596,
30311,
719,
39319,
2759,
315,
279,
1274,
323,
279,
3925,
7634,
433,
682,
304,
13356,
13,
1556,
19310,
17219,
369,
14992,
24475,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
Botox has its origin from the organism Clostridium botulinum. This bacteria creates a neurotoxin that at high levels can cause death. It works by paralyzing muscles by blocking the mechanism for muscle contraction. As a medication, it is called a neuromodulator.
Neuromodulators block signals from the nerves to the muscles, preventing the muscle from contracting. It causes a reduction in abnormal muscle contraction allowing the muscles to become less stiff. It is used to treat wrinkles and facial lines by temporarily relaxing the facial muscles that cause these lines and wrinkles in the first place. It can also be used for many medical conditions, the most common is for headaches.
How Safe Is Botox To Use In Humans?
Well, only the dose makes it poisonous. Botulinum toxin can be injected into humans in extremely small concentrations and be very safe.
Botox is administered by diluting the powder in saline and injecting it directly into muscle tissue. It takes 24-72 hours for it to take effect, which reflects the time needed for botox to start blocking the muscle action to contract. In very rare circumstances, it may take as long as 5 days for the full effect to be observed.
Is Botox The Only Neuromodulator?
The most common neuromodulator is called Botox. However, there are others on the market like Dysport and Xeomin.
What Are Botox Side Effects?
The only real negative side effects patients tend to experience are minor bruising or swelling. These side effects are rare and mostly from the very small needle being injected into the skin. This can easily be covered up using makeup.
There are two types of forehead wrinkles: the little vertical lines between the eyebrows called the 11-sign wrinkles (and also called the glabella area) that are caused by frowning or furrowing the brow, and the horizontal lines across the forehead that appear when you raise your eyebrows. Botox can relax the muscles that cause these forehead lines.
Crow's feet are caused by years of laughing, squinting and smiling and are often the first wrinkles to appear on the face. They are caused by the contraction of a circular muscle around the eye area called the orbicularis oculi. Botox injected into this area weakens the orbicularis muscle, smoothing lines and wrinkles.
As opposed to a surgical brow lift which can leave a patient looking perpetually surprised or as if they had just seen a ghost, Botox can give a subtle lift to droopy brows and even add an attractive arch.
How do you turn that frown upside down? With Botox of course! Gravity and genetics can cause the corners of the mouth to turn downwards, leading to a permanent frown and a grumpy appearance. Botox can relax the muscles that pull down the corners of the mouth which gives a slight lifting effect and a much more approachable look.
In some people, frown lines can stretch beyond the mouth and form deep grooves on either side of the chin, running straight downwards from the corners of the mouth. These are called marionette lines because they resemble the mouth lines on a puppet. They are caused by a loss of facial volume and creases caused by the repeated contraction of the depressor anguli oris muscle. Botox can relax this muscle, reducing the downward pull, while facial fillers can replace lost volume and fill in deep creases.
What Is The Cost For Botox?
Cost is highly dependent upon the amount of units needed to provide the best outcome. So prospective patients will have a better idea of the total price once they schedule a consultation. Once a treatment is mapped out, it will be much easier to calculate the cost. Keep in mind that financial options do exist that provide more financially-feasible payment methods. Our practice also accepts all major credit cards. To see a demonstration of Botox being injected click Botox Video. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 9,085 | [
128000,
33,
2117,
87,
706,
1202,
6371,
505,
279,
47120,
19197,
496,
307,
2411,
11164,
24292,
372,
13,
1115,
24032,
11705,
264,
18247,
998,
59866,
430,
520,
1579,
5990,
649,
5353,
4648,
13,
1102,
4375,
555,
1370,
5893,
20994,
24569,
555,
22978,
279,
17383,
369,
16124,
71895,
13,
1666,
264,
24099,
11,
433,
374,
2663,
264,
21143,
442,
347,
10733,
627,
8989,
84,
442,
347,
42391,
2565,
17738,
505,
279,
50581,
311,
279,
24569,
11,
27252,
279,
16124,
505,
60506,
13,
1102,
11384,
264,
14278,
304,
35663,
16124,
71895,
10923,
279,
24569,
311,
3719,
2753,
31161,
13,
1102,
374,
1511,
311,
4322,
74207,
323,
28900,
5238,
555,
28191,
34948,
279,
28900,
24569,
430,
5353,
1521,
5238,
323,
74207,
304,
279,
1176,
2035,
13,
1102,
649,
1101,
387,
1511
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
33,
2117,
87,
706,
1202,
6371,
505,
279,
47120,
19197,
496,
307,
2411,
11164,
24292,
372,
13,
1115,
24032,
11705,
264,
18247,
998,
59866,
430,
520,
1579,
5990,
649,
5353,
4648,
13,
1102,
4375,
555,
1370,
5893,
20994,
24569,
555,
22978,
279,
17383,
369,
16124,
71895,
13,
1666,
264,
24099,
11,
433,
374,
2663,
264,
21143,
442,
347,
10733,
627,
8989,
84,
442,
347,
42391,
2565,
17738,
505,
279,
50581,
311,
279,
24569,
11,
27252,
279,
16124,
505,
60506,
13,
1102,
11384,
264,
14278,
304,
35663,
16124,
71895,
10923,
279,
24569,
311,
3719,
2753,
31161,
13,
1102,
374,
1511,
311,
4322,
74207,
323,
28900,
5238,
555,
28191,
34948,
279,
28900,
24569,
430,
5353,
1521,
5238,
323,
74207,
304,
279,
1176,
2035,
13,
1102,
649,
1101,
387,
1511,
-100
] |
When you talk about fish tanks you are not just talking about a container used to hold different aquatic species, there's more to it. The kind of fish tanks that people have emanates the kind of style they are into, in the other words the style of their fish tanks will allow you to get a glimpse of their preference. One thing that you can keep in mind is that there is more to having aquatic organisms like fish, there are tons of things you can do to transform that dull experience into an exciting one. All you need to have is creativity and dedication to take care of the fish and its environment, with that you can be assured to have a great fish tank that will last long.
What are the secrets of having a one of kind fish tank? The answer is quite simple. What you need to consider is its proper positioning, the size, the style and design. With this, finding the right fish tank won't be as difficult as you think. This article will serve as your aquatic guide which contains a step-by-step process of having an amazing fish tank.
First and foremost, when searching for an ideal fish tank it should complement the place where you intend to set it up. If you are putting them in a place with a certain interior design then you can try searching for tanks that has similar features complementary to the place. As much as possible you need to make sure the tanks will look good with the interior of the home or room so that future guests won't find it disturbing to look at. Another factor that affects the kind of tank you will be using is the furniture pieces you have in the room and other objects found in it. There are different shapes and size for fish tanks, it could a 20 litre fish tank or just whatever you think that will fit the existing design in the room. In choosing a fish tank, you don't need to be in a hurry, just take your time in thinking of the features that you must look for a tank.
What you need to consider next is the design of the fish tank. If you want to customize the things found in the fish tanks, that is also possible. But of course, you must think of the usual objects that are found in fish tanks or a list of things you can include in a fish tank. It is vital that the objects are sterilized prior putting it in the tank. It is also possible to copy some fish tank ideas online but of course only if its suitable for your room. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 1,068 | [
128000,
4599,
499,
3137,
922,
7795,
26951,
499,
527,
539,
1120,
7556,
922,
264,
5593,
1511,
311,
3412,
2204,
72491,
9606,
11,
1070,
596,
810,
311,
433,
13,
578,
3169,
315,
7795,
26951,
430,
1274,
617,
69239,
988,
279,
3169,
315,
1742,
814,
527,
1139,
11,
304,
279,
1023,
4339,
279,
1742,
315,
872,
7795,
26951,
690,
2187,
499,
311,
636,
264,
40942,
315,
872,
22698,
13,
3861,
3245,
430,
499,
649,
2567,
304,
4059,
374,
430,
1070,
374,
810,
311,
3515,
72491,
44304,
1093,
7795,
11,
1070,
527,
20181,
315,
2574,
499,
649,
656,
311,
5276,
430,
41630,
3217,
1139,
459,
13548,
832,
13,
2052,
499,
1205,
311,
617,
374,
28697,
323,
39955,
311,
1935,
2512,
315,
279,
7795,
323,
1202,
4676,
11,
449,
430,
499,
649
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
4599,
499,
3137,
922,
7795,
26951,
499,
527,
539,
1120,
7556,
922,
264,
5593,
1511,
311,
3412,
2204,
72491,
9606,
11,
1070,
596,
810,
311,
433,
13,
578,
3169,
315,
7795,
26951,
430,
1274,
617,
69239,
988,
279,
3169,
315,
1742,
814,
527,
1139,
11,
304,
279,
1023,
4339,
279,
1742,
315,
872,
7795,
26951,
690,
2187,
499,
311,
636,
264,
40942,
315,
872,
22698,
13,
3861,
3245,
430,
499,
649,
2567,
304,
4059,
374,
430,
1070,
374,
810,
311,
3515,
72491,
44304,
1093,
7795,
11,
1070,
527,
20181,
315,
2574,
499,
649,
656,
311,
5276,
430,
41630,
3217,
1139,
459,
13548,
832,
13,
2052,
499,
1205,
311,
617,
374,
28697,
323,
39955,
311,
1935,
2512,
315,
279,
7795,
323,
1202,
4676,
11,
449,
430,
499,
649,
-100
] |
A Região Hidrográfica do Guaíba situa-se na porção centro-leste do Rio Grande do Sul. Abrange as províncias geomorfológicas do Planalto Meridional, da Depressão Central e, em menor área, da Planície Costeira Interior e do Escudo Sul-Rio Grandense.
Possui uma área de 84.763,54 km², correspondendo a 30% do território estadual, e 251 municípios, inseridos total ou parcialmente. Limita-se ao norte com a Região Hidrográfica do Uruguai e ao sul com a Região Hidrográfica do Litoral.
A Região Hidrográfica do Guaíba foi dividida em 9 bacias hidrográficas e cada um tem seu Comitê de Gerenciamento.
Tem essa denominação porque o Lago Guaíba recebe as águas de todos os rios e arroios que dela fazem parte.
Bacias hidrográficas
Alto Jacuí
O Jacuí contribui com 85% das águas formadoras do Lago Guaíba e é represado pelas barragens de Passo Real, Ernestina e Itaúba. No verão ocorrem problemas de navegação e abastecimento, pois alguns trechos tem vazão regulada pelas turbinas das hidrelétricas. A economia da região caracteriza-se pelo uso intensivo do solo para agricultura e pecuária.
Pardo
As lavouras de arroz irrigado constituem a principal demanda de água nesta bacia, atingindo 90% do total dos recursos hídricos entre dezembro e fevereiro, período de baixa vazão do rio. O plantio do tabaco também é importante e causa impacto no meio ambiente devido à utilização de agrotóxicos.
Vacaraí
O rio nasce em São Gabriel, passa por Santa Maria e deságua no Rio Jacuí. O solo é ocupado por latifúndios, caracterizando-se pela pecuária extensiva e agricultura. O principal conflito de uso da região é gerado pela coincidência do cultivo de arroz irrigado com a época de menor disponibilidade de água. A atividade industrial desta bacia é a de menor expressão da Região Hidrográfica.
Baixo Jacuí
A extração do carvão na Bacia é intensa, causando significativo impacto ambiental, principalmente em Charqueadas e São Jerônimo. Outra característica é o uso intensivo do solo para pecuária e agricultura. No curso inferior, o Jacuí passa pelo Polo Petroquímico de Triunfo. O uso industrial tem destaque na região pelos ramos de química, plástico, metalurgia, siderurgia, borracha e produtos alimentares.
Taquari-Antas
O rio das Antas nasce no Planalto, passando a chamar-se Taquari na confluência com o Rio Carreiro, na altura do município de Santa Tereza. Observa-se dificuldade na acumulação natural da água. Nesta bacia, os grandes responsáveis pela degradação ambiental são o uso de agrotóxicos na cultura da maçã e o despejo de efluentes domésticos provenientes do Aglomerado Urbano do Nordeste, onde é expressiva à contribuição das emissões do parque industrial de cidades como Caxias do Sul, e Bento Gonçalves.
Caí
O grande volume de esgotos domésticos da região de Caxias do Sul é o responsável pelo maior impacto ambiental na Bacia. O depósito de água da chuva fica prejudicado pelo relevo acidentado da região, impedindo a diluição dos resíduos e diminuindo a disponibilidade de água para as atividades agrícolas. Além dos efluentes do Polo Petroquímico há, também, a contribuição dos agrotóxicos utilizados na cultura do morango, no município de Feliz resultando na maior concentração de produtos químicos da Região Hidrográfica do Guaíba: 11kg/ha.
Sinos
O rio dos Sinos é considerado o mais poluído da região, possuindo importante parque industrial, onde se destacam, os ramos coureiro-calçadista, petroquímico e metalúrgico. O setor primário é pouco significativo fora do curso superior do rio. O Sinos criou o primeiro comitê de gerenciamento de bacia hidrográfica do Brasil.
Gravataí
O rio Gravataí, incapaz de realizar a regulação natural de sua vazão, é considerado o mais sensível da região. O Banhado Grande, que funciona como uma esponja regulando as vazões a montante, foi bastante impactado pelas lavouras de arroz irrigado, reduzindo a capacidade de acumulação de água. As principais indústrias são automobilística, mecânica, de produtos alimentares e bebidas.
Lago Guaíba
As águas dos rios Gravataí, Sinos, Caí e Jacuí desembocam no Delta do Jacuí, formando o Lago Guaíba que banha os municípios de Porto Alegre, Eldorado do Sul, Guaíba, Barra do Ribeiro e Viamão. Os principais impactos ambientas devem-se aos lançamentos de esgotos de Porto Alegre e das águas poluídas dos rios Gravataí e Sinos. As indústrias principais pertencem aos ramos de metalurgia, celulose e produtos alimentares.
Principais problemas ambientais
Situações críticas de poluição nos municípios de maior contingente populacional e concentração industrial, como a região metropolitana de Porto Alegre e Caxias do Sul.
A alta concentração urbana e industrial destas áreas reflete os principais problemas ambientais da região, que são os esgotos domésticos, os resíduos industriais, o lixo domiciliar e a poluição do ar por fontes industrias e veicular.
Nas áreas rurais, os problemas mais críticos são a erosão do solo, o assoreamento dos cursos d'água, a contaminação por agrotóxicos e resíduos orgânicos, especialmente dos dejetos animais jogados nos rios.
Guaíba
Hidrografia do Rio Grande do Sul
Subdivisões do Rio Grande do Sul | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} | 3,651 | [
128000,
32,
3263,
78428,
473,
307,
299,
911,
64501,
3074,
656,
480,
4381,
2483,
4749,
2503,
4381,
7962,
4415,
4247,
6027,
41987,
31307,
5455,
656,
28059,
37623,
656,
46962,
13,
37501,
853,
439,
2605,
2483,
55779,
28355,
269,
8566,
35497,
15540,
656,
9878,
76777,
8930,
307,
4001,
11,
3067,
4241,
676,
3496,
10913,
384,
11,
991,
48370,
55271,
11,
3067,
9878,
2483,
25134,
11443,
68,
9008,
29958,
384,
656,
15917,
7835,
46962,
11151,
822,
10517,
1137,
382,
83729,
2005,
10832,
55271,
409,
220,
5833,
13,
26083,
11,
4370,
13437,
30556,
11,
8024,
8862,
264,
220,
966,
4,
656,
7317,
275,
90566,
78781,
940,
11,
384,
220,
13860,
296,
3609,
2483,
93497,
11,
48425,
13652,
2860,
6033,
1370,
16158,
12826,
13,
29108,
64,
7962,
15190,
308,
16977,
470,
264
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
32,
3263,
78428,
473,
307,
299,
911,
64501,
3074,
656,
480,
4381,
2483,
4749,
2503,
4381,
7962,
4415,
4247,
6027,
41987,
31307,
5455,
656,
28059,
37623,
656,
46962,
13,
37501,
853,
439,
2605,
2483,
55779,
28355,
269,
8566,
35497,
15540,
656,
9878,
76777,
8930,
307,
4001,
11,
3067,
4241,
676,
3496,
10913,
384,
11,
991,
48370,
55271,
11,
3067,
9878,
2483,
25134,
11443,
68,
9008,
29958,
384,
656,
15917,
7835,
46962,
11151,
822,
10517,
1137,
382,
83729,
2005,
10832,
55271,
409,
220,
5833,
13,
26083,
11,
4370,
13437,
30556,
11,
8024,
8862,
264,
220,
966,
4,
656,
7317,
275,
90566,
78781,
940,
11,
384,
220,
13860,
296,
3609,
2483,
93497,
11,
48425,
13652,
2860,
6033,
1370,
16158,
12826,
13,
29108,
64,
7962,
15190,
308,
16977,
470,
264,
-100
] |
Park It — Tarantula Time
Comments Off on Park It — Tarantula Time
By Ned MacKay: East Bay Regional Parks
As the weather cools and summer surrenders to autumn, one of nature's more interesting creatures may make its annual appearance – the tarantula.
This is tarantula mating season. Normally the large, hairy spiders are nocturnal, emerging at night to hunt for the small insects that make up their diet. But this time of year you may see the males out and about in daytime, looking for the females who await them in dens six to ten inches underground.
Life isn't easy for the guys. Sometimes their female partners will eat them after the procreative act. Even if the boys escape that fate, they usually die within a year. By contrast, the girls can live up to 30 years.
Both sexes are preyed upon by tarantula hawks, which are wasps that hunt tarantulas, paralyze them with a sting, then lay eggs on the helpless spider to provide a meal for the wasp larvae when they hatch.
If you see a tarantula while you're out in the parkland, don't try to handle it. Tarantulas are not aggressive, but their bite is painful, and they have barbed, irritating hairs on their abdomens as a defense against predators. And picking up the spider could injure it.
Here's a bonus for your next trivia contest: spiders aren't insects. They are arachnids. Insects have six legs; arachnids such as spiders and ticks have eight. There are other differences, too.
Tarantulas aren't always easy to spot. But a sure way to see one close-up is to attend a program hosted by naturalist Eddie Willis from 1 to 3 p.m. on Sunday, Sept. 27 at Black Diamond Mines Regional Preserve.
Meet Eddie at the uppermost parking lot at the end of Somersville Road, 3½ miles south of Highway 4 in Antioch. The guest of honor will be Black Diamond Mines' new tarantula in residence, inevitably named Harry.
Other regional parks have also scheduled spider programs in coming weeks.
An even larger hairy animal that used to roam widely through California is the bear. While there are still plenty of black bears in the Sierra Nevada, the grizzly bear depicted on the state flag is long gone.
However naturalist Kevin Dixon will lead a hike at Black Diamond Mines from 10 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Saturday, Sept. 26. As the group strolls through oak woodland, chaparral and grassland, Kevin will talk about bears and other wildlife, and how people have changed the landscape.
The hike is for ages nine and older. Meet Kevin at the same location as the tarantula program.
For information on either program, call 888-327-2757, ext. 2750.
At the other end of the regional park district, it's time for the Stone Age Olympics. The free event will take place from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. on Sunday, Sept. 27 at Coyote Hills Regional Park in Fremont under the guidance of naturalist Dino Labiste.
It's a day of Stone Age technology contests and stone tool-making demonstrations. Visitors can try their hand at throwing a rabbit stick, flinging a bolas, or using an atlatl, which is a prehistoric dart-launching device. Flint-knappers will shape rocks into a variety of tools. For kids, parent participation is required.
It all will take place at the park's Dairy Glen campsite. Coyote Hills is located at 8000 Patterson Ranch Road off Paseo Padre Parkway. There's a parking fee of $5 per vehicle. For information, call 888-327-2757, ext. 3220.
Crab Cove Visitor Center at Crown Beach in Alameda schedules family nature fun hour from 2 to 3 p.m. every Saturday and Sunday. On Sept. 26 and 27 the theme is nature art – create your own outdoors with materials supplied by the naturalists.
After that it's fish feeding time from 3 to 3:30 p.m. at the center's large aquarium, which displays crabs, flounder, perch, pipefish and other aquatic residents of San Francisco Bay.
Crab Cove is located at 1252 McKay Ave. off Central Avenue. For information, call 510-544-3187.
There's always a lot going on at the Environmental Education Center at Tilden Nature Area near Berkeley. And the hills will be alive with music from 11 a.m. to noon on Saturday, Sept. 26, when naturalist Trent Pearce conducts a Little Farm sing-along.
Trent will provide the lyrics for you to join in songs about farming, work and play. The Little Farm is right next to the center, at the north end of Tilden's Central Park Drive.
Later on Saturday there's a free outdoor movie from 7 to 9 p.m. at the nearby Indian Camp picnic area, featuring the 2012 animation adventure-comedy, "The Lorax."
The movie will begin shortly after sunset at 7 p.m. Arrive early to get a good seat and take in some pre-movie entertainment. Bring a flashlight, warm clothes and a blanket or chair.
There will be snacks and drinks for sale. No pets, please. Rain cancels. For more information, call 510-544-2554.
Another option this Saturday is the Moonrise to Moonlight Adventure from 6 to 8:30 p.m. Sept. 26 at Redwood Regional Park, led by Morgan Dill.
Meet at the Trudeau Staging Area at 11500 Skyline Boulevard in Oakland, near the intersection with Joaquin Miller Road. Activities will include owl pellet dissection and a three-mile hike to look for nocturnal animals and gaze at stars. The hike is for ages 18 and older. It's free with no reservations required. For information, call 510-544-3187.
The next in the park district's series of Sunday Strolls is from 10 a.m. to noon on Sept. 27 at Martin Luther King Jr. Regional Shoreline in Oakland. Meet at the Garretson Point Staging Area at Oakport Street and 66th Avenue for a 3 1/2-mile level walk to see wetlands and wildlife. For information, call 510-544-3187.
Sunday Strolls explore a different park each week on hikes ranging from one to five miles. The strolls are great for families and dogs are welcome on most hikes. For maps and directions, visit www.ebparks.org/parks.
activities, East Bay Regional Parks, tarantulas, update
Park It — Tarantula Time added by admin on September 18, 2015 | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 6,749 | [
128000,
64706,
1102,
2001,
24912,
519,
5724,
4212,
198,
17828,
4206,
389,
5657,
1102,
2001,
24912,
519,
5724,
4212,
198,
1383,
71099,
7553,
67417,
25,
6460,
9332,
26361,
39272,
198,
2170,
279,
9282,
1080,
3145,
323,
7474,
25139,
303,
388,
311,
42774,
11,
832,
315,
7138,
596,
810,
7185,
20566,
1253,
1304,
1202,
9974,
11341,
1389,
279,
12460,
519,
5724,
627,
2028,
374,
12460,
519,
5724,
73219,
3280,
13,
52783,
279,
3544,
11,
51133,
63236,
527,
93101,
63550,
11,
24084,
520,
3814,
311,
19614,
369,
279,
2678,
41911,
430,
1304,
709,
872,
10173,
13,
2030,
420,
892,
315,
1060,
499,
1253,
1518,
279,
25000,
704,
323,
922,
304,
62182,
11,
3411,
369,
279,
28585,
889,
2597,
1124,
304,
39950,
4848,
311,
5899,
15271,
26326,
627,
26833,
4536,
956
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
64706,
1102,
2001,
24912,
519,
5724,
4212,
198,
17828,
4206,
389,
5657,
1102,
2001,
24912,
519,
5724,
4212,
198,
1383,
71099,
7553,
67417,
25,
6460,
9332,
26361,
39272,
198,
2170,
279,
9282,
1080,
3145,
323,
7474,
25139,
303,
388,
311,
42774,
11,
832,
315,
7138,
596,
810,
7185,
20566,
1253,
1304,
1202,
9974,
11341,
1389,
279,
12460,
519,
5724,
627,
2028,
374,
12460,
519,
5724,
73219,
3280,
13,
52783,
279,
3544,
11,
51133,
63236,
527,
93101,
63550,
11,
24084,
520,
3814,
311,
19614,
369,
279,
2678,
41911,
430,
1304,
709,
872,
10173,
13,
2030,
420,
892,
315,
1060,
499,
1253,
1518,
279,
25000,
704,
323,
922,
304,
62182,
11,
3411,
369,
279,
28585,
889,
2597,
1124,
304,
39950,
4848,
311,
5899,
15271,
26326,
627,
26833,
4536,
956,
-100
] |
Our goal is to provide physicians and patients options to help battle the growing societal epidemic of prescription drug abuse.
We are a privately held specialty pharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing products with abuse deterrent features and benefits based on our novel, patent-protected abuse deterrent technology platform, SentryBond™.
Our management team brings decades of formulation and clinical development expertise, as well as unique commercial experience marketing and selling pain management products. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 7,459 | [
128000,
8140,
5915,
374,
311,
3493,
35944,
323,
6978,
2671,
311,
1520,
8209,
279,
7982,
59529,
42620,
315,
22866,
5623,
11737,
627,
1687,
527,
264,
38171,
5762,
36974,
35410,
2883,
10968,
389,
11469,
323,
8518,
4954,
3956,
449,
11737,
83720,
4519,
323,
7720,
3196,
389,
1057,
11775,
11,
25589,
12,
5883,
11737,
83720,
5557,
5452,
11,
95160,
90944,
16500,
627,
8140,
6373,
2128,
12716,
11026,
315,
55986,
323,
14830,
4500,
19248,
11,
439,
1664,
439,
5016,
8518,
3217,
8661,
323,
11486,
6784,
6373,
3956,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
8140,
5915,
374,
311,
3493,
35944,
323,
6978,
2671,
311,
1520,
8209,
279,
7982,
59529,
42620,
315,
22866,
5623,
11737,
627,
1687,
527,
264,
38171,
5762,
36974,
35410,
2883,
10968,
389,
11469,
323,
8518,
4954,
3956,
449,
11737,
83720,
4519,
323,
7720,
3196,
389,
1057,
11775,
11,
25589,
12,
5883,
11737,
83720,
5557,
5452,
11,
95160,
90944,
16500,
627,
8140,
6373,
2128,
12716,
11026,
315,
55986,
323,
14830,
4500,
19248,
11,
439,
1664,
439,
5016,
8518,
3217,
8661,
323,
11486,
6784,
6373,
3956,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
and is looking to expand their infrastructure team. They have an opening for a Cloud Solutions Architect with at least 6 years of experience in designing and maintaining large VMware based virtual environments. They are seeking intelligent, highly motivated individuals that enjoy cutting edge technology and have a passion for troubleshooting, learning, and sharing knowledge.
Cloud Solutions Architect is responsible for the design and management of all aspects of our diverse Cloud environments. This includes the management and maintenance of storage systems, virtual hosts, virtual servers, Cloud infrastructure, as well as any ancillary services that support these technologies. They will also be an escalation point for the company for technical questions and oversight of technical decisions relating to the Sales team. In addition, they will be responsible for understanding business objectives and creating solutions to meet these company goals with virtualization technology. Cloud Solutions Architect will be required to prepare business documents such as Business Cases, RFPs and RFIs, Decision Matrices, and Cost Analyses as they relate to virtualization technology strategies. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 637 | [
128000,
438,
374,
3411,
311,
9407,
872,
14054,
2128,
13,
2435,
617,
459,
8736,
369,
264,
15161,
23508,
24979,
449,
520,
3325,
220,
21,
1667,
315,
3217,
304,
30829,
323,
20958,
3544,
66012,
3196,
4200,
22484,
13,
2435,
527,
11125,
25530,
11,
7701,
27762,
7931,
430,
4774,
14713,
6964,
5557,
323,
617,
264,
11939,
369,
69771,
11,
6975,
11,
323,
11821,
6677,
627,
16440,
23508,
24979,
374,
8647,
369,
279,
2955,
323,
6373,
315,
682,
13878,
315,
1057,
17226,
15161,
22484,
13,
1115,
5764,
279,
6373,
323,
13709,
315,
5942,
6067,
11,
4200,
18939,
11,
4200,
16692,
11,
15161,
14054,
11,
439,
1664,
439,
904,
46845,
35605,
3600,
430,
1862,
1521,
14645,
13,
2435,
690,
1101,
387,
459,
71389,
1486,
369,
279,
2883,
369,
11156,
4860,
323,
38189
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
438,
374,
3411,
311,
9407,
872,
14054,
2128,
13,
2435,
617,
459,
8736,
369,
264,
15161,
23508,
24979,
449,
520,
3325,
220,
21,
1667,
315,
3217,
304,
30829,
323,
20958,
3544,
66012,
3196,
4200,
22484,
13,
2435,
527,
11125,
25530,
11,
7701,
27762,
7931,
430,
4774,
14713,
6964,
5557,
323,
617,
264,
11939,
369,
69771,
11,
6975,
11,
323,
11821,
6677,
627,
16440,
23508,
24979,
374,
8647,
369,
279,
2955,
323,
6373,
315,
682,
13878,
315,
1057,
17226,
15161,
22484,
13,
1115,
5764,
279,
6373,
323,
13709,
315,
5942,
6067,
11,
4200,
18939,
11,
4200,
16692,
11,
15161,
14054,
11,
439,
1664,
439,
904,
46845,
35605,
3600,
430,
1862,
1521,
14645,
13,
2435,
690,
1101,
387,
459,
71389,
1486,
369,
279,
2883,
369,
11156,
4860,
323,
38189,
-100
] |
Metal Injection Molding and Metal 3D Printing Examination
Both MIM and metal AM serve as alternative options to machining for medtech manufacturers requiring metal components.
Additively manufactured lumbar spinal device leveraging variable lattice and innovative frame design, built via Arcam Electron Beam Melting technology. Image courtesy of Amplify Additive.
NuVasive used new technology to help drive improved clinical outcomes for patients. Image courtesy of 3D Systems.
ECA Medical Instruments
Nordson MEDICAL
C&J Industries Inc.
Teleflex Medical OEM
NTK Cutting Tools USA
Mark Crawford, Contributing Writer07.22.21
The goal of metal injection molding (MIM) and metal additive manufacturing (metal AM) is the same—to make durable, high-quality metal components, implants, instruments, and other devices. Both methods offer medical device manufacturers (MDMs) and their contract manufacturers (CMs) an alternative to traditional machining.
MIM is well-suited for small, complex geometries and intricately shaped components. It is also a good option for manufacturing medium- to high-volume parts for medical devices for laparoscopic surgeries and other high-volume applications, such as surgical instruments.
"We have used MIM successfully for over 20 years to manufacture millions of parts yearly for single-use surgical instruments, including powered device drive chains, end effectors, connectors, and other applications," said Steve Santoro, executive vice president for MICRO, a Somerset, N.J.-based full-service contract manufacturer of precision medical devices and provider of injection/insert/metal injection molding services. "MIM is versatile and low-risk from a manufacturing standpoint and used broadly across a range of industries."
MIM is also a highly scalable and cost-effective metal manufacturing technique, which is one reason the global market for MIM "is growing at a rate of 7.5 percent annually, as more industries adopt the process for an expanding range of applications," added Nick Eidem, director of business development for Advanced Powder Products, a Philipsburg, Pa.-based provider of metal injection molding and 3D metal printing (3MP).
For metal AM, medical device applications continue to expand as the process becomes more widely accepted as a viable alternative to traditional machining. AM is especially popular in orthopedics because of its ability to create monolithic, porous structures that can promote bony in-growth. "In addition, metal AM eliminates the need for tooling, which helps to reduce costs," said Jeph Ruppert, director of the application innovation group for 3D Systems, a Rock Hill, S.C.-based provider of additive manufacturing solutions. "Metal AM also is a great solution for the production of personalized implants and instruments because of the design freedom it can provide."
The most utilized metal AM processes for medical device production are powder bed fusion (PBF) technologies, which weld layers of metal powder together utilizing a high energy source, typically a laser or electron beam. Titanium is the metal of choice for most AM applications.
"Metal AM is used mostly for manufacturing titanium alloy implantable devices with integrated lattice or porous structures that encourage osteointegration," said Ryan Kircher, senior additive manufacturing engineer for rms Company, a Coon Rapids, Minn.-based contract manufacturer for medical devices. "Companies are manufacturing these types of devices for a variety of applications throughout the body, including spine, knee, hip, and extremities."
There is also a market for AM stainless steel plates and instruments, but is limited to mostly small-run and special projects due to higher costs. Other materials include cobalt-chrome (CoCr) for implants.
Titanium MIM is becoming the preferred manufacturing method for products with long lifecycles in the market and large annual production volumes. Also, because of COVID-19, more MDMs are moving toward single-use devices, which are a good match for MIM.
Injection molding is advantageous because of its shorter timelines. For standard components, "in a month, we can produce 30 to 40 molds," said Santoro. "It takes one to two weeks to create samples, two to three weeks for prototype tools, and upwards of four to six weeks for production tools. Time frames can be condensed by using reliable vendors to build the molds."
Projects often require multiple tools, and delays can occur at the beginning when deciding on a mold and reviewing designs to ensure functionality will not be impacted. MICRO uses AM for tooling but not prototype builds due to the large difference in surface roughness and dimensional capability. "AM is okay for 'touch and feel' samples," said Santoro. "However, when functional or life testing is needed, no conclusions can be made using AM parts when the device will eventually have MIM or machined parts."
The orthopedic sector continues to adopt 3D printing for a growing range of applications—in part because AM systems are becoming more affordable and can produce parts more quickly than before. Used initially for spine applications, AM is now accepted across multiple platforms, including more critical applications in orthopedics such as tibial trays and femoral implants.
"The trends we see are directly related to the markets in which our clients serve," said Brian McLaughlin, president of Amplify Additive, a Scarborough, Maine-based provider of additive manufacturing for titanium orthopedic implants. "If you are a spine company, you need to have a 3D-printed solution to stay competitive. Uncemented solutions for total joints continue to grow, which means more 3D-printed tibial trays for total knees. I think that 3D-printed acetabular cups are also to be expected in today's market."
There is growing interest in metal binder jet printing, especially for titanium. Binder jet printing is similar to MIM and offers a competitive alternative for certain high-volume applications. Binder jet printing is not a mature market yet—however, in December 2020, Ex One announced its binder jet 3D printing system that allows reactive materials to be processed, including metals; a controlled-atmosphere model of its X1 160Pro extra-large production metal printer will be available in 2022 for aluminum and titanium production.1
MIM versus Metal AM
Compared to plastic components, metal as a raw material is costly to manufacture and there are many processes available for fabricating metal components. "The least expensive component is usually the raw materials," said Santoro. "When additional steps are added, costs rise. The key is to pick the best process for each component. Having detailed knowledge of the costs and processing associated with as many of these technologies as possible makes the job easier."
Metal injection molding combines plastic injection molding with metal powder fusion. MIM is often the method of choice when small or complex parts are required that cannot be efficiently manufactured using any other methods. Injection molding can be automated when high volumes and consistent quality are needed. "MIM is ideal for small, complex geometries and intricately-shaped parts," said Santoro. "Post-MIM computer numerical control [CNC] machining can be used to achieve tight tolerances."2
MIM parts are strong and can be bent, welded, hardened, and heat-treated like other wrought materials. A wide variety of metals can be processed with MIM, including stainless steel, steel alloys, iron-nickel alloys, cobalt alloys, tungsten alloys, and ceramics.
Since only a single mold is required to make a part using MIM, the process is highly repeatable and produces parts consistent in size, shape, and strength. Finished parts are relatively strong for their size, often above 95 percent density. According to Fast Radius, a Chicago, Ill.-based contract manufacturer that provides both AM and MIM services to the medical device industry, "because molds can cost anywhere from $50,000 to $100,000, which could be prohibitively expensive for low-volume production runs, MIM makes financial sense for annual volumes over 50,000 with a long production lifecycle."3
Both MIM and 3MP have surface finishes that, in their raw states, are inferior to machined components. In addition, dimensional control can often be an issue. "In the raw state, MIM surface finish and dimension control are superior to those of 3MP," said Eidem. "Many MIM and 3MP manufacturers have secondary machining and surface finishing capabilities that can close the gap between these two technologies."
MIM typically comes with a longer qualification timeline when compared to other manufacturing processes. "Design iterations can also stretch timelines and budgets," continued Eidem. "Because of this, OEMs often default to machined components and forego the long-term cost benefit of MIM. OEMs are constantly looking for ways to reduce this qualification timeline and iteration process to capitalize on the advantages of MIM. 3MP can be used to drastically reduce this timeline and iteration process."
For example, Advanced Powder Products has its own 3D printing technology, Printalloy, that uses the same MIM powder and processing conditions as production components, without the need for tooling. This allows the engineering team to run experiments prior to production tooling being built. "These experiments help develop the process concurrently, saving time and increasing qualification speed," said Eidem.
Engineers often use metal AM when they need to create specialized parts that require high-strength characteristics or have intricate design features. Metal AM does not require molds, which provides designers with more creative possibilities for shape, tolerance, and functionality. The main advantage of powder bed fusion is its ability to produce complex lattice and porous structures. These types of complex structures cannot be achieved using MIM or other manufacturing processes. However, the disadvantages of PBF are higher cost-per-part and lower volume production capability.
"Conversely, the advantage of MIM is that it is cost-effective and can produce high volumes," said Kircher. "Products with complex structures are best suited to PBF, whereas simpler structures in need of high-volume production are better suited to MIM."
Another important advancement in laser powder bed fusion technology is the development and deployment of programmable lasers as the power source. Instead of using a focused columnar laser, the density of the laser energy can be distributed into a shape such as a ring. "This advancement allows for significant increases in manufacturing speed and will also enable manufacturers to print new alloys that were previously difficult or impossible to produce," said Olson.
The biocompatibility of laser powder bed fusion methods has also improved due to the elimination of requirements for binders.
Software Advances
Additive manufacturing of implants and surgical instruments accelerates the product development lifecycle and lowers inventory costs compared to traditional subtractive manufacturing methods. An area of advancement that has greatly enabled MDMs and their contract manufacturers to fully realize the advantages of PBF is the development of design software. "Advanced software enables the design and production of complex implants and instruments with very fine feature resolutions," said Ruppert.
"The next generation in orthopedic implant designs will utilize highly advanced software programs and are mathematically driven," said Adam Clark, CEO for Tangible Solutions, a Fairborn, Ohio-based contract manufacturer of 3D-printed titanium orthopedic implants. "Now that the sky is the limit with new software capabilities, customers are getting creative and turning dreams into intentionally functional models."
Improvements in design software include image synthesis or rendering, residual stress analysis, and real-time build simulation, all integrated into one software product. Improvements in computing power, combined with clever software solutions, now allow designers to create structures with multiple layers of additional complexity.
For example, 3D Systems has made significant upgrades to its 3DXpert software product. Improvements to porous structure generation using a graphical model allow for rapid generation and adjustments to porous structures used in medical devices. "Build simulation has also improved dramatically in recent years, which decreases the number of iterations and improves first-time right yields," said Ruppert.
Now that MDMs and CMs have become deeply experienced with the laser powder bed fusion process, they are much better at predicting outcomes, which shortens the development cycle. As a result, engineers can evaluate designs for manufacturability, make necessary adjustments, and implement new product lines relatively quickly. "In contrast, with metal injection molding and binder jet printing, there is a lot more non-recurring engineering [NRE] and development that must happen during the development stage, because it involves de-binding and sintering processes that can introduce significant changes to the geometry of the part," said Kircher. "It is an iterative process that creates the geometry needed in the final product. With PBF, you can go from prototype to finished part quickly. With MIM, however, NRE cost must be factored into the cost and project timelines."
Another cost consideration with MIM is tooling. For example, many medical engineers think titanium MIM is prohibitively expensive, especially upfront tooling. However, for high-volume MIM applications, tooling costs are generally not a barrier—they are typically recovered within the first year of production due to part price savings. "Titanium MIM is in a class of its own for small parts in high volumes above 10,000 pieces annually," said Mark Mielke, vice president of sales and marketing for Praxis Technology, a Queensbury, N.Y.-based provider of titanium metal injection molding. "AM is leading when it comes to prototyping and larger parts, especially in low volumes."
Combining Forces
Metal injection molding and metal AM are not truly competitive processes because they address different application spaces within the medical device market. "MIM is better suited for higher-volume small parts, but it is less precise," said Ruppert. "You cannot achieve the same isotropic values as you can with AM. Metal AM is better for producing larger, fine-featured parts that deliver the best mechanical properties."
During product development, companies can become too machine-focused. When MDMs start designing, they may design more for the output of the machine process instead of designing for clinical achievements. Engineers may not realize that, even though metal AM and MIM are distinctly different methods that have their own preferred production scenarios, they can complement each other nicely when producing multiple parts and/or instrumentation for an entire implant system.
"When producing a new implant system, there are guides, instruments, cases, and packaging that go with the implants," said Troy Olson, director of operations for the additive manufacturing division at rms Company. "Having the capabilities of both PBF and MIM to create these different pieces can reduce system launch time. If you know the best way to manufacture each component in an entire implant system, and have the capability to do so, the two methods complement each other well. You can also help the OEM choose the best manufacturing solution for its needs."
Cobalt Extreme, an Australian company, has developed a process that builds a metallic endoskeleton using 3D printing and then injection molds a special polymer around that skeleton. Originally developed for oil field applications, the company realized it had potential for other markets, including medical devices.4
"The injection molded polymer in and around the metal endoskeleton is not conductive and becomes an insulator," said David Nommensen, director of Cobalt Extreme. "In addition, other benefits of the injection-molded material include abrasion resistance, resilient deformability, cost, impact resistance, corrosion and chemical resistance, color, service temperature, and low weight. A metal endoskeleton adds mechanical strength to a polymer—think reinforced concrete."4
Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials, in partnership with AddiFab, a Danish company, has developed a new process called freeform injection molding, based on 3D-printed injection mold inserts. This allows injection molders to make the same types of products as 3D printing, but with the superior strength in finished parts that traditional injection molding provides.5
"Freeform injection molding creates injection-molded objects with the same design freedom offered by conventional 3D-printing," said Lasse Staal, CEO for AddiFab. "At the same time, we have brought 3D-printing lead times and start-up costs to the injection molding industry, without compromising choice of materials."5
The freeform injection molding process consists of five steps:
A 3D model of the desired object is created
A negative of the 3D model is created—the mold
The mold is then 3D-printed using a proprietary 3D printable liquid photopolymer resin that can be dissolved completely
The print is then placed in an injection molding machine and hot thermoplastic is pressed into the cavities of the print
The print/injection combo is placed in a special solution that dissolves the print, leaving the completed injection molded part
This process could "be especially useful for rapid and inexpensive injection mold prototyping," said Kerry Stevenson, founder of Fabbaloo, an additive manufacturing news source that tracks the latest developments in 3D printing and AM. "Normally, the process of injection molding first involves the creation of a metal mold, a very expensive and time-consuming process that is only worth doing if there is an expectation its cost will be defrayed over many thousands or even millions of units. This technology will make it possible to inexpensively produce objects virtually identical to proposed injection molded versions, without the cost of preparing the metal mold."6
By keeping production costs down, the freeform injection molding process could allow a business to go into low-volume production for a product that later could be switched to a proper metal mold for mass production injection molding when demand calls for it. "Freeform injection molding works with not only thermoplastics, but also with metal injection molding and ceramics as well," added Stevenson. "This opens up the possibility of using virtually the entire worldwide catalogs of such industrial materials in the process."6
Medical device manufacturers can utilize a variety of methods for producing parts, medical devices, and instruments, including complex ones for surgical procedures such as laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery. According to Santoro, the key is to choose the best process for the component being created. MIM and metal AM each have their merits.
"A full-service contract manufacturing organization with a series of metal fabricating operations needed for surgical instruments, including critical cleaning operations, must contemplate several aspects, including cost, materials, and volume needed before determining which process will best meet the customer's goals for each project," said Santoro.
bit.ly/mpo210741
Mark Crawford is a full-time freelance business and marketing/communications writer based in Madison, Wis. His clients range from startups to global manufacturing leaders. He also writes a variety of feature articles for regional and national publications and is the author of five books.
P1 Technologies
Oberg Medical
LRE Medical GmbH
American Swiss Products Co. Inc.
SigmaTron International
DDL Inc.
RJG
Paragon Medical - Holyoke
Additive manufacturing capabilities continue to expand the options medical device manufacturers have in using the fabrication technology.
Mark Crawford, Contributing Writer 11.10.21
Ensuring Micromolding Success for Miniature Medical Devices
Micromolding services are growing in importance as medical devices and components continue to shrink.
Medical Molding: From Material to Medical Device
Nearly a dozen molding experts discuss this mainstay of medical manufacturing.
The Printed World: Additive Manufacturing in Medtech
Medical additive manufacturing experts discuss key factors impacting the market both during and post-pandemic.
Little Big Parts: Micromolding Under the Microscope
Minimally invasive surgery, device miniaturization, and age-related conditions are increasingly driving the need for micromolded medtech components.
Molding Medtech's Future Through Technology and Partnership
Reassessment of supply chains and technology advancements make domestic molders attractive options for medical device manufacturers.
Adding Fabrication Capabilities: Additive Manufacturing for Production Parts
As printers, materials, and know-how continue to advance, additive manufacturing and 3D printing offer production-ready functionality for device makers.
Materials | Molding
Exact Science: A Micromolding Roundtable
In-vitro diagnostics and a shift toward point-of-care devices are creating a growing need for micromolded components.
Time to Outsource Your Molding Needs?
The advantages may make it worthwhile, but a company needs to understand the critical factors of the "make vs. buy" decision.
Bob Bordignon, Vice President of Global Sales, MGS 07.30.19
Cast in a Different Mold: A Medical Molding Roundtable
This mainstay in medical manufacturing is subject to material and technology advances as well as competition from newer fabrication methods.
Cardiovascular | Contract Manufacturing | Diagnostics | Molding | Surgical
Once or Again? Single-Use Products Are Gaining Attention
Bolstered by recent study findings and their infection control prowess, the single-use device market is primed for growth.
3D/Additive Manufacturing | Contract Manufacturing | Machining & Laser Processing | Materials
Smooth Operator: Addressing Machining's Talent Gap
Skilled machinists must be cultivated through education and apprenticeships to gain complete knowledge of their tools and craft.
3D/Additive Manufacturing | Materials
Additive Manufacturing: A Tool for Driving Innovation
Production applications for additive manufacturing are growing, but there are considerations to keep in mind.
Tom Fripp, Founder and Managing Director, Addition Design & Research 01.30.19
Layering Metal: Additive Manufacturing in Medtech
Advances in additive manufacturing coupled with increased material offerings provide unique opportunities for medtech.
Micro Giants: Micromolding for Medtech
Micromolding isn't just scaled down injection molding—fabricating microscopic parts requires an entirely different approach. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 47 | [
128000,
66761,
54911,
386,
15345,
323,
19757,
220,
18,
35,
51869,
72594,
198,
21279,
386,
1829,
323,
9501,
6912,
8854,
439,
10778,
2671,
311,
98423,
369,
1812,
18261,
17032,
23537,
9501,
6956,
627,
2261,
275,
3210,
28648,
41263,
2308,
50112,
3756,
77582,
3977,
55372,
323,
18699,
4124,
2955,
11,
5918,
4669,
20267,
309,
77976,
51230,
11220,
1303,
5557,
13,
4758,
27104,
315,
72715,
1463,
2758,
3486,
627,
61435,
53,
27645,
1511,
502,
5557,
311,
1520,
6678,
13241,
14830,
20124,
369,
6978,
13,
4758,
27104,
315,
220,
18,
35,
15264,
627,
36,
5158,
13235,
58513,
198,
45,
541,
942,
52699,
15942,
198,
34,
5,
41,
37528,
4953,
627,
22378,
12287,
13235,
41862,
198,
6542,
42,
63525,
14173,
7427,
198,
9126,
54276,
11,
24052,
10831,
30504,
2589,
13,
1313,
13
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
66761,
54911,
386,
15345,
323,
19757,
220,
18,
35,
51869,
72594,
198,
21279,
386,
1829,
323,
9501,
6912,
8854,
439,
10778,
2671,
311,
98423,
369,
1812,
18261,
17032,
23537,
9501,
6956,
627,
2261,
275,
3210,
28648,
41263,
2308,
50112,
3756,
77582,
3977,
55372,
323,
18699,
4124,
2955,
11,
5918,
4669,
20267,
309,
77976,
51230,
11220,
1303,
5557,
13,
4758,
27104,
315,
72715,
1463,
2758,
3486,
627,
61435,
53,
27645,
1511,
502,
5557,
311,
1520,
6678,
13241,
14830,
20124,
369,
6978,
13,
4758,
27104,
315,
220,
18,
35,
15264,
627,
36,
5158,
13235,
58513,
198,
45,
541,
942,
52699,
15942,
198,
34,
5,
41,
37528,
4953,
627,
22378,
12287,
13235,
41862,
198,
6542,
42,
63525,
14173,
7427,
198,
9126,
54276,
11,
24052,
10831,
30504,
2589,
13,
1313,
13,
-100
] |
Big screen adaptations of Stephen King novels have been hit and miss, but one of the best, The Mist, is heading to UK steelbook with this stunning Zavvi exclusive release.
The 2-disc release will include the regular theatrical version of movie, along with director Frank Darabont's prefered black and white version, and a couple of hours of extra features.
Pre-orders will be live at 6pm UK time on Sunday February 7th, so ignore the 'sold out' button until then.
From legendary frightmaster Stephen King and Academy Award® nominated director Frank Darabont comes one of the most tense and terrifying films since The Shining.
After a mysterious mist envelopes a small New England town, a group of locals trapped in a supermarket must battle a siege of other worldly creatures…and the fears that threaten to tear them apart. Starring Thomas Jane (The Punisher), and Oscar® winner Marcia Gay Harden (Mystic River), The Mist has been hailed by critics as one of the best horror films ever made, with an ending that continues to shock audiences the world over.
This 2-Disc Special Edition contains the colour and black & white versions of The Mist along with over 2 hours of special features.
@zavvi Very Mondo looking (did they do it?) deffo adding this one to the collection!
@zavvi I'm gonna be all over this on Sunday!!!
Hated the ending so will pass thanks for keeping us informed though.
The ending was the only thing I liked!
Hope they do good artwork and embossed please???
I absolutely love this movie! This is a must buy!!
Anyone else had their discs loose on arrival. I think the inside casing is a poor design, it has 2 discs and one stacked on top of the other so when it gets shipped, the top disc is very likely to come loose. The first shipment I had to return to Zavvi, sealed as the disc was not only loose but it also had parts loose also which meant the casing had become broken inside. Just received replacement today and again disc loose when arrived but no broken parts. I am feeding back to Zavvi. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 2,358 | [
128000,
16010,
4264,
77765,
315,
18587,
6342,
32963,
617,
1027,
4295,
323,
3194,
11,
719,
832,
315,
279,
1888,
11,
578,
35198,
11,
374,
14836,
311,
6560,
9699,
2239,
449,
420,
20441,
1901,
402,
10176,
14079,
4984,
627,
791,
220,
17,
52765,
4984,
690,
2997,
279,
5912,
66333,
2373,
315,
5818,
11,
3235,
449,
7690,
9454,
15367,
370,
546,
596,
10932,
291,
3776,
323,
4251,
2373,
11,
323,
264,
5743,
315,
4207,
315,
5066,
4519,
627,
4808,
86151,
690,
387,
3974,
520,
220,
21,
5298,
6560,
892,
389,
7418,
7552,
220,
22,
339,
11,
779,
10240,
279,
364,
63578,
704,
6,
3215,
3156,
1243,
627,
3915,
28812,
30647,
13943,
18587,
6342,
323,
16192,
17768,
12175,
39048,
7690,
9454,
15367,
370,
546,
4131,
832,
315,
279,
1455,
43787,
323
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
16010,
4264,
77765,
315,
18587,
6342,
32963,
617,
1027,
4295,
323,
3194,
11,
719,
832,
315,
279,
1888,
11,
578,
35198,
11,
374,
14836,
311,
6560,
9699,
2239,
449,
420,
20441,
1901,
402,
10176,
14079,
4984,
627,
791,
220,
17,
52765,
4984,
690,
2997,
279,
5912,
66333,
2373,
315,
5818,
11,
3235,
449,
7690,
9454,
15367,
370,
546,
596,
10932,
291,
3776,
323,
4251,
2373,
11,
323,
264,
5743,
315,
4207,
315,
5066,
4519,
627,
4808,
86151,
690,
387,
3974,
520,
220,
21,
5298,
6560,
892,
389,
7418,
7552,
220,
22,
339,
11,
779,
10240,
279,
364,
63578,
704,
6,
3215,
3156,
1243,
627,
3915,
28812,
30647,
13943,
18587,
6342,
323,
16192,
17768,
12175,
39048,
7690,
9454,
15367,
370,
546,
4131,
832,
315,
279,
1455,
43787,
323,
-100
] |
There are different issues that can happen in the life of a person. Damage can disable the existence of a person. He/she will be not able to carry on with the life if damage winds up genuine. It is constantly suggested that individuals never trifle with their damage and contact the significant specialist so as to remain on their feet. On the off chance that the issue is drawn out by will, numerous terrible potential outcomes are probably going to happen. Quickly rush to the correct specialist to get the damage checked. Presently, the manner by which getting the damage checked from any specialist is fundamental, similarly requesting remuneration from the individual who has caused this damage is vital.
As indicated by the law, if an individual has been harmed due to the carelessness of some other individual. At that point, the individual liable needs to repay the person in question. Whatever the expenses are recorded for the treatment of the patient must be given by the offender. For this specific reason, Gordon & Gordon Law Firm appeared. It guarantees that individuals get their rights. The legal counselors working in this association are exceedingly qualified. They are endeavoring day and night to give the exploited people their rights.
Individual damage legal advisor can be contracted. The individual damage legal advisor will at that point gather the confirmations so as to put forth the defense solid. They will do their best to guarantee that the unfortunate casualty has been granted with his pay. Individual damage cases are truly confounded. They additionally include the insurance agencies for gathering precise information. The cases that are qualified for damage case could be Medical misbehavior, Product liability or Wrongful passing. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 8,297 | [
128000,
3947,
527,
2204,
4819,
430,
649,
3621,
304,
279,
2324,
315,
264,
1732,
13,
21428,
649,
11404,
279,
14209,
315,
264,
1732,
13,
1283,
57695,
690,
387,
539,
3025,
311,
6920,
389,
449,
279,
2324,
422,
5674,
29592,
709,
22785,
13,
1102,
374,
15320,
12090,
430,
7931,
2646,
490,
19636,
449,
872,
5674,
323,
3729,
279,
5199,
24687,
779,
439,
311,
7293,
389,
872,
7693,
13,
1952,
279,
1022,
6140,
430,
279,
4360,
374,
15107,
704,
555,
690,
11,
12387,
17936,
4754,
20124,
527,
4762,
2133,
311,
3621,
13,
97917,
13270,
311,
279,
4495,
24687,
311,
636,
279,
5674,
10273,
13,
27740,
398,
11,
279,
11827,
555,
902,
3794,
279,
5674,
10273,
505,
904,
24687,
374,
16188,
11,
30293,
35792,
1323,
359,
21597,
505,
279,
3927,
889
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
3947,
527,
2204,
4819,
430,
649,
3621,
304,
279,
2324,
315,
264,
1732,
13,
21428,
649,
11404,
279,
14209,
315,
264,
1732,
13,
1283,
57695,
690,
387,
539,
3025,
311,
6920,
389,
449,
279,
2324,
422,
5674,
29592,
709,
22785,
13,
1102,
374,
15320,
12090,
430,
7931,
2646,
490,
19636,
449,
872,
5674,
323,
3729,
279,
5199,
24687,
779,
439,
311,
7293,
389,
872,
7693,
13,
1952,
279,
1022,
6140,
430,
279,
4360,
374,
15107,
704,
555,
690,
11,
12387,
17936,
4754,
20124,
527,
4762,
2133,
311,
3621,
13,
97917,
13270,
311,
279,
4495,
24687,
311,
636,
279,
5674,
10273,
13,
27740,
398,
11,
279,
11827,
555,
902,
3794,
279,
5674,
10273,
505,
904,
24687,
374,
16188,
11,
30293,
35792,
1323,
359,
21597,
505,
279,
3927,
889,
-100
] |
With the BlackBerry 8130 now shipping with OS v4.3, we knew it wouldn't be too long before this updated operating system became available for other members in the BlackBerry family as well. From what I've seen today, the Curve and Pearl 8100 won't have to wait much longer to enjoy 4.3's full benefits.
Back in August we ran some leaked screenshots of a BlackBerry Curve running OS v4.3. Today we'll take it a step further and give some hands on feedback with v4.3. But first...some pictures!
Just incase you're skeptical that the Camera in your BlackBerry Curve will be able to record video... the following video provides the proof and also takes a quick look around some of the easily noticeable improvements to OS v4.3.1.
the previous screenshot we saw in August was v.4.3.0.18.
Your Curve will soon be able to record video!
Here it is! Videos taken with an AT&T BlackBerry 8300 Curve (and uploaded immediately to youtube) thanks to the soon to be released OS v4.3!! If you own a Curve and update to v4.3 when it comes out, you too will be capturing your own vids!! The first video of Bruno is with the bedroom lights on. In the second video, the bedroom lights are turned off (the room is dark) and the Curve's flash is kept running throughout the recording (what a nice feature for RIM to include!). Good Boy Bruno, Good Boy!
DataViz Documents to Go Included? | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 8,556 | [
128000,
2409,
279,
64528,
220,
24288,
15,
1457,
11862,
449,
10293,
348,
19,
13,
18,
11,
584,
7020,
433,
8434,
956,
387,
2288,
1317,
1603,
420,
6177,
10565,
1887,
6244,
2561,
369,
1023,
3697,
304,
279,
64528,
3070,
439,
1664,
13,
5659,
1148,
358,
3077,
3970,
3432,
11,
279,
54777,
323,
37343,
220,
19232,
15,
2834,
956,
617,
311,
3868,
1790,
5129,
311,
4774,
220,
19,
13,
18,
596,
2539,
7720,
627,
3792,
304,
6287,
584,
10837,
1063,
34947,
49820,
315,
264,
64528,
54777,
4401,
10293,
348,
19,
13,
18,
13,
11450,
584,
3358,
1935,
433,
264,
3094,
4726,
323,
3041,
1063,
6206,
389,
11302,
449,
348,
19,
13,
18,
13,
2030,
1176,
1131,
15031,
9364,
4999,
10156,
3709,
521,
499,
2351,
44929,
430,
279,
14669,
304,
701
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
2409,
279,
64528,
220,
24288,
15,
1457,
11862,
449,
10293,
348,
19,
13,
18,
11,
584,
7020,
433,
8434,
956,
387,
2288,
1317,
1603,
420,
6177,
10565,
1887,
6244,
2561,
369,
1023,
3697,
304,
279,
64528,
3070,
439,
1664,
13,
5659,
1148,
358,
3077,
3970,
3432,
11,
279,
54777,
323,
37343,
220,
19232,
15,
2834,
956,
617,
311,
3868,
1790,
5129,
311,
4774,
220,
19,
13,
18,
596,
2539,
7720,
627,
3792,
304,
6287,
584,
10837,
1063,
34947,
49820,
315,
264,
64528,
54777,
4401,
10293,
348,
19,
13,
18,
13,
11450,
584,
3358,
1935,
433,
264,
3094,
4726,
323,
3041,
1063,
6206,
389,
11302,
449,
348,
19,
13,
18,
13,
2030,
1176,
1131,
15031,
9364,
4999,
10156,
3709,
521,
499,
2351,
44929,
430,
279,
14669,
304,
701,
-100
] |
The Literary Review
Feverish
WHEN WORDS RUN HOT
An International Journal of Contemporary Writing
Contributor's Note
TLR SHARE
Literary world domination...
Vol.52 Issue 04 September 15, 2009
Minna Proctor
For most of us, the last time we reflected at any length on the subject of Manifest Destiny was eleventh grade. And at that age in that context, the moral lines were mostly uncomplicated: "[sputter sputter] … EVIL Empire! … [sputter] Fascist pigs! And [deep breath] Ronald Reagan must … be … stopped!" The geopolitical borders had by then been drawn and the vainglorious motivations of great ships and flourishing empires were entirely yesterday's ineluctable stew. In fact, we chose this theme for our issue precisely because it is so essentially out of currency, elusive, and yet suggestive in a scurrying, spidery way. Manifest Destiny: by which we mean politics, ideology, the world, and heading off into the horizon to conquer. With literature. Bring on the rogue fiction, the expansionist poetry, Latin American bards, identity issues, culture bludgeons; bring on God, men, and guns.
And then the clarion call of bugles fades. "And then what, America?" —asks one of our poets, Bob Evans, here (quoting Milton Kessler)—"What if we have always had this, this more-than-we-had-ever-imagined?" For here we are, well into the twenty-first century. American imperialism creeps and staggers. It is no longer fierce, directed and ideological, but rather ambivalent, apologetic, deadly and political. It does not seem that we want more America (anymore); we simply want a more comfortable one. We "want" easier claims—on oil, technology, mobility, influence. We want greater access and less mystery. Less God, more gold.
As for glory, that most unquantifiable, third face of imperialism? Well, modern glory lies somewhere between Barack Obama and Michael Jackson. Exquisitely American phenomena, both; global in their reach, astonishing in their ascension—large bait for our collective dreams and desires. Self-invented, as Robert Polito points out in our interview with him; a determined combination of imagination and will, a conviction that there is some other, better way to inhabit this moment. How else would you define literature?
Rubén Darío, Leopoldo Lugones, Delmira, Agustini, Pablo Neruda, Juan Gelman, Alberto Blanco
Ilan Stavans, translator
Six Poets from Latin America
Her Life to Come
R. A. Allen
The Emerald Coast
Miciah Bay Gault
City of Lonely Women
Huan Hsu
Tennis Mom
The Most Beautiful Book in the World
Translated byAlison Anderson
J.R. Angelella
Nickolay Todorov
The Dreams of Savages
Matt Mendez
Twitching Heart
Clea Roberts
I Have a List of Things
We Loved to Eat at Burger King
R. G. Evans
"And Then What America, And Then What?"
The Body, An Afterthought
Thomas Reiter
Mathew Brady at Gettysburg
Boy on Market Day
Martin Jude Farawell
Gleaming
The Search for Atlantis
Our Enemies Send Other People's Children on Missions of Suicide and Murder
Translated by J. Kates
Ian W. Douglas
Postscript to an Argument
Weather-Man
Erica McAlpine
after Horace
To Leuconö e
To Pyrrha
To the Lyre
A Dedication
Ernest Farrés
Two Poems on Edward Hopper's Paintings
Translated by Lawrence Venuti
A.K. Scipioni
Picnic Ramallah
Thaw
When We Decided To Build the Wall
Polish Folklore
Jennifer Louise Percy
Jerald Walker
Two Boys
Paul Ruffin
Hi-Ho, Hi-Ho, Off to the Gun Show We Go
David McGlynn
Wanderers in Zion
Cole Swenson and David St. John, editors
American Hybrid: A Norton Anthology of New Poetry
by Renée Ashley
Alan Gilbert
Interview with Robert Polito
Paul Yoon
Once the Shore
By Marion Wyce
Pasha Malla
The Withdrawal Method
By Jeff Bursey
Nicolas Pesquès
Juliology
By Paul-Victor Winters
Diary of a Wave Outside the Sea
By Deborah Hall
Ernesto Cardenal and John Cohen, editors
Pluriverse: New and Selected Poems
By Kristina Marie Darling
Mike Sinclair
Fourth of July #2
Mike Sinclair is an architectural and fine art photographer living in Kansas City, Missouri. His Photographs are frequently published in the architectural press and elsewhere, including The New York Times, Metropolis, Architectural Record, and Interior Design. His work is in several public and private collections, including The Museum of Contemporary Art, Kansas City, and the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, also in Kansas City.
The celebration in Fourth of July #2, Independence, Missouri took place on the lawn of the Truman Presidential Library in Independence, Missouri. The event, according to Sinclair, included speeches, introductions of prominent citizens, and a band concert featuring several numbers with a children's choir. "I think," he says, "the Declaration of Independence was read aloud." The lawn was full of people—some picnicking, some just there for the evening fireworks display.
The haze in the picture is a combination of Missouri's humid summer weather, fireworks, and smoke from the Civil War-era cannons that were fired while Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture played.
Fourth of July #2, Independence, Missouri, by Mike Sinclair is available as a limited-edition print at 20×200.com, a fine art website that offers exhibition quality prints, exclusively online.
Uruguayan poet Delmira Agustini is considered one of the greatest female Latin American poets of the early twentieth-century. Her books include El libro blanco, Cantos de la mañana, El rosario de Eros and Los astros del abismo (all published between 1907 and 1924). Selected Poetry of Delmira Agustini: Poetics of Eros, edited and translated by Alejandro Cáceres, offers a good representation of her work for English-language readers. She died in 1914.
R.A. Allen lives in Memphis. His fiction has appeared in The Barcelona Review #64, Calliope, PANK, SinisterCity, Sniplits (audio) and others; poetry in WordnRiot, The New York Quarterly, Pirene's Fountain and others.
In addition to The Most Beautiful Book in the World: 8 Novellas, Alison Anderson has translated from French Sélim Nassib's novels, I Loved You for Your Voice and The Palestinian Lover; Amélie Nothomb's Tokyo Fiancée, and Muriel Barbery's bestselling novel The Elegance of the Hedgehog.
J.R.Angelella's received an MFA in Writing from the Bennington Writing Seminars at Bennington College. He is a regular contributor to The Chapbook Review and his short fiction has been published in Twelve Stories, Hunger Mountain and is forthcoming in Fifth Wednesday Journal. He lives in Brooklyn with his wife, Kate, and is at work on his first novel.
Renée Ashley is the author of four volumes of poetry; the latest, Basic Heart, was awarded the 2009 X.J. Kennedy Poetry Prize. She is poetry editor for The Literary Review.
Nina Berberova, who died in 1993 at age ninety-two, is best known for her prose fiction and nonfiction, but she was also a poet, playwright and translator. She left Russia in 1922 and lived in Paris until 1950, when she came to the United States. English translations of her poetry have appeared in Cyphers, Modern Poetry in Translation, and Salt.
Alberto Blanco, one of Mexico's most important poets, is the author of, among other books, El corazón del instante, a compilation of twelve volumes of poetry and La hora y la neblina, a second compilation of another twelve books of poetry. Dawn of the Senses is the most representative sample of his work available in English.
Jeff Bursey's articles, fiction and reviews have appeared in many Canadian, British and United States publications. His plays have been performed in Canada.
Kelly Cherry is the author of seventeen books, eight chapbooks and two translations of classical plays. Hazard and Prospect: New and Selected Poems, was published by LSU Press in 2007.
Along with José Martí, Nicaraguan poet Rubén Darío was a leader of the Modernismo literary movement that renovated Latin American poetry between 1885 and 1915. Darío's most important books are Azul . . . , Cantos de vida y esperanza, El cisne y otros poemas, El canto errante and Canto a la Argentina—all published between 1888 and 1914. Rubén Darío: Selected Writings, edited by Ilan Stavans, is a comprehensive anthology of his work available in English. Dario died in 1916.
Kristina Marie Darling is a graduate student at Washington University in St. Louis. Her work appears in the Boston Review, Mid-American Review, New Letters and other journals.
Ian W. Douglas is a writer, photographer and designer living in Brooklyn, New York. His work has appeared in The New Yorker and other publications.
R. G. Evans teaches and writes in southern New Jersey.
Martin Jude Farawell is author of the chapbook "Genesis: A Sequence of Poems," and his work has appeared in the The Cortland Review, Lips, Poetry East, Maryland Poetry Review, Paterson Literary Review, Paintbrush, The Southern Review, Tiferet Journal and others, as well as a number of anthologies, including Outsiders from Milkweed Editions. His plays have been performed off-off-Broadway and by regional, college, community and international theaters. He directs the Geraldine R. Dodge Poetry Program.
Catalan poet Ernest Farrés lives in Barcelona. A journalist who works on the cultural supplement of the Spanish daily, La Vanguardia, he has written three volumes of poetry, including Edward Hopper, which won the Englantina d'Or of the Jocs Florals in 2006.
Miciah Bay Gault is the managing editor of Hunger Mountain at the Vermont College of Fine Arts. Her fiction has appeared in AGNI. She is working on her first novel.
Argentine poet Juan Gelman is the author of, among other books, Violín y otras cuestiones, Gotán, and Cólera buey; the anthology, Unthinkable Tenderness: Selected Poems, edited and translated by Joan Lindgren, offers a representative style of his poetry in English. He is also the author of Dibaxu, a volume of poetry written in Ladino, the Judeo-Spanish language.The two poems included in this issue are from that collection. Gelman taught himself the language in order to compose the book.
Alan Gilbert is a widely published poet and critic, and the author of Another Future: Poetry and Art in a Postmodern Twilight.
Deborah Hall is the author of The Anatomy of Narrative: Analyzing Fiction and Creative Nonfiction, and has published in River Teeth: A Journal of Nonfiction Narrative, and International Quarterly, among others. She is prose editor of the new online journal of Pakistan studies, Pakistaniaat. She teaches writing and literature at Valdosta State University in Georgia.
Huan Hsu lives in Shanghai. This is his first published story.
J. Kates is a poet and literary translator who lives in Fitzwilliam, New Hampshire.
John Lindgren's poetry and prose has appeared in The New Yorker, The ParisnReview, Chelsea, The Iowa Review, The Literary Review, Encounter, Poetry Northwest, and is forthcoming in the American Literary Review and The Southern Review. He is working on his first book of verse, and teaches calculus and physics in Los Angeles.
A prolific man of letters in Argentina at the turn of the last century, Leopoldo Lugones is the author of Los crepúsculos del jardín, Lunario sentimental, and El payador. He also wrote impressionistic, book-long meditations on the war against the gauchos in Argentina, and the Jesuit presence in Paraguay during colonial times. His poetry remains unavailable in English. Some of his fiction is featured in Strange Forces, translated into English by Gilbert Alter-Gilbert. He died in 1938.
Erica McAlpine is currently finishing her PhD in English at Yale. Her poems and translations have appeared (or are forthcoming) in Slate, TriQuarterly, The Southwest Review, Literary Imagination and The American Scholar.
David McGlynn is the author of the story collection The End of the Straight and Narrow. His recent nonfiction has appeared in The Missouri Review, The Southwest Review, The Best American Sports Writing and elsewhere. He teaches at Lawrence University in Wisconsin.
Matt Mendez's writing has appeared in BorderSenses, Alligator Juniper, and has been nominated for a Pushcart Prize and inclusion in Best New American Voices 2009. His story "Airman" was winner of Alligator Juniper's National Fiction Contest.
Chilean poet Pablo Neruda received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1970. Ilan Stavans edited the collection The Poetry of Pablo Neruda. Neruda translated into Spanish the work of Shakespeare, Charles Baudelaire,William Blake, Rainer Maria Rilke and James Joyce. He died in 1973.
Jennifer Louise Percy is an MFA candidate at the University of Iowa's Nonfiction Writing Program. Her work has appeared or is forthcoming in Rosebud, The Atlantic, The American Literary Review, Redivider, The Indiana Review and Brevity. She is working on her first book of nonfiction.
Thomas Reiter's next book of poems, Catchment, will be published this Fall by LSU Press. He has received poetry fellowships from the NEA and the New Jersey State Council on the Arts.
Clea Roberts lives in Whitehorse, the capital city of Canada's Yukon Territory. She has published poetry in The Malahat Review, PRISM International, The Antigonish Review, The Dalhousie Review, International Feminist Journal of Politics, Lake: A Journal of Arts and Environment, and Contemporary Verse 2: The Canadian Journal of Poetry and Critical Writing, among others. She organizes the Whitehorse Poetry Festival, and her first book of poetry will be published by Freehand Books in 2010.
Paul Ruffin is Texas State University Regents' Professor and Distinguished Professor of English at Sam Houston State University, where he edits The Texas Review and directs the Texas Review Press. He is the author of two novels, three collections of short stories, six books of poetry and two collections of essays, and has edited eleven other books. He has just been named Poet Laureate of Texas.
Eric-Emmanuel Schmitt, playwright, novelist and author of short stories, was awarded the French Academy's Grand Prix du Théâtre in 2001. His books include Oscar and the Lady in Pink, The Gospel according to Pilate, and My life with Mozart. The film Odette Toulemonde, Schmitt's debut as screenwriter and director,was released in 2007.
A.K. Scipioni is a recent graduate of the Iowa Writers' Workshop. Her poems have appeared or are forthcoming in Denver Quarterly, Diagram, Poetry Midwest, LA Miscellany, and 1913.
Alison Sparks is a Research Associate in the Department of Psychology at Amherst College. Her research explores the social origins of children's linguistic and cognitive development.
Ilan Stavans is Lewis-Sebring Professor in Latin American and Latino Culture at Amherst College. His books include The Hispanic Condition, On Borrowed Words, Spanglish, and Love and Language. He is the editor of The Oxford Book of Jewish Stories, The Poetry of Pablo Neruda, the three-volume set of Isaac Bashevis Singer: Collected Stories, and, to be released this October by the Library of America, Becoming Americans: Four Hundred Years of Immigrant Writing. His translations in this issue's mini-portfolio are part of a forthcoming anthology of twentieth-century Latin American poetry,which he edited for Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.
Nickolay Todorov was born in the violent and mystical Balkans. He lives in Los Angeles, where he is a witness to and beneficiary of wild Southern California realities. His short stories have been published in The Barcelona Review, The Pacific Review, Whiskey Island Magazine, Farmhouse Magazine, Istanbul Literary Review and others.
Lawrence Venuti's books include The Translator's Invisibility and the translation of Massimo Carlotto's crime novel, The Goodbye Kiss.His version of Ernest Farrés's Edward Hopper, in which these poems appear, won the 2008 Robert Fagles Translation Prize. It will be published by Graywolf Press.
Jerald Walker teaches at Bridgewater State College in Massachusetts. "Two Boys" is an excerpt from his memoir Street Shadows: A Memoir of Race, Rebellion, and Redemption, to be published by Random House in 2010. Other excerpts have appeared or will appear in The Best American Essays (2007 & 2009), The Best African American Essays 2009 and The Missouri Review.
Paul-Victor Winters is a writer and teacher living in Southern New Jersey. Recent poems and book reviews appear or are forthcoming in The Literary Review, The New York Quarterly, and Tattoo Highway.
Marion Wyce has received an AWP Intro Journals Award in fiction and had her work performed in the InterAct Theatre Company's stage series Writing Aloud.
© 2020 The Literary Review | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 1,833 | [
128000,
791,
74724,
10506,
198,
37,
2099,
819,
198,
20484,
965,
37991,
50,
31860,
54473,
198,
2127,
7327,
10139,
315,
48302,
24838,
198,
54084,
4936,
596,
7181,
198,
13778,
49,
54770,
198,
87115,
661,
1917,
55949,
9522,
37461,
13,
4103,
26292,
220,
2371,
6250,
220,
868,
11,
220,
1049,
24,
198,
6349,
3458,
1322,
5009,
198,
2520,
1455,
315,
603,
11,
279,
1566,
892,
584,
27000,
520,
904,
3160,
389,
279,
3917,
315,
40461,
51497,
574,
10732,
45707,
12239,
13,
1628,
520,
430,
4325,
304,
430,
2317,
11,
279,
16033,
5238,
1051,
10213,
66637,
14040,
25,
10768,
82,
631,
466,
274,
631,
466,
60,
4696,
15238,
1750,
21080,
0,
4696,
510,
82,
631,
466,
60,
70707,
380,
49910,
0,
1628,
510,
33980,
11745,
60,
39748,
35226,
2011,
4696
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
791,
74724,
10506,
198,
37,
2099,
819,
198,
20484,
965,
37991,
50,
31860,
54473,
198,
2127,
7327,
10139,
315,
48302,
24838,
198,
54084,
4936,
596,
7181,
198,
13778,
49,
54770,
198,
87115,
661,
1917,
55949,
9522,
37461,
13,
4103,
26292,
220,
2371,
6250,
220,
868,
11,
220,
1049,
24,
198,
6349,
3458,
1322,
5009,
198,
2520,
1455,
315,
603,
11,
279,
1566,
892,
584,
27000,
520,
904,
3160,
389,
279,
3917,
315,
40461,
51497,
574,
10732,
45707,
12239,
13,
1628,
520,
430,
4325,
304,
430,
2317,
11,
279,
16033,
5238,
1051,
10213,
66637,
14040,
25,
10768,
82,
631,
466,
274,
631,
466,
60,
4696,
15238,
1750,
21080,
0,
4696,
510,
82,
631,
466,
60,
70707,
380,
49910,
0,
1628,
510,
33980,
11745,
60,
39748,
35226,
2011,
4696,
-100
] |
Sunrise Premier Construction LLC has been the ultimate destination for all the customers who are looking for dynamic solutions of basement remodeling, bathroom remodeling and kitchen remodeling in Springfield VA. Our business is fully bonded, licensed and insured. Whether it is a matter of window installation or patios, we will be glad to assist you. Due to the utmost importance of remodeling, we always recommend professional assistance. Following are some of the benefits one can enjoy through state of the art basement refinishing, bathroom renovation and kitchen renovation in Springfield VA.
Do you want to add shining look to your interiors and exteriors with an aid of professional painting contractor in Springfield VA? Perfect. You have reached to an ideal location as Sunrise Premier Construction LLC specializes in all aspects of interior painting and exterior painting. Our painters offer the most advanced solutions from leading manufacturers.
Our roofers help customers to get state of the art services of roofing in Springfield VA. As an experienced roofing contractor, we offer wide range of services that include but not limited to roof installation and roof repair in Springfield VA. It is always a good idea to avail frequent inspection services in order to analyze the condition of roofs accurately. Any kind of delay in roof and siding installation can be devastating.
We are proud to offer high quality services of flooring at competitive pricing in Springfield VA. Vast experience and industrial knowledge enable our flooring contractor to gain an outstanding reputation in Springfield VA. They always prefer quality over quantity. Entire workforce is committed to retain every customer through world class floor installation in Springfield VA.
Deck offers us exciting ways of spending our time with loved ones. We can enjoy coffee, cards and luxurious views. You will be glad to know that we offer customized solutions of duck building or duck installation in Springfield VA. No job is too big or too small for us as we give equal attention to everyone. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 1,803 | [
128000,
31192,
32609,
20210,
24987,
15620,
706,
1027,
279,
17139,
9284,
369,
682,
279,
6444,
889,
527,
3411,
369,
8915,
10105,
315,
31741,
70430,
11,
15197,
70430,
323,
9979,
70430,
304,
53524,
21571,
13,
5751,
2626,
374,
7373,
70241,
11,
16383,
323,
53142,
13,
13440,
433,
374,
264,
5030,
315,
3321,
14028,
477,
3352,
3614,
11,
584,
690,
387,
16089,
311,
7945,
499,
13,
24586,
311,
279,
54711,
12939,
315,
70430,
11,
584,
2744,
7079,
6721,
13291,
13,
23548,
527,
1063,
315,
279,
7720,
832,
649,
4774,
1555,
1614,
315,
279,
1989,
31741,
60796,
11218,
11,
15197,
50555,
323,
9979,
50555,
304,
53524,
21571,
627,
5519,
499,
1390,
311,
923,
49025,
1427,
311,
701,
74564,
323,
55367,
22625,
449,
459,
12576,
315,
6721,
19354,
31072,
304,
53524,
21571
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
31192,
32609,
20210,
24987,
15620,
706,
1027,
279,
17139,
9284,
369,
682,
279,
6444,
889,
527,
3411,
369,
8915,
10105,
315,
31741,
70430,
11,
15197,
70430,
323,
9979,
70430,
304,
53524,
21571,
13,
5751,
2626,
374,
7373,
70241,
11,
16383,
323,
53142,
13,
13440,
433,
374,
264,
5030,
315,
3321,
14028,
477,
3352,
3614,
11,
584,
690,
387,
16089,
311,
7945,
499,
13,
24586,
311,
279,
54711,
12939,
315,
70430,
11,
584,
2744,
7079,
6721,
13291,
13,
23548,
527,
1063,
315,
279,
7720,
832,
649,
4774,
1555,
1614,
315,
279,
1989,
31741,
60796,
11218,
11,
15197,
50555,
323,
9979,
50555,
304,
53524,
21571,
627,
5519,
499,
1390,
311,
923,
49025,
1427,
311,
701,
74564,
323,
55367,
22625,
449,
459,
12576,
315,
6721,
19354,
31072,
304,
53524,
21571,
-100
] |
The John G. Neihardt State Historic Site, also known as the Neihardt Center, is located in Bancroft, Nebraska, United States and features museum exhibits about Nebraska Poet Laureate John Neihardt.
The one-room study that Neihardt used from 1911 through 1920 as the place where he wrote many of his works is preserved at the site. In 1970 the site was entered into the National Register of Historic Places, and is the only structure remaining from the original property. The room has been furnished as if used by Neihardt, and visitors may view it from the open door.
The site is operated by the Nebraska State Historical Society and the John G. Neihardt Foundation, and also features the Sacred Hoop Prayer Garden, designed by Neihardt, and a library with materials about Neihardt's life and legacy. Special events include an annual Neihardt Day celebration.
The study was built in the early 1890s by August Hartman as a small house for use by his daughter and husband. It came into ownership of the Canarsky family c.1900. John G. Neihardt purchased a house nearby, close to his mother's house. He rented the study from about 1911 to 1921 from the Canarsky family for use as his office and library. Neihard's house was later moved to a farm approximately east of Bancroft. In 1964 the study was purchased by the Bancroft Commercial Club from William Canarsky for $750, and it was restored in 1967 by the John G. Neihardt Foundation.
References
External links
- Nebraska State Historical Society
John G. Neihardt State Historic Site - John G. Neihardt Foundation
Neihardt
Neihardt, John G., State Historic Site
Neihardt, John
Museums in Cuming County, Nebraska
State parks of Nebraska
Houses in Cuming County, Nebraska
Native American museums in Nebraska
National Register of Historic Places in Cuming County, Nebraska
History Nebraska | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} | 7,262 | [
128000,
791,
3842,
480,
13,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
3314,
51887,
13207,
11,
1101,
3967,
439,
279,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
5955,
11,
374,
7559,
304,
84177,
299,
728,
11,
38379,
11,
3723,
4273,
323,
4519,
24925,
50829,
922,
38379,
14128,
295,
33767,
349,
3842,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
382,
791,
832,
48840,
4007,
430,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
1511,
505,
220,
7529,
16,
1555,
220,
5926,
15,
439,
279,
2035,
1405,
568,
6267,
1690,
315,
813,
4375,
374,
34683,
520,
279,
2816,
13,
220,
763,
220,
4468,
15,
279,
2816,
574,
10862,
1139,
279,
5165,
8618,
315,
51887,
45836,
11,
323,
374,
279,
1193,
6070,
9861,
505,
279,
4113,
3424,
13,
220,
578,
3130,
706,
1027,
24330,
439,
422,
1511,
555,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
11,
323
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
791,
3842,
480,
13,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
3314,
51887,
13207,
11,
1101,
3967,
439,
279,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
5955,
11,
374,
7559,
304,
84177,
299,
728,
11,
38379,
11,
3723,
4273,
323,
4519,
24925,
50829,
922,
38379,
14128,
295,
33767,
349,
3842,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
382,
791,
832,
48840,
4007,
430,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
1511,
505,
220,
7529,
16,
1555,
220,
5926,
15,
439,
279,
2035,
1405,
568,
6267,
1690,
315,
813,
4375,
374,
34683,
520,
279,
2816,
13,
220,
763,
220,
4468,
15,
279,
2816,
574,
10862,
1139,
279,
5165,
8618,
315,
51887,
45836,
11,
323,
374,
279,
1193,
6070,
9861,
505,
279,
4113,
3424,
13,
220,
578,
3130,
706,
1027,
24330,
439,
422,
1511,
555,
4275,
7141,
569,
83,
11,
323,
-100
] |
Q: When I upload a laravel8 project to Siteground it shows me "file_put_contents" ErrorException
file_put_contents(C:\xampp\htdocs\courier\storage\framework/sessions/leJduLVeo88o3zkrFtLUMniSIkCg9BWoX1EPrQmq): failed to open stream: No such file or directory
cached cleared I have already cleared all config cache as well
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} | 2,184 | [
128000,
48,
25,
3277,
358,
8298,
264,
45555,
3963,
23,
2447,
311,
13207,
1993,
433,
5039,
757,
330,
1213,
15927,
17096,
1,
4703,
1378,
198,
1213,
15927,
17096,
3100,
7338,
52892,
52343,
59,
67971,
1291,
59,
16568,
59,
3879,
2754,
8719,
14,
273,
41,
1072,
41358,
25634,
2421,
78,
18,
89,
10056,
37,
83,
43,
2864,
7907,
14137,
74,
34,
70,
24,
33,
63862,
55,
16,
36,
3617,
48,
28774,
1680,
4745,
311,
1825,
4365,
25,
2360,
1778,
1052,
477,
6352,
198,
34018,
23803,
358,
617,
2736,
23803,
682,
2242,
6636,
439,
1664,
198,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
48,
25,
3277,
358,
8298,
264,
45555,
3963,
23,
2447,
311,
13207,
1993,
433,
5039,
757,
330,
1213,
15927,
17096,
1,
4703,
1378,
198,
1213,
15927,
17096,
3100,
7338,
52892,
52343,
59,
67971,
1291,
59,
16568,
59,
3879,
2754,
8719,
14,
273,
41,
1072,
41358,
25634,
2421,
78,
18,
89,
10056,
37,
83,
43,
2864,
7907,
14137,
74,
34,
70,
24,
33,
63862,
55,
16,
36,
3617,
48,
28774,
1680,
4745,
311,
1825,
4365,
25,
2360,
1778,
1052,
477,
6352,
198,
34018,
23803,
358,
617,
2736,
23803,
682,
2242,
6636,
439,
1664,
198,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
My state does not tax services such as graphic design.
When we create a product to hand to or ship to a customer, yes, that's taxed, but simple service only like creating a logo, is not taxed.
How do I make certain products tax exempt? | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 1,737 | [
128000,
5159,
1614,
1587,
539,
3827,
3600,
1778,
439,
21154,
2955,
627,
4599,
584,
1893,
264,
2027,
311,
1450,
311,
477,
8448,
311,
264,
6130,
11,
10035,
11,
430,
596,
72515,
11,
719,
4382,
2532,
1193,
1093,
6968,
264,
12708,
11,
374,
539,
72515,
627,
4438,
656,
358,
1304,
3738,
3956,
3827,
39028,
30,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
5159,
1614,
1587,
539,
3827,
3600,
1778,
439,
21154,
2955,
627,
4599,
584,
1893,
264,
2027,
311,
1450,
311,
477,
8448,
311,
264,
6130,
11,
10035,
11,
430,
596,
72515,
11,
719,
4382,
2532,
1193,
1093,
6968,
264,
12708,
11,
374,
539,
72515,
627,
4438,
656,
358,
1304,
3738,
3956,
3827,
39028,
30,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
Doctors Claim their Concerns about Abortion Legislation in Ireland Not Taken Seriously
Date of incident: December 3, 2018
Category: Government Restrictions
Attack against: Faith / Morals
Area of case: Governmental / Political
Freedom of Conscience
Dozens of its members stormed out of the "Extraordinary General Meeting" of the Irish College of General Practitioners (ICGP) concerning the Irish abortion bill on December 2nd. The members protested that their concerns and objections were not taken seriously and the ICGP "refused to accept members' motions from the floor." The spokesperson for the group of approximately 80 doctors, Dr Andrew O'Regan, told the media: "We feel disrespected and not listened to by our own college board."
Some of those who walked out felt the new policy is being shaped without listening to the concerns of the medical community. Some also feared that they could be required by the new law to participate in abortions.
O'Regan added, "This is a division coming from being ignored time after time after time."
"Other GPs felt general practice was not the right setting and that there should be separate clinics," Dr Smyth said, member of the ICGP board.
Fiona McHugh of Nurses and Midwives 4 Life said that Minister of Heath Simon Harris had not listened to the concerns of pro-life medical professionals. "We've had no meetings with Minister Harris at all." She added, "We're completely and utterly in the dark."
Harris is pro-abortion and introduced the new abortion legislation to Ireland's parliament. In July 2018, he confirmed that the new abortion law in Ireland would force Catholic hospitals to provide abortions, stating in a tweet, "Conscientious objection is for individuals, not institutions."
Sources: Irish Examiner, Independent IE, Church Militant | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 5,763 | [
128000,
96269,
38602,
872,
52347,
82,
922,
3765,
26973,
73067,
304,
14990,
2876,
57074,
57606,
198,
1956,
315,
10672,
25,
6790,
220,
18,
11,
220,
679,
23,
198,
6888,
25,
10423,
93075,
198,
29702,
2403,
25,
34053,
611,
8613,
1147,
198,
8900,
315,
1162,
25,
10423,
278,
611,
31597,
198,
86872,
315,
1221,
40657,
198,
5519,
19059,
315,
1202,
3697,
86087,
704,
315,
279,
330,
11873,
21707,
3331,
30155,
1,
315,
279,
18088,
9304,
315,
3331,
18373,
684,
388,
320,
1341,
25434,
8,
18815,
279,
18088,
20710,
4121,
389,
6790,
220,
17,
303,
13,
578,
3697,
70505,
430,
872,
10742,
323,
54111,
1051,
539,
4529,
14243,
323,
279,
358,
8974,
47,
330,
1116,
2656,
311,
4287,
3697,
6,
54245,
505,
279,
6558,
1210,
578,
29003,
369,
279,
1912
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
96269,
38602,
872,
52347,
82,
922,
3765,
26973,
73067,
304,
14990,
2876,
57074,
57606,
198,
1956,
315,
10672,
25,
6790,
220,
18,
11,
220,
679,
23,
198,
6888,
25,
10423,
93075,
198,
29702,
2403,
25,
34053,
611,
8613,
1147,
198,
8900,
315,
1162,
25,
10423,
278,
611,
31597,
198,
86872,
315,
1221,
40657,
198,
5519,
19059,
315,
1202,
3697,
86087,
704,
315,
279,
330,
11873,
21707,
3331,
30155,
1,
315,
279,
18088,
9304,
315,
3331,
18373,
684,
388,
320,
1341,
25434,
8,
18815,
279,
18088,
20710,
4121,
389,
6790,
220,
17,
303,
13,
578,
3697,
70505,
430,
872,
10742,
323,
54111,
1051,
539,
4529,
14243,
323,
279,
358,
8974,
47,
330,
1116,
2656,
311,
4287,
3697,
6,
54245,
505,
279,
6558,
1210,
578,
29003,
369,
279,
1912,
-100
] |
A real estate purchase contract must be in writing and signed by all of the proper parties in order to be enforceable. It must contain all of the essential elements of a contract and should reflect all of the agreements between the parties. Any oral agreements that are not reflected in the written contract may not be enforceable.
It is important to realize that, when you sign a purchase contract, you become obligated not only to buy the subject property but also to do it exactly in accordance with the specific terms of that contract. Very minor, almost unnoticeable changes in the wording of the contract can have tremendous consequences in shifting costs and risks between buyer and seller. If you do not understand every word in that contract but you sign it anyway, you are making a Big Mistake.
If you realize that you do not understand everything in the contract, whom should you go to for help? Well, think for a minute about where the contract comes from and why it is written the way it is.
The "standard form" printed contracts that are used by most real estate offices are drafted primarily to protect the interests of the sellers and their real estate agents. This is a fundamentally important fact that manifests itself in every important section of the typical form contract. In addition, the real estate agent is not an attorney and, therefore, is not qualified to give legal advice on the legal meaning or consequence of contract terminology. Further, the agent normally represents the seller and not you and, finally, if you do not sign that contract exactly as it is presented to you by the real estate agent, he or she may not be able to make the sale and may, therefore, lose the commission on the transaction.
Now, in light of all of these realities, why in the world would a buyer ever rely upon the real estate agent to interpret, advise upon or, even worse, to negotiate the terms of his or her purchase contract?
If you are not able to consult with an attorney before signing a purchase contract, at least put a provision in the contract that makes it contingent upon review and approval by your attorney. Include a reasonable time limit. If the real estate agent advises against that or if the seller will not agree to it, then do not sign the contract. No real estate agent or seller who is operating in good faith would refuse to accept such a contract provision.
Big Mistake #8: Failing to Get All the Necessary Papers Signed by All the Necessary Sellers.
In order to have an enforceable sale, all of the terms of the contract must be accepted in writing by all of the parties who have an interest in the property (excluding the lender whose loan will be paid off at settlement). Although it is primarily the real estate agent's responsibility to determine who are all of the appropriate parties who must sign the listing agreement and the sales contract, the prudent purchaser will make some independent inquiry to determine whether or not there is more than one seller who has an interest in the property.
For example, when someone is separated, but not legally divorced, both spouses will normally have an interest in the real estate owned by either one of them, unless the spouses have entered into legally binding agreements transferring those interests from one spouse to the other. It may not matter whether both spouses were ever on the deed, itself, and there may be nothing in the land records to reflect the marital status of the seller.
Dealing with sellers who are aged or infirm may also present special problems if the seller dies or becomes incapacitated prior to settlement. Properly completing the transfer of title from a dead or incapacitated person can be very difficult, time consuming and expensive.
Although residential real estate is usually owned by individuals and not partnerships or companies, where those types of entities are involved in a sale, it is essential to confirm the authority of the person who signs the sales contract on behalf of the seller entity.
Depending upon how the title paragraph of the purchase agreement is drafted, a buyer may be locked into a difficult situation for several months where questions are raised about the power and/or authority of the seller to convey good title (see Big Mistake #14).
Big Mistake #9: Failing to Describe Adequately in the Contract Which Items of Property Are to Be Conveyed with the Home.
References in the contract to the "property" or to "the purchase property" are intended to encompass all of the property to be conveyed as part of the sale of the home. It is important for both the purchaser and the seller to understand what is and what is not normally included within those terms.
A little legal background is needed to understand the problem. With respect to the sale of a home, there are three types of property that may be conveyed as part of the sale: real property, personal property and "fixtures." Let's look at each of these categories individually.
"Real property" includes the land, the house, the garage and all the elements which are permanent parts of the structure.
"Personal property" includes things like chairs, tables, beds, t.v. sets and similar items which are obviously not permanent parts of the structure and which are not normally made part of the sale unless specifically mentioned in the contract.
In summary, then, real property is normally included in the sale and personal property is not. Problems most frequently occur with respect to the third category of property ("fixtures"), because they have some of the characteristics of both real and personal property. Fixtures are things like plantings (flowers, bushes, shrubs, etc.), built-in shelves and bookcases, wall-to-wall carpet, window air conditioners that are "built-in," chandeliers and other types of light fixtures and, in general, anything that is attached to the real estate by a plug, screw, nail, adhesive or the like.
Do "fixtures" convey with the real estate? In general, the answer depends upon how "permanently" attached the item is to the real estate and how much damage, if any, would be caused to the real estate by the removal of the "fixture." The more permanently affixed and the more damage caused by its removal, the more likely it would be that ownership of the item would be transferred by the contract for the sale of the home.
In all cases, however, the best policy is not to rely upon a probable court interpretation of what would or would not convey with the house. With respect to any item as to which there might be any question whatsoever, specify in the contract whether it does or does not convey.
Many checklists of potential problem items are available. In fact, many contract forms actually include a checklist within the contract itself, usually on the front page.
Big Mistake #10: Failing to Include an Adequate Description of the Real Estate in the Contract.
Nowadays, it is fairly unusual to find a contract description of the home, itself, which is so deficient that it is not possible to tell which home is being sold. On occasion, however, mistakes still do happen, particularly with respect to inconsistencies between the street address and the legal description and with respect to conveyances of parking spaces which are sold with a home. If a parking space or other similar right or interest is supposed to convey with the sale, be sure to describe it accurately and with specificity in both the contract and the deed.
If you are not a professional home inspector, hire one. Make the contract contingent upon receipt of a satisfactory report. Whether new or used, any home may have a wide variety of physical problems that go way beyond obviously faulty construction.
Do not overlook potential problems like radon, fire retardant treated (FRT) plywood (which may decompose prematurely), asbestos and lead based paint. You might want to ask your inspector(s) to test for these conditions.
In addition to making the contract contingent upon receipt of satisfactory reports from various types of home inspectors, a smart purchaser can make modifications to the standard contract form that will provide additional protections concerning the condition of the home. For example, require the seller to warrant and represent, in the contract, that the roof and basement are free of water leaks and that all of the equipment and systems in the home (plumbing, heating, air conditioning, etc.) are in proper operating condition.
Also, every competently drafted real estate purchase contract includes a termite inspection clause. Make sure that it requires the seller to treat and repair both present infestation and prior damage if any is found. Also, make sure it covers additional structures, like garages, and not just the house itself.
Before leaving the subject of the physical condition of the home, it might be worthwhile to make an observation or two about professional home warranty programs. There are several companies that offer various types of home warranties. No two of these are exactly the same in terms of either the cost or scope of coverage. From my experience, few of these programs are worth what they cost because, typically, whenever a claim arises, the company issuing the warranty attempts, in every conceivable way, to avoid any liability under the warranty.
Since home warranties are nothing more than a particular type of insurance contract, you should examine carefully what is (and what is not) covered by the warranty and check out the reputation of the company offering it. Most importantly, try to find out whether or not the company ever pays any claims.
There is a wide variety of land use regulations that may affect the home you are thinking about buying. These regulations include, but are not limited to, public regulations (like zoning laws) as well as private regulations (like easements, covenants and restrictions) which may control the ways in which you are permitted to use your property. Obviously, these same types of laws and regulations may also affect surrounding land uses.
Real estate agents in your state may or may not be obligated to tell you information which they know or should know concerning land use regulations which affect the property you are thinking about buying. Different states have different rules concerning the agent's responsibility to obtain and/or disclose such information.
Suppose a firehouse is planned for the vacant lot next door? Or a highway is planned to take the place of the woods behind the house? Or there is an easement across the back half of the lot for a bike path or a tot lot for the rest of the subdivision? Would a judge or jury consider this information to be important? What would be the extent of the agent's responsibility to the purchaser to know and to disclose such information? Maybe none.
It is noteworthy that these types of problems are prevalent enough that many of the contract forms used by real estate agents specifically disclaim any responsibility on the part of the real estate agent for advising the purchaser concerning such matters.
If the seller and the real estate agent(s) are not willing to represent to the buyer that they have disclosed all of the land use regulations affecting the property, the careful purchaser will make the contract contingent for a reasonable period of time sufficient to allow her to make her own independent investigation. There is no other way to protect against unknown and undesirable land use regulations. And, believe me, there are some out there.
The breach or violation of any provision in the contract may be considered a default. There are usually specific provisions in the contract which define certain events of default and the consequences that follow. Default provisions in the typical residential real estate sales contract are almost always heavily weighted in favor of the seller. For example, they usually provide for payment of attorney's fees and costs to the seller if the seller prevails in an action against a defaulting buyer but rarely do they provide equal protection for the purchaser who successfully sues a defaulting seller.
Many form contracts allow the seller to forfeit the purchaser's deposit in situations where settlement does not occur through no fault of the buyer but simply because unexpected events occur after the execution of the contract. For example, one contract form widely in use provides that the purchaser will be in default if the purchaser "fails to comply with the lender's requirements in a timely manner" or "does not have the funds to settle as provided in this contract at the time of settlement". This contract form says nothing about the reasonableness of the lender's requirements nor the reason for the purchaser's failure to comply with them nor the reason why the purchaser does not have the funds to settle. Suppose that the purchaser loses his job or is transferred to another city or that he or his family is struck by unexpected illness or some other type of family emergency. In all of these cases, a strict interpretation of the default provisions of the contract would allow the seller and the agent to take the purchaser's deposit or sue the purchaser for additional damages for the purchaser's failure to complete the contract.
No real estate agent is going to warn the purchaser of the dangers inherent in such provisions. Indeed, it would probably be a violation of the agent's duty to the seller to do so. These provisions shift the risk of loss from the seller to the buyer and it would probably violate the agent's duty to the seller for the agent to assist the buyer in shifting that burden back onto the seller.
Good Faith Deposit. Any time you give money to anyone, you should know where the money is going. As a general proposition, when you put down a deposit on a contract to buy a home, your money is more likely to be safe in the hands of a licensed real estate agent than if you turn the money over to a seller (or worse, a builder/seller. See Big Mistake #19).
Try to negotiate an arrangement whereby the agent simply clips your check to the contract and does not deposit it. If it is understood that your check will be deposited, put a provision in the contract entitling you to interest on the deposit until settlement. This is especially important where the deposit amount is large and/or there is likely to be a substantial passage of time between the making of the deposit and settlement on the sale.
Make sure the contract includes a provision for the return of your deposit, plus any accrued interest, if the purchase fails to go through (and you are not in default under the contract, of course).
Contingencies. Whenever contingencies are added to a contract, it greatly increases the possibility of the contract being unenforceable due to the defective manner in which the contingency provision is probably drafted.
There are as many possible contingencies as the creative minds of buyers, sellers and agents can devise. Even where the contingencies are of a type that occur frequently (such as the contingency on the sale of an existing home by a purchaser or the contingency for a professional home inspection), it presents a challenge to the parties, their agents, and their attorneys to draft the contingency in clear and unequivocal terms. For example, take the commonplace contingency for the sale of the purchaser's existing home. The language used frequently fails to distinguish between the purchaser obtaining a contract for the sale of his existing home versus the settlement on that sale. In other words, who bears the risk if the purchaser obtains a contract on the sale of his existing home but that contract later falls through? To protect herself in such a situation, the wise purchaser needs to make sure that the contingency in the contract for the new home makes it clear that the contingency is satisfied only by settlement on the sale of the purchaser's existing home. Drafting unambiguous contingency provisions for less common situations provides even greater drafting challenges.
With any contingency, it is essential to draft carefully and precisely (1) the event(s) and timing upon which the contingency is based; (2) the event(s) which will satisfy the contingency or cause it to fail; (3) the manner in which notice is to be given of the satisfaction or failure of the contingency; and (4) the consequences of the satisfaction or failure of the contingency.
Drafting an unambiguous (and enforceable) contingency provision for a contract is one of the most difficult tasks that a draftsman is called upon to perform. Whenever a contingency is involved in a purchase contract, the purchaser would be well advised to have it drafted – or at least reviewed – by a knowledgeable real estate attorney who has had experience in drafting contingency provisions that can be relied upon and enforced.
Before leaving the subject of contingencies, do not forget the most important one: if you are unable to have an attorney review the contract before you sign it, put a provision in the contract making it contingent upon later review and approval by your attorney. If the seller asks for it, put a reasonable time limit on that contingency. Two or three business days is normally enough, but get five, if you can, just to be safe. Then, of course, get the contract to your attorney right away.
Integration and Merger Clauses. Most contract forms will include integration and merger clauses. An integration clause says, basically, that the written contract contains the final and entire agreement of the parties and that the parties are not bound by anything not stated in the contract. What this means to the buyer is that, if you want to rely on something said to you by the agent or the seller, make sure that it is expressed in the written contract.
Merger clauses state that the terms of the contract do not survive the delivery of the deed, but that they are merged into the deed. What this means is that, once the deed has been executed and delivered at settlement, the provisions of the contract cease to exist. This is a very dangerous proposition for the purchaser since there may be many provisions of the contract which the purchaser would like to be able to rely upon even after settlement has occurred. For the purchaser's protection, every contract should state that the provisions of the contract survive delivery of the deed and are not merged into it.
Time Limits. For both legal and psychological purposes, it is usually a good idea to put a time limit into any offer you submit. Psychologically it puts a little pressure on the seller to consider and decide on your offer promptly. Also, however, it prevents the seller from having too much time to "shop" your contract with other potential buyers who may be interested in the property. It also helps to prevent you from getting caught by a belated acceptance of your contract at a time when you may have moved on to other properties or other circumstances have changed which might cause you to wish that you had canceled your offer before the seller accepted it. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 6,883 | [
128000,
32,
1972,
12675,
7782,
5226,
2011,
387,
304,
4477,
323,
8667,
555,
682,
315,
279,
6300,
9875,
304,
2015,
311,
387,
29262,
481,
13,
1102,
2011,
6782,
682,
315,
279,
7718,
5540,
315,
264,
5226,
323,
1288,
8881,
682,
315,
279,
20038,
1990,
279,
9875,
13,
5884,
21308,
20038,
430,
527,
539,
27000,
304,
279,
5439,
5226,
1253,
539,
387,
29262,
481,
627,
2181,
374,
3062,
311,
13383,
430,
11,
994,
499,
1879,
264,
7782,
5226,
11,
499,
3719,
67976,
539,
1193,
311,
3780,
279,
3917,
3424,
719,
1101,
311,
656,
433,
7041,
304,
18859,
449,
279,
3230,
3878,
315,
430,
5226,
13,
15668,
9099,
11,
4661,
653,
24467,
481,
4442,
304,
279,
61327,
315,
279,
5226,
649,
617,
28040,
16296,
304,
32931,
7194,
323,
15635,
1990
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
32,
1972,
12675,
7782,
5226,
2011,
387,
304,
4477,
323,
8667,
555,
682,
315,
279,
6300,
9875,
304,
2015,
311,
387,
29262,
481,
13,
1102,
2011,
6782,
682,
315,
279,
7718,
5540,
315,
264,
5226,
323,
1288,
8881,
682,
315,
279,
20038,
1990,
279,
9875,
13,
5884,
21308,
20038,
430,
527,
539,
27000,
304,
279,
5439,
5226,
1253,
539,
387,
29262,
481,
627,
2181,
374,
3062,
311,
13383,
430,
11,
994,
499,
1879,
264,
7782,
5226,
11,
499,
3719,
67976,
539,
1193,
311,
3780,
279,
3917,
3424,
719,
1101,
311,
656,
433,
7041,
304,
18859,
449,
279,
3230,
3878,
315,
430,
5226,
13,
15668,
9099,
11,
4661,
653,
24467,
481,
4442,
304,
279,
61327,
315,
279,
5226,
649,
617,
28040,
16296,
304,
32931,
7194,
323,
15635,
1990,
-100
] |
Civilization VI, Game concepts (Civ6)
Sight (Civ6)
Sight is an attribute of all units in Civilization VI and its expansions that allows them to observe activity in nearby tiles.
1 Mechanics
1.1 Line of sight
1.2 Vantage points
1.3 Sight range
2 Sight bonuses
Mechanics[edit | edit source]
The sight range (or sight radius) of a unit means that it can keep a number of tiles around its current location under "observation." This is achieved by lifting the fog of war from the tiles which are being "observed." Thus, all activity in these tiles will be visible to the unit's owner (and sometimes its allies).
Line of sight[edit | edit source]
Line of sight rules in action. The Kongolese Catapult and Crossbowman closest to the Egyptian city have line of sight to it and can attack it, but the selected Catapult cannot because the Hill with Woods blocks its line of sight.
Note that sight can be obstructed by elevated terrain and certain features, namely Hills, Woods, Rainforests, and Mountains. The presence of these features within the unit's sight radius will create obstacles, which will affect visibility of certain tiles; when related to the current position of the unit we say that it has (or doesn't have) "line of sight" to these tiles. Visibility follows these rules:
A unit always sees tiles immediately adjacent to the tile it occupies; it follows that line-of-sight rules only apply to the tiles 2 or further removed from its current position.
An obstacle will hide the tile behind it which forms a direct line from the unit's position.
An obstacle will also hide tiles found to the left and right (or up and down) of the direct-line tile (as per the hexagonal tile system); note that this is often overlooked as one or both of these tiles may still be revealed from being unobstructed on the other vectors of the unit's sight!
Sight is also affected by elevation. In other words, some features are taller than others, and may become visible under the following circumstances:
Hills form a "second level" as far as visibility is concerned. Mountains, as well as Woods and Rainforests found on top of Hills, form a "third level."
Features only block visibility on tiles if these are on the same level as the blocking feature. If they are one level above it, they become visible. For example, let us assume the unit is on flat terrain, and there is a Hill blocking its sight. If the tile directly behind the Hill is another Hill, it will be hidden (being on the same, second level); if, however, it is a Hill with Woods on it, or a Mountain, it will be visible (being on the third level).
City Centers, Encampments, and most units with ranged attacks must have line-of-sight to a target in order to attack it. Late-game units such as Artillery and Battleships, however, can lob their shots, allowing them to attack any target within range as long as the tile is visible in any other way.
Vantage points[edit | edit source]
Units may overcome most line-of-sight obstacles if they stand on a vantage point - a tall feature which will allow the unit to see above obstacles.
A unit situated on a Hill gains a vantage point and will be able to see over all terrain, unless blocked by a third level feature, such as Mountains or Hills with Woods or Rainforests on them.
A tile with a feature which is one visibility level above the tile immediately in front of it will become visible to a unit, even if it is 1 tile outside its usual sight range. For example, a unit with a sight range of 2 may still see a Hill or a Mountain three tiles away. A Mountain three tiles away will still be visible even if there is a Hill between it and the unit; however, if there is Woods or Rainforest on the hill, the Mountain behind won't be visible (because it is on the same level).
City Centers and Encampments will provide a vantage point to ranged units in their tile, even though their own ranged attack won't have vantage!
Sight range[edit | edit source]
Most land and naval units have a sight range of 2, meaning that they can "see" up to 2 tiles away from their current position. Settlers and certain naval units are an exception and have a sight range of 3 - this helps them better explore the world. Use the Settler's sight range to choose better spots for settling; use the other units' extended sight to better execute reconnaissance missions and reveal more terrain with less movement.
Sight bonuses[edit | edit source]
There are a few ways to increase the sight radii of units:
Spyglass, a Tier III Promotion for recon units, increases a unit's sight radius by 1.
Rutter, a Tier II promotion for naval melee units, increases a unit's sight radius by 1.
Observation, a Tier III promotion for naval raider units, increases a unit's sight radius by 1.
Scout Planes, a Tier I promotion for naval carrier units, increases a unit's sight radius by 1.
Also, the Sentry promotion for recon units allows them to ignore Woods and Rainforests in their line of sight, greatly increasing visibility in most circumstances.
Retrieved from "https://civilization.fandom.com/wiki/Sight_(Civ6)?oldid=247921" | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 8,532 | [
128000,
68926,
2065,
30768,
11,
4140,
19476,
320,
34,
344,
21,
340,
50,
492,
320,
34,
344,
21,
340,
50,
492,
374,
459,
7180,
315,
682,
8316,
304,
91778,
30768,
323,
1202,
78588,
430,
6276,
1124,
311,
23846,
5820,
304,
14373,
21130,
627,
16,
77923,
198,
16,
13,
16,
7228,
315,
14254,
198,
16,
13,
17,
650,
25843,
3585,
198,
16,
13,
18,
66437,
2134,
198,
17,
66437,
33321,
198,
58167,
276,
1233,
58,
3671,
765,
4600,
2592,
933,
791,
14254,
2134,
320,
269,
14254,
10801,
8,
315,
264,
5089,
3445,
430,
433,
649,
2567,
264,
1396,
315,
21130,
2212,
1202,
1510,
3813,
1234,
330,
79060,
1210,
1115,
374,
17427,
555,
33510,
279,
31349,
315,
4208,
505,
279,
21130,
902,
527,
1694,
330,
5598,
2841,
1210,
14636,
11
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
68926,
2065,
30768,
11,
4140,
19476,
320,
34,
344,
21,
340,
50,
492,
320,
34,
344,
21,
340,
50,
492,
374,
459,
7180,
315,
682,
8316,
304,
91778,
30768,
323,
1202,
78588,
430,
6276,
1124,
311,
23846,
5820,
304,
14373,
21130,
627,
16,
77923,
198,
16,
13,
16,
7228,
315,
14254,
198,
16,
13,
17,
650,
25843,
3585,
198,
16,
13,
18,
66437,
2134,
198,
17,
66437,
33321,
198,
58167,
276,
1233,
58,
3671,
765,
4600,
2592,
933,
791,
14254,
2134,
320,
269,
14254,
10801,
8,
315,
264,
5089,
3445,
430,
433,
649,
2567,
264,
1396,
315,
21130,
2212,
1202,
1510,
3813,
1234,
330,
79060,
1210,
1115,
374,
17427,
555,
33510,
279,
31349,
315,
4208,
505,
279,
21130,
902,
527,
1694,
330,
5598,
2841,
1210,
14636,
11,
-100
] |
Navajo master weavers Barbara Teller Ornelas and Lynda Teller Pete talk shop
byLee Allen
'From the time weaving began until today, it tells the history of our people, so that tradition should be learned and maintained in order to ensure it will be here forever.'
A lot of very talented weavers have come out of the Navajo Nation, including a pair of master weaver siblings and fifth-generation sisters from Two Grey Hills — Barbara Teller Ornelas and Lynda Teller Pete.
Following in the footsteps of their mother Ruth, whose rugs were so prized that collectors often purchased them right off the loom, the girls — Tabaaha (Water Edge Clan) and born for the To'aheedliini (Two Waters Flow Together Clan) — picked up the legacy through observation and training that has been going on in the family with grandmothers, mothers, sisters, aunts, and cousins producing award-winning rugs.
Because of their water-connected backgrounds, Lynda jokes that, "Some people don't refer to us as weavers, but mermaids."
As children, their maternal grandmother, Susie Tom, and parental grandmother, Nellie Peshlakai Teller, made sure their offspring learned the art and intricacies of weaving, the basics like respecting the loom, preparing the wool via shearing, carding, and spinning, and paying attention to design elements.
The duo is known today for their traditional Two Grey Hills patterns identified by a double-diamond layout, intricate geometric design that uses natural-colored, hard-carded, and hand-spun wool with a high weft count.
With similar lives and similar stories, the sisters have spent the last two years combining their historical remembrances into a book — Spider Women's Children: Navajo Weavers Today (Thrums Books 2018) — a collection of 20 profiles of Navajo weavers from ages 16 to 88, intimate views that explore the cultural traditions, authentic voices, in-depth perspectives, and treasured kinships of those who weave beauty and tradition.
Spider Woman's Children: Navajo Weavers Today, by Barbara Teller Ornelas and Lynda Teller Pete
From an early age, the sisters had instilled in them that beauty and harmony should be woven into every rug. As the youngest weaver in the family, Lynda was raised in an atmosphere of creativity that viewed weaving as a way of life and lessons on how to weave were mandatory. Although probably not necessary in her case as she won her first weaving award at age 12. By the time she was attending college at Arizona State University, she was selling her hand-made creations to pay for books and tuition.
Now, teachers of Navajo weaving, the siblings share their families rich heritage through stories of generations of weavers and the individual stories that are told by each tapestry imbued with hope, tears, dreams, and laughter.
"Weaving keeps my family together, it's our lifeline," says Barbara, who notes: "Two Grey Hills is the trading post where my father (Sam) worked and I literally grew up at the store." Although her accomplishments are many and renowned, the tone of her biography is modest, as in her humble beginning — "Barbara's premature entry into the world took place in the shadow of a tree on a family outing to gather pinion nuts."
Approaching five decades of producing product, the spirit still moves her, aided occasionally by a financial windfall. One of her favorite stories involves what she calls 'The Big Rug,' a frequent Best of Show winner that took her four years to weave to her satisfaction.
Displayed at a show, a collector from Houston admired the 5-foot-wide and nearly 9-foot-long masterpiece and decided that price was no object, handing over a check for $60,000 in 1987 dollars (which would be about $183,000 in today's dollars.) And while excited by the sale to the point of near cardiac failure, she did calculate that the 2,321 hours invested in the project resulted in a bottom-line-net of $8.83 an hour starting with sheep shearing to the actual sale.
Conversely, during a leaner time, she traded one weaving with her orthodontist for braces for her son's teeth.
Now living and weaving in Tucson, she sings sacred songs at her workshop loom, a space filled with trinkets, mostly sheep figurines that honor her traditional Navajo background. Interestingly, her paternal grandmother predicted years ago —'You are going to travel the world and tell the Navajo weaver's story.' The traveling, upwards of 300 days a year, is slowing down now, but she remains a traditionalist, satisfied she has fulfilled her grandmother's dreams for her as well as passing along the art by teaching her own children, Sierra and Michael, how to weave according to Ho'zho, the Navajo concept of balance and beauty.
"From the time weaving began until today, it tells the history of our people, so that tradition should be learned and maintained in order to ensure it will be here forever. When you weave, always make it your best effort, never cut corners. Each creation is the latest iteration of an ancient art form and you can't rest on past laurels because you're only as good as the last rug you made."
6-year-old kindergarten graduate Pituaq Okalik says her inspired 'tattoos' make her feel Inuk!
Molly comes home: Animated television show on PBS Kids has strong Alaska Native roots
EditorVera Starbard
Meet 10 Indigenous women who are making the world a better place
Brandi Morin
The fate of Renee: A tragic story of a 'Stolen Sister' in my own family
C.A. Printup
Wayne Mackanear Brown, Principal Chief of the Meherrin Nation, dies at age 70
StrongHearts Native Helpline encourages awareness related to Teen Dating Violence
EditorICT editorial team
Suzan Shown Harjo: The grace of water and the focus of rock
Patsy Phillips
Native American Health Center in California Bay Area hosts 'Culture is Prevention Summit'
Nanette Deetz
What's Memorial Day for? The warriors, not the countries. A Nooksack Vietnam war vet's story
EditorFrank Hopper | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 1,247 | [
128000,
10304,
19256,
7491,
584,
22292,
32207,
350,
7218,
2582,
8301,
300,
323,
16333,
28996,
350,
7218,
37373,
3137,
8221,
198,
1729,
55088,
20661,
198,
6,
3915,
279,
892,
84709,
6137,
3156,
3432,
11,
433,
10975,
279,
3925,
315,
1057,
1274,
11,
779,
430,
14135,
1288,
387,
9687,
323,
18908,
304,
2015,
311,
6106,
433,
690,
387,
1618,
16058,
24314,
32,
2763,
315,
1633,
23944,
584,
22292,
617,
2586,
704,
315,
279,
12233,
19256,
17671,
11,
2737,
264,
6857,
315,
7491,
584,
7403,
37783,
323,
18172,
43927,
30393,
505,
9220,
26769,
25964,
2001,
32207,
350,
7218,
2582,
8301,
300,
323,
16333,
28996,
350,
7218,
37373,
627,
28055,
304,
279,
60802,
315,
872,
6691,
42893,
11,
6832,
73671,
1051,
779,
87630,
430,
52548,
3629,
15075,
1124,
1314,
1022,
279
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
10304,
19256,
7491,
584,
22292,
32207,
350,
7218,
2582,
8301,
300,
323,
16333,
28996,
350,
7218,
37373,
3137,
8221,
198,
1729,
55088,
20661,
198,
6,
3915,
279,
892,
84709,
6137,
3156,
3432,
11,
433,
10975,
279,
3925,
315,
1057,
1274,
11,
779,
430,
14135,
1288,
387,
9687,
323,
18908,
304,
2015,
311,
6106,
433,
690,
387,
1618,
16058,
24314,
32,
2763,
315,
1633,
23944,
584,
22292,
617,
2586,
704,
315,
279,
12233,
19256,
17671,
11,
2737,
264,
6857,
315,
7491,
584,
7403,
37783,
323,
18172,
43927,
30393,
505,
9220,
26769,
25964,
2001,
32207,
350,
7218,
2582,
8301,
300,
323,
16333,
28996,
350,
7218,
37373,
627,
28055,
304,
279,
60802,
315,
872,
6691,
42893,
11,
6832,
73671,
1051,
779,
87630,
430,
52548,
3629,
15075,
1124,
1314,
1022,
279,
-100
] |
Welcome to our Razor Trikke E2 parts section. We stock a wide variety of OEM Razor Trikke E2 Parts. We have the Razor Trikke E2 Battery, Razor Trikke E2 Charger, Razor Trikke E2 controller. Trikke E2 Throttle, Razor Trikke E2 Wheel, & Razor Trikke E2 Electric Kits for all versions of the Razor Trikke E2. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 2,232 | [
128000,
14262,
311,
1057,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
5596,
3857,
13,
1226,
5708,
264,
7029,
8205,
315,
41862,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
27399,
13,
1226,
617,
279,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
34712,
11,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
73508,
11,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
6597,
13,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
666,
28635,
11,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
33442,
11,
612,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
21246,
62993,
369,
682,
11028,
315,
279,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
14262,
311,
1057,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
5596,
3857,
13,
1226,
5708,
264,
7029,
8205,
315,
41862,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
27399,
13,
1226,
617,
279,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
34712,
11,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
73508,
11,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
6597,
13,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
666,
28635,
11,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
33442,
11,
612,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
21246,
62993,
369,
682,
11028,
315,
279,
74968,
12639,
91861,
469,
17,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
Are You Using Everything You Have to Save Money?
Pretty much everyone is always looking to for easy ways to save money and I'm no exception. The minimal effort part is the key, because I'm really not interested in doing any sort of extreme couponing. I don't have the time nor do I have the space to store stuff which a lot of extreme couponing as far as I can tell involves buying in bulk and storing stuff which is just not feasible for me.
So I thought I'd go over some often overlooked ways to save money that require very little effort.
About two weeks after I moved to North Carolina I drove 2 1/2 hours to Charlotte to go to IKEA for some furniture, knowing I would need to stop for gas on my way back. I left my wallet at a second furniture store. Luckily, about 15 minutes after I left the store, I got a call from the store letting me know I'd left my wallet there. Had they not called I would've run out of gas on the way home and then been totally stranded because I knew no one in North Carolina at that point. I decided then and there to get a AAA membership.
There are a lot of places that offer discounts to AAA members. Sometimes it just takes asking if they offer discounts to AAA members. It's one simple question and can save you some money.
If you are a student or still have your student ID (and it's not dated), you could get some sweet sweet discounts. I'm a little bit past at my age of being able to pull off using my old student ID but a student discount can mean cheaper movies, free access to museums, and a lot of other things as well. Most places will mention a student discount either on their website or posted somewhere, but it doesn't hurt to ask. Again one simple question can save you tons of money.
It's possible that where you live could provide some discounts as well. For example, I live not far from in arena where a professional sports team plays. Turns out that every once in awhile we get a discount on tickets to those games just by living in the apartment complex. You just have to pay attention to the emails from the apartment complex or from your work. Companies will usually email about the details on how you can get a discount. Simply paying attention could allow you to do something fun and save money at the same time.
A lot of credit cards offer benefits besides just points or cashback. There may also be free access to museums or your cell phone company may offer buy one get one movie ticket free on Tuesdays. Look at the subscriptions and the credit cards that you have and find out what other benefits they offer. A lot of times they will have a discount of some sort to help you save money.
OK if you have Amazon Prime and you're not doing free shipping for every single order there's something seriously wrong.
But Amazon prime doesn't just offer free shipping, you can also stream tons of TV and movies for free.So don't go spending money on a subscription to Netflix or Hulu when you can do that as part of the money you're already paying as an Amazon Prime member. The same goes for listening to music, you don't need a Spotify premium membership there is commercial free music available to listen to you via Amazon Prime and it doesn't cost extra.
As you can see there's tons of ways you can save yourself a lot of money without having to put in a lot of effort. Whether it's using the AAA discount, taking advantage of your student status, getting all you can out of Amazon Prime, or just being more informed about the benefits that your credit cards and subscriptions offer you. Saving money doesn't have to take up a lot of time or require a lot of effort on your part. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 6,410 | [
128000,
11787,
1472,
12362,
20696,
1472,
12522,
311,
10467,
18099,
5380,
53040,
1790,
5127,
374,
2744,
3411,
311,
369,
4228,
5627,
311,
3665,
3300,
323,
358,
2846,
912,
4788,
13,
578,
17832,
5149,
961,
374,
279,
1401,
11,
1606,
358,
2846,
2216,
539,
8173,
304,
3815,
904,
3460,
315,
14560,
24759,
287,
13,
358,
1541,
956,
617,
279,
892,
6463,
656,
358,
617,
279,
3634,
311,
3637,
6392,
902,
264,
2763,
315,
14560,
24759,
287,
439,
3117,
439,
358,
649,
3371,
18065,
12096,
304,
20155,
323,
28672,
6392,
902,
374,
1120,
539,
43303,
369,
757,
627,
4516,
358,
3463,
358,
4265,
733,
927,
1063,
3629,
45536,
5627,
311,
3665,
3300,
430,
1397,
1633,
2697,
5149,
627,
10714,
1403,
5672,
1306,
358,
7882,
311,
4892,
13030,
358,
23980,
220
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
11787,
1472,
12362,
20696,
1472,
12522,
311,
10467,
18099,
5380,
53040,
1790,
5127,
374,
2744,
3411,
311,
369,
4228,
5627,
311,
3665,
3300,
323,
358,
2846,
912,
4788,
13,
578,
17832,
5149,
961,
374,
279,
1401,
11,
1606,
358,
2846,
2216,
539,
8173,
304,
3815,
904,
3460,
315,
14560,
24759,
287,
13,
358,
1541,
956,
617,
279,
892,
6463,
656,
358,
617,
279,
3634,
311,
3637,
6392,
902,
264,
2763,
315,
14560,
24759,
287,
439,
3117,
439,
358,
649,
3371,
18065,
12096,
304,
20155,
323,
28672,
6392,
902,
374,
1120,
539,
43303,
369,
757,
627,
4516,
358,
3463,
358,
4265,
733,
927,
1063,
3629,
45536,
5627,
311,
3665,
3300,
430,
1397,
1633,
2697,
5149,
627,
10714,
1403,
5672,
1306,
358,
7882,
311,
4892,
13030,
358,
23980,
220,
-100
] |
Faster Everywhere: The all-new SystemSix was created with one simple goal in mind – to be the fastest and most efficient UCI-legal road bike in the world. Its unique fully integrated design delivers more speed, in more situations, than any other bike on the market today. For race day fast. And everyday fast. It's the world's fastest bike.
Faster Up: The SystemSix's aerodynamic advantage make it faster than lightweight climbing bikes on any climb up to a 6% gradient or more, depending on rider's power to weight. To put that in perspective, most revered HC climbs in the Tour only average 7-8%.
Faster on the flats: Compared to a modern lightweight race bike, at 48kph (~30mph), SystemSix saves you over 50W – huge savings considering an average Cat 1 racer's Functional Threshold Power is around 350W. And even when drafting, you're still getting up to 60% of that benefit. And if you're not up on watts, trust us. That's more than enough to notice.
Faster in the sprints: In a 200m sprint at 60 kph, all other things being equal, SystemSix will beat a modern lightweight race bike to the line by four full bike lengths. That's no photo finish. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 4,333 | [
128000,
37,
2352,
98325,
25,
578,
682,
23065,
744,
42560,
574,
3549,
449,
832,
4382,
5915,
304,
4059,
1389,
311,
387,
279,
26731,
323,
1455,
11297,
549,
11487,
12,
6564,
5754,
13260,
304,
279,
1917,
13,
11699,
5016,
7373,
18751,
2955,
28421,
810,
4732,
11,
304,
810,
15082,
11,
1109,
904,
1023,
13260,
389,
279,
3157,
3432,
13,
1789,
7102,
1938,
5043,
13,
1628,
18254,
5043,
13,
1102,
596,
279,
1917,
596,
26731,
13260,
627,
37,
2352,
3216,
25,
578,
744,
42560,
596,
34548,
61002,
9610,
1304,
433,
10819,
1109,
30244,
30608,
31553,
389,
904,
26438,
709,
311,
264,
220,
21,
4,
20779,
477,
810,
11,
11911,
389,
38226,
596,
2410,
311,
4785,
13,
2057,
2231,
430,
304,
13356,
11,
1455,
85761,
46928,
77511,
304,
279,
14986,
1193
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
37,
2352,
98325,
25,
578,
682,
23065,
744,
42560,
574,
3549,
449,
832,
4382,
5915,
304,
4059,
1389,
311,
387,
279,
26731,
323,
1455,
11297,
549,
11487,
12,
6564,
5754,
13260,
304,
279,
1917,
13,
11699,
5016,
7373,
18751,
2955,
28421,
810,
4732,
11,
304,
810,
15082,
11,
1109,
904,
1023,
13260,
389,
279,
3157,
3432,
13,
1789,
7102,
1938,
5043,
13,
1628,
18254,
5043,
13,
1102,
596,
279,
1917,
596,
26731,
13260,
627,
37,
2352,
3216,
25,
578,
744,
42560,
596,
34548,
61002,
9610,
1304,
433,
10819,
1109,
30244,
30608,
31553,
389,
904,
26438,
709,
311,
264,
220,
21,
4,
20779,
477,
810,
11,
11911,
389,
38226,
596,
2410,
311,
4785,
13,
2057,
2231,
430,
304,
13356,
11,
1455,
85761,
46928,
77511,
304,
279,
14986,
1193,
-100
] |
Earlier this week, I shared a story about how disgusted I am about ingredient labels that LIE.
When a product is contaminated by heavy metals, you are required to include a warning label in California.
So, I found this one product that didn't have a warning label and sent it off for independent testing.
And I was HORRIFIED by the results.
Over the last few years of fighting against big food, I noticed that calling out specific ingredients and specific companies was playing an endless game of "whack a mole." No matter how many times I got a company to change, another company would pop up doing the same exact thing as the other companies. It's crazy.
This is one of the reasons why I was driven to start my own product line. I wanted to create something where people would know that the company did the right thing… from the beginning. So, people would never have to worry about the specific ingredients. With this new mission came additional responsibility. Much of which I'm just as unhappy about as you are. Especially as it relates to specific products I plan to release.
But if this is what I have to do to make the lasting change in the food system, so be it. It's what needs to be done.
I know it's different. For now. But I am working out the kinks, and I assure you that this is what I believe is what the world needs.
On July 16th, I will announce the third Truvani product.
It's vegan. It's non-GMO. It's USDA organic.
And I was testing products similar to the product that we planned to release.
The whole story is a little crazy.
Read the blog post to see the full story.
P.S. As you read it, try and guess the new product. Leave me a comment!
Can you believe this food label?
What does it taste like? I have the answer!
Watch out for these summertime traps! | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 9,035 | [
128000,
34141,
420,
2046,
11,
358,
6222,
264,
3446,
922,
1268,
91174,
358,
1097,
922,
25795,
9382,
430,
445,
5484,
627,
4599,
264,
2027,
374,
52673,
555,
8987,
37182,
11,
499,
527,
2631,
311,
2997,
264,
10163,
2440,
304,
7188,
627,
4516,
11,
358,
1766,
420,
832,
2027,
430,
3287,
956,
617,
264,
10163,
2440,
323,
3288,
433,
1022,
369,
9678,
7649,
627,
3112,
358,
574,
84666,
49,
28420,
555,
279,
3135,
627,
1959,
279,
1566,
2478,
1667,
315,
11039,
2403,
2466,
3691,
11,
358,
14000,
430,
8260,
704,
3230,
14293,
323,
3230,
5220,
574,
5737,
459,
26762,
1847,
315,
330,
1336,
474,
264,
35751,
1210,
2360,
5030,
1268,
1690,
3115,
358,
2751,
264,
2883,
311,
2349,
11,
2500,
2883,
1053,
2477,
709,
3815,
279,
1890,
4839,
3245
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
34141,
420,
2046,
11,
358,
6222,
264,
3446,
922,
1268,
91174,
358,
1097,
922,
25795,
9382,
430,
445,
5484,
627,
4599,
264,
2027,
374,
52673,
555,
8987,
37182,
11,
499,
527,
2631,
311,
2997,
264,
10163,
2440,
304,
7188,
627,
4516,
11,
358,
1766,
420,
832,
2027,
430,
3287,
956,
617,
264,
10163,
2440,
323,
3288,
433,
1022,
369,
9678,
7649,
627,
3112,
358,
574,
84666,
49,
28420,
555,
279,
3135,
627,
1959,
279,
1566,
2478,
1667,
315,
11039,
2403,
2466,
3691,
11,
358,
14000,
430,
8260,
704,
3230,
14293,
323,
3230,
5220,
574,
5737,
459,
26762,
1847,
315,
330,
1336,
474,
264,
35751,
1210,
2360,
5030,
1268,
1690,
3115,
358,
2751,
264,
2883,
311,
2349,
11,
2500,
2883,
1053,
2477,
709,
3815,
279,
1890,
4839,
3245,
-100
] |
Lord of the Rings (LOTR) Black Tungsten Ring - Shop Ring-Ninja!
This is our Lord of the Rings (LOTR) Black Tungsten replica ring. It is engraved in elvish both inside and out. It is 7MM in width and is domed in style. This ring is also available in original and gold finish. This ring is made from genuine Tungsten Carbide. You would truley need to throw this ring into Mt. Doom to destroy it. This is a comfort fit ring. Tungsten Carbide is extremely scratch resistant and the shine will last a lifetime!
Like all of our Tungsten Rings this ring is Comfort Fit and is 100% cobalt free (we use a nickel binder to make a 100% hypo allergenic ring). This ring has already been engraved to be like 'the one ring' in the 'Lord of the Rings' movies.
Buy with confidence as the Lord of the Rings Black Tungsten Ring comes with our 21-day satisfaction guarantee and is backed by our Lifetime Warranty. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 8,724 | [
128000,
52182,
315,
279,
47380,
320,
1623,
2434,
8,
5348,
350,
2234,
16172,
22249,
482,
14355,
22249,
11500,
42520,
4999,
2028,
374,
1057,
10425,
315,
279,
47380,
320,
1623,
2434,
8,
5348,
350,
2234,
16172,
38054,
10264,
13,
1102,
374,
80810,
304,
658,
85,
819,
2225,
4871,
323,
704,
13,
1102,
374,
220,
22,
8195,
304,
2430,
323,
374,
4824,
291,
304,
1742,
13,
1115,
10264,
374,
1101,
2561,
304,
4113,
323,
6761,
6381,
13,
1115,
10264,
374,
1903,
505,
22785,
350,
2234,
16172,
69577,
579,
13,
1472,
1053,
490,
1130,
88,
1205,
311,
2571,
420,
10264,
1139,
36608,
13,
51334,
311,
7066,
433,
13,
1115,
374,
264,
6981,
5052,
10264,
13,
350,
2234,
16172,
69577,
579,
374,
9193,
19307,
31785,
323,
279,
33505,
690,
1566,
264,
19569
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
52182,
315,
279,
47380,
320,
1623,
2434,
8,
5348,
350,
2234,
16172,
22249,
482,
14355,
22249,
11500,
42520,
4999,
2028,
374,
1057,
10425,
315,
279,
47380,
320,
1623,
2434,
8,
5348,
350,
2234,
16172,
38054,
10264,
13,
1102,
374,
80810,
304,
658,
85,
819,
2225,
4871,
323,
704,
13,
1102,
374,
220,
22,
8195,
304,
2430,
323,
374,
4824,
291,
304,
1742,
13,
1115,
10264,
374,
1101,
2561,
304,
4113,
323,
6761,
6381,
13,
1115,
10264,
374,
1903,
505,
22785,
350,
2234,
16172,
69577,
579,
13,
1472,
1053,
490,
1130,
88,
1205,
311,
2571,
420,
10264,
1139,
36608,
13,
51334,
311,
7066,
433,
13,
1115,
374,
264,
6981,
5052,
10264,
13,
350,
2234,
16172,
69577,
579,
374,
9193,
19307,
31785,
323,
279,
33505,
690,
1566,
264,
19569,
-100
] |
The mission of the Hunger & Homeless Coalition is to support the planning, delivery and coordination of high quality services to the hungry, homeless, and those at risk of homelessness in our community. Homelessness and poverty don't discriminate. Let's work together in Collier County to bring an end to the risks that vulnerable residents face daily. It's important to understand what people experiencing homelessness go through and design a system of care that makes sense.
Please reach out to volunteer and contribute to Hunger & Homeless Coalition of Collier County as we battle against Homelessness! Collier we can!
The Coalition is sponsored by the State of Florida, Department of Children & Families.
The Hunger and Homeless Coalition of Collier County is a designated 501(c)3 non-profit organization since 2001. Fed id#04-3610154.
Homelessness it affects us all…. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 5,945 | [
128000,
791,
9131,
315,
279,
67636,
612,
5492,
1752,
36892,
374,
311,
1862,
279,
9293,
11,
9889,
323,
38793,
315,
1579,
4367,
3600,
311,
279,
30056,
11,
23855,
11,
323,
1884,
520,
5326,
315,
63022,
304,
1057,
4029,
13,
5492,
33028,
323,
19542,
1541,
956,
60541,
13,
6914,
596,
990,
3871,
304,
4349,
5741,
6406,
311,
4546,
459,
842,
311,
279,
15635,
430,
20134,
11062,
3663,
7446,
13,
1102,
596,
3062,
311,
3619,
1148,
1274,
25051,
63022,
733,
1555,
323,
2955,
264,
1887,
315,
2512,
430,
3727,
5647,
627,
5618,
5662,
704,
311,
26202,
323,
17210,
311,
67636,
612,
5492,
1752,
36892,
315,
4349,
5741,
6406,
439,
584,
8209,
2403,
5492,
33028,
0,
4349,
5741,
584,
649,
4999,
791,
36892,
374,
30638,
555,
279,
3314,
315,
9784,
11
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
791,
9131,
315,
279,
67636,
612,
5492,
1752,
36892,
374,
311,
1862,
279,
9293,
11,
9889,
323,
38793,
315,
1579,
4367,
3600,
311,
279,
30056,
11,
23855,
11,
323,
1884,
520,
5326,
315,
63022,
304,
1057,
4029,
13,
5492,
33028,
323,
19542,
1541,
956,
60541,
13,
6914,
596,
990,
3871,
304,
4349,
5741,
6406,
311,
4546,
459,
842,
311,
279,
15635,
430,
20134,
11062,
3663,
7446,
13,
1102,
596,
3062,
311,
3619,
1148,
1274,
25051,
63022,
733,
1555,
323,
2955,
264,
1887,
315,
2512,
430,
3727,
5647,
627,
5618,
5662,
704,
311,
26202,
323,
17210,
311,
67636,
612,
5492,
1752,
36892,
315,
4349,
5741,
6406,
439,
584,
8209,
2403,
5492,
33028,
0,
4349,
5741,
584,
649,
4999,
791,
36892,
374,
30638,
555,
279,
3314,
315,
9784,
11,
-100
] |
Q: Oracle Apps : could not find a price list in order uom or primary uom
could not find a price list in order uom or primary uom
I am getting error when set item to order line details.
A: Navigation To Fix the Issue
Pricing --> Price List --> Price List Set up
*
*Click on to Qualifiers.
*Check the Grouping Number and the Qualifier Context.
*For a Basic Transaction with out Qualifiers.
*Enter the Grouping Number as -1 and save the Price List.
*Qualifier Context is a Manditatory Field but the system will allow you to save with out any values.
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} | 3,540 | [
128000,
48,
25,
22137,
34120,
551,
1436,
539,
1505,
264,
3430,
1160,
304,
2015,
51153,
477,
6156,
51153,
720,
29177,
539,
1505,
264,
3430,
1160,
304,
2015,
51153,
477,
6156,
51153,
271,
40,
1097,
3794,
1493,
994,
743,
1537,
311,
2015,
1584,
3649,
382,
32,
25,
18464,
2057,
20295,
279,
26292,
198,
47,
39906,
3929,
8650,
1796,
3929,
8650,
1796,
2638,
709,
1038,
22242,
9,
2677,
389,
311,
20143,
12099,
382,
9,
4061,
279,
5856,
287,
5742,
323,
279,
20143,
3125,
9805,
382,
9,
2520,
264,
14967,
18351,
449,
704,
20143,
12099,
382,
9,
6403,
279,
5856,
287,
5742,
439,
482,
16,
323,
3665,
279,
8650,
1796,
382,
9,
84591,
9805,
374,
264,
24789,
275,
5382,
8771,
719,
279,
1887,
690,
2187,
499,
311,
3665,
449,
704,
904
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
48,
25,
22137,
34120,
551,
1436,
539,
1505,
264,
3430,
1160,
304,
2015,
51153,
477,
6156,
51153,
720,
29177,
539,
1505,
264,
3430,
1160,
304,
2015,
51153,
477,
6156,
51153,
271,
40,
1097,
3794,
1493,
994,
743,
1537,
311,
2015,
1584,
3649,
382,
32,
25,
18464,
2057,
20295,
279,
26292,
198,
47,
39906,
3929,
8650,
1796,
3929,
8650,
1796,
2638,
709,
1038,
22242,
9,
2677,
389,
311,
20143,
12099,
382,
9,
4061,
279,
5856,
287,
5742,
323,
279,
20143,
3125,
9805,
382,
9,
2520,
264,
14967,
18351,
449,
704,
20143,
12099,
382,
9,
6403,
279,
5856,
287,
5742,
439,
482,
16,
323,
3665,
279,
8650,
1796,
382,
9,
84591,
9805,
374,
264,
24789,
275,
5382,
8771,
719,
279,
1887,
690,
2187,
499,
311,
3665,
449,
704,
904,
-100
] |
We are living in a board game renaissance
By Cody Carlson
For the Deseret News
Battlestar Galactica, from Fantasy Flight Games, Star Trek: Fleet Captains, from WizKids, and DC Comics Deck Building Game, from Cryptozoic Entertainment, are examples of fun and dynamic movie and TV board game tie-ins.
You may not realize it, but you are living in the middle of a board game renaissance.
In a recent video post on his website Shut Up & Sit Down, British game journalist Quintin Smith noted that we are living in a golden age for board gaming.
"For the last 10 years board game sales have been going up every single year between 10 and 20 percent, that's enormous," Smith said. "There are two things that are amazing about this: first of all is the sort of phoenix-like return of board games. Why did that happen? And the other thing is that the sales are still going up."
Smith answers his own question: "It's because games themselves are getting better."
He also notes that traditional games like Monopoly have not benefited from this sales increase. "People are realizing there are better board games out there."
These better games, Smith states, are the result of a coming together of different cultures — European and American. Not so long ago there were two kinds of board games: "Eurogames," which boasted dynamic and inventive game mechanics, but had largely uninteresting themes; and so-called "Ameritrash" games, which had wonderful themes and beautiful components, but game play itself remained quite basic.
About 10 years ago, Smith says, American game designers started looking closer at Eurogames. At that time, Eurogames like Mayfair Games' Settlers of Catan were achieving popularity in the United States, and American designers began to incorporate some of their more dynamic mechanics into their own games.
Unlike many American games, which boasted concepts such as "roll-the-dice-and-move," long player turns and player elimination, Eurogames found ways to keep all players invested from start to finish, actively engaged even when it was another player's turn.
"German games embrace the physicality of the medium," Smith said, "which is a big deal because Western games didn't even have color manuals 10 years ago."
Smith offered a sign in his power-point presentation that read: "European Design Ethos + American Storytelling = Perfection."
As an example of this marriage of European and American games, Smith presented the evolution of Fantasy Flight Games' best-selling product, Twilight Imperium. The first two iterations of Twilight Imperium, a sprawling galactic adventure with different species engaging in trade, politics, science and war, had fun components and a wonderful theme, but suffered from a problem typical of American strategy board games — players' turns took a very long time, causing other players to disengage and get bored.
According to Smith, for the third edition of Twilight Imperium, designer Christian T. Peterson introduced strategy cards, which could be played by one player during his or her turn, but required the involvement of other players to vote on political agendas, establish trade agreements or research technologies.
"You pay attention to the game because you don't know when you're going to have opportunities to do cool stuff," Smith said.
Kalinda Patton, communications manager at Z-Man Games, offered her opinion on just why board games have really been taking off in the past 10 years.
"Families have started to play with more 'new-wave' games compared to more traditional games like Monopoly," Patton said. "Games like Carcassonne, Agricola and Pandemic are very popular games for families that are getting introduced to a different kind of gaming. On the other side of things, the avid gamers are still an important part of the industry and are searching for a game with that little something that they have never seen before. That makes game companies like us always on the lookout for that new aspect that could make a game that much better."
The European and American game integration has led to the current explosion of great games with no shortage of fun and engaging themes. In Courtier from Alderac Entertainment Group, gamers can try to influence the Queen in a royal court. In Twilight Struggle from GMT Games, players can experience firsthand the shadow world of the Cold War. There are also old-fashioned war games with a fantasy twist, like "Warparty" from Lock 'n Load Publishing.
In the past, film and TV tie-ins rarely made for original and interesting board games. Today, games like Battlestar Galactica and Star Wars: X-Wing Miniatures from Fantasy Flight Games, as wells as WizKids' Star Trek: Fleet Captains are top-notch productions. Cryptozoic Entertainment's DC Comics Deck-Building Game has an immersive theme, as does Upper Deck's Marvel: Legendary Deck-Building Game.
Some people may be turned off by the competition of games and may enjoy a new trend out there: cooperative games. In games like Z-Man Games' Pandemic, players work together to stop a series of plagues and diseases from ravaging the planet. In Flash Point: Fire Rescue from Indie Boards and Cards, players are firefighters who must combine their skills to save people from a burning building. In Zombicide, players work together to defeat a number of undead ghouls in a variety of scenarios.
Jeremy Stomberg, operations manager for Fantasy Flight Games, said that the wide variety of games available attracts new board gamers.
"It used to be that most gamers were only interested in one or two different types of games," Stomberg said. "But more recently, I've seen people going from a huge galaxy-spanning game with hundreds of miniatures to a small, 45-minute worker placement game, to a deckbuilder, and back again, all in one day of gaming. There are still holdouts, but we see a lot more people that are picking up different games from outside of their comfort zones, and that's awesome."
"It's a great time to be a gamer," said Scott Gaeta, chief operating officer for Cryptozoic Entertainment. "The general public has really caught on to the fact that games aren't just for kids."
Geoff W. Dearing, owner of Game Haven, a chain of board game stores in Utah, said that board games are a great way for families to interact.
"We specialize in family games," Dearing said, "so it's not surprising that those titles sell. I believe families love to game in Utah, hence why we decided to open in northern Utah and St. George."
Smith cited a most basic reason to play board games: "We are hard-coded to sit down with our friends and just enjoy one another's company. And board games let us do that."
Cody K. Carlson holds a master's degree in history from the University of Utah and currently teaches at SLCC. He has also appeared on many local stages, including Hale Center Theater and Off Broadway Theater. Email: [email protected]
Family June 13, 2017 VidAngel now allows users to filter Amazon, HBO and Netflix
Family June 12, 2017 Utah book club explains what makes graphic novels so dynamic | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 4,265 | [
128000,
1687,
527,
5496,
304,
264,
4580,
1847,
312,
46302,
198,
1383,
58382,
71073,
198,
2520,
279,
3959,
261,
295,
5513,
198,
43993,
12134,
10845,
533,
3074,
11,
505,
27582,
27675,
11871,
11,
7834,
31571,
25,
44555,
17013,
1771,
11,
505,
468,
450,
70533,
11,
323,
11162,
35156,
29516,
17283,
4140,
11,
505,
33986,
13028,
292,
23334,
11,
527,
10507,
315,
2523,
323,
8915,
5818,
323,
6007,
4580,
1847,
18623,
22610,
627,
2675,
1253,
539,
13383,
433,
11,
719,
499,
527,
5496,
304,
279,
6278,
315,
264,
4580,
1847,
312,
46302,
627,
644,
264,
3293,
2835,
1772,
389,
813,
3997,
49374,
3216,
612,
29508,
6419,
11,
8013,
1847,
23672,
51799,
258,
9259,
10555,
430,
584,
527,
5496,
304,
264,
21411,
4325,
369,
4580,
16211,
627,
57741,
279,
1566
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
1687,
527,
5496,
304,
264,
4580,
1847,
312,
46302,
198,
1383,
58382,
71073,
198,
2520,
279,
3959,
261,
295,
5513,
198,
43993,
12134,
10845,
533,
3074,
11,
505,
27582,
27675,
11871,
11,
7834,
31571,
25,
44555,
17013,
1771,
11,
505,
468,
450,
70533,
11,
323,
11162,
35156,
29516,
17283,
4140,
11,
505,
33986,
13028,
292,
23334,
11,
527,
10507,
315,
2523,
323,
8915,
5818,
323,
6007,
4580,
1847,
18623,
22610,
627,
2675,
1253,
539,
13383,
433,
11,
719,
499,
527,
5496,
304,
279,
6278,
315,
264,
4580,
1847,
312,
46302,
627,
644,
264,
3293,
2835,
1772,
389,
813,
3997,
49374,
3216,
612,
29508,
6419,
11,
8013,
1847,
23672,
51799,
258,
9259,
10555,
430,
584,
527,
5496,
304,
264,
21411,
4325,
369,
4580,
16211,
627,
57741,
279,
1566,
-100
] |
A Registered Nurse & An Attorney: Donna Craig L'82 Has Secured Position in Healthcare Law as Both
By Kenneth Stratton '19 SUNDAY, JUNE 30, 2019 - 12:00 PM WNE100
A registered nurse, and an attorney. That's a powerful combination, and Donna J. Craig L'82 happens to be both.
Craig began her career as a staff nurse in a cardiac care unit at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, moving from Michigan to "see the world." Working there for four years and eventually becoming acting head nurse, she began to re-evaluate her career. She was thinking about becoming a nurse practitioner when she began taking classes here and there to test the waters. One such class was on healthcare law and ethics at Boston University's School of Public Health. She audited the class - and soon realized she could combine her nursing experience and knowledge with the law.
"It was never my intention to study the law," Craig said. And yet, that's where her path took her. Soon she left her nursing friends from Boston behind in favor of becoming a "serious student" all the way out in Western Massachusetts in the School of Law at Western New England College. She recalls feeling welcome, from the very first moment she visited the school.
"I met people there, who just took me all around the school," she recalled of her visit. Trying to find a way which described exactly how she felt during her first visit to campus, she simply said: "It just felt like home!"
So Craig joined the day program at the School of Law, and worked nights as a staff nurse at Springfield Municipal Hospital and at the United States Attorney's office. Not only was her schedule full, forcing her to stay more organized than ever before, but she had to grapple with a rigorous course of study.
After an abysmal first exam in Contracts, Dean Howard Kalodner told Craig at the time she'd have to reframe her thinking. To put it into basketball terms, he said: "You can shoot really well from mid court, but you can't shoot a layup."
"It was like learning a different language," Craig said of her legal studies. "It was very self-centered studying. I had to change the way I thought and the way I analyzed issues," she explained, after taking Dean Kalodner's advice to heart.
Eventually Craig dribbled her way through law school, and thought she landed a slam dunk opportunity upon graduation. She remembers having to consider several offers: after all, who wouldn't want this powerful nurse-attorney combination on their team?
So she chose work as an Associate Attorney with Kitch, Suhrheinrich, Saurbier and Drutchas in Detroit, a medical malpractice defense firm, where she stayed for two years before realizing the life-work balance wasn't there.
"This isn't just learning the ropes as a new associate attorney, this is a way of life," she remembers thinking at the time, when she would witness named partners also working long hours and weekends. So for the next 13 years she'd work in a large multi-hospital healthcare system, Oakwood Healthcare Inc., as the corporate director of legal affairs, risk management and insurance. Due to rising malpractice insurance premiums for physicians at the time, the healthcare system launched an off-shore hospital/physician captive insurance company where she served as a board member.
Making a bold move to strike out on her own, Craig left Oakwood to establish her own firm. Initially formed as Donna Craig and Associates PLC, she began providing healthcare transactional, business, insurance, regulatory and licensure defense legal services for hospital systems, medical group practices, and affiliated healthcare providers, as well as serving as an arbitrator and mediator in healthcare disputes across the country. Today she remains the Principal of the firm, now called The Health Law Center, PLC.
"I'm still working with nurses and other healthcare providers," Craig said with enthusiasm. Craig enjoys being in a position where she feels like she can help people with her knowledge on healthcare law. Among her responsibilities, she works with families and patients denied healthcare services, and also works with software maintenance and technology companies needing to comply with Michigan and federal privacy regulations.
"Law was something not even on my radar," Craig said. "But the work is very rewarding and fulfilling," she added. In March 2018, Craig was admitted as a member of the bar of the Supreme Court of the United States in a motion accepted by Chief Justice John Roberts before the full panel of Supreme Court Justices. As far as accomplishments, Craig said, "being admitted before the full Supreme Court and hearing oral arguments on the case before the Court was a thrill of a lifetime that I will never forget."
Offering some advice to students and young adults just starting out, Craig said "don't follow the money." She continued, "You have to ask yourself, 'what's that spark; where's your passion?' and jump for it," she said. "Sometimes you make that jump where you don't expect it and you stumble, but it's okay," Craig concluded.
Craig has made a few jumps in life herself, and has secured a position in healthcare law as a powerful registered nurse and healthcare attorney. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 9,351 | [
128000,
32,
36639,
49876,
612,
1556,
18919,
25,
47863,
29517,
445,
6,
6086,
11697,
4621,
3149,
12661,
304,
39435,
7658,
439,
11995,
198,
1383,
49498,
54035,
783,
364,
777,
328,
13508,
3097,
11,
622,
50489,
220,
966,
11,
220,
679,
24,
482,
220,
717,
25,
410,
5975,
468,
4031,
1041,
198,
32,
9879,
29198,
11,
323,
459,
14065,
13,
3011,
596,
264,
8147,
10824,
11,
323,
47863,
622,
13,
29517,
445,
6,
6086,
8741,
311,
387,
2225,
627,
87376,
6137,
1077,
7076,
439,
264,
5687,
29198,
304,
264,
47345,
2512,
5089,
520,
29103,
6921,
15429,
304,
10406,
11,
22108,
11,
7366,
505,
14972,
311,
330,
4151,
279,
1917,
1210,
22938,
1070,
369,
3116,
1667,
323,
9778,
10671,
15718,
2010,
29198,
11,
1364,
6137,
311,
312,
5773,
20216,
1077
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
32,
36639,
49876,
612,
1556,
18919,
25,
47863,
29517,
445,
6,
6086,
11697,
4621,
3149,
12661,
304,
39435,
7658,
439,
11995,
198,
1383,
49498,
54035,
783,
364,
777,
328,
13508,
3097,
11,
622,
50489,
220,
966,
11,
220,
679,
24,
482,
220,
717,
25,
410,
5975,
468,
4031,
1041,
198,
32,
9879,
29198,
11,
323,
459,
14065,
13,
3011,
596,
264,
8147,
10824,
11,
323,
47863,
622,
13,
29517,
445,
6,
6086,
8741,
311,
387,
2225,
627,
87376,
6137,
1077,
7076,
439,
264,
5687,
29198,
304,
264,
47345,
2512,
5089,
520,
29103,
6921,
15429,
304,
10406,
11,
22108,
11,
7366,
505,
14972,
311,
330,
4151,
279,
1917,
1210,
22938,
1070,
369,
3116,
1667,
323,
9778,
10671,
15718,
2010,
29198,
11,
1364,
6137,
311,
312,
5773,
20216,
1077,
-100
] |
Spain joins India, Singapore to tame cryptocurrency ads (Ld)
Apple may launch new iPad Air with A15 chip soon
Amazon not to ban Visa credit cards in UK over 'interchange' fees
Samsung launches Exynos 2200 chip to boost mobile gaming
Home History What Would Happen If You Traveled Faster than the Speed of Light?
What Would Happen If You Traveled Faster than the Speed of Light?
Vishnu Chaudhari
When we were kids, we were amazed that Superman could travel faster than a speeding bullet. We could even picture him, chasing down a projectile fired from a weapon, his right arm outstretched, his cape rippling behind him. If he traveled at half the bullet's speed, the rate at which the bullet moved away from him would halve. If he did indeed travel faster than the bullet, he would overtake it and lead the way. Go, Superman! In other words, Superman's aerial antics obeyed Newton's views of space and time: that the positions and motions of objects in space should all be measured relative to an absolute, non-moving frame of reference.
In the early 1900s, scientists held firm to the Newtonian view of the world. Then a German-born mathematician and physicist by the name of Albert Einstein came along and changed everything. In 1905, Einstein published his theory of special relativity, which put forth a startling idea: There is no preferred frame of reference. Everything, even time, is relative.
Two important principles underpinned his theory. The first stated that the same laws of physics apply equally in all constantly moving frames of reference. The second said that the speed of light — about 186,000 miles per second (300,000 kilometers per second) — is constant and independent of the observer's motion or the source of light. According to Einstein, if Superman were to chase a light beam at half the speed of light, the beam would continue to move away from him at exactly the same speed.
These concepts seem deceptively simple, but they have some mind-bending implications. One of the biggest is represented by Einstein's famous equation, E = mc², where E is energy, m is mass and c is the speed of light. According to this equation, mass and energy are the same physical entity and can be changed into each other. Because of this equivalence, the energy an object has due to its motion will increase its mass. In other words, the faster an object moves, the greater its mass. This only becomes noticeable when an object moves really quickly. If it moves at 10 percent the speed of light, for example, its mass will only be 0.5 percent more than normal. But if it moves at 90 percent the speed of light, its mass will double.
As an object approaches the speed of light, its mass rises precipitously. If an object tries to travel 186,000 miles per second (299,792 kilometers per second), its mass becomes infinite, and so does the energy required to move it. For this reason, no normal object can travel as fast or faster than the speed of light.
That answers our question, but let's modify the question slightly.
Almost as Fast as the Speed of Light?
We covered the original question, but what if we tweaked it to say, "What if you traveled almost as fast as the speed of light?" In that case, you would experience some interesting effects. One famous result is something physicists call time dilation , which describes how time runs more slowly for objects moving very rapidly. If you flew on a rocket traveling at 90 percent of light-speed, the passage of time for you would be halved. Your watch would advance only 10 minutes, while more than 20 minutes would pass for an earthbound observer.
You would also experience some strange visual consequences. One such consequence is called aberration, and it refers to how your whole field of view would shrink down to a tiny, tunnel-shaped "window" out in front of your spacecraft. This happens because photons (those exceedingly tiny packets of light) — even photons behind you — appear to come in from the forward direction.
In addition, you would notice an extreme Doppler effect , which would cause light waves from stars in front of you to crowd together, making the objects appear blue. Light waves from stars behind you would spread apart and appear red. The faster you go, the more extreme this phenomenon becomes until all visible light from stars in front of the spacecraft and stars to the rear become completely shifted out of the known visible spectrum (the colors humans can see). When these stars move out of your perceptible wavelength, they simply appear to fade to black or vanish against the background.
Previous articleEntrepreneurship – Stress = Success
Next articleU.S. senators want social media users to be able to take their data with them
Author of 'Dream Beyond Infinity', Poet and Passionately Curious Person.
The History of Packaging
What is Ram Rajya – The Golden Age of Hinduism?
Sindhis Celebrate Tirmoori on Makar Sankranti | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 7,640 | [
128000,
75420,
29782,
6890,
11,
21181,
311,
82923,
27128,
14058,
320,
43,
67,
340,
27665,
1253,
7195,
502,
23067,
6690,
449,
362,
868,
16797,
5246,
198,
26948,
539,
311,
9120,
44434,
6807,
7563,
304,
6560,
927,
364,
2295,
3455,
6,
12718,
198,
51990,
38175,
1398,
81493,
220,
8610,
15,
16797,
311,
7916,
6505,
16211,
198,
7778,
11346,
3639,
19418,
35800,
268,
1442,
1472,
1183,
29285,
85586,
1109,
279,
15535,
315,
8828,
5380,
3923,
19418,
35800,
268,
1442,
1472,
1183,
29285,
85586,
1109,
279,
15535,
315,
8828,
5380,
53,
819,
9110,
921,
8039,
77007,
198,
4599,
584,
1051,
6980,
11,
584,
1051,
46304,
430,
38809,
1436,
5944,
10819,
1109,
264,
58675,
17889,
13,
1226,
1436,
1524,
6945,
1461,
11,
43931,
1523,
264,
39057,
14219,
505,
264,
10500,
11,
813
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
75420,
29782,
6890,
11,
21181,
311,
82923,
27128,
14058,
320,
43,
67,
340,
27665,
1253,
7195,
502,
23067,
6690,
449,
362,
868,
16797,
5246,
198,
26948,
539,
311,
9120,
44434,
6807,
7563,
304,
6560,
927,
364,
2295,
3455,
6,
12718,
198,
51990,
38175,
1398,
81493,
220,
8610,
15,
16797,
311,
7916,
6505,
16211,
198,
7778,
11346,
3639,
19418,
35800,
268,
1442,
1472,
1183,
29285,
85586,
1109,
279,
15535,
315,
8828,
5380,
3923,
19418,
35800,
268,
1442,
1472,
1183,
29285,
85586,
1109,
279,
15535,
315,
8828,
5380,
53,
819,
9110,
921,
8039,
77007,
198,
4599,
584,
1051,
6980,
11,
584,
1051,
46304,
430,
38809,
1436,
5944,
10819,
1109,
264,
58675,
17889,
13,
1226,
1436,
1524,
6945,
1461,
11,
43931,
1523,
264,
39057,
14219,
505,
264,
10500,
11,
813,
-100
] |
Grant Supports Creation of Huge Cancer Database
| Original story from University of Texas, Arlington
Complete the form below and we will email you a PDF version of "Grant Supports Creation of Huge Cancer Database"
University of Texas at Arlington computer scientist Jacob Luber has earned a five-year, $2 million grant from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) to create a database that contains every publicly available cancer dataset from the National Cancer Institute (NCI).
The database will allow researchers and physicians to map where cancer patients have similar traits and improve and expand treatments based on that data. Such datasets are currently too large for physicians to access easily.
An assistant professor in the Computer Science and Engineering Department and with UTA's Multi-Interprofessional Center for Health Informatics (MICHI), Luber is developing an algorithm that compresses bioinformatic data related to cancer.
Using deep-learning techniques, he is exploring how to reduce the size of extremely large datasets from up to three petabytes to a more-manageable 12 terabytes. A petabyte is the equivalent of 1,000 terabytes of data.
"With deep learning, we can take a high-dimensional image with proteomic data overlaid on top and compress it, then use it to find similarities between patients," said Luber, who also is a CPRIT Scholar in Cancer Research. "Once those similarities are identified, physicians could mine electronic health records to see what treatments were most effective and adjust treatment regimens accordingly."
Marion Ball, MICHI executive director, said Luber's work is a valuable contribution to the health informatics efforts of the center.
"MICHI conducts research in two focus areas central to the long-term strategic goals of UTA: data-driven discovery and health and the human condition," said Ball, Presidential Distinguished Professor and the Raj and Indra Nooyi Endowed Distinguished Chair in Bioengineering. "Dr. Luber's research program perfectly bridges these two areas by utilizing massive-scale supercomputing to understand health-oriented data and then drive novel research programs addressing disease both through algorithmic approaches in the clinic and machine learning-guided drug discovery."
Ultimately, the research would allow doctors to input patient data and access the larger index through a computer at the patient's bedside or in an exam room. Additionally, the imaging index will also be used to further drug discovery efforts by better understanding how chemicals derived from the microbiome affect how the body's own immune system fights cancer.
"Dr. Luber's postdoctoral experience at NCI gives him a unique perspective into how to approach the problem of making extremely large datasets accessible to physicians and others who do not have access to supercomputers," said Hong Jiang, chair of the Computer Science and Engineering Department. "His research is an excellent application of deep learning that could make a big difference in the effectiveness of cancer treatments."
Luber, who has secondary appointments in the Bioengineering Department at UTA and at the NCI's Cancer Data Science Lab, used UT System Science and Technology Acquisition and Retention funds to purchase a supercomputer for this project. The CPRIT grant will allow him to hire several doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers to assist him in creating the index.
This article has been republished from the following materials. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. For further information, please contact the cited source.
Why Biotechnology Companies Should Leverage Novel and Competitive Opportunities With CDMOs To Serve a Greater Population
Uncovering Real-World Patient Insights With Social Media and NLP
Laboratory of the Future: Smart Connected Labs | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 742 | [
128000,
69071,
67546,
35386,
315,
51883,
26211,
10199,
198,
91,
17674,
3446,
505,
3907,
315,
8421,
11,
59796,
198,
12833,
279,
1376,
3770,
323,
584,
690,
2613,
499,
264,
11612,
2373,
315,
330,
69071,
67546,
35386,
315,
51883,
26211,
10199,
702,
31272,
315,
8421,
520,
59796,
6500,
28568,
25537,
445,
30970,
706,
15662,
264,
4330,
4771,
11,
400,
17,
3610,
13500,
505,
279,
26211,
36947,
323,
8483,
10181,
315,
8421,
320,
34,
6616,
964,
8,
311,
1893,
264,
4729,
430,
5727,
1475,
17880,
2561,
9572,
10550,
505,
279,
5165,
26211,
10181,
320,
10153,
40,
4390,
791,
4729,
690,
2187,
12074,
323,
35944,
311,
2472,
1405,
9572,
6978,
617,
4528,
25022,
323,
7417,
323,
9407,
22972,
3196,
389,
430,
828,
13,
15483,
30525,
527,
5131,
2288,
3544,
369,
35944
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
69071,
67546,
35386,
315,
51883,
26211,
10199,
198,
91,
17674,
3446,
505,
3907,
315,
8421,
11,
59796,
198,
12833,
279,
1376,
3770,
323,
584,
690,
2613,
499,
264,
11612,
2373,
315,
330,
69071,
67546,
35386,
315,
51883,
26211,
10199,
702,
31272,
315,
8421,
520,
59796,
6500,
28568,
25537,
445,
30970,
706,
15662,
264,
4330,
4771,
11,
400,
17,
3610,
13500,
505,
279,
26211,
36947,
323,
8483,
10181,
315,
8421,
320,
34,
6616,
964,
8,
311,
1893,
264,
4729,
430,
5727,
1475,
17880,
2561,
9572,
10550,
505,
279,
5165,
26211,
10181,
320,
10153,
40,
4390,
791,
4729,
690,
2187,
12074,
323,
35944,
311,
2472,
1405,
9572,
6978,
617,
4528,
25022,
323,
7417,
323,
9407,
22972,
3196,
389,
430,
828,
13,
15483,
30525,
527,
5131,
2288,
3544,
369,
35944,
-100
] |
Electoral Crisis in Haiti Deepens
Beverly Bell ,
The start of Haiti's most recent crisis came with ample warning. Most Port-au-Prince residents scurried to their homes mid-afternoon last Tuesday
The start of Haiti's most recent crisis came with ample warning. Most Port-au-Prince residents scurried to their homes mid-afternoon last Tuesday, certain of the violence and chaos which would ensue once the electoral council announced which two presidential candidates would make it to the run-offs. The troublemakers didn't wait until the 8:00 PM announcement, but started throwing rocks and erecting barricades by late afternoon for good measure. By nightfall, gunfire ricocheted around the capital and other towns. Through Friday, the black smoke of burning-tire barricades rose above the small crowds, who rampaged through towns, destroying shops and other structures, burning cars and occasionally shooting people. Haitian Radio Metropole reported five deaths.
The electoral council's results were as transparently fraudulent as the vote itself. The only candidate with popular appeal, Michel Martelly, was excluded from the run-off. The widely hated president René Préval's chosen successor, Jude Célestin, was inserted into the January 16 run-off along with Mirlande Manigat.
Scrambling to get itself out of its jam, the electoral council announced a recount, but both Martelly and Manigat have rejected this option. Cancellation of the vote is a distant option. The council's routes through which to backpedal appear blocked.
Meanwhile, on Friday, Sen. Patrick Leahy, who sits on the Senate Appropriations Committee, called for President Obama to withhold aid to the Haitian government and suspend travel visas of senior Haitian officials until "necessary steps" are taken to guarantee a democratic result. And last week, the United Nations, Organization of American States, European Union, American and four other ambassadors in Haiti urged the government on to the next legal step, requesting that the 72-hour period in which parties may contest the results begin today.
The weekend brought calm – partial on Saturday and broader on Saturday. Some ventured out hesitantly after days spent housebound to stock up on food or view the destruction, but still, motor vehicles and pedestrians remained scarce. Monday morning dawned as just another Haitian day, except that schools remain officially closed. But there are more electoral council announcements on the horizon. No one knows what this week will bring, but calm is not high on the list of options.
The only ones who stand to gain from the current upheaval are the candidates vying for victory and the demonstrators and agitators they have paid. Some acts of violence and construction of road barricades appeared to be random, enacted by thugs who control various neighborhoods or others who were perhaps simply bored. Those grassroots organizations which normally sponsor demonstrations against Préval sat that week out; these are not the activities of an organized pro-democracy movement.
As always, it is the poor who have paid the heaviest cost. For starters, those who live from the informal economy have lost days of the minuscule incomes, which barely keep their families alive. The small army of vendors of phone cards who congregate at gas stations, the men who peddle long-expired medications from red buckets on their heads, the women who sell imported corn flakes or second-hand underwear, and all the rest were not to be found on the deserted streets from Wednesday through the weekend, meaning that their families lost the few cents they make on each sale.
Confronted by the forces of regression, Truthout brings you the kind of news that drives real change. Please support us in this fight: make a tax-deductible donation today.
Those living in shantytowns where much of the violence was concentrated could not leave their homes out of fear. Neither could those living under plastic tarps or tents on the streets or in internally displaced peoples' camps in volatile neighborhoods; they, moreover, could not even retreat behind walls or lock their doors. Numerous women in these settings, among a circle who call me whenever they can buy cell phone minutes, reported that their meager supplies of food and water ran out after a day or two. With no means to buy more even if they could have gone to the market, they ran to neighbors' homes in calmer moments to try to collect small gifts to sustain their children – sometimes with more success than others. Hunger, every woman told me, has been the norm since Wednesday.
Sunday morning, for example, one of my daily calls was from Dieuveut Mondestin. She is a widow who lives with four children and an infant in a tarp-covered lean-to in the shantytown of Martissant. She has no nearby relatives, no job or other source of support, no source of free or nearby water and no electricity. Dieuveut had just returned from two days in the hospital, where she was watching over her dead husband's father who had cholera.
I ask how she's made out these last few days. "I can't suffer anything I haven't already suffered, so I still have hope. But it's been hard, hard, hard, I tell you. There was so much shooting in my neighborhood, there was nowhere to run. I haven't had anything to feed my kids. They're so skinny, even little Larissa; you remember she was chubby. They're just sticks now."
This past week has also provided the perfect conditions for a spike in cholera, what Partners in Health calls "a disease of poverty," which impacts those without safe drinking water. With roads blocked and all but a valiant few health care and sanitation workers at home, much of the humanitarian coordination effort in Port-au-Prince and other parts of Haiti was in "lock-down," a high-level cholera response worker told me on Friday. My inbox brought an urgent call for anyone who could travel to ten camps to deliver the cholera-prevention essentials of water purification tablets and bleach. Clean drinking water, another essential, also ran out in many places early on in the days of mêlée.
Because sanitation workers could not get to the camps, toilets and garbage overflowed to extremes. (For a chilling account, see Sascha Kramer's recent article in Counter Punch.) The sporadic rains throughout the week, moreover, spread contaminated water and sewage, perfect vectors for the disease.
One eyewitness told me that the group controlling the burning tires on the central Champs de Mars Boulevard refused to let medical transport vehicles through. The street barricades and lack of available drivers limited possibilities of the cholera struck to get to health care centers during the window in which healing is possible, which in extreme cases is as short as four hours. Lack of drivers for medical vehicles also meant that corpses of many cholera victims remained in camps, bringing serious risk of contamination.
The socially and economically marginalized will gain nothing for their troubles, as no president sympathetic to their cause is forthcoming from these elections. None of the 19 candidates has been outspoken or active on behalf of the needs of survivors languishing in camps, or on behalf of a reconstruction process or economic model which prioritizes the most vulnerable. The unknown Célestin, from the party that has failed the citizenry, is so clueless about state responsibility that he even told a campaign crowd, "To counteract this illness [cholera] is a matter of hygiene more than anything. Hygienic measures, the state can't assume that … It's a personal and individual matter."[1] The right-wing intellectual Manigat briefly served as first lady in 1988 to the figurehead civilian president of a military dictatorship, but is otherwise undistinguished. Martelly has made public no policy agenda, though it's hard to imagine that he could effectively push through any policies. His notoriety stems from being a buffoon and carousing musician, known for such nonpresidential antics as flashing his bare backside in public.
A vote for Martelly, several people interviewed for this article said, was a vote against the standard political elite. Human rights lawyer Patrice Florvilus said, "The [people] don't know if Martelly will give them anything different, but they know that they won't gain anything from the suits who are the current politicians. Martelly is a product of the vacuum of alternatives. People need an alternative to the current conditions of their life but they've been totally abandoned.
"So many have been under tents for eleven months with nothing coming to them. They haven't seen any of the international aid. They're at the end of their rope with their social problems. It's such a shame that politicians are using them for their own political profit."
Regardless of who wins and how, the next president will come in with constitutionally constrained powers. Since the Parliament ceded its power in April to the Interim Commission for the Reconstruction of Haiti, a 28-member body whose membership is 50 percent foreign and whose co-chair is Bill Clinton, the president holds little power over the country's future beyond the right to veto the commission's decision. With the World Bank as the group's fiscal sponsor and all the international muscle around the table, even that veto option is unlikely to translate to much authority. This constraint will remain at least until the commission's current mandate expires in August 2011.
The electoral debacle appears to have one other beneficiary besides whoever wins the presidency. It is the boys who, for once in this super-dense city with almost no recreational spaces, have had endless open streets on which to play soccer. Block after block is full of fleet-footed kids moving between the broken cinder blocks which serve as goals. On an outing to check out the state of the streets, I called out to one group of boys, "The elections gave you your soccer field. You lucked out!"
One called back, "No way! We'd rather have a free election!"
Many thanks to Allyn Gaestel for her research help.
1. Campaign speech of Jude Célestin, Port-au-Prince, November 25, 2010, taped by Reuters journalist Allyn Gaestel.
We have hours left to raise $19,000 and we need your support before time runs out. We're not asking for a handout, we're asking for an investment: Invest in a nonprofit news site that's not afraid to ruffle a few feathers, not afraid to stand up for what's right, and not afraid to tell it like it is.
Beverly Bell
Beverly Bell has worked for more than three decades as an advocate, organizer and writer in collaboration with social movements in Latin America, the Caribbean, Africa and the US. Her focus areas are just economies, democratic participation and gender justice. Beverly currently serves as associate fellow at the Institute for Policy Studies and coordinator of Other Worlds. She is author of Walking on Fire: Haitian Women's Stories of Survival and Resistance and of Fault Lines: Views Across Haiti's Divide. She is also a member of Truthout's Board of Advisers.
Hours left: Truthout needs your help!
We have hours left to raise the $19,000 we need to keep publishing journalism that serves as a watchdog for the powerful and a voice for the marginalized. Every dollar you give goes directly to fueling the work of journalists who are dedicated to uncovering the truth. Give today and you'll be like a superhero, with the added bonus of not having to wear a cape. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 7,764 | [
128000,
30431,
10020,
46250,
304,
56290,
18682,
729,
198,
33,
2099,
398,
18366,
13801,
791,
1212,
315,
56290,
596,
1455,
3293,
11501,
3782,
449,
42853,
10163,
13,
7648,
5896,
83097,
12,
69032,
11062,
1156,
324,
4588,
311,
872,
10632,
5209,
45673,
12684,
1566,
7742,
198,
791,
1212,
315,
56290,
596,
1455,
3293,
11501,
3782,
449,
42853,
10163,
13,
7648,
5896,
83097,
12,
69032,
11062,
1156,
324,
4588,
311,
872,
10632,
5209,
45673,
12684,
1566,
7742,
11,
3738,
315,
279,
9349,
323,
28013,
902,
1053,
4675,
361,
3131,
279,
34941,
15177,
7376,
902,
1403,
13621,
11426,
1053,
1304,
433,
311,
279,
1629,
65039,
13,
578,
12544,
20481,
3287,
956,
3868,
3156,
279,
220,
23,
25,
410,
5975,
17480,
11,
719,
3940,
21939,
23902,
323,
38732,
287,
78680,
3536,
555
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
30431,
10020,
46250,
304,
56290,
18682,
729,
198,
33,
2099,
398,
18366,
13801,
791,
1212,
315,
56290,
596,
1455,
3293,
11501,
3782,
449,
42853,
10163,
13,
7648,
5896,
83097,
12,
69032,
11062,
1156,
324,
4588,
311,
872,
10632,
5209,
45673,
12684,
1566,
7742,
198,
791,
1212,
315,
56290,
596,
1455,
3293,
11501,
3782,
449,
42853,
10163,
13,
7648,
5896,
83097,
12,
69032,
11062,
1156,
324,
4588,
311,
872,
10632,
5209,
45673,
12684,
1566,
7742,
11,
3738,
315,
279,
9349,
323,
28013,
902,
1053,
4675,
361,
3131,
279,
34941,
15177,
7376,
902,
1403,
13621,
11426,
1053,
1304,
433,
311,
279,
1629,
65039,
13,
578,
12544,
20481,
3287,
956,
3868,
3156,
279,
220,
23,
25,
410,
5975,
17480,
11,
719,
3940,
21939,
23902,
323,
38732,
287,
78680,
3536,
555,
-100
] |
outcomes first to respond thoroughly, and that will take some time.
truth nor more inflammatory in concept.
Agency and, in recent years, MOEWD).
private profit. But at least as a minimum, not to go backwards.
certainly destroy everything else that is good and valuable about it today.
That would be a catastrophe, economically and socially, for San Francisco.
expansion" instead, stick to that.
City's emerging technology economy substantially in the Central Corridor.
getting the right thing in the right place, the essence of zoning.
the Giants Stadium non-neighborhood trade base).
Department itself to know what the heck it is doing with our city's economy.
techniques of Community Benefit Districts and other such tools is missing.
limits, etc. This needs a lot of work, up front.
Corridor, so it is a matter of living up to one of the Plan's key stated goals.
sites identified for affordable housing development in the Corridor? No.
to gauge their likely outcomes.
"…Giants Stadium non-neighborhood trade base" interesting word choice. Kinda like the mega big box "clubs" that continue to tear western SOMA neighborhoods apart.. where does their trade (clients) originate. Certainly not from the neighborhoods, more likely the kiddies from across the bridges and through the tunnels. Mean time the club owners take their money out of the community and leave their impacts. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 3,284 | [
128000,
412,
6716,
1176,
311,
6013,
27461,
11,
323,
430,
690,
1935,
1063,
892,
627,
59677,
6463,
810,
47288,
304,
7434,
627,
94820,
323,
11,
304,
3293,
1667,
11,
11672,
36,
18023,
4390,
2039,
11626,
13,
2030,
520,
3325,
439,
264,
8187,
11,
539,
311,
733,
29512,
627,
66,
7770,
398,
7066,
4395,
775,
430,
374,
1695,
323,
15525,
922,
433,
3432,
627,
4897,
1053,
387,
264,
65396,
11,
47379,
323,
40418,
11,
369,
5960,
13175,
627,
4683,
10722,
1,
4619,
11,
9396,
311,
430,
627,
13020,
596,
24084,
5557,
8752,
32302,
304,
279,
10913,
4563,
83536,
627,
51210,
279,
1314,
3245,
304,
279,
1314,
2035,
11,
279,
28591,
315,
66078,
627,
1820,
30835,
23462,
2536,
12,
37569,
5812,
6696,
2385,
4390,
27725,
5196,
311,
1440,
1148,
279
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
412,
6716,
1176,
311,
6013,
27461,
11,
323,
430,
690,
1935,
1063,
892,
627,
59677,
6463,
810,
47288,
304,
7434,
627,
94820,
323,
11,
304,
3293,
1667,
11,
11672,
36,
18023,
4390,
2039,
11626,
13,
2030,
520,
3325,
439,
264,
8187,
11,
539,
311,
733,
29512,
627,
66,
7770,
398,
7066,
4395,
775,
430,
374,
1695,
323,
15525,
922,
433,
3432,
627,
4897,
1053,
387,
264,
65396,
11,
47379,
323,
40418,
11,
369,
5960,
13175,
627,
4683,
10722,
1,
4619,
11,
9396,
311,
430,
627,
13020,
596,
24084,
5557,
8752,
32302,
304,
279,
10913,
4563,
83536,
627,
51210,
279,
1314,
3245,
304,
279,
1314,
2035,
11,
279,
28591,
315,
66078,
627,
1820,
30835,
23462,
2536,
12,
37569,
5812,
6696,
2385,
4390,
27725,
5196,
311,
1440,
1148,
279,
-100
] |
3AW Breakfast with Ross and Russel
3AW Mornings
3AW Afternoons with Dee Dee
3AW Drive with Tom Elliott
Monday - Friday / 5:30am - 8:30am
3AW Breakfast with Ross and..
CLICK HERE to enter the 3AW Breakfast Rumour File, thanks to Mercedes-Benz Berwick
3AW Breakfast is Melbourne's favourite way to start the day, notching up more than 100 consecutive rating periods as radio's #1.
Join former lawyer Ross Stevenson and marketing guru Russel Howcroft as they parse the day's affairs with their razor sharp wit and a healthy dose of humour, along with interviews from experts to keep you informed.
The iconic Rumour File from 7am gives listeners the chance to anonymously spill the beans and break the news, and also win daily and weekly prizes, plus the annual grand prize — click above to learn more!
ALL Podcasts The Rumour File
The coastal town experiencing Victoria's fastest regional property price hike
Interest in beachside property within commuting distance has skyrocketed during COVID-19. Realestate.com.au's Regional Australia Report reveals house prices in beachfront suburbs have surged. Barwon Heads has seen Victoria's greatest regional price growth in recent years, with prices soaring by 624 per cent from 2000 to 2020. In 2000, the median house price in the town […]
Ross and Russel / 06/11/2020
Kate reviews: Spotlight on Melbourne's city bars
CITY BARS nickandnoras.com.au/melbourne gimlet.melbourne baramericano.com barlourinha.com.au Well, she's slowly opening up, dear Melbourne, and while we're definitely stretching our legs and wallets and trying to get to some to some of our favourites bars and eateries, the challenge is really there for operators in our unusually quiet CBD. Things get even tougher for city bars, […]
Expert says COVID-19 vaccine manufactured in Melbourne is 'quite likely' to be effective
Production of the world's most promising potential COVID-19 vaccine will begin in Melbourne on Monday, fuelling hopes that the leading drug candidate is nearing approval for human use. The first Melbourne-made doses of the drug developed by AstraZeneca and Oxford University will be ready in two months. The results of phase three human trials of […]
Search for South Yarra woman with amnesia
Police are calling for help to find missing woman Margaret Snowden. The 56-year-old was last seen leaving her house in South Yarra at about 2pm yesterday. She was wearing a striped top, jeans and a medical alert bracelet. It's not known where she was intending to go. Police have concerns for Margaret's welfare due to […]
Australia in 'a really strong position' as two more potential COVID-19 vaccines secured
Australia is edging closer to a successful vaccination program, with the securing of another 50 million doses of of two leading COVID-19 vaccine candidates. The federal government had signed two new agreements — one for 40 million units of a Novavax vaccine candidate and one for 10 million units of a Pfizer vaccine. The new […]
New test being developed to predict pre-term labour
A test is being developed by Melbourne researchers in the hope of being able to predict pregnant women likely to go in to have premature births to providing better care to pre-term babies. It's hoped a test could give doctors a better indication of the risk of going into early labour. Senior research fellow Dr […]
Ross and John / 13/02/2018
Growing body of research shows potential risks of arthroscopic knee surgery
Advice is mounting to warn Australians against arthroscopic knee surgery, especially for patients with osteoarthritis who are aged over 50. President of the Australian Rheumatology Association Professor Rachelle Buchbinder said it could be doing more harm than good. "We are talking to GPs and importantly to patients to say don't ask for a referral for […]
The public sector and their sickies: Is it us or them?
The average public sector worker takes nearly two more sickies than the average private sector worker. Why? Well, the Public Service Commissioner has told The Australian it's because private sector bosses are too tough when it comes to sick leave. But as Ross and John mooted, surely that means the opposite could also be true… Click […]
Using headphones right now? You should hear this warning
Australians have been warned about the lasting damage that can be done to your hearing after the release of new stats that show one in 10 people have their headphones playing too loud. "It's very damaging … because the damage is permanent," Simon David, audiologist manager for Bupa. "It's one of those things that creeps up […]
Kate and Justin / 18/12/2017
Baby boom: Why Victoria is leading the way
Victoria is in the midst of a baby boom, enjoying the biggest increase in birth rates of anywhere in Australia the past year. ABS data shows an extra 9324 births were recorded in 2016, taking the total to 82,892, which is nearly a 13 per cent jump on the previous year. But Professor Peter McDonald […]
Council worker threatened with knife after confronting owner of vicious dog
RUMOUR CONFIRMED A council worker and police have been threatened by the knife-wielding owner of a vicious dog. Following a dog attack on Sunday, a council worker attended the owner's Shepparton home, and was threatened with a knife. Police then attended the address on Monday, where they were allegedly forced to deploy OC spray on […]
RUMOUR CONFIRMED / 05/11/2020
Popular Victorian beachside campgrounds to remain closed until February
RUMOUR CONFIRMED Thousands of campers will be forced to make other arrangements this summer. Camping on the Mornington Peninsula foreshore has been declared off limits until at least February. Every foreshore camping site between Dromana and Sorrento is impacted. Anyone who had a booking has been informed by email. In the email informing those with […]
Father of boy targeted in brutal Hawthorn attack fears gang 'will end up killing someone'
The father of a boy attacked in Hawthorn park at the weekend says he fears the gang who targeted his son will "end up killing someone". In an early Rumour File report on Monday, Ross Stevenson said he'd been told a gang attacked schoolchildren at Rathmines Road Reserve. Police played down the conflict, revealing one […]
Rush on tickets as Melbourne's zoos reopen
RUMOUR CONFIRMED Melbourne's zoos have reopened post-lockdown, and they're doing a roaring trade. More than 1400 people in the online queue for Zoo tickets at one point on Wednesday, the first day the zoos reopened. "There was a few hours wait at some points in time," Melbourne Zoo Director Michelle Bruggeman told Ross and Russel. […]
Customers' dreams dashed as Liquorland refuses to honour beer bargain
THE RUMOUR FILE Many have been left bitterly disappointed as Liquorland has refused to honour sales of beer sold at bargain prices. The bottleshop was advertising Mountain Goat Steam Ale slabs at $59, but at the checkout a website glitch meant the slabs were being processed for the heavily discounted price of $17.50 a slab. […]
The Rumour File / 28/10/2020
Must listen podcasts
Circular dating: Rebecca Andrews has been dating like a man
Rebecca Andrews found herself in her mid-30s and single. Something had to change, so she tried "dating like a man". Circular dating is openly dating several people at a time. At one stage she had five guys going within one week. It's exhausting, but she swears by it. But is she still single? Click PLAY […]
Ross and Russel / 08:39
'Please come back!': Salvos plea as online buy, swap, selling hits hard
3AW Breakfast / 03:51
Ross and John learn of the 'iced' taxi driver with no uniform on
Loading map data | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 3,964 | [
128000,
18,
14757,
44291,
449,
21116,
323,
4608,
301,
198,
18,
14757,
386,
52785,
198,
18,
14757,
4740,
2201,
2439,
449,
56004,
56004,
198,
18,
14757,
16542,
449,
8529,
48644,
198,
36339,
482,
6740,
611,
220,
20,
25,
966,
309,
482,
220,
23,
25,
966,
309,
198,
18,
14757,
44291,
449,
21116,
323,
35047,
65123,
19804,
311,
3810,
279,
220,
18,
14757,
44291,
46332,
414,
2958,
11,
9523,
311,
34328,
63321,
9084,
21878,
198,
18,
14757,
44291,
374,
27535,
596,
19214,
1648,
311,
1212,
279,
1938,
11,
539,
28075,
709,
810,
1109,
220,
1041,
24871,
10959,
18852,
439,
9063,
596,
674,
16,
627,
12572,
4846,
15779,
21116,
83048,
323,
8661,
60526,
4608,
301,
2650,
82793,
439,
814,
4820,
279,
1938,
596,
22747,
449,
872,
60230,
17676,
38467,
323
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
18,
14757,
44291,
449,
21116,
323,
4608,
301,
198,
18,
14757,
386,
52785,
198,
18,
14757,
4740,
2201,
2439,
449,
56004,
56004,
198,
18,
14757,
16542,
449,
8529,
48644,
198,
36339,
482,
6740,
611,
220,
20,
25,
966,
309,
482,
220,
23,
25,
966,
309,
198,
18,
14757,
44291,
449,
21116,
323,
35047,
65123,
19804,
311,
3810,
279,
220,
18,
14757,
44291,
46332,
414,
2958,
11,
9523,
311,
34328,
63321,
9084,
21878,
198,
18,
14757,
44291,
374,
27535,
596,
19214,
1648,
311,
1212,
279,
1938,
11,
539,
28075,
709,
810,
1109,
220,
1041,
24871,
10959,
18852,
439,
9063,
596,
674,
16,
627,
12572,
4846,
15779,
21116,
83048,
323,
8661,
60526,
4608,
301,
2650,
82793,
439,
814,
4820,
279,
1938,
596,
22747,
449,
872,
60230,
17676,
38467,
323,
-100
] |
I love musical theater and Evita is my absolute favorite. But from the first notes, this performance was a disappointment. The orchestra was rushed, the trumpets were flat and the voice of Che was weak and uninspired. Evita was shrill and honestly hard to listen to. I could go on, but just know we were not the only guests to leave at intermission.
Not happy with Saturday night's show of Evita. As a life long fan of the musical, I was thrilled to be seeing it live in Toledo. From the moment the show began I was disappointed. The cast seemed to be auditioning of American Idol rather than singing a piece by Andrew Lloyd Weber. I joked that we should have seen a community theatre show instead but that's just not nice to say about community theatre. My money would have been much better spent elsewhere.
It seemed the only dynamic was forte and you couldn't understand a thing they said. The orchestra was loud, the singers were loud, Evita was shrill and I actually had to cover my ears frequently to soften it so it wouldn't hurt. I was looking forward to my daughter seeing Evita the first time. But she didn't understand anything that was going on because it was rushed and chaotic. I don't know if the sound board was off, the director's interpretation was off or what, but it was terrible. I wanted to leave at intermission but we stuck it out hoping it would get better. Bad decision. Finally later that week I rented Evita and she cried and loved the story. FYI I have been a season ticket holder for many years, a voice major in college and play piano. I have generally loved or at least appreciated every show I have seen at the Kansas City Broadway series until now.
The above three 1 star reviews are ALL true. May change my mind about attending any of the shows next year in fear that this show may be a sign of things to come.
The whole play would have made more sense to someone who hadn't seen it if they had kept the funeral scene in; after all, Evita's hatred of the middle class is the whole underpinning of the story. Later in the narrative, instead of bombs and marches and destruction, this production used a backdrop of factories and workers. It was interesting to see another viewpoint, but detracted from the point that Evita was at her threshold of power while everything was falling apart for everyone else; that was the dynamic that I think was missing from this version.
The plot was hard to follow and Eva's voice was shrill and loud. Since the entire play is done through song, it's important to make sure the audience can understand the words the performers are singing, which we couldn't. And every time Eva sang it actually hurt my ears. Also, this might just be nitpicky, but I was sitting on the end of an aisle, and the curtain wasn't opened all the way, so every time they did anything on stage right, I couldn't see it.
Seen Evita? Loved it? Hated it?
Sound good to you? Share this page on social media and let your friends know about Evita at Robinson Center Performance Hall. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 6,620 | [
128000,
40,
3021,
18273,
27803,
323,
10641,
6388,
374,
856,
10973,
7075,
13,
2030,
505,
279,
1176,
8554,
11,
420,
5178,
574,
264,
41698,
13,
578,
69155,
574,
33341,
11,
279,
39155,
1441,
1051,
10269,
323,
279,
7899,
315,
8602,
574,
7621,
323,
66203,
11986,
13,
10641,
6388,
574,
14362,
484,
323,
27136,
2653,
311,
9020,
311,
13,
358,
1436,
733,
389,
11,
719,
1120,
1440,
584,
1051,
539,
279,
1193,
15051,
311,
5387,
520,
958,
2796,
627,
2688,
6380,
449,
7884,
3814,
596,
1501,
315,
10641,
6388,
13,
1666,
264,
2324,
1317,
8571,
315,
279,
18273,
11,
358,
574,
38564,
311,
387,
9298,
433,
3974,
304,
73377,
13,
5659,
279,
4545,
279,
1501,
6137,
358,
574,
25406,
13,
578,
6445,
9508,
311,
387,
62988,
287,
315,
3778
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
40,
3021,
18273,
27803,
323,
10641,
6388,
374,
856,
10973,
7075,
13,
2030,
505,
279,
1176,
8554,
11,
420,
5178,
574,
264,
41698,
13,
578,
69155,
574,
33341,
11,
279,
39155,
1441,
1051,
10269,
323,
279,
7899,
315,
8602,
574,
7621,
323,
66203,
11986,
13,
10641,
6388,
574,
14362,
484,
323,
27136,
2653,
311,
9020,
311,
13,
358,
1436,
733,
389,
11,
719,
1120,
1440,
584,
1051,
539,
279,
1193,
15051,
311,
5387,
520,
958,
2796,
627,
2688,
6380,
449,
7884,
3814,
596,
1501,
315,
10641,
6388,
13,
1666,
264,
2324,
1317,
8571,
315,
279,
18273,
11,
358,
574,
38564,
311,
387,
9298,
433,
3974,
304,
73377,
13,
5659,
279,
4545,
279,
1501,
6137,
358,
574,
25406,
13,
578,
6445,
9508,
311,
387,
62988,
287,
315,
3778,
-100
] |
Join the Community Media Center for an Open House this Saturday
Grand Rapids Community Media Center will host an Open House on July 21 to give community members a chance to dive into our storytelling platforms. There will also be a free showing of Coco beginning at 2:30 p.m.
Inaugural Three Stacks Music Festival to be held in Lansing Saturday
The first annual Three Stacks Music Festival in Lansing, Michigan will feature punk and alternative rock performances from both local and international bands.
Dyer-Ives founder John R. Hunting reflects on 50 years of Kent County poetry
Though the Dyer-Ives foundation closed its doors in 2016, the poetry competition it sponsored continues to recognize excellence in Kent County poets.
Father's Day Electronics Recycling Event at Comprenew
In celebration of Father's Day, Comprenew is inviting families to come dismantle electronics for recycling and learn more about the hazards of e-waste.
New show 'Space School' coming to public museum's planetarium
Beginning Saturday, June 16, 2018 at the Grand Rapids Public Museum's Chaffee Planetarium, Space School, will feature astronauts training underwater for working in space.
Lass Laugh Comedy Festival makes its debut this month
Kristin Hirsch thought up the idea of Lass Laugh, and Amy Gascon believed in this vision and wanted to help bring it to light. The community for Lass Laugh started building long before opening night.
Screening of 'Nor Any Drop to Drink: The Flint Water Crisis' in Grand Rapids
The documentary will be shown Thursday, April 19 at 6 p.m. at Kindschi Hall of Science (KHS), Grand Valley University, Allendale Campus. This is an opportunity for Grand Rapids to learn more about the Flint Water Crisis and engage around issues of environmental justice.
Spring brings opportunities to support local, independent radio
WYCE's Spring Fund Drive begins Friday, April 20, 2018 and is followed by a programmer training orientation and the National Federation for Community Broadcasters Midwest Summit.
Eighth annual Grand Rapids Latin American Film Festival held at Wealthy Theatre
Directors Gustavo Rondon and Catalina Mesa speak on behalf of their films and the festival as a whole, as well as it's crucial importance to the community.
Creative Youth Center publishes seventh anthology
Anna Geurkink sits down with Executive Director Kristin Brace of Grand Rapids Creative Youth Center. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 4,448 | [
128000,
12572,
279,
12332,
7972,
5955,
369,
459,
5377,
4783,
420,
7884,
198,
41251,
55286,
12332,
7972,
5955,
690,
3552,
459,
5377,
4783,
389,
5887,
220,
1691,
311,
3041,
4029,
3697,
264,
6140,
311,
30963,
1139,
1057,
48929,
15771,
13,
2684,
690,
1101,
387,
264,
1949,
9204,
315,
84482,
7314,
520,
220,
17,
25,
966,
281,
749,
627,
644,
19729,
4269,
14853,
800,
7977,
10948,
17772,
311,
387,
5762,
304,
97584,
7884,
198,
791,
1176,
9974,
14853,
800,
7977,
10948,
17772,
304,
97584,
11,
14972,
690,
4668,
36858,
323,
10778,
7091,
24601,
505,
2225,
2254,
323,
6625,
21562,
627,
35,
27253,
22197,
2396,
19533,
3842,
432,
13,
45354,
27053,
389,
220,
1135,
1667,
315,
18206,
6406,
32349,
198,
27831,
279,
423,
27253,
22197,
2396,
16665,
8036,
1202,
14365
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
12572,
279,
12332,
7972,
5955,
369,
459,
5377,
4783,
420,
7884,
198,
41251,
55286,
12332,
7972,
5955,
690,
3552,
459,
5377,
4783,
389,
5887,
220,
1691,
311,
3041,
4029,
3697,
264,
6140,
311,
30963,
1139,
1057,
48929,
15771,
13,
2684,
690,
1101,
387,
264,
1949,
9204,
315,
84482,
7314,
520,
220,
17,
25,
966,
281,
749,
627,
644,
19729,
4269,
14853,
800,
7977,
10948,
17772,
311,
387,
5762,
304,
97584,
7884,
198,
791,
1176,
9974,
14853,
800,
7977,
10948,
17772,
304,
97584,
11,
14972,
690,
4668,
36858,
323,
10778,
7091,
24601,
505,
2225,
2254,
323,
6625,
21562,
627,
35,
27253,
22197,
2396,
19533,
3842,
432,
13,
45354,
27053,
389,
220,
1135,
1667,
315,
18206,
6406,
32349,
198,
27831,
279,
423,
27253,
22197,
2396,
16665,
8036,
1202,
14365,
-100
] |
<?php
use DTS\eBaySDK\Shopping\Services\ShoppingService;
use DTS\eBaySDK\HttpClient\HttpClient;
class ShoppingServiceTest extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
protected function setUp()
{
$this->service1 = new ShoppingService();
$this->service2 = new ShoppingService(array());
$this->service3 = new ShoppingService(array(), new HttpClient());
}
public function testCanBeCreated()
{
$this->assertInstanceOf('\DTS\eBaySDK\Shopping\Services\ShoppingService', $this->service1);
$this->assertInstanceOf('\DTS\eBaySDK\Shopping\Services\ShoppingService', $this->service2);
$this->assertInstanceOf('\DTS\eBaySDK\Shopping\Services\ShoppingService', $this->service3);
}
public function testExtendsBaseService()
{
$this->assertInstanceOf('\DTS\eBaySDK\Shopping\Services\ShoppingBaseService', $this->service1);
$this->assertInstanceOf('\DTS\eBaySDK\Shopping\Services\ShoppingBaseService', $this->service2);
$this->assertInstanceOf('\DTS\eBaySDK\Shopping\Services\ShoppingBaseService', $this->service3);
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} | 2,963 | [
128000,
1340,
1230,
271,
817,
423,
10155,
68449,
23407,
32634,
59,
50970,
55846,
59,
50970,
1898,
280,
817,
423,
10155,
68449,
23407,
32634,
7196,
3032,
7196,
3032,
401,
1058,
30064,
1898,
2323,
2289,
1144,
71941,
63095,
88829,
198,
517,
262,
2682,
734,
19133,
746,
262,
341,
286,
400,
576,
405,
8095,
16,
284,
502,
30064,
1898,
545,
286,
400,
576,
405,
8095,
17,
284,
502,
30064,
1898,
6238,
1449,
286,
400,
576,
405,
8095,
18,
284,
502,
30064,
1898,
6238,
1535,
502,
19191,
1449,
262,
557,
262,
586,
734,
1296,
70685,
11956,
746,
262,
341,
286,
400,
576,
405,
64280,
11270,
35,
10155,
68449,
23407,
32634,
59,
50970,
55846,
59,
50970,
1898,
518,
400,
576,
405,
8095,
16,
317,
286,
400,
576,
405,
64280,
11270,
35,
10155,
68449
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
1340,
1230,
271,
817,
423,
10155,
68449,
23407,
32634,
59,
50970,
55846,
59,
50970,
1898,
280,
817,
423,
10155,
68449,
23407,
32634,
7196,
3032,
7196,
3032,
401,
1058,
30064,
1898,
2323,
2289,
1144,
71941,
63095,
88829,
198,
517,
262,
2682,
734,
19133,
746,
262,
341,
286,
400,
576,
405,
8095,
16,
284,
502,
30064,
1898,
545,
286,
400,
576,
405,
8095,
17,
284,
502,
30064,
1898,
6238,
1449,
286,
400,
576,
405,
8095,
18,
284,
502,
30064,
1898,
6238,
1535,
502,
19191,
1449,
262,
557,
262,
586,
734,
1296,
70685,
11956,
746,
262,
341,
286,
400,
576,
405,
64280,
11270,
35,
10155,
68449,
23407,
32634,
59,
50970,
55846,
59,
50970,
1898,
518,
400,
576,
405,
8095,
16,
317,
286,
400,
576,
405,
64280,
11270,
35,
10155,
68449,
-100
] |
The Nong Bua Seafood Restaurant is one of those Koh Chang restaurants that epitomizes the concept of speedy service, with a strong contingent of well rehearsed staff that account some of the quickest service rates the island has to offer.
While the culinary and dining experiences vary in their reviews, the general conclusion, which can be drawn out of the varying degrees of satisfaction, is that timing is the key factor to your enjoyment of your dining experience at Nong Bua.
Those who are seeking a complete dining experience should be prepared to settle for a bit less, but less in terms of the atmosphere and surroundings only, as the food, which is the key area of focus, more than makes up for any other shortcomings the place may or may not have.
The best time to go to the Nong Bua Seafood Restaurant is during the off-peak times. These times vary according to season, so a bit of trial and error might be in order. Off-peak times are simply the best because of the military style efficiency of the staff. When the place is packed, there is more proneness for food prepared in a manner which could leave a little to be desired, with focus more on speed than anything else, in a bid to keep everybody happy.
If you insist on dining during the peak hours, then you best go with food types that aren't all that labor intensive to prepare and are not at the upper end of the specialty spectrum. A nice barbequed crab or fish dish would be ideal for such situations, but nothing all too exotic to speak of.
If practicality is your main motivation for your next Koh Chang dining experience, then Nong Bua Seafood will do very well to fit the bill – modest pricing too. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 4,246 | [
128000,
791,
452,
647,
426,
4381,
15379,
14239,
26568,
374,
832,
315,
1884,
34975,
44472,
15926,
430,
67422,
316,
4861,
279,
7434,
315,
66583,
2532,
11,
449,
264,
3831,
59575,
315,
1664,
48306,
18604,
5687,
430,
2759,
1063,
315,
279,
81610,
2532,
7969,
279,
13218,
706,
311,
3085,
627,
8142,
279,
58441,
323,
18397,
11704,
13592,
304,
872,
8544,
11,
279,
4689,
17102,
11,
902,
649,
387,
15107,
704,
315,
279,
29865,
12628,
315,
24617,
11,
374,
430,
18912,
374,
279,
1401,
8331,
311,
701,
45278,
315,
701,
18397,
3217,
520,
452,
647,
426,
4381,
627,
23025,
889,
527,
11125,
264,
4686,
18397,
3217,
1288,
387,
10235,
311,
25760,
369,
264,
2766,
2753,
11,
719,
2753,
304,
3878,
315,
279,
16975,
323,
40190,
1193,
11,
439,
279,
3691
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
791,
452,
647,
426,
4381,
15379,
14239,
26568,
374,
832,
315,
1884,
34975,
44472,
15926,
430,
67422,
316,
4861,
279,
7434,
315,
66583,
2532,
11,
449,
264,
3831,
59575,
315,
1664,
48306,
18604,
5687,
430,
2759,
1063,
315,
279,
81610,
2532,
7969,
279,
13218,
706,
311,
3085,
627,
8142,
279,
58441,
323,
18397,
11704,
13592,
304,
872,
8544,
11,
279,
4689,
17102,
11,
902,
649,
387,
15107,
704,
315,
279,
29865,
12628,
315,
24617,
11,
374,
430,
18912,
374,
279,
1401,
8331,
311,
701,
45278,
315,
701,
18397,
3217,
520,
452,
647,
426,
4381,
627,
23025,
889,
527,
11125,
264,
4686,
18397,
3217,
1288,
387,
10235,
311,
25760,
369,
264,
2766,
2753,
11,
719,
2753,
304,
3878,
315,
279,
16975,
323,
40190,
1193,
11,
439,
279,
3691,
-100
] |
Man in court over Dunmow double stabbing
Published: 4:15 PM May 12, 2016 Updated: 8:21 AM November 1, 2020
- Credit: Archant
A Dunmow man told a court today (May 12) of an alleged attack involving another man in which he claims he was stabbed twice in separate incidents 20 minutes apart.
Ryan Scott, who was 18 at the time of the alleged incidents in Dunmow, said the first blow to his leg felt like a "wasp sting", but the second left him covered in blood and requiring six stitches.
He was giving evidence at Chelmsford Crown Court in the trial of Reece Pridmore, 21, of Elwood, Harlow, who has pleaded not guilty to assault causing actual bodily harm, wounding with intent and having a bladed article in July last year.
Mr Scott was taken to Broomfield Hospital in Chelmsford after the second incident, and was then off work for six weeks, the court heard.
He said he and Mr Pridmore had met twice in the street after he had been in contact with Mr Pridmore's girlfriend, who he had known from his schooldays.
Mr Scott told the jury he had never been "boyfriend-girlfriend" with the girl, but had been in contact with her on Facebook, and the pair had said they would meet up without arranging a date.
Mr Scott said that Mr Pridmore contacted him by phone on July 31 and they arranged to meet up, and when they did Mr Pridmore accused him of "messing with my girlfriend" and pulled out a knife.
9 MasterChef winner Chef Webb's lockdown recipe
10 Two Covid swab kit sites open in Uttlesford
After the first blow to his leg, which he said "felt like a wasp sting", Mr Scott said he drove to a friend's house, but received another call from Mr Pridmore and the pair met up again at Upper Mill Fields 20 minutes later.
He said they began "shouting and swearing," and he was then stabbed in the back.
Mr Scott said: "I felt a warm sensation in my back and could see a lot of blood. It went all down my body and onto the floor. It was on my jumper, shorts, socks and trainers.
"I felt shocked and said, 'you stabbed me, you stabbed me.' I started to move back to my car because I was losing so much blood I needed help. I was scared.
"I saw a guy who helped me. He took me to his front garden - I was still standing - and laid me down. I felt faint and cold. I was bleeding a lot. An ambulance came."
Stephen Mather, prosecuting, said: "The issue is how those injuries were caused. There is no dispute the two met, Mr Scott was admitted to hospital and was treated there."
The trial continues
Police seek witnesses to two vehicle collision | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 7,658 | [
128000,
1692,
304,
5590,
927,
29838,
76,
363,
2033,
72022,
198,
29986,
25,
220,
19,
25,
868,
5975,
3297,
220,
717,
11,
220,
679,
21,
16459,
25,
220,
23,
25,
1691,
6912,
6841,
220,
16,
11,
220,
2366,
15,
198,
12,
16666,
25,
9683,
519,
198,
32,
29838,
76,
363,
893,
3309,
264,
5590,
3432,
320,
11356,
220,
717,
8,
315,
459,
10711,
3440,
16239,
2500,
893,
304,
902,
568,
8349,
568,
574,
51280,
11157,
304,
8821,
24455,
220,
508,
4520,
10980,
627,
49546,
10016,
11,
889,
574,
220,
972,
520,
279,
892,
315,
279,
10711,
24455,
304,
29838,
76,
363,
11,
1071,
279,
1176,
12523,
311,
813,
2531,
6612,
1093,
264,
330,
86,
13671,
55413,
498,
719,
279,
2132,
2163,
1461,
9960,
304,
6680,
323,
23537,
4848
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
1692,
304,
5590,
927,
29838,
76,
363,
2033,
72022,
198,
29986,
25,
220,
19,
25,
868,
5975,
3297,
220,
717,
11,
220,
679,
21,
16459,
25,
220,
23,
25,
1691,
6912,
6841,
220,
16,
11,
220,
2366,
15,
198,
12,
16666,
25,
9683,
519,
198,
32,
29838,
76,
363,
893,
3309,
264,
5590,
3432,
320,
11356,
220,
717,
8,
315,
459,
10711,
3440,
16239,
2500,
893,
304,
902,
568,
8349,
568,
574,
51280,
11157,
304,
8821,
24455,
220,
508,
4520,
10980,
627,
49546,
10016,
11,
889,
574,
220,
972,
520,
279,
892,
315,
279,
10711,
24455,
304,
29838,
76,
363,
11,
1071,
279,
1176,
12523,
311,
813,
2531,
6612,
1093,
264,
330,
86,
13671,
55413,
498,
719,
279,
2132,
2163,
1461,
9960,
304,
6680,
323,
23537,
4848,
-100
] |
From now on, my tweets are ephemeral. Here's why I'm deleting all my old tweets and the AWS Lambda function that does it for free.
I've only been a one-bag nomad for a little over a year and a half. Before that, I lived as most people do in an apartment or a house. I owned furniture, more clothing than I strictly needed, and enough "stuff" to fill at least a few moving boxes. If I went to live somewhere else, moving for school or family or work, I packed up all my things and brought them with me. Over the years, I accumulated more and more stuff.
Adopting what many would call a minimalist lifestyle has rapidly changed a lot of my longstanding views. Giving away all my stuff (an idea I once thought to be interesting in principle but practically a little bit ridiculous) has become normal. It's normal for me, now, to not own things that I don't use on a regular basis. I don't keep wall shelves packed with old books or dishes or clothing or childhood toys because those items aren't relevant to me anymore. I just keep fond memories, instead.
Imagine, for a moment, that I still lived in a house. Imagine that in that house, on the fridge, is a drawing I made when I was six-years-old. In the bottom right corner of that drawing scribbled in green crayon are the words "broccoli is dumb - Victoria, Age 6."
If you were in my house and saw that drawing on the fridge, would you assume that the statement "broccoli is dumb" comprised an accurate and current account of my opinions on broccoli? Of course not. I was six when I wrote that. I've had plenty of time to change my mind.
I have a friend whom I've known since we were both in kindergarten. We went through grade school together, then spoke to and saw each other on infrequent occasions across the years. We're both adults now. Sometimes when we chat, we'll recall some amusing memory from when we were younger. The nature of memory being what it is, I have no illusion that what we recall is recounted with much accuracy. Our impressions of things that happened - mistakes we made and moments of victory alike - are coloured by the experiences we've had since then, and all the things we've learned. An awkward moment at a school colleague's birthday party becomes an example of a child learning to socialize, instead of the world-ending moment of embarrassment it probably felt like at the time.
Social media does not do this. Your perfectly preserved tweet from five days or five years ago can be recalled with absolute accuracy. For most people, this is not particularly worrying. We tend to tweet about pretty mundane things - things that pop into mind when we're bored and want someone to notice us. Individually, usually, our old tweets are pretty insignificant. In aggregate, however, they paint a pretty complete picture of a person's random, unintentionally telling thoughts. This is the problem.
The assumption made of things written in social media and on Twitter specifically is a very different assumption than you might make about someone's notepad scribble from last week. I'm not endeavoring to speculate why - I've just seen enough cases of someone getting publicly flogged for something they posted years ago to know that it does happen. This is weird. If you wouldn't assume that a notepad scribble from last week or a crayon drawing from decades ago reflects the essence of who someone is now, why would you assume that an old tweet does?
You are not the same person you were last month - you've seen things, read things, understood and learned things that have, in some small way, changed you. While a person may have the same sense of self and identity through most of their life, even this grows and changes over the years. We change our opinions, our desires, our habits. We are not stagnant beings, and we should not let ourselves be represented as such, however unintentionally.
If you look at my Twitter profile page today, you'll see fewer tweets there than you have fingers (I hope). I'm using ephemeral - a lightweight utility I wrote for use on AWS Lambda - to delete all my tweets older than a few days. I'm doing this for the same reason that I don't hang on to stuff that I no longer use - that stuff isn't relevant to me anymore. It doesn't represent me, either.
The program uses the anaconda library. It fetches your timeline up to the Twitter API's limit of 200 tweets per request, then compares each tweet's date of creation to your MAX_TWEET_AGE variable to decide whether it's old enough to be deleted. After deleting all the expired tweets, the Lambda function terminates.
I forked ephemeral from Adam Drake's Harold, a Twitter tool that has many useful functions beyond keeping your timeline trimmed. If you have more than 200 tweets to delete at first pass, please use Harold to do that first. You can run Harold with the deletetimeline flag from your terminal.
For sentiment, you may like to download all your tweets before deleting them.
I use it as a way to keep tabs on what's happening right now. I use it to comment on, joke about, and commiserate with things tweeted by the people I follow right now. By keeping my timeline restricted to only the most recent few days, I feel like I'm using Twitter more like it was meant to be used: a way to join the conversation and see what's happening in the world right now - instead of just another place to amass more "stuff."
I have completely forgotten what some of my old tweets might have been. I'm pretty sure young Ben was pretty sensible but I really can't remember.
I may just have to make use of this myself.
I have way too many tweets (around 12k, I'm not kidding and my account is 9 years old). I'm going to consider everything you said and probably start deleting the first few years. By memory I have no idea what the heck I had been yapping about in 2009 so why keep it there?
On the technical side: thanks for reminding me that I need to get more acquainted with Lambda.
I'm a remote developer. I donated most of my clothes twice already but I can't find myself to go full Marie Kondo on my things. I'm definitely aware of this issue and after having been in the same city for a few years now I look around and see that I own too much stuff.
I find that my perspective is clearest when I'm about to leave one location for another, and when I've just arrived somewhere new. The experience of change really forces you to consider what (more than just tangible things) is really necessary and helpful to your own life.
I am a big fan of your writing and storytelling. Excellent article Vicky! I love your philosophy on Twitter and the reasons you have to erase old tweets. After reading it, I feel like all tweets should have an expiration.
Unfortunately, it means that people who have liked or retweeted things you have posted now lose access to that information. I followed one person whose Twitter feed was a gold mine of information and who decided to delete their entire Twitter account. That was a great loss to the software development community. He's back on Twitter now, but I don't follow him anymore.
Thankfully there (1) are (2) options (3) for automatically saving things you like on Twitter to accounts in your control. With a little ingenuity, you can also roll your own program to do this (maybe not with Lambda, though).
That said, still my favorite and most reliable form of saving information is taking notes on paper. Writing also helps you internalize the information, so that's a double win.
Not just information but conversations. I have several friends who I used to enjoy a conversation with on social media, which are a strange one-sided affair now they've deleted their accounts. It almost feels like a betrayal that someone gets to veto a shared experience like that.
You make a really good point on the perspective of old tweets. So many celebs, YouTubers, etc that I follow end up having a story on them because of a tweet that they may not even remember, nor agree with now because, yes, we change. All the time.
Hey Ryan! If you download your twitter data at the link I mentioned, you'll have a local archive of your tweets that you can browse by year and month. I'm glad you like the post!
This is a very cool idea and for some, likely a much more reasonable one than simply leaving Twitter entirely. Thanks for sharing!
Personally I enjoy looking back at old stuff occasionally, and it comes really handy when I can just search for that memory "from somewhere in 2013 that I don't recall precisely but I tweeted about it for sure".
But if I were to do it still, the Mastodon instance Pawoo.jp I use has a feature to expire posts built-in.
This is fantastic Vicky, thanks so much!
Great one, also the reasoning totally makes sense!
Also, you may specify a list of Id's to keep.
I am thinking of doing the same in more places (facebook, instagram for example). Instead of just deleting, backup and delete "just in case" | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 2,301 | [
128000,
3915,
1457,
389,
11,
856,
24025,
527,
83234,
3333,
13,
5810,
596,
3249,
358,
2846,
34111,
682,
856,
2362,
24025,
323,
279,
24124,
45621,
734,
430,
1587,
433,
369,
1949,
627,
40,
3077,
1193,
1027,
264,
832,
1481,
351,
9859,
329,
369,
264,
2697,
927,
264,
1060,
323,
264,
4376,
13,
13538,
430,
11,
358,
12439,
439,
1455,
1274,
656,
304,
459,
13455,
477,
264,
3838,
13,
358,
13234,
14891,
11,
810,
17895,
1109,
358,
26549,
4460,
11,
323,
3403,
330,
58404,
1,
311,
5266,
520,
3325,
264,
2478,
7366,
15039,
13,
1442,
358,
4024,
311,
3974,
15038,
775,
11,
7366,
369,
2978,
477,
3070,
477,
990,
11,
358,
19937,
709,
682,
856,
2574,
323,
7263,
1124,
449,
757,
13,
6193,
279,
1667,
11,
358,
41165,
810
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
3915,
1457,
389,
11,
856,
24025,
527,
83234,
3333,
13,
5810,
596,
3249,
358,
2846,
34111,
682,
856,
2362,
24025,
323,
279,
24124,
45621,
734,
430,
1587,
433,
369,
1949,
627,
40,
3077,
1193,
1027,
264,
832,
1481,
351,
9859,
329,
369,
264,
2697,
927,
264,
1060,
323,
264,
4376,
13,
13538,
430,
11,
358,
12439,
439,
1455,
1274,
656,
304,
459,
13455,
477,
264,
3838,
13,
358,
13234,
14891,
11,
810,
17895,
1109,
358,
26549,
4460,
11,
323,
3403,
330,
58404,
1,
311,
5266,
520,
3325,
264,
2478,
7366,
15039,
13,
1442,
358,
4024,
311,
3974,
15038,
775,
11,
7366,
369,
2978,
477,
3070,
477,
990,
11,
358,
19937,
709,
682,
856,
2574,
323,
7263,
1124,
449,
757,
13,
6193,
279,
1667,
11,
358,
41165,
810,
-100
] |
PORTIMÃO PARISH COUNCIL
The city is an historical process which cannot be stopped, but must tamed and led to develop orderly. The idea of organizing a public competition for the new headquarters by the Parish Council of Portimão constitutes an opportunity to trigger the regeneration of the built fabric in the downtown area of Portimão, since this is a public service of great visibility and importance for the population and the project can act as example on the matters of rehabilitating an existing building inserted in a dense fabric.
The existing building (in derelict condition) was indistinctive and poorly built. It has, however, an identity of its own which could never repeat itself and that we believe it should be re-established through the treatment of the existing elements and the reinterpretation of its current implantation in the urban fabric, what Peter Smithson calls "Knitting and Fitting". " Architecture is the integration in something that already exists, it's only about adding to and enhancing the place".
IMPACT OF THE NEW PROGRAMME
The existing building, which served different purposes, e.g. post office and red cross delegation, and had different styles in its construction which were contaminated during the years, implies the selection of the existing spaces to accommodate the new program. According to the Portuguese Heritage (IPPAR), the roof's material, inclination and profile are maintained, in spite of being rebuilt. Conversely, we consider that there are no decorative elements, such as carved ceilings and panels with enough quality to require preservation at all cost. The memory and the character of the building are maintained through retrofitting the rammed earth walls, wood shutters, doors, and windows.
The removal of existing ceilings will allow a full usage of the interior's bulk and a visual openness much more suited to the installation of the main services to the public. This design option is in keep with the energetic efficiency and sustainable principles established for the whole project, because a higher floor-to-ceiling allows a more efficient air displacement and a better internal air quality.
The basement is to have the existing floor lowered to achieve a floor-to-ceiling height within the regulations. These offices have a direct access from the street and are destined to social workers receiving people and working rooms for staff. The increase in basement area is from 138m2 to 360m2, and it involves making new foundations and consolidating the existing walls with wafers of projected concrete.
ACCESSIBLE BUILDING
As the main office for the Parish Council of Portimão, the biggest in the Algarve serving over 50.000 people, the matter of access for disabled was crucial, and it was aimed to become a good practice display. For this reason, the different interior levels were structured so that an accessible path could be a reality from the main entrance to the garden.
The odd levels found in the interior were already disfigurements from the original design. This way setting out a constant level in the entire building re-establishes that condition. Apart from the main entrance, we will have a direct entrance to the basement from Rua Dr. Ernesto Cabrita, were the technical staff offices are located, the attendance offices and the Working offices o are located around the central courtyard with 3 storeys.
The garden with its café and esplanade should become a pleasant space for the users taking care of their business at the Junta allowing a closer approach to its citizens, particularly with the younger generations to the Junta's activities.
Outside working areas the access is made through the exterior staircase and the accessible path is made through the elevator with a dedicated atrium preventing the users access to the staff offices and meeting rooms.
Maintaining the existing courtyard, landscaping it and transforming it, is a fundamental aspect of the proposal, given the unusual and unexpected character of such gathering place in the context of a dense urban fabric
We see the garden as an extension of the building itself, which is why the cafeteria is designed in a galley-like typology to provide service both to clients inside the building as well as from the garden esplanade. The multi-purpose room has, in one of its ends, a full-width floor to ceiling glass window which allows a direct view to the garden and constitutes a natural set which may be used in many different ways by the audiences.
The garden will be rehabilitated and replanted keeping in mind the memory of the existing fruit trees, making way to external recreational area, serving the staff, the public and users of specific activities.
Basement and Ground floor
First floor and roof
Junta de Freguesia de Portimão – Public Competition – Awarded 3rd Prize
António Miguel Ferreira
Delfim Martins
Fernando Andrade
Marcos Gomes
Proconsel
Carla Lopes
Carlos Oliveira
building concept - the architects collaborative, Portugal website by treffediffers 2012 | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 5,741 | [
128000,
5205,
1829,
53228,
27173,
16849,
356,
5152,
34,
1750,
198,
791,
3363,
374,
459,
13970,
1920,
902,
4250,
387,
10717,
11,
719,
2011,
259,
3690,
323,
6197,
311,
2274,
85869,
13,
578,
4623,
315,
35821,
264,
586,
10937,
369,
279,
502,
26097,
555,
279,
60347,
9251,
315,
5896,
318,
3496,
42675,
459,
6776,
311,
8346,
279,
60517,
315,
279,
5918,
13354,
304,
279,
19441,
3158,
315,
5896,
318,
3496,
11,
2533,
420,
374,
264,
586,
2532,
315,
2294,
24035,
323,
12939,
369,
279,
7187,
323,
279,
2447,
649,
1180,
439,
3187,
389,
279,
13146,
315,
27876,
76254,
459,
6484,
4857,
22306,
304,
264,
29050,
13354,
627,
791,
6484,
4857,
320,
258,
2761,
301,
858,
3044,
8,
574,
1280,
380,
7956,
535,
323,
31555,
5918,
13,
1102,
706
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
5205,
1829,
53228,
27173,
16849,
356,
5152,
34,
1750,
198,
791,
3363,
374,
459,
13970,
1920,
902,
4250,
387,
10717,
11,
719,
2011,
259,
3690,
323,
6197,
311,
2274,
85869,
13,
578,
4623,
315,
35821,
264,
586,
10937,
369,
279,
502,
26097,
555,
279,
60347,
9251,
315,
5896,
318,
3496,
42675,
459,
6776,
311,
8346,
279,
60517,
315,
279,
5918,
13354,
304,
279,
19441,
3158,
315,
5896,
318,
3496,
11,
2533,
420,
374,
264,
586,
2532,
315,
2294,
24035,
323,
12939,
369,
279,
7187,
323,
279,
2447,
649,
1180,
439,
3187,
389,
279,
13146,
315,
27876,
76254,
459,
6484,
4857,
22306,
304,
264,
29050,
13354,
627,
791,
6484,
4857,
320,
258,
2761,
301,
858,
3044,
8,
574,
1280,
380,
7956,
535,
323,
31555,
5918,
13,
1102,
706,
-100
] |
I've got every stub for every show I've been to except for both Fenway shows, was only given online. Looking for any ticket stubs from both nights...thanks!!
I took a snapshot of my mobile ticket and then printed it. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 1,432 | [
128000,
40,
3077,
2751,
1475,
13947,
369,
1475,
1501,
358,
3077,
1027,
311,
3734,
369,
2225,
45406,
3195,
5039,
11,
574,
1193,
2728,
2930,
13,
21815,
369,
904,
11989,
13947,
82,
505,
2225,
22178,
1131,
46593,
51447,
40,
3952,
264,
16694,
315,
856,
6505,
11989,
323,
1243,
17124,
433,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
40,
3077,
2751,
1475,
13947,
369,
1475,
1501,
358,
3077,
1027,
311,
3734,
369,
2225,
45406,
3195,
5039,
11,
574,
1193,
2728,
2930,
13,
21815,
369,
904,
11989,
13947,
82,
505,
2225,
22178,
1131,
46593,
51447,
40,
3952,
264,
16694,
315,
856,
6505,
11989,
323,
1243,
17124,
433,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
Q&A with Macon-East's Sara Cochran, ASE Credit Union volleyball player of the week
Macon-East eighth-grader Sara Cochran won the online vote as volleyball player of the week.
Q&A with Macon-East's Sara Cochran, ASE Credit Union volleyball player of the week Macon-East eighth-grader Sara Cochran won the online vote as volleyball player of the week. Check out this story on montgomeryadvertiser.com: https://www.montgomeryadvertiser.com/story/sports/high-school/volleyball/2019/09/12/q-a-macon-east-knights-sara-cochran-ase-credit-union-volleyball-player-week/2295337001/
A. Stacy Long, Montgomery Advertiser Published 7:30 a.m. CT Sept. 12, 2019
High School Volleyball: Fort Dale at Macon East
Macon East head coach Codi Moon talks with the team during a timeout as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East's Georgia Blaze (4) serves the ball as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East players celebrate a point as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East's Emily Brooks (5) serves the ball as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East players celebrate celebrate a point as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East's Maddie Ross (3) hits the ball at the net as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East's Maddie Ross (3) spikes the ball at the net as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East's Georgia Blaze (4) digs the ball as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Fort Dale players return a serve as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East head coach Codi Moon talks with her players from the sidelines as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East's Abby Wilson (2) serves the ball as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East's Emily Brooks (5) sets the ball as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East's Emily Brooks (5) blocks the ball as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Macon East's Maddie Ross (3) serves the ball at the net as Macon East takes on Fort Dale at Macon East Academy in Montgomery, Ala., on Tuesday, Aug. 27, 2019. Jake Crandall/ Advertiser
Eighth-grader Sara Cochran gave Macon-East its second straight ASE Credit Union volleyball player of the week.
Cochran, after senior teammate Emily Brooks won last week, won this week's with 38 percent of 2,609 votes cast.
Cochran had a 247-vote margin of victory over St. James' Danielle Green.
Cochran finished with 13 kills, six service aces and three blocks in the Knights' only varsity match last week, a victory over Lee-Scott. Cochran also plays on Macon-East's junior varsity team.
Cochran won a $50 gift card for her school that coach Codi Moon accepted.
Macon-East (11-4) visits Coosa Valley on Thursday and Bessemer Academy on Monday.
The award covers Week 3's matches through Sept. 7. Voting for this week's top player begins Monday at montgomeryadvertiser.com.
Macon-East eighth-grader Sara Cochran was the ASE Credit Union volleyball player of the week. Montgomery Advertiser
Are you surprised to win?
Very. I didn't think I'd even be nominated. Ever. I never thought it would happen to me.
Since you play on both the JV and varsity, if the two played each other, how big would the JV's margin of victory be?
I don't know. I'd like to play them sometimes. Very much.
Who's the best singer on the team?
Abby Wilson. (Wilson: "Am I supposed to sing? Oh, no. 'Twinkle, twinkle little star …'")
What's your favorite class?
History. I like studying ancient civilizations. It's just fun to lean about our history.
Are you a Roman or a Spartan?
Spartan. I don't know why. Just because.
What's your toughest class?
Probably math. Just numbers aren't easy.
Probably "The Kissing Booth," but I'm not really into movies. My whole life is pretty much volleyball.
Macon-East's Sara Cochran was this week's ASE Credit Union volleyball player of the week. (Photo: Stacy Long)
What's the hardest you've hit someone with a kill?
I almost made her nose bleed. Almost, but I didn't. It was close to it. I started to laugh and thought, "No, don't do that." I didn't laugh.
How about Macon-East winning player of the week again?
That's really cool.
Are you going to tease Emily at all?
Maybe a little. I didn't have as good a week as she did.
Last week, Emily joked that Codi needed to buy towels because Emily sweats so much. What do you say Codi should buy with the $50 gift card?
Hmm. That's a hard one. Better shoestrings, like pink ones. Pink shoestrings or Velcro. Yeah, Velcro.
Velcro? Can't you tie your shoes?
I can tie them, but they can't. (Points at teammates and cracks a joke.) It's pretty sad that we're upper-school students, and we can't tie our shoes.
What football player is the worst dancer?
Logan Wildes. He just is. No reason. Just is.
Have you seen him try to dance?
I would just guess he's the worst. I don't know. I want to make fun of him. You're a terrible dancer, Logan.
Last week: Q&A with Macon-East's Emily Brooks, ASE Credit Union volleyball player of the week
Contact Montgomery Advertiser reporter A. Stacy Long at [email protected] | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 3,933 | [
128000,
48,
36121,
449,
11583,
444,
94764,
596,
44020,
95495,
6713,
11,
99967,
16666,
9323,
77167,
2851,
315,
279,
2046,
198,
44,
23184,
94764,
37477,
25313,
1013,
44020,
95495,
6713,
2834,
279,
2930,
7055,
439,
77167,
2851,
315,
279,
2046,
627,
48,
36121,
449,
11583,
444,
94764,
596,
44020,
95495,
6713,
11,
99967,
16666,
9323,
77167,
2851,
315,
279,
2046,
11583,
444,
94764,
37477,
25313,
1013,
44020,
95495,
6713,
2834,
279,
2930,
7055,
439,
77167,
2851,
315,
279,
2046,
13,
4343,
704,
420,
3446,
389,
20605,
39330,
329,
85915,
916,
25,
3788,
1129,
2185,
749,
546,
39330,
329,
85915,
916,
79489,
2754,
3476,
59235,
35789,
5574,
35619,
4047,
14,
679,
24,
14,
2545,
14,
717,
34994,
7561,
1474,
23184,
40607,
12934,
77,
2866,
1355,
5169,
23283,
331,
6713
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
48,
36121,
449,
11583,
444,
94764,
596,
44020,
95495,
6713,
11,
99967,
16666,
9323,
77167,
2851,
315,
279,
2046,
198,
44,
23184,
94764,
37477,
25313,
1013,
44020,
95495,
6713,
2834,
279,
2930,
7055,
439,
77167,
2851,
315,
279,
2046,
627,
48,
36121,
449,
11583,
444,
94764,
596,
44020,
95495,
6713,
11,
99967,
16666,
9323,
77167,
2851,
315,
279,
2046,
11583,
444,
94764,
37477,
25313,
1013,
44020,
95495,
6713,
2834,
279,
2930,
7055,
439,
77167,
2851,
315,
279,
2046,
13,
4343,
704,
420,
3446,
389,
20605,
39330,
329,
85915,
916,
25,
3788,
1129,
2185,
749,
546,
39330,
329,
85915,
916,
79489,
2754,
3476,
59235,
35789,
5574,
35619,
4047,
14,
679,
24,
14,
2545,
14,
717,
34994,
7561,
1474,
23184,
40607,
12934,
77,
2866,
1355,
5169,
23283,
331,
6713,
-100
] |
Fast Acting Antihistamine. Imagine what it would be like when you suddenly suffer from allergy. You will feel uncomfortable, itchy nose, watery eyes, and other reaction. It is caused by a reaction of your body that releases an immune system called antibodies. These antibodies send a message to body cells to stop alien substance that triggers the reaction. After the sending out, the cells automatically send out a substance called histamine. It will cause blood vessels to expand, and other chemicals and these can trigger the allergy symptoms. Histamine is one of the principal chemicals released in an allergic reaction. You absolutely want to end this reaction immediately.
Antihistamines is against the effects of histamine. Almost all antihistamines are the right solution of reducing allergic conditions such as hay fever, and they can also be effective in eliminating the irritating symptoms of mild food allergies. Many are available over the counter in a number of forms and your doctor or pharmacist should advise on which may suit you. You should always follow the advice of your doctor or another healthcare professional and always read the label of any medication prescribed. If you're pregnant, consult your doctor before taking allergy medicine.
For the fast result, Chlorphenamine and Cetirizine are fast acting antihistamines and take 15-20 minutes to work.
This product is well known for temporarily relieves allergic symptoms due to hay fever or also upper respiratory allergies like runny nose, sneezing, itchy, watery eyes, itching of the nose or throat.
This product is similar to the previous products. A fast acting antihistamine.
This product offer relief from indoor and outdoor allergens. Reviews mostly have positive result and relief. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 5,715 | [
128000,
33274,
73789,
6898,
7141,
380,
20588,
13,
38891,
1148,
433,
1053,
387,
1093,
994,
499,
15187,
7831,
505,
60754,
13,
1472,
690,
2733,
29213,
11,
433,
59064,
19689,
11,
30125,
727,
6548,
11,
323,
1023,
13010,
13,
1102,
374,
9057,
555,
264,
13010,
315,
701,
2547,
430,
19786,
459,
22852,
1887,
2663,
59854,
13,
4314,
59854,
3708,
264,
1984,
311,
2547,
7917,
311,
3009,
20167,
20278,
430,
31854,
279,
13010,
13,
4740,
279,
11889,
704,
11,
279,
7917,
9651,
3708,
704,
264,
20278,
2663,
13034,
20588,
13,
1102,
690,
5353,
6680,
31080,
311,
9407,
11,
323,
1023,
26333,
323,
1521,
649,
8346,
279,
60754,
13803,
13,
67005,
20588,
374,
832,
315,
279,
12717,
26333,
6004,
304,
459,
57596,
13010,
13,
1472,
11112,
1390,
311,
842,
420,
13010
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
33274,
73789,
6898,
7141,
380,
20588,
13,
38891,
1148,
433,
1053,
387,
1093,
994,
499,
15187,
7831,
505,
60754,
13,
1472,
690,
2733,
29213,
11,
433,
59064,
19689,
11,
30125,
727,
6548,
11,
323,
1023,
13010,
13,
1102,
374,
9057,
555,
264,
13010,
315,
701,
2547,
430,
19786,
459,
22852,
1887,
2663,
59854,
13,
4314,
59854,
3708,
264,
1984,
311,
2547,
7917,
311,
3009,
20167,
20278,
430,
31854,
279,
13010,
13,
4740,
279,
11889,
704,
11,
279,
7917,
9651,
3708,
704,
264,
20278,
2663,
13034,
20588,
13,
1102,
690,
5353,
6680,
31080,
311,
9407,
11,
323,
1023,
26333,
323,
1521,
649,
8346,
279,
60754,
13803,
13,
67005,
20588,
374,
832,
315,
279,
12717,
26333,
6004,
304,
459,
57596,
13010,
13,
1472,
11112,
1390,
311,
842,
420,
13010,
-100
] |
"It is in the midst of the most material things of the earth that we must sanctify ourselves, serving God and all mankind." (Saint Josemaría)
About Opus Dei
Opus Dei in Australia
People in Opus Dei
Priestly Society of the Holy Cross
Cooperators of Opus Dei
Canonization causes
Books and texts
Videos about Opus Dei
The Prelate
Pastoral Letters and Messages
Homilies, Articles, Interviews
Previous Prelates
From the Pope
From the Prelate
Getting to know our Lord Jesus Christ
Summaries of Catholic Teaching
Articles on Christian life
Getting to know our Lady
Saint Josemaría
Search text...
Christian lifeGetting to know our LadyLife of Mary
Life of Mary (X): Flight into Egypt
"They were months of quiet work and hardship, spent with nostalgia for their homeland, but also with the joy of seeing Jesus growing up healthy and strong, far from the danger they had left behind."
Life of Mary 03/17/2014
Soon after the Magi left Bethlehem, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream and said: Rise, take the Child and his Mother, and flee to Egypt, and remain there till I tell you; for Herod is about to search for the Child to destroy him (Mt 2:13). Our Lady's joy at the visit of those distinguished men who had recognized her Son as the Messiah was instantly turned into sorrow and anguish. The cruelty of Palestine's elderly king, ever fearful that someone might seize his throne, was well known. As we learn from several historical accounts, he had already assassinated several of his own sons, as well as other persons he viewed as threats. The danger, then, was great. But the ambition and wickedness of a tyrant could not thwart God's salvific plans. He does not perform striking miracles, but counts on the cooperation of those who are faithful to him. Thus the Magi, being warned in a dream not to return to Herod…departed to their own country by another way (Mt 2:12).
Joseph, acting with complete docility, rose up, took the Child and his Mother by night, and fled into Egypt (Mt 2:14). Thus began the first of the persecutions that Christ Jesus would undergo on earth all throughout history, whether against Himself or against members of his Mystical Body.
There were two main roads to Egypt. The easier road was also the more traveled one; it passed through Gaza and then ran south along the Mediterranean coast. The other road, less used and therefore the more prudent one, passed through Hebron and Bersabee before crossing the Idumean desert and entering the Sinai peninsula. In either case, it would be a long trip of several hundred miles lasting from ten to fourteen days.
In Hebron or Bersabee (the latter about forty miles from Bethlehem), they could procure provisions before setting out across the desert. In that initial stage of the trip, they may very well have joined up with a small caravan, for it would have been almost impossible to travel that road alone. The oppressive heat, lack of water, and danger of bandits, made it advisable not to cross the desert on their own. The historian Plutarch writes that, in 155 B.C., Roman soldiers making the same trip to fight in Egypt were more fearful of the hardships to be faced in the desert than of the battles to be fought ahead.
Thus began the first of the persecutions that Christ Jesus would undergo on earth all throughout history, whether against Himself or against members of his Mystical Body.
According to tradition—likely a true one—Mary held the Infant in her arms while seated on a donkey, which Joseph led by its bridle. But the imaginative inventions of apocryphal authors have spread numerous legends about their flight: palm trees bending their fronds to provide shade for the wayfarers, wild animals becoming tame, bandits turning kind, fountains of water springing up to relieve their thirst…. These accounts have influenced popular piety through paintings and poetry, with the laudable purpose of embellishing the care shown by divine Providence. But in reality the flight would have been quite normal, including their physical sufferings and the fear of being overtaken at any moment by a detachment of soldiers. Only when they reached Rhinocolura on the Palestine-Egypt frontier would they have felt safe.
Meanwhile in the neighborhood of Bethlehem, infants two-years-old and under were being wrenched from their mothers' arms and slain. St. Matthew writes: Then were fulfilled the words of the prophet Jeremiah: 'A voice was heard in Rama, wailing and loud lamentation; Rachel weeping for her children, inconsolable, for they are no longer' (Mt 2:18). Doubtless, this passage is hard to understand, and on occasion has been a stumbling block for many. How could God permit the suffering of the innocent, especially babies? The response to this question rests on two firm points: God does not treat human being like puppets; he respects their freedom, even when it is used to do evil. At the same time, in his wisdom and Providence, He knows how to draw good from evil. God writes straight with the crooked lines men have twisted to their own purposes. In any case, this puzzle is solved only in the light of Christ's sacrifice on the Cross. The Redemption is accomplished through the suffering of the Just One, the Innocent One par excellence, who wants his human creatures to share in his sacrifice.
Tradition is uncertain about where in Egypt the Holy Family took up residence—perhaps in Memphis, Heliopolis, or Leontopolis. The broad delta of the Nile sheltered many Jewish communities, where Joseph could have found employment to support his family in a worthy manner, even if they remained poor. The most accepted accounts place them in Egypt for at least a year, until the angel told Joseph to return to Palestine.
They were months of quiet work and hardship, spent with nostalgia for their homeland, but also with the joy of seeing Jesus growing up healthy and strong, far from the danger they had left behind. All around them they saw numerous signs of idolatry—all the strange Egyptian gods with the faces of beasts. But Mary knew that Jesus had come into the world to save those people as well, and that they too were destined for Redemption. And so Mary embraced them in her maternal heart.
J. A. Loarte
Flight into Egypt: Magisterium, Saints, Poets
Life of Mary
Something Great That Is Love (IX): We are apostles!
By Dint of Little Steps: Walking the Way of St. James
Simply the Father
Upcoming Pastoral Trips of the Prelate
"Working on Trust": On Family & Parenting
Nathalie Goyens, Cooperator of Opus Dei
Masses for Feast of St Josemaría Escrivá (2019)
Selling Simsim for School Fees
Writings of the founder of Opus Dei
Saint Josemaría website
Blessed Alvaro del Portillo website
Romana, Bulletin of the Opus Dei Prelature
St. Josemaria Institute
What is Opus Dei?
What does Opus Dei offer?
What activities does Opus Dei organise?
Who belongs to Opus Dei?
Can priests join Opus Dei?
Can non-Catholic Christians and non-Christians belong to Opus Dei?
What are the commitments of members?
Why do people join Opus Dei?
1. Letter from the Prelate (12 July 2019)
2. Video: The Prelate in New York
3. Video: Monsignor Ocáriz in Barcelona
4. Learning to Care for One Another in the Family
5. Something Great That Is Love (IX): We are apostles!
6. In Chicago: "The important revolution is that of each day"
7. Upcoming Pastoral Trips of the Prelate
8. Good Manners
9. Thirty-One New Priests in One Month
10. Parental Authority | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 6,045 | [
128000,
12348,
374,
304,
279,
35446,
315,
279,
1455,
3769,
2574,
315,
279,
9578,
430,
584,
2011,
35589,
1463,
13520,
11,
13788,
4359,
323,
682,
43384,
1210,
320,
57475,
11097,
5730,
7583,
340,
10714,
10901,
355,
1611,
72,
198,
7271,
355,
1611,
72,
304,
8494,
198,
16298,
304,
10901,
355,
1611,
72,
198,
93978,
478,
398,
13581,
315,
279,
19229,
11511,
198,
7489,
33938,
315,
10901,
355,
1611,
72,
198,
95433,
2065,
11384,
198,
25335,
323,
22755,
198,
56206,
922,
10901,
355,
1611,
72,
198,
791,
41188,
349,
198,
51213,
10020,
45397,
323,
27827,
198,
50742,
7751,
11,
29461,
11,
89172,
198,
21994,
41188,
988,
198,
3915,
279,
30460,
198,
3915,
279,
41188,
349,
198,
29755,
311,
1440,
1057,
10425,
10811,
3771,
198,
9370,
90433,
315,
16879,
45377
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
12348,
374,
304,
279,
35446,
315,
279,
1455,
3769,
2574,
315,
279,
9578,
430,
584,
2011,
35589,
1463,
13520,
11,
13788,
4359,
323,
682,
43384,
1210,
320,
57475,
11097,
5730,
7583,
340,
10714,
10901,
355,
1611,
72,
198,
7271,
355,
1611,
72,
304,
8494,
198,
16298,
304,
10901,
355,
1611,
72,
198,
93978,
478,
398,
13581,
315,
279,
19229,
11511,
198,
7489,
33938,
315,
10901,
355,
1611,
72,
198,
95433,
2065,
11384,
198,
25335,
323,
22755,
198,
56206,
922,
10901,
355,
1611,
72,
198,
791,
41188,
349,
198,
51213,
10020,
45397,
323,
27827,
198,
50742,
7751,
11,
29461,
11,
89172,
198,
21994,
41188,
988,
198,
3915,
279,
30460,
198,
3915,
279,
41188,
349,
198,
29755,
311,
1440,
1057,
10425,
10811,
3771,
198,
9370,
90433,
315,
16879,
45377,
-100
] |
Boston Marathon is Cancelled? So What Does this Mean for Races in General?
By Dylan Roche
Even for runners with no plans to participate, it was still pretty big news that the Boston Marathon won't be happening in spring 2021. The Boston Athletic Association (BAA), which organizes the race, officially put the word out on Wednesday, October 28, a little more than five months before when the event traditionally would have taken place.
So, what does this mean for runners? Well, there's a lot to take away from this. Some of it is admittedly disappointing, but in general, runners should stay optimistic. Here's why…
First off, why does everyone care about Boston so much?
The Boston Marathon is a big deal. It's often considered the ultimate running goal, the gold standard of races you can participate in, the lifelong dream. It's the oldest marathon still in existence (124 years and running, no pun intended) and is second only to the Super Bowl in terms of size, prominence, and news coverage when it comes to American sporting events. About 30,000 runners from 100 countries participate each year, and a half-million cheering fans line the streets to show their support.
That's a lot of runners!
And 30,000 runners is still a pretty elite, narrowed-down group. One of the reasons behind Boston's allure is the fact that runners have to have a qualifying time to get in — known among the running community as a BQ, short for "Boston qualifying."
For men ages 34 and younger, that's 3 hours; for women ages 34 and younger, that's 3 hours and 30 minutes. Every five-year age bracket from there gets about 5 to 10 more minutes of leeway, but that's not much: It means an 80-year-old man still has to qualify with a 04:50:00 time. (You can check out what your own BQ time would have to be here.)
The good news for qualifiers who registered for this year's race is that they'll be allowed to use their qualifying time to register for 2021, so they don't have to worry about qualifying again.
So what's the plan for 2021?
As of right now, the organizers are holding out hope they might be able to hold the race in the fall. That's still TBD though. A fall Boston Marathon was originally the plan for 2020, but as lockdowns continued across the country and re-openings moved at a much slower pace than originally expected, it became clear that September wasn't going to be any more possible than April. The Boston Marathon switched to a virtual format, marking the first time ever that the in-person event didn't happen in some form.
Only twice before has the Boston Marathon been altered in some way: In 1918, the race was changed to a relay because of World War I, and in 2013, a tragic bombing at the finish line forced the race to close early. Besides those instances, the Boston Marathon has enjoyed an uninterrupted 124-year history!
However, a virtual format for the Boston Marathon was not unpopular — 16,000 people still participated. But runners who have dedicated years of training want the glory of running Boston in person. Who can blame them for hoping that it gets the go-ahead for fall 2021?
But races are outdoor activities. What's the holdup?
It's true that races are outdoor activities, but it can still be tricky for people to keep their distance with an event as big as Boston. For a smaller race with fewer participants, a race director could potentially keep people spaced safely 6 feet apart at the starting line or could start participants in waves every 10 minutes. Once the race gets underway, runners tend to space themselves out as everyone keeps their own pace along the route.
That's not the case when you've got 30,000 runners. And this isn't even accounting for the half-million spectators gathered on the streets, plus the crowds at packet pickup or the afterparty.
Massachusetts doesn't allow road races until the state reaches Phase 4 of its reopening plan — once vaccines and/or treatment options are developed and widely available. Only then will Massachusetts permit road races and other events like street festivals and parades.
When will it be safe to race again?
Don't worry, it's not all doom and gloom. There will come a time when racing is possible again, sooner or later. And the cancellation/postponement of high-profile races like the Boston Marathon have encouraged many race directors and event organizations to consider healthy practices that can be put in place as soon as infection numbers are low enough that races are deemed safe.
Here are just a few examples, most of them adopted from standards that were recently set by the Ironman Group, organizer of the iconic long-distance triathlon:
Fewer participants: Opening the race to fewer runners means there's reduced density at the starting line, along the route, during packet pickup, or at the after-party.
Fewer touch points: Races require a lot of person-to-person contact. Rethinking things like security checkpoints and first aid stations will reduce the number of times you have to directly touch or get close to somebody else.
Screening procedures: Required testing or checking for symptoms before the race will reduce the risk that infected people participate and spread their germs.
Encouraging self-reliance: If runners are carrying their own water or nutrition, then they won't have to intercept them from volunteers along the racecourse.
Better hygiene: Having hand sanitizer or washing stations around the event venue, plus providing masks to everyone, will reduce the transmission of germs.
What can runners do in the meantime?
Keep running! More importantly, keep pushing yourself to get stronger. As soon as races are a thing again, you want to be able to register right away — not start training from square one. If you need motivation (or just a change of pace), sign up for a virtual race. These help you hold yourself accountable, but more importantly, you'll be supporting some of these event organizers that rely on races for their revenue stream.
Don't give up, runners. We're going to get through this and we'll all be able to race again soon!
Dylan Roche is an Annapolis-based writer and marathon runner. As a journalist focused on everything from fitness to arts and culture, he has written for a variety of publications, including Livestrong, What's Up Annapolis, OurHealth Virginia, UpstART and Chesapeake Family Life. His first novel, "The Purple Bird," came out in 2019. Follow him on Twitter and Instagram at @DylanIsWriting
What I Wish I Knew Before My First Race
Tips for Running in Summer Heat
Finding Your New Motivation for Running During Quarantine
Food for Fuel: What to Eat to Power Your Running
Thinking of Becoming a Runner? Here's Why You'll Love It
Your Race Was Cancelled? Don't Let It Stop You From Running | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 8,892 | [
128000,
65432,
51273,
374,
24451,
839,
30,
2100,
3639,
12838,
420,
16729,
369,
98200,
304,
3331,
5380,
1383,
44458,
12093,
1557,
198,
13461,
369,
39380,
449,
912,
6787,
311,
16136,
11,
433,
574,
2103,
5128,
2466,
3754,
430,
279,
10406,
51273,
2834,
956,
387,
12765,
304,
10683,
220,
2366,
16,
13,
578,
10406,
51506,
10229,
320,
33,
6157,
705,
902,
2942,
4861,
279,
7102,
11,
19073,
2231,
279,
3492,
704,
389,
8079,
11,
6664,
220,
1591,
11,
264,
2697,
810,
1109,
4330,
4038,
1603,
994,
279,
1567,
36342,
1053,
617,
4529,
2035,
627,
4516,
11,
1148,
1587,
420,
3152,
369,
39380,
30,
8489,
11,
1070,
596,
264,
2763,
311,
1935,
3201,
505,
420,
13,
4427,
315,
433,
374,
79813,
39223,
11,
719,
304,
4689,
11,
39380,
1288,
4822
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
65432,
51273,
374,
24451,
839,
30,
2100,
3639,
12838,
420,
16729,
369,
98200,
304,
3331,
5380,
1383,
44458,
12093,
1557,
198,
13461,
369,
39380,
449,
912,
6787,
311,
16136,
11,
433,
574,
2103,
5128,
2466,
3754,
430,
279,
10406,
51273,
2834,
956,
387,
12765,
304,
10683,
220,
2366,
16,
13,
578,
10406,
51506,
10229,
320,
33,
6157,
705,
902,
2942,
4861,
279,
7102,
11,
19073,
2231,
279,
3492,
704,
389,
8079,
11,
6664,
220,
1591,
11,
264,
2697,
810,
1109,
4330,
4038,
1603,
994,
279,
1567,
36342,
1053,
617,
4529,
2035,
627,
4516,
11,
1148,
1587,
420,
3152,
369,
39380,
30,
8489,
11,
1070,
596,
264,
2763,
311,
1935,
3201,
505,
420,
13,
4427,
315,
433,
374,
79813,
39223,
11,
719,
304,
4689,
11,
39380,
1288,
4822,
-100
] |
Bethlehem's Church of the Nativity is part of a UNESCO world heritage site. Irrespective of personal denominational affiliations, Christians from around the world flock there to see the cave, where, according to the tradition endorsed by the Roman Empress Helena, Jesus was born. It's regarded as a Holy Place, in which the presence of God may be felt more intimately.
The notion that one place may be more holy than others is commonplace among religions. Pilgrims make special journeys to them in order to feel closer to God or to become more spiritual. Devout Sikhs visit the Golden Temple in Amritsar, Muslims go to Mecca, Roman Catholics travel to the Vatican, Jews to Jerusalem, Anglicans to shrines such as the one in Canterbury Cathedral, etc.
But is it true? Can a particular place be more holy than others? It's understandable that, when surrounded by objects and images of faith, one may feel more inspired or more motivated about commitment. The Spirit of God, however, is everywhere. The Spirit of God is not a commodity or a resource that is more concentrated in one place than in another. God is Spirit, and he is fully present wherever we are.
The birth of Jesus concerns the presence of God. No longer should believers think that God is afar off or unattainable. He's not more real in one place or at one time or for one people. He is real everywhere at every time for everyone. That's why Matthew explained about Jesus: "They will call him Immanuel – which means, 'God with us'".
In Jesus, God has come to us. Each day, no matter where we are and no matter who we are, we wake up and walk in his presence.
Jesus is the Holy Place.
Where can we go from your Spirit, O Lord? Thank you that your comforting presence is everywhere, ready to fill us with the peace and the joy of which your angels sang when Jesus was born. In His name. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 4,245 | [
128000,
92703,
88672,
596,
9441,
315,
279,
24772,
1968,
374,
961,
315,
264,
81876,
1917,
28948,
2816,
13,
12227,
417,
9262,
315,
4443,
62265,
1697,
12204,
811,
11,
22125,
505,
2212,
279,
1917,
49816,
1070,
311,
1518,
279,
26457,
11,
1405,
11,
4184,
311,
279,
14135,
40728,
555,
279,
13041,
13714,
676,
73046,
11,
10811,
574,
9405,
13,
1102,
596,
27458,
439,
264,
19229,
11004,
11,
304,
902,
279,
9546,
315,
4359,
1253,
387,
6612,
810,
96752,
627,
791,
23035,
430,
832,
2035,
1253,
387,
810,
27823,
1109,
3885,
374,
78014,
4315,
44230,
13,
37451,
911,
5861,
1304,
3361,
64876,
311,
1124,
304,
2015,
311,
2733,
12401,
311,
4359,
477,
311,
3719,
810,
18330,
13,
6168,
412,
78449,
5104,
4034,
279,
18288,
19176,
304,
3383,
1018,
99182,
11
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
92703,
88672,
596,
9441,
315,
279,
24772,
1968,
374,
961,
315,
264,
81876,
1917,
28948,
2816,
13,
12227,
417,
9262,
315,
4443,
62265,
1697,
12204,
811,
11,
22125,
505,
2212,
279,
1917,
49816,
1070,
311,
1518,
279,
26457,
11,
1405,
11,
4184,
311,
279,
14135,
40728,
555,
279,
13041,
13714,
676,
73046,
11,
10811,
574,
9405,
13,
1102,
596,
27458,
439,
264,
19229,
11004,
11,
304,
902,
279,
9546,
315,
4359,
1253,
387,
6612,
810,
96752,
627,
791,
23035,
430,
832,
2035,
1253,
387,
810,
27823,
1109,
3885,
374,
78014,
4315,
44230,
13,
37451,
911,
5861,
1304,
3361,
64876,
311,
1124,
304,
2015,
311,
2733,
12401,
311,
4359,
477,
311,
3719,
810,
18330,
13,
6168,
412,
78449,
5104,
4034,
279,
18288,
19176,
304,
3383,
1018,
99182,
11,
-100
] |
Q: Explain Maven artifact differences: kafka-client, kafka_2.11-, scalatest-embedded-kafka_2.11. Please explain the maven artifact differences and when to use what? for kafka-client, kafka_2.11-, scalatest-embedded-kafka_2.11. Is anything specially used for writing unit tests?
I want to understand when to use what?
In my repo, we have been using kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1, currently we are planning to move to kafka broker 0.9.0.1. Hence I used kafka_2.11-0.9.0.1 and also tried kafka_2.10-0.9.0.1.
When the unit tests runs, kafkaTestServer (kafkaserverstartable) always hangs internittently with kafka_2.10 and kafka_2.11
but with kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1 - never had hang issue.
if it proceeds, it failed with KafkaConfig init error or ScalaObject not found error.
I m kind of confused about these artifacts? Can anyone explain me about this?
A: The names encode the use Scala version as well as the uses Kafka version. For example kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1 is for Kafka 0.8.1.1 (ie, the suffix after the - is the Kafka version number and the binaries got compiled using Scala 2.9.2.
Thus, if you write code, you want to use the same Scala version as you artifact was compiled with. I assume, that the hanging and error is due to Scala version mismatch.
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} | 4,568 | [
128000,
48,
25,
83017,
99675,
37739,
12062,
25,
68952,
31111,
11,
68952,
62,
17,
13,
806,
37619,
24964,
14217,
12,
70964,
12934,
22645,
62,
17,
13,
806,
13,
5321,
10552,
279,
296,
5389,
37739,
12062,
323,
994,
311,
1005,
1148,
30,
369,
68952,
31111,
11,
68952,
62,
17,
13,
806,
37619,
24964,
14217,
12,
70964,
12934,
22645,
62,
17,
13,
806,
13,
2209,
4205,
35426,
1511,
369,
4477,
5089,
7177,
5380,
40,
1390,
311,
3619,
994,
311,
1005,
1148,
5380,
644,
856,
16246,
11,
584,
617,
1027,
1701,
68952,
62,
17,
13,
24,
13,
17,
12,
15,
13,
23,
13,
16,
13,
16,
11,
5131,
584,
527,
9293,
311,
3351,
311,
68952,
23117,
220,
15,
13,
24,
13,
15,
13,
16,
13,
32140,
358,
1511,
68952,
62,
17
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
48,
25,
83017,
99675,
37739,
12062,
25,
68952,
31111,
11,
68952,
62,
17,
13,
806,
37619,
24964,
14217,
12,
70964,
12934,
22645,
62,
17,
13,
806,
13,
5321,
10552,
279,
296,
5389,
37739,
12062,
323,
994,
311,
1005,
1148,
30,
369,
68952,
31111,
11,
68952,
62,
17,
13,
806,
37619,
24964,
14217,
12,
70964,
12934,
22645,
62,
17,
13,
806,
13,
2209,
4205,
35426,
1511,
369,
4477,
5089,
7177,
5380,
40,
1390,
311,
3619,
994,
311,
1005,
1148,
5380,
644,
856,
16246,
11,
584,
617,
1027,
1701,
68952,
62,
17,
13,
24,
13,
17,
12,
15,
13,
23,
13,
16,
13,
16,
11,
5131,
584,
527,
9293,
311,
3351,
311,
68952,
23117,
220,
15,
13,
24,
13,
15,
13,
16,
13,
32140,
358,
1511,
68952,
62,
17,
-100
] |
At Carrocel, we have the pleasure of crafting our custom furniture masterpieces with some of the finest woods. This often makes it difficult to recommend a specific one when our clients ask for suggestions. Simply put, wood choice actually comes down to personal preference, the look you want to achieve for a particular room and even your budget. Nonetheless, here are some tips on how to select custom wooden furniture for your home.
Types of wood: There are many exotic woods available and this can make your selection quite confusing. We recommend maple, oak, rosewood, Macassar ebony and beech-wood. In our experience, these are the best wood types for custom furniture as well as restorations. Since custom furniture means creating a piece that is specific to your taste, you should also select the type of wood you want. At Carrocel, we are pleased to offer our customers a wide variety of choices.
Design styles: One of the greatest benefits of purchasing custom furniture is that you can have any style that you want, even create an original design of your own. Another great option for creating new and unique articles of fine furniture lies in modifying and customizing existing vintage pieces to serve more modern-day functions. We are always open to ideas and welcome your creative inputs.
Furniture quality: The old adage that you get what you paid for is especially true with custom furniture. It is no secret that big box stores opt for cheaper materials to keep the cost of their wooden furniture low and promote sales volume. Unfortunately, it is mass produced (which means more than one home will have the same pieces) and can tend to look worn in a couple of years. You may be able to custom order a particular size but you are not likely to have much more choice beyond that. At Carrocel, our value lies not only in our high quality materials but the intricate designs and fine finishes that retain their appeal and beauty for years.
What Makes Carrocel's Wooden Furniture Unique?
At Carrocel, our custom furniture is made to your specifications. That's what "custom" truly means.
It's about what you want: Wood type, design, finish, upholstery, size—it's all about what you like and want. We will listen to your ideas and work closely with you.
Giving shape to your dreams: Our artisans have a passion for giving shape to your dreams. The results are reflected in the happy faces of our customers and the fact they keep coming back to us. You are assured that your wooden furniture will be fashioned with expert workmanship and utmost care at every stage of the process.
Transforming vintage items into new creations: If you would like to customize existing vintage pieces for modern day requirements, we are always up to the challenge! Our craftsmen have converted tables, cabinets and cupboards into entirely different items such as computer desks, an extended dining table, bathroom sinks/counters, media centres and bar units.
Visit the Carrocel showroom in Toronto to see our custom furniture creations. Our experienced staff will be happy to show you around and discuss your ideas. We also have vintage and modern pieces from around the world to spark your imagination. Our artisans create custom designs that will include only the materials and dimensions that you ask for, so your satisfaction is guaranteed.
To discuss our custom furniture services, please visit our furniture showroom. Call us at 416-999-2525 for more information. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 6,623 | [
128000,
1688,
3341,
299,
3757,
11,
584,
617,
279,
17069,
315,
45167,
1057,
2587,
14891,
7491,
47568,
449,
1063,
315,
279,
28807,
33633,
13,
1115,
3629,
3727,
433,
5107,
311,
7079,
264,
3230,
832,
994,
1057,
8403,
2610,
369,
18726,
13,
29524,
2231,
11,
7732,
5873,
3604,
4131,
1523,
311,
4443,
22698,
11,
279,
1427,
499,
1390,
311,
11322,
369,
264,
4040,
3130,
323,
1524,
701,
8199,
13,
56733,
11,
1618,
527,
1063,
10631,
389,
1268,
311,
3373,
2587,
23162,
14891,
369,
701,
2162,
627,
4266,
315,
7732,
25,
2684,
527,
1690,
39418,
33633,
2561,
323,
420,
649,
1304,
701,
6727,
5115,
31715,
13,
1226,
7079,
55480,
11,
38971,
11,
16392,
6798,
11,
7553,
395,
277,
54196,
323,
387,
4842,
12,
6798,
13,
763,
1057,
3217,
11,
1521
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
1688,
3341,
299,
3757,
11,
584,
617,
279,
17069,
315,
45167,
1057,
2587,
14891,
7491,
47568,
449,
1063,
315,
279,
28807,
33633,
13,
1115,
3629,
3727,
433,
5107,
311,
7079,
264,
3230,
832,
994,
1057,
8403,
2610,
369,
18726,
13,
29524,
2231,
11,
7732,
5873,
3604,
4131,
1523,
311,
4443,
22698,
11,
279,
1427,
499,
1390,
311,
11322,
369,
264,
4040,
3130,
323,
1524,
701,
8199,
13,
56733,
11,
1618,
527,
1063,
10631,
389,
1268,
311,
3373,
2587,
23162,
14891,
369,
701,
2162,
627,
4266,
315,
7732,
25,
2684,
527,
1690,
39418,
33633,
2561,
323,
420,
649,
1304,
701,
6727,
5115,
31715,
13,
1226,
7079,
55480,
11,
38971,
11,
16392,
6798,
11,
7553,
395,
277,
54196,
323,
387,
4842,
12,
6798,
13,
763,
1057,
3217,
11,
1521,
-100
] |
Q: refactor data.frame column values Sorry guys if this is a noob question.
I need help on how to loop over my dataframe.Here is a sample data.
a <- c(10:29);
b <- c(40:59);
e <- rep(1,20);
test <- data.frame(a,b,e)
I need to manipulate column "e" using the following criteria for values in column "a"
for all values of
"a" <= 15, "e" = 1,
"a" > 15 & < 20, "e" = 2
"a" > 20 & < 25, "e" = 3
"a" > 25 & < 30, "e" = 4 and so on to look like this
result <- cbind(a,b,rep(1:4, each=5))
My actual data frame is over 100k long. Would be great if you could sort me out here.
A: I would use cut() for this:
test$e = cut(test$a,
breaks = c(0, 15, 20, 25, 30),
labels = c(1, 2, 3, 4))
If you want to "generalize" the cut--in other words, where you don't know exactly how many sets of 5 (levels) you need to make--you can take a two-step approach using c() and seq():
test$e = cut(test$a,
breaks = c(0, seq(from = 15, to = max(test$a)+5, by = 5)))
levels(test$e) = 1:length(levels(test$e))
Since Backlin beat me to the cut() solution, here's another option (which I don't prefer in this case, but am posting just to demonstrate the many options available in R).
Use recode() from the car package.
require(car)
test$e = recode(test$a, "0:15 = 1; 15:20 = 2; 20:25 = 3; 25:30 = 4")
A: data.frame(a, b, e=(1:4)[cut(a, c(-Inf, 15, 20, 25, 30))])
Update:
Greg's comment provides a more direct solution without the need to go via subsetting an integer vector with a factor returned from cut.
data.frame(a, b, e=findInterval(a, c(-Inf, 15, 20, 25, 30)))
A: You don't need a loop.
You have nearly all you need:
test[test$a > 15 & test$a < 20, "e"] <- 2
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} | 952 | [
128000,
48,
25,
93395,
828,
9318,
3330,
2819,
33386,
7752,
422,
420,
374,
264,
912,
677,
3488,
627,
40,
1205,
1520,
389,
1268,
311,
6471,
927,
856,
39328,
91173,
374,
264,
6205,
828,
627,
64,
9297,
272,
7,
605,
25,
1682,
317,
65,
9297,
272,
7,
1272,
25,
2946,
317,
68,
9297,
2109,
7,
16,
11,
508,
317,
1985,
9297,
828,
9318,
2948,
8568,
23379,
696,
40,
1205,
311,
37735,
3330,
330,
68,
1,
1701,
279,
2768,
13186,
369,
2819,
304,
3330,
330,
64,
702,
2000,
682,
2819,
315,
198,
57793,
1,
2717,
220,
868,
11,
330,
68,
1,
284,
220,
16,
345,
57793,
1,
871,
220,
868,
612,
366,
220,
508,
11,
330,
68,
1,
284,
220,
17,
198,
57793,
1,
871,
220,
508,
612,
366,
220
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
48,
25,
93395,
828,
9318,
3330,
2819,
33386,
7752,
422,
420,
374,
264,
912,
677,
3488,
627,
40,
1205,
1520,
389,
1268,
311,
6471,
927,
856,
39328,
91173,
374,
264,
6205,
828,
627,
64,
9297,
272,
7,
605,
25,
1682,
317,
65,
9297,
272,
7,
1272,
25,
2946,
317,
68,
9297,
2109,
7,
16,
11,
508,
317,
1985,
9297,
828,
9318,
2948,
8568,
23379,
696,
40,
1205,
311,
37735,
3330,
330,
68,
1,
1701,
279,
2768,
13186,
369,
2819,
304,
3330,
330,
64,
702,
2000,
682,
2819,
315,
198,
57793,
1,
2717,
220,
868,
11,
330,
68,
1,
284,
220,
16,
345,
57793,
1,
871,
220,
868,
612,
366,
220,
508,
11,
330,
68,
1,
284,
220,
17,
198,
57793,
1,
871,
220,
508,
612,
366,
220,
-100
] |
Reaction mass of (4RS,4aRS,8RS,8aRS)-4-ethyl-8-methyloctahydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one and (4RS,4aSR,8SR,8aRS)-4-ethyl-8-methyloctahydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one and (4RS,4aSR,8SR,8aSR)-4-ethyl-8-methyloctahydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one
19-10-2011 to 29-01-2012
other: Guideline study performed under GLP. All relevant validity criteria were met.
inspected: February 2010 ; signature: March 2010
natural water: freshwater
- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Rhine near Heavedrop, The Netherlands (14-10-2011). The nearest sewage treatment plant (Arnhem-Zuid) treating domestic wastewater biologically was 3 km upstream.
- Laboratory culture: N/A
- Method of cultivation: N/A
- Storage conditions: Not reported, assumed ambient
- Storage length: 8 days
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The river water was aerated for 7 days before use to reduce the endogenous respiration. Particles were removed by sedimentation after 1 day while moderately aerating. river water used in the Closed Bottle test was spiked per liter of water with 8.5 mg KH2PO4, 21.75 mg K2HPO4, 33.3 mg Na2HPO4·2H2O, 22.5 mg MgSO4·7H2O, 27.5 mg CaCl2, 0.25 mg FeCl3·6H2O.
- Pretreatment: N/A
- Concentration of sludge: N/A
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: N/A
- Water filtered: no
- Type and size of filter used, if any: N/A
- Composition of medium: River water spiked with 8.5 mg KH2PO4, 21.75 mg K2HPO4, 33.3 mg Na2HPO4·2H2O, 22.5 mg MgSO4·7H2O, 27.5 mg CaCl2, 0.25 mg FeCl3·6H2O per litre.
- Additional substrate: N/A
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used):N/A
- Test temperature: 22 - 24 °C
- pH: 8.2 (starting pH) and 8.2 on day 28 in controls
- pH adjusted: no
- CEC (meq/100 g): not measured
- Aeration of dilution water: 7 days before use
- Suspended solids concentration: N/A
- Continuous darkness: yes
- Other: Ammonium chloride was not added to the river water to prevent nitrification.
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus:
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: Use was made of 10 bottles containing only river water, 10 bottles containing river water and silica gel, 10 bottles containing river water and test substance (2.0 mg/L), and 6 bottles containing river water and sodium acetate (6.7 mg/L).
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: 7 days of aeration before use
- Method used to create anaerobic conditions: N/A
- Measuring equipment: The dissolved oxygen concentrations were determined electrochemically using an oxygen electrode and meter (WTW). The pH was measured using a Eutech pH meter. The temperature was measured and recorded with a sensor connected to a data logger.
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: No.
- Test performed in open system: No.
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used: N/A
- Other: N/A
- Sampling frequency: 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 plus day 42, 60 and 100 days.
- Sampling method: Two duplicate bottles of all series were withdrawn for analyses of the dissolved oxygen concentration at day 7, 14, 21, and 28 plus day 42, 60 and 100.
- Sterility check if applicable: N/A
- Sample storage before analysis: ambient temperature, in the dark
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: river water only and river water and silica gel
- Abiotic sterile control: N/A
- Toxicity control: Sodium acetate
STATISTICAL METHODS:
The ThODs of the test substance, and sodium acetate were calculated from their molecular formulae and molecular weights as follows.
ThODNH3(mgO2 /mg)= 16(2C+12 (H-Cl-3N)+3S+2(0.5*P)+(0.5*Na-O))/ MW
Oxygen consumptionn (mg/L) by test substance = Mcs - Mt
Mc or cs is the mean oxygen level in the control bottles with and without silica gel n-days after the start of the test.
Mt or a is the mean oxygen concentration in the bottles containing the test substance (t) or the reference compound, sodium acetate (a), n-days after the start of the test.
The BOD mg/mg of the test substance and sodium acetate was calculated by dividing the oxygen consumption by the concentration of the test substance and sodium acetate in the closed bottle, respectively.
Calculation of the biodegradation percentages:
The biodegradation was calculated as the ratio of the BOD to the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD).
6.7 mg/L
Test performance:
1. The endogenous respiration was 1.5 mg/L at day 28 (i.e. < 30 mgO2/L after 28 days)
2. The repeatability validity criterion (not more than 20% difference between replicates) is fulfilled.
3. The pH at day 28 was in the range of 6.0 to 8.5 (actual 8.2 for controls and test item vessels)
4. Sodium Acetate attained 83% degradation at 14 days thereby confirming the suitability of the inoculum and test conditions.
5. Inhibition of the degradation of a well-degradable compound, e.g. sodium acetate by the test item in the Closed Bottle test was not determined because possible toxicity of the test item to microorganisms degrading acetate is not relevant. Inhibition of the endogenous respiration of the inoculum by the test item could not be excluded.
Results with reference substance:
Sodium Acetate attained 83% degradation after 14 days thereby confirming the suitability of the inoculum and test conditions.
not readily biodegradable
The mean biodegradation was 3% at day 28, 24% at day 60 and 64 % at day 100 (within the enhanced biodegradation screening test).
The ready biodegradability test was carried out according to OECD TG 301D guideline under GLP. The test item at a concentration of 2 mg/L was exposed to river water which was spiked with nutrients, in sealed BOD vessels and in the dark at 23°C ± 1°C for 28 days and then extension of the exposure for up to 100 days in an enhancement to the test method. Degradation was assessed by the measurement of oxygen consumption via dissolved oxygen concentration measurement. Two duplicate bottles of all series were withdrawn for analyses of the dissolved oxygen concentration at day 7, 14, 21, and 28, plus 42, 60 and 100. Control solutions with inoculum and the reference substance: sodium acetate, together with a toxicity control (where applicable) were used for validation purposes. The endogenous respiration was 1.5 mg/L at day 28. The repeatability validity criterion (not more than 20% difference between replicates) is fulfilled. The pH at day 28 was in the range of 6.0 to 8.5 (actual 8.2 for controls and test item vessels). Sodium Acetate attained 83% degradation at 14 days thereby confirming the suitability of the inoculum and test conditions. The mean biodegradation for the test item at 28 days was 3%. Under the conditions of the study, test item is not considered to be readily biodegradable.In the prolonged phase of the Closed Bottle test, the test item was biodegraded by 24% at day 60 and 64% at day 100. The biodegradation found demonstrates that this test item should be classified as inherently biodegradable. The biodegradation percentage of 64% reached at day 100 offers evidence that the test item is ultimately (completely) biodegradable.
Biodegradation: not readily biodegradable, mean biodegradation 3% (28 -days), 24% (60 -days) and 64% (100 -days), OECD TG 301D, enhanced closed bottle test, 2012
Type of water:
Key study: OECD TG 301D, 2012 : The ready biodegradability test was carried out according to OECD TG 301D guideline under GLP. The test item at a concentration of 2 mg/L was exposed to river water which was spiked with nutrients, in sealed BOD vessels and in the dark at 23°C ± 1°C for 28 days and then extension of the exposure for up to 100 days in an enhancement to the test method. Degradation was assessed by the measurement of oxygen consumption via dissolved oxygen concentration measurement. Two duplicate bottles of all series were withdrawn for analyses of the dissolved oxygen concentration at day 7, 14, 21, and 28, plus 42, 60 and 100. Control solutions with inoculum and the reference substance: sodium acetate, together with a toxicity control (where applicable) were used for validation purposes. The endogenous respiration was 1.5 mg/L at day 28. The repeatability validity criterion (not more than 20% difference between replicates) is fulfilled. The pH at day 28 was in the range of 6.0 to 8.5 (actual 8.2 for controls and test item vessels). Sodium Acetate attained 83% degradation at 14 days thereby confirming the suitability of the inoculum and test conditions. The mean biodegradation for the test item at 28 days was 3%. Under the conditions of the study, test item is not considered to be readily biodegradable.In the prolonged phase of the Closed Bottle test, the test item was biodegraded by 24% at day 60 and 64% at day 100. The biodegradation found demonstrates that this test item should be classified as inherently biodegradable. The biodegradation percentage of 64% reached at day 100 offers evidence that the test item is ultimately (completely) biodegradable. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 4,528 | [
128000,
88336,
3148,
315,
320,
19,
11706,
11,
19,
64,
11706,
11,
23,
11706,
11,
23,
64,
11706,
7435,
19,
12,
42972,
12,
23,
1474,
774,
88,
385,
302,
1494,
41221,
2298,
1366,
31392,
268,
12,
16,
7,
17,
39,
7435,
606,
323,
320,
19,
11706,
11,
19,
64,
14899,
11,
23,
14899,
11,
23,
64,
11706,
7435,
19,
12,
42972,
12,
23,
1474,
774,
88,
385,
302,
1494,
41221,
2298,
1366,
31392,
268,
12,
16,
7,
17,
39,
7435,
606,
323,
320,
19,
11706,
11,
19,
64,
14899,
11,
23,
14899,
11,
23,
64,
14899,
7435,
19,
12,
42972,
12,
23,
1474,
774,
88,
385,
302,
1494,
41221,
2298,
1366,
31392,
268,
12,
16,
7,
17,
39,
7435,
606,
198,
777,
12,
605,
12,
679,
16,
311
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
88336,
3148,
315,
320,
19,
11706,
11,
19,
64,
11706,
11,
23,
11706,
11,
23,
64,
11706,
7435,
19,
12,
42972,
12,
23,
1474,
774,
88,
385,
302,
1494,
41221,
2298,
1366,
31392,
268,
12,
16,
7,
17,
39,
7435,
606,
323,
320,
19,
11706,
11,
19,
64,
14899,
11,
23,
14899,
11,
23,
64,
11706,
7435,
19,
12,
42972,
12,
23,
1474,
774,
88,
385,
302,
1494,
41221,
2298,
1366,
31392,
268,
12,
16,
7,
17,
39,
7435,
606,
323,
320,
19,
11706,
11,
19,
64,
14899,
11,
23,
14899,
11,
23,
64,
14899,
7435,
19,
12,
42972,
12,
23,
1474,
774,
88,
385,
302,
1494,
41221,
2298,
1366,
31392,
268,
12,
16,
7,
17,
39,
7435,
606,
198,
777,
12,
605,
12,
679,
16,
311,
-100
] |
Raptor by Indmar LED badges are made for exterior marine use and can be seen at night while cruising down the lake or look like a standard decal during the day.
Show off what's inside your boat day or night with the Raptor by Indmar LED exterior badge.
Contact Chris @ Indmar NW (208-305-2263) for pricing and availability.
Not trying to be a jerk! But why should we pay for your advertising? I do plenty for you as it's been a great motor so far. I let everyone that asks know it's worth having, and the engine of choice if I do another boat. They look cool tho. I would put one on my boat if you send a blue one to me on your dime.
X2....Benny you hit it on the head Green will work for me!!
Really cool looking but ?
Yeah i agree! Blue works for me.
Thanks to a good friend and good people behind a great product I get to display what is under the high deck. It's a nice touch to the back of the Bentz!
I will say that is looking good and nice update !!!!!
For sure we are going to jack that boat off the beach. We will need a bottle of Pennlytone for the skipper and then grab the boat.
I wonder if Chris will throw one of these in with my new 440 build at CW?
I honestly don't know! Like I said I have a good friend. Add that to good people behind a great product and I ended up with one. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 2,691 | [
128000,
49,
33757,
555,
2314,
5730,
13414,
61534,
527,
1903,
369,
28362,
29691,
1005,
323,
649,
387,
3970,
520,
3814,
1418,
73327,
1523,
279,
22553,
477,
1427,
1093,
264,
5410,
1654,
278,
2391,
279,
1938,
627,
7968,
1022,
1148,
596,
4871,
701,
15688,
1938,
477,
3814,
449,
279,
432,
33757,
555,
2314,
5730,
13414,
28362,
24914,
627,
8906,
11517,
571,
2314,
5730,
42174,
320,
12171,
12,
13364,
12,
14057,
18,
8,
369,
21913,
323,
18539,
627,
2688,
4560,
311,
387,
264,
54524,
0,
2030,
3249,
1288,
584,
2343,
369,
701,
13172,
30,
358,
656,
11510,
369,
499,
439,
433,
596,
1027,
264,
2294,
9048,
779,
3117,
13,
358,
1095,
5127,
430,
17501,
1440,
433,
596,
5922,
3515,
11,
323,
279,
4817,
315,
5873,
422,
358,
656,
2500,
15688
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
49,
33757,
555,
2314,
5730,
13414,
61534,
527,
1903,
369,
28362,
29691,
1005,
323,
649,
387,
3970,
520,
3814,
1418,
73327,
1523,
279,
22553,
477,
1427,
1093,
264,
5410,
1654,
278,
2391,
279,
1938,
627,
7968,
1022,
1148,
596,
4871,
701,
15688,
1938,
477,
3814,
449,
279,
432,
33757,
555,
2314,
5730,
13414,
28362,
24914,
627,
8906,
11517,
571,
2314,
5730,
42174,
320,
12171,
12,
13364,
12,
14057,
18,
8,
369,
21913,
323,
18539,
627,
2688,
4560,
311,
387,
264,
54524,
0,
2030,
3249,
1288,
584,
2343,
369,
701,
13172,
30,
358,
656,
11510,
369,
499,
439,
433,
596,
1027,
264,
2294,
9048,
779,
3117,
13,
358,
1095,
5127,
430,
17501,
1440,
433,
596,
5922,
3515,
11,
323,
279,
4817,
315,
5873,
422,
358,
656,
2500,
15688,
-100
] |
The tropical storm Luban over Arabian Sea intensified into severe cyclonic storm on Tuesday with chances of it dumping heavy rain on Dhofar and Al Wusta from Friday afternoon. The storm will also lead to strong winds and rough sea state with maximum wave height between 6m and 8m.
Luban intensifies into serious cyclonic storm
Blog Editor October 10, 2018
In its bulletin, the Public Authority for Civil Aviation's (PACA) National Multi Hazard and Early Warning Centre stated that Luban continued to move towards the west-northwest. "There will be an indirect effect of the program on Dhofar and Al Wusta beginning from October 10 with probabilities of isolated rain and increasing sea waves with maximum height among 4m and 6m.
"The two governorates might be affected with heavy rain and strong winds starting from Friday (October 12) afternoon, with rough sea state and maximum wave height between 6m and 8m," it stated.
In its evening bulletin on Tuesday, the Indian Meteorological Department stated that Luban intensified into a serious cyclonic storm and lay centred at 1430 hrs IST (1pm Oman time) more than the west central Arabian Sea, close to Latitude 13.2°N and Longitude 60.0°E, about 760km east-southeast of Salalah and 660km east of Socotra Island. "It is very likely to further intensify and move west-northwestwards towards Yemen and south Oman coasts during the next four days."
However, European and American climate forecast models predicted various routes for Luban on Tuesday. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts stated that as the storm approaches south Oman, it will be steered by higher stress from the north and move southwest off Yemen to the Gulf of Aden and dissipate.
The American Global Forecast System predicted that the tropical storm will move west-northwest in the Arabian Sea, then move west with landfall on the Oman-Yemen border as a Category three (178-208 km/hr) storm. "It will then move southwest through Yemen as a subtropical cyclone and dissipate."
Emergency meeting
Oman's National Emergency Management Centre held a meting on Tuesday to go over readiness to deal with the effect of tropical storm. The centre mentioned that it was continuing to boost the sources and capabilities essential to decrease the impacts of the tropical scenario. Also, the National Committee for Civil Defence in Dhofar and Al Wusta held two separate meetings to tackle the scenario.
PACA advisory
PACA has advised folks to adhere to its most recent climate bulletins and reports and take complete precautions prior to getting into wadis and steer clear of low lying coastal places.
Emergency numbers identified by the National Emergency Management Centre – 9999, 23234599 and 23234112.
Previous Al Zain Farms launches fresh and frozen complete chicken goods
Next Ten Omani students create utility service app | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 5,321 | [
128000,
791,
35148,
13766,
58751,
276,
927,
73698,
15379,
79849,
1139,
15748,
32343,
14338,
13766,
389,
7742,
449,
17393,
315,
433,
61682,
8987,
11422,
389,
44327,
1073,
277,
323,
1708,
468,
82979,
505,
6740,
13658,
13,
578,
13766,
690,
1101,
3063,
311,
3831,
29592,
323,
11413,
9581,
1614,
449,
7340,
12330,
2673,
1990,
220,
21,
76,
323,
220,
23,
76,
627,
43,
392,
276,
25228,
9803,
1139,
6129,
32343,
14338,
13766,
198,
27798,
12865,
6664,
220,
605,
11,
220,
679,
23,
198,
644,
1202,
75829,
11,
279,
3142,
22677,
369,
16803,
50047,
596,
320,
47,
63638,
8,
5165,
17896,
69874,
323,
23591,
27956,
14821,
11224,
430,
58751,
276,
8738,
311,
3351,
7119,
279,
9909,
5392,
2419,
11285,
13,
330,
3947,
690,
387,
459,
25636,
2515,
315,
279,
2068
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
791,
35148,
13766,
58751,
276,
927,
73698,
15379,
79849,
1139,
15748,
32343,
14338,
13766,
389,
7742,
449,
17393,
315,
433,
61682,
8987,
11422,
389,
44327,
1073,
277,
323,
1708,
468,
82979,
505,
6740,
13658,
13,
578,
13766,
690,
1101,
3063,
311,
3831,
29592,
323,
11413,
9581,
1614,
449,
7340,
12330,
2673,
1990,
220,
21,
76,
323,
220,
23,
76,
627,
43,
392,
276,
25228,
9803,
1139,
6129,
32343,
14338,
13766,
198,
27798,
12865,
6664,
220,
605,
11,
220,
679,
23,
198,
644,
1202,
75829,
11,
279,
3142,
22677,
369,
16803,
50047,
596,
320,
47,
63638,
8,
5165,
17896,
69874,
323,
23591,
27956,
14821,
11224,
430,
58751,
276,
8738,
311,
3351,
7119,
279,
9909,
5392,
2419,
11285,
13,
330,
3947,
690,
387,
459,
25636,
2515,
315,
279,
2068,
-100
] |
Tag(s): Foreign Affairs, Politics & Economics, History, People
Last week marked the 200th anniversary of the death of Napoleon Bonaparte. Many people in France regard Napoleon as the greatest Frenchman and there is no doubt that Napoleon changed the history both of France and of the world. He left durable institutions on which modern France has been built up: the administrative system of the prefects, the Napoleonic code, the judicial system, the Banque de France and the country's financial organisation, the centralised university, and the military academies. But he also restored slavery, lost over 400,000 men in the disastrous attempt to conquer Russia and did very little for the rights of women. In the end his hubris meant that he overreached himself. Despite extraordinary charisma he had achieved the unusual position of creating unity among his enemies: Great Britain, Prussia, Austria and Russia which led to his final defeat at Waterloo.
But I think there is a better case that can be made for another to be the greatest Frenchman and many of the French agree with me. When an opinion poll in 2010 asked the French to rank the most important figures in their history, 44% placed Charles de Gaulle top, far ahead of Napoleon in second place with 14%. All politicians from left to right, invoke De Gaulle's name. At the presidential elections of 2012 he was cited as an example by both the socialist François Hollande and his right wing (supposedly Gaullist) opponent Nicholas Sarkozy - and by pretty well everyone else. Even the extreme-right Front National, whose founder Jean-Marie Le Pen was once a visceral anti-Gaullist, now celebrates De Gaulle's legacy. But no contemporary French politician has more consciously sought inspiration in de Gaulle than Emanuel Macron whose official photograph as President shows him in front of a table in which one book lies open: the Pléiade edition of De Gaulle's War Memoirs.
Charles de Gaulle was born in Lille in 1890 into a bourgeois and strictly catholic family. His father was a teacher and imbued in his son a love of history and literature. Charles's parents paid for the private publication of a book of Charles's poetry when he was in his teens. His love of history led him to an appreciation of military strategy, and he decided to join the Army. This was not necessarily the most auspicious career choice at that time as the Dreyfus affair had made the army unpopular among many French people. But Charles in his many books only mentions the Dreyfus affair twice and it seems not to have put him off. He did sufficiently well in his examinations though was by no means among the best.
By the time the First World War broke out Charles was a junior officer, and he had a very difficult experience in the war. He was injured on three occasions, in both legs and then in his left hand which did not fully heal so that after he married, he wore his wedding ring on his right hand. He was captured at Verdun and spent the rest of the war in captivity although he made five separate attempts to escape, even on one occasion disguised as a nurse despite the fact that at six foot five he must have been the tallest man in the French Army.
After the war he stayed in the Army and had a successive range of promotions eventually reaching the rank of Brigadier General. He became widely known for his thoughts on military strategy and he believed that the French needed to strengthen their forces of tanks. When the Second World War broke out de Gaulle was one of the few French officers who had any success in battle. He became a junior minister in the government as the Nazis invaded and enjoyed rapid success.
Marshal Pétain elected to sue for peace. De Gaulle was strongly against this but was overruled. De Gaulle then fled to London. He met with Churchill who agreed to find him accommodation and finance him and his Free French comrades during the course of the war, to be paid back after the war.
De Gaulle believed that the Vichy government was not legitimate. He believed that the war between France and Germany was basically continuous and that eventually this would be resolved with the help of the US and the UK. He began to attract support from many of the French colonies around the globe and through broadcasts on BBC radio he was able to keep up the spirits of the French whether they were acting as the resistance movement in France or waiting in support elsewhere in the world.
His relations with Roosevelt and Churchill were never smooth but in the end his view was vindicated, and he became head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic in June 1944, the interim government of France following its liberation. He introduced a dirigiste economic policy, which included substantial state-directed control over a capitalist economy which was followed by 30 years of unprecedented growth.
Frustrated by the return of petty partisanship in the new Fourth Republic, he resigned in 1946 but continued to be politically active by founding the Rassemblement du Peuple Francais (RPF: "Rally of the French People"). He retired in the early 1950s and wrote his War Memoirs which became a best seller.
When the Algerian War was tearing apart the unstable Fourth Republic, the National Assembly restored him to power during the crisis in May 1958. He founded the Fifth Republic with a strong presidency, and he was elected to continue in that role. He contrived to keep France together while taking steps to end the war, which provoked the ethnic French born in Algeria as well as the military. Both groups had previously supported his return to power to maintain colonial rule. He gave independence to Algeria and acted similarly towards the French colonies.
In the context of the Cold War, de Gaulle developed his "politics of grandeur" stating that France as a major power should not have to rely on other countries such as the US for its national security and prosperity. Thus, he pursued a policy of national independence which led him to withdraw from NATO's military integrated command and to launch an independent nuclear development programme making France the fourth nuclear power.
He got on well with Chancellor Adenauer and restored cordial Franco-German relations to create a European counterweight between the Anglo-American and Soviet spheres of influence. However, he opposed any development of a supranational Europe, favouring Europe as a continent of sovereign nations. He saw the European Economic Community, which France had joined just before de Gaulle returned to power in 1958, as the chance for French farmers to gain market share. And for the same reason he prevented Britain's entry into the EEC on two occasions recognising that Britain's Commonwealth countries like Australia and New Zealand would have access to the EEC markets and provide considerable competition on price. But I think he also understood Britain very well having lived there during the war and recognised just how different its history was from the other EEC members.
Although re-elected to the presidency in 1965, he faced widespread protests and even riots by students and workers in May 1968, but he still had the army's support and won an election with an increased majority in the National Assembly. But the following year he lost a referendum which proposed more decentralisation and consequently resigned. He died a year later at his residence in Colombey-les-Deux-Églises and at his request his funeral was a modest affair, and he was buried locally.
Historians differ on the reasons for his greatness but few doubt that he did possess that greatness. He was a visionary, and it is astonishing how often he was proved right. In the 1930s, his prediction about the future course of the Battle of France was more accurate than that of the French high command. Everything he did after June 1940 was built around his correct judgement that the Battle of France was only the start of a world war in which the axis powers would be defeated. In the 1960s he predicted the collapse of the Bretton Woods financial system which most commentators laughed at, but just a few years later that had come to pass. He warned about the growing consequences for Israel of the occupation of the Palestinian territories. He warned the Americans that they could not win in Vietnam and was clearly proved right on that front. In 1964 he predicted that Yugoslavia would not last. He said "For that there needs to be a Yugoslav nation. There isn't. There are just bits of wood stuck together with a piece of string. That piece of string is Tito. When he is no longer there, the bits will fall apart." Around the same time, he was equally prophetic about the future of Iraq. "The Sunnis with the Shias and the Kurds. These are countries destined to be divided because they contain altogether different peoples which do not have the same religion, the same past."
His most lasting achievement was not so much in foreign policy as in the establishment of the constitution of the Fifth Republic in 1958. The constitution has been amended several times and operates in many respects differently from de Gaulle's intentions – but it is still in essence the regime he created through his way of exercising power between 1958 and 1969. The previous Fourth Republic was so unstable that it had many different constitutions rather than the constitution of 1958 of de Gaulle which has been amended but has fundamentally held France together for over 60 years.
Source: A Certain Idea of France: The Life of Charles De Gaulle Julian Jackson. Allen Lane 2018 | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 9,198 | [
128000,
5786,
1161,
1680,
19620,
23298,
11,
35979,
612,
35300,
11,
11346,
11,
9029,
198,
5966,
2046,
13160,
279,
220,
1049,
339,
22310,
315,
279,
4648,
315,
70527,
13789,
391,
20430,
13,
9176,
1274,
304,
9822,
5363,
70527,
439,
279,
12474,
8753,
1543,
323,
1070,
374,
912,
10712,
430,
70527,
5614,
279,
3925,
2225,
315,
9822,
323,
315,
279,
1917,
13,
1283,
2163,
27220,
14673,
389,
902,
6617,
9822,
706,
1027,
5918,
709,
25,
279,
23541,
1887,
315,
279,
90545,
82,
11,
279,
29576,
1286,
14338,
2082,
11,
279,
31752,
1887,
11,
279,
23565,
593,
409,
9822,
323,
279,
3224,
596,
6020,
22139,
11,
279,
8792,
4147,
12374,
11,
323,
279,
6411,
10623,
11288,
13,
2030,
568,
1101,
28101,
33792,
11,
5675,
927,
220,
3443,
11,
931,
3026
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
5786,
1161,
1680,
19620,
23298,
11,
35979,
612,
35300,
11,
11346,
11,
9029,
198,
5966,
2046,
13160,
279,
220,
1049,
339,
22310,
315,
279,
4648,
315,
70527,
13789,
391,
20430,
13,
9176,
1274,
304,
9822,
5363,
70527,
439,
279,
12474,
8753,
1543,
323,
1070,
374,
912,
10712,
430,
70527,
5614,
279,
3925,
2225,
315,
9822,
323,
315,
279,
1917,
13,
1283,
2163,
27220,
14673,
389,
902,
6617,
9822,
706,
1027,
5918,
709,
25,
279,
23541,
1887,
315,
279,
90545,
82,
11,
279,
29576,
1286,
14338,
2082,
11,
279,
31752,
1887,
11,
279,
23565,
593,
409,
9822,
323,
279,
3224,
596,
6020,
22139,
11,
279,
8792,
4147,
12374,
11,
323,
279,
6411,
10623,
11288,
13,
2030,
568,
1101,
28101,
33792,
11,
5675,
927,
220,
3443,
11,
931,
3026,
-100
] |
Mythical Mondays is a weekly animated gif project started by Creative Director, Greg Gunn. The project is a celebration of mythological creatures by way of brightly colored, looping, animated gifs. New myths are released every Monday on the official Mythical Monday page.
The gifs below showcases a few select myths to help give you an idea of what the project is about. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 2,492 | [
128000,
5159,
339,
950,
91271,
374,
264,
17496,
11625,
39566,
2447,
3940,
555,
25248,
10783,
11,
16431,
66249,
13,
578,
2447,
374,
264,
25960,
315,
21849,
5848,
20566,
555,
1648,
315,
76389,
28296,
11,
63687,
11,
11625,
97013,
13,
1561,
51286,
527,
6004,
1475,
7159,
389,
279,
4033,
47595,
950,
7159,
2199,
627,
791,
97013,
3770,
71849,
264,
2478,
3373,
51286,
311,
1520,
3041,
499,
459,
4623,
315,
1148,
279,
2447,
374,
922,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
5159,
339,
950,
91271,
374,
264,
17496,
11625,
39566,
2447,
3940,
555,
25248,
10783,
11,
16431,
66249,
13,
578,
2447,
374,
264,
25960,
315,
21849,
5848,
20566,
555,
1648,
315,
76389,
28296,
11,
63687,
11,
11625,
97013,
13,
1561,
51286,
527,
6004,
1475,
7159,
389,
279,
4033,
47595,
950,
7159,
2199,
627,
791,
97013,
3770,
71849,
264,
2478,
3373,
51286,
311,
1520,
3041,
499,
459,
4623,
315,
1148,
279,
2447,
374,
922,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
Home Lifestyle R.Kelly breaks down in tears as he denies sexual abuse allegations in...
R.Kelly breaks down in tears as he denies sexual abuse allegations in a recent interview (Video)
Embattled American singer, R.Kelly, 52, who has been charged with 10 counts of aggravated criminal sexual abuse against four alleged victims sat down with CBS This Morning's Gayle King for his first interview since his sexual assault charges. The interview is set to air Wednesday.
In a teaser for the interview that will air in full over two days starting Wednesday on "CBS This Morning," Kelly said allegations he slept with underage girls are not true and a product of "people," whom he did not identify specifically in the released clip, "going back to my past."
"They're going back to the past and they trying to add all of this stuff now to that, to make all of the stuff that's going on now [feel] real to people," he tells Gayle King.
At one point, Kelly points to straight to the camera and says it would be stupid of him to hold girls against their will.
"Use your common sense. … Forget the blogs, forget how you feel about me. Hate me if you want to; love me if you want. But just use your common sense," he says, raising his voice. "How stupid would it be for me … with my crazy past and what I've been through?"
Kelly then appeared to begin crying as he said: "I didn't do this stuff. This is not me. I'm fighting for my f****** life."
Last month, the singer was indicted on 10 counts of aggravated criminal sexual abuse a class 2 felony involving four alleged victims. If convicted, Kelly faces three to seven years in prison for each count.
Watch the video below.
NEW: R&B singer R. Kelly, charged with aggravated sexual abuse, angrily denied the accusations in a new interview with @GayleKing, insisting the claims are "rumors" & "not true."
Kelly has pleaded not guilty; see the first clips here & watch @CBSThisMorning Wednesday at 7a ET. pic.twitter.com/5yT1QwPsIq— CBS Evening News (@CBSEveningNews) March 5, 2019
Previous articleBobrisky slams crossdresser JP Blush, calls Toyin Lawani a 'whore'
Next articleForbes Magazine Lists 4 Nigerians Among 13 Black Billionaires for 2019
80-year-old woman enrolls in primary one, says she hopes to become a teacher
Zlatan buys himself two new cars and a house
Nollywood actresses now steal dirty, clean panties – Uche Maduagwu alleges | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 9,384 | [
128000,
7778,
69256,
432,
11606,
12160,
18808,
1523,
304,
24014,
439,
568,
47591,
7392,
11737,
18873,
304,
9522,
49,
11606,
12160,
18808,
1523,
304,
24014,
439,
568,
47591,
7392,
11737,
18873,
304,
264,
3293,
7274,
320,
10955,
340,
99886,
1617,
839,
3778,
23597,
11,
432,
11606,
12160,
11,
220,
4103,
11,
889,
706,
1027,
11684,
449,
220,
605,
14921,
315,
63368,
9337,
7392,
11737,
2403,
3116,
10711,
12697,
7731,
1523,
449,
24991,
1115,
29084,
596,
21334,
273,
6342,
369,
813,
1176,
7274,
2533,
813,
7392,
11965,
10405,
13,
578,
7274,
374,
743,
311,
3805,
8079,
627,
644,
264,
70653,
369,
279,
7274,
430,
690,
3805,
304,
2539,
927,
1403,
2919,
6041,
8079,
389,
330,
60003,
1115,
29084,
1359,
19178,
1071,
18873,
568,
46498,
449,
88112,
7724,
527,
539
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
7778,
69256,
432,
11606,
12160,
18808,
1523,
304,
24014,
439,
568,
47591,
7392,
11737,
18873,
304,
9522,
49,
11606,
12160,
18808,
1523,
304,
24014,
439,
568,
47591,
7392,
11737,
18873,
304,
264,
3293,
7274,
320,
10955,
340,
99886,
1617,
839,
3778,
23597,
11,
432,
11606,
12160,
11,
220,
4103,
11,
889,
706,
1027,
11684,
449,
220,
605,
14921,
315,
63368,
9337,
7392,
11737,
2403,
3116,
10711,
12697,
7731,
1523,
449,
24991,
1115,
29084,
596,
21334,
273,
6342,
369,
813,
1176,
7274,
2533,
813,
7392,
11965,
10405,
13,
578,
7274,
374,
743,
311,
3805,
8079,
627,
644,
264,
70653,
369,
279,
7274,
430,
690,
3805,
304,
2539,
927,
1403,
2919,
6041,
8079,
389,
330,
60003,
1115,
29084,
1359,
19178,
1071,
18873,
568,
46498,
449,
88112,
7724,
527,
539,
-100
] |
"Start Them Young"
How the Firearms Industry and Gun Lobby Are Targeting Your Children
Click below to view the companion video for "Start Them Young."
Follow this link to download the study as a pdf.
Follow this link to read the press release.
Select Firearms Industry and Gun Lobby Quotes on Marketing Guns to Children From the Study
Following the Tobacco Industry's Path: The Search for Replacement Shooters
Davey Crickett, Little Jake, and the Marlin Man
"Tactical Rifles" for Kids
Guns in a Rainbow of Colors
The "Fiscal and Political" Benefits of Marketing Guns to Children
Junior Shooters: "For Kids By Kids"
NRA "Junior Members"
National Shooting Sports Foundation: The Gun Industry's Tobacco Institute
The Industry Finds Its "'Reality' Video Game" in 3-Gun Competition
The Reality of Children and Guns
Copyright and Acknowledgments
Copyright © February 2016 Violence Policy Center
The Violence Policy Center (VPC) is a national nonprofit educational organization that conducts research and public education on violence in America and provides information and analysis to policymakers, journalists, advocates, and the general public.
This publication was funded with the support of the Lisa & Douglas Goldman Fund.
Primary author for this study was Josh Sugarmann. Additional research and writing was provided by Marty Langley, Avery Palmer, Kristen Rand, and Jane Wiesenberg.
The VPC would like to express its sincere appreciation to Sue Roman for the photographs and companion video she contributed to the study. (See https://youtu.be/rjKXGN7hYcg for video).
For a complete list of VPC publications with document links, please visit http://vpc.org/publications/.
To help support the work of the Violence Policy Center by making a tax-deductible contribution, please visit www.vpc.org/contribute.htm.
The Title – "Start Them Young" is a section head of the 2012 National Shooting Sports Foundation (NSSF) publication Understanding Activities that Compete with Hunting and Target Shooting, 2011 Comprehensive Consumer Study, Executive Summary. NSSF is the official trade association for the firearms industry.
The Photo – "A chilling photograph of a small boy, gnawing on a pistol clutched in his tiny hands, dressed in camouflage and with a grenade and ammunition belt in his lap, was recovered from the weapon-filled home of Sandy Hook school gunman Adam Lanza….A family friend said that Lanza and his older brother were taught to shoot almost as soon as they could hold a weapon by their mother Nancy, a gun fanatic. But a spokesman for Mrs. Lanza's ex-husband, Peter, last night denied that the child in the uncaptioned photograph was either son." – "Sandy Hook report reveals Lanza children's early exposure to guns," The Telegraph, December 28, 2013 | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 6,414 | [
128000,
1,
3563,
49038,
13566,
702,
4438,
279,
83617,
24780,
323,
22450,
64066,
8886,
13791,
287,
4718,
15394,
198,
2677,
3770,
311,
1684,
279,
22489,
2835,
369,
330,
3563,
49038,
13566,
10246,
12763,
420,
2723,
311,
4232,
279,
4007,
439,
264,
13072,
627,
12763,
420,
2723,
311,
1373,
279,
3577,
4984,
627,
3461,
83617,
24780,
323,
22450,
64066,
36713,
389,
18729,
60565,
311,
15394,
5659,
279,
19723,
198,
28055,
279,
66210,
24780,
596,
8092,
25,
578,
7694,
369,
47312,
50366,
388,
198,
56830,
88,
59019,
83,
11,
15013,
33172,
11,
323,
279,
2947,
3817,
2418,
198,
96129,
37119,
90831,
645,
1,
369,
23338,
198,
38,
11099,
304,
264,
47745,
315,
9718,
198,
791,
330,
37,
16164,
323,
31597,
1,
39195,
315,
18729,
60565,
311,
15394,
198,
91808,
50366
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
1,
3563,
49038,
13566,
702,
4438,
279,
83617,
24780,
323,
22450,
64066,
8886,
13791,
287,
4718,
15394,
198,
2677,
3770,
311,
1684,
279,
22489,
2835,
369,
330,
3563,
49038,
13566,
10246,
12763,
420,
2723,
311,
4232,
279,
4007,
439,
264,
13072,
627,
12763,
420,
2723,
311,
1373,
279,
3577,
4984,
627,
3461,
83617,
24780,
323,
22450,
64066,
36713,
389,
18729,
60565,
311,
15394,
5659,
279,
19723,
198,
28055,
279,
66210,
24780,
596,
8092,
25,
578,
7694,
369,
47312,
50366,
388,
198,
56830,
88,
59019,
83,
11,
15013,
33172,
11,
323,
279,
2947,
3817,
2418,
198,
96129,
37119,
90831,
645,
1,
369,
23338,
198,
38,
11099,
304,
264,
47745,
315,
9718,
198,
791,
330,
37,
16164,
323,
31597,
1,
39195,
315,
18729,
60565,
311,
15394,
198,
91808,
50366,
-100
] |
President Barack Obama said in a taped interview with "Morning Joe" anchors Mika Brzezinski and Joe Scarborough that he believed an election win over Republican Mitt Romney would be a mandate for a lame-duck session debt reduction plan of spending cuts and tax increases on higher-income earners.
Obama, who taped the "Morning Joe" interview this weekend at a campaign rally in New Hampshire, said that he believed such a deal could get done in the lame-duck session of Congress or in the early months of next year.
BRZEZINSKI: So let's talk about the next four yeas and try and get as specific as possible. What is, how would you define your mandate for the next four years? And what is - I'd like to know the sacrifice that will not be asked of just the one percent but of the 99 percent as well.
OBAMA: Well, there's no doubt that our first order of business is going to be to get our deficits and debt under control. And the good thing is that there's a forcing mechanism. The Bush tax cuts end at the end of the year. We know that we've got the sequester looming. That wouldn't be the right thing to do things; that's taking a machete to something as opposed to a scalpel.
And after the election, I think that both Democrats and Republicans have to step back and say, you know what, this is something the country wants to solve. If I've won then I believe that's a mandate for doing it in a balanced way. We've already made a trillion dollar worth of cuts. We can do some more cuts. We can look at how deal with the healthcare costs in particular on the Medicare and Medicaid in a serious way. But we are also going to need some revenue.
If we get that piece done, and we kind of settle on the big question, "How much government are we going to have and how are we going to pay for it?" Then a lot of the other stuff falls into place.
Scarborough proceeded to ask Obama what would be different in a second term, noting that the makeup of Congress would likely remain the same — a Republican-controlled House of Representatives and a Democrat-controlled Senate.
Obama maintained that solving that "big question" of debt reduction would "clear away a lot of the ideological underbrush" separating Republicans and Democrats.
"And then now we can start looking at a whole bunch of other issues that, as I said, historically have not been that ideological," Obama said.
"Let's take an example. Republicans say I've over-regulated. ... I've said that I want to consolidate a whole bunch of government agencies. We should have one Secretary of Business, instead of nine different departments that are dealing with things like giving loans to SBA or helping companies with exports. There should be a one-stop shop. Now the reason we haven't done that is not because of some big ideological difference; it has to do with Congress talking a good game about wanting to streamline government but being very protective about not giving up their jurisdiction over various pieces of government.
"So there are going to be a whole bunch of things I think we can work on. The first thing, though, is let's go ahead and get settled: how big a government? How do we pay for it? If we solve that problem, and I think we can solve it and we have to solve it, then I think we'll be in a position to make some progress." | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 6,418 | [
128000,
27229,
24448,
7250,
1071,
304,
264,
83614,
7274,
449,
330,
85444,
13142,
1,
56539,
386,
11755,
3320,
3059,
89,
53977,
323,
13142,
86532,
430,
568,
11846,
459,
6355,
3243,
927,
9540,
33718,
26386,
1053,
387,
264,
35381,
369,
264,
61983,
12,
74070,
3882,
11897,
14278,
3197,
315,
10374,
15455,
323,
3827,
12992,
389,
5190,
32197,
97063,
627,
45437,
11,
889,
83614,
279,
330,
85444,
13142,
1,
7274,
420,
9178,
520,
264,
4901,
19768,
304,
1561,
31997,
11,
1071,
430,
568,
11846,
1778,
264,
3568,
1436,
636,
2884,
304,
279,
61983,
12,
74070,
3882,
315,
8151,
477,
304,
279,
4216,
4038,
315,
1828,
1060,
627,
13396,
53967,
57,
9751,
82071,
25,
2100,
1095,
596,
3137,
922,
279,
1828,
3116,
20043,
300,
323,
1456,
323,
636,
439,
3230,
439
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
27229,
24448,
7250,
1071,
304,
264,
83614,
7274,
449,
330,
85444,
13142,
1,
56539,
386,
11755,
3320,
3059,
89,
53977,
323,
13142,
86532,
430,
568,
11846,
459,
6355,
3243,
927,
9540,
33718,
26386,
1053,
387,
264,
35381,
369,
264,
61983,
12,
74070,
3882,
11897,
14278,
3197,
315,
10374,
15455,
323,
3827,
12992,
389,
5190,
32197,
97063,
627,
45437,
11,
889,
83614,
279,
330,
85444,
13142,
1,
7274,
420,
9178,
520,
264,
4901,
19768,
304,
1561,
31997,
11,
1071,
430,
568,
11846,
1778,
264,
3568,
1436,
636,
2884,
304,
279,
61983,
12,
74070,
3882,
315,
8151,
477,
304,
279,
4216,
4038,
315,
1828,
1060,
627,
13396,
53967,
57,
9751,
82071,
25,
2100,
1095,
596,
3137,
922,
279,
1828,
3116,
20043,
300,
323,
1456,
323,
636,
439,
3230,
439,
-100
] |
Matthew James Stanbridge (1876 – May 20, 1939) was a British-born Canadian politician who served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1920 to 1922.
Early life
Stanbridge was born in Worth Parish, Sussex, England and came to Western Canada in 1903.
Career
Stanbridge operated an insurance and real estate business in Winnipeg and became the owner of a meat-packing plant in Stonewall in 1912. Stanbridge served 15 years on the school board for Stonewall. He married Frances Rudderham.
He was elected to the Manitoba legislature in the 1920 provincial election as a Labour Party candidate in the St. Clements constituency. He defeated Liberal incumbent Donald A. Ross by 127 votes, and sat with the Labour parliamentary group in the legislative opposition for the next two years.
The Labour Party and its allies won eleven seats in the 1920 election, which occurred shortly after the Winnipeg General Strike of 1919. Their support had declined by the time of the 1922 election, and fell to six seats. Stanbridge, running for the Independent Labour Party in St. Clements, finished fourth in a field of four candidates in his bid for re-election.
He attempted to return to the legislature in the 1927 provincial election as a "Farmer-Labour" candidate, but finished a distant third against Progressive cabinet minister Robert Hoey.
Personal life
He died in the Winnipeg General Hospital at the age of 63.
References
Dominion Labour Party (Manitoba) MLAs
Independent Labour Party (Manitoba, 1920) politicians
1876 births
1939 deaths
British emigrants to Canada | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} | 586 | [
128000,
50988,
7957,
15560,
14024,
320,
9674,
21,
1389,
3297,
220,
508,
11,
220,
7285,
24,
8,
574,
264,
8013,
40260,
12152,
37038,
889,
10434,
439,
264,
4562,
315,
279,
68505,
12000,
315,
64340,
505,
220,
5926,
15,
311,
220,
5926,
17,
382,
42298,
2324,
720,
52059,
14024,
574,
9405,
304,
37246,
60347,
11,
70608,
11,
9635,
323,
3782,
311,
11104,
7008,
304,
220,
7028,
18,
382,
91293,
720,
52059,
14024,
24026,
459,
8276,
323,
1972,
12675,
2626,
304,
52982,
323,
6244,
279,
6506,
315,
264,
13339,
2320,
9162,
6136,
304,
36219,
365,
543,
304,
220,
7529,
17,
13,
15560,
14024,
10434,
220,
868,
1667,
389,
279,
2978,
4580,
369,
36219,
365,
543,
13,
1283,
12502,
43833,
432,
57229,
5721,
382,
1548,
574,
16689,
311,
279,
64340,
39856
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
50988,
7957,
15560,
14024,
320,
9674,
21,
1389,
3297,
220,
508,
11,
220,
7285,
24,
8,
574,
264,
8013,
40260,
12152,
37038,
889,
10434,
439,
264,
4562,
315,
279,
68505,
12000,
315,
64340,
505,
220,
5926,
15,
311,
220,
5926,
17,
382,
42298,
2324,
720,
52059,
14024,
574,
9405,
304,
37246,
60347,
11,
70608,
11,
9635,
323,
3782,
311,
11104,
7008,
304,
220,
7028,
18,
382,
91293,
720,
52059,
14024,
24026,
459,
8276,
323,
1972,
12675,
2626,
304,
52982,
323,
6244,
279,
6506,
315,
264,
13339,
2320,
9162,
6136,
304,
36219,
365,
543,
304,
220,
7529,
17,
13,
15560,
14024,
10434,
220,
868,
1667,
389,
279,
2978,
4580,
369,
36219,
365,
543,
13,
1283,
12502,
43833,
432,
57229,
5721,
382,
1548,
574,
16689,
311,
279,
64340,
39856,
-100
] |
Two foxes have been stolen from a wildlife hospital near Knutsford.
The animals – which were tame and named Alice and Rift – where stolen by intruders who broke open their pens at Lower Moss Wood Educational Nature Reserve and Wildlife Hospital.
The foxes were taken on Friday after volunteers arrived to find their pens empty and the locks of their doors smashed the next morning.
It is assumed that they have been stolen rather than let go as they have not been spotted in the vicinity of the wildlife hospital.
Alice had been at the sanctuary for three years after being raised at home by someone who found her as a cub. Rift was brought in last year following bite injuries to his ear.
The foxes have previously been featured in BBC's Countryfile before the theft.
The centre has been a target of thefts in the past, after another fox was stolen three years ago.
A fundraising page has been set up which has raised over £10,000 in just two days. The money will be used for fund CCTV, alarms and secure enclosures at the centre. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 1,877 | [
128000,
11874,
39935,
288,
617,
1027,
23130,
505,
264,
30405,
8952,
3221,
13934,
6256,
8350,
627,
791,
10099,
1389,
902,
1051,
82923,
323,
7086,
30505,
323,
57427,
1389,
1405,
23130,
555,
10805,
664,
388,
889,
14760,
1825,
872,
23423,
520,
28636,
44610,
12404,
46945,
22037,
25820,
323,
42649,
15429,
627,
791,
39935,
288,
1051,
4529,
389,
6740,
1306,
23872,
11721,
311,
1505,
872,
23423,
4384,
323,
279,
32776,
315,
872,
14365,
57520,
279,
1828,
6693,
627,
2181,
374,
19655,
430,
814,
617,
1027,
23130,
4856,
1109,
1095,
733,
439,
814,
617,
539,
1027,
30652,
304,
279,
53851,
315,
279,
30405,
8952,
627,
62786,
1047,
1027,
520,
279,
51639,
369,
2380,
1667,
1306,
1694,
9408,
520,
2162,
555,
4423,
889,
1766,
1077,
439,
264,
19250,
13,
57427,
574,
7263
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
11874,
39935,
288,
617,
1027,
23130,
505,
264,
30405,
8952,
3221,
13934,
6256,
8350,
627,
791,
10099,
1389,
902,
1051,
82923,
323,
7086,
30505,
323,
57427,
1389,
1405,
23130,
555,
10805,
664,
388,
889,
14760,
1825,
872,
23423,
520,
28636,
44610,
12404,
46945,
22037,
25820,
323,
42649,
15429,
627,
791,
39935,
288,
1051,
4529,
389,
6740,
1306,
23872,
11721,
311,
1505,
872,
23423,
4384,
323,
279,
32776,
315,
872,
14365,
57520,
279,
1828,
6693,
627,
2181,
374,
19655,
430,
814,
617,
1027,
23130,
4856,
1109,
1095,
733,
439,
814,
617,
539,
1027,
30652,
304,
279,
53851,
315,
279,
30405,
8952,
627,
62786,
1047,
1027,
520,
279,
51639,
369,
2380,
1667,
1306,
1694,
9408,
520,
2162,
555,
4423,
889,
1766,
1077,
439,
264,
19250,
13,
57427,
574,
7263,
-100
] |
of Real-time processing in general.
didn't much care for the previous model).
capable of achieving 12 months ago.
improvements can be made as hardware limitations become irrelevant.
Time, however, becomes the biggest factor.
will weigh heavily on the overall performance even in software. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 3,055 | [
128000,
1073,
8976,
7394,
8863,
304,
4689,
627,
97849,
956,
1790,
2512,
369,
279,
3766,
1646,
4390,
11600,
481,
315,
32145,
220,
717,
4038,
4227,
627,
318,
782,
12760,
649,
387,
1903,
439,
12035,
9669,
3719,
40815,
627,
1489,
11,
4869,
11,
9221,
279,
8706,
8331,
627,
14724,
17988,
17345,
389,
279,
8244,
5178,
1524,
304,
3241,
13,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
1073,
8976,
7394,
8863,
304,
4689,
627,
97849,
956,
1790,
2512,
369,
279,
3766,
1646,
4390,
11600,
481,
315,
32145,
220,
717,
4038,
4227,
627,
318,
782,
12760,
649,
387,
1903,
439,
12035,
9669,
3719,
40815,
627,
1489,
11,
4869,
11,
9221,
279,
8706,
8331,
627,
14724,
17988,
17345,
389,
279,
8244,
5178,
1524,
304,
3241,
13,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
@font-face {
font-family: 'Convergence';
font-style: normal;
font-weight: 400;
src: local('Convergence-Regular'), url(convergence.woff) format('woff');
} | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} | 4,698 | [
128000,
31,
4115,
30188,
341,
220,
3381,
17633,
25,
364,
1128,
81848,
1025,
220,
3381,
11549,
25,
4725,
280,
220,
3381,
12923,
25,
220,
3443,
280,
220,
2338,
25,
2254,
493,
1128,
81848,
88691,
4670,
2576,
18350,
81848,
13,
69685,
8,
3645,
493,
69685,
1177,
92,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256,
128256
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
] | [
31,
4115,
30188,
341,
220,
3381,
17633,
25,
364,
1128,
81848,
1025,
220,
3381,
11549,
25,
4725,
280,
220,
3381,
12923,
25,
220,
3443,
280,
220,
2338,
25,
2254,
493,
1128,
81848,
88691,
4670,
2576,
18350,
81848,
13,
69685,
8,
3645,
493,
69685,
1177,
92,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100,
-100
] |
Best answer: How many dreams does the average person have per night?
Do humans dream every night?
How long is the longest dream?
How many dreams does the average person have in a lifetime?
What is a normal amount of dreaming?
Is dreaming in color rare?
Do blind people dream?
How do I forget a dream forever?
Can you control your dream?
Why do I have haunted dreams?
How long is a second in a dream?
Are dreams signs?
How old is dream now?
Why do we forget dreams?
Why do we dream about certain people?
According to the National Sleep Foundation, the average person dreams four to six times per night. You might spend as much as 2 hours in dreamland over the course of a night's sleep, reports the National Institutes of Health.
Everyone dreams anywhere from 3 to 6 times each night. Dreaming is normal and a healthy part of sleeping. Dreams are a series of images, stories, emotions and feelings that occur throughout the stages of sleep. The dreams that you remember happen during the REM cycle of sleep.
The longest dreams—up to 45 minutes long—usually occur in the morning. There are certain things you can do before you go to bed to control your dreams.
The average person has between 3 and 8 dreams per night. If a person sleeps every night and lives 75 years, that's about 136,875 dreams in one lifetime.
The average person has three to five dreams per night, and some may have up to seven; however, most dreams are immediately or quickly forgotten. Dreams tend to last longer as the night progresses. During a full eight-hour night sleep, most dreams occur in the typical two hours of REM.
IT\'S AMAZING: Can you do a dream feed at 2am?
Not All Dreams Are in Color
While most people report dreaming in color, roughly 12% of people claim to only dream in black and white. 7 In studies where dreamers have been awakened and asked to select colors from a chart that match those in their dreams, soft pastel colors are those most frequently chosen.
People who were born blind have no understanding of how to see in their waking lives, so they can't see in their dreams. But most blind people lose their sight later in life and can dream visually. Danish research in 2014 found that as time passes, a blind person is less likely to dream in pictures.
How to Forget a Bad Dream
1 Get up and do something.
2 Write your dream down and change the ending.
3 Draw or paint your nightmare.
4 Practice mindfulness exercises.
5 Visualize yourself with a protective barrier around you.
6 Wake up your partner if you sleep with a partner.
When your head hits the pillow, for many it's lights out for the conscious part of you. But the cells firing in your brain are very much awake, sparking enough energy to produce the sometimes vivid and sometimes downright haunted dreams that take place during the rapid-eye-movement stage of your sleep.
IT\'S AMAZING: What does it mean to see wild animals in your dream?
In other words, each second in the real world takes almost six hours in limbo. Each hour in the real world would take two years and four months in the dream state. This is how Nolan set it up, but…
The theory states that dreams don't actually mean anything. Instead they're merely electrical brain impulses that pull random thoughts and imagery from our memories. … This is why Freud studied dreams to understand the unconscious mind. Therefore, according to Freud, your dreams reveal your repressed wishes to you.
And, while there's no one thing that can explain why our dreams feel like they're happening IRL, there are a few usual suspects. Stress, anxiety, heavy drinking, sleep disorders, medications, and pregnancy could all be to blame for those vivid dreams.
WE FORGET almost all dreams soon after waking up. Our forgetfulness is generally attributed to neurochemical conditions in the brain that occur during REM sleep, a phase of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming. … The dreaming/reverie end involves some of the most creative and "far out" material.
When you dream about someone, it is usually a reflection of how you feel about them in your waking life. Your dream may be telling you to pay attention to that person in your waking life. Your subconscious may be trying to connect the dots on something and needs your conscious mind to help them figure it out.
IT\'S AMAZING: You asked: What does it mean to dream of someone headless? | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 8,640 | [
128000,
14809,
4320,
25,
2650,
1690,
19226,
1587,
279,
5578,
1732,
617,
824,
3814,
5380,
5519,
12966,
8063,
1475,
3814,
5380,
4438,
1317,
374,
279,
22807,
8063,
5380,
4438,
1690,
19226,
1587,
279,
5578,
1732,
617,
304,
264,
19569,
5380,
3923,
374,
264,
4725,
3392,
315,
56774,
5380,
3957,
56774,
304,
1933,
9024,
5380,
5519,
18507,
1274,
8063,
5380,
4438,
656,
358,
10894,
264,
8063,
16058,
5380,
6854,
499,
2585,
701,
8063,
5380,
10445,
656,
358,
617,
57775,
19226,
5380,
4438,
1317,
374,
264,
2132,
304,
264,
8063,
5380,
11787,
19226,
12195,
5380,
4438,
2362,
374,
8063,
1457,
5380,
10445,
656,
584,
10894,
19226,
5380,
10445,
656,
584,
8063,
922,
3738,
1274,
5380,
11439,
311,
279,
5165,
24708,
5114,
11,
279,
5578,
1732,
19226,
3116,
311,
4848,
3115
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
14809,
4320,
25,
2650,
1690,
19226,
1587,
279,
5578,
1732,
617,
824,
3814,
5380,
5519,
12966,
8063,
1475,
3814,
5380,
4438,
1317,
374,
279,
22807,
8063,
5380,
4438,
1690,
19226,
1587,
279,
5578,
1732,
617,
304,
264,
19569,
5380,
3923,
374,
264,
4725,
3392,
315,
56774,
5380,
3957,
56774,
304,
1933,
9024,
5380,
5519,
18507,
1274,
8063,
5380,
4438,
656,
358,
10894,
264,
8063,
16058,
5380,
6854,
499,
2585,
701,
8063,
5380,
10445,
656,
358,
617,
57775,
19226,
5380,
4438,
1317,
374,
264,
2132,
304,
264,
8063,
5380,
11787,
19226,
12195,
5380,
4438,
2362,
374,
8063,
1457,
5380,
10445,
656,
584,
10894,
19226,
5380,
10445,
656,
584,
8063,
922,
3738,
1274,
5380,
11439,
311,
279,
5165,
24708,
5114,
11,
279,
5578,
1732,
19226,
3116,
311,
4848,
3115,
-100
] |
voter list uluberia purba
(ii) 1 mole of carbon is burnt in 16 g of dioxygen. The transition metals, groups 3–12 in the periodic table, are generally characterized by partially filled d subshells in the free elements or their cations. (s,p,d,f blocks) Metals prefer to eliminate electrons and form positive ions always and ionic compounds in most occasions. Transition metals are found in groups 3 through 12 on the periodic table, and each transition metal may have several oxidation states. Copyright © 2020 saralstudy.com. Oxidation states . oxidation state shown by a p-block element is equal to the total number of valence electrons (i.e., the sum of the s-and p-electrons). The oxidation state of an element in a given compound may be defined as the charge acquired by its atom on the basis of electronegativity of the other atoms in the molecule. Write the resonance structures of CO2-3 and HCO-3. Oxidation State of Group 16. NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Maths Hindi English Math, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Science English Hindi SST, Class 11 Maths Ncert Solutions Biology Chemistry English Physics, Class 12 Maths Ncert Solutions Chemistry Biology Physics pdf, Class 1 Model Test Papers Download in pdf, Class 5 Model Test Papers Download in pdf, Class 6 Model Test Papers Download in pdf, Class 7 Model Test Papers Download in pdf, Class 8 Model Test Papers Download in pdf, Class 9 Model Test Papers Download in pdf, Class 10 Model Test Papers Download in pdf, Class 11 Model Test Papers Download in pdf, Class 12 Model Test Papers Download in pdf. On the other hand, Mn shows the highest oxidation state of +4 with fluorine because it can form a single bond only.ii) Transition metals show variable oxidation states due to the participation of ns and (n-1)d- electrons in bonding. Including reviewing Metals and Non-Metals, we will highlight the trends and their explanations of the 14th Group. NULL. (ii) C to Pb- they belongs to group 14 in periodic table & are also called carbon family with electronic configuration of ns2 np2. The oxidation state of a normal element is directly or indirectly related to the group number to which the element belongs in the table of elements. Calculate the amount of carbon dioxide that could be produced when. How can you explain higher stability of BCl3 as compared to TlCl3? Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass. If the total Consider the compounds, BCl3 and CCl4. Some elements in the periodic table have only one oxidation number or two oxidation numbers. How do you count for the following observations? We prepare quality content and notes for Variation of electronegativity in the periodic table topic under chemistry theory and study material. Explain structures of diborane and boric acid. Describes the increasing tendency as you go down Group 4 of the Periodic Table of elements to form compounds in which the element has an oxidation state of +2. In a reaction A + B2 → AB2 Identify the limiting reagent, if any, in the following reaction mixtures. Home; Periodic Chart; PDF; Timeline; Dictionary; Quiz; Games; Resources; Electron Configuration; Monoatomic Ions Oxidation Numbers. Why? Write the general outer electronic configuration of s-, p-, d- and f- block elements. Today's post is another variation on the theme: a perio… The above table can be used to conclude that boron (a Group III element) will typically have an oxidation state of +3, and nitrogen (a group V element) an oxidation state of -3. The atoms of these elements have 3 valence electrons, two in s subshell & one in p subshell, therefore all these elements show a maximum of + 3 oxidation state. We provide step by step Variation of electronegativity in the periodic table question's answers with 100% plagiarism free content. The Covalent and Van der Waals radii decrease with an increase in the atomic number as we move from left to right in a period. There is a recurring pattern called the "periodic law" in their properties, in which elements in the same column (group) have similar properties. Metals and Non-Metals. Oxidation state in Periodic table . The stability of the +3 oxidation state decreases on moving down the group. Transition metals are not included, as they tend to exhibit a variety of oxidation states. As we move across a period from left to right, the number of valence electron increases from 1 to 8 . Variation along a period . Explain why is there a phenomenal decrease in ionisation enthalpy from carbon to silicon? Oxidation states one way of taking into account the number of electrons being lost or gained in a redox reaction is by looking at an elements oxidation state or its oxidation … For example: Scandium has one unpaired electron in the d-orbital. Most metals tend to easily lose their valence or outermost electrons giving them positive oxidation states while non-metals in general tend to accept electrons better resulting to negative oxidation states. This is because of the inert pair effect. (iii) 100 atoms of A + 100 molecules of B. (Although the metals of group 12 do not have partially filled d shells, their chemistry is similar in many ways to that of the preceding groups, and we therefore include them in our discussion.) Mass numbers in parentheses are mass numbers of the most stable or common isotope. There are a whole host of periodic tables out there, and I've already added to the pile with a periodic table of data previously. The number of each element corresponds to the number of protons in its nucleus (which is the same as the number of electrons orbiting that nucleus). Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass. The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements. However, the +2 oxidation state becomes more and more common on moving down the group. Iron and 30.1 % dioxygen by mass ) by group atoms of a + B2 AB2... To 12 all Subject oxidation state in periodic table the variation of atomic Radii in the p orbital - the... And electronegativity tabular arrangement of the metals in the periodic table have one. Nitrogen Sulfur iron manganese many elements in the periodic table variation Within a group of group 14 in periodic. Regarded as variation of oxidation state in periodic table real charge of the other oxidation states ; Click to enlarge trifluoride behave a! Chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75 % of all baryonic mass aslo visit our Facebook page given! Not correct ICSE and UP board halogens have the same oxidation states varies, but of these the... Less stable, Bismuth hardly forms any compounds with -3 oxidation state CH3COONa ) required to react completely 25. ( iii ) 100 atoms of a gas is more dangerous than carbon dioxide that be... Manganese dioxide stable or common isotope dioxide that could be produced when summarized in the following chart: oxidation! Electronegativity, non-polar and polar bonds, and oxidation number of element in its elemental form ( d ).! Than Se so it will be larger a variety of oxidation states element Nitrogen Sulfur manganese..., CHCl3, supposed to be 5.46 g/dm3 at 27 °C at 2 bar pressure density of a + →. Has 69.9 % iron and 30.1 % dioxygen by mass electric configuration as s! Periodicity in properties, Organic Chemistry some basic Principles and Techniques the chemical elements monoxide gas is more than! Negative or may be zero, Bismuth hardly forms any compounds with oxidation... `` the oxidation state 0 occurs for all elements – it is simply the element number, symbol. Etc ) Radii in the Universe, constituting roughly 75 % of baryonic. The alkali metals have the highest, etc ) every element often found in groups 3 through 12 the... Alkali metals have the highest can exist in more than one oxidation number of ( i ) B to (. 4 ( methane ) element number, element symbol, element name atomic weights and oxidation numbers of elements Subject! Nuclear charge if the oxidation numbers all positive TI ( ii variation of oxidation state in periodic table 1 mole of carbon dioxide gas unstable... In ionisation enthalpy from carbon to silicon electric configuration as n s 2 n p 1 discuss of. Metals are located in all blocks of the +3 oxidation state is −4, carbon! Has gained 2 electrons +2 oxidation state becomes more and more common on moving down the periodic table less... Are located in all blocks of the other oxidation states Definitions with Examples state decreases on moving the. Therefore the alkali metals '' then the statement is not correct the oxidation! For CBSE, ICSE and UP board states of all of the atom to why CO is poisonous in 4. Several oxidation states as their group numbers are for CBSE, ICSE and UP board than dioxide. At 11:49 metals Characteristics variation in periodic table Definitions with Examples model: carbon monoxide gas is found to severely. The +2 oxidation state and valency are one of the periodic table of oxidation states of. Using the VSEPR model: carbon monoxide gas is more dangerous than carbon dioxide gas, describe the orbital the! Found in groups VIIl and IB have important catalytic properties in sidebar, but follows some patterns the sample... Table is a tabular arrangement of the other oxidation states tend to exhibit a variety of oxidation states their. 4 ( methane ) element symbol element name atomic weights and oxidation numbers the! Going down a group a phenomenal decrease in size and increase in nuclear charge 100 molecules of B ; ;... A free educational website for CBSE, ICSE and UP board ) amphoteric C... By C-Metal bonds is not a redox process across a period from left to.. Is found to be carcinogenic in nature presence of the most oxidized is CO 2, sodium only +1... Of BCl3 as compared to TlCl3 video is highly rated by Class 12 students and has been transferred e.g! Element is zero in its totally free state these elements are -3, +3 +5! Of each element have the lowest value, while the halogens have the variation of oxidation state in periodic table value, the... Becomes less stable i put hydrogen aside of an element is zero in its elemental.! Notations, describe the orbital with the help of electron configurations only forms +1 oxidation of... Is organized in order of increasing atomic number molecules of B trend here ;. Bcl3 molecule has zero dipole moment variation in the oxidation state J, calculate its wavelength properties!, Organic Chemistry some basic Principles and Techniques as a Lewis acid most abundant chemical in! Theme: a periodic table showing the possible and common oxidation state in periodic table the! Alkali metals '' then the statement is not correct group 16 belongs to the p-block of the periodic table are! Reaction mixtures from left to right variation Within a group information of oxidation.... 16 belongs to the p-block of the most abundant chemical substance in compound... Of element in a reaction decreases by 2, it has gained 2 electrons most common elements group... – it is simply the element number, element symbol, element symbol, element symbol element. Has gained 2 electrons the atomic number element symbol, element name and atomic weights oxidation. Groups 3 through 12 on the periodic table, and each transition may! What is the basic difference between the terms electron gain enthalpy and electronegativity sample of drinking water found! The metals in the periodic table showing the possible and common oxidation states these! Carbon is CH 4, the oxidation state +2 is stable for the elements of the elements the... Discuss the pattern of variation in periodic table of elements period, electronegativity increases from to. Some elements in the periodic table becomes more variation of oxidation state in periodic table more common on moving down the periodic table is tabular! As to why CO is poisonous to get quick help s-, p-, d- and f- block.! A general trend here gain enthalpy and electronegativity of 0.375 molar aqueous solution basic. Grams of HCl react with 5.0 g of dioxygen become less stable going down a group information oxidation... ( methane ) 2 electrons the element in a compound can be studied with the quantum. % iron and 30.1 % dioxygen by mass ) ), etc ) also the! The mass of sodium acetate is 82.0245 g mol–1 enters in the periodic have! Caco3 is required to react completely with 25 mL of 0.75 M HCl required to react completely with 25 of... Responsible for global warming students and has been transferred going down a group of their structures sodium (. With electric configuration as n s 2 n p 1 possible oxidation this... One unit, one electron most fundamental properties of diamond and graphite on the table. Numbers of monoatomic ions in periodic table, and oxidation number of element in compound... Therefore the alkali metals at the extreme left of the alkali metals the... And oxidation numbers quality content and notes for variation of electronegativity, non-polar polar! Sodium only forms +1 oxidation number is 9.1 × 10–31 kg represent theoretical or unconfirmed oxidation of...
Phased Return To Work After Stress, Oregon Grape Identification, Before Me Meaning, Money Pocket Mockup, 2006 Mercedes Ml350 Price, Hoya Multiflora Propagation, Protec Pro Pac Trumpet Case, New Homes In Plano, Tx, Famas Modern Warfare, Words To Describe How Snow Feels, Rage Woodward Book, Needs Assessment Models Comparison, | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 335 | [
128000,
85,
26464,
1160,
8725,
30970,
689,
4087,
4749,
198,
31834,
8,
220,
16,
35751,
315,
12782,
374,
50440,
304,
220,
845,
342,
315,
65570,
19472,
13,
578,
9320,
37182,
11,
5315,
220,
18,
4235,
717,
304,
279,
39445,
2007,
11,
527,
8965,
32971,
555,
26310,
10409,
294,
1207,
939,
6572,
304,
279,
1949,
5540,
477,
872,
272,
811,
13,
320,
82,
7385,
12260,
17514,
10215,
8,
93815,
10932,
311,
22472,
57678,
323,
1376,
6928,
65125,
2744,
323,
220,
21427,
32246,
304,
1455,
25975,
13,
38821,
37182,
527,
1766,
304,
5315,
220,
18,
1555,
220,
717,
389,
279,
39445,
2007,
11,
323,
1855,
9320,
9501,
1253,
617,
3892,
71162,
5415,
13,
3028,
7388,
220,
2366,
15,
29147,
278,
56065,
916,
13,
51715,
307,
367,
5415,
662,
71162,
1614
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
85,
26464,
1160,
8725,
30970,
689,
4087,
4749,
198,
31834,
8,
220,
16,
35751,
315,
12782,
374,
50440,
304,
220,
845,
342,
315,
65570,
19472,
13,
578,
9320,
37182,
11,
5315,
220,
18,
4235,
717,
304,
279,
39445,
2007,
11,
527,
8965,
32971,
555,
26310,
10409,
294,
1207,
939,
6572,
304,
279,
1949,
5540,
477,
872,
272,
811,
13,
320,
82,
7385,
12260,
17514,
10215,
8,
93815,
10932,
311,
22472,
57678,
323,
1376,
6928,
65125,
2744,
323,
220,
21427,
32246,
304,
1455,
25975,
13,
38821,
37182,
527,
1766,
304,
5315,
220,
18,
1555,
220,
717,
389,
279,
39445,
2007,
11,
323,
1855,
9320,
9501,
1253,
617,
3892,
71162,
5415,
13,
3028,
7388,
220,
2366,
15,
29147,
278,
56065,
916,
13,
51715,
307,
367,
5415,
662,
71162,
1614,
-100
] |
Home » Howard to Offer Queer Studies Course in Fall 2019 for First Time Ever
By Mykie Bennett, Staff Reporter
On Monday April 22, it was announced Howard University would add a highly anticipated new course. Beginning in the Fall of 2019 students at Howard will have the opportunity to enroll in a Queer Studies course. The course will be offered under the classics department, focusing on LGBTQ+ history and presence in both antiquity and contemporary life. Another course will be potentially offered under the department of political science, focusing on policies that directly affect the LGBTQ+ community across the diaspora.
The existence of these courses can be attributed to Justin Calhoun, a junior political science major who served as the 2018-2019 President of CASCADE. Calhoun began the work to make the class a reality in the spring of his freshman year.
"We're at Howard University so we take all these black courses so we know a lot about where we came from and where we're going. I felt really developed in my black identity but I wanted to learn more about where it intersects with my queer identity in a classroom settings with discussion," said Calhoun.
The aim of the course is to interrogate queerness the same way Howard interrogates blackness. The mission mirrors CASCADE's slogan, "As queer as it is black."
The evolution of the class from a simple idea to an actuality was not simple. In 2017, Calhoun began approaching professors and submitting proposals in an attempt to make his dream a reality. He acknowledges that during that time he found himself getting instruction on how to file the paperwork to get the ball rolling on creating the course to offer to students, but had no action plan.
That changed this past year when Calhoun was tasked in his Administrative Law class to change a policy on campus. The classroom assignment aligned with CASCADE's policy goal of adding the Queer Studies course. Calhoun threw his full weight behind the initiative aimed to provide lasting change for LGBTQ+ students on Howard's campus.
One of those students is Imani Bryant, a sophomore political science major. They feel that the inclusion of the course is validation that their identity is not a new phenomenon.
"Too often I've heard people say that being queer is some new thing my generation came up with, but seeing queerness taught as history and as a part of political thought affirms my identity and place within the world," said Bryant.
Senior Staff 2018-2019 Sign Off | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 9,745 | [
128000,
7778,
8345,
20462,
311,
25510,
9605,
261,
19241,
17026,
304,
15128,
220,
679,
24,
369,
5629,
4212,
18374,
198,
1383,
3092,
31422,
39386,
11,
17381,
48081,
198,
1966,
7159,
5936,
220,
1313,
11,
433,
574,
7376,
20462,
3907,
1053,
923,
264,
7701,
30199,
502,
3388,
13,
52950,
304,
279,
15128,
315,
220,
679,
24,
4236,
520,
20462,
690,
617,
279,
6776,
311,
52880,
304,
264,
9605,
261,
19241,
3388,
13,
578,
3388,
690,
387,
9076,
1234,
279,
53805,
9476,
11,
21760,
389,
51042,
10,
3925,
323,
9546,
304,
2225,
61386,
488,
323,
19225,
2324,
13,
13596,
3388,
690,
387,
13893,
9076,
1234,
279,
9476,
315,
5054,
8198,
11,
21760,
389,
10396,
430,
6089,
7958,
279,
51042,
10,
4029,
4028,
279,
41470,
71764,
627,
791,
14209,
315,
1521
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
7778,
8345,
20462,
311,
25510,
9605,
261,
19241,
17026,
304,
15128,
220,
679,
24,
369,
5629,
4212,
18374,
198,
1383,
3092,
31422,
39386,
11,
17381,
48081,
198,
1966,
7159,
5936,
220,
1313,
11,
433,
574,
7376,
20462,
3907,
1053,
923,
264,
7701,
30199,
502,
3388,
13,
52950,
304,
279,
15128,
315,
220,
679,
24,
4236,
520,
20462,
690,
617,
279,
6776,
311,
52880,
304,
264,
9605,
261,
19241,
3388,
13,
578,
3388,
690,
387,
9076,
1234,
279,
53805,
9476,
11,
21760,
389,
51042,
10,
3925,
323,
9546,
304,
2225,
61386,
488,
323,
19225,
2324,
13,
13596,
3388,
690,
387,
13893,
9076,
1234,
279,
9476,
315,
5054,
8198,
11,
21760,
389,
10396,
430,
6089,
7958,
279,
51042,
10,
4029,
4028,
279,
41470,
71764,
627,
791,
14209,
315,
1521,
-100
] |
Setlist: Interview with Madame Gandhi
By Yasi Salek for Setlist
Kiran Gandhi isn't a woman who is into limitations. In fact, the bleach blonde bad ass might very well be vying for the position of "most interesting person in the world" (move over, Dos Equis guy) – to date, she has racked up enough titles to have her own section at the public library. Gandhi is an activist, a writer, a feminist, a poet, a musician (and former drummer for MIA, no less), and a Harvard MBA-holder, all of which she synthesizes into Madame Gandhi, her multi-dimensional music project. Her debut EP, Voices, was released just last year, and the outspoken artist quickly landed gigs at iconic LA venue The Smell, Lighting In A Bottle festival, and last weekend's Pitchfork Music Fest, no small feat for a brand new act.
We caught up with Gandhi after her epic performance in Chicago:
You've put out one EP so far, and it features only five (very awesome) songs. Does that make putting together a set list for a show, let alone a festival like Pitchfork, difficult? How do you approach it?
That is a great question. I think one of the toughest parts about designing a set list is designing the energy. And for me, I talk about a three dimensional femininity, which is the idea that we as women and we as people are able to exhibit both our power, like with the songs that are super focused on combatting inequality and combatting social injustice and fighting for our rights, and also the songs that are more emotional and more focused on love and vulnerability, or maybe missing somebody or wanting to be a better person.
Madame Gandhi Setlist 7/14
So in the set list I design what's called a "U shaped" set, where the top and the end of the shows are very high energy and high power. And the middle of the show is very introspective and very peaceful and very vulnerable…That's how I think about a set list. I think about it in two ways. One, explorations of three-dimensional constructions of femininity, as well as designing for high energetic moments and lower, more introspective moments.
Madame Gandhi – By Barry Brecheisen
You studied at Harvard Business School. Do you ever think about applying economic theory to set lists? Like supply and demand?
Damn, that's f**king genius. I never thought about that. I guess one thing that it could mean in my mind is like putting things in the set list that aren't out yet. People get really stoked on [the song] and then go and find it. One thing that I did learn from my time at business school was really thinking about always contributing to your audience, and always contributing to the joy of somebody else. You will always be relevant as an artist, as a person, as a worker, when you are thinking about how to contribute to the joy of somebody else. And a lot of times as artists we can be narcissistic, you know, we can say, "I want them to love me", but that's not really the point.
The point is actually to make somebody else feel joyful and elevated and inspired when they leave your show. And I think designing a set list that has high energy at the start and finish, with the introspective vulnerability in the middle, is really responsible because it shows everybody that it's okay. It's okay to have both moments and it's okay to not feel your best at times and that all of us do, and here's me showing you what that looks like on a stage…in the most honest way I can.
Madame Gandhi live at Pitchfork Fest 2017 – By Barry Brecheisen
You've toured the world with M.I.A, as her drummer. What did you learn about live shows and performing from that experience?
Oh my god, I learned so much. First of all, I had played with M.I.A at Pitchfork Fest four years ago, so that was a full circle homecoming which felt really, really good. And I learned about tour management…I learned about covering all of your bases. I also learned that the best teams are able to be flexible with the inspiration of the artist at the moment.
In the daytime M.I.A would get an idea to break a coconut on stage or to bring Indian prayer bells on stage or to reverse the set list because this audience was seeking a dance party as opposed to something moody, and when I learned that, that inspired me deeply. Because my emotions and ideas are always changing and I also love to adapt the set list to the audience. [M.I.A] would make us like go out and buy Indian prayer bells in the middle of downtown Montreal, right before the show, or she would tell her team to flip the set list on its head, because for example, she didn't want to play "Born Free" because the audience just wanted to turn up, they didn't want to be hip to political issues at the time.
So that kind of goes back to the theme I talked about earlier, which is always be giving to your audience. What is it they want to do, and how can you be your best self? Even a month ago, I was doing a show in London and no one knew my work at all. It was in the venue room of a hotel. About 4 or 5 songs in, after I performed my own music and I noticed the audience losing focus over my work, just talking to each other. I realized they're just here to meet each other and hang out and to turn up, and so I decided to just switch over to a DJ set and I honored the audience and thanked them for letting me perform my original music. It really worked and it made them love my work even more, because I was dialed into their needs as an entertainer.
So my advice to anyone listening, is be flexible with your set list, and be flexible with your performance for that day. The artists that are the most dialed into the needs of their audience members are the ones who really thrive, and the set list makes or breaks that.
What's in the pipeline for you as an artist?
I definitely am excited to put out a full-length album. I want to think about how I can weave my spoken word and activism into my music, in one musical body of work, and then also I am really excited about merchandise to be honest. That's another thing in my pipeline that's going to be really good.
Keep up with Madame Gandhi's bright future, and her upcoming shows, on her website.
← Vogue: Meet Madame Gandhi, the Activist Musician With Bold Monochromatic Style
Wanderlust Squaw Valley → | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 5,026 | [
128000,
1681,
1638,
25,
32567,
449,
84276,
48994,
198,
1383,
816,
10426,
13618,
74,
369,
2638,
1638,
198,
42,
55790,
48994,
4536,
956,
264,
5333,
889,
374,
1139,
9669,
13,
763,
2144,
11,
279,
83451,
27117,
3958,
1089,
2643,
1633,
1664,
387,
348,
7169,
369,
279,
2361,
315,
330,
3646,
7185,
1732,
304,
279,
1917,
1,
320,
3479,
927,
11,
58020,
469,
9383,
7564,
8,
1389,
311,
2457,
11,
1364,
706,
100141,
709,
3403,
15671,
311,
617,
1077,
1866,
3857,
520,
279,
586,
6875,
13,
48994,
374,
459,
28941,
11,
264,
7061,
11,
264,
38012,
11,
264,
40360,
11,
264,
39844,
320,
438,
4846,
69046,
369,
386,
5987,
11,
912,
2753,
705,
323,
264,
25996,
54554,
66509,
11,
682,
315,
902,
1364,
52389,
4861,
1139,
84276,
48994,
11
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
1681,
1638,
25,
32567,
449,
84276,
48994,
198,
1383,
816,
10426,
13618,
74,
369,
2638,
1638,
198,
42,
55790,
48994,
4536,
956,
264,
5333,
889,
374,
1139,
9669,
13,
763,
2144,
11,
279,
83451,
27117,
3958,
1089,
2643,
1633,
1664,
387,
348,
7169,
369,
279,
2361,
315,
330,
3646,
7185,
1732,
304,
279,
1917,
1,
320,
3479,
927,
11,
58020,
469,
9383,
7564,
8,
1389,
311,
2457,
11,
1364,
706,
100141,
709,
3403,
15671,
311,
617,
1077,
1866,
3857,
520,
279,
586,
6875,
13,
48994,
374,
459,
28941,
11,
264,
7061,
11,
264,
38012,
11,
264,
40360,
11,
264,
39844,
320,
438,
4846,
69046,
369,
386,
5987,
11,
912,
2753,
705,
323,
264,
25996,
54554,
66509,
11,
682,
315,
902,
1364,
52389,
4861,
1139,
84276,
48994,
11,
-100
] |
New Study Reveals How Food Trucks Are Affecting Restaurants
Gorodenkoff/Shutterstock
By Felix Behr/Feb. 11, 2022 4:11 pm EST
A report by the Institute for Justice has come out which looks into whether the presence of food trucks has an adverse effect on the local restaurant industry. The traditional argument is that since food trucks are mobile and can (due to lower operating costs) charge lower prices than a restaurant, they have an unfair advantage in the marketplace.
Dr. Dick Carpenter, the Institute's Senior Director of Strategic Research and report's co-author, explained to ABC4 that "The results of this study provide strong evidence that restaurants have nothing to fear when it comes to food trucks. Far from threatening to put restaurants out of business, food trucks can coexist with restaurants and may even help the restaurant industry grow."
The data the report presents suggests that food trucks are not a predator on more firmly rooted restaurants. The average food truck to restaurant ratio in each county across the country is 1 to 145, with both experiencing growth over the time period studied. So it's more than likely that these two business models can co-exist happily. The conclusion the Institute for Justice has drawn from this, then, is that food truck entrepreneurs have suffered unfairly under local laws that were designed to keep restaurants competitive. Their recommendation is to repeal or loosen the more onerous restrictions that keep food trucks from achieving a more stable business model.
Change might not happen anyway
Lucky Business/Shutterstock
Despite the report's recommendations, change seems unlikely to occur, because the reservations local governments have included more than worries about the success of restaurants. ABC4's coverage of the report begins with noting how, in 2017, after Utah made moves to ease food truck restrictions, local governments managed to make the process more difficult.
In 2019 when the town board of Southampton, New York moved against a measure promoted by local farmers that would allow them to license space to food trucks, it wasn't just because there were restaurants around. Even though that was a cited reason, it came third after "cooking smells in a residential neighborhood" and "increased traffic."
Traffic concerns also raised their head in Washington D.C. in 2018, the Foggy Bottom and West End Advisory Neighborhood Commission worried that the sheer number of food trucks was obstructing traffic and clogging fire lanes in the busiest parts of the neighborhood.
Of course, these examples are from pre-pandemic times. In a post-COVID world, and all the restaurant closures that come with it, it's possible that local governments will change their tunes. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 5,856 | [
128000,
3648,
19723,
67653,
1147,
2650,
12369,
86435,
8886,
362,
1740,
287,
59193,
198,
38,
269,
55836,
74,
1885,
77302,
63696,
198,
1383,
57023,
14954,
81,
12598,
3141,
13,
220,
806,
11,
220,
2366,
17,
220,
19,
25,
806,
9012,
26963,
198,
32,
1934,
555,
279,
10181,
369,
12007,
706,
2586,
704,
902,
5992,
1139,
3508,
279,
9546,
315,
3691,
27861,
706,
459,
31959,
2515,
389,
279,
2254,
10960,
5064,
13,
578,
8776,
5811,
374,
430,
2533,
3691,
27861,
527,
6505,
323,
649,
320,
24567,
311,
4827,
10565,
7194,
8,
6900,
4827,
7729,
1109,
264,
10960,
11,
814,
617,
459,
28743,
9610,
304,
279,
30633,
627,
9023,
13,
23373,
68138,
11,
279,
10181,
596,
19903,
10783,
315,
46661,
8483,
323,
1934,
596,
1080,
43802,
11,
11497,
311,
19921
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
3648,
19723,
67653,
1147,
2650,
12369,
86435,
8886,
362,
1740,
287,
59193,
198,
38,
269,
55836,
74,
1885,
77302,
63696,
198,
1383,
57023,
14954,
81,
12598,
3141,
13,
220,
806,
11,
220,
2366,
17,
220,
19,
25,
806,
9012,
26963,
198,
32,
1934,
555,
279,
10181,
369,
12007,
706,
2586,
704,
902,
5992,
1139,
3508,
279,
9546,
315,
3691,
27861,
706,
459,
31959,
2515,
389,
279,
2254,
10960,
5064,
13,
578,
8776,
5811,
374,
430,
2533,
3691,
27861,
527,
6505,
323,
649,
320,
24567,
311,
4827,
10565,
7194,
8,
6900,
4827,
7729,
1109,
264,
10960,
11,
814,
617,
459,
28743,
9610,
304,
279,
30633,
627,
9023,
13,
23373,
68138,
11,
279,
10181,
596,
19903,
10783,
315,
46661,
8483,
323,
1934,
596,
1080,
43802,
11,
11497,
311,
19921,
-100
] |
Week 1 4A/5A Preview
Here is a look at what's coming up in 4A/5A in our area this week.
I'll start with the Spartanburg Nutrition Game of the Week which is Byrnes at Chapman. The Rebels enter this week coming off of an impressive 55-14 win over Greer. Quarterback Gabe Rogers led the way for the offense finishing with 239 yards and 5 touchdowns through the air, as Byrnes rolled up over 500 yards of total offense in the game.
The Panthers were off last week and will kick off year two under Coach Harry Cabaniss this Friday. Expectations are high in Inman again, as they have an explosive offense of their own led by returning quarterback Drew Settle.
This game could see plenty of offensive fireworks but I think the Byrnes defense, which held Greer to just 189 total yards, will end up being the difference. I will be at this game and I expect to see a highly competitive game for four quarters.
Another interesting game this week is Boiling Springs at Dorman. The Cavaliers fell in their season opener against Clover 20-7. The Bulldogs were off last week.
Dorman used two quarterbacks last week, with Hudson Talley finishing with 101 yards passing and Chamarrys Bomar ending up with 57 yards rushing. Neither player played particularly well as the Cavs finished with just 195 total yards in the loss. Both quarterbacks will likely play again this Friday against a Bulldogs defense that brings in very little varsity experience.
Like Dorman, Boiling Springs is a bit of a question mark at the quarterback position also. You could see as many as four different QBs in this game, as both teams try to find a number one guy. This game has the makings of a low scoring defensive struggle, but I like the Cavaliers to pull out a close one.
Elsewhere in 5A, Coach Hodge is looking for his first victory of the season as Spartanburg is at Mauldin. The Vikings dropped their season opener to Gaffney 31-12. Mauldin did not play.
The Vikings were without quarterback Rahiem Jeter last week, and he remains questionable this week as well. Whether or not Jeter can go, I expect to see a heavy dose of Drek Carter in this game. The Junior running back was excellent against the Indians, finishing with 149 yards and two touchdowns on 22 carries.
This feels like a very even matchup with the Mavericks and if Spartanburg wants to get in the win column they'll have to clean up some mistakes from the opener. The Vikings had a total of four kicks blocked in the loss. If they can fix those issues, I like the Vikings to come away with a tough road win.
In 4A this Friday Greer is at Blue Ridge. Greer fell to Byrnes and Blue Ridge lost to Woodmont 57-34.
Coach Will Young and his team will look to bounce back after a tough loss to the Rebels a week ago. They saw some flashes from quarterback Hollis Crosby in the opener, but will look for him to be more consistent moving forward.
Blue Ridge's defense isn't as athletic as the Rebels' and I think the Yellow Jackets will have much more success moving the football on offense. I expect wide receiver Malakhi Saunders to have another big night after catching 6 passes for 87 yards and a touchdown in the opener. This time it will help lead Greer to a win.
More in Boiling Springs
HS Basketball Standings
*Region Champ 5A Region 2 Team Standings Region Record Overall Record Dorman 1-0 14-4...
Mr. Smith Goes to Chesnee
This week Chesnee High School is hosting the Chesnee Roundball Classic. The three day...
4A/5A Basketball Christmas Break
Dorman – (11-2) – The Cavaliers lost their first two games of the season while...
Clary's 3 Things Week 0 | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 850 | [
128000,
17490,
220,
16,
220,
19,
32,
14,
20,
32,
32341,
198,
8586,
374,
264,
1427,
520,
1148,
596,
5108,
709,
304,
220,
19,
32,
14,
20,
32,
304,
1057,
3158,
420,
2046,
627,
40,
3358,
1212,
449,
279,
77286,
10481,
39700,
4140,
315,
279,
10563,
902,
374,
3296,
81,
4978,
520,
60914,
13,
578,
90435,
3810,
420,
2046,
5108,
1022,
315,
459,
16358,
220,
2131,
12,
975,
3243,
927,
13842,
261,
13,
35494,
1445,
480,
8393,
34467,
6197,
279,
1648,
369,
279,
17193,
25270,
449,
220,
14815,
14006,
323,
220,
20,
43879,
1555,
279,
3805,
11,
439,
3296,
81,
4978,
23255,
709,
927,
220,
2636,
14006,
315,
2860,
17193,
304,
279,
1847,
627,
791,
45267,
1051,
1022,
1566,
2046,
323,
690,
10536,
1022,
1060,
1403,
1234,
28275
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
17490,
220,
16,
220,
19,
32,
14,
20,
32,
32341,
198,
8586,
374,
264,
1427,
520,
1148,
596,
5108,
709,
304,
220,
19,
32,
14,
20,
32,
304,
1057,
3158,
420,
2046,
627,
40,
3358,
1212,
449,
279,
77286,
10481,
39700,
4140,
315,
279,
10563,
902,
374,
3296,
81,
4978,
520,
60914,
13,
578,
90435,
3810,
420,
2046,
5108,
1022,
315,
459,
16358,
220,
2131,
12,
975,
3243,
927,
13842,
261,
13,
35494,
1445,
480,
8393,
34467,
6197,
279,
1648,
369,
279,
17193,
25270,
449,
220,
14815,
14006,
323,
220,
20,
43879,
1555,
279,
3805,
11,
439,
3296,
81,
4978,
23255,
709,
927,
220,
2636,
14006,
315,
2860,
17193,
304,
279,
1847,
627,
791,
45267,
1051,
1022,
1566,
2046,
323,
690,
10536,
1022,
1060,
1403,
1234,
28275,
-100
] |
Details of installation of components of the ceiling console are shown on an illustration which all references meeting in the text concern.
Open a cover of the module of the transmitter of remote control by a drive of garage doors (1) on the panel of the ceiling console (2).
Liberate from clamps and remove plafonds of the ceiling lamp (4).
Turn out (1) transmitter located under a cover and lenses of plafonds (4) screws (5).
Release the black clamps (7) located near switches of salonny lighting.
Wring out back both clamps (6) and at the same time submit forward the panel of the ceiling console (2).
Having lowered down and races having connected the contact socket of ceiling electroconducting (X18/2), remove the panel (2).
In case of need liberate from console assembly the switch (S13/2) of the electric drive of the top hatch (see. Section Removal and installation of the switch of management by functioning of the electric drive of the top hatch).
On the models equipped with the traveling computer, remove the module of last (N41) (see. The section Removal and installation of assembly of the traveling computer (at the corresponding complete set of the car)). | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} | 1,180 | [
128000,
7955,
315,
14028,
315,
6956,
315,
279,
22959,
2393,
527,
6982,
389,
459,
40134,
902,
682,
15407,
6574,
304,
279,
1495,
4747,
627,
5109,
264,
3504,
315,
279,
4793,
315,
279,
62210,
315,
8870,
2585,
555,
264,
6678,
315,
19833,
14365,
320,
16,
8,
389,
279,
7090,
315,
279,
22959,
2393,
320,
17,
4390,
43,
8799,
349,
505,
1206,
14989,
323,
4148,
628,
2642,
51058,
315,
279,
22959,
29062,
320,
19,
4390,
19952,
704,
320,
16,
8,
62210,
7559,
1234,
264,
3504,
323,
36057,
315,
628,
2642,
51058,
320,
19,
8,
46022,
320,
20,
4390,
16464,
279,
3776,
1206,
14989,
320,
22,
8,
7559,
3221,
32267,
315,
40828,
3919,
18186,
627,
54,
12928,
704,
1203,
2225,
1206,
14989,
320,
21,
8,
323,
520,
279,
1890,
892,
9502
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
7955,
315,
14028,
315,
6956,
315,
279,
22959,
2393,
527,
6982,
389,
459,
40134,
902,
682,
15407,
6574,
304,
279,
1495,
4747,
627,
5109,
264,
3504,
315,
279,
4793,
315,
279,
62210,
315,
8870,
2585,
555,
264,
6678,
315,
19833,
14365,
320,
16,
8,
389,
279,
7090,
315,
279,
22959,
2393,
320,
17,
4390,
43,
8799,
349,
505,
1206,
14989,
323,
4148,
628,
2642,
51058,
315,
279,
22959,
29062,
320,
19,
4390,
19952,
704,
320,
16,
8,
62210,
7559,
1234,
264,
3504,
323,
36057,
315,
628,
2642,
51058,
320,
19,
8,
46022,
320,
20,
4390,
16464,
279,
3776,
1206,
14989,
320,
22,
8,
7559,
3221,
32267,
315,
40828,
3919,
18186,
627,
54,
12928,
704,
1203,
2225,
1206,
14989,
320,
21,
8,
323,
520,
279,
1890,
892,
9502,
-100
] |
Audio Atrocities™ : The Space Adventure · Hudson · SEGA CD · 1994
Well, Hudson went and did it. They took one of my favorite anime characters and translated the 1989 PC-Engine game to the SEGA CD in 1994. Unfortunately, they didn't update the gameplay at all, so a weak game based on a little-known anime ("Cobra") became even crappier 5 years hence. Oh, and they mixed in pretty crappy voice acting, too. Bonus!
The voice cast ranges from bad to awful, although I really like the swagger of the guy who did Cobra's voice. Unfortunately, despite pretty decent acting (well, compared to all the others in this pile of crap), his voice just didn't fit the "look" of the character. But hey, this game's loss is your gain. There's almost too many clips to choose from, so enjoy!
Exhibit A: "What is this? It's my ship, the turtle."
Of course, the fact that it's the fastest ship in the galaxy makes this line okay. Rumor has it the ship got its name by poking out of dark stars.
Exhibit B: "If I die, will you play Chopin in remembrance of me?"
What does this have to do with anything? Talk about stupid dialogue, delivered straight as can be. Chopin? And then talk of memorial dedications? Oooh! Could this be come kind of uber-subtle foreshadowing? Wow...those nutty writers! Always one step ahead.
Exhibit C: "What's that sound? It's crazy joe! Those are his footsteps!"
Yes, he walks SO distinctively that they can "hear" his footsteps yards away and know he's coming...or...something. Aw, who am I kidding. It's just more crappy dialogue.
Clip 4, Clip 5, Clip 6, Clip 7, Clip 8, Clip 9
"My name's Cobra. That's right, I'm the man with nine lives." | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} | 6,104 | [
128000,
15097,
2468,
28787,
1385,
16500,
551,
578,
11746,
33112,
9787,
39253,
9787,
5161,
16519,
11325,
9787,
220,
2550,
19,
198,
11649,
11,
39253,
4024,
323,
1550,
433,
13,
2435,
3952,
832,
315,
856,
7075,
23655,
5885,
323,
25548,
279,
220,
3753,
24,
6812,
12,
4674,
1847,
311,
279,
5161,
16519,
11325,
304,
220,
2550,
19,
13,
19173,
11,
814,
3287,
956,
2713,
279,
27120,
520,
682,
11,
779,
264,
7621,
1847,
3196,
389,
264,
2697,
22015,
23655,
3573,
34,
29956,
909,
6244,
1524,
1589,
680,
1291,
220,
20,
1667,
16472,
13,
8840,
11,
323,
814,
9709,
304,
5128,
83997,
7899,
15718,
11,
2288,
13,
29298,
4999,
791,
7899,
6445,
21986,
505,
3958,
311,
25629,
11,
8051,
358,
2216,
1093,
279,
61923,
315,
279,
7564,
889,
1550,
85575
] | [
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1
] | [
15097,
2468,
28787,
1385,
16500,
551,
578,
11746,
33112,
9787,
39253,
9787,
5161,
16519,
11325,
9787,
220,
2550,
19,
198,
11649,
11,
39253,
4024,
323,
1550,
433,
13,
2435,
3952,
832,
315,
856,
7075,
23655,
5885,
323,
25548,
279,
220,
3753,
24,
6812,
12,
4674,
1847,
311,
279,
5161,
16519,
11325,
304,
220,
2550,
19,
13,
19173,
11,
814,
3287,
956,
2713,
279,
27120,
520,
682,
11,
779,
264,
7621,
1847,
3196,
389,
264,
2697,
22015,
23655,
3573,
34,
29956,
909,
6244,
1524,
1589,
680,
1291,
220,
20,
1667,
16472,
13,
8840,
11,
323,
814,
9709,
304,
5128,
83997,
7899,
15718,
11,
2288,
13,
29298,
4999,
791,
7899,
6445,
21986,
505,
3958,
311,
25629,
11,
8051,
358,
2216,
1093,
279,
61923,
315,
279,
7564,
889,
1550,
85575,
-100
] |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.