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8mktnh | What is the difference between depression as a mental disorder and depression as a state or mood? How can one know which one he has and how severe it is? | Depression is a mood. We all go through it at one time or another. Basically it is a deep and overwhelming sadness. Where depression becomes a mental disorder is when someone suffers from chronic depression. When someone suffers from chronic depression there is a root cause of either a chemical imbalance or an emotional trauma that is so deep embedded in the person's psyche that subconsciously they are always feeling depression.
Ex- When you feel a great loss(someone passing or moving away) it is normal to feel depressed. You are deeply and overwhelmingly saddened by it and it temporarily effects your normal life and mood. However, eventually you surpass it. Chronic depression as a mental disorder is when you have nothing to feel so sadly about yet can't move on to other emotions. It effects your normal life and makes everything difficult. Anti-depressants are prescribed to shut off the receptors for the chemicals your body is releasing if a psychological/traumatic issue (supressed memories of being assaulted or having poor emotional maturity) can't be found or treated with therapy. | e04b3678-5dd0-4c95-a916-e7f7c0fec392 |
22mnjn | Why is American Express widely not accepted at many retail stores? | Merchants have to pay more to accept American Express. While they may only pay 2%-3% for that Visa purchase you made, it would be closer to 5% for Amex. | eab2a744-a833-4ab8-9cf6-3e2fb59e17d6 |
55a0us | Why is breathing in faster than breathing out? | This might be a better fit for /r/answers but there is some physiology involved in your answer that might be good for eli5.
Imagine you had a straw that you could suck water out of a glass with but you can only suck, you can't blow into the straw. You can very quickly pull water through the straw by sucking harder. But the only way to get water to back into the glass is to take your mouth off the straw and let gravity pull it back down the straw. So no matter how quickly you can get the water up the straw, you can't make it go back down any quicker. It's kind of like being able to pull something, but not being able to push it. You can always pull faster, but if you can't push it, you have less control over how fast it's pushed.
That's the simple explanation. (note this is unconscious breathing and you can both push and pull with your diaphragm otherwise)
The basic answer is that when we breath in we are using a muscle to pull the diaphragm down. When we breath out we aren't using a muscle to move the diaphragm; it's the tension of the diaphragm that pulls it back to it's starting position. This is the way we naturally breath when we aren't thinking about it. You can take direct control of your diaphragm though and breath however you want both pushing and pulling, but that takes concentration and uses more energy than the natural unconscious breathing.
So breathing in, you tense a muscle, it pulls down on the diaphragm which reduces pressure in the lungs causing air to be drawn in. And breathing out you relax that muscle, and the natural tension of the diaphragm pulls it back up, increasing pressure in the lungs and forcing the air back out.
Also you can try to consciously breath in slow and exhale fast, and you will start to feel the muscles becoming a little uncomfortable because it requires much more work doing it like that than the natural way. | 2b1d43a7-8b54-4215-96ed-c7b1621639dd |
24aozv | What's up with sloths? | They just chill up in trees away from most predators that would otherwise be able to hunt them. By being super lazy, they don't use as much energy, so they don't have to process as much food. They only need to leave their tree every week or so to poop. As long as they have a readily available food source that they don't have to chase after, being lazily slow isn't really a disadvantage given their mode of avoiding predators. | 5a38dbde-9802-4681-9616-3c656f642f11 |
3l584h | Why are there always sales just before the financial year ends? | In ye olden days of business, stores would keep a ledger of their sales. Until they turned a profit, all sales were written down in red ink. Around the fourth quarter of the year when the Holidays were fast approaching, they'd start to turn a profit and write their numbers down in black ink. Hence the terms "have red in my ledger" and "Black Friday". Many stores around this time are trying to do three things:
1) Get as far into the black as possible to cover bonuses, sales targets, surplus capital etc.
2) Get rid of excess and/or outdated stock quickly and cheaply, to make way for new products.
3) Land new customers who otherwise haven't or wouldn't typically shop at said retailer. | e9bd5d0c-49e7-49c2-b9a4-91c149f5fc80 |
2i4sjj | Why are batteries (Such as AA, AAA, D, ect.) so expensive? | Because people need them and will pay the prices charged. The price has stabilized at the highest point people will accept. | ec30a968-2e4b-4af1-8687-2e19678f3ca0 |
33gkyz | How come people are not experiencing discomfort during highspeed train rides? | These high speed trains accelerate quickly, but not that quickly.
I don't know about the Japanese Maglev but the German one named 'Transrapid' had a maximum acceleration of 1.3 m/s² which is faster than normal trains but not really much different from acceleration experienced in cars.
The German ICE highspeed train has a maximum acceleration of 0.71 m/s².
By comparison 9.8 m/s² is 1G and humans can survive up to 3G (29 m/s²) for durations over 25 seconds just fine without special equipment. You would hard poressed to find any vehicle that actually accelerates so much for so long because after accelerating for 25 seconds at 3G you have already broken the soundbarrier.
The important thing for the comfort of human passenger is not really acceleration (which is the rate of change of the speed) but the rate of change of acceleration itself. As long as that is kept low enough you will not even stumble. The direction of down may seemingly change for you a bit as the floor seems to tilt and you may feel slightly heavier as if going up in a fast elevator but that is it. Once the vehicle you are in travels at a constant speed you won't be able to tell any difference to standing still as long as you don't look outside. | c2e05bfd-1e76-41b1-966d-189e9df1db47 |
rgchl | How to detox from alcohol | Long term alcoholics can suffer delirium tremens (known as the 'DTs' or the 'shakes') if they withdraw suddenly from alcohol and this can be serious enough to lead to death if not treated properly.
However, roughly half of alcoholics who stop alcohol intake will not have any negative physical effects and only a tiny proportion will suffer severe delirium tremens.
So the best way to detox is to stop completely, then seek medical attention if you start having severe withdrawal symptoms.
Otherwise, follow a schema similar to the detox from drugs like Paxil, where people drop their dose by 10% of their original intake, every month (so if you drink ten beers a day, drop to 9 beers a day for the next month, then 8 beers a day the month after that, etc). | 97eb3dad-ce5b-4fa4-9612-ae8af4e50b40 |
19mdly | Why does my head hurt when I get a headache? | It depends on what is causing your headache. Stress headaches, for example, can be caused by excessive tension in the muscles around the head. Many headaches are generally thought to be the result of the blood vessels surrounding your brain either opening up (dilating) or clamping down (constricting). These actions can cause pain receptors above your brain to be triggered. Newer theories suggest that chemicals in your brain (neurotransmitters) are a more significant part of the pain of a headache. Basically, there is no real "pain" being caused in your brain, it's just the result of areas in your brain being triggered that normally acknowledge pain occurring -- kinda like a sensor that is malfunctioning. In reality, it's probably some combination of the two. | 54a9a5f2-8e2a-4439-87ac-80199ce935be |
4td66a | How do blisters form? And what is the purpose of the liquid inside of the blister? | If you were 5, I'd explain: "Blisters are nature's band aid." They form to protect the underlying layers of skin from an irritant. The reason people will tell you to never pop a blister is because the fluid within it is sterile. Not only that, but our outer layer of skin is our "first line of defense" against pathogens. When you pop the blister, you break that line of defense and release the protective sterile fluid - leaving the underlying layers susceptible to infection. | 2e54ff7b-50b6-4172-b52d-55a587c6bdd2 |
51ukba | Why does the US have so many mattress stores? | That's like asking why there are so many brands of toilet paper. Given the sheer number of people who use them, multiplied by how often you replace them, there is definitely room for profit. Also mattresses have a very high profit margin. They are essentially cloth, padding, and a small amount of metal and wood, sold for hundreds if not thousands of dollars. | dd059a76-4fd4-4e2b-9ab3-c567b8234f91 |
24hwz0 | How 'deep' are tattoos? | Well, Lets say it like this. I have a full sleeve, with full color, and very little "exposed" skin. I had someone slice my arm up with a garden rake, to the point I needed 3 stitches, and you can't even tell I had gotten hit. Granted, it depends on how heavy handed the artist is, and how good he is at his craft, but you should be able to get a pretty decent scrape, and not have the tattoo be screwed up. | c8bcf5b9-f2e7-477b-b4c1-dfd08949de03 |
1x6t7y | If the USA is at risk of hitting the debt ceiling, why aren't they taking it more seriously? Why aren't the branches being redesigned to be more efficient? | Because the "ceiling" is a moving target and the war between efficiency and excess is constant. | 44c7f231-ddbe-46d6-a509-da9ba1142c25 |
2pa9xx | Why do computers need to restart after updating? | Some times updates need to modify system files that are currently in use by the OS. In those cases, the system will reboot, thus "unlocking" those files, and apply the changes during the boot sequence, before they get used again. | cd1076c1-8d6a-462f-982f-265b259c9063 |
2je869 | Why do I feel like I haven't really slept if I have vivid dreams during the night? | It's not that the vivid dreams make you tired, it's the fact that you are waking up during a dream - waking out of REM sleep tends to leave you a bit groggy. Most of the dreams during the night you don't remember, which explains why this happens only when you remember the dream. | 457ceab9-0ba1-408d-8d8c-a6b0721fcaa7 |
1pqftu | Explain the argument that the color pink doesn't really exist. | A color is a certain wavelength of electromagnetic radiation. The "color" pink does not appear on the electromagnetic spectrum. Instead, it is how we perceive a certain combination of wavelengths, and therefore itself not a cookie.
Of course, this is all just arguing semantics. As far as anyone in the real world is concerned, pink is a color | 167f0cbc-8788-4e2e-be9d-0355b8ff4408 |
1lf5ww | The right to abolish government | You're right, it isn't. The Declaration holds no rights for Americans; those are found in the Constitution. | 937e9721-56f7-430e-a937-19c9a9b3eda0 |
2gp2ig | Why is it that when people in very prestigious positions lose their jobs, they have to tender a resignation, but in everyday jobs, you just get fired? | Most jobs in the USA are at-will; this means that either side can terminate the relationship at any time. You can quit whenever, and you can be fired whenever, for nearly any reason or no reason.
Most upper management positions, however, are on contract. This means that the employee and the company sign an agreement that the person can only be fired for certain reasons. If there's disagreement over those reasons, a firing might lead to a lawsuit.
So instead, the organization and the employee negotiate an end to the contract. If they agree, the employee resigns and agrees not to sue for termination of the contract. | d898c16c-21a5-4018-96d9-c44f54cd80b7 |
6ydd4a | How do computer companies such as HP and Dell load all that bloatware onto their new computers as a large scale operation? | They make OEM versions of operating systems, meaning they're baked right into the install media | 53137323-1985-45a2-ba97-f5a0a796691b |
1uad66 | Why is it in companies like Twitter's interests to allow other people to produce clients like Tweebot? Wouldn't it be better for them to allow only their own app? | People like choice. If Tweetbot can provide a better Twitter client, then Twitter is able to get more users. More users means more money, and more money is the meaning of life. | 822efdb5-7e06-4d55-81d0-32511e12940a |
24nsbw | Why can't you put a cast on a horse's leg instead of killing it if it breaks it's leg? | Horse limbs are quite complicated anatomically. They also do not tolerate casts in the manner a person can. Broken legs in horses would also require a body sling to reduce the weight on the injured limb. This requires very intense care as well as cost. | 3ed23a66-bb3e-4cb1-bbb1-c1aa5b7a560a |
89o9pa | why is alcohol accepted in many places where Cannabis is not? | Man... I want to know this one too!
As far as I understand, it’s all about marketing.
There’s a great episode of Stuff You Should Know that touches on this topic... I think it’s called ‘How marijuana works’. | 2319f028-9a66-4320-97d6-431f244a217e |
3l57i1 | How to people string up these super long zip lines? | One method is to have the high point tied off and then you toss it down and drag it out to the low point. The other would be to tie off the low point and then have a free climber carry the high point up to the higher tie point.
Shooting them with some kind of grappling hook gun is common in movies, but not in real life. | 2207f743-55f6-4498-80e0-a38de50f79ab |
77ku1e | How does having sickle cell protect against malaria? | We don't know exactly, but it has something do do with the fact that the Malaria parasite lives in the red blood cells for part of their development.
There are different theories, but they basically come down to one of two things:
* Either the red blood cells of people with sickle-cell disease are just more difficult for the parasites to live in.
* Or the red blood cells are more sensitive so that the parasites damage them and the body recognizes them as defective and recycles them before the parasites can complete their development. | e9377ee8-3907-4f64-89d6-09bb71af5e2a |
33kipo | Whats happening in the brain that allows me to instantly recognize that song i hate on the radio and scramble to change the station? why can't shazam or sound hound work that fast? | The difference between something like Shazam and you is that Shazam is browsing through a library of songs that is over 11 million deep. assuming each song is 3 minutes on average, that's over 64 years of continuous music. Quite literally, you would die before you could listen to every song Shazam has to browse through.
You, on the other hand, are listening to a radio station that maybe has a few hundred songs going at the same time. When you hear a song come on, you don't have to wonder if it's a gospel hymn from the 30's, you know that it's the same song they've been playing over and over for weeks.
As for a device to block songs you hate, most internet radio services like Pandora or Spotify allow you to flag songs you don't like and they won't pop up again. | 4f2873a6-4fb9-44d6-bc86-1012b3343bb8 |
49p0r2 | Why didn't countries simply adopt Nazi Germany's weapons after the war | Weapons technology is constantly advancing. To adopt even an existing weapon for yourself requires redesigning your factories, storage, distribution, etc. so it's not something to be undertaken lightly. Accordingly, it made much more for sense for the Allies to study German weapons and introduce advanced weapons, rather than take a modestly decreased amount of effort to introduce weapons that would soon be out of date.
Keep in mind that the part of German factories not destroyed in the war were deliberately dismantled or sabotaged by the Allies soon after. | 0a6fcf7b-5c35-4103-9dc2-118629b2bc96 |
4e5jj1 | How is Morgan Freeman's voice so 'compelling' and 'powerful'? And what can one do to learn to have an authoritative voice? | He has a deep (low) voice, which is relatively difficult to develop. Far easier to develop is his manner of speaking, which is slow and distinct. He pronounces each word in sequence rather than slurring them together and pauses for emphasis where needed. The impression such speech gives is that your words are considered - that your thoughts are complete before the sentence begins rather than running along apace with it.
In a sense, it's *silence* that gives the sense of authority. The boss isn't the one who does the talking - they're the one who talks *last*. Once they've talked, there's nothing left to say. | c400bdfe-09fd-42a3-88de-0159ab150fc1 |
1o26cs | How does UV light cause colors to fade like flags outdoors. Also why does it happen with colors like red? | The dyes in the flags are made of chemicals, and UV light causes these chemicals to degrade into colorless ones. Each dye has a different chemical makeup, so some dyes, like red, degrade quickly into white, while others, like blue, just turn yellow | 4b7a8426-d13c-49b2-89b2-df55c3a0dec4 |
2kgrsl | how does smell stick to clothes? | Smell is stuff - little bits of it. So...your clothes capture said little bits of stuff within the fabric. | 6692c98f-7503-4f83-a1db-a644728757c8 |
38s0wq | Why does the House "always win" in gambling? | The odds of winning any gambling are set out so the house always has an advantage.
This is usually just a few points of a percentage (0.verylittle) but over tens of millions of dollars pouring through a casino, this leads to millions in profit. You basically have like a 49% chance of winning, so over thousands of plays, the casino ALWAYS ends up ahead.
Even professional gamblers, who earn their living my playing poker or blackjack, games they can manipulate, only manage to get to 51% or 52% win rate, however they make their money by betting high when they know they a higher than average chance of winning | 7015b0ff-b77f-4fcb-8290-f965a2b78310 |
300kud | Why is glass so inert to acids? | Dat silicon dioxide. Acids react by having a weakly held hydrogen that the other part of the molecule doesn't care for much, and would really rather have a metal in its place, as metals are much more likely to give off outer electrons to a non-metal than hydrogen is.
Silicon dioxide, however, is already in a really good place with its electrons, so the acid doesn't have the necessary pull to substitute either the Silicon or oxygen for its hydrogen. | bfc30f60-778f-4372-bf98-001f318ae87f |
35o32r | Why can we use computers to simulate humans visually, but not auditorily? I don't get why we can create amazing animated characters, but still need meatbags to do the voices, even though video is more complex than audio. | I had a nice long comment composed but reddit's servers crashed and ate it.
Basically, our visual perceptions are more forgiving than our aural ones. We're used to taking simple line drawings and being like, "Okay, that's a face, I can roll with this." Auditory errors (or even just simplifications) strike us as not-real in a way that animation just doesn't.
Also, human language is incredibly subtle and complex and conveys so much more than just information--emotion, tension, and mood all come out of voices. How do you code for that? Human speech is an art form. It's multi-layered. It is, weirdly, more than the sum of its parts. It resists being broken down and reassembled in a way that visual reality just doesn't, for whatever reason.
Creating a "bank" of human words and phonemes that could be altered or combined into an approximation of "human speech" is incredibly time consuming and difficult. Anyone who has messed around with Siri knows this. True, bots have two different major processing problems to tackle (responding meaningfully to questions as well as sounding understandably human), but the basic principle applies. Most computer-speaking programs that I know don't tackle things at the word level, instead, they break a language into phonemes, and then they can analyze written words and break it into phoneme and combine the phonemes to speak those words out loud (this is why GPS devices often mispronounce proper names of streets). It's a ridiculously complex processing task that, as far as I know, computers just aren't good at yet.
A non-movie application of this is AAC devices, like what Stephen Hawking uses. Stephen Hawking purposefully uses, if not super-old software, a super-old voice sample, which is why his voice sounds so robotic. There's been advances over the years, but really, if you're an AAC user, you probably have maybe six voices in your device to choose from (a couple of males, a couple of females, an English accent, an American accent, and so on). And all of those voices, while sounding more human than Mr. Hawking's, are still recognizably robotic. I know at least one researcher is looking into taking audio samples from AAC users (who are often not totally mute, but can make sounds or individual syllables if asked, they just can't manage words/sentences) and mixing them in with the stock voice phonemes to create an individual voice for an individual user, and make that voice sound like theirs. Lots of AAC users would much rather sound like themselves than some bland English woman. But the technology is still years away.
Also, frankly, recording voices is just easier, more fun, and less time consuming. | 16a6ee31-7d36-4af7-9a9a-89a5f058dccc |
11k864 | Why do you get veinier when you work out? | When ya run around or workout, your cells need more energy to keep going at the heightened rate. That means your heart has to start pumping faster, and 'cos your body's doing more work, you get hot. When you get hot, your body has a few ways of cooling you down, like sweating, or hairs standing up. One of these ways is to raise the veins slightly in your skin so they're closer to the air, and can get rid of the heat easier. As the nice man below said, "vasodilation" or widening of the veins, also occurs, to help let the blood flow faster and easier, which helps add to the illusion of them being about to burst out.
Correct any mistakes, I'm basing this on GCSE biology, and it's not recent either. | 450524a7-fc3b-4846-bc59-81872700fce9 |
38w98b | If I open a can of Coke while skydiving, does the liquid stay in the can? | The ISS, along with everything and everyone in it, is falling freely towards earth at all times. Thus, the situation on the ISS is analogous to your question, without all the side effects of atmospheric drag.
There are a few really cool videos made by the crew of the ISS that show how things behave in free fall.
[This](_URL_0_) is one of the videos I am talking about. | bf2a915d-e863-45ee-80fd-73db9e510d7f |
61oj0j | What are the benefits of having private internet access (for personal use) and why are people obsessed over it? | Specifically, PrivateInternetAccess, if you are referring to that brand/company, is a provider of an anonymous VPN. Their VPN allows one to mask where their traffic is originating from by sending it through a third party. In addition, they accept forms of payment which reduce the paper trail behind their identity. In addition, VPNs may be useful for avoiding blocked/censored websites/services, and they encrypt all traffic between the computer and VPN. | df82d474-81d9-4176-812b-ba266de749de |
2075y0 | Can someone please explain to me what is so bad about Tesla's intended direct-to-customer sales models and not going through dealers? | "Eliminating the middle-man? Never as easy as it sounds. About 50% of the human race is middle-men, and they don't take kindly to being eliminated."
--Malcolm Reynolds, *Firefly* | bfa40eec-198b-49d5-89c0-8f5f0e8c5b76 |
p5isb | The economics of a chinese buffet. (how do they make enough money?) | I could think of some reasons why but they may not be the whole truth:
* You don't need as much staff because you aren't serving people at their tables
* You have a set menu so you can make things in bulk and have less chefs required for cooking
* You can order food in bulk since you will have a pretty good idea of your most popular items
* Because the cost to eat is less expensive, you can get a lot of people to come in. The $ add up | a776f099-7363-42f0-a0bc-79498e77da0d |
3uasj5 | What makes the Leatherman multi-tool so good that everyone recommends it? | Leatherman multi-tools contain lots tools useful for everyday stuff, are convenient to use and carry, have generally very good build quality, and have a good warranty. | f85ef132-c980-44f0-8ded-bc0e3f47c284 |
5ojk4n | Once a President is in office and installs his government, how does the federal government (continue to)investigate him? | The Congress does the investigations, just like they did with Bill Clinton for over six years. This is the check on Executive power. | d06a9d53-7552-452a-8b06-3d93850f80c7 |
2kei5j | Why do we say "I'm getting on the bus/train/plane?" Yet say "I'm getting in the car?" | Why do you park in the driveway and drive on the parkway? | 14b35ae9-21c9-45d0-a31d-ca165ecfd136 |
6jj3uk | Why do we see "child geniuses" who get into colleges at very young ages and know complex math or science from a young age, but don't ever actually see their achievements in these fields when they enter adulthood? | uh, Mozart? Most of the top chess players? (Go players too apparently).
[Most of them live pretty good lives as professionals. ](_URL_0_) You know, other than Ted Kaczynski...
But a lot of this is just perception. Who would you say are the top 5 mathematical genius's today? Can you name even one? Society doesn't really celebrate these guys. They celebrate sportsball, business, and politics. Which, well, you don't have to be a genius for. It helps, sometimes, but it's not a prerequisite. | 6fb54156-79de-4318-95ab-06300e8e0aa4 |
2c8o1i | How do all of these companies that claim to "consolidate your debt" work? | It's a loan. They make interest. Since pretty much every debt has interest, they can charge a little more interest (since they tend to be scammy), and sometimes even cut the amount owed. Even with a high but not completely unreasonable interest rate, can still be lower than credit card interest rates, or old loans issued in times of historically higher rates. If most of the debt is high interest, you come out owing less.
But, as you say, the selling point often isn't *lower* payments, rather *easier* payments. You owe one company a bunch of money, rather than many companies some money, and you pay for the privilege of having to buy less envelopes and checks (and/or being a sucker, or to postpone financial distress). | 8b487045-b0ad-4a28-977b-aa097427d88a |
871mdi | how do the bacteria in probiotic yogurt survive stomach acid and populate the intestines? | Most of them don't but a few will get through and once they are within the gut they will start multiplying if they can find a niche there. The intestine already has a huge bacterial population and they have a habit of killing their neighbours which is why probiotic* yoghurt etc needs to be taken repeatedly to establish a viable population.
* probiotic really refers to certain nutrients that specifically help bacterial growth rather than the bacteria themselves but the term has been co-opted to mean both. | 1d5fd462-af0a-4a67-b78d-b86ccd2410a3 |
3i0y42 | Where the superstition of walking under a ladder being bad luck come from? | It's dangerous for both you and the person who may be at the top of the ladder. Something could be dropped on your head or you could possibly knock over the ladder. Don't walk under ladders. | 4ec9b733-6285-4e2a-b164-1fe36c22b474 |
84un9y | Vickers Hardness Test | Don't they use synthetic ones?
Synthetic are waaay cheaper then real ones. | 3519f8fc-a3d1-4c25-88ac-6fe75cb14a40 |
76ycwu | UV light in public conveniences. | Your mum is correct.
Under UV light you can't see your veins to inject. It also works with blue bulbs I think but is more effective with UV.
EDIT: Missed a word | 48dc3a39-bfdd-4a6a-a181-b90b53a6eeea |
3b9bbk | What is the subreddit "wheredidthesodago" about? | It's making fun of infomercials. In a certain kind of commercial, (abundant on American TV, I don't know about elsewhere), a certain set of tropes are always present. Most universal among them is a video, often in black and white, of someone utterly failing at a simple task, intended to demonstrate to the viewer why the new product is necessary.
It's funny, because the new product is almost never necessary, so you have examples of people [too incompetent to operate a blanket](_URL_0_).
[Here's a textbook example](_URL_1_). | 9d3fff6f-e2c7-4318-b4a0-5c77e7594620 |
3b6x0s | The chemical reactions that go on in my cell phone battery and how to make it last longer | It's like a really big game of red rover. When the battery is brand new all the kids line up on one side of a football field. This is the + team (Li). When you use the battery kids run across the field to the other side to join the - team (ion). Some kids can't keep running from team to team so they stop in the middle, and play with the grass, or do whatever. Each time more kids can't run the whole way. Till eventually only the fast kids are left. Thus - team fills up faster, and so does your + team. Meaning the battery life is much shorter. Now heres some crayons. I don't like the phrase, "lost it's elements." More like the elements don't play the battery game anymore. | 76238ae1-8235-4b55-a6ba-e691f1649ff9 |
1idxx8 | Why couldn't T-Rex have been both predatory AND scavenging? | Language like this is usually used for disambiguation. It *can* lead to confusion in the process, but mostly it's to try and *avoid* it.
There's often some overlap between behaviour. In fact, *most* carnivores will scavenge when given the chance. There just wasn't much hard evidence of this specifically existing for T-Rex, and it's easier to classify animals in 'either / or' groups, than catering to blurry, movable lines.
Bear in mind, this find **doesn't** constitute proof, either (and the blogspot article seems a bit biased). There could be numerous explanations for it, not all of which imply active hunting. | 200b1da6-dfad-4a30-9fd3-d6004ab9ca72 |
5lo77y | which is the "Good" side and which is the "Bad" in Syria? | GOOD: all the innocent population of Syria, all the thousands of 'immigrants' forced to leave their home
BAD: the government, the (moderate) rebels, the terrorists, the US lead coalition, the Russian lead coalition | 5b8634a2-ee60-408d-8f08-e3932d205e84 |
2huvow | If mushrooms are made of chitin, a protein, why is the amount of protein listed in the nutritional information so low? | Chitin is a form of sugar - not protein. Since your question is still valid if you switch those words though, it is a type of sugar that our bodies cannot use. It acts just like fiber (also a sugar) and passes right through so to speak. | c30f1cb9-ffd6-41ee-8a7f-d559dc8cd214 |
nzw13 | The purpose of the "indefinite detention" aspect of the National Defense Authorization Act? | The biggest reason that I hear cited is that terrorism is very difficult to fight. A lot of times, the government has to act based on hearsay in order to prevent terrorism, and it's difficult because all the cards are stacked on the terrorists' side; Before NDAA the government couldn't detain potential terrorists, it couldn't legally search their property or (until after 911) wiretap them... someone could be getting all of the materials together for a roadside bomb or something, and we'd be powerless to do anything about it until after a lengthy court case, which requires a ton of evidence and time to get a conviction for, and still leaves the person out in society and free if they can afford bail. As a result, the government seeks new ways to fight what they see as a more difficult battle than one outside our borders.
I don't agree with the NDAA at all, but that's the argument that i've heard, and i don't think it's necessarily a stupid argument either. | 18fbe6a6-7903-4032-9bb2-04649614b443 |
5uvq05 | Byte Storage | Think of an SD card like a piece of graph paper. You can fill in squares and erase squares to create block pictures. You're never physically adding squares to the paper, you're just drawing and erasing sections of the already existing papers. So you're limited by whatever size of paper you have. To make a bigger picture, you need a larger section of the paper. If you fill the entire page with pictures and want to make another picture, you either need to get a new piece of graph paper or you need to erase some of your previous pictures to make space.
You're not literally coloring in the square on a hard drive, but it's the same idea. For a hard drive, you set the magnetic polarity (+ or -) of each tiny block of the hard drive. For an SD card and other solid state memory (like flash drives), you're changing the way each block reacts when you send electricity through it. Devices with more storage are capable of reading and writing smaller sections (like having smaller squares on your graph paper). | 59fd78f6-9d0b-4ceb-bb48-376bcbb1e655 |
1ct1q1 | The time travel paradox (or the hitler's death paradox) | You cannot time travel, it causes a paradox. In particular it would violate causality as in if you killed Hitler then he would never rise to the point where you need to go back and kill him, which means since you do not go back and kill him, he rises to the point you need to go back and kill him. | 068c4c45-96a5-4260-aae3-3cccf8df8d16 |
2rjpre | How floating-point numbers work | Floating point numbers are essentially scientific notation. Like when you have a number written as 5.972 * 10^24 .
Written in this way, the number consists of several parts. In this example, 5.927 is called the significand, 10 is the base, and 24 is the exponent.
Floating point numbers use a set number of digits to represent the significand and the exponent. Since they work in binary, the base is always 2, so it doesn't need to store that.
A 32 bit floating point number uses 8 bits for the exponent, 23 bits for the significand and the final bit is used to tell if it is positive or negative.
One point about using binary in this way is that there's actually no need to store the number that comes before the "point". It can only be 1, because if it was 0 you would have shifted the point across a digit. | 0b4c4602-4d84-4b96-ba99-d213a2e3d235 |
68xcui | Why does coffee only taste bad at it's lukewarm state? But tastes amazing if it's at a more extreme temperature? | Good coffee tastes good hot, warm or cold.
Shit coffee tastes ok when your taste buds don't work...ie extreme temperatures. | 1f71b482-25fe-4bf3-b507-25c257b93a5d |
6bsjm6 | What exactly makes seawater salty? | There is salt naturally in the environment. Salt dissolves easily in water so any rain falling will wash it into the oceans via rivers. (Rivers are slightly salty.) The sun evaporates water from the ocean but salt does not evaporate and so it's left behind. In other words, the water cycle of evaporation and rain acts to concentrate salt in the oceans. | 74bce27c-8930-4080-92fa-9baee4cc50f7 |
69ily6 | Why is it bad to remove a flash drive without ejecting it first? | It's actually not really bad usually.
But when its in the process of writing something on it and you interrupt it you can corrupt the data and the ultimate worst case scenario would be that the flash drives formatting would be f***ed up. | 606a7651-ae43-4e9d-8701-ea061affae63 |
352nbq | Is the color magenta a real color? | Does this mean there's such a thing as fake colors? Enlighten me please, because I have no idea what you're talking about. | 9b515c23-7c34-437b-96ae-2b9200ab67a0 |
2od0x2 | What would be the effects of consuming equal anoumts of caffeine and alcohol at the same time? | Your senses would be deprived like you are drunk, but you would also have a lot of energy. Until you drink enough alcohol to pass out or both to vomit your guts out. They won't cancel each other out since it's depressing/upping different things. A chemical which counteracts alcohol/caffeine would cancel them. You would also urinate a huge amount. | 8cc3bbb0-f123-490e-9bfc-70044ad5662b |
218lc1 | Is buying a hybrid or electric car really good for the environment? | By the benchmarks of emissions and energy usage, hybrids and electric cars do in fact have a lower environmental impact than normal cars. There's a lot of articles that indicate otherwise, but the ideas expressed in those articles are largely based on two faulty sources, the Daily Mail and CNW Marketing, that do not stand up to scrutiny.
EDIT: ~~I notice that I always get reflexively downvoted by people who don't believe me, which just goes to show the extent to which the misinformation has pervaded the discussion.~~ [Here's](_URL_0_) a more comprehensive outline of the initial sources of the misinformation and their flaws, and a compilation of more quantitative evidence supporting my point.
EDIT 2: Part of comment withdrawn | 9e6d8260-250d-4bb9-aade-7c69bca3c0ab |
2zc87g | why are numbers on a Swahili clock pronounced as the opposite number? | They use standard clocks, but that's not actually how they tell time. Because they are at the equator, there's not much variation in the length of the day, so sunrise/sunset are roughly at the same time all year. Seven a.m. is one hour after sunrise, so they call it one in the morning. Six p.m is 12 hours after sunrise, so they call it 12 in the evening, and then the clocks starts over. Now, why they don't just set their clocks to tell time in the Swahili manner, I don't know... | bf0a40fd-4f2d-4de0-ac02-a96dfd6ef39f |
3er6wa | What is this greyish blob? have seen it on multiple computers when browsing reddit | It's just an image: _URL_0_
It's part of that subreddit's style. | f4e3fb53-bc7b-4d8b-92f4-04bad8ee8420 |
yfcfc | The Israeli/Palestine conflict. Try to keep it neutral please! | _URL_0_
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> Imagine you are a person living in an old house.
> You hear about another guy across town whose roommates beat him up and kicked him out. According to legends and history, this other guy used to live in the house you have now, and his parents and grandparents before him did too, and their family always talks about it as "theirs".
> So one day the cops show up at your door with this guy and say,"So we've worked out a solution to this guy's problem. You know how he got beat up and kicked out of his house? Well we're going to have him move in here, with you, because his parents and grandparents lived here."
> "But, I live here now. He, his grandparents and parents were evicted many years ago. I knew they were evicted because of fighting with their neighbors, and some racism may have been involved and it may not have been fair, but this is my house now. I do not want him to live here," you say.
> "Well that's tough son. We think it would be great for him, and he's done a lot of campaigning about it, so that's it. He's moving in. But don't worry, we'll make it cool for you. We'll split the house up with a line of duct tape, with the kitchen being shared by both of you. So there won't be any problems! It works out for everyone!"
> "Well that's horseshi-" you start to say, but he's already in your house, relaxing on your couch. The cops leave, and its just you and him.
> So you constantly fight, physically and verbally. All his friends hate you and your friends, and all your friends hate him and his friends. You still don't believe that he has a right to live in the house, and he still thinks that he should be allowed to live there and prosper because of all the history and legends about his family living there.
> You are Palestine, the other guy is Israel, all his friends are the Israeli Jews and their supporters (the U.S. being one), all your friends are the Islamic Arab world, and their supporters (which are numerous), the duct tape line is the border between modern day Israel and Palestine, and the kitchen is Jerusalem.
And :
> Imagine you are a person living in an apartment with some other people. You are not treated well. They harass you, they try to undermine your business dealings, they generally cause you problems.
> One day, one of them beats the ever loving shit out of you. You escape the apartment alive, but find yourself homeless.
> You are living at a friend's house, but apparently start to get on his nerves. You tell him all about the house your grandparents helped to build, and your parent's lived in for a long time that means a great deal to your family. All the legends and folklore of your family take place in that house. But you are aware that someone else is living in it now.
> So one day, your friend says, "look, I have some powerful connections, and I'm going to get you back your old house."
> You are overjoyed about this, but know it will be a struggle, because of the other inhabitant.
> So you get with the police and go to this house. A man answers the door. The cops tell him that you used to live in this house, and that it has been passed down the generations in your family, and that you are going to live there again. They tell him how some bullies took the house from your family many years ago.
> The man protests, saying that he doesn't care who lived in this house before him, that its his house. The cops tell him that that's tough shit, that the house was wrongfully taken from his family, and that they're compromising by letting you both live there. They split the house in half with a duct tape line, and make it clear that the kitchen will be shared by the both of you.
> You step in while he's talking to the police. You are overjoyed that you have returned to your home, the place you grew up.
> The guy who was talking to the cops comes in.
> You are sitting on his couch.
> You look at him and say, "Look, I wish it didn't have to be this way, but my family has always been here, maybe we can get alo-"
> But before you finish your statement, he hits you in the jaw. You are not going to stand for that, and punch him in the nose.
> You fight all the time now, and he hates you and your friends, and you hate him, and his friends, and your relationship to him is causing fights not only between you two, but between your friends and his friends and people you don't even know well.
> You are Israel, your disgruntled roommate is Palestine, his friends are the Islamic Arab world (which are numerous), your friends are the Israeli Jews and their supporters (of which the United States is one), the cops are the British and the League of Nations, the duct tape line is the Israeli border, and the kitchen is Jerusalem.
> Note: Obvious oversimplification, many factors at work. I also left out the religious aspect, as I think that that is a problem in and of itself. Also note that this only describes the origin of the conflict, and not the entire history
These comes from the Guide to the Galaxy | 18146da6-b862-4db5-a575-b71e2a01c903 |
5kkf8z | How do game codes selling sites have profit? | Those sellers often get the keys free of cost or buy them at a discount and sell them at higher prices, also they might get them from the manufacturers through shady means and sell them at higher prices.Most of the time keys are not obtained legally(Eg. stolen credit cards).
The websites charge a commission on each sale
[Here's](_URL_0_) an in-depth article on it | 9dbe6e4a-f577-416b-baa1-3b467b5fe00f |
32ds01 | If President Obama is the head of the Executive branch, that is in charge of Law Enforcement, why hasn't he said anything about police brutality in the recent weeks suspects? | The executive branch is absolutely not in charge of law enforcement. That's the concern of each individual state. Also he had [this to say about Ferguson](_URL_0_) | 6087bc19-29cf-465e-b1fd-d4d6cf356dc0 |
2rh47t | Why is income inequality such a bad thing? | Because without it you can't create class warfare.
Income inequity means nothing.
Some people make more than others, and that means they either spend more or save more or invest more.
If they spend more, then they spend more which helps local business to supply those needs, and contribute to the local tax base through consumption taxes, or some remote business to do the same thing.
If they save more, then they make more liquidity available to the people to use that money for local investment.
If it's invested, then they create jobs locally or remotely by providing liquidity to existing or new business to hire workers, buy inventory, or the ongoing business requirements. This may be locally or all over the world.
So they save, invest, or spend.
People with issues with it preach the idea that people with high incomes either bury it in the woods, with no banking, no investments, spend none of it, or anything else. It's all buried in the woods and hurting you.
The disparity is somehow affecting you, because if person A makes more than person B there's a zero sum philosophy that there's no money left. This works in microeconomies, but not outside of it.
They also assume that a 18 year old McDonalds worker who barely graduated high school deserves 100k a year because someone else is making more, and that's the root of the argument, because you'll believe them, and support their other agendas.
They also assume anyone making more than someone else is evil and should be punished, regardless of the reasons they make more and regardless of what they do with their money.
The reason why it matters, when it doesn't, is because it plays well and allows people to get power over others and convince them their lives will be better if others are punished. There's a multitude of psychological studies showing this manipulation, and is used in exactly the same way that creating any scapegoat works, be it Jews, blacks, the rich, the poor, terrorists, whatever. The goal is to convince you that your problems are due to someone else.
If those evil CEOs are to blame, then you aren't to blame for why you've gone nowhere in your personal success.
Now this will be downvoted, so it's just for you, but when people start babbling about class or income disparities, they have an agenda to manipulate you, and get you to blame others. Ignore them. Their goal is to make you support all their other nonsense. If you hate the anonymous "rich" it'll make sure you never succeed on your own.
Think for yourself. | b773662f-5d7e-4b78-a8bf-839b812de959 |
lrmht | How do animals hibernate for so long? | I can answer the poop part of your question.
Bears eat tons of grass prior to hibernation to form a butt plug. This keeps them from defecating. I'm sure other animals have a similar mechanism. | 87bb629f-a8d2-40bf-b3a1-1b9167480175 |
22dpie | Is the US Police really becoming an arbitrary tool or is it just the "smartphone-video-evolution" which manipulates the facts? | A lot of people's experiences are going to vary based on where they're from and what their normal activities are. A rich person from a small town is not going to see things the same way as a poor person from a big city. Likewise, the police in these environments won't be run the same way.
Overall, you can look up police brutality and misconduct statistics on your own to get a sense of how much trouble there is. After looking at a bunch of sites (although most of them had a pretty clear anti-cop bias), the estimates suggest that there are 3,000 - 6,000 acts of police misconduct each year. There are about [780,000](_URL_0_) police and detectives in the country and the overall population is around 314 million people (almost 4x as big as Germany). Is that a lot of misconduct? Obviously any misconduct is too much, but whether or not that should be considered noteworthy is a matter of your opinion.
I'd also like to point out to be careful with the way you view news. News reports rarely reflect actual event frequencies. Remember, journalists write about occurrences that are unusual or important. If a cop shoots an innocent person, that's getting turned into a story and published. If a cop files all his paperwork properly, gives a driver a speeding ticket, and then defuses a fight between hostile people, that's not going to be considered newsworthy. This bias is particularly prevalent on reddit, where there is a strong anti-authority sentiment. People are quick to jump on the bandwagon about associating cops with unnecessary violence. Additionally, there are often videos posted of police brutality... then when you look in the comments, you hear about the context of the video, making it clear that force was appropriate.
Personally, I can say based on my experiences in my part of the US, there is nothing to fear with police. It's not like people are worried that a cop will have a bad day and just start beating people or arresting them for fun. I've even worked with cops as an EMT and I can assure you that they spend a lot of time trying to help out the people they're tasked with protecting. Contrary to what's on the news, they don't only do bad things.
TL;DR: Police misconduct exists. However, it's nowhere near as bad as it is depicted in the media. | 20b98e67-9b22-4a7a-a550-876543cac9a1 |
3gq0sk | How does the modern economy work vs the previous and old systems where people traded goods for other goods, or used shells or beads? | [Try this](_URL_0_). Lots of commentators seem to like it. | 7e47aa99-5feb-47ec-85d9-bf78a2e3e96b |
2285tm | M. Night Shyamalan's demise | He made ~2 good movies and then most of his later work was subpar. It happens sometimes, people get lucky and do amazing work a few times and then remain subpar the rest of their life. Also, another issue is that M. Night Shyamalan movies usually have a twist, which made his first movies interesting but after a while the twist style got old for most people. | a700462a-751f-441e-88d8-0f0fb5975c81 |
5i2zaa | Why people don't have any memories from the first 2 or so years of their life? | the brain doesn't actually develop the capacity to store long term memories till several years after birth. The brain goes through a lot of stages in life, becoming more complex and more structured, till around 22 years old. | 72eff0ae-71fb-42d2-80ee-80af53408b18 |
1bkk20 | What is up with american TV shedules? Why is there huge mid season gaps and in some cases just random breaks of 1-4 weeks that can occur at any given point? | The purpose of television is not to entertain...it is to sell ads. The TV schedule is a big chess game where you try to place the right show in the right time slot to make as much money as possible.
You only have so many episodes, so you have to spend them wisely. Some weeks historically have fewer viewers than others. Sometimes non-regular events, like sports change the game. And sometimes they use an older, established show's time slot to try to break in a new show. And sometimes an actor is in rehab.
It's a big chess game, and a lot of time why the players make the moves they do won't be readily apparent. | 8b73b471-100b-4415-927c-fb159cd0376d |
6ypdqk | How do "Industry Standards" work? Do some industries have official governed document - or is this really just a buzz word? | > Is there a document that they a referencing?
Sometimes, but definitely not always.
If there is a licensing or governing body that regulates an industry, industry standards could be formally written. As an example, the FAA establishes many rules for commercial airlines that would be considered "industry standards".
In other cases, it can be arbitrary. There is no formal rule that says that commercial web hosts have to back-up their data, but it has become an industry standard that they do, lest the fall behind.
Other times, there are industry-created standards that aren't technically established by the government, but are hard-coded rules. As an example, HDMI was created by a group of technology companies to create a single set of standards for that particular port/cable type. The industry itself created a standard (and licensing arrangement) to better increase compatibility of cables.
> Do people claim something is the Industry Standard based off of what their gut tells them?
There's nothing preventing them from doing it, but usually there is something (even if it's not formalized) to back up that claim.
> Does this term have value or meaning?
Depending on the context, yes. | 0993f143-2394-410b-b330-eea1c4c75ae2 |
4xpiy9 | Why do long jumpers do weird random seemingly pointless movements before they run and jump? | There's a certain technique for each jump. Jumpers have to count their steps, and how many of each type of step they have to take before the jump.
Source: ran decathlon in high school | f40d640b-e32b-47f5-93a1-5f695824378f |
43t78p | Do deaf people get rhyming? Do they have their own poetic patters based on how they experience language? | Iirc there is a similar thing to rhyming in asl. The meaning of signs depends on many things including hand shape and position in regards to body. So a sign that includes a certain shape signed over the chest could "rhyme" with a similar shape signed over the hip. | 6a4439c1-d61b-46d6-a524-2b080cc9e12c |
151do9 | Sometimes people on TV say "is this a secure line?" Is this a real thing? | Usually in movies it means "Can you confirm the line you are calling from hasn't been tapped?" and this is fairly easy to verify if you're using a phone no one would expect you to use, like a random payphone.
As several other redditors have pointed out, for a connection to be confirmed secure in the modern era (where calls are routed digitally and many are wireless), it's impossible to guarantee complete security without at least enabling encryption on both ends (and it must be on both ends so one can decrypt the other's data and vice versa) but there are plenty of free apps and VPN solutions that can do it. | a87411c5-8552-48b3-882b-72dcbd1719e9 |
2vsyh6 | What is a mail order bride? | There are organizations that provide matchmaking services between American (or, presumably, other first-world) men and women in countries with less opportunity. The stereotype is that the women come from Asian countries, but Russia also appears to be popular these days. The prospective groom chooses one or more women from a list, then corresponds with them. If they mutually decide to, she comes to visit the US and they can get married. He gets a wife; she gets the opportunity to get a legal entry to the US. | 390c9403-4887-48ba-a10c-90ae7364e51b |
8g89hz | How do you properly warm up an engine? | There is more or less 2 phases to warming the engine.
First, you should let your car idle 20-30 seconds. This ensure that the oil is travelling through the engine, lubricating it.
After that, you can drive normally. Your engine is still not at optimal temperature, so DON'T push the car. Dont rev too high or floor it until the temperature rises. Just drive normally and the engine will heat up | fc303ed2-3505-4a4e-95ba-f9514e496f2e |
1inxdu | Why movies tend to take a year to produce, while TV shows can broadcast a few months after filming begins | Sets, budget, and cast. I am by no means an expert, but I have seen this come up a few times and can give you an ELI5 answer.
When making a movie, you may want to get a particular shot, such as snow falling in NYC. You could CGI it, but there is nothing like the real thing. If the producer starts shooting in the spring, he may need to wait until winter to make the winter shoots. Or if the movie calls for a parade down Waverly Avenue in Chicago, the production team may have to wait for permits and a time when the street is clear, but there is enough light to make it look like midday. TV shows are generally shot as scenes over the course of a season. That means some of the scenes you see in the first episode of a season may have been shot the week before the season started and the last episode of the season may have been shot first. TV shows aren't usually made as one complete episode, they are usually clips that are shot together over a few months. Some are even not fully written when the shooting begins. For an example, look at the clips of Rescue Me that were shot during the writer's strike a couple years ago. The writers had come up with some scenes, but not a full episode for most of them. That left a bunch of disjointed scenes that could be shot, but no full episodes because they hadn't been written.
Budget is another consideration when making a movie. Most filmmakers can have a few million dollar budget because they know they will make it back in the box office. Unless the TV show is already wildly popular, the budget will be a lot less and post-production will cost a lot less because you sort of have to take what you get. For a movie, a week or two may be used to get a scene just right, for a TV show, there only may be enough time to spend one day on the scene.
Finally, in a movie, you shoot the scenes based on the availability of the actors. You may have one of the stars only free from Jan through March, another only available from Feb through June. Then only a couple weeks in September when the whole cast is available to reshoot scenes. In episodic TV, most of the cast knows when the shooting season begins and ends and will be required to be available during that time. | fa1f51f3-10f9-47d0-b60a-01a4dd401438 |
3161fx | How does someone who does prank calls (ex. Ownage Pranks) make sure that their calls can not be traced back to them in any way? | Most likely either prepaid burner SIM cards or nobody cares enough to look up his name. | 0608b951-1c43-4c7a-bce0-394ec80534c1 |
2c8j5g | when commercials say "Next 20 callers will receive..." How do they keep track of that? | They don't. It's just a ploy to trick people into calling immediately rather than thinking about it first. | 58fdde60-92ce-439a-b1b6-620504f8dcde |
15v3t0 | Why aren't countries referred to by the native word for them by the other countries? | Many languages have sounds that other languages don't. It's why many people with the same first language have similar accents in a second language (ex: asians and 'L' sound). If the sound or technique used for pronunciation of a particular word is foreign, it'd be difficult for outsiders to say.
On top of that, other languages can have different alphabets, or even different symbols altogether. Ex: 日本 is "Japan" in japanese, but do you, as a native english speaker, recognize that? How is it pronounced? (protip: Nihon)
It's just easier to give everything a name in a way that is easy for you to say/write. | 55fc12a8-7d78-40c6-ac95-fb7db3354d38 |
4t35bz | How do chess players guesses how many turns are left to a match ? | Usually they aren't guessing -- they are actually playing out the best possible moves in their head, and seeing that in a certain number of moves someone will win. | 08698829-0642-4517-91ed-00c9016ab2ae |
1zem4z | Why does the US and Russia possess enough nuclear weapons to destroy the earth | Tactically speak, a surprise nuclear attack could wipe out a significant number of a countries nuclear arsenal. To maintain a nuclear deterrent, it is necessary to be able to wipe out your adversary with only a portion of it. | 59e8775f-722f-43fe-b115-42f5f51ba5ef |
1z1kk4 | how does the moon work? | It doesn't change shape. What is happening is that only half the Moon is illuminated by the Sun. As it orbits the Earth you can only see the entire half that is illuminated during a Full Moon, none during a New Moon (because the side that is illuminated is on the other side of the Moon) and various amounts between those 2. | c79175dc-8ab0-47d1-a210-11244a5773ea |
2l41l4 | why all oil trading everywhere has to be done in US dollars | It is? Do you have a link?
Are you sure the USD is not just used for pricing purposes because its the world's de-facto currency for international trade?
*And before the Euro people jump down my throat on this... that doesn't mean the USD is superior to anyone... but it is also the go too currency for defining "how much something is worth" in an international scene. | 45422c1c-95ff-4b2e-bdaa-ae5a862f14b8 |
3xlvb5 | If the Constitution protects against double jeopardy, how can trials go an appellate court? | The process that happens in an appellate court or other higher court is not considered a separate trial, but rather a continuation of the original trial. What the appellate court tries to determine is whether the first court did a good job deciding the case, not (directly) if the defendant is guilty or not. The American Bar Association has a good explanation [here] (_URL_0_). | 84b423fe-a57c-49ae-9152-6bb56b56aa94 |
1ny1wl | Why it's possible to stop breathing voluntary but not your heart beat? | Here's the real answer: Your diaphragm and intercostal muscles (the muscles that allow you to breathe) are under voluntary control. Your heart is an involuntary muscle. Your heart can also become denervated (lose it's nerve connections) and still beat relatively fine. This is why people who are C2-3 quads don't die but need to go on ventilators. This is why heart transplants work. | b06272bc-1fdd-4338-9428-4925251d495a |
32zrze | how can movie trailers show clips of the movie, which I assume is finished, but not be shown for another year? | I assume you're talking about the Batman v Superman trailer. They've finished filming and probably finished editing too. They're advertising for the movie so early so people know it's coming. We probably won't get another trailer like this for at least 3 months but this early trailer just gets people excited. It lets people know in the back of their minds that a movie like this is coming rather than bombard people with 3 trailers when we're a few months before the movie. | 8bf51809-1f1d-435f-a659-3bb909bc1da9 |
8g3vl0 | Is there a limit to the “sound quality” that our ears can hear? If so, will recordings ever reach that limit (or maybe even surpass it)? | We cannot hear sound above or below certain frequency limits. No matter how good the recording is at reproducing them, even if an electronic device can hear them, we cannot hear these notes. | 63a75ba6-ec94-418f-8d5d-663ce157deff |
64td9e | Waiting for Godot, and why it's considered amazing | Waiting for Godot is a weird and meta play, but I'll give my take.
Godot means "Little God" in French. So, the characters waiting for some form of savior character day after day for eternity. Meanwhile, they complain constantly about their situation ("I'm tired") or just passively accept it ("We're waiting for Godot.") Neither character is doing anything to make their lives better, they just repeat variations of the same dialogue several times before going home... and presumably repeating the process the next day. Needless to say, their savior never appears.
The two primary characters are the "Everyman": they represent the average, everyday person in society. Sartre is criticizing both the bleak and apparently meaningless world we live in (the set for the play is a lone tree) as well as our inability to do anything to improve it.
I could try to explain a bit more, but that's the short and ELI5 version. | b08888eb-460e-40d6-a7ff-0dd61761585f |
8e8oc0 | Why are some house flies loud and some silent? | This is a simple case of their genetics. Different sized flies, having different weights, require different amounts of lift to remain airborne.
Depending on wingspan, and their strength, an insect will beat its wings at different rates.
A butterfly, with large wings, will displace more air per beat, thus generating more lift. This demands more force, but must be done less often. Since the period of their wings' motion is below 20hz, and beyond the human hearing threshold, we cannot hear them fly.
A housefly, on the other hand, displaces very little air per beat due to small wing surface areas. This, while not require a lot of force, must be done very often. Since they must beat their wings roughly 200 times a second, they produce an audible tone at a frequency of up to 1000hz. This changes depending on their flight, whether they are ascending, descending, or traveling laterally, as well as through the Doppler Effect, as they change position relative to the observer in significant time intervals. | a374a46a-4d0c-458e-ab57-91b79ad8ccb3 |
6258lw | How do home shopping tv channels like qvc and hsn stay in business? | Old people are their market. Old people hate computers and buying things they're not certain about. They see the product, and a smiling salesman, they don't have to read anything or search for it, they pick up that phone and say what they want. Edit: and if I had to guess, I'd say they don't mind paying a little more for the convenience of it. | 0e75cde6-c089-4952-99e0-6b15964cab74 |
urx00 | How does poison work? | Poison is an American glam metal band that achieved great success in the mid-1980s to mid-1990s. Poison has sold over 30 million records worldwide and have sold 15 million records in the United States alone. The band has also charted ten singles to the Top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100, including six Top 10 singles and the Hot 100 number-one single, "Every Rose Has Its Thorn". The band become icons of the '80s MTV era and have had widespread commercial success. The band's break through debut album, the multi platinum Look What the Cat Dragged In was released in 1986 and they hit their peak with the second album, the multi-platinum selling Open Up and Say... Ahh! which became the bands most successful album ever. The popularity continued into the new decade with their third consecutive multi platinum selling album Flesh & Blood.
In the 90's following the release of the bands first live album Swallow This Live, the band experienced some line up changes and the fall of Pop Metal with the grunge movement, but despite the drop in popularity the bands fourth studio album Native Tongue still achieved Gold status and the bands first compilation album Poison's Greatest Hits: 1986–1996 went double platinum.
In the 2000s, with the original line up back together, the band found new popularity after a successful greatest hits reunion tour in 1999. The band began the new decade with the release of the long awaited Crack a Smile... and More!, followed by the Power to the People album. The band toured almost every year to sold out stadiums and arenas. They released a brand new album Hollyweird in 2002 and in 2006 the band celebrated their 20 year Anniversary with The Best of Poison: 20 Years of Rock tour and album, which was certified Gold and marked Poison's return to the Billboard 200 top 20 charts for the first time since 1993. Band members have released several solo albums and starred in successful reality TV shows. After 25 years, the band is still recording music and performing.
Since their debut in 1986, they have released eight studio albums, four live albums, five compilation albums, and have issued 28 singles to radio.
[sauce](_URL_0_) | 997f8447-8d19-46bc-9782-13e27594cbab |
4r3hsb | How weather prediction works and why it requires massive computing power | We take the (imagined) atmosphere and divide it into really large slabs - about 20km on both sides horizontally and about 1 km up. With each of these slabs there are some well understood equations around the amount of air that's going to flow into and out of each of the six sides. Unfortunately this movement depends on the pressure of the next door slab, which depends on the pressure of the next door slab, which depends on the pressure of the next door slab etc. etc. so to calculate how the air is going to move you need to know the air pressure in *all* of the others, and vice versa.
There are two ways of solving this. Either you can form a massive piece of (actually very easy) maths called a matrix equation and solve it. This takes giant quantities of computer power. Or you can take a guess as to how the air should move, see how wrong you were, and refine the guess until it's more or less right. This takes less giant quantities of computer power but is inaccurate. Arguably.
How it works in practice is that the NOAA produce a huge world-wide model using very large slabs which they then give away. Local weather predictions are made by regarding this as "right", and running another huge calculation with much smaller bricks to see whether or not it's going to rain on your washing. | 1e053b83-e43a-42ef-9199-c5aead5487c0 |
1fxbow | Tautology | A tautology is a logical proposition or statement that is true under any condition. Examples of tautologies:
* Statements of the form (either x or not x): "Tomorrow, it'll either rain or it won't."
* Statements of the form (x implies x): "If it rains tomorrow, it'll be rainy."
* Statements of the form (x is equal/equivalent to x): ["The first rule of tautology club is the first rule of tautology club"](_URL_0_) | b5376b2e-1f33-4ac6-8d18-ec9a6ef825cc |
17k7tt | Why are salt and pepper such ubiquitous ingredients in cooking? | The human sense of taste has evolved to enjoy salt, because salt is important for your body to keep functioning. But that's not the only cool thing it does, it also seems to suppress our perception of bitter tastes, which lets other tastes like sweet or sour stand out more. Salt not only tastes pretty good on its own, it also makes other things taste better.
Black pepper adds some flavor and a little bit of spiciness, but usually doesn't overpower dishes unless you add too much.
Many other spices tend to be strong and distinct in flavor, and as such can "take over" a dish, instead of just enhancing it. | 326946a9-f724-498f-b1ca-dfb5937f4c47 |
45424k | What are electromagnetic waves? | Light is an electromagnetic wave . Thus all EM waves travel at the speed of light. Light is a form of energy so different electromagentic waves have different amounts of energy.
Light that contains very little energy are things like radio waves and microwaves and infrared light. We use these waves in our everyday lives.
Light with more energy is visible light. These are the waves that we as humans can see with our eyes. Other than that, they are no different than any other wave.
The waves with the most energy are ultraviolet, x ray and gamma rays. These electromagnetic waves have uses in our every day lives but because they contain so much energy in them they can harm our body.
In the simplest sense: Electromagnetic waves are a form of energy that come in many different energy levels. | 404a456d-eab4-4cf4-b97b-927ad21f8620 |
274gg6 | Why, in boxing, does the referee continue to count after a downed fighter stands back up? | It is called a standing 8 count. It basically gives the ref the ability to judge of the fighter is able to go on, or is he is essentially out on his feet. Also gives the fighter an extra couple of seconds to compose himself before continuing
_URL_0_ | ee084b49-2a43-4516-80b7-1a5a281d770b |
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