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README.md
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---
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annotations_creators:
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- no-annotation
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language_creators:
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- found
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language:
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- en
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license:
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- unknown
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multilinguality:
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- monolingual
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pretty_name: Team-PIXEL/rendered-bookcorpus
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size_categories:
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- 1M<n<10M
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source_datasets:
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- rendered|BookCorpusOpen
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task_categories:
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- masked-auto-encoding
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- rendered-language-modelling
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task_ids:
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- masked-auto-encoding
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- rendered-language-modeling
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paperswithcode_id: bookcorpus
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---
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# Dataset Card for BookCorpusOpen
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## Dataset Description
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- **Homepage:** [https://github.com/xplip/pixel](https://github.com/xplip/pixel)
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- **Repository:** [https://github.com/xplip/pixel](https://github.com/xplip/pixel)
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- **Papers:** [Aligning Books and Movies: Towards Story-like Visual Explanations by Watching Movies and Reading Books
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](https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.06724), [Language Modelling with Pixels](https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.06991)
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- **Point of Contact:** [Phillip Rust](mailto:[email protected])
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- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 63.58 GB
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- **Size of the generated dataset:** 63.59 GB
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- **Total amount of disk used:** 127.17 GB
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### Dataset Summary
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This dataset is a version of the BookCorpus available at [https://huggingface.co/datasets/bookcorpusopen](https://huggingface.co/datasets/bookcorpusopen) with examples rendered as images with resolution 16x8464 pixels.
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The original BookCorpus was introduced by Zhu et al. (2015) in [Aligning Books and Movies: Towards Story-Like Visual Explanations by Watching Movies and Reading Books](https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.06724) and contains 17868 books of various genres. The rendered BookCorpus was used to train the [PIXEL](https://huggingface.co/Team-PIXEL/pixel-base) model introduced in the paper [Language Modelling with Pixels](https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.06991) by Phillip Rust, Jonas F. Lotz, Emanuele Bugliarello, Elizabeth Salesky, Miryam de Lhoneux, and Desmond Elliott.
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The BookCorpusOpen dataset was rendered book-by-book into 5.4M examples containing approximately 1.1B words in total. The dataset is stored as a collection of 162 parquet files. It was rendered using the script openly available at [https://github.com/xplip/pixel/blob/main/scripts/data/prerendering/prerender_bookcorpus.py](https://github.com/xplip/pixel/blob/main/scripts/data/prerendering/prerender_bookcorpus.py). The text renderer uses a PyGame backend and a collection of merged Google Noto Sans fonts. The PyGame backend does not support complex text layouts (e.g. ligatures and right-to-left scripts) or emoji, so occurrences of such text in the BookCorpus have not been rendered accurately.
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Each example consists of a "pixel_values" field which stores a 16x8464 (height, width) grayscale image containing the rendered text, and an integer value "num_patches" which stores how many image patches (when splitting the image into 529 non-overlapping patches of resolution 16x16 pixels) in the associated images contain actual text, i.e. are neither blank (fully white) nor are the fully black end-of-sequence patch.
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## Dataset Structure
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### Data Instances
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- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 63.58 GB
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- **Size of the generated dataset:** 63.59 GB
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- **Total amount of disk used:** 127.17 GB
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An example of 'train' looks as follows.
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```
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{
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"pixel_values": <PIL.PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile image mode=L size=8464x16
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"num_patches": "498"
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}
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```
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### Data Fields
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The data fields are the same among all splits.
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- `pixel_values`: an `Image` feature.
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- `num_patches`: a `Value(dtype="int64")` feature.
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### Data Splits
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|train|
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|:----|
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|5400000|
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## Dataset Creation
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### Curation Rationale
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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### Source Data
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#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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#### Who are the source language producers?
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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### Annotations
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#### Annotation process
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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#### Who are the annotators?
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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### Personal and Sensitive Information
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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## Considerations for Using the Data
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### Social Impact of Dataset
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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### Discussion of Biases
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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### Other Known Limitations
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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## Additional Information
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### Dataset Curators
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[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
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### Licensing Information
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The books have been crawled from smashwords.com, see their [terms of service](https://www.smashwords.com/about/tos) for more information.
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A data sheet for this dataset has also been created and published in [Addressing "Documentation Debt" in Machine Learning Research: A Retrospective Datasheet for BookCorpus](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.05241)
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### Citation Information
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```bibtex
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@InProceedings{Zhu_2015_ICCV,
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title = {Aligning Books and Movies: Towards Story-Like Visual Explanations by Watching Movies and Reading Books},
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author = {Zhu, Yukun and Kiros, Ryan and Zemel, Rich and Salakhutdinov, Ruslan and Urtasun, Raquel and Torralba, Antonio and Fidler, Sanja},
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booktitle = {The IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)},
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month = {December},
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year = {2015}
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}
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```
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```bibtex
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@article{rust-etal-2022-pixel,
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title={Language Modelling with Pixels},
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author={Phillip Rust and Jonas F. Lotz and Emanuele Bugliarello and Elizabeth Salesky and Miryam de Lhoneux and Desmond Elliott},
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journal={arXiv preprint},
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year={2022},
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url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.06991}
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}
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```
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### Contact Person
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This dataset was added by Phillip Rust.
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Github: [@xplip](https://github.com/xplip)
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Twitter: [@rust_phillip](https://twitter.com/rust_phillip)
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