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// This contract is part of Zellic’s smart contract dataset, which is a collection of publicly available contract code gathered as of March 2023.

// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */

interface IERC20Permit {

    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     */

    function permit(

        address owner,

        address spender,

        uint256 value,

        uint256 deadline,

        uint8 v,

        bytes32 r,

        bytes32 s

    ) external;


    /**

     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be

     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.

     *

     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This

     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.

     */

    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);


    /**

     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.

     */

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase

    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */

interface IERC20 {

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */

    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);


    /**

     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by

     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.

     */

    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);


    /**

     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.

     */

    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);


    /**

     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.

     */

    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);


    /**

     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.

     *

     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);


    /**

     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be

     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is

     * zero by default.

     *

     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.

     */

    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);


    /**

     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.

     *

     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.

     *

     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk

     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate

     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race

     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the

     * desired value afterwards:

     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729

     *

     * Emits an {Approval} event.

     */

    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);


    /**

     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the

     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's

     * allowance.

     *

     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function transferFrom(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 amount

    ) external returns (bool);

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */

library Strings {

    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";

    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;



    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */

    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {

        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence

        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol


        if (value == 0) {

            return "0";

        }

        uint256 temp = value;

        uint256 digits;

        while (temp != 0) {

            digits++;

            temp /= 10;

        }

        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);

        while (value != 0) {

            digits -= 1;

            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));

            value /= 10;

        }

        return string(buffer);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.

     */

    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {

        if (value == 0) {

            return "0x00";

        }

        uint256 temp = value;

        uint256 length = 0;

        while (temp != 0) {

            length++;

            temp >>= 8;

        }

        return toHexString(value, length);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.

     */

    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {

        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);

        buffer[0] = "0";

        buffer[1] = "x";

        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {

            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];

            value >>= 4;

        }

        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");

        return string(buffer);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.

     */

    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {

        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);

    }

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */

interface IERC721Receiver {

    /**
     * @dev Whenever an {IERC721} `tokenId` token is transferred to this contract via {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}
     * by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
     *
     * It must return its Solidity selector to confirm the token transfer.
     * If any other value is returned or the interface is not implemented by the recipient, the transfer will be reverted.
     *
     * The selector can be obtained in Solidity with `IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector`.
     */

    function onERC721Received(

        address operator,

        address from,

        uint256 tokenId,

        bytes calldata data

    ) external returns (bytes4);

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/IERC165.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */

interface IERC165 {

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC1155 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */

interface IERC1155 is IERC165 {

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens of token type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
     */

    event TransferSingle(address indexed operator, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 id, uint256 value);


    /**

     * @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all

     * transfers.

     */

    event TransferBatch(

        address indexed operator,

        address indexed from,

        address indexed to,

        uint256[] ids,

        uint256[] values

    );


    /**

     * @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to

     * `approved`.

     */

    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed account, address indexed operator, bool approved);


    /**

     * @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.

     *

     * If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard

     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value

     * returned by {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.

     */

    event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);


    /**

     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens of token type `id` owned by `account`.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.

     */

    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);


    /**

     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.

     */

    function balanceOfBatch(address[] calldata accounts, uint256[] calldata ids)

        external

        view

        returns (uint256[] memory);


    /**

     * @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,

     *

     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `operator` cannot be the caller.

     */

    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;


    /**

     * @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``account``'s tokens.

     *

     * See {setApprovalForAll}.

     */

    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) external view returns (bool);


    /**

     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.

     *

     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.

     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.

     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.

     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the

     * acceptance magic value.

     */

    function safeTransferFrom(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 id,

        uint256 amount,

        bytes calldata data

    ) external;


    /**

     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.

     *

     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.

     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the

     * acceptance magic value.

     */

    function safeBatchTransferFrom(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256[] calldata ids,

        uint256[] calldata amounts,

        bytes calldata data

    ) external;

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/introspection/ERC165.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity

 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {

 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);

 * }

 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */

abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {

        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;

    }

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/IERC721.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */

interface IERC721 is IERC165 {

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
     */

    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);


    /**

     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.

     */

    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);


    /**

     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.

     */

    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);


    /**

     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.

     */

    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);


    /**

     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `tokenId` must exist.

     */

    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);


    /**

     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.

     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.

     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.

     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.

     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function safeTransferFrom(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId,

        bytes calldata data

    ) external;


    /**

     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients

     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.

     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.

     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.

     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.

     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function safeTransferFrom(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId

    ) external;


    /**

     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.

     *

     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom} whenever possible.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.

     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.

     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.

     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function transferFrom(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId

    ) external;


    /**

     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.

     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.

     *

     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.

     * - `tokenId` must exist.

     *

     * Emits an {Approval} event.

     */

    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;


    /**

     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.

     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.

     *

     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.

     */

    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) external;


    /**

     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `tokenId` must exist.

     */

    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);


    /**

     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.

     *

     * See {setApprovalForAll}

     */

    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Enumerable.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Enumerable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional enumeration extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */

interface IERC721Enumerable is IERC721 {

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total amount of tokens stored by the contract.
     */

    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);


    /**

     * @dev Returns a token ID owned by `owner` at a given `index` of its token list.

     * Use along with {balanceOf} to enumerate all of ``owner``'s tokens.

     */

    function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) external view returns (uint256);


    /**

     * @dev Returns a token ID at a given `index` of all the tokens stored by the contract.

     * Use along with {totalSupply} to enumerate all tokens.

     */

    function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) external view returns (uint256);

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;


/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */

interface IERC721Metadata is IERC721 {

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection name.
     */

    function name() external view returns (string memory);


    /**

     * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.

     */

    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);


    /**

     * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.

     */

    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */

abstract contract Context {

    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {

        return msg.sender;

    }



    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {

        return msg.data;

    }

}



// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol





// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (access/Ownable.sol)



pragma solidity ^0.8.0;





/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */

abstract contract Ownable is Context {

    address private _owner;



    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);



    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */

    constructor() {

        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());

    }


    /**

     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.

     */

    modifier onlyOwner() {

        _checkOwner();

        _;

    }


    /**

     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.

     */

    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {

        return _owner;

    }


    /**

     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.

     */

    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {

        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call

     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.

     *

     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,

     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.

     */

    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {

        _transferOwnership(address(0));

    }


    /**

     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).

     * Can only be called by the current owner.

     */

    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {

        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");

        _transferOwnership(newOwner);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).

     * Internal function without access restriction.

     */

    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {

        address oldOwner = _owner;

        _owner = newOwner;

        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);

    }

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (security/ReentrancyGuard.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
 *
 * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
 * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
 * (reentrant) calls to them.
 *
 * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
 * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
 * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
 * points to them.
 *
 * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
 * to protect against it, check out our blog post
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
 */

abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {

    // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full

    // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the

    // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write

    // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and

    // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.



    // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,

    // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in

    // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total

    // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to

    // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.

    uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;

    uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;



    uint256 private _status;



    constructor() {

        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;

    }



    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and making it call a
     * `private` function that does the actual work.
     */

    modifier nonReentrant() {

        // On the first call to nonReentrant, _notEntered will be true

        require(_status != _ENTERED, "ReentrancyGuard: reentrant call");


        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail

        _status = _ENTERED;


        _;


        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see

        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)

        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;

    }

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Counters.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Counters.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title Counters
 * @author Matt Condon (@shrugs)
 * @dev Provides counters that can only be incremented, decremented or reset. This can be used e.g. to track the number
 * of elements in a mapping, issuing ERC721 ids, or counting request ids.
 *
 * Include with `using Counters for Counters.Counter;`
 */

library Counters {

    struct Counter {

        // This variable should never be directly accessed by users of the library: interactions must be restricted to

        // the library's function. As of Solidity v0.5.2, this cannot be enforced, though there is a proposal to add

        // this feature: see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/4637

        uint256 _value; // default: 0

    }



    function current(Counter storage counter) internal view returns (uint256) {

        return counter._value;

    }



    function increment(Counter storage counter) internal {

        unchecked {

            counter._value += 1;

        }

    }



    function decrement(Counter storage counter) internal {

        uint256 value = counter._value;

        require(value > 0, "Counter: decrement overflow");

        unchecked {

            counter._value = value - 1;

        }

    }



    function reset(Counter storage counter) internal {

        counter._value = 0;

    }

}



// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol





// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Address.sol)



pragma solidity ^0.8.1;



/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */

library Address {

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */

    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {

        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0

        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end

        // of the constructor execution.


        return account.code.length > 0;

    }


    /**

     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to

     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.

     *

     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost

     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit

     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via

     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.

     *

     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].

     *

     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be

     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using

     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the

     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].

     */

    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {

        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");


        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");

        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A

     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this

     * function instead.

     *

     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this

     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).

     *

     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,

     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `target` must be a contract.

     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.

     *

     * _Available since v3.1._

     */

    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {

        return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with

     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.

     *

     * _Available since v3.1._

     */

    function functionCall(

        address target,

        bytes memory data,

        string memory errorMessage

    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {

        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],

     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.

     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.

     *

     * _Available since v3.1._

     */

    function functionCallWithValue(

        address target,

        bytes memory data,

        uint256 value

    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {

        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but

     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.

     *

     * _Available since v3.1._

     */

    function functionCallWithValue(

        address target,

        bytes memory data,

        uint256 value,

        string memory errorMessage

    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {

        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");

        require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");


        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);

        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],

     * but performing a static call.

     *

     * _Available since v3.3._

     */

    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {

        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],

     * but performing a static call.

     *

     * _Available since v3.3._

     */

    function functionStaticCall(

        address target,

        bytes memory data,

        string memory errorMessage

    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {

        require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");


        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);

        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],

     * but performing a delegate call.

     *

     * _Available since v3.4._

     */

    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {

        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],

     * but performing a delegate call.

     *

     * _Available since v3.4._

     */

    function functionDelegateCall(

        address target,

        bytes memory data,

        string memory errorMessage

    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {

        require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");


        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);

        return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the

     * revert reason using the provided one.

     *

     * _Available since v4.3._

     */

    function verifyCallResult(

        bool success,

        bytes memory returndata,

        string memory errorMessage

    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {

        if (success) {

            return returndata;

        } else {

            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present

            if (returndata.length > 0) {

                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly

                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly

                assembly {

                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)

                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)

                }

            } else {

                revert(errorMessage);

            }

        }

    }

}


// File: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol


// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;




/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */

library SafeERC20 {

    using Address for address;



    function safeTransfer(

        IERC20 token,

        address to,

        uint256 value

    ) internal {

        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));

    }



    function safeTransferFrom(

        IERC20 token,

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 value

    ) internal {

        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));

    }



    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */

    function safeApprove(

        IERC20 token,

        address spender,

        uint256 value

    ) internal {

        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,

        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use

        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'

        require(

            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),

            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"

        );

        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));

    }


    function safeIncreaseAllowance(

        IERC20 token,

        address spender,

        uint256 value

    ) internal {

        uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender) + value;

        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));

    }


    function safeDecreaseAllowance(

        IERC20 token,

        address spender,

        uint256 value

    ) internal {

        unchecked {

            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);

            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");

            uint256 newAllowance = oldAllowance - value;

            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));

        }

    }


    function safePermit(

        IERC20Permit token,

        address owner,

        address spender,

        uint256 value,

        uint256 deadline,

        uint8 v,

        bytes32 r,

        bytes32 s

    ) internal {

        uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner);

        token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);

        uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner);

        require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement

     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).

     * @param token The token targeted by the call.

     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).

     */

    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {

        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since

        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address.functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that

        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.


        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");

        if (returndata.length > 0) {

            // Return data is optional

            require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");

        }

    }

}


// File: cats/lib/BlackholePrevention.sol



// BlackholePrevention.sol -- Part of the Charged Particles Protocol
// Copyright (c) 2021 Firma Lux, Inc. <https://charged.fi>
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
// SOFTWARE.

pragma solidity >=0.8.0;






/**
 * @notice Prevents ETH or Tokens from getting stuck in a contract by allowing
 *  the Owner/DAO to pull them out on behalf of a user
 * This is only meant to contracts that are not expected to hold tokens, but do handle transferring them.
 */

contract BlackholePrevention {

  using Address for address payable;

  using SafeERC20 for IERC20;



  event WithdrawEther(address indexed receiver, uint256 amount);

  event WithdrawERC20(address indexed receiver, address indexed tokenAddress, uint256 amount);

  event WithdrawERC721(address indexed receiver, address indexed tokenAddress, uint256 indexed tokenId);

  event WithdrawERC1155(address indexed receiver, address indexed tokenAddress, uint256 indexed tokenId, uint256 amount);



  function _withdrawEther(address payable receiver, uint256 amount) internal virtual {

    require(receiver != address(0x0), "BHP:E-403");

    if (address(this).balance >= amount) {

      receiver.sendValue(amount);

      emit WithdrawEther(receiver, amount);

    }

  }



  function _withdrawERC20(address payable receiver, address tokenAddress, uint256 amount) internal virtual {

    require(receiver != address(0x0), "BHP:E-403");

    if (IERC20(tokenAddress).balanceOf(address(this)) >= amount) {

      IERC20(tokenAddress).safeTransfer(receiver, amount);

      emit WithdrawERC20(receiver, tokenAddress, amount);

    }

  }



  function _withdrawERC721(address payable receiver, address tokenAddress, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {

    require(receiver != address(0x0), "BHP:E-403");

    if (IERC721(tokenAddress).ownerOf(tokenId) == address(this)) {

      IERC721(tokenAddress).transferFrom(address(this), receiver, tokenId);

      emit WithdrawERC721(receiver, tokenAddress, tokenId);

    }

  }



  function _withdrawERC1155(address payable receiver, address tokenAddress, uint256 tokenId, uint256 amount) internal virtual {

    require(receiver != address(0x0), "BHP:E-403");

    if (IERC1155(tokenAddress).balanceOf(address(this), tokenId) >= amount) {

      IERC1155(tokenAddress).safeTransferFrom(address(this), receiver, tokenId, amount, "");

      emit WithdrawERC1155(receiver, tokenAddress, tokenId, amount);

    }

  }

}

// File: @charged-particles/peppermint/contracts/lib/ERC721.sol





// Modifed from: OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (token/ERC721/ERC721.sol)

// Modified by: Rob Secord (https://twitter.com/robsecord)

// Co-founder @ Charged Particles - Visit: https://charged.fi

// Co-founder @ Taggr             - Visit: https://taggr.io



pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

















/**
 * @dev Implementation of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721[ERC721] Non-Fungible Token Standard, including
 * the Metadata extension, but not including the Enumerable extension, which is available separately as
 * {ERC721Enumerable}.
 *
 * NOTE: Pre-Mint:
 *  The only changes made here are:
 *    - change scope of "_owners" from private to internal

 *    - change scope of "_balances" from private to internal
 *    - remove "ERC721" scope-resolution from "ownerOf" calls in order to override "ownerOf"
 */

contract ERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721, IERC721Metadata {

    using Address for address;

    using Strings for uint256;



    // Token name

    string private _name;



    // Token symbol

    string private _symbol;



    // Mapping from token ID to owner address

    mapping(uint256 => address) internal _owners;



    // Mapping owner address to token count

    mapping(address => uint256) internal _balances;



    // Mapping from token ID to approved address

    mapping(uint256 => address) private _tokenApprovals;



    // Mapping from owner to operator approvals

    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;



    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract by setting a `name` and a `symbol` to the token collection.
     */

    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {

        _name = name_;

        _symbol = symbol_;

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.

     */

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {

        return

            interfaceId == type(IERC721).interfaceId ||

            interfaceId == type(IERC721Metadata).interfaceId ||

            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721-balanceOf}.

     */

    function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {

        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: address zero is not a valid owner");

        return _balances[owner];

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721-ownerOf}.

     */

    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {

        address owner = _owners[tokenId];

        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: invalid token ID");

        return owner;

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-name}.

     */

    function name() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {

        return _name;

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-symbol}.

     */

    function symbol() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {

        return _symbol;

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-tokenURI}.

     */

    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {

        _requireMinted(tokenId);


        string memory baseURI = _baseURI();

        return bytes(baseURI).length > 0 ? string(abi.encodePacked(baseURI, tokenId.toString())) : "";

    }


    /**

     * @dev Base URI for computing {tokenURI}. If set, the resulting URI for each

     * token will be the concatenation of the `baseURI` and the `tokenId`. Empty

     * by default, can be overridden in child contracts.

     */

    function _baseURI() internal view virtual returns (string memory) {

        return "";

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721-approve}.

     */

    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual override {

        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);

        require(to != owner, "ERC721: approval to current owner");


        require(

            _msgSender() == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSender()),

            "ERC721: approve caller is not token owner nor approved for all"

        );


        _approve(to, tokenId);

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721-getApproved}.

     */

    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (address) {

        _requireMinted(tokenId);


        return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721-setApprovalForAll}.

     */

    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {

        _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721-isApprovedForAll}.

     */

    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {

        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721-transferFrom}.

     */

    function transferFrom(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId

    ) public virtual override {

        //solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length

        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: caller is not token owner nor approved");


        _transfer(from, to, tokenId);

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.

     */

    function safeTransferFrom(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId

    ) public virtual override {

        safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");

    }


    /**

     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.

     */

    function safeTransferFrom(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId,

        bytes memory data

    ) public virtual override {

        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: caller is not token owner nor approved");

        _safeTransfer(from, to, tokenId, data);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients

     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.

     *

     * `data` is additional data, it has no specified format and it is sent in call to `to`.

     *

     * This internal function is equivalent to {safeTransferFrom}, and can be used to e.g.

     * implement alternative mechanisms to perform token transfer, such as signature-based.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.

     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.

     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.

     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function _safeTransfer(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId,

        bytes memory data

    ) internal virtual {

        _transfer(from, to, tokenId);

        require(_checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Returns whether `tokenId` exists.

     *

     * Tokens can be managed by their owner or approved accounts via {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.

     *

     * Tokens start existing when they are minted (`_mint`),

     * and stop existing when they are burned (`_burn`).

     */

    function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {

        return _owners[tokenId] != address(0);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Returns whether `spender` is allowed to manage `tokenId`.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `tokenId` must exist.

     */

    function _isApprovedOrOwner(address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {

        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);

        return (spender == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender) || getApproved(tokenId) == spender);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Safely mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `tokenId` must not exist.

     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {

        _safeMint(to, tokenId, "");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeMint-address-uint256-}[`_safeMint`], with an additional `data` parameter which is

     * forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.

     */

    function _safeMint(

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId,

        bytes memory data

    ) internal virtual {

        _mint(to, tokenId);

        require(

            _checkOnERC721Received(address(0), to, tokenId, data),

            "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer"

        );

    }


    /**

     * @dev Mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.

     *

     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {_safeMint} whenever possible

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `tokenId` must not exist.

     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {

        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: mint to the zero address");

        require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");


        _beforeTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId);


        _balances[to] += 1;

        _owners[tokenId] = to;


        emit Transfer(address(0), to, tokenId);


        _afterTokenTransfer(address(0), to, tokenId);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Destroys `tokenId`.

     * The approval is cleared when the token is burned.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `tokenId` must exist.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {

        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);


        _beforeTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);


        // Clear approvals

        _approve(address(0), tokenId);


        _balances[owner] -= 1;

        delete _owners[tokenId];


        emit Transfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);


        _afterTokenTransfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.

     *  As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.

     *

     * Requirements:

     *

     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.

     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.

     *

     * Emits a {Transfer} event.

     */

    function _transfer(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId

    ) internal virtual {

        require(ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer from incorrect owner");

        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: transfer to the zero address");


        _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);


        // Clear approvals from the previous owner

        _approve(address(0), tokenId);


        _balances[from] -= 1;

        _balances[to] += 1;

        _owners[tokenId] = to;


        emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);


        _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Approve `to` to operate on `tokenId`

     *

     * Emits an {Approval} event.

     */

    function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal virtual {

        _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;

        emit Approval(ownerOf(tokenId), to, tokenId);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens

     *

     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.

     */

    function _setApprovalForAll(

        address owner,

        address operator,

        bool approved

    ) internal virtual {

        require(owner != operator, "ERC721: approve to caller");

        _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;

        emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);

    }


    /**

     * @dev Reverts if the `tokenId` has not been minted yet.

     */

    function _requireMinted(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual {

        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: invalid token ID");

    }


    /**

     * @dev Internal function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address.

     * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.

     *

     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID

     * @param to target address that will receive the tokens

     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred

     * @param data bytes optional data to send along with the call

     * @return bool whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value

     */

    function _checkOnERC721Received(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId,

        bytes memory data

    ) private returns (bool) {

        if (to.isContract()) {

            try IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, tokenId, data) returns (bytes4 retval) {

                return retval == IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector;

            } catch (bytes memory reason) {

                if (reason.length == 0) {

                    revert("ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");

                } else {

                    /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly

                    assembly {

                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))

                    }

                }

            }

        } else {

            return true;

        }

    }


    /**

     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting

     * and burning.

     *

     * Calling conditions:

     *

     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be

     * transferred to `to`.

     * - When `from` is zero, `tokenId` will be minted for `to`.

     * - When `to` is zero, ``from``'s `tokenId` will be burned.

     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.

     *

     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].

     */

    function _beforeTokenTransfer(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId

    ) internal virtual {}


    /**

     * @dev Hook that is called after any transfer of tokens. This includes

     * minting and burning.

     *

     * Calling conditions:

     *

     * - when `from` and `to` are both non-zero.

     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.

     *

     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].

     */

    function _afterTokenTransfer(

        address from,

        address to,

        uint256 tokenId

    ) internal virtual {}

}


// File: @charged-particles/peppermint/contracts/lib/ERC721EnumerablePreMint.sol


// Modified from: OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Enumerable.sol)
// Modified by: Rob Secord (https://twitter.com/robsecord)
// Co-founder @ Charged Particles - Visit: https://charged.fi
// Co-founder @ Taggr             - Visit: https://taggr.io

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;



/**
 * @dev This implements an optional extension of {ERC721} defined in the EIP that adds
 * enumerability of all the token ids in the contract as well as all token ids owned by each
 * account.
 *
 * @dev This implementation also includes support for pre-minting a max-supply of tokens up-front.
 *
 * Note on pre-mint:
 *  Assumes a Max-Supply which is entirely pre-minted to initial address with sequential Token IDs.
 *  For this reason, the "allTokens" state vars are unneccesary and have been removed.
 *  Also defines 2 light-weight state vars: "_preMintReceiver" & "_maxSupply"
 *  Overrides "ownerOf" & "_exists"

 */

abstract contract ERC721EnumerablePreMint is ERC721, IERC721Enumerable {

  // Mapping from owner to list of owned token IDs

  mapping(address => mapping(uint256 => uint256)) private _ownedTokens;

  // Mapping from token ID to index of the owner tokens list
  mapping(uint256 => uint256) private _ownedTokensIndex;



  // Tracking for the Pre-Mint Receiver

  address internal _preMintReceiver;

  // Max-Supply for Pre-Mint
  uint256 internal _maxSupply;



  /**

    * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.

    *

    * Note on Pre-Mint: this implementation maintains the exact same interface for IERC721Enumerable

    */

  function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(IERC165, ERC721) returns (bool) {

      return interfaceId == type(IERC721Enumerable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);

  }



  /**

    * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-tokenOfOwnerByIndex}.

    */

  function tokenOfOwnerByIndex(address owner, uint256 index) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {

      require(index < ERC721.balanceOf(owner), "ERC721Enumerable: owner index out of bounds");

      uint256 tokenId = _ownedTokens[owner][index];
      // All indices within the Pre-Mint range are base-1 sequential and owned by the Pre-Mint Receiver.

      if (tokenId == 0 && owner == _preMintReceiver) {

        tokenId = index + 1;

      }

      return tokenId;

  }


  /**
    * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-totalSupply}.
    */

  function totalSupply() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {

      // The Total Supply is simply the Max Supply

      return _maxSupply;

  }


  /**
    * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-tokenByIndex}.
    */

  function tokenByIndex(uint256 index) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {

      require(index < _maxSupply, "ERC721Enumerable: global index out of bounds");

      // Array index is 0-based, whereas Token ID is 1-based (sequential).

      return index + 1;

  }


  /**
    * @dev Override the ERC721 "ownerOf" function to account for the Pre-Mint Receiver.
    */

  function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override(IERC721, ERC721) returns (address) {

    // Anything beyond the Pre-Minted supply will use the standard "ownerOf"

    if (tokenId > _maxSupply) {

      return super.ownerOf(tokenId);

    }


    // Since we have Pre-Minted the Max-Supply to the "Pre-Mint Receiver" account, we know:

    //  - if the "_owners" mapping has not been assigned, then the owner is the Pre-Mint Receiver.

    //  - after the NFT is transferred, the "_owners" mapping will be updated with the new owner.

    address owner_ = _owners[tokenId];

    if (owner_ == address(0)) {

      owner_ = _preMintReceiver;

    }

    return owner_;

  }


  /**
    * @dev Override the ERC721 "_exists" function to account for the Pre-Minted Max-Supply.

    */

  function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual override(ERC721) returns (bool) {
    // Anything beyond the Pre-Minted supply will use the standard "_exists"

    if (tokenId > _maxSupply) {

      return super._exists(tokenId);

    }


    // We know the Max-Supply has been Pre-Minted with Sequential Token IDs

    return (tokenId > 0 && tokenId <= _maxSupply);

  }


  /**
    * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-_beforeTokenTransfer}.

    */

  function _beforeTokenTransfer(
    address from,

    address to,

    uint256 tokenId

  ) internal virtual override {

    super._beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);


    if (from != to) {

      _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(from, tokenId);

      _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(to, tokenId);

    }

  }


  /**
    * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-_addTokenToOwnerEnumeration}.

    */

  function _addTokenToOwnerEnumeration(address to, uint256 tokenId) private {
    uint256 length = ERC721.balanceOf(to);

    _ownedTokens[to][length] = tokenId;

    _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId] = length;

  }


  /**
    * @dev See {IERC721Enumerable-_removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration}.

    */

  function _removeTokenFromOwnerEnumeration(address from, uint256 tokenId) private {
    // To prevent a gap in from's tokens array, we store the last token in the index of the token to delete, and

    // then delete the last slot (swap and pop).


    uint256 lastTokenIndex = ERC721.balanceOf(from) - 1;

    uint256 tokenIndex = _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId];


    // When the token to delete is the last token, the swap operation is unnecessary

    if (tokenIndex != lastTokenIndex) {

      uint256 lastTokenId = _ownedTokens[from][lastTokenIndex];


      _ownedTokens[from][tokenIndex] = lastTokenId; // Move the last token to the slot of the to-delete token

      _ownedTokensIndex[lastTokenId] = tokenIndex; // Update the moved token's index

    }


    // This also deletes the contents at the last position of the array

    delete _ownedTokensIndex[tokenId];

    delete _ownedTokens[from][lastTokenIndex];

  }

}


// File: @charged-particles/peppermint/contracts/ERC721PreMint.sol


// Written by: Rob Secord (https://twitter.com/robsecord)
// Co-founder @ Charged Particles - Visit: https://charged.fi
// Co-founder @ Taggr             - Visit: https://taggr.io

pragma solidity 0.8.4;



/**
 * @dev This implements a Pre-Mint version of {ERC721} that adds the ability to Pre-Mint
 * all the token ids in the contract as assign an initial owner for each token id.
 *
 * On-chain state for Pre-Mint does not need to be initially stored if Max-Supply is known.
 * Minting is a simple matter of assigning a balance to the pre-mint receiver,
 * and modifying the "read" methods to account for the pre-mint receiver as owner.
 * We use the Consecutive Transfer Method as defined in EIP-2309 to signal inital ownership.
 * Almost everything else remains standard.
 * We also default to the contract "owner" as the pre-mint receiver, but this can be changed.
 */

contract ERC721PreMint is

  Ownable,

  ERC721EnumerablePreMint

{

  /// @dev EIP-2309: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2309

  event ConsecutiveTransfer(uint256 indexed fromTokenId, uint256 toTokenId, address indexed fromAddress, address indexed toAddress);



  /**
    * @dev Initializes the contract by setting a `name` and a `symbol` to the token collection,
    * as well as a `minter` and a `maxSupply` for pre-minting the collection.
    */

  constructor(

    string memory name,

    string memory symbol,

    address minter,

    uint256 maxSupply

  )

    ERC721(name, symbol)

  {

    // Set vars defined in ERC721EnumerablePreMint.sol

    _maxSupply = maxSupply;

    _preMintReceiver = minter;

  }


  /**
    * @dev Pre-mint the max-supply of token IDs to the minter account.
    * Token IDs are in base-1 sequential order.
    */

  function _preMint() internal {

    // Update balance for initial owner, defined in ERC721.sol

    _balances[_preMintReceiver] = _maxSupply;


    // Emit the Consecutive Transfer Event

    emit ConsecutiveTransfer(1, _maxSupply, address(0), _preMintReceiver);

  }

}


// File: cats/SudoNeko.sol


// Written by: Rob Secord (https://twitter.com/robsecord)
// Visit: Charged Particles - https://charged.fi
// Visit: Taggr - https://taggr.io

pragma solidity 0.8.4;






contract SudoNeko is ERC721PreMint, ReentrancyGuard, BlackholePrevention {
  using Address for address payable;
  using Counters for Counters.Counter;

  /// @dev Some sales-related events
  event Purchase(address indexed newOwner, uint256 amount, uint256 lastTokenId);
  event PriceUpdate(uint256 newPrice);

  /// @dev Track number of tokens sold
  Counters.Counter internal _lastPurchasedTokenId;



  /// @dev ERC721 Base Token URI

  string internal _baseTokenURI;

  // Individual NFT Sale Price in ETH
  uint256 public _pricePer;



  // Feel the Burn!

  mapping (uint256 => uint256) internal _burns;


  /// @dev The Deployer of this contract is also the Owner and the Pre-Mint Receiver.
  constructor(
    string memory name,

    string memory symbol,

    string memory baseUri,

    uint256 maxSupply

  )

    ERC721PreMint(name, symbol, _msgSender(), maxSupply)

  {

    _baseTokenURI = baseUri;


    // Since we pre-mint to "owner", allow this contract to transfer on behalf of "owner" for sales.

    _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), address(this), true);

  }



  /// @dev Let's Pre-Mint a Gazillion NFTs!!  (wait, 2^^256-1 equals what again?)
  function preMint() external onlyOwner {
    _preMint();

  }



  /**
   * @dev Purchases from the Pre-Mint Receiver are a simple matter of transferring the token.
   * For this reason, we can provide a very simple "batch" transfer mechanism in order to
   * save even more gas for our users.
   */

  function purchase(uint256 amount) external payable virtual nonReentrant returns (uint256 amountTransferred) {

    uint256 index = _lastPurchasedTokenId.current();

    if (index + amount > _maxSupply) {

        amount = _maxSupply - index;

    }



    uint256 cost;

    if (_pricePer > 0) {

      cost = _pricePer * amount;
      require(msg.value >= cost, "Insufficient payment");

    }


    uint256[] memory tokenIds = new uint256[](amount);

    for (uint256 i = 0; i < amount; i++) {

      _lastPurchasedTokenId.increment();

      tokenIds[i] = _lastPurchasedTokenId.current();

    }

    amountTransferred = _batchTransfer(owner(), _msgSender(), tokenIds);


    emit Purchase(_msgSender(), amount, _lastPurchasedTokenId.current());


    // Refund overspend

    if (msg.value > cost) {

      payable(_msgSender()).sendValue(msg.value - cost);

    }

  }



  /// @dev Set the price for sales to maintain a consistent purchase price
  function setPrice(uint256 newPrice) external onlyOwner {
    _pricePer = newPrice;

    emit PriceUpdate(newPrice);

  }


  /// @dev Provide a Base URI for Token Metadata (override defined in ERC721.sol)
  function _baseURI() internal view virtual override returns (string memory) {

    return _baseTokenURI;
  }

  //
  // Batch Transfers
  //

  function batchTransfer(
    address to,

    uint256[] memory tokenIds

  ) external virtual returns (uint256 amountTransferred) {

    amountTransferred = _batchTransfer(_msgSender(), to, tokenIds);

  }


  function batchTransferFrom(
    address from,

    address to,

    uint256[] memory tokenIds

  ) external virtual returns (uint256 amountTransferred) {

    amountTransferred = _batchTransfer(from, to, tokenIds);

  }


  function _batchTransfer(

    address from,

    address to,

    uint256[] memory tokenIds

  )

    internal

    virtual

    returns (uint256 amountTransferred)

  {

    uint256 count = tokenIds.length;



    for (uint256 i = 0; i < count; i++) {

      uint256 tokenId = tokenIds[i];



      // Skip invalid tokens; no need to cancel the whole tx for 1 failure

      // These are the exact same "require" checks performed in ERC721.sol for standard transfers.

      if (

        (ownerOf(tokenId) != from) ||

        (!_isApprovedOrOwner(from, tokenId)) ||
        (to == address(0))

      ) { continue; }


      _beforeTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);


      // Clear approvals from the previous owner

      _approve(address(0), tokenId);


      amountTransferred += 1;

      _owners[tokenId] = to;


      emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);


      _afterTokenTransfer(from, to, tokenId);

    }


    // We can save a bit of gas here by updating these state-vars atthe end

    _balances[from] -= amountTransferred;

    _balances[to] += amountTransferred;

  }


  // Curious...
  /// @dev Very curious...
  function burn(uint256 tokenId) external virtual {
    _burn(tokenId);

    uint256 burns = _burns[tokenId];

    uint256 index = _lastPurchasedTokenId.current();

    if (index < _maxSupply && burns < 3) {

      _lastPurchasedTokenId.increment();

      uint256 newTokenId = _lastPurchasedTokenId.current();

      _burns[newTokenId] = burns + 1;

      _transfer(owner(), _msgSender(), tokenId);

    }

  }

  function getBurns(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (uint256) {

    return _burns[tokenId];

  }


  /***********************************|

  |            Only Owner             |

  |      (blackhole prevention)       |

  |__________________________________*/



  function withdrawEther(address payable receiver, uint256 amount) external onlyOwner {

    _withdrawEther(receiver, amount);

  }



  function withdrawErc20(address payable receiver, address tokenAddress, uint256 amount) external onlyOwner {

    _withdrawERC20(receiver, tokenAddress, amount);

  }



  function withdrawERC721(address payable receiver, address tokenAddress, uint256 tokenId) external onlyOwner {

    _withdrawERC721(receiver, tokenAddress, tokenId);

  }



  function withdrawERC1155(address payable receiver, address tokenAddress, uint256 tokenId, uint256 amount) external onlyOwner {

    _withdrawERC1155(receiver, tokenAddress, tokenId, amount);

  }

}