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transcript/DIY_PXr0SBa_Poc.txt

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+[0.000 --> 8.760]  Hey, I'm working on a project right now, so I can't do a full blown tutorial, but as I'm
+[8.760 --> 15.680]  cutting some stuff out, I thought, bring up a little something I was thinking about.
+[15.680 --> 22.520]  It was something that someone asked me one time, do you need steady hands to be a stop
+[22.520 --> 25.420]  motion animator?
+[25.420 --> 38.980]  So of course, I can only speak with my own experience, but from my perspective, I'm someone
+[38.980 --> 47.260]  who's born with very naturally unsteady hands, and I've been doing art my whole life.
+[47.260 --> 56.480]  Before I got into filmmaking, I was doing drawing, and I was able to draw with a pretty
+[56.480 --> 67.580]  legit amount of detail for someone with massively steady unhands, massively unsteady hands.
+[67.580 --> 74.620]  I'll show you right here, look, I hold my hand out, and it's naturally got a wiggle, and
+[74.620 --> 82.740]  sometimes it's shaken like that, and that's just the way I've been ever since I was young.
+[82.740 --> 89.580]  So will it help you as a stop motion animator if you are surgically steady?
+[89.580 --> 95.980]  Yeah, I'm sure it would, but I know nothing about that because I've had unsteady hands
+[95.980 --> 99.220]  my whole life.
+[99.220 --> 108.700]  And the most important thing for me has been having an eye to see what it is that I want
+[108.700 --> 111.780]  to create.
+[111.780 --> 120.620]  So if I'm not liking something that my hands are doing, I'll use something else.
+[120.620 --> 122.540]  I'll move it with this.
+[123.380 --> 125.260]  I'll try to be as slow as possible.
+[125.260 --> 130.580]  I'll find ways to brace my hand against other things, like this part of my hand, and of
+[130.580 --> 139.660]  course I know that makes smudges and prints if you're using glass, but somehow I've managed.
+[139.660 --> 148.140]  So my answer is no, I don't think you need steady hands to be a good stop motion animator.
+[148.140 --> 150.300]  Get at the end of the day.
+[150.300 --> 155.180]  If the stuff you make, be a stop motion, it's just too unsteady.
+[155.180 --> 162.020]  You always have the option to fix it in post, and I do that a lot.
+[162.020 --> 169.860]  So all those out there who are worried about getting into stop motion because they're
+[169.860 --> 175.980]  not sure if they can be steady enough to do the tiny micro movements that are required
+[175.980 --> 178.020]  to make fluid animation.
+[178.020 --> 180.580]  Don't be so hard on yourself.
+[180.580 --> 182.420]  Have fun.
+[182.420 --> 189.780]  Bring a character to life, find the join process, and sometimes just go frenzy style, buck
+[189.780 --> 192.620]  wild.
+[192.620 --> 200.340]  I used to use a term fast and furious when I was teaching some drawing lessons for Mark
+[200.340 --> 201.660]  Kisler's program.
+[201.660 --> 213.540]  He's an amazing, amazing drawing instructor for kids, but also for adults too.
+[213.540 --> 221.060]  I grew up on his stuff, watching his things, and I think that's a message that he ingrained
+[221.060 --> 225.300]  in me is there are no mistakes.
+[225.300 --> 228.500]  It's only a mistake if you say it's a mistake.
+[228.500 --> 234.260]  You don't like the way something is that you've done, do something else to improve it.
+[234.260 --> 237.020]  You don't have to be tactical, and you don't have to be surgical.
+[237.020 --> 239.860]  If you are, there's nothing wrong with that.
+[239.860 --> 241.860]  Fantastic for you.
+[241.860 --> 249.100]  But if you're someone like me who has unsteady hands, there are ways to get around it and
+[249.100 --> 255.580]  to be creative and to do well enough that you can make a living doing it.
+[256.580 --> 259.580]  That's my little Cisler side chat for today.
+[259.580 --> 260.580]  See you.

transcript/training_-v6q4AdYQSA.txt

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+[0.000 --> 4.160]  Okay, let me know if you relate to the statement or have ever said it before.
+[6.240 --> 9.760]  I need to make more time to draw.
+[15.200 --> 16.640]  Yeah, we've all been there.
+[16.640 --> 20.960]  Whether you're feeling a bit rusty or simply want to make more time to practice,
+[20.960 --> 24.080]  may I invite you to be students together today?
+[24.080 --> 27.280]  It's never too late to get started or brush up on some skills.
+[27.280 --> 30.400]  So feel free to grab your sketchbook and let's go for it together.
+[32.560 --> 35.040]  First things first, let's pick a topic.
+[35.040 --> 40.800]  There are endless topics to study, but on today's agenda, some anatomy figure drawing.
+[40.800 --> 44.320]  Throughout art school, an essential course we took was drawing from life,
+[44.320 --> 48.240]  specifically studying the human anatomy, the human body, and there are different
+[48.240 --> 52.560]  techniques on how to do so. Masters of the Renaissance like Michelangelo,
+[52.560 --> 56.800]  Raphael Leonardo da Vinci all included this in their practice.
+[56.800 --> 61.440]  Whether they're drawing or painting the figure, they really took time to study the anatomy of
+[61.440 --> 66.880]  the human form. A complex yet exquisite subject, and this practice carries on through today.
+[66.880 --> 71.120]  And figure drawing was reintroduced in art school, and this involved sitting around in a circle,
+[71.120 --> 76.480]  the model was in the middle. We all had easels and big giant drawing pads and just drew what was
+[76.480 --> 80.880]  in front of us. And although we don't have a live model today, I want to recreate this feeling and
+[80.880 --> 84.800]  this session together. With some references I prepared right in front of me, which will pop up
+[84.800 --> 88.960]  on your screen as well, but the overall point is to set up your subject in front of you.
+[88.960 --> 93.680]  I continue to attend in-person sessions, so if you're able to, I definitely recommend it as well.
+[93.680 --> 97.840]  But in today's episode, I just want to bring the ability for us to do it together wherever you are.
+[102.480 --> 107.920]  When any class or practice is in session, you are prepared. All your attention is at your practice.
+[107.920 --> 112.320]  So if you're practicing along with me, try to place the screen right in front of you and elevate
+[112.320 --> 117.280]  your drawing pad so you're looking right directly up and studying from that. Also, maybe try to
+[117.280 --> 121.680]  challenge yourself with a larger sheet of paper so you get a little more movement in your arm.
+[121.680 --> 126.240]  If you don't happen to have an ease at home, don't worry, just simply lean your paper pad against
+[126.240 --> 129.040]  your table and just create a little bit of a tilt.
+[132.400 --> 136.560]  Lastly, prepare your favorite drawing tool or something just as simple as a pencil.
+[136.560 --> 140.800]  Get comfy, make sure that everything is nice and steady for yourself.
+[140.800 --> 144.720]  You want to be as comfortable as possible and make sure there are no distractions.
+[144.720 --> 147.920]  These are free references that I found online which I'll link below,
+[147.920 --> 150.560]  but I'm really excited to guide you along together with me.
+[150.560 --> 152.960]  So here are just some quick tips before we begin.
+[152.960 --> 156.800]  Today's intention is not to get into too much detail and hunch over.
+[156.800 --> 160.560]  We want to set up straight, keep our posture and draw from the shoulder.
+[160.560 --> 164.880]  I mentioned this in my warm up practice video, but it's often overlooked and I'll just keep
+[164.880 --> 170.400]  gently reminding you. So what we don't want to do is focus too much on one little area.
+[170.400 --> 173.920]  Our goal is going to be to capture the whole figure and guess what?
+[173.920 --> 177.440]  There will be a timer. This will also be a two-part session.
+[177.440 --> 182.560]  In this part one study episode, we're going to do seven one-minute poses and then we're going to do
+[182.560 --> 187.920]  seven three-minute poses. And then the next one will do two five-minute poses for ten-minute poses
+[187.920 --> 191.200]  and then I'll guide you through a whole gouache painting of how I study the figure.
+[191.920 --> 195.440]  Now that we're all set up, let's get started with today's session which is all about
+[195.440 --> 200.480]  loosening up nice and freeing, getting rid of perfection, and the best way to do that and
+[200.480 --> 205.760]  challenge yourself is with a quick one-minute gesture drawing. No details just capturing the
+[205.760 --> 210.480]  main action. And that's right, one minute on the clock so we have no time to overthink,
+[210.480 --> 217.360]  but just intuitively draw. Here's our first pose. Let's capture it with the time set and let's go!
+[221.440 --> 234.720]  I love practicing through repetition and gestures are a great way to remind yourself to loosen up,
+[234.720 --> 239.280]  really study the action and form. You may feel a little pressuring at first with such a time
+[239.280 --> 243.760]  constraint. That's really all an illusion and just have fun with it and enjoy it. I want to show
+[243.760 --> 248.800]  you that messy sketches are okay and it's all part of the learning process. And the beauty about
+[248.800 --> 251.840]  is that it's super versatile and great for all levels.
+[256.960 --> 261.280]  Before I move on to the other gesture drawings, just want you to know that the first few that you
+[261.280 --> 266.320]  do are supposed to feel like weird and awkward. They're going to feel intense because you're doing
+[266.320 --> 272.080]  something in one minute and the goal here is just to keep that hand moving. You're capturing
+[272.080 --> 276.800]  the main gesture. You're capturing the main line of action and they're not supposed to look perfect.
+[276.800 --> 280.800]  Get rid of perfection because this is just an exercise for you to move your hand
+[280.800 --> 283.280]  and just capture the whole figure as one.
+[288.400 --> 292.960]  So as I'm finishing this demo, the first few drawings that I like to do in my practice are really
+[292.960 --> 299.280]  just warm-ups. Learning to get loose, learning to make mistakes, get messy, slowly get in your flow
+[299.360 --> 304.000]  state. Don't think about composition. Just begin and get your hand flowing.
+[307.600 --> 312.640]  These will be a bit sped up for time-sake. So feel free to pause the video at any time and
+[312.640 --> 313.920]  make your own timer as well.
+[319.440 --> 324.240]  So while doing these practice gesture drawings and just getting the flow of things nice and quick,
+[324.240 --> 328.560]  if you're not able to get things down in one minute, perhaps you need to draw just a little bit
+[328.560 --> 332.080]  smaller. As you go on with your drawing session, you're going to learn that there are different
+[332.080 --> 336.160]  things you're aware of. You're going to realize things like, oh, maybe I should draw smaller.
+[336.160 --> 339.920]  Maybe I should hold my pencil a different way so that I can work quicker and get the flow
+[339.920 --> 353.280]  in quicker. Just take note of anything that comes up and pivot if necessary.
+[362.880 --> 368.400]  I'm just using some graphite now and I love using the blending stump to get in some quick values
+[368.480 --> 372.240]  and it honestly saves time especially when you're doing such quick studies.
+[372.240 --> 377.680]  Chesters can be challenging only because we usually seek perfection in detail and this is a great
+[377.680 --> 382.800]  way to undo that and let go of that. So I also have to remind myself to practice these some time
+[382.800 --> 387.920]  because they're really freeing and get different artistic muscles moving. So don't be afraid to get
+[387.920 --> 398.240]  messy and don't be afraid of the challenge at all.
+[398.400 --> 416.080]  It's really great to also practice different types of references, different poses,
+[416.080 --> 422.160]  facing forward, facing back, some a little bit more still, some a little bit with more action.
+[422.160 --> 427.600]  I'm all about variety so that's what I'm presenting you here. But once again, reminding you of the
+[427.600 --> 434.800]  intention today, just some little drawing drills to sharpen up some skills. And remember guys,
+[434.800 --> 447.040]  repetition is key and what we're also doing today is building up some self discipline.
+[448.000 --> 459.200]  As I'm drawing and finishing up this last pose for our gesture session, I'm smudging with my
+[459.200 --> 465.520]  finger, I'm focusing on different angles and within myself and my own mind seeing how I can push
+[465.520 --> 470.240]  my little strategies and do something a little bit new with each drawing. This is your time to
+[470.240 --> 476.000]  experiment. It's totally safe space so don't be afraid and just go for it. All right, let's see how
+[476.000 --> 485.040]  many we have. Looks like the first seven are complete. All right, first page is done. How are
+[485.040 --> 490.240]  you holding up there? If you're practicing with me, just know that the gestures are super freeing,
+[490.240 --> 495.520]  they're going to feel weird. But also they'll feel really good at the same time. Take a moment to
+[495.520 --> 500.640]  look at your drawings, give yourself a positive comment, even if they're messy and loose, they're still
+[500.720 --> 505.520]  beauty in them. Take it as a nice warm up and a fun exercise. Now you're going to set your
+[505.520 --> 510.640]  timers to three minutes and we'll do another seven of those. Oh, let's go for it.
+[513.920 --> 518.160]  As I'm getting ready to set up for the next one, a quick word from today's sponsors,
+[518.160 --> 523.440]  Squarespace. I think we can all challenge ourselves and teach ourselves anything. And as a full-time
+[523.440 --> 528.160]  artist, I've built my website with Squarespace. They're all in one platform and award-winning
+[528.160 --> 532.720]  templates make it super easy for you to do so. You can manage your online portfolio, you can even
+[532.720 --> 536.960]  set up your own shop. The fact that the way Squarespace templates are designed are super mobile
+[536.960 --> 542.000]  friendly, which makes it easier for anyone to shop from any place. Ride from their mobile devices.
+[542.000 --> 546.320]  A great tip from something I learned when I was setting up my website. I love that I was able to
+[546.320 --> 550.880]  test out the templates, drag and drop some images to see how I like them looking. They have many
+[550.880 --> 555.680]  templates like the Brian family, which is super versatile. You can customize it, play around,
+[555.680 --> 560.160]  pressure-free, and then you can see how you like the design. The best way to do that is to head to
+[560.160 --> 565.120]  Squarespace.com to start your free trial. And when you're ready to launch, go to Squarespace.com
+[565.120 --> 569.600]  forward slash just carp for 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain.
+[572.240 --> 577.680]  For these three-minute drawings, I'm using a charcoal pencil. I have to be honest, I don't normally
+[577.680 --> 583.200]  grab this tool, but sometimes grabbing the tool that you don't normally grab is really great.
+[583.200 --> 587.040]  Another tip I'd like to mention is make sure you're glancing at your reference
+[587.040 --> 591.200]  and back at your drawing paper. At your reference, back at your drawing paper.
+[591.200 --> 596.400]  Actively observe your model or your reference. This way, you're applying your hand and eye
+[596.400 --> 601.440]  coordination together through your skills. And I like to try as many as possible until I feel
+[601.440 --> 606.400]  confident and strong about it. And although I've been practicing for quite a while, there's always
+[606.400 --> 610.560]  something new that I can learn. And I hope you've been enjoying learning together.
+[620.000 --> 624.960]  A pattern you may notice while you're drawing and you're doing more and more is that they get
+[624.960 --> 630.320]  better and you notice some new things. So just be mindful of that and know that with each one,
+[630.320 --> 635.120]  you're learning something, you're progressing. So just keep your head up and enjoy the process.
+[666.960 --> 683.920]  At this point in my practice sessions, my music is blasting, I'm singing along, I'm completely
+[683.920 --> 689.600]  in the zone. I remind myself to keep loosening up and have fun with it because we can be hard
+[689.600 --> 695.760]  at ourselves. I'm also alternating between the blending stump and my pencil. I can also keep
+[695.760 --> 700.640]  things interesting by switching from graphite or charcoal. Again, at the end of the day,
+[700.640 --> 705.600]  just enjoy the supply you're using. It really doesn't matter, which is why keeping it super
+[705.600 --> 711.440]  simple sometimes really helps. And just like I mentioned in my creative habits video for 2023,
+[711.440 --> 715.600]  the point is to just show up. Just get started and get going.
+[756.160 --> 764.240]  While you're drawing, if it helps, check out some other examples of figure drawings or gesture
+[764.240 --> 768.720]  drawings. Open your mind and build your creative library because although there are endless
+[768.720 --> 773.680]  possibilities on how to study and practice, this is just one of them. I also really enjoy
+[773.680 --> 778.560]  breaking things down into diagrams and shapes. And I'll show some of those examples in the next
+[778.560 --> 782.000]  video. So make sure you hit those notification bells so you don't miss it.
+[786.720 --> 794.480]  I've been reading many of your comments on the creative habits video. First, I'd love to say
+[794.480 --> 799.040]  thank you so much for all your support and awesome comments. It's such a beautiful thing to be
+[799.040 --> 803.680]  able to reach you guys all over the world and the fact that we can all support and uplift each other
+[803.680 --> 809.280]  through the comment section is even cooler. So I want to try something new where I take a comment
+[809.280 --> 815.360]  and shout it out from previous videos. Today's featured comment is from Roxana. Thanks for commenting
+[815.360 --> 820.720]  and for your support. She mentions that committing to the page is also one of her creative habits
+[820.720 --> 825.360]  and she's reminded to be a bit more patient and not to think about the finish, which is really great
+[825.360 --> 830.080]  because we often can think about the end when it's really important to just focus on the moments
+[830.080 --> 835.840]  and your practice. A huge thank you and huge hug right back. Patience is always a great reminder.
+[839.120 --> 845.040]  For this next and final pose, once again with some variety, let's do a laying down pose.
+[845.040 --> 851.120]  A little bit of a challenge but nothing we can't do. Something I learned from this practice today
+[851.120 --> 857.600]  is that it takes a few times to get a little bit warmed up. Life can take over sometimes our day-to-day
+[857.600 --> 864.400]  lives, can get a bit hectic and we can feel a bit rusty. But once we just start, once we get going,
+[864.400 --> 870.160]  once we put in just a little bit more time throughout our day, especially to up our skills or do
+[870.160 --> 875.280]  something that we love. It's like riding a bike. We just catch on, we keep going and believe it or
+[875.280 --> 880.080]  not, we end up improving through the process. One percent better than you were yesterday.
+[880.080 --> 888.000]  Strive for that and you're already on the right track.
+[904.720 --> 909.520]  There's a time for finished pieces but today I wanted to shine light on the beauty of messy sketches,
+[909.520 --> 914.320]  loosening up and enjoying the process because without this practice, it's way more difficult to
+[914.320 --> 919.280]  get to the next step. If you enjoyed this session, we have a real-time Patreon live session so you
+[919.280 --> 923.840]  can check that out if you're interested. As mentioned, there will be a part two. So make sure you
+[923.840 --> 928.560]  pencil in our next practice session together by hitting that subscribe button and notification bells
+[928.560 --> 934.000]  on because part two will be all about building the form, finding shapes, stylization and a yummy
+[934.480 --> 939.120]  gouache painting of the figure. Before we go, time for a quick reflection.
+[940.480 --> 946.240]  Grab the drawing you made and ask yourself two questions. One, what is successful here?
+[946.240 --> 951.440]  And two, what can you apply and do better next time? Feel free to also share it in the comments
+[951.440 --> 957.760]  below and then we can apply these in the next video. Once you're reflected, that's it. You did it.
+[958.160 --> 962.720]  Give yourself credit, thumbs up this video if you found it helpful. It really helps to spread it
+[962.720 --> 966.960]  to more and more people who want to practice as well. If you want more practice right now, I have
+[966.960 --> 972.000]  two videos up top. I'm great simple warm-ups and some more gesture drawings if you're on a roll
+[972.000 --> 981.120]  here. Stay creative and I'll see you in part two.

transcript/training_3oxYqRg9-Dk.txt

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+[0.000 --> 7.440]  I am slow. Like really really slow at drawing, but I have to draw a lot of figures if I want to improve.
+[7.440 --> 10.880]  So I had to do the unthinkable and summon...
+[16.160 --> 22.080]  Okay, well maybe not this stickman, but really let's see how to turn this into something usable.
+[22.080 --> 27.520]  That's gonna make just your drawing easy, fast and useful to your growth. Let's go.
+[28.480 --> 35.200]  So we start with the concept of a stickman, but we really need proportions here and we also need
+[35.200 --> 40.320]  landmarks. We want to keep track of the hips as well as the tips of the shoulders, and we need to be
+[40.320 --> 46.320]  aware of where the joints bend. Then we can use some sticks or triangles for hands and feet.
+[46.320 --> 52.400]  So how about this? Yeah, that's a pretty good start, but it's still kind of stiff, and it doesn't
+[52.400 --> 57.600]  cover the two staples of gesture drawing, which are at weight and action. Also, I would add
+[57.600 --> 63.360]  it's fundamental to include another one, space. So we want to give this figure a sense of weight,
+[63.360 --> 71.040]  dynamism and space. And to do that, we're gonna power up the stickman with CSI.
+[74.800 --> 79.760]  No, no, no, no, we're not gonna magically enlarge the picture and add details that do not exist,
+[79.760 --> 86.240]  but we're gonna use C curves, Ascurs and Straits to turn the average Joe Stickman into
+[86.560 --> 93.200]  Stickman Tumple No. Or Stickman Pro. Or Stickman 360 if you like, although I think that's being
+[93.200 --> 101.200]  taken already. So how about this? Better. The Stickman is now balanced, but dynamically. It has a
+[101.200 --> 107.760]  sense of weight and exists in 3D space. I made the floor plain obvious by adding a cross. Also,
+[107.760 --> 112.880]  notice how I use the Cs and made basically other Ascurs out of them? This is actually how
+[112.880 --> 122.080]  muscles flow in the body rather than by making a, you know, in a way, artists call Contraposto.
+[123.520 --> 127.920]  My very Italian mom will yell at me if she hears me pronounce it like that, but anyway,
+[127.920 --> 132.640]  enough cheat chatting. Let's put this into practice so you can understand how it works on actual
+[132.640 --> 136.960]  reference. Okay, so I'm gonna start with the head, and I'm gonna use a diamond shape in this case
+[136.960 --> 139.920]  because she's looking at that direction and hopefully it's fine like whatever slots you're
+[139.920 --> 147.440]  about. Then I'm gonna do a slightly curved C or the neck. I'm gonna find the shoulders. And then
+[147.440 --> 155.040]  for the body, I'm gonna try to guess or get this, basically, an Ascurve because I want the body to
+[155.040 --> 159.760]  look like it's twisting. I'm going to accentuate ever so slightly because I don't want it to be too
+[159.760 --> 166.800]  stiff. And I'm gonna find the tip of the shoulders. I'm gonna draw my arms again trying to keep
+[166.800 --> 172.320]  everything as dynamic as possible. And as you can see, I'm not really using any straight here.
+[172.320 --> 181.200]  I'm just going with very dynamic lines. I'm gonna find the hips. And I probably want to push them
+[181.200 --> 186.960]  a little further because of the curve that I made. Then the weight bearing leg is
+[186.960 --> 193.280]  our left, which is right below the head. So I want to keep that. And I'm gonna just leave a little
+[193.280 --> 197.600]  landmark there. I'm not really concerned about measurements here, but if you want to do that,
+[197.600 --> 204.400]  it's about halfway from the bottom of the hips. So it's somewhere about there. And then I'm gonna go
+[204.400 --> 211.920]  ahead and use another Ascurve here. And maybe she's keep going. So something like that. I'm
+[211.920 --> 215.920]  gonna mark the knee. And then the other leg doesn't really have any weight. So I'm gonna use,
+[216.880 --> 222.640]  I'm gonna invent a little bit here. I'm gonna use an Ascurve for the femur or for the thigh. And then
+[222.640 --> 230.160]  go back here and a straight for the foot. And that's pretty much it. I want to exaggerate the pose
+[230.160 --> 238.720]  and make sure that I also get that floor plane with a cross. So now I have the figure planted
+[238.720 --> 243.440]  on the ground firmly. Again, don't be overly concerned with proportions of this point. This is a
+[243.440 --> 249.280]  little off. Actually, it's quite a bit off. The head is too small, but it's fine. As long as it reads
+[249.360 --> 255.200]  like that pose, it's okay. And to prove this works, I actually got pose maniacs here. And I'm
+[255.200 --> 267.840]  gonna attempt a 10 seconds pose. Please don't judge me. Oh God, I'm scared.
+[268.400 --> 280.800]  Of course, you're gonna find that this is really not enough for longer times. Like if you go up to
+[280.800 --> 286.320]  one minute, this is gonna start showing its limits. So I recommend building on top of it. For
+[286.320 --> 291.920]  example, you can start adding some volumes, like say loops around shoulders or hips to strengthen
+[292.000 --> 298.400]  the orientation, more loops around the limbs as well. Maybe you're a cage. And yeah, it's probably
+[298.400 --> 304.160]  not the best method to tackle for a shortened poses. But you could also argue that because you can see
+[304.160 --> 310.160]  through the pose. You actually have a better idea of how it behaves in pretty space. But this is
+[310.160 --> 315.440]  absolutely gonna be a game changer if you wanna tackle those very difficult poses that are like 10
+[315.440 --> 320.560]  seconds or 20 or 30. At least it was for me. And trust me, it is gonna help because you will need to
+[320.560 --> 326.240]  draw a lot of poses to improve. Speaking of, if you do want to improve, I recommend checking out
+[326.240 --> 331.760]  this other video I made where I go way more in depth on the fastest way to improve your art.
+[331.760 --> 336.480]  That's all I have for you today. Good luck and take care.

transcript/webinar_-JEpjxKCrWk.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+[0.000 --> 4.800]  every Friday and there's about, I'm gonna say around 20 different presentations so far.
+[5.440 --> 13.040]  If you take the address that's right there, the bit.re and I'll type that in and then you do ELT,
+[13.040 --> 19.840]  it is case sensitive so yes, capital I say, ELT, then you will find all the resources for all
+[19.840 --> 27.680]  the presentations and I'll be adding the recordings there as well. So then you can have all the resources
+[28.640 --> 33.680]  and you can only email me for certificate, I'm behind in the certificate but I'll get them to
+[33.680 --> 40.320]  you as a gift. So what do you think about and you can type this in the chat box when you think
+[40.320 --> 48.160]  of nonverbal communication, what is nonverbal communication? So let's see what you all know about
+[48.160 --> 55.760]  nonverbal communication. Now this is not the answers right here, this is just what nonverbal
+[55.840 --> 67.520]  communication can teach our students. And then later on we'll talk about what actually
+[67.520 --> 74.160]  complying is nonverbal communication. But these are the things that it can teach our students
+[75.200 --> 81.040]  which is really important, it can teach about cultural communication because one of the things about
+[81.040 --> 86.400]  cultural communication is that different types of countries have different suggestions that
+[86.400 --> 93.120]  have different meanings. For example, when I was in Greece, I left in Greece for a little bit with
+[93.120 --> 99.280]  Merce and confidence to need it, taking her self-support. And one of the things about this that
+[99.280 --> 104.080]  she warned me was that I couldn't have an open fit. So like for example, if I wanted to get someone
+[104.080 --> 109.840]  to high five, this would be considered quite offensive. My friend from Israel, I said, cross your
+[109.840 --> 116.160]  fingers because I said, you know, they bring good luck. And he told me quickly, no, we never
+[116.160 --> 121.760]  cross our fingers here. So different cultures have different types of communication symbols.
+[122.400 --> 129.920]  It has, it's great for relationship building. And what I mean by relationship building is that it teaches
+[129.920 --> 135.840]  your students how to develop relationships with the people around them. And this can be within
+[135.840 --> 143.120]  their context whenever they work somewhere, when they're in a business film especially.
+[143.120 --> 148.720]  This is really important for them to understand this. It can really help them adapt in their career
+[148.720 --> 154.720]  if they know about nonverbal communication. It gives them context, when anybody comes
+[155.520 --> 162.720]  in communication, a lot of it has to deal with nonverbal communication. So sometimes we can
+[163.360 --> 170.160]  tell when a person's attitude or emotions are by their body language. So for example, if I,
+[170.960 --> 178.000]  I would ask my students, if I cross my hands. And so I ask my students, okay, pretend that you are
+[178.880 --> 184.480]  locked in a different country and you need to ask somebody directions in English. Okay, so the
+[184.480 --> 193.040]  first person you see, you see their hands are crossed and they're not making eye contact
+[193.600 --> 199.200]  and they're looking down. And then the second person you see has their hands open and smile
+[199.200 --> 204.560]  that you. So which person would you be? Would you be the first person that I showed A or would you
+[204.560 --> 208.560]  ask the second person that I showed B for direction?
+[214.480 --> 226.800]  Anyway, your answers are. Now they're not universal, which is a really good question because you
+[226.800 --> 231.680]  learn about intercultural communication. But some of them are, for example, smiles.
+[233.040 --> 239.920]  Smiles reach and travel through a lot of different communication channels in countries. So
+[239.920 --> 245.520]  it's mild pretty much means in the majority of countries that the person is happy, that the
+[245.520 --> 251.280]  person is open, and that the person is nice, especially if the person makes eye contact at you
+[251.280 --> 257.520]  and smiles. Now it could also mean flirting and turning countries. You have to watch out about that.
+[257.520 --> 265.280]  But this is a good question. Hands crossed in the majority of countries do tend to mean that, you know,
+[266.240 --> 269.840]  okay, that's really interesting. So what would it mean Nina and the Ukraine?
+[272.400 --> 278.240]  And these are generalizations in many, many different countries. But see how already we're starting
+[278.240 --> 286.960]  to talk about how we're already starting to talk about different types in justice webinar right
+[286.960 --> 292.640]  here, different types of gestures and communication, non-verbal communication in countries. So
+[292.640 --> 298.480]  it really just helps you to talk about this. It's really good for proximity roles because then
+[298.480 --> 304.720]  you can understand the difference between, for example, in Biden Brazil, it tends to be a closer
+[304.720 --> 312.640]  distance that people stay. So people can stay very close to you and stand closer to you. And for
+[312.640 --> 319.360]  example, in other countries, yeah, zero distance. Or sometimes when they greet you, they'll just
+[319.360 --> 325.680]  give you a big bear hug in some cases in Brazil. But in another country, such as, for example,
+[325.680 --> 331.280]  Germany, in Germany, this wouldn't necessarily be the case. You would stand a little bit further
+[331.280 --> 337.680]  back and you would have that distance, that comfortable distance. And if you try to go closer than
+[337.680 --> 343.840]  that makes the other person really uncomfortable, it really helps for negotiation. And negotiation
+[343.920 --> 349.360]  is one of those things, not only in the business field, but that we do every single day in life.
+[349.360 --> 355.280]  For example, people we often buy things and people try to sell the things. So it really just kind
+[355.280 --> 362.480]  helps us with negotiating and seeing that we can trust someone and also how to have this kind
+[362.480 --> 370.160]  of a power place. And then it helps us build trust. It helps us to really see if this other person
+[371.040 --> 376.640]  can feel through our nonverbal communication that they can trust us. So these are some of the things
+[376.640 --> 382.480]  that your students can learn. And then this will help them not only with the language to be able
+[382.480 --> 389.680]  to determine the language of the country, but it will also help you to, it will help your students
+[389.680 --> 397.680]  to also be able to assimilate well in that country. So if your students happen to travel,
+[397.680 --> 402.800]  then your students will be able to assimilate better if they know the nonverbal cues and they
+[402.800 --> 412.320]  know how to communicate nonverbalies. So why teach? Okay, so I told you what nonverbal communication
+[412.320 --> 419.200]  can teach your students, but why would we teach this? Well, some studies say that it's 60 to 93 percent
+[419.200 --> 425.920]  nonverbal communication. That means that the majority in many, many experts, and many, many scholars
+[425.920 --> 432.640]  out there, and also many different types of articles and research support that the majority
+[432.640 --> 439.760]  of communication is nonverbal. So knowing this, it's really really important for students to be able
+[439.760 --> 446.800]  to communicate, even if it's in any language, it's very important that they know the nonverbal.
+[446.800 --> 453.520]  But you know, they say this is a myth, but even if it's a myth, ourselves we understand that nonverbal
+[453.520 --> 461.840]  is a large part of communication. So why teach nonverbal communication? Well, once again,
+[461.840 --> 469.280]  an access context please, especially if, okay, so there's two types of concepts. You may be a teacher
+[469.280 --> 476.400]  who teaches probably the majority of it in this room teach one country, okay? So everybody's
+[476.400 --> 482.080]  from the same culture or the same country, they grew up there. So many of us have these
+[483.040 --> 491.120]  these classes that are not mixed cultures or mixed background. If it did this case, then it's great
+[491.120 --> 496.560]  for you to ask your students, well, what kind of nonverbal communication you have? Because they'll
+[496.560 --> 501.200]  already have the experience. They'll already know what it's my own means in the country, what it
+[501.200 --> 507.920]  thumbs up means, what a frown means, how to introduce each other. They'll already know this.
+[508.640 --> 514.480]  But if you have students from different cultures and make it really, really interesting,
+[514.480 --> 521.120]  because then you get to compare and contrast what these different types of contexts
+[521.920 --> 528.160]  clues can mean. And this really helps them just like when we're reading literature and texts and
+[528.160 --> 534.400]  we look for these clues of what the other person is saying. Many times we can do that and we do this
+[534.400 --> 541.680]  with nonverbal communication. We just don't realize that. We do this. It improves communication.
+[541.680 --> 547.360]  If your student, if you yourself as a teacher, begin to understand the way your students
+[547.360 --> 554.680]  communicate. So for example, I'm a non- I'm a native speaker, but some of you are non-
+[554.680 --> 559.840]  native because you speak the original language of the students that you teach and that's really
+[559.840 --> 567.600]  good because you are ahead of me because I have to learn every when I travel and I teach
+[567.600 --> 573.200]  abroad and I teach different students from different countries. I have to learn their communication
+[573.200 --> 579.440]  style and set something that you already know. And so it really doesn't improve communication.
+[579.440 --> 587.440]  It opens your students to a whole entire world. Even if your students are in a monolingual situation,
+[587.440 --> 596.320]  even if they are very much able to communicate with each other, they're going to be in their
+[596.320 --> 602.160]  business field because they're learning English, they're going to interact with people around the
+[602.160 --> 608.960]  world. So it's good to even now to get them to start thinking about intercultural communication
+[608.960 --> 614.720]  and nonverbal communication cues from around the world because this will influence their communication
+[614.720 --> 621.280]  in their job. Another thing is it helps them with professional growth. If your students are able
+[621.280 --> 626.960]  to know negotiation and how to style and how to have great presentation skills because they're
+[626.960 --> 634.960]  nonverbal supports their message, then your students will be able to get in ready, will be able to
+[634.960 --> 640.880]  get advancement, will be able to sell things better than someone who doesn't know this. It improves
+[640.880 --> 646.880]  your relationship with the students. Really young students who are very shy to talk. There's a
+[646.880 --> 652.400]  certain type of nonverbal, even with beginner language students that you will use with them,
+[652.400 --> 658.640]  that you won't use with adults. For example, one of the things that I do is I kneel down at the
+[658.640 --> 665.440]  child's level when they're first meeting me and I shake their hands, but I won't grasp their hands
+[665.520 --> 671.760]  like this and shake it hard. Now with an adult, you would do that, but with a little kid, you wouldn't,
+[671.760 --> 678.400]  because you want to build that trust. So it really improves the student-teacher relationship if you
+[678.400 --> 685.280]  understand the nonverbal as well. And then it's very level. If you can communicate nonverbal
+[685.280 --> 691.840]  you can teach beginner. You can teach beginners much better than someone who doesn't understand
+[691.920 --> 700.240]  nonverbal communication. So I wanted the elements of nonverbal communication. There's much more
+[700.240 --> 706.560]  than this. Does anyone understand proxemics? Does anyone know what haptic is or paralanquists?
+[707.120 --> 714.160]  These are all parts of nonverbal communication. So you can put this inside the chat box,
+[714.160 --> 720.720]  I'd be very excited to see if anyone knows these terms. And there's more terms to, there's
+[720.720 --> 728.480]  chronomics. This is only, I think the most important part, but there's other parts as well.
+[728.480 --> 733.040]  And it goes back to something that I'm probably not pronouncing these right,
+[733.040 --> 740.160]  granny, but that you had asked earlier, whether non-communication can be void,
+[740.880 --> 747.680]  in pitch, in volume, and yes, that is considered nonverbal communication. So what would be the vocal
+[747.680 --> 757.600]  cues like pitch and the slowness or speed of voice, the pause is what would this be called?
+[758.960 --> 765.600]  Of all these words on the board, which one is it? Is it proxemic? Is it haptic? Is it parallel
+[765.840 --> 778.400]  language? It's parallel language. We call this parallel language. So those are the vocal cues,
+[778.400 --> 784.400]  these things like that. Proxthemics, this means distance, this is space, this is when you meet a
+[784.400 --> 790.800]  person for the first time, how much space should you have between you? Another one is haptic,
+[790.800 --> 800.640]  it's haptic to touch. Sometimes people, this relates mostly not just touch like it relates to
+[800.640 --> 808.800]  handshakes. For example, if you're within adults and you give them just your fingers, when you're
+[808.800 --> 816.080]  doing this, this makes them so uncomfortable and they can't trust you. But if you shake the
+[816.080 --> 822.480]  money, hands, you give a firm handshake, then they're able to trust you more. Another thing,
+[823.200 --> 831.280]  if you switch it, if you let that person have the upper hand, you just switch the palms very casually,
+[831.920 --> 837.840]  then you have made that person trust you more. This is what experts say. So these are important
+[837.840 --> 842.560]  things for your students to know, especially if they're like business English students, because
+[843.520 --> 852.000]  these little tricks will get them to do better in their business. And this will make you more
+[852.000 --> 862.160]  valuable as a teacher, posture, development, and I'm really quiet when I'm presenting and things like that.
+[863.120 --> 869.360]  I'll actually share some videos about the physical cues later that you'll be able to reference in
+[869.360 --> 876.320]  that list of links. And if I do that, many presenters do this. And what happens is that people say,
+[876.320 --> 882.080]  oh, they're not a good presenter or they're not. Or if, for example, that I don't look in the camera
+[882.080 --> 887.920]  and I look away, these people may not trust me because I can't make eye contact. But all of a sudden,
+[887.920 --> 896.480]  I put my shoulders up, I make eye contact, I open my body, my hands, and my gestures towards you,
+[896.480 --> 907.840]  I smile, I make eye contact, all of these, and I make my vocal range louder and slower and talk.
+[907.840 --> 913.600]  And all of a sudden, I'm a great presenter. You see how this really helps with presentation. And
+[913.600 --> 920.880]  your students will have to know this as well. When students are learning a language, it's very
+[920.880 --> 926.960]  important that they understand that the non-verbal communication will really impact the way people
+[926.960 --> 932.240]  understand them. So for example, many of our students even need, when I speak German, I tend to get a
+[932.240 --> 938.080]  little shy. I say sorry a lot of times. And sometimes I don't want to make eye gesture. But when I
+[938.080 --> 942.880]  I'm very confident about it and I just don't worry about the other stuff. And my body language
+[942.880 --> 949.280]  shows that I'm very comfortable and confident. And then I'm able to have longer conversations. I'm
+[949.280 --> 956.000]  able to meet people in, and I'm able to speak actually better German because it goes back and forth.
+[956.000 --> 961.520]  And many of our students will tend to be the opposite. So it really is in power in order for our students.
+[962.320 --> 967.680]  But how do we introduce this? Okay, so I'll get to the fun part, very practical part, how you can
+[967.680 --> 973.200]  actually put this in your culture. One of the things that I always do with my students is in the
+[973.200 --> 978.240]  beginning because I think non-verbal communication is very important to communication. So one of our
+[978.240 --> 986.240]  first lessons is we go to a public place. I put them in pairs and each of them observed. They
+[986.240 --> 994.720]  decided to observe any couple or anybody having a conversation. They observed just their non-verbal.
+[994.720 --> 1001.520]  So I give them a list of the non-verbal. The vocal cues, the everything that they just gave you,
+[1001.520 --> 1008.560]  the parallel language, the half-take, the proximity, just a list. And each of them writes an observation
+[1008.560 --> 1015.840]  of each of this. They say to baby, contact what they think that the person, the two people are having
+[1015.840 --> 1023.680]  a conversation about, if they're angry, if they're finding. And so each of these pairs are observing
+[1023.680 --> 1029.760]  the same conversation. It could be a group conversation. It could be whatever they think. And then they
+[1029.760 --> 1035.840]  just write it down. And then in the classroom, they compare notes and they see in both of them have
+[1035.840 --> 1042.800]  the same observations. And if they both understood what the context and what the conversation was.
+[1042.800 --> 1049.280]  So yes, if your students observe these in public places and then they share with the class. So after
+[1049.280 --> 1054.240]  they compare notes, they they share with the class. And then you'll find that many of them will actually
+[1054.800 --> 1058.960]  refine that they came up with the same types of observations, same kind of context,
+[1058.960 --> 1064.080]  please, gave them an idea of the body language. So when they do this, they begin to open their eyes,
+[1064.080 --> 1069.520]  and they begin to see how they can determine different types of conversation and stuff just by
+[1069.520 --> 1076.160]  the body language. And this is much more powerful than then reading this out of the book. If you
+[1076.160 --> 1081.920]  heard something like Catsick's or parallel language, you just see like, well, I'm not really sure
+[1082.000 --> 1088.560]  I can remember all of that. But if you if you actually apply this, and you'll be able to remember it better.
+[1089.840 --> 1094.800]  One of the fair things that you can do to show videos, there's so many fantastic videos out there
+[1095.760 --> 1103.760]  about this topic. And they're so interesting. Students really get into the videos. I'm going to show
+[1103.760 --> 1110.880]  you one of the videos that I have shared with my students. And this one is on negotiation. And this
+[1110.880 --> 1114.240]  is really good for business English students. But yeah.
+[1132.320 --> 1137.760]  Have you ever come across two people sitting together exhibiting the same physical posture,
+[1137.760 --> 1143.360]  deeply engrossed in conversation? You don't have to overhear with their saying to know that they're
+[1143.360 --> 1150.880]  in total rapport. I'm Carol Kinsey-Goman, author of the nonverbal advantage, and I'm talking about
+[1150.880 --> 1156.640]  mirroring. When a colleague mirrors your body language, it's his way of nonverbaly saying that he
+[1156.640 --> 1162.720]  likes or agrees with you. When done with intent, mirroring can be an important part of developing
+[1162.720 --> 1166.400]  business relationships and building rapport. Here's how it works.
+[1170.640 --> 1176.560]  Mirroring starts by observing a person's body posture, then subtly letting your body reflect
+[1176.560 --> 1182.960]  her position. If her hand or arm is on the table, wait four or five seconds, then place your
+[1182.960 --> 1190.320]  hand or arm there too. If she smiles or leans forward, you do the same. You can adjust your vocal
+[1190.320 --> 1196.960]  tone, volume, or rate of speech to be more like the other persons. When a person is closed off
+[1196.960 --> 1203.040]  or resistant, the easiest way to increase her comfort level is to use mirroring. Just be careful not
+[1203.040 --> 1208.560]  to mirror highly negative postures such as both arms and legs crossed or an upper body that's
+[1208.560 --> 1215.040]  turned away. In business situations, you know that you develop mutual rapport when your partner
+[1215.040 --> 1221.200]  begins to mirror you in return. Body language often reflects feelings and attitudes, so when
+[1221.200 --> 1226.640]  you're mimicking another person's posture, you actually begin to understand more about him.
+[1227.360 --> 1235.040]  And that can be the basis for real rapport. Mirroring is useful with clients, sales prospects,
+[1235.040 --> 1240.960]  customers, and co-workers. It's a silent signal that you're positively relating to the other person.
+[1241.680 --> 1250.080]  Try it out for yourself.
+[1250.080 --> 1274.800]  Hey, so did you think that you're an unpause me? Okay, so did you think, is this something that
+[1274.800 --> 1280.560]  you would be able to show your students and what they'd be interested in this? I think every time I
+[1280.560 --> 1285.920]  share this, they're really interested in this. And that's one of the things that,
+[1289.840 --> 1296.560]  back to presentation. But then there's many videos that are like this, and you can show this
+[1296.560 --> 1302.320]  with captions and you can let them play back until only two minutes. Yeah, probably with adults,
+[1302.320 --> 1309.920]  but even college students, even teenagers, because guess what they get to do after they feed this video?
+[1311.920 --> 1319.520]  Roll play, they get to try the mirroring themselves, and they need to have such a fun time,
+[1319.520 --> 1324.960]  because they both know that they're mirroring, so this is a real typical situation,
+[1325.040 --> 1331.600]  but they have such a fun time trying to mirror each other, and then they talk about this in a class.
+[1333.360 --> 1341.360]  Yeah, you can motivate teams in different ways, or not only as a building or a relationship with,
+[1341.360 --> 1349.200]  you know, a girl or a boy, but if you told teams, hey, if you mirror to your parents, you could get
+[1349.200 --> 1355.440]  stuff like, jive the cards, and sneak in and stuff, then your team ages can be really excited
+[1355.440 --> 1362.080]  about this as well to understand this kind of language. But there's different techniques like this
+[1362.080 --> 1369.520]  that they show. Even if your students disagree, this is still conversation, and then they have to
+[1369.520 --> 1375.680]  explain why they disagree. Why do they think this technique wouldn't work? And it's different
+[1375.760 --> 1380.240]  things that you would talk about when you talk about these different techniques you introduce
+[1380.240 --> 1388.800]  these nonverbal techniques. So that's just one of them, the mirroring, but there are other things
+[1388.800 --> 1396.400]  as well, and when you start to, when your students start to try these techniques, they'll see,
+[1396.400 --> 1401.040]  this is actually something they have to develop. This is something they have to practice over a long
+[1401.760 --> 1407.680]  time, which is why the next lesson with their homework is, so instead of giving them a worksheet
+[1407.680 --> 1414.320]  or anything about, oh, let's match the paralleling with the vocal team or gap or anything like that,
+[1414.320 --> 1420.560]  we don't do that. Instead, what I happen to do is I say for a week what I want you to do is keep
+[1420.560 --> 1426.960]  a journal, and I want you to try these nonverbal communication things that we talked about,
+[1427.040 --> 1434.240]  and then I want you to document the reaction from somebody who doesn't know that you're doing this,
+[1434.240 --> 1440.480]  so they change things a bit to try the mirroring, to try the smiling, to try the little hand,
+[1440.480 --> 1445.760]  the thing that I talked about, the handshake that I talked about, and then for them to write down
+[1445.760 --> 1454.000]  their experiences trying out these different types of nonverbal communication skills. So I think
+[1454.000 --> 1459.680]  this way it makes it more personalized, and then you can also see how it impacts relationships
+[1459.680 --> 1465.920]  with people around them, so for your teenagers, you could have them try this type of mirroring and see it,
+[1465.920 --> 1471.200]  maybe we didn't get their hands to give them the car in the weekend or the succeed
+[1471.200 --> 1475.520]  ceramic, and this would be a fun topic that they would enjoy talking about.
+[1476.000 --> 1484.800]  These are some of the things that I have learned when I was doing nonverbal communication,
+[1485.520 --> 1489.760]  and another thing I want to point out that I didn't put on here is that it really,
+[1489.760 --> 1496.320]  really helps your students with presentation skills as well, so if a majority of your students will
+[1496.320 --> 1501.680]  have to at some time give a presentation, whether they're going to give a presentation in class
+[1501.760 --> 1507.440]  or for the business deal and stuff, so they'll really have to understand how to control their
+[1507.440 --> 1516.000]  gestures, how to really use their hand gestures, their voice, their vocals, their timing, their
+[1516.720 --> 1522.960]  faith, and different things like this, their eye contacts, to be able to tell whether to be able
+[1522.960 --> 1529.520]  to persuade their audiences, and to be able to communicate the language. And I think at the end
+[1529.520 --> 1534.880]  of the day, when you teach a language, one of the most important things for your students,
+[1534.880 --> 1541.040]  for them, the thing you want to be able to do is they want to be able to communicate their
+[1541.040 --> 1549.520]  message to the other person that they're talking with. So the nonverbal, if it supports this,
+[1549.520 --> 1557.520]  will really, really help them to get this to reach this goal. So, does anybody have any
+[1557.520 --> 1561.440]  questions for me? You're welcome to get on the microphone and...
+[1571.440 --> 1576.560]  Okay, so I thought I think you have the mic. Let me make sure I give...
+[1577.120 --> 1580.480]  Hello? Okay. Yeah, do you hear me?
+[1580.720 --> 1590.320]  Yeah, well actually I would like to thank you there. This is a great presentation on using
+[1590.320 --> 1597.760]  another verbal inside the classroom. Well of course, I think that what I think is a verbal
+[1597.760 --> 1602.000]  nonverbal, it's a kind of communication that we need, a real communication between
+[1602.880 --> 1607.520]  a teacher and the students, but we need more focus between the students themselves because we want
+[1607.600 --> 1614.880]  to get very involved into the, I mean nonverbal communication. Well actually, I think that
+[1615.840 --> 1624.080]  nonverbal is a global thing that it's, as I said, that it's intercultural thing, but we need to focus
+[1624.080 --> 1631.520]  on the meanings of such nonverbal things like the meaning of eye contact, crossing the legs or
+[1631.600 --> 1639.760]  whatever that students should be, I mean a careful one, whether I think that sometimes we can use
+[1639.760 --> 1645.280]  it in Georgia, but we cannot use it in, maybe it means something else and maybe negative in another
+[1645.280 --> 1652.320]  country, that this is, we should, yeah, I think that we should be careful about this. I think even
+[1652.320 --> 1659.280]  though nothing the head, I mean in India, it means different things, I don't know. This is what I got
+[1659.680 --> 1665.760]  idea about, nothing the head, maybe we said, it means no, but sometimes it means yes.
+[1668.880 --> 1674.880]  Well actually, one more thing about, I want to say about nonverbal, using nonverbal and
+[1674.880 --> 1681.040]  in teaching English or whatever, I think for me, I can use it for error correction,
+[1681.680 --> 1687.440]  and this is very important for the students as a kind of feedback. So sometimes really, sometimes
+[1687.840 --> 1696.240]  I try to use my fingers to spot, to tell the students that, or sometimes I ask the students to use
+[1696.240 --> 1703.760]  their fingers to see that there is an error or mistake in the sentence, whatever it is, for example,
+[1704.320 --> 1712.400]  if I said that I live in, I live in Germany, so I need something, so I try to use four fingers
+[1712.880 --> 1718.800]  until then that I live and something missing here, so you have to say something small,
+[1718.800 --> 1724.720]  then you have to know that in, for example, Germany. So this is very important, sometimes you use
+[1724.720 --> 1735.840]  hands, movements, facial exhibitions, I think that, yeah, thanks a lot, just what I want to say,
+[1736.720 --> 1746.160]  thanks a lot, so I live the microphone.
+[1746.160 --> 1766.080]  Thank you so much, I think that's fantastic that you bought a correction because I didn't even
+[1766.080 --> 1771.040]  think of the error correction, but you're so light, because for example, they make a mistake,
+[1771.120 --> 1776.480]  well, I understand what you mean about the error correction with the finger, and then you say,
+[1776.480 --> 1786.400]  I live at, or I live on Germany, then you would use this one, so they know that that's the wrong
+[1786.400 --> 1793.440]  word and they can correct it, or in the past, so they know that it's a patent or future, so yeah,
+[1793.440 --> 1798.880]  error correction, that's fantastic, I didn't even think about that, but yeah, that's really important,
+[1799.600 --> 1805.600]  and I think you bring up a good thing about, which I think is great, that in some countries,
+[1806.400 --> 1812.880]  different types of gestures mean different things, like the nod that he says, and so this is
+[1812.880 --> 1819.280]  really important for students to start to understand, even at young ages, because that way they're
+[1819.280 --> 1825.280]  more open when they're in their, in their field, and they have to communicate with people around
+[1825.360 --> 1830.000]  the world, because this is the way the world is now, it's a very globalized world, and we have to
+[1830.000 --> 1836.000]  communicate with people around the world, and part of respect is understanding their non-verbal
+[1836.000 --> 1842.640]  communication, so if our students learn this already in our classrooms, then we really provide
+[1842.640 --> 1850.480]  them a great opportunity that we were never really taught, that how to really communicate with
+[1850.480 --> 1857.360]  the culture by respecting them non-verbally, so for example, even clothing is considered
+[1857.360 --> 1863.360]  non-verbal communication, so in some countries, I wouldn't wear something like this, I would wear,
+[1863.360 --> 1868.880]  you know, a head cover, or I'd be very respectful, and I think that, you know, non-verbal communication
+[1868.880 --> 1873.280]  will be, it's just such a great topic to be able to teach these things to our students,
+[1874.320 --> 1879.520]  and anybody else wants to say, thank you so much, Michael, for bringing that up, that's
+[1879.520 --> 1884.400]  a really great point, and when I have any techniques for you,
+[1888.240 --> 1893.280]  I think the recording that Elizabeth Ann was talking about is really a great idea,
+[1894.080 --> 1899.680]  because yes, you know, this way our students maybe we say something in an observation during
+[1899.680 --> 1905.360]  feedback, we say, well, you paste around too much, or you rock back and forth on your, on your
+[1905.360 --> 1912.720]  needs when you present, or you do, you know, when we tell them something, they don't realize it,
+[1912.720 --> 1918.480]  as much as when you see yourself in video do this, then it's like a shock, you really try to correct
+[1918.480 --> 1924.800]  things, that's a lot of ways that I learned presentation skills with, I saw myself a video and I
+[1924.800 --> 1931.120]  thought, oh no, I can't believe anybody do that, so yeah, I think that's a really great idea.
+[1931.360 --> 1935.360]  One more question.
+[1947.840 --> 1951.360]  I think that's very good point about the teachers, yes,
+[1952.080 --> 1955.760]  rather than that the teachers are disrespectful and they have no material,
+[1955.760 --> 1960.800]  one thing about teaching on verbal communication is that it really helps me to think about
+[1960.800 --> 1967.360]  my non-verbal communication with my students and things such as having a smile, I have seen
+[1967.360 --> 1973.920]  really improved the mood of my students, it makes them happier, it makes them really warm up to me,
+[1973.920 --> 1979.280]  especially teaching young learners, then there are different types of non-verbal communication skills
+[1979.280 --> 1987.040]  that I use, and it really helps with behavior problems, because when I come up to a kid and I
+[1987.600 --> 1993.600]  fit at their level, and I narrow at their level and I talk with them, maybe in some time go put
+[1993.600 --> 1999.760]  like a hand on their shoulder or something, or I can read their language, their body language,
+[1999.760 --> 2004.560]  and if they're really angry and it looks like okay I need to just leave them alone for a little while,
+[2004.560 --> 2009.920]  then that's what I'll do, but their non-verbal communication really really helps me to judge
+[2009.920 --> 2015.840]  their behavior, and I can calm them down and I don't have to do something drastic or it doesn't
+[2015.840 --> 2023.040]  escalate, but I've noticed that when I'm angry, or if I ask, really mean, or angry towards
+[2023.040 --> 2029.680]  something a student did, it escalated, it makes the situation explode, so I think that really,
+[2029.680 --> 2043.760]  really is a good point too, that's definitely, we have to see what kind of things we can do,
+[2043.760 --> 2048.960]  I know in one school I wouldn't allow to hug any of the students, I would only allow to
+[2048.960 --> 2054.720]  like pat their heads, but in another country like you said, you can't place your hands on child's heads.
+[2058.560 --> 2063.520]  Yes, I mean okay, the main concept is newborn infants can be faced without words,
+[2063.520 --> 2066.720]  and when we require a non-verbal communication that's very true.
+[2067.440 --> 2080.640]  Yeah, and fortunately there's so many rules about contacts with students, so we do have to watch out
+[2080.640 --> 2088.960]  with that, because that is something we have to be careful of. Even with proximity levels,
+[2088.960 --> 2094.800]  the space we have between our students, I think it's really important, especially if for example,
+[2095.440 --> 2102.080]  I'm a girl and I have to, those are things that I think of too, that I don't
+[2102.080 --> 2109.280]  stand too close or something, and I have to be careful with teenagers and things like that,
+[2109.280 --> 2117.520]  I do try to respect all this in, so the non-verbal communication is really helped
+[2117.600 --> 2119.280]  as a teacher as well, I think.
+[2122.160 --> 2127.280]  But thank you all so much, I'm going to go ahead and give you the bit we dare, it's for every
+[2127.280 --> 2138.080]  single resource, I'm collecting them for all the presentations.

transcript/webinar_-RSDcR8tx24.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,425 @@
+[0.000 --> 6.640]  engagement during virtual events. Today we will be not only talking about creating
+[7.440 --> 14.400]  virtual engagement in the direction and giving you some practical tips, you will also experience
+[14.400 --> 21.440]  some of those activities and techniques so you can replicate them in your very own meetings.
+[21.440 --> 28.640]  Before we dive in though, we would like to ask one more question about you. So who are you?
+[29.520 --> 35.440]  Who do you associate yourself with the best? Are you from agency, technology, event,
+[35.440 --> 41.440]  corporation or other? Once again, you can join through exactly the same way, exactly the same
+[41.440 --> 47.440]  way like for the opening poll and just let us know this case, you can pick even more options.
+[47.440 --> 51.200]  So if you are from the technology company, but still organizing events, pick two.
+[51.840 --> 58.160]  So we've got events organizers in the lead, Christina, agency as well.
+[58.240 --> 63.600]  That's a good news. I guess the highly relevant to what we are going to talk about,
+[63.600 --> 69.680]  but it's also relevant for everyone else who picked another category. So it's nice to see
+[69.680 --> 77.360]  the variety of you guys online. Perfect. So let's move on to the next one.
+[79.120 --> 84.080]  And the second question before we jump into the content, we would actually love to ask you,
+[84.080 --> 88.800]  how would you currently rate the interaction at virtual events? So you've probably by now
+[88.800 --> 95.760]  attended many virtual events or perhaps you have actually organized or hosted some of them yourself,
+[95.760 --> 101.440]  but how would you rate the interaction there? How would you rate the engagement with the attendees?
+[101.440 --> 108.320]  One, being not interactive at all and six being the very, very most interactive event you have
+[108.400 --> 116.560]  ever attended. So on average, what do you guys think from one to six, where would you put your vote?
+[118.960 --> 123.360]  So we are exactly somewhere around the middle. That's what we were expecting, right?
+[124.880 --> 130.320]  So exactly. And we can see that only 11 and 12 of you joined. We've got over 30 people on the
+[130.320 --> 136.320]  call. So once again, I'm going to repeat very quickly. You can join by scanning the QR code in the
+[136.400 --> 141.200]  left or just via the link that you're using your shirt. So thank you so much for letting us know
+[142.160 --> 148.640]  what you think about the interaction level currently. And why it's actually relevant. And nobody
+[148.640 --> 154.880]  said it better than our dear friends and also like a professional presentation coach, Nathan Goldie
+[154.880 --> 161.520]  said interaction went from nice to have to from nice to have to must have virtual events. And we
+[161.600 --> 167.200]  are actually battling with all those distractions, right? So keep attendees attention. And that's
+[167.200 --> 173.040]  exactly what we will be talking about today. My name is Yara Hover and I'm the Chief Meeting
+[173.040 --> 178.720]  Designer at Slido. And here with me is Christina. And my name is Christina Kour. And I'm the colleague
+[178.720 --> 184.560]  of Yudai working also for Slido. And I'm in charge of educating our users, our potentially users
+[184.560 --> 189.520]  about how to not only how to use Slido, but of course about how to engage and how to interact
+[189.520 --> 197.440]  in the meetings and events. And just a brief overview of what actually is ahead of us today.
+[198.080 --> 204.000]  In the first part, we are going to look at the very specific 13 ideas of how you can virtually
+[204.000 --> 210.480]  engage with your audience. And in the second part, we will want to address all of your questions.
+[210.480 --> 217.440]  So please feel free to submit these questions throughout the entire session. You can submit them
+[217.520 --> 222.560]  under Slido.com. Other of the same event with the event code event. I have also shared
+[222.560 --> 228.640]  directly in the chat as well. So please feel free to submit those questions. And we will get to
+[228.640 --> 234.000]  submit the very end. If you are brave enough, you can of course also unmute yourself and ask a
+[234.000 --> 241.840]  question. And yourself will be only happy to answer that as well. Perfect. Thank you so much, Christina.
+[241.840 --> 251.040]  And let's just dive straight into it. And the first tip I would have for you is potentially a
+[251.040 --> 257.840]  little bit counterinted. But let me tell you why it's important to invite our co-facilitator
+[257.840 --> 262.480]  when you are hosting an online event, webinar, or just an online presentation.
+[263.440 --> 268.880]  Leading up to this event, I was really thinking that I'm going to deliver this presentation
+[268.880 --> 274.080]  by myself. But as we were drawing near to the date, I started thinking like, no, no, no, this
+[274.080 --> 280.240]  doesn't really feel right. I need somebody right next to me to basically deliver this talk. And the
+[280.240 --> 287.920]  reasons are a few of the, there are a few reasons why to do that. The first thing that co-facilitator
+[287.920 --> 295.680]  can really help you deliver a more delivered content in a more engaging way. You can sweat,
+[295.680 --> 300.400]  you can deliver it in a tandem. And that's why I invited my awesome colleague Christina to help
+[300.400 --> 307.280]  me with that. But also a great facilitator or a co-facilitator can also help you monitor the chat,
+[307.280 --> 312.960]  answer any questions, activate the post, and do all the troubleshooting that is really needed. So
+[312.960 --> 319.920]  you as a presenter can also focus on the delivery. And the third part is when you move to the Q&A
+[320.000 --> 326.880]  section. Instead of just reading out the questions yourself, you can really have one person act
+[326.880 --> 334.080]  like a moderator and emanate a dialogue which otherwise would be a monotonyist, delivery,
+[334.080 --> 340.960]  a non-physineous broadcast. So the first step actually before you even start with engaging people
+[340.960 --> 347.360]  is that you need a side pick, you need somebody to have right next to you. So the first step would be
+[347.360 --> 353.440]  really invite a facilitator who will help you to deliver that engaging content. Christina, over to you.
+[355.040 --> 359.920]  And if you really want to deliver that engaging content and you want to actually interact with
+[359.920 --> 366.000]  your online audience, it's always great to start from the beginning. So you really need to make
+[366.000 --> 370.800]  sure that you start with this engagement activity at the very very beginning of your event. Just
+[370.800 --> 375.360]  like we did today before, some of you even joined it, we've asked you this very same question of
+[375.360 --> 380.240]  where are you joining us from. It's a very simple question. But if you interact from the very
+[380.240 --> 385.120]  beginning, you are actually setting that expectation from your audience. So you are really expecting
+[385.120 --> 389.920]  from them to interact. And this is a clear sign for them that they are not just there to passively
+[389.920 --> 395.840]  listen to and observe your content, but they are actually expected to interact with you throughout
+[395.840 --> 402.320]  the entire thing. You don't need to use any serious kind of ice breakers. You can always use
+[402.320 --> 408.640]  humor or anything very light. So you actually put those participants in a very nice relaxed mood
+[408.640 --> 415.840]  and that way they will also be then more likely to share later on their insights and their opinions.
+[415.840 --> 421.600]  So this is a really important part of the meeting or event, the very very beginning and the
+[421.600 --> 428.320]  engagement taking place at the very beginning. You're over to you. Yes, thank you indeed.
+[429.120 --> 435.280]  This is a tip that we learned from our colleagues as they were running the virtual training.
+[435.280 --> 441.040]  And at the start, it's also good to set some kind of a ground rules, especially if you have a
+[441.040 --> 447.760]  smaller training or a smaller meeting. And being in a virtual environment, it sort of hinders this
+[447.760 --> 452.880]  kind of a spontaneous reaction, right? We like on the physical feedback, we can't see the gestures,
+[452.880 --> 459.520]  we can't really read the facial expressions. So think about or consider agreeing on the virtual
+[459.520 --> 466.000]  gestures or on the gestures that would improve that communication during the meeting. Again, over
+[466.000 --> 472.480]  here from our internal training at the very start, my colleague said, all right, so folks, if you
+[472.480 --> 478.240]  agree with me, I want you all to show a thumb up into your camera. I need that feedback from you.
+[478.240 --> 483.440]  So we agreed that yes, all right, if he asks us any question, we're going to show him a thumb up.
+[483.440 --> 489.440]  We are not really sure. We're just going to use a sideways thumb up meaning like, I still have a
+[489.440 --> 495.840]  question, I'm not really sure about that. Or if we strongly disagree or if we have any further
+[495.840 --> 502.320]  like concerns, we should show a thumb down. It brings us kind of a physical element to the
+[502.320 --> 508.640]  meeting and it's really refreshing not to just rely on the virtual engagement. Obviously,
+[508.640 --> 513.840]  you can do these things to zoom and they are absolutely brilliant, but you can also agree on
+[513.840 --> 517.920]  that kind of a physical gesture. And you can come up with other ones. If you celebrate something,
+[517.920 --> 523.120]  we usually show this kind of a gesture like in the big three shape, or if we want to share an
+[523.120 --> 528.000]  affection, just show our heart into the camera. So there are a lot of ways how to really bring that
+[528.560 --> 534.720]  how to bring those physical gestures to the online meeting. So, play around with those, they always
+[534.720 --> 541.600]  were great. So let's imagine our event is already robling. And what we really want is not just to
+[541.600 --> 546.080]  engage with the people on some kind of superficial level, just asking people where they are
+[546.080 --> 550.640]  journeying from, but we really want to engage with their brains. So we really want them to actually
+[550.640 --> 556.720]  actively engage with our content that we are presenting. So we have been inspired by
+[556.800 --> 563.440]  but yet by yet, yet, yet, in their mouth here. And we have seen a great example of power posting.
+[563.440 --> 570.080]  Now, what does that mean is basically you think about the topic you are going to talk about in your
+[570.080 --> 575.840]  session, in your webinar, or in your presentation. And you think of a question or an assignment that
+[575.840 --> 581.760]  you can give to your audience. They then go online and they research something in a very short
+[581.760 --> 586.720]  amount of time. They come back to either the chat or any kind of platform that you're using.
+[586.720 --> 592.080]  And they simply post some kind of answer that you have an answer to the question you have given
+[592.080 --> 597.440]  them. This is called power posting. And instead of talking about it, I really want to give you an
+[597.440 --> 604.560]  example of it. So what I would now love to ask you is the following. Please, all of you also try to
+[604.560 --> 612.880]  go online, open any browser and try to research the answer to the question of what is the average
+[612.880 --> 620.240]  human span, human attention span? We are talking about the engagement, about how to stay focused
+[620.240 --> 626.400]  and so on. So we really would like to know what is the average human attention span? So you can open
+[626.400 --> 631.840]  the internet, your internet browser and just simply type in and I am really curious to know
+[631.920 --> 637.840]  what you come up with. Once you have come up with your answer, please post it in the slide of
+[637.840 --> 645.040]  event, not in the chat. Just go to the slide.com event code event text. I have warned you will be
+[645.040 --> 651.120]  using a lot of questions of posts. So if you haven't logged in there yet, please do so. And we are
+[651.120 --> 660.000]  already getting some of the answers eight seconds, right? So four of you have already got eight seconds
+[660.000 --> 668.160]  according to study by Microsoft. Five seconds. All right, five seconds, all right. I'm wondering.
+[669.760 --> 676.160]  So this is one way of really starting you to really think about and activating the brain cells
+[676.160 --> 683.200]  on the topic of human attention span engagement, focus attention and so on. Some people are also
+[683.200 --> 688.640]  posting questions in the chat. It's okay, but please also post them in sliders so we actually
+[688.720 --> 695.920]  can nicely see them in one overview slide. And Christina, I think the attention span is even
+[695.920 --> 703.920]  decreasing. We dropped as little as two seconds. Two seconds. Oh wow, that is a surprise to me as well.
+[705.200 --> 713.520]  But you are right. There are so many research studies on the topic and according to those studies,
+[713.520 --> 720.320]  it really varies from as short as we can see two seconds to actually up to 20 or 30 minutes even.
+[720.320 --> 726.960]  So really the the opinion on the topic varies, but it has already engaged you with the content.
+[726.960 --> 733.280]  And what I wanted to say with this is that our human attention span is short and do we do need to
+[733.280 --> 739.040]  engage? But what is actually a fact is that the human attention span in the online environment is
+[739.040 --> 745.520]  even shorter than in the life physical space. And that's why we really recommend from our own
+[745.520 --> 750.080]  experience. We've been running lots of online events and online webinars that you really need to
+[750.080 --> 756.240]  make sure that you engage your audience every five to seven minutes. Now if you structure your
+[756.240 --> 762.560]  content around these engagement activities every five to seven minutes, you have it nicely structured
+[762.800 --> 770.960]  chunks and you can really nicely present it. And also that way you can just make sure that it's
+[771.520 --> 777.360]  really digestible for your participant and it's in bite-sized pieces. And one extra tip just to add
+[777.360 --> 783.520]  here to make sure you avoid the so-called death by PowerPoint that you only present one idea for
+[783.520 --> 789.040]  slides. So don't overwhelm your audience with lots of great ideas and great points in one slide.
+[789.040 --> 791.920]  Make sure you stick to only one idea for slide.
+[793.040 --> 799.360]  Cool. Thank you so much, Christina. Moving on. And definitely one of the ways how to engage
+[800.240 --> 806.640]  people repeatedly every five to seven minutes is through the life balls. And this is what we have been
+[806.640 --> 813.920]  doing so far quite extensively. Because especially at a large meeting at a large conference where
+[813.920 --> 819.200]  people don't have their camera zone, from the speaker's perspective it truly feels like speaking
+[819.200 --> 825.760]  to the kid. Like you are not getting any feedback. And relying on the technology, whether it's like
+[825.760 --> 833.280]  false or chat, is really the only way how to get that instant basically feedback from the audience.
+[833.280 --> 839.440]  And here are some cool examples from the virtual events that we worked with. And this is from the
+[839.440 --> 848.400]  NHS, the Agency National Health Service. Thank you. Thank you so much. It slipped my tongue.
+[848.400 --> 854.320]  So yes, exactly. So they organized a virtual event and take a look at that question. It was really
+[854.320 --> 860.640]  a thought provoking ball. It was COVID-19 engineered. And as you can see there were over 120
+[861.440 --> 868.640]  responses. And 14% said yes, whether they truly believed it or not. That's really hard to say,
+[868.640 --> 874.160]  but it definitely sparked some interaction and it naturally draws people into the conversation that
+[874.160 --> 880.160]  you're having or into the content. So this is a really cool way how to bring people basically come
+[880.160 --> 887.200]  come again, especially if you ask a question with the polarizing answers. Another one, which we really
+[887.200 --> 892.160]  like using and you had a chance to experience it at the start is the word cloud, right? It helps you
+[892.160 --> 897.200]  to learn what the audience thinks, crops or those ideas. And you can see over here from a narrow
+[897.200 --> 903.440]  event that we worked with, you're active. They were asking really timely, basically question.
+[903.440 --> 909.520]  If there were if there were a Marshall Plan for Europe, which sector should you be focused on?
+[909.520 --> 915.680]  And as you can see, you've got a range of diverse opinion. And that's very difficult to collect
+[915.680 --> 921.520]  in any other way. But for you as a speaker or a panelist, it is really a powerful
+[921.600 --> 927.280]  powerful information to build your speech on earth, at least to comment on. And the last thing,
+[928.800 --> 935.440]  events or meetings are also run to celebrate people, to bring them together and just to celebrate
+[935.440 --> 941.760]  them, those who went an extra mile, those deserve the credit. And this is an activity that we do
+[941.760 --> 948.320]  at every single one of our all-hands meetings. So our CEO, Peter, he promised the whole team to
+[948.320 --> 955.920]  submit the name of one silent hero of a colleague who went an extra mile. And in this way, we're
+[955.920 --> 962.160]  able to celebrate all those people who's worked with Go Completely Unnoticed. And it's not only
+[962.160 --> 968.000]  about that one person who actually wins, it's about all those silent heroes there over there
+[968.000 --> 973.120]  on the screen. And it's a really strong and bonding experience with your organizing
+[973.200 --> 980.320]  and all-hands meeting or a conference for your association or with your community. So those were
+[980.320 --> 985.520]  your few tips, how to use like both to drive more engagement, Christina over to you.
+[986.400 --> 992.960]  And another great way how you can actually interact and get the interaction from your participants
+[992.960 --> 999.120]  is to divide them into smaller groups. For example, today we are using Zoom meetings and then
+[999.120 --> 1005.440]  in Zoom it's actually very simple to use the breakout rooms. But this is possible using other
+[1005.440 --> 1010.560]  video conferencing platforms as well. So this is not limited to Zoom only. But what you
+[1011.600 --> 1017.600]  simply do is you divide your attendees into smaller groups and breakout sessions. And that way
+[1017.600 --> 1022.240]  you really allow them to get more comfortable. If they are in smaller groups, they will really be
+[1022.240 --> 1027.200]  more likely to share some of their insights, some of their stories. And then the quality of the
+[1027.200 --> 1034.960]  interaction is even higher. The kind of amount of people we recommend for you to use in one
+[1034.960 --> 1039.840]  breakout room is about five to six people. Then it works really great and people get that
+[1042.160 --> 1048.160]  energy and get the sense of really wanting to share. So please, if you haven't used it before,
+[1048.160 --> 1053.840]  try to use breakout rooms and you will really see how that really works magic. It's a great tip
+[1053.840 --> 1059.200]  also for trying to network, to do some kind of networking and virtual events because this is also
+[1059.200 --> 1066.000]  something we a lot of struggle with and these corona times. So if you actually divide your attendees
+[1066.000 --> 1070.960]  into smaller groups, they will then be more likely to network to get to know each other because
+[1070.960 --> 1077.760]  they will just be in a smaller, smaller group. So another tip there for you. Yes indeed. Physical
+[1077.760 --> 1083.280]  activity. One we think that it's really impossible to do something physical when we join the virtual
+[1083.280 --> 1092.400]  environment. Again, we were proven wrong. It is possible if you just facilitate it well. Usually
+[1092.400 --> 1096.880]  this works better with a smaller group of people and we've got almost 50 people in this course,
+[1096.880 --> 1104.000]  we are going to try it with you. And how it works is that don't be afraid to give people a small
+[1104.000 --> 1109.920]  assignment that involves the movement, whether it's around your apartment or somewhere even out
+[1109.920 --> 1114.240]  and give them something to think about. And this is something what we learned from Yaniap,
+[1114.240 --> 1120.640]  the facilitation basically expert and we're really well. And again, instead of just talking about
+[1120.640 --> 1128.880]  it, we would like you to do the following. In the next two minutes, we want you to stand up and leave
+[1128.880 --> 1135.600]  your computer and just walk around your apartment. In the meantime, you can just grab a glass of
+[1135.600 --> 1142.560]  water or just refill your cup with a coffee, but just walk around. And while you'll be doing that,
+[1142.560 --> 1147.680]  look for one thing in your apartment or in your office, wherever you are joining from,
+[1148.240 --> 1154.720]  that you truly find inspiring and you would like to bring to your live events.
+[1156.000 --> 1162.400]  So once again, it can be a noise cancelling headphones because they work great to eliminate the
+[1162.400 --> 1170.240]  noise. It can be your plants to bring more life to the conference rooms or it can be a gourmet coffee
+[1170.240 --> 1177.200]  that you boil every single day. So it's really up to you. And I'm going to start actually a timer
+[1177.200 --> 1183.840]  over here that will just hit the gong after the two minutes. And once you hear the gong,
+[1183.840 --> 1191.600]  please come back. All right? So I'm going to hit start and please leave your computer and just walk
+[1191.600 --> 1196.240]  around your apartment and look for that one thing that you would like to bring to your events and
+[1196.240 --> 1205.760]  recreate them. So the time is now. Can I do this well? Yes, let's do it. So we really walk this off.
+[1221.600 --> 1245.040]  Perfect. I already brought something along with me. Hopefully you too, Christina. Of course I
+[1245.840 --> 1250.720]  do. Do you want to show it already? Yes, we can wait for the others like maybe two minutes was,
+[1250.720 --> 1256.880]  but it's okay. We are midway through. So let's have a short break in between. Welcome to our
+[1256.880 --> 1267.920]  working around. We're filling their cups. And we are going to in the meantime, I'm going to move
+[1268.720 --> 1273.440]  to the next slide. If you are back at your screens, please go back to slide. I'm post,
+[1274.000 --> 1280.320]  post that one thing. All right? So again, for those of you who joined us a bit later, just can
+[1280.320 --> 1285.920]  the code. And let us know what is the one thing that you would like to bring to your
+[1286.640 --> 1293.040]  to your events once we get back to the normal. And I'm going to back to the timer.
+[1294.080 --> 1302.320]  We have 20 more seconds. And once the gong hit the ring, we're going to ask you that.
+[1304.400 --> 1310.080]  This is actually a really cool thing. This timer. You can probably hear the sound.
+[1313.120 --> 1325.520]  Five, four, three, two, one. Perfect. So we heard the gong. And yeah, so let's take a look. Perfect.
+[1325.520 --> 1330.560]  We have good coffee, beautifully smelling candle. I love it. I have one just right over here.
+[1331.520 --> 1338.560]  As you can see. So I totally, I love that thing. Cozines, agree. My glasses. That might be useful.
+[1339.360 --> 1342.880]  What about the others? We have almost 50 people inspiring art. Love it.
+[1343.840 --> 1349.200]  I brought an apple. But this is a high quality apple. And this is something I missed
+[1349.200 --> 1354.800]  and going to events. There is normally not good quality for it. So I would really bring that
+[1355.200 --> 1361.520]  to the conference or to something I would attend. Cool. Penny's balls. I would absolutely love to know why.
+[1363.200 --> 1368.560]  That is balls. That's very enough. Good snacks. Agree. It helps to reduce stress.
+[1368.560 --> 1372.080]  Right? Perhaps you are playing with a tennis ball. Maybe. I think so.
+[1372.080 --> 1378.480]  It's my guess. Go for sure. Yes. Yes. Yes. Indeed. They can really self-save. My pajamas.
+[1379.040 --> 1385.280]  All right. Very enough. Cool. Well, what I actually brought along, it's I would love to,
+[1385.280 --> 1393.600]  let me just see. It's a plant. I would love to see more plants in fact in the
+[1393.600 --> 1398.320]  in the meeting rooms in general. Like they're very often sterile and really just plants,
+[1398.320 --> 1403.920]  they bring some some more life and and and just make it more much more cozier as somebody.
+[1403.920 --> 1408.880]  Somebody said, my couch agree. Like seating can be painful in the in the meeting rooms.
+[1408.880 --> 1414.480]  Music as well, totally. And we've got some people I believe posting also in the chat. So let's
+[1414.480 --> 1422.400]  take a look over there. Lots of interesting games with tennis balls. Thanks so much Adam for
+[1422.400 --> 1429.200]  expanding on that. Let's count. Yes indeed. Let's count as well. We have seen at a couple of
+[1429.200 --> 1436.080]  conferences that they had a corner with pets with with puppies that people were able to pet
+[1436.080 --> 1441.040]  and just to play around to decrease the stress. So hopefully it was decreasing the stress for
+[1441.040 --> 1446.640]  the pets as well. But yeah, there's been there's been some pets as well. Thank you so much. So again,
+[1446.640 --> 1452.720]  please take this as an experiment, right? But it is possible to bring some kind of a physical
+[1452.720 --> 1457.360]  activity even to the virtual meetings and the conferences and especially with your team,
+[1458.240 --> 1463.360]  you know, where the the atmosphere is a little bit more casual. This works like a great icebreaker
+[1463.360 --> 1470.080]  at the start of it. So thanks so much. All of you for folks think. And let's move on. One of the
+[1470.080 --> 1476.560]  questions in fact from the chat was what a timer was at and we absolutely love it. It's called
+[1476.560 --> 1482.720]  big timer in the top left corner. You can see you can see the link. You can set the time limit
+[1482.720 --> 1488.960]  over there. It's got pretty visuals that's kind of an effect of a blinking and decreasing basically
+[1488.960 --> 1495.200]  time with the with the gong at the end. So it's called the big timer that would be a tip number
+[1495.200 --> 1502.080]  nine from our sites. Bricks great also for breakout rooms, breakout room sessions or even for the
+[1502.080 --> 1508.000]  breaks in general. Like as people are still on the call, you can see the timer over there. 30 minute
+[1508.000 --> 1514.080]  break rooms, 2015, then, etc. All right. Talking about the tools, Christine, I'll work to you.
+[1514.640 --> 1520.560]  Especially talking about the fun tools to make your event even more fun and more engaging.
+[1520.560 --> 1525.200]  So I'm sure you have come across a situation when you ask the question and you want to
+[1525.200 --> 1529.600]  volunteer to answer the question. And then there was this awkward silence, no one would raise the
+[1529.600 --> 1534.480]  hand. Everyone would basically have their camera turned off just so that they don't need to answer
+[1534.640 --> 1540.560]  the question. One way how to do with that is actually to use this great tool, the Wheel of Names,
+[1540.560 --> 1545.440]  which you guys going to demonstrate to you in a second. And the way it works very simply,
+[1545.440 --> 1552.960]  you basically type in the names of your attendees. You first ask the question and then you spin the wheel.
+[1553.680 --> 1559.840]  So you can now spin the wheel. And in this time, people can already think about the answer. They
+[1560.000 --> 1564.800]  are what they are going to. How they're going to react to your question. And we see, okay, Beatrice is
+[1564.800 --> 1570.640]  going to be the lucky one who is going to answer this question. So this is again a nice way how to
+[1570.640 --> 1576.320]  bring some kind of fun elements to your to your event, but at the same time also give people
+[1576.320 --> 1581.520]  enough time to think about the answers and actually get ready. So they're not just put in a spotlight
+[1581.520 --> 1588.000]  adhog and without no time for preparation. So here you can in the lower left corner, you can also see
+[1588.160 --> 1593.760]  the link to that tool. It's free and I really recommend using it. It's just a great way to impress your
+[1593.760 --> 1600.960]  audience. Cool. And talking about the different tools and fun, another way how to bring more fun to
+[1600.960 --> 1607.200]  your meetings is around a virtual pop quiz. It can be a part of the session or it can be a standalone
+[1607.200 --> 1612.960]  session on its own. And over here, this is actually political, right? A really serious magazine.
+[1613.040 --> 1620.160]  And in order to engage their readers, they ran a standalone virtual pop quiz session about the
+[1620.160 --> 1626.880]  European Union and about the politics. So you can integrate this into your agenda. You can
+[1626.880 --> 1633.440]  you can organize this with your team just to basically unwind. And it's a really fun way how to
+[1633.440 --> 1640.160]  bring that engagement up. Also, this is a really cool way how to deliver some serious stats and
+[1640.160 --> 1646.080]  numbers. We also use it during our own hands meetings to deliver, let's say quarterly stats, how much
+[1646.080 --> 1652.880]  revenue did we make, how many customers do we have, what are our retention numbers. So this is
+[1652.880 --> 1658.080]  actually of a, this could be of a great use also to deliver, as I said, some kind of a numbers,
+[1658.080 --> 1664.000]  which are boss or yourself if you are a team lead or just organize a fun session as part of your
+[1664.000 --> 1670.000]  virtual event. So definitely, definitely recommend considering a virtual pop quiz. You can
+[1670.000 --> 1674.480]  run it through SIDO or you can run it through many other platforms basically that are there.
+[1675.840 --> 1683.040]  We'll be going. One great advantage about running life event in physical space with physical people
+[1683.040 --> 1688.880]  in that one room is that you can actually come and approach the speaker ride after they finished
+[1688.880 --> 1693.520]  talking. Now, this is something you cannot do in an online event. And that's why it's super
+[1693.520 --> 1699.840]  important that you dedicate even the longer time to the Q and A part of your session. So really,
+[1699.920 --> 1705.520]  we have seen this being extremely popular and even in our all-hands internal meetings,
+[1705.520 --> 1712.560]  we now dedicate about 25 or 30 minutes of an hour and 30-minute meeting just to the Q and A part
+[1712.560 --> 1717.360]  because really this is such an important and crucial part to address the questions of the
+[1717.360 --> 1723.200]  online attendees. And I have three additional tips when it comes to the Q and A part of your
+[1723.200 --> 1729.760]  meeting. The first one being that you can actually start collecting the questions for this part
+[1729.760 --> 1735.920]  before the event even starts. That way, the attendees will have enough time to think about the
+[1735.920 --> 1740.800]  questions. So the quality of the questions being asked will be much higher. And at the same time,
+[1740.800 --> 1745.520]  the speakers addressing those questions will have more time to prepare for the answers. So even the
+[1745.520 --> 1752.160]  quality of the answers will be much higher as well. The second tip when it comes to running the Q and A
+[1752.160 --> 1758.880]  part of your session is that you can let your audience up for the questions. So today, we are using
+[1758.880 --> 1763.920]  Slido, of course, because we are from Slido. So a great feature or great advantage of using that
+[1763.920 --> 1768.800]  is that you can actually like the questions from other participants that you like. And that way,
+[1768.800 --> 1773.840]  at the end, we will only address the most burning, the most relevant questions, the majority of the
+[1773.840 --> 1778.880]  audience. So this is really a nice way how to crowdsource the best questions. And the third tip,
+[1779.680 --> 1786.320]  I have, when it comes to running the Q and A is to really have that facilitator. So the two of us
+[1786.320 --> 1793.840]  today here are there because we also want to lead the Q and A part as a natural conversation between
+[1793.840 --> 1800.240]  two people. And this is what having a facilitator allows you to do. So those are the three additional
+[1800.240 --> 1805.760]  tips when it comes to running the Q and A. And you and I over to you to the last tip of today.
+[1805.920 --> 1813.840]  Exactly. And so the last tip would be you can, when you want to wrap up really your meeting or your
+[1813.840 --> 1820.480]  event, there's not a better way, more team building way as as as taking a group photo just to wrap
+[1820.480 --> 1825.120]  up the whole thing, right? We do it in a live events and in the in the virtual events, even,
+[1825.120 --> 1831.920]  it's even simpler, right? Because everybody's on the camera. So you can really elevate on that.
+[1832.000 --> 1838.400]  You can really use that fact to create those beautiful pictures of everybody being on the call.
+[1839.040 --> 1845.760]  And even, even taking the one step further, right? Over here, we even broke one word to wrap up
+[1846.640 --> 1851.200]  the workshop that we've participated in. Or you can ask people to write something on a piece of
+[1851.200 --> 1856.400]  paper and show it to the camera, right? Or coming back to the virtual gestures show some kind of
+[1856.400 --> 1862.640]  a gesture and then take a picture of that. It's a great way then how to, it's a great material to
+[1862.640 --> 1869.280]  post with your community afterwards or just share on your social media and show how the event basically
+[1869.280 --> 1876.640]  went down. So the group photo would be definitely the last tip and as we are drawing here,
+[1876.640 --> 1880.800]  my question would be would you like to actually try that? But who would have to turn the camera's on
+[1880.880 --> 1889.040]  over here? So if you could, let's actually try that. I will go, I will go to the zoom
+[1889.040 --> 1894.560]  meaning. So let's please turn your cameras on. I can see the thumbs up. Perfect. So
+[1895.120 --> 1900.880]  you don't have makeup on it's absolutely fine. That's totally okay. So please turn your cameras and
+[1900.880 --> 1907.760]  we're going to take one group photo together. I'm just going to take a screenshot. So all of us who
+[1907.760 --> 1916.400]  joined this, I love the virtual background Patrick with the Star Wars character. That's amazing.
+[1916.400 --> 1922.400]  Cool. I love it. This is so great. By the way, virtual backgrounds as you can see, I'm joining
+[1922.400 --> 1928.480]  from the from the from the moon. That's also a fun way how to bring more engagement and
+[1928.480 --> 1932.880]  interaction through your meetings. So we've got people turning on their cameras. Let me take a
+[1932.960 --> 1939.840]  screenshot. You will hear the shutter probably. So thank you so much all who are joining us right now
+[1939.840 --> 1949.520]  and perfect. Let's take one more and let's take one more and one more. Perfect. Thank you so much.
+[1949.520 --> 1958.080]  This is so cool. And as this was as this was basically the last, the last step we are going to move
+[1958.720 --> 1964.240]  to the Q&A session over here. And we've got already some questions in. Now we would like to give
+[1964.240 --> 1970.320]  you a few moments to review those questions over here through SIDO. They're also on the screen. And
+[1970.320 --> 1976.320]  as Cristina mentioned, you can upload them. So we are going to start with the with the with the
+[1976.320 --> 1983.680]  most popular one submitted submitted by Sam, which is which is fantastic that you put your name
+[1984.320 --> 1990.000]  to it. Sam, thank you so much for asking. And Cristina, over to you, should business invest in
+[1990.000 --> 1997.680]  a standalone virtual platform or use zoom in combination with a really strong solution or aggregated
+[1997.680 --> 2004.480]  data collection? Thank you, Sam, for this question. This is a very valid question. And maybe I wouldn't
+[2004.480 --> 2010.880]  put myself in the role of an expert for video conferencing platforms. I can only speak from
+[2011.440 --> 2017.040]  our own experience as SIDO. We have been using zoom for a very long time and we haven't had any
+[2017.040 --> 2022.880]  problem with it at all. I know there have been some talks about security and other things when
+[2022.880 --> 2028.720]  it comes to zoom specifically, but from our own experience, we have been using zoom and it's
+[2028.720 --> 2034.240]  worked just great. Whether business is should invest in a standalone virtual event platform,
+[2035.200 --> 2042.400]  I leave this totally up to you to decide because this is really not my place to judge. Would you
+[2042.400 --> 2050.000]  like to add something to that? Of course, it all depends on the format. So some virtual events
+[2050.000 --> 2056.080]  they are run from a single place from a virtual studio where you need to have a really solid
+[2056.720 --> 2063.760]  live streaming solution and the setup on the backstage looks almost at the live event. So in
+[2063.760 --> 2069.280]  that case, you might consider using a different platform to bring it all together. Your live stream,
+[2069.280 --> 2075.200]  your interactive element and let's say banners with sponsors. This is, for instance, what financial
+[2075.200 --> 2080.160]  times did with their global boardroom event where they brought together like a hundred thousand
+[2081.200 --> 2086.800]  participants. So it largely depends on what you want to achieve, but zoom is definitely a great
+[2086.800 --> 2093.600]  place where to host most of these events, especially if they are up to 200. I would use
+[2093.600 --> 2102.080]  zoom meetings, zoom webinars, they can go to 2,000 people. So just to your question Sam, I would
+[2102.080 --> 2109.040]  go like this. And actually following up on that question, a similar question from an anonymous
+[2109.040 --> 2114.720]  person, do you think businesses are panicking and burning money on temporary solutions to go virtual
+[2114.720 --> 2122.640]  while they should be focusing on hybrid solutions for the next year? Again, this is a super valid
+[2122.640 --> 2131.520]  question. And we hosted, actually, we worked with the GMID goes virtual event, which brought together
+[2131.520 --> 2138.480]  almost 13,000 events professionals. And the last poll that we ran was exactly about the future of
+[2138.480 --> 2145.280]  events industry. And overwhelming majority, I think it was 60 or 70 plus percent of people said
+[2145.280 --> 2150.880]  that the future will be hybrid. So coming back to your question, I think it would be absolutely
+[2150.880 --> 2157.200]  ideal to start looking for a solution that you will be able to use in the future as well as part
+[2157.200 --> 2163.120]  of your hybrid events, because the virtual element is definitely here to stay. It proved that you
+[2163.120 --> 2170.000]  can reach a much wider audience at a fraction of the cost. So I think you can kill two birds with
+[2170.000 --> 2174.720]  one stone if you look for a solution that will support your hybrid events in the future.
+[2175.200 --> 2181.840]  Talking about the platforms, Christina, one question for you. The anonymous is asking, what platform
+[2181.840 --> 2187.920]  do you use to host virtual events? As I've already mentioned in the while I'll ask you the first
+[2187.920 --> 2193.280]  question, we at SLIDE, we actually use Zoom to host our events. We use the combination. So
+[2194.000 --> 2201.520]  when we are running an external event, I run weekly webinars and I always use Zoom webinar,
+[2201.520 --> 2209.440]  but I actually combine with a slider integration. So the attendees actually join using a slider link
+[2209.440 --> 2217.120]  and the Zoom webinar video is integrated directly into it. So this is what we have been using
+[2217.120 --> 2223.200]  for quite some time now. I hope I answered the question. And you're right over to you. How do you
+[2223.200 --> 2230.720]  think event stuff can be incorporated into virtual events? Again, great, great question.
+[2230.800 --> 2236.320]  Event stuff that's a rather general term. So I don't know whether we're talking about the volunteers
+[2236.320 --> 2244.080]  or AB tech people or anybody else who is involved, but my answer and I'm coming back to the tip number
+[2244.080 --> 2249.040]  one. If you're running virtual events, you need an extra pair of hands, sometimes even two or
+[2249.040 --> 2256.640]  three or four pairs of hands to really pull it off. No matter what the size is, I would always
+[2256.640 --> 2263.280]  welcome or invite a colleague to help you. So that would be the first way how to bring
+[2263.280 --> 2269.280]  another people on board. Then the second thing, if you've got a more elaborate setup, you really need
+[2269.280 --> 2275.200]  the technical support. And as I mentioned in my previous answer, some events, they have incredible
+[2275.200 --> 2280.480]  production. So that's an other way how to incorporate basically event stuff. Again, then we've
+[2280.480 --> 2285.840]  got the moderators. Moderator, even in the virtual setting is of a crucial, it's got a crucial
+[2285.840 --> 2291.920]  importance. So there are many ways how to bring people together and make them a part of the virtual
+[2291.920 --> 2301.200]  event. Kristina, the question about the sliding, I think it's a slide on questions. So are the
+[2301.200 --> 2306.720]  slide on questions and comments anonymous? So this is totally up to you. You as a participant can
+[2306.720 --> 2313.120]  decide whether you post your question anonymously, just like you did right now, it says anonymous,
+[2313.120 --> 2319.440]  or you went the way like A, B and Adam who actually put their names down. This is totally up to you.
+[2319.440 --> 2326.960]  When it comes to the votes that you voted in post, these are anonymous as well, unless you actually
+[2326.960 --> 2333.920]  put your unit in time. This is how it works. And following up to the next question from Amy,
+[2333.920 --> 2339.200]  what are some of the best ways to use virtual engagement to complement other business output,
+[2339.200 --> 2348.320]  such as website, published content and so on? Okay, I'm just like thinking about the answer.
+[2348.320 --> 2353.120]  Again, I would love to know a little bit more so I can give you a more precise answer,
+[2353.120 --> 2359.120]  but while coming back to what Kristina said, one way to start driving virtual engagement is
+[2359.920 --> 2365.920]  possible even before you actually start the meeting or the event. So start crowdsourcing the
+[2365.920 --> 2374.320]  topics, engage people with voting on the polls. You can also collect the questions as Kristina said
+[2374.320 --> 2379.680]  and prepare those really valuable answers. So there are different ways how you can do that. You can
+[2379.680 --> 2385.360]  even embed the interactive tools like slider and many others into the website and make it more engaging.
+[2385.440 --> 2390.320]  So there are ways how to do that. So hopefully I gave you a few ideas on that. I would maybe just
+[2390.320 --> 2398.080]  add quickly there. Really using a quiz is very underestimated because people love playing quizzes.
+[2398.080 --> 2405.200]  And you can always do the quiz in a very serious kind of way. So use your published content,
+[2405.200 --> 2410.080]  your website as a source for the quiz and then make sure that your attendees interact with
+[2410.080 --> 2414.640]  this content that way they actually learn more about it and they will even remember the information
+[2414.640 --> 2420.560]  that they consumed using using the questions. One more idea that came to my mind, Kristina,
+[2420.560 --> 2427.920]  as you were addressing this question is that you can also work with the answered questions
+[2427.920 --> 2433.680]  from your event and you can turn them into a blog post, let's say, or you can pass them onto your
+[2433.680 --> 2440.400]  CEO and put together the answers for the rest of the team or one thing that we did after the GMID,
+[2440.400 --> 2445.280]  we brought some amazing insights about the future of the industry and we turned it into a
+[2445.280 --> 2451.600]  PR article. So you can even all that interaction data that you collect live, you can work with that
+[2451.600 --> 2459.200]  and bring it into a valuable content. Magdalena, thank you so much for joining us.
+[2460.400 --> 2467.840]  So and thanks for the question. Networking is definitely a big topic. So Kristina, what about
+[2467.840 --> 2473.200]  networking and virtual events? Any good practices? You can share breakout rooms in Zoom are actually
+[2473.200 --> 2478.560]  quite awkward with a large number of people. They work well to a certain number of people. I agree
+[2478.560 --> 2484.960]  with you on that. Yes, but I would actually argue, have you already tried it because I actually saw
+[2484.960 --> 2490.560]  this while that it would be very awkward but until I was put into that situation, really, if it's
+[2490.560 --> 2497.280]  just the two or three of you in a small group, you can talk about so much, you can network really well
+[2498.000 --> 2504.080]  deeply, I would say. So I think break rooms just give it one chance, just one shot if you like it.
+[2504.080 --> 2509.520]  But if not, then let me just think quickly about some other ideas. You know, does anything come
+[2509.520 --> 2518.160]  to your mind straight away? About some other networking activities? Yes. This is a big topic and
+[2519.040 --> 2525.520]  we are going to be a part of the upcoming engaged webinar hosted by Event Manager Blog
+[2525.600 --> 2532.800]  in about an hour and a half. And we were trying to come up with something meaningful over there.
+[2533.600 --> 2538.880]  If you do not have a networking platform like Brela, for instance, that is very difficult,
+[2538.880 --> 2542.800]  or the one that the event exists using. That's very difficult, especially with
+[2543.440 --> 2548.640]  1000 people on the call. So again, you can give them some kind of a physical exercise,
+[2548.640 --> 2554.240]  that's what we want to experiment with today, paired with some kind of a quiz and keep people
+[2554.240 --> 2561.520]  engaged. But it's difficult. Like if you're going to come up with some kind of ideas, we're always
+[2561.520 --> 2567.440]  happy and open to hear it. So please even post them to the chat. We'd love to hear more on those.
+[2568.880 --> 2575.680]  I think it's for the whole industry to practice. And we're moving to the last question over for you,
+[2576.480 --> 2581.680]  Christina. Is there a point where the amount of interactivity can become too much by Adam?
+[2582.160 --> 2589.280]  Thank you so much. I think so. And this is where we actually, this is why we came up with that
+[2589.280 --> 2594.640]  estimate of engagement every five to seven minutes. Because from our experience, this is kind of the
+[2594.640 --> 2601.040]  tested, tested type interval where interaction is not too much and not too little. But perhaps
+[2601.040 --> 2607.120]  putting an interaction point every two minutes would just be really too much and you would
+[2607.200 --> 2614.400]  just overwhelm your audience and not actually deliver any valuable content to them. So from my experience,
+[2614.400 --> 2618.640]  really, I would say the five to seven minutes don't go over and don't go under.
+[2619.680 --> 2625.600]  And we have just run out of the questions and we are more or less right on time as we started a
+[2625.600 --> 2632.000]  bit later. So we want to thank you all for participating here questions, all your questions. And before
+[2632.000 --> 2639.040]  you leave, you know, when you hop on an Uber ride and you got out of the taxi, they always ask you
+[2639.040 --> 2645.920]  to leave to leave your rating. And we would like to ask you to do the same. It's super simple.
+[2645.920 --> 2651.360]  All you have to do is just to start this session with how much you like that. There's a scale of
+[2651.360 --> 2657.920]  1 to 10. Again, at Slido. So those of you who are at Slido, just please go over there. Just leave
+[2658.880 --> 2664.080]  leave your rating. If you have any comments, positive negatives, start that we can improve.
+[2664.080 --> 2669.680]  We would really, really appreciate it so we can make this session better for all the future
+[2669.680 --> 2674.800]  audiences. And we've got already some people feeling the same. So really appreciate it. And
+[2674.800 --> 2680.960]  thanks so much for finding it the time. Thank you for me as well. Thank you so much for letting us
+[2680.960 --> 2685.760]  be here. Eventics and letting us present to our lovely audience. And thank you for sharing all
+[2685.760 --> 2691.440]  the insights with us and being physically active as well. So thank you so much and have a lovely day.
+[2692.240 --> 2696.320]  Thanks so much. And thank you for all the lovely comments in the chat. It's great to hear you
+[2696.320 --> 2702.640]  found it useful. And let's stay in touch if you would like to reach back and ask about anything
+[2702.640 --> 2708.400]  about audience engagement technology or just chat in general. Here are our addresses.
+[2709.280 --> 2713.360]  J.A.J. Will you be at the slider.com? That's mine. And Christina,
+[2715.920 --> 2720.640]  you're at education at Slido. And you don't need to move the slide anymore because I have
+[2721.120 --> 2726.800]  accepted to call so it should stay active already. Perfect. So thank you guys so much for joining and
+[2726.800 --> 2730.960]  enjoy the rest of your day. Bye bye. Bye.

transcript/webinar_0baESEnbLAI.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,606 @@
+[0.000 --> 5.920]  Hi everyone, welcome to our today's Wednesday webinar. We're joined today with Ashley Reyes,
+[5.920 --> 11.920]  she will be taking us through her webinar, Birds and Facts and More for the fun Halloween season.
+[11.920 --> 18.640]  So Ashley, I'm going to hand it over to you. Thank you. Awesome. Hello everybody. Yes, my name is Ashley Reyes.
+[19.520 --> 24.880]  I am going to share my screen with you really quickly. My name is Ashley Reyes. I am from San Antonio,
+[24.880 --> 30.160]  Texas and I currently teach in Northeast Independent School District. I teach
+[30.960 --> 37.040]  Kinder through fifth grade and we are a title one in dual language school. So that's just a little bit
+[37.040 --> 43.920]  about myself. Today we're going to cover all the bases. You know, this is about the Halloween season.
+[43.920 --> 48.080]  So all of these are going to be geared towards Halloween and we're going to do some singing, some
+[48.080 --> 53.520]  movement. A lot of these will involve classroom instruments of course and then props because why not?
+[53.520 --> 59.520]  This is tizzed the season to be using props like fans and scarves and things like that. So
+[60.880 --> 66.560]  why did I call it Birds and Bats and More? So Birds and Bats is one of my favorite activities actually
+[66.560 --> 73.520]  on music play. So underneath on my presentation right underneath the title, you're going to see kind
+[73.520 --> 78.880]  of the way to get there for all of these. So if you go to units, they have one that says festivals
+[78.960 --> 83.680]  and holidays. So if you click on that, you click on Halloween and then it gives you a bunch of
+[83.680 --> 89.600]  different options. So actually we'll show you how to get there as well. So if you're on music play
+[89.600 --> 98.560]  on the left hand side, click on that units, you'll go to festivals and holidays, scroll down, see
+[98.560 --> 106.880]  Halloween right there. And then here's where you have them separated all based on songs and activities
+[106.880 --> 111.120]  things like that. So the first one like I said is Birds and Bats. So if you go to spooky animal
+[111.120 --> 118.560]  songs and Birds and Bats, it'll pop up right there. Now in my class, I use this with third grade. So
+[118.560 --> 123.760]  in my presentation in that top left hand corner, you're going to see a grade level or multiple grade
+[123.760 --> 128.800]  levels. Those are the ones that I do with my students, but of course it's whatever is best for your class,
+[129.520 --> 134.240]  but I'll also tell you where you can find it as well. So for music play, they list this under second
+[134.240 --> 140.800]  grade songs Birds and Bats right there. This is a great song for six eight. If you're talking about
+[140.800 --> 147.680]  minor, if you just want them to experience minor music, music and minor, we also have, you know,
+[147.680 --> 152.240]  this is seasonal music, of course, so we want to put some of that in there for them. This is a great
+[152.240 --> 159.440]  opportunity for some improvised movements as well as possibly playing a chord, Bordoon as well.
+[159.440 --> 164.960]  So I do want to play the song for you once and I do have my audio connected so it should work.
+[164.960 --> 171.200]  But under videos, I usually use the one that says lyrics. The notations more for me if I'm
+[171.200 --> 176.080]  unfamiliar with the song, I'll use that notation for myself to learn the song, but lyrics is the one
+[176.080 --> 180.160]  that I'll show the kids. So if I press play, this is Birds and Bats.
+[189.520 --> 196.960]  Through the sky, through the sky Birds and Bats right through the sky
+[196.960 --> 207.280]  On the night, the morning will click and we'll click and we'll click and we'll click
+[207.280 --> 215.440]  and we'll click and we'll click and we'll click and we'll click on this October night.
+[216.240 --> 219.680]  And there is one more verse to that, but I'm going to go ahead and pause it right there.
+[219.680 --> 225.600]  So let me go back to my presentation. So like I said, there's a lot of opportunity for different
+[225.600 --> 230.400]  improvised movement in this song, which I love. So let me scoot this over.
+[232.320 --> 236.560]  On the presentation, the first one, like it says, Birds and Bats fly through the sky.
+[237.440 --> 242.320]  In the second verse, the treats in the bag go clickety-clank. And then in the third verse,
+[242.320 --> 248.240]  it says the silly old skeleton rattles his bones. So all great opportunities there.
+[249.440 --> 253.440]  For myself, like I said, the first thing I'll do is I'll play that lyric video and they'll start
+[253.440 --> 258.320]  to get it in their ears and then I will I will teach it by rote and then I'll add those props and
+[258.320 --> 265.120]  those fun sound effects. So for the Birds and Bats flying through the sky, I have quite a few of
+[265.120 --> 272.240]  these Vale fans. You can get them on a lot of different elementary music and you know,
+[272.240 --> 277.440]  music sites where you can buy things. Some of them I've also bought on Amazon. They're usually
+[277.440 --> 284.320]  about 20 to 25 dollars, but these are great for that flying through the sky. So I'll give maybe
+[284.320 --> 290.160]  four students one of these and they'll just walk around the room as they sing Birds and Bats fly
+[290.640 --> 297.280]  through the sky, which they love. So these these Vale fans are definitely worth the investment in my
+[297.280 --> 304.400]  opinion. And then for the treats in the bag that go clickety-clank, I'll use you know, something
+[304.400 --> 310.400]  that clicks. So I actually have one of these mounted castenets, but if you've got regular ones
+[310.400 --> 316.080]  or any sort of woodblock or something like that, that can be your clickety-clank that they can play
+[316.160 --> 323.280]  along with. And then the silly old skeleton rattles his bones. I've used the Vibers lap for that.
+[323.280 --> 329.600]  I've used Klaueze for that. Anything wood sounding right for rattles his bones. Or if you don't have
+[329.600 --> 335.040]  anything, then you can just act it out, right? Body movements, things like that fly through the sky
+[335.040 --> 341.120]  physically, you know, move around in a flying motion. Clickety-clank, I've done snaps for if I
+[341.120 --> 345.760]  didn't have instruments for that. For the rattles his bones, I've just had the kids kind of shake
+[345.760 --> 350.560]  their bones like that. So all of these are definitely possible within without those props.
+[352.960 --> 359.520]  So after I teach the song and after we add those different props and things that we can do movement
+[359.520 --> 365.120]  with, we'll practice that a couple of times. And then I'll actually add usually metallophones
+[365.120 --> 373.680]  and glockenspiels. I like that metal ring that sounds very spooky and haunting. So I will use
+[373.680 --> 380.240]  usually metallophones and glockenspiels. And if you're using A and E and you play on the downbeat,
+[380.240 --> 386.480]  it really gives that haunting sound. So I do have one here with me at the moment. And I think you're
+[386.480 --> 391.680]  able to hear it. So for example, if I use the A and the E, it'll sound like this.
+[394.240 --> 395.760]  And then I'll have the kids sing,
+[396.000 --> 405.040]  birds and bats fly through the sky, through the sky, through the sky, birds and bats fly through the
+[405.040 --> 412.640]  sky on this October night. So they'll use that A and E and it just really fills the room with that
+[412.640 --> 418.640]  spooky feeling. And then after we've all had a chance to sing and play on the instruments,
+[418.640 --> 424.880]  then I'll actually split the class in half. So half of the class will have the the veil fans and
+[425.920 --> 430.160]  different instruments for the sound effects. And then the other half will be on the instruments.
+[430.160 --> 435.680]  So I'm sorry, on the barred instruments. That way they can both be performing at the same time,
+[435.680 --> 442.240]  but then we'll have an opportunity to switch. So that's a great one. I absolutely love that activity.
+[442.240 --> 448.560]  My class loves that one. If you wanted to keep going with this, I usually stop about there and then
+[448.560 --> 453.680]  I start to go on to the next activity. But if you wanted to keep going, maybe you wanted more work
+[453.680 --> 459.600]  on those barred instruments. Maybe you wanted an opportunity to improvise in minor, which we don't
+[459.600 --> 467.440]  always get to do that often. What I would suggest is using that song, that verse as your kind of A section.
+[467.440 --> 474.240]  And then in the B section, we can use that A minor as an opportunity to improv. So after they sing
+[474.240 --> 480.560]  the whole thing on this October night, then whoever's at those Glocken spills or metallophones
+[481.120 --> 482.800]  can actually have an opportunity to
+[487.920 --> 495.200]  you know kind of improvise within those parameters. So that is a great something that I'm
+[495.200 --> 498.960]  thinking about for this year that now that we're in October and I'm going to start these again
+[498.960 --> 504.400]  that I haven't done yet. But just another fun extension to keep it going with that with that song.
+[504.800 --> 513.840]  So underneath those videos, that say notation, lyrics, there's also a demo of students performing it.
+[513.840 --> 518.480]  Underneath it, there's a lot of other resources. If you haven't checked those out, definitely check those out.
+[518.480 --> 523.920]  If you click on the one that says orf, it'll actually pull up an orfer arrangement that's fully
+[523.920 --> 528.400]  fledged out. So that's what you see on the right there. That's the orfer arrangement. And then
+[529.360 --> 534.480]  if you go to where it says song activities, I'm not sure if you can see my cursor, but if you go
+[534.480 --> 538.880]  to where it says song activities, it gives you a lot of different ways that you can present this
+[538.880 --> 544.480]  to the students. So for example, it said you know you could pair this cross curricular, you could
+[544.480 --> 549.760]  pair it with Stella Luna and there you have a book to go with it. Or if you want to do a short
+[549.760 --> 555.360]  presentation on bats, you can tie it to science and talk about bats. So lots of different ways,
+[555.360 --> 562.640]  you know, just to keep extending this activity. A favorite and oldie but a goodie. This is a
+[562.640 --> 568.000]  little old lady who is not afraid of anything. I use this with my kinder through third graders and
+[568.000 --> 573.840]  you know, depending on the grade level, we will use props and instruments or maybe we'll just do
+[573.840 --> 579.520]  some body percussion, which I will explain. So how to get there, you go units, holidays, same thing
+[579.680 --> 584.960]  Halloween and then there's an area at the bottom that says storybook lessons. So there is a full
+[586.240 --> 595.680]  reading of this book with a play along by Miss Jackson. So these are the instruments that she uses
+[595.680 --> 602.800]  for the shoes, the pants, the shirt, the gloves, the hat and the pumpkin head. So the great thing about
+[602.800 --> 607.280]  this being on video is if you have these instruments, you can just pair them up and then you can have
+[607.280 --> 613.760]  the students play along to the video, which is awesome. I take this as an opportunity to use
+[613.760 --> 618.640]  the instruments that I don't usually get to use. So I will use some that are a little more
+[618.640 --> 626.560]  different and I'll actually read in person. I do have the book here. So I usually will be here with
+[626.560 --> 631.200]  one hand and then here with the other hand trying to tell them what instrument they should be doing
+[631.280 --> 638.000]  next, but I do have the book as well. So some of those instruments that we don't get to use, the slap stick,
+[638.000 --> 643.120]  you know, castonets I use pretty often just because I have quite a few of them, but castonets
+[643.120 --> 649.600]  a viberslap, maybe even a thunder tube if you're feeling wild. So it's totally up to you. But here's
+[649.600 --> 655.920]  an example of what I would do. So the two shoes that go clomp clomp those castonets, a pair of
+[655.920 --> 661.040]  pants that goes wiggle, wiggle, shake that thunder tube. One shirt that goes shake, shake, maybe you
+[661.040 --> 667.040]  have a cabassa or some maracas. Two gloves that go clop clop, you can use that slap stick.
+[668.000 --> 674.640]  One hat that goes nod, nod, I'd use the viberslap there and a scary pumpkin head that goes boo, boo.
+[674.640 --> 680.640]  So for that one, usually a large drum, it just feels right. So that's usually how I paired if I'm
+[680.640 --> 687.600]  using instruments. That's usually going to be, you know, second, third graders. But sometimes we
+[687.600 --> 692.320]  don't have access to the instruments. Maybe there's a time constraint. We have seven different
+[692.320 --> 697.680]  schedules that we could possibly operate on at my school. So the class could be anywhere from 50
+[697.680 --> 702.160]  minutes to 30 minutes. It just kind of depends on the day. So if you've got time constraints or
+[702.160 --> 707.600]  a location change, I don't know about you, but I become the coach often. If you don't have time to
+[707.600 --> 713.040]  go over that instrument etiquette, we're at the point of the year where every time we go to instruments,
+[713.040 --> 718.000]  I'm reviewing the instrument etiquette. How we get there, what we do. If I don't have time for that
+[718.000 --> 724.160]  right now, then I might just stick with this body percussion as opposed to the instruments or
+[724.160 --> 729.120]  behave your concerns. You know your kids best. So if any of that is true to you, then you might
+[729.120 --> 734.640]  want to do this without instruments. So how would we do that? Same thing. I would have my book right
+[734.640 --> 738.800]  here with one hand and then I would do the movements with my other hand. So for the two shoes,
+[738.800 --> 743.360]  I'd have them all go stomp, stomp. For the pair of pants, they just shake wiggle, wiggle.
+[744.000 --> 751.840]  For one shirt, wiggle, wiggle, then we go shake, shake with our hands. The two gloves would go clop,
+[751.840 --> 759.200]  clop. The hat, we grab our brim of the hat, we'd go nod, nod. And the scary pumpkin head, we'd go
+[760.160 --> 763.280]  so all that just as effective and they love it just as much.
+[764.720 --> 771.840]  Yeah, also if you have the physical props, you could do this full out. My campus, our librarian,
+[771.840 --> 776.560]  does it full out with all the props? So that's her domain and I'll do it with instruments.
+[776.560 --> 778.480]  But if you have them, definitely to each their own.
+[780.720 --> 785.760]  And then this little visual that I'm showing you is a downloadable slide underneath the
+[785.760 --> 791.280]  little old lady who is not afraid of anything. So if you go below it, it's a downloadable. So you can
+[791.280 --> 800.800]  see this exact visual. Okay, so in the hall of the mountain gate, this activity is an on music
+[800.800 --> 805.360]  play, but it pairs really well with another one that will come in about two slides. So I will start
+[805.360 --> 811.760]  with this one. So when I start with this one, I will start by sharing this story. I'll be honest,
+[811.760 --> 816.800]  I don't know if there's an official story, I bet there is to this song, but this is the story
+[816.800 --> 822.240]  that was told to me by one of my mentors. And so it's just kind of that like folk song. It's just
+[822.240 --> 827.760]  kind of passing along. So in my story, there's a little boy, he's a very naughty little boy,
+[827.760 --> 833.520]  and he steals something and he gets caught. So he does not want to get in trouble. So he runs away
+[833.520 --> 838.400]  to the forest. And in the forest, there's a mountain, he starts running up the mountain,
+[839.040 --> 843.280]  and he sees that there's a door in the side of the mountain, which that's on a door in the side
+[843.280 --> 848.960]  of the mountain. So he goes through the door and it's very dark and he can't see anybody, but they
+[848.960 --> 854.160]  see him whoever lives in that mountain. So we find out there are trolls that live in the mountain,
+[854.160 --> 859.600]  and there is a mountain king. The mountain king captures the boy and places him in troll jail.
+[859.600 --> 865.040]  That's their favorite part. And while in troll jail, the guard falls asleep. And so when he
+[865.040 --> 871.120]  falls asleep, the little boy manages to steal that key. And so he unlocks the troll jail,
+[871.120 --> 878.000]  and he's trying not to get caught. So he starts to tip toe. He starts to tip toe out of the mountain,
+[878.000 --> 883.760]  and as he's exiting, the trolls see him and they start to tell everybody, hey, there's so many
+[883.760 --> 889.120]  leaving. But the boy doesn't notice. And when he does start to notice, he starts to walk faster,
+[889.120 --> 893.120]  and faster, and faster, and faster, because he doesn't want to get caught. And eventually he's
+[893.120 --> 897.600]  jumping through doorways and he's jumping through the final doorway until the very end of the song.
+[898.240 --> 903.280]  So that's how I introduce the song. And I do that with Kinder and First Grade.
+[904.080 --> 909.920]  Oh, we skipped quite a lot of slides. Hold on one second. That was my bad.
+[912.080 --> 919.600]  Let's see, where are we? There we go. So there's two ways that I take this after I tell the story.
+[920.400 --> 927.440]  The first way is a follow the leader style activity where I have a little light that I got off
+[927.440 --> 932.720]  of Amazon where you touch it and it illuminates. So what I'll do is I'll touch the light and it
+[932.720 --> 937.120]  illuminates and it kind of looks like a flame. So I'll turn all the lights down in my room,
+[937.120 --> 941.280]  and then I'll start to walk around the room with that light so it feels like we're really taking
+[941.280 --> 945.360]  a trek and they'll follow me behind me in a line and we'll just kind of snake around the room.
+[946.240 --> 951.280]  And of course, you know, we'll start slow with a bum bum bum bum bum bum bum and I'll stop
+[951.280 --> 956.240]  every once in a while to make sure they're being quiet. And then by the end we all kind of stop in
+[956.240 --> 961.360]  our spot and we're just doing quick feet wherever we are and jumping through those doorways, you know.
+[962.320 --> 970.320]  But the other way that I've done, which I did it this way because of COVID actually, but they
+[970.400 --> 975.680]  still love it. So I still do it this way is I have every kid seated on the floor. And they'll have
+[975.680 --> 982.400]  their legs extended out in front of them and they will just follow along and copy me and I will tap
+[982.400 --> 987.920]  the bee on different parts of my body and they will copy. So I'll start with my heads, bum bum bum bum
+[987.920 --> 990.680]  My head's my head. I'll start with my head.
+[998.360 --> 1000.360]  Then I'll go to my shoulders.
+[1000.360 --> 1002.360]  Then I'll go to my waist.
+[1002.960 --> 1004.760]  Then my knees and then my toes.
+[1004.760 --> 1008.160]  And by the end I'm mixing it up just to make them laugh with that.
+[1010.160 --> 1012.600]  We get into a little kanga, if you will.
+[1012.600 --> 1014.040]  And we just have fun with it.
+[1014.040 --> 1015.720]  So that's a great one.
+[1015.720 --> 1020.200]  But of course that's a perfect example of an activity where they're experiencing
+[1020.200 --> 1021.600]  different tempos, right?
+[1021.600 --> 1024.680]  Changing from that slow to the quicker tempos.
+[1024.680 --> 1027.680]  So this is a great pair for their activity.
+[1027.680 --> 1030.520]  They have an activity called tapet here, tapet there.
+[1030.520 --> 1032.320]  This is a great pairing for that.
+[1032.320 --> 1036.160]  If you're really focusing on experiencing that tempo with the little ones.
+[1036.160 --> 1038.840]  So this one, the song goes,
+[1038.840 --> 1043.680]  Tapet here, tapet there, toss it way up in the air.
+[1043.680 --> 1048.160]  Tapet here, tapet there, toss it to a friend.
+[1048.160 --> 1051.800]  And for me, this is a beanbag activity.
+[1051.800 --> 1055.400]  I'll have a beanbag here so I can show you.
+[1055.400 --> 1058.400]  This is found under grade two songs.
+[1058.400 --> 1061.920]  You can also find it under the concept tempo.
+[1061.920 --> 1065.280]  But like I said, this is a beanbag activity for my kiddos.
+[1065.280 --> 1067.520]  And I mostly do it with first grade,
+[1067.520 --> 1069.960]  but I've also done it with Kinder as well.
+[1070.240 --> 1074.000]  And so what I'll do is I will show them how the song works first.
+[1074.000 --> 1080.920]  So I'll take my beanbag and I'll tap my knees, tapet here, tapet there.
+[1080.920 --> 1084.600]  Then I'll toss it, toss it way up in the air.
+[1084.600 --> 1088.400]  We tap our knees again, tapet here, tapet there.
+[1088.400 --> 1092.680]  And then we pass it to the right, pass it to a friend, just like that.
+[1092.680 --> 1094.600]  So I'll show them first.
+[1094.600 --> 1098.520]  And then I will say, okay, you have an invisible beanbag.
+[1098.520 --> 1101.320]  You can't have a real one until I see that you can do it with your invisible one.
+[1101.320 --> 1107.080]  So with their invisible beanbag, they grab it and they tapet here, tapet there.
+[1107.080 --> 1115.760]  Toss it way up in the air, tapet here, tapet there, pass it to a friend, just like that.
+[1115.760 --> 1119.160]  So after they've done it with their invisible beanbags, of course,
+[1119.160 --> 1122.400]  we review expectations in my room.
+[1122.400 --> 1124.760]  If it touches the ceiling, it's game over.
+[1124.760 --> 1125.800]  That's just my rule.
+[1125.800 --> 1130.120]  Sometimes I use different bouncy balls or beanbags, things like that.
+[1130.120 --> 1133.200]  I don't want to deal with sprinklers and breaking speakers, anything like that.
+[1133.200 --> 1136.240]  So in my room, if it touches the ceiling, it's game over.
+[1136.240 --> 1140.480]  So I go over the rules and then I'll have them circle up.
+[1140.480 --> 1147.000]  And once we're all sitting in a circle, criss-cross, I'll have the bucket of beanbags in front of me.
+[1147.000 --> 1152.640]  And what I'll do is I'll sing, pass it to a friend and I'll pass it to my neighbor.
+[1152.640 --> 1154.760]  And then I'll say, all right, you're going to pass it just like me.
+[1154.760 --> 1155.600]  Here we go.
+[1155.600 --> 1162.560]  And I pass the next beanbag, pass it to a friend as they pass it to the next person.
+[1162.560 --> 1169.680]  And we just keep this pattern going so that they can get that correct direction right off the bat.
+[1169.680 --> 1171.840]  So they know, okay, we're passing it this way,
+[1171.840 --> 1175.080]  because that's the only way we've been passing it this whole time.
+[1175.080 --> 1181.360]  So once everybody has a beanbag, then very slowly we'll practice it for real with that beanbag.
+[1181.360 --> 1185.040]  Tap it here, tap it there.
+[1185.040 --> 1187.080]  And we'll do the whole song really slow.
+[1187.080 --> 1190.920]  And then of course, we'll get a little bit faster as they feel more confident.
+[1190.920 --> 1196.520]  And then we'll get to do it with the little lyric video, like I showed you for the other song.
+[1196.520 --> 1200.200]  So with the lyric video, I don't know if you saw on that page, it says,
+[1200.200 --> 1201.520]  Matarato.
+[1201.520 --> 1205.040]  It will actually say, I think there's four different tempos that it plays.
+[1205.040 --> 1210.160]  So it will say on there, long ago, tap it here or whatever it may be.
+[1210.160 --> 1213.240]  So that's a great one again for experiencing tempo.
+[1213.240 --> 1216.360]  If you want to label it, you can definitely do that for my class.
+[1216.360 --> 1218.520]  It's more about the experience with this one.
+[1218.520 --> 1220.600]  So this is a super fun one.
+[1220.600 --> 1222.400]  They absolutely love this one.
+[1222.400 --> 1225.280]  Anything with beanbags, they're a big fan of.
+[1225.280 --> 1228.880]  I put on there that this could also be an individual activity.
+[1228.880 --> 1232.440]  We've also done it where I didn't have time for us to make the circle
+[1232.440 --> 1234.120]  and to practice the passing, everything like that.
+[1234.120 --> 1236.280]  So they're just tapping it on themselves.
+[1236.280 --> 1239.000]  It also way up in the air, tap it here, tap it there.
+[1239.000 --> 1240.160]  And then pass it to a friend.
+[1240.160 --> 1242.960]  They just fake pass it to somebody in front of them.
+[1242.960 --> 1247.320]  So even if it's just practice for the activity, they've done it individually.
+[1247.320 --> 1250.520]  And they still like it because they still get to tap it and toss it in the air,
+[1250.520 --> 1251.720]  which is their favorite part.
+[1254.920 --> 1257.400]  Okay, so the Smelly Brew Rondo.
+[1257.400 --> 1259.000]  This is an interactive activity.
+[1259.000 --> 1262.640]  So if you've ever used the interactive activities, these are ones that if you
+[1262.640 --> 1265.400]  have some sort of touch screen that kids can go up and touch it,
+[1265.400 --> 1268.360]  or if you're screen casting, they can touch whatever you have there,
+[1268.360 --> 1273.680]  or they can click on it if you have a mouse, like a little USB mouse.
+[1273.680 --> 1277.840]  You can have them click that if it's attached to your computer.
+[1277.840 --> 1279.000]  But this one's really fun.
+[1279.000 --> 1287.520]  So the A line, A section, if you will, is black and blue, full of goo.
+[1287.520 --> 1291.000]  What will we put in the Smelly Brew?
+[1291.000 --> 1293.320]  And then here they get to make their choices.
+[1293.320 --> 1295.920]  So I have this board behind me.
+[1295.920 --> 1298.000]  This is a type of touch screen board.
+[1298.000 --> 1302.360]  So I'll have them go up one at a time, you know, for the first line,
+[1302.360 --> 1303.680]  for the second line.
+[1303.680 --> 1306.560]  And they'll pick their favorite one, whichever one they want.
+[1306.560 --> 1311.320]  Frogs and then muddy boots, beats, spite two spiders.
+[1311.320 --> 1313.120]  And then we'll practice that line.
+[1313.120 --> 1318.040]  Frogs, muddy boots, beats two spiders.
+[1318.040 --> 1322.400]  Frogs, muddy boots, beats two spiders.
+[1322.400 --> 1324.400]  And I usually like to do it twice that way.
+[1324.400 --> 1327.480]  In case they didn't get it the first time, they have a chance to do it the second time.
+[1327.480 --> 1328.880]  And then we'll do the second one.
+[1328.880 --> 1330.800]  And then we perform it together.
+[1330.800 --> 1336.920]  So we can just say it if we want to, or if you wanted to add rhythm sticks,
+[1336.920 --> 1340.680]  or if we wanted to add a hand drum, they can play those, of course, you know,
+[1340.680 --> 1345.520]  frogs, muddy boots, beats two spiders.
+[1345.520 --> 1349.200]  And then if you want to challenge them, you can say, okay, the words are in your head,
+[1349.200 --> 1350.600]  but we're not going to say them out loud.
+[1350.600 --> 1351.640]  I want you to play them.
+[1351.640 --> 1359.160]  Yeah, just another way to keep it going.
+[1359.160 --> 1363.560]  So this is a really funny one, smelly brew, because there's gross things in their dog hair
+[1363.560 --> 1366.280]  and hairy eyeballs, which they love that stuff.
+[1366.280 --> 1368.240]  So this is a good one for them.
+[1368.240 --> 1371.520]  I do this with second and third grade.
+[1371.520 --> 1376.080]  This one's very similar, but I use this with the younger students, so like first grade,
+[1376.080 --> 1377.080]  but it's the same thing.
+[1377.080 --> 1380.000]  This one has witch, black cat, pumpkin, and ghosts.
+[1380.000 --> 1389.400]  So ghost, pumpkin, black cat, witch, or pumpkin, pumpkin, pumpkin, pumpkin, which for
+[1389.400 --> 1391.080]  some reason happens every year.
+[1391.080 --> 1396.480]  It's just all pumpkins for eight beats, but if that works for that, that works for me.
+[1396.480 --> 1400.360]  And like I said, words, or you can tap it in the palm of your hand, we use our rhythm
+[1400.360 --> 1401.960]  hands, five and two.
+[1401.960 --> 1407.400]  So we'll do it here, or some easy, you know, simple percussion instruments that are
+[1407.400 --> 1408.400]  easily movable.
+[1408.400 --> 1411.880]  So you can bring them in, bring them out quickly.
+[1411.880 --> 1417.360]  Alrighty, so this is actually a read aloud book.
+[1417.360 --> 1418.800]  Where's my mummy?
+[1418.800 --> 1420.360]  It's also under Halloween way at the bottom.
+[1420.360 --> 1421.720]  It says storybook lessons.
+[1421.720 --> 1424.840]  So this for me is a great cool down activity.
+[1424.840 --> 1429.200]  So let's say we just did the hall of the mountain king, and you know, there are adrenaline
+[1429.200 --> 1431.840]  up here because the music was just, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah.
+[1431.840 --> 1438.200]  So this is my, to calm them down, the where is my mummy read aloud.
+[1438.360 --> 1443.440]  And there's some fun, you know, sounds that the different creatures make like cluck,
+[1443.440 --> 1445.000]  cluck, cluck, and things like that.
+[1445.000 --> 1450.160]  So if the kids want to make those noises along for some vocal exploration, I'm totally
+[1450.160 --> 1455.000]  fine with that.
+[1455.000 --> 1459.680]  This in a dark, dark wood, this is another interactive activity that the kids can go up
+[1459.680 --> 1461.320]  and touch.
+[1461.320 --> 1463.640]  So it has this poem in a dark, dark wood.
+[1463.640 --> 1467.360]  There was a dark, dark house, and it just keeps going all the way to ghost.
+[1467.360 --> 1470.160]  And I normally will do is I'll put them in order.
+[1470.160 --> 1473.520]  So I'll start with the PNECMO and go all the way down.
+[1473.520 --> 1477.160]  And then we'll, you know, visualize it and we'll discuss, okay, what does this one mean?
+[1477.160 --> 1478.160]  Super quiet.
+[1478.160 --> 1479.160]  What does this one mean?
+[1479.160 --> 1484.800]  Medium quiet, medium quiet, you know, so we'll talk about it first.
+[1484.800 --> 1488.600]  And then I'll clear it and I'll let them make the order that they want.
+[1488.600 --> 1496.720]  So usually it goes something like very loud, very quiet, medium loud, medium quiet, and
+[1496.800 --> 1497.920]  it goes back and forth.
+[1497.920 --> 1501.960]  And then we will read it just like that, the way that they've chosen, and then we'll clear
+[1501.960 --> 1505.280]  it and let them do it again a different way.
+[1505.280 --> 1511.200]  I have seen this done with some drums where they are playing softly, but I haven't been
+[1511.200 --> 1516.560]  able to try that myself, but it's the same thing, you know, just like gently tapping versus
+[1516.560 --> 1518.640]  full on hands.
+[1518.640 --> 1521.320]  So this is another great one too.
+[1521.320 --> 1525.040]  And actually on the, on the next page, you'll see that they have a printable version.
+[1525.520 --> 1528.400]  A lot of these have worksheets that can go with them.
+[1528.400 --> 1533.680]  So this is an example of the worksheet that could go with in a dark, dark room and it's
+[1533.680 --> 1534.680]  a printable.
+[1534.680 --> 1539.600]  So if you wanted to add it to a sub plan or something like that, then that's definitely
+[1539.600 --> 1540.600]  an option.
+[1543.600 --> 1545.400]  October is here.
+[1545.400 --> 1548.720]  So this one is under Halloween.
+[1548.720 --> 1550.680]  It's under seasonal songs.
+[1550.680 --> 1554.200]  It's also listed under Kinder.
+[1554.200 --> 1556.160]  I use this with my second graders.
+[1556.160 --> 1560.160]  We actually use it just today and we'll use it all this week.
+[1560.160 --> 1561.800]  But the song itself, I'll just sing it for you.
+[1561.800 --> 1566.520]  The song itself goes, hey there kids October is here.
+[1566.520 --> 1569.680]  Spooky things are far and near.
+[1569.680 --> 1575.720]  Skeletons will come to say, hope you have a scary day.
+[1575.720 --> 1579.120]  Black cats show us what you do.
+[1579.120 --> 1582.240]  Count to eight and you'll be through.
+[1582.240 --> 1588.880]  One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight.
+[1588.880 --> 1594.840]  So if you just want to sing this song as a seasonal song that the kids will learn, that's
+[1594.840 --> 1596.640]  perfect right there.
+[1596.640 --> 1598.440]  I like to use this as a mixer.
+[1598.440 --> 1603.280]  So what I'll do is I will have the kids come in and I'll have them immediately pair up
+[1603.280 --> 1604.360]  with somebody.
+[1604.360 --> 1606.480]  So they're going to be in pairs.
+[1606.480 --> 1610.440]  They'll sing this wherever they are to their pair, wherever they are with their pair in
+[1610.440 --> 1611.440]  the room.
+[1611.440 --> 1612.440]  They'll sing it out loud.
+[1612.440 --> 1613.960]  Hey there kids October is here.
+[1613.960 --> 1618.680]  When it gets to the counting one through eight, I'll have them do this like patty cake
+[1618.680 --> 1619.680]  motion.
+[1619.680 --> 1626.720]  So they'll go one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight.
+[1626.720 --> 1630.200]  Then they'll wave to their partner and they'll go find somebody else.
+[1630.200 --> 1635.080]  So they have all the way until where it says black cats show us what you do.
+[1635.080 --> 1636.840]  By that point they need to have a partner.
+[1636.840 --> 1640.360]  Otherwise they need to raise their hand so we can find them a partner.
+[1640.360 --> 1645.360]  Now in this song it's mostly the same for every verse except for where it says black cats.
+[1645.360 --> 1651.480]  It'll change what that animal or person is.
+[1651.480 --> 1656.320]  So black cats will change and then the very last one actually is just a blank.
+[1656.320 --> 1660.280]  So before you get started with this song you can ask them okay we have one that we get
+[1660.280 --> 1661.280]  to choose.
+[1661.280 --> 1666.000]  What do you want the scary thing or person or being to be?
+[1666.000 --> 1668.560]  And we've had aliens this week.
+[1668.560 --> 1669.560]  We've had zombies.
+[1669.560 --> 1671.360]  You know they wanted skeletons again.
+[1671.360 --> 1673.440]  We did skeletons again.
+[1673.440 --> 1675.240]  But we will fill it in.
+[1675.240 --> 1677.440]  Zombies show us what you do.
+[1677.440 --> 1680.960]  Count to eight and you'll be through one.
+[1680.960 --> 1682.600]  And they go back to their patty cake.
+[1682.600 --> 1685.680]  So that's a great, that's a great mixer.
+[1685.680 --> 1687.400]  Just gets them moving.
+[1687.400 --> 1691.360]  And it seems like a lot of time but they really are scrambling to find somebody.
+[1691.360 --> 1695.440]  So it's the perfect amount of time for them to be moving around.
+[1695.440 --> 1697.760]  So this is another great one.
+[1697.760 --> 1698.760]  And that's where you'll find it.
+[1698.760 --> 1702.880]  Same thing under those festivals and holidays and Halloween.
+[1702.880 --> 1706.480]  Alright, past the broom.
+[1706.480 --> 1709.800]  So this is a favorite.
+[1709.800 --> 1711.680]  I have it as fourth and fifth grade.
+[1711.680 --> 1714.840]  This is something that I introduce in fourth grade.
+[1714.840 --> 1719.200]  But they are asking for it until they leave for fifth grade and they leave for middle school.
+[1719.200 --> 1721.400]  So they love this game.
+[1721.400 --> 1723.040]  This one's going to be under Halloween.
+[1723.040 --> 1725.680]  It's under which songs.
+[1725.680 --> 1728.640]  And the song itself goes like this.
+[1728.640 --> 1731.120]  Past the broom around the circle.
+[1731.120 --> 1733.240]  Don't you let it drop.
+[1733.240 --> 1738.240]  I don't want to have the broomstick when the music stops.
+[1738.240 --> 1741.960]  So that's the song itself.
+[1741.960 --> 1747.760]  The way that I introduce this is, I'll say, well, you just keep the steady beat with me
+[1747.760 --> 1751.200]  and they'll pat on their legs and I'll sing for them.
+[1751.200 --> 1753.520]  Past the broom around the circle.
+[1753.520 --> 1755.320]  The whole song for them.
+[1755.320 --> 1758.800]  And then I'll say, alright, this time keep it in your hands.
+[1758.800 --> 1759.800]  And I'll sing again.
+[1759.800 --> 1762.440]  Past the broom around the circle.
+[1762.440 --> 1766.320]  Then the next time I'll say, okay, this time we're going to keep it in our snaps.
+[1766.320 --> 1767.920]  If you know it, sing it with me.
+[1767.920 --> 1771.280]  Past the broom around the circle and it's super catchy.
+[1771.280 --> 1773.160]  They'll know it by hands, really.
+[1773.160 --> 1775.800]  So then we'll go snaps, now keep it in your feet.
+[1775.800 --> 1778.840]  Past the broom around the circle.
+[1778.840 --> 1782.160]  Then when I say walk it around, that just means they're kind of roaming, wandering my
+[1782.160 --> 1783.160]  room.
+[1783.160 --> 1785.760]  Past the broom around the circle.
+[1785.760 --> 1788.360]  Don't you let it drop.
+[1788.360 --> 1793.720]  Then I'll say you have 16 to circle up, go, and they need to make their circle.
+[1793.720 --> 1796.200]  And I'll just count to 16.
+[1796.200 --> 1797.880]  So they're making that circle.
+[1797.880 --> 1801.240]  And then we're in the perfect formation for the game.
+[1801.240 --> 1810.240]  So the game itself, here we go, the game itself is a hot potato style game.
+[1810.240 --> 1815.440]  So what we'll do is I'll have, actually have it here.
+[1815.440 --> 1818.360]  I have this little ball that I got from a store.
+[1818.360 --> 1820.040]  I think it was $5 or something like that.
+[1820.040 --> 1821.600]  But it was too cute for me to pass up.
+[1821.600 --> 1824.880]  So this is our past the broom.
+[1824.880 --> 1831.200]  I tried it with, I made a little mini broom and the broom did not make it.
+[1831.200 --> 1834.520]  So we will use this one to a lot more durable.
+[1834.520 --> 1836.080]  And it's more fun for them to toss around.
+[1836.080 --> 1841.000]  So I welcome the tossing as long as it doesn't touch the ceiling or it's not thrown too
+[1841.000 --> 1843.440]  hard across the room, then we're fine.
+[1843.440 --> 1844.880]  And we usually are okay.
+[1844.880 --> 1851.200]  So we will start by passing this one at a time to try and keep that steady beat as it
+[1851.200 --> 1852.600]  goes around the circle.
+[1852.600 --> 1854.120]  And we'll sing the song with it.
+[1854.120 --> 1856.440]  Past the broom around the circle.
+[1856.440 --> 1859.160]  Don't you let it drop.
+[1859.160 --> 1866.040]  And then like, a potato, if you have it on the word stops, then you would be out.
+[1866.040 --> 1867.760]  So it goes all the way around.
+[1867.760 --> 1872.040]  I don't wanna have the broomstick when the music stops.
+[1872.040 --> 1873.600]  If they have it, then they're out.
+[1873.600 --> 1877.960]  And usually we're standing for this game, so I'll just have them sit down when it comes
+[1877.960 --> 1880.280]  to that part.
+[1880.280 --> 1885.280]  As the game continues, generally, we tend to speed up.
+[1885.280 --> 1890.320]  Usually that's out of necessity because I'm saving this for the last seven minutes of
+[1890.320 --> 1893.040]  class because it goes so quickly.
+[1893.040 --> 1898.000]  My class sizes are not super big this year, so we will speed it up because I'm running
+[1898.000 --> 1901.640]  out of time and I need them to go faster, which they don't mind because it amps them up
+[1901.640 --> 1904.200]  and it gets their adrenaline going.
+[1904.200 --> 1906.880]  So the tempo does tend to speed up.
+[1906.880 --> 1912.120]  And then in my room, I have a rule that if the teacher plays, then the winner gets a
+[1912.120 --> 1914.680]  prize, which they love.
+[1914.680 --> 1918.560]  I have a bucket of stuff that I've just collected over the years.
+[1918.560 --> 1922.080]  Maybe people have given me things or maybe things I've possibly gotten like at the Dollar
+[1922.080 --> 1923.080]  Tree.
+[1923.080 --> 1926.920]  So it has little squishy, easy racers, pencils, things like that.
+[1926.920 --> 1932.480]  So if the teacher plays, winner gets a prize, which they love, especially right now that
+[1932.480 --> 1938.400]  I have a student teacher that gives the possibility of top two since two teachers played, then
+[1938.400 --> 1940.640]  maybe two people get a prize.
+[1940.640 --> 1944.680]  So yes, they love that for sure.
+[1944.680 --> 1952.040]  Like I said, I do this with fourth grade, but they will ask for it through fifth grade
+[1952.040 --> 1954.280]  they'll ask for it all the way through May.
+[1954.280 --> 1955.520]  And I don't mind bringing it back out.
+[1955.520 --> 1957.560]  I know that there are different versions.
+[1957.560 --> 1962.160]  I'm pretty sure on music play, there are different versions that are not minor.
+[1962.160 --> 1965.360]  They have a different subject matter and they're in major.
+[1965.360 --> 1970.640]  So you can play essentially the same game, but a different season, different topic.
+[1970.640 --> 1975.600]  So that's a great, you know, definitely explore that on music play.
+[1975.600 --> 1978.360]  This is only a handful of times that we experience minor.
+[1978.360 --> 1979.400]  So it's just a great game.
+[1979.400 --> 1983.040]  I love that they love it throughout the year because they're keeping, you know, the idea
+[1983.040 --> 1986.080]  of the concept of minor in their brain the whole year.
+[1986.080 --> 1991.200]  So some more possibilities if you wanted to look at this with your first and your second
+[1991.200 --> 1993.160]  graders, you definitely could.
+[1993.160 --> 1998.440]  I'm going to show you past the broom right here.
+[1998.440 --> 2003.520]  So it has that lyric video, like I said, or notation if you want to see it.
+[2003.520 --> 2006.960]  There's a demo of how to play version of the game.
+[2006.960 --> 2012.720]  And then if you scroll down right here where it says beat and rhythm interactives, it
+[2012.720 --> 2015.440]  has that little video game icon.
+[2015.440 --> 2019.200]  If you click on that, it'll lead you here.
+[2019.200 --> 2023.360]  And this just has a bunch of opportunities to keep extending this with, especially with
+[2023.360 --> 2024.920]  the younger grade levels.
+[2024.920 --> 2028.680]  So you have this one that has the opportunity to point to the beat while you're singing
+[2028.680 --> 2030.840]  the song.
+[2030.840 --> 2032.800]  This one's interactive.
+[2032.800 --> 2033.800]  Clap the rhythm.
+[2033.800 --> 2038.200]  That brooms that match the rhythm.
+[2038.200 --> 2041.840]  We're talking about that beat versus rhythm, of course.
+[2041.840 --> 2046.640]  This one you can actually decide, okay, past the, past the two.
+[2046.640 --> 2048.880]  You click on that two and it fills it in.
+[2048.880 --> 2050.360]  Bruma, how many?
+[2050.360 --> 2051.960]  Two, fill it in.
+[2051.960 --> 2054.640]  Round the two, fill it in.
+[2054.640 --> 2056.200]  Circle two.
+[2056.200 --> 2060.400]  And then you can always clear it with that little trash can at the top.
+[2060.400 --> 2061.400]  Let's see.
+[2061.400 --> 2063.120]  And here you can create your own pattern.
+[2063.120 --> 2067.360]  So if you're using broomstick or drop, you can have them go up to the board and create
+[2067.360 --> 2068.360]  their own pattern.
+[2068.360 --> 2072.280]  Brumstick, broomstick, broomstick, drop.
+[2072.280 --> 2073.280]  Brumstick, drop.
+[2073.280 --> 2075.520]  Brumstick, drop.
+[2075.520 --> 2078.240]  Or however they would like to do that part.
+[2078.240 --> 2083.000]  Yeah, so rhythm sorting, it has a ton of different ways that you can keep going with this
+[2083.000 --> 2084.000]  one.
+[2084.000 --> 2085.680]  Let me go back to here.
+[2085.680 --> 2086.680]  Right here.
+[2086.680 --> 2088.880]  There we go.
+[2088.880 --> 2092.200]  Other activity I've never done this before, but I've thought about it.
+[2092.200 --> 2097.960]  And that is, anytime we use the bean bags, I always think about going outside just because
+[2097.960 --> 2103.160]  we have a field, you know, and so I think, you know, bean bags are super fun.
+[2103.160 --> 2106.600]  I know they like to toss them in the air and in here they're not allowed to toss it super
+[2106.600 --> 2110.800]  high, but if we're outside and there's nothing for a lot of space, then they have the opportunity
+[2110.800 --> 2112.880]  to really give it a good toss.
+[2112.880 --> 2117.720]  So if I'm ever focusing on steady beat, what I like to do for even the young, from little
+[2117.720 --> 2122.040]  to big is I'll have them keep that bean bag and pass it back and forth and I'll have
+[2122.040 --> 2128.880]  them say, tick, talk, tick, talk, tick, talk, just so they feel that beat and they have to
+[2128.880 --> 2132.440]  wait for that gravity to bring that bean bag down.
+[2132.440 --> 2134.640]  So I'll have them feel that steady beat first.
+[2134.640 --> 2138.240]  And then what they can do is they can each have a bean bag.
+[2138.240 --> 2141.160]  If you don't want to pass around one thing, they can each have their own.
+[2141.160 --> 2145.080]  They can pass the broom around the circle.
+[2145.080 --> 2146.920]  Don't you let it drop.
+[2146.920 --> 2152.440]  And just keep going, I don't want to have the broom stick when the music stops.
+[2152.440 --> 2157.160]  And on stop, what they could do is they could actually toss it and then see, you know,
+[2157.160 --> 2159.920]  as hard as they could and see if they could catch it.
+[2159.920 --> 2161.880]  If we're outdoors, they have that freedom.
+[2161.880 --> 2166.560]  So that's why I've been thinking about maybe on a Friday, taking them out there with
+[2166.560 --> 2168.760]  I have some different bean bags.
+[2168.760 --> 2169.840]  Minor made of cloth.
+[2169.840 --> 2175.840]  So I don't know that I would take these outside, but our P-E-R coach has bean bags that
+[2175.840 --> 2178.440]  are plastic.
+[2178.440 --> 2183.680]  So I might take those outside just because they won't, you know, the dirt won't cling to
+[2183.680 --> 2184.680]  them.
+[2184.680 --> 2185.840]  The grass won't cling to them.
+[2185.840 --> 2189.920]  So just another thing that I've been thinking about that I wanted to share with you guys
+[2189.920 --> 2191.920]  as well.
+[2191.920 --> 2193.600]  Yeah.
+[2193.600 --> 2197.120]  So that's about it for me.
+[2197.120 --> 2200.400]  I hope you got one or two things that you can use for sure.
+[2200.400 --> 2207.120]  I'm still, you know, adding to these and trying to extend these even more with the instruments,
+[2207.120 --> 2208.120]  with those props.
+[2208.120 --> 2209.720]  Like I said, I love those veil fans.
+[2209.720 --> 2216.520]  If you don't have a veil fan, those classic scarves, the little square ones that are usually
+[2216.520 --> 2219.920]  neon, those are perfect for the same thing.
+[2219.920 --> 2225.440]  If you're ever doing anything with like ghosts, for example, we do the Donzuma Cabrera.
+[2225.440 --> 2230.920]  We use those, we use those little scarves as our ghosts.
+[2230.920 --> 2234.560]  Same thing when you can use the veil fans, you can use ribbons.
+[2234.560 --> 2238.280]  So, you know, just really making it your own and making it super fun.
+[2238.280 --> 2239.600]  But that's all I have for you.
+[2239.600 --> 2241.240]  There's my contact information.
+[2241.240 --> 2245.200]  If you have a question or anything, you're welcome to email me.
+[2245.200 --> 2246.600]  And yeah, thanks for having me.
+[2246.600 --> 2247.600]  I'm going to ask them.
+[2247.600 --> 2248.840]  Thanks so much, Ashley.
+[2248.840 --> 2251.920]  That was making me very excited for Halloween.
+[2252.920 --> 2253.920]  That's all.
+[2253.920 --> 2257.680]  We do have a couple of questions here.
+[2257.680 --> 2263.520]  One of them is, do you have any like brief ideas to accommodate students who maybe don't
+[2263.520 --> 2264.520]  do Halloween?
+[2264.520 --> 2266.560]  Is there ways you might do some of these different?
+[2266.560 --> 2271.360]  Or does that not really factor in at your school often?
+[2271.360 --> 2277.600]  I mean, a simple lyric change doesn't hurt anybody, especially a lot of these.
+[2277.600 --> 2279.400]  Can you still see my screen?
+[2279.400 --> 2280.400]  Yeah.
+[2280.640 --> 2283.960]  A lot of these have the, for example, the birds and bats.
+[2283.960 --> 2285.320]  Let me get out of here.
+[2285.320 --> 2287.120]  Close.
+[2287.120 --> 2289.600]  They have that accompaniment track.
+[2289.600 --> 2291.520]  And so that doesn't have any words on it.
+[2291.520 --> 2292.760]  It just has the music.
+[2292.760 --> 2298.160]  So if you wanted to change some lyrics, minor is in my standards that I need to teach my
+[2298.160 --> 2299.160]  students.
+[2299.160 --> 2303.000]  So there's nothing wrong with a little minor and then changing those lyrics like past the
+[2303.000 --> 2304.000]  broom.
+[2304.000 --> 2305.000]  It just says broom.
+[2305.000 --> 2309.960]  It doesn't say anything specific, you know, or we, I've heard it.
+[2309.960 --> 2313.200]  And I think I've done it as past the pumpkin too.
+[2313.200 --> 2314.480]  It's just a pumpkin.
+[2314.480 --> 2316.080]  So that usually can fly.
+[2316.080 --> 2319.520]  I know I have some students that have brought that to me before.
+[2319.520 --> 2324.640]  So I'll decide that you're okay, maybe not this one, maybe this one.
+[2324.640 --> 2331.520]  So yeah, I would say definitely those accompaniment tracks might be for you so that you can make
+[2331.520 --> 2333.880]  those edits and the kids will never know.
+[2333.880 --> 2334.880]  All right.
+[2334.880 --> 2335.880]  Awesome.
+[2335.880 --> 2336.880]  Thank you.
+[2336.880 --> 2339.120]  I do have one other question here.
+[2339.120 --> 2344.080]  Would you outline the activities with a grade level, either after the webinar or if you
+[2344.080 --> 2345.560]  have a document or something like that?
+[2345.560 --> 2352.560]  I think someone was looking to see sort of the resources that you used in your slides.
+[2352.560 --> 2356.640]  Just buy grade level, maybe a quick list if that, if you have that available.
+[2356.640 --> 2357.640]  Yeah.
+[2357.640 --> 2362.960]  So, so just like listening like these are the things I spoke about for kindergarten.
+[2362.960 --> 2363.960]  These are the things like that.
+[2363.960 --> 2364.960]  Yeah.
+[2364.960 --> 2365.960]  Okay.
+[2365.960 --> 2366.960]  Perfect.
+[2366.960 --> 2367.960]  Yeah.
+[2367.960 --> 2370.360]  That little in the corner, that's what the grade level was.
+[2370.360 --> 2372.960]  So yeah, I can just list those out easy.
+[2372.960 --> 2373.960]  Sure.
+[2373.960 --> 2374.960]  Perfect.
+[2374.960 --> 2375.960]  Awesome.
+[2375.960 --> 2383.160]  I'm not seeing any other questions at the moment unless anyone wants to take this two seconds
+[2383.160 --> 2385.160]  to write something in the chat.
+[2385.160 --> 2387.000]  What that means is you explained everything fantastic.
+[2387.000 --> 2388.000]  Very well.
+[2388.000 --> 2389.000]  It's great.
+[2389.000 --> 2390.000]  Sweet.
+[2390.000 --> 2391.000]  Yeah.
+[2391.000 --> 2393.480]  Looks like we don't have any other questions.
+[2393.480 --> 2395.440]  So that is all good.
+[2395.680 --> 2399.040]  Well, in that case, we will close it down for today.
+[2399.040 --> 2401.480]  Thank you so much, Ashley, for your webinar today.
+[2401.480 --> 2402.920]  It was fantastic.
+[2402.920 --> 2404.400]  And thank you everyone for joining us.
+[2404.400 --> 2408.640]  So it's lovely to see everybody who comes out to these webinars.
+[2408.640 --> 2409.560]  Have a great night, everyone.

transcript/webinar_1qFszZmua4I.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,803 @@
+[0.000 --> 8.880]  Welcome everybody to this webinar hosted by DefBlind Information Australia, which is a project
+[8.880 --> 17.440]  funded by the National Disability Insurance Agency. I'd like to start by welcoming everybody
+[17.440 --> 23.440]  and acknowledging the traditional owners of the various lands that we are meeting across this evening.
+[24.240 --> 30.640]  I am on the land of the Warundjeri and Weuerung people of the Kulin Nation and I'd like to
+[30.640 --> 39.680]  pay my respect to their elders past and present and also extend a warm welcome to any first nations
+[39.680 --> 45.440]  people that we have with us this evening. On Kulin Nation at the moment it's the season of
+[45.440 --> 51.360]  Pura Nite which is tadpole season. So I've been hearing a lot of frogs but yeah haven't seen any
+[51.440 --> 60.080]  tadpole. I'm now really delighted to introduce Steve Rose who is a highly skilled speech pathologist
+[60.080 --> 66.560]  and I'm lucky enough to have met at a few DefBlind conferences and also when he was working at
+[66.560 --> 74.160]  Sense UK. So I'll hand over to Steve who I know is going to give us a great session this evening.
+[74.160 --> 80.480]  It's a topic that people often request and get really stuck with and I know that Steve does a
+[80.480 --> 86.640]  wonderful job of explaining and breaking it down in a really meaningful way. He'll be talking to us this
+[86.640 --> 95.600]  evening about from emerging gestures to tactile sign language. So just one piece of housekeeping.
+[96.320 --> 106.000]  If you are wanting to use captions there are two options so you can go to the CC button at the
+[106.000 --> 114.800]  bottom of the page which says live transcript and click on show captions or in the chat there is a
+[114.800 --> 121.360]  link to the one cap up so you can click on that to get captions and adjust them according to your needs.
+[122.240 --> 129.200]  So I'll now hand over to Steve. Sorry one more piece of housekeeping. We also would encourage you
+[129.200 --> 135.520]  to ask questions as we go that using the Q and A button down the bottom we prefer people to use
+[135.520 --> 142.160]  the Q and A button rather than the comments or chat section and Steve will answer those
+[147.040 --> 152.640]  okay I'm pretty sure that's all the housekeeping and finally I now will hand over to you Steve thank you.
+[154.400 --> 162.240]  Thank you Mary and thank you also for asking me to join you this evening or this morning for me
+[163.120 --> 168.000]  it really is a pleasure to be here and to talk to you about something that I'm really interested in
+[168.000 --> 175.760]  but I also know that other people as Mary says are very interested and hopefully we will I'll talk
+[175.760 --> 179.920]  a bit of introduce myself in just a second but I just saw a little bit about what we're going to
+[179.920 --> 185.440]  talk about today and essentially we're going to break things down into three parts and we're going
+[185.440 --> 190.720]  to be exploring the emergence of gestures and language in the tactile mode so we're going to
+[190.720 --> 198.480]  think a little bit about what does make what would tactile language look like? What are the
+[198.480 --> 205.440]  components of that? We're going to think about how do we sort of explore and it mediate exchanges
+[205.440 --> 211.840]  and reciprocity to and taking. We'll also then come to the next section which is about how
+[211.840 --> 218.480]  emerging gestures and individual expressions relate to tactile sign language and then the last section
+[219.040 --> 226.240]  will be around concepts cultural expressions and cultural language so that's my plan for this morning
+[227.040 --> 236.080]  evening. So a little bit about me I am a speech language service or speech pathologist in your
+[236.080 --> 243.440]  area of the world. I really do have a strong, I consider this a sort of developmentalist really and
+[243.440 --> 250.800]  my emphasis is on children but not exclusively and a lot of my work I focus on the communicative
+[250.800 --> 256.080]  potential and how people relate to each other. I know I have a bit of a UK perspective
+[257.680 --> 262.480]  but hopefully there's enough here that shared that will kind of keep things broad enough to kind
+[262.480 --> 268.480]  of be common for you all. I also consider myself a seeker of knowledge and I say it's exactly
+[269.200 --> 274.080]  lifelong learning as far as from you know there are some great academics who've done lots of
+[274.080 --> 280.880]  research in this field and I'm always grateful for their research and their work but I'm very eager
+[280.880 --> 286.480]  to translate into that very academic thinking into more practical everyday work with people
+[287.360 --> 292.320]  and this image always reminds me that there's not all in it's two signs of the one-way street
+[293.440 --> 298.000]  you know there isn't always one way and I think that's quite helpful for us to thinking about how do we
+[298.640 --> 307.040]  understand the theory and put it into practice. And then finally I see myself as a curious
+[307.040 --> 313.440]  co-adventure and I say that's kind of having a deep wonder from my hearing side to perspective and
+[313.440 --> 318.800]  acknowledging that I have a hearing side to perspective but seeking to understand and explore
+[318.800 --> 324.000]  together with the children and people that I work with and thinking about over the last 25
+[324.000 --> 328.640]  years thinking of the number of different co-adventures I've been on with different young people
+[328.640 --> 333.200]  and each of those has taught me something and been very unique and individual.
+[336.000 --> 341.040]  So we're going to move on to section one so we're thinking about tactile language exploration
+[341.040 --> 345.040]  and mediation and I think about this as
+[345.840 --> 355.600]  tactile sign language what is it that there's so many bits that kind of form part of it and
+[356.960 --> 360.960]  if we just think about that first thing what tactile signage is actually quite a few terms that get
+[360.960 --> 367.680]  get used so in particularly in the UK we kind of have things like hands-on signing which is very
+[367.680 --> 372.320]  much the term of the deaf community and that's actually quite from a signing perspective it's hands
+[372.320 --> 378.640]  on hands-on and that's kind of where that sort of term comes from and the hands are placed
+[378.640 --> 385.840]  on top of the speakers hands and signs that felt whereas education lists in the UK tend to use
+[385.840 --> 390.160]  hand under hand signing and that very much has come from the influence of people like Barbara Miles
+[392.000 --> 394.720]  but they are talking about the same thing the hands are going on top of the
+[394.720 --> 400.400]  the listeners hands are going on top of the speakers hands and I think in the in there was a group
+[400.400 --> 406.400]  of educationists in the UK who so that's actually let's just call this tactile signing so that's
+[406.400 --> 414.880]  as a phrase gets used as well and then we also have co-active signing which I think is a slightly
+[414.880 --> 420.160]  different slightly different vision and as far as I see hands-on signing has been very much
+[421.440 --> 425.280]  the listeners hands are on top of the speakers hands and they're feeling the signs
+[425.280 --> 430.240]  whereas co-active sign as you can see in this little picture here the speaker is also help
+[430.240 --> 437.440]  in the partner to make a sign so they're actually kind of almost like correcting this so you can see
+[437.440 --> 441.840]  here that in the little picture they're kind of crossing fingers and it's just a hand guiding where
+[441.840 --> 446.800]  that hand position to go so it's kind of signs that are made together but with help from the other
+[446.800 --> 452.720]  partner is probably a helpful way to think of those so there is a kind of kind of kind of under
+[452.720 --> 457.920]  the umbrella of tactile sign language but then there are also other elements that form part of
+[457.920 --> 463.920]  this full language if you like and if you think about if we start thinking about Alphabet and we have
+[465.040 --> 471.120]  we have two Alphabet we have the deafblind manual alphabet which is where letters are
+[473.040 --> 477.440]  letters shapes are spoken I'll carry that on the hand of the listener so kind of here we've got
+[477.440 --> 483.760]  the kind of a the b the c and then you have the block alphabet which is where the letter shapes are
+[483.760 --> 488.800]  drawn into the palm of the hand so again there's two different areas different coming from different
+[488.800 --> 497.520]  groups of people but actually they both have a role I think in in various things and then there are
+[497.520 --> 502.000]  other bits which aren't necessarily quite strictly tactile sign language but they do kind of
+[502.000 --> 508.080]  bridge people into using tactile sign language and that's things like visual frame and close
+[508.080 --> 514.160]  signing so people's vision is changing they might start to use an adapted sign language
+[515.120 --> 520.880]  so where the signing space is reduced or an optimum distance from where a person can see so they're
+[520.880 --> 527.120]  making best use of the person's residual vision and then also there's a more physical transition
+[529.120 --> 536.960]  would be hand tracking where the listener places their hands on the wrists of the speaker and they
+[536.960 --> 543.440]  follow the signs and it also helps to bring those signs into that field of vision if you're still
+[543.440 --> 548.480]  relying on some form of visual sign as well so I think so I think although then it could have not
+[548.480 --> 554.000]  pure parts of tactile sign language I think they're definitely part of the continuum and definitely
+[554.000 --> 559.360]  part of how different people start to access tactile sign language and they're very much more for
+[559.360 --> 563.280]  people who've kind of requiring their deafblindness but I think there are some children who still
+[563.280 --> 568.320]  have some residual vision who still make use of these forms of signing as well
+[572.480 --> 575.920]  and then finally we kind of get a group of
+[578.960 --> 585.920]  cues signals making use of contact points and and so kind of you we have things that we'll
+[585.920 --> 589.840]  call on body signs where kind of the actual signs are made directly onto the body
+[590.320 --> 597.360]  and there's a more evolving group of kind of using social haptics and again there's kind of a
+[598.240 --> 603.200]  sort of on body signs has probably come from children's practice where social haptics has
+[603.200 --> 609.360]  possibly come from adult practice but actually social haptics are more likely to a beginning to be
+[609.360 --> 612.160]  used a lot more with children these days as well
+[612.240 --> 621.280]  a little bit of information and they can be quite formal so you might be describing a layout of a
+[621.280 --> 625.920]  room on someone's back or it might be that they're doing a very quick message that the cross here
+[625.920 --> 630.800]  on someone's back might be a kind of it's a fire alarm we need to move in emergency we need to move
+[630.800 --> 637.760]  kind of thing and then we also have just as another word that's out there a touch cues and touch
+[637.920 --> 642.480]  cues can be used very much as a way of giving information and I kind of separate touch cues out
+[642.480 --> 646.880]  just a little bit because they're very they're not very reciprocal they're very often just kind of
+[646.880 --> 651.440]  giving information to a person rather than being more of a two way interaction which the
+[651.440 --> 658.480]  on body and social haptics are so I think I've kind of very quickly covered some of these different
+[658.480 --> 665.200]  elements and I say this is about how do they all come together really and I try to sort of bring
+[665.200 --> 669.520]  together a bit of a vendiogram so I kind of if we think we kind of at the big the main bulk we
+[669.520 --> 673.920]  kind of might have people using tactile sign language but to use tactile sign language you also
+[673.920 --> 681.840]  need to be using some parts of the alphabet you also might be using some visual adaptations
+[681.840 --> 686.640]  as you're kind of making that transition or you might be using some hand tracking and then also
+[686.640 --> 691.120]  you might be using some contact points when you kind of are using some haptics some social haptics
+[691.200 --> 696.160]  or some on body signs and also and so I think the thing they're kind of putting it into a vendiogram
+[696.160 --> 704.560]  for me is that they're all part of the elements of making up tactile sign language but to confuse things
+[705.280 --> 710.480]  people might also use those systems as communication systems in their own right so it might be
+[710.480 --> 717.680]  that people might just use deflin manual or deflin block or hand tracking so it might be that kind of
+[717.680 --> 722.560]  people use these things as an individual as a as a communication system a way to communicate
+[722.560 --> 726.560]  on their own or it may be that they're part of a tactile sign language and I think these are the
+[726.560 --> 731.040]  words that kind of I come across a kind of beginning to confuse people because it's that what is it
+[731.040 --> 735.520]  tactile sign language or is it is it that they're using haptics and actually they're probably using a
+[735.520 --> 743.920]  bit of both and it's part of how do we bring that all together um so those are some initial thoughts
+[744.640 --> 748.880]  and then just how we seem to be going okay for interpreting or we're just going to do a quick change
+[748.880 --> 758.560]  over perfect and then I'll just because we just have a quick think about some communication
+[758.560 --> 765.520]  development and obviously there is quite a um there's quite a predictable path for communication
+[765.520 --> 771.040]  development and then kind of we think we we we describe these phases and stages quite significantly
+[771.920 --> 780.320]  and so our first stage is to is to think about the child is it was the begin to respond to people
+[780.320 --> 785.280]  events and what's happening and join you in those shared actions and responses and it's kind of
+[785.280 --> 790.640]  that that it's that first development of kind of you and I relationships it's how do we relate to
+[790.640 --> 795.360]  each other um it's sort of traditionally that might be called a kind of a pre intentional stage
+[795.440 --> 800.240]  of communication but as those kind of you and I relationships are established
+[802.640 --> 808.960]  the child begins to know how the other will respond and we begin to share things and also the child
+[808.960 --> 813.840]  can get the adult to do things so it's kind of beginning to kind of have more control and
+[813.840 --> 818.960]  more involved which is kind of that traditionally viewed as intentional stage um but it's also more
+[818.960 --> 824.560]  about kind of actually that you and I relationship and there's power in that relationship and we're
+[824.560 --> 830.160]  also beginning to think about a third element coming into those into that interaction so it's the
+[830.160 --> 837.200]  you the eye and the it coming into things and then we move into kind of what we're traditionally
+[837.200 --> 843.360]  called perhaps symbolic development so we're beginning to use some form of shared symbol whether
+[843.360 --> 851.840]  that's a gesture or word object or picture but we're using that to tell somebody else um what you
+[851.840 --> 856.880]  want or what you don't want and we have that shared code we know that those things that we're using
+[857.520 --> 864.240]  have meaning and we have shared meaning within those things and then as development advances we know
+[864.240 --> 869.440]  that you know putting those shared symbols together we're able to express more complex thoughts and
+[869.440 --> 875.680]  ideas and finally what not finally because it becomes a lifelong process really but it's kind of that
+[876.160 --> 882.560]  that shared symbolic development becomes very raw governed and systematic it can become more of a
+[882.560 --> 889.120]  linguistics more linguistics it has more of a language basis to it um but if we think about this
+[889.120 --> 894.080]  kind of traditional how does language and communication develop we also need to think about the
+[894.080 --> 899.680]  sticking points um for people who are deafblind and traditionally you know there's that sticking
+[899.680 --> 905.440]  point between moving into purposeful the you and I and then moving into the you and the I and the it
+[905.440 --> 910.960]  kind of relationships they're kind of recognizing that other we can relate to other people and get
+[910.960 --> 917.520]  other people to do and it do something else and there's also a sticking point of making that bridge
+[917.520 --> 922.960]  into using symbolic language of some description and that's what I've documented that there's kind of
+[922.960 --> 928.800]  it's that it's how do we share those objects in a way that's that's purposeful the meaningful and
+[928.800 --> 934.400]  you know what the how that might be and some people put it down to kind of thinking about the
+[934.400 --> 940.640]  difficulty in initiating those interactions some people think about it as kind of that that kind
+[940.640 --> 947.280]  of maugustal or kind of that that ecolalyic repetition of what I'm hearing sorry so hearing words
+[947.280 --> 953.840]  and repeating them to kind of ecolalyic um way that persists for a lot longer in deafblind children
+[953.840 --> 958.080]  or is it that children require more concrete communication systems and there's all sorts of
+[958.080 --> 963.040]  reasons as to why um these are sticking points but they're helpful for us to think about
+[965.200 --> 969.440]  so when we start to think a little bit about
+[972.480 --> 979.040]  it's complex tactile communication is big there's a lot to it it is complex so we want to sort of
+[979.040 --> 983.840]  start at that beginning bit of well how do we start to kind of let you know what's going on in the
+[983.840 --> 990.400]  world and we very much think about um how do we mediate those experiences and I want to show
+[990.960 --> 998.080]  a little video about some mediation and it's me with my with a friend of mine um just doing a
+[998.080 --> 1004.880]  modeling of how we might do some mediation of an experience and we're using a hand and a hand
+[1004.880 --> 1011.040]  approach so we're using we'll clarify those in a minute but what we're doing is is I'm not taking
+[1011.120 --> 1018.000]  my friend Bobby's hands to to do anything I'm just showing her by putting my hands underneath hers
+[1018.000 --> 1027.200]  and inviting her into my world and what I'm experiencing so here we have a short introduction
+[1032.000 --> 1040.240]  and I'm not going to show all of this video and here I'm just showing Bobby what we're going to do
+[1040.720 --> 1047.200]  and she takes she's quite confident and she explores herself and then I want to show her some
+[1047.200 --> 1053.440]  things as well but I've not taken her hands and put her hands in anything but is very carefully
+[1053.440 --> 1056.880]  put my hands under hers and help to show her what's happening
+[1060.400 --> 1066.800]  it's very patiently listening to what I'm doing some chance to explore for herself
+[1070.720 --> 1088.000]  and then it's about to get very messy but Bobby was very confident and she was quite happy to kind
+[1088.000 --> 1093.360]  of take these six minutes but not all children we might see might be so confident to sort of
+[1094.240 --> 1099.520]  explore something that's perhaps so unpredictable as as this kind of messy phone
+[1100.800 --> 1104.640]  I'm going to leave that there because we've had a bit of an idea of how we might mediate that
+[1105.120 --> 1111.680]  together so the hand underhand guidance very much and Barbara Miles has explained this very
+[1111.680 --> 1116.160]  clearly for us and it involves the partner placing their hands underneath the persons as they
+[1116.160 --> 1124.160]  manipulate and explore objects it helps because it's non-controlling it gives the power and the
+[1124.160 --> 1128.720]  control to the child and the deafblind person that we're working with it allows the persons
+[1128.720 --> 1133.120]  know that we're sharing the same experience and we touch the same object and we make sense of those
+[1133.120 --> 1139.440]  movements together and most importantly it doesn't obstruct the most important parts of the person's
+[1139.440 --> 1144.160]  own experience of any objects they're touching because they're in control and because they can
+[1144.160 --> 1147.680]  can use you saw Bobby she was actually able to come down and go actually I'll go and have
+[1147.680 --> 1153.040]  to go explore that by myself and then actually I was actually I want to show you a bit more so I
+[1153.040 --> 1158.720]  could put my hands back under and read our excerpt but it wasn't taking her hand and placing it in
+[1159.360 --> 1166.400]  and as you might do in a hand overhand guidance kind of way and there is a role for hand overhand
+[1166.400 --> 1171.920]  guidance but we would always suggest that it's used cautiously in sensitivity with the person's
+[1171.920 --> 1176.640]  reactions because some people just like having their hands manipulated and feel threatened by that
+[1176.640 --> 1183.440]  lack of control and it also can encourage others to become passive and quite prompt dependent because
+[1183.440 --> 1189.520]  if your hands are always done too you will never learn to use your hands independently they will always
+[1189.520 --> 1194.880]  you will always wait for the other person to take your hand to do something with it so I think it's
+[1194.880 --> 1200.960]  kind of it's very helpful to create that distinction between hand underhand and hand overhand
+[1202.000 --> 1209.200]  and and if we can kind of focus on the hand underhand it allows us to establish a firm basis for
+[1209.200 --> 1217.200]  mediation and it's that mediation that is really central to interactions shared experiences
+[1218.000 --> 1224.960]  and co-creating meaning so if we can get the mediation right it then allows us to move on to
+[1224.960 --> 1233.040]  some language or some some possibility of developing some sort of shared and use of gestures and
+[1233.040 --> 1241.520]  individual expressions which is our next part of the topic this making sense to everybody
+[1243.120 --> 1251.280]  I hope so so we're moving on to thinking about how do gestures emerge and what my individual
+[1251.280 --> 1254.560]  expressions look like thank you for the feedback people who are feeding back that's really
+[1254.640 --> 1262.560]  helpful and so we need to think except for a child who may be deflined or even an adult who may be
+[1262.560 --> 1269.040]  defiled where do those expressions come from what is it and then there's a very complex um
+[1270.240 --> 1276.720]  theoretical people I'm going to try and explain it quite simply um because I think it can be done
+[1276.720 --> 1282.160]  but I think I said that and and and a nashdad and inga rudbro who kind of written a lot around a lot
+[1282.240 --> 1288.640]  of this work um a great deep thinkers and have great respect for what they've done but and I think
+[1288.640 --> 1296.480]  it comes down to their model of um co-creating communication which helps us think about well how do
+[1296.480 --> 1302.800]  where do expressions come from and how do we create meaning with those expressions and their view is
+[1302.800 --> 1309.600]  that if we have social connectedness and recognition of each other we'll have that that emotional
+[1309.600 --> 1314.960]  connection so we kind of at the beginning we we are socially we're emotionally connected
+[1315.840 --> 1323.840]  and if we add on to that meaningful exploratory experiences so a way to in-displore to explore
+[1323.840 --> 1330.880]  either independently or in a mediated way and we maintain closeness and contact so actually
+[1330.880 --> 1335.440]  physically being close with each other because as soon as we've moved away from each other potentially
+[1335.520 --> 1341.120]  we don't exist anymore so but we maintain that physical contact
+[1343.440 --> 1347.920]  embed that within social interactions so those kind of you know even if it's just those the
+[1347.920 --> 1354.480]  you and I the hand-based games um and eventually that kind of the you i and something else the you
+[1354.480 --> 1363.040]  i and it interactions we're kind of having those proof early conversations based just in interaction
+[1363.680 --> 1371.200]  we're regulating terms with being together and that will lead to the emergence of
+[1371.920 --> 1376.880]  bodily emotional traces which i'll talk about in just a minute but they're kind of essentially
+[1376.880 --> 1384.000]  tactile memories um that kind of that that remain traces within the body and all of these things if
+[1384.000 --> 1392.400]  they're in place will lead to the child producing expressions the individual producing expressions
+[1392.400 --> 1398.960]  so being able to kind of share something about their experience that i'll come back to bodily
+[1398.960 --> 1406.560]  emotional traces which are very quickly cover um so it's a bet a bodily emotional trace
+[1406.560 --> 1411.200]  and they're tactile memories which emerge from within the body they might not be able to be seen
+[1412.000 --> 1418.080]  but they do give rise to expressions that could have what we call high readability in the context
+[1418.080 --> 1423.120]  of an event so within something that's happening we might see a child do something that we go
+[1423.120 --> 1430.080]  ah that's a that's a trace about the experience we've just had and what we do know is the
+[1430.080 --> 1437.920]  expressions that occur from traces it's possible to negotiate those and there is possible that they're
+[1437.920 --> 1443.920]  going to have personal meaning for the individual and it's likely that they'll be more they'll have
+[1444.880 --> 1448.000]  that's it i've just said it they'll have high readability we won't let you see them within the
+[1448.000 --> 1455.600]  context of the event i'll show you a video it's probably easier because we'll see it in the event
+[1455.600 --> 1460.480]  because it's got the context and the experience around it so i'm going to show you a little video
+[1462.320 --> 1469.840]  about a little girl um who's 18 months old with charge syndrome um and she has a severe sight
+[1470.000 --> 1476.400]  impairment reduced visual fields and some light sensitivity and she has no hearing
+[1477.120 --> 1486.320]  she's profound sensory neural hearing loss but this video shows the girl and perhaps one of her early
+[1486.320 --> 1493.760]  traces and when she is reading a book and i think she's she'll be books in her own way which you will
+[1493.760 --> 1498.320]  see i'll give you a couple of minutes to see how she likes to play with books and then she does a
+[1498.320 --> 1502.400]  there's a there's a gesture which we're going to look at in just a minute which is the expression
+[1502.960 --> 1507.200]  potentially of what she's been seeing so let's have a look and see if you can spot
+[1529.200 --> 1542.000]  and there that little hand gesture was that about that thing that was on my head that book
+[1543.200 --> 1549.040]  we know it's a book but she's kind of she has been exploring it and she has been seeing it
+[1549.040 --> 1555.360]  but most of her experience has been around hiding herself under the book and revealing herself so
+[1555.360 --> 1560.960]  actually that hand gesture it's the thing that i have here is is that is that the kind of the
+[1560.960 --> 1571.120]  expression of that's linked to that is that what it is so on its own and out of context without
+[1571.120 --> 1577.440]  seeing books we wouldn't recognize this as being a gesture related to books but if you see her
+[1577.440 --> 1583.360]  playing with books and see how she plays with books we have more context to make sense of how she's
+[1583.360 --> 1590.640]  doing and it's that difference between our hearing cited perspective of what we do with books
+[1590.640 --> 1597.280]  versus her experience of books so it's that little hand gesture is potentially where we are
+[1598.480 --> 1602.880]  okay i'm looking at time and i'm going to keep going so i'm going to move on to another potential
+[1603.680 --> 1609.920]  this is another little boy and he's a little boy with nori's disease and he has no like perception
+[1610.080 --> 1617.040]  or useful vision he has some hearing but it's it's been declining and changing and but and he does
+[1617.040 --> 1623.200]  where he's hearing aids which he's wearing here and he does pick up on certain words but when
+[1623.840 --> 1630.240]  this video was made by his mum and his mum also has a bit of a a Facebook group and this was
+[1630.240 --> 1633.840]  one of the videos that she put on her Facebook group and i said i really like this video could you
+[1633.840 --> 1638.880]  could you share it with me but that's why we've got some other text over the top
+[1639.520 --> 1645.520]  but mum was very interested in kind of oh these are kind of how he's he's he's stim he's stimming
+[1645.520 --> 1651.040]  where she's got his rice cake but let's watch these how he explores the rice cake
+[1651.040 --> 1657.680]  he's tactile exploration and also then how that might come out as an expression as an expression
+[1658.560 --> 1663.680]  sorry thank you and tempered then he's just kind of using his fingers
+[1663.760 --> 1670.400]  to explore the shape of the hand of the other texture and that the crevices of the rice cake
+[1678.720 --> 1680.240]  he's got some hand movements
+[1685.680 --> 1688.640]  and then he's testing it against his hand that's his palm
+[1688.720 --> 1696.240]  and then he's got that underneath his fingers just did this and his fingers are doing this
+[1702.480 --> 1708.720]  there was just a little was it a testing and a C set shape hand so are those kind of
+[1710.720 --> 1715.120]  oops where's it gone there we go so we kind of he's kind of his impressions of kind of as he's
+[1715.120 --> 1722.400]  exploring where he's kind of testing and feeling crevices and then bashing and then there's
+[1722.400 --> 1727.200]  almost like a thinking trace or gesture where he's kind of he's just doing this with his fingers
+[1727.200 --> 1731.600]  holding it in one hand and he's thinking and he's that kind of a thought of I'm thinking about
+[1731.600 --> 1737.200]  the rice cake that I've just had and again on its own it wouldn't have meaning but actually in the
+[1737.200 --> 1744.720]  context of seeing him do it we see that there's there's more meaning there okay so these expressions
+[1746.000 --> 1751.360]  or the gestures that originate as bets have high meaning potential and those gestures can become
+[1751.360 --> 1758.480]  signs when they're taken over by the partner so the other within this relationship we can we can imitate
+[1759.040 --> 1764.720]  because that's potentially how it happens we can then kind of help create meaning so it's a transition
+[1764.720 --> 1770.160]  from kind of something that emerges as a kind of a gesture and a thinking element to becoming meaningful
+[1770.640 --> 1780.000]  and and having that symbolic shared understanding and there is a process which is quite a complex
+[1780.000 --> 1787.760]  process but actually it can be thought of in quite a simple way and it's one that I hold in my
+[1787.760 --> 1793.120]  head quite often when I'm working with children is thinking of so the first point is the child needs
+[1793.120 --> 1799.280]  and motivating and tactfully memorable activity so they need their experience they need something
+[1799.280 --> 1804.400]  so whether that's really playing with the books or come and his rice cake there's something that's
+[1804.400 --> 1812.480]  tactfully memorable about those activities there's then some sort of expression which kind of comes
+[1812.480 --> 1818.400]  as a movement what sound that is perceived like an utterance so that is kind of you know that the
+[1818.400 --> 1824.800]  child does their tapping texture or their hand gesture and then as the partner we need to confirm
+[1824.880 --> 1829.760]  that we perceive that movement and we recognise that it's an utterance so if I saw can do this or I
+[1829.760 --> 1836.240]  saw Ruby do this I'd kind of suggest an interpretation by doing the same movement so I'd do the same
+[1836.240 --> 1842.320]  movement on the child's head so I might just tap Ruby's head or I might tap cam's fingers to go yes I
+[1842.320 --> 1849.600]  see and is this what you mean and then give a turn back to the child to either accept or reject
+[1849.600 --> 1854.560]  and you know it could be Ruby just double tapping again it could be cam tapping these fingers again
+[1854.560 --> 1859.440]  or it could be a rejection and I don't do that so you kind of have this sequence of kind of
+[1859.440 --> 1868.800]  there's experience utterance confirmation interpretation and acceptance of rejection and I know
+[1868.800 --> 1877.200]  that sounds quite a lot but it's a helpful way of thinking about how do these turns take place
+[1877.200 --> 1882.880]  in interaction so I'm just going to show a video and I think this might be quite a noisy video I
+[1882.880 --> 1887.520]  hope if I turn the sound down I hope I have and we're playing with it this is part of a longer
+[1887.520 --> 1896.240]  sequence where we're playing with a massage bug I hope that's okay that's a sound it's quite
+[1896.240 --> 1901.120]  vibrating on the tray top but but Ruby's here and she has her little finger that comes out as part
+[1901.120 --> 1908.880]  of her experience and she's and then I turn off the boat and I'm just hoping that she's going to
+[1908.880 --> 1913.280]  come back to us for more and she brings her hand back and she puts her hand up and I tap her
+[1913.280 --> 1920.800]  finger and she grabs it so we've kind of got that little turn where she's putting her finger up
+[1921.680 --> 1927.600]  I'm saying I see your finger she's going yes you do that's what I want and then we have a talk
+[1927.600 --> 1933.440]  so we're kind of getting that whole sequence coming through of negotiating that my finger coming
+[1933.600 --> 1940.240]  up is a way of saying I want more of that thing so we're just giving her the means to say I see what
+[1940.240 --> 1945.920]  your finger did we're going to use your finger to ask some more and she says yes I will ask for more
+[1946.640 --> 1953.440]  so it becomes a really nice dialogue and a really nice way of kind of going I want in these very
+[1953.440 --> 1957.520]  early stages I want more of something which is really helpful
+[1957.600 --> 1965.120]  good situation pictures so again we kind of she she experiences it she presents her movement
+[1965.120 --> 1972.320]  which is her finger I confirm that I see that movement by touching and I think I double tap her
+[1972.320 --> 1978.880]  finger so that's my suggestion and then she gives a turn and she accepts that by grabbing my finger
+[1978.880 --> 1984.320]  and we have reached essentially negotiation around meaning of bringing my finger back
+[1987.680 --> 1992.640]  it's helpful and it's a way of thinking or I think in the past when I've worked with kids and
+[1992.640 --> 1995.840]  I'm just looking for something to let me know that you want more of something
+[1996.640 --> 2001.280]  which is great but unless you put that confirmation step in of going this is what I'm reacting to
+[2001.760 --> 2006.320]  you're not giving the child the feedback about what it is that you're responding to
+[2006.320 --> 2011.360]  and it helps make it picking up that me creating of meaning much quicker
+[2012.400 --> 2016.960]  rather than just waiting for children to work out what it is that we've responded to as hearing
+[2016.960 --> 2022.960]  cited adults to then kind of allow them to get more of what they want so I find it quite a helpful
+[2022.960 --> 2030.320]  process and this is bringing us oh this is doing quite nicely for times that's good and it's bringing
+[2030.320 --> 2035.520]  us to the end of this section so we've thought a little bit around gestures how do gestures where
+[2035.520 --> 2042.080]  do they come from how do we help them make meaning how do we negotiate them and it brings us back
+[2042.080 --> 2048.000]  to kind of the end the main question I think of this section which if we need to hold in our
+[2048.000 --> 2056.080]  minds how do I let you know that I know what you know and it is a really helpful little mantra
+[2056.080 --> 2062.080]  that's been around for a little while but it's it's it's it's what we as hearing cited partners
+[2062.080 --> 2068.480]  letting deaf blind people know that we know that what they know because it helps us come together
+[2068.480 --> 2073.200]  and establish share meaning doesn't it it's the bit of kind of if we can think this through
+[2074.240 --> 2080.480]  how do we know how does Ruby know that I know that this means book how does Cam know that this
+[2080.480 --> 2086.880]  I know that this means rice cake or how does Ruby know that this means I want more massage book
+[2086.880 --> 2093.600]  and it's linked through that negotiation process and how we link together is how we is is can be really
+[2093.600 --> 2105.600]  really powerful fantastic so that's the end of section two so we're coming on to our last
+[2105.600 --> 2112.800]  section I just said it was in three parts and so we're thinking a little bit around concepts cultural
+[2112.800 --> 2121.200]  expressions and exchanges and so as we're thinking about well how do we move from these emergent
+[2121.200 --> 2128.000]  gestures which have got meaning our kind of our early first words stage into a full language
+[2128.000 --> 2133.840]  and I think we need to recognize that as we move towards what we might call the cultural language
+[2133.840 --> 2141.360]  and that could be for me that would be British sign language maybe Oslan it may be the kind of
+[2141.360 --> 2146.400]  the community language the community sign language is what we're kind of thinking about when I'm talking
+[2146.400 --> 2155.760]  about the cultural language and poor heart talks about that it is essential to incorporate the
+[2155.760 --> 2161.520]  movements and gestures that come from the person who's declined which is what we've talked about
+[2161.520 --> 2168.400]  the kind of the movements and gestures of Ruby and Cam however this is not sufficient for language
+[2168.400 --> 2174.560]  to emerge on its own because it's also essential that the non-deft lined partners bring their own
+[2174.640 --> 2183.040]  cultural and linguistic experiences directly to any communicative meeting place so it's about
+[2183.760 --> 2190.960]  that we need to you know children deafblind people will bring their movements and gestures
+[2190.960 --> 2196.320]  which have the potential for meaning and they can teach us so much about what it is to experience
+[2196.320 --> 2202.720]  the world in a tactile way whereas if we want to reach a cultural app we also need cultural and
+[2202.720 --> 2208.080]  linguistic experience we need more of a language coming into us and very often that's based on
+[2208.080 --> 2214.720]  the visual language and I know there is some emerging work coming out of America of kind of emerging
+[2216.160 --> 2221.920]  emerging tactile signs but I think it's about how do we bring both of those together to a
+[2221.920 --> 2226.960]  communicative meeting place and I love the concept of the communicative meeting place because it sort of
+[2226.960 --> 2232.960]  says that both partners are bringing something to the party we're both you know we're both bringing
+[2232.960 --> 2238.000]  something that is helpful here and that's where we're going to get those shared interactions and
+[2238.000 --> 2243.600]  shared meaning and shared language is going to come from and I'll come back to that towards the
+[2243.600 --> 2250.800]  end but I want to think about well what is it that makes something a sign and not a gesture
+[2251.680 --> 2259.440]  and if we look at the theory of visual sign languages they when in the study of visual
+[2259.440 --> 2264.720]  sign languages when we're looking at what is it that makes something a sign we look for a number
+[2264.720 --> 2272.240]  of things we look for their being movement we look for their being a hand shape so some kind of
+[2272.240 --> 2279.920]  form of hand form we look for their being a facial expression we also look for that
+[2279.920 --> 2284.640]  hand shape and movement to be located so we look for the location of the sign
+[2285.360 --> 2291.120]  within a signing space and we look for palm orientation so kind of how that
+[2292.000 --> 2298.800]  hand is orientated in space and those are the things if we can describe those five features
+[2298.800 --> 2304.880]  is what we would consider a sign and there's been some emerging work of kind of how do we describe
+[2304.960 --> 2311.440]  some of these tactile signs and there was some work by Yoran Porsgren who and colleagues
+[2311.440 --> 2317.600]  who looked at they did analysis of some very early tactile signs and looking at the
+[2317.600 --> 2323.440]  cordum constructions but they are signs and the things that they had in common that the
+[2323.440 --> 2329.680]  linguistic elements in tactile were that there was a hand shape there was a movement and there
+[2329.680 --> 2335.600]  was a location and it's not to say that palm orientation isn't important but there might not
+[2335.600 --> 2341.120]  be facial expression but these are the things that came out of their their analysis and some really
+[2341.120 --> 2346.400]  helpful piece of work around looking at different sorts of signs and where those different signs
+[2346.400 --> 2354.720]  come from but I wanted to start thinking a little bit about well what is that journey for moving
+[2354.800 --> 2362.000]  and towards using more more signs if you like and I've got a number of video clips that I hope
+[2362.960 --> 2368.880]  expand and show some of these different parts of the the language journey and we're going to
+[2368.880 --> 2376.960]  go back to the little girl that we saw at the beginning and she's a bit older at this point she's
+[2376.960 --> 2384.160]  four and a half and she is engaged in she's beginning to use her vision a little bit more but it's
+[2384.160 --> 2392.320]  interesting to see how she's still relying on tactile to support her signing and I can just see
+[2392.320 --> 2399.120]  here she's playing with a little whisking game and she knows and and that the the colleague there
+[2399.120 --> 2404.240]  who's working with her just modeled to the you know model the the the cultural BSL sign for more
+[2404.880 --> 2406.000]  she did a more sign
+[2406.080 --> 2412.960]  she knows it's a very tactile experience in your fingers
+[2422.960 --> 2427.120]  and that the opposite hands and signs again but she's kind of listening and she's kind of bringing
+[2427.120 --> 2432.880]  those hands together so she's kind of we know these hands do something and that's how I get what I
+[2432.880 --> 2433.600]  want more of
+[2438.320 --> 2440.480]  the chat in that kind of the video I'm afraid
+[2440.480 --> 2448.080]  you
+[2462.880 --> 2468.880]  just putting it in her hand and then again so there she was really listening really nicely to that to
+[2468.960 --> 2479.520]  that final side so that's great so so there we have oops hang on oh no there we go a few I had
+[2479.520 --> 2486.320]  little worrying dot and I wondered what I was going to do so we have more whisking as the and
+[2486.320 --> 2490.960]  it's she's only using you know but she's she's not using a very individualized sign she's not using
+[2490.960 --> 2497.360]  a grasp of the the whisk to show something about the tactile experience she's actually moved on
+[2497.360 --> 2503.200]  a little bit here and it's beginning to use a more sign that we've been sharing her as well so
+[2503.200 --> 2510.080]  initially she kind of the in this first image and you'll see that the the therapist who's working
+[2510.080 --> 2515.200]  with her is actually kind of really leading that and really sort of having to work hard to get her
+[2515.200 --> 2520.640]  hands in at the second time Ruby's kind of grasping and she's bringing her hands together and then
+[2520.640 --> 2525.280]  the third time she's actually more of a listening position and she's she's doing that and she's still
+[2525.360 --> 2531.600]  using those listening hands she's still she's kind of having it she's not strictly using talking
+[2531.600 --> 2535.840]  and listening hands in how we might describe it because she's sometimes grasping and sometimes
+[2535.840 --> 2541.360]  but she's beginning to kind of recognise that that's how those signs are emerging and that her hands
+[2541.360 --> 2547.360]  do carry meaning and that there is that's a new person that she's working with not her usual
+[2547.360 --> 2552.880]  intervener and she's managed to transfer that from a different experience which is really positive
+[2553.280 --> 2559.120]  and then we also have another little video of of Cam and he's a little bit older here and he's
+[2559.120 --> 2569.760]  been introduced to some some body signs and so he's been using a hand tap but he's been given a
+[2569.760 --> 2577.520]  hand to tap for more and he's been given a touch on his face to indicate eating and I really
+[2577.520 --> 2581.760]  like it because it's beginning to show that actually he's beginning to combine a couple of signs
+[2583.440 --> 2590.560]  oops I wonder if oh there we go there we go so that was very quick I might have to replay that
+[2590.560 --> 2597.280]  sorry so the hands out is a quick tap for the more and that the intervener quickly helps to guide
+[2597.280 --> 2603.280]  his she and he taps his face and so he gets more of his snack so she's kind of scaffolded we're
+[2603.360 --> 2615.280]  going to do we want two signs here and he's not ready to have his face stroke past his eating turns
+[2615.280 --> 2619.280]  away rather abruptly
+[2619.280 --> 2635.520]  and then she turns a quick tap and then he uses other hands to independently tap more I'll show
+[2635.520 --> 2644.560]  you in some stills in just a second so so here we have a number so the first time in this sequence
+[2645.040 --> 2653.200]  so from the left these left two pictures he uses he does his tap in the hand to indicate more
+[2653.760 --> 2659.600]  and then he uses his other hand it's kind of a guided kind of oh we're going to do more and he does
+[2659.600 --> 2668.720]  that but the second time he does it more spontaneously so he taps for more in in his intervener's hand
+[2668.720 --> 2673.360]  and then he does a little double tap on his cheek quite spontaneously with his other hand but what I
+[2673.360 --> 2680.640]  really liked in the third photo the third bit I'm not the photophen most on the right there was that he
+[2681.520 --> 2686.640]  the intervener confirms that she saw his his eating sign by just sort of tapping the back of his
+[2686.640 --> 2691.680]  hand like oh yeah you said he I saw that and obviously he got what he wanted which was more sick
+[2691.680 --> 2698.160]  so it's a really lovely little little sequence of beginning to kind of bring two signs together
+[2698.240 --> 2704.480]  in in a in a tactile way and again it's sort of focusing on some of those very early concepts of
+[2704.480 --> 2713.920]  requesting as the starting point for for kind of initiating interactions and then finally my
+[2713.920 --> 2724.720]  final example of tactile sign language and I'm really appreciative of so this is a published
+[2725.200 --> 2730.640]  video and it may be one that people have seen but I do think it's a really lovely example
+[2732.480 --> 2739.120]  of someone who's congenital deafblindness who's who's using tactile sign to explore and experience
+[2740.480 --> 2747.040]  but also to recount and think about that experience afterwards and Guna who's the guy here
+[2747.040 --> 2751.840]  who's signing his Guna and he's given his permission to use this video which was really grateful for
+[2752.800 --> 2758.400]  and he's he's also worked it still intact with with Ingrid and the permission for her to be to be
+[2758.400 --> 2765.520]  involved so Ingrid in this video is is 24 she's been blind from childhood and doesn't wear hearing aids
+[2765.520 --> 2773.280]  and congenital deafness and Ingrid and Guna have had a really long relationship he'd been her
+[2773.280 --> 2779.600]  teacher for a number of years by this point and and it's fair to say that Guna has had set this
+[2782.240 --> 2791.520]  in a very memorable tactile memorable experience that we could lead to language and support in
+[2791.520 --> 2799.600]  in in a way that was really meaningful so so it's set within narrative structure so a story
+[2799.600 --> 2806.400]  structure and there's kind of getting to where we are but there's kind of the events that happen
+[2806.480 --> 2813.280]  and they happen in sequence and so let's play it's quite long but I and it's a Norwegian
+[2814.560 --> 2822.000]  blip so they are speaking Norwegian as well as using Norwegian sign language and I will give
+[2822.000 --> 2825.440]  some voiceover to some of the but it's
+[2829.840 --> 2836.160]  a lot of what the interaction is being said I think just knowing that this is Guna is quite helpful
+[2836.640 --> 2843.520]  and I think everything else is around fishing and they're they're
+[2844.240 --> 2848.160]  and crab fishing on the on the dock so talking about
+[2854.640 --> 2862.880]  so the crabs are down on the on the floor and he says Guna you can like crab I feel like
+[2862.960 --> 2868.240]  crab is going to go up my arm I'm going to pull my sleeve up help me pull my sleeve up and she
+[2868.240 --> 2875.440]  pushes up his sleeve and he has the crab and it's going to run out my arm he says Guna and the crab
+[2875.440 --> 2880.400]  is going to run out my arm up it goes and she's feeding the crab and she's feeding his arm
+[2880.960 --> 2885.680]  and in other hand she's just checking where he where he's saying anything and he puts it back
+[2885.680 --> 2891.600]  into hand he says Guna we have the crab and it went up my arm even now we're going to pop it back
+[2891.680 --> 2897.280]  in the bucket the bucket is down here she drops it unceremoniously into the bucket
+[2899.840 --> 2905.360]  and explains that they're now going to get another crab and when it's down here we're going to put
+[2905.360 --> 2911.440]  it in your hand he said so pick up a crab
+[2916.560 --> 2920.080]  he says we're going to put up your arms we need to roll up your sleeve I want to help
+[2920.080 --> 2923.280]  me roll up your sleeve we'll do it together
+[2928.320 --> 2937.040]  and here's the crab and he helps guide it up around another face so it's quite a lot at this
+[2937.040 --> 2942.080]  point I'm not sure she's overly impressed but he then recaps with her yes so what we took the
+[2942.080 --> 2948.400]  crab and we ran it up your arm and you felt it we could do it again here we go it comes the crab
+[2949.200 --> 2951.120]  here it comes open your palm
+[2954.080 --> 2957.120]  it goes up
+[2960.080 --> 2966.480]  he says look it's here it's here she says yes it went up my arm yet the crab went up my arm so they've
+[2966.480 --> 2972.000]  switched turns there and now he says are we going to pop the crab back in the bucket down it goes
+[2972.880 --> 2976.880]  so they put the crab down and now this is the next element which is a really cap
+[2977.840 --> 2982.640]  and she says the crab went up my arm he says yes we have the crab and you've felt it in your hand
+[2983.200 --> 2987.360]  what happened she says it went up my arm he says yes the crab went up your arm
+[2988.000 --> 2993.520]  so you can see the crab and it went up and then she says yeah and then it fell down it fell
+[2993.520 --> 2999.840]  down off my arm it says yeah the crab and it went down it went on the on the ground
+[2999.920 --> 3012.400]  and we picked it up we picked it up like this and you held it in your hand and you felt it
+[3012.400 --> 3018.240]  as yet I felt it and it went up my arm he says yeah the crab went up my arm so it's a very repetitive
+[3018.800 --> 3025.920]  story of a very tactile experience and you can see they're taking turns and they're both taking part
+[3026.560 --> 3033.680]  in in a second just to pause that for a sec so they're both taking part in the story in the
+[3033.680 --> 3039.520]  moment they're both took part in the interaction or sorry start that again at the beginning they both
+[3039.520 --> 3044.480]  took part in the experience they both took a turn and they talked about that experience they
+[3044.480 --> 3049.360]  talked about it during the experience and then when the experience had finished they talked about
+[3049.360 --> 3055.600]  it again so there was a recap of that experience so it's the next stage and then this store
+[3056.080 --> 3062.720]  you saw I think there's some really beautiful taking of turns between shifting between hand
+[3062.720 --> 3068.560]  positions and that's where we link back to that mediation and mediation being the foundation it's
+[3068.560 --> 3075.440]  that hands under hands over listening sharing comes straight into the interaction and it comes
+[3075.440 --> 3080.480]  straight into think about how do we take turns when we're signing and they both took turns in that
+[3080.480 --> 3087.040]  interaction Guna was giving some information and Ingrid was recalling that interact information
+[3087.040 --> 3093.040]  and talking about it with him and then finally we get on to this last chunk of the video it's very
+[3093.040 --> 3103.440]  short but what it does do is it is the same experience recalled the next day and I think if you
+[3103.440 --> 3109.520]  were able to notice Ingrid's facial expression which was very stern she had a bottom lip out and she
+[3109.520 --> 3115.920]  looked quite didn't particularly look like she was enjoying the crabs on her arm and feeding them
+[3115.920 --> 3121.120]  out her arm but I think here we can see actually although in the moment she might not have felt it
+[3121.840 --> 3128.000]  her emotion thinking about it is very different so we can see here they're talking
+[3128.080 --> 3141.200]  in the big smile on her face as he recognizes that the crab went up your arm he said he said yes
+[3141.200 --> 3148.080]  today we picked up the crabs you held them in your hand you felt them and she says and they went
+[3148.080 --> 3152.640]  up my arm and he says yeah they went up your arm yeah and he's got the excitement
+[3152.880 --> 3163.760]  in that relation with that beaming smile on her face he said then we picked it up again and we held the
+[3163.760 --> 3170.000]  crab we held the crab and the crab went up my arm and it's a really joyful exchange and a joyful
+[3170.000 --> 3177.280]  experience thinking about what they're done yesterday and we've also got that same structure of the
+[3177.280 --> 3182.160]  very repetitive nature of this the beginning of picking the crabs out the bucket holding them in
+[3182.160 --> 3188.000]  your hand going up your arm it's tactially memorable so we've created the opportunities for some
+[3188.000 --> 3193.680]  of those bodily emotional traces to be there and yet they're able to sit there and have that
+[3193.680 --> 3200.240]  conversation that two-way interaction thinking around that significant event that happened and so
+[3200.240 --> 3205.520]  it is a way of just seeing that that progress of how language evolves and develops and
+[3206.800 --> 3211.280]  by giving language will come onto that in a minute we'll get language and I think the
+[3211.920 --> 3219.440]  the other thing just to mention is I just think hopefully they're really helpful examples
+[3219.440 --> 3226.560]  of thinking about videos of how language the path of kind of language development in a tactile
+[3226.560 --> 3231.760]  mode I do just want to talk very quickly about that there are transitions in language between
+[3231.760 --> 3236.400]  first and second language and I think there are different transitions depending on the nature of
+[3236.400 --> 3244.640]  deafblindness but I think on the left here we have perhaps a transition from people who
+[3244.640 --> 3249.600]  can generously deafblind have born deafblind where they may have an emerging bodily tactile
+[3249.600 --> 3255.040]  modality so thinking around some of those bets coming out and and they have to make a transition
+[3256.960 --> 3260.960]  to the cultural sign language in the in the tactile mode so you're kind of thinking
+[3261.680 --> 3266.000]  if their first language might be something which is more bodily and more about how I experience
+[3266.000 --> 3272.000]  the world in a language way within my body where it's actually that that's their first language
+[3272.000 --> 3278.240]  and we're moving towards more of a cultural sign language of a tactile version of BSL, Oslan, whatever
+[3280.080 --> 3284.960]  whereas actually people who've got a quiet deafblindness they perhaps have got cultural they've
+[3284.960 --> 3288.960]  got the knowledge of a cultural sign language in the visual mode and actually what they need to do
+[3288.960 --> 3293.200]  is make that transition to tactile sign language in a tactile mode so it's a slightly different
+[3293.200 --> 3298.640]  transition but there's also still two languages in that in that transition to make so I think whoever
+[3298.640 --> 3303.280]  we're working with and I know we've predominantly talked about people with congenital deafblindness
+[3303.280 --> 3308.960]  today and it's worth recognizing that there's still kind of essentially two two elements of language
+[3308.960 --> 3314.320]  coming in there's what it's kind of is felt within the body and then what kind of the cultural
+[3314.320 --> 3320.800]  language might be and I think that's quite a helpful thing to hold in my mind and then it kind of
+[3320.800 --> 3326.400]  brings me to my probably nearly my final couple of slides and I think one of the things that I've
+[3326.400 --> 3331.840]  kind of come to recognize is that if we meet language if we're thinking of languages that broad
+[3332.640 --> 3337.920]  or spectrum and including tactile modality and cultural sign languages if we meet language with
+[3337.920 --> 3344.720]  language it offers the potential for growth within that community meeting place and that gives
+[3344.720 --> 3349.920]  that new talent new talent new talentity sorry I didn't say the word I written the mutual
+[3349.920 --> 3355.200]  be shared by both partners so what I'm saying is if we meet language with language we got that
+[3355.200 --> 3360.720]  potential growth in that meeting place to be to be together by both of us because we're both
+[3360.720 --> 3367.360]  bringing something to the community meeting place as Paul said and and we're both kind of you know by
+[3367.760 --> 3375.360]  we we provide that opportunity for growth and development if we recognize it respect it look for
+[3375.360 --> 3383.920]  it and feed it meaning it's that meeting language with language I think that's bringing me to the end
+[3383.920 --> 3391.680]  and I'm just going to do one little plug and some of the thoughts and concepts I've put into a
+[3391.680 --> 3396.480]  piece of work called a framework for learners developing bodily tactile communication and tactile
+[3396.480 --> 3402.960]  sign language such a snappy title which is available and you can download on my website there's a
+[3402.960 --> 3409.040]  it looks like this if you follow the bitly so it's bitly forward slash tactile project and you can get
+[3409.040 --> 3415.520]  it's a developmental framework for thinking around taking some of the conceptual theory of how
+[3417.280 --> 3423.920]  tactile language emerges and develops in learners who are deafblind but also puts it in a
+[3423.920 --> 3429.040]  developmental perspective so hoping to bring all of those things together and so yes that would
+[3429.040 --> 3436.320]  take you to my website and you can download it by joining the project and so that's my little plug
+[3437.360 --> 3445.840]  then I think I've reached the end I just want to thank Leanne and Jeremy for keeping up with the
+[3446.480 --> 3455.440]  the signing but I think that reaches the end but I will also yeah now I'll pin it up for questions
+[3455.440 --> 3461.440]  no I don't see any questions yep some have come through that's great and I thought still as always
+[3461.440 --> 3465.280]  it was so brilliant I'm sure everyone's been hanging off your every word they've been to
+[3465.280 --> 3473.120]  transphix to talk any question so we have a question here let me just have a look
+[3473.760 --> 3481.520]  um it says I feel like I've gone through a transformation over the last 10 years
+[3483.280 --> 3492.480]  that has allowed me to be a more natural storyteller whether it be a sequence event or a BET
+[3492.480 --> 3502.960]  a bodily emotional trace as a story um of this moment wondering about others to move into the
+[3502.960 --> 3510.880]  narrative frame of reference just let me get my head around this wondering about others to move
+[3510.880 --> 3522.000]  into the narrative frame of reference we do we share we finish we share again everything can
+[3522.080 --> 3532.320]  become a story does that it's yes I think it's it's thank you Sheridan um and she's also
+[3532.320 --> 3537.120]  added a further comment Mary about supporting others to do it and I absolutely agree I mean
+[3538.880 --> 3550.160]  I completely agree is what narratives are so powerful um and um and I think it's
+[3552.080 --> 3557.120]  you're right it's that bit of just to say we do we share we finish we share again and everything
+[3557.120 --> 3563.200]  becomes a story and I think that the using narratives as a framework for thinking about what we're
+[3563.200 --> 3569.440]  doing I would agree that you're saying you're wondering about how do we support others to move I
+[3569.440 --> 3572.880]  think you're saying wondering about how do we support others to move into the narrative frame of
+[3572.880 --> 3581.120]  reference um and I think it's a tricky one but I think it's it's one that we should do and I think
+[3581.200 --> 3589.600]  it offers us so much potential and I think Ingredin Gunner show um just I think he's a really
+[3589.600 --> 3594.960]  clear example of use of using a narrative structure of kind of doing sharing finishing sharing
+[3594.960 --> 3600.880]  again and it's just sort of the power that that has in that sharing of just seeing how amazing
+[3602.240 --> 3607.920]  the first time we saw Ingred we saw her kind of go almost quite worried expression on her face
+[3607.920 --> 3612.720]  but actually when you see her recalling it you can see the joy of the emotion that's there and is
+[3612.720 --> 3619.280]  that just because she's being heard and recognised or is it she's remembering the joy of the experience
+[3619.280 --> 3625.200]  and we won't know but it's kind of it is wonderful to sort of see how that narrative structure
+[3625.200 --> 3633.600]  has allowed that communication to take place and I think it's definitely something to adopt and
+[3633.760 --> 3641.920]  be thinking for in another thing how do we do it if that's part of your question um I think it's kind of
+[3643.680 --> 3651.520]  I'm not really sure oh I think it's providing examples and talking people to through people
+[3651.520 --> 3656.160]  scaffolding it and thinking about how to do it so maybe it's a very you know Gunner says very openly
+[3656.720 --> 3663.360]  that that into that story structure was purposeful it was intentional and it was planned um so I
+[3663.360 --> 3668.480]  think it's thinking about how do we plan that and how do we help people to plan that in a way of
+[3668.480 --> 3673.840]  you know if we think about people in schools or in services people very often want something to do
+[3674.480 --> 3680.640]  and perhaps a narrative structure and thinking about a narrative rather than a vocabulary goal or
+[3680.640 --> 3686.560]  a whatever goal maybe thinking about a narrative goal might help people to adopt some of that and
+[3686.560 --> 3690.640]  put that into practice I don't know if I've answered your question Sheridan
+[3690.960 --> 3700.080]  it's merited speaking I think that is a really great answer Steve and I I mean I'm also thinking
+[3700.080 --> 3705.280]  about it the DBI booklets that have a whole section on narrative in those videos and even just
+[3706.080 --> 3713.840]  sand play and going to the park these these very bodily experiences that have a lot of natural
+[3713.840 --> 3722.400]  physical movement that you can replay with children and adults and that yeah it's one of the things
+[3722.400 --> 3730.160]  that I love about your video Steve and and their videos that it's um there's all this yeah you can
+[3730.160 --> 3738.640]  have a narrative without formal language yeah yeah um we've got a question another question here
+[3738.880 --> 3748.640]  can you please explain the process of developing tactile language in congenitally blind and hearing
+[3748.640 --> 3758.800]  to tactile deaf blind so I'm not entirely sure I understand the question because if they're
+[3760.800 --> 3768.320]  well and I'm wondering um actually it does make sense I work with people who are blind but
+[3768.320 --> 3775.760]  may have a developmental delight yeah so um so Steve yes if you want to take that question
+[3776.560 --> 3781.760]  I can have a go I think it's I think it's probably huge um and I think
+[3783.120 --> 3790.080]  so if if I if I'm right it's kind of how do people who are blind and hearing but then become
+[3790.080 --> 3798.080]  deaf blind is it that kind of a sick kind of who had I'm wondering if the person that asked
+[3798.080 --> 3806.240]  that could could just check that we are on the right track okay well it's the way I read it yes so
+[3806.240 --> 3811.440]  they may become deaf but well they may not become deaf blind but they don't have spoken language even
+[3811.440 --> 3817.840]  over hearing that that's what I'm I see yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah we've worked with blind children who
+[3817.840 --> 3823.280]  who don't have language so so using a tactile approach is a really relevant and valid absolutely
+[3824.000 --> 3831.840]  and I and I would I would I don't know that it's necessarily different in some ways because I think
+[3831.840 --> 3836.160]  if you think of it because I think what you are looking for is the commonality there and actually
+[3836.160 --> 3841.600]  the bit where you're potentially going to create meaning is through tactile means isn't it so it's
+[3841.600 --> 3848.400]  kind of thinking about so if you think um and in some ways the little boy with the rice cake was
+[3848.400 --> 3857.280]  you know he has some hearing um but he's he's um can gently blind um so kind of thinking around
+[3858.080 --> 3864.000]  well actually he's making most sense of the world in his tactile sense he's beginning to make some
+[3864.000 --> 3868.720]  sense in in in the auditory world but that's a different part of his you know but the bit that we
+[3868.720 --> 3873.600]  were looking at today was him making sense in the tactile sense and that still gave rise to
+[3874.560 --> 3879.440]  the kind of those those emergent gestures and then then kind of moving on into signs and it was
+[3879.440 --> 3886.800]  a very similar pathway for him um and I think it is around for me it always comes down well let's
+[3886.800 --> 3893.120]  fight let's find a way for an individual what what channels are do they have and how do they access
+[3893.120 --> 3899.840]  information and if it is even with hearing that they're still accessing things in the tactile mode
+[3900.240 --> 3907.760]  I would still use the tactile mode I might accompany it with some verbal with some hearing um but then
+[3907.760 --> 3912.720]  but also be kind of really focusing on the tactile as the main source of information and the main way
+[3912.720 --> 3917.760]  to negotiate meaning in that way so looking for the things that might have meaning
+[3917.760 --> 3924.000]  negotiating them to create shared meaning and then into also introducing some tactile signs from
+[3924.000 --> 3929.680]  from the cultural language so that you're bringing all of those elements together about giving the
+[3929.680 --> 3934.800]  best opportunity for language to develop an emerge I'm not sure if that's completely answered
+[3934.800 --> 3941.840]  the question but hopefully it's a maybe um really pleased to say quite a few questions
+[3942.880 --> 3948.000]  and to come through and some really positive comments saying people are going to use this
+[3948.000 --> 3954.240]  this in the next session um we've got a question here do you have any tips or tricks
+[3954.880 --> 3966.560]  to help a child who is very insular uh hands constantly in her mouth and to come and to some degree
+[3966.560 --> 3978.560]  tactile defensive uh constantly pulling her hands away we try to to cue her in with a hand to the
+[3978.560 --> 3988.240]  shoulder but do you have any other tips or suggestions to try and build her confidence to explore
+[3988.240 --> 3997.680]  the world around her I mean that sounds like a child who is very into their kind of face
+[3998.560 --> 4002.320]  space aren't they they're very kind of very insular you're using the word insular aren't they
+[4002.320 --> 4008.240]  say the kind of hands are in the mouth um and pulling hands away and part of that I mean there's
+[4008.800 --> 4016.080]  probably all sorts of things to um pick as to what what's going on there um I think in some
+[4016.080 --> 4020.800]  ways kind of when we're thinking all you know hands if hands are kind of have become quite
+[4020.800 --> 4026.480]  twisted and kind of it or in your mouth it makes it quite difficult doesn't it to use hands as a
+[4026.480 --> 4032.960]  means to explore things so I'm you know I like your idea of queuing in with a hand to the shoulder
+[4032.960 --> 4038.400]  that's always a really good sort of we're starting with the routine we're starting to kind of
+[4038.400 --> 4043.600]  establish this this is what we're relating you to it's almost a bodily apt social haptic isn't it
+[4043.600 --> 4050.480]  we're coming up here we're coming down we want to do something with your hands um aside you know
+[4050.480 --> 4055.120]  I mean I mean maybe working I know we kind of talk about hand under hand being in that very
+[4055.120 --> 4061.600]  formal under your hand but maybe there's some bits around hands being beside each other
+[4061.600 --> 4067.440]  maybe kind of back to back so you're just doing stuff together to create interest to then hopefully
+[4067.440 --> 4074.000]  get the child to to come away from where they are to explore um I'd also look at other parts of
+[4074.000 --> 4080.080]  the body I think so look at kind of where the you know would she use her feet to explore things
+[4080.080 --> 4084.800]  and could you do some some some feet on hands to show things and you know that's left is it
+[4084.800 --> 4090.080]  less sensitive or is it perhaps you know a way that you can kind of encourage exploration of the
+[4090.080 --> 4095.440]  world I'm kind of it's kind of depends how old she is where she is what kind of setting those sorts
+[4095.440 --> 4102.480]  of things um I'm really establishing I think the bottom life it's that emotional
+[4102.480 --> 4107.280]  connection or that stability the kind of the trusting relationships if you like the underpin
+[4107.920 --> 4113.200]  all of that to happen if we really want her to kind of come out of this space she needs to know
+[4113.200 --> 4119.760]  sorry I'm covering my face but she needs to know that that to do that that she's secure in another way
+[4119.760 --> 4126.160]  so how is she seated how is she kind of you know just kind of maybe a I'm assuming it's a little
+[4126.160 --> 4129.360]  child and might be where my head's gone but if they're listening enough that you could maybe do
+[4129.360 --> 4133.680]  some sort of encapsulated seating that you're sort of sitting behind not always ideal but it just
+[4133.680 --> 4138.960]  might give that sense of security or if they're bigger sitting side by side and just kind of
+[4139.760 --> 4144.800]  working through the body you know if it's shoulder shoulder juggling you know jiggling up and down
+[4144.800 --> 4149.120]  because we're recognising what each other are doing and all recognising the tension I recognise
+[4149.120 --> 4153.440]  that the moment your hands are up here so I'm going to sit next to you and we're just going to see
+[4154.080 --> 4158.240]  together what what we are in hopes that that that creates a little bit of
+[4159.120 --> 4167.680]  connection lots of great ideas Steve it's coming to my I know Sherry's online but yeah I'm thinking
+[4167.680 --> 4173.840]  of Sherry too. Sherry and always says how do I need to be in order to be with you which and you've
+[4173.840 --> 4180.160]  given lots of ways of being Steve which I think is great I'm also thinking of clear phrases
+[4180.160 --> 4186.320]  work about what if it's staying curious and what if I do this what if I try this what if I try
+[4186.320 --> 4190.720]  I think there's a bit of persistence required but yes Steve thank you I think that's a few great
+[4190.720 --> 4198.640]  great places to start. Now we have a question asking about the training for UK interveners
+[4199.360 --> 4207.040]  or communicator guides so in Australia there is limited to no training for people working with
+[4207.040 --> 4213.120]  deaf blindness and yeah I think we do have a bit of training for people working with people with
+[4213.120 --> 4220.480]  a quiet deaf blindness that a whole lot less for congenital so keen to know what what it goes on in the UK
+[4220.480 --> 4233.040]  there. So if I think back in time through the UK so when I when I used to work at SENT I used to
+[4233.040 --> 4241.040]  work with Jenny Fleckcher who was the she established the first intervener training in the UK she
+[4241.040 --> 4247.600]  trained me in my intervener training when I first got into the field and she established the first
+[4247.600 --> 4254.480]  UK based course and it's it's a five day introductory course of some some fundamental and I think
+[4254.480 --> 4261.840]  Jenny had established it through going to or finding out about the Canadian model and I know the
+[4261.840 --> 4271.760]  Canadian model is huge and the training in Canada is is quite a big undertaking and whereas
+[4272.240 --> 4276.080]  in the UK we adopted what actually let's just try and get something really practical and hands
+[4276.080 --> 4281.120]  on and thinking around the people we would predominantly end up supporting Jenny was from the
+[4281.120 --> 4285.920]  age of supporting people in schools that was the first sort of remit but it actually over time has
+[4285.920 --> 4292.800]  become more it will support adults and it will support people in social settings as well. So it's
+[4292.800 --> 4300.880]  a our course is a five, excuse me a five day course there are there is a kind of an accreditation
+[4300.880 --> 4305.680]  option so you can kind of do a sort of a self study project after the course and kind of gain a
+[4305.680 --> 4313.600]  number of points for for higher study which is quite helpful for people in schools who want their
+[4314.160 --> 4317.520]  we have something called a higher level teaching assistant which is kind of a way of kind of being
+[4317.520 --> 4323.120]  paid more in a teaching assistant role and those points can go towards achieving the qualification
+[4323.120 --> 4329.120]  for that role I understand. In recent years and so that was always initially hosted by SENS
+[4329.120 --> 4336.240]  and in recent years Jenny has worked independently and still runs the course independently and
+[4336.240 --> 4341.840]  there's a group of us who used to work at SENS who still work with Jenny to to to provide that
+[4342.560 --> 4348.240]  it's still accredited and we're beginning to see a number of other providers starting to look at
+[4349.600 --> 4355.920]  courses and there is a group in the UK called the National Sensory Imperiment Partnership they're
+[4355.920 --> 4362.560]  pretty much England and Wales focused but they're kind of a umbrella group of
+[4363.120 --> 4370.960]  there are a number of groups of local authority so kind of your education authority
+[4372.320 --> 4378.000]  your voluntary sector so all of your charities and other kind of interested people coming together
+[4378.000 --> 4385.360]  to better the sensory impairment world and they produced a very short guide to well what might
+[4385.360 --> 4390.240]  the minimum standards be for intervener training and it was just a kind of a very sort of broad brush
+[4391.120 --> 4395.120]  tool for kind of going actually if there are going to be you know what is it that's the minimum
+[4395.120 --> 4403.920]  training that we expect so yeah there's that and then I think in America I know we asked about UK
+[4403.920 --> 4408.640]  but I think in America there's an online interview in a training course but I think it's very focused
+[4408.640 --> 4414.400]  to the American market so it's kind of it's there's some lots of really good stuff general stuff
+[4414.400 --> 4420.000]  around deaf blindness but I think it very much focuses to the American system I believe
+[4420.800 --> 4424.880]  I've not looked at for a while. One of my colleagues is doing a study too
+[4424.880 --> 4429.840]  and next year from Australia and we'll be going to the UK we're really hoping she'll be able to do
+[4429.840 --> 4436.960]  a journey which is course. Yeah. Great opportunity for her to bring that information back to Australia.
+[4436.960 --> 4442.240]  I'm thinking with the last quarter hour or so you can probably get rid of this slide
+[4442.320 --> 4450.320]  or give people one last chance to click on the survey QR code there but then maybe
+[4450.320 --> 4455.440]  yes Steve you can finish the slideshow so people can see you're better.
+[4455.440 --> 4459.840]  Yeah. A little dot in the screen there we go. Is that okay?
+[4460.400 --> 4466.240]  That's better. Yeah great. So we've got another great question here.
+[4466.720 --> 4476.560]  Do you keep the way that you tell stories consistent? For example, do you always start with you and me
+[4477.440 --> 4486.640]  or remember or before so that your partner understands this is a memory rather than
+[4486.640 --> 4497.520]  introducing a new activity. Have you found certain phrases that work for you and your communication
+[4497.520 --> 4505.680]  partner and oh sorry introducing time concepts is difficult.
+[4506.560 --> 4517.760]  I think this is a really interesting question and not something I've thought about.
+[4519.840 --> 4526.160]  So you're just going to get a very off the curve for so I'm probably not always consistent
+[4526.160 --> 4531.920]  in telling so personally because I think that's just me I'm a little bit variable but I probably
+[4531.920 --> 4537.440]  if I was thinking about it and planning it I would probably start with a remember before you and me
+[4537.440 --> 4542.160]  because that feels like a helpful way to cut it. It's quite a few signs isn't it but it's kind of
+[4542.880 --> 4546.880]  that's you are sort of signaling oh this is happening you know it's a memory it's something that's
+[4546.880 --> 4550.720]  happened and it is in the past so you're at least giving the language of it's something that's
+[4550.720 --> 4556.160]  happened and then you're starting with the who it's about so it is the you and me and I think
+[4556.160 --> 4563.440]  that's probably and then thinking I started to think so thinking about one of my parents that I
+[4563.440 --> 4568.560]  worked I have worked within the past and I saw her recently and she said oh yeah we talk about
+[4568.560 --> 4574.000]  a lot of remembers and you know I remember and or perhaps if we're signaling that it's different
+[4574.000 --> 4580.480]  between if it's initiated by the young person and they talk about I'm basically swimming and then
+[4580.480 --> 4584.720]  that well actually you're not asking for swimming are you you're remembering you're talking when
+[4584.720 --> 4589.920]  is swimming and it's before and it's you know so kind of I think it sort of depends a little bit
+[4589.920 --> 4596.800]  and probably reading the child but I think if you were starting it maybe trying to sort of because
+[4596.800 --> 4602.320]  you're trying to get someone into a kind of a recap mode aren't you I would be thinking about trying
+[4602.320 --> 4608.560]  to do something that that helps them to do that but um so yeah good question I have to think about
+[4608.560 --> 4613.520]  that one a bit more I don't know many of you have had any experiences of what you found works for you
+[4614.320 --> 4620.800]  it is yeah I really could question I agree yeah it's really good these writing I think one of the
+[4620.800 --> 4626.960]  I like one helpful thing is to do the recap immediately after like we saw we've been in Ingrid so
+[4626.960 --> 4632.560]  so you're already building your story because we tell our stories many times and so that
+[4632.560 --> 4639.120]  immediately sets up a few of the the motions and the actions yeah that's one step but then down the
+[4639.120 --> 4645.040]  track here the remember all the time and it's also that we send we tell stories together isn't it
+[4645.040 --> 4652.960]  and it's that we might not tell we might tell stories um you know if you think you might not tell
+[4652.960 --> 4657.600]  stories exactly the same way all the time so it's kind of but you might sort of take adopt different
+[4657.600 --> 4663.040]  roles and over times of retelling you take turns for different bits that you tell within the story
+[4663.040 --> 4668.240]  and it's kind of you know it's I think you think about Ingrid and Gunna Gunna quite often said all
+[4668.320 --> 4673.440]  we got the bucket and we picked the crab up and and and put it there and then Ingrid took over and
+[4673.440 --> 4677.280]  said and it went up my arm and it's kind of it's a supported storytelling and I wonder if they
+[4677.280 --> 4683.600]  were telling that to somebody else how much Ingrid and Gunna would would would would still do that
+[4683.600 --> 4688.560]  co-store-retelling and that would and that's part of what everybody does if you think about how
+[4688.560 --> 4692.960]  couples tell stories and it's how do you remember you tell this bit this is your bit of the story you
+[4692.960 --> 4698.160]  know you do this was you um and that's all just part of natural storytelling approaches and that
+[4698.160 --> 4703.360]  probably comes into this but not answering the question but we do do it slightly differently
+[4704.400 --> 4709.600]  I think it does I think that does you're right couples do and you a lot of couples like that is not
+[4709.600 --> 4714.720]  what happened and you know you both have different recollections but I love how you do the story
+[4715.360 --> 4720.720]  exactly exactly that's all part of the fun of working out what what do you happen but I love
+[4720.880 --> 4725.520]  what you said about the child might start with swimming and I think so often we think things are a
+[4725.520 --> 4730.960]  request we're so focused on the quest and trying to teach children to request and often it's not
+[4730.960 --> 4735.520]  it's there starting the memory so I love what you said there and to all you thinking
+[4736.160 --> 4741.920]  what you thinking about swimming you don't want swimming you're thinking about swimming I think
+[4742.800 --> 4749.680]  you're thinking about yesterday or swimming or whatever even just simply mirror back swimming and
+[4749.680 --> 4756.000]  see what they go with it not just assume it's it's like they're remembering or it's a future or
+[4756.480 --> 4760.880]  because it could be so many things and so simply mirroring back I saw you swimming yes swimming
+[4761.840 --> 4766.720]  they they build on that because they've been received they they know you're with them you're with
+[4766.720 --> 4772.560]  the swimming where's it going to go from here and is it a request is it a remembering a story is it
+[4772.880 --> 4781.680]  something different yeah there's another good question here hi Steve and we're getting lots of
+[4781.680 --> 4790.640]  thanks great it's amazing thank you yes thank you it's going to be kind hi hi Steve I am new to this
+[4790.640 --> 4800.880]  sector just wondering if any person can be learning and teaching tactile sign language or only speech
+[4800.880 --> 4811.840]  pathologists I am a social worker by background that's I don't think it's just a speech pathologist
+[4811.840 --> 4818.960]  thing it's I think it's I think it's more about the skills and the competence to teach sign language
+[4818.960 --> 4824.800]  isn't it and I think there's a I mean I don't know I suspect that that Australia would be the same
+[4824.800 --> 4830.720]  as the UK that there's a very you know strong feeling for people teaching sign language should be either
+[4830.720 --> 4839.280]  from the deaf community or you know be very sort of fluent users and and you know someone who knows
+[4839.280 --> 4846.320]  a few Macaton or Keyword Signs probably not to really take on the role of being the teacher of sign
+[4846.320 --> 4852.960]  because I think that's about getting good quality of of sign and we you know we you just need to look
+[4852.960 --> 4858.960]  on the on social media and you see all sorts of heranging of people who get caught being taught
+[4858.960 --> 4863.760]  the wrong sorts of signs because they've not gone to that that level of of language and I think
+[4863.760 --> 4872.880]  that's really important and I think the the I wouldn't say that I'd be a teacher of of sign per
+[4872.880 --> 4880.000]  say because I I wouldn't see that I'm at that level I would always work with a co-worker and I know
+[4880.000 --> 4884.880]  the bit that I bring in is about some of that adaptation and but bring it in as very much as a joint
+[4885.440 --> 4893.200]  way um but it's it's tricky I think and I'd I'd love us to reach the point in the future that we
+[4893.200 --> 4898.320]  actually had deafblind people doing a lot more teaching of tactile sign and what that means I think
+[4898.320 --> 4903.040]  that's kind of that's coming through in the American movement at the moment the pro tactile
+[4903.040 --> 4908.640]  movement if people are kind of interested and that's kind of about looking at how like a tactile
+[4908.640 --> 4913.600]  sign language is emerged from within a particular deafblind community and how they've evolved it and
+[4913.600 --> 4918.640]  changed it themselves and and that's really beautiful and then I feel even more of a fraud of kind of
+[4918.640 --> 4924.880]  being able to talk about it because it's just like not there um but I think there is the kind of it's
+[4924.880 --> 4929.600]  the bit of how do you bridge that knowledge of information and then how do you help people to kind of
+[4929.600 --> 4935.840]  do it so I would always involve people who are strong users um I don't know what your levels would be
+[4935.840 --> 4942.640]  in in Australia but I would always be looking for for high level trained users of sign British
+[4942.640 --> 4950.000]  sign language to be the in that teaching role um and yeah does is there anything you could add
+[4950.000 --> 4958.800]  Mary on that from I guess only that as long as I've worked in deafblindness that there are a range
+[4958.800 --> 4965.760]  of professions and it's always interested me that if you work in deafblindness communication
+[4965.760 --> 4973.680]  is a critical component and so if anyone working in deafblindness just by all needs to build these
+[4973.680 --> 4980.720]  skills and if you're wanting to relate and connect with your client um I would deeply encourage
+[4980.720 --> 4986.240]  anybody to like to not think I'm not a speech reporter just I can't do this but to start down the
+[4986.240 --> 4992.960]  path of learning this stuff and and having a go I just see all too often people scared of getting
+[4992.960 --> 4999.520]  it wrong so they're not getting in there and it is difficult it's it's clunky and you feel like
+[4999.520 --> 5004.320]  you're getting it wrong but I think people with deafblindness miss out because everyone's going
+[5004.320 --> 5007.840]  yeah I can't do it I can't do it I can't do it I can't do it I can't do it I go to another
+[5008.480 --> 5014.560]  people so I would really encourage people to get in and give it a go um with you know with a
+[5014.560 --> 5019.440]  clear intent this is what I'm trying to do I'm trying to connect um build on the skills and the
+[5019.440 --> 5023.920]  knowledge that you've learned from this session um by the same track and I hear what you're saying
+[5023.920 --> 5029.520]  Steve that when we're looking at Oslin teaching years that's like that next time for the day.
+[5029.520 --> 5035.680]  I would agree Merrin it's very it's a very difficult line to to to walk isn't it because it's
+[5035.680 --> 5040.800]  on one hand you do have a very strong language teaching kind of element but also it's like if we
+[5040.800 --> 5047.920]  don't do anything we don't we don't do anything and then and then actually then who are we letting
+[5047.920 --> 5053.200]  yeah so it's finding that balance so I really appreciate that viewpoint as well and thank you
+[5053.200 --> 5059.440]  because I knew you'd have a much more balanced one. I think we agree with each other I think we're
+[5059.440 --> 5066.320]  just giving the different ends of the speech yeah yeah I do too yeah so I think we're on the same page
+[5066.320 --> 5074.320]  and just went top to bottom of my bottom to top yeah yeah um so yeah great question and just um
+[5075.200 --> 5079.520]  if there's a couple more and we don't have a lot more time oh yeah we've really been out of time
+[5079.520 --> 5087.280]  and I do see someone with a hand up so um you're very welcome to email me or Steve um and this
+[5087.280 --> 5093.760]  will be recorded as well so people can come back and look at it um we've got a shout out from your
+[5093.760 --> 5099.920]  big buddies just in an elitia saying they love the presentation Steve thank you um and Sheridan's
+[5100.000 --> 5112.560]  made another great point just funny to think of pod um pod structure which has um already happened
+[5112.560 --> 5119.680]  is a core um branch startup yeah so it already happened that that story you're immediately into a
+[5119.680 --> 5126.000]  story yeah yeah yeah like happened yeah let's do that setting that function isn't it yeah yeah
+[5126.640 --> 5129.840]  and I think it's that I think that's something isn't it's starting with that bit of
+[5131.520 --> 5137.600]  if we focus on function as well as on words and meaning we can kind of that will help things to
+[5137.600 --> 5141.200]  evolve I think I don't rush if I said it I meant to say it as part of what we were doing but focusing
+[5141.200 --> 5146.080]  on functions of communication is another way of kind of helping to kind of push things through isn't it
+[5146.080 --> 5152.480]  and um yeah that's a really helpful really insightful reflections and questions a really challenging
+[5152.480 --> 5157.600]  question so thank you for those always love a good challenging question which I can guarantee that
+[5157.600 --> 5165.360]  anyone when I work with Mary is going to have gonna have a few challenges I love it I really
+[5165.360 --> 5170.480]  appreciate everyone particularly staying up starting to get a bit late now uh in the on the
+[5170.480 --> 5176.800]  east coast of Australia um but it's like people staying up and the quality of the questions I think
+[5176.800 --> 5181.760]  reflects the quality of the presentation and it's wonderful that you've really um got people thinking
+[5181.760 --> 5186.880]  about this and and how they can apply it which is exactly what we're after we don't we don't want
+[5186.880 --> 5192.160]  this to be nice new information we want people getting out really giving it a go because we know
+[5192.160 --> 5198.560]  so well that people with um born with deafblindness are at such risk of isolation so um I'd also
+[5198.960 --> 5204.560]  super encourage people to keep videoing it's so powerful to have these videos and to to be able to
+[5204.560 --> 5211.680]  learn um learn from videos and video experience because this stuff can disappear very quickly um the
+[5211.760 --> 5218.000]  gestures and they're so individual yeah and it's also that that that's the bit that helps us work out
+[5218.000 --> 5222.480]  isn't it is if if we actually because we need to look at it objectively and separately and I think
+[5222.480 --> 5230.080]  you know video is the so so powerful one yeah so yeah do keep videoing everybody people who are
+[5230.080 --> 5234.880]  new to it video yourself and when you look back you'll learn heaps from looking back at it and even
+[5234.880 --> 5240.240]  you might go like want to share it with a colleague um and go you know what are you seeing here what
+[5240.240 --> 5244.080]  could I what what admire have done differently what do you think they mean here but yeah videos
+[5244.080 --> 5250.400]  are a great way of working use your big buddies right study video attraction guidance we're right
+[5250.400 --> 5258.560]  on time so I will thank the interpreters a huge thank you um yes to Jerry and Leanne the interpreters
+[5258.560 --> 5264.080]  and to Michelle the captioner who came on at very late night and so thank you Michelle for being
+[5264.080 --> 5270.400]  so flexible um thanks to all of you there's no presentation without participants but the
+[5270.400 --> 5276.080]  biggest thanks to Steve for all your preparation and and as I said breaking some really complex
+[5276.080 --> 5281.760]  challenging stuff down into a very um manageable and understandable format and in the videos highlighted
+[5281.760 --> 5286.240]  so well so thank you so much thank you Mary thank you for asking me and thank you for listening
+[5286.240 --> 5291.280]  everyone it's been lovely very welcome okay take care everybody and we'll see you at our next
+[5291.280 --> 5295.440]  webinar storytelling bye

transcript/webinar_4BcOOWcttzY.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,735 @@
+[0.000 --> 10.700]  Thank you for joining us for today's busy webinar.
+[10.700 --> 16.000]  This webinar is being sponsored by the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues,
+[16.000 --> 20.840]  also known as BISSI, and has been organized by BISSI's Graduate Student Committee, which
+[20.840 --> 25.920]  runs both a Policy-Focused Webinar Series and a Methodology-Focused Webinar Series.
+[25.920 --> 29.420]  I'm Sarah Mancalf, BISSI's Policy Director.
+[29.420 --> 35.340]  I will now turn the webinar over to Megan George, a PhD student in Social and Personality
+[35.340 --> 39.220]  Psychology at York University in Toronto.
+[39.220 --> 42.620]  Megan will be serving as today's webinar facilitator.
+[42.620 --> 46.260]  Thank you very much, Sarah.
+[46.260 --> 52.980]  Hello and welcome everyone to BISSI's first methodology webinar for the Fall 2017 term.
+[52.980 --> 55.980]  Today we're going to be hearing from Caitlin Bentley.
+[55.980 --> 61.740]  She is a Chancellor's Graduate Fellow and PhD candidate in the Department of Psychological
+[61.740 --> 65.580]  and Brain Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis.
+[65.580 --> 70.580]  Sarah, if you can go to the next slide for me please.
+[70.580 --> 74.100]  Before I turn it over to Caitlin, I just want to give everyone a bit of background information
+[74.100 --> 75.100]  about our organization.
+[75.100 --> 79.980]  So if you joined us for our Policy-Webinar last month, this should be a review, but for
+[79.980 --> 84.860]  those of you who are new to the BISSI webinar series, or if you're new to BISSI in general,
+[84.860 --> 89.660]  we'd like to welcome you to our community of over 3,000 scientists and researchers.
+[89.660 --> 94.080]  BISSI members share a common interest in the psychological aspects of both social and
+[94.080 --> 95.080]  policy issues.
+[95.080 --> 101.320]  Since it's founding in 1936, BISSI aims to bring theory and practice and to focus on human
+[101.320 --> 106.580]  problems of groups, communities, and nations, as well as issues that define national boundaries.
+[106.580 --> 111.460]  So although BISSI is an independent society, we do operate as Division IX of the American
+[111.460 --> 116.900]  Psychological Association and an organizational affiliate of the American Psychological Society.
+[116.900 --> 122.420]  If any non-members are interested in the society, BISSI welcomes new membership of anyone
+[122.420 --> 124.020]  interested in joining.
+[124.020 --> 129.100]  So please check out our website shown on your screen there.
+[129.100 --> 133.420]  So on the next slide, you'll see some, I want to draw your attention to some of the many
+[133.420 --> 135.820]  opportunities that BISSI offers.
+[135.820 --> 140.620]  So in addition to offering an intellectual home, networking opportunities, conferences,
+[140.620 --> 146.180]  awards, and fellowships, we also have a peer mentoring program, both a policy and methodology
+[146.180 --> 151.540]  webinar series, different writing opportunities within our graduate student newsletter called
+[151.540 --> 157.460]  the Brookie, and all of these aim to support graduate students in their scholarly and policy-related
+[157.460 --> 158.460]  pursuits.
+[158.460 --> 162.420]  So don't forget to check out all of our social media platforms for information, and this
+[162.420 --> 168.300]  includes our website, our Facebook page, and our Twitter page.
+[168.300 --> 173.700]  So with respect to the procedure for today's webinar, to avoid noise interference, all attendees
+[173.700 --> 176.500]  will be vocally muted throughout the webinar.
+[176.500 --> 180.420]  But if Sarah mentioned earlier, we know that there will be questions and comments.
+[180.420 --> 184.260]  So we ask that you use the chat feature on the left-hand side of your screen to pose these
+[184.260 --> 185.260]  questions.
+[185.260 --> 189.180]  I will be monitoring the chat portion, and I'll collect all of the questions through
+[189.180 --> 194.860]  the presentation, and I'll pose those questions to Caitlin at the end of the presentation.
+[194.860 --> 199.300]  So lastly, both the slides and the talk will be available shortly after the webinar, both
+[199.300 --> 201.780]  BISSI's website and our YouTube channel.
+[201.780 --> 207.260]  We'll post the digital versions to our Facebook pages and Twitter feeds once they're available,
+[207.260 --> 211.900]  so keep an eye out if you're interested in these.
+[211.900 --> 214.700]  So now I'd like to introduce our speaker for today.
+[214.700 --> 218.460]  Yet you can go to the next slide.
+[219.180 --> 223.420]  So as I mentioned, Caitlin Bentley is a Chancellor's Graduate Fellow and PhD candidate in the Department
+[223.420 --> 228.660]  of Psychological and Brain Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis.
+[228.660 --> 235.420]  She's a third year student in the Emotion and Relationships Lab run by her advisor, Dr.
+[235.420 --> 237.420]  Tammy English.
+[237.420 --> 241.940]  Caitlin received her Bachelor of Science in Biological Sciences and Psychology from Carnegie
+[241.940 --> 246.900]  Mellon University, and she received her MA in Psychological and Brain Sciences from
+[246.900 --> 248.980]  Washington University.
+[248.980 --> 253.900]  Her research examines how we experience and express emotion across various social contexts
+[253.900 --> 254.900]  and relationships.
+[254.900 --> 259.740]  Specifically, she's interested in the expression of nonverbal behavior when employing different
+[259.740 --> 264.660]  emotion regulation strategies such as distraction, masking, or suppression.
+[264.660 --> 269.660]  She's also interested in the evaluation of off-color racial humor and how the race of the
+[269.660 --> 273.940]  viewer, comedian, and the group being targeted interact to shape how funny and offensive
+[273.940 --> 275.940]  we find jokes to be.
+[275.940 --> 280.500]  Today, Caitlin will be sharing some of her expertise on behavioral coding techniques.
+[280.500 --> 283.020]  So with that, I'd like to turn it over to our speaker.
+[283.020 --> 284.020]  Welcome, Caitlin.
+[284.020 --> 287.540]  Thank you so much.
+[287.540 --> 289.260]  So welcome everyone to this talk.
+[289.260 --> 291.700]  It's going to be looking at nonverbal behavioral coding.
+[291.700 --> 295.900]  I'm going to be discussing it kind of from the perspective of where my research interests
+[295.900 --> 296.900]  are.
+[296.900 --> 300.740]  So primarily emotion and motion regulation and looking at things like body language and
+[300.740 --> 304.500]  facial expression, but also want to kind of encompass other forms of research.
+[304.500 --> 309.300]  So if there are any areas that I don't talk about in the presentation, so you feel free
+[309.300 --> 313.380]  to ask a question about it later so I can discuss it.
+[313.380 --> 314.980]  Next slide, please.
+[314.980 --> 319.900]  So the overview of my talk is going to cover four main topics.
+[319.900 --> 323.660]  First, what is nonverbal behavioral coding and why is it useful?
+[323.660 --> 327.500]  First I'll go into how do we really decide what we're going to code in a study and then
+[327.500 --> 332.140]  I'll go into tips for data collection and tips for data analysis.
+[332.140 --> 337.500]  So the first part I'll talk about here is going to be what is nonverbal behavioral coding.
+[337.500 --> 342.620]  So when you think of nonverbal behavior, oftentimes people think of facial expressions or body
+[342.620 --> 347.380]  language and really it's going to be anything that's outside of verbal context.
+[347.380 --> 351.820]  So it can include things like facial expressions and body language, but it can also include
+[351.820 --> 356.340]  things like vocal procity as well, like the tone of your voice.
+[356.340 --> 360.200]  And all of these things, these different channels help us communicate what we're feeling
+[360.200 --> 365.700]  internally to those around us, either to express what we're feeling or for other people to
+[365.700 --> 368.900]  pick up on what we're experiencing inside.
+[368.900 --> 372.020]  Next slide, please.
+[372.020 --> 376.500]  So we use nonverbal behavior to convey social signals via visual and vocal channels.
+[376.500 --> 381.140]  So those visual channels would include facial expressions and body language and vocal
+[381.140 --> 383.300]  channels would be more like vocal procity.
+[383.300 --> 387.220]  And again, that's some of these things like the intensity of one's voice or tone of one's
+[387.220 --> 388.220]  voice.
+[388.220 --> 392.700]  And I'm a little biased in saying it, but nonverbal behavior is really pretty cool because it
+[392.700 --> 396.620]  just provides a lot of information about what's going on inside of person's head.
+[396.620 --> 400.660]  So there could be a discrepancy between what for someone is saying and what someone's
+[400.660 --> 405.860]  showing or the things that we're saying and showing make coincide and kind of help amplify
+[405.860 --> 408.540]  the expression of what we're feeling.
+[408.540 --> 413.420]  You can also study nonverbal behavior at an individual, diatic or group level.
+[413.420 --> 417.180]  So you can look at nonverbal behaviors in the context of someone sitting alone in a
+[417.180 --> 421.380]  room, maybe watching something on a screen and responding to it.
+[421.380 --> 427.820]  You can also look and see how nonverbal behaviors occur in situations where you're interacting
+[427.820 --> 429.340]  with another person.
+[429.340 --> 437.380]  So the diatic contacts or the group level where there are multiple people in the situation.
+[437.380 --> 441.220]  And so, the behavior is also pretty cool because it's really applicable to a wide-areaed
+[441.220 --> 443.220]  research interest in topics.
+[443.220 --> 447.780]  And so before I go into what those images in topics could be, I'll first describe a
+[447.780 --> 449.780]  little bit of my research interest.
+[449.780 --> 451.580]  Next slide, thank you.
+[451.580 --> 455.020]  A little bit of my research interest is trying to give you some context of what I study.
+[455.020 --> 461.180]  So the first area of my research looks at nonverbal behavior in emotion regulation.
+[461.180 --> 465.860]  So specifically, when we're regulating our emotions using expressive expressions, do
+[465.860 --> 468.660]  use body language to communicate how we feel.
+[468.660 --> 473.180]  So expressive suppression essentially masks what's going on on our face.
+[473.180 --> 477.300]  So that's what you think of when you're trying to maintain a neutral appearance.
+[477.300 --> 482.020]  But maybe something like your arm movements or your torso movements might convey how
+[482.020 --> 483.700]  you're internally feeling.
+[483.700 --> 488.100]  So in this line of research, I mainly look at facial expressions in body language.
+[488.100 --> 490.900]  A lot of times I'll look at it in a diatic context.
+[490.900 --> 495.340]  So with romantic couple of thoughts, maybe if they're arguing over something like say,
+[496.340 --> 503.340]  maybe like in laws or finances, if one person is kind of feeling really heated in the conversation,
+[503.340 --> 508.060]  they might be more willing to show that emotion through their body language if they're trying
+[508.060 --> 510.900]  to keep a neutral face during the interaction.
+[510.900 --> 514.580]  And the big thing that we do here is to really compare what suppressors are doing
+[514.580 --> 516.900]  versus they're not suppressing partners.
+[516.900 --> 521.220]  So there could be things like maybe the non-suppressing partner starts mimicking the suppressor.
+[521.220 --> 524.820]  Or maybe they're compensating for the lack of input from the suppressor partner.
+[524.820 --> 527.660]  So this is my first area of research.
+[527.660 --> 531.660]  So really, of course, in my first year and second year, most of my research is kind of
+[531.660 --> 533.420]  focused on this particular topic.
+[533.420 --> 535.060]  Next slide, please.
+[535.060 --> 542.260]  The second area of research is I've gotten into more recently has some of the humor
+[542.260 --> 544.260]  in the context of nonverbal behavior.
+[544.260 --> 549.100]  So my primary research question is looking at what factors could this enjoyment of off-color
+[549.100 --> 550.100]  racial humor?
+[550.380 --> 554.300]  And also looking to see how things like the participant and comedian race could moderate these
+[554.300 --> 555.300]  outcomes.
+[555.300 --> 560.100]  So for example, is it more appropriate for one person to target racial groups than another?
+[560.100 --> 564.500]  Or are there other factors that are kind of predicting how people respond to this kind
+[564.500 --> 565.500]  of humor?
+[565.500 --> 569.540]  In this context, a lot of times I mainly look at facial expression and a lot of times
+[569.540 --> 571.500]  it's in an individual context.
+[571.500 --> 575.100]  Specifically, we'll have someone viewing a...
+[575.100 --> 578.300]  I'm sorry, the side system, I say that.
+[578.300 --> 583.660]  Anyway, typically we'll have someone viewing a comedy clip, for example, responding to
+[583.660 --> 590.380]  it and then deciding whether or not they find it appropriate, funny or offensive, etc.
+[590.380 --> 594.620]  Sorry, just to check.
+[594.620 --> 596.540]  Are the slides coming back?
+[596.540 --> 603.140]  I think it will probably be easier for me to go through with the slides then.
+[603.140 --> 608.100]  Hi, are the slides...
+[608.100 --> 609.100]  Oh, sorry.
+[609.100 --> 611.100]  Okay, now it should be working.
+[611.100 --> 612.100]  Is it working, Katie?
+[612.100 --> 614.100]  Not on my end.
+[614.100 --> 617.100]  At least I have the slides for my own set.
+[617.100 --> 622.740]  I just wasn't sure if everyone else would be able to view it.
+[622.740 --> 627.340]  Megan, how about you?
+[627.340 --> 629.740]  I can see the Spacey methodology webinar.
+[629.740 --> 631.940]  I think this is your opening slide.
+[631.940 --> 634.940]  Oh, very strange.
+[634.940 --> 638.940]  Okay, hold on one moment.
+[638.940 --> 641.940]  Okay, I have...
+[641.940 --> 646.940]  Let's see.
+[646.940 --> 655.940]  Which slide do you see now?
+[655.940 --> 658.940]  The first slide.
+[658.940 --> 665.940]  Yes, and I think this is the one that you prepared.
+[665.940 --> 670.940]  Huh.
+[670.940 --> 671.940]  That is very strange.
+[671.940 --> 686.940]  Let me try closing out of my PowerPoint and then reopening it.
+[687.940 --> 690.940]  What do you see now?
+[690.940 --> 692.940]  It's still the same slide.
+[692.940 --> 695.940]  Does it look like it's scrolling through?
+[695.940 --> 697.940]  Nope.
+[697.940 --> 702.940]  I think what I'm going to do is pass the controls to you if I can.
+[702.940 --> 705.940]  Would I be able to make you the presenter?
+[705.940 --> 710.940]  And you could download the app and run the slides on your computer?
+[710.940 --> 713.940]  Are you talking to me or to Kate?
+[713.940 --> 715.940]  Either or.
+[715.940 --> 719.940]  Probably, Kate will be back since the slides are mostly hers.
+[719.940 --> 720.940]  Sure.
+[720.940 --> 727.940]  Yeah, I haven't really used meaning birder before, but as long as it's pretty straightforward, that should be fine.
+[727.940 --> 732.940]  Yeah, so I will walk you through it.
+[732.940 --> 736.940]  So basically, sorry about this, everyone.
+[736.940 --> 741.940]  I'm going to pause sharing.
+[741.940 --> 746.940]  And I am going to make you the presenter.
+[746.940 --> 755.940]  Let me just find you here.
+[755.940 --> 756.940]  Okay.
+[756.940 --> 762.940]  And you should see something come up on your screen that I asked you to download the app.
+[762.940 --> 770.940]  Okay.
+[770.940 --> 780.940]  Okay.
+[780.940 --> 783.940]  Okay, I think it's loading up.
+[783.940 --> 785.940]  It might take a minute.
+[785.940 --> 788.940]  Okay.
+[800.940 --> 810.940]  Okay.
+[810.940 --> 813.940]  Okay.
+[813.940 --> 815.940]  Perfect.
+[815.940 --> 818.940]  Let me just call out my slides.
+[818.940 --> 819.940]  Okay.
+[819.940 --> 820.940]  Perfect.
+[820.940 --> 821.940]  Do I see them?
+[821.940 --> 823.940]  Are you guys able to make your screen?
+[823.940 --> 824.940]  Yeah.
+[824.940 --> 825.940]  Awesome.
+[826.940 --> 828.940]  Okay.
+[828.940 --> 829.940]  Yeah.
+[829.940 --> 833.940]  So this is the only way to get área now.
+[833.940 --> 835.940]  If you can move your chat box, or your home's here, that little box off the side of it.
+[835.940 --> 836.940]  Perfect.
+[836.940 --> 838.940]  Okay.
+[838.940 --> 839.940]  Let me just move it down here.
+[839.940 --> 840.940]  Okay.
+[840.940 --> 841.940]  Is that all?
+[841.940 --> 845.940]  I think everyone for being patient, I'll leave you to it.
+[845.940 --> 846.940]  Okay.
+[846.940 --> 848.940]  Perfect.
+[848.940 --> 849.940]  All right.
+[849.940 --> 855.980]  individual context. So for example, if we show someone a clip of a comedy routine looking
+[855.980 --> 860.140]  to see how they respond and I'm hoping to expand this into more diatic context and see
+[860.140 --> 863.980]  maybe if there's some sort of audience or group effects that happen when we have two
+[863.980 --> 869.220]  people or more watch the clip together. So the biggest thing I'm looking at here is comparing
+[869.220 --> 873.300]  the motion experience and expression while viewing the comedy clips to kind of see if
+[873.300 --> 876.900]  there are discrepancies between what people are reporting that they're feeling versus
+[876.900 --> 880.700]  what they're showing and kind of looking to see how this might shape whether they consider
+[880.700 --> 883.900]  something to be funny or offensive.
+[883.900 --> 894.620]  So beyond motion, there really are a lot of different areas that apply to nonverbal
+[894.620 --> 899.780]  havers can apply to you, I should say. That includes everything from cognitive processing,
+[899.780 --> 906.100]  mind wandering and attention, inner group dynamics and status, implicit and explicit bias,
+[906.100 --> 913.100]  relationship formation, social anxiety, consumer panels, product testing, therapy and counseling,
+[913.100 --> 918.860]  linguistics, education, deception. Really, you can kind of almost define nonverbal behavior
+[918.860 --> 923.620]  to pretty much any situation. It's pretty great that way. The downside is it kind of makes
+[923.620 --> 928.380]  it a little hard to narrow down how to actually run a study that's looking at nonverbal behavior.
+[928.380 --> 932.860]  So the goal of this particular talk is to kind of condense it a little bit. So for someone
+[932.860 --> 937.620]  who may or may not have that much experience with looking at nonverbal behavior, how do
+[937.620 --> 941.860]  you actually go about designing a study and carrying out that project?
+[941.860 --> 946.500]  So if you have decided that you're going to see a study involving nonverbal behavior,
+[946.500 --> 950.500]  there are a few things that you have to figure out first. What behavior are you interested
+[950.500 --> 956.100]  in? So for example, is it something that, and again, the side-backed motion, is it something
+[956.100 --> 962.460]  like maybe face expressions versus body language? Maybe it's looking to see if people who are
+[962.460 --> 966.940]  not paying attention to your task may be exhibiting. Depending on what your research questions
+[966.940 --> 971.540]  are, you can then narrow down what behaviors are going to be coding. The next thing you
+[971.540 --> 975.860]  want to look at is what settings are going to be observing or testing the behavior in.
+[975.860 --> 980.300]  So for example, is it going to be one person sitting alone, maybe doing some task on
+[980.300 --> 984.700]  a computer? Is it going to be in a diatic context for people who are having a conversation?
+[984.700 --> 988.820]  Because I have to have a sense of where that situation is going to be occurring so you
+[988.820 --> 993.220]  can figure out how you're actually going to be capturing those behaviors. Next you want
+[993.220 --> 996.940]  to think about how do you want to analyze the behavior. So is it going to be something
+[996.940 --> 1001.660]  like any time they show positive emotions, regardless of what that means, are you going
+[1001.660 --> 1006.140]  to code it more broadly, or will it be more specific? So it's something like every time
+[1006.140 --> 1009.820]  there are moves to the left. That's going to be a song for some verses when there are
+[1009.820 --> 1013.500]  moves to the right. And you could even break that down between the left arm and the right
+[1013.500 --> 1018.500]  arm if it's relevant to a research question. And then finally, you want to develop a timeline
+[1018.500 --> 1023.740]  for each phase of the study. So doing a nonverbal behavior project was trashed and take a long
+[1023.740 --> 1028.100]  time, especially if you're nearing down what behaviors to pick, training coders, running
+[1028.100 --> 1032.220]  the data, then analyzing it. You want to have a sense of how long each of those stages
+[1032.220 --> 1036.860]  is going to take. So that way you're not doing a project for years. So at a personal
+[1036.860 --> 1041.500]  experience, my first year project ended up taking it up two years. Finally, the next
+[1041.500 --> 1044.220]  year is still in a process of writing out which, you know, is what will happen with that
+[1044.220 --> 1047.820]  one day. But it really can take a long time to go through each of the steps of the
+[1047.820 --> 1052.660]  process. So you want to keep that in mind, especially if the other components of the
+[1052.660 --> 1057.660]  study are already going to take a long time. Sometimes it's easier to have just nonverbal
+[1057.660 --> 1062.500]  behavior recording in like one study at the close to that on top of other projects or
+[1062.500 --> 1069.140]  other requirements in a project. Okay. So the next item I'm going to go into is deciding
+[1069.140 --> 1077.780]  what behavior she's going to code. So as I've probably described before, there are lots
+[1077.780 --> 1082.420]  of different behaviors to code. For facial expressions, it could be something like specific
+[1082.420 --> 1087.700]  emotions. So if the face looks like they're showing happiness, sadness, excitement, whatever
+[1087.700 --> 1091.540]  it might be, you could code based off of that. Or you could code more specifically and
+[1091.540 --> 1096.700]  look at muscle movements. So for example, if a particular muscle that shows smiling moves
+[1096.700 --> 1101.980]  to those agonetic major, maybe that's what you want to be coding. You could also look
+[1101.980 --> 1107.580]  at body language in sort of a more specific way too. So for example, posture movement
+[1107.580 --> 1113.260]  for head, torso, arms and legs, you can look at gaze and eye contact if someone's
+[1113.260 --> 1119.620]  gesturing or fidgeting and gesturing might be arms and hand movements. Fidgeting might
+[1119.620 --> 1125.100]  be any sort of body movement, from leg movement to hand movement to head movement that indicates
+[1125.100 --> 1129.740]  maybe they're feeling anxious or not getting attention. You could also look at local
+[1129.740 --> 1135.580]  prostitutes, so things like the intonation, tone, stress and rhythm of someone's voice.
+[1135.580 --> 1139.460]  And you can also look at other behaviors including like touch and interpersonal distance if
+[1139.460 --> 1144.660]  someone's interacting with another person. There are other behaviors that you can code
+[1144.660 --> 1149.660]  beyond these. These are the ones I'm kind of more familiar with. The local ones not as
+[1149.660 --> 1153.660]  much. Unfortunately, I haven't had a chance to really do any study yet looking at local
+[1153.660 --> 1160.740]  prostitutes but I'm hoping to at some point. So when you are taking the behaviors, a lot
+[1160.740 --> 1165.620]  of times there are coding schemes that are already preset. Examples of published coding
+[1165.620 --> 1169.180]  schemes include things like the facial action coding system, which is probably one of the
+[1169.180 --> 1176.780]  most popular ones that breaks down facial expressions and movements into specific muscle movements.
+[1176.780 --> 1182.980]  There's also the body action and posture coding system which breaks down basically different
+[1182.980 --> 1188.100]  types of body language from arm movements to torso movements. There is the annotation
+[1188.100 --> 1194.100]  scheme for conversational gestures and that as the name really focuses on gestures. There
+[1194.100 --> 1198.500]  is also things like the specific traffic coding system which includes the combination of
+[1198.500 --> 1203.660]  body language and local content to show when coupled or communicating with each other
+[1203.660 --> 1209.420]  are they showing some like validation or belligerence. So these are just a very small subset
+[1209.420 --> 1213.740]  of various coding schemes used to use. There are a lot of different ones out there and
+[1213.740 --> 1217.740]  oftentimes depending on what the behaviors are interested in, there is probably going
+[1217.740 --> 1223.340]  to be a coding scheme that will fit perfectly with your research question. There are also
+[1223.340 --> 1227.820]  some benefits to using a published coding scheme. So some of the pros include having a
+[1227.820 --> 1232.340]  predetermined list of behaviors to work with. So you don't really have to go through and
+[1232.340 --> 1236.300]  figure out from scratch, okay what parts of the body am I going to look at and how much
+[1236.300 --> 1239.780]  the detail they'll have to figure it out. That's already been done for you which is pretty
+[1239.780 --> 1245.380]  great. You might even discover relevant behaviors that you hadn't considered studying. So
+[1245.380 --> 1249.940]  for example if you're looking at maybe sigiting, maybe you've been focusing on our movements
+[1249.940 --> 1254.080]  that you notice. Oh if someone's kind of tapping their foot that might also indicate
+[1254.080 --> 1259.780]  sigiting and based on the coding scheme I should include that too. There's also validation
+[1259.780 --> 1265.220]  through prior testing so oftentimes these coding schemes are well established and have
+[1265.220 --> 1269.860]  background showing that they really do indeed capture what they're trying to capture.
+[1269.860 --> 1275.340]  And finally writing a manuscript about a well-man coding scheme is often much easier than
+[1275.820 --> 1280.540]  trying to write one from scratch. So oftentimes it'll be something like we use the following
+[1280.540 --> 1285.260]  coding system citation and then you can pretty much go straight into the rest of your
+[1285.260 --> 1289.580]  methods. Oftentimes it's something where you can refer to the original manuscript if
+[1289.580 --> 1293.740]  you need more detail being on that. There is really a lot that's required of it.
+[1293.740 --> 1299.180]  Although like most things there are some columns to using a published coding scheme. So
+[1299.180 --> 1302.980]  not all the behaviors that are on the coding scheme may be relevant to your research.
+[1303.780 --> 1309.780]  So for example if you were looking at fidgeting, you were focused on our movement but there's
+[1309.780 --> 1313.780]  a table in the middle of the conversation or where the people are interacting. Leg movements
+[1313.780 --> 1318.500]  doesn't really matter at that point so it's not really useful to have an entire section of leg
+[1318.500 --> 1324.260]  movement codes to be looking at. Some coding schemes also only work in certain contexts
+[1324.260 --> 1331.060]  or had minimal testing in other situations. So for example the SPASCOS, the specific action
+[1331.060 --> 1336.100]  coding system is set up for couples. So you could potentially use it for something like maybe
+[1336.100 --> 1340.740]  roommates or siblings arguing but there are some codes that are really focused on more romantic
+[1340.740 --> 1345.940]  relationship contexts and not really platonic relationships. So not all coding schemes are going
+[1345.940 --> 1351.860]  to translate easily to all kinds of research questions. Some behaviors don't have a well-established
+[1351.860 --> 1356.580]  coding scheme. So I haven't really come across any for leg movements. If any of you were inspired
+[1356.580 --> 1361.300]  to go develop a coding scheme after the talk please come see me because there are a bunch of
+[1361.300 --> 1366.180]  behaviors that still don't really have coding schemes. Sometimes those coding schemes will be in
+[1366.180 --> 1371.700]  other research areas so a lot of my stuff is like social and personality psychology but sometimes
+[1371.700 --> 1378.580]  it might be in like machine learning or machine interaction. Maybe it's in cognitive psychology.
+[1378.580 --> 1383.700]  Maybe even it's not even in a psychology related area. It kind of varies depending on where
+[1384.660 --> 1390.420]  what name is or what journal published the article but oftentimes it's kind of difficult to find
+[1390.420 --> 1395.620]  some of these coding schemes and for a lot of behaviors they just don't really exist. And finally it
+[1395.620 --> 1400.820]  might require some time consuming or costly training. So you may have to pay either for
+[1400.820 --> 1408.340]  the training materials or certification. Very rarely all of these coding schemes like behind a pay
+[1408.980 --> 1413.380]  often times as long as it's been published and you have access to the article you can then go
+[1413.380 --> 1418.180]  forth and use the coding scheme. But there are certain ones that do require you to pay to become
+[1418.180 --> 1423.700]  for example like the facial action coding system, sex certified. She could use it as someone who
+[1423.700 --> 1428.900]  isn't but certified but oftentimes if you're publishing reviewers will want to see someone who's
+[1428.900 --> 1433.700]  formally certified using that coding scheme. So depending on which one you're picking that might
+[1434.260 --> 1443.380]  be one issue to consider. So let's say there really isn't a coding scheme that looks for you.
+[1443.380 --> 1448.820]  And there's always the option of making well do it yourself coding schemes. So the nice part is
+[1448.820 --> 1452.980]  you have full control over what the behaviors are going to be coding. It's really useful for those
+[1452.980 --> 1457.700]  understudy behaviors that don't really have a good coding scheme out there. You can also use
+[1457.700 --> 1462.660]  portions of published coding schemes as needed. So if you decide these three coding schemes have
+[1462.660 --> 1468.820]  aspects that I want in mind, you can combine them into one that fits your project. The biggest thing
+[1468.820 --> 1472.900]  is you want to keep track of where you're taking those codes from because you will have to talk
+[1472.900 --> 1479.220]  about it later in your final manuscript or whatever else you might be using the coding scheme for.
+[1480.100 --> 1485.060]  So another benefit of the do-it-yourself coding scheme method is that it could lead to the creation
+[1485.060 --> 1489.940]  of another coding scheme. So if you end up creating ones using it across several studies and it
+[1489.940 --> 1494.740]  works really well, you could then make it almost like a formal coding scheme and publish an article
+[1494.740 --> 1500.340]  that's kind of describing like the reliability and the lily of your coding scheme. And the final
+[1500.340 --> 1504.900]  bonus is free training. So if you create it, you get to train people. You don't have to worry about
+[1504.900 --> 1509.140]  paying for the training materials or the stations, none of that stuff. It's all on you.
+[1511.060 --> 1517.060]  Some of the downsides to doing a do-it-yourself coding scheme include sort of the difficulty
+[1517.140 --> 1522.500]  just creating some in-from-stretch. There's a lot of articles out there and really you could be
+[1522.500 --> 1527.860]  searching kind of forever for the right article or the right types of codes for certain behavior
+[1527.860 --> 1533.300]  if there's not really much to go on. There's also that issue of lack of extensive validation.
+[1533.300 --> 1538.260]  So even though you've designed a coding scheme for the S1 study, it really might not be doing
+[1538.260 --> 1543.060]  what you need it to do. And kind of going into the point underneath, you may be coding too little
+[1543.060 --> 1548.820]  or too much. It might be the case that not until after you finished the study, you realize, oh,
+[1548.820 --> 1553.380]  I should have coded this or we really should have been looking at this behavior in this context.
+[1553.380 --> 1557.780]  And sometimes it's hard to tell before running the actual study what that's been a look like.
+[1559.220 --> 1562.980]  And finally, a link to that featuring the coding scheme is probably going to have a very lengthy
+[1562.980 --> 1568.260]  method section. So oftentimes you will have to describe we've taken these different behaviors
+[1568.260 --> 1574.180]  from these previous studies. We've added this stuff. Here's Y. And you almost have to justify
+[1574.180 --> 1580.020]  a lot more Y use design the coding scheme you did and how you did it in comparison the one that's
+[1580.020 --> 1587.940]  preset. So in summary, when you select a coding scheme, if you consider what behaviors
+[1587.940 --> 1592.740]  you're going to examine and in how much detail, you'll have to weigh the pros and cons between
+[1592.740 --> 1597.300]  different coding scheme options. And you'll also have to pay attention to the changes that you're
+[1597.300 --> 1602.980]  going to be making to establish coding schemes and report them whenever you do disseminate your project.
+[1606.420 --> 1611.140]  So I added a brief question break just in case there were any questions targeting sort of the
+[1611.140 --> 1616.580]  first half of the talk. And again, are there any questions that I should probably address now
+[1616.580 --> 1621.380]  before continuing on? No, I think we're good, but I just do want to remind participants.
+[1622.100 --> 1625.940]  There's no need to save your questions until the end. So if you do have any questions as we're
+[1625.940 --> 1632.100]  going through the slides, feel free to type them into the chat section and I will compile them and
+[1632.740 --> 1638.980]  address them at the end. Okay, okay, thank you so much. So I'm going to go ahead and just
+[1638.980 --> 1645.860]  think of you on them. So the next part we'll be talking about is tips for data collection. So
+[1645.860 --> 1650.340]  now you figure out what you're going to be coding. How do we go about actually collecting that data?
+[1650.340 --> 1658.340]  So the first set of issues I want to talk about are study related issues. So first, how will you
+[1658.340 --> 1665.140]  collect the number of all the data? So most times now, especially since it's so much easier to record things
+[1665.140 --> 1670.580]  like with your phone, webcams, cameras, we've all on the walls, whatever it might be, recording
+[1670.580 --> 1675.140]  nonverbal behaviors is really always preferable over just conducting a live observation where you
+[1675.140 --> 1681.700]  mark off times where someone's doing a behavior. As you guys probably can already assume it's easy
+[1681.700 --> 1686.340]  to miss things, especially if you're doing it live during an interaction and having the recording means
+[1686.340 --> 1690.980]  you can go back over it at a later date, you can have people check over other people's coding. It's
+[1690.980 --> 1697.380]  just much easier and simpler to record the behaviors rather than recording it off live like on a sheet
+[1697.380 --> 1703.220]  of paper or something like that. You'll also want to keep in mind where the study is going to be taking place.
+[1703.220 --> 1708.980]  Hopefully it's a more quiet and has good lighting. Oftentimes if there's ambient noise, sometimes
+[1708.980 --> 1713.540]  that can be picked up by the camera, lighting can be an issue sometimes, especially if you're doing
+[1713.540 --> 1719.060]  facial coding and even like the distance of the camera and the person sometimes can be an issue too.
+[1719.940 --> 1725.220]  One of the other items you want to consider is what the room layout will look like. So for example,
+[1725.220 --> 1730.260]  will there be a table in the room, will we be chairs? Is it okay if the person tilts their chair,
+[1730.260 --> 1734.180]  like can the camera still capture their face or body or whatever you might be coding?
+[1735.140 --> 1739.780]  Sometimes we'll use things like tape and mark-off places in the room just to keep track of where we
+[1739.780 --> 1744.420]  have had the chair and where the kind of boundaries of the chair should be in relation to the camera.
+[1746.820 --> 1750.820]  Another thing to consider is how long the session's going to be. So you'll want to know when you're
+[1750.820 --> 1756.020]  going to be turning cameras on and off and if this requires doing that multiple cameras at one time.
+[1756.660 --> 1760.820]  You'll also want to make sure that your recording equipment can handle collecting data for however
+[1760.820 --> 1764.980]  long a session might be. The worst thing that happened and I admit this happened a
+[1764.980 --> 1771.780]  few times is to turn on the video cameras and then record and then it's at the point where
+[1771.780 --> 1776.500]  20 minutes is too long for it to record and it just automatically shuts off. You'll want to
+[1776.500 --> 1780.660]  make sure that it's able to record whatever you need it to and you'll also want to have a sense
+[1780.660 --> 1785.060]  of where specifically in the study you need to turn the cameras on and off to make sure that you get
+[1785.060 --> 1789.460]  exactly what you want to for the session. You'll also want to figure out how many
+[1789.460 --> 1794.820]  experimenters you need. So really what's going to be enough people for session-related tasks
+[1794.820 --> 1799.220]  and from the controlling day of recording equipment. Really that might be one-per-some.
+[1799.220 --> 1805.060]  So for example if it's like in our studies we often have an RNA run the session and say well
+[1805.060 --> 1808.900]  be right back they go turn on the camera they come back they do the shvel if you're going to talk
+[1808.900 --> 1813.460]  for five minutes the run it's over and done with. Other times you might need to
+[1813.460 --> 1816.820]  do a experiment or end of them with them and in that case you're probably going to need another
+[1816.820 --> 1821.460]  person controlling the camera or if you do something like for example we sometimes do the
+[1821.460 --> 1826.580]  true social stress test where someone comes in and has to do a stressful interview in front of
+[1826.580 --> 1830.580]  three panelists. The three panelists have to be preceded in the room and so we have to have
+[1830.580 --> 1836.180]  another experimenter controlling the camera. The final point is that I want to make sure that you
+[1836.180 --> 1839.860]  should ensure that all these three methods are very comfortable using recording equipment.
+[1840.260 --> 1845.140]  There may be cases where someone has to switch out maybe the person who's supposed to be a
+[1845.140 --> 1849.860]  panelist or in the room with the person is somehow unable to do that. You want to make sure
+[1849.860 --> 1853.940]  everyone on your research team involved with the project knows the ins and outs is how to set
+[1853.940 --> 1857.540]  up the recording equipment just to avoid any issues that might arise.
+[1862.980 --> 1869.140]  So next thing we'll talk about are filming-related issues. So one thing that you'll need to keep in
+[1869.140 --> 1875.380]  mind is how many people will be recorded simultaneously. So things like the angle of the camera,
+[1875.380 --> 1880.500]  how far the cameras are and will they be able to capture everyone in the situation that you're
+[1880.500 --> 1885.220]  recording. You'll also want to think about how many cameras are needed, should they be visible,
+[1885.220 --> 1890.180]  where you have to move them, and really if the setup is an ideal feel free to experiment with
+[1890.180 --> 1895.860]  different options. So my lab has well-mounted cameras that are pretty obvious,
+[1895.860 --> 1900.100]  we didn't cover them up, but sometimes they're kind of blurry especially when they're recording
+[1900.100 --> 1904.580]  from a distance. So we try to start using web cameras. And so far they've been a really great
+[1904.580 --> 1910.100]  alternative. The downside is they're not great for group or diatic interactions. Really they're
+[1910.100 --> 1915.380]  only good when it's an individual person in front of a computer screen, but using a wide screen or
+[1915.380 --> 1920.580]  HD camera like a webcam for example can really help improve video quality. So there may be ways
+[1920.580 --> 1925.700]  that you can incorporate that into your study. It's better than the current camera setup that you have.
+[1926.660 --> 1931.860]  You could also use room decor to help you can see all the cameras, kind of a study side note.
+[1931.860 --> 1938.660]  So one of the lab's ways to work in, the PI was very, very incidentally cover up the cameras.
+[1938.660 --> 1943.700]  And really it was kind of cool because you used a lot of furniture, plants, things like that to help
+[1943.700 --> 1948.740]  sort of make them less obvious and it really looked very realistic. The only downside is every so
+[1948.740 --> 1952.260]  often we would have that one person who would notice the glimpse of the camera and be like,
+[1952.260 --> 1958.100]  whoa I'm on camera, what is going on? So you do kind of have that issue of if the room decor is
+[1958.100 --> 1962.420]  really well set up and it's probably not a problem. It's a little too well set up to the point
+[1962.420 --> 1966.420]  where someone notices halfway through the session that they're being recorded. That might get a
+[1966.420 --> 1971.060]  little weird. So in my current lab we just have that set up with they're very obvious and often
+[1971.060 --> 1975.700]  find people who see them. They kind of just forget they're there or really just ignore them
+[1975.700 --> 1979.940]  because they're so obvious to notice. So really depends on your research question,
+[1979.940 --> 1983.620]  how much you want people to pay attention to the fact that they're on camera.
+[1984.500 --> 1990.260]  And then finally for face tracking. If someone's moving you may want to consider that you might
+[1990.260 --> 1995.140]  need to move the camera with them during the actual recording session. And if you are you kind of
+[1995.140 --> 2000.900]  want to practice doing that to make sure that the camera can fit any sort of frame or I guess
+[2000.900 --> 2005.620]  be able to track wherever you need it to go. Make sure that the people who are running the session
+[2005.620 --> 2011.300]  are able to do that. And kind of again keep in mind like how much of the screen is going to be
+[2011.300 --> 2015.940]  taken up by that camera. So if you need to sort of have a boundary for the chairs and tables and
+[2015.940 --> 2021.460]  whatnot are to make sure that they are if they do move that you're all eight. Sorry that you are
+[2021.460 --> 2025.140]  able to capture it. You want to just make sure that you're good to go in that case.
+[2028.100 --> 2031.860]  Additional questions that you all want to think about are what participants are going to be doing
+[2031.940 --> 2036.420]  during filming. So you want to pay attention to the study tasks that they're doing in case it affects
+[2036.420 --> 2040.980]  multiple behavior. So if they're reading a sheet of paper maybe the paper is on the table and they're
+[2040.980 --> 2046.100]  bending down and forward. You might not really be able to capture much. Or if they're doing a
+[2046.100 --> 2050.260]  task that requires room to stand you want to keep in mind that the codes that you're using are
+[2050.260 --> 2054.740]  from someone's standing not sitting. You'll also want to know anything that might make
+[2054.740 --> 2060.100]  putting difficult. So an example I mentioned earlier like if you have a table in the way you
+[2060.100 --> 2064.900]  can't really look at leg movement as easily. You may want to consider either removing the tables
+[2064.900 --> 2069.380]  if leg movement is really crucial to your research session or just scrap that from your coding
+[2069.380 --> 2076.100]  scheme if you're not able to capture that movement. And finally sounds. So if you're looking at
+[2076.100 --> 2081.620]  focal cues, you're going to need sounds. If you're not it's still really useful to have sound
+[2081.620 --> 2087.540]  because you can still establish coding start and stop times. Later we'll talk about how to do
+[2087.540 --> 2092.260]  data analysis. One of the easiest things to do is set a time where I'm on a native
+[2092.260 --> 2097.140]  external mentor closes the door or says you may now begin. And at that point that's where you
+[2097.140 --> 2101.780]  want to start coding. It's much easier to have sound to establish that coding start time
+[2101.780 --> 2106.900]  across all of your coders to make things easier for you for analysis so that all the videos align.
+[2107.620 --> 2111.060]  You'll also want to make sure to have microphones that you use are able to take a
+[2111.060 --> 2115.780]  flutter of sounds that you're trying to capture for more that participants located. So if you have
+[2115.780 --> 2120.900]  a camera that's on a wall, you'll want to make sure that it can still capture the sound from someone
+[2120.900 --> 2125.220]  who's sitting at the other side of the room if that's the primary camera you're going to be using.
+[2125.220 --> 2129.380]  We may want to consider adding a camera or microphone or something closer to the
+[2129.380 --> 2134.420]  participant so that you can have both sources of information when you're collecting data.
+[2137.380 --> 2141.140]  So in summary, when you're thinking about data collection, make sure to consider the
+[2141.140 --> 2145.620]  setting for your collecting that data. Think about the recording equipment and the way that it
+[2145.620 --> 2150.580]  set up to make sure that it's optimal for your project. And definitely make sure to capture
+[2150.580 --> 2155.460]  setup before running actual participants. I really recommend that if you are having multiple
+[2155.460 --> 2160.580]  people run study sessions try to have them be a participant and the experimenter at one time
+[2160.580 --> 2165.780]  just as they know where the cameras are, where the cameras can be seen from, what it's like to be
+[2165.780 --> 2170.500]  a participant and if the camera's seen obvious. All of those questions and troubleshooting issues
+[2170.500 --> 2175.380]  oftentimes comes up to your practice and really it's just beneficial for everyone to have as much
+[2175.380 --> 2184.100]  practice as possible for collecting actual data. All right, so now I'm going to go on to my last
+[2184.100 --> 2193.460]  item so this is going to be tips for data analysis. So training photos. Add a venom and a minimum,
+[2193.460 --> 2197.940]  you'll need at least two photos for each behavior. The primary voter is going to be that person
+[2197.940 --> 2203.780]  analyzes all of your videos for that particular behavior. So I do recommend having backup colors
+[2203.780 --> 2209.540]  as possible. Oftentimes we'll have research assistants, sometimes undergraduates in the lab.
+[2209.540 --> 2214.100]  And if there is a high turnover rate in your lab, you'll want to keep in mind how long it takes to do
+[2214.100 --> 2219.380]  this behavioral coding and maybe have two people do the primary coding just in case someone is
+[2219.380 --> 2224.340]  unable to continue in the lab, get strong away for another project, whatever happens you'll have
+[2224.340 --> 2229.460]  some set of data. But one thing I do want to mention as well is you want to avoid staggering
+[2229.460 --> 2235.300]  primary coders within the behavior. So you don't only want to have one person do half, one person
+[2235.300 --> 2241.060]  do another half and then call it the full set of data analyzed by two people. Ideally you'll want
+[2241.060 --> 2245.940]  to have one person analyze all of it. But there are cases where that's really just not feasible.
+[2245.940 --> 2250.740]  And if so, you do kind of want to consider if you're staggering kind of how to do it so that
+[2251.380 --> 2255.140]  you're able to collect and analyze or I should say analyze the data that you need to.
+[2256.420 --> 2261.140]  You'll also need to have a secondary coder or reliability coder that'll complete a subset of
+[2261.140 --> 2266.740]  the videos. Often 15 and 25 percent is a typical number. Most of the time in my lab we
+[2266.740 --> 2272.260]  anchor about 20 or so. And this person's going to do the reliability coding. So typically that's
+[2272.260 --> 2278.740]  going to be out of the randomized set of videos that someone's analyzing the top maybe 20 or 30,
+[2278.740 --> 2284.580]  depending on how many videos you have. So they'll just code that one subset of videos and you'll
+[2284.580 --> 2290.740]  then compare the primary and secondary coders reliability or I guess coding progress to establish
+[2290.740 --> 2297.620]  reliability. You can also assign people to do multiple coding duties. So if you have a bunch of
+[2297.620 --> 2303.140]  people available to do coding feel free to assign them to different behaviors or you could assign
+[2303.140 --> 2308.260]  someone to three behaviors depending on how long the behavior coding takes and how much
+[2308.260 --> 2312.260]  progress they're making and also really if they're willing to do it you can have them coding
+[2312.260 --> 2316.820]  different behaviors as you need to. It doesn't have to be that you have to have a different primary
+[2316.820 --> 2319.620]  and secondary coder for every single behavior you're looking at.
+[2322.820 --> 2328.100]  For establishing a liability you'll want to use groups and individualized trained sessions
+[2328.100 --> 2332.980]  with practice video for teacher coding teams. It looks the most likely happen sometimes during that
+[2333.060 --> 2338.740]  study design maybe early on in data collection point. So you'll want to go through and help train
+[2338.740 --> 2343.940]  people on a group and an individualized level so that they know exactly what they're supposed to
+[2343.940 --> 2349.540]  be coding when you have them start actually doing the real set of videos. And you want to make sure
+[2349.540 --> 2355.860]  to test your liability early and often. So often times we'll use Kappa as a reliability statistic and
+[2355.860 --> 2361.460]  if you're using that you want to answer that point 65 as an absolute minimum. Ideally you'll want to
+[2361.460 --> 2368.180]  be a closer to 0.7, 0.8 maybe even 0.9. Anything above 0.9 tends to be a little fuzzy just because
+[2368.180 --> 2373.780]  that's kind of too perfect in a way. If you get a liability of one which is technically possible that
+[2373.780 --> 2378.580]  would be very weird but it depends on the behavior. If it's something like touch it's really hard
+[2378.580 --> 2382.900]  to mix up when someone is touching or not touching someone. So you're probably going to have a higher
+[2382.900 --> 2388.500]  reliability statistic. If it's something like maybe torso movement towards or away a person that can
+[2388.500 --> 2393.700]  be a lot harder to distinguish and there probably can be more variability across coders. But you'll
+[2393.700 --> 2398.820]  want to make sure that your primary and secondary coder have good reliability before they start on the
+[2398.820 --> 2404.260]  actual data set. So you want to make sure you calculate the liability for individual behaviors as needed
+[2404.260 --> 2409.380]  and provide feedback to all coders. And the feedback you provide should be something along the lines of
+[2409.380 --> 2415.060]  make sure to keep an eye out for I don't know torso movements for example as opposed to at two
+[2415.060 --> 2419.620]  minutes and 10 seconds in this one at three minutes and four seconds in this one you don't
+[2419.620 --> 2425.300]  want to get that specific. It's much better to have sort of a broad overarching keep an eye out for
+[2425.300 --> 2431.780]  this or you tend to over code XYZ as opposed to giving them very specific details because you want
+[2431.780 --> 2436.340]  them to go back and be unbiased as they go through but have a sense of what they really need to be
+[2436.340 --> 2441.460]  looking for. You could just sell them go back and redo the videos but oftentimes because of that
+[2441.540 --> 2446.500]  time crunch of like having to continue the project it can take a lot longer for people to figure
+[2446.500 --> 2451.300]  out what they need to do to fix their liability if you're not giving them any sort of hint or clue
+[2451.300 --> 2460.980]  what they should be doing. Okay last item is going to be analyzing your data. So manual coding tends
+[2460.980 --> 2465.700]  to be the most effective option but it does take a long time. It requires at least two coders for
+[2465.700 --> 2471.060]  each behavior and really this is going to be something like you sitting in front of a computer
+[2471.540 --> 2477.060]  clicking on sets and offsets whenever someone needs their arm, someone smiles, whatever the
+[2477.060 --> 2482.180]  behavior might be. The software that I've come across most frequently for this particular kind of
+[2482.180 --> 2489.780]  coding is Muldicell's Exilver XT. I think there are other there are other software programs that
+[2489.780 --> 2494.820]  will probably work very well. This one's just the one that comes across most often in psychology
+[2495.780 --> 2502.820]  research. For on native coding that one's become more of a popular option. It's still kind of
+[2502.820 --> 2508.020]  in development but it tends to be very convenient and it does have some issues with obstruction
+[2508.020 --> 2512.420]  and can be expensive. So obstruction in this case could be something like maybe you're
+[2512.420 --> 2516.980]  lighting you think good enough for the video. Maybe it's too fuzzy because the cameras far away
+[2516.980 --> 2522.260]  is not very high definition. Maybe someone blocks their face because they put their hand in front
+[2522.260 --> 2528.340]  of their eye or nose. Sometimes automated coding isn't always able to capture those nitty-gritty
+[2528.340 --> 2534.740]  details that manual coding can. And sometimes automated coding tends to be more expensive. So there
+[2534.740 --> 2540.660]  is one particular software interface that's in the list below that was recently released
+[2540.660 --> 2545.620]  with three for researchers. I haven't really been able to get it to work. I'm not sure if it's
+[2545.620 --> 2549.780]  because it just requires a lot of computing power but hopefully fingers crossed over the next
+[2549.780 --> 2553.860]  couple of months I can figure something out. But that might be a really good option especially if
+[2553.860 --> 2560.260]  it's free and you can then use it in conjunction with manual coding. But oftentimes most coding
+[2560.260 --> 2566.260]  software tend to be pretty expensive. Face reader, Microsoft, API, often times you do have to pay
+[2566.820 --> 2571.860]  some amount to be able to subscribe to it or receive the program from the company.
+[2572.660 --> 2577.540]  There are other types of software. These are the ones that I've just come across most commonly.
+[2578.500 --> 2583.860]  And one other item I should mention too is if you are doing the automated coding you want to just
+[2583.860 --> 2589.700]  make sure that you do manual coding to establish reliability. So because it is a new and upcoming thing
+[2589.700 --> 2594.260]  oftentimes you can't really publish anything and just say we just did automatic coding. We didn't do
+[2594.260 --> 2598.900]  any manual coding at all. Typically you'll have to do reliability with manual coding.
+[2601.140 --> 2605.540]  So in summary when you're trying to prepare your data for analysis make sure you decide what
+[2605.540 --> 2610.260]  method you're going to use and software that you'll use for this process. Make sure to train
+[2610.260 --> 2615.780]  your coders and establish reliability early on. You'll want to report your coding of information
+[2615.780 --> 2618.980]  and reliability statistic when preparing your data for publication.
+[2621.860 --> 2625.060]  All right so some final thoughts if we're wrap up the presentation.
+[2626.020 --> 2630.580]  One of the behavioral really does provide some great insight into our internal states.
+[2630.660 --> 2637.380]  It can be applied to many research areas and overall it's just kind of a cool tool in your research.
+[2637.380 --> 2642.340]  And when you're designing a study involving on the behavior you want to keep in mind things like how
+[2642.340 --> 2646.420]  you're going to measure the behavior you're interested in. You want to tailor the study settings to
+[2646.420 --> 2652.020]  whatever your needs are. Develop and then file to sign with your research team early on. Practice
+[2652.020 --> 2656.980]  running sessions before you collect your real data and make sure you keep in out of all study related
+[2656.980 --> 2662.980]  details, things you change, your reliability statistics, all the integrity stuff so that if you do
+[2662.980 --> 2669.540]  need to report it later on you can refer to your notes and also be able to replicate studies that way too.
+[2672.260 --> 2677.060]  Cool so thank you all for attending and I'd be happy to take any questions with this time.
+[2678.500 --> 2684.180]  Okay thank you so much Caitlin that was a really interesting presentation and really relevant I think
+[2684.180 --> 2690.820]  for a lot of people attending this webinar series and you know it was interesting because we do
+[2690.820 --> 2698.020]  have a number of questions from the attendees. So I'm going to start with a question from Dante and
+[2699.060 --> 2703.940]  the question is have you ever experienced that the data drive the decision on which coding scheme
+[2703.940 --> 2711.060]  you use? Oh that's a really good question. So yes and no I think when I first started because I
+[2711.060 --> 2717.140]  didn't really know what to code for the data definitely drove how I was thinking about what behaviors
+[2717.140 --> 2723.460]  I wanted to code. So for example my very first study was with a very couple of conflict interactions
+[2723.460 --> 2728.820]  with two partners one person was assigned to the press and I just was able to code whatever I wanted
+[2728.820 --> 2733.700]  to code. Really it was to see what behaviors might differ between the partners. So initially I was
+[2733.700 --> 2738.820]  thinking maybe the body language thing but then we had to figure out based on the room the way
+[2738.980 --> 2743.540]  that we have the room set up what behaviors could I code. And so in that case I started out really
+[2743.540 --> 2747.940]  looking at the video and trying to think okay based on the still frame of two people sitting in
+[2747.940 --> 2753.380]  room with the table what could I feasibly code. Sadly a lot of those codes really did not pan out.
+[2753.380 --> 2759.700]  Well I think now that I've had more experience doing this study I tried to focus more on theory
+[2759.700 --> 2763.860]  and what people have been using in established coding schemes to then figure out what I want to
+[2764.420 --> 2770.500]  code but I think it kind of depends both on how often you code that behavior or use that situation
+[2770.500 --> 2776.260]  in your research but I think both both options are fine it might just depend on kind of what's
+[2776.260 --> 2781.460]  available for the coding scheme and how familiar you are with running that kind of study or that kind
+[2781.460 --> 2787.140]  of context. Right so you're sort of looking at it from a practicality standpoint as well as the
+[2787.140 --> 2796.100]  theoretical. That correct? Wait yeah great. And so speaking of sort of the practicality you
+[2796.100 --> 2802.660]  mentioned sort of when you're setting things up and getting ready to run and record your sessions.
+[2803.380 --> 2809.620]  Dante asks do you typically run like an end-to-end pilot test before you begin your data capture
+[2809.620 --> 2817.620]  with participants? Basically I have run. Yes so if possible I would say at least once maybe a couple
+[2817.620 --> 2823.460]  times run an entire study session from start to finish pretending that the person was an actual
+[2823.460 --> 2829.860]  participant. Sometimes what I like to do is after I've run a couple sessions with the undergraduate
+[2829.860 --> 2834.740]  research assistance in my lab I then have the joy of pretending to be like an obnoxious participant
+[2834.740 --> 2838.980]  where maybe I'm not sitting in the right position maybe I'm leaning forward and kind of give them
+[2838.980 --> 2843.780]  a little bit of a challenge to troubleshoot all those things that could happen. But I really do
+[2843.780 --> 2848.980]  recommend at least once or twice running an entire session and then the bonus of having someone
+[2848.980 --> 2854.420]  be that obnoxious participant. Sometimes that can be really helpful just to help them feel calm about
+[2854.420 --> 2859.060]  whatever might be going on and also to figure out how to fix it if it does happen in a real session.
+[2859.700 --> 2867.140]  Great great. So our next question comes from Matthew and this is upping a bit of specific
+[2867.700 --> 2875.620]  sorry specific type of coding. So do you have any tips to help people who are doing like mental
+[2875.620 --> 2880.820]  training with athletes? So I assume this is more of sort of a natural observational setting? How do
+[2880.820 --> 2887.460]  you code for things that you have less control over? Oh that's a really good question. So I haven't
+[2887.460 --> 2895.700]  really done that myself but I think what's deep I guess what might be a situation where you do
+[2895.700 --> 2900.740]  end up almost having to rely on live observations and depending on the context you may not be able
+[2900.740 --> 2908.260]  to record what's going on. But that might be something where having some sort of preset either I
+[2908.260 --> 2914.260]  guess it would be almost like a sheet of notes or some sort preset maybe excel sheet for example
+[2914.260 --> 2919.940]  where you can essentially mark off things that you're going to be coding for as they occur. So that
+[2919.940 --> 2924.100]  way you don't have to be like writing almost long handouts or what's happening you could maybe be
+[2924.100 --> 2928.980]  just checking a box if you see certain kinds of behaviors. So the first few rounds that might be
+[2928.980 --> 2934.900]  helpful to make more long hand notes to figure out what those behaviors should be especially if you
+[2934.900 --> 2940.020]  don't really know what to be looking for in that context. But that's a really interesting one. Yeah I
+[2940.020 --> 2946.100]  haven't really had the opportunity yet to conduct a study like that. And that may come back to the
+[2946.100 --> 2952.500]  idea of letting that the data drive sort of what you're looking at specifically right? Right yeah that
+[2952.500 --> 2957.060]  actually might be a case where it's really much more helpful to have that that you're not almost
+[2957.060 --> 2961.460]  you're not wasting your time looking for certain behaviors that may never occur in that situation.
+[2962.100 --> 2969.220]  Right right great. So how many this is a question for Marie? How many sample participants do you
+[2969.220 --> 2974.900]  usually have the coders go through before you sort of pass them on to the real quote unquote real
+[2974.900 --> 2981.700]  participants that they'll be coding? So that's another good question too. So it depends a little bit
+[2981.700 --> 2989.540]  on how the coders are doing. So typically I'll have maybe about anywhere between maybe five and ten
+[2989.540 --> 2995.300]  practice videos and the length of those videos can sometimes vary a lot. Oftentimes they may be like
+[2995.300 --> 3000.900]  one to two minutes of coding because often the videos that were recording might be 10, 15, maybe
+[3000.900 --> 3007.540]  even 30 minutes or longer. And sometimes having at least a few minutes to code for each practice
+[3007.540 --> 3014.020]  set can be can be really helpful. But it may be somewhere under 10 most likely but you'll want to
+[3014.020 --> 3019.140]  keep in mind if people are having a lot of difficulty with certain codes you might have to have more
+[3019.140 --> 3024.740]  examples of that particular behavior to get reliability established or to help them become more
+[3024.740 --> 3032.820]  familiar with it before they code actual data. Great. So again we have a question from John. Hey I know
+[3032.900 --> 3038.340]  you mentioned I think it's the facts emotional question coding. Are you aware of any other
+[3038.340 --> 3044.580]  certifications for nonverbal coding? So the one that always comes to mind is the facial action
+[3044.580 --> 3054.100]  coding stuff for the facts coding. In terms of other certifications you see I can't think of any
+[3054.100 --> 3059.460]  right now at the top my head. I'm sure there's one or two out there but I think the facts coding so
+[3059.460 --> 3064.660]  that one again is for the the muscle movements of the face. That one I think is the one that comes
+[3064.660 --> 3071.540]  up most often in the research is one that they require people to be certified. Almost any other
+[3071.540 --> 3077.220]  type of coding scene especially if it's going to be available based on the article you usually
+[3077.220 --> 3081.700]  don't have to be formally certified for any of those. It's really the ones where it's more like
+[3081.700 --> 3087.220]  a company or business is providing the service and facts kind of falls a little bit into that category
+[3087.220 --> 3097.220]  sometimes. Okay so that sort of ties into our next question from Abou. How do you sort of make
+[3097.220 --> 3103.380]  sure that the coders are coding the same thing or behavior? So outside of this certification
+[3104.740 --> 3108.420]  how do you really ensure that your coders are looking for exactly the same thing?
+[3109.540 --> 3115.540]  That's also a good question. So sometimes just directly asking them is the best option? A lot of
+[3115.540 --> 3120.580]  times during those practice sessions especially if it's group meetings. What I'll typically do is we'll
+[3120.580 --> 3125.540]  show a practice video. I might walk through, here's what I would code and hear the behaviors or the
+[3125.540 --> 3130.820]  marks that I like the little signature things that mark off that behavior in this practice video that
+[3130.820 --> 3135.460]  we're going through together and then have them do one on their own in the room and then kind of go
+[3135.460 --> 3140.180]  around and talk about what they coded and sometimes during the time when they go around and talk
+[3140.340 --> 3146.660]  about what they coded they could then justify. Well I coded this as a frustration because they're facial
+[3146.660 --> 3151.300]  movements doing this, they're body languages doing this maybe either even saying something.
+[3151.300 --> 3156.020]  But kind of almost asking them to point out for everyone else why they coded what they coded
+[3156.020 --> 3161.060]  and oftentimes that can help kind of establish some sense of commonality between the code or
+[3161.060 --> 3165.380]  among the coders so that they all know what they're supposed to be coding. You'll want to just make
+[3165.380 --> 3171.460]  sure that you either as the experimenter or from the coding scheme whatever source and information
+[3171.460 --> 3176.900]  you're using for those behaviors that somewhere you have like a determined like a distinguishing line
+[3176.900 --> 3181.700]  of okay this is definitely the behavior when you code this and that might be you when you're
+[3181.700 --> 3186.580]  leaving the session determining that or describing it for those in for those other coders.
+[3187.460 --> 3196.340]  Great okay so our next question I'll just quote this is from CRISPR I'd imagine that knowing one
+[3196.340 --> 3200.980]  is being recorded would change their behavior or mannerisms do you have any ideas for good cover
+[3200.980 --> 3209.620]  stories as to why you're recording. So that's what we went to sometimes when we use Webcams
+[3209.620 --> 3213.620]  unfortunately we have to go in the room literally pull up the Webcams software and it shows them
+[3213.620 --> 3217.700]  for a second that they're being recorded and I think the light turns on on the Webcams. It's
+[3217.700 --> 3222.340]  super obvious at that point. For those ones we have to be like we're going to turn on the cameras
+[3222.340 --> 3227.860]  now and then turn on the cameras. In the other cases what will happen is in the content form it'll
+[3227.860 --> 3232.660]  say you're going to be recorded at some point and often they have to say yes I'm okay with that
+[3232.660 --> 3237.540]  but then sometimes you can just turn on the cameras and it doesn't usually make a noise or a light
+[3237.540 --> 3241.700]  won't turn on depending on the camera that you have but sometimes it's a little less obvious that
+[3241.700 --> 3246.580]  they're going to now be recorded. The only time I've come across that being an issue is sometimes
+[3246.580 --> 3251.060]  if the cameras are hidden and if they didn't notice it from the get go when they enter the room
+[3251.060 --> 3255.220]  then they might in the middle of the session kind of start asking what like hey those cameras are
+[3255.220 --> 3260.740]  they on what's happening with them like what's why are they over there. So sometimes using cameras
+[3260.740 --> 3266.420]  that are just very blatantly there but quietly turning them on can be kind of a good solution for that
+[3266.420 --> 3271.460]  but you oftentimes do have to notify the participants that they're going to be recorded at some point
+[3271.940 --> 3276.580]  so for our IRB we haven't been able and I haven't really tried it so we haven't been able to get
+[3276.580 --> 3281.460]  anything through where you just start recording without telling them and so say like the end of
+[3281.460 --> 3286.100]  the study that they were being recorded. Okay that was actually I was going to interject with my
+[3286.100 --> 3290.740]  question about the ethical issues involved in that so you just answered that. Yeah I imagine it
+[3290.740 --> 3295.620]  would be more difficult if you were doing if participants weren't aware that you were recording.
+[3296.580 --> 3301.940]  Yes at that point it might be considered deception and at least for my universities IRB they are
+[3301.940 --> 3307.220]  very very picky about deception we have to be very upfront early on that they're going to be recorded
+[3307.220 --> 3312.100]  at some point or during a certain task and try to be a little bit more vague about when that is
+[3312.100 --> 3318.740]  so it's not quite as obvious that we're now officially recording them. Right okay and do you know
+[3318.740 --> 3324.020]  of any journals that are particularly receptive to this type of methodology or have you come across
+[3324.980 --> 3331.300]  any issues with reviewers or journals that you've tried to submit behavioral coding papers to?
+[3332.980 --> 3337.140]  That's a good question too so unfortunately I haven't really had the opportunity to do as much
+[3337.140 --> 3342.980]  many scribriting as I probably should by now. Most of the journals that I've been trying to work with
+[3342.980 --> 3349.940]  have been things like emotion or like the journals that specifically look at nonverbal behaviors
+[3349.940 --> 3354.820]  but in terms of the articles I've come across that seems like it really could be almost any
+[3354.820 --> 3361.140]  article or sorry almost any journal based on the primary research questions so if for example
+[3361.140 --> 3365.620]  you're looking at nonverbal behavior in the context of the tension in mind wandering a more
+[3365.620 --> 3370.020]  cognitive journal would probably be fine or maybe even a more nonverbal behavior related one
+[3370.020 --> 3374.100]  would be fine too. It seems like there is a little bit of flexibility depending on if you're
+[3374.100 --> 3380.420]  looking at the nonverbal aspect versus everything else that the study is focused on. In terms of
+[3380.420 --> 3387.220]  review or comments I think the ones that I come across most have been like training details so a lot
+[3387.220 --> 3391.460]  of the ones that I've been trying to publish have been do-it-yourself coding scheme so talking
+[3391.460 --> 3396.500]  about where the code came from and are you sure these really do code behaviors that you want them to
+[3396.500 --> 3400.420]  and how to do train coders to ensure that they all were able to code these things.
+[3401.060 --> 3406.580]  So sort of adding extra details for those do-it-yourself coding schemes as opposed to one
+[3406.580 --> 3411.220]  that's already established where it really might just be we use the coding scheme here's the alpha
+[3411.220 --> 3415.700]  okay everyone's on the same page school where it doesn't really require a lot more extra detail.
+[3416.340 --> 3423.140]  Right great and one last question we're almost out of time this is from Marie how do you usually
+[3423.140 --> 3428.580]  obtain your sample or practice videos for participants to code or sorry your RA's question.
+[3429.460 --> 3435.060]  So oftentimes I'll really just go on YouTube and find what I can find that isn't always the best
+[3435.060 --> 3440.420]  option so for example this past summer I was spending way too much trying to look for
+[3440.420 --> 3446.020]  couples arguing on YouTube videos that was a weird rabbit hole if you're ever you free time try
+[3446.020 --> 3450.500]  finding videos a couple of argue on YouTube it's pretty entertaining but finding some videos can
+[3450.500 --> 3455.460]  be a little bit difficult there are certain ones where it's more like a training video maybe for
+[3455.460 --> 3461.220]  therapy for example where they're like I don't know Bob does this and whatever their wife's name
+[3461.220 --> 3466.580]  like does this kind of thing where they almost interject in between the actual argument and that's
+[3466.580 --> 3470.900]  not really as helpful for the coding practice because you want it to be more realistic.
+[3470.900 --> 3477.380]  One other time you can find more realistic videos what people have uploaded so oftentimes I'll
+[3477.380 --> 3483.460]  try to use whatever might be publicly available for things like YouTube there are some labs where
+[3483.540 --> 3488.580]  as come across people using movies for coding which sometimes you would choose to the only
+[3488.580 --> 3493.460]  downside is to movies oftentimes will change the focus of the camera so like it's looking at their
+[3493.460 --> 3497.940]  face now it's from the other person's perspective so it doesn't really have both people there the
+[3497.940 --> 3502.420]  whole time that the scene is playing out and that can be a little bit difficult to code people
+[3502.420 --> 3506.500]  if they're flipping back and forth between say like a group of people as opposed to like one
+[3506.500 --> 3512.660]  individual person yeah I'd say movies and potential YouTube but there are probably other options
+[3513.060 --> 3516.500]  I haven't really come across that might be even better for practice videos.
+[3518.420 --> 3525.140]  Okay well we are out of time thank you so much for sharing that with us Caitlin there are there
+[3525.140 --> 3530.260]  I think there's one more question but I would direct anyone who has any more questions for Caitlin
+[3530.260 --> 3538.420]  her email address is on the slide there and so a big thank you for helping us with this talk
+[3538.500 --> 3543.780]  and thank you to all of our attendees I'd also like to extend a special thanks to the
+[3543.780 --> 3548.100]  specific staff and the graduate student committee in particular thank you so much Sarah
+[3548.100 --> 3555.300]  Sarah Mancull or policy director Angela Robinson our graduate student committee leader and Cindy
+[3555.300 --> 3559.780]  Lucas our communications director for conceiving coordinating and promoting this webinar
+[3561.540 --> 3566.020]  and I just want to remind everyone to check out our social media accounts to watch this
+[3566.020 --> 3571.140]  presentation again and or to learn more about future webinars and other opportunities that are
+[3571.140 --> 3576.660]  offered by Spicie. So Sarah I'll hand it over to you do you have anything to add before we close
+[3576.660 --> 3583.700]  this session? Yes Katie if you can advance to the last slide I have a few pieces of information
+[3583.700 --> 3593.300]  for people. The food email webinar that's perfect I would like to thank you so much I learned a
+[3593.300 --> 3599.860]  lot today and Megan the question and answer session was fascinating I think actually it's the best
+[3599.860 --> 3606.660]  Q&A session I've ever heard please note as listed on this final slide that we are going to be
+[3606.660 --> 3614.500]  sponsoring several upcoming webinars in early 2018 so far the webinars are policy focused but we
+[3614.500 --> 3621.540]  are looking for methodology focused webinars so if you have an idea for a webinar please submit
+[3621.540 --> 3628.580]  your abstract the link is right there on the page you can also find a video of this recording this
+[3628.580 --> 3635.620]  webinar recording on our YouTube channel and within the next 48 hours and if you're interested
+[3635.620 --> 3641.540]  in learning more about Spicie our current grant opportunities our fellowship programs and our
+[3641.540 --> 3648.500]  conference opportunities please visit our website and I hope to see you again at one of our future
+[3648.500 --> 3655.460]  webinars thanks everyone thank you so much

transcript/webinar_7riF5t6LMEA.txt

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+[0.000 --> 10.000]  So it's now one minute after 4 o'clock, center European time, and I think it's time for us to start the webinar.
+[10.000 --> 17.000]  And we actually got a little sneak peek out the speakers, so they are eager to go ahead, so I think we better get going.
+[17.000 --> 28.000]  So I would say a warm, warm welcome to this webinar and this webinar's got the title, learn how to develop gesture control applications using radar and edge I.
+[28.000 --> 41.000]  And this webinar is arranged by in Magymob. So it's great to see that we have so many that wants to learn the latest and the greatest about how to develop these gesture control applications.
+[41.000 --> 46.000]  And we're really pleased to have all of you here today.
+[47.000 --> 56.000]  And before I introduce the speakers to you, I just want to inform you that this webinar will go on for approximately an hour.
+[56.000 --> 65.000]  And in the end of this webinar, we will do a Q&A session. So you can get answers for all your interesting and nice questions.
+[65.000 --> 74.000]  And this questionnaire thing or question functionality, you can access it in the good to webinar control panel. It's easy to find.
+[74.000 --> 79.000]  You just type in your questions there. You can type in your questions whenever you want.
+[79.000 --> 83.000]  And we will of course do them our best to answer in the end.
+[83.000 --> 94.000]  The rest of the participants will not see your questions. So please don't hesitate ask the questions whenever you want during the webinar using this functionality.
+[94.000 --> 108.000]  So I guess it's time now for me to introduce today's speakers. So we have with us two great speakers, Alexander Somerson and he's the CEO and co founder of Magymob.
+[108.000 --> 118.000]  And we also have Sam at the head of projects and customer groups. So Sam and Alex, are you there?
+[118.000 --> 119.000]  Yes, we are.
+[119.000 --> 126.000]  Yes, you are. Can I sound everything. So please introduce yourselves.
+[126.000 --> 135.000]  Thank you, Losh. My name is Alexander Somerson. Slosh said I'm the CEO and one of three co founders at the Magymob.
+[135.000 --> 149.000]  And I lead the development of Magymob AI, which is an end to end service for building a GI applications, which we will take a in depth look at today.
+[149.000 --> 156.000]  And when founding Magymob together with my co founders in in 2013.
+[156.000 --> 174.000]  And the rest of the guys had a very strong belief that AI should be moved away from the cloud where it resides today towards the edge on to the actual devices and sound source where the data is generated.
+[174.000 --> 187.000]  So if you do that, if you move the application there, you get a lot of benefits and you can build applications that you simply can't build if you deploy the in the cloud.
+[187.000 --> 193.000]  And one of those applications is what we will actually build together in this webinar.
+[193.000 --> 213.000]  So by processing and running they are locally, you can react to your world surrounding world in in a few milliseconds to you can create truly real time applications, but you can also make those applications back repowered.
+[213.000 --> 221.000]  I've been involved in more than 25 edge AI projects in some form since founding in Magymob.
+[221.000 --> 232.000]  Some of them all the way from collecting data to actually deploying a commercial edge AI model in in the wild.
+[232.000 --> 253.000]  And I was part of the delivering one of the world's first commercial edge AI models in 2018 where it was running inside of watch for the elderly to detect false and warn their relatives and that's a real product that is using a GI from Magymob.
+[253.000 --> 267.000]  And another example is what I've helped develop through development of our tools, which is an AM model running inside of the world's first gesture controlled in earphones.
+[267.000 --> 275.000]  And that application is very similar to the application that we will develop together today.
+[275.000 --> 277.000]  And all my side here I have.
+[277.000 --> 284.000]  Thank you. So I'm Sam out here and I'm head of the projects like customers team at the Magymob.
+[284.000 --> 297.000]  So what I do is I actually leave the customer support on the project develop and so I work a lot with customers and figuring out what customers want and helping them build the perfect models.
+[297.000 --> 315.000]  So I during my time at the Magymob I worked with the many end to end customer projects and what I mean by end to end is going all the way from the data collection planning all the way to actually building a model and then eventually deploying on a hardware device.
+[315.000 --> 324.000]  And that could be regarding the hardware part that's typically demonstrators and perforced concepts.
+[324.000 --> 330.000]  So I work a lot with the software part, the firmware part and the hardware.
+[330.000 --> 336.000]  And my background is in electrical engineering.
+[336.000 --> 344.000]  So great. Now you introduce so so I guess you're you're taking from here now guys.
+[344.000 --> 352.000]  Yes, let's get started. So before we jump into actually starting building the application today.
+[352.000 --> 357.000]  Let's walk through the tools and the different components that we would use.
+[357.000 --> 367.000]  So first of all, to accomplish this, we're going to use Magymob AI, which is an end service to build these kinds of applications.
+[367.000 --> 378.000]  And by using Magymob AI, a single engineer or a small team can build edge applications, very high performance applications.
+[378.000 --> 382.000]  And these applications can be developed very quickly.
+[382.000 --> 385.000]  So this application that you will see today.
+[385.000 --> 396.000]  And the first time we actually built it and put it on this sensor, it took us six months to get a first demo like this in place.
+[396.000 --> 403.000]  So this really makes this process much more screen line.
+[403.000 --> 409.000]  And here on the screen, you see all of these different steps that we will go through today.
+[409.000 --> 419.000]  So first we will collect and annotate high quality data from our radar sensor, I would soon show you how this sensor looks.
+[419.000 --> 423.000]  And we will manage this data into different data sets.
+[423.000 --> 428.000]  We will also look at the data inside of the tool to understand it.
+[428.000 --> 433.000]  And then we will build and train great AI models.
+[433.000 --> 438.000]  And we will look at one of those models to evaluate it and assess that it's good.
+[438.000 --> 447.000]  And then we will select the best model and optimize and package it for running on the actual hardware.
+[447.000 --> 459.000]  And the final step that you don't see here is that we will actually show this model running on the hardware in real time, so that you can see how well it works.
+[459.000 --> 469.000]  And at the end of the webinar, you will have all the knowledge and you will get access to all of the tools to do this yourselves.
+[469.000 --> 473.000]  So you can replicate this exact application yourself.
+[473.000 --> 483.000]  And we have customers already today using this tool to build radar control applications using radar.
+[483.000 --> 491.000]  But you are the first large group of people that we open this opportunity up for.
+[491.000 --> 500.000]  So what I want to emphasize here is to stay to the end of the webinar, because then we will get the full access to Madmon Bay.
+[500.000 --> 503.000]  And then we will have a full functionality.
+[503.000 --> 512.000]  And the 10th first of you to sign up will also get the radar development board for free.
+[512.000 --> 519.000]  And then with the radar development board, you will have to incorporate them with today's webinar.
+[519.000 --> 526.000]  You will have everything that you need to actually build your own models and run in life.
+[527.000 --> 537.000]  Let's have a look at the set up and the different components that we will be using and then we'll jump straight into it.
+[537.000 --> 543.000]  So first of all.
+[543.000 --> 547.000]  On the top, on the bottom right corner of.
+[547.000 --> 550.000]  And you can see the actual radar sensor.
+[550.000 --> 557.000]  So this is the world's smallest tools for here and radar sensor.
+[557.000 --> 561.000]  It's made by a company called Acronir.
+[561.000 --> 564.000]  And it's extremely low power.
+[564.000 --> 572.000]  So it fits very well with the low power small resource AI application that we will build.
+[573.000 --> 578.000]  This radar, it's mounted on a development work.
+[578.000 --> 583.000]  And then it's connected to our PC here through a USB cable.
+[583.000 --> 590.000]  So that's the device that we will use to collect the data will perform gestures in front of it.
+[590.000 --> 599.000]  And then we will capture that data and using a terminal terminal application that you see on the screen here.
+[599.000 --> 606.000]  And once we have captured some data, we will move over to.
+[606.000 --> 610.000]  To the maximum studio for the rest of the steps in the process.
+[610.000 --> 617.000]  So in here in this application, we will look at the data build models and.
+[617.000 --> 620.000]  Take you through the whole process.
+[620.000 --> 623.000]  So what do you think? Should we get started?
+[623.000 --> 625.000]  Yeah, let's jump into it.
+[629.000 --> 639.000]  So yeah, we have this application and this is kind of an integration with our capture server for the Acronir radar.
+[639.000 --> 651.000]  And this tool is actually we created an open source so every person can use this or create their own custom integration if they want to integrate with the different sensor.
+[651.000 --> 662.000]  So what we're doing now is we're running this Acronir radar local capture server and then setting a path to store the data passing in some sensor configuration file.
+[662.000 --> 668.000]  And then choosing the you want the connection and the camera and the cameras.
+[668.000 --> 673.000]  We will show it later what it's useful, but so vital part.
+[673.000 --> 680.000]  So let's run this and all of this configuration instructions will be available for you after the web.
+[680.000 --> 688.000]  Yeah, so this is based on our tutorial project, which is available to all customers.
+[688.000 --> 694.000]  So we can see that it started now and it's recording the video.
+[694.000 --> 701.000]  But to actually save the data, we have to hit R so you can see in the commands here, show you what you.
+[701.000 --> 702.000]  What you can do.
+[702.000 --> 707.000]  So let's start the recording and then we're actually collecting data.
+[707.000 --> 714.000]  So let's do a wiggle gesture and then vertical finger rotation.
+[714.000 --> 720.000]  And then push and these are the three gestures that will be showing today.
+[720.000 --> 721.000]  So let's do it again.
+[721.000 --> 723.000]  Let's do it in a different way.
+[723.000 --> 728.000]  So about the company rotation push.
+[728.000 --> 732.000]  And the hand.
+[732.000 --> 744.000]  And let's get some data from it to some.
+[744.000 --> 751.000]  So once we're done with the data collection, then we hit stop button and now it actually saves the video.
+[751.000 --> 757.000]  Then we can jump into the studio application.
+[757.000 --> 767.000]  So now we're actually done with the first part with collected some or yeah, we've collected some data from from the device.
+[767.000 --> 772.000]  So the first thing to do.
+[772.000 --> 777.000]  Is to actually load the data and this is the file that.
+[777.000 --> 785.000]  So we've loaded this project and now we have this new folder, but all the data that we just collected.
+[785.000 --> 791.000]  And we can see that it's what the time now.
+[791.000 --> 802.000]  So the maybe Alex, you can talk a bit about the studio while I import this data and start to label it.
+[802.000 --> 808.000]  Yeah, so all of the file formats that we're using here, they are open standard file formats.
+[808.000 --> 825.000]  Of course, easy to import data from that was collected using our tools, but it's also easy to collect or import data that you collected using other tools or data sets that you have found online.
+[825.000 --> 835.000]  But what you see here now on the screen is the recording session that we just made in front of the radar sensor.
+[835.000 --> 842.000]  As Sam told you, we collected both the data from from the radar.
+[842.000 --> 850.000]  And that are that is the plot that you see here moving across the screen in the different course.
+[850.000 --> 856.000]  So that's the actual raw sensor data from from the radar sensor.
+[856.000 --> 862.000]  But we also collected video from from a camera attached to our computer.
+[862.000 --> 877.000]  And that's really powerful because we can now see we can look at the video, we can play back the data and understand what gesture was important because it's impossible to see that from the actual data.
+[877.000 --> 886.000]  And this is a very powerful concept that we keep through the process inside of the nightmare studio.
+[886.000 --> 894.000]  And we put all the data that we collect on this timeline so that you can visualize it, you can play it back.
+[894.000 --> 906.000]  And you're later on going to see how this is really powerful for actually investigating how your AM models that we built later performs.
+[906.000 --> 916.000]  Yeah, and we can see you, especially now how vital it is where the vertical finger rotation actually looks like the unlabeled data.
+[916.000 --> 923.000]  So here we have no data and then we have vertical finger rotation.
+[923.000 --> 929.000]  If you were on if you only had the data, then you wouldn't know that just to actually occur.
+[929.000 --> 938.000]  What we can do is we can also change the visualization of this data and look at it maybe as a heat map.
+[938.000 --> 942.000]  Just to see if we see.
+[942.000 --> 948.000]  Now it's still very difficult to see what what the gesture we're actually performing.
+[948.000 --> 956.000]  But later on when we actually process the data in a nice way, we'll see that you can actually.
+[956.000 --> 959.000]  Make some distinction.
+[959.000 --> 965.000]  So what some did here was that he added labels.
+[965.000 --> 970.000]  So you see this track here.
+[970.000 --> 977.000]  In the bottom of the screen with this blue labels. Now when you want appeared.
+[977.000 --> 990.000]  So what some is doing now is that he's annotating this data is telling the software which event is happening at the at the given time.
+[990.000 --> 1000.000]  And then later on the software will help us to use this annotation to build the AM models.
+[1000.000 --> 1015.000]  So the whole idea here is that you don't have to be an AI expert. You don't have to know much about AI at all in order to go through this process and annotate the data and the ones.
+[1015.000 --> 1021.000]  Exactly.
+[1021.000 --> 1031.000]  We're almost done here with the labeling. We just have one last label to go.
+[1031.000 --> 1037.000]  I think that was no, that was yeah, away.
+[1037.000 --> 1044.000]  So there we've labeled all the data and then it's just about saving it.
+[1044.000 --> 1050.000]  Now we can go to the next part.
+[1050.000 --> 1057.000]  So once we've labeled all of our data in here, you can see that we've already collected some data before.
+[1057.000 --> 1063.000]  The data collection part is actually the most time consuming.
+[1063.000 --> 1072.000]  So over here we collected the data for the wiggle gesture, the push and the vertical finger rotation.
+[1072.000 --> 1077.000]  So we've collected some random data to train the model, not to trigger.
+[1077.000 --> 1082.000]  And some combined just to data so we can look at what happens when you transition.
+[1082.000 --> 1084.000]  Like in this video.
+[1084.000 --> 1089.000]  So what you usually want to do here is that you want to collect data from a number of different people.
+[1089.000 --> 1095.000]  Yeah, so that your model can understand that people perform this gesture slightly differently.
+[1095.000 --> 1098.000]  And for this project that's actually supposed to be a starter project.
+[1098.000 --> 1101.000]  So it's only set up for one person.
+[1101.000 --> 1105.000]  So we'll see that there are some false positives when we go to the live class thing.
+[1105.000 --> 1114.000]  But it's so you can build on top of it and expand it yourself.
+[1114.000 --> 1122.000]  Yeah. So what you see here in this view is that you see all of the data that we've collected previously.
+[1122.000 --> 1136.000]  And now Sam will add the data that we just collected into this project.
+[1136.000 --> 1144.000]  Yeah, and you can actually see that I made a mistake here.
+[1144.000 --> 1150.000]  So you misspelled one of the labels so we got the new gesture.
+[1150.000 --> 1152.000]  We got four gestures on.
+[1152.000 --> 1157.000]  Yeah, maybe this is a good time to talk about the classes that are shown here.
+[1157.000 --> 1162.000]  What you see here in this view is all of the recording sessions.
+[1162.000 --> 1171.000]  And on the right here, you see the different gestures, actually the labels that exist in each of those files.
+[1171.000 --> 1174.000]  So we have three different gestures.
+[1174.000 --> 1180.000]  And since we missed type one, we got four different gestures.
+[1180.000 --> 1191.000]  And now the software actually spotted that error and it's warning us that, well, one of these gesture only occurred once.
+[1191.000 --> 1197.000]  Because in this view, you can also see this set colon.
+[1197.000 --> 1207.000]  And when we have the data to a project, it gets distributed across three different data sets, which we will soon get into and explain.
+[1207.000 --> 1211.000]  But before we do that, we can go back and correct this error.
+[1211.000 --> 1220.000]  Yeah, and you can see it further here where we see that we have this vertical, which is supposed to be vertical brought for vacation.
+[1220.000 --> 1226.000]  And it only has one label and it's only four seconds and zero for the other categories.
+[1226.000 --> 1233.000]  So we'll go back to this and it's actually not this one.
+[1233.000 --> 1237.000]  It's actually this one.
+[1237.000 --> 1244.000]  So let's fix this and then we'll save the chain.
+[1244.000 --> 1253.000]  Now, let's normally you can rescan, but it takes some time to scan everything.
+[1253.000 --> 1273.000]  And just delete this one and re-info it.
+[1273.000 --> 1279.000]  And then we just.
+[1279.000 --> 1292.000]  Thank you, my tattoo remove it from the symbols or do we let's rescan.
+[1292.000 --> 1299.000]  Maybe I didn't save it.
+[1299.000 --> 1302.000]  Okay, let's go to the symbols.
+[1302.000 --> 1306.000]  So now it detected that there's no data for that symbol.
+[1306.000 --> 1311.000]  And then let's re-info it.
+[1311.000 --> 1323.000]  So this view is a great help actually making sure that all of your data is consistent and well distributed and it contains no errors.
+[1323.000 --> 1335.000]  So you have, for example, different frequencies here or you have files that are not annotated, you get warnings for that.
+[1335.000 --> 1340.000]  So there's a lot of things that can go wrong with your data in an air program.
+[1340.000 --> 1344.000]  So having this as a help confirming the data is very important.
+[1344.000 --> 1352.000]  Yeah, and you get so by sorting this we can see if there exists errors or warnings for specific files.
+[1352.000 --> 1360.000]  And we see that there are no labels in these files, but that's expected because this first week empty and random gestures.
+[1360.000 --> 1364.000]  So it goes into the unlabeled class.
+[1364.000 --> 1366.000]  So now it looks fine.
+[1366.000 --> 1371.000]  Yeah, so this is the file that we have that we collected.
+[1371.000 --> 1375.000]  We can see that the name matters and now it has the right.
+[1375.000 --> 1378.000]  So that's the configuration.
+[1378.000 --> 1381.000]  So let's go on.
+[1381.000 --> 1385.000]  And now what we're looking at is the distribution for the different sets.
+[1385.000 --> 1391.000]  So when you first import the data that the science to run to yeah, around them set.
+[1391.000 --> 1395.000]  But then you can fine tune this with this.
+[1395.000 --> 1403.000]  In this window, for example, to set the target sizes by default. It's actually 60, 20, 20 right out.
+[1403.000 --> 1408.000]  And maybe we should talk a little bit about the purpose of these different sets.
+[1408.000 --> 1410.000]  Yeah.
+[1410.000 --> 1414.000]  So we have the train validation and test set.
+[1414.000 --> 1420.000]  And the training set makes up the majority of the data.
+[1420.000 --> 1424.000]  And that's what you actually use for training the model.
+[1424.000 --> 1429.000]  And then you use the validation for fine tuning your hyper parameters.
+[1430.000 --> 1433.000]  And so it's inside the training process.
+[1433.000 --> 1434.000]  And the final.
+[1434.000 --> 1438.000]  When you're done with the training, then you test your model on the test.
+[1438.000 --> 1450.000]  Yes, you can look at these sets as the purpose of the test sets is to see how the model behaves on data that has never been optimized for in any way.
+[1450.000 --> 1455.000]  Meaning it simulates how this model will behave in the real world.
+[1455.000 --> 1456.000]  Exactly.
+[1457.000 --> 1466.000]  And you can build on top of this concept by having special test files that you include in your test set and they could be.
+[1466.000 --> 1478.000]  Things with random gestures that you might think would be close, for example, a waving just to see, OK, I trained on these gestures, but I only wanted to do these three.
+[1478.000 --> 1483.000]  You don't want it to pick up random gestures as these false ones.
+[1483.000 --> 1486.000]  So that could be something interesting to add to the test set.
+[1486.000 --> 1496.000]  And in the end, having an extensive test helps you save time by not needing to actually test the model in in a life scenario every time.
+[1496.000 --> 1498.000]  It can be more comfortable to start.
+[1498.000 --> 1506.000]  And you're starting out here, you have really good presets and the full values and then you can tune it any which way you want.
+[1506.000 --> 1507.000]  Exactly.
+[1507.000 --> 1511.000]  But let's move on to the next step.
+[1511.000 --> 1512.000]  The symbols.
+[1512.000 --> 1515.000]  So we've looked at this.
+[1515.000 --> 1525.000]  Before slightly when we were removing the other false class that we miss labeled, but maybe you can talk a bit about this Alex.
+[1525.000 --> 1532.000]  The purpose of this time is to give you an overview of all of the data that you have.
+[1532.000 --> 1538.000]  So what you see here is how much data we have from each different gesture in this case.
+[1538.000 --> 1544.000]  I want to typically look for in an AI product is to have a balanced data set.
+[1544.000 --> 1552.000]  So you want typically as much data, equal amount of data from all of the three gestures in this case.
+[1552.000 --> 1558.000]  But you can actually looked at the data in different ways.
+[1558.000 --> 1567.000]  So here we see it in time how much data we have in each gesture in each data set.
+[1567.000 --> 1580.000]  But you can also look at it by the actual label count, for example, to see how many occurrences of a label that we have.
+[1580.000 --> 1584.000]  So here you get this this overview, this quick view.
+[1584.000 --> 1590.000]  But you can also go in here and you can change the weight for different classes.
+[1590.000 --> 1601.000]  And that can be really useful because you might have a gesture that is really easy for the amulet to learn because it's simple and easy to perform and everybody does the same.
+[1601.000 --> 1609.000]  And then you might not want you might not need to put that much emphasis on that class.
+[1609.000 --> 1618.000]  And here you can see with the push gesture, which is a very simple gesture that we put the smaller weight on that class compared to the others.
+[1618.000 --> 1619.000]  Yeah.
+[1619.000 --> 1633.000]  So this is kind of a bit different than what you expect because by starting out, you should set this to so that it has double the weight during the training process.
+[1633.000 --> 1636.000]  And that bounces it out with other classes.
+[1636.000 --> 1650.000]  The reason why it was actually trained was 0.5 and this is we will see this a bit later is that the push classes actually a lot easier to detect than the other two classes.
+[1650.000 --> 1658.000]  So in the end, the model actually picks it up very easily and then adds up leading to some false positives.
+[1658.000 --> 1669.000]  So by default, you want to pick a ratio such that all the classes are balanced, but then there's lots of opportunity for optimization.
+[1669.000 --> 1676.000]  So this is not going to typically play around with doing a product.
+[1676.000 --> 1686.000]  So let's go on to the next part and now we actually do so up until here we're actually dealing primarily with data labels.
+[1686.000 --> 1692.000]  And then the next part we're actually going to go into the first step of the model building process.
+[1692.000 --> 1693.000]  That's true.
+[1693.000 --> 1700.000]  So this is a part that's us engineer really loves of course.
+[1700.000 --> 1710.000]  This pre-processing tab here is it's it's a well kept secret for succeeding in an NJI product.
+[1710.000 --> 1723.000]  Because what we're doing here is that we're pre-processing the data looking at the data in a different way compared to just looking at the world data that we showed earlier.
+[1723.000 --> 1738.000]  And we will show you how how this looks, but by adding some good pre pre-processing pipeline in front of your AM model, you help the model.
+[1738.000 --> 1749.000]  So that has two benefits. I mean with good pre-processing, you can get away with collecting a lot less data and collecting data is very expensive.
+[1749.000 --> 1763.000]  It takes a lot of time. But you also end up with a much smaller model with higher performance. So we'll use less memory and less processing power on the device.
+[1763.000 --> 1770.000]  So we have put a lot of effort into this part of in an nightmare AI.
+[1770.000 --> 1781.000]  So if you click on the plus symbol here, Sam, you see that we have we have a library of pre-processing functions, which you can use.
+[1781.000 --> 1787.000]  You stack them together like Lego bricks to get this pipeline.
+[1787.000 --> 1791.000]  And you can combine them in many different ways.
+[1792.000 --> 1801.000]  You will get access to the pipeline that we built here. So we have already a big pipeline for this particular sensor.
+[1801.000 --> 1807.000]  Yeah. So essentially everything that we will show here.
+[1807.000 --> 1812.000]  You all have access to once do say after the free trial.
+[1812.000 --> 1817.000]  So maybe we should talk a little bit what we do actually in this pre-processing pipeline.
+[1817.000 --> 1831.000]  Yeah. So what we do is we actually reshape the data. And this was actually the after the reshape that's actually the output of the sensor we've flattened it to have it in a nice CSP format.
+[1831.000 --> 1837.000]  So we have one of our times them. So we just reshape it back to the original form.
+[1838.000 --> 1852.000]  And then we perform a bit of cleaning on the data. So with the average subtraction to normalize it and then the hot smooth it to apply some filtering and to make it better to work with.
+[1852.000 --> 1856.000]  And then we apply it for your transform.
+[1857.000 --> 1864.000]  So up until this point by dealing with time domain and then now we're actually converting it to a frequency domain.
+[1864.000 --> 1873.000]  And then what we do is that we take the magnitude because the output of the for your transform is a complex value.
+[1873.000 --> 1877.000]  So we take the magnitude of that complex value.
+[1878.000 --> 1892.000]  And then we end up with this 33 free shape. And what this is actually showing at this point is that the radar works in a way that collects data at multiple distance points.
+[1892.000 --> 1903.000]  So this is actually showing us that for three different distance points, we have an array of 33 frequency values and manage.
+[1904.000 --> 1925.000]  So what we're doing in this step is that we're solving the outer dimension, so the distance point. And then so you have data that's a bit further away is becomes the also prominent if you move it forward because then it doesn't matter on which level that date actually is.
+[1925.000 --> 1932.000]  So the purpose is to get the same pattern if someone is performing the gesture closer to sensor or further away exactly.
+[1932.000 --> 1958.000]  And then the last thing is that we are summing up a set of values over a period of time. So what the what this is showing is that we're taking this this output and this output is for every time stamp. So every every single sample you have this vector of say 33 and we are.
+[1959.000 --> 1971.000]  Combining data over 78 the time points and with the sampling frequency that we have, which is 39, this means that we're looking at two seconds of data.
+[1974.000 --> 1981.000]  With two seconds of data together and let them all don't classify that exactly. But now we're going to look at this.
+[1982.000 --> 1983.000]  People sensing right.
+[1983.840 --> 1999.000]  Yeah. So if you would want to visualize it and for the visualization aspect, you want to visualize for every single data points. So you would remove the sliding winter. And then in this case, we have shown that here.
+[2000.000 --> 2018.000]  So we have the exact same processing, but we remove the last values. So we do it for every time point. And we do it for only two of the two of the most interesting data. And we can even add the one that we actually collected now.
+[2024.000 --> 2027.000]  So then you would hit the page track.
+[2029.000 --> 2033.000]  And then it's now applying this processing to the data.
+[2036.000 --> 2039.000]  So yeah.
+[2040.000 --> 2043.000]  And the processing and.
+[2045.000 --> 2047.000]  Take some time with that there it's done.
+[2047.000 --> 2055.000]  Yeah. And then so once it's done, you get this new folder called pre-processed for and then you can open it up.
+[2056.000 --> 2065.000]  And then what we see here is that we have now generated the frequency transform for for this data.
+[2068.000 --> 2075.000]  So we can see here is the original data, the new process data and then the original labels.
+[2076.000 --> 2079.000]  So what do you usually look for here some to.
+[2080.000 --> 2083.000]  To know if your people assessing by fine is good.
+[2083.000 --> 2092.000]  Yeah, so the most important thing is actually separation between your classes and those goes for everything not just just as you want to be able.
+[2093.000 --> 2100.000]  If you can find the distinction between the different classes, then the model will be able to as well.
+[2101.000 --> 2112.000]  So we hear we see that the poich is very prominent with a unique feature. And we see that the way gold is also.
+[2114.000 --> 2119.000]  It's a bit hard to see on camera, but it also has some properties.
+[2119.000 --> 2132.000]  The vertical finger rotation is a bit weaker, where so what we see here is the time domain, the frequency and the color is the represents the magnitude of frequency.
+[2133.000 --> 2139.000]  So this is my vertical finger rotation, we can go to the end and see if Alex is any different.
+[2140.000 --> 2145.000]  We can see that Alex was actually better at doing the vertical finger rotation.
+[2145.000 --> 2154.000]  I see that it's a bit better, so it kind of starts off small and increases when it goes down.
+[2154.000 --> 2161.000]  But assuming out you can actually see that the art, their similarities in our gestures.
+[2161.000 --> 2167.000]  So if you look at the cushions, it's similar, but mine is a little bit weaker in the intensity.
+[2167.000 --> 2170.000]  And some of the weight.
+[2170.000 --> 2175.000]  So this means that we've probably had some pretty okay, pretty processing it.
+[2175.000 --> 2190.000]  Yeah, but I would say that it also means that it can be improved a bit, perhaps because we can see the majority of the frequency spectrum is actually not utilized or some kind of scaling of the values would be very beneficial.
+[2190.000 --> 2195.000]  And then you would make the vertical rotation more prominent.
+[2195.000 --> 2200.000]  So once looking at this, you can decide if you're happy with the processing or not.
+[2200.000 --> 2204.000]  And in this case, we want to go ahead with it.
+[2204.000 --> 2211.000]  So we go back and we want to commit to this and then we go to the next step.
+[2211.000 --> 2217.000]  And this step was the model, it's the actual model generation part.
+[2217.000 --> 2220.000]  And maybe you can talk a bit about the challenge.
+[2221.000 --> 2230.000]  Our vision when we designed imagine obey was that anyone should be able to create really good NGI models.
+[2230.000 --> 2236.000]  So we have a auto machine learning functionality in here.
+[2236.000 --> 2244.000]  So using the software and some will show us you can follow a little wizard here.
+[2244.000 --> 2254.000]  The software will actually generate at least the different models that will work well for the data that it has as inputs.
+[2254.000 --> 2266.000]  So we put a lot of work into creating an algorithm that can generate models that will work really well and have a really low footprint.
+[2266.000 --> 2271.000]  But it is anyone can use this to build really good models.
+[2271.000 --> 2277.000]  But we still want to be transparent and we don't want to limit AI experts.
+[2277.000 --> 2286.000]  So if you're an expert, you can go into any of these models, you can look at all of the parameters and you can change them.
+[2286.000 --> 2289.000]  Remove or add stuff yourself.
+[2289.000 --> 2295.000]  So that's what we believe in everyone should be able to use it, but no one should be limited by it.
+[2295.000 --> 2297.000]  Exactly.
+[2297.000 --> 2301.000]  You can also add the your own layers.
+[2301.000 --> 2308.000]  So, but let's go ahead and generate a list of models.
+[2308.000 --> 2310.000]  Yeah, so let's.
+[2310.000 --> 2319.000]  So we're doing now is we're going to select that we want a combination of two generated structures with two.
+[2319.000 --> 2323.000]  So each structure having two sets of hyper parameters.
+[2323.000 --> 2327.000]  So a structure in this case is a neural network.
+[2327.000 --> 2333.000]  So the kinds of the kind of models that we're working with here are deep neural networks.
+[2333.000 --> 2335.000]  And.
+[2335.000 --> 2343.000]  Different models structures. They will be different depth and different kinds of layers and different combinations.
+[2343.000 --> 2362.000]  And then, as Sam said, each structure can have different parameters controlling how fast it learns how well it should generalize and how quickly it should forget things it learned in the past.
+[2362.000 --> 2370.000]  So by setting these, this first one to two and other to two, you will end up with four models in total.
+[2370.000 --> 2372.000]  Yeah, exactly.
+[2372.000 --> 2383.000]  And these generated models, they're based on our experience with building AI models for many different parts.
+[2383.000 --> 2396.000]  And then the last thing is that we have the label strategy and we won't go too much into that, but the most frequently used one should be the default, which is most frequent.
+[2396.000 --> 2404.000]  I'm not called that for that reason, but we're going to stick to the default, but you can read more about it in the documentation.
+[2404.000 --> 2405.000]  Yeah.
+[2405.000 --> 2412.000]  So let's go ahead and do that and we expect that there will be two times to set some models.
+[2412.000 --> 2421.000]  So now we see that we generated two different structures, one with the LSTM and then one without.
+[2421.000 --> 2427.000]  And then now we have two sets of those.
+[2427.000 --> 2437.000]  And these models are actually fairly complex. I mean, they contain some complicated layers, but you will see that we are able to optimize them really well at the end.
+[2437.000 --> 2439.000]  So what's the next step now?
+[2439.000 --> 2444.000]  Once you're up to this point, you are essentially and the clear and you can start training.
+[2444.000 --> 2449.000]  So we'll go to the next step and we will start a new training job.
+[2449.000 --> 2456.000]  And then you can change the job name if you would like to and the description, but we will go ahead with the default.
+[2456.000 --> 2459.000]  So let's stop this training.
+[2459.000 --> 2463.000]  We'll log in.
+[2463.000 --> 2466.000]  And then it's uploading the job to the cloud.
+[2466.000 --> 2477.000]  And so this will upload the data files, the labels and the pre processing information right Alex.
+[2477.000 --> 2480.000]  That's correct. So everything goes start cloud service.
+[2480.000 --> 2486.000]  So you can you can train a lot of different models in parallel and you can do it.
+[2486.000 --> 2493.000]  You know, during night, you can use your computer to work on other stuff without using any of your local resources.
+[2493.000 --> 2503.000]  Yeah, exactly. So you can try out different processing. You can try out different weights. You can try out different sizes for the sliding window and then run them and how.
+[2503.000 --> 2510.000]  So let's. So now we are uploading this, but let's look at.
+[2510.000 --> 2512.000]  One we already have.
+[2512.000 --> 2519.000]  So you could see that now this job is starting, but it will take some time.
+[2519.000 --> 2527.000]  Let's look at something that I've already trained. And in this case, we're showing.
+[2527.000 --> 2532.000]  I trained 25 models.
+[2532.000 --> 2538.000]  And so that would be five times five.
+[2538.000 --> 2542.000]  And let's go ahead and sort them by.
+[2542.000 --> 2550.000]  So we're showing the test, the one score. So what we're showing here is that we have the performance metrics for the.
+[2550.000 --> 2557.000]  Train validation and test set, and we have the accuracy and the one score as well as the number of parameters.
+[2557.000 --> 2561.000]  So you know something about how big this model is.
+[2561.000 --> 2568.000]  That's very useful to know and advance that it will fit in your target device or not.
+[2568.000 --> 2576.000]  And you can look at each model a bit in depth. So we'll just by selecting it. You get this confusion matrix.
+[2576.000 --> 2582.000]  So there's what do you usually look for in order to select the best models up?
+[2582.000 --> 2590.000]  Typically, I take the one with the best f1 score because it took it summary of all the different performances.
+[2590.000 --> 2599.000]  But I do also, if I have in such as in this case, we have point nine one and point nine zero.
+[2599.000 --> 2604.000]  Then you might also want to look at this is actually a third of the size.
+[2604.000 --> 2607.000]  So that's important.
+[2607.000 --> 2613.000]  You also might look at what are the weaknesses of this model. For example, let's look at the test set.
+[2613.000 --> 2618.000]  And this one you have the vertical rotation is not very good.
+[2618.000 --> 2624.000]  Whereas for this one, it's it's.
+[2624.000 --> 2627.000]  It's about the same, but this one also has the.
+[2627.000 --> 2636.000]  Some weakness in the wiggle versus the vertical finger rotation. So what do you actually see here in this matrix here?
+[2636.000 --> 2642.000]  Yeah, so where we're having is the actual label at the top. So we have the post vertical and wiggle.
+[2642.000 --> 2647.000]  That's what we actually label the data. And then we have the predicted model.
+[2647.000 --> 2657.000]  So what you want to have is to very high green diagonal line, where it's classifying the correct.
+[2657.000 --> 2665.000]  Prediction for the actual label and the low value in the other locations.
+[2665.000 --> 2681.000]  So if we mark this cell here, we see that here is where this data was actually labeled as vertical finger rotation, but the most misinterpreted some of the data as wiggle.
+[2681.000 --> 2683.000]  Yeah, exactly.
+[2683.000 --> 2698.000]  And then you have a lot more information about the model performance. We also have some loss and accuracy for to get an idea of how the training went.
+[2698.000 --> 2706.000]  Hello guys, this is yours. I have a question actually that I think it could be great if you can answer immediately now.
+[2706.000 --> 2718.000]  I'll check with you what you think about it. Is it possible to estimate requirements to MCU resources on the step of processor and model design at this step?
+[2718.000 --> 2729.000]  You can get the rough estimate by by looking at the amount of parameters. So if you have.
+[2729.000 --> 2744.000]  If you have gone through the process and built some edge models and put it on the device, you will have a good feeling of what these number of parameters means in terms of actually memory, actual memory used.
+[2744.000 --> 2754.000]  And the inference time, which is the time it takes the processor to make a prediction from one data comes in.
+[2754.000 --> 2759.000]  Yeah, you can use these numbers to get a fairly good estimate.
+[2759.000 --> 2765.000]  And you also get a more detailed report the latest stage, which will get you.
+[2765.000 --> 2769.000]  Perfect.
+[2769.000 --> 2777.000]  So Sam, what do you think is this this model that we should investigate further?
+[2777.000 --> 2787.000]  So let's pick the top one and then what you would do first is download the evaluation, for example, into the results folder and here I already done it.
+[2787.000 --> 2792.000]  So let's go ahead and open it.
+[2792.000 --> 2796.000]  So we want to close the model in the data.
+[2796.000 --> 2806.000]  So let's look at this FFD folder, which is for the right processing that we just did and then we have the data files.
+[2806.000 --> 2813.000]  So let's look at one of them. Let's look at this combined gesture one, which is interesting.
+[2813.000 --> 2830.000]  What we're doing here is actually we take it once the further than the standard machine learning metrics and we let our computer is our class service has around this model across all of the data that we collected.
+[2830.000 --> 2837.000]  So that we can see exactly how this model performed while it was running a reason.
+[2837.000 --> 2838.000]  Exactly.
+[2838.000 --> 2850.000]  And then we put this again, we're using the timeline paradigm and we're putting it all in the timeline so that we can look at it in detail and play it back.
+[2850.000 --> 2867.000]  So what we see here is still at the top, you see the sensor data from from the radar, but we have some other data here, which is actually the raw output from the model.
+[2867.000 --> 2880.000]  We're not going to go into detail about that, but that's actually you can see how confident the model is about the different gestures being performed at that time.
+[2880.000 --> 2892.000]  So here you can see that it now thinks that the vertical rotation is being performed here and over here when the red one is at the top.
+[2892.000 --> 2897.000]  It thinks that the wiggle gesture is being performed.
+[2897.000 --> 2898.000]  Exactly.
+[2898.000 --> 2908.000]  And so let's go back to the original data and then maybe we can talk a bit about what we see here at the bottom.
+[2908.000 --> 2909.000]  Absolutely.
+[2909.000 --> 2914.000]  So let's zoom out to get a little bit of an overview.
+[2914.000 --> 2928.000]  So what we see here at the very bottom, the lowest blue label track here is our original labels, the one that we labeled at the beginning manually.
+[2928.000 --> 2937.000]  But above that, we see two new tracks and those are actually their predictions by this model on the state that.
+[2937.000 --> 2947.000]  So what Sam is highlighting here, so we have two different versions of that we have the raw predictions.
+[2947.000 --> 2951.000]  And then we have the merge predictions. So let's start with the raw predictions.
+[2951.000 --> 2955.000]  What you see here is every single prediction that the model makes.
+[2955.000 --> 2963.000]  And we talked about this earlier, we have we put everything all the day in a window and we let the model pass by that.
+[2963.000 --> 2973.000]  So here you see the individual two second windows and how the model has classified as being different gestures.
+[2973.000 --> 2979.000]  And the track below it is those predictions merged.
+[2979.000 --> 2996.000]  So then we merge all the windows adjacent windows with the same prediction together into one larger label so that we can get a better overview and easily spot when it moves from one prediction to another.
+[2996.000 --> 2997.000]  Exactly.
+[2997.000 --> 3006.000]  So we can see here that there are some false positives and they are a bit hard to see when you have an output for every single window.
+[3006.000 --> 3014.000]  But when you combine those similar windows together, then you can see that here you have a transition.
+[3014.000 --> 3018.000]  And then here you have a transition back to the correct label.
+[3018.000 --> 3022.000]  And you can see that there is another here.
+[3022.000 --> 3027.000]  Whereas for these other references, so everything is fine.
+[3027.000 --> 3033.000]  And what we can also do here now actually is we can play this file back.
+[3033.000 --> 3035.000]  We'll move to the.
+[3035.000 --> 3037.000]  We'll move to the beginning.
+[3037.000 --> 3046.000]  Okay.
+[3046.000 --> 3054.000]  Now you also see that we get some title, which is what the model predicts.
+[3054.000 --> 3056.000]  So you get that on top of the video.
+[3056.000 --> 3063.000]  So what you can do here is you can really perform a field test in front of your PC.
+[3063.000 --> 3066.000]  So this is extremely powerful.
+[3066.000 --> 3074.000]  You can look at how the model behaves even without the point that we're.
+[3074.000 --> 3082.000]  Actually, quite often you can figure out that you've mislabeled the data while looking in here.
+[3082.000 --> 3092.000]  Yeah, or you see that the person performing the gestures is performing it in a different way than maybe what the model was trained on.
+[3092.000 --> 3105.000]  So it's not so uncommon, especially when you're talking about gestures and it's very hard to actually communicate what you want the person to do.
+[3105.000 --> 3108.000]  So let's.
+[3108.000 --> 3114.000]  So when you're at this point, you have two pathways, one is to go back and improve the model.
+[3114.000 --> 3120.000]  If you're not happy with the performance, so if you're happy with the performance, the next step is to proceed forward.
+[3120.000 --> 3127.000]  So let's go back to our original training job and what we did was we download the day evaluation.
+[3127.000 --> 3131.000]  Now we want to proceed to the next step and actually download the model.
+[3131.000 --> 3138.000]  So we're just downloading a dot H by file and we want to save it to our results, which I have done.
+[3138.000 --> 3142.000]  So.
+[3142.000 --> 3146.000]  That's this model here.
+[3146.000 --> 3149.000]  So yeah, so what do we see here?
+[3149.000 --> 3158.000]  Yeah, so what we're seeing is exactly what we did before we have the processing, which we trained the model on.
+[3158.000 --> 3161.000]  And that's built into the dot H by file.
+[3161.000 --> 3168.000]  And we have the actual network that we generated and this is the best network, the one that we selected.
+[3168.000 --> 3175.000]  And then we have some built in metrics to help us keep track of the different models.
+[3175.000 --> 3185.000]  And then the most interesting part is that once you have the model, you can generate the C code.
+[3185.000 --> 3199.000]  And what we do is we actually generate the C code for the network players, but we also generate the C code for the processing that's included in the studio.
+[3199.000 --> 3205.000]  And then we just use something that a lot of frameworks forget.
+[3205.000 --> 3213.000]  They can they haven't made a way of optimizing the actual network part of the model, but forget that.
+[3213.000 --> 3220.000]  Talked to master pre processing or even having pre processing part that you can actually run on that device.
+[3220.000 --> 3228.000]  Yeah, and the running an MFT and pipe and there's fine and easy but running an FFT and see that is not so easy to write.
+[3228.000 --> 3232.000]  So it's not something that you can do in an afternoon.
+[3232.000 --> 3243.000]  So okay, we have this model. Let's go ahead and build the C code. So we have the build edge and now it's complaining that we already have it, but we want to operate it.
+[3243.000 --> 3247.000]  And now we actually finished generating the C code.
+[3247.000 --> 3259.000]  So here we see what we're talking about earlier. We see this exact memory footprint. So we see how much RAM and flash will be used by this.
+[3259.000 --> 3263.000]  When we deploy it on an actual device later.
+[3263.000 --> 3281.000]  We also want to stress that this step before we have this in place and we would convert these AM models ourselves into C code that could take several months just to convert a single model manually into C code.
+[3281.000 --> 3283.000]  And now it takes a second.
+[3283.000 --> 3295.000]  And it's exactly. And it's also you have a guarantee that it will work. It's already pre tested with lots of our automated testing.
+[3295.000 --> 3317.000]  And this model is all right. It's 45 kilobytes. And that's a bit big for embedded devices. So what I went and did just today is that I generated reduced size.
+[3317.000 --> 3334.000]  So when I go to this point, I wasn't happy with the performance and then I went back. And what I did was that I reduced the sliding windows size from 78 to 27. And so that's about 0.7 seconds.
+[3334.000 --> 3340.000]  So just are actually very quick. So that's not a problem.
+[3340.000 --> 3354.000]  And we can then I generated a new network train, and then evaluate today. And here we can see that the performance is a bit worse for this one because it's a lot smaller or has it looks at less data.
+[3354.000 --> 3370.000]  But then you will see that we will test it on live with the Alex who has actually never never been included in the training set. And I haven't been included in the training set either. It's just the test set that I've been included.
+[3370.000 --> 3374.000]  Let's go ahead and build this new model.
+[3374.000 --> 3384.000]  And yeah, so we have for the 15 kilobytes, which is a lot better than 45% of the size.
+[3384.000 --> 3390.000]  So this illustrates how powerful it is to get the pre processing like.
+[3390.000 --> 3396.000]  Yes, slightly adjusting and pre processing a much smaller more efficient.
+[3396.000 --> 3402.000]  Yeah, and it's so time for you just to change one bell.
+[3402.000 --> 3414.000]  And it also demonstrates how important that is to actually have a tool where you can make these minor modifications and have everything be standardized and automated.
+[3414.000 --> 3422.000]  And that's the power here that you get a really quick feedback loop where you can build and evaluate and then rebuild.
+[3422.000 --> 3428.000]  So now we have some C code. Yeah, because we're going to have a look at that.
+[3428.000 --> 3434.000]  But we're very close to the last step where we'll actually put this on the device.
+[3434.000 --> 3438.000]  So we have this.
+[3438.000 --> 3448.000]  This C code and the small store interesting. This is just automated. The C code with lots of weights and other things.
+[3448.000 --> 3453.000]  But what is interesting though is that it's completely self contained.
+[3453.000 --> 3458.000]  So it doesn't depend on any third-party libraries or routines.
+[3458.000 --> 3466.000]  So you can take the C code and deploy it on any compute platform in the world.
+[3466.000 --> 3471.000]  Yeah, as long as it can run.
+[3471.000 --> 3474.000]  It has a C compiler.
+[3474.000 --> 3477.000]  Which is essentially every compute platform in the world.
+[3477.000 --> 3483.000]  Yeah, and we're using C99. So not any kind of modern version.
+[3483.000 --> 3488.000]  So let's look at the header file to show how easy it is to actually use it.
+[3488.000 --> 3503.000]  And what we have was just three functions to call. So we have an initialization function and in queue function where you pass the data and then the queue function where you read the output.
+[3503.000 --> 3505.000]  So.
+[3505.000 --> 3511.000]  So that means that it's really easy to to include this model in into your former.
+[3511.000 --> 3515.000]  Exactly. And then you have an example of that.
+[3515.000 --> 3522.000]  Yeah, so let's actually see how you can include this model in your actual firmware.
+[3522.000 --> 3524.000]  So I have this.
+[3524.000 --> 3533.000]  When you're SDK, I downloaded and I just built some documentation and this we will provide to our customers.
+[3533.000 --> 3537.000]  So let's go into this SDK.
+[3537.000 --> 3545.000]  I only added two things. I added this folder with the model that we just converted.
+[3545.000 --> 3548.000]  And then I added this.
+[3548.000 --> 3551.000]  And then I added this.
+[3551.000 --> 3559.000]  So yeah.
+[3559.000 --> 3564.000]  And what I did here was that I.
+[3564.000 --> 3578.000]  I updated the configuration to match the what we have. And that was just a couple of lines. So I essentially set some values with my configuration and I passed them using the aquaneers API.
+[3578.000 --> 3583.000]  So this is all the aquaneers answer specific. Yeah, it's actually.
+[3583.000 --> 3588.000]  And then now.
+[3588.000 --> 3591.000]  It was actually in the same file.
+[3591.000 --> 3598.000]  So let's go to the example project and it's.
+[3598.000 --> 3601.000]  In this fall loop.
+[3601.000 --> 3610.000]  So this is the main loop. And what we do is that the first we initialize the library.
+[3610.000 --> 3620.000]  So I just called it somewhere at the beginning. And then we just before that we updated the sensor configuration.
+[3620.000 --> 3629.000]  And then this is the actual main loop where you have your reading the data and what I do is that I pass the data using the nq function.
+[3629.000 --> 3641.000]  And then I compute the output using the dq function. And it's just a matter of setting up these two function calls with one argument.
+[3641.000 --> 3645.000]  And then you take that output from our library.
+[3645.000 --> 3648.000]  And look at.
+[3648.000 --> 3652.000]  The confidence level of the model for the three different classes.
+[3652.000 --> 3660.000]  And I compare it against some threshold that I tuned depending on the performance on the model.
+[3660.000 --> 3668.000]  So, and this is what we will run on the dice. And here is the prints that you will.
+[3668.000 --> 3672.000]  The print that you will see when we run it.
+[3672.000 --> 3685.000]  So, depending on the different classes. So essentially 10 likes of code to integrate this model into the firmware for an accurate device.
+[3685.000 --> 3690.000]  Exactly. I took longer to actually find the code.
+[3690.000 --> 3697.000]  Once I talk for the CK those just the matter of adding these for functionality for to work.
+[3697.000 --> 3702.000]  So now we've added it to the firmware. Now we're going to test it out live.
+[3702.000 --> 3703.000]  Yeah, and actual likes.
+[3703.000 --> 3712.000]  First things first is that and this is as I said available to customers and then once you have this.
+[3712.000 --> 3723.000]  This file then is just about running them make file to compile this hex and we quit flash down to the device.
+[3723.000 --> 3726.000]  Okay, so.
+[3726.000 --> 3732.000]  What we do now is that we switch over to the device that we have reflashed.
+[3732.000 --> 3736.000]  So this was the remote that we use for the data collection.
+[3736.000 --> 3743.000]  And we have the intelligent version that's great last.
+[3743.000 --> 3746.000]  And now.
+[3746.000 --> 3759.000]  So what we will do is to connect to the device.
+[3759.000 --> 3763.000]  And then we're setting off a serial communication.
+[3763.000 --> 3771.000]  So that we can read out first. And then now we're connected and everything should go.
+[3771.000 --> 3774.000]  So we can try a wiggle just.
+[3774.000 --> 3781.000]  And we can see that it shows off. Let's try vertical finger rotation.
+[3781.000 --> 3786.000]  Now let's do question.
+[3786.000 --> 3794.000]  So that's how you go and then building an edge AI application and actually deploying it on the on the lights.
+[3794.000 --> 3799.000]  So what you see here is, of course, the detected gesture.
+[3799.000 --> 3802.000]  And then we can see the number next to that. What does that mean?
+[3802.000 --> 3809.000]  So we're seeing with the numbers that the confidence level for the gesture and that will help you to fine tune it.
+[3809.000 --> 3818.000]  If you see that actually all the correct gestures are about point nine and all the wrong ones are below point eight and you could raise it.
+[3818.000 --> 3825.000]  So let's see if it works for me as well.
+[3825.000 --> 3830.000]  Push detected.
+[3830.000 --> 3834.000]  Finger detected.
+[3834.000 --> 3847.000]  We will detect.
+[3847.000 --> 3852.000]  And so for a proper project, you want to go.
+[3852.000 --> 3857.000]  You want to collect data from many different people because they would probably do the different gestures differently.
+[3857.000 --> 3861.000]  But this is supposed to be just the start of project as a demo.
+[3861.000 --> 3868.000]  And it's only collected with one and it's has a bit of data for me for the validation and the test.
+[3868.000 --> 3879.000]  And we've tried out actually this exact project with the more people and it performs a lot better.
+[3879.000 --> 3883.000]  So now we're going through all of the steps that we want to show.
+[3883.000 --> 3888.000]  And I think it's time for the Q and A section.
+[3888.000 --> 3893.000]  But before that, yeah, you promised some goodies in the end.
+[3893.000 --> 3898.000]  So I think it's exactly it. I should talk about the goodies. So.
+[3898.000 --> 3903.000]  You should stay to the end to get full access.
+[3903.000 --> 3914.000]  And you have stayed to the end. So here you should go and visit our webpage in item on the calm.
+[3914.000 --> 3920.000]  And there's a button there where you can register for full access free trial.
+[3920.000 --> 3923.000]  You get to a form.
+[3923.000 --> 3927.000]  And you should the form says description.
+[3927.000 --> 3933.000]  And there you add gesture webinar in the description box.
+[3933.000 --> 3943.000]  To get access. And again, the 10 first of you will get also get the board so that you can collect data yourself.
+[3943.000 --> 3946.000]  And the test everything out like.
+[3946.000 --> 3953.000]  Okay, so time for Q and A.
+[3953.000 --> 3958.000]  And we have received a number of questions and we will of course do our best to answer.
+[3958.000 --> 3960.000]  And of course you can still type in questions.
+[3960.000 --> 3972.000]  I just want to inform you that tomorrow you will get an email with some more details regarding these things and contact details and also recording of the actual webinar.
+[3972.000 --> 3977.000]  If everything goes well with the technical side of things here, but I think it should.
+[3977.000 --> 3984.000]  So look out for that in your mailboxes tomorrow. So we're going to move over to to Q and A.
+[3984.000 --> 3988.000]  And it's now seven minutes after five o'clock some European time.
+[3988.000 --> 3993.000]  We will continue to do the Q and A for another like 23 minutes. And then we'll close down the webinar.
+[3993.000 --> 4001.000]  If we still have questions that we're not able to answer, we can come back to you and ask them afterwards because all your questions will be saved in the system.
+[4001.000 --> 4006.000]  So let's start and it starts real well guys.
+[4006.000 --> 4010.000]  The first question I just love this.
+[4010.000 --> 4016.000]  Comment on that data collection is the most challenging and boring task.
+[4016.000 --> 4020.000]  So that's apparently good.
+[4020.000 --> 4023.000]  And then we have another question.
+[4023.000 --> 4028.000]  So I think you actually touched on this one equal kind of cover but still relevant question.
+[4028.000 --> 4036.000]  How are you doing with radar? Can you do this with other sensors? Yeah. So now we're doing it with radar.
+[4036.000 --> 4043.000]  Can you do it with other sensors? Yeah, I guess the answer was there, but maybe you can just make it clear.
+[4043.000 --> 4054.000]  Yes, absolutely. So we show this little application to collect data with in the game.
+[4054.000 --> 4060.000]  And that's open source and we provide examples for the radar sensor.
+[4060.000 --> 4070.000]  But we'll also also provide an example where you can have a look at how you would integrate any kind of sensor into that application.
+[4070.000 --> 4076.000]  So you can like data from any kind of device.
+[4076.000 --> 4081.000]  And as long as you can connect it to your computer over zero.
+[4081.000 --> 4091.000]  And you also have capture app or phone app so that you can collect data from some devices wirelessly.
+[4091.000 --> 4095.000]  Okay, so, yep. So good. Thanks for clarifying.
+[4095.000 --> 4100.000]  And so some of these questions that come from relatively early part of the demo.
+[4100.000 --> 4105.000]  But this one is sort of is heat map the spectrogram of the data.
+[4105.000 --> 4114.000]  And remember what we're showing there at the beginning is the heat map the spectral spectral gram of the data.
+[4114.000 --> 4119.000]  Yeah, so you can you can actually choose there's two different view modes.
+[4119.000 --> 4130.000]  So either you have a line plot where you see the lines, the data lines, or you have the heat map where you see the data as a heat map.
+[4130.000 --> 4134.000]  You can look at the original sensor data as a heat map as well.
+[4134.000 --> 4138.000]  But some maybe you want to elaborate though.
+[4138.000 --> 4147.000]  Yeah, it was actually the spectral spectrogram when we converted it to the where you transfer.
+[4147.000 --> 4155.000]  Exactly. So that makes a lot of sense to use the spectrogram once you run the data for a career.
+[4156.000 --> 4166.000]  Okay, here comes a little bit longer question. So, here comes you labeled the first rotation as vertical route.
+[4166.000 --> 4171.000]  And the second instance as only vertical.
+[4171.000 --> 4179.000]  Does this make any difference? Is it intentional to have different names of same action?
+[4179.000 --> 4184.000]  Yeah, so that's a very good question. I'm well spotted. That was a mistake.
+[4184.000 --> 4187.000]  Yeah, exactly.
+[4187.000 --> 4194.000]  Yeah, and that's actually very typical of the mistakes that it's kind of human error and it's expected.
+[4194.000 --> 4201.000]  And sometimes that's actually what leads to some discrepancies in the performance metrics.
+[4202.000 --> 4213.000]  Because it could be that somebody was after collecting many or labeling many hours of data, you can go into like, or what the more than you end up mislabeling data.
+[4213.000 --> 4217.000]  And that is a bit of a problem.
+[4217.000 --> 4223.000]  So that's what we saw there in the segments view in the beginning.
+[4223.000 --> 4237.000]  We saw by creating a label there with a different name, we actually the software thought we now have a new gesture, but we only had one occurrence of that gesture and entire project.
+[4237.000 --> 4247.000]  And it warned us because that gesture only occurred in one dataset because it was only one of it.
+[4247.000 --> 4260.000]  So that highlights how important it is to have good software that helps you getting an overview of the data and spot common errors.
+[4260.000 --> 4265.000]  So it helped you actually deliver something as more error free in the end.
+[4265.000 --> 4269.000]  Yeah, okay, interesting. Thanks for that. Well spotted.
+[4269.000 --> 4277.000]  So next question, what is combined guest shared data? What is combined guest shared data?
+[4277.000 --> 4283.000]  Yeah, so maybe we can go back to the studio.
+[4283.000 --> 4293.000]  So essentially what we did and we didn't take so deeply into it is that for the normal data, let's take this wiggle sound.
+[4293.000 --> 4303.000]  What we did was we, and this is described further. So this project is based on a tutorial and documented.
+[4303.000 --> 4316.000]  So what we did was we made the whole video as one specific gesture and to and what we did was that we ran an automatic labeling script.
+[4316.000 --> 4328.000]  So since the whole video is only one gesture, you can immediately detect when the activity goes above a certain threshold and then apply a label for the entire thing.
+[4328.000 --> 4337.000]  And then, but this doesn't give you a realistic view of what the data looks like. So in the test set, it's not so great.
+[4337.000 --> 4352.000]  And then we go back to this combined gesture. So where we actually combine the multiple of them.
+[4352.000 --> 4359.000]  Okay, so fine, thanks for that. We'll move on. This is also relatively long question.
+[4359.000 --> 4372.000]  This data argumentation inbuilt in the tool. Can we work on the already recorded data to create titled rotated mirrored push actions?
+[4372.000 --> 4379.000]  Just for example, or should the title rotated push actions be recorded again?
+[4379.000 --> 4397.000]  That's a very good question. So one one way to make poses is like that simpler. We have in place is that you can actually integrate this tool with scripts by conscripts that you write yourself.
+[4397.000 --> 4409.000]  And then you can apply, apply those scripts to your data. So that's what you use some to what to label the data.
+[4409.000 --> 4416.000]  So you could have scripts like that within yourself to mirror the data and do data augmentation.
+[4416.000 --> 4431.000]  But at this point in time, we don't have a date augmentation functions built into an I won't studio, but it's in our roadmap for the future.
+[4431.000 --> 4441.000]  Okay, thanks. We'll move on. So here comes another one. Some sharing on here. Nice work, you guys.
+[4441.000 --> 4452.000]  Does imagine of support and here it comes F P G A S F P G A S. Do you understand what this is?
+[4452.000 --> 4459.000]  F P G A's field program will read their base or something like that. It's one is done for.
+[4460.000 --> 4473.000]  We don't support F P G A's at this point in time. So what F P G A's is it's, it's how you say it's programmable hardware.
+[4473.000 --> 4488.000]  So you can easily program program and test hardware that you're late later going to produce and see and try it on or known the different designs.
+[4488.000 --> 4498.000]  Or you can build an F P G A for production to do some tasks run one a model very efficiently.
+[4498.000 --> 4504.000]  This is not something that we support now. This is something that we might support in the future.
+[4504.000 --> 4507.000]  But now it's.
+[4507.000 --> 4513.000]  We generate C code that can be compiled and run on microcontrollers.
+[4513.000 --> 4516.000]  Not that on F P G A's yet.
+[4516.000 --> 4522.000]  Okay, thanks for that. And here comes a really long one, but I think this is an interesting one.
+[4522.000 --> 4534.000]  The data was recorded from 0.06 M to 0.12 M with about 190 points within this range.
+[4534.000 --> 4552.000]  If I saw it right, did you put this data for training like one vector, one frame after another or did you pick some particular range bins and took signals from the fixed distances.
+[4552.000 --> 4555.000]  I think you are very.
+[4555.000 --> 4570.000]  Yeah, it turns to this one. So this kind of goes back by and sort of correctly, this goes back to this point here where we actually collected the data at three different distance points.
+[4570.000 --> 4580.000]  And this is the output of the acronym radar and then what we did was we summed up the three distance points so that.
+[4580.000 --> 4587.000]  In terms of the from the models here doesn't care for that distance point one, two or three.
+[4587.000 --> 4592.000]  And it will look the same to the model.
+[4592.000 --> 4609.000]  But this is a configuration that you make in the radar sensor right here. So you can set it up exactly like the question sets here you can configure the radar to collect data from a bunch of different distances as a put them put the data into bins.
+[4609.000 --> 4621.000]  So each reading we get from the sensor is actually a small amount of time captured from three different distances.
+[4621.000 --> 4634.000]  Yeah, and you could actually do this step in a number of different ways if you actually care about the distance point, then you could flatten it as the.
+[4634.000 --> 4648.000]  So you can do it as a 70 or you could take the maximum instead of the sound that would give you slightly different behavior things like that.
+[4648.000 --> 4658.000]  Okay, we'll not the question that's also a little bit about distances. Let's see here. Can you automatically select the radar range. If yes, how?
+[4658.000 --> 4666.000]  The system will not recognize gestures if they are performed out of range.
+[4666.000 --> 4673.000]  So you know if the radar is configurable to.
+[4673.000 --> 4676.000]  To change the range depending on the data.
+[4676.000 --> 4682.000]  I think that would be a question best answered by acronym.
+[4682.000 --> 4685.000]  I think so as well. So there is.
+[4685.000 --> 4693.000]  I mean, you can set it in a mode so that it looks at everything from the minimum that range to the maximum range.
+[4693.000 --> 4696.000]  I think.
+[4696.000 --> 4704.000]  But one good reason for configuring and fixed range yourself like this is that you can keep.
+[4704.000 --> 4713.000]  You can use this being a mode which actually uses less power from the radar. So this is very power efficient way of doing it.
+[4713.000 --> 4717.000]  Maybe you can do it in other ways and you can go to.
+[4717.000 --> 4722.000]  Acconair.com and read more about this particular sensor.
+[4722.000 --> 4730.000]  Yeah, okay, so let's move on. So what's the rough estimate of training time for the model we've just built in this demo.
+[4730.000 --> 4733.000]  If you do it in reality sort of.
+[4733.000 --> 4736.000]  We can look and see if it's done training actually.
+[4736.000 --> 4742.000]  Yeah, so I guess that's on the URL.
+[4742.000 --> 4745.000]  So.
+[4745.000 --> 4752.000]  Yeah, so we can see that it's already done.
+[4752.000 --> 4755.000]  So maybe we can give some.
+[4755.000 --> 4766.000]  No, but I think normally when I run the four by four for this project that might take me less than an hour.
+[4766.000 --> 4767.000]  Less than hour.
+[4767.000 --> 4769.000]  Yeah.
+[4769.000 --> 4777.000]  So typically when I'm showing the tool to customize I pick some default value and it's normally done.
+[4777.000 --> 4785.000]  I think maybe we started at most 14 minutes ago with the training.
+[4785.000 --> 4792.000]  So let's say 30 30 to 40 minutes for this configuration.
+[4792.000 --> 4797.000]  I think more data will take longer first.
+[4797.000 --> 4804.000]  Yeah, and those right value ends up having an impact as well because you end up with more windows.
+[4804.000 --> 4807.000]  So let's move on.
+[4807.000 --> 4809.000]  We have a couple more questions.
+[4809.000 --> 4811.000]  So hopefully we'll actually.
+[4811.000 --> 4813.000]  And this in time.
+[4813.000 --> 4827.000]  So can it be even more efficient if we extract some metadata from the radar signals from preliminary such as distance to the max reflection and deviation.
+[4827.000 --> 4836.000]  Yeah, I think that I understand the question that I think the proper answer for that is maybe.
+[4836.000 --> 4845.000]  So what you're doing in that case is that you're actually mean you're using your knowledge to generate features from the data source.
+[4845.000 --> 4848.000]  And by.
+[4848.000 --> 4851.000]  That's the question states.
+[4851.000 --> 4854.000]  Converting that into a distance or a reflection.
+[4854.000 --> 4858.000]  And if those features are.
+[4858.000 --> 4862.000]  Good features that tells a lot about the gesture being performed them.
+[4862.000 --> 4865.000]  And that's that would be very useful for the model.
+[4865.000 --> 4870.000]  Then the model will use that to create the mapping from the data to.
+[4870.000 --> 4876.000]  And that's what you have to look at.
+[4876.000 --> 4880.000]  During when you're visualizing the data.
+[4880.000 --> 4883.000]  If you on the other hand, see that.
+[4883.000 --> 4885.000]  Well, that data is.
+[4885.000 --> 4891.000]  Confed to use to distinguish between the different gestures.
+[4891.000 --> 4894.000]  If you can't see any pattern like that.
+[4894.000 --> 4899.000]  Probably the model will will have a hard time finding any patterns as well.
+[4899.000 --> 4902.000]  Okay, so let's continue.
+[4902.000 --> 4907.000]  And if we don't have enough time to answer all your questions, we will get back to you afterwards.
+[4907.000 --> 4909.000]  I can see there is more questions coming in here.
+[4909.000 --> 4911.000]  So I don't think we actually have the time.
+[4911.000 --> 4912.000]  So don't be worried.
+[4912.000 --> 4915.000]  We'll get back to answers with answers afterwards.
+[4915.000 --> 4918.000]  But we have some more that we can cover.
+[4918.000 --> 4921.000]  This is why pretty straightforward around forward question.
+[4921.000 --> 4923.000]  I think what is the device piece?
+[4923.000 --> 4927.000]  I think this means sort of what radar is it actually?
+[4927.000 --> 4932.000]  Do you have the specification for the actual radar?
+[4932.000 --> 4935.000]  So this is the.
+[4935.000 --> 4942.000]  It's the XB122 with an XM122 radar text.
+[4942.000 --> 4952.000]  So I think this is the acronym calls a breakout board with the XM122 radar text.
+[4952.000 --> 4956.000]  So yeah, I hope that answers the question.
+[4956.000 --> 4959.000]  Yeah.
+[4959.000 --> 4964.000]  Okay, and then there is another question about the device.
+[4964.000 --> 4969.000]  I think have any cost.
+[4969.000 --> 4971.000]  So the device does it have any cost?
+[4971.000 --> 4974.000]  I guess it has got some cost.
+[4974.000 --> 4979.000]  Or maybe this even means a imagine of studio.
+[4979.000 --> 4981.000]  Maybe you can answer both.
+[4981.000 --> 4985.000]  Yeah, so the device itself in this configuration.
+[4985.000 --> 4991.000]  I think it's somewhere between.
+[4991.000 --> 4995.000]  I mean, with both of these boards so that you can develop.
+[4995.000 --> 4999.000]  It's like somewhere between 70 and $100.
+[4999.000 --> 5000.000]  Yeah.
+[5000.000 --> 5004.000]  So there's quite some value for you if you register.
+[5004.000 --> 5007.000]  Yeah, register quickly.
+[5007.000 --> 5010.000]  But if you buy it in bulk, bulk.
+[5010.000 --> 5014.000]  I mean, if you want to integrate it into a product and sell it in large quantities.
+[5014.000 --> 5022.000]  I think the actual sensor itself at high volumes is a few dollars.
+[5022.000 --> 5029.000]  Contact icon here for the exact numbers, but it's very cheap in large quantities.
+[5029.000 --> 5032.000]  And imagine of AI.
+[5032.000 --> 5039.000]  If you want to continue to use it after the free trial, you sign up for a license and you pay for month.
+[5039.000 --> 5042.000]  So the device, depending on how many.
+[5042.000 --> 5044.000]  Users.
+[5044.000 --> 5049.000]  You have, but it starts at 1000 euros.
+[5049.000 --> 5052.000]  Come out.
+[5052.000 --> 5055.000]  Or a single issue.
+[5055.000 --> 5057.000]  Okay, let's continue.
+[5057.000 --> 5061.000]  I think this maybe this will be the last question, but we'll see.
+[5061.000 --> 5068.000]  Is it possible meaningful to have different window length time for different gesture detection?
+[5068.000 --> 5075.000]  This straight answer to that is.
+[5075.000 --> 5078.000]  You can't really have different.
+[5078.000 --> 5085.000]  Windows for different gestures, because the window size is part of the model itself.
+[5085.000 --> 5088.000]  So we'll have a fixed window size.
+[5088.000 --> 5091.000]  And.
+[5091.000 --> 5093.000]  Now.
+[5093.000 --> 5104.000]  Actually, I don't want to go to that into technical details, but it depends on if your model has a state or if it's if it's stateless.
+[5104.000 --> 5113.000]  So now we're working with the stateless model and then you need to have a window so that you can present data over time to the model.
+[5113.000 --> 5116.000]  You can also build.
+[5116.000 --> 5119.000]  Models where the state is built into the model.
+[5119.000 --> 5122.000]  And then you don't need to have a window at all.
+[5122.000 --> 5124.000]  The model will kind of.
+[5124.000 --> 5133.000]  Just feed it in single values over time and the model gives a prediction when it has enough information.
+[5133.000 --> 5141.000]  And those kind of models we are testing now with the tool, but they are not available in the release versions yet.
+[5141.000 --> 5156.000]  But that, for example, very useful if you're building a complex audio models, because then you have very high frequency data and you don't want to have two large windows as it creates.
+[5156.000 --> 5162.000]  You end up with a lot of memory being used for those buffers on the device.
+[5162.000 --> 5169.000]  Okay, there's a couple more questions, but I think we'll have to save them for afterwards and come back with answers.
+[5169.000 --> 5176.000]  We have one question though that I think we need to answer this has got to do with the link for the free trial.
+[5176.000 --> 5184.000]  I don't know maybe Alex is it possible for you to go to the website and actually show the audience where the link is.
+[5184.000 --> 5188.000]  I think we can arrange that.
+[5188.000 --> 5191.000]  So why are Alex is doing that?
+[5191.000 --> 5196.000]  You will get an email tomorrow and the link will definitely be there.
+[5196.000 --> 5201.000]  And also if everything goes fine with the recording, you will get access to recorded version.
+[5201.000 --> 5205.000]  So you can share this with others or look at it again.
+[5205.000 --> 5207.000]  So we'll see.
+[5207.000 --> 5215.000]  So here, if you go to manwell.com, you have this button here, sign up for a man will be actually tried.
+[5215.000 --> 5221.000]  And then you scroll down a little bit and input you fill out this form.
+[5221.000 --> 5226.000]  And then here in the description box, you ask.
+[5226.000 --> 5230.000]  Yes, your webinar webinar.
+[5230.000 --> 5232.000]  Yeah, that is clear.
+[5232.000 --> 5233.000]  The first time.
+[5233.000 --> 5236.000]  Also get access to the.
+[5236.000 --> 5239.000]  To the actual device.
+[5240.000 --> 5245.000]  All right, so it's 28 minutes past 5 o'clock, sent European time.
+[5245.000 --> 5249.000]  It's time time for us to say thanks and bye bye.
+[5249.000 --> 5256.000]  And so great to have so many with you and so many staying the whole time for this.
+[5256.000 --> 5261.000]  The actual presentations and then this long Q and a.
+[5261.000 --> 5266.000]  So of course, big, big, big thanks for everyone that took their time joining today.
+[5266.000 --> 5271.000]  Maybe some final words from from Samuila Alex before we close down.
+[5271.000 --> 5276.000]  I also want to thank everyone who watched took the time to watch this.
+[5276.000 --> 5282.000]  I hope you grab this opportunity and find this out and play around with it for yourself.
+[5282.000 --> 5289.000]  And I want to thank you, Lars, for helping us setting this up and erasing all this.
+[5289.000 --> 5291.000]  Yeah, thank you all.
+[5291.000 --> 5297.000]  All right, how great time take care and be careful out there this tough pandemic days.
+[5297.000 --> 5301.000]  So we'll close down the webinar for now.
+[5301.000 --> 5302.000]  Bye bye.
+[5302.000 --> 5303.000]  Bye bye.
+[5321.000 --> 5322.000]  Thank you.

transcript/webinar_8MztM3zItik.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,741 @@
+[0.000 --> 2.480]  Thank you, Robert, for the wonderful introduction.
+[2.480 --> 5.720]  It is truly an honor to be here today.
+[5.720 --> 8.320]  Like I said, my email is on the slide there
+[8.320 --> 10.960]  and feel free if people have questions afterwards
+[10.960 --> 12.880]  that need more information.
+[12.880 --> 15.720]  Just put it in the topic.
+[16.680 --> 19.640]  So if you could go ahead to the next slide.
+[21.680 --> 25.720]  So our hands and fingers give us powerful grip,
+[25.720 --> 28.360]  but they also allow us to hold them in the API objects
+[28.360 --> 29.720]  with great precision.
+[29.720 --> 33.320]  So Aristotle said the hand is the tool of tools.
+[33.320 --> 34.760]  And the other thing we do with our hand
+[34.760 --> 39.600]  that allows us to respond to pressure, pain, touch,
+[39.600 --> 42.520]  temperature, and identify all those objects
+[42.520 --> 45.040]  that we were trying to find, like when you reach into your purse
+[45.040 --> 47.680]  or your pocket and try and find change.
+[47.680 --> 49.920]  So they really are important.
+[49.920 --> 50.960]  Next slide, please.
+[52.720 --> 55.640]  So the objective today of my talk
+[55.640 --> 59.120]  is to discuss why taking care of your hands and face
+[59.120 --> 61.280]  should be a part of your self-management
+[61.280 --> 63.680]  for people with scleroderma.
+[63.680 --> 65.560]  I'm going to talk about different guidelines
+[65.560 --> 69.320]  for stretching exercises and teach stretching exercises
+[69.320 --> 71.160]  for the hand and face.
+[71.160 --> 73.000]  I'm going to briefly discuss the importance
+[73.000 --> 77.040]  of being positive and active because I think that helps a lot
+[77.040 --> 80.960]  with motivation to do the exercises
+[80.960 --> 82.960]  during, especially during this time.
+[84.360 --> 85.400]  Okay, next slide.
+[86.400 --> 90.400]  So some general guidelines for stretching exercises
+[90.400 --> 93.080]  are who call them range of motion.
+[93.080 --> 96.640]  So use heat and massage before the exercises
+[96.640 --> 98.440]  to warm up the tissues.
+[98.440 --> 100.040]  And I'll mention in a few minutes
+[100.040 --> 102.720]  like some different ways of doing that.
+[103.880 --> 106.360]  Range of motion and stretching exercises
+[106.360 --> 108.960]  should be kind of aggressive and started
+[108.960 --> 112.360]  before obvious deformities exist.
+[112.360 --> 115.360]  And recognizing that a lot of people with scleroderma
+[115.480 --> 119.240]  have ulcers, these exercises should be done,
+[119.240 --> 122.360]  although you have to modify them a little bit.
+[123.920 --> 124.760]  Next slide.
+[126.080 --> 129.360]  So some different modalities to help with either pain
+[129.360 --> 131.240]  or increasing joint motion.
+[131.240 --> 134.440]  And these are ones that you can do at home.
+[134.440 --> 138.600]  Probably the best thing to use is the type of heat modality.
+[139.600 --> 141.600]  Moist heat is best.
+[141.600 --> 145.200]  Some of you have paraffin bath treatments
+[145.200 --> 148.280]  and if I could see you, I'd probably ask you to raise your hand
+[148.280 --> 151.320]  if you already have a unit or not.
+[151.320 --> 154.720]  Then hot packs are another way to heat up the hand.
+[154.720 --> 156.760]  And even if you don't have any of those,
+[156.760 --> 160.240]  then you can use a warm shower.
+[160.240 --> 163.920]  So a lot of the exercises, especially when we get to the faiths,
+[163.920 --> 166.840]  maybe ones that you would prefer to do in the shower.
+[167.880 --> 170.080]  So always try and use heat
+[170.080 --> 172.920]  before doing the stretching exercises
+[172.920 --> 174.880]  to warm up the tissues.
+[175.840 --> 176.880]  Okay, next slide.
+[178.600 --> 180.800]  So heat or hot packs.
+[180.800 --> 184.120]  So you can go and buy commercial hot packs
+[184.120 --> 186.000]  that are out there on the market.
+[186.000 --> 190.280]  And a lot of these, you can just warm up in your microwave
+[190.280 --> 193.040]  and it will give you instructions on those.
+[194.960 --> 197.520]  Make sure that if you do use a hot pack like that,
+[197.520 --> 201.800]  that you put down a washcloth or towel on your skin
+[201.800 --> 204.720]  and then put the hot pack on afterwards,
+[204.720 --> 207.240]  that will ensure that you don't burn yourself.
+[208.400 --> 211.160]  Now you might be wondering what the picture on the right is.
+[211.160 --> 213.040]  That's a sock.
+[213.040 --> 215.040]  This is kind of the cheap version
+[215.040 --> 217.840]  to be able to make a hot pack.
+[217.840 --> 219.480]  So you just take a sock,
+[219.480 --> 221.560]  that you don't care about, no hole, so,
+[221.560 --> 225.560]  and put like a cup of rice in the sock.
+[225.560 --> 227.200]  Tie a nice knot in it
+[227.200 --> 229.920]  and then you can warm it up in the microwave
+[229.920 --> 232.040]  for maybe about a minute.
+[232.040 --> 234.640]  And you can use that as your hot pack.
+[235.640 --> 239.360]  And you can use the sock with your rice in it.
+[239.360 --> 243.000]  Probably several times until you notice
+[243.000 --> 245.360]  that it starts to kind of get yucky
+[245.360 --> 249.800]  or whatever you feel like you need to replace it with that.
+[249.800 --> 252.240]  But anyway, that's kind of the versions
+[252.240 --> 255.680]  that you can do at home, especially during this time.
+[255.680 --> 259.000]  And like I said, you can also soak your hands in water,
+[259.000 --> 261.720]  but remember that has a drying effect
+[261.720 --> 263.760]  or you can also in the shower
+[263.760 --> 265.640]  do the different exercises.
+[266.720 --> 267.560]  Next slide.
+[271.280 --> 272.880]  Could I do the next slide?
+[272.880 --> 274.760]  Thank you, sorry.
+[274.760 --> 278.320]  Perifin wax is, if you have a paraffin unit,
+[278.320 --> 280.640]  it's a wax and it has oil in it,
+[280.640 --> 283.680]  so it helps to moisturize the skin also.
+[283.680 --> 285.440]  And the nice thing about heat
+[285.440 --> 288.320]  is that it increases tissue extensibility
+[288.320 --> 289.840]  because that helps you when you do
+[289.840 --> 292.240]  your stretching exercises.
+[292.240 --> 295.320]  I'm using thermometer to test the temperature
+[295.320 --> 298.320]  don't rely on the heat sensor.
+[298.320 --> 302.160]  Don't use with open sores, so if you do have sores,
+[303.440 --> 305.000]  don't use it.
+[305.000 --> 307.320]  Put your hands and plastic bags afterwards.
+[307.320 --> 309.480]  So basically you put your hands and dip it
+[309.480 --> 313.160]  in the paraffin there for about four or five dips
+[313.160 --> 315.200]  and you put your hands and plastic bags
+[315.200 --> 317.160]  or you can use saran wrap
+[317.160 --> 319.200]  and then you can put heavy towels
+[319.200 --> 322.280]  or place your hands and oven mitts afterwards
+[322.280 --> 326.160]  and usually keep it on about 15 or 20 minutes.
+[326.160 --> 329.160]  And then as you can see in the picture on the right there,
+[329.160 --> 332.240]  you can just sort of peel it off like a glove
+[332.240 --> 334.880]  and you can put it back in the unit
+[334.880 --> 338.240]  and you can reuse it until the color of the wax
+[338.240 --> 340.360]  starts to change a little bit.
+[340.360 --> 342.520]  The nice thing about paraffin
+[342.520 --> 346.120]  is when you pull that little, that piece off of your hand there,
+[346.120 --> 349.360]  you can also roll it up and make like a ball
+[349.360 --> 351.640]  and you can use that to kind of squeeze
+[351.640 --> 354.880]  to do some strengthening exercises for your hands
+[354.880 --> 358.800]  or to pinch it and it's still warm and it's still moist.
+[361.040 --> 362.280]  Next slide please.
+[364.680 --> 366.880]  So the stretching exercises,
+[366.880 --> 369.640]  so the purpose of these, like I said,
+[369.640 --> 374.360]  is to prevent or slow down the development of contractures.
+[374.360 --> 376.800]  Recommend that you do these frequently
+[376.800 --> 381.800]  and beyond resistance and maintain a position of stretch
+[381.880 --> 384.280]  for three to five seconds,
+[384.280 --> 388.840]  even if your skin flanges or turns a little bit white.
+[390.320 --> 394.240]  And you should start these exercises and continue them
+[394.240 --> 398.400]  before you notice that you have any loss of motion.
+[398.400 --> 401.840]  I recommend stretching be considered as sort of another,
+[402.840 --> 405.480]  I don't really think of it as a medication,
+[405.480 --> 408.960]  but it is something that should be into your routine
+[408.960 --> 412.920]  because sometimes the contractor,
+[412.920 --> 416.000]  they're losing some of the motion can sneak up on you
+[416.000 --> 418.560]  and you don't really notice till suddenly you can't
+[418.560 --> 421.920]  put your hands in a paraclover, reach back into your pocket.
+[424.320 --> 425.320]  Next slide.
+[427.280 --> 429.840]  So what we're gonna do now is,
+[429.840 --> 432.600]  and I know you're all at home,
+[432.600 --> 436.000]  but I want you to participate with you with me here.
+[436.000 --> 439.880]  So I want everybody to just kind of look at your hands,
+[439.880 --> 441.600]  do what they look like,
+[441.600 --> 443.720]  and I want you to try and make a fist.
+[444.880 --> 448.080]  And ideally, when you make a fist,
+[448.080 --> 451.320]  you should have sort of a 90 degree bend up here,
+[451.320 --> 453.320]  it's your knuckle, big knuckle joints,
+[453.320 --> 457.480]  and your fingers, the part should all touch each other.
+[457.480 --> 459.840]  So you should ideally, in an ideal world,
+[459.840 --> 462.520]  be able to make a full fist.
+[462.520 --> 464.920]  If it feels kind of tight, do that,
+[465.760 --> 469.280]  and do it, then you need to do the exercises
+[469.280 --> 471.400]  on this slide here.
+[471.400 --> 474.480]  So the first one is for the MCP joint.
+[474.480 --> 478.040]  And the MCP is an abbreviation for metacarpal,
+[478.040 --> 479.480]  fail and gale joint.
+[479.480 --> 482.120]  Basically, it's your big knuckles.
+[482.120 --> 485.120]  So you make a fist, and then you use the heel
+[485.120 --> 489.000]  or the palm of the other hand to press down
+[489.000 --> 492.200]  on the back of the fingers here, like that,
+[492.200 --> 493.920]  or like in the picture,
+[493.920 --> 496.120]  picture probably shows it better there,
+[496.120 --> 498.200]  to try and stretch.
+[498.200 --> 502.920]  And you hold that about three to five seconds.
+[502.920 --> 505.080]  And then you straighten your fingers back off,
+[505.080 --> 507.080]  because at that point, you may notice
+[507.080 --> 508.840]  that you have a little discoloration,
+[508.840 --> 511.840]  and you need the blood flow to go back into your fingers.
+[511.840 --> 514.520]  And then repeat and do the other hand.
+[515.480 --> 516.600]  And then, like you said,
+[516.600 --> 519.080]  you probably need to repeat each one of these
+[519.080 --> 521.640]  about three to five times.
+[523.640 --> 527.840]  So the next exercise is for the small finger joints.
+[529.000 --> 531.640]  So if you can't make a fist all the way
+[531.640 --> 533.520]  with these smaller joints here,
+[534.480 --> 537.160]  then you need to do this exercise.
+[537.160 --> 539.600]  So you bend all the joints in one finger
+[539.600 --> 542.960]  to touch the tip to your palm,
+[542.960 --> 546.040]  and then you use the other hand to gently push
+[546.040 --> 548.240]  and try and make sure all the joints
+[548.240 --> 550.920]  on that finger get bent fully.
+[550.920 --> 552.880]  This one takes a little more time
+[552.880 --> 556.440]  because you have four fingers, and you got two hands,
+[556.440 --> 559.040]  so you have to repeat it with each finger.
+[559.040 --> 561.040]  And like I said, sometimes it's best to do
+[561.040 --> 563.880]  like your index finger, then your big finger, ring finger,
+[563.880 --> 567.400]  little finger, and then start over again,
+[567.400 --> 569.720]  or repeat with the other hand.
+[569.720 --> 572.880]  But when you do this, make sure that you're holding
+[572.880 --> 576.480]  the stretch for three to five seconds.
+[576.480 --> 578.880]  If you all or any of you have seen occupational
+[578.880 --> 581.520]  or physical therapists, a lot of times
+[581.520 --> 584.320]  people want you to do like a quick stretch,
+[584.320 --> 586.560]  but you need to hold the position
+[586.560 --> 588.240]  because Florida, as you know,
+[588.240 --> 591.560]  is a connect tissue disease and sexist skin,
+[591.560 --> 593.960]  so it's important to hold those stretches.
+[594.840 --> 596.320]  Okay, next slide, please.
+[598.400 --> 601.520]  So oftentimes with people with sclerodermen,
+[601.520 --> 603.440]  again, look at your hands there,
+[603.440 --> 605.920]  straighten your fingers as much as you can.
+[606.880 --> 610.640]  And ideally, you know, they should go fully straight.
+[611.840 --> 613.920]  But oftentimes in scleroderma,
+[613.920 --> 616.480]  it's that middle joint in the finger there,
+[616.480 --> 620.760]  which is again, proximal interfailangial joint
+[620.760 --> 623.320]  or PIP joint, that is affected,
+[623.320 --> 625.680]  and people start to have a little bit of bending
+[625.760 --> 629.400]  in their finger and they don't go all the way straight.
+[630.360 --> 634.760]  So one of the exercises is the one on the top left there
+[634.760 --> 639.200]  is to push your hand flat on a hard surface, one hand,
+[639.200 --> 641.920]  and then put the other hand on top of it
+[641.920 --> 645.200]  to try and get the palm of,
+[645.200 --> 647.760]  or the whole bowler side of the one hand
+[647.760 --> 649.680]  to push down on the table.
+[651.240 --> 653.880]  And then you repeat with the other hand.
+[653.920 --> 656.520]  Now, you can do this on your lap,
+[656.520 --> 660.120]  but your lap is in your thighs are sort of round,
+[660.120 --> 661.680]  so you don't get the same effect.
+[661.680 --> 664.720]  So you really need to do it on a hard surface.
+[667.040 --> 669.320]  The other picture on the right there
+[669.320 --> 673.240]  is putting your hands in kind of like a prayer position.
+[673.240 --> 676.240]  And then you press the fingers against each other.
+[676.240 --> 680.800]  And the goal here is for the palm side of the fingers
+[680.880 --> 685.160]  to both hands to actually be able to touch each other.
+[685.160 --> 687.800]  So those exercises work really good
+[687.800 --> 690.280]  if you just have a little bit of loss of motion
+[690.280 --> 693.160]  in your fingers, meaning that they don't go totally straight,
+[693.160 --> 694.600]  but they're almost straight.
+[697.040 --> 700.400]  The ones at the bottom might be used
+[700.400 --> 704.440]  if you have one or two fingers that are pretty bent,
+[704.440 --> 706.880]  or more bent than some of the others,
+[706.880 --> 711.240]  or if your fingers don't have a lot of ability
+[711.240 --> 712.920]  to strengthen straighten.
+[714.560 --> 718.160]  So they involve three points of pressure.
+[719.800 --> 722.280]  And I know that it's probably a little bit hard
+[722.280 --> 725.360]  to see there from the pictures,
+[725.360 --> 727.240]  but basically what you're doing,
+[727.240 --> 730.200]  or you want somebody to do it, you put one,
+[731.360 --> 733.000]  like the finger on one,
+[733.000 --> 735.280]  on the bowler surface upon surface
+[735.280 --> 736.120]  above the joint.
+[736.120 --> 739.200]  Remember, we're working on this joint in your fingers here.
+[740.240 --> 742.360]  And then the other finger like your index finger
+[742.360 --> 746.280]  on the bowler side or palm side on top.
+[747.120 --> 751.600]  And then you put your thumb over the back of the joint
+[751.600 --> 753.520]  and you try and push it straight.
+[756.120 --> 759.440]  And that's what the one on the bottom left shows.
+[760.400 --> 762.120]  Now the other two pictures
+[762.120 --> 764.320]  are sort of variations of that.
+[765.400 --> 770.240]  The one in the middle person puts their hand flat on the table,
+[770.720 --> 775.720]  puts their thumb on top of the finger back of the finger
+[776.360 --> 778.440]  right above the knuckle joint
+[778.440 --> 782.520]  and then tries to lift up on the finger to straighten it.
+[785.600 --> 790.040]  And then the picture on the right just shows a person
+[790.040 --> 792.000]  who has a contracture,
+[792.000 --> 794.320]  and you can see some who obviously does have
+[794.320 --> 797.120]  a spluridermis, same with the person in the middle there,
+[797.120 --> 801.320]  who is trying to straighten the finger as much as can.
+[802.280 --> 805.240]  I think this is the hardest one to try and explain
+[805.240 --> 808.520]  when I can't be there or see in person what you're doing,
+[808.520 --> 811.120]  but I hope that you get the general idea of it.
+[812.520 --> 814.200]  Okay, next slide.
+[817.200 --> 820.960]  The other area of the hand that tends to become involved
+[820.960 --> 823.440]  in spluridermis is the ability
+[823.520 --> 826.400]  to have web spaces between all your fingers there.
+[826.400 --> 828.760]  Those are called web spaces.
+[828.760 --> 831.520]  And one thing you can do to stretch those out
+[831.520 --> 835.920]  is to interlace your fingers like the picture on the right.
+[835.920 --> 840.520]  And your goal is for your fingers to all come down
+[840.520 --> 841.440]  and touch each other.
+[841.440 --> 844.240]  The web space is the one hand to touch the web space
+[844.240 --> 845.680]  of the other.
+[845.680 --> 847.600]  And you can see a not person that's there
+[847.600 --> 849.040]  a little bit tight there.
+[850.040 --> 852.360]  The picture on the right,
+[852.360 --> 857.480]  this was a gentleman that I met that says what he does
+[857.480 --> 860.560]  is he oftentimes people use water bottles.
+[860.560 --> 865.040]  It just tries to slide the water bottles down between two fingers.
+[866.240 --> 867.640]  And that helps stretch it.
+[868.600 --> 870.440]  Now I put the one in the bottom end
+[870.440 --> 872.720]  because one of the things that we need really
+[872.720 --> 876.360]  that finger stretching to do is to we need our web spaces
+[876.520 --> 880.400]  for keyboarding also depending on where you live,
+[880.400 --> 883.920]  wearing gloves or if you play a musical instrument
+[883.920 --> 885.320]  or anything like that.
+[887.080 --> 888.600]  Okay, next slide, please.
+[890.280 --> 892.360]  And then the last finger drawings
+[892.360 --> 895.000]  we're gonna talk about is the thumb.
+[895.000 --> 896.840]  So the thumb tends to get tight
+[896.840 --> 899.840]  and people with spluridermis also.
+[899.840 --> 903.720]  And the term that's used if you move your thumb away
+[903.720 --> 907.360]  from your hand and think about trying to hold on to
+[907.360 --> 911.720]  like a large cup or a large bottle or glass,
+[911.720 --> 913.320]  that is your web space.
+[913.320 --> 916.720]  This is area right here that tends to become tight.
+[918.720 --> 921.960]  So the picture on the left shows a person
+[921.960 --> 924.880]  putting their tips of their thumb together,
+[924.880 --> 927.680]  the tips of their index finger together.
+[927.680 --> 930.840]  And then what they're trying to do is just push it apart
+[930.840 --> 932.720]  from each other away from each other.
+[934.560 --> 936.840]  And that's ABDECTION.
+[937.760 --> 940.760]  And then the one at the bottom shows a person just
+[940.760 --> 943.160]  hooking their thumb on top of like a desk
+[943.160 --> 947.280]  or it could be a chair and just pulling the hand away
+[947.280 --> 950.720]  from the thumb and that helps stretch that also.
+[954.320 --> 958.160]  And then the picture on the right is another motion
+[958.160 --> 959.000]  of the thumb.
+[959.000 --> 962.080]  The thumb also bends or flexes.
+[962.080 --> 965.760]  And the goal of the exercise there is for the tip
+[965.760 --> 969.800]  of the thumb to reach the bottom of the little finger
+[969.800 --> 971.800]  where the arrow is pointing.
+[971.800 --> 976.800]  And that helps keep the thumb motion movable mobile,
+[976.800 --> 978.360]  I think of the word.
+[978.360 --> 981.040]  But that is another really important,
+[981.040 --> 984.320]  our thumb is probably one of the most important digits
+[984.320 --> 985.920]  on our entire hand there.
+[988.600 --> 989.800]  Okay, next slide.
+[990.520 --> 996.520]  The wrist, okay, these are wrist exercises, wrist extension.
+[996.520 --> 999.640]  Kind of when the wrist goes back and the reflection
+[999.640 --> 1002.680]  is when it goes down, I think those exercises,
+[1002.680 --> 1006.160]  if you turn your hand palm up like the picture on the left
+[1006.160 --> 1010.640]  and sort of push on the palm, trying straightener,
+[1010.640 --> 1014.280]  you should feel a little pull across the forearm
+[1014.280 --> 1016.920]  and then do it the other hand.
+[1020.240 --> 1022.640]  And I know I'm going a little quick with these
+[1022.640 --> 1024.760]  because I wanna get the exercises in,
+[1024.760 --> 1027.160]  but like I'm gonna say, and I've said,
+[1027.160 --> 1031.040]  you need to hold the stretch for about three to five seconds.
+[1032.240 --> 1034.840]  Otherwise it is not really stretching.
+[1034.840 --> 1037.480]  I'm a reflection is bending your wrist
+[1037.480 --> 1040.240]  and that's what we, you know, to bend like this,
+[1040.240 --> 1042.400]  push on the back of your hand.
+[1042.400 --> 1045.480]  Now this one, this is the only one I'm gonna say,
+[1045.480 --> 1049.240]  don't press very hard because within this space here,
+[1049.240 --> 1050.760]  this is your carpal tunnel
+[1050.760 --> 1052.360]  and you have really important nerves,
+[1052.360 --> 1054.200]  the media nerve that goes in there,
+[1054.200 --> 1057.160]  but you just really need to press gently on that.
+[1057.160 --> 1059.720]  You don't really need your rest to go like 90 degrees
+[1059.720 --> 1061.320]  or anything like that,
+[1061.320 --> 1064.160]  but you do need it to be a little bit mobile.
+[1065.080 --> 1066.120]  Okay, next slide.
+[1068.880 --> 1072.160]  This slide just shows how you can monitor the motion
+[1072.160 --> 1074.680]  in your hand by drawing an outline of it
+[1074.680 --> 1078.080]  and then making sure you push down on the back of your hand
+[1078.080 --> 1080.920]  that your fingers would fit into your outline there.
+[1082.440 --> 1083.280]  Next slide.
+[1085.920 --> 1089.320]  This shows some different ways to keep track
+[1089.320 --> 1092.720]  of how big the website space in your thumb is.
+[1092.720 --> 1095.800]  Find the largest object that will fit in the website.
+[1095.800 --> 1098.480]  Okay, I shall do with my bottle of water there.
+[1098.480 --> 1100.560]  And as you can see in the pictures on the left,
+[1100.560 --> 1101.960]  there's no space there.
+[1101.960 --> 1105.600]  You can use anything, a water bottle, a spice jar,
+[1105.600 --> 1108.720]  tomato paste, the one on the right shows
+[1108.720 --> 1110.440]  that the object is too big,
+[1110.440 --> 1114.080]  but the goal is to use this exercise to stretch
+[1114.080 --> 1117.400]  your web space there if you want to.
+[1117.400 --> 1119.480]  But it's a way to just keep track of it.
+[1119.480 --> 1122.200]  Like I said, sometimes in square derma,
+[1122.200 --> 1124.640]  it seems like you have full motion in your hand
+[1124.640 --> 1125.920]  or when we get to your mouth
+[1125.920 --> 1128.480]  and then you kind of notice all of a sudden you don't.
+[1128.480 --> 1131.120]  So these are ways to kind of keep track of that.
+[1132.240 --> 1133.320]  Okay, next slide.
+[1135.680 --> 1138.000]  And then you probably remember the song in your kid
+[1138.000 --> 1139.800]  that the whatever's,
+[1139.800 --> 1140.320]  what is it,
+[1140.320 --> 1142.080]  thumb bones connected to the wrist bone,
+[1142.080 --> 1143.680]  to the arm bone, whatever.
+[1143.680 --> 1145.720]  So to do anything with your hands,
+[1145.720 --> 1148.040]  your hands have to be able to get somewhere.
+[1148.040 --> 1151.280]  So that usually involves all the other joints.
+[1151.280 --> 1155.760]  The one on the top left there is shoulder flexion,
+[1155.760 --> 1159.280]  raising the arms up over your head as high as you can.
+[1159.280 --> 1162.400]  You can also do this if people are laying down in bed
+[1162.400 --> 1163.520]  over the side of the bed
+[1163.520 --> 1165.240]  and lift your arms up over your head
+[1165.240 --> 1167.680]  and let gravity pull them back behind you.
+[1169.800 --> 1173.360]  The one in the middle there is shoulder extension,
+[1173.360 --> 1175.480]  putting the hands behind the back
+[1175.480 --> 1177.680]  and bringing your shoulder blades together
+[1177.680 --> 1179.760]  to stretch out this area here.
+[1181.640 --> 1185.120]  The one on the right, top right, external rotation,
+[1185.120 --> 1187.200]  putting your arms up like this,
+[1187.200 --> 1189.040]  putting your hands behind your neck
+[1189.040 --> 1193.160]  and again trying to stretch out your chest area here,
+[1193.160 --> 1196.640]  especially important too if you have lung problems.
+[1196.640 --> 1199.800]  And also, I hate to say it,
+[1199.800 --> 1201.960]  but a lot of us spend a lot of time these days
+[1201.960 --> 1204.880]  sitting over our computers or our kindles,
+[1204.880 --> 1207.240]  our laptops, our phones,
+[1207.240 --> 1209.000]  and rolling this little bent position.
+[1209.000 --> 1212.480]  So it's really important to keep that area mobile.
+[1213.320 --> 1215.160]  On the bottom picture shows,
+[1215.160 --> 1217.200]  turning the hands up and down,
+[1217.200 --> 1221.920]  but using a rolling pin to kind of stretch a little bit,
+[1221.920 --> 1223.280]  use a hammer if you want to,
+[1223.280 --> 1225.760]  but I figured most people probably had rolling pins
+[1225.760 --> 1228.880]  or a stick, some type of stick with that.
+[1230.600 --> 1232.000]  Okay, next slide.
+[1234.400 --> 1239.400]  Okay, so we are going to move on here to the face
+[1240.000 --> 1242.480]  and why the face is very important.
+[1243.840 --> 1245.880]  One reason is to go to the dentist,
+[1245.880 --> 1248.040]  that's probably when people begin to notice
+[1248.040 --> 1252.520]  that they don't have full motion or full mouth opening,
+[1252.520 --> 1254.440]  or hygienist or dentist will realize
+[1254.440 --> 1256.240]  that it's harder to get in their mouth,
+[1256.240 --> 1259.840]  could be trying to eat that big burger that you want to eat.
+[1259.840 --> 1262.480]  Speaking or brushing your teeth.
+[1263.440 --> 1264.280]  Next slide.
+[1266.840 --> 1269.440]  So mouth and face exercises.
+[1269.440 --> 1270.920]  And these are the ones I said,
+[1270.920 --> 1272.720]  remember I said some of these exercises
+[1272.720 --> 1275.120]  you might want to do in the shower
+[1275.120 --> 1277.320]  because everybody might be watching you.
+[1277.320 --> 1279.240]  The shower, nobody is.
+[1279.240 --> 1281.680]  So when it's open your mouth wide,
+[1281.680 --> 1285.760]  as wide as you can and hold that for three to five seconds.
+[1289.160 --> 1293.400]  And the other one is person your lips, puffing them out,
+[1293.400 --> 1295.880]  blowing out your cheeks, that is.
+[1295.880 --> 1297.320]  And that's the one at the bottom there,
+[1297.320 --> 1300.320]  blowing out your cheeks, person your lips.
+[1301.800 --> 1303.680]  And then the big cheesy smile,
+[1303.680 --> 1306.240]  like a real cheesy smile like he's doing.
+[1308.120 --> 1310.720]  It's all those help stretch the skin
+[1310.720 --> 1313.840]  and the facial muscles that all help with mouth opening.
+[1315.240 --> 1316.960]  And then the next slide please.
+[1319.840 --> 1324.480]  So this one manual stretching of the mouth with the fingers.
+[1324.480 --> 1326.280]  Make sure you wash your hands beforehand,
+[1326.280 --> 1328.640]  use hand sanitizer, but if you do that,
+[1328.640 --> 1329.920]  it might taste jucky.
+[1329.920 --> 1332.120]  So I'm always careful about that.
+[1332.120 --> 1334.760]  So but if you're in the shower, you can do this.
+[1334.760 --> 1337.560]  You're basically putting the thumb in the corner
+[1337.560 --> 1340.720]  of one side of your mouth and the other thumb on the other side
+[1340.720 --> 1344.160]  and then you stretch it sideways like that.
+[1344.160 --> 1348.080]  And the dentist who often speaks at the Scler German meeting
+[1348.080 --> 1349.800]  said sometimes people just doing this
+[1349.800 --> 1351.920]  before the dentist or hygienist comes in
+[1351.920 --> 1353.560]  can help loosen their mouth up.
+[1354.840 --> 1357.680]  The one at the bottom is using tongue depressors
+[1357.680 --> 1359.640]  called augmentation.
+[1359.640 --> 1362.840]  See if you can put a pile of tongue depressors from the corner
+[1363.840 --> 1366.600]  the insides around the front of your mouth
+[1366.600 --> 1369.880]  to the corner of the other side of your mouth.
+[1369.880 --> 1372.520]  And they can wrap a rubber band around them
+[1372.520 --> 1374.760]  and then you just put them in there and hold it.
+[1374.760 --> 1378.000]  Now this one though, I would caution you don't do this
+[1378.000 --> 1380.520]  unless you've talked to your dentist or hygienist
+[1380.520 --> 1383.520]  because if you do have some temporal mandibular pain
+[1383.520 --> 1387.280]  or problems, this might not be a good exercise for you.
+[1388.680 --> 1389.520]  Next slide.
+[1390.200 --> 1392.200]  So monitoring your mouth open,
+[1392.200 --> 1393.200]  not it's a little bit important
+[1393.200 --> 1395.040]  because you only usually go to the dentist
+[1395.040 --> 1397.040]  like every six months to a year.
+[1397.040 --> 1399.040]  So that you may not notice it
+[1399.040 --> 1401.040]  because most of the time unless you're at the dentist
+[1401.040 --> 1404.040]  you aren't open your mouth is wide as humanly possible
+[1404.040 --> 1405.040]  with that.
+[1405.040 --> 1410.040]  But you can measure how wide you can open your mouth
+[1410.040 --> 1413.040]  from the bottom front teeth to the top
+[1413.040 --> 1417.280]  and you can make a card or find something sterile
+[1417.280 --> 1419.280]  that's the same width to use.
+[1419.280 --> 1424.280]  Or you can make a card or have somebody help you make a card
+[1424.280 --> 1426.280]  like the picture at the bottom
+[1426.280 --> 1429.280]  and you can hold up the card to your teeth
+[1429.280 --> 1431.280]  while standing in front of a mirror.
+[1431.280 --> 1433.280]  And then you can kind of check to see
+[1433.280 --> 1436.280]  how if you are maintaining that mouth opening
+[1436.280 --> 1439.280]  and if you aren't then you probably need to do the exercise
+[1439.280 --> 1440.280]  as a little bit more.
+[1442.280 --> 1443.280]  Okay, next slide please.
+[1444.280 --> 1448.280]  And just oral hygiene because I think that is so important
+[1448.280 --> 1452.280]  and if your mouth doesn't open fully then it can affect that.
+[1452.280 --> 1454.280]  So all the different types of objects
+[1454.280 --> 1458.280]  that you can use that with smaller flasters
+[1458.280 --> 1460.280]  that have the smaller head on them,
+[1460.280 --> 1463.280]  electric toothbrushes, water picks with that.
+[1463.280 --> 1466.280]  Next slide please.
+[1466.280 --> 1471.280]  So I did want to, especially if you're using a
+[1471.280 --> 1474.280]  little bit of strength for the hand later if you would like.
+[1474.280 --> 1477.280]  I think there were some questions on that.
+[1477.280 --> 1479.280]  But I don't know about you,
+[1479.280 --> 1482.280]  but I have certainly noticed that I seem to be a little bit more
+[1482.280 --> 1484.280]  centenary during these times.
+[1484.280 --> 1488.280]  Just even sitting at a desk at work for the computers
+[1488.280 --> 1491.280]  or different from sitting at home with it on your lap.
+[1491.280 --> 1494.280]  So just making sure that you're staying active
+[1494.280 --> 1498.280]  and this often happens to be a little bit more centenary
+[1498.280 --> 1501.280]  and just making sure that you're staying active.
+[1501.280 --> 1504.280]  And this also involves the lower extremities.
+[1504.280 --> 1507.280]  So these are just some exercises you can do.
+[1507.280 --> 1510.280]  Leg raises, heel raises, squats.
+[1510.280 --> 1512.280]  If your balance isn't that great,
+[1512.280 --> 1516.280]  make sure that you are holding on like people in the picture here.
+[1516.280 --> 1518.280]  And also you can put a chair behind you.
+[1518.280 --> 1523.280]  Do any of these spacing a table with the chair behind you.
+[1523.280 --> 1527.280]  And that next one please.
+[1527.280 --> 1531.280]  These are some other ones to help maintain the strength in your legs.
+[1531.280 --> 1533.280]  During this time and you know,
+[1533.280 --> 1539.280]  just to get up and move around.
+[1539.280 --> 1543.280]  Next slide please.
+[1543.280 --> 1546.280]  So be active. Do what you want to do.
+[1546.280 --> 1548.280]  And all of you are from all different parts of the country.
+[1548.280 --> 1550.280]  And the weather is doing different things.
+[1550.280 --> 1552.280]  But you know, right, a bike.
+[1552.280 --> 1554.280]  If you like to walk, walk.
+[1554.280 --> 1557.280]  That's my friendly neighborhood road runner.
+[1557.280 --> 1559.280]  I live in New Mexico.
+[1559.280 --> 1562.280]  And he's walking all over the place now.
+[1562.280 --> 1566.280]  So, you know, you'll see all who knows who you'll see when you take a lot.
+[1566.280 --> 1569.280]  Yoga is always good.
+[1569.280 --> 1572.280]  Dancing, swimming is good.
+[1572.280 --> 1575.280]  May not be the best time of year right now for most of you.
+[1575.280 --> 1578.280]  It just kind of keep those in mind.
+[1578.280 --> 1580.280]  Try and be active.
+[1580.280 --> 1583.280]  So believe in yourself.
+[1583.280 --> 1585.280]  Don't be alone.
+[1585.280 --> 1586.280]  You can't.
+[1586.280 --> 1587.280]  You can't.
+[1587.280 --> 1588.280]  You can't.
+[1588.280 --> 1590.280]  Pay yourself.
+[1590.280 --> 1595.280]  Even taking laps around your house is good.
+[1595.280 --> 1596.280]  Next slide.
+[1596.280 --> 1600.280]  I put these in because I think one of the things during this time period is.
+[1600.280 --> 1601.280]  Sort of the uncertainty.
+[1601.280 --> 1602.280]  And so dance moves.
+[1602.280 --> 1603.280]  Smile.
+[1603.280 --> 1606.280]  I put the happy dance in because it makes me happy.
+[1606.280 --> 1609.280]  I don't know how many of you remember the swim.
+[1609.280 --> 1614.280]  Now, the video is not all that great because it's a really old song.
+[1614.280 --> 1617.280]  However, the reason I put that in there is to do the swim dance.
+[1617.280 --> 1620.280]  You have to really get all that our motion in there.
+[1620.280 --> 1623.280]  So it is also good exercise.
+[1623.280 --> 1626.280]  And you can do your exercises with whatever music.
+[1626.280 --> 1628.280]  You certainly don't have to listen to these.
+[1628.280 --> 1635.280]  But whatever you can do to be active and get moving as much as you can.
+[1635.280 --> 1639.280]  Next slide.
+[1639.280 --> 1641.280]  So I'm going to end here.
+[1641.280 --> 1645.280]  I think I have one more after this and then we'll take questions.
+[1645.280 --> 1650.280]  Hannah, heat and massage can be done before exercises to warm up tissues.
+[1650.280 --> 1653.280]  I didn't talk a lot about massage right now.
+[1653.280 --> 1655.280]  You can massage yourself.
+[1655.280 --> 1659.280]  But oftentimes people need to go somewhere to get a good massage.
+[1659.280 --> 1665.280]  And now with most of it sheltering in place that that may not be possible.
+[1665.280 --> 1674.280]  But start your stretching and range of motion exercises should be aggressive and start before obvious deformities or any loss of mouth opening.
+[1674.280 --> 1681.280]  So even if your mouth opening seems really good, but you still have some tightness in your in the skin on your face.
+[1681.280 --> 1689.280]  Or if your hands have pretty much full range of motion, but they are a little bit tight, you still should do these exercises.
+[1689.280 --> 1697.280]  Maybe not as often as you might need to if you have some difficulties fully straightening or bending the fingers in your hand.
+[1697.280 --> 1700.280]  Try and monitor them.
+[1700.280 --> 1703.280]  Exercise and stretch.
+[1703.280 --> 1708.280]  All hand joints, but concentrate on the ones that are the tightest and be active.
+[1708.280 --> 1710.280]  You are in charge.
+[1710.280 --> 1712.280]  Manage your scleroderma.
+[1712.280 --> 1717.280]  Take care of yourself and smile and keep connected.
+[1717.280 --> 1721.280]  And one last slide, I think I have a couple more.
+[1721.280 --> 1731.280]  So I'm just going to say this because I know that it's hard to probably do face exercises, hand exercises when there are so many other things to worry about at this point in time.
+[1731.280 --> 1741.280]  Also when you're you know if you're dancing, moving, walking, you can try and incorporate some of these exercises as you're as you're working doing that too.
+[1741.280 --> 1745.280]  Be healthy, exercise gets sleep, keep a routine.
+[1745.280 --> 1758.280]  So you know think about it maybe what is your routine in the morning, it may be different from what it was before, but try and work in time to do the exercises structure that into your day set reminders on your phone.
+[1758.280 --> 1760.280]  Connect with others.
+[1760.280 --> 1772.280]  Practice calming and breathing techniques and meditation and I've been involved with all these different mental health and well being websites lately for the room of college or rheumatology.
+[1772.280 --> 1775.280]  So think about limiting the news.
+[1775.280 --> 1780.280]  It does really make a difference on your physical and mental health.
+[1780.280 --> 1783.280]  Next slide.
+[1783.280 --> 1793.280]  So I just wanted to call your attention to some resources. There is an internet program for people with scleroderma taking charge of systemic sclerosis, toss.
+[1793.280 --> 1797.280]  And you can just self actually can Google self manage scleroderma.
+[1797.280 --> 1806.280]  I think you need to we ask you to sign in just that's mainly so we can send you any information or updates and kind of keep track.
+[1806.280 --> 1812.280]  And it also has all it also has videos of the hand and face exercises that I talked about today.
+[1812.280 --> 1824.280]  So if doing seeing the pictures of the slides if you need more information and actually seeing somebody do the videos, we have that available on that in that website.
+[1824.280 --> 1828.280]  And then next slide.
+[1828.280 --> 1838.280]  And then they're brochure that we developed for the scleroderma foundation also has stretching exercises for the hand and the face that are available.
+[1838.280 --> 1853.280]  And if you're from Canada, the scleroderma foundation of Canada on Ontario, I know has a lot of different resources to and I know the scleroderma research foundation has different videos and information available to so you know check you should resources to a lot.
+[1853.280 --> 1856.280]  And then there's a lot out there.
+[1856.280 --> 1859.280]  Next slide.
+[1859.280 --> 1870.280]  And those were stress busting strategies, I think I said those, I'm going to take that one out because I'm repeating myself here and next slide.
+[1870.280 --> 1879.280]  And I am finished and I will open it up for questions and hopefully I can provide answers so thank you.
+[1879.280 --> 1891.280]  Thank you so much. That was a fantastic presentation and just a reminder to everybody will be putting a link up on all of our websites. So if you want to go back and see some of those exercises you can and also.
+[1891.280 --> 1900.280]  There are great resources that you can look for also that Janet said to a more in do you want to take the first question.
+[1900.280 --> 1913.280]  Absolutely Janet, there's a question. Do you find that the facial exercises will help loosen the tight face and increase mouth openings or they just to prevent further tightness.
+[1913.280 --> 1931.280]  If it probably depends on people scleroderma and how how well it is, but I think that the stuff actually have been several studies that have shown that do it. This is that there's actually evidence that the mountain exercises do increase mouth opening.
+[1931.280 --> 1941.280]  So I would say yes to do that. I mean it's used for both that can increase it and also hopefully prevent any further loss.
+[1942.280 --> 1953.280]  Let me take the next question. Somebody asks do these exercises help relieve occasional cramps or Charlie first horse that occurs in the finger.
+[1954.280 --> 1956.280]  They certainly can.
+[1956.280 --> 1969.280]  In the one I hate to say this but in the video that we did for on the internet program, the lady is doing a stretch and she in her leg, but she actually gets a Charlie horse in it during the middle of it.
+[1969.280 --> 1987.280]  And we left it in the videotape because I talk her how to get through that. So if somebody is experienced a cramp in their hand and what they probably just need to do is it's just relax it like you do with any cramp and just sort of stretch it out the other direction with that very slowly.
+[1987.280 --> 2000.280]  If that happens, a lot, I might suggest if the person doesn't do it already to try and use some heat before doing the stretches, see if that helps.
+[2000.280 --> 2003.280]  Thank you.
+[2003.280 --> 2008.280]  Janet, another question. My upper lip seems to be getting smaller and tighter.
+[2008.280 --> 2011.280]  Are there specific.
+[2011.280 --> 2017.280]  I feel this backup by increasing what's well maybe massaging the area.
+[2017.280 --> 2026.280]  There's no evidence for that, but I have recommended to people and I don't I guess I hear I am full screen. So if you can like.
+[2026.280 --> 2030.280]  I can pull your lip down.
+[2030.280 --> 2036.280]  Over your teeth or if you can't do that using your lip muscles to actually.
+[2036.280 --> 2044.280]  And if I'm going to show you and then I'll talk it, okay, because they can't do both.
+[2044.280 --> 2052.280]  So I actually pull my lip physically over my teeth and see if that helps.
+[2052.280 --> 2055.280]  But I think it's a good way to get a little bit of that.
+[2055.280 --> 2060.280]  I'm going to go to the bottom to that answer the question.
+[2060.280 --> 2062.280]  Thank you.
+[2062.280 --> 2073.280]  We have another question. It says, do you find that facial exercises help loosen a tight and face an increased mouth openings or are they just preventing further tightening.
+[2073.280 --> 2078.280]  If you already have a small mouth opening opening, is it possible to get it to open wider?
+[2078.280 --> 2089.280]  Before about the mouth opening, there is evidence that shows that the exercises for mouth opening do increase mouth opening.
+[2089.280 --> 2092.280]  Right. Thank you.
+[2092.280 --> 2098.280]  Janet, another question comes in says a great presentation.
+[2098.280 --> 2103.280]  Is it possible to overdo these exercises? How often should they be done?
+[2103.280 --> 2108.280]  They could do them daily and do them a couple of times a day.
+[2108.280 --> 2113.280]  You know, with everything, you probably people could be over aggressive.
+[2113.280 --> 2117.280]  But I would just say maybe they were pushing too hard if they were stretching.
+[2117.280 --> 2123.280]  And to maybe take it slower the next time or not press or push so hard with that.
+[2123.280 --> 2132.280]  But usually for the hand in the face, you know, people or people are finding that they are sore that they maybe should use some heat ahead of time and see if that helps loosen it up.
+[2132.280 --> 2145.280]  Now for other exercises, if you suddenly take up a walking or yoga or bicycling, then you probably will have some soreness, especially if you haven't done that for a while.
+[2145.280 --> 2153.280]  Have you used a device called a therapy therapy or similar for mouth stretching? Can you explain what that is?
+[2153.280 --> 2161.280]  Yes. And I actually, I took the picture out of the slides because I really did need to have a dentist work with you on that.
+[2161.280 --> 2170.280]  But it is a device that you put in the in the tea and you can change sort of how much it opens it like a one of those wrenches, you know that you can twist.
+[2170.280 --> 2173.280]  That's what I always think of when I see it. Please.
+[2173.280 --> 2176.280]  It's not a good way to look at it.
+[2176.280 --> 2192.280]  It does help with that. I don't know if there's a lot of evidence for it, but again, because I think people really need to talk to their dentist or hygienist before trying anything like that. But it is definitely available.
+[2192.280 --> 2200.280]  Okay, Janet, is there any research showing the hand stretches can make positive changes in range of motion, or they merely preventative.
+[2200.280 --> 2213.280]  Again, as with the mouth opening exercises, there is evidence that the hand exercises can improve hand function and hand range of motion.
+[2213.280 --> 2226.280]  Somebody comments that they've had great results with acupuncture around the mouth and the lips and keeping the mouth regular. She said before he said before I before acupuncture she had a hard time talking, laughing, smiling.
+[2226.280 --> 2232.280]  So, I think it's not a good way to say that you're feeling about acupuncture to help with a range of motion.
+[2232.280 --> 2237.280]  I think that you know, usually it's used to help with pain.
+[2237.280 --> 2245.280]  So that is interesting that it help with range of mode. I think that if it helped and it's okay and there aren't any.
+[2245.280 --> 2253.280]  Side effects or anything like that, then then that is probably fine and again, I, you know, I don't know if the if there was some type of pain that started, which is why they had the acupuncture with that.
+[2253.280 --> 2258.280]  I don't think there there's no evidence for it that I'm aware of though.
+[2258.280 --> 2260.280]  Thank you.
+[2260.280 --> 2266.280]  Janet, if you have a finger also, should you avoid heat on the immediate area.
+[2266.280 --> 2274.280]  Probably it would be best to avoid heat on on that area with that.
+[2274.280 --> 2284.280]  Just so that does because oftentimes, implement if they have an ulcer, it may be inflamed and heat can.
+[2284.280 --> 2290.280]  That with it so probably be careful.
+[2290.280 --> 2301.280]  But the one thing about if somebody has an ulcer to try and exercise or stretch the joints around around the ulcer, not like a lot of times people get ulcers over their PIP joints.
+[2301.280 --> 2308.280]  So I really would encourage them, you know, obviously you're not going to want to push on that PIP joint because I would hurt like crazy.
+[2308.280 --> 2317.280]  But to work on bending the the knuckle joint and then maybe the tip of the finger if it doesn't cause too much pain with that.
+[2318.280 --> 2333.280]  And that's what happens sometimes when people have an ulcer, you know, you just don't want to move your finger at all or move your hand, but it's important to keep all the other joints as active as possible while the ulcer heals, which as you know can take quite a while.
+[2333.280 --> 2337.280]  This is actually a follow up on that question. It's similar.
+[2337.280 --> 2351.280]  The person would like to know do any of these exercises help prevent blisters or wounds that can appear between the toes or the fingers. And if do you have any suggestions for what would be what is a good suggestion to prevent such wounds.
+[2351.280 --> 2360.280]  Well, they won't really prevent wounds. Now one thing though is if people have the contractors and their PIP joints like that.
+[2360.280 --> 2369.280]  A lot of times people may end up bumping their fingers and that could lead to an ulcer with that. So, you know, kind of maybe.
+[2369.280 --> 2382.280]  But really, I think it prevents ulcers is really, I don't know if there is anything except to take all the precautions that people should be taking for renaugts, you know, being the cold.
+[2382.280 --> 2397.280]  If they're on medications for it to be, you know, consistent on taking their medications with that. But and really avoid cuts and avoid, you know, irritants and all those everything for protection against rain notes should.
+[2397.280 --> 2402.280]  And that is what helps with ulcers and medication.
+[2402.280 --> 2407.280]  My skin is very tender. Is it.
+[2407.280 --> 2413.280]  Can I take my pain medication or would I hurt my skin if I did this before exercising?
+[2413.280 --> 2416.280]  I'm sorry Marine, what was the first part of the question?
+[2416.280 --> 2423.280]  My skin is very tender. Can I take my pain medication before exercise or will I hurt my skin?
+[2423.280 --> 2429.280]  No, definitely could take the pain medication before the exercise.
+[2429.280 --> 2435.280]  And what about some suggestions for hip pain and how to reduce that?
+[2435.280 --> 2449.280]  Where are the hip pain is and what might be causing because, you know, hip pain to could be caused by arthritis. A lot of times people have different rheumatic diseases at the same time with that.
+[2449.280 --> 2459.280]  So there could be some, you know, something like that that could be going on there too or some inflammation from a tendon or a muscle.
+[2459.280 --> 2463.280]  I really can answer that question very well.
+[2463.280 --> 2473.280]  Okay, Janet, another one for you for mouth stretching. It feels like my lips are so tight. It's my lips that are tight. No, my cheeks. Is this what I'm stretching?
+[2473.280 --> 2487.280]  Your lips are involved and if people have really tight lips and perhaps they may want to do something like, you know, Vaseline or Carmack or some one of those moisturizing things before stretching that doing the mouth exercises with that.
+[2487.280 --> 2496.280]  But it should help stretch the lips a little bit too. But again, I said moisturize or before you doing the exercises.
+[2496.280 --> 2505.280]  This question is sort of a similar question to the ulcer question, but do you have anything you can recommend for preventing swollen fingers?
+[2505.280 --> 2527.280]  Again, it depends on what now is part of the scleroderma. And some people's one of the earlier phases of scleroderma where people have have puffy fingers with that. So that may just sometimes people have used compression type of gloves, not real type compression.
+[2527.280 --> 2537.280]  Sometimes that might help a little bit with that doing keeping the fingers active may help to a lot of times, depending on where people live.
+[2537.280 --> 2547.280]  If they are walking or doing outside activities and they have their hands down a lot, sometimes that can cause some some puffiness too, but but keeping the hands.
+[2547.280 --> 2554.280]  You know, active and moving and seeing as some of those lighter compression gloves may help.
+[2554.280 --> 2558.280]  Thank you.
+[2558.280 --> 2563.280]  Hi Janet, is it.
+[2563.280 --> 2568.280]  Any suggestions for exercise with severe contractures and calcinoosis?
+[2568.280 --> 2581.280]  I think it's really limited the movement and pressure on the areas. And I can add to that, you know, fingertips that have since no longer exist.
+[2581.280 --> 2593.280]  Right, right. So the if people have really, so let me see if I can break this down. So do have really severe contractures in their in their hands. So is that what you think what you think the question means.
+[2593.280 --> 2598.280]  But one thing is to try and, you know, get the other hand underneath the pool.
+[2598.280 --> 2606.280]  If people have let me just say this to a few of really severe contractures and they're kind of long standing, they've had them for a while.
+[2606.280 --> 2620.280]  The exercises probably won't aren't going to dramatic. I just have to say they won't dramatically increase, you know, improve much motion, but they may be able to prevent any worsening of that, you know, the prevention part of it is important.
+[2620.280 --> 2632.280]  So I'm trying to pull if it's like a finger contracture like this, I've just trying to pull them apart as much, you know, as they can and switch hands with that.
+[2632.280 --> 2637.280]  Is that with that. And then there is something about the calcinoosis, which.
+[2637.280 --> 2642.280]  I don't know if the sizes won't really, really do anything, anything for that.
+[2642.280 --> 2647.280]  So the question was would they irritate the calcinoosis and answers.
+[2647.280 --> 2656.280]  No, unless they're pushing around on top of the ulcer or the calcinoosis, the calcino, that could be probably would be very painful.
+[2656.280 --> 2665.280]  So thinking about ways to get the pressure and push without pushing on that particular spot with that.
+[2665.280 --> 2676.280]  You mentioned yoga in your presentation. Somebody said there was asking about the types of yoga because there are so many. Is there a particular type of yoga that you think is best for scleroderma patients.
+[2676.280 --> 2682.280]  No, I think people have to try out which one works best for them.
+[2682.280 --> 2691.280]  I know there are a whole lot of different ones there and out there and people just have to, you know, see what's see what's available.
+[2691.280 --> 2700.280]  You know, these days on on YouTube and even on some of the television channels, there are some yoga exercises and people could try and watch those and see.
+[2700.280 --> 2705.280]  And I know that the, I don't know if they still have it, but the.
+[2705.280 --> 2713.280]  There's so many that does the yoga sessions at the scleroderma foundation meetings and in the summer with that.
+[2713.280 --> 2725.280]  Or maybe different and other places may have different resources with that, but I think if they just try some of the poses and look at what's on on YouTube and see if they can try different ones see what might works.
+[2725.280 --> 2738.280]  I think now, especially with everybody sheltering in place, there's been a lot, especially on Facebook to different types of yoga. So there's a lot of things you can access will still in your home to try different great time to try yoga if you haven't.
+[2738.280 --> 2741.280]  Right.
+[2741.280 --> 2753.280]  Okay, Jan, Jan, there's another one for you for two fingertip pain squeezing the lower part of the fingers sometimes help. Is that because it forces blood flow to the tip.
+[2753.280 --> 2765.280]  I don't know the answer to that question because I would think it would be very painful to to do that. But it might, I don't know, I don't know for sure.
+[2765.280 --> 2773.280]  Have you ever heard of tightness around the eyes, this person writes that they feel like their eye openings are getting smaller.
+[2773.280 --> 2785.280]  That could be due to the tightness just the whole facial tightness with that. It could be part of it. And again, I didn't really talk about eye exercises. I'm sure there's a video out there.
+[2785.280 --> 2802.280]  Of it, but you know, closing the eyes, opening the eyes, those types of things, probably physically trying to stretch them may, may help to, but they, I don't know, you know, it could be the facial tightness, but that might be something they may want to talk to their, their physician about.
+[2802.280 --> 2805.280]  Great. Thank you.
+[2805.280 --> 2817.280]  Okay, Janet, another one for I'm taking a withdrawal bias and to help with swallowing. Is there any other way to help? Is there something we can do to improve swallowing?
+[2818.280 --> 2826.280]  Well, I'm not, I'm not a rheumatologist. I'm an occupational therapist. But again, you know, a lot of the suggestions that are out there for swallowing.
+[2826.280 --> 2831.280]  And all the school or derma foundation and research foundations.
+[2831.280 --> 2834.280]  And to have all these different.
+[2834.280 --> 2845.280]  And to have all these different types of swallowing sort of brochures or information, but things like, you know, watch it when you eat, don't lay down right afterwards, staying upright for a while.
+[2845.280 --> 2860.280]  There's certain foods to avoid, you know, really acidy ones and, and that type of thing, small meals, chewing well, small, but cutting food up, all those types of things with that.
+[2860.280 --> 2872.280]  And this question has to do with your heart rate. So is there a limit for heart rate when exercising? Is that something when, when patients are going to type of exercise that they should also be monitoring their heart rate?
+[2872.280 --> 2874.280]  It depends on.
+[2874.280 --> 2885.280]  They should probably, it depends on their involvement. So if they have mild long or cardiac involvement, they're probably okay to, you know, to do a walking program or something like that.
+[2885.280 --> 2902.280]  But if they have moderate to severe lung involvement or cardiac involvement, they need to talk to their physician before really starting any type of intensive programs on because they may need more monitoring, like by a physical therapist or exercise physiologist.
+[2902.280 --> 2906.280]  Thank you.
+[2906.280 --> 2914.280]  Hi, Janet, would it be safe to use the hot wax with puffy fingers?
+[2914.280 --> 2922.280]  I would try it and see what happens because sometimes the heat can help it does can cause swelling.
+[2922.280 --> 2928.280]  But again, the swelling is different in scleroderma. It's not really due to the inflammatory process.
+[2928.280 --> 2942.280]  So if you use it, then to make sure that when they are after they're, you know, put the plastic on it and put the towels around it, that they are maybe putting it up on pillows. So it's more, you know, gravity is being used to drain any fluid that's up there.
+[2942.280 --> 2951.280]  And then they can just, they'll just have to see if they look puffy or afterwards and then they probably shouldn't use it.
+[2951.280 --> 2967.280]  Another type of question, the listener writes in that my husband has tissue loss in several fingers due to digital ulcerations and gangrene and his scleroderma specialist cautioned him against using hand warmers because he has limitations with his sensitivity to heat.
+[2967.280 --> 2980.280]  She really likes that you gave the temperature range in order prevent a burn, but can you also give an appropriate amount of time in order to prevent burning because it's hard for him to determine how hot something feels because of his diminished sensitivity.
+[2980.280 --> 2997.280]  I like that on the wax or something instead of the 15 or 20 minutes to maybe do 10 minutes if they're putting hot packs or that type of thing or on is to maybe again, make sure that there is like a washcloth or a towel, some type of barrier between the skin and the heating.
+[2997.280 --> 3014.280]  That's for the hot packs and then maybe only leave it on for five minutes and then look at how red the skin is afterwards with that and then whoever the caregiver can actually touch it and feel and kind of get gauge the temperature from that.
+[3014.280 --> 3016.280]  Great solution. Thank you.
+[3016.280 --> 3030.280]  And one one thought on marine the question that marine asked about the swollen fingers, I didn't really talk about this because it's kind of sometimes it can be hard for people to do themselves, but one treatment for puppy fingers is also kind of a massage.
+[3030.280 --> 3048.280]  The lymph vessels are larger in the forearm, they are then they are in the hand in the finger, so sometimes just trying to push fluid, you start at the tips of the fingers and push it more towards the hand and then from the hand into the forearm may help a little bit.
+[3048.280 --> 3065.280]  There was one study that was done on that, but it was there was somebody else who did the massage like a physical therapist, the occupational therapist, but that is something that people may be able to do themselves and see if that helps with the puppy fingers.
+[3066.280 --> 3075.280]  The question would like to exercise thumbs any precautions or advice for people with a lot of our stridic pain.
+[3075.280 --> 3088.280]  Yes, a lot of times people also have CMC arthritis down in this joint, unfortunately, those of us that get a little older here over about 45 or 50.
+[3088.280 --> 3103.280]  So, if you see that joint can get involved, so they need to really be careful on pushing or doing anything like that, probably just more active exercises may be better if they also have the arthritis on top of the slower derma.
+[3103.280 --> 3112.280]  Great, and somebody has about medications, are there any medications patients can take to stop face tightening.
+[3112.280 --> 3116.280]  That is out of my realm, they need to ask the rheumatologist that.
+[3116.280 --> 3133.280]  So, that's a good resource always for these things that rheumatologist is another good resource for all of this things of skin tightening and range of motion and those type of things you suggest that patients also consult not only with the OT, but the rheumatologist as well.
+[3133.280 --> 3145.280]  Did any I want can I have a question, did it were there any questions on the strengthening because I know that some people were interested hand strengthening that is I didn't know if you guys had any of those questions or not or.
+[3145.280 --> 3150.280]  In the time, I know we don't have much time left.
+[3150.280 --> 3162.280]  We have about a few minutes left, so if there anything that you want to specifically say about that, Dr. pool.
+[3162.280 --> 3173.280]  I think the hand strengthening these days is something to that, you know, there are I went and found all these gadgets at my kids, not me, but my kids.
+[3173.280 --> 3182.280]  So a lot of times you see these contraptions like this that you have to squeeze and people are always tell people to get a tennis fall and squeeze them.
+[3182.280 --> 3185.280]  The tennis balls don't really do anything.
+[3185.280 --> 3194.280]  Because if you look at my really squeeze it here, you can see there's like no indentation, even if I was really strong, I'm pretty sure there'd be no indentation.
+[3194.280 --> 3205.280]  But they don't strengthen all the muscles in the hand because the muscles in the hand go all the way from the tip to the finger all the way up into the forearm. So no for tennis balls.
+[3205.280 --> 3213.280]  But if people have any types of they have sponges at home or foam or anything like that, where when you squeeze it.
+[3213.280 --> 3231.280]  And if you can tell you get really full motion that gets all the muscles in the finger for some of the people that on the call that are probably way stronger than me, you know, these kind of contract these things are the ones with rubber bands as long as people get full motion are good.
+[3231.280 --> 3246.280]  These are things I found around my health so I know people are sheltering in and home. This is some gadget and some of you that have kids may have things like this to you know those types of squishy things that you squeeze with your hands.
+[3246.280 --> 3257.280]  But also people can squeeze them. I don't see what I'm doing on that. But in between like fingers to try and strengthen each finger.
+[3257.280 --> 3278.280]  That type of thing. So you know sponges foam all those types of things are good. You can look up a recipe online for silly putty or which is a little bit of resistance exercises to so just a bunch of different things to do don't don't do tennis balls. So they're really that helpful.
+[3278.280 --> 3292.280]  Well, thank you, Dr. Poole. I think we are just coming up on top of the hour. We want to thank all of you for participating today. Dr. Poole for your great advice and guidance through some exercises that are important.
+[3292.280 --> 3304.280]  Who knew that sponges were for more than just cleaning. That's a great thing to know. And again, I want to thank everyone at the Slerderham Research Foundation, Slerderham, Canada.
+[3304.280 --> 3311.280]  And my team at Slerderham Foundation for helping to put all this together today. Thank you all for your participation.
+[3311.280 --> 3319.280]  And remember this will be online and the organizations will be providing the links to this. So if you missed anything, you can watch it again.
+[3319.280 --> 3323.280]  Again, thank you everyone and take care of yourself and stay safe.
+[3323.280 --> 3325.280]  Thank you. Bye everybody.

transcript/webinar_HZJnUyxCRsQ.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
+[0.000 --> 8.000]  All right, excellent. So again, thank you to everyone who is tuning in both live and listening to the recording.
+[8.000 --> 15.000]  My name is Dr. Spickel, Pediatrist Human Movement Specialist and founder of Noboso.
+[15.000 --> 29.000]  So very excited to have this opportunity for a conversation and some education around the topic of symmetry, movement, gate, and then of course sensory perception.
+[29.000 --> 39.000]  And that can how that can help us potentially find balanced movement. So with all of our webinars, we do have them recorded.
+[39.000 --> 49.000]  We give the opportunity for asking questions. So if you do have questions throughout, make sure that you type those into either the chat or the Q&A. I'll be answering both of those.
+[49.000 --> 68.000]  And then if you happen to be recording or listening to the recording, and then just send me an email or some sort of contact form. If you have any questions, I like to make myself available. And we would be happy to answer any of your questions. So all the questions will be answered at the end.
+[68.000 --> 73.000]  So as we jump into this again, my background.
+[73.000 --> 94.000]  I am the founder of Noboso and the CEO, you know, all in with the sensory stimulation, but outside of that, being a functional pediatrist and human movement specialist. I spend a lot of my time studying, researching and assessing gate, primarily dysfunctional gate or movement disorders.
+[94.000 --> 106.000]  So I'm going to start with the concept of symmetry, the place that my mind goes right away is to gate symmetry or asymmetries. And of course, how you can see that we're with certain movement disorders.
+[106.000 --> 122.000]  So this applies to all aspects of potential symmetry or lack of symmetry. And do we really even want to achieve a balanced body? Is it evolutionarily advantageous to have symmetry or to have a symmetry?
+[122.000 --> 141.000]  So in addition to private practice, Noboso, I'm the founder of eBFA global. So if this is your first time listening to any webinar through both myself or Noboso, just know that eBFA global is an education company that is
+[141.000 --> 156.000]  based off of barefoot science and sensory stimulation. And I know that I think Dar's racing or hand if you could just type in any of your questions or comments if you have in your race in your hand is just easier if you type that in.
+[156.000 --> 165.000]  So that's it. And then finally, in addition, I'm the author of barefoot strong, the book, which is available on Amazon and then we also sell that through Noboso.
+[165.000 --> 185.000]  So let's think about symmetry in this topic of symmetry course, we're going to be speaking about movement symmetry, but from a human slash symmetry perspective, one thing when you think about symmetry and the development of us, almost sapiens.
+[185.000 --> 208.000]  is that a lot of what is on our left side is built on to that right side and what's actually interesting is that beauty is based off of symmetry and when I was writing this PowerPoint yesterday, I actually got into some research articles and apps that you can actually take a picture of yourself or share a picture.
+[208.000 --> 213.360]  of these different measurements and tell you how symmetrical or asymmetrical your faces.
+[213.360 --> 218.400]  And then oftentimes that actually translates into beauty. So those who have more symmetrical
+[218.400 --> 225.440]  faces are actually perceived as more beautiful. I don't know, even though you might think that
+[225.440 --> 233.040]  some of the uniqueness is actually what creates beauty. But symmetry in us from an aesthetic
+[233.040 --> 238.080]  perspective symmetry is actually desired because it's a way that we associate beauty.
+[239.120 --> 247.120]  Now symmetry or lack of symmetry is actually developed or starting to develop in utero.
+[247.120 --> 253.280]  And we start to favor one side and the rotations that we turn even the way that we come out of
+[253.280 --> 262.240]  the womb is asymmetrical, which is quite interesting. So does movement symmetry even exist?
+[262.240 --> 268.960]  That's really the question. Now when we think of pictures swinging a bat, soccer, football,
+[268.960 --> 277.280]  or even gymnastics, there is always a limb dominance or a side that is preferred. So this element
+[277.280 --> 285.120]  of asymmetry is actually part of a lot of the athletic or repetitive movements that we do
+[285.120 --> 293.600]  every day. Now where this typically starts and where you will see side dominance or laterality
+[293.600 --> 303.600]  in sports is based off of our preference for handiness and footedness as we develop. And this
+[303.600 --> 312.000]  limb or hand slash foot laterality is of course developed in childhood. Now what I thought was
+[312.000 --> 317.680]  quite interesting is that even during our gestational period when we are developing in utero,
+[317.680 --> 324.000]  we are still exhibiting a preference for one side of or the body versus the other. And then when
+[324.000 --> 331.520]  we look at handedness, so handedness, you will actually see that a majority of people will prefer
+[331.520 --> 337.920]  that right handed dominance. Here it's saying 90% of people exhibit a well defined right hand
+[338.000 --> 347.760]  preference and that a majority of limb preferences is actually postnatal. So some of it can be
+[347.760 --> 356.080]  genetic. There's a 10 to 20% contributing factor of genetics in limb laterality, but a lot of
+[356.080 --> 363.920]  other part of that is environmentally factored. Some people will probably say that some of the
+[363.920 --> 369.760]  hand preference that they start to promote that and push that when children start to go to school.
+[370.640 --> 377.280]  And I actually think it's quite interesting because my daughter is two years old and she is extremely
+[378.480 --> 384.000]  talented at her level of two years old for both her left and her right hand. And she actually
+[384.000 --> 389.200]  has a slight preference to her right hand right now. She'll use her fork and she'll color and draw
+[389.840 --> 397.200]  and it'll be quite interesting to see the way that her pretty much symmetrical preference for
+[397.200 --> 406.320]  handedness switches as she gets a little bit older. Now, limb preference is that you actually will
+[406.320 --> 413.440]  start to see more of this even split that half the people will prefer the left and then the other
+[413.440 --> 421.280]  people will prefer the right limb. And what they theorize with this, why it's different than right hand
+[421.280 --> 428.640]  dominance and you see this left and right leg dominance split, is that lower limb movements are
+[428.640 --> 434.960]  actually more complex from a brain activation perspective and the way that it is coordinated.
+[435.520 --> 441.520]  So you have this higher level of brain processing when it comes to lower limb movements and what's
+[441.520 --> 448.240]  happening. So I thought that that was quite interesting. But regardless of the dominance or the
+[448.240 --> 456.160]  prevalence of right foot versus left foot, we as an individual do have a footedness. And it is
+[456.160 --> 462.720]  determined based off of what foot would you use to kick a ball? So whichever foot that is, or if you
+[462.720 --> 467.040]  were with your feet together, which foot would you step forward? If you were going up the stairs,
+[467.040 --> 473.440]  which would you step forward with first, then that would be your footedness. So there is a
+[473.440 --> 482.640]  preference. So preference in limb or laterality and misdominance is, like I said before, an important
+[482.640 --> 492.320]  part or a necessary part of athletic performance and really movement efficiency. Now where I put
+[492.320 --> 501.360]  the position on the table is, is where then does limb dominance or lateral dominance become a
+[501.360 --> 512.400]  little bit too much and potentially injury, a injury risk factor. So let's take a look.
+[513.120 --> 518.800]  Before we get into gate and some other movement patterns,
+[519.760 --> 524.800]  yes, we know that there's a laterality too pitching to hitting a baseball or swing in a racket
+[524.800 --> 529.280]  to gymnastics, which later you're going to step forward with first, which one are you going to
+[529.280 --> 537.040]  kick with if you were a martial artist? Let's step away from that and let's actually look at
+[537.040 --> 546.640]  bilateral movements. So if we have a laterality or lateral dominance in a sport or a pattern such
+[546.640 --> 553.920]  as throwing a ball, what then happens in the case of what would be a quote unquote symmetrical
+[553.920 --> 562.720]  movement pattern such as a bilateral squat running, walking, cycling does a symmetry exist in
+[562.720 --> 568.400]  those movement patterns as well or does dominance exist in those movement patterns as well.
+[568.960 --> 576.400]  And what they see with the research has seen in bilateral movements such as a bilateral squat
+[576.960 --> 585.920]  is that there is still this dominant limb that we are subconsciously recruiting more power and force
+[585.920 --> 592.320]  from one leg versus the other. And what they see in the research studies is that there's an
+[592.320 --> 600.160]  average 15% difference in power output from one leg versus the other. Now, why do we see that?
+[600.160 --> 605.360]  Is there something that is contributing to that? These are all the questions that I pose. Could this
+[605.360 --> 616.080]  be potentially increased if someone is status post a ACL repair? So there is this entelgic shift
+[616.080 --> 626.560]  to the more dominant or non-surgical limb that is actually skewing this more than that average 15%
+[626.560 --> 633.520]  and if we have an average 15% difference of limb dominance during a bilateral movement
+[634.320 --> 641.520]  at what point is that too much that we start to see compensation and transfer stress.
+[642.320 --> 649.760]  So now these strength imbalances that we see could possibly affect the athletic performance,
+[649.760 --> 653.840]  of course, increased in the risk of injury or more power and force going through it. So is there
+[653.840 --> 659.680]  more joint stress, more joint wear? Does it then transfer up into the spine and into the pelvis
+[659.680 --> 665.600]  and the way that you recruit some of the muscles or the wear and tear of joints and connective tissue?
+[665.600 --> 675.520]  Absolutely, right? Now, from a cycling perspective, so bilateral squat, we will still have a
+[675.520 --> 681.680]  preference for a limb. 15% is average of what they see in the research. And again, a lot of that
+[681.680 --> 689.760]  is just from limb laterality in general. So this preference for one limb, when you are not
+[689.760 --> 695.920]  in a bilateral movement, you still will carry that laterality into that movement. We all have a
+[695.920 --> 702.960]  stronger limb. And then again, anything beyond too high of a point to restart to see some of that
+[702.960 --> 713.440]  injury risk. Now, if we look at cycling, again, a symmetrical, a seemingly symmetrical movement pattern
+[713.440 --> 722.640]  where you are on a symmetrical pedal stroke, is this a movement pattern that is often symmetrical? Or
+[722.640 --> 729.920]  do these asymmetries and limb dominances and laterality transfer to cycling as well?
+[730.240 --> 739.840]  And what they see is that similarly, pedaling asymmetry appears to be related to limb preference,
+[739.840 --> 748.160]  but you can actually reduce that limb preference as you increase the pedaling workload. So depending on
+[748.160 --> 755.360]  the level of work required, you might actually be able to balance out some of that pedaling asymmetry or
+[755.360 --> 763.280]  that limb dominance. Now, the average asymmetry that you see within that pedal torque ranges between
+[763.280 --> 769.520]  eight and nine percent. So we're seeing kind of that average from a bilateral squat was sitting
+[769.520 --> 777.760]  in around 15%, cycling, you're seeing it right, eight, nine, probably 10%. Now, knee moments are higher
+[778.320 --> 785.840]  in the preferred limb, whereas hip movements were higher in the non-preferred limb. So in your
+[785.840 --> 794.720]  dominant limb from a cycling perspective, there was a increased knee moment, whereas in the
+[795.520 --> 802.640]  non-dominant limb, it was more of a hip movement. And what the research studies show is that training
+[802.640 --> 810.720]  muscles across the hip joints were suggested as effective to minimize or avoid limb asymmetry during
+[810.720 --> 817.040]  pedaling, which is quite interesting. So making sure that you are finding balanced hip flexion,
+[817.040 --> 825.040]  glute hip, those power muscles of the lumbopalva hip complex to try to maintain that optimal pedal
+[825.040 --> 835.280]  symmetry. Now, if we look at running as an example, running symmetry or asymmetry, again, it is a
+[835.280 --> 844.880]  movement pattern that theoretically could or should be symmetrical, one step leading to another
+[844.880 --> 854.960]  step, one stride leading to another stride. Now, here, running foot asymmetry. So a lot of the
+[854.960 --> 861.200]  research around running symmetry or asymmetry actually had to do with the foot and the relationship
+[861.200 --> 867.600]  with the ground reaction forces. So if you're looking at lateral differences and ground reaction
+[867.600 --> 876.080]  forces, greater than 5% one limb versus the other, you actually start to see this increase a load
+[876.080 --> 883.760]  over the tibia, which could then lead to or what I see in my office is a increased stress fracture
+[883.760 --> 890.400]  risk. So anytime I have a runner that comes in and gets stress fractures on one side versus the
+[890.400 --> 899.120]  other, immediately my mind goes towards running asymmetry or ground reaction force asymmetry.
+[899.680 --> 906.320]  And then of course I ask myself, well, why is that happening? Why do we have this asymmetrical
+[906.320 --> 913.600]  load or dissipation of ground reaction forces of the left side versus the right side? Now, what the
+[913.600 --> 922.640]  research has shown or seen or was studied in the research is that a lot of the running asymmetries
+[922.640 --> 930.560]  was tied to asymmetrical sub-tailed joint motion. So the eversion and inversion, the pronation
+[930.560 --> 939.280]  or the supination. So if you have increased pronation on one side versus the other, that is what
+[939.280 --> 947.520]  they're seeing as an asymmetrical shock attenuation. Now, they happened to research shoes and
+[947.520 --> 959.280]  orthotics as the way or the strategy to creating running symmetry or running foot ground reaction
+[959.280 --> 965.120]  force dissipation symmetry. Of course, there's many other things that can contribute to this,
+[965.120 --> 972.240]  but I just thought that it was another interesting side of things. So if we are
+[973.600 --> 981.680]  taking a step back and saying, okay, we have these movement patterns or sports that by design
+[982.480 --> 989.040]  are limb dominant. Tennis as an example, there's going to be a handed preference in tennis
+[989.760 --> 996.560]  baseball, the hand you throw in basketball, the leg you lead with in gymnastics, right? So there's
+[996.560 --> 1004.960]  some of that, those assumptions. But then looking at symmetrical patterns such as running, cycling,
+[1004.960 --> 1012.640]  squatting, that we see asymmetries transfer into those movement patterns as well. Now,
+[1013.520 --> 1022.400]  limb dominance, laterality and asymmetry in movement is common. Now, why is it common?
+[1023.600 --> 1031.920]  The reason that it's a very common is because having a limb dominance and having a more powerful
+[1032.640 --> 1042.560]  limb is actually quite energy efficient. So using the power of one side is allowing
+[1042.960 --> 1051.680]  this optimization of energy transfer. And until it reaches a certain point, does it actually
+[1051.680 --> 1061.760]  contribute to injury risk? Now, I kind of think of asymmetry in movements, kind of like
+[1062.320 --> 1070.640]  Goldilocks is that you don't want to have none. You don't want to be completely symmetrical because
+[1070.640 --> 1080.560]  we are not symmetrical. We have handedness, footedness, and there is potentially this advantage to
+[1080.560 --> 1085.120]  having a more dominant limb. So you don't want to be completely symmetrical, symmetrical. And then
+[1085.120 --> 1091.680]  you don't want to be deviated all the way on one side that you have too much of that asymmetry.
+[1091.680 --> 1100.080]  So we want to find that perfect balance. So as you are listening and the way that I think of this
+[1100.080 --> 1110.960]  from a movement specialist perspective is that if I have an athlete that has a lateral dominance
+[1110.960 --> 1117.360]  because of their sports, tennis, baseball, pitching, gymnastics, all of that,
+[1119.040 --> 1130.960]  that what can we do to try to create a balance of stress? So if I'm constantly rotating to one
+[1130.960 --> 1137.360]  direction, I'm doing a medial rotation on my right side every time I swing the racket or throw a
+[1137.360 --> 1145.920]  ball or a punch and I have this repetitive rotation. Can I simply introduce the opposite movement
+[1145.920 --> 1153.440]  pattern just to create a slight balance in stress to the connective tissue into the joints versus
+[1154.080 --> 1163.440]  believing that I am going to achieve this perfectly symmetrical balanced movement pattern,
+[1163.520 --> 1172.160]  which I would argue does not exist. The other way that I like to think about it is, is there an
+[1172.160 --> 1182.320]  advantage potentially to an athlete in certain sports to not have such strong limb dominance,
+[1182.320 --> 1190.560]  meaning soccer as an example. And the research actually supports this, that in soccer as an example
+[1191.200 --> 1200.880]  where the individual is very footed dominant, right foot dominant, right foot dominant, almost to
+[1200.880 --> 1210.400]  the point that they are weakened or less coordinated on the opposite limb because they favor
+[1211.360 --> 1220.880]  the one side is that an athletic hindrance because of in the heat of the moment and in the game,
+[1220.880 --> 1226.080]  if something occurs, they would never be able to use the other limb because they are so dominant
+[1226.080 --> 1232.320]  on one side. So the research actually shows specifically with soccer and children is that if you
+[1232.320 --> 1240.960]  train the non dominant limb, you actually create a little bit more balanced limb preference that they
+[1240.960 --> 1245.840]  could go back and forth, almost like someone who is avid extras, right, that we don't want to, to,
+[1245.840 --> 1250.800]  too strong of a limb dominance, especially in children and motor development and skill development,
+[1250.800 --> 1257.680]  but then using the non dominant limb. You could probably also argue that non dominant limb
+[1257.680 --> 1265.920]  training is also very brain activating and is a great way to drive neuroplasticity and to
+[1265.920 --> 1272.720]  challenge motor skill development, especially with age, which is always great. Children, age or
+[1272.720 --> 1278.560]  illness are really great opportunities to do that. So when you think of symmetry or asymmetry
+[1278.560 --> 1285.280]  and movement is we want to find this goalie lock, so not too much and not too little, train the
+[1285.280 --> 1294.000]  non dominant side. Of course, they're going to have a limb dominance. So now that then takes us to
+[1294.000 --> 1307.120]  this thought of too much asymmetry. So for this, I'm going to be talking about walking and I do a
+[1307.120 --> 1314.240]  lot of gate assessments. I pretty much do a gate assessment, a walking assessment on every single one
+[1314.240 --> 1326.720]  of my patients. And what I'm looking forward is to have the perfect amount of asymmetry that they're
+[1326.720 --> 1334.480]  not going to stress the joints or have compensation patterns or be highly inefficient. So the most
+[1334.480 --> 1342.080]  common asymmetrical gate patterns are going to be those that start to fall under neurological gates.
+[1342.080 --> 1351.840]  So someone with MS Parkinson's cerebral palsy stroke neuropathy, foot drop, you could even say that
+[1351.840 --> 1361.360]  there's a transient gate asymmetry in someone who is using crutches has a cam walker is status post
+[1361.360 --> 1368.160]  knee surgery, foot surgery, hip surgery, right? So we have this antelgic gate that is also a gate
+[1368.160 --> 1375.280]  asymmetry that is going to start to trigger transfer stress potentially in these individuals.
+[1376.640 --> 1383.200]  Now with these being our common gate asymmetries or even take the antelgic gate if you want to
+[1383.200 --> 1389.520]  think about that, some of the characteristics when we get gate asymmetry is that we're going to see
+[1389.520 --> 1397.760]  the individual walking slower. So they're going to start to slow the gate down because of the
+[1397.760 --> 1405.360]  complex events that are happening during a normal gate cycle is if we have an asymmetry, we're going
+[1405.360 --> 1413.360]  to try to slow it down and potentially try to correct the asymmetry within our gate. And in order
+[1413.360 --> 1420.480]  to do that, you have to slow down. Now as soon as you start slowing down or you lose the normal
+[1421.200 --> 1430.640]  sinusoidal rhythmic pattern of walking, you start to become less efficient. So part of gate
+[1430.640 --> 1438.480]  efficiency is built off of the rhythmic nature of walking. And that is from the heel strike on one
+[1438.480 --> 1445.840]  side, rolling, absorbing, storing it in the connective tissue and then releasing it as the
+[1445.840 --> 1451.760]  opposite limb is essentially going into their heel strike and then you're repeating this. So it
+[1451.760 --> 1460.720]  really is a pattern of cyclical rhythm, momentum that is sinusoidal. That's how you want to think
+[1460.720 --> 1468.400]  about it. Now if one side is moving sinusoidal and because of foot drop on the opposite limb,
+[1468.960 --> 1478.640]  I'm going to be doing something on my dominant side or the non foot drop side to then compensate for
+[1478.640 --> 1483.920]  what's happening on that other side. And then it's going to disrupt that rhythmic pattern. So
+[1484.240 --> 1489.120]  anytime we have a gaities symmetry, we're oftentimes going to see shorter steps. They become
+[1489.120 --> 1497.360]  stochotic. So stochotic steps are kind of how you I call it how you walk in a short distance. So if
+[1497.360 --> 1504.560]  I'm going from the car to into my house or into the grocery store, it's very different than how I
+[1504.560 --> 1512.640]  would walk if I was in a wide open space and picking up my pace to this momentous state. The way that
+[1512.640 --> 1519.200]  we walk around our home is very different than how we were really evolutionarily designed to walk
+[1519.200 --> 1526.000]  a distance. So shorter stochotic steps when you have these stochotic steps, your cadence is going
+[1526.000 --> 1531.920]  to increase. Another key characteristic of gaities symmetry is that you have a less center of
+[1531.920 --> 1537.520]  mass control, the less control that you have over your center of mass, obviously you're going to have
+[1537.520 --> 1542.800]  a fall risk. Same thing with the slower you walk, you're actually a fall risk. If you take shorter
+[1542.800 --> 1548.960]  steps, you actually have a fall risk. So gaities symmetries are classically associated with less
+[1548.960 --> 1557.120]  control, less stability, higher fall risk. Now the marker that you can use to assess gait
+[1557.120 --> 1564.720]  efficiency is going to be what's called the walk ratio. And that is taking a step length over step
+[1564.720 --> 1572.400]  frequency. And that's going to be your walk ratio. Okay. Now some of the common types, so not causes.
+[1572.400 --> 1579.040]  The causes of gaities symmetries are oftentimes neurological or injury could fall under that as well
+[1579.040 --> 1590.400]  or post surgical is going to be this escape gait is what it's called. And it is essentially you
+[1590.400 --> 1598.160]  spending more time on the dominant leg to get off of the non dominant leg. So where the asymmetry
+[1598.160 --> 1605.440]  would lie on a gait assessment, and if you have technology to assess a gait assessment, what is
+[1605.440 --> 1615.040]  often measured is contact time. So contact time or single limb support midstand support is going to
+[1615.040 --> 1621.840]  be a symmetrical and you actually want them to be symmetrical. Same similar, right? So the amount
+[1621.840 --> 1629.440]  of time that I am on my right leg, I want to be the same as the left leg. When you do an escape gait
+[1629.440 --> 1635.840]  or an escape limp, you will actually pick up the non dominant leg quicker than you should you go
+[1635.840 --> 1642.800]  into an early heel lift and or an early swing and you pick it up and then you spend more time on the
+[1644.240 --> 1651.520]  dominant leg. What that oftentimes can lead to is higher ground reaction forces increased
+[1651.520 --> 1659.440]  exposure to ground reaction forces increased stress fracture risk plantivationitis Achilles tendonitis
+[1659.440 --> 1668.240]  knee stress all the way up into SI joint hip kind of lumbopelic hip stress because of higher load
+[1668.240 --> 1675.840]  higher force higher body weight higher time to exposure to these things. A sickling gait is also
+[1675.840 --> 1682.000]  referred to as a circumduction gait and that is where someone will pick up their leg and then swing
+[1682.000 --> 1689.360]  it around. So there's this abduction of the limb out to the side and then they swing the leg around.
+[1690.640 --> 1700.160]  Oftentimes you'll see that in your logical conditions stroke, MS, foot drop, and someone will either
+[1700.160 --> 1707.200]  pick up a sickling gait or a circumduction gait or a stepage gait and a stepage gait is a very hip
+[1707.200 --> 1713.600]  flexor dominant. As their leg is behind them, they're going to bend the knee and hike the hip up,
+[1713.600 --> 1721.600]  hike the leg up. So they're walking, let's try to show you and they'll pick the leg up and then come
+[1721.600 --> 1727.920]  forward. So instead of swinging the leg through like this, they're going to do an exaggerated pickup
+[1727.920 --> 1733.760]  of the leg. The circumduction, just you see that, they're going to swing the leg out to the side.
+[1733.760 --> 1740.080]  So there's this abduction of the leg. Now I know a lot of you are movement specialists, physical
+[1740.080 --> 1747.200]  therapists, body workers. So then that's where you're going to see gait asymmetries and asymmetrical
+[1747.200 --> 1752.880]  recruitment of muscles as if someone is sickling their leg around, right? They're going to get this
+[1752.880 --> 1760.320]  over recruitment of one side dominant glute medias, right? Pyriformis, those muscles that are
+[1760.320 --> 1768.880]  bringing it around and then start to get imbalances, trigger points, potentially brisiduses, kind of on
+[1768.880 --> 1777.120]  that lateral side of the hip. And then similarly, they're spending more time on the dominant side. So
+[1777.840 --> 1785.760]  the injury you see may be in the dominant side, even though it's the other side that has
+[1785.760 --> 1790.640]  foot drop and that they're sickling around. In a stepage gait, you're going to see a lot of hip
+[1790.640 --> 1798.480]  flexor dominance over recruitment of the hip flexors and the quads and anterior muscles as they try
+[1798.480 --> 1806.800]  to pick the leg up. And that's because they do not have enough lower foot muscle strength to actually
+[1806.800 --> 1811.360]  pick up the foot. So they're picking up the whole leg versus picking up the foot. And that's their
+[1811.360 --> 1817.920]  compensation pattern. From any efficiency perspective, of course, that is going to be very inefficient
+[1817.920 --> 1823.680]  because they're doing this exaggerated movement, whereas gait should be very rhythmical.
+[1824.880 --> 1831.520]  Trendellanberg, we're of course familiar with that one. I'm assuming. Trendellanberg is where you
+[1832.240 --> 1838.080]  drop the hip to the side. So you exaggerate. If you're picking up the leg, you're going to drop the
+[1838.080 --> 1843.440]  hip to the side as you bring it up. So it's kind of this exaggeration movement of your
+[1844.880 --> 1847.680]  lumbopelva hip complex in the frontal plane.
+[1850.080 --> 1857.280]  Now, if you have someone who has a gait, a symmetry or a movement, a symmetry, but specifically,
+[1857.280 --> 1867.200]  we're talking here about the walking. When you increase speed, similar to the cycling
+[1867.200 --> 1874.880]  research that we showed, is that when you increase work output, pedal, work load, the asymmetry
+[1874.880 --> 1882.720]  started to level out to a more symmetrical pedal pattern. Similarly, when you push and you force
+[1882.800 --> 1890.080]  the recruitment of the other limb by picking up the speed, you can then start to create a little
+[1890.080 --> 1898.160]  bit more symmetry between the two limbs. Similarly, when you walk uphill, you kind of have no
+[1898.160 --> 1904.560]  choice, but to force this increased recruitment of the non-dominant limb because you're
+[1905.360 --> 1910.560]  you're going to leave it behind if you do not get higher recruitment of that non-dominant limb.
+[1910.560 --> 1917.200]  So uphill, faster walking speed, and then the one that's probably the research most are split
+[1917.200 --> 1924.640]  belt walking. So split belt treadmills that is forcing the recruitment of the non-dominant side,
+[1924.640 --> 1931.120]  saying like, you have no choice. If you want this belt to move leg, you have to work.
+[1931.120 --> 1938.320]  And then it starts to create more of that forced. One thing that I think is really interesting
+[1938.320 --> 1946.880]  about our nervous system is that it likes to be not lazy, but if there is this dominant side that's
+[1946.880 --> 1954.400]  willing to do the work, it's going to let it do the work, right? So sometimes forcing that non-dominant
+[1954.400 --> 1962.880]  side to work is really important. Which is kind of, you know, if you have an injury and you have
+[1962.880 --> 1970.640]  muscle atrophy saying like, no, no, no, I'm not going to use the dominant hand or arm. I'm going to
+[1970.640 --> 1979.680]  force myself to do these things with this atrophy to hand or arm because I need those muscles. I'm
+[1979.680 --> 1985.920]  going to force those muscles to recruit, okay? Which if you do that and you force that side to
+[1985.920 --> 1991.120]  recruit and activate and strengthen and work, that's also where the nervous system is really
+[1991.120 --> 1999.840]  intelligent is that it is based off of survival. So it will find a way, okay? Now another way that you
+[1999.840 --> 2005.920]  can improve gait symmetry is through a crouch gait, which I thought was quite interesting, but it
+[2005.920 --> 2014.480]  takes away the requirement of the foot and ankle muscles. And in a lot of these neurological conditions,
+[2014.480 --> 2020.800]  such as Parkinson's stroke and as cerebral palsy, you get a lot of the atrophy and weaknesses and
+[2020.800 --> 2027.280]  imbalances in the foot and ankle muscles, which means they lose plantar flexion strength. So their
+[2027.280 --> 2033.200]  ability to do a heel raise and really release that power from the Achilles tendon in the plantar
+[2033.200 --> 2042.240]  fascia, that's lost in a lot of these neurological or asymmetrical gates. So by crouching down,
+[2042.240 --> 2048.480]  kind of the way that a primate walks, wearing black is not the best thing, but crouching down. So I'm
+[2048.480 --> 2054.400]  doing a crouching pattern. I'm bending my knees. I'm flexing at the hips, if you can see, and then
+[2054.400 --> 2062.240]  that's how I'm going to walk, okay? That allows me to be balanced in my hip muscles because these
+[2062.240 --> 2067.120]  are less affected in your logical conditions, where it's going to be more distal muscles that are
+[2067.120 --> 2075.120]  affected first. So crouching down allows them to find that symmetrical gate pattern, okay? And then
+[2075.120 --> 2082.320]  I just already mentioned this one. Forcing use of the non-dominant or the injured limb is very important.
+[2083.760 --> 2092.160]  Now, kind of building off of that for how you can use this information in your practice is
+[2092.640 --> 2100.560]  perhaps you're working with athletes that have a lateral dominant sport and you just want to try to
+[2100.560 --> 2107.200]  create a little bit of a reset in the opposite side. Great. That's how I think you should do it.
+[2107.200 --> 2113.440]  You want to avoid excessive limb dominance so that it's not a weakness if that athlete is ever
+[2113.440 --> 2119.600]  exposed to the requirement of using the opposite limb. So doing non-dominant limb training,
+[2120.240 --> 2124.720]  I think that that's great for athletes. It's also great brain training for athletes.
+[2124.720 --> 2129.760]  It's great brain training for every single one of us. So, you know, using the opposite hand to do
+[2129.760 --> 2136.400]  something, using the non-dominant limb to do an exercise first and then going to the dominant limb.
+[2136.400 --> 2143.840]  Brain training is beneficial for everyone. Now, for those that are working with those that are either
+[2143.840 --> 2150.720]  post injury because of a limb dominance or a movement asymmetry or are working with movement
+[2150.720 --> 2158.800]  disorders or post stroke or neuropathies or foot drops or anything like that is that an important
+[2158.800 --> 2166.720]  part of what you want to think about in trying to create movement symmetry even though movement
+[2166.720 --> 2173.760]  symmetry doesn't really exist. But how do we help our clients move to a more symmetrical movement?
+[2173.840 --> 2184.240]  Pattern is they have to have the perception of their movement in the first place. So this would be
+[2185.120 --> 2192.000]  saying if someone is moving asymmetrically and has no idea that they're moving asymmetrically,
+[2192.000 --> 2200.640]  it is very hard to help them find movement balance when they're disconnected from the perception
+[2200.640 --> 2209.840]  of theirself, which is everything I speak about through Navoso. So we need to assess our clients,
+[2209.840 --> 2217.920]  our athletes, our patients and just say what is their movement perception in the first place,
+[2217.920 --> 2223.760]  not even the complexity of their walking perception, but just standing here, what is their
+[2223.760 --> 2231.920]  postural perception? What is their basic control, maybe a squat perception or a lateral arm raised
+[2231.920 --> 2239.120]  perception? Do they have the ability to feel symmetrical arm movement in a lateral raise or are they
+[2239.120 --> 2245.840]  kind of like this and think they're balanced or equal? Right? So starting with that, kinesthetic
+[2245.840 --> 2253.040]  awareness, proprioceptive awareness, mechanoceptive awareness, joint position sense, do they have that?
+[2254.000 --> 2260.080]  Okay? Is there an awareness of their feet and their weight distribution of one limb versus the
+[2260.080 --> 2267.680]  other, the front of the foot, the back of the foot? Right? So you want to start there. Then as they
+[2267.680 --> 2274.960]  start to go into their movement patterns that are asymmetrical, then at what point can they perceive
+[2274.960 --> 2283.280]  that? And typically you need to have a certain level of asymmetry to be able to perceive that.
+[2283.840 --> 2289.520]  And for the listeners, here's some of you might have a really high level of kinesthetic awareness.
+[2290.160 --> 2296.160]  So outside of Nabosso and being barefoot and always being around compression and vibration
+[2296.160 --> 2302.240]  and texture, so I'm very much into proprioceptive awareness. My background is that I was a gymnast.
+[2302.240 --> 2312.240]  And being a gymnast, you are forced to have very high kinesthetic, postural motor awareness
+[2312.240 --> 2322.160]  and perception. So I am even before Nabosso, always thinking of how I am sitting, standing,
+[2322.160 --> 2328.560]  distributing my weight, walking, or my feet turned out, and my hyper, I have a very high level of
+[2329.120 --> 2339.600]  awareness, maybe to a fault. But you want to kind of start there, right? So with that asymmetry
+[2339.680 --> 2345.680]  at what level can your client actually perceive it? So if you're watching your client walk and they
+[2345.680 --> 2354.080]  have a slight foot drop, do they even feel that? Do they see that? Do they know that? Do they know
+[2354.080 --> 2360.000]  when they go from a heel toe and switch to a toe heel because of that foot drop kicking in because
+[2360.000 --> 2366.400]  of fatigue? Depending on the level of proprioceptive or kinesthetic awareness, they might need a certain
+[2366.400 --> 2373.200]  level of asymmetry to actually perceive it. And as soon as that asymmetry becomes greater and
+[2373.200 --> 2380.480]  greater, the transfer stress, the injury, the risk of the inefficiency becomes very high. So what can
+[2380.480 --> 2389.440]  we do to help our clients or patients, athletes, improve their perception of movement? So this is,
+[2389.440 --> 2395.520]  of course, where Nabosso and everything else that I love to speak about would come into play.
+[2397.120 --> 2406.960]  Taking your client's shoes off, getting them into their bare feet, training them on harder surfaces,
+[2407.680 --> 2416.160]  using the Nabosso mats, the Nabosso insoles, getting them into minimal shoes versus the cushioned shoes,
+[2416.800 --> 2423.520]  using compression apparel, actually love using compression apparel from sleeves to the shirts,
+[2423.520 --> 2429.840]  to the pants, to the calves. So just helping that compression, a little hug to the body helps you
+[2429.840 --> 2437.520]  feel where your body is in space using weights. So a wrist weight, a weighted vest, ankle weights,
+[2437.520 --> 2444.320]  or holding something like the sensory sticks in your hands. You feel that proprioceptive resistance
+[2444.320 --> 2453.440]  on your joint capsules can help improve your perception of limb movement. Okay? So just a minute
+[2453.440 --> 2459.520]  take a step back for a second about that. So if I have a wrist weight on or I'm holding the sensory
+[2459.520 --> 2468.640]  sticks in both hands and walking, I might now actually feel that I'm not moving my left arm,
+[2469.280 --> 2475.280]  right? So many of my patients, when they walk, I'm like, do you know you don't move your left arm
+[2475.280 --> 2480.480]  or your right arm, right? Do you know that you actually don't rotate your upper body at all and
+[2480.480 --> 2486.800]  you're walking kind of like a soldier who's super stiff. No, I have no idea. I didn't know I didn't
+[2486.800 --> 2496.000]  swing my left arm. Okay? That's an example of a gate asymmetry that is not high enough or they don't
+[2496.000 --> 2501.520]  have high enough movement perception. It's one of the other, right? The perception or level of
+[2501.520 --> 2508.960]  perception is not matching that level of asymmetry. So to help them feel that their left arm is swinging
+[2508.960 --> 2516.000]  or not swinging, holding the weight in their arm and having them, you know, feel the resistance
+[2516.000 --> 2523.280]  and the texture in their hand will then say, oh, okay, I actually feel now that difference in how
+[2523.920 --> 2531.120]  the lack of left arm swing is actually stopping my rib cage from moving. And it feels like each step
+[2531.120 --> 2538.480]  I take is not the same length as the other one, right? So that's an example of how you could use the
+[2538.480 --> 2545.360]  weights for that. Okay? Kinesiology tape is great because it allows you to also tape and kind of
+[2546.640 --> 2551.920]  activate this proprioceptive system in a subconscious way that helps them connect to their body
+[2551.920 --> 2561.040]  and to connect to their movement. Everything that you want to try to do through gate, symmetry or
+[2561.040 --> 2570.000]  asymmetry really should be in the sensory subconscious way. I actually saw two patients
+[2571.680 --> 2577.680]  yet one yesterday and one today were both of them said that part of their
+[2579.280 --> 2585.440]  goal or their strategy to fix why they were getting an ankle pain is that they were trying to
+[2585.440 --> 2592.640]  consciously change the way that they were walking. And the thing with walking is that it is a
+[2592.640 --> 2601.360]  subconscious movement pattern that is rhythmic and momentous based. So you cannot consciously
+[2601.360 --> 2608.640]  change the way that you walk. You can consciously focus on a fragment of time during the gate cycle
+[2608.640 --> 2616.640]  but you can only focus on one fragment in time at a time if that makes sense. Okay? Which means that
+[2616.640 --> 2624.320]  if you are going to try to consciously change your gate and my client or my patient today actually said
+[2625.760 --> 2632.240]  I was slowing my gate down to try to make it more symmetrical. And I almost said to him, did you know
+[2632.240 --> 2638.960]  I'm doing a webinar later today on the symmetry because it was so perfect for what I'm speaking
+[2638.960 --> 2646.560]  about right now that he actually said I'm trying to make my gate more symmetrical because I can see
+[2646.560 --> 2654.160]  in the mirror that my left foot is pronating more than my right foot. My left ankle bothers me,
+[2654.160 --> 2662.480]  my left knee bothers me because I have this asymmetrical flat foot or pronation that he can see and
+[2662.480 --> 2668.080]  feel and identify with. And then he feels that that is then creating an asymmetrical gate which it
+[2668.080 --> 2674.720]  is right. But then of course I told him that you can't consciously do that right. So this is where
+[2674.720 --> 2682.960]  what can we provide to give subconscious reminders or control or stabilization? How do you trigger
+[2682.960 --> 2688.560]  the stabilization of the foot faster during the gate cycle so that they're aware and you get these
+[2688.560 --> 2695.360]  movement patterns that you don't consciously think about because it's not possible to do so. Okay?
+[2696.160 --> 2703.280]  And that's one of the most important things that I encourage you to think about is when you're
+[2703.280 --> 2709.520]  trying to find more symmetry again because we're not perfectly symmetrical having the perception
+[2709.520 --> 2715.760]  of that asymmetry is important. The perception that the T-spine is not rotating the same on one
+[2715.760 --> 2720.640]  side versus the other. The perception that one shoulder is dropped more than the other.
+[2721.680 --> 2727.440]  Perception and awareness to me by the patient or the client or the athlete is the most important
+[2727.440 --> 2733.680]  step one. And then that's where you come in and you use your skills to try to create balance
+[2733.760 --> 2744.000]  in that client or athlete. Now as we go into any questions that you may have, I do want to share a
+[2744.000 --> 2749.520]  brief video. This is 15 seconds. It did not worry. It does not end in long as 15 seconds about the
+[2749.520 --> 2755.360]  noboso socks that we just launched for anyone who's tuning in and you order them. Guess what? They
+[2755.360 --> 2761.520]  just arrived and they're all shipping out tomorrow. If you are in another country, those will start
+[2761.520 --> 2766.880]  shipping. Those are shipping now to Europe, Australia and Asia. So those will start shipping out
+[2766.880 --> 2772.080]  the end of the month or first thing in January. But you can see the texture. Oops, where's the camera
+[2772.080 --> 2776.400]  in these socks. I'm going to show you this real quick. And then after this, I'm going to take any
+[2776.400 --> 2790.640]  question that you may have. We got texture, we got compression to feed both aspects of the nervous
+[2790.640 --> 2799.520]  system and they're intended to be worn. End of the day. After a long workout, when you're lifting,
+[2800.320 --> 2805.920]  when you're doing your rehab exercises, put them in the shoe, bring that stimulation to help build
+[2805.920 --> 2812.240]  that foot awareness as just another way, another product that noboso tries to help you improve
+[2812.240 --> 2817.680]  perception in your clients, athletes and patients. So that what you do to try to create balanced
+[2817.680 --> 2825.760]  movement as balanced as we can achieve possible. Okay, I will happily take any questions that you
+[2825.760 --> 2833.200]  may have. And then for everyone who did sign up, you will be getting the recording, a PDF of this
+[2833.200 --> 2839.200]  PowerPoint. So you can reference back on that. And then several research articles that were used
+[2839.200 --> 2845.360]  in the development of this presentation. So you will get that Dropbox folder. Okay, so I'm going
+[2845.360 --> 2855.360]  into some questions that you may have. Let's see. So Bill says a lot of people have one hip more
+[2855.360 --> 2862.160]  dominant than the other. How would you correct this? So yes, so just a kind of recap on that. And
+[2862.160 --> 2870.080]  that's a great question is hip dominance, glute dominance, quad dominance, foot dominance, whatever
+[2870.240 --> 2880.160]  it is, if you're trying to find more balance away from this laterality, it is to train the opposite
+[2880.800 --> 2888.880]  limb to force recruitment of the opposite limb. So Bill said, should I be doing single leg exercises?
+[2888.880 --> 2893.920]  Absolutely, right? Because if you have no choice but to recruit the glute on, let's say, your left
+[2893.920 --> 2899.600]  side, through a single leg exercise, it has no choice but to work. So then that is one of the
+[2899.600 --> 2905.360]  best ways to try to create balance in that environment. So great, great, great question.
+[2908.000 --> 2914.400]  Diana says, is there any research about decreasing a symmetry by using mental imagery to activate
+[2914.400 --> 2923.280]  the limb that is less dominant? That is a great question. So I actually do not know the answer to
+[2923.360 --> 2933.120]  that. However, there is research that shows that visualization and mental imagery does create
+[2933.120 --> 2942.560]  muscle recruitment and activation. So that is quite viable that you could do that. If you can do it in
+[2942.560 --> 2950.800]  a setting where you just visualize activating or putting resistance on a limb and you get muscle
+[2950.800 --> 2957.360]  motor neuron activation, I would assume that you would start to train the less dominant side.
+[2958.000 --> 2965.040]  Great question. Emily Park says, how's the texture of the sock compared to the insoles?
+[2965.760 --> 2969.440]  Unfortunately, you can't compare them because they're completely different materials.
+[2970.800 --> 2977.200]  So it is our pyramid pattern. All of the nebosal products have the pyramid patterns. You can see
+[2977.200 --> 2984.800]  obviously the pattern on the sensory stick, two point discrimination, pyramidal pattern, in the socks,
+[2984.800 --> 2990.720]  you have two point discrimination in a pyramidal pattern. All of the pyramids are the same height,
+[2990.720 --> 2996.880]  but there's slightly different materials and derometers, which is why I can't exactly compare
+[2997.840 --> 3004.400]  apples to apples with that one. Sorry, Emily. Another question is, I have a client who has
+[3005.200 --> 3013.520]  neuro pathology, FSH induced foot drop, and she has a job where she is on her feet all day. I've
+[3013.520 --> 3018.560]  encouraged her to use the nebosal insoles, but I'm wondering if the socks can be used all day as well.
+[3018.560 --> 3026.560]  Instead, yes, absolutely. However, what I would say is to have her use them at home first to get
+[3026.560 --> 3031.280]  used to them, to understand that she's comfortable with them, how they feel, and then of course,
+[3031.280 --> 3044.320]  you can increase your time in them. Perfect. Great question. Let me see here. Andrew says,
+[3044.320 --> 3049.520]  fascinated by symmetry is doing a lot of research. You love your Goldilocks approach, especially
+[3049.520 --> 3054.560]  with asymmetrical sport athletes. There are also many symmetries to explore besides bilateral
+[3054.560 --> 3060.000]  symmetry discussed here. Every action has an opposite reaction, so there's a symmetry between
+[3060.000 --> 3067.440]  breathing in and breathing out, absolutely 100 percent between sleeping and walking, flexing,
+[3067.440 --> 3076.000]  and extending, plant deflection, dorsiflection. This view of symmetry can apply to almost any movement,
+[3076.000 --> 3080.720]  so it's interesting to apply the Goldilocks approach to these other versions of symmetry. We'd love
+[3080.800 --> 3090.720]  to hear your thoughts or inspire for the research. Absolutely. The Goldilocks, yes,
+[3091.760 --> 3098.640]  not having too little or too much. There's this sweet spot. Then, Andrew, just real quick, the first
+[3098.640 --> 3106.080]  thing that comes to mind as far as symmetries in breathing in, breathing out, quads versus hamstring,
+[3106.080 --> 3113.280]  plan of flexion versus dorsiflection. I always try to find rhythms in movement, meaning
+[3114.640 --> 3122.080]  you're dancing back and forth between the movement. When you inhale and exhale, it is this
+[3122.080 --> 3130.000]  rhythmic dance back and forth to find that soy musoidal pattern as well. Now, one part that I did not
+[3130.000 --> 3136.000]  go into because it just was not the focus of this webinar is that there is a lot of research around
+[3136.000 --> 3141.360]  quad versus hamstring symmetry or asymmetry. That's another way you could use this word, or exactly,
+[3141.360 --> 3147.600]  as Andrew said, dorsiflection of the ankle versus plan reflection of the ankle and asymmetries in that.
+[3148.400 --> 3155.680]  I think that that would be another topic that I could do, but just so you know that use of the word
+[3155.680 --> 3161.840]  symmetry or asymmetry was not what I did in this one, but perfect idea for another one.
+[3162.080 --> 3170.880]  What if you train barefoot, how will the socks come into play? So, build a way that I would use the socks
+[3170.880 --> 3176.480]  is going to be in a form of recovery. So, if you train barefoot, you wear minimal shoes.
+[3177.200 --> 3185.680]  I like to think of the socks as just that mini massage. Actually, these stimulate circulation.
+[3186.640 --> 3192.560]  So, one of the big perks of foot health and foot longevity is that you want to increase circulation to the
+[3192.560 --> 3199.680]  feet, micro circulation to the feet because that supplies the nerves, the vessels, the skin, the fascia,
+[3200.400 --> 3204.720]  it's how we recover. So, that's where you're going to use this as well. So, even though you're barefoot,
+[3204.720 --> 3211.440]  you get that added benefit of increased skin perfusion and vascular perfusion with the recovery socks.
+[3212.320 --> 3221.280]  Okay. Lisa asks, can you speak about the lack of initiative in movement with Parkinson's and how
+[3221.280 --> 3229.760]  music creates an increased cadence and symmetry in gate? So, Lisa, that is a great question. I am not
+[3230.720 --> 3244.480]  a Parkinson's specialist. However, you do see that music and dancing and things like that take away
+[3245.600 --> 3254.640]  the hesitation in initiating movement that is typical within Parkinson's. We also saw it through
+[3255.600 --> 3262.880]  using the nobosso insoles in the plantar sensory stimulation that that oftentimes in individuals also
+[3262.880 --> 3270.000]  minimized that hesitation in initiation in movement. For Lisa and then for everyone who's listening,
+[3270.000 --> 3276.560]  is if you are not familiar with Carl Sterling, he has an education course that's called the Parkinson's
+[3276.560 --> 3282.720]  regeneration training. I believe that that's his website, but if you just Google Parkinson's
+[3283.680 --> 3290.960]  Carl Sterling, he would have great, great, great information. We actually work with him at nobosso and
+[3290.960 --> 3296.640]  he uses our products and then he travels all around the world speaking about Parkinson's fitness
+[3296.640 --> 3304.320]  and Parkinson's rehab. So, he would be your go-to source. What I am sharing from nobosso is on
+[3304.320 --> 3309.440]  behalf of seeing the response of our customers with Parkinson's and then we're actually doing a
+[3309.440 --> 3315.520]  research study with Hartford Healthcare in Connecticut and they're doing a Parkinson's research study
+[3315.520 --> 3325.520]  with the nobosso insoles. Okay. Can using nobosso products help to train clients to reduce asymmetrical
+[3325.520 --> 3334.160]  patterns which result from structural sources such as scoliosis. The focus of the nobosso products
+[3334.160 --> 3340.400]  would be to bring the perception of that asymmetry to the forefront. That would be my answer to that.
+[3340.400 --> 3348.240]  Is it correct in the asymmetry of the scoliosis? No. It's bringing that perception of the asymmetry.
+[3348.240 --> 3353.440]  Perception is the first step and then from the perception and the awareness they can do certain
+[3353.440 --> 3363.600]  things to try to minimize the asymmetry and the transfer stress. Okay. Perfect. I hope that that answers
+[3363.600 --> 3376.560]  your question. Jay Jones. Great. So, we have just one, let's see one more question. Emily says,
+[3378.160 --> 3382.960]  sorry that she's repeating but she goes, I'm just asking are the socks appropriate for neurological
+[3382.960 --> 3390.640]  conditions? A big old yes, Emily. Yes, yes, yes to that. Perfect. Great. I'm just going to check one
+[3390.640 --> 3395.440]  more spot. Okay. Excellent. Great. So, no more questions but don't worry if you thought of a
+[3395.440 --> 3403.360]  question. Just email us at nobosso. My personal email is dremilyatnobosso.com. For everyone who
+[3403.360 --> 3408.160]  has tuned in, you will be getting the PowerPoint, the recording and some research articles. I hope
+[3408.160 --> 3413.200]  that you enjoyed. Thank you so much for supporting our webinars, so much for supporting nobosso
+[3413.200 --> 3417.920]  and everything that we put out. Please know that we do work with a lot of resellers. So, if you're
+[3417.920 --> 3422.800]  interested in recommending this to your patients, athletes, your network of clients, you can either
+[3422.800 --> 3428.720]  resell or become an affiliate for nobosso. Or if you just send a friendly, hey, go to nobosso.com,
+[3428.720 --> 3434.640]  we always appreciate that. Thank you so much. I appreciate your time and I will see you on
+[3434.640 --> 3437.440]  next month's webinar. Take care.

transcript/webinar_KswQ2v-iR0c.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+[0.000 --> 13.100]  This is a learning journey and I want to take you on this journey.
+[13.100 --> 17.440]  And you're going to be able to explore the world and see the world in a different way.
+[30.000 --> 42.740]  Hello and welcome everyone. My name is Nadia Eight. I am CEO and co-founder of the Body Language Academy by Joan of
+[42.740 --> 51.780]  Arrow. We are pleased to see people joining in from all over the world. We are 700 plus people. I want to
+[51.780 --> 59.500]  welcome you to this exciting webinar around body language and nonverbal communication in the workplace.
+[60.300 --> 67.640]  For many of you, this is your first webinar with XFBI Special Agent, best selling author, and we're
+[67.640 --> 76.040]  leading body language expert, Joan of Arrow. And you first step on a learning journey. So reading body language is
+[76.040 --> 85.080]  not something you can learn overnight, but when you start to observe, interact, read, and practice, we are confident
+[85.080 --> 93.920]  that you will see all the benefits of becoming a body language expert. And why I and the rest of the team are so
+[93.920 --> 102.200]  passionate about nonverbal communication. For now, I want you to enjoy this session. And then we hope you will
+[102.200 --> 110.120]  continue your learning journey with us. At the end of this webinar, we have an exciting offer for you. So stay tuned for
+[110.120 --> 121.480]  that. Once again, welcome and now over to David Steven, who will be interviewing Joe. David is our senior mentor and
+[121.480 --> 122.760]  program manager.
+[124.360 --> 130.560]  Thanks Nadia. And it's great to be here with everybody. It's great to see so many people from around the world with
+[130.560 --> 137.600]  over 700 people registered for this event. It's it's it's very exciting and clearly people are very
+[137.600 --> 147.120]  enthusiastic about talking about workplace relations, emotions in the workplace conflict, those sort of things. So I'm looking
+[147.120 --> 157.440]  forward to tonight as well. But before I introduce Joe, we're going to do a quick start off with a quick poll. And this poll, I'm going to
+[157.440 --> 165.960]  in this poll, I'm going to ask you what emotions do you regularly experience at work. So let's launch that. And if everyone would
+[165.960 --> 181.840]  like to choose their top three, so pick your three top three emotions that you regularly experience in a workplace setting. Okay, I think we'll stop it there and we'll have a look at what
+[181.840 --> 195.640]  people have have put. All right, I'm going to share the results. And either the poll results show that in fact, it looks like frustration is a big one. Follow by happiness. And then the
+[195.640 --> 211.200]  others, you know, anger, fear, contempt, surprise, and then sadness down the down the back. So that's that's quite interesting. All right. So now let's talk to Joe, Joe, you there.
+[213.640 --> 225.160]  Good morning, or good morning, or good evening. That's right. We're truly we truly have a global audience. We're Nadia in Copenhagen and you are in Australia.
+[225.160 --> 227.840]  So welcome.
+[227.840 --> 242.200]  Well, thanks. Thanks, Joe. And of course, you're coming to us from Florida in the US. And look, it's it's going to be a great session. And we're really trying to make this webinar quite interactive. So people that are watching will get a chance to
+[242.200 --> 252.960]  to watch some videos, maybe some stills and to vote on what they're seeing, which will also add to the discussion that we'll have around some of those non-boreables.
+[252.960 --> 271.680]  And the great thing I love about these videos that we're using are that they are all the ones that we're using in the program, the expert program that you put together. So it's very exciting to be able to share some of those. In fact, you star in one of them. So it's
+[272.680 --> 292.320]  which and by the way, those those were filmed in in Copenhagen, you know, as if I may interrupt as we looked at that survey in the first one that, as you said, popped up was frustration. Just just think for a minute how frustration manifests non verbally.
+[293.320 --> 310.320]  You know, you you go to work every day and when that frustration level goes up, the first thing our bodies do is reveal our sentiments and just think about that as as we talk about the workplace and so forth.
+[310.320 --> 321.320]  And and how that negativity begins to reflect on us and then how it is copied as we deal with others.
+[322.320 --> 345.320]  Yeah, absolutely. Emotions spread like wildfire in a lot of workplaces. Emotion contagion. That's right. The better offer worse it would it would seem. But now, Joe, you've spent many years in the FBI in a few different roles. You must have come across a lot of different emotional situations in in that setting.
+[345.320 --> 364.320]  I thought it'd be great before we sort of jump into some videos to sort of get some insights. If you can maybe relate to to us a situation where you found yourself with the, you know, with emotions rise, you know, going high and how you sort of handle that or what happened in that situation.
+[364.320 --> 367.320]  Yeah.
+[367.320 --> 384.320]  You know, I mean any law enforcement work anybody that's a first responder. Anyone really that's in front line runs into the full gamut of emotions.
+[384.320 --> 398.320]  And from I remember in you, my Arizona, we, we rescued a child that had been kidnapped and I remember the mother running towards me to hug me with such force.
+[398.320 --> 415.320]  You know, she could have been a tackle. I mean, she was just so elated to the complete opposite of of people just demonstrating anger and and so forth.
+[415.320 --> 444.320]  And one of the things I think that I learned early on in in my law enforcement career is that while I don't have control over what other people express, there are things that we can do to calm things down to let things simmer to in the proper term to attenuate the situation.
+[444.320 --> 450.320]  Because it doesn't help to aggravate it.
+[450.320 --> 459.320]  And the best that that we can do is is work towards at least calming things down.
+[459.320 --> 469.320]  And one of the easiest things I learned early on was to that the minute we confront each other face to face.
+[469.320 --> 476.320]  And things just get more and more aggravated and the closer we are, the worse things become.
+[476.320 --> 487.320]  And I learned as a law enforcement officer, certainly as an agent that the best thing to do was to actually back away.
+[487.320 --> 497.320]  Now a lot of people, you know, think that well, you know, that's cowardly and so forth. And I assure you it's not, it's just wisdom.
+[497.320 --> 508.320]  And it serves no purpose to be in each other's face. And a lot of times in the workplace, you'll see colleagues just add each other face to face.
+[508.320 --> 515.320]  And really someone has to take the high road and begin that process of backing up.
+[515.320 --> 522.320]  And even just angling a little bit, you know, as primates, this is very intimidating.
+[522.320 --> 529.320]  And when we angle to each other, our heart rate actually goes down.
+[529.320 --> 544.320]  And then if you can just begin a process of cathartic excels where you visibly and audibly do that, exhale that is long where you go.
+[544.320 --> 554.320]  That sends a subconscious message to the other person to begin to calm down because our brains seek homeostasis.
+[554.320 --> 564.320]  And when we see someone that is going towards that subconsciously, we gravitate towards that, that, that homeostasis.
+[564.320 --> 582.320]  And that's a trick. I learned when I was going through a medic training to be on the on the SWAT team as a team medic in the emergency room at Roosevelt road's naval hospital.
+[582.320 --> 593.320]  And I was the surgeon there and the ER said, soon as they come in, start exhaling. He says it has this magical effect on everybody else.
+[593.320 --> 602.320]  And it somehow it just gets into their head to just start to slow down. And, and it works it obviously in the in the workplace.
+[602.320 --> 608.320]  And it's completely breathing can be, yeah, a very great technique to just calm ourselves down.
+[608.320 --> 616.320]  And yeah, it's one that I'm sure some of our participants out there perhaps tried in difficult situations.
+[616.320 --> 626.320]  They look at that's their ways into our next sort of topic. And I'm going to flash a, a, another poll.
+[626.320 --> 636.320]  But I want people to start thinking about distances. And so how, here it is, I'm going to put this up, launch, fall.
+[636.320 --> 642.320]  Now, when you're meeting someone new for the first time, how much space do you need to feel comfortable?
+[642.320 --> 648.320]  So people would like to jump on and vote there on one of those distances.
+[648.320 --> 654.320]  We've got both centimeters and feet because we have a very international audience here.
+[654.320 --> 660.320]  But yeah, interesting to see what people generally find in terms of distances.
+[660.320 --> 666.320]  All right, I just ended there. And I'll share the results.
+[666.320 --> 676.320]  And there we go. Okay, so joke. Most people it looks like that sort of one meter about three and a half feet is sort of the sweet spots with a few people.
+[676.320 --> 686.320]  A few people either side of that is there's at least five people that are very comfortable up close, which is interesting that you know sort of foot away.
+[686.320 --> 689.320]  That's very close.
+[689.320 --> 694.320]  What would you say to these results? Is this sort of what you'd expect sort of typically do you think?
+[694.320 --> 711.320]  Well, it is when we ask people to vote what's interesting is when we ask people to actually physically distance themselves in a setting in a real setting.
+[711.320 --> 717.320]  What we find is people are actually more comfortable at a slightly greater distance.
+[717.320 --> 724.320]  And while we what we tend to say, well, no, three feet is fine.
+[724.320 --> 728.320]  Actually, most of us are a little comfortable beyond that.
+[728.320 --> 742.320]  And the significance of spatial requirements is very significant in this in the workplace because, you know, just like you and Nadia, we work in a global space.
+[742.320 --> 747.320]  I mean, prior to COVID-19, I was all over the world.
+[747.320 --> 759.320]  And one of the things you find is that depending on culture and depending on personal preferences, we have spatial needs.
+[759.320 --> 771.320]  There's no question about it. You know, when I go to Latin America, you know, Bogota, Mexico, people stand closer and so forth.
+[771.320 --> 775.320]  I'm with Cuba where I'm coming where I come from.
+[775.320 --> 780.320]  People stand very close. You go to other countries and people stand further back.
+[780.320 --> 789.320]  And I personally, you know, maybe it's my bureau career, but I always taught was taught don't let anybody too close to your weapon.
+[789.320 --> 794.320]  So I, you know, I, you know, four feet is fine.
+[794.320 --> 798.320]  Four feet is fine. You don't need to get any closer.
+[798.320 --> 801.320]  But I think it's good.
+[801.320 --> 812.320]  But what happens is that when we violate those spatial needs, two significant things happen.
+[812.320 --> 820.320]  The first one that most people don't think about is that we actually reduce what we call face time. Right.
+[820.320 --> 829.320]  And if you want to increase face time, if you want to make a sale, if you want to impress someone, you want to have maximum face time.
+[829.320 --> 834.320]  The minute you violate somebody's face, you are already cutting into that.
+[834.320 --> 839.320]  The second thing that happens is it causes psychological discomfort.
+[839.320 --> 842.320]  And what do we know about psychological discomfort?
+[842.320 --> 848.320]  And the second thing that happens is that when you're in a big system is aroused.
+[848.320 --> 854.320]  And you, it begins to stress you, you know, think about those times when somebody stood too close.
+[854.320 --> 860.320]  Think about those times when you were in a crowded elevator or you're in an elevator.
+[860.320 --> 865.320]  And why did this person come and stand next to me when there's all that space.
+[865.320 --> 871.320]  And I think that the sentiments, those feelings begin to affect how well we think.
+[871.320 --> 874.320]  We know that stress affects cognition.
+[874.320 --> 878.320]  It affects our ability to remember things.
+[878.320 --> 884.320]  So, you know, spatial violations is nothing to scoff at.
+[884.320 --> 894.320]  Because for me, especially in meetings, one of the things that I want to achieve is maximum face time.
+[894.320 --> 904.320]  The best way to do that is to find that sweet spot that creates that psychological comfort that lets them know, hey, it's okay to be here.
+[904.320 --> 908.320]  And, you know, quite frankly, sometimes we have to assess for that.
+[908.320 --> 913.320]  Now, prior to COVID, you know, we would teach David, you know, this, that, you know, we lean in.
+[913.320 --> 921.320]  We're far back enough to where we lean in, shake hands, and then take a step back and then see how people self adjust.
+[921.320 --> 927.320]  And so, you know, I think I'm going to be interested in to see post COVID.
+[927.320 --> 929.320]  What that's going to look like.
+[929.320 --> 938.320]  Because even with my neighbors, I, when we're outdoors and even when wearing masks, I'm noticing everybody is standing further apart.
+[938.320 --> 942.320]  But maybe they're just concerned because of my age. I'm not sure.
+[942.320 --> 948.320]  But what I think is, I think we're going to see some changes in, in spatial dynamics.
+[948.320 --> 960.320]  But there's one thing that on first impression, when you walk away, the first time you meet someone and you say, oh, I really enjoyed that person or maybe you didn't.
+[960.320 --> 969.320]  Oftentimes what, what creates that good impression is that the fact that they honored your spatial needs.
+[969.320 --> 979.320]  But that's really interesting. And that also goes to the heart of the relationship that you have with the person will also, of course, dictate the distance.
+[979.320 --> 988.320]  When you're closer and more comfortable, they can stand closer to you when they're uncomfortable or you're stranger than further apart.
+[988.320 --> 993.320]  But that comes, yeah. And that comes with time. You know, it comes with time.
+[993.320 --> 1004.320]  You know, keep in mind, yeah, I'm in the process of writing a book. And one of the things that I write about is that people think that establishing rapport is just something you do the first time.
+[1004.320 --> 1020.320]  Stablishing rapport is something you do every time you meet with someone. And if you fail to do that, then that creates this, you know, in general terms, this negativity that you walk away.
+[1020.320 --> 1025.320]  And you just feel like, oh, you know, this, this, this guy just crowds me.
+[1025.320 --> 1038.320]  And I, maybe for the next time we do this for the survey, if you ask women, and I have in my seminars, how many of you feel that men stand too close to you.
+[1038.320 --> 1051.320]  I would venture to say that upwards of 70% would would raise their hand, which is a wake up call to to to to men that we have to be sensitive to spatial needs.
+[1051.320 --> 1067.320]  Yeah, that's great. Well, let's head into our first video. Now, this one is one of the ones that we use on the on the program is one of more than 125 different videos that go throughout the different learning paths.
+[1067.320 --> 1081.320]  And this one's particularly I do enjoy this one. Let me just let me just pull it up. That's because you were filming it. That's right. I wasn't behind the camera, not in front of it.
+[1081.320 --> 1088.320]  So what I'll do, I'll play the clip and then we'll have a chat.
+[1088.320 --> 1111.320]  Anastasia. Hi, how are you? I'm glad you made it. Yeah, it's how was the flight? Okay. Yeah, because you know, we were worried about you whether or not you would be able to to make it. And so I'm glad you're here. Yeah, everything good. Yeah. All right. Great. Great.
+[1112.320 --> 1120.320]  Quick, I've got a quick survey. Let me just very quickly let people talk about this one.
+[1126.320 --> 1138.320]  Now, let's go straight into it. So, Joe, what what do you see here? This is you and Anastasia sort of meeting the scenario here is, you know, maybe at an airport picking her up meeting her for the first time.
+[1138.320 --> 1166.320]  Yeah. Well, you know, this is this is typically what happens is you're excited to see somebody that, you know, you haven't seen for a while and I, you know, I think that morning, this was our second morning, we're filming and, you know, I'm walking right up to her. And in my excitement, you know, what would you begin to notice is that I'm not observing her.
+[1166.320 --> 1175.320]  You know, my enthusiasm to to greet her, you know, I'm smiling and so forth and she's trying to sort of humor me.
+[1175.320 --> 1189.320]  But and that's often what happens is or sometimes we have an agenda and we're blinded to what is clearly happening. She's backing away.
+[1189.320 --> 1200.320]  You know, in this scene, you know, obviously, I'm not four feet away from her. I'm not even three feet away from her. She has backed away.
+[1200.320 --> 1220.320]  She, her right hand is covering her super sternal notch, which is a sign of a discons her or apprehension or fear or discomfort her nose is wrinkling upward and she's actually becoming very tense.
+[1221.320 --> 1240.320]  And this can happen for any number of reasons, not the least of which, like, like I said, is you're, you're overjoyed to see someone, but you're not mindful of their, their spatial needs.
+[1240.320 --> 1252.320]  And this is something that, like the handshake and and these other small behaviors that we sometimes ignore.
+[1252.320 --> 1264.320]  We need to be mindful of because I can tell you that right now, and if you ask Anastasia, she would tell you, she's not comfortable. She's not even listening to what I'm saying.
+[1264.320 --> 1281.320]  She's too busy backing up and being apprehensive. And that's really the message here is that we have to be mindful of ourselves, even though there's a lot of joy and a lack of the on my part.
+[1281.320 --> 1308.320]  But we can overwhelm people and and make them very, very uncomfortable. And in fact, one of the things that I have found over the years that sometimes when we have difficulty remembering people's names, it's because when they first approached us and shook our hands, they were so violating our space.
+[1308.320 --> 1320.320]  That, you know, what's the first thing to go is our ability to remember, you know, we have this emotional hijacking, this limbic hijacking.
+[1320.320 --> 1335.320]  And so we don't really remember what was said, but we remember the experience. So, yeah, I felt bad we had to do that to Anastasia. By the way, she wasn't expecting that.
+[1335.320 --> 1339.320]  This was just to get her authentic reactions to it.
+[1339.320 --> 1355.320]  Yeah, and we certainly did. I noticed you also, you know, reached out and touched her a couple of times, which clearly added to her discomfort. You can almost see the lip press happening there and the bit of a clenching her jaw as she sort of was demonstrating how uncomfortable.
+[1355.320 --> 1378.320]  Yeah, exactly. You know, that's something else we have to be mindful of now. By social convention, for instance, in the United States, we can, you know, give a, like a friendly touch anywhere from the shoulder to to the elbow, interestingly enough, no further upward, not behind.
+[1378.320 --> 1402.320]  And no further downward than the elbow, but there are other cultures where touching is just strictly forbidden. This is, you know, this would be very common in Latin America, where, you know, the haptics, the, you know, touching takes much more place.
+[1402.320 --> 1412.320]  And you also have to be very mindful of that also. And, you know, frankly, I mean, some people just do not like to be touched.
+[1412.320 --> 1427.320]  Yeah, and understandably so. And even less, less than that in this day and age with COVID, it's, I guess it's less of an issue, depending on the interview that, all right, let's stop sharing that one back to us.
+[1427.320 --> 1438.320]  Okay, so let's move on to the next one that we've got now. And this one's another video, and I've taken a couple of small parts from a larger interview.
+[1438.320 --> 1450.320]  And to give a bit of context, this is an interview on the tonight live show. And it's the host is interviewing Gordon Ramsay, who is a famous celebrity chef based out of the UK.
+[1450.320 --> 1467.320]  And the other guest is Sophia Bagara, who is the, you know, a TV personality on, on different programs, such as what you've been on the modern family.
+[1467.320 --> 1476.320]  What a family. Yes, our modern family. Yeah, absolutely. That's the one I was thinking of. So, and this is them having a conversation together.
+[1476.320 --> 1486.320]  And it starts with a, it starts actually starts with a stool shot. And it's, it's Sophia describing it's her with a head down on the table next to a bread roll.
+[1486.320 --> 1496.320]  And she's describing how sad she's going to be because she's been overseas on a holiday. And it's the last time she's going to eat these delicious bread rolls for a period of time.
+[1496.320 --> 1501.320]  I felt bad because I knew I was not going to be able to eat that bread until the next year.
+[1501.320 --> 1508.320]  So, how much, how much weight did you gain? Did you get it? What question is that? How much? I'm not going to say.
+[1508.320 --> 1513.320]  I'm not like two pounds. No, like ten pounds? Whatever.
+[1513.320 --> 1518.320]  Where what? You know, remember you were under oath.
+[1518.320 --> 1521.320]  Yes, come on. You know, on American talk shows, you messed up.
+[1521.320 --> 1524.320]  I thought you messed up. I was on a pound. It's okay. I was on vacation.
+[1524.320 --> 1527.320]  Yeah, okay. I, now who you love to do that? You, because.
+[1527.320 --> 1533.320]  Come on. Of all the things chefs have prepared on the show, this is the tastiest item I have ever had.
+[1533.320 --> 1536.320]  It's, you can take it back to Columbia.
+[1536.320 --> 1538.320]  What in the English does seen anyways?
+[1538.320 --> 1544.320]  Even if it's chocolate. Chocolate moon. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, fish and chips. That's all you eat.
+[1544.320 --> 1549.320]  Yeah, that's exactly, exactly.
+[1550.320 --> 1554.320]  All right, so we'll take it back to the beginning. I'll play the first clip again.
+[1554.320 --> 1559.320]  And then I've got a quick survey for those watching to see what they can pick up.
+[1559.320 --> 1561.320]  And then we'll, then we'll discuss it.
+[1561.320 --> 1566.320]  I felt bad because I knew I was not going to be able to eat that bread until the next year.
+[1566.320 --> 1568.320]  Really? So how much, how much weight did you gain? Did you get it?
+[1568.320 --> 1573.320]  Did you get it? What question is that? How much? I'm not going to say.
+[1573.320 --> 1578.320]  I'm not like two pounds. No. Like ten pounds? Whatever.
+[1578.320 --> 1583.320]  Where were you? You know, remember you were under.
+[1583.320 --> 1587.320]  Yes. Come on. Oh, yeah, you know, you know, the Un-American talk shows you must have.
+[1587.320 --> 1592.320]  I was on vacation. Yeah, okay. Now who you love to do that? You'll be.
+[1592.320 --> 1595.320]  All right. So pause it there.
+[1595.320 --> 1599.320]  Let me put up the quick survey.
+[1599.320 --> 1604.320]  Which of the following behaviors did you spot? So fear the splang during the video.
+[1604.320 --> 1610.320]  So I'm going to go ahead and see these people, those that you that you think you saw.
+[1610.320 --> 1614.320]  All right, share results. Okay.
+[1614.320 --> 1618.320]  So Joe, this is what this is what people saw.
+[1618.320 --> 1622.320]  The big ones there were touching here, shifting in the seat.
+[1622.320 --> 1626.320]  And then there's a bit of eye blocking.
+[1626.320 --> 1628.320]  Leg swinging.
+[1628.320 --> 1631.320]  And on the leg.
+[1631.320 --> 1633.320]  And on the leg.
+[1633.320 --> 1637.320]  I don't know what he's saying.
+[1637.320 --> 1639.320]  That's what he's saying.
+[1639.320 --> 1640.320]  That's.
+[1640.320 --> 1647.320]  That's. That's pretty good. Actually, I, you know, I was, I was watching both of them. And yeah, you see Sophia.
+[1647.320 --> 1650.320]  Every time she talks about her weight that she pacifies by touching her hair.
+[1650.320 --> 1652.320]  Or her weight.
+[1652.320 --> 1655.320]  So we. Yeah. Just, just like that.
+[1655.320 --> 1658.320]  We, we get to know people.
+[1658.320 --> 1663.320]  Good.
+[1663.320 --> 1664.320]  I feel like怕 of paying attention to cricket.
+[1664.320 --> 1669.320]  I feel like some of the golden ball Ride collecting hashtag there are tons of paint only toilet paper.
+[1669.320 --> 1671.320]  The financial charts down in the basement.
+[1671.320 --> 1673.320]  that indeed loves their leg always好吧 a lot.
+[1673.320 --> 1675.320]  And so finding out they'rewent really a lot of action.
+[1675.320 --> 1676.320]  Because that refusals.
+[1676.320 --> 1679.320]  If you take a look at some of the actual traditional techniques,
+[1679.320 --> 1681.320]  they're just trying to boost their appetite while they're in theing her.
+[1681.320 --> 1683.320]  She's trying to genetic lower and secures cosmetics so diseases could paralyze.
+[1683.320 --> 1691.400]  slouching down on the couch, which is very unusual for somebody who who often feels
+[1692.760 --> 1700.200]  in charge. You did notice Sophia kicking her leg a little bit. It's like, okay, let's move this
+[1701.800 --> 1712.200]  this move this along. Yeah, there you saw him where he's slouching down. I'm not sure if he's
+[1712.200 --> 1722.600]  loosening his belt or something, reminding of my grandfather after dinner. But I just thought
+[1722.600 --> 1733.560]  that was really a different. But what you're seeing is the emotions are tracking their physicality
+[1733.560 --> 1741.320]  is tracking their emotions. And that's the beauty of non-verbals. It is being displayed in real time.
+[1742.600 --> 1752.360]  And it tells us a lot, including in the end, you see Sophia Vergara leaning way over,
+[1752.360 --> 1760.600]  away from Gordon Ramsay. And I have said in so many meetings, we're at the end of the meeting,
+[1760.600 --> 1767.000]  people were, if they'd leaned any further away from each other, they would fall off the chair.
+[1767.720 --> 1775.480]  Maybe you can scroll to near the end where you really see. In fact, let me play the whole of
+[1775.480 --> 1780.360]  the second clip, Joe, which includes that swang. And then as in the second part of the video.
+[1780.360 --> 1790.120]  Even stop right there. Look at how she's turned. This is what we call ventral denial.
+[1790.680 --> 1798.920]  One of the things that we learned from studying the limbic system in the course is that even the
+[1798.920 --> 1812.200]  small little events cause limbic denial or ventral denial, which is the brain uses heuristics. It
+[1812.200 --> 1818.920]  uses short cuts. So it says in any situation when you're confronted by something that you're not
+[1818.920 --> 1826.200]  comfortable with, turn your belly away, whether it's a charging dog or it's a menacing chef.
+[1827.880 --> 1834.120]  And there we see an example of that. Yeah, let me play these because yeah, you're absolutely right.
+[1834.120 --> 1837.560]  And we see it gradually turn more and more away. Come on.
+[1837.560 --> 1842.360]  Of all the things chefs have prepared on the show, this is the tastiest item I have ever eaten.
+[1842.360 --> 1845.160]  I think the Colombian. You can take it back to Colombia.
+[1845.160 --> 1849.640]  In Europe. What is the English to see in any way?
+[1849.640 --> 1850.840]  The English to see in any way.
+[1850.840 --> 1852.040]  Chocolate. Chocolate mousse.
+[1852.040 --> 1853.720]  Yeah, yeah, yeah, fish and chips. That's all you eat.
+[1853.720 --> 1857.160]  What's the exact same thing? Exactly.
+[1858.440 --> 1860.600]  And there you see it. Yeah.
+[1860.600 --> 1864.920]  And there you see it. I mean, she can't move any further away.
+[1865.720 --> 1871.320]  Yeah. And interestingly, Gordon is also as far as he can go on the edge of his seat to get
+[1871.320 --> 1876.840]  closer to the other to Sofia. And he's got an arm there.
+[1876.840 --> 1881.640]  You can't get any closer. Later on in the thing, he actually does get up and sit right next to her
+[1882.520 --> 1885.480]  and when she gets really annoyed with him. It's, yeah.
+[1886.280 --> 1892.920]  Well, and there's, you know, I mean, let's face it, if you have to get, if to make an argument,
+[1892.920 --> 1898.120]  you have to violate somebody's space. What does that say about you?
+[1898.920 --> 1904.440]  So probably a follow on from there, Joe, is a question about, you know, what are,
+[1904.440 --> 1908.360]  what are good tips for you? You talked a little bit before at the beginning of our conversation
+[1908.360 --> 1912.920]  about how you can make people feel comfortable. And I'm thinking now in a work setting,
+[1913.880 --> 1917.400]  if you've got a difficult conversation that you're having to have with saying,
+[1917.400 --> 1924.120]  employee, what's a great way to be able to make them as comfortable as you can so that you can
+[1924.120 --> 1928.680]  have the conversation that needs to be had. So I maybe have to bring them into your office
+[1928.680 --> 1932.440]  or something. What are some of the things people should think about in that sort of setting?
+[1933.320 --> 1937.160]  Well, that's a great question. And it's a profound question because
+[1939.240 --> 1945.720]  if you take nothing else away, the key to this is remember psychological comfort.
+[1946.200 --> 1954.760]  And what creates that? Well, sometimes it's not having an audience, not having the whole
+[1957.000 --> 1965.800]  organization looking on. It's going somewhere private. We know that, you know, we've already talked
+[1965.800 --> 1973.480]  about space. I can't emphasize that enough. I have seen situations where people were threatening
+[1973.560 --> 1983.240]  us with knives, at least on two or three occasions and with weapons. And it was by
+[1984.760 --> 1993.240]  creating that distance that helped to calm things down. And by the way, let me just say this,
+[1993.240 --> 2001.800]  you know, a lot of times in the workplace where let's say you have someone who is suffering from
+[2001.800 --> 2009.480]  paranoid personality disorder, which usually manifests in the workplace as someone who collects
+[2009.480 --> 2017.800]  a lot of wounds is very argumentative, is very rigid, and is always thinking that, you know,
+[2017.800 --> 2028.280]  people are, you know, out to harm them or not with them. They're very functional, but they
+[2028.360 --> 2038.040]  needs extra spatial needs. And so any kind of spatial violation then creates more anxiety.
+[2038.920 --> 2047.240]  But there's other things that we can do, you know, we can use our voices to calm people down.
+[2048.040 --> 2053.960]  We, you can go from, hey, settle down, you know, that kind of thing, which never works. You never
+[2053.960 --> 2063.560]  tell someone to settle down using that cathartic exhale, lowering your voice, working on yourself
+[2064.440 --> 2073.960]  to keep yourself in check. And by lowering the voice, getting them to sort of go into your
+[2073.960 --> 2083.080]  synchrony and your cadence begins to settle them down. And then we build in a little bit of head
+[2083.080 --> 2091.640]  tilt, which says, I'm attentive to you. I'm listening to you, which, you know, even to babies at
+[2091.640 --> 2099.720]  about four months of age, babies recognize head tilt, you know, this versus the drill instructor
+[2100.520 --> 2109.320]  comes across very differently. And then when you angle it, it's a powerful constellation of behaviors.
+[2110.200 --> 2118.760]  But they can only take place if you yourself recognize that that's part of your responsibility
+[2119.560 --> 2127.880]  to calm things down. I've interviewed people who talked this woman in particular, her home was
+[2127.880 --> 2137.720]  invaded by this guy who wanted to take her, you know, take her money, rob her and other things.
+[2137.720 --> 2147.720]  And with a calm voice, she talked to him both out of the weapon and to, you know, reveal some
+[2147.720 --> 2156.440]  things about himself. And she attributed it all to, I mean, she, remember, she said, one of us
+[2156.440 --> 2163.480]  had to be calm and that had to be me because it was my life. And oftentimes that's what we have to do.
+[2164.360 --> 2169.080]  It's, we can't expect the other person to do it. We have to take that responsibility.
+[2170.440 --> 2173.640]  That's great. And it's also a great reminder. I think Joe, you've been talking about
+[2173.640 --> 2178.360]  this body language. It's not just about watching others and understanding what others are doing,
+[2178.360 --> 2184.120]  but it's also about understanding yourself and what your transmitting can as you sort of have it here,
+[2184.120 --> 2188.280]  you can affect what other people are doing. Yeah. And that's what the course is about.
+[2189.000 --> 2193.960]  You know, a lot of people look at body language and they say, oh, you know, I want to learn about
+[2193.960 --> 2200.600]  deception. Forget about deception. There's so many other things that you need to learn about. You
+[2200.600 --> 2208.200]  need to learn about how you come across about your nonverbals. You know, I mean, think for a minute,
+[2208.200 --> 2215.720]  what is the difference between a captain and a general? Well, if you look at it on screen,
+[2215.720 --> 2221.000]  you know, if you were to look it up on screen, you'd see a little tab like this. That's a captain's
+[2221.000 --> 2228.280]  tab. And in America, we wear it here now. And the general's tab is a little thing like this. That's a
+[2228.280 --> 2239.320]  star. But when you see how they comport themselves, they are worlds apart. The behavior of a general
+[2240.200 --> 2248.360]  is so distant from the behavior of a captain. They don't need the insignia. And that's the point.
+[2249.240 --> 2258.360]  That's the point that we have to recognize Marshall, Wrangle, and utilize those behaviors that say,
+[2259.000 --> 2269.480]  I am the general. I'm not the follower. And to do that, you have to really understand body language.
+[2269.480 --> 2274.360]  I mean, I hear these people all the time talking about micro expressions. Please
+[2274.520 --> 2283.960]  think about it. If that's all you're focusing on, I wish you a lot of luck. You need to focus on all
+[2283.960 --> 2293.160]  behaviors, all behaviors, because all behaviors are significant. What you choose to wear, how you choose
+[2293.160 --> 2303.320]  to enter a room, these things have consequences. And that's what the course is about. That's why it's
+[2303.320 --> 2315.240]  truly a global course, because it takes a look at so many cultures. It has people like yourself and
+[2315.240 --> 2324.680]  Nadia and Senna and Janine and others all over the world who can help you to understand both yourself
+[2324.760 --> 2335.720]  and others. And it's not just about detecting deception. This is a full instrumentation look at how
+[2335.720 --> 2345.240]  non-verbels can help me to understand the world and for the world to better appreciate myself.
+[2345.880 --> 2350.920]  That's what the course is about. That's a great one. Well, on that note, let's jump in and have a look
+[2350.920 --> 2361.320]  at another, this time we've got a still shot that I'd like to put up. So here we have Anastasia.
+[2363.880 --> 2368.840]  I've got a poll here which I'm going to run. I'd like people to consider whether she looks
+[2369.560 --> 2375.400]  comfortable or uncomfortable. So we'll hear that discomfort, dis-comfort paradigm. So
+[2375.800 --> 2384.360]  two choices, comfortable. Well, as yeah, comfortable or uncomfortable, as you're looking at that and
+[2384.360 --> 2394.440]  you're voting, always remember that when we look at non-verbels at a minimum, this is what we're
+[2394.440 --> 2403.720]  always considering. Comfort or discomfort, don't over-complicated. We are either transmitting that
+[2403.720 --> 2410.600]  we're comfortable or uncomfortable. We as a species are very binary when it comes to that. So
+[2410.600 --> 2415.320]  it'll be interesting to see what they think here. All right, let's have a look at the results.
+[2417.000 --> 2425.160]  Here results. There they are. Oh yes, overwhelmingly people thought that she looked uncomfortable. Now,
+[2425.160 --> 2434.760]  why let's look at the photo there, Joe. What do we look at here that tells us that and
+[2434.760 --> 2439.640]  instinctively most people are picking up that she is uncomfortable? What would you say about the photo?
+[2440.600 --> 2449.560]  Well, this is one where we have to be really very careful because true, she is in what we call the
+[2449.560 --> 2456.680]  ready position, right? The starters position. She has one foot forward, one foot behind. She has both
+[2456.680 --> 2465.320]  hands on the knees and normally. This would be like, I'm ready to go. I wonder if you could close in on
+[2465.320 --> 2477.400]  her face a little bit, David. But now look at her face, right? We don't see a furrowed globella. We
+[2477.400 --> 2486.520]  don't see the squinting of the eyes. We don't see tension in the face and so forth. So one of the things
+[2486.520 --> 2496.680]  that we have to do is take into consideration everything. If we looked at her from the waist down,
+[2496.680 --> 2506.120]  we would say, well, she's she's ready to go. If we look at her from just the neck up, the face looks
+[2506.120 --> 2516.680]  attentive. Maybe not fully, she's not smiling or anything, but it's not that full psychological
+[2516.680 --> 2525.640]  discomfort that we would sense. So what does that tell us that there is a medium point that there
+[2525.640 --> 2536.920]  is latitude in that realm of, hey, I'm comfortable here talking to you, but I've got to go. And we
+[2536.920 --> 2542.600]  often run into this. You're talking to somebody that you really like, but they have to leave. And this
+[2542.600 --> 2550.360]  happens to me all the time. I run into people at the airport and I got to go. And so when it comes to
+[2550.360 --> 2559.160]  comfort and discomfort, just remember that that slide can move. If we were to ask her, are you
+[2559.160 --> 2568.040]  comfortable? She would probably say, yes, but I probably have to go someplace. And that's all there
+[2568.040 --> 2577.000]  is to it. So we need to consider all of the behaviors. And what helps us is to not focus on one thing,
+[2577.720 --> 2587.400]  but to note the feet in the location where they're at, to notice the hands, to look at the face
+[2587.400 --> 2596.440]  and that forward lean. And in its totality, it tells us, you know, this person isn't relaxed,
+[2596.440 --> 2604.440]  laying back and drawing themselves, but at the same time, they're not distressed. And but we can
+[2604.440 --> 2610.920]  ignore the fact that yeah, she wants to leave. All right, well, let's have a look at at another one.
+[2614.040 --> 2622.840]  Here's one, another one of you, Joe with the lovely lady. And I'll put up another poll here,
+[2622.840 --> 2631.480]  another question. And of course, this time there is two people to consider. So I'd like people to
+[2631.880 --> 2639.240]  do a vote on whether the first of all the man, Joe, looks comfortable or uncomfortable. And then
+[2639.240 --> 2643.560]  there's a click on the next and you'll be able to vote on whether the woman looks comfortable
+[2643.560 --> 2650.360]  or uncomfortable in this setting. Yeah. And if, and if the poll question pops up right in the
+[2650.360 --> 2656.920]  middle of the screen, you can move it to the side. Yeah. Just drag it over. Very hard to make
+[2657.640 --> 2665.560]  this one should be interesting because a lot of people misread this one. And I think they misread
+[2665.560 --> 2672.040]  it because they focus on too few behaviors rather than in all the behaviors.
+[2673.400 --> 2680.840]  All right, I'm going to end the poll there and share the results. A little bit more mix,
+[2680.840 --> 2686.200]  still overall, comfortable for both of them, but a few people have gone with the uncomfortable. So
+[2687.000 --> 2695.000]  yeah, let's talk about this one, Joe. What do you see here? Yeah. And that's usually the the mixture
+[2695.000 --> 2703.400]  is, you know, when I, as you know, because, you know, I took you in Copenhagen and Nadi and the
+[2703.400 --> 2711.720]  others in town. One of the things that you notice is without listening to the words is,
+[2712.520 --> 2718.200]  in essence, if you were looking at this from 100 feet away, you would notice that there's a lot
+[2718.200 --> 2726.840]  of isopraxis mirroring behavior. They're both sitting. They both have their legs sort of intertwined.
+[2727.560 --> 2734.840]  They're angled to each other. They're actually not sitting in front of each other. You notice that
+[2734.840 --> 2743.240]  their cups are simultaneously being held. So there's a lot of there's a lot of
+[2743.240 --> 2753.080]  similitude here. For observers like myself, I look at, for instance, where is her cup in her hand?
+[2753.960 --> 2762.040]  And what you don't realize from this photo is that she's actually right at or just slightly beyond
+[2762.040 --> 2771.160]  the midpoint of the table. One of the things that happens when we are uncomfortable around
+[2771.160 --> 2781.240]  others, we tend to restrain our hands and arms. If she was truly uncomfortable with me, her hand
+[2781.240 --> 2786.360]  would not be that far forward. There's a couple of things she could do. She could bring it completely
+[2786.440 --> 2793.320]  to the edge of the table or she could curl her hand around the cup so that I would be looking at
+[2793.320 --> 2803.400]  the back of her hand. The other thing you notice is, I'm looking at her with my touching my
+[2803.400 --> 2809.800]  chin, which is a pensive posture. We were just talking about something. I believe the photographer
+[2809.800 --> 2817.880]  took this while we were setting up. She was talking and I was thinking about what she was saying.
+[2818.600 --> 2824.600]  I'm interested in what she's saying. I'm in a forward lean. She's in a forward lean. Once again,
+[2827.400 --> 2837.000]  this just happens to be the way that Anastasia is. She's very reserved. But she appears to be
+[2837.000 --> 2843.960]  interested in what we are conversing about. I've heard some people say, well, they crossed their
+[2843.960 --> 2852.440]  legs so they're not very comfortable. No, actually, in a table like that crossing your legs
+[2852.440 --> 2860.200]  is actually very comfortable. We're both mirroring each other. But it's the fact that those
+[2860.200 --> 2867.480]  hands are so close to each other and that there's a lot of other mirroring, these
+[2867.480 --> 2874.120]  aping behaviors where we're both leaning in. We're both looking at each other's faces. That's
+[2874.120 --> 2881.560]  say, this is a business meeting. We're talking about something. Maybe it's something serious. But
+[2882.360 --> 2891.960]  there is a high degree of psychological comfort here. That's great. Joe, I think
+[2891.960 --> 2897.640]  definitely often people can look at the feet and think they're not outstretched. That must mean
+[2898.440 --> 2904.120]  that there's something off. But when you look at everything with them leaning in and as you say
+[2904.200 --> 2911.480]  the mirroring, it certainly gives a different story. All right, let's have one more to share,
+[2911.480 --> 2922.200]  which I think will be a good one. This one is to set the scene here. This is someone who is
+[2922.200 --> 2928.840]  considering someone for, say, an interview and they're reading some of their work. I've got
+[2928.920 --> 2942.440]  a quick poll for people to do here. It's around what are the key emotions that the lady in this
+[2943.560 --> 2953.480]  picture is experiencing. We've listed a number of different ones there. What emotion do you think
+[2953.560 --> 2962.120]  you're seeing on the woman's face and the body? One of the, as you're taking this, one of the things to
+[2962.120 --> 2974.440]  consider is, David, you've asked us to look at her. One of the things that I've learned to do is to
+[2974.440 --> 2981.000]  look back and forth between the woman and the man, between the two objects that we're examining.
+[2981.480 --> 2990.200]  Because oftentimes, nonverbal communication is reflexive. We are reacting to what's in front of us.
+[2990.200 --> 2997.800]  We are reacting to what was said. We're reacting to something that has just taken place.
+[2998.520 --> 3009.960]  So we need to consider the sort of the back and forth and saying, is there something about him
+[3011.240 --> 3022.200]  that we're seeing reflected on her? Once you give us the results, I'm going to ask the audience
+[3022.200 --> 3031.480]  a question to see how they would react. These are the results. It's like, you know,
+[3031.480 --> 3036.120]  contempt, it's confusion, and then some other ones mixed in.
+[3036.920 --> 3044.680]  Well, that's interesting. That's very good. We would expect those who, especially who's studying
+[3044.680 --> 3056.520]  on verbals, to see the corner pinching of the mouth. We know from Paul Eckman's work in 1986
+[3057.720 --> 3065.880]  where he begins to talk to us about that contempt or disdain. We have to be careful with both
+[3065.880 --> 3074.600]  contempt and disdain because contempt is hierarchical. That's significant. If you have a teenager
+[3074.600 --> 3083.080]  look at you with contempt and knowing that that's hierarchical, that's a little something different
+[3083.080 --> 3091.240]  than disdain because I can afford to have a teenager show disdain because he'd rather go play
+[3091.320 --> 3099.960]  with his friends, but contempt, that is something else. But as we're looking at it, so that call is
+[3099.960 --> 3106.760]  correct. She's looking at something. We see the raised eyebrows. We see the furrowing of the area
+[3106.760 --> 3117.560]  above the eyes. Her eyelids have come down and we definitely see the facial distortion which says
+[3117.640 --> 3127.640]  at a minimum, psychological discomfort. Now, what we have to consider is, is she reacting this way
+[3127.640 --> 3134.840]  to the piece of paper in front of her, what's on it, or is it the piece of paper and what's on it,
+[3134.840 --> 3148.920]  and this individual? Is there something disagreeable about this individual? Is it something that he
+[3148.920 --> 3155.160]  may have said, which we're not privy to? Is it the way he is dressed? Is it the way he is groomed?
+[3155.160 --> 3162.440]  Is it the totality of it? One of the things that we teach in the course, which is important is,
+[3162.440 --> 3171.400]  when you look at a photograph, remember that you don't know what's behind the camera. You don't
+[3171.400 --> 3183.160]  know what has transpired prior to this moment in time. And this has to be factored in. Her reaction,
+[3183.160 --> 3190.600]  even though she's looking at the paper, the paper may just be the final nail on the coffin.
+[3191.240 --> 3200.040]  Maybe he hasn't measured up and now this piece of paper confirms it. What we can say is that we
+[3200.040 --> 3205.080]  don't know their history. We don't know what's happened and of course that would be useful.
+[3208.200 --> 3215.480]  Further, that at this point, she is either disappointed in which she is demonstrating some sort of
+[3215.480 --> 3224.920]  disdain or in fact it has risen to the point where it's just annoyed or contemptuous.
+[3224.920 --> 3232.520]  But I think we can say with a certain amount of of a surety that there's a significant
+[3232.520 --> 3238.920]  amount of psychological discomfort there. Yeah, thanks for that, Joe. And there certainly,
+[3238.920 --> 3245.240]  it comes back to that question about always ask why? Always look for what has happened when
+[3245.240 --> 3251.320]  there's a change in behaviour and context is key as you've been saying. What is their normal
+[3251.320 --> 3257.640]  baseline? The things that we, a lot of people might skip over, but it's certainly things that we
+[3257.640 --> 3262.760]  cover on the course in depth because those fundamentals can be so important.
+[3263.880 --> 3269.000]  Exactly. As a student of this, we don't want you to get hurt. We don't want you to go out there
+[3269.000 --> 3275.480]  and say, oh, this behaviour means that. No, this behaviour means any number of things.
+[3276.120 --> 3282.200]  And you have to caution everything based on what we know and context.
+[3283.160 --> 3291.400]  Yeah. Well, that brings us to the end of our hour. But I guess before we sign off for Nadi or
+[3291.480 --> 3299.000]  join us again, what would you say about the course in general? And we've looked in particular at
+[3300.120 --> 3303.800]  sort of emotions in the workplace. And we've got a whole module at the end of the course on
+[3303.800 --> 3310.360]  emotions in the workplace as well as business and interpersonal interactions. So yeah,
+[3311.560 --> 3320.360]  final words. Well, I would say this. We as a team worked on this for over a year. I mean,
+[3320.360 --> 3328.120]  a lot of work went into this. And now more than ever, probably non-verbals are more important
+[3328.120 --> 3337.400]  than even before. And I'll tell you why. I was talking to my colleagues at a very famous
+[3337.400 --> 3342.200]  university. I'm not going to say where. And one of the things that they're finding in business
+[3342.200 --> 3351.320]  school is that people are complaining that using Zoom and using any of these systems
+[3351.960 --> 3357.960]  that they're having difficulty reading each other and understanding each other to the point where
+[3359.000 --> 3366.520]  in one statistics, 80% of executives said that they found it very difficult to do due diligence,
+[3366.520 --> 3377.320]  have difficult conversations or to make really good inquiries, especially about hiring and so forth
+[3377.320 --> 3391.320]  because of the limited space of the screen. The antidote to that clearly is to be able to really
+[3391.320 --> 3398.280]  understand non-verbal behaviors so that in a virtual setting, you can pick up on things
+[3398.280 --> 3404.440]  such as the shoulders, whether they're, you know, this way or that way, the face, all the things
+[3404.440 --> 3413.320]  that we can transmit that maybe in the past, we didn't pay so much attention to because we could
+[3413.320 --> 3421.240]  see the whole body or we were in general conversation. But now we're almost compelled to focus on
+[3421.400 --> 3429.240]  that little face and its significance. So, you know, this is one of these things where we never
+[3429.240 --> 3436.920]  anticipated this and yet now we see that there's a greater demand for it. So this is one of the things
+[3436.920 --> 3445.800]  that the course clearly addresses and I think it's, you know, and I've said this before, it is a
+[3445.800 --> 3452.120]  unique program but I think it is the best program in the world when it comes to non-verbels and
+[3452.120 --> 3460.520]  obviously I thank Nadia, David and Santa for helping us put this together. Yeah, thank you, Joe,
+[3460.520 --> 3465.720]  and thank you to everyone that has joined us tonight. I'm going to hand over to Nadia who's going
+[3465.720 --> 3471.480]  to close for us before we'll have a short video which just talks a little bit more about the course
+[3471.480 --> 3478.760]  and then we'll put up the discount codes that people might like to use. So thank you, Joe and
+[3478.760 --> 3487.480]  Nadia, over to you. Well, I just want to say I hope you enjoyed this session and want to receive
+[3487.480 --> 3494.840]  well-class training in non-verbal communication. If you do, then the Body Language Expert Program is
+[3494.840 --> 3504.440]  definitely for you. It is exclusive content including 125 training videos with Joe. You also get a
+[3504.440 --> 3511.240]  one-to-one with Joe and you have a personal mentor, a certified Body Language Expert throughout
+[3511.240 --> 3519.960]  your learning journey. You get access to a global network and you get at the end when you graduate
+[3519.960 --> 3528.040]  a global certificate signed by Joe from the Body Language Academy. So for you, people who joined
+[3528.040 --> 3538.280]  participants at the webinar, we have a special offer. The retail price of the program is $3,899.
+[3539.080 --> 3547.080]  If you pay the full amount upfront, you get 10%, but for you, we have an additional 20%
+[3547.640 --> 3552.840]  of the full program if you use the promo code on the screen.
+[3555.960 --> 3563.880]  So we hope you enjoyed it and thank you, David, thank you, Joe. Thank you to our excellent mentors
+[3563.880 --> 3569.720]  and the rest of the Body Language team. And thank you all so much for joining us. We hope to welcome
+[3569.800 --> 3577.640]  you at the Body Language Academy by Joan Avaro. The Body Language Academy by Joan Avaro was
+[3577.640 --> 3586.360]  created for someone just like you. My name is Joan Avaro and for 25 years, I was a special agent
+[3586.360 --> 3594.200]  with the FBI. My specialty was catching spies. When I came to America as a refugee, I didn't speak
+[3594.200 --> 3601.480]  English. But the one thing that I could rely on is Body Language. And so for the next five decades,
+[3601.480 --> 3606.760]  I studied nonverbal communications. And that's what I hope to share with you.
+[3609.560 --> 3617.160]  So what is nonverbal communications? Just look around you. Nonverbal communications is the world
+[3617.160 --> 3627.800]  you live in. It's how we dress, how we sit, how we talk to people. It's everything that communicates,
+[3627.800 --> 3637.160]  but it's not a word. It's taken me a long time to put this together.
+[3637.720 --> 3642.600]  That's my thing. It's like a little bell. So we see that. And then I'm going to share with you all
+[3642.600 --> 3654.520]  those unique things that I have never revealed to the public. It is a unique program. There is no other
+[3654.520 --> 3663.720]  program out there like this because it's based on my 25 years with the FBI and my 13,000 plus
+[3663.720 --> 3670.280]  interviews that I conducted. And in the 20 years that I have spent looking with corporate America,
+[3671.000 --> 3675.400]  looking at those behaviors that make for exceptional individuals.
+[3677.720 --> 3683.560]  Exceptional people are really good about reading others. They're really good about understanding
+[3683.560 --> 3690.200]  who they're talking to, about being able to see what their needs, wants, desires, fears, and concerns are.
+[3694.680 --> 3702.840]  This is a learning journey. And I want to take you on this journey.
+[3705.240 --> 3709.720]  And you're going to be able to explore the world and see the world in a different way.
+[3716.040 --> 3721.080]  You're going to have to receive unique training. You're going to be guided. You're going to be
+[3721.080 --> 3729.480]  able to study, phone, iPad, anywhere, anytime. You're going to learn things that you will not be
+[3729.480 --> 3738.760]  able to get anywhere else. And so for this, the body language academy was designed so that you can
+[3738.760 --> 3745.480]  reach that higher level so that you can be exceptional also.

transcript/webinar_LPNRTNCNDcg.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+[0.000 --> 22.080]  A very cheerful morning everyone. Welcome to the webinar on Effective Communication
+[22.080 --> 27.640]  through Body Language. Today we would learn some techniques to present yourself so that
+[27.640 --> 33.920]  your communication will look effective. Well whenever we communicate or with people around
+[33.920 --> 40.280]  us it is not just the matter of the words we use. No, it is the whole body, it is a posture,
+[40.280 --> 47.480]  gesture, eye contact, everything, play its part. Whenever we cultivate a new skill, whenever
+[47.480 --> 55.160]  we gain new knowledge, we foster self-growth, we require whole of our senses to involve.
+[55.160 --> 63.080]  Similarly, when we do communication, it is not just our words give us the power to engage
+[63.080 --> 69.680]  people. No, it is the whole body. So we engage people with our whole body, our eye contact,
+[69.680 --> 77.520]  our pose and base. These play a very important role when you talk in public. Nowadays as we are
+[77.520 --> 83.120]  living in a modern world, so we need to come across with so many people in our daily routine.
+[83.120 --> 90.200]  And how do we present ourselves that matters? So before we begin with the webinar which would be a
+[90.200 --> 97.000]  P.B.T. presentation, we must understand few things. First, whenever you are communicating in
+[97.000 --> 103.840]  public, what you need to keep in your mind is to feel energized. You must feel energized when you
+[103.840 --> 110.600]  are in front of anybody. Your inner energy will definitely boost the confidence in you that you are
+[110.600 --> 118.520]  someone to speak to. You have some views which you want to share with others. Next, you need to
+[118.520 --> 125.040]  feel free, natural. Don't restrict your body. When you restrict your body, then you feel stiff.
+[125.040 --> 133.880]  You are not able to display whatever emotions, whatever feelings you are having in your body.
+[133.880 --> 141.640]  Then mindset. You need to understand why you are at that place. What has brought you there?
+[141.640 --> 148.280]  Are you there for some interview, for some job, or you just want to present yourself? So this mindset
+[148.280 --> 155.160]  will definitely give you an idea of how you need to present yourself. The importance of that
+[155.160 --> 161.440]  particular event or that particular meeting that will definitely give you a boost. So these
+[161.440 --> 167.440]  things you need to keep in your mind. What I believe is the main thing which you can practice
+[167.440 --> 174.880]  through now onwards is your eye contact. Eye contact is a facet of body language which helps you
+[174.880 --> 182.720]  force your trust in the person you talk to. When you engage the person, when you just try to be a
+[182.720 --> 192.160]  part of their talk, then it definitely gives you another level of talk. So with this, we would begin
+[192.160 --> 199.840]  with a webinar now. That would be a PPT presentation in which we would discuss body language and detail,
+[199.840 --> 206.000]  different aspects of body language and the techniques to read the body language of others.
+[206.320 --> 211.280]  And at the same time, how to improve your own body language. So let's begin.
+[212.080 --> 218.880]  A very warm welcome everyone to the webinar on effective communication through body language.
+[218.880 --> 225.760]  In this webinar, I would try to share some tricks, techniques with you, how you can have your
+[225.760 --> 234.720]  communication as an impressive one. Well, because this is the art of language these days, as
+[236.000 --> 242.960]  it's said, the art of communication is the language of leadership. So if you really want to be
+[242.960 --> 252.160]  light and yes, you really want to be listened to by others, then you definitely need to possess this skill.
+[253.760 --> 260.800]  So in this webinar, we would understand what exactly body language is, why it is really important
+[260.880 --> 268.960]  about the genesis of body language and how to read it effectively and how you can improve
+[268.960 --> 277.440]  upon your own body language when you are in any societal settings. So we would begin with communication.
+[278.800 --> 285.200]  How we can make our communication more engaging and effective. First of all, for that, we need to
+[285.280 --> 292.000]  understand that what exactly communication is. Communication is just sharing our thoughts and ideas
+[292.720 --> 299.280]  to our surroundings through some mediums. So it has a proper pattern. It's a technical process.
+[299.280 --> 305.600]  There is a sender and a channel and a receiver if we need to just summarize it in one way.
+[306.640 --> 312.720]  Otherwise noise and many other barriers can also come across in this model, but we would pick up
+[312.720 --> 320.320]  this only because we need it for our further information. So sender and the channel and the receiver.
+[320.320 --> 328.640]  So where we would focus in this webinar is the channel whether it is verbal or it is non-verbal.
+[329.760 --> 334.960]  Communication is just imparting or exchanging the information by speaking, writing or using some
+[334.960 --> 341.760]  other medium. It can be verbal and non-verbal. So in today's webinar, our focus is on non-verbal
+[341.760 --> 348.480]  communication. When it comes to non-verbal communication, we believe that communication works for those
+[348.480 --> 357.920]  who work at it and it is true. Non-verbal communication is much more important than our verbal
+[357.920 --> 365.120]  communication because in verbal communication, we use only words, but for non-verbal communication,
+[365.200 --> 371.600]  we can say that no one can whistle a symphony. It takes a whole or a kistra to play it.
+[371.600 --> 379.760]  So for non-verbal communication, we need to work upon many other parts other than our spoken language.
+[381.600 --> 390.240]  So body language, this is one of the most important study we need to understand these days.
+[391.200 --> 399.440]  Our body speaks more than anything else. Sometimes our body language says more about us,
+[399.440 --> 406.640]  our emotions and our moods. What exactly we don't want to show or reveal, but somehow it comes on
+[406.640 --> 414.720]  our face, it comes in a body. So we would understand this one by one. So as we say that
+[415.520 --> 422.800]  impressive communication is to hear what isn't being said and that is the world today is,
+[422.800 --> 428.880]  that we need to understand what the people are not saying. They are showing through their body
+[428.880 --> 436.560]  language. They are showing through their actions. If you are able to read it correctly or appropriately,
+[436.560 --> 443.440]  then you can master the skill and this would definitely be helpful for you in public and in all
+[443.920 --> 452.400]  the societal arena as wherever you be. So first of all, we would begin it as biologically.
+[452.400 --> 460.160]  If we say that our emotions, these are emotions and our behavior which is guide or which is a major
+[460.160 --> 467.440]  force behind our body language. But that is because of the limbic brain. limbic brain is basically
+[467.520 --> 474.800]  the emotional aspect of our brain. The responsibility is related to feelings, reactions,
+[474.800 --> 481.360]  all are of limbic brain. These intentions are processed and expressed by it immediately.
+[482.320 --> 488.960]  As you must have seen that as examples I have put here in the PPT, babies eyes
+[488.960 --> 495.360]  dilate when they see their mothers. Of course, it's a natural emotion. When people see somebody
+[495.360 --> 501.920]  they like the most, they immediately feel happy or there is a smile on the face. Sometimes when
+[501.920 --> 507.840]  there is a bad news or immediate reaction to that is that we compress our lips or we feel immediately
+[507.840 --> 516.000]  sad. And when sometimes at our workplace we are not given the due importance or we are asked to
+[516.000 --> 522.960]  spare some time extra time over time, then that emotion that feeling on our face and in our body
+[523.520 --> 533.360]  is the reaction our limbic brain gives to. So our emotions are basically processed by this system
+[533.360 --> 541.200]  of brain that react immediately. That does not think and process that reacts immediately and it
+[541.200 --> 548.400]  comes to our face. As many of you many times say to your colleagues, to your family members that
+[548.960 --> 556.880]  it is not truth. I cannot feel it. I don't have the gut feeling. So when you need to study body
+[556.880 --> 565.280]  language, you all somewhere somehow read body language. But to some extent if we really want to be
+[565.280 --> 571.920]  expert in that, that we must know the details in that. We all read the body language of a near
+[571.920 --> 578.160]  endear ones when they are not in a good mood or when they are not happy. We are definitely able to
+[578.160 --> 584.400]  detect that. But how we can do it professionally for that we need to know the basic details behind
+[584.400 --> 588.720]  it. So first thing we have learnt is that it is all caused because of our limbic brain.
+[590.480 --> 596.400]  And when I would say that expert elicitate that applying the knowledge of non-verbal behavior
+[596.640 --> 601.600]  in our societal arena are us to communicate more successfully as compared to relying on the
+[601.600 --> 608.000]  verbal mode. This is true in the case of a detective and a magician. You must have seen that
+[608.000 --> 615.760]  those people are the masters and experts in reading body language and the work goes on that only.
+[616.480 --> 621.360]  They don't rely on the words with people say they just try to catch your body language.
+[621.360 --> 628.880]  Try to say modify it according to their need and this is how they do well in their work.
+[629.440 --> 635.680]  So that is very important that we must know to read the body language and yes,
+[636.560 --> 644.720]  never forget to use your gut feeling, your intuition. That is the first signal your own mind gives you.
+[645.600 --> 649.120]  Go by your gut feeling, go by your intuition every time.
+[651.520 --> 658.480]  So if we now move back to the past to know about the genesis of body language,
+[658.480 --> 665.040]  when there was no language, when people were not sure of the words related to happiness, sadness,
+[665.040 --> 671.120]  anger, fear or frustration, what they used to do. They used to do their body language. They used to
+[671.120 --> 677.680]  use their body language. They used to express it through their emotions, through their body,
+[677.680 --> 685.120]  through their face. Right? You can now imagine your mind that through their gestures and their
+[685.120 --> 691.520]  postures, they used to show their anger and the feeling of the happiness, the over-excited
+[691.520 --> 698.000]  feelings. You must have seen it somewhere somehow in movies or in any other story books if you
+[698.000 --> 705.600]  have read any in this context. So that was the time body language dates back to that time.
+[706.400 --> 714.400]  It's not a new word but yes, the serious study of body language is the modern work.
+[715.360 --> 722.880]  Nowadays people, especially in corporate sector, in different departments, they focus more on the
+[722.880 --> 729.440]  body language than the words of the person because words can deceive but body language can never
+[730.160 --> 736.080]  do this. It is adopted as a tool to enhance our communication and strengthen our interpersonal
+[736.080 --> 743.520]  relations. Now I would talk about the noteworthy researches in this field which I think we need to
+[744.320 --> 751.760]  read if you really want to be an expert in this. So first, American anthropologist who founded
+[751.840 --> 761.920]  Kinesics as a field of research in non-verbal behavior was done in 1950s by Ray and he did extensive
+[761.920 --> 769.200]  study in this. Next in the line is Desmond Morris. Desmond Morris, interpreted human behavior based
+[769.200 --> 775.600]  on ethylological research. It reveals that some of our expressions and some of our body language
+[775.680 --> 784.960]  gestures are from the animal context, the evolution we've been from. So he interpreted in that way.
+[784.960 --> 791.280]  Paulicman and W.B. Fresin, they also deciphered the facial action coding system that is
+[791.280 --> 798.320]  facts to describe and interpret and measure the facial behaviors according to them. We use more than
+[798.400 --> 806.000]  3,000 gestures when we talk, when we behave, when we are showing ourselves to public.
+[807.600 --> 813.760]  Now concluding all the aspects of non-verbal communication, so we come with the list,
+[813.760 --> 819.120]  well to study non-verbal behavior in detail, we must know the different aspects of non-verbal
+[819.120 --> 824.640]  communication. The first thing, the most important thing is body language. That is known as the
+[824.720 --> 830.800]  other name kinetics. So body language, body motions, such as related to shrugs,
+[830.800 --> 837.600]  foot tapping, drumming fingers, eyes, facial expressions and gestures, all are part of our body language,
+[837.600 --> 844.640]  which we are going to study today. Next is Proxamics. This peak of the proximity we have with the
+[844.640 --> 851.440]  people around us, the near and dear ones or the people who are distant to us, so we would study in
+[851.680 --> 858.400]  this haptics related to touch, aculosics is eye contact and the other postural,
+[858.400 --> 865.920]  adornment, locomotion, all these formulate a part of our body language. And if we just read
+[865.920 --> 873.120]  it, observe it and then we are easily able to pose it in our personality and also read it in
+[873.200 --> 882.720]  others personality. So the first one, kinetics categorized by poor Iqman and Wallace, we
+[882.720 --> 889.600]  fry sin in five parts. We would study it in this way only, imbeilms, illustrators, effective
+[889.600 --> 896.080]  displays, regulators and adapters. These are basically different sort of gestures and movements we
+[896.880 --> 903.360]  make and how we make it that we would see now imbeilms. The first one, imbeilms are those
+[903.360 --> 910.080]  non-verbal signs and sigils that are easily identified as they are used quite often in specific
+[910.080 --> 917.280]  context. These basically depict the symbolic versions of the signs we want to convey. Words,
+[918.080 --> 924.640]  as you can see the second one is the wick 3 sign. First one is related to the phone call,
+[925.200 --> 930.640]  whether you call or something you can signal a person listening to you or looking at you. Thumbs up
+[931.840 --> 936.560]  and the other one sign. So we all are aware of these signs. These are known as imbeilms,
+[937.360 --> 944.400]  which are easily understood by the listener or the person who is directly looking at you.
+[944.400 --> 952.480]  If you signal this, you don't need to use words. Next is illustrators. Illustrators are those
+[952.480 --> 961.520]  subconscious movements occurring regularly. Sometimes when we, if I want to give you a symbol that
+[961.520 --> 967.840]  this thing is really big, then I would use by both my hands and place it in that manner that this
+[967.840 --> 975.280]  would definitely give you an idea that this thing is this much big. When as in the photograph shown
+[975.840 --> 982.640]  we are late, what time is it? So the person is showing through his fingers. And the other one
+[982.640 --> 990.640]  call me, the person is giving you an illustrator along with his words. So these are subconscious ones
+[990.640 --> 998.320]  which we occasionally use here and there. Effective displays. Effective displays are all those facial
+[998.320 --> 1005.200]  gestures which we display specific emotions through. They are less conscious than illustrators,
+[1005.760 --> 1013.840]  they are the sudden emotions directly we come across with. Immediately feeling fear or feeling
+[1013.840 --> 1023.120]  surprised, shock, these are all effective displays. Regulators. Regulators are the movements which we
+[1023.120 --> 1031.120]  use to continue the conversation or just to maintain the flow of a conversation in which we just
+[1031.120 --> 1039.760]  make the speaker understand that we are listening. We just do head nodding or we numb some words
+[1039.760 --> 1046.480]  like hmm yeah. So these are those regulators which help us to maintain the flow of our talk.
+[1047.920 --> 1057.760]  Next, adapters. Adapters are basically to adjusting your own body. Sometimes you just want to make
+[1057.760 --> 1063.840]  yourself comfortable in the talk. You shift your position on the seat or you just a bit of scratching
+[1063.840 --> 1071.280]  in your face or somewhere else. So these are just some sort of specific uneasiness you have in your
+[1072.000 --> 1078.320]  body or sometimes you just pick on your clothes. You can do these things, these are normal but you
+[1078.320 --> 1086.800]  should not overdo these. These are the finest gestures we show in public but we must know to control
+[1086.880 --> 1092.560]  these gestures. If we are able to do it, what do we need to do is we just need to be conscious.
+[1093.280 --> 1101.440]  Conscious of our own self in public and yes others we definitely make out, we observe people
+[1101.440 --> 1106.080]  and we immediately point out that this person is feeling nervous, this person is feeling very
+[1106.080 --> 1116.320]  confident but same goes with us. So we must work on this in a proper way. Next, can we say something
+[1116.320 --> 1122.720]  without saying a word? Yes of course. As you just learned about the different gestures,
+[1123.360 --> 1131.440]  our major portion of our communication is done non-verbaly. Non-verbal talks not only communicate
+[1131.440 --> 1138.400]  major aspects but at the same time the complement our talks. Sometimes our words do not match but the
+[1138.400 --> 1145.040]  non-verbal communication replaces the verbal communication. It regulates it. It helps in various ways.
+[1146.880 --> 1153.440]  May I be as model of communication? This is one of the widely accepted model of communication
+[1153.440 --> 1157.760]  and people refer to it occasionally when they talk about body language and the
+[1158.400 --> 1166.480]  percent tone which are really important in our talk. So 7% only 7%
+[1167.360 --> 1174.240]  relates to our spoken words. Rest is our voice tone and body language and as you can see a
+[1174.240 --> 1180.800]  launch share is a body language in our personality. When we talk when we communicate it is our body
+[1180.800 --> 1190.160]  language which makes us communicate effectively not our words. Body language is a super power that
+[1190.160 --> 1198.240]  can ever have, that can make you, that you can ever have and that can make you just unique in the
+[1199.200 --> 1206.240]  it has the potential to make your life or break it completely. You must have seen people with
+[1206.240 --> 1213.440]  the lot many degrees or many of things but they are not able to do public speaking. They feel
+[1213.440 --> 1221.920]  shivering, they feel nervousness and they are the stop. They say that I cannot do it. No, that is just
+[1222.000 --> 1229.760]  the barrier. If you cross that threshold and just step forward you will realize that that is just
+[1229.760 --> 1236.640]  a moment of 10 seconds or 12 seconds in your life. Once you have started saying something then you
+[1236.640 --> 1243.040]  will just win the world. Just try it, practice it. In this webinar whatever I will tell you these
+[1243.040 --> 1249.040]  are based on researchers and you can improve your body language and read the body language
+[1249.120 --> 1256.160]  some other person only if you practice this. Practice it regularly without practice nothing can
+[1256.160 --> 1263.600]  change. So how body language is a super power? It increases our self confidence. If we are
+[1264.240 --> 1270.160]  possessing a good posture and we have the matter of what we want to speak we would definitely
+[1270.160 --> 1277.760]  feel self confident and if we are confident enough then yes we know our self esteem. We become
+[1277.760 --> 1284.080]  prismatic when we are in public. We are able to engage the audience appeal and get a traction
+[1284.080 --> 1291.840]  of our audience and in this way we are not only successful in our work front but we are successful
+[1291.840 --> 1300.000]  in all other dimensions of our social life. Our relationships get better with us and one thing
+[1300.080 --> 1308.400]  which we all want is public speaking and engaging impressive public speaking is the product of
+[1309.040 --> 1315.520]  fine body language. If we really want to adapt that we need to work on it. First thing we need
+[1315.520 --> 1322.080]  to do is we need to be conscious of our own body language. Now there are some myths about body
+[1322.080 --> 1329.760]  language which all might have heard or read somewhere. The first one is no eye contact means lying
+[1329.760 --> 1337.120]  or nervousness. Well this is not the case. We need to see accurately if we are actually reading
+[1337.120 --> 1343.600]  the body language of the other person correctly or not. No eye contact doesn't necessarily mean
+[1343.600 --> 1351.280]  that the person is lying or nervous. It can be that if a person is not meeting the eyes he may
+[1351.280 --> 1359.520]  mean that he is not comfortable or he is just unefee feeling uneasy or something like that. So it
+[1359.520 --> 1366.080]  doesn't mean that the person is only lying or hiding something. Second crossing arms we just make
+[1367.200 --> 1372.640]  a perception in our mind that if a person crosses his or her arms then that person is not interested
+[1372.640 --> 1380.880]  to talk to us. No this is not the case. It may mean that the person feels comfortable like if the
+[1380.880 --> 1387.040]  person sitting on a chair and the chair is without any arm rests then the person who just crosses
+[1387.040 --> 1393.280]  arms to make it more comfortable and this may be the sign that that person is just thinking
+[1393.280 --> 1399.360]  something. So you cannot say that person crossing arms means that he is not interested. Figuting
+[1400.080 --> 1407.600]  when we just cross our fingers many a times just fidget at people take it wrong. They feel that
+[1407.600 --> 1415.280]  the person is just hiding something or he is not speaking truth. It is just common. Figuting is
+[1415.280 --> 1423.040]  really common when you are appearing in public in front of a large audience. So it can be the reason
+[1423.040 --> 1428.080]  that it is your first time to a large audience and you are just visiting your fingers. There is
+[1428.080 --> 1435.840]  nothing sort of hiding. So you cannot make these myths facts in your mind. Anyone who talks first
+[1435.840 --> 1443.040]  is calling you. No, no. This is not the case. People who are over energetic or people who are nervous
+[1444.000 --> 1451.520]  extreme happiness. All these things lead to talking fast so you cannot make predictions over this.
+[1452.160 --> 1458.000]  At good verbal communication will compensate for inadequate body language. Many of you might have
+[1458.000 --> 1464.240]  this idea that no if I would use good words, if I would use proper speech patterns then my body
+[1464.240 --> 1471.840]  language would not be noticed. This is wrong. Our 3000 gestures as I already said those are
+[1471.840 --> 1480.400]  picked upon by people. So you cannot say it. So with this I think we have seen that body language
+[1480.400 --> 1488.720]  are the signals, body language signals are the signposts on your road to success. If you have worked
+[1488.720 --> 1494.400]  through all these or you are working you will definitely see a change in your body language.
+[1497.520 --> 1504.800]  Thank you. Thank you so much for listening to this. I hope this had brought some knowledge to you
+[1504.800 --> 1512.560]  about these different aspects of body language. Thank you.

transcript/webinar_OaQMMMWO3NM.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+[0.000 --> 3.000]  This is a video of prom dependency.
+[3.000 --> 6.600]  Hi Mallory, welcome to school!
+[6.600 --> 9.600]  Coming up your book bag.
+[9.600 --> 16.600]  Oh, Mallory, come on, keep coming to your book bag.
+[16.600 --> 21.040]  Oh, you're almost there!
+[21.040 --> 23.040]  It's right there.
+[23.040 --> 25.360]  Oh, right here.
+[25.360 --> 27.640]  Remember, it goes right here on the hook.
+[27.640 --> 28.640]  Okay.
+[28.880 --> 32.880]  All right, so remember you need to take the strap off.
+[36.160 --> 38.040]  Oh, and then remember we have to hang it up.
+[38.040 --> 41.720]  You got to hold it right here.
+[41.720 --> 43.760]  Hang it up.
+[43.760 --> 45.040]  Okay.
+[45.040 --> 46.880]  What's next? What do we do after our book bag?
+[46.880 --> 50.880]  You could go sit at the table and read a book.
+[54.400 --> 58.600]  Oh, Mallory, right there. Sit down.
+[58.880 --> 60.400]  Oh, right here on the yellow chair.
+[60.400 --> 62.400]  You can sit right there.
+[63.880 --> 67.360]  Oh, like this, sit right here.
+[67.360 --> 69.360]  There you go.
+[70.960 --> 74.160]  Oh, did you want to look at the book?
+[74.160 --> 76.160]  You can open it.
+[76.160 --> 79.160]  There you go, nice job.

transcript/webinar_PiigG9EiQls.txt

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+[0.000 --> 4.520]  The first thing I have to talk about is your body language. Now a lot of people feel like well
+[4.520 --> 9.840]  yes, in regular life body language mothers, but on a camera when you do zoom calls doesn't matter.
+[9.840 --> 16.360]  So a lot of people just sit back, they just kind of slouching, you know, like this and they feel like it doesn't
+[16.360 --> 21.200]  make any difference, but it does. Okay, first of all, it makes a difference to you.
+[21.200 --> 25.760]  Because if you watch my other videos, you know that whatever you do with your body,
+[25.760 --> 31.320]  changes your psychology, right? If you're slouching, if you're looking down, if you cross your arms,
+[31.320 --> 37.200]  if you have this defensive posture, then that's going to impact how you feel and how you think,
+[37.200 --> 41.040]  how you perceive yourself, how you perceive the world. You're not very likely to have a lot of
+[41.040 --> 45.760]  energy if you're slouching or if you are crossing your arms. On the other hand, when you have a
+[45.760 --> 51.440]  proper posture, when you open up, right? When you look straight at the camera, when you open your
+[51.520 --> 59.200]  palms, you will feel more powerful inside. But not only that, other people will also perceive you to be
+[59.200 --> 64.640]  a more likable person, more confident, more powerful, more charismatic and captivating individual.
+[64.640 --> 68.960]  Okay, when you use your arms, when you're sitting like this, it's going to make a difference.
+[68.960 --> 74.560]  And this is why whenever you do any type of Skype or zoom call, you have to make sure that you pay
+[74.560 --> 80.240]  attention to your body language. Okay, don't disregard your body language. Open up, make sure you keep
+[80.240 --> 85.440]  the right posture and you will see that you will feel better. Also, don't forget about the eye
+[85.440 --> 90.960]  contact. I know it sounds crazy because you know, you you can't really look into someone's eyes,
+[90.960 --> 95.760]  but there is that lens over there. And here's the thing, it's it's very tempting to just look at
+[95.760 --> 100.320]  myself as I'm making this video. But you notice, as I'm looking at myself, you have a feeling that I'm
+[100.320 --> 106.320]  not looking at you. And it's tricky and it's tough to learn and I still make this mistake. And
+[106.320 --> 110.560]  you probably noticed that in this course, I did it several times where instead of looking at you,
+[111.280 --> 117.680]  I looked at myself, right? It's normal, but you have to start learning. You have to start learning
+[117.680 --> 122.400]  how to look into the lens at least from time to time because that's when you give people this
+[122.400 --> 127.760]  feeling, even over zoom or Skype, that you're literally talking to them. So the way you can do it is
+[128.480 --> 132.640]  when you are talking to someone, say you have a group meeting or you're doing negotiation,
+[132.640 --> 137.200]  maybe you are doing a mini presentation for your company and there are 20 different people,
+[137.200 --> 141.360]  right? You can look at the screen, you look at different people at the screen, but then from time to
+[141.360 --> 148.560]  time, when you try to put emphasis on some important point, you look at them. And that's going to
+[148.560 --> 152.560]  make all the difference because guess what? A lot of people don't do it. Most people don't do it.
+[152.560 --> 161.200]  Most people kind of sit, slouch, kind of shy looking at the screen. And that's it. But if you
+[161.840 --> 169.680]  maintain proper posture, if you open up, if you do this, you will see that is going to make all the
+[169.680 --> 189.920]  two different auto audio features.

transcript/webinar_SaW4P2nzlF8.txt

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+[0.000 --> 12.680]  This is a learning journey and I want to take you on this journey.
+[12.680 --> 29.460]  And you're going to be able to explore the world and see the world in a different way.
+[29.460 --> 36.160]  Hello everyone and welcome to our first webinar for 2021.
+[36.160 --> 37.520]  My name is David Stevens.
+[37.520 --> 40.800]  I'm coming to you from Australia.
+[40.800 --> 47.700]  I'm one of the team members at the Body Language Academy by Joe Navarro, where I'm a partner,
+[47.700 --> 50.400]  the Senior Mentor and the Program Manager.
+[50.400 --> 55.800]  And it's great to see so many people joining us today for this great webinar.
+[55.800 --> 59.440]  And our theme is, of course, ask Joe a question.
+[59.440 --> 61.700]  So we're going to do some exciting things.
+[61.700 --> 65.000]  We've got some questions that people have already sent in.
+[65.000 --> 69.540]  We're also going to be looking at a couple of videos and analyzing them.
+[69.540 --> 74.540]  And we'll, of course, be taking questions from participants.
+[74.540 --> 80.740]  So you can write questions as we go and we'll sort of raise them as we go along.
+[80.740 --> 87.460]  The first of all, I'd like to also welcome Nadia Eit, who is joining us from Denmark.
+[87.460 --> 94.480]  Nadia is the CEO and co-founder of the Body Language Academy by Joe Navarro.
+[94.480 --> 96.240]  Good morning Nadia.
+[96.240 --> 98.440]  Hello David, thank you very much.
+[98.440 --> 101.040]  And thank you all for joining us.
+[101.040 --> 102.520]  We are very excited.
+[102.520 --> 105.680]  I will be following the live chat.
+[105.680 --> 110.560]  And I am so excited to see your questions and read them.
+[110.560 --> 114.680]  And Joe will be answering as many as possible.
+[114.760 --> 117.960]  And you can ask him anything about Body Language.
+[117.960 --> 122.200]  So take this great opportunity to ask
+[122.200 --> 125.640]  the world-leading Body Language Expert, Joe Navarro.
+[125.640 --> 126.320]  Thanks Nadia.
+[126.320 --> 134.120]  And of course, Joe, everyone knows Joe, ex-FBI Special Agents by Catcher.
+[134.120 --> 137.160]  You've written 13, almost 14 books, Joe.
+[137.160 --> 140.920]  And you've done a lot of speaking around the world.
+[140.920 --> 141.480]  Good morning.
+[141.480 --> 143.080]  You're coming to us from Florida.
+[143.080 --> 145.520]  How are things in Florida?
+[145.520 --> 146.120]  I am.
+[146.120 --> 149.520]  And thank you both, David and Nadia.
+[149.520 --> 152.000]  It's always good to see you both.
+[152.000 --> 154.680]  And welcome to everyone.
+[154.680 --> 160.440]  We are being joined, I think, from every continent.
+[160.440 --> 164.080]  And so this is very exciting.
+[164.080 --> 167.520]  Here in Florida, it's absolutely gorgeous day.
+[167.520 --> 172.960]  So if you're having snow or winds, where you're at,
+[172.960 --> 177.800]  I must say today's just an absolutely beautiful day.
+[177.800 --> 179.680]  And I'm looking forward to it.
+[179.680 --> 184.520]  This is my opportunity to say hello to everybody.
+[184.520 --> 188.120]  And really, to thank everybody who participates,
+[188.120 --> 193.520]  who reads my books, who follows on Twitter and Facebook,
+[193.520 --> 197.520]  and obviously, who has been tuning in
+[197.520 --> 201.000]  through the Body Language Academy.
+[201.000 --> 204.280]  And we're also welcoming some of our students,
+[204.280 --> 209.240]  who are also graduates of the program.
+[209.240 --> 213.920]  So it's always good to see them also.
+[213.920 --> 218.400]  I hope everyone is safe, and I hope everyone is healthy.
+[218.400 --> 223.600]  I know the last year has really been transformative.
+[223.600 --> 227.160]  And one of the things that really has stood out
+[227.160 --> 233.880]  was, or is, is the fact that perhaps now, more than ever,
+[233.880 --> 237.960]  nonverbal communication's Body Language is so critical.
+[237.960 --> 240.200]  We have literally gone from a time
+[240.200 --> 242.800]  and we were on telephones.
+[242.800 --> 247.840]  To now, I think more than 90% of my meetings are virtual.
+[247.840 --> 251.120]  They, we want to see each other's faces.
+[251.120 --> 255.360]  We want to understand each other's faces.
+[255.360 --> 261.200]  We want to be able to gather that same information
+[261.200 --> 264.960]  we used to through face-to-face meetings,
+[264.960 --> 268.240]  now through this very small screen.
+[268.240 --> 271.160]  So there have been significant changes,
+[271.160 --> 276.520]  but I think the one that has stood out the brightest is,
+[276.520 --> 285.120]  how do we read each other when we have this smaller screen?
+[285.120 --> 292.200]  And, and it's importance and the realization that before we were picking up
+[292.200 --> 296.000]  a lot of information subconsciously,
+[296.000 --> 303.360]  but now we're trying to think and analyze behavior to try and interpret.
+[303.360 --> 312.320]  And to a great extent, this is what the Body Language Academy is all about,
+[312.320 --> 314.000]  is how do we understand each other?
+[314.000 --> 315.240]  How do we read each other?
+[315.240 --> 317.080]  How do we comprehend each other?
+[317.080 --> 318.360]  What are those gestures?
+[318.360 --> 319.960]  What are their meanings?
+[319.960 --> 321.760]  And what is intended?
+[321.760 --> 327.720]  So I want to obviously open it up to questions.
+[327.720 --> 329.920]  I know David, you have some,
+[329.920 --> 332.400]  but we're also going to look at some videos,
+[332.400 --> 334.720]  which I'm excited to do,
+[334.720 --> 337.800]  because I think that always helps with, with the learning.
+[337.800 --> 340.000]  So thank you for joining us.
+[340.000 --> 342.200]  Yeah, thanks, Joe.
+[342.240 --> 344.760]  Yeah, we're, I can see the questions are already pouring in,
+[344.760 --> 347.600]  which is, which is great.
+[347.600 --> 351.840]  And I apologize, we're never going to get to all the questions that we might like
+[351.840 --> 355.760]  to in one session, where we've only got an hour here this evening,
+[355.760 --> 358.600]  or this morning, depending on where you are in the world.
+[358.600 --> 364.960]  But I thought one way that we would be able to get an idea of what everyone would like to talk about
+[364.960 --> 366.880]  is to run a quick poll.
+[366.880 --> 369.120]  So I'm going to launch a poll.
+[369.120 --> 371.440]  And when you have a look at this list,
+[371.440 --> 376.720]  this is a short list of some of the themes of questions that people have sent in.
+[376.720 --> 385.480]  And so I'd like everyone to vote for their top three questions they'd like answered by Joe today.
+[385.480 --> 387.600]  So you can see the poll running there.
+[387.600 --> 390.320]  So please vote for your top three questions.
+[390.320 --> 399.960]  And, and that will give us a bit of a, a bit of an idea of what people would like to like to hear about,
+[399.960 --> 403.240]  just because we've got so many people there and we're not going to get to everyone's questions.
+[403.240 --> 409.280]  This is a good way to get a bit of a feel for what people would like.
+[409.280 --> 419.440]  So I'll let that run for about another 20 seconds or so, as we see how people go.
+[419.440 --> 426.400]  And I must say, Joe, that we've got a number of students and a lot of them, Nadia and I have both met
+[426.400 --> 438.000]  this ward and it's been a real pleasure seeing how they'd be using body language in their professional and their private lives for a whole range of different outcomes.
+[438.000 --> 440.080]  So that's been really well.
+[440.080 --> 449.080]  As you know, I talk to every student that graduates from the program and it's a, it's a real eye opener to see.
+[449.080 --> 462.960]  I mean, everyone from PhD candidates to surgeons who have to police officers to students who have taken the program, how it has changed.
+[462.960 --> 478.280]  Not only their, their ability to communicate, but also how much more precisely and how much quicker they can perceive the thoughts and the feelings.
+[478.280 --> 482.200]  And even the fears and concerns of others.
+[482.200 --> 494.560]  And I think that's key to communication is that the quicker we can make that breakthrough of, you know, this person needs my help or this person is struggling with something.
+[494.560 --> 500.480]  The better that we are as empathetic and individual.
+[500.480 --> 503.360]  So it's always great to talk to them.
+[503.360 --> 510.320]  I enjoy those post graduation chats that I've, that I've had with them.
+[510.320 --> 511.880]  They're, they're enlightening.
+[511.880 --> 525.920]  And to their backgrounds, I mean, we have everything, we have seen everything from graduate students to, as I said, surgeons and individuals with degrees in psychology.
+[525.920 --> 538.920]  And as well as, you know, people starting out who are just wanting more information about how to communicate nonverbal.
+[538.920 --> 542.120]  And I think the program is set up.
+[542.120 --> 549.280]  So it's both, it's hard enough that it challenges you.
+[549.280 --> 557.600]  It's also interesting enough to even with advanced degrees that you get something from the program.
+[557.600 --> 563.800]  So how is that those, that poll looking here are the results.
+[563.800 --> 567.840]  As you can see there is quite a bit of interest.
+[567.840 --> 578.120]  I think our front runner is that bottom one there about staying safe in dangerous situations, firstly followed by, you know,
+[578.120 --> 579.120]  you've already mentioned it.
+[579.120 --> 588.280]  How do you read body language during video teleconferencing and then follow up from there is a, a, a, I think, yes.
+[588.280 --> 588.800]  Yeah.
+[588.800 --> 599.120]  So let, let me just jump on it because you know, we, we, we have so, so little, so little time.
+[599.120 --> 610.720]  You know, from an early age, we're taught to look, but we're really not taught to observe your, your parents didn't teach you really to observe.
+[610.720 --> 617.520]  They taught you to look and see if traffic is coming.
+[617.520 --> 620.200]  There's a big difference between looking and observing.
+[620.200 --> 637.600]  One of the things that I learned early on in law enforcement work was this, this critical criteria that to observe the world around us to have situational awareness requires greater effort.
+[637.600 --> 640.000]  But that's only initially.
+[640.000 --> 649.200]  And, and so, you know, everything from the minute you walk outside smelling the air.
+[649.200 --> 658.200]  You know, literally yesterday as I walked outside my house, I could, I could, I could smell that.
+[658.200 --> 667.200]  There was sort of burning oil in the air and somebody's lawnmower had caught on fire a few blocks down and I could, I could smell it.
+[667.200 --> 671.200]  And, you know, your senses begin to take in the world.
+[671.200 --> 673.200]  I can see every car on the street.
+[673.200 --> 677.200]  I can see, you know, the people in the car.
+[677.200 --> 681.200]  You know, you begin to pick out the colors of the car.
+[681.200 --> 687.200]  You see who's driving. Are they paying attention or are they driving while looking at a phone, which is illegal.
+[687.200 --> 691.200]  And yet some people still do that.
+[691.200 --> 700.200]  And you, you, you notice the subtleties of the world around you.
+[700.200 --> 721.200]  And that's just the objects. But then when it comes to people, when you become a really good observer, and that's what the academy is all about, it's about picking up the details of, you know, for instance, the frequency of how, how much or how often a person touches their face, they're blink rate.
+[721.200 --> 726.200]  Why are they ventilating their collar when they're asked a question.
+[726.200 --> 731.200]  Little things that most people don't pay attention to.
+[731.200 --> 735.200]  Once you learn to observe.
+[735.200 --> 739.200]  Then it becomes a habit and you don't really have to think about it.
+[739.200 --> 743.200]  You know, people say, well, does this where you down?
+[743.200 --> 748.200]  Not really because once you know what to look for, then it just sort of flows.
+[748.200 --> 757.200]  It's like software that runs in the background and it's in it's very effective and very powerful when you can look at a room.
+[757.200 --> 761.200]  And, and you're able to assess that that whole room.
+[761.200 --> 766.200]  That's to a tremendous advantage.
+[766.200 --> 786.200]  Now, when it comes to nonverbals and dating, you know, one of the examples that I often give is when people ask me, well, what's the importance of body language. And I said, well, I don't know about where you're born, where I'm born, babies are born, you know, without talking.
+[786.200 --> 802.200]  And, you know, parents, mothers in particular learn to read the body language that little squirm that little gesture means I'm uncomfortable or I need to, I need to eat and so forth.
+[802.200 --> 818.200]  And, and so the primacy of nonverbals is not just in in the in taking care of each other as a species, but also, for instance, our security, you know, how do we assess for danger?
+[818.200 --> 836.200]  How do we assess for, which was the question. And that is, you, you, you, we assess for danger nonverbaly. I mean, I, when I'm at the ATM machine, I don't turn around and ask the person behind me, are they up to no good.
+[836.200 --> 848.200]  And I, I, I also assess them for, you know, what are they doing? Who are they, how close are they and, and things like like that.
+[848.200 --> 857.200]  It is still nonverbaly the primary way that we assess for danger and one of the easiest ways, if you're walking down the street.
+[857.200 --> 860.960]  and you change directions and you find that somebody
+[860.960 --> 864.000]  is vectoring in the same way that you are.
+[865.680 --> 870.360]  Then this may present you with a dangerous situation.
+[870.360 --> 873.960]  And in fact, this happened to one of our FBI agents
+[873.960 --> 875.480]  in New York.
+[875.480 --> 877.720]  She thought somebody was following her
+[877.720 --> 880.600]  and so she immediately crossed the street, the suspect,
+[880.600 --> 883.120]  then crossed the street, she crossed back.
+[883.320 --> 888.480]  He did also, and in fact, he took out a gun
+[888.480 --> 892.280]  and was gonna rob her, not knowing she was an FBI agent
+[892.280 --> 897.280]  and she neutralized that target.
+[897.920 --> 901.840]  But the other thing is in the third area
+[901.840 --> 906.840]  where we use non-verbals is dating,
+[907.120 --> 914.120]  dating around the world, except for perhaps maybe
+[914.120 --> 917.560]  when things marriages are arranged.
+[917.560 --> 920.720]  Dating primarily is a non-verbal display,
+[920.720 --> 924.640]  whether as we see in countries in Africa
+[924.640 --> 928.040]  where the men dress up, paint their faces
+[928.040 --> 932.080]  and they don't these very elaborate costumes
+[932.080 --> 936.680]  and they jump up and down to demonstrate their physicality
+[936.840 --> 941.680]  to dressing up to go to a Las Vegas show.
+[943.960 --> 947.920]  It's all about the non-verbals
+[947.920 --> 951.200]  and even the interpersonal non-verbals
+[951.200 --> 954.680]  where two people are making eye contact repeatedly
+[954.680 --> 957.760]  and then there's the gestures of interest
+[958.760 --> 963.760]  where for instance, you're not only visually making contact
+[964.040 --> 966.960]  but you're showing more of your ventral side
+[966.960 --> 969.800]  and even the insides of the wrist,
+[969.800 --> 974.800]  these are demonstrative of interest in each other.
+[974.800 --> 979.800]  So whether you're using this for security purposes,
+[981.680 --> 984.520]  for interpersonal communication, for business,
+[989.600 --> 993.640]  I think it's very accurate that no day goes by
+[993.640 --> 995.800]  that we don't use non-verbals.
+[995.800 --> 1000.800]  It's almost impossible not to be using non-verbals
+[1001.360 --> 1003.200]  and so the better we do it,
+[1003.200 --> 1007.560]  the more effective, obviously we will be.
+[1007.560 --> 1008.880]  Yeah, that's great, Joe.
+[1008.880 --> 1010.120]  Maybe if I can follow up,
+[1010.120 --> 1012.560]  we had one question from Janet in the United States
+[1012.560 --> 1015.800]  and it was around the stank, safe, and dangerous situations.
+[1015.800 --> 1017.960]  You've talked about being a good observer
+[1017.960 --> 1021.880]  but perhaps can you also talk about our own body language
+[1021.880 --> 1024.680]  and how we can carry ourselves so that we're less likely
+[1024.680 --> 1028.120]  to become a target on other things we're interested
+[1028.120 --> 1029.960]  if we can be standing in that area.
+[1029.960 --> 1033.000]  I'm happy to, and before anybody remarks
+[1033.000 --> 1036.120]  on my body language of touching my eye,
+[1036.120 --> 1040.600]  I had my allergies this time of year are terrible in Florida.
+[1042.320 --> 1047.080]  Yeah, so going back to studies that were done in 1968
+[1047.080 --> 1052.080]  where we, scientists looked at talking to muggers
+[1052.440 --> 1054.520]  and said, well, when you look at it,
+[1054.520 --> 1056.680]  somebody to mug, what do you look for?
+[1056.680 --> 1059.320]  And what they said was we look for individuals
+[1059.320 --> 1061.440]  that look like they can't defend themselves.
+[1061.440 --> 1064.880]  We look for individuals that don't want to make eye contact
+[1064.880 --> 1069.880]  that walk small, that have very small gestures with their arms.
+[1071.080 --> 1074.200]  The larger their,
+[1075.160 --> 1080.160]  the arms swing, the stronger we perceive them.
+[1080.560 --> 1085.560]  And so even our body language can help to thwart.
+[1088.480 --> 1092.560]  The United States Secret Service,
+[1092.560 --> 1093.960]  one of the things you'll always see
+[1093.960 --> 1096.880]  is that they're hands are in the ready position.
+[1096.880 --> 1099.240]  So I'm gonna elevate it here a little bit
+[1099.240 --> 1101.960]  but their hands are always up here.
+[1101.960 --> 1105.680]  And what they have found is that most people
+[1105.680 --> 1109.960]  will not come at them or threaten in any way
+[1109.960 --> 1112.360]  when they see the hands in the ready position.
+[1112.360 --> 1117.360]  And so this is something that we can mirror
+[1117.360 --> 1122.160]  as well as standing up taller
+[1122.160 --> 1124.920]  and making that eye contact
+[1124.920 --> 1128.640]  with anybody potentially coming at you
+[1128.640 --> 1130.920]  where you can look at them.
+[1130.920 --> 1135.920]  And let them know that you're onto them.
+[1136.720 --> 1140.800]  So there are things that we can do.
+[1140.800 --> 1143.600]  And obviously space.
+[1144.680 --> 1148.440]  So we often think of having our space violated
+[1148.440 --> 1150.080]  and making us uncomfortable
+[1150.080 --> 1153.880]  but one of the easiest things to do to keep yourself safe
+[1153.880 --> 1158.880]  is if you see someone and this has happened to me
+[1158.880 --> 1160.600]  I was getting into a car
+[1160.600 --> 1163.880]  and these two men were approaching me
+[1163.880 --> 1168.880]  and they were about four or five meters away.
+[1168.880 --> 1172.400]  And I just, I immediately put my hand up high,
+[1172.400 --> 1174.360]  fingers spread out very wide
+[1174.360 --> 1176.440]  and I say, stop right there.
+[1176.440 --> 1178.080]  Do not get any closer.
+[1178.080 --> 1180.400]  And they kept talking, wanting to get closer
+[1180.400 --> 1184.760]  and I kept raising my voice and I said, do not.
+[1184.760 --> 1187.800]  Do not step any closer.
+[1187.800 --> 1190.400]  And I just felt unsafe.
+[1190.400 --> 1194.960]  And I think this is something that we can do
+[1194.960 --> 1199.600]  that our space is precisely that, our space.
+[1199.600 --> 1201.640]  Keep people further away from you
+[1201.640 --> 1206.640]  the less likely you are to be victimized.
+[1208.000 --> 1210.960]  I think it was, no, not I think.
+[1210.960 --> 1213.360]  In my book Dangerous Personality's
+[1213.360 --> 1217.640]  I said, you have no social obligation ever
+[1217.680 --> 1219.320]  to be victimized.
+[1219.320 --> 1222.560]  So if somebody's getting too close to you
+[1222.560 --> 1225.680]  and it offends them, well, that's unfortunate.
+[1225.680 --> 1230.480]  But you have no obligation to be victimized
+[1230.480 --> 1233.080]  and the easiest way to victimize someone
+[1233.080 --> 1235.760]  is to get within their personal space.
+[1235.760 --> 1240.560]  And so I say, keep that space and go from there.
+[1240.560 --> 1242.080]  Yeah, that's right.
+[1242.080 --> 1245.240]  We have so many questions come in, great questions.
+[1245.240 --> 1247.880]  So let's take a couple of those.
+[1247.880 --> 1252.880]  Jo, this one is when we want to bring someone nervous
+[1253.120 --> 1255.840]  out of their shell, should we mirror them
+[1255.840 --> 1259.880]  or should we display open and comfortable body language?
+[1261.040 --> 1263.200]  Yeah, great question.
+[1263.200 --> 1264.800]  Thank you for asking that.
+[1266.200 --> 1269.960]  You know, there are many times when a situation
+[1269.960 --> 1272.240]  will make us nervous.
+[1273.080 --> 1276.600]  One of the things that I always tell people is
+[1276.600 --> 1280.800]  if you're nervous, front it, tell the other person,
+[1280.800 --> 1281.960]  I feel really nervous.
+[1281.960 --> 1285.640]  I've been in job interviews where I probably didn't have
+[1285.640 --> 1288.400]  any reason to be nervous, but I was.
+[1288.400 --> 1293.400]  And so I just say, well, you know, I'm not sure why
+[1294.640 --> 1296.880]  but I feel a little nervous.
+[1296.880 --> 1300.040]  But the other thing that we can do is,
+[1300.040 --> 1302.600]  a lot of times nervousness is caused by the way
+[1302.600 --> 1304.160]  we're looking at each other.
+[1304.160 --> 1309.160]  So very, very front to front, sitting with a lot of eye contact
+[1312.240 --> 1313.680]  causes stress.
+[1313.680 --> 1316.520]  So one of the easiest ways that I found
+[1316.520 --> 1320.760]  to relieve the stress in others, especially when I was an FBI
+[1320.760 --> 1325.560]  agent, people would get very nervous around this
+[1325.600 --> 1332.600]  is to angle my body and not make so much eye contact with them
+[1333.800 --> 1338.800]  so that they don't feel that intimidation.
+[1339.200 --> 1344.200]  And rather than me mirroring them as being nervous,
+[1345.400 --> 1348.320]  one of the things that you can do is, for instance,
+[1348.320 --> 1353.320]  you can take a deep breath and exhale and then say,
+[1354.320 --> 1356.640]  well, I just have a few questions.
+[1356.640 --> 1361.640]  And what happens is we humans, our species seeks homeostasis.
+[1361.960 --> 1364.680]  So we seek to be comforted.
+[1364.680 --> 1368.160]  When we see someone do what's called a cathartic exhale,
+[1369.920 --> 1374.920]  subconsciously we look at that and we will try to mirror that.
+[1375.760 --> 1379.560]  So the person that's stressed will see that
+[1379.560 --> 1382.800]  and they will begin to calm down.
+[1383.520 --> 1388.280]  And I learned this years ago working at the Naval Hospital
+[1388.280 --> 1391.240]  in Puerto Rico at Roosevelt Roads and I was taught
+[1391.240 --> 1394.120]  by an emergency room surgeon and he says,
+[1395.120 --> 1400.120]  you know, when they come in with their family,
+[1400.320 --> 1401.480]  they're all stressed.
+[1401.480 --> 1404.880]  And if you say calm down, they'll never calm down.
+[1404.880 --> 1409.880]  The way to do it is, because I was there as an EMT
+[1409.880 --> 1415.800]  is you take a deep breath, you exhale and watch how everybody else
+[1415.800 --> 1420.040]  does the same thing and it has this effect.
+[1420.040 --> 1423.440]  So here's a nonverbal that we can display,
+[1423.440 --> 1428.080]  which gets other people to calm down.
+[1428.080 --> 1432.320]  Along with avoiding a lot of eye to eye contact
+[1432.320 --> 1437.320]  and as you're seeing me do, using more of a head tilt
+[1437.320 --> 1440.920]  to get them to calm down.
+[1440.920 --> 1442.200]  So great question.
+[1443.400 --> 1447.480]  I've got one more here from Hans from the Netherlands.
+[1447.480 --> 1451.320]  How would you rate intuition versus training
+[1451.320 --> 1453.840]  as an talent in observing?
+[1455.280 --> 1457.040]  Yeah, good question.
+[1457.040 --> 1464.520]  Intuition, I don't like that word because intuition is what we ascribe
+[1464.520 --> 1468.680]  to what we have not studied at length.
+[1468.680 --> 1472.880]  So your brain, deep within your brain,
+[1473.920 --> 1478.960]  right below the thinking brain, the neocortex is the limbic system
+[1478.960 --> 1481.680]  and it's exquisitely elegant.
+[1481.680 --> 1487.160]  It is assessing the world around you and has for a very long time.
+[1488.440 --> 1493.600]  The fact that you may not be able to articulate what you observe
+[1493.680 --> 1497.440]  does not mean that your limbic system isn't assessing for it.
+[1497.440 --> 1500.160]  Somebody violates your space from behind
+[1500.160 --> 1502.200]  and you feel uncomfortable.
+[1502.200 --> 1505.200]  Now you may not be able to articulate that
+[1505.200 --> 1507.720]  or somebody stares at you without blinking
+[1507.720 --> 1509.000]  and it makes you nervous.
+[1509.000 --> 1511.040]  You may not be able to articulate it
+[1511.040 --> 1514.320]  but your limbic system is picking up on this
+[1514.320 --> 1518.120]  and this is the elegance of the limbic system.
+[1520.160 --> 1522.880]  Gavin the Becker in his book, The Gift of Fear,
+[1522.880 --> 1525.800]  spoke about this.
+[1525.800 --> 1530.800]  And so what you perceive as being intuitive,
+[1531.280 --> 1535.480]  no, these are things that are hardwired in your brain
+[1535.480 --> 1538.200]  that you are prepared to assess for,
+[1538.200 --> 1542.560]  though you may not be able to articulate it.
+[1542.560 --> 1546.160]  Now, does that mean it's always right?
+[1547.320 --> 1552.440]  That is also a question because I remember when my daughter
+[1552.440 --> 1556.560]  would at night sneak up on me and spook me.
+[1559.560 --> 1564.520]  And obviously I'm reacting to it even though I recognize her voice
+[1564.520 --> 1569.040]  and the point of that is this,
+[1569.040 --> 1573.160]  the limbic system doesn't think it reacts
+[1573.160 --> 1576.800]  and it is quick, it is efficient
+[1576.800 --> 1580.240]  but it can be mistaken.
+[1581.240 --> 1585.240]  But it is the primary system upon which we survive.
+[1587.680 --> 1589.840]  So it's not like we can undo it.
+[1591.080 --> 1595.240]  But I think most of the time those feelings that we get
+[1595.240 --> 1597.640]  that this doesn't seem right,
+[1597.640 --> 1599.960]  this person doesn't seem trustworthy
+[1599.960 --> 1604.280]  or even those gut feelings that we get,
+[1605.240 --> 1607.640]  that this person just,
+[1608.520 --> 1613.360]  they don't seem like they're being honest with us.
+[1613.360 --> 1617.040]  You have to remember your stomach is full of neurons.
+[1617.040 --> 1620.160]  I mean, the same neurons are in your brain.
+[1620.160 --> 1623.840]  You can look this up when this conversation is over.
+[1623.840 --> 1625.560]  We have neurons in the brain
+[1625.560 --> 1630.560]  and they are sending signals to the brain,
+[1630.920 --> 1632.480]  through the vagus nerves
+[1632.480 --> 1635.360]  and we are perceiving the world,
+[1635.360 --> 1637.200]  we're reacting to the world
+[1637.200 --> 1640.400]  and I think it's a mistake not to listen to that.
+[1640.400 --> 1644.320]  What the academy can do for you is elevate you
+[1644.320 --> 1648.440]  to the point where you can observe the behavior
+[1648.440 --> 1651.760]  and say I am reacting and feeling this way
+[1651.760 --> 1655.200]  because of these specific observations
+[1655.200 --> 1657.200]  and therein is the great difference.
+[1658.120 --> 1661.040]  Now, Joe, if maybe if I can sort of take, go from there,
+[1661.040 --> 1664.040]  we talk about the discomfort, discomfort sort of paradigm
+[1664.040 --> 1666.480]  and that's often what we're looking for.
+[1667.200 --> 1668.640]  A couple of questions that ask about
+[1668.640 --> 1671.960]  how do we then go from understanding what they're thinking
+[1671.960 --> 1674.760]  and feeling, what their intentions might be.
+[1674.760 --> 1676.440]  So would that be, I mean, there's some gestures
+[1676.440 --> 1678.800]  that might have some meaning directly
+[1678.800 --> 1682.000]  but you care to sort of comment on or expand on that,
+[1682.000 --> 1685.960]  how you go from comfort to discomfort to knowing more.
+[1685.960 --> 1687.240]  Is it through questioning?
+[1687.240 --> 1689.720]  Is it through something else?
+[1689.720 --> 1694.360]  Yeah, so throughout any kind of interaction,
+[1694.360 --> 1697.120]  we're going to see body language.
+[1697.120 --> 1703.400]  Just the other day, even though we were maybe 30 or 40 feet
+[1703.400 --> 1707.720]  apart out on while I was walking my dog,
+[1707.720 --> 1711.320]  I ran into a neighbor and we're talking across the street
+[1711.320 --> 1712.360]  to each other.
+[1714.360 --> 1719.360]  And I could tell from her face that she was stressed.
+[1719.800 --> 1723.480]  There was just, you know, there was a lot of lip compression
+[1723.480 --> 1727.160]  and when she said hi, you know, the hand didn't go up
+[1727.160 --> 1729.360]  as high as it usually does.
+[1729.360 --> 1734.120]  And so I sensed that something was wrong.
+[1734.120 --> 1737.280]  And so after I said, good morning, how are you?
+[1737.280 --> 1740.160]  I asked, is everything okay?
+[1740.160 --> 1744.440]  And then she began to tell me some things that had happened
+[1744.440 --> 1745.840]  to a family member.
+[1747.000 --> 1751.280]  And so a lot of times we see a display of discomfort
+[1752.120 --> 1757.160]  and it may be relevant to something the person has just experienced.
+[1757.160 --> 1759.560]  It's not always caused by us.
+[1760.560 --> 1763.640]  So I think it's useful to ask is everything all right?
+[1763.640 --> 1767.720]  How's your day going and so forth that you can only push so hard?
+[1767.720 --> 1773.480]  And then there's other times we see behaviors of, you know,
+[1773.480 --> 1775.880]  where they need to go.
+[1775.880 --> 1778.320]  And obviously if they're looking at their watch,
+[1778.320 --> 1779.520]  that's the easiest one.
+[1779.520 --> 1784.080]  But one of the subtlest one is you're talking to the person,
+[1784.080 --> 1788.040]  all of a sudden their foot orients towards a direction they want to go in.
+[1788.040 --> 1791.560]  And this is extremely authentic and accurate
+[1791.560 --> 1793.160]  that they're telegraphing.
+[1793.160 --> 1796.680]  Hey, nice to talk to you, but I got to get to work.
+[1796.680 --> 1804.040]  And so we use nonverbals to, at a minimum,
+[1804.040 --> 1806.520]  assess for comfort and discomfort.
+[1806.520 --> 1809.920]  And obviously people will communicate with you more
+[1809.920 --> 1812.000]  if there's a high degree of comfort.
+[1812.000 --> 1815.240]  And we can create that through tone of voice,
+[1815.240 --> 1820.680]  through our gestures, something as simple as when we greet each other
+[1820.680 --> 1822.840]  using the arching of the eyebrows,
+[1822.840 --> 1826.120]  the eyebrow flash to greet each other
+[1826.120 --> 1828.720]  so that they feel more, more welcome.
+[1828.720 --> 1834.320]  So we use it to communicate, but we also use it to assess.
+[1834.320 --> 1839.200]  And for me, people always ask,
+[1839.200 --> 1840.640]  are you looking for deception?
+[1840.640 --> 1842.680]  No, absolutely not.
+[1842.680 --> 1845.160]  It's a complete waste of my time.
+[1845.160 --> 1848.440]  What I look for is, is the person comfortable or uncomfortable.
+[1848.440 --> 1853.080]  And if I see discomfort, I want to know,
+[1853.080 --> 1853.840]  can I help?
+[1853.840 --> 1854.840]  Is there an issue?
+[1854.840 --> 1857.000]  Do we have to cut the meeting short?
+[1857.000 --> 1858.880]  Do you have to go?
+[1858.880 --> 1861.520]  Did you have problems in parking?
+[1861.520 --> 1863.360]  Any kind of thing like that.
+[1863.360 --> 1866.800]  But that's what we really use nonverbals for.
+[1866.800 --> 1868.320]  Thank you for covering that, Joe,
+[1868.320 --> 1870.200]  because we have quite a lot of questions
+[1870.200 --> 1872.320]  around detecting deception.
+[1872.320 --> 1876.720]  But to also cover another area of body language,
+[1876.720 --> 1879.720]  courtship behavior, we have a question here,
+[1879.720 --> 1881.800]  from Joanna, from Turkey.
+[1881.800 --> 1885.920]  So how do men show sexual interest in women?
+[1885.920 --> 1889.560]  Are there some specific signs?
+[1889.560 --> 1893.480]  Well, this is a universal question.
+[1893.480 --> 1900.240]  And we have any number of behaviors
+[1900.240 --> 1908.040]  that start at a very young age with something so simple
+[1908.040 --> 1913.280]  as I'm going to spend or try to spend more time with you
+[1913.280 --> 1916.760]  than somebody else.
+[1916.760 --> 1919.080]  This is my neighbors.
+[1919.080 --> 1921.320]  They would come over and say, can Joe go play?
+[1921.320 --> 1924.000]  So now we're friends.
+[1924.000 --> 1927.000]  And at some point, this transitions
+[1927.000 --> 1935.480]  from your usual playmates to the opposite sex.
+[1935.480 --> 1941.040]  And every culture has these things where, when we talk to each other,
+[1941.040 --> 1944.480]  we talk to each other maybe more softly.
+[1944.480 --> 1947.880]  As I said before, there's more head tilt.
+[1947.880 --> 1952.120]  We engage in greater eye to eye contact.
+[1952.120 --> 1954.600]  Subconsciously, you may not realize it,
+[1954.600 --> 1957.000]  but when we're in the presence of a loved one,
+[1957.000 --> 1960.640]  our pupils dilate.
+[1960.640 --> 1963.640]  Your limbic brain picks up on that.
+[1963.640 --> 1966.080]  You'll see more preening behaviors, right?
+[1966.080 --> 1972.000]  So preening is where men fix their jacket or their clothes.
+[1972.000 --> 1974.160]  Maybe they fix their hair.
+[1974.160 --> 1976.320]  And so forth.
+[1976.320 --> 1980.800]  There's more eye contact, repeated eye contact.
+[1980.800 --> 1985.240]  And it shifts from looking at someone to gazing at someone.
+[1985.240 --> 1989.600]  And one of the things you'll learn in the body language academy
+[1989.600 --> 1994.160]  is the difference between looking, observing, and then gazing.
+[1994.160 --> 1997.200]  Because what happens is when we gaze at others,
+[1997.200 --> 2003.080]  we're also simultaneously transmitting information of comfort.
+[2003.080 --> 2008.160]  So when we observe a criminal, we're not transmitting comfort.
+[2008.160 --> 2012.720]  But when we're gazing at somebody, we learn to relax the face
+[2012.720 --> 2018.200]  and sort of reward that other person with our non-verbals.
+[2018.200 --> 2024.360]  And so that's one of the things that happens.
+[2024.360 --> 2029.720]  And then in almost all cultures, the men will dress up more.
+[2029.720 --> 2032.120]  The women will dress up more.
+[2032.120 --> 2036.280]  They'll be more of the self-fixing preening behaviors
+[2036.280 --> 2042.480]  to make each other look and appear more healthy.
+[2042.480 --> 2046.160]  And literally more interested.
+[2046.160 --> 2049.320]  As well as often you'll see behaviors
+[2049.320 --> 2054.920]  to demonstrate physical prowess.
+[2054.920 --> 2060.800]  So often you'll see boys showing off or demonstrating
+[2060.800 --> 2065.480]  different things so that they will get noise.
+[2065.480 --> 2068.160]  Notice, one of the things that I'm often asked about
+[2068.160 --> 2073.080]  is, well, when women touch their hair, does that mean
+[2073.080 --> 2075.000]  they're interested?
+[2075.000 --> 2080.400]  And what's curious is it depends on how they touch their hair.
+[2080.400 --> 2082.760]  So for instance, if they touch their hair,
+[2082.760 --> 2086.520]  but their wrist is outward, they're
+[2086.520 --> 2091.160]  not as interested in the person as when the wrist,
+[2091.160 --> 2093.720]  the underside is facing the person.
+[2093.720 --> 2096.080]  So if they're playing with their hair like this,
+[2096.080 --> 2100.400]  we only display the wrist, the inside of the wrist,
+[2100.400 --> 2103.320]  when we're really interested in other people.
+[2103.320 --> 2105.000]  So these are some of the little secrets
+[2105.000 --> 2108.480]  that are covered in the course.
+[2108.480 --> 2112.120]  Butter of immediate significance,
+[2112.120 --> 2117.000]  because you can sort of cut to the chase,
+[2117.000 --> 2121.320]  know with greater authority what precisely it is
+[2121.320 --> 2123.320]  that you're observing.
+[2123.320 --> 2126.040]  And that's what we teach.
+[2126.040 --> 2127.040]  Yes.
+[2127.040 --> 2129.240]  One more here for Moya, David.
+[2129.240 --> 2131.160]  Yeah, you guys heard.
+[2131.160 --> 2133.600]  Are there any obvious body language
+[2133.600 --> 2140.080]  choose to quickly spot signs of narcissism and psychopath?
+[2140.080 --> 2143.360]  So yeah, that's a profound question.
+[2143.360 --> 2147.840]  The question is relating to both psychopathy and narcissism.
+[2151.000 --> 2154.520]  We certainly don't have enough time to cover that.
+[2154.520 --> 2158.120]  One of the things you notice, because if we're
+[2158.120 --> 2160.760]  looking at the true psychopath, so we're
+[2160.760 --> 2165.040]  looking at what's defined by Robert Hare, not just
+[2165.040 --> 2169.760]  anti-social behavior, but your true psychopath
+[2169.760 --> 2175.120]  is your true psychopath will try to dominate your space,
+[2175.120 --> 2183.480]  your time, your thinking, and your movements.
+[2183.480 --> 2190.960]  And so any behavior that is produced by the individual
+[2190.960 --> 2198.520]  to make you feel threatened, so like you can't leave,
+[2198.520 --> 2202.800]  to feel like you can't object to what they're saying,
+[2202.800 --> 2208.840]  that you feel overdominated by them.
+[2208.840 --> 2215.840]  These kinds of behaviors, we can aggregate, bring together
+[2215.840 --> 2222.960]  and say, yeah, this looks like someone who is pathological.
+[2222.960 --> 2226.120]  I would say, I mean, I've interviewed psychopaths
+[2226.120 --> 2228.720]  where one of the things that stands out
+[2228.720 --> 2233.200]  is they're very what we call flat affect,
+[2233.200 --> 2236.280]  where they're describing horrific things,
+[2236.280 --> 2238.840]  but they're describing it as though they're
+[2238.840 --> 2241.000]  reading from a newspaper.
+[2241.000 --> 2248.440]  And so yeah, that's a very profound question.
+[2248.440 --> 2252.720]  But I would tell you that because both the malignant
+[2252.720 --> 2257.280]  narcissist and the psychopath do so much great harm,
+[2257.280 --> 2263.000]  that one of the things that you have to be always mindful of
+[2263.000 --> 2268.120]  is your space, that both will try to control
+[2268.120 --> 2270.640]  and dominate your space in the people
+[2270.640 --> 2272.960]  that you can have contact with.
+[2272.960 --> 2278.600]  And so you want to make sure that you have freedom to do both.
+[2278.600 --> 2282.160]  OK, if I can, going back to a question that was asked
+[2282.160 --> 2286.760]  because I don't want anyone to come away from our program.
+[2286.760 --> 2289.960]  Our program is probably the only program in the world
+[2289.960 --> 2294.680]  that tells the truth about body language
+[2294.680 --> 2299.200]  and nonverbal communication and deception.
+[2299.200 --> 2301.120]  There are a lot of programs out there
+[2301.120 --> 2303.920]  that are prattling a lot of false information
+[2303.920 --> 2305.600]  about detecting deception.
+[2305.600 --> 2308.960]  And we're the only program that I'm aware of
+[2308.960 --> 2313.000]  that emphasizes what science teaches
+[2313.000 --> 2321.880]  about detecting deception and how utterly restrained we are
+[2321.880 --> 2328.160]  in what we can say that we must not confuse nonverbal displays
+[2328.160 --> 2334.080]  of psychological discomfort with deception.
+[2334.880 --> 2338.960]  And so this is one of the things that differentiates us
+[2338.960 --> 2342.000]  from everyone else.
+[2342.000 --> 2346.120]  And of course, it's helpful that over the career
+[2346.120 --> 2351.560]  where I was able to do somewhere around between 10 and 13,000
+[2351.560 --> 2356.240]  interviews that we can use that information that was
+[2356.240 --> 2361.640]  gleaned from that we that I used to testifying court
+[2361.640 --> 2367.600]  to help us to see, well, then how do we use nonverbals?
+[2367.600 --> 2370.120]  If we don't use it to detect deception,
+[2370.120 --> 2372.240]  then what do we use it for?
+[2372.240 --> 2376.880]  And there are alternate uses and even more powerful uses
+[2376.880 --> 2380.280]  of nonverbals.
+[2380.280 --> 2381.400]  That's great, Joe.
+[2381.400 --> 2385.480]  We've probably got time, I think, for a look at that video,
+[2385.480 --> 2387.120]  which I think will be worthwhile.
+[2387.120 --> 2390.440]  And in fact, this is a video that we've taken from the course,
+[2390.440 --> 2393.320]  a number of people have asked us what is on the course.
+[2393.320 --> 2395.760]  So this is an example of one of those videos,
+[2395.760 --> 2400.920]  but we're going to play it without the sound on.
+[2400.920 --> 2403.400]  So let me just share.
+[2403.400 --> 2406.480]  What, while you're keen that up, the reason we play it with sound,
+[2406.480 --> 2409.160]  this is how I do analysis.
+[2409.160 --> 2412.600]  When I'm doing analysis for the intelligence community
+[2412.600 --> 2416.920]  or anybody else, I never see it with a sound on.
+[2416.920 --> 2422.040]  I only watch the nonverbal so that my perceptions aren't skewed.
+[2422.040 --> 2426.600]  And what I'd like for you to do is notice the changes in behavior
+[2426.600 --> 2430.320]  and then try to catalog in your own mind those changes
+[2430.320 --> 2432.760]  and those behaviors that are so critical.
+[2432.760 --> 2437.040]  So, yeah, please roll it.
+[2438.040 --> 2448.080]  So here, she's asking a question.
+[2448.080 --> 2451.360]  And I'm sort of the passive listener.
+[2451.360 --> 2457.320]  And then you see my first reaction is to move away from her.
+[2457.320 --> 2463.440]  And then I do a cleansing gesture where I bring my hands across the lap.
+[2463.440 --> 2466.720]  Now, in a lot of interviews settings, people miss that
+[2466.720 --> 2471.240]  because there's the table or a desk in the way.
+[2471.240 --> 2473.880]  Now, my feet haven't moved too much.
+[2473.880 --> 2478.640]  In fact, one of my feet is very, very close to her.
+[2478.640 --> 2483.360]  But you see a lot of facial touching.
+[2483.360 --> 2486.560]  You see a lot of self touching on my part,
+[2486.560 --> 2490.360]  especially the upper legs and so forth.
+[2490.360 --> 2493.760]  And by the way, one of the ways that we ventilate
+[2493.760 --> 2495.400]  is by pulling on our socks.
+[2495.400 --> 2498.280]  And now you saw my hands intertwined.
+[2498.280 --> 2503.600]  And it was in a weird way where a finger soda was sticking out.
+[2503.600 --> 2506.080]  And one of the things that I've noticed over the years,
+[2506.080 --> 2508.800]  one of the things that we cover in the class is,
+[2508.800 --> 2514.080]  anytime we pretzel our body, anytime we pretzel like a pretzel,
+[2514.080 --> 2519.680]  we are hand gestures or our arm gestures.
+[2519.680 --> 2527.600]  This is indicative of a high degree of distress.
+[2527.600 --> 2531.800]  And here we see the TPP hands, where the fingers are
+[2531.800 --> 2537.040]  in the shape of the sticks that stick out of a TPP
+[2537.040 --> 2540.360]  that are also indicative of high degree
+[2540.360 --> 2544.440]  of psychological discomfort.
+[2544.440 --> 2546.680]  That's some bright observations, they're just.
+[2546.680 --> 2552.400]  So I guess what would people who are observing,
+[2552.400 --> 2556.520]  do you think be able to take away from that as,
+[2556.520 --> 2558.800]  what is the first thing that people should be looking at
+[2558.800 --> 2560.720]  when they're observing something like this?
+[2560.720 --> 2561.560]  Should it be the face?
+[2561.560 --> 2562.440]  Should it be the hands?
+[2562.440 --> 2563.600]  Should it be the feet?
+[2563.600 --> 2565.000]  Would you say that?
+[2565.000 --> 2570.240]  Well, as you know, in the program at the body language
+[2570.240 --> 2574.040]  academy, we teach you observe the whole body.
+[2574.080 --> 2576.920]  There's too much emphasis on the face.
+[2576.920 --> 2580.320]  And true, you see the furrowed globella that I do,
+[2580.320 --> 2583.800]  you see the cathartic exhale where I go,
+[2583.800 --> 2585.000]  and all of that.
+[2585.000 --> 2589.320]  But most of my behaviors, the significant ones
+[2589.320 --> 2596.800]  are with my hands, the moving my hands across my lap.
+[2597.000 --> 2602.000]  That's a self-clenser, the touching,
+[2602.000 --> 2606.840]  trying to touch my socks, the intertwining of my fingers
+[2606.840 --> 2608.440]  awkwardly.
+[2608.440 --> 2612.160]  These are all saying, I am bothered by the questions
+[2612.160 --> 2614.440]  that are being asked of me.
+[2614.440 --> 2619.280]  And you are in real time seeing how I am processing
+[2619.280 --> 2622.400]  the question that is asked, what is the requirement,
+[2622.400 --> 2627.120]  there you see the furrowing of the globella, the little area.
+[2627.120 --> 2632.160]  All these behaviors are communicating.
+[2632.160 --> 2638.160]  And it was all initiated by the question that was asked,
+[2638.160 --> 2641.680]  which you don't get to hear, but it doesn't matter.
+[2641.680 --> 2647.400]  The fact is that these behaviors come on board the minute
+[2647.400 --> 2649.760]  she begins to ask me questions.
+[2649.760 --> 2654.360]  And so why am I still bothered by these questions?
+[2654.360 --> 2660.240]  So as I look at these tapes, what I do
+[2660.240 --> 2667.080]  is I note with particularity each behavior in time.
+[2667.080 --> 2670.920]  And then once I have aggregated all the behaviors,
+[2670.920 --> 2675.120]  you see my fingers pressing on my hand,
+[2675.120 --> 2677.520]  my right leg was bouncing up and down,
+[2677.520 --> 2681.080]  my shoulders have sort of come up a little bit.
+[2681.080 --> 2683.760]  All of these things are communicating.
+[2683.760 --> 2686.960]  That something is not right.
+[2686.960 --> 2689.160]  There's nothing to do with deception,
+[2689.160 --> 2691.040]  but something is not right.
+[2691.040 --> 2696.720]  Now my job is to articulate them.
+[2696.720 --> 2701.800]  And then and only then can we go back and listen
+[2701.800 --> 2702.920]  to what was said.
+[2702.920 --> 2707.480]  The biggest mistake I see is people,
+[2707.480 --> 2709.920]  and this is one of the things we learn from the class
+[2709.920 --> 2713.600]  is that people immediately want to hear what said.
+[2713.600 --> 2716.960]  And then break out the behaviors, and that's the wrong way
+[2716.960 --> 2719.600]  to do it, because by listening to what is said,
+[2719.600 --> 2727.400]  you've already tainted what your observations are going to be.
+[2727.400 --> 2730.840]  Joe, for people who want to learn more about body language,
+[2730.840 --> 2734.960]  we have several people asking if there are any requirements
+[2734.960 --> 2739.120]  or they need previous training to join the program.
+[2739.120 --> 2740.720]  That's a great question.
+[2740.720 --> 2744.320]  And I would tell you that we have had everything
+[2744.320 --> 2750.000]  from high school students who were provided access
+[2750.000 --> 2754.880]  to the program from their parents all the way
+[2754.880 --> 2762.560]  to 75-year-olds who just are lifelong learners.
+[2762.560 --> 2766.480]  There is no requirement that you have any prior training.
+[2766.480 --> 2768.280]  The only requirement that we have
+[2768.280 --> 2771.440]  is that you keep an open mind, that you
+[2771.440 --> 2775.600]  be prepared to learn what science teaches us
+[2775.600 --> 2779.320]  to put aside all those preconceived notions
+[2779.320 --> 2782.760]  that you may have learned about.
+[2782.760 --> 2784.320]  One of the biggest myths out there
+[2784.320 --> 2787.680]  is that if we cross our arms, we're keeping people away.
+[2787.680 --> 2789.200]  And that's totally false.
+[2789.200 --> 2790.600]  This is a self-hug.
+[2790.600 --> 2794.840]  It's a self-student behavior.
+[2794.840 --> 2797.480]  Although we ask is that you have an open mind,
+[2797.480 --> 2800.000]  people like yourself, people like David
+[2800.000 --> 2805.480]  and the other trainers who work with each student individually,
+[2805.480 --> 2808.000]  people that have been trained by me,
+[2808.000 --> 2812.160]  help them to, the purpose of the course
+[2812.160 --> 2817.320]  is for you to be able to learn and to put this to use.
+[2817.320 --> 2820.640]  It's not our purpose isn't to fail people.
+[2820.640 --> 2823.400]  Our purpose is to educate people,
+[2823.400 --> 2826.520]  but also to be able to apply it immediately.
+[2826.520 --> 2829.680]  And that's what we strive to do in the course.
+[2829.680 --> 2834.000]  So it doesn't matter where you are.
+[2834.000 --> 2836.680]  As I said, we've taken on high school students
+[2836.680 --> 2843.440]  and everything else in between.
+[2843.440 --> 2843.960]  It's great.
+[2843.960 --> 2846.120]  We've probably got a time for just maybe one or two
+[2846.120 --> 2846.760]  more questions.
+[2846.760 --> 2851.120]  Now, do you know what have we got from the participants?
+[2851.120 --> 2855.240]  We have got one great question here.
+[2855.240 --> 2861.840]  How to remove my bias and make neutral and objective observations?
+[2861.840 --> 2864.560]  Is there anything to add to that?
+[2864.560 --> 2866.640]  Do you have some tips for that?
+[2866.640 --> 2869.960]  Yeah, absolutely.
+[2869.960 --> 2877.120]  A lot of times we are biased in that we haven't
+[2877.120 --> 2879.640]  been taught particularity.
+[2879.640 --> 2880.920]  I'll give you an example.
+[2880.920 --> 2888.080]  When I go to study primates at the zoo,
+[2888.080 --> 2890.200]  I can't tell them apart.
+[2890.200 --> 2894.000]  To me, all the monkeys look the same.
+[2894.000 --> 2899.560]  And yet, the zookeeper can say, well, that's Alvin and that's Roger.
+[2899.560 --> 2902.840]  And I was like, how do you do that?
+[2902.840 --> 2905.160]  And that's because they've been taught
+[2905.160 --> 2907.840]  to observe with particularity.
+[2907.840 --> 2914.000]  One of the easiest ways to get rid of, to dispel,
+[2914.000 --> 2921.680]  the problems of bias is to be able to observe with particularity
+[2921.680 --> 2928.000]  so that you have greater clarity in seeing the behavior,
+[2928.000 --> 2932.400]  and seeing exactly with greater confidence
+[2932.400 --> 2934.840]  that this is a threat.
+[2934.840 --> 2938.960]  This is not a threat that this isn't a behavior indicative
+[2938.960 --> 2944.560]  of lack of understanding or hesitation rather than something else.
+[2944.560 --> 2951.120]  So one of the easiest ways to sort of unburden yourself,
+[2951.120 --> 2959.160]  as I tend to do when I go and visit these primates,
+[2959.160 --> 2962.960]  is to be able to differentiate with particularity.
+[2962.960 --> 2966.480]  And I'm sure if you've gone to an aquarium and seen dolphins,
+[2966.480 --> 2972.320]  they all look at alike to you, and yet the trainers know which one is which,
+[2972.320 --> 2980.720]  but then that's what happens when we're taught to observe not just to look.
+[2980.720 --> 2984.200]  We have several hundred questions here.
+[2984.200 --> 2990.880]  Obviously, we can cover today, but thank you so much for being so passionate
+[2990.880 --> 2995.240]  about learning about body language and dedicated to that.
+[2995.240 --> 2999.000]  Maybe we should take a couple of key points from the program, David.
+[2999.000 --> 3003.600]  Well, if, as we're summoning this up,
+[3003.600 --> 3009.960]  you know, I want to thank everybody that has taken the time to participate with us.
+[3009.960 --> 3014.880]  And as you consider this program,
+[3014.880 --> 3018.120]  think of it as lifelong learning,
+[3018.160 --> 3023.880]  and how to enhance the skills that you already have,
+[3023.880 --> 3027.080]  but also to bring on board additional skills.
+[3027.080 --> 3029.880]  So I thank you for the opportunity, David.
+[3029.880 --> 3032.880]  I'll let you take over.
+[3032.880 --> 3033.920]  Thanks, thanks, Joe.
+[3033.920 --> 3040.160]  And Nadia, do you want to talk about the opportunity that we've got at the moment?
+[3040.160 --> 3045.240]  Yes. So it is a three to six month course with exclusive content.
+[3045.240 --> 3046.440]  One to one with Joe.
+[3046.440 --> 3050.440]  Your own personal mentor, assisting you through your learning journey,
+[3050.440 --> 3052.200]  a global network.
+[3052.200 --> 3057.320]  And because of the COVID situation, the serious situation,
+[3057.320 --> 3061.920]  we have chosen to give a 30% discount.
+[3061.920 --> 3064.720]  This is the first time ever.
+[3064.720 --> 3068.440]  If you use the code COVID 30,
+[3068.440 --> 3072.760]  we hope to have many of you join the Academy and join us
+[3072.760 --> 3076.280]  and begin this amazing learning journey,
+[3076.280 --> 3080.200]  where you will see the world in a different way.
+[3080.200 --> 3088.120]  So go to our webpage, www.jnbodylanguagecademy.com.
+[3088.120 --> 3090.920]  And thank you to everyone that's joined us today.
+[3090.920 --> 3093.320]  It's great to have so many enthusiasts,
+[3093.320 --> 3096.360]  people that are really interested in body language
+[3096.360 --> 3099.960]  and learning more about it and hearing from Joe's experiences.
+[3099.960 --> 3105.160]  So we look forward to seeing you either as part of the body language academy
+[3105.160 --> 3108.680]  or at the next webinar that we're doing.
+[3108.680 --> 3112.520]  So thank you to everyone and to everyone.
+[3112.520 --> 3114.680]  Have a great day.
+[3114.680 --> 3116.680]  Stay safe.

transcript/webinar_SlGXLS5m27A.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,442 @@
+[0.000 --> 10.000]  All right, so welcome everyone to the OpenSIM webinar.
+[10.000 --> 18.000]  I'm pleased to be presenting as part of the European Society of Biomechanics webinar series.
+[18.000 --> 22.000]  As Sun, I'm getting some audio from you.
+[22.000 --> 31.000]  So I'm going to go ahead and hang up the Skype call.
+[31.000 --> 38.000]  Okay, so I'm excited to be speaking to researchers from all around the world to introduce you to OpenSIM.
+[38.000 --> 50.000]  If this is your first time learning about it, or if you're already a member of the OpenSIM community, I'll show you some of the new features of OpenSIM 4.0, which is the latest version of the software.
+[50.000 --> 58.000]  I'll also give you an update on your research happening in the community and some pointers on how to get started with OpenSIM and learn more.
+[58.000 --> 70.000]  My name's Jennifer Hicks, I'm the Associate Director of the National Center for Simulation in Rehabilitation Research, which develops and supports the OpenSIM software and the OpenSIM community.
+[70.000 --> 77.000]  So OpenSIM is an open source software package for modeling the Muskels Settle system and simulating movements.
+[77.000 --> 82.000]  OpenSIM is used by researchers around the world to study a wide range of movement.
+[82.000 --> 88.000]  So this slide shows a few exciting examples of how OpenSIM is being used.
+[88.000 --> 99.000]  So Ravi Balasubramanian of Oregon State University is using the software to model the effects of artificial tendon networks and simulate how they affect hand motion after a tendon transfer.
+[99.000 --> 109.000]  Maryline Vanderkrot from the view and Amsterdam is using OpenSIM to simulate the effects of muscle spasticity.
+[109.000 --> 115.000]  Stefan Bearbrugan and colleagues at Imperial College are using the software to simulate fetal kicks in the womb.
+[115.000 --> 125.000]  And Brian Umburger and Frank Sop of the University of Michigan and UMass Amherst are using OpenSIM to model the limb socket interface and amputees.
+[125.000 --> 132.000]  So users are pushing the software to new and exciting uses, which necessitates a set of flexible tools for studying movement.
+[132.000 --> 144.000]  We'll learn more about these tools in today's webinar and I hope you'll be able to apply them in your own research.
+[144.000 --> 147.000]  I'm just going to check in quickly.
+[147.000 --> 154.000]  I don't see any comments so it sounds like you guys are still hearing and seeing this slides.
+[154.000 --> 157.000]  Okay, so I will keep going.
+[157.000 --> 160.000]  So here's the plan for our presentation this morning.
+[160.000 --> 165.000]  First, I'll talk a little bit more and give some background about what OpenSIM is.
+[165.000 --> 170.000]  Then I'll do a live demo showing some of the key features of the software.
+[170.000 --> 176.000]  And hopefully the technical details there go more smoothly than getting the webinar started.
+[176.000 --> 182.000]  I'll close by talking about how to learn more and get started.
+[182.000 --> 185.000]  So first, what is OpenSIM?
+[185.000 --> 191.000]  So OpenSIM is free and open source software for modeling humans and animals and simulating their movement.
+[191.000 --> 198.000]  OpenSIM can model many structures, including biological and mechanical systems.
+[198.000 --> 204.000]  So OpenSIM has components and tools to emulate neural control.
+[204.000 --> 210.000]  It also has biological joints. So humans are not composed, for example, of all pin joints.
+[210.000 --> 215.000]  And you can model the physiological complexity of real joints.
+[215.000 --> 220.000]  Models can be tuned and scaled to represent individual subjects.
+[220.000 --> 226.000]  And we also provide sensors to estimate things like metabolic energy consumption during movement.
+[226.000 --> 233.000]  Muscle tendon dynamic. We also have models of muscle tendon dynamics and models of ligament and joint contact.
+[233.000 --> 240.000]  And OpenSIM can also model non biological structures, like assistive devices and prosthetics.
+[240.000 --> 250.000]  So we've designed OpenSIM to be flexible and modular so that others can extend and adapt the software to their own research needs.
+[250.000 --> 257.000]  I see that someone raised a hand or sent a chat.
+[257.000 --> 263.000]  So we'll definitely take questions and you can type those in the Q&A panel of the zoom interface.
+[263.000 --> 268.000]  But I'll answer those questions at the end of the webinar.
+[268.000 --> 275.000]  So models in going back to the presentation models in OpenSIM can be as simple or as complex as you need.
+[275.000 --> 278.000]  So combining just the elements that you want.
+[278.000 --> 286.000]  For example, on the left and on the model on the left is a simple hopper model with a block and two links.
+[286.000 --> 291.000]  And on the right is a model with 23 degrees of freedom and 92 muscles.
+[291.000 --> 298.000]  And you can query the model or any of its components to understand and compute what you'd like to learn from a simulation.
+[298.000 --> 303.000]  For example, one type of component you can include in a model is muscles.
+[303.000 --> 314.000]  And you can output things like the fiber length or the fiber power, the force multi force multipliers and many more quantities during a simulation.
+[314.000 --> 322.000]  So joins are another component in OpenSIM from joints you could compute an output joint reaction forces.
+[322.000 --> 334.000]  These are just a couple of things examples of what you can extract from an open-SIM model and will learn more about the open-SIM components and these outputs in the demo a little later.
+[334.000 --> 342.000]  So OpenSIM provides a user friendly GUI or graphical user interface that allows easy access to this underlying functionality.
+[342.000 --> 347.000]  And GUI is now cross platform running on both Mac and Windows.
+[347.000 --> 365.000]  In the GUI you can load and visualize models. There's a suite of tools for importing experimental motion capture data and then computing things like inverse kinematics inverse dynamics and then generating muscle driven simulations and we'll see more about this in the demo.
+[365.000 --> 374.000]  So you can develop and share models with OpenSIM. For any of you in the audience who've developed your own models, you know that creating a new model is a lot of work.
+[374.000 --> 381.000]  So OpenSIM also provides a repository of models so you don't have to reinvent the wheel when you're starting a new study.
+[381.000 --> 387.000]  So we have an online repository of models and I'll show just a couple example here, examples here.
+[387.000 --> 404.000]  So Matt Demerers, who is a grad student in our lab created a model with physiologically accurate models of the ankle and stress stretch reflex controllers to understand the role of reflexes and preventing ankle inversion injury.
+[404.000 --> 411.000]  So we have a steel and others have created models to simulate the crouch gate pattern and children with cerebral palsy.
+[411.000 --> 422.000]  AJ Seth and colleagues created a model of the shoulder with a physiological scapular thoracic joint that's fast and accurate compared to bone pin data.
+[422.000 --> 431.000]  And you can also create animal models. So this ostrich model was developed by Jeff Rankin and colleagues to study locomotion.
+[431.000 --> 446.000]  So we carefully test all of our simulations by comparing them to a wealth of experimental data, including joint kinematics, joint moments, ground reaction forces, muscle activation patterns, muscle forces, and joint reaction forces.
+[446.000 --> 457.000]  Verification and validation are vital for any type of simulation and so we use a suite of tests to ensure we can trust our software and the results of the simulations that we share.
+[457.000 --> 470.000]  We also provide guidelines to the community so that researchers new to modeling and simulation can better understand what verification and validation steps are needed to trust the results of a new study they're performing.
+[470.000 --> 483.000]  OpenSim is a software package, but it's also a community and this community continues to grow and diversify the open sim community has thousands of users and hundreds of experts around the world.
+[483.000 --> 498.000]  And this map shows visits to our documentation over the last year, so it really shows the worldwide impact we're starting to have this bar graph shows the publications citing open sim organized by research category.
+[498.000 --> 511.000]  Sorry, just checking to I saw a question pop up, but again, I'll answer those at the end.
+[511.000 --> 517.000]  So each bar in this bar graph shows the percent of publications that come from a given discipline.
+[517.000 --> 525.000]  So we see that open sim is used for biomechanics research and also in robotics computer science and the neurosciences.
+[525.000 --> 531.000]  OpenSim is enabling interdisciplinary collaboration between biomechanists and all these other fields.
+[531.000 --> 546.000]  Next plot shows the cumulative number of unique users of open sim since its release in 2007 as of yesterday over 40,000 individuals have downloaded the software.
+[546.000 --> 559.000]  So now let's get started with the demo so that you can see open sim and action. I'll use the demo to highlight some of the key features for users who are getting started and also show a couple of the new things in 4.0.
+[559.000 --> 568.000]  To demo the software, we will generate and analyze a muscle driven simulation of a vertical jump with a counter movement.
+[568.000 --> 571.000]  So hopefully that video played okay for you.
+[571.000 --> 576.000]  We're using a simplified model with 18 muscles and 10 degrees of freedom.
+[576.000 --> 580.000]  And the video showed a preview of the motion that will simulate.
+[580.000 --> 588.000]  So you can see the jumping motion and you also see the muscles turning from blue to red as the muscles are activated.
+[588.000 --> 596.000]  So here the topics will cover in the demo will become more familiar with open sims graphical user interface.
+[596.000 --> 611.000]  Then we'll analyze motion capture data of a subject jumping and then do a sulfur muscle activations that generate a jumping motion and we'll do some simple analysis of the activations and other quantities that we compute.
+[611.000 --> 621.000]  Before we start with the live demo of the software, I'll give some important background about the overall simulation pipeline and how to go about importing your experimental data into open sim.
+[621.000 --> 627.000]  So for many muscle driven simulations, the simulation pipeline looks something like this.
+[627.000 --> 631.000]  We start with experimental motion capture data, the motion of interest.
+[631.000 --> 636.000]  This data is often in the form of the C3D file.
+[636.000 --> 645.000]  And as I've opened some 4.0, you can use open sim directly to read in the C3 data, C3D data with marker and brown reaction forces.
+[645.000 --> 651.000]  You can preview this experimental data in the GUI as shown in the image on the right hand side.
+[651.000 --> 655.000]  But typically everyone's lab and experimental setup is a little bit different.
+[655.000 --> 660.000]  So you'll need to first do some transformations and other cleanup and prep of your data.
+[660.000 --> 665.000]  Many users, researchers and users have MATLAB.
+[665.000 --> 670.000]  So we provide open sim capabilities through MATLAB scripting.
+[670.000 --> 677.000]  So in this slide, I'll show some simplified code that demonstrates the process that you use to import your C3D data.
+[677.000 --> 688.000]  So first we read in our data, open sim uses something called adapters to help convert from different data file types like C3D or TRC.
+[688.000 --> 691.000]  To open sim's data file formats.
+[691.000 --> 699.000]  We create an adapter and then read in tables with marker and force data from the C3D file.
+[699.000 --> 713.000]  Then in MATLAB, you can do post processing, like for example, rotating the lab coordinate system to match the open sim's coordinate system or computing center of pressure.
+[713.000 --> 721.000]  And you can write your files to TRC and STO files, which the open sim tools use.
+[721.000 --> 730.000]  Like the open sim tools for inverse kinematics and dynamics can use those files to run the analyses.
+[730.000 --> 734.000]  We've already done this proof processing for the demo today.
+[734.000 --> 742.000]  And we provide example MATLAB to utilities with your open sim distribution to help you complete this process for your own data.
+[742.000 --> 748.000]  So we've read in our experimental data to get marker positions.
+[748.000 --> 755.000]  These marker positions will be used by open sim's inverse kinematics tool to compute joint angles.
+[755.000 --> 766.000]  The joint angles together with run reaction forces are used by the inverse dynamics tool to compute joint moments and the static optimization tool to compute muscle activations.
+[766.000 --> 770.000]  So these are the, this is an overview of the steps will perform in the demo.
+[770.000 --> 775.000]  And I'll go into more detail for each as we step through.
+[775.000 --> 786.000]  All right, so let's go ahead and switch over to open sim.
+[786.000 --> 791.000]  All right, let me expand open sim.
+[791.000 --> 796.000]  So here is the open sim graphical user interface.
+[796.000 --> 805.000]  When you first launch the application, you'll see some links to our documentation, including the user's guide and examples to get going.
+[805.000 --> 807.000]  We need to load a model.
+[807.000 --> 812.000]  So I will load the jumper model that we're going to use in the example.
+[812.000 --> 816.000]  And while that's loading.
+[816.000 --> 821.000]  Can someone just confirm for me that they can see the,
+[821.000 --> 829.000]  the, that the open sim application is showing up. Okay.
+[829.000 --> 832.000]  Oops, let's see.
+[832.000 --> 838.000]  Okay, looks like we're good. Thank you guys.
+[838.000 --> 844.000]  Okay, so let's go ahead and continue with the demo.
+[844.000 --> 848.000]  So here's the example, the model that we'll use in the example.
+[848.000 --> 857.000]  You see it's skeletal geometry, the simplified set of muscles, the model markers that will try to match to the experimental data in the IK step.
+[857.000 --> 863.000]  Note that to save time of already scaled this model to match our experimental subject.
+[863.000 --> 865.000]  This is a key phase in the process.
+[865.000 --> 871.000]  And you can see our user guide and past webinars to learn more about how to scale your model.
+[871.000 --> 879.000]  You can use your mouse or trackpad or your keypad as well to zoom in and out and change the view.
+[879.000 --> 882.000]  So can zoom in and out.
+[882.000 --> 884.000]  Up and down.
+[884.000 --> 888.000]  I'll point out the other key components of the application.
+[888.000 --> 894.000]  So again, this is the visualizer window where you can visualize your model or experimental data up here.
+[894.000 --> 900.000]  The video controls allow customized playback for a loaded or computed motion.
+[900.000 --> 905.000]  They're grayed out now because we haven't generated or loaded a motion yet.
+[905.000 --> 912.000]  The messages window gives the status of open sins operations.
+[912.000 --> 918.000]  And then over here we have the navigator, which shows your loaded models and the models components.
+[918.000 --> 928.000]  For example, we can see the bodies that make up the model, the pelvis, the femur, the joints that connect the bodies.
+[928.000 --> 932.000]  There are no constraints or contact geometry in this model.
+[932.000 --> 941.000]  It does have forces in the form of muscles or our force generating elements. And then again, we have markers in the model as well.
+[941.000 --> 949.000]  The coordinates pane shows the degrees of freedom of the model and their coordinate values and speeds.
+[949.000 --> 970.000]  And then if we select, say, a body in the model, we can go or any of the other components in the navigator, we can go down to this properties panel, which shows detailed information about a model component, the model component that's selected, as well as the outputs, which will learn about a little bit later in the demo.
+[970.000 --> 975.000]  So we want to analyze that jump. So let's go ahead and get started with that.
+[975.000 --> 979.000]  And we'll begin with an inverse kinematics analysis.
+[979.000 --> 985.000]  Also kinematics is the study of motion, an object's position, velocity and acceleration.
+[985.000 --> 996.000]  And in open sin, the purpose of inverse kinematics is to find the joint angles of the model that best reproduce the experimental data that we measured for a particular subject and trial.
+[996.000 --> 1006.000]  Open sin determines this best match by solving a weighted least squares optimization problem with the goal of minimizing marker error.
+[1006.000 --> 1016.000]  In this tutorial, the experimental data used by the IK tool are the experimental marker positions of a subject performing a maximum height jump.
+[1016.000 --> 1025.000]  And with the results of the kinematics analysis will be able to probe the model and motion for quantities such as jump height and take off speed.
+[1025.000 --> 1031.000]  So I can find the inverse kinematics tool under the set of tools.
+[1031.000 --> 1036.000]  So I'll go ahead and launch the IK tool.
+[1036.000 --> 1052.000]  And then preparing for the webinar, I saved what's called a setup file, which has all the settings for running IK. So I'll go ahead and load that so I don't make any mistakes during the webinar and I'll talk through what each of the inputs are.
+[1052.000 --> 1056.000]  So the model is the jumper model.
+[1056.000 --> 1061.000]  We have a set of the 44 markers.
+[1061.000 --> 1072.000]  And the data is in jump markers dot TRC. We're going to process from 0.6 to 1.95.
+[1072.000 --> 1081.000]  And the output where we're going to save the motion file is right here at the inverse kinematics solution jumping dot MOT.
+[1081.000 --> 1088.000]  And I said it was a weighted optimization when I was talking about IK so you can apply different weights to the markers.
+[1088.000 --> 1098.000]  But in this case, to indicate, for example, how much you trust each value, but in this case, we've set all of the values to one.
+[1098.000 --> 1109.000]  But you can adjust those for your own simulations and set up. So go ahead and run inverse kinematics.
+[1109.000 --> 1115.000]  And then you can see the model jumping and landing.
+[1115.000 --> 1126.000]  So we can play that back. Maybe a little bit choppy over the webinar format, but hopefully you guys at least get the general sense that we have a simulation of a jump here.
+[1126.000 --> 1138.000]  We can use the playback to get a sense of the max height. It looks like it's the time that the max occurs. It looks like it's a little bit after 1.6 seconds.
+[1138.000 --> 1143.000]  And we can also plot the join angles that we computed.
+[1143.000 --> 1148.000]  So I'm launching from the tool menu, the plotter tool.
+[1148.000 --> 1153.000]  And for my why quantity, I can look at those inverse kinematics results.
+[1153.000 --> 1159.000]  And let's plot the hip flexion and knee flexion and ankle plan reflection.
+[1159.000 --> 1166.000]  And our ex quantity will be as a function of time. And I'll go ahead and add those curves to the plot.
+[1166.000 --> 1180.000]  And let's see that the joints are flexing flexing during the counter motion and extending during the push off and then stay are extended and stay fairly constant during the flight phase.
+[1180.000 --> 1189.000]  And another question that we might have. So we have these joint angles.
+[1189.000 --> 1202.000]  And the thing that isn't directly outputted from the inverse kinematics analysis that looks at joint angles is the position of the hand and the position of the center of mass throughout the jump.
+[1202.000 --> 1214.000]  But we can use the new output reporter and open sim 4.0 to easily compute those things. So I talked about the properties and the outputs earlier in the demo.
+[1214.000 --> 1217.000]  And if we go ahead and look at the model.
+[1217.000 --> 1228.000]  And it's outputs, we see that the model has an output called the center of mass positions. So we could use that to plot the center mass position throughout the jump.
+[1228.000 --> 1235.000]  And then we can look at the outputs of the bodies as well. If I find the hand, let's look at the right hand.
+[1235.000 --> 1244.000]  We can see that we can also plot the position of the hand over time as an output.
+[1244.000 --> 1254.000]  So to get those outputs for the motion of interest, I'll use the analyze tool. So I'll go ahead and load the analyze tool.
+[1254.000 --> 1266.000]  Again, I've already created pre populated a setup files. We don't miss anything. So I'll go ahead and load that my output reporter setup for getting positions.
+[1266.000 --> 1271.000]  The motion is the result of the inverse kinematics that we just ran.
+[1271.000 --> 1283.000]  We're going to look at the same time range. The results will go to this folder results position outputs. This is just a kinematics analysis so we don't have actuators and external loads to worry about.
+[1283.000 --> 1298.000]  If we go to the set of analyses, we see that we have this output reporter. And if I edit that, we can see that the output path. So those are kind of like file paths, but paths to different outputs in the model.
+[1298.000 --> 1306.000]  And we see we have the center of mass position and then find the body set, the right hand and the position of the right hand.
+[1306.000 --> 1312.000]  So if I go ahead and run that, I can close the tool while it's running.
+[1312.000 --> 1316.000]  It played back really quickly, but we have the same motion.
+[1316.000 --> 1329.000]  And now if we bring up the plot tool again, we should be able to go ahead and plot the hand and the center of mass position over time and get some information about the jump height.
+[1329.000 --> 1336.000]  So here's the folder that I use results position output. I'll go ahead and open that.
+[1336.000 --> 1347.000]  So the result was you thought you see it's a back three. That means it's a 3d vector. So we have the x, y, and z coordinates of the center components of the center of mass position.
+[1347.000 --> 1360.000]  So I'm going to go ahead and plot the y for the center of mass and the y for the position of the right hand.
+[1360.000 --> 1364.000]  Again, we want to plot as a function of time.
+[1364.000 --> 1375.000]  I'll go ahead and add those curves. So in red, we see the center of mass position over time. We started about one meter and change to 1.5.
+[1375.000 --> 1382.000]  So it looks like the change in position from the start to the end was about a half a meter.
+[1382.000 --> 1386.000]  And then the max height reached was almost two and a half meters.
+[1386.000 --> 1400.000]  And if we hover over, we see that as we found when we were visualizing the motion, the max height occurs at a little after 1.6 seconds into the trial.
+[1400.000 --> 1404.000]  This is some kinematic analysis of the movement.
+[1404.000 --> 1414.000]  With open sim, we can also look at the moments and forces involved in the movement. And to do that, we'll start with an inverse dynamics analysis next.
+[1414.000 --> 1421.000]  So dynamics is the study of kinematics and the forces and moments that produce those kinematics.
+[1421.000 --> 1427.000]  The purpose of inverse dynamics is to estimate the forces and moments that cause a particular motion.
+[1427.000 --> 1441.000]  Open sim determines these by forming and solving the models equations of motion, based on the models kinematics structure and inertial properties, the joint angles that describe the motion and external force data.
+[1441.000 --> 1453.000]  The first tutorial that inverse dynamics tool will analyze the joint angles from the inverse kinematics step that we just ran and the external ground reaction force data from the experiment.
+[1453.000 --> 1462.000]  And with the results, we'll be able to examine, for example, the coordination and timing of the sagittal joint moments to generate a max height jump.
+[1462.000 --> 1467.000]  And we'll look at whether we think the subject has a dominant limb driving the motion.
+[1467.000 --> 1472.000]  So I'll go ahead and launch the inverse dynamics tool.
+[1472.000 --> 1477.000]  And again, load a setup file.
+[1477.000 --> 1480.000]  My inverse dynamics setup.
+[1480.000 --> 1487.000]  And so again, the input is the inverse kinematics solution.
+[1487.000 --> 1496.000]  We'll use a low pass cutoff frequency of six hertz to filter out high frequency noise in the IK results.
+[1496.000 --> 1502.000]  Again, we'll process the same time range, put the results in a results folder.
+[1502.000 --> 1505.000]  And now we have external loads.
+[1505.000 --> 1514.000]  And this file specifies how to apply the ground reaction forces in our ground reaction force file to the model in particular will apply them.
+[1514.000 --> 1520.000]  And then we'll go ahead and run the forces and moments to the right and left called calcaneus of the model.
+[1520.000 --> 1525.000]  So I'll go ahead and run inverse dynamics.
+[1525.000 --> 1527.000]  And it's already done.
+[1527.000 --> 1532.000]  And again, we have the same jumping motion.
+[1532.000 --> 1540.000]  And so now we can go ahead and look at the joint moments as well.
+[1541.000 --> 1544.000]  So we've got a circle behind which means we can walk the momentum.
+[1544.000 --> 1547.000]  And stop our trusty plot tool again.
+[1547.000 --> 1558.000]  And this time plot the inverse dynamics results and.
+[1558.000 --> 1560.000]  So I said earlier, we were curious about whether the subject has a dominant limb in the jump.
+[1560.000 --> 1564.000]  So let's plot the.
+[1564.000 --> 1572.320]  left ankle, flexion moments. Again, we'll plot as a function of time and add them to the curve.
+[1573.520 --> 1581.600]  All right, and so if we look at the knee in red and green, we see the red, the ankle moment for
+[1581.600 --> 1586.480]  the right knee is a little higher, and there's a more pronounced difference at the ankle.
+[1587.200 --> 1593.200]  So these results would indicate that the subject may have a dominant right limb in jumping,
+[1593.200 --> 1596.080]  but we'd probably want to collect some more data to be short.
+[1599.760 --> 1606.320]  So the power of open sim is that it includes muscle models so we can probe the function of muscles
+[1606.320 --> 1611.520]  in the motion. So while the motion of the model is completely defined by its positions,
+[1611.520 --> 1617.360]  velocities, and accelerations, the distribution of muscle forces that drive the motion
+[1617.360 --> 1623.360]  is not completely determined. This is because the model, for example, has more muscles than
+[1623.360 --> 1630.080]  degrees of freedom. And so the static optimization tool solves this muscle redundancy problem at
+[1630.080 --> 1635.600]  each time step by computing the muscle activations that generate the necessary joint torques
+[1636.400 --> 1640.560]  and minimize the sum of squared muscle activations for all the muscles in the model.
+[1640.800 --> 1647.760]  So in this demo, we will use static optimization to resolve the joint moments computed earlier
+[1647.760 --> 1654.400]  using inverse dynamics into individual muscle activations and forces. And this will allow us to
+[1654.400 --> 1659.680]  better understand the timing and recruitment of individual muscles in driving the max height jump.
+[1660.800 --> 1664.800]  So let's go ahead and launch the static optimization tool.
+[1664.800 --> 1676.080]  Again, I will load the setup file. I'll go ahead and start running it before I talk through.
+[1676.080 --> 1682.480]  Just because this analysis will take a little bit longer since it's more complex than the IK and IDB
+[1682.480 --> 1690.080]  ran before. So again, we're analyzing the jumper model. Our motion is still the inverse kinematics
+[1690.080 --> 1698.000]  solution. We're using the same six hertz low pass cutoff frequency. Our objective function to
+[1698.000 --> 1703.360]  help resolve the muscle redundancy problem will minimize the sum of squared muscle activations.
+[1704.400 --> 1710.960]  And we will choose to use the muscles force length velocity relation when calculating the results.
+[1710.960 --> 1716.720]  I'm analyzing every two steps to speed it up a little bit, same time range, same output.
+[1717.680 --> 1726.320]  And here again, we're applying the same external loads. And we've also added what we call reserve
+[1726.320 --> 1734.560]  and residual actuators. So these forced generating elements can apply small forces and moments
+[1734.560 --> 1740.160]  to each of the joints in the model and at the models pelvis. And these can account for small
+[1740.160 --> 1746.640]  inconsistencies, for example, between the model and the actual subject or discrepancies between
+[1746.800 --> 1752.080]  ground reaction forces and marker data due to experimental error or they can make up for the fact
+[1752.640 --> 1757.760]  so limitations in our model like we don't have ligaments in this particular model.
+[1758.880 --> 1763.360]  So we're seeing the model move. You saw the model move slowly. It looks like it's done now.
+[1764.960 --> 1768.880]  And the individual muscles changing color from blue to red as they're activated.
+[1770.960 --> 1776.400]  So we see the quads turning on during that counter movement, for example.
+[1777.040 --> 1785.760]  And so the, since we're done, the static optimization problem has been solved for each time frame
+[1785.760 --> 1793.040]  of the experimental data. So we can visualize and playback the motion. Again, sorry, it's a little
+[1793.040 --> 1799.200]  bit jumpy over the webinar format. But you can see by the colors how the muscles are being used in
+[1799.200 --> 1808.960]  the movement. And as for the other tools, we can also plot our results. So this time, I will plot the
+[1810.800 --> 1818.000]  muscle activations. So let me go ahead and make sure I'm loading the right file. So we saved the
+[1818.960 --> 1827.920]  output of static optimization and results. I will plot the activations. And so let's look at
+[1829.680 --> 1841.040]  gluteus maximus, the vast dye and gas drop. And again, I'll plot as a function of time and go
+[1841.040 --> 1848.160]  ahead and add those to the curve. So previous studies have reported that maximum height jumping
+[1848.160 --> 1854.480]  is coordinated from the proximal segments to the distal segments. In our data and model, we see
+[1854.480 --> 1860.880]  that the recruitment of muscles seems to be consistent with this. So first, we have the gluteus
+[1860.880 --> 1867.440]  maximus and red. Excuse me, then the quadricep muscle, the vast dye, which are shown in blue,
+[1868.080 --> 1875.760]  and then the planar flexors, the gas drop in green are recruited. So the, our simplified simulation
+[1875.760 --> 1885.840]  seems to agree with previous results. So this concludes the live demo that we'll do today. So I'll go
+[1885.840 --> 1895.200]  ahead and close OpenSim. I'll leave it open in case there's anything to show later and go back to
+[1895.600 --> 1906.400]  our presentation. Before I do that, I'll make sure there are not any pressing questions. Okay,
+[1906.400 --> 1921.520]  or technical difficulties. Okay, so let's switch back to our slides. Okay, so a quick recap of the
+[1921.520 --> 1928.560]  demo that we did. So we got an overview of OpenSim's GUI. We then used the GUI to analyze motion
+[1928.560 --> 1933.920]  capture data of a subject jumping with the inverse kinematics and dynamics tools and OpenSim's new
+[1933.920 --> 1939.600]  output reporter. Then we used static optimization to solve for muscle activations that generate a
+[1939.600 --> 1945.920]  jumping motion. And we saw how coordination moved from proximal to distal during the jump.
+[1946.880 --> 1951.360]  So one question that you might be thinking and that you should ask about any simulation,
+[1952.080 --> 1958.640]  is it good enough? For example, our model was simplified and we used static optimization,
+[1958.640 --> 1964.800]  which in OpenSim doesn't incorporate tendon compliance. And so one thing we can do to gain
+[1964.800 --> 1970.800]  competences to compare against experimental electromiography data. And here we see a reasonable
+[1970.800 --> 1976.320]  match between the computed activations in black and the measured EMG in gray. But this is just the
+[1976.320 --> 1980.640]  tip of the iceberg and there are many other comparisons you should do to gain confidence in your
+[1980.640 --> 1986.560]  simulations. For example, when running static optimization, I pointed out the residual and reserve
+[1986.560 --> 1991.760]  actuators that we added to the model. You should look at the forces and moments generated by these
+[1991.760 --> 1998.560]  components to make sure it is muscles and not these additional actuators that are dominating the
+[1998.560 --> 2007.520]  movement. You can read our paper from 2015, which is cited here for more discussion and recommendations.
+[2009.280 --> 2015.600]  So to wrap up today, we'll show you how you can get the software and learn more about how to
+[2017.680 --> 2023.360]  use OpenSim in your own research. So one way to learn more about OpenSim and its possibilities is
+[2023.360 --> 2028.480]  by studying the work of others. The example I showed was just one pipeline and a few of the
+[2028.480 --> 2034.000]  types of analyses you can do with OpenSim. There are many other possibilities. So next,
+[2034.000 --> 2037.760]  I'll give a couple of examples of what some other researchers are doing with OpenSim.
+[2038.880 --> 2045.040]  So as the first example, OpenSim is increasingly being used to analyze and aid the design of
+[2045.040 --> 2051.040]  assistive devices. This example starts with a study that was led by Tom Michido while he was
+[2051.040 --> 2057.360]  at Stanford. In a 2016 study, he began with muscle driven simulations of running created by Sam
+[2057.360 --> 2064.160]  Hamner, a former grad student in our lab. He used these simulations and OpenSim's computed muscle
+[2064.160 --> 2069.920]  control to find the optimal torque patterns for an assistive device acting at the hip, knee,
+[2069.920 --> 2076.800]  and ankle. And the goal was to reduce the sum of muscle activation squared while having these
+[2076.800 --> 2084.080]  assistive devices. And Tom discovered several patterns in the torque curves predicted. For example,
+[2084.080 --> 2089.280]  the optimal device profile didn't usually match the joint moments generated by muscles.
+[2090.400 --> 2096.160]  So now switching to the right hand side, Duke Lee and his colleagues at Harvard used this
+[2096.160 --> 2101.680]  discoveries from Tom's simulation study to design, help design, and assistive suit for running.
+[2102.480 --> 2109.280]  So the suit assisted hip extension, the bar plot shows the results, and the key comparison is the
+[2109.280 --> 2116.080]  blue versus red bars. The suit that used a torque profile based on the simulation results led to
+[2116.080 --> 2121.520]  a significantly greater reduction in metabolic rate compared to a torque profile that was just a
+[2121.520 --> 2128.720]  scaled version of the biological moment. So the simulation results improve the performance
+[2129.440 --> 2136.320]  of the assistive device. And this is without extensive and expensive human experiments and device
+[2136.320 --> 2142.560]  situation. So we see this as a big opportunity for biomechanics, in particular simulation-based
+[2142.560 --> 2150.000]  design of assistive devices for running, walking, and also pathological gate. Researchers are also
+[2150.000 --> 2156.560]  using OpenSim to answer clinical questions. So one of these researchers is Marilyn Vanderkrode.
+[2156.560 --> 2160.720]  She's a former visiting scholar and pilot project awardee with the National Center for
+[2160.720 --> 2167.920]  Simulation and Rehab Research. So cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder that leads to a wide
+[2167.920 --> 2173.520]  range of gate pathologies. One contributor to gate pathologies is the muscle spasticity that's
+[2173.520 --> 2180.320]  present in children with CP. Marilyn's research question was highly clinical. The end goals to
+[2180.320 --> 2186.000]  understand how muscle spasticity affects muscle function during walking in children with CP.
+[2186.960 --> 2192.800]  As a first step, they modeled spasticity in OpenSim. They also developed experiments to measure
+[2192.800 --> 2199.200]  spasticity. And in order to accurately simulate the experiments, they extended OpenSim to include a
+[2199.200 --> 2206.640]  spasticity controller. Then they compared the forward simulations with spasticity, that modeled
+[2206.640 --> 2214.640]  spasticity to experimental results from their instrumented spasticity test. And then next,
+[2214.640 --> 2220.640]  the researchers are incorporating the spasticity controller into simulations to understand how muscle
+[2220.640 --> 2229.040]  spasticity affects muscle function during walking. And it's not just humans. OpenSim is also being used
+[2229.040 --> 2234.320]  to simulate and analyze animal movement. So Jeff Rankin and colleagues at the Royal Veterinary
+[2234.320 --> 2240.000]  College created a model of the ostrich lower limb. The researchers generated simulations of running,
+[2240.000 --> 2245.840]  shown in green and walking, shown in yellow in the plot, using the computed muscle control tool in
+[2245.840 --> 2251.280]  OpenSim. For each muscle group, they computed the negative and positive work performed by the
+[2251.280 --> 2256.320]  muscles during stance and swing, where negative works on the left, positives on the right.
+[2257.040 --> 2262.800]  This plot shows the results just for the stance phase. The biomepticular muscles crossing both
+[2262.800 --> 2268.480]  hip and knee perform largely positive work during stance, contributing to propulsion, while the knee
+[2268.480 --> 2276.400]  extensors performed negative work shown here, acting as breaks. So these are just a couple of
+[2276.400 --> 2282.800]  examples. OpenSim is being used for many other purposes. For example, the study injury mechanisms
+[2282.800 --> 2288.480]  or to simulate upper extremity motion. It's always really exciting to see the many other uses of
+[2288.480 --> 2297.360]  OpenSim featured in publications. So we provide a wide range of resources to help researchers get
+[2297.360 --> 2304.640]  started with OpenSim. We have extensive online documentation and this page shows the main portal
+[2304.640 --> 2309.760]  to documentation and support and I'll walk through some of the main sections. So we have this
+[2309.760 --> 2318.000]  getting started section, which includes a link to download the software, a guide to new features,
+[2318.000 --> 2325.680]  a guide to how to install the software. One of the places it links is to simtk.org and this is
+[2325.680 --> 2331.280]  where we post and share the actual software download. We also share our source code via GitHub.
+[2332.000 --> 2337.600]  We welcome others including you to contribute their models or contribute to the code, for example,
+[2337.680 --> 2349.760]  by helping us fix bugs. So we have our documentation. So we have a user's guide for users getting
+[2349.760 --> 2356.560]  started primarily with GUI. We have a guide for and documentation for individuals using
+[2357.440 --> 2366.080]  scripting through MATLAB or Python or developing in C++. We have links to key theory and publications
+[2366.080 --> 2371.440]  and then we have the doxogen, which is additional documentation for developers.
+[2373.360 --> 2379.680]  We provide a number of examples and tutorials ranging from introductory tutorials. If you're
+[2379.680 --> 2384.400]  just getting started to more advanced tutorials that use MATLAB scripting in C++.
+[2385.760 --> 2389.760]  We have troubleshooting. So the forum, which I'll show you a little bit more about on the
+[2389.760 --> 2396.720]  next slide. We have best practices, which includes a link to the validation of verification paper.
+[2396.720 --> 2401.440]  I mentioned earlier, and other best practices from our lab and others, as well as frequently asked
+[2401.440 --> 2408.240]  questions. For troubleshooting, the forum is a great resource so you can get help from the
+[2408.240 --> 2414.800]  Stanford OpenSim team and also the rest of the OpenSim community. And I want to thank anyone in
+[2414.800 --> 2419.440]  the audience who's already asking and also helping us to answer questions as well because
+[2420.000 --> 2428.000]  we really do want this to be a community resource. So you don't have to start from scratch.
+[2428.000 --> 2434.960]  We also provide links to existing models, data and tools, models, data and tools developed by
+[2434.960 --> 2441.520]  our lab and elsewhere. And then we also have our teaching hub, which links to the OpenSim YouTube
+[2441.520 --> 2448.480]  page and then pages from past courses and workshops. For example, here's the YouTube page,
+[2449.280 --> 2458.560]  which hosts videos from past webinars that the NCSRR has run, galleries of examples and more.
+[2460.320 --> 2463.600]  If you want to learn more about the software, you can also check out our recent
+[2464.560 --> 2473.360]  publication in PLOS computational biology as well. To close, before we switch to questions, I want to
+[2473.360 --> 2479.120]  acknowledge the huge team of contributors that make OpenSim possible. Some of the key contributors
+[2479.120 --> 2486.160]  to OpenSim 4.0 from Stanford are shown on this slide. Thank you to them and thank you to everyone
+[2486.160 --> 2492.160]  who gave a feedback and helped with beta testing of the software. It was a true team and community
+[2492.160 --> 2498.480]  effort. OpenSim has been supported by a wide range of grants with a big portion coming from the
+[2498.480 --> 2504.720]  National Institutes of Health in the US, which funds our National Center for Simulation and Rehab Research.
+[2506.480 --> 2514.080]  And with that, I want to thank you all for joining and being flexible and switching the
+[2514.880 --> 2520.880]  hosting platform. And with that, I will go ahead and switch to answering questions.
+[2523.120 --> 2525.280]  Let's see.
+[2528.400 --> 2536.320]  So if you have questions, I know there's both a chat interface and a Q&A interface.
+[2537.040 --> 2544.240]  I'm going to go ahead just to simplify. I will look at the Q&A interface. So if you have a question,
+[2545.120 --> 2549.440]  please answer it in the Q&A or please ask it in the Q&A.
+[2552.160 --> 2554.400]  So I can eat it more easily, keep track.
+[2557.600 --> 2565.680]  All right, so there's a question from Carlos Cohn-Colvase. Apologies if I have mispronounced it.
+[2566.480 --> 2575.840]  Is it possible to convert C3D data with the OpenSim GUI to MOT and TRC files without MATLAB?
+[2576.800 --> 2585.600]  So you can read those in, but getting them into the, so you could read them in and plot them,
+[2586.320 --> 2595.040]  but to do the preprocessing and clean up steps, you generally do need to use MATLAB or the other
+[2595.040 --> 2603.120]  option if you don't have MATLAB is Python, which can help. In the future, we hope to add more tools to
+[2603.120 --> 2613.520]  directly support the manipulations that you need to do in the GUI. Another question, this is from
+[2613.520 --> 2620.000]  Joseph Garrett Sullivan. So recent work from Brian Umburger and Frank Sup has demonstrated promising
+[2620.000 --> 2626.080]  predictive simulations for walking with assistive devices, but their work relied on using direct
+[2626.080 --> 2634.160]  co-location methods. Our co-location methods featured or supported in OpenSim, if not, is support
+[2634.160 --> 2642.880]  for co-location methods planned. And so this is already in the works and should be available
+[2642.880 --> 2651.200]  more widely soon. So we had a workshop at ISB if anyone was there. So it's called OpenSim
+[2651.840 --> 2660.400]  MoCo, and it has direct co-location methods using OpenSim models, examples, and documentation,
+[2661.440 --> 2668.640]  and that should be out sometime this year, hopefully. They initial, at least an initial beta version
+[2668.720 --> 2671.440]  that others can use. So keep an eye out for that.
+[2688.320 --> 2694.160]  So a question from Lex, am I seeing it correctly that you can change the exponent for the static
+[2694.160 --> 2701.520]  optimization objective function? And yes, you can do that. You can just change the exponent,
+[2702.000 --> 2709.680]  the benefit of the OpenSim MoCo, which I was talking about, is that it does support even more
+[2709.680 --> 2717.680]  flexible and varied optimization functions. So that will be something to look out for.
+[2718.160 --> 2727.840]  So a question from this one on. When I try to open some first, I need to import the model,
+[2727.840 --> 2733.520]  and then we need to scale, but I didn't see you scale. I did the scaling ahead of time.
+[2734.160 --> 2740.480]  Scaling is really important, as I mentioned, to get a good scaled version of your model,
+[2740.480 --> 2746.560]  particularly if you're doing inverse dynamics and muscle generated simulations. But it does
+[2746.560 --> 2752.000]  typically take some time and iteration to get a good scaled model, which is why I did it ahead of time.
+[2752.960 --> 2761.280]  In the NCSRR webinar series, we did a webinar just about scaling, and you can find that on the NCSRR
+[2763.360 --> 2768.160]  YouTube page to learn more about the process of scaling and also in our user's guide.
+[2769.120 --> 2772.880]  Let's see.
+[2777.200 --> 2783.680]  So there's a question. Could you briefly describe the difference between using static optimization,
+[2784.800 --> 2790.480]  or our array and computed muscle control, and why I chose static optimization for the demo?
+[2790.640 --> 2801.840]  So static optimization is solving statically at each time step is one difference, so I couldn't
+[2801.840 --> 2811.600]  use the activations to drive a forward simulation, whereas computed muscle control will allow you
+[2811.600 --> 2817.200]  to do that. Computed muscle control also allows you to incorporate tendon compliance, which might
+[2817.520 --> 2820.880]  be important, for example, if you have a higher speed movement like running.
+[2823.200 --> 2831.120]  As far as RRA, this is a good thing to bring up, is so that the RRA step is to help
+[2832.560 --> 2839.200]  reduce the residuals that are applied by making small adjustments to the model in the inverse
+[2839.200 --> 2844.640]  kinematics to essentially help F equal, we need to have F equal MA, and there'll be
+[2845.360 --> 2853.280]  small differences, as I mentioned, between the model and your actual subject, or some error in your
+[2853.280 --> 2862.240]  experimental forces versus marker data. And so with the RRA, we can try to reduce, as I said,
+[2862.240 --> 2868.160]  some of those residual forces that are applied. And it's actually usually helpful to do that before
+[2868.640 --> 2876.160]  running static optimizations when you're running simulations that you're going to use in research.
+[2881.120 --> 2887.040]  So let's see other questions. Apologies I'm sorting and reading through these.
+[2898.320 --> 2906.720]  So I have, there are some questions that I'm seeing just about getting started.
+[2908.720 --> 2915.120]  So places to get started are generally looking at, we have so tutorials 1, 2, and 3 under the
+[2915.120 --> 2921.760]  introductory examples, and reading through the user guide as well. Another thing that can be
+[2921.760 --> 2928.960]  helpful is to look at the NCSRR webinar series, if there are, is research that is similar to
+[2928.960 --> 2935.440]  the type of research that you want to do to check those out. Another exciting thing that's
+[2935.440 --> 2942.000]  happening is that since there are a growing number of experts outside of Stanford in using OpenSim,
+[2942.800 --> 2947.600]  some of those researchers are starting to run introductory tutorials in different locations,
+[2947.600 --> 2955.280]  like for example, Ilsi Youngers and Friedel de Grood have run, and others have run some OpenSim
+[2955.280 --> 2961.920]  tutorials in Europe for the past few years as well. Let's see.
+[2962.480 --> 2980.480]  So there's a question about marker sets. So you can change the details of the marker set to match
+[2980.720 --> 2989.120]  your own. So you can change these, the names for example, these markers and how many there are
+[2991.600 --> 2997.840]  in either associated with your model to customize to your own setup.
+[3011.280 --> 3017.680]  So there was a question on the forces file, so I could go ahead and bring that up and show a little
+[3017.680 --> 3025.360]  bit more detail. Oops, let me go ahead and load the inverse dynamic setup file.
+[3032.240 --> 3037.440]  So here's the file. I had already pre-created it, but you can also create it on your own.
+[3038.320 --> 3044.560]  So you can have, so in this case we have, and this is often the case in gate, we have
+[3046.080 --> 3052.240]  a right and left ground reaction force. The forces data is in this jump forces dot
+[3052.240 --> 3062.480]  mot file. And for each of the force, you can specify the the body that the force should be applied to,
+[3063.120 --> 3069.200]  whether it applies force and or torques, what reference system the forces are expressed in.
+[3070.720 --> 3077.840]  And these drop downs are just specifying the name, like which name in the file, which column
+[3077.840 --> 3087.120]  in the file corresponds to x, y, z. So that's the, and there's more detail in the user's guide as well.
+[3087.120 --> 3097.920]  So we're getting pretty close to 10. I know we started a little late, so I'll take a couple extra
+[3097.920 --> 3107.040]  questions. And then if there are questions that I don't get to, I will either we can send out a
+[3107.040 --> 3114.240]  link to our FAQ section if the questions already addressed there, or can add it if it's not
+[3114.240 --> 3125.120]  already readily available in the FAQ. Let's see.
+[3133.440 --> 3139.680]  There's a question about, I knew based motion capture, and that's something else that
+[3140.560 --> 3144.560]  is in development, and we hope to share soon. So keep an eye out for that.
+[3150.480 --> 3154.320]  There's a question about which programming languages are needed. If you're
+[3155.520 --> 3159.840]  able to just use the tools that are available in the GUI, don't need to know programming.
+[3160.560 --> 3165.120]  If you're trying to do something that isn't readily available in the GUI, there's a lot you can do
+[3165.200 --> 3173.200]  with MATLAB or Python scripting, or if it's, if you're trying to, for example, create a new kind
+[3173.200 --> 3182.480]  of muscle model, then you'd probably need to program in C++. There's a question about accounting
+[3182.480 --> 3190.640]  for, so static optimization models tendons as rigid. That's only true for the static optimization
+[3190.720 --> 3195.520]  analysis if you're generating forward simulations or using the computed muscle control.
+[3196.320 --> 3198.720]  It does include compliance of tendons.
+[3204.800 --> 3214.160]  So I'll go ahead and answer one more question before we go ahead and wrap up.
+[3214.960 --> 3221.760]  So help when we perform a what if study for simulating a perturbation or extreme loadings.
+[3222.720 --> 3228.800]  And for doing those kinds of extreme perturbations, that's typically the case where you need to move
+[3228.800 --> 3235.600]  to a predictive simulation where you're potentially generating a completely new movement.
+[3236.320 --> 3240.720]  And so if you want to learn more about the process for that,
+[3242.960 --> 3249.280]  Thomas Geitenbeek is a researcher in the Netherlands, and he's actually giving a webinar as part
+[3249.280 --> 3257.840]  of our NCSRR webinar series, where he'll talk about a platform called SCOAN, which is designed to aid
+[3257.840 --> 3263.520]  the process of generating predictive simulations where you're not directly trying to follow measured
+[3263.520 --> 3270.160]  experimental motion capture data. So that should be a fun webinar. That's actually next week
+[3271.040 --> 3278.240]  on Thursday. So you can see that on the open sim web page to register for that as well.
+[3279.920 --> 3285.840]  So since we're getting past 10 o'clock, I'm going to go ahead and wrap up the webinar.
+[3286.720 --> 3295.360]  Thank you again to everyone who joined. I will look through the questions and add them to the FAQ
+[3295.360 --> 3301.280]  if they're not there and make sure that we get a link on the YouTube page or perhaps the sun
+[3301.280 --> 3308.720]  could email out a follow-up email as well. So thank you again to everyone for joining.
+[3308.960 --> 3317.360]  And we'll hope to see you again at another webinar, at a conference, or open sim workshop.
+[3318.080 --> 3326.560]  And thank you again. Bye everyone.

transcript/webinar_YLeb6qCEswY.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,1011 @@
+[0.000 --> 20.680]  All right, hello everyone and welcome to the Race Academy.
+[20.680 --> 25.480]  Digital program for the five P's of predictable results.
+[25.480 --> 28.800]  We're just waiting for the last to be in the log on board.
+[28.800 --> 32.000]  We've got enormous amounts of numbers for this topic today.
+[32.000 --> 35.760]  So I'm pleased to see that we've got people from all over the place.
+[35.760 --> 38.280]  I'm just having a look where all you guys are from.
+[38.280 --> 40.720]  Obviously we've got the majority from Australia,
+[40.720 --> 44.160]  but we've got a enormous amount of people here from New Zealand.
+[44.160 --> 45.920]  We've got some people from Canada.
+[45.920 --> 47.840]  Hello and Saudi Arabia.
+[47.840 --> 49.160]  Fantastic.
+[49.160 --> 52.080]  Pakistan, welcome to everyone from Pakistan.
+[52.080 --> 54.520]  Hungry?
+[54.520 --> 56.600]  Malaysia, Japan and Singapore.
+[56.600 --> 59.960]  So we've got quite an international array of people here today.
+[59.960 --> 63.400]  So it's exciting to see.
+[63.400 --> 65.280]  I think we've probably right on the money.
+[65.280 --> 71.320]  So before I jump in and pass you over to our lecture against lecture today,
+[71.320 --> 73.960]  I just want to introduce Dr Jeffrey Hall.
+[73.960 --> 77.760]  For those of you that joined us last time, you'll know of Jepa.
+[77.760 --> 81.920]  I'm pretty sure he's probably well known and renowned across the globe.
+[81.920 --> 84.880]  He's been a dentist since 1983.
+[84.880 --> 87.880]  And all of the dentists from 1990.
+[87.880 --> 89.800]  And for those of you that don't know,
+[89.800 --> 94.520]  Jepa was the first person in the world to do an invisible eye case outside of the US.
+[94.520 --> 96.960]  So he's definitely well-attuned.
+[96.960 --> 103.480]  He's done tens of 10,000 cases, I think, or plus, and counting.
+[103.480 --> 105.400]  He's been an lecturer at Bunch University.
+[105.400 --> 107.800]  And he's the founder of the author, Ed Institute.
+[107.800 --> 113.880]  So he's well positioned today to take us through and lead us in today's
+[113.880 --> 118.680]  technology lecture in regards to five keys of predictable aligner results.
+[118.680 --> 122.440]  So to know further, Edieu, I'll pass you over to Dr Jeffrey Hall.
+[122.440 --> 126.200]  Matt, thank you for your very kind introduction.
+[126.200 --> 132.080]  And thank you, Matt, and Ray Stendell, for inviting me to present another lecture.
+[132.080 --> 139.280]  On a really favorite topic of mine, which is the five keys to predictable aligner results.
+[139.280 --> 143.160]  What you really need to know to make aligner therapy work well.
+[143.160 --> 147.000]  And basically, what many people have been afraid to tell you about.
+[147.000 --> 153.400]  So most of you who I am, so not even going to go through all this now,
+[153.400 --> 156.960]  Matt gave a very kind introduction.
+[156.960 --> 160.480]  So I've been an author, now, for over 30 years.
+[160.480 --> 164.160]  And personally, I've printed over 10,000 patients myself.
+[164.160 --> 167.760]  But I've been involved in aligner therapy now since,
+[167.760 --> 170.920]  I think it was early 2000s, I nearly 20,000,
+[170.920 --> 175.320]  so over 20 years ago now, when I did my first invisible eye case.
+[175.320 --> 179.800]  And I like to do a lot of mist-busting,
+[179.800 --> 182.840]  and I'm going to do a lot of mist-busting even with aligners.
+[182.840 --> 188.000]  And see if we can hone in on the most important facts that you need to know
+[188.000 --> 193.440]  to make your aligner treatment very successful and very predictable.
+[193.440 --> 197.480]  But before we start, a lot of people have asked me,
+[197.480 --> 202.200]  what's the difference between God and an author's?
+[202.200 --> 204.360]  And I was searching through the literature,
+[204.360 --> 211.560]  and realized that the difference is God does not believe is an author's.
+[211.560 --> 216.440]  And I say that quite truthfully, because most of you guys out there are general practitioners.
+[216.440 --> 221.400]  And you hear all the time when you guys can't do orthodontics and center, etc.
+[221.400 --> 223.000]  It's not true.
+[223.000 --> 227.960]  Orthodontics is actually very straightforward if you understand principles.
+[227.960 --> 232.200]  So as it all my lectures, I like to have a key slide.
+[232.200 --> 235.920]  And so this is the most important facts that you need to make sure
+[235.920 --> 239.440]  that you fully understand in the presentation.
+[239.440 --> 245.000]  So, pricin or aligners, this is the question that gets asked all the time.
+[245.000 --> 249.000]  What's the difference between bracing and aligners?
+[249.000 --> 252.560]  And there aren't that many differences, really.
+[253.960 --> 256.600]  We know bracing the fixed on the teeth,
+[256.600 --> 263.800]  and what we have is a sequence of wires that we use when we progress from a light to a heavy to a step of a wire.
+[263.800 --> 265.640]  We use round or rectangle.
+[265.640 --> 268.840]  And basically, they apply a pulling force.
+[268.840 --> 274.840]  So the truth is pulled to the shape of the wire.
+[274.840 --> 279.480]  So the truth is actually pulled to the shape of the wire.
+[279.560 --> 281.800]  A line as we know are removable,
+[281.800 --> 285.560]  and therefore being removable complies is really important.
+[286.280 --> 291.640]  We also know that there's a sequence of different aligners to progressively line the teeth.
+[291.640 --> 295.560]  So basically what we do is we place the aligner over the teeth
+[295.560 --> 297.080]  and the material distorts.
+[297.080 --> 300.040]  So there's this stored energy within the aligner,
+[300.040 --> 305.000]  and that energy gets released because the aligner wants to return to its original shape
+[305.000 --> 308.680]  and bring the teeth along with it to that predetermined position
+[308.680 --> 310.040]  that the aligners been made of.
+[310.040 --> 313.160]  Yet so very, very simple and concept.
+[313.160 --> 317.640]  But the difference is that aligners have a pushing force.
+[320.680 --> 322.200]  So when we look at this,
+[327.000 --> 328.600]  so aligners have a pushing force,
+[330.200 --> 331.960]  and braces have a pulling force.
+[331.960 --> 332.600]  They're once you.
+[333.240 --> 336.760]  And this may sound very, very logical,
+[336.760 --> 340.840]  but it's really important to understand the difference between the two,
+[340.840 --> 344.440]  because that will determine so much the way we manage our cases.
+[344.440 --> 349.480]  So once we start to get the concept, aligners push and braces pull.
+[351.240 --> 355.160]  So as we know, aligners will replace the other teeth,
+[355.720 --> 359.640]  and that material has distorts, what we have, the stored energy.
+[359.720 --> 361.160]  And that energy is released.
+[361.800 --> 364.520]  The aligner wants to return to its original shape,
+[364.520 --> 368.040]  and it brings the teeth along with it to that predetermined position.
+[368.840 --> 374.600]  So what's the most important fact is the better the aligner holds onto the teeth,
+[374.600 --> 376.760]  the more reliable is the teeth move.
+[377.560 --> 379.160]  So that's a key slide.
+[379.160 --> 381.640]  The better the aligner holds onto the teeth,
+[381.640 --> 384.040]  the more reliable is the teeth move.
+[384.440 --> 390.920]  So, are there any bi-mechanical differences between aligners and braces?
+[391.960 --> 394.040]  And I'm going to say, yes, there are.
+[395.000 --> 397.320]  Something that people don't fully understand.
+[398.840 --> 404.040]  So, here we are, where we basically,
+[404.040 --> 406.920]  if we put braces on this patient, for some reason,
+[406.920 --> 409.560]  that we won't go into the incident,
+[409.560 --> 411.800]  but whenever you put braces on a patient,
+[412.600 --> 417.160]  what tends to happen is the bite anteriorly wants to open.
+[417.160 --> 419.960]  Could be because there's extrusion in the posterior teeth.
+[420.760 --> 424.840]  Whatever it be, whenever you talk about braces or fix the pides,
+[424.840 --> 429.080]  there's a tendency for the bite to want to open anteriorly.
+[429.080 --> 433.560]  So before, and we find the bite starts to open anteriorly.
+[433.560 --> 437.240]  So this very often happens with braces.
+[437.480 --> 442.520]  And like I said before, one of our reasons is,
+[442.520 --> 446.920]  we probably get some extrusion of these close-dirty teeth with braces.
+[447.800 --> 452.520]  It can be minimal, but a half a millimeter of posterior extrusion
+[452.520 --> 456.360]  can open the bite anteriorly by one and a half millimeters,
+[456.360 --> 457.960]  could be even two millimeters,
+[457.960 --> 459.880]  depending on the vertical pattern.
+[459.880 --> 464.040]  But there will always be some bite opening with traditional braces.
+[464.440 --> 469.720]  The converse is true with a line of therapy,
+[469.720 --> 471.800]  and a line of therapy for the patient
+[471.800 --> 473.480]  wears significantly.
+[473.480 --> 477.160]  And by that I mean, we've got two pieces of the plastic now
+[477.160 --> 479.240]  between the posterior teeth.
+[479.240 --> 483.320]  So now we have an intrusion effect on those molds.
+[484.200 --> 487.160]  And what we've seen in the past in our treatment
+[487.160 --> 489.880]  is if patients wear the aligners very well in-dead,
+[490.520 --> 493.320]  and let's say the patients have a grinding habit,
+[493.320 --> 497.720]  or what we call a brachypacial and strong posterior musculature,
+[497.720 --> 500.920]  they will actually intrude these posterior teeth even more.
+[501.640 --> 505.400]  So what we see is a situation with a posterior open bite.
+[506.040 --> 509.320]  And this was actually one of my start members
+[509.320 --> 513.800]  that after 25 aligners look at the posterior open bite that's occurred.
+[513.800 --> 516.360]  She was a fantastic wear of the aligners,
+[516.360 --> 521.560]  and it caused posterior intrusion and a deepening of the bite anteriorly.
+[522.440 --> 524.600]  And this is a really important concept,
+[524.600 --> 527.400]  because had we put braces on to this patient,
+[527.400 --> 531.800]  we could have ended up with an anterior open bite.
+[531.800 --> 534.360]  But with aligners, we tend to deepen the bite.
+[534.360 --> 538.920]  And that's probably the big difference between aligners and braces.
+[538.920 --> 541.160]  So braces are great for bite opening.
+[544.280 --> 546.680]  A line is a great to close the bite.
+[548.280 --> 549.560]  And on the converse history,
+[549.560 --> 551.960]  you're going to place with a very deep overbite.
+[551.960 --> 555.080]  A line is going to be very difficult in opening the bite.
+[555.080 --> 557.800]  You're going to be very careful know what you're doing,
+[557.800 --> 560.840]  because the tendency is to intrude the posterior teeth
+[560.840 --> 562.680]  and make the bite deeper anterior.
+[563.720 --> 566.200]  So we can show you case after case,
+[567.400 --> 569.080]  where this case was treated with aligners,
+[569.080 --> 570.760]  and they had three years of aligners.
+[571.480 --> 572.760]  And as a nice result,
+[572.760 --> 575.160]  anteriorly the bite sort of closed down,
+[575.160 --> 577.080]  but because of the long term wear,
+[577.080 --> 579.080]  we see the posterior open bite.
+[579.560 --> 582.600]  And we see that very routinely in patients
+[582.600 --> 585.880]  who have aligners in place for longer than 12 months
+[585.880 --> 587.000]  and are wearing them.
+[587.720 --> 592.760]  So we have five commandments for predictable aligner outcomes.
+[594.040 --> 597.400]  First command, they shall apply the correct attachments
+[597.400 --> 598.760]  based on biomechanics.
+[599.720 --> 600.920]  The second command,
+[601.880 --> 604.760]  they shall create space to allow for efficient
+[604.760 --> 606.200]  and predictable treatment.
+[607.160 --> 608.360]  The third one,
+[608.360 --> 612.280]  they shall plan a line of cases in basically the same way
+[612.280 --> 615.160]  as planning a case involving grace.
+[615.160 --> 620.280]  Our fourth command will predictable aligner outcomes.
+[620.280 --> 623.640]  With my aligner, they shall overtrees.
+[623.640 --> 626.760]  Well, overtreeding trusion, overtreed torque,
+[626.760 --> 629.560]  overtreed tipping, overtreeding expansion.
+[629.560 --> 633.560]  And the fifth command, which is absolutely essential,
+[633.560 --> 634.840]  they're all essential.
+[635.320 --> 637.640]  But the fifth command, which is really up to you
+[637.640 --> 638.920]  from a clinical point of view,
+[640.280 --> 643.160]  they will make sure the aligner is fitting all the time
+[643.160 --> 645.560]  and have both the dentist and patient
+[645.560 --> 647.960]  checking that contact points of free
+[647.960 --> 650.040]  and there is no binding at any time.
+[650.680 --> 653.400]  So let's go through in detail
+[653.400 --> 656.200]  these five commandments of aligner therapy.
+[656.920 --> 659.960]  So the first command is the archival apply
+[659.960 --> 663.000]  the correct attachments based on biomechanics.
+[663.400 --> 665.640]  Now this is not difficult, but you've got to understand
+[665.640 --> 666.680]  what we're talking about.
+[668.520 --> 671.240]  So let's talk about aligner attachments.
+[671.800 --> 674.760]  And it doesn't matter what system you're using.
+[674.760 --> 676.840]  The principal state of the same,
+[676.840 --> 677.720]  whether you want to use it,
+[677.720 --> 678.760]  there's a line you want to use,
+[678.760 --> 679.720]  small stuff,
+[679.720 --> 681.560]  you want to use any aligner system.
+[681.560 --> 682.120]  It doesn't matter.
+[682.120 --> 684.840]  In fact, I would argue that some of the more
+[684.840 --> 687.240]  conventional attachments that we're going to show you
+[687.240 --> 691.160]  are actually better than the storytelling
+[691.240 --> 694.040]  behind some of these attachments you see on the screen.
+[695.240 --> 697.080]  So first question,
+[697.080 --> 700.440]  first point is remember aligners push
+[701.560 --> 702.280]  and what are the,
+[703.160 --> 707.240]  and what attachments do they provide additional service
+[707.240 --> 710.600]  on the two to allow pushing when and if needed.
+[711.720 --> 713.480]  So the question then is big,
+[714.200 --> 717.000]  what, which movements do we need these attachments with?
+[717.160 --> 720.680]  So when we consider attachments,
+[720.680 --> 724.600]  we are making sure that we maximize the service area
+[724.600 --> 726.440]  that we're pushing against.
+[726.440 --> 728.680]  And I use the analogy,
+[728.680 --> 731.320]  you can push something with your fingertip
+[731.320 --> 734.360]  or you can push it with your entire hand.
+[734.360 --> 737.000]  And obviously it's much better if we push it
+[737.000 --> 738.200]  with your entire hand.
+[738.200 --> 741.000]  So we want to maximize that service area.
+[741.000 --> 745.000]  And different types of movements will require different shapes
+[745.000 --> 747.000]  and sizes.
+[747.000 --> 751.000]  And we've got some attachments which we call active attachments
+[751.000 --> 755.000]  and some of what we call more routinely the nature.
+[755.000 --> 757.000]  So principle,
+[757.000 --> 761.000]  the forces should be applied perpendicular
+[761.000 --> 763.000]  to the attachment ever to the service.
+[765.000 --> 767.000]  So we have all these different types of attachments
+[767.000 --> 769.000]  that we can use.
+[769.000 --> 771.000]  We used to have this ellipsoid attachment
+[771.000 --> 773.000]  and it's still been seen today.
+[773.000 --> 775.000]  It is a useless attachment.
+[775.000 --> 777.000]  So we never use that attachment at all.
+[777.000 --> 781.000]  It doesn't give you enough extra service area.
+[781.000 --> 783.000]  It doesn't give us a service to push against.
+[783.000 --> 787.000]  So therefore it doesn't do anything that we need.
+[787.000 --> 789.000]  So we have what we call rectangular attachments.
+[789.000 --> 791.000]  They could be vertical rectangular.
+[791.000 --> 793.000]  They could be horizontal.
+[793.000 --> 795.000]  They could be beveled or non-beveled.
+[795.000 --> 799.000]  But they're basically rectangular in nature.
+[799.000 --> 801.000]  And so here they are.
+[801.000 --> 803.000]  There's a rectangular one.
+[803.000 --> 805.000]  There's a beveled one.
+[805.000 --> 807.000]  You could theoretically use a beveled half-overloid.
+[807.000 --> 809.000]  Regular.
+[809.000 --> 811.000]  All different types.
+[811.000 --> 813.000]  But we're going to speak to mainly the rectangular
+[813.000 --> 815.000]  and mainly the bevel ones.
+[815.000 --> 819.000]  They're the two types of attachments that we use.
+[819.000 --> 821.000]  Probably 99% of the time.
+[821.000 --> 825.000]  So there are all these different types of attachments that you see.
+[825.000 --> 827.000]  Vertical.
+[827.000 --> 829.000]  This is the ellipsoid attachment.
+[829.000 --> 831.000]  It's an ellipsoid attachment.
+[831.000 --> 833.000]  It's an ellipsoid attachment.
+[833.000 --> 835.000]  It does nothing.
+[835.000 --> 837.000]  So when you look at these attachments,
+[837.000 --> 839.000]  you can see that with a service,
+[839.000 --> 843.000]  you want to be using the service to push against.
+[843.000 --> 845.000]  Because the line is word as a pushing text.
+[845.000 --> 849.000]  So keep thinking about pushing.
+[849.000 --> 853.000]  How are you going to design attachments to allow these attachments
+[853.000 --> 855.000]  to push them?
+[855.000 --> 857.000]  So you've got a rectangular attachment
+[857.000 --> 859.000]  and then you've got a beveled attachment.
+[859.000 --> 861.000]  And the beveled attachment will allow
+[861.000 --> 865.000]  a pushable force to occur on the beveled surface.
+[865.000 --> 869.000]  So I've got a much better service to push against here.
+[869.000 --> 871.000]  And in the old days,
+[871.000 --> 873.000]  we used to just use the horizontal attachments.
+[873.000 --> 875.000]  But I'm going to show you
+[875.000 --> 879.000]  the very non-figiving the horizontal attachments.
+[879.000 --> 881.000]  So for example,
+[881.000 --> 883.000]  when we extrude a tool
+[883.000 --> 885.000]  there's nothing for the aligner to grab onto.
+[885.000 --> 887.000]  So how does that tooth extrude?
+[887.000 --> 889.000]  We do something for that aligner to grab onto.
+[889.000 --> 893.000]  One of the great mistakes that we see all the time.
+[893.000 --> 897.000]  And extrusion is not just
+[897.000 --> 899.000]  relying on attachment alone
+[899.000 --> 901.000]  but also proper management.
+[901.000 --> 903.000]  So we have to design
+[903.000 --> 905.000]  the structure of the attachment.
+[905.000 --> 909.000]  So we have to design the structure of the attachment.
+[909.000 --> 911.000]  So we have to design the structure of the attachment.
+[911.000 --> 913.000]  So we have to design
+[913.000 --> 915.000]  the force systems that's going to push
+[915.000 --> 917.000]  rather than the pulling effect.
+[917.000 --> 919.000]  And as I'm going to show you later,
+[919.000 --> 921.000]  we've got to make sure there are no collisions.
+[921.000 --> 923.000]  And sometimes with extrusion,
+[923.000 --> 927.000]  we've got to reduce what we call the velocity of movement.
+[927.000 --> 931.000]  There's no point trying to extrude it too very quickly.
+[931.000 --> 933.000]  And we lose control.
+[933.000 --> 935.000]  We lose control of the aligner within that attachment.
+[935.000 --> 939.000]  So sometimes we're going to slow down the movement of extrusion.
+[939.000 --> 941.000]  So for example,
+[941.000 --> 943.000]  as we extrude to,
+[943.000 --> 945.000]  if the truth collides,
+[945.000 --> 947.000]  it's a constraint in the system.
+[947.000 --> 949.000]  It stops moving.
+[949.000 --> 951.000]  The biggest mistake we make
+[951.000 --> 953.000]  is to go ahead and extrude to
+[953.000 --> 957.000]  or to move any truth that you're going to see.
+[957.000 --> 959.000]  And there's a collision occurring.
+[959.000 --> 961.000]  And you're going to say,
+[961.000 --> 963.000]  we know that because the software tells us
+[963.000 --> 965.000]  that there's a collision there.
+[965.000 --> 967.000]  And the software tells us
+[967.000 --> 969.000]  that we need to do IPR.
+[969.000 --> 971.000]  And I'm going to tell you,
+[971.000 --> 973.000]  that's a load of garbage.
+[973.000 --> 975.000]  There is no software out there
+[975.000 --> 977.000]  which can tell you that.
+[977.000 --> 979.000]  I'll explain to you why later on.
+[979.000 --> 981.000]  They all tell you the story
+[981.000 --> 983.000]  that you do IPR here and here.
+[983.000 --> 985.000]  But it's not true.
+[985.000 --> 987.000]  And this is where the clinical part comes into play.
+[987.000 --> 991.000]  And why we used to have all these mistakes made.
+[991.000 --> 993.000]  But I'm going to show you some really simple ways
+[993.000 --> 995.000]  to keep you in control of this case clinical.
+[995.000 --> 997.000]  Very simple.
+[997.000 --> 1003.000]  And if the teeth do not extrude properly.
+[1003.000 --> 1005.000]  If the teeth don't extrude properly,
+[1005.000 --> 1009.000]  you end up with a lack of fitting
+[1009.000 --> 1011.000]  or what we call lack of tracking here.
+[1011.000 --> 1013.000]  And there's a couple reasons
+[1013.000 --> 1015.000]  why this two has not extrude properly.
+[1015.000 --> 1017.000]  One reason is going to be
+[1017.000 --> 1019.000]  there's probably a constraint in the contact point.
+[1019.000 --> 1021.000]  And the second reason is
+[1021.000 --> 1023.000]  as I'm going to show you,
+[1023.000 --> 1027.000]  this attachment is exactly the wrong attachment units.
+[1027.000 --> 1031.000]  The last thing you want is a vertical attachment here.
+[1031.000 --> 1033.000]  Because what's a pushing on?
+[1033.000 --> 1035.000]  It's only pushing on this little surface here.
+[1035.000 --> 1039.000]  You want an attachment which is a horizontal attachment.
+[1039.000 --> 1041.000]  And you want it to be beveled
+[1041.000 --> 1043.000]  to have a much better surface to push again.
+[1043.000 --> 1045.000]  So start to think about
+[1045.000 --> 1047.000]  the pushing forces required.
+[1047.000 --> 1049.000]  And the constraint in the system.
+[1049.000 --> 1051.000]  So this is what I was talking to you about before.
+[1051.000 --> 1053.000]  About when you have a horizontal attachment.
+[1053.000 --> 1057.000]  And it's built in this is what we call beveled to the inside.
+[1057.000 --> 1059.000]  And if you're going to have a horizontal attachment.
+[1059.000 --> 1061.000]  And let's say it stops tracking.
+[1061.000 --> 1063.000]  It's unforgiving.
+[1063.000 --> 1065.000]  As soon as it stops tracking by a little bit,
+[1065.000 --> 1067.000]  it becomes unforgiving.
+[1067.000 --> 1069.000]  And it's no longer acting.
+[1069.000 --> 1071.000]  And then you have to be able to see
+[1071.000 --> 1073.000]  what's going on.
+[1073.000 --> 1075.000]  And it becomes unforgiving.
+[1075.000 --> 1077.000]  And it's no longer acting.
+[1077.000 --> 1079.000]  At all.
+[1079.000 --> 1081.000]  It's no longer causing that extrusion to occur.
+[1081.000 --> 1085.000]  So what we now find is we now go ahead and do these
+[1085.000 --> 1087.000]  extrusive attachments.
+[1087.000 --> 1089.000]  They are beveled towards the gingerbread.
+[1089.000 --> 1093.000]  Because this way, let's say you have a little bit of a lack of tracking.
+[1093.000 --> 1097.000]  You've still got total contact on the attachment.
+[1097.000 --> 1101.000]  And you still got that force which is perpendicular to the two surface.
+[1101.000 --> 1105.000]  So we find that these horizontal attachments
+[1105.000 --> 1107.000]  to get that extrusive force,
+[1107.000 --> 1111.000]  we are far better to have those beveled towards the gingerbread.
+[1111.000 --> 1115.000]  They're far more forgiving with regards to extrusion.
+[1115.000 --> 1119.000]  So the best way to extrude them too is keeping that force
+[1119.000 --> 1121.000]  perpendicular.
+[1121.000 --> 1127.000]  So sometimes you need to actually move the two to the labial first.
+[1127.000 --> 1131.000]  And then the force is going to be perpendicular.
+[1131.000 --> 1137.000]  So it's going to not only extrude it and but retract it at the same time.
+[1137.000 --> 1143.000]  So sometimes it's to do with the staging of treatment that you need to look at.
+[1143.000 --> 1147.000]  We might have to move the two to the labial first to get a better contact
+[1147.000 --> 1152.000]  of that truth and get better contact of that that of that pushing force
+[1152.000 --> 1155.000]  against the attachment and against the truth.
+[1155.000 --> 1157.000]  And one of the key things with aligners,
+[1157.000 --> 1163.000]  the way they work best is to obtain full surface of coverage.
+[1163.000 --> 1165.000]  The more we can cover the truth,
+[1165.000 --> 1169.000]  the greater our force system is with an aligner.
+[1169.000 --> 1173.000]  So sometimes by pushing the truth out a little bit first,
+[1173.000 --> 1175.000]  what we would call an orthodontic round tripping,
+[1175.000 --> 1179.000]  you can give a better end result with aligner therapy.
+[1179.000 --> 1181.000]  And that's to do with the staging of the treat.
+[1181.000 --> 1185.000]  So if we want to go ahead and intrude to it,
+[1185.000 --> 1191.000]  we also realize that for every force that we put on teeth,
+[1191.000 --> 1193.000]  there has to be an equal opposite force somewhere.
+[1193.000 --> 1199.000]  So we would go ahead and intrude these teeth,
+[1199.000 --> 1201.000]  so we're going to force them anteriorly.
+[1201.000 --> 1204.000]  So but there must be an extrusive force postulate.
+[1204.000 --> 1206.000]  Now if we have no attachments on,
+[1206.000 --> 1208.000]  we have no attachments on here,
+[1209.000 --> 1211.000]  the aligners are just going to come off the teeth.
+[1211.000 --> 1214.000]  And if the aligners come off, there's no intrusive force.
+[1214.000 --> 1218.000]  So we then need to have some type of attachment
+[1218.000 --> 1221.000]  to counteract these extrusive forces.
+[1221.000 --> 1226.000]  And this is where you would just use a retentive type of attachment.
+[1226.000 --> 1229.000]  A horizontal attachment, you don't need a bevel,
+[1229.000 --> 1231.000]  because you're not trying to extrude it,
+[1231.000 --> 1234.000]  you're just using it as a retentive force.
+[1234.000 --> 1240.000]  So you need to have them posteriorly for a retentive force system.
+[1240.000 --> 1244.000]  And if you don't, your intrusion will not work at all.
+[1244.000 --> 1248.000]  So here we are now with our retentive forces,
+[1248.000 --> 1252.000]  our retentive attachments.
+[1252.000 --> 1254.000]  The aligners are going to click over that.
+[1254.000 --> 1258.000]  And now as these top try to intrude,
+[1258.000 --> 1260.000]  as they do intrude,
+[1260.000 --> 1263.000]  the aligners can't come off the posterior teeth.
+[1263.000 --> 1268.000]  Making your intrusion much more effective.
+[1268.000 --> 1272.000]  Because extrusion is a very difficult move to do with the aligners.
+[1272.000 --> 1276.000]  Intrusion is a far easier move to perform with the aligners.
+[1276.000 --> 1280.000]  So here, the most common truth we find
+[1280.000 --> 1284.000]  that doesn't extrude is a lateral size.
+[1284.000 --> 1288.000]  Because while we're here, there's not even an attachment on that too.
+[1288.000 --> 1290.000]  And your question would have been,
+[1290.000 --> 1293.000]  but Jeff, why should I not have put an attachment on it?
+[1293.000 --> 1296.000]  I wasn't even trying to extrude that too.
+[1296.000 --> 1301.000]  But what about if we were trying to intrude the adjacent teeth?
+[1301.000 --> 1304.000]  Where's our reciprocal side effect?
+[1304.000 --> 1308.000]  Our reciprocal side effect would have been on the laterals,
+[1308.000 --> 1313.000]  hence, even if we're not actually planning any movement on the lateral size,
+[1313.000 --> 1317.000]  we have to look at what's happening on adjacent teeth.
+[1317.000 --> 1321.000]  Because if our plan was to intrude the upper centrums,
+[1321.000 --> 1326.000]  we would have needed at least a routine debutation on that upper lateral size.
+[1326.000 --> 1328.000]  And if we don't, this is what happens.
+[1328.000 --> 1331.000]  These teeth actually will end up not tracking at all.
+[1331.000 --> 1333.000]  They will actually intrude.
+[1333.000 --> 1335.000]  And we don't want that to occur.
+[1335.000 --> 1341.000]  And the other problem is we've got to make sure that there's no constraint in the system.
+[1341.000 --> 1343.000]  So,
+[1343.000 --> 1347.000]  what I find quite hysterical is most aligning companies,
+[1347.000 --> 1349.000]  most of them go ahead and say,
+[1349.000 --> 1353.000]  well, we pre-program these attachments here.
+[1353.000 --> 1356.000]  We have these special algorithms which are written.
+[1356.000 --> 1362.000]  So, as soon as you have 0.50 millimeters of extrusion in your plan,
+[1362.000 --> 1364.000]  we're going to put an attachment on.
+[1364.000 --> 1367.000]  But then I'm going to ask you the question,
+[1367.000 --> 1370.000]  what happens if you have 0.49 millimeters of extrusion?
+[1370.000 --> 1375.000]  You won't have an attachment because the algorithm is not written for that.
+[1375.000 --> 1379.000]  This is why you have to have the knowledge and overwrite certain things.
+[1379.000 --> 1384.000]  It could be 0.3 millimeters and you want to be pretty sure that you're going to put an attachment on.
+[1384.000 --> 1387.000]  But you're going to understand what you're doing.
+[1387.000 --> 1389.000]  So, once again, to reiterate,
+[1389.000 --> 1393.000]  these ellipsoid attachments are basically useless.
+[1393.000 --> 1399.000]  And we're going to stick around into the rectangular horizontal rectangular vertical area.
+[1399.000 --> 1403.000]  And we're going to talk about be able to attach them.
+[1403.000 --> 1406.000]  And so, our key principles for attachments,
+[1406.000 --> 1411.000]  visualize how the movement will create a pushing service.
+[1411.000 --> 1414.000]  Consider the reciprocal side effects of the J-C-T.
+[1414.000 --> 1417.000]  So, if your intrusion is occurring on one T,
+[1417.000 --> 1423.000]  reciprocal extrusion and attachment required on a J-C-T.
+[1423.000 --> 1428.000]  Horrous nodular attachments are used for vertical movements.
+[1428.000 --> 1431.000]  So, if I want to extrude a T,
+[1431.000 --> 1433.000]  I'm going to use a horizontal attachment.
+[1433.000 --> 1435.000]  If I want a tip of two,
+[1435.000 --> 1437.000]  I'm going to use a vertical attachment.
+[1437.000 --> 1439.000]  So, remember that principle.
+[1439.000 --> 1440.000]  It's so important.
+[1440.000 --> 1444.000]  So, you saw that patient before where I was extruding that upper right lateral.
+[1444.000 --> 1446.000]  I have a vertical attachment on.
+[1446.000 --> 1449.000]  That's just totally incorrect.
+[1449.000 --> 1454.000]  And don't be afraid to replace or add into attachments.
+[1454.000 --> 1455.000]  Okay?
+[1455.000 --> 1458.000]  So, if you're not the technician who describes it,
+[1458.000 --> 1460.000]  you are the dentist.
+[1460.000 --> 1462.000]  You are the one who charges the case.
+[1462.000 --> 1464.000]  You have got the knowledge.
+[1464.000 --> 1467.000]  So, do not be afraid to override it.
+[1467.000 --> 1468.000]  Okay?
+[1468.000 --> 1470.000]  When we deal with rotation,
+[1470.000 --> 1472.000]  they are really difficult.
+[1472.000 --> 1475.000]  Rotations, especially with curved teeth.
+[1475.000 --> 1478.000]  So, for those of you who have experienced an aligner therapy,
+[1478.000 --> 1481.000]  you're going to tell me rotations can train on.
+[1481.000 --> 1483.000]  Some pre-moles are very difficult.
+[1483.000 --> 1484.000]  Okay?
+[1484.000 --> 1489.000]  And what we're going to talk about here
+[1489.000 --> 1492.000]  is we can change the attachments if you want.
+[1492.000 --> 1494.000]  So, we can actually,
+[1494.000 --> 1496.000]  we don't have to always have a horizontal vertical.
+[1496.000 --> 1499.000]  We can change it into an angle attachment.
+[1499.000 --> 1502.000]  This is what we call the the session attachment.
+[1502.000 --> 1506.000]  And the nice thing about that is it captures two different pictures of the force.
+[1506.000 --> 1510.000]  And we can rotate, tip, and extrude at the same time.
+[1510.000 --> 1519.000]  So, the upper lateral incisors root family intrude.
+[1519.000 --> 1521.000]  People have done a lot of aligner cases.
+[1521.000 --> 1524.000]  So, hey, you've got to probably not pull up the lateral incisors.
+[1524.000 --> 1525.000]  Always.
+[1525.000 --> 1526.000]  They'll intrude.
+[1526.000 --> 1531.000]  It could be because you have a good attachment on this small teeth.
+[1531.000 --> 1533.000]  They tend to be squeezed out.
+[1533.000 --> 1538.000]  So, to me, I always, always place an attachment on the lateral incisor.
+[1538.000 --> 1543.000]  Every time they, and I mean they're going to place a horizontal attachment
+[1543.000 --> 1550.000]  or a session attachment to try and keep the lateral incisor from intruding and being squeezed out.
+[1550.000 --> 1553.000]  When we talk about rotation,
+[1553.000 --> 1556.000]  what we want to do, remember,
+[1556.000 --> 1560.000]  we want to push, we're going to push, we're going to push.
+[1560.000 --> 1563.000]  And always make sure there are no inter-possible collisions.
+[1563.000 --> 1567.000]  So, when we're looking at rotation on a curved teeth,
+[1567.000 --> 1573.000]  I basically say to myself, I'm going to place the attachments behind the center of resistance.
+[1573.000 --> 1576.000]  So, I don't place it here. I sit all the time.
+[1576.000 --> 1579.000]  I want to place a distance to the center of resistance of the teeth.
+[1579.000 --> 1584.000]  And I'm trying to push to rotate that tooth.
+[1584.000 --> 1586.000]  So, this is where the center of resistance is.
+[1586.000 --> 1589.000]  And I'm going to be pushing to rotate that tooth.
+[1589.000 --> 1592.000]  So, my beveled surface should be here.
+[1592.000 --> 1594.000]  It shouldn't be here. It should be here.
+[1594.000 --> 1599.000]  So, I'm pushing against the beveled surface.
+[1599.000 --> 1602.000]  And I've got to make sure there's no constraint.
+[1602.000 --> 1605.000]  Because if there's a constraint, this is not going to rotate.
+[1605.000 --> 1608.000]  So, I'm going to need to do my IPR as well.
+[1608.000 --> 1611.000]  And we'll talk about that in a few minutes.
+[1611.000 --> 1613.000]  So, here we are.
+[1613.000 --> 1614.000]  When.
+[1614.000 --> 1618.000]  Always have your beveled surface. Remember, it's a pushing force.
+[1618.000 --> 1621.000]  So, consider the main move of the tooth that you're doing
+[1621.000 --> 1625.000]  and select the attachment accordingly.
+[1625.000 --> 1630.000]  Visualize the direction of movement and create a pushing surface.
+[1630.000 --> 1633.000]  And this is why I kept on saying right beginning.
+[1633.000 --> 1636.000]  Remember, you are pushing with a lines.
+[1636.000 --> 1639.000]  Horizontal attachments are for vertical movements.
+[1639.000 --> 1643.000]  Vertical attachments are for horizontal movements.
+[1643.000 --> 1647.000]  And consider the reciprocal side effects on the adjacent teeth.
+[1647.000 --> 1650.000]  And use supportive or attentive attachments as needed.
+[1650.000 --> 1653.000]  So, for example, if we're intruding anterior teeth,
+[1653.000 --> 1661.000]  we need supportive, attentive attachments on the posterior teeth.
+[1661.000 --> 1664.000]  Don't tip your toe around attachments.
+[1664.000 --> 1667.000]  That's the best advice I can give you.
+[1667.000 --> 1671.000]  Don't be scared to change them around.
+[1671.000 --> 1676.000]  People only provide adequate increase if you put on the correct attachments.
+[1677.000 --> 1681.000]  And this is the next part, which is so important.
+[1681.000 --> 1686.000]  They also create space to allow for efficient and predictable to improve.
+[1686.000 --> 1691.000]  So, we need to get full exposure of the tooth.
+[1691.000 --> 1694.000]  And this is what we do with brackets, etc.
+[1694.000 --> 1697.000]  We do the full surface of the tooth exposed.
+[1697.000 --> 1699.000]  So, the alignment can capture it.
+[1699.000 --> 1705.000]  And we've got to get as much aligner material around the mesial and distance width of that tooth
+[1705.000 --> 1708.000]  to be the best force system.
+[1708.000 --> 1716.000]  So, our aligner material should fully encompass the tooth.
+[1716.000 --> 1719.000]  Buckle will be really mesial and distance width.
+[1719.000 --> 1722.000]  Because if we can fully encompass the tooth,
+[1722.000 --> 1726.000]  we've got what we call two equal and opposite forces.
+[1726.000 --> 1731.000]  And the greater the distance between the forces, the greater the cupping.
+[1732.000 --> 1741.000]  So, the more we can capture the tooth, the better rotation control and the better the tip control.
+[1741.000 --> 1743.000]  So, this is the key.
+[1743.000 --> 1754.000]  In our aligner setups, we want to make sure that we stage it properly to be able to get sufficient aligner material around the tooth.
+[1754.000 --> 1756.000]  And remember, though,
+[1756.000 --> 1761.000]  the material teeth that are rotated require space to align them.
+[1761.000 --> 1766.000]  So, a tooth like this, we require space to align them.
+[1766.000 --> 1770.000]  Because otherwise, there's a constraint in the system.
+[1770.000 --> 1776.000]  And when we do cross-section, we can see how we've got binding a cure.
+[1776.000 --> 1779.000]  We've got binding a cure.
+[1779.000 --> 1785.000]  And so, whenever teeth are rotated, we require space to align.
+[1785.000 --> 1788.000]  And not be any binding.
+[1788.000 --> 1791.000]  So, we either have to do IPR,
+[1791.000 --> 1796.000]  or we've got to find a way of gaining space in the center before we do rotate.
+[1796.000 --> 1798.000]  In other words, we round trip.
+[1798.000 --> 1803.000]  We bring the incisors forward, be able to encapsulate entire tooth.
+[1803.000 --> 1808.000]  And then we can do our rotation direction, etc.
+[1808.000 --> 1812.000]  So, here, this looks fantastic.
+[1812.000 --> 1816.000]  But we need to make sure there's no binding a cure.
+[1816.000 --> 1818.000]  Now, what's going to happen here?
+[1818.000 --> 1823.000]  And what's going to happen here is your aligner system is going to say,
+[1823.000 --> 1827.000]  you need to do, you need to do 1 millimeter of IPR.
+[1827.000 --> 1829.000]  And everybody tells me this,
+[1829.000 --> 1831.000]  but my aligner system tells me that.
+[1831.000 --> 1834.000]  That is absolute garbage.
+[1834.000 --> 1837.000]  Because the way the algorithms are written,
+[1837.000 --> 1841.000]  that's based on the fact that you've done five milliliters of expansion,
+[1841.000 --> 1846.000]  whatever it's been, what happens if you only get two millimeters of expansion?
+[1846.000 --> 1851.000]  If you do that, you're not getting in with the space you need for your entirely.
+[1851.000 --> 1856.000]  So, it's the numbers that you are told about the amount of IPR
+[1856.000 --> 1862.000]  is based on 100% of the movements in your setup that doesn't happen.
+[1862.000 --> 1867.000]  We know that you're lucky to get 50% of the expected movements.
+[1867.000 --> 1870.000]  Hence, this is why we need to over direct as well.
+[1870.000 --> 1874.000]  So, you need to have a clinical guide to say,
+[1874.000 --> 1876.000]  do I need to do IPR?
+[1876.000 --> 1879.000]  And in our practice, every time the patient comes,
+[1879.000 --> 1881.000]  we go ahead and we floss the teeth.
+[1881.000 --> 1883.000]  If there's any binding of the floss,
+[1883.000 --> 1886.000]  anybody wants to have a, we do IPR.
+[1886.000 --> 1889.000]  We don't even care what it says on the,
+[1889.000 --> 1893.000]  on the clinch check with a digital setup where the IPR is.
+[1893.000 --> 1895.000]  We are going to look at a clinical point of view.
+[1895.000 --> 1899.000]  The biggest mistake we make is when you have binding a cure.
+[1899.000 --> 1905.000]  And we've even got to the stage now where we give our patients a IPR strength.
+[1905.000 --> 1907.000]  And we tell them, if your feelings start,
+[1907.000 --> 1912.000]  go ahead and do a little IPR and make sure there's no binding cure.
+[1912.000 --> 1917.000]  Once you do that, you, your clinical results, again,
+[1917.000 --> 1920.000]  improve 90 by 90% straight away.
+[1920.000 --> 1928.000]  Because you might see episode no IPR there on your, on your digital setup.
+[1928.000 --> 1931.000]  And trust me, there will be a lot of IPR needed.
+[1931.000 --> 1934.000]  So IPR is an important part of the line of therapy,
+[1934.000 --> 1937.000]  because we need to create space to leave you out of the crowding.
+[1937.000 --> 1940.000]  And we have to reduce in binding,
+[1940.000 --> 1942.000]  or what we call, you know, a failure,
+[1942.000 --> 1945.000]  and constrain the system.
+[1945.000 --> 1949.000]  So, IPR, if tight contact pressure,
+[1949.000 --> 1951.000]  we do it even if it wasn't prescribed.
+[1951.000 --> 1957.000]  We check between the teeth at crowded areas with floss of each visit.
+[1957.000 --> 1960.000]  Software, and the other part is the software.
+[1960.000 --> 1964.000]  Most software all allows for a minimal collision to occur.
+[1964.000 --> 1969.000]  So you can't rely the software to tell you that you need to do IPR.
+[1969.000 --> 1974.000]  And most of the reasons, due to insufficient expression of movements,
+[1974.000 --> 1977.000]  like expansion, proclamation of teeth,
+[1977.000 --> 1981.000]  because those movements have an occurred, and trust me, they don't occur.
+[1981.000 --> 1984.000]  You will end up with a situation.
+[1984.000 --> 1987.000]  You will end up with a situation where you need to do more,
+[1987.000 --> 1991.000]  but IPR than what is prescribed in your digital setup.
+[1991.000 --> 1994.000]  And if you don't have the space,
+[1994.000 --> 1996.000]  the teeth are going to intrude,
+[1996.000 --> 1998.000]  because it causes a constraint,
+[1998.000 --> 2000.000]  and these teeth are going to move in,
+[2000.000 --> 2002.000]  and it's going to cause a squeeze of it.
+[2002.000 --> 2006.000]  This is what we see so routinely on upper lateral sizing.
+[2006.000 --> 2009.000]  It's been the bug bear of us for 15 years.
+[2009.000 --> 2012.000]  Hence, every lateral size,
+[2012.000 --> 2015.000]  an attachment now in my practice,
+[2015.000 --> 2019.000]  and we've got sufficient movement.
+[2019.000 --> 2023.000]  So, with IPR, you've got to make it simple.
+[2023.000 --> 2025.000]  We've got a stage of properly.
+[2025.000 --> 2028.000]  We've got to make it clinically efficient.
+[2028.000 --> 2030.000]  So stage it for appointments,
+[2030.000 --> 2032.000]  when you're going to see the patient,
+[2032.000 --> 2035.000]  a level I see IPR has said 3 points.
+[2035.000 --> 2037.000]  2 on the line of 1.
+[2037.000 --> 2039.000]  3 on the line of 2.
+[2039.000 --> 2042.000]  You're not going to keep the patient coming back all the time.
+[2042.000 --> 2045.000]  So I get the technicians to group it
+[2045.000 --> 2049.000]  to all the, how much do I need to do for a line of 6?
+[2049.000 --> 2051.000]  How much do I need to do for a line of 12?
+[2051.000 --> 2055.000]  So it's grouped at the same time as I've seen the patient.
+[2055.000 --> 2058.000]  And sometimes we ask around tripping,
+[2058.000 --> 2061.000]  bringing sizes forward to gain the space,
+[2061.000 --> 2064.000]  and then we can accomplish the movements required,
+[2064.000 --> 2066.000]  and we can retract the IPR.
+[2066.000 --> 2070.000]  For example, we ran tripping,
+[2070.000 --> 2072.000]  by bringing the teeth forward,
+[2072.000 --> 2075.000]  we can now encapsulate the entire surface,
+[2075.000 --> 2079.000]  and we've got better access for the IPR as well.
+[2079.000 --> 2081.000]  So when they're forward like this,
+[2081.000 --> 2084.000]  we can do the IPR far more efficiently
+[2084.000 --> 2087.000]  than we can when they're very forward.
+[2087.000 --> 2091.000]  So sometimes it's worthwhile doing ran tripping.
+[2091.000 --> 2093.000]  So we can do the IPR,
+[2093.000 --> 2097.000]  but I will be doing it clinically,
+[2097.000 --> 2101.000]  and every time I see them based on,
+[2101.000 --> 2104.000]  and they've got tight contact points,
+[2104.000 --> 2110.000]  which is based on my clinical judgment using the floss.
+[2110.000 --> 2113.000]  And if you see here,
+[2113.000 --> 2115.000]  the upper left central is rotating.
+[2115.000 --> 2118.000]  We're going to need to do some IPR here,
+[2118.000 --> 2122.000]  because we know anterior teeth require extra space for a line of 6.
+[2122.000 --> 2124.000]  So that's a pretty picture.
+[2124.000 --> 2126.000]  It's the staging, which is important.
+[2126.000 --> 2129.000]  So when we look at Bridget comes in,
+[2129.000 --> 2132.000]  and Bridget's got a fair bit of crowding of the teeth,
+[2132.000 --> 2136.000]  this is great, because we've got crowded teeth,
+[2136.000 --> 2139.000]  and all the principles that I've just told you about,
+[2139.000 --> 2143.000]  we can go ahead and use the IPG.
+[2143.000 --> 2145.000]  Now this is a perfect,
+[2145.000 --> 2147.000]  we still have a bit of a black triangle,
+[2147.000 --> 2149.000]  but this is a bit of a black triangle.
+[2149.000 --> 2153.000]  But this was done with, I think, 30 aligners,
+[2153.000 --> 2156.000]  it took us seven months to treat them,
+[2156.000 --> 2158.000]  seven and a half months,
+[2158.000 --> 2160.000]  because we're now using aligners
+[2160.000 --> 2163.000]  on a wet change on wetly base.
+[2163.000 --> 2165.000]  So here we are finished in seven months.
+[2165.000 --> 2167.000]  That's not bad for a lot of theory.
+[2167.000 --> 2170.000]  You can start to see a little bit of that posterior open bite
+[2170.000 --> 2173.000]  that we talked about.
+[2173.000 --> 2177.000]  And we basically want to look at when we plan a case.
+[2178.000 --> 2181.000]  You can, the more knowledge you have in orthodox,
+[2181.000 --> 2185.000]  the bigger, because we want to plan a case in very similar way
+[2185.000 --> 2187.000]  there, how we plan for braces,
+[2187.000 --> 2190.000]  for itself, indeed bite cases,
+[2190.000 --> 2194.000]  when we do this with braces,
+[2194.000 --> 2200.000]  we go ahead and we use like a reverse curve of speed wire,
+[2200.000 --> 2205.000]  and we over-correct.
+[2206.000 --> 2207.000]  That's what we plan.
+[2207.000 --> 2210.000]  So we put this wire in which has this reverse curve.
+[2210.000 --> 2213.000]  It's not to say that's the way that's the way it's going to end up,
+[2213.000 --> 2215.000]  but if we don't over-correct it,
+[2215.000 --> 2219.000]  we won't give in when we near it.
+[2219.000 --> 2220.000]  And that's us,
+[2220.000 --> 2223.000]  and what we do in our fixed braces now,
+[2223.000 --> 2228.000]  we put five turbos on to help open the bite.
+[2228.000 --> 2230.000]  So the point that I'm trying to get at is,
+[2230.000 --> 2233.000]  why should that be any different to what we do
+[2234.000 --> 2237.000]  with a line of therapy?
+[2237.000 --> 2240.000]  Because a line is just a force system.
+[2240.000 --> 2242.000]  So what we want to do with a line of therapy
+[2242.000 --> 2245.000]  is actually over-correct.
+[2245.000 --> 2250.000]  We want to actually show the digital setup looking like this.
+[2250.000 --> 2252.000]  That's not to say that's where it's going to end up,
+[2252.000 --> 2255.000]  but that's where we want the setup to show us.
+[2255.000 --> 2257.000]  So it ends up in the right position.
+[2257.000 --> 2260.000]  This is the experience factor that we talked about.
+[2261.000 --> 2263.000]  So we can go ahead and intrude the teeth,
+[2263.000 --> 2265.000]  but we want to over-correct it.
+[2265.000 --> 2267.000]  And remember, whenever we intrude teeth with the line,
+[2267.000 --> 2271.000]  we need retentive attachments post-euroly.
+[2271.000 --> 2274.000]  And they are horizontal attachments.
+[2274.000 --> 2277.000]  We've gone through that before.
+[2277.000 --> 2279.000]  So we have intrusey pores,
+[2279.000 --> 2281.000]  but we're going to over-correct.
+[2281.000 --> 2283.000]  And in deep bite cases,
+[2283.000 --> 2287.000]  we correct to at least a two-millimeter anterior open bite.
+[2287.000 --> 2289.000]  So when I do the setup,
+[2289.000 --> 2290.000]  I want to set it like this,
+[2290.000 --> 2294.000]  even another two-millimeter of an anterior open bite.
+[2294.000 --> 2298.000]  I will over-correct it, always.
+[2298.000 --> 2301.000]  And we remove the constraints.
+[2301.000 --> 2304.000]  So in our fixed appliance therapy,
+[2304.000 --> 2306.000]  we will go ahead and put bite-to-to-bozen
+[2306.000 --> 2310.000]  because the problem when you've got two pieces of plastic
+[2310.000 --> 2313.000]  is you're going to get intrusion of the place directly.
+[2313.000 --> 2315.000]  And if you want to avoid that,
+[2315.000 --> 2318.000]  which we do in deep bite cases obviously,
+[2318.000 --> 2324.000]  we're going to go ahead and put something like bite-to-bozen,
+[2324.000 --> 2327.000]  and we do that in our liners.
+[2327.000 --> 2331.000]  And by doing that, we no longer have the posteriority
+[2331.000 --> 2333.000]  including together.
+[2333.000 --> 2337.000]  And that will save that intrusion that's been our bugbear
+[2337.000 --> 2339.000]  for the last 15 years.
+[2339.000 --> 2341.000]  The intrusion of the posterior teeth.
+[2341.000 --> 2344.000]  Deep bite cases, you've got to think about what do we do
+[2344.000 --> 2346.000]  into big sprays in.
+[2346.000 --> 2348.000]  So you still have to understand
+[2348.000 --> 2350.000]  dying those to treat and clean them and issue
+[2350.000 --> 2353.000]  if you want to get the best results.
+[2353.000 --> 2356.000]  So for example, this later comes in
+[2356.000 --> 2358.000]  and we've got a pretty deep bite.
+[2358.000 --> 2360.000]  Now, if we didn't do bite-to-bozen,
+[2360.000 --> 2364.000]  etc, we would never be able to open that bite properly.
+[2364.000 --> 2367.000]  So once again, with all the principles that I told you,
+[2367.000 --> 2369.000]  we would intrude at the uppers,
+[2369.000 --> 2372.000]  and we intruded the lowers at the same time,
+[2372.000 --> 2374.000]  we would have retinuted,
+[2374.000 --> 2377.000]  compote our retinuted attachments on the posteriori.
+[2377.000 --> 2379.000]  We would have overcorrected,
+[2379.000 --> 2382.000]  we would have put our virtual bite-to-bozen anteriori
+[2382.000 --> 2386.000]  and we ended up with this result in about nine and a half months.
+[2386.000 --> 2390.000]  And that's not a bad result with plastic.
+[2390.000 --> 2395.000]  And then we need to understand that we have to overcorrect
+[2395.000 --> 2398.000]  because all the studies have shown
+[2398.000 --> 2402.000]  that there is not a great deal of predictability
+[2402.000 --> 2404.000]  with a lighter movement,
+[2404.000 --> 2407.000]  30% predictability with extrusion,
+[2407.000 --> 2409.000]  just normalization of molars is only predictable
+[2409.000 --> 2411.000]  for up to two millimetres.
+[2411.000 --> 2415.000]  And when we talk about transverse expansion,
+[2415.000 --> 2419.000]  only three quarters of what we program in do we get?
+[2419.000 --> 2421.000]  We talk about premolar derotation,
+[2421.000 --> 2424.000]  only 39% predictable.
+[2424.000 --> 2426.000]  So they're not that predictable,
+[2426.000 --> 2432.000]  so we have to go ahead and overcorrect.
+[2432.000 --> 2435.000]  So we talked about deep bites.
+[2435.000 --> 2437.000]  In deep bites, we overcorrected,
+[2437.000 --> 2440.000]  to give you at least a three millimetre anteriori open bite.
+[2440.000 --> 2444.000]  So that's what we would do in a deep bite setup.
+[2444.000 --> 2446.000]  In an open bite setup,
+[2446.000 --> 2449.000]  we could actually provide a posterior open bite
+[2449.000 --> 2453.000]  and we overcorrected by giving that three or four millimetres
+[2453.000 --> 2456.000]  of anteriori open bite.
+[2456.000 --> 2459.000]  So everything we do, we are going to overcorrect.
+[2459.000 --> 2461.000]  We overcorrect with regards to expansion
+[2461.000 --> 2463.000]  by that two millimetres per side
+[2463.000 --> 2468.000]  because we never get everything that we want to get.
+[2468.000 --> 2470.000]  We overcorrected our talk.
+[2470.000 --> 2473.000]  So we overcorrect by two degrees
+[2473.000 --> 2476.000]  for every five degrees of torque that's required.
+[2476.000 --> 2479.000]  So we can figure out how much torque we've got
+[2479.000 --> 2481.000]  and we're going to overcorrect.
+[2481.000 --> 2484.000]  So if we want 10 degrees of torque,
+[2484.000 --> 2488.000]  we're actually going to put 14 degrees of torque into that setup.
+[2488.000 --> 2489.000]  Okay?
+[2489.000 --> 2492.000]  And then for a clinical point of view to finish off,
+[2492.000 --> 2496.000]  you guys have to make sure your aligners are fitting.
+[2496.000 --> 2500.000]  So if they're not fitting, that's our problem.
+[2500.000 --> 2504.000]  But if they are fitting, we know everything is proceeding very well.
+[2504.000 --> 2506.000]  This was the case we showed before.
+[2506.000 --> 2508.000]  The lateral size is not extruding.
+[2508.000 --> 2510.000]  Why? There was no attachment.
+[2510.000 --> 2514.000]  So the first part of it is getting the right digital setup.
+[2514.000 --> 2517.000]  That's the most important thing getting the right plan.
+[2517.000 --> 2520.000]  Making sure there are no constraints in the system.
+[2520.000 --> 2522.000]  That's the most important part.
+[2522.000 --> 2527.000]  But the clinical part for you is to have number two,
+[2527.000 --> 2530.000]  the good tracking, the perfect fit.
+[2530.000 --> 2533.000]  And the key to this is check compliance.
+[2533.000 --> 2535.000]  Check the contact points.
+[2535.000 --> 2537.000]  Very rarely there's a defect in your liner.
+[2537.000 --> 2540.000]  But if you check the contact points each time they come in,
+[2540.000 --> 2542.000]  and you check it with floss,
+[2542.000 --> 2546.000]  and there's no binding, then I can safely say to you,
+[2546.000 --> 2548.000]  if you've got the right setup,
+[2548.000 --> 2551.000]  that you're cases are going to track perfectly well.
+[2551.000 --> 2552.000]  Okay?
+[2552.000 --> 2553.000]  This is what you need to do.
+[2553.000 --> 2557.000]  This is what you need to instruct your patients to do at home.
+[2557.000 --> 2559.000]  Check with floss.
+[2559.000 --> 2563.000]  If there's any binding, get them to come in and just go in with a yellow IPR
+[2563.000 --> 2565.000]  and reduce the binding.
+[2565.000 --> 2567.000]  And if they're not fitting properly,
+[2567.000 --> 2570.000]  go back and find the aligner that does fit
+[2570.000 --> 2573.000]  and use the Chewies Delft, see that?
+[2573.000 --> 2575.000]  If only one tooth is not fitting,
+[2575.000 --> 2577.000]  and you're getting very close to the end,
+[2577.000 --> 2580.000]  consider resolving it in the Refinement stage.
+[2580.000 --> 2584.000]  They'll just keep going and will resolve that one tooth in the Refinement stage.
+[2584.000 --> 2589.000]  And today, if you're doing everything right, clinical in the right setup,
+[2589.000 --> 2593.000]  the best approach is just to do a case Refinement to enter in.
+[2593.000 --> 2595.000]  But these are the Chewies.
+[2595.000 --> 2596.000]  These are bunches.
+[2596.000 --> 2597.000]  These work very well.
+[2597.000 --> 2598.000]  They're a bit more expensive.
+[2598.000 --> 2600.000]  If you're doing everything we just use the Chewies,
+[2600.000 --> 2602.000]  if you're doing everything else,
+[2602.000 --> 2603.000]  and you're doing your IPR,
+[2603.000 --> 2606.000]  and you've got the right setup, this is all you need.
+[2606.000 --> 2608.000]  I love this case,
+[2608.000 --> 2610.000]  because this is one of my first cases,
+[2610.000 --> 2612.000]  where the patients wanted aligners,
+[2612.000 --> 2614.000]  and we were extruding the teeth,
+[2614.000 --> 2616.000]  and we didn't have it right.
+[2616.000 --> 2618.000]  We didn't have the right attachments.
+[2618.000 --> 2620.000]  We had the velocity was too great.
+[2620.000 --> 2622.000]  Now we're going to be putting the last installed
+[2622.000 --> 2625.000]  rather than some trial and re-tructures.
+[2625.000 --> 2630.000]  Here's the patient wanting a really nice aesthetic system
+[2630.000 --> 2632.000]  being visualized,
+[2632.000 --> 2634.000]  and we've got all this stuff going.
+[2634.000 --> 2635.000]  It's the only way to fix it.
+[2635.000 --> 2639.000]  How do I know what I know today that would never have happened?
+[2639.000 --> 2641.000]  So on that note,
+[2641.000 --> 2644.000]  we actually do have an aligner course coming up in November.
+[2644.000 --> 2647.000]  So we've just given you the very, very little basics
+[2647.000 --> 2649.000]  of what we've talked about,
+[2649.000 --> 2651.000]  and we can talk about all of this stuff.
+[2651.000 --> 2653.000]  How we do setup, etc.
+[2653.000 --> 2654.000]  We can do all that.
+[2654.000 --> 2657.000]  So it's unfortunately going to be online now.
+[2657.000 --> 2660.000]  It's going to be live stream because of the COVID.
+[2660.000 --> 2663.000]  Next year, we've got a three-day course in Melbourne Brisbane,
+[2663.000 --> 2667.000]  and we've also got advanced courses if you're interested.
+[2667.000 --> 2669.000]  And you've got an online record version.
+[2669.000 --> 2672.000]  So if you want to know more about aligners,
+[2672.000 --> 2675.000]  and I know racing about two words there of line of products,
+[2675.000 --> 2678.000]  which from what I've heard sounds really exciting,
+[2678.000 --> 2683.000]  and probably the most cost-effective aligner system of the market.
+[2683.000 --> 2685.000]  It was about time that someone has come out
+[2685.000 --> 2688.000]  with something more cost-effective than what we've had.
+[2688.000 --> 2689.000]  So I congratulate racing.
+[2689.000 --> 2692.000]  I'm sure that'll be out in the very near future for you guys.
+[2692.000 --> 2694.000]  But the principles don't change.
+[2694.000 --> 2696.000]  Everything I've talked to you about,
+[2696.000 --> 2699.000]  the attachments and the staging and everything else,
+[2699.000 --> 2701.000]  is really, really important.
+[2701.000 --> 2705.000]  Down the track, if you're interested in having helped with planning of treatment
+[2706.000 --> 2708.000]  because that's a big belief in mine,
+[2708.000 --> 2711.000]  we actually have a special training planning service dedicated
+[2711.000 --> 2713.000]  to the liners that we call Caps.
+[2713.000 --> 2715.000]  So I'm happy to talk to you about that.
+[2715.000 --> 2721.000]  And my personal feeling is the more understanding of all the dotics,
+[2721.000 --> 2724.000]  the more successful you'll be with the liners.
+[2724.000 --> 2726.000]  But if you've got the right people behind you,
+[2726.000 --> 2729.000]  we can do a lot of the training for you.
+[2729.000 --> 2732.000]  Have the right team vision through the setup, understanding it.
+[2732.000 --> 2734.000]  You can get some great results.
+[2735.000 --> 2737.000]  But the more you understand orthodontic,
+[2737.000 --> 2740.000]  the more alignment treatment is easier and more predictable.
+[2740.000 --> 2742.000]  So on that note,
+[2743.000 --> 2746.000]  we'll talk to you about the Mini Masters program later,
+[2746.000 --> 2748.000]  but you guys are much more interested in the liners.
+[2748.000 --> 2754.000]  But the only thing I want to say here is race is organised to sponsor
+[2754.000 --> 2756.000]  the orthoentraining program.
+[2756.000 --> 2760.000]  And they have a deal where if you do our orthoentraining program,
+[2761.000 --> 2763.000]  you can get I think it's over three and a half thousand dollars
+[2763.000 --> 2765.000]  worth of race dollar credits.
+[2765.000 --> 2768.000]  So speak to race, they can give you the details.
+[2768.000 --> 2771.000]  It's a great offer that race is doing.
+[2771.000 --> 2773.000]  And they can give you all the information
+[2773.000 --> 2775.000]  if you want to learn some more.
+[2775.000 --> 2777.000]  Go through race,
+[2777.000 --> 2780.000]  get your lab credits, etc, etc.
+[2780.000 --> 2784.000]  So on that note, I'm also happy at any time just to do a no obligation.
+[2784.000 --> 2788.000]  Just call with you just to see what floats you boat.
+[2788.000 --> 2789.000]  What are you interested in?
+[2789.000 --> 2790.000]  And at the end of the day,
+[2790.000 --> 2794.000]  I want to make sure that we can deliver on providing you with what you want
+[2794.000 --> 2797.000]  because last two short.
+[2797.000 --> 2801.000]  So I don't want to bring you into a course and it's not for you.
+[2801.000 --> 2802.000]  In vice versa.
+[2802.000 --> 2805.000]  So happy to spend 45 minutes and just talk about it.
+[2805.000 --> 2808.000]  And if you're doing cases, happy to talk about those as well.
+[2808.000 --> 2809.000]  I don't mind.
+[2809.000 --> 2811.000]  So on that note, I'm just on time.
+[2811.000 --> 2813.000]  I'm happy to take some questions.
+[2813.000 --> 2816.000]  We've run through a lot of stuff very quickly,
+[2816.000 --> 2821.000]  but it was hopefully a good overview of the essential things to look at
+[2821.000 --> 2826.000]  for what I see as common mistakes that are made by dentists
+[2826.000 --> 2827.000]  in the line of therapy.
+[2827.000 --> 2832.000]  Hopefully we've addressed the five most common ones.
+[2832.000 --> 2837.000]  Yeah, look Jeff, thank you very much for what is a comprehensive,
+[2837.000 --> 2841.000]  but simplified approach to liners and straightening teeth.
+[2841.000 --> 2844.000]  There's no doubt your knowledge is unsurpassed.
+[2844.000 --> 2850.000]  Thank you for taking the time to come here and share your knowledge with our team.
+[2850.000 --> 2856.000]  The sheer abundance in numbers and registrations for this course shows the support
+[2856.000 --> 2860.000]  you have and the knowledge that you bring to the table.
+[2860.000 --> 2862.000]  That, I thank you.
+[2862.000 --> 2864.000]  We have a bunch of questions here.
+[2864.000 --> 2866.000]  I was hoping I could run past you.
+[2866.000 --> 2869.000]  David Amali asked an excellent question.
+[2869.000 --> 2872.000]  Would you ever place lingle or palatal attachments?
+[2872.000 --> 2874.000]  That's a really good question.
+[2874.000 --> 2882.000]  For example, when we do the bike, we would actually have them in the setup
+[2882.000 --> 2885.000]  and we wouldn't actually bond them on.
+[2885.000 --> 2891.000]  I would put them on, but I do it very sparingly because it becomes really a comfortable situation.
+[2891.000 --> 2897.000]  I try to avoid it, but it could be very useful sometimes with teeth that are in crossbow
+[2897.000 --> 2900.000]  and I want to add some different torque.
+[2900.000 --> 2902.000]  I can put different attachments on.
+[2902.000 --> 2906.000]  David, you're never saying never, never say always.
+[2906.000 --> 2910.000]  I would certainly, I probably extraction pastes.
+[2910.000 --> 2914.000]  I might add palatal attachments as well.
+[2914.000 --> 2919.000]  I'd say it would only be in that five percent of my cases that I've ever done.
+[2919.000 --> 2924.000]  It's definitely an option, but it's just very uncomfortable for the patient.
+[2924.000 --> 2927.000]  Especially when they take out their liners to reach.
+[2927.000 --> 2931.000]  I try to avoid as much as possible in that point of view.
+[2931.000 --> 2936.000]  That Smithy has asked what attachment type would you suggest for upriding
+[2936.000 --> 2943.000]  and measly tipped lower molar to implant placement and is this a hard movement?
+[2943.000 --> 2945.000]  That's a really good question.
+[2945.000 --> 2950.000]  As I was exploring, once again, let's talk about principally.
+[2950.000 --> 2954.000]  We're going to use horizontal attachments for vertical movements and vertical attachments
+[2954.000 --> 2957.000]  for horizontal movements.
+[2957.000 --> 2960.000]  What you're asking that is a horizontal movement.
+[2960.000 --> 2961.000]  You need to do a tipping.
+[2961.000 --> 2969.000]  I would have the longest possible attachment on that molar to do so.
+[2969.000 --> 2973.000]  Now, how easy is it to move that foot?
+[2973.000 --> 2976.000]  It depends if you're able to straighten with the second molar.
+[2976.000 --> 2979.000]  Because the second molar is there, that's going to be more difficult.
+[2979.000 --> 2983.000]  I might need to upright the second molar as well as the first molar.
+[2983.000 --> 2986.000]  Then we've got to look at one of the reciprocal forces.
+[2986.000 --> 2991.000]  As I upright those, I'm going to cause some intrusion of the anterior stingling.
+[2991.000 --> 2993.000]  It might lead to retinquent attachments.
+[2993.000 --> 2996.000]  You'd have to look at a case by case.
+[2996.000 --> 3000.000]  Firstly, it would typically be a vertical attachment.
+[3000.000 --> 3002.000]  I think that will go without saying.
+[3002.000 --> 3005.000]  It could even be a session attachment.
+[3005.000 --> 3010.000]  We're at 45 degrees, horizontal attachment,
+[3010.000 --> 3015.000]  to get both the extrusion of the thing that you might know here,
+[3015.000 --> 3018.000]  as well as the tipping of things.
+[3018.000 --> 3020.000]  I'd have to look at a case by case.
+[3020.000 --> 3024.000]  I've been careful of the constraint with the second molar.
+[3024.000 --> 3029.000]  That's what's probably going to affect you as to the predictability of it.
+[3029.000 --> 3032.000]  We've got an abundance of questions here.
+[3032.000 --> 3035.000]  We're a little low on time, Jeff.
+[3035.000 --> 3039.000]  I apologize to everyone who sent all these questions through.
+[3039.000 --> 3043.000]  It's a great opportunity to jump on board the ortho-ed institute
+[3043.000 --> 3047.000]  and sign up to get those questions answered in entirety.
+[3047.000 --> 3051.000]  But there's one here, Jeff, I was hoping to ask,
+[3051.000 --> 3056.000]  can we achieve the same result with the line as they can be achieved with races?
+[3056.000 --> 3058.000]  That's a really interesting question.
+[3058.000 --> 3063.000]  My partner Martin, my orthodontic business partner Martin,
+[3063.000 --> 3068.000]  he does about 400 cases near with the line as to his case of art breed.
+[3068.000 --> 3073.000]  He couldn't tell the difference between a line as a race.
+[3073.000 --> 3076.000]  If you know what you're doing, yes, you can.
+[3076.000 --> 3080.000]  The problem with a line as is, there can be a little bit unforgiving yet.
+[3080.000 --> 3083.000]  If something doesn't go right, you've got to restart the case with everything.
+[3083.000 --> 3086.000]  But in principle, if you know what you're doing,
+[3086.000 --> 3092.000]  there's very few cases that you can't do with a line of therapy.
+[3092.000 --> 3095.000]  So to answer that, Jeff, in a short answer,
+[3095.000 --> 3099.000]  I think the next 10 years as things improved,
+[3099.000 --> 3103.000]  a line as a game to be maybe 60% of orthodontics,
+[3103.000 --> 3107.000]  I don't think that some people say they're going to take over 100% on that blood-egg.
+[3107.000 --> 3108.000]  Okay?
+[3108.000 --> 3110.000]  Because of cooperation, et cetera.
+[3110.000 --> 3113.000]  But I think they're going to increase significantly.
+[3113.000 --> 3115.000]  And with that knowledge, yeah, it's interesting.
+[3115.000 --> 3118.000]  Five years ago, I want to sit on a line as a terrible.
+[3118.000 --> 3121.000]  And the last five years, the bi-mechanics,
+[3121.000 --> 3123.000]  the knowledge that we've got has really picked up.
+[3123.000 --> 3129.000]  And now it's a really, really good option for lots of patients.
+[3129.000 --> 3131.000]  Look, that's fantastic.
+[3131.000 --> 3133.000]  Again, look, there is abundance of more questions.
+[3133.000 --> 3137.000]  I do apologize for not getting to those due to time restraints.
+[3137.000 --> 3141.000]  But look, race aligners will be coming shortly.
+[3141.000 --> 3142.000]  So watch this space.
+[3142.000 --> 3144.000]  Jeff's input has been integral into that product.
+[3144.000 --> 3148.000]  So if anyone has further questions, feel free to contact customer support,
+[3148.000 --> 3152.000]  who will talk you through how that's going and how that's tracking.
+[3152.000 --> 3157.000]  Again, consider author-word and get your information direct from the source.
+[3157.000 --> 3166.000]  But again, I'd just like to thank you, Jeff, your knowledge and in simplifying what we thought was mythically difficult.
+[3166.000 --> 3171.000]  And in no way do I mean too easy, but your education and your explanation,
+[3171.000 --> 3173.000]  no doubt, we'll help our clinicians.
+[3173.000 --> 3177.000]  And I'm looking forward to being a part of growing, of this growing area.
+[3177.000 --> 3179.000]  So again, thank you very much.
+[3179.000 --> 3182.000]  I thank you to all of our people who have signed on.
+[3182.000 --> 3186.000]  It's been enormous amounts of people across nine countries.
+[3186.000 --> 3188.000]  So again, thank you for your time.
+[3188.000 --> 3192.000]  I look forward to seeing you during the next race academy.
+[3192.000 --> 3196.000]  And Jeff, is there anything you'd like to leave us on prior to departure?
+[3196.000 --> 3200.000]  Oh, I would like to say once again, thank you, thank you Matt.
+[3200.000 --> 3205.000]  Really, look out for the race aligner system because my discussion with Matt and Brad
+[3205.000 --> 3213.000]  have been such that I really think they've nailed what the market really needs,
+[3213.000 --> 3217.000]  which is a really good cost-effective aligner system.
+[3217.000 --> 3224.000]  And I think you might have the solution to what everybody really wants.
+[3224.000 --> 3228.000]  So I'm really looking forward to seeing it go absolutely market.
+[3228.000 --> 3229.000]  Yeah, thank you.
+[3229.000 --> 3233.000]  And thanks to our business development director as well, Carly McVitch,
+[3233.000 --> 3240.000]  who's not at it, put the Academy together, but who's driving this with our data analysis and research and development team.
+[3240.000 --> 3241.000]  So again, thank you, Jeff.
+[3241.000 --> 3243.000]  And I thank you all for attending.
+[3243.000 --> 3246.000]  We hope to see you soon at the next race academy at live webinar series.
+[3246.000 --> 3247.000]  Thank you all for your time.
+[3247.000 --> 3248.000]  Thank you.
+[3263.000 --> 3268.000]  Music

transcript/webinar_Zsff4ufJb8s.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+[0.000 --> 7.440]  So my passion for body language is already for over 20 years because I had a hearing problem
+[7.440 --> 13.520]  when I was young. And on the way, Kasha and I found each other and we fit very well together,
+[13.520 --> 18.960]  not only in love, but also in our intention to inspire others to build happier lives.
+[18.960 --> 25.040]  And it was funny that we met on the business meeting for the first time. So it was very interesting,
+[25.040 --> 32.240]  business meeting and quite long. And in meantime, we trained thousands of people in this fascinating
+[32.240 --> 37.520]  science of body language and micro expressions and we'd love to do key notes and corporate trainings
+[37.520 --> 43.360]  and one of our quality Marxists that we peer every month on TV and in press with analyze of
+[43.360 --> 51.040]  politicians and public figures just like Robert Fibs in the UK. And we've also certified trainers
+[51.040 --> 56.720]  in embellishment, and there are other who give trainings about body language at our center for
+[56.720 --> 63.680]  body language. And one of the things that we are unique in the world in is the micro expression
+[63.680 --> 70.240]  training videos, which is the lonely tool in the world, which teaches you how to see micro expressions
+[70.240 --> 78.080]  thanks to videos. Now, maybe you're curious what are micro expressions? Micro expressions and you
+[78.080 --> 86.960]  can see now on your screen a slow motion movement on the Kasha's face are movements of facial
+[86.960 --> 94.400]  muscles that are shorter than half a second. So they're very very very quick. And you might have
+[94.400 --> 100.000]  the impression from various TV series that they are proof of flying. Well, they are not. There
+[100.080 --> 108.320]  is not a single sign of lies that is definitely 100% a sign of a lie. There are only deception
+[108.320 --> 115.120]  clues just like Robert explained. And because micro expressions are signals of emotions that are
+[115.120 --> 121.840]  one of the most reliable, maybe even the most reliable signs to detect lies. And what's also
+[121.840 --> 129.680]  useful about them is that all micro expressions, the seven basic ones that we cover are the same
+[129.680 --> 138.000]  in every single culture. So where you are in the US, in the UK, in Belgium, or in Japan, right now
+[138.640 --> 146.160]  you show as a human the seven basic facial expressions, micro expressions in exactly the same way.
+[146.640 --> 154.640]  So that's great. But what are the advantages of knowing how to read micro expressions?
+[156.160 --> 164.400]  Well, the fact is that people don't say what they really think or feel. And that's why micro expressions
+[164.400 --> 172.320]  are useful for people who are in sales, negotiations. If somebody wants to sell a house or buy a house,
+[172.320 --> 177.440]  which is quite a large investment, you can see on that person's face where that house is
+[178.960 --> 186.960]  okay or not okay or too expensive or maybe it's a good deal. Very useful for HR managers to see
+[186.960 --> 194.880]  the candidates lie or not for coaches or trainers to see emotions on their clients face and to get
+[194.880 --> 201.600]  deeper in their belief system. And obviously, Glena knows that. It's very useful for police agents
+[201.680 --> 209.200]  advocates and judges. And I also to get closer contact with people and to understand more
+[209.920 --> 215.760]  the relationship and the deeper side, the deeper level of the relationship. And even in our case,
+[215.760 --> 224.800]  it was interesting at the beginning of our relationship with Patrick that I remember when we,
+[225.440 --> 232.720]  when I disagree with Patrick at the beginning, I was always smiling. And Patrick for the first time,
+[232.720 --> 239.280]  he didn't recognize that I'm angry. But later on when he just tried to detect my micro expression,
+[239.840 --> 247.280]  it was it appeared clear that there was anger masked by smile. So it's very useful also for
+[247.280 --> 252.080]  their relationship. But you need to look deeper and sometimes it's even more difficult when you
+[252.080 --> 260.720]  are closer with somebody. And yes. And that's why micro expressions can be very useful because
+[260.720 --> 267.440]  have a look at this sentence. Yes, the correct punctuation can save a person's life actually here.
+[267.440 --> 275.200]  This is only the comma that it's changing. Let's eat grandpa or let's eat grandpa. And it's the
+[275.200 --> 281.440]  same with micro expressions when you know how to recognize micro expression. Sometimes it's changing
+[281.680 --> 290.480]  the whole meaning of the sentence. So micro expressions reveal the real meaning of what you hear.
+[291.280 --> 296.560]  And we have yes, we have some examples. For example, those are sentence, I'm afraid we don't have
+[296.560 --> 303.520]  the budget right now. You can hear the sentence on the business meeting. And depending on a micro expression,
+[303.520 --> 313.440]  you can read different things from the sentence. For example, here if I would be showing sadness
+[313.440 --> 323.200]  at the beginning. So that's true. I would like to do this project right now, but we don't have
+[323.200 --> 330.800]  a budget. So I'm in congruent. I'm congruent with what I'm saying. And if it would be
+[334.240 --> 341.200]  if it would be at the end, what then? So this is contempt. It will have totally different meaning
+[341.200 --> 347.760]  because in this case, actually, I would be a Patrick would be happy that we don't have
+[347.760 --> 353.360]  budgets right now because we don't like the proposal. Maybe for some people to clarify contempt, contempt
+[353.360 --> 361.920]  is the same as feeling superior, feeling better than somebody else. So here you see myself doing
+[361.920 --> 369.120]  contempt and saying, I'm afraid I don't have the budget right now, but actually I'm feeling
+[369.120 --> 374.880]  better than the other person. So I'm not really meaning that sentence. Let's have a look at another
+[375.840 --> 381.520]  example. If somebody says, I'm sorry for what happened yesterday. Is this a lie or is it
+[381.520 --> 386.640]  is it the truth? Well, it depends on the micro expressions you see or not see. So if you see the
+[386.640 --> 391.920]  micro expression of sadness at the beginning of the sentence that comes first before the world.
+[391.920 --> 397.520]  So probably this is true because first I feel the emotion and they I'm saying it.
+[397.520 --> 402.960]  Yeah, that's what Robert talked about the when you say it and then when you see the micro expression,
+[402.960 --> 407.280]  that's important because if you see it later on then it's completely different.
+[407.760 --> 413.520]  And in this case it's first time saying it and then I'm trying to feel it. So it comes a little
+[413.520 --> 418.560]  bit later. Yeah, because you realize, oh, I'm saying I'm sorry. So I have to look sorry.
+[421.840 --> 430.240]  So well, depending on where you see the micro expression, it's the truth or not. And then let's
+[430.240 --> 435.440]  have a look at this example. Actually, it could be the same with the end of the sentence that the
+[435.440 --> 441.600]  person feels superior. So probably he's not sorry about what happened yesterday. He's just saying it,
+[441.600 --> 450.320]  but he doesn't mean it. Yeah, exactly. So how can you read micro expressions? Let's have a look
+[450.320 --> 459.840]  at three of them. Three that are easy to spot. This is disgust. What happens is with disgust is that
+[459.840 --> 469.520]  one tries to block their only factory ways. Imagine that you open the fridge and that you take out
+[470.240 --> 476.240]  a cheese that's been there for four weeks and it's completely green. Imagine you do that right now
+[476.240 --> 488.320]  and make that face yourself. It's really disgusting, right? That cheese. So your upper lip goes up higher
+[488.320 --> 498.880]  to block the what comes into your nose. And this is what makes your nose wrinkle a little bit.
+[498.880 --> 505.120]  So you see wrinkles around the nose. And this is a very reliable way to see disgust on somebody's
+[505.120 --> 514.320]  face because disgust will always shown wrinkles around the nose. Now, if you think that it's always
+[514.320 --> 523.520]  like that. Well, it's it's it's not always like that because on these pictures, you see that tennis
+[523.520 --> 530.960]  players can also show this gust. Well, no, that's a joke actually. Tennis players cannot show this
+[530.960 --> 539.920]  gust. This is just an expression of effort. And and scientists share has analyzed this carefully
+[539.920 --> 546.320]  and concluded that however you see the action unit number 10 muscle movement here, which is
+[546.320 --> 555.040]  responsible for an impression of disgust. This is not disgust. So in other words,
+[557.520 --> 565.520]  disgust shows always wrinkles around the nose, but wrinkles around the nose don't always show
+[565.520 --> 576.000]  disgust. In other words, also, if you see this on your partner's face, well, before you go
+[576.000 --> 584.400]  see that relationship code because she shows disgust on her face, well, better have a good
+[584.400 --> 590.960]  interpretation before you interpret that as real. So it's really important to know how to make
+[590.960 --> 599.120]  that difference between micro expression that is correct and one that is something that looks like.
+[600.720 --> 606.560]  And it's useful to have some training about that definite. But it's also useful is to know
+[606.560 --> 614.240]  how happiness looks like. Obviously, happiness usually looks like this, a big smile. But this is not
+[614.240 --> 622.160]  a micro expression. This is a macro expression, really a big one because it usually takes longer
+[622.160 --> 630.000]  than half a second a smile like this. But if you have both sides of the lips that go up in only half
+[630.000 --> 637.520]  a second of time, well, then this is a micro expression of happiness. And this can be useful
+[637.600 --> 645.120]  when I'm talking with Kasha and I'm asking her, shall we stay this evening at home or shall we
+[645.120 --> 653.200]  meet some friends or shall we go watch a movie? And when I see both of her lips go up while say
+[653.200 --> 661.840]  let's go for a movie, then I know her answer nonverbally. And this can be very useful in sales meetings,
+[661.840 --> 667.200]  business meetings, HR interviews and so on. See where somebody's really happy or not.
+[668.880 --> 676.800]  Contempt, as I said before, is a feeling of being better, feeling superior than somebody else.
+[677.360 --> 684.160]  And this you can see on somebody's face when just one of the lip corners is raised. So it's half
+[684.160 --> 694.800]  a smile. And now it's time for you for a quiz. And raise your hand if you think that this
+[694.800 --> 702.640]  expression is correct, that this expression is true. A true expression of superiority of content
+[702.640 --> 711.760]  is always on one side of the face is always asymmetric. Raise your hand if you think it's true.
+[714.960 --> 725.440]  All right, very good. I will lower all hands. And now raise your hand if you think that the statement
+[725.440 --> 741.200]  is false. While it's approximately half half a little it's more thing that the statement is false.
+[741.680 --> 748.560]  Well, actually the statement is true. A true expression of content is always asymmetrical,
+[748.560 --> 757.440]  is always shown as a half smile. This is why it's useful and it's very easy actually to learn
+[757.440 --> 762.480]  those micro expressions to make a difference and know exactly what they mean.
+[762.480 --> 772.400]  There's also interesting that we can distinguish negative and positive micro expressions on
+[772.400 --> 781.280]  the subconscious level. There was research with the EMG procedure, so with electrodes on your face
+[781.280 --> 787.840]  that were detecting your facial muscle movements. And in the same time, it was shown to people
+[788.640 --> 793.200]  on the very quick speed, different micro expressions. So it was under the level of
+[795.200 --> 800.640]  consciousness. And what was discovered that we can distinguish when the micro expression is
+[800.640 --> 806.960]  negative and when is it positive? So this is a very interesting conclusion that when you meet
+[806.960 --> 812.880]  somebody for the first time, you can already answer the question if you like this person or not
+[812.960 --> 819.920]  based on micro expressions. Yeah, and then what's useful for you? This statement is actually just for fun
+[819.920 --> 826.320]  because macro expressions has nothing to do with beauty. So this statement is false. However,
+[826.320 --> 832.320]  I can testify from my own experience that when I met Kasha for the first time, I wasn't so focused
+[832.320 --> 836.720]  at her micro expressions. Actually, what were you looking at? In my eyes.
+[837.360 --> 844.320]  All right. So you were looking at your eyes mainly.
+[844.320 --> 851.440]  And you were even talking about my eyes. Exactly. So this is a question for you. I'll lower
+[851.440 --> 858.880]  first all hands. What do you think about this statement? Is it true or false? Raise your hand if
+[858.880 --> 864.800]  you think it's true that you can predict the outcome of a marriage based on micro expressions.
+[866.800 --> 876.240]  Okay. Good. I'll lower all hands. And now everybody who thinks that this statement is false, raise your hand.
+[884.080 --> 894.560]  Again, this is half, half with a slightly preference for false. Well, this statement is true
+[894.640 --> 902.160]  because scientist Gottman has conducted a study in 94 on married couples. And it concluded that
+[902.160 --> 908.640]  there is a correlation between the chance on a divorce and the amount of micro expressions
+[908.640 --> 916.000]  of content or disgust shown between the partners. You haven't seen any correlation between
+[916.640 --> 923.760]  divorce or a possibility for divorce and anger. What you would intuitively think, but only one
+[924.240 --> 930.880]  between contempt, disgust and the possibility of divorce. So the conclusion for this is that
+[930.880 --> 938.480]  it's the criticism that destroys the marriage, not anger. So because it creates a barrier between
+[938.480 --> 945.440]  people. And there is another conclusion. If you see disgust on your partner's face, you need
+[945.440 --> 952.800]  urgently to see a relationship, coach, both of you, preferably. How can you use micro expression
+[952.880 --> 961.600]  to spot liars? Well, some might think that the polygraph is more reliable than a judgment based
+[961.600 --> 967.600]  on micro expressions to detect lies. Well, there's been a lot of studies about this topic, but there
+[967.600 --> 978.320]  is actually none until today that can answer this question correctly. So why? Well, the accuracy
+[978.400 --> 983.680]  of a judgment if somebody lies or not, where it's based on the polygraph or micro expressions
+[983.680 --> 991.680]  depends largely on who is making the judgment. And especially how much experience this person has
+[991.680 --> 998.880]  in detecting lies. So when making interpretations, there are very many factors taken to accounts.
+[999.520 --> 1007.440]  And let's exercise this on a few pictures and cases. This is again a question for you. Have a
+[1007.440 --> 1014.720]  look at this micro expression, at this facial expression of this candidate. And if you see this
+[1015.360 --> 1021.600]  micro expression on a candidate's face, while that candidate is speaking about her success in her
+[1021.600 --> 1027.760]  previous job, raise your hand if you think that she's lying about it in her CV.
+[1030.800 --> 1035.680]  So raise your hand if you think that she was not so successful.
+[1038.400 --> 1046.720]  Okay, very good. Now raise your hand if you think that she tells the truth. She has been very successful.
+[1053.760 --> 1062.720]  Okay, a slight majority thinks that this is true, that she lies about her CV. Well, actually,
+[1062.800 --> 1069.520]  it's false. She speaks the truth. She soars the micro expression of happiness
+[1070.240 --> 1076.320]  because she's happy about her success. So if she would show another micro expression, for example,
+[1076.320 --> 1083.840]  one of fear, that would mean that she was not so successful and she is fearful to talk about. But in
+[1083.840 --> 1091.120]  this case, the micro expression, the body language, is the same as what you hear in the words,
+[1091.120 --> 1097.600]  so probably this is true. Okay, very good. Now, an earning quiz and an earning question for you.
+[1098.960 --> 1102.320]  If a candidate says that he really likes doing sales,
+[1103.600 --> 1108.720]  sales calls and shows this micro expression, what do you think about that? Is he telling the truth?
+[1110.160 --> 1115.280]  Raise your hand if you think that he's telling the truth that he likes to do sales calls.
+[1115.360 --> 1127.520]  10% of you think that this is true. Now, everybody thinks this is false. Raise your hand. Who thinks
+[1127.520 --> 1133.840]  that this is false? He does not like to do sales. Okay, right. You got a lesson from before,
+[1133.840 --> 1142.800]  what you see here is clearly disgust. So yes, he does not like, so no, he does not like to do sales
+[1143.360 --> 1149.120]  obviously because he's disgusted by sales calls. That's what you see in half a second in the facial
+[1149.120 --> 1155.280]  expression of this person. And this is important that in this case, you see that he's lying
+[1156.160 --> 1160.800]  and you see that in congruence between his words and his body language. Yes, and that's why we've
+[1160.800 --> 1166.800]  developed a body language congruency model, which helps you to make a difference when it's just
+[1167.520 --> 1173.680]  a conversational signal you've seen the facial expressions and a real micro expression that
+[1173.680 --> 1183.920]  is a sign of deception. Now, what might be interesting also is that micro expressions performed
+[1183.920 --> 1190.560]  on purpose are asymmetrical. They are different on one side of the face than on the other side of
+[1190.560 --> 1196.400]  the face. And this is research that Eckman chose a figure and then well as Freason have published
+[1196.480 --> 1205.040]  in 81 in in psychopsychology magazine. And because when we show micro expressions spontaneously,
+[1206.000 --> 1213.120]  we just react with our emotions with our body and they are activated by the autonomous nervous
+[1213.120 --> 1220.400]  system, the lower parts of the brain. When we are acting, when performing micro expressions on
+[1220.400 --> 1226.400]  purpose, it's the upper parts of our brain that that process is information. And that's why
+[1226.400 --> 1234.160]  they appear more asymmetrical. They look less natural. So micro expressions not only the signs
+[1234.160 --> 1240.000]  itself, but how they are shown on the face can give you clues about whether somebody's telling
+[1240.000 --> 1246.400]  truth or not. Let's have a look at some more cases and about I guess five or ten minutes,
+[1246.480 --> 1249.360]  I think it's time for the questions from your side.
+[1250.720 --> 1256.000]  Question for you, if a salesperson is announcing the prize while showing this micro expression,
+[1256.800 --> 1261.840]  you mind and not pain too much. Raise your hand if you think it's true.
+[1268.960 --> 1274.960]  Okay, very good. Most of you that think that they will end up pain too much, very good because
+[1274.960 --> 1281.360]  this is content, this is superiority and indeed is happy that you'll be able to charge you a higher
+[1281.360 --> 1292.000]  price. Let's keep that one because we don't have much time. And however this is, let's have a look at
+[1292.000 --> 1300.080]  this one. What we can just, yeah, we can just briefly sum it up. So if you see this micro expression on
+[1300.080 --> 1308.000]  somebody's face, this is one of sadness and your partner is coming back from shopping and she has
+[1308.000 --> 1313.680]  sadness of the owner face. She's sad because she probably spent a lot of money on a new dress.
+[1313.680 --> 1321.040]  This is speculation. This is speculation. Now you can see also sadness on your partner's face when
+[1321.040 --> 1327.840]  he is coming back from shopping, electronic gadgets. And in this case, it's a different case,
+[1327.840 --> 1334.080]  a different context. The same micro expression of sadness has this different meaning. He probably
+[1334.080 --> 1339.760]  spent a lot of money on buying new electronic gadgets. That's why he's sad. And that's why it's
+[1339.760 --> 1348.640]  important to set a baseline before any analysis because the bottleneck, which is only 80% correct
+[1348.640 --> 1355.600]  and sometimes it could be that the person means something else. It could be that he said because of
+[1355.600 --> 1360.240]  totalitarianism and you need to also take this under your consideration.
+[1361.760 --> 1368.400]  Now let's have a look at the lessons learned. From this webinar, you know that this is a micro
+[1368.400 --> 1376.640]  expression of contempt of superiority, one side of the lips raised. This is one of disgust.
+[1376.640 --> 1382.800]  When you see this on somebody's face for half a second even, that person is disgusted. They don't
+[1382.880 --> 1389.600]  like the door, what they hear, what they see. And when you see this briefly speaking, that person
+[1389.600 --> 1394.880]  is happy. Happy about what they hear, about what they are saying.
+[1396.640 --> 1403.120]  Now these micro expressions, they are very, very, very quick. They flash in just half a second
+[1403.120 --> 1412.640]  on somebody's face and to learn to distinguish them from daily life in conversation,
+[1413.120 --> 1420.240]  we've developed the only one in the world program that teaches you how to see those facial
+[1420.240 --> 1426.720]  expressions on somebody's face. And this one is called micro expression training videos.
+[1426.720 --> 1435.280]  This short demo how it looks like. You will see inside the program the videos, 200 videos
+[1435.920 --> 1445.840]  of real life simulations on somebody's face. And next to that, you will be able to choose
+[1445.840 --> 1451.680]  which micro expression you saw. If you thought, thank you, saw contempt, you just contempt,
+[1451.680 --> 1457.120]  the video will play again and it will play over and over again until you get it right.
+[1457.120 --> 1464.320]  You can replay it in slow motion as much as you want. And this will give you based on 200 videos,
+[1464.320 --> 1472.960]  a lot of insights how to see them in daily life. So you can play around with this tool.
+[1472.960 --> 1481.600]  And from usually persons who take the test, the first time they have about 10 to 20%
+[1482.160 --> 1491.120]  a score or 30% is quite a lot. And after just one hour training with slow speed, normal speed,
+[1491.120 --> 1496.800]  double speed to increase your intuition in listening mode to see micro expression with
+[1496.800 --> 1501.760]  somebody's listening or in speaking to see them while somebody's speaking. You have a lot of
+[1501.760 --> 1511.360]  videos there. You can get your score up to 80% in just one hour. And there is included a whole
+[1511.360 --> 1519.520]  training for every single micro expression. How you can see it on somebody's face in all the
+[1519.520 --> 1527.280]  types, all the 27 most use types of those seven micro expressions. If you'd like to know more
+[1527.280 --> 1534.800]  about this, just go to our website micro expression training videos.com. And on this website,
+[1534.800 --> 1542.640]  you can buy a license for one year or become a research for representatives in every country.
+[1542.640 --> 1551.760]  I'll just put the link on the chat window and you'll be able to go to this website just by
+[1551.760 --> 1555.920]  clicking the link that you will receive right now.
+[1560.640 --> 1567.600]  Now facial expressions have been reserved for scientists until today. But this has changed because
+[1567.680 --> 1573.360]  METV micro expression training videos makes learning and teaching micro expressions really simple.
+[1574.000 --> 1578.640]  And that's why we're all looking for persons who'd like to become micro expressions
+[1578.640 --> 1584.240]  representatives in various countries. We've got a lot of certified trainers in Belgium,
+[1584.240 --> 1592.160]  but not yet in all the other parts of the world. And as you know, there are only very few people
+[1592.160 --> 1598.560]  in the world who know who are experienced about micro expressions. So there is a world of
+[1598.560 --> 1606.480]  opportunity out there for you to be able to find clients. If you are an experienced coach,
+[1606.480 --> 1614.640]  an experienced trainer, we are looking for you to join our team of local representatives in
+[1614.640 --> 1620.880]  but the language training and micro expression training. So you will find all information about
+[1621.920 --> 1629.920]  pricing. Even if you're in France or in Germany wherever you are, we'd love to work with you to
+[1629.920 --> 1634.960]  translate micro expression training videos in your local language. Actually, it's already in four
+[1634.960 --> 1644.560]  languages. And let's work together for you to become the local most experienced micro expression.
+[1644.960 --> 1645.680]  Trainer.
+[1645.680 --> 1647.520]  Arabic is also possible.
+[1647.520 --> 1649.200]  Yes, Arabic is also possible.
+[1650.720 --> 1659.040]  And now it's time for questions. So if you have any questions, post them in the questions or
+[1659.040 --> 1665.680]  chat window and we have already a lot of questions, let's have a look.
+[1665.760 --> 1667.680]  Here with them.
+[1670.480 --> 1670.960]  Okay.
+[1674.960 --> 1675.840]  Right. One.
+[1676.800 --> 1684.720]  What we'll do also at the same time is our lower all hands and we can unmute your microphone
+[1684.720 --> 1691.200]  if you have questions and you can ask them also live. So right now you can raise your hand if you want.

transcript/webinar_aeL8B5C4fno.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,1230 @@
+[0.000 --> 2.640]  All right, so I'll get started tonight.
+[2.640 --> 5.200]  Thank you everyone for being here and looking
+[5.200 --> 7.600]  for anyone else who trickles in tonight.
+[7.600 --> 11.440]  Welcome to an AMSSM MSAG webinar.
+[11.440 --> 13.880]  MSAG stands for Medical Student Interest Group.
+[13.880 --> 16.400]  My name is Carly Sutterberg and I will be serving
+[16.400 --> 18.440]  as the webinar moderator tonight.
+[18.440 --> 21.840]  This past year I served as the president of the AMSSM
+[21.840 --> 23.840]  MSAG and will be continuing to serve
+[23.840 --> 28.640]  as the immediate past president for the 2024 calendar year.
+[28.640 --> 30.840]  I am currently a fourth year medical student
+[30.840 --> 33.720]  at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.
+[33.720 --> 36.040]  Emergingly from Glenwood Springs, Colorado,
+[36.040 --> 40.600]  and went to Whitworth University in Spokane, Washington,
+[40.600 --> 42.440]  where I studied health sciences.
+[42.440 --> 44.640]  I also did a personal training internship there
+[44.640 --> 45.880]  and re-entrack and field there.
+[45.880 --> 49.000]  So this topic is very near and dear to my heart.
+[49.000 --> 51.920]  And then I have been part of the AMSSM ever since
+[51.920 --> 55.160]  my second year of medical school and have enjoyed
+[55.160 --> 56.760]  coming to these webinars myself
+[56.760 --> 59.080]  in participating in journal clubs.
+[59.080 --> 64.080]  And we're hoping to continue this on in the future.
+[65.560 --> 68.560]  Tonight we're honored to have Dr. Robert Baker
+[68.560 --> 71.680]  and Dr. Stacey Majores serve as our speakers
+[71.680 --> 75.000]  for our AMSIC webinar, Barbell injuries.
+[75.000 --> 77.120]  And after their presentations,
+[77.120 --> 79.480]  I'll be moderating a brief Q and A.
+[79.480 --> 81.600]  So please enter your questions in the chat
+[81.600 --> 82.800]  as they come along.
+[82.800 --> 85.880]  And we can get those answered at the end.
+[86.840 --> 89.240]  It's an honor to introduce our two speakers tonight,
+[89.240 --> 91.800]  Dr. Robert Baker and Dr. Stacey Majores.
+[91.800 --> 95.240]  Dr. Baker received his medical degree in 1994
+[95.240 --> 98.440]  and is Dr. at 1995 from the University of Illinois,
+[98.440 --> 100.320]  Irbana, Champaign.
+[100.320 --> 103.680]  He has been a certified athletic trainer since 1986.
+[103.680 --> 106.400]  He completed a residency in Family Medicine at MSU,
+[106.400 --> 109.400]  Calamazoo Center for Medical Studies.
+[109.400 --> 112.720]  And in 1999, he completed a fellowship for sports medicine
+[112.720 --> 114.520]  at Michigan State University.
+[114.520 --> 117.240]  Currently, Dr. Baker is director of the primary care
+[117.240 --> 120.560]  of sports medicine fellowship at Western Michigan University,
+[120.560 --> 122.120]  School of Medicine Clinics.
+[122.120 --> 124.200]  And in addition, he is the team physician
+[124.200 --> 126.800]  for Western Michigan University and professor
+[126.800 --> 130.200]  of clinical medicine at Western Michigan School of Medicine
+[130.200 --> 132.360]  and Michigan State University.
+[132.360 --> 134.080]  Dr. Baker is presented locally,
+[134.080 --> 136.520]  regionally and nationally on various topics
+[136.520 --> 139.480]  in sports medicine and has published numerous articles
+[139.480 --> 141.840]  and book chapters on these topics as well.
+[141.880 --> 145.200]  He has practiced at Brunson Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
+[145.200 --> 147.080]  since 1999.
+[147.080 --> 149.440]  And as a primary care sports medicine physician,
+[149.440 --> 152.040]  he sees patients and athletes of all ages
+[152.040 --> 154.320]  and has particular areas of interest,
+[154.320 --> 156.600]  including exercise induced asthma,
+[156.600 --> 159.640]  athletes with diabetes and other chronic diseases,
+[159.640 --> 163.480]  back pain and adolescent adult athletes,
+[163.480 --> 166.520]  as well as non-surgical orthopedic injuries and athletes.
+[166.520 --> 168.920]  Dr. Baker is a member of the American Institute
+[168.920 --> 171.120]  for Ultrasound in Medicine, Michigan Academy
+[171.120 --> 173.480]  of Family Physicians in American Medical Society
+[173.480 --> 174.760]  for Sports Medicine.
+[174.760 --> 178.040]  And he is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine
+[178.040 --> 181.040]  and a fellow of the American Academy of Family Physicians.
+[181.040 --> 184.000]  He is a member of the National Athletic Trainers Association
+[184.000 --> 186.080]  and served on the Board of Certification Standards
+[186.080 --> 187.480]  of Practice Committee.
+[187.480 --> 189.680]  Dr. Baker and his wife have three children,
+[189.680 --> 191.400]  and he enjoys spending time with his family,
+[191.400 --> 194.520]  traveling, camping, bicycling, and playing basketball.
+[195.520 --> 198.680]  Dr. Mnjoris was born and raised in Auburn, Indiana
+[198.680 --> 200.680]  and graduated from Purdue University
+[200.680 --> 202.600]  with a degree in athletic training.
+[202.600 --> 205.400]  She earned her medical degree from Western University
+[205.400 --> 208.000]  of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine
+[208.000 --> 211.200]  of the Pacific and completed her family medicine residency
+[211.200 --> 216.040]  at St. Joseph Regional Medical Center in South Bend, Indiana.
+[216.040 --> 218.160]  She then completed a fellowship in sports medicine
+[218.160 --> 220.960]  at Cleveland Clinic and is currently board certified
+[220.960 --> 224.080]  family medicine physician with a CAQ of sports medicine
+[224.080 --> 226.280]  and works at Bronson Sports Medicine.
+[226.280 --> 228.840]  She is a team physician for Western Michigan University
+[228.840 --> 231.200]  athletics, Kalamazoo Wings Hockey Club,
+[231.200 --> 232.720]  and various high school sports.
+[232.720 --> 235.520]  She now resides in Vicksburg with her husband
+[235.520 --> 236.840]  and Fortchilchron.
+[236.840 --> 238.200]  She enjoys running with her family
+[238.200 --> 241.200]  and incorporating activity into her family's life.
+[241.200 --> 243.960]  And now I'll go ahead and give the floor to our speakers
+[243.960 --> 246.560]  if you want to share your sights.
+[248.000 --> 248.960]  Awesome.
+[248.960 --> 252.080]  Well, thank you so much everyone for being here.
+[252.080 --> 254.920]  Like Carly said, I'm Dr. Mnjoris.
+[254.920 --> 258.800]  I actually work right next to Dr. Baker a lot.
+[259.360 --> 262.760]  So it's very exciting to do this together with him.
+[262.760 --> 266.120]  We're going to be talking about Barbell injuries.
+[266.120 --> 270.240]  And I will admit that I learned a lot doing this lecture.
+[270.240 --> 278.040]  So we'll get started here with some objectives.
+[278.040 --> 283.360]  Just I learned that a lot of definitions generally help
+[283.360 --> 285.120]  when we're going through a lecture.
+[285.120 --> 288.640]  This doesn't seem to be a topic that is widely spread.
+[288.720 --> 293.760]  So I want to kind of introduce some ideas in the weight room
+[293.760 --> 296.440]  so that when we're talking about form or injury,
+[296.440 --> 300.360]  what you can understand what we're saying.
+[300.360 --> 302.880]  I'm going to talk about the techniques and tips
+[302.880 --> 304.400]  to avoid injuries.
+[304.400 --> 306.240]  And then I'll hand it over to Dr. Baker
+[306.240 --> 309.640]  for those injuries and treatments for a second.
+[310.960 --> 314.000]  So first and foremost, there are a lot of different types
+[314.000 --> 314.920]  of bars.
+[315.920 --> 318.400]  There are dive bars.
+[318.400 --> 320.400]  There are karaoke bars.
+[321.400 --> 323.840]  My favorite are the bougie bars.
+[325.240 --> 328.280]  But last, Vinalees, no one on this lecture
+[328.280 --> 331.280]  is going to get this joke except Dr. Baker
+[331.280 --> 333.600]  where bars where everyone knows your name.
+[333.600 --> 338.280]  So if you don't know cheers, please give an old lady a bone
+[338.280 --> 341.800]  and go watch the reruns on YouTube.
+[341.800 --> 343.800]  So anyway, so yes, so bars.
+[343.800 --> 346.920]  Barbells, Barbell is a piece of equipment.
+[346.920 --> 350.360]  It comprised variable links and typically weights
+[350.360 --> 352.040]  that you put on the end.
+[352.040 --> 354.960]  You can see the myriad of different bars that are here.
+[356.600 --> 358.280]  I don't know if you can see my arrow
+[358.280 --> 361.040]  as I'm kind of moving it around, but the hex bar,
+[361.040 --> 363.520]  oh, sorry, let me go back.
+[364.480 --> 367.880]  The hex bar is the bar up in the top right corner there
+[367.880 --> 369.120]  that looks like hex gun.
+[370.120 --> 371.720]  There are the easy curl bars.
+[371.720 --> 374.600]  Those weights are actually firmly attached to the end.
+[374.600 --> 376.800]  So that's not a bar where you take them on and off.
+[376.800 --> 380.680]  But it's got easy grip for your hands to kind of move.
+[380.680 --> 382.960]  You have your rack where you put your weights
+[382.960 --> 384.880]  or your bar after you're done.
+[384.880 --> 387.360]  That's kind of up in the right hand corner as well.
+[387.360 --> 390.720]  And then clips go on the end of the bar.
+[391.960 --> 393.760]  We don't go into that very much,
+[393.760 --> 395.880]  but clips can be kind of controversial here
+[395.880 --> 398.120]  and there depending on who you talk to.
+[398.120 --> 399.920]  And then a safety bar is the one
+[399.920 --> 402.840]  where the guy is squatting at the top there.
+[402.840 --> 404.760]  Anyone who has a shoulder injury
+[404.760 --> 406.840]  or some sort of upper extremity issue
+[406.840 --> 409.960]  that they can't put their shoulder in that backward position
+[409.960 --> 412.360]  and grab a hold of a squat bar,
+[412.360 --> 417.160]  that is a safety bar to help kind of offload the shoulder joint.
+[418.720 --> 420.880]  So just those few definitions,
+[420.880 --> 423.040]  we're gonna go into techniques.
+[423.040 --> 425.880]  I wanted to start by just kind of saying,
+[425.880 --> 428.000]  barbell injuries or weightlifting injuries
+[428.000 --> 429.960]  and general are fairly rare.
+[430.200 --> 434.200]  I did a few article with search on how likely it would be.
+[439.680 --> 443.760]  The CrossFit article is always tough
+[443.760 --> 447.000]  because there's so many different things
+[447.000 --> 449.920]  on that article, not just barbell injuries.
+[449.920 --> 453.560]  So that's kind of why it's 0.2 to up to 18.9
+[453.560 --> 457.240]  on the injuries, but the powerlifting
+[457.320 --> 460.280]  was definitely that 0.3.
+[460.280 --> 463.720]  There was a systematic review of just regular powerlifting
+[463.720 --> 468.080]  and regular weightlifting, again, 2.4.
+[468.080 --> 469.800]  And then youth weightlifters.
+[469.800 --> 474.000]  So any adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18
+[474.000 --> 475.920]  was about 0.9.
+[475.920 --> 478.160]  So there's a little bit of variability,
+[478.160 --> 481.280]  but overall amongst all the people who do
+[481.280 --> 483.720]  some sort of weightlifting at any age
+[483.720 --> 487.000]  is a pretty low risk.
+[487.000 --> 491.880]  So we'll kind of go into how to avoid those injuries.
+[491.880 --> 496.000]  I picked a few topics here just to kind of cover.
+[496.000 --> 498.400]  There's a bunch of ways you can avoid injury.
+[500.120 --> 502.280]  The biggest one at the top there,
+[502.280 --> 504.080]  how to choose your barbell.
+[504.080 --> 507.520]  I had to do a lot of research on how to choose your barbell
+[507.520 --> 510.640]  because it's very interesting how many are out there.
+[510.640 --> 512.320]  And it depends on what you're lifting.
+[512.320 --> 514.120]  So if you're going to the gym
+[514.120 --> 518.440]  and there's a bunch of racks and you've got bench press
+[518.440 --> 520.440]  and you've got squat and you've got just regular bars
+[520.440 --> 522.280]  just sitting out to the side,
+[522.280 --> 525.200]  there are different ones for different things.
+[525.200 --> 529.320]  There's also a male versus female bar
+[529.320 --> 531.720]  knowing the biomechanics of the shoulder
+[531.720 --> 535.840]  and the differences just in the size of women versus men.
+[535.840 --> 537.640]  There are shorter and smaller bars
+[537.640 --> 541.680]  to decrease the risk of injury, especially at the shoulder level.
+[541.720 --> 545.200]  The next one would be the correct lift technique.
+[545.200 --> 548.520]  So a lot of people do not know how to lift weights
+[548.520 --> 551.880]  and a lot of people just get to go out there and wing it
+[551.880 --> 555.040]  and that's a big reason for injury.
+[555.040 --> 558.360]  Choosing your weight, if you're just starting out
+[558.360 --> 561.120]  and you go to the gym and you throw on 50 pounds each side
+[561.120 --> 563.440]  and you don't know that you can't lift 50 pounds,
+[563.440 --> 565.040]  that's a problem.
+[565.040 --> 568.920]  So getting an expert or someone to help you start.
+[568.920 --> 571.360]  And then when we're talking about the elite weight lifters
+[571.360 --> 572.800]  and their max weight testing,
+[572.800 --> 574.800]  kind of those one rep max things,
+[576.000 --> 578.240]  you gotta know how to pick your max.
+[578.240 --> 580.400]  And then check your environment.
+[580.400 --> 583.440]  So anytime you're doing something such as weight lifting,
+[583.440 --> 587.120]  you definitely wanna make sure you're looking around.
+[587.120 --> 592.120]  I can kind of angle this into the sports medicine world.
+[592.160 --> 594.000]  If somebody gets hurt and you're running onto the field
+[594.000 --> 595.680]  to see if anybody's okay, the first thing you do
+[595.680 --> 598.440]  is look around and then check your outfit.
+[598.440 --> 601.680]  We're not being fancy, fancy at the gym.
+[601.680 --> 605.600]  And so you gotta make sure you're in the right outfit
+[605.600 --> 608.240]  to make sure that you're not creating any injury
+[608.240 --> 610.520]  for yourself or anyone else.
+[610.520 --> 612.480]  So I'll go into a couple of these,
+[612.480 --> 615.640]  but a bigger issue that I see,
+[615.640 --> 619.600]  and I've seen a few times in the office is what your risk is
+[619.600 --> 621.440]  when you decide to take supplements
+[621.440 --> 625.120]  or other testosterone, antibiotics, steroids.
+[625.120 --> 627.120]  There's tons of great literature to show
+[627.120 --> 631.200]  that testosterone supplements are tainted.
+[631.200 --> 633.080]  There's also, I'll get into that a little bit later.
+[633.080 --> 637.080]  There's also an abundance, I'll say,
+[637.080 --> 639.960]  of literature about anabolic steroids
+[639.960 --> 643.320]  and injury to athletes, not just tendon ruptures,
+[643.320 --> 646.360]  but other metabolic issues.
+[646.360 --> 649.480]  You get liver failure, kidney failure.
+[649.480 --> 653.040]  You can get heart and vascular issues,
+[653.040 --> 656.520]  anger issues, mental health problems,
+[656.520 --> 658.160]  reproductive issues.
+[658.160 --> 662.000]  And so while they're extremely widely used,
+[662.000 --> 665.480]  the world of anabolic steroids is a really dangerous one.
+[665.480 --> 668.440]  So checking your risk at the door,
+[668.440 --> 671.760]  just using your own body to build strength,
+[671.760 --> 673.520]  we'll probably be where I would start.
+[674.520 --> 677.400]  So onto choosing the right bar,
+[677.400 --> 680.280]  the hex bar up here, you can kinda see,
+[680.280 --> 682.000]  it doesn't change their form,
+[682.000 --> 685.200]  but it changes their grip and how they do things.
+[685.200 --> 688.200]  You also have the different bars listed down there.
+[688.200 --> 690.640]  A lot of them will change based on grip.
+[690.640 --> 692.920]  So so you can see some of them are shaded.
+[692.920 --> 695.560]  That's in where the grip handle is.
+[695.560 --> 699.520]  There's some that have longer weight areas, they're shorter.
+[699.520 --> 702.040]  And then there are some that have a little more bend
+[702.040 --> 703.280]  or flexibility to them.
+[703.280 --> 705.600]  So all of these, you know, you look at that,
+[705.600 --> 707.320]  people are like, oh, they all look like bars
+[707.320 --> 708.840]  and one's a little shorter,
+[708.840 --> 711.240]  but they all have different characteristics to them.
+[711.240 --> 713.560]  So depending on what your goal is
+[713.560 --> 715.760]  or what your level of expertise is,
+[715.760 --> 717.480]  you really gotta get a grip on that bar.
+[717.480 --> 719.240]  You might wanna have one that's got a grip
+[719.240 --> 720.680]  and you might want anywhere gloves with it.
+[720.680 --> 724.800]  So the right bar there, I kinda have the different dead lifts.
+[724.800 --> 726.080]  So if you're talking to someone
+[726.080 --> 728.360]  and they say there are power lifter,
+[728.360 --> 731.120]  the major three that they do is the squat,
+[731.120 --> 732.920]  the dead lifts and the bench press.
+[732.920 --> 736.280]  If you're an Olympic lifter, that's a snatch,
+[736.280 --> 737.840]  a clean and a jerk.
+[737.840 --> 740.080]  And then if you're the weekend warrior,
+[740.080 --> 741.680]  your level to do just about anything
+[741.680 --> 742.920]  your body's asking you to do.
+[743.920 --> 746.120]  So I'm gonna just go,
+[746.120 --> 749.320]  I use a lot of pictures, I'm a visual learner.
+[749.320 --> 752.160]  So when you look at these pictures,
+[752.160 --> 754.880]  it's kind of looking at proper technique.
+[754.880 --> 757.560]  So this lady off here to the left,
+[757.560 --> 760.120]  rocking it out just like perfect over there.
+[761.120 --> 764.560]  And she's got the benefits of all those massive muscles
+[764.560 --> 766.320]  that I wish I had.
+[766.320 --> 769.040]  And then you kinda look at this other one over here.
+[769.040 --> 771.880]  The big thing I'm gonna point out is her shoulders.
+[771.880 --> 775.480]  A lot of people have really weak hips.
+[775.480 --> 777.880]  If you wanna do some really good lit searches,
+[777.880 --> 782.280]  look at the prevalence of hip weakness and a lot of injuries,
+[782.280 --> 783.760]  especially low extremity.
+[783.760 --> 785.320]  And so when she's demonstrating there,
+[785.320 --> 788.760]  she's using her low back and the improper squat on the bottom,
+[788.760 --> 792.760]  stressing that low back and using her really tiny,
+[792.760 --> 795.280]  fatigable muscles instead of using her glutes,
+[795.280 --> 796.800]  her quads and her hammies.
+[796.800 --> 800.520]  So big thing with the squat, don't bend forward.
+[800.520 --> 803.440]  And try to keep your ears, your shoulders,
+[803.440 --> 805.920]  your ankles, all kind of an alignment.
+[808.200 --> 809.400]  The next is the deadlift.
+[809.400 --> 811.960]  This is another one that's extremely common
+[811.960 --> 813.840]  for people to get hurt.
+[813.840 --> 817.960]  Again, you kinda see the wrong versus the right.
+[817.960 --> 820.080]  You definitely wanna keep your shoulders, your knees
+[820.080 --> 823.360]  and your ankles kind of in this somewhat of a line
+[823.360 --> 824.840]  and with that bar there.
+[824.880 --> 827.720]  This is why a lot of people will use the hex bar
+[827.720 --> 830.440]  that you saw earlier for the deadlift
+[830.440 --> 832.560]  because then they don't have to reach over their knees
+[832.560 --> 834.640]  or their shins and get a big shins grape,
+[834.640 --> 836.720]  which you'll see later with Dr. Baker.
+[836.720 --> 839.160]  And when you get your glutes dropped too low,
+[839.160 --> 841.480]  you're again, you're engaging your low back,
+[841.480 --> 844.000]  you take out your core and then you really have to demand
+[844.000 --> 846.960]  a lot from that knee and those angles.
+[846.960 --> 850.200]  So deadlift, another big one for back and the injuries.
+[851.120 --> 854.480]  The bench press, this is a big, big, big, big one.
+[855.360 --> 857.840]  This guy right here on the left that's benching,
+[857.840 --> 860.840]  I'm pretty sure the very next picture I found of him
+[860.840 --> 862.680]  was rupturing his pec.
+[862.680 --> 867.120]  So one of the techniques that we look,
+[867.120 --> 869.760]  you kinda see the bottom position, top position.
+[869.760 --> 871.880]  You really don't want your shoulder
+[871.880 --> 875.840]  and your elbow to go past 90 degrees at the bottom
+[875.840 --> 878.120]  because that increases the stress on the capsule
+[878.120 --> 879.160]  of the shoulder.
+[879.160 --> 881.360]  Even when you kinda keep those elbows tucked,
+[881.360 --> 885.040]  you don't go past the level of your chest.
+[885.040 --> 887.240]  That can also help decrease the risk of injury
+[887.240 --> 889.840]  when you're talking about crush injuries to the chest.
+[889.840 --> 892.240]  If you've got a bar out here
+[892.240 --> 893.960]  and you can kinda push with it,
+[893.960 --> 896.920]  that's better than if you're trying to demonstrate
+[896.920 --> 898.280]  where your elbow is back
+[898.280 --> 899.960]  and now you have to use your pec even more
+[899.960 --> 901.680]  to push it off your chest.
+[901.680 --> 904.360]  And so Dr. Baker, I'll talk about that a little bit
+[904.360 --> 907.520]  later in pec injuries and weightlifting crush injuries
+[907.520 --> 910.400]  on the chest and how to kind of bail out of those.
+[910.400 --> 915.400]  But the biggest is you can kinda see this guy has clips
+[916.200 --> 918.440]  on his so we talk about fail to bail.
+[918.440 --> 921.440]  If you're failing at this position, you wanna bail out.
+[921.440 --> 923.240]  And if you bail out to the side
+[923.240 --> 926.120]  and you can't dump the weight that can cause other injuries.
+[926.120 --> 929.560]  So that's a big one with the bench press
+[929.560 --> 931.800]  and the squat really too, I didn't mention.
+[933.120 --> 936.040]  Oh, and then if I go back, sorry, I might go back one.
+[936.040 --> 937.440]  So the bench press, the other thing too,
+[937.440 --> 939.680]  as you see his feet flat on the floor.
+[940.400 --> 944.600]  So that's also a very, very important positioning and technique.
+[944.600 --> 946.320]  So when you've got your bench press machine,
+[946.320 --> 947.680]  you gotta make sure it's low enough.
+[947.680 --> 949.800]  There's all different sizes of people
+[949.800 --> 952.160]  and there's a lot of us that are shorter than others.
+[952.160 --> 954.440]  So if you're benching, you don't wanna put your feet up
+[954.440 --> 958.080]  on the board or on the bench and you don't wanna dangle
+[958.080 --> 959.320]  and you don't wanna use your tippy toes,
+[959.320 --> 960.800]  you wanna have that as leverage
+[960.800 --> 964.160]  cause your core should be the strongest part of your body.
+[964.160 --> 967.160]  And that's where your legs kinda help stabilize.
+[967.160 --> 971.840]  And then onto a snatch, I have a couple different pictures here.
+[971.840 --> 974.480]  This is a weight lifter from the Olympics
+[974.480 --> 977.880]  and he goes through each stage of how this goes.
+[979.560 --> 984.560]  This one's these dynamic lifts become more and more popular.
+[985.400 --> 987.320]  These also have an increased risk of injury.
+[987.320 --> 990.040]  So this is a one fluid motion.
+[990.040 --> 993.320]  This is not just like a, I'm gonna do a bench press
+[993.320 --> 994.480]  where I push up and push down.
+[994.600 --> 999.440]  This guy has gotta do multiple different bends and twists
+[1000.440 --> 1004.040]  and keep the knees and the hips and the proper alignment.
+[1004.040 --> 1007.600]  And if he doesn't, then he's gonna get injured.
+[1007.600 --> 1010.680]  That picture five there at the end.
+[1010.680 --> 1014.040]  It kinda demonstrates his bar back a little bit further
+[1014.040 --> 1016.640]  than what I would like it to be.
+[1017.880 --> 1020.720]  Usually you want your shoulders a little bit more forward.
+[1020.720 --> 1023.920]  They are back a little, but you wanna tuck that chin back
+[1023.920 --> 1025.640]  and that head back and really stabilize
+[1025.640 --> 1029.480]  at the scapula there so that you don't pop out of socket.
+[1029.480 --> 1032.600]  So big, big issue with the snatch.
+[1032.600 --> 1035.120]  You've definitely gotta do it all in one motion
+[1035.120 --> 1037.200]  from the base all the way to the top.
+[1037.200 --> 1039.400]  If you stop, you're gonna kinda get stuck.
+[1040.680 --> 1043.040]  The next one is the clean and jerk.
+[1043.040 --> 1045.040]  This is another one just like the snatch.
+[1045.040 --> 1047.200]  This is an Olympic weight lift.
+[1047.200 --> 1050.520]  That lady from the Philippines right there is frickin' awesome.
+[1051.240 --> 1054.400]  I watched her live when she was in the Olympics.
+[1054.400 --> 1057.160]  So she again, you can kinda see that bar
+[1057.160 --> 1060.640]  is directly over her head, not back at all.
+[1060.640 --> 1063.120]  So you kinda have to get your shoulders locked
+[1063.120 --> 1065.520]  into position over your hips.
+[1065.520 --> 1070.280]  So if you can see my pointer, hopefully his hips go
+[1070.280 --> 1073.000]  from a backward position, you thrust forward.
+[1073.000 --> 1076.080]  And then as he pushes overhead, he has to keep his shoulders
+[1076.080 --> 1077.920]  his hips and his head in alignment.
+[1077.920 --> 1080.840]  And then those shoulders go right up over the top.
+[1080.840 --> 1082.520]  And if at any point in time again,
+[1082.520 --> 1084.960]  you lose your balance, fail to bail.
+[1084.960 --> 1088.080]  You gotta get that bar out of your hands until to the side.
+[1088.080 --> 1089.240]  But this is another one.
+[1089.240 --> 1091.600]  If you're not doing the correct form,
+[1091.600 --> 1092.440]  then you're gonna get hurt.
+[1092.440 --> 1096.200]  So I'll go into picking the correct weight in a minute,
+[1096.200 --> 1098.120]  but I just wanna point out here too.
+[1098.120 --> 1099.400]  If you're doing too much weight
+[1099.400 --> 1101.320]  because you're a beginner and you're not really sure,
+[1101.320 --> 1103.320]  always just start with the bar.
+[1103.320 --> 1105.800]  And if you're not strong enough to hold up the bar,
+[1105.800 --> 1107.440]  start with body weight.
+[1107.440 --> 1110.680]  Just do it the motion and see yourself in the mirror
+[1110.680 --> 1112.440]  and make sure you're doing it right.
+[1112.440 --> 1115.360]  And if you don't know, get a trainer or somebody who does know.
+[1116.400 --> 1118.680]  So how do you choose the correct way?
+[1118.680 --> 1120.520]  This is just a little chart that I found
+[1120.520 --> 1123.800]  in one of the articles on kind of how many reps
+[1123.800 --> 1125.320]  and then what it's accomplishing.
+[1125.320 --> 1129.080]  So you always hear people talk about one rep max
+[1129.080 --> 1131.440]  that's supposed to be your number one high intensity.
+[1131.440 --> 1134.160]  It's the only weight you can lift once ever.
+[1134.160 --> 1136.280]  Funny thing is when you're testing your one rep max,
+[1136.280 --> 1137.520]  you do it more than once.
+[1137.520 --> 1141.200]  So there's always, I think that's just hilarious.
+[1141.200 --> 1143.480]  But you wanna start low.
+[1143.480 --> 1146.600]  You wanna try to see just like I said, body weight first
+[1147.840 --> 1150.640]  and then move up into just a bar or a dumbbell
+[1150.640 --> 1151.920]  that's like one or two pounds
+[1151.920 --> 1153.440]  and then you move up from there.
+[1154.840 --> 1156.640]  And depending on what weight you use,
+[1156.640 --> 1159.440]  if you wanna use dumbbells versus bars,
+[1159.440 --> 1161.080]  if you wanna make sure that you have strength
+[1161.080 --> 1162.800]  and both ours, test out each arm
+[1162.800 --> 1164.280]  and see what you can lift.
+[1164.280 --> 1165.960]  Everybody usually has a dominant
+[1165.960 --> 1167.520]  so that does take effect.
+[1168.480 --> 1170.840]  If you're an intermediate lifter,
+[1170.840 --> 1174.760]  then that's where you really hone in
+[1174.760 --> 1177.800]  on what your technique is and how to increase your technique
+[1177.800 --> 1180.360]  and your kind of your physics.
+[1180.360 --> 1183.800]  So I love this topic because it's physics and I'm big nerd.
+[1183.800 --> 1185.960]  And so if you get your physics just right,
+[1185.960 --> 1188.560]  you can lift more weight and become stronger.
+[1188.560 --> 1192.400]  So that intermediate, I find is where most people live
+[1192.400 --> 1195.040]  that either you're a college athlete,
+[1195.040 --> 1197.240]  a high school athlete, you took a class,
+[1197.240 --> 1199.000]  you go to the gym two, three times a week,
+[1199.000 --> 1201.280]  you know you have a program, you lift things up.
+[1201.280 --> 1205.040]  So intermediate is where I find a lot of our athletes
+[1205.040 --> 1207.480]  to sit and then the advanced,
+[1207.480 --> 1210.960]  that's where I see my professional and collegiate athletes
+[1210.960 --> 1213.520]  that are currently in the weight room,
+[1213.520 --> 1217.320]  doing a ton of stuff, getting extra swollen, if you will.
+[1217.840 --> 1222.280]  And then you kind of think about this,
+[1222.280 --> 1225.160]  the weekend warrior, if you will.
+[1225.160 --> 1229.880]  The guy on the left is obviously not a weekend warrior,
+[1229.880 --> 1232.320]  but what about that old guy at the gym too?
+[1232.320 --> 1235.520]  You know, you guys see him over there doing his calisthenics.
+[1235.520 --> 1238.880]  That's a great article about out of Michigan State,
+[1238.880 --> 1242.000]  about masters athletes and weightlifting.
+[1242.000 --> 1244.640]  And so when you look at that,
+[1244.640 --> 1248.080]  the biggest thing I found, you know, obviously,
+[1248.080 --> 1250.400]  the introduction to the article is,
+[1250.400 --> 1253.160]  hey, old people can lift weights too.
+[1253.160 --> 1255.320]  And I was like, well, I'm still,
+[1255.320 --> 1257.760]  but when you look into the nitty gritty of it,
+[1257.760 --> 1261.160]  it really talked about the sex differences
+[1261.160 --> 1264.560]  between men and women and how estrogen and testosterone
+[1264.560 --> 1265.440]  work.
+[1265.440 --> 1267.600]  And then once you go postmenopausal
+[1267.600 --> 1270.280]  and men start losing testosterone levels,
+[1270.280 --> 1272.120]  we all kind of even out.
+[1272.160 --> 1276.320]  The biggest thing between both groups is fatigue.
+[1276.320 --> 1277.520]  We're not 20 anymore.
+[1277.520 --> 1279.440]  And so our muscles and tendons and things
+[1279.440 --> 1281.320]  don't bounce back like they used to.
+[1281.320 --> 1284.120]  And so we old people have to be careful
+[1284.120 --> 1286.480]  that we don't lift what we did when we were 30,
+[1286.480 --> 1289.560]  or 20 or 15 or, you know, 10.
+[1289.560 --> 1292.000]  We got to really pay attention to what we're doing
+[1292.000 --> 1293.920]  to the body at that level.
+[1296.400 --> 1298.080]  The next, we check your environment.
+[1298.080 --> 1301.320]  So I found this really cool picture on Pinterest.
+[1301.320 --> 1303.080]  I was like, wow, it would be really great
+[1303.080 --> 1306.040]  if everybody had a home gym in their garage like that.
+[1306.040 --> 1308.640]  And then I was like, where do they park their car?
+[1308.640 --> 1312.600]  Because here in Michigan, you don't park your car outside
+[1312.600 --> 1313.680]  unless you have to.
+[1313.680 --> 1318.280]  And so I think that's probably California or Arizona
+[1318.280 --> 1322.120]  or somewhere really fun to go than not cold.
+[1322.120 --> 1324.520]  But you also have to be careful that you're not
+[1324.520 --> 1325.840]  walking into that either.
+[1325.840 --> 1328.080]  I'm sure you could lift some really good weights in that gym,
+[1328.080 --> 1331.000]  but you might get a splinter in your rear end.
+[1331.040 --> 1332.720]  So be careful.
+[1332.720 --> 1334.160]  And then your style.
+[1334.160 --> 1337.320]  So what do you want to look like when you go to the gym
+[1338.120 --> 1340.080]  and match your shorts to your shirt
+[1340.080 --> 1342.520]  and have your head banned on?
+[1342.520 --> 1344.440]  But you definitely want to consider gloves
+[1344.440 --> 1346.120]  if you're grabbing a bar.
+[1346.120 --> 1348.160]  You get Dr. Baker's going to talk very shortly
+[1348.160 --> 1351.120]  about blisters and rips and the hands.
+[1351.120 --> 1353.160]  Those gloves are vital.
+[1353.160 --> 1355.800]  They also help improve grip and so does like powder.
+[1355.800 --> 1358.440]  So definitely think about that.
+[1358.440 --> 1360.080]  Strap's are controversial.
+[1360.080 --> 1362.040]  You can see they're done at the bottom left here.
+[1362.040 --> 1365.000]  There's a strap that holds you onto the bar.
+[1365.000 --> 1368.000]  The problem with that is what if you've got a bail
+[1368.000 --> 1370.040]  and then now the bar is attached to your hand
+[1370.040 --> 1371.960]  and now you're almost dislocated.
+[1371.960 --> 1373.840]  So they're kind of controversial,
+[1373.840 --> 1376.440]  but if you're an expertise in weightlifting
+[1376.440 --> 1379.320]  and you feel comfortable with it, it's not a bad idea.
+[1379.320 --> 1382.840]  And then the other one is a grip for,
+[1382.840 --> 1384.280]  maybe you've got hand arthritis
+[1384.280 --> 1386.880]  or had to have surgery or something on the hand arrest.
+[1386.880 --> 1389.480]  That clips onto the bar and it allows the weight
+[1389.480 --> 1391.000]  to be distributed differently.
+[1392.240 --> 1395.960]  I love my shoes, love my shoes, love my shoes,
+[1395.960 --> 1397.320]  but there are definitely shoes you wear
+[1397.320 --> 1399.400]  in the weight room and there are shoes you don't.
+[1399.400 --> 1403.760]  And so those shoes right there just have a nice grip on them.
+[1403.760 --> 1405.560]  Make sure your shoe laces are all tucked in
+[1405.560 --> 1408.000]  so they don't caught on anything.
+[1408.000 --> 1411.440]  I don't know why this guy's barefoot lifting.
+[1411.440 --> 1413.720]  I am a big proponent of barefoot walking
+[1413.720 --> 1417.280]  and barefoot everything, but I don't lift weights barefoot
+[1417.280 --> 1420.120]  because I like my toes and they're pretty.
+[1420.120 --> 1422.360]  So this is Venice Beach,
+[1422.360 --> 1423.880]  even those crazy guys there,
+[1423.880 --> 1426.160]  they just got out of the water it looks like.
+[1426.160 --> 1427.600]  They're all barefoot,
+[1427.600 --> 1429.200]  but if you keep looking at their pictures,
+[1429.200 --> 1431.000]  they end up putting shoes on later.
+[1431.000 --> 1434.520]  I would not recommend heels in the gym.
+[1434.520 --> 1436.000]  I don't know what these ladies are doing here,
+[1436.000 --> 1439.040]  but I think hopefully they were just there for show.
+[1439.040 --> 1441.680]  And then lastly, you're clothing,
+[1441.680 --> 1443.880]  you know, you don't really wanna wear big baggy clothes
+[1443.880 --> 1445.520]  if you're weightlifting, you can get,
+[1446.360 --> 1448.960]  you know, that caught in a bar or clip,
+[1448.960 --> 1450.720]  you can, you know, slip.
+[1450.720 --> 1453.480]  You wanna wear a nice form fitting shirt
+[1453.480 --> 1457.080]  and nice form fitting shorts and make sure
+[1457.080 --> 1458.400]  that you're covered appropriately
+[1458.400 --> 1461.600]  so that the bar doesn't rip or tear any parts of your body.
+[1463.800 --> 1465.200]  So that is it.
+[1465.200 --> 1468.200]  Hopefully I didn't take up too much of Dr. Baker's time
+[1468.200 --> 1469.800]  because he's got a lot of injuries to go to.
+[1469.800 --> 1474.800]  So I am gonna hop out and let him go.
+[1476.000 --> 1479.840]  All right, hopefully you're seeing my slides.
+[1479.840 --> 1483.320]  So once again, I'm back to the title slide.
+[1483.320 --> 1486.560]  And I think this title slide demonstrates
+[1486.560 --> 1489.560]  the ultimate in arrogance.
+[1489.560 --> 1493.160]  Anybody who has more initials back behind their name
+[1493.160 --> 1496.200]  than in their name is probably pretty arrogant.
+[1496.200 --> 1499.880]  But I wanted to give you a feel for my background,
+[1499.880 --> 1503.320]  MD, PhD, exercise physiology.
+[1503.440 --> 1506.800]  And then as was mentioned by Carly,
+[1508.080 --> 1509.840]  following those organizations
+[1509.840 --> 1511.880]  and then athletic trainer as well.
+[1511.880 --> 1514.640]  So Stacy and I come from a similar background
+[1514.640 --> 1518.600]  in terms of athletic training education.
+[1518.600 --> 1522.320]  So and certainly we can answer some questions
+[1522.320 --> 1524.040]  about that along the way.
+[1524.040 --> 1528.360]  But I'm gonna talk about common type injuries.
+[1528.360 --> 1531.600]  Divide these up a little bit here and talk about them
+[1532.080 --> 1533.160]  in clusters.
+[1533.160 --> 1535.840]  But think about the first things here,
+[1535.840 --> 1538.160]  the blisters, skin abrasions, contusions,
+[1538.160 --> 1540.520]  hemorrhage crush injuries, fractures,
+[1540.520 --> 1544.480]  using more commonly due to injuries related to the weights
+[1544.480 --> 1547.040]  and direct trauma from weights, et cetera.
+[1548.480 --> 1551.680]  Next, consider injuries that occur with...
+[1551.680 --> 1553.640]  Are you having a problem?
+[1553.640 --> 1554.800]  Hello?
+[1554.800 --> 1559.320]  Oh, kind of injuries that occur with overexertion.
+[1559.360 --> 1563.440]  So your shoulder injuries, joint dislocations,
+[1563.440 --> 1566.040]  and then also muscle tendons, strains and tears.
+[1566.040 --> 1567.680]  We'll talk about a few of these
+[1567.680 --> 1569.960]  and some of the anatomy involved with this.
+[1570.960 --> 1575.960]  And then finally head injuries and spine injuries
+[1576.080 --> 1578.240]  that kind of cross the gamut of both.
+[1578.240 --> 1582.800]  Trauma related as well as overexertion type injuries.
+[1582.800 --> 1587.800]  If you look by weight and the occurrence of the body
+[1589.960 --> 1594.640]  injuries, this was a study looked at different age groups.
+[1594.640 --> 1597.320]  Looking first at the young age group,
+[1597.320 --> 1602.320]  kids under the age of 13, fairly safe activity.
+[1602.320 --> 1606.480]  You saw that Dr. Majores presented the overall numbers
+[1606.480 --> 1609.440]  on this and the injury rate is fairly low.
+[1609.440 --> 1613.520]  Majorities, these happen due to usually to trauma, et cetera.
+[1613.520 --> 1618.520]  So injuries to the head, injuries to the hand and foot
+[1618.640 --> 1621.600]  from primarily dropped weights, et cetera.
+[1621.600 --> 1625.240]  As you get into older age groups, 19 and beyond,
+[1625.240 --> 1629.760]  more overused type, overexertion type injuries,
+[1629.760 --> 1634.560]  so more commonly upper tronic lower tronic type injuries
+[1634.560 --> 1635.480]  in particular.
+[1635.480 --> 1639.280]  And that's born out when you look at mechanisms here,
+[1639.280 --> 1644.280]  this under the 13 age group, nearly 80% are dropped weights
+[1644.960 --> 1649.120]  and still a high percentage of other groups,
+[1649.120 --> 1652.280]  but the highest percentage in the under 13 age group.
+[1652.280 --> 1657.360]  And then you see this increase in age groups from 19 on,
+[1657.360 --> 1658.760]  we have overexertion.
+[1658.760 --> 1661.720]  So we'll talk about some injuries related to overexertion
+[1661.720 --> 1664.040]  as well, primarily as I presented earlier,
+[1664.040 --> 1669.040]  the muscle tears and dislocations and joint injuries.
+[1669.400 --> 1674.400]  So common injuries will start with blisters, skin operations,
+[1674.400 --> 1679.400]  contusions, and hemorrhages primarily from soft tissue
+[1679.400 --> 1680.400]  and the skin.
+[1680.400 --> 1683.400]  And we'll take a look at some of these.
+[1683.400 --> 1689.400]  Blisters, primarily on the hands from gripping.
+[1689.400 --> 1694.400]  And you can see on the upper right hand part of the screen,
+[1694.400 --> 1698.040]  blisters and rips on the palm of the hand,
+[1699.040 --> 1702.640]  over the ball of the hand, primarily,
+[1702.640 --> 1706.280]  where they can callus and then underneath
+[1706.280 --> 1709.600]  develop blisters and rips, much like we see in gymnasts
+[1709.600 --> 1711.120]  and things of that nature.
+[1711.120 --> 1713.080]  You want to keep these clean and dry.
+[1713.080 --> 1717.280]  Consider using gloves as a way to avoid this chalk
+[1717.280 --> 1719.200]  as a way to avoid this as well.
+[1719.200 --> 1721.480]  Or if there is an injury, you need to cover it,
+[1721.480 --> 1723.920]  using gloves at that time.
+[1724.960 --> 1727.440]  And from experience, one of the common things
+[1727.440 --> 1731.680]  that we use with gymnasts for rips that we found helps
+[1731.680 --> 1736.680]  with numbing is actually chloroseptic can be an effective
+[1738.080 --> 1742.200]  and also the gizic for these types of rips.
+[1742.200 --> 1743.760]  As Dr. Majora's talked about,
+[1743.760 --> 1744.920]  in the middle of the screen there,
+[1744.920 --> 1749.920]  abrasions from some bar tracks along the lower shin
+[1749.920 --> 1753.120]  for poor technique as she talked about.
+[1753.120 --> 1757.640]  And then finally, contusions down the lower right hand corner
+[1757.640 --> 1762.640]  of the screen there, usually from trauma from the weights themselves.
+[1764.680 --> 1768.400]  All right, a little bit about Valsalva,
+[1769.400 --> 1773.920]  common maneuver that's performed by weight lifters,
+[1773.920 --> 1776.040]  advantage or disadvantage we don't know,
+[1776.040 --> 1780.040]  but we do have concerns with this in terms of what it does
+[1780.040 --> 1783.320]  to pressures, obviously.
+[1783.320 --> 1786.480]  This is contraction of the abdominal muscles,
+[1786.480 --> 1789.280]  of chest wall muscles as well as the back muscles
+[1789.280 --> 1791.120]  against a closed glottis.
+[1791.120 --> 1793.920]  So pressures develop into the chest,
+[1793.920 --> 1798.360]  so inter thoracic pressure and inter abdominal pressure
+[1798.360 --> 1802.640]  will increase cause and possibility of injuries in these areas,
+[1802.640 --> 1805.720]  specifically in the abdominal area,
+[1805.760 --> 1808.840]  hernias and we'll talk about prolapse as well.
+[1810.200 --> 1812.000]  Along with this in the chest,
+[1812.000 --> 1815.280]  there can be increase in blood pressure,
+[1815.280 --> 1819.120]  which can result in increase in inter cranial pressure
+[1819.120 --> 1823.040]  and cause possible hemorrhages in other locations as well.
+[1823.960 --> 1828.880]  Eventually over time, you release the Valsalva maneuver
+[1828.880 --> 1832.160]  and you get a decrease in inter thoracic
+[1832.280 --> 1835.160]  and your abdominal pressure is decrease in blood flow.
+[1835.160 --> 1840.160]  Usually heart rate stays up and cranial pressure decreases.
+[1841.920 --> 1846.360]  So this is kind of the basis of a lot of the over exertion
+[1846.360 --> 1847.760]  type injuries that we're in talk about
+[1847.760 --> 1852.000]  in terms of our relationship to hemorrhage to start with here.
+[1852.000 --> 1854.320]  So increased pressures within the tissue
+[1854.320 --> 1858.040]  can cause upper right hand corner here,
+[1858.040 --> 1861.040]  fatiguea that you see on the leg,
+[1861.040 --> 1864.760]  blood vessels that lead a little bit underneath the skin.
+[1865.920 --> 1869.640]  You can also see some of these punctate hemorrhages
+[1869.640 --> 1874.440]  that occur in the hand either due to direct pressure
+[1874.440 --> 1876.520]  or increase in inter cranial pressure
+[1876.520 --> 1881.520]  or in her vascular pressure as well as direct trauma.
+[1883.720 --> 1885.200]  And they like to ask this question.
+[1885.200 --> 1889.280]  I always tell our fellows and our residents as well
+[1889.280 --> 1892.760]  as our medical students, I just teach towards the exam.
+[1892.760 --> 1894.640]  They're gonna ask you questions about this.
+[1894.640 --> 1899.140]  They like to show you this picture of Talon noiore.
+[1900.080 --> 1903.360]  This is actually on the hand, but Talon noiore
+[1903.360 --> 1907.400]  often occurs from pressures on the heel, et cetera.
+[1907.400 --> 1910.440]  You get this punctate bleeding underneath the skin
+[1910.440 --> 1913.120]  that gets darkened in an area.
+[1913.120 --> 1914.320]  And it's a lookalike.
+[1914.320 --> 1915.760]  That's why they ask you the questions.
+[1915.760 --> 1918.320]  A lookalike looks like melanoma.
+[1918.320 --> 1919.560]  How do you know it's not?
+[1919.560 --> 1922.600]  Well, from the punctate appearance in the skin
+[1922.600 --> 1926.580]  and the location and the association of trauma.
+[1928.200 --> 1930.280]  You can see other types of hemorrhages
+[1930.280 --> 1932.600]  or retinal hemorrhage within the eye itself,
+[1932.600 --> 1933.760]  blood vessels can rupture.
+[1933.760 --> 1936.640]  And you see picture here of the optic disc
+[1936.640 --> 1940.880]  and the retina with a nice large hemorrhage.
+[1940.880 --> 1943.320]  And this can affect a vision, et cetera.
+[1943.320 --> 1945.880]  So this is a great concern.
+[1945.880 --> 1948.880]  You can also get subconjunctival hemorrhages
+[1948.880 --> 1953.560]  just from the intracranial and interadontal pressures
+[1953.560 --> 1956.320]  that are developed from that valve valve maneuver
+[1956.320 --> 1961.160]  and see these subconjunctival hemorrhages within the eye.
+[1961.200 --> 1962.760]  On the outside on the sclera,
+[1962.760 --> 1966.200]  which are pretty much benign will resolve on their own.
+[1967.880 --> 1971.000]  Finally, increase abdominal pressure
+[1971.000 --> 1973.040]  and increase the intracranial pressure
+[1974.320 --> 1978.200]  possibly related to some hemorrhages in these areas as well.
+[1979.480 --> 1980.760]  All right, we'll move on.
+[1980.760 --> 1985.440]  Talk a little bit about muscle and tendon strains and tears.
+[1986.760 --> 1991.760]  Looking at the precteralis and the biceps in particular.
+[1992.640 --> 1994.840]  So we'll start with the biceps here
+[1994.840 --> 1999.840]  and the classic pop-eye deformity.
+[1999.840 --> 2002.840]  That's demonstrated in this picture here.
+[2002.840 --> 2008.840]  Primarily related to a proximal tendon rupture in the shoulder
+[2009.840 --> 2012.880]  because of the tension of the muscle, this thing,
+[2012.880 --> 2017.120]  this muscle shortens up just like the old time shades.
+[2017.120 --> 2019.760]  You pull them and they kind of flip all the way up.
+[2019.760 --> 2021.320]  That's what happens to this muscle
+[2021.320 --> 2022.600]  that shortens all the way down.
+[2022.600 --> 2025.920]  It's under so much tension here.
+[2025.920 --> 2028.280]  Proximal tendon tears of the biceps
+[2028.280 --> 2029.800]  are not quite as concerned about,
+[2029.800 --> 2032.040]  but distals are the bad actors.
+[2032.040 --> 2035.400]  These tend to lend to a lot more disability
+[2035.400 --> 2038.880]  and we'll talk about from an anatomical standpoint
+[2038.880 --> 2041.320]  where that might be the case.
+[2041.320 --> 2043.680]  Demonstrated up here in the corner in this picture
+[2043.680 --> 2045.400]  is bruising that you might see,
+[2045.400 --> 2050.400]  dependent bruising could be from a muscle mid substance tear
+[2050.720 --> 2054.120]  or tendon tear that's proximal or could be distal as well.
+[2055.080 --> 2057.880]  But that's the kind of presentation that you will see
+[2058.720 --> 2061.120]  in terms of bleeding underneath the skin.
+[2062.240 --> 2067.240]  Often missed are these distal biceps tendon tears.
+[2067.240 --> 2069.400]  Kind of difficult to examine.
+[2069.400 --> 2071.800]  As you can see in the picture in the upper left hand corner
+[2071.800 --> 2074.240]  with all that bruising, swelling,
+[2074.240 --> 2078.600]  sometimes difficult to identify the biceps tendon itself.
+[2078.600 --> 2080.360]  You really need to use this hook test,
+[2080.360 --> 2081.760]  get your finger in there,
+[2081.760 --> 2085.640]  try to hook around that biceps tendon
+[2085.640 --> 2088.880]  to diagnose the distal biceps tendon tear.
+[2088.880 --> 2090.680]  While the proximal tears,
+[2090.680 --> 2093.240]  you tend to see this pop-eye deformity,
+[2093.240 --> 2096.320]  you tend to not see the pop-eye deformity
+[2096.320 --> 2099.000]  with more distal type biceps tears.
+[2099.000 --> 2101.080]  And that's because of the anatomy.
+[2101.080 --> 2104.160]  If you look at the anatomical picture here
+[2104.160 --> 2106.880]  of the biceps tendon, the air is showing you
+[2106.880 --> 2112.120]  long head of biceps that comes over top of the humorous
+[2112.120 --> 2116.280]  dives deep and attaches to the glenoid fossa superially.
+[2117.240 --> 2119.520]  I have a short head of the biceps tendon
+[2119.520 --> 2123.240]  that attaches to this corcoid process.
+[2123.240 --> 2125.360]  And then distally though,
+[2125.360 --> 2127.880]  you have the tendon that dives deep
+[2127.880 --> 2132.880]  and distally it attaches to the tuberosity on the radius.
+[2133.240 --> 2136.440]  But there's also this, that's the distal attachment.
+[2136.440 --> 2141.440]  There's also this Lasertis insertion as well.
+[2142.120 --> 2147.120]  Fibris insertion that occurs over top of the antichybutyl fossa.
+[2148.960 --> 2150.680]  And this usually doesn't tear,
+[2150.680 --> 2154.400]  but rather holds the biceps tendon out to the length.
+[2154.400 --> 2157.800]  So you don't appreciate a pop-eye deformity
+[2157.800 --> 2159.360]  because the muscle doesn't shorten up
+[2159.360 --> 2164.080]  quite as much as you would see in a more proximal biceps tendon rupture.
+[2164.080 --> 2167.680]  So this is the type of thing that you really need
+[2167.680 --> 2171.280]  to pay attention to good physical exam technique.
+[2172.320 --> 2176.560]  And be aware looking for distal biceps tendon tear.
+[2176.560 --> 2180.480]  The proximal ones easy to diagnose distal tears,
+[2180.480 --> 2183.520]  much more difficult to diagnose.
+[2183.520 --> 2185.760]  You want to think about other types of factors.
+[2185.760 --> 2187.960]  Are they using steroids or something like that?
+[2187.960 --> 2192.960]  That's causing or contributing to a distal biceps tear.
+[2194.520 --> 2196.240]  And this is the one that you don't want to miss
+[2196.240 --> 2199.840]  because this will lead to significant disability
+[2199.840 --> 2201.360]  in the elbow and the forearm.
+[2201.360 --> 2204.080]  We saw somebody just in the office the other day.
+[2204.080 --> 2206.320]  They present with the significant weakness
+[2206.320 --> 2210.320]  with not so much flexion of the elbow,
+[2210.320 --> 2214.160]  but supination pronation of the elbow.
+[2214.160 --> 2215.680]  It's a major supinator.
+[2215.680 --> 2218.560]  So remember the biceps of major supinator?
+[2218.560 --> 2221.240]  They're gonna have difficulties twisting the jar
+[2221.240 --> 2223.440]  and the peanut butter.
+[2223.440 --> 2227.440]  So that's kind of the classic thing that folks present with this.
+[2227.440 --> 2231.320]  And the misconception is that the biceps is a flexor tendon.
+[2232.040 --> 2234.320]  Tendon muscle unit.
+[2234.320 --> 2236.920]  It's actually a major supinator.
+[2236.920 --> 2240.480]  So another question I'll ask you on the exam.
+[2240.480 --> 2241.320]  All right.
+[2243.760 --> 2245.000]  Let's see here.
+[2246.960 --> 2247.800]  Oops.
+[2250.000 --> 2250.920]  There we go.
+[2250.920 --> 2252.080]  All right.
+[2252.080 --> 2254.240]  We'll move on to the pectoralis major.
+[2254.240 --> 2256.600]  Once again, pectoralis major tears are common
+[2256.600 --> 2260.000]  and Dr. Majora alluded to that a little bit.
+[2261.720 --> 2264.320]  Pectoralis minor tears were less concerned about.
+[2265.480 --> 2270.320]  Here's a classical presentation of a pectoralis tendon tear.
+[2270.320 --> 2273.040]  You can see if you compare the chest wall
+[2273.040 --> 2274.600]  from one side to the other side,
+[2274.600 --> 2277.080]  you can see this deficit and divot
+[2277.080 --> 2279.640]  over the area of the pectoralis.
+[2279.640 --> 2282.560]  Almost always these tear at the attachment
+[2282.560 --> 2285.040]  of the upper arm or the humerus
+[2285.040 --> 2288.320]  and leave this defect of the chest wall
+[2288.320 --> 2291.040]  that you see on one side compared to the other side.
+[2291.040 --> 2293.520]  Sometimes if you have them press their hands together,
+[2293.520 --> 2298.520]  you'll bring up this defect a little bit more significantly.
+[2298.840 --> 2303.880]  These are once again indication for surgical fixation repair
+[2303.880 --> 2307.080]  to return a normal function to the body.
+[2307.080 --> 2308.720]  The anatomical picture here,
+[2308.720 --> 2312.080]  it's demonstrated both the pectoralis major.
+[2313.000 --> 2317.000]  It's attachment more proximally to the sternum,
+[2317.000 --> 2320.240]  the clavicle and the causticondral.
+[2321.120 --> 2328.120]  Joint and then distally the attachment to a ridge on the humerus.
+[2328.960 --> 2332.320]  Just over the biceps and I'll show you some pictures of that.
+[2332.320 --> 2336.320]  This can easily be diagnosed with a use of ultrasound
+[2336.320 --> 2339.960]  in our office and we can give our or the big colleagues
+[2339.960 --> 2342.560]  some information about pectoralis tear.
+[2342.560 --> 2346.200]  Usually it's primarily clinical type diagnosis,
+[2346.200 --> 2348.840]  but we can clarify where that tear occurs,
+[2348.840 --> 2351.200]  whether it's mid substance of the muscle
+[2351.200 --> 2353.960]  in the tendon or deep or superficial layers.
+[2355.560 --> 2359.800]  So surgical for the most part in a acute,
+[2359.800 --> 2361.800]  in the case of acute tendon ruptures.
+[2363.240 --> 2367.400]  Usually it's full thickness and usually it's at the attachment
+[2367.400 --> 2370.560]  or near the attachment on the humerus itself.
+[2371.920 --> 2376.920]  Here's an ultrasound of the upper arm
+[2377.800 --> 2381.640]  with a short axis onto the humerus,
+[2382.680 --> 2387.680]  long axis to the pectoralis tendon.
+[2388.360 --> 2390.240]  This lower picture here,
+[2390.240 --> 2392.720]  you can see some of the isoparsial tear,
+[2392.720 --> 2395.480]  but you can see some of the hyperacoeic area
+[2395.480 --> 2398.920]  of the pectoralis tendon coming over and attaching normally
+[2398.920 --> 2402.160]  to the humerus at a ridge,
+[2402.160 --> 2406.680]  just overlying the biceps that's deep to that structure.
+[2406.720 --> 2410.760]  On the upper panel here of the ultrasound,
+[2410.760 --> 2415.240]  you can see the arrows showing the area deficit
+[2415.240 --> 2417.400]  where the tendon has torn,
+[2417.400 --> 2419.520]  and rather than being hyperacoeic,
+[2419.520 --> 2421.640]  it's hypoacoeic in the area,
+[2421.640 --> 2425.840]  filling in with most likely hematoma in this area.
+[2425.840 --> 2429.320]  And then the arrowhead is pointing at the end of that muscle
+[2429.320 --> 2433.280]  tendon unit that has shortened up from the attention
+[2433.280 --> 2434.440]  on the muscle unit.
+[2435.400 --> 2437.240]  All the way over here on the right,
+[2438.360 --> 2442.200]  different types of muscle tears of the pectoralis.
+[2442.200 --> 2445.960]  You can have muscle tears that occur more approximately
+[2445.960 --> 2447.560]  at the sternum,
+[2448.280 --> 2450.760]  clavicle and ribs.
+[2450.760 --> 2453.000]  Usually these we don't address,
+[2453.000 --> 2454.560]  those are not repaired.
+[2454.560 --> 2458.680]  And then mid substance tears also of pectoralis
+[2458.680 --> 2461.080]  impossible to repair.
+[2461.120 --> 2464.640]  So those are usually treated nonoperatively.
+[2464.640 --> 2466.520]  The ones we're concerned about
+[2466.520 --> 2467.920]  or where the tendon tears off.
+[2467.920 --> 2470.600]  And most commonly this is at the,
+[2470.600 --> 2472.560]  either the myotininous junction
+[2472.560 --> 2476.320]  or the tinnus, intratininous
+[2476.320 --> 2481.400]  or at the hewarl insertion on the upper arm
+[2481.400 --> 2484.800]  and all of those can and should be repaired.
+[2484.800 --> 2486.960]  Occasionally, at the bottom there,
+[2486.960 --> 2491.720]  you can see the bony evulsion type mechanism.
+[2491.720 --> 2494.320]  And that one can be repaired as well
+[2494.320 --> 2499.400]  and should be repaired to return normal function
+[2499.400 --> 2501.400]  to the upper extremity.
+[2503.160 --> 2505.000]  All right.
+[2505.000 --> 2506.920]  Here's the ultrasound.
+[2506.920 --> 2508.520]  I showed you the picture of this.
+[2508.520 --> 2510.400]  The red represents the ultrasound head.
+[2510.400 --> 2513.480]  You can slide down short axis to the upper arm.
+[2513.480 --> 2515.560]  See the biceps tin and you follow it down
+[2515.680 --> 2518.760]  until you start to see the biceps tin
+[2518.760 --> 2521.280]  and biceps muscle junction.
+[2521.280 --> 2523.560]  And that's where you're gonna see the pectoralis
+[2523.560 --> 2525.280]  overlying.
+[2525.280 --> 2526.960]  And you'll get the pictures
+[2526.960 --> 2529.400]  that were demonstrated there in AMB.
+[2531.200 --> 2532.240]  Right.
+[2532.240 --> 2536.800]  Moving on to crush injuries and fractures.
+[2538.640 --> 2540.920]  Common fractures to the hand
+[2540.920 --> 2542.560]  in the finger here demonstrated
+[2542.680 --> 2545.320]  a bleak fracture of the proximal failinx.
+[2546.680 --> 2550.320]  These are sometimes difficult to deal with.
+[2550.320 --> 2552.080]  Can have a significant amount of shortening
+[2552.080 --> 2555.320]  and rotation of the finger.
+[2555.320 --> 2557.320]  The more proximal the fracture is,
+[2557.320 --> 2560.360]  the more likely it is to rotate.
+[2560.360 --> 2563.840]  These need to be generally reduced.
+[2564.840 --> 2567.240]  May need surgery to hold them in place,
+[2567.240 --> 2572.240]  especially if there is a significant amount of rotation
+[2572.560 --> 2574.920]  of the fingers themselves,
+[2574.920 --> 2577.360]  otherwise casted and splunted.
+[2577.360 --> 2579.640]  Crush injuries are always a concern
+[2579.640 --> 2584.440]  when you can have traumatic amputations secondary
+[2584.440 --> 2586.600]  to the crush injuries.
+[2586.600 --> 2587.760]  And so for the workup,
+[2587.760 --> 2590.960]  almost always is required for something like this.
+[2590.960 --> 2594.200]  CT scan or MRI to take a look at the soft tissue
+[2594.200 --> 2596.080]  and the integrity of the soft tissue.
+[2598.360 --> 2599.200]  All right.
+[2599.200 --> 2600.040]  Move it on.
+[2600.040 --> 2602.080]  Shoulder injuries to slap, tear,
+[2602.080 --> 2603.720]  and joint dislocations.
+[2604.640 --> 2606.720]  Common joints are shoulder.
+[2606.720 --> 2609.000]  I'll demonstrate a couple of techniques
+[2609.000 --> 2612.120]  of shoulder reduction that are kind of nice.
+[2612.120 --> 2616.640]  Elbow finger, patella dislocations, I'll demonstrate.
+[2616.640 --> 2618.320]  And then the SC joint,
+[2618.320 --> 2619.640]  but also the AC joint,
+[2619.640 --> 2621.960]  you can have dislocations as well.
+[2621.960 --> 2624.920]  Or in those cases, we call them separations.
+[2626.560 --> 2630.040]  So starting up at the shoulder, slap tear.
+[2630.040 --> 2632.280]  Slap tear is a superior,
+[2633.520 --> 2636.800]  labral injury and tear,
+[2636.800 --> 2638.640]  anterior to posterior.
+[2639.600 --> 2641.760]  Occurring and approximately at the level
+[2641.760 --> 2643.760]  of this long head of biceps,
+[2643.760 --> 2645.440]  attach them both on the glenoid
+[2645.440 --> 2650.240]  and then also some fibers are sent to this labrum as well.
+[2651.880 --> 2653.520]  Some of these are non-surgical,
+[2653.520 --> 2657.280]  depending on the size and the grading of the tears.
+[2657.280 --> 2660.760]  Some we can manage within our particular injections
+[2660.760 --> 2663.680]  to calm down the pain and move on with physical therapy.
+[2663.680 --> 2667.800]  If the tears are large and compromised ability
+[2667.800 --> 2669.200]  of the shoulder,
+[2669.200 --> 2672.880]  then you're talking surgical repair of the slap lesion.
+[2674.960 --> 2677.560]  Joint dislocations on the left side of the screen there,
+[2677.560 --> 2681.800]  demonstrated fingers, dorsal dislocation
+[2681.800 --> 2684.080]  in the most common type.
+[2684.080 --> 2685.520]  This is at the DIP joint,
+[2685.520 --> 2687.440]  but can also occur at other joints,
+[2687.440 --> 2692.240]  such as the PIPE or proximal interflangial joint.
+[2692.240 --> 2693.400]  On the right side of the screen,
+[2693.400 --> 2696.600]  you can see a shoulder dislocation
+[2696.600 --> 2699.240]  with a classic presentation,
+[2699.240 --> 2702.800]  where you see the squaring off of the shoulder,
+[2702.800 --> 2704.880]  if you will, underneath the acromion,
+[2705.840 --> 2710.160]  the humerus has slipped down both anterior and inferior,
+[2710.160 --> 2713.480]  which is the most common direction of dislocation.
+[2713.480 --> 2714.440]  It's hard to see here,
+[2714.440 --> 2717.480]  but you might see a little ball over the anterior aspect
+[2717.480 --> 2719.880]  of the normal location of the shoulder.
+[2719.880 --> 2722.120]  If you compare one side to the other side,
+[2722.120 --> 2725.960]  you can see the injured side has this nice square cutoff
+[2725.960 --> 2728.280]  or drop off of the shoulder,
+[2728.280 --> 2730.840]  whereas there's much more rounding of the shoulders
+[2730.840 --> 2732.080]  on the normal side.
+[2733.960 --> 2735.640]  Some other dislocations you can see,
+[2735.640 --> 2740.080]  Patela almost always dislocation is to the lateral side,
+[2740.080 --> 2743.320]  the white arrow in the picture to the left,
+[2743.320 --> 2745.440]  demonstrates the Patela located,
+[2745.440 --> 2750.040]  and just lateral to the lateral femoral condyle.
+[2750.040 --> 2754.200]  The blue arrow points to the medial Patela femoral ligament
+[2754.200 --> 2757.640]  that holds it in place has been completely torn.
+[2757.640 --> 2759.400]  In the red shows the trochleo
+[2759.400 --> 2764.400]  where that normal Patela should be located at.
+[2764.880 --> 2766.960]  So this is a Patela dislocation.
+[2767.920 --> 2771.240]  The middle picture, you see an SC separation,
+[2771.240 --> 2776.240]  where the pavicle has overridden gone anterior
+[2778.200 --> 2780.880]  to the sternum, you hope that that's the case.
+[2782.480 --> 2787.480]  This oftentimes is non-surgical, however,
+[2787.880 --> 2789.840]  if the dislocation is posterior,
+[2789.840 --> 2792.480]  it's one of the few musculoskeletal injuries
+[2792.480 --> 2796.760]  that are emergent or urgent for reduction.
+[2796.760 --> 2800.520]  You have a lot of important stuff back behind
+[2800.560 --> 2802.680]  that clavicle that can get injured,
+[2802.680 --> 2805.560]  including the airway, the food tube,
+[2805.560 --> 2809.040]  as well as arteries that lead to the head and the brain.
+[2809.840 --> 2812.760]  So most often, fortunately,
+[2812.760 --> 2816.920]  these SC separations occur anterior to the sternum,
+[2816.920 --> 2819.640]  but if there's a posterior dislocation to the sternum,
+[2819.640 --> 2822.400]  that's a medical emergency.
+[2822.400 --> 2824.440]  And then you can see this Patela here,
+[2824.440 --> 2829.440]  weightlifter that's his elbow and shoulder is just totally wrong.
+[2829.920 --> 2832.480]  So that's most likely a fracture dislocation
+[2832.480 --> 2834.320]  when you see something like that.
+[2835.800 --> 2840.480]  Relocation, best done early on
+[2840.480 --> 2842.840]  before the muscles have tightened up
+[2842.840 --> 2846.000]  and work against you.
+[2846.000 --> 2847.600]  You get one or two tries.
+[2847.600 --> 2851.640]  Usually if you attempt this in the field,
+[2851.640 --> 2854.280]  muscles haven't spasmed up yet,
+[2854.280 --> 2855.600]  and usually you do pretty good
+[2855.600 --> 2858.840]  with reducing these, especially on shoulders.
+[2858.840 --> 2860.520]  Sometimes on elbows as well,
+[2860.520 --> 2864.680]  fingers are good ones to reduce in the field as well.
+[2864.680 --> 2868.200]  Consider the possibility of fracture with the dislocation.
+[2868.200 --> 2870.160]  So it can either occur with the injury
+[2870.160 --> 2872.920]  or with the reduction maneuver,
+[2872.920 --> 2874.920]  as long as you don't try too many times
+[2874.920 --> 2876.480]  or put over pressure on,
+[2876.480 --> 2879.080]  you usually are pretty safe with not fracturing
+[2879.080 --> 2883.960]  with your reduction procedure, but those can happen.
+[2883.960 --> 2887.160]  So most of these eventually need to be x-rayed.
+[2888.160 --> 2892.160]  It may need some form of sedation to eventually get in
+[2892.160 --> 2895.040]  or reduce the joint, especially in the shoulder,
+[2895.040 --> 2898.240]  especially in someone who's weightlifter and well muscular.
+[2899.440 --> 2902.160]  Attraction, distraction,
+[2902.160 --> 2906.640]  generally the best way to go with reduction of these injuries.
+[2906.640 --> 2909.120]  You get the muscle spasm to resolve
+[2909.120 --> 2913.280]  and then usually the joints reduce on their own.
+[2913.280 --> 2915.160]  Nice technique here down on the bottom,
+[2915.160 --> 2917.040]  on the self-reduction technique,
+[2917.040 --> 2918.400]  where you use your hands,
+[2918.400 --> 2922.680]  clasps around your knee and just kinda sit back
+[2922.680 --> 2927.520]  and you can reduce your shoulder on your own
+[2927.520 --> 2932.240]  and safe technique to use good technique
+[2932.240 --> 2935.120]  if you're by yourself.
+[2935.120 --> 2937.240]  The technique I like for shoulder reduction
+[2937.240 --> 2939.880]  and there's tons of different reductions,
+[2939.880 --> 2943.040]  but the success that I have with generally weightlifters
+[2943.160 --> 2945.240]  is externally rotating the elbow
+[2945.240 --> 2949.800]  and then flexing the arm up, overhead and almost always
+[2949.800 --> 2953.000]  these will reduce the dislocation.
+[2955.120 --> 2957.920]  Prolapse, kinocurve, from increased
+[2957.920 --> 2961.360]  into abdominal pressure that we saw with the dalsalva.
+[2962.920 --> 2967.320]  This is a one to once again a surgical type problem
+[2967.320 --> 2969.040]  that needs to be repaired,
+[2969.040 --> 2971.920]  but you can have rectal prolapse in response
+[2972.000 --> 2974.240]  to that increased abdominal pressure.
+[2975.800 --> 2980.800]  And then finally, head and spine injuries can occur.
+[2982.680 --> 2985.560]  Skull fractures, usually from the weights,
+[2985.560 --> 2989.960]  this poor unfortunate soul dropped the weight on himself
+[2989.960 --> 2992.040]  and hit the head.
+[2992.040 --> 2997.040]  You can cause fracture of the skull, head injury, concussion
+[2998.040 --> 3001.680]  and at the least hematoma.
+[3001.680 --> 3004.920]  Some controversy about e-use clips
+[3004.920 --> 3008.360]  or don't you use clips bench pressing.
+[3008.360 --> 3011.400]  Some people will argue no use of clips
+[3011.400 --> 3015.840]  allows the weights to fall off one side
+[3015.840 --> 3018.720]  and hopefully you can bail out a little bit easier.
+[3018.720 --> 3020.480]  You can see that in this picture here
+[3020.480 --> 3025.480]  where these weights are starting to slide down the bar
+[3026.440 --> 3031.440]  and once the weights are bailed out
+[3031.600 --> 3035.120]  and you can bail out and push the bar over is the hope.
+[3036.640 --> 3038.880]  And then finally spine injuries,
+[3038.880 --> 3041.960]  either from increased pressures like I talked about
+[3041.960 --> 3046.960]  to overuse, although the discs are fairly resistant
+[3047.640 --> 3052.640]  to axial compression, twisting turning mechanisms
+[3052.760 --> 3057.600]  often cause are introduced with weightlifting,
+[3057.600 --> 3061.240]  especially with the bar and can introduce injury
+[3061.240 --> 3063.520]  to these structures as well.
+[3063.520 --> 3066.080]  Obviously overuse with muscle strain
+[3066.080 --> 3070.200]  and the possibility of degenerative changes over time.
+[3070.200 --> 3073.080]  Looking at this spine, you can see a loss
+[3073.080 --> 3075.160]  of the normal lordatic curve.
+[3075.160 --> 3079.080]  So the spine has straightened out a bit primarily
+[3079.080 --> 3084.080]  related to loss of muscle tightness or muscle spasm,
+[3084.720 --> 3087.000]  secondary to muscle strain.
+[3088.640 --> 3091.320]  Now here you can see at this level,
+[3091.320 --> 3095.800]  to space narrowing most likely in secondary
+[3095.800 --> 3098.720]  to disc herniation and chronic changes.
+[3100.440 --> 3104.480]  So that's a disc space narrowing and herniation.
+[3104.480 --> 3106.440]  With the degenerative changes,
+[3106.440 --> 3110.680]  you can have some shifting as we see at this level here
+[3111.800 --> 3116.600]  and this is spinal oveces or slippage of one level
+[3116.600 --> 3117.840]  on another.
+[3117.840 --> 3120.240]  Certainly I concern is compromise or injury
+[3120.240 --> 3121.800]  that can occur to nerve roots
+[3121.800 --> 3124.640]  and cause neurological problems as well.
+[3125.760 --> 3130.160]  That's what I had prepared for injuries
+[3130.160 --> 3133.560]  and I will leave the rest of the time for questions.
+[3136.560 --> 3140.280]  Excellent, thank you so much, Dr. Baker and Dr. Majora.
+[3140.280 --> 3142.840]  Those were both great presentations
+[3142.840 --> 3146.680]  and I think focused on not only proper form
+[3146.680 --> 3148.720]  and just the basics of a lot of lifting
+[3148.720 --> 3152.840]  but also the common injuries and treatments
+[3152.840 --> 3155.760]  for which we have those lifting injuries.
+[3155.760 --> 3159.520]  So one more thing before we get to the Q&A
+[3159.520 --> 3163.880]  because you're both physicians and athletic
+[3163.880 --> 3166.080]  or certified athletic trainers,
+[3166.080 --> 3169.920]  I was curious if you would be willing to share
+[3169.920 --> 3173.000]  how your medical practice is positively impacted
+[3173.000 --> 3175.920]  by your dual certifications and how you see
+[3175.920 --> 3177.680]  that come to light in your practice.
+[3181.600 --> 3186.120]  Yeah, so I'll go first and Bob, I'll give you a break.
+[3187.200 --> 3191.720]  So I actually never really even thought about being a doctor
+[3191.720 --> 3194.080]  until my athletic trainer at Purdue
+[3194.920 --> 3197.600]  recommended doing something with my life
+[3197.600 --> 3200.840]  other than just continuing to be a student.
+[3200.840 --> 3205.160]  And so it's really I think a leg up
+[3205.160 --> 3210.160]  and we took probably three or four different anatomy classes
+[3210.240 --> 3212.640]  while we were in athletic training school
+[3212.640 --> 3217.280]  and then you get into any kind of grad situation,
+[3217.280 --> 3219.680]  grad school and then you go to medical school.
+[3219.680 --> 3221.560]  Anatomy was a walk in the park
+[3221.560 --> 3223.360]  because we had already done everything
+[3223.360 --> 3227.720]  and then you do all of your evaluations of athletes
+[3227.720 --> 3231.360]  and you figure out how to put rehab programs together.
+[3231.360 --> 3233.200]  You know how to make pads.
+[3233.200 --> 3236.560]  I remember I'm sure Bob has done the same
+[3236.560 --> 3239.960]  but making a felt donut pad for an athlete
+[3239.960 --> 3242.000]  to offload an area of injury.
+[3242.000 --> 3245.200]  So those are kind of the things that athletic trainers
+[3245.200 --> 3248.960]  are just so versatile and they can do pretty much anything
+[3248.960 --> 3250.240]  with a popsicle stick.
+[3250.240 --> 3254.440]  So I do think that it adds quite a bit to our practice
+[3254.440 --> 3257.320]  that we can appreciate.
+[3257.320 --> 3260.600]  I think number one, we can appreciate what they do
+[3260.600 --> 3264.240]  for our athletes and understand where they're coming from
+[3264.240 --> 3266.440]  and then we also know what they're capable of.
+[3266.440 --> 3270.880]  So I think it's always been a love of my sport.
+[3270.880 --> 3273.280]  So I think being an athletic trainer is just awesome.
+[3275.720 --> 3278.920]  I was actually athletic trainer in high school
+[3278.920 --> 3282.640]  and went on and enjoyed what I was doing
+[3282.640 --> 3284.680]  and then in college same thing.
+[3284.680 --> 3288.680]  I kind of wanted to get more involved in the diagnosis
+[3288.680 --> 3292.960]  of entreatment of athletes and injuries
+[3292.960 --> 3295.280]  and it's been invaluable to kind of know
+[3295.280 --> 3297.800]  how things work on the sidelines.
+[3297.800 --> 3302.800]  It is the ultimate teamwork environment.
+[3302.800 --> 3307.800]  So we have consultants that we work with on the sidelines.
+[3307.800 --> 3310.800]  We have our neurologists that we work with.
+[3310.800 --> 3313.800]  We have other folks, cardiologists, orthopedic.
+[3313.800 --> 3317.800]  And managing that and managing your consultants,
+[3317.800 --> 3322.800]  communicating between everybody is kind of the challenge
+[3322.800 --> 3325.800]  and you have to work as a team.
+[3325.800 --> 3328.800]  And I think the biggest indication of the teamwork
+[3328.800 --> 3331.800]  is that when we're on the sidelines
+[3332.800 --> 3335.800]  Dr. Majores will attest to this.
+[3335.800 --> 3339.000]  There's very little communication that happens.
+[3339.000 --> 3343.080]  So when we see an injury, we know when we need to step up.
+[3343.080 --> 3345.800]  If it's injury that I'm going to deal with,
+[3345.800 --> 3349.480]  abdominal injury trauma, those types of things,
+[3349.480 --> 3351.160]  I'll take over on that.
+[3351.160 --> 3354.800]  If it's musculoskeletal and nature or orthopedic folks
+[3354.800 --> 3356.600]  we'll take over on that.
+[3356.600 --> 3358.560]  And then if it's head injury concussion
+[3358.560 --> 3360.920]  and our neurological folks take over on that.
+[3360.920 --> 3365.920]  So it's really prepared me for how you should operate
+[3366.320 --> 3370.240]  as a physician with all those different folks around you
+[3370.240 --> 3373.000]  that have their expertise and their specialties.
+[3373.000 --> 3375.800]  And they know when to step in and take over
+[3375.800 --> 3377.400]  and drive the ship.
+[3377.400 --> 3379.920]  And we just kind of stand back
+[3379.920 --> 3382.080]  and left our good people take care of folks.
+[3382.080 --> 3386.280]  So that's where I think that athletic training program
+[3386.280 --> 3390.200]  has benefited me the most and really understanding,
+[3391.000 --> 3393.440]  the specifics of what goes on in the sidelines
+[3393.440 --> 3397.600]  but then applying that to kind of the teamwork in the office.
+[3397.600 --> 3401.240]  Yeah, thanks so much for sharing and appreciate it.
+[3401.240 --> 3403.000]  All right, looks like we have a few questions
+[3403.000 --> 3405.160]  in the chat that we can answer.
+[3405.160 --> 3408.520]  What is the optimal timeframe to do a relocation
+[3408.520 --> 3411.440]  before muscle spasms and other complications set in?
+[3412.480 --> 3414.320]  As soon as you make the diagnosis
+[3414.320 --> 3417.000]  is the best time to do that.
+[3417.000 --> 3420.280]  And I really think it's a compassion type thing.
+[3420.280 --> 3423.640]  I mean, you want to reduce that to reduce their pain.
+[3423.640 --> 3427.040]  It will be the first reduction that you do.
+[3427.040 --> 3429.680]  It will be so rewarding because they come in
+[3429.680 --> 3431.560]  they're painful, uncomfortable.
+[3431.560 --> 3435.280]  You reduce the joint and the pain goes away.
+[3435.280 --> 3439.280]  So really, really good success with something like that.
+[3439.280 --> 3440.840]  If it doesn't, then that tells you
+[3440.840 --> 3442.400]  that something else is going on.
+[3442.400 --> 3444.520]  I always remember one of my colleagues
+[3444.520 --> 3446.400]  that worked with our team physician
+[3446.400 --> 3450.800]  at Illinois and diagnosed shoulder dislocation.
+[3450.800 --> 3453.680]  They took the football player into the locker room
+[3453.680 --> 3457.880]  and performed the maneuver and reduced the shoulder.
+[3457.880 --> 3462.560]  And afterwards the athlete was still painful
+[3462.560 --> 3465.200]  and that's when our orthopedic team physician said,
+[3465.200 --> 3467.760]  okay, pathology's still painful.
+[3467.760 --> 3469.000]  What does that tell you?
+[3470.480 --> 3473.080]  It tells you that it's got something else going on
+[3473.080 --> 3474.960]  besides a shoulder dislocation.
+[3475.960 --> 3479.000]  So you want to think about those things.
+[3479.000 --> 3480.800]  You want to be compassionate about it.
+[3480.800 --> 3485.040]  Even though most, and I think I saw something
+[3485.040 --> 3488.720]  in the chat about this, most reductions,
+[3488.720 --> 3493.480]  I think it's reasonable after you do the reduction,
+[3493.480 --> 3498.000]  at least to get an X-ray document that the joint is reduced
+[3498.000 --> 3501.240]  and document any type of injury or fracture
+[3501.240 --> 3503.920]  that has occurred.
+[3505.120 --> 3509.960]  We had, there is some controversy amongst us,
+[3511.640 --> 3515.000]  orthopedic primary care in terms of some
+[3515.000 --> 3519.120]  of the other non-typical dislocation elbows,
+[3519.120 --> 3521.120]  folks will argue, well, you know what?
+[3521.120 --> 3522.440]  You're going to go in any way.
+[3522.440 --> 3524.200]  Should you do an X-ray?
+[3524.200 --> 3527.240]  Before you do the reduction of the elbow
+[3527.240 --> 3529.520]  and then after the reduction of the elbow,
+[3529.520 --> 3533.520]  just a document, what occurred with the injury
+[3533.680 --> 3536.240]  or occurred with the reduction?
+[3536.240 --> 3539.120]  Not a bad thing to think about,
+[3539.120 --> 3541.880]  but once again, I come back to the fact that the best time
+[3541.880 --> 3544.440]  to reduce that with the least complications
+[3544.440 --> 3546.040]  is going to be early on.
+[3546.040 --> 3547.880]  So I think from a compassion type thing,
+[3547.880 --> 3550.520]  for me, it's an individual type thing,
+[3550.520 --> 3554.800]  it depends on your comfort with doing those procedures.
+[3554.800 --> 3557.760]  But I would take a shot at reducing the elbow,
+[3557.760 --> 3559.400]  knowing what your limitations are
+[3559.400 --> 3562.360]  and knowing that if you can't get it reduced
+[3562.360 --> 3565.200]  with a good try, use the right mechanism,
+[3565.200 --> 3568.440]  then you kind of move on with something like that
+[3568.440 --> 3569.600]  and you don't force it.
+[3569.600 --> 3572.120]  So as long as you do it responsibly,
+[3572.120 --> 3575.040]  I think it's a reasonable thing to at least take a shot at
+[3575.040 --> 3577.600]  and try out in the field to really relieve
+[3577.600 --> 3579.400]  some folks pain, discomfort.
+[3579.400 --> 3581.400]  With the idea of knowing that, you know what,
+[3581.400 --> 3582.440]  they're probably going to have to go
+[3582.440 --> 3584.040]  and get an X-ray anyways.
+[3585.760 --> 3586.960]  Hey, great 100%.
+[3586.960 --> 3591.320]  I did drink to bring that athletic training back into it
+[3591.880 --> 3594.120]  our head athletic trainer's always taught us.
+[3595.040 --> 3597.520]  You reduce it on the field as you're walking off.
+[3597.520 --> 3599.120]  You know, you want to distract them,
+[3599.120 --> 3600.400]  tell them something, funny,
+[3600.400 --> 3602.520]  get them to laugh and then boom, get it back in.
+[3602.520 --> 3606.080]  So yeah, I would agree 100% try right away
+[3606.080 --> 3608.520]  as soon as you can get it, you know,
+[3608.520 --> 3611.320]  and if you can't get it, then figure out something else.
+[3612.560 --> 3613.640]  All right.
+[3613.640 --> 3617.280]  Well, just to be mindful of everyone's time tonight,
+[3617.280 --> 3619.320]  there's no more questions, I'm sure.
+[3619.320 --> 3623.360]  We can field some at another date if you want to email us
+[3623.360 --> 3627.160]  or check us out on Instagram or Twitter,
+[3627.160 --> 3628.560]  we're active on there.
+[3628.560 --> 3631.840]  But on behalf of all the members and attendance tonight,
+[3631.840 --> 3634.400]  I'd like to thank Dr. Majora's and Dr. Baker
+[3634.400 --> 3636.600]  for taking the time from your busy schedules
+[3636.600 --> 3638.920]  to spend time with all of us tonight
+[3638.920 --> 3642.040]  and sharing valuable information on proper technique
+[3642.040 --> 3644.720]  and also injuries and treatments
+[3644.720 --> 3647.120]  for those barbell injuries.
+[3647.120 --> 3649.120]  And just so we all know the MSAG webinar,
+[3649.120 --> 3651.840]  sideline management, a two part series,
+[3651.840 --> 3654.680]  it was scheduled for next Monday, January 29th
+[3654.680 --> 3656.760]  and Tuesday, January 30th,
+[3656.760 --> 3659.920]  has been postponed due to unforeseen circumstances,
+[3659.920 --> 3661.240]  but we will be rescheduling it.
+[3661.240 --> 3665.920]  So look out for a updated date on that.
+[3665.920 --> 3667.800]  And then looking at for the February,
+[3667.800 --> 3669.760]  there'll be three journal club meetings
+[3669.760 --> 3672.600]  with the first meeting scheduled on February 1st
+[3672.600 --> 3674.800]  to 8.30 p.m. Eastern time,
+[3674.800 --> 3676.880]  featuring three presentations.
+[3676.880 --> 3678.520]  And there'll be two primary authors
+[3678.520 --> 3680.880]  serving as the club mentors at that meeting,
+[3680.880 --> 3684.400]  Dr. Jonathan Dresner and Dr. Holly Benjamin.
+[3684.400 --> 3686.800]  And then our second meeting is scheduled at 8.30 p.m.
+[3686.800 --> 3688.480]  Eastern time on February 8th.
+[3688.480 --> 3690.400]  And then the third meeting will be scheduled later
+[3690.400 --> 3692.960]  in February date to TBD,
+[3692.960 --> 3695.280]  but keep an eye out for that as well.
+[3695.280 --> 3697.560]  I hope that you all make plans to join us.
+[3697.560 --> 3700.960]  And I'd like to thank everyone attending tonight's MSAG webinar
+[3700.960 --> 3703.640]  is my pleasure serving as the moderator tonight.
+[3703.640 --> 3706.000]  And this concludes tonight's webinar session.
+[3707.440 --> 3709.000]  Thank you, Carly.
+[3709.000 --> 3709.840]  Thank you.
+[3709.840 --> 3710.840]  Thank you.

transcript/webinar_ewuvpB2QUf8.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+[0.000 --> 7.200]  Welcome to our webinar that's jointly offered by the Mobileye Center and the Restore Center at Stanford University.
+[7.200 --> 14.600]  My name is Jen Hicks and one of the associate directors of both of those centers and excited to serve as the moderator today.
+[14.600 --> 23.000]  Today's speaker is Carmichael Ong who will be talking about our team's work, developing open sense to analyze motion with a
+[23.000 --> 26.000]  inertial measurement unit or IMU data.
+[26.000 --> 35.000]  The first part of the webinar will present the algorithms and work we've done for validation and then the second part will be a hands-on tutorial.
+[35.000 --> 37.000]  Next slide.
+[37.000 --> 46.000]  So as I mentioned today's webinar series is brought to you by Mobileye Center and Restore Center, which are both supported by the National Institutes of Health.
+[46.000 --> 56.000]  The Mobileye Center is focused on developing and sharing state-of-the-art biomechanics and machine learning tools for researchers to help them analyze human movement.
+[56.000 --> 66.000]  The Restore Center is working to make these and other tools for real-world assessments of movement more widely available to the rehab research community.
+[66.000 --> 76.000]  Before we dive in, a couple quick reminders about the format of the webinar will have a research talk and then a tutorial and we love to take your questions for both.
+[76.000 --> 81.000]  We'll take those questions at the end of the research talk and also at the end of the tutorial.
+[81.000 --> 89.000]  Please type those questions into the Q&A panel in Zoom. So not the chat, please use the Q&A panel.
+[89.000 --> 99.000]  With that, I'd like to introduce our speaker for today. So Carmichael Ong is a research engineer with the Mobileye Center and Restore Center at Stanford.
+[99.000 --> 109.000]  And is interested in doing work to help leverage wearable sensors and other modalities to improve rehabilitation, really rehabilitation research and outcomes.
+[109.000 --> 121.000]  The Artis PhD at Stanford and Bioengineering and developed simulations that predict human movement to gain insight into gate pathologies and to assist in exoskeleton design.
+[121.000 --> 133.000]  With that, I'm very excited to pass it over to Carmichael. Thank you everyone for joining us and looking forward to the talk and your questions later. Go ahead, Carmichael.
+[133.000 --> 143.000]  Great, I will set up screen sharing.
+[143.000 --> 162.000]  I think that should work. Great, so thanks so much for the introduction. And today I'll be sharing some of the work that we're doing in developing our open-sense software for analyzing movement using wearable sensors called I'm use or inertial measurement units.
+[162.000 --> 172.000]  So here's the outline of key points that will cover in this part of today's webinar. We'll first motivate why we might want to use inertial measurement units to measure motion.
+[172.000 --> 184.000]  We'll discuss some of the challenges of using I'm use for measuring motion. And then we'll introduce open sense and the validation we did for measuring gate over long durations.
+[184.000 --> 191.000]  Measurements of movement by mechanics such as joint angles and ground reaction forces can give important information about analyzing someone's movement.
+[191.000 --> 207.000]  These measures can also be used in computational tools such as simulations to estimate important by mechanical parameters, including muscle force and lengths and joint contact forces, which could lead to important detailed insights into movement.
+[207.000 --> 220.000]  Typically high quality data is gathered in specialized gate labs. These labs often have many cameras, force plates and other equipment to give detailed information about a person's movement like joint angle is ground reaction forces and energy expenditure.
+[220.000 --> 228.000]  Train personnel are needed to help collect and process all of these data.
+[228.000 --> 239.000]  While measuring movement has in the past been limited to these gate labs, the recent proliferation of devices of I'm use or inertial measurement units opens the door for measurements out of the lab.
+[239.000 --> 257.000]  So what are I'm use I'm user devices that have a combination of sensors, including accelerometers, gyroscopes and magnetometers that directly measure linear accelerations or how fast the I'm used stopping or starting moving rotational velocities, how fast the I'm you spinning and magnetic field.
+[257.000 --> 264.000]  These sensors are widely available, individual sensors can even be readily found on Amazon if you're looking to create your own setup.
+[264.000 --> 271.000]  Commercial systems provide fully integrated setups with many I'm use shown as the orange blocks on the person in the middle.
+[271.000 --> 283.000]  Finally, many common devices, including our phones and watches, already contain I'm use that could also be used to to provide data on movement.
+[283.000 --> 296.000]  I'm use could help change how rehab and clinical decisions are made. Typically high quality data is gathered in gate labs, but these data are collected rarely often with monster years in between some assessments.
+[296.000 --> 304.000]  I'm user well positioned to complement clinical assessments by providing measurements between visits to the clinic or gate lab.
+[304.000 --> 316.000]  Every day devices such as smart watches and phones can be used to give consistent monitoring and setups with additional I'm use could also be used to give more detailed data than with watches and phones alone.
+[316.000 --> 325.000]  Together, all of these devices could be used to fill in the gaps to give a more complete view of a person's movement.
+[325.000 --> 338.000]  One of our interests in using I'm use for rehab research is to see how we can use I'm used to make accurate assessments needed for certain rehab applications and we want to develop workflows that overcome challenges with working with I'm use.
+[338.000 --> 348.000]  Joint angles get important insight into movement, but I'm used to not directly measure orientation and space or joint angles. So how can we get joint angles from I'm use.
+[348.000 --> 358.000]  Sensor fusion methods combine data from the different sensors, the accelerometer gyro and magnetometer to measure the I'm use orientation and space.
+[358.000 --> 373.000]  Multiple I'm use on a place on a person can be used then to estimate joint angles. For instance, in the figure on top, two I'm used placed on the upper and lower arms shown by the orange blocks can measure orientations independently.
+[373.000 --> 381.000]  Then these orientations can be used together to estimate the joint the joint angle such as the elbow.
+[381.000 --> 393.000]  Two challenges with these devices, however, is that the raw data is noisy that estimating orientations from accelerations and velocities can lead to drift or the accumulation of error over time.
+[393.000 --> 408.000]  And the plot on the bottom right is the estimation of a joint angle over time for a walking trial. So while we expect the data to be periodic, we see that this data is mean drifts upwards over time.
+[408.000 --> 414.000]  Fortunately, a bunch of work has been done to develop methods that address this problem with drift.
+[414.000 --> 422.000]  And in the instance, some sensor fusion algorithms such as those developed by my homie and colleagues and magic and colleagues can mitigate drift.
+[422.000 --> 432.000]  Kinematic models have also been used to help mitigate drift and these models are composed of a set of connected segments that represent the bodies and joints of the human skeletal system.
+[432.000 --> 439.000]  Since these constrained solutions to realistic motions, they've been shown to help improve estimates of joint angles.
+[439.000 --> 442.000]  And the way we've used this approach are shown on the right.
+[442.000 --> 453.000]  County far and colleagues estimate in motion during a single leg squat using a lower limb kinematic model shown on the left that includes a hip, knee and ankle joint and the locations of the sensors.
+[453.000 --> 464.000]  And Wagers and colleagues used a kinematic model to obtain results without drift during a seven minute gate trial.
+[464.000 --> 470.000]  And it's a build upon the successful work in the field to see if we could estimate joint angles for even longer durations.
+[470.000 --> 479.000]  Showing that these methods work for longer durations such as 10 minutes and beyond will increase the capabilities of I am used to measure movement in real world cases.
+[479.000 --> 488.000]  To do this, the team developed a workflow called open sense, which uses I am you orientation data and a kinematic model to estimate joint angles.
+[488.000 --> 496.000]  And then validated against traditional marker based motion capture methods to see how it performed over longer durations.
+[496.000 --> 509.000]  This work is detailed and a pre print on bio archives and the team all shown here were led by co first authors, Maus and Alborn and Johano day.
+[509.000 --> 519.000]  And then go over two major points here. So first, we'll talk about what is open sense and how does it work and how does it compare to the traditional marker based motion capture workflow.
+[519.000 --> 527.000]  And then afterwards, we'll talk about some of the validation steps that we did.
+[527.000 --> 534.000]  So what is open sense open sense is a workflow that provides open source tools for estimating kinematics with I am use.
+[534.000 --> 540.000]  And then this is by taking I'm you orientation data along with a kinematic model to estimate joint angles.
+[540.000 --> 547.000]  We've built open sense on top of our open source musculoskeletal modeling package called open sin.
+[547.000 --> 553.000]  And this allows us to use many existing opens and models and other components to help estimate joint angles.
+[553.000 --> 563.000]  Fitting to an open some model makes it easier to take the joint angle results and help provide insight into other biomechanical quantities such as muscle links and velocities.
+[563.000 --> 572.000]  So we'll talk about the short simulation using open sense shown on the right.
+[572.000 --> 576.000]  So how do we go from experimental data to joint angles.
+[576.000 --> 583.000]  And the next few slides will compare how this is done using traditional marker based motion capture and then see how it would be done using I'm you data.
+[583.000 --> 592.000]  On the left shows a participant in an experiment where both markers and I am used replaced on the participant to calculate joint angles from both sets of data.
+[592.000 --> 595.000]  Marker show up as these reflective dots.
+[595.000 --> 600.000]  And their positions in the lab make up the marker data.
+[600.000 --> 605.000]  Marker data is used to scale the mass of the model and dimensions of the skeletal system.
+[605.000 --> 616.000]  Marker data along with the scaled model is used as input into inverse kinematics or IK to output joint angles.
+[616.000 --> 626.000]  I am used were also placed on the pelvis thigh shank and foot and these data are used by a sensor fusion step to output the orientation of each I'm you.
+[626.000 --> 628.000]  Similar to the scale step.
+[628.000 --> 637.000]  There's an I'm you place your step that positions the I'm use in the correct orientation on a given model.
+[637.000 --> 647.000]  And then the new model and I'm you orientations are used in inverse kinematics or IK to estimate joint angles.
+[647.000 --> 657.000]  To better understand how I K works each case will go into more detail for how I K works for estimates based on marker data and estimates based on I'm you data.
+[657.000 --> 665.000]  And this will also provide detail into how open sense performs I K with I'm you data.
+[665.000 --> 676.000]  We'll start with marker based motion capture inverse kinematics and on the left we see two sets of markers the pink ones for the model markers and the blue ones for the experimental marker data.
+[676.000 --> 687.000]  On a high level the goal is to find a set of joint coordinate values that minimizes the distance over all sets of markers with some of the distances shown by the red lines.
+[687.000 --> 695.000]  Since we must find some best solution to minimize errors for many markers I case performs through an optimization step.
+[695.000 --> 703.000]  Mathematically we use the expression on the right to find a solution where q are the models coordinates W sub I are the weights for each marker.
+[703.000 --> 709.000]  X exp are experimental marker locations and X model are the model marker locations.
+[709.000 --> 721.000]  We perform an optimization where we want to find the models coordinates q that minimize the sum of the square differences between experimental model marker positions.
+[721.000 --> 731.000]  And we can also weigh each marker differently to increase or decrease its effect on the solution.
+[731.000 --> 743.000]  We use IK similar but based on the orientations of each of the I news on the left we see a model with an I am you on the left femur and it's orientation shown by the blue red and green axes.
+[743.000 --> 757.000]  The experimental orientation is shown on the right and on a high level we want to find this joint a set of joint coordinate values that minimize the orientation differences theta over all of the I am used.
+[757.000 --> 766.000]  The previous IK method of best solution must be found that minimizes errors over many I am you orientations so we perform a similar optimization.
+[766.000 --> 780.000]  Mathematically we use the expression on the right to find a solution where q are the models coordinates W sub I are the weights for each I knew and theta is the orientation differences between experimental and model I am use as pictured on the left.
+[780.000 --> 790.000]  We perform an optimization where we want to find the coordinates q that minimize the sum of the square differences between the experimental and model I am you orientations.
+[790.000 --> 800.000]  And again we can weigh each I am you differently to increase or decrease its effect on the solution.
+[800.000 --> 826.000]  So now I'll jump into how we validated these methods for open sense for estimating joint kinematics over long durations and we'll talk about how our kinematics compare with motion capture workflows and talk about how if these I am you based estimates are consistent over a 10 minute period or in other words we checked if the estimates don't drift.
+[826.000 --> 834.000]  So in this study the authors compared I am you an optical motion capture methods for 10 minutes of walking trials for 11 subjects.
+[834.000 --> 845.000]  Part of one of these trials can be seen on the right performed by continuously walking and turning within the gate lab.
+[845.000 --> 859.000]  We'll take a look at the first question on how an I am you based workflow compared with the motion capture workflow for each minute first through 10th minute the route means squared or RMS difference between I am you based in marker based estimates were calculated.
+[859.000 --> 865.000]  These were visualized as box plots with an example plot shown on the right for knee flexion.
+[865.000 --> 871.000]  So in each minute the box plot shows the spread of the data over the 11 subjects.
+[871.000 --> 878.000]  And a quick reminder of what each box represents the lines and dots for each box indicate the spread of the data.
+[878.000 --> 894.000]  The box shows the median with the middle line and the 25th and 75th percentiles is the top and bottom of the box outliers are shown as dots and the extended lines often called whiskers showed the highest and lowest data points that are not outliers.
+[894.000 --> 899.000]  So we talked about the top of mostly focus on the median of the data.
+[899.000 --> 906.000]  And so we see in the plot on the left that the median subject difference over all minutes was about five degrees.
+[906.000 --> 912.000]  Next I'll show the data over all of the degrees of freedom in the model.
+[912.000 --> 920.000]  So the here's the top row which shows the major lower limb sagittal joint angles hip knee flexion and ankle plan reflection.
+[920.000 --> 925.000]  The row has the pelvis degrees of freedom tilt and list.
+[925.000 --> 940.000]  And out of plain hip angles hip adduction and rotation are shown in the bottom row and note that the hip rotations y axis is larger spanning zero to 30 degrees compared with zero to 20 degrees with the other joint angle plots.
+[940.000 --> 950.000]  For all the subjects in minutes, the median differences were three to six degrees for all angles except for hip rotation with 12 degrees.
+[950.000 --> 960.000]  These differences are within normal variability of motion capture estimates. So the I'm you based workflow compares well with typical motion capture.
+[960.000 --> 965.000]  Next we'll see if the results are consistent or don't drift over a 10 minute period.
+[965.000 --> 974.000]  The plot on the right shows the root mean square difference between I'm you and optical motion captured joint angles between the 10th minute and first minute of data.
+[974.000 --> 988.000]  The median differences were below one degree for all joint angles, including pelvis tilt and list hip flexion, adduction rotation, knee flexion and ankle flexion, which suggests that there was limited drift over the 10 minutes.
+[988.000 --> 998.000]  And the differences were found in hip internal external rotation, which again is one of the most difficult angles to measure accurately.
+[998.000 --> 1012.000]  I'll make one last I'll make one note that about a tweak that improved our results, which was choosing to reduce the weight of the distal I'm use or I'm used towards the end of the lower limbs.
+[1012.000 --> 1023.000]  And that's the waiting factors for the I'm use on the pelvis and thigh were kept at one the TV I'm you wait was set to 0.5 and the foot I'm you wait was set to 0.01.
+[1023.000 --> 1038.000]  During the 10th minute of walking trials, the RMS difference in using these down weighted I'm use so she showed in blue on the left versus uniformly weighted I'm use showed reduced errors for hip knee and ankle angles.
+[1038.000 --> 1050.000]  One reason for this could be due to the experiment being performed in a lab that contained in ground metal force plates, which can cause noise with I'm you data.
+[1050.000 --> 1061.000]  An important goal for us is to disseminate our work so that others can easily use our tools and to understand the needs of the community in order to help guide our development process for open sense.
+[1061.000 --> 1075.000]  To reach as many users as possible, we provide open sense as part of our biomechanical simulation software package called open sim and we added open sense tools directly in our graphical user interface for ease of use.
+[1075.000 --> 1090.000]  We also provide examples and tutorials for open sense on our documentation website to help users get started. And in the second half, we'll go through one of these examples and discuss other resources for using open sense.
+[1090.000 --> 1096.000]  We're excited to see how I'm used will be used to improve rehabilitation research and outcomes over the next years.
+[1096.000 --> 1111.000]  Some takeaways is that there's ongoing work that shows promising results for accurately estimating joint kinematics and that are software for I'm you based movement analysis called open sense is available and actively developed to meet the needs of the community.
+[1111.000 --> 1116.000]  We also welcome input and collaborations with others to help guide development.
+[1116.000 --> 1128.000]  Our next steps include using the results from open sense analyses with open sims powerful libraries to estimate other interesting biomechanical parameters.
+[1128.000 --> 1136.000]  Thanks so much for listening about our work and thanks to the team led by Maus and in Hannah that carried out the validation study we discussed here.
+[1136.000 --> 1144.000]  And finally, thank you to the NIH for funding the restore and mobile ice centers that supported this work.
+[1144.000 --> 1149.000]  Awesome, thank you Carmichael. That was great.
+[1149.000 --> 1165.000]  So now we will go ahead and have time for the Q&A session folks have already started to enter lots of questions there so we'll start taking those feel free to add more.
+[1165.000 --> 1178.000]  I'll go ahead and start at the top a question from Killian nickel can open sense also be used to capture up or extremity movements.
+[1178.000 --> 1191.000]  Yeah, that's a good question. Yeah, open sense is definitely developed very generally so it can while we use it for lower extremity movements here it definitely can be used for upper extremity movements as well.
+[1191.000 --> 1205.000]  We'll presented some validation work looking at the lower extremities so it would be valuable to do similar validation work in the upper extremity as well to understand the how well it works.
+[1205.000 --> 1219.000]  I guess we do we did do a little work in the upper extremity on Patrick's laid developed a hardware plus software tool that uses open sense and did collect some upper extremity data that.
+[1219.000 --> 1237.000]  We used that matched pretty closely to optical motion capture data so we could send that out along with the other follow ups to this webinar and I believe he might present a webinar coming up on that or other topics so stay tuned.
+[1237.000 --> 1250.000]  So we have a question from Claudia Romero a good question. Did you have significant interference with the magnetometer in the lab while doing the validation. Yes.
+[1250.000 --> 1276.000]  If you did how did you solve it. Yes, yes, we definitely did and I hinted at it a little bit rather we we found that some of the I'm use especially closer to all the metal in the ground with the force plates really did affects the magnetometer readings so in the IK problem we down weighted the I'm use closer to the feet.
+[1276.000 --> 1283.000]  So which helped our estimations quite a bit.
+[1283.000 --> 1301.000]  Thank you. Good question and I think I know I'm ongoing challenge perhaps could be make it easier to use the approach out of the lab than in the lab where in some settings you might have less of that disturbance.
+[1301.000 --> 1315.000]  Next question from Vignesh, Rhara Christian. How does the I'm you workflow help to estimate and reduce soft tissue artifacts when using IK.
+[1315.000 --> 1329.000]  That's a really good question. It's unfortunate that in general the noise we see in movement data even with marker data is about the right frequency for the data that we actually want to capture. So that's always going to be an ongoing problem.
+[1329.000 --> 1343.000]  We think that kind of using a combination of the kinematic constraints as well as well as I think of these this optimization problem is blending errors between the different sensors.
+[1343.000 --> 1355.000]  We think that those together can help mitigate some of these problems with soft tissue artifacts, but unfortunately that's kind of a reality of how we capture data if we attach sensors to someone.
+[1355.000 --> 1365.000]  We think it helps a little bit, but of course, validations still super important and it would be great to see more and more validation on that.
+[1365.000 --> 1379.000]  All right, okay, just a quick reminder, please make sure to put your questions in the Q&A panel, not the chat because we're going through them there using the Q&A webinar interface.
+[1379.000 --> 1389.000]  So the question from Srikanth Valla, Valla Bashu Sula apologies for not pronouncing that correctly.
+[1389.000 --> 1400.000]  So thank you for the presentation can open sense be used to analyze data collected using any commercially available I use like a PDM opal sensors or accents.
+[1400.000 --> 1406.000]  And since can actually for this we used accents I use.
+[1406.000 --> 1414.000]  I'll touch on it a little bit in a second half, we do have data importing tools for both APDN and accents.
+[1414.000 --> 1424.000]  Packages so you can use the orientations directly from those two with open sense using some of our scripting languages to import the data.
+[1424.000 --> 1437.000]  Others we would need to do that directly you need data importers and like Carmichael said i'll talk about that a little bit more in the next part of the webinar.
+[1437.000 --> 1440.000]  So, you know, right.
+[1440.000 --> 1456.000]  Next from Caitlin Lustrocio, how is model scaling typically model scaling typically completed, you still rely on marker or manual measurements or are there I'm based alternatives.
+[1456.000 --> 1460.000]  So, you know, I'm just going to ask you a question.
+[1460.000 --> 1474.000]  It's you're right that we would generally need marker because markers give positions I am used we're going to give orientations I'm used won't necessarily tell you how long bones are in order for you to scale the model so.
+[1474.000 --> 1501.000]  I don't know of ways just with I am used to scale the model depending on what you're looking for if you know you only need joint angles we're seeing that that works pretty well without scaling the model but depending on your question yeah you might need to do some other manual measurements or put a few markers on to scale the model depending on how far down the pipeline you want to go.
+[1501.000 --> 1504.000]  Great.
+[1504.000 --> 1506.000]  Next.
+[1506.000 --> 1526.000]  A question from Sarah El Najaas, can we use open sim if we only have one sensor on the top of each foot or another way to ask that is there a minimum number of I'm used so I think the question is if you could do kinematics with just sensors on the feet.
+[1526.000 --> 1549.000]  So I guess one way to say open sense will solve something but depending on your question if you only have sensors on the feet but you want something about you know that the hip that might be pretty tough to solve no matter what so it's really important to have I am use around in a lot of places where you need them.
+[1549.000 --> 1559.000]  So depending on what you need definitely make sure you have the right I am used around the joints that you need in order to track that accurately.
+[1559.000 --> 1578.000]  Yes, in general often if you include you know more sensors up to a point accuracy may improve but I think it's an ongoing area of interest in our lab and in other labs how you can accurately estimate kinematics with the minimum number of sensors because when we think about.
+[1578.000 --> 1596.000]  We're trying to deploy these tools out in real world settings the fewer the sensors the better and like Carmichael is pointing out it also depend on what variables you're trying to estimate with your setup and algorithm.
+[1596.000 --> 1602.000]  Okay, let's see we still have time for a couple more questions.
+[1602.000 --> 1606.000]  From Matia Gaitelin.
+[1606.000 --> 1620.000]  Since you've access I'm used did you also try to compare open senses join angles to the ones estimated using move in analyze which is access is kinematics tool.
+[1620.000 --> 1637.000]  So we're shown here we did not compare directly to that tool we use the orientations directly from an X sense of sensor fusion step with open sense and then also compared it using some other sensor fusion algorithms the paper.
+[1637.000 --> 1640.000]  So definitely check out the paper for more details there.
+[1640.000 --> 1647.000]  So we're going to get kind of more of an apples apples comparison between some of the different sensor fusion methods.
+[1647.000 --> 1650.000]  But sorry we didn't we didn't check with the original.
+[1650.000 --> 1654.000]  We've analysis tool.
+[1654.000 --> 1660.000]  Okay, we'll do one more question before we hop over to the tutorial part.
+[1660.000 --> 1668.000]  I can also try to type in some answers to some of these questions as well since we got lots of great questions thank you for all of those.
+[1668.000 --> 1681.000]  The question will take in this section is from Nico's hair are alavitis how sensitive are the computed joint angles to the placement of the virtual I'm used on the model.
+[1681.000 --> 1697.000]  Yeah, they're they tend to be quite sensitive so placement is really important so that's why we have the I'm you place your tool, which is useful for making sure that the that the initial orientations of the sensors are correct usually during some kind of calibration or standing pose.
+[1697.000 --> 1704.000]  In general, I've heard that that's a really important part in anyone's workflow to get that right.
+[1704.000 --> 1714.000]  But I'm sure there are methods out there that are being developed to try to help mitigate that but it's a really good point.

transcript/webinar_g5wB5QuBZyU.txt

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+[0.000 --> 22.000]  Hello, my name is Christine Paray. I'm the chair of the area research committee. It's my pleasure to host this webinar and to welcome you to do this exciting topic, sensing human gestures.
+[22.000 --> 30.000]  We're going to be hearing great deal about the projects of the future interface group.
+[30.000 --> 42.000]  So before I proceed with the webinar, I'd like to thank you all for joining in to remind you that you are in listen only mode.
+[42.000 --> 57.000]  However, if you would like to ask some questions or make some comments and remarks, you can use the question console in your go to webinar control panel.
+[57.000 --> 68.000]  That's how we'd like to take your questions. We do encourage your questions and have time for those after the presentation.
+[68.000 --> 87.000]  So for those of you who may not be aware of the area, we are a nonprofit association and industry association with three groups of members that together represent the enterprise AR ecosystem.
+[88.000 --> 108.000]  I'd like to say that the top of the pyramid are the enterprises. They are the customers who are going to use or already use augmented reality in their operations to improve performance, reduced risk and other metrics.
+[108.000 --> 133.000]  Supporting the enterprises in their achievements of better performance and operation are two groups, the providers of technologies and services, we call those providers segment and they develop a variety of AR enhanced AR aware products and services for the enterprises.
+[133.000 --> 156.000]  And they also collaborate with non commercial entities, these are universities, research institutes and the government agencies that are continuously studying new developments and emerging challenges in AR technology.
+[156.000 --> 164.000]  So just a second.
+[164.000 --> 182.000]  I ask you to mute your microphone while we're giving you. Thank you. So how does the area support the growth of this entire enterprise AR ecosystem. We like to say we have four pillars of activity.
+[182.000 --> 208.000]  And as we develop and we help our members to produce thought leadership content, we consolidate, we capture that content and publish it in a variety of different ways, including these webinars and on blog posts and social media, white papers and reports, which are available on our website.
+[208.000 --> 230.000]  We also support networking and discovery sharing between members and between members and the whole AR community about shared problems, shared obstacles as well as shared solutions that can accelerate the adoption of augmented reality for enterprise use cases.
+[230.000 --> 259.000]  We also collaborate and support programs that educate more professionals that will work in this field and who will through through through their performance and their jobs be able to accelerate the adoption of AR because they have the design skills, the management skills and so forth to to accelerate those projects with fewer roadblocks.
+[260.000 --> 286.000]  Speaking of roadblocks, we have committees that are reducing the barriers to adoption. We are members participate in a variety of committees so that they can share their experiences in a different way and more intimate way. And we also produce some deliverables together in those committees. You may have seen on our website.
+[286.000 --> 305.000]  That's the introduction of the the AR for enterprise alliance and now it's my pleasure to welcome Karan Huya who is our guest speaker today. Karan, could I make you presenter and would you like to introduce yourself in your projects?
+[305.000 --> 311.000]  Yes, that would be great. Thanks for the introduction.
+[312.000 --> 320.000]  Okay, let me just start. I see your screen just looks great. Thank you. I see you.
+[320.000 --> 330.000]  Great. Thanks a lot. All right. Good morning, everyone. I am Karan. I'm a fourth year PhD student at the Human Computer Interaction Institute of Carnegie Mellon University.
+[331.000 --> 347.000]  So my research mainly focuses on machine learning and sensing. So what this leads to is application spanning across various domains such as health monitoring activity recognition, context of your computing and novel interaction techniques.
+[347.000 --> 356.000]  Today, I will focus on very one very important aspect on my work. It's on body digitization and augmented and virtual reality environments.
+[356.000 --> 372.000]  So what do I exactly mean and what would this exactly enable? So full body digitization as the potential to realize a plethora of applications in extended reality systems such as virtual workspaces. So currently there's a lot of remote working going on. We're all in our own home.
+[372.000 --> 379.000]  So for example, you can imagine you were on your headset and you're transported into a virtual office where you can all see and collaborate with one another.
+[379.000 --> 397.000]  So this is an image that I took from spatial that I owe that tries to achieve this vision with VR headsets. But again, the only currently in the current prototype have hands and upper body working on other thing that you can imagine something like this would be useful for full body digitization would be useful for is something like immersive creating applications.
+[397.000 --> 415.000]  There's someone who's trying to operate a crane and you can imagine once you have instead of joysticks once you have a more naturalistic control of your whole body, you can have a better sense of embodiment in this virtual representation of yours and hence have a better control of your environment and around you and also manipulate things much better.
+[415.000 --> 428.000]  So another extension of this idea is social avatars that people have looked at for a long time, such as companies such as all space and Facebook, reality labs are really pushing into this domain of what is your accurate representation of yourself into the virtual domain.
+[428.000 --> 439.000]  So long we've lined your social avatars, but again, right now mostly what this envision concept, most of these products only capture our hands and our faces to a bit extend. So it's not very personalized right now.
+[440.000 --> 448.000]  To in order to enable all these applications and have this embodyment and personalization that I talked about, we really need these sensing mechanisms that can drive this.
+[448.000 --> 458.000]  So we need mechanisms that can sense the full body hands and face as long with the physical appearance of a person and also contextualizing their immediate environment.
+[458.000 --> 467.000]  To better understand this, what I mean by this, we can look at a high level design space between instrumentation and fidelity of the digitizer's body.
+[468.000 --> 472.000]  So we can plot these different sensors along this dimension as you can see here.
+[472.000 --> 486.000]  In general, as we increase the instrumentation of the environment or the quality of the quality of the digitized body also improves that is I can get a better pose of myself if I use a higher grade industrial equipment to scan myself right.
+[486.000 --> 499.000]  Unfortunately, the user burden and cost of this instrumentation also grows in lockstep as can be seen in this diagonal line to the point where it becomes infeasible and impractical to deploy them at scale does defeating the whole purpose.
+[499.000 --> 505.000]  So let me walk through an example of some of these to explain and really invite my point further.
+[505.000 --> 514.000]  So you have a high fidelity body capture such as a white on or any other more capsule such as accents that can capture your full body and range of motions.
+[514.000 --> 524.000]  That's great however it costs north of $10,000 each user needs to put all these IR LEDs and balls on them to be digitized in this virtual environment.
+[524.000 --> 531.000]  So while great for something like a movie setup where you have an actor sort of in this suit or an actress in this suit and you're capturing the body motions.
+[531.000 --> 541.000]  It's not really practical. You can't really imagine people in a workforce to sort of like go into work every day, scrap on their white suits and then go about their daily lives.
+[542.000 --> 558.000]  So now on the other hand, the of standalone headsets such as Oculus Quest, which have this idea of a single point instrumentation and they cost only $100 for example the Oculus Quest 2 with squads around around $350 and it's definitely much more practical and deployable.
+[558.000 --> 567.000]  But again, now you make a trade off on what you can sense and in this case you do you lose the whole body and you can sense only the hands of the user.
+[567.000 --> 577.000]  Now if you extrapolate this further, you can see on the lower end of the spectrum, we have these low fidelity sensors, which are generally much more specific in the types of events they can sense.
+[577.000 --> 584.000]  For example, a pedometer can only return step counts or a touch screen can only sense a fingertips location on the screen.
+[584.000 --> 590.000]  So again, these are customized things that can only tell the very, very small part of your body or what they're doing.
+[590.000 --> 594.000]  But again, this is like something that's very cheap and commoditized.
+[595.000 --> 604.000]  So I like to call this dashed line that represents these access of conventional approaches that balance instrumentation costs and sensing fidelity.
+[604.000 --> 612.000]  So much of my prior research also lines also falls along this continuum of the conventional approaches.
+[612.000 --> 625.000]  For instance, in any sense, which is a project of mine, I used classrooms cameras in classrooms to green insights about students and instructors body pose providing university teachers with high quality feedback or professional development.
+[625.000 --> 641.000]  So basically this project we tack retract was the students were doing we digitize the body and could tell whether they're raising their hands with side of the classroom. They are looking at and all these were the data analytics that we passed on to the instructor so that they could become better instructors in the future.
+[641.000 --> 649.000]  So in with to Doppler, which is another project of mine, we use synthetic Doppler radar training data generated from videos for human activity recognition.
+[649.000 --> 655.000]  So now you had a Doppler sensor which could tell you whether you're clapping, cleaning, cycling or doing various activities.
+[655.000 --> 660.000]  So that was more along digitization or human activity recognition point of view.
+[661.000 --> 666.000]  So both of these are high fidelity and also require instrumentation of the environment in multiple points.
+[666.000 --> 679.000]  So let's say in any sense you required multiple cameras in the classroom and for this radar project with to Doppler, you required special external sensors in the form of a Doppler radar and does they occupy the upper right quadrant of my design space.
+[680.000 --> 691.000]  So ideally what we want is approaches that do not require as much user or environmental instrumentation but retain the high fidelity for body digitization to power rich end user application.
+[691.000 --> 694.000]  So this can be shown in this area in green.
+[694.000 --> 699.000]  So this is where my current research lies and what I have focus on in my talk today.
+[699.000 --> 714.000]  So to recapitulate what we ideally want is a system that is self contained and has low instrumentation cost and can send your body pose hand pose and gestures facial feature tracking and also enable some form of a barrel and skin sensing.
+[714.000 --> 722.000]  So as you create a more personalized representation of your body in this virtual avatar on augmented reality space.
+[722.000 --> 725.000]  So I think we should achieve this vision.
+[725.000 --> 731.000]  The first project that I would like to point out is me cap, which is on whole body digitization or low cost AR VR headset.
+[731.000 --> 739.000]  So the idea over here was to instrument a single point on the user over your headset and nothing else. And we're trying to get the whole body from it.
+[739.000 --> 748.000]  So we achieved this by using the smartphones rear facing camera to view to mirrored half spheres that are placed roughly 15 centimeter in front of the headset.
+[748.000 --> 758.000]  This was a very, very initial research prototype and while this looks junky, there's much more, much more appealing version that can be thought of in a commercial prototype.
+[758.000 --> 764.000]  So in a commercial design vision being similar to a micro or wide angle camera attachments that are on the headset.
+[764.000 --> 769.000]  So they can provide us view that is very similar to the view that we kept provides via the fish.
+[769.000 --> 776.000]  So at the inception of this project when we started back in early 2018, Oculus did not roll out with this headset. So we couldn't use it.
+[776.000 --> 785.000]  So that's why we made this sort of prototype with these hemispheres and can't you leave it it from Google cardboard based mobile VR headset.
+[785.000 --> 797.000]  And all this sort of like image processing and the computer vision pipeline that I'm going to show you can also run as well on Oculus with S and the similar insights can also be migrated in that domain.
+[797.000 --> 801.000]  So with keeping that in mind, let's go over the technical details of our implementation.
+[801.000 --> 808.000]  So you have this hardware setup in which you have these two sort of spheres placed in front of the mobile VR headset.
+[808.000 --> 820.000]  So this accessory offers a distorted but complete view of the bearer so racing when the bear is wearing it, you can see the reflections of them on the surfaces that you will basically capture to digitize your post.
+[820.000 --> 836.000]  All that is doesn't seem as much you can actually unword this view from any different any different view point and after you unword, but you can get a much better equi rectangular projection, which basically means that this images now straightened out and does not have as much curvature as we saw in the previous one.
+[836.000 --> 849.000]  So from this view, we can take advantage of post based algorithms to get information about the upper body key joints as well or some lower body till the knees and also digitize your hands as you can see over here.
+[849.000 --> 859.000]  Now, given that we have two such views of the user and we do not have any depth, but we can use the stereo correspondence between these two views and provide them with the missing Z data.
+[859.000 --> 868.000]  As you can see over here, this is digitizing the hand see that we are digitized using the left and right views from the left sphere and right sphere.
+[868.000 --> 881.000]  Not only that, we can also capture the mouth at least some parts of the mouth that are visible and classify into it into like neutral smiling face or like whether the mouth is open or close and provide a very low fidelity digitization.
+[881.000 --> 888.000]  So we can also extract patches from the video and the pose to estimate the person skin tone and a parallel.
+[889.000 --> 895.000]  So in terms of example use applications, you can imagine how this rich data can be used for many and user applications.
+[895.000 --> 906.000]  Currently, when the user has to make a social avatar, the user has to estimate and customize their own skin tone, a parallel along with other attributes in a very manual process.
+[906.000 --> 911.000]  So you can imagine how something like we kept and be used and it can be very automatic in nature.
+[911.000 --> 917.000]  So this is something some this is where this so meek can enable a personalized social avatar.
+[917.000 --> 939.000]  So every time you can put on your device, it can convey not only a body language and gestures, but also a parallel as you can see in this very crude sort of like stick figure avatar that I have over here, but it gets a point across you can see that the pants are colored blue, the skin tone changes and so does the short color changes, when as the user puts it off, you can imagine a much higher inversion on this with graph X in unity.
+[940.000 --> 953.000]  Similarly, what you can also get is an environmental map around the user. So Apple AR gets seen currently can estimate ambient light intensity and based on that, it can shade the augmented reality objects.
+[954.000 --> 969.000]  However, it has no automatic way to compute the environment map for multiple illumination sources. So what I mean by this is when you place a virtual object, you wanted to reflect the correct lighting that it has in the space and also the correct reflections of the environment around it.
+[970.000 --> 982.000]  So what you can use as you can use this view from mecap and use this process camera data to generate environment maps that you can overlay as diffused or spectacular reflection onto these objects and therefore you can like.
+[982.000 --> 990.000]  Then therefore you can model the lighting of the environment back onto these virtual objects as you can see in the sphere over here.
+[990.000 --> 1002.000]  Another use case is just your interaction right for example, you can imagine how you choose a tool for example in something like Google brush it worries you have to point and select something from a very big target list.
+[1002.000 --> 1012.000]  With mecap, you can actually use control less hand inputs. So for example, you can summon tools by just making the correct gesture for it without the need for any gloves of controllers.
+[1012.000 --> 1027.000]  Here you can see someone who's like someone's a car or sorry a steering wheel for a car or a book or even a soccer ball just by placing their hands in these different orientation and this sort of like comes back in virtual reality and the user can use that tool.
+[1028.000 --> 1042.000]  So while mecap what we do what we imagine mecap to be in the future is like a removable accessory that is of that is of a fisheye cameras also for low cost AR headsets like hollow kit this accessory would not block the user's view.
+[1042.000 --> 1048.000]  So you can imagine this being used in hollow and type prototypes or more AR base prototypes as well in the future.
+[1048.000 --> 1064.000]  So that's great all this it enables but let's take a quick dive into the accuracy of mecap or how good is it because that would really give us an insight into what kind of applications can we enable with it can we even do like very high fidelity capture.
+[1064.000 --> 1080.000]  So the good thing is we did a 3d spatial accuracy study in which you benchmark the accuracy of mecap using a checkerboard pattern in which we already knew the 3d positions and back projected them and saw that what is the accuracy of mecap a 3d spatial accuracy reconstruction.
+[1080.000 --> 1105.000]  What we found what was that there was only a mean equality an error of around 2.5 centimeters to be accurate to be exact it was around 2.3 centimeters and as we moved away from the optical axis that is as we move down or down below and away from the reflections moved away from the spheres the error increased but it wasn't that much you could still get a very accurate with your presentation of the user's body.
+[1105.000 --> 1129.000]  So in terms of pose estimation we did sort of a post gesture accuracy study in which we sort of asked the users to emulate a different poses as you can see on this filler with different orientations and we saw that we could capture the key points 97% of the times we could reconstruct their pose and we calculated a mean error of 0.3 which is normalized respect to the shoulder width.
+[1129.000 --> 1136.000]  So if you create the shoulder width as one unit of error mecap was off by at most point three.
+[1136.000 --> 1154.000]  So for hand gesture recognition we asked 10 participants to perform 5100 and 5200 gestures. So basically as you could see in the summoning example we asked them to do different hand gestures which is such as a close hand open hand and okay sign or a spider man sign just to emulate what the different conditions would look like.
+[1154.000 --> 1171.000]  And we collected this data across three sessions and we found out that our gestural accuracy cross sessions that is when you train on a data of one user in session one you asked them to calibrate the system in session one and tested across different sessions that accuracy was around 96%.
+[1171.000 --> 1182.000]  But when you have a model that you train on other users and tested on an unseen user such that this user has you have never used a training data this is more 80%.
+[1182.000 --> 1193.000]  So this is more of the accuracy that you can imagine that would be in the field like you do not have to train the system at all you just read and it sort of works out of the box that was around 80% accurate.
+[1193.000 --> 1222.000]  Similarly for mouth state recognition we asked 10 participants to perform 5 different mouth state and in this case the cross session accuracy was 95% but across users there was a severe drop it was 65% the reason for this was the way different people perform their mouth gestures such as mouth open or smiling it's very different how different people perform the same things but it's very much similar when you talk about hands when you have to open your hand or close your hand it's very much similar but the expressivity of the mouth.
+[1222.000 --> 1232.000]  On the way they use the muscles it's something that the literature as recorded is facial expressions change across people and have a higher deviation across different people.
+[1232.000 --> 1240.000]  So again coming back to the personalization aspect it is also very important to test how good we were at a parallel tracking and skin color estimation.
+[1240.000 --> 1253.000]  So for skin color estimation mecap was about 90% accurate when benchmark using a flitzback with scale so that is we picked a color and with the user said whether that color actually represented their body skin color or not.
+[1253.000 --> 1268.000]  Similarly for short and pan color we showed the participants the mecap extracted colors and then the parts parent rated the quality of it on a like our scale and on a scale out of 10 most of the parts been like it on a 7 rated at 7.1 for short color and 7 for pan color.
+[1268.000 --> 1278.000]  So that is the information that we sort of used in an automatic way to capture the personalized avatar that is showed you in the application section of this.
+[1278.000 --> 1296.000]  So moving on from mecap there was a sort of another orthogonal approach that we can take when it comes to user digitization especially in a multi user context what I mean is an opportunistic user digitization called body slam that will go into and explain you what that exactly means.
+[1296.000 --> 1308.000]  So body slam takes advantage of an emerging use case goal located multi user AR VR experiences so i'm going to show you a few clips and let's see whether they have a commonality in them.
+[1308.000 --> 1323.000]  What of what I'm going to show you so all the nascent the application space for paradigms that you acquire multiple users in AR and VR is ranging from a diverse set of multiplayer games as we can see over here people are sort of like moving from left to right.
+[1323.000 --> 1351.000]  Let me just replay this so you can see that people are pointing their phones from one person to the other and you can see different people in their field of view so this is an example of mobile gaming to where you can see in this example of medicine and health care with different people are wearing these headsets and looking at each other well sort of in this simulated training of surgery and also to AR augmentive collaborative spaces right that's the idea that everybody has a hollow lens or mixed reality headset and you're working on things together.
+[1352.000 --> 1380.000]  So one commonality that you can see in all these scenarios is that the users look and face each other while they are immersing these experiences so this opens up the possibility for an opportunistic capture of other users now you can imagine that if one person looks at the other one person a who's looking at person B can help digitize person B and person B who's looking at person a can help digitize person a so that's exactly what went on and dead in body slam.
+[1380.000 --> 1406.000]  So this is an example of what I said there are two users a and B that face each other as you can see over here perhaps playing a mobile AR game where full body tracking could be variable very valuable for expressive in foot unfortunately neither phone is able to see itself and does digitize the owner's body however user B's phone can see user a and users a phone can see user B through its rear facing camera.
+[1407.000 --> 1432.000]  So body slam can make use of this view to capture and digitize the body, plans and mouth of user a and share this data visualize as a dash back to user a so either day does the same for user B providing an awful body tracking without having to instrument either the user or the environment so each gives their post to one another as you can see over here so this is the core idea behind body slam.
+[1433.000 --> 1443.000]  Let's walk through an example to see how this works in more than two people here you can see users wearing mixed reality headsets playing an augmented reality ball game.
+[1445.000 --> 1447.000]  So these are the respective views.
+[1448.000 --> 1462.000]  So these are the respective views of the HMD of each user as you can notice over here users can look around and see each other these are the views from the different people ABCD and you are seeing what they see from their headsets.
+[1463.000 --> 1489.000]  To understand what's happening let's zoom into the view from person C so this is the view from person C they see someone in their view so what will happen first but first they would ID the person that they are viewing this would mean that this would mean that they were first get their post points and see what are where these post points are located and also detect whether the Rukomarker is and based on that extract an ID of that person.
+[1490.000 --> 1501.000]  So not only that they can also relate this information back to them and this person C can tell person a that hey this is your post information and make you can make use of it.
+[1502.000 --> 1516.000]  Now taking these different perspectives together our whole system can digitize one another and this is the budget looks like an action like each person digitizes someone and relates the view so you find the best view for someone and then relate back to them.
+[1517.000 --> 1534.000]  Furthermore in many cases a user's body can be seen by more than one person so imagine one person in this case person E is in the view of both persons C and D in such cases we can also estimate the 3D pose of that person by a serial reconstruction as you can see over here.
+[1535.000 --> 1542.000]  Also even though I'm currently talking about body pose in a similar manner you can capture hand and mouth pose as well.
+[1543.000 --> 1563.000]  So again you can use this for something like hand gesture recognition in which you can use the hand poses that we captured in the unit direction vectors you sort of build a gestural recognition jewel in which you can classify different gestures such as okay thumbs up high five, be sign or face again this is just the library retails this can be expanded or like even more than that.
+[1564.000 --> 1574.000]  So let's identify based on whichever gestures the end user wants to capture similarly for mouth state you can do mouth open smiling or neutral.
+[1575.000 --> 1587.000]  So let's go back to our multi user scenario and look at some of the other capabilities of body slam as we just saw as we just saw users can't see themselves and thus everybody is given their post by someone else.
+[1587.000 --> 1610.000]  So what we can see over here is the top down view of the scenario the placement of the video firms here are not arbitrary they represent the actual positions of these users so you can see that what person sees which person sees which one the other person and how where they are located in this coordinate spectrum if you are if you just take the projection on a 2D screen.
+[1610.000 --> 1624.000]  So the information of which view which user is viewing him can be used to create a directional graph with spatial information allowing body slam to compute a global scene in real world coordinates.
+[1625.000 --> 1637.000]  So note that user that see no one such as user E can still be added to this graph of people if at least one person sees them so over here you can see which person is seen cool and even though no one is seen.
+[1637.000 --> 1641.000]  And even though user E cannot see anyone they can still be added to the graph.
+[1642.000 --> 1661.000]  Likewise a user that is seen by no one such as person a can also be added to this graph if they see at least one person so for example if a is viewing someone else but nobody is viewing them is still not the location of person a relative to the person they are view and you can use that information to also place them in a 3D graph.
+[1661.000 --> 1679.000]  So now if you take all this together we now have a global scene topology of the position of the different participants and their pose so now you have solved not only for the pose of the people but also their location in this map and now you have the location the hands and also the body pose of these different people.
+[1680.000 --> 1691.000]  Again another thing I would like to add is why we created this exemplary prototype in a mixed reality headset it can also create another form factor such as a mobile AR or VR modalities as well.
+[1692.000 --> 1701.000]  So this is what it looked like in our VR form factor even though I just showcased you are a form factor it can also be extended to these different modalities.
+[1703.000 --> 1706.000]  Now similarly me cap I will break down the accuracy numbers for body slam.
+[1706.000 --> 1735.000]  So these are the accuracy numbers for the body hands and face digitization over here the body gestures are on 96% accurate hand gestures are 88 and mouth states are what 91% accurate for a detailed breakdown and information of how I came about these numbers you can refer to with the published paper that you can get from my website that I'll link to at the end of this presentation but basically I just I won't walk you and bore you with all the details you can sort of go there and look at it to understand the main point.
+[1736.000 --> 1758.000]  So another key point to remember in body slam that unlike me cap it is very opportunistic in nature that is only when you see someone else can you get their body pose so it is very important to quantify how many times is a person visible or seen in our global scene in other words at any given time what is the percentage of total users captured by our system.
+[1758.000 --> 1778.000]  So we found out that at random at any given point about 95% of the users across different group sizes when you come to the five people are captured so if you have a group of about you to five people 95% of them would be captured at any time because of these wide angle cameras that we're using that are very popular now on mobile headsets.
+[1778.000 --> 1804.000]  So also to simulate what this would feel like in other settings when we grow the number of users more than five to maybe let's say a hundred we ran a simulation study for larger groups in which we placed different people in different sizes rooms with different body orientations so one body orientation was random in which they are facing any direction and the other one was a common focal point to simulate scenario such as a conference setting or a stadium setting.
+[1805.000 --> 1827.000]  And we found that the performance improves as a number of the users in a space grows so as we had more users in the space you can see that the number of people captured grows exponentially along with it but not exponentially for something like a three by three room but it grows a lot for something like a 10 by 10 room and even if you expand it further the growth is much more exponential.
+[1827.000 --> 1856.000]  So while I showcase the use of mobile AR and your headsets here for example in this prototype that I showed you in all this slide we were looking at something that was akin to a Google cardboard that was instrumented with it what is one can run on many other existing headsets with outward facing cameras such as the edge DC by focus on the line over mirage so all these cameras have a high fuel of you which is great it is around a few of your 190 95 degrees which because the number of people that are in the space is a lot more than one of the other things that we're looking at.
+[1857.000 --> 1873.000]  So you want to give the user with inside out tracking which is perfect for something like body slam so now you can also accurately capture where other users are created 3D graph of people and also capture their hands face and other modalities such as appearance.
+[1873.000 --> 1884.000]  So it is important to note while all these systems such as mecap and body slam had promising results there are several limitations that need to be addressed before our system is ready for deployment.
+[1884.000 --> 1913.000]  So first is there's a heavy compute requirement as comes with any computer vision system that is sort of runs on consumer and hardware right you have to run all these pipelines for post estimation unwarcing and other image processing pipelines at an environmental reflection and diffuse map creation which takes a heavy load on it so therefore you need to make use of these neural processing chips and all this hardware accelerated deep learning expertise that is growing out there and make use of all those.
+[1913.000 --> 1942.000]  Frameworks to sort of accelerate these processing pipelines as well and the second biggest thing is it needs a better industrial design so right now I just this is very true for mecap that currently you have something like cantilever in front of your face but you want to use something like wide angle cameras moving ahead and that is sort of like we're at the p0 of the pipeline for that in sort of you have to extrapolate for that and sort of get to it a point where it is much more rigid and something that can ship.
+[1942.000 --> 1971.000]  In a much better form factor and also as a much better feel of view because some of these cameras space developments are truly amazing and you have a 120 degree of view camera which cannot only just capture your body up to knees but also can go lower and the camera space technology especially in the field of view domain is also increasing a lot on the mobile phone tickler as well so you can imagine that the feel of your body slam with higher feel of view you can capture more people around you and also capture the environment much more.
+[1972.000 --> 1993.000]  So in this prior slide while I have talked about work that is already published and that he can find out there and wanted to quickly give you a sneak peek or some of the research that is very related to what we discussed but something that we just did and what is debuting at the upcoming guy conference that is guy 2021.
+[1994.000 --> 2010.000]  So that is on pose on the go suppose on the go is a full body yet zero cost motion capture systems that makes use of sensors already found in today's smartphones does requiring no extra or external hardware to achieve this it uses a sensor fusion approach.
+[2011.100 --> 2019.800]  So in pose on the go what we went out with was imagine you have a smartphone take a top of the mind smartphones such as an iPhone using only sensors of the iPhone.
+[2020.600 --> 2034.000]  How much of a user's body can you actually capture so you have a front facing camera we have a front facing death camera you have an amazing wide field of your rare camera you have the I am you and the touch screen so given these five sensors let's see what we can do.
+[2035.100 --> 2048.600]  So using the front facing camera we can capture the relative spatial position between the head and hand holding the phone right even estimate the person's head pose and we can see that by the green vector here you can also look at where they what their eyes are seeing this world.
+[2049.100 --> 2062.600]  And based on that you can also see how far their head is from the hands just from the relative size of the head again for data such as the wrist and elbow locations we can use inverse kinematics to animate the probable body poses for those ones.
+[2064.200 --> 2075.900]  So I'm retainously you can use the I am you for the can capture the phone and the magnometer is gravity vector to already in the phone on the user's hand as well as the head with respect to the world as you can see over here.
+[2076.900 --> 2090.900]  Now that the hand that is not holding the phone can generally not be seen or trapped except when the user touches the screen which then allows to estimate the finger and the arm position of the of the hand touching the screen as you can see over here.
+[2091.900 --> 2109.900]  Again using the phones we are sorry front facing depth camera we can compute a chest normal so using this depth map we can actually orient the person's chest and rotate the chest sort of mirror that of the real world and use there and get the torso orientation independently from that of the head.
+[2110.900 --> 2119.900]  So now great we have captured most of the upper body but one more thing we can do is we can animate roll hits despite having no sensor data below the torso.
+[2120.900 --> 2146.900]  So what we can do is look at this data over time and use the phone's locomotion mode prediction to load the correct up chromatic scheme such as whether the person is standing running or walking and then you can use I am you and visual slam to coursely animate the avatar's legs at an appropriate speed because now you're not only using dead reckoning from the I am you you're all choosing visual slam aspect of it you can get a very good representation of what the where the phone is.
+[2146.900 --> 2165.900]  Finally using this software we can combine it and use the use the head orientation that we got from our previous steps and also this motion predictions and then combined it all and use high data to solve in an inverse kinematic solver and you can tell whether the person is standing sitting down or also in different objects as we saw just now.
+[2165.900 --> 2193.900]  So we performed a series of studies to benchmark how good was pose on the go against a commercial professional great optical sprouting system in this case we just benchmarked with bike on all the pose on the go was was unsurprisingly less spatially accurate the estimated pose was more than sufficient to power a wide variety of new and in question application so again for the details of how much was the accuracy of different parts of it you can refer to the paper that will be available soon.
+[2195.900 --> 2215.900]  For example it couldn't enable the full body mobile gaming experiences such as a fantasy game as you can overseer here the person is moving a wand and sort of like spell casting or this third person shooter game in which the phone is a labor laser that's used to aim and shoot and the work and the workers can freely walk around and duck behind scenes.
+[2216.900 --> 2235.900]  It could be also used in health and wellness application for instance phones could automatically count exercise repetitions and track the performance quality over here the person squatting and it can tell how many squats to the person do in this having an imagine a physical rehabilitation and therapy regimen in which someone is asked to reach different parts of the screen.
+[2236.900 --> 2252.900]  Similarly, my favorite is you can extend today's face and freak an emojis to full body animations that's allowing for much more expressive communication as you can see with this bear example over here and now you can also like sort of walk off because you actually have the free information.
+[2253.900 --> 2257.900]  So this wraps up my presentation thanks so much for attending the talk.
+[2258.900 --> 2271.900]  For any question please feel free to ask me the questions or you can even reach out on the email I need shown on the slide if you have a question in the future and most of my almost all my publications that I've talked about in more details of them are available on the website.
+[2274.900 --> 2285.900]  Fabulous thank you carons this was really really interesting and I know that many people who are part of the area and part of the enterprise ecosystem.
+[2287.900 --> 2300.900]  And counter the need for these these technologies is really an interesting sweet body and gesture sensing tools that you've developed.
+[2300.900 --> 2309.900]  I as as Karan said, please don't hesitate to put your questions into the question console.
+[2310.900 --> 2323.900]  I you anticipated the the easy question that I had which was looking at the body slam and thinking about the computational complexity of this.
+[2324.900 --> 2347.900]  You mentioned that it can run on some off the shelf devices, but of course scale abilities is going to be an issue as you as you increase the number of people I found that the results of the simulation were very exciting that it gets better with very large spaces and and more numbers of people is interesting.
+[2348.900 --> 2356.900]  You in your in your actual study, did you limit the number of people to five when you were.
+[2356.900 --> 2368.900]  Yes, yes, so in the actual study given the space constraints and all those things and also a number of headsets that need to that we needed to follow control setting we limited it to five people wearing these headsets.
+[2369.900 --> 2387.900]  But but also another thing we also created a prototype in which all the processing was happening happening on device and everything was thinking so with air headsets that are basically like smart I bear you can imagine the rather that having cameras all around a warehouse tracking people you can have something like this.
+[2388.900 --> 2408.900]  And even though it's low resolution with the greatest and greatest and greatest in neural processing, you can get the body pose out in a matter of milliseconds, even at even at 30 frames per second and interactive for greats and you can digitize different people and get their 3D location as well.
+[2408.900 --> 2419.900]  In those cases, but again, that is something envisioning a form factor that is smart I bear that has a neural processing capability or at least some processing capability inside of it.
+[2419.900 --> 2433.900]  Or it could be connected to edge computing capabilities through a 5G network or a very high speed local areas network that is what we did offloading.
+[2433.900 --> 2450.900]  Yeah, yeah, read it offloading route and we found that that's super useful because then you have the centralized information so those are the two parallel routes you can go for one is you can just offload all the compute to a central server or an edge compute device or you can do it locally and then share the data later on.
+[2451.900 --> 2458.900]  Sure, there are two questions that have been entered in the console and two people would like to ask you a question.
+[2458.900 --> 2469.900]  So I'm going to first go with the written question, the first one, how can you do dead reckoning with phone I am you doesn't the error grow too fast.
+[2469.900 --> 2492.900]  Yes, yes, it is so we are not just using the I am you we are also using the rear camera view and integrating that and it's visual slam it's not just dead reckoning we are so the dead so what I want to say was dead reckoning as you brightly pointed out has a lot of error so that's why you have to use the rear cameras features and do visual slam to get a much better representation of it.
+[2493.900 --> 2494.900]  Thank you.
+[2494.900 --> 2520.900]  Nigel, applause your research is it's fascinating and you made a great presentation and I agree thank you so how are you investigating or have you done anything with machine learning and artificial intelligence of the poses post production meaning you know you've been studying the real time calculation and capture of these poses.
+[2520.900 --> 2528.900]  Can it be even better if you do things offline.
+[2528.900 --> 2549.900]  So that is a great question let me sort of quickly go to one slide and yes I have looked at a lot of it by trade I'm like a computer vision and a researcher before I moved into it's a so what you can do from this is something that's very close to my heart so to be so there are two two things you can do one is gestural activity recognition.
+[2549.900 --> 2574.900]  So even what the hand and body poses are you can use their unit vectors are also the feature you drive for me to tell what the person is doing for example in any sense we can tell we could tell things like whether a person is raising their hands what their gesture or is it cross on or whether it's slouching and what they're looking at which part of the screen they're looking at so that was more of gay striking and applications on that and we made strides into better gay tracking algorithms.
+[2574.900 --> 2603.900]  Another part is given you have a pose in which you Doppler one thing we did was what is the activity you're doing so over here from Doppler spectrograms we made this need approach in which you could synthesize Doppler training data from actual videos and so that you did not have to collect any data of your own which is like a big thing right for any deep learning model you need gigabytes and gigabytes of data so what we did over here was we created a pipeline in which we could simulate synthetic data and that was good enough to tell different activities we could tell whether a person is going to be able to do it.
+[2603.900 --> 2632.900]  We could tell whether a person is clapping cleaning or even cycling or even doing exercise counts it was very good in exercise recognition as well so for example it's dumbled lifting or squats so you can think of various other applications that you can use it you so I would say human activity recognition is a big one and the other thing that we have looked at is gestural interaction is a big one and I would say something that I've not looked at personally but is a very growing space is the social aspect of different people interacting with each other.
+[2633.900 --> 2654.900]  Sure, sure actually the next question is not far from that topic it's asking about the hands and arms crossing you just mentioned that is there more you can say or explain about when the hands and arms are crossed.
+[2655.500 --> 2670.900]  Yes so so so what do you can you expand it but what do you mean by hands and arms crossing do you mean that do the hands and arms self occlude each other or do they intersect each other that will result in an error near suppose or is more an occlusion so.
+[2670.900 --> 2699.900]  So I just unmuted Susan oslin so she might be able to ask what what she was asking about season are you can you unmute yourself locally maybe no okay so yes I see yeah so hi I know other systems like the Oculus has a hard time when the hands cross over.
+[2700.900 --> 2724.900]  So I'm curious how you're able to still in different projects of for example in something like that's a great question because whenever you rely on visual techniques occlusion is a very important and big factor to deal with right if your left arm is in front of your right arm and things like that so when you go for visual techniques such as.
+[2724.900 --> 2753.900]  There's a big problem for us as well and me cap less so because you have two different views and that sort of gives you a much better view once you resolve it and even though there is a bit of the overlap you can change the viewpoint synthetic view point and get a better view and one of those to reconstruct the hands in those cases but for something that is variables like goes on the go it's not much of a problem because now you're relying on I am you which doesn't really care about visual occlusion and once you use an I case solver behind it what you actually do is.
+[2754.900 --> 2781.900]  Once you have even an error in this prediction you can use temporality of human motion dynamics that hey one arm cannot one finger cannot intersect the other fingers playing and resolve them using those techniques and sort of get a better representation of which might look accurate so it's more of like a guess estimate that once you have an initial prediction you can then streamline it further to solve for no occlusion and use physics based modules to sort of capture that.
+[2782.900 --> 2799.900]  Great thank you for that detailed explanation and you have other fans who are I'm very very impressed by the work and the analysis and much appreciated you're presenting it here.
+[2800.900 --> 2807.900]  So we have another question somebody has raised their hand for Ruka are you unmuted on your side.
+[2808.900 --> 2811.900]  Hi for a forwarding company.
+[2811.900 --> 2819.900]  So I had a question regards to some of your earlier models or projects.
+[2819.900 --> 2834.900]  So when you train your your pose estimation model it's it's clear you're using vision and you can infer contrast recognition for the checkable example but what features or variables are you using when training the model for human body.
+[2834.900 --> 2839.900]  So how are you calculating the nodes that appear to be the moving joints.
+[2839.900 --> 2852.900]  Okay that's a great question so right now what we did was we unbork the views in something that current pose estimators can use and in this case when this project was done we all use open pose to get the body joints.
+[2853.900 --> 2868.900]  But from the inception of that and from inception of open pose there are a lot of strides in machine learning algorithms that can estimate a better body pose and there are different like computer vision conference select CVPRs have a full track just dedicated to better pose estimation.
+[2868.900 --> 2880.900]  So the way they work is for example it's like a top down approach so first they will fight figure out the heat maps of the different body joints and based on that they would figure out what the local what the locality of these different joints is.
+[2880.900 --> 2894.900]  So for us in recap the part was to take the image from a very distorted view to a viewpoint to which these different models that are trained on normal videos and scenes not necessarily taken from this recap accessory can work.
+[2894.900 --> 2921.900]  So that's where there was a lot of illumination correction that was dark but that was easy because we had the environmental map and to the account which we used to sort of like correct the contrast and then correct the different fish eye sort of fish eye like unwalping in the image and once we accounted for both of those things we saw that a lot of the existing paradigms for pose estimation could work directly on those images.
+[2921.900 --> 2945.900]  But again that pose estimation is something rather than training a custom model we just took the state of the art but you can imagine that you can find these models are taking the latest that is right now in 2020 this was back in 2018 in 2020 there's like even things that can fit a human best directly on an image and you can use those slides and computer vision to get a much better pose estimate here.
+[2945.900 --> 2957.900]  Excellent excellent analysis and and and very clear reply thank you thank you for looking thank you to on for your presentation.
+[2957.900 --> 2978.900]  With this time we're we're finished with the questions from the audience and I'd like to thank you again applaud the the excellent research and we look forward to seeing some of these principles and approaches being applied in commercial solutions in the future.
+[2979.900 --> 3004.900]  Thanks everybody this is the end of the area research committee webinar and if you have any questions or if you'd like to follow up you can do so with myself or Karan and this webinar the archive of this webinar will be sent out to you via email you'll be able to find it on the area YouTube channel thanks bye bye.
+[3004.900 --> 3006.900]  Thanks a lot goodbye.
+[3008.900 --> 3010.900]  you

transcript/webinar_gT-SfzilRVQ.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,613 @@
+[0.000 --> 21.440]  Hi everyone, my name is Nadia Aight.
+[21.440 --> 25.640]  Together with Joe, I founded Body Language Academy by Joan Navarro.
+[25.640 --> 31.520]  I'm also the CEO of the company and on behalf of our entire team, I want to welcome you all
+[31.520 --> 35.880]  to this amazing webinar we're going to have today.
+[35.880 --> 40.720]  It's so great to once again see people joining in from all across the globe.
+[40.720 --> 44.480]  I myself am calling in from Copenhagen, Denmark.
+[44.480 --> 48.640]  For those of you who would like to continue studying non-reple communication, please have
+[48.640 --> 54.080]  a look at our webpage, www.jnbodylanguageacademy.com.
+[54.080 --> 59.640]  Here you can get free training to train those non-verbal communication skills with our
+[59.640 --> 61.800]  demo version of the program.
+[61.800 --> 68.160]  If you want to take the full Body Language Expert program, we also have a 30% discount for
+[68.160 --> 71.960]  all of the webinar participants today.
+[71.960 --> 76.240]  Here's a short video of students who have done the program.
+[76.240 --> 78.240]  Hello everybody, my name is Zulika.
+[78.240 --> 82.240]  I'm a Human Resources Project Manager and a Global Company in France, Copenhagen.
+[82.880 --> 89.440]  I'm very proud because I just graduated the Body Language Academy Expert program by Joan Navarro.
+[89.440 --> 92.920]  I loved it all from the beginning to the end.
+[92.920 --> 95.680]  This program is unique.
+[95.680 --> 102.440]  The platform is really easy to use and you have great mentors who guides you for your learning
+[102.440 --> 103.920]  journey.
+[103.920 --> 110.000]  And the more important thing is that you can use your new skills and your knowledge straight
+[110.000 --> 111.520]  away.
+[111.520 --> 117.960]  But I know you are very excited to see Joan Navarro, who is an FBI Special Agent on New
+[117.960 --> 119.920]  York Times best selling author.
+[119.920 --> 123.480]  He's written 14 books, has a new one on the way.
+[123.480 --> 127.080]  He's also a world leading body language expert.
+[127.080 --> 128.080]  And we will talk to him.
+[128.080 --> 131.200]  He'll be here alive in very short time.
+[131.200 --> 135.280]  Let me just first introduce you to today's host David Stevens.
+[135.280 --> 140.360]  He is our program manager and senior mentor at the Academy.
+[140.360 --> 142.680]  David is joining us from Australia.
+[142.680 --> 143.680]  Welcome David.
+[143.680 --> 144.680]  Yeah.
+[144.680 --> 145.680]  Hi, Nadia.
+[145.680 --> 146.680]  Thank you for that introduction.
+[146.680 --> 152.840]  It's great to see you and it's great to see so many people joining us here online today.
+[152.840 --> 155.480]  Today we've got a really important topic to look at.
+[155.480 --> 159.440]  And that's around stress, anxiety and body language.
+[159.440 --> 164.920]  During COVID times, all of us have experienced some sort of change to our routine.
+[164.920 --> 170.800]  A lot of us have been in isolation for extended periods of time away from friends, family,
+[170.800 --> 172.160]  work colleagues.
+[172.160 --> 174.280]  And that certainly creates stress.
+[174.280 --> 175.440]  That creates anxiety.
+[175.440 --> 180.800]  That creates an environment where mental health issues are a real thing.
+[180.800 --> 185.320]  Even now as people are heading back to work or looking to head back to work, there's also
+[185.320 --> 189.920]  a level of anxiety around that that we've heard people talk about.
+[189.920 --> 194.800]  And so I'm really looking forward to engaging with Joe today talking a little bit about
+[195.200 --> 203.280]  this issue and how we can use body language to help us as we navigate this environment.
+[203.280 --> 208.400]  But first of all, I thought it'd be really good to hear from all of our participants,
+[208.400 --> 214.040]  especially as we're looking at re-engaging with people and how people approach greetings,
+[214.040 --> 217.280]  physical touches, hugs, handshakes.
+[217.280 --> 221.800]  So let's have a quick look at a poll where you get to have your say.
+[221.800 --> 222.960]  So let's do that now.
+[222.960 --> 226.920]  OK, so you should see the poll that's popped up in front of you.
+[226.920 --> 228.480]  There's two questions.
+[228.480 --> 234.240]  The first one is around how you would meet with someone in a work situation.
+[234.240 --> 236.280]  The second one's around the social situation.
+[236.280 --> 241.120]  So I'd like to hear what more thoughts are, especially now.
+[241.120 --> 247.680]  We're sort of 18 months after a lot of the restrictions and social isolation come in.
+[247.680 --> 250.800]  And as we in that poll, I might see if we've got Joe online.
+[250.800 --> 252.960]  Joe, are you there?
+[252.960 --> 254.160]  Hello, Joe.
+[254.160 --> 256.000]  How are you, David?
+[256.000 --> 257.640]  Dan in Australia.
+[257.640 --> 258.440]  Very well.
+[258.440 --> 259.200]  Very well.
+[259.200 --> 260.800]  Thanks, Florida.
+[260.800 --> 262.840]  That warm today.
+[262.840 --> 265.720]  Nice to see both of you.
+[265.720 --> 270.400]  Thank you, Nadia, for that warm introduction.
+[270.400 --> 276.000]  I think this is I'm glad you're taking this poll because it'll be interesting to see
+[276.000 --> 278.840]  what people say.
+[278.840 --> 285.320]  I think in the last probably three months, the number one question that's being asked is,
+[285.320 --> 291.440]  what are the non-verbals going to be as we get back to work and so forth?
+[291.440 --> 295.160]  So it'll be interesting to see that.
+[295.160 --> 298.400]  Let me share the results, Joe.
+[298.400 --> 303.560]  And we can think we should and popping up now.
+[303.560 --> 308.720]  So yeah, looks like people are a bit more comfortable in social settings, perhaps with
+[308.720 --> 312.640]  people that they know, but the work settings.
+[312.640 --> 317.720]  And I don't make the observation that compared to a poll, I took some of this about sort of
+[317.720 --> 318.720]  two years ago.
+[318.720 --> 320.480]  It's a lot different.
+[320.480 --> 324.280]  There's a lot less people willing to sort of engage.
+[324.280 --> 326.720]  What are your thoughts?
+[327.440 --> 339.000]  Well, I think one of the things that's happened is that when COVID first really started to
+[339.000 --> 346.880]  affect us from my vantage point, as I was looking at even people on the street in Florida,
+[346.880 --> 348.840]  we had a limited lockdown.
+[348.840 --> 353.920]  You could be outside, but as long as there was some distance.
+[353.920 --> 359.440]  And it was really astonishing how we went from talking to each other at a very close distance
+[359.440 --> 366.640]  to people who were just standing further and further apart.
+[366.640 --> 368.520]  And that really took hold.
+[368.520 --> 372.120]  And for a while there, I think that was a very subconscious thing.
+[372.120 --> 378.160]  This thing about here, six feet or more and so forth.
+[378.160 --> 387.320]  But even still, I see people still distancing a little bit more than we used to.
+[387.320 --> 396.640]  And I think it's in part, it's cautionary, but I think in part, it's a social thing where
+[396.640 --> 404.440]  rightfully, we want to take into account what is the other person's comfort and us getting
+[404.440 --> 405.960]  close to them.
+[405.960 --> 411.200]  I want to see my mom not too long ago.
+[411.200 --> 420.160]  And as we hadn't hugged each other in a while and the whole time I'm thinking, this wasn't
+[420.160 --> 425.040]  even possible eight, nine months ago.
+[425.040 --> 427.040]  Nobody had been vaccinated.
+[427.040 --> 430.640]  And I mean, she's my mother.
+[430.640 --> 438.080]  And I'm still thinking, is this action on my part going to cause her some harm in some
+[438.080 --> 439.640]  way?
+[439.640 --> 448.960]  And I think it's a sort of metaphor for when we go back to work, we may decide we want
+[448.960 --> 450.360]  to shake hands.
+[450.360 --> 452.640]  We may decide we want to hug.
+[452.640 --> 458.120]  But I think there are some people that are going to still be a little hesitant, a little
+[458.120 --> 460.080]  reluctant.
+[460.080 --> 467.800]  And I think this is especially a time where now when we look at, people ask sometimes,
+[467.800 --> 469.720]  what do you use body language for?
+[469.720 --> 471.320]  What do you use it for this?
+[471.320 --> 475.280]  You use it to assess, I'm going to be meeting this person.
+[475.280 --> 478.760]  What do I think are their needs, wants and desires?
+[478.760 --> 481.800]  If they don't want me to stand too close, how am I going to figure that out?
+[481.800 --> 489.680]  If they don't want to shake hands or whatever it is, how do I determine that?
+[489.680 --> 496.640]  And usually we use body language to determine those things.
+[496.640 --> 503.480]  And that's where we can have this advantage that we can assess people very quickly, determine
+[503.480 --> 509.360]  what is our course of action, and then of course contribute to psychological comfort.
+[509.360 --> 516.840]  Because in part, part of socializing is creating this environment where everybody feels comfortable.
+[516.840 --> 524.160]  And I think for the next while, we're going to have to be a little bit more sensitive,
+[524.160 --> 531.200]  whether it's around somebody that maybe is going through chemotherapy and really wants
+[531.200 --> 533.160]  a bubble around them.
+[533.160 --> 544.840]  Or they have any number of illnesses out there where you need to be careful that you're
+[544.840 --> 546.800]  not making them feel bad.
+[546.800 --> 553.120]  And then of course, the other big thing is I think there's a lot of, there are a lot
+[553.120 --> 554.880]  of mental health issues.
+[554.880 --> 562.480]  I think everything that I've read, all the authorities I've talked to, the other day
+[562.480 --> 572.280]  I was one of my favorite authors, Dr. Amy Cuddy, she and I were talking and she's up in
+[572.280 --> 581.680]  the Boston area and she's talking about how there is definitely something that has affected
+[581.680 --> 585.680]  a large portion of the population.
+[585.680 --> 595.480]  Whether we call it melancholia or depression or I think we would not be human if we could
+[595.480 --> 602.560]  not say that we have reacted in some way to the lockdown, to the inability to travel
+[602.560 --> 604.040]  to changes in life.
+[604.040 --> 607.400]  And that has affected all of us in some way.
+[607.400 --> 611.560]  And I think we have to be mindful of that going forward.
+[611.560 --> 614.560]  Yeah, absolutely.
+[614.560 --> 616.320]  It's affecting everyone out there.
+[616.320 --> 620.640]  And look today, we've got people from all around the world and people will be in different
+[620.640 --> 626.320]  circumstances depending on which country they're in, where vaccinations are at, what some
+[626.320 --> 628.280]  of the government directions are.
+[628.280 --> 634.360]  And so we certainly encourage people to be mindful of that and respectful of other people's
+[634.360 --> 636.560]  sort of needs.
+[636.560 --> 642.080]  And as you say, it could be the pandemic that they might, someone might also be at high
+[642.080 --> 644.600]  risk because of some other medical condition.
+[644.600 --> 647.440]  And so they're particularly sensitive about this.
+[647.440 --> 652.720]  Well, that and one other thing is, you know, a lot of people have gotten sick and there's
+[652.720 --> 657.520]  been a lot of, you know, people have lost family members.
+[657.520 --> 665.600]  And we, I think this is something that when we finally go back to a immoror robust work
+[665.600 --> 673.240]  environment, these stories are going to come out as to, you know, what, what, what suffering
+[673.240 --> 677.920]  and pain or travails people went through during COVID.
+[677.920 --> 683.080]  I think we'll be astonished at how many people around the world have been affected.
+[683.080 --> 684.480]  Yeah, absolutely.
+[684.480 --> 685.480]  Absolutely.
+[685.480 --> 689.000]  Now, I wanted to say thank you for everyone that's already sent in questions.
+[689.000 --> 692.560]  We've got as usual, far more questions that we'll ever get through.
+[692.560 --> 697.160]  And so we're going to draw from some of those as well as questions right people are raising
+[697.160 --> 699.280]  live during the webinar.
+[699.280 --> 703.600]  Nadia, what do we have a question to kick us off with?
+[703.600 --> 704.800]  We certainly do.
+[704.800 --> 710.880]  And I agree, Joe, and we've got a great question here from Sarah in Australia, who's asking,
+[710.880 --> 718.120]  if someone really wants to shake my hand, but how do I refuse to do this without causing
+[718.120 --> 720.120]  offense?
+[720.120 --> 721.600]  That's a great question.
+[721.600 --> 728.080]  And I would have to say, that's probably one of the top three questions that I'm asked
+[728.080 --> 730.200]  all the time.
+[730.200 --> 735.800]  I think now, you know, the whole planet is aware that something's going on.
+[735.800 --> 743.120]  So I don't think we should ever hesitate in, you know, either restraining our own hands
+[743.120 --> 754.520]  or reaching out with an elbow or just fronted and say, I would rather just wave or bow or
+[754.520 --> 756.680]  whatever you want to do.
+[756.680 --> 763.160]  But I think it's important to make other people feel safe and comfortable as well as ourselves.
+[763.160 --> 766.840]  And if you're not ready to shake hands, I'll be frank with you.
+[766.840 --> 769.320]  I'm not ready to shake hands.
+[769.320 --> 780.480]  I don't mind waving and I've done a lot of elbow and fist bumping, but personally, and
+[780.480 --> 786.000]  I'm vaccinated, but I'd rather just wait a little bit, not because I think it will affect
+[786.000 --> 794.360]  me, but because I'm in contact with elderly people who may be affected by a career.
+[794.360 --> 803.360]  So just fronted and say, I would rather just say, you know, wave and go forward from there.
+[803.360 --> 804.360]  Great.
+[804.360 --> 810.920]  We got, we covered Jennifer from Canada's question, unless you have anything to ask, who's
+[810.920 --> 815.080]  asking about alternative greetings?
+[815.080 --> 820.960]  You know, greetings are cultural and see what fits in.
+[820.960 --> 825.960]  In the American Midwest, there's less shaking hands.
+[825.960 --> 828.360]  There's more waving in New York.
+[828.360 --> 832.600]  There's more hugging and so forth in Miami.
+[832.600 --> 838.200]  If you ever go through the Miami International Airport, you, prior to COVID, you would literally
+[838.200 --> 842.040]  see at shift change, you would see everybody just hugs.
+[842.040 --> 845.080]  Everybody gives each other an apprassal.
+[845.080 --> 852.360]  So I think you just have to adapt to where you're at and what's what would be socially acceptable.
+[852.360 --> 860.520]  We still have to be polite, you know, remember, this is an often covered good manners are
+[860.520 --> 862.520]  nonverbal communications.
+[862.520 --> 871.280]  And so this is part of communicating that we're being respectful and mindful.
+[871.280 --> 877.000]  We also have Leo from New York City, New York City asking a question.
+[877.000 --> 883.000]  When I walk into a room of strangers, where should I look to appear most comfortable?
+[883.000 --> 884.000]  Yeah.
+[884.000 --> 886.840]  So that's a good question.
+[886.840 --> 899.920]  You know, gaze behaviors are in part governed by cultural norms, social norms, society
+[899.920 --> 909.840]  and really personal, what you personally favor.
+[909.840 --> 915.600]  I mean, some people would prefer to look down and so forth.
+[915.600 --> 925.040]  I think when it comes to showing confidence, I think around the world, I think what we would
+[925.040 --> 933.880]  say is the more confident you are, the more you're willing to engage in greater eye contact.
+[933.880 --> 943.880]  So you enter a room and you don't hesitate to look and make eye contact with everyone
+[943.880 --> 945.960]  that's there.
+[945.960 --> 955.760]  I, you know, I'm actually, people find this hard, but I'm actually kind of shy.
+[955.760 --> 962.640]  And so when I come into a room, I like to go to a corner and just, you know, I just want
+[962.640 --> 965.240]  to be left there.
+[965.240 --> 970.040]  And only after I get comfortable, do I really engage in the gaze behavior?
+[970.040 --> 977.840]  Now what's interesting was when I was an FBI agent, you know, my job demanded that I have
+[977.840 --> 979.600]  control of that room.
+[979.600 --> 982.960]  And so my gaze was very intense.
+[982.960 --> 989.280]  It was, it was dominant and I didn't hesitate to look at everybody there.
+[989.280 --> 995.040]  But I think this is one of those things where whether you're a public speaker or a manager
+[995.040 --> 1002.000]  or someone else, just taking the time to make that eye contact and sort of work the room
+[1002.000 --> 1006.640]  by making sure you make eye contact with everybody.
+[1006.640 --> 1009.280]  We'll work in your, in your favor.
+[1009.280 --> 1011.520]  And it is a balance isn't it, Joe?
+[1011.520 --> 1015.360]  I mean, you don't want to intimidate people or maybe you do when you're playing your FBI
+[1015.360 --> 1019.600]  role, but generally you want to be able to have that balance of being able to engage
+[1019.600 --> 1021.960]  with people that are appropriate amount of time.
+[1021.960 --> 1024.800]  So they feel comfortable, but don't feel like.
+[1024.800 --> 1028.320]  Yeah, great, great point.
+[1028.320 --> 1031.920]  There's a difference between staring and gazing.
+[1031.920 --> 1033.360]  And you can intimidate people.
+[1033.360 --> 1037.840]  I've intimidated people just with a stare.
+[1037.840 --> 1042.560]  But you know, that creates psychological discomfort and we don't want that.
+[1042.560 --> 1049.640]  We want to be able to engage people, you know, look friendly, look about, but at the same
+[1049.640 --> 1059.320]  time, not hesitate to look at someone that, that for whatever the reason we feel we shouldn't
+[1059.320 --> 1061.440]  be looking at them.
+[1061.440 --> 1065.640]  I will say this culturally, we have to be mindful because there are many cultures, for
+[1065.640 --> 1073.800]  instance, Japan in particular, where if you are of lower status or if you're younger,
+[1073.800 --> 1083.040]  you don't have the same rights and privileges as someone who is older or as a CEO or something
+[1083.040 --> 1084.040]  like that.
+[1084.040 --> 1086.720]  They have a greater right to look around.
+[1086.720 --> 1088.120]  You have lesser rights.
+[1088.120 --> 1092.240]  So culture must be considered, but good question.
+[1092.240 --> 1097.040]  And Nadia, do we have any live questions that we could.
+[1097.040 --> 1102.040]  We got Juanca asking, Joe, do you think that one's COVID is over?
+[1102.040 --> 1105.480]  Do we get back to always?
+[1105.480 --> 1107.240]  Yes.
+[1107.240 --> 1109.000]  We did.
+[1109.000 --> 1118.200]  People forget we had a pandemic in 1918 that killed 40 million people.
+[1118.200 --> 1124.640]  And within a short period of time, we were right back to normal.
+[1124.640 --> 1131.040]  Look, our species, we are humans.
+[1131.040 --> 1141.680]  But our hominin past, our primate past ensures that we will always have a need to touch.
+[1141.680 --> 1150.960]  I have endless collections of photographs of people who flock to the windows of nursing
+[1150.960 --> 1157.040]  care homes to put their hands up against the window to say hello to their parents or
+[1157.040 --> 1164.720]  people hugging each other through plastic, shower curtains, any number of things.
+[1164.720 --> 1167.400]  We humans have to touch.
+[1167.400 --> 1173.960]  We literally, from the time we're born, we literally cannot survive.
+[1173.960 --> 1180.880]  If a premature child is born, there is a nurse assigned to just touch that child.
+[1180.880 --> 1183.480]  That's how important touch is.
+[1183.480 --> 1184.480]  And so we seek it.
+[1184.480 --> 1186.480]  We want it.
+[1186.480 --> 1192.920]  Whether it's a hugs with family or just getting a good massage.
+[1192.920 --> 1200.480]  Don't forget, every time humans touch, there's this cascade of chemicals that's released
+[1200.480 --> 1201.960]  that bonds us.
+[1201.960 --> 1204.080]  The oxytocin is released.
+[1204.080 --> 1207.200]  I mean, it's quite exquisite.
+[1207.200 --> 1213.960]  We evolved the system of self-reward that when we touch, even if it's just a massage
+[1213.960 --> 1219.880]  or someone else, that someone would be rewarded for that.
+[1219.880 --> 1223.560]  And so yes, to answer the question, we will be right back to it.
+[1223.560 --> 1227.600]  How fast we shall see.
+[1227.600 --> 1229.600]  That's the interesting question.
+[1229.600 --> 1230.600]  Excellent.
+[1230.600 --> 1231.600]  All right.
+[1231.600 --> 1233.600]  Very news for many people, I'm sure.
+[1233.600 --> 1234.600]  Yeah.
+[1234.600 --> 1235.600]  Definitely.
+[1235.600 --> 1237.600]  It's not going away anywhere anytime soon.
+[1237.600 --> 1238.600]  All right.
+[1238.600 --> 1240.600]  We might move along to the next section.
+[1240.600 --> 1242.880]  And thanks to all the questions that coming in.
+[1242.880 --> 1247.480]  And this is around sort of behaviors, pacifying behaviors, those sort of behaviors that we
+[1247.480 --> 1253.520]  use to help calm ourselves and in stressful situations.
+[1253.520 --> 1255.680]  So I'm going to run a short poll.
+[1255.680 --> 1259.280]  And I'll put it up on the screen now.
+[1259.280 --> 1263.680]  And the question is, you know, looking at, and there's a very short list here.
+[1263.680 --> 1266.520]  There's an endless amount of behaviors that we could put up.
+[1266.520 --> 1268.480]  We've just chosen a few of them.
+[1268.480 --> 1273.840]  So maybe if you choose your top three or four that you might have experienced in yourself
+[1273.840 --> 1276.520]  when you get stressed, what sort of things do you do?
+[1276.520 --> 1278.280]  Is it sweaty palms?
+[1278.280 --> 1280.720]  You wipe in the morning with your trouser legs?
+[1280.720 --> 1282.400]  You know, you do bite your nails.
+[1282.400 --> 1284.360]  Do you play with your hair or your face?
+[1284.360 --> 1285.720]  Do you do different things?
+[1285.720 --> 1293.640]  We'd love to see what people out there do to help calm themselves down in stressful situations.
+[1293.640 --> 1295.640]  Or we do them all.
+[1295.640 --> 1297.640]  We do them all.
+[1297.640 --> 1299.640]  We do them all.
+[1299.640 --> 1304.640]  There's a, you know, it's interesting.
+[1304.640 --> 1311.040]  A lot of times students wonder, how is it that the teacher knows to pick on me when I'm
+[1311.040 --> 1312.040]  so ill prepared?
+[1312.040 --> 1318.280]  And they don't realize that it's because they're the ones that are doing all these pacifying
+[1318.280 --> 1321.480]  behaviors that let the teacher know.
+[1321.480 --> 1322.480]  I didn't read.
+[1322.480 --> 1323.480]  I didn't study.
+[1323.480 --> 1325.080]  I don't know what's going on.
+[1325.080 --> 1327.680]  So yeah, it's all right.
+[1327.680 --> 1329.480]  I'll give it a couple more seconds.
+[1329.480 --> 1338.400]  You know, while we're waiting for that, you know, keep us a reminder, when we talk about
+[1338.400 --> 1344.680]  pacifiers, pacifiers are not optional.
+[1344.680 --> 1347.040]  Pacifiers are a requirement.
+[1347.040 --> 1352.160]  Your brain needs to be pacified at all times.
+[1352.160 --> 1360.680]  Now we do it in a variety of ways when we are, when we're still in the uterus, we now
+[1360.680 --> 1366.880]  know that, you know, babies will suck their thumbs, even elephant babies suck their own,
+[1366.880 --> 1369.800]  their own trunk.
+[1369.800 --> 1375.960]  And it's an, it's an interesting concept that the brain has to go outside of itself, right?
+[1375.960 --> 1378.600]  Because you could sort of talk yourself out of it.
+[1378.600 --> 1384.480]  So we actually have to go outside and say to the hand, hey, if you're not doing anything,
+[1384.480 --> 1387.720]  how about playing with the ear and soothing me?
+[1387.720 --> 1390.920]  How about massaging your hands and calm me down?
+[1390.920 --> 1395.520]  How about stroking the face as you think?
+[1395.520 --> 1398.320]  The brain requires this of us.
+[1398.320 --> 1404.920]  Now what's interesting is even when we're enjoying a quiet moment, we do this.
+[1404.920 --> 1409.440]  We're reading a good book or something, but we certainly needed even more when we're
+[1409.440 --> 1411.480]  under stress.
+[1411.480 --> 1417.640]  So to get back to that balance point where we go from a very stressful situation back to
+[1417.640 --> 1426.360]  what's called homeostasis, we actually have to engage these behaviors to, to calm them
+[1426.360 --> 1427.360]  down.
+[1427.360 --> 1431.800]  Now, if we're healthy, you know, we, we do it in a healthy way.
+[1431.800 --> 1436.560]  You know, the worst thing you can do, of course, is eat a lot, drink a lot or smoke a
+[1436.560 --> 1439.040]  lot, which are also pacifiers.
+[1439.040 --> 1441.160]  But so let's see what the pulse is.
+[1441.160 --> 1444.280]  Yeah, just put up the results.
+[1444.280 --> 1445.640]  All right.
+[1445.640 --> 1448.520]  As you can see there, make sure you scan down.
+[1448.520 --> 1453.240]  In fact, the biggest one is the tensing of muscles, probably followed by touching face
+[1453.240 --> 1454.240]  or hair.
+[1454.240 --> 1457.880]  They build you to think straight.
+[1457.880 --> 1461.080]  Any surprises there, Joe?
+[1461.080 --> 1462.080]  No, not really.
+[1462.080 --> 1474.280]  In fact, one of the interesting things that we know about pacifiers is how often we touch
+[1474.280 --> 1480.000]  our faces to achieve, you know, this calming.
+[1480.000 --> 1485.000]  It starts, you know, in utero with thumb sucking.
+[1485.000 --> 1492.760]  And then, you know, we continue through life with little pacifier, biting nails, putting
+[1492.760 --> 1493.920]  things in our mouths.
+[1493.920 --> 1499.600]  I used to work with a guy who chewed his pencils.
+[1499.600 --> 1502.040]  And that was bad enough, but he kept them.
+[1502.040 --> 1508.880]  You know, it was like, he was like one of those critters out there that eats wood, as,
+[1508.880 --> 1511.680]  you know, throw those things away.
+[1511.680 --> 1515.360]  But, you know, when he was under stress, he had to have something in his mouth and he
+[1515.360 --> 1520.000]  was jumping on it.
+[1520.000 --> 1527.920]  Think about, for instance, at night, when we grind our teeth that we're pacifying.
+[1527.920 --> 1535.280]  I think one of the reasons, if not the principal reason, there's a lot of face touching is,
+[1535.280 --> 1541.360]  and not to get too technical, but we've got a very sophisticated audience.
+[1541.680 --> 1550.520]  The nerves that come out of our head and secrete themselves into our face, you know, they're
+[1550.520 --> 1553.960]  not that far from the brain.
+[1553.960 --> 1556.920]  They react very quickly.
+[1556.920 --> 1560.720]  And so I think because of that proximity, right?
+[1560.720 --> 1565.880]  So if you were to massage your foot, that would take a little longer, but the fact that
+[1565.920 --> 1573.840]  that nerve is so close, explains why, you know, we touch the tip of our, you know, you'll
+[1573.840 --> 1578.800]  see people under stress testifying touching the tip of their nose.
+[1578.800 --> 1581.080]  It has nothing to do with deception.
+[1581.080 --> 1586.320]  It has to do with the fact that the fifth cranial nerve comes right to here.
+[1586.320 --> 1592.520]  And so they're stimulating that to calm themselves down as well as other parts of the face.
+[1592.520 --> 1597.160]  So a lot of times when we look at why we do certain behaviors, one of the things that
+[1597.160 --> 1602.560]  we look at, certainly I look at, is what is the proximity to the brain?
+[1602.560 --> 1614.000]  Because these short nerves often indicate why we tend to do so much with our face, including
+[1614.000 --> 1621.000]  touching the ears, touching the nose, you know, pinching the bridge of the nose and other
+[1621.000 --> 1622.000]  things.
+[1622.480 --> 1623.680]  That's why we do it.
+[1624.320 --> 1624.520]  Yeah.
+[1624.520 --> 1625.280]  That's great.
+[1625.280 --> 1628.840]  And I'm sure as we're talking about touching the face, I'm sure a lot of people out there
+[1628.840 --> 1634.360]  will have found themselves sort of almost subconsciously scratching their nose or doing some of those
+[1634.360 --> 1635.040]  behaviors.
+[1635.040 --> 1639.000]  It's a bit like yawning sometimes when we talk about them, people start to.
+[1639.320 --> 1639.640]  Yeah.
+[1639.640 --> 1643.080]  You, well, let's, let's not forget mirror neurons.
+[1643.840 --> 1651.400]  You know, we, we, we can create a contagion by, by, by doing that.
+[1652.040 --> 1657.880]  But I, you know, I think sometimes we, especially there's a lot of literature out there.
+[1657.960 --> 1662.760]  I remember when I came into law enforcement in the 70s and, you know, people were saying,
+[1662.760 --> 1665.600]  well, you know, if they touched their nose, they're, they're lying.
+[1666.960 --> 1667.960]  No, they're not.
+[1669.400 --> 1672.440]  They may be, but that's not indicative of lying.
+[1673.080 --> 1678.000]  They may be touching their nose because when we're under any kind of stress, including
+[1678.000 --> 1685.640]  just being looked at, we're going to want to touch our nose, which tends to, to, to sue this.
+[1685.640 --> 1694.720]  So, yeah, it, it, it doesn't surprise me about the facial touching.
+[1696.640 --> 1703.200]  I find it interesting that most people didn't, you know, we don't even think about the feet.
+[1704.200 --> 1712.840]  And yet, we do a lot of pacifying with, with our feet.
+[1713.280 --> 1715.200]  You know, we, we curl our toes.
+[1715.680 --> 1718.480]  We put one foot on top of the other.
+[1718.480 --> 1721.200]  We bring our legs together.
+[1721.640 --> 1725.760]  We will, you know, shuffle our, our, our feet.
+[1725.760 --> 1728.280]  We will have what's called the ankle quiver.
+[1728.680 --> 1733.240]  When we're really stressed, the, the ankle will quiver back and forth repeatedly.
+[1734.680 --> 1738.880]  We tend to think of pacifiers as, as, as being up here.
+[1740.080 --> 1742.400]  But that's, that would be wrong.
+[1742.440 --> 1745.800]  We, we pacify through, throughout the body.
+[1746.400 --> 1747.560]  Yeah, you're absolutely right.
+[1747.560 --> 1750.240]  And we've asked people what they've seen in themselves.
+[1750.240 --> 1756.160]  But of course, we might get a different set of things if we asked others what they observed in, in, in people.
+[1756.160 --> 1761.560]  So often we're not even aware of what we're, what the behaviors we're demonstrating either.
+[1761.760 --> 1762.760]  Exactly.
+[1762.760 --> 1769.960]  I mean, think about people, including myself, I, I tend to bounce my leg when I, you know, it's like, let's move things along.
+[1769.960 --> 1771.760]  And my leg is, is bouncing.
+[1771.760 --> 1778.080]  So any, any repetitive behavior is a pacifier, whether you're playing with your hair or you're bouncing your leg.
+[1778.480 --> 1782.440]  And yet most of us focus up here, right?
+[1782.640 --> 1784.680]  And we forget the rest of the body.
+[1785.680 --> 1791.800]  You know, like, you see somebody repeatedly in, in a job interview is pulling up on their socks.
+[1791.800 --> 1793.800]  Well, their socks aren't falling.
+[1794.160 --> 1801.000]  They're ventilating their socks or pacifying the fact that they've done it three times in the last eight minute.
+[1801.360 --> 1809.640]  It's a clue that somehow they're, they're being stressed out because normally we don't pull our socks up that often.
+[1809.640 --> 1829.640]  So we have to, we have to sort of expand our, our, our view and say, we will use the whole body to pacify the question is, what has this person selected to, to, to do that?
+[1830.160 --> 1831.000]  That's great point.
+[1831.080 --> 1834.320]  Nadia, what have we got from participants?
+[1834.920 --> 1837.720]  We've got another great question from Australia.
+[1837.720 --> 1842.840]  And this is Stephanie asking about your FBI time doing your time with the FBI.
+[1842.840 --> 1845.400]  What signs of stress did you observe Joe?
+[1845.800 --> 1847.200]  The people you interview.
+[1848.400 --> 1849.920]  Yeah, how many hours do we have?
+[1851.240 --> 1859.600]  Because anytime it listen, anytime the FBI knocks on your door, we're not there to have a party.
+[1859.960 --> 1863.600]  It's, you know, it's, it's stressful.
+[1863.600 --> 1870.760]  Even when we're just asking for, for, for people's cooperation of their witnesses.
+[1872.160 --> 1876.640]  I think the most common thing, the first thing you always see is the freeze response.
+[1876.720 --> 1878.320]  They're, they're sort of shocked.
+[1878.560 --> 1880.600]  You know, what is the FBI doing here?
+[1880.600 --> 1881.920]  They're very stoic.
+[1882.480 --> 1884.080]  They stand very still.
+[1885.080 --> 1901.080]  It was always interesting to me how it's channeled even to the children where my mother or a father comes to the door and the children are standing there and, you know, you're flashing your, your credentials and they all freeze.
+[1901.240 --> 1903.080]  I mean, the whole family freezes.
+[1904.720 --> 1913.720]  Which, which harps back to, you know, evolution where we had to freeze when everybody else
+[1913.720 --> 1919.880]  froze because it was only important that the first person see the lion and the distance.
+[1921.160 --> 1924.560]  When that person froze, then everybody froze.
+[1924.560 --> 1929.960]  He didn't have to, he or she didn't have to turn around and says, hey, gang, line up ahead.
+[1929.960 --> 1933.640]  Let's, you know, you freeze everybody freezes.
+[1933.640 --> 1943.240]  And so it was, it was interesting really to, to see even very small children immediately without really, without a lot of assessment.
+[1944.720 --> 1949.400]  Mirroring the behavior of the parents and becoming stoic.
+[1949.400 --> 1958.640]  The other things that I looked for, you know, everybody is, you know, very familiar with the ringing of the hands and stuff like that.
+[1958.640 --> 1965.280]  But one of the things that I would notice is this, this little area under the noses called the filterum.
+[1965.280 --> 1967.200]  And these are your cultural columns.
+[1967.840 --> 1981.200]  Is that how often we would be talking about any number of subjects, but moisture would collect here within the, the filterum.
+[1981.480 --> 1985.160]  And they, you wouldn't see it anywhere else on the body.
+[1985.240 --> 1990.040]  And yet this was telling us this, this person is under stress.
+[1990.480 --> 1995.280]  Now, you know, we, we accept that for the first 20 or 30 minutes.
+[1995.760 --> 1998.760]  But after a while, hopefully the person is calmed down.
+[1998.760 --> 2004.960]  And so when, when they didn't stop, then we would wonder, you know, this is person have guilty knowledge.
+[2006.120 --> 2007.120]  And so forth.
+[2007.120 --> 2011.120]  And we would explore it further.
+[2012.440 --> 2018.360]  You know, I mentioned the, the playing with the socks.
+[2019.000 --> 2022.840]  I have literally had suspects take their shoes off.
+[2024.320 --> 2028.960]  Because what you forget that the, the, the feet are very vascular.
+[2029.600 --> 2032.800]  And so they, they just would heat up.
+[2033.200 --> 2037.040]  And so they would ventilate by taking their shoe off and putting it back on.
+[2037.040 --> 2040.600]  And I've had them look at me and say, I'm not sure why I did that.
+[2040.600 --> 2042.680]  And I'm going, I don't know why you did that.
+[2043.360 --> 2044.360]  Actually, I do.
+[2044.840 --> 2048.880]  And, and they're, they're doing ventilating behaviors.
+[2048.880 --> 2054.000]  Or one that you see, you don't see with the, with men because,
+[2055.720 --> 2062.400]  but you see with, with women is they'll be repeated movement of the hair away from the neck.
+[2062.640 --> 2065.520]  The neck under stress becomes very warm.
+[2066.160 --> 2071.760]  And so they, they'll, they'll flick their hair away to, to ventilate this area.
+[2072.280 --> 2079.120]  Men tend to remove their hat or run their fingers through their, their hair to, to ventilate.
+[2079.120 --> 2084.880]  So, you know, you, you see everything as, as an FBI agent, including fainting.
+[2086.160 --> 2094.120]  I had two incidents where, you know, when the minute you said you're under arrest and they just,
+[2095.400 --> 2100.040]  they, they just collapse. So, you know, we don't, don't forget.
+[2100.280 --> 2104.720]  There's the freeze response, response, but we rarely talk about the other.
+[2104.720 --> 2108.640]  So there's freeze flight, fight, but there's one in between.
+[2108.640 --> 2111.800]  And that's the freeze faint flight fight.
+[2112.200 --> 2117.880]  And, and that has been useful in many occasions.
+[2118.280 --> 2122.320]  You often hear about somebody that's attacked by a bear and they play dead.
+[2123.160 --> 2127.240]  That, that's part of the, the, the faint response.
+[2127.240 --> 2133.680]  Anyway, good, good question, but I think I pretty much seen my fill. Yeah.
+[2135.320 --> 2138.840]  Got to follow up question here from Julia in London.
+[2139.440 --> 2146.080]  How will people who are anxious or stressed try to, try to hide or mask their feelings?
+[2147.320 --> 2150.480]  Yeah. Well, there's all sorts of ways.
+[2151.280 --> 2156.000]  The people tried to hide the, when they're under stress.
+[2156.880 --> 2161.320]  I, you know, you, you'll see people wiping their hands on their trousers.
+[2162.320 --> 2171.120]  You'll see people, you know, like rotating their thumb inside the, their other hand,
+[2171.720 --> 2173.320]  doing all sorts of things.
+[2174.480 --> 2180.320]  I think the, the ones that we need to look out, first of all, let me just say this.
+[2180.960 --> 2185.640]  I think if it's a stressful situation, I think you should have no problem in saying
+[2185.800 --> 2187.880]  this is stressful and I'm nervous.
+[2187.920 --> 2189.120]  I do it all the time.
+[2189.120 --> 2192.520]  I, I gave a TED talk in Manchester,
+[2194.120 --> 2200.960]  a TEDx talk in Manchester right before the COVID and, and I said, you know, I,
+[2201.000 --> 2203.320]  I do this for a living, but I'm nervous.
+[2204.240 --> 2209.120]  And, and I think you should just front it and not worry about it because most of the time,
+[2209.120 --> 2210.200]  nobody wants you to fail.
+[2211.000 --> 2217.400]  But the behaviors that I look for when it comes to pacifying is when people are trying to hide them.
+[2217.720 --> 2223.440]  And they do it by, for instance, normally if, if I'm thinking of something, you know,
+[2223.440 --> 2226.400]  I might touch my face and scratch my face like that.
+[2226.720 --> 2232.560]  But when they, when they pretend like this isn't happening, so they do it really slow.
+[2232.560 --> 2234.440]  You'll see poker players do this.
+[2235.000 --> 2239.920]  When they're under high stress, they know that there's all sorts of eyes on them.
+[2240.200 --> 2245.160]  So instead of just touching their face, they'll sit there and just slow it down, really slow.
+[2246.040 --> 2253.160]  Anytime they, people try to hide that they're pacifying, I take a look at the other one is the ones that we,
+[2253.160 --> 2256.440]  we do within the mouth.
+[2257.320 --> 2263.880]  And you'll see people and you'll, they'll, they'll stick their tongue into their cheek and they'll go like this.
+[2264.360 --> 2270.600]  And they're really hiding the fact that they're pacifying.
+[2271.440 --> 2274.800]  They'll do these little gestures, tongue into the cheek.
+[2274.880 --> 2279.240]  You know, it's very, the tongue is obviously very rich in, in nerves.
+[2280.000 --> 2287.640]  And, and the, the, they're, they're pretending like everything is okay, like whistling,
+[2287.640 --> 2291.360]  wanting to walking through a dark alley and so forth.
+[2292.360 --> 2299.840]  So that's, that's what I look for is, is when they're trying to hide the pacifier, not that they're doing it.
+[2299.840 --> 2301.600]  Yeah, good, good question.
+[2302.640 --> 2308.960]  What gestures of postures can reduce anxiety read from South Africa's asking?
+[2312.000 --> 2319.040]  Well, interestingly enough, there's, there's a lot of things that, that, that we can do.
+[2319.040 --> 2329.520]  One of them, which goes actually with the last question, but is also applicable to this one is rotating your, your neck.
+[2331.920 --> 2345.520]  I've seen there's so many, not hundreds of times, thousands of times in, in, in settings where the person will engage in this inordinate amount of stretching of the neck.
+[2346.400 --> 2358.520]  That is a pacifier and it's a very useful one to just, you know, stretch your neck before you go out and speak or, or do something that that can, can help you.
+[2359.360 --> 2369.840]  The, you know, obviously you, you, you want to have a, a preference, but you can also have what we call a pre presence.
+[2370.320 --> 2380.960]  And that is by, you know, this is taking on some of the work, or following on some of the work by, by Dr. Amy Cuddy.
+[2382.000 --> 2395.040]  And that is you find a solid wall and do very expansive gestures. So you spread your arms and you push into that wall with all your strength.
+[2395.760 --> 2400.960]  And I find that is very helpful.
+[2401.400 --> 2413.120]  And to sort of releasing your mindset and your chemistry, I find it stretches me, I find that it gets the blood flowing. I feel more confident.
+[2414.080 --> 2428.080]  And, and doing those things and, and that's something that you can do right before you go on a stage or right before you go into an office, you can, there's always a bathroom, you can go into and, and do that thing.
+[2428.960 --> 2439.680]  I was in a, I was in a bathroom one day doing that right. I was already wired up, but I'm doing the stretch thing and somebody came in and said, isn't that a little late for now.
+[2439.680 --> 2452.640]  It's like it's never too late. But that's, that's what I do to, to, to get mentally, like a runner stretching right before they take the blocks.
+[2453.600 --> 2459.840]  Easy to do, fun to do. And you'll, you'll never know who comes up and talks to you. So yeah.
+[2460.000 --> 2471.040]  And that ties in well with the last server where a lot of people talked about the tensing up of muscles as a result of anxiety and stress. So stretching is a way of directly trying to address that.
+[2471.040 --> 2480.400]  That's, that's a great point, David. It, it really does do that. I think people spend a lot of time saying, oh, I'm nervous. I'm anxious.
+[2480.960 --> 2496.080]  You know, and they're pacing back and forth and that doesn't do enough. I think just, you know, what I call take on that wall and just push it like you're trying to hold up the side of a building and release all that tension.
+[2496.080 --> 2501.600]  And, and you'll find you'll, you'll walk out with, with, with greater confidence.
+[2502.160 --> 2505.200]  Anyway, that's, that's what I like to do.
+[2505.200 --> 2510.400]  And then what can you do to come other people down in high stress situations?
+[2510.400 --> 2529.600]  Yeah. And, and I love that question. Because, you know, in fact, this is, this is something that I talk about in, in my new book, which is what is the, what is the relationship of a leader to others.
+[2529.600 --> 2543.600]  And one of the, one of the responsibilities of a leader is not to give grand ideas is to do exactly what you're talking about in India, which is, how do I call other people down? How do I attenuate fears?
+[2544.160 --> 2554.600]  And there are, there are, you know, really good ways. And, and one of them is that to remember that all eyes are on you.
+[2554.600 --> 2563.600]  And so, you know, how you present, right? You know, do you come out and are you running back and forth? Are your hands jittery?
+[2564.160 --> 2575.600]  You know, are you looking about? Are you biting your lip and so forth? Or are you considering what is, you know, from a sort of theatrical standpoint?
+[2575.600 --> 2579.600]  What is needed now? What is needed now? Is someone who is calm?
+[2579.600 --> 2589.600]  Someone who is thinking through this and not being emotional? And, you know, sometimes we have to act that part.
+[2589.600 --> 2601.600]  Which, which means, okay, I'm in charge of this mess. I'm going to come out here. First thing I'm going to do is I'm going to do a cathartic exhale.
+[2601.600 --> 2613.600]  People will see that. And as any emergency room doctor will tell you the minute the doctor does that, everybody else begins to settle down.
+[2613.600 --> 2627.600]  And so, if we invariably will mirror what the, the chief person, the senior person will do. And so others will exhale. Just as David said, you know, if we touch our nose, other people may do it.
+[2627.600 --> 2637.600]  We do a cathartic exhale. We come ourselves down. We call them other people down. And then we force ourselves to talk in a lower voice.
+[2637.600 --> 2645.600]  Very precise without sentences or statements without equivocation.
+[2645.600 --> 2651.600]  So you can have no equivocation. There is no hesitation. Hasitation kills.
+[2651.600 --> 2657.600]  So it's, you know, let's do this. You in the, in the blue suit.
+[2657.600 --> 2663.600]  I need for you to go get some water. You, I need for you to hold the legs up.
+[2663.600 --> 2677.600]  And keep the legs up while we're tending to this person. And, you know, and it's, it's a calm voice. And in that calmness, others will respond. The worst thing you can do is, is, is act hysterical.
+[2677.600 --> 2689.600]  And that just aggravates things and keep the, the tone of voice low because one where on their stress, our voice tends to go higher.
+[2689.600 --> 2706.600]  And I tell the story of the first time I, we were rehearsing, making arrests. And they said, okay, Joe, now you make the arrest. And I was so nervous. And my voice, I'm sure it sounded like, stop your under arrest. Really high.
+[2706.600 --> 2710.600]  You can't, you, you just can't do that.
+[2710.600 --> 2729.600]  I mean, not even the dogs will respect you if you're talking that high. You really have to say, this is my role. I, I need to perform this this way. And the Lord voice will, will do it.
+[2729.600 --> 2739.600]  That's great. Now, now that I'm sure we've got a couple of life questions we can ask Joe. But just before you do, Joe, you mentioned your new book coming out. So what's that called and when, well, yeah.
+[2739.600 --> 2744.600]  Thanks for mentioning. I literally just got it three days ago.
+[2744.600 --> 2749.600]  The exceptional comes out June 29th. You can pre-order it.
+[2749.600 --> 2756.600]  Bookstore, Amazon, everybody's got it or my website, Joe Navarro dot net.
+[2756.600 --> 2761.600]  And it's the sin, you know, people ask me, well, what's it about?
+[2761.600 --> 2770.600]  Once you master nonverbals, now what do you do with it? And that's what it's about is, is it, it answers the question.
+[2770.600 --> 2776.600]  Nobody wants, you know, if you asked the public who wants to be average, nobody wants to be average. Okay.
+[2776.600 --> 2782.600]  Who wants to be exceptional? Everybody raises their hand and say, well, not how do you do that?
+[2782.600 --> 2791.600]  How do you, how do you, because to be exceptional, you have to do exceptional things. And that's what the book is about. So thanks for mentioning.
+[2791.600 --> 2799.600]  So what other questions do we have because I saw a couple of them earlier and they were, I thought they were pretty good.
+[2799.600 --> 2804.600]  We got someone asking here on the live feed who's very nervous and job situations.
+[2804.600 --> 2812.600]  What do you think are the most important things to keep in mind about one's own body language, doing job interviews?
+[2812.600 --> 2828.600]  Once again, I think this, this is a question that I've heard from recent college graduates and I've heard it from, from people transferring from mid, mid career.
+[2828.600 --> 2836.600]  And the philosophy is everybody's been in this situation. Just don't hide it.
+[2836.600 --> 2852.600]  You know, most of us aren't world class actors. So don't hide it. Just say, you know, I'm really nervous. And I'm sure that the people that will be there interviewing you will understand because nobody likes to be interviewed, even in a job setting.
+[2852.600 --> 2863.600]  Just front it, say, you know, I'm nervous, you know, exhale. And I'm sure the people there will say we understand completely.
+[2863.600 --> 2873.600]  And I think this is one of those things that causes a lot of anxiety because I think in the past people have tried to get you to hide it.
+[2873.600 --> 2881.600]  Don't do that. Just just front it. And everybody will understand we've all been through it.
+[2881.600 --> 2894.600]  Here's Alexandra asking, how do you recommend that we replace a negative self soothing behavior such as nail biting that we obviously can't do in a.
+[2894.600 --> 2905.600]  Yeah, good question. I just did a pacifier. So these, this is, this, this, this, this little area of the mouth is called the comasher's.
+[2905.600 --> 2919.600]  And when we're under stress or when saliva builds up, we have a tendency to, to touch the comasher's of the mouth, it, it calms us down.
+[2919.600 --> 2929.600]  Not that I'm nervous. It's just when we're talking a lot, our mouth dries up the,
+[2929.600 --> 2932.600]  I asked a question again. Sorry.
+[2932.600 --> 2935.600]  Oh, so what do we do instead of biting on nails?
+[2935.600 --> 2947.600]  Yeah, sorry. Right. So the reason I came to, to, to this is, you'll see some people when they're under stress that they'll repeatedly touch the corners of their mouth.
+[2947.600 --> 2953.600]  What happens is they touch it so much they become ulcerated.
+[2953.600 --> 2966.600]  Right. And so you'll see this, this reddening of this area or you have some people that bite their nails so often that they bleed or they get infected and, and so forth.
+[2966.600 --> 2981.600]  Obviously, we do these behaviors because once again, repetitive behaviors that are tactile are self soothing, but they can become addictive in a way, and they can become pathological.
+[2981.600 --> 2985.600]  They can actually harm us like pulling our hair and, and other things.
+[2985.600 --> 3008.600]  And for years, you know, people or, you know, clinicians have said, well, you know, divert that with something else. So when you feel you're going to, for instance, bite your nails, take a, you know, the old, you take a rubber band, then you put it around your wrist and every time you find yourself biting your nails, you snap the rubber band.
+[3008.600 --> 3014.600]  Kind of primitive, but it actually works. I had a neighbor that that did that.
+[3014.600 --> 3017.600]  And, and, and it helped her.
+[3017.600 --> 3032.600]  I think one of the things you can do is recognize that, okay, this isn't healthy. This constant touching of the mouth is, is just, first of all, your hands may be dirty. So don't do that.
+[3032.600 --> 3051.600]  And then say, well, what am I going to replace it with? Because my brain is, is, is going to require it. And some people, you know, will take an object, a little piece of tin or something, and they will hold it in their hands and just rub it.
+[3051.600 --> 3063.600]  And transfer that there, they put their hands behind their back and, and, and there are ways to transfer it. I think the worst thing you can do is keep doing it.
+[3063.600 --> 3080.600]  Because you, it, it can become obsessive compulsive. I mean, I, I had to escort an individual out of a bathroom as a police officer before I came into the FBI, who was washing his hands so much.
+[3080.600 --> 3085.600]  So much compulsively that his hands were believing.
+[3085.600 --> 3092.600]  And they just cannot control this. So we had to get him some help.
+[3092.600 --> 3101.600]  And, and, you know, that can affect all of us, especially if, if we're under stress.
+[3101.600 --> 3111.600]  And, you know, I think that's the great question I have to ask you, because you are great at this, Joe, how can you reduce stress levels in children?
+[3111.600 --> 3120.600]  Yeah, that's, that's the one for, that's the, the million dollar question.
+[3120.600 --> 3130.600]  We know that children are, are under tremendous amount of stress because there is so much stimuli out there.
+[3130.600 --> 3143.600]  There, there are so many demands on them from school, from homework, from what other children are doing, social media and, and, and everything else.
+[3143.600 --> 3154.600]  I think the healthiest things that we can do is from a very early age structure a day, create the scaffolding.
+[3154.600 --> 3172.600]  So that the child knows that, at least once a day, they're going to be outside playing or exercising or engaging in, I mean, I've seen children engage, you know, doing yoga or swimming or any number of, of things.
+[3172.600 --> 3189.600]  So that this becomes part of their life that somewhere along the, the day, there will be a time to where they're not think of anything else, but just standing, standing down.
+[3189.600 --> 3216.600]  I think if we don't do that, it's very easy to have, I know clinicians don't like to have, use the term neurosis, but I think one can become very sort of neurotic in that we want to, you know, find, you know, we can connect with each other so quickly that this fear of missing out this FOMO, you know, what are you doing?
+[3216.600 --> 3229.600]  What are you doing about, you're doing this, and so that creates a lot of stress, getting there on time, not being late, doing X amount of work, being at the top of the class.
+[3229.600 --> 3252.600]  So if you look at cultures, for instance, that do a lot of testing, stresses is just out of control with some of these children. So I think they, there needs to be, I see parents taking their children to, you know, ballet, karate,
+[3252.600 --> 3277.600]  and lessons, sometimes, and, you know, any number of things. And the, my question is, yeah, that's great, but where in the architecture of, of this that you've created is this time when, when they can relax, or do you, do you seriously expect them to go from this high level of activity to then say, okay, it's eight o'clock, you need to be in bed.
+[3277.600 --> 3293.600]  Humans are not faucets. We're not switches, you cannot switch, there has to be a transition period, and there has to be a period when, when we stand down, when we can relax, and that needs to be built into it.
+[3293.600 --> 3315.600]  The other thing is we ourselves need to do those things so that they can mirror us, they can model us and say, you know, mom and dad, they take time to not be online to converse, we converse, you know, very quietly.
+[3315.600 --> 3326.600]  And, and that has a soothing effect, and hopefully we'll get a little deal with the neurotic anxiety of today.
+[3326.600 --> 3343.600]  Yeah, I was going to say, Joe, you make a great point there. It's just as important for as much as we talk about children doing this. It's just as important for us, for adults, for everybody else, they have those periods of, of downtime, where we can actually sort of refresh and sort of reengage.
+[3343.600 --> 3351.600]  We can't be all at that peak performance level all the time, because that's what leads to stress and anxiety and, and some clinical issues.
+[3351.600 --> 3380.600]  It leads later on in life to hypertension, to, to this restlessness, to this inability to, to, to just relax. And so the easiest things that we turn then to our drugs and alcohol and other things to, to attenuate is when, when in fact, for tens of thousands of years, at least for 700,000 years, our species had a very routine.
+[3380.600 --> 3397.600]  We knew our environment, we weren't constantly crashing with many cultures, many, many things that were new to us. It was, you know, there's that tree again. It was there yesterday.
+[3397.600 --> 3426.600]  And yeah, the lions come by here every once in a while, but then they go away. The, the harmony that we had with, with nature is, is, is gone. You know, you can't be harmonious with a device that's, that's speaking to you at two gigahertz. We, we just can't keep up. And so we become anxious and, and so forth. So we have to, for the benefit of ourselves and children is, is really important.
+[3426.600 --> 3454.600]  And is, is work that into the program. And, and you know, when I hear, yeah, you know, my, my daughter does this and this and this and this and it's great. And then my, my question, which I never say I allowed, but I'm asking it is, when, when is her transition time and when is her, you know, where she literally stands down. And I suspect a lot of parents have difficulty answering that.
+[3454.600 --> 3464.600]  Well, I think we're, we're almost out of time. Perhaps one quick final question. I did maybe, you got one day in India, we can attack.
+[3464.600 --> 3471.600]  One here, it's about the COVID time. So with a mask, how can you detect stress on the face?
+[3471.600 --> 3483.600]  Yeah, the, you know, we, we talked about that a while ago and that's still one of the two, one of the two top three questions that I get.
+[3483.600 --> 3491.600]  Well, first of all, congratulations. Now you realize how important understanding body language is.
+[3491.600 --> 3505.600]  And if, if for no other reason, you know, that, that may be one of the best reasons to take the course is so that you can learn to read body language, but not just in one area.
+[3505.600 --> 3517.600]  So we look at the eyes, we look for the squinting. Usually you can see the, the squinting eyes, the narrowing of the ocular socket.
+[3517.600 --> 3529.600]  We look for the furrowing of the, of the globella or the furrowing of the forehead. And of course, any touching of the face.
+[3529.600 --> 3554.600]  These all contribute to, to, to understanding, I, I feel for a lot of people who just have never taken the time to really study body language. And they were just sort of perplexed when people starting mask and say, well, I can't, you know, I can't really tell what, what, what they're feeling or, you know, are they happy or upset.
+[3554.600 --> 3568.600]  You know, if, if you have been studying this, you would realize that from, you know, the head on down, that there are a lot of things that we can look for that communicate effectively.
+[3568.600 --> 3587.600]  So I, I know we're near the top of the hour. So I want to thank everybody for this, this opportunity. I wish we had time for the, all the questions that we got. But I, I think these, these were great questions. I think going forward.
+[3587.600 --> 3614.600]  You know, obviously, if you're, if you're here and you're listening to this, it's because you care. I think we need to be mindful of each other and we, we need to be mindful that this probably has been the most stressful thing that we as a collective as a group as a society has had probably since the global wars.
+[3614.600 --> 3641.600]  And that you, we're, we're still suffering a little bit from it and we have to be mindful of what other people have, have gone through and, and that they may not quite be there yet and, and our job is to just to help them. So thank you for this great opportunity and David and Nadia. Thank you for organizing this and we'll talk soon.
+[3641.600 --> 3660.600]  Please Joe and just to remind it to people if they are, if you are sort of, you know, struggling because of stress and anxiety, please reach out to friends and family or to other support mechanisms that are out there because it's important that you do get the help that that we all need at times.
+[3660.600 --> 3686.600]  And, and once again, thank you for being a part of this morning. I encourage people if you're really interested in body language and looking at this in more depth, then please have a look at the expert program that the Joe runs. That's what we've sort of talked about a little bit today and you can find out more information about that at our website, which is JN body language academy.com.
+[3686.600 --> 3701.600]  I would currently got a 30% spring special. So if you're interested in the program, you can check it out. You can do the demo, which will give you an idea of what the program is about and you can get a discount for the next week on the program.
+[3702.600 --> 3708.600]  So once again, thank you everybody from joining us from around the world. Thank you, Joe. Thank you Nadia.
+[3708.600 --> 3709.600]  Thank you.
+[3709.600 --> 3717.600]  I look forward to seeing everybody either on the program or next time. So thanks. Thanks everyone once again.

transcript/webinar_hw8NkVRULmY.txt

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+[0.000 --> 4.000]  Good morning and welcome to our OpenSIM webinar.
+[4.000 --> 11.000]  My name is Joy Koo and I'm the OpenSIM Director of Disponation and Training and I'll be starting off our webinar today.
+[11.000 --> 22.000]  Jennifer Hicks, the OpenSIM R&D Manager and the Associate Director of the NCSR will also be joining us later to co-moderate this presentation.
+[23.000 --> 37.000]  I'm pleased to welcome today's presenter, Mausanne Alborno, who is joining me here at Stanford and he's going to be presenting his presentation on computational models of reaching to test hypotheses in motor control.
+[37.000 --> 41.000]  Next slide, please.
+[42.000 --> 57.000]  OpenSIM is a freely available software application for visualizing musculoskeletal structures and healing movements of humans and animals.
+[57.000 --> 70.000]  The application includes tools for general purpose inverse dynamics, optimization to estimate muscle and joint forces, methods to create simulations for motion capture.
+[70.000 --> 75.000]  Tools to analyze and visualize the results of simulations.
+[75.000 --> 81.000]  The first goal for webinar series is to showcase cutting-edge research that's being performed with OpenSIM.
+[81.000 --> 86.000]  OpenSIM is also a large geographically diverse community of users.
+[86.000 --> 96.000]  The second goal for webinar series is to provide an easy platform for the OpenSIM community to communicate and collaborate.
+[97.000 --> 104.000]  So before we get started, we have a few reminders about the webinar format.
+[104.000 --> 110.000]  Questions will be addressed at the end of the presentation using the Q&A panel.
+[110.000 --> 116.000]  And if you need additional technical help, you can also consult the guide on our website.
+[116.000 --> 119.000]  The URL is given there.
+[119.000 --> 121.000]  Next slide.
+[121.000 --> 124.000]  And now I'd like to introduce our speaker.
+[124.000 --> 132.000]  Mausolem O'Bourneau is a distinguished postdoctoral fellow at the NIH Funded Mobile Ice Center here at Stanford University.
+[132.000 --> 137.000]  He completed his PhD in computer science at the University of Toronto.
+[137.000 --> 149.000]  During his studies, he entered at the Max Plong Institute for Intelligence Systems and at WETA Digital, where he received a film credit for the Hobbit, the Battle of the Five Armies.
+[149.000 --> 162.000]  So I'm pleased to have Mausolem here today to share with us additional details of his recent research using computational models to test hypotheses and model and motor control.
+[162.000 --> 164.000]  So take it away, Mausolem.
+[164.000 --> 167.000]  All right. Well, thank you very much.
+[168.000 --> 191.000]  So every, you know, it's easy to be impressed by a picture like this for a person diving and it's very easy to be impressed by the movements of Olympic athletes and of dancers, but we should also be impressed by our everyday movements from picking up a cup of coffee to reaching to a cup of coffee and standing and walking.
+[191.000 --> 215.000]  So every day we make movements that are very computationally challenging in ways that neuroscientists don't understand how the brain is producing these movements and roboticists would only dream of building a system that have the precision, the speed, the versatility and the elegance of human movement.
+[215.000 --> 238.000]  So my research is about developing computational models of human movement and this has been an area of study for centuries and the prevailing wisdom actually a few centuries ago was that to understand the system, you had to build a mechanical, a mechanical device that replicates that system.
+[238.000 --> 249.000]  And a famous example of this is the duck of a vocation where you built a mechanical system of a duck to study the digestive system of ducks.
+[249.000 --> 257.000]  Now, in our current time, we don't need to have mechanical systems, we can have computational models.
+[257.000 --> 271.000]  And for human movement, we've reached a point where we understand the physiology and the biomechanics quite well, but we have a very little understanding of how the brain actually controls movement.
+[271.000 --> 285.000]  So I'm interested to use these computational models to understand how the brain controls movement or at least to get insight and to test the to use these models to test hypotheses in motor control.
+[285.000 --> 299.000]  So in the long term, we want to understand how all these brain areas interact with each other and how do they interact with the spinal cord when a person is producing a complicated movement like playing the violin.
+[299.000 --> 306.000]  And so there's different approaches to study the motor system. You can study at a different level.
+[306.000 --> 317.000]  One example is that you can study the motor system at the neural circuitry level. And this is mostly done on rodents or on birds.
+[317.000 --> 328.000]  And it's very nice that you can see how things are implemented at a very low level, low level, but it's difficult to extract algorithms and organizing principle at such a level.
+[329.000 --> 343.000]  Another approach is to study the motor system with psychophysics where you have hypotheses and you develop experiments to see how humans reacts in different conditions, under different conditions.
+[343.000 --> 355.000]  However, for certain hypotheses, it can be very difficult to design an experiment to test your hypotheses, but it might not be so difficult to do it with computational models.
+[356.000 --> 377.000]  So computational models can allow us to circumvent this problem. And furthermore, with computational models, you get a constructive understanding and not just a descriptive understanding of the motor system, meaning that you get new ideas of how the motor system could potentially work, which you can then test with psychophysics and neural circuitry.
+[377.000 --> 389.000]  So all these levels are equally important and insight from one level can be implited to another level and interaction happens in both directions.
+[392.000 --> 402.000]  So I'm interested in using these computational models to test hypotheses in motor control and I'm going to illustrate it on two examples in this talk.
+[403.000 --> 409.000]  I'm going to discuss the relationship between movement speed and accuracy known as the speed accuracy trade off.
+[410.000 --> 420.000]  Then I'm going to investigate a potential mechanism used by the central nervous system to produce movement known as muscle synergies.
+[421.000 --> 440.000]  So I'll start with the background and motivation for the speed accuracy trade off. I'll discuss a biomechanical model that we use in a computational model to predict kinematics with this model.
+[441.000 --> 450.000]  And so with these predicted kinematics, we're going to discuss how we validate the results with what has been reported in motor control studies.
+[451.000 --> 463.000]  Lastly, I will propose a new theory on what accounts for the speed accuracy trade off and I'll discuss some of the validation experiments that we performed with collaborators to validate this new theory.
+[464.000 --> 472.000]  Now imagine that you're playing tennis and you're serving and you hit the ball very strongly.
+[472.000 --> 480.000]  So you want the ball to go very quickly to beat your opponent but if you hit it too strongly, most likely you're going to completely miss your target.
+[481.000 --> 491.000]  On the other hand, if you're very careful on where you want the ball to land, most likely it's going to be too slow and your opponent is going to easily reply.
+[492.000 --> 495.000]  So this is an example of this speed accuracy trade off.
+[498.000 --> 505.000]  And imagine a surgeon is performing a delicate operation. When he wants to be precise, he goes very slowly.
+[505.000 --> 511.000]  And this is very well known as well in the field of human computer interaction and whenever new interfaces are built.
+[512.000 --> 520.000]  When the target of the, when you have a, in your interface, you have a target of a small size, people move slower to that target.
+[523.000 --> 529.000]  And so we wanted to use computation to use a computation model to study the speed accuracy trade off.
+[530.000 --> 540.000]  And when we started looking at what has been done previously in the literature, we saw that most of the previous model models were torque driven, meaning that you didn't have any muscles.
+[540.000 --> 547.000]  And you had the force that generated the rotation of a joint, a bit like a robot, but not like humans that actually have muscles.
+[548.000 --> 553.000]  Most of the models were also plain or like rock knee and all and sketching out.
+[554.000 --> 561.000]  So while these models are adequate for many studies, they're not adequate to study everyday natural movements.
+[561.000 --> 569.000]  And also when you want to understand how the brain controls movement, these models may not be at the required resolution to study this problem.
+[571.000 --> 585.000]  So we use a biomechanical model introduced by Soleno, which has 47 HLT muscle-tended actuators and 5 degrees of freedom, three other shoulders, one at the elbow and one for forearm rotation, and we fix the wrist.
+[586.000 --> 593.000]  So this model was used to predict muscle activity given kinematics, but it wasn't used to predict new kinematics.
+[594.000 --> 605.000]  And the reason is to perform an optimization with this model is very difficult. You're very likely to fall in a local minima because of the high dimensionality of the search space.
+[607.000 --> 615.000]  So we use this model to synthesize three-dimensional point-to-point-treating movements with trajectory optimization.
+[616.000 --> 621.000]  So given initial pose and a target pose, we predict new kinematics with this model.
+[622.000 --> 636.000]  And we focus on point-to-point-to-reaching movements because most of voluntary movement generation, whether you're brushing your teeth or having a handshake or waving at someone, can be decomposed as point-to-point-to-reaching movements.
+[638.000 --> 642.000]  So now I'm going to describe the optimization pipeline.
+[643.000 --> 651.000]  I'm going to start here with random muscle excitations, and we're going to apply a forward simulation with these random muscle excitations over time.
+[653.000 --> 659.000]  This forward simulation is going to give us a trajectory, which satisfies the equations of motion and the activation dynamics.
+[660.000 --> 669.000]  With this trajectory, we're going to evaluate it on a cost function. Cost function tells us how well we've performed, and we want a cost function to be as low as possible in our case.
+[669.000 --> 680.000]  And this is fed back into the trajectory optimization, which then attempts to find new guesses for the muscle excitations in order to reduce the cost function.
+[682.000 --> 691.000]  The trajectory optimization is performed with a method called covariance matrix adaptation, and I'm going to briefly describe how it works.
+[692.000 --> 703.000]  We sample from a normal distribution illustrated by the orange dashed lines here, possible candidate muscle excitations illustrated by the black dots here.
+[705.000 --> 710.000]  For each muscle excitations, we perform the forward simulation, and we evaluate it on the cost function.
+[711.000 --> 718.000]  Based on a subset of the best performing muscle excitations, we update the normal distribution at the next generation.
+[719.000 --> 731.000]  And now this new normal distribution, we're going to sample new possible muscle excitations again in order to drive the normal distribution at the next generation.
+[732.000 --> 739.000]  And we continue until the maximum number of generations has been reached or until we've converged.
+[740.000 --> 750.000]  In our experiments, we had 500 generations with 300 samples of muscle excitations, which took about three to four hours on 16 course.
+[753.000 --> 761.000]  Now we need to describe the cost function for reaching. So when you think of reaching, these are the behaviors that we want to encourage.
+[762.000 --> 766.000]  We want the hand at the last time step to be as close as possible to a target.
+[767.000 --> 773.000]  While throughout the movements, we want to minimize the muscle activations and the joint limit violations.
+[774.000 --> 780.000]  We want to reach the target with a small final velocity, and we want to reach the target with the forearm inclination.
+[781.000 --> 787.000]  This is only done for consistently reaching the target in the same fashion.
+[788.000 --> 793.000]  Lastly, when we want to study the speed accuracy tradeoff, we want to reach the target as soon as possible.
+[794.000 --> 801.000]  And now I'm going to describe the function, this function mathematically that we're aiming to minimize.
+[803.000 --> 808.000]  Here all the W's are scalar weights to the cost function.
+[810.000 --> 822.000]  We want the hand position at the last time set denoted by the end subscript to be as close as possible to a desired hand position denoted by the D's.
+[823.000 --> 828.000]  So we want to minimize the muscle activations, so we want to minimize the muscle activity.
+[829.000 --> 834.000]  We want to minimize the amount of red throughout the movement. We want to minimize joint limit violations.
+[835.000 --> 840.000]  We don't want the elbow to overextend, for example, during the movement.
+[841.000 --> 846.000]  Lastly, we want to reach the target with a small final velocity.
+[846.000 --> 851.000]  We want to reach the target with a small final velocity.
+[852.000 --> 856.000]  We want to reach the target with the forearm inclination.
+[857.000 --> 860.000]  And we want to reach the target as soon as possible.
+[861.000 --> 864.000]  So this term is described in our answer, but it's very simple.
+[865.000 --> 867.000]  It's basically a penalty.
+[868.000 --> 870.000]  Each time that the hand has not reached the target.
+[871.000 --> 875.000]  So if you want to minimize this cost, you want to reach the target as soon as possible.
+[876.000 --> 886.000]  And then our simulations, our physics simulations are performed with OpenSim and our models available in OpenSim as well.
+[888.000 --> 895.000]  So we've collected data from four subjects using inertial motion capture.
+[896.000 --> 901.000]  And here I'm comparing the results between our simulations and a representative subject.
+[901.000 --> 907.000]  So when the model doesn't have any muscles, this is the movement of a representative subject.
+[908.000 --> 913.000]  And when the model has muscles, this is the result of our simulations.
+[915.000 --> 924.000]  So here I'm showing them side to side. In our simulations, we're only giving giving our optimization the final target position and the total movement duration.
+[925.000 --> 928.000]  And the rest of the simulation is entirely predicted.
+[928.000 --> 935.000]  So we vary the position of the target and also the initial position of the model.
+[937.000 --> 948.000]  Here in this example, we see that we predict a little bit more elbow flexion than this representative subject, but we still have reasonable results.
+[949.000 --> 958.000]  So now we have this computational model and we're going to compare the kinematics that it produces with what has been reported in the literature.
+[960.000 --> 969.000]  So on the left hand side, we see the handpads in a center outreach task. So the hand starts from this position and reaches different targets on a plane.
+[970.000 --> 984.000]  And we see that the handpads are nearly straight, which means that the shoulder and elbow are coordinated together when producing these reaches and also the handpads are slightly curved towards the target when you're reaching quickly.
+[986.000 --> 991.000]  And here on the right, we see the results of our simulations.
+[991.000 --> 998.000]  We also have handpads that are nearly straight and slight curves towards the end of the movement.
+[1000.000 --> 1006.000]  Now we're going to take a reach to a single target and we're going to look at its velocity profile.
+[1007.000 --> 1012.000]  And we see that we have a bell-shaped velocity profile reported in the literature.
+[1013.000 --> 1031.000]  And on the right hand side, we see that our simulations also reproduce this bell-shaped velocity profile, including the secondary velocity peak that happens towards the end of the movement, which also occurs in the results reported in the literature.
+[1032.000 --> 1043.000]  It's been reported that the velocity profile is asymmetric, meaning that if you're reaching very quickly, your peak velocity tends to happen later in time.
+[1044.000 --> 1051.000]  When you're moving slower, your peak velocity happens earlier and we reproduce this results in our simulations.
+[1052.000 --> 1058.000]  And there has been various explanations why this asymmetry in the velocity profile occurs.
+[1058.000 --> 1067.000]  You have in the literature, some authors have hypothesized that it's due to neural constraints or maybe that the brain uses a time varying,
+[1067.000 --> 1079.000]  during the straights throughout the movement. But we show that this asymmetry occurs directly when using trajectory optimization and using a realistic skeletal model.
+[1079.000 --> 1087.000]  And we think it's due to the force velocity relationship in muscles that causes this asymmetry in the velocity profiles.
+[1088.000 --> 1115.000]  Now we're interested in the speed accuracy trade-off, and a well-known relationship that describes the speed accuracy trade-off is FITSLAW, which describes how the distance of the reach denoted by a and the size of a target, and if the width of the target is denoted by W, FITSLAW is a relationship between the movement duration,
+[1115.000 --> 1128.000]  and the index of difficulty. And so if the width of the target is smaller, you have a greater index of difficulty, A and B are subject-specific scalar parameters.
+[1131.000 --> 1142.000]  Here I'm just illustrating FITSLAW on a simple example, assume that your reach distance is 15 cm, and the width of your target is 15 cm.
+[1142.000 --> 1152.000]  This for given A and B's would produce an index of difficulty of 1, so you would predict a movement duration of 200 milliseconds.
+[1152.000 --> 1161.000]  If your width of the target was 1 cm, you would get an index of difficulty of 6, so you would predict a movement duration around 800 milliseconds.
+[1162.000 --> 1181.000]  And we see that our simulations produced have movement durations that are very consistent with FITSLAW, and we perform our simulations by having always the same target distance of 15 cm, but we vary the width of the target.
+[1181.000 --> 1198.000]  We have more validation results available in our manuscript, which is available on bioarchives, and the title of our manuscript is High Fidelity Musculoskeletal Modeling,
+[1198.000 --> 1205.000]  which then reveals a motor planning contribution to the speed accuracy trade-offs.
+[1205.000 --> 1217.000]  One point that is important is that we were able to show that FITSLAW emerges even without the presence of motor noise.
+[1217.000 --> 1231.000]  This really goes against a widely held theory that says that execution noise that scales proportionally to the muscle excitations explaining the speed accuracy trade-offs.
+[1231.000 --> 1237.000]  And here in this theory, when you have high muscle excitations, you have more noise.
+[1237.000 --> 1241.000]  Well, if you have low muscle excitations, you have smaller noise.
+[1241.000 --> 1251.000]  So if you're reaching to a large target, you can afford having a lot of noise since you're still going to reach your target, even if you have execution noise.
+[1251.000 --> 1254.000]  And so you can go quickly when reaching to a small target.
+[1254.000 --> 1266.000]  But you cannot afford having a lot of execution noise when you're reaching a small target, so that's why you move slower, because you're forced to use smaller values for your muscle excitations.
+[1268.000 --> 1276.000]  So we're going to propose a theory based on motor planning, variability, which I'll describe in a few slides.
+[1276.000 --> 1294.000]  But both the execution noise and our theory are in close agreement with FITSLAW, and I'll describe how other features of movements are in agreement or not with the different theories for the speed accuracy trade-offs.
+[1295.000 --> 1305.000]  Here we see in our simulations that when the index of difficulty increases, remember with the index of difficulty increases when the size of the target becomes smaller.
+[1305.000 --> 1312.000]  When the index of difficulty increases, the movement duration becomes also more variable, right?
+[1312.000 --> 1317.000]  You have very small movement duration variability when the targets are large.
+[1317.000 --> 1324.000]  And we see that this also occurs in the experimental data reported in motor control studies.
+[1324.000 --> 1339.000]  Here I'm showing the result in Goldberg and all, where we see that we have a small movement duration variability at the beginning for small index of difficulty and for a large index of difficulty, you have a lot of movement duration variability.
+[1340.000 --> 1351.000]  So we were able to reproduce this feature of human movement, but this is not predicted by the execution noise for the speed accuracy trade-offs.
+[1356.000 --> 1364.000]  The second point which we are going to look at in more detail is how people improve with practice.
+[1365.000 --> 1374.000]  So while you're reaching to a smaller target, you go slower at the beginning, but with a lot of practice, you're able to move faster even to a small target.
+[1374.000 --> 1380.000]  And how can you explain this shift in performance that happens with practice?
+[1380.000 --> 1389.000]  If you assume that the execution noise theory is correct, the main assumption is that there's an improvement in the signal to noise ratio.
+[1389.000 --> 1404.000]  And it has been hypothesized that there's an expanded neural representation or there's the fine tuning of individual neurons that allows the motor system to use high muscle excitations, but with a low amount of noise with practice.
+[1405.000 --> 1410.000]  However, experiments with rodents has failed to show this relationship.
+[1410.000 --> 1415.000]  And so if this actually occurs, the actual mechanism is not yet understood.
+[1419.000 --> 1424.000]  Here I'll describe our theory in more details.
+[1424.000 --> 1437.000]  We assume that we rely on the fact that a lot of the movement variability or the behavior variability that we see, even in highly practiced tasks, comes from motor planning variability.
+[1437.000 --> 1450.000]  And this comes from the results of Churchland and all and our own experimental data that I'll describe later on also supports this results.
+[1450.000 --> 1458.000]  So when you're reaching to a large target as illustrated here on the right, you have many possible handpads.
+[1458.000 --> 1465.000]  Here on the left, you have a cartoon picture of the optimization landscape.
+[1465.000 --> 1471.000]  So these are possible motor plans that produces fast reaches.
+[1471.000 --> 1483.000]  When you're reaching to a large target, you have these motor plans that are vastly different from each other, but that all produce very fast reaches.
+[1483.000 --> 1492.000]  When you're reaching to a small target, many of these motor plans that produce fast reaches are no longer accessible.
+[1492.000 --> 1495.000]  And now you have the smaller space.
+[1495.000 --> 1500.000]  You can still reach in the smaller space to a fast.
+[1500.000 --> 1512.000]  You can still reach very quickly to the target, but if you don't find that specific patterns, you're more likely to find a different pattern, which is slower to reach to that target.
+[1512.000 --> 1519.000]  That's why on average, when you're reaching to a smaller target, you tend to be slower.
+[1519.000 --> 1525.000]  And this explains how people improve with practice when reaching to a small target.
+[1525.000 --> 1535.000]  At the beginning, you find some solution that reaches to that target, but with a lot of practice, you converge to a different solution to exploration and caching of the different solution.
+[1535.000 --> 1546.000]  We don't have to rely on an improvement on the signal to noise ratio to explain that improvement that occurs with practice.
+[1546.000 --> 1556.000]  So our result doesn't have the conceptual difficulty that the execution noise theory has with skill acquisition.
+[1556.000 --> 1567.000]  Now, I'll describe an experiment that we perform to corroborate our theory that motor planning variability has a contribution to the speed accuracy trade-offs.
+[1567.000 --> 1577.000]  So we collaborated with Sora V.Has and Krishna Shonon that N.D. performed experiments in the following slides.
+[1577.000 --> 1586.000]  So our hypothesis was that we should see a significant difference in motor planning variability when reaching a large and a small target.
+[1586.000 --> 1600.000]  Furthermore, we hypothesized that motor planning variability should correlate with the duration of the variation, and this should increase when the size of the target decreases.
+[1600.000 --> 1609.000]  So we performed neural recordings on monkeys when they performed reaches to a large and a small target.
+[1609.000 --> 1616.000]  The monkey saw the target on a screen, but he couldn't move until until a go-kueue happened.
+[1616.000 --> 1624.000]  And this allowed us to study the neural activity when the target appeared, but that but where no movement occurred.
+[1624.000 --> 1634.000]  And so this was the neural activity during motor plan. And we recorded in motor and pre-motor areas in the brain.
+[1634.000 --> 1642.000]  And what we found was when we performed reaches to smaller targets, movement planning variability decreases.
+[1642.000 --> 1657.000]  And this goes against the execution noise theory for the speed accuracy trade-offs, because if the speed accuracy trade-off was only a result of execution noise, why would you see such a significant difference in motor planning variability?
+[1657.000 --> 1663.000]  Furthermore, we found that movement duration variability increases, and this could be counter-intuitive.
+[1663.000 --> 1672.000]  You would expect that when movement planning variability decreases, movement duration also decreases, but that's not what we're seeing.
+[1672.000 --> 1678.000]  We see the inverse relationship. And this is consistent with our cartoon picture of what's happening.
+[1678.000 --> 1688.000]  When you're reaching to a large target, so all the blue areas, you have a large planning area, and you have access to these very fast reaches.
+[1688.000 --> 1698.000]  When you're reaching to a small target, your planning variability goes on, but your movement duration variability goes on.
+[1698.000 --> 1713.000]  Lastly, we found that when you're reaching to a smaller target, the movement duration variability that's correlated with planning variability increases when you're reaching to that smaller target.
+[1713.000 --> 1725.000]  What this means is that most of the variability that you see when you're reaching to a small target happens due to planning variability and not execution variability.
+[1725.000 --> 1735.000]  Here we see an example of Fisla, and we know that movement duration variability increases when you're reaching to a smaller target.
+[1735.000 --> 1743.000]  What this shows is that most of the variability that you see in the movement duration variability is attributed to planning variability.
+[1743.000 --> 1750.000]  What this implies is that planning has an impact on the slope of Fisla.
+[1750.000 --> 1758.000]  Motor planning has a contribution to the speed accuracy trade-offs.
+[1759.000 --> 1765.000]  And again, execution noise alone is not consistent with the neural recordings.
+[1765.000 --> 1774.000]  We don't claim that only motor planning variability explains the speed accuracy trade-offs, and we don't believe that it's only about execution noise.
+[1774.000 --> 1778.000]  We believe that most likely it's a combination of both methods.
+[1778.000 --> 1797.000]  In the future of work, it would be very important to understand what's the contribution of execution noise and what's the contribution of motor planning variability to that give rise to the speed accuracy trade-offs that we see in human movement.
+[1797.000 --> 1813.000]  So here I just gave an example of how computational models can be used to test a widely held theory and motor control and even propose a new theory on a fundamental aspect of goal-directed movements.
+[1814.000 --> 1831.000]  Now I'll describe how a computational model can be used to investigate a potential mechanism employed by the central nervous system to simplify the production of movement and it's known as the muscle synergies hypothesis.
+[1832.000 --> 1847.000]  I'll briefly discuss the motivation and I'll describe how we implement synergies in our computational model and I'll briefly describe a set of experiments that we performed and the computational implications of these experiments.
+[1847.000 --> 1856.000]  So every movement that we make requires the control of a very large number of variables or motor units.
+[1856.000 --> 1873.000]  It has been hypothesized that the central nervous system could simplify control by using muscle synergies because it's not clear how each of these muscles have to be controlled in this high dimensional space.
+[1873.000 --> 1885.000]  So a muscle synergy is a group of muscles that have a fixed ratio of excitations. So here's an example of different muscles and this is an example of a single synergy.
+[1885.000 --> 1899.000]  There's evidence that synergies are encoded in the spinal circuitry but other authors suggest that synergies actually don't exist that there's simply a byproduct of task and performance constraints.
+[1899.000 --> 1910.000]  And a question that has been posed in numerous publications is can synergies produce rich and flexible flexible behaviors that are seen in our everyday movements.
+[1910.000 --> 1924.000]  And so to address this question we implement muscle synergies in our biomechanical model and we look at whether they introduce performance and efficiency, whether they generalize to new tasks and whether they facilitate learning new movements.
+[1924.000 --> 1937.000]  And I won't have time to discuss one in three in too many details but you can ask me any questions about them. So I'll mostly focus on the generalization part in the stock.
+[1937.000 --> 1952.000]  So I'll first describe how we compute the muscle synergies. So we solve an optimal control problem to run to 10 random targets on a plane, always standing starting from the same initial position and we control each muscle independent.
+[1952.000 --> 1960.000]  Given all these muscle excitation we start them and we then we perform the dimensionality reduction with principal component analysis or PC.
+[1960.000 --> 1969.000]  So this gives us a set of synergies and we keep these synergies fixed and then we're going to solve the optimal control problem again but with these synergies.
+[1969.000 --> 1981.000]  And now we're not controlling each muscle excitation independently. We're going to only control the coefficients of a few number of synergies and if you have a case or number of synergies and the number of synergies is smaller than the number of synergies.
+[1981.000 --> 1992.000]  So this could simplify the production of movement. So most of the evidence for the synergies hypothesis has been indirect.
+[1992.000 --> 2001.000]  We showed that measured muscle activity from electoral myography or MG can be reconstructed accurate to by a linear combination of a small number of synergies.
+[2001.000 --> 2010.000]  But a question that has been posed by numerous authors is can the reconstructed EMG activity actually explain task achievement.
+[2010.000 --> 2018.000]  And the reason is that small errors in muscle space can cause large unacceptable errors in task space.
+[2018.000 --> 2025.000]  Your hand could be very far away from your target for example, even with small errors in muscle space.
+[2025.000 --> 2034.000]  Furthermore, muscles that are not recorded in MG can also play a critical role in the production of movement.
+[2034.000 --> 2051.000]  And so I'm not describing the results into much result. The conclusion of our experiments is that when you're reaching target in a square plane with silence of 65 centimeters, you have errors in task space on the order of one centimeter.
+[2051.000 --> 2059.000]  So it's not the large task space performance deficits that we get when we use synergies.
+[2059.000 --> 2070.000]  Now we're going to test whether synergies generalized to new tasks. So synergies were computed when you're reaching on a plane starting from this initial position.
+[2070.000 --> 2075.000]  But now we're going to change the height of the plane. We're going to make it higher. We're going to make it lower.
+[2075.000 --> 2084.000]  We're going to have the arm raised as an initial position or the shoulder flex, the shoulder abducted or the elbow flex.
+[2084.000 --> 2096.000]  And we also have other experiments described in paper. And we're going to compare how these new tasks perform on the cost function.
+[2096.000 --> 2112.000]  And we see that the cost function we're putting it on the y-axis here. And we see that with 11 synergies, you're already performing, you already have the same performance as when you're controlling each muscle independently.
+[2112.000 --> 2124.000]  The same is true when your elbow flex, when your shoulder flex, when your shoulders abducted with 8 and 11 sort of synergies, you have the same performance as when you're controlling each muscle independent.
+[2124.000 --> 2131.000]  When the arm is raised, you do have a degradation of performance until you've reached 17 synergies.
+[2131.000 --> 2141.000]  And the reason is when the arm is raised, your initial position is very different from the initial position where the synergies were computed.
+[2142.000 --> 2149.000]  So our work shows that synergies can produce rich and flexible behaviors, and they allow learning new movements faster.
+[2149.000 --> 2157.000]  And in the paper, we show that you can learn a new movement up to 20 times faster with synergies without having a significant performance degradation.
+[2157.000 --> 2166.000]  And maybe that's why some movements are so easy for humans, even children to learn, while other movements requires like a ton of practice.
+[2166.000 --> 2175.000]  Maybe in some movements you need to learn to coordinate muscles independently outside the space of your synergies.
+[2175.000 --> 2182.000]  We do not prove that synergies exist. We only quantify their potential benefits.
+[2182.000 --> 2189.000]  We performed our simulations with principal component analysis to compute the synergies.
+[2190.000 --> 2197.000]  But we also, in our paper, have the analysis performed with non-negative matrix factorization.
+[2197.000 --> 2209.000]  And the reason is we weren't interested in the physiological implementation of synergies, which is unknown, but only on the computational implications of motor modularity.
+[2209.000 --> 2220.000]  So in future work, understanding whether synergies actually exist and how they're implemented in the motor system are outstanding questions in the area.
+[2223.000 --> 2226.000]  So in this talk, we're having a conclusion.
+[2226.000 --> 2236.000]  We've shown how computational models can be used to go against a well-deheld theory on what accounts for the speed accuracy trade-off in human movement.
+[2236.000 --> 2243.000]  And even to propose a new theory on what accounts for features of human movement.
+[2243.000 --> 2252.000]  So a computational model can yield new insight, new hypotheses, which we experimentally verified.
+[2252.000 --> 2261.000]  And in the second part of this talk, we've taken a hypothesis that arose from experiments, from experiments.
+[2261.000 --> 2268.000]  And we tested the plausibility of this hypothesis through our computational experiments.
+[2268.000 --> 2274.000]  And so this interplay between modeling and experimentation.
+[2274.000 --> 2281.000]  And they interplay between using computational models to understand basic science questions of how the brain controls movement.
+[2281.000 --> 2287.000]  And eventually in future work to use these models to help patients with movement disorders, for example, after stroke.
+[2287.000 --> 2294.000]  The interplay between basic science and applied science makes this a very exciting area for me.
+[2294.000 --> 2304.000]  You can find the manuscripts of these works at the following links and the source code and our data with these links.
+[2304.000 --> 2310.000]  I'd like to thank my co-authors on these papers.
+[2310.000 --> 2315.000]  And I'd like to thank the people that helped me prepare for this presentation.
+[2316.000 --> 2322.000]  And thank you so much for attending this webinar. And I'll take your questions.
+[2322.000 --> 2325.000]  All right. Thanks, Mausen. For a great webinar, this is Jen Hicks.
+[2325.000 --> 2332.000]  And I'll join you now to moderate some questions at the end. I think there's a few more slides. Mausen.
+[2332.000 --> 2337.000]  So we definitely want to take any questions that you guys have in the audience.
+[2337.000 --> 2342.000]  You can do this by finding the Q&A panel.
+[2342.000 --> 2348.000]  And entering your question there, make sure you choose to ask all panelists.
+[2348.000 --> 2357.000]  And with that, we'll go ahead and open it up to questions about either of the studies.
+[2357.000 --> 2366.000]  One other thing to point out, so I don't forget, we'll follow up with an email that has a link that has links to all of the resources that Mausen mentioned on one of his last.
+[2366.000 --> 2371.000]  So if you didn't write all of those down, don't worry about it.
+[2371.000 --> 2377.000]  Okay. So while we're waiting for questions from, oh, here we go.
+[2377.000 --> 2382.000]  We have some questions now.
+[2382.000 --> 2387.000]  So this is a question from.
+[2387.000 --> 2390.000]  Carthic, Ganesa.
+[2390.000 --> 2392.000]  Okay.
+[2392.000 --> 2395.000]  I'll go ahead and start with a little closer to make sure you guys can hear me too.
+[2395.000 --> 2403.000]  Okay. So why did you choose CMA? Yes, compared to SQP or interior point methods.
+[2403.000 --> 2409.000]  And then a second question is why use a shooting method over collocation?
+[2409.000 --> 2413.000]  Yeah. Thank you for a question.
+[2413.000 --> 2421.000]  CMA has been able to scale to very high dimensional problems as opposed to teacher directorial optimization, like SQP or I.
+[2421.000 --> 2437.000]  It hasn't really, they haven't really been able to scale to high dimensional problems, but they might be able, like in future work, it might be possible that other optimization methods would be equally valid.
+[2437.000 --> 2446.000]  For the shooting method, you can have equally used like a direct collocation method if you preferred.
+[2446.000 --> 2455.000]  What's critical in our first study is that variability in motor planning accounts for the speed accuracy trade off.
+[2455.000 --> 2462.000]  So if you typically when you're using a direct collocation method, you usually have a deterministic optimizer.
+[2462.000 --> 2473.000]  And so if you wanted to use a direct collocation method, you would have to somehow modify it, modify it to include stochasticity in the optimizer.
+[2473.000 --> 2476.000]  That makes sense. Thanks, Mauson.
+[2476.000 --> 2483.000]  Now a question from Adam Charles, he says insightful presentation, Mauson.
+[2483.000 --> 2488.000]  In your experiments, you highlight that your model agrees with fits law.
+[2488.000 --> 2500.000]  But I was wondering how your model would behave when you introduce a risk and reward paradigm, for example, higher rewards for smaller targets.
+[2500.000 --> 2507.000]  So I haven't really put any thought about this.
+[2507.000 --> 2510.000]  So we have equal rewards.
+[2510.000 --> 2520.000]  I would have to study this question more to give a good answer to this question.
+[2520.000 --> 2524.000]  Yeah, I would, I don't have anything in thousands of things.
+[2524.000 --> 2528.000]  Okay, okay, no worries.
+[2528.000 --> 2532.000]  So now a question from Fredel de Groot.
+[2532.000 --> 2534.000]  So she says, thank you for a great talk.
+[2534.000 --> 2537.000]  You mentioned that synergies allow for faster learning.
+[2537.000 --> 2542.000]  It was not clear to me how you came to this conclusion based on your model to elaborate.
+[2542.000 --> 2544.000]  Yes, yeah, for sure.
+[2544.000 --> 2549.000]  So what we did was we had.
+[2549.000 --> 2563.000]  We have our trajectory optimization method, which is closely related to reinforcement learning and reinforcement learning is related to current models of how humans learn.
+[2563.000 --> 2578.000]  So we compared when an optimization minimum is reached with this optimization when you're performing the optimization with a smaller set with synergies and when you're controlling each muscle independent.
+[2578.000 --> 2589.000]  And we looked how quickly you've achieved that performance when you have synergies and when you have when you're controlling each muscle independently.
+[2589.000 --> 2595.000]  And that's how we show that muscle synergies allow to learn faster.
+[2595.000 --> 2614.000]  Now this goes against hypothesis in the literature that says that having a large set of actions based having access to each of these each one of these muscles allows you to learn faster because it provides an abundance of ways of producing a movement.
+[2614.000 --> 2619.000]  Now we've shown it for our trajectory optimization method.
+[2619.000 --> 2631.000]  It's possible that there exists another optimization method possibly used by the arm water system that actually doesn't have this difference.
+[2631.000 --> 2639.000]  And if the challenge here is if that optimization method exists, we have to discover it. Right. We don't know.
+[2639.000 --> 2651.000]  So we haven't disproved that the idea that there may be another optimization method where synergies actually don't help performance, right. But we don't know what that optimization method is.
+[2651.000 --> 2657.000]  And it seems to be very different than our current reinforcement learning models.
+[2657.000 --> 2665.000]  Okay, thanks, Maus, and that makes sense. And another question came in from Carthie.
+[2665.000 --> 2680.000]  Who I can't see the last name, but saying you've correlated optimization time to older still acquisition rate is that justified. And I think your response just now address that question as well.
+[2680.000 --> 2688.000]  So I think that you know, we can't say for sure that they're correlated, but we have good indication that they do.
+[2688.000 --> 2694.000]  Okay, so let's look at some other questions here.
+[2694.000 --> 2709.000]  So from Simon, it's their second question on modularity. Have you tested creating synergies, including the lifted limb position with the question.
+[2709.000 --> 2718.000]  Whether you have a sub optimal basis and simulation based on the limited workspace.
+[2718.000 --> 2729.000]  We haven't tested this. Our synergies were computed from solving the optimal control problem to like when you're controlling muscles independently.
+[2729.000 --> 2738.000]  That's where we've computed this energy. So we haven't looked at having some optimal synergies in certain conditions.
+[2738.000 --> 2743.000]  And then his first question, which I was able to scroll up to now.
+[2743.000 --> 2759.000]  So in relation to the modularity component, did you find a difference in the PCA and an MFB, the compositions in relation to the number of synergies needed given the relaxation of the orthogonality constraint.
+[2759.000 --> 2761.000]  Yes, we did actually.
+[2761.000 --> 2772.000]  We found that the non-negative matrix factor is it could perform the didn't have a didn't yield task performance deficits for the same task that you were performing.
+[2772.000 --> 2787.000]  But when you explored how to synergies generalize the principal component analysis synergies, synergized better in these cases. And this is due to the relaxation of the non-authority constraint.
+[2787.000 --> 2795.000]  Okay, thanks, Mausen. So we have time for a couple more questions here. Thanks for all the great questions so far.
+[2795.000 --> 2808.000]  Now question from Mohammed Shorjay in your synergy work, you seem to keep the synergy weights unchanged. How realistic is that if you're dealing with new tasks or if you're performing rehab for a patient?
+[2808.000 --> 2825.000]  Yeah, so the synergy coefficient vary the synergy ratios are fixed. So I'm not sure which whichever to and the synergy weights W's.
+[2825.000 --> 2837.000]  Yeah, so the W's would vary, for example, for a patient for that has undergone a stroke, for example, yes.
+[2837.000 --> 2844.000]  Now we were interested like for normal voluntary normal healthy movements in this work.
+[2844.000 --> 2873.000]  For a patient with movement disorders, when solving the optimal control problem, if you could somehow solve it for how a patient with that disorder would solve this problem, then we would get accurate, more accurate synergies or otherwise you could measure these synergies from actual actual patients and implement them in our model and then solve the optimal control problem with these synergies from that patient population.
+[2873.000 --> 2896.000]  Yes, I think one follow up to that. So I'm interpreting a little bit since we just have that we can't go back and forth since we're just doing by text, but I think the question may also be about just the fact that is it realistic that synergies are fixed and you can change the weightings within a synergy a little bit for different tasks.
+[2896.000 --> 2908.000]  And so you might also mention the hybrid controller and the results there because that having a hybrid control would allow you to be a little more flexible.
+[2908.000 --> 2920.000]  Yeah, yeah. So we also have in our in our paper, we have a different architecture where the central nervous system has synergies, but also has access to each muscle independently.
+[2920.000 --> 2941.000]  And so this allows you to generalize better from your task, right? So you're not constrained in your synergy space and it allows you to learn new movements faster, right? And even if you have more variables than the number of muscles, because you're exploring in the synergy space when you're performing your movement, you're exploring in the synergy space firsthand.
+[2941.000 --> 2955.000]  First hand, and only at the secondary step you start exploring the control of muscles independently. So this allows you to learn any movement fast and generalize well in new tasks outside your synergy space.
+[2955.000 --> 2967.000]  Thanks, Mausen. We'll take one or two more questions here. Now there's one from Stuart McEarly, Naylor. Your introduction mentions tennis players.
+[2967.000 --> 2979.000]  What implications might your speed accuracy trade-off study have for athletes wishing to train or improve on speed and accuracy?
+[2979.000 --> 2996.000]  Well, I don't have any suggestions for athletes. So it would indicate that when you're practicing a movement, you have to practice the planning of movements as well. But how this occurs, I think it's just very is not yet understood.
+[2996.000 --> 3011.000]  So how do you practice initializing the initial conditions in neural network that you need obviously you need some actual practice and not just like mental imagery.
+[3011.000 --> 3021.000]  So I think it's too early to venture like I guess on the implications of this work on actual athletes.
+[3021.000 --> 3035.000]  Okay, fair enough. Thanks, Mausen. So I think those are all the questions. Oh, here's one more question. So this will take this last question and then go ahead and wrap up. This is from Fredal to Groot.
+[3035.000 --> 3041.000]  How is the number of synergies you need related to the number of degrees of freedom in your model?
+[3041.000 --> 3057.000]  Yeah, so the number of degrees of freedom in our model was five and we found that we needed eight to 11 synergies to achieve a good task performance on a variety of tasks.
+[3058.000 --> 3076.000]  Obviously, you can have more. You have to have more synergies than the number of degrees of freedom because the synergies are not completely orthogonal. So you're not it's not like you're you're have a torque driven model where you would need only five degrees of freedom to drive your mom.
+[3077.000 --> 3099.000]  Thanks, Mausen. And thank you to everyone for all the questions. Thank you, Mausen for really interesting and super clear talk just a couple slides to wrap up. I want to acknowledge the funding sources that support open sim and the webinar series, including grants from the National Institutes of Health in the US.
+[3099.000 --> 3114.000]  You can learn more about open sim on our website and we also encourage you to fill out the survey that will appear after the webinar ends. We'd love your feedback on how to improve the webinar series and also hear ideas for future webinar topics.
+[3115.000 --> 3119.000]  And with that, thank you everyone again and we hope to see you at another webinar soon.

transcript/webinar_i_qOPUzCnTM.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,501 @@
+[0.000 --> 8.480]  Welcome everyone. I'm extremely happy to be here today and present to you this
+[8.480 --> 14.720]  lecture on the science and civil science of non-verbal communication as mentioned
+[14.720 --> 19.800]  just a few seconds ago. My name is Vincent Donnell. I'm Paus O'Croel fellow at the
+[19.800 --> 23.440]  Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology at McGill University and
+[23.440 --> 29.560]  this subject is a subject that I've been working on for quite a few years now and
+[29.560 --> 35.320]  and the presentation will go as follow. So you have just in front of you the
+[35.320 --> 39.760]  lecture plan. So we'll address what the peer review process is then we'll
+[39.760 --> 44.280]  address the question of experiential knowledge versus scientific knowledge and
+[44.280 --> 49.040]  then what is really non-verbal communication, the science of non-verbal
+[49.040 --> 54.240]  communication, the issue of unfounded and discreeted claims and we'll set the
+[54.240 --> 59.360]  record straight about some of those unfounded and discreeted claims. What
+[59.360 --> 63.720]  should be remembered about non-verbal communication and then we'll jump to the
+[63.720 --> 69.480]  pseudo science of non-verbal communication and why do some organizations turn
+[69.480 --> 75.840]  to pseudo science. We will conclude this presentation this lecture on the issue
+[75.840 --> 80.120]  of how to obtain the truth which is one of the reasons why many of you might be
+[80.120 --> 84.400]  interested in non-verbal communication and then we'll conclude and see what's
+[84.400 --> 90.320]  what's next. So there will be a second lecture on December 8 so if you feel if
+[90.320 --> 97.080]  you like this lecture I invite you to join us again on December 8. So first
+[97.080 --> 102.640]  thing first it is extremely important to understand what the peer review
+[102.640 --> 107.800]  process is because if we don't understand what the peer review process is and
+[107.800 --> 111.720]  you like non-verbal communication then after this presentation you will
+[111.720 --> 117.160]  probably go on Google and you will type in body language and non-verbal
+[117.160 --> 122.000]  communication and then you will find very incredible claims about non-verbal
+[122.000 --> 128.920]  communication body language and you will not really be able to decide what to
+[128.920 --> 132.400]  make of those claims if you don't really understand what the peer review
+[132.400 --> 137.440]  publication is which is at the foundation of the scientific knowledge, the
+[137.440 --> 142.280]  development of scientific knowledge. So for those of you who don't know when a
+[142.280 --> 146.440]  researcher do a research the researcher will write a manuscript the
+[146.440 --> 151.320]  manuscript can last around 30 pages that's just an example and in this
+[151.320 --> 156.640]  manuscript let's say that almost 20 pages of those 30 pages will explain the
+[156.640 --> 162.160]  process that comes before the conclusion so therefore anyone reading the
+[162.160 --> 168.540]  manuscript will be able to evaluate the claims in full knowledge of the fact
+[168.540 --> 175.100]  why is that because the process that comes before the conclusion is available. So
+[175.100 --> 181.220]  once you have this manuscript then as a researcher you will submit it to a
+[181.220 --> 187.700]  journal to a scientific there are thousands of scientific journals there are
+[187.700 --> 191.460]  good journals and there are other journals that might be questionable but that's
+[191.460 --> 197.560]  an understory so you submit it to a journal your manuscript and then this
+[197.560 --> 202.260]  manuscript is there's a first evaluation so to speak by the editor of the
+[202.260 --> 207.500]  journal who will determine for example if it is a good fit for the journal if
+[207.500 --> 216.060]  for example you submit an article about art to a journal about I don't know
+[216.060 --> 224.180]  social psychology and there is absolutely no link between the topic of the
+[224.180 --> 229.020]  article and the topic of the journal then the editor might say well this might
+[229.020 --> 235.140]  not be a good fit if the editor makes this first assessment and determine
+[235.140 --> 239.400]  well it's a good fit there's no for example if the editor look at your
+[239.400 --> 244.540]  manuscript and there's really big big big big big mistakes or there's like
+[244.540 --> 251.820]  very the writing is very bad then you might still not send your manuscript to
+[251.820 --> 258.060]  the evaluations but if it passes the editor's test so to speak your manuscript
+[258.060 --> 262.780]  will be sent to reviewers and the reviewers will look at your manuscript and
+[262.780 --> 268.240]  evaluate the claims in a very critical manner and the reason why they can do
+[268.240 --> 274.060]  that it is because the process that comes before the conclusion is available
+[274.060 --> 279.620]  so the reviewers often will be blind what it means is that they will not know
+[279.620 --> 285.020]  who wrote the scientific paper the manuscript sorry and some if it's double
+[285.020 --> 290.020]  blind now you don't know who the evaluators are the reviewers are and they
+[290.020 --> 294.700]  don't know who wrote the paper and then the reviewers will review your
+[294.700 --> 300.660]  manuscript and then they will make a critical assessment of what you did with
+[300.660 --> 307.540]  that critical assessment what the reviewers will do is then send back the
+[307.540 --> 312.420]  manuscript to the editor and the editor will make a decision if it is published
+[312.420 --> 316.980]  or not published there are other opportunities possibilities it can be
+[316.980 --> 322.140]  published with minor revision major revision it can be rejected or it can be
+[322.140 --> 326.240]  what is called revise and resummit so in other words there is potential with
+[326.240 --> 331.020]  your paper but there's a lot of things to work on so therefore you can it will
+[331.020 --> 335.020]  not publish be published right now but you can still submit it to this journal
+[335.020 --> 341.260]  again if you make a big big big revision of your paper ultimately and that's the
+[341.260 --> 347.820]  last point if your paper is ultimately published then your paper was peer
+[347.820 --> 352.860]  reviewed but that is just that is very important to understand that that's just
+[352.860 --> 358.300]  the start of the development of scientific knowledge because now once your
+[358.300 --> 365.460]  manuscript is published it is available to almost everyone in the world so the
+[365.460 --> 369.420]  international research community can now assess and criticize the results of
+[369.420 --> 375.220]  your paper in full knowledge of the fact and why is that because the process
+[375.220 --> 379.780]  that comes before the conclusion is accessible and that is really the main point
+[379.780 --> 387.140]  of peer review publication so sometimes there are papers that are published that
+[387.140 --> 394.220]  really the evaluation or the review was not done properly this happens but if
+[394.220 --> 399.700]  it is published now other researchers can respond to this paper or criticize
+[399.700 --> 405.580]  this paper and they can do it how and why because they have access to the
+[405.580 --> 411.260]  process that comes before the conclusion they can criticize in full knowledge of
+[411.260 --> 415.980]  the fact and this is extremely important in the development of scientific knowledge
+[415.980 --> 423.900]  so once you know what the scientific the peer review process is now let's look
+[424.860 --> 431.740]  at nonverbal communication and just before I go to nonverbal communication I
+[431.740 --> 437.700]  just want to say something and I find it very important today what I share with
+[437.700 --> 444.140]  you is based on peer review publication so I'm sharing with you scientific
+[444.140 --> 449.940]  knowledge but I'm not saying that experiential knowledge so the knowledge that
+[449.940 --> 455.780]  practitioners gain on the field is not important that's not what I'm saying I'm
+[455.780 --> 462.580]  just showing sharing with you scientific knowledge and here this image are what
+[462.580 --> 469.220]  we can assume to friends holding hands or a couple whatever I feel like scientific
+[469.220 --> 475.420]  knowledge and experiential knowledge can walk and in and to develop better
+[475.500 --> 481.060]  professional practices what is important is to understand the limits of each
+[481.060 --> 487.860]  type of knowledge and they both have limits so just as a reminder when I talk
+[487.860 --> 492.300]  about scientific knowledge I'm not saying that experiential knowledge is not
+[492.300 --> 502.740]  important not at all okay so what is nonverbal communication what is this
+[502.740 --> 512.900]  thing that we hear a lot about in the media or on the web well nonverbal
+[512.900 --> 520.380]  communication is usually defined as communication true means other than words
+[520.380 --> 526.860]  so what does it mean it means that facial expression for example or physical
+[526.860 --> 534.100]  characteristic or vocal characteristics gestures they transmit information they
+[534.100 --> 540.620]  create impressions on the RD today life or you have facial expression physical
+[540.620 --> 546.540]  characteristic vocal characteristic gestures gaze touch the environment what is
+[546.540 --> 554.100]  around you when you saw my image a few minutes ago because of the environment
+[554.100 --> 564.420]  that I'm in it created impressions with which regards to Vansana don't know you
+[564.420 --> 570.220]  might have said well it looks to authority or not or it looks professional or not
+[570.220 --> 578.220]  it looks like he's more expressive or or not but these are some impressions that
+[578.220 --> 582.620]  can be created when when you see the environment the same as when you see my
+[582.620 --> 589.500]  physical characteristic or facial characteristics because I have a beard or in my
+[589.500 --> 597.060]  areas short it created impressions and that's just the way it is other other
+[597.060 --> 600.540]  elements of nonverbal communication those communication true touch or
+[600.540 --> 606.540]  environment or proxemics the distance when you when you speak to someone for
+[606.540 --> 613.940]  example this create impression this transmits information and this is all
+[613.940 --> 618.100]  part of nonverbal communication the same with chronomics it refers to the
+[618.100 --> 623.580]  study of time if you arrive early or late at a meeting it creates impressions
+[623.580 --> 627.980]  not necessarily the impression you want to create but it does change the
+[627.980 --> 634.140]  interaction scene so this is what none and there are other examples but these are
+[634.140 --> 641.220]  some of the examples that were on a daily basis those elements they transmit
+[641.220 --> 646.780]  information and they create impressions and the influence are day-to-day
+[646.780 --> 651.980]  interaction or face-to-face interaction but also other interaction for for
+[651.980 --> 660.420]  example metiated through computers and these elements of nonverbal
+[660.420 --> 666.460]  communication what is important to understand is that they are studied by a
+[666.460 --> 672.380]  whole community of researcher around the world a few years ago a colleague and
+[672.380 --> 677.580]  I we published this paper that you see on the screen it was about the most
+[677.580 --> 686.140]  cited papers on visible nonverbal behavior and to understand the most
+[686.140 --> 692.500]  cited papers we had to look at a variety of other papers we had to look at we
+[692.500 --> 697.900]  had to create a corpus of papers to understand and find out what the most
+[697.900 --> 709.180]  cited cited papers were so to create that corpus what we what what it has shown so
+[709.180 --> 715.020]  we saw the most cited but if we look back well the research on nonverbal
+[715.020 --> 719.320]  communication it's really it's really done by a worldwide community of
+[719.320 --> 724.260]  researcher that's extremely important to remember and researchers come from
+[724.260 --> 730.140]  various disciplines psychology communication neuroscience psychiatry biology
+[730.140 --> 736.020]  etology computer science more and more with the development of new
+[736.020 --> 740.700]  technologies so really nonverbal communication is not a subject that is
+[740.700 --> 749.020]  studied by only a small area of research I could add anthropology sociology so
+[749.020 --> 756.420]  you can what I tell my students is that if you want to learn more about nonverbal
+[756.420 --> 761.940]  communication you can understand more about nonverbal communication and and
+[761.940 --> 767.140]  study it from a various perspective and really if you change disciplines really
+[767.140 --> 771.420]  the lens through which you will look at this issue issue of nonverbal communication
+[771.420 --> 775.700]  and they are thousands of peer review publication most of them are in
+[775.700 --> 782.780]  English and and the issues that are addressed in those papers are I mean there's
+[782.780 --> 787.660]  a plethora of issues culture the impact of cultural nonverbal communication
+[787.660 --> 792.300]  pain autism emotional recognition dominance empathy children mental
+[792.300 --> 800.020]  mimicry interpersonal sensitivity tensile judgment and so on and so forth so
+[800.020 --> 805.860]  these are elements where nonverbal communication plays a role and this is
+[805.860 --> 812.460]  studied by the worldwide community of researcher and what is very what is
+[812.460 --> 818.820]  very interesting to to to to know is that although deception detection and light
+[818.820 --> 824.660]  detection is the subject that is the most popular around from with the public
+[824.660 --> 831.820]  this area of research is really small is really a fraction of the peer review
+[831.820 --> 835.420]  publications on nonverbal communication it's still what is popular among the
+[835.420 --> 840.220]  public and when you discuss with people that are outside of the research
+[840.220 --> 844.740]  environment and you tell them well and we'll go to that in a moment but tell them
+[844.740 --> 851.460]  that well nonverbal communication is really not what you think it is when
+[851.460 --> 858.780]  it's presented in television series as a way to detect liars in a glance well
+[858.780 --> 863.860]  what is presented on television is really not based on facts and science and
+[863.860 --> 868.820]  then you tell that to the public and they say well if it's not useful to detect
+[868.820 --> 874.460]  lies then what's the use of nonverbal communication and that kind is is a good
+[874.460 --> 879.540]  illustration of how much the attention of the public is focused on light
+[879.540 --> 884.940]  detection when in fact nonverbal communication play a huge role in our daily
+[884.940 --> 890.140]  life our daily interaction then most of it happens outside of of conscious
+[890.140 --> 894.340]  awareness so maybe that's the reason why people don't realize how much
+[894.340 --> 900.500]  nonverbal communication is important in their daily life so when you look at
+[900.500 --> 903.900]  nonverbal communication you see not only is it studied by the worldwide
+[903.900 --> 907.420]  community by a worldwide community of researcher but it's also published in
+[907.420 --> 912.940]  different journals of different disciplines different methodologies and really
+[912.940 --> 921.740]  it is a worldwide community of researchers so these are tables from the paper
+[921.740 --> 929.460]  that we published a few a few years ago and and and actually the research on
+[929.460 --> 934.500]  nonverbal communication and visible nonverbal behavior that was the focus of
+[934.500 --> 940.140]  this paper well it's really there is more and more research on the subject
+[940.140 --> 948.140]  which is which is a great thing actually and this this graph again from this
+[948.140 --> 954.540]  paper that we published a few years ago shows it quite explicitly so there's
+[954.540 --> 959.900]  the science of nonverbal communication so all this knowledge per review publish
+[959.900 --> 964.220]  accessible to criticism where the process that comes before the conclusion is
+[964.220 --> 968.260]  available to everyone this is the science of nonverbal communication and it
+[968.260 --> 975.180]  address a variety of subject and issues however there are a lot of claims that
+[975.180 --> 980.140]  are unfounded or discredited about nonverbal communication and those claims
+[980.300 --> 986.740]  I mean it's I mean in 2009 there was this television series named like to me and
+[986.740 --> 993.100]  and well there was quite arguably a lot of things that were presented in that
+[993.100 --> 1002.420]  series that were not really based on scientific evidence but unfounded and
+[1002.420 --> 1006.660]  discredited discredited claims about nonverbal communication it doesn't it
+[1006.660 --> 1013.020]  didn't start in 2009 okay so it started thousands of years ago here you have
+[1013.020 --> 1021.820]  on your screen you have a translation of religious texts that was
+[1021.820 --> 1030.180]  published almost 3000 years ago that's a translation from 1845 but the
+[1030.180 --> 1036.180]  or the source of that dates back almost 3000 years ago and in this
+[1036.180 --> 1045.300]  papyrus in this text there were instructions on how to discover if swamon wanted
+[1045.300 --> 1053.780]  to poison you so this is kind of one of the many examples ultra-thistery where
+[1053.780 --> 1063.380]  really behavior and observation was considered a way to find the truth and that's
+[1063.380 --> 1068.540]  just one example out of many others but ultra-thisteries there were ways to
+[1068.540 --> 1076.300]  detect the guilty people and to spot the innocent and a lot of those techniques
+[1076.300 --> 1081.580]  well they were based on the observation so they were not presented as
+[1081.580 --> 1088.060]  nonverbal communication techniques but what they invited people to do was
+[1088.060 --> 1095.700]  actually observe and look at behaviors and physical characteristics so the
+[1095.700 --> 1099.820]  unfounded and discredited claims about nonverbal communication it doesn't
+[1099.820 --> 1107.140]  start recently it's really a old tradition if you look at those unfounded
+[1107.140 --> 1112.580]  and discredited claims there are many of them that you can find all the web
+[1112.580 --> 1120.460]  okay claims such as the budding never lies the combinations of behavioral
+[1120.460 --> 1124.220]  clues a low light detection and face-to-face interaction with observation
+[1124.220 --> 1129.820]  normally nonverbal behavior accounts for 7% of communication tears are
+[1129.820 --> 1135.380]  reliable sign of remorse nonverbal behavior can be read like a book
+[1135.420 --> 1139.940]  terrorists can be detected by the nonverbal behavior alone people are good
+[1139.940 --> 1146.660]  at detecting lies by observation alone these are some of the unfounded
+[1146.660 --> 1152.260]  discredited claims that you can find on the web and in books but let me look at
+[1152.260 --> 1158.580]  some of them let me just look at you at some of them well first of all when
+[1158.580 --> 1164.780]  it comes to nonverbal behavior can be read like a book this this is not serious
+[1164.780 --> 1172.340]  actually I'll just quote Judith all in a paper published in 2019 and she could
+[1172.340 --> 1177.220]  not have said that I could not have said it better than she did there is no
+[1177.220 --> 1182.220]  dictionary on nonverbal human beings because contextual factors involving
+[1182.220 --> 1186.860]  encoders intention their other verbal and nonverbal behavior other people who
+[1186.860 --> 1192.940]  they are and their behavior and the setting will all affect meaning I mean what
+[1192.940 --> 1195.620]  else can I say
+[1196.660 --> 1203.220]  tears are reliable sign of remorse if you are there in a few weeks on the
+[1203.220 --> 1209.380]  presentation about stereotypes in the courtrooms this has huge consequences
+[1209.380 --> 1217.480]  such tears are reliable sign of remorse this is this is I would say this is
+[1217.480 --> 1224.200]  bullshit okay and you could say well my son you should not use this word in
+[1224.200 --> 1229.960]  the presentation well I'll use it and why by the way bullshit is a subject
+[1229.960 --> 1237.280]  that is studied scientifically just go on any search engine for scientific
+[1237.280 --> 1242.440]  papers and there are many researchers who work on on bullshit tears are not
+[1242.440 --> 1251.000]  reliable signs of remorse that's a fact and the belief of the opposite if judges
+[1251.000 --> 1256.800]  believe that tears are reliable signs of remorse this can be a cause of
+[1256.800 --> 1264.280]  concerns because remorse can play a huge role in the justice setting in
+[1264.280 --> 1269.640]  justice settings so the fact is that there is no evidence that facial expression
+[1269.640 --> 1274.240]  by the language or other physiological matter exists that can identify
+[1274.240 --> 1286.800]  feelings of remorse and just that's that's a fact and just just the author
+[1286.800 --> 1293.640]  Susan Bandai's mentioned it quite eloquently how do you distinguish in a
+[1293.640 --> 1301.040]  courtroom remorse from guilt from shame I mean but but the system sometimes is
+[1301.040 --> 1309.480]  based on the fact that judge can catch remorse these are questions that I
+[1309.480 --> 1317.160]  will address on December 8 so the fact is that fact is that tears are not
+[1317.160 --> 1322.040]  reliable signs of remorse and there's also ample evidence that evaluation of
+[1322.040 --> 1326.000]  remorse is heavily influenced by factors such race ethnicity mental
+[1326.000 --> 1332.840]  disability and age so you see the potential consequences or address that later
+[1332.840 --> 1336.720]  combinations of behavioral cues allow lie detection and face-to-face
+[1336.720 --> 1342.200]  interaction by observation only I will add all the research has shown that
+[1342.200 --> 1347.560]  deception cues are generally fighting unreliable and their use has been shown
+[1347.560 --> 1352.040]  not significantly improve lie detection accuracy and therefore the initial
+[1352.040 --> 1357.000]  warning to look for clusters change in configuration becomes trivial this
+[1357.000 --> 1365.800]  quote refers to the issue of body language trainings and in what you can
+[1365.800 --> 1371.320]  read on about body language trainings and when those trainings are given
+[1371.320 --> 1379.640]  sometimes the trainers and might say that well don't jump to conclusion look
+[1379.640 --> 1384.520]  for many cues so if you have more cues you have a better indication that
+[1384.520 --> 1389.880]  someone might be lying well this call for caution is worth nothing if the
+[1389.880 --> 1395.320]  cues that you look at are worth nothing and actually such a call for caution
+[1395.480 --> 1401.160]  well look for many cues this call for caution well it's worth nothing if
+[1401.160 --> 1407.240]  the cues you look at are worth nothing but it's worse than that is that if you
+[1407.240 --> 1413.080]  look at many cues you might be confident that you have found the lies but in
+[1413.080 --> 1418.920]  fact your judgment might not be better than chance but your confidence in your
+[1418.920 --> 1422.920]  judgment might be really high because well I was told to look at many cues
+[1422.920 --> 1429.480]  and I saw many cues so this gap between the accuracy and confidence is really a
+[1429.480 --> 1433.960]  huge problem imagine if a cop is really confident that you have
+[1433.960 --> 1438.040]  lied to them and that you are you have committed the crime but their judgment is
+[1438.040 --> 1443.240]  wrong where this where where could this lead
+[1443.240 --> 1447.720]  well researchers have addressed that in the past also so really it's it's not a
+[1447.720 --> 1451.800]  matter of combination of cues if the cues are worth nothing the
+[1451.800 --> 1455.240]  combinations is also worth nothing
+[1456.200 --> 1461.640]  well there's this this this idea that terrorists can be detected by the
+[1461.640 --> 1466.360]  integral behavior law and actually there was a program in the United
+[1466.360 --> 1472.600]  States and the spot program it was essentially based on this idea
+[1472.600 --> 1476.520]  well the fact is that current scientific knowledge on non-verbal communication
+[1476.520 --> 1481.080]  suggests that security and justice professional by the way should not rely on
+[1481.080 --> 1484.920]  the observation of behavioral indicators or combination or some of them
+[1484.920 --> 1489.160]  in face-to-face interaction to detect their artists
+[1489.160 --> 1492.200]  that's a fact
+[1494.520 --> 1501.800]  non-verbal behavior accounts for 7% of communication well that's just a wrong
+[1501.800 --> 1507.720]  interpretation or it's it's a misuse of real research that were published in
+[1508.120 --> 1514.920]  in the 60s they were published by a great researcher named Albert Merabian
+[1514.920 --> 1521.640]  excuse my French accent but Albert Merabian never said that it was
+[1521.640 --> 1527.080]  that 7% of communication was nonverbal the papers that he published in the 1960s
+[1527.080 --> 1531.480]  addressed very specific element of communication nonverbal communication it was a
+[1531.480 --> 1535.080]  word the tone of the voice and official expressions
+[1535.160 --> 1539.960]  and when the emotion communicated by the word was contradictory with the
+[1539.960 --> 1544.040]  emotion communicated by the tone of the voice or if the emotion was
+[1544.040 --> 1547.400]  communicated by the tone of the voice was contradictory
+[1547.400 --> 1552.360]  with emotion communicated by the official expression then the people who would
+[1552.360 --> 1557.400]  look at someone with determined their emotional state based first on their
+[1557.400 --> 1560.760]  face then the tone of the voice and then the words that's just a very simple
+[1560.840 --> 1566.520]  explanation of what was done in the 1960s it was not about nonverbal behavior in general it was
+[1566.520 --> 1571.640]  not about communication in general and those paper published in the 1960s they were subject to
+[1571.640 --> 1576.840]  criticism so not only were they subject to criticism but also they really were
+[1578.040 --> 1583.640]  misquoted since then and this is a quote actually from Albert Merabian
+[1584.600 --> 1594.360]  that was featured in a book about where this this this myth about the 7% myth
+[1596.200 --> 1602.040]  well actually I just realized that nonverbal behavior account for only 7% of communication actually
+[1602.040 --> 1610.520]  I just made a type of ear the belief is that nonverbal behavior accounts for 93% of communication
+[1610.520 --> 1618.360]  the words are only 7% but the explanation that I just will do is the same nonverbal behavior
+[1620.280 --> 1625.240]  Merabian did not say it was 90% of communication so I apologize for that type of
+[1627.560 --> 1634.280]  and finally there's this idea that the body will never lie and people are good at detecting lies
+[1634.360 --> 1641.800]  by observation alone well metanases have shown that nonverbal cues to the declines are largely
+[1641.800 --> 1647.400]  faint and unreliable and lie detection accuracy using common visual nonverbal cues rarely exceed
+[1647.400 --> 1657.400]  chance so I don't really know how else I can say it the idea that the body never lies implies that
+[1657.400 --> 1662.920]  there would be signs that are always telling the possibility that someone is lying these signs do not
+[1662.920 --> 1669.560]  exist so there are tendency yes layers of tendency in their nonverbal behavior but those
+[1669.560 --> 1680.840]  tendency are usually faint and not reliable so what what is is there to remember regarding nonverbal
+[1680.840 --> 1692.040]  communication well I invite you to remember that nonverbal communication and it includes more
+[1692.120 --> 1698.280]  than just a speaker's face it provides participant feedback to coordinate manage
+[1698.280 --> 1705.160]  in person exchanges on a moment by moment basis in the service of participant goal most of the
+[1705.160 --> 1711.240]  nonverbal communication the influence of nonverbal communication on a daily basis it occurs much
+[1711.240 --> 1719.160]  outside of conscious awareness and the truth is that nonverbal cues can also be misleading and it
+[1719.160 --> 1726.760]  can result in systematic biases and stereotypes so when this is not considered by people in position
+[1726.760 --> 1736.920]  of power it can result in harmful consequences and trials is one of those examples if a judge for
+[1736.920 --> 1747.240]  example is sure that tears are reliable sign of remorse well what happened if someone is really
+[1747.240 --> 1754.040]  remorseful but don't show tears or the opposite if someone is not remorseful and
+[1755.000 --> 1763.400]  is practice and she she practice or he or she practice and the tears appear well this can have
+[1763.400 --> 1770.200]  huge consequences okay we are talking about the life and liberty of people and in some countries
+[1771.160 --> 1778.920]  it is sometimes a matter of life or death where there's the death but not so the other things that I
+[1778.920 --> 1786.440]  and I don't address that because I only have one hour but also remember that culture plays a role
+[1786.440 --> 1796.360]  an important role in how we show nonverbal communication and how we assess it and there are cultural
+[1796.360 --> 1802.120]  differences and by cultural differences I don't when we think about culture is not the matter of
+[1802.120 --> 1811.160]  countries I mean there are cultures several cultures in a country and there's all several subcultures
+[1811.160 --> 1818.920]  cultures and even if I was raised in Quebec the culture where I was raised in can be very different
+[1818.920 --> 1830.040]  from the culture of my neighbor right here so these learnings that we gather over the course
+[1830.040 --> 1838.360]  of our life they influence the way we perceive others and the way we are perceived its influence
+[1838.360 --> 1846.520]  are daily life-to-life interaction so you have the science of now you have nonverbal communication
+[1846.520 --> 1853.720]  there's this issue nonverbal communication you have researchers studying it okay and you have also
+[1855.000 --> 1859.400]  unfounded and discreeted claims about nonverbal communication that's one thing but sometimes
+[1860.280 --> 1867.800]  those unfounded and discreeted discreetated claims are presented as if they were scientific
+[1868.760 --> 1877.480]  and this is where unfounded and discreetated claims becomes more of pseudo scientific claims because
+[1877.480 --> 1886.360]  they are these are claims that are just wrong but they are presented as scientific as a result of
+[1886.360 --> 1893.160]  scientific research so if if I what is first well what is pseudo science more generally they are
+[1893.160 --> 1898.840]  disciplines that possess the superficial appearance of science but lack its substance so more
+[1898.840 --> 1906.840]  informally pseudo science are impostors of science they do not play by the rules of science and even
+[1906.840 --> 1914.040]  though they may make some of its outward features so as a consequence is the pseudo science well they
+[1914.040 --> 1918.840]  can easily mislead untrained observers into concluding that they possess scientific merit
+[1919.800 --> 1927.240]  so this is what pseudo sciences and you have many if you if you just browse through the
+[1927.240 --> 1933.560]  through through through internet you will find many pseudo scientific techniques about nonverbal
+[1933.560 --> 1939.320]  communication and what they are they are bodies that they are bodies of unfounded and discreetated
+[1939.320 --> 1946.200]  claims they are presented as they presented explicitly or implicitly that's very important as
+[1946.200 --> 1953.480]  I think scientific value so those techniques will tell you that you can read people's mind
+[1953.480 --> 1960.280]  essentially well sometimes they will not sit up but it will imply that okay so that you can see
+[1960.280 --> 1965.640]  what people are thinking what people are feeling and you can see that based on different behavior
+[1965.640 --> 1972.200]  that you can analyze almost like a book like a words in the dictionary and those techniques what
+[1972.200 --> 1978.200]  is funny is that some of those characteristics are very typical of those pseudo scientific techniques
+[1978.200 --> 1982.920]  so those techniques of course they will say that they are based on research but well and they
+[1982.920 --> 1990.680]  will name drops some researchers and how to sell those techniques one of one of the way to sell
+[1990.680 --> 1996.120]  those techniques is to say that they well they are used by for example other practitioners for many
+[1996.120 --> 2002.680]  years they are used by the FBI by the CIA they are used by law enforcement they are used by human
+[2002.680 --> 2009.880]  resource professionals but really what is the what is the word of such a claim will address that in
+[2009.880 --> 2017.240]  in a moment and when those pseudo scientific techniques are criticized well one of the
+[2017.240 --> 2021.960]  replies that will come is that well we are criticized or left out because what we are doing is
+[2021.960 --> 2030.280]  revolutionary well that well we'll see the the weight of such an argument in a moment and what
+[2030.280 --> 2038.200]  is really typical of pseudo scientific techniques is that when they are presented they are presented
+[2038.200 --> 2047.160]  with ground rules and caution statements will go on that in a moment so what when a technique
+[2047.160 --> 2054.680]  said that it is based on the research well the question that you and practitioners should ask is
+[2054.680 --> 2061.400]  where is the peer review if if if it explicitly or implicitly presented a scientific
+[2062.840 --> 2070.280]  then there should be peer review publication if you use science as an argument of authority
+[2070.760 --> 2079.960]  then you must play by the rules so and don't get me wrong some of those techniques that well we
+[2079.960 --> 2087.000]  have a peer review that showed well all done a second if there's only one peer review publication
+[2087.000 --> 2093.880]  that supports your techniques well what's that publication was the limit of the results where was
+[2094.040 --> 2100.200]  published who published it as this paper been subject to commentaries and response
+[2101.480 --> 2107.880]  what's the what's the weight of this paper that you should give to it because if there's an
+[2107.880 --> 2116.040]  extraordinary claims in that paper then there should be extraordinary evidence so and and by the way
+[2116.600 --> 2122.440]  such techniques sometimes they will claim that their their stuff is peer review and they will give
+[2123.000 --> 2132.040]  papers to just to find that well you should read the paper because sometimes what is said about the
+[2132.040 --> 2142.200]  paper is not something that the authors of the paper actually said and in such pseudo scientific techniques
+[2143.480 --> 2149.160]  also a question that can ask yourself when you read it or you read about it or someone
+[2149.160 --> 2154.520]  talked to you about it is is the process that comes before the conclusion accessible
+[2156.520 --> 2163.400]  so I would say with a lot of caution that if someone was to publish a book about this technique
+[2164.280 --> 2172.680]  well we should add in that if the person presents this technique as scientific or is presented
+[2172.680 --> 2178.840]  explicitly or then there should be an access to what comes before the conclusion so that everyone
+[2178.840 --> 2186.120]  can judge the technique in full knowledge of the fact okay so these are kind of
+[2187.720 --> 2194.280]  when someone tells you and that goes for almost I would say it goes far beyond nonverbal communication
+[2194.280 --> 2198.200]  if someone tells you that something is based on research and use science as an argument
+[2198.760 --> 2206.680]  then the person should well should be ready to provide the sources then you have this argument
+[2206.680 --> 2211.320]  that is used by pseudo scientific technique that well it's used by a large number of practitioners
+[2211.320 --> 2218.360]  for many years well that's just an argument of authority or seniority these are logical fallacies and
+[2218.360 --> 2224.120]  they do not prove that the technique works there are things that are thousands of years old
+[2225.160 --> 2231.880]  and they are tradition and there's absolutely no evidence that it works okay that's just an argument
+[2231.880 --> 2242.040]  of authority or or seniority then I really like that that that quote from Carl Sayon when
+[2243.320 --> 2248.920]  when pseudo scientific techniques are criticized well the reply will be well you know we are
+[2248.920 --> 2257.160]  criticized because what we what we suggest is revolutionary well the fact that some geniuses
+[2257.160 --> 2265.960]  were left at well it does not imply that all who are left at are geniuses they left at Columbus
+[2265.960 --> 2270.840]  they left at Fulton they left at the Wright Brothers but they also left at Boseau de Clown
+[2274.520 --> 2280.280]  and this is this is extremely important what I'm about to say to you right now is that
+[2280.280 --> 2286.680]  those pseudo scientific techniques they come with ground rules and caution statement for example
+[2286.680 --> 2292.200]  they will they will you will you will hear and you will read that in those techniques well
+[2292.200 --> 2296.360]  the those techniques will say that the performance of those techniques will say well there are no
+[2296.360 --> 2301.640]  unique behavior associated with the acidity or honesty by the way science is clear on that
+[2301.640 --> 2305.880]  you have to establish a baseline you have to look for contradiction between channels you have to
+[2305.880 --> 2312.200]  look for deviation and nonverbal behavior you have to consider the context well how can you really
+[2312.200 --> 2318.840]  expect someone to apply all those ground rules and these are just a limited amount of ground rules
+[2318.840 --> 2325.240]  when you when you read about those techniques there is a number of ground another example this one
+[2326.600 --> 2331.240]  deception cues depend on various factors such as the perceived seriousness of the offense the
+[2331.240 --> 2336.360]  mental and physical condition of the subject any underlying psychiatric and personality disorder
+[2336.360 --> 2341.720]  level of intelligence degree of maturity and the extent of or absence of social responsibility
+[2342.520 --> 2349.560]  well how can you really expect someone to apply all those caution statement or ground rules
+[2350.200 --> 2357.400]  the fact is that those ground rules and caution statement they render the cues useless so
+[2357.640 --> 2364.840]  first some of the cues that are presented are worth nothing the accumulation of those cues
+[2366.040 --> 2373.560]  is also therefore worth nothing and then you have ground rules that you cannot really apply so it makes
+[2373.560 --> 2380.600]  the cues again or nothing because you cannot apply that and those ground rules and cues ground
+[2380.600 --> 2387.000]  rules and caution statements what is it's it's always a way to say well if the techniques didn't work
+[2387.720 --> 2393.480]  well it means it's because you did not apply the ground rules and it's always a way to get out of
+[2393.480 --> 2401.880]  the criticism but those ground rules how can you really expect someone to apply them and also
+[2403.400 --> 2409.160]  is there evidence to show that the use of those ground rules is possible and is there evidence
+[2409.160 --> 2416.280]  to show that the use of the ground rules allows better the coding of the nonverbal behavior well
+[2423.560 --> 2428.120]  if you want to read a little bit more about this issue me and 50 other colleagues we wrote a
+[2428.120 --> 2433.560]  paper that was published in 2020 on the issue of pseudo science and security in justice context
+[2433.720 --> 2440.760]  paper is available for free it's in French English and Spanish so don't hesitate to have a look at
+[2440.760 --> 2448.600]  that if the subject is of interest to you so I'm starting slowly to come to the conclusion
+[2449.720 --> 2457.880]  of this presentation if there are unfounded and discredited claims about nonverbal communication if
+[2457.880 --> 2463.080]  there are pseudo scientific claims and pseudo scientific techniques about nonverbal communication then
+[2463.800 --> 2469.240]  why do some organizations turn to pseudo science because there are organizations that have turned
+[2469.240 --> 2475.000]  in the past and still turn to pseudo science well in this paper that we published in 2020
+[2477.000 --> 2487.560]  we suggested five hypotheses that might explain so to speak why some organization turned to
+[2487.560 --> 2493.160]  pseudo science the first one is the fact that organization have problems to solve
+[2495.560 --> 2505.400]  the reality is that when an organization have a problem to solve pseudo scientific claims
+[2505.400 --> 2511.560]  pseudo scientific techniques often offer immediate and easy solutions to to complex challenges
+[2512.280 --> 2520.360]  unlike scientific knowledge so if there's social pressure political pressure
+[2523.400 --> 2529.640]  share all the pressure whatever pressure there is if an organization has a problem and someone
+[2529.640 --> 2537.000]  offers a way to solve the problem this is an open door to pseudo scientific claim it create an
+[2537.000 --> 2545.240]  environment where there will be an open here to pseudo scientific claims but there are other
+[2545.880 --> 2550.920]  reasons why well that's what we hypothesize the other one is the fact that sometimes
+[2551.960 --> 2558.600]  organizations they lack scientific knowledge and that's not a matter of that fate it's just that
+[2558.600 --> 2569.320]  they are they have other issues to take care of well if the organization doesn't know about
+[2569.320 --> 2574.600]  the science on a specific subject for example the knowledge of the state of scientific research
+[2574.600 --> 2581.480]  on nonverbal communication it makes it easy to recognize the true nature of the indicator conveyed
+[2581.480 --> 2587.960]  by pseudo science so in other words if an organization knows about the science on the subject
+[2587.960 --> 2594.440]  they have a problem on then if someone comes to offer a solution and the organization
+[2594.440 --> 2603.720]  know the science about that issue or problems well it makes it easier to spot pseudo scientific
+[2603.720 --> 2609.880]  claims or unfounded or discreeted claims but if the organization does not know about the state of
+[2609.880 --> 2619.560]  science then they can be more subject to being persuaded by extravagant claims that are not
+[2620.600 --> 2631.400]  extravagant evidence we have also argued that one of the other reasons why organization might
+[2631.400 --> 2637.000]  turn to pseudo science is the fact that the organization ignored the importance of science and what
+[2637.000 --> 2644.440]  really is the importance of science is the fact that even if science is is not perfect it can be
+[2644.440 --> 2652.040]  supported and criticized because everything is accessible to do so compared to pseudo scientific
+[2652.040 --> 2658.600]  claims where really you must trust the claims almost blindly because the process that comes before
+[2658.600 --> 2665.400]  the conclusion is not available and without knowing the merit of the knowledge published in peer
+[2665.400 --> 2672.200]  review publications well pseudo scientific claims really can appear much more enticing and reassuring
+[2673.560 --> 2677.000]  by implementing marketing campaign and using logical fallacies
+[2680.920 --> 2685.400]  another hypothesis that we suggested is the fact that organization underestimated the
+[2685.400 --> 2692.120]  dangers of pseudo science and when it comes to security and justice context what we address in
+[2692.280 --> 2699.000]  our paper in 2020 is the fact that pseudo scientific claims can result in failing to detect actual
+[2699.000 --> 2706.200]  threat and misidentifying guilty individuals as an innocent but it can so result in misidentifying
+[2706.200 --> 2712.760]  innocent individual as guilty and and this can result in not only a loss of time and money but also
+[2712.760 --> 2718.200]  it can result in reputational and legal and social consequences these are the consequences of
+[2718.200 --> 2727.240]  using pseudo science but you know there's those hypotheses are addressed at organization
+[2727.240 --> 2731.960]  and again it's not a question of good fate or bad it's just the fact that organization that
+[2731.960 --> 2738.280]  sometimes other issues to deal with but this knowing what the science is and knowing what the
+[2738.280 --> 2743.800]  science is about the subject where there's a problem is is in my opinion and the opinion of other
+[2743.800 --> 2750.840]  researchers essential to stop pseudo scientific claims and un-fathered and discredited claims
+[2750.840 --> 2757.800]  but you see researcher also have a responsibility and that's important to remember
+[2759.240 --> 2764.520]  the international scientific company must promote more open science more open access to knowledge
+[2764.520 --> 2769.800]  published in scientific journals it's important for the researcher to disseminate the knowledge to
+[2769.800 --> 2776.360]  the public and disseminate it also to organization in the fields for example in security and justice
+[2776.360 --> 2784.360]  that wish to implement evidence-based practices so the researcher also have part of the
+[2784.360 --> 2793.400]  responsibility of the shoulders if we develop excellent knowledge peer review publications knowledge
+[2793.400 --> 2799.160]  where you can criticize in full knowledge of the fact knowledge that you can criticize because you
+[2799.160 --> 2804.760]  have access to the process that come before the conclusion and this knowledge if it's not accessible
+[2805.400 --> 2812.200]  to organization how can we expect the organization to implement this knowledge so there is a part
+[2812.200 --> 2820.120]  of the responsibility on the shoulder of researchers so with that said I just want to point out
+[2820.760 --> 2827.480]  a few things that are important because I've addressed myths about lie detection and stuff and
+[2827.480 --> 2831.880]  you might say well just on this specific subject because there are other issues in nonverbal
+[2831.880 --> 2836.680]  communication but I just want to point you in the right direction but if you tell me well by some
+[2836.680 --> 2842.760]  if we cannot detect lies based on nonverbal behavior what should we do well researchers have worked
+[2842.760 --> 2849.960]  on that and there are plenty peer review publication and there are techniques that are supported by
+[2849.960 --> 2855.800]  evidence and I just want to point two things that are important when looking for the truth
+[2856.120 --> 2864.600]  it is important to establish report so a feeling of empathy a feeling that the person will not be
+[2864.600 --> 2871.080]  if I'm the investigator and I'm meeting with someone I need to make sure that the person is in
+[2871.080 --> 2876.520]  a good position that I polite that I that I show empathy that I show that I will not judge a
+[2876.520 --> 2883.000]  person for saying whatever she wants to say or he wants to say so the importance of report and
+[2883.000 --> 2888.120]  this is where nonverbal communication is important so you have to switch this idea that if you meet
+[2888.120 --> 2896.120]  someone that you will try to spot the lie just create an environment where a person will feel good
+[2896.120 --> 2902.920]  and how do you create an environment well of course with the words you say how you say it that's
+[2902.920 --> 2909.320]  nonverbal communication and how you act with a person and the other element in those techniques which
+[2910.120 --> 2918.360]  I mean I just summarizing that's that's almost I don't do justice to the research on on those
+[2918.360 --> 2923.960]  issues but I just want to say because if some of you are interested in in deception detection or
+[2923.960 --> 2930.040]  the search for the truth look out for those techniques and others and and and and what what they
+[2930.040 --> 2937.080]  say well those techniques a lot of them say the importance of I argue about the importance of report
+[2937.720 --> 2943.560]  and they also argue about the importance of asking open-ended question and being prepared before
+[2943.560 --> 2947.960]  you meet someone so I just want to say that because if some of you are interested in the subject
+[2947.960 --> 2954.520]  well I would say nonverbal communication is important but it's it's not really about detecting
+[2954.520 --> 2962.040]  liars it's about creating an environment where the truth the people will be motivated to tell the
+[2962.040 --> 2970.840]  truth so to speak and this your nonverbal communication is important regarding that so to conclude
+[2970.840 --> 2977.160]  this presentation what I want to say is that remember that we are all biased and there's there's
+[2977.160 --> 2983.400]  this issue that there's this confirmation bias that it is especially important especially important
+[2983.400 --> 2988.440]  in the issue regarding nonverbal communication because for example if you think that someone is lying
+[2989.160 --> 2997.640]  you might see all the behaviors that confirm that the person is lying but but in fact those behaviors
+[2997.640 --> 3003.080]  actually can be shown by people who are telling the truth if you see me for the first time and I'm
+[3003.080 --> 3008.920]  telling you something and you think that I'm a liar well you might say time nervous that I'm looking
+[3008.920 --> 3015.000]  away that time hesitating and that confirms your initial belief but the fact is that if your initial
+[3015.000 --> 3022.840]  belief is wrong those behaviors just confirm something that is wrong and in fact I can be nervous
+[3022.840 --> 3028.520]  because telling the truth makes me nervous I can hesitate because I want to sit truth
+[3028.520 --> 3033.400]  accurately and I can look away because I'm stressed because I have another meeting after
+[3034.120 --> 3039.320]  there are many reasons why people might exhibit what you consider to be signs of lie but actually
+[3039.320 --> 3044.360]  those behavior they can be exhibited by people who are telling the truth and the danger is this
+[3044.360 --> 3051.480]  confirmation bias so the intuition that you have regarding someone if the person is truthful or not
+[3051.480 --> 3055.800]  is often based on the first impression and then if you look for a nonverbal behavior to
+[3056.360 --> 3062.360]  confirm that well this this opens a wide door about regarding confirmation bias and that's also
+[3062.360 --> 3071.080]  one of the reason why the coding nonverbal behavior is such as artists in addition with the fact that
+[3071.400 --> 3078.120]  the grids that are suggested to the code nonverbal behavior are just based on nothing other than
+[3079.160 --> 3087.240]  I mean anecdotes let's remember that I invite you to remember that the science is very attractive
+[3088.600 --> 3095.320]  and one thing that I really want to underline here and I just want to emphasize it and that's why
+[3095.400 --> 3100.760]  I used this silence just before I say that's nonverbal communication okay is that
+[3100.760 --> 3104.200]  proponents of pseudo science are generally acting in good faith
+[3107.320 --> 3117.000]  so I don't this is a personal position I I I I really honestly I honestly think and I might
+[3117.000 --> 3123.320]  I might be wrong I might be wrong but I honestly sincerely think that most of the
+[3123.320 --> 3128.840]  proponents of pseudo science are acting in good faith they really think that their stuff works
+[3130.280 --> 3138.600]  but it doesn't and they are evidence to the contrary so however even if they're acting in good faith
+[3138.600 --> 3148.680]  the reality is good faith is not a synonym of good practice good faith is not a synonym of good practice
+[3149.480 --> 3159.240]  and unfounded discredited claims and pseudo scientific claims they can have consequences
+[3160.520 --> 3166.200]  they really can have harmful consequences I refer you to the paper we published in 2020
+[3167.400 --> 3174.680]  and final idea human communication is an intricate process the importance of nonverbal communication
+[3174.760 --> 3180.680]  it's then well beyond the detection of deception which is a fairly small area of research when compared
+[3180.680 --> 3190.840]  to other areas so what's next well nonverbal communication becomes right now it is a subject of
+[3190.840 --> 3197.080]  research by a worldwide community but also right now because of pandemic there are new issues about
+[3197.080 --> 3202.440]  nonverbal communication that are important to address one of them which I will discuss a little bit
+[3202.680 --> 3209.160]  on December 8th is the issue of virtual justice because one of the things that change
+[3210.440 --> 3220.200]  from face-to-face trials to virtual trials is nonverbal communication environment what you see
+[3220.200 --> 3228.680]  what is the focus so really this is it I saw when I was presenting some questions but I won't be
+[3228.920 --> 3234.120]  able to answer them but if you have any questions look it's really easy to contact me
+[3235.880 --> 3241.400]  don't hesitate I will be happy to exchange with you if I can answer the question if I cannot and
+[3241.400 --> 3249.080]  then I will say to you but thank you very much for attending this lecture and I hope to see you
+[3249.080 --> 3256.440]  on December 8th be safe take care and thank you very much

transcript/webinar_krSilNLm-2Q.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,1063 @@
+[0.000 --> 7.960]  Hey there folks, welcome, welcome, welcome to today's webinar.
+[7.960 --> 10.360]  My name is Grammys and Shines and I'm with the Durian International.
+[10.360 --> 11.360]  I am here with.
+[11.360 --> 12.360]  Yes, my Murray.
+[12.360 --> 14.960]  Hello and how is everyone?
+[14.960 --> 18.920]  It's a pleasure for us to present to you today the information that we promised to you.
+[18.920 --> 23.960]  We're going to talk about the nine most important nonverbal communication skills you want to
+[23.960 --> 27.000]  learn to advance your career as a multi-Ute Manager.
+[27.000 --> 31.360]  No, that's a little bit lengthy but we want to make sure we talk directly to you multi-unit
+[31.360 --> 32.520]  managers.
+[32.520 --> 36.880]  I've had the opportunity to work in a corporate environment and have subordinates and
+[36.880 --> 39.080]  or team members that I've managed.
+[39.080 --> 43.920]  Yes, and on the other hand has been in the retail space just like you all and has managed
+[43.920 --> 46.440]  up to 500 stores at one time.
+[46.440 --> 47.440]  Absolutely yes.
+[47.440 --> 48.440]  Yes.
+[48.440 --> 51.320]  I've been in retail over 20 years.
+[51.320 --> 56.520]  So most of the skills here what you're going to learn today are definitely, definitely
+[56.520 --> 63.240]  what's going to help you not only get to the next level but also teach and educate others
+[63.240 --> 65.360]  how to get to where they need to be.
+[65.360 --> 66.360]  Absolutely.
+[66.360 --> 69.760]  There's more and more education coming out folks about more research I should say, let's
+[69.760 --> 75.760]  say education and information research about why soft skills are tremendously important.
+[75.760 --> 80.000]  If you're not familiar with the term digital transformation take a look at that one that
+[80.000 --> 84.920]  up because what it's basically says that the more we use or more we come into technology
+[84.920 --> 89.600]  using artificial intelligence machine learning the more the soft skills are more prevalent
+[89.600 --> 95.600]  to sort the difference out between us because the AI won't be able to make to won't be able
+[95.600 --> 100.560]  to have the empathy and the emotional intelligence like us humans.
+[100.560 --> 106.120]  So that skill set is still very, very viable, still very, very useful in managing people.
+[106.120 --> 109.600]  They don't see any time in the near future where artificial intelligence is going to be
+[109.600 --> 112.600]  utilized to manage people and that's important.
+[112.600 --> 118.200]  So it can give some directives but when it comes down to really the brass tax of learning
+[118.200 --> 121.240]  or being the person that you want to be, it's always the soft skills.
+[121.240 --> 123.960]  So yes, let me ask you this question.
+[123.960 --> 127.440]  Soft skills, is that something that really set you apart from your other peers as well
+[127.440 --> 129.320]  and you advance quite a bit?
+[129.320 --> 132.400]  We're going to get into another web interview with her but.
+[132.400 --> 133.400]  Yes.
+[133.400 --> 134.400]  Yes.
+[134.400 --> 138.080]  So first of all, the reason I was laughing was I can't imagine having a boss that's a robot.
+[139.080 --> 140.080]  Pretty nature.
+[140.080 --> 143.680]  So what you said, yes.
+[143.680 --> 150.160]  Throughout my career, I have made sure that I keep myself abreast of everyone else,
+[150.160 --> 158.400]  educating myself and having coaches and webinars and seminars so I can learn some of those skills
+[158.400 --> 159.640]  to further my career.
+[159.640 --> 165.240]  But I would say, and I say this when we do all of our other teachings, our live events,
+[165.240 --> 169.800]  our other webinars, is that the reason why most people don't invest in themselves
+[169.800 --> 172.440]  in soft skills is because they don't know how to measure it.
+[172.440 --> 176.240]  I want to talk about it in this particular webinar, but they don't know how to measure
+[176.240 --> 182.800]  the soft skills to turn those soft skills into hard money and have a working measurement
+[182.800 --> 183.800]  of that.
+[183.800 --> 185.400]  And that's one of the really key things.
+[185.400 --> 191.460]  And again, I can, I can attest with three different areas in my life where I utilize my
+[191.460 --> 197.340]  soft skills on purpose because I was trained how to do that with my mentors and bosses.
+[197.340 --> 200.740]  And it resulted in an increase of income.
+[200.740 --> 203.860]  And that's what's important and that's what's important for you all too, right?
+[203.860 --> 205.300]  And that's what I was going to say.
+[205.300 --> 211.300]  The measure is your promotions when you get promoted, you get more money and you have
+[211.300 --> 216.060]  a different status and different level than you had before.
+[216.060 --> 218.260]  So definitely that's what the measurement is.
+[218.260 --> 219.660]  Yeah, that's one of the measurements.
+[219.660 --> 224.820]  If you're in sales or if you talk to people on a daily basis, then you can measure that.
+[224.820 --> 228.500]  You can measure the productivity of your teammates.
+[228.500 --> 232.860]  There's a lot of measure that can go on because the soft skills, in fact, our last presentation
+[232.860 --> 237.020]  we did here locally, we went back and tried to freeze that, hey, I've been in sales for
+[237.020 --> 241.220]  the longest time and I as soon as I took my communications course in classes and learned
+[241.220 --> 243.900]  a lot about communication, but I'm not a communication.
+[243.900 --> 245.860]  He said it just skyrocketed.
+[245.860 --> 247.900]  So I'm like, yeah, exactly.
+[247.900 --> 250.940]  So we had a really good conversation centered on that.
+[250.940 --> 254.220]  But what I want to really talk about today, again, we're going to talk about the nine most
+[254.220 --> 260.580]  important nonverbal communication skills now between your verbal communication, your nonverbal
+[260.580 --> 266.580]  communication, visual communication, written communication, the nonverbal cues are what
+[266.580 --> 268.740]  are going to set you apart.
+[268.740 --> 275.540]  When you learn how to control those adiosyncrasies that you may have, when you learn how to observe
+[275.540 --> 280.700]  others and their adiosyncrasies that they may have, you can have a better performance
+[280.700 --> 283.460]  and work more efficiently within peers.
+[283.460 --> 285.660]  So we're going to talk about the nine different ones today.
+[285.660 --> 289.940]  We're going to elaborate on those really quickly and they were going to share some subject
+[289.940 --> 290.940]  matter.
+[290.940 --> 291.940]  We can continue to learn.
+[291.940 --> 298.180]  Unfortunately, unfortunately, you cannot learn everything in this one webinar that
+[298.180 --> 300.900]  we're going to talk about about nonverbal.
+[300.900 --> 304.820]  So we are going to provide an avenue where you can learn more if you choose to.
+[304.820 --> 305.820]  It's not a mandate.
+[305.820 --> 308.940]  It's just something that if you choose to learn, we'll we're there for you.
+[308.940 --> 310.660]  So let's get started.
+[310.660 --> 315.540]  Oh, before we get started, I want to thank everyone who is on this webinar.
+[315.540 --> 319.740]  There was an overwhelming response and I really appreciate that.
+[319.740 --> 320.900]  So thank you.
+[320.900 --> 324.900]  Thank you for being on the webinar and trusting us with your education.
+[324.900 --> 332.100]  And also one more thing last thing before we get started is that executive presence is
+[332.100 --> 333.900]  so important.
+[333.900 --> 341.260]  And not only that executive presence is what gives that gravitas to you.
+[341.260 --> 347.540]  I've had bosses in the past where they've little things here and there and they lose it
+[347.540 --> 351.620]  or their temperament changes, the body language changes.
+[351.620 --> 360.260]  And when you as a boss cannot control your behaviors, your nonverbal communication is
+[360.260 --> 372.460]  reflective on your not only on your the way you supervise people, but also how you communicate.
+[372.460 --> 377.260]  You can have other people totally shut down just by your nonverbal communication.
+[377.260 --> 381.620]  If I just look at you the wrong way, you're not going to speak.
+[381.620 --> 388.220]  So I just wanted to add that that learning these skills has really helped me further my
+[388.220 --> 389.220]  career.
+[389.220 --> 390.220]  Absolutely.
+[390.220 --> 391.220]  And that's what I want to do.
+[391.220 --> 392.220]  And I want to be a part of that there.
+[392.220 --> 393.380]  And executive presence is a massive topic.
+[393.380 --> 397.460]  So I'm going to give you a term or not, but it's something that you definitely have to
+[397.460 --> 402.900]  learn if you are any management capacity or if you want to be an aspiring manager, that's
+[402.900 --> 404.340]  going to be the one thing that you part.
+[404.340 --> 407.940]  You guys just said a presentation for actually going on our clients.
+[407.940 --> 412.020]  And about executive presence and that was such an eye opening.
+[412.020 --> 416.820]  Now here are people who are very high status and just wanted to know more about executive
+[416.820 --> 417.820]  presence.
+[417.820 --> 422.220]  And so you have to hear her do that talk on a executive presence one day.
+[422.220 --> 426.820]  So very instrumental and you will be very instrumental in your career.
+[426.820 --> 428.540]  Definitely promise you that.
+[428.540 --> 432.220]  So let's continue on.
+[432.220 --> 436.180]  So let's talk about first of all, what we focus on here, Sardiria.
+[436.180 --> 440.620]  We're going to talk about the nonverbal and verbal communication confidence.
+[440.620 --> 444.660]  Now, reason why communication confidence, I'll talk about that in a second, leadership
+[444.660 --> 445.660]  communication confidence.
+[445.660 --> 448.660]  Because if you're a leader, you have to have good communication, you have to definitely
+[448.660 --> 450.620]  come up with confidence.
+[450.620 --> 455.460]  And we also talk about the 42 different soft skills or leadership skills that we have
+[455.460 --> 456.460]  in our program.
+[456.460 --> 460.460]  So our program is in conversation that I'll give you a visual aspect of that as well so
+[460.460 --> 464.260]  that you can understand our program from a 10,000-foot view.
+[464.260 --> 469.220]  This is the program that makes you thrive as an effective leader in order to boost productivity,
+[469.220 --> 474.060]  increase in place, have fashion, escalate customer loyalty and grow bottom line profitability
+[474.060 --> 480.960]  at the end of the day, the sea level executives, what they really want in you as the bottom
+[480.960 --> 482.060]  line profitability.
+[482.060 --> 487.760]  And so if you work backwards, you get to, you work backwards and you, let's say reverse
+[487.760 --> 491.900]  engineer this whole process, you come right here to what we're talking about today, which
+[491.900 --> 495.700]  are the verbal and nonverbal communication skills that you want to have that will help
+[495.700 --> 499.180]  you do everything else that the manager wants you to do.
+[499.180 --> 501.380]  So let's continue on.
+[501.380 --> 503.980]  Here's one of my favorite goals I always talk about this.
+[503.980 --> 508.780]  You always show up communicating and with the level of confidence and unfortunately there's
+[508.780 --> 514.300]  no separating the two that is communication and that being confidence.
+[514.300 --> 519.100]  You always show up when you walk through the door in your office every day.
+[519.100 --> 521.060]  You show up, you're communicating.
+[521.060 --> 525.940]  People look at you on your face, they look how your posture is and they start making all
+[525.940 --> 527.260]  these assessments and judgments.
+[527.260 --> 528.260]  They can't help it.
+[528.260 --> 529.460]  We just do.
+[529.460 --> 533.300]  So you're communicating with them without opening your mouth first.
+[533.300 --> 537.260]  You're communicating with them without opening your mouth and then when you open your mouth,
+[537.260 --> 538.260]  it has to match, right?
+[538.260 --> 541.140]  In marketing, we call it a message to market match.
+[541.140 --> 549.380]  Well, what your body is saying, your nonverbal cues doesn't match up with your verbal communication,
+[549.380 --> 553.460]  then there's a big dichotomy and some people can read in on that innately.
+[553.460 --> 558.740]  But then when you train how to do it as a manager, it's tremendously helpful in managing
+[558.740 --> 565.660]  your career and your people, the people who are your responsible for it.
+[565.660 --> 570.220]  So communication confidence, let's talk about that from a 10,000 foot view right quick.
+[570.220 --> 575.260]  The act of process of using word sentence behaviors are body positions to express and exchange
+[575.260 --> 578.340]  information, express ideas, thoughts and feelings.
+[578.340 --> 581.820]  So every communication has at least one sender, right?
+[581.820 --> 583.860]  One message and one recipient, that's communication.
+[583.860 --> 585.660]  You have two people in a room.
+[585.660 --> 588.580]  Now everything we talk about has a duality purpose to it.
+[588.580 --> 593.060]  I mean, meaning that whatever we talk about communication is going from you and it's
+[593.060 --> 594.620]  coming towards you as well.
+[594.620 --> 596.220]  We're talking about confidence.
+[596.220 --> 600.540]  It's your exuding confidence and your assessing some of this confidence as well, especially
+[600.540 --> 606.020]  if you're a multi-manager and you're delegating tasks, you're telling people to do certain
+[606.020 --> 608.780]  things or whatever that may be.
+[608.780 --> 613.500]  And you have to assess their level of confidence on whether or not they are capable of completing
+[613.500 --> 614.500]  the task, right?
+[614.500 --> 615.500]  Absolutely.
+[615.500 --> 618.140]  Your confidence in them and their confidence in you.
+[618.140 --> 619.140]  Absolutely.
+[619.140 --> 623.460]  In fact, most people look at confidence as a one-dimensional thing.
+[623.460 --> 625.100]  In fact, it's a tri-dimensional thing.
+[625.100 --> 627.500]  So we talk about the three rounds of confidence.
+[627.500 --> 629.460]  We'll talk about that shortly here in a second.
+[629.460 --> 634.820]  But the confidence is the trust you have, your ability, your qualities, and your judgment.
+[634.820 --> 639.140]  So you see how confidence now comes in the play and how it's really no separating the
+[639.140 --> 643.860]  two from communication and confidence because you always show up how you dress, how you
+[643.860 --> 647.460]  stand, how you walk, how you sit, you're communicating and you're communicating with the
+[647.460 --> 650.060]  level of confidence as well.
+[650.060 --> 654.180]  So non-verbal communication, of course, is we're talking about it as being defined as
+[654.180 --> 657.020]  communication without words, right?
+[657.020 --> 661.300]  Not just grunts and everything else, but all your body language.
+[661.300 --> 664.620]  It's your facial expressions, eye contact.
+[664.620 --> 665.620]  Absolutely.
+[665.620 --> 669.900]  And so facial expressions, even good answer, facial expressions, even micro expressions,
+[669.900 --> 674.740]  which some of the things that you might do that you're not conscious of, right?
+[674.740 --> 679.260]  And those things do matter and people pick up on those Z-dals, even when you don't.
+[679.260 --> 683.980]  So that's why it's aproposal to be a complete control and understand what we're talking
+[683.980 --> 684.980]  about.
+[684.980 --> 686.380]  So body language, right?
+[686.380 --> 688.300]  How do you use space and everything else?
+[688.300 --> 691.220]  We'll talk about that shortly as well.
+[691.220 --> 695.220]  Here is your organization, no matter what is every organization.
+[695.220 --> 699.340]  And when you look at the triangle in the middle of the business operations process, you see
+[699.340 --> 704.260]  the red, the red arrows here vertically and horizontally.
+[704.260 --> 708.940]  That's because communication is from the executive down to the shop floor, out in the
+[708.940 --> 715.620]  field, all the way to the unit ladder, I should say, bi-directional horizontal.
+[715.620 --> 719.900]  Let me put that horizontal communication as well from the department to the department.
+[719.900 --> 725.100]  And that's important to understand that communication is in everything that you're going to do,
+[725.100 --> 726.780]  especially in the work environment.
+[726.780 --> 732.460]  And I'm hard pressed, hard, hard, hard pressed for you to show me anywhere here where you're
+[732.460 --> 733.460]  not communicating.
+[733.460 --> 738.580]  When you look at the model you talk about, your referral partners, contractors, competitors,
+[738.580 --> 744.140]  vendors, your customers, your products and services, this communication across the whole
+[744.140 --> 748.460]  dynamic of this visual diagram here.
+[748.460 --> 750.580]  So who are we?
+[751.300 --> 757.420]  Well, I'd like to say that who I am is, I've been a multi-unit district manager, regional
+[757.420 --> 762.340]  manager and all the way up to regional vice president with my last position.
+[762.340 --> 769.380]  So I started as a cashier, my God, 24 or 5 years ago and moved my way up.
+[769.380 --> 775.300]  So I have been in retail all the way from the bottom to the top.
+[775.300 --> 779.620]  So there's a lot that I can go over with you, share with you.
+[779.620 --> 783.700]  How to elevate yourself and people that work for you.
+[783.700 --> 786.980]  And unfortunately, we can't just take all that information and knowledge and bottle it up
+[786.980 --> 789.460]  and put it into something and give it to you all at once.
+[789.460 --> 792.540]  So we're going to be talking to you over at extended period of time.
+[792.540 --> 794.380]  So again, I've been in the corporate world.
+[794.380 --> 798.740]  I have my first corporate job at 17, work my way through management and then work my way
+[798.740 --> 801.380]  through other organizations and management as well.
+[801.380 --> 805.940]  They sent me to school for leadership management and a lot of communication, leadership
+[805.940 --> 811.780]  styles, leadership skills, accentuated that and work my way up to very high position
+[811.780 --> 817.500]  before venturing out to four of you know, four fully venturing out to my own business,
+[817.500 --> 819.180]  which I'd never look back.
+[819.180 --> 823.700]  And I utilize these same soft skills that we're going to talk about today drilling it down
+[823.700 --> 825.300]  into nonverbal communication.
+[825.300 --> 827.980]  So we are a business mindset and training company.
+[827.980 --> 831.980]  We work specifically with mission-driven organizations who want to increase productivity
+[831.980 --> 835.860]  and profitability at the end of the day, end of the day, that's what it's all about.
+[835.860 --> 840.180]  So we do this by teaching nonverbal communication confidence, leadership communication confidence
+[840.180 --> 844.500]  and that's also embedded within 42 different leadership skills or soft skills.
+[844.500 --> 847.580]  So leaders like you can be more effective in your work environment.
+[847.580 --> 849.340]  That's what we're all about.
+[849.340 --> 854.660]  So we, our confidence, communication confidence, blueprint, we do have, we have broken this
+[854.660 --> 856.100]  down and put it into assistance.
+[856.100 --> 860.140]  We have the science behind it, how we embed, how we teach.
+[860.140 --> 864.020]  We focus on the three realms of communication confidence, 12 areas of confidence.
+[864.020 --> 869.500]  In fact, everyone gets an assessment when they come into the environment where we're exchanging
+[869.500 --> 873.660]  knowledge, we're transferring knowledge, seven modalities of communication confidence.
+[873.660 --> 876.940]  And then again, the 42 different leadership skills.
+[876.940 --> 881.740]  And we utilize the enroll-play section of this portion, as I should say, because we want
+[881.740 --> 886.180]  to really get it internalized at the cellular level.
+[886.180 --> 890.060]  And that's important because your brain starts to form these new neural pathways when you
+[890.060 --> 891.580]  start running a new skill set.
+[891.580 --> 897.220]  And we know that utilizing one of our modalities can help you become even more proficient
+[897.220 --> 900.540]  in what we're teaching in the faster and more confident.
+[900.540 --> 902.820]  And with more confidence, exactly.
+[902.820 --> 906.740]  So we serve executives, managers, supervisors, team members to help them communicate stronger
+[906.740 --> 911.420]  with more confidence vertically and horizontally within your organization.
+[911.420 --> 916.900]  We work with individual appropriations that want to strengthen their relationships communication
+[916.900 --> 920.820]  and how to utilize nonverbal communications all about strengthening relationships.
+[920.820 --> 922.820]  And that's internal relationships.
+[922.820 --> 923.820]  And that's internal relationships.
+[923.820 --> 924.820]  Exactly.
+[924.820 --> 929.500]  So your internal and external customers, as they call it in the field.
+[929.500 --> 935.380]  So communication confidence to Blueprint, here is our 12 areas of confidence.
+[935.380 --> 936.380]  Yes.
+[936.380 --> 941.740]  And those are, of course, we're leading with communication.
+[941.740 --> 944.140]  Then we have fashion confidence.
+[944.140 --> 946.700]  We have financial confidence.
+[946.700 --> 949.580]  We have intellectual confidence.
+[949.580 --> 959.300]  We have parental, physical, professional, relationship, sexual, social, spiritual, and business.
+[959.300 --> 964.340]  You know, a lot of times people think that, like Randison said earlier, that, hey, I'm
+[964.340 --> 965.340]  confident.
+[965.340 --> 967.340]  What does that even mean?
+[967.340 --> 969.780]  There are so many different areas of confidence.
+[969.780 --> 973.860]  You might be confident in one, two, or three areas.
+[973.860 --> 976.700]  But what about the rest of them?
+[976.700 --> 980.700]  Yes, it is.
+[980.700 --> 981.700]  Every aspect.
+[981.700 --> 989.020]  And with all of these 12, you're communicating somewhere in the whole entire scheme of things.
+[989.020 --> 993.260]  So that communication confidence again, there's no separating the two.
+[993.260 --> 995.140]  And so we talk about the three rams of confidence.
+[995.140 --> 996.620]  I'll talk about this really quickly.
+[996.620 --> 999.900]  So a lot of times we think of confidence, we think about it just within ourselves.
+[999.900 --> 1003.700]  So the top of self-confidence, you're the term self-confidence.
+[1003.700 --> 1006.820]  There's also others' confidence and installation of confidence.
+[1006.820 --> 1008.660]  Let me explain those two right quick.
+[1008.660 --> 1012.820]  So if you are a manager, and we're talking to a lot of managers today, a lot of managers
+[1012.820 --> 1014.660]  online looking at this video.
+[1014.660 --> 1019.660]  If you have subordinates, if you have a supervisor, whatever you are, there are times when you're
+[1019.660 --> 1021.140]  again, you're going to be delegating tasks.
+[1021.140 --> 1024.260]  You're going to tell someone to do something that needs to be done.
+[1024.260 --> 1027.460]  You're going to instruct them to, you're going to mentor them.
+[1027.460 --> 1031.140]  And to complete these tasks, when you're talking to them, you're going to read their body
+[1031.140 --> 1032.140]  language.
+[1032.140 --> 1033.140]  You're going to hear the words that come out of their mouth.
+[1033.140 --> 1038.020]  You're going to assess their level of confidence or the others' confidence.
+[1038.020 --> 1039.540]  So now that comes into play.
+[1039.540 --> 1042.860]  You learning how to read or the communication to a street.
+[1042.860 --> 1044.740]  You're going to learn how to read their confidence.
+[1044.740 --> 1049.180]  And if they are shaky and wavering, then either they should ask you questions.
+[1049.180 --> 1054.740]  You know they should ask you clarity, or you should make sure that they understand, you
+[1054.740 --> 1056.580]  say, hey, asking the right question.
+[1056.580 --> 1058.540]  Do you understand what I'm talking about?
+[1058.540 --> 1059.540]  Is it understood?
+[1059.540 --> 1064.100]  Is everything concise and clear so that you can do this job effectively?
+[1064.100 --> 1065.260]  Yes, or no?
+[1065.260 --> 1069.340]  And then from there, again, you're set at level of confidence.
+[1069.340 --> 1073.540]  Installation of confidence is when you have a team member and you want them to grow in
+[1073.540 --> 1075.220]  their profession.
+[1075.220 --> 1079.140]  And you may have to instill confidence in them that they're capable of doing a certain
+[1079.140 --> 1083.060]  task, that they're capable of doing a certain job, that they're capable of talking to someone
+[1083.060 --> 1086.180]  and giving it and taking it over this opportunity for them.
+[1086.180 --> 1088.140]  Because you're again, you saw about you growing them.
+[1088.140 --> 1092.660]  So there are times you have to install confidence, but not only that, if you're talking to
+[1092.660 --> 1095.820]  customers, you have to get them to trust you.
+[1095.820 --> 1097.300]  You have to get them to like you.
+[1097.300 --> 1098.300]  You want to get them to know them.
+[1098.300 --> 1099.300]  Exactly.
+[1099.300 --> 1100.300]  You have to buy into you.
+[1100.300 --> 1103.940]  So you have to instill confidence in them about you.
+[1103.940 --> 1104.940]  Right?
+[1104.940 --> 1107.660]  And remember, we buy from people who we know like a trust.
+[1107.660 --> 1112.500]  And so understanding, you have to get them to trust in your abilities, trust in your
+[1112.500 --> 1117.500]  qualities and your juzms that you and your organization are the right people for the
+[1117.500 --> 1120.580]  job or the right person for the job is going to be doing the work.
+[1120.580 --> 1121.580]  So that's extremely important.
+[1121.580 --> 1125.580]  That's really where I'm with confidence and we've even been to this in our program as
+[1125.580 --> 1126.860]  well.
+[1126.860 --> 1131.220]  So let's talk about the 42 different leadership skills.
+[1131.220 --> 1135.740]  We focus on two that we have that we're going to talk about right now, one of the communication
+[1135.740 --> 1137.260]  skills and then the interpersonal skills.
+[1137.260 --> 1143.540]  I feel those two are very, very apropos for your business as a manager for interpersonal
+[1143.540 --> 1144.540]  skills.
+[1144.540 --> 1149.540]  So we get rid of a wide variety of people to talk up the organization and down the organization
+[1149.540 --> 1153.740]  you know, later across the organization, people with different positions, different top
+[1153.740 --> 1154.740]  processes.
+[1154.740 --> 1159.500]  And so that interpersonal communication skill is very important as well as it is part
+[1159.500 --> 1160.500]  of communication.
+[1160.500 --> 1164.500]  You have a lot of different skills come to play as well, but we have 42 that we've outlined
+[1164.500 --> 1165.500]  there.
+[1165.500 --> 1172.180]  So what I was about to say was that we coach individuals like yourself with the other
+[1172.180 --> 1174.100]  40 skills if you want to learn.
+[1174.100 --> 1175.100]  So we do coach.
+[1175.100 --> 1176.100]  Yeah, exactly.
+[1176.100 --> 1179.500]  And that in coaching is very apropos.
+[1179.500 --> 1183.340]  We have coaches and I've maintained a mentor and coach throughout my entire career still
+[1183.340 --> 1188.300]  maintain it now even more so as an entrepreneur because those skills says I want to learn those
+[1188.300 --> 1190.500]  skills that even more have a rapid, more rapid pace.
+[1190.500 --> 1192.900]  Are important because we coach another people.
+[1192.900 --> 1193.900]  Yeah, that's true.
+[1193.900 --> 1197.900]  We have coaches help us coach other people.
+[1197.900 --> 1202.140]  And that's important because again, it's all about learning and continuously learning
+[1202.140 --> 1204.860]  and not just stop learning and figure things out.
+[1204.860 --> 1205.860]  Exactly.
+[1205.860 --> 1206.860]  Yeah, exactly.
+[1206.860 --> 1207.860]  Like you have it all figured out.
+[1207.860 --> 1208.860]  I don't know.
+[1208.860 --> 1209.860]  I don't have it all figured out.
+[1209.860 --> 1213.580]  So I'm like, okay, how can I ascertain this knowledge as soon as it's possible and put
+[1213.580 --> 1214.580]  it to utilization?
+[1214.580 --> 1216.100]  Yeah, the competition's tough out there.
+[1216.100 --> 1217.860]  You have to be better than the next one.
+[1217.860 --> 1218.860]  Yeah, that's exactly right.
+[1218.860 --> 1223.340]  I mean, you have to be, you have to have those, the one thing that differentiates you or
+[1223.340 --> 1224.340]  even two things.
+[1224.340 --> 1227.620]  You have to have the advantage basically put it like that deep manage and advantage is not
+[1227.620 --> 1233.140]  only the hard skills that you know how to do, sell, spreadsheet or read a P and all
+[1233.140 --> 1237.980]  those things that you do as a manager and go to the required for the job, but the soft
+[1237.980 --> 1242.780]  skills or the main thing is they're really going to separate you apart.
+[1242.780 --> 1247.460]  Even in interview before you even get to the hard, the soft skills, they basically hire
+[1247.460 --> 1248.940]  you by your soft skills.
+[1248.940 --> 1251.460]  How, how presentable are you?
+[1251.460 --> 1253.060]  How do you communicate those sort of things?
+[1253.060 --> 1254.060]  First impressions.
+[1254.060 --> 1255.060]  First impressions.
+[1255.060 --> 1256.060]  How to make an impactful person.
+[1256.060 --> 1257.060]  First impressions.
+[1257.060 --> 1259.260]  We're not going to program from the 10,000th of you.
+[1259.260 --> 1262.900]  We're not going to everything here, but we just just talk about the one at the top which
+[1262.900 --> 1266.540]  are the leadership skills going from clockwise.
+[1266.540 --> 1271.300]  We have, well, that was the number one five levels of, excuse me, the five parts of the
+[1271.300 --> 1272.300]  self.
+[1272.300 --> 1274.300]  We have the five parts of the ethics stuff after that.
+[1274.300 --> 1279.180]  Five levels, I mean, the five senses in the body and nine types of nonverbal communication
+[1279.180 --> 1280.540]  which we're going to talk about today.
+[1280.540 --> 1284.340]  Talk about the four principles of balance, five levels of thinking and then the six principles
+[1284.340 --> 1286.860]  of mastering this entire entire program.
+[1286.860 --> 1292.300]  So it's imperative to understand that all of this is science based and it's been proven
+[1292.300 --> 1297.260]  over a number, a number, a number of many, many years over decade as a matter of fact,
+[1297.260 --> 1303.540]  excuse me, over two decades and just refined all the time, you got better and better.
+[1303.540 --> 1307.780]  So let's talk about nonverbal communication that you can use to increase your internal
+[1307.780 --> 1311.820]  and external communication with your clients, internal clients, external clients.
+[1311.820 --> 1316.020]  And the most important one is that you're going to need to understand and know today.
+[1316.500 --> 1320.180]  But let's talk about some of the information that's out there in the field.
+[1320.180 --> 1321.180]  Talk about the ability.
+[1321.180 --> 1323.940]  Let's actually look at many of these examples here.
+[1323.940 --> 1329.860]  So you see Steve Jobs here at the top left, the ability to communicate well as a central
+[1329.860 --> 1331.860]  informing and maintaining relationships.
+[1331.860 --> 1332.860]  We talked about that.
+[1332.860 --> 1338.060]  The also see Jeff Bezos here talking about 19 softs, 19 softs goes everywhere needs to
+[1338.060 --> 1339.060]  be successful, right?
+[1339.060 --> 1340.900]  19, we've got it about 42.
+[1340.900 --> 1343.100]  So if you can just earn those 19.
+[1343.100 --> 1344.100]  Awesome.
+[1344.100 --> 1346.740]  So in those 42, you're very separated.
+[1346.740 --> 1351.660]  So here, look at this top one here, soft skills help your career hit the big time, right?
+[1351.660 --> 1355.860]  And it said you'd be hard pressed to, it was going to be hard pressed to find conventional
+[1355.860 --> 1358.060]  skills that matter more than these, right?
+[1358.060 --> 1361.340]  And this is an article written by a monster contributor, right?
+[1361.340 --> 1362.660]  Monster.com.
+[1362.660 --> 1366.340]  And then it says, what are the best of what are soft skills and why are they important,
+[1366.340 --> 1367.340]  right?
+[1367.340 --> 1371.540]  There's other articles regarding why is it important to develop soft skills as many,
+[1371.540 --> 1377.260]  many articles of method of information out there about soft skills and how it is very,
+[1377.260 --> 1382.260]  even though it's intangible, it has a very tangible effect in your career.
+[1382.260 --> 1383.260]  Yep.
+[1383.260 --> 1388.300]  So start right the first one.
+[1388.300 --> 1391.380]  What is that face saying?
+[1391.380 --> 1393.100]  I love that one.
+[1393.100 --> 1395.100]  Facial expressions.
+[1395.100 --> 1402.780]  So official expression is one or more motions or positions of the muscle beneath the skin
+[1402.780 --> 1404.180]  of the face.
+[1404.180 --> 1410.420]  According to one set of controversial theories, these movements convey the emotional state
+[1410.420 --> 1413.900]  of an individual to observers.
+[1413.900 --> 1422.260]  So just by looking at me, you can tell if I'm sad or if I'm happy or if I'm like amazed
+[1422.260 --> 1424.060]  or shocked.
+[1424.060 --> 1430.420]  So the look on a person's faces often the first thing we see, even before we hear what
+[1430.420 --> 1433.100]  they have to say.
+[1433.100 --> 1435.340]  How important is that?
+[1435.340 --> 1438.700]  You know, you can look at me and say, well, you know, this person is approachable just
+[1438.700 --> 1440.660]  because I'm smiling.
+[1440.660 --> 1445.300]  And if I don't smile, you know, you probably stay away from me, wouldn't you?
+[1445.300 --> 1448.580]  And as a multi-unit manager, it's your job.
+[1448.580 --> 1452.140]  And it may not be written in your job description, but it's a soft skill that's there.
+[1452.140 --> 1458.060]  They need to learn how to utilize when you walk into the office, what you are saying,
+[1458.060 --> 1461.780]  which you communicate with your facial expression or what your eyebrows are saying because
+[1461.780 --> 1467.500]  of those small little minute things can tell a lot about your mood, a will tell a lot
+[1467.500 --> 1469.260]  about your mood to the person who's reading it.
+[1469.260 --> 1471.260]  And again, they aren't making adjustments.
+[1471.260 --> 1474.460]  So how many times do you walk through the door, all eyes on you?
+[1474.460 --> 1475.860]  How many times do you look up?
+[1475.860 --> 1480.660]  You now have the attention and you are communicating without saying anything yet before you say
+[1480.660 --> 1485.020]  good morning before you say, hey, Sherry, or for you say, hey, don't wear your subordinates
+[1485.020 --> 1487.620]  or your team members may be, you are communicating.
+[1487.620 --> 1490.580]  And then we talk about my personal, my personal questions too.
+[1490.580 --> 1494.940]  And the my personal questions, all those things you say unconsciously, subconsciously.
+[1494.940 --> 1500.020]  And be approachable because the faces, the first thing like you said, they see you walk
+[1500.020 --> 1506.140]  in a location at one of your locations and you have a big smile on, you know, your eyes
+[1506.140 --> 1509.860]  are just, you know, on them eye contact is amazing.
+[1509.860 --> 1511.820]  And you're off that cell phone.
+[1511.820 --> 1517.900]  That lets them know that you hear for them and you are approachable and you're ready
+[1517.900 --> 1521.940]  to coach and teach and develop and mentor them that day.
+[1521.940 --> 1522.940]  That's important.
+[1522.940 --> 1526.660]  So how actually can you ask here, how important is it to not be on the cell phone when you
+[1526.660 --> 1527.660]  come into the house?
+[1527.660 --> 1528.660]  Very important.
+[1528.660 --> 1529.660]  Very important.
+[1529.660 --> 1536.100]  You know, because how do you feel if you walk in somebody's house, you're a guest,
+[1536.460 --> 1537.100]  right?
+[1537.100 --> 1539.220]  You walk in and you're on the phone.
+[1539.220 --> 1543.020]  How is that going to make the people your hosts?
+[1543.020 --> 1544.940]  How is it going to make them feel?
+[1544.940 --> 1547.260]  That they're not important.
+[1547.260 --> 1549.300]  That you're above them, not important.
+[1549.300 --> 1550.940]  Hey, you know what you can wait?
+[1550.940 --> 1552.860]  I've got more important business.
+[1552.860 --> 1556.660]  But you're here to help your team.
+[1556.660 --> 1558.300]  Get off that darn phone.
+[1558.300 --> 1563.620]  Be approachable, be presentable, be likeable, you know, and show it.
+[1563.620 --> 1567.340]  Now one thing that I would do if I was on the phone, I would make sure I stay in my
+[1567.340 --> 1571.820]  car, finish up the conversation before I came in the office and or I stay outside the
+[1571.820 --> 1575.260]  door if I had some shade, out here in Arizona, especially in the summer.
+[1575.260 --> 1579.140]  I would just make sure that I am off of the phone when I walk in the office because now
+[1579.140 --> 1584.900]  I know that I'm going to get the attention of the people who are important to me, my
+[1584.900 --> 1585.900]  team members.
+[1585.900 --> 1588.460]  If I need to get back on the phone, if I need to call someone back and I make sure I
+[1588.460 --> 1592.180]  go to my office and I make the call back again after I meet my rounds.
+[1592.180 --> 1595.860]  So that's something that I, and that again, I see the facial expression.
+[1595.860 --> 1598.620]  There's one thing I know, there's one I come to be the office.
+[1598.620 --> 1600.820]  I look at their facial expressions.
+[1600.820 --> 1602.340]  Do I get a smile?
+[1602.340 --> 1603.340]  Do I get a hate granted?
+[1603.340 --> 1606.660]  Do I get a hate box or whatever that may be, right?
+[1606.660 --> 1611.040]  I look for that because now I'm assessing their mood and it's important for me to
+[1611.040 --> 1613.580]  understand their mood as well.
+[1613.580 --> 1617.380]  That will mandate a plethora of different things that's going to happen and transpire
+[1617.380 --> 1618.780]  throughout the entire day.
+[1618.780 --> 1619.780]  It sets the tone.
+[1619.780 --> 1620.780]  It sets the tone exactly.
+[1620.780 --> 1621.780]  For the rest of the day.
+[1621.780 --> 1622.780]  I'm covering the unsmiling.
+[1622.780 --> 1629.260]  I'm using my facial expressions to communicate a message and they're utilizing the same thing.
+[1629.260 --> 1633.980]  I may be just more cognizant and consciously thinking about having it at the top of mind,
+[1633.980 --> 1639.380]  the top of mind awareness, they may just do it automatically, subconsciously.
+[1639.380 --> 1642.980]  How much better would it be when you know how to do these things or utilize these things,
+[1642.980 --> 1647.260]  these tools appropriately at the right time and on purpose with deliberation?
+[1647.260 --> 1648.260]  Absolutely.
+[1648.580 --> 1650.340]  Next one to talk about is gestures.
+[1650.340 --> 1651.860]  How do you use hand gestures?
+[1651.860 --> 1656.060]  Hand gestures are going to be a good advocate for you as well.
+[1656.060 --> 1660.460]  To make a quick notification on the palms.
+[1660.460 --> 1664.620]  When you talk to people, they say when the palms are out, the thumbs are out.
+[1664.620 --> 1670.180]  It's more open and people are trusting you more because you're more open.
+[1670.180 --> 1674.540]  They're saying that when you have your palms towards you, it's more closed.
+[1674.540 --> 1679.780]  Now again, I do this and I have to be very cognizant of it because I do utilize my hands
+[1679.780 --> 1684.260]  on the top, where my palms are facing, especially if I'm in front of someone and I want them
+[1684.260 --> 1689.140]  to trust me and I want to be more open and I want to feel more free and be more authentic.
+[1689.140 --> 1695.260]  It's not, this is all based in me being authentic, not being fake about it.
+[1695.260 --> 1697.860]  But I utilize my hands a lot when I talk.
+[1697.860 --> 1702.980]  My palms, where my palms are centered, is very important.
+[1702.980 --> 1708.020]  So a movement apart of the body, especially a hand or a hand, a stressed idea or a meaning,
+[1708.020 --> 1712.580]  deliberate movements and signals again, key word, they're being deliberate.
+[1712.580 --> 1716.820]  Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to communicate, meaning without words,
+[1716.820 --> 1721.940]  conjectures, waving, pointing, utilizing fingers and interdicating numeric value, those
+[1721.940 --> 1725.260]  sorts of things as well.
+[1725.260 --> 1726.260]  Paralinguistics.
+[1726.260 --> 1729.420]  A lot of people don't know what that is.
+[1729.420 --> 1738.660]  So parallel linguistics relating to or denoting parallel language or the non-lexical elements
+[1738.660 --> 1742.180]  of communication by speech.
+[1742.180 --> 1747.380]  Paralinguistic refers to vocal communication that is separate from actual language.
+[1747.380 --> 1750.900]  I'm going to show you in a minute, draw a little bit.
+[1750.900 --> 1757.020]  This includes factors such as tone, a voice, your loudness, infection and pitch.
+[1757.020 --> 1761.420]  I'm going to say one sentence, one way and then I'm going to show you the variation.
+[1761.420 --> 1765.620]  So I'm going to say, what are you doing today, Granisun?
+[1765.620 --> 1766.900]  That's just simple.
+[1766.900 --> 1770.180]  What are you doing today, Granisun?
+[1770.180 --> 1772.660]  What are you doing today, Granisun?
+[1772.660 --> 1774.380]  I give you three different examples.
+[1774.380 --> 1778.100]  The pitch, the tone, the variation, the loudness and the way it says.
+[1778.100 --> 1780.380]  So that is parallel linguistics.
+[1780.380 --> 1782.860]  Or if you do like my mom's, what are you doing, Granisun?
+[1782.860 --> 1783.860]  Right now, let off.
+[1783.860 --> 1784.860]  She says it fast.
+[1784.860 --> 1786.980]  She says, speed is one other thing that we can utilize here.
+[1786.980 --> 1788.340]  And I think it's kind of shock.
+[1788.340 --> 1792.140]  I hope that will be the thing when you're able to kid, your parents come to you.
+[1792.140 --> 1799.460]  And so that's parallel linguistics again, a nonverbal portion of your communication as
+[1799.460 --> 1800.460]  well.
+[1800.460 --> 1805.420]  And also with parallel linguistics, you'll see, you'll notice when you're communicating,
+[1805.420 --> 1814.820]  if you are communicating clearly, softly and you know, just end the tone and the pitch
+[1815.180 --> 1817.700]  is more gentler.
+[1817.700 --> 1819.420]  People will listen more.
+[1819.420 --> 1825.540]  But if you're screaming and you, you're talking fast, the people you're communicating with
+[1825.540 --> 1827.180]  are going to totally miss the point.
+[1827.180 --> 1830.580]  Especially in a heightened emotional state.
+[1830.580 --> 1832.900]  We talk about five parts, the authentic stuff.
+[1832.900 --> 1836.820]  One being emotions, mind will imagination, emotions, intellect, understanding
+[1836.820 --> 1838.140]  peace,ness together with the emotions.
+[1838.140 --> 1841.380]  And you have to have the self-control over that because when you have the emotions that
+[1841.380 --> 1846.940]  are high or rising, you want to de-escalate because when you do start utilizing these
+[1846.940 --> 1851.100]  parallel linguistics, you can't shut someone out even though you want to communicate your
+[1851.100 --> 1852.100]  point.
+[1852.100 --> 1855.500]  And fatically, you can still shut people down and not communicate at all.
+[1855.500 --> 1856.500]  Absolutely.
+[1856.500 --> 1858.340]  So next one we're going to talk about proximics.
+[1858.340 --> 1861.900]  This is talking about body space, the personal space of the body.
+[1861.900 --> 1867.080]  So proximics are very, very important, especially, especially, especially nowadays with different
+[1867.080 --> 1871.260]  movements that are going around and different opportunities that raise up or that come about
+[1871.260 --> 1872.260]  the workplace.
+[1872.260 --> 1877.980]  It's really especially important to make sure you utilize proximics in a really certain
+[1877.980 --> 1879.340]  and deliberate way.
+[1879.340 --> 1883.260]  So this is the study of human body space and the effects of the population density of
+[1883.260 --> 1888.860]  violence, behavior, communication, social interactions, people refer to their need for personal
+[1888.860 --> 1889.860]  space.
+[1889.860 --> 1894.980]  So you can see how these two here are not, they have a very professional demeanor.
+[1894.980 --> 1897.580]  They have a very professional distance.
+[1897.580 --> 1899.900]  We talk about personal space, four feet.
+[1899.900 --> 1903.980]  When you're talking to someone, that's about great when you're doing a speech.
+[1903.980 --> 1904.980]  It's about 12 feet.
+[1904.980 --> 1907.780]  You have 12 or more feet, I should say.
+[1907.780 --> 1913.020]  And then anything closer than four feet, I would not utilize in the work environment, especially
+[1913.020 --> 1916.060]  if you're, if you chew our alone.
+[1916.060 --> 1919.220]  Now there may be times when you have to be closer to someone so they can hear you because
+[1919.220 --> 1921.580]  of the noise in the office or whatever.
+[1921.580 --> 1928.300]  Typically four feet is good enough so you can communicate appropriately.
+[1928.300 --> 1932.260]  Other than that, anything closer than that is going to be, it could be kind of lawsuit
+[1932.260 --> 1934.900]  within the organization and you don't want that.
+[1934.900 --> 1939.260]  So I'm always aware we touch our clients to make sure that proximics are there, four
+[1939.260 --> 1941.700]  feet, 12 feet, four feet or more.
+[1941.700 --> 1946.860]  Obviously I won't be 10 feet away talking to someone but making sure that I do have
+[1946.860 --> 1952.020]  their distance appropriate is going to be much more advantageous for you within your
+[1952.020 --> 1954.860]  organization and your team members.
+[1954.860 --> 1955.860]  Number five.
+[1955.860 --> 1963.780]  Next we have eye contact, like I said earlier, that is the most important type of nonverbal
+[1963.780 --> 1964.780]  communication.
+[1964.780 --> 1969.940]  This is the eyes are the mirrors to the soul, which they are.
+[1969.940 --> 1972.060]  So making eye contact.
+[1972.060 --> 1976.820]  And also do you know there's so many different types of eye contacts.
+[1976.820 --> 1984.760]  There is a lowering eye contact, there is intimidating eye contact, there is undermining
+[1984.760 --> 1985.960]  eye contact.
+[1985.960 --> 1990.980]  There are so many different ways I can't even go over all of them right now but eye contact
+[1990.980 --> 1995.540]  is important and the type of eye contact you're making.
+[1995.540 --> 1999.580]  So you have to be aware of that as well because that is your nonverbal communication.
+[1999.580 --> 2000.580]  Yep, absolutely.
+[2000.580 --> 2004.500]  And then even conjunction with that, the eye brows is the whole of the eye brow.
+[2004.500 --> 2010.540]  Like I said, there's a little bit of eye contact and weird look at how it's been accentuated.
+[2010.540 --> 2015.660]  That really tells a message about what how the person is feeling with their thinking.
+[2015.660 --> 2016.660]  Absolutely.
+[2016.660 --> 2019.820]  The next one is haptics, communicating through touch because it's going to be a very
+[2019.820 --> 2023.180]  good thing, it's going to be a very bad thing and the work environment can be good but
+[2023.180 --> 2028.860]  you have to make sure, make sure that you do not touch areas that will be considered more
+[2028.860 --> 2030.780]  of an emotional effect.
+[2030.780 --> 2031.780]  I.e.
+[2031.780 --> 2036.980]  Or as you say, more friendly social sexual effect.
+[2036.980 --> 2042.660]  Obviously there are certain areas that you want to touch but men, be careful in touching
+[2042.660 --> 2044.420]  women in certain areas.
+[2044.420 --> 2047.220]  The back is not good but Joe Biden just got in trouble for that.
+[2047.220 --> 2048.780]  It was all over the news.
+[2048.780 --> 2052.740]  Ladies said she felt uncomfortable because he came in with your touch on her shoulders.
+[2052.740 --> 2055.780]  The shoulders can be an area that's more intimate.
+[2055.780 --> 2061.900]  A hand, a palm, the way you touch someone from your palm, to their hand, palm to palm,
+[2061.900 --> 2063.780]  that's a little too intimate.
+[2063.780 --> 2067.660]  Palm on the hand, on the outside of the hand, I usually start from that even in a professional
+[2067.660 --> 2068.660]  environment.
+[2068.660 --> 2074.460]  So touching the forearm which is not as intimate, touching the bicep or whatever it may be as
+[2074.460 --> 2075.460]  intimate as well.
+[2075.460 --> 2076.460]  Just a gentle touch.
+[2076.460 --> 2077.460]  A gentle touch.
+[2077.460 --> 2078.460]  A gentle touch.
+[2078.460 --> 2079.460]  Exactly.
+[2079.460 --> 2080.460]  Now a girl.
+[2080.460 --> 2081.460]  Yeah.
+[2081.460 --> 2082.940]  A gentle touch.
+[2082.940 --> 2087.820]  If you want someone to be aware of you there or you want to see something to them, just
+[2087.820 --> 2089.500]  a gentle touch and be done with it.
+[2089.500 --> 2091.020]  Or you've been touching the finger, right?
+[2091.020 --> 2094.180]  Touching the finger is totally different from touching with the palm.
+[2094.180 --> 2100.220]  So touching with the finger, or the tip of the finger to get someone's attention or
+[2100.220 --> 2102.140]  to make sure that they know that you're there.
+[2102.140 --> 2103.140]  That's appropriate.
+[2103.140 --> 2104.140]  That's appropriate.
+[2104.140 --> 2105.980]  Touch with a whole entire hand on the back.
+[2105.980 --> 2108.380]  Yeah, like this is not good.
+[2108.380 --> 2109.380]  This is not good.
+[2109.380 --> 2110.380]  But I guess guide to guide.
+[2110.380 --> 2111.380]  Guide to guide.
+[2111.380 --> 2112.380]  Yeah, we've had each other exactly.
+[2112.380 --> 2113.380]  Exactly.
+[2113.380 --> 2114.380]  So guide to guide, we've had each other at the time.
+[2114.380 --> 2115.380]  We go first part of the palm and then touch it with those sorts of things and you know,
+[2115.380 --> 2116.380]  you make punch somebody and all that, whatever.
+[2116.380 --> 2127.380]  But still having tactics, how you touch someone, where you touch someone is very important.
+[2127.380 --> 2128.380]  And you can just do it.
+[2128.380 --> 2129.380]  And we do it.
+[2129.380 --> 2133.380]  Just to talk with this portion of it just alone, especially with organizations.
+[2133.380 --> 2134.380]  With the knee too, moment.
+[2134.380 --> 2135.380]  Exactly.
+[2135.380 --> 2137.380]  Especially with the knee too moving around.
+[2137.380 --> 2138.380]  Next one is appearance.
+[2138.380 --> 2139.380]  Appearance.
+[2139.380 --> 2142.380]  Yes, it all.
+[2142.380 --> 2147.860]  Appearance, the way someone looks, our choice of color, clothing, hairstyle, other factors
+[2147.860 --> 2149.380]  affecting appearance.
+[2149.380 --> 2155.620]  According to what people see when they first set eyes on you.
+[2155.620 --> 2161.660]  Judgments about your personality and abilities are going to be conducted right away.
+[2161.660 --> 2166.380]  And that's how they conclude the way you look before you open your mouth.
+[2166.380 --> 2167.380]  They've already made judgment.
+[2167.380 --> 2168.380]  Absolutely.
+[2168.380 --> 2170.380]  And it has lots of other appearance.
+[2170.380 --> 2174.380]  It has a lot to do with your appearance, clothing you're wearing, how you're groomed, how
+[2174.380 --> 2175.380]  you're not in room.
+[2175.380 --> 2182.140]  Those nonverbal communication skills cues, I should say, say a lot to another person about
+[2182.140 --> 2183.380]  how you feel about yourself.
+[2183.380 --> 2187.580]  What you think about yourself, what you think about them, what you respect them to address
+[2187.580 --> 2190.540]  up nice for the occasion and those sorts of aspects.
+[2190.540 --> 2194.820]  So you're communicating a lot through your appearance.
+[2194.820 --> 2203.820]  So we had a seminar yesterday and there was a question that was raised, this IT movement,
+[2203.820 --> 2209.660]  we've got companies that don't require you to dress up.
+[2209.660 --> 2211.460]  So they're really dressed down.
+[2211.460 --> 2216.140]  They were talking about why should we go dressed up if we have to have a meeting.
+[2216.140 --> 2220.060]  And what is it that we said?
+[2220.060 --> 2230.300]  Is that when you are no matter where you're at, the way you present yourself shows your
+[2230.300 --> 2236.580]  status in the company, your appearance says it all.
+[2236.580 --> 2241.980]  You know, yeah, sure Steve Jobs dresses up in what turn next.
+[2241.980 --> 2242.980]  And James.
+[2242.980 --> 2243.980]  And James?
+[2243.980 --> 2247.540]  But you know, I mean, he's, we're not him.
+[2247.540 --> 2250.540]  We still have to find our place in society.
+[2250.540 --> 2255.820]  But even we've always been told, dress up for the next position.
+[2255.820 --> 2262.140]  So no matter if you're a store manager, dress like a district manager, dress up as a
+[2262.140 --> 2266.620]  regional manager, region manager, carry yourself like a regional vice president.
+[2266.620 --> 2267.620]  Why shouldn't you?
+[2267.620 --> 2270.460]  Because that's the next position you want.
+[2270.460 --> 2271.460]  Appearances are everything.
+[2271.460 --> 2278.780]  You should, you should walk at a location, you know, I've been many a times and you probably
+[2278.780 --> 2280.180]  might find it as well.
+[2280.180 --> 2285.260]  You might be working at a location or you might be even shopping somewhere and they'll come
+[2285.260 --> 2287.740]  and ask you, are you the manager here?
+[2287.740 --> 2292.220]  Because just the way you carry yourself, maybe just the way you look.
+[2292.220 --> 2295.060]  So appearances say it all.
+[2295.060 --> 2296.060]  Dress for success.
+[2296.060 --> 2300.260]  You heard that a million times and dress for the next level up.
+[2300.260 --> 2301.260]  Next level up.
+[2301.260 --> 2302.260]  There you go.
+[2302.260 --> 2303.700]  Nuff said there.
+[2303.700 --> 2306.460]  Take that into consideration for sure.
+[2306.460 --> 2311.300]  So this may be apropos depending on where you are, where you work, that the symbols and
+[2311.300 --> 2315.740]  artifacts, objects, images, all and tools that can be used to communicate nonverbal as
+[2315.740 --> 2317.260]  well, your position, i.e.
+[2317.260 --> 2320.140]  This gentleman here, you assess a doctor, right?
+[2320.140 --> 2325.380]  It's white toe with the steps of scope and everything else to make sure that it's communicating
+[2325.380 --> 2326.740]  the right message.
+[2326.740 --> 2333.820]  If I had on a black uniform with a vest and had a gun and had the walkie talkie, that
+[2333.820 --> 2336.740]  sort of thing in the body camera, you might assess that I'm a police.
+[2336.740 --> 2337.740]  Ninja.
+[2337.740 --> 2338.740]  Ninja.
+[2338.740 --> 2339.740]  Ninja.
+[2339.740 --> 2345.020]  And that can, the position does come with a certain authority depending on who, where you're
+[2345.020 --> 2347.020]  are and your profession.
+[2347.020 --> 2354.300]  But artifacts and tools, artifacts are also utilized to communicate and message, right?
+[2354.300 --> 2359.300]  And then you can also convey other ideas, beliefs, confession, or professions, excuse me,
+[2359.300 --> 2364.380]  ideas, beliefs, like for instance, you see people they wear the pink ribbon, right?
+[2364.380 --> 2365.700]  What do you think about that, right?
+[2365.700 --> 2368.540]  That's the cancer movement, you know, it's cancer month.
+[2368.540 --> 2370.340]  I think that's a tool for something around there, right?
+[2370.340 --> 2375.140]  It's like that, but you have, it is pink and it starts to, that's a symbol for that
+[2375.140 --> 2380.620]  type of communicating, not only that you support that movement, that idea.
+[2380.620 --> 2385.100]  Like constructing workers have these bright orange shirts, so, or vests, so you can see
+[2385.100 --> 2386.100]  them from the distance.
+[2386.100 --> 2387.980]  You can see me from the distance, but you're not.
+[2387.980 --> 2390.620]  Orange cones, you know, there's construction going on.
+[2390.620 --> 2392.980]  So there's so many symbols out there.
+[2392.980 --> 2394.940]  Body language.
+[2394.940 --> 2401.460]  Body language, the process of communicating nonverbaly through conscious or unconscious gestures
+[2401.460 --> 2408.780]  and movements, where physical behaviors, as opposed to words, are used to express or convey
+[2408.780 --> 2410.300]  information.
+[2410.300 --> 2413.860]  You know, it's like time out.
+[2413.860 --> 2417.900]  You know, let me say what the heck's going on?
+[2417.900 --> 2422.220]  There's so many other gestures, so just your body language speaks volumes.
+[2422.220 --> 2428.020]  I could be, this is body language, I'm slouching, and I'm not happy when I'm sitting up straight,
+[2428.020 --> 2431.740]  I'm happy, I feel good about myself, I'm confident.
+[2431.740 --> 2438.180]  So you will see this once you make yourself aware of your and other people's body language,
+[2438.180 --> 2439.180]  it speaks volumes.
+[2439.180 --> 2440.180]  Exactly.
+[2440.180 --> 2445.500]  And understanding body language is going to be very, very useful for you as a manager,
+[2445.500 --> 2451.060]  understand exactly and critical as a manager, because now you're starting to assess and read
+[2451.060 --> 2454.780]  the other person's body language, you're going to do something, they have a big goal,
+[2454.780 --> 2458.980]  they may be able to do it, that particular directive.
+[2458.980 --> 2463.100]  And so now you want to, you know, have a cut at them and say, okay, let's talk about
+[2463.100 --> 2467.260]  why this may be troublesome for you, and let's see how we can work through this together.
+[2467.260 --> 2473.020]  So understanding body language is tremendously important, tremendously important.
+[2473.020 --> 2479.580]  So those are the nine types of nonverbal communication that we, that we want to accentuate
+[2479.580 --> 2486.020]  today, making sure that you have an idea and opportunity to utilize these appropriately.
+[2486.020 --> 2492.020]  Now, we didn't dive into them too much individually, but we did make sure that we cover them
+[2492.020 --> 2493.020]  so that you're aware.
+[2493.020 --> 2497.540]  And so always about, you know, our process is all about understanding communication confidence
+[2497.540 --> 2500.580]  first, and then it's about increasing communication confidence.
+[2500.580 --> 2504.700]  So what we wanted you to do is understand what those nine, those critical nine types of
+[2504.700 --> 2506.660]  nonverbal communication are.
+[2506.660 --> 2508.780]  So now you can utilize, always be aware of it.
+[2508.780 --> 2512.940]  Now you're going to go into the increasing phase of your learning and understand how to
+[2512.940 --> 2516.740]  increase and become more aware, how to utilize it strategically.
+[2516.740 --> 2522.580]  As we saw the word here deliberately, and we had a couple of different slides, but deliberately
+[2522.580 --> 2527.580]  understanding what and how to use your nonverbal communication.
+[2527.580 --> 2529.940]  You're going to use it all the time.
+[2529.940 --> 2534.620]  It's the majority of the talk that you say, or even don't say, I should say, this is what
+[2534.620 --> 2538.300]  you communicate and put it like that because nonverbal's not you're not saying anything,
+[2538.300 --> 2539.300]  but you are.
+[2539.300 --> 2548.220]  But so making sure that you utilize this appropriately, it's going to be sufficient for your position.
+[2548.220 --> 2551.420]  So understanding that now I want to get into some of the Q&A.
+[2551.420 --> 2555.900]  We're going to answer a few questions and then we'll get into how you can get more information
+[2555.900 --> 2559.020]  across and never leave people hanging out with you.
+[2559.020 --> 2562.380]  There were quite a few questions and I've written them down.
+[2562.380 --> 2566.620]  So the very first question, Grenison has been asked was about the first one, the facial
+[2566.620 --> 2573.220]  expressions, is that why do people talk about poker face and how can you, if somebody
+[2573.220 --> 2576.700]  has a lot of expression, how can you be poker face?
+[2576.700 --> 2577.700]  Yeah.
+[2577.700 --> 2581.620]  You are in manager sometimes having too much expression can be a detriment.
+[2581.620 --> 2583.340]  So you want to make sure you have balance.
+[2583.340 --> 2584.740]  You have to balance that out.
+[2584.740 --> 2586.260]  And so poker face, what's the poker face?
+[2586.260 --> 2589.040]  You play poker, you also know that there's a poker face, there's some face that's kind
+[2589.040 --> 2595.140]  of, that's as there's an external environment going on that's pretty pressurized, but you're
+[2595.140 --> 2600.860]  just very calm and collected or you're not showing any expression or any emotion or anything.
+[2600.860 --> 2602.100]  That's the poker face.
+[2602.100 --> 2604.380]  So should you use the poker face and management?
+[2604.380 --> 2606.500]  Yeah, you can use the poker face and management.
+[2606.500 --> 2608.460]  It's good to utilize it when you're negotiating.
+[2608.460 --> 2612.820]  It's good to utilize it when you hear something that is shock, that has shock value, a shock
+[2612.820 --> 2617.140]  value, and you don't want to react with eyebrow movement or something that's going to give
+[2617.140 --> 2618.980]  away a micro expression.
+[2618.980 --> 2623.100]  So making sure you understand how to utilize a poker face, it's all about listening to
+[2623.100 --> 2628.820]  and then to therefore taking personal control, personal inventory and self control over
+[2628.820 --> 2632.300]  that expression that tends to come out.
+[2632.300 --> 2635.980]  And I can't see myself, someone says something and I'm like, oh, you know, I react, but
+[2635.980 --> 2638.020]  it's a conscious thing that just happens.
+[2638.020 --> 2641.140]  So hopefully I'm going to answer your question.
+[2641.140 --> 2645.340]  The next question I have is hand movements.
+[2645.340 --> 2649.100]  She said that when she talks, she makes a lot of movements.
+[2649.100 --> 2652.260]  Two is too many movements, not appropriate?
+[2652.260 --> 2655.260]  Yeah, you can become distracting if you have too many movements.
+[2655.260 --> 2656.940]  So you have to learn how to be still.
+[2656.940 --> 2658.940]  And again, that's a learn to behavior.
+[2658.940 --> 2661.980]  Everything we talk about today and everything we talk about in our program is a learn
+[2661.980 --> 2662.980]  to behavior.
+[2662.980 --> 2668.180]  And so learning how to have the self control, that's one of them without a routine, self control
+[2668.180 --> 2670.580]  over the body is important.
+[2670.580 --> 2672.420]  But you have to become totally aware.
+[2672.420 --> 2674.620]  You have to be extremely aware.
+[2674.620 --> 2678.460]  You have to be very cognizant of what you're doing in terms of movements.
+[2678.460 --> 2683.460]  So this time, as I answer this question, I move a lot less because I'm even bringing it
+[2683.460 --> 2685.820]  more so to the forefront of my mind.
+[2685.820 --> 2687.620]  But I do utilize my hands when I talk.
+[2687.620 --> 2690.900]  I love to utilize my hands when I talk to it to express more to it.
+[2690.900 --> 2693.820]  It helps me communicate more.
+[2693.820 --> 2697.300]  But if you have too many hands, gestures, it can become very distracting for the other
+[2697.300 --> 2698.300]  person.
+[2698.300 --> 2701.180]  So you have to be mindful of that learning how to use them again deliberately.
+[2701.180 --> 2709.060]  And during our different courses, we talk about this specific problem that people have.
+[2709.060 --> 2711.220]  A couple of things that we can give you.
+[2711.220 --> 2712.220]  Tips.
+[2712.220 --> 2715.500]  Number one, just leave your hands if you're sitting at a table.
+[2715.500 --> 2720.820]  Make it deliberate to just leave your hands on the table or in your lap.
+[2720.820 --> 2721.820]  And that's it.
+[2721.820 --> 2722.820]  Yeah.
+[2722.820 --> 2723.820]  Practice being still.
+[2723.820 --> 2725.820]  That's one of the unutilized.
+[2725.820 --> 2726.820]  We do that in a program.
+[2726.820 --> 2730.940]  But practice being still is something that's a lost art.
+[2730.940 --> 2738.100]  That was another question is that he said, when I am nervous, I tap my fingers or I move
+[2738.100 --> 2741.060]  my leg a lot.
+[2741.060 --> 2744.100]  Does that show nervousness or excitement?
+[2744.100 --> 2745.740]  But how do I control it?
+[2745.740 --> 2747.580]  Yes, it can show nervousness.
+[2747.580 --> 2750.700]  And it can show this excitement and you do want to control it.
+[2750.700 --> 2753.940]  And again, it becomes self-aware of what you are doing.
+[2753.940 --> 2758.900]  The self-awareness pieces is totally apropos and then having a self-control over that.
+[2758.900 --> 2762.460]  So when you're communicating, when you're sitting there and you have these fidgety movements
+[2762.460 --> 2766.940]  that are going on, you have to take personal inventory and stop it right then and there.
+[2766.940 --> 2767.940]  And it can be done.
+[2767.940 --> 2769.260]  You just have to be very aware of it.
+[2769.260 --> 2770.940]  You have to have the coach through that.
+[2770.940 --> 2774.940]  Most of the people that we deal with, even high-level executive, these are very seasoned
+[2774.940 --> 2775.940]  people.
+[2775.940 --> 2782.980]  They still have these little idiosyncrasies and they have to be control over that.
+[2782.980 --> 2785.180]  The ones that are trained are the ones that are good at it.
+[2785.180 --> 2788.860]  So if you're talking to your boss, if you're talking to someone really high level or
+[2788.860 --> 2792.220]  you're talking to someone in the organization, look at their body language.
+[2792.220 --> 2796.020]  See if they're tapping, see if they have the foot bounce or whatever going on, knee
+[2796.020 --> 2798.020]  bounce or whatever that may be.
+[2798.020 --> 2802.260]  And see, in most of the times, they've been trained how to not do that.
+[2802.260 --> 2807.300]  People who have that more executive presence mitigate those things, even though they want
+[2807.300 --> 2808.300]  to do that.
+[2808.300 --> 2809.300]  Very good.
+[2809.300 --> 2811.020]  Thank you.
+[2811.020 --> 2815.220]  The next one is, I've been told that I am monotone.
+[2815.220 --> 2818.700]  I have no emotions in my voice.
+[2818.700 --> 2820.260]  Can I handle this one?
+[2820.260 --> 2825.660]  So the way to correct that, and we just did a seminar on this one as well, actually,
+[2825.660 --> 2832.620]  that was one of their homework assignments, was videotape yourself, record.
+[2832.620 --> 2837.580]  Record a conversation, maybe have different conversations and go back and self correct.
+[2837.580 --> 2844.220]  When you see yourself talking in a certain way and then go back and make it more dramatic
+[2844.220 --> 2851.100]  and use different variations like we talked about earlier is the parallel linguistics,
+[2851.100 --> 2860.020]  the pitch, the tone, the speed, and also the warmth in what you say.
+[2860.020 --> 2866.140]  So record yourself, listen, record, do it several times and see how it improves.
+[2866.140 --> 2867.460]  Did you want to add something to it?
+[2867.460 --> 2869.220]  I was going to capitalize on what you said.
+[2869.220 --> 2873.660]  That's a very good way to really give an assessment of yourself as a record yourself.
+[2873.660 --> 2878.660]  We've heard something in natural habitat first and just do what you usually do.
+[2878.660 --> 2882.980]  And then record it again, but thinking about all the things that you want to learn how
+[2882.980 --> 2885.740]  to utilize and make them put those things in effect.
+[2885.740 --> 2890.660]  And you can see a clear difference in your nonverbal communication across the video.
+[2890.660 --> 2894.180]  The next one is I hate eye contact.
+[2894.180 --> 2905.460]  Anytime I come in contact with a superior or even my peer, I tend to look away.
+[2905.460 --> 2910.460]  So that stems from one lack of confidence, a lack of surety within yourself.
+[2910.460 --> 2913.580]  That's the main, that's the root cause of it.
+[2913.580 --> 2917.700]  And so you're communicating that too when people, they look at you and they notice that
+[2917.700 --> 2919.460]  you're not looking at back at them.
+[2919.460 --> 2923.060]  So you have to or you want to accentuate that.
+[2923.060 --> 2927.660]  One of the things that I learned how to do, and I was told by mentors, to start looking
+[2927.660 --> 2929.340]  in the mirror and talking to myself.
+[2929.340 --> 2931.940]  And that way it's going to feel very uncomfortable at first.
+[2931.940 --> 2933.980]  It's going to feel very, very weird.
+[2933.980 --> 2936.540]  It's going to feel like, why am I doing this?
+[2936.540 --> 2938.780]  Is really helping, but it does help.
+[2938.780 --> 2942.320]  Because if you can look at yourself and I and talk and have a communication, dialogue
+[2942.320 --> 2945.820]  with yourself about whatever it may be, it could be any random subject, any subject you
+[2945.820 --> 2946.820]  want it to be.
+[2946.820 --> 2948.940]  Just look at the mirror and talk to yourself.
+[2948.940 --> 2953.340]  And that will help you extend the eye contact when you're talking to peers, when talking
+[2953.340 --> 2955.740]  to people who have a higher authority than you.
+[2955.740 --> 2958.140]  That's tremendously important.
+[2958.140 --> 2960.420]  You want to learn how to do that.
+[2960.420 --> 2964.500]  The best exercise is to start looking at the mirror and talking to yourself.
+[2964.500 --> 2966.500]  You want to add to that?
+[2966.500 --> 2967.780]  No, that's perfect.
+[2967.780 --> 2968.780]  That's perfect.
+[2968.780 --> 2974.580]  Or even take somebody at home, maybe your boyfriend, your husband, your brother, your
+[2974.580 --> 2978.380]  sister, and talk to them, make eye contact.
+[2978.380 --> 2982.380]  People that you love, trust, and you see them every day.
+[2982.380 --> 2989.220]  It's easy to practice on them after you've spoken to yourself in the mirror a few times.
+[2989.220 --> 2998.100]  The next question is, and this, yeah, this is odd, but it can be taken care of.
+[2998.100 --> 3001.300]  I have sweaty palms, he says.
+[3001.300 --> 3004.100]  But I'm not always nervous, it's just my palms are sweaty.
+[3004.100 --> 3008.900]  So when I shake hands with someone, I don't want it to come across as nervous.
+[3008.900 --> 3009.900]  Right.
+[3009.900 --> 3015.780]  So and you'll see either older generations do this at times.
+[3015.780 --> 3020.740]  They will wipe their hand on their pants or whatever or their jacket before they shake
+[3020.740 --> 3021.940]  someone hand.
+[3021.940 --> 3022.940]  That does work.
+[3022.940 --> 3026.740]  Or if you know you go to shake someone hand, if you go to shake someone hand, take out a
+[3026.740 --> 3030.980]  handkerchief or something like that and wipe your palm or whatever.
+[3030.980 --> 3035.020]  One gentleman mentioned that he would put his hand inside of his jacket, he had a jacket
+[3035.020 --> 3036.020]  on.
+[3036.020 --> 3039.180]  He wiped on his shirt, someone thinking he's fidgeting in his pocket or something.
+[3039.180 --> 3040.860]  So he's totally disguising that.
+[3040.860 --> 3046.220]  Make sure it's just, it's not noticed.
+[3046.220 --> 3053.220]  Make sure that your hand, of course, isn't wet or sweaty because that does give people
+[3053.220 --> 3056.260]  an opportunity to take advantage if they read that the wrong way.
+[3056.260 --> 3059.620]  And you're coming to the gochis and table and table, you talk to your salesperson, you
+[3059.620 --> 3062.700]  often talk to people and you're trying to sell a problem service, you want to make
+[3062.700 --> 3064.340]  sure that that's going to give.
+[3064.340 --> 3065.340]  So hope that helps.
+[3065.340 --> 3067.380]  Yeah, beat us great.
+[3067.380 --> 3068.780]  Like you said, handkerchief.
+[3068.860 --> 3076.460]  I know that's like a lost artifacts, but people do carry them still and it just, it's
+[3076.460 --> 3082.660]  to me, a man with a handkerchief, you know, speaks that he's more elegant.
+[3082.660 --> 3084.540]  Also there is medication for that.
+[3084.540 --> 3088.900]  If you do have sweaty palms, you can go and get it treated.
+[3088.900 --> 3090.260]  So there is medication.
+[3090.260 --> 3091.260]  All right.
+[3091.420 --> 3092.260]  All right.
+[3092.260 --> 3099.700]  The last one I have here, well, this lady said that she is an IT as we were talking earlier
+[3099.700 --> 3103.740]  and is surrounded by a lot of men.
+[3103.740 --> 3110.740]  Sometimes she does not know their language is offensive to them.
+[3110.740 --> 3113.100]  How should she approach?
+[3113.100 --> 3114.100]  Well, yeah.
+[3114.100 --> 3118.140]  So if the language is offensive, you can definitely say something.
+[3118.140 --> 3125.140]  I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not
+[3125.140 --> 3131.140]  going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say
+[3131.140 --> 3136.140]  that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not
+[3136.140 --> 3141.140]  going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to
+[3141.140 --> 3145.140]  say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm
+[3145.140 --> 3152.140]  not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going
+[3152.140 --> 3159.140]  to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that
+[3159.140 --> 3166.140]  I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going
+[3166.140 --> 3196.140]  to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I'm not going to say that I
+[3196.140 --> 3202.420]  If it's that bad, get yourself transferred. You know, get rid of this situation if you can't fix it.
+[3202.420 --> 3206.420]  I have a question.
+[3206.420 --> 3215.060]  Thanks for all of the questions. One last thing to share with you is that we have set up a page for you guys to go grab more information.
+[3215.060 --> 3220.140]  In fact, we're going to utilize this on a monthly basis where you can continue to learn
+[3220.140 --> 3221.540]  these skill sets.
+[3221.540 --> 3227.980]  Remember, setting yourself apart, so we have a Ceduri Iantia.com worth that soft skills
+[3227.980 --> 3228.980]  training.
+[3228.980 --> 3229.980]  Here's what we have.
+[3229.980 --> 3235.300]  And here are some of the benefits that we know that not just from talking to our clients
+[3235.300 --> 3240.740]  and those clients and potential clients, but understanding how we also operate and how
+[3240.740 --> 3241.740]  it separates us apart.
+[3241.740 --> 3244.420]  So I definitely want to communicate some of the benefits here.
+[3244.420 --> 3249.340]  So if you look at what we have highlighted here, you want to outside new peers and this
+[3249.340 --> 3251.340]  is something you want to make sure you do.
+[3251.340 --> 3256.820]  This is how I fast paced my promotions in the work environment was that I have separated
+[3256.820 --> 3260.900]  myself from everyone else regarding my soft skills.
+[3260.900 --> 3262.580]  Some people have better hard skills training.
+[3262.580 --> 3266.700]  I've got jobs over people that have better hard skills because I had the soft skills and
+[3266.700 --> 3268.260]  I had the management skills.
+[3268.260 --> 3269.260]  I got the position.
+[3269.980 --> 3274.020]  You want to manage a team better recruit better subordinates and or team members.
+[3274.020 --> 3279.060]  If you're looking at the better communication, interior, inside of your department, that's
+[3279.060 --> 3281.780]  something you definitely want to learn how to utilize it.
+[3281.780 --> 3283.460]  It's all about communication.
+[3283.460 --> 3286.940]  You want to have an increased communication with internal external customers.
+[3286.940 --> 3289.540]  You want to increase your management operation skills.
+[3289.540 --> 3293.700]  Remember, we do cover 42 different leadership skills.
+[3293.700 --> 3297.140]  You want to master the recruiting process and this is where you guys mean comes in the
+[3297.140 --> 3298.140]  place.
+[3298.140 --> 3299.140]  She's master this recruiting process.
+[3299.140 --> 3301.140]  She can recruit many by any from anywhere.
+[3301.140 --> 3304.340]  She's going to be sharing information on how to do that.
+[3304.340 --> 3308.940]  That's going to be a skill set that you always have a pipeline of other individuals if you
+[3308.940 --> 3309.940]  need to fill a space.
+[3309.940 --> 3314.300]  If it comes, you know, having these really candidates, if it comes to someone leaving the
+[3314.300 --> 3319.180]  position, you have other people that you can call on and they trust you.
+[3319.180 --> 3323.020]  If you want to be a more influential manager, right now, corporate solar, what they call
+[3323.020 --> 3328.460]  influential communication, that's a big topic and it's very apricot for anyone who is
+[3328.460 --> 3329.780]  a manager.
+[3329.780 --> 3334.500]  If you want to master the skill communication, increase your confidence as a manager, you
+[3334.500 --> 3335.500]  always show it.
+[3335.500 --> 3337.500]  Remember communicating with confidence.
+[3337.500 --> 3339.900]  It doesn't matter what position you are.
+[3339.900 --> 3341.300]  You're a manager, supervisor.
+[3341.300 --> 3343.420]  You always show up with a level of confidence.
+[3343.420 --> 3346.780]  If you want to increase your confidence as a manager, be better.
+[3346.780 --> 3352.460]  It's all about getting better, not being stagnant, but continuing to increase your skill set
+[3352.460 --> 3356.780]  as a manager and as a personal professional reasons as well.
+[3356.780 --> 3358.740]  You want to track more opportunities.
+[3358.740 --> 3362.900]  Again, I have a lot of people with a corporate environment coming to me trying to hire me
+[3362.900 --> 3367.780]  and even as a consultant, making sure they say you want to join a team because I have these
+[3367.780 --> 3368.780]  skills sets.
+[3368.780 --> 3372.900]  I was very good at the hard skills, but my soft skills were, I used to say, off the charge
+[3372.900 --> 3377.940]  when I'm in front of people, I am authentic, but I know how to conduct myself to get the
+[3377.940 --> 3380.860]  opportunities and make it the opportunities.
+[3380.860 --> 3384.660]  If you want to learn from industry experts, we have some other people talking, learn from
+[3384.660 --> 3390.300]  industry best practices for managers, interact with other leading experts and thought leaders
+[3390.300 --> 3395.580]  and foster better relationships, mastering your soft skills that you need to get promoted.
+[3395.580 --> 3398.020]  Did this training program?
+[3398.020 --> 3399.900]  Here's what you get when the training program.
+[3399.900 --> 3402.780]  Let me just communicate this right quick.
+[3402.780 --> 3407.820]  You get one monthly soft skill training via webinar from YasminiNi, or which can record
+[3407.820 --> 3409.300]  that information that being available.
+[3409.300 --> 3410.300]  You can post it.
+[3410.300 --> 3415.340]  You have a login to the backend where you can assess and look at all the information.
+[3415.340 --> 3417.140]  We're going to record this training session.
+[3417.140 --> 3422.060]  If you miss out on a day where you actually could make sure we publish it on a date certain,
+[3422.060 --> 3426.380]  you can go view it at any time you want.
+[3426.380 --> 3430.780]  Now, on that, I like to utilize the input three downals because when I drive, some of
+[3430.780 --> 3434.940]  you have positions where you have to drive from store to store, it's the perfect opportunity.
+[3434.940 --> 3439.180]  When you have that windshield time to continue to increase your skill sets.
+[3439.180 --> 3442.660]  The first thing to do at the NP3 program, you can free download for that.
+[3442.660 --> 3446.980]  Then something that I didn't find that was very useful to me until I made one for myself
+[3446.980 --> 3450.900]  and now I'm standing in this to everyone else is this quick reference graphics.
+[3450.900 --> 3455.740]  Basically, we'll talk about a number of different things for this particular skill set.
+[3455.740 --> 3459.780]  We'll outline five to seven different things and we'll make a graphic of it so that you
+[3459.780 --> 3464.220]  can take a look at it down to your phone, take a look at it and you know what to do in
+[3464.220 --> 3466.700]  order to increase that particular skill sets.
+[3466.700 --> 3470.420]  For instance, you want to go to an office and be more influential or you're influential
+[3470.420 --> 3471.940]  client and be more influential.
+[3471.940 --> 3475.540]  Well, there's seven different things that we've already outlined, how you can be more influential
+[3475.540 --> 3477.060]  and you get that quick reference graphic.
+[3477.060 --> 3478.060]  It's a free download.
+[3478.060 --> 3481.420]  We talk about that subject matter, you're also going to get the download for.
+[3481.420 --> 3484.340]  And then also have access to the private Facebook community there.
+[3484.340 --> 3488.220]  You can also see other coaching things that we do with some other clients and you can
+[3488.220 --> 3492.780]  interact with conversations, try them in, create some of the videos, those sorts of things.
+[3492.780 --> 3496.460]  They have an opportunity to expand your knowledge and thought process.
+[3496.460 --> 3500.420]  We do bounce information off one another so it's an environment we can learn from the
+[3500.420 --> 3504.340]  other peers and people who are not in the industry because of things you can learn from
+[3504.340 --> 3508.820]  people who are not in industry taking in your industry, utilize it and make it yours.
+[3508.820 --> 3512.420]  And so when you enroll, we're going to give you three different webinars right off the
+[3512.420 --> 3517.540]  back so you'll be able to look at these webinars and your extended period of time, also download
+[3517.540 --> 3522.220]  the NP for each so you can listen to it and learn from those three webinars.
+[3522.220 --> 3526.220]  So if an instant value of over $300, I mean just right there.
+[3526.220 --> 3532.220]  And then so, and when you, 1997 a month, $20 a month.
+[3532.220 --> 3534.380]  And so there's no long-term contract.
+[3534.380 --> 3539.820]  You cancel anytime so if you join and you don't find its value, just cancel it.
+[3539.820 --> 3541.300]  It's not, we're not holding you hostage.
+[3541.300 --> 3542.300]  We don't believe in that.
+[3542.300 --> 3545.420]  But we do believe in giving very good information.
+[3545.420 --> 3547.500]  And I'm in the story with this.
+[3547.500 --> 3552.180]  I had an opportunity to learn something one time from a gentleman who did a presentation
+[3552.180 --> 3558.300]  on the stage and he left the stage and didn't tell me where else to get the information.
+[3558.300 --> 3562.460]  It's our promise that I would never do that as far as that's why I'm sending this off
+[3562.460 --> 3563.460]  for.
+[3563.460 --> 3568.500]  I know you cannot learn everything about communication confidence in one video.
+[3568.500 --> 3570.460]  You can't, it's just impossible.
+[3570.460 --> 3575.980]  It's been a very long journey in learning this, but you can increase, I've increased,
+[3575.980 --> 3581.260]  and you can increase your speed on how you learn it by centering yourself in a continuously
+[3581.260 --> 3582.260]  learning environment.
+[3582.260 --> 3584.060]  So, we're providing this for you.
+[3584.060 --> 3586.980]  Yes, me and I will be there to help you coach you.
+[3586.980 --> 3588.900]  We're always accessible.
+[3588.900 --> 3592.780]  So when you join in, you also get information on how you can contact us directly.
+[3592.780 --> 3596.420]  We're also linked in as you will see with the group.
+[3596.420 --> 3598.820]  So love to have you in the program.
+[3598.820 --> 3601.340]  We have people already in the program already signed up.
+[3601.340 --> 3607.980]  So if you want to continue to learn and position yourself as a better manager, get that next
+[3607.980 --> 3611.020]  promotion, then this is the right opportunity for you.
+[3611.020 --> 3615.140]  You know, I wish I had this when I was in retail.
+[3615.140 --> 3618.860]  You know, so many things come at you and there's so many times that you can't go to your
+[3618.860 --> 3619.860]  boss.
+[3619.860 --> 3623.380]  You can always reach out and you know tap information.
+[3623.380 --> 3624.380]  We'll always be here for you.
+[3624.380 --> 3625.860]  I'll be here for you.
+[3625.860 --> 3627.260]  Anything that you need.
+[3627.260 --> 3630.100]  So we, you have all the information.
+[3630.100 --> 3634.220]  Hope you enjoyed today and we'll be back with more information next month.
+[3634.220 --> 3635.220]  Yes.
+[3635.220 --> 3636.220]  Thanks so much.
+[3636.220 --> 3637.220]  We'll talk to you later.
+[3637.220 --> 3638.220]  Thank you.
+[3638.220 --> 3639.220]  Bye-bye.
+[3641.020 --> 3642.020]  Bye-bye.

transcript/webinar_lUg2bTQhp3M.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,521 @@
+[0.000 --> 4.800]  When I came to America as a refugee, I didn't speak English.
+[4.800 --> 9.200]  But the one thing that I could rely on is body language.
+[9.200 --> 14.500]  And so for the next five decades, I studied nonverbal communications.
+[14.500 --> 16.500]  And that's what I hope to share with you.
+[22.000 --> 25.000]  So today we have my name is Nadia Aide.
+[25.000 --> 29.300]  I am co-founder and CEO of Body Language Academy.
+[29.400 --> 31.000]  This is David Steven.
+[31.000 --> 35.000]  He is a partner and senior mentor on the program.
+[35.400 --> 41.000]  And then we have the one and only world leading body language expert,
+[41.800 --> 45.600]  Joan of R.O. also best selling author.
+[46.100 --> 51.800]  He will be answering all of your or as many questions as we can get through today.
+[52.300 --> 57.100]  I will be following the life fee and also I've looked through all of the questions
+[57.100 --> 59.900]  that you have sent in beforehand.
+[59.900 --> 62.100]  We are very excited about that.
+[63.900 --> 64.400]  Yes.
+[64.400 --> 64.900]  Thanks Nadia.
+[64.900 --> 66.900]  And I'm coming from Australia.
+[66.900 --> 68.500]  We've got a bit of an international mix here.
+[68.500 --> 69.800]  I'm coming from Australia.
+[69.800 --> 72.400]  Nadia is joining us in Denmark and of course, Joe,
+[72.400 --> 75.100]  you're coming us to us from Florida.
+[75.100 --> 76.100]  How are you?
+[76.100 --> 76.900]  How are you today?
+[79.600 --> 83.600]  Well, I'm I'm it's a pleasure to be here.
+[84.100 --> 87.100]  As you know, it was it was a touching go there,
+[87.100 --> 90.600]  whether we would be able to to get together today,
+[90.600 --> 92.400]  but I'm glad we're we're all together.
+[92.400 --> 98.400]  I'm glad everything is working and I'm glad so many people could join us.
+[99.900 --> 104.900]  We look forward to these events because it gives us a great opportunity
+[104.900 --> 109.100]  to share our knowledge and our experience
+[110.100 --> 112.300]  in this wonderful area of non-verbals.
+[112.800 --> 116.800]  And if you haven't noticed by now, especially this year,
+[116.800 --> 121.800]  how much more we are dependent on the study of body language,
+[121.800 --> 123.800]  I get messages every day.
+[123.800 --> 127.300]  In fact, all three of us get messages every day about,
+[127.300 --> 130.300]  I can't read people online or you know,
+[130.300 --> 132.300]  I don't see the same information.
+[132.300 --> 135.300]  And I think for the first time,
+[135.300 --> 141.300]  people are really realizing how important body language is
+[141.300 --> 143.800]  both to understand each other,
+[143.800 --> 146.800]  but to also communicate effectively.
+[148.300 --> 149.300]  Yeah, that's great.
+[149.300 --> 152.800]  And as Nadia mentioned, we've had lots of questions.
+[152.800 --> 156.300]  Thank you for everyone that sent questions in prior to the webinar.
+[156.300 --> 159.300]  We literally have dozens and dozens of questions.
+[159.300 --> 165.300]  And we can already see some people posting questions as we as we kick off today.
+[165.300 --> 167.300]  Apologize up front.
+[167.300 --> 170.300]  There is, you know, we could spend hours here and still not get through
+[170.300 --> 176.800]  everybody's questions, but we're going to do our best to answer some of the key ones that have come up,
+[176.800 --> 181.800]  that people have already submitted and ones that you're posting at the moment.
+[181.800 --> 185.300]  So we thought we would start Joe.
+[185.300 --> 192.800]  A lot of people have been asking about virtual meetings and COVID and mask wearing and that sort of area.
+[192.800 --> 198.300]  So to start with, we're going to have a very quick poll to get people involved.
+[198.300 --> 201.300]  And I'll just post it now.
+[201.300 --> 203.800]  And I am seeing all of your questions.
+[203.800 --> 206.800]  If possible, please type in which country you're from.
+[206.800 --> 212.300]  That's always interesting as we have people joining in from all over the world.
+[212.300 --> 213.300]  Yeah.
+[213.300 --> 223.300]  And so you can see the poll there and it's a question around how confident are you in presenting yourself online during teleconferencing such as a zoom meeting?
+[223.300 --> 225.300]  And what are we talking about there?
+[225.300 --> 230.300]  We present yourself your setup and how you are interacting with others.
+[230.300 --> 236.300]  Are you confident, which would be 10 or are you not confident, which would be a level one?
+[236.300 --> 239.300]  So please jump in and vote in that poll.
+[239.300 --> 247.300]  We'd love to see how people are feeling about their ability to present in the zoom world.
+[247.300 --> 254.300]  And what people are doing that, Joe, I guess you're doing a lot of, you're used to fly all around the world and do lots of presentations.
+[254.300 --> 259.300]  But I guess these days you're doing more and more via zoom as well.
+[259.300 --> 262.300]  How are you finding that experience?
+[262.300 --> 277.300]  Well, I think, you know, I think the first few months of, you know, the February, March, April of last year was a was a shock for everybody because, you know, I was used to doing maybe 40 events worldwide.
+[277.300 --> 289.300]  And so that was a change for me, but it was also a change for a lot of companies, you know, it seems like a long time ago, but just a year ago companies didn't know how we were going to have training.
+[289.300 --> 298.300]  How are we going to mentor each other? How are we going to maintain, you know, that collegial, a sprit the core of the organization.
+[298.300 --> 301.300]  How are we going to liaize with each other?
+[301.300 --> 310.300]  And, you know, and this shift eventually came to one of the platforms that were on, which is, which is zoom.
+[310.300 --> 326.300]  But that, that didn't take away the problem that quickly arose. And that is that most of us weren't hired to do a performance.
+[326.300 --> 338.300]  We were hired to do a presentation, but the higher standard that quickly evolved was going from presenting to performing.
+[338.300 --> 347.300]  And, you know, you and I have discussed this many times, David, where you get on a zoom call.
+[347.300 --> 353.300]  And some people are well lit, some people aren't, some people you can't hear them.
+[353.300 --> 360.300]  Some are, you know, too close to the camera and so forth.
+[360.300 --> 374.300]  And how to get people to engage from going to a room where maybe there's 2,500 people present as I was used to.
+[374.300 --> 382.300]  And now I'm talking to a tiny little camera and my gestures have to go from way out here to here.
+[382.300 --> 401.300]  And now I have to adopt everything that I've learned from actors, such as the need to slow down gestures in front of the camera, because anything that moves too fast is just too jittery to
+[401.300 --> 404.300]  be dynamic for television.
+[404.300 --> 410.300]  And just the fact that we have to have the right kind of lighting.
+[410.300 --> 417.300]  So for instance, for doctors who are doing telemedicine, they need to have warmer color lights.
+[417.300 --> 424.300]  Then let's say somebody else is just doing a video cast where they can have the brighter lights.
+[424.300 --> 432.300]  And it doesn't matter as much the fact that we need better microphones that the microphones that come with our devices just aren't good enough.
+[432.300 --> 435.300]  They don't capture the lower ranges.
+[435.300 --> 444.300]  And so this was a real eye opener for for a lot of people. And of course, a lot of people were saying, well, what about how we dress.
+[444.300 --> 448.300]  And how we gesture and how do we know they're being honest.
+[448.300 --> 457.300]  Had a company contact me and say, you know, we do five, six, seven, eight interviews of candidates before they're hired.
+[457.300 --> 467.300]  But those used to be live. We used to even fly them in. But now, how do we do that when we can only see the face and we can't see the hand.
+[467.300 --> 480.300]  It's been a, it's been a real challenge. I think it'll continue to be a real challenge because as not you and I were talking yesterday, the future is going to be a hybrid.
+[480.300 --> 487.300]  And in some organizations, we're going to continue to see the zoom get together and so forth.
+[487.300 --> 497.300]  And in others where there's a high degree of mentoring and innovation that's required, you're going to have more face to face meetings.
+[497.300 --> 505.300]  But the one thing we know is we're not going back. We're not going back to the way it was before in its totality.
+[505.300 --> 523.300]  And now we realize the importance of body language. And then how do I convey, let's say you're in HR or you're a manager, how do I convey interest warmth, caring empathy over, over this virtual environment.
+[523.300 --> 527.300]  And that is, it's a challenge. Know that about it.
+[527.300 --> 533.300]  Well, let's share the results of the survey. You know, bring that up now. She results.
+[533.300 --> 551.300]  And so you can see there that, you know, there's it varies, but the average is sort of seven, which is reasonably, you know, confident, I guess, in the big scheme of things in terms of how people are feeling, which, which perhaps reflects the fact that people are doing this a lot more more often.
+[551.300 --> 575.300]  Well, when we did this the first time, if you remember David, the numbers were way different. The numbers that the, when we did this the first time, there was something like in the aggregate, about 60% or more of people felt uncomfortable with video conferencing.
+[575.300 --> 581.300]  And now that it over time, we see the numbers getting better and better and better.
+[581.300 --> 592.300]  But I dare say if we ask people to raise their hand and say, how many of you have been on a Zoom call, where there's more than six or eight people.
+[592.300 --> 601.300]  And there's there's always that one person that the image isn't right. The sound isn't right. The color isn't right.
+[601.300 --> 616.300]  And so, you know, there's, there's still a lot of factors there. And when we ask people, did you pick up on that behavior, did you, did you miss that, did you catch that.
+[616.300 --> 624.300]  It's interesting that, you know, we the professionals, when we look at it, we pick up on things that people are missing.
+[624.300 --> 643.300]  Those little things that, that people are missing, those are critical. Those are critical because, you know, this is, this is part of what the body language Academy teaches is that, yeah, it's easy if somebody raises their hand or coughs or, you know, it's blatant.
+[643.300 --> 654.300]  You can see it. But, you know, what happens when you're in a meeting and, you know, there's jaw shifting. What happens if, if all of a sudden there's ventilating behaviors.
+[654.300 --> 662.300]  And, you know, are we picking up on those, those little things on the lip compression, on the lip pull.
+[662.300 --> 678.300]  And then what do we do with that? What, what are we going to do with a critical information? Are we going to wait till the end of the conference or so it's, you know, I, I, I appreciate self self reporting.
+[678.300 --> 692.300]  I think when we dig deep and we ask, are you picking up on those things, you know, are you picking on the fact that at one point my left shoulder rose significantly higher than my right one.
+[692.300 --> 700.300]  And what is the justification for that? And if you're missing that in a meeting, especially in negotiations shame on you.
+[700.300 --> 711.300]  Because, you know, we're all in the people business, but to a certain extent, we're not just paid to talk to each other or to write to each other.
+[711.300 --> 726.300]  We're actually paid to observe each other. When you're negotiating, when you were evaluating a potential higher, when you are talking to someone else, you know, unless it's for social reasons.
+[726.300 --> 731.300]  Part of that equation is how well you observe them.
+[731.300 --> 740.300]  You know, I was talking to Joshua Wise, who wrote a great book on real world negotiations at Harvard.
+[740.300 --> 750.300]  And we were talking about the importance of body language and negotiations and it's, it's, it's the one thing you, you can't do without.
+[750.300 --> 766.300]  You know, how do you figure out when to jump in, when to object, when to go silent, when to raise your eye bow eyebrow, when to demonstrate that there's an issue here.
+[766.300 --> 771.300]  And we do that primarily nonverirably.
+[771.300 --> 785.300]  So, it's, and this is why I think, you know, the course has been successful is because for the first time, you know, our parents taught us to look.
+[785.300 --> 798.300]  But for the first time, we're being taught how to observe. And there's a, there's a galactic difference between looking and observing.
+[798.300 --> 817.300]  Those of us who fortunately have that capacity or have learned it along the way to observe, to break down and decode behavior, have such a tremendous advantage over others, because then we can make decisions more quickly, we can interact more quickly.
+[817.300 --> 822.300]  But certainly we can move on more quickly because we've already gotten the message.
+[822.300 --> 826.300]  And, and that's one of the advantages.
+[826.300 --> 835.300]  Yeah, thanks Joe. And you make a really point there it is, you know, being a good observer is key, but it's also a skill and something that that we can learn over time.
+[835.300 --> 844.300]  So Nadia, let's, let's go to you. What have we got coming in? If you've got any questions around this area that we can ask Joe now.
+[844.300 --> 855.300]  I certainly have got a great question here from Tahira. I think she's from the US. How do you gain trust and build rapport while on some business meetings.
+[855.300 --> 867.300]  Yeah, great, great question. And, and one that I saw increasing, well, we all did on this call last year.
+[867.300 --> 880.300]  You know, one of the things that I'm often asked about is rapport building. And we, you can complicate rapport building, or you can simplify it.
+[880.300 --> 885.300]  And as you know, I like to simplify things.
+[885.300 --> 896.300]  You know, how do we make people comfortable when they're around us? Well, we smile, we're collegial, we have a nice tone of voice, we tend to mirror each other.
+[896.300 --> 905.300]  We, we're gracious. We agree.
+[905.300 --> 917.300]  Usually we agree and add or we, we agree with what they say and we nod or acknowledge it. But then we, we say, well, could you look at it this way and so forth.
+[917.300 --> 933.300]  And so, I think that's a big secret to, to, to rapport building on online. But, and, but I think we, we make it more difficult because we're staring at a little button on a computer that we're not used to working with.
+[933.300 --> 962.300]  And what we have to realize is, don't forget the basics. Don't forget that your voice matters, that cadence matters, that smiling matters, that arching the eyebrows, when we greet each other matters, that holding ourselves quiet until the other person finishes speaking matters, that responding to questions immediately without a lot of
+[962.300 --> 979.300]  contortions of the face, throat clearing, looking in every direction. Those don't serve us well in, in conveying assurance, in conveying authenticity and so forth.
+[979.300 --> 993.300]  And in, in the end, it's, it's about the information that our body is transmitting our species, our species transmits in real time, our sentiments.
+[993.300 --> 1006.300]  We don't, we don't wait 30 minutes later and go, oh, that food was terrible. No, we, we're eating it and we're making faces.
+[1006.300 --> 1014.300]  We hear something we dislike and we're turning away from it. We cringe in real time.
+[1014.300 --> 1026.300]  And so our bodies, we evolved to transmit information silently because for the last 200,000 years, we have been surrounded by predators, large felines.
+[1026.300 --> 1048.300]  So we communicate quite exquisitely in real time nonverbaly, but we forget that. We forget that this is the principle means by which we can say to somebody else, hey, it's really good to see you or that's a great idea or, I don't know, there may be an issue with that.
+[1049.300 --> 1061.300]  There's the language, of course, but then there's the tone, what we call parallel language, and then there's the body language. Hmm, I have doubts. I have concerns.
+[1061.300 --> 1073.300]  So it's just a matter of using what you normally use, but making sure that even though you're talking to a camera that you continue to do that.
+[1074.300 --> 1078.300]  That's great. Any other questions to follow on?
+[1078.300 --> 1088.300]  Here's one around virtual meetings. How do you best read people via a webcam? What specifically should you look for?
+[1088.300 --> 1100.300]  Oh, well, you know, hopefully, yeah, no, good, good question. Hopefully their face isn't two inches away from the screen.
+[1100.300 --> 1110.300]  You know, you, you want to have enough space so that you can see at least the chest and the hands.
+[1110.300 --> 1117.300]  Obviously, if we're too close, then we're very limited in what we can see.
+[1117.300 --> 1128.300]  Always remember that the last 70 years of television has abituated us to where our faces should never be more than a fourth.
+[1128.300 --> 1131.300]  Certainly no more than a third of the screen.
+[1131.300 --> 1142.300]  Anything closer than that and we actually don't revile that we it doesn't settle well with us because we have been habituated by it.
+[1142.300 --> 1156.300]  And so keeping that in mind, well, what can we see? Well, ideally, you know, with enough lighting, you can see the eyes, you can see the globella, which furrows when we have issues, you can see the lips.
+[1156.300 --> 1164.300]  Hopefully, when we compress them or bite them, the chin, of course, the neck, but especially the shoulders, right?
+[1164.300 --> 1170.300]  Because you'll see, you know, if somebody has doubts, they'll go, you know, that kind of thing.
+[1170.300 --> 1176.300]  But we also, we know that the brain has a preference for seeing the hands. So we want to see the hands.
+[1176.300 --> 1201.300]  And, and if this is all that we can get, then this is what we're going to have to go with. I've, I've actually asked people to could you sit a little bit further back, because they were just so in my face that I just didn't want to look into their nostrils. So that's, that's the new norm.
+[1201.300 --> 1213.300]  That's fair enough. And how about people that join a meeting, but don't turn on their cameras, Joe, if you had many experiences like that, I know there was a question in the in the feed there.
+[1213.300 --> 1224.300]  And because every now and again, I think, you know, when we first started making these these zoom calls.
+[1224.300 --> 1247.300]  And obviously, you know, the more people that were engaged, the smaller this little squares begin, and then with my eyesight, they, they begin to, to disappear. And then I did an event, a virtual event in Milan, where there were 2500 people in attendance. And of course, at that point, you, you know, you can't show all those people.
+[1247.300 --> 1272.300]  I've grown accustomed to, to people just blocking it. I have to say, some people object to that, I don't, because somebody, especially in my case, where I'm observing the whole room, I'm observing what everybody's doing, I'm checking on everybody's blink rate, I'm looking at how often they touch their face.
+[1272.300 --> 1280.300]  I'm looking at what they're drinking, I'm looking at the Che Guevara poster behind them, I'm looking at everything.
+[1280.300 --> 1291.300]  The last thing I want is the distractions. And you know, it's okay if you know you're reaching for your cat, your son or daughter come into the room, by all means, attend to it.
+[1291.300 --> 1300.300]  So for me, I take no offense if they don't want to show their, show their face.
+[1300.300 --> 1313.300]  But I will tell you this, there is a benefit to showing our faces, because that's what we primarily have done for the last 200,000 years.
+[1313.300 --> 1324.300]  And this is hardwired in our, in our brains, that we get a lot of information from the face.
+[1324.300 --> 1337.300]  I'm always astounded when I, when I study children who are born blind, the first thing they want to do is they want to feel the face of the person that they're talking to, because they get information from that.
+[1337.300 --> 1349.300]  Now, how would they know that if they've never seen? And yet, and this is, you know, this is why it's so exquisite, it's because it's in our DNA.
+[1349.300 --> 1359.300]  That our faces convey not just something about our physiognomy, but also about our emotions.
+[1359.300 --> 1367.300]  And even a blind child knows to assess it and where to go for it. It's not like they go, can I feel your shoulder?
+[1367.300 --> 1375.300]  They, they've never seen a shoulder. They want to feel the face because that's what we're hired, hardwired for.
+[1375.300 --> 1389.300]  Now, it's a, it's a great point. And I think sometimes people also forget that showing themselves on screen is a chance for them to influence others through their own body language and how they're coming across. It's not just about reading others.
+[1389.300 --> 1394.300]  Exactly. If, you know, if you think it's just about words, well, just send them memo.
+[1394.300 --> 1407.300]  If you, you know, it's, it's not just about words and tone of voice. It's, you know, how do you convey caring? How do you convey, convey empathy?
+[1407.300 --> 1408.300]  Yeah.
+[1408.300 --> 1421.300]  How do you convey interest? If you, if you think it's just words, I, I, I have bibliographies, rooms of books that will dissuade you of them.
+[1421.300 --> 1429.300]  Thanks, Joe. Nadia, we probably got one more time for one more quick one before we move on to another topic.
+[1429.300 --> 1431.300]  Okay.
+[1431.300 --> 1442.300]  You want to stay on the topic? We just have so many great questions. Someone asked which part of the body gives most signals.
+[1442.300 --> 1453.300]  Let me consider that question. I, I would refrain that question.
+[1453.300 --> 1459.300]  Our bodies transmit different information.
+[1459.300 --> 1465.300]  Your face obviously transmits happiness, but so do your feet.
+[1465.300 --> 1471.300]  Tell the child they're going to Disney World and watch those feet. They get happy feet.
+[1471.300 --> 1477.300]  They're going to be a child that is shy or mournful and watch how the feet turn in.
+[1477.300 --> 1479.300]  How the legs come together.
+[1479.300 --> 1492.300]  Tell somebody that their, their, their purse is now missing and watch the space between their fingers disappears and the fingers curl up.
+[1492.300 --> 1497.900]  So it's not about which signals the most.
+[1497.900 --> 1508.740]  It's about what signals we can derive from different parts of the body because for instance
+[1508.740 --> 1518.020]  your elbow doesn't blush, but your cheeks do, your neck does, your skin changes temperature
+[1518.020 --> 1520.860]  in one to 50th of a second.
+[1520.860 --> 1525.340]  A minute you hear something negative, your skin, if you tend to blush.
+[1525.340 --> 1527.220]  So where would I look for that?
+[1527.220 --> 1533.340]  Well, I would look for it in certain parts of the face, but there's other parts I wouldn't.
+[1533.340 --> 1541.540]  I know that when I see something exquisitely beautiful, my pupils will dilate.
+[1541.540 --> 1544.740]  I have absolutely no control over it.
+[1544.740 --> 1552.300]  And yet if I see a threat, my pupils constrict so that the smaller aperture contributes to
+[1552.300 --> 1558.340]  a longer focal point.
+[1558.340 --> 1568.980]  So it really depends on what we want to derive from the communication or what we're trying
+[1568.980 --> 1573.020]  to observe.
+[1573.020 --> 1578.180]  Some people when they're under stress, they smoke more or they eat more.
+[1578.180 --> 1584.940]  Some people do a lot of lip compressing when they're stressed.
+[1584.940 --> 1589.540]  One of the things that I think you'll find, and I think a lot of people are listening
+[1589.540 --> 1595.580]  here or watching to see, well, what does this academy teach?
+[1595.580 --> 1602.140]  This academy teaches you how to break the whole body down to see, okay, what do we get
+[1602.140 --> 1603.420]  from the forehead?
+[1603.420 --> 1604.780]  What do we get from the ears?
+[1604.780 --> 1606.780]  What do we get from the neck?
+[1606.780 --> 1608.500]  What do we get from the feet?
+[1608.500 --> 1619.780]  I get all these people that sign up for these courses that want to talk about micro expressions,
+[1619.780 --> 1625.620]  but it's all facially focused, facial centered.
+[1625.620 --> 1631.060]  But when you talk about what about the feet, what about the hands, what about the knees,
+[1631.060 --> 1636.220]  what does it mean when you put your pocket, your hand in your pocket, but you leave your
+[1636.220 --> 1642.180]  thumb out or you hang your thumbs in your pocket, you leave the fingers out.
+[1642.180 --> 1645.380]  There's a big difference.
+[1645.380 --> 1652.820]  The only way to understand the nuances of non-verbals and to differentiate, by the way,
+[1652.820 --> 1659.100]  those that are universal from those that are cultural, is to study them.
+[1659.100 --> 1660.460]  These things you're not born with.
+[1660.460 --> 1666.540]  There's certain things you're born with, like how to smile and so forth, but the interpretation
+[1666.540 --> 1674.220]  of these behaviors, that's what sets this academy apart.
+[1674.220 --> 1680.020]  That's why it's not something you can finish in an afternoon.
+[1680.020 --> 1687.340]  It's not something you can finish as you both know, because you're both mentors.
+[1687.340 --> 1690.140]  It's something that takes weeks and months.
+[1690.140 --> 1696.780]  But then when you come out, you're not the same person that when you went in.
+[1696.780 --> 1697.780]  It's impossible.
+[1697.780 --> 1700.620]  You see the world totally different.
+[1700.620 --> 1703.020]  Yeah, thanks, Joe.
+[1703.020 --> 1712.780]  The big area we got a lot of questions around was baselines and how we look at people in
+[1712.780 --> 1713.780]  that context.
+[1713.780 --> 1719.260]  Nadia, do you have some questions that people have submitted around that baseline concept?
+[1719.260 --> 1727.300]  Yes, I've got Boris asking, Joe, how long does it take to establish a baseline of behavior?
+[1727.300 --> 1730.380]  All right.
+[1730.380 --> 1733.860]  Those are very actually profound areas.
+[1733.860 --> 1742.540]  So let's talk a little bit about baselines, because while at the same time, I am a champion
+[1742.540 --> 1754.140]  of establishing baselines, I am also well aware that some people have made it into something
+[1754.140 --> 1757.060]  that they really shouldn't.
+[1757.060 --> 1768.500]  And when I come into a museum and I see the statue of David or the Virgin Mary holding
+[1768.500 --> 1778.180]  the Jesus in her hands and so forth, I'm pretty sure I don't need baselines.
+[1778.180 --> 1785.860]  When you see two lovers, both tilting their heads at a cafe, they're both sipping coffee
+[1785.860 --> 1791.860]  and they're not talking to each other, let's chill out.
+[1791.860 --> 1795.660]  We don't need a lot of baselines.
+[1795.660 --> 1807.260]  We need baselines when we run into situations where perhaps because of the sudden change
+[1807.260 --> 1814.500]  in environment, you come into my office, I'm meeting you for the first time.
+[1814.500 --> 1821.020]  I need to figure out what you're all about.
+[1821.020 --> 1822.820]  And that takes time.
+[1822.820 --> 1832.100]  Now the thing about baselines is, I don't know how long you're going to take to relax,
+[1832.100 --> 1837.820]  because baselines it's about being able to read people when they are at the most relaxed.
+[1838.060 --> 1843.580]  Well, you know, one of the things I learned in the FBI is the minute they came in the FBI
+[1843.580 --> 1846.220]  office, they weren't going to relax.
+[1846.220 --> 1848.460]  You know, you'd ask him, are you okay now?
+[1848.460 --> 1849.260]  Yeah, I'm fine.
+[1849.260 --> 1850.700]  No, you're not.
+[1850.700 --> 1851.980]  No, you're not.
+[1851.980 --> 1853.980]  Your blink rate is really high.
+[1853.980 --> 1855.580]  You keep touching your neck.
+[1855.580 --> 1856.860]  You're ventilating.
+[1856.860 --> 1865.580]  All these things, circumstances affect the people in the room affect.
+[1865.900 --> 1875.180]  You know, you want to get to an ideal to where you sort of come as close as you can to a relaxed
+[1875.180 --> 1876.180]  situation.
+[1876.180 --> 1881.420]  But the one thing I've learned is, you know, one of the things we learned from the Heisenberg
+[1881.420 --> 1890.300]  principle is that if we intrusively look at effects, the experiment and it applies to observation.
+[1890.300 --> 1896.140]  If you've got two police officers or one FBI agent in a room, that person is going to be
+[1896.140 --> 1898.860]  nervous.
+[1898.860 --> 1902.180]  If they're breathing, they're going to be nervous.
+[1902.180 --> 1914.820]  So what I look for is approximating, okay, having a nice conversation where I'm not creating
+[1914.820 --> 1915.820]  any kind of stress.
+[1915.820 --> 1922.980]  We're talking about just general things, high school sports, anything else.
+[1922.980 --> 1929.140]  And just try and get a good read on them.
+[1929.140 --> 1936.380]  And then, you know, most people will reveal when they're psychological discomfort in some
+[1936.380 --> 1937.380]  way.
+[1937.380 --> 1942.340]  Now, some people, you see it a lot like Hugh Grant, the actor, you see a lot of eyelid
+[1942.340 --> 1943.340]  flutter.
+[1943.340 --> 1950.700]  Yeah, some people, you'll see a lot of lip biting, jaw shifting.
+[1950.700 --> 1952.460]  You collect that information.
+[1952.460 --> 1960.260]  And then, you know, it's a matter of detailing when I ask a question, how do they react to
+[1960.260 --> 1961.580]  it?
+[1961.580 --> 1970.260]  When they hear the question, when they process the question, when they answer the question,
+[1970.260 --> 1977.940]  then when they do the post answer reevaluation, because a lot of people will say, yeah, I
+[1977.940 --> 1979.260]  wasn't there.
+[1979.260 --> 1981.180]  And then they think about it.
+[1981.180 --> 1987.420]  And they go, well, I wasn't there for very long.
+[1987.420 --> 1988.660]  Ah, okay.
+[1988.660 --> 1992.820]  So they post event evaluation.
+[1992.820 --> 1996.540]  And so I look at the behaviors that are associated with that.
+[1996.540 --> 2004.500]  But let's not, let's not turn, you know, the baselines into something that's, that wears
+[2004.500 --> 2006.220]  us down.
+[2006.220 --> 2009.660]  Anytime you're intrusively observing, you're affecting baselines.
+[2009.660 --> 2011.140]  And that's the bottom line.
+[2011.140 --> 2014.980]  So just work with work with whatever you have.
+[2014.980 --> 2018.940]  You know, when you only have a few minutes to, as in my case, where I only had a few minutes
+[2018.940 --> 2025.980]  to access an intelligence officer, you know, it's like, wait, wait, please, I need, I need
+[2025.980 --> 2026.980]  your baselines.
+[2026.980 --> 2027.980]  You know, come on.
+[2027.980 --> 2029.940]  That's not going to happen.
+[2029.940 --> 2037.340]  You work with work with whatever you have, but just realize that your body language, if
+[2037.340 --> 2043.700]  you're anxious, if you are suspicious, that affects the other person.
+[2043.700 --> 2045.820]  That's probably even more important.
+[2045.820 --> 2048.460]  Great, good, good set of questions.
+[2048.460 --> 2049.460]  Yeah.
+[2049.460 --> 2050.460]  Thanks, Joe.
+[2050.460 --> 2055.940]  We, ah, we should probably talk, ah, a little bit about, you've mentioned the face already.
+[2055.940 --> 2061.620]  And I know, ah, it's, it's certainly, as you've said in context, it's one of many parts
+[2061.620 --> 2063.460]  of the body that we need to be observing.
+[2063.460 --> 2068.420]  Ah, but I know that you also talk about it in a little bit more detail.
+[2068.420 --> 2075.940]  In fact, I've got a picture of the, the face, ah, here that I'll share, um, more about
+[2075.940 --> 2081.740]  how you go about, um, looking at, ah, the, the face.
+[2082.460 --> 2083.460]  Yeah.
+[2083.460 --> 2087.780]  So one of the questions, um, that I'm often asked is, okay, so how does Joan of
+[2087.780 --> 2088.780]  R.O.
+[2088.780 --> 2090.260]  see a face?
+[2090.260 --> 2094.140]  Because most people, you know, when I was young, I was just, you know, I would look
+[2094.140 --> 2095.140]  at the face.
+[2095.140 --> 2100.260]  And, you know, in this case, you know, I, I, I think I would be sort of bedazzled by,
+[2100.260 --> 2104.140]  you know, this woman has white hair, ah, and so forth.
+[2104.140 --> 2109.500]  Or some people might look at the eyes or some people might look at the cheeks and, and,
+[2110.060 --> 2111.060]  and the lips.
+[2111.060 --> 2116.020]  Um, but, as I said, they're just looking.
+[2116.020 --> 2117.700]  They're, they're not observing.
+[2117.700 --> 2122.740]  You know, the way that I, you know, what we teach at the Academy and what you're going
+[2122.740 --> 2124.940]  to learn is how to break this down.
+[2124.940 --> 2134.140]  And, David, if you could click on, on, on, on, on that, you know, when, when we look at,
+[2134.140 --> 2139.380]  at, at someone, you learn that the first thing, you know, you, you, you, you,
+[2139.380 --> 2145.300]  you look at the whole body, you look at the face, but then we begin to break it down,
+[2146.260 --> 2149.820]  such as, what's on top of the hair?
+[2151.140 --> 2153.420]  Has the, has the hair been colored?
+[2153.420 --> 2154.900]  Is it well groomed?
+[2154.900 --> 2161.300]  Does it look like it has some sort of, ah, product that's, that's being used?
+[2161.300 --> 2166.500]  Um, is, is the, ah, is the hair, ah, just out of, out of control.
+[2166.500 --> 2168.220]  And if so, for what reasons?
+[2169.180 --> 2176.860]  Because this often talks to us about, ah, culture, it talks to us about whether the person,
+[2177.500 --> 2184.860]  is, is having, ah, maybe mental issues, ah, you know, with schizophrenia, we often see
+[2184.860 --> 2187.900]  very dirty hair, uncapped and so forth.
+[2187.900 --> 2193.980]  You know, we then come down to the forehead and we look for the stress lines that show what kind
+[2193.980 --> 2199.820]  of life they've had, how much exposure to the sun, we look at the temples, um, to see if they
+[2199.820 --> 2206.540]  throb, ah, to, to see if they are, ah, you know, ah, flush and so forth.
+[2206.540 --> 2210.940]  We look at the eyes to see, you know, are, are these manicured in some way?
+[2211.500 --> 2217.420]  Um, the globella, the little area between the eyes, which we tend to furrow, which babies at,
+[2217.500 --> 2222.380]  at three months recognize when someone is, is, is, is furrowing their, their foreheads,
+[2223.020 --> 2227.260]  working our way down to, to the nose, then a salus muscle.
+[2227.260 --> 2232.780]  How often do they pull their nose up and wrinkle that we look at the, the, the, the,
+[2232.780 --> 2238.700]  narrow wings, ah, the narrace, and we, we look at, you know, is it moistened?
+[2238.700 --> 2241.180]  Is it dry? Ah, what's the color of it?
+[2241.180 --> 2243.900]  Is it throbbing and so forth down to the filtrum?
+[2244.380 --> 2255.580]  The, the, the, the, the, uh, the, uh, the, uh, the, uh, the, uh, the, uh, the, uh, the, uh, the,
+[2255.580 --> 2261.340]  uh, the, the chin is a dimpled down to the neck and, and to the throat.
+[2262.380 --> 2266.780]  And you say, hey, Joe, this is, this is how you look at me.
+[2266.780 --> 2268.700]  That's exactly how I look at you.
+[2268.700 --> 2273.340]  That's exactly how I look at you and the person next to you and everybody else.
+[2274.140 --> 2276.780]  The first time I did it, yeah, it was a burden.
+[2277.580 --> 2280.780]  The second time, it was a little less difficult.
+[2281.340 --> 2283.180]  But now it's like software.
+[2283.180 --> 2284.780]  It runs in the background.
+[2284.780 --> 2291.340]  And once you learn how to decipher a face and say, yes, they gave us an affirmative,
+[2291.340 --> 2298.860]  uh, yes, on this, and then you saw the muscles of the cheek, um, become very tight.
+[2299.500 --> 2302.060]  Now we want to explore that.
+[2302.060 --> 2307.260]  Did they say yes, but there's reluctance and then that's going to come back and, and, and bite us.
+[2308.540 --> 2316.300]  Once you learn how to observe the face, how to decode the face, what to get from the face,
+[2317.340 --> 2322.620]  then that gives you information so that you can better interact with the person,
+[2323.260 --> 2330.300]  but also so that you can cut to the chase more quickly because if there are issues,
+[2330.300 --> 2331.980]  they're going to be there.
+[2331.980 --> 2340.060]  If there are cultural significance of some sort, the kind of hat they wear, how they wear their
+[2340.780 --> 2347.420]  hair and so forth, maybe some of the jewelry or some of the accultramonts that, that are,
+[2347.420 --> 2354.380]  as on their face, this helps us to establish a more effective communication.
+[2357.020 --> 2360.860]  If you walk into a room and all you see is a face,
+[2362.060 --> 2364.700]  congratulations, that's you're just being average.
+[2365.260 --> 2372.300]  You know, one of the things that, over the years, I've written about is, and in fact,
+[2373.260 --> 2380.860]  my book that's coming up in July, I talk about, well, what sets exceptional people apart.
+[2381.980 --> 2389.500]  And the thing that sets exceptional people apart is their ability to interpret the needs, wants
+[2391.580 --> 2398.220]  preferences and fears and concerns of others. And then they know what to do with it.
+[2399.180 --> 2404.300]  You know, a lot of people take classes in body language and they say, oh, I, you know,
+[2404.300 --> 2410.220]  I know when someone is showing contempt because they're pinching the corner of their mouth,
+[2410.860 --> 2415.180]  that's great. Now, what are you going to do with that? Now, what are you going to do with that?
+[2415.180 --> 2418.700]  Tell me, what are you going to do with that? Because if you're telling me that's what you're
+[2418.700 --> 2422.460]  really good at, that you can see somebody's look of contempt,
+[2422.860 --> 2430.940]  what is that demonstrating to me? The question is, and this is what the course is about, is,
+[2430.940 --> 2436.860]  now what do we do with that information? How do we apply that? How do we work that into communication?
+[2438.060 --> 2444.220]  And I think that's what makes one of the big differences in people,
+[2446.140 --> 2451.660]  the exceptional really have this gift. Whether or not they can articulate it,
+[2452.460 --> 2456.220]  they sense when something is not right and they know how to address it.
+[2458.620 --> 2465.420]  Or they seek at least to provide you with those preferences that will make your life,
+[2465.420 --> 2474.780]  even for a moment a little bit better. And so that's why we break down the behaviors.
+[2475.420 --> 2481.500]  That's why we break it down in such finite details. And that's why we spend so much time.
+[2482.460 --> 2489.260]  I dare say, you guys both Nadia and you David can attest to this, we probably spend as much time
+[2489.260 --> 2495.660]  on the rest of the body as we do on the face. Because there's so much more information that we can
+[2495.660 --> 2503.740]  get from the shoulders, from the arms, from the legs, from the feet, from the skin, and so forth.
+[2504.620 --> 2509.180]  Yeah, thanks Joe. Yeah, it's certainly important to take that holistic approach. And as you say,
+[2509.180 --> 2514.060]  to ask questions, why do we see what we see and then what are we going to do about it? So,
+[2514.940 --> 2519.100]  great advice there. Nadia, what else have we got coming in with questions?
+[2520.300 --> 2527.020]  So as we talked about baseline, it's very basic when we read body language, so it's context.
+[2527.020 --> 2532.540]  And we've got a question here from Alberto, he is saying, how can I understand,
+[2532.540 --> 2536.300]  how can I better understand context to better read body language?
+[2536.860 --> 2548.620]  Yeah, good question Alberto. So, context is very much different than baseline. And some people
+[2548.620 --> 2557.900]  mix those two up. Context, you know, you have two people at a cafe. Now we have a little bit more
+[2557.900 --> 2570.700]  context. If we were to take a photograph of two hands touching, it would make a big difference
+[2570.700 --> 2577.900]  if they're out of movie, if they are in public, or if they're in a business meeting. So context
+[2578.780 --> 2588.700]  is that caveat, that warning that says, for us to truly understand something, the more context we have,
+[2588.700 --> 2598.940]  the better. But the problem with context is context is temporal. And what I mean by that is this.
+[2599.740 --> 2607.260]  I am affected by everything that has affected me today from the moment I woke up at 4 a.m.
+[2608.540 --> 2618.060]  So from 4 a.m. to right now, everything that has influenced me is part of context.
+[2619.100 --> 2627.900]  So if, you know, when I was out walking my dog, if I had a, if I was chased by another dog,
+[2628.940 --> 2634.540]  that begins to affect me. If I've had a bad phone call, that begins to affect me.
+[2634.540 --> 2642.540]  The problem is that we can never fully know contextually what happened before.
+[2643.740 --> 2648.700]  So it's like when we look at a photograph, when we look at a photo, I get these all the time, hey, Joe,
+[2648.700 --> 2653.660]  which please don't send me photographs because they won't even show them to me.
+[2656.380 --> 2661.580]  Here's a photograph of myself and my boyfriend. Does he like me? How would I know?
+[2661.660 --> 2670.060]  How would I know? And the reason I can say I don't know is I don't know either one of you.
+[2670.060 --> 2676.140]  And I don't have context. I don't know what's behind the camera. I don't know what happened eight
+[2676.140 --> 2681.660]  minutes before the picture was taken. I don't know what happened an hour before. I don't know the
+[2681.660 --> 2692.860]  luggage of life. The luggage of life is context. And there are many instances where we see something
+[2694.300 --> 2702.700]  and we don't understand the context. I'll give you an example. I do a lot of work and
+[2702.700 --> 2709.500]  negotiations with organizations which have a lot of history together. And a lot of times the
+[2709.500 --> 2715.900]  body language that we see from let's say I won't give you the name, but from let's say a teacher's
+[2715.900 --> 2726.300]  union versus the state of this location is it's not that they don't like the ideas is that they
+[2726.300 --> 2734.540]  don't like each other from things that happened six months ago. And and that's a problem because
+[2734.540 --> 2742.220]  now I'm seeing behaviors that are related to how Bill and Jane relate to each other which have
+[2742.220 --> 2754.620]  nothing to do with what's actually being discussed. So context I think is is I would say sometimes
+[2754.620 --> 2763.580]  context is is more important than baseline because you know a lot of times what what we see
+[2764.620 --> 2771.980]  on the street, especially with criminals where as as you know in our course we we talk about the
+[2771.980 --> 2781.100]  famous case of Terry versus Ohio where the guy is pacing in front of a of a store. But it's in the
+[2781.100 --> 2785.740]  middle of the day and then they looking through the window then they go to the corner and they whisper
+[2785.740 --> 2794.300]  to each other. And now we see well context middle of the day why don't they just go in the store,
+[2794.300 --> 2800.220]  why are they only looking through the window and why are they whispering to each other. So context
+[2801.020 --> 2810.700]  more important in this case and in many cases than then baselines. A great great question.
+[2811.100 --> 2820.380]  I see we're I'm always amazed at how quickly time goes. It certainly does fly. Hey Joe we had a
+[2820.380 --> 2825.900]  bunch of questions about your background and experience as well. And we I wanted to sort of
+[2825.900 --> 2832.860]  jump out at me. She wrote in before this and I saw she's actually posted here now it's Karen
+[2832.860 --> 2839.500]  from Texas who's she's she's she's she's loved to join the FBI and is after some advice there. And
+[2839.500 --> 2845.260]  she also asked about you know do you use your skills in everyday life. You know clearly you use
+[2845.260 --> 2851.900]  them in the FBI but I do you use them in in everyday life and what advice would you have for her
+[2851.900 --> 2860.460]  and someone who's inspiring to move professionally into this sort of area. Yeah. I mean great questions
+[2860.460 --> 2867.900]  and great topic. I would tell you this you know people certainly when I went into law enforcement
+[2868.060 --> 2874.620]  you have these these mythic perceptions of these these people that you know what we see on
+[2874.620 --> 2880.300]  television. If you're in law enforcement you're a paid observer and that's it. Yeah you have a
+[2880.300 --> 2888.540]  gun you have handcuffs and and and and all that but really the best investigators the best FBI agents
+[2888.540 --> 2896.700]  I ever worked with were the best observers. And whether they they could pick out a hair or a
+[2896.700 --> 2906.060]  little tiny speck of cloth that got caught on a door that I missed but they caught which then showed
+[2906.060 --> 2912.140]  us you know with to the exclusion of all other clothing in this world that that little piece came
+[2912.140 --> 2919.660]  from that jacket. That's what a good observer is and that's what a good law enforcement agent is
+[2920.300 --> 2924.940]  you know it's not about how many push-ups you can do and you know I used to get you know these
+[2924.940 --> 2932.140]  guys had come in I can do 300 push-ups that's nice. You know if we have a contest you'll be the winner
+[2933.900 --> 2941.740]  but can you find can you find that little piece of of material that's going to make the the case
+[2941.740 --> 2947.820]  and certainly an espionage war counterintelligence it was I mean it was it was something as
+[2948.300 --> 2959.980]  perhaps insignificant to you but not to me was how much quicker this person is walking today
+[2959.980 --> 2965.900]  or that their posture is a little higher than it was the day before when he wasn't operational or
+[2965.900 --> 2971.420]  that they're walking on the outside of the sidewalk instead of the inside and that today they're
+[2971.420 --> 2978.620]  favoring the inside of the sidewalk which tends to hide them. These are the things that that make
+[2978.620 --> 2985.740]  for great law enforcement and I would tell you that if you're interested in the bureau then develop
+[2985.740 --> 2995.180]  that skill set to where you are a world-class observer and those are hard to come by those are
+[2995.180 --> 3003.900]  really hard to come by but they make the best they make the best investigators and as you said
+[3003.900 --> 3012.700]  David it's a skill set but observational skills like any skill have to be maintained and that's
+[3012.700 --> 3019.340]  why I always you know I always challenge myself when I go you know go out for a walk is can I pick
+[3019.340 --> 3024.780]  up everything do I see everybody do I see all the animals do I see you know things that are
+[3024.780 --> 3031.020]  standing out is that car been parked here too long is there dirt around the tires so now we know
+[3031.020 --> 3037.980]  that's been there more than one day and so forth do I do this every day yeah every day every day
+[3037.980 --> 3043.980]  because once you learn how to read others once you learn to observe it's it's not like you turn it
+[3043.980 --> 3051.420]  off it actually makes life easier because you don't have to think about it it's like software it
+[3051.420 --> 3058.860]  just runs in the background and it just makes my life so much easier when I can come in and read a
+[3058.860 --> 3066.220]  room and as both of you know I can come in and and say whoa what's going on over here let's fix this
+[3066.220 --> 3073.820]  right now before we get started and and and so forth so it does give you a tremendous advantage
+[3073.820 --> 3082.300]  and yeah definitely I look it's speaking it's speaking of advantage I'd be before we go because we
+[3082.300 --> 3088.780]  forgot to do it well the last time Nadia could you I know we have a special going on right now and
+[3088.780 --> 3095.900]  this is I think is important because we've gone out of our way to try to make this as accessible
+[3095.900 --> 3103.180]  to as many people as as possible especially with with COVID and now with with Easter and so forth
+[3103.180 --> 3112.620]  what what are we doing for them right now that you can tell us about have a special Easter discount
+[3112.620 --> 3118.860]  on the body language expert program for everyone who wants to be a skilled observer and
+[3119.660 --> 3125.340]  read body language we hope you will join the academy the body language academy by Joan of
+[3125.340 --> 3135.020]  R.O. so the next seven days we still have the Easter offer which gives you 30% off the original price
+[3135.980 --> 3145.500]  okay and that's the the the Easter the code they can use to get the 1100 plus savings yes
+[3145.500 --> 3156.700]  Easter 30 Easter that's great excellent thanks Joan Nadia is there maybe we've got time for one
+[3156.700 --> 3163.020]  more question is there one more that really jumps out at you that Joe can tackle before we our time
+[3163.020 --> 3173.180]  is up there's so many questions here let what she's looking at that let me let me say something if
+[3173.180 --> 3181.820]  if I could Nadia because you know I some of the questions came in ahead of time a lot of people
+[3183.100 --> 3188.780]  equate body language with detecting deception right that's all they talk about body language
+[3189.020 --> 3195.740]  get that out of your head I don't I don't spend one minute worried about that what you should be
+[3195.740 --> 3202.940]  studying body language for is what's your best body language because people are reading you
+[3203.660 --> 3209.340]  what are your best gestures that you should be using what what is the best tone of voice that you
+[3209.340 --> 3215.820]  should be using what are those things that you're doing that are going to hinder you they're going to
+[3215.820 --> 3223.260]  keep you from progressing because you know if you have to clear your throat every time you're
+[3223.260 --> 3230.060]  asked a question by your boss or you're biting your lips or any number of behaviors that you might do
+[3230.860 --> 3237.020]  those things hinder you and people are always worried about the set forget deception forget
+[3237.020 --> 3247.100]  deception because clearly clearly since 1986 and the work of Paul Eckman we are no better than chance
+[3247.100 --> 3252.780]  at detecting deception and there's a lot of people out there frankly that are prattling that they
+[3252.780 --> 3261.820]  can detect the deception that's utter nonsense because at best all we can detect is maybe there's a
+[3261.820 --> 3271.500]  psychological discomfort but body language helps us to communicate more effectively more empathetically
+[3272.380 --> 3283.820]  to realize when things are in discord when there is a lack of harmony when preferences
+[3284.220 --> 3295.660]  likes and dislikes are at issue we use nonverbal communications to be empathetic it's not about words
+[3296.700 --> 3305.260]  it's about how your body conveys a message and I think if you're in the people business and most of us are
+[3306.220 --> 3313.900]  that's where the efficacy of studying this comes in that I can present better to the world
+[3314.700 --> 3323.180]  but I can also demonstrably communicate more effectively with others and so I you know I don't want to
+[3323.180 --> 3332.380]  dissuade you from from from these programs if if your focus is on deception but if deception is
+[3332.380 --> 3340.780]  is all your your concern about you're hobbling yourself because you may be a student of deception
+[3340.780 --> 3347.900]  but don't forget people are studying you people are analyzing you people are determining am I influenced
+[3347.900 --> 3353.820]  by this person or am I turned off by this person but I feel comfortable in their presence you know
+[3353.820 --> 3359.980]  one of the things you learned in the seminar is two simple behaviors two simple behaviors that you
+[3359.980 --> 3370.540]  can do to increase face time wow I've had people sales people tell me I've been in sales for 30
+[3370.540 --> 3377.420]  years I didn't know this and if you're all if all if all you're concerned about is is deception
+[3377.420 --> 3383.500]  you're missing out on some really powerful tools that can guarantee that that person in front of you
+[3383.500 --> 3388.940]  will listen to you longer then if you're doing what you're doing every day so
+[3390.060 --> 3395.660]  I hope that you know those that are participating that if you're really interested in this
+[3396.940 --> 3408.140]  this is this program was created to to educate but it's also it was also created and I say this
+[3408.140 --> 3416.300]  without any kind of hesitation to be transformative but you know if you graduate from this program and
+[3416.300 --> 3425.180]  it's tough anybody that's graduated from and knows it it's tough if you if you have been transformed
+[3428.540 --> 3433.740]  you you haven't applied yourself well first of all it must like you can't even finish the program
+[3434.380 --> 3439.420]  because everyone that has graduated from the program that you know and I talk to everybody
+[3439.980 --> 3449.100]  that has graduated is they they all say the same thing it changes how I see the world now how often do
+[3449.100 --> 3454.780]  you hear that in a day-to-day conversation where somebody says you know I did this and it changed
+[3454.780 --> 3464.460]  how I view the world it's very rare and so I think if if you do sign up for it look at it as an
+[3464.460 --> 3471.260]  adventure where you will learn both the art and the science of non-verbals and and it's a good
+[3471.260 --> 3479.580]  way to grow that that human skill set that we saw value thanks Joe look I think we really are out
+[3479.580 --> 3487.420]  of out of time now but I know you've also got a new book coming up Joe that is going to be launched
+[3487.420 --> 3492.140]  in the next couple of months is that correct be exceptional which comes out in July
+[3494.540 --> 3498.700]  this takes everything to a new level and people ask me well why did you write this
+[3499.900 --> 3506.780]  and I said because all the other books that I've written teach you how to observe this is the first
+[3506.780 --> 3514.460]  book that teaches you how to put it all together to then use that information so that you can
+[3514.460 --> 3524.140]  assess engage and transact and so it's it's it brings it all together so that you can then take
+[3524.140 --> 3532.780]  that information and use it to to change both how you you are perceived but also how you you
+[3532.780 --> 3540.380]  perceive others so it's the it's it's sort of the the book end that brings it all together in
+[3540.620 --> 3547.180]  not just being able to you know see the pinch corner of the mouth but then what to do with it
+[3547.740 --> 3554.380]  and how to use that effectively and I want to thank everybody for this opportunity I know
+[3554.380 --> 3560.540]  David it's it's already Monday where you're at it's one or two o'clock in the morning
+[3561.100 --> 3569.100]  and and I appreciate it and and Nadia I know it's it's already six in the evening in
+[3570.220 --> 3578.220]  Copenaghan and but I appreciate this opportunity to to join everybody that's that's listening in
+[3578.220 --> 3586.940]  and it's my absolute pleasure always to to to share my knowledge with you thank you Joe thank
+[3586.940 --> 3592.860]  you Nadia thank you to all our participants and we'd love for you to see you on the course
+[3592.860 --> 3600.860]  or at at our next webinar thank you on it all thank you

transcript/webinar_lr6-GcG3t9Q.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,1348 @@
+[0.000 --> 2.800]  Too much eye contact affects interviewing,
+[2.800 --> 5.200]  allowing the person to drift off,
+[5.200 --> 8.000]  to be comfortable, to be reflective,
+[8.000 --> 10.920]  is often better than what you see on television.
+[10.920 --> 13.840]  It's actually easier to resist someone
+[13.840 --> 15.080]  when they're in front of you.
+[15.080 --> 17.280]  You know, it's easier to fend somebody off
+[17.280 --> 18.680]  than somebody's next to you.
+[18.680 --> 21.640]  Somebody's next to you, it's pretty tough to argue with them.
+[21.640 --> 23.760]  It's like, we're both on the same side.
+[26.520 --> 28.920]  Joe Navarro, welcome to the show.
+[28.920 --> 30.600]  Good to be here, Chris.
+[30.600 --> 32.400]  For the people who aren't familiar with you
+[32.400 --> 35.880]  and your background's, what have you gone
+[35.880 --> 37.080]  that's led you to this point?
+[39.840 --> 43.240]  Not very far, you know, 25 years in the FBI,
+[43.240 --> 46.560]  where I got to play as a SWAT team commander,
+[46.560 --> 49.080]  spy catcher and a bureau pilot.
+[50.240 --> 52.840]  I was the FBI's body language expert,
+[52.840 --> 55.560]  and then I retired and wrote 14 books.
+[55.560 --> 58.520]  And so not much.
+[59.680 --> 64.200]  Yeah, a colorful career path, I think you could say.
+[64.200 --> 69.080]  What are those different elements within the bureau there
+[69.080 --> 71.520]  for the people that haven't got to clear what you're talking about?
+[71.520 --> 74.600]  Yeah, well, you know, within the FBI,
+[74.600 --> 76.720]  we have a lot of subprograms.
+[76.720 --> 80.240]  So when I entered into the bureau,
+[80.240 --> 82.760]  I was already a licensed pilot,
+[82.760 --> 84.880]  and we were always in need of pilots
+[84.880 --> 89.600]  because we use aircraft as platforms for surveillance.
+[89.600 --> 94.360]  So I got to do that, and then they wanted volunteers,
+[94.360 --> 99.600]  which means I was pushed into going into the SWAT program
+[99.600 --> 104.600]  because sometimes you're up against some pretty dastardly groups.
+[106.640 --> 111.640]  And spent 14 years on a SWAT team in Puerto Rico and in Tampa,
+[112.640 --> 116.640]  and doing counterterrorism investigations.
+[118.680 --> 122.160]  But mostly, you know, I spent those 25 years.
+[122.160 --> 125.480]  So you can do other things within the FBI.
+[126.840 --> 131.840]  I was part of the National Security's behavioral program
+[131.920 --> 135.800]  which looked at human behavior.
+[135.800 --> 139.000]  And actually that's really what led me,
+[139.960 --> 146.960]  not only my spy catching, but led me to begin to write books.
+[148.840 --> 153.360]  And in fact, the first book that I wrote with Jack Schaefer
+[154.920 --> 158.440]  really was, I was getting ready to retire from the FBI
+[158.440 --> 160.800]  and people were saying, you know,
+[160.800 --> 163.400]  there's all this knowledge that you have,
+[163.400 --> 165.400]  but you're taking it with you.
+[165.400 --> 166.640]  Why don't you share it?
+[166.640 --> 171.640]  And I never intended to be a writer.
+[173.680 --> 177.720]  I, in fact, I often say I'm a writer, I'm an author,
+[177.720 --> 178.840]  I'm really not a writer.
+[178.840 --> 181.360]  I know what a good writer is.
+[181.360 --> 183.800]  I'm sure you know the difference,
+[183.800 --> 188.800]  but you know, all in all, it was a fantastic experience.
+[189.680 --> 193.040]  And obviously you learn a lot.
+[193.040 --> 196.520]  You know, I got to work with British intelligence.
+[196.520 --> 199.600]  I worked with German intelligence
+[201.440 --> 203.520]  and just different folks around the world.
+[203.520 --> 206.880]  It makes for an interesting career.
+[206.880 --> 209.960]  What's the difference between SWAT and Puerto Rico
+[209.960 --> 211.120]  and SWAT in Tampa?
+[212.000 --> 217.240]  Well, the difference was that each major city
+[217.240 --> 220.000]  has its own SWAT team.
+[220.000 --> 222.960]  And when I transferred to Puerto Rico,
+[222.960 --> 227.120]  there we were dealing mostly with counterterrorism.
+[227.120 --> 230.200]  When I came to Tampa,
+[230.200 --> 233.920]  then it became more in the area
+[233.920 --> 238.120]  of criminal activity, drug gangs
+[239.160 --> 241.680]  with a lot of firepower and so forth.
+[243.000 --> 247.120]  You know, Puerto Rico is a United States Commonwealth.
+[247.120 --> 249.280]  So we have jurisdiction there,
+[249.280 --> 252.440]  but it's just a matter of the kind of work
+[252.440 --> 254.080]  we were doing at the time.
+[254.080 --> 256.320]  There's a really interesting story
+[256.320 --> 259.240]  where you talk about you quite self-reflective
+[259.240 --> 261.760]  to deal with a challenge that you had
+[261.760 --> 263.560]  on the morning of quite a big operation.
+[263.560 --> 264.880]  Can you take us through that?
+[266.080 --> 269.240]  Well, yeah, it's, you know,
+[269.240 --> 272.080]  you think back of all the challenges
+[272.080 --> 274.760]  and that one was here in Tampa, Florida,
+[274.760 --> 279.080]  where we were getting ready
+[279.080 --> 283.120]  to do a SWAT operation.
+[283.120 --> 286.280]  And one of the things that you always are thinking about
+[286.280 --> 290.840]  is safety and have we covered all the bases.
+[290.840 --> 293.840]  And you know, you go down the mental checklist
+[293.840 --> 295.800]  of where's the nearest hospital
+[295.800 --> 297.200]  in case somebody gets hurt?
+[297.200 --> 298.920]  Where can we land a helicopter
+[298.920 --> 300.560]  or a series of helicopters
+[300.560 --> 302.640]  if somebody needs to be met a vacuum?
+[302.640 --> 304.080]  You know, it's a kind of things
+[304.080 --> 308.840]  that the British SAS would go through.
+[308.840 --> 310.840]  And I noticed that in the meeting,
+[313.040 --> 316.080]  you know, the questions that should have been asked
+[316.080 --> 318.880]  weren't being asked as quickly
+[318.880 --> 323.880]  and as efficiently as normal.
+[324.160 --> 325.520]  And one of the things you wanna do
+[325.520 --> 328.560]  is have an eye on all the troops
+[328.560 --> 331.360]  who's having a tough time, who's having a bad day
+[331.360 --> 335.040]  as anybody's mind off the game.
+[335.040 --> 337.400]  Just like in sports.
+[337.400 --> 339.920]  And finally, it just dawned on me
+[339.920 --> 342.680]  even though I was at the SWAT commander at the time.
+[342.680 --> 345.840]  I went to the boss in the office and I said,
+[345.840 --> 348.320]  I gotta take one of your players out.
+[348.320 --> 353.160]  He's not doing well and we had full confidence in me
+[353.160 --> 355.040]  and he said, yeah, have at it.
+[355.040 --> 357.480]  And I said, well, that's me.
+[357.480 --> 359.400]  I gotta take myself out.
+[359.400 --> 362.960]  I am, my mind is not where it should be.
+[362.960 --> 364.720]  I'm not responding to things.
+[364.720 --> 365.880]  I don't know what's wrong.
+[366.720 --> 371.720]  And so I talked about that in my book.
+[374.160 --> 376.920]  And I'm glad that I did it
+[376.920 --> 381.240]  because the number two guy took over,
+[381.240 --> 384.120]  everything went down, nobody got hurt.
+[384.120 --> 386.840]  But I had to be honest with myself
+[386.840 --> 389.080]  and have that conversation and say,
+[389.080 --> 391.720]  should I be here doing this?
+[391.720 --> 395.040]  And it was kind of humbling that all of a sudden.
+[395.040 --> 397.160]  And I think it can happen to any of us.
+[397.160 --> 400.200]  We can be physically not well.
+[400.200 --> 402.160]  We can be mentally not well.
+[402.160 --> 405.040]  And that day I was not mentally well.
+[405.040 --> 408.720]  And then I think a few days later,
+[408.720 --> 412.320]  it finally, you don't think about this.
+[412.320 --> 415.160]  My grandmother had passed away.
+[415.160 --> 418.040]  And a few weeks earlier,
+[418.040 --> 420.120]  and I think it was still bothering me.
+[420.120 --> 422.680]  And it affected me.
+[422.680 --> 425.600]  And I think these are the kinds of conversations
+[425.600 --> 429.240]  that I talk about in the book that we need to have
+[429.240 --> 431.960]  and say, do we really know ourselves?
+[431.960 --> 433.800]  Do we know our own weaknesses?
+[433.800 --> 435.440]  Do we recognize them?
+[435.440 --> 438.240]  And are we willing to challenge that?
+[438.240 --> 441.120]  And I think it's hard to do
+[441.120 --> 443.680]  because in an organization where you have
+[443.680 --> 446.880]  all these alpha males and alpha females,
+[447.800 --> 449.680]  and everybody's always gung ho
+[449.680 --> 452.280]  and willing to do anything and everything,
+[453.240 --> 454.640]  every once in a while,
+[454.640 --> 458.200]  you have to deal with the human factor.
+[458.200 --> 463.040]  And I think that was good for me
+[463.040 --> 466.840]  because I think it made me a better agent to deal
+[466.840 --> 470.200]  with other people when they had their own issues.
+[470.200 --> 471.960]  You must have had a very good relationship
+[471.960 --> 473.520]  with your superior to be able to go
+[473.520 --> 474.520]  and have that conversation.
+[474.520 --> 477.080]  You must have felt very comfortable with it.
+[477.080 --> 480.200]  Well, we had worked at that point.
+[480.200 --> 483.600]  We had worked several years together
+[483.600 --> 486.920]  and he had known me before.
+[486.920 --> 488.400]  And you develop confidence.
+[488.400 --> 491.680]  I mean, every operation you run,
+[491.680 --> 494.440]  you run by them and you go through the list
+[494.440 --> 496.360]  of what we're gonna do, how we're gonna do it,
+[496.360 --> 497.920]  what happens, for instance,
+[497.920 --> 499.800]  if they open up and fire on us,
+[499.800 --> 504.120]  what happens if they take a hostage and so forth.
+[504.120 --> 508.360]  And so you have that bond,
+[510.600 --> 514.160]  but it's not something that's always automatic.
+[514.160 --> 519.160]  And I was appreciative that he didn't force me to,
+[520.520 --> 525.520]  I think a lot of bad supervisors would have said,
+[526.120 --> 529.480]  well, you can do it, get tough, get in there and just do it.
+[530.480 --> 534.360]  And he knew when to push, he knew my limits,
+[534.360 --> 537.040]  but he knew that something wasn't right.
+[537.040 --> 541.720]  And that's, I talk about that also,
+[541.720 --> 545.920]  that one of the greatest attributes of a great leader
+[545.920 --> 549.720]  is the ability to observe the needs and the wants,
+[549.720 --> 553.760]  but also the fears and concerns of the people they lead.
+[553.760 --> 556.400]  And I think I look back on history
+[556.680 --> 559.520]  and you look at the great generals.
+[559.520 --> 562.200]  And I think that's one of the things that stood out
+[562.200 --> 567.280]  is that they had a sense of each and every player
+[567.280 --> 571.840]  and say, well, this unit or this man or woman can do that,
+[571.840 --> 576.840]  but we mustn't push too far at times.
+[577.160 --> 582.160]  And it goes to the concept that to lead
+[582.360 --> 584.440]  you have to be able to observe.
+[584.440 --> 587.480]  It's an interesting thought that it's not necessarily
+[587.480 --> 588.960]  the thing that you're running towards
+[588.960 --> 590.120]  that you always need to look out for.
+[590.120 --> 591.960]  It's the thing that you're running away from.
+[591.960 --> 593.680]  Like what is it that the people that are working
+[593.680 --> 594.800]  underneath you really fear?
+[594.800 --> 598.880]  Because improving motivation or increasing motivation
+[598.880 --> 600.520]  might get more output out of them,
+[600.520 --> 602.600]  but the thing which is going to completely ruin
+[602.600 --> 605.120]  the operation is the fear.
+[605.120 --> 608.200]  So getting that sort of first seems to be the priority.
+[609.160 --> 610.960]  You nailed it, Chris.
+[610.960 --> 615.960]  The thing that is never taught in any business school,
+[619.080 --> 624.080]  in any management school is that you have to identify
+[624.400 --> 629.400]  that which everyone may fear be concerned with.
+[630.320 --> 634.880]  And then the leader's role is to ameliorate that,
+[634.880 --> 639.880]  to diminish its capacity to divert, to injure,
+[639.880 --> 644.880]  to hurt or to cause people to quiver.
+[648.600 --> 652.160]  And that's one of the things that great leaders do.
+[652.160 --> 655.960]  And it doesn't matter whether you're talking about someone
+[655.960 --> 660.960]  in a home situation with a small group of five or six people
+[661.120 --> 664.720]  in a church or a military organization
+[664.800 --> 669.800]  or as a CEO is how do you get through this dilemma?
+[669.960 --> 673.800]  How do we attenuate fear?
+[673.800 --> 676.320]  One of the things we're seeing nowadays
+[676.320 --> 680.040]  is we're seeing a lot of leaders who in fact,
+[680.040 --> 685.040]  in flame fear, who not only at times create a fear,
+[686.600 --> 691.600]  but flame create an atmosphere where it's allowed
+[691.600 --> 696.600]  to be fertile and percolate to the surface.
+[697.880 --> 702.880]  Not realizing that the greatest leaders are always
+[702.880 --> 704.880]  ameliorating fear.
+[704.880 --> 708.440]  They're always pushing it down, getting it out of the way
+[708.440 --> 712.960]  because they know that number one, fear can turn into hatred
+[712.960 --> 715.960]  and fear can be paralyzing.
+[715.960 --> 720.960]  And so whether you're looking at the financial industry,
+[722.600 --> 727.600]  in 2008 and you look at those people who came forward
+[729.280 --> 732.320]  and sort of helped us through this and said,
+[732.320 --> 735.200]  we will deal with this problem a little bit at a time,
+[735.200 --> 738.520]  but we will deal with it while others were just
+[738.520 --> 741.880]  panning the flames of the world's gonna end.
+[741.880 --> 743.880]  That's not leadership.
+[743.880 --> 746.520]  That's the worst kind of leadership.
+[746.520 --> 749.520]  How do you define self-mustery?
+[749.520 --> 751.080]  That's a great question.
+[751.160 --> 753.360]  I think it's a combination of things.
+[753.360 --> 758.360]  I think it's number one, being in charge
+[759.720 --> 763.920]  of taking responsibility for, but also being in control
+[763.920 --> 765.280]  of your emotions.
+[767.480 --> 772.480]  I looked at so many historical examples
+[773.320 --> 777.840]  and realized that oftentimes what has derailed,
+[777.840 --> 781.040]  really smart people is their inability
+[781.040 --> 782.800]  to control their emotions.
+[782.800 --> 786.720]  That whether it was great coaches
+[786.720 --> 791.720]  or any number of individuals, great military leaders,
+[792.400 --> 795.520]  they were derailed by their emotions.
+[795.520 --> 800.520]  The second thing is the ability to focus enough
+[802.520 --> 806.120]  on those things that are important to you
+[806.120 --> 811.120]  so that you can then dedicate yourself to that.
+[811.680 --> 816.520]  I talk about Joseph Campbell in his great book,
+[816.520 --> 821.120]  The Power of Myth, and he famously said,
+[822.280 --> 825.800]  follow your bliss.
+[825.800 --> 829.040]  And a lot of people made fun of that
+[829.040 --> 831.920]  and they misunderstood what that meant.
+[831.920 --> 835.400]  It wasn't you were gonna sit yourself down on a chair,
+[836.240 --> 839.880]  on a sunny beach and your bliss was gonna come to you.
+[839.880 --> 844.880]  What he meant was that if you pursue that which you seek,
+[845.480 --> 847.800]  which if you focus on it,
+[847.800 --> 852.800]  if you create the scaffolding of experience reading,
+[855.400 --> 860.400]  reaching out to people that you can achieve that bliss
+[861.120 --> 865.320]  and that doors will be open to you.
+[865.320 --> 870.320]  I look at the American example of Benjamin Franklin
+[870.480 --> 875.160]  who arrives in Philadelphia with 15 cents in his pocket,
+[876.120 --> 879.160]  learns the trade of publishing,
+[880.440 --> 884.000]  becomes the postmaster general of the United States,
+[884.000 --> 887.560]  creates the first the fire department and then goes on
+[887.560 --> 891.960]  and becomes the first ambassador to France.
+[891.960 --> 893.160]  How do you do that?
+[893.160 --> 894.880]  I mean, what school do you go to?
+[894.880 --> 897.640]  There's actually no school now that you can attend
+[897.640 --> 899.840]  to that will teach you that.
+[900.840 --> 904.240]  But what he did was he created the scaffolding.
+[904.240 --> 908.280]  He, you know, in essence,
+[908.280 --> 913.280]  he created that whole apprenticeship program for himself
+[915.840 --> 918.320]  so that there would be no limits.
+[918.320 --> 919.160]  None.
+[919.160 --> 921.120]  If you go to France right now,
+[921.120 --> 924.160]  the only statute there is of an America,
+[924.160 --> 926.680]  his Benjamin Franklin.
+[926.680 --> 928.120]  He wasn't president.
+[929.160 --> 933.840]  He gifted to the world the lightning arrestor,
+[933.840 --> 935.840]  but beyond that,
+[937.040 --> 941.600]  you can create yourself into something and that's mastery
+[941.600 --> 945.000]  and it doesn't matter whether you're Jane Goodall
+[945.000 --> 947.000]  and you're 22 years old and you say,
+[947.000 --> 947.880]  you know what?
+[949.120 --> 950.960]  I want to be an ethylogist.
+[950.960 --> 952.560]  I'm gonna go to the jungle.
+[952.560 --> 954.600]  I don't have a degree.
+[954.600 --> 956.840]  She didn't have a degree.
+[956.840 --> 958.640]  She was a secretary.
+[958.640 --> 961.640]  She says, you know what, I'm gonna study primates
+[961.640 --> 966.360]  and became the premier mind in the world
+[966.360 --> 968.120]  in the subject of primates.
+[968.120 --> 969.760]  She's the first to tell us,
+[969.760 --> 973.240]  hey, not for nothing, but these little guys use tools.
+[973.240 --> 976.520]  Isn't that how we define mankind?
+[977.520 --> 980.560]  I mean, it was a shock.
+[980.560 --> 983.880]  She didn't let anything get in her way.
+[983.880 --> 988.240]  That's what you can achieve when you have self mastery.
+[988.240 --> 989.560]  So self mastery.
+[989.560 --> 992.680]  Sorry, self mastery is a combination of removing fear
+[992.680 --> 995.200]  and then focusing intently on the thing that you want to do.
+[996.160 --> 998.000]  It's that.
+[998.000 --> 1000.960]  It's controlling your emotions,
+[1000.960 --> 1005.000]  but being able to focus on the things that are important to you
+[1005.160 --> 1010.160]  and then creating an apprenticeship program for yourself.
+[1012.080 --> 1015.560]  10 years ago, Chris, you weren't doing this.
+[1015.560 --> 1018.720]  You created this for yourself.
+[1018.720 --> 1020.560]  You worked hard at it.
+[1020.560 --> 1025.560]  You, you, you know, I'm sure you made plenty of mistakes,
+[1026.320 --> 1029.360]  but you got to where you are at
+[1029.360 --> 1032.240]  by creating this,
+[1032.240 --> 1037.240]  by having that proper scaffolding one bid at a time.
+[1037.880 --> 1041.720]  Nobody's, nobody's said, oh, here's, here's a memo.
+[1041.720 --> 1045.000]  Follow it and you'll, you'll be interviewing Joan of
+[1045.000 --> 1048.200]  Ardor Chris Voss or somebody else.
+[1048.200 --> 1050.200]  You did that on your own.
+[1050.200 --> 1052.680]  And, and that's what the book is about
+[1052.680 --> 1055.920]  that exceptional individuals,
+[1055.920 --> 1059.640]  they don't have to follow a particular regimen.
+[1059.640 --> 1062.040]  They can create their own regimen
+[1062.040 --> 1064.840]  and that is true self mastery.
+[1064.840 --> 1068.400]  Yeah, it's, it's a strange thing to think about
+[1068.400 --> 1071.400]  permissionless apprenticeships as they're called online
+[1071.400 --> 1073.680]  where somebody does just strike out on their own.
+[1073.680 --> 1075.480]  Let's say that there's someone listening who thinks,
+[1075.480 --> 1077.920]  yeah, I know that I'm ready to make a change.
+[1077.920 --> 1081.080]  I know that I'm not in the place that I want to be.
+[1081.080 --> 1084.800]  How does someone set out on the first step of an apprenticeship
+[1084.800 --> 1087.920]  because I think that's probably going to be the hardest one?
+[1088.920 --> 1091.640]  That's a, that's a great question.
+[1091.640 --> 1095.000]  You know, experience teaches me that,
+[1095.000 --> 1098.640]  you know, I think now it's actually a lot easier.
+[1098.640 --> 1102.280]  I, you know, you can go on YouTube
+[1102.280 --> 1106.040]  and do everything from figure out how to tune your car
+[1106.040 --> 1111.040]  to swap out your bathroom appliances.
+[1112.800 --> 1116.520]  I think it's so much easier now when I started
+[1116.520 --> 1120.880]  in the area of non-verbals in 1971, 72.
+[1120.880 --> 1124.200]  There were maybe one or two books on body language.
+[1124.200 --> 1128.080]  Now there's an infinite, an infinite number.
+[1128.080 --> 1130.840]  So I think it's a matter of taking advantage
+[1130.840 --> 1135.840]  of what resources exist, but also reaching out.
+[1135.840 --> 1141.040]  I admire people who, who don't hesitate to reach out
+[1141.040 --> 1143.160]  and say, hey, I'm starting out.
+[1143.160 --> 1147.120]  Can you, you know, can you give me a few tips?
+[1147.120 --> 1148.880]  Just the other day I was talking to somebody
+[1148.880 --> 1153.040]  and I said, you've been working for the government
+[1153.040 --> 1155.640]  for 25 years, you're going out on your own.
+[1155.640 --> 1157.000]  Here's a few tips.
+[1157.000 --> 1160.120]  Number one, get yourself a nice business card.
+[1160.120 --> 1162.040]  Don't put too much information on it.
+[1162.040 --> 1167.040]  Just your name, email address, and a phone number.
+[1167.440 --> 1170.400]  And a phone number.
+[1170.400 --> 1171.240]  And that's it.
+[1171.240 --> 1175.240]  Don't label yourself as to what you will do or not do.
+[1175.240 --> 1177.680]  Number one, number two, if you have a website,
+[1177.680 --> 1182.680]  don't take good care of it and don't change your email address
+[1184.200 --> 1189.120]  every six months as you go from AOL to Yahoo to Roadrunner
+[1189.120 --> 1190.720]  and whatever.
+[1190.720 --> 1193.600]  Little bit of advice, very simple.
+[1193.600 --> 1197.000]  The guy came back to me later and he said,
+[1197.000 --> 1201.120]  you're right, those things were important.
+[1201.120 --> 1204.720]  We can always find someone that will help us.
+[1205.880 --> 1210.120]  And there's nothing wrong with reaching out to others
+[1210.120 --> 1212.520]  and just ask, how did you do it?
+[1212.520 --> 1215.160]  Hey, if I came to you and say, Chris, how did you do it?
+[1215.160 --> 1217.520]  You've got such a successful program.
+[1217.520 --> 1219.560]  And I'm sure you could say, well, you know,
+[1219.560 --> 1222.240]  the first thing you do is you humble yourself
+[1222.240 --> 1224.600]  and you say, I don't know what I'm doing,
+[1224.600 --> 1226.320]  but I'm gonna learn.
+[1226.320 --> 1229.640]  And then make the sacrifices.
+[1229.640 --> 1234.640]  One of the things that I find is people have grand ideas
+[1234.640 --> 1237.640]  but they don't know how to pay the price.
+[1237.640 --> 1238.760]  They don't know how.
+[1239.840 --> 1244.840]  To focus, to study, to rehearse,
+[1246.600 --> 1250.880]  to do things so that you become better at it.
+[1251.840 --> 1254.880]  Just the other day, a student was asking me, you know,
+[1254.880 --> 1258.520]  well, I find writing very difficult.
+[1258.520 --> 1260.720]  I find writing very difficult.
+[1261.680 --> 1266.240]  And I asked him, well, how many times did you edit
+[1266.240 --> 1267.360]  what you're working on?
+[1267.360 --> 1271.240]  And he says, oh, I must have edited it two times.
+[1271.240 --> 1272.640]  I go, wow.
+[1272.640 --> 1277.640]  I said, do you know how many times I re-edited my complete book?
+[1278.600 --> 1283.600]  It's 26 times from start to finish.
+[1283.800 --> 1287.960]  And it could probably use even more.
+[1287.960 --> 1292.000]  I said, that's the price that, you know, you have to pay.
+[1292.960 --> 1296.640]  You say, you know, you go to see a play Hamilton.
+[1296.640 --> 1297.880]  Wow, fantastic.
+[1297.880 --> 1300.200]  Tickets are expensive, yeah, they're expensive.
+[1300.200 --> 1302.040]  How many times did they rehearse?
+[1302.040 --> 1305.400]  47 times before anybody saw them.
+[1307.320 --> 1309.600]  And that's what most people aren't,
+[1309.600 --> 1313.040]  that price is what people aren't willing to pay.
+[1313.080 --> 1315.920]  But the swimmers that go out there
+[1315.920 --> 1319.480]  and work on their technique, the cellist that goes out
+[1319.480 --> 1324.280]  and perfects the technique, the person that, like you,
+[1324.280 --> 1328.720]  sits in front of the screen and evaluates themselves
+[1328.720 --> 1331.200]  and says, how can I do this better?
+[1331.200 --> 1333.800]  They're gonna be the soonest winners.
+[1333.800 --> 1336.440]  They're willing to pay the price.
+[1336.440 --> 1339.880]  And that's part of mastery.
+[1340.880 --> 1344.160]  And it's, and it's, you know, people say,
+[1344.160 --> 1347.240]  well, it can be, it can't be done.
+[1347.240 --> 1351.040]  And my argument is, it can be done.
+[1351.040 --> 1354.760]  The question is your dedication to them.
+[1354.760 --> 1356.560]  One of the things that I learned a couple of years ago
+[1356.560 --> 1359.840]  that was so interesting was the difference between
+[1359.840 --> 1363.160]  having a dream that you like the idea of
+[1363.160 --> 1365.720]  and having a goal that you're prepared to achieve.
+[1365.720 --> 1368.720]  So a lot of people have, the dream of,
+[1368.720 --> 1370.240]  that's a being a rock star.
+[1370.240 --> 1371.640]  But they don't actually like the idea of
+[1371.640 --> 1373.680]  gigging on the road or practicing playing guitar
+[1373.680 --> 1374.920]  and having calluses on their hands
+[1374.920 --> 1377.120]  and reading sheet music and having to go through
+[1377.120 --> 1379.800]  tons and tons of shitty bandmates and deal with record deals
+[1379.800 --> 1382.480]  and deal with crap managers and sleep in a van and do this.
+[1382.480 --> 1383.720]  It's like, well, hang on a second.
+[1383.720 --> 1385.760]  You just said that you wanted to be a rock star.
+[1385.760 --> 1388.280]  But like this is being, that's what being a rock star
+[1388.280 --> 1390.880]  is. It's all of that shit until you finally get
+[1390.880 --> 1393.560]  to play Wembley Arena or somewhere in Vegas.
+[1393.560 --> 1395.840]  That's the price that you are paying for this.
+[1395.840 --> 1397.560]  And a lot of the time, I think,
+[1397.560 --> 1399.520]  people would not put the hand in their pocket
+[1399.520 --> 1402.200]  and pay the price that they think they would be prepared
+[1402.200 --> 1404.440]  to pay for the dreams that they have.
+[1404.440 --> 1407.960]  It's the ones where you're actually able to get reality
+[1407.960 --> 1411.440]  to meet up with your pursuit where you end up making progress.
+[1412.440 --> 1414.480]  Yeah, I think you're exactly right.
+[1414.480 --> 1417.960]  We want to be John Lennon, right?
+[1417.960 --> 1422.960]  With 10 number one hits under our belt.
+[1423.240 --> 1427.280]  You don't realize number one, how many songs he wrote
+[1427.280 --> 1428.600]  that never made it.
+[1428.600 --> 1431.360]  You don't realize how many songs they threw away.
+[1431.360 --> 1435.760]  You don't realize the Beatles, how much time they spent
+[1435.760 --> 1438.200]  crossing the channel, going to Germany,
+[1438.200 --> 1441.920]  playing in these little clubs where, on a good night,
+[1441.920 --> 1444.840]  they would get 60 to 80 people.
+[1445.840 --> 1449.240]  And, you know, they were being paid, I think,
+[1450.360 --> 1455.360]  less than $60 in relative dollars for performing.
+[1455.400 --> 1459.200]  And they were sleeping through three to a room.
+[1459.200 --> 1462.640]  And it's not a pleasant life.
+[1464.240 --> 1467.040]  Everything comes at a price.
+[1468.440 --> 1471.680]  But if one thing instructed me,
+[1471.680 --> 1475.840]  and I'm sure you read it, you saw the story in the book
+[1475.840 --> 1480.840]  of this woman who does this needle work,
+[1480.840 --> 1482.880]  and I found her in Brazil.
+[1483.520 --> 1485.040]  And she was, no, no, no, no,
+[1485.040 --> 1487.000]  over South America for her needle work.
+[1487.000 --> 1488.840]  And she was blind.
+[1488.840 --> 1491.640]  She was blind and she was doing needle work.
+[1491.640 --> 1495.480]  And she had taught herself to thread count
+[1495.480 --> 1499.200]  with her fingertips, just like if you would read Braille.
+[1499.200 --> 1501.320]  And she could read the material.
+[1501.320 --> 1506.320]  And then, I mean, it was just being in her presence
+[1507.520 --> 1510.840]  was a wonderful experience.
+[1511.840 --> 1514.160]  This is what she wanted to do.
+[1514.160 --> 1516.400]  This is how she provided for her family.
+[1516.400 --> 1519.200]  And she was the best.
+[1519.200 --> 1524.200]  And she didn't let anything get in her way.
+[1525.560 --> 1530.560]  But again, is what price are you willing to pay?
+[1532.080 --> 1535.600]  Observation is like your specialist subject, right?
+[1535.600 --> 1537.560]  So let's say that we've got a beginner
+[1537.560 --> 1539.800]  who's never looked at non-verbals before.
+[1539.840 --> 1542.520]  What are the main things that somebody should be looking for?
+[1543.520 --> 1546.760]  Well, you know, obviously the face is the one thing
+[1546.760 --> 1551.320]  that we always notice.
+[1551.320 --> 1554.480]  Something so simple as, you know, when we like someone,
+[1554.480 --> 1559.000]  we arch the eyebrows, we say, hey, yeah, that's right.
+[1559.000 --> 1561.600]  So we emphasize with the eyes, Chris,
+[1561.600 --> 1564.600]  when you struggle with something, your eyelids come down
+[1564.600 --> 1566.320]  and they stay down for a little bit.
+[1566.320 --> 1568.480]  And that lets us know that, yeah,
+[1568.560 --> 1570.640]  you're struggling with that.
+[1571.880 --> 1575.120]  You know, our lips tend to compress.
+[1575.120 --> 1578.920]  One, we're struggling with something or we're in disagreement.
+[1578.920 --> 1580.800]  We purse our lips forward.
+[1581.760 --> 1584.360]  When we've made up our mind quite often,
+[1584.360 --> 1588.720]  we do jaw shifting when we have doubts.
+[1588.720 --> 1591.760]  Like, oh, yeah, right, mate.
+[1591.760 --> 1593.480]  You know, that sort of thing.
+[1594.400 --> 1597.360]  There's just, you know, there's so many things,
+[1597.360 --> 1601.520]  the little area between the eyes called the globella.
+[1601.520 --> 1604.680]  We furrow that when we don't understand something
+[1604.680 --> 1606.520]  or we're in disbelief.
+[1606.520 --> 1609.040]  There's all sorts of things about the body,
+[1609.040 --> 1612.440]  but one of the things, for instance,
+[1612.440 --> 1616.080]  the feet are actually one of the most honest parts
+[1616.080 --> 1620.400]  of the body because our feet don't have a contract.
+[1620.400 --> 1623.200]  So socially, if you smile, I smile.
+[1623.200 --> 1625.360]  So there's a social contract.
+[1625.360 --> 1628.480]  Almost everywhere in the world where Chris smiles,
+[1628.480 --> 1630.280]  I have to smile back, right?
+[1630.280 --> 1631.840]  But your feet don't.
+[1631.840 --> 1634.200]  If you don't like somebody,
+[1634.200 --> 1636.240]  often you'll see them enter a room
+[1636.240 --> 1638.200]  and they'll go, hey, how are you?
+[1638.200 --> 1640.920]  But the feet are facing away.
+[1640.920 --> 1644.720]  And we, the Olympic brain,
+[1644.720 --> 1646.920]  this more primitive area of the brain
+[1646.920 --> 1649.440]  that's really quite exquisite,
+[1649.440 --> 1653.080]  doesn't allow us to front things
+[1653.080 --> 1654.560]  that might be harmful to us.
+[1654.560 --> 1656.920]  So we turn it away.
+[1656.920 --> 1660.040]  And you'll see it with like little two-year-old kids.
+[1660.040 --> 1662.080]  They'll go, I don't want to talk to you.
+[1662.080 --> 1666.080]  It's like, well, nobody taught them that.
+[1666.080 --> 1667.640]  And yet they do it.
+[1667.640 --> 1672.640]  So there's those things or,
+[1674.440 --> 1677.560]  you'll see the comasher touching, right?
+[1677.560 --> 1679.880]  So these are the comasher of the mouth.
+[1679.880 --> 1681.920]  The corner's ill go.
+[1681.920 --> 1683.560]  Yeah.
+[1683.560 --> 1685.560]  You know that there's an issue.
+[1685.560 --> 1688.400]  There's a concern in their mind.
+[1688.400 --> 1690.920]  So we reveal a lot.
+[1690.920 --> 1693.840]  They said, obviously, this has nothing to do with deception.
+[1693.840 --> 1696.880]  We know that there's no single behavior
+[1696.880 --> 1698.320]  indicative of deception.
+[1699.280 --> 1704.040]  But it does give us clues as to what the person may be thinking.
+[1704.040 --> 1706.560]  And that's always useful.
+[1706.560 --> 1708.720]  What about proximity from someone?
+[1709.720 --> 1713.360]  That's a big issue because now we know
+[1713.360 --> 1717.640]  because of the pandemic that people want more space.
+[1717.640 --> 1724.160]  Proximix has more to do with culture and personal preferences.
+[1724.280 --> 1728.640]  So in Latin America, I come from Cuba.
+[1728.640 --> 1731.680]  And in Cuba, we stand very close to each other.
+[1731.680 --> 1734.560]  We touch each other a lot and so forth.
+[1734.560 --> 1736.760]  And then you go to Norway and Sweden,
+[1736.760 --> 1741.480]  which I have been and people stand further apart.
+[1741.480 --> 1744.080]  There's less touching and so forth.
+[1744.080 --> 1749.080]  So and that's a huge factor when you're trying to establish
+[1753.760 --> 1758.040]  a relationship is if you're constantly violating
+[1758.040 --> 1763.040]  somebody's space, then basically you're making them uncomfortable.
+[1764.040 --> 1767.520]  And that is not...
+[1769.520 --> 1772.840]  That just doesn't work over the long run
+[1772.840 --> 1777.040]  because all you can think about is, come on, buddy, back up.
+[1779.440 --> 1785.040]  You know, the brain says certain things is very binary.
+[1785.040 --> 1787.240]  We're either comfortable or uncomfortable.
+[1787.240 --> 1790.840]  If you get in an elevator and somebody gets too close to us,
+[1791.040 --> 1795.480]  you know, we start ventilating, we start touching our neck,
+[1795.480 --> 1799.240]  we do all sorts of things.
+[1799.240 --> 1803.120]  And it's the same thing that happens when we're in an argument.
+[1803.120 --> 1805.440]  And after the argument is over,
+[1805.440 --> 1808.520]  that's when you think of all the clever lines you should have said.
+[1808.520 --> 1810.360]  But in the argument, you can't think of it
+[1810.360 --> 1815.360]  because your brain is dealing with the arguing, the emotions.
+[1815.720 --> 1820.720]  And yeah, so we have to be mindful of space
+[1824.080 --> 1826.480]  and even where we look at each other, right?
+[1826.480 --> 1829.320]  Because you can look at somebody so intensely
+[1829.320 --> 1831.720]  that it makes them nervous.
+[1831.720 --> 1836.720]  Women often complain that, you know, men have to be reminded
+[1838.720 --> 1840.040]  that stay up here.
+[1840.560 --> 1844.480]  You know, you're not, you're not norad.
+[1844.480 --> 1847.240]  Your radar doesn't have to be all over the landscape
+[1847.240 --> 1848.880]  just right here, guys.
+[1848.880 --> 1851.920]  And I agree.
+[1851.920 --> 1856.920]  I, you know, in fact, the research shows that in a social setting
+[1857.640 --> 1861.600]  or a business setting, it really needs to stay just within
+[1861.600 --> 1865.920]  this area to make people comfortable.
+[1865.920 --> 1866.960]  So yeah.
+[1866.960 --> 1869.720]  How can people strengthen their powers of observation, then?
+[1869.720 --> 1873.480]  Let's say it's someone that isn't used to paying this much attention.
+[1875.360 --> 1878.680]  Well, I mean, that's a great question.
+[1878.680 --> 1880.720]  And it's one that I'm often asked and I say,
+[1880.720 --> 1886.160]  well, obviously, buy my books and so forth.
+[1886.160 --> 1889.360]  But that's just too easy.
+[1889.360 --> 1891.920]  There's several things that I've done over the years.
+[1891.920 --> 1896.760]  And one is, obviously, I've studied the literature.
+[1896.760 --> 1898.840]  I've written some of the literature,
+[1898.840 --> 1903.840]  but one of the things that I personally do is I try to watch films
+[1904.320 --> 1906.080]  from different cultures.
+[1906.080 --> 1911.080]  So big on my list are from Brazil, Korea,
+[1912.680 --> 1916.400]  Persian films I love, Turkish films,
+[1916.400 --> 1921.400]  Egyptian films and films from Mexico.
+[1922.920 --> 1926.800]  And some Japanese films.
+[1926.800 --> 1931.800]  And I watch them to study the body language
+[1933.480 --> 1937.320]  and to become more focused on the little subtle nuances,
+[1938.200 --> 1942.160]  something so simple as greeting behaviors,
+[1942.160 --> 1946.680]  turn yielding behaviors, who can look at whom
+[1947.960 --> 1951.200]  and validating that most of the non-verbals
+[1951.200 --> 1953.440]  that really matter are universal.
+[1953.520 --> 1958.000]  I mean, a smile is a smile, a nose wrinkle, right?
+[1958.000 --> 1959.600]  I mean, I've seen that in Japan.
+[1959.600 --> 1960.800]  I've seen it in Korea.
+[1960.800 --> 1963.560]  I've seen it in Iran.
+[1963.560 --> 1968.560]  So, you know, so I studied it that way,
+[1968.720 --> 1971.680]  but there are little tricks you can do.
+[1972.720 --> 1974.760]  So that can really help you.
+[1974.760 --> 1979.040]  One of the ones that I use is every once in a while
+[1979.040 --> 1981.080]  when I go outside,
+[1981.080 --> 1985.600]  I will do a quick scan and say,
+[1985.600 --> 1988.280]  okay, how many white cars, how many gray cars,
+[1988.280 --> 1990.800]  how many red cars,
+[1990.800 --> 1995.800]  and sort of work my way through that
+[1995.800 --> 1999.280]  as I go through a parking lot as I'm driving in.
+[1999.280 --> 2003.520]  And then as I'm walking away to, I'll say, okay, I was right.
+[2003.520 --> 2007.640]  There were two whites, one gray, one black.
+[2008.600 --> 2012.600]  And like any skill observation is a skill set
+[2014.800 --> 2016.680]  that you have to work at.
+[2016.680 --> 2019.440]  For two years, while I was in Puerto Rico,
+[2019.440 --> 2021.600]  they wanted me to be a supervisor.
+[2021.600 --> 2026.600]  And it didn't destroy, but it certainly hampered.
+[2026.960 --> 2030.440]  Once I went off the desk and was back on the street,
+[2031.400 --> 2033.320]  I could immediately tell the difference
+[2033.320 --> 2036.200]  of how much slower I was at observing.
+[2037.800 --> 2041.840]  Because on a desk, you look at,
+[2041.840 --> 2044.920]  you're doing this whole day out there,
+[2044.920 --> 2048.120]  you have to have situational awareness.
+[2048.120 --> 2051.080]  You forget that you're supposed to scan, right?
+[2051.080 --> 2055.280]  You're supposed to scan the world around you
+[2055.280 --> 2058.520]  and not focus on one little thing at a time.
+[2058.520 --> 2062.320]  So training yourself to do the quick scan
+[2062.320 --> 2067.320]  so you can read a whole room is something that we teach.
+[2068.120 --> 2070.640]  And you can become better at it.
+[2070.640 --> 2073.200]  You mentioned earlier on about emotions
+[2073.200 --> 2075.920]  and one of the elements that you identify
+[2075.920 --> 2078.720]  in good communication is the primacy of emotions.
+[2078.720 --> 2081.160]  Is that the same as controlling your emotions?
+[2081.160 --> 2084.000]  That what's the goal that we're trying to get through here?
+[2084.000 --> 2085.360]  That's a good question.
+[2085.360 --> 2090.360]  Let's differentiate from a biological
+[2091.600 --> 2095.600]  as well as a evolutionary perspective.
+[2095.600 --> 2100.480]  There had to be a quick efficient system to protect us.
+[2100.480 --> 2104.440]  And that became our emotional system.
+[2104.440 --> 2109.000]  And I say that because the emotional system
+[2109.000 --> 2112.560]  has actually very little thinking going on.
+[2112.560 --> 2116.080]  So if all of a sudden, I were to,
+[2116.080 --> 2118.080]  if we were in the same room, Chris,
+[2118.080 --> 2121.040]  and somebody brought it in a Bengal tiger,
+[2121.040 --> 2125.640]  we would probably stand or sit very still.
+[2125.640 --> 2128.840]  We would kind of like not move.
+[2128.840 --> 2132.040]  We just, do you see that beast?
+[2132.040 --> 2134.960]  Well, you know, I just don't say anything, right?
+[2136.720 --> 2141.240]  This is your emotional brain working,
+[2141.240 --> 2145.240]  which says in the face of fear,
+[2145.240 --> 2148.200]  in the face of a threat, freeze.
+[2148.200 --> 2149.760]  The freeze response kicks in.
+[2149.760 --> 2151.360]  People think it's fight or flight.
+[2151.360 --> 2154.160]  It's not. It's freeze flight fight.
+[2155.200 --> 2159.960]  And so there's the primacy of emotions.
+[2159.960 --> 2164.360]  If I walk by you and throw a punch,
+[2164.360 --> 2167.160]  well, if you had to think about it,
+[2167.160 --> 2168.880]  you know, and say, well, you know,
+[2168.880 --> 2171.360]  I'm built better than Joan of R.O.
+[2171.360 --> 2173.960]  My arm, you know, I've got Chris Williamson
+[2173.960 --> 2176.080]  has guns in his arms.
+[2176.080 --> 2179.720]  Joe's an old man, you know, you're doing the math.
+[2179.720 --> 2183.720]  I know you're having a visual.
+[2183.720 --> 2185.400]  You really don't want to count.
+[2185.400 --> 2190.440]  And if we had evolved that way,
+[2190.440 --> 2191.680]  we'd all be dead.
+[2191.680 --> 2194.440]  We'd be thinking, is that a friendly snake
+[2194.440 --> 2195.920]  or is it ill tempered?
+[2197.320 --> 2201.760]  So our brain is kind of hectic.
+[2201.760 --> 2206.760]  It evolved to deal with the emotional security stuff first
+[2207.280 --> 2208.680]  and foremost.
+[2208.680 --> 2212.120]  And that's why when we're stressed,
+[2212.120 --> 2214.200]  we forget where the keys are.
+[2214.200 --> 2216.320]  And we forget the clever lines
+[2216.320 --> 2218.400]  because emotions have primacy.
+[2218.400 --> 2220.280]  Now, having said that,
+[2220.280 --> 2224.760]  that doesn't mean that we can't take control of our emotions.
+[2224.760 --> 2228.880]  What that means is when we have the opportunity,
+[2228.880 --> 2231.560]  which is different, when we have the opportunity
+[2231.560 --> 2236.560]  to reflect, to deal with emotional situations,
+[2236.560 --> 2241.040]  you know, you have a child that does something wrong.
+[2241.040 --> 2243.520]  Okay, they're going to do things wrong.
+[2243.520 --> 2247.720]  How do I deal with that rather than fly off the handle?
+[2247.720 --> 2249.080]  That's the difference.
+[2249.080 --> 2252.480]  Where you have an opportunity to assess
+[2252.480 --> 2257.720]  the emotions of the moment versus something that's reactive.
+[2257.720 --> 2259.720]  I mean, if a car's coming at you,
+[2259.720 --> 2263.560]  you're not going to be able to think too much about that.
+[2263.680 --> 2268.680]  That's where, and, you know, containing impulsiveness, right?
+[2271.880 --> 2274.320]  There's a lot of people that are impulsive.
+[2274.320 --> 2275.320]  You know, you ask them,
+[2275.320 --> 2277.080]  well, how much savings do you have?
+[2277.080 --> 2279.920]  Well, I haven't been able to save any money.
+[2279.920 --> 2284.920]  Well, yeah, but you're spending more money on your car than,
+[2285.000 --> 2287.720]  so they're very impulsive with certain things.
+[2288.680 --> 2290.040]  And that's part of it too,
+[2290.040 --> 2292.400]  is is raining yourself in.
+[2292.400 --> 2298.120]  And that's emotional mastery.
+[2298.120 --> 2299.640]  Yeah.
+[2299.640 --> 2303.920]  It's so unfortunate that the high-pressure situations
+[2303.920 --> 2306.920]  that we get ourselves into are the ones where our physiology
+[2306.920 --> 2309.320]  makes our brains so ill-prepared for it.
+[2309.320 --> 2312.120]  So you do a big event, you've got a big talk coming up.
+[2312.120 --> 2314.080]  It's your first one, a lot's on the line.
+[2314.080 --> 2316.000]  You really, really need to nail this.
+[2316.000 --> 2318.280]  And then the night before you don't sleep
+[2318.280 --> 2320.760]  because you're terrified and you wake up the next morning
+[2320.760 --> 2321.760]  and you're unprepared.
+[2321.760 --> 2325.200]  And what's happening in the body and the brain
+[2325.200 --> 2327.360]  when we're going through that sort of pressure situation?
+[2327.360 --> 2330.200]  It's an awkward conversation with a partner or a boss
+[2330.200 --> 2332.000]  or there's something that we're concerned about.
+[2332.000 --> 2332.880]  What's happening to us?
+[2333.840 --> 2338.840]  What's happening to us is you literally are.
+[2339.080 --> 2341.640]  It's an electrochemical imbalance.
+[2341.640 --> 2346.640]  You are your serotonin levels may be down.
+[2347.880 --> 2350.080]  You probably haven't been sleeping.
+[2350.080 --> 2351.280]  You haven't been eating right.
+[2351.280 --> 2353.280]  So your sugar levels are off.
+[2355.440 --> 2358.960]  Your cortisol is flowing because you're having
+[2358.960 --> 2363.960]  this difficult conversation or your nervous or your tense.
+[2364.120 --> 2369.440]  And people forget the human brain is the most complex thing
+[2369.440 --> 2371.440]  in the universe without question.
+[2371.440 --> 2375.600]  The sun, that's easy to explain.
+[2375.600 --> 2379.960]  The human brain, we have no idea what's going out.
+[2379.960 --> 2383.440]  We don't even know how memories are really built.
+[2383.440 --> 2389.440]  Synapses are reaching out to axioms, all sorts of things.
+[2391.920 --> 2397.160]  We respond to the world around us.
+[2401.080 --> 2405.680]  For the most part, we have a certain amount of control
+[2405.680 --> 2407.120]  but it can be overwhelming.
+[2407.120 --> 2408.600]  And I've been in those situations.
+[2408.640 --> 2412.400]  Oh my gosh, you're going to do your first TED talk.
+[2413.200 --> 2415.400]  How's that going to go over?
+[2415.400 --> 2418.240]  And you worry.
+[2418.240 --> 2421.320]  But then you start to think, wait a minute.
+[2421.320 --> 2424.280]  This is where mastery comes in.
+[2424.280 --> 2426.280]  What do I know?
+[2426.280 --> 2430.280]  Well, anyone in the audience know as much
+[2430.280 --> 2432.800]  about this topic as I will.
+[2432.800 --> 2436.600]  How many people have arrested a spy here?
+[2436.640 --> 2439.520]  How many people have arrested seven or eight spies?
+[2439.520 --> 2443.520]  How many people have listened in on the conversations
+[2443.520 --> 2447.120]  of the mafia, the Joe Bonanel family in New York?
+[2447.120 --> 2452.120]  How many people have investigated 25 homicides in two years?
+[2453.560 --> 2457.760]  And then you realize, okay, okay, start to settle down.
+[2457.760 --> 2461.480]  These people have an experience, what you've experienced.
+[2461.480 --> 2465.360]  You know, it's, well, why if there's PhDs in the audience?
+[2465.400 --> 2469.520]  How many of them have interviewed 13,000 people?
+[2470.960 --> 2475.640]  You know, then you start to say to yourself,
+[2475.640 --> 2477.960]  and everybody can do this.
+[2477.960 --> 2479.040]  What do I know?
+[2479.040 --> 2480.520]  How do I know it?
+[2480.520 --> 2482.600]  Have I rehearsed it?
+[2482.600 --> 2487.080]  And then you can sort of will yourself back up
+[2487.080 --> 2488.640]  to where you really belong?
+[2488.640 --> 2490.720]  Because it's easy to crush yourself and say,
+[2490.720 --> 2493.240]  oh my God, there's going to be 600 people there.
+[2493.320 --> 2496.160]  And these people are my equals and they know stuff.
+[2499.600 --> 2504.600]  But yeah, you can resuscitate yourself if you need to.
+[2504.800 --> 2509.800]  And sometimes, you know, it's overwhelming that I say,
+[2512.160 --> 2514.920]  find a wall and push it.
+[2514.920 --> 2519.320]  Just push it, just push that wall.
+[2519.320 --> 2522.080]  And one of the interesting things that happens is
+[2522.120 --> 2525.320]  that in the effort to push that wall,
+[2526.360 --> 2530.120]  that you're forcing your muscles
+[2530.120 --> 2533.640]  to then send signals to the brain,
+[2533.640 --> 2538.640]  which then begin to create that homeostasis
+[2539.440 --> 2543.720]  that we need because your brain can only handle so many things.
+[2543.720 --> 2547.560]  And if you're sitting there pushing just as hard as you can,
+[2547.560 --> 2550.840]  your brain really can't do two things at once.
+[2550.840 --> 2554.160]  It's strange that because we have the same reaction
+[2554.160 --> 2558.120]  innately when we stop our toe or you get kicked in the shin
+[2558.120 --> 2561.480]  because the reason that you rub it is because the brain struggles
+[2561.480 --> 2566.280]  to send the sensation of both pain and rubbing at the same time.
+[2566.280 --> 2567.520]  Exactly.
+[2567.520 --> 2572.520]  And if you get kicked in one leg and then get kicked in the other,
+[2572.520 --> 2575.880]  trust me, I've played American football.
+[2575.880 --> 2577.760]  The first one you forget about,
+[2577.760 --> 2580.400]  it's the second one that takes over.
+[2580.440 --> 2583.320]  It's the same technique that we teach for instance,
+[2583.320 --> 2587.440]  people who all of a sudden are having a panic attack
+[2587.440 --> 2592.440]  and you say squeeze the nerve that lies here
+[2593.120 --> 2597.720]  between the comasher of the index finger and the thumb.
+[2597.720 --> 2602.240]  There's a nerve there that if you squeeze it really hard,
+[2602.240 --> 2604.520]  it's extremely painful.
+[2606.120 --> 2610.360]  And all of a sudden, if you do that for about 10 or 12 seconds,
+[2610.680 --> 2614.360]  and you hold that, all of a sudden you find yourself,
+[2614.360 --> 2615.920]  where's my anxiety?
+[2615.920 --> 2617.760]  Where has that gone?
+[2617.760 --> 2621.160]  I had a brain that's is handling one thing at a time.
+[2621.160 --> 2622.960]  I had a really interesting experience with this.
+[2622.960 --> 2626.560]  I came off a moped in Bali because I'm an awful tourist
+[2626.560 --> 2629.600]  that can't ride bikes and hit the deck,
+[2629.600 --> 2633.480]  grazed all one side of me, but because I'm a bro,
+[2633.480 --> 2635.120]  I decided that we were going to go to the beach club
+[2635.120 --> 2636.520]  in any case and the lads that I was with
+[2636.520 --> 2637.600]  would clean me up when we were there.
+[2637.600 --> 2639.000]  So we stopped in a pharmacy,
+[2639.000 --> 2641.760]  continued onto the beach club as basically one entire side
+[2641.760 --> 2643.160]  of me is covered in blood.
+[2643.160 --> 2645.360]  And we sat down and I had a beer and they were like,
+[2645.360 --> 2647.960]  look, right, we'll get started with this.
+[2647.960 --> 2651.560]  So I had shoulder, elbow, knee and top of foot.
+[2651.560 --> 2655.600]  And that was in order of ascending extremity as well.
+[2655.600 --> 2657.520]  So it was worse, the foot was the worst than the knee,
+[2657.520 --> 2659.400]  then so the guys were going through it
+[2659.400 --> 2662.960]  and they had alcohol swabs, they had iodine
+[2662.960 --> 2664.040]  and then they had dressing.
+[2664.040 --> 2665.920]  So we're going to do all of this in the middle of a beach club,
+[2665.920 --> 2667.160]  which is an experience.
+[2667.160 --> 2671.080]  And you're right, like each time that they did it,
+[2671.080 --> 2673.680]  it was the most painful thing that I'd ever felt.
+[2673.680 --> 2675.840]  And anyone that's listening that's never had alcohol
+[2675.840 --> 2679.760]  in an open wound, it is, it burst through the ceiling
+[2679.760 --> 2681.680]  of what I thought my nerves could communicate.
+[2681.680 --> 2683.480]  I thought, I understand what pain is,
+[2683.480 --> 2685.360]  I understand the amount of signals
+[2685.360 --> 2687.880]  that a part of my body can send to my brain.
+[2687.880 --> 2688.920]  Nah, fuck off.
+[2688.920 --> 2691.400]  This can go completely through the ceiling.
+[2691.400 --> 2694.560]  So it's like putting a cigarette out on your skin.
+[2694.560 --> 2696.240]  Dude, it was insane.
+[2696.240 --> 2698.160]  So he does the first one and I'm like,
+[2698.160 --> 2700.680]  this is, I can't believe how painful this is.
+[2700.680 --> 2701.960]  And then he puts a bit of dressing on
+[2701.960 --> 2704.800]  and then the next one happens and the first one stopped.
+[2704.800 --> 2707.520]  And it was kind of interesting to see
+[2707.520 --> 2710.880]  that sort of discreet pain receptor going.
+[2710.880 --> 2713.400]  Also, the funniest part of it, whenever I look back,
+[2713.400 --> 2715.280]  the guy that was doing it was being very kind
+[2715.280 --> 2717.360]  to it, I'd ruined at least an hour of our day
+[2717.360 --> 2718.400]  because I'd come off this bike
+[2718.400 --> 2720.000]  and he was going to have to spend his time
+[2720.000 --> 2721.400]  as opposed to speaking to the pretty girls
+[2721.400 --> 2724.080]  in the beach club he was going to have to clean me up.
+[2725.000 --> 2727.160]  As he was doing it, he knew it was hurting me
+[2727.160 --> 2729.120]  and I was like grit in my teeth
+[2729.120 --> 2731.440]  and like continuing your drink beer in between it.
+[2731.440 --> 2733.080]  And all that he kept on saying was,
+[2733.080 --> 2735.040]  I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm so sorry.
+[2735.040 --> 2736.560]  And I was like, yeah, I know, but you have to do it.
+[2736.560 --> 2737.400]  So just keep on doing it.
+[2737.400 --> 2738.400]  I appreciate you doing this.
+[2738.400 --> 2740.560]  He's like, yeah, I know, but I'm just so sorry.
+[2740.560 --> 2742.680]  I'm just inflicting pain on me
+[2742.680 --> 2744.720]  in the middle of this beach club.
+[2744.720 --> 2748.960]  So yeah, I see that and the way that it happens.
+[2748.960 --> 2751.040]  Another thing there, that got to a point
+[2751.040 --> 2752.840]  when he did my foot, which was basically
+[2752.840 --> 2754.520]  the entire top of my foot had come off.
+[2755.520 --> 2757.560]  It was so painful that I started laughing.
+[2759.240 --> 2761.360]  That was the level of pain that it got to.
+[2761.360 --> 2763.000]  I burst out laughing.
+[2763.000 --> 2764.760]  It almost didn't hurt because I was like,
+[2764.760 --> 2768.200]  this is so painful, it's ridiculous.
+[2768.200 --> 2769.520]  It's absolutely absurd.
+[2769.520 --> 2770.600]  It's insanity.
+[2770.600 --> 2771.640]  Totally absurd.
+[2772.600 --> 2775.040]  Yeah, for some reason I started laughing, which was.
+[2775.040 --> 2777.360]  Yeah, that's interesting.
+[2777.360 --> 2782.360]  Yeah, by the way, I was also a medic in the Bureau.
+[2782.640 --> 2784.880]  Don't put alcohol on an open wound.
+[2786.880 --> 2789.640]  Dealing with people that were rigors
+[2789.640 --> 2791.280]  that had taken a first aid course,
+[2791.280 --> 2793.360]  talking to someone that's never taken any.
+[2793.360 --> 2795.120]  So they were doing their best.
+[2795.120 --> 2797.000]  Did you, did you, did I just hear you right,
+[2797.000 --> 2798.440]  say that you were part of the team
+[2798.440 --> 2800.520]  that surveilled the banana crime family?
+[2802.080 --> 2805.480]  Yeah, one of the things that happens in the bureaus,
+[2805.480 --> 2807.400]  we only have so many agents.
+[2807.400 --> 2811.720]  So every once in a while, you're, I think you would say
+[2812.600 --> 2817.600]  in the UK, you would be seconded to another group.
+[2818.240 --> 2822.760]  And for about a year, I was, I was loaned or seconded
+[2822.760 --> 2826.920]  to the group that was working on the Joe Bonano.
+[2826.920 --> 2829.880]  And so here's all these made guys who years later,
+[2829.880 --> 2832.520]  you would, you would be watching the sopranos
+[2832.520 --> 2834.440]  and they said, yeah, that's how they talked.
+[2835.600 --> 2838.520]  You know, they'd be, yeah, forget about it.
+[2838.520 --> 2840.800]  Which one was, how was that one bugged?
+[2840.800 --> 2843.560]  Was that the one in the house or the one in the car?
+[2844.320 --> 2849.320]  Oh, the, well, that one, I don't talk about in the book.
+[2850.840 --> 2855.280]  What the banana family was doing was,
+[2855.280 --> 2859.400]  they were going to, this was in the 80s,
+[2859.400 --> 2861.800]  so there were still a payphones.
+[2861.800 --> 2864.760]  So they would go to payphones around the city
+[2864.760 --> 2868.280]  and they would call each other using payphones,
+[2868.280 --> 2871.440]  thinking that the FBI wasn't sophisticated.
+[2872.840 --> 2877.840]  We had what's called a roving warrant
+[2878.280 --> 2883.280]  that basically we would intercept what was going on
+[2884.800 --> 2889.800]  at the main junction of AT&T or whoever it was.
+[2891.840 --> 2894.880]  And, and then we would, we would say, okay,
+[2894.920 --> 2897.120]  they're calling this number.
+[2897.120 --> 2900.840]  And then the warrant applies to this phone number.
+[2900.840 --> 2903.400]  So they would, they would be sitting there with quarters,
+[2903.400 --> 2906.240]  dropping quarters, thinking, oh, this is really smart.
+[2906.240 --> 2910.600]  And we're sitting there, you know, with, with recording equipment,
+[2912.560 --> 2913.720]  getting at all.
+[2914.560 --> 2917.800]  But I'll tell you what, you really learn about,
+[2917.800 --> 2920.760]  about morality and the lack thereof.
+[2920.760 --> 2922.840]  I mean, they're talking about either,
+[2922.880 --> 2924.640]  well, we either bribe the witness
+[2924.640 --> 2926.920]  or we just grab one of their family members
+[2926.920 --> 2927.840]  and torture them.
+[2927.840 --> 2929.440]  I'm just like, wow.
+[2930.880 --> 2933.120]  It's like these people have no morals.
+[2933.120 --> 2935.440]  That just bothered with outcomes.
+[2935.440 --> 2936.560]  That's all they cared about.
+[2936.560 --> 2937.560]  That's all they cared about.
+[2937.560 --> 2939.840]  I mean, there's a scene in one of the,
+[2940.960 --> 2944.400]  in a movie about the mafia where you see these guys,
+[2945.800 --> 2947.000]  just for the sake of it,
+[2947.000 --> 2949.320]  they're trying to take a part a parking meter,
+[2949.320 --> 2954.320]  which probably has maybe $5 worth of quarters in it.
+[2954.680 --> 2958.600]  And they were relentless in things like this.
+[2958.600 --> 2962.680]  It didn't matter as long as it was an illegal way
+[2962.680 --> 2963.600]  of getting money.
+[2963.600 --> 2967.360]  They would spend hours on it, not realizing that,
+[2967.360 --> 2972.080]  if you value yourself at, let's say, $5 an hour,
+[2972.080 --> 2974.800]  this is actually money coming out of your pocket.
+[2974.800 --> 2976.680]  It didn't matter to them.
+[2976.680 --> 2978.400]  As long as it was illegal.
+[2978.400 --> 2982.720]  That's so they were all so seduced by the idea
+[2982.720 --> 2986.400]  of a criminal activity that it blinded them
+[2986.400 --> 2988.640]  sometimes to the actual outcomes that they were getting
+[2988.640 --> 2989.480]  from it.
+[2989.480 --> 2990.320]  That's interesting.
+[2990.320 --> 2992.520]  If they had opened a pizzeria,
+[2992.520 --> 2997.520]  they would have probably made a $1.10 on a dollar
+[3000.360 --> 3001.200]  investment.
+[3001.200 --> 3004.040]  They'd be making money, but they didn't want to be legitimate.
+[3004.040 --> 3007.360]  For them, working was illegitimate.
+[3007.360 --> 3012.360]  And they would do anything to work against it.
+[3013.560 --> 3015.120]  But interesting.
+[3015.120 --> 3016.960]  Let's say that someone's having a conversation
+[3016.960 --> 3020.800]  with an interlocutor and it's getting a little bit heated
+[3020.800 --> 3023.880]  or you can't really get that other person to communicate
+[3023.880 --> 3025.120]  in an effective way.
+[3025.120 --> 3027.480]  What are some of the strategies that people could use
+[3027.480 --> 3029.960]  to improve their communication in that situation,
+[3029.960 --> 3031.840]  to kind of de-escalate it, to bring it down
+[3031.840 --> 3034.320]  and to start getting everyone at the table again?
+[3035.280 --> 3038.720]  Are you going to try this at one of the football games there?
+[3038.720 --> 3040.440]  That's not going to happen.
+[3040.440 --> 3042.000]  I work in a lot of nightclubs, though.
+[3042.000 --> 3043.760]  So I stand on the front door of a lot of nightclubs
+[3043.760 --> 3045.920]  and very many times people say,
+[3045.920 --> 3046.960]  why am I not coming in?
+[3046.960 --> 3048.800]  Why it's because you don't have any identification?
+[3048.800 --> 3050.360]  Well, I've got a photo of it on my phone.
+[3050.360 --> 3051.600]  I'm sorry, I can't accept that.
+[3051.600 --> 3054.000]  Blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah.
+[3054.000 --> 3059.720]  This is such a big issue now because we seem to be more
+[3059.720 --> 3060.560]  intolerant.
+[3060.560 --> 3063.720]  We seem to be lacking the social skills
+[3063.720 --> 3065.560]  that we once had.
+[3065.560 --> 3068.280]  One of the things that I try to tell people
+[3068.280 --> 3074.080]  is that distance always helps angling away.
+[3074.080 --> 3079.160]  So this is very intense, but if you angle away,
+[3079.160 --> 3083.440]  if you can create some space, even something
+[3083.440 --> 3089.280]  as subconscious as doing an artificial cathartic exhale,
+[3089.280 --> 3092.640]  where you go, right?
+[3094.240 --> 3099.160]  Just doing that exhale, let's see other person know
+[3099.160 --> 3103.000]  at a subconscious level that things need to calm down.
+[3103.000 --> 3108.000]  I learned that trick when I was going through a paramedic training
+[3108.000 --> 3112.440]  at Roosevelt Road's Naval Hospital in Puerto Rico.
+[3112.440 --> 3117.160]  And the ER doctor said he didn't remember where he had learned it.
+[3117.160 --> 3119.800]  He said, but a lot of times you come in
+[3119.800 --> 3122.280]  and the family members are all upset
+[3122.280 --> 3125.640]  because their son or daughter is injured.
+[3125.640 --> 3129.000]  And he says, I just found that by exhaling,
+[3129.000 --> 3131.360]  taking a deep breath and exhaling,
+[3131.360 --> 3134.960]  then it somehow got other people to calm down.
+[3134.960 --> 3136.720]  And I've used it ever since.
+[3136.720 --> 3141.720]  I didn't create this, but I've certainly used it.
+[3141.720 --> 3146.320]  And there's something about that that helps to calm things down.
+[3146.320 --> 3149.240]  The other thing is that antagonizes us
+[3149.240 --> 3152.560]  is too much eye contact.
+[3152.560 --> 3155.600]  So reducing the eye contact.
+[3155.600 --> 3160.440]  So as you said, you're working at the front door,
+[3160.440 --> 3165.000]  maybe looking over the person or just around the nose area,
+[3165.000 --> 3171.880]  but not that direct eye contact sometimes helps.
+[3171.880 --> 3178.120]  But there are people who either have so much alcohol in them,
+[3178.120 --> 3183.800]  or they're just really emotionally unstable.
+[3183.800 --> 3186.360]  And you just have to be aware that there
+[3186.360 --> 3190.480]  are limits to what we can do, to the softer voice,
+[3190.480 --> 3196.840]  to the deeper voice, whether we say stop with our fingers
+[3196.840 --> 3201.800]  together or we spread them out, and say, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, slow down.
+[3202.240 --> 3204.640]  It doesn't work that way.
+[3204.640 --> 3206.880]  There's things we can do.
+[3206.880 --> 3210.000]  It's a baptism of fire doing de-escalation on the front door of a nightclub.
+[3210.000 --> 3215.800]  The degree to which people's rationality has been completely divorced is,
+[3215.800 --> 3217.720]  it's a sight to behold, man.
+[3217.720 --> 3223.920]  Girls tend to get either indignant or hysterical.
+[3223.920 --> 3227.320]  If they've been typical, one is they've had a bit too much to drink,
+[3227.320 --> 3229.520]  or they've been caught inside doing something that they shouldn't,
+[3229.520 --> 3233.360]  and they get brought out by the door staff, and the door staff take them outside,
+[3233.360 --> 3235.480]  and say, look, that's you for the night time.
+[3235.480 --> 3237.560]  You're not coming back into this venue tonight.
+[3237.560 --> 3239.760]  And what happens is the guys that stand on the front door,
+[3239.760 --> 3242.560]  so the door staff that stand next to me and my boys,
+[3242.560 --> 3246.280]  they're the ones that deal with the yapping for however long it is.
+[3246.280 --> 3250.200]  And yeah, there tends to be a bunch of different reactions from guys.
+[3250.200 --> 3256.840]  It'll be usually trying to give some sort of rational explanation
+[3256.840 --> 3259.120]  to try and appeal to the rationality of the door staff,
+[3259.240 --> 3261.400]  and then if that doesn't work, it goes to insults.
+[3261.400 --> 3268.920]  Girls tend to, in my experience, be quite indignant and can't believe that it's happened,
+[3268.920 --> 3270.640]  and then it turns into hysterics.
+[3270.640 --> 3273.560]  And this is, when people have had too much to drink,
+[3273.560 --> 3276.720]  there's nothing that you can say.
+[3276.720 --> 3280.480]  So all of the best ideas in the world as you're talking about here,
+[3280.480 --> 3282.040]  they just simply go out of the window.
+[3282.040 --> 3284.560]  There really isn't much that you can do.
+[3284.560 --> 3287.200]  Yeah, then you're really limited.
+[3287.200 --> 3293.640]  Now you've got, if you're lucky, it's alcohol,
+[3293.640 --> 3300.560]  if you're dealing with people that are on some bizarre homemade drug,
+[3300.560 --> 3307.560]  it can be really scary because sometimes they present as having no fear.
+[3307.560 --> 3310.240]  They don't mind escalating.
+[3310.240 --> 3313.040]  You basically have not talking to a person anymore.
+[3313.040 --> 3316.480]  The rules and the procedures that you have in your head
+[3316.480 --> 3319.720]  aren't the game that that person is playing anymore.
+[3319.720 --> 3327.040]  Well, we see that with these, I guess, the term that's often used at these games,
+[3327.040 --> 3331.840]  these hooligans, who, I mean, they're almost reptilian.
+[3331.840 --> 3335.080]  They just want to fight scratch, hurt,
+[3337.120 --> 3340.840]  and they really have almost no conscience.
+[3340.840 --> 3346.080]  And I've seen it where, one eight hours earlier,
+[3346.080 --> 3351.200]  they were fine, and now they're so inflamed that,
+[3351.200 --> 3354.880]  and it doesn't help that they're surrounded by their buddies that are...
+[3354.880 --> 3355.960]  Crowd mentality.
+[3355.960 --> 3359.440]  Crowd mentality plus a little bit of an ebriation is a hell of a drug.
+[3359.440 --> 3360.480]  Hell of a drug.
+[3360.480 --> 3364.080]  It's scary. It can be scary.
+[3364.080 --> 3367.440]  I talked to a woman once who was the door person.
+[3367.440 --> 3370.320]  She was, we call them the bouncer.
+[3370.320 --> 3374.880]  And she, in fact,
+[3374.880 --> 3377.280]  I talked to her not that long ago,
+[3377.280 --> 3380.240]  but she had told me this story two years ago,
+[3380.240 --> 3384.720]  and she said, yeah, once they start drinking, it's a problem.
+[3384.720 --> 3390.080]  But, you know, I try to address it as early as possible.
+[3390.080 --> 3393.680]  That, when I'm in that line,
+[3393.680 --> 3396.080]  I don't wait till they're right in front of me.
+[3396.080 --> 3402.080]  If I can begin to address things while they're still further behind,
+[3402.080 --> 3407.680]  I will say, no, so and so,
+[3407.680 --> 3410.400]  you know that you're barred from this,
+[3410.400 --> 3412.720]  that don't even bother coming in.
+[3412.720 --> 3415.520]  So she tries to address it as far out,
+[3415.520 --> 3417.280]  and she's not a...
+[3417.280 --> 3419.200]  You know, she's slight, built woman,
+[3419.200 --> 3421.760]  but, you know, she, as we say,
+[3421.760 --> 3425.200]  she's a tough-as-woodpecker lips.
+[3425.200 --> 3429.200]  You don't want to piss her off.
+[3429.200 --> 3430.080]  That works really well.
+[3430.080 --> 3432.240]  So we have a dormant doing what we call scanning.
+[3432.240 --> 3433.520]  So he'll move up and down the queue.
+[3433.520 --> 3434.960]  A lot of our events are for students.
+[3434.960 --> 3437.840]  And then sometimes there'll just be a group of guys
+[3437.840 --> 3440.240]  on a stag party that are 40 years old.
+[3440.240 --> 3441.920]  And the guy will just move down the queue,
+[3441.920 --> 3444.640]  and we'll try and get them before they get to the front.
+[3444.640 --> 3445.760]  Because when you're at the front,
+[3445.760 --> 3446.480]  there's...
+[3446.480 --> 3448.160]  It almost feels like a stage.
+[3448.160 --> 3449.680]  So the pressure's turned up a little bit,
+[3449.680 --> 3451.200]  and if you have to turn people away there,
+[3451.200 --> 3453.360]  plus they've wasted more time standing in the queue,
+[3453.360 --> 3455.760]  which makes them predisposed to be a bit pissy.
+[3455.760 --> 3459.040]  So yeah, we use that, and it works.
+[3459.280 --> 3460.600]  It seems to work really well.
+[3460.600 --> 3465.040]  Talking about having someone angle their body away,
+[3465.040 --> 3467.840]  I'm friends with a guy called Dr. Stu McGill,
+[3467.840 --> 3471.280]  who's the world's expert in lower back pain,
+[3471.280 --> 3474.440]  incredibly good physician, unbelievable.
+[3474.440 --> 3477.320]  And he, I went to go and see him in Canada.
+[3477.320 --> 3478.960]  I went to go and get an assessment off him after I'd had him
+[3478.960 --> 3480.240]  on the show, and I went and stayed with him,
+[3480.240 --> 3481.320]  and went fishing and stuff.
+[3481.320 --> 3483.920]  And when he sat me down, he gave me like the full Monty
+[3483.920 --> 3486.600]  of his experience when you do an assessment.
+[3486.640 --> 3489.560]  And the way that he has his living room constructed
+[3489.560 --> 3490.880]  is that he has a single chair,
+[3490.880 --> 3492.680]  a very nice comfortable single chair,
+[3492.680 --> 3494.240]  and that's where the client sits.
+[3494.240 --> 3498.400]  And then he has an adjacent, so forward and to the side,
+[3498.400 --> 3499.840]  he has a couch.
+[3499.840 --> 3501.680]  So it's like an L, but there's no L on it.
+[3501.680 --> 3503.080]  And you're sat at the foot of the L,
+[3503.080 --> 3504.920]  and he's sat on the upright part,
+[3504.920 --> 3506.800]  and then directly opposite where you're sat,
+[3506.800 --> 3510.160]  he's got a fireplace, and the fireplace is always on.
+[3510.160 --> 3512.240]  And he was talking to me afterward,
+[3512.240 --> 3514.640]  and he'd said that throughout all of his time
+[3514.640 --> 3517.640]  there's a clinician testing and split testing,
+[3517.640 --> 3520.840]  and trying to get people to open up about their imbalances
+[3520.840 --> 3522.440]  and the way that they move and stuff like that.
+[3522.440 --> 3525.480]  He found that by having them sat looking forward,
+[3525.480 --> 3528.240]  looking at a fireplace, and him just sat to one side,
+[3528.240 --> 3530.240]  still speaking to them, still facing them,
+[3530.240 --> 3531.800]  but not directly facing them,
+[3531.800 --> 3534.880]  he found that that really got people to open up.
+[3534.880 --> 3538.440]  It's interesting that you have that same insight as well.
+[3538.440 --> 3543.120]  Well, I would add even this further,
+[3543.120 --> 3545.680]  and I agree with that completely.
+[3547.480 --> 3549.800]  One of the things that I had to do was
+[3549.800 --> 3553.720]  to get people to confess to being spies.
+[3553.720 --> 3558.120]  That's a tough job because all the evidence is overseas.
+[3559.440 --> 3563.600]  And the Russians, they weren't particularly keen
+[3563.600 --> 3565.680]  on helping us out, so they're not gonna give us
+[3565.680 --> 3566.720]  the evidence back.
+[3566.720 --> 3571.720]  So getting people to confess was not easy,
+[3572.240 --> 3577.240]  but what I found was that the most success I had
+[3579.200 --> 3583.000]  was not interviewing people in an office setting
+[3583.000 --> 3584.520]  or in an interview room.
+[3585.600 --> 3588.600]  First of all, most interview rooms aren't designed
+[3588.600 --> 3591.360]  by people who know anything about interviewing,
+[3591.360 --> 3593.840]  so you see them sitting across from each other.
+[3595.320 --> 3599.840]  Most of the espionage interviews that I did
+[3599.960 --> 3604.640]  without exception were usually in hotel rooms
+[3604.640 --> 3606.920]  that we rented for that purpose,
+[3606.920 --> 3611.240]  and we always sat either on a couch
+[3611.240 --> 3614.600]  or a combination of couch and chairs,
+[3614.600 --> 3617.240]  but we never sat across from each other.
+[3617.240 --> 3619.160]  We always sat at angles.
+[3620.000 --> 3624.800]  And I was criticized a lot by a lot of the old timers,
+[3624.800 --> 3626.960]  and they would say, well, just bring them in
+[3626.960 --> 3628.960]  and you know, sit them in a cross from you,
+[3629.800 --> 3630.800]  and you don't understand.
+[3630.800 --> 3631.640]  I'm not.
+[3632.560 --> 3634.440]  Yeah, you don't understand.
+[3634.440 --> 3639.440]  I'm doing interviews that will last six, seven hours,
+[3640.240 --> 3645.240]  and I want this person to open up,
+[3645.360 --> 3648.800]  and that's how I did it.
+[3651.200 --> 3655.840]  I understood, as I'm sure your doctor friend understood,
+[3655.840 --> 3660.840]  that too much eye contact affects interviewing,
+[3661.080 --> 3664.120]  that allowing the person to drift off,
+[3664.120 --> 3669.120]  to be comfortable, to be reflective is often better
+[3669.920 --> 3674.920]  than what you see on television.
+[3674.920 --> 3678.520]  And I still teach that when I teach interviewing,
+[3678.520 --> 3682.320]  I say, please do not sit directly in front.
+[3682.320 --> 3685.720]  It's actually easier to resist someone
+[3685.720 --> 3687.920]  when they're in front of you, right?
+[3687.920 --> 3693.080]  You say, no, and I say, no, you're telling me no?
+[3693.080 --> 3695.560]  You know, it's easier to fend somebody off
+[3695.560 --> 3697.880]  than somebody's next to you.
+[3697.880 --> 3701.760]  Somebody's next to you, it's pretty tough to argue with them.
+[3701.760 --> 3704.440]  It's like, well, we're both on the same side,
+[3704.440 --> 3709.440]  and that's what I tried to create, that, you know, look,
+[3710.160 --> 3712.720]  the documents are already on the other side.
+[3712.720 --> 3715.080]  That's already taken place.
+[3715.080 --> 3717.000]  Now, how do we work our way through this?
+[3717.000 --> 3719.320]  Because the federal government's not gonna go away.
+[3719.320 --> 3721.680]  The FBI's not going away.
+[3721.680 --> 3725.240]  I'm not going away, and you're sitting next to me.
+[3725.240 --> 3728.800]  So how do we move forward?
+[3728.800 --> 3731.720]  It was always amazing to me how people are willing to,
+[3731.720 --> 3735.840]  okay, well, we somehow have to work our way through this,
+[3735.840 --> 3738.240]  where if you put them in front,
+[3738.240 --> 3741.040]  oh, it's so much easier to resist somebody.
+[3742.800 --> 3744.800]  How can people become better at small talk?
+[3746.680 --> 3750.640]  That's tough for me because I'm actually an introvert,
+[3750.640 --> 3755.640]  and I find, you know, groups a challenge.
+[3758.400 --> 3761.800]  The easiest way is do not talk about yourself.
+[3761.800 --> 3765.320]  I, when I'm at a party or with a group,
+[3765.320 --> 3768.080]  I don't wanna talk about myself.
+[3768.080 --> 3769.840]  I know what I've done.
+[3769.840 --> 3772.160]  I really don't.
+[3772.160 --> 3775.000]  What I wanna know is what do you do?
+[3775.000 --> 3777.320]  What are you interested in?
+[3777.320 --> 3781.560]  There's a park nearby here, and sometimes I'll take the dog
+[3781.560 --> 3783.960]  there, and I wanna know what everybody does.
+[3783.960 --> 3787.000]  And I'm fascinated that one guy's an attorney,
+[3787.000 --> 3789.360]  but he's really into photography.
+[3789.360 --> 3794.600]  The other one is a grandmother, and she's really into her
+[3794.600 --> 3797.320]  grandkids more than she is into her own daughter.
+[3798.280 --> 3799.960]  That's what I wanna know about.
+[3799.960 --> 3802.360]  I wanna know about them.
+[3802.360 --> 3805.480]  I wanna know all the little things that they found,
+[3805.480 --> 3808.920]  what movies they're watching, and so forth.
+[3808.920 --> 3813.520]  I think it's really easy if you can just,
+[3813.520 --> 3817.680]  at some point, turn it so that we're talking about them.
+[3819.880 --> 3821.400]  I think it's a little harder for me
+[3821.400 --> 3823.800]  because somebody will say, oh, this is Joan of Auro,
+[3824.320 --> 3829.320]  he's an author, and I don't wanna talk about that.
+[3829.320 --> 3834.200]  I really wanna talk about what other people...
+[3834.200 --> 3835.040]  What if you think...
+[3835.040 --> 3838.640]  ...someone who is another you, though,
+[3838.640 --> 3840.920]  because then you're gonna ask them questions about them,
+[3840.920 --> 3842.560]  and they're gonna go, I don't wanna talk about me,
+[3842.560 --> 3846.000]  John, I wanna know about you and your illustrious history.
+[3846.000 --> 3847.160]  Yeah, so...
+[3847.160 --> 3848.000]  Stale match.
+[3848.000 --> 3850.000]  So, yeah, you have to have a backup plan,
+[3850.000 --> 3853.600]  and that backup plan is, I'll find one story
+[3853.600 --> 3858.600]  that I've told before, and I consider it my giveaway.
+[3858.960 --> 3862.840]  And I said, well, one of the more interesting things
+[3862.840 --> 3866.760]  was this de facto, we were trying to get him to de facto,
+[3866.760 --> 3871.760]  and I sat down with him, and we were going back and forth,
+[3872.200 --> 3873.760]  and he didn't wanna leave.
+[3873.760 --> 3878.440]  He was on the other side of the Warsaw Pact.
+[3880.040 --> 3883.320]  I still can't reveal what country he was in,
+[3883.320 --> 3885.320]  we were sitting there in a hotel room,
+[3885.320 --> 3888.520]  and finally, I just grabbed his hand,
+[3888.520 --> 3891.400]  he was an older gentleman, and I said,
+[3891.400 --> 3895.240]  listen, I understand completely, I would be scared too,
+[3895.240 --> 3897.320]  and I don't know what drove me,
+[3897.320 --> 3902.320]  because I think I was only 29 years old at the time,
+[3902.440 --> 3907.440]  I just continued to hold his hand, and he began to cry.
+[3907.560 --> 3911.160]  And he said,
+[3911.160 --> 3916.160]  I can't continue to live this lie, and that's when he defected.
+[3918.560 --> 3919.920]  It's a good story.
+[3919.920 --> 3921.880]  That's a good way to start a...
+[3921.880 --> 3926.520]  Well, you know, it was something that was different,
+[3926.520 --> 3929.680]  it's a story, people think, oh, you came through the door,
+[3929.680 --> 3933.080]  you threw in a flashbang, boom, breach her in, boom,
+[3933.080 --> 3936.240]  send the dog, boom, send the tear gas in.
+[3936.240 --> 3937.920]  Now we prance in, and now...
+[3937.920 --> 3939.880]  And hold it on me.
+[3939.920 --> 3943.760]  Yeah, that's what spy catching is all about,
+[3943.760 --> 3946.840]  is human behavior.
+[3947.840 --> 3951.320]  Yeah, but you gotta be careful with your audience,
+[3951.320 --> 3953.040]  but I'll tell you, in the book, you know,
+[3953.040 --> 3954.800]  you probably read the story,
+[3956.920 --> 3959.400]  where I'm in San Francisco,
+[3959.400 --> 3961.680]  and they're announcing on the radio,
+[3961.680 --> 3963.680]  who just won the Boston Marathon,
+[3963.680 --> 3968.680]  and once again, it was somebody I think from Kenya,
+[3969.080 --> 3973.680]  or Ethiopia, one of those great runners from that were,
+[3973.880 --> 3976.680]  and the guy driving it, he says,
+[3976.680 --> 3977.760]  do you mind if I listen?
+[3977.760 --> 3979.960]  I, you know, I'll go ahead and listen.
+[3979.960 --> 3983.680]  And he says, he's from my tribe, and you know,
+[3984.680 --> 3989.120]  and the rest of the day, as he drove me around,
+[3989.120 --> 3994.120]  was listening to him talking about how he grew up
+[3995.120 --> 4000.120]  in that part of the world, which I know so very little about,
+[4001.960 --> 4005.120]  and then he revealed something that was really eye-opening.
+[4005.120 --> 4007.960]  And to this day, it's one of the most worship conversations
+[4007.960 --> 4010.360]  that I ever had, because I didn't talk about, you know,
+[4010.360 --> 4013.320]  I didn't say, oh, you know, I'm here in San Francisco,
+[4013.320 --> 4014.800]  because I'm gonna give a big talk.
+[4014.800 --> 4019.240]  I didn't want, I wanted to listen to this cab driver,
+[4019.240 --> 4022.040]  who then said the most interesting thing I've ever heard,
+[4022.040 --> 4027.040]  and I said, why do so many people from this part of the world
+[4027.440 --> 4029.120]  are such great runners?
+[4029.120 --> 4032.960]  And he said something that just rattled me,
+[4032.960 --> 4036.400]  and he said, we didn't have newspapers,
+[4036.400 --> 4040.760]  or magazines, or radios, and I go, what?
+[4040.760 --> 4042.520]  You know, I'm figuring, he's gonna say,
+[4042.520 --> 4045.520]  well, we have great genetics, and you know,
+[4045.520 --> 4049.080]  we, our tribes are isolated.
+[4049.080 --> 4051.880]  And he said, we didn't know what world records
+[4051.880 --> 4054.880]  were, so we just ran fast everywhere.
+[4056.480 --> 4057.640]  Think about that.
+[4058.640 --> 4060.880]  We just ran until we dropped that.
+[4063.160 --> 4064.960]  That's brilliant, mate.
+[4064.960 --> 4067.360]  That hits it right on the nail.
+[4067.360 --> 4069.640]  If you don't know what the goal is,
+[4069.640 --> 4071.040]  if you don't know that, oh yeah,
+[4071.040 --> 4076.040]  you gotta stop the 26 miles, then you'll run 30.
+[4076.120 --> 4077.680]  And you'll run 30.
+[4077.680 --> 4082.680]  And if you don't know that you're supposed to run at 98%
+[4083.320 --> 4087.920]  of your ability, you don't have a coach telling you slow down
+[4087.920 --> 4090.920]  on the first three-fourth of the...
+[4090.920 --> 4092.760]  We just ran everywhere.
+[4094.160 --> 4095.160]  Wow.
+[4095.160 --> 4098.200]  I saw a video not long ago of a school child
+[4098.200 --> 4100.680]  looked like perhaps Kenya running to school.
+[4100.680 --> 4103.320]  I think he must have missed the bus if there was a bus,
+[4103.320 --> 4105.520]  and it's a car driving, driving behind him.
+[4105.520 --> 4110.520]  And the kid must be maybe 11 or something, 11 or 12.
+[4110.640 --> 4113.720]  And it's the most gorgeous running form.
+[4113.720 --> 4117.400]  Just absolutely beautiful turnover speeds, nice,
+[4117.400 --> 4120.600]  long-rangey strides, the headstain completely still,
+[4120.600 --> 4121.720]  the arms are moving.
+[4121.720 --> 4123.040]  He's got his backpack on.
+[4123.040 --> 4125.360]  And it's just, it's like when you see a leopard
+[4125.360 --> 4129.400]  going slow motion, it's just this gorgeous running style.
+[4129.400 --> 4131.840]  And you just think that's, that kid's 12,
+[4131.840 --> 4134.160]  probably never had an athletics coach in his life.
+[4134.160 --> 4135.000]  It doesn't surprise me.
+[4135.840 --> 4137.600]  They dominate distance running at all.
+[4137.600 --> 4141.960]  And the temperature and the sun and so forth
+[4141.960 --> 4144.960]  and the long carbs and the good builds perfect.
+[4144.960 --> 4149.240]  And running every day, and that's how he grew up.
+[4149.240 --> 4151.200]  He said, we just ran everywhere.
+[4151.200 --> 4152.680]  And you think about that.
+[4152.680 --> 4157.680]  I mean, we get in a car to go a mile to pick up the newspaper.
+[4157.680 --> 4162.360]  And think about, you're right, about their running styles.
+[4162.760 --> 4166.760]  They sort of, they maximize efficiency
+[4166.760 --> 4169.800]  because obviously if everybody's running every day,
+[4169.800 --> 4171.880]  you're going to model whoever's the fastest
+[4171.880 --> 4175.840]  and it turns out when that, when that head holds still
+[4175.840 --> 4178.240]  and into the body that's fully gimbled,
+[4178.240 --> 4183.240]  you know, just like a zebra or a, a cheetah.
+[4185.440 --> 4189.520]  But then you think, oh man, what's going to happen
+[4189.520 --> 4193.040]  the day we put really good running shoes on this kid
+[4193.040 --> 4196.880]  and say the Boston marathon.
+[4196.880 --> 4198.960]  So like over and over again.
+[4200.600 --> 4205.600]  And they do it with such love and appreciation for that.
+[4208.080 --> 4211.920]  But that's my idea of small talk.
+[4211.920 --> 4216.920]  My idea of small talk is to listen to what other people say.
+[4217.920 --> 4220.760]  But I have to tell you at the same time.
+[4220.760 --> 4227.760]  Nothing is more painful than to listen to the people brag
+[4229.960 --> 4232.320]  over and over about themselves.
+[4232.320 --> 4234.360]  And I just, yeah, I'm too old.
+[4234.360 --> 4236.320]  I just walk away.
+[4236.320 --> 4238.280]  We've talked about being exceptional today.
+[4238.280 --> 4239.600]  What would you do?
+[4239.600 --> 4242.920]  How would you design a person if you wanted to make someone
+[4242.920 --> 4244.960]  as un-exceptional as possible?
+[4245.120 --> 4248.120]  What would be the personality traits and the characteristics
+[4248.120 --> 4250.440]  and the worldview that someone would have
+[4250.440 --> 4253.480]  that is the complete antithesis of what you're trying to achieve?
+[4254.720 --> 4256.640]  Not curious.
+[4256.640 --> 4260.920]  A person that is completely not curious about anything.
+[4260.920 --> 4264.320]  Not themselves, not the world around them.
+[4264.320 --> 4267.640]  That think they know it all, think it all,
+[4268.680 --> 4270.000]  and so forth.
+[4270.000 --> 4275.000]  Someone who is rigid in their thinking,
+[4275.880 --> 4279.240]  who is uncompromising,
+[4279.240 --> 4284.000]  who is unwilling to make any sacrifice
+[4284.000 --> 4286.560]  and wants everything handed to them.
+[4288.000 --> 4291.640]  Someone who has no empathy,
+[4292.840 --> 4297.840]  someone who takes no action when action is needed,
+[4298.840 --> 4302.840]  who has no concept of providing comfort for others.
+[4305.520 --> 4307.600]  I've never been asked this question, Chris.
+[4307.600 --> 4310.920]  I think it's a profound way to ask that question
+[4310.920 --> 4312.520]  and I thank you for it.
+[4313.400 --> 4315.720]  That is the antithesis.
+[4315.720 --> 4320.120]  And when you say it that way, you think,
+[4320.120 --> 4323.080]  oh my gosh, there are people like that.
+[4324.160 --> 4326.000]  And they're horrible.
+[4326.520 --> 4329.320]  They're so rigid in their thinking, they're unyielding,
+[4329.320 --> 4331.160]  they're not curious at all.
+[4331.160 --> 4333.920]  They don't want to know anything about you,
+[4333.920 --> 4336.080]  they don't want to explore the world around them.
+[4336.080 --> 4340.440]  Everything is so rigid and suspicious
+[4340.440 --> 4345.440]  and they don't want to take any action to help.
+[4345.600 --> 4349.480]  That is the antithesis of the exceptional
+[4349.480 --> 4352.960]  because the exceptional really are about
+[4353.960 --> 4356.800]  providing psychological comfort.
+[4356.800 --> 4360.920]  You know, they're about helping themselves
+[4362.240 --> 4365.080]  but not at the expense of others.
+[4365.080 --> 4368.200]  They want everybody to succeed.
+[4368.200 --> 4371.360]  They want everybody to have fun, to enjoy life.
+[4373.360 --> 4378.040]  And I think that's what really sets exceptional people apart.
+[4378.040 --> 4380.000]  Joan of Auro, ladies and gentlemen,
+[4380.000 --> 4382.080]  be exceptional, must of the five traits
+[4382.080 --> 4383.760]  that set extraordinary people apart
+[4383.760 --> 4385.760]  will be linked in the show notes below.
+[4385.760 --> 4387.760]  And if people want to check out what else you do,
+[4387.760 --> 4388.760]  where should they go?
+[4390.120 --> 4392.040]  Please come to my website,
+[4392.040 --> 4394.360]  joenevaro.net.
+[4394.360 --> 4397.360]  And they can see all my books and videos
+[4397.360 --> 4401.320]  and soon they'll see my interview with you, Chris.
+[4401.320 --> 4402.400]  Exciting.
+[4402.400 --> 4405.160]  Obviously, the pinnacle of your career so far.
+[4405.160 --> 4406.480]  Joe, thanks very much for that.
+[4406.480 --> 4407.960]  I've got to thank you.
+[4407.960 --> 4410.160]  I've got to tell you, you're one of the best
+[4411.000 --> 4413.080]  interviewers that I've dealt with.
+[4413.080 --> 4414.360]  I love your question.
+[4414.360 --> 4415.400]  So thank you.
+[4415.400 --> 4416.400]  Thank you.
+[4416.400 --> 4417.280]  What's happening, people?
+[4417.280 --> 4418.720]  Thank you very much for tuning in.
+[4418.720 --> 4420.560]  If you enjoyed that episode,
+[4420.560 --> 4423.400]  then press here for a selection of the best clips
+[4423.400 --> 4425.600]  from the podcast over the last few weeks.
+[4425.600 --> 4427.800]  And don't forget to subscribe.
+[4427.800 --> 4428.640]  Peace.

transcript/webinar_mAIALLACTKE.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+[0.000 --> 13.000]  Welcome everybody, you're going to witness an amazing analysis of micro expressions and body language in 4k quality in slow motion from our impact movie.
+[14.000 --> 29.000]  The impact movie is an inspiring documentary about the lives of three people, how they transform thanks to the power of communication.
+[30.000 --> 45.000]  In the movie we have a lot of scenes where the three clients have to negotiate and sell their product or get the upper hand in a conversation.
+[45.000 --> 50.000]  And they do that thanks to the knowledge of body language and micro expressions.
+[50.000 --> 60.000]  Now we're going to analyze a situation where Megan, one of the three clients, has to pitch three investors.
+[60.000 --> 74.000]  And what we're going to do is to analyze the facial expressions of the investors that are watching her pitch and also Megan's facial expressions, what she does well or not so good.
+[75.000 --> 87.000]  So here is a brief introduction from an extract from the trailer from the impact movie about how Megan is going to pitch the investors.
+[87.000 --> 93.000]  I understand you have a business to pitch so I have brought two fellow investors here.
+[93.000 --> 101.000]  I don't even know what to say for the love of God. I told you I didn't know what to say with this.
+[102.000 --> 114.000]  So that's the situation. Megan is pitching three investors and let's have a look at the facial expressions of the investor on the right side.
+[114.000 --> 125.000]  And I'm going to play the video in just a moment and a question for you is which emotion do you see on his face? And why? How do you see it?
+[125.000 --> 128.000]  Are you ready for the first video? Here we go.
+[132.000 --> 140.000]  That was it. Were you able to spot it? Once more? It's an easy one. So have a look once more.
+[146.000 --> 151.000]  Are you ready for the answer? Well, this is the solution.
+[152.000 --> 159.000]  What you see here on the investor's face is just the two lips going upward.
+[159.000 --> 170.000]  It's a simple smile and because the two lip corners go upward symmetrically, it means that it's a genuine happiness.
+[170.000 --> 177.000]  If you have a look in slow motion with a close up, this is how it looks.
+[181.000 --> 188.000]  See the two lip corners going upward first slightly and then even more. That's a genuine smile.
+[188.000 --> 201.000]  That was an easy one to warm up just an expression of happiness. Are you ready for video number two? Here we go. Watch closely.
+[201.000 --> 213.000]  What do you think that expression was? When to see it again? Here we go once more.
+[219.000 --> 226.000]  What do you think? It could be that there is only one expression, one emotion from the seven basic ones.
+[227.000 --> 234.000]  But it could be that there are two or even more. Are you ready for the solution? Here we go for the solution.
+[234.000 --> 238.000]  Let me play it first for you in slow motion.
+[239.000 --> 248.000]  Alright, one to see it once more.
+[248.000 --> 262.000]  What you can see here happening, here that's pressed lips and he's staring at the source of his anger.
+[263.000 --> 269.000]  That's why this press lips is a meaning of anger.
+[269.000 --> 276.000]  And then what happens is shaking his head but that's not a micro expression.
+[276.000 --> 288.000]  There is something more. Do you see this little twitch on the right side of his face here? Before he shakes no? That's an expression of content.
+[289.000 --> 297.000]  Superiority. He doesn't like what he hears. He doesn't like what he sees.
+[297.000 --> 303.000]  So here the right solution is a combination of anger and content.
+[303.000 --> 309.000]  Let's have a look in even slower slow motion from closer.
+[309.000 --> 314.000]  This is the pressed lips.
+[315.000 --> 321.000]  And the content on the side.
+[321.000 --> 328.000]  So this little twitch here, this little movement on the right side I'm moving back and forth.
+[328.000 --> 332.000]  That's content. That's how you can see it.
+[332.000 --> 340.000]  You can see it right here at this moment.
+[340.000 --> 346.000]  Very, very tiny. And that's how you can see that there's anger and content.
+[346.000 --> 351.000]  Are you ready for the next video? Then here we go.
+[351.000 --> 359.000]  This is investor number two in the middle.
+[359.000 --> 368.000]  What do you think that was? Want to play it again? Here we go.
+[368.000 --> 374.000]  Which emotion or which emotions do you think you saw in his micro expressions?
+[374.000 --> 378.000]  Here we go for the solution.
+[378.000 --> 388.000]  What you can see here first is anger and then surprise.
+[388.000 --> 392.000]  Let me play it for you at the moment that you can see it.
+[392.000 --> 396.000]  Here you see his eyelids narrowing.
+[396.000 --> 399.000]  You see this movement here around his eyes?
+[399.000 --> 404.000]  That's anger.
+[404.000 --> 411.000]  And then this movement, that's surprise.
+[411.000 --> 419.000]  It's a really nice example of surprise because you see the eyebrows going upward symmetrically.
+[419.000 --> 424.000]  And at the same time, actually his jaw releases as well.
+[424.000 --> 429.000]  Mouth opening that's a sign of surprise as well.
+[429.000 --> 435.000]  And then his kind of putting his jaw a little bit forward at this moment.
+[435.000 --> 438.000]  And that's again a sign of anger.
+[438.000 --> 446.000]  So it's a really beautiful combination of first anger here in the eyelids narrowing.
+[446.000 --> 457.000]  Then surprise in the eyes, surprise in the mouth and then anger in the chin going forward.
+[457.000 --> 464.000]  Let's have a look closer. Let me play it in super slow motion for you.
+[464.000 --> 470.000]  This is first the eyelids narrowing.
+[470.000 --> 472.000]  Alright, that's the anger.
+[472.000 --> 475.000]  Surprise.
+[475.000 --> 487.000]  And then the mouth moving after that and also more anger, more eyelids narrowing towards the end here.
+[487.000 --> 491.000]  This is stronger anger.
+[491.000 --> 496.000]  So yeah, let's have a look at the original one.
+[496.000 --> 503.000]  So we have here, anger, surprise and anger again.
+[503.000 --> 507.000]  The combination of anger and surprise.
+[507.000 --> 510.000]  Are you ready for the next one?
+[510.000 --> 517.000]  Pay attention. Here we go.
+[517.000 --> 520.000]  Which emotion did you see here?
+[520.000 --> 523.000]  Want to play it again? Here we go.
+[523.000 --> 528.000]  What's closely?
+[528.000 --> 533.000]  Alright.
+[533.000 --> 537.000]  So here is the solution.
+[537.000 --> 548.000]  What you see happening here is anger, eyelids narrowing and also the eyebrows downwards.
+[548.000 --> 551.000]  This is the movement of anger.
+[551.000 --> 554.000]  I'm playing it back and forth for you.
+[554.000 --> 560.000]  And also, at the same time, you see this towards the end.
+[560.000 --> 563.000]  Do you see this kind of joker smile?
+[563.000 --> 570.000]  It's higher on the right side on your screen, left side of his face.
+[570.000 --> 574.000]  And that means that it's not a real smile.
+[574.000 --> 577.000]  It's a content smile.
+[577.000 --> 579.000]  So two emotions here.
+[579.000 --> 583.000]  Anger and content. Let's slow it down for you.
+[583.000 --> 585.000]  And let's watch it again together.
+[585.000 --> 589.000]  Here you have the eyes narrowing in just a moment.
+[589.000 --> 591.000]  They're twitching already.
+[591.000 --> 593.000]  They're narrowing even more.
+[593.000 --> 595.000]  Eyebrows downwards.
+[595.000 --> 605.000]  And then after that, you have one of the lip corners going more upward than the other in content.
+[605.000 --> 610.000]  So that's a beautiful combination of anger and content.
+[610.000 --> 612.000]  Are you ready for the next one?
+[612.000 --> 621.000]  Here we go. Watch closely.
+[621.000 --> 624.000]  That's an icon-knife combination of a few elements.
+[624.000 --> 632.000]  Let's have a look once more.
+[632.000 --> 636.000]  What do you think the solution is here?
+[636.000 --> 639.000]  Well, here is the solution.
+[639.000 --> 649.000]  What happens here first, obvious, is this movement here.
+[649.000 --> 654.000]  That's easy to spot. It's very strong. This gust.
+[654.000 --> 662.000]  You can see in the wrinkles around the nose and also the upper lip going upward.
+[662.000 --> 669.000]  This is the movement of this gust that I'm playing back and forth.
+[669.000 --> 675.000]  Then also what you have here is anger.
+[675.000 --> 680.000]  One of the elements of anger here is you can see the eyelids narrowing.
+[680.000 --> 685.000]  I'm playing back and forth.
+[685.000 --> 690.000]  That's one of the elements of anger that you can see here.
+[690.000 --> 696.000]  And then also you have an element of content.
+[696.000 --> 698.000]  Have a look here.
+[698.000 --> 706.000]  Do you see this movement upward on the right side of your screen around here?
+[706.000 --> 709.000]  One of the lip corners going upward?
+[709.000 --> 715.000]  Well, that's a feeling of superiority content.
+[715.000 --> 718.000]  It's definitely not liking what he's seeing.
+[718.000 --> 724.000]  Playing back and forth here.
+[724.000 --> 726.000]  Yep, so there we are.
+[726.000 --> 729.000]  Let me play it in super slow motion for you.
+[729.000 --> 735.000]  Nice and smooth from close by, first content.
+[736.000 --> 743.000]  Here you see this gust coming up. Yes, very strong.
+[743.000 --> 748.000]  And then also angering the eyes at the end.
+[748.000 --> 751.000]  Want to see it once more in super slow motion?
+[751.000 --> 756.000]  So content, right side of the screen.
+[756.000 --> 763.000]  Then getting ready for this gust wrinkles around the nose, upper lip upward.
+[764.000 --> 770.000]  And towards the end, eyelids narrowing and anger.
+[770.000 --> 775.000]  Are you ready for the next video?
+[775.000 --> 783.000]  Then here we go.
+[783.000 --> 789.000]  Want to see it once more before I give the solution?
+[790.000 --> 792.000]  I'm going to play the video again.
+[792.000 --> 797.000]  Ready?
+[797.000 --> 801.000]  What do you think the combination here is?
+[801.000 --> 808.000]  Yes, it's a combination of two expressions.
+[808.000 --> 811.000]  Here is the solution.
+[811.000 --> 818.000]  What you see happening here first is this movement here.
+[820.000 --> 825.000]  Eyebrows going upward.
+[825.000 --> 828.000]  That's surprise.
+[828.000 --> 834.000]  And then actually almost at the same time or at the same time.
+[834.000 --> 840.000]  But just after that the eyebrow start going downward.
+[840.000 --> 847.000]  You can see this little twitch in the mouth here on the right side.
+[848.000 --> 852.000]  Do you see this little movement here?
+[852.000 --> 855.000]  Well, that's content.
+[855.000 --> 858.000]  Let me play it once more for you here.
+[858.000 --> 859.000]  Closer.
+[859.000 --> 860.000]  Do you see this little movement?
+[860.000 --> 866.000]  I'm playing it back and forth on the right side of the mouth.
+[866.000 --> 869.000]  That's content.
+[869.000 --> 874.000]  Let me play it for you in super slow motion.
+[874.000 --> 876.000]  That was content.
+[876.000 --> 879.000]  And this was the surprise.
+[879.000 --> 882.000]  It's almost at the same moment.
+[882.000 --> 886.000]  That's why it's so difficult to notice the two at the same time.
+[886.000 --> 890.000]  Let's zoom out a little bit still in slow motion.
+[890.000 --> 897.000]  Surprising content at the same time.
+[897.000 --> 900.000]  Are you ready for the next one?
+[900.000 --> 907.000]  All right, here we go.
+[907.000 --> 910.000]  Want to see it once more?
+[910.000 --> 911.000]  Ready?
+[911.000 --> 918.000]  Going to start the video.
+[918.000 --> 921.000]  Here is the solution.
+[921.000 --> 927.000]  What you see happening here is content.
+[928.000 --> 938.000]  And the reason for that is that you see the right side of lips
+[938.000 --> 945.000]  staying a little bit longer upward and going down slower.
+[945.000 --> 948.000]  See this movement on the right side of your screen?
+[948.000 --> 949.000]  That's content.
+[949.000 --> 954.000]  Let me zoom out a little bit and play it for you.
+[954.000 --> 958.000]  So the smile and then content on the right side.
+[958.000 --> 969.000]  In super slow motion, close by, smile and then content on the right side.
+[969.000 --> 972.000]  Are you ready for the next one?
+[972.000 --> 981.000]  Then here we go for the next video.
+[981.000 --> 984.000]  Want to see it once more?
+[984.000 --> 988.000]  I guess it's useful because you have to observe the two persons at the same time.
+[988.000 --> 997.000]  So observe the two at the same time once more.
+[997.000 --> 1002.000]  Which emotion did you see in both of these investors?
+[1002.000 --> 1005.000]  Here is the solution.
+[1005.000 --> 1011.000]  Concerning the one on the right, you can see this.
+[1011.000 --> 1013.000]  Pressing your lips.
+[1013.000 --> 1017.000]  Well, he's not in his head, but he's not liking what he's hearing.
+[1017.000 --> 1020.000]  Because you see clearly anger.
+[1020.000 --> 1028.000]  This jaw movement and tongue movement is also supporting the anger expression that you see here.
+[1028.000 --> 1030.000]  Pressing your lips.
+[1031.000 --> 1034.000]  Then let's have a look closer.
+[1034.000 --> 1040.000]  This movement, that's the anger I'm talking about.
+[1043.000 --> 1049.000]  You might be thinking while you're pitching to an investor, nodding your head is a good sign.
+[1049.000 --> 1053.000]  Well, nothing in this case, especially not with this expression on his face.
+[1053.000 --> 1057.000]  Concerning the other person, let's have a look there.
+[1058.000 --> 1060.000]  Did you see that?
+[1060.000 --> 1064.000]  Let's have a look once more in slow motion.
+[1064.000 --> 1066.000]  Look at the eyes.
+[1066.000 --> 1069.000]  Do you see what's happening around the eyes?
+[1069.000 --> 1072.000]  Let's zoom in a little bit in super slow motion.
+[1072.000 --> 1075.000]  Have a look here.
+[1075.000 --> 1078.000]  His eyelids are narrowing right now.
+[1078.000 --> 1081.000]  That's a sign of anger.
+[1081.000 --> 1086.000]  So when we look back at the original video,
+[1086.000 --> 1090.000]  let me play it for you once more.
+[1090.000 --> 1099.000]  Then you can see both anger in the right one as in the left person as well.
+[1099.000 --> 1103.000]  And it's a nice combination because in the right one, it's in his lips.
+[1103.000 --> 1107.000]  In the left person, it's in his eyes.
+[1107.000 --> 1110.000]  Both anger.
+[1110.000 --> 1113.000]  Ready for the next video?
+[1113.000 --> 1120.000]  And here we go.
+[1120.000 --> 1121.000]  All right.
+[1121.000 --> 1123.000]  Which of the two do you observe?
+[1123.000 --> 1128.000]  Have a look at both of them, but there is one moving.
+[1128.000 --> 1133.000]  Have a look once more.
+[1133.000 --> 1135.000]  So what did you think?
+[1135.000 --> 1138.000]  What's the answer?
+[1138.000 --> 1149.000]  Let's have a look closer at the left investor.
+[1149.000 --> 1156.000]  What you saw happening here is the eyes opening quite high and wide.
+[1156.000 --> 1160.000]  That's a sign of fear.
+[1160.000 --> 1165.000]  Yes, he's kind of frowning also here just before that.
+[1165.000 --> 1171.000]  But the main movement here is fear and it's this one.
+[1171.000 --> 1173.000]  This movement here.
+[1173.000 --> 1180.000]  It's fear because it's quite long and also it's quite high that his eyes go upward.
+[1180.000 --> 1186.000]  Once more in slow motion, that's the fear.
+[1186.000 --> 1194.000]  If you want to have a look closer even more in slow motion, that's the fear movement.
+[1194.000 --> 1200.000]  All right, that was fear.
+[1200.000 --> 1203.000]  Are you ready for the next video?
+[1203.000 --> 1210.000]  Then here we go.
+[1210.000 --> 1221.000]  There are a lot of things happening here, so let's play it once more.
+[1221.000 --> 1223.000]  What do you think the answer is?
+[1223.000 --> 1228.000]  Which emotions did you see here?
+[1228.000 --> 1231.000]  Here's the answer.
+[1231.000 --> 1236.000]  It starts with surprise.
+[1236.000 --> 1239.000]  That's this movement here.
+[1239.000 --> 1246.000]  You see his eyes opening?
+[1246.000 --> 1248.000]  Slightly.
+[1248.000 --> 1252.000]  That's surprise.
+[1252.000 --> 1264.000]  And then you have also touching his face, but that's not the micro expression.
+[1264.000 --> 1272.000]  What you have also here is disgust.
+[1272.000 --> 1274.000]  Do you see this movement here?
+[1274.000 --> 1281.000]  For example, wrinkles around the nose.
+[1281.000 --> 1287.000]  That's the disgust.
+[1287.000 --> 1299.000]  And then also just before he touches his face, one of his slip corners, this one here, goes higher than the other one.
+[1299.000 --> 1305.000]  That's an expression of content.
+[1305.000 --> 1315.000]  It's a little bit hard to see because the angle of the camera is slightly sideways, but still is there.
+[1315.000 --> 1332.000]  So this one is a combination of surprise, of content, and disgust.
+[1332.000 --> 1335.000]  That's the surprise once more.
+[1335.000 --> 1337.000]  It's super slow motion.
+[1337.000 --> 1342.000]  We played for you in slow motion from the beginning of the surprise.
+[1342.000 --> 1345.000]  That's the surprise.
+[1345.000 --> 1352.000]  And then here you have disgust.
+[1352.000 --> 1359.000]  And content was also just before here.
+[1359.000 --> 1365.000]  To get rid of disgust or just before the disgust also.
+[1365.000 --> 1373.000]  And for the next one, here we go.
+[1373.000 --> 1375.000]  You have to watch two persons, right?
+[1375.000 --> 1376.000]  That's a little bit more difficult.
+[1376.000 --> 1378.000]  You see that the right one is talking.
+[1378.000 --> 1380.000]  So let's focus on the left person.
+[1380.000 --> 1386.000]  I'll play it once more.
+[1386.000 --> 1390.000]  What do you think the solution is?
+[1390.000 --> 1394.000]  There are two emotions here.
+[1394.000 --> 1398.000]  One is anger pressing your slips.
+[1398.000 --> 1401.000]  Second one is this one here.
+[1401.000 --> 1404.000]  One of the slip corners higher than the other one.
+[1404.000 --> 1407.000]  It's a feeling of content.
+[1407.000 --> 1417.000]  Let me play it for you a bit slower, in slow motion, anger and content on the right side.
+[1417.000 --> 1424.000]  Once more, a bit closer, anger and content on the right side.
+[1424.000 --> 1435.000]  This is the anger, as the anger movement, and this is the content movement.
+[1435.000 --> 1444.000]  Once more, a little bit slower than normal speed, anger and content.
+[1445.000 --> 1449.000]  Are you ready for the next one?
+[1449.000 --> 1459.000]  And here we go, watching Megan, who's pitching the tree investors.
+[1459.000 --> 1467.000]  Want to see it once more? Have a look at her lips.
+[1467.000 --> 1471.000]  All right, what do you think? What's the answer?
+[1471.000 --> 1474.000]  Well, here is the solution.
+[1474.000 --> 1480.000]  What you can see happening here while she's talking is an expression of fear.
+[1480.000 --> 1486.000]  When you slow it down, this is what happens to her lips.
+[1486.000 --> 1494.000]  There's stretch downwards in a tensed way. That's fear.
+[1494.000 --> 1499.000]  Let's watch it closer, in even more slow motion.
+[1499.000 --> 1510.000]  Lips, stretch sideways, downwards in fear in a tensed way.
+[1510.000 --> 1518.000]  Are you ready for the next one? Here we go.
+[1518.000 --> 1526.000]  That's a mix of a few emotions, so I'll play it once more for you.
+[1527.000 --> 1531.000]  All right, here is the solution.
+[1531.000 --> 1540.000]  What you can see here is a combination of a few elements at the same time.
+[1540.000 --> 1547.000]  If you look closer, what you see happening here, this is a little piece of happiness.
+[1547.000 --> 1550.000]  So you see, happiness happening.
+[1550.000 --> 1562.000]  At the same time, also, you see happening fear because lips are stretched sideways in a tensed way.
+[1562.000 --> 1569.000]  So it starts with happiness and it then goes over into fear.
+[1569.000 --> 1577.000]  And also, what you can see happening here around the nose, the wrinkles around the nose is this cost.
+[1577.000 --> 1586.000]  So in less than a second, you have a combination of three emotions, which are happiness, disgust, fear.
+[1586.000 --> 1589.000]  Happiness, disgust, fear.
+[1589.000 --> 1592.000]  A lot of things going through her mind at that moment.
+[1592.000 --> 1600.000]  Let's have a look at this little second, or less than a second, in slow motion.
+[1600.000 --> 1603.000]  That's where it's all happening.
+[1603.000 --> 1607.000]  Happiness, disgust, fear.
+[1607.000 --> 1615.000]  Are you ready for the next video? Here we go.
+[1615.000 --> 1623.000]  Want me to play it once more? And here we go.
+[1623.000 --> 1628.000]  All right, are you ready for the solution?
+[1628.000 --> 1632.000]  Here is a key.
+[1632.000 --> 1637.000]  Here you can see one emotion only and that's surprise.
+[1637.000 --> 1642.000]  It's easy to spot in the eyebrows going upwards in a relaxed way.
+[1642.000 --> 1645.000]  That's the surprise that I'm playing back and forth.
+[1645.000 --> 1649.000]  If you'd like to see it a bit closer, then here it is.
+[1649.000 --> 1652.000]  That's the movement in the eyes.
+[1652.000 --> 1656.000]  Surprise that I'm talking about.
+[1656.000 --> 1664.000]  Surprise on Megan's face while she's listening to an investor.
+[1664.000 --> 1666.000]  All right, that's it for today.
+[1666.000 --> 1677.000]  Thank you very much for joining this webinar of the analysis of micro expressions from the impact movie.
+[1677.000 --> 1680.000]  And I'm really glad that you are here today.
+[1680.000 --> 1681.000]  Thank you very much.
+[1681.000 --> 1688.000]  If you'd like to find out more about our courses, have a look on centerforbodelanguage.com.
+[1688.000 --> 1693.000]  Slatch free. You can get there at free online course for two months.
+[1693.000 --> 1698.000]  And we're on a mission to inspire the world and make an impact.
+[1698.000 --> 1707.000]  So if you'd like to join us, have a look also on impact.film, where you can find out more about impact documentary.
+[1707.000 --> 1714.000]  And much more about how communication can make a difference in your life.
+[1714.000 --> 1716.000]  Make an impact today.

transcript/webinar_mHA7QQ369JI.txt

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+[0.000 --> 7.440]  Y亜f y絵 am יm introdu yshw'retzen gynau cyber'!
+[7.440 --> 14.800] fo yn y rhan hyn 1 yw i fod ysgירodaeth umaz hynwch,
+[16.640 --> 20.520]  ieddestioni Ywydwn Llywod,
+[20.520 --> 25.000]  a yn ymddfa sydd pobl ie general anod wymwthel ffdedden yn edryd adoedd yn stew…!
+[25.000 --> 30.440]  Mae trwy il gen, mae'n ei dos oes cwynlwf nå a faFO mewn sy'n a bethech sut yn y byw nieu我rmaedd
+[30.440 --> 32.960]  ac mae â'r cewe artel haned oncew premier, quen gyfer matau,
+[32.960 --> 38.420]  gydwych cayu었u uno fe m
+[38.420 --> 40.760]  yn y catfan i fynd cer i weithiau, layr gwertych.
+[40.760 --> 43.920]  Mae dru llanc i cangon yn ei'r F20 Mae Reli jestor y bodall
+[43.920 --> 46.400]  ac ond ein per�~!
+[46.600 --> 49.240]  To enjoy yli ymw fancyniad.
+[49.240 --> 52.240]  Quitehwicio. Y packuzom yn gw unsith roedd cSA.
+[52.240 --> 57.240]  Am i'n amser y remarfwch cop armed an internetanaν,
+[58.240 --> 66.240]  y quicklyod, rwy thze ratei ligandd archimon bra Любol Jones o Leblan os y my sono
+[67.240 --> 72.120]  priveraid yn minna fawn i d�ol agregol ac Noor Unid
+[72.120 --> 77.500]  Mae ydy gweld shallw pwynillton gywno wedi ddwy gjawr usem wird Lyriadra nhw ytwn tawft o feliad dim ynd味.
+[77.740 --> 82.240]  Mae ddyg cef wneud y cyannau fel hyllyfnod wwn ond wal eiion medhaniadau materidol
+[82.440 --> 86.900]  a row ёr carest un imagineull tanfys alguma?
+[87.100 --> 89.820]  Mae'n g nodi ei hyder Families'osh neu llancな byddwn dweud
+[90.000 --> 93.120]  am yffn right o dda maenars maenirstrymiaeth.
+[93.340 --> 96.500]  Mae mewn ein eu塘 Bethysdan yma eraill mwyr yn gaiser,
+[96.700 --> 100.120]  am argy喏 wedi erai gwwynos fawradau dan y maenues queau
+[100.120 --> 107.080]  yn w centerddol cael tuaxiborCI un ar yr centresu i hach yw i barnau, i da雲 ac y flowdown
+[107.480 --> 112.640]  yn gwneud, wneud sylw ys Ginynol yn y fawr i'r eraill i diaglwyn
+[112.720 --> 118.560]  a ddianganol Iegnoedd oeddfaith amser i'an a barnau popsau gw unsir a rhaidol Dewyn
+[119.200 --> 124.560]  byd生 gy Liaeth gyfer yn dark compaintod failing oncomaoh Brain yn懸 i FE
+[124.560 --> 127.200]  Mae rhyw� ddybynant ychar pubain ynlaridd slash yma.
+[127.680 --> 135.480]  Waith ei win i draw ffod yn ffod yn mor induと ac Aaron Groen
+[135.480 --> 138.560]  mae yw'r yw yremeit rhaliau ser amser negodioid yn雾 truag i fod colethi eisiau hullau
+[138.560 --> 142.880]  ffod yn unw butyn arall yma oedd fod 1 troi fod a yw'r m finish.
+[142.880 --> 148.640]  Og yn caram yn ffaesiol ar oddredaut a feelulau o metro'nggym sam cymraeth limitation
+[148.640 --> 150.660]  dair ar dda Didnier Rwythaneu wedi Nghymru Ddwysblen
+[150.660 --> 152.860]  fyrdd amdwch塵 cellol.
+[152.920 --> 156.600]  Mae ni wedi eisiau er roedd di enemies знакu hynny eisiau ymyfiad yr ohedd.
+[156.660 --> 158.660]  Mae gweld gweld gweld mechanism wedi dod o fal Mark okol Whithyr fasten
+[158.820 --> 160.600]  fel setuparn nhw.
+[160.720 --> 163.240]  Mae ni'n eiowned y sheer hostöyleu ferudotau idretrullerur ar y rhan?
+[165.480 --> 168.900]  Mae'r eu jellos drodd rhe Thatyrbenu, eisiau yma rhaeth fo end ymth Eaton
+[168.980 --> 180.260]  fel y'n d
+[180.660 --> 181.360]  beth ddu o farendas verbal DR
+[182.520 --> 183.860]  ancynderisdorfen cylwbro
+[184.060 --> 186.660]  wnt yn ymwi baklla goorà Could
+[186.920 --> 187.360]  i fod cael ddebu wedi disynnau
+[187.560 --> 188.660]  i wedi beth feerdeyn
+[188.860 --> 189.760]  lan y anghylwedd
+[189.960 --> 199.740]  o gwlusit o cael cyclса
+[199.960 --> 202.660]  tharn时d ag un ochussi bydd hefn
+[202.860 --> 203.660]  ac er a beth gyd mwy fill
+[203.900 --> 205.300]  pwðraidmaanol flofde
+[205.500 --> 205.860]  sef cyfle dea'n ond
+[206.060 --> 206.660]  am blim ond,
+[206.860 --> 207.380]  un ni'n waegill
+[207.580 --> 208.340]  gyfer,
+[208.540 --> 209.120]  ddegu cynhi deid
+[209.320 --> 210.100]  fy y kidneyym起來
+[210.100 --> 211.800]  A i hailyn o liberawn o farthafrída.
+[213.180 --> 214.400]  Mynaedd wythais yr g te Carefultheyn
+[214.560 --> 216.480]  y Cyddo ei rolych mwyn ei awyl i yr fel synuno.
+[216.620 --> 219.080]  S herfyn syd o ffordd sy雙ir,
+[219.220 --> 222.300]  mae cael eu arców 11109 a 145 viral,
+[222.420 --> 225.440]  o startup 129 praiseau a'r i defneidelnau yn dylewą
+[225.540 --> 228.740]  a gwaithebwn sy'n adon edul
+[228.880 --> 231.020]  fel â waithemi,
+[232.860 --> 234.880]  Dynet wrth wedi mynd j zewn n Indeed.
+[235.040 --> 236.720]  brainw本 daff o'r ymdwysóþu oedd chior four
+[236.900 --> 239.400]  dda neud hyn��요 medwéth,
+[239.400 --> 255.860]  pwed adhesive iλι, nhw mae'n iwi'r ei f easygdyd
+[261.860 --> 265.500]  anthig redd w Wednesday.
+[265.500 --> 269.500] wsgwrdd llifarynauwthraeth yn flymoedd herfynyn cfuな.
+[269.500 --> 273.500]  Mae'r invitediaduaeth ymbyg wedi'r przethald newydd yn ymwy76 o lächod.
+[273.500 --> 275.700]  Mae'�en fi bod that waffle y galbawr i'r hasslewydd iawnilywed ein nan wych yn yna
+[275.700 --> 288.940]  gwneidlu fel iawna micau当��� Ahmed
+[288.940 --> 294.700]  ac amser Dafferrighiau'uашkiillyanau, darnaedd hynnygiol yw'r gydynchedd newydd
+[294.700 --> 299.720]  Gdu'n gwrsrka雲,unodd y ensembleki een settled wobd yma a to â infected yn aiesuodraŋ a hyn,
+[300.040 --> 304.320]  ac ei pat meinterod wetna segereddi, wrth ein gall gw now relain a ond i gysfogol i fynd.
+[307.560 --> 312.080]  Mae ddyn arc y gallu stradau sydd eu gorfa wedi arò at ywe cedru'n golbyf yn ll przedstawio.
+[314.880 --> 320.680]  Mae pawriedd p countdownir, roedd yn addedd mae'n ac un gwaithi gwydd wedi llawer ân yshawild.
+[320.680 --> 327.200]  yn utiliz incredibly fungnu sexroduc gennwyn pwydsemble fydd hynny fe i ddefnyddfau honnyn ithryddfa
+[327.200 --> 334.320] us o ffint viwn gael o re Righteous egg буiau, ac i elchai bodawn bez nhw i катeth rhawd gethau
+[334.320 --> 338.200]  o'r clus עym ynmael neu ps insecuritylu ac lefid beth sy'n nhw genna beth d福od ei
+[338.200 --> 342.300]  ffint y dyg defnyddaeth rekw gyda gwneud ddefnydaeth fel hedraeth o chffafio
+[342.300 --> 347.200]  rhai yn entwch chi chiодadau yr elchai yn Laidolwn i ein Ain d sûrob dwi laid bod
+[347.200 --> 349.560]  mem TIRT Wochenwyr ffint [# Catalете
+[349.560 --> 352.260]  i'r mas a' chi i siur adegyn, um i gefnαι unugg wedyn.
+[352.260 --> 366.800]  A iwnmaedd i siiriD
+[366.800 --> 371.300]  yn faur felan Clodol y relник.
+[371.300 --> 373.140]  naive也可以weithiaeth b y madef unweith i i fy hwn…
+[373.140 --> 374.740]  …an genneithelly am trwy wnen sy'n,
+[374.740 --> 376.260]  hew de, peir hyn ff Fundroel oes,
+[376.260 --> 377.740]  Dyma'r anifoddol,
+[378.580 --> 380.220]  formasyddol ar fad solyr anifodd cooled
+[380.220 --> 382.700]  sy'n credu fingraes un draws
+[383.420 --> 386.460]  hynny wedi bod osigodaeth'n cou brech...
+[386.680 --> 387.940]  Mae'r genwan nhw actually
+[387.940 --> 390.100]  arod nhw ukaithu ein業an
+[390.260 --> 391.900]  o Sniwy nameir oeddwn caid arod efydylfiedd
+[391.900 --> 394.980]  alerc yn sydd wedi gyniadau'n gys WitchDog pan
+[395.340 --> 400.940]  a d
+[401.820 --> 403.000]  E.g chi fwais mafoda Ground
+[403.400 --> 404.900]  antenneau moiň provide co rod
+[405.400 --> 408.560]  i issues i rhoi da far
+[408.860 --> 412.260]  sydd wedi fod i nad yw os crall
+[413.000 --> 415.200]  bennlon clwolf fino
+[415.700 --> 418.140]  sygu chi wedi��d I económ
+[418.340 --> 423.300]  interpre mae ing lle roedd o' oed
+[423.300 --> 424.300]  creild i contl jaid ddatgan
+[424.300 --> 427.700]  fyr Meeting
+[428.180 --> 428.740]  Ryan Kenny i croeid y Gymrech
+[429.060 --> 429.860]  a neud diall o Dild di
+[429.860 --> 433.520]  Ys gweithio fel dysgu amdol ac o feu nenaid yn inhiblaus neu amęd.
+[434.920 --> 438.180]  Ysverll nhw pam synamen� ycsod knowes yo gan был yshf sydd hanedigo amus a hynny.
+[438.180 --> 444.300]  C dyna i anodog sut gwy ま año Basketime lrin bradau maratau mewn amdashing fnwanodi?
+[444.300 --> 449.400]  Mae gall wirai fod yn rhaxi구�iaethnau mewn ar gymnod ff może ac ymyddo bod y'n aidod nesb 농wedd.
+[449.400 --> 452.020]  A'r refilli mewn arw hyn A'r gburyi touti fod yn d Targyk verybaleki.
+[452.020 --> 454.400]  Strategioeddwn는pi dew Ifox ympagdwl ar Gymnodd,
+[454.400 --> 456.020]  gwahanono에 dym まeneg Charmgeいやr 15 l daw ddimawr,
+[456.020 --> 458.640] dem Iegedr ceis i bus Wrthwydd i Y Stones
+[458.640 --> 460.320]  gyda CHRIS ynu ti'r cymerppt.
+[460.320 --> 463.140]  All whatwn ti'r dataeth gydw 잾wr
+[463.140 --> 466.960]  vonnywch yn Ysg byddoau'r y sem ar適 gen maenu
+[466.960 --> 470.960]  Chi-ny wedi hunri y miw
+[471.460 --> 473.680]  yn hebach Centroedd,
+[473.680 --> 476.180]  gyd yna yw pw consoles간ol â prifeth gennal
+[476.180 --> 479.080]  iddeid i gymneud unbwchowany veryn
+[479.080 --> 504.740]  fo o siolia
+[509.080 --> 512.960]  gallo'n giiithfa
+[512.960 --> 519.280]  adwy yn ffadde i'rion unrhyw i'r gweithin a sy'n dy examination mewn cymrydd cy prends anilliadai
+[519.280 --> 523.520]  omr ydyllen y cymryd fy nes 열 i'r.
+[523.520 --> 524.320]  Gall ac fill am gydym, reachfarne�� am ffordd fforddAndiu
+[524.320 --> 527.680]  perihwyf fefyd ei yna o concentrated ein hyado roedd ei
+[527.680 --> 530.980] earau ni'n myndКА rei wedi diolch,
+[530.980 --> 533.880]  i chi rhywbeth y mae cwrnalch yn carthgroethion
+[533.880 --> 535.480]  fan gymraethill, itodau g終i eventually
+[535.480 --> 538.280]  ac toryr yna sydd rhoiw angenadru
+[538.280 --> 542.080]  o départert o Dy Malant ganAS'n draetraasabodd.
+[542.080 --> 545.080]  Dyna ei sut wedi'n ufolgdewymingad a wneu hymolforiaf
+[545.080 --> 546.980]  i'r hyd i'r materiodd言 eithrau gwneud
+[546.980 --> 549.340]  yn eti�� alm дел ddiwchau
+[549.340 --> 552.320]  assyntaf cyfciataeth brafs abyd yma치는
+[552.320 --> 553.340]  wedi ennnu disablef nraft涵
+[553.340 --> 555.580]  i hallout جa 명a saw lle gylwydd
+[555.600 --> 557.140]  i n last a llayr i gweld rossewn
+[557.140 --> 557.280]  ac indo fathsudo 80 inclusio
+[557.280 --> 557.980]  daol lagddai yma yn helpu
+[557.980 --> 560.020]  yn boyens fel hostai
+[560.020 --> 561.500]  wedi ddylau ym wedi g threats
+[561.500 --> 563.540]  a'rsched helpero own dewl ei
+[563.540 --> 564.920]  bod an optaeth na ddlai
+[564.920 --> 585.640]  innan ddatum siangun Pine
+[585.760 --> 587.520]  energy cataf test un
+[587.640 --> 591.780]  o playbar you
+[591.920 --> 594.120]  a'r processberops.
+[594.120 --> 599.120]  New dipsygyllwyr am auti sgwysig penu hynny.
+[599.120 --> 601.380]  Wasdenio profiadauŵn yn dibaw Automatau Const numbietan
+[601.480 --> 606.120]  twb yma worm hvisodau fel sperlyeun amweithio lloeibは
+[606.240 --> 610.880]  temwfod痌fa drwyl a un Alban i holu eich tun.
+[610.880 --> 614.980]  Pras Berufololλolololololololol Sorry.
+[616.800 --> 620.520]  Rd genytus sut h Welsh ounus yn ei gallu ei weld gymref无idiws,
+[620.520 --> 627.960]  Cchronull symmer ythrediga'r syddio edrych chi ddimfoddo I aggroead cause Taiwan
+[627.960 --> 629.320]  Ein i Halloween fel y chwara
+[629.320 --> 632.080]  safar sopan y Shorthsayr yn sichu'r syli Federation
+[632.080 --> 634.400]  adrenaliCarabashi o thr Birmingham
+[634.400 --> 648.360]  MaeChristof yn Llyw dod eu corre
+[648.360 --> 652.360]  o healed mwyn ei roedd yn rugu y perlybod ymplgau,
+[652.360 --> 654.360]  un rab Hui.
+[656.360 --> 660.360]  Mgy cdmol ar Ys cou roedd yr iawn,
+[660.360 --> 662.360]  ac i broly boid i barwedd aesprew sem any,
+[662.360 --> 664.360]  ac I oeddb yn minnau bmeddau tew ymwyr
+[664.360 --> 668.360]  y byddun sy'n iawn dde external m justio
+[668.360 --> 670.360]  a dy� Itbid i diallwodaeth,
+[670.360 --> 674.360]  a trwybwy sethet stradwwrdd ac yr sweeterwfng
+[674.360 --> 677.600]  aiofal gallwn Miithau am squeil.
+[677.600 --> 681.060]  Y wedyn ei miss toutor maen� un fan wedi gwird.
+[681.060 --> 683.940]  Siyn Gr yarraith ein 모— Sadly, yey gwaard yn mynd yno,
+[683.940 --> 686.120]  ni un feith â fνnig ikair 4w們ぁadau a cael osdeithio yn un feithau,
+[686.120 --> 689.460]  jafyn y closed hyn y cy McL 10ę o siodd ironsteau
+[689.460 --> 692.340]  ar yn u mostly g Parsth wnessher.
+[693.040 --> 694.680]  Dyna adwch Dryna eich rhywbeth vegą y pal出來 smut
+[694.680 --> 695.860]  i graŠomag walliatau fod oedd.
+[695.860 --> 699.360]  Dyna b вдруг cew oedd gennych!
+[699.360 --> 704.280]  sydd fy mis y bobl o efoathi o Houston diw hwnn yn y fung靰?
+[704.360 --> 707.680]  Mwy bod sydd sydd eu weld'r Gym Te все non âñe,
+[707.760 --> 712.900]  sou gydr angeneg Rank Jogi grŵm Ny botarol â revitaliaeth Medddów
+[713.000 --> 714.500]  o dre Riwy👩 oedd llenio yw assurel ynmakers
+[714.560 --> 717.360]  cymryd yr â cyf infection meungafenidioostosol.
+[717.440 --> 720.800]  Oną febaviraedd enГawrfyrdd cerur hynnyd 20 yn cyn司ur
+[720.880 --> 723.400]  i stenin hyn ¯‿¯¯ßt systemiau
+[723.480 --> 725.880]  i'r y rhwm oeddwn gweld heb dakes sut pixi meiro
+[725.880 --> 727.880]  at atch efo, a gweld vaith a fwirrag hwn�u nhw.
+[727.880 --> 729.880]  Frankly, goνch i d dyplei gweithi clur y gallu chi chi.
+[729.880 --> 732.880]  Kale fynradddu wneud dyn, ac f Holy eye to di enjoy.
+[735.880 --> 738.880]  Roedd gwi'n o Betaig yn gyda greu il—
+[738.880 --> 741.880]  un diifi cyff heart electricalDamag
+[741.880 --> 744.560]  aololio am armloiol axol Supplyd i papr buy a bwri dom
+[744.560 --> 746.280]  a fwingе a wneud avaient борfysys yn No2
+[746.280 --> 749.880]  o miniam chi niог wok troi ni'n rhog f humanitarian
+[749.880 --> 752.280]  chi i budddi混fa, a f ffwndragu
+[752.280 --> 771.660] 
+[782.280 --> 790.240] 92 o稱ai rydych chi
+[812.280 --> 815.800]  Pom
+[828.880 --> 835.800]  shades

transcript/webinar_meQGiZ8uP0M.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,1123 @@
+[0.000 --> 7.040]  Welcome everybody. I'm Greg Roskov, owner and developer of muscle activation
+[7.040 --> 11.840]  technique and welcome. We have a lot of people here today and we're going to
+[11.840 --> 17.980]  talk about foot function and so basically this basically we have a
+[17.980 --> 24.120]  complex structure that I mean always say the foot's the first thing that hits
+[24.120 --> 28.520]  the ground and the rest of the body has to react to what the foot does and so we
+[28.520 --> 33.360]  really have to have an understanding of foot mechanics in order to understand
+[33.360 --> 38.800]  its relationship with the total body function. I started really getting
+[38.800 --> 45.080]  interested in the foot because I had a fractured vertebrae and when I was 19 and
+[45.080 --> 50.840]  literally over 25 years ago had a lot of residual problems related to it and
+[50.840 --> 55.560]  next thing I know I had Patelipamoral syndrome, Planner Pashitis, SI
+[55.560 --> 60.960]  joint dysfunction and one injury after another and my body had just gone through
+[60.960 --> 65.560]  a lot of compensatory movement patterns and in the big picture that's what led
+[65.560 --> 71.960]  me to to the development of MAT but it started actually my whole process
+[71.960 --> 77.480]  started when I was working at a physical therapy group and I had a physical
+[77.480 --> 80.880]  therapist that understood the biomechanics and movement and the inner
+[80.880 --> 84.440]  relationships of joints and how the foot the ankle the knee the hip and the
+[84.440 --> 89.920]  trunk all the way to the out to put were interrelated and one day I came
+[89.920 --> 93.720]  in complaining how my back was bothering me and this physical therapist Richard
+[93.720 --> 99.080]  Jackson he taught classes all over the country and spine, spine, mechanic to
+[99.080 --> 105.760]  physical therapists and mobilization techniques for spine problems but he
+[105.760 --> 110.600]  actually did an assessment on me and my back was killing me and he mobilized my
+[110.600 --> 115.880]  big toe and for the rest of the day my back didn't hurt and I was literally at
+[115.880 --> 119.840]  that point in time with how can my big toe have anything to do with with my
+[119.840 --> 125.680]  back pain and so that got me looking at the whole biomechanical chain and
+[125.680 --> 129.080]  like I said how the foot the ankle the knee the hip the trunk all the way that
+[129.080 --> 133.320]  the out to put are all interrelated and so I started seeking out specialists in
+[133.320 --> 138.840]  in every field that understood the biomechanics and I mean ironically it brought
+[138.840 --> 143.960]  me to some physical therapists Gary Gray who I would say is probably the king
+[143.960 --> 150.320]  of function and functional training functional movement brought me to Gary
+[150.320 --> 156.440]  and some podiatrist that looked at foot mechanics and how the foot impacted
+[156.440 --> 162.680]  motion up the chain and I really started to gain an understanding of foot
+[162.680 --> 167.000]  mechanics but the interesting thing was that everyone that I was learning from
+[167.000 --> 173.800]  at the time through understanding foot mechanics the end result was putting
+[173.800 --> 179.880]  people in orthotics and so I I transferred I mean into that I mean even though
+[179.880 --> 185.280]  I was in the training and sports performance side of it I really gained an
+[185.280 --> 191.800]  understanding of foot mechanics but my fix was somebody had abnormal foot
+[191.800 --> 196.760]  mechanics I would put them in orthotics and so I had the goal to change function
+[196.760 --> 202.160]  up the chain my goal was I mean if I can change the way the foot hits the
+[202.160 --> 207.160]  ground then I can maybe take stress off joints and tissues up the chain that
+[207.160 --> 212.280]  that may be painful but over time one of the things that I realized and I mean
+[212.280 --> 216.760]  a perfect woman was the example where she came into me she was an alter
+[216.760 --> 223.360]  endurance runner and she came to me with hip pain chronic hip pain and so I put
+[223.360 --> 227.760]  her in orthotics and then I would set them up on a follow-up exercise programs
+[227.760 --> 233.640]  and and to tie in with this interrelated chain and so I put her in orthotics
+[233.640 --> 238.880]  and her hip pain went away immediately and so once her hip pain went away I
+[238.880 --> 242.560]  thought I did my job and we were doing the exercise programs and she came in
+[242.560 --> 246.600]  one week and said you know I don't know if this has anything to do with it
+[246.600 --> 250.000]  but ever since I've been in these orthotics even though my hip pain's gone
+[250.000 --> 255.080]  away she goes I can barely sleep at night because my neck hurts so bad and I
+[255.080 --> 259.200]  had to go back to what I heard myself saying all the time is how the foot the
+[259.200 --> 263.200]  ankle the knee the hip the trunk all the way to the archipelite are interrelated
+[263.200 --> 267.440]  and she's got neck pain all the way to the archipelite and she's got neck pain
+[267.440 --> 272.800]  as far away from the foot as you could be and so I was like well I can't ignore
+[272.800 --> 277.840]  that fact and so I said you know let's try something so I took her out of the
+[277.840 --> 281.760]  orthotics and she comes back the next week and her neck pain's gone but her
+[281.760 --> 286.600]  hip pain was back and all I realized at that point in time as all I did was
+[286.600 --> 291.360]  redirect the stress and and it seemed to me like when I would put people in
+[291.360 --> 296.200]  orthotics that things would change their pain that they came in complaining about
+[296.200 --> 300.880]  may have gone away but something else may have arisen some other dysfunction or
+[300.880 --> 305.680]  pain issue may have arisen and so I started looking I wanted to look deeper
+[305.680 --> 309.520]  into that and at the same time through all of this I was developing muscle
+[309.520 --> 314.440]  activation techniques and looking at the muscle systems role in chronic pain
+[314.440 --> 320.280]  and injury and recognizing through muscle activation technique I always say the
+[320.280 --> 325.200]  integrated system is only as good as the function of its isolated parts so we
+[325.200 --> 329.840]  literally through the principles of MAT we look at all the isolated parts and
+[329.840 --> 336.240]  understand that if somebody has shoulder dysfunction that there's all these
+[336.240 --> 340.000]  moving parts that have to be working all at the right time like muscles have to
+[340.000 --> 344.920]  be able to contract and contract on demand and functions about timing and so
+[344.920 --> 348.640]  we understand the mechanics of just lifting in the shoulder flexion or
+[348.640 --> 353.440]  abduction and you understand that you have to have components of motion you have
+[353.440 --> 357.680]  to have spinal extension you have to have upward rotation of the scapula and
+[357.840 --> 362.000]  that's all about timing because initially the the acts as a motion is at the
+[362.000 --> 366.560]  superior angle of the the scapula and then as you create tension on the
+[366.560 --> 371.000]  chromioclivicular ligaments the acts just changes to the ac joint and then you
+[371.000 --> 374.040]  have your rotator cuff muscles holding the head of the humerus and the
+[374.040 --> 377.440]  green oil you have all of these things that have to happen and they have to
+[377.440 --> 382.760]  happen at the right time and so in that philosophy I've always looked at that
+[382.760 --> 387.240]  muscles move bones and muscles hold bones in proper alignment and as long as
+[387.240 --> 390.640]  those muscles are all firing and firing on demand they can do their job and
+[390.640 --> 396.440]  normal motion occurs and so my thought was why why does this philosophy change
+[396.440 --> 401.920]  with the feet right I mean muscle you have muscles that support the feet and
+[401.920 --> 406.480]  they come up the leg you look at the origin insertions the red and blue paint
+[406.480 --> 411.240]  on this the these origins come from the leg and come down and insert the
+[411.240 --> 415.520]  muscles insert onto the feet so why would we think that muscles don't have an
+[415.520 --> 419.720]  impact in the feet and put mechanics the same way that they impact shoulder
+[419.720 --> 424.560]  mechanics as final mechanics and motion throughout the body so I really started
+[424.560 --> 430.280]  looking deeper at at put mechanics and muscle function with the feet and really
+[430.280 --> 434.280]  understanding like I said the integrated system is only as good as the
+[434.280 --> 440.800]  function of its isolated parts now you take this complex structure and as I
+[440.800 --> 446.680]  this structure here from the knee down you have 28 bones and 55 articulations and
+[446.680 --> 452.200]  the foot has two main functions these two main functions are to be able to
+[452.200 --> 456.280]  when the foot hits the ground to be able to be a loop you know mobile adapter to
+[456.280 --> 460.960]  be able to absorb shock and then at the right moment in time as the swing leg
+[460.960 --> 464.440]  comes through and drives you into propulsion that foot has to be a rigid
+[464.440 --> 468.640]  lever so that your whole body can transfer its weight over top of that
+[468.640 --> 474.000]  rigid lever and so a lot of things have to happen at the right time it has to
+[474.000 --> 477.440]  be a mobile adapter at the right time and it has to be a rigid lever at the
+[477.440 --> 482.400]  right time and a mobile adapter would be a pronated foot and a rigid lever would
+[482.400 --> 487.240]  be a supinated foot so basically the foot has to be able to pronate and it has
+[487.240 --> 492.640]  to be able to supinate and we know in the I mean in the foot I mean industry
+[492.640 --> 497.840]  when we talk about the pronation is like the the buzzword the people have
+[497.840 --> 502.300]  pronation problems well I had someone tell me one time is like yeah I went
+[502.300 --> 505.880]  and got my feet evaluated and they told me I pronated and I'm like that's
+[505.880 --> 510.280]  great because pronation is half the gate cycle and I hope you supinate also
+[510.280 --> 516.160]  and where dysfunctions occur if you're pronating or supinating at the wrong
+[516.160 --> 520.060]  time and that's what we're going to kind of talk about is understanding foot
+[520.060 --> 525.580]  mechanics and this complex piece of machinery here which is like I said the
+[525.580 --> 529.480]  foot is the first thing that hits the ground so the rest of the body has to
+[529.480 --> 534.780]  react to what the foot does and so when that when that foot hits the ground
+[534.780 --> 540.460]  there's motion occurring at multiple joints in the foot the same way that when
+[540.460 --> 543.700]  I said you if you go into shoulder flexion or abduction that there's
+[543.700 --> 549.900]  motion occurring at multiple joints in the shoulder so you have to break
+[549.900 --> 555.220]  this complex piece of machinery down into its isolated parts also and
+[555.220 --> 559.740]  understand that if you can't get motion at one joint you put your body will
+[559.740 --> 563.700]  try and compensate and pick it up at another joint where it can get where it can
+[563.700 --> 568.700]  get that motion so the first thing about understanding foot mechanics is
+[568.700 --> 572.500]  understanding the main joints that are involved even so though I said there's
+[572.500 --> 576.940]  28 bones and 55 articulations I mean that's what allows it to be the mobile
+[576.940 --> 581.500]  adapter and the rigid lever when the muscles are contracting and doing the
+[581.500 --> 587.620]  right thing at the right time but there's main joints that we can look at that
+[587.620 --> 592.360]  muscles can function around and those main joints if we start from the
+[592.360 --> 596.860]  rear foot and move to the forefoot those main joints the first joint is the
+[596.860 --> 601.220]  talor cruel joint and the talor cruel joint is basically the joint where the
+[601.220 --> 606.900]  distal tibia and fibula come down into the talus and and articulate what the
+[606.900 --> 611.700]  talus so you see here there where the tibia and fibula move over the talus
+[611.700 --> 617.380]  talus so in motion that that's one of the movements that occurs in lower leg
+[617.380 --> 622.020]  and foot mechanics but something really interesting about that I mean I said
+[622.020 --> 625.780]  we have all these muscles that come up the leg look at the other end of the
+[625.780 --> 632.700]  tibia and fibula where does that where does that go to the knee so the foot has
+[632.700 --> 637.420]  a direct impact on knee joint function and you think from the opposite
+[637.420 --> 641.700]  standpoint the femur comes down from the hip and so basically the femur coming
+[641.700 --> 646.140]  down from the hip and the tibia and fibula coming up from the leg I always say
+[646.140 --> 650.740]  the knee is a dumb joint the knee is basically looking up at the hip saying hip
+[650.740 --> 654.260]  you tell me what to do and foot you tell me what to do and if you two don't
+[654.260 --> 659.460]  agree then I'm in the middle getting beat up because you cannot impact foot
+[659.460 --> 664.140]  mechanics and not affect knee joint mechanics and so those are the
+[664.140 --> 668.540]  considerations we have to have when we do make changes or we put artificial
+[668.540 --> 673.140]  support devices i.e. orthotics and people's feed is what impact is it having
+[673.140 --> 677.100]  all the way up the chain and so hopefully when we get done with this you'll
+[677.100 --> 681.140]  have a better understanding of the foot and the muscle systems roll in foot
+[681.140 --> 685.780]  mechanics and how it impacts movement all the way up the chain but when I talked
+[685.780 --> 692.140]  about the origin and assertions here there's 50 muscles that attach from the
+[692.140 --> 696.460]  leg from the knee down that's a lot of on each side of the body there's 50
+[696.460 --> 700.980]  muscles that attach from the knee down and all of those muscles have an impact
+[700.980 --> 706.540]  on lower leg and foot mechanics and so we have to understand those muscles I
+[706.540 --> 710.780]  mean we can think anterior tip and gastroc but when we got the perineals the
+[710.780 --> 716.940]  peronis longis peronis brevis, tertis, the anterior tip, the
+[716.940 --> 722.860]  flexors of the toes, the extensions of the toes and we have the posterior
+[722.860 --> 727.940]  tibialis and we have all of these muscles that attach most of them attach at
+[727.940 --> 732.660]  the lower leg and come down and also attach to the foot so the foot is never
+[732.660 --> 736.860]  functioning independent of the lower leg because the attachments of most of
+[736.860 --> 742.220]  the muscles come up and attach on the lower leg and so the key is is these
+[742.220 --> 749.500]  50 muscles are responsible for controlling pronation and supination so
+[749.500 --> 753.180]  pronation like I said earlier is when the foot hits the ground I mean you have
+[753.180 --> 757.660]  to absorb shock and so that foot has to be this I mean mobile adapter to
+[757.660 --> 763.940]  adapt to abnormal terrain and absorb shock and so muscles function to
+[763.940 --> 768.920]  eccentricly control pronation when that foot hits the ground the muscles are
+[768.920 --> 773.540]  eccentricly controlling pronation as they eccentricly control internal
+[773.540 --> 779.420]  rotation of the tibia and the ankle dorsiflexion and so the role of the muscles in
+[779.420 --> 785.180]  shock absorption are to eccentricly control motion and then those muscles are
+[785.180 --> 790.340]  placed as they eccentricly control motion they are placed on a stretch and
+[790.340 --> 795.780]  then as the swing leg comes through and drives a rotational force as the leg
+[795.780 --> 800.260]  as it pronated everything collapse down and inward and then as a swing
+[800.260 --> 804.620]  leg comes through it creates an external rotation and propulsive force that
+[804.620 --> 808.020]  actually locks that forefoot to the rear foot and then you have a rigid lever
+[808.020 --> 813.620]  to propel off of so the same muscles that eccentricly control pronation are
+[813.620 --> 819.300]  the muscles that are concentrically super creating supination so muscle function
+[819.300 --> 826.620]  plays a huge role in our overall function and our functional capabilities the
+[826.620 --> 832.260]  key is is where we have dysfunction is that in that transformation from
+[832.260 --> 837.140]  pronation to supination if the timing's off or the muscles aren't contracting
+[837.140 --> 841.540]  as efficiently as they're designed to contract then the body comes in it lands
+[841.540 --> 845.420]  on the foot and the muscles that can't if they're not strong enough and active
+[845.420 --> 849.340]  enough to be able to eccentricly control pronation then they can't
+[849.340 --> 853.620]  concentrate to supinate and then you have the problem of an excessive
+[853.620 --> 861.420]  pronator so pronation is a neural muscular disorder and when I started
+[861.420 --> 868.020]  learning early on from Towspecialist and physical therapy and and podiatry
+[868.020 --> 873.940]  the common theme was that if you had mobility if you locked it in a supinated
+[873.940 --> 878.100]  position if you invert the calcaneus the forefoot should lock to the rear foot
+[878.100 --> 882.540]  because that would be the position that the foot's in when you supinate and so
+[882.540 --> 887.020]  if you were in an open chain environment if you evaluated somebody and you
+[887.020 --> 891.860]  buried excuse me inverted their calcaneus and this forefoot didn't lock to the
+[891.860 --> 897.780]  rear foot then it was considered ligament laxity that that's a structural or
+[897.780 --> 902.820]  I mean a passive structure issue that can't be solved through muscle function and
+[902.820 --> 907.460]  so the idea when somebody had that ligament laxity is that they need or
+[907.460 --> 911.340]  thought it's because they're because of the instability in their foot they
+[911.340 --> 916.020]  need or thought it's to help maintain that that stability through the foot and
+[916.020 --> 920.180]  so that's I mean literally what I would do when I would put it in my thought was
+[920.180 --> 924.500]  when I put people in or thought it's I was trying to create stability through
+[924.500 --> 930.060]  the foot well muscles move bones and muscles hold bones in proper alignment when
+[930.060 --> 934.620]  I say that that means muscles are what provides stability through the foot
+[934.620 --> 939.540]  and as I created M.A.T. and started looking at all the muscles in the foot we
+[939.540 --> 944.300]  can actually test every muscle in the foot I actually would went through an early
+[944.300 --> 947.900]  on in my career I went through and evaluate people's foot mechanic and what I
+[947.900 --> 953.100]  thought was a ligament laxity issue after I got muscles activated and able to
+[953.100 --> 956.900]  contract and contract on demand when I invert the forefoot what looked like
+[956.940 --> 960.660]  what appeared to be a ligament laxity issue was no longer a ligament laxity
+[960.660 --> 964.540]  issue because the muscles were now doing their job to hold the bones in proper
+[964.540 --> 968.820]  alignment and when I supinated the forefoot the rear foot or the rear foot the
+[968.820 --> 974.420]  forefoot would lock to the rear foot so it proved to me or it was my first eye
+[974.420 --> 980.780]  opener that muscles control foot mechanics and so the muscles have to
+[980.780 --> 985.820]  control e-centrically control pronation and concentrically through the
+[985.820 --> 990.100]  storage of elastic energy in the recoil that they concentrically create
+[990.100 --> 995.860]  supination so started looking at the muscle function and start as he
+[995.860 --> 1000.700]  changes and I can tell you over the years over the last 25 years I've taken
+[1000.700 --> 1006.580]  more people out of orthotics and been able to improve their foot mechanics by
+[1006.580 --> 1013.020]  improving muscle function so we'll show example here here in a little bit but
+[1013.020 --> 1017.580]  but it's understanding the first thing is I said there's 50 muscles that
+[1017.580 --> 1022.220]  cross the axis that I mean the touch below the knee joint but it's first
+[1022.220 --> 1026.580]  understanding all these joints started with the telekural joint and all these
+[1026.580 --> 1030.980]  joints have to have independent motion or the capability to move through their
+[1030.980 --> 1035.820]  independent motion which there is what their axis dictates and if they can't
+[1035.820 --> 1040.860]  then the body has to compensate for that lack of motion and so if we understand
+[1040.860 --> 1045.220]  the first movement like I said was a joint is the telekural joint the next
+[1045.220 --> 1050.340]  joint is the subtaller joint so the telekural joint and the subtaller joint
+[1050.340 --> 1055.940]  make up the rear foot and so this telekural joint based on its axis of motion
+[1055.940 --> 1060.020]  that basically horizontal that comes through the medial to lateral maliolis
+[1060.020 --> 1064.380]  the based on its axis the dominant motion that occurs at the telekural
+[1064.380 --> 1070.660]  joint is ankle dorsiflexion and the subtaller joint with it actually is coming
+[1070.660 --> 1075.140]  more oblique to them from the calcanius through the talus the motion that
+[1075.140 --> 1079.900]  occurs there is transverse and frontal plane motion and based on the
+[1079.900 --> 1084.460]  position of the axis there's almost equal amounts of transverse and frontal
+[1084.460 --> 1089.540]  plane motion in the subtaller joint so if you think of transverse plane motion
+[1089.540 --> 1093.700]  is basically adduction and abduction through the terminology of foot mechanics
+[1093.700 --> 1099.380]  and frontal plane motion is inversion and eversion and so in the rear foot
+[1099.440 --> 1104.620]  through the talo cruel joint in the subtaller joint you have large amount
+[1104.620 --> 1108.700]  of motion in all three planes you have a significant amount of sagittal plane
+[1108.700 --> 1113.360]  motion through the talo cruel joint and then you have a significant amount of
+[1113.360 --> 1116.980]  frontal or equal amounts of frontal and transverse plane motion through the
+[1116.980 --> 1122.380]  subtaller joint so significant amounts of motion in all three planes and then on
+[1122.380 --> 1129.060]  the mid foot or the mid foot to 4 foot is made up of the Mittarza joints in the
+[1129.060 --> 1133.040]  mid-tarsal joints are basically made up with your talon
+[1133.040 --> 1136.540]  and evicular joint and your telcanial cuboid.
+[1136.540 --> 1138.580]  So it's basically moving forward.
+[1138.580 --> 1140.020]  You have the subtaller joint,
+[1140.020 --> 1143.100]  which the talus is the common denominator being.
+[1143.100 --> 1148.100]  We are entreing the mid-tarsal and the subtaller joint.
+[1149.060 --> 1152.460]  But basically, you have two different axes.
+[1152.460 --> 1155.060]  One, the longitudinal axis is through your talon
+[1155.060 --> 1156.300]  and evicular joint.
+[1156.300 --> 1157.900]  And then the oblique axis,
+[1157.900 --> 1161.980]  which is more oblique runs through your talcanial cuboid joint.
+[1161.980 --> 1163.980]  And so between those two axes,
+[1163.980 --> 1165.660]  you have combined motion.
+[1165.660 --> 1168.380]  A longitudinal axis is more horizontal.
+[1168.380 --> 1170.980]  So that provides motion in the frontal plane,
+[1170.980 --> 1174.340]  which gives you inversion and eversion in the forefoot.
+[1174.340 --> 1180.820]  And the oblique axis provides sagittal and transverse plane
+[1180.820 --> 1183.820]  motion, which gives you planar flexion and adduction
+[1183.820 --> 1186.820]  or dorsiflexion and adduction combined motions
+[1186.820 --> 1188.140]  about that axis.
+[1188.140 --> 1189.820]  So again, like the rear foot,
+[1189.820 --> 1192.340]  you have equal amounts of motion in all,
+[1192.340 --> 1195.540]  or significant amounts of motion in all three planes.
+[1196.660 --> 1199.220]  So then we have to understand foot mechanics
+[1199.220 --> 1201.740]  as it relates to function.
+[1201.740 --> 1203.740]  But if you were to stand in,
+[1203.740 --> 1204.860]  if you're sitting or standing,
+[1204.860 --> 1205.940]  I want you to just think about,
+[1205.940 --> 1208.580]  if you invert your foot in the open chain,
+[1208.580 --> 1211.100]  if you have your foot and you just invert your foot,
+[1211.100 --> 1214.460]  you have a combination of planar flexion, adduction,
+[1214.460 --> 1217.300]  and inversion throughout the whole foot.
+[1217.300 --> 1219.220]  And if you've heard it, if you turn it out,
+[1219.220 --> 1222.060]  you have a combination of dorsiflexion, adduction,
+[1222.060 --> 1223.900]  and eversion.
+[1223.900 --> 1226.900]  So those are combined motions that occur
+[1226.900 --> 1230.060]  about the axis of the foot.
+[1230.060 --> 1232.380]  But when I just talked about foot mechanics,
+[1232.380 --> 1233.900]  I talked about the different axes
+[1233.900 --> 1236.180]  between the forefoot and the rear foot.
+[1236.180 --> 1238.180]  When you're in the open chain,
+[1238.180 --> 1241.780]  the forefoot and the rear foot move in one direction.
+[1241.780 --> 1243.780]  They move together.
+[1243.780 --> 1245.860]  When the foot's on the ground,
+[1245.860 --> 1248.900]  as soon as that foot hits the ground,
+[1248.900 --> 1251.420]  the ground pushes the foot back up.
+[1251.420 --> 1253.620]  So basically the ground comes hit the foot.
+[1253.620 --> 1255.100]  It becomes pitched to the ground
+[1255.100 --> 1257.140]  and see how this foot hits the ground.
+[1257.140 --> 1259.140]  The forefoot is actually getting pushed up.
+[1260.140 --> 1262.460]  So the forefoot is getting pushed up
+[1262.460 --> 1265.780]  into dorsiflexion, adduction, eversion.
+[1265.780 --> 1270.060]  As the leg and body weight comes down in the opposite direction.
+[1270.060 --> 1272.780]  So the rear foot and the forefoot move
+[1272.780 --> 1277.780]  in opposite directions when you're on weight-bearing activity.
+[1277.900 --> 1279.580]  So in open chain activity,
+[1279.580 --> 1281.860]  the forefoot and the rear foot move together.
+[1281.860 --> 1283.100]  When that foot hits the ground,
+[1283.100 --> 1286.300]  and body weight comes crashing down on that pitch forefoot,
+[1286.300 --> 1289.940]  the rear foot, planar flexes, adduction, and evers
+[1289.940 --> 1292.820]  as the forefoot gets pushed up into dorsiflexion,
+[1292.820 --> 1295.340]  adduction, and inversion.
+[1295.340 --> 1297.380]  So the forefoot and the rear foot move
+[1297.380 --> 1300.620]  in opposite directions in weight-bearing activity.
+[1301.540 --> 1304.060]  And that's where muscle function comes in.
+[1304.060 --> 1305.740]  When the forefoot and the rear foot move
+[1305.740 --> 1308.020]  in opposite directions, those muscles
+[1308.020 --> 1309.980]  that e-centrically control pronation
+[1309.980 --> 1312.140]  are being placed on a stretch.
+[1312.140 --> 1314.300]  When I turn my foot in in the open chain
+[1314.300 --> 1316.820]  and I turn my rear foot and forefoot together,
+[1316.820 --> 1320.060]  the muscles through the arch are not being placed on a stretch.
+[1320.060 --> 1321.300]  They're moving independent.
+[1321.300 --> 1323.340]  They're moving together, the forefoot and the rear foot.
+[1323.340 --> 1326.620]  So there's nothing that's going to create any type of stretch
+[1326.620 --> 1329.940]  on those muscles in the open chain.
+[1329.940 --> 1332.660]  But in the closed chain, when the foot's on the ground,
+[1332.660 --> 1335.100]  the forefoot gets pushed up and up and out
+[1335.100 --> 1338.620]  while the rear foot comes crashing down and in with the leg.
+[1338.620 --> 1341.060]  And that creates a stretch on all the muscles of the arch
+[1341.060 --> 1343.020]  and those muscles that come and support the arch
+[1343.020 --> 1344.660]  for an all the way up on the leg.
+[1344.660 --> 1346.020]  And they're in the same way.
+[1346.020 --> 1348.740]  They're e-centrically controlling internal rotation
+[1348.740 --> 1352.620]  of the tibia, dorsiflexion, et the talo cruel joint.
+[1352.620 --> 1354.340]  They're e-centrically controlling motion
+[1354.340 --> 1357.020]  at the leg while they're e-centrically controlling motion
+[1357.020 --> 1358.460]  through the arch.
+[1358.460 --> 1361.340]  And so the muscles are placed on a stretch
+[1361.340 --> 1363.980]  so they can store elastic energy.
+[1363.980 --> 1366.260]  And then again, where I said, the swing leg
+[1366.260 --> 1369.220]  comes through, drives an external rotation force.
+[1369.220 --> 1373.060]  And all of a sudden that enthralled energy is released.
+[1373.060 --> 1375.980]  So the forefoot and the rear foot move in opposite directions
+[1375.980 --> 1377.780]  when the foot's on the ground, which
+[1377.780 --> 1380.580]  is completely different than when the foot's off the ground.
+[1380.580 --> 1383.500]  And that's what allows us to allow
+[1383.500 --> 1387.740]  allows muscles to be so dominant in our function.
+[1387.740 --> 1391.540]  And so again, you have all these muscles that run up the leg.
+[1391.540 --> 1394.540]  We have 50 muscles from the knee down.
+[1394.540 --> 1396.060]  And that's pretty significant.
+[1396.060 --> 1399.580]  And when in muscle activation techniques,
+[1399.580 --> 1403.940]  we have the ability to test and treat 276 muscles
+[1403.940 --> 1405.900]  on each side of the body.
+[1405.900 --> 1409.020]  50 of those muscles are below the knee.
+[1409.020 --> 1410.340]  So that's pretty impactful.
+[1410.340 --> 1412.660]  So we can't minimize the fact that these muscles
+[1412.660 --> 1414.660]  are, I mean, have a significant impact
+[1414.660 --> 1417.740]  on overall total body function.
+[1417.740 --> 1420.420]  And so we think about movement.
+[1420.420 --> 1423.420]  And we go back to the joints.
+[1423.420 --> 1427.340]  Each joint has to be able to move independent,
+[1427.340 --> 1431.220]  independent of its own axis and the motion.
+[1431.220 --> 1433.900]  I was a structured dictates function.
+[1433.900 --> 1436.820]  But it's the function of the muscles that dictate whether or not
+[1436.820 --> 1439.540]  the structure can move the way it's designed to move.
+[1439.540 --> 1442.140]  So when we think of the shoulder, if we don't transfer
+[1442.140 --> 1445.020]  from the superior angle of the scapula to the AC joint,
+[1445.020 --> 1447.260]  then you lose the winging of the scapula
+[1447.260 --> 1449.940]  and the upward rotation that is required for you
+[1449.940 --> 1452.900]  to get normal, leaner, leaner, leaner joint motion.
+[1452.900 --> 1454.620]  Well, the foot is the same way.
+[1454.620 --> 1458.820]  If the telekru joint can't move if you lose ankle door
+[1458.820 --> 1462.300]  sublection, then you're losing one key component
+[1462.300 --> 1464.260]  of rear foot motion.
+[1464.260 --> 1466.580]  But you also have to make sure that you have motion
+[1466.580 --> 1468.820]  at each one of its independent parts, which
+[1468.820 --> 1472.300]  is the telekrual joint, the subtaller joint.
+[1472.300 --> 1474.260]  You have to know, I mean, basically at each joint,
+[1474.260 --> 1477.900]  can the telekrual joint provide motion in door selection
+[1477.900 --> 1481.500]  and can provide the proper motion in planar flexion?
+[1481.500 --> 1485.460]  And then subtaller joint is can the subtaller joint
+[1485.460 --> 1487.500]  provide motion in pronation?
+[1487.500 --> 1491.740]  So basically that planar flexion, adduction, and eversion,
+[1491.740 --> 1494.100]  can the subtaller joint move around the axis
+[1494.100 --> 1496.500]  to provide significant amounts of motion
+[1496.500 --> 1498.140]  to be able to pronate?
+[1498.140 --> 1499.780]  And then on the opposite side of it,
+[1499.780 --> 1502.980]  can it provide the adequate amount of motion
+[1502.980 --> 1504.860]  to effectively supinate?
+[1504.860 --> 1506.220]  So if it's having the supination
+[1506.220 --> 1508.980]  is the door sublection, adduction, and eversion.
+[1508.980 --> 1511.940]  And so of movement around the axis,
+[1511.940 --> 1515.660]  we can perform range of motion assessments that tell us.
+[1515.660 --> 1518.300]  OK, yeah, we know how to test for door sublection.
+[1518.300 --> 1520.340]  We know how to test for planar flexion.
+[1520.340 --> 1523.300]  But are we looking at each of the independent parts?
+[1523.300 --> 1526.100]  Because there's muscles that create door sublection
+[1526.100 --> 1527.540]  at the telekrual joint.
+[1527.540 --> 1529.620]  And there's muscles that create planar flexion
+[1529.620 --> 1531.300]  at the telekrual joint.
+[1531.300 --> 1534.380]  But there's also muscles that create subtaller pronation.
+[1534.380 --> 1538.060]  And there's muscles that create subtaller joint supination.
+[1538.060 --> 1540.660]  And then as we move to the mid-tarsle joint,
+[1540.660 --> 1542.540]  at the mid-tarsle joint, like I said,
+[1542.540 --> 1544.020]  through the longitudinal axis, you'll
+[1544.020 --> 1545.620]  have inversion in eversion.
+[1545.620 --> 1547.860]  So there's certain muscles that cross that axis
+[1547.860 --> 1552.460]  that invert the forefoot about the longitudinal axis.
+[1552.460 --> 1554.460]  And there's other muscles that cross the axis that
+[1554.460 --> 1557.700]  have a function to create eversion about that longitudinal
+[1557.700 --> 1558.740]  axis.
+[1558.740 --> 1561.180]  And then about the mid-tarsle oblique axis.
+[1561.180 --> 1563.820]  You have certain muscles that are designed to door subflex,
+[1563.820 --> 1567.460]  abducting an evert the forefoot on the rear foot.
+[1567.460 --> 1569.620]  And you also have muscles whose function based
+[1569.620 --> 1571.940]  on their attachment and how they cross the axis,
+[1571.940 --> 1573.340]  whose function is the planar flexed
+[1573.340 --> 1576.060]  adducting an invert that a mid-tarsle joint,
+[1576.060 --> 1579.300]  or about the oblique axis of the mid-tarsle joint.
+[1579.300 --> 1582.460]  So muscles move bones and muscles hold
+[1582.460 --> 1584.620]  bones and proper alignments.
+[1584.620 --> 1587.820]  And with the principles of MAT, we look
+[1587.820 --> 1591.620]  at whenever you have stress, trauma, or overuse,
+[1591.620 --> 1595.260]  the resultant inflammation alters the communication
+[1595.260 --> 1597.940]  between the nervous system and the muscle system.
+[1597.940 --> 1600.620]  So the muscles just don't fire the way they're designed
+[1600.620 --> 1601.700]  to fire.
+[1601.700 --> 1604.460]  And I always say it's like having loose battery cables.
+[1604.460 --> 1606.980]  As I'd lose battery cables when the muscles can't fire
+[1606.980 --> 1609.940]  and fire on demand, there's a dimmer switch on it.
+[1609.940 --> 1612.220]  They just can't contract as efficiently
+[1612.220 --> 1614.460]  as they're designed to contract.
+[1614.460 --> 1616.620]  And the function's about timing.
+[1616.620 --> 1618.860]  The muscles have to be able to contract and contract
+[1618.860 --> 1620.020]  on demand.
+[1620.020 --> 1621.660]  And I talked about the transformation
+[1621.660 --> 1623.540]  from pronation to supination.
+[1623.540 --> 1625.300]  That's all about timing.
+[1625.300 --> 1630.500]  Then the gate cycle from heel strike to same side, heel strike
+[1630.500 --> 1633.460]  that occurs in less than a second.
+[1633.460 --> 1636.460]  So functions about timing, that the point that I actually
+[1636.460 --> 1640.700]  have to pronate, as I land on my left foot,
+[1640.700 --> 1644.180]  I have to pronate, which places a stretch on all the muscles
+[1644.180 --> 1646.340]  that e-centrically control pronation.
+[1646.340 --> 1649.180]  And then as the swing leg comes through, I resupinate.
+[1649.180 --> 1651.940]  And then the other leg hits the ground.
+[1651.940 --> 1655.100]  And then I hit the ground with the left foot again
+[1655.100 --> 1657.660]  to pronate an e-centrically control pronation
+[1657.660 --> 1658.780]  to effectively supinate.
+[1658.780 --> 1662.260]  All of that happens in less than a second.
+[1662.260 --> 1664.460]  So functions about timing.
+[1664.460 --> 1668.900]  Imagine if your muscles are sluggish.
+[1668.900 --> 1671.260]  And they're not contracting as efficiently.
+[1671.260 --> 1672.540]  The foot hits the ground.
+[1672.540 --> 1677.020]  These muscles that are supposed to e-centrically control
+[1677.020 --> 1679.700]  pronation can't do their job effectively.
+[1679.700 --> 1682.980]  Body weight, you've got ground reaction forces and body weight
+[1682.980 --> 1684.940]  transferring through all these muscles of the lower leg
+[1684.940 --> 1685.780]  and foot.
+[1685.780 --> 1687.420]  And basically now all of a sudden, you're
+[1687.420 --> 1689.740]  in a position where you're fully pronated.
+[1689.740 --> 1692.420]  And the swing leg comes through and basically is,
+[1692.420 --> 1694.980]  well, I can't release that stored energy.
+[1694.980 --> 1697.180]  That's an excessive pronator.
+[1697.180 --> 1701.580]  An excessive pronator is somebody whose muscle system is weak.
+[1701.580 --> 1704.700]  The ligaments and the passive structures of the foot,
+[1704.700 --> 1708.700]  your planar fasci discs, the ligaments
+[1708.700 --> 1712.180]  and the passive structures of the foot, take the stress
+[1712.180 --> 1715.820]  when you can't effectively control pronation
+[1715.820 --> 1721.340]  to move into supination and to concentrally supinate.
+[1721.340 --> 1724.780]  So the biggest key to foot function,
+[1724.780 --> 1727.260]  it's not that pronation is bad.
+[1727.260 --> 1728.820]  Pronation is a good thing.
+[1728.820 --> 1731.460]  It's half the gate cycle.
+[1731.460 --> 1735.180]  Pronation is what allows you to store elastic energy
+[1735.180 --> 1736.900]  so you can repoil it.
+[1736.900 --> 1738.980]  So if you think of the gate cycle,
+[1738.980 --> 1742.340]  and you think of pronation and supination,
+[1742.340 --> 1746.060]  the gate cycle is basically like many plyometrics.
+[1746.060 --> 1750.060]  It's basically you land, you place a stretch on the muscles,
+[1750.060 --> 1751.420]  and then you repoil.
+[1751.420 --> 1754.340]  And the plyometrics have the most effective results.
+[1754.340 --> 1759.060]  The faster you go from the drop to the propulsion,
+[1759.060 --> 1762.460]  is the more power you're going to create.
+[1762.460 --> 1765.340]  And so gate is many plyometrics
+[1765.340 --> 1768.100]  because we eccentrically control pronation
+[1768.100 --> 1770.060]  to concentrally supinate.
+[1770.060 --> 1771.980]  And if we're still pronating it a time
+[1771.980 --> 1773.300]  when we should be supinating,
+[1773.300 --> 1775.220]  as that swing leg comes through,
+[1775.220 --> 1777.780]  everything comes crashing down on the foot
+[1777.780 --> 1779.460]  and the muscles that support the arch
+[1779.460 --> 1781.580]  and the ligaments that support that arch
+[1781.580 --> 1784.700]  and all of a sudden those passive structures get irritated
+[1784.700 --> 1788.180]  because the foot should be a mobile adapter
+[1788.180 --> 1791.660]  or pronating at the time to absorb shock.
+[1791.660 --> 1793.300]  But when the swing leg comes through
+[1793.300 --> 1795.460]  and it's time to propel yourself forward,
+[1795.460 --> 1797.260]  it needs to be a rigid lever.
+[1797.260 --> 1799.780]  And the only way it can be the rigid lever
+[1799.780 --> 1802.580]  if the muscles put it back in the right position
+[1802.580 --> 1804.500]  at the right time.
+[1804.500 --> 1809.300]  So you think about 28 bones and 55 articulations.
+[1809.300 --> 1810.060]  And you just think,
+[1810.060 --> 1812.020]  I mean, we're breaking it down into rear foot,
+[1812.020 --> 1814.500]  forefoot relationship in the main joints.
+[1814.500 --> 1817.980]  And one of the joints I haven't even talked about yet
+[1817.980 --> 1819.740]  was the first ray.
+[1819.740 --> 1820.580]  And the first ray,
+[1820.580 --> 1823.180]  so you go through all this motion of rear foot and forefoot.
+[1823.180 --> 1828.420]  And as the forefoot is a supinate the foot,
+[1828.420 --> 1831.300]  this you got a motion about this first ray axis
+[1831.300 --> 1833.180]  that causes planar flexion to e-version
+[1833.180 --> 1834.220]  of that first ray,
+[1834.220 --> 1836.900]  which gives you medial stability on the foot.
+[1836.900 --> 1838.700]  So like the pronious longest wraps around
+[1839.020 --> 1841.020]  it, I mean, it's a main function,
+[1841.020 --> 1843.540]  it has a main function about that first ray axis
+[1843.540 --> 1846.380]  to create medial stability on the foot.
+[1846.380 --> 1851.380]  So you can propel your foot over the MTP joint.
+[1851.620 --> 1855.460]  And so all of that has to happen at the right time.
+[1855.460 --> 1860.460]  Just a weak or inhibited pronious longest
+[1860.460 --> 1863.100]  would create an inability for that first ray
+[1863.100 --> 1865.060]  to maintain planar flexion of the ground
+[1865.060 --> 1867.500]  through the propulsive phase of gate.
+[1867.500 --> 1870.300]  So that's an example of one muscle being weak
+[1870.300 --> 1873.740]  and how it can negatively affect foot mechanics.
+[1873.740 --> 1875.460]  And if you're pronating it a time
+[1875.460 --> 1877.100]  you should be supinating,
+[1877.100 --> 1879.500]  negative things will happen.
+[1879.500 --> 1882.740]  And so function is about timing.
+[1882.740 --> 1885.300]  And so if we go back to the idea of orthotics
+[1885.300 --> 1888.300]  and we have 28 bones and 55 articulations
+[1888.300 --> 1889.860]  and the rear foot and the forefoot
+[1889.860 --> 1893.140]  are moving in opposite direction as you planar flexion.
+[1893.140 --> 1896.140]  I mean, it's a rear foot comes crashing down and in.
+[1896.140 --> 1898.140]  The forefoot gets pushed up and out.
+[1898.140 --> 1900.700]  Then the swing leg comes through to drive the rear foot up
+[1900.700 --> 1903.500]  and out and the forefoot back down and in.
+[1903.500 --> 1907.300]  Those are all dictated by muscle control.
+[1907.300 --> 1910.380]  And you think of an orthotic that they put in the arch
+[1910.380 --> 1914.020]  that orthotic may block the motion.
+[1914.020 --> 1917.620]  When I think about the woman that we put her in the orthotics
+[1917.620 --> 1919.580]  and it took away her hip pain,
+[1919.580 --> 1921.620]  but it created neck pain,
+[1921.620 --> 1924.580]  all it did was redirect the stress.
+[1924.580 --> 1928.100]  All it did was transfer a took stress off of her hip,
+[1928.100 --> 1931.020]  but forces have to transfer through the body.
+[1931.020 --> 1935.420]  And the interesting thing is now that I understand muscle function
+[1935.420 --> 1938.340]  and doing it through the principles of MAT
+[1938.340 --> 1942.060]  is whenever you see muscle inhibition or muscle weakness,
+[1942.940 --> 1946.820]  opposite muscles tighten up as a protective mechanism.
+[1946.820 --> 1949.540]  So I said stress, trauma and overuse
+[1949.540 --> 1951.780]  and the resultant inflammation
+[1951.780 --> 1954.420]  alters the communication between the nervous system
+[1954.420 --> 1955.620]  and the muscle system.
+[1955.620 --> 1957.660]  So the muscles just can't contract
+[1957.660 --> 1960.580]  as efficiently as they're designed to contract.
+[1960.580 --> 1962.980]  When muscles can't contract efficiently,
+[1962.980 --> 1965.060]  they can't shorten effectively.
+[1965.060 --> 1968.620]  So they can't contract through their full range of motion.
+[1968.620 --> 1971.220]  So if I said, okay, I'm going to just,
+[1971.220 --> 1972.860]  I mean, contract my bicep.
+[1973.860 --> 1978.300]  If I had an inhibition in the muscles of elbow flexion,
+[1978.300 --> 1981.340]  my elbow flexors would not be able to fully contract
+[1982.300 --> 1983.940]  and it would show up as tightness
+[1983.940 --> 1985.980]  in the antagonist muscles.
+[1985.980 --> 1988.460]  So tight hamstrings could be weakness
+[1988.460 --> 1991.140]  in the hip lectures and abdominal muscles.
+[1991.140 --> 1993.260]  And so tight external rotators,
+[1993.260 --> 1995.900]  or internal rotators, if I'm rotating my shoulder,
+[1995.900 --> 1997.820]  would be weakness in the muscles
+[1997.820 --> 2000.500]  that externally rotate the humerus.
+[2000.500 --> 2003.660]  And so when muscles can't contract efficiently,
+[2003.660 --> 2005.660]  they can't shorten effectively.
+[2005.660 --> 2008.740]  And the opposite muscles will show up as being tight.
+[2009.740 --> 2013.780]  So tightness is a sign of instability.
+[2013.780 --> 2017.740]  So in our assessment process with muscle activation technique,
+[2017.740 --> 2020.500]  we perform range of motion assessments,
+[2020.500 --> 2023.060]  not to determine what muscles are tight,
+[2023.060 --> 2025.220]  but what muscles are weak.
+[2025.220 --> 2027.380]  And so if I have a client that I see
+[2027.380 --> 2030.500]  that they have a limitation in ankle dorsiflexion,
+[2030.500 --> 2032.060]  we would conventionally say,
+[2032.060 --> 2034.860]  well, they have tight calf muscles.
+[2034.860 --> 2035.780]  And this perspective,
+[2035.780 --> 2037.500]  this means that the opposite muscles
+[2037.500 --> 2038.780]  can't contract efficiently.
+[2038.780 --> 2042.460]  So the anterior tibial muscles can't fully shorten.
+[2042.460 --> 2044.580]  So they can't contract effectively,
+[2044.580 --> 2047.180]  which shows up as being tight calves.
+[2048.180 --> 2050.820]  And until you fix the problem,
+[2050.820 --> 2053.740]  until you go and address the problem,
+[2053.740 --> 2055.980]  people can stretch day after day after day
+[2055.980 --> 2058.540]  and stretch their calves forever.
+[2058.540 --> 2061.020]  And then, but the tightness never goes away.
+[2061.020 --> 2064.260]  You never see any long-term changes in flexibility
+[2064.260 --> 2065.980]  because the antagonist muscles,
+[2065.980 --> 2069.180]  the anterior tibial muscles are weak and inhibited.
+[2069.180 --> 2071.140]  Until you activate those muscles
+[2071.140 --> 2073.980]  and teach those muscles to fully contract,
+[2073.980 --> 2078.180]  that calf muscles are going to be tight.
+[2078.180 --> 2080.940]  So an MAT, our most important tool
+[2080.940 --> 2083.500]  that we have as an MAT practitioner
+[2083.500 --> 2086.180]  is a range of motion assessment,
+[2086.180 --> 2088.100]  not to tell us what's strong,
+[2088.100 --> 2090.500]  or I mean, sorry, not to tell us what's tight,
+[2090.500 --> 2092.380]  but to tell us what's weak.
+[2092.380 --> 2095.660]  So wherever we see a limitation and range of motion,
+[2095.660 --> 2097.860]  is telling us that one or more of the muscles
+[2097.860 --> 2101.540]  that cross that axis are potentially weak.
+[2101.540 --> 2103.700]  And then with MAT, we have the muscles,
+[2103.700 --> 2106.660]  or the ability to do manual muscle testing
+[2106.660 --> 2108.460]  to determine which one of the muscles
+[2108.460 --> 2111.300]  that cross that axis are that potentially weak.
+[2111.300 --> 2113.740]  So if we take that example of a limitation
+[2113.740 --> 2116.300]  in ankle dorsiflection, we have to think,
+[2116.300 --> 2118.740]  if I have a limitation in ankle dorsiflection,
+[2118.740 --> 2120.580]  we can say that's a tight calf,
+[2120.580 --> 2122.220]  or we can say, one of the muscles
+[2122.220 --> 2124.020]  that actually cross that axis,
+[2124.020 --> 2126.940]  that are anterior to the telekural joint axis.
+[2127.860 --> 2129.740]  And those muscles are the anterior tip,
+[2129.740 --> 2131.340]  which is actually two different divisions
+[2131.340 --> 2132.700]  that we can test for.
+[2132.700 --> 2134.940]  And then we have the extensor digitorum,
+[2134.940 --> 2136.180]  which two different divisions,
+[2136.180 --> 2137.860]  a lateral and medial division,
+[2137.860 --> 2140.700]  the extensor hallucis, the peronius tertis,
+[2140.700 --> 2142.220]  also two different division.
+[2142.220 --> 2143.500]  We have all of these muscles
+[2143.500 --> 2147.340]  that are anterior to the telekural joint axis,
+[2147.340 --> 2150.220]  that if we see a limitation and range of motion,
+[2150.220 --> 2151.740]  it means that one of those muscles,
+[2151.740 --> 2154.620]  one or more of those muscles are potentially weak.
+[2154.620 --> 2158.220]  And with MAT, we have the tools to assess that.
+[2158.220 --> 2160.780]  And so in that, if we see a limitation
+[2160.780 --> 2163.300]  in ankle dorsiflection, our goal is to find out
+[2163.300 --> 2166.500]  which dorsiflectures are not functioning efficiently,
+[2166.500 --> 2170.300]  which dorsiflectures can't contract and contract on demand.
+[2170.300 --> 2174.300]  And then it's creating the understanding
+[2174.300 --> 2177.380]  of what does a tight calf mean?
+[2177.380 --> 2180.420]  What does a limitation in ankle dorsiflection mean?
+[2180.420 --> 2183.260]  If I have a limitation in ankle dorsiflection,
+[2185.100 --> 2188.100]  I'm testing, this is a client, a young athlete,
+[2188.100 --> 2190.060]  that assess range of motion
+[2190.060 --> 2192.460]  and a limitation in ankle dorsiflection.
+[2192.460 --> 2193.980]  And when you check dorsiflection,
+[2193.980 --> 2196.340]  you have to lock the forefoot to the rear foot,
+[2196.340 --> 2197.940]  because otherwise you'll get motion
+[2197.940 --> 2199.340]  through the mid-torsal joint,
+[2199.340 --> 2200.660]  which may give you an appearance
+[2200.660 --> 2202.180]  that you have more dorsiflection,
+[2202.180 --> 2204.820]  which is how the body is actually going to compensate
+[2204.820 --> 2207.360]  for a limitation in ankle dorsiflection.
+[2207.360 --> 2209.060]  So in that situation,
+[2212.560 --> 2215.760]  this person has a limitation in ankle dorsiflection.
+[2215.760 --> 2218.520]  So if she didn't, I would say she's at least 10 degrees
+[2218.520 --> 2221.160]  planar flex when I checked her true range of motion
+[2221.160 --> 2224.800]  in ankle dorsiflection, 10 degrees planar flex,
+[2224.800 --> 2227.360]  which means that if she stands up,
+[2227.360 --> 2230.720]  without if she doesn't compensate when she stands up,
+[2230.720 --> 2234.440]  her heel would be about a quarter of an inch off the ground.
+[2234.440 --> 2236.280]  So she's going to have to compensate
+[2236.280 --> 2240.600]  through pronating it the foot just to stand up.
+[2240.600 --> 2243.880]  So this is the woman after she stood up.
+[2243.880 --> 2245.920]  I mean, I always say posture is a position
+[2245.920 --> 2247.520]  where all movement starts from.
+[2247.520 --> 2249.280]  And if you start from a bad position,
+[2249.280 --> 2251.360]  you can never get in a good position.
+[2251.360 --> 2252.440]  So in this position,
+[2252.440 --> 2254.960]  with a limitation in an ankle dorsiflection,
+[2256.160 --> 2258.000]  this is her trying to squat.
+[2260.840 --> 2263.240]  The knee crashes down and in.
+[2263.240 --> 2266.260]  When you have a limitation in ankle dorsiflection,
+[2266.260 --> 2268.620]  you can't really do it to truly check ankle dorsiflection.
+[2268.620 --> 2271.060]  The forefoot and the rear foot need to be locked together
+[2271.060 --> 2274.340]  because that's given me true talor cruel joint motion.
+[2274.340 --> 2276.260]  If I don't lock the forefoot and the rear foot
+[2276.260 --> 2277.980]  and I push up through the forefoot,
+[2277.980 --> 2280.740]  see how there's motion occurring in the forefoot?
+[2280.740 --> 2283.300]  Because the oblique axis of the mid-tarsle joint
+[2283.300 --> 2286.500]  I mean, provides sagittal plane motion.
+[2286.500 --> 2288.700]  But for every based on the position of the axis,
+[2288.700 --> 2291.100]  for every degree of sagittal plane motion,
+[2291.100 --> 2292.860]  you get transverse plane motion.
+[2292.860 --> 2294.940]  So you add dorsiflection and abduction
+[2294.940 --> 2296.740]  or plan a flexion and abduction
+[2296.740 --> 2299.700]  through the oblique axis of the mid-tarsle joint.
+[2299.700 --> 2300.940]  And so if you think about that,
+[2300.940 --> 2304.900]  if I can't get dorsiflection at the talor cruel joint,
+[2304.900 --> 2307.460]  then the next joint that provides that dorsiflection
+[2307.460 --> 2310.580]  is through the oblique axis of the mid-tarsle joint.
+[2310.580 --> 2313.660]  But for every degree of dorsiflection
+[2313.660 --> 2316.580]  based on the position of the axis, being oblique,
+[2316.580 --> 2319.500]  I get a degree of transverse plane motion.
+[2319.500 --> 2323.500]  So basically dorsiflection and abduction come hand in hand.
+[2323.500 --> 2326.740]  So if I have a limitation in the talor cruel joint axis,
+[2326.740 --> 2329.500]  which is dominant in sagittal plane motion,
+[2329.500 --> 2331.980]  I'm going to go to the next joint to pick up that motion.
+[2331.980 --> 2334.620]  So I said she'd have to pronate the stand up.
+[2334.620 --> 2336.700]  That means it's going to push her foot up and out
+[2336.700 --> 2338.300]  through dorsiflection and abduction
+[2338.300 --> 2341.580]  to make up for the limitation and dorsiflection.
+[2341.580 --> 2344.460]  So for her to get her heel on the ground,
+[2344.460 --> 2347.060]  she had to, her forefoot had to adapt her.
+[2347.060 --> 2349.180]  She had to compensate through the oblique axis
+[2349.180 --> 2350.700]  of the mid-tarsle joint.
+[2350.700 --> 2353.140]  So if her foot gets pushed up and out,
+[2353.140 --> 2356.140]  relatively, her leg comes down and in.
+[2356.140 --> 2364.340]  So you watch her squat and see, look at how unstable that is,
+[2364.340 --> 2367.500]  first off, because she's not starting from a neutral position.
+[2367.500 --> 2369.180]  And you start from a bad position.
+[2369.180 --> 2371.420]  You can never get into a good position.
+[2371.420 --> 2373.780]  Her knee's diving down and in.
+[2373.780 --> 2376.460]  That's a position, her tibia is already internally rotated.
+[2376.460 --> 2380.620]  She dorsiflection abducted through the forefoot.
+[2380.620 --> 2382.420]  The rear foot and the leg go together
+[2382.420 --> 2385.100]  as the forefoot goes in the opposite direction.
+[2385.100 --> 2386.940]  So this is a woman with a limitation
+[2386.940 --> 2389.180]  in ankle dorsiflection.
+[2389.180 --> 2393.020]  Now we tested and treated all of the muscles that showed up
+[2393.020 --> 2395.460]  week, her anterior tibial muscles.
+[2395.460 --> 2397.660]  After we got those muscles activated,
+[2397.660 --> 2399.500]  when muscles can contract efficiently,
+[2399.500 --> 2401.420]  they can shorten more effectively.
+[2401.420 --> 2404.780]  And through reciprocal inhibition, muscle tightness
+[2404.780 --> 2406.260]  will go away.
+[2406.260 --> 2411.340]  So when you activate the anterior tibial muscles,
+[2411.340 --> 2414.540]  then basically a summary of reciprocal inhibition
+[2414.540 --> 2418.820]  is when a muscle contract, it sends an inhibitory response
+[2418.820 --> 2420.460]  to the antagonist muscle.
+[2420.460 --> 2422.820]  So when I use the bicep as an example,
+[2422.820 --> 2424.980]  when I'm contracting my bicep and trying
+[2424.980 --> 2427.300]  to give full range of motion and elbow flexion,
+[2427.300 --> 2431.580]  my tricep has to relax enough to allow that motion to occur.
+[2431.580 --> 2433.980]  So when a muscle contracts through reciprocal inhibition,
+[2433.980 --> 2438.020]  it sends an inhibitory response to the antagonist muscle.
+[2438.020 --> 2441.020]  When a muscle loses its ability to interact
+[2441.020 --> 2443.540]  through due distress trauma or overuse
+[2443.540 --> 2446.740]  and the resultant inflammation, then you lose reciprocal
+[2446.740 --> 2447.860]  inhibition.
+[2447.860 --> 2450.220]  So now you lose the inhibitory response
+[2450.220 --> 2453.300]  to the antagonist muscle and the antagonist muscle
+[2453.300 --> 2455.220]  show up as being tight.
+[2455.220 --> 2457.860]  So the muscle tightness, the cap tightness,
+[2457.860 --> 2461.340]  was a result of anterior tibial weakness.
+[2461.340 --> 2462.940]  So we tested and treated the muscles
+[2462.940 --> 2465.100]  on the anterior side of the ashes,
+[2465.100 --> 2467.580]  increased the stimulated those muscles,
+[2467.580 --> 2469.900]  improved the activation, and are activated
+[2469.900 --> 2472.580]  those muscles where I say we tighten battery cables.
+[2472.580 --> 2475.500]  Now all of a sudden the anterior muscles can fully shorten
+[2475.500 --> 2477.100]  and through reciprocal inhibition,
+[2477.100 --> 2479.780]  the antagonist muscles relax.
+[2479.780 --> 2482.900]  So the only way you're going to have long-term changes
+[2482.900 --> 2485.620]  in flexibility is by improving the ability
+[2485.620 --> 2487.980]  for the muscles that are weak and inhibited
+[2487.980 --> 2489.780]  to contract effectively.
+[2489.780 --> 2491.860]  When they can contract effectively,
+[2491.860 --> 2493.940]  I always say it's like melting the ice.
+[2493.940 --> 2496.500]  If you give you this body a sense of stability,
+[2496.500 --> 2499.980]  the body will give you all the mobility in the world.
+[2499.980 --> 2503.940]  So after we activated her anterior tibial muscles,
+[2503.940 --> 2508.060]  this is her range of motion and door suppression.
+[2508.060 --> 2509.420]  So now she's back to neutral.
+[2509.420 --> 2512.740]  She's no longer 10 to 20 degrees planar flex.
+[2512.740 --> 2516.700]  So now she doesn't have to compensate to stand up.
+[2516.700 --> 2519.140]  So in the next video, this is her afterwards.
+[2519.140 --> 2524.140]  So you saw her leg starting from an internally rotated position,
+[2527.260 --> 2529.580]  diving down and in when she squatting.
+[2529.580 --> 2533.220]  I didn't give her any cues because postures of position
+[2533.220 --> 2535.060]  where all movement starts from and if you start
+[2535.060 --> 2538.100]  from a bad position, you will never get in a good position.
+[2538.100 --> 2539.780]  And typically that's what we think is,
+[2539.780 --> 2542.700]  oh, well, if somebody's knees diving in when they squat,
+[2542.700 --> 2546.300]  we need to give them cues to consciously teach them
+[2546.300 --> 2548.340]  how to not let their knee dive in.
+[2548.340 --> 2549.940]  But the structure dictates function.
+[2549.940 --> 2551.380]  When that structure's on the ground
+[2551.380 --> 2554.140]  and it's not improper, it doesn't have a proper relationship
+[2554.140 --> 2556.220]  with the ground because she's starting
+[2556.220 --> 2558.060]  from a pronated position.
+[2558.060 --> 2561.540]  You can give all the conscious thought you can or you want,
+[2561.540 --> 2564.780]  but their body, that knee still trying to dive in.
+[2564.780 --> 2567.060]  And the minute you take away the conscious mind
+[2567.060 --> 2569.260]  that she leaves and walks downstairs
+[2569.260 --> 2572.300]  because she has to pronate just when they're excessively
+[2572.300 --> 2574.020]  pronated when the put hits the ground,
+[2574.020 --> 2575.740]  she's her knee's just going to dive in
+[2575.740 --> 2578.100]  and you'll have a more of a pronation issue.
+[2578.100 --> 2581.340]  So the gate is an unconscious movement.
+[2581.340 --> 2584.140]  When I said, from heel strike, the same side heel strike
+[2584.140 --> 2586.340]  occurs in less than a second.
+[2586.340 --> 2588.540]  You can't be thinking about holding the knee
+[2588.540 --> 2590.620]  or preventing the knee from diving in.
+[2590.620 --> 2593.460]  Provide the environment and the body will,
+[2593.460 --> 2596.500]  I mean, create the ability to do it properly.
+[2596.500 --> 2600.180]  By activating her anterior tibial muscles,
+[2600.180 --> 2603.420]  we're able to change the way she moves.
+[2603.420 --> 2607.100]  So with muscle activation techniques, the idea is,
+[2607.100 --> 2610.500]  we want to make sure, I say this through the body,
+[2610.500 --> 2613.220]  movement by movement, muscle by muscle.
+[2613.220 --> 2616.940]  We want to make sure that every muscle can contract effectively.
+[2616.940 --> 2620.060]  And how will you know if all the muscles in the body
+[2620.060 --> 2622.260]  can contract effectively?
+[2622.260 --> 2626.980]  It's based on whether or not you have a limitation
+[2626.980 --> 2628.540]  and range of motion.
+[2628.540 --> 2632.820]  Limitations and range of motion are an indicator
+[2632.820 --> 2634.620]  of muscle weakness.
+[2634.620 --> 2636.540]  When muscles can contract efficiently,
+[2636.540 --> 2638.940]  they can move the structure through the range
+[2638.940 --> 2640.940]  that the structure dictates.
+[2640.940 --> 2644.620]  So I always say structure dictates function.
+[2644.620 --> 2647.100]  Fill them.
+[2647.100 --> 2649.500]  So structure dictates function.
+[2649.500 --> 2653.020]  But it's the function of the muscles that dictate whether or not
+[2653.020 --> 2656.620]  the structure can move the way it's designed to move.
+[2656.620 --> 2659.380]  So the structure of the foot dictates
+[2659.380 --> 2662.140]  that you should have a certain amount of talo-kruel joint
+[2662.140 --> 2666.380]  motion, a significant amount of talo-kruel joint motion.
+[2666.380 --> 2669.500]  The structure of the subtalor joint dictates
+[2669.500 --> 2671.860]  that you should have a significant amount of motion
+[2671.860 --> 2676.780]  in pronation to keep it simple and or supination.
+[2676.780 --> 2679.380]  So planar-flection abduction in e-version
+[2679.380 --> 2682.420]  or dorsiflection abduction in inverse.
+[2682.420 --> 2684.860]  You should have a significant amount or equal amounts
+[2684.860 --> 2686.580]  in each direction.
+[2686.580 --> 2688.660]  The structure of the mid-tarsal joint
+[2688.660 --> 2690.740]  dictates through the longitudinal axis
+[2690.740 --> 2693.260]  that you should have a certain amount of inversion
+[2693.260 --> 2695.940]  in e-version about that axis.
+[2695.940 --> 2698.140]  And through the oblique axis, you should have
+[2698.140 --> 2700.620]  a certain amount of dorsiflection and abduction
+[2700.620 --> 2704.620]  and a certain amount of planar-flection at abduction.
+[2704.620 --> 2708.620]  And so the structure dictates that those motions should occur.
+[2708.620 --> 2710.780]  The actions of motion dictate that.
+[2710.780 --> 2715.100]  But the function of the muscles dictate whether or not
+[2715.100 --> 2718.620]  you're able to move through those ranges.
+[2718.620 --> 2721.740]  So just like any other joint, if I can't move my arm
+[2721.740 --> 2725.180]  into external rotation, it's because the muscles that move me
+[2725.220 --> 2727.260]  there are not contracting effectively.
+[2727.260 --> 2730.100]  So the antagonist muscles, the internal rotators,
+[2730.100 --> 2731.980]  show up as being tight.
+[2731.980 --> 2735.020]  Well, if we go through a range of motion exam,
+[2735.020 --> 2737.620]  and I find that, oh, then subtaller motion,
+[2737.620 --> 2740.780]  they don't pronate as well as on the left side
+[2740.780 --> 2743.020]  as they do on the right side, that's telling me
+[2743.020 --> 2744.220]  there's a dysfunction.
+[2744.220 --> 2747.860]  That's telling me there's a muscle dysfunction.
+[2747.860 --> 2751.020]  Not a structural problem, a muscular problem.
+[2751.020 --> 2753.820]  And I used to look at foot feet and look at, oh, they have
+[2753.820 --> 2757.140]  a forefoot, a barrister, a rear foot barrister.
+[2757.140 --> 2759.380]  We would see all these, what we're classified
+[2759.380 --> 2762.500]  as being structural malalignments, which would dictate
+[2762.500 --> 2765.060]  why somebody would need orthotics.
+[2765.060 --> 2766.980]  And I actually found that these people,
+[2766.980 --> 2768.940]  these feet are in abnormal positions,
+[2768.940 --> 2772.220]  not due to the structure, but due to the muscle dysfunction,
+[2772.220 --> 2776.140]  and the adaptation that occurs over time.
+[2776.140 --> 2779.180]  Think of the feet and what we do for the feet.
+[2779.180 --> 2781.660]  We've always brought, due to wall-to-wall carpeting
+[2781.660 --> 2784.700]  and shoewear and orthotics.
+[2784.700 --> 2787.220]  I mean, we basically, from the knee down,
+[2787.220 --> 2792.260]  where there's 50 muscles that control lower leg and foot motion,
+[2792.260 --> 2795.540]  we cater to our lower leg and feet.
+[2795.540 --> 2799.260]  We've provided artificial support to the muscles,
+[2799.260 --> 2802.940]  to the muscles that support the lower leg and feet.
+[2802.940 --> 2805.300]  So when we're thinking stability,
+[2805.300 --> 2808.580]  we need to be thinking stability through motion.
+[2808.580 --> 2811.180]  Like, can the muscles contract through their full ranges
+[2811.180 --> 2815.180]  of motion to eccentricly control pronation at each joint,
+[2815.180 --> 2818.140]  so that they can concentrically supinate the motion
+[2818.140 --> 2820.300]  about each axis at each joint?
+[2820.300 --> 2823.700]  And because you have all of these individual axes,
+[2823.700 --> 2825.180]  it'd be very hard to say that I'm
+[2825.180 --> 2827.940]  going to put some platform underneath this foot,
+[2827.940 --> 2832.180]  and it's going to maximize your foot mechanics.
+[2832.180 --> 2835.980]  Because if I put a platform underneath the foot,
+[2835.980 --> 2839.100]  I'm taking away motion.
+[2839.100 --> 2842.260]  I'm controlling motion artificially.
+[2842.260 --> 2844.620]  In the interesting thing that I've seen since I've
+[2844.620 --> 2847.460]  shifted over from putting people in orthotics
+[2847.460 --> 2849.820]  and then understanding muscle function,
+[2849.820 --> 2853.860]  and where you have a limitation and range of motion,
+[2853.860 --> 2856.260]  it means that one or more of the muscles that cross out
+[2856.260 --> 2858.580]  axes are potentially weak.
+[2858.580 --> 2862.300]  Ironically, anyone that I've ever seen in orthotics
+[2862.300 --> 2865.260]  has a limitation in motion, and one or more
+[2865.260 --> 2868.540]  of the axes that I just talked about between the rear foot
+[2868.540 --> 2869.940]  and the forefoot.
+[2869.940 --> 2872.860]  So as I go through my range of motion assessment,
+[2872.860 --> 2875.580]  they may see a limitation in ankle dorsiflexion.
+[2875.580 --> 2879.060]  I may see a limitation in a subtaller joint pronation
+[2879.060 --> 2880.180]  or supination.
+[2880.180 --> 2882.260]  I could see a limitation in motion
+[2882.260 --> 2885.140]  about the mid-tarsal joint, one of those axes,
+[2885.140 --> 2886.940]  or even a limitation in range of motion
+[2886.940 --> 2888.980]  about that first ray axis.
+[2888.980 --> 2891.620]  Any one of those limitations in range of motion
+[2891.620 --> 2894.060]  is an indicator that we have weaknesses in the muscles
+[2894.060 --> 2896.460]  that cross those axes.
+[2896.460 --> 2899.780]  And if we, so think about that is orthotics
+[2899.780 --> 2902.260]  are typically designed to control motion,
+[2902.260 --> 2904.900]  because most people are excessively pronated.
+[2904.900 --> 2906.700]  So we're trying to control motion
+[2906.700 --> 2909.380]  so they no longer excessively pronated.
+[2909.380 --> 2911.660]  And this woman, when she was squatting
+[2911.660 --> 2914.260]  with a limitation in ankle dorsiflexion,
+[2914.260 --> 2917.180]  she had to pronate just to stand up.
+[2917.180 --> 2921.820]  So compensation for her limitation in ankle dorsiflexion
+[2921.820 --> 2924.300]  was to pick up that motion through the oblique axis
+[2924.300 --> 2925.340]  of the mid-tarsal joint.
+[2925.340 --> 2928.540]  So the rear foot pronated as the forefoot,
+[2928.540 --> 2930.420]  basically dorsiflexion abduct
+[2930.420 --> 2932.580]  as the rear foot planar flexion abduct
+[2932.580 --> 2935.780]  about the subtaller and mid-tarsal joint axes.
+[2935.780 --> 2939.700]  So she had to pronate in order to stand up
+[2939.700 --> 2943.260]  because of a limitation in ankle dorsiflexion.
+[2943.260 --> 2947.940]  Imagine if I put an orthotic underneath her foot,
+[2947.940 --> 2950.700]  I would take away her ability to compensate,
+[2950.700 --> 2954.540]  because of her limitation in ankle dorsiflexion.
+[2954.540 --> 2957.420]  As she tries to come forward over the fixed foot,
+[2957.420 --> 2959.820]  she's trying to find that saguar plane motion
+[2959.820 --> 2961.780]  and she can't get it at the talacrural joint,
+[2961.780 --> 2963.700]  so she picks it up through the mid foot.
+[2964.740 --> 2967.820]  But if you put a support underneath that foot,
+[2967.820 --> 2969.300]  she can no longer compensate
+[2969.300 --> 2971.420]  through the oblique axis of the mid-tarsal joint,
+[2971.420 --> 2972.860]  but the body's still coming forward.
+[2972.860 --> 2973.860]  And now it's saying, man,
+[2973.860 --> 2976.380]  I used to be able to get my motion through the mid foot,
+[2976.380 --> 2978.180]  but it's not allowing me to get that motion.
+[2978.180 --> 2981.980]  So those forces are transferred all the way up the chain.
+[2981.980 --> 2984.020]  They have to turn their feet out, they turn the feet in,
+[2984.020 --> 2986.380]  they lift with their hips and they try and carry their legs
+[2986.380 --> 2991.020]  because they can no longer propel forward over their MTP joint.
+[2991.020 --> 2993.740]  And so if you take away, I mean,
+[2993.740 --> 2997.020]  I always say compensation is a good thing
+[2997.020 --> 2998.780]  until you fix the problem.
+[2998.780 --> 3000.940]  She needs to compensate for her limitation
+[3000.940 --> 3003.220]  in ankle dorsiflexion, i.e. muscle weakness
+[3003.220 --> 3005.020]  in their anterior tibial muscles.
+[3005.020 --> 3007.980]  She has to compensate for that limitation in motion
+[3007.980 --> 3010.180]  and the associated weakness.
+[3010.180 --> 3012.980]  So her compensation was through the mid-tarsal oblique axis
+[3012.980 --> 3014.780]  which allowed her knee to dive in.
+[3014.780 --> 3016.380]  This woman came to me because she had
+[3016.380 --> 3018.500]  butelephalmoral syndrome.
+[3018.500 --> 3022.460]  So dysfunction in the foot was putting increased stress
+[3022.460 --> 3026.820]  at her knee joint because the other end of the foot
+[3026.820 --> 3028.140]  is the knee.
+[3028.140 --> 3030.220]  All these muscles run up, the tibian fibula.
+[3030.220 --> 3033.020]  The other end of the tibian fibula is the knee joint.
+[3033.020 --> 3036.300]  So her increased valgus stress every time she would squat
+[3036.300 --> 3039.380]  or run was putting increased rotational stresses up
+[3039.380 --> 3040.940]  through her knee joint that was creating
+[3040.940 --> 3042.700]  patelephalmoral syndrome.
+[3042.700 --> 3045.780]  As soon as we corrected her limitation
+[3045.780 --> 3048.980]  or basically activated her anterior tibial muscles,
+[3048.980 --> 3051.660]  her patelephalmoral pain was gone.
+[3051.660 --> 3054.540]  Her pain is an indicator, something's wrong.
+[3054.540 --> 3057.420]  But if you put an orthotic end underneath the foot
+[3057.420 --> 3060.060]  and you take away the ability to compensate,
+[3060.060 --> 3062.260]  her knee pain made her away because she would no longer
+[3062.260 --> 3065.340]  have all of those rotational forces going through her knee
+[3065.340 --> 3068.340]  but something else is going to show up as being weak.
+[3068.340 --> 3071.220]  Is the example of that woman where she,
+[3071.220 --> 3073.220]  I mean, I took away her hip pain by putting her in
+[3073.220 --> 3076.220]  orthotics but it transferred all the way up to her neck.
+[3076.220 --> 3077.820]  And then I took her out of the orthotics
+[3077.820 --> 3082.500]  and the hip pain came back and her neck pain went away.
+[3082.500 --> 3084.140]  And all I realized at that point in time
+[3084.140 --> 3085.780]  is all I did was, I didn't fix a thing.
+[3085.780 --> 3087.100]  I didn't correct anything.
+[3087.100 --> 3089.300]  All I did was redirect the stress.
+[3089.300 --> 3091.900]  And that idea were only as strong as our weakest link.
+[3091.900 --> 3095.020]  Her next week link got its pose because now the forces
+[3095.020 --> 3097.060]  were transferred and differently upper body
+[3097.060 --> 3100.300]  and now her weakness because she still had to compensate
+[3100.300 --> 3104.580]  for her instability issue or her muscle weakness issue.
+[3104.580 --> 3106.100]  And so you think about that.
+[3106.100 --> 3109.380]  When muscles lose the ability to contract,
+[3109.380 --> 3112.020]  they lose the ability to shorten effectively
+[3112.020 --> 3114.700]  and the opposite muscles tighten up.
+[3114.700 --> 3118.020]  So tightness is a protective mechanism.
+[3118.020 --> 3121.740]  You think way back when I put MAT together,
+[3121.740 --> 3124.460]  basically looked at the, I mean,
+[3124.460 --> 3126.380]  why do muscles tighten up?
+[3126.380 --> 3128.420]  When I had my fracture, vertebrae,
+[3128.420 --> 3130.580]  I had all the, I mean, I tried everything.
+[3130.580 --> 3134.140]  I understood the relationship of joints I had orthotic
+[3134.140 --> 3136.740]  and I had met you, I had knee pain,
+[3136.740 --> 3138.940]  potelephal moral syndrome, planar fasciitis,
+[3138.940 --> 3140.580]  SI joint dysfunction.
+[3140.580 --> 3143.420]  By the time I was 25 years old, I'm sitting there,
+[3143.420 --> 3146.860]  I'm this bad at 25, what am I gonna be like when I'm 50?
+[3146.860 --> 3148.980]  But I was dependent on my orthotics.
+[3148.980 --> 3150.900]  With minute I put my shoes on
+[3150.900 --> 3153.020]  and I got out of bed, I had to put my shoes on
+[3153.020 --> 3155.860]  because I had these collapsed arches
+[3155.860 --> 3159.060]  and had no stability through my lower leg and feet.
+[3159.060 --> 3161.380]  And that was transferring forces all the way,
+[3161.380 --> 3162.980]  all the way up through the chain.
+[3162.980 --> 3166.340]  And then the orthotics were just compensatory to,
+[3166.340 --> 3168.220]  I mean, we're taking away my ability
+[3168.220 --> 3170.180]  to effectively compensate.
+[3170.180 --> 3172.460]  And Lira, I was 25 years old,
+[3172.460 --> 3174.820]  thinking what am I gonna be like when I'm 50?
+[3174.820 --> 3178.580]  Now, and this idea, we have one extreme of the continuum
+[3178.580 --> 3182.580]  that wants to support arches and provide artificial stability.
+[3182.580 --> 3184.700]  And then we have the other end of the continuum
+[3184.700 --> 3187.060]  is a barefoot training.
+[3187.060 --> 3189.460]  We need to train the muscles of the feet
+[3189.460 --> 3191.540]  the way they were designed to move.
+[3191.540 --> 3195.180]  That's great as long as you don't have years of compensation
+[3195.180 --> 3199.540]  and adaptation, there need to be addressed first.
+[3199.540 --> 3201.260]  I always say you gotta, like with the battery,
+[3201.260 --> 3202.580]  you have to jumpstart the battery,
+[3202.580 --> 3206.100]  then you can drive the car through muscle activation techniques.
+[3206.100 --> 3208.740]  If somebody's going to go from orthotics
+[3208.740 --> 3211.820]  or protective shoe wear into barefoot training,
+[3211.820 --> 3213.420]  that's when you're, I mean, they're gonna jump,
+[3213.420 --> 3215.540]  that's like going in and bench pressing 300 pounds
+[3215.540 --> 3217.620]  at first, trying to bench press 300 pounds
+[3217.620 --> 3220.020]  the first day you work up, your muscles aren't strong enough
+[3220.020 --> 3221.660]  to tolerate those forces.
+[3221.660 --> 3224.260]  So the first thing we need to do is go movement by movement,
+[3224.260 --> 3227.060]  muscle by muscle, get all the muscles activated,
+[3227.060 --> 3229.860]  restore normal motion at each joint in the foot,
+[3229.860 --> 3233.740]  then you can transfer into barefoot training.
+[3233.740 --> 3235.620]  I basically never have shoes on.
+[3235.660 --> 3238.620]  I don't wear shoes when I, I minute I show up at the office,
+[3238.620 --> 3241.220]  I take my shoes off and I work barefoot at all day,
+[3241.220 --> 3242.860]  and now I have arches.
+[3242.860 --> 3245.060]  When I was 20 years, 25 years old,
+[3245.060 --> 3246.980]  my feet were flat to the ground.
+[3246.980 --> 3249.540]  And it's because muscles move bones
+[3249.540 --> 3252.180]  and muscles hold bones in proper alignment.
+[3252.180 --> 3255.140]  If you can improve neuromuscular function
+[3255.140 --> 3256.980]  and get the muscles activated,
+[3256.980 --> 3258.780]  you can actually provide an environment
+[3258.780 --> 3261.340]  all the way up the chain to take stress off
+[3261.340 --> 3263.100]  of joints and tissue.
+[3263.100 --> 3265.260]  If you have instability issue,
+[3265.260 --> 3268.340]  like I said, the body tightens up
+[3268.340 --> 3270.220]  as a protective mechanism.
+[3270.220 --> 3273.140]  I was saying, why do muscles tighten up?
+[3273.140 --> 3276.460]  Best analogy is when we walk on ice.
+[3276.460 --> 3279.300]  The first thing we do when we body senses instability
+[3279.300 --> 3281.980]  is we tighten up as a protective mechanism.
+[3282.860 --> 3285.420]  So when you have stressed trauma or overuse
+[3285.420 --> 3287.860]  and the muscle is in the resultant inflammation,
+[3287.860 --> 3289.260]  all there's that communication
+[3289.260 --> 3291.660]  between the nervous system and the muscle system,
+[3291.660 --> 3294.460]  those muscles just can't fire and fire on demand.
+[3294.460 --> 3295.900]  That means they can't do their job
+[3295.900 --> 3299.180]  to stabilize joints and protect you from injury.
+[3299.180 --> 3301.940]  And so the natural neurological response,
+[3301.940 --> 3303.260]  whether you're walking on ice
+[3303.260 --> 3305.140]  and it's the external surface
+[3305.140 --> 3307.260]  that's creating the instability issue,
+[3307.260 --> 3309.420]  or if your internal system,
+[3309.420 --> 3310.940]  if your muscle system is weakened,
+[3310.940 --> 3314.500]  it's an intrinsic mechanism that's causing instability,
+[3314.500 --> 3317.020]  is the natural neurological response,
+[3317.020 --> 3320.420]  as is the body will tighten up as a protective mechanism.
+[3320.420 --> 3324.900]  So muscle tightness is a sign of muscle weakness.
+[3324.900 --> 3327.740]  And like I said, the majority of people that I see
+[3327.740 --> 3329.140]  that are in orthotics,
+[3329.140 --> 3331.620]  I assess range of motion through the subtaller joint,
+[3331.620 --> 3334.260]  through the midterstall joint, through the talacrul joint,
+[3334.260 --> 3335.860]  through the first ray of axis,
+[3335.860 --> 3337.540]  and they always have limitation
+[3337.540 --> 3339.420]  and one or more of the axes
+[3339.420 --> 3342.460]  to produce motion at the feet.
+[3342.460 --> 3344.020]  That means there's weakness.
+[3344.020 --> 3346.820]  And until you address the muscle weakness issue,
+[3346.820 --> 3349.060]  you have an instability issue.
+[3349.060 --> 3354.060]  And so instead of trying to artificially create stability
+[3355.540 --> 3358.340]  to join, which would limit motion even more,
+[3358.340 --> 3360.260]  I'd say we wanna create motion
+[3360.260 --> 3362.460]  by teaching the muscles to contract,
+[3362.460 --> 3366.860]  so they can move each joint about the axis,
+[3366.860 --> 3370.580]  these joints dictate.
+[3370.580 --> 3373.540]  And you should have more motion and more mobility
+[3373.540 --> 3376.180]  and a feat when the muscles are all functioning properly,
+[3376.180 --> 3378.220]  rather than less mobility.
+[3378.220 --> 3381.980]  And the key to function is can the muscles,
+[3381.980 --> 3384.380]  are they strong enough, intolerable enough
+[3384.380 --> 3387.020]  to eccentricly control pronation,
+[3387.020 --> 3389.900]  to inconscentrically create supination
+[3389.900 --> 3391.940]  and a manner to split second,
+[3391.940 --> 3394.180]  beyond our conscious control.
+[3394.180 --> 3399.180]  Functional movement occurs beyond our conscious control.
+[3399.620 --> 3402.660]  So in order for us to get from point A to point B,
+[3402.660 --> 3405.420]  the body would get from point A to point B
+[3405.420 --> 3407.980]  most effectively with what it has to work with.
+[3407.980 --> 3410.140]  So the muscles that can contract and can contract
+[3410.140 --> 3412.900]  on demand are the ones that are doing a propellas forward.
+[3412.900 --> 3414.900]  The ones that can't contract on demand
+[3414.900 --> 3416.580]  are just along for the ride.
+[3416.580 --> 3419.220]  Because in that heel strike, the same side heel strike
+[3419.220 --> 3421.180]  that occurs in less than a second,
+[3421.180 --> 3423.660]  if these muscles aren't all firing and fire on demand,
+[3423.660 --> 3424.700]  you've lost.
+[3424.700 --> 3429.060]  And then you need to seek court outside stabilizing devices.
+[3429.060 --> 3433.020]  Muscles move bones, muscles hold bones in proper alignment
+[3433.020 --> 3434.820]  with relative to lower leg and foot
+[3434.820 --> 3437.300]  and all the, I mean, these principles carry through
+[3437.460 --> 3440.660]  the whole body is recognizing if we can get the muscles
+[3440.660 --> 3442.620]  contracting and contracting on demand,
+[3442.620 --> 3445.860]  protective tightness will go away and function will improve.
+[3446.700 --> 3450.140]  I think that can collapse our time.
+[3450.140 --> 3454.060]  So hopefully that gives some insight on foot mechanic.
+[3454.060 --> 3457.300]  And you can see just in a weight bearing environment,
+[3457.300 --> 3461.900]  how utilizing or identifying limitation and range of motion,
+[3463.100 --> 3466.740]  say in this example, an ankle dorsiflexion,
+[3466.740 --> 3469.900]  correlated with weakness and anterior tibial muscles.
+[3469.900 --> 3472.820]  And once we got the anterior tibial muscles activated,
+[3472.820 --> 3474.580]  they can shorten more effectively
+[3474.580 --> 3476.540]  and the tight muscles relaxed.
+[3476.540 --> 3480.820]  And that transformation that addressing the isolated parts
+[3480.820 --> 3484.660]  was able to carry over into weight bearing activity.
+[3484.660 --> 3487.780]  You have to break the integrated system down
+[3487.780 --> 3489.780]  into its isolated parts.
+[3489.780 --> 3491.420]  And with MAT, that's what we do.
+[3491.420 --> 3493.340]  Movement by movement, muscle by muscle,
+[3493.340 --> 3495.620]  we go through every joint, every group of muscles
+[3495.620 --> 3498.540]  to determine can these muscles contract effectively.
+[3498.540 --> 3500.580]  And if they can't, we need to create the ability
+[3500.580 --> 3501.900]  so they can.
+[3501.900 --> 3504.900]  Those are the foundational principles of MAT.
+[3504.900 --> 3508.660]  And if you want more information, go to muscleactivation.com.
+[3508.660 --> 3511.980]  We all education processes, the validate
+[3511.980 --> 3514.140]  and support these principles.
+[3514.140 --> 3515.140]  So thank you for being here.
+[3515.140 --> 3517.460]  We had a good number of people that signed up for this.
+[3517.460 --> 3518.740]  So thank you for taking the time.
+[3518.740 --> 3521.220]  And hopefully this opens the door from our specialty
+[3521.220 --> 3525.220]  and muscle function and how it relates to total body function.
+[3525.620 --> 3526.780]  Thank you.

transcript/webinar_nlQnVREdLEA.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,752 @@
+[0.000 --> 23.800]  Okay, so very much welcome to to Dice Station. I'm glad for the old faces and new faces.
+[23.800 --> 27.800]  This is just going to be a nice interesting session. I want you to sit back and enjoy
+[27.800 --> 34.280]  it. There's going to be a few interactive questions in there just to see how you look at things.
+[34.280 --> 42.040]  So it's going to be nice and fun. You can also learn how to in an interview to look at these things.
+[42.040 --> 47.960]  Okay, so my name is Cecilia Denden. I'm an industrial psychologist. I'm the owner of PTES consulting.
+[47.960 --> 54.680]  So we do psychometric assessments and I always want to say thank you to the HR talk that arranges
+[54.680 --> 60.840]  these webinars for us and send it out to the clients. I send the invite out to my clients and we'll
+[60.840 --> 69.960]  just get together in this. So thank you for that. Okay, so let's start with what are we going to
+[69.960 --> 78.360]  be talking about today? So firstly, body language or culturally bound? Why is body language important?
+[79.160 --> 85.400]  We're also going to look at how this includes emotional intelligence. It is unconscious behaviour.
+[86.360 --> 93.720]  We look at facial expressions. It's a universal language and then lastly, what can you do and what
+[93.720 --> 100.440]  you should not do and how to know when someone's lying in an interview and then there is a quiz.
+[100.440 --> 105.320]  So I'm going to move through it fairly quick because I want to cover everything. There's quite a
+[105.320 --> 115.400]  lot of interesting things at the end as well. Okay, so let's start. Right, so body language refers
+[115.400 --> 122.440]  to the non-verbal signals that we use to communicate. So according to experts, these non-verbal
+[122.440 --> 128.440]  signals make a huge part of our daily communication. So from our facial expressions to our body movements,
+[128.440 --> 134.440]  the things we don't say can still convey volumes of information. So we all know this by now.
+[135.320 --> 139.400]  And you know, when you are younger, you're sometimes a little bit more submissive.
+[139.400 --> 145.880]  No, this is so different. You'll learn more things but it's good to tune yourself even more
+[145.880 --> 151.880]  around these things. So it has been suggested that body language may account for between 60 to 65%
+[151.880 --> 159.800]  of all communication. Some researchers even suggest between 80 and 90 and we do put a lot of
+[159.800 --> 165.400]  emphasis on what someone looks like, the gestures and the way that they talk. So
+[168.440 --> 174.440]  whether that's right or wrong, that is just how it is. So when doing presentations,
+[174.440 --> 180.600]  most presenters focus the preparation time on their words. They will say about research shows us
+[180.600 --> 187.720]  that body language accounts was much as 55% of a message total impact. So meanwhile, your tone of
+[187.720 --> 195.320]  voice accounts with 38% of the impact and your actual words 7%. So that's quite crazy because it's
+[195.320 --> 201.400]  all over the place. That's why it's also important for you to, if you look at the emotional
+[201.400 --> 209.640]  intelligence side, to always also still really listen. You know, so okay, let's look at
+[209.720 --> 220.760]  some prominent examples of body language. So it usually gets fun. So let's look at these important
+[220.760 --> 227.880]  people's faces. So who will we be talking about today? So let's dive into the first example.
+[229.560 --> 235.880]  All right, who of you remember the Michael Peterson case? This is the case of the staircase
+[236.600 --> 243.880]  killer. So if you have not watched this thing on Netflix, it is a very good documentary to watch.
+[244.360 --> 248.600]  So when I haven't even watched the documentary, when I saw him the first time,
+[249.080 --> 255.000]  when I saw his face, I said, oh my god, it's a killer. And then there was a theory around
+[256.120 --> 261.080]  what killed his wife. Then I changed my mind. Then I thought, no, no, he could be innocent. And
+[261.160 --> 269.880]  then I swung back again after watching the Netflix documentary. So I felt after the Netflix
+[269.880 --> 276.360]  documentary, he actually didn't do himself a lot of favors by talking about it in this way.
+[276.920 --> 283.560]  But anyway, so let's just discuss it for you that don't know this situation. So Michael Peterson
+[283.560 --> 289.800]  is an American novelist who was convicted in 2003 of murdering his second wife,
+[289.800 --> 297.080]  Kathleen Peterson in 2001. So on December 2001, she was found there at the bottom of the staircase
+[297.080 --> 301.880]  in their home by Michael. He claimed that she fell, that she had fallen accidentally and he
+[301.880 --> 309.720]  discovered her too late to save her. So can you remember, for those of you who know this situation,
+[309.720 --> 315.800]  you could also go Google it. At the bottom of the stairs was this body obviously lying, but it was
+[315.800 --> 323.400]  just blood everywhere. Then there was a theory that came out that an owl detector. Because in the
+[323.400 --> 330.920]  area, there are there's actual signs that says, and you know, you must be aware of the owl because
+[330.920 --> 336.840]  the way that it scratches your head, it actually attacks your head. And it causes a lot of bleeding.
+[337.640 --> 344.200]  So that's why I sort of went that way. And I thought, no, maybe he is innocent, but then there was
+[344.200 --> 349.720]  the documentary. And this is a lot of the stuff that came out of the documentary. So there was a
+[349.720 --> 355.720]  lot of contradictory evidence and witnesses. So a lot of the emphasis was placed on body language.
+[355.720 --> 359.480]  So they say you tend to look away when you hear bad news or information.
+[361.480 --> 366.360]  High pitching of the voice mimicking shock could be an indication of life. So there was a clip where
+[367.240 --> 376.280]  he actually literally did this. And it sounds, it's 50-50. You feel like, you know, like, really
+[376.280 --> 385.160]  did you die? You know, like that. Anyway, so there's no denial, but fishing of facts. So he is unsure
+[385.160 --> 391.400]  of what the interviewer knows. So I actually saw this in one of the documentaries. I haven't
+[391.400 --> 397.960]  watched more than one. And he was fishing of facts. He never, it was not point to recite, nobody
+[397.960 --> 404.360]  was, he was more fishing for facts. And but so apparently people fish for facts when they are unsure
+[404.360 --> 410.920]  of what the interviewer knows. So also, repeat of what the interviewer asks. So for example,
+[411.240 --> 418.360]  there's a written statement and he will repeat a statement. So I would like to see this statement.
+[418.360 --> 425.160]  So this could also be trying to, trying to buy time in order to, to see what does the interviewer
+[425.160 --> 431.880]  know and maybe get his story correct. So it is also important to note that the body language experts
+[431.880 --> 436.760]  indicated that due to the camera, you could have been acting additionally, which could influence
+[436.760 --> 442.200]  the results. So that's the other thing. Because it was a documentary, they were cameras involved,
+[442.200 --> 449.640]  maybe because of that, he may have adjusted a little bit of his behavior. But there was also
+[449.640 --> 456.520]  the interesting thing about the previous wife. I think all of us also found at the bottom of stairs,
+[456.520 --> 461.960]  years and years and years prior. But I mean, that doesn't necessarily mean anything, but this is
+[461.960 --> 467.800]  certainly a very interesting case. So I can tell you the end, what happened? Is he dead?
+[467.880 --> 475.800]  Carter Jail, but in order for him to be released from jail, he had to say that he was guilty. So
+[476.520 --> 483.480]  his family then left him, they abandoned him because they said, why did he do that? And he said,
+[483.480 --> 489.560]  well, that was the only way to get out of prison. So do your own little bit of investigation.
+[489.560 --> 494.680]  If you, if you watch the documentary, you'll see literally some of these things there.
+[495.640 --> 501.560]  And it can go either way, but I can tell you, after the documentary, I wasn't as convinced of his
+[501.560 --> 507.400]  innocence anymore. And, you know, so I also, I went, you know, like this, and you'll see on the
+[507.400 --> 513.480]  slide here, I've copied and pasted the YouTube link for you. So if you get these slides, you can
+[513.480 --> 520.600]  actually have a look at that. Okay, let's look at Chris Watts. You must know this, this case. So
+[521.560 --> 531.080]  very, very disturbing, but this guy is a very good example of body language. So the Watts family
+[531.080 --> 539.080]  murders occurred during the early hours of August 2018. So not so long ago. So initially, he
+[539.080 --> 544.200]  lied extensively about the murder, but while being interviewed by the police Christopher admitted
+[544.200 --> 550.760]  to murdering his pregnant wife Shannon Watts. So he later admitted to killing the daughters as well.
+[551.560 --> 559.080]  And that was Bella and Salise by smothering them with a blanket over the heads. So in of 2018,
+[559.080 --> 565.320]  he pleaded guilty to multiple counts of first degree murders as part of a plea deal. And he was
+[565.320 --> 571.640]  sentenced to five to five life sentences without the possibility of parole, three to be served
+[571.640 --> 581.960]  consecutively. So so odd, he must be a psychopath. So let's look at his, his behavior, his body language.
+[581.960 --> 589.960]  So I actually watched this on YouTube. And this picture over here is actually a picture of him
+[591.720 --> 598.840]  literally while the police is talking to him. So a body language expert Cliff Lansley indicated that
+[598.840 --> 604.920]  Chris's facial expressions caught on camera while when police arrived to his home, betray these
+[604.920 --> 611.160]  lies even before he's arrested. So if you look at Watts's face in more detail with a close-up on the
+[611.160 --> 619.080]  left hand side of the baseline, see this body language expert said, this is Watts's normal face
+[619.080 --> 625.640]  during a non-emotional part of the interview. But then on the right, he says and he literally said
+[625.640 --> 631.160]  that, so Chris Watts actually said, I just want them back. And he's talking about his children here
+[631.160 --> 635.560]  and you see the lip corners raised and his eyes tightened. So can you see it's almost like he's
+[635.560 --> 642.040]  smiling over here. This is literally when he said it. He said, I just want them back, you know,
+[642.040 --> 647.800]  like you are wanting your your your family to come back from holiday, you know, they were away
+[647.800 --> 654.120]  for long. So I just want them back. And the way that he was standing as well was very sort of
+[654.120 --> 661.160]  casual. So his cheeks are raised. This combination of the muscles is an indicator of genuine pleasure.
+[661.160 --> 667.880]  So they actually say, this is dark pleasure for me. I don't know. It's more sort of he doesn't
+[667.880 --> 672.920]  really know what to say. So he's sort of casually talking to the police. But so the body language
+[672.920 --> 680.200]  expert does say it is an indicator of genuine pleasure. Like as he knows, you know, he knows that
+[680.200 --> 687.640]  they are gone. But obviously he doesn't feel anything. There's really nothing going on there.
+[687.640 --> 694.520]  He could have just as well been standing by bride. He goes on this swaying and shows anxiety. So
+[694.520 --> 699.560]  there's I think he was standing like this. So in the video clip, you will see that he actually
+[699.560 --> 705.400]  stands and he's swinging like this. So he's making an affirmative claim that she was still there
+[705.480 --> 710.920]  when he was there at quarter past five in the morning. But his hands is doing a partial gesture.
+[710.920 --> 715.720]  Like I think he was going like this here. It's literally he could have been standing
+[715.720 --> 722.040]  at the bride and talking about this. So it's leakage. You can just see it on the bottom of the
+[722.040 --> 729.240]  screen. So much small movement of the hands, the rotation is what we call the double-handed
+[729.800 --> 735.960]  shrug, which form a part of the full gesture that I have no confidence in what I just said.
+[735.960 --> 740.680]  And it was he was going like this and you know when you sort of going like this. So there is
+[740.680 --> 748.600]  anxiety with him. So for me, what I saw in that particular clip is it's like he knows something,
+[748.600 --> 754.600]  but he's like, you know, acting like he doesn't. So I think they're already they picked up something
+[754.600 --> 761.800]  was up with him. But the link is at the bottom. Yes. So if you even want to watch it, this one is
+[761.800 --> 768.280]  a really good example. Now let's look at another topic that's probably been losing some interest.
+[769.000 --> 776.280]  You know, at the time when I wrote this thing, Harry and Megan were really at the forefront of
+[776.280 --> 782.520]  everyone's minds. So let's just look at them. I remember that she spoke to her for one three and
+[782.520 --> 790.520]  it was such a big thing because she just ran, well, not she, they ran to upper one three quite quickly.
+[790.520 --> 797.480]  So let's let's look at the body language of these two during the interview. So psychologist
+[797.480 --> 803.480]  Stanton decoding Megan's body language while she conversed about these issues told Express,
+[803.480 --> 809.720]  this is another newspaper that the Duchess of Sussex denoted positive gestures. And this can be
+[809.720 --> 815.480]  established with her hand positioning over Harry's throughout the interview. So this also indicated
+[815.480 --> 821.160]  that she noticed that her husband was in need of reassurance, which he made that gesture. So that
+[821.160 --> 826.920]  is a general gesture that most of us do. Not necessarily when someone needs reassurance, but we like
+[826.920 --> 833.080]  that to show our support. Then Harry's body language indicated a lot about the couple's chemistry
+[833.800 --> 839.720]  and adding that he's clearly besotted with her, which I think we all know that that is true.
+[839.720 --> 845.720]  He continued that Harry appears, he derives heels and Megan gives gestures, indicating that she
+[845.720 --> 853.320]  is with him. All right, so these experts discuss whether the claim about Archie's skin color
+[853.320 --> 857.640]  actually happened. Remember, there was the claim about the comment that was made about the baby,
+[858.600 --> 863.400]  I think they said, what is it going to look like, or what is the skin going to look like, or
+[863.400 --> 870.200]  something like that? And one expert indicated that this is a lie, while other suspected that it
+[870.200 --> 877.640]  was the truth. I think what came out later is that there was a comment made, but I think it wasn't
+[878.280 --> 884.760]  entirely meant in a negative manner. But this is something that we will probably never know what
+[884.760 --> 891.160]  was really said by whom and what the intention was. So the second point there, she indicates that
+[891.160 --> 898.600]  she did not look up her husband online. A present telling the truth will usually say, I didn't. So
+[900.360 --> 909.480]  remember, President Clinton, when he said, I did not have any relations with that woman. So
+[909.560 --> 917.560]  the reason why people said that he lied was because when you speak, you'll say, I didn't look up
+[917.560 --> 923.160]  my husband online, or I didn't have any relations with that woman. So the fact that she sort of
+[923.160 --> 929.720]  spells it out, but you know, it's not always. It's once again, 50, 50, because I've also spelled out
+[929.720 --> 935.560]  things like that, and I was speaking the truth, but it could be an indication. Right, and then,
+[935.640 --> 942.120]  when she finishes a sentence, she says, right, regularly. So I watched part of the interview,
+[942.120 --> 947.800]  and when she was talking to her boyfriend, she would say, this has happened right, and it is
+[947.800 --> 954.280]  trying to bolt report and assuming and accepting that what she's saying is the truth. So that's
+[954.280 --> 960.280]  quite powerful. It's almost like the person is convincing you and the person is telling you what I
+[960.280 --> 966.840]  am saying is the truth. So once again, I put the link at the bottom here for you if you want to
+[966.840 --> 971.800]  watch it. I don't know if you saw interested in this. I think it's sort of old news by now,
+[971.800 --> 979.480]  but this was a hot topic when this happened. So it's just interesting. Okay, let's look at
+[981.720 --> 988.440]  the fact that body language is culturally bound. So the only nonverbal behaviors that are
+[988.520 --> 994.200]  universal throughout the world of facial expressions. So the expression of anger, happiness,
+[994.200 --> 999.160]  sadness, disgust, surprise, and fear are basic to all humans. So however, the rest of them are
+[999.160 --> 1005.400]  specific to certain cultures. So in some countries, eye contact is considered respectful.
+[1005.400 --> 1009.400]  Parents tell their children to look at them when they speak because it is a sign that someone is
+[1009.400 --> 1014.920]  paying attention to them. However, in some Middle Eastern or Asian cultures, eye contact is to be
+[1014.920 --> 1021.000]  avoided because it makes signal inappropriate romantic interest. Or it may just be plain
+[1021.000 --> 1026.440]  inappropriate in social interactions. So I think in South Africa, we've got the firm handshake
+[1026.440 --> 1032.040]  and eye contact. More oversight and hand signals mean different things in different cultures.
+[1032.040 --> 1038.280]  For example, in America, even South Africa giving the thumbs up is a positive sign. In India,
+[1038.280 --> 1046.360]  it's the same as giving someone the middle finger. So just to go back to the eye contact,
+[1046.360 --> 1051.000]  I think it really depends because we do have different cultures in South Africa. And I think
+[1052.040 --> 1061.720]  with time, we've all learned what works. But they are different eye contacting like rules or
+[1061.880 --> 1070.040]  just behaviors for different cultures in South Africa. I think in business, we like to have firm eye
+[1070.040 --> 1077.800]  contact. And then, yes, the hand signals. So if you give someone the thumbs up,
+[1078.680 --> 1083.400]  it's a positive sign, but in India, it is the same as giving the middle finger. So that's quite
+[1083.400 --> 1089.480]  important to know. Right, research shows that we make crucial decisions by one another. Subconsciously,
+[1089.480 --> 1097.400]  evaluating an array of nonverbal cues within the first seven seconds. And one someone labels
+[1097.400 --> 1104.360]  you as likable or unlikable, powerful or submissive, everything else you will do will be viewed
+[1104.360 --> 1111.560]  through that filter. So that first seven seconds is quite crucial. So two people can send over
+[1111.560 --> 1118.680]  800 different nonverbal signals in the 30 minutes negotiation. So if you focus on the verbal
+[1118.680 --> 1123.080]  exchange alone and ignore the nonverbal element, you stand a high chance of coming away from a
+[1123.080 --> 1128.120]  negotiation, wondering why in the world, you're brilliantly constructed bargaining plan,
+[1128.120 --> 1133.000]  didn't work the way it was supposed to. So I have gone to meetings before where I actually had
+[1133.000 --> 1138.040]  a quite an important thing to say. Then I woke out of the meeting, not getting what I wanted, but
+[1138.040 --> 1144.920]  I've got a big smile on my face. And then I wonder why, what happened there? So it's all about the
+[1144.920 --> 1151.480]  nonverbal cues. So there are two seats of nonverbal signals that people look in for leaders. So
+[1151.480 --> 1158.120]  state is an authority and then warmth and empathy. So the most effective leaders, you probably
+[1158.120 --> 1164.120]  the right signals at the right time. So which means they realize that body language signals that
+[1164.120 --> 1170.040]  works so well when announcing a new business strategy are not helpful, but could in fact sabbatos
+[1170.120 --> 1176.360]  the efforts when building collaborative teams. So the leader plans on what it is that you are looking
+[1176.360 --> 1185.480]  for when? Right, emotional intelligence. I hope that I'm not moving my camera for you guys and
+[1185.480 --> 1189.480]  that said, because I'm moving it out of the way here for me. So if I'm doing something that's
+[1189.480 --> 1194.760]  distracting, just let me know, but for I'm just moving it out of the way so I can actually see what
+[1195.480 --> 1201.880]  okay. So the ability to read body language is related to emotional and social intelligence.
+[1202.360 --> 1207.480]  So this is why you will know that if you have attained that my previous emotion intelligence
+[1207.480 --> 1213.560]  courses that we will be doing again in the future, this is very closely related.
+[1214.680 --> 1220.760]  You as the person who's reading it and you as the person who's making the judgment,
+[1220.760 --> 1228.600]  why to be mature about interpreting these things. If you jump to conclusions and you're highly
+[1228.600 --> 1237.560]  judgmental without being curious, you could make very big mistakes. So I want you to almost take
+[1237.560 --> 1245.000]  a step back and really first observe before jumping to conclusions. So some people can read other
+[1245.080 --> 1250.920]  people's bodies language easily and some people cannot do it at all. This is the
+[1250.920 --> 1255.960]  distance on how much you have developed your own emotional intelligence. So even experts
+[1255.960 --> 1262.360]  can't interpret body language 100% efficient all the time. It's just really difficult. So there's
+[1262.360 --> 1267.960]  a lot of research about the different meaning of nonverbal communication. So a lot of experts may
+[1267.960 --> 1273.960]  get right, may get it right about 80% of the time, but they are definitely mistakes. So for example,
+[1273.960 --> 1279.000]  someone that looks at their watch a lot, my camera cross is not wanting to be there, but it could
+[1279.000 --> 1286.440]  be at the same time a very time conscious person. Their full body language is very ambiguous. Be
+[1286.440 --> 1292.600]  careful of that as well. Sometimes people may be looking at their watch, but it's got something
+[1292.600 --> 1298.200]  not to do with you at all. Or someone may be short or seem absent. It's not about you at all.
+[1298.920 --> 1306.280]  You have to be, if you are emotional intelligence, you will know you have to keep everything else
+[1306.280 --> 1314.040]  in mind as well. Don't just think of what it is that you are thinking about. So then it is
+[1314.040 --> 1320.200]  unconscious behavior for both the sender and the receiver. So for example, you can be concentrating
+[1320.200 --> 1325.640]  and focusing while listening, but you have an expression or disapproval on your face because of
+[1325.640 --> 1331.720]  concentration. So this is what we call micro expression. So micro expressions are better
+[1331.720 --> 1337.800]  predictor of two feelings. So micro expressions are very brief facial expressions that last for
+[1337.800 --> 1343.720]  a fraction of a second. Then they are a sign of repressing or concealing an emotion. Normal
+[1343.720 --> 1351.000]  expressions last from half to about four seconds. So a micro expression is a fraction of a
+[1351.480 --> 1357.240]  person. So someone that is who really practice in this will look at these type of things. So there
+[1357.240 --> 1363.800]  is a book called Blink by Malcolm Gladwell and he's a science a lot of interesting studies.
+[1363.800 --> 1369.560]  And one of them examines micro expressions of romantic couples on a video. He had them talking
+[1369.560 --> 1374.920]  about random things such as a dog, the current event or something that wouldn't have
+[1374.920 --> 1379.080]  a vocative negative interaction between the two of them. They need to look at the interaction
+[1379.080 --> 1385.320]  frame of frame to view each person's micro expressions. So just from looking at the information
+[1385.320 --> 1389.960]  from their body language, he was able to predict which couples would last and which would break up
+[1389.960 --> 1395.720]  and hear about an 80% accuracy rate. So if you want to look up this book, it's quite interesting.
+[1395.720 --> 1403.640]  So Blink by Malcolm Gladwell. So for example, many of us have nervous sticks that reveal themselves
+[1403.640 --> 1408.520]  in a variety of ways such as touching your hair, constantly adjusting your glasses or jewelry or
+[1408.520 --> 1414.840]  ringing your hands or shifting your weight from side to side. So you could also be doing that. I
+[1414.840 --> 1421.240]  like to do movements to keep people's attention as well. I don't want people to sit and be bored. So
+[1421.240 --> 1428.360]  it can be a variety of things. It can be nervousness or it can be just that you want to keep people's
+[1428.360 --> 1435.640]  interest or it can just literally be your habits. Okay, so let's look at facial expressions.
+[1435.640 --> 1441.480]  So understanding body language is important, but it is also essential to pay attention to other
+[1441.480 --> 1449.160]  cues such as the context. So in many cases, you should look up at signals as a group rather than
+[1449.160 --> 1454.360]  focusing on a single action. So here is one to look for when you're trying to interpret body language.
+[1454.360 --> 1460.200]  So in some cases, our facial expressions may reveal our two feelings about a particular situation.
+[1460.200 --> 1465.880]  While you say that you're feeling fine, the look on your face may be telling people otherwise.
+[1465.880 --> 1472.360]  So we do know that, don't we? Right. It is a universal language.
+[1474.440 --> 1478.680]  So I just want to come quickly back to the first point. If you look at the context,
+[1478.680 --> 1484.040]  think about it when someone comes for an interview. Don't be too harsh or judgmental.
+[1484.440 --> 1490.680]  When you look at the person because they will be nervous. Some person, some people can be very
+[1490.680 --> 1498.680]  assertive, dominant, even very arrogant. But some people can be very nervous. People can be
+[1498.680 --> 1507.480]  very desperate as well to get a job. So don't forget the context. Don't be too judgmental
+[1507.480 --> 1513.320]  when you look at that. So it's a universal language. The expression on a first person's face can
+[1513.320 --> 1518.680]  even help determine if we trust or believe what the individual is saying. One study found that
+[1518.680 --> 1524.680]  the most trustworthy facial expression involves a slight raise of the eyebrows and a slight
+[1525.240 --> 1532.120]  smile. So this expression researchers suggested conveys both friendliness and confidence.
+[1532.120 --> 1538.680]  Facial expressions are also amongst the most universal forms of body language. So the expression
+[1538.680 --> 1543.720]  used to convey fear, anger, sadness and happiness are similar throughout the world.
+[1544.360 --> 1549.400]  So research and Paul Eckman has found that the support for the universality of a variety of
+[1549.400 --> 1555.080]  facial expressions started to particular emotions, including joy, anger, fear, surprise and sadness.
+[1555.640 --> 1560.840]  So this is important to note. This is the part that is the same for everyone.
+[1561.640 --> 1568.120]  Then leads Luke at the importance of the mouth. So when evaluating body language,
+[1568.120 --> 1573.880]  by attention to the foreign mouth, lip signals. And remember, you want to be aware of these things
+[1573.880 --> 1580.040]  over a long period of time. You will get better at it over a long period of time. Always be aware of
+[1580.040 --> 1585.800]  it and practice it. Don't just think you're going to be good right now or not. Practice it.
+[1585.800 --> 1591.080]  Especially you guys that do a lot of interviews. So first lips. This is something that I've
+[1591.080 --> 1597.080]  gotten used to now a lot when I look at people when they talk. I actually looked at the Johnny Deep.
+[1599.000 --> 1605.720]  Johnny Deep and what was the ex-wife name now? I can't remember name. Anyway, I looked at that
+[1605.720 --> 1611.640]  documentary and he would say something and I really believed him. But what I did find interesting,
+[1611.640 --> 1616.280]  there was a few times where he would say something and then he would purses lips. And then I thought
+[1616.280 --> 1622.280]  that's interesting because I really do believe him. In that case, I am more on his side.
+[1623.320 --> 1628.120]  But I did find it interesting. So first lips, starting the lips, maybe an indicator of the
+[1628.120 --> 1635.400]  staste, disapproval or distrust or it could be an indication of I didn't want to say what I just
+[1635.400 --> 1641.400]  said. You know, like I'm swallowing it. So lip biting, people sometimes bite their lips with
+[1641.640 --> 1646.120]  worried anxious or stress that when we know you don't know we go like that. Covering the mouth,
+[1646.120 --> 1652.440]  when people want to hide an emotional reaction, they might cover the mouth in order to avoid
+[1652.440 --> 1658.840]  displaying smiles. So you will see a lot of people will actually they will see that people,
+[1658.840 --> 1665.160]  you know, they will talk like this. And it could be a very subconscious thing that's not actually
+[1665.240 --> 1672.680]  what you want to say. So be aware of that. So purses lips, it could also literally be that the person's
+[1672.680 --> 1680.920]  lips are dry. Because if I now think of the Johnny Depp, we need to do that. I doubt that he was very
+[1681.560 --> 1686.680]  nervous or anxious. He is an actor, but I know that the particular case made him
+[1687.400 --> 1693.400]  a very upset. So it could have, it could literally have been just something like that as well.
+[1694.280 --> 1698.680]  Also, just if someone does that once or twice really don't read too much into it, but
+[1699.320 --> 1705.560]  but I think if you've got a combination of things, be aware of that. And then turned up or down.
+[1705.560 --> 1710.920]  Slight changes in the mouth can also be subtle indicators of why the person is feeling. So when the
+[1710.920 --> 1715.400]  mouth is slightly turned up, it means that the person is feeling happy or optimistic. On the other
+[1715.400 --> 1719.720]  hand, slightly turned down can be indicator of sadness or disapproval or even a outright grimace.
+[1720.440 --> 1731.000]  So be aware of that. Okay, then what can you do or should not do? Okay, so
+[1732.600 --> 1736.280]  one of the, this is something that you can do, but also aware of when other people do it.
+[1736.280 --> 1740.840]  One of the most common questions people have when it comes to body language is why do I do it with
+[1740.840 --> 1746.200]  my hands? And one of them, one of the most common things that people do is cross the arms in front of
+[1746.680 --> 1750.680]  of them. This is not, there's not only seems a message of the fiends of his and unperturability,
+[1750.680 --> 1755.640]  but it also portrays nervousness and a lack of confidence. So you'll remember Chris Watts
+[1755.640 --> 1760.040]  stood like that when the police was talking to him as actually swaying, almost like to comfort
+[1760.040 --> 1765.800]  himself and he was standing like this in their hands, went like that. It did look like you was
+[1765.800 --> 1770.920]  trying, you know, like sort of like you just get the impression when you watch the documentary.
+[1771.640 --> 1777.800]  So if you watch it, you'll see I often stand like this because it's just comfortable for me or when
+[1777.800 --> 1784.840]  you're a little bit cold. So it can be a variety of things, but remember your context, what is happening.
+[1784.840 --> 1791.080]  So to send the opposite message, you can open your chest and your arms and keep it
+[1791.080 --> 1795.720]  your back straight and your head held high. So these are good tips for people when they go
+[1795.720 --> 1801.720]  foreign interview to relax your arms, they'll rest on your legs and just have an open chest,
+[1801.720 --> 1808.520]  you don't have anything to protect or to hide. So this would be for, so once again, if you do an
+[1808.520 --> 1814.360]  interview and someone is sitting like this, you can expect them to be nervous and that is not a sin.
+[1814.360 --> 1820.440]  So just be aware of that. Then another big no no is crossing your legs. So I always used to
+[1820.760 --> 1825.480]  this means I'm quite comfortable because I like sitting like that. I sit a lot like that
+[1826.920 --> 1833.160]  when I work at my office. So, but they do say this communicates lack of professionalism
+[1833.160 --> 1839.320]  and suggest nervousness. So they do say you should just have your legs together, sort of to the side.
+[1839.880 --> 1844.200]  So for someone who's going foreign interview, that would be my suggestion is to
+[1844.760 --> 1850.760]  to sit with your legs together and sort of do the side with your hands and your leg. That is what they
+[1850.760 --> 1855.720]  do recommend. Although I must tell you I'd never had a problem with this position.
+[1856.360 --> 1860.840]  All right, then touching any part of your face or the lower neck is a position that can indicate
+[1860.840 --> 1865.320]  anxiety. Maybe like this that I'm doing now, nervousness or lack of control. You will see when
+[1865.320 --> 1870.600]  people talk about something that's quite nerve-racking that they will go like this, you know.
+[1871.400 --> 1877.080]  And it's good literally just mean the person is anxious about the topic that they're talking about.
+[1877.080 --> 1884.360]  You know, they may be thinking because I do this there's a lot. But be aware of when a person
+[1884.360 --> 1891.080]  is lying because people that lie may they may do this. And what I've also read is people that lie
+[1891.080 --> 1896.600]  touch they know quite a lot. But then I also do that sometimes a lot because really my nose
+[1896.600 --> 1904.520]  edges. But so if someone does that like that one stone think that that is a side that they lie
+[1904.840 --> 1911.720]  but you could pick up a variety of things. So people come in, it's an interview because they really
+[1911.720 --> 1918.680]  want the job or maybe if someone is lying a lot they may want to they will have nervousness
+[1918.680 --> 1926.200]  around it. But then I've also see people lie very very very calmly. So the confidence that you
+[1926.200 --> 1933.160]  always see may not always be a perfect candidate. I'm just checking the time. Yeah. Okay.
+[1933.160 --> 1938.680]  Reading your hands if you're watching them is a sign of discomfort or lack of preparation.
+[1938.680 --> 1943.320]  Another defense of Jesus is placing your hands in your pocket. Now it says a powerlessness of
+[1943.320 --> 1949.160]  shine is I kind of like doing this when I was basically the one and I thought that's kind of cool
+[1949.160 --> 1955.480]  but it could indicate powerlessness or shine. So just be aware of it. And then people think to
+[1955.480 --> 1960.200]  naturally pay more attention to those that look them in the eye. On the other hand avoiding eye
+[1960.200 --> 1966.680]  contact the communicates lack of confidence, openness and trust. Well I think in South Africa this
+[1966.680 --> 1973.160]  is quite a thing for us if someone doesn't look in the eye then but listen it could be an indication
+[1973.160 --> 1982.200]  of respect. It depends on the culture that you are dealing with but pay attention to this as well
+[1982.280 --> 1987.720]  and for how long the person is not looking in the eye. If it's all the time or just one so you know
+[1987.720 --> 1995.960]  whatever put it into context. Okay. So some presenters resort to the fixing they stare on a single
+[1995.960 --> 2001.320]  personal spot but then audience can quickly tell when you are avoiding eye contact with them. So
+[2001.320 --> 2005.400]  this would be when you're talking in a group. So instead try to look at different people and
+[2005.400 --> 2010.760]  different spots in the audience so you make people feel important, sending a message of self-assurance
+[2011.640 --> 2016.680]  so really look at everyone that will show that you are more confident and self-assured.
+[2017.240 --> 2023.640]  Okay another way to communicate a lack of self-confidence or security is to stand in the same
+[2023.640 --> 2029.720]  spot during an entire presentation as if they were invisible walls restricting you from walking
+[2029.720 --> 2036.360]  around and using your allotted space. So one of the rules of high power body language is to take up
+[2036.360 --> 2041.560]  as much space or territory as needed to make yourself smaller by not make yourself smaller by
+[2041.560 --> 2046.040]  limiting your movements. So that's what I like a variety of movements. I move around, I put my arms
+[2046.040 --> 2052.040]  like this, I put in my pocket, I use it with gestures. So I use a variety of things like that.
+[2053.080 --> 2057.400]  Moving around during appropriate movements in your presentation will not only make your audience
+[2057.400 --> 2063.240]  more attentive but it will keep your mind more alert and help you channel your nervous energy.
+[2063.240 --> 2068.520]  It does help me to break my nervous energy that's sometimes the hand gestures although I use a lot
+[2068.520 --> 2074.520]  of hand gestures, I'm not really nervous but I think it does sort of keep you engaged but no
+[2074.520 --> 2079.800]  do we need to match up it. Just make sure you avoid wearing stilettos or any other shoes that might
+[2079.800 --> 2084.120]  increase your chances of dripping or falling. That will just put you at ease from the start.
+[2085.000 --> 2091.000]  Then in a gesture used during your presentation should be used to other emphasize a point,
+[2091.000 --> 2096.840]  describe something, convey an emotion, express a mood of prompt the audience to take specific action.
+[2096.840 --> 2102.120]  Most presenters are ever used to say gestures over and over again without clear communicative
+[2102.120 --> 2107.880]  purpose. I do that quite a lot, I think I can go like that quite a lot. So they actually say
+[2108.440 --> 2114.440]  it can be distracting, it's not always a good thing, I think mine is a habit. So there's only
+[2114.440 --> 2119.160]  distract your audience instead of helping them to convey your message. I hope all of you are listening
+[2119.160 --> 2125.960]  even with my hands that's going like this. So try to plan very gestures beforehand that might help
+[2125.960 --> 2130.760]  highlight main points. So even if you consciously think about them before your presentation,
+[2130.760 --> 2135.800]  use them in a controlled and smooth manner so that they appear naturally and not forced.
+[2136.680 --> 2143.400]  Right, standing firm with your feet hip with a pot sensibly a message of stability and confidence.
+[2143.400 --> 2149.000]  Shifting your weight with your foot or standing with your feet closer together communicates
+[2149.000 --> 2155.160]  uncertainty and nervousness. All right, and then we've all seen in the figurative
+[2155.160 --> 2160.600]  fig leave positions. So we're both hands are closed in front of the body, forming the shape of a
+[2160.600 --> 2167.640]  fig leaf covering the groin area. So I've also done this before. I did not know that I am protecting
+[2167.720 --> 2173.960]  my groin, but so don't stand in that way for too long. It does seem a message of discomfort and
+[2173.960 --> 2179.320]  shyness suggesting the fence ofness and the need to protect the most sensitive and vulnerable parts
+[2179.320 --> 2185.640]  of the body. So right, when someone is lying in the interview, I'm sorry if I'm going quickly,
+[2185.640 --> 2190.280]  but I do want to cover everything. There is some stuff after this that I also want you to
+[2191.000 --> 2198.280]  look at some interesting exercises. Okay, but this is in an interview. So most people have no
+[2198.280 --> 2204.200]  bit than a 50-50 chance of detecting deception. So when you are having an interview,
+[2205.880 --> 2211.960]  don't be too judgmental or harsh. Look at the body language, look at the facial expressions,
+[2211.960 --> 2217.800]  but also listen to what it is that they say. And this is why it's very important to do a competency
+[2217.800 --> 2224.600]  based interview. If you just do a random interview where you're just talking random questions,
+[2224.600 --> 2228.040]  like what's your strengths, what's your development areas, what are you good at? Where you want to be
+[2228.040 --> 2234.040]  in five years for now? If it's not competency based and aimed with a purpose and a structure,
+[2235.400 --> 2241.640]  your interview is actually a waste of your entire day because even with a competency profile,
+[2241.640 --> 2248.760]  you have a 50-50% chance of detecting deception. So you just want this to aid you in your competency
+[2248.760 --> 2255.240]  based interview. So let's look at things that you still want to put into perspective when you do
+[2255.240 --> 2264.120]  your interview. Too much or too little eye contact. Over-inversizing details or avoiding details. So
+[2264.120 --> 2269.480]  you will pick that up very quickly when you do a competency based interview. If you ask a specific
+[2269.480 --> 2276.040]  question asking for a specific time or place when that's happened and they overemphasize,
+[2276.040 --> 2282.680]  they avoid data or they get off track. There you have your answer on your competency based
+[2282.680 --> 2291.080]  question already. Then, fragiting a lot, touching the nose, touching the nose or the lips can be an
+[2291.080 --> 2298.600]  indication of maybe lying. So when you ask that competency based question and then someone start
+[2298.600 --> 2305.240]  moving and the lips and then you see that the example that they're giving you does not really
+[2305.240 --> 2311.720]  match your question and you know the person is not as good on that particular question or competence
+[2311.720 --> 2316.680]  as you would like them to be. But they could be better on the other competency based questions.
+[2316.680 --> 2322.280]  So all the doubts are the baby out with the bath water. There could be some points where they're
+[2322.360 --> 2330.600]  not as good as the other. Then speech hesitations, looking up or down, answers questions that's not
+[2330.600 --> 2335.960]  asked. This is a very good one. If you ask a competency based question and you get an answer,
+[2335.960 --> 2342.520]  that's not related. It will just tell you they don't know much about that particular competency.
+[2342.520 --> 2347.080]  Remember, it doesn't mean that they cannot do the work or that they cannot do the other
+[2347.400 --> 2355.000]  jobs or good at the other competencies. But maybe that particular competency. So once again,
+[2355.000 --> 2361.640]  can you see put it into perspective, grow your own maturity and awareness around how people
+[2361.640 --> 2367.640]  answer. Also remember, your interviews and extroverts will be very different in their interviews.
+[2367.640 --> 2374.280]  Maybe not always because I have found very assertive, very good communicative introverts before,
+[2374.280 --> 2380.680]  but I've also seen some introverts not selling themselves well and then they do excellent
+[2380.680 --> 2384.760]  in the psychometrically assessment board. So be aware of those things as well.
+[2385.880 --> 2391.960]  May repeat phrases or words. Focus on when they stop talking about themselves.
+[2395.400 --> 2401.960]  Yes, focus on when they stop talking about themselves. Also focus on when they talk too much about
+[2401.960 --> 2409.880]  themselves. Focus on when they get off track with a question that you've asked. Because don't go
+[2409.880 --> 2415.400]  along with a manipulation and it may not be an obvious manipulation. It may just that the person
+[2415.400 --> 2419.720]  really doesn't know how to answer it and they just want to get through the question. So don't think
+[2419.720 --> 2429.560]  there's deviance in everything that you see. Okay, I want to quickly go through. Why, how people
+[2429.560 --> 2434.760]  lie? What is I'm going to go through this quickly? But these are things that you can pick up on
+[2434.760 --> 2440.920]  if someone lies. So traditional people make frequent use of the pronoun I to describe their actions.
+[2440.920 --> 2446.680]  I arrive home and arrived at 630. The phone was ringing and I unlocked the front door. So I
+[2446.680 --> 2451.160]  walked straight up to the kitchen and I answered it. I talked to my mother at 10 minutes before
+[2451.160 --> 2455.800]  noticing that my teeth and computer were missing from the living room. This brief statement contains
+[2455.800 --> 2462.920]  a pronoun I four times in three sentences. This set of people often use language that minimise
+[2462.920 --> 2469.160]  reference to themselves. One way to reduce self-reference is to describe events in the passive voice.
+[2469.160 --> 2476.280]  The safe was left unlocked. Unlocked rather than I left the safe unlocked. The shipment was
+[2476.280 --> 2484.360]  authorized rather than I authorized the shipment. Another way to reduce self-reference is to substitute
+[2484.520 --> 2493.240]  the pronoun for you for I. So can you tell me about reconciling the bank statement? You know, you try
+[2493.240 --> 2499.000]  to identify all the outstanding checks in the positive and positive. But sometimes you're really busy
+[2499.000 --> 2503.240]  and you just put, you know, the opposite differences to suspens that goes, it's when you're
+[2503.240 --> 2510.520]  referred to, you know, you and not I try to identify all the outstanding checks and the positive
+[2510.600 --> 2517.000]  drawn said, you know, so when you move that, can you see this is very, very, very subtle. So it's
+[2517.000 --> 2522.600]  difficult to determine. But if you have a comprehensive advice, intervene, you're asking them to
+[2522.600 --> 2533.960]  describe a scenario and they move from I to it was authorized. It was left unlocked and not I
+[2533.960 --> 2539.320]  unlocked it. I authorized it. But just be aware of that it's the ones again, it doesn't mean
+[2540.120 --> 2543.800]  it possibly just means that the person was never in that experience before and they just
+[2543.800 --> 2550.920]  trying to get through your question. Then verb tins. Truistful people usually describe historical
+[2550.920 --> 2556.840]  events in the past tense. Disceptive people often refers to the past tense if it was occurring
+[2556.840 --> 2562.520]  in the present tense. So describing past events using the present tense suggests that people
+[2562.520 --> 2567.640]  are rehearsing the events in their mind. Investigators should pay particular attention to points in a
+[2567.640 --> 2574.120]  narrative that which you speak a shift and inappropriate present tense usage. So considering
+[2574.120 --> 2579.880]  the following statements made by an employee claiming that a pouch containing 6,000 random cash
+[2579.880 --> 2585.160]  was stolen before she could deposit it at the bank. I've emphasized certain words. Okay, so
+[2586.600 --> 2592.920]  this is the first sentence. After closing the store, I put the cash cash pouch in my car
+[2592.920 --> 2599.800]  and drove to the Olympia bank building on Elm Street. It was raining hard so I drove to
+[2600.360 --> 2608.840]  so I had to drive slowly. I ended the parking lot and drove around back to the night depository slot.
+[2608.840 --> 2615.480]  When I stopped the car and rolled down my window, a guy jumps out of the bushes and yells at me.
+[2615.480 --> 2621.880]  I can see he has a gun. He grabs the cash pouch and runs away. The last I saw him was
+[2621.880 --> 2627.400]  headed south on Elm Street. After he was gone, I got the police. Can you see in the middle of all of
+[2627.400 --> 2637.080]  these paragraphs? The person started and went to the present tense. When I stopped the car and rolled
+[2637.080 --> 2644.120]  on my window, then she swaps over to the present tense. A guy jumps out of the bushes and yells at me.
+[2645.080 --> 2652.040]  So it goes from under-scribing to as if it's happening here. So it's very difficult to pick up,
+[2652.040 --> 2658.200]  but if you can pick up the person changes the tense. It could be because a lot of people when
+[2658.200 --> 2664.360]  they do lie, they start with the truth and then they adjust and then they adapt because it's
+[2664.360 --> 2670.120]  easier to lie like that. To just pull out a lie from out nowhere is very difficult.
+[2670.680 --> 2676.680]  A part of if you're maybe a psychopath, it may be easier for you, but for us mere mortals,
+[2676.680 --> 2683.080]  it's quite difficult to just tell a lie. We get caught out. We swap the tenses and things
+[2683.080 --> 2692.280]  like that. Answering questions with questions. Even if any of you watch the judge's duty show,
+[2692.280 --> 2698.360]  this is such an excellent example. When she talks to them and the person answers her question
+[2699.080 --> 2706.120]  is brilliant and you can see they lie. Even liars prefer not to lie. Outright lies carry the
+[2706.120 --> 2712.200]  risk of detection. Before answering a question with a lie, a detective person will usually try to
+[2712.200 --> 2719.240]  avoid answering the question. They will avoid to answer it. One common method of dodging a question
+[2719.240 --> 2725.720]  and to play for time is to answer the question with question. Why would I steal from a brother? It
+[2725.720 --> 2731.720]  happens on the judge's duty shows constantly. It is so funny. Do I seem like the kind of person
+[2731.720 --> 2737.640]  who would do something like that? Why would I do that? So don't think somebody would have to be pretty
+[2737.640 --> 2743.240]  stupid to remove cash from their own register drawer. Have you ever seen this one before? This is a
+[2743.240 --> 2748.120]  classic one. Don't you think someone would be able to be pretty stupid to remove the cash from the
+[2748.120 --> 2755.560]  cash register? That is a common one. Look out for that one. Then equivocation. The subject of
+[2755.560 --> 2760.920]  voids, an interview with question by filling his own statements with expressions of uncertainty,
+[2760.920 --> 2766.440]  weak modifiers of vague expressions. So in this case, you should watch out for words such as
+[2766.440 --> 2772.360]  think guess sort of maybe might perhaps approximately about so. They're unsanitary as a fact that it
+[2772.360 --> 2782.200]  really is. It's they use sort of words. vague statements and expressions of uncertainty allows
+[2783.160 --> 2789.240]  a deceptive person leeway to modify his or his assertion or an adelaide to date. So because if I
+[2789.240 --> 2796.200]  said, well, I suppose so, or well, I believe so, then I find it very interesting because in the
+[2796.200 --> 2801.800]  judge's duty show, everyone sings, well, I believe so. I believe. Then I'm thinking, but do you
+[2801.800 --> 2807.320]  believe it or did it happen? I mean, it did. So you don't have to say, well, I believe it. You
+[2807.320 --> 2812.280]  don't have to believe it because it did happen. Anyway, that was just my thinking. So non-commental
+[2812.280 --> 2819.160]  verbs are think believe guess suppose figure or assume equivocating adjectives and adverse
+[2819.160 --> 2827.720]  are sort of almost mainly perhaps make it. It's very vague and vague qualifiers is you might say more
+[2827.720 --> 2836.520]  or less that you also see a lot on the judge's duty. So then oaths. So this one actually, it's
+[2836.520 --> 2842.200]  incredible how good this one really is. It's although deceptive subjects attempt to give interviews
+[2842.200 --> 2847.640]  as little useful information as possible. They try very hard to convince individuals that what
+[2847.640 --> 2853.400]  they say is true. Theceptive subjects use mild oaths to try and make this statement sound
+[2853.400 --> 2857.880]  more convincing. So deceptive people are more likely than truthful people to sprinkle their
+[2857.880 --> 2864.840]  statements with expressions such as I swear on my honor as God is my witness cross my heart.
+[2864.840 --> 2868.840]  Dressful witnesses are more confident than the facts will prove and will prove the
+[2868.840 --> 2873.960]  veracity of the statements that feel less need to back their statements with oaths. So I had a friend
+[2873.960 --> 2879.320]  who said his wife said to him, I swear on my children's lives I did not have enough fear
+[2879.320 --> 2887.080]  on the stress match she did. So it was such an over promise. It was such an over commitment.
+[2887.080 --> 2891.960]  And you'll see a few if you don't have anything to hide you'll just say it you won't repeat it.
+[2892.680 --> 2899.320]  Euphemisms. Many languages offer alternative terms for almost any actual statement.
+[2899.320 --> 2905.000]  Statements made by guilty parties often include mild vague words rather than their harsh more
+[2905.000 --> 2910.600]  explicit words. So euphemisms would tray the subjects behaviour in a more favourable light
+[2910.600 --> 2916.920]  and minimise any harm the subjects action might have caused. So investigators look for using
+[2917.000 --> 2926.440]  euphemisms to such as missing instead of stolen borrowed instead of took bumped instead of hit
+[2926.440 --> 2933.560]  warned instead of threatened. So can you say once again very very subtle you have to really
+[2933.560 --> 2940.120]  become in tune with your own with your own being okay and then alluding to actions. So people
+[2940.120 --> 2944.520]  might allude to an action without saying that they're actually performed it. So consider the
+[2944.520 --> 2950.040]  following statement from an employee who was questioned about the loss of some valuable data.
+[2950.040 --> 2954.120]  I tried to back up my computer and put away my papers every night before the home.
+[2954.120 --> 2959.960]  Last Tuesday I decided to copy my files onto the network drive and I started putting the papers
+[2959.960 --> 2965.800]  into my desk drawer. I also needed to lock the customers list in the office safe.
+[2966.600 --> 2974.040]  So then the computer the the the the imputer the employee back up her computer.
+[2974.040 --> 2978.760]  Don't you compare files into the network drive. Did you put the papers in the desk drawer?
+[2978.760 --> 2983.880]  Did she lock the customers list in the office while the employee alluded to these actions
+[2983.880 --> 2989.800]  without saying definitely that she completed them and intended investigator should not assume
+[2989.800 --> 2996.200]  that subjects perform every action they alluded to. So can you see if I also don't want to
+[2996.200 --> 3002.600]  take a bit to what I did I will allude to that I did it but you also don't want to assume that
+[3002.600 --> 3010.200]  they did something purely because they alluded to it. So it goes both ways. Okay so we've got
+[3010.200 --> 3016.280]  okay almost 10 minutes left. We did schedule the session for a little bit after 10 so in case
+[3016.280 --> 3023.480]  you've got questions but I did I did want to there is some some exercises here that I want you to do
+[3024.120 --> 3029.880]  before we close today. So let's see when is someone lying in the interview. I movement
+[3029.880 --> 3034.440]  that candidates eyes can tell you a lot about their truthfulness. If a candidate won't look in
+[3034.440 --> 3039.640]  the eyes they might be trying to hide something. See how long they look at you. They might look
+[3039.640 --> 3047.000]  away or frequently shift the the gaze. It could also be a sign of shyness or nervousness or respect.
+[3048.120 --> 3055.000]  So when's the artificial body movement science that may sorry I said that already. If a candidate
+[3055.000 --> 3059.640]  is fidgeting a lot they may they may be lying. This can include tapping or shuffling the feed
+[3059.640 --> 3064.200]  playing with their fingers or shifting their chair. Southern movements might also be a sign of
+[3064.200 --> 3069.240]  lying. For example a candidate who was calm and relatively still suddenly starts fiddling.
+[3070.040 --> 3078.040]  Remember all of these things can also be nervousness and shyness but try to focus on how long
+[3078.040 --> 3083.480]  it is like that. Let biting is another sign that someone might might be lying. It might indicate
+[3083.960 --> 3087.880]  that they are nervous about that they're saying also look for gestures that conflict with what the
+[3087.880 --> 3093.080]  candidate is saying. For example they can confirm that they are trying to experience an excel in job
+[3093.080 --> 3097.720]  duties but while the candidate is saying they are shuffling the feed shaking the heat. Have you
+[3097.720 --> 3105.400]  seen if someone says yes I really do do that. I really I really do that. It's literally because
+[3105.400 --> 3111.320]  the heat is thinking no but they are saying yes. This is very very important one that one.
+[3112.200 --> 3118.440]  Okay. Changes in voice so listen to the candidate's voices they talk how they say things
+[3118.440 --> 3124.360]  is just important as what they are saying. So changes in the candidate's focal pitch might be
+[3124.360 --> 3131.480]  a sign that they lie. For example they might get lower or higher if they lie. They also the candidate's
+[3131.480 --> 3139.080]  tone might change. They are lying. They may get loud become monotone whisper or make tone adjustment.
+[3139.080 --> 3143.880]  Southern pauses or stammering also indications of lies. A candidate might try to
+[3143.880 --> 3151.560]  be stored with time. Also if a candidate is quiet and trying to think don't interrupt
+[3151.560 --> 3157.240]  you think time to think because someone who you know say also just answer quickly you know
+[3158.840 --> 3164.440]  someone could be truthful but a very confident person can be lying but give someone that
+[3164.440 --> 3170.920]  trance even if there's a few minutes of awkward silence leave it it's necessary let them take
+[3170.920 --> 3175.800]  their time to think. So don't think they don't know that's why they're thinking. They're just
+[3175.800 --> 3181.000]  thinking of a good example especially if you're doing a competency-based interview you can even
+[3181.000 --> 3187.400]  tell the entire time to think. Pay attention to what candidates actually say. Listen for the details
+[3187.400 --> 3192.120]  in candidates responses. If there is a lack of details it may be because a candidate doesn't have
+[3192.120 --> 3197.320]  real information to support what they're saying. This is why you do the competency interview.
+[3197.320 --> 3203.400]  Also watch out for the opposite. If a candidate overseers it might be because they're trying to cover
+[3203.400 --> 3208.520]  up the lack of information. So make sure what the candidate says matches what they said on their
+[3208.520 --> 3214.920]  resume. If the interview responds don't match the resume they may have lied in with the interview.
+[3214.920 --> 3221.400]  That's a very practical way to pick up how your interview is going. Then when the
+[3221.400 --> 3226.280]  above tips can help you spot someone lying in a job interview there aren't always accurate indicators
+[3226.280 --> 3232.680]  of the section. Once again don't be too judgmental. Don't be too harsh. Lots of people are just very
+[3233.400 --> 3238.040]  nervous as well. Well some verbal and unverbal signs can tell you that the candidate is lying.
+[3238.040 --> 3244.040]  They might not be a true indicator for all people. To combat this observe the candidate's
+[3244.040 --> 3250.680]  behavior as a whole. So watch for the body language. The responses that deviate from their norm.
+[3250.680 --> 3255.720]  These deviations can tell you more than the typical lives. As for example how did they start the
+[3255.720 --> 3260.600]  interview? How are they in the middle of it and how are they at the end? Rememe the candidates
+[3260.600 --> 3266.040]  might be stressed that they're being interviewed as a result they may exchange. For example
+[3266.040 --> 3270.760]  the candidate might be shifted because they are nervous not because they're lying. You should also
+[3270.760 --> 3276.840]  consider the body language norms of other cultures. So please be aware of that in South Africa as well.
+[3276.840 --> 3283.800]  We've got a lot of cultures. We've got a lot of different norms. So be aware of that and adjust
+[3283.800 --> 3291.080]  and attack. So in one culture we might think if you don't look me in the eye it's the person is not
+[3291.080 --> 3298.440]  assertive it could literally be a sign of respect. Right let's do a questionnaire quickly.
+[3298.440 --> 3303.080]  We've got we've got some time left. I hope you don't have to log out the 10. We did a laugh for a
+[3303.080 --> 3310.040]  few extra minutes off the 10 o'clock but let's do this quiz quickly. Did see how well you do
+[3310.840 --> 3315.560]  with these questions. I must tell you there's a few that I actually got wrong. So
+[3317.880 --> 3322.760]  if you are not so good at it it just shows you you're a normal person. Don't worry about it you are
+[3322.760 --> 3330.120]  not actually supposed to be able to determine people's body language 100%. Then you are wrong already.
+[3330.120 --> 3338.440]  So all we do is learn what does this man's body language portray. So what does he look like?
+[3338.440 --> 3343.960]  Is it shame? Is it confidence? Is it sadness? Is it nervousness?
+[3346.120 --> 3353.880]  Is it shame? Is it confidence? Is it sadness or nervousness? So you can type a question in the
+[3353.880 --> 3359.720]  question in the block. I don't know if I'll be able to see it. So Lin if you see any people typing
+[3359.720 --> 3366.360]  anything please read it out to me. I would like to know what it is that you think about this guy.
+[3366.360 --> 3375.080]  So can you see that I would probably I would have gone with nervousness but there is also a little
+[3375.080 --> 3382.200]  bit of don't you think it's a little bit more than nervousness you know like almost like he's
+[3382.200 --> 3390.120]  done something wrong but yes why did we get there we do have some comments so we've got shame
+[3390.120 --> 3395.560]  nervousness sadness nervousness comes out quite often there's a lot of comments this nervousness
+[3396.360 --> 3401.960]  is also sadness again. Yes shame or nervousness yeah that's the majority.
+[3402.760 --> 3410.360]  And so for me as well I would say I it's obviously like a type of nervousness but I do feel
+[3410.360 --> 3417.960]  there's a ting off shame or something else there. I can't really put my finger on it but I think
+[3417.960 --> 3424.200]  the the the answer when I researched it was nervousness but I agree with some of you I feel like
+[3424.200 --> 3428.200]  there's a little bit more than nervousness it's almost feel like he's done something wrong you know
+[3428.200 --> 3433.880]  like a shameful thing but anyway so nail biting is a common body language and you know if people
+[3433.880 --> 3442.520]  sit like that it is a common sign of nervousness so also if you go for an interview or if you are
+[3442.520 --> 3447.640]  anywhere keep your fingers out of your mouth that's the first sign so if you see yourself going like
+[3447.640 --> 3453.880]  I take it out because you know that's the first sign that people look at but I agree with you I
+[3453.880 --> 3459.480]  don't think it's purely nervousness with him I thought there was a little something extra there
+[3459.560 --> 3465.640]  like it did something wrong anyway if someone's feet is pointing towards you do they show interest
+[3465.640 --> 3474.440]  or does interest in you so if someone's feet is pointing towards you do they show interest or
+[3474.440 --> 3479.480]  does interest in you right so shall you tell me what you get today what are people typing
+[3480.200 --> 3487.000]  these are the comments coming in as interest right so interest is that is that your
+[3487.080 --> 3493.640]  you know last and final answer you want a phone a friend let's see what the what the answer is
+[3494.600 --> 3500.360]  so feet pointing towards someone is generally a good sign of mutual attraction or interest
+[3500.360 --> 3506.680]  in large group settings the most charismatic person will usually have the most feet pointing to
+[3506.680 --> 3513.080]  them however if a person feels uncomfortable or disinterested and wants to leave the feet maybe
+[3513.240 --> 3519.240]  pointing away towards the exit so be aware of this as well because someone may still be talking to you
+[3519.960 --> 3525.240]  not wanting to be rude but the body language shows that they want to go so you know sometimes
+[3525.240 --> 3530.600]  people you know they feel comfortable to you know to just walk away but they know they they need to
+[3530.600 --> 3536.680]  because they need to have to go do something so pay attention to that right next one when someone
+[3536.680 --> 3547.160]  is sitting in this position what does that mean does that mean happiness fear confidence excitement
+[3548.120 --> 3558.520]  why do you say happiness fear confidence excitement so my honest I wasn't entirely sure when I
+[3558.520 --> 3564.120]  saw this because there is a specific answer but I thought you know what it depends on the context
+[3564.120 --> 3569.880]  it could have been something else as well but Charlie you can read me the responses at you getting
+[3570.760 --> 3581.240]  okay so we're getting fear confidence and someone says it also means they mean business
+[3582.280 --> 3592.040]  yes okay any other comment that says it could be excitement yes so I also I found this one
+[3592.600 --> 3598.520]  difficult because and I think I actually had it initially wrong because I some people
+[3598.520 --> 3604.360]  stood like that when it's on the conference and they do mean business but I also thought this could
+[3604.360 --> 3611.160]  be a possible fear you know if I if I I'm not convincing you of my point and I really need to get you
+[3611.720 --> 3618.040]  to to come to my point of view but let's look at the formal answer that they're giving us so the
+[3618.040 --> 3624.440]  correct answer is confidence the hand gesture is called steeply I do think it would because can
+[3624.440 --> 3631.160]  you see in this picture the guys the his body and his head is cut off I think if we had that it
+[3631.160 --> 3637.240]  may give us more I mean I think if we had a frown on his face it may be I want to convince you
+[3637.240 --> 3644.040]  of my point of view maybe more fear but confidence if you maybe had a smile on his face so I would
+[3644.040 --> 3649.560]  have liked to have more context but they do say the hand gesture is called steepling and steeply
+[3649.560 --> 3654.760]  no cause when someone is typically feeling confident and in charge I mean I don't know if you can
+[3654.760 --> 3660.200]  go into an interview and sit like this I think that you look out for the hands so hands could be
+[3660.200 --> 3666.360]  on the lap but I think if you on a table even if you said I do think that looks quite confident so
+[3666.360 --> 3672.600]  the higher someone holds the steeple apparently the more confident they feel so the higher
+[3674.040 --> 3679.160]  all right and you will see you will very see steepling from a subordinate in front of a boss
+[3679.160 --> 3684.440]  or someone who is unconfident in what they are saying so if someone is steepling in a sales
+[3684.440 --> 3690.360]  negotiation they might feel like they have the upper hand so I think it depends on the whole
+[3690.360 --> 3695.000]  the whole body I think if someone sits on a table like this I think they would be dominant
+[3695.000 --> 3704.040]  confident I would listen so be aware of that one now is this a genuine smile
+[3705.400 --> 3708.520]  so is this a genuine smile
+[3712.040 --> 3720.200]  so I thought we were getting this and no yeah yes okay so you've got Jesus and
+[3720.200 --> 3727.560]  nose are there are there Jesus more than the nose no we've got more nose than yes
+[3728.440 --> 3737.400]  all right so when I also saw this I thought so so a genuine smile is the turning up of the
+[3737.400 --> 3743.400]  mouth corners and eyebrows lifted because you're open you're relaxed he's for me did feel a
+[3743.400 --> 3748.200]  little forced so I think that's maybe why some of you are saying no as well because I didn't feel
+[3748.200 --> 3755.880]  it could be a little bit forced but let's let's look at what the the the answer says so this is a
+[3755.880 --> 3764.840]  fake smile but can you see how how you look at it in its 50-50 because you know it can go it can go
+[3764.840 --> 3772.920]  either way but so the real answer is it's a fake smile real genial smile is genuine smiles to begin
+[3772.920 --> 3778.360]  you have an indicator that is known as the machine marker versus one causes the corners of the
+[3778.360 --> 3786.520]  eyes to form wrinkles so even though so a genuine smile would have the eyebrows raised a little
+[3786.520 --> 3794.760]  but they would be wrinkles under the eyes of which which the cross feet that shows real relaxation
+[3795.320 --> 3802.360]  so if a person smiling but lacks this indicator they may be smiling just to be polite or
+[3802.360 --> 3808.600]  faking it or does that's not make you think a little bit of Chris Watts when you know he was like
+[3808.600 --> 3815.720]  I just want them back you know yeah I don't know if one can compare it but you know what I mean
+[3816.280 --> 3820.360]  but but also you know someone could be faking a face mask because they may be having a real
+[3820.360 --> 3825.320]  busy day and you know you are talking and they really want to keep going and get busy so
+[3826.600 --> 3832.280]  look again at your context look at your context I have also had smiles like that because
+[3832.360 --> 3838.360]  I'm so nervous and I didn't know it with the thing went well oh not so don't once again be too
+[3838.360 --> 3844.200]  harsh if someone has given you one of these something into the world so another question what does
+[3844.200 --> 3850.200]  it mean when someone puts a pin glasses or nails in a mask when they're talking so if you look at
+[3850.200 --> 3857.960]  this picture what does it mean when a person puts a pin glasses or nails in a mask when they are
+[3857.960 --> 3868.600]  talking how would you interpret it so getting are commenting that they're thinking they're wondering
+[3868.600 --> 3875.800]  contemplating considering stress concentration nervous paying attention thinking contemplating
+[3875.800 --> 3891.400]  thinking unsure nervous yes yes stressor overwounds yes yes poor hygiene yes that's a good one
+[3891.400 --> 3898.040]  that's why you have to keep your fingers out of your mouth poor hygiene so let's look at the answer
+[3898.040 --> 3903.720]  most people put objects in in or near their mouth when they are anxious tens or stress
+[3904.680 --> 3911.240]  in this picture she looks anxious and nervous to me but there's also an eagerness to try and
+[3911.240 --> 3918.920]  understand what's going on so maybe be aware of when someone is putting when they're answering
+[3918.920 --> 3924.280]  about what it is that they can do and then they're putting something in their mouth but it is
+[3924.280 --> 3930.040]  quite interesting it's quite an infantile thing because a baby puts you know something in their
+[3930.040 --> 3936.680]  mouth I know you you might criticize me for saying this but but it is quite a primitive instinctive
+[3936.680 --> 3942.760]  thing to do it's it's very infantile it's like a soothing thing that's maybe a better way to
+[3942.760 --> 3949.240]  type of soothing maybe like when Chris was trying to soothing self like this it could be you know
+[3949.240 --> 3955.160]  a soothing thing so once again you don't have to judge someone too harshly because it is a it is a
+[3955.160 --> 3961.400]  way of of maybe trying to calm themselves down if they're anxious but but be aware of what they're
+[3961.400 --> 3966.920]  saying when they're doing that like you know I just want them back like Chris once said yeah good
+[3966.920 --> 3974.680]  as he was lying terribly so the bits of what you were talking about what is being said and how the
+[3974.680 --> 3982.840]  person's actions was just before this right which other part of the body do people touch to
+[3982.840 --> 3991.320]  indicate sincerity so if you look at these pictures would it be one two three four or five so
+[3991.320 --> 3999.000]  which part of the body do people touch to indicate sincerity so are you getting this?
+[3999.960 --> 4013.080]  five yes five or large number five number three well majority within five and three or five yes five four or five
+[4014.520 --> 4023.080]  yes so this is very ambiguous these pictures because I think I also I had a combination of the three
+[4023.080 --> 4030.680]  and the five I was also sort of thinking of four but the real answer is the old Lee Shi touching the
+[4030.680 --> 4037.960]  heart so so in this case it was that but you know also also like that it's it's also quite a touching
+[4037.960 --> 4043.240]  your arm is quite a nice sort of you know what showing something but anyway in this particular
+[4045.160 --> 4050.840]  gesture it was touching the heart okay I think that was our last question let me just see okay I think
+[4050.840 --> 4055.960]  there was there was there's one or two more just for you guys who has appointments there's someone
+[4055.960 --> 4062.120]  with closed arms demonstrate anxiety or nervousness so if you look at this guy he doesn't
+[4062.120 --> 4072.680]  look particularly nervous to me why do you say that is it anxiety nervousness what else do you see
+[4072.760 --> 4085.960]  so Lee what are you seeing Lee okay we're getting anxiety confidence it looked like he's the
+[4085.960 --> 4097.880]  boss trimming he looks happy confidence confidence unsure nervous confident okay so in this case
+[4098.680 --> 4106.040]  often often this would be nervousness with this picture I I do see more confidence I see dominance
+[4106.040 --> 4111.960]  so let's let's see what they say so crossed arms is the body language for many different things
+[4111.960 --> 4118.600]  so someone can be angry in deep concess and deep concentration feeling cold or simply resting
+[4118.600 --> 4124.040]  their arms it does not necessarily mean somebody's closed also so pay attention to that to your
+[4124.040 --> 4131.640]  context again okay let me just see goodness oh I'm giving you the answers but I just wanted to I
+[4131.640 --> 4137.560]  know that I need to finish now I think this I think this was the last one which are the
+[4137.560 --> 4145.240]  following body language issues signals anger the head tilt it forwards eyebrows lowered eyes
+[4145.240 --> 4152.520]  narrowed most through the ones master the one side and hands on the hips so if you look at I you
+[4152.520 --> 4157.480]  probably saw the saw the answers now but if you had to look at I know she's mocking a little bit
+[4157.480 --> 4164.680]  yeah but if you had to look at all of these languages or body languages why do you see
+[4165.400 --> 4170.760]  why which of the five things that I'm mentioning here would suggest anger
+[4172.120 --> 4180.840]  so the comments are all of them okay so let's go to the answer it is all of them okay so we are
+[4180.840 --> 4188.200]  finally finished I'm sorry that I went slightly but over our time I just want to stop sharing
+[4188.200 --> 4192.840]  here because I want to see if you've got any questions is there any questions I know some of you
+[4192.840 --> 4199.880]  need to go now but please tell me if there's any questions or any things that you want to ask
+[4199.880 --> 4206.040]  me about it about interviews you can quickly do so now I'm sorry if we drain out of time and you're
+[4206.120 --> 4212.520]  only to go to to meetings and things also tell me if there's anything else you would like to see
+[4213.320 --> 4218.040]  any other topic that you would like to see that we talk about that's related that you are
+[4218.040 --> 4224.200]  curious about and we will work on it and we will add it so anyone who's got questions before you go
+[4225.720 --> 4234.680]  anyone who's got questions for me now is your time okay so there is someone who's hand is up
+[4235.240 --> 4241.800]  can you type it for us in the Q&A or you can even unmute yourself I don't know if that's
+[4241.800 --> 4253.480]  possible if you want to unmute yourself and I'm muted Celia okay perfect thank you so much Celia
+[4253.480 --> 4258.200]  so quick question and my side I found this very interesting very insightful very exciting so
+[4258.200 --> 4264.520]  thank you so much something I realized as I did this was I think I've got a good feel for
+[4265.080 --> 4271.960]  if I focus on it that I understand and can draw information from body language however
+[4271.960 --> 4277.400]  I realize me as a person I'm not really fixated on body language I feel like I'm a I mean
+[4277.400 --> 4282.440]  business kind of person I'm a you know straightforward person like okay I'm going to ask you and
+[4282.440 --> 4286.120]  I'm going to you know just wait on your response or whatever and you know what you see is what you
+[4286.120 --> 4292.760]  get kinder so I'm not inclined to want to assess beyond that what would you suggest in how I work
+[4292.760 --> 4297.720]  on that because I definitely think it's very revealing very important very helpful in terms of
+[4297.720 --> 4302.200]  assessing out a situation etc so yeah it was very interesting for me to note and in fact I've
+[4302.200 --> 4308.440]  realized it as well about myself I'm not fixated on those kind of observations I literally just
+[4308.440 --> 4312.760]  want to resolve things then in their conversation and communication but perhaps I'm also
+[4312.840 --> 4319.080]  in adjustments to processes by just not stepping into that aspect how would you advise that we
+[4319.080 --> 4325.480]  work on that aspect of things thank you so much okay so that is a very good statement and I think
+[4325.480 --> 4332.920]  a lot of people do that but where you can benefit is you can get a little bit more of a upper hand
+[4332.920 --> 4339.400]  if you integrate what you are seeing and talking about with some of the nonverbal signals because
+[4339.400 --> 4344.920]  you could have an employee that's got a problem with someone or with something they've got an issue
+[4344.920 --> 4350.840]  and what you want to do is logically listen to everything that they say but an ability to read
+[4350.840 --> 4358.440]  between the lines is beneficial for you because you can get to your problem solving quickly if you
+[4358.440 --> 4363.720]  can see the person it looks like they are withholding something that it looks like they want to say
+[4363.720 --> 4367.800]  something but they're holding it back and you both agree now it's fine you're just she's going to
+[4367.800 --> 4374.520]  do the work or whatever and if you could ask an extra question is that is that really all you
+[4374.520 --> 4380.040]  want to say say anything else you want to say then you can actually get to your problem solving
+[4380.040 --> 4385.480]  quicker and solve things is that so it will benefit you and what I would suggest what I did
+[4385.480 --> 4391.480]  because I'm not I'm definitely not an expert but because I read up on these things and I read more
+[4391.480 --> 4397.480]  about it I would be very aware of when people first they love so put their hands to their face
+[4397.480 --> 4404.200]  in a small little things like this or trying to suit themselves or a fidgeting small small things
+[4404.200 --> 4411.320]  like that you don't have to solve if be eye cases and things but little bits if you can see someone
+[4411.320 --> 4418.040]  open their mouth but then decided to keep quiet small gesture like that could tell you this problem
+[4418.040 --> 4423.560]  is not solved let me give let me sit it down let's talk about it it will benefit you so that you
+[4423.560 --> 4429.320]  can get closer to your problems that you want to solve I hope that helps you
+[4434.520 --> 4439.080]  thank you so much Cedar I thought what was very helpful was even if I suddenly remember in the
+[4439.080 --> 4444.120]  engagement that hey I forgot to consider that aspect the isle and opportunity for me to
+[4444.120 --> 4448.920]  assess it out by even opening further engagement by asking hey do you have any further inputs is
+[4448.920 --> 4454.040]  anything else on your mind and then feel specifically in that so thank you for I love when one
+[4454.040 --> 4459.400]  gives tangible steps to how one can achieve something will just be pleased that in mind be blessed
+[4459.400 --> 4465.640]  thank you and you're going to see that just by those probing curious questions the information
+[4465.640 --> 4471.960]  you're going to get back you will be surprised yes but I'm glad you enjoyed it anyone else who wants to
+[4472.040 --> 4480.200]  speak up he is another hand reason I did allow them the mic Amir okay
+[4484.520 --> 4490.920]  sorry my my mic on my side was muted so I started talking to you to myself yeah
+[4491.800 --> 4495.560]  thank you so much it was very informative I would like to know
+[4496.520 --> 4505.800]  um in the sense of my face is the talk at the face which is which is sometimes very problematic
+[4505.800 --> 4514.520]  because I show my feelings and you can read me very easily where I would like you not to read me very
+[4514.520 --> 4521.880]  easily how do you control something like that so become aware of the things that you're doing that
+[4522.680 --> 4528.440]  that you don't want people to see for example I know for women in business or maybe men as well
+[4528.440 --> 4537.400]  we we smile quite a lot and it could make you look maybe more submissive or friendly where you are
+[4537.400 --> 4543.720]  actually not you are maybe determined and you are confident and you want this to be done but say
+[4543.720 --> 4551.080]  for example smiling a lot or talking too much to avoid the uncomfortable silences so become aware
+[4551.240 --> 4557.480]  of those and then change them in the moment but practice it for example if you know now I would have
+[4558.040 --> 4562.760]  tried to fill in the uncomfortable silence by talking so many to waffle you know to fill in the
+[4562.760 --> 4572.360]  uncomfortable silence or interrupting um or whatever or you know smiling too much or like with me
+[4572.360 --> 4579.480]  with a hands you know I you know become aware of that and then just practice it practice just
+[4579.480 --> 4586.680]  awareness is going to get you there yeah because I find that some people say um I'm unapproachable
+[4586.680 --> 4591.880]  because you see me frown or you see determination on my mouth I'm not going to
+[4593.080 --> 4599.720]  you're smiling also about that I'm not going to accept what you're saying now um and I would
+[4599.720 --> 4607.560]  like yeah I would just like to to be a little bit more aware my awareness I need to raise my
+[4607.640 --> 4613.880]  awareness of how my body language is towards other people and and you can practice that practice but
+[4613.880 --> 4619.400]  by becoming aware of what your face looks like if you smiley become aware of it when you are
+[4619.400 --> 4625.480]  said become aware of your face and your body posture and where your hands are just become aware of
+[4625.480 --> 4633.480]  that is emotional intelligence so that will get you better at this thank you will you yes
+[4634.200 --> 4644.360]  okay anyone else so while people are maybe typing or thinking I hope to see you in the next
+[4644.360 --> 4651.560]  stations keeping eye out for the invites from a talk or from myself um they are more things
+[4651.560 --> 4656.840]  that's related you know maybe we can look at competency-based interviews again for those who
+[4657.800 --> 4665.080]  don't do that yet that's a fantastic practical thing to do okay anyone else has got a question
+[4665.080 --> 4673.080]  before we log off you can get the report it's one of the chat function which asks what is your
+[4673.080 --> 4679.560]  advice on misinterpreting your body language during an interview or meeting I feel that may
+[4680.280 --> 4685.240]  I feel that may have an advantage unfair to said vantages towards the people
+[4685.720 --> 4695.480]  okay so is a question if how do you deal with it if you have wrongly read someone's body language
+[4696.280 --> 4703.880]  okay so all you want to do is become aware of that because remember that when we say be objective
+[4703.880 --> 4710.040]  objective it is very difficult we are all subjective even if you are trying to be as objective
+[4710.040 --> 4714.440]  as you possibly can someone told me the other day even your handwriting differs from the
+[4714.520 --> 4722.280]  guy next to you how can you claim to be objective so you can try as much as you can and just try your
+[4722.280 --> 4728.760]  best and and go with it because if you are uncertain don't act on it if you are uncertain and you think
+[4728.760 --> 4735.000]  someone is lying to you you can take a next step by doing psychometric testing um but but if you
+[4735.000 --> 4743.080]  have read someone's wrong um can I ask was there like a consequence before we for example you
+[4743.240 --> 4749.720]  employed the wrong person was there a disastrous consequence or or did you just make a judgment
+[4749.720 --> 4756.840]  error and you fixed it by yourself because um let me just see if I can read the
+[4758.600 --> 4766.920]  yeah I can't read your the the the the question but what I try to do is I try to read as much as
+[4766.920 --> 4772.840]  I can but I back it up with competency-based questions and any other information that you can get
+[4772.840 --> 4780.040]  like psychometric information also if you get a gut feel don't ignore your gut feel back it up with
+[4781.240 --> 4788.040]  psychometric or anything else phone calls reference checking that type of thing um but if you have made
+[4788.040 --> 4794.440]  a mistake if you know forgive yourself if you've made a mistake because sometimes um don't
+[4794.440 --> 4800.520]  happens but also don't ignore the the the warning signals we might be wrong about the warning
+[4801.240 --> 4806.680]  you can just try your best and and as wrong as you know your processes or as effective as it can be
+[4806.680 --> 4814.520]  by during your reference checks really reading the CV really reading the CV then competency-based
+[4814.520 --> 4820.520]  interviews the psychometric assessment if you do all of those things you can gather good information
+[4820.520 --> 4826.680]  to build a case but but you might still get things wrong and then if you get things wrong that's
+[4826.680 --> 4832.440]  also okay you're not you're not super woman or superman that can see in the future or
+[4833.240 --> 4838.280]  you don't have a crystal ball um did I answer your question or was it anything else
+[4850.440 --> 4855.320]  okay so there's some people who say um oh you say that question why did you advise
+[4855.320 --> 4859.880]  on the missing to bring a body language hearing interview or meeting I feel that I may have
+[4859.880 --> 4871.240]  an unfair as long as towards the person no you must think that it's an unfair disadvantage towards
+[4871.240 --> 4876.600]  it more supposing because also remember in an interview you need to be able to protect the
+[4876.600 --> 4882.840]  organization as well and get the skill that you actually need and you will hit the miss you will
+[4882.840 --> 4890.920]  hit the miss but back up your your interview process with psychometrics or reference checks or whatever
+[4892.520 --> 4898.520]  yeah it you may feel now that you haven't unfair disadvantage towards the person but three months
+[4898.520 --> 4903.560]  down the line that person costs you a lot of money because you have to go to the CCMA so you know
+[4903.560 --> 4909.560]  it goes both ways it goes both ways don't be too hard on yourself all right but if there's no other
+[4909.560 --> 4914.920]  questions I see there's a lot of people that needs to log off um please check out for the next
+[4914.920 --> 4921.240]  webinars um and let us know if there's anything else you want to see that we've not covered we
+[4921.240 --> 4926.600]  we are open to developing more stuff for you and then we will see you soon um keep an eye
+[4926.600 --> 4932.840]  art on your newsletters I hope you have a brilliant Wednesday relax go make some coffee now
+[4933.560 --> 4937.000]  and um just have a fantastic race of the week
+[4939.560 --> 4941.820]  you

transcript/webinar_pgdUIN8BAAg.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,804 @@
+[0.000 --> 5.680]  Good afternoon and welcome to today's industry presented webinar secrets to enhancing shoulder
+[5.680 --> 10.680]  strength and function, a few housekeeping things before we get started.
+[10.680 --> 14.360]  This is a voiceover IP webinar meaning it's totally web-based.
+[14.360 --> 19.760]  If you experience audio difficulties or if the video begins to buffer it's likely caused
+[19.760 --> 22.400]  by the strength of your internet signal.
+[22.400 --> 27.000]  If you are having issues try logging off and logging back on.
+[27.000 --> 30.920]  If you have a question during the webinar please type it into the question area within
+[30.920 --> 36.720]  the go-to webinar navigation and we'll get to as many as we can at the end of the presentation.
+[36.720 --> 41.080]  If your question goes unanswered we'll take additional questions from today's webinar
+[41.080 --> 46.040]  and post answers as a blog on the ACSM website at a later date.
+[46.040 --> 50.000]  We also encourage you to join the conversation about today's webinar on Twitter by using
+[50.000 --> 54.080]  the hashtag ACSMWebinar.
+[54.080 --> 59.200]  Today's webinar is by Functional Movement Systems Incorporated.
+[59.200 --> 63.080]  Functional movement systems is an education company that produces and promotes principles
+[63.080 --> 68.800]  and methodologies to enhance movement as individuals engage in physical activity.
+[68.800 --> 73.560]  They are committed to giving fitness, healthcare and performance professionals actionable steps
+[73.560 --> 79.360]  to help people around the world first move well then move often.
+[79.360 --> 85.040]  When continuing education credit or CEC, courtesy of Functional Movement Systems will be
+[85.040 --> 88.280]  emailed to all participants after the webinar.
+[88.280 --> 92.760]  You should receive the CEC email and a link to the presentation within the next one to
+[92.760 --> 93.760]  two days.
+[93.760 --> 100.800]  There's no need to email asking, there's no need to email ACSM asking about CEC credits.
+[100.800 --> 105.360]  During this presentation Dr. Lee Burton will provide insight into how to create a better
+[105.360 --> 110.080]  foundation for individuals seeking to improve and enhance their shoulder and upper body
+[110.080 --> 111.080]  function.
+[111.080 --> 117.360]  People discuss strategies that are designed to target areas often over lift that when
+[117.360 --> 121.600]  address will build a path for improved strengths and durability.
+[121.600 --> 126.000]  Dr. Burton has an extensive background in sports medicine and strength and conditioning.
+[126.000 --> 131.280]  He currently consults with a wide variety of professional sports organizations as well
+[131.280 --> 135.720]  as leading health and fitness facilities on injury prevention and performance enhancement.
+[135.720 --> 141.720]  He lectures both nationally and internationally on various topics in the field of sports medicine
+[141.720 --> 143.920]  and strength and conditioning.
+[143.920 --> 149.840]  Dr. Burton is a certified athletic trainer, certified strength and conditioning specialist
+[149.840 --> 153.320]  in one of the founding owners of Functional Movement Systems.
+[153.320 --> 156.800]  It is with great pleasure that we present to you Dr. Lee Burton.
+[162.280 --> 165.440]  Thank you, Katie.
+[165.440 --> 167.640]  And I want to thank everyone for joining today.
+[167.640 --> 168.640]  I really appreciate the opportunity.
+[168.640 --> 174.000]  I want to really thank ACSM for giving me this opportunity as well to come and speak
+[174.000 --> 176.880]  about shoulder strength and function.
+[176.880 --> 182.680]  It's definitely a topic that anyone that is walking into the gym or thinking about beginning
+[182.680 --> 185.600]  a fitness regime or regiment is considering.
+[185.600 --> 189.840]  So it's certainly a topic that everyone has some opinions on.
+[189.840 --> 194.320]  So hopefully I'll share some of mine today and some of the principles that we at FMS
+[194.320 --> 198.240]  follow and hopefully that you'll take away some of the tidbits today.
+[198.240 --> 201.200]  So I really appreciate this opportunity.
+[201.200 --> 202.680]  Just a little bit more about my background.
+[202.680 --> 205.960]  Katie, I really appreciate that intro for me.
+[205.960 --> 210.680]  But my background is athletic training, sports medicine.
+[210.680 --> 215.360]  I started my career working at a high school as an athletic trainer and then went to university
+[215.360 --> 220.000]  setting as an athletic trainer and charge the athletic training curriculum.
+[220.000 --> 225.720]  And more recently I've taken over pretty much the primary role of running our functional
+[225.720 --> 232.320]  movement systems, which is pretty much a seminar and a consulting business that we try
+[232.320 --> 237.680]  to go out and try to talk more about functional movement and how to get people moving a little
+[237.680 --> 238.680]  bit better.
+[238.680 --> 241.240]  And I think that's what we're all trying to do.
+[241.240 --> 242.240]  But let's jump right in.
+[242.640 --> 244.520]  We've got about 45 minutes or so.
+[244.520 --> 249.240]  Hopefully get some questions answered and really talk about what are we trying to accomplish
+[249.240 --> 250.240]  with the shoulder?
+[250.240 --> 253.800]  And I think too often people walking to the gym and just thinking about doing some overhead
+[253.800 --> 259.000]  presses or doing some bench pressing, forward presses, whatever the case may be.
+[259.000 --> 263.360]  And that's what they assume what they need to do to get the shoulder stronger and more
+[263.360 --> 264.720]  functional.
+[264.720 --> 269.840]  And for some people that may be where they should start, that may be what they should
+[269.840 --> 270.840]  be doing.
+[271.080 --> 275.480]  And often many of us may include it, aren't sure where to start with a lot of these individuals
+[275.480 --> 277.440]  that we're working with.
+[277.440 --> 281.840]  We're talking about the shoulder, we don't want to make too many assumptions.
+[281.840 --> 285.440]  We have to figure out what the goal is for the individual.
+[285.440 --> 289.680]  If it is to get more strength in the rubber body, then there's certain things we need to
+[289.680 --> 295.120]  consider potentially first before we even hand them away, before we prescribe and exercise.
+[295.120 --> 299.400]  And that's really what I want to talk about today is really thinking about not only how
+[299.400 --> 305.240]  to strengthen and produce a more functional and durable shoulder, but given overall view
+[305.240 --> 310.280]  of what else we need to consider if we're talking about specifically the upper body training
+[310.280 --> 314.280]  that most of us again want and need to do.
+[314.280 --> 319.680]  But we need to consider movement and function and how movement and just functional movements
+[319.680 --> 322.720]  and positions affect the shoulder and vice versa.
+[322.720 --> 325.360]  How does things we do with the shoulder affect movement?
+[325.760 --> 329.680]  But we need to think about just general movements or what we do every day.
+[329.680 --> 330.840]  There's nothing specific.
+[330.840 --> 333.040]  It's really how do we accomplish our daily activities?
+[333.040 --> 334.440]  Are we active?
+[334.440 --> 339.720]  And too often many of us assume we've got to go into gym to get in our exercise when a
+[339.720 --> 342.400]  lot of times we can just increase our activity level.
+[342.400 --> 346.560]  And if we increase our activity levels sometimes that takes care a lot of the issues and a lot
+[346.560 --> 349.080]  of the things that we want to have happen.
+[349.080 --> 352.640]  But we really have to think about things that we do in the shoulder every day and the upper
+[352.640 --> 353.640]  body every day.
+[354.240 --> 357.760]  And a lot of times again we assume that it's about playing sports.
+[357.760 --> 362.200]  We assume about activities that we're going to do in the weight room or playing tennis
+[362.200 --> 363.720]  or playing golf.
+[363.720 --> 368.400]  And a lot of us, again the clients and the people and athletes, even athletes that we train,
+[368.400 --> 372.360]  use their shoulders in a variety of ways throughout the day.
+[372.360 --> 376.200]  As we go through our daily activities we're putting our shoulders and our upper body in
+[376.200 --> 378.320]  a very stressful position.
+[378.320 --> 382.840]  And we have to understand that that based off what the potentially the lower body is doing
+[382.840 --> 387.400]  in our core and other things, how much stress does that place on the body?
+[387.400 --> 391.240]  How much stress will we put it on the body throughout the day in our activities?
+[391.240 --> 394.640]  And not just our activities but our jobs.
+[394.640 --> 399.720]  Because our job requires us to get in certain positions that place our shoulders in a
+[399.720 --> 402.080]  very, or upper body in a very vulnerable position.
+[402.080 --> 405.040]  And we put a lot of stress on those areas of the body.
+[405.040 --> 407.640]  That may dictate how we train the person.
+[407.640 --> 412.560]  If the person is doing certain activities throughout the day that requires them to lift over
+[412.600 --> 417.680]  head or twist their bodies, that may also impact how we want to train them.
+[417.680 --> 422.880]  So if I'm in a job for example, or even an athlete that requires me to move a certain
+[422.880 --> 423.880]  direction.
+[423.880 --> 428.400]  So if I'm in a position or a job that requires me to move right throughout the day, well
+[428.400 --> 433.560]  during that job throughout the day I'm moving right all day, that may require or create
+[433.560 --> 435.600]  an asymmetry in the body.
+[435.600 --> 439.480]  Well that didn't leave me to understand maybe why I maybe have some problems or what I
+[439.480 --> 443.280]  need to do in the weight room or during my training to maybe offset some of those things
+[443.280 --> 444.280]  I'm doing.
+[444.280 --> 448.200]  If I'm an overhand athlete or a tennis player that's right side dominant, there's things
+[448.200 --> 454.600]  I'm doing during my activity that certainly will impact how I'm moving without that activity.
+[454.600 --> 459.440]  But also what I need to consider when prescribing some activities in the weight room and during
+[459.440 --> 460.440]  training.
+[460.440 --> 463.360]  So these are things we need to also look at when we're thinking about movement, just
+[463.360 --> 465.040]  general movement and function.
+[465.040 --> 468.760]  How does our general movement and function impact our shoulder?
+[468.840 --> 474.800]  How does the lower body or lower body problems impact things we may need to do in the shoulders
+[474.800 --> 475.800]  or an upper body?
+[475.800 --> 479.160]  Or how many compensations that may need to lead us to do?
+[479.160 --> 483.080]  We have to understand that what's happening in the upper body impacts the lower body
+[483.080 --> 484.520]  and vice versa.
+[484.520 --> 489.080]  If I'm requiring myself to get down lower my center of gravity whether it's a squat or
+[489.080 --> 495.560]  a lunge and do something, whatever that something is pick up my kids, pick up some toys on
+[495.640 --> 503.320]  the job, then how can lower that center of gravity directly affected by my ability to use
+[503.320 --> 505.280]  my hips, my knees.
+[505.280 --> 509.720]  But if my job requires it or if I'm required to get lower my center of gravity and my
+[509.720 --> 514.160]  lower body doesn't move properly, then I'm going to have to use my upper body more.
+[514.160 --> 519.040]  I'm going to have to sacrifice maybe some stability in my upper body, maybe have to use
+[519.040 --> 523.400]  a little bit extra range of motion in my upper body to get down in that position because
+[523.400 --> 525.000]  my lower body doesn't move.
+[525.000 --> 528.180]  And those are things we've got to consider when we talk about just general movement and
+[528.180 --> 530.800]  function to all of this is affected.
+[530.800 --> 536.600]  And certainly we start accelerating or maybe a better word would be, but we're trying
+[536.600 --> 538.760]  to increase that activity level.
+[538.760 --> 543.080]  We're trying to get into higher levels of activity like sports or athletics running to
+[543.080 --> 544.480]  the higher level.
+[544.480 --> 548.840]  Then certainly the shoulders and upper body are going to be impacted or will impact what's
+[548.840 --> 550.080]  going to lower body.
+[550.080 --> 554.760]  Because obviously when we're talking about amulation, just simply walking the upper body
+[554.760 --> 557.160]  helps create that momentum.
+[557.160 --> 560.400]  And when we start running the upper body and help create some of that momentum.
+[560.400 --> 564.000]  So we have to understand that we're not just talking about one area of the body.
+[564.000 --> 568.080]  We're talking about how that one area of the body impacts and impacts other areas of
+[568.080 --> 569.080]  the body.
+[569.080 --> 570.680]  And this concept is really not new.
+[570.680 --> 572.080]  It's a really a basic concept.
+[572.080 --> 573.840]  It's been around for years and years.
+[573.840 --> 576.680]  I think Vladimir Yandr really spoke about this fact.
+[576.680 --> 582.080]  I'll say in the late 60s or mid 60s, talk about this idea of regional interdependence.
+[582.640 --> 587.120]  And this idea about regional interdependence is really how what I just described, we talked
+[587.120 --> 592.680]  about movement and function, how one particular joint or area of the body or region of the body
+[592.680 --> 598.600]  is impacted by what's going on in other specific joints or areas of the body.
+[598.600 --> 602.360]  So we're talking about the upper body or specifically the shoulders today.
+[602.360 --> 606.200]  What's going on, or how the shoulder works and operates is going to be directly impacted
+[606.200 --> 610.240]  on what's going on in the hand, what's going on in the cervical spine or neck, and what's
+[610.240 --> 612.040]  going on in the thoracic spine.
+[612.040 --> 615.480]  So that's the idea of regional interdependence, but we can take it a step further because
+[615.480 --> 619.320]  if we really think about movement, if I'm going to prom in the lower body, I'm going to
+[619.320 --> 624.720]  prom in my ankle as an example, or even my big toe, my great, you know, that first metal
+[624.720 --> 629.000]  truss of planja joint, which people kind of forget until it becomes a problem, even
+[629.000 --> 635.040]  something is kind of smaller areas that is can impact what's going on my upper extremities.
+[635.040 --> 638.240]  If I don't have good ankle mobility, I'm going to have to reach a little bit further
+[638.240 --> 642.680]  out to get that glass of water or reach a little further out to get those keys if I'm
+[642.680 --> 643.680]  standing.
+[643.680 --> 648.760]  So we have to understand that everything is impacted by certain other areas of the body.
+[648.760 --> 650.600]  And that's an idea of regional interdependence.
+[650.600 --> 654.440]  And if you look at this image, you notice that we really, every other area of the body
+[654.440 --> 657.400]  is impacted by the other with this mobile stable.
+[657.400 --> 662.200]  So if we look at generally speaking, certain joints or certain areas have a tendency or
+[662.200 --> 664.640]  should be more mobile or more stable.
+[664.640 --> 669.440]  So if we look at the foot, as an example, the foot should be a little bit more stable
+[669.440 --> 671.200]  and the ankle should be more mobile.
+[671.200 --> 675.120]  And as we go up the kinetic chain, the knee should be more stable, the hips should be
+[675.120 --> 676.120]  more mobile.
+[676.120 --> 680.680]  The lumbar pelvic area should be more stable, allowing that the rachix find to be a little
+[680.680 --> 681.680]  bit more mobile.
+[681.680 --> 684.000]  So the two-spon should be mobile.
+[684.000 --> 686.200]  The scapula should be more stable.
+[686.200 --> 688.720]  The shoulder, we know, is a very mobile joint.
+[688.720 --> 693.080]  So we know every other joint in our kinetic chain should play off that mobile stable,
+[693.080 --> 694.080]  mobile stable idea.
+[694.080 --> 696.400]  Well, really not idea or concept.
+[696.400 --> 700.920]  And that's really how we're set up to move and function properly.
+[700.920 --> 707.200]  The problem is, as many of you know, with today, with our tendency to sit, technology
+[707.200 --> 712.960]  allowing us to not move as well and move as often, we have a tendency to revert back or
+[712.960 --> 719.760]  not revert back to have problems and not have that mobile stable as it's supposed to be,
+[719.760 --> 723.480]  that opposite all the way up to the kinetic chain.
+[723.480 --> 730.920]  So many times if I have a stiff hip, that's this going to force me to use too much lumbar
+[730.920 --> 732.440]  pelvic motion.
+[732.440 --> 738.120]  So my stiff hip will actually create or force me to be more unstable in my low back.
+[738.120 --> 742.040]  My stiff hip may force me to be a little bit more unstable in my knee.
+[742.040 --> 747.560]  So those are the types of things that occur because the body is simply trying to overcome
+[747.560 --> 750.480]  those areas of dysfunction or weakness or tightness.
+[750.480 --> 755.920]  So in the shoulders, for example, if the shoulder is not moving or is not as stable as it
+[755.920 --> 759.320]  needs to be, then we're going to have other areas of the body sacrifice.
+[759.320 --> 764.280]  A lot of times we talk about scapular stabilization, but working on scapular stabilization, well,
+[764.280 --> 769.160]  the scapular may be unstable because of the rasex bond doesn't move like it should.
+[769.160 --> 775.520]  So this concept that we're talking about directly impacts our movement, our function.
+[775.520 --> 777.680]  And it really is built that way.
+[777.680 --> 781.760]  And I think that's the problem that the labs don't understand is we're like, okay, that
+[781.760 --> 785.920]  happens, but that's what's supposed to happen if we're trying to always, we're always
+[785.920 --> 787.520]  going to sacrifice that quality for quantity.
+[787.520 --> 791.120]  We are always going to try to accomplish a task.
+[791.120 --> 794.840]  So I'll go back to picking up something on the floor, picking up this bottle of water.
+[794.840 --> 797.840]  Those things are things that our brain is telling us to do.
+[797.840 --> 801.160]  It doesn't matter if I've got a weakness or tightness in the body.
+[801.160 --> 804.440]  We're always going to try to overcome that by accomplishing the task.
+[804.440 --> 806.360]  But that's really the problem.
+[806.360 --> 809.520]  But as long as we know that's the problem, it gives us the opportunity to work through
+[809.520 --> 813.520]  that problem knowing that no matter what we do in our daily activities, we're always
+[813.520 --> 819.520]  trying to accomplish the task and we may have to sacrifice this quality to get that.
+[819.520 --> 824.960]  The problem really is if we don't understand that and don't attack that sooner rather
+[824.960 --> 828.840]  than later, it could create bigger problems.
+[828.840 --> 835.640]  So if the thoracic spawn is not moving well, causing me to create scapular instabilities,
+[835.640 --> 842.120]  causing me to create problems in the shoulder, then over time that shoulder is moving inefficiently.
+[842.120 --> 846.560]  And over time that inefficiency in the shoulder may create shoulder problems, may create some
+[846.560 --> 848.680]  impingement that we'll talk about in a few minutes.
+[848.680 --> 854.840]  So the problems that typically the underlying problems that we may see, like a hit that's
+[854.840 --> 857.160]  not moving, like a thoracic spawn that's not moving.
+[857.640 --> 861.400]  As we know, most of those are common problems in today's society.
+[861.400 --> 866.960]  Then that's simply going to lead to our inability to stabilize properly in the lumbopelipic
+[866.960 --> 867.960]  area.
+[867.960 --> 871.880]  It's going to limit our ability to stabilize properly in the upper body.
+[871.880 --> 875.360]  And those things need to happen when we bend over to pick something up or when we reach
+[875.360 --> 877.560]  our hands above our heads.
+[877.560 --> 883.840]  We need to have efficient movements throughout our system in order to move and function properly.
+[883.840 --> 888.840]  And if we don't, well, let's first identify it and let's try to fix it, but understand
+[888.840 --> 894.440]  that if we don't identify it, don't fix it, those underlying issues may lead to pain
+[894.440 --> 896.400]  or some other problems down the road.
+[896.400 --> 900.520]  And we certainly don't want to train a person who has these dysfunctions.
+[900.520 --> 904.520]  That's the other key component here that we want to talk about is if I've got some limitations
+[904.520 --> 908.320]  somewhere in the body, I need to identify those and not just work around them because
+[908.320 --> 913.400]  a person who has thoracic spawn mobility problems is certainly not going to be doing an overhead
+[913.400 --> 915.400]  press properly.
+[915.400 --> 918.560]  Even though they can get that on the head and they can get that weight above their head,
+[918.560 --> 921.280]  they're going to do it with the lack of integrity.
+[921.280 --> 925.000]  So we always need to make sure in our profession that we focus on that quality of that movement
+[925.000 --> 928.720]  first and then we can add load to it as we move on.
+[928.720 --> 930.680]  So the real question is where do we start up?
+[930.680 --> 931.680]  What do we start this?
+[931.680 --> 932.680]  Where do we start our process?
+[932.680 --> 936.840]  If our goal is to first make sure someone has functioned properly, then we can move
+[936.840 --> 940.760]  into strength and durability and making sure we put them on the right path.
+[941.160 --> 946.360]  And I think really the goal is to find out where the biggest opportunity is.
+[946.360 --> 951.120]  So when we think about this, we're trying to find these areas of dysfunction, but if we
+[951.120 --> 953.840]  look at it a little bit differently, if we find this area of dysfunction, well, that's
+[953.840 --> 955.040]  an opportunity.
+[955.040 --> 959.040]  We know this person that we're working on and we want to work on this athlete and this
+[959.040 --> 961.560]  client that we're working on trying to help out.
+[961.560 --> 966.000]  We know most people have some dysfunctions, whether it be because of their habits, whether
+[966.000 --> 967.760]  it be because of the previous injury.
+[968.320 --> 971.400]  Well, if we can find that, we can identify it.
+[971.400 --> 974.760]  We can then try to give them some things to improve it.
+[974.760 --> 978.000]  And then that's the biggest part of the success we want to look at.
+[978.000 --> 980.160]  That's the biggest opportunity.
+[980.160 --> 981.920]  It could be related to sleep.
+[981.920 --> 986.160]  It could be related to a lot of other things, but we just want to simply find out where
+[986.160 --> 987.400]  is that rock in the shoe?
+[987.400 --> 988.920]  Is there a rock in the shoe?
+[988.920 --> 991.120]  If there are running, if there is, remove the rock.
+[991.120 --> 996.440]  So finding the biggest issue and attacking it is going to give you the biggest impact
+[996.440 --> 998.680]  and having the most success early on.
+[998.680 --> 1001.400]  And I think that's a very important thing for all of us to realize.
+[1001.400 --> 1002.720]  We want to get everyone stronger.
+[1002.720 --> 1005.120]  We want everyone to live a longer, healthier life.
+[1005.120 --> 1008.960]  So let's look as soon as possible to find the one thing that we can focus on that will
+[1008.960 --> 1011.440]  make the biggest impact as early as we can.
+[1011.440 --> 1015.920]  And if we're not making an impact, let's know that and try to make that big impact.
+[1015.920 --> 1020.760]  The first thing is to figure out where that impact can be and where that opportunity lies.
+[1020.760 --> 1025.240]  And again, if the person's got a painful back, we need to figure that out.
+[1025.240 --> 1029.240]  If a person just has dysfunctional movements and doesn't move very well, we need to understand
+[1029.240 --> 1030.240]  that.
+[1030.240 --> 1033.440]  If a person moves well, they don't have any pain, but you know what?
+[1033.440 --> 1034.600]  They just need to get more fit.
+[1034.600 --> 1036.000]  They need to get stronger.
+[1036.000 --> 1037.000]  I want to know that.
+[1037.000 --> 1040.840]  If that's my biggest area, I want to focus on great, but I don't want to sacrifice the
+[1040.840 --> 1042.000]  fundamentals to do that.
+[1042.000 --> 1045.160]  So I need to make sure we got the fundamentals taken care of.
+[1045.160 --> 1049.800]  Because if a person doesn't move very well initially, with the first thing we have to do,
+[1049.800 --> 1053.760]  and the assumption is to often is we need to correct that area.
+[1053.760 --> 1058.120]  So the first thing we have to need to do when we're talking about creating a good workout
+[1058.120 --> 1060.240]  is to protect that area.
+[1060.240 --> 1063.880]  I don't want to take a person who's got some dysfunctions in their shoulder and have
+[1063.880 --> 1065.480]  them do overhead presses.
+[1065.480 --> 1069.960]  So the first thing I need to do is think about what are the things I can do to remove some
+[1069.960 --> 1075.280]  of the issues that maybe cause in your problems and your upper back in your shoulders.
+[1075.280 --> 1079.400]  Now the elephant in the room right now, if we're talking about the upper body, is sitting
+[1079.400 --> 1082.040]  too much, sitting with poor posture.
+[1082.040 --> 1086.360]  What are the things we can do that will impact them that it's not just about what we're
+[1086.360 --> 1089.320]  doing the weight movement, removing an exercise.
+[1089.320 --> 1092.800]  Let's think about things that they may be doing in their daily activities that may be
+[1092.800 --> 1094.640]  leading to some of these problems.
+[1094.640 --> 1098.720]  And again, protect, remove before we think about correcting.
+[1098.720 --> 1104.640]  Because if a person's got poor form, just with their body weight, loading those activities
+[1104.640 --> 1106.720]  will only make it worse.
+[1106.720 --> 1111.400]  So protection is the first order and thing that we need to consider.
+[1111.400 --> 1115.840]  What are the exercises that will not help this individual that could potentially hurt
+[1115.840 --> 1117.040]  this individual?
+[1117.040 --> 1118.720]  And that's first and foremost.
+[1118.720 --> 1120.680]  But we have to take it a step further.
+[1120.680 --> 1125.000]  What are the also the things that this person may be doing in their daily lives that may
+[1125.000 --> 1130.440]  be leading to some of these problems or dysfunctions in their fundamental movements?
+[1130.440 --> 1132.720]  We can identify and have that conversation.
+[1132.720 --> 1135.120]  We can have a potential impact on that as well.
+[1135.120 --> 1140.040]  And that's really the ultimate goal is, again, it's about overall health and fitness,
+[1140.040 --> 1142.400]  not just about strength, trans, or shoulder.
+[1142.400 --> 1147.160]  So what we do, obviously, with FMS, is we'll do a fundamental movement screen.
+[1147.160 --> 1152.120]  And this movement screen, first and foremost, and you see the word health here, it's to
+[1152.120 --> 1154.400]  make sure the person moves healthy.
+[1154.400 --> 1159.000]  Now, moving healthy means can you move without pain?
+[1159.000 --> 1162.880]  Because if you've got problems with some of these basic fundamental movements and it
+[1162.880 --> 1166.640]  hurts, maybe it hurts your knee, maybe it hurts your shoulder when you do some of these
+[1166.640 --> 1170.000]  basic activities, would that right there tell me we need to do some of these things?
+[1170.000 --> 1171.440]  Something to address it.
+[1171.440 --> 1173.240]  I need to do some type of intervention.
+[1173.240 --> 1179.440]  Obviously, it tells me we can't train you in those areas of pain, but pain tells us,
+[1179.440 --> 1185.360]  anytime there's pain with movement, there's also going to be disruptions in your motor,
+[1185.360 --> 1186.360]  your neuromuscular system.
+[1186.360 --> 1188.920]  You're going to have appropriate set of awareness problems.
+[1188.920 --> 1190.920]  And muscles aren't going to fire when they need to.
+[1190.920 --> 1192.800]  You're not going to stabilize when you need to.
+[1192.800 --> 1195.000]  Again, compensations will occur.
+[1195.000 --> 1197.120]  And the problem is, it doesn't matter really where the pain is.
+[1197.120 --> 1198.120]  The pain's on board.
+[1198.120 --> 1201.160]  Your body's going to create some inefficiencies.
+[1201.160 --> 1204.400]  So pain is the really, really that red blinking light.
+[1204.400 --> 1208.160]  And that's why we say help because pain is a healthcare problem that we have to address.
+[1208.160 --> 1209.240]  And then we look at function.
+[1209.240 --> 1212.960]  If you don't be pain, let's make sure you can at least function properly.
+[1212.960 --> 1216.560]  And it's not that you've got to do an overhead squat perfect.
+[1216.560 --> 1217.560]  It's just minimally.
+[1217.560 --> 1221.160]  What is the minimum barrier we want to see you do?
+[1221.160 --> 1225.920]  And it's basically get into the position, even if you can do the movements, that's okay.
+[1225.920 --> 1229.520]  But I just don't want to see you not be able to do some of these things at all, even
+[1229.520 --> 1232.120]  with your, even just the low-level body weight movements.
+[1232.120 --> 1236.280]  Because that tells me you've got a potential dysfunction that we need to address.
+[1236.280 --> 1239.600]  But more importantly, we need to avoid certain things.
+[1239.600 --> 1245.480]  So if we, you know, realize that you don't have any, you know, we identify pain that's
+[1245.480 --> 1249.000]  a potential problem or you walk in with pain, we need to identify the cause and treat
+[1249.000 --> 1250.000]  it.
+[1250.000 --> 1252.920]  So with us, we do another type of movement assessment.
+[1252.920 --> 1256.640]  And we look in to try to identify the underlying cause of the pain.
+[1256.640 --> 1260.760]  Just because you have back pain, back pain doesn't mean your back is a problem.
+[1260.760 --> 1264.080]  Back pain tells me, okay, your back hurts, we have to treat it.
+[1264.080 --> 1268.440]  But I need to, need to find out, is there something else causing your back pain?
+[1268.440 --> 1269.440]  And that's important.
+[1269.440 --> 1274.080]  Because again, that tells me what we need to do related either to training or some type
+[1274.080 --> 1275.080]  of medical intervention.
+[1275.080 --> 1279.720]  But let's say you don't have any pain, you're moving pretty well, but then we need to
+[1279.720 --> 1284.840]  set a base on where you are as far as your fitness is and that strength, power and endurance
+[1284.840 --> 1286.240]  and then develop that.
+[1286.240 --> 1288.080]  Again, the strategy is the same.
+[1288.080 --> 1290.040]  I want to figure out where's the best opportunity.
+[1290.040 --> 1295.240]  And if I take you through what we've deemed is our fundamental capacity screen and identify
+[1295.240 --> 1299.720]  you've got problems in higher level motor controls, you've got problems in posture control,
+[1299.720 --> 1300.720]  maybe power.
+[1300.720 --> 1304.160]  And again, that's still my opportunity to improve that.
+[1304.160 --> 1308.440]  So I'm still taking our same, lots of the, even if you don't have any pain and you move
+[1308.440 --> 1309.440]  pretty well.
+[1309.440 --> 1310.440]  So it's okay.
+[1310.440 --> 1311.440]  Those are great.
+[1311.440 --> 1314.920]  Now let's find out where the opportunity is related to your strength, your power, your
+[1314.920 --> 1315.920]  endurance.
+[1315.920 --> 1317.600]  Those are the things that we need to focus on.
+[1317.600 --> 1321.480]  Because again, we're still trying to figure out and pinpoint that area of focus with
+[1321.480 --> 1323.280]  our program.
+[1323.280 --> 1326.760]  Because if you've got pain, we need to get healthy first.
+[1326.760 --> 1329.440]  If you don't move very well, well, we need to get functional.
+[1329.440 --> 1331.560]  I got to get you moving right.
+[1331.560 --> 1334.560]  If you don't have good fitness, well, we got to get you fit.
+[1334.560 --> 1336.880]  But if you do all those right, let's get after it.
+[1336.880 --> 1337.880]  Let's go after it.
+[1337.880 --> 1343.640]  So we're just trying to figure out where you need to go and how I can put you on that
+[1343.640 --> 1347.080]  path as a fitness strength coach professional.
+[1347.080 --> 1350.320]  So we're going to apply that underlying thinking to the upper body.
+[1350.320 --> 1355.000]  And really if you think about it, if we're talking about upper body, really most strength
+[1355.000 --> 1358.680]  conditioning moves, we're simply really talking about pushing and pressing.
+[1358.680 --> 1361.280]  And then we can get into all different types of variations.
+[1361.280 --> 1365.080]  But pushing and pressing, whether you do a horizontal or vertical, those are the two primary
+[1365.080 --> 1366.480]  things we're going to be doing.
+[1366.480 --> 1368.080]  We're talking about the upper body.
+[1368.080 --> 1372.000]  Now once we talk about it, we can go into all kinds of variations, whether it's one arm,
+[1372.000 --> 1376.360]  two arms, whether it's whether you're doing like a push up, whether you're doing half
+[1376.360 --> 1380.840]  knee, and tall knee, and standing on one foot, you know, all different variations.
+[1380.840 --> 1385.680]  But again, the first thing we have to do is make sure the person is healthy.
+[1385.680 --> 1388.120]  Are they ready to engage and do this?
+[1388.120 --> 1390.400]  And I think sometimes people make assumptions.
+[1390.400 --> 1392.720]  But still, let's have that conversation.
+[1392.720 --> 1393.720]  Let's do the basics.
+[1393.720 --> 1396.600]  Let's make sure that we're focusing in on the right thing.
+[1396.600 --> 1398.280]  It may be that they're not sleeping very well.
+[1398.280 --> 1400.960]  Maybe they, again, what's their injury history like?
+[1400.960 --> 1403.680]  Did they have a previous shoulder problem that I need to be aware of?
+[1403.680 --> 1406.520]  Had they had shoulder surgeries that I need to be aware of?
+[1406.520 --> 1411.280]  All of these are things that we need to consider before we just arbitrarily move on and start
+[1411.280 --> 1412.280]  prescribing certain activities.
+[1412.280 --> 1415.960]  And for that matter before I even start doing some type of fundamental movement screen.
+[1415.960 --> 1419.720]  Because if I'm doing a movement screen and I'm putting them in certain positions and
+[1419.720 --> 1424.560]  they had a history of subluxations in the shoulders, there may be certain activities
+[1424.560 --> 1429.160]  I may win in it, avoid even during the screening process before I feel comfortable doing some
+[1429.160 --> 1430.660]  of those things.
+[1430.660 --> 1435.160]  So these things are very important before we even get into to actually specifically tell
+[1435.160 --> 1437.720]  my training any part of the body.
+[1437.720 --> 1440.080]  But let's consider the upper body first.
+[1440.080 --> 1444.680]  And most of us know the shoulders are very, very mobile joint.
+[1444.680 --> 1448.480]  And this design to be that way, not stable, but we've got to have some stability.
+[1448.480 --> 1452.280]  And we know we've got these big powerful prime movers around the shoulder that are designed
+[1452.280 --> 1457.800]  to create strength, create power and do these things that we want to do in our activities,
+[1457.800 --> 1461.600]  daily activities where it be, daily activities or upper level activities.
+[1461.600 --> 1465.720]  And then obviously the big thing that most people talk about when talking about the shoulders
+[1465.720 --> 1470.920]  as far as a lot of times training the shoulder or re-eaving the shoulders that rotate a cuff.
+[1470.920 --> 1475.600]  Now the rotate a cuff as we all know and you look at most textbooks that talk about
+[1475.600 --> 1480.800]  the anatomy and the kinesiology, the rotate a cuff is primarily there to create some stability.
+[1480.800 --> 1484.680]  And if you dive deeper, the parts of the rotate a cuff internally and externally rotate
+[1484.680 --> 1485.680]  the shoulder.
+[1485.680 --> 1487.880]  Well let's think about how it functions.
+[1487.880 --> 1491.160]  And really if we think about how it functions, yes, it's there to create stability, but
+[1491.160 --> 1493.080]  it's there to create good joint positioning.
+[1493.080 --> 1496.040]  And you get a take it a step further.
+[1496.040 --> 1499.880]  You don't necessarily want to train the rotate a cuff by doing internal external rotation.
+[1499.880 --> 1505.320]  You want to make the rotate a cuff respond and react but cause it's a stability muscle.
+[1505.320 --> 1509.000]  It wants to place the shoulder in a good position.
+[1509.000 --> 1513.160]  So then those big prime movers like the pecs, the delts, the biceps, the lat, all those
+[1513.160 --> 1518.760]  bigger muscles can create good leverage, can pull on a very stable joint.
+[1518.760 --> 1521.840]  So that's what the rotate a cuff is really designed to do.
+[1521.840 --> 1523.840]  And it's there designed to be reactive.
+[1523.840 --> 1527.820]  So my brain says, if I'm going to throw, if I'm going to pull, if I'm going to push,
+[1527.820 --> 1533.920]  before my mom even moves, my rotate a cuff has to turn on, put the joint in a good position.
+[1533.920 --> 1535.960]  So those other big muscles can do their job.
+[1535.960 --> 1538.860]  And I think that's how we need to look at the shoulder because that's going to be important
+[1538.860 --> 1542.480]  as we start from a training the shoulder properly.
+[1542.480 --> 1545.680]  But the common problems we see in the shoulder, again, if you go back to some of that regional
+[1545.680 --> 1551.360]  independence I described, you know that if we have problems in a thoracic spine mobility,
+[1551.360 --> 1556.520]  then we may be addressing or at least maybe resulting in certain inflammation in the shoulder.
+[1556.520 --> 1561.000]  Two most common issues are going to be something called impingement or rotate a cuff tendonitis.
+[1561.000 --> 1566.200]  And impingement, again, the burst is there to help create a little bit of spacing and
+[1566.200 --> 1570.720]  allow so that you don't start really irritating the rotate a cuff.
+[1570.720 --> 1574.200]  But if the shoulder is not moving the way it needs to do, if you've got some inefficiency
+[1574.200 --> 1578.480]  in your movement, if that's scapular, if you think about this, the scapular is not moving
+[1578.480 --> 1584.040]  and getting out of the way when you get to that 30, 30 degrees of shoulder flexion that
+[1584.040 --> 1588.440]  scapular is supposed to kind of move and get out of the way and you don't have good posture.
+[1588.520 --> 1591.800]  The first thing is going to happen is that head of the heeher is going to start rubbing on that
+[1591.800 --> 1595.960]  burst and that's going to cause some inflammation. And that's really the body's first telltale sign
+[1595.960 --> 1600.680]  to tell you something's wrong, we need to do something. You've got to address this or it's going
+[1600.680 --> 1605.560]  to lead to a bigger problem. And that bigger problem over time could be a rotate of cuff tear,
+[1605.560 --> 1612.280]  which again you could start getting a 45, 50, 60, 55 years old. Most people that have had a
+[1612.280 --> 1617.560]  lot of history of impingement, rotate a cuff tendonitis, that's where you can trace it back to
+[1617.560 --> 1623.320]  that rotate of cuff tear. So we have to consider that, catch it early, address it early is really the key.
+[1626.520 --> 1631.000]  But we can't forget about the cervical spine because a lot of people who have shoulder problems,
+[1631.000 --> 1634.360]  let's go back and look at the cervical spine. If you've got a cervical spine problem,
+[1634.360 --> 1638.920]  we may need to, or excuse me, if you have a shoulder problem, you may want to look at the cervical
+[1638.920 --> 1642.680]  spine and you could do some simple range of motions to see if any of those range of motions are
+[1642.680 --> 1648.280]  limited, again, or calls pain. You've got problems with cervical spine many times, it will lead to
+[1648.280 --> 1653.480]  issues in the shoulder. So again, just for a lot of trainers, fitness professionals,
+[1653.480 --> 1657.560]  you found a problem with the shoulder, maybe if you can do some basic range of motions and if you
+[1657.560 --> 1661.640]  found something, you know, get them out to a physical therapist, car practice, somebody that can
+[1661.640 --> 1666.440]  do a good evaluation of that cervical spine and make sure that's not creating an underlying problem.
+[1667.640 --> 1671.400]  And then of course, I've mentioned this quite a bit, we have at the ractic mobility issues.
+[1671.400 --> 1677.880]  Ractic mobility, many times, could be, or is the cause of shoulder dysfunction? If the shoulder is
+[1677.880 --> 1683.800]  not working right, we have to address the thoracic spine. The thoracic spine is what is going to
+[1683.800 --> 1689.480]  give the shoulder a good foundation to move and function properly. So if we've got these people that
+[1689.480 --> 1695.160]  walk in forward, head posture, a little bit of chyphosis, you know, is it actually a chyphosis,
+[1695.240 --> 1700.680]  or is it just posture, you know, what is it? And let's make sure that we can address that issue.
+[1702.920 --> 1707.480]  And also the thing you need to also consider is breathing. Because one, if you've got this
+[1707.480 --> 1711.960]  forward head lean, you got this chyphotic posture, your breathing is going to be impacted. And the
+[1711.960 --> 1717.880]  one thing that has been shown with some of the research and data that's been shown out there
+[1717.880 --> 1722.360]  is the fact that movement and breathing are related. So if you've got a breathing problem,
+[1723.160 --> 1726.520]  good chance you can have a movement problem. If you have a movement problem, good chance you can
+[1726.520 --> 1730.520]  have a breathing problem. So these things are interconnected. Now it's the chicken of the head,
+[1730.520 --> 1734.600]  which one comes first. You could argue that breathing causes movement problems. You could argue that
+[1734.600 --> 1739.960]  movement problems called breathing problems. But again, making sure the person moves correctly.
+[1739.960 --> 1743.640]  And there's different things you can check. You know, there's a breathing screen. You can perform
+[1743.640 --> 1749.320]  to kind of set that baseline. So there's different things you can do to check breathing. But again,
+[1749.320 --> 1753.960]  if the person has a shoulder dysfunction, check their breathing, or at least give this
+[1753.960 --> 1758.840]  activities to do because chances are our person who's got significant shoulder issues will have some
+[1758.840 --> 1763.000]  breathing dysfunction as well. So this is just thing to consider. And now I'll talk about those here
+[1763.000 --> 1768.040]  in a minute. But the upper body is, again, we can't think of it. If we go back to this regional
+[1768.040 --> 1773.480]  interdependence concept that we realize that the shoulder is not acting alone, it's going to
+[1773.480 --> 1778.680]  affect the entire body. And we have to look at it as more of an upper quarter thing is a just lower
+[1778.680 --> 1784.680]  body or upper body idea. So we have to consider everything because if we talk specifically about
+[1784.680 --> 1789.480]  the thoracic spine, there's a lot of different movements that are going on. The thoracic spine doesn't
+[1789.480 --> 1794.200]  spin like a top. You actually get a little bit of flexion, a little bit of extension. And when you
+[1794.200 --> 1800.040]  talk about all those different T-spon thoracic spine, all those different facettes, all those
+[1800.040 --> 1804.200]  different things, that those that spawn is moving with a little bit of flexion, a little bit of
+[1804.200 --> 1809.800]  extension. And that's what creates our rotation. So there's a lot of things going on. And the
+[1809.800 --> 1814.360]  less of that flexion extension, and you get more torque, you could place on certain parts of the
+[1814.360 --> 1821.160]  body. But then we have to consider all such stability. And we can't, again, can't just make
+[1821.160 --> 1825.400]  assumptions. Again, we have to put the people in a functional position. And that's where our
+[1825.400 --> 1831.800]  fundamental movements come in. And then how do those fundamental dysfunctions actually impact
+[1831.800 --> 1835.560]  our more fundamental movements? So when we look at our movement screen, we break it down
+[1835.560 --> 1840.440]  in the probably three different foot positions. And the upper body will impact the three different
+[1840.440 --> 1845.320]  foot positions. So you may do great in squatting, but have a problem in the lunch position. And as you
+[1845.320 --> 1850.120]  see, it requires a good amount of mobility in all three of these patterns in order for you to
+[1850.120 --> 1856.520]  perform them properly. So the shoulder impacts these, but certainly these limitations here could
+[1856.520 --> 1861.160]  impact the shoulder. So we have to understand that. And then the other thing that we've seen
+[1861.880 --> 1867.400]  is the fact that limitations in your mobility and the upper body impact your grip. And I showed
+[1867.400 --> 1872.280]  that on earlier slide, your grip is impacted quite a bit by what's going on your upper body. And by
+[1872.280 --> 1876.600]  its versus, you got poor grip, it may be an upper body problem. So I'm not saying that improving
+[1876.600 --> 1882.520]  your grip is going to give you great upper body function, but it's just a way to gauge what's
+[1882.600 --> 1886.760]  going on in your system. Because there's a lot of research and a lot of data on grip strength and how
+[1886.760 --> 1892.040]  it influences health and wellness. So it's just something to consider something to look at. And actually,
+[1892.040 --> 1896.920]  we've seen it a relationship between the lack of ankle mobility and grip as well. And some of the
+[1896.920 --> 1902.840]  data that we've collected over the years. So we know that mobility is something we have to consider.
+[1902.840 --> 1907.880]  We're talking about the upper body, but just also maybe use that grip as a gauge of how else
+[1907.880 --> 1913.160]  something something maybe impacted. So when we talk about where to start, you look at how we lay
+[1913.160 --> 1917.720]  out our FMS or our function movement screen. Those three different foot positions over here at the
+[1917.720 --> 1922.840]  top. Those are very complex movements. But we look at the next three, we go from right to left.
+[1922.840 --> 1928.280]  You see, those are more specific areas. Now we're talking more regionally in house stability
+[1928.280 --> 1933.320]  is impacted. But if we look at specifically the shoulder, how shoulder mobility, we need to first
+[1933.320 --> 1937.720]  look at shoulder mobility and then see how we stabilize it and then let's put it in functional
+[1937.720 --> 1942.680]  positions. And if we go back to our neuro developmental sequencing, all of us learn to move,
+[1942.680 --> 1948.040]  that's how we started. We need to make sure as babies going to this first 18 month before we start
+[1948.040 --> 1952.840]  an ambulance and walking and doing all the cool things that we do as humans, we had great mobility.
+[1952.840 --> 1957.400]  And then we learn to stabilize it. And that's how we lay out some of these fundamental movements.
+[1957.400 --> 1961.640]  Let's make sure we got good mobility in a more of a functional way. Okay, then let's look at
+[1961.640 --> 1966.280]  stability in certain ways. So we look at our shoulder tests. As we're all simple shoulder tests,
+[1966.280 --> 1970.760]  put your feet together, see how close you can get your fists on your back. And again, this is not
+[1970.760 --> 1975.240]  just the shoulder. This is looking at your upper back. This is actually looking at your posture.
+[1975.240 --> 1980.520]  This is looking at kind of like I said, that upper quarter. And by having both arms move simultaneously,
+[1980.520 --> 1985.960]  we are creating some torque in the thoracic spine. So this simple little motion checks out or
+[1985.960 --> 1990.440]  checks the box on a lot of different things. So if we're good here, we feel pretty confident. We
+[1990.440 --> 1994.520]  got good mobility. When now let's look at it in more of a stability position. Let's look at a
+[1994.520 --> 1999.880]  quadruped motion. So here we're looking at that same side, but you could do a quadruped more of a
+[1999.880 --> 2004.280]  diagonal more traditional crawling pattern and just check to see if a person can stabilize in this
+[2004.280 --> 2009.560]  position. Because we're not forcing you in a very high level stability position, more lower level.
+[2009.560 --> 2014.440]  So let's start a little bit more lower level. And let's progress to a more high level activity. See,
+[2014.440 --> 2020.360]  can you perform a push-up correctly? Now again, we're looking at a push-up is a total body activity
+[2020.840 --> 2025.000]  but it certainly has an impact on what's going on in the shoulder. If a person has got some stability
+[2025.000 --> 2029.720]  issues, certainly it's going to be it's going to be uncovered in this position. However, it
+[2029.720 --> 2034.440]  to be uncovered in this position as well, if there's a stability problem. If they have an inability to
+[2034.440 --> 2040.520]  kind of post on that one side, here's much more stress being placed on the shoulder. So again,
+[2040.520 --> 2044.360]  if you have a history of shoulder problems, you've got history of subluxation, you may not want to
+[2044.360 --> 2050.120]  have a person do a floor push-up. You may want to go from the wall as an example, just to see if they
+[2050.120 --> 2055.400]  can create that stability. Now, the other reason we do the push-up here is not just about the upper body
+[2055.400 --> 2061.560]  but to also determine and check to see if they get stability in the core. So we're looking to see,
+[2061.560 --> 2068.440]  by pushing doing this horizontal push, can we prevent hyper extension in the spine? So there's
+[2068.440 --> 2073.080]  a lot of things going on in these basic, very simple movements. And then of course, finally, how do
+[2073.080 --> 2079.240]  those things impact our fundamental functional movements? Symmetrical base of squat, single-leg stance,
+[2079.240 --> 2085.480]  split stance, because if you've got limitations in your shoulder, are these impacted? And if we
+[2085.480 --> 2091.720]  set a baseline, does it impact these things as well? So we score these zero to three. We make it simple
+[2091.720 --> 2097.080]  zeros, calls pane, one means you can't do it. We're really looking for zeros and ones. Can you not do
+[2097.080 --> 2102.440]  the movement at all? It's really kind of that thing that we look forward to say, one, we need to protect
+[2102.440 --> 2107.080]  you, two, we need to give you something to improve it. If there's a zero, within that cell,
+[2107.080 --> 2110.600]  this, you know what? Probably shouldn't be doing much in that area, or we need to get that area
+[2110.600 --> 2116.200]  evaluated. And what we found is the more twos and threes you have, and this is some data that we've
+[2116.200 --> 2119.800]  seen over the years, and actually, somebody has been published, and you can find that on our website,
+[2119.800 --> 2127.720]  if you search under research, is that the quicker the better you move, the quicker you return
+[2127.720 --> 2132.760]  back after an injury. So I'm not saying you're going to get less injuries with the twos or threes,
+[2132.760 --> 2136.440]  but if you do get injured and you're moving well, going into that injury, you'll get back a
+[2136.440 --> 2140.920]  little bit quicker. So dysfunctional movement, that's what we're looking for. We're looking for
+[2140.920 --> 2144.840]  those ones. We're looking for those major problems. And that's kind of what to give you a snapshot of
+[2144.840 --> 2149.560]  what that looks like, and why it's important to not have someone do certain activities, because
+[2149.560 --> 2154.520]  they're dysfunctional. So if we look at that snapshot, again, just pull out those areas, the squat,
+[2154.520 --> 2159.560]  the lunge, the shoulder, we need to avoid loading those areas. Doesn't mean they can't work out. We
+[2159.560 --> 2164.440]  just want to load them in those specific areas. The leg raise, the lower body looks pretty good,
+[2164.440 --> 2170.760]  so potentially we could do that. Now, the question becomes, what do we focus on first? If we look
+[2170.760 --> 2176.040]  at protecting those areas and avoiding those certain areas, how do we get those areas better? And if
+[2176.040 --> 2181.400]  we think about looking back at this motion, well, the squat's bad, the lunges bad, how do we
+[2181.400 --> 2186.120]  improve those? Well, if we understand that the shoulder directly impacts the lunge and the squat,
+[2186.120 --> 2192.280]  let's zero in, improve shoulder mobility, and then go back to C, does improving shoulder mobility
+[2192.280 --> 2197.880]  actually impact the squat and the lunge, and many times it will. So again, the squat is very
+[2197.880 --> 2202.280]  complicated, the lunge is very complicated. So let's go ahead and zero in on the area,
+[2202.280 --> 2206.920]  improve that, and then go back and check to see if those other areas are improved as well.
+[2206.920 --> 2211.640]  Because if we're really putting together a corrective strategy on the upper body and the shoulder,
+[2211.640 --> 2215.400]  well, let's look at packages. Let's put you in different positions where we can stress your
+[2215.400 --> 2219.880]  shoulder and your posture. So when I just were looking at one area, we're putting in this,
+[2219.880 --> 2224.760]  this whole idea between regional interdependence to work in the corrective program as well.
+[2226.280 --> 2230.600]  So again, I mentioned breathing. If you've got a shoulder problem, let's make sure we look at
+[2230.600 --> 2235.960]  breathing as a focus. So I've got two exercises right here that are real basic, but you know,
+[2235.960 --> 2240.040]  they look like they're pretty difficult. There's different ways to actually help you
+[2240.040 --> 2245.880]  get into positions. You can view the pillow under the knee, on the top knee. As you see, what we got
+[2245.960 --> 2251.000]  Kyle doing in the top left video, he's focused on the thoracic spine. So the one thing I'll say,
+[2251.000 --> 2256.040]  if you have a shoulder problem, before you go start really trying to, if it's a shoulder limited
+[2256.040 --> 2261.640]  motion, before you start trying to just stretch the shoulder out, just do some basic breathing
+[2261.640 --> 2267.320]  activities. Do some basic thoracic mobility activities, and then go back and check. I can't stress
+[2267.320 --> 2271.800]  that enough. Just go back and check to see, many times, just some basic breathing, some basic
+[2271.800 --> 2277.960]  thoracic mobility activities will automatically put the shoulder in a better position to function
+[2277.960 --> 2283.560]  and create better mobility, create better stability, basically doing that. And what you'll see
+[2283.560 --> 2288.040]  supported spine position, well, that takes us back to the hell of the idea about neurodevelopmental
+[2288.040 --> 2293.480]  sequencing. We started moving by having on the ground, on our bags rolling around the floor.
+[2293.480 --> 2298.360]  Let's go back to that. Let's use that to our advantage. Let's focus on some breathing. So
+[2298.920 --> 2304.200]  when I say focus on breathing, in this example, you just want to cycle your breaths. So take a breath
+[2304.200 --> 2309.400]  in, and as you go into rotation, exhale the breath and let the breath go out. And you want to get
+[2309.400 --> 2314.280]  to that end point and maybe take another breath in and let it go out as you rotate. So we got two
+[2314.280 --> 2319.480]  different versions here of that focusing in on thoracic spine. One's kind of combining it with
+[2319.480 --> 2324.520]  a little bit of lower body, the other's just primarily focusing in on that thoracic range of motion.
+[2325.320 --> 2329.800]  So again, so if we think about neurodevelopmental sequencing, we go from a supported
+[2329.800 --> 2335.960]  spine position to a suspended spine position. So again, coupling these and creating a little
+[2335.960 --> 2342.040]  package of exercises or what we want to do if the person's got limitation. If the person's moving
+[2342.040 --> 2345.640]  great, we're going to go right into some other level of activity, but if they've got some
+[2345.640 --> 2351.400]  notations, which again, a lot of people do, let's zero in and focus on some of these basic things first.
+[2352.120 --> 2357.640]  So we go into our supported position, focus on thoracic mobility, where we're focused on mobility
+[2357.640 --> 2362.520]  because we're in supported position, we're now by suspending your spine, you're combining both
+[2363.000 --> 2368.200]  mobility and motor control stability into the same activity. So you see in that top left
+[2368.200 --> 2374.440]  video, Kyle's actually posting on that one side as he goes into some rotation. So again, if we think
+[2374.440 --> 2379.240]  about how the thoracic spine moves, we have that flexion and extension, or we really have a push
+[2379.320 --> 2384.920]  in a pull. So we talk about pushing and dropping that left hand down as I rotate,
+[2384.920 --> 2390.680]  we're that's going to actually give us a little bit of opportunity for fundamental movement.
+[2390.680 --> 2397.160]  Again, combining our mobility and motor control. That's how we move correctly is both that ying and
+[2397.160 --> 2401.800]  yang of mobility and motor control. We always have to play off those two. Now we focus on mobility
+[2401.800 --> 2407.640]  first just by what we're trying to accomplish. So our mobility just goes back to the neurodevelopmental
+[2407.640 --> 2413.160]  sequence, but we quickly got to add some stability to it and here's some simple variations of trying
+[2413.160 --> 2419.640]  to improve that mobility. And then the bottom video you'll see just to kind of talk about that for
+[2419.640 --> 2425.720]  second. As you notice that Kyle has himself kind of pushed back and that just simply isolates out
+[2425.720 --> 2430.680]  the upper back a little bit more. We have more of, I would say, total spine position in the top left
+[2430.680 --> 2435.000]  video. The bottom left same exercise, we're just pushing him back and focusing a little bit more
+[2435.000 --> 2439.640]  on the upper back. So we go from suspended spine position, which is our crawling, if you think
+[2439.640 --> 2446.040]  about going back to what babies do, to our stacter loaded spine position. So now we have different
+[2446.040 --> 2450.600]  stacter loaded positions. We can do the same thing. Again, now we got a little bit of mobility.
+[2450.600 --> 2454.520]  Let's add some stability into it. So we can do what's called a halo or we can do a tall and
+[2454.520 --> 2459.160]  healing turn. Either one of these are good variations. It kind of depends on what you're trying to
+[2459.160 --> 2463.240]  accomplish. As an example, this is where I would look back at the movement screen and say,
+[2463.400 --> 2467.720]  you've got a lunge pattern problem. You've also got a shoulder pattern problem. Let's get you in
+[2467.720 --> 2472.600]  that half kneeling position and work through the pattern in that position because again, that's my
+[2472.600 --> 2477.560]  opportunity. That's your area of dysfunction. Let's zero in on that versus a squat pattern problem.
+[2478.920 --> 2482.920]  And then ultimately we get the standing and in standing, we're just going to go through a real basic
+[2482.920 --> 2487.560]  toe touch. We're going to use one arm up, go down and we're just going to touch your toes.
+[2487.560 --> 2491.560]  And just by having it in this toe up position, that's just forcing a better hip hinge,
+[2491.560 --> 2496.280]  forcing you to utilize correct movement a little bit better. So then we alternate the arms
+[2496.280 --> 2500.680]  down at the top just to give you that a little bit more of awareness and control of what we're
+[2500.680 --> 2505.080]  trying to do. So now we're utilizing your entire body in more of a functional position,
+[2505.080 --> 2511.000]  but still isolating the upper body a little bit more. So again, think about posture control as we
+[2511.000 --> 2514.840]  go through this process. And some of those things, again, going from that supported all your
+[2514.840 --> 2519.480]  standing, we go through that. But once we get our mobility, we have to put it together in this
+[2520.040 --> 2525.720]  more stable position. But we have to understand that we can't just assume these are working.
+[2525.720 --> 2531.480]  We've got to go back and re-screen just to identify the problem area of difficulty and make sure
+[2531.480 --> 2536.440]  that the things we prescribe actually give us the results and outcomes we want. And that takes
+[2536.440 --> 2541.800]  us back to just re-screening to make sure that we have the right exercise. If you re-screen and check
+[2541.800 --> 2545.720]  the pattern of dysfunction, they didn't get any better, we're going to simply choose a different
+[2545.720 --> 2550.040]  exercise or different technique. That's okay. Again, you're trying to figure out what's going to
+[2550.040 --> 2555.560]  give you the best outcome. And then get into development. We got a couple of Indian clubs are great,
+[2555.560 --> 2560.920]  Caries, Farmer's Cares are great. These are all great activities. They're a little bit different
+[2560.920 --> 2564.920]  than most of the traditional pushing and pressing, but they give you some great upper body,
+[2565.720 --> 2570.280]  the swings and the flams are great activities to the upper body. You need a little bit of cardio
+[2570.280 --> 2575.240]  in there. The Caries are great for posture control. And then we get into pushes and presses and
+[2576.040 --> 2581.320]  pulls. Again, a lot of different variations. Consider the stance. So again, don't just have the
+[2581.320 --> 2586.120]  person standing upright or sitting, sitting down. Do it tall and kneeling, do it half kneeling.
+[2586.120 --> 2592.040]  Again, utilize what you know they may have problems or difficulty in and put them in that position.
+[2592.040 --> 2596.280]  If they've got some problems with a squat pattern problem, then put them in that, but go ahead and
+[2596.280 --> 2601.640]  have them go down into a tall kneeling position. Do a half kneeling position. Start with one arm
+[2601.720 --> 2606.840]  and progress the two arms. One arm is going to force a little bit of a stability bias. It's going
+[2606.840 --> 2612.200]  to force you to make sure you maintain good posture control. Then go to standing, do the same thing.
+[2612.200 --> 2617.240]  To use that stance position a little bit differently. Do kettlebells with bottoms up. These are
+[2617.240 --> 2622.680]  again different things you can do. Try out different variations. Focus an end on the upper body.
+[2622.680 --> 2628.440]  With the kettlebells upper body, lower the weight down. Start with one arm. Obviously you need to
+[2628.440 --> 2633.480]  protect the person. Lower that weight down. But that upper bottom. Bottom's up kettlebell really
+[2633.480 --> 2638.600]  forces better shoulder positioning. Force is better posture control than doing it just for pure
+[2638.600 --> 2643.640]  strength, strength gains. Single versus that alarm. Again, single alarm is going to be a little bit
+[2643.640 --> 2649.800]  more, create a little bit more instability in the body. So just think about that. If you know you've
+[2649.800 --> 2654.600]  got an individual that is a little bit more unstable, just generally speaking. You know, it could be
+[2654.600 --> 2659.080]  an athlete that you know, hey, we've got to work on some stability. So instead of going to two arms,
+[2659.080 --> 2664.600]  focus on one arm activity. That one arm activity, that off center load is going to force you to
+[2664.600 --> 2670.600]  create better stability, better posture control as you go up into the press or pull or whatever the case
+[2670.600 --> 2676.760]  may be. So those are just different, some different activities, different things to consider as we go
+[2676.760 --> 2681.960]  into the development phase. But we've got to make sure we've got that good foundation first.
+[2681.960 --> 2686.600]  And again, just some basic considerations to think about not just training the upper body,
+[2686.600 --> 2691.000]  but training the overall body. We got to first make sure we've got a good foundation. If we don't
+[2691.000 --> 2695.960]  have a good foundation, what are certain exercises that aren't going to help and remove those? I think
+[2695.960 --> 2701.080]  too often we get into a mindset that we want to focus on corrective exercise. But really,
+[2701.080 --> 2706.120]  corrective exercises, depending upon removing the thing that causes the dysfunction. So let's make
+[2706.120 --> 2710.920]  sure that we're not causing more problems by having the person do an exercise that they're not ready
+[2711.560 --> 2715.960]  to do. The whole point about looking at fundamental movements is figuring out what the person can and
+[2715.960 --> 2720.040]  can't do and start from there. One of the biggest things, one of the biggest takeaways is
+[2720.040 --> 2725.240]  find that big opportunity. And that big opportunity sometimes is to give them some advice about what
+[2725.240 --> 2730.440]  they're doing in their daily activities. Sometimes that big opportunity may be focusing on something that
+[2730.440 --> 2733.560]  may not be involved with training. It could be involved with something they're doing on their own.
+[2733.560 --> 2738.920]  Some of their behaviors may they may not be sleeping correctly or are enough. They may not be breathing
+[2738.920 --> 2742.600]  the way they show. We can check their breathing. So all these things are what we got to consider.
+[2742.600 --> 2747.000]  But you're trying to really find that opportunity that you can focus on and then build on it.
+[2747.000 --> 2752.360]  But don't hesitate to go back and recheck to make sure that what you're prescribing is working.
+[2752.360 --> 2757.240]  I don't think we do that enough. Let's make sure if I fail, if I'm not getting the success I want,
+[2757.240 --> 2761.640]  then I want to know that as soon as possible. Because you're not wasting your time or their time.
+[2761.640 --> 2766.760]  Given them another activity is better than thinking the activity is working. So I really,
+[2766.760 --> 2771.800]  really appreciate the opportunity to come in today to speak to you guys. We've got a lot of
+[2771.800 --> 2776.600]  resources on a lot of the exercises you saw here. You can go to our website and look at our
+[2776.600 --> 2781.080]  exercise library. Some of them on there, a lot of them are actually on there. A few are not.
+[2782.280 --> 2786.440]  But yeah, check that out. We have a lot of other articles, resources that are certainly open and
+[2786.440 --> 2791.160]  free to you guys to go check out. I really appreciate it. And I think now we're going to take some
+[2791.160 --> 2798.440]  questions. Yeah, thank you so much, Dr. Burton. That was really interesting. And we have almost
+[2798.440 --> 2804.680]  as many comments, complimenting the presentation as we do questions. So I'll remind all the participants
+[2804.680 --> 2810.040]  that if they'd like to ask more questions, they can type them into the questions box. And we'll
+[2810.040 --> 2817.080]  start with one. What is your go-to exercise or stretch for shoulder health for any client and why?
+[2817.960 --> 2825.880]  I will circle back. I don't know if I can go back to pull up my flared. But yeah, I would say
+[2827.080 --> 2834.520]  if the person gets this sideline position, I really think this one, I don't know if they can see
+[2834.520 --> 2839.880]  it, but it's really just a sideline. And it's really more thoracic spine. I think most problems in
+[2839.880 --> 2844.680]  the shoulder are resolved from a thoracic spine mobility issue. So I think if you start by folks
+[2844.680 --> 2850.040]  on thoracic spine and just doing a basic sideline rotation like you see here, then that's going to
+[2850.040 --> 2855.400]  solve most of the problems. Again, I'm not going to say, well, I'll take a gamble. I'll say a lot
+[2855.400 --> 2860.520]  of the problems that we see. So I think this would be the go-to if I had a pinpoint one, if I had a
+[2860.520 --> 2868.200]  shoulder problem, mobility specifically, I would go to this first. Great. Here's another one. What is the
+[2868.200 --> 2878.360]  association between grip strength and rotator cuff strength? Yeah, I'll give you my opinion. I
+[2878.360 --> 2883.160]  can't say that I can pull out the research or data right now. I'm thinking there's data saying
+[2883.160 --> 2886.600]  that rotator cuff strength and grip strength are related. I do know that shoulder mobility and grip
+[2886.600 --> 2891.000]  strength are related. And the one thing I'll say is if you have an instability in the shoulder,
+[2891.000 --> 2895.560]  which is where you're going to get that rotator cuff strength, if your shoulder is unstable or in
+[2895.560 --> 2900.520]  a vulnerable position, that's your brain saying you're not going to grip very hard. Because again,
+[2900.520 --> 2906.200]  your grip is going to be anticipating lifting up an object. And if your shoulder is unstable,
+[2906.200 --> 2911.000]  your grip is not going to want to lift up a heavy object. So I use a farmer's carry. So my
+[2911.000 --> 2915.880]  shoulders kind of out of place or not a good place, my grip will give out first because my shoulder
+[2915.880 --> 2920.760]  is unstable. Now it's not my grip. It's actually my shoulder's a problem. So that would, by probably,
+[2920.760 --> 2927.560]  relate that back to the rotator cuff weakness as well. Great. There are a couple of questions
+[2927.560 --> 2935.080]  related to a special population, the older adults. And one of the questions is how do you apply
+[2935.080 --> 2939.960]  the FMS screening to older adult populations who maybe are not able to perform a lot of the
+[2939.960 --> 2946.280]  movements or screenings? Yeah, I think the idea would be, and I'll come and go back up there,
+[2947.160 --> 2952.280]  we certainly understand there's going to be limitations. We certainly don't expect a lot of
+[2952.280 --> 2956.840]  individuals to be able to do these moves. And I'll preface it by saying, I don't want to make
+[2956.840 --> 2961.080]  too many assumptions. Just because they're older populations, they're a lot of older individuals
+[2961.080 --> 2965.880]  that you guys trained that move really, really well and they're running marathons and doing all
+[2965.880 --> 2970.600]  kinds of stuff. So I think you've got to be the judge initially to say this isn't going to be
+[2970.600 --> 2976.840]  right or this potentially could be right for these individuals. We have, we do have a modified
+[2976.840 --> 2980.760]  version and we are developing, we're actually in development of a couple other things that I think
+[2980.760 --> 2985.000]  will help, but just specifically answer your question. If you're looking at our seven tests right
+[2985.000 --> 2990.040]  here, the leg raise, I think you could get them on a bed and have them on a mat table and having
+[2990.040 --> 2994.200]  the leg raise pretty easily and just see if they can get that ankle pass or knee. Show them
+[2994.280 --> 3000.840]  mobility is pretty easy as well. Obviously the two stability tests, excuse me, maybe you may not
+[3000.840 --> 3006.440]  want to put them in those crawling or push up positions, but I think single leg stance is certainly
+[3006.440 --> 3011.240]  something I would have the person do. So between single leg stance, looking at shoulder and hip
+[3011.240 --> 3016.520]  mobility, I would also argue ankle mobility is something else that you probably need to check out.
+[3016.520 --> 3020.360]  Those are things that I think anyone can do no matter the age. And again, you're just trying to
+[3020.360 --> 3026.440]  set a baseline. That would be my recommendation or my doing this for as long as I've done it,
+[3026.440 --> 3031.000]  just set the baseline and didn't see if you can improve it, improve it. In some of these older
+[3031.000 --> 3036.040]  individuals, it may not be that you're trying to make huge improvements. It may be you're simply
+[3036.040 --> 3040.520]  trying to not let it get worse. So if I'm looking at someone's shoulder mobility and I'm working with
+[3040.520 --> 3045.320]  a 70 year old and they've got really, really bad shoulder mobility, which okay, I kind of knew when
+[3045.320 --> 3049.080]  that saw them walk hand right. I'm just going to say, hey, here's where you are. We're going to give
+[3049.080 --> 3053.000]  you some shoulder mobility and we're going to make sure to check it periodically. If it doesn't get
+[3053.000 --> 3060.360]  it better, fine, but let's not get it worse. Great. You touched on this a little bit in your
+[3060.360 --> 3067.560]  presentation, but there are a couple of related questions that have come in surrounding how often
+[3067.560 --> 3075.800]  should you retest or revisit the screening? If you find a significant problem or dysfunction,
+[3076.360 --> 3083.240]  we recommend just doing that screen or test, whatever test that is, right? Just do it after the
+[3083.240 --> 3087.480]  session, do it at the end of the session, do it after they do the exercise. Don't feel like you've
+[3087.480 --> 3092.280]  got to sit there and take, you know, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, whatever time it takes you to perform
+[3092.280 --> 3095.880]  some of these things. Just say, hey, let's check your shoulders out again. Let's see what you got.
+[3095.880 --> 3102.280]  And you'll be very surprised how impactful one or two exercises can be. Now, let's say that,
+[3102.280 --> 3107.800]  now let's also understand that they may come back the next session and lose that, but at least
+[3107.800 --> 3113.160]  you know the recipe to get it and at least you can prescribe them something at home to try to maintain
+[3113.160 --> 3118.280]  it. So that's the idea to say, let's try a couple things and let's see what impact it makes.
+[3118.280 --> 3123.480]  And I think that's, that will be the thing. And now, in saying that, you do, you make a great
+[3123.480 --> 3129.160]  impact. They're moving better. They come back the next session. You check it again and it's better.
+[3129.240 --> 3132.440]  Then maybe check some of those other patterns. So if I've got a poor shoulder pattern,
+[3132.440 --> 3136.920]  I've got a poor lunge pattern. I'm going to work the shoulder and the shoulders better.
+[3136.920 --> 3139.400]  Then I'm going to go back and see if the lunge got better as well.
+[3141.560 --> 3145.480]  And to be honest, many times you can improve shoulder mobility and improve their single
+[3145.480 --> 3150.760]  like stance. So a lot of you all that may work with older adults, those two a lot of times are
+[3150.760 --> 3154.680]  related and improving shoulder mobility could certainly carry over and improve in their stance.
+[3155.560 --> 3164.360]  Great. Another question is, if we detect an upper-crossed syndrome and thoracic stiffness,
+[3165.000 --> 3169.160]  do we have to eliminate all overhead movements until the problem is fixed?
+[3172.120 --> 3180.360]  Good question. I would say it really depends. I would say it depends on, you've got to be the best,
+[3180.360 --> 3187.000]  you've got to be the judge of that. However, I would say they really have poor upper body mobility
+[3187.000 --> 3192.040]  and they really have poor posture. I'm going to say yes, but I'm not going to say they can't do
+[3192.040 --> 3196.680]  upper body activities. I would look at, I would then go right to push up and say they can do push
+[3196.680 --> 3201.080]  steps, they can do forward presses. I'd have them do half kneelings or even standing forward press,
+[3201.080 --> 3205.560]  horizontal presses as opposed to overhead presses. So they feel like they're getting some upper body
+[3205.560 --> 3210.040]  work, but until I get them in a good posture and get their upper body looking a little bit better,
+[3210.040 --> 3214.520]  as far as mobility. Again, it's more about posture than anything. When I feel confident that they
+[3214.520 --> 3219.000]  can go overhead with some load, then I would take them to that position. But one thing you consider,
+[3219.000 --> 3224.920]  depending on, again, the individual, start them with some like a Turkish get up or something like that,
+[3225.560 --> 3231.000]  where actually you start them lying. By the time even if you do a half get up, they got the
+[3231.000 --> 3234.360]  arm above their head and they're working their posture from that position. So in essence,
+[3234.440 --> 3240.280]  it's working your body under your arm. That's a great way to progress the overhead activities.
+[3240.280 --> 3243.720]  So you don't need to start there, but you can get there. So start if you've got any
+[3243.720 --> 3247.320]  some strength training, forward presses, maybe one arm, it's a little bit better, and then maybe
+[3247.320 --> 3252.280]  start with some get ups where you actually work yourself under your arm. That way you can progress
+[3252.280 --> 3259.320]  the upper body training. Great. Here's another one. What are your thoughts on improving
+[3259.320 --> 3266.520]  thoracic mobility and that leading to increased gapular wings? Is that just essay weakness not
+[3266.520 --> 3274.280]  compensating for new teeth spine mobility? Repeat that one because I got thoracic mobility.
+[3274.280 --> 3281.880]  Yeah, repeat that one. What are your thoughts on improving thoracic mobility and that leading
+[3281.880 --> 3291.240]  to increased gapular wings? Is that just essay weakness not compensating for new teeth spine mobility?
+[3292.360 --> 3298.440]  Yeah, I mean, okay. So yes, I'm focused on thoracic spine because that's typically,
+[3298.440 --> 3303.800]  typically a lot of the issues. But let's look at, so let's say the shoulder moves well,
+[3303.800 --> 3309.160]  or let's say the thoracic spine is not a problem, but there's scapula. I would look at our stability
+[3309.160 --> 3314.600]  test, look at rudder stability, even in that quarter-per-position, is it winging out in the push-up?
+[3314.600 --> 3320.200]  Do I notice winging? Those are the areas where I would look to see if there's some winging in the
+[3320.200 --> 3325.320]  scapula. And if there is, then certainly I would address it by doing some type of scapula stability
+[3325.320 --> 3330.120]  activity, but I would first make sure there's no thoracic mobility problems because if they got
+[3330.120 --> 3336.280]  thoracic mobility problems, that scapula will become a little bit more unstable to account for the
+[3336.280 --> 3346.120]  thoracic mobility problem. Sure. You mentioned earlier that the overall rule of the rotator
+[3346.120 --> 3353.640]  cop was to stabilize the joint. Should you focus on strengthening the muscle specifically in order
+[3353.640 --> 3362.520]  to protect the shoulder? Yeah, I don't think there's, and again, this could be just semantics
+[3362.600 --> 3367.240]  on how we talk about strengthening the stability, but cause the rotator cop is a stability muscle,
+[3367.240 --> 3372.920]  it's designed to create stability in the shoulder. It's difficult to isolate and strengthen train it,
+[3372.920 --> 3378.200]  so I would do more stability type training. Now in rehab, if I've got a shoulder problem,
+[3378.200 --> 3383.080]  I may do some internal external rotations. More for blood flow to be honest, more to help get the
+[3383.080 --> 3386.600]  shoulder moving a little bit better, create some blood flow, kind of activate the rotator cuff if you
+[3387.240 --> 3394.520]  will, but if I'm really trying to train the rotator cuff, I think it's better off focusing on more
+[3394.520 --> 3401.560]  stability activities like a carry, like a deadlift, like a pull-up. Those things are very simple,
+[3401.560 --> 3406.440]  but those are going to create distraction. Those are going to force almost to a
+[3406.440 --> 3410.760]  quote unquote dislocation because a pull-up is going to leave you in that hang position, so the
+[3410.760 --> 3415.240]  first thing you've got to do is your rotator cuff is going to activate and create stability.
+[3415.240 --> 3420.440]  Same thing with a carry or an overhead carry, a side-on farmer's carry, an overhead carry.
+[3420.440 --> 3423.560]  Those things are going to force your rotator cuff to work. I mentioned deadlift.
+[3423.560 --> 3428.440]  Deadlift is great for this rotator cuff because again, you don't have to do a heavy deadlift.
+[3428.440 --> 3433.720]  You can do a single arm, RDL, and really work the shoulder. So I think that will be more of the
+[3433.720 --> 3437.560]  idea to create stability and create reflex stabilization.
+[3439.560 --> 3444.680]  Great. Thank you so much, Dr. Burton. We have the questions just keep coming in so we could
+[3444.680 --> 3450.360]  keep you and everyone here all day and we won't do that. So we'll have to wrap it up.
+[3451.080 --> 3458.680]  I would note that we will, as mentioned before, record all the questions and look to focus
+[3459.320 --> 3465.240]  a blog post on this eventually answering the questions. Again, thanks to everyone for attending.

transcript/webinar_rqLspYsGpgA.txt

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+[0.000 --> 11.000]  Good morning, my dear students. Hope you are doing good by staying safe at home.
+[11.000 --> 14.000]  Welcome to our today's session on topic non-vehbal communication.
+[14.000 --> 20.000]  Our today's speaker is Mr. Jagajivan Ram and our Padminabhinsa Raza also
+[20.000 --> 24.000]  is fresh to share his knowledge. Let me introduce our today's speaker.
+[25.000 --> 31.000]  He is the Suttfair trainer from Junior Chamber Training Institute Florida, USA.
+[31.000 --> 34.000]  He is a corporate trainer and consular based at Chennai.
+[34.000 --> 41.000]  He is a master in NLP, a U-Roll English program, a branch of psychology and is also
+[41.000 --> 45.000]  certified in basic transnational analysis. He uses these skills in effectively
+[45.000 --> 49.000]  consling people and helping them in behavior modification.
+[49.000 --> 54.000]  He was employed with Indian Bank for 29 years and he served the bank in various
+[54.000 --> 58.000]  capacities in HRM, customer relationship management and marketing departments.
+[58.000 --> 65.000]  Because of his passion for training, he left the bank in 2008 to become a
+[65.000 --> 69.000]  full-time training professional. He just his rich experience while conducting
+[69.000 --> 73.000]  the training sessions and keeps the session lively. He does training programs
+[73.000 --> 76.000]  traveling all over the country for various groups like engineers,
+[76.000 --> 81.000]  doctors, managers, executives, marketing professionals, students and teachers.
+[81.000 --> 85.000]  Has conducted more than 3000 training programs so far. Jagaj,
+[85.000 --> 89.000]  as he is affectionately called a Touchers the heart, the heart of the participants
+[89.000 --> 95.000]  with his in inimitable style. His special ages in Communication skills and
+[95.000 --> 99.000]  Body Language. His other topics include public speaking leadership skills,
+[99.000 --> 103.000]  goal-sitting and time management, teen dynamics, problems solving skills and
+[103.000 --> 104.600]  skills and training skills.
+[104.600 --> 107.060]  Has been the chief coach of various
+[107.060 --> 110.800]  trainers, the trainers, seminars, and he has produced a lot
+[110.800 --> 114.520]  of trainers and helped them sharpen their training skills.
+[114.520 --> 116.440]  He does training programs regularly
+[116.440 --> 118.240]  for the following institutions.
+[118.240 --> 120.640]  Their new educational media limited channe,
+[120.640 --> 124.760]  Neyali, Lignite Corporation, Vihachial Ranipet,
+[124.760 --> 129.160]  Flickr to Flare, Chennai, Rajalachmi Giri Rinkales,
+[129.160 --> 131.480]  issued off short account that Chennai, Vijay Vada,
+[131.480 --> 134.960]  Kuntu, Hyderabad, Richu, Calicate, and Palakkar,
+[134.960 --> 139.480]  and various other institutions with his brief intro.
+[139.480 --> 144.360]  Sir, Bhaguna Binsar, I request you to give you
+[144.360 --> 146.000]  an introduction of the topic.
+[146.000 --> 146.880]  Very good.
+[146.880 --> 150.640]  Thank you, Shrin.
+[150.640 --> 153.160]  Good morning, my friends.
+[153.160 --> 156.080]  Shrinin has been very supportive and thanks
+[156.080 --> 158.800]  to the leadership of Vijay Vada Branch.
+[158.800 --> 160.760]  We are with you again.
+[160.840 --> 165.760]  Like Madam said, Jagajiviran Ram is one of the star
+[165.760 --> 167.600]  members of the friend and team.
+[167.600 --> 169.640]  And we have been doing programs together
+[169.640 --> 172.160]  in what we call employability skills.
+[172.160 --> 175.720]  To make sure our people get the job.
+[175.720 --> 177.920]  We have knowledge, but how do you communicate
+[177.920 --> 179.720]  that knowledge to other people?
+[179.720 --> 181.920]  That's a million dollar question.
+[181.920 --> 183.280]  Now, yesterday, if you look at it,
+[183.280 --> 187.920]  we talked about oral communication, meaning public speaking.
+[187.920 --> 190.160]  Public speaking will be relevant only
+[190.160 --> 194.920]  when it is supported by appropriate nonverbal communication.
+[194.920 --> 197.760]  It what people call body language.
+[197.760 --> 200.640]  Jagajiviran Ram, but we call him Jagajat.
+[200.640 --> 201.800]  Jagajat is for everybody.
+[201.800 --> 204.800]  Maybe Jagajiviran Ram is for his banking friends.
+[204.800 --> 207.360]  But for all other people, he is known as Jagajat.
+[207.360 --> 211.160]  And he wins the heart of people.
+[211.160 --> 213.120]  You can always see somebody's stuff.
+[213.120 --> 214.960]  Somebody is very supportive.
+[214.960 --> 219.680]  But you will find both the qualities together in Jagajat.
+[219.680 --> 222.760]  So the non-nilber communication, which actually
+[222.760 --> 224.600]  supports the verbal communication,
+[224.600 --> 227.680]  is what Jagajiviran is going to teach all of us.
+[227.680 --> 230.760]  I'm also like all of you eager to listen to Jagajat
+[230.760 --> 233.600]  and welcome Jagajat and stage issuers.
+[233.600 --> 234.120]  Thank you.
+[234.120 --> 235.600]  Thank you.
+[235.600 --> 236.600]  Thank you, Patu.
+[236.600 --> 239.040]  And thank you all the office bearer there
+[239.040 --> 240.960]  at Vijayvada Branch.
+[240.960 --> 243.560]  Good morning, all of you all, my dear friends.
+[243.560 --> 244.880]  We have logged in.
+[244.880 --> 248.320]  Today, we are going to hand in a very, very important part
+[248.320 --> 251.920]  of communication, called normal communication.
+[251.920 --> 255.040]  Normally, communication means we think
+[255.040 --> 257.080]  the speaking is communication.
+[257.080 --> 259.920]  Yes, not only speaking is communication,
+[259.920 --> 263.280]  but there is a more important part of communication
+[263.280 --> 265.520]  called the body language.
+[265.520 --> 268.360]  You might be thinking, what is that?
+[268.360 --> 271.640]  I name body language as reading people.
+[271.640 --> 274.120]  Just by their posters, the way they sit down,
+[274.120 --> 277.080]  the way they stand, the way they move their hands.
+[277.080 --> 279.680]  We call it the gestures, the posters,
+[279.680 --> 283.480]  and facial expression, a person manifest
+[283.480 --> 286.840]  various physical, mental, or emotional state
+[286.840 --> 290.400]  and communicates non-verbaly with others.
+[290.400 --> 295.560]  Actually, communication can be broadly divided into two major parts.
+[295.560 --> 299.800]  One is verbal and the other is non-verbal.
+[299.800 --> 304.800]  Verbal occupies 45% of the communication
+[304.800 --> 309.720]  and non-verbal is 55% of the communication.
+[309.720 --> 314.320]  Yes, non-verbal plays a major role in communication.
+[314.320 --> 318.480]  It has a better impact on communication.
+[318.480 --> 321.400]  It's very hard to believe, no?
+[321.400 --> 326.240]  Actually, we spent all our lives learning a language
+[326.240 --> 329.160]  and improving the vocabulary
+[329.160 --> 332.040]  and learning the nuances of speaking everything.
+[332.040 --> 336.560]  But it goes to say that verbal occupies only 45%
+[336.560 --> 340.080]  non-verbal occupies 55%
+[340.080 --> 345.280]  It is hard to believe, but shall we see it through a small exercise?
+[345.280 --> 346.280]  No?
+[346.280 --> 347.280]  Right?
+[347.280 --> 348.280]  That's a good idea.
+[348.280 --> 349.280]  Yes.
+[349.280 --> 350.280]  Yes.
+[350.280 --> 352.880]  All of you place in your chairs.
+[352.880 --> 357.280]  You sit out relaxed, leading at the back of the chair.
+[357.280 --> 359.840]  Now, do what I say.
+[359.880 --> 361.080]  I'm repeating it.
+[361.080 --> 362.720]  Do what I say.
+[362.720 --> 363.720]  Okay?
+[363.720 --> 364.720]  Right?
+[364.720 --> 367.880]  Now, all of you raise your right hand.
+[367.880 --> 368.880]  Oh, the head.
+[368.880 --> 369.880]  Yes.
+[369.880 --> 370.880]  Yes.
+[370.880 --> 371.880]  That's nice.
+[371.880 --> 372.880]  That's nice.
+[372.880 --> 374.400]  All of you keep your hands like this.
+[374.400 --> 375.400]  Do what I say.
+[375.400 --> 376.400]  Okay?
+[376.400 --> 379.200]  Then touch your head.
+[379.200 --> 382.320]  Touch your nose.
+[382.320 --> 385.320]  Touch your mouth.
+[385.320 --> 388.400]  Touch your ears.
+[388.400 --> 389.800]  Touch your chin.
+[390.640 --> 391.840]  What?
+[391.840 --> 393.320]  What did I say?
+[393.320 --> 394.320]  Chin chin.
+[394.320 --> 397.840]  But we are touching the cheeks.
+[397.840 --> 402.560]  I could say more than 8% of you.
+[402.560 --> 404.560]  More than 8% of you.
+[404.560 --> 410.080]  You are touching the cheeks because why verbal communication is
+[410.080 --> 413.640]  chin whereas my non-verbal communication is cheeks.
+[413.640 --> 419.160]  But what has reached you more effectively than non-verbal communication?
+[419.200 --> 422.000]  That's why we say, while you are communicating,
+[422.000 --> 425.800]  it's not enough if you use only the language.
+[425.800 --> 429.760]  You should also use the proper non-verbal science.
+[429.760 --> 433.600]  So even amongst verbal and non-verbal,
+[433.600 --> 436.280]  verbal visual, it is 45%.
+[436.280 --> 439.840]  We call it as the parallel language, the tone,
+[439.840 --> 443.320]  the modulation, the pitch, everything, occupies.
+[443.320 --> 448.800]  38% of that and language or words is occupies.
+[448.800 --> 452.400]  Only 7% of the total communication.
+[452.400 --> 454.960]  What does it tell us?
+[454.960 --> 459.120]  Words are occupies or the language only 7% of our communication.
+[459.120 --> 461.160]  What does it tell us?
+[461.160 --> 464.880]  It tells us, yes, you will be able to communicate
+[464.880 --> 467.680]  even without knowing language.
+[467.680 --> 472.440]  Suppose we go to North India or we go to some other part of the world
+[472.440 --> 473.960]  where they don't know English.
+[473.960 --> 478.440]  North India where they don't know any other Telugu or Tamil.
+[478.440 --> 483.280]  We speak, our sign language, we manage and come off.
+[483.280 --> 487.240]  That's why no language plays only 7%
+[487.240 --> 494.240]  who said that it is told by one scientist called Albert Maharabhya.
+[494.240 --> 499.400]  He came out with a rule called 738-55 rule.
+[499.400 --> 503.240]  He is the scientist, your doctorate in psychiatry
+[503.240 --> 505.080]  from California University.
+[505.080 --> 508.480]  He has done a wonderful resource on communication
+[508.480 --> 514.720]  and he says, elements of personal communication is 7% spoken words.
+[514.720 --> 520.400]  38% voice and 55% is body language.
+[520.400 --> 525.640]  So body language assumes a major role in the word communication.
+[525.640 --> 527.520]  That's why no, we always say,
+[527.520 --> 531.800]  only speaking, we full of life.
+[531.800 --> 535.200]  We full of life, always wear a smile.
+[535.200 --> 537.360]  That makes you look pleasant.
+[537.360 --> 539.760]  That makes you look attractive.
+[539.760 --> 545.960]  If you can see that we always like somebody who always wears a smile.
+[545.960 --> 551.840]  Would we like someone who always keeps frowning as a stiff face?
+[551.840 --> 552.920]  We don't like.
+[552.920 --> 557.360]  If at all we have got to be a good communicator, please take it from me.
+[557.360 --> 560.800]  You must be liked by people.
+[560.840 --> 563.480]  If people don't like you, they won't listen to you.
+[563.480 --> 567.200]  Normally, we listen to people whom we like.
+[567.200 --> 569.400]  We don't listen to people who we don't like.
+[569.400 --> 572.120]  We give to hoots to what they are speaking.
+[572.120 --> 575.920]  That's why if at all you have got to be a good communicator.
+[575.920 --> 578.680]  First, you must develop a rap power with people.
+[578.680 --> 580.800]  That's very, very important.
+[580.800 --> 583.880]  How can you develop rap power over the strangers?
+[583.880 --> 586.520]  Always wear a smile.
+[586.520 --> 589.840]  Now, let us see various aspects of communication.
+[589.840 --> 593.080]  One aspect is speaking and listening.
+[593.080 --> 595.560]  What type of communication is this?
+[595.560 --> 596.840]  Yes.
+[596.840 --> 599.880]  Yes, it is verbal communication.
+[599.880 --> 602.520]  Now, you tell me reading and writing.
+[602.520 --> 603.360]  What is this?
+[603.360 --> 605.760]  Verbal or non-verbal?
+[605.760 --> 606.360]  Right?
+[606.360 --> 607.800]  You can punch up.
+[607.800 --> 609.040]  You can...
+[609.040 --> 613.480]  You are a chat box, so you can type.
+[613.480 --> 614.320]  Yes, again.
+[614.320 --> 615.040]  You are right.
+[615.040 --> 617.760]  It is again verbal communication.
+[617.760 --> 622.880]  So, speaking and listening, reading and writing are verbal communication.
+[622.880 --> 624.680]  Next, we will see, right?
+[624.680 --> 628.480]  An important aspect of communication is just sharing.
+[628.480 --> 630.880]  Just sharing is nothing but body language.
+[630.880 --> 633.720]  So, it is non-verbal communication.
+[633.720 --> 634.720]  Right?
+[634.720 --> 636.720]  Next, I will display something.
+[636.720 --> 639.320]  Tell me whether it is communication or not.
+[639.320 --> 640.320]  Right?
+[640.320 --> 641.320]  Silence.
+[641.320 --> 643.320]  Is this communication?
+[643.320 --> 644.320]  Yes.
+[644.320 --> 645.320]  Very much.
+[645.320 --> 646.320]  Yes.
+[646.320 --> 647.320]  Okay.
+[647.320 --> 651.320]  Silence is also communication.
+[651.320 --> 652.320]  Okay.
+[652.320 --> 655.640]  If silence is communication, it means yes or no.
+[655.640 --> 657.640]  Oh, silence will be yes?
+[657.640 --> 659.400]  Both are very good.
+[659.400 --> 662.760]  It can be yes or it can be no.
+[662.760 --> 664.280]  We infer it.
+[664.280 --> 666.880]  Underling the word infer.
+[666.880 --> 671.080]  We infer it depending upon other body language signals.
+[671.080 --> 676.760]  He is keeping it, he is not talking, but whether he says yes or no, we will know from his
+[676.760 --> 682.280]  eye contact, we will know from his facial gestures, we will know from his position of soldiers,
+[682.280 --> 683.680]  soldiers, all those things.
+[683.680 --> 690.760]  So, silence is also communication and for information, silence is a very important aspect
+[690.760 --> 691.760]  of communication.
+[691.760 --> 696.080]  That is why they say, no, silence is golden.
+[696.080 --> 701.320]  Sometimes we have to keep quiet at times.
+[701.320 --> 704.920]  We have to open your mouth only at proper times, right?
+[704.920 --> 709.560]  So, silence is very, very important aspect of communication.
+[709.560 --> 713.760]  That is why, no, there was another scientist called Valtha.
+[713.760 --> 719.480]  He said, you cannot not communicate, even if it tries.
+[719.480 --> 720.640]  What does it mean?
+[720.640 --> 727.240]  Even if it tries, you cannot refrain yourself from communicating.
+[727.240 --> 730.040]  Suppose I am sitting down here, right?
+[730.040 --> 732.040]  Suddenly, I don't talk.
+[732.040 --> 735.120]  Just I sit down like this staring at the screen.
+[735.120 --> 737.040]  Am I communicating something?
+[737.040 --> 738.040]  Yes.
+[738.040 --> 739.040]  Yes.
+[739.040 --> 740.040]  I am communicating.
+[740.040 --> 741.040]  Yes.
+[741.040 --> 743.040]  I am communicating non-verbal.
+[743.040 --> 750.040]  You know that something is wrong with my laptop screen or I am not able to hear the audio
+[750.040 --> 752.840]  or I am not in the mood to communicate.
+[752.840 --> 755.840]  Some communication I am passing on.
+[755.840 --> 762.840]  That is why, you know, they say, well, you can not communicate, even if it tries.
+[762.840 --> 771.840]  And they say, we all communicate from the time we are conceived mothers who, please
+[771.840 --> 772.840]  underline it.
+[772.840 --> 779.840]  We are conceived in the mothers who, till the time we go to the grave.
+[779.840 --> 780.840]  Yes.
+[780.840 --> 784.840]  We start communicating from the time we are conceived.
+[784.840 --> 789.840]  That is why, you know, they say, the children, children, how do they communicate with the
+[789.840 --> 790.840]  mother?
+[790.840 --> 795.840]  When they are happy, they move up and down with them, boom, they keep the mother, you know.
+[795.840 --> 803.840]  So children communicate with the mother or by this and also they can infer smell, taste
+[803.840 --> 804.840]  everything.
+[804.840 --> 809.840]  Suppose mother eats something very tasty, a child will like it.
+[809.840 --> 815.840]  And my wife used to say, she was a chemistry teacher.
+[815.840 --> 822.840]  She used to say, when she had conceived of my daughter, when she was pregnant with my daughter,
+[822.840 --> 828.840]  whenever she walks and says, the chemistry lab, the child will start moving up and down in
+[828.840 --> 830.840]  the stomach and will start kicking her.
+[830.840 --> 834.840]  The child does not like the smell of the lab.
+[834.840 --> 838.840]  The child in the womb gets the smell of the lab.
+[838.840 --> 841.840]  So it is communicating with the mother.
+[841.840 --> 845.840]  I used to tell her, jokingly, yes, the child is like me.
+[845.840 --> 849.840]  Because even I don't like chemistry, I don't like chemistry lab.
+[849.840 --> 853.840]  So yes, even the child in the womb can hear also.
+[853.840 --> 856.840]  That is what will be air from the story of Abhimanyu.
+[856.840 --> 862.840]  He learned to get into the chakra viva.
+[862.840 --> 866.840]  He didn't hear when we were out to come out.
+[866.840 --> 871.840]  But he learned how to get into the chakra viva when he was in the mother's womb.
+[871.840 --> 874.840]  So we start communicating.
+[874.840 --> 878.840]  Even from the time we consumed.
+[878.840 --> 880.840]  That is more important.
+[880.840 --> 884.840]  And yes, we start, that is non-verbal communication.
+[884.840 --> 890.840]  We start speaking verbally once we come out into this world.
+[890.840 --> 893.840]  The child cries when it wants milk.
+[893.840 --> 896.840]  That is the first ever verbal communication.
+[896.840 --> 898.840]  What the child does.
+[898.840 --> 904.840]  That is what they say that children start observing.
+[904.840 --> 909.840]  Wildton says that the child can very easily follow,
+[909.840 --> 915.840]  start following the mother from the very first minute it has come into the world.
+[915.840 --> 919.840]  See how well the children observe by observations.
+[919.840 --> 922.840]  They learn by observations.
+[922.840 --> 928.840]  And children start speaking, they translate slowly, they pick up words.
+[928.840 --> 932.840]  Now you tell me children, your boy child or a girl child,
+[932.840 --> 936.840]  what does they start speaking?
+[936.840 --> 939.840]  At what age they start speaking?
+[939.840 --> 945.840]  Yes, I could see somebody writing your boys as four years old.
+[945.840 --> 948.840]  These days boys are also, boys and also smart.
+[948.840 --> 953.840]  They start speaking at the age of two to and off.
+[953.840 --> 956.840]  Gail children?
+[956.840 --> 959.840]  Yes, I could see somebody typing their nine months.
+[959.840 --> 960.840]  No, no.
+[960.840 --> 965.840]  Gail children, they start speaking at the age of one and a half.
+[965.840 --> 969.840]  So girls start speaking yearly in their boys.
+[969.840 --> 973.840]  Okay, boys start speaking at the age of two and a half.
+[973.840 --> 977.840]  When do they stop speaking?
+[977.840 --> 980.840]  When do they stop speaking?
+[980.840 --> 981.840]  Right?
+[981.840 --> 984.840]  Yeah, somebody is not speaking.
+[984.840 --> 986.840]  As soon as they get married, yes.
+[986.840 --> 988.840]  As soon as they get married, they stop speaking.
+[988.840 --> 990.840]  Gail start speaking yearly.
+[990.840 --> 993.840]  When do they stop speaking?
+[993.840 --> 995.840]  They never stop.
+[995.840 --> 996.840]  I'm not delinking.
+[996.840 --> 998.840]  Somebody is typing there.
+[998.840 --> 999.840]  The two are girls.
+[999.840 --> 1000.840]  Right?
+[1000.840 --> 1001.840]  They never stop.
+[1001.840 --> 1002.840]  That's the beauty of it.
+[1002.840 --> 1003.840]  Okay?
+[1003.840 --> 1004.840]  Right?
+[1004.840 --> 1006.840]  We'll see what another scientist is telling.
+[1006.840 --> 1008.840]  He is called Ray Bird Vista.
+[1008.840 --> 1010.840]  He's an anthropologist.
+[1010.840 --> 1018.840]  He gave the name for a non-verbal communication, a scientific name called Kaini-Six.
+[1018.840 --> 1019.840]  Right?
+[1019.840 --> 1027.840]  So he says that we use all our face, eyes, gestures, postures, even the shapes, you know,
+[1027.840 --> 1030.840]  all these things when we are communicating.
+[1030.840 --> 1033.840]  And he says, all the body movements have been meeting.
+[1033.840 --> 1036.840]  Meaning, nothing is accidental.
+[1036.840 --> 1037.840]  Right?
+[1037.840 --> 1039.840]  If you keep your hand like this, one meaning.
+[1039.840 --> 1041.840]  If you keep your hand like this, one meaning.
+[1041.840 --> 1043.840]  You scratch your head like this, one meaning.
+[1043.840 --> 1046.840]  You sit down, relaxing.
+[1046.840 --> 1047.840]  It is one meaning.
+[1047.840 --> 1053.840]  So every single body movement, rather than they say, every single,
+[1053.840 --> 1057.840]  mind-craw movement of the body has a meaning.
+[1057.840 --> 1060.840]  The body movement of the body is a non-verbal, so very powerful.
+[1060.840 --> 1068.840]  So body language cultures of facial expressions, gestures, postures, the way you sit up,
+[1068.840 --> 1073.840]  the way you walk, the way you stand, and the way you sleep also.
+[1073.840 --> 1077.840]  Sleeping posts are also conveying something, visual orientation,
+[1077.840 --> 1084.840]  your eye contact, the movement of the people, your eyes, everything is conveying something to the paper.
+[1084.840 --> 1091.840]  The physical contact, the bag, the tags, the handshake, everything is also non-verbal,
+[1091.840 --> 1093.840]  communication.
+[1093.840 --> 1097.840]  And there is a very, very important aspect of communication.
+[1097.840 --> 1099.840]  It's called proximity.
+[1099.840 --> 1105.840]  The spatial behavior, the space what we maintain, the physical space what we maintain with people,
+[1105.840 --> 1109.840]  also, that way also we are communicating.
+[1109.840 --> 1113.840]  And the most important aspect of communication, often neglected by people,
+[1113.840 --> 1120.840]  is the way you are wearing the dress also, you are communicating.
+[1120.840 --> 1123.840]  You are dressed also, it means something.
+[1123.840 --> 1127.840]  You are dressed formally, you are wearing a coat, you are wearing a tie,
+[1127.840 --> 1133.840]  it means that you are a gentleman, you are occupying some status in the life,
+[1133.840 --> 1138.840]  all those things, you are wearing a t-shirt and a casual pant and shirt,
+[1138.840 --> 1143.840]  it means that you are going for a party or you are relaxing at home, all those things.
+[1143.840 --> 1148.840]  So, dress also is very, very important aspect of communication.
+[1148.840 --> 1156.840]  That's why in your MCS classes, we make it compulsory, all of our students come wearing a tie.
+[1156.840 --> 1163.840]  Why, I know initially, first one or two days, the house will feel very odd wearing a tie.
+[1163.840 --> 1166.840]  They say, what is this or something hanging in the neck,
+[1166.840 --> 1170.840]  that we in a heart place like Vijay Vada, in the summer, when we take classes,
+[1170.840 --> 1174.840]  students all come to walks or in the summer, you ask us to wear a tie.
+[1174.840 --> 1177.840]  Why are we asking to wear your tie?
+[1177.840 --> 1182.840]  Because you are going to be a professional, you are going to come and dress back,
+[1182.840 --> 1184.840]  wherever you go.
+[1184.840 --> 1189.840]  So, wear a tie and go, you are given respect.
+[1189.840 --> 1192.840]  So, that you must get used to it from your student days.
+[1192.840 --> 1197.840]  That's why for MCS students, you make it compulsory to wear a tie and come.
+[1197.840 --> 1201.840]  Maybe you feel odd wearing a tie.
+[1201.840 --> 1207.840]  But you wear a tie and stand before your mother, she is happy or not?
+[1207.840 --> 1209.840]  She is happy or not?
+[1209.840 --> 1211.840]  No? Yes, a very specific, very much.
+[1211.840 --> 1213.840]  Yes, very good. She feels happy, very much.
+[1213.840 --> 1217.840]  She will go and tell to all of our neighbors, friends, everybody.
+[1217.840 --> 1220.840]  Oh, my son is a big man now.
+[1220.840 --> 1222.840]  He is very tight and going everything.
+[1222.840 --> 1223.840]  She feels happy.
+[1223.840 --> 1229.840]  Why? That dress as by wearing tie and by wearing smart, dressing smartly,
+[1229.840 --> 1232.840]  you are coming to people, you are somebody now.
+[1232.840 --> 1237.840]  So, attire is also a very important aspect of communication.
+[1237.840 --> 1240.840]  We discussed about facial expressions.
+[1240.840 --> 1243.840]  See how many expressions we are able to make?
+[1243.840 --> 1245.840]  No? You are able to make it.
+[1245.840 --> 1248.840]  I have shown you here some 20 expressions.
+[1248.840 --> 1251.840]  We also get it like emojis.
+[1251.840 --> 1256.840]  We use all our emojis while we are in the system.
+[1256.840 --> 1260.840]  So, 20 of various expressions I have shown.
+[1260.840 --> 1262.840]  What is the best expression?
+[1262.840 --> 1264.840]  Which expression do you like?
+[1264.840 --> 1268.840]  What is the best expression to have always?
+[1268.840 --> 1271.840]  On the top row, the middle one.
+[1271.840 --> 1273.840]  Sliding or smiling.
+[1273.840 --> 1277.840]  Now, we will see what is the very special expression.
+[1277.840 --> 1280.840]  This lady is showing happiness.
+[1280.840 --> 1282.840]  Why do we say she is showing happiness?
+[1282.840 --> 1286.840]  A broad smile, twinkling eyes, all those things,
+[1286.840 --> 1289.840]  gives us a feeling that she is happy.
+[1289.840 --> 1292.840]  This child, no, it is first seen.
+[1292.840 --> 1298.840]  Because it has kept its arm like this and also see the lip.
+[1299.840 --> 1305.840]  So, we in body language is a very tricky science.
+[1305.840 --> 1310.840]  The posture we call it as the open posture, the closed posture.
+[1310.840 --> 1316.840]  Open posture or positive posture, closed posture or negative posture.
+[1316.840 --> 1319.840]  Open posture is maintaining eye contact.
+[1319.840 --> 1325.840]  Then palms visible, open by the side of your body.
+[1326.840 --> 1331.840]  When you move your gestures, when you use hand gestures, palms are open.
+[1331.840 --> 1337.840]  And the projector, chest, all those things shows and also your tilt in the front.
+[1337.840 --> 1340.840]  All these things show that you have an open posture.
+[1340.840 --> 1347.840]  You have folded your hands or you have put your hand in the back.
+[1347.840 --> 1351.840]  Or you have taken your hand to the back, all those things.
+[1352.840 --> 1354.840]  And you don't maintain eye contact.
+[1354.840 --> 1359.840]  These we call as closed posture or negative posture.
+[1359.840 --> 1363.840]  And this one we all know, all the best, keep it up.
+[1363.840 --> 1367.840]  And this one, the child is jumping with joy.
+[1367.840 --> 1372.840]  The difference between the yearly time whom we saw and this side whom we are seeing now.
+[1372.840 --> 1379.840]  This one is rising his hand up and is exhibiting a very flashing smile.
+[1379.840 --> 1381.840]  The child is happy.
+[1381.840 --> 1385.840]  Children, they don't conceal their emotions.
+[1385.840 --> 1388.840]  They express it immediately.
+[1388.840 --> 1392.840]  And just see this pose.
+[1392.840 --> 1399.840]  Now you tell me what you infer from this pose.
+[1399.840 --> 1403.840]  Yes, what the gentleman is doing there.
+[1403.840 --> 1406.840]  You can type into a chat box.
+[1407.840 --> 1411.840]  What the gentleman, what is he doing there?
+[1411.840 --> 1415.840]  Yes, somebody is typing that he is waiting.
+[1415.840 --> 1417.840]  Yes, he is waiting.
+[1417.840 --> 1419.840]  Oh, somebody is typing there.
+[1419.840 --> 1420.840]  He is angry.
+[1420.840 --> 1424.840]  Oh, and somebody is typing that he is waiting for his car.
+[1424.840 --> 1425.840]  Good.
+[1425.840 --> 1427.840]  How do you know he is waiting for his car?
+[1427.840 --> 1428.840]  Okay.
+[1428.840 --> 1430.840]  Another person is typing, right?
+[1430.840 --> 1433.840]  That he is frustrated.
+[1433.840 --> 1435.840]  Another person is typing.
+[1435.840 --> 1436.840]  He is irritated.
+[1436.840 --> 1437.840]  Fantastic.
+[1437.840 --> 1438.840]  Very good responses.
+[1438.840 --> 1440.840]  You people have become the experts in body language.
+[1440.840 --> 1441.840]  Very good.
+[1441.840 --> 1442.840]  Very good.
+[1442.840 --> 1444.840]  I am happy with the responses.
+[1444.840 --> 1445.840]  What I receive.
+[1445.840 --> 1446.840]  Very good.
+[1446.840 --> 1447.840]  Yes.
+[1447.840 --> 1448.840]  Yes.
+[1448.840 --> 1449.840]  Now somebody typed there.
+[1449.840 --> 1450.840]  That he is angry.
+[1450.840 --> 1451.840]  Somebody typed there.
+[1451.840 --> 1453.840]  He is irritated all those things.
+[1453.840 --> 1454.840]  When somebody is angry.
+[1454.840 --> 1456.840]  When somebody is not in the mood.
+[1456.840 --> 1457.840]  How do we know?
+[1457.840 --> 1459.840]  We know from his facial expression.
+[1459.840 --> 1463.840]  But you tell me in this picture,
+[1463.840 --> 1465.840]  do you see his face?
+[1465.840 --> 1468.840]  But you are saying that he is angry.
+[1468.840 --> 1470.840]  You are saying that he is irritated.
+[1470.840 --> 1471.840]  Right?
+[1471.840 --> 1474.840]  That's the beauty of body language.
+[1474.840 --> 1477.840]  You need not even see the face.
+[1477.840 --> 1479.840]  We are only seeing the back.
+[1479.840 --> 1481.840]  That's the beauty of body language.
+[1481.840 --> 1484.840]  From head to toe, either in the front or in the back.
+[1484.840 --> 1487.840]  We are always conveying some message.
+[1487.840 --> 1490.840]  And somebody typed there as he is waiting for the car.
+[1490.840 --> 1491.840]  Very good.
+[1491.840 --> 1492.840]  I like it.
+[1492.840 --> 1493.840]  I like it.
+[1493.840 --> 1494.840]  Good response.
+[1494.840 --> 1496.840]  Why do you say he is waiting for a car?
+[1496.840 --> 1497.840]  Not for a bus.
+[1497.840 --> 1499.840]  Again, the Ateh are.
+[1499.840 --> 1503.840]  A person who is in suit, who is wearing his full suit
+[1503.840 --> 1506.840]  and waiting naturally will be waiting for a car.
+[1506.840 --> 1507.840]  Very good inference.
+[1507.840 --> 1508.840]  Thank you.
+[1508.840 --> 1510.840]  So he is waiting for a car.
+[1510.840 --> 1513.840]  See, just even by seeing the back side of a bus
+[1513.840 --> 1516.840]  and you are able to come out with so much of inference.
+[1516.840 --> 1519.840]  That's the beauty of body language.
+[1519.840 --> 1520.840]  Right?
+[1520.840 --> 1523.840]  And we see now the importance of eye contact.
+[1523.840 --> 1524.840]  Right?
+[1524.840 --> 1526.840]  In this eye, what does it say?
+[1526.840 --> 1527.840]  He is excited.
+[1527.840 --> 1529.840]  He is happy.
+[1529.840 --> 1530.840]  Right?
+[1530.840 --> 1532.840]  This eye is angry.
+[1532.840 --> 1533.840]  Okay?
+[1533.840 --> 1537.840]  Just looking at that, we can know the good of a person.
+[1537.840 --> 1543.840]  And this is the first ever physical contact we have with people shaking off hands.
+[1543.840 --> 1544.840]  Right?
+[1544.840 --> 1550.840]  And we can tell the person who is in a way a person who is in a way that we can tell the person.
+[1550.840 --> 1551.840]  Okay?
+[1551.840 --> 1552.840]  There.
+[1552.840 --> 1553.840]  We saw proximate.
+[1553.840 --> 1556.840]  You know, that's the distance we maintain with people.
+[1556.840 --> 1558.840]  It is again divided into four zones.
+[1558.840 --> 1561.840]  Intimate zone, personal zone, social zone and public zone.
+[1561.840 --> 1562.840]  Right?
+[1562.840 --> 1567.840]  And normally, which strangers we maintain in the social zone.
+[1567.840 --> 1571.840]  And with just two friends, we maintain the personal zone.
+[1571.840 --> 1577.840]  Very close friends, siblings, parents, we maintain the intimate zone.
+[1577.840 --> 1580.840]  Body language is a pretty science.
+[1580.840 --> 1581.840]  Right?
+[1581.840 --> 1584.840]  I said holding hands like this is defensive.
+[1584.840 --> 1586.840]  But is it always defensive?
+[1586.840 --> 1593.840]  So, we should never infer the body language by one signal.
+[1593.840 --> 1597.840]  That's why, you know, they say, you must apply the rule of seven.
+[1597.840 --> 1604.840]  The first ever rule is, we should always go by the cluster of signals what an individual is exhibiting.
+[1604.840 --> 1609.840]  How we see sand, how we see space, how we see eye contact, how we see shoulder,
+[1609.840 --> 1614.840]  all these things put together, then only you infer the meaning.
+[1614.840 --> 1618.840]  And under what context is exhibiting the signal?
+[1618.840 --> 1623.840]  I told you, now, that people who are folding their hands are defensive.
+[1623.840 --> 1624.840]  Right?
+[1624.840 --> 1631.840]  But you go to a few stations like UTR body corner, everybody is walking like this.
+[1631.840 --> 1638.840]  Does it mean in UTR body corner, everybody is negative, everybody is defensive?
+[1638.840 --> 1639.840]  No.
+[1639.840 --> 1642.840]  Whether requires everybody to walk like that.
+[1642.840 --> 1647.840]  So, we must infer body language under what context does signal is coming?
+[1647.840 --> 1651.840]  Then the third is, Kon Gurya range.
+[1651.840 --> 1655.840]  Kon Gurya range is the relationship between one signal and the other.
+[1655.840 --> 1658.840]  Take all the body language signals.
+[1658.840 --> 1659.840]  Right?
+[1659.840 --> 1663.840]  And relate and then arrive at the meaning.
+[1663.840 --> 1666.840]  One body language signal is like one word.
+[1666.840 --> 1669.840]  Kon Gurya range is like a sentence.
+[1669.840 --> 1672.840]  Take all the body language signals and then arrive at the meaning.
+[1672.840 --> 1679.840]  And control whether it's a natural gesture or he is trying to control the gesture.
+[1679.840 --> 1685.840]  Then culture also plays an important role in body language.
+[1685.840 --> 1686.840]  Right?
+[1686.840 --> 1692.840]  So, South Indian culture, we don't shake hands with the opposite gender.
+[1692.840 --> 1697.840]  Whereas we go to North Indian, Western culture, they call it shake hands.
+[1697.840 --> 1698.840]  I am from South India.
+[1698.840 --> 1699.840]  Right?
+[1699.840 --> 1702.840]  I am not used to shaking hands with the opposite gender.
+[1702.840 --> 1706.840]  I am going to a Western country, a lady, an extant, and I am not extant.
+[1706.840 --> 1709.840]  Does it mean I am a very arrogant person?
+[1709.840 --> 1712.840]  No, my culture is, I say namaste.
+[1712.840 --> 1713.840]  Right?
+[1713.840 --> 1717.840]  I am not used to shaking hands with the opposite gender.
+[1717.840 --> 1723.840]  At this juncture, my dear friends, I would say namaste is the best form of greetings.
+[1723.840 --> 1724.840]  Please do it.
+[1724.840 --> 1729.840]  That too, at this point of time, touching is also, somebody is not advisable.
+[1729.840 --> 1732.840]  Our culture has thought as something wonderful.
+[1732.840 --> 1734.840]  Namaste, namaste, namaste, namaste.
+[1734.840 --> 1736.840]  You say namaste, namaste, namaste, namaste.
+[1736.840 --> 1737.840]  Keep it.
+[1737.840 --> 1741.840]  Then commonality, some gestures are common.
+[1741.840 --> 1745.840]  Like the V sign, the thumb above, all those things are common.
+[1745.840 --> 1747.840]  All over the world.
+[1747.840 --> 1750.840]  Karsha, the seventh seed, Karsha.
+[1750.840 --> 1754.840]  You must be cautious while interpreting the signal.
+[1754.840 --> 1758.840]  Otherwise, instead of understanding the people, you will land up,
+[1758.840 --> 1760.840]  miss out the static, the way people.
+[1760.840 --> 1764.840]  Why do you learn a body language to understand people better?
+[1764.840 --> 1770.840]  As I said, reading people, read more than what they communicate verbally.
+[1770.840 --> 1773.840]  That's why you are learning body language.
+[1773.840 --> 1780.840]  So, I would have to be cautious enough to interpret perfectly what is body language,
+[1780.840 --> 1781.840]  examinaries.
+[1781.840 --> 1783.840]  Right?
+[1783.840 --> 1788.840]  And do you know, we see how many of you know that,
+[1788.840 --> 1795.840]  how many body language signal a human being is capable of showing?
+[1795.840 --> 1798.840]  You can type it in our chat box.
+[1798.840 --> 1799.840]  Right?
+[1799.840 --> 1802.840]  Somebody is typing a 50, 50.
+[1802.840 --> 1805.840]  No, it is much more, much more.
+[1805.840 --> 1806.840]  Let's try.
+[1806.840 --> 1807.840]  Yes.
+[1807.840 --> 1809.840]  Somebody is typing as 200.
+[1809.840 --> 1810.840]  Good.
+[1810.840 --> 1811.840]  Yeah, but still much more.
+[1811.840 --> 1813.840]  200 is also this.
+[1813.840 --> 1814.840]  Much more.
+[1814.840 --> 1815.840]  Right?
+[1815.840 --> 1817.840]  Somebody is typing yes?
+[1818.840 --> 1820.840]  What is that?
+[1820.840 --> 1822.840]  Yes, yes, return.
+[1822.840 --> 1824.840]  Yes, yes, eight.
+[1824.840 --> 1828.840]  Eightly, eight signals, who is that congew spell?
+[1828.840 --> 1829.840]  Right?
+[1829.840 --> 1832.840]  Eight signals is too very less.
+[1832.840 --> 1833.840]  It is much more.
+[1833.840 --> 1834.840]  I have said it all, you know.
+[1834.840 --> 1835.840]  It is much more.
+[1835.840 --> 1837.840]  Yeah, somebody type as one land.
+[1837.840 --> 1839.840]  Very good idea of land.
+[1839.840 --> 1843.840]  It is six, land, 50,000 nonverbal signal.
+[1843.840 --> 1846.840]  Every human being is capable of producing.
+[1846.840 --> 1851.840]  Six, land, 50,000 nonverbal signals.
+[1851.840 --> 1854.840]  Then see how powerful is body language.
+[1854.840 --> 1858.840]  And even amongst that, six, land, 50,000 nonverbal signal,
+[1858.840 --> 1863.840]  the upper part of the body from the neck to the head,
+[1863.840 --> 1867.840]  it can produce more than one land, 50,000 nonverbal signals.
+[1867.840 --> 1869.840]  Amazing, you know.
+[1869.840 --> 1870.840]  Right?
+[1870.840 --> 1871.840]  Yes.
+[1871.840 --> 1874.840]  And the language of the hand, even the hand, the fingers,
+[1874.840 --> 1877.840]  all those things, you know, they are conveying something.
+[1877.840 --> 1880.840]  Technically, it is called chirology.
+[1880.840 --> 1884.840]  And body movements are micromanmentary.
+[1884.840 --> 1888.840]  It might even, if you person might exhibit a body language signal,
+[1888.840 --> 1892.840]  even for a microsecond, which should be able to immediately infer.
+[1892.840 --> 1893.840]  Right?
+[1893.840 --> 1899.840]  And the face, most expensive photo of the body,
+[1899.840 --> 1901.840]  it draws our attention first.
+[1901.840 --> 1904.840]  And it is the most reliable indicator of emotion.
+[1904.840 --> 1905.840]  Right?
+[1905.840 --> 1908.840]  We have six basic emotions.
+[1908.840 --> 1915.840]  Anger, discussed, fear, joy, sadness, and surprise.
+[1915.840 --> 1919.840]  This we call as six basic emotions a person has.
+[1919.840 --> 1923.840]  A person may be, anger out of fear.
+[1923.840 --> 1927.840]  A person may be a joy out of surprise.
+[1927.840 --> 1931.840]  A person may be disgusted out of sadness.
+[1931.840 --> 1932.840]  Also, right?
+[1932.840 --> 1934.840]  That combination, permutation combinations,
+[1934.840 --> 1941.840]  a human being is capable of showing 300 facial expressions.
+[1941.840 --> 1948.840]  And on the left side, you could see there is a facial expression called the neutral expression.
+[1948.840 --> 1950.840]  What is that?
+[1950.840 --> 1951.840]  A neutral expression.
+[1951.840 --> 1954.840]  It is called the poker face.
+[1954.840 --> 1957.840]  Some people, some people, right?
+[1957.840 --> 1962.840]  They never, you cannot find anything from the face.
+[1962.840 --> 1964.840]  You can never find anything.
+[1964.840 --> 1967.840]  They never express any kind of emotions.
+[1967.840 --> 1968.840]  Right?
+[1968.840 --> 1970.840]  You would have come across such people, no?
+[1970.840 --> 1972.840]  They will always be stiff.
+[1972.840 --> 1973.840]  What is running in this mind?
+[1973.840 --> 1975.840]  We can never infer.
+[1975.840 --> 1977.840]  You will always be sitting on like this.
+[1977.840 --> 1980.840]  Maybe you will also have some friends of yours, no?
+[1980.840 --> 1982.840]  That who refused to smile?
+[1982.840 --> 1984.840]  Who don't have any emotions?
+[1984.840 --> 1985.840]  Right?
+[1985.840 --> 1986.840]  Right?
+[1986.840 --> 1991.840]  Then how do we infer what they are thinking from other body language signals?
+[1991.840 --> 1992.840]  Right?
+[1992.840 --> 1994.840]  Some people are so aware of it.
+[1994.840 --> 1996.840]  But, you are front of your words now.
+[1996.840 --> 1997.840]  You go and tell it.
+[1997.840 --> 1998.840]  Hey, Mira,
+[1998.840 --> 2000.840]  I will tell you something.
+[2000.840 --> 2003.840]  No emotions.
+[2003.840 --> 2005.840]  You will be sitting all like this.
+[2005.840 --> 2007.840]  Hey, Mira,
+[2007.840 --> 2009.840]  you are here.
+[2009.840 --> 2011.840]  No emotions.
+[2011.840 --> 2012.840]  No emotions.
+[2012.840 --> 2014.840]  No response at all.
+[2014.840 --> 2015.840]  Then you will tell him,
+[2015.840 --> 2016.840]  Para.
+[2016.840 --> 2017.840]  Mira,
+[2017.840 --> 2018.840]  you will tell him,
+[2018.840 --> 2019.840]  Who?
+[2019.840 --> 2020.840]  No, no stone.
+[2020.840 --> 2024.840]  Even that, no, he will not have any expression.
+[2024.840 --> 2026.840]  With the stiff face, you will tell,
+[2026.840 --> 2027.840]  No, no stone.
+[2027.840 --> 2028.840]  What does it mean?
+[2028.840 --> 2032.840]  People are not used to convey their emotions.
+[2032.840 --> 2033.840]  That's all.
+[2033.840 --> 2034.840]  Right?
+[2034.840 --> 2036.840]  Right?
+[2036.840 --> 2040.840]  And very important aspect of body language smiley.
+[2040.840 --> 2043.840]  Smiling conveys general state of acceptance,
+[2043.840 --> 2047.840]  Frowning conveys rejection and disagreement.
+[2047.840 --> 2050.840]  You must activate 43 muscles to frow,
+[2050.840 --> 2053.840]  but only 70 to smile.
+[2053.840 --> 2055.840]  So what is better now?
+[2055.840 --> 2058.840]  Smiling is better.
+[2058.840 --> 2059.840]  Right?
+[2059.840 --> 2061.840]  So smile, it costs nothing.
+[2061.840 --> 2063.840]  It takes a moment, but leaves a lasting memory.
+[2063.840 --> 2065.840]  It creates happiness.
+[2065.840 --> 2068.840]  It has no value until it is given away.
+[2068.840 --> 2069.840]  Right?
+[2069.840 --> 2072.840]  So how to smile very, very important.
+[2072.840 --> 2074.840]  A smile is a cow that will straighten things.
+[2074.840 --> 2078.840]  And you are not fully dressed until you wear a smile.
+[2078.840 --> 2079.840]  Okay?
+[2079.840 --> 2080.840]  Right?
+[2080.840 --> 2081.840]  You will think,
+[2081.840 --> 2082.840]  Jagat sir came and told us,
+[2082.840 --> 2083.840]  Always wear a smile.
+[2083.840 --> 2084.840]  But how to smile?
+[2084.840 --> 2086.840]  No, after this seminar,
+[2086.840 --> 2088.840]  you turn to your family members,
+[2088.840 --> 2089.840]  you turn to your mother,
+[2089.840 --> 2091.840]  and you wear a smile.
+[2091.840 --> 2092.840]  You say,
+[2092.840 --> 2093.840]  I'll check it,
+[2093.840 --> 2094.840]  always smile.
+[2094.840 --> 2095.840]  But what kind of smile?
+[2095.840 --> 2096.840]  That is more important.
+[2096.840 --> 2098.840]  What kind of smile you must wear?
+[2098.840 --> 2099.840]  All right?
+[2099.840 --> 2100.840]  It is, we all ask,
+[2100.840 --> 2101.840]  simple smile,
+[2101.840 --> 2104.840]  where the teeth are not exposed.
+[2104.840 --> 2106.840]  Slide along this now.
+[2106.840 --> 2108.840]  Lips, that's all.
+[2108.840 --> 2109.840]  Right?
+[2109.840 --> 2111.840]  Don't expose your teeth.
+[2111.840 --> 2115.840]  Upper smile exposes the upper set of teeth.
+[2115.840 --> 2119.840]  And broad smile exposes both set of teeth.
+[2119.840 --> 2123.840]  We do it when we are really happy.
+[2123.840 --> 2126.840]  And we call it a nonsense smile.
+[2126.840 --> 2129.840]  Lips go back and stay there.
+[2129.840 --> 2130.840]  No, that's it.
+[2130.840 --> 2131.840]  Nonsense smile.
+[2131.840 --> 2132.840]  We'll see now.
+[2132.840 --> 2134.840]  I'll show you some of the slides now.
+[2134.840 --> 2135.840]  Right?
+[2135.840 --> 2136.840]  This is simple smile.
+[2136.840 --> 2137.840]  Our teeth are not seen.
+[2137.840 --> 2139.840]  Only lipids are all gay.
+[2139.840 --> 2141.840]  Simple smile.
+[2141.840 --> 2142.840]  Right?
+[2142.840 --> 2143.840]  Just, no.
+[2143.840 --> 2145.840]  That is our synch on the left hand side.
+[2145.840 --> 2146.840]  See, where is a simple smile?
+[2146.840 --> 2147.840]  Our teeth are not exposed.
+[2147.840 --> 2148.840]  But how do we know?
+[2148.840 --> 2149.840]  She is smiling.
+[2149.840 --> 2153.840]  There will be a two-kill in the eyes.
+[2153.840 --> 2154.840]  Simple smile.
+[2154.840 --> 2158.840]  This upper smile, where the upper teeth are exposed.
+[2158.840 --> 2162.840]  Our favorite dental term, we do it's upper smile.
+[2162.840 --> 2163.840]  Right?
+[2163.840 --> 2165.840]  Mukeshampani.
+[2165.840 --> 2168.840]  And all upper smiles.
+[2168.840 --> 2175.840]  And there is the broad smile, where you are exposed, both set of teeth.
+[2175.840 --> 2177.840]  Kent is also very, very powerful.
+[2177.840 --> 2179.840]  Kent not is positive.
+[2179.840 --> 2182.840]  Just your head shake is negative.
+[2182.840 --> 2188.840]  Just your small head nod is confirming attention.
+[2188.840 --> 2189.840]  Right?
+[2189.840 --> 2193.840]  When you are listening intently, when you are listening seriously with somebody, you know,
+[2193.840 --> 2198.840]  without your own knowing, that is subconsciously, you do a small nod.
+[2198.840 --> 2203.840]  So when you give a smile nod, the speaker is encouraged.
+[2203.840 --> 2207.840]  Because he gets that small nod from his audience.
+[2207.840 --> 2210.840]  So small head nod is confirming attention.
+[2210.840 --> 2213.840]  Long head nod, you know, agreement.
+[2213.840 --> 2214.840]  Yes, yes.
+[2214.840 --> 2215.840]  Oh no, oh no.
+[2215.840 --> 2219.840]  I am saying, yes, I agree with you.
+[2219.840 --> 2222.840]  But Kent tilt his signal of the pin track.
+[2222.840 --> 2227.840]  They say that when somebody listens to somebody with a lot of interest,
+[2227.840 --> 2232.840]  they tilt their head.
+[2232.840 --> 2236.840]  Both is also a very important area.
+[2236.840 --> 2240.840]  The pessimistic mouth, the strokes of the corner, the optimistic mouth,
+[2240.840 --> 2245.840]  has the lips upturned.
+[2245.840 --> 2246.840]  Right.
+[2246.840 --> 2248.840]  Have you seen people who are gossiping?
+[2248.840 --> 2250.840]  You would have come across people who are gossiping, you know.
+[2250.840 --> 2252.840]  Or people who lie.
+[2252.840 --> 2254.840]  They are honest, covered in mouth.
+[2254.840 --> 2258.840]  When you are speaking normally, even while gossiping, you can speak normally.
+[2258.840 --> 2260.840]  Who do they cover their mouth?
+[2260.840 --> 2262.840]  They are not confident themselves.
+[2262.840 --> 2264.840]  They are guilty themselves.
+[2264.840 --> 2266.840]  They are gossiping.
+[2266.840 --> 2268.840]  So they cover their mouth.
+[2268.840 --> 2270.840]  Same way, they are guilty themselves.
+[2270.840 --> 2271.840]  They are lying.
+[2271.840 --> 2273.840]  So they cover their mouth.
+[2273.840 --> 2276.840]  See here, the two children, they are planning something naughty.
+[2276.840 --> 2278.840]  So they are covering their mouth.
+[2278.840 --> 2285.840]  So when we do something against our own consciousness, unconsciously we will cover the mouth.
+[2285.840 --> 2288.840]  Yes, covering is guilty.
+[2288.840 --> 2289.840]  Right.
+[2289.840 --> 2294.840]  So far, ice, ice convey.
+[2294.840 --> 2296.840]  We have seen this area.
+[2296.840 --> 2302.840]  The way you wear the glass also, it conveys what kind of yumosha you are exhibiting.
+[2302.840 --> 2307.840]  Here you see, this is by-ing time or gaining time.
+[2307.840 --> 2312.840]  So glass, somebody will keep their glasses like this, is evaluating.
+[2312.840 --> 2313.840]  Right.
+[2313.840 --> 2314.840]  Okay.
+[2314.840 --> 2318.840]  So far, we have seen so many aspects of body language.
+[2318.840 --> 2319.840]  Right.
+[2319.840 --> 2321.840]  So now you have got any question.
+[2321.840 --> 2326.840]  Now I am going to take you to how do you begin when you go for interview or when you go
+[2326.840 --> 2327.840]  for your GD.
+[2327.840 --> 2328.840]  Right.
+[2328.840 --> 2334.840]  So before I proceed further, you people, if you have got any doubt in the matter we handle
+[2334.840 --> 2337.840]  so far, you can start asking me question.
+[2337.840 --> 2342.840]  Then we will spend some one or two minutes and then I will get to a very important aspect
+[2342.840 --> 2343.840]  in a student's life.
+[2343.840 --> 2349.840]  Now how should I, my body language be when I go for an interview and how should my
+[2349.840 --> 2353.840]  body language be when I go for GD.
+[2353.840 --> 2354.840]  Right.
+[2354.840 --> 2358.840]  You can start shooting because you can type it in watch out box.
+[2358.840 --> 2360.840]  Jagat, I have a question.
+[2360.840 --> 2361.840]  Yes, please.
+[2361.840 --> 2362.840]  Yeah.
+[2362.840 --> 2368.840]  When you said smile is so important, it is not only easier to smile, but how is that people
+[2368.840 --> 2369.840]  don't smile?
+[2369.840 --> 2370.840]  Why they don't smile?
+[2370.840 --> 2371.840]  No.
+[2371.840 --> 2379.840]  It is again our culture, our girls, when they have been brought up, our parents have told
+[2379.840 --> 2386.840]  don't go and stand in front of a stranger to your man smiling, exposing your teeth.
+[2386.840 --> 2387.840]  No.
+[2387.840 --> 2388.840]  They prevent them.
+[2388.840 --> 2392.840]  So they think I should never smile at the opposite gender.
+[2392.840 --> 2397.840]  And we have seen our parents are our role model.
+[2397.840 --> 2402.840]  Why is our eyes, by seeing their father always having a stiff face.
+[2402.840 --> 2405.840]  He also starts immediately is father.
+[2405.840 --> 2411.840]  Without knowing the value of the smile, that is why we are not smiling.
+[2411.840 --> 2412.840]  Yes.
+[2412.840 --> 2415.840]  What you are saying is actually we learn from our parents very early.
+[2415.840 --> 2416.840]  Yes.
+[2416.840 --> 2422.840]  As I said, the child starts observing from the first minute of his birth.
+[2422.840 --> 2423.840]  Okay.
+[2423.840 --> 2425.840]  We start observing and we start learning.
+[2425.840 --> 2428.840]  So can we also learn from our teachers?
+[2428.840 --> 2429.840]  Very much.
+[2429.840 --> 2430.840]  Very much.
+[2430.840 --> 2437.840]  You know, see, actually I was a banker, but I chose this profession because I had a role model
+[2437.840 --> 2439.840]  at a professor in my college.
+[2439.840 --> 2440.840]  Okay.
+[2440.840 --> 2442.840]  Who was a hit with the students?
+[2442.840 --> 2443.840]  You know, always very smile.
+[2443.840 --> 2444.840]  Right?
+[2444.840 --> 2446.840]  He has a very good hand just as everything.
+[2446.840 --> 2451.840]  I used to always think, if at all I become, I go on a teaching profession, I will be
+[2451.840 --> 2452.840]  like him.
+[2452.840 --> 2454.840]  We learn from our teachers also.
+[2454.840 --> 2457.840]  Maybe that influenced me to reset my job.
+[2457.840 --> 2463.840]  I was always wondering, why you kicked up such a good job and came into training?
+[2463.840 --> 2465.840]  Now you have failed.
+[2465.840 --> 2466.840]  Thank you very much.
+[2466.840 --> 2467.840]  Yes.
+[2467.840 --> 2468.840]  Yes.
+[2468.840 --> 2472.840]  You are saying you know very important that the dress actually makes a difference.
+[2472.840 --> 2473.840]  Yes.
+[2473.840 --> 2479.840]  What made you say that, you know, the dress that you are wearing will make a difference in
+[2479.840 --> 2480.840]  when you are wearing dresses.
+[2480.840 --> 2481.840]  Yes.
+[2481.840 --> 2483.840]  When others look at you, can you get a little bit of that?
+[2483.840 --> 2484.840]  Yes.
+[2484.840 --> 2485.840]  Now, see, wear these kind of dresses.
+[2485.840 --> 2486.840]  We wear on various occasions.
+[2486.840 --> 2487.840]  At home, casual dressing.
+[2487.840 --> 2498.840]  Either we wear a lungi or a moonnu or a dothi or we wear vermudas, tradhsuts and a t-shirt
+[2498.840 --> 2499.840]  at home.
+[2499.840 --> 2500.840]  We are relaxing.
+[2500.840 --> 2507.840]  So, you see a person with a dothi and a bunion, what kind of an image he is giving?
+[2507.840 --> 2510.840]  He is at home and he is relaxing.
+[2510.840 --> 2516.840]  You see a person in the parties wearing a jazz, he shirt, jeans, everything.
+[2516.840 --> 2518.840]  It is the dress he has got.
+[2518.840 --> 2520.840]  He has worn, got under, party.
+[2520.840 --> 2528.240]  And you see a person and executive, he has shot at a counter and wearing a formal dress with
+[2528.240 --> 2530.240]  a tie and coat.
+[2530.240 --> 2533.840]  Everything is serious about this job.
+[2533.840 --> 2535.840]  So, the dress commands respect.
+[2536.840 --> 2537.840]  It is very, very important.
+[2537.840 --> 2541.840]  In other words, what you are saying is that the very dress actually gives you the first
+[2541.840 --> 2542.840]  impression.
+[2542.840 --> 2543.840]  Yes.
+[2543.840 --> 2544.840]  Other pieces.
+[2544.840 --> 2545.840]  Yeah.
+[2545.840 --> 2546.840]  Whether they are picking you or not.
+[2546.840 --> 2547.840]  It is a very correct.
+[2547.840 --> 2548.840]  Very correct.
+[2548.840 --> 2549.840]  I am very happy.
+[2549.840 --> 2550.840]  You brought it.
+[2550.840 --> 2557.840]  Because people always judge you by the first look what you present to them.
+[2557.840 --> 2563.840]  Just imagine, when we opened this webinar in the morning, I came and sat down here.
+[2563.840 --> 2565.840]  Many of you, some of you would have seen me earlier.
+[2565.840 --> 2568.840]  Many of you will be seeing you for the first time.
+[2568.840 --> 2572.840]  So, I sit down here wearing a tie and a tie and a tie and a tie and a tie and a tie.
+[2572.840 --> 2574.840]  You would have found some impression about me.
+[2574.840 --> 2577.840]  Now, that impression is the lasting impression.
+[2577.840 --> 2583.840]  That is why we say when you go for an interview, dress properly and go.
+[2583.840 --> 2588.840]  Because seeing your attire, they are going to have your first impression which is going to
+[2588.840 --> 2590.840]  be the best impression.
+[2590.840 --> 2591.840]  Yes.
+[2591.840 --> 2592.840]  Yes.
+[2592.840 --> 2593.840]  Before we proceed further.
+[2593.840 --> 2594.840]  Yes.
+[2594.840 --> 2597.840]  Do you think that we must also continue in your office?
+[2597.840 --> 2598.840]  Okay.
+[2598.840 --> 2599.840]  Getting a job is fine.
+[2599.840 --> 2605.840]  But I think we need to actually also communicate that we are serious in the office also.
+[2605.840 --> 2608.840]  So, I think it is a good idea to wear a formal dress to offices.
+[2608.840 --> 2609.840]  What do you think?
+[2609.840 --> 2610.840]  Very good.
+[2610.840 --> 2612.840]  We are childhood interns.
+[2612.840 --> 2614.840]  We are somebody superior in the society.
+[2614.840 --> 2617.840]  We have our own status.
+[2617.840 --> 2620.840]  And we are in the position of questioning somebody.
+[2620.840 --> 2622.840]  We are in an authority team.
+[2622.840 --> 2623.840]  Posh.
+[2623.840 --> 2624.840]  So, we must command respect.
+[2624.840 --> 2625.840]  How will I command respect?
+[2625.840 --> 2627.840]  One way of commanding respect.
+[2627.840 --> 2632.840]  We command respect by our verbal way, the baby's feet.
+[2632.840 --> 2635.840]  And one way of commanding respect is the dress.
+[2635.840 --> 2639.840]  You are going and meeting an executive in a band.
+[2639.840 --> 2640.840]  He is wearing a cord.
+[2640.840 --> 2642.840]  He is wearing a tie and a tie and sitting down.
+[2642.840 --> 2646.840]  So, to tackle him, I also dress on that.
+[2646.840 --> 2649.840]  I also prove to him that I am somebody.
+[2649.840 --> 2650.840]  Right?
+[2650.840 --> 2651.840]  Equal to him or above him.
+[2651.840 --> 2652.840]  Right?
+[2652.840 --> 2653.840]  I am an authority.
+[2653.840 --> 2659.840]  So, as professionals, as childhood interns, we must have our own dress code.
+[2659.840 --> 2661.840]  That commands respect.
+[2661.840 --> 2662.840]  Okay.
+[2662.840 --> 2667.840]  In other words, what you are saying is that you need to wear in a way that people don't ignore you.
+[2667.840 --> 2668.840]  Fantastic.
+[2668.840 --> 2669.840]  Fantastic.
+[2669.840 --> 2670.840]  Fantastic.
+[2670.840 --> 2671.840]  Thank you for your understanding.
+[2671.840 --> 2672.840]  What you said.
+[2672.840 --> 2673.840]  Yes.
+[2673.840 --> 2674.840]  Thank you for your understanding.
+[2674.840 --> 2682.840]  In other words, what you are saying is that the way you dress is actually makes people think you are a worthwhile person with whom they can communicate.
+[2682.840 --> 2683.840]  Fantastic.
+[2683.840 --> 2684.840]  Is that what you are targeting?
+[2684.840 --> 2685.840]  Fantastic.
+[2685.840 --> 2686.840]  Fantastic.
+[2686.840 --> 2687.840]  Yes.
+[2687.840 --> 2688.840]  Because we need to know our suitors are there.
+[2688.840 --> 2689.840]  Yes.
+[2689.840 --> 2690.840]  So, our suitors need to know it clearly.
+[2690.840 --> 2691.840]  No, why?
+[2691.840 --> 2694.840]  Because people think why I should be wearing formal dress.
+[2694.840 --> 2695.840]  Yes.
+[2695.840 --> 2698.840]  So, that is why I thought you have been in a band.
+[2698.840 --> 2699.840]  You have been in a band.
+[2699.840 --> 2701.840]  You have been in an executive senior executive.
+[2701.840 --> 2702.840]  You have traveled all over India.
+[2702.840 --> 2703.840]  Yes.
+[2703.840 --> 2710.840]  So, I thought maybe it is a good idea if you can give some more light on that.
+[2710.840 --> 2711.840]  Yes.
+[2711.840 --> 2712.840]  Yes.
+[2712.840 --> 2715.840]  Now, shall we proceed to the interview techniques?
+[2715.840 --> 2719.840]  How should my body language when you attend an interview or a G team?
+[2719.840 --> 2720.840]  That's right.
+[2720.840 --> 2721.840]  Wonderful.
+[2721.840 --> 2722.840]  Yeah.
+[2733.840 --> 2743.840]  Yes.
+[2743.840 --> 2753.840]  Yes.
+[2753.840 --> 2768.840]  Numerable communication during interview and group discussion.
+[2768.840 --> 2773.840]  What to do to crack group discussion and personal interview.
+[2773.840 --> 2781.840]  When we contact you, the MCS program will be teaching you how to answer questions everything.
+[2781.840 --> 2788.840]  But now we will see how should we even nonverbal when you attend your interview or a G team?
+[2788.840 --> 2792.840]  As I said, the very important is the attire.
+[2792.840 --> 2794.840]  Dress formally and go.
+[2794.840 --> 2799.840]  Here we see that men rest formally.
+[2799.840 --> 2804.840]  But in this case, the first case that person has folded his face.
+[2804.840 --> 2809.840]  Never fold your sleeves when you are wearing a foot sleeves.
+[2809.840 --> 2811.840]  That is not formal.
+[2811.840 --> 2815.840]  Here the second person is wearing a dress and go down.
+[2815.840 --> 2817.840]  But there is no time.
+[2817.840 --> 2819.840]  So, this is partied.
+[2819.840 --> 2822.840]  This is not a fully formal dress.
+[2822.840 --> 2828.840]  The formal dress, we may call it as a semi formal dress, but not fully formal.
+[2828.840 --> 2833.840]  Here in this case, that person is wearing a checked shirt.
+[2833.840 --> 2837.840]  Avoid wearing any shirt, checked or with any designs.
+[2837.840 --> 2840.840]  That is not formal way of dress.
+[2840.840 --> 2843.840]  This is the formal way of dress.
+[2843.840 --> 2847.840]  And women also, this is Western formal.
+[2847.840 --> 2853.840]  And these are all Indian formal dress, saree or chudida.
+[2853.840 --> 2859.840]  Chudida or well covered is also a good way of formal dress.
+[2859.840 --> 2866.840]  And waiting these days, people think they are being judged when they walk into the interview hall.
+[2866.840 --> 2871.840]  No, even when you are waiting outside, waiting for you are being judged.
+[2871.840 --> 2877.840]  See the interview panel, they have given them some instructions to read.
+[2877.840 --> 2878.840]  All are reading.
+[2878.840 --> 2879.840]  Look at this guy.
+[2879.840 --> 2880.840]  He is not reading.
+[2880.840 --> 2882.840]  He is peeping at the neighbor.
+[2882.840 --> 2883.840]  This being watched.
+[2883.840 --> 2885.840]  And look at this guy.
+[2885.840 --> 2888.840]  Yes, spread his leg and he is sitting down.
+[2888.840 --> 2889.840]  Look at this lady.
+[2889.840 --> 2892.840]  She has crossed her leg and sitting down.
+[2892.840 --> 2894.840]  Everything is being countered.
+[2894.840 --> 2898.840]  Here in this picture, everybody is seriously reading.
+[2898.840 --> 2901.840]  And this person having a coffee mug in his hand.
+[2901.840 --> 2902.840]  Okay, how does it matter?
+[2902.840 --> 2904.840]  He is only waiting for an interview.
+[2904.840 --> 2906.840]  He is refreshing himself.
+[2906.840 --> 2907.840]  It doesn't matter at all.
+[2907.840 --> 2909.840]  How to walk with an interview.
+[2909.840 --> 2910.840]  Walk with confidence.
+[2910.840 --> 2912.840]  That is very, very important.
+[2912.840 --> 2913.840]  Walk with confidence.
+[2913.840 --> 2917.840]  Walk priceless with a chest up eye contact straight.
+[2917.840 --> 2918.840]  That is enough.
+[2918.840 --> 2923.840]  Please don't try to change your walking style overnight.
+[2923.840 --> 2924.840]  Nobody can change.
+[2924.840 --> 2925.840]  Right?
+[2925.840 --> 2927.840]  Just think, feel confident.
+[2927.840 --> 2928.840]  Your work will change.
+[2928.840 --> 2929.840]  Walk with confidence.
+[2929.840 --> 2931.840]  Then, at the interview.
+[2931.840 --> 2932.840]  Right?
+[2932.840 --> 2941.840]  So, when you go for an interview, you sit down in front of the interview panel.
+[2941.840 --> 2944.840]  Remember, again, don't cross your legs when you sit down.
+[2944.840 --> 2945.840]  Right?
+[2946.840 --> 2948.840]  Don't lean at the back of the chair.
+[2948.840 --> 2950.840]  Slightly lean forward.
+[2950.840 --> 2956.840]  Keep your hand on the arms of the chair or normally we carry a folder.
+[2956.840 --> 2960.840]  No, keep the folder across your thighs horizontally.
+[2960.840 --> 2964.840]  And keep your palm over the folder.
+[2964.840 --> 2966.840]  Slightly lean forward.
+[2966.840 --> 2969.840]  Mate an eye contact with the interview panel and give a smile.
+[2969.840 --> 2972.840]  Now, you are ready to face the interview.
+[2972.840 --> 2978.840]  And very important is, make take eye contact with all the members of the interview panel.
+[2978.840 --> 2982.840]  Suppose somebody visiting you in the middle, he has asked you the question.
+[2982.840 --> 2988.840]  Start answering, make a eye contact with him, but look at other people also.
+[2988.840 --> 2989.840]  Right?
+[2989.840 --> 2994.840]  And end your question with the person who asked you the question.
+[2994.840 --> 2996.840]  Maintaining eye contact is very, very important.
+[2996.840 --> 3001.840]  And can we say, hand in an interview?
+[3001.840 --> 3003.840]  Only if they offer.
+[3003.840 --> 3004.840]  Right?
+[3004.840 --> 3007.840]  Otherwise, you cannot extend your hand.
+[3007.840 --> 3008.840]  No.
+[3008.840 --> 3011.840]  And that too, with opposite gender, you must be careful.
+[3011.840 --> 3014.840]  You cannot extend your hand first to a lady.
+[3014.840 --> 3015.840]  No.
+[3015.840 --> 3018.840]  If the lady extends, you shake hand.
+[3018.840 --> 3019.840]  Okay?
+[3019.840 --> 3020.840]  Done.
+[3020.840 --> 3021.840]  Hope to sit down.
+[3021.840 --> 3023.840]  It's called Lincoln has two questions.
+[3023.840 --> 3026.840]  That is, both feet flat.
+[3026.840 --> 3030.840]  And slight separation between the knees.
+[3030.840 --> 3032.840]  Don't straddle on the chair.
+[3032.840 --> 3036.840]  Straddle is sitting down and moving like this.
+[3036.840 --> 3038.840]  He shows that your are regained.
+[3038.840 --> 3040.840]  Sit down to edit of the chair.
+[3040.840 --> 3041.840]  I have seen some candidates.
+[3041.840 --> 3044.840]  They might miss answering one or two questions.
+[3044.840 --> 3046.840]  Immediately, they will become tense.
+[3046.840 --> 3048.840]  They will become conscious.
+[3048.840 --> 3052.840]  When they are nervous, they come to the edge of the chair.
+[3052.840 --> 3054.840]  Don't sit at the edge of the chair.
+[3054.840 --> 3056.840]  I said sit at the back of the chair.
+[3056.840 --> 3057.840]  Don't lean back.
+[3057.840 --> 3058.840]  Slide.
+[3058.840 --> 3060.840]  Slide till forward.
+[3060.840 --> 3062.840]  That's very, very important.
+[3062.840 --> 3063.840]  Don't fit.
+[3063.840 --> 3066.840]  I have seen some candidates having some pen or something.
+[3066.840 --> 3069.840]  They tap on the folder, what they are keeping.
+[3069.840 --> 3071.840]  Or they keep moving this way.
+[3071.840 --> 3074.840]  That way, all those things show that you are restless.
+[3074.840 --> 3076.840]  And also, you are nervous.
+[3076.840 --> 3077.840]  Right?
+[3077.840 --> 3080.840]  And how do the interuptional people behave?
+[3080.840 --> 3084.840]  This lady at the interuptional, she is full of confidence.
+[3084.840 --> 3089.840]  Clenched hands under the right position.
+[3089.840 --> 3092.840]  This gentleman in the middle, he has clenched feet.
+[3092.840 --> 3094.840]  But he is keeping it on the desk.
+[3094.840 --> 3096.840]  That is observing you well.
+[3096.840 --> 3103.840]  This is a very, very important body language signal.
+[3103.840 --> 3107.840]  People call it as steep playing.
+[3107.840 --> 3113.840]  It is very, very important on the part of the interuptional as well as on the part of the chair.
+[3113.840 --> 3116.840]  And also, as well as on the part of the candidates also.
+[3116.840 --> 3122.840]  Please do not have this gesture when you are attending an interview.
+[3122.840 --> 3123.840]  Right?
+[3123.840 --> 3124.840]  Steep playing.
+[3124.840 --> 3127.840]  Are you clear what is steep playing?
+[3127.840 --> 3129.840]  He shows, I know it all, attitude.
+[3129.840 --> 3136.840]  When you keep your hand like this, he says that you are projecting an image, I know all attitude.
+[3136.840 --> 3139.840]  Are you clear about what is steep playing?
+[3139.840 --> 3140.840]  Yes?
+[3140.840 --> 3142.840]  Any questions about steep playing?
+[3143.840 --> 3145.840]  What is a steep playing?
+[3145.840 --> 3148.840]  Check if I have a question.
+[3148.840 --> 3149.840]  Yes.
+[3149.840 --> 3157.840]  Are you saying that people can find out your attitude very easily and clearly by a non-verbal communication?
+[3157.840 --> 3158.840]  Yes.
+[3158.840 --> 3163.840]  See, I keep my hand like this, steep and also I do like this.
+[3163.840 --> 3164.840]  It means what?
+[3164.840 --> 3169.840]  I am more confident and I am also doubting what you are saying.
+[3170.840 --> 3175.840]  I am not taking serious want to say, I have a very high attitude.
+[3175.840 --> 3179.840]  You could have seen top level executives they keep like this.
+[3179.840 --> 3184.840]  Maybe in your firm, when you go inside your principal's room, Principal will say, yes, what do you want?
+[3184.840 --> 3192.840]  He can do it because he is highly knowledgeable, he is confident, he is exhibitor, confident, attitude.
+[3192.840 --> 3199.840]  But an article assistant who joined just one week back in the firm, he sits down like this.
+[3199.840 --> 3201.840]  He is allowed to know.
+[3201.840 --> 3204.840]  That means he is an attitude.
+[3204.840 --> 3205.840]  This is steeply.
+[3205.840 --> 3212.840]  Please never have this kind of a gesture while you are attending an interview.
+[3212.840 --> 3214.840]  Very, very important.
+[3214.840 --> 3221.840]  No, look at the audience and I, but if you look at it, most of the people say students especially.
+[3222.840 --> 3227.840]  Yes, say whatever you are saying is, but I am doing it because that is what makes me comfortable.
+[3227.840 --> 3230.840]  I am saying that I should be comfortable.
+[3230.840 --> 3233.840]  I thought that it is very important for me.
+[3233.840 --> 3236.840]  So how can you tell me, I should never feel comfortable.
+[3236.840 --> 3241.840]  These are kind of questions that people ask as in the interview, during the classes.
+[3241.840 --> 3242.840]  How do I assist?
+[3242.840 --> 3243.840]  Very good.
+[3243.840 --> 3247.840]  See, you are comfortable when you feel at home.
+[3248.840 --> 3253.840]  You are a high attitude person, you are a overcommonent person, you are an arrogant person.
+[3253.840 --> 3256.840]  You are comfortable when you feel like that.
+[3256.840 --> 3257.840]  Okay.
+[3257.840 --> 3261.840]  You are a humble person, you will not be comfortable giving your hand like this.
+[3261.840 --> 3263.840]  No, see, I give it to you.
+[3263.840 --> 3268.840]  But what happens is, you know, people say, no sir, I can't sit for a long time the way I was saying.
+[3268.840 --> 3272.840]  I can put my one leg on another leg, you know, that is what makes me comfortable.
+[3273.840 --> 3278.840]  How can we say that five minutes or three minutes is going to decide my life?
+[3278.840 --> 3281.840]  What I have been preparing for my entire life?
+[3281.840 --> 3286.840]  How do I kind of convince these young people that kind of thing, what you are saying is very important.
+[3286.840 --> 3296.840]  See, again, body language, nonverbal communication is something what we do without our own consciousness.
+[3296.840 --> 3299.840]  It comes from our subconscious.
+[3299.840 --> 3300.840]  Okay, okay.
+[3300.840 --> 3302.840]  I am an arrogant teacher.
+[3302.840 --> 3303.840]  Okay.
+[3303.840 --> 3309.840]  I am an arrogant, I have an overcompetent person, I need not do anything, my body will exhibit.
+[3309.840 --> 3310.840]  Okay.
+[3310.840 --> 3319.840]  So, how are you saying that your nonverbal communication, body language will reveal even when you don't want that to reveal?
+[3319.840 --> 3324.840]  You need not do anything at all, your character comes out.
+[3324.840 --> 3327.840]  That is the reason why you cannot communicate, that is what he said.
+[3327.840 --> 3328.840]  Yes.
+[3328.840 --> 3333.840]  You are saying you are communicating, you are saying you have a keep point, I cannot communicate.
+[3333.840 --> 3336.840]  I am not going to keep mouth, everything I have communicated.
+[3336.840 --> 3338.840]  You can see it through, I thought you are saying.
+[3338.840 --> 3339.840]  Yes.
+[3339.840 --> 3341.840]  See, now I am talking like this.
+[3341.840 --> 3343.840]  Yes, that is nice, very good.
+[3343.840 --> 3347.840]  Suppose I talk with this, yes, very nice, very good.
+[3347.840 --> 3353.840]  I am a sounding arrogant or I go like this, I go like this, yes, very good.
+[3353.840 --> 3357.840]  There is difference between the three posters, yes or not true.
+[3357.840 --> 3358.840]  Yes.
+[3358.840 --> 3363.840]  That is why, the body language reveals your inner character.
+[3363.840 --> 3366.840]  That is why we say, you must be very careful.
+[3366.840 --> 3372.840]  He is evaluating, he is also no touching, he is also evaluating.
+[3372.840 --> 3380.840]  I am touching, he doesn't like to see what you are doing, you are doodling with your pen or anything, he doesn't like.
+[3380.840 --> 3389.840]  No, these are all, fair and will cost you just from the intro, you cannot want you to get.
+[3389.840 --> 3393.840]  No, these are also evaluation, this is all.
+[3393.840 --> 3400.840]  He is evaluating, they can do it, oh, this guy somehow seems to be good.
+[3400.840 --> 3405.840]  This is the head tilt, what I have been telling you about, not slightly head tilt.
+[3406.840 --> 3411.840]  And the third one on the right is disaffroble, I don't like this, I can't get it.
+[3411.840 --> 3421.840]  Now let us see what is group discussion, how to sit down in a group discussion, group discussion normally happens between 10 to 12 people.
+[3421.840 --> 3427.840]  Or sometimes even 15 people, you are made to sit down in a circle.
+[3428.840 --> 3433.840]  In that, maybe there will be table inside or maybe there may not be table also.
+[3433.840 --> 3440.840]  See in this picture what you see, they are made to sit down, this looks like typical of our MCA class,
+[3440.840 --> 3444.840]  where we make students sit down like this.
+[3444.840 --> 3452.840]  So actually, you know, group discussion, you are exhibiting all of your nonverbal signals,
+[3453.840 --> 3458.840]  because when you are attending interview, we will be able to see only the upper part of your body.
+[3458.840 --> 3463.840]  There will be a table separating the panel and you, inter-view panel and you.
+[3463.840 --> 3467.840]  So we will be able to see only the upper part of your body, whereas in the group discussion,
+[3467.840 --> 3472.840]  we will be able to see your full body, the way you keep your leg, the way you keep your hand,
+[3472.840 --> 3476.840]  everything is telling to the evaluators something about you.
+[3476.840 --> 3481.840]  That's why we say, you must be very, very careful when you appear GD,
+[3481.840 --> 3487.840]  because they, not only your verbal skill, even your nonverbal skill,
+[3487.840 --> 3489.840]  convey a lot about you.
+[3489.840 --> 3494.840]  See in this portion, see those three people in the middle, they are wearing chains,
+[3494.840 --> 3499.840]  and one person, you have stretched his leg, another person, you have processed.
+[3499.840 --> 3504.840]  Legs inside, another person is wearing a casual shoe, everything is reflecting,
+[3504.840 --> 3511.840]  another person is wearing a t-shirt there, everything is reflecting something on the character of the quimper.
+[3511.840 --> 3516.840]  The person wearing t-shirt is not that very serious about the interview,
+[3516.840 --> 3519.840]  the person who has stayed in the leg inside, you know,
+[3519.840 --> 3523.840]  we say those people are people with some complex,
+[3523.840 --> 3527.840]  it doesn't come out open, and you have crossed these legs,
+[3527.840 --> 3532.840]  that prevents him from coming out openly and speaking.
+[3533.840 --> 3538.840]  So, that way we judge, and see the way they sit down in the GD.
+[3538.840 --> 3545.840]  In a GD also, you slightly lean forward, sit down, and see the first girl over there,
+[3545.840 --> 3548.840]  she is knocking her knees, don't knock your knees.
+[3548.840 --> 3552.840]  The third person over there, not only knocking knees,
+[3552.840 --> 3555.840]  one foot over the other almost,
+[3555.840 --> 3558.840]  it shows that the person is not comfortable.
+[3559.840 --> 3562.840]  The fourth person sitting down there,
+[3562.840 --> 3564.840]  okay, it's just a risk, good.
+[3564.840 --> 3567.840]  And the second person has the perfect gesture,
+[3567.840 --> 3571.840]  but all these people, they are having some paper in their hand,
+[3571.840 --> 3575.840]  please take it from me, GD is going to be for 15 or 20 minutes,
+[3575.840 --> 3579.840]  never carry any paper or pen into the GD.
+[3579.840 --> 3582.840]  Because by the time you bend down and start,
+[3582.840 --> 3585.840]  and the punch, somebody would have expressed something,
+[3585.840 --> 3587.840]  you would have missed it.
+[3587.840 --> 3590.840]  So, in GD also, we will speak or we will be sending,
+[3590.840 --> 3593.840]  maintain high contact with everybody.
+[3593.840 --> 3595.840]  That's very, very important.
+[3595.840 --> 3598.840]  Always there is my maintain high contact with everybody.
+[3598.840 --> 3600.840]  Raise your hand when you want to speak,
+[3600.840 --> 3604.840]  and text press, you will be successful in your GD.
+[3604.840 --> 3607.840]  Okay, it's almost time now, my dear friends,
+[3607.840 --> 3611.840]  thank you very much for a lively session, right?
+[3611.840 --> 3615.840]  I could get very good questions from you, very good feedbacks from you.
+[3615.840 --> 3618.840]  Thank you very much.
+[3618.840 --> 3620.840]  Over to you.
+[3620.840 --> 3621.840]  That's great.
+[3621.840 --> 3624.840]  As usual, you know, like you said,
+[3624.840 --> 3627.840]  you are one of our top performers and you did it as well here.
+[3627.840 --> 3630.840]  Now, what is important I learned from what you said,
+[3630.840 --> 3633.840]  and the last part of the thing in GD is,
+[3633.840 --> 3636.840]  the way you sit also makes a difference.
+[3636.840 --> 3641.840]  Like you said, the person is not having, having comfortable.
+[3641.840 --> 3644.840]  So, which means he is not comfortable with himself,
+[3644.840 --> 3647.840]  and he is putting the legs like that and making him comfortable.
+[3647.840 --> 3650.840]  Is that what you are communicating?
+[3650.840 --> 3653.840]  Yes, so that's, yeah, I got that, you know,
+[3653.840 --> 3656.840]  like I just thought I will make it clear for our students,
+[3656.840 --> 3660.840]  because this is something that's coming again and again in the class.
+[3660.840 --> 3662.840]  How many times you will say,
+[3662.840 --> 3665.840]  what, how can we sit for 10 minutes?
+[3665.840 --> 3668.840]  That's why, as I say, we always say in the classes,
+[3668.840 --> 3670.840]  you know, in the first session I've seen,
+[3670.840 --> 3674.840]  he's going to have the issues tomorrow on memory management.
+[3674.840 --> 3677.840]  You know, all the things that what we have been talking,
+[3677.840 --> 3678.840]  we have been talking to students,
+[3678.840 --> 3680.840]  we are, you know, training them, we are coaching them.
+[3680.840 --> 3684.840]  But what is important is how do we kind of make sure
+[3684.840 --> 3686.840]  that our people get it?
+[3686.840 --> 3689.840]  Only through a field, and whatever they are doing,
+[3689.840 --> 3692.840]  a great job, not only by personal coaching and online,
+[3692.840 --> 3698.840]  and they've been supporting the entire students community to be employable.
+[3698.840 --> 3701.840]  We don't want only people to graduate,
+[3701.840 --> 3703.840]  but we also want to get a job.
+[3703.840 --> 3706.840]  That is the kind of focus that David Javada Branch has been having
+[3706.840 --> 3707.840]  from the day one.
+[3707.840 --> 3709.840]  Yes, that is what makes people like us,
+[3709.840 --> 3711.840]  Jagat, Kishan, or whom we are going to join tomorrow,
+[3711.840 --> 3713.840]  Lakshmi is going to come yesterday,
+[3713.840 --> 3714.840]  you saw, you saw,
+[3714.840 --> 3718.840]  our send the number, then, and so we all have got it.
+[3718.840 --> 3720.840]  We are all of our people as well.
+[3720.840 --> 3722.840]  There are another 50 people that think.
+[3722.840 --> 3724.840]  So we can do a lot of programs like this,
+[3724.840 --> 3729.840]  if we get feedback and you say that you are putting into practice
+[3729.840 --> 3731.840]  to get wonderful jobs.
+[3731.840 --> 3734.840]  So I thank Jagat for a wonderful show.
+[3734.840 --> 3739.840]  I thank all the friends who joined us during the program,
+[3739.840 --> 3741.840]  and I thank Shannan.
+[3741.840 --> 3743.840]  She is also our student, incidentally.
+[3743.840 --> 3744.840]  Thank you.
+[3744.840 --> 3746.840]  Probably, she is a student.
+[3746.840 --> 3747.840]  Okay.
+[3747.840 --> 3752.840]  She has been one of the first attending a program.
+[3753.840 --> 3756.840]  And the entire Vijayada is supporting.
+[3756.840 --> 3757.840]  Yes.
+[3757.840 --> 3761.840]  Along with the office, the entire members are always supporting
+[3761.840 --> 3766.840]  to deliver skills that is required by students.
+[3766.840 --> 3771.840]  So on behalf of the program team, I thank Vijayada Branch
+[3771.840 --> 3774.840]  and passed a present and future office
+[3774.840 --> 3778.840]  whereas for the support that we are extending is to see
+[3778.840 --> 3782.840]  that we support students in the best way.
+[3782.840 --> 3783.840]  Thank you very much.
+[3783.840 --> 3785.840]  And yeah, our overdoings.
+[3785.840 --> 3787.840]  We are very familiar with your students.
+[3787.840 --> 3790.840]  Are all these non-verbal communication universal?
+[3790.840 --> 3791.840]  Please.
+[3791.840 --> 3792.840]  Yes, yes.
+[3792.840 --> 3794.840]  Yes, it is universal.
+[3794.840 --> 3795.840]  It is universal.
+[3795.840 --> 3799.840]  And it is backed by research and documentation.
+[3799.840 --> 3801.840]  All these other companies.
+[3801.840 --> 3804.840]  And why I don't know whether Jagat said very important thing.
+[3804.840 --> 3807.840]  He said keeping the things like that.
+[3808.840 --> 3811.840]  Actually, if you look at it, you know, it says a defense.
+[3811.840 --> 3814.840]  But if you see, Swami Vivekananda's posture is this.
+[3814.840 --> 3815.840]  Exposit is that.
+[3815.840 --> 3817.840]  I will not stop not till the gold reach.
+[3817.840 --> 3818.840]  No, Chika Gautras.
+[3818.840 --> 3819.840]  Yes, yes, yes.
+[3819.840 --> 3822.840]  That is why he is very important what Jagat said.
+[3822.840 --> 3825.840]  It is not simply one thing.
+[3825.840 --> 3826.840]  It is a cluster.
+[3826.840 --> 3828.840]  You have to look everything together.
+[3828.840 --> 3830.840]  Only then you will get the idea.
+[3830.840 --> 3832.840]  So, only when you get everything, you know,
+[3832.840 --> 3834.840]  then it is universal.
+[3834.840 --> 3835.840]  Otherwise, it is not universal.
+[3836.840 --> 3837.840]  And you get stuck.
+[3837.840 --> 3838.840]  Yes, yes, yes.
+[3838.840 --> 3839.840]  Very careful on.
+[3839.840 --> 3840.840]  Yes.
+[3840.840 --> 3841.840]  Thanks, Jagat.
+[3841.840 --> 3842.840]  Yes.
+[3842.840 --> 3845.840]  Thank you, Jagat sir, for excellent information on that topic.
+[3845.840 --> 3852.840]  How body language and eye contact and attack plays an important role in one's life.
+[3852.840 --> 3860.840]  For a chartered accountant, it is very, very important because communication skills plays an every important role to get success in his life in his profession.
+[3860.840 --> 3865.840]  And I definitely could have value added to our students.
+[3865.840 --> 3866.840]  Thank you, Somasar.
+[3866.840 --> 3870.840]  And thank you, Patuna Bansar, for sharing your thoughts.
+[3870.840 --> 3871.840]  I am your student.
+[3871.840 --> 3874.840]  I am working with you.
+[3874.840 --> 3882.840]  Thank you all the students for your participation in cooperation.
+[3882.840 --> 3888.840]  I request you all for an extent to excellent cooperation and participation for further program salsa.
+[3888.840 --> 3890.840]  And don't forget to subscribe our channel.
+[3890.840 --> 3891.840]  It is your channel.
+[3891.840 --> 3892.840]  Very important.
+[3892.840 --> 3894.840]  You should be part of this channel.
+[3894.840 --> 3896.840]  Thank you so much.
+[3896.840 --> 3898.840]  And tomorrow, one more thing I want to add.
+[3898.840 --> 3900.840]  Tomorrow, we will be doing a memory management.
+[3900.840 --> 3906.840]  And this is because chairman insisted to know our students should have some programs so that they can do well in the exam.
+[3906.840 --> 3909.840]  And our trainer again, senior trainer, yes.
+[3909.840 --> 3911.840]  And Kish is going to answer the session.
+[3911.840 --> 3914.840]  So be there along with the notebook and pen.
+[3914.840 --> 3915.840]  You know that.
+[3915.840 --> 3922.840]  Kish is always insisting you must have a notebook and pen so that you can have the best use of it.
+[3922.840 --> 3926.840]  Think of all the problems you may have in the memory.
+[3926.840 --> 3927.840]  No, you don't.
+[3927.840 --> 3929.840]  And put the questions to us.
+[3929.840 --> 3930.840]  So, Kish will be there.
+[3930.840 --> 3932.840]  And of course, I will be there.
+[3932.840 --> 3934.840]  Thank you very much once again.
+[3934.840 --> 3935.840]  Thank you.
+[3935.840 --> 3936.840]  Thank you.
+[3936.840 --> 3937.840]  Thank you.
+[3937.840 --> 3938.840]  Thank you.

transcript/webinar_wMLdw0_3GdQ.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,597 @@
+[90.000 --> 118.000]  Good morning everyone and very welcome to all my existing clients and all of the new
+[118.000 --> 123.280]  people that are here today. It is nice to see you here and I hope you're going to see you in the
+[123.280 --> 128.880]  future again because we've got regular webinars on very interesting topics that's very informative
+[128.880 --> 137.120]  and that could help your business. So that means to use myself. My name is Cecilia Denton,
+[137.120 --> 142.800]  I'm an industrial psychologist and I'm the owner of PTEA Consulting. We are psychometric
+[142.800 --> 149.200]  assessment specialists and we provide HR support together with HR talk. Included in this
+[149.200 --> 153.360]  presentation today we're going to talk about body language and nonverbal communication.
+[154.640 --> 160.000]  I hope you're going to find it as interesting as I have because it's just a very interesting topic.
+[160.000 --> 168.160]  It could help your business when you do interviews or when you liais with clients or do deals with
+[168.160 --> 175.760]  your clients. So I hope that you're also going to learn from this today. All right so what do
+[175.760 --> 182.720]  we will be covering? I'm going to give a brief introduction. We will look at body language and
+[182.720 --> 189.040]  the cultural boundiness of it. Why is body language important? I'm going to refer to emotional
+[189.040 --> 195.360]  intelligence. We will look at the unconsciousness of this behaviour. Facial expressions, it's a
+[195.360 --> 201.680]  universal language. What you can do and what you should not do. And then most importantly,
+[201.680 --> 207.680]  I'm going to show you things that you can pick up when people are talking and also what they do
+[207.680 --> 213.680]  with their line. So we will be looking at a combination of things and right at the end we will do
+[213.680 --> 220.000]  a quick quiz. So stay around for the quiz because I didn't do so well in the quiz. I didn't do
+[220.240 --> 227.200]  so well and I thought I would do and I thought I knew a lot but it's very difficult. So
+[227.200 --> 231.120]  these things are never clear. So it's good that you learn a little bit more about it.
+[232.560 --> 238.400]  Okay so the introduction of what it is that we're going to do today. So body language
+[239.440 --> 245.520]  refers to nonverbal signals that we use to communicate. So according to experts, these nonverbal
+[245.520 --> 250.640]  signals make start a huge part of our daily communication. So from our facial expressions to
+[250.640 --> 256.400]  our body movements, the things we don't say, it still convey volumes of information. So it's
+[256.400 --> 262.480]  been suggested that body language may account for between 60 to 65% of all communication.
+[262.480 --> 268.640]  Some research even suggests between 80 and 90. So we all know that body language
+[269.040 --> 278.160]  accounts for a big, big part of when we communicate. So for example, we're doing presentations,
+[278.160 --> 284.560]  most presenters focus their presentation time on the words they will say. But the research shows
+[284.560 --> 292.000]  that the body language accounts for as much as 55% of a message total impact. Meanwhile,
+[292.000 --> 297.600]  you would turn a voice accounts with 38% of the impact and your actual words only 7%.
+[298.880 --> 305.920]  So that's it's slightly shocking, but it's about how you convey it, how confident you look
+[305.920 --> 311.600]  and how you talk. All right so before we start with everything I wanted to
+[313.120 --> 320.400]  touch on a few examples first. Now this is also what inspired my interest in the body language
+[320.400 --> 325.680]  and the nonverbal communication that we have is in all these cases that we see especially some
+[325.760 --> 336.560]  of these famous situations that we all see on the internet about people lying and trying to
+[336.560 --> 341.440]  conceal it. So we're just going to run through a few examples because I just want to warm you up
+[341.440 --> 349.600]  in terms of what it is that we want to look for. Okay so a lot of you may remember Michael Peterson,
+[349.600 --> 355.680]  he was known or he is known as the staircase killer and you'll see on every slide I've got a
+[355.680 --> 361.440]  YouTube link for you right at the bottom. I will forward you this presentation afterwards and
+[361.440 --> 368.240]  you can go and look at this because this is where the body language experts analyze this situation
+[368.240 --> 376.240]  or the person. So do yourself a favor and go and research some of this because it's very very
+[376.240 --> 383.600]  interesting. Now Michael Peterson for me is a very interesting case because after a lot of recent
+[383.600 --> 392.320]  research or evidence that came out he actually in my personal opinion looks less guilty but if you
+[392.320 --> 400.080]  look at his body language he just looks very guilty so it's very very confusing. So I still I don't
+[400.080 --> 407.760]  really know but as I mentioned with it with a new evidence he it looks less guilty but then if
+[407.760 --> 414.800]  you look at the way that he defines himself it just looks very weird. So Michael Peterson is an
+[414.800 --> 420.240]  American novelist who was convicted in 2003 of murdering his second wife Kathleen Peterson on
+[420.240 --> 426.800]  December 9th 2001. So on December it was in 2001 she was found at the bottom of the staircase
+[427.200 --> 431.440]  in their home. By Michael he claimed that she's fallen accidentally and he discovered
+[431.440 --> 437.520]  they're too late to save her. So because there was a lot of contradictory evidence and witness
+[437.520 --> 442.560]  statements a lot of emphasis was placed on body language and what he was saying because there was
+[442.560 --> 449.120]  a lot of confusing things. I just don't think the whole case went down very well. So in this
+[449.120 --> 454.560]  particular documentary and this is the link that I put down below for you here you can see when he
+[454.640 --> 462.640]  talks when he gets negative information he looks away because they say that once when you hear something
+[462.640 --> 468.640]  negative about yourself you almost don't really hear it so you will sort of go in in this direction
+[469.440 --> 474.400]  interestingly enough with him there's quite a few times where he uses a very high pitch voice like
+[474.400 --> 480.080]  remember it sounds like he's mimicking shock it just sounds like acting and it would be an indication
+[480.080 --> 485.200]  of lying but it's so weird you have to look at it for yourself because it just looks false
+[485.920 --> 492.720]  but then there was evidence that showing you know evidence to the contrary but maybe
+[492.720 --> 498.240]  must look at it for yourself and decide. Do you think another thing that people do when
+[499.280 --> 504.320]  they want to lie is they don't deny what was happening they don't deny they don't say
+[504.400 --> 509.360]  explicitly I did not do it or it wasn't me or whatever but they will that there's no
+[510.560 --> 515.920]  definite denial and they fish off fast so he's unsure of what the interviewer knows so they're
+[515.920 --> 522.800]  trying to get things together in order to make up a line. Another thing that people also do when
+[522.800 --> 529.360]  they and this you will also find in normal interviews or in general cases if you confront someone
+[529.360 --> 534.560]  that you think was lying to you they will repeat what it is that you say to them so for example the
+[534.560 --> 540.400]  interviewer in this case asked there is a written statement then this guy Michael Peterson will
+[540.400 --> 547.280]  repeat a statement I would like to see that statement so it's sort of too prolonged and to play
+[547.280 --> 553.440]  for time in order for them to to make up a new story because once again they don't know what the
+[553.440 --> 561.040]  interviewer knows now in this particular documentary it was also noticed that it was a documentary
+[561.040 --> 566.240]  with cameras on these guys so this guy was also aware that there was a camera on him so he could
+[566.240 --> 570.240]  have been acting a little bit he could have been the high pitch voice could have been part of him
+[570.240 --> 576.160]  acting so once again it's very interesting how like what is real and what is not but do yourself
+[576.160 --> 583.760]  and favorite and research this particular case in more detail another case that I found very very
+[583.760 --> 589.520]  interesting and this is what sparked my interest in the body language in particular was their
+[589.520 --> 597.680]  actions of Chris Watts now I am no expert I don't know a lot at all but I can tell you and I saw
+[597.680 --> 605.200]  this interview it was just eerie it was creepy because the way that he was talking felt to me like it
+[605.200 --> 612.160]  was a casual conversation around a bride face fear bride face fire so the whole story of Chris Watts
+[612.160 --> 618.000]  to give you a quick overview and the Watts family murders occurred in the early morning hours of August
+[618.720 --> 625.440]  in August 2018 initially he lied extensively about the murder so while being interviewed by the
+[625.440 --> 632.400]  police he then admitted that he killed this pregnant wife Shannon Watts he later admitted to killing
+[632.400 --> 637.280]  the daughters because they had two daughters already so that so that she was pregnant with the
+[637.280 --> 644.400]  third child but he killed the two daughters as well by smothering them with a blanket so in
+[644.400 --> 650.800]  2018 he played guilty because he was he was fine found out of course the evidence was very very clear
+[650.800 --> 660.000]  so he was sentenced to five life sentences without the possibility of a role so very clear cut very bad
+[660.000 --> 668.160]  situation but now the body experts body language experts this is this is what I saw from this I had
+[668.160 --> 674.640]  to go into this little bit more detail because me as a layman looking at the way that he was talking
+[674.640 --> 683.440]  thought that it was almost ridiculous but incredibly cold the touched slightly probably psychopathic so
+[683.520 --> 690.160]  I looked at the notes that was made by Cliff Lancie so body language expert Cliff Lancie indicated
+[690.160 --> 696.000]  that Chris's facial expressions caught on camera when prolieved a rife to his home but tried his
+[696.000 --> 701.200]  lies even before they arrest so please there's other people look at this the link is below there
+[702.720 --> 708.240]  so that you can see the way that he's talking so if you look at Chris Watts's face in more detail
+[708.240 --> 714.000]  in this picture on the left hand side it's sort of normal but on the right hand side
+[715.760 --> 722.160]  this is what what they're saying what is happening while he was talking he would say I just
+[722.160 --> 727.520]  want him back and he's talking about his children here you see the lip corners raised almost like a
+[727.520 --> 735.200]  slight smile and the eyes tighten so the eyes almost to go into a natural smile so it is a natural
+[735.840 --> 740.720]  smile so later down we will also talk about when is something the fake smile when is the real smile
+[740.720 --> 747.920]  this is actually quite genuine but that is a combination of these two muscles are indicated of
+[747.920 --> 754.720]  genuine pleasure that is like a real it's genuine so it's quite dark I think that's maybe the psychopathic
+[755.520 --> 761.760]  part of it so in this interview you will also see that he stands with his feet apart with his arms
+[761.760 --> 766.640]  like this and he's swaying a little bit almost like he's standing next to a bride face fire
+[767.600 --> 772.400]  and talking to his friends and he's talking like this so the arms that's crossed
+[773.440 --> 779.840]  chosen anxiety and then when he talks to them he sort of makes a gesture like that now according to
+[779.840 --> 787.440]  the body language experts they say that that literally confirms that I have no confidence in what I've
+[787.440 --> 792.000]  just said so obviously in the interview when you talk to people if someone goes like that doesn't
+[792.000 --> 796.960]  mean that they are lying but they also tell us if you want to look at a combination of things not
+[796.960 --> 803.200]  just one thing but this was quite a good interview this is a good analysis so do you
+[803.200 --> 809.520]  yourself have a fire and go and look at this one it is really creepy and he was also caught at quite
+[809.520 --> 815.360]  quickly he just couldn't hold an in for much longer all right please look at one more
+[816.080 --> 825.360]  example obviously I like the story because psychologists we like to check out things and see whether
+[825.360 --> 830.640]  we can pick up some in their narcissistic things or any any interesting things in the personality
+[830.640 --> 836.560]  that's just what we do without spare time so I just five followed that the hair and making interview
+[838.000 --> 844.160]  just because I was interested in what is really going on yet so there is some interesting
+[844.240 --> 848.560]  body language analysis of what it is that actually happened in this interview
+[850.560 --> 856.800]  so the link is once again at the bottom there so the whole conversation is very interesting so
+[856.800 --> 862.400]  psychologists Stanton decoded Megan's body language while she converseed about issues
+[863.440 --> 870.400]  told about these issues. Don't express that the Duchess of Sussex denoted positive gestures and
+[870.400 --> 874.880]  this can be established with her hand positioning over her ears over her ears hand throughout the
+[874.880 --> 880.240]  interview so what she picked up is this also indicated that she noticed that her husband was in
+[880.240 --> 886.880]  need of reassurance when she made that gesture gesture they also said that in this interview you
+[886.880 --> 891.520]  can see she's comfortable with a camera where he is not he's not really that's not his thing
+[892.400 --> 896.240]  I think he feels more comfortable because she's there with him so the second point
+[896.240 --> 901.840]  to have his body language indicated a lot about the couple's chemistry so they say he's clearly
+[901.840 --> 906.880]  sorted with her in love with her and then lastly he continued that Harry appears
+[906.880 --> 912.480]  head over heels with Megan and gives gestures indicating that she's with him so that you pick up
+[912.480 --> 919.200]  that's quite that's quite easy to pick up but now what I found interesting this particular body
+[919.200 --> 925.520]  language experts that that I watch it's four guys they're very very good and they really know what
+[925.520 --> 931.840]  they're talking about so they had quite an interesting discussion so let's take the hot topic the
+[931.840 --> 939.040]  hot topic was there these experts discussed with the claim about Archie's skin colour
+[939.920 --> 943.440]  with it that statement actually happened so you know the drama that was about
+[944.480 --> 950.480]  whether this colour what's a child's skin colour going to be in there was the whole racial incident
+[950.480 --> 957.840]  so one expert was quite confident that it was a blatant lie while the others actually thought
+[957.840 --> 964.560]  that it wasn't so that was very interesting there was also another point where she indicated that
+[964.560 --> 971.520]  she did not look up a husband online and usually what people would do is if someone is telling the
+[971.520 --> 978.880]  truth they they will say I didn't do it but if it's sometimes if he's spared out I did not look him
+[978.880 --> 984.000]  up online then it could be an indication of a lie you all remember Bill Clinton with Monica
+[984.000 --> 994.000]  Lewinsky he announced on on TV on in the media he actually said I did not have sexual relations
+[994.000 --> 1000.080]  with that woman so there's spelling out of it does indicate a form of deception of course not
+[1000.080 --> 1008.400]  always but it could be an indication of that and then the the last thing that I just wanted to
+[1008.400 --> 1013.680]  mention about this interview it was very interesting for me when ever she was talking she would say
+[1014.400 --> 1023.200]  this and this happened right so for example we would go drink tea right and it means that you
+[1023.200 --> 1030.800]  are building rapport with your interviewer and you are telling them or you want them to accept and
+[1030.800 --> 1035.680]  assume that whatever you say is the truth almost like it's like a given that's why you're saying
+[1036.640 --> 1044.320]  this is what we do right so I just thought that that was interesting so I think the most important
+[1044.320 --> 1050.320]  thing for me is for for you guys when you are in an interview and interviewing be very aware of
+[1050.320 --> 1056.720]  a person who tries to bother poor with you from this start so firstly it is a good sign because it
+[1056.720 --> 1062.800]  means that it's a normal person would like to link in in your company they play one people to like
+[1063.040 --> 1068.560]  them they want to be socially desirable so that is a that's like a good thing it's a positive thing
+[1068.560 --> 1075.280]  but be careful that the person doesn't reel you into the extent that there's no more objectivity so
+[1076.320 --> 1082.800]  acknowledge that that it's a good plot because your extraverts or more persuasive or even more
+[1082.800 --> 1089.920]  manipulative people will will take it a step further but if you do a competency based interview and
+[1089.920 --> 1095.680]  you know what it is that you like to hear and talk about you can always keep the conversation
+[1095.680 --> 1102.720]  back to those points so that is very important and if you want the competency based interview guide
+[1102.720 --> 1107.920]  talk to us again we will send it to you you follow your interview according to that and you can
+[1107.920 --> 1114.960]  control the situation you control what happens in the interview all right so let's start with the
+[1114.960 --> 1122.080]  actual contents of all of this so body language are culturally bound all right so the only
+[1122.080 --> 1128.800]  nonverbal behaviors that are universal throughout the world of facial expressions the expressions
+[1128.800 --> 1135.520]  of anger happiness sadness disgust surprise and fear are all basic to all human beings however
+[1135.520 --> 1141.120]  the rest of them are very specific to certain culture so the arrangement between the two so in
+[1141.120 --> 1146.240]  some countries eye contact is considered respectful parents tell their children to look at them
+[1146.240 --> 1151.120]  when they speak because it's a sign that someone is paying attention to them in some middle
+[1151.120 --> 1156.480]  eastern and Asian cultures eye contact is avoided because it makes signal an inappropriate romantic
+[1156.480 --> 1163.280]  interest or it may just be playing inappropriate in some social interactions so more
+[1163.280 --> 1167.920]  I read certain hand signals means different things in other cultures from Zonglin America and even
+[1168.000 --> 1174.240]  in South Africa given the thumbs up is a positive sign in India it's the same as giving someone the
+[1174.240 --> 1180.800]  middle finger so I just thought that that would be interesting for you to know so why is it important
+[1180.800 --> 1186.640]  research shows that we make crucial decisions about one another subconsciously evaluating in a
+[1186.640 --> 1195.440]  ray of nonverbal cues within the first seven seconds so and once someone labels you as likable
+[1195.600 --> 1201.760]  or unlikable powerful or submissive everything else that you do will be viewed through that filter so
+[1201.760 --> 1209.280]  also be careful of the way that you judge someone in an interview because someone that is very shy
+[1209.280 --> 1216.560]  or more quiet it may come across as more submissive and because in that first seven seconds this is when
+[1216.560 --> 1223.600]  it all happens so make sure that you are very fair and objective during your process once again
+[1223.600 --> 1231.280]  a competence guide will guide you you don't have to go on your own tangent so two people can
+[1231.280 --> 1237.840]  send over 800 different signals in a 50 minutes negotiation so how many signals do you think
+[1238.400 --> 1244.960]  gets passed back and forth in a 45 minutes interview so if you focus on the verbal exchange alone
+[1244.960 --> 1250.160]  and ignore the nonverbal element you stand a high chance of coming away from a negotiation
+[1250.240 --> 1255.520]  wondering why in the world you brilliantly constructed a bargaining plan that didn't work that the way
+[1255.520 --> 1263.120]  it was supposed to so it will be very good for you to learn what it is that you say but together with
+[1263.120 --> 1270.560]  what it is that's not being said but focus on your own behaviour and as well as the person that
+[1270.560 --> 1277.120]  you are interviewing so there are two sets of nonverbal signals and signals that people look for in
+[1277.120 --> 1284.720]  leaders you look at status authority, warmth and empathy and for the most effective leaders employ
+[1284.720 --> 1290.160]  the right signals at the right time for example which means that they realise that the body language
+[1290.160 --> 1296.160]  signals that works so well when announcing a new business strategy are not necessarily helpful
+[1296.160 --> 1302.800]  and may in fact sabotage the efforts when building collaborative teams so so be aware of
+[1303.440 --> 1311.840]  when do you show what I just read a very interesting thing the other day I was in this information
+[1311.840 --> 1320.000]  that I found online they said managers must be careful of not smiling too much so I thought that
+[1320.000 --> 1328.320]  that was very interesting because of the the message that it sends so managers must not smile too
+[1328.480 --> 1335.760]  much because it could send a message of being submissive or you are equals what you don't necessarily
+[1335.760 --> 1342.240]  want so I'm not trying to make out that the one is more you know better than the other one but in order
+[1343.760 --> 1352.400]  for you to still have authority and respect I just I just thought that was it's apparently things
+[1352.480 --> 1358.800]  something that that well-known leaders do they don't smile too much doesn't mean they don't
+[1358.800 --> 1366.160]  smile they don't smile too much all right imagine intelligence so the ability to read body language
+[1366.160 --> 1371.600]  is related to emotional or social intelligence now it's obvious that this makes sense because
+[1372.160 --> 1377.520]  some people can read others body language easily and some people cannot do it at all there's
+[1377.600 --> 1382.800]  all the pains on how much you have developed your own emotional intelligence this is very
+[1382.800 --> 1387.360]  important because have you ever been in a situation where you can see someone is getting upset and
+[1387.360 --> 1393.040]  no one is paying attention to it it's almost like no one can see it you can maybe see it but you
+[1393.040 --> 1400.000]  can't other people can see it that is you want to become emotionally aware of how you are the
+[1400.000 --> 1406.400]  more in tune you are with how you are the more you will be able to read and see how people are
+[1406.400 --> 1412.640]  a lot of this has got to do with empathy as well if you are if you develop your empathy you will
+[1412.640 --> 1417.200]  be able to put yourself in someone else's shoes and think how could that possibly be feeling
+[1417.200 --> 1421.840]  or thinking now for example if you just have empathy for someone coming from an interview you
+[1421.840 --> 1428.000]  may expect them to be a little bit nervous they might not show it but you you would put yourself
+[1428.000 --> 1434.640]  in their shoes with some some things all right so even experts can't interpret body language
+[1434.640 --> 1442.640]  effectively 100% of the time so be careful of that it's not an easy thing to evaluate there is
+[1442.640 --> 1448.720]  a lot of research about the different meanings of the nonverbal communication a lot of experts
+[1448.720 --> 1454.400]  may get it right about 80% of the time that's still not perfect but there are definitely mistakes
+[1454.400 --> 1459.680]  sometimes for example someone looks that looks at their watch a lot may come across as not wanting
+[1459.680 --> 1464.640]  to be there but it could at the same time be a very time conscious person which is a very
+[1464.640 --> 1471.360]  conscientious person so therefore body language is very ambiguous never in an interview focus on one
+[1471.360 --> 1477.280]  thing you want to look at a range of things never look at one thing it's not going to be good enough
+[1477.280 --> 1483.200]  you might lose a good person if you if you do that okay it's unconscious behaviour so it's
+[1483.200 --> 1490.000]  unconscious for both the sender and the receiver for example you could be concentrating and
+[1490.000 --> 1494.880]  focusing while listening and while you're doing that you can have an expression of disapproval on
+[1494.880 --> 1500.880]  your face because of your concentration so but it looks like the approval now something that
+[1500.880 --> 1506.880]  does a little bit deeper than body language and facial expressions is called micro expressions so
+[1507.440 --> 1515.040]  we can probably not really pick that up but your experts that have spoken about earlier they focus
+[1515.040 --> 1520.800]  on micro expressions so micro expressions are better predictor of two feelings but these are very
+[1520.800 --> 1525.840]  very short this is we're talking half a second to four seconds so micro expressions are very
+[1525.840 --> 1531.120]  brief facial expressions that last only a fraction of a second and they're a sign of repressing
+[1531.200 --> 1538.080]  or concealing an emotion that's often why we maybe can see if someone is really shocked or is really
+[1538.640 --> 1543.760]  hurt or whatever that that's second that you can see that that's really difficult to fake so they
+[1543.760 --> 1548.640]  say that the micro expression is actually a little bit more accurate but you have to be very
+[1548.640 --> 1555.520]  aware to pick this up so there's an interesting study in the book blink by Malcolm Gladwell and he
+[1555.600 --> 1560.800]  sites a lot of fascinating studies and one of them examines micro expressions of romantic couples
+[1560.800 --> 1566.160]  on a video yeah I'm talking about random things such as a dog, currently being something that
+[1566.160 --> 1570.800]  wouldn't devote negative interactions between the two of them then he looked at the interactions
+[1570.800 --> 1576.320]  frame by frame to view each person's micro expression suggest from looking at this information
+[1576.880 --> 1582.720]  from the body language he was able to predict which couples with lost and which ones would break up
+[1582.720 --> 1587.760]  with about an 80% accuracy rate so if you want to learn more about that it's my
+[1587.760 --> 1593.840]  Malcolm Gladwell and the book's name is Blink so for many for example many of us have a
+[1593.840 --> 1600.480]  nervous tick that reveals themselves in a variety of ways such as touching your ear or constantly
+[1600.480 --> 1605.520]  adjusting your glasses or jewelry or ringing your hands so we all have our own little
+[1607.040 --> 1612.240]  little habits or little things that we do often it's very unconscious you can become conscious
+[1612.240 --> 1617.440]  about these things the more emotionally aware of you're aware of your actual physical body
+[1617.440 --> 1622.400]  be aware of it be aware of what it is that you're doing, be aware of what your hands are doing
+[1622.400 --> 1626.880]  and as soon as you go like this be aware that you're going to put them down calmly and if you go
+[1626.880 --> 1632.320]  like this again be aware that you put them down so you can practice it as well okay let's look at
+[1632.320 --> 1637.600]  facial expressions understanding body language is important but it is also essential to pay attention
+[1637.760 --> 1643.440]  to other cues such as the context so in many cases you should look at signals as a group rather than
+[1643.440 --> 1648.640]  focusing on a single actions of mentioned that before then look at one thing if someone
+[1648.640 --> 1652.400]  puts their hands in front of their mouth that means that they're lying it's it's just one thing you
+[1652.400 --> 1657.520]  want to look at a lot of things so here's what to look for when you're trying to interpret body language
+[1657.520 --> 1662.560]  so in some cases our facial expression may reveal our two feelings about a particular situation
+[1662.560 --> 1666.400]  while you say that you're feeling fine to look on your face may tell people
+[1666.480 --> 1674.160]  otherwise so so listen to what the face looks like and read it is that they're saying and what the
+[1674.160 --> 1680.160]  rest of the body is doing so it is a universal language the expression on a person's face can even
+[1680.160 --> 1686.240]  help determine if we trust or believe what the individual is saying that's that's we all come
+[1686.240 --> 1690.400]  from is we want to see whether this person's credible or not so one study found that the most
+[1690.400 --> 1696.560]  stressed with the facial expression involved the slight rays of the eyebrow and a slight smile
+[1696.560 --> 1702.320]  so this expression the researchers suggest can base both friendliness and confidence so very
+[1702.320 --> 1710.640]  relaxed open face a relaxed open face facial expressions are also among the most universal forms
+[1710.640 --> 1715.920]  of body language expression used to go may fear anger sadness happiness are the same throughout the
+[1716.560 --> 1721.200]  that is very interesting it just comes normal to us it's just the same thing it's very interesting
+[1722.560 --> 1727.040]  research of poor eck-minus found support for the universe sality of a variety of facial
+[1727.040 --> 1735.920]  expressions tied to particular emotions including joy anger fear and surprise so there's quite a
+[1735.920 --> 1743.360]  lot of research back in that app okay so when you're in an you don't even have to only just
+[1743.360 --> 1749.600]  be in an interview when when you want to focus about what someone is saying to you you can pay
+[1749.600 --> 1755.120]  attention to the following first lips so tightening the lips can be indicate of distaste disapproval
+[1755.120 --> 1761.360]  discuss like if you go like this what what they've also found is you will see in the Chris Whitesy
+[1761.360 --> 1768.000]  interview as well as soon as they go like this okay not smacking like that I mean more just just
+[1768.480 --> 1775.520]  bringing in their lips it's almost like they know what they are saying it's not the truth and they're
+[1775.520 --> 1781.840]  almost when they conceal it almost like they want to swallow it so look at a lot of the interviews
+[1781.840 --> 1787.840]  with with killers or suspected killers they will go like this almost like they didn't want to say
+[1787.840 --> 1794.640]  what they just said lip biting that we all know that can be worry-dness anxiousness stress-ness
+[1794.640 --> 1799.600]  covering of the mouth people want to hide an emotional reaction they say that people touch their
+[1799.600 --> 1804.480]  face or their nose when they lie they've got they've got no reason really why they do that but
+[1804.480 --> 1811.280]  it's quite a lot of if you go like this turned up or down slight changes in the mouth can also be
+[1811.280 --> 1814.960]  subtle indicator for the presence feeling when the mouth is slightly turned up it means the
+[1814.960 --> 1820.400]  presence feeling happy optimistic on the other hand is slightly down turned mouth is the indicator
+[1820.480 --> 1826.480]  said this is approval even I'd like to promise so this is this is quite interesting that the
+[1826.480 --> 1830.800]  first thing of the lips and covering of the mouth because it also means I don't want to say what I did
+[1830.800 --> 1836.080]  so if someone talks like this it could it could also be that they don't really they unsure maybe
+[1836.080 --> 1840.640]  or they don't want to say what it is that they're saying all right I'm going to run through a few
+[1840.640 --> 1845.200]  behaviors are things that you that you can do so one of the most common questions that people
+[1845.200 --> 1850.240]  have when it comes to body language is what do I do with my hands so and one of them
+[1850.560 --> 1855.680]  a lot of people cross their hands in front of them like this so you'll see once again Chris what
+[1855.680 --> 1861.600]  did that immediately so even though he was sort of trying to look all cool and calm it means that
+[1861.600 --> 1866.960]  he was the finging he was he was not feeling as strong so it sends a message of the fangs of
+[1866.960 --> 1871.680] ness and unaperturability it also retries nervousness and lack of confidence so when you see you go
+[1871.680 --> 1876.720]  like this just relax your arms next to yourself so seeing the opposite message open your chest and
+[1876.720 --> 1882.480]  your arms to keep it straight back the best thing to do is keep your arms next to your body and
+[1882.480 --> 1886.320]  now that we know it's crossing your legs now I found this interesting that I always used to
+[1886.320 --> 1891.760]  think this shows that you're quite confident but especially if you're doing a presentation of
+[1891.760 --> 1897.120]  speaking in front of people sitting across legs like this communicates a lack of professionalism
+[1897.120 --> 1905.120]  and slight nervousness I didn't know this I thought that it was okay maybe in a normal meeting but
+[1905.920 --> 1913.520]  okay people could interpret it from you like that so be aware of that touching any part of the
+[1913.520 --> 1919.040]  face or neck in low position like this is indicator of anxiety nervousness or lack of control
+[1919.040 --> 1922.560]  it could also be you know someone could be listening to you like that I've seen that before
+[1924.160 --> 1928.640]  but but when when you are presenting to your client if you want to create positive
+[1928.640 --> 1933.520]  keep your hands away from your face bringing your hands if you're washing them is a sign of
+[1933.520 --> 1939.600]  discomfort of that a lot of us do a lot of people do that so people know that you're probably a
+[1939.600 --> 1944.560]  little bit nervous another defense of Jesus pressing your hands in your pocket so I always used to
+[1944.560 --> 1949.680]  think this shows quite a little bit of a relaxedness but I think it's trying to conceal maybe
+[1949.680 --> 1956.560]  powerlessness or shyness I think it depends also on your movements in front of an audience because
+[1956.560 --> 1962.080]  I've seen people do that moving around and they do look quite comfortable but remember how people
+[1962.080 --> 1968.720]  may interpret your way of doing all right and then people tend to naturally put more attention to
+[1968.720 --> 1973.440]  those who look them in the eyes on the other end of waiting I can't take communicates lack of
+[1973.440 --> 1981.120]  confidence openness and trust I think that's that's quite it could be quite a western thing
+[1983.040 --> 1988.160]  because there are other cultures where it's respect we don't just look someone in the eye so
+[1988.160 --> 1995.440]  be aware of different cultures as well but I know in in the western world that's how we do
+[1995.440 --> 2001.760]  business issue you want to show that you are truthful and honest but be aware of different cultures
+[2001.760 --> 2008.800]  maybe approaching this differently all right and then when when presenting some presenters resort
+[2008.800 --> 2013.680]  to a trick of fixing their stare on a single personal spot but an audience can quickly tell when
+[2013.680 --> 2018.400]  someone is avoiding eye contact with him I've had that before where a speaker looks at just at one
+[2018.400 --> 2023.600]  point sometimes feel like they're only looking at you to me it does look like they may be a little bit
+[2023.600 --> 2028.880]  nervous instead trying to look at different people in different spots in your audience so you
+[2028.880 --> 2035.440]  may people feel important sending a message of self-assuredness and confidence all right also the way
+[2035.440 --> 2040.560]  that you can stand so another way to communicate lack of confidence or securities to stand in the
+[2040.560 --> 2045.760]  same spot during entire presentation as if they were invisible walls restricting you from walking
+[2045.760 --> 2051.280]  around one of the rules of high power body language is to take up as much space or the territory is
+[2051.280 --> 2058.000]  needed so walk around you'll see that you're very confident motivational type of speakers they move
+[2058.000 --> 2064.320]  around they show they engage with the audience so moving around during appropriate movements in
+[2064.320 --> 2068.480]  your presentation will not only make the audience more attentive but also keep your mind more
+[2068.480 --> 2075.120]  alert and you can channel your nervous energy just make sure to avoid wearing any high type of shoes
+[2075.120 --> 2078.720]  you know like the letters or something that may increase your tons as a whole in the typical
+[2080.240 --> 2088.800]  right and then hand gestures any gesture used during the presentation should be used either to
+[2088.800 --> 2093.840]  emphasize a point describing something convey an emotion express a mood or prompt the audience to
+[2093.840 --> 2099.440]  take a specific action most presenters are ever used the same gesture over and over again without
+[2099.440 --> 2105.360]  any clear communication I can sometimes do that I will do the same thing I've heard in Diagova
+[2106.720 --> 2110.960]  it is because I'm really just starting to get a message across but I assume it can be irritating
+[2112.160 --> 2116.880]  this only distracts your audience instead of helping to convey your message so try to plan
+[2116.880 --> 2122.320]  varied gestures beforehand that helps highlight your main points so even if you can't just think
+[2122.320 --> 2127.200]  about them before your presentation use them to inner control in a smooth manner so that it's not
+[2127.200 --> 2133.840]  too much all right and then standing firm with your feet hit with the part sends a clear message
+[2133.840 --> 2138.880]  of stability and confidence shifting your weight from foot to foot of standing with your feet too close
+[2138.880 --> 2143.840]  together it will communicate uncertainty and nervousness if you look at the Chris what if you see
+[2143.840 --> 2150.400]  our resues it's almost like it's trying to make himself feel better like like and I think this is
+[2150.480 --> 2157.360]  the last example we've all seen the figurative feet leaf position so this actually does not show
+[2158.560 --> 2163.200]  that I'm calm and and competent they're both hands clasped in front of the body forming the
+[2163.200 --> 2168.080]  shape of a feet leaf covering the groin area the sense of message of discomfort shyness
+[2168.080 --> 2172.560]  suggesting the fangs of nisman need to protect the most sensitive and vulnerable parts of the body
+[2172.560 --> 2179.120]  once again the arms next to the body is just the most relaxed and open okay now we get into the
+[2179.120 --> 2184.160]  interesting part this is what it is it you've all been waiting for so when someone is lying in an
+[2184.160 --> 2188.960]  interview so I've got some very very interesting information yes some of it is too detailed you
+[2188.960 --> 2196.320]  will probably not be able to zoom into to the back level but just know about it you know
+[2196.320 --> 2202.080]  can't find it any home most people have no better than a 50 50 percent chance of the
+[2202.080 --> 2207.760]  deep thing deception so that's not so great you know you can think that you know something over
+[2207.760 --> 2216.080]  here lose something over there so the more you learn the better so some of the main things too
+[2216.080 --> 2224.960]  much or too little eye contact over emphasizing details or avoiding detail so one of the things where
+[2224.960 --> 2232.080]  the woman that was involved in the bulk was the issue they said that the incredible detail that
+[2232.080 --> 2239.680]  they actually told was so convincingly accurate the the detail of what is what was happening and
+[2240.560 --> 2245.920]  something in that actually they picked up a pattern and they could see that the woman were
+[2245.920 --> 2254.480]  actually talking the truth so either a avoiding detail or even over emphasizing details that
+[2255.440 --> 2261.840]  it's that's sort of not relevant that is when it is and you want to look at here but usually like
+[2261.840 --> 2269.200]  for example in the bill cause be a case the detail at the woman we're telling was really telling
+[2269.200 --> 2276.240]  that it was accurate and then fidgeting a lot fidgeting touching the nose for some reason
+[2276.240 --> 2281.840]  touching the nose is that's just always been like that the mouth purse and that's why I told you
+[2282.000 --> 2289.360]  before when you pressure lips together as if you didn't want to say it speech hesitations remember
+[2289.360 --> 2295.200]  that can also be nervousness but pick up especially if you do have competency based interview
+[2297.600 --> 2302.640]  or specific questions you will know when the person has got an example on that particular
+[2302.640 --> 2310.320]  particular competence or on that particular topic you will know when they're trying to make
+[2310.400 --> 2316.640]  something up they hesitant especially if on the previous questions they were quite consistent and
+[2316.640 --> 2321.280]  smooth and they could give examis that is why competence based interview is so good because you
+[2321.280 --> 2327.360]  can pick up the differences looking up or down maybe looking around trying to win some time in order
+[2327.360 --> 2334.320]  to make something up answers questions that was not asked this one is very important this happens
+[2334.320 --> 2339.920]  in interviews constantly talking about things that was not asked getting off topic
+[2341.440 --> 2344.880]  talking about things and then you can get caught up in it that's why with a competence based
+[2344.880 --> 2347.920]  interview you want to get them back to where it is at you ask want to get them back
+[2349.280 --> 2357.440]  may repeat phrases or words and that is where the previous Michael Peters and someone would say
+[2357.440 --> 2362.880]  someone made a statement and he would say a statement I would like to see that statement so they
+[2362.880 --> 2370.800]  said that is stretching it out trying to figure out who knows what another interesting thing is
+[2370.800 --> 2377.120]  focusing on when they stop talking about themselves that is also an interesting one okay this
+[2377.120 --> 2382.400]  I found very interesting so this is maybe a little bit more for your investigators like
+[2382.400 --> 2387.600]  in basic and in crime so you'll see here and there I talk about investigator versus interviewer
+[2387.600 --> 2393.200]  but you know I still think that we can because you will you will not just have interviews in your
+[2393.200 --> 2399.360]  job you may also have discussions with employees or people about things that happen so the lack
+[2399.360 --> 2406.160]  of self-reference truthful people make frequent use of the pronoun I so for example I arrived at
+[2406.160 --> 2413.600]  home at 6.30 the phone was ringing as I unlocked the phone door I walked straight to the kitchen I
+[2413.600 --> 2419.680]  took to my mother so that is how you describe an action a deceptive person will
+[2419.680 --> 2426.400]  modify minimize a reference to themselves if it didn't happen for example the safe was left
+[2426.400 --> 2432.400]  unlocked rather than I left the safe unlocked or you'll say the shipment was authorized rather than
+[2432.400 --> 2437.120]  I authorized the shipment because you actually didn't do it so you're trying to avoid saying that
+[2437.120 --> 2444.080]  you do it so the last example yeah can you tell me about reconciling the bank statement and the
+[2444.080 --> 2450.080]  answer is you know you try to identify all the outstanding checks and deposits in transit but
+[2450.080 --> 2455.760]  sometimes when you risk really busy you post the differences and to suspend the country you sort
+[2455.760 --> 2461.360]  of refer to that's what one should do so I found this one very interesting when you don't say I
+[2462.320 --> 2469.680]  do it you say one should you know do that okay the verb tens I also found very interesting because
+[2469.680 --> 2475.280]  what happens yeah truthful people usually describe historical vents in the past tense deceptive people
+[2475.280 --> 2484.640]  sometimes refer to past events as if the event were occurring in the present so let me show you
+[2484.640 --> 2489.920]  that look at the bullet points I've written down here so look at how the sentence is changed
+[2490.560 --> 2496.960]  after closing the store I put the cash patch in my car and I drove to the bank on Elm Street
+[2496.960 --> 2503.200]  it was raining so hard I had to drive slowly I entered the parking lot and drove around to the back
+[2503.200 --> 2509.760]  to the night the repository slot when I stopped the car I rolled my wind down my window a guide jumps
+[2509.760 --> 2516.320]  out of the bushes and yells at me I can see he has a gun he grabs the cash patch and runs away
+[2516.400 --> 2521.680]  the last I saw him he was headed south on Elm Street I think it was gone I called the producer myself
+[2521.680 --> 2527.120]  and can you see that he starts with that is what happened and then it moves into what is happening
+[2527.120 --> 2533.920]  because they have to make up a story I thought that this was quite quite interesting all right answering
+[2533.920 --> 2539.360]  questions with questions so I find it interesting because I say even liars don't want to lie
+[2540.320 --> 2545.600]  I tried lies carry a risk of addiction so before answering a question with a lie in a
+[2545.600 --> 2550.640]  subjective person will usually try to avoid answering the question at all one common method of dodging
+[2550.640 --> 2557.440]  a question is to respond a question with one's own so and I see this a lot I know it sounds funny
+[2557.440 --> 2562.800]  but I watch the judge Judy show frequently and I like how she catches them out when they lies but
+[2562.800 --> 2569.040]  they say they're so often why would I steal from my brother or do I seem like the kind of person
+[2569.040 --> 2575.120]  would do something like that why would I do something like that almost trying to justify them to get
+[2575.120 --> 2579.920]  to think in that's like trying to get them to think in their way so don't you think somebody would
+[2579.920 --> 2587.920]  have to be pretty stupid to remove cash from the register door so this is quite telltale you see
+[2587.920 --> 2594.400]  this actually quite a lot equivocation so this which just means the subject avoids and interviews
+[2594.400 --> 2600.240]  questions by filling user statements with expressions of uncertainty we're notifying vague expressions
+[2600.720 --> 2606.480]  so they don't want to commit they answer vaguely and they don't want to commit to with for example
+[2606.480 --> 2613.840]  non-committal verbs are I think I believe I guess I suppose I figure I assume equivocating
+[2613.840 --> 2621.520]  adjectives and adverbs are sort of almost mainly perhaps maybe about and then vague qualifies it
+[2622.080 --> 2628.640]  would be you might say more or less so interesting enough I also see this on the judge Judy show
+[2628.880 --> 2635.520]  apologize for having to refer to that but it's just very interesting they use exactly this terminology
+[2635.520 --> 2641.600]  they also questions with questions so you can you can see when you're trying not to commit
+[2642.400 --> 2648.720]  right and then sorry the oath I just want to touch on this one as well so especially when people
+[2648.720 --> 2658.480]  going to overdrive they would very much like to convince you that they didn't do it so someone that's
+[2658.480 --> 2663.360]  innocent is not going to try and convince you by swearing or whatever because they know
+[2663.360 --> 2669.360]  they did the truth someone that's a sect of may say I swear it's on my honor my goddess
+[2669.360 --> 2674.640]  a witness cross my heart I had a friend who said he knew that his wife was having an affair and
+[2674.640 --> 2680.720]  she said to him I swear on my children's lives so it's very overthrown it's very much like
+[2681.520 --> 2686.480]  I want to convince you a truthful person would not want to convince you because they they
+[2686.480 --> 2692.880]  actually quite comfortable already so be aware of this one you see it a lot euphemisms many languages
+[2692.880 --> 2698.880]  offers alternatives so euphemism would try the subjects by having more favorable light and
+[2698.880 --> 2704.160]  minimise the any harm the subjects actions might of course so in bestie case you should look at
+[2704.160 --> 2712.720]  euphemisms like missing instead of stolen borrowed instead of took bumped instead of hit warned
+[2712.720 --> 2718.560]  instead of threatened I love this one because this it's brilliant because I didn't I didn't steal it
+[2718.560 --> 2726.960]  I just borrowed it or it's you know it went missing so euphemisms trying to soften what
+[2726.960 --> 2733.440]  they said they did a leading to actions this is when someone say I tried to backup my computer and
+[2733.440 --> 2738.640]  put away my papers every night before going home last Tuesday I decided to copy my files onto the
+[2738.640 --> 2744.080]  network drive and started putting my papers in my desk drawer I also needed to lock the customer
+[2744.080 --> 2750.000]  list in the office safe so the question is the thing put me back up a computer the chicken
+[2750.000 --> 2755.680]  copy of files onto the drive the chicken put a papers in the desk was she saying that is what one
+[2755.680 --> 2761.120]  should do that is so this is a leading to action so they're not saying that I did it they're
+[2761.120 --> 2767.600]  alluding to the fact that they that they should be doing that this is also a very important one
+[2768.160 --> 2772.400]  okay before we get to our little quiz I just want to run through a few things these are these are
+[2772.400 --> 2778.080]  very easy things that you can pick up in an interview so when someone is lying in interview look at
+[2778.080 --> 2782.400]  the eye movement once again look at a combination of things not just one thing but do you want to look
+[2782.400 --> 2787.440]  at when they lie in about an example of what they have done before because a competency best
+[2787.440 --> 2792.720]  interview is about giving an example of what they've done before so eye movement again
+[2792.720 --> 2796.960]  does eyes tell you a lot about their truthfulness if a candidate won't look in the eyes they might be
+[2796.960 --> 2802.160]  trying to hide something see how long they look at you it could also be shy so don't
+[2802.160 --> 2808.080]  imagine but they might look away or frequently shift their gaze away this could also be a sign of
+[2808.080 --> 2814.400]  shyness body movement so let's look at this one if a candidate is fidgeting a lot then make
+[2814.400 --> 2818.480]  there might be lying this can include tapping or shuffling their feet playing with their fingers
+[2818.480 --> 2823.520]  or shifting in their chair especially when someone goes again they're trying to think of an example
+[2823.520 --> 2828.400]  they're getting they're playing for time to get something ready so sudden movements might also
+[2828.400 --> 2832.640]  be a sign of lying for example a candidate who is calm and relatively still suddenly starts
+[2832.640 --> 2837.600]  fiddling with their hands look biting is another sign that someone might be lying it might indicate
+[2837.600 --> 2842.240]  that they're nervous about what they're saying also look for gestures that conflict with what the
+[2842.240 --> 2847.280]  candidate is saying for example the candidate confirms that they have 10 years of experience
+[2847.280 --> 2853.280]  that and excel in the job duties but while the candidate's lying they are shuffling their feet
+[2853.280 --> 2857.040]  and shaking their head they might be telling you that they're kind of tensed lying so you you will
+[2857.040 --> 2861.440]  see a lot of interviews people will say yes but they'll say yes like this it means that they're
+[2861.440 --> 2868.400]  actually thinking no so they're doing the opposite uh changes in voice and listen to the candidate's
+[2868.400 --> 2874.800]  voices they talk how they say things um it's just as important as what they say changes in the
+[2874.800 --> 2879.760]  candidates what vocal pitch might be an indication of the lying you know when you're talking like this
+[2879.760 --> 2884.560]  and then I start answering like this you know when the pitch goes up for example a candidate's voice
+[2884.560 --> 2890.560]  might get higher or lower if they're lying also the candidates tone might change if they're aligned
+[2890.560 --> 2895.840]  they might get lower become monotone whisper or make another tone adjustment sudden pause this
+[2895.840 --> 2902.960]  and stammering are also possible lies of the lies and deception uh candidate might be trying to
+[2902.960 --> 2907.120]  store food time so that they can think through this story this is what is sub- Brilliant about the
+[2907.120 --> 2911.840]  competence-based interview you will ask a specific specific question about a competency over
+[2911.840 --> 2917.040]  yet they will give you an example of when they've done something like that before they may give you
+[2917.040 --> 2922.640]  for the next question another good example maybe you get to a question of an analytical thinking
+[2922.800 --> 2927.840]  or whatever in the guide cannot give you a good example and then you'll see it'll take them a little
+[2927.840 --> 2934.000]  bit longer they will they will they won't refer to what has happened they will start saying what should
+[2934.000 --> 2941.840]  happen um how it should be because that's what one does and then I would do they went when the
+[2941.840 --> 2947.440]  the the verbing changes but you you'll clearly see that they're trying to answer it so don't hold
+[2947.440 --> 2952.320]  it too much against them just know that they don't have experience if they they're trying to answer it
+[2952.320 --> 2956.560]  so don't just don't hold it against them they are trying to answer something that they just don't
+[2956.560 --> 2961.520]  have experience in but you can they score them accordingly which you can see yet that it well
+[2961.520 --> 2966.560]  yet it's well this one of particular not so well maybe the next one well again but you can clearly
+[2966.560 --> 2971.760]  see the difference that's why if you have a structured interview you can pick that up responses
+[2971.760 --> 2977.840]  by attention to what the candidate actually says so listen for the details in the candidate's
+[2977.840 --> 2982.400]  responses if there is a lack of details it might be because the candidate doesn't have any real
+[2982.400 --> 2987.440]  information to support what they're saying you will see this in a competency based interview
+[2987.440 --> 2992.240]  where they they can't give you the details they may have given you a very good example previously
+[2993.200 --> 2998.560]  but the next one example is just vague the details is sort of all over the place you're not
+[2998.560 --> 3000.320]  really sure where they're referring to
+[3001.280 --> 3008.240]  also watch out for the opposite if a candidate overseers it might be because they're trying to cover
+[3008.240 --> 3013.840]  up the lack of their own information so I wish you you also see it overseers and it sort of drifts
+[3013.840 --> 3020.000]  away if you have to bring them back you can see you know go on to the next question make sure
+[3020.000 --> 3025.120]  what the candidate says matches what they said on their resume if the interview responses don't
+[3025.120 --> 3032.480]  match the resume they may have lied in the interview or use common resume lies okay
+[3035.440 --> 3038.880]  okay so while the tips let me just see what the time looks like all right perfect we've got
+[3038.880 --> 3044.960]  10 minutes left we're going to do a quick quiz so while they're above tips can help you spot some
+[3044.960 --> 3049.840]  online in an interview that aren't always accurate indicators of deception while some verbal
+[3050.080 --> 3056.000]  and nonverbal signs can tell you that candidate's lying they may not be too indicated for all
+[3056.000 --> 3061.680]  people to convert this observer that candidate behaves as a whole watch for their body language
+[3061.680 --> 3066.960]  and responses that deviated from the norm these deviations can tell you more than the typical
+[3066.960 --> 3072.160]  lying signs remember candidates may be stressed as they're being interviewed as a result of my
+[3072.160 --> 3078.160]  acts strangely I've seen strange things this is what's always good if you have some psychometric
+[3078.160 --> 3083.440]  assessment combined with it because they need to see through it you can see that the true person
+[3084.640 --> 3089.040]  the person can that could be shifty because they're nervous not because they're lying so just be
+[3089.840 --> 3095.360]  just be compassionate as well you could should also consider the different body language norms of
+[3095.360 --> 3101.280]  other cultures so remember the eye contact thing the handshake thing you may consider to be lying
+[3101.280 --> 3108.480]  behavior might be normal desire but you may consider to be lying behavior might be normal desire
+[3108.480 --> 3116.000]  to behavior in another culture okay so let's do it's to a quiz so um please share if you've got
+[3116.000 --> 3122.320]  any questions as we go along write it in the um Q&A section over here then we'll address it at the
+[3122.320 --> 3127.760]  eight so I've got a few questions here so you don't have to write it down you can just get a
+[3127.760 --> 3132.960]  number in your head and see whether you were right or wrong so okay if you look at this picture
+[3132.960 --> 3141.680]  over here why does this man's body language portray is this shame is this confidence is it sadness
+[3141.680 --> 3148.640]  or nervousness so choose one I actually I actually think I had two options here because I wasn't
+[3148.640 --> 3154.880]  actually totally sure um so Gator your answer really I'm going to give you the correct answer just
+[3154.880 --> 3160.800]  now so in this case the answer is nervousness so nail biking is a common body language
+[3160.800 --> 3167.440]  behavior that helps someone relieve tension and anxiety during stressful situations so typically
+[3167.440 --> 3172.800]  I don't know the hand goes to the mouth when ever people are nervous all right so let's look
+[3172.800 --> 3179.120]  at question number two if someone's feet is pointing towards you do they show interest or this
+[3179.120 --> 3185.920]  interest in you so look at this picture if someone's feet is pointing towards you do they show
+[3185.920 --> 3193.440]  interest or this interest in you all right let's see the answer so feet pointing towards someone
+[3193.440 --> 3198.640]  is generally a good sign of mutual attraction of interest in large group settings the most charismatic
+[3198.640 --> 3204.160]  person will usually have the most feet pointing towards them however if a person feels uncomfortable
+[3204.560 --> 3210.080]  is interested and wants to leave the feet may be pointing away towards the exit so that is that
+[3210.080 --> 3215.440]  interesting you can maybe see when you're talking to an audience who's who wants to leave all right
+[3215.440 --> 3221.600]  this line could be tricky when someone is sitting in a position in this position what does that mean
+[3221.600 --> 3230.320]  so slightly slouched forward the hands in this position what does that mean so is that happiness
+[3230.320 --> 3238.080]  is that fear is it confidence is it excitement all right so get your answer ready in your head
+[3238.720 --> 3246.160]  is this happiness is this fear is this confidence or is this excitement all right so the right answer is
+[3246.960 --> 3252.000]  confidence so the hand gesture is called steepling the steepling occurs when someone is typically
+[3252.000 --> 3258.400]  feeling confident and in charge the higher someone holds the steeple the more confident they feel
+[3258.400 --> 3263.520]  so you will rarely see steeply from some ordinate in front of his boss or someone is
+[3263.520 --> 3268.800]  and confident in what they are saying so if someone is steepling in self-negotiations it may feel
+[3268.800 --> 3274.480]  like they have the upper hand so I have heard about people sitting like this when they feel uncertain
+[3274.480 --> 3280.960]  or whatever they feel like this and it actually creates so even if they don't feel confident it
+[3280.960 --> 3285.680]  creates a feeling that they are so it's a good trick to fall back on if you feel a little bit nervous
+[3286.480 --> 3294.240]  do that all right next question is this a genuine smile so I was sort of tripped yeah because
+[3295.120 --> 3301.760]  I thought so and then I didn't think so because I do see I see a broad smile and I see the eyebrows
+[3301.760 --> 3308.800]  lifted so decide for yourself is this a genuine smile or is this a fake smile
+[3309.440 --> 3316.480]  so because the eyes look very friendly and open actually but this is a fake smile so a real
+[3316.480 --> 3322.720]  genuine smile typically has an indicator that is known as the Dushin marker so this is what causes
+[3322.720 --> 3327.040]  the corner of the eyes to form wrinkles and you know the little crow's feet when you see the
+[3327.040 --> 3333.040]  crow's feet that is a genuine smile so either a person is smiling but lacks this indicator they
+[3333.040 --> 3337.280]  may be smiling just a bit lighter we all know you know how you're smiling you actually don't really
+[3337.920 --> 3346.800]  you know it can be a good smile because his eyes to me looks looks quite relaxed but in this case
+[3346.800 --> 3353.200]  you want to see some wrinkles okay let's look at question five what does it mean when someone puts
+[3353.200 --> 3360.080]  a pin glasses or nails in their mouth when they're talking so in some cases you would think that
+[3360.080 --> 3366.000]  it could be that I'm really listening attentively so but in general it is actually
+[3367.520 --> 3373.440]  considered to be anxious tends to stress so be aware that when you're in a meeting when you
+[3373.440 --> 3378.960]  actually maybe trying to indicate that you are listening attentively when anything goes near
+[3378.960 --> 3385.520]  the mouth people view it as anxious you could be anxious or tense or stressed all right let's
+[3385.520 --> 3391.280]  look at question number six which part of the body do people touch to indicate sincerity
+[3391.840 --> 3398.720]  so look at each and every picture here which part of the body do people touch to indicate
+[3398.720 --> 3409.520]  sincerity all right I'm going to give you a second read and in this case the answer is touching
+[3409.520 --> 3415.920]  the heart so it's an old cliche touching the heart certainly rings true yet touching the
+[3416.000 --> 3421.040]  chest with both hands is a body language skew that's in their chosen serity honesty and sympathy
+[3422.080 --> 3428.160]  okay and the question seven that someone with closed arms demonstrate anxiousness or nervousness
+[3428.160 --> 3434.240]  so if you look at this picture it sort of confuses you but the general consensus the general
+[3434.240 --> 3442.080]  consensus is when the arms go up that people are usually a little bit closed off but it could
+[3442.080 --> 3446.400]  also mean in like in this case this guy looks very confident yet it can mean that somebody's
+[3446.400 --> 3453.600]  angry in deep concentration feeling cold simply resting their arms in the case of Chris Wax I think
+[3453.600 --> 3460.000]  it's almost like a way to sort of sue themself if you look at the video it does not necessarily mean
+[3460.000 --> 3466.320]  someone is closed off but I think it really depends maybe on the context and where they find
+[3466.320 --> 3473.280]  themselves so question eight I think this is our last question so which of the following body
+[3473.280 --> 3482.400]  language gestures signals anger the head tilted downwards eyebrows lowered eyes narrowed mouth to
+[3482.400 --> 3490.320]  the side hands on the hips which one or which of the following it could be more than one signals anger
+[3490.640 --> 3497.200]  so if you look at this picture which one of this signals anger to you so the head tilted downwards
+[3497.200 --> 3505.280]  the eyebrows lowered eyes narrowed mouth to the side hands on the hips so in this case all of the
+[3505.280 --> 3512.000]  below so in this case the the whole thing I know it's the corny picture but all of them suggest that
+[3512.240 --> 3520.640]  okay good so now we are almost at the end and I want you to put any questions in the Q&A box if
+[3520.640 --> 3525.520]  you've got anything is there anything that you thought was interesting or unclear and and remember
+[3525.520 --> 3530.960]  that I can send you this presentation I can also send you a comprehensiveized question there
+[3531.520 --> 3539.680]  and to help you with your interviews and it will be interesting for you to maybe
+[3539.680 --> 3546.400]  YouTube some of these videos that we we're talking about today so I hope you found it interesting
+[3546.400 --> 3552.160]  and please keep an eye out for when we have more on emotional intelligence we're going to have I
+[3552.160 --> 3558.560]  think in July we will have an emotional intelligence webinar we will have another stress management webinar
+[3558.560 --> 3566.560]  that is very very good and so keep an eye out for all the future webinars that there is okay let me see
+[3566.640 --> 3575.600]  there is a question you see what is the question sorry okay so someone said please email the
+[3575.600 --> 3581.520]  presentation so absolutely thank you so much it was very interesting and insightful ever wonderful
+[3581.520 --> 3587.120]  days I'm glad you found it insightful because I also found it insightful especially if you start
+[3587.120 --> 3593.600]  researching what happens out there in the media where people are suspected of murders and things
+[3593.840 --> 3600.080]  like that the way people lie is interesting and a lot of people do the same type of things so you
+[3600.080 --> 3605.440]  don't have to be an expert use the tools and the resources that you have for example do a confidence
+[3605.440 --> 3613.600]  based interview do psychometric testing if you can do reference checks do a qualification in history
+[3614.400 --> 3619.520]  history checks do all of those things to help you together with what it is that you determine so
+[3619.520 --> 3624.080]  you don't have to be perfect in everything and know whether someone is lying you want to
+[3624.640 --> 3633.040]  to use all of your tools okay and expressions are very intriguing it is because it can also be misleading
+[3633.040 --> 3639.280]  so we also aware that you don't make assumptions maybe get clarification from the person
+[3640.080 --> 3646.400]  and I'm glad you found it interesting I'm really glad about that because I also I thought it would
+[3646.400 --> 3654.080]  be very interesting for for people in the workplace so remember just to also be very be objective
+[3654.080 --> 3658.880]  don't don't be too subjective when you do this if someone does a particular action
+[3661.600 --> 3669.120]  you know attack them for maybe lying so be be be very careful of that okay any other questions
+[3669.840 --> 3678.560]  now is your chance all right and send you email to there is also our details
+[3681.600 --> 3688.160]  yeah that is our details if you want to contact us directly and otherwise you can also speak
+[3688.160 --> 3693.600]  to HR talk you welcome to talk to them and we will get hold of you otherwise this is our contact
+[3693.680 --> 3700.160]  details that you can get hold of us if if you need anything so and then I hope to see you in our
+[3700.160 --> 3704.320]  future webinars if you see that you look exactly maybe one more question
+[3708.480 --> 3712.160]  we're gonna practice psych oh this is an old one
+[3712.640 --> 3726.640]  you just see okay okay so there's a good good question here we're using plate honor patterns
+[3726.640 --> 3732.400]  to this day to conduct interviews arc and body language we used on such platforms you would have to
+[3734.240 --> 3739.200]  the thing is it is limited online like this it's very limited so you can only do what it is
+[3739.200 --> 3745.760]  that you can do and make use of additional information like reference checks other additional
+[3745.760 --> 3751.600]  checks maybe do psychometric testing or something but online like this it is quite it is a little
+[3751.600 --> 3758.000]  bit more difficult listen also to tone of voice listen to what is said and these people saying
+[3758.000 --> 3765.040]  this was very interesting I love that and these people asking for the competency based questionnaires
+[3765.040 --> 3775.200]  so please send me please send me an email or make contact with HR talk and and we will send it to you
+[3775.200 --> 3783.520]  so please please send your details to me so that I can send it to you okay I mean please have
+[3783.520 --> 3788.800]  information yes okay fantastic everyone can get the competency based questionnaires it's gonna
+[3788.800 --> 3793.680]  it's gonna help you a lot and someone asked you we can I practice psychometric test that's what
+[3793.680 --> 3801.040]  something you can practice because the psychometric test is they test you as you are right now in
+[3801.040 --> 3807.680]  this moment so if you can't you can't practice that you must have confidence in yourself that
+[3807.680 --> 3815.200]  that when you go do it that they are just gonna measure you the way that you are all right we see
+[3815.200 --> 3823.360]  if there's any other questions okay psychometrics are very helpful to make decisions and
+[3823.360 --> 3829.520]  recruitment absolutely definitely so so I agree with that together with everything else that
+[3829.520 --> 3838.080]  you can do is very very very very important okay so I think that is the last question so everyone
+[3838.080 --> 3844.320]  I hope to see you next time please log in this was it was a lot of fun doing this with you so please
+[3844.320 --> 3851.920]  log in keep an eye out for your next three webinar so please I hope to see you again okay thank you
+[3851.920 --> 3854.960]  everyone bye bye

transcript/workshop_-7TemBRXeww.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,1266 @@
+[0.000 --> 1.400]  I'm back.
+[1.400 --> 3.040]  Hello.
+[3.040 --> 4.080]  Hey, Ted.
+[6.580 --> 7.600]  How are you?
+[7.600 --> 9.720]  I'm so excited to be back.
+[9.720 --> 12.720]  I'm thrilled to help increase your ability
+[12.720 --> 15.520]  to communicate more effectively and get two steps ahead
+[15.520 --> 16.600]  of human behavior.
+[16.600 --> 18.640]  Stop drama and its tracks.
+[18.640 --> 21.080]  Sometimes we think this person is a great fit
+[21.080 --> 22.200]  or we think we're getting it.
+[22.200 --> 23.640]  Yes, they're even saying yes.
+[23.640 --> 25.480]  Their head might be nodding yes.
+[25.480 --> 27.320]  But all of a sudden, our trip we
+[27.320 --> 29.800]  plan to Aruba with all the big money we're making
+[29.800 --> 31.120]  has to be canceled.
+[31.120 --> 33.120]  So have you ever had those moments where you thought
+[33.120 --> 35.720]  something was a definite yes and you got bamboozled?
+[35.720 --> 37.280]  You like how did I not see it?
+[37.280 --> 39.240]  Today we're going to talk about in this afternoon session
+[39.240 --> 41.920]  about these non-verbal objections that
+[41.920 --> 43.280]  are right in front of you.
+[43.280 --> 44.640]  Now let me ask you this.
+[44.640 --> 48.360]  If I said yes, and I'm saying yes
+[48.360 --> 51.400]  and my head's nodding yes, what do you think the gesture
+[51.400 --> 54.640]  is that turns that agreement to disagreement?
+[54.640 --> 56.480]  It's not sticking up the middle finger.
+[56.480 --> 58.720]  So slow it down at G.P.P.O. All right?
+[58.720 --> 59.800]  What is the hand gesture?
+[59.800 --> 60.840]  Talk to the person next to you.
+[60.840 --> 62.200]  What is the hand gesture that turns
+[62.200 --> 63.680]  agreement to disagreement?
+[63.680 --> 64.600]  It's so easy.
+[64.600 --> 66.840]  We see it all the time, but no one's ever taught us.
+[66.840 --> 68.400]  This becomes a disagreement.
+[68.400 --> 70.120]  Talk to someone behind you or next to you.
+[70.120 --> 71.720]  What is the hand gesture that turns
+[71.720 --> 74.000]  agreement to disagreement?
+[74.000 --> 75.160]  See if you can figure it out.
+[86.760 --> 87.760]  All right.
+[87.760 --> 90.000]  Do you think you know what it is?
+[90.000 --> 90.520]  What is it?
+[90.520 --> 91.600]  Someone said a thumbs down.
+[91.600 --> 92.120]  I heard.
+[92.120 --> 93.800]  What do you think it is?
+[93.800 --> 94.880]  What?
+[94.880 --> 95.960]  Touching your head?
+[95.960 --> 96.560]  This is it.
+[96.560 --> 97.760]  It's touching your head.
+[97.760 --> 99.720]  What men and women do this differently.
+[99.720 --> 101.760]  So I want you to look at someone next to you,
+[101.760 --> 104.680]  and the men what men tend to do is pat the back of their head.
+[104.680 --> 105.680]  So I want you to go like this.
+[105.680 --> 107.760]  Yeah, that sounds like a good idea.
+[107.760 --> 109.200]  Yeah, go ahead, do it.
+[109.200 --> 110.240]  Everyone pat your head.
+[110.240 --> 113.080]  Yeah, that sounds like a good idea.
+[113.080 --> 115.400]  Women, we go from the nape of our neck up.
+[115.400 --> 117.160]  So now I want you to look at someone else and say,
+[117.160 --> 119.120]  yeah, I'd love to get together again.
+[119.120 --> 120.120]  Yeah.
+[120.120 --> 122.000]  Yeah, that bumble date is a bust.
+[122.000 --> 125.480]  It's not happening again, all right?
+[125.480 --> 128.800]  Any high level pacifier happening on the face,
+[128.800 --> 132.480]  at the same time as a yes, turns that agreement to disagreement.
+[132.480 --> 135.120]  It's up to you to start to spot those nonverbals
+[135.120 --> 136.320]  and ask a question.
+[136.320 --> 138.960]  What they're telling you here is there's a problem here.
+[138.960 --> 141.280]  And it's up to us to spot it and then ask that,
+[141.280 --> 144.000]  if you were here this morning, maybe I'm wrong here, question.
+[144.000 --> 145.000]  Maybe I'm wrong here.
+[145.000 --> 147.400]  So let's understand the power body language.
+[147.400 --> 151.240]  For simple questions to ask to change your success behavior,
+[151.240 --> 153.000]  how do I want to show up today?
+[153.000 --> 155.200]  Where did I not show up well yesterday?
+[155.200 --> 158.960]  What caused me to respond in effectively and effectively?
+[158.960 --> 161.960]  And where might I be tempted to lose my cool today?
+[161.960 --> 164.640]  We're going to talk about anger in this session.
+[164.640 --> 165.800]  Anger is misunderstood.
+[165.800 --> 167.880]  By the way, anger is very easy to overcome.
+[167.880 --> 169.880]  If you understand the true definition of anger,
+[169.880 --> 171.320]  I'm not afraid of anger.
+[171.320 --> 174.440]  When flavor to play told me to go after myself
+[174.440 --> 178.000]  several times on MTV there, I was afraid of it.
+[178.000 --> 179.680]  I thought it was just kind of cool,
+[179.680 --> 181.760]  because I understand what anger is.
+[181.760 --> 183.240]  So we're going to explore what is anger.
+[183.240 --> 184.200]  How do we overcome it?
+[184.200 --> 187.440]  We're going to even talk about Harvard Business Review.
+[187.440 --> 189.720]  Bart Business School came up with a great formula.
+[189.720 --> 191.600]  When someone calls you and they're angry,
+[191.600 --> 194.880]  instead of saying, I'm doing everything I can,
+[194.880 --> 196.200]  I'll do everything I can.
+[196.200 --> 197.320]  Let me figure this out.
+[197.320 --> 198.400]  What do we say instead?
+[198.400 --> 201.480]  We'll go over that formula if we have time during this session.
+[201.480 --> 203.680]  What I want you to do, though, is you're going to partner up
+[203.680 --> 204.600]  with someone right now.
+[204.600 --> 206.040]  We're going to have a couple exercises.
+[206.040 --> 207.280]  This is a workshop.
+[207.280 --> 208.880]  I want you to partner up with someone behind you
+[208.880 --> 209.880]  or beside you.
+[209.880 --> 211.520]  And I want you to go through these questions.
+[211.520 --> 213.640]  You're just going to take two minutes each.
+[213.640 --> 216.040]  Where are you not the best version of you?
+[216.040 --> 217.960]  To increase your emotional intelligence,
+[217.960 --> 220.360]  if you just started, you and your team,
+[220.360 --> 222.680]  these four simple questions every day,
+[222.680 --> 224.480]  you start to do these four simple questions,
+[224.480 --> 227.200]  you'll begin to have smarter decisions being made.
+[227.200 --> 229.800]  Because you're having people anticipate potential problems
+[229.800 --> 231.400]  where they might lose their cool.
+[231.400 --> 233.200]  So if you are sitting next to nobody,
+[233.200 --> 234.040]  I've got good news.
+[234.040 --> 235.720]  You're going to go find yourself a friend.
+[235.720 --> 237.920]  So you each have a couple of minutes.
+[237.920 --> 239.880]  This section says to me no more than four minutes,
+[239.880 --> 240.800]  two minutes each.
+[240.800 --> 241.840]  Say hello to someone.
+[241.840 --> 243.200]  Go over these four questions.
+[243.200 --> 244.160]  Introduce yourself.
+[263.200 --> 267.200]  Thank you.
+[267.200 --> 269.400]  You need these for the audience?
+[269.400 --> 270.400]  Maybe.
+[270.400 --> 271.400]  Yeah, maybe.
+[271.400 --> 272.000]  Thank you.
+[272.000 --> 272.600]  That's really helpful.
+[272.600 --> 273.600]  Yeah, thank you.
+[288.800 --> 289.300]  Thank you.
+[289.300 --> 290.000]  How many use that?
+[293.200 --> 294.200]  I'm sorry.
+[294.200 --> 295.200]  I'm sorry.
+[295.200 --> 296.200]  I'm sorry.
+[296.200 --> 297.200]  I'm sorry.
+[297.200 --> 298.200]  I'm sorry.
+[298.200 --> 299.200]  I'm sorry.
+[299.200 --> 300.200]  I'm sorry.
+[300.200 --> 301.200]  I'm sorry.
+[301.200 --> 302.200]  I'm sorry.
+[302.200 --> 303.200]  I'm sorry.
+[303.200 --> 304.200]  I'm sorry.
+[304.200 --> 305.200]  I'm sorry.
+[305.200 --> 306.200]  I'm sorry.
+[306.200 --> 307.200]  I'm sorry.
+[307.200 --> 308.200]  I'm sorry.
+[308.200 --> 309.200]  I'm sorry.
+[309.200 --> 310.200]  I'm sorry.
+[310.200 --> 311.200]  I'm sorry.
+[311.200 --> 312.200]  I'm sorry.
+[312.200 --> 313.200]  I'm sorry.
+[313.200 --> 314.200]  I'm sorry.
+[314.200 --> 315.200]  I'm sorry.
+[315.200 --> 316.200]  I'm sorry.
+[316.200 --> 317.200]  I'm sorry.
+[317.200 --> 318.200]  I'm sorry.
+[318.200 --> 319.200]  I'm sorry.
+[319.200 --> 320.200]  I'm sorry.
+[320.200 --> 321.200]  I'm sorry.
+[321.200 --> 322.200]  I'm sorry.
+[322.200 --> 323.200]  I'm sorry.
+[323.200 --> 324.200]  I'm sorry.
+[324.200 --> 325.200]  I'm sorry.
+[325.200 --> 326.200]  I'm sorry.
+[326.200 --> 327.200]  I'm sorry.
+[327.200 --> 328.200]  I'm sorry.
+[328.200 --> 329.200]  I'm sorry.
+[329.200 --> 330.200]  I'm sorry.
+[330.200 --> 331.200]  I'm sorry.
+[331.200 --> 332.200]  I'm sorry.
+[332.200 --> 333.200]  I'm sorry.
+[333.200 --> 334.200]  I'm sorry.
+[334.200 --> 335.200]  I'm sorry.
+[335.200 --> 336.200]  I'm sorry.
+[336.200 --> 337.200]  I'm sorry.
+[337.200 --> 338.200]  I'm sorry.
+[338.200 --> 339.200]  I'm sorry.
+[339.200 --> 340.200]  I'm sorry.
+[340.200 --> 341.200]  I'm sorry.
+[341.200 --> 342.200]  I'm sorry.
+[342.200 --> 343.200]  I'm sorry.
+[343.200 --> 344.200]  I'm sorry.
+[344.200 --> 345.200]  I'm sorry.
+[345.200 --> 346.200]  I'm sorry.
+[346.200 --> 347.200]  I'm sorry.
+[347.200 --> 348.200]  I'm sorry.
+[348.200 --> 349.200]  I'm sorry.
+[349.200 --> 350.200]  I'm sorry.
+[350.200 --> 351.200]  I'm sorry.
+[351.200 --> 353.200]  I wasn't a switch.
+[353.200 --> 354.200]  I was a switch.
+[354.200 --> 357.200]  I was a switch.
+[357.200 --> 360.200]  I was a switch.
+[360.200 --> 361.200]  Ahhh.
+[361.200 --> 362.200]  Wrap it up.
+[362.200 --> 370.200]  To minutes.
+[370.200 --> 372.200]  Two minutes if you didn't switch switch now.
+[372.200 --> 374.200]  No, no.
+[374.200 --> 376.200]  I know.
+[406.200 --> 413.200]  Okay, say thank you to your partner.
+[413.200 --> 424.360]  If you hear my voice go, shh, help me out.
+[424.360 --> 427.760]  Say thanks to your partner.
+[427.760 --> 431.360]  The first step on emotional intelligence is self-awareness.
+[431.360 --> 433.840]  So the first step on emotional intelligence is self-awareness.
+[433.840 --> 438.000]  So checking in on where you might not have been the best version of yourself yesterday
+[438.000 --> 439.920]  is a game changer.
+[439.920 --> 444.840]  My boyfriend and I, we wake up every day and if we're not together we text each other,
+[444.840 --> 447.280]  I'm going to give you our system every day.
+[447.280 --> 449.560]  Just see it's just see it's there who you're going to see tomorrow.
+[449.560 --> 452.640]  He is a policy which is never give your pain a voice, right?
+[452.640 --> 456.080]  So where you're pain and suffering, less things do you're grateful for.
+[456.080 --> 458.960]  We do what are called gems, G-E-M.
+[458.960 --> 463.640]  So every day, Dan and myself, text each other or call each other and say, G, what are
+[463.640 --> 465.880]  we grateful for today?
+[465.880 --> 469.080]  What are we excited about and what are we manifesting?
+[469.080 --> 474.120]  This sets the tone for our day and we'll say, he'll write to me or send me a voice video.
+[474.120 --> 475.600]  Hey, Janine, hear my gems.
+[475.600 --> 476.600]  I'm grateful for you.
+[476.600 --> 477.760]  I'm grateful for my daughter Maggie.
+[477.760 --> 479.600]  I'm grateful for whatever.
+[479.600 --> 481.880]  I'm excited about this and what are we manifesting.
+[481.880 --> 484.800]  Sometimes the list will repeat itself.
+[484.800 --> 489.640]  It's a great way to start your mindset in a positive, in a positive energy, in a positive
+[489.640 --> 490.640]  direction.
+[490.640 --> 497.000]  So you can do your gems or you could do these four simple questions about success behavior.
+[497.000 --> 499.560]  I call this the caveman exercise.
+[499.560 --> 503.480]  Many of us business people are doing things wrong and it's not our fault because no one
+[503.480 --> 504.560]  told us.
+[504.560 --> 507.280]  Many of us are like, hey, I'm in a family owned business.
+[507.280 --> 512.200]  I've been doing this for X amount of generations or you might say, hey, I've been in this industry
+[512.200 --> 513.680]  for X amount.
+[513.680 --> 516.280]  Here's how I work and get you the best prices.
+[516.280 --> 518.680]  Here's what I do in my world.
+[518.680 --> 521.040]  I'm the best at this.
+[521.040 --> 522.040]  That's great.
+[522.040 --> 525.120]  If you're great at something and you tell me you're great and you show me all the social
+[525.120 --> 527.560]  proof, you show me all the results, that's great.
+[527.560 --> 532.360]  But this equals, and if you're taking notes which I recommend that you do, but competence
+[532.360 --> 535.400]  equals, you should respect me.
+[535.400 --> 538.200]  Competence equals, you should respect me.
+[538.200 --> 539.680]  I know what I'm doing.
+[539.680 --> 540.800]  Here's the issue.
+[540.800 --> 545.040]  When I first meet you or whoever you're meeting with, the first thing I'm not saying is,
+[545.040 --> 546.040]  can I respect you?
+[546.040 --> 550.760]  I'm first saying, what, can I trust you?
+[550.760 --> 553.160]  Trust is connected to warmth and likability.
+[553.160 --> 557.840]  It has nothing to do with how great you are at your job or all your social proof.
+[557.840 --> 559.920]  So are you warm and likable?
+[559.920 --> 564.000]  If a mirror were to drop down in front of you in your last interview you did with someone
+[564.000 --> 569.600]  to bring onto your company, would that mirror that image match who you think you are being
+[569.600 --> 572.960]  on the inside or is your face thrown apart?
+[572.960 --> 576.840]  There's something else showing up, this heaviness showing up.
+[576.840 --> 580.080]  I caught the cave man exercise because here's why.
+[580.080 --> 583.560]  My ex-husband, we get along great, lives a couple miles away, which is awesome, we have
+[583.560 --> 584.880]  three sons together.
+[584.880 --> 589.760]  I want you to imagine, my ex-husband and I were in a cave, were cave people, and along comes
+[589.760 --> 593.160]  this cave chick, your name is Michelle.
+[593.160 --> 595.240]  Michelle, cave chick, Michelle comes along.
+[595.240 --> 600.720]  Am I first saying to myself, hey, I wonder if Michelle can light a good fire?
+[600.720 --> 603.760]  Before I'm saying, I wonder when we go to sleep tonight, is she going to take my ex-husband
+[603.760 --> 605.880]  and my kids and kill me dead?
+[605.880 --> 606.880]  What am I asking first?
+[606.880 --> 609.440]  Is she going to kill me dead?
+[609.440 --> 613.080]  I care more about trust than I do about respect.
+[613.080 --> 615.680]  I'm not saying respect is not important, but that's second.
+[615.680 --> 617.080]  And here's the interesting thing.
+[617.080 --> 619.880]  We lead with you should respect me, I'm good at what I do.
+[619.880 --> 622.240]  We all lead with that, almost all of us.
+[622.240 --> 625.600]  But yet when we meet someone else, we're looking for, can I trust them?
+[625.600 --> 626.840]  Are they authentic?
+[626.840 --> 627.840]  Are they real?
+[627.840 --> 629.360]  Are they warm and likable?
+[629.360 --> 632.320]  So warmth and likability builds trust.
+[632.320 --> 636.600]  So your job is to be warm and likable and to be authentic.
+[636.600 --> 641.240]  This morning when I was introduced, they played a video clip of Al Roker, who is afraid
+[641.240 --> 642.240]  of me, by the way.
+[642.240 --> 647.360]  He really is, when I go to the today show, he's like, jeannie driver, hey, how's it going?
+[647.360 --> 653.360]  He never comes over and has contact with my body in any way.
+[653.360 --> 655.640]  I tried to touch him, he wouldn't let me touch him.
+[655.640 --> 660.720]  So I tell you this because I did a segment on the today show where I'm touching Willie
+[660.720 --> 661.720]  Geiss.
+[661.720 --> 665.920]  It was November, right, where they're bringing cancer, awareness for men.
+[665.920 --> 666.920]  And I touch Willie Geiss.
+[666.920 --> 668.840]  There's a segment on sitting on an airplane.
+[668.840 --> 670.680]  And those were old pan-am seats.
+[670.680 --> 674.400]  And I was eight months pregnant at the time, so a lot was happening.
+[674.400 --> 679.120]  And I lean over and I touch Willie Geiss beard and I'm like, hey, Willie, how you doing?
+[679.120 --> 683.560]  You know how many times people tell me I can't be flirty, I can't be fun like that.
+[683.560 --> 687.400]  It's not professional, you're on television, you got to clean it up.
+[687.400 --> 692.240]  Well the next day, I did that on a Tuesday, the next day, my phone's lightened up like a
+[692.240 --> 693.440]  Christmas tree.
+[693.440 --> 695.480]  My friends at Columbia saying, you're not going to believe this.
+[695.480 --> 699.960]  But Al Roker and Willie Geiss have started the 9 o'clock hour talking about your segment
+[699.960 --> 701.960]  from the day before.
+[701.960 --> 704.560]  That would have cost me millions and dollars of advertising.
+[704.560 --> 708.240]  Hey, there's a place out there called the Body Language Institute.
+[708.240 --> 710.480]  Yeah, Jeannie drivers, the CEO.
+[710.480 --> 713.480]  There's a building where they're literally, we love you Jeannie.
+[713.480 --> 717.160]  We love you, I love you, she's afraid of her, but we love you.
+[717.160 --> 719.120]  I mean, that would cost me millions and dollars.
+[719.120 --> 723.600]  That segment was edited, four minutes they talked about me the next day.
+[723.600 --> 724.880]  Why do I share that story with you?
+[724.880 --> 731.400]  I share that story with you because authenticity is up to 40 times, some people think 4,000
+[731.400 --> 733.440]  times stronger than love.
+[733.440 --> 735.400]  So are you being authentically you?
+[735.400 --> 737.280]  I'm not going to be everyone's cup of tea.
+[737.280 --> 738.520]  Some of you want to be my best friend.
+[738.520 --> 741.400]  You're like, no, literally Jeannie, I want to be your new best friend.
+[741.400 --> 744.680]  Some people are like, really, they brought her back, right?
+[744.680 --> 747.600]  She's back, that one, the Boston girl.
+[747.600 --> 749.720]  I'm okay with either of those things.
+[749.720 --> 750.920]  I'm okay either way.
+[750.920 --> 752.480]  I call them good to nose.
+[752.480 --> 754.960]  I got this from a woman named Andrea Quinn.
+[754.960 --> 758.960]  Andrea Quinn talks about the eight quintessentials for your dreams to come true.
+[758.960 --> 763.560]  And instead of taking negative feedback, especially as women for the women in the room and knowing
+[763.560 --> 767.120]  and feeling like we're not good enough, she just calls them good to know.
+[767.120 --> 770.880]  I went to her, I remember I was speaking at an event, it was a woman's conference, and
+[770.880 --> 774.040]  there were 40 women, I've written a couple books, I was autographing them.
+[774.040 --> 776.800]  And a woman with dark glasses, they're really cool.
+[776.800 --> 778.520]  She was at the end and she came up.
+[778.520 --> 781.240]  I was so excited, she stuck around for like 45 minutes.
+[781.240 --> 783.440]  I go, my gosh, thanks for sticking around.
+[783.440 --> 788.120]  She's only stuck around to talk to you about you were roommates with my friend at a woman's
+[788.120 --> 791.120]  camp, my friend Sarah, she's my best friend.
+[791.120 --> 795.800]  And I don't get it, she loves you and I don't get what it's all about.
+[795.800 --> 798.800]  I went to both of your events and I totally don't get it.
+[798.800 --> 802.800]  I don't like your personality and I thought all the stuff you thought you taught was not
+[802.800 --> 804.680]  valuable at all.
+[804.680 --> 809.160]  Old Jeanine would have used, you know, instead of thank you, a different word in front
+[809.160 --> 810.320]  of the you, right?
+[810.320 --> 815.840]  Like, instead because I had learned this, that's a good to know, I said, oh, that's good to
+[815.840 --> 816.840]  know.
+[816.840 --> 818.880]  How can I help you?
+[818.880 --> 820.760]  So write down, good to know.
+[820.760 --> 824.120]  Some of us need some more good to know in our lives.
+[824.120 --> 828.120]  Instead of us taking it so personally, all it is is a good to know.
+[828.120 --> 829.120]  It's a good to know.
+[829.120 --> 830.120]  I'm like, good to know.
+[830.120 --> 831.120]  Go talk to Sarah about it.
+[831.120 --> 834.120]  She's known, really, I don't understand what she likes about you.
+[834.120 --> 839.120]  Okay, maybe you are like me or you know someone like me that, you know, people either love
+[839.120 --> 841.120]  them or they don't love them.
+[841.120 --> 845.680]  All right, we think about this cave woman exercises cave man exercise.
+[845.680 --> 849.040]  First our job is can I trust this person warmth and like ability, we're going to explore
+[849.040 --> 853.960]  some of the body language of warmth and like ability and power in this presentation.
+[853.960 --> 858.080]  All right, as we look at people, first let's analyze you.
+[858.080 --> 860.760]  All right, let's analyze you.
+[860.760 --> 862.760]  What are you saying without saying a word?
+[862.760 --> 864.720]  These are some different executives.
+[864.720 --> 866.680]  Your job is to get up right now.
+[866.680 --> 867.880]  You're going to find a partner.
+[867.880 --> 871.560]  You're going to take your cell phone and you're going to have them take a picture of how
+[871.560 --> 875.160]  do you normally stand and how do you normally sit?
+[875.160 --> 876.160]  How do you normally stand?
+[876.160 --> 877.600]  How do you normally sit?
+[877.600 --> 881.480]  Then you're going to do two of these power poses because it's great to analyze athletes
+[881.480 --> 883.520]  and politicians and celebrities.
+[883.520 --> 887.000]  But something magical happens when you analyze yourself.
+[887.000 --> 888.280]  So how do you normally stand?
+[888.280 --> 889.760]  How do you normally sit?
+[889.760 --> 891.840]  And then two power poses.
+[891.840 --> 896.160]  And then your task is this, which version of you would you want to work with?
+[896.160 --> 901.720]  Which version of you do you think can lead your business into this next year to be very
+[901.720 --> 903.520]  successful as a team?
+[903.520 --> 905.920]  Which version of you is the most powerful?
+[905.920 --> 907.400]  So find a friend.
+[907.400 --> 908.720]  Someone you do not know.
+[908.720 --> 909.720]  Nice try.
+[909.720 --> 910.720]  Guys sit next to each other.
+[910.720 --> 911.720]  Nice try.
+[911.720 --> 915.920]  Someone you don't know and have them take your phone and four pictures total.
+[915.920 --> 917.480]  How do you normally sit and stand?
+[917.480 --> 918.480]  Two power poses.
+[918.480 --> 919.480]  Here we go.
+[975.920 --> 976.920]  Yeah.
+[976.920 --> 977.920]  Yeah, give it two of them.
+[977.920 --> 978.920]  Start two.
+[978.920 --> 979.920]  Pick two.
+[979.920 --> 980.920]  Yeah.
+[980.920 --> 981.920]  Yeah, give it two of them.
+[981.920 --> 982.920]  Start two.
+[982.920 --> 983.920]  Pick two.
+[983.920 --> 990.920]  Yeah.
+[990.920 --> 1001.520]  Yeah, give it two of them.
+[1001.520 --> 1002.520]  Start two.
+[1002.520 --> 1003.520]  Pick two.
+[1003.520 --> 1008.840]  Yeah
+[1033.520 --> 1037.520]  You know, you can't hurt me now. I can't feel the pain.
+[1037.520 --> 1039.520]  You're dead, oh my gosh, thank you.
+[1039.520 --> 1041.520]  Oh, yes, I remember you now.
+[1051.520 --> 1053.520]  Who's that?
+[1053.520 --> 1056.520]  The sea is for the colors I possess through the drama.
+[1056.520 --> 1058.520]  It's just for the heart, but it's all for the honor.
+[1058.520 --> 1060.520]  And you're still not at it too.
+[1060.520 --> 1062.520]  I'm sliding by, you're sliding.
+[1062.520 --> 1065.520]  Sorry, sorry.
+[1065.520 --> 1067.520]  Sorry, sorry.
+[1067.520 --> 1070.520]  Go, go, go, go, go, go.
+[1070.520 --> 1072.520]  Okay, you know what I mean?
+[1072.520 --> 1075.520]  It's necessary because I'll never give it to you.
+[1075.520 --> 1076.520]  Oh, thank you.
+[1076.520 --> 1078.520]  Got one? Take another one.
+[1078.520 --> 1080.520]  Thank you.
+[1080.520 --> 1085.520] VERN every conference is all about expressable shape.
+[1100.520 --> 1102.520]  Hello.
+[1104.520 --> 1106.520]  Hello.
+[1110.520 --> 1120.960]  Okay.
+[1120.960 --> 1122.840]  Say goodbye to your partner.
+[1122.840 --> 1127.000]  Check out your pictures.
+[1127.000 --> 1129.200]  Grab a seat.
+[1129.200 --> 1130.440]  If you hear my voice, help me out.
+[1130.440 --> 1132.920]  Go shh.
+[1132.920 --> 1134.160]  All right, check out your pictures.
+[1134.160 --> 1136.440]  Which one's your money maker?
+[1136.440 --> 1139.040]  Which one sends the message of power?
+[1139.040 --> 1140.960]  We have the Jeff Bezos up here.
+[1140.960 --> 1143.240]  When we are an upside down triangle,
+[1143.240 --> 1145.840]  why'd at the top and narrow at the bottom?
+[1145.840 --> 1148.120]  It's, I'm so confident you can't tip me over.
+[1148.120 --> 1150.040]  I could stand like a top.
+[1150.040 --> 1152.520]  So I can be big at the top and small at the bottom.
+[1152.520 --> 1155.400]  That's how confident I am that you can't push me over.
+[1155.400 --> 1157.280]  Because that's an off-balance pose.
+[1157.280 --> 1160.080]  We see Indra Nui, one of my favorite executives ever
+[1160.080 --> 1161.560]  born on this planet.
+[1161.560 --> 1164.200]  Former CEO PepsiCo, born in India.
+[1164.200 --> 1166.560]  Her mother used to say to Indra and Indra's sister,
+[1166.560 --> 1167.800]  tonight you're running for president
+[1167.800 --> 1170.000]  of the United States of America at dinner,
+[1170.000 --> 1172.440]  be prepared, and then have to debate.
+[1172.440 --> 1174.640]  One would lose, one would win, and then a mom would say,
+[1174.640 --> 1176.720]  tomorrow you're running for prime minister of Australia,
+[1176.720 --> 1177.920]  be prepared.
+[1177.920 --> 1181.680]  Indra grows up to become the CEO of PepsiCo,
+[1181.680 --> 1185.880]  changes the game, not only with Pepsi project products,
+[1185.880 --> 1188.560]  but like with, if you look at Lay's potato chips,
+[1188.560 --> 1190.600]  three ingredients in Lay's potato chips,
+[1190.600 --> 1191.960]  potatoes, oil, and salt.
+[1191.960 --> 1192.800]  That's it.
+[1192.800 --> 1193.560]  That's on the back.
+[1193.560 --> 1194.400]  So I love Indra Nui.
+[1194.400 --> 1195.960]  She's a big chin grabber.
+[1195.960 --> 1197.880]  If you're taking notes, when we grab our chin,
+[1197.880 --> 1199.440]  we're about to win.
+[1199.440 --> 1201.440]  So look, right here, if you're going to get your master's
+[1201.440 --> 1204.080]  degree or your PhD, save the money in the time,
+[1204.080 --> 1206.040]  fraying all those papers, and just start doing this
+[1206.040 --> 1208.040]  everywhere you go.
+[1208.040 --> 1209.480]  Feel like, listen, I don't know how to tell you this,
+[1209.480 --> 1211.440]  but I've dropped out of the program.
+[1211.440 --> 1214.680]  I look way more intelligent just simply doing this.
+[1214.680 --> 1216.200]  Everywhere I go, your kids will be like,
+[1216.200 --> 1218.920]  mom and dad came home so intelligent.
+[1218.920 --> 1220.240]  I don't know what it is.
+[1220.240 --> 1222.680]  When we grab our chin, we're about to win.
+[1222.680 --> 1225.680]  Then we have right here our hands behind our back.
+[1225.680 --> 1227.160]  This used to be called the Prince Charles,
+[1227.160 --> 1229.080]  now called the King Charles position.
+[1229.080 --> 1230.960]  Angelina Jolie will often stand this way,
+[1230.960 --> 1233.560]  because she's more comfortable in an actress role
+[1233.560 --> 1235.360]  in the character than herself.
+[1235.360 --> 1237.440]  This is, I'm so confident you can't hurt me.
+[1237.440 --> 1239.160]  I can arrest myself.
+[1239.160 --> 1242.520]  So I can put handcuffs behind me, and you won't hurt me.
+[1242.520 --> 1244.160]  My neck dimpled, my belly button,
+[1244.160 --> 1246.600]  and I call the naughty bits down here.
+[1246.600 --> 1249.560]  So keep those areas open, but confident.
+[1249.560 --> 1253.600]  Then we have Angela Errant here, the former CEO Burberry,
+[1253.600 --> 1257.560]  and then became an executive senior VP over at Apple,
+[1257.560 --> 1259.240]  if you've ever been to an Apple store,
+[1259.240 --> 1261.440]  when they redid them to become part of the community.
+[1261.440 --> 1263.840]  That's Miss Errant's here, did that.
+[1263.840 --> 1266.840]  This is called the CEO pose, taking up space,
+[1266.840 --> 1269.320]  both on the table and on your hip.
+[1269.320 --> 1271.120]  Incredibly confident pose.
+[1271.120 --> 1273.920]  The more space we take up, the more confidence we send.
+[1273.920 --> 1276.520]  And then the last one here is steepling.
+[1276.520 --> 1278.440]  When we steeple people, we intimidate people.
+[1278.440 --> 1280.800]  Let me see your steeples, everybody bring out your steeple.
+[1280.800 --> 1283.560]  Some people leave my programs addicted to the steeple,
+[1283.560 --> 1285.880]  and they send me edible arrangements saying,
+[1285.880 --> 1287.800]  thanks for the steeple.
+[1287.800 --> 1290.480]  If you're in a meeting and someone is talking over you,
+[1290.480 --> 1292.920]  instead of saying, hey, can I finish talking?
+[1292.920 --> 1295.760]  Hey, shh.
+[1295.760 --> 1297.400]  Can I finish talking, please?
+[1297.400 --> 1300.040]  Instead of doing this and looking like someone
+[1300.040 --> 1303.000]  that might have a cute little nickname given to you,
+[1303.000 --> 1305.000]  if you just simply, when someone interrupts,
+[1305.000 --> 1308.800]  push back from the table and steeple, watch what happens.
+[1308.800 --> 1310.560]  Break-eye contact and steeple.
+[1310.560 --> 1311.920]  Someone else at the table will be like,
+[1311.920 --> 1313.440]  stop interrupting him.
+[1313.440 --> 1315.080]  Well, yeah, watch what happens.
+[1315.080 --> 1315.680]  It's magic.
+[1315.680 --> 1316.840]  It's the magic bullet.
+[1316.840 --> 1318.960]  And then that's where the edible arrangements come from you
+[1318.960 --> 1322.360]  to me with those chocolate covered strawberries.
+[1322.360 --> 1325.000]  The steepling, it sends the message of power, authority,
+[1325.000 --> 1326.040]  and confidence.
+[1326.040 --> 1329.240]  So maybe you picked out one of those as your power poses.
+[1329.240 --> 1332.000]  Confidence and authority, steepling.
+[1332.000 --> 1336.160]  Right here, we can see people steepling in our moments,
+[1336.160 --> 1338.240]  except more than they ever have been.
+[1338.240 --> 1342.120]  So I feel optimistic about the future.
+[1342.120 --> 1344.040]  And as more women rise to the top,
+[1344.040 --> 1346.000]  and more people of color rise to the top,
+[1346.000 --> 1348.320]  I think it's going to make life easier for everybody else.
+[1348.320 --> 1349.960]  Steeple, right there.
+[1349.960 --> 1351.120]  We just saw it.
+[1351.120 --> 1352.680]  This is my dad.
+[1352.680 --> 1354.920]  My dad fixes fire trucks for a living.
+[1354.920 --> 1357.680]  He's now retired in Brooklyn, Massachusetts.
+[1357.680 --> 1360.240]  I was speaking on the Royal Caribbean cruise line.
+[1360.240 --> 1363.000]  And my father goes, hey, Jeanine, I'm not
+[1363.000 --> 1365.920]  coming to watch you speak.
+[1365.920 --> 1369.400]  Because I know you analyze people,
+[1369.400 --> 1372.760]  and you're not going to analyze me.
+[1372.760 --> 1378.280]  Your mother will go on behalf of the family to support you.
+[1378.280 --> 1380.840]  I go, dad, don't worry about it.
+[1380.840 --> 1382.960]  Now, if you know anything about embedded commands,
+[1382.960 --> 1384.560]  we don't hear the word don't.
+[1384.560 --> 1386.360]  So what did I just tell dad?
+[1386.360 --> 1387.400]  Worry about it.
+[1387.400 --> 1390.040]  My father goes, hey, I'm not worried about it,
+[1390.040 --> 1391.560]  because I'm not coming.
+[1391.560 --> 1392.840]  Period.
+[1392.840 --> 1394.480]  I don't know where you're from, but embossed him
+[1394.480 --> 1395.480]  when someone says period.
+[1395.480 --> 1398.400]  It's like stop talking to me, right?
+[1398.400 --> 1399.840]  Well, halfway through the presentation,
+[1399.840 --> 1400.520]  I'll never forget.
+[1400.520 --> 1404.160]  My mom was in the front row, like totally into all this stuff.
+[1404.160 --> 1406.640]  And halfway through standing room only, I'll never forget it.
+[1406.640 --> 1409.040]  This is when people thought Jean-Banet Ramsey
+[1409.040 --> 1413.000]  was killed by her parents potentially, or mother.
+[1413.000 --> 1414.400]  Pantsy Ramsey, voting in hell.
+[1414.400 --> 1416.960]  Hi, I'm just kidding.
+[1416.960 --> 1420.920]  So halfway through, I see a pair of Navy blue mechanic
+[1420.920 --> 1422.160]  pants in the back.
+[1422.160 --> 1423.160]  And it's my dad.
+[1423.160 --> 1425.320]  He wears mechanic pants wherever he goes.
+[1425.320 --> 1427.040]  And we're outside of the cruise.
+[1427.040 --> 1428.360]  We're outside of Puerto Rico.
+[1428.360 --> 1430.400]  It's like 140 degrees outside.
+[1430.400 --> 1434.080]  And I'm on the stage, and I see that Navy Blue mechanic pants
+[1434.080 --> 1436.920]  with a salt and pear peppered hair, dad of mine.
+[1436.920 --> 1440.640]  And he looks at me and winks at me, as if to say,
+[1440.640 --> 1442.560]  I'm proud of you.
+[1442.560 --> 1444.320]  I'll never forget that moment.
+[1444.320 --> 1447.280]  And I tell you about it because we didn't talk about it,
+[1447.280 --> 1450.480]  other than me saying, thanks for showing up.
+[1450.480 --> 1451.600]  Thanks for showing up.
+[1451.600 --> 1453.560]  I didn't think he learned to think.
+[1453.560 --> 1454.320]  Well, guess what?
+[1454.320 --> 1457.720]  The guy falls off the fire truck like 10 years later.
+[1457.720 --> 1459.920]  My dad's the chief auto mechanic.
+[1459.920 --> 1462.480]  My dad has to go in court and testify.
+[1462.480 --> 1464.560]  Because the guy who fell off slipped into a coma
+[1464.560 --> 1466.480]  and went brain dead and eventually died.
+[1466.480 --> 1468.440]  My dad was friends with that firefighter.
+[1468.440 --> 1471.080]  They used to go scuba diving from the age of 18
+[1471.080 --> 1472.440]  into their 40s.
+[1472.440 --> 1474.280]  My dad knows his wife and the kids.
+[1474.280 --> 1475.880]  He's devastated.
+[1475.880 --> 1478.240]  The wife and kids sued the Brooklyn Fire Department,
+[1478.240 --> 1479.600]  the manufacturer of the fire truck,
+[1479.600 --> 1481.240]  and the manufacturer of the little teeny door
+[1481.240 --> 1482.240]  in the fire truck.
+[1482.240 --> 1483.560]  See, the firefighter was standing up,
+[1483.560 --> 1484.920]  drinking his cup of Joe.
+[1484.920 --> 1486.400]  When the fire truck went around the corner,
+[1486.400 --> 1489.240]  he lost his balance and fell off that little teeny barn-sized
+[1489.240 --> 1490.080]  door.
+[1490.080 --> 1493.440]  My father goes, hey, Janine, I have to testify in court.
+[1493.440 --> 1495.640]  I don't like that kind of stuff.
+[1495.640 --> 1496.360]  Any advice?
+[1496.360 --> 1497.960]  I said, be authentic.
+[1497.960 --> 1499.200]  Just be you dad.
+[1499.200 --> 1499.880]  I'll never forget.
+[1499.880 --> 1501.560]  If you've ever been sued, and I hope you had never
+[1501.560 --> 1504.600]  ever been sued, or never will be, they take some while.
+[1504.600 --> 1505.640]  It was about five years.
+[1505.640 --> 1507.160]  I'll never forget I came home.
+[1507.160 --> 1509.400]  My father goes, hey, babe, how you doing?
+[1509.400 --> 1510.880]  I go, good dad, how are you?
+[1510.880 --> 1511.760]  He goes, good.
+[1511.760 --> 1513.480]  Janine, remember my buddy that fell
+[1513.600 --> 1516.400]  off that fire truck five and a half years ago?
+[1516.400 --> 1518.000]  I said, yeah, he goes, yeah.
+[1518.000 --> 1520.840]  Yesterday, I finally testified in court.
+[1520.840 --> 1523.600]  Three hours, 20 minutes, Janine.
+[1523.600 --> 1525.120]  I did this the whole time.
+[1525.120 --> 1531.880]  It's called steep-balling, Janine.
+[1531.880 --> 1533.560]  The lawyers didn't know what to do.
+[1533.560 --> 1536.480]  I stole their move.
+[1536.480 --> 1538.400]  I tell you this, because my dad now
+[1538.400 --> 1540.520]  is living in sin with his girlfriend, Louise,
+[1540.520 --> 1544.960]  and the villages over there in Florida,
+[1544.960 --> 1547.520]  STD, USA.
+[1547.520 --> 1551.640]  And if you see my dad outside of Pickle Ball tournament,
+[1551.640 --> 1553.920]  like in Navy Blue Mechanic Pants, like this,
+[1553.920 --> 1556.800]  and be like, Charlie Driver, I think I met your daughter
+[1556.800 --> 1557.880]  one time.
+[1557.880 --> 1559.320]  He loves the steep-ball.
+[1559.320 --> 1561.400]  During COVID, by the grace of God,
+[1561.400 --> 1562.560]  EPM brought me in.
+[1562.560 --> 1565.200]  I think of the only client that was still doing live events.
+[1565.200 --> 1566.360]  Thank you, Eddie.
+[1566.360 --> 1570.800]  And I was brought in to speak over at EPM headquarters,
+[1570.800 --> 1573.200]  all the cool green that they have over there.
+[1573.200 --> 1576.280]  And Charlie, my middle, said to me at three sons,
+[1576.280 --> 1579.000]  Charlie said, mom, when you come back from this trip,
+[1579.000 --> 1582.200]  will you be bringing us a present or taking us to Target
+[1582.200 --> 1583.520]  to buy a present?
+[1583.520 --> 1585.320]  I said, first things first, Charlie,
+[1585.320 --> 1587.960]  you just made my presentation.
+[1587.960 --> 1590.960]  So here's Charlie.
+[1590.960 --> 1593.680]  Asking me if I'll be bringing presents or taking
+[1593.680 --> 1596.800]  them to Target.
+[1596.800 --> 1600.400]  So here's my middle, Charlie.
+[1600.400 --> 1602.800]  This is that confidence and authority we talked about earlier.
+[1602.800 --> 1605.360]  If you were here, these like elbow pops that happen.
+[1605.360 --> 1607.880]  Here are some different people elbow popping.
+[1607.880 --> 1610.360]  We have three power zones that we keep open when we're
+[1610.360 --> 1611.600]  trustworthy.
+[1611.600 --> 1614.040]  If you cross these neck dimple, the belly button,
+[1614.040 --> 1616.240]  and what I call the naughty bits, if you start to stand
+[1616.240 --> 1619.320]  like this, you hurt your ability to build rapport and trust
+[1619.320 --> 1621.360]  a third every time you block it.
+[1621.440 --> 1625.080]  So your job is to keep that center area open.
+[1625.080 --> 1627.080]  The number one move we do to be trustworthy
+[1627.080 --> 1628.960]  is an open palm gesture.
+[1628.960 --> 1630.480]  So I want you to look at the person next to you,
+[1630.480 --> 1632.840]  and I want you to say this, hey, after this is over,
+[1632.840 --> 1634.480]  can I talk to you about something?
+[1634.480 --> 1636.280]  Do a palm down gesture.
+[1636.280 --> 1638.880]  Then have the other person say, sure, I'll talk to you
+[1638.880 --> 1639.520]  whatever you want.
+[1639.520 --> 1642.080]  I want you to feel the difference between this.
+[1642.080 --> 1644.280]  Hey, listen, let me tell you how this is going to work.
+[1644.280 --> 1646.400]  Versus, hey, let me tell you how this is going to work.
+[1646.400 --> 1647.240]  I want you to feel it.
+[1647.240 --> 1649.520]  So do it to the person next year behind you.
+[1649.520 --> 1650.360]  Try it on.
+[1651.360 --> 1676.000]  All right, if you hear my voice, I'm yonko.
+[1676.000 --> 1677.920]  You feel the difference?
+[1677.920 --> 1680.920]  I was on a show called The Big Idea over on CNBC
+[1680.920 --> 1683.760]  a while back and the guy who was the host, his name,
+[1683.760 --> 1685.040]  Donny Deutsch.
+[1685.040 --> 1686.520]  And he told me three stories.
+[1686.520 --> 1687.280]  Two were true.
+[1687.280 --> 1688.560]  One was a lie.
+[1688.560 --> 1691.480]  And the one that was a lie, he said, the question was,
+[1691.480 --> 1694.160]  what's the nicest thing your father ever said to you?
+[1694.160 --> 1696.160]  And he said, my father told me.
+[1696.160 --> 1697.840]  The nicest thing my father ever said to me
+[1697.840 --> 1700.240]  is that I remind him of his father.
+[1700.240 --> 1703.600]  My father's father was a New York City cop.
+[1703.600 --> 1705.440]  I said, I bet you that's the lie,
+[1705.440 --> 1708.360]  but I bet you your father's father was a New York City cop.
+[1708.360 --> 1709.800]  He goes, that was the lie.
+[1709.800 --> 1711.800]  And my father's father, my grandfather was a cop.
+[1711.800 --> 1712.960]  How did you know that?
+[1712.960 --> 1715.120]  Because when he was talking to me in the beginning,
+[1715.120 --> 1717.240]  his hands were gesturing to himself.
+[1717.240 --> 1719.560]  But at the end, he gave me the truth.
+[1719.560 --> 1721.800]  So the number one gesture we see when people
+[1721.800 --> 1725.120]  are being authentic is the hand gesture comes out like this.
+[1725.120 --> 1727.160]  This vulnerability here of our wrist.
+[1727.160 --> 1729.160]  So if someone's like, hey, I've never taken money
+[1729.160 --> 1731.120]  or I've never used a corporate vehicle
+[1731.120 --> 1734.000]  that didn't belong to me to take my kids to a bowling
+[1734.000 --> 1737.320]  or whatever it is, watch pay attention to the hand gestures.
+[1737.320 --> 1738.800]  It doesn't mean they're lying here,
+[1738.800 --> 1740.080]  but it certainly means to me.
+[1740.080 --> 1740.960]  Maybe I'm wrong here.
+[1740.960 --> 1742.760]  It seems to me there's something you're not saying.
+[1742.760 --> 1743.560]  Maybe I'm wrong here.
+[1743.560 --> 1746.400]  It seems to me you're uncomfortable about this question.
+[1746.400 --> 1747.560]  And maybe you're wrong.
+[1747.560 --> 1748.760]  You don't say it with attitude.
+[1748.760 --> 1751.560]  You're not like, maybe I'm wrong here.
+[1751.560 --> 1754.360]  But it seems to me, no, less attitude.
+[1754.360 --> 1758.960]  Jersey, New York, Boston, Chicago, you know who you are.
+[1758.960 --> 1760.520]  Here's Andrew Newey in that chin grab.
+[1760.520 --> 1762.560]  If you were to watch Andrew Newey within minutes
+[1762.560 --> 1764.800]  of her getting to a stage, she chin grabs.
+[1764.800 --> 1767.160]  If you notice closely though, she's not only
+[1767.160 --> 1769.560]  in a chin grab, she's then going to put her tongue
+[1769.560 --> 1770.560]  inside her cheek.
+[1770.560 --> 1772.040]  And we talked about that earlier today.
+[1772.040 --> 1775.280]  See if you can spot it.
+[1775.280 --> 1776.040]  Oh, yeah, Andrew.
+[1776.040 --> 1777.280]  Thank you.
+[1777.280 --> 1777.880]  Thank you so much.
+[1777.880 --> 1779.200]  Andrew was with us.
+[1779.200 --> 1781.880]  But five years ago, when we first started doing this,
+[1781.880 --> 1784.720]  we were thrilled to have you back.
+[1784.720 --> 1787.280]  As we began every conversation this morning,
+[1787.280 --> 1789.800]  we have asked about the election.
+[1789.800 --> 1793.320]  I know that you were a supporter of Hillary Clinton.
+[1793.320 --> 1794.760]  All right, did you see it?
+[1794.760 --> 1796.080]  So first she does the chin grab.
+[1796.080 --> 1796.800]  And then she did this.
+[1796.800 --> 1800.040]  If you didn't see it, if she took her tongue here, why?
+[1800.040 --> 1801.840]  Because the next question, as soon as I saw that,
+[1801.840 --> 1804.120]  I go, oh, dicey questions coming.
+[1804.120 --> 1804.880]  I knew it.
+[1804.880 --> 1806.400]  And what it was was Donald Trump.
+[1806.400 --> 1808.040]  She was the Hillary Clinton person.
+[1808.040 --> 1811.720]  Donald Trump picked her to be on a board of executives
+[1811.720 --> 1813.360]  that would consult with him.
+[1813.360 --> 1815.400]  And she is not a Trump person.
+[1815.400 --> 1818.000]  And so as soon as I see that high stress sign,
+[1818.000 --> 1821.480]  I immediately can get two heads, steps ahead of human behavior,
+[1821.480 --> 1823.840]  and begin to predict, oh, something dicey's
+[1823.840 --> 1825.160]  about to happen here.
+[1825.240 --> 1826.040]  That's what we can do.
+[1826.040 --> 1827.320]  We can get ahead of it.
+[1827.320 --> 1829.000]  When we grab our chin, we're about to win.
+[1829.000 --> 1830.920]  So here's some of you from last night.
+[1830.920 --> 1831.880]  I threw Eddie in the mix.
+[1831.880 --> 1833.720]  He's a big chin grabber.
+[1833.720 --> 1835.280]  He'll tell you, I gave him some moves.
+[1835.280 --> 1837.920]  He said, I'm giving away all his power moves here today.
+[1837.920 --> 1839.120]  Giving away all his power moves.
+[1839.120 --> 1841.640]  Maybe you look familiar if you're in here.
+[1841.640 --> 1843.160]  Which one of these kids do you think
+[1843.160 --> 1845.160]  is selling marijuana edibles?
+[1845.160 --> 1850.120]  You know, who's the gummy dealer here?
+[1850.120 --> 1851.440]  We don't think any of them, right?
+[1851.440 --> 1852.280]  We look at them.
+[1852.280 --> 1853.600]  We're like, hey, I would trust these kids, baby,
+[1853.600 --> 1854.720]  sit in my kids.
+[1854.720 --> 1856.480]  Why, even little kids?
+[1856.480 --> 1858.440]  I put this in here as a reminder,
+[1858.440 --> 1861.640]  our children are not being taught emotional intelligence.
+[1861.640 --> 1863.200]  It's not taught in the school.
+[1863.200 --> 1864.160]  It's super important.
+[1864.160 --> 1865.880]  The number one skill companies like yours
+[1865.880 --> 1869.120]  are looking for of college grads or emotional intelligence.
+[1869.120 --> 1872.120]  And the interesting thing is, probably very few of your companies
+[1872.120 --> 1874.160]  have emotional intelligence programs.
+[1874.160 --> 1877.040]  Your job is to keep employees with you for four years.
+[1877.040 --> 1880.440]  They make more money leaving you on years one, two, and three.
+[1880.440 --> 1882.440]  If you can keep an employee to year four,
+[1882.440 --> 1884.320]  they lose money by leaving you.
+[1884.320 --> 1886.800]  So what is your four year plan to keep people with you?
+[1886.800 --> 1887.880]  What does that look like?
+[1887.880 --> 1888.960]  You may not have it.
+[1888.960 --> 1892.920]  Do you have a 30 day, 60 day, 90 day emotional intelligence
+[1892.920 --> 1894.680]  welcoming plan and training?
+[1894.680 --> 1896.360]  If not, let me know how I can help.
+[1896.360 --> 1898.160]  I can give you some of my stuff if you want it.
+[1898.160 --> 1899.480]  I'll help you in any way that I can.
+[1899.480 --> 1901.960]  I'm the best version of me when I'm serving people.
+[1901.960 --> 1902.880]  So reach out.
+[1902.880 --> 1903.720]  How can I serve?
+[1903.720 --> 1904.800]  How can I help you?
+[1904.800 --> 1906.440]  What's your emotional intelligence program?
+[1906.440 --> 1908.720]  Otherwise, they're going to irritate your best people.
+[1908.720 --> 1910.400]  You're bringing on someone that's smart,
+[1910.400 --> 1912.520]  but they don't have emotional intelligence.
+[1912.520 --> 1913.520]  I put this on Facebook.
+[1913.520 --> 1916.040]  This is my oldest son who's graduating from high school tomorrow.
+[1916.040 --> 1917.560]  I fly in late tonight.
+[1917.560 --> 1919.040]  My family all came into Boston.
+[1919.040 --> 1920.440]  I live in Alexandria.
+[1920.440 --> 1923.000]  And this is Angus, who's about to graduate tomorrow.
+[1923.000 --> 1924.840]  He's five foot 11 now.
+[1924.840 --> 1926.840]  And that baby he's holding is his middle brother,
+[1926.840 --> 1929.240]  Charlie, who he saw steepling earlier.
+[1929.240 --> 1931.840]  So Charlie's a little body language expert in the making.
+[1931.840 --> 1934.160]  I put this on Facebook and people wrote in,
+[1934.160 --> 1936.840]  hey, the baby is chin grabbing his older brother.
+[1936.840 --> 1939.240]  So it's a team of AR.
+[1939.240 --> 1941.680]  Teach your kids how to have emotional intelligence
+[1941.680 --> 1942.440]  and connect.
+[1942.440 --> 1945.200]  Share with them what you're learning through my program this morning
+[1945.200 --> 1947.240]  and hopefully that you're learning now.
+[1947.240 --> 1949.400]  Now let's look at, we've talked about you.
+[1949.400 --> 1950.520]  Let's look at others.
+[1950.520 --> 1952.600]  You guys interested in decoding other people?
+[1952.600 --> 1953.880]  Say yes, Cheneen.
+[1953.880 --> 1954.440]  Yeah?
+[1954.440 --> 1956.480]  All right, let's see as we decode others.
+[1956.480 --> 1958.480]  There's three nonverbal deal destroyers
+[1958.480 --> 1960.080]  I want to talk about today.
+[1960.080 --> 1961.040]  Let me reframe that.
+[1961.040 --> 1963.520]  There's three nonverbal deal destroyers
+[1963.520 --> 1966.120]  that would be great if you could walk out knowing them
+[1966.120 --> 1968.880]  because they will increase your ability to get more yeses
+[1968.880 --> 1971.600]  and stop wasting time with people who
+[1971.600 --> 1973.440]  are not being authentic with you.
+[1973.440 --> 1975.920]  We're going to talk about anger, baseline changing,
+[1975.920 --> 1977.400]  and contempt.
+[1977.400 --> 1979.200]  Anger's my favorite thing to talk about
+[1979.200 --> 1981.080]  because people are afraid of it.
+[1981.080 --> 1983.680]  Once you know what it is, you don't have to be afraid.
+[1983.680 --> 1986.000]  This is I'm going to define it for you very easily.
+[1986.000 --> 1988.240]  Here's anger.
+[1988.240 --> 1989.600]  So anger is this.
+[1989.600 --> 1993.680]  Someone has a goal and their goal is being blocked.
+[1993.680 --> 1995.280]  And that's what anger is.
+[1995.280 --> 1998.560]  Anger is someone has a goal and their goal is being blocked.
+[1998.560 --> 2000.840]  To dissipate anger, all we have to figure out
+[2000.840 --> 2002.040]  is what is your goal?
+[2002.040 --> 2004.920]  What is your block or your perceived block?
+[2004.920 --> 2006.400]  Because maybe it's not there.
+[2006.400 --> 2008.040]  It's a story you're telling.
+[2008.040 --> 2010.160]  And then I can help you overcome it.
+[2010.160 --> 2011.720]  Now many of us, what we say is,
+[2011.720 --> 2013.200]  hey, I'm doing everything we can.
+[2013.200 --> 2014.520]  Let me get back to you.
+[2014.520 --> 2017.000]  Here's the formula from Harvard Business School
+[2017.000 --> 2018.760]  which my clients have told me,
+[2018.760 --> 2021.200]  Janine, game, changer.
+[2021.200 --> 2022.440]  It's three steps.
+[2022.440 --> 2025.440]  Step one, here's what I know.
+[2025.440 --> 2027.440]  So I call you and I'm like, hey, you told me
+[2027.440 --> 2029.160]  you were going to get me this awesome price.
+[2029.160 --> 2031.160]  You have this special plan over there.
+[2031.160 --> 2033.640]  You're going to get this special price for my client,
+[2033.640 --> 2036.080]  for my buyer, my borrower, whatever.
+[2036.080 --> 2037.440]  And now what's happening?
+[2037.440 --> 2038.400]  That's a different price.
+[2038.400 --> 2039.520]  That's a different plan.
+[2039.520 --> 2041.400]  And they're angry with you, right?
+[2041.400 --> 2042.280]  Here's what I know.
+[2042.280 --> 2044.400]  Step one, here's what I know.
+[2044.400 --> 2047.600]  Step two, here's what I don't know.
+[2047.600 --> 2048.520]  Here's what I know.
+[2048.520 --> 2050.160]  I know that I quoted you that price.
+[2050.160 --> 2051.480]  I know that it was available.
+[2051.480 --> 2054.480]  This plan for at that time, three months ago,
+[2054.480 --> 2056.520]  when we were working with you, and then you guys
+[2056.520 --> 2058.360]  needed a break for a little bit, right?
+[2058.400 --> 2059.200]  Here's what I know.
+[2059.200 --> 2060.400]  Here's what I don't know.
+[2060.400 --> 2062.080]  I don't know if I can still get you that price.
+[2062.080 --> 2064.080]  I also don't know XYZ.
+[2064.080 --> 2065.960]  Here's step three.
+[2065.960 --> 2067.680]  Now, let me tell you what I'm going to do
+[2067.680 --> 2072.520]  to bridge the gap between what I know and what I don't know.
+[2072.520 --> 2074.200]  Let me share with you what I'm going to do
+[2074.200 --> 2077.240]  to bridge the gap between what I know and what I don't know.
+[2077.240 --> 2080.840]  I'm about to have a meeting with Eddie Perez over at EPM.
+[2080.840 --> 2082.800]  I'm talking to him today at two o'clock.
+[2082.800 --> 2083.720]  Here's what I'm going to do.
+[2083.720 --> 2085.040]  I'm going to call you back.
+[2085.040 --> 2087.400]  This is way better than, hey, I'm doing everything I can.
+[2087.560 --> 2088.560]  Let me get back to you.
+[2088.560 --> 2090.960]  We feel dismissed when you do that to us.
+[2090.960 --> 2092.360]  But when you say, here's what I know.
+[2092.360 --> 2093.280]  Here's what I don't know.
+[2093.280 --> 2095.760]  Here's what I'm doing to bridge the gap between those two.
+[2095.760 --> 2097.920]  People feel heard by it.
+[2097.920 --> 2100.080]  So I want you to practice with the person next to you.
+[2100.080 --> 2101.560]  I want one of you to say, hey, listen,
+[2101.560 --> 2102.760]  I'm doing everything I can.
+[2102.760 --> 2104.040]  Let me get back to you.
+[2104.040 --> 2106.880]  And I want the other person to practice the formula, right?
+[2106.880 --> 2108.400]  So you're going to look at the person and say, okay,
+[2108.400 --> 2109.320]  here's what I know.
+[2109.320 --> 2111.800]  Give a hypothetical situation you might actually
+[2111.800 --> 2113.640]  come into contact with.
+[2113.640 --> 2114.400]  Here's what I know.
+[2114.400 --> 2115.240]  Blank, blank, blank.
+[2115.240 --> 2116.440]  Here's what I don't know.
+[2116.440 --> 2118.680]  And here's what I'm going to do to bridge the gap between the two.
+[2118.680 --> 2122.160]  And I want both of you to feel the difference between one,
+[2122.160 --> 2123.760]  which is I'm connecting and I see you.
+[2123.760 --> 2124.880]  I'm in the here and now.
+[2124.880 --> 2126.320]  And I'm not dismissing you.
+[2126.320 --> 2127.680]  All right, so take it.
+[2127.680 --> 2129.640]  Say hi to the person next to you beside you.
+[2141.560 --> 2142.560]  Don't thank you.
+[2176.440 --> 2183.440]  I'm going to say hi to the person next to you.
+[2189.160 --> 2191.080]  Okay, if you hear my voice, help me out.
+[2191.080 --> 2193.200]  Go, shh.
+[2193.200 --> 2194.080]  Do you feel the difference?
+[2194.080 --> 2196.720]  Raise your hand if you see the difference between the two.
+[2196.720 --> 2197.880]  Yeah, you feel the difference?
+[2197.880 --> 2199.280]  All right, great.
+[2199.280 --> 2202.120]  So anger is this goal obstruction.
+[2202.120 --> 2204.240]  Here's the special tilling.
+[2204.240 --> 2210.360]  Anger is also a secondary emotion to fear, anxiety, and sadness.
+[2210.360 --> 2213.520]  Many times people will think I'm angry.
+[2213.520 --> 2215.280]  Janine, you're so angry.
+[2215.280 --> 2221.400]  Alpha females and men will often show their sadness as anger, this intensity.
+[2221.400 --> 2223.280]  But we're not actually angry.
+[2223.280 --> 2227.400]  We're actually devastated or sad or nervous or anxious.
+[2227.400 --> 2230.480]  And it comes, hey, you told me you were going to be here 10 minutes ago.
+[2230.480 --> 2231.600]  Why should you still out of control?
+[2231.600 --> 2234.080]  Why should you say, hey, don't yell at me.
+[2234.080 --> 2235.080]  Don't yell at me.
+[2235.080 --> 2238.600]  We raise our voice and we start to get angry at people we think are angry.
+[2238.600 --> 2240.280]  But what if they weren't angry?
+[2240.280 --> 2241.880]  What if they were anxious?
+[2241.880 --> 2244.040]  Now you've made them 10 times more anxious.
+[2244.040 --> 2245.680]  I like to say it like this.
+[2245.680 --> 2248.600]  Imagine the baby, you have a newborn baby and the baby is crying.
+[2248.600 --> 2250.280]  So you give the baby a bottle.
+[2250.280 --> 2251.280]  The baby cries more.
+[2251.280 --> 2252.280]  You give the baby another bottle.
+[2252.280 --> 2253.280]  Baby cries more.
+[2253.280 --> 2254.280]  You give the baby another bottle.
+[2254.280 --> 2256.400]  You made this situation 10 times worse.
+[2256.400 --> 2259.520]  The reason the baby was crying and had a soil diaper.
+[2259.520 --> 2265.400]  When someone appears angry, stop letting your ego take it so personally and stop and
+[2265.400 --> 2267.520]  say, why would they be angry about this?
+[2267.520 --> 2270.360]  Is it possible they could be sad or anxious?
+[2270.360 --> 2271.880]  The answer might be yes.
+[2271.880 --> 2276.200]  I like to say with anger, if you can't giggle it off, wiggle it off.
+[2276.200 --> 2281.400]  New born babies, when they first start to grow and they roll over, you know when you go
+[2281.400 --> 2284.840]  into a crib and the baby is laying one way and you come in and the baby somehow rolled
+[2284.840 --> 2287.120]  over, you're like, we missed the roll, right?
+[2287.120 --> 2289.680]  They move from their forehead to their fanny.
+[2289.680 --> 2292.880]  So I say, if you can't giggle it off, wiggle it off.
+[2292.880 --> 2296.880]  This is the stage when babies roll over with their forehead and their fanny where they
+[2296.880 --> 2299.120]  look at their fingers and toes.
+[2299.120 --> 2300.960]  This is self-awareness.
+[2300.960 --> 2305.120]  So if we can wiggle, everyone just sitting in your seat from your forehead to your fanny,
+[2305.120 --> 2308.400]  if you just wiggle, you will bring it yourself back to self.
+[2308.400 --> 2312.080]  It's equivalent to four and a half hours of yoga.
+[2312.080 --> 2316.440]  And that is a made up statistic to see who's paying attention.
+[2316.440 --> 2321.080]  To see who's still awake in the final seven minutes that I have.
+[2321.080 --> 2322.080]  Amazing.
+[2322.080 --> 2325.880]  I'm losing weight just by wiggling.
+[2325.880 --> 2333.160]  Anger is a secondary emotion to fear anxiety and sadness and fear anxiety and sadness.
+[2333.160 --> 2334.480]  This happens a lot.
+[2334.480 --> 2336.040]  This happens a lot.
+[2336.040 --> 2337.440]  This is what anger looks like.
+[2337.440 --> 2340.440]  When we don't like what we see or hear, our lips disappear.
+[2340.440 --> 2344.160]  So when we don't like what we see or hear, our lips disappear.
+[2344.160 --> 2347.280]  So you can see these lips disappearing here.
+[2347.280 --> 2349.000]  I know that this is earlier.
+[2349.000 --> 2350.840]  I said a lip roll is emotional control.
+[2350.840 --> 2352.480]  It's the same thing.
+[2352.480 --> 2354.160]  Here we talked about Brad earlier.
+[2354.160 --> 2356.680]  We saw the lips disappearing here.
+[2356.680 --> 2359.600]  She was interested in it, but didn't buy it because she didn't have the money to buy
+[2359.600 --> 2361.520]  the system if you were here.
+[2361.520 --> 2365.920]  How about these lips disappearing?
+[2365.920 --> 2367.760]  So here's Chris Watts.
+[2367.760 --> 2370.200]  Long eye block lips disappear.
+[2370.200 --> 2372.440]  So that lip roll equals emotional control.
+[2372.440 --> 2378.080]  Whether you were the former queen, past deceased queen of England or a political dictator,
+[2378.080 --> 2384.080]  Eldress Elba or a CEO in a Latin American country, it shows up the same way.
+[2384.080 --> 2389.680]  The number one root cause for poor sales performance is one's ability to think clearly and react
+[2389.680 --> 2391.160]  effectively.
+[2391.160 --> 2393.400]  Number one, this is from the Gallup poll.
+[2393.400 --> 2396.320]  Number one, root cause for poor sales performance.
+[2396.320 --> 2399.160]  So if you have someone on your team that has poor sales performance, I would stop and
+[2399.160 --> 2402.120]  say, what's their emotional intelligence like?
+[2402.120 --> 2404.920]  How they able to think clearly, react effectively.
+[2404.920 --> 2409.080]  Those four questions we started the workshop with might be incredibly helpful to those people
+[2409.080 --> 2412.320]  so they can begin to turn the tide on their sales performance.
+[2412.320 --> 2415.640]  It's another words, it's an inability to manage your emotions.
+[2415.640 --> 2417.440]  Can you manage your emotions?
+[2417.440 --> 2422.800]  For me, I'm a recovering angeraholic and I have a system and I'm going to give it to
+[2422.800 --> 2423.800]  you.
+[2423.800 --> 2428.000]  Since I created the system, I have never lost my cool.
+[2428.000 --> 2434.360]  What?
+[2434.360 --> 2435.960]  My system is this.
+[2435.960 --> 2439.320]  There's a great quote out there called, name it to tame it by Dr. Dan Siegel.
+[2439.320 --> 2443.560]  If you've never heard of them, find out everything you can find about Dr. Dan Siegel.
+[2443.560 --> 2444.560]  Name it to tame it.
+[2444.560 --> 2447.200]  When you can name something, you can control something.
+[2447.200 --> 2449.400]  So when I'm angry, I'm not strong.
+[2449.400 --> 2450.400]  I'm angry.
+[2450.400 --> 2451.400]  I immediately get angry.
+[2451.400 --> 2452.400]  I number my anger.
+[2452.400 --> 2456.280]  So seven below, let it go, 8, 9, 10 be angry then.
+[2456.280 --> 2457.520]  So I number my anger.
+[2457.520 --> 2458.880]  How angry am I right now?
+[2458.880 --> 2460.440]  That's a six.
+[2460.440 --> 2461.440]  That's a six.
+[2461.440 --> 2462.440]  Great.
+[2462.440 --> 2464.160]  Seven below, let it go, 8, 9, 10 be angry then.
+[2464.160 --> 2467.320]  I have not had an eight since I created the system.
+[2467.320 --> 2470.920]  If you're a Tony Robbins person, he would tell you that's a pattern interrupt.
+[2470.920 --> 2474.480]  So if you just can stop and name it, then you can make smarter decisions.
+[2474.480 --> 2475.480]  You can tame it.
+[2475.480 --> 2479.600]  So seven below, let it go, 8, 9, 10 be angry then.
+[2479.600 --> 2481.080]  I've never had an 8, 9, 10.
+[2481.080 --> 2483.440]  As a matter of fact, I have an elevator pair.
+[2483.440 --> 2488.400]  I love cultural diversity and inclusion and it makes my kids world so much bigger.
+[2488.400 --> 2492.640]  At a elevator in an opair from Argentina and she crashed the opair car.
+[2492.640 --> 2493.960]  It was two weeks old.
+[2493.960 --> 2495.680]  And she lied to me about it.
+[2495.680 --> 2496.680]  And I know she lied.
+[2496.680 --> 2499.480]  I just wish it was videotape to show you today.
+[2499.480 --> 2501.400]  That's the only thing I cared about.
+[2501.400 --> 2503.440]  And here's what happened.
+[2503.440 --> 2508.320]  When she lied to me about it, I was able to ask a powerful question.
+[2508.320 --> 2509.320]  Right?
+[2509.320 --> 2510.320]  So I'm able to ask a powerful maybe.
+[2510.320 --> 2511.320]  I'm wrong here.
+[2511.320 --> 2512.320]  It seems to me.
+[2512.320 --> 2515.720]  I'm angry, not about the accident, but that she's not owning it.
+[2515.720 --> 2516.720]  Mistakes are inevitable.
+[2516.720 --> 2518.960]  It's how we own it that makes a client for life.
+[2518.960 --> 2519.960]  Right?
+[2519.960 --> 2521.800]  It's how do you own your weaknesses, man?
+[2521.800 --> 2525.680]  And so that irritated me so much that I was mad at.
+[2525.680 --> 2527.880]  And I'm telling my friend, I eat at the next day.
+[2527.880 --> 2530.560]  We have a two hour ride down to Virginia Beach.
+[2530.560 --> 2535.640]  And I'm telling her about, can you believe Candela had the audacity to, and I eat a look
+[2535.640 --> 2537.120]  to me and goes, what's your number?
+[2537.120 --> 2538.640]  I go, what?
+[2538.640 --> 2540.440]  She's what's your number?
+[2540.440 --> 2544.240]  And I'm like, you bitch.
+[2544.240 --> 2545.880]  You're using my weapons.
+[2545.880 --> 2547.680]  Like, yes, me.
+[2547.680 --> 2548.680]  And I was like, a four.
+[2548.680 --> 2549.680]  She goes, great.
+[2549.680 --> 2551.680]  What else would you like to talk about?
+[2551.680 --> 2552.680]  She got me.
+[2552.680 --> 2553.680]  She got me.
+[2553.680 --> 2558.000]  So these three nonverbal deal destroyers, up next is a baseline change.
+[2558.000 --> 2559.000]  We talked about this earlier.
+[2559.000 --> 2561.640]  You're looking for a change in someone's behavior.
+[2561.640 --> 2564.480]  All of a sudden they have these high level pacifiers.
+[2564.480 --> 2566.040]  Simply ask a powerful question.
+[2566.040 --> 2567.040]  Maybe I'm wrong here.
+[2567.040 --> 2568.040]  It seems to me.
+[2568.040 --> 2569.040]  Looks to me.
+[2569.040 --> 2570.040]  Sounds to me.
+[2570.040 --> 2571.320]  I'm a dog in this video.
+[2571.320 --> 2580.600]  Tell me what emotion you see.
+[2580.600 --> 2582.680]  You see fear.
+[2582.680 --> 2583.880]  You see fear.
+[2583.880 --> 2584.880]  Here's O.J. Simpson.
+[2584.880 --> 2587.960]  Since he recently passed away, I thought I'd throw him in the deck.
+[2587.960 --> 2590.000]  He might be fun to talk about again.
+[2590.000 --> 2591.320]  So look at O.J.
+[2591.320 --> 2593.160]  He's asked, did you own Bruno Magli shoes?
+[2593.160 --> 2595.920]  He said, I would never own those ugly ass shoes.
+[2595.920 --> 2599.000]  First of all, I would never is not a no.
+[2599.000 --> 2601.880]  If you're taking notes, the strongest denial is no.
+[2601.880 --> 2602.880]  Are you cheating on me?
+[2602.880 --> 2605.040]  What kind of person would you think I am?
+[2605.040 --> 2606.800]  I'd have to be stupid to cheat on you.
+[2606.800 --> 2608.560]  Are you asking me if I'm a cheater?
+[2608.560 --> 2610.560]  Weeked denial, weeked denial, weeked denial.
+[2610.560 --> 2611.560]  Are you cheating on me?
+[2611.560 --> 2612.560]  No.
+[2612.560 --> 2613.560]  No is the strongest.
+[2613.560 --> 2615.720]  Are you doing marijuana edibles?
+[2615.720 --> 2618.440]  You say to your 12 year old daughter, right?
+[2618.440 --> 2619.440]  No.
+[2619.440 --> 2620.440]  Right?
+[2620.440 --> 2622.280]  No is the strongest denial.
+[2622.280 --> 2623.280]  No.
+[2623.280 --> 2624.280]  Watch O.J. Simpson.
+[2624.280 --> 2626.280]  He's going to say, I would never own those ugly ass shoes.
+[2626.280 --> 2627.360]  He's using my language.
+[2627.360 --> 2630.960]  And then we're going to see fear in his eyes in the second video.
+[2630.960 --> 2634.400]  Because the second video, he's shown a picture of him walking on a football field in
+[2634.400 --> 2635.400]  those shoes.
+[2635.400 --> 2636.400]  Watch the eyes.
+[2636.400 --> 2641.720]  If Bruno Magli makes shoes, they look like the shoes they had in court that's involved
+[2641.720 --> 2645.200]  in this case, I would never own those ugly ass shoes.
+[2645.200 --> 2647.200]  Those lips disappearing.
+[2647.200 --> 2648.200]  Thank you.
+[2648.200 --> 2649.200]  Looking at exhibit one, correct?
+[2649.200 --> 2650.200]  It appears to me, yes.
+[2650.200 --> 2651.200]  Okay.
+[2651.200 --> 2653.640]  And the jacket you're wearing, could you describe it?
+[2653.640 --> 2654.640]  No.
+[2654.640 --> 2656.640]  Do you remember owning that jacket?
+[2657.360 --> 2658.360]  Did you see it?
+[2658.360 --> 2660.160]  All right.
+[2660.160 --> 2661.160]  This is fear.
+[2661.160 --> 2662.160]  This is fear, right?
+[2662.160 --> 2665.200]  So when white eyes appear, fear is here.
+[2665.200 --> 2667.880]  So when white eyes appear, fear is here.
+[2667.880 --> 2670.320]  It can also be shock, shock or fear.
+[2670.320 --> 2671.840]  So someone is shocked about something.
+[2671.840 --> 2672.840]  You give them the price.
+[2672.840 --> 2676.400]  Are you, you say what the salary is going to be if you bring them on and all of a sudden
+[2676.400 --> 2679.560]  their eyes go wide, they're telling you that I'm shocked about something.
+[2679.560 --> 2680.560]  Could be good.
+[2680.560 --> 2681.560]  It could be bad.
+[2681.560 --> 2682.560]  Ask that question.
+[2682.560 --> 2683.560]  Ask that question.
+[2683.560 --> 2685.600]  Right here is we look at the eyes.
+[2685.600 --> 2687.640]  As we wind down here, eye blocking.
+[2687.640 --> 2691.560]  Eye blocking is like the screen, screen saver on your iPhone.
+[2691.560 --> 2695.680]  And eye blocking is I don't want you to see the private information that I'm thinking
+[2695.680 --> 2697.160]  right now.
+[2697.160 --> 2700.960]  So when someone all of a sudden breaks eye contact, they start fidgeting, they're playing
+[2700.960 --> 2704.360]  with papers, they're adjusting their baseball hat.
+[2704.360 --> 2706.920]  All of a sudden the eye contact has shifted.
+[2706.920 --> 2708.000]  That's eye blocking.
+[2708.000 --> 2712.080]  They have just put the screen saver on to their face because there's something they don't
+[2712.080 --> 2713.720]  want you to know about.
+[2713.720 --> 2715.240]  I would say that's interesting.
+[2715.240 --> 2717.240]  What is it that you're not telling me right now?
+[2717.240 --> 2719.320]  It's like, that's interesting.
+[2719.320 --> 2720.600]  That's interesting.
+[2720.600 --> 2723.320]  So it creates this basic layer of security.
+[2723.320 --> 2725.560]  These are different murderers.
+[2725.560 --> 2728.440]  Chris Watts closes eyes for 1.5 seconds.
+[2728.440 --> 2730.240]  Then we have Scott Peterson two seconds.
+[2730.240 --> 2732.040]  It might not seem like a lot, but it is.
+[2732.040 --> 2736.280]  Nine seconds for Ted Bundy and then Susan Smith, who drown her two kids in the early 90s
+[2736.280 --> 2737.280]  in a car.
+[2737.280 --> 2740.680]  34 seconds while talking on air with her eyes closed.
+[2740.680 --> 2743.760]  Look at the person next to you and I just want you to tell them your biggest takeaway
+[2743.760 --> 2746.560]  from this workshop with your eyes closed.
+[2746.560 --> 2747.720]  Decide who goes first.
+[2747.720 --> 2750.200]  You each get 15 seconds with your eyes closed.
+[2750.200 --> 2751.200]  Say I'll go first.
+[2751.200 --> 2753.080]  Whoever's speaking closes your eyes.
+[2753.080 --> 2755.720]  My biggest takeaway from this workshop is blank.
+[2755.720 --> 2758.160]  The other person opens their eyes and you switch.
+[2758.160 --> 2761.720]  So feel what it feels like for 15 seconds to talk with your eyes closed.
+[2761.720 --> 2762.720]  Go.
+[2773.760 --> 2774.760]  Okay.
+[2774.760 --> 2793.040]  Last but not least, this is contempt.
+[2793.040 --> 2794.680]  Contempt is a smirk on our face.
+[2794.680 --> 2796.120]  Here's what it looks like.
+[2796.120 --> 2798.680]  It's literally a smirk on one side of our face.
+[2798.680 --> 2799.680]  Pull it up like this.
+[2799.680 --> 2800.680]  Everybody go.
+[2800.680 --> 2802.280]  Yeah, oh, you're good at it.
+[2802.280 --> 2803.280]  You got it at it.
+[2803.280 --> 2804.280]  Right?
+[2804.280 --> 2805.720]  Contempt is moral superiority.
+[2805.720 --> 2807.600]  We can see it on different people.
+[2807.600 --> 2809.280]  This is what contempt looks like.
+[2809.280 --> 2811.080]  This little smirk, Jessie Smellett.
+[2811.080 --> 2813.040]  We didn't have enough hate in the world.
+[2813.040 --> 2820.040]  These are the three nonverbal deal destroyers, easy as ABCs, anger, baseline change and contempt.
+[2820.040 --> 2825.160]  As I say my goodbye and we put it all together, we looked at a confidence and authority for
+[2825.160 --> 2828.360]  you being trustworthy using that open palm gesture.
+[2828.360 --> 2830.080]  When we grab our chin, we're about to win.
+[2830.080 --> 2831.080]  Steepling.
+[2831.080 --> 2833.260]  When we steeple people, we intimidate people.
+[2833.260 --> 2838.900]  We just went over the ABCs, anger, baseline changing and contempt.
+[2838.900 --> 2843.100]  If you want to watch any information for me or need information, I do a free newsletter.
+[2843.100 --> 2846.180]  It's free over on Substack called in the driver's seat.
+[2846.180 --> 2847.460]  Just go over to Substack.
+[2847.460 --> 2848.460]  It's free.
+[2848.460 --> 2851.980]  I write personal and professional articles there to help people.
+[2851.980 --> 2856.540]  As I say my goodbye, when Jessie Itzler first wrote to me, he said, Jeanine, I got a speaking
+[2856.540 --> 2859.060]  consulting opportunity for you.
+[2859.060 --> 2860.860]  I hit delete.
+[2860.860 --> 2864.260]  Jessie for me says you speak for free and self-stop in the back of the room.
+[2864.260 --> 2865.580]  I wasn't interested.
+[2865.580 --> 2869.940]  I didn't even take the time to research what it said at the bottom that he's part owner
+[2869.940 --> 2871.860]  of that Lana Hawks.
+[2871.860 --> 2876.940]  So Jessie Itzler, I eventually talked to him after three times he reached out to me.
+[2876.940 --> 2878.660]  He finally got a hold of me.
+[2878.660 --> 2880.140]  And today I work with Jessie.
+[2880.140 --> 2884.380]  I coach him on body language and statement analysis, words within a meaning.
+[2884.380 --> 2887.660]  When he told me, this is when he had like a full beard, he looked like a homeless person
+[2887.660 --> 2889.500]  under a bush during COVID.
+[2889.500 --> 2893.260]  And he said his wife is Sarah Blakely and I said, well, he said my wife invented spanks.
+[2893.260 --> 2895.220]  I go, who's your wife?
+[2895.220 --> 2896.220]  And he goes, Sarah Blakely.
+[2896.220 --> 2897.860]  I go, who told you?
+[2897.860 --> 2900.580]  Like I thought literally someone told him her name is Sarah Blake.
+[2900.580 --> 2902.980]  I'm there's no way Sarah Blakely is married to him.
+[2902.980 --> 2903.980]  What an amazing couple.
+[2903.980 --> 2906.140]  You're going to get to see them tomorrow.
+[2906.140 --> 2910.380]  And I want to say this, when I first talked to Jessie, he said, give me two weeks and
+[2910.380 --> 2912.020]  I'm going to call you back.
+[2912.020 --> 2914.620]  In two weeks, he did not call.
+[2914.620 --> 2918.900]  Six months went by and I was ready to write a nasty email to Jessie.
+[2918.900 --> 2920.860]  Clearly, you don't want to work together.
+[2920.860 --> 2924.580]  And I stopped and I asked myself, do you want to be effective, Janine, or do you want
+[2924.580 --> 2925.580]  to be right?
+[2925.580 --> 2926.980]  Here's what I did on Instagram.
+[2926.980 --> 2928.820]  And this is my final slide, Jenna.
+[2928.820 --> 2932.340]  On Instagram, Jessie Itzler and Sarah Blakely go camping.
+[2932.340 --> 2934.380]  They went camping and put it all over Instagram.
+[2934.380 --> 2936.020]  They put their children on Instagram.
+[2936.020 --> 2938.220]  They're super authentic and real and trusting.
+[2938.220 --> 2939.220]  They're my people.
+[2939.220 --> 2941.020]  I believe I live in a friendly universe.
+[2941.020 --> 2945.260]  So I went and this is the last tip, which is how to get people to call you back.
+[2945.260 --> 2948.060]  This will work 95% of the time.
+[2948.060 --> 2950.060]  Watch it and see if it worked with Jessie Itzler.
+[2950.060 --> 2953.780]  I said from the campground, three people who won't call me back.
+[2953.780 --> 2954.780]  Listen to what I said.
+[2954.780 --> 2956.180]  You put this in an email.
+[2956.180 --> 2958.460]  Subject line, three people who won't call me back.
+[2958.460 --> 2963.620]  One, blah, blah, blah, Dalai Lama, two, Hillary Clinton or whoever you like, Donald Trump.
+[2963.620 --> 2964.620]  Three, you.
+[2964.620 --> 2965.620]  I don't care about one and two.
+[2965.620 --> 2966.620]  I care about three.
+[2966.620 --> 2969.740]  But when we're talking, if you happen to know by one and two, aren't calling me back,
+[2969.740 --> 2971.340]  we can chat about that too.
+[2971.340 --> 2973.300]  It will work to get people to call you back.
+[2973.300 --> 2974.300]  Here's what I did.
+[2974.300 --> 2976.460]  We're not getting back to make.
+[2976.460 --> 2977.460]  Come on.
+[2977.460 --> 2979.620]  Number one, Dalai Lama.
+[2979.620 --> 2981.620]  Number two, Dr. Fauci.
+[2981.620 --> 2984.020]  And number three, you, Jessie Itzler.
+[2984.020 --> 2985.620]  And I don't care about number one and number two.
+[2985.620 --> 2987.020]  I care about you, Jessie.
+[2987.020 --> 2989.340]  Listen, whether you get back to me or not, she needs...
+[2989.340 --> 2990.780]  All right, so I do this.
+[2990.780 --> 2991.780]  Look what happens.
+[2991.780 --> 2992.780]  I don't know if you can see.
+[2992.780 --> 2993.780]  The pink circle.
+[2993.780 --> 2997.580]  Jessie Itzler writes, literally 53 minutes later, ha ha ha.
+[2997.580 --> 2999.780]  100,000% old New York Hall.
+[2999.780 --> 3002.060]  Want to get everything we discussed on board.
+[3002.060 --> 3004.820]  I've coached for his company three times, spoke to them.
+[3004.820 --> 3006.500]  I personally coach Jessie.
+[3006.500 --> 3009.340]  Are you giving up or do you need to do a reset?
+[3009.340 --> 3012.580]  Being a strong team sometimes involves doing a reset.
+[3012.580 --> 3014.340]  Not only that, Jessie.
+[3014.340 --> 3018.780]  Then sends me a private email and says, you are hilarious.
+[3018.780 --> 3019.780]  Yes.
+[3019.780 --> 3020.780]  I owe you a call.
+[3020.780 --> 3022.780]  I want to work with you personally and professionally.
+[3022.780 --> 3023.780]  Three people.
+[3023.780 --> 3024.780]  So that keeps...
+[3024.780 --> 3025.780]  All right, here.
+[3025.780 --> 3026.780]  If you can't giggle it off, everybody.
+[3026.780 --> 3028.580]  And remember to wiggle it off.
+[3028.580 --> 3030.060]  This is my mom.
+[3030.060 --> 3033.300]  This is after she was given three months to live and she turned those three months into
+[3033.300 --> 3034.300]  three more years.
+[3034.300 --> 3037.940]  We were at the Miami Airport and you can hear my father saying in the background, we
+[3037.940 --> 3044.180]  got to return the car and my mother threw out her cancer and throughout her pain, giggled
+[3044.180 --> 3046.180]  and danced everywhere she went.
+[3046.180 --> 3049.500]  And that's general embossed and couldn't explain how she lived so long.
+[3049.500 --> 3050.700]  But I can explain it.
+[3050.700 --> 3052.380]  If you can't giggle it off, wiggle it off.
+[3052.380 --> 3053.380]  My name is Janine Driver.
+[3053.380 --> 3054.380]  Thanks for being here.
+[3054.380 --> 3055.380]  I miss you, mom.
+[3055.380 --> 3056.380]  I miss you.
+[3056.380 --> 3057.380]  Thank you.
+[3057.380 --> 3058.380]  Oh my God.
+[3058.380 --> 3059.380]  Thank you so much.
+[3059.380 --> 3059.900]  Thank you.
+[3060.900 --> 3061.900]  Thank you.
+[3061.900 --> 3062.900]  Have fun, everybody.
+[3062.900 --> 3063.900]  Thank you so much.
+[3063.900 --> 3065.900]  I want to give it a go.
+[3065.900 --> 3066.900]  Hey, really quick.
+[3066.900 --> 3067.900]  Really quick.
+[3067.900 --> 3072.220]  I'm going to give you my phone number because I'm in it's not an Uber number.
+[3072.220 --> 3073.900]  I'm not a Google number.
+[3073.900 --> 3075.900]  202 is my personal cell.
+[3075.900 --> 3076.900]  202.
+[3076.900 --> 3077.900]  271.
+[3077.900 --> 3078.900]  0922.
+[3078.900 --> 3083.860]  My biggest compliment is you come in for business and walk out better human beings, better
+[3083.860 --> 3086.020]  parents, better daughters, better friends.
+[3086.020 --> 3091.020]  If I can help you personally, professionally, free of charge as your new friend, 202.
+[3091.020 --> 3092.020]  271.
+[3092.020 --> 3093.020]  0922.
+[3093.020 --> 3094.020]  I'm here to serve.
+[3094.020 --> 3095.020]  Bye, everybody.
+[3095.020 --> 3096.020]  Enjoy your day.
+[3096.020 --> 3097.020]  Thank you so much.

transcript/workshop_0oxoZQq5_vs.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[0.000 --> 21.120]  Indian Classical Dance has specific codified gestures as given in the ancient text of Nathya
+[21.120 --> 22.620]  Shastra.
+[22.620 --> 29.800]  My interest was to explore its use in a different cultural backdrop, decodifying the gestures
+[29.800 --> 34.600]  and use them in storytelling across the globe in the 21st century.
+[149.800 --> 156.800]  The best way to explore is to explore its own style of music, music, music, music, music,
+[156.800 --> 165.800]  music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music,
+[165.800 --> 174.800]  music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music,
+[174.800 --> 175.800]  music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music,
+[175.800 --> 176.800]  music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music,
+[176.800 --> 177.800]  music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music,
+[177.800 --> 178.800]  music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music,
+[178.800 --> 185.800]  music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music,
+[185.800 --> 196.800]  music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music,beat, music, music, music, music,
+[197.800 --> 205.800]  music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music, music.
+[208.800 --> 210.800]  Thank you.

transcript/workshop_1RRc4tq2kpE.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+[0.000 --> 13.000]  Wngddg i defnyruingad funadu'i'i Schu swindschu ffordd i u gelws ar Eff Rhaiflael han ond roedd o hyffren am confell fair.
+[13.000 --> 20.000]  Bdalenaethen hije cop'n y ff龍or Rolf rollau odigelydd frenau'r gyd yr a'r anydlef uppu cad Amr yn y chryn hyff o'r cyfryddol cynnu eng oerpen,
+[20.000 --> 25.000]  ham'n meddבעr fer fel wneud a gif roedd tim hyff wedi o'r un brolyfynil,
+[25.000 --> 29.000]  amddwyswch i het Strategic önnafnyr eich godaeth skff will ar gy��'n lydd rampar
+[29.000 --> 30.900]  Bawt Dreams tawnruple Constanem示 l 떡l Zoe
+[30.900 --> 31.680]  Ma beblwrsDe!
+[32.180 --> 35.740]  Ce yw'rym ni藉dd Bar fragrooo
+[35.740 --> 38.540]  Rhym澳所 cael wnaethiau robe顆
+[38.740 --> 40.880]  To Damn Lou Llywodai
+[40.880 --> 41.000]  Wnaethau rogddiaeth
+[41.040 --> 42.880]  Ke slot portraint
+[42.880 --> 44.840]  Pobarkrw FO
+[44.840 --> 47.620]  Mae'r oes yn ddawy
+[47.620 --> 49.740]  Foindafol sabd y handw ecology
+[49.740 --> 51.980]  Fel rhysigion iall sef Dios reiser
+[52.020 --> 54.640]  Y évidemment er downtoli
+[54.640 --> 62.240]  Cael fyddal da yn middiu putt53коo mae y ridgeŬ sy'n gofydd ar gan ryd.
+[62.240 --> 65.620]  Fydddyntyr a fydalu wedi ein bred fall pan yn fydilefell mwyn gynyddol
+[65.620 --> 70.660]  ybreddem mewn g nursing遷dol weretig at iawn arall.
+[70.660 --> 70.820]  Bad, dda'n gweld nawrd, beth datcie?
+[70.820 --> 76.640]  Ddefno'n wein arall ardd, cwyst symru rydwch yn steg pocrokio a'r gydwch gwrs iddol melhor
+[76.660 --> 78.640]  darwch.
+[78.660 --> 83.120]  Na bydna ondarau pech yn newig fydd i fyffion hunn i'r gwy wedi mael yr hyn.
+[83.120 --> 85.120]  Mae'n gweithio yng Nghymru.
+[95.120 --> 97.120]  Mae'n gweithio yng Nghymru yn gweithio.
+[98.120 --> 101.120]  Mae'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio yn gweithio.
+[101.120 --> 109.120]  Mae'n gweithio yn unig i'n lுdeff 단af Batur yn unig i fy他ed?
+[110.120 --> 113.120]  Mae Chioddol Bowis' car laslerhawn bod y Winfadeau mum yn gweld ni eu mae essence,
+[114.120 --> 115.520]  yn sef i am hyn ang loose ei syddau modewd eu cyfrifленg
+[116.120 --> 117.120]  a yng Nghymu Panau 快waud o'r eraser.
+[118.120 --> 121.120]  Lywydgan hyn jaiedd wedi gwneud pew syddur a ni'n rhan'u ac sicwn gobynu
+[122.120 --> 125.120]  llydyd yn ddeall gw nurws diellan a sydyddief cyfnod wedid am bwysio
+[125.120 --> 129.120]  Bun h głóftersfyn givenёзatwn wyt w connections o'd ym mlyr,
+[129.120 --> 132.120]  ddiolglawn, am awllai gall ter quadrantau ond yn beth dd bedroomictu
+[132.120 --> 134.120]  byddwn awak i'r entercew.
+[136.120 --> 139.120]  Mae'n bryd cael fel gw dependsydd heavyadar ond yn Batfo ynузwân
+[139.120 --> 141.120]  Cent ffq fel gw proofdแ Clansfynëdd
+[142.120 --> 143.120]  Miafyddol diethu'r llwnisher
+[145.120 --> 146.120]  â rhymீd водol
+[146.120 --> 147.280]  ond如 newg
+[149.120 --> 150.240]  Cent ffq fel Street
+[152.140 --> 154.140]  Mae fel strewer yn llwrhwn yn swyd?
+[155.120 --> 159.120]  Lytari,
+[162.160 --> 165.820] roddai sy radd y Chopot
+[165.820 --> 169.280]  a yn ych� gymweddar o fod a chwaidd y cedraig.
+[169.280 --> 172.400]  Act hacked like from no cognwyeahg Ewi'n balrin.
+[173.780 --> 181.720]  Hwa verifyeth ddioddol o bym yn hyn eisiau
+[181.720 --> 184.580]  eisiau describes y tydysg ffordd seal fe感謝w.
+[185.120 --> 190.600]  Dun di nhw'n dewedd mTwain a ni rhoi ar ddaghodd fel fod fan Canadaae.
+[190.600 --> 197.760]  Mae'r ysiwn chwbestraedd gano oedau syddioaf Now minor Patheawn yn y Jeremy cwa'n gyda ni hon.''r
+[197.760 --> 202.520]  dyna i amdau Lly Twitter hyn yn iawn y wildlife agiaeth dros recognio.
+[202.840 --> 205.640]  Amorsb shotsh approaches na ibar.
+[205.640 --> 208.480]  Dyn-nod Ilych chi'n cre 돌 transmissionon,
+[208.480 --> 212.480] utet o fys paar yn specialistau a fleith.
+[212.480 --> 213.880]  En daredorch yn gallwio,
+[213.880 --> 217.080]  o fydd yn awin behus ag ar ôl i ennw musician i gwneud
+[217.080 --> 220.520]  o gyfoddur sychad Charm Act czasie…
+[220.520 --> 222.500]  Kil un сenu fi perfection o roedd ddwl am www.
+[224.000 --> 228.840]  Elblwyrth y laeddiaeth siSI siddwch heirstwyma rydau
+[228.840 --> 232.900]  reifiool a thrt eisiau ar gyda argirnym
+[232.900 --> 237.480]  B a'r echel iawn felly nasaf AEG
+[237.480 --> 240.680] gen ni law Countdown Gad��royd ar signific grans fawn,
+[240.720 --> 242.480]  artificial a newён.
+[242.520 --> 245.320]  Gerdwad o hide Dain Cynru儿 wedi thenno,
+[245.360 --> 249.300]  a'r mewn gen wedi'i bu einfon ondion o'rFilty pes
+[249.320 --> 253.520]  è ac oedd vara'n na'r hyn yn fwan nhw'n prond roedd.
+[253.520 --> 255.360]  Benewna felингu.
+[255.380 --> 258.300]  Jewn un ag'n i gone mastered i dos sheafio…
+[258.340 --> 261.640]  Gyna chi'n cadu gen yn eth llweld o corefle o'r Fel siempreŭa Wedinglt.
+[261.680 --> 264.120]  Pellinaill yw fuepart centre fynd yn hyn yn onboard.
+[264.180 --> 264.760]  Benefneth o, ador roedd rydwdragoedd fed
+[264.800 --> 267.160]  ei bod o fapple,
+[267.160 --> 272.540]  fŵr yn ddewwychfferod Mae gw Xiaomi ac ydy gallu ac sy'n hobbyiad o captorsczy,
+[272.560 --> 291.720]  ac credu mae ac gwahanol ar gwawdy
+[291.720 --> 294.420]  yn unweithiodon sy'n y Wow нашей Llefyddockio.
+[294.420 --> 298.420]  ap fancyywch i gweld o hon ffr hochsynu felol yn côis 팬.
+[298.420 --> 303.420]  Mae hyn yn cyrde gef裗igol Trai dde பwieaf o neu'r Thy?..
+[306.420 --> 307.420]  Peych oedd synlychu dros fel o opucht i ddin nhw ydych chi chi.
+[307.420 --> 308.340]  Mae hynnyddol onn yn cyf anderer hynnych fel o gywedis cam crashing
+[308.340 --> 310.420]  a sut pobl gwrsord hopingda.
+[310.420 --> 313.420]  Mae'n hwnnwch yn tryl ar hynnyddolンダ eraill siwch pan metafor a'r hydmed yn ddylcsgopl,
+[313.420 --> 314.420]  yma y ganger hynnyddol dysgu'r bod d fol downorある
+[314.420 --> 316.420]  at lad.
+[316.420 --> 317.440] Sbyrcro, hynnyddol noticing,
+[317.440 --> 322.980]  a cwpwn wneut, mefra daeth amf no, aggeulu gan crebl i ac hwn.
+[323.260 --> 336.000]  Roedd nwna אפraeth ed making a pelo yng Ngor ym記得 Prinoyדpaeth gyneu a newid biti cyfle cael cot Hiddenium Iw pwapar a ch parten hynna.
+[337.420 --> 342.200]  Cmsro'r rydych yn gallu ezzaiau ​fyrnaal allos 가� soupi yw seλ mae rforddio feb 그�d e Ellen G unique gofo a fully ti ddod newge
+[342.680 --> 346.760]  Felly mewn dwydan at y knew mewn gan clingya yw llym rwy.
+[347.440 --> 351.640]  Mae'r wyodiol caregdw ddingnraeth g an manufacturers yn de mentor.
+[351.840 --> 353.640]  Echn f notifications, prices y dyflod ymwedai'rfa,
+[353.840 --> 358.840]  o aso werahherethu propiannau sydd wedi'r fyndant yma dra亩au 2011iau'r y violation.
+[359.000 --> 362.440]  A été'r savor⁠slydd backddion bod yn ran i deflwyr.
+[362.840 --> 363.800]  Twp.
+[364.040 --> 371.360]  Mae'r lining,carachaweria unonechелbill â'n ordidlai c� end a'r path arieddiwededd hwnnau'r dddamarna fe.
+[371.680 --> 374.840]  Mae'r oed ddol bod pobl i'r cyflod att wiegu estabils.
+[374.840 --> 375.840]  Yay!
+[375.840 --> 378.840]  Y industiau, fantain aura ynuaad ac fieuno...
+[382.840 --> 389.840]  Scog o'r yaches ger Fraser Llewer,
+[389.840 --> 392.840]  bobl amdd y dynos darodd blawn greu a chorodd然後 natural.
+[392.840 --> 395.840]  Amwedd mo sic Da cyclohedro yn bum erectol mae droedd am wishes?
+[395.840 --> 400.840]  THEY H HAUrus sof wedi Anatol'n mewn ac mae Jesusbrail am gy sentol height.
+[400.840 --> 402.840]  Cymeth dwi i'r teigait manually.
+[402.840 --> 405.820]  fus syth wedi wneud swawa quarteri vital ma–
+[405.820 --> 408.940]  ac at place comm hectlle bw Sentinelau.
+[408.940 --> 411.840]  Shefyd, shefyd gael fwy cideriddol rhoi nhw rwy'n bwy gник
+[411.840 --> 414.740]  neu fynd di angun이� purityaaill ni gweld perlions
+[414.740 --> 423.540]  ac o meddom'r hugee itel eraill gweld
+[426.540 --> 429.740]  a y di定 engitaliaidol Mae lesnaeth sydd,
+[429.740 --> 431.660]  o'r h Saudi o mysordeal?
+[431.660 --> 434.940]  Shi Daveウ ang staying ond.
+[434.940 --> 437.760]  Da i lun oin.
+[437.760 --> 442.980]  Mae a pan Yunau Chwyr i'n quién agahoddi eu idliwiedd yn awin gweith.
+[442.980 --> 450.260]  Dow i 15 ży wed endninggu si Liverpool 제가 sent,
+[450.260 --> 454.160]  daradleu gwygl Felis clocksau,
+[454.160 --> 457.720]  metw i y f RWD' sickness mewn i ni'r adapt –
+[457.920 --> 460.560]  gwneud asp�io wneud dood yn ac appen趣otwyd yn cael diobiawndi

transcript/workshop_2CL3NtesNS4.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,459 @@
+[0.000 --> 10.000]  So hello everyone. My name is Ivan. You three all know me pretty well, but just to do a bit of an introduction to who I am as a judge.
+[10.000 --> 19.000]  And then I'll also introduce Peter Costa, who is the other person delivering this workshop preemptively before he comes in because he's not quite here yet.
+[19.000 --> 24.000]  So in terms of who I am, I'm currently the competitive training officer at an area of university.
+[24.000 --> 33.000]  I do coach Toby. Hopefully we'll coach you at some point as well. And extra to that into my judging CB I broke it.
+[33.000 --> 42.000]  Hello, come on in. If you're the judging workshop, fantastic. Please take a seat wherever. I do be closer to these folks so you guys can have discussions with each other and things like that.
+[42.000 --> 50.000]  Hello, I'm from the open task. I was just introducing myself. And I have a lab here, such as Trinity Open, etc.
+[50.000 --> 60.000]  I got over to you like to see yourself. Hi, my name is Tilda. I've just received some additional experience. Did you also say you're a coaching expert?
+[60.000 --> 71.000]  Yeah, just a couple of judging experiences. Euros, open final judge, Trinity Open, by Mr. Chair. And a couple of months.
+[71.000 --> 82.000]  Fantastic. So cool. Yeah, we'll just be walking you guys through basically the basics of judging. Hopefully some examples that I'll help you guys think about what's going on when we're judging the debate.
+[82.000 --> 92.000]  Cool. So this is what we'll come up within this workshop. The first thing is on tracking and practices. So are you internal burdens and what you're accrediting just within the team?
+[92.000 --> 100.000]  So the second thing is on comparing cases. So pairwise comparisons. I mean, how do you compare cross bench teams opening government versus opening opposition?
+[100.000 --> 107.000]  My closing government versus opening opposition, etc. And then the last things on printing extent. So pairwise comparisons, but on the same bench.
+[107.000 --> 112.000]  Just before we get started. Sorry, I don't know what to name.
+[112.000 --> 125.000]  I'm a manager. Nice to meet you. I'm Ivan. Just before we get started, do any of you guys need to breathe on the basics of BP debating what the teams are, what the rules are before we move on?
+[125.000 --> 135.000]  Okay, fantastic. So in a BP debate, there are four teams. The first thing that speaks is opening government. The second thing that speaks is opening opposition. Then there's closing government and closing opposition.
+[135.000 --> 145.000]  There are two benches comprised government and opposition, but notably as judges, when we adjudicated the debate, we're looking to rank all four teams, not just two benches.
+[145.000 --> 155.000]  They comprised of two speakers each. They have funky names and you'll get to find out that tomorrow at Edinburgh Cup, if you are coming, if not a future work, you'll get to find that out.
+[155.000 --> 164.000]  But the notable thing is that the team that is speaking changes after each speech. So for example, the first speaker on opening government is called the Prime Minister.
+[164.000 --> 174.000]  They will speak first. And after that, the leader of opposition, so the first speaker on opposition will speak. And then you go back to OG, then ORO, then CG, CEO, CG, CEO.
+[174.000 --> 184.000]  So that is the structure of a debate. And us as judges, our role is to be within a panel firstly, so there'll be a chair, there'll be a panel comprised of both wins and trainees.
+[184.000 --> 194.000]  Again, you'll get to find out when you're at a competition, whether you're a winner or a trainee for that round. And your role, element, your role is basically for contributing to discussion.
+[195.000 --> 211.000]  And as the panel as a team eventually comes to accolade which they deliver to the speakers. So the role basically of the panelist and the way the panelist, the trainee and the chairs to come to a call and to come to the decisions, have good reasons behind this in the first place.
+[211.000 --> 223.000]  You have any questions about that? Okay, fantastic. Let's move on then. So in terms of tracking and just how we all track the baits, I would note specifically that everyone has their own track and style and there's no golden rule to this.
+[223.000 --> 236.000]  So I remember in my first year, I was told by our curbs that you need to have paper and you need to have a laptop in front of you, you need to have a class sheet and then you do something on one type of paper and something on the type of paper.
+[236.000 --> 240.000]  This turned out to be really inconceivable to me being able to track properly.
+[240.000 --> 249.000]  Notably, everyone has different styles in which they do things like studying, everyone has different styles in which they are able to remember things and are able to look things back.
+[249.000 --> 258.000]  So the first thing is just to introspectively ask yourself, what works for me when I try to remember things and what works for me when I'm trying to recall certain types of information.
+[258.000 --> 273.000]  Me personally, I just have like three sheets of paper which is comprised of one, two, three, four, five sides in total. So one side, I just have it divided like that for OG, OO, CG and CO.
+[273.000 --> 281.000]  And I just write really basic notes here just to remind myself what their points were. And then one side is OG, one side is CG, one side is CO.
+[281.000 --> 290.000]  Some people are more complicated than this, they have like whole tables on their laptop and they have a note pad. Some people do it in title and they compete as to the notable thing here is just what works for you.
+[290.000 --> 291.000]  How do you track?
+[291.000 --> 296.000]  So it's really depends. If it's a quite messy speaker, why don't they know what their actual notes do.
+[296.000 --> 300.000]  They want to often just take more active notes. I'm just like, what are they saying now they're saying them.
+[300.000 --> 310.000]  And I have a separate sheet where I try to put that in a structure that would be like, in very one side of this, this is the OG arguments, they give two reasons why this is true, they give one reason why it's like your portent.
+[310.000 --> 320.000]  And then you just write it down in very basic things. And what then helps that for OG, OO, CG, CO. And I'm going to do interactions for example in different ways.
+[320.000 --> 329.000]  So I do for example, the interaction of rebuttal in rest, so then I see, okay, this is rebuttal. And then if I credit the point, but I don't credit the point, for example, to the X there and that guy stops it.
+[329.000 --> 338.000]  And then within the liberation, I could be like, okay, from OG, I credit mainly these points. And I thought it was rebuttal by OO from these and these points.
+[338.000 --> 348.000]  And then I have another page of couple of metaphinks. So I could be like, okay, good impacting, but lack of explaining how they get there or why it's relevant to emotion and that kind of stuff.
+[348.000 --> 349.000]  Yeah.
+[349.000 --> 357.000]  I think people like, this is another good way of thinking about it. So you might want to think about having different colors for things or having different modes of doing things with different things or different debates.
+[357.000 --> 362.000]  I think the rule of thumb is just make sure we have these four things in whatever way that you are tracking.
+[362.000 --> 368.000]  So especially in the deliberation with the panel, you want to be able to recall, A, what specific speaker say.
+[368.000 --> 373.000]  So you don't just want to know down what OG says, but you want to know down what prime minister and deputy prime minister says.
+[373.000 --> 381.000]  And then the other three come for X in the rear of that, right? So if you're tracking whatever speaker says, hopefully you'll also be tracking the other things.
+[381.000 --> 389.000]  But like, make sure you have a way of identifying this. For me, like, for example, key classes, I just like put them in brackets or like I put an exclamation mark next to it.
+[389.000 --> 397.000]  Other people put it in different color, other people get in different page. Again, whatever is conducive to you, just make sure you have a good way of doing all of these things. Any questions on this?
+[397.000 --> 399.000]  Cool.
+[399.000 --> 406.000]  Okay. The first thing is on tracking and crediting cases. There are two main things when we're looking at judging. I know this sounds very basic.
+[406.000 --> 411.000]  And I know some of you might like already know this to some extent, but make sure you're always thinking about this.
+[411.000 --> 420.000]  The first thing is, is this relevant? So this is to say that a speaker can like produce the most like rhetoric field, amazing soundings reach ever.
+[420.000 --> 428.000]  But the first question you need to ask yourself is, does this legitimately proved to me by the motion at hand needs to be passed or failed?
+[428.000 --> 438.000]  Should it be governed or should it be opposed? If they don't give reason that I conducive to either side, then unfortunately they haven't produced anything that is relevant to the debate.
+[438.000 --> 446.000]  And when we talk about burdens later, this would become a bit clearer. But like, for example, if I ask you the question, like, do you prefer cats or dogs?
+[446.000 --> 452.000]  And then you give me like a 50 minute, like, absolute blinder on the analysis of what the orange is the best for ever.
+[452.000 --> 459.000]  I think that's fantastic, but the issue is it doesn't help me solve my problem. So then this week becomes significantly less rewarding.
+[459.000 --> 469.000]  The second thing you need to ask yourself is, how well is this analyzed? And this is specifically where deliberations get more complicated and track and become important.
+[469.000 --> 476.000]  That is to say that like, when you have a claim, obviously it is the case that you need to be persuaded by this claim in this basic debate.
+[476.000 --> 485.000]  And there are different ways that you can be persuaded by this thing. So for example, giving empirical analysis, mentalistic links, identifying sort of like widely shared moral intuition.
+[485.000 --> 495.000]  So often you'll hear and debate people say, intuition pump, and then try and tell you something that hopefully both you and both speaker and the judge identifies with.
+[495.000 --> 502.000]  And then exposing other things about other cases, which could be important. Notice that these are always that you can analyze an argument.
+[502.000 --> 513.000]  You might encounter different wings or different panels or chairs and also different speakers that sort of fetishize one kind of analysis over a different kind of analysis.
+[513.000 --> 520.000]  But the analysis behind the speech is what is making you persuaded within the first place. So don't be scared of highlighting any of these kinds of analysis.
+[520.000 --> 527.000]  It's something that is persuaded to you. But just make sure it is persuasive within the first place and make sure you have a reason why this is persuasive.
+[527.000 --> 529.000]  Do you have anything to add on that?
+[529.000 --> 531.000]  Cool.
+[531.000 --> 540.000]  Cool. Yeah. In terms of what to avoid. And by the way, each of these things I'm telling you to look for and avoid explicitly in the EUDC manual.
+[540.000 --> 546.000]  So there's this manual that tells you how to judge. If you'd like to read it, you can read it. I can say any of the links.
+[546.000 --> 550.000]  If you don't want to read it, I also didn't read it for two years. So there aren't too much.
+[550.000 --> 557.000]  But everything that is within this presentation in terms of information is from the latest EUDC manual.
+[557.000 --> 561.000]  So in terms of what to say, that was what's in there.
+[561.000 --> 566.000]  It tells what to avoid and common mistakes that judges make when they track more credit cases.
+[566.000 --> 573.000]  Especially just counting arguments. I don't know how many of you guys did world schools. I didn't do world schools. I never judge world schools.
+[573.000 --> 579.000]  So I don't know. But what I understand from a lot of people have told me you just kind of count the arguments there.
+[579.000 --> 583.000]  And then that's how you do it. No, I don't. I don't shake my sense. Maybe that's all it's all.
+[583.000 --> 588.000]  But uniquely in VP, the number of arguments a team makes is not the most important thing.
+[588.000 --> 592.000]  To be think about it when you're trying to determine what has or fail emotion.
+[592.000 --> 599.000]  Just giving a bunch of arguments without proving why they're true or what context they exist in is probably not very helpful.
+[599.000 --> 607.000]  The second thing is how clever or innovative the argument is. That is to say that like sometimes arguments are very clever and very innovative and they sound very, very sexy.
+[607.000 --> 618.000]  But you need to think to yourself as to whether this is a legitimate thing which is more important than like a more boring argument that could be mortgaged could be a better reason against past or fail emotion.
+[618.000 --> 621.000]  And similarly to that how interesting the arguments are.
+[621.000 --> 626.000]  The fourth thing and this is really important is don't credit arguments that teams haven't made.
+[626.000 --> 634.000]  And often it's quite easy to defer to this because speakers like I don't know very stress or like really bad sometimes.
+[634.000 --> 639.000]  And they don't do the analysis for you or they like hint at argument or dance around it. Don't say the argument.
+[639.000 --> 643.000]  They don't say the argument. They didn't say the argument. It's not your place to say the argument.
+[643.000 --> 648.000]  The third criteria, does it somewhat rare or so? I would not be too worried about this.
+[648.000 --> 653.000]  And like if you're going to worry about any of these criteria in any order, this is probably the least important.
+[653.000 --> 657.000]  It is the important. So please listen to it. Is there contradictory information?
+[657.000 --> 664.000]  What I mean by contradictory information and you need to be careful with this is are there claims that are mutually exclusive from each other?
+[664.000 --> 669.000]  So not claims that like could be opposing each other in some context.
+[669.000 --> 677.000]  I.e. the team says this actor could act in x-way and this other actor could act in y-way and these are different ways.
+[677.000 --> 685.000]  That is a legitimate thing you can say. However, if they like this actor does x-thing y-actor which is mutually exclusive to x-activity.
+[685.000 --> 690.000]  That does the same thing. That is obviously contradictory information.
+[690.000 --> 698.000]  In this case, the rule here is you discredit the mutually exclusive second claim.
+[698.000 --> 702.000]  But you also see if that claim has affected the persuasiveness of the first claim.
+[702.000 --> 708.000]  Being contradictory and debating is like literally shooting yourself because you don't get credited for basically either.
+[708.000 --> 711.000]  It kind of sucks. We will give a more clear example of this.
+[711.000 --> 717.000]  I also want to note that part of counting arguments is not just both the arguments themselves.
+[717.000 --> 720.000]  But sometimes someone gives 10 reasons for why this is true.
+[720.000 --> 725.000]  And if these are all one-minders and they are not explained, they don't actually make the arguments.
+[725.000 --> 729.000]  So it is not just about arguments, but also reasons why something is true.
+[729.000 --> 732.000]  It needs to be explained by this true why it is relevant.
+[732.000 --> 735.000]  Yeah, exactly. They could be bad reasons.
+[735.000 --> 739.000]  And teams do just quite often. They are like silly reasons for this. They are all rubbish.
+[739.000 --> 743.000]  So, you know, like evaluate the value of each of these mechanisms.
+[743.000 --> 746.000]  Not just like count them. That is kind of lazy.
+[746.000 --> 749.000]  Well, take questions when we are getting towards the end of this section.
+[749.000 --> 752.000]  Because yeah, go to try. We have some examples of how to teach them these.
+[752.000 --> 755.000]  Cool. And I know it all burdens.
+[755.000 --> 758.000]  So, like, when I say burden, what is that?
+[758.000 --> 762.000]  Like, okay, I realize it with the slider. Let's go back.
+[762.000 --> 767.000]  When I say burden, what does this mean to you guys? Like, Ruby, what does this mean to you?
+[767.000 --> 773.000]  What a team has to prove in the debate based on what they've said they're going to prove usually.
+[773.000 --> 776.000]  Okay, fair enough. I don't really have anything to add on that.
+[776.000 --> 783.000]  Yeah, fair enough. I think that was pretty fun for us.
+[783.000 --> 790.000]  So, a burden is basically what a team needs to prove for the claim to be either true or for the claim to be relevant.
+[790.000 --> 795.000]  And the last point here is that the most common burdens are just inferred by the motion.
+[795.000 --> 802.000]  And we'll get into some examples of this. But for example, like, in a motion where you're saying,
+[802.000 --> 810.000]  like, this has the band thing X. Obviously, the burden on opposition is to prove that keeping thing X would be better than
+[810.000 --> 814.000]  the band thing X and the burden on golf is the inverse of that.
+[814.000 --> 819.000]  So, these are the basic burdens that exist in debating. Ruby is right to say that also,
+[819.000 --> 824.000]  burdens exist in far as when teams say that they are going to prove something, they place themselves
+[824.000 --> 829.000]  the burden of proving that thing within the first place. Notice on these things that even if the team doesn't prove that burden,
+[829.000 --> 834.000]  it is useful as a judge to see what they have fulfilled in the analysis that they've done,
+[834.000 --> 840.000]  even if they don't fulfill the full burden. However, it is true that, like, if a team wants to prove something,
+[840.000 --> 845.000]  then they have to do the steps to in order to prove that thing. And just basically what a burden is.
+[845.000 --> 853.000]  And another important note, and this is the second thing here, is, so, yes, burdens can be pushed by teams.
+[853.000 --> 858.000]  So often, opening opposition, for example, say, opening government have the burden to prove this and this,
+[858.000 --> 865.000]  they can't just get away with saying this. This is fine, and teams can, like, kind of assert that a burden exists.
+[865.000 --> 870.000]  But you as the panel should just believe that that burden exists, just because opposition says it exists.
+[870.000 --> 877.000]  You need to evaluate whether opposition is correct that government has this burden, as well as the important thing here.
+[877.000 --> 883.000]  Cool. Any questions on this section so far? Fantastic.
+[883.000 --> 889.000]  Cool. Yeah. We're hoping to go into an example. So the motion is this has wood and juice.
+[889.000 --> 897.000]  And the motion, basically, means this has wood, basically, is a country where governments shoot a ball of juice,
+[897.000 --> 904.000]  and then it would take place, reasonably, where the government could launch it. So this would be for example Scotland, this could be the UK,
+[904.000 --> 910.000]  it's with the Canada, India, any place where it airs, and there's a government that's able to bend them.
+[910.000 --> 915.000]  And our government is basically, at the moment, we bend them, animals will be better off.
+[915.000 --> 924.000]  And then here are a couple of reasons that they get, that are going to try to evaluate, how strong do we think that these reasons are or whether we should credit them at all.
+[924.000 --> 930.000]  So let's just start with the first one. During go-per-self animals, pro-creating, you see what that stress from being watched.
+[930.000 --> 942.000]  Is there something that you can buy as a reason why it would be good to you? I will, if you bend juice, animals will be better off.
+[942.000 --> 951.000]  So do me, this sounds just like reason, but simple experience, but like animals feel stressed when you're human.
+[951.000 --> 960.000]  As an example, animals feel stressed when they are humans and therefore be better. So it's probably the animals would want to be exposed to this stress.
+[960.000 --> 964.000]  Do people disagree when they think it needs more stuff to be proven?
+[964.000 --> 972.000]  I think it's a bit more, I just think this is the second. This will happen in the juice and this is a pro-creating in the juice.
+[972.000 --> 985.000]  So it's a say that, like, the world, when you balance the juice, the animals is still another option to be to be accurate in some sort of environment.
+[985.000 --> 997.000]  So you would say it's too implicit here that in the alternative, they wouldn't be watched. So you need to explain that at the moment you don't have juice, they will be set free, and then they will need to be not going to be watched.
+[997.000 --> 1002.000]  Do we go with that? The others are going to be good summary of what we were trying to do.
+[1002.000 --> 1011.000]  Okay. Personally, I am leaning a bit more towards correcting this because we're going to understand that you kind of need to prove why on the alternative, you're not going to be watched.
+[1011.000 --> 1023.000]  I do think it is kind of inherent to having juice that people will watch animals, and such that if you have, like, lines being set free and not being a juice, then it seems to me intuitive, not that they would not be watched.
+[1023.000 --> 1029.000]  Which I would have liked, maybe an expressive link, it figures for me it's like just about sufficient to be proven.
+[1029.000 --> 1037.000]  Let's go to the other one, which is animals are displaced from their climate, such as lines being placed in Edinburgh, Zue.
+[1038.000 --> 1042.000]  Do you think this is sufficient? Is it clean?
+[1042.000 --> 1046.000]  I think so. And that's about the animals.
+[1046.000 --> 1048.000]  Why is it like that?
+[1048.000 --> 1049.000]  Yeah.
+[1049.000 --> 1054.000]  Exactly. So this is one of those things where you can maybe put to a certain extent, right?
+[1054.000 --> 1065.000]  Maybe it is somewhat intuitive that if lines are going to be the animals going to be bad for them, but they're going to be all of questions like how that is freedom to be displaced, how much are in displaced, why can and closures not have like a cage with them and that kind of stuff.
+[1065.000 --> 1077.000]  So taking all of these items into account, you wouldn't hold a bank answer point because you would be intervening here and telling them, no, no, because here like all the reasons why actually the climate displacement is actually not that big.
+[1077.000 --> 1085.000]  But this is a burden that they need to place in themselves, improving that. Yes, I do need to explain why the difference is so big.
+[1085.000 --> 1098.000]  So let's go over to maybe the third point. You might not do all of them just for time reasons. So if you want to be entertained so animals are forced to perform, I haven't heard from you yet.
+[1098.000 --> 1103.000]  I know where you made this, but the ones you could mention are you available?
+[1103.000 --> 1114.000]  I think I would just because I think I have a nice measure to be forced to do something.
+[1114.000 --> 1120.000]  It's in the bottom that the reinforcements and the regions are going to be.
+[1120.000 --> 1129.000]  So you think you say it's just about enough. What kind of burns do you think there would be to prove here to make this point even stronger?
+[1129.000 --> 1138.000]  I hope that some reasons to white animals do actually want to perform my adoption of a larger, a little GP performing.
+[1139.000 --> 1147.000]  There's another burden as well that's hidden in there, or maybe not as hidden.
+[1147.000 --> 1154.000]  Yeah, or that you need kind of like need specific kind of performances to be entertained.
+[1154.000 --> 1166.000]  So there are basically two burdens here. And I think it's important to kind of like either the mind because most likely especially tomorrow you have a lot of new people and they have these ideas about what it needs to perform and what you want to be entertained in specific way.
+[1167.000 --> 1180.000]  And then you don't make it explicit and then use it just basically need to be like, okay, I can maybe somewhat try this, but if they're going to be stronger arguments which are more well proven, you can say, yes, I believe this to certain extent, we've not to the full extent for these reasons.
+[1180.000 --> 1185.000]  Like you have these burns in the market. That's why these are examples are here.
+[1185.000 --> 1189.000]  I think you guys can talk about like you can look at later.
+[1189.000 --> 1195.000]  So the favorite time is as we should most likely move on. There's some more examples.
+[1195.000 --> 1201.000]  So this is more about whether teams come to fix itself.
+[1201.000 --> 1205.000]  So you have the Prime Minister's, this is one again in favor of Ben and Zeus.
+[1205.000 --> 1213.000]  When I say people who you like animals want to see them behave explosively, which leads to prefers of incentives to train them, harshly and potentially to create shows.
+[1213.000 --> 1217.000]  So just all of this is like being denied fully if they don't do tricks.
+[1217.000 --> 1220.000]  And then the leader of opposition says, we can then show us with animals.
+[1220.000 --> 1223.000]  This is a perk of this debate.
+[1223.000 --> 1234.000]  If government says we're going to ban it, then opposition can implement another policy that they are going to forward, which kind of requires the same amount of like efforts.
+[1234.000 --> 1240.000]  So that's called political, political capital or it is like called fiat.
+[1240.000 --> 1244.000]  But just at least to have the same amount of funding and kind of like cat is needed for it.
+[1244.000 --> 1251.000]  And then you say when you have Zeus, they're able to teach people about animals my at first, information screens, movies, etc.
+[1251.000 --> 1254.000]  And then personally they will explain why that's going to be good.
+[1254.000 --> 1263.000]  And the DPMs, this is again the person who's in favor of the motion, who's in the same team as this person, says people don't learn and choose about animals as they don't remember the information they teach them.
+[1263.000 --> 1268.000]  So you won't get donations of awareness of climate change slash regulations.
+[1268.000 --> 1273.000]  And then the deal says people who trade animals can't have the incentive to harm them.
+[1273.000 --> 1278.000]  And then they give a couple of reasons, which is animals is better when they like you.
+[1278.000 --> 1282.000]  They have an affinity for animals since they want to work with them for that deal pay.
+[1282.000 --> 1286.000]  And you will enjoy watching happy animals more.
+[1287.000 --> 1296.000]  So what do you think of also maybe contradictions or interactions between maybe DLO and LLO or DPM and PM?
+[1306.000 --> 1315.000]  Yeah, this is the most direct way you often should attention, which is where they say are actually we're going to do this or actually is not, you know, we can do other ways.
+[1316.000 --> 1325.000]  And then the other person for some reason was to react to what other people are saying and tries to rebutted giving reasons by something actually isn't bad, but they already concede that they're not both doing it.
+[1325.000 --> 1335.000]  So all of these points are actually kind of like using that sense because the arguments about animals and shows and stuff is just out of the debate because it's not the debate anymore.
+[1335.000 --> 1340.000]  Is there possibly another kind of tension that you could see maybe between the big golf bench?
+[1346.000 --> 1353.000]  Is there a kind of like an implicit tension?
+[1353.000 --> 1362.000]  Does it want to talk about other really like animals and the DPM said they don't worry about zoos and they don't remember the information?
+[1362.000 --> 1368.000]  Because if you're implying that you like animals, then presumably you're going to be interested about them.
+[1368.000 --> 1373.000]  This is the where it is like implicit tension. There is a way where you can resolve this, right?
+[1373.000 --> 1378.000]  You can say people really like it, specifically just to see them explosively behavior just like watching them and that kind of stuff.
+[1378.000 --> 1386.000]  But the moment where you're going to give them a flex about their habitat, they don't care because they're like zoos and they don't really like reading in their spare time and that kind of stuff.
+[1386.000 --> 1391.000]  So there's a way to resolve it, but this is a good way where you can see where there's maybe implicit tension.
+[1391.000 --> 1397.000]  So maybe if this is really true, then maybe that argument comes a bit less likely and maybe other way around.
+[1397.000 --> 1402.000]  And that's also a good way to keep your eye out, either for like again giving feedback, explain when arguments can be better,
+[1402.000 --> 1409.000]  but also maybe keeping in mind to what extent do we think that the argument stands for how many people the system can make kind of stuff?
+[1409.000 --> 1411.000]  Are there any questions on contradictions?
+[1411.000 --> 1416.000]  We come back to them a little bit on extensions, especially on the intertune.
+[1416.000 --> 1418.000]  Are there any questions?
+[1418.000 --> 1419.000]  Anything? Who?
+[1419.000 --> 1423.000]  We want to give you the burdens of example that.
+[1423.000 --> 1426.000]  Hi.
+[1426.000 --> 1430.000]  I think we already kind of did this with the other one just to say a bit more time. How much of a time is it now?
+[1430.000 --> 1432.000]  We have like 50 initiatives.
+[1432.000 --> 1434.000]  50 initiatives still do two things.
+[1434.000 --> 1436.000]  I'll give it here in the test afterwards.
+[1436.000 --> 1437.000]  Who?
+[1437.000 --> 1440.000]  Moving that into pairwise comparisons.
+[1440.000 --> 1450.000]  The first thing to remember is, and this is like a line taken out of the manual, is how teams win and how teams do well in the debate.
+[1450.000 --> 1454.000]  So how teams as well is by me persuasive, obviously.
+[1454.000 --> 1460.000]  But the parameters of this persuasiveness are firstly that burdens which be covered and then the rules are be debated.
+[1460.000 --> 1468.000]  Otherwise like teams which is like me persuasive, like forever, like not taking POIs and you know, like not being that burdens and talking about whatever.
+[1468.000 --> 1470.000]  So this is the, this is the art of the sport.
+[1470.000 --> 1475.000]  I think this is, I know this is really simplistic, but it's a really good thing to keep in mind.
+[1475.000 --> 1483.000]  Because like in so far as a team needs to win by doing these things, means that the teams are meeting the burdens of this condition specifically.
+[1483.000 --> 1492.000]  So then that is the like the base justification of why you have a team over a different team because they've done this better than a different team.
+[1493.000 --> 1496.000]  Generally when we talk about comparisons, they are pair wise.
+[1496.000 --> 1509.000]  So notably all of you that are like paneling, chair, training or just judging tomorrow will, especially if you're paneling or training, will be asked to compare different teams.
+[1510.000 --> 1518.000]  Notably when we judge on a panel, the norm is just to compare a team versus another team and only using the content of these teams.
+[1518.000 --> 1536.000]  So for example, if I'm the chair and I tell Adam to compare closing government to closing our position, it means that your comparing specifically the content that exists within these two teams as opposed to like bringing in what opening government also says to closing our position and like what that does in the back half of the person.
+[1536.000 --> 1546.000]  Notice sometimes this will get a bit more nuanced. Like sometimes you compare like whether a specific team is more resilient to a kind of a bundle that came out versus another team.
+[1546.000 --> 1552.000]  I wouldn't worry about it too much when you're comparing teams, you're comparing teams, X versus team Y using just their content.
+[1552.000 --> 1561.000]  I think this is the best way of looking at it. I think like literally 99% of comparisons get done in that way. You'll be able to sufficiently get that done in that way.
+[1562.000 --> 1570.000]  The first thing that a comparison is dictated by is what you find to be proven within a team. And notably it's not just the claim which they make.
+[1570.000 --> 1579.000]  So for example, this has with manzoos means that animals get less harmed, but also what rebuttal they prove, what weighing they prove and what comparisons they prove.
+[1579.000 --> 1597.000]  So teams will also try and disprove other teams arguments. They will try to weigh their arguments which if you're unfamiliar with that just means place importance to their arguments based on some sort of metric which they hopefully will prove to be important although quite often when teams weigh they don't do this.
+[1597.000 --> 1605.000]  And then they'll do comparisons as well. So I'll just try to compare themselves to another team. Notice all of these things are also just arguments.
+[1605.000 --> 1613.000]  Because if you're rebutting something, you're arguing that that thing is not true. Or if you're weighing something, you're arguing that the thing that you're talking about is important.
+[1613.000 --> 1618.000]  Or if you're comparing something, you're arguing that like you're comparison with that is true.
+[1618.000 --> 1624.000]  The best way of looking at these things in terms of burdens and in terms of whether you believe them is just created like an argument.
+[1624.000 --> 1628.000]  Do they prove the thing that they're trying to say and is it rewarding?
+[1628.000 --> 1639.000]  In this sense, it probably makes it easier or more convincing when you're talking on a panel and trying to track for example what rebuttal works and what weighing works especially when you're talking about two teams that are against each other.
+[1639.000 --> 1643.000]  These things are just arguments. They're like predicated in that way in the first place.
+[1643.000 --> 1651.000]  Also, I know things that we're clear by the pairwise. It's not just that one team is good. It might just be that another team is just better.
+[1651.000 --> 1655.000]  So a team proves all the burdens but then another team is just better. But the opposite is also true.
+[1655.000 --> 1661.000]  Which is a team might be really bad but then they still don't lose the specific conversion because someone else is worse.
+[1661.000 --> 1666.000]  So it's not just in a vacuum. It's just who does better things in those worst things.
+[1666.000 --> 1674.000]  Yeah, I think that's important. Before we just move on more into comparisons and rebuttal, are there any first questions about how we compare teams?
+[1674.000 --> 1679.000]  Is this probably the most important thing you'll do in a panel? Like don't worry if the question is.
+[1679.000 --> 1681.000]  Okay.
+[1681.000 --> 1687.000]  What happens if a piece of analysis in closing half to government entirely destroys their case.
+[1687.000 --> 1697.000]  But this wasn't brought up by open. How would you weigh the gun case versus their opposition if that was like a dissonning project?
+[1697.000 --> 1705.000]  Wait, so for example we're doing the opening government and opening opposition in Paris and closing government has a destructive material against opening government.
+[1705.000 --> 1712.000]  And the top half comparison and the comparisons that opening government hardly gets OO and CO you wouldn't worry about this.
+[1712.000 --> 1722.000]  Unless it's like contextually devastating to the point where opening government has run a context or a frame which is like total bullshit and makes no sense.
+[1722.000 --> 1731.000]  And like it's just empirically wrong. And in which case in these cases closing government can like does kind of have permission to put this out.
+[1731.000 --> 1737.000]  Like they're running those bullshit false thing from opening government. Then yeah maybe that might affect it a little bit.
+[1737.000 --> 1741.000]  But probably in these cases opening government is using anyway so it doesn't really matter.
+[1741.000 --> 1746.000]  So in the cases where opening government is actually in contention with opening opposition, closing opposition for example.
+[1746.000 --> 1750.000]  And there's like this devastating rebuttal that closing government does against opening government. Don't worry about that.
+[1750.000 --> 1753.000]  You're still coming here opening government and there are content.
+[1753.000 --> 1756.000]  Any other questions? Just back in the absence initially.
+[1756.000 --> 1758.000]  Very fantastic let's move on.
+[1758.000 --> 1772.000]  Rebuttal and what this is. Basically the key thing with rebuttal and this is kind of reflective work said earlier about accounting arguments is don't track what is and isn't rebutted but what isn't rebutted well.
+[1772.000 --> 1777.000]  And this is something in the EUDC manual where they're like don't just you track what is rebutted.
+[1777.000 --> 1782.000]  Teams will rebutt a lot of things and they'll spue a lot of this isn't true. This doesn't matter.
+[1782.000 --> 1789.000]  Like my contact here defeats this contact for x reason. Again rebuttal is just an argument.
+[1789.000 --> 1794.000]  So in these cases evaluate whether this rebuttal was done well and what is convincing about this rebuttal.
+[1794.000 --> 1802.000]  Because probably this is case that the team that has done all this case building has reasons that are that maybe have convinced you at the time.
+[1802.000 --> 1805.000]  And the team that has done rebuttal is like now that is a true for this reason.
+[1805.000 --> 1812.000]  But you need to evaluate on the balance of first you probabilities and secondly on persuasiveness which one is convinced you in this case.
+[1812.000 --> 1821.000]  And when you're bringing it up within a panel like to your chair but your other ways be very clear why don't credit a piece of rebuttal.
+[1821.000 --> 1828.000]  Because quite often this is where comparisons are decided on a panel where you're like a team said like for example opening government said x.
+[1828.000 --> 1835.000]  And then your chairs like no but I think opening opposition still beats them because they rebutted claims this isn't this effectively.
+[1835.000 --> 1845.000]  This is your moment basically to flag what rebuttal they did and then you state why you think each one doesn't meet its burden of rebuttal.
+[1845.000 --> 1852.000]  The second thing to remember is that P.O.I.s are as valuable engagement as other engagement so just remember to track these.
+[1852.000 --> 1858.000]  That is to say that like rebuttal doesn't become less persuasive inherently because it's a P.O.I.
+[1858.000 --> 1861.000]  You can still like destroy an entire case of P.O.I. It's a bit rare but like you can't still do that.
+[1861.000 --> 1864.000]  So track these just remember to do that.
+[1864.000 --> 1868.000]  Do you know when information is just as impressive.
+[1868.000 --> 1876.000]  So when speakers are speaking the opposite bench is allowed to say P.O.I. and then the speaker is allowed to take that P.O.I.
+[1876.000 --> 1882.000]  And the opposite speaker can just like say whatever the hell they want in this P.O.I. and the space of 15 seconds.
+[1882.000 --> 1896.000]  And within the rules and within the speaker briefing and within the U.D.C. judging manual you have to take one P.O.I. within your speech otherwise you could lose on post comparisons and or your speaker points could get docked.
+[1896.000 --> 1899.000]  So it's just like a good sport kind of thing to do.
+[1899.000 --> 1906.000]  So people take P.O.I.s so notably when other things are raising the points of information to make sure you're practicing this.
+[1906.000 --> 1909.000]  Anything down all this. Any questions about rebuttal?
+[1909.000 --> 1913.000]  Might be clear from the example of this. I think it will be.
+[1913.000 --> 1924.000]  So okay here's a good example. So again with the same motion, this has a good news and the PMs or Prime Minister basically is talking about how trainings and shows that animals do are actually bad for them.
+[1924.000 --> 1934.000]  And they give them like three reasons for this. So it is people like wishing animals being disclosed which gives a preferred sense to train and partially intensively to create shows.
+[1934.000 --> 1941.000]  From the convention about sea life we know animals are treated unfairly if you don't visit sea life being the night food and they own the tricks.
+[1941.000 --> 1949.000]  But also, coast of the show brings money to the zoos. Then they try to do as many shows as possible which creates a lot of fatigue within the animals.
+[1949.000 --> 1953.000]  And the W-rate of obsession is specifically bringing them both to this claim.
+[1953.000 --> 1958.000]  And you'll notice that not everything is like, oh, what they're saying here is true, what they're saying there is true or that's true.
+[1958.000 --> 1966.000]  That's very unlike this has in most ways. It's just they're going to give some of the counter reasons and some of the directly interact sometimes indirectly interact.
+[1966.000 --> 1970.000]  And then it's your job to see which point do I think are more persuasive.
+[1970.000 --> 1978.000]  So firstly the argument is again, you have this bit of a pretty short bit of ideas.
+[1978.000 --> 1984.000]  You will have to train have no incentive to actually harm them because animals will respect what they would like you.
+[1984.000 --> 1992.000]  But also get people who are actually training them and giving the shows have a fancy for animals as they want to work with them, prevent them from being low pay.
+[1992.000 --> 1994.000]  They have all the jobs they can possibly go to.
+[1994.000 --> 2002.000]  And also you don't want to have these animals because people enjoy watching heavy animals more than heavy animals.
+[2002.000 --> 2008.000]  So these are kind of like arguments against these points. How would you see them interact?
+[2008.000 --> 2012.000]  Which side do you think is currently winning and why?
+[2012.000 --> 2020.000]  Yes.
+[2020.000 --> 2026.000]  Okay. I think that currently like still the opening of the tournament is winning. Why I believe this is so.
+[2026.000 --> 2035.000]  I think that they like mechanisms are kind of like explained by the first like in what incentives do I have motivation to do this in the world by succumbly.
+[2035.000 --> 2049.000]  Why this is actually bad with animals. I think the arguments from the position are maybe a bit like integrating maybe like slightly mitigating this that you don't have to be them as badly or that for example some people still might be nice to them.
+[2049.000 --> 2052.000]  But I think I first of all don't.
+[2052.000 --> 2064.000]  So I think this does not squirt with like the mind. So this secondly I think many of these things also are kind of like also secondly I think some of the arguments are not the explain to say like people.
+[2064.000 --> 2072.000]  For example people enjoy watching heavy animals more. Why people would for example like you know what animals about heavy or not.
+[2072.000 --> 2080.000]  Whereas I know that you know they are way the animals at least like you know are really separate even.
+[2080.000 --> 2091.000]  Yeah. Okay. So it's already quite good. Does anyone agree that this is because the possible to leave that again this case does interact with this is a way.
+[2091.000 --> 2101.000]  If you have to maybe be devil's advocate how would you explain how this argument is that argument.
+[2101.000 --> 2111.000]  Because the making us question why these trainings why they would be training why they would be training animals to have a sense of time.
+[2111.000 --> 2116.000]  You know all the pay is low showing that clearly the training memory was like.
+[2116.000 --> 2122.000]  If you've been training animal that's going to do you want it to be able to listen to you obviously you're going to have to be nice to it.
+[2122.000 --> 2126.000]  So it's kind of like maybe the incentives people were training them.
+[2126.000 --> 2137.000]  I think this is also like a possible way to get into it. And again these are just a couple of lines right as possible that someone maybe spends more time on these points that maybe a bit more.
+[2137.000 --> 2144.000]  So it might be the case that generally one just be still there. The reason why I'm saying this is why you could see how they could interact.
+[2144.000 --> 2147.000]  So how could possibly this will bottle interact with that arguments.
+[2147.000 --> 2157.000]  But also it is important to see where it is to make your approach and what they say is that there's just like a couple of words that are still missing here.
+[2157.000 --> 2162.000]  So why is the people like see that these animals are happy in the first place and that comes to them.
+[2162.000 --> 2166.000]  But I think there's also another way which is like this incentive.
+[2166.000 --> 2169.000]  So this is inside the analysis of the people who trained them.
+[2169.000 --> 2174.000]  But there's a difference between like what these people can do and kind of like how this is organized.
+[2174.000 --> 2181.000]  So you could say maybe like you really want best for the animals. But if the users just the incentive to just consider all the time,
+[2181.000 --> 2187.000]  maybe the best incentive there will still be fatigues. And then the fatigues is a direct impact on like quite hopeful bad.
+[2187.000 --> 2189.000]  I think it's not clear.
+[2189.000 --> 2196.000]  And then same thing here is again maybe like watching that being explosive is something that you could actually see.
+[2196.000 --> 2203.000]  And therefore it's more intuitive than things here which are about you know seeing animals happy that comes up with your significant more subjective.
+[2203.000 --> 2213.000]  It's also hard for people to see. So it's important to see where it possibly could interest but also then wishes maybe prior or wishes maybe more than you could.
+[2213.000 --> 2215.000]  Okay. Good.
+[2215.000 --> 2220.000]  Fantastic. Just then on evaluating cross-banch comparisons kind of completely miss bit.
+[2220.000 --> 2225.000]  There are two important things here. The first thing is just clarify what you think the margin of the comparison is.
+[2225.000 --> 2232.000]  So in a deliberation with a previous example, for example, say you disagree with the chair. The chair is like oh it's going to be like nah, oh do you guys believe it.
+[2232.000 --> 2239.000]  It's probably useful here to just flag to them. I think the margin of the clash is the incentive of the trainers.
+[2239.000 --> 2242.000]  And this is why I think it teachers over to this side as opposed to this side.
+[2242.000 --> 2249.000]  There's often more conducive to a good deliberation than just saying then just like spewing all the different content that the team say.
+[2249.000 --> 2255.000]  And then it's be like I think er, he's more convincing. Like being able to centralize it to what they clash on what the margin is.
+[2255.000 --> 2257.000]  This often more persuasive on the panel.
+[2257.000 --> 2262.000]  The second thing which is the most important is take the path of least intervention.
+[2262.000 --> 2269.000]  So when we talk about as a judge intervening, this is using your own knowledge or your own intuitions to affect what the call is happening.
+[2269.000 --> 2275.000]  Calls need to be as unbiased and as related to the content that happen in the debate within the first place.
+[2275.000 --> 2281.000]  So like try not to let your own biases and your own knowledge intervene within this within the first place.
+[2281.000 --> 2288.000]  For example, on the previous thing say like I don't know, you like know someone who's an animal trainer and they're like a massive philanthropist and they love animals.
+[2288.000 --> 2292.000]  Don't bring this into deliberation like no one cares.
+[2292.000 --> 2297.000]  And it isn't useful and you should be intervening based on your own knowledge.
+[2297.000 --> 2303.000]  Even if you know like the zoo industry is like the best thing in the world for whatever empirical reasons.
+[2303.000 --> 2308.000]  It seems to be these reasons then this shouldn't be a thing that would impact the call.
+[2308.000 --> 2313.000]  Moving quickly then into extensions and our routes really very quickly.
+[2313.000 --> 2315.000]  So just be clear what an extension is.
+[2315.000 --> 2320.000]  It's just any new content from closing teams to opening teams.
+[2320.000 --> 2323.000]  And all of these things can count as an extension.
+[2323.000 --> 2331.000]  And I think the way the manual puts it is basically anything that's not a word for word, repetition of what your openly said, counts as an extension to some degree.
+[2331.000 --> 2336.000]  So the most common extension are new arguments and new analysis.
+[2336.000 --> 2343.000]  Things like new rebuttal, new examples, new criteria for judging the debate and new applications of existing arguments.
+[2343.000 --> 2349.000]  So for example, you might cross apply one thing from the other thing from like you're opening and then you create an argument out of it.
+[2349.000 --> 2351.000]  These are all things that count as extensions.
+[2351.000 --> 2355.000]  The job of the judge when evaluating extensions, i.e. on bench comparisons.
+[2355.000 --> 2368.000]  So for example, closing government, the opening government, closing opposition against opening opposition is evaluating the value of this extension and also like the value of the web speech and the rebuttal they do against other teams and things like that.
+[2368.000 --> 2373.000]  We have one minute so we'll do this example quite quickly.
+[2373.000 --> 2374.000]  So this is the idea.
+[2374.000 --> 2378.000]  This is going to be a school and analytical or a fritzable extension.
+[2378.000 --> 2385.000]  The idea is government is going to give reasons for training ground on bad or poorly and the closing government is going to bring the same argument.
+[2385.000 --> 2388.000]  This then going to bring new and better reasons that's the idea.
+[2388.000 --> 2394.000]  So let's just again do the figure opening government has not changed.
+[2394.000 --> 2395.000]  That's good.
+[2395.000 --> 2396.000]  Sick time there.
+[2396.000 --> 2406.000]  Closing government tries to bring new arguments, which is people training these animals, see them as tools to make money and entertainment and they're if you're interested in life then and if you don't really care for them the most.
+[2406.000 --> 2414.000]  To be entertaining shows to be big which shows a lot of animals which is bad for their hearts is they're doing tricks that require high heart rate.
+[2414.000 --> 2422.000]  But also animals are doing shows and environment statements to them such as lines doing shows outside of edibra which are not cater to.
+[2422.000 --> 2435.000]  So let's just what's the first thing that comes to mind do you think that the couple of points are new are they better or worse?
+[2435.000 --> 2439.000]  You already have given the answer so I want to give someone else also the opportunity.
+[2439.000 --> 2441.000]  We can't see each other.
+[2441.000 --> 2442.000]  Right now.
+[2447.000 --> 2452.000]  The point of our own will be which are like alien to them at the point.
+[2452.000 --> 2453.000]  This one?
+[2453.000 --> 2454.000]  Yeah.
+[2454.000 --> 2456.000]  So it's nothing in that.
+[2456.000 --> 2458.000]  And the end is which one.
+[2458.000 --> 2460.000]  Do you think that this point is new?
+[2460.000 --> 2464.000]  Kind of like you're shooting us tools and everyone's to insurance less than?
+[2464.000 --> 2475.000]  I think seeing these tools is new but like end make money and bringing money is the same kind of impact that the PM does.
+[2475.000 --> 2476.000]  Yeah.
+[2476.000 --> 2478.000]  Do you think that the PM doesn't better?
+[2478.000 --> 2479.000]  Yeah.
+[2480.000 --> 2481.000]  No.
+[2481.000 --> 2483.000]  The people is either.
+[2485.000 --> 2486.000]  Maybe from the back.
+[2486.000 --> 2487.000]  Yeah.
+[2487.000 --> 2489.000]  That is the green shirt.
+[2489.000 --> 2490.000]  What do you think?
+[2490.000 --> 2491.000]  Oh they.
+[2491.000 --> 2492.000]  Yeah.
+[2492.000 --> 2493.000]  Yeah.
+[2493.000 --> 2494.000]  Sorry.
+[2494.000 --> 2502.000]  Do you think the PM explains better the idea of like you know maybe not his meditation which is something that does have new?
+[2502.000 --> 2505.000]  The idea of you seeing this as tools to make money and entertainment?
+[2505.000 --> 2520.000]  Well I think it was only better to the point that the open obsession is not like in the beginning.
+[2520.000 --> 2523.000]  You don't know anything about what they said.
+[2523.000 --> 2524.000]  Yeah.
+[2524.000 --> 2526.000]  I don't know.
+[2527.000 --> 2528.000]  I don't know.
+[2528.000 --> 2530.000]  It is what I would say.
+[2530.000 --> 2535.000]  Kind of like you hear the argument is that you see them as tools.
+[2535.000 --> 2541.000]  But there isn't given any actual reason why necessarily you see them as tools except for the idea you can make money and take them.
+[2541.000 --> 2544.000]  Just because you can make money and then take them.
+[2544.000 --> 2547.000]  That's mean I need to see this tool.
+[2547.000 --> 2550.000]  Like you know there's not necessarily it.
+[2550.000 --> 2556.000]  But if you look at opening government when they explain it goes to shows bring money so he tries to do as many shows as possible.
+[2556.000 --> 2563.000]  Then you can say us actually a reason that's given me for why you would like to see them as a tool or why you would use them so often and they can't stop you.
+[2563.000 --> 2565.000]  You treat them poorly.
+[2565.000 --> 2568.000]  So there's a bit more of a more understandable incentive than that.
+[2568.000 --> 2571.000]  This actually explains why this would happen.
+[2571.000 --> 2574.000]  This is just a bit of like a sort of a harmful.
+[2575.000 --> 2589.000]  And here it is also as well as like this independent of how you see them right it is possible to want these animals to be explicit and still not see them as a tool but then still you know treat them partially.
+[2589.000 --> 2594.000]  And still like maybe over excerpt them and do things like right intense.
+[2594.000 --> 2601.000]  So firstly I would say that it is a bit better explaining the opening government because there's just more incentive analysis and just more like there's less contingencies.
+[2601.000 --> 2605.000]  That's the way that I need to believe here.
+[2605.000 --> 2611.000]  And under the last thing we have this one which is three entertaining shows need to be big.
+[2611.000 --> 2614.000]  It kind of sounds very similar to the first point.
+[2614.000 --> 2616.000]  People agree.
+[2622.000 --> 2625.000]  You and the rest are you agree?
+[2626.000 --> 2631.000]  Yeah I mean it's quite similar to people like watching animals being explicit.
+[2631.000 --> 2639.000]  I mean it's slightly different in so far as it's like specifically about entertaining them.
+[2639.000 --> 2642.000]  I mean it kind of is that watching animals is more or less the same.
+[2642.000 --> 2644.000]  What do you think is new here?
+[2644.000 --> 2647.000]  The stuff is bad for their hearts.
+[2647.000 --> 2649.000]  Yeah which are hard to read.
+[2649.000 --> 2655.000]  This is more or less persuasive than just saying that it will be fatiguing and who will be intense for them.
+[2655.000 --> 2662.000]  Well I guess like it's an extra layer of analysis but the main topic that has been done in the opening.
+[2662.000 --> 2664.000]  Yeah there's what I would read.
+[2664.000 --> 2666.000]  So the reason I'm saying this here is you know please.
+[2666.000 --> 2668.000]  The reason is this is very similar.
+[2668.000 --> 2674.000]  It is a bit more specificity but because it was a more specific it is maybe applying in less cases.
+[2674.000 --> 2676.000]  So again it is more or less a bit wider.
+[2676.000 --> 2681.000]  I believe fatiguing is bad and people just like better animals to be like tired and they would be like overexerted.
+[2681.000 --> 2684.000]  That's already good enough if it's here.
+[2684.000 --> 2686.000]  Unless, right this is a caveat.
+[2686.000 --> 2688.000]  Unless I believe this is very assertive.
+[2688.000 --> 2691.000]  I don't know why being fatigued is a bad thing.
+[2691.000 --> 2701.000]  If I just think of it as just being tired then potentially I could see this as new material which explains why it would be bad for the animals per se.
+[2701.000 --> 2707.000]  But personally I would see that all the way explaining why it's being too much for you to be taking an intense for them and more is already just a bad thing.
+[2707.000 --> 2709.000]  Yeah fantastic.
+[2709.000 --> 2716.000]  In the very last thing we're just going to talk about is the value of an extension and just how we go about credit team extensions comparatively.
+[2716.000 --> 2724.000]  The main thing and often what more weak judges do is they'll say CGs being OG because they have an extension and they add content to the government bench.
+[2724.000 --> 2729.000]  Yes, obviously they've done that because their team added to the government bench.
+[2729.000 --> 2731.000]  This is not a good enough reason why they would lead their opening.
+[2731.000 --> 2735.000]  Just notably on the knife and also on the comparative metrics.
+[2735.000 --> 2743.000]  What we talked about earlier and what the main thing is, which is is this a more persuasive reason to pass or fail the motion than what opening gets.
+[2743.000 --> 2747.000]  And it's basically the only question if you have to ask yourself when weighing a closing team.
+[2747.000 --> 2750.000]  There's some stuff here on what the analytical extension is.
+[2750.000 --> 2753.000]  Again, we kind of talked about it more in the example.
+[2753.000 --> 2758.000]  Just maybe have a look at some of these reasons as to why a vertical extension could be winning.
+[2758.000 --> 2762.000]  But yeah, I think the interesting thing you guys shared on that example was fair enough.
+[2762.000 --> 2768.000]  Cool, that's the end of the presentation because anyone have any questions.
+[2768.000 --> 2773.000]  Feel free to come with us to come to us myself or PR with questions afterwards.
+[2773.000 --> 2776.000]  You'll be able to see us at our Cooktomar.
+[2776.000 --> 2780.000]  Like our names are in these are our names.
+[2780.000 --> 2784.000]  If you want to know them down, we're available on Facebook.
+[2784.000 --> 2787.000]  Our names on Facebook are the same as our government names.
+[2787.000 --> 2788.000]  So you can find us there.
+[2788.000 --> 2791.000]  Cool, fantastic. Thanks for coming guys.

transcript/workshop_3yYjYvdcCw8.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+[0.000 --> 22.140]  Do you know that the least popular public speakers use an average of 272 hand gestures
+[22.140 --> 25.200]  during the 18-minute talk?
+[25.200 --> 33.560]  Whereas the most popular public speakers use an average of 465 hand gestures in an 18-minute
+[33.560 --> 40.960]  talk, that's almost the double and this fact completely shocked me and made me think,
+[40.960 --> 47.600]  why are hand gestures so important and what are the most popular hand gestures?
+[47.600 --> 53.300]  I also thought of how can everyone use their hand gestures to deliver an effective
+[53.300 --> 60.420]  talk. So what I did is I observed some well-known public speakers and then created a list of
+[60.420 --> 67.700]  top six hand gestures that can help you deliver an influential public speech. So this is Michelle
+[67.700 --> 73.300]  and you're watching me on Skillopedia, the place to learn skills for the real world. So let's begin
+[73.300 --> 77.540]  with the first gesture.
+[77.540 --> 87.300]  So the first gesture that I'm going to talk about today is, hmm, hmm, hmm. Well, do you think,
+[87.300 --> 95.380]  can you guess what I mean here? I mean listing. The easiest and most basic hand gesture is listing.
+[96.180 --> 102.980]  Anytime you say a number, you can list it with your hand. This adds movement and warmth to your
+[102.980 --> 109.460]  body language and also attracts the listeners attention. So let's see an example of how you can use
+[110.020 --> 115.780]  this gesture in your speech. So imagine that you're delivering a speech on why and how to deliver
+[115.780 --> 121.780]  a good public speech. For this you can say, one, you need the skill of controlling anxiety.
+[122.580 --> 128.500]  Second, you need the skill of creating good PowerPoint presentations and third, the skill of
+[128.500 --> 136.340]  maintaining eye contact and fourth, the list, the art of telling stories and lastly using humor.
+[137.220 --> 143.220]  So what you just noticed is I used my hand to draw your attention. So the next time you're adding
+[143.220 --> 148.100]  any numbers in your presentation, make sure that you use your hands to do the list.
+[148.500 --> 161.540]  The next useful gesture is to show the level of something. So this is a really easy one and can
+[161.540 --> 167.780]  be used literally to show someone what level something is. For example, if something is high or if
+[167.780 --> 173.780]  something is low, you can use this to indicate how big or small something is or where someone stands.
+[174.340 --> 180.260]  Let's look at an example. You can use the high version like this for saying something like,
+[180.260 --> 187.700]  it's a pretty big deal or you can use the lower version by saying, it's a matter of least importance.
+[187.700 --> 194.100]  So it's a pretty big deal and it's a matter of least importance. Not only that, you can use this
+[194.100 --> 200.100]  as an alternative to listing as you talk about different stages. For example, you could say in a
+[200.100 --> 206.100]  speech, we start with the introduction, then move on to the structure and we end with the
+[206.100 --> 212.260]  conclusion. So here I've used my hand to show the level or the structure of something.
+[217.860 --> 224.820]  And next up is the very popular hand gesture which is pointing gesture. So you didn't expect
+[224.820 --> 230.820]  this to be on the list and you might be confused that is it positive or negative. Well, I would say
+[230.820 --> 236.180]  that this one should be used with caution because normally people don't like to be pointed at.
+[236.180 --> 241.860]  It can seem as if you're accusing them. However, you can point to get someone's attention or
+[241.860 --> 248.660]  literally to make a point. For example, this gesture goes very well along with saying something like,
+[248.980 --> 255.780]  you know, I just remembered something important or you could say, this one's important or you could
+[255.780 --> 263.060]  use pointing when you want to say, let me tell you something. All right. So here we looked at, we've
+[263.060 --> 266.740]  looked at three hand gestures and now we're going to look at the fourth one.
+[266.900 --> 279.540]  So the next hand gesture is this and that. Whenever you want to separate two different ideas or
+[279.540 --> 284.820]  things that you're saying, you can use your hands to represent that. For example, I might say,
+[285.540 --> 292.020]  we are totally different from them using my left hand when I say we and my right hand when I say
+[292.740 --> 298.340]  this is a great way to put distance between two things and show that these are two separate
+[298.340 --> 304.740]  things or two separate ideas. So once again, you could say, you are totally different from them.
+[306.340 --> 311.940]  Also, you can use this gesture to show a change. It can be used along with this example.
+[312.660 --> 320.740]  It really changed my mind from positive to negative. Or you could say, I stopped doing hard work
+[320.740 --> 329.460]  after I learned about smart work. So just like listing whenever you're contrasting different ideas,
+[329.460 --> 335.460]  use your hands to show it. This is a powerful persuasion technique, which means it can persuade your
+[335.460 --> 340.820]  audience to believe what you're saying is right or to convince them of your opinion. So this can
+[340.820 --> 346.980]  go well with this and that or when you're talking about two different places here and there or
+[346.980 --> 354.100]  about the size, big and small. I believe you've got the idea of how to use this hand gesture to
+[354.100 --> 365.060]  separate two different things. Now, to build on my previous point about engaging the audience,
+[365.060 --> 370.900]  so you use your hands to engage the audience, you can also use some prompting gestures. So you might
+[370.900 --> 375.540]  wonder what are prompting gestures. So these are those gestures that when you ask audience to do
+[375.540 --> 380.740]  something, you do it along with them. So if you ask your listeners to raise their hand, you raise
+[380.740 --> 386.260]  it along with them. Or if you ask them to clap or perform any other action, you do it with them.
+[386.260 --> 391.940]  So this is the reason you need to do this is to get them more engaged in your talk. For example,
+[391.940 --> 398.340]  you might say raise your hand if you want to earn million dollar this year. So when you say this,
+[398.340 --> 402.980]  you should first raise your hand because people and your audience will follow you.
+[403.780 --> 408.660]  This is because your audience is more likely to do it if they see you doing it. But if you don't
+[408.660 --> 413.860]  do it, there's a high possibility that they won't do it. So if you think you and your audience are
+[413.860 --> 418.740]  super enthusiastic, you could even ask them to jump up and down on the spot if they want to earn
+[418.740 --> 425.380]  a million dollars this year. But as I mentioned earlier, if you want them to perform any specific action,
+[425.380 --> 436.740]  you must do it with them first. So when it comes down to using gestures effectively,
+[436.740 --> 442.340]  I guess the rule is if the gestures are supporting what you are saying, then they're probably going
+[442.340 --> 447.940]  to be great. And if they take you away from what you are saying, like probably you're scratching
+[447.940 --> 453.540]  your face or are trusting your clothes or playing with your ring or probably you know,
+[453.540 --> 459.860]  clasping your hands, then they're probably taking away from your presentation and not really adding.
+[460.420 --> 465.540]  So at the end of the day, it comes down to preparation and practice. And with gestures, the most
+[465.540 --> 471.540]  important thing is to be natural. So don't really try and force yourself if you don't feel natural.
+[471.540 --> 475.460]  If it is flowing like it does in everyday conversations with your friends and family,
+[475.460 --> 480.740]  then it's a good sign and you should go ahead with using those gestures. So you need to find out
+[480.740 --> 486.100]  which one of these gestures are you comfortable with, which one of these gestures would you like to
+[486.100 --> 492.020]  involve in your presentation? Because not all gestures can be used by everybody. So pick up your
+[492.020 --> 497.780]  top three and leave them in the comments so I can find out which hand gestures would you like to use
+[497.780 --> 503.460]  to deliver an effective speech. So thank you so much for staying with me. I hope this session has
+[503.460 --> 508.500]  been helpful for you. And next time when you're delivering your speech, you will not stand with your
+[508.500 --> 515.540]  hands like this, like this or like this. It's a good idea to use this powerful tool to deliver
+[515.540 --> 520.980]  an effective speech. So thank you so much for staying with me. See you soon in another session. Bye.

transcript/workshop_8KKzYX5V7yY.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,1586 @@
+[0.000 --> 2.000]  you
+[30.000 --> 32.000]  you
+[60.000 --> 62.000]  you
+[90.000 --> 92.000]  you
+[120.000 --> 122.000]  you
+[150.320 --> 173.000]  I'm doing my first jampron
+[174.500 --> 177.500]  team
+[177.500 --> 183.820]  for Texas, Russia, Colorado, Mexico, oh my goodness.
+[183.820 --> 186.420]  This is the best thing about Mind Valley community
+[186.420 --> 189.100]  where everywhere in the world.
+[189.100 --> 192.420]  And I'm right now joining you guys from Kuala Lumpur.
+[192.420 --> 196.820]  So it's 6.30 a.m. Linda, what about you?
+[196.820 --> 197.820]  Yes.
+[197.820 --> 199.380]  Yes, yes, yes, yes.
+[199.380 --> 200.060]  I'm excited.
+[200.060 --> 200.740]  I'm excited.
+[200.740 --> 201.460]  Look at them.
+[201.460 --> 203.100]  Come on in the babies.
+[203.100 --> 204.580]  Come on in the room.
+[204.580 --> 205.460]  Come on in.
+[205.460 --> 206.580]  Yes.
+[206.580 --> 209.700]  Oh my God, you guys are up for such a treat.
+[209.700 --> 211.060]  I cannot wait.
+[211.060 --> 213.420]  I cannot wait to start.
+[213.420 --> 217.540]  As people are joining in, I want to say, yes, happy.
+[217.540 --> 219.060]  Love week guys.
+[219.060 --> 220.780]  It was the Valentine's Day.
+[220.780 --> 223.420]  And this is a love week we're celebrating, love.
+[223.420 --> 227.580]  And who doesn't want to learn the art of seduction
+[227.580 --> 229.940]  and flirting and dating?
+[229.940 --> 233.500]  And today we have Linda.
+[233.500 --> 235.500]  Who's going to teach us?
+[235.500 --> 238.260]  Oh my goodness, all the juices stuff
+[238.260 --> 243.020]  about how to activate that inner seductress
+[243.020 --> 246.380]  and tap into our centrality charisma
+[246.380 --> 252.300]  and learn the art of flirting again and again.
+[252.300 --> 256.260]  So I'm going to introduce you guys.
+[256.260 --> 258.420]  I mean, she is way too talented.
+[258.420 --> 261.260]  So in a few sentences, probably I will fail
+[261.260 --> 264.780]  to share with you the magic that she has.
+[264.780 --> 267.980]  But Linda Clemens' award-winning body language
+[267.980 --> 270.740]  are a nonverbal communication expert
+[270.740 --> 274.540]  with over four decades of experience
+[274.540 --> 276.900]  in coaching female entrepreneurs,
+[276.900 --> 279.980]  professionals, celebrities, and politicians.
+[279.980 --> 282.380]  Her international coaching and speaking career
+[282.380 --> 285.900]  has seen her up with thousands of women
+[285.900 --> 289.740]  while sharing stage with people like President Obama,
+[289.740 --> 292.700]  all from Winfrey, oh my goodness.
+[292.700 --> 298.100]  And what I love about her and she mentions a lot, right?
+[298.100 --> 301.420]  Even though she has been a corporate trainer,
+[301.420 --> 304.220]  she was training on sales and leadership.
+[304.220 --> 307.700]  But I love what she says after every workshop,
+[307.700 --> 310.980]  women would approach and ask about dating
+[310.980 --> 315.740]  and that juicy part of being a woman.
+[315.740 --> 318.820]  So without further ado, I don't want
+[318.820 --> 321.420]  to take even a minute from this workshop
+[321.420 --> 325.860]  so that you guys can experience this amazing workshop.
+[325.860 --> 330.100]  You can also drop in the chat, why are you here today?
+[330.100 --> 332.900]  What brought you today?
+[332.900 --> 337.700]  I also want to mention very quickly that we'll have a Q&A.
+[337.700 --> 341.540]  So you will see in the menu down below,
+[341.540 --> 343.500]  there's a part for Q&A.
+[343.500 --> 347.420]  So I invite you to add your questions to the Q&A
+[347.420 --> 350.300]  and vote for the questions that you like
+[350.300 --> 355.300]  because in the end we'll have also part for the Q&A.
+[356.180 --> 357.580]  And if you stay till the end,
+[357.580 --> 359.380]  we also have something good for you.
+[359.380 --> 363.380]  So with that being said, without further ado,
+[364.380 --> 368.380]  we are welcoming one and only Linda Clemens.
+[369.460 --> 372.860]  Thank you so much to all of my lovely,
+[372.860 --> 374.260]  all my climate times.
+[374.260 --> 377.140]  I've just named them my climate times out there.
+[377.140 --> 379.740]  Thank you so much for joining me today.
+[379.740 --> 381.100]  I'm so excited.
+[381.100 --> 383.020]  Sierra, thank you for the introduction.
+[383.020 --> 384.820]  This is love week, you know?
+[384.820 --> 387.500]  But for me, I think it's one of my favorite songs
+[387.500 --> 389.460]  from Rihanna's Love on the Brain.
+[389.460 --> 391.620]  I've got Love on the Brain on the mind
+[391.620 --> 393.660]  and on the heart all the time.
+[393.660 --> 395.980]  So again, thank you so much.
+[395.980 --> 396.820]  I love you.
+[396.820 --> 399.460]  You're from Brazil, Hungary, United States.
+[399.460 --> 400.420]  I'm so excited.
+[400.420 --> 402.100]  London, everywhere.
+[402.100 --> 406.100]  Thank you for being here and no matter what time zone you're in.
+[406.100 --> 408.900]  Love is available 24 hours a day.
+[408.900 --> 410.940]  So again, thank you now.
+[410.940 --> 415.060]  I'm excited to be one of the authors at Mind Valley.
+[415.060 --> 416.860]  And I'm excited about my quest
+[416.860 --> 418.940]  and to be able to have the opportunity
+[418.940 --> 420.980]  to give you a little sneak peek.
+[420.980 --> 423.380]  If you are a woman out there
+[423.380 --> 427.900]  who is trying to unlock your inner seductress
+[427.900 --> 431.340]  to bring out the feminine power that you can do
+[431.340 --> 436.340]  to slay in the boardroom and slay in the bedroom
+[437.060 --> 439.980]  this time and this moment is for you
+[439.980 --> 442.660]  and this quest is for you.
+[442.660 --> 443.500]  You're gonna love it.
+[443.500 --> 445.020]  And here's what I want you to do.
+[446.060 --> 449.300]  Promise me, you have fun.
+[449.300 --> 450.780]  You'll be open to everything.
+[450.780 --> 452.540]  You know, the late Dr. Wayne Dyer
+[452.540 --> 455.140]  says, be open to everything,
+[455.140 --> 457.420]  but attach to nothing.
+[457.420 --> 459.220]  Open for the possibilities.
+[459.220 --> 463.260]  Open for new things that can enhance your personal life,
+[463.260 --> 464.860]  enhance your love life,
+[464.860 --> 469.860]  not just help you become a great human being.
+[469.940 --> 472.900]  I want you to walk away from this session
+[472.900 --> 477.420]  and to join my quest to become a great human becoming.
+[477.420 --> 478.660]  That's what I want.
+[478.660 --> 480.660]  So my name is Linda Clements again.
+[480.660 --> 483.300]  I'm from Indiana in the here in the United States
+[483.300 --> 484.660]  in the Napa, Indiana.
+[484.660 --> 486.660]  And I travel around the world,
+[486.660 --> 488.420]  specialize in two expertise,
+[488.420 --> 489.620]  sales expert,
+[489.620 --> 492.700]  but most importantly for you here right now
+[492.700 --> 496.140]  and this moment as a world class body language expert.
+[496.140 --> 497.820]  And here's what that means.
+[497.820 --> 501.140]  I hear the inaudible and I see the invisible.
+[501.140 --> 504.180]  So I hear what it is that you may be thinking.
+[504.180 --> 506.420]  I see what it is that you may be thinking
+[506.420 --> 508.700]  because the unspoken word,
+[508.700 --> 511.500]  the nonverbal is our first language.
+[511.500 --> 513.940]  And the reason why I'm so excited about this moment
+[513.940 --> 514.860]  in my quest,
+[514.860 --> 518.460]  you have at least 10 different sessions with me over 10 days.
+[518.460 --> 522.580]  And it's what I call bite size, nibble, bite size,
+[522.580 --> 526.900]  moments that you can learn and run away with and apply.
+[526.900 --> 529.100]  And what I decided to do, I said, my gosh,
+[529.100 --> 530.780]  should I teach them about connecting
+[530.780 --> 532.060]  with their inner vixen,
+[532.060 --> 535.700]  should I teach them about how to create their love potion,
+[535.700 --> 539.380]  should I teach them about those hot nonverbal cues
+[539.380 --> 542.620]  and moves that you can do to have the person
+[542.620 --> 545.100]  of your desire totally into you.
+[545.100 --> 549.300]  Should I teach them about loving arms and embracing hands,
+[549.300 --> 550.500]  should I teach them about that?
+[550.500 --> 552.260]  So all the things that I wanted to teach,
+[552.260 --> 553.540]  this is my goodness.
+[553.540 --> 555.740]  I don't have to do it right now.
+[555.740 --> 559.860]  My glimitize, you will come into the quest
+[559.860 --> 561.540]  and learn all the things that you need to learn.
+[561.540 --> 563.100]  And here's what I'm asking you to do.
+[564.220 --> 567.060]  When you do, you're gonna fill it,
+[567.060 --> 569.020]  you're gonna experience it.
+[569.020 --> 571.260]  And it's gonna leave you just sizzling
+[571.260 --> 572.860]  and you will radiate.
+[572.860 --> 574.980]  And I'm gonna teach you that girlfriend,
+[574.980 --> 576.980]  we gonna be friends for a long, long time.
+[576.980 --> 580.540]  And promise me this, if by chance,
+[580.540 --> 584.260]  you try this on someone and you find the individual,
+[584.260 --> 586.460]  the person of your dreams.
+[586.460 --> 588.660]  I want you to invite my niece and I,
+[588.660 --> 591.100]  my assistant, Mikaela to your wedding,
+[591.100 --> 592.380]  we wanna go to your wedding,
+[592.380 --> 594.100]  even if we have to do it virtually,
+[594.100 --> 597.580]  or if you can't do that, that once you find that person,
+[599.060 --> 600.860]  name the first born after me.
+[600.860 --> 603.900]  Actually, I just had to get it in.
+[603.900 --> 605.220]  I just had to get it in, you guys.
+[605.220 --> 606.500]  I just had to get it in.
+[606.500 --> 608.060]  So here's the deal.
+[608.060 --> 610.860]  I decided to teach you, you know,
+[610.860 --> 614.020]  one of the tracks in my quest is,
+[614.020 --> 616.580]  I seduction, I power.
+[616.580 --> 618.900]  So everyone write that down, I power.
+[618.900 --> 621.700]  The eyes are so important.
+[621.700 --> 624.140]  It is the thing that we use to make the connection
+[624.140 --> 625.540]  with another human being.
+[625.540 --> 627.380]  It's the one feature that we use
+[627.380 --> 629.180]  to be able to let the world know,
+[629.180 --> 630.660]  are you walking in the room?
+[630.660 --> 632.740]  I'm here, I am present.
+[632.740 --> 634.900]  So write this down, I power.
+[634.900 --> 636.780]  Start thinking about all your questions
+[636.780 --> 637.940]  and we're gonna have some fun.
+[637.940 --> 639.380]  Now, I have a disclaimer.
+[640.540 --> 641.580]  Yeah, I do.
+[641.580 --> 642.860]  I have a disclaimer.
+[642.860 --> 644.580]  And this disclaimer is,
+[644.580 --> 646.700]  what you learn here today,
+[648.140 --> 652.340]  to practice this with respect, honor,
+[652.340 --> 653.380]  and with great caution.
+[653.380 --> 656.260]  Gonna tell you something that happened to a friend of mine
+[656.260 --> 659.380]  that took the quest, I've known her for years.
+[659.380 --> 662.580]  She took the quest and she started practicing
+[662.580 --> 665.060]  the eye power and the eye seduction.
+[665.060 --> 668.740]  The reason why I want you to proceed with caution,
+[668.740 --> 672.020]  because if you use some of the strategies
+[672.020 --> 673.940]  and the tactics that I share with you,
+[673.940 --> 678.500]  say for example, if you were in a room full of eligible men
+[678.500 --> 681.140]  and you get up and do a presentation
+[681.140 --> 684.780]  and all of a sudden you do the power scan, Virginia,
+[684.780 --> 687.980]  if you do the power scan and you scan the room,
+[687.980 --> 689.540]  the next thing you know,
+[689.540 --> 694.380]  you will have a lot of men coming to you and saying to you,
+[694.380 --> 695.780]  I connected with you.
+[696.820 --> 699.180]  I saw that look in your eye.
+[699.180 --> 701.460]  I know you were talking to me
+[701.460 --> 702.980]  because it's just that powerful.
+[702.980 --> 705.300]  So my friend, she did this.
+[705.300 --> 707.620]  Next thing you know, she was having a date on Monday night,
+[707.620 --> 708.740]  Tuesday night, Wednesday night.
+[708.740 --> 709.380]  She said to me,
+[709.380 --> 712.580]  Linda, about five men came to me right after
+[712.580 --> 714.980]  when I did my session and did my presentation.
+[714.980 --> 716.340]  Five guys came up to me.
+[716.340 --> 717.620]  They all wanted to take me out.
+[717.620 --> 718.460]  And I said, honey,
+[718.460 --> 720.060]  you should have withed in a half a visit.
+[720.060 --> 721.420]  You should have went and did an extra wink
+[721.420 --> 722.420]  and get one more.
+[722.420 --> 725.060]  So what happened was that the moment that she
+[725.060 --> 726.780]  start scanning the room
+[726.780 --> 728.220]  and as a body language expert,
+[728.220 --> 729.820]  when I say scan the room,
+[729.820 --> 732.060]  it's when you walk into the room,
+[732.060 --> 733.820]  you enter the door,
+[733.820 --> 737.540]  you stop, you pause and you scan the room.
+[737.540 --> 738.500]  We do it.
+[738.500 --> 740.340]  So practice at scanning the room.
+[740.340 --> 743.420]  Come on now, just practice scanning the room.
+[743.420 --> 745.300]  Recording in progress.
+[745.300 --> 747.740]  And when you scan the room,
+[747.740 --> 750.260]  what you're doing is you're assessing,
+[750.260 --> 751.620]  you're looking around,
+[751.620 --> 754.780]  you're trying to make sure that you catch someone's eyes.
+[754.780 --> 755.940]  And of course,
+[755.940 --> 758.220]  we do that when we're in networking events
+[758.220 --> 760.540]  to make sure we know the people that are in the room.
+[760.540 --> 762.540]  So when I say I scan,
+[762.540 --> 765.060]  that's what I mean when you're scanning the room.
+[765.060 --> 768.340]  So before we get started with I-seduction,
+[768.340 --> 771.620]  I want you to put together your eye compass.
+[771.620 --> 772.540]  So your eye compass,
+[772.540 --> 775.220]  think about North, South, East and West.
+[775.220 --> 776.300]  Okay, think about that.
+[776.300 --> 777.900]  So everyone write this down.
+[777.900 --> 779.460]  My eye compass,
+[779.460 --> 781.460]  C-O-M-P-A-S-S,
+[781.460 --> 782.820]  I'm from Indiana, honey.
+[782.820 --> 784.900]  You may hear my Hoosier accent, all right?
+[784.900 --> 786.300]  So eye compass.
+[786.300 --> 787.900]  So here's what I want you to do.
+[787.900 --> 789.340]  Keep your head level.
+[789.340 --> 790.660]  That's the first stop.
+[790.660 --> 792.540]  Cause I'm gonna give you a lot of goodies here.
+[792.540 --> 794.300]  You're gonna have to hold on.
+[794.300 --> 795.380]  You've got a good stuff.
+[796.180 --> 797.220]  So keep the head level.
+[797.220 --> 799.220]  So when you hear me say level head,
+[799.220 --> 800.140]  that's a level head.
+[800.140 --> 801.780]  When I say head tilt,
+[801.780 --> 803.620]  you tilt, that's the head tilt.
+[803.620 --> 805.340]  So we're gonna start with a level head
+[805.340 --> 807.660]  and we're gonna create the eye compass.
+[807.660 --> 809.700]  So I want you to look up towards the North.
+[809.700 --> 810.540]  Look up.
+[810.540 --> 811.380]  So you notice that?
+[811.380 --> 812.340]  Look up.
+[812.340 --> 813.180]  Everybody practice.
+[813.180 --> 814.100]  Look up.
+[814.100 --> 815.460]  Michaela, you practice too.
+[815.460 --> 816.300]  Look up.
+[816.300 --> 817.540]  How many of you are out there practicing?
+[817.540 --> 818.620]  Are you practicing?
+[818.620 --> 819.300]  I gotta feel you.
+[819.300 --> 820.220]  Tell me in the chat.
+[820.220 --> 821.380]  Say Linda, I'm practicing.
+[821.380 --> 822.300]  I'm practicing.
+[822.300 --> 823.820]  Somebody tell me you're practicing.
+[823.820 --> 824.660]  Okay?
+[824.660 --> 825.500]  Yes, yes, yes.
+[825.500 --> 826.740]  Jolana, yes, yes, yes.
+[826.740 --> 827.580]  Practice.
+[827.580 --> 828.420]  Practice.
+[828.420 --> 829.260]  Come on, girl.
+[829.260 --> 830.100]  Come on now.
+[830.100 --> 830.740]  All right, all right.
+[830.740 --> 831.980]  So look up.
+[831.980 --> 832.980]  Look up.
+[832.980 --> 833.980]  Look up.
+[833.980 --> 834.660]  Look up.
+[834.660 --> 835.860]  Now that's up.
+[835.860 --> 837.780]  We're gonna call that eye North.
+[837.780 --> 839.260]  Now let's go eye south.
+[839.260 --> 840.100]  Eye south.
+[840.100 --> 840.820]  Look down.
+[841.820 --> 843.340]  Look down.
+[843.340 --> 844.180]  Look down.
+[844.180 --> 845.020]  Okay?
+[845.020 --> 845.860]  Very important.
+[845.860 --> 847.620]  Now the west would be to my left
+[847.620 --> 849.340]  and the east would be to my right.
+[849.340 --> 850.660]  Yet you know what it is for you.
+[850.660 --> 852.260]  So we look up.
+[852.260 --> 853.220]  We look down.
+[853.220 --> 856.980]  Let's look to the west side, to the east, to the side.
+[856.980 --> 858.060]  Practice that.
+[858.060 --> 862.100]  Up, down, side, side, up, down, side, side.
+[862.100 --> 864.180]  Now watch when I do it,
+[864.180 --> 866.940]  not in the seductive or flirting way.
+[866.940 --> 869.540]  Let's say that I'm in a meeting
+[869.540 --> 871.580]  and let's say you're having a business meeting
+[871.580 --> 873.740]  and someone says something.
+[873.740 --> 875.700]  Jose, someone said something.
+[875.700 --> 877.980]  Josie, someone said something, Regina,
+[877.980 --> 882.100]  that got on your last nerve and you did this.
+[882.100 --> 885.100]  Oh, no, no, no, no.
+[885.100 --> 889.780]  It doesn't work in eye seduction and eye power
+[889.780 --> 893.940]  if you are trying to draw in that person of your desire.
+[893.940 --> 897.700]  When you do it like this, it becomes eye dismissal.
+[897.700 --> 899.940]  It's like, talk to the hand.
+[899.940 --> 903.780]  But when you do eye north like this, I self.
+[903.780 --> 904.780]  Okay?
+[904.780 --> 907.220]  To the left, to the right.
+[907.220 --> 908.300]  Practice.
+[908.300 --> 911.860]  Up, down, left.
+[911.860 --> 912.700]  Right.
+[912.700 --> 913.540]  Now watch this.
+[913.540 --> 915.260]  We just did it with love on hand.
+[915.260 --> 916.100]  Don't you love it?
+[916.100 --> 917.100]  Are you with me, Julie?
+[917.100 --> 918.140]  Thank you, Julie.
+[918.140 --> 918.980]  Julie's with me.
+[918.980 --> 919.940]  Are you guys with me?
+[919.940 --> 920.820]  I love it, Regina.
+[920.820 --> 921.620]  Come on, honey.
+[921.620 --> 922.660]  I know you all are there.
+[922.660 --> 923.580]  Come on.
+[923.580 --> 925.100]  Name that first born after me.
+[925.100 --> 926.860]  Send my invitation to the wedding.
+[926.860 --> 928.980]  Michaela, get the outfit ready.
+[928.980 --> 930.660]  So, okay, this is our eye compass.
+[930.660 --> 931.940]  So remember what Linda said.
+[931.940 --> 935.660]  I up, I down, to the east, to the west.
+[935.660 --> 939.260]  I up, I down, to the east, to the west.
+[939.260 --> 940.940]  Now, here's what I want you to do.
+[940.940 --> 945.300]  The most powerful thing that you can do when you are dating
+[945.300 --> 948.540]  and you are having that connection, it is very important.
+[948.540 --> 952.180]  And you meet someone is using the upper carriage,
+[952.180 --> 956.980]  the power of the lean, L-E-A-N.
+[956.980 --> 961.540]  And that's leaning in, L-E-A-N.
+[961.540 --> 962.380]  Okay.
+[962.380 --> 966.140]  I just said to everybody, it needs to be a grandchild.
+[966.140 --> 967.100]  Okay, baby.
+[967.100 --> 967.940]  It can be a grandchild.
+[967.940 --> 969.340]  It needs a grandchild after me.
+[969.340 --> 971.540]  Because you've been busy already with the love tips.
+[971.540 --> 972.380]  Okay.
+[972.380 --> 977.100]  So the lean, L-E-A-N, and here's what I want to call it.
+[978.180 --> 982.060]  If I was doing another case and working under cover,
+[982.060 --> 983.660]  I'm training analytical interviewing,
+[983.660 --> 985.820]  which is a nice word for interrogation.
+[985.820 --> 988.340]  But if I was working a case or working doing something,
+[988.340 --> 991.340]  say with the FBI audience or things of that sort,
+[991.340 --> 993.380]  I would call it a line lean.
+[993.380 --> 994.620]  That's a different thing.
+[994.620 --> 997.220]  If someone is being deceptive, oh my gosh.
+[997.220 --> 1000.620]  If you ever tend one of those juicy sessions that I do.
+[1000.620 --> 1001.540]  Oh, honey.
+[1001.540 --> 1005.980]  But this time, because we're talking about seduction,
+[1005.980 --> 1010.980]  I power, we're gonna call it the loving lean.
+[1011.060 --> 1012.780]  Someone type it in the chat for me.
+[1012.780 --> 1016.180]  The loving lean, loving lean.
+[1016.180 --> 1017.780]  So that I know that you're there typing in the chat.
+[1017.780 --> 1018.900]  Somebody help me out.
+[1018.900 --> 1020.100]  Come on, be my scribe.
+[1020.100 --> 1021.780]  That's it, the loving lean.
+[1021.780 --> 1023.300]  And the loving lean goes like this.
+[1023.300 --> 1025.300]  So just pretend, pretend.
+[1025.300 --> 1026.660]  I'm gonna make up a name here.
+[1026.660 --> 1031.020]  Pretend that I'm having my first time date with Luigi.
+[1031.020 --> 1032.780]  That's just the name that I'm picking out.
+[1032.780 --> 1034.020]  And there's something about him
+[1034.020 --> 1036.020]  that I really like that's charming.
+[1036.020 --> 1037.220]  Would I lean back?
+[1037.220 --> 1039.700]  So tell me, Luigi, tell me about yourself.
+[1039.700 --> 1042.420]  Or would I lean forward of my loving lean?
+[1042.420 --> 1045.340]  So Luigi, tell me about yourself.
+[1045.340 --> 1046.500]  It's something that I just did.
+[1046.500 --> 1048.060]  So you're leaning in.
+[1048.060 --> 1051.180]  We have the tendency and it's primitive
+[1051.180 --> 1054.380]  to lean towards things that we like,
+[1054.380 --> 1057.620]  have an interest in, are curious about.
+[1057.620 --> 1058.900]  We lean towards that.
+[1058.900 --> 1060.140]  That's what's so important.
+[1060.140 --> 1063.500]  And that's the thing that's on our mind at the time.
+[1063.500 --> 1065.180]  So it's the most important thing
+[1065.180 --> 1066.860]  when you see someone do the lean,
+[1066.860 --> 1068.300]  when you're talking to someone.
+[1068.300 --> 1069.580]  And maybe they're whispering.
+[1069.580 --> 1071.140]  And you want them to come in closer.
+[1071.140 --> 1072.580]  You may do a low whisper.
+[1072.580 --> 1073.940]  And they'll say, tell me what you're saying.
+[1073.940 --> 1075.580]  I mean, can you repeat it up, speak up?
+[1075.580 --> 1077.780]  Because they're leaning into hear you.
+[1077.780 --> 1080.780]  And it's the most important thing at that moment.
+[1080.780 --> 1082.780]  So we call that the loving lean.
+[1082.780 --> 1084.780]  So when you've made that connection
+[1084.780 --> 1086.340]  and you're looking in his eyes
+[1086.340 --> 1088.100]  and you're making that connection
+[1088.100 --> 1090.420]  and you lean for it's that loving lean.
+[1090.420 --> 1092.340]  Now the lean doesn't go like this.
+[1092.340 --> 1093.420]  Okay, tell me what you're saying.
+[1093.420 --> 1096.660]  No, you just, you're just to scare them.
+[1096.660 --> 1099.020]  What's how I do this loving lean?
+[1099.020 --> 1101.420]  Okay, someone, okay, someone said Luigi
+[1101.420 --> 1102.740]  sounds like a horny name.
+[1102.740 --> 1106.620]  It doesn't only do you, it could be at Wano.
+[1106.620 --> 1108.140]  It could be Jenzel.
+[1108.140 --> 1109.260]  It could be Kevin.
+[1109.260 --> 1111.100]  Okay, come on, come on.
+[1111.100 --> 1112.100]  So I'm leaning in.
+[1112.100 --> 1112.940]  All right.
+[1112.940 --> 1115.300]  So with the eye power, it's so very important.
+[1115.300 --> 1117.740]  So understanding your compass, if you will.
+[1117.740 --> 1119.340]  Looking up, looking down,
+[1119.340 --> 1120.740]  have into the right.
+[1120.740 --> 1123.620]  Now the reason why you do this
+[1123.620 --> 1125.980]  because the eyes are very, very important.
+[1125.980 --> 1127.820]  It's the thing that you make the first connection
+[1127.820 --> 1131.060]  here in the United States, here in the US.
+[1131.060 --> 1133.860]  Eye contact, specifically when you're doing business,
+[1133.860 --> 1138.860]  is acceptable and expected anywhere from 65 to 70% of the time
+[1139.860 --> 1143.140]  because here in the United States, in the business realm,
+[1143.140 --> 1146.500]  if someone doesn't demonstrate eye contact,
+[1146.500 --> 1148.540]  then in the business sense, you sometimes feel
+[1148.540 --> 1150.540]  that maybe they're not being authentic
+[1150.540 --> 1151.900]  or truthful, what have you.
+[1151.900 --> 1155.220]  Different parts of the world, the culture is different.
+[1155.220 --> 1157.340]  In Japanese culture, Asian cultures,
+[1157.340 --> 1161.020]  it may be disrespectful to look directly in the eye
+[1161.020 --> 1164.780]  where they may look at the super-sternal notch in business,
+[1164.780 --> 1169.260]  but we're talking about eye power and eye seduction.
+[1169.260 --> 1172.700]  So it's very, very important that you capture that eye contact.
+[1172.700 --> 1176.300]  Now, we're gonna do a little thing called eye flirt, okay?
+[1176.300 --> 1177.140]  Write this down.
+[1177.140 --> 1180.580]  Somebody write it down, put it in a chat, put it in a chat,
+[1180.580 --> 1182.740]  put it in the chat, okay?
+[1182.740 --> 1184.380]  We're gonna talk about eye flirt.
+[1184.380 --> 1186.740]  Eye flirt is this so that let's just say,
+[1186.740 --> 1188.700]  girlfriends, we're all going out together.
+[1188.700 --> 1189.820]  Come on, we're all gonna go out together
+[1189.820 --> 1192.300]  no matter where you're on the world, meet me at the place.
+[1192.300 --> 1193.740]  Meet me at the place that's hopping.
+[1193.740 --> 1196.260]  So I have a huge global table world.
+[1196.260 --> 1197.780]  All there, we're having a good time.
+[1197.780 --> 1199.140]  You're ordering your favorite drink.
+[1199.140 --> 1201.340]  I'm ordering my little bottle of water,
+[1201.340 --> 1203.980]  I'm doing, you know, with a little limit in their line.
+[1203.980 --> 1207.060]  So I'm sitting there and then all of a sudden,
+[1208.700 --> 1210.380]  someone else at the table is talking,
+[1210.380 --> 1212.140]  and the gentleman comes by and he says,
+[1212.140 --> 1213.860]  can I join you, ladies?
+[1213.860 --> 1216.020]  And we all go absolutely.
+[1216.020 --> 1218.220]  So next thing, you know, there's a conversation
+[1218.220 --> 1219.300]  that's taken place.
+[1219.300 --> 1223.140]  So let's just say, for example, that EV is talking.
+[1223.140 --> 1224.940]  EV is talking at the table.
+[1224.940 --> 1227.980]  So normally the person that's talking at the table,
+[1227.980 --> 1230.460]  all eyes are on that person.
+[1230.460 --> 1233.620]  But let's say that the gentleman that joined us at the table,
+[1233.620 --> 1236.100]  here's what happens, I'm gonna do an eye flirt.
+[1236.100 --> 1238.820]  So let's say EV is talking, everybody's looking at EV,
+[1238.820 --> 1242.500]  EV is telling a story, but as EV is talking,
+[1242.500 --> 1244.300]  I'm looking at the gentleman.
+[1244.300 --> 1246.980]  Every time EV says a word, I'm look back at him
+[1246.980 --> 1248.500]  then I look back at EV.
+[1248.500 --> 1250.740]  I look back at him, back at EV.
+[1250.740 --> 1253.940]  Why am I looking at him because I'm eye flirty,
+[1253.940 --> 1256.620]  also call the I dance.
+[1256.620 --> 1258.380]  Come play with me.
+[1258.380 --> 1259.900]  Come play with me.
+[1259.900 --> 1261.420]  And that's the I flirt.
+[1261.420 --> 1262.460]  Isn't that fun?
+[1262.460 --> 1266.860]  But the way you do it because a tactic known is a tactic blown.
+[1266.860 --> 1269.460]  So when you are giving that eye contact
+[1269.460 --> 1271.180]  and then the table breaks up,
+[1271.180 --> 1273.340]  the next thing you know, he approaches you and says,
+[1273.340 --> 1276.300]  Hey, you know, and maybe it's me.
+[1276.300 --> 1277.940]  Did you kind of like feel something?
+[1277.940 --> 1279.100]  Yeah, I did.
+[1279.100 --> 1280.300]  Yeah, I did.
+[1280.300 --> 1281.140]  Yeah, I did.
+[1281.140 --> 1282.700]  Notice that when I said, yeah, I did.
+[1282.700 --> 1285.780]  The moment that I said, yeah, I did, eyes went north.
+[1286.980 --> 1290.060]  You know, yeah, you know, the flirt, yeah, I did.
+[1290.060 --> 1292.740]  Then all of a sudden when I got into the spirit
+[1292.740 --> 1296.060]  and the soul of it, the eyes went, yeah, I did.
+[1296.060 --> 1297.820]  Oh my gosh, look at the flirt of the eyes,
+[1297.820 --> 1299.940]  going down north, going down north.
+[1299.940 --> 1302.300]  And then he says, so, you know, do you come here often?
+[1302.300 --> 1305.260]  And man, you, what is that fragrance that you're wearing?
+[1305.260 --> 1308.700]  Oh, oh, oh, oh, Shalala.
+[1308.700 --> 1310.700]  Notice that it goes east or west.
+[1310.700 --> 1312.340]  So the eyes are so important.
+[1312.340 --> 1313.100]  So keep that.
+[1313.100 --> 1314.260]  Make a note.
+[1314.260 --> 1315.100]  Make a note.
+[1315.100 --> 1317.180]  Somebody says, where is this place that we're meeting?
+[1317.180 --> 1319.540]  So we can take a flight and get there soon.
+[1319.540 --> 1321.820]  I love it.
+[1321.820 --> 1325.460]  But so now, so you now we know about our eye compass, right?
+[1325.460 --> 1327.180]  So now all the things we're talking about,
+[1327.180 --> 1329.380]  eye flirty, which is very, very important.
+[1329.380 --> 1332.300]  And the other thing that I want to talk to you about,
+[1332.300 --> 1333.900]  and this is important for work.
+[1333.900 --> 1336.100]  So I'm going to do a little pivot here.
+[1336.100 --> 1338.740]  Very important is the eye triangle.
+[1338.740 --> 1340.380]  Someone write that down for me.
+[1340.380 --> 1343.060]  Eye triangle, eye triangle.
+[1343.060 --> 1345.060]  And I'm going to give you this little exercise.
+[1345.060 --> 1348.420]  Ladies is very important if you are super boss, meaning
+[1348.420 --> 1352.220]  if you are an entrepreneur, are you working corporate America?
+[1352.220 --> 1355.020]  And of course, we're in a diverse culture, diverse corporate
+[1355.020 --> 1355.660]  world.
+[1355.660 --> 1357.940]  But here, this thing is primitive when
+[1357.940 --> 1361.460]  we're dealing with men, when we're dealing with men.
+[1361.460 --> 1363.380]  So if you're in corporate America,
+[1363.380 --> 1367.500]  you have to remember the eye triangle for corporate America.
+[1367.500 --> 1369.140]  So everybody take the hand.
+[1369.140 --> 1371.020]  You know, you can go to a triangle or a pyramid.
+[1371.020 --> 1373.900]  So everyone do this, do this, do this.
+[1373.900 --> 1375.820]  Hey, hey, hey, hey.
+[1375.820 --> 1377.540]  All right, when you do this, take it
+[1377.540 --> 1380.180]  and then the base of the triangle.
+[1380.180 --> 1383.100]  I wanted you to put your two thumbs at the base of your nose.
+[1383.100 --> 1384.460]  OK, everybody see that, right?
+[1384.460 --> 1384.980]  See that?
+[1384.980 --> 1385.300]  See that?
+[1385.300 --> 1387.140]  And we're actually going to see my eyes, right?
+[1387.140 --> 1390.740]  In business, in corporate America.
+[1390.740 --> 1393.420]  And when doing business with men,
+[1393.420 --> 1397.420]  never let your eyes go below the base of the triangle.
+[1397.420 --> 1398.500]  So look what happens.
+[1398.500 --> 1400.100]  So if I'm shaking hands with someone
+[1400.100 --> 1403.100]  or doing the fist bump, depends where you are
+[1403.100 --> 1404.540]  and what's going on in the world.
+[1404.540 --> 1408.220]  If I go like this, well, Kevin, well, John, watch my eyes.
+[1408.220 --> 1408.900]  Watch this.
+[1408.900 --> 1409.820]  I'm going to take away the triangle.
+[1409.820 --> 1410.500]  Watch this.
+[1410.500 --> 1412.940]  You know the triangles right here, the basis right here.
+[1412.940 --> 1417.060]  Well, Kevin, well, John, it's a pleasure to meet you.
+[1417.060 --> 1417.900]  See what I just did.
+[1417.900 --> 1418.900]  Did anybody notice it?
+[1418.900 --> 1420.700]  What did I do?
+[1420.700 --> 1421.540]  What did I do?
+[1421.540 --> 1423.020]  So do you see what happened?
+[1423.020 --> 1424.140]  What kind of signal?
+[1424.140 --> 1425.220]  Please put it in the chat.
+[1425.220 --> 1430.260]  Tell me what signal, if I do that, if I go below the base,
+[1430.260 --> 1433.860]  if I go below the base in corporate America,
+[1433.860 --> 1435.900]  what signal does it send to the man?
+[1435.900 --> 1436.900]  Someone put it in the chat.
+[1436.900 --> 1437.900]  Somebody tell me.
+[1437.900 --> 1439.860]  See, so I go like, it's a pleasure,
+[1439.860 --> 1441.180]  and I'm extending my hand.
+[1441.180 --> 1444.100]  It's a pleasure to meet you, Kevin.
+[1444.100 --> 1444.860]  What just happens?
+[1444.860 --> 1445.540]  What is he going to say?
+[1445.540 --> 1446.220]  Vulnerable.
+[1446.260 --> 1447.180]  But what is he feeling?
+[1447.180 --> 1448.300]  It's not dismissal.
+[1448.300 --> 1449.740]  Dismissal goes up.
+[1450.940 --> 1451.620]  Talk to the hands.
+[1451.620 --> 1452.900]  This missile goes up.
+[1452.900 --> 1454.260]  Watch the eyes again.
+[1454.260 --> 1455.660]  Watch very carefully.
+[1455.660 --> 1457.100]  You don't want to do an corporate America.
+[1457.100 --> 1457.980]  You don't want to do it a bit.
+[1457.980 --> 1458.740]  Watch this.
+[1458.740 --> 1459.740]  I'm looking at Kevin.
+[1459.740 --> 1460.540]  Watch the eyes.
+[1460.540 --> 1461.780]  A hands extended.
+[1461.780 --> 1463.260]  It's a pleasure to meet you, Kevin.
+[1463.260 --> 1464.260]  Watch my eyes.
+[1465.900 --> 1467.580]  Ah, what is that?
+[1467.580 --> 1468.260]  Am I flirting?
+[1468.260 --> 1469.540]  Yes.
+[1469.540 --> 1470.660]  Am I sending a message?
+[1470.660 --> 1471.860]  Yes.
+[1471.860 --> 1473.340]  Let's take, I'm sending a message.
+[1473.340 --> 1475.860]  So then here's what takes place.
+[1475.860 --> 1477.420]  And if he's like, I got to tell you this,
+[1477.420 --> 1479.500]  because sometimes because the beauty of you,
+[1479.500 --> 1481.660]  the seductress in you, girlfriend,
+[1481.660 --> 1484.380]  you got to learn when to turn it on and turn it off.
+[1484.380 --> 1487.260]  And so if you're doing it in the boardroom,
+[1487.260 --> 1489.620]  if you are doing this in business,
+[1489.620 --> 1491.980]  the next thing you know, it sends a message,
+[1491.980 --> 1493.380]  and then I'm getting a letter,
+[1493.380 --> 1496.260]  or then I have to deal with someone in HR,
+[1496.260 --> 1498.820]  because someone may feel there was sexual harassment,
+[1498.820 --> 1501.620]  all because someone felt that you were sending a message,
+[1501.620 --> 1503.500]  and the next thing you know,
+[1503.500 --> 1505.740]  you know, like, she was coming on to me.
+[1505.780 --> 1508.940]  Just because the eyes went below the waist.
+[1508.940 --> 1511.540]  Imagine it being the waist, the base being the waist,
+[1511.540 --> 1513.100]  when the eyes go below the waist.
+[1513.100 --> 1514.220]  Wow.
+[1514.220 --> 1518.420]  But if you are doing this, meet me in the club.
+[1518.420 --> 1519.580]  Mm.
+[1519.580 --> 1520.580]  Meet me.
+[1520.580 --> 1523.140]  My knees taught me some new moves here.
+[1523.140 --> 1524.740]  Now meet me in the club.
+[1524.740 --> 1527.380]  Then I meet someone and I'm scanning the room,
+[1527.380 --> 1528.860]  and I caught his eye.
+[1528.860 --> 1530.900]  He's looking at me and I'm looking at him.
+[1530.900 --> 1532.500]  All of a sudden, I'm looking to the left.
+[1532.500 --> 1533.660]  I'm looking to the right.
+[1533.660 --> 1535.900]  I go up north, I go south.
+[1535.900 --> 1537.700]  Then he looks at me again, and then I,
+[1537.700 --> 1538.740]  and he's weak.
+[1538.740 --> 1539.620]  He sends a signal.
+[1539.620 --> 1541.420]  He's acknowledging him.
+[1541.420 --> 1543.660]  So he sends a signal.
+[1543.660 --> 1544.780]  Wow.
+[1544.780 --> 1546.460]  The moment that he sends a signal,
+[1546.460 --> 1547.460]  what happens?
+[1547.460 --> 1550.460]  I'll look at him, and I'll go below the base
+[1550.460 --> 1553.260]  because of the setting that I'm in.
+[1553.260 --> 1554.460]  Wow.
+[1554.460 --> 1555.220]  Wow.
+[1555.220 --> 1556.060]  Okay.
+[1556.060 --> 1557.060]  Someone tell me, if you learn something
+[1557.060 --> 1558.580]  from that, put it in the chat,
+[1558.580 --> 1561.180]  because we don't realize what's taking place
+[1561.180 --> 1564.340]  because the moment that you think about it,
+[1564.340 --> 1567.020]  whatever you think about comes about.
+[1567.020 --> 1568.940]  If it's on your mind, it comes out on the face.
+[1568.940 --> 1570.820]  If it's on your mind, it comes out on the face,
+[1570.820 --> 1571.740]  and in the body.
+[1571.740 --> 1573.060]  So it's very important.
+[1573.060 --> 1574.820]  So we know about scanning the room.
+[1574.820 --> 1577.500]  We know about practicing our eye compass.
+[1577.500 --> 1580.900]  And so we know about the, the flirt, the eye flirt.
+[1580.900 --> 1582.060]  We know all of that.
+[1582.060 --> 1585.940]  So let's get down to some more deep juicy stuff.
+[1585.940 --> 1589.420]  Let's talk about the eye gaze, okay?
+[1589.420 --> 1590.260]  And the eye gaze.
+[1590.260 --> 1591.140]  I'm going to go with this.
+[1591.140 --> 1594.220]  So now, for those of you that are parents,
+[1595.500 --> 1596.980]  and for those of you that have children
+[1596.980 --> 1599.820]  or ever been a child before, that's it, everybody,
+[1599.820 --> 1601.460]  that's it, everybody on the call here.
+[1601.460 --> 1603.060]  So if you ever been a child before,
+[1603.060 --> 1605.180]  everyone in this call, if you have a mother,
+[1605.180 --> 1607.820]  couldn't like my mother, my mother, my light mom,
+[1607.820 --> 1611.460]  you've had a mother, there was a certain kind of gaze
+[1611.460 --> 1614.180]  that you would get if you know that you're in trouble.
+[1614.180 --> 1615.860]  Does anyone know what I'm talking about?
+[1615.860 --> 1617.460]  Anyone know that they're in trouble
+[1617.460 --> 1619.540]  that your parent would give you that gaze
+[1620.260 --> 1624.100]  that she would not have to say mom would not have to say a word
+[1624.100 --> 1627.460]  when she says, look, don't let me tell you again,
+[1627.460 --> 1628.300]  not to do that.
+[1628.300 --> 1629.540]  So let's say you do it.
+[1629.540 --> 1630.660]  I'm going to do my own thing.
+[1630.660 --> 1631.900]  I'm going to do my own thing.
+[1631.900 --> 1635.540]  And then your mother go, I call it simple,
+[1635.540 --> 1637.380]  and gives you that look that goes like this.
+[1637.380 --> 1641.300]  The eyes begin to swing, like somebody said a threatening gaze
+[1641.300 --> 1643.340]  that look, that look, the look goes like this.
+[1643.340 --> 1646.100]  It's not wide open unless, unless mom's getting mad.
+[1646.100 --> 1647.740]  We'll talk about eyes wide open.
+[1647.740 --> 1649.020]  But here's what takes place.
+[1649.020 --> 1651.620]  The eyes begin to squint.
+[1651.620 --> 1656.300]  When you see the squinting eye that's lasering in on someone
+[1656.300 --> 1660.260]  that's focusing in on someone that's also be,
+[1660.260 --> 1662.140]  that also could be very discerning.
+[1662.140 --> 1664.460]  You'll often see the squinting eye
+[1664.460 --> 1666.140]  if you're in a business meeting,
+[1666.140 --> 1668.140]  or you can be dating as something that you're saying,
+[1668.140 --> 1671.660]  I'm like, oh yes, I was Miss America Miss Universe.
+[1671.660 --> 1674.140]  I'm just a minute, and if the person doesn't believe you,
+[1674.140 --> 1675.500]  you'll see the eyes go like this.
+[1675.500 --> 1676.580]  Mm-hmm.
+[1676.580 --> 1677.340]  Mm-hmm.
+[1677.340 --> 1679.420]  And then they'll start to close up,
+[1679.420 --> 1682.780]  and maybe close off for powers of, mm-hmm, tell me more.
+[1682.780 --> 1685.700]  So imagine mom doing that, give you that look.
+[1685.700 --> 1688.780]  She gazes at you, don't move.
+[1688.780 --> 1690.540]  Don't do it again.
+[1690.540 --> 1692.340]  Without saying a word.
+[1692.340 --> 1694.500]  And if you're having a conversation,
+[1694.500 --> 1695.820]  and it's something that she doubts,
+[1695.820 --> 1698.700]  and she doesn't believe, she looks at you like this.
+[1698.700 --> 1701.060]  So that's a different kind of gaze.
+[1701.060 --> 1702.820]  But here's another kind of gaze.
+[1702.820 --> 1703.860]  There's a kind of gaze.
+[1703.860 --> 1707.300]  It's an intimate gaze where you come into someone,
+[1707.300 --> 1709.820]  and it write this down, it's called on,
+[1709.820 --> 1713.580]  EN face, okay, but it's an EN face,
+[1713.580 --> 1717.620]  but in French, on false, on false, okay, on false.
+[1717.620 --> 1719.580]  And what that means, it's a seduction,
+[1719.580 --> 1721.420]  flirty seduction, it's used all over the world.
+[1721.420 --> 1723.140]  Thank you, Angela, I love you for that.
+[1723.140 --> 1724.900]  It's used all over the world,
+[1724.900 --> 1728.100]  when two people have a special connection,
+[1728.100 --> 1731.820]  maybe something intimate or special going on,
+[1731.820 --> 1735.260]  and they have a tendency to lean towards each other
+[1735.260 --> 1738.820]  where they're literally inches away from each other,
+[1738.820 --> 1740.500]  as I'm getting close to you,
+[1740.500 --> 1742.260]  that you can feel the heat,
+[1742.260 --> 1744.660]  you can feel the energy coming from them,
+[1744.660 --> 1747.700]  that they're so close, inches away from their face
+[1747.700 --> 1750.100]  from each other, that they're almost,
+[1750.100 --> 1754.700]  hmm, they're about to kiss on false.
+[1754.700 --> 1756.580]  And that's a flirty technique, and you have a tick,
+[1756.580 --> 1760.780]  thank you, Chantal said I did very good, thank you, love.
+[1760.780 --> 1762.500]  Thank you.
+[1762.500 --> 1765.460]  So, come on Linda, back to the course here.
+[1765.460 --> 1767.660]  So you're leaning in, that's very, very important.
+[1767.660 --> 1770.500]  So wow, and that happens now,
+[1770.500 --> 1775.020]  that happens when you have that level of intimacy,
+[1775.020 --> 1777.740]  that level of rapport,
+[1778.700 --> 1781.820]  that connection, if you will, that happens.
+[1781.820 --> 1785.060]  And so you'll see that, and that's what that is,
+[1785.060 --> 1786.420]  and you'll begin to develop that,
+[1786.420 --> 1790.660]  and isn't it wonderful that when the person on your desire
+[1790.660 --> 1792.460]  starts to initiate that?
+[1793.420 --> 1796.340]  So let's talk about something else about the eyes,
+[1796.340 --> 1799.900]  let's talk about eye tracking, okay?
+[1799.900 --> 1801.140]  And so here's what happens,
+[1801.140 --> 1802.660]  someone write that down in the chat,
+[1802.660 --> 1806.020]  I need my team, come on Clementines, come on.
+[1806.020 --> 1808.500]  So eye tracking is simply this,
+[1808.500 --> 1811.140]  where people are doing an assessment,
+[1811.140 --> 1815.220]  and studies have shown that when we eye track,
+[1815.220 --> 1819.660]  we have a tendency to love to watch moving lips
+[1819.660 --> 1821.940]  more than when the lips are at rest.
+[1821.940 --> 1823.700]  That's what eye tracking is all about.
+[1823.700 --> 1824.900]  So when you're eye tracking,
+[1824.900 --> 1826.780]  so the person is like looking at,
+[1826.780 --> 1828.060]  just looking at your lips,
+[1828.060 --> 1829.980]  and because it's very fascinating,
+[1829.980 --> 1833.300]  there's something very sensual about the mouth,
+[1833.300 --> 1835.140]  and that's a whole other course.
+[1837.620 --> 1839.860]  It's not something that your mom needs to hear about.
+[1839.860 --> 1843.700]  My niece is, oh my gosh, gag, you know?
+[1843.700 --> 1845.980]  So eye tracking, that's what that is,
+[1845.980 --> 1847.220]  is so when I'm talking,
+[1847.220 --> 1848.300]  when you're talking,
+[1848.300 --> 1849.860]  and someone that I'm connected with,
+[1849.860 --> 1851.180]  which is very important,
+[1851.180 --> 1853.460]  you have a tendency to focus on the eyes,
+[1853.460 --> 1855.460]  and then you move towards the lips,
+[1855.460 --> 1858.500]  and the way you use your eyes to look at the lips,
+[1858.500 --> 1859.380]  and I want you know,
+[1859.380 --> 1861.300]  so here's what I want you to think about,
+[1861.300 --> 1862.940]  think about when you're looking at the lips.
+[1862.940 --> 1865.260]  So imagine, first of all close your eyes.
+[1866.620 --> 1869.860]  Imagine the person of your dreams of your desire.
+[1871.500 --> 1872.620]  You feeling in your heart,
+[1872.620 --> 1875.900]  you feel the connection, you did all that,
+[1875.900 --> 1876.740]  you're together,
+[1876.740 --> 1879.380]  and then they are talking to you,
+[1879.380 --> 1880.940]  they're speaking to you,
+[1880.940 --> 1885.020]  and I want you to imagine that you are eating
+[1885.020 --> 1887.740]  and taking in every word.
+[1887.740 --> 1888.580]  So watch this,
+[1888.580 --> 1891.420]  so imagine if they're, my lips are moving,
+[1891.420 --> 1893.740]  and the person, their lips are moving,
+[1893.740 --> 1895.220]  and I'm looking at them like this.
+[1895.220 --> 1896.380]  Watch me, watch me.
+[1901.460 --> 1902.540]  Did you feel that?
+[1903.540 --> 1907.540]  See, I'm taking in, hi, Angela.
+[1909.900 --> 1912.540]  I'm taking in every word.
+[1912.540 --> 1915.060]  I'm taking in every word.
+[1915.060 --> 1917.300]  Okay, Angela, you can use this for Michael,
+[1917.300 --> 1918.580]  be Jordan, okay.
+[1919.620 --> 1921.580]  I'm taking in every word,
+[1921.580 --> 1922.940]  and here is the thing,
+[1922.940 --> 1926.780]  it is something powerful and so wonderful
+[1926.780 --> 1930.580]  that when the person who was sitting in front of you,
+[1931.580 --> 1936.580]  feels like that they're the most important person in the world.
+[1936.580 --> 1939.300]  You know, I never forget a friend of mine, he had said to me,
+[1939.300 --> 1940.300]  he says, Linda,
+[1940.300 --> 1943.060]  you know, they're beautiful women that are out there.
+[1943.060 --> 1946.180]  And you know, he says one of the things that I said
+[1946.180 --> 1949.900]  that attracts me to you is that every time
+[1949.900 --> 1952.820]  that I have a conversation with you,
+[1952.820 --> 1957.500]  you make me feel that even if I'm talking about a piece of paper,
+[1957.500 --> 1960.140]  if I'm talking about a remote control,
+[1960.140 --> 1963.500]  you make me feel like it is the most important thing
+[1963.500 --> 1967.220]  that what's coming out of my mouth is liquid gold
+[1967.220 --> 1968.700]  and what's coming out of the mouth
+[1968.700 --> 1972.780]  I want you to be able to look at from the eyes to the lips
+[1972.780 --> 1974.300]  and eat every word.
+[1975.820 --> 1979.420]  Okay, and then how you eat those words, how do you imagine?
+[1979.420 --> 1980.700]  So just imagine,
+[1980.700 --> 1982.300]  imagine or take your favorite treat.
+[1982.300 --> 1984.260]  So your favorite treat, Angela,
+[1984.260 --> 1986.140]  take your favorite treat, Becky,
+[1986.140 --> 1988.020]  come on, take your favorite treat, Jane,
+[1988.020 --> 1990.660]  and imagine the favorite treat coming into your mouth.
+[1990.660 --> 1992.100]  So in your mouth, your favorite treat,
+[1992.100 --> 1994.380]  don't be naughty, you all, your favorite treat
+[1994.380 --> 1997.020]  and you've taken that favorite treat and you're savoring it
+[1997.020 --> 1998.380]  and it goes like this.
+[1998.380 --> 2000.060]  And you're gonna savor it with your eyes.
+[2000.060 --> 2002.940]  You remember that movie was at Harry Met Sally?
+[2002.940 --> 2005.660]  Stop, stop, you know, stop, you know,
+[2005.660 --> 2007.420]  I want what she's up, okay?
+[2007.420 --> 2010.300]  Because of the reaction, so you're a savoring
+[2010.300 --> 2012.700]  that you're savoring those words.
+[2012.700 --> 2014.700]  And then I want to see it with your eyes.
+[2014.700 --> 2017.860]  And remember, go up north, go north,
+[2017.860 --> 2019.860]  bring it in the middle.
+[2022.260 --> 2024.300]  Bring it down, bring it down south.
+[2025.460 --> 2026.620]  Without saying a word.
+[2028.940 --> 2031.380]  Okay, think about that first encounter.
+[2031.380 --> 2034.180]  Yes, Betty, so delicious, Betty, you're right.
+[2034.180 --> 2036.140]  So delicious, okay?
+[2036.140 --> 2037.620]  So delicious.
+[2037.620 --> 2041.900]  This is the art of eye seduction.
+[2041.900 --> 2043.300]  Okay, so write this down.
+[2043.460 --> 2045.620]  Just got some good stuff for you all.
+[2045.620 --> 2047.340]  I'm just loving you all.
+[2047.340 --> 2049.460]  I'm having a good time with you all.
+[2049.460 --> 2053.740]  Okay, the super oracle ridge, it's that little thing
+[2053.740 --> 2056.780]  right here, that ridge, that labone that you feel.
+[2056.780 --> 2060.900]  Women normally have more eye space, the more flesh, you know,
+[2060.900 --> 2062.900]  and that's the thing that makes it seductive.
+[2062.900 --> 2063.860]  So let me tell you something,
+[2063.860 --> 2066.940]  I got a little thing here for you about Marilyn Monroe.
+[2066.940 --> 2069.980]  Marilyn Monroe, if you look at her eyes,
+[2069.980 --> 2073.180]  she was the epitome of seduction, you know,
+[2073.340 --> 2078.100]  but here is the thing, she literally had a makeup artist,
+[2078.100 --> 2080.300]  one of the, you know, one of the best in the world
+[2080.300 --> 2084.060]  that actually arched her eyes so they'd always appear
+[2084.060 --> 2087.020]  like they were slightly surprised or open
+[2087.020 --> 2089.020]  where she was doing the eyebrow flash,
+[2089.020 --> 2090.820]  where she's bringing them in.
+[2090.820 --> 2091.940]  She's just bringing it in.
+[2091.940 --> 2093.860]  Okay, Victoria said she's got a turn on the fan,
+[2093.860 --> 2096.580]  honey, open up the windows, open up the door.
+[2096.580 --> 2098.500]  It's about to get hot in here.
+[2098.500 --> 2101.180]  So if Marilyn Monroe, when she had that,
+[2101.180 --> 2102.620]  it always looked like that,
+[2102.620 --> 2105.700]  oh, that she was taking everything in.
+[2105.700 --> 2108.980]  And by the way, it's not her natural brow.
+[2108.980 --> 2111.060]  It was an award-winning makeup artist
+[2111.060 --> 2113.620]  that created that seductive look.
+[2113.620 --> 2116.020]  And when the eyes are up like that,
+[2116.020 --> 2120.260]  when the eyes go up, the vocal tone also changes.
+[2120.260 --> 2124.420]  When the eyebrow goes down, the vocal tone changes.
+[2124.420 --> 2127.500]  So what do you want to do tonight?
+[2128.900 --> 2130.940]  As opposed to, which the eyebrow's good on.
+[2130.940 --> 2132.340]  So what do you want to do tonight?
+[2132.340 --> 2133.420]  Let's see the difference.
+[2133.420 --> 2134.540]  See the difference.
+[2134.540 --> 2137.420]  So it's so very, very important to hold on in there.
+[2137.420 --> 2139.260]  My babies hold on in there.
+[2139.260 --> 2140.420]  We're gonna have some time for Q&A.
+[2140.420 --> 2141.300]  You could put it in the chat.
+[2141.300 --> 2142.260]  We're gonna have fun.
+[2142.260 --> 2144.780]  Turn the fan on, open the door, call your honey.
+[2144.780 --> 2147.180]  Tell him it's gonna be honey hugging tonight.
+[2148.380 --> 2151.020]  Okay, my niece, Michaela's going,
+[2151.020 --> 2153.340]  gag, gag, gag, she'll know one day, all right.
+[2153.340 --> 2155.660]  Okay, so we talked about all that.
+[2155.660 --> 2157.180]  We talked about what's important.
+[2157.180 --> 2160.180]  So one of the things we're gonna talk about
+[2160.180 --> 2162.260]  is pupil dilation.
+[2163.660 --> 2164.500]  Write it down.
+[2164.500 --> 2165.340]  Come on, someone write it down.
+[2165.340 --> 2166.180]  Write it down.
+[2166.180 --> 2167.180]  Come on, Michaela, write it down.
+[2167.180 --> 2168.500]  Write it down.
+[2168.500 --> 2171.020]  People dilation.
+[2172.180 --> 2173.020]  All right.
+[2173.020 --> 2176.020]  So there is a gauge.
+[2176.020 --> 2178.820]  It's called, I love this, a pupil.
+[2180.020 --> 2181.340]  I need a time to sing for you.
+[2181.340 --> 2184.340]  It's called a pupil, a limiter.
+[2184.340 --> 2186.580]  It's like a pupil, a limiter.
+[2186.580 --> 2187.940]  And what that does?
+[2187.940 --> 2189.780]  This pupil limiter, what it did,
+[2189.780 --> 2194.140]  it actually gauge the pupil dilation of men's eyes.
+[2194.140 --> 2195.500]  And here's what happens.
+[2195.500 --> 2199.180]  When men look at a woman, a picture of a woman
+[2199.180 --> 2203.300]  that's attractive, their eyes, their pupils dilate.
+[2203.300 --> 2206.740]  Okay, and here's your first homework assignment.
+[2206.740 --> 2211.100]  Grab any fashion magazine, any fashion magazine,
+[2211.100 --> 2213.060]  where you see the layout of the models,
+[2213.060 --> 2216.260]  any magazine particular women, look at their eyes,
+[2216.260 --> 2218.780]  every one of the pupils.
+[2218.780 --> 2220.620]  Because it's been altered, by the way,
+[2220.620 --> 2221.700]  they did it deliberately.
+[2221.700 --> 2223.300]  Because you know how they do the air brushing
+[2223.300 --> 2225.100]  and the touch up and everything.
+[2225.100 --> 2226.020]  You know, because, you know,
+[2226.020 --> 2227.740]  you know, I've got to all suit out going on right now,
+[2227.740 --> 2228.980]  but you know, I'd say, stole my body.
+[2228.980 --> 2230.380]  But, honey, well, that's another story.
+[2230.380 --> 2231.460]  We'll get to that, okay?
+[2231.460 --> 2234.500]  But the bottom line is, they do a lot of touch ups and things
+[2234.500 --> 2235.540]  in the magazine ads.
+[2235.540 --> 2236.900]  And there was a big movement
+[2236.900 --> 2238.740]  where women to be able to show their truthful
+[2238.740 --> 2240.060]  and authentic self.
+[2240.060 --> 2241.420]  But if you look at the pictures,
+[2241.420 --> 2242.820]  your first homework assignment,
+[2242.820 --> 2244.580]  Angela, your first homework assignment,
+[2244.580 --> 2246.300]  Jane, your first homework assignment,
+[2246.300 --> 2249.100]  I want you, Shantel, your first homework assignment.
+[2249.100 --> 2251.740]  I want you to look at the pupils
+[2251.740 --> 2256.740]  and every one of the women in the ad.
+[2256.740 --> 2259.820]  You will see that the pupils are dilated, okay?
+[2259.820 --> 2263.300]  And what they found using this instrument
+[2263.300 --> 2264.820]  and they gauge this with men,
+[2264.820 --> 2266.300]  that when they looked at the picture,
+[2266.300 --> 2269.740]  that it had created a sense of a rousal.
+[2269.740 --> 2270.740]  Wow.
+[2271.900 --> 2272.980]  Wow.
+[2272.980 --> 2275.780]  In a rousal, they got little excited.
+[2275.780 --> 2278.380]  Do you know in the past century,
+[2278.380 --> 2280.100]  and I'm going to type this in here?
+[2280.100 --> 2283.300]  I know my niece wants to want to be a Ladonna.
+[2283.300 --> 2285.100]  Make sure I spell that right, hope it's fine.
+[2285.100 --> 2290.220]  So do you know that there was a cosmetic extract
+[2290.220 --> 2293.100]  that women use in the previous centuries
+[2293.100 --> 2295.740]  to be able to dilate their pupils
+[2295.740 --> 2298.500]  so they would come across attractive?
+[2299.660 --> 2300.540]  Wow.
+[2300.540 --> 2302.260]  You don't need to go find that extract.
+[2302.260 --> 2303.540]  You don't need to try to do that.
+[2303.540 --> 2305.260]  And what it did, as a matter of fact,
+[2305.260 --> 2307.460]  it's also called the same thing
+[2307.460 --> 2309.940]  when they use that extract, the eyes.
+[2309.940 --> 2312.780]  Oh my gosh, the eyes become round.
+[2312.780 --> 2314.060]  You know, excited.
+[2314.060 --> 2315.740]  What happens when someone's excited
+[2315.740 --> 2318.460]  to see you and anticipate the eyes go round?
+[2318.460 --> 2319.900]  What happens when a child gets excited?
+[2319.900 --> 2321.020]  The eyes go round.
+[2321.020 --> 2322.220]  The pupils begin to dilate,
+[2322.220 --> 2324.740]  and it's one of the things that you can't control.
+[2324.740 --> 2326.620]  That's why if you know anyone
+[2326.620 --> 2329.060]  that goes to the Las Vegas, you know, Las Vegas,
+[2329.060 --> 2331.940]  and they're playing hand that they can tell
+[2331.940 --> 2334.700]  with the opponent when the eyes get dilated,
+[2334.700 --> 2336.620]  they have attractive hand.
+[2336.620 --> 2338.100]  And that's what that means.
+[2338.100 --> 2341.220]  You know, belladonna means attractive lady.
+[2341.220 --> 2342.060]  I believe it's Italian.
+[2342.060 --> 2345.180]  I believe, yeah, yeah, yeah, well, that's attractive lady.
+[2345.180 --> 2346.660]  So thus attractive hand.
+[2346.660 --> 2349.140]  So can you believe someone said, is it toxic?
+[2349.140 --> 2351.060]  I don't know, there was centuries ago.
+[2351.060 --> 2352.260]  I don't need it, baby.
+[2352.260 --> 2355.060]  I got it natural, because I got love on the brain.
+[2355.060 --> 2356.220]  See, I got love on the brain.
+[2356.220 --> 2359.660]  When you think about it, come on now,
+[2359.660 --> 2361.340]  you can be about it.
+[2361.340 --> 2363.620]  It can come about, but that was something
+[2363.620 --> 2366.420]  that women were doing in the previous century
+[2366.420 --> 2368.460]  to come across attractive.
+[2368.460 --> 2371.620]  That's why we see it in our ads.
+[2371.620 --> 2373.180]  But you can do that.
+[2373.180 --> 2374.620]  You can do that.
+[2374.620 --> 2376.380]  Think about something that gets you excited.
+[2376.380 --> 2379.140]  Think about something that gets you warm all over.
+[2379.140 --> 2381.460]  Think about something that makes you feel
+[2381.460 --> 2384.140]  your most sexy and sensual self.
+[2384.140 --> 2387.140]  It, listen, the biggest sex organ.
+[2387.140 --> 2388.620]  Come here, come here, come close.
+[2389.660 --> 2390.460]  It close to me.
+[2391.700 --> 2393.780]  Make sure my niece is not listening here.
+[2393.780 --> 2395.220]  Get close to me.
+[2395.220 --> 2397.860]  The biggest sexual organ that you have
+[2397.860 --> 2399.780]  is that between ears.
+[2401.780 --> 2404.140]  That between ears, it's that brain.
+[2405.180 --> 2408.060]  Because if you can seduce the mind,
+[2409.180 --> 2412.380]  get them there, get his mind.
+[2412.380 --> 2414.260]  You get us hard.
+[2414.260 --> 2415.780]  Trust me on this.
+[2416.660 --> 2419.860]  I've had four marriage proposals over 10 years.
+[2421.340 --> 2423.140]  I love the chase.
+[2423.140 --> 2424.340]  There'd be a time while slow down
+[2424.340 --> 2425.940]  that they could catch even in the meantime.
+[2425.940 --> 2427.100]  I'm having fun.
+[2427.100 --> 2431.340]  Okay, so understand how important that is.
+[2431.340 --> 2434.020]  So imagine when you get excited.
+[2434.020 --> 2436.700]  So you know, if you're going to go on that special day,
+[2436.700 --> 2441.020]  you're meeting someone, listen, listen my Clementines.
+[2441.020 --> 2442.140]  Listen up.
+[2442.140 --> 2444.220]  If you're one of my Clementines and you hear me,
+[2444.220 --> 2445.540]  if you're one of my Clementines
+[2445.540 --> 2446.540]  and you're going to get out there
+[2446.540 --> 2448.300]  and you're going to try some of these things,
+[2448.300 --> 2449.980]  if you're one of my Clementines put it in the chat,
+[2449.980 --> 2451.940]  says yes, I'm ready for the love quest.
+[2451.940 --> 2452.820]  I'm ready. I'm ready.
+[2452.820 --> 2453.820]  I'm ready.
+[2453.820 --> 2455.660]  Here's the thing that I want you to remember.
+[2457.020 --> 2459.220]  Whatever state of mind that you're in
+[2460.620 --> 2462.820]  and however you're feeling,
+[2462.820 --> 2466.580]  those emotions transfer over.
+[2466.580 --> 2468.100]  They transfer.
+[2468.100 --> 2470.100]  You know, quite often we even dress the way we feel
+[2470.100 --> 2472.020]  if we're feeling blue, we're filling down.
+[2472.020 --> 2474.780]  You go to your closet, you pick the worst drab thing
+[2474.780 --> 2476.500]  because that's how you're feeling.
+[2476.540 --> 2481.100]  No one wants to be around someone who is not
+[2481.100 --> 2485.020]  emanating that energy, that love, that fire.
+[2485.020 --> 2487.980]  So when you start thinking and Stephen Covey once said,
+[2487.980 --> 2489.860]  begin with the end in mind,
+[2489.860 --> 2491.940]  I want to find the person of my dreams.
+[2491.940 --> 2493.940]  I want to find my desire, love.
+[2493.940 --> 2494.940]  I want to be loving.
+[2494.940 --> 2495.900]  I emanate love.
+[2495.900 --> 2497.060]  I desire love.
+[2497.060 --> 2498.420]  I am love.
+[2498.420 --> 2499.780]  I attract love.
+[2500.700 --> 2502.540]  That's what I am.
+[2502.540 --> 2505.500]  And it begins to emanate in you.
+[2505.500 --> 2507.980]  So what's important I want you to remember
+[2507.980 --> 2510.300]  and let's talk about, that's right, White Talk.
+[2510.300 --> 2511.100]  That's right.
+[2511.100 --> 2512.060]  Let's talk about Betty.
+[2512.060 --> 2514.540]  Let's talk about our power zones.
+[2514.540 --> 2515.740]  Because I've got to get you ready.
+[2515.740 --> 2517.380]  I just can't you have you sitting in the club
+[2517.380 --> 2519.580]  just looking around like this going north southeast
+[2519.580 --> 2522.380]  where I don't want you looking crazy.
+[2522.380 --> 2524.100]  That'll look a little crazy.
+[2524.100 --> 2525.980]  North southeast, what's going on with the moment?
+[2525.980 --> 2526.820]  She's crazy.
+[2526.820 --> 2527.420]  She's crazy.
+[2527.420 --> 2529.060]  No, I want you to be ready.
+[2529.060 --> 2530.980]  So we'll talk about the power zones.
+[2530.980 --> 2533.220]  Now this is a little bonus that I'm giving you.
+[2534.220 --> 2536.820]  There's a whole lot more in the quest
+[2536.820 --> 2540.620]  because we talk about things.
+[2540.620 --> 2542.900]  If you've got kids around cover their ears,
+[2542.900 --> 2545.100]  we talk about the wet voice and some other stuff.
+[2545.100 --> 2546.660]  I don't don't worry about that.
+[2546.660 --> 2548.220]  You'll get that in the quest.
+[2548.220 --> 2550.420]  But one of the things I want you to remember
+[2550.420 --> 2552.060]  when you're going out and about,
+[2552.060 --> 2554.260]  if you're doing dating online and you know,
+[2554.260 --> 2556.860]  you're doing the Zoom meetups, the chat and chew,
+[2556.860 --> 2560.260]  the talking taste, are you meeting someone in a well-safe place
+[2560.260 --> 2561.300]  if you will?
+[2561.300 --> 2563.100]  I want you to remember it's important
+[2563.220 --> 2567.380]  to keep your power zones open, okay?
+[2567.380 --> 2569.060]  Especially when you're dating,
+[2569.060 --> 2571.340]  especially when you're inviting love in.
+[2571.340 --> 2573.860]  So let's talk about the power zones, okay?
+[2573.860 --> 2576.100]  Number one, the neck area.
+[2576.100 --> 2578.420]  This right here is the Super-Sturnal Natch.
+[2578.420 --> 2580.180]  And one of the things that women do
+[2580.180 --> 2583.340]  and then Marilyn Monroe would do that often in the movies
+[2583.340 --> 2586.060]  is stroke the Super-Sturnal Natch, okay?
+[2586.060 --> 2588.460]  Very sensitive area, the neck area.
+[2588.460 --> 2590.980]  The other power zone is the heart.
+[2590.980 --> 2594.660]  The other power zone is the naval, your belly button,
+[2594.660 --> 2596.900]  the first connection to another human bee
+[2596.900 --> 2599.180]  through the umbilical cord, you know?
+[2599.180 --> 2601.860]  All right, that's the first connection right there.
+[2601.860 --> 2606.500]  And the other power zone is the reproductive area.
+[2606.500 --> 2607.940]  Those are power zones.
+[2607.940 --> 2609.700]  So if I close off the heart,
+[2609.700 --> 2612.620]  look, I'm blocking anything coming in.
+[2612.620 --> 2614.900]  Who's going to be sitting there in the club going
+[2614.900 --> 2616.820]  north, south, east and west, I need a man?
+[2616.820 --> 2618.260]  You look like a genie, you know?
+[2618.260 --> 2619.540]  I wanna know.
+[2619.540 --> 2620.740]  What does that mean, right?
+[2620.740 --> 2622.940]  So you open up those power zones.
+[2622.940 --> 2624.860]  And here's what I want to get you.
+[2624.860 --> 2626.780]  Eyes, write this down.
+[2626.780 --> 2628.500]  Open, someone put in the chat.
+[2628.500 --> 2631.540]  Open, eye, lean and beam.
+[2631.540 --> 2635.020]  Open, eye, lean and beam.
+[2635.020 --> 2638.220]  Open, meaning eyes wide open, okay?
+[2638.220 --> 2639.260]  Eye contact.
+[2639.260 --> 2642.540]  Open, eye, open body, open, okay?
+[2642.540 --> 2644.060]  Okay, open, eye.
+[2644.060 --> 2645.660]  Remember, we talked about the lean,
+[2645.660 --> 2647.020]  what kind of lean is it?
+[2647.020 --> 2648.820]  It's the loving lean.
+[2648.820 --> 2652.020]  Open, eye, lean and what is the beam?
+[2652.020 --> 2654.940]  B-E-A-M, somebody tell me, what do you think the beam is?
+[2654.940 --> 2656.420]  Somebody tell me, what's the beam?
+[2656.420 --> 2657.340]  What's the beam?
+[2657.340 --> 2659.660]  What do you think will be the definition of the beam?
+[2659.660 --> 2661.340]  Come on, you know, think of the beam.
+[2661.340 --> 2662.180]  What is the beam?
+[2662.180 --> 2664.540]  Yes, right, a need of the ray, that fire,
+[2664.540 --> 2666.620]  that radiates from you.
+[2666.620 --> 2668.380]  Now watch, watch, watch, I'm gonna do something
+[2668.380 --> 2669.580]  really, really quick.
+[2669.580 --> 2670.580]  Watch, okay.
+[2670.580 --> 2674.460]  Mm, getting into my knees,
+[2674.460 --> 2677.820]  I'm having a time with her, okay?
+[2677.820 --> 2680.380]  I'm gonna get into a, which is hard for me.
+[2680.380 --> 2683.260]  I'm gonna get into a kind of a negative state, right?
+[2683.260 --> 2685.660]  Okay, and I want you to look at my face,
+[2685.660 --> 2688.580]  I want you to look at the 43 facial muscles that I have,
+[2688.580 --> 2691.180]  I want you to watch my obicular aculac muscles,
+[2691.180 --> 2692.580]  those are eye muscles there.
+[2692.580 --> 2695.220]  I want you to watch my zygramatic major muscles,
+[2695.220 --> 2696.700]  the ones that help with the smile,
+[2696.700 --> 2698.580]  and just imagine me on the date,
+[2698.580 --> 2700.700]  you've hooked me up to introduce to you,
+[2700.700 --> 2703.140]  Sillenda, I'm telling you, he's the one.
+[2703.140 --> 2705.940]  He's the one, okay, you know, okay.
+[2705.940 --> 2709.620]  So I'm going on this date, and I'm setting here with you,
+[2709.620 --> 2711.660]  and of course you introduce me to this wonderful gentleman,
+[2711.660 --> 2713.780]  and I want you to look at my face.
+[2719.540 --> 2720.860]  So do you come here often?
+[2722.820 --> 2724.340]  Okay, so I'm just setting that,
+[2724.340 --> 2726.620]  I'm not gonna say a word, I'm not gonna say word at all,
+[2726.620 --> 2728.020]  I'm just gonna look at you all.
+[2728.860 --> 2731.860]  Does it look like that I'm happy to be here?
+[2731.860 --> 2735.860]  Does it look like I'm excited that anybody see a beam?
+[2735.860 --> 2737.500]  Was there any fire?
+[2737.500 --> 2738.740]  Now watch now.
+[2738.740 --> 2740.300]  I'm anticipating the state.
+[2740.300 --> 2742.900]  I'm already beginning with the end in mind.
+[2742.900 --> 2744.700]  This person's gonna be the one.
+[2744.700 --> 2746.180]  He's gonna fill my heart.
+[2746.180 --> 2747.980]  He's gonna fill my fire.
+[2747.980 --> 2749.340]  He's gonna be the one.
+[2749.340 --> 2751.020]  He's gonna look at my lips.
+[2751.020 --> 2752.220]  He's gonna want them,
+[2752.220 --> 2754.220]  he's gonna want to take a picture.
+[2754.220 --> 2756.660]  He's gonna look at my lips.
+[2756.660 --> 2758.780]  Then he's gonna wanna taste my lips.
+[2758.780 --> 2761.100]  I'm gonna wanna taste his luscious lips.
+[2761.100 --> 2762.380]  He's gonna look at my eyes,
+[2762.380 --> 2766.420]  and he's going to just swim into this wonderful brown sea of love.
+[2766.420 --> 2767.340]  He's gonna love this.
+[2767.340 --> 2768.340]  He's gonna do all this.
+[2768.340 --> 2770.420]  I'm thinking, oh gosh, I feel him good.
+[2770.420 --> 2772.100]  And so now I'm sitting there meeting him.
+[2772.100 --> 2772.940]  Watch.
+[2775.580 --> 2777.220]  It's a pleasure to meet you.
+[2777.220 --> 2779.140]  Wow, you can see the difference.
+[2779.140 --> 2780.540]  Can you see the fire?
+[2780.540 --> 2785.500]  Oh my goodness, it's right there within you.
+[2785.500 --> 2787.260]  It's in you love.
+[2787.260 --> 2788.700]  It's in you.
+[2788.700 --> 2792.820]  Whatever you think about, it comes about.
+[2794.620 --> 2795.780]  And it's important.
+[2796.740 --> 2799.340]  And one other thing, I'm gonna give you a little,
+[2799.340 --> 2802.780]  listen, I'm gonna recommend a product.
+[2802.780 --> 2804.500]  So there's one that I use,
+[2804.500 --> 2806.660]  and I do all my Zoom presentations,
+[2806.660 --> 2807.860]  but I'm gonna recommend it for you,
+[2807.860 --> 2809.620]  for you little party people.
+[2809.620 --> 2811.380]  And sometimes you could wake up,
+[2811.380 --> 2813.180]  and the eyes could be a little bloodshot.
+[2813.180 --> 2818.180]  So all I'm saying to you is to find your favorite eye drop,
+[2818.380 --> 2819.940]  I like to use the natural ones,
+[2819.940 --> 2823.340]  that gives you that crystal dancing sparkly eyes.
+[2823.340 --> 2825.980]  So that it's just like the eyes are dancing,
+[2825.980 --> 2827.500]  they're clear and they're vibrant.
+[2827.500 --> 2829.180]  You don't want to be able to look at someone
+[2829.180 --> 2833.540]  and I, you can't seduce them with bloodshot eyes.
+[2833.540 --> 2834.780]  Hey, baby.
+[2835.820 --> 2837.060]  Well, maybe another side of town,
+[2837.060 --> 2838.900]  but not where you wanna go.
+[2838.900 --> 2842.940]  So it's so important that when you come into this,
+[2843.020 --> 2845.540]  the eye seduction, so in the last thing,
+[2845.540 --> 2848.540]  we're gonna learn, are you ready? Who's ready?
+[2848.540 --> 2851.660]  We're gonna learn eye-undressing.
+[2851.660 --> 2856.140]  So that's after you made the connection,
+[2856.140 --> 2858.260]  you made the connection,
+[2858.260 --> 2862.220]  I'm feeling you, you feeling me,
+[2862.220 --> 2864.580]  it moves on to another date.
+[2866.420 --> 2868.420]  It moves on to a third date.
+[2868.420 --> 2869.980]  I don't know how long it takes some of you,
+[2869.980 --> 2871.660]  you know, I don't know, I don't know, all right.
+[2871.660 --> 2873.620]  You know, I'm covering the old school.
+[2873.620 --> 2875.980]  I like the court in the flirting, I like that.
+[2875.980 --> 2879.020]  But it moves on and then there's something
+[2879.020 --> 2882.420]  that takes place, you know, we dated for a while.
+[2882.420 --> 2884.540]  And I know, okay, listen up, okay.
+[2884.540 --> 2886.300]  I'm probably older than some of you out there,
+[2886.300 --> 2887.500]  except the one with the grandma
+[2887.500 --> 2890.140]  that's gonna rename the next grandjow after me,
+[2890.140 --> 2891.740]  but hear me up, okay.
+[2891.740 --> 2896.140]  Here's the thing, ladies, you don't want to make yourself
+[2896.140 --> 2899.580]  just common, you wanna make yourself rare.
+[2900.540 --> 2903.260]  That person will move him and the nerve
+[2903.260 --> 2906.020]  to get to your jewels, do you understand what I mean?
+[2906.020 --> 2909.460]  So now you've gotten to the point, thank you, Jane.
+[2909.460 --> 2913.340]  We got to the point and now we're gonna do eye-undressing.
+[2913.340 --> 2915.060]  So what we're gonna do before we do this,
+[2915.060 --> 2916.180]  I want, we're gonna practice.
+[2916.180 --> 2917.980]  So here's, remember now with that eye-north,
+[2917.980 --> 2920.180]  eye-south, eye-ease, eye-west.
+[2920.180 --> 2922.820]  So I want you to imagine everybody practice with me.
+[2922.820 --> 2926.860]  Imagine you are putting a hat on the man's head, okay.
+[2926.860 --> 2928.500]  You wear it on your head, the top hat, whatever hat
+[2928.500 --> 2929.340]  you wanna do.
+[2929.380 --> 2931.620]  So take your eyes and put the hat on the head.
+[2931.620 --> 2933.540]  So watch me, I'm gonna put the hat on the head.
+[2933.540 --> 2936.660]  Hat on the head goes like this, up there, hat on the head.
+[2936.660 --> 2941.300]  Okay, now I want you to imagine you putting your earrings on.
+[2941.300 --> 2943.740]  Okay, put my first earring on, okay.
+[2943.740 --> 2945.420]  My second earring on, got it.
+[2945.420 --> 2947.660]  So put the hat on the head, head on the head.
+[2947.660 --> 2950.380]  First earring on, okay, all right, second earring.
+[2950.380 --> 2951.340]  Okay, did that.
+[2951.340 --> 2956.340]  Now, the person is dressed, let's do eye-undressing.
+[2956.860 --> 2958.660]  So when you do eye-undressing,
+[2958.660 --> 2961.060]  you first focus in on the eye
+[2961.060 --> 2966.060]  and you have permission because you're not at work,
+[2966.060 --> 2968.340]  you're not in front of the boss,
+[2968.340 --> 2972.500]  you're not doing a presentation in front of 50 or 100 men,
+[2972.500 --> 2975.020]  you're not gonna undress them in the room, okay.
+[2975.020 --> 2976.100]  You're not gonna do that.
+[2976.100 --> 2979.220]  This is only for eyes to touch and for the dating, right.
+[2979.220 --> 2981.740]  So now you look at them in the eye, okay.
+[2981.740 --> 2983.740]  You're connecting, you're connecting with them.
+[2983.740 --> 2985.180]  You know, you're already connected.
+[2985.180 --> 2988.180]  And then all of a sudden, you begin to slowly
+[2988.180 --> 2991.220]  undress the individual and it goes like this.
+[3004.940 --> 3006.780]  You feel that?
+[3006.780 --> 3007.780]  You feel that?
+[3008.780 --> 3010.220]  You feel that?
+[3010.220 --> 3011.780]  Okay, okay.
+[3011.780 --> 3013.380]  You feel the hat.
+[3013.380 --> 3014.220]  Whoa.
+[3016.140 --> 3017.300]  Okay, you feel that?
+[3017.300 --> 3018.740]  So I'm looking.
+[3018.740 --> 3023.900]  Okay, now what if I, what if I want him
+[3023.900 --> 3025.820]  to come join me into the bedroom?
+[3025.820 --> 3027.380]  Here's how the tilt goes.
+[3027.380 --> 3029.140]  Okay, I'm dressed up.
+[3030.020 --> 3032.660]  Okay, the mouth is slightly open.
+[3033.420 --> 3036.340]  Okay, and watch what I'm about to do
+[3036.340 --> 3038.020]  when I say lick the lips.
+[3038.020 --> 3041.380]  Now, don't just go walk, like a cow.
+[3041.380 --> 3042.820]  Don't just do that.
+[3042.820 --> 3043.820]  How did I do that?
+[3043.820 --> 3045.180]  That was so ugly.
+[3045.180 --> 3046.980]  Clementine's, I'm sorry.
+[3046.980 --> 3048.100]  That was ugly.
+[3048.100 --> 3050.620]  Okay, I'm sorry, but your family, get me a fun.
+[3050.620 --> 3052.820]  Watch this, watch this, watch this, watch this.
+[3052.820 --> 3054.900]  Okay, watch this.
+[3054.900 --> 3056.260]  I'm not gonna say anything.
+[3056.260 --> 3058.820]  So I'm already undressed, okay.
+[3058.820 --> 3060.340]  And watch how I lick the lips.
+[3060.340 --> 3061.340]  I go like this.
+[3066.180 --> 3070.500]  Feel the head and watch the eyes, okay.
+[3070.500 --> 3072.540]  Okay, look to the right.
+[3072.540 --> 3073.540]  What is it saying?
+[3073.540 --> 3074.540]  Maybe let's go.
+[3075.620 --> 3076.620]  Let's go.
+[3076.620 --> 3078.660]  Let's go.
+[3078.660 --> 3080.180]  Let's go.
+[3080.180 --> 3081.500]  Let's go.
+[3081.500 --> 3082.340]  Mm.
+[3082.340 --> 3084.220]  And then the next morning,
+[3084.220 --> 3086.300]  and I see you, and I'm gonna say to you,
+[3086.300 --> 3089.380]  my Clementine, I know what you did in last night
+[3089.380 --> 3091.580]  Anita, because you are beaming.
+[3091.580 --> 3093.100]  You are beaming.
+[3093.100 --> 3096.100]  So that's just one, that's just one of the tracks.
+[3096.100 --> 3097.860]  And when you, when you sign up for the quest
+[3097.860 --> 3100.580]  and all the wonderful quests that we're having,
+[3100.660 --> 3103.940]  this is Love Week, and you've been having a lot of wonderful
+[3103.940 --> 3104.780]  Arthur's on.
+[3104.780 --> 3107.980]  It has been so much fun, but here's what we're gonna do.
+[3107.980 --> 3109.660]  Come on, Sierra, we're gonna ask them,
+[3109.660 --> 3110.980]  answer some questions.
+[3110.980 --> 3113.900]  So any question that you want, I'm here.
+[3113.900 --> 3116.540]  Now remember now, as a body language expert,
+[3116.540 --> 3119.260]  normally I'm doing the tough stuff, you know,
+[3119.260 --> 3122.420]  dealing with jury selection, working with CEOs,
+[3122.420 --> 3124.820]  working with celebrities, politicians,
+[3124.820 --> 3125.740]  and all that good stuff.
+[3125.740 --> 3128.300]  This is the fun stuff that I love.
+[3128.300 --> 3131.660]  And listen up, when you learn how to read
+[3131.660 --> 3136.660]  those non-verbal cues, my drawings, my Clementines,
+[3137.060 --> 3141.580]  you will learn how to make those billion dollar moves.
+[3145.900 --> 3149.380]  All right, oh my goodness.
+[3149.380 --> 3152.740]  Guys, typing the chat, typing the chat
+[3152.740 --> 3155.940]  isn't this the most amazing work that I learned so much.
+[3155.940 --> 3160.660]  Even though I deep, Linus program on my dollar's platform,
+[3160.660 --> 3163.060]  and it's like, oh my God, so much juice,
+[3163.060 --> 3166.060]  but she taught so many new things.
+[3166.060 --> 3168.380]  I'm like, I can't wait to get out of this call
+[3168.380 --> 3169.780]  and practice all of that.
+[3169.780 --> 3172.100]  You know, someone said,
+[3172.100 --> 3173.940]  the jet very said, if your mom,
+[3173.940 --> 3176.700]  if you're only in you,
+[3176.700 --> 3179.340]  if only, if only.
+[3179.340 --> 3182.140]  Diving the chat if you want to do the program as well.
+[3182.140 --> 3184.580]  And meantime, let's get into the questions.
+[3184.580 --> 3186.140]  We have a few questions in the chat.
+[3186.140 --> 3188.740]  And if you guys want to submit,
+[3188.740 --> 3190.700]  you can put in the Q&A box.
+[3190.700 --> 3194.060]  But let's start with this question, Linda.
+[3194.060 --> 3196.460]  Do you teach how to be central and sexual
+[3196.460 --> 3198.860]  when women are on periods, menopause?
+[3198.860 --> 3201.940]  I think a question maybe we can start with.
+[3201.940 --> 3202.820]  Yeah, absolutely.
+[3202.820 --> 3206.180]  First of all, no matter what stage you are in life,
+[3206.180 --> 3207.900]  sunrise, the sunset,
+[3207.900 --> 3210.780]  and as our bodies go through the seasons of life,
+[3210.780 --> 3214.380]  it's about loving you and who you are.
+[3214.380 --> 3216.060]  Celebrating all of you.
+[3216.060 --> 3219.860]  There was something sexual and very attractive
+[3219.860 --> 3223.820]  about a woman who is competent in her own skin.
+[3223.820 --> 3226.460]  Men usually run away from women
+[3226.460 --> 3228.700]  that feel the habitinities of the hangups.
+[3228.700 --> 3230.380]  I'm not as beautiful, not as attractive
+[3230.380 --> 3233.340]  because it comes across Sarah as needy.
+[3233.340 --> 3235.420]  But when you are in your own power,
+[3235.420 --> 3237.620]  no matter whether it's going through menopause,
+[3237.620 --> 3239.220]  this is how I look at menopause.
+[3239.220 --> 3240.220]  Watch this.
+[3241.120 --> 3244.340]  I look at menopause is that when I walk in the room,
+[3244.420 --> 3245.980]  the men all paused.
+[3250.100 --> 3251.500]  Since you see what I did,
+[3251.500 --> 3254.020]  I just shift the way I was thinking.
+[3254.020 --> 3256.100]  Well, that's how I look at menopause, honey,
+[3256.100 --> 3258.700]  when I walk into the room, the men all paused
+[3258.700 --> 3262.300]  because let me tell you, women as we get older,
+[3262.300 --> 3264.940]  just like fine wine, we get better.
+[3264.940 --> 3267.540]  That's why you'll see, look at Tina Turner.
+[3267.540 --> 3269.900]  She's older than her husband.
+[3269.900 --> 3274.060]  You'll see, look at Cher, still sexy and got it going on.
+[3274.060 --> 3277.220]  Ladies, as we get older, we get better.
+[3277.220 --> 3279.780]  It doesn't have to be a blazing fire.
+[3279.780 --> 3283.620]  As long as there's a spark in the furnace.
+[3283.620 --> 3286.820]  So you look at menopause as the men all paused.
+[3286.820 --> 3290.020]  If you knew how young I was,
+[3290.020 --> 3292.020]  you would be getting yourself together, honey.
+[3294.500 --> 3295.820]  Yummy.
+[3295.820 --> 3298.700]  I see as Ali's asking,
+[3298.700 --> 3301.460]  what about biting your lower limbs?
+[3302.460 --> 3305.100]  When you're biting your lower lip,
+[3305.100 --> 3308.300]  it depends timing when you bite your lip, the timing.
+[3308.300 --> 3312.060]  So when you're doing that and you're in the eye seduction
+[3312.060 --> 3314.780]  and remember the eyes that you capture the eyes,
+[3314.780 --> 3315.940]  you begin to undress them
+[3315.940 --> 3317.460]  because you're going below the base,
+[3317.460 --> 3320.260]  you are staying there right at the lips, at the mouth,
+[3320.260 --> 3321.100]  you're looking at the mouth,
+[3321.100 --> 3323.340]  and then all of a sudden, watch why bite my lip.
+[3324.940 --> 3325.780]  See that?
+[3326.580 --> 3330.340]  See, because that's how you give the illusion,
+[3330.580 --> 3333.380]  like, mmm, and then release, look at it, I just did.
+[3333.380 --> 3336.300]  Mmm, and release, the eyes got big.
+[3336.300 --> 3338.700]  So one, now when did the eyes get big like that?
+[3338.700 --> 3340.260]  And when do you release like that?
+[3340.260 --> 3341.460]  See, I don't know if there's some kids
+[3341.460 --> 3342.380]  listening in the room.
+[3342.380 --> 3343.660]  So I have to be really careful,
+[3343.660 --> 3346.380]  because I love mind-balling, I love you all,
+[3346.380 --> 3347.660]  but I don't know if you have little
+[3347.660 --> 3349.060]  little Mickey listening in the room.
+[3349.060 --> 3350.260]  I don't want that to happen,
+[3350.260 --> 3352.820]  but when you do that, that release,
+[3352.820 --> 3354.020]  you and I know what that is,
+[3354.020 --> 3356.980]  and he knows what that is, all right?
+[3356.980 --> 3358.060]  Thanks.
+[3358.060 --> 3361.060]  Oh, yes, I see in the chat the best Zoom call
+[3361.060 --> 3363.060]  in the history of Zoom sessions.
+[3363.060 --> 3368.060]  Oh, yes, guys, I told you you're up for it.
+[3368.060 --> 3370.540]  The energy is everything.
+[3370.540 --> 3374.260]  She is so right, the energy is everything.
+[3375.300 --> 3378.220]  The energy energizes, yes.
+[3378.220 --> 3379.060]  Beautiful.
+[3379.060 --> 3380.660]  I see one question actually in the chat
+[3380.660 --> 3382.020]  that I want to bring it up.
+[3382.020 --> 3387.020]  What about two women competing seductively for the same men?
+[3387.500 --> 3392.500]  How do you become the winner for the, yeah, off?
+[3392.500 --> 3393.340]  Okay.
+[3393.340 --> 3394.700]  Or the better woman.
+[3394.700 --> 3395.540]  This is good.
+[3395.540 --> 3396.380]  This is good.
+[3396.380 --> 3397.220]  Thank you, Angela.
+[3397.220 --> 3398.220]  This is good.
+[3398.220 --> 3400.780]  So there have been cases, ladies,
+[3400.780 --> 3404.020]  where you have women who are vying for the same guy.
+[3404.020 --> 3405.060]  And I've got to go back,
+[3405.060 --> 3407.020]  because I don't remember whether it's happened for me,
+[3407.020 --> 3408.500]  because I've seen to always win.
+[3408.500 --> 3409.900]  But let me just tell you why.
+[3409.900 --> 3410.860]  Okay.
+[3410.860 --> 3411.700]  Yes, I did.
+[3411.700 --> 3412.380]  Yes, I did.
+[3412.380 --> 3413.500]  Yes, I did.
+[3413.500 --> 3416.940]  What men are stimulated by the visual.
+[3416.940 --> 3417.780]  Okay.
+[3417.780 --> 3419.180]  They're stimulated by the visual.
+[3419.180 --> 3421.020]  Women are stimulated by the auditory.
+[3421.020 --> 3422.740]  That's why we like to hear the men say,
+[3422.740 --> 3424.780]  he can do everything for us and do everything.
+[3424.780 --> 3425.780]  We just want to hear you say,
+[3425.780 --> 3427.020]  I love you, men like to see.
+[3427.020 --> 3428.660]  That's why we dress a certain way.
+[3428.660 --> 3429.900]  We're the same colors.
+[3429.900 --> 3432.340]  So one of the things that I do,
+[3432.340 --> 3434.100]  I, where the, where I have,
+[3434.100 --> 3436.220]  the other women who I might have been competing with,
+[3436.220 --> 3438.540]  are the women who are trying to compete with me.
+[3438.540 --> 3439.060]  What they have,
+[3439.060 --> 3440.900]  it's in the seat, they adorn themselves.
+[3440.900 --> 3442.020]  And of course, the clothes,
+[3442.020 --> 3443.780]  either they have clothes on or they don't,
+[3443.780 --> 3445.660]  how they're dressed a certain way.
+[3445.660 --> 3446.460]  By the way,
+[3446.460 --> 3448.140]  my grandmother wants to say all the time,
+[3448.140 --> 3449.900]  baby, honey, what a man opens the package.
+[3449.900 --> 3452.220]  Let's give them something to least guess about.
+[3452.220 --> 3453.500]  If he sees everything,
+[3453.500 --> 3455.540]  then he has no element of surprise.
+[3455.540 --> 3458.940]  So I like to wear clothing and fabrics
+[3458.940 --> 3460.260]  that have the man thinking,
+[3460.260 --> 3462.220]  I wonder what's under there.
+[3462.220 --> 3465.500]  So as the women are the ones who are competing
+[3465.500 --> 3466.820]  to displaying themselves,
+[3466.820 --> 3469.660]  it's not about me at that moment.
+[3469.660 --> 3471.900]  When I have my opportunity with him,
+[3471.900 --> 3474.540]  it's all about him.
+[3474.540 --> 3476.180]  It's all about him.
+[3476.180 --> 3478.060]  I'm laughing at his jokes.
+[3478.060 --> 3479.140]  It's all about him.
+[3479.140 --> 3480.940]  I'm touching him subtly,
+[3480.940 --> 3482.500]  right on the forearm,
+[3482.500 --> 3484.500]  to be able to anchor feelings.
+[3484.500 --> 3485.540]  It's all about,
+[3485.540 --> 3487.980]  and everything is about him.
+[3487.980 --> 3491.340]  And not only when he's communicating with me,
+[3491.340 --> 3493.420]  and he'll share something with me,
+[3493.420 --> 3495.140]  rather than repeated back,
+[3495.140 --> 3497.780]  I let him know that I've heard it in a way
+[3497.780 --> 3499.500]  that I add the emotions to it.
+[3499.500 --> 3501.180]  So what I hear you saying,
+[3501.180 --> 3502.820]  Kevin, what I hear you saying, John,
+[3502.820 --> 3504.580]  is this is that it, that it, that it,
+[3504.580 --> 3506.380]  that I can only imagine.
+[3507.340 --> 3510.060]  You beat out all those guys.
+[3510.060 --> 3511.420]  You made it to the top,
+[3512.460 --> 3516.260]  because you're good at you do what you do.
+[3516.260 --> 3518.700]  You're probably good at everything, John.
+[3521.700 --> 3522.860]  Congratulations.
+[3522.860 --> 3523.700]  Is that it?
+[3526.220 --> 3527.940]  Why is he here?
+[3527.940 --> 3529.500]  Okay, I won't, I see.
+[3529.500 --> 3531.060]  I know we got a couple more minutes,
+[3531.060 --> 3532.660]  can we get a couple more minutes?
+[3532.660 --> 3534.500]  And there are so many questions coming in,
+[3534.500 --> 3535.500]  but I see.
+[3535.500 --> 3537.300]  Oh, oh, oh, oh.
+[3537.300 --> 3538.140]  Don't forget, don't forget, Sarah,
+[3538.140 --> 3540.020]  we gotta let everybody know that
+[3540.020 --> 3542.460]  because I want my Clementine's list, listen,
+[3542.460 --> 3544.260]  we can't just leave each other now.
+[3544.260 --> 3545.500]  I want everyone to, you know,
+[3545.500 --> 3547.460]  for those of you who are wanting to,
+[3547.460 --> 3549.420]  or knew to the Mind Valley family,
+[3549.420 --> 3550.980]  you know, or coming into the family,
+[3550.980 --> 3553.340]  we've got something special for you
+[3553.340 --> 3555.460]  that if you decide to enroll in Mind Valley,
+[3555.460 --> 3558.820]  you have access not just to all the wonderful authors here
+[3558.820 --> 3560.020]  doing Love Week,
+[3560.020 --> 3562.540]  you have access to all of Mind Valley,
+[3562.540 --> 3564.460]  and we have, and tell me if I'm right,
+[3564.460 --> 3565.980]  be given away the house,
+[3565.980 --> 3568.660]  $100 of membership.
+[3568.660 --> 3571.100]  Mm, oh my God.
+[3571.100 --> 3572.020]  It's our gift.
+[3572.020 --> 3574.220]  It's watch this, now watch what I'm about to do.
+[3574.220 --> 3576.660]  It's my gift to you.
+[3576.660 --> 3578.260]  Now, right this down,
+[3578.260 --> 3582.300]  what I just did is called a connecting gesture,
+[3582.300 --> 3584.900]  connecting you and I.
+[3584.900 --> 3587.780]  And you notice I didn't go to the face, you and I.
+[3587.780 --> 3590.380]  I did, told the heart, you and I.
+[3590.380 --> 3592.780]  We connect all the time when, you know,
+[3592.780 --> 3594.620]  when you, as someone is on the same page,
+[3594.620 --> 3597.300]  we go like this, mm-hmm, mm-hmm, mm-hmm.
+[3597.300 --> 3598.860]  Those are connecting gestures.
+[3598.860 --> 3601.460]  And when you do that, it is so powerful.
+[3601.460 --> 3604.220]  So when everyone else is trying to compete, see, I, hi.
+[3604.220 --> 3605.620]  See, underneath, this is beyond,
+[3605.620 --> 3606.820]  say, his body underneath.
+[3606.820 --> 3608.300]  I can't just unleash it to the world,
+[3608.300 --> 3609.260]  they can't handle it.
+[3609.260 --> 3611.060]  I have to hold it in the package.
+[3611.060 --> 3614.740]  So, but when you connect in that way, come on.
+[3614.740 --> 3615.900]  Come on.
+[3615.900 --> 3617.940]  See, or we got to see them in the quest.
+[3617.940 --> 3620.020]  We got to get them, they're getting ready.
+[3620.020 --> 3621.940]  Some of you going to get started tonight.
+[3621.940 --> 3625.340]  Good Tatiana, you already glad you signed up for Mind Valley.
+[3625.340 --> 3626.780]  You're automatically honorary,
+[3626.780 --> 3630.420]  Clementine, get in there, honey, and get the love going.
+[3630.420 --> 3631.220]  Oh my God.
+[3631.220 --> 3634.220]  Yes, I see the question of what's the name of the quest,
+[3634.220 --> 3636.180]  the name of the quest is body language
+[3636.180 --> 3637.620]  for dating and traction.
+[3637.620 --> 3641.820]  I have done it and I cannot tell you how good that is.
+[3641.820 --> 3644.100]  You saw just this sneak peek today,
+[3644.100 --> 3647.100]  but you have 10 days of content.
+[3647.100 --> 3649.100]  And by signing up for the membership,
+[3649.100 --> 3651.860]  basically you will not only get Linda's quest,
+[3651.860 --> 3655.580]  but a lot of other Mind Valley amazing quest.
+[3655.580 --> 3657.540]  But of course, I mean,
+[3657.540 --> 3658.940]  this 10 days that you're going to do
+[3658.940 --> 3661.660]  is going to be probably the juiciest content you have consumed.
+[3661.660 --> 3667.260]  So we have $100 discount, like we mentioned.
+[3667.260 --> 3670.260]  So you have the link, guys, grab your spot
+[3670.260 --> 3673.100]  and let's get started with the quest.
+[3673.100 --> 3675.180]  And now, see, or see what's up.
+[3675.180 --> 3677.500]  They're going to unleash this on their boyfriend.
+[3677.500 --> 3679.940]  So here's what I want you to do when your boyfriend says,
+[3679.940 --> 3682.020]  sitting there watching television, whatever,
+[3682.020 --> 3684.860]  walking the room and don't say anything, just walking
+[3684.860 --> 3687.620]  and sit down and go like this and just look at them.
+[3691.340 --> 3692.940]  I just start grieve, just look at him.
+[3692.940 --> 3694.980]  Just gaze at his eyes, don't take them off.
+[3694.980 --> 3696.860]  Then he's going to say, what?
+[3696.860 --> 3697.700]  What?
+[3697.700 --> 3698.700]  And then start leaning in.
+[3698.700 --> 3700.060]  What are you doing?
+[3700.060 --> 3702.140]  You start working, and start testing this tonight.
+[3702.140 --> 3704.380]  Get them, get them, get them good.
+[3704.380 --> 3706.580]  Oh my God, I'm going to try that tonight.
+[3706.580 --> 3709.460]  Meantime, I see Virginia saying, I've been a member for two
+[3709.460 --> 3712.780]  years, and I do quest after quest, learning so much.
+[3712.780 --> 3715.940]  Worth, if it's, yeah, oh my God, I'm so happy.
+[3715.940 --> 3717.820]  There are quite a few members in the house,
+[3717.820 --> 3720.100]  but also new members coming in.
+[3720.100 --> 3723.940]  So guys, go, the link is in the chat.
+[3723.940 --> 3725.580]  I'm going to drop one more time.
+[3725.580 --> 3729.060]  And Linda, as we're bringing it to closure, unfortunately,
+[3729.060 --> 3730.820]  because we have still a lot of questions.
+[3730.820 --> 3733.420]  I would say it with you for hours.
+[3733.420 --> 3735.220]  What are you going to leave us with?
+[3735.220 --> 3736.900]  The last thing you're going to do with it.
+[3736.900 --> 3737.660]  You know what?
+[3737.660 --> 3740.340]  What's so much going around in the world today?
+[3740.340 --> 3743.860]  You know, the power of love, no matter what goes on,
+[3743.860 --> 3747.180]  love can all receive everything if we could just
+[3747.180 --> 3748.420]  remember to love.
+[3748.420 --> 3750.780]  And the first thing I want you to remember,
+[3750.780 --> 3753.220]  and the last thing that I want you to remember,
+[3753.220 --> 3756.300]  is to say to yourself, I go first.
+[3756.300 --> 3758.700]  I'm the one, I'm going to love first.
+[3758.700 --> 3760.380]  I'm going to give first.
+[3760.380 --> 3762.420]  I'm going to embrace first.
+[3762.420 --> 3764.180]  I'm going to be the best first.
+[3764.180 --> 3767.740]  Because if we all do that, can you imagine what kind of world
+[3767.740 --> 3769.020]  that this would be?
+[3769.020 --> 3771.140]  And I want you all to know that I love you.
+[3771.140 --> 3774.380]  And I cannot wait to see who in the quest.
+[3774.380 --> 3776.340]  You're my visual clementines.
+[3776.340 --> 3778.500]  I love you.
+[3778.500 --> 3782.460]  Thank you so much, Linda, for this amazing workshop.
+[3782.460 --> 3785.580]  I think this was the best ever Zoom call in the history
+[3785.580 --> 3786.780]  of Zoom call.
+[3786.780 --> 3790.380]  Please guys, dropping the chat, your gratitude, your love
+[3790.380 --> 3791.260]  for Linda.
+[3791.260 --> 3794.140]  And we are bringing it to closure.
+[3794.140 --> 3796.260]  Thank you, Linda, again, for being with us.
+[3796.260 --> 3797.220]  Thank you so much.
+[3797.220 --> 3798.220]  Thank you so much.
+[3798.220 --> 3799.900]  And guys, sign up.
+[3799.900 --> 3801.500]  You know, the link is there.
+[3801.500 --> 3803.020]  You're getting all the love, Linda.
+[3803.020 --> 3804.900]  All the hearts are here.
+[3804.900 --> 3807.700]  You're exclusive.
+[3807.700 --> 3808.220]  Thank you.
+[3808.220 --> 3809.460]  Ciao, everybody.
+[3809.460 --> 3810.220]  Take care.
+[3810.220 --> 3811.700]  We'll be on the other side.
+[3811.700 --> 3813.420]  Ciao, ciao.

transcript/workshop_8yGhNwDMT-g.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+[0.000 --> 3.360]  Team Exercise 22. Drawing.
+[4.400 --> 8.720]  In this exercise, the team will form a circle at equal distances from each other.
+[9.600 --> 13.520]  Tell the team to form pairs with someone they don't know so well yet.
+[14.400 --> 16.160]  Each pair takes two chairs.
+[17.040 --> 19.200]  Put the backs against each other and sits down.
+[20.240 --> 23.280]  Each pair receives a piece of paper and a pen.
+[24.640 --> 28.000]  The duos decide who is person A and who is person B.
+[28.960 --> 33.040]  Person B will be the first to make an abstract drawing that shows simple shapes.
+[34.000 --> 39.200]  Person A will try to recreate this drawing based on verbal instructions from person B.
+[40.320 --> 43.280]  Person B starts with describing his drawing.
+[44.400 --> 48.000]  First draw a medium-sized triangle in the middle of the paper.
+[49.120 --> 54.240]  Next, draw a circle on the bottom left of the triangle, slightly touching it.
+[55.040 --> 59.600]  Lastly, draw a rectangle that intersects with the top of the triangle.
+[60.640 --> 63.200]  The participants turn around and compare their drawings.
+[64.000 --> 69.280]  After having exchanged feedback about differences in the drawings and the way they communicated,
+[69.280 --> 70.400]  they switch roles.
+[71.280 --> 75.120]  Person A will now copy the drawing of person B.
+[75.120 --> 79.360]  Without looking at this piece of paper, still only using spoken instructions.
+[80.160 --> 86.640]  The drawing may now also show specific objects or things, for example, a light bulb.
+[88.080 --> 93.600]  To not give the object away, the person describing the drawing may only use figurative instructions.
+[93.600 --> 96.480]  He can describe the image by all kinds of figures.
+[97.040 --> 99.200]  But of course he can say it's a light bulb.
+[99.920 --> 101.440]  But for example he can say,
+[102.720 --> 105.200]  draw a circle in the center of your paper.
+[105.920 --> 109.680]  Under the circle, draw a cylinder that looks like a screw.
+[110.560 --> 113.200]  Lastly, draw short stripes around it.
+[114.400 --> 116.720]  Now the two drawings are compared again.
+[117.600 --> 120.560]  And person B will find out what the object really was.
+[121.440 --> 125.200]  It will become clear what went well and where the communication could have been better.
+[126.400 --> 130.880]  After the couples have switched two times, new pairs will be formed and they will repeat the
+[130.880 --> 132.400]  exercise in the same manner.
+[133.200 --> 138.720]  The pairs may now choose if they prefer to draw abstract shapes or specific objects.
+[139.760 --> 144.000]  After having done the exercise a couple of more times, the team will form a circle again
+[144.000 --> 146.880]  and evaluate what they've experienced during the exercise.
+[147.520 --> 150.480]  What style of communication works most efficiently.
+[150.480 --> 152.000]  And what style didn't work at all.
+[152.800 --> 156.960]  Is an abstract drawing more difficult to draw compared to a specific drawing?
+[157.840 --> 161.360]  Ask each participant what they think and let them share their experiences.
+[162.160 --> 165.600]  Your trainer guides the team and brings variations to the exercise.
+[165.600 --> 169.040]  What kind of variations you can read below this video on YouTube.
+[169.040 --> 174.160]  And please subscribe to our channel to see a new team exercise each Sunday on youtube.com
+[174.160 --> 179.200]  slash team exercises to improve cooperation and communication.

transcript/workshop_ET7qsJv6nLk.txt

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+[0.000 --> 7.000]  Your body language is much more powerful than the words you speak.
+[13.000 --> 20.000]  When you're looking for the right composure in front of an audience, you must remember this circle of impact.
+[20.000 --> 26.000]  More than half of the impact you have on an audience is caused by your body language.
+[26.000 --> 32.000]  38% of the impact you have is caused by your voice and the way you speak.
+[32.000 --> 38.000]  And only 7% of the impact is due to the content of your story.
+[38.000 --> 40.000]  It's not a lot, is it?
+[40.000 --> 45.000]  So, nice and good body language is very important.
+[45.000 --> 49.000]  Where do we start? We start with our feet, with our legs.
+[49.000 --> 55.000]  We plant them like trees in the earth, which doesn't mean that you can't move around during a presentation.
+[56.000 --> 63.000]  But it needs stability. Your story needs to be stable also, so you need physical stability.
+[63.000 --> 70.000]  And then your shoulders. You have to straighten those shoulders and tuck up your chin.
+[70.000 --> 75.000]  And to know where these shoulders should be, there's a very small exercise.
+[75.000 --> 80.000]  You just lift them up very high and let them drop. And then they are where they should be.
+[81.000 --> 87.000]  So, feet, shoulders and then your hands and your arms. What do we do with these?
+[87.000 --> 94.000]  Well, one thing you have to remember is that you have to keep an open communication with your public.
+[94.000 --> 99.000]  So, this creates a barrier. We don't do this.
+[99.000 --> 106.000]  This is much too waiting. You're actually demanding commands from the audience.
+[106.000 --> 112.000]  So, what we want to do is to make the distance between yourself and the audience smaller.
+[112.000 --> 116.000]  So, reach out with those hands and those arms.
+[116.000 --> 123.000]  All right? Feet, hands and of course, never to forget. A smile.

transcript/workshop_HVFsPgsw2MU.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+[0.000 --> 5.760]  a non-verbal communication. This workshop discusses the insights of non-verbal communication
+[5.760 --> 10.880]  and we should improve your persuasion using your non-verbal cues and why I'm meeting with
+[10.880 --> 18.160]  your body is that I'm profiting, close speaking and mixing with some activity through the tweet.
+[18.720 --> 24.400]  So first I have a little expert. How do we all communicate with our words?
+[30.000 --> 32.000]  Smiling, talking to you.
+[34.400 --> 35.360]  To my comment.
+[36.480 --> 41.760]  Alright so I'm going to have you guys count the fours and you're going to divide up into four groups
+[42.400 --> 47.920]  and I will give you two minutes to talk with as many dog and progesters as you can without talking
+[48.480 --> 51.520]  but only one person might their idea is dialogue time.
+[51.520 --> 54.000]  Yeah alright, be water.
+[54.000 --> 55.320]  Entry.
+[55.320 --> 58.080]  Yeah okay one, two, three, four, five, two, three.
+[58.080 --> 59.840]  One, two, three, four, one, two, three, four.
+[59.840 --> 62.080]  Yeah okay thinksize, hijage.
+[62.080 --> 62.300]  Okay scary
+[69.260 --> 71.340]  You want to walk your face as well?
+[71.340 --> 72.340]  Not giving?
+[72.340 --> 73.940]  Yes, you can do.
+[73.940 --> 74.940]  Wut ah.
+[74.940 --> 75.740]  Okay.
+[75.740 --> 76.980]  Oh be OK.
+[76.980 --> 78.480]  duas?
+[78.480 --> 79.640]  Come on.
+[79.640 --> 81.640]  I'm just going to ask you.
+[81.640 --> 82.640]  Yes.
+[82.640 --> 84.640]  Yes.
+[84.640 --> 86.640]  Yes.
+[86.640 --> 88.640]  Okay.
+[88.640 --> 89.640]  Yes, sir.
+[89.640 --> 91.640]  Yeah.
+[91.640 --> 93.640]  We're all here.
+[93.640 --> 97.640]  The only one person can write that in the comments.
+[97.640 --> 98.640]  All right.
+[98.640 --> 99.640]  Come on in at the time.
+[99.640 --> 100.640]  I'll be right back.
+[100.640 --> 101.640]  Yeah.
+[101.640 --> 102.640]  Are you leaving?
+[102.640 --> 104.640]  Which?
+[104.640 --> 106.640]  Okay.
+[106.640 --> 116.640]  Okay.
+[116.640 --> 126.640]  Okay.
+[126.640 --> 129.640]  Okay.
+[129.640 --> 132.640]  Okay.
+[132.640 --> 135.640]  Okay.
+[135.640 --> 138.640]  Okay.
+[138.640 --> 147.640]  Okay.
+[147.640 --> 149.640]  Okay.
+[149.640 --> 151.640]  Oh.
+[151.640 --> 153.640]  I'm going to start with the
+[153.640 --> 155.640]  first one.
+[155.640 --> 157.640]  I'm going to start with the
+[157.640 --> 159.640]  first one.
+[159.640 --> 161.640]  I'm going to start with the
+[161.640 --> 163.640]  first one.
+[163.640 --> 165.640]  I'm going to start with the
+[165.640 --> 167.640]  first one.
+[167.640 --> 169.640]  I'm going to start with the
+[169.640 --> 171.640]  first one.
+[171.640 --> 173.640]  I'm going to start with the
+[173.640 --> 175.640]  first one.
+[175.640 --> 177.640]  I'm going to start with the
+[177.640 --> 179.640]  first one.
+[179.640 --> 181.640]  I'm going to start with the
+[181.640 --> 183.640]  first one.
+[195.640 --> 197.640]  Alright,
+[197.640 --> 199.640]  alright.
+[199.640 --> 201.640]  Alright, so how're you guys
+[201.640 --> 203.640]  each path?
+[203.640 --> 205.640]  and we'll discuss
+[205.640 --> 207.640]  some of these
+[207.640 --> 209.640]  I'm not sure.
+[209.640 --> 211.640]  I'm not sure.
+[211.640 --> 213.640]  I'm not sure.
+[213.640 --> 215.640]  I want to ask you something.
+[215.640 --> 217.640]  Yeah, so she's going to tell me what's the best style of her.
+[217.640 --> 219.640]  So she's going to pick up up it.
+[219.640 --> 221.640]  She's a certain field.
+[221.640 --> 223.640]  Wow.
+[223.640 --> 225.640]  Yes.
+[225.640 --> 227.640]  You can salute.
+[227.640 --> 229.640]  You're hungry?
+[229.640 --> 231.640]  Yeah.
+[231.640 --> 233.640]  You're hot and cold.
+[233.640 --> 235.640]  I need an arm.
+[235.640 --> 237.640]  You're more...
+[237.640 --> 241.640]  If you look at me and I go like this, what's that mean?
+[241.640 --> 243.640]  I'm going to...
+[243.640 --> 245.640]  I'm brave.
+[245.640 --> 247.640]  I'm brave.
+[247.640 --> 251.640]  I'm going to give you good, good, and good.
+[251.640 --> 253.640]  Little finger.
+[253.640 --> 255.640]  Do you have enough ice cream?
+[255.640 --> 257.640]  It's good.
+[257.640 --> 259.640]  It's good.
+[259.640 --> 261.640]  I'm just going to say the sad.
+[261.640 --> 263.640]  I'm going to drop you.
+[263.640 --> 265.640]  I'm going to skip a minute.
+[265.640 --> 267.640]  I'm going to skip a minute.
+[267.640 --> 269.640]  Oh, this is a bad idea.
+[269.640 --> 271.640]  I'm going to skip a minute.
+[271.640 --> 275.640]  So I'm going to get the learning infection of my screening in the work dep.
+[275.640 --> 279.640]  Or feel free to act on how the novel is used after your pain and patient.
+[279.640 --> 285.640]  Learn to skills on how to use your novel communication to increase your frustration.
+[285.640 --> 287.640]  Being sick on how to improve our work.
+[287.640 --> 291.640]  You should learn ways to improve your patient and learn ways to improve your patient.
+[291.640 --> 297.640]  Learn to use novel verbal cues and enhance your everyday life.
+[297.640 --> 301.640]  So there are five effects of novel communication.
+[301.640 --> 305.640]  And understanding how novel communication can affect your everyday life.
+[305.640 --> 309.640]  Make you think twice in a meeting, slide, and have a conversation with somebody.
+[309.640 --> 313.640]  Because you're actually fulfilling your true feelings.
+[313.640 --> 315.640]  The way you look, listen, move, and react.
+[315.640 --> 319.640]  Show the care of being truthful or even listening.
+[319.640 --> 323.640]  If your novel is used, you're not actually up for what you're actually saying.
+[323.640 --> 333.640]  You can be come up as mistrusting and has a complex set of confusion.
+[333.640 --> 339.640]  While they do, you can increase your trust, increase your poor, and as long as you're ready.
+[339.640 --> 345.640]  So, for our petition, it's used when novel verbal cues get forced with our being said.
+[345.640 --> 349.640]  That's like when your sister takes your behavior to her and you make a start to call it and roll your eye better.
+[349.640 --> 357.640]  Your novel verbal cue is you rolling your eyes and forcing Kyle, annoying to really bar at your sister.
+[357.640 --> 363.640]  Contradiction can be spoon-maned and not real cues making the speed you seem un-fruical.
+[363.640 --> 369.640]  So this is, for example, when you ask her, when you have to take out the trash and she says, yes, but stop turning forward to the wall.
+[369.640 --> 373.640]  So I'm not showing much interest and it'll probably take hours to get done.
+[373.640 --> 379.640]  Substitution, it has a normal cues and a human face of hers.
+[379.640 --> 383.640]  So, for instance, a person eye contact you.
+[383.640 --> 387.640]  Show a lot more vivid message than their words when you're angry for instance.
+[387.640 --> 391.640]  You're in somebody else. That's Sarah Foster really.
+[391.640 --> 398.640]  You realize that your topic of cognitive helps you advance what it's already being spoken to.
+[398.640 --> 406.640]  So if I think I would do a really good novel for people who think I can give her a pat on the back to every important what I would say.
+[406.640 --> 414.640]  And I've sent two verbal cues to emphasize certain message, a certain point in your message.
+[414.640 --> 424.640]  So this is like counting on the table to show your angry and any situation.
+[424.640 --> 431.640]  So imagine you're working on a group project where one number is causing all your groups to increase the decisions you're on making.
+[431.640 --> 442.640]  But during your group meetings you've noticed her pulling her eyes, not engaging or making eye contact anyone and have made it a point to position yourself away from the group.
+[442.640 --> 446.640]  How would you perceive her normal cues?
+[446.640 --> 456.640]  I would say that she might have said that she would have said that she would be able to see some of the things that she would not really think about.
+[456.640 --> 460.640]  So, just a little bit.
+[460.640 --> 463.640]  Sure, the character.
+[463.640 --> 471.640]  Which affected a lot of the communication is a verbal out of groups that she would think of.
+[471.640 --> 483.640]  How do you think I would say that she would have said that she would be able to see some of the things that she would not really think about.
+[483.640 --> 489.640]  So there are some ways to improve your position with using your body language.
+[489.640 --> 493.640]  For instance, your eye contact can really increase your position.
+[493.640 --> 498.640]  But if you have a long eye contact it just makes it awkward and a little uncomfortable.
+[498.640 --> 500.640]  Uncomfortable, but not pretty.
+[500.640 --> 505.640]  But a lot of eye contact can miss you through your unsure of what you're saying.
+[505.640 --> 511.640]  Facially expressions are really important and the most effective one is smiling.
+[511.640 --> 517.640]  So it's a good idea to smile or somebody else is smiling.
+[517.640 --> 521.640]  It's like a mirror so you're left with their showing you.
+[521.640 --> 528.640]  It's not too much. They come off as if it's in fear and like you're joking around and you're not taking it seriously.
+[528.640 --> 535.640]  Gestures include self touching being inside of anxiety and nervous.
+[535.640 --> 543.640]  And then what thing that really is like alting with illiteraries, which are gestures that are used to the general gestures.
+[543.640 --> 548.640]  So if you're actually showing some excitement and something.
+[548.640 --> 554.640]  If you're touching, this is things that has a panel back which indicates self-insurance and power.
+[554.640 --> 561.640]  But it also can be powered up if it's on top of its learning where you get a little too touchy feeling with somebody.
+[561.640 --> 566.640]  And proxiements, relies on the distance you have between somebody.
+[566.640 --> 568.640]  And we all have expectations for personal face.
+[568.640 --> 572.640]  You don't want to be having a conversation with somebody like this close to your face.
+[572.640 --> 582.640]  So you should really like finally use expectations because they will be detrimental and you're really going to persuade your audience.
+[582.640 --> 599.640]  It was found that standing plus 18 inches away from someone while your conversation is more likely to improve your persuasion while standing five to 14 feet away while sitting.
+[599.640 --> 606.640]  So your perception artists are really important in creating your first impression.
+[606.640 --> 609.640]  So you must dress a bit apart.
+[609.640 --> 612.640]  So why don't you go under your knees and dress with dress.
+[612.640 --> 618.640]  But if you're going for a faster even to open your heels, you wear more respectable shield.
+[618.640 --> 624.640]  And your physical attraction has that halo effect where your parents comes off with your trust.
+[624.640 --> 636.640]  So if you showed up really unkempt, unpretty, smelly, people really wouldn't want to give you the job.
+[636.640 --> 646.640]  So leading up your body to the sense of confidence is important to understand why these people create your persuasion in every day's lives.
+[646.640 --> 654.640]  Keeping your head up shows confidence rather than moving down your toes and your head from the side showing signs of submission.
+[654.640 --> 662.640]  Using your hand appropriately so when your paws are facing out, you're trying to open your body just to rather know when your paws are closed facing back.
+[662.640 --> 664.640]  It is more of a conviction.
+[664.640 --> 669.640]  So move the paws first to move when you're changing your topic.
+[669.640 --> 673.640]  So I was going to add the next slide and switch over to this side of the group.
+[673.640 --> 683.640]  And then paws when you're making a quick, this really gets people detention and you can see that engaged in the palm of the speech.
+[683.640 --> 689.640]  When you less to the side of confidence, so you have to wait for the other side of the speech to be audient here.
+[689.640 --> 696.640]  So you present this other user eyes, like you said, do not make eye contact for too long, just with your user time.
+[696.640 --> 706.640]  And it was done at widening your skin and calling your nervous system and actually amplifies your voice.
+[707.640 --> 710.640]  Okay, so I have another little activity for you.
+[710.640 --> 716.640]  You're going to take a paper, pull and give the mood, because we're at the top.
+[716.640 --> 721.640]  We're going to have to try to express that while reading the sentence to the glass.
+[721.640 --> 723.640]  And we're going to try it, yes.
+[737.640 --> 739.640]  She says.
+[750.640 --> 754.640]  Alright, everybody, I'm like, who likes the star?
+[754.640 --> 757.640]  I don't know.
+[767.640 --> 768.640]  Angry?
+[768.640 --> 769.640]  Grateful?
+[769.640 --> 772.640]  No, it's frustrating.
+[772.640 --> 774.640]  It's all that is kind of angry.
+[774.640 --> 777.640]  I'm so sorry it's all that I would be here.
+[777.640 --> 779.640]  Oh yeah.
+[779.640 --> 781.640]  That's my knowledge.
+[785.640 --> 790.640]  It's all that you're on for, it's great.
+[790.640 --> 793.640]  It's just you look at that.
+[793.640 --> 795.640]  It's like, go.
+[795.640 --> 797.640]  That's my own.
+[801.640 --> 803.640]  I think it's a good stuff.
+[803.640 --> 805.640]  That was a point.
+[805.640 --> 808.640]  What's the size?
+[808.640 --> 811.640]  So you get all of your on for work, it's great.
+[815.640 --> 817.640]  Great, grateful.
+[817.640 --> 819.640]  Appreciate it.
+[819.640 --> 822.640]  She's happy.
+[822.640 --> 824.640]  Oh.
+[824.640 --> 827.640]  No, I really like it.
+[827.640 --> 831.640]  Almost all right.
+[831.640 --> 834.640]  Oh, no, Brian.
+[834.640 --> 836.640]  Don't tell me that.
+[836.640 --> 839.640]  It's all right.
+[839.640 --> 843.640]  It's frustrating.
+[843.640 --> 846.640]  It's exciting.
+[846.640 --> 849.640]  She's a nice girl.
+[849.640 --> 852.640]  It's very nice.
+[852.640 --> 857.640]  We must be a drunk on that tomorrow.
+[857.640 --> 860.640]  So all you have is help.
+[860.640 --> 863.640]  It's important.
+[863.640 --> 867.640]  It's right.
+[867.640 --> 870.640]  It's important.
+[871.640 --> 874.640]  I don't know.
+[874.640 --> 877.640]  It's nervous.
+[877.640 --> 881.640]  It's about to be shameful.
+[881.640 --> 884.640]  I know.
+[884.640 --> 888.640]  I don't think a one is gay.
+[888.640 --> 891.640]  It's happy.
+[891.640 --> 894.640]  I'm happy.
+[901.640 --> 904.640]  I want to speak with them.
+[904.640 --> 907.640]  What is that?
+[907.640 --> 911.640]  It's a place where more school.
+[911.640 --> 918.640]  We need to get all of our things and move it to another building as quickly as possible.
+[918.640 --> 921.640]  Abby, you're close.
+[921.640 --> 924.640]  You sound pretty good.
+[924.640 --> 927.640]  You're a couple of things.
+[928.640 --> 932.640]  This cake is so delicious.
+[932.640 --> 935.640]  I can't wait to share with my friends.
+[935.640 --> 938.640]  So are you guys.
+[938.640 --> 941.640]  I know.
+[941.640 --> 945.640]  It's blown away.
+[945.640 --> 948.640]  I tried.
+[948.640 --> 951.640]  I don't even know how to do this.
+[951.640 --> 956.640]  Why would you leave your dirty dishes out again?
+[956.640 --> 959.640]  I don't know.
+[959.640 --> 962.640]  I don't know.
+[962.640 --> 965.640]  I was scared.
+[965.640 --> 968.640]  I was scared.
+[968.640 --> 973.640]  I was scared.
+[973.640 --> 977.640]  I don't know.
+[977.640 --> 980.640]  I don't know.
+[980.640 --> 985.640]  Why do you think that's gay?
+[985.640 --> 989.640]  Why do you think that's gay?
+[989.640 --> 994.640]  You're a gay.
+[994.640 --> 998.640]  I'm not gay.
+[998.640 --> 1001.640]  You're gay.
+[1001.640 --> 1005.640]  I'm gay.
+[1005.640 --> 1007.640]  I'm gay.
+[1007.640 --> 1011.880]  This activity shows, final language speaks a lot of the word,
+[1011.880 --> 1014.920]  but final notes reveal that your true thoughts,
+[1014.920 --> 1017.960]  smooth and attitude of this speaker.
+[1017.960 --> 1020.680]  So, digging out a normal communication can be really hard
+[1020.680 --> 1024.440]  when you're not consciously aware of your body movements.
+[1024.440 --> 1029.040]  Now, girl cues are essential in the communication process.
+[1029.040 --> 1032.440]  So, this movie, a thousand words,
+[1032.440 --> 1034.840]  Penny Murphy plays Jack and Call,
+[1034.840 --> 1037.400]  some literally agent who's selfish,
+[1037.400 --> 1038.440]  fast-talking ways,
+[1038.440 --> 1040.840]  let him to close any yellow he wanted,
+[1040.840 --> 1045.080]  until he met Dr. Sinha, a new age group.
+[1045.080 --> 1048.440]  He sees through Jack's saggy ways,
+[1048.440 --> 1053.240]  words and create an unadulatory fear in his backyard.
+[1053.240 --> 1055.000]  The documentary are connected,
+[1055.000 --> 1057.080]  but Jack's a word elite fall off.
+[1057.080 --> 1059.640]  But all elite fall off, Jack is going to die.
+[1059.640 --> 1062.040]  We see him here with just a thousand words left,
+[1062.040 --> 1066.040]  trying to change a reason for it to leave.
+[1092.040 --> 1096.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1096.040 --> 1100.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1100.040 --> 1104.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1104.040 --> 1108.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1108.040 --> 1112.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1112.040 --> 1116.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1116.040 --> 1120.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1120.040 --> 1124.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1124.040 --> 1128.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1128.040 --> 1132.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1132.040 --> 1136.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1136.040 --> 1140.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1140.040 --> 1144.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1144.040 --> 1148.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1148.040 --> 1150.040]  I'm going to start with the first one.
+[1160.040 --> 1164.040]  You know, when she registered toьюa,
+[1164.040 --> 1166.040]  but the person knocked off this gift
+[1166.040 --> 1168.040]  was influenced byこkg� ft.
+[1168.040 --> 1172.040]  He gained motivation to get to explicit words forstand!
+[1172.040 --> 1176.040]  What's the difference between the two of you?
+[1176.040 --> 1186.040]  What did you guys think of the billion?
+[1216.040 --> 1228.040]  Did you use that anywhere he can be in the dollarable creation?
+[1228.040 --> 1238.040]  How can a dollarable creation increase your ability to escape others?
+[1238.040 --> 1250.040]  Did you use that dollarable creation that you can help yourself with?
+[1250.040 --> 1260.040]  How do you feel about it?
+[1260.040 --> 1270.040]  Do you feel like you've heard your two emotions through verbal or non-alcoholic analysis?
+[1270.040 --> 1280.040]  How can a dollarable use affect the success of a message?
+[1280.040 --> 1286.040]  It can pack the bigger perch.

transcript/workshop_I5zo19-4iss.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+[0.000 --> 1.000]  Action!
+[1.000 --> 3.360]  Hey everyone, Ben Morris here.
+[3.360 --> 5.680]  This video is brought to you by the Silt & Foundation.
+[5.680 --> 9.640]  Check them out online at thesiltandfoundation.org.
+[9.640 --> 14.720]  The Silt & Foundation gives you away $10,000 every year, as well as passes for events
+[14.720 --> 19.880]  when to help people further and continue their dance education and dance careers.
+[19.880 --> 23.360]  So if that is something you are interested in being eligible for, make sure you check
+[23.360 --> 24.360]  them out online.
+[24.360 --> 26.440]  Also they are a nonprofit organization.
+[26.440 --> 30.280]  And so if you are interested in donating and helping them further their goals and further
+[30.280 --> 33.440]  their cause, reach out about that as well.
+[33.440 --> 38.680]  Alright, so on Ben Morris, and for this video, we are going to talk about what I call
+[38.680 --> 41.320]  background body motion and West Coast Swing.
+[41.320 --> 47.800]  So background body motion, what I think of it is as very subtle upper body isolation
+[47.800 --> 53.320]  that you see in a lot of higher level dancers, that just makes them look more fluid and
+[53.320 --> 57.440]  more stiff, like right off the bat at first glance when you look at them.
+[57.440 --> 61.000]  They are not big movements, they are not even necessarily what we would think of as
+[61.000 --> 63.160]  dying lean or attempts to be musical.
+[63.160 --> 66.800]  They are just very subtle in the background.
+[66.800 --> 74.720]  So for example, if I just do a shudder push like this, versus if I do it like this, like
+[74.720 --> 79.760]  just this extra little bit, just looks like there is some breath in my upper body and
+[79.760 --> 83.920]  that second person is going to look more fluid, the first person is going to look really
+[83.920 --> 85.800]  stiff compared to that.
+[85.800 --> 92.160]  So I am going to give you kind of a set of tools and a path you can take to incorporate
+[92.160 --> 96.480]  this into your dancing if it is not something that you already do.
+[96.480 --> 99.120]  Hang on one second, just need to clear my throat.
+[99.120 --> 103.600]  I got this water bottle here to make sure that my voice will laugh through this video.
+[103.600 --> 112.000]  One first step in this process is practicing body isolation by themselves in isolation
+[112.000 --> 113.840]  one at a time.
+[113.840 --> 119.000]  And then if once that becomes comfortable, you can go to the next step.
+[119.000 --> 123.920]  And the thing about this process is that each step needs to be something that you feel
+[123.920 --> 127.600]  comfortable and natural in before you go to the next step.
+[127.600 --> 131.040]  I am going to give you all the steps in this video, but that is not necessarily how it
+[131.040 --> 132.520]  is going to work for you.
+[132.520 --> 135.000]  You might do one step for a while.
+[135.000 --> 139.800]  So the first step is just doing the isolations by themselves.
+[139.800 --> 145.080]  Then the second step is starting to combine those isolations, doing a rib cage in the
+[145.080 --> 150.280]  shoulder at the same time, going in a circle, adding a rule down as I do it.
+[150.280 --> 153.640]  I start to combine the isolations.
+[153.640 --> 159.920]  And then the third step is starting to incorporate those isolations and those combined isolations
+[159.920 --> 163.000]  into your actual dancing and your muscles swing.
+[163.000 --> 166.600]  And so as you are progressing with these steps, here is what should happen.
+[166.600 --> 170.400]  First step, all of these should feel comfortable and natural to you.
+[170.400 --> 173.040]  Then once you do, you start to combine them.
+[173.040 --> 177.640]  Now when you combine them, they should also feel comfortable and natural.
+[177.640 --> 182.440]  If you normally, if normally these two movements feel comfortable for you and then you combine
+[182.440 --> 186.200]  them and feels really awkward, it is probably not a good combination.
+[186.200 --> 189.480]  The thing is though, if you are not already comfortable in the first step, you can't
+[189.480 --> 190.480]  gauge that in the second step.
+[190.480 --> 192.480]  So you have to complete the first step.
+[192.480 --> 196.760]  Then in the second step, you have gotten really comfortable doing combined isolations and
+[196.760 --> 197.760]  putting them together.
+[197.760 --> 200.120]  Cool, now you start putting them into your dancing.
+[200.120 --> 204.160]  And if it feels like it really conflicts with what your arm, your partner and your feet
+[204.160 --> 209.120]  are doing and it feels really uncomfortable, that is probably not a good isolation or movement
+[209.120 --> 210.120]  to put there.
+[210.120 --> 213.200]  If it feels like it flows with it, then it probably is.
+[213.200 --> 219.360]  But again, you can't really gauge properly in step three until step two feels comfortable.
+[219.360 --> 225.560]  So anyways, going through these steps, obviously realizing that for you, based on where you are,
+[225.560 --> 228.840]  you may have to stop in step two and work on that for a while.
+[228.840 --> 233.040]  Or step one, where you may not even need to do step one and two in the end of this video
+[233.040 --> 235.480]  and you may skip right to step three.
+[235.480 --> 240.400]  So step one, just getting comfortable with different isolations and we're just going
+[240.400 --> 243.080]  to do a few of these.
+[243.080 --> 247.840]  So first one, shoulders, right off the bat, I want to make sure that I can take my shoulders
+[247.840 --> 255.000]  individually up and down, like this, without everything else going crazy, just up and down
+[255.000 --> 257.200]  as I'm doing that.
+[257.200 --> 264.000]  And then also that I can roll them, I can roll it forward, I can roll it backwards, both
+[264.000 --> 265.000]  of them.
+[265.000 --> 269.040]  One thing to play with when you're doing this is, normally when I roll my shoulders, I'm
+[269.040 --> 271.600]  not going to roll this one and then roll this one.
+[271.600 --> 273.160]  Now it's stuck like this.
+[273.160 --> 277.840]  You roll the shoulder and you put it back to neutral.
+[277.840 --> 282.640]  Roll the shoulder, don't leave it up here, put it back to neutral, right?
+[282.640 --> 283.880]  So just play with these.
+[283.880 --> 287.560]  And then a good guideline on the range of this motion, by the way, because sometimes people
+[287.560 --> 291.800]  get too big with the shoulders and it can look weakly, as I tell people to just do this
+[291.800 --> 294.640]  stretch right here and pull down like that.
+[294.640 --> 300.280]  Now, trying to do the shoulder isolations and you have a much smaller range of motion.
+[300.280 --> 306.440]  And that's actually about the size that we want for this background body motion that
+[306.440 --> 309.800]  we are going for right now.
+[309.800 --> 311.400]  So that's just my shoulders.
+[311.400 --> 316.040]  Now, playing with the rib cage, so getting comfortable with going to the side, notice that
+[316.040 --> 320.600]  my shoulders are staying at levels, I do this, I'm not doing that, going to the side
+[320.600 --> 322.000]  here, right?
+[322.000 --> 326.800]  For some people, it's easier if you've never done this to think about pushing over from
+[326.800 --> 327.800]  this side.
+[327.800 --> 331.640]  For some people, it's easier to think about the muscle on this side, pushing there or pulling
+[331.640 --> 334.440]  from this one, right here.
+[334.440 --> 338.840]  That also I will push forward with my chest, round back.
+[338.840 --> 342.760]  When we round back though, we don't round super far like that.
+[342.760 --> 347.880]  You'll notice the range of motion here is larger than the range of motion that we'll use
+[347.880 --> 348.880]  here.
+[348.880 --> 355.440]  Now we've got that side forward, back.
+[355.440 --> 357.640]  Try taking this on diagonals, right?
+[357.640 --> 363.640]  So I might go diagonally forward, diagonally forward into the right, diagonally back into
+[363.640 --> 365.480]  the left.
+[365.480 --> 373.560]  Then, good way to practice back, go forward, move it over and just make a box here.
+[373.560 --> 378.000]  And then try doing just a piece of that, like maybe I just do this part.
+[378.000 --> 379.000]  Maybe I just do that part.
+[379.000 --> 383.240]  Maybe just here, just there and back.
+[383.240 --> 384.840]  So just playing with those different motions.
+[384.840 --> 387.000]  So we got these guys.
+[387.000 --> 390.600]  We got all these.
+[390.600 --> 393.800]  Also, easy one, but we use it as tilt.
+[393.800 --> 399.240]  We do actually use this sometimes, right here, as well.
+[399.240 --> 400.240]  Go.
+[400.240 --> 404.000]  And then another one that I think is very, very useful that you're going to want to be able
+[404.000 --> 407.480]  to incorporate is body rolls, body weight, small ones.
+[407.480 --> 408.480]  If you haven't done them before.
+[408.480 --> 412.760]  Now, having said that, even though we're going to incorporate small ones, and that's kind
+[412.760 --> 417.880]  of true for all these motions, oftentimes we have to do it really big to learn it and
+[417.880 --> 420.280]  then shrink it down, right?
+[420.280 --> 421.280]  Okay.
+[421.280 --> 423.280]  So, forward body roll, right?
+[423.280 --> 427.080]  The one that we want to use is just this guy, right here where we're going down.
+[427.080 --> 431.960]  So a lot of times a good way for people to learn this is really exaggerated, starting
+[431.960 --> 438.800]  from the head, stagger your feet and think, head goes back, then shoulders, chest, belly
+[438.800 --> 439.800]  button, hips.
+[439.800 --> 442.760]  We're not going to do this one, though, right?
+[442.760 --> 444.560]  We're just going to do this.
+[444.560 --> 445.560]  Okay, cool.
+[445.560 --> 447.960]  Just do that again.
+[447.960 --> 448.960]  Boom.
+[448.960 --> 450.960]  Boom.
+[450.960 --> 454.720]  Some of you, that one's going to take some practice and that's totally fine.
+[454.720 --> 459.520]  Another way that I like to do that, this would be a little hard for you to see right now,
+[459.520 --> 464.040]  if I'm facing the wall right here, so in vision there's a wall right in front of me,
+[464.040 --> 469.640]  I'll go forward to meet it and then peel myself off of it.
+[469.640 --> 471.000]  Is a good way to do that.
+[471.000 --> 477.240]  And then some people really struggle with getting that motion and they're up or back,
+[477.240 --> 483.160]  like understanding that arch, a foam roller can help teach this to you for you.
+[483.160 --> 486.800]  You actually lay over it, let me use this to teach people by your goals and then you
+[486.800 --> 490.160]  push yourself back and you go head, shoulders.
+[490.160 --> 494.960]  Now, this is the motion that I just had your back doing.
+[494.960 --> 497.760]  So you can get you to foam roller like that.
+[497.760 --> 499.600]  That actually forced you to do it.
+[499.600 --> 502.160]  I wonder how much dust is on my back now.
+[502.160 --> 504.400]  And then hopefully you'll master it for yourself.
+[504.400 --> 507.800]  And then what you want to be able to do is you want to be able to do it in a loop.
+[507.800 --> 512.160]  So a lot of times people think that this as a roll and this is the bottom.
+[512.160 --> 513.160]  Okay.
+[513.160 --> 515.600]  Now do it, but don't do it by sitting down at the end.
+[515.600 --> 519.560]  We're just going to do it where it's purely a back and forth motion.
+[519.560 --> 524.440]  So I'm just going back or rather I'm going forward and then back.
+[524.440 --> 525.440]  Right.
+[525.440 --> 526.440]  I didn't go down.
+[526.440 --> 527.440]  Then do it again.
+[527.440 --> 531.240]  And as soon as your hips go back to finish, start again.
+[531.240 --> 532.920]  So now I'm doing this on a loop.
+[532.920 --> 535.640]  And if I'm doing this on a loop, what's the beginning?
+[535.640 --> 538.560]  My head, my back, my hips going back.
+[538.560 --> 545.160]  I could start this here or I could start it like that or I could start it like this.
+[545.160 --> 548.440]  So get comfortable doing this on a loop.
+[548.440 --> 552.520]  Call this the Mermaid or Mermaid, but do it small, right?
+[552.520 --> 554.640]  As opposed to really, really big.
+[554.640 --> 555.640]  Cool.
+[555.640 --> 560.000]  So those are a bunch of isolation motions to get on their own.
+[560.000 --> 565.880]  Once those start to feel really comfortable, you want to start combining them.
+[565.880 --> 568.880]  So some different ones that I might do in combination.
+[568.880 --> 573.000]  A lot of times when we go to the side with the rib cage, we'll push your shoulder up.
+[573.880 --> 575.160]  Oh, really quick.
+[575.160 --> 576.360]  One I forgot, super easy.
+[576.360 --> 580.600]  I mentioned the tilt here is just rotating like this.
+[580.600 --> 581.600]  Right?
+[581.600 --> 582.600]  Just that.
+[582.600 --> 583.600]  Cool.
+[583.600 --> 584.600]  Easy rotation.
+[584.600 --> 585.600]  Great.
+[585.600 --> 586.600]  Okay.
+[586.600 --> 590.240]  So one that I use a lot and we're going to the side with the rib cage, shoulder going up,
+[590.240 --> 593.200]  shoulder going up, shoulder going up.
+[593.200 --> 596.720]  Now to talk about what I mean when I say it, sometimes it feels really awkward if you do
+[596.720 --> 597.720]  it wrong.
+[597.720 --> 602.960]  Try going to, for me, the left if you're mirroring me to your right and push that shoulder
+[602.960 --> 603.960]  down.
+[603.960 --> 608.320]  It feels super weird like a chance back in your shoulder play.
+[608.320 --> 612.040]  Lifting it up makes it easier to do, right?
+[612.040 --> 615.040]  Another one that I'll do is with rotation.
+[615.040 --> 618.400]  I will take whichever direction I'm twisting, right?
+[618.400 --> 621.400]  That'll turn around so that you can do it in the same direction as me.
+[621.400 --> 627.440]  Whichever direction I'm twisting, that shoulder can roll backwards or the opposite shoulder
+[627.440 --> 628.440]  can roll forwards.
+[628.440 --> 632.920]  So twist the right, right shoulder back or twist the right, left shoulder forward.
+[632.920 --> 636.520]  I don't usually do both at the same time.
+[636.520 --> 638.240]  That feels kind of weird.
+[638.240 --> 642.800]  So to see what I mean about what it feels when it's awkward, try twisting the left and
+[642.800 --> 644.640]  take your left shoulder forward.
+[644.640 --> 646.840]  Oh, feels super awkward.
+[646.840 --> 649.240]  Try twisting the left and take your right shoulder back.
+[649.240 --> 651.080]  Guh, feels really weird.
+[651.080 --> 656.120]  If I'm twisting the left, left shoulder goes back or right shoulder goes forward.
+[656.120 --> 662.480]  And that gets you this or this, for example.
+[662.480 --> 663.480]  Right?
+[663.480 --> 668.120]  Or I might start doing that while I'm pushing on the rib cage.
+[668.120 --> 674.880]  Or maybe I'm doing my body roll with rotation or with shoulders.
+[674.880 --> 679.520]  And so the idea is eventually I want you to take these body isolations and styling.
+[679.520 --> 686.200]  And I want you to be comfortable just moving around and doing almost kind of non-specific
+[686.200 --> 687.200]  isolations.
+[687.200 --> 689.800]  Like I don't care exactly what you're doing.
+[689.800 --> 697.240]  The idea is just that you can do a few of them together rather than I can only do my shoulder
+[697.240 --> 698.240]  at one time.
+[698.240 --> 700.880]  And then something to focus on when you're practicing these.
+[700.880 --> 705.080]  Because again, we want these to be what I call our background body motion as opposed to
+[705.080 --> 707.320]  like a big statement.
+[707.320 --> 708.320]  So three things.
+[708.320 --> 711.760]  When I'm doing this, I do things smoothly.
+[711.760 --> 716.720]  I do them slowly and I do them small, right?
+[716.720 --> 718.680]  So let's say I'm talking about a body roll.
+[718.680 --> 722.760]  If I chop it up, that's probably hitting something in the music.
+[722.760 --> 727.360]  If I make a huge, that's something in the music.
+[727.360 --> 731.000]  If I make it quick, that's something in the music.
+[731.000 --> 737.840]  If I do it small, smooth and slow, I was like, which one did I forget?
+[737.840 --> 739.840]  That's not really making a big statement.
+[739.840 --> 744.160]  That just looked like part of my anchor versus if I do nothing.
+[744.160 --> 749.160]  So now hopefully you progress to the phase where you can do some of these different movements
+[749.160 --> 752.960]  in combination with each other.
+[752.960 --> 755.560]  And then we progress to adding them into the dance.
+[755.560 --> 759.160]  And the place that I like to start with this is just in your anchor position.
+[759.160 --> 764.120]  And this is actually great to do with a partner if you have one or you can just mimic it
+[764.120 --> 766.560]  or hold on to something or hold on to a resistance band.
+[766.560 --> 769.560]  It's nice just to make sure that you are maintaining resistance.
+[769.560 --> 771.320]  And I don't even worry about the triple.
+[771.320 --> 776.680]  And I just have people work on developing the stretch like this and feeling what motions
+[776.680 --> 778.160]  work really well right here.
+[778.160 --> 782.040]  And there's a few different ones, actually a lot of different ones that I really like
+[782.040 --> 783.880]  the feeling of.
+[783.880 --> 788.480]  Sometimes I will go kind of chest forward and then back.
+[788.480 --> 794.960]  Sometimes I'll actually do the opposite all round and then go back to my chest being neutral.
+[794.960 --> 799.440]  Sometimes I like to do kind of a twist and an out, so I'll rotate in and then out.
+[799.440 --> 801.480]  But that works really well with the shoulders.
+[801.480 --> 805.680]  So I'll go right shoulder, left shoulder as I do it.
+[805.680 --> 813.440]  Or sometimes I'll just slowly go left shoulder, five, six instead of five, six.
+[813.440 --> 821.320]  Followers, everything I'm doing here works for you as well.
+[821.320 --> 822.320]  You just mirror it.
+[822.320 --> 826.040]  So this is obviously there's certain things that you may refer as a leader or prefer as a
+[826.040 --> 827.040]  leader.
+[827.040 --> 828.640]  But most of this is interchangeable.
+[828.640 --> 830.160]  It's just your stylistic choice.
+[830.160 --> 834.600]  Let's see, this was a little more challenging, a little more specific.
+[834.600 --> 843.080]  But one I really like is to combine that rotation, roll the shoulders and push through the
+[843.080 --> 844.960]  rib cage.
+[844.960 --> 849.840]  So I'm rolling the shoulders, rotating the body, pushing the rib cage.
+[849.840 --> 854.520]  So as my shoulder comes down, it pushes the rib cage the other way as that shoulder comes
+[854.520 --> 855.520]  up.
+[855.520 --> 860.120]  So I'll start by doing this here.
+[860.120 --> 861.440]  Then start to add the rotation.
+[861.440 --> 868.640]  And I might go five, six, five, six, or just five, six.
+[868.640 --> 873.520]  The circle we talked about when I had this one at the beginning, I might go like this five,
+[873.520 --> 879.920]  six and just kind of go from like as a leader, 12 o'clock to three o'clock, as a follower,
+[879.920 --> 883.720]  12 o'clock to nine o'clock.
+[883.720 --> 887.040]  And then getting into the body way, this one becomes really useful.
+[887.040 --> 888.720]  There's three ways you can use it.
+[888.720 --> 894.760]  You can start by kind of going chest forward, five, six and finish night hip.
+[894.760 --> 897.240]  You can start by just going shoulder blades back.
+[897.240 --> 901.960]  This would be kind of like if you were on the phone roller, five, six and a, where you
+[901.960 --> 907.520]  can start with the hips back, five, six and a, to finish right there.
+[907.520 --> 915.280]  And then this might be combined with a little bit of twist, for example, right?
+[915.280 --> 917.240]  And so once again, as you're playing with this, you'll try.
+[917.240 --> 920.960]  So I might give you a bunch of different options, but you can try mixing them in.
+[920.960 --> 922.800]  And then some things make the overall awkward.
+[922.800 --> 924.280]  You'll be like, okay, that's not a good one.
+[924.280 --> 926.440]  And then some make the whole length that click really well.
+[926.440 --> 928.600]  So we tried that initially without the triple step.
+[928.600 --> 935.240]  And then once some of them start to feel good, try doing your triple step underneath it
+[935.240 --> 941.400]  as you try some of these options.
+[941.400 --> 947.680]  And then I find that this background of upper body motion, it's nice and important through
+[947.680 --> 953.120]  the whole dance, I think, but the most important place and the reason we're focusing on it is
+[953.120 --> 955.920]  the anchor right here for a couple of reasons.
+[955.920 --> 961.000]  One, it's this constant moment that shows up in the dance where we are out on our own
+[961.000 --> 963.480]  and exposed for people to see how we move.
+[963.480 --> 968.000]  And if we do all these cool movements in styling and we get to here, we're like, guh, guh,
+[968.000 --> 969.520]  guh, looks kind of stuck.
+[969.520 --> 974.520]  So it's nice to have that breath in the body as we're going through there.
+[974.520 --> 979.440]  And then two, when we get into our moves and the followers turning and we're doing stuff
+[979.440 --> 983.680]  with our arms and whatnot, like it's great if you have good motion through that as well.
+[983.680 --> 985.880]  That's really the ideal.
+[985.880 --> 992.040]  Now everything else distracts from it versus in this moment, like just how we move is
+[992.040 --> 994.240]  the focus and it comes more important.
+[994.240 --> 998.600]  And then what I find happens a lot of times is when people work on their movement here
+[998.600 --> 1004.360]  and the anchor, it tends to bleed out to before and after because as they're getting ready
+[1004.360 --> 1009.000]  to do something here a lot of times, it will influence the way you take your step before
+[1009.000 --> 1010.000]  the anchor.
+[1010.000 --> 1016.040]  And then if I'm doing this by roll five, six people don't then usually turn into a stiff
+[1016.040 --> 1017.040]  robot on one.
+[1017.040 --> 1025.080]  They'll be like five, six and then that influences the way they might do their one, two for example
+[1025.080 --> 1030.440]  for both again the leaders and the followers it plays into the next piece.
+[1030.440 --> 1038.080]  You don't tend to see people go, look how fluid I am shoulder, robot doesn't tend to happen.
+[1038.080 --> 1043.800]  So it's a really good first place to start to get this background body motion and fluidity
+[1043.800 --> 1044.800]  into your dancing.
+[1044.800 --> 1049.760]  So one more time you've got the three step process, isolation in isolation, combining
+[1049.760 --> 1055.160]  the isolation but out of context of West Coast swing, then try and put those isolations
+[1055.160 --> 1060.520]  into our West Coast swing and we start by doing that in our anchor first without a triple
+[1060.520 --> 1065.200]  and then eventually with the triple and then that helps start the process of incorporating
+[1065.200 --> 1066.640]  that into our dance.
+[1066.640 --> 1070.920]  Once again I'm Ben Morris, check me out online at Ben Morris Dance.com and of course thank
+[1070.920 --> 1077.520]  you again to the Silton Foundation for sponsoring this video, check them out at thesiltonfoundation.org.
+[1077.520 --> 1078.160]  Thanks everybody.

transcript/workshop_MmN_W7ncL2I.txt

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+[0.000 --> 20.000]  Music
+[21.000 --> 24.000]  Body language is a key part of communication.
+[24.000 --> 33.000]  In fact, our facial expressions, pan gestures, and postures can often tell our listeners much more than our words can.
+[33.000 --> 38.000]  So it is important to use effective and positive body language in the workplace.
+[38.000 --> 44.000]  The following two-part video shows how a hotel employee uses body language in the workplace.
+[44.000 --> 51.000]  The first video shows the employee using body language that negatively impacts her interaction with a customer.
+[51.000 --> 58.000]  While the second video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[58.000 --> 65.000]  We turn now to Elk Lodge Suites to watch these gestures and body language demonstrate workplace communication.
+[65.000 --> 71.000]  The second video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[95.000 --> 102.000]  The second video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[102.000 --> 109.000]  The second video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[109.000 --> 116.000]  The second video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[116.000 --> 122.000]  The second video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[122.000 --> 129.000]  The second video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[129.000 --> 136.000]  The second video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[136.000 --> 143.000]  The third video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[143.000 --> 149.000]  The third video shows the employee using body language to positively enhance her workplace communication.
+[150.000 --> 157.000]  As you saw, the employee in this video sent the wrong message to the customer through her body language and gestures.
+[157.000 --> 162.000]  So much for being the best hotel slash motel and black diamond, hashtag terrible.
+[162.000 --> 169.000]  We return now to Elk Lodge Suites where our customer service representative gets a second chance.
+[169.000 --> 179.000]  Welcome to Elk Lodge Suites.
+[179.000 --> 180.000]  Welcome to Elk Lodge Suites.
+[180.000 --> 182.000]  Hi, welcome to Elk Lodge Suites.
+[182.000 --> 183.000]  I've just called you from Calgary.
+[183.000 --> 184.000]  I'm monitoring the check in.
+[184.000 --> 185.000]  I've just called you from Calgary.
+[185.000 --> 187.000]  I'm monitoring the check in, please.
+[187.000 --> 189.000]  Okay, um, what is your last name.
+[189.000 --> 190.000]  Smith.
+[190.000 --> 191.000]  Smith.
+[191.000 --> 192.000]  Smith.
+[192.000 --> 193.000]  Smith.
+[193.000 --> 195.000]  Okay, let me look for the reservation.
+[195.000 --> 198.000]  Okay, let me look for your reservation.
+[198.000 --> 202.720]  much. I'm pretty tired and wondering if you might be able to tell me where I can find the elevators.
+[202.720 --> 209.200]  Oh sure. They're down the hallway. You will turn right and you will see them on your left.
+[209.200 --> 221.120]  Okay thank you so much. Yeah you're welcome. Enjoy your stay. Okay thank you.