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+0	Making sense of principal component analysis, eigenvectors & eigenvalues
+1	How to choose the number of hidden layers and nodes in a feedforward neural network?
+2	What is the difference between likelihood and probability?
+3	What is the intuition behind beta distribution?
+4	What is the difference between test set and validation set?
+5	Why square the difference instead of taking the absolute value in standard deviation?
+6	Relationship between SVD and PCA. How to use SVD to perform PCA?
+7	The Two Cultures: statistics vs. machine learning?
+8	How to understand the drawbacks of K-means
+9	Bayesian and frequentist reasoning in plain English
+10	Explaining to laypeople why bootstrapping works
+11	Python as a statistics workbench
+12	When conducting multiple regression, when should you center your predictor variables & when should you standardize them?
+13	What happens if the explanatory and response variables are sorted independently before regression?
+14	What is your favorite data analysis cartoon?
+15	What is the difference between fixed effect, random effect and mixed effect models?
+16	Difference between logit and probit models
+17	How to normalize data to 0-1 range?
+18	Is normality testing essentially useless?
+19	Why is Euclidean distance not a good metric in high dimensions?
+20	What is the trade-off between batch size and number of iterations to train a neural network?
+21	How to understand degrees of freedom?
+22	Bagging, boosting and stacking in machine learning
+23	Whats the difference between a confidence interval and a credible interval?
+24	What is the meaning of p values and t values in statistical tests?
+25	Famous statistical quotations
+26	What does AUC stand for and what is it?
+27	Why does a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) not imply a 95% chance of containing the mean?
+28	What should I do when my neural network doesnt learn?
+29	Interpretation of Rs lm() output
+30	Is $R^2$ useful or dangerous?
+31	How would you explain Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) to a layperson?
+32	Is there any reason to prefer the AIC or BIC over the other?
+33	How would you explain covariance to someone who understands only the mean?
+34	What is batch size in neural network?
+35	What are common statistical sins?
+36	What are the differences between Factor Analysis and Principal Component Analysis?
+37	How to know that your machine learning problem is hopeless?
+38	How to choose a predictive model after k-fold cross-validation?
+39	What is the best introductory Bayesian statistics textbook?
+40	Algorithms for automatic model selection
+41	What is the difference between data mining, statistics, machine learning and AI?
+42	Which mean to use and when?
+43	When (and why) should you take the log of a distribution (of numbers)?
+44	How should I transform non-negative data including zeros?
+45	ROC vs precision-and-recall curves
+46	How to interpret a QQ plot
+47	Why is Newtons method not widely used in machine learning?
+48	What does the hidden layer in a neural network compute?
+49	When should I use lasso vs ridge?
+50	In linear regression, when is it appropriate to use the log of an independent variable instead of the actual values?
+51	Can principal component analysis be applied to datasets containing a mix of continuous and categorical variables?
+52	How to deal with perfect separation in logistic regression?
+53	Rs lmer cheat sheet
+54	What is a data scientist?
+55	How do I get the number of rows of a data.frame in R?
+56	How to summarize data by group in R?
+57	PCA on correlation or covariance?
+58	How exactly does one “control for other variables”?
+59	Generative vs. discriminative
+60	Intuitive explanation for dividing by $n-1$ when calculating standard deviation?
+61	Why the sudden fascination with tensors?
+62	What are the advantages of ReLU over sigmoid function in deep neural networks?
+63	What intuitive explanation is there for the central limit theorem?
+64	How to determine which distribution fits my data best?
+65	Statistics Jokes
+66	Why do we need sigma-algebras to define probability spaces?
+67	A list of cost functions used in neural networks, alongside applications
+68	Choice of K in K-fold cross-validation
+69	Can a probability distribution value exceeding 1 be OK?
+70	Training on the full dataset after cross-validation?
+71	Whats the difference between variance and standard deviation?
+72	What does 1x1 convolution mean in a neural network?
+73	Cohens kappa in plain English
+74	Why is accuracy not the best measure for assessing classification models?
+75	Does Julia have any hope of sticking in the statistical community?
+76	What is the influence of C in SVMs with linear kernel?
+77	How does Keras Embedding layer work?
+78	Gradient Boosting Tree vs Random Forest
+79	How to intuitively explain what a kernel is?
+80	Are large data sets inappropriate for hypothesis testing?
+81	What is the difference between a consistent estimator and an unbiased estimator?
+82	Whats the difference between Normalization and Standardization?
+83	What is the difference between a neural network and a deep neural network, and why do the deep ones work better?
+84	Bottom to top explanation of the Mahalanobis distance?
+85	Whats the difference between principal component analysis and multidimensional scaling?
+86	R vs SAS, why is SAS preferred by private companies?
+87	When is it ok to remove the intercept in a linear regression model?
+88	Deriving the conditional distributions of a multivariate normal distribution
+89	The Sleeping Beauty Paradox
+90	How to reverse PCA and reconstruct original variables from several principal components?
+91	Amazon interview question—probability of 2nd interview
+92	How are the standard errors of coefficients calculated in a regression?
+93	Why are p-values uniformly distributed under the null hypothesis?
+94	Correlations with unordered categorical variables
+95	Does causation imply correlation?
+96	How to choose between Pearson and Spearman correlation?
+97	Help me understand Bayesian prior and posterior distributions
+98	Is Facebook coming to an end?
+99	Pearsons or Spearmans correlation with non-normal data
+100	Obtaining knowledge from a random forest
+101	Crossed vs nested random effects: how do they differ and how are they specified correctly in lme4?
+102	When is R squared negative?
+103	Batch gradient descent versus stochastic gradient descent
+104	Whats the difference between probability and statistics?
+105	Objective function, cost function, loss function: are they the same thing?
+106	What is the difference between linear regression and logistic regression?
+107	Why normalize images by subtracting datasets image mean, instead of the current image mean in deep learning?
+108	Why L1 norm for sparse models
+109	What is the difference between convolutional neural networks, restricted Boltzmann machines, and auto-encoders?
+110	Should one remove highly correlated variables before doing PCA?
+111	What if residuals are normally distributed, but y is not?
+112	What is the difference between linear regression on y with x and x with y?
+113	Why does a time series have to be stationary?
+114	Percentile vs quantile vs quartile
+115	What is the .632+ rule in bootstrapping?
+116	Whats wrong with XKCDs Frequentists vs. Bayesians comic?
+117	Differences between cross validation and bootstrapping to estimate the prediction error
+118	Free statistical textbooks
+119	What is the difference between off-policy and on-policy learning?
+120	Difference between neural net weight decay and learning rate
+121	Numerical example to understand Expectation-Maximization
+122	Why does the Cauchy distribution have no mean?
+123	Is there an intuitive interpretation of $A^TA$ for a data matrix $A$?
+124	Removal of statistically significant intercept term increases $R^2$ in linear model
+125	Nested cross validation for model selection
+126	How would you explain the difference between correlation and covariance?
+127	How does a Support Vector Machine (SVM) work?
+128	What exactly are keys, queries, and values in attention mechanisms?
+129	Most interesting statistical paradoxes
+130	Books for self-studying time series analysis?
+131	Clustering on the output of t-SNE
+132	At each step of a limiting infinite process, put 10 balls in an urn and remove one at random. How many balls are left?
+133	How to choose between t-test or non-parametric test e.g. Wilcoxon in small samples
+134	When to use gamma GLMs?
+135	Assessing approximate distribution of data based on a histogram
+136	ASA discusses limitations of $p$-values - what are the alternatives?
+137	Bias and variance in leave-one-out vs K-fold cross validation
+138	If 900 out of 1000 people say a car is blue, what is the probability that it is blue?
+139	Is it possible to have a pair of Gaussian random variables for which the joint distribution is not Gaussian?
+140	Whats a real-world example of overfitting?
+141	What skills are required to perform large scale statistical analyses?
+142	Intuitive explanation of unit root
+143	Comprehensive list of activation functions in neural networks with pros/cons
+144	What misused statistical terms are worth correcting?
+145	PCA and proportion of variance explained
+146	Why are neural networks becoming deeper, but not wider?
+147	Is it possible to train a neural network without backpropagation?
+148	Where should I place dropout layers in a neural network?
+149	What is an embedding layer in a neural network?
+150	Difference between confidence intervals and prediction intervals
+151	Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) in layman terms
+152	Detecting a given face in a database of facial images
+153	How do you calculate precision and recall for multiclass classification using confusion matrix?
+154	tanh activation function vs sigmoid activation function
+155	KL divergence between two univariate Gaussians
+156	Difference between standard error and standard deviation
+157	What does a closed-form solution mean?
+158	US Election results 2016: What went wrong with prediction models?
+159	When should linear regression be called machine learning?
+160	Calculating optimal number of bins in a histogram
+161	What is covariance in plain language?
+162	How to select kernel for SVM?
+163	Conditional inference trees vs traditional decision trees
+164	How to annoy a statistical referee?
+165	T-test for non normal when N>50?
+166	What loss function for multi-class, multi-label classification tasks in neural networks?
+167	What are the main differences between K-means and K-nearest neighbours?
+168	What is rank deficiency, and how to deal with it?
+169	Best series of colors to use for differentiating series in publication-quality plots
+170	Why use gradient descent for linear regression, when a closed-form math solution is available?
+171	Locating freely available data samples
+172	Why does the Lasso provide Variable Selection?
+173	Explain Curse of dimensionality to a child
+174	What book would you recommend for non-statistician scientists?
+175	Softmax vs Sigmoid function in Logistic classifier?
+176	Does an unbalanced sample matter when doing logistic regression?
+177	Diagnostic plots for count regression
+178	Is this really how p-values work? Can a million research papers per year be based on pure randomness?
+179	Whats the difference between correlation and simple linear regression?
+180	Using k-fold cross-validation for time-series model selection
+181	What is the difference between zero-inflated and hurdle models?
+182	Including the interaction but not the main effects in a model
+183	Validation Error less than training error?
+184	How scared should we be about convergence warnings in lme4
+185	Is there an intuitive explanation why multicollinearity is a problem in linear regression?
+186	Interpreting plot.lm()
+187	What is the best way to identify outliers in multivariate data?
+188	What is the role of the logarithm in Shannons entropy?
+189	What are examples where a naive bootstrap fails?
+190	Why do we need to normalize data before principal component analysis (PCA)?
+191	Simple algorithm for online outlier detection of a generic time series
+192	Understanding variance intuitively
+193	Can someone explain Gibbs sampling in very simple words?
+194	What is the benefit of breaking up a continuous predictor variable?
+195	Why isnt Logistic Regression called Logistic Classification?
+196	Generate a random variable with a defined correlation to an existing variable(s)
+197	What, precisely, is a confidence interval?
+198	Why is ANOVA taught / used as if it is a different research methodology compared to linear regression?
+199	Under what conditions does correlation imply causation?
+200	How to choose nlme or lme4 R library for mixed effects models?
+201	Is there a way to remember the definitions of Type I and Type II Errors?
+202	Feature selection and cross-validation
+203	How much do we know about p-hacking in the wild?
+204	How to calculate Area Under the Curve (AUC), or the c-statistic, by hand
+205	Who Are The Bayesians?
+206	Essential data checking tests
+207	What is the relation between k-means clustering and PCA?
+208	Solving for regression parameters in closed-form vs gradient descent
+209	When to use regularization methods for regression?
+210	Convergence in probability vs. almost sure convergence
+211	If mean is so sensitive, why use it in the first place?
+212	How to efficiently manage a statistical analysis project?
+213	If I have a 58% chance of winning a point, whats the chance of me winning a ping pong game to 21, win by 2?
+214	Is it necessary to scale the target value in addition to scaling features for regression analysis?
+215	Mean absolute error OR root mean squared error?
+216	How to apply Neural Network to time series forecasting?
+217	Feature selection for final model when performing cross-validation in machine learning
+218	The Book of Why by Judea Pearl: Why is he bashing statistics?
+219	Given the power of computers these days, is there ever a reason to do a chi-squared test rather than Fishers exact test?
+220	Relationship between poisson and exponential distribution
+221	How to produce a pretty plot of the results of k-means cluster analysis?
+222	Correlation between a nominal (IV) and a continuous (DV) variable
+223	Does the variance of a sum equal the sum of the variances?
+224	How does the reparameterization trick for VAEs work and why is it important?
+225	Why to optimize max log probability instead of probability
+226	What is meant by a random variable?
+227	Are there any examples where Bayesian credible intervals are obviously inferior to frequentist confidence intervals
+228	How to compute precision/recall for multiclass-multilabel classification?
+229	What is the lasso in regression analysis?
+230	What is the difference between Multiclass and Multilabel Problem
+231	How to tell if data is clustered enough for clustering algorithms to produce meaningful results?
+232	Principled way of collapsing categorical variables with many levels?
+233	Rules of thumb for modern statistics
+234	How to sum a standard deviation?
+235	How does the correlation coefficient differ from regression slope?
+236	How should outliers be dealt with in linear regression analysis?
+237	Loadings vs eigenvectors in PCA: when to use one or another?
+238	What do you call an average that does not include outliers?
+239	How is it possible that validation loss is increasing while validation accuracy is increasing as well
+240	Kendall Tau or Spearmans rho?
+241	When to use an offset in a Poisson regression?
+242	What is a complete list of the usual assumptions for linear regression?
+243	What is an uninformative prior? Can we ever have one with truly no information?
+244	What is the single most influential book every statistician should read?
+245	Is there a minimum sample size required for the t-test to be valid?
+246	Calculating the parameters of a Beta distribution using the mean and variance
+247	Resampling / simulation methods: monte carlo, bootstrapping, jackknifing, cross-validation, randomization tests, and permutation tests
+248	Euclidean distance is usually not good for sparse data (and more general case)?
+249	What are principal component scores?
+250	An example: LASSO regression using glmnet for binary outcome
+251	How to plot ROC curves in multiclass classification?
+252	When to use Fisher and Neyman-Pearson framework?
+253	What are modern, easily used alternatives to stepwise regression?
+254	Line of best fit does not look like a good fit. Why?
+255	Why should I be Bayesian when my model is wrong?
+256	Why havent robust (and resistant) statistics replaced classical techniques?
+257	What is the meaning of All models are wrong, but some are useful
+258	Cross-Validation in plain english?
+259	Subscript notation in expectations
+260	What correlation makes a matrix singular and what are implications of singularity or near-singularity?
+261	What is restricted maximum likelihood and when should it be used?
+262	What do the residuals in a logistic regression mean?
+263	Why is it possible to get significant F statistic (p<.001) but non-significant regressor t-tests?
+264	What is the difference between a link function and a canonical link function for GLM
+265	What are the big problems in statistics?
+266	Mathematician wants the equivalent knowledge to a quality stats degree
+267	Examples for teaching: Correlation does not mean causation
+268	Why does k-means clustering algorithm use only Euclidean distance metric?
+269	Why is ridge regression called ridge, why is it needed, and what happens when $\lambda$ goes to infinity?
+270	When (if ever) is a frequentist approach substantively better than a Bayesian?
+271	How to interpret an inverse covariance or precision matrix?
+272	When is unbalanced data really a problem in Machine Learning?
+273	XKCDs modified Bayes theorem: actually kinda reasonable?
+274	Regarding p-values, why 1% and 5%? Why not 6% or 10%?
+275	Probability of a single real-life future event: What does it mean when they say that Hillary has a 75% chance of winning?
+276	Best way to present a random forest in a publication?
+277	Why is the L2 regularization equivalent to Gaussian prior?
+278	Mutual information versus correlation
+279	Please explain the waiting paradox
+280	Help me understand Support Vector Machines
+281	How to generate uniformly distributed points on the surface of the 3-d unit sphere?
+282	Choosing a clustering method
+283	Can bootstrap be seen as a cure for the small sample size?
+284	What is regularization in plain english?
+285	Whatre the differences between PCA and autoencoder?
+286	What is the reason that a likelihood function is not a pdf?
+287	How to visualize what canonical correlation analysis does (in comparison to what principal component analysis does)?
+288	Likelihood ratio vs Bayes Factor
+289	Skills hard to find in machine learners?
+290	Is there a name for the phenomenon of false positives counterintuitively outstripping true positives
+291	Rules of thumb for minimum sample size for multiple regression
+292	Explain the difference between multiple regression and multivariate regression, with minimal use of symbols/math
+293	What algorithm should I use to detect anomalies on time-series?
+294	How to interpret coefficients in a Poisson regression?
+295	What is the difference between R functions prcomp and princomp?
+296	What is an ablation study? And is there a systematic way to perform it?
+297	Free resources for learning R
+298	On the importance of the i.i.d. assumption in statistical learning
+299	What is a kernel in plain English?
+300	Famous statistical wins and horror stories for teaching purposes
+301	How to obtain the p-value (check significance) of an effect in a lme4 mixed model?
+302	Why not approach classification through regression?
+303	What are disadvantages of using the lasso for variable selection for regression?
+304	Diagnostics for logistic regression?
+305	Shape of confidence interval for predicted values in linear regression
+306	Is there any good reason to use PCA instead of EFA? Also, can PCA be a substitute for factor analysis?
+307	What is the best way to remember the difference between sensitivity, specificity, precision, accuracy, and recall?
+308	Variable selection for predictive modeling really needed in 2016?
+309	What are the major philosophical, methodological, and terminological differences between econometrics and other statistical fields?
+310	How does a simple logistic regression model achieve a 92% classification accuracy on MNIST?
+311	What is global max pooling layer and what is its advantage over maxpooling layer?
+312	What is wrong with extrapolation?
+313	How exactly did statisticians agree to using (n-1) as the unbiased estimator for population variance without simulation?
+314	Bayes regression: how is it done in comparison to standard regression?
+315	Does no correlation imply no causality?
+316	Do not vote, one vote will not reverse election results. What is wrong with this reasoning?
+317	Impractical question: is it possible to find the regression line using a ruler and compass?
+318	How and why do normalization and feature scaling work?
+319	What are good initial weights in a neural network?
+320	Multivariate multiple regression in R
+321	Why does including latitude and longitude in a GAM account for spatial autocorrelation?
+322	Why do neural network researchers care about epochs?
+323	Whats so moment about moments of a probability distribution?
+324	How to split the dataset for cross validation, learning curve, and final evaluation?
+325	Practical questions on tuning Random Forests
+326	What is an intuitive explanation for how PCA turns from a geometric problem (with distances) to a linear algebra problem (with eigenvectors)?
+327	What is the intuition behind SVD?
+328	Model for predicting number of Youtube views of Gangnam Style
+329	What are some of the most common misconceptions about linear regression?
+330	Unified view on shrinkage: what is the relation (if any) between Steins paradox, ridge regression, and random effects in mixed models?
+331	What is the difference between discrete data and continuous data?
+332	What are good RMSE values?
+333	Good GUI for R suitable for a beginner wanting to learn programming in R?
+334	Where to cut a dendrogram?
+335	When to use generalized estimating equations vs. mixed effects models?
+336	Having a job in data-mining without a PhD
+337	Practical thoughts on explanatory vs. predictive modeling
+338	Complete substantive examples of reproducible research using R
+339	What method can be used to detect seasonality in data?
+340	Understanding ROC curve
+341	What is the difference between ZCA whitening and PCA whitening?
+342	Do all interactions terms need their individual terms in regression model?
+343	What makes the Gaussian kernel so magical for PCA, and also in general?
+344	How should tiny $p$-values be reported? (and why does R put a minimum on 2.22e-16?)
+345	A psychology journal banned p-values and confidence intervals; is it indeed wise to stop using them?
+346	Removing duplicated rows data frame in R
+347	How to actually plot a sample tree from randomForest::getTree()?
+348	Understanding stratified cross-validation
+349	How to tune hyperparameters of xgboost trees?
+350	Basic question about Fisher Information matrix and relationship to Hessian and standard errors
+351	What are some valuable Statistical Analysis open source projects?
+352	Is this the solution to the p-value problem?
+353	Covariance and independence?
+354	How to use Pearson correlation correctly with time series
+355	One-hot vs dummy encoding in Scikit-learn
+356	Proper way of using recurrent neural network for time series analysis
+357	How can adding a 2nd IV make the 1st IV significant?
+358	If A and B are correlated with C, why are A and B not necessarily correlated?
+359	Optimization when Cost Function Slow to Evaluate
+360	Is there any *mathematical* basis for the Bayesian vs frequentist debate?
+361	Whats the difference between feed-forward and recurrent neural networks?
+362	What are good basic statistics to use for ordinal data?
+363	Do the predictions of a Random Forest model have a prediction interval?
+364	Is PCA followed by a rotation (such as varimax) still PCA?
+365	What is the relationship between independent component analysis and factor analysis?
+366	What problem do shrinkage methods solve?
+367	How to normalize data between -1 and 1?
+368	What are i.i.d. random variables?
+369	How can an artificial neural network ANN, be used for unsupervised clustering?
+370	What is a saturated model?
+371	When are Log scales appropriate?
+372	ImageNet: what is top-1 and top-5 error rate?
+373	How is the minimum of a set of IID random variables distributed?
+374	Understanding the role of the discount factor in reinforcement learning
+375	Whats the difference between momentum based gradient descent and Nesterovs accelerated gradient descent?
+376	What is the difference between a neural network and a deep belief network?
+377	Assumptions regarding bootstrap estimates of uncertainty
+378	Look and you shall find (a correlation)
+379	What is a good, convincing example in which p-values are useful?
+380	Performance metrics to evaluate unsupervised learning
+381	Hold-out validation vs. cross-validation
+382	Statistics interview questions
+383	Central limit theorem for sample medians
+384	Intuition on the Kullback–Leibler (KL) Divergence
+385	Taleb and the Black Swan
+386	Where did the frequentist-Bayesian debate go?
+387	How to interpret F-measure values?
+388	How to simulate data that satisfy specific constraints such as having specific mean and standard deviation?
+389	Using principal component analysis (PCA) for feature selection
+390	Which pseudo-$R^2$ measure is the one to report for logistic regression (Cox & Snell or Nagelkerke)?
+391	Why bother with the dual problem when fitting SVM?
+392	Why is the Jeffreys prior useful?
+393	Intuitive explanation of Fisher Information and Cramer-Rao bound
+394	How to visualize what ANOVA does?
+395	Is the R language reliable for the field of economics?
+396	Standard errors for lasso prediction using R
+397	How can I help ensure testing data does not leak into training data?
+398	Why would parametric statistics ever be preferred over nonparametric?
+399	40,000 neuroscience papers might be wrong
+400	References containing arguments against null hypothesis significance testing?
+401	How much to pay? A practical problem
+402	Regression with multiple dependent variables?
+403	Random Forest - How to handle overfitting
+404	What does orthogonal mean in the context of statistics?
+405	Why is sample standard deviation a biased estimator of $\sigma$?
+406	KL divergence between two multivariate Gaussians
+407	What is translation invariance in computer vision and convolutional neural network?
+408	Why is multicollinearity not checked in modern statistics/machine learning
+409	Variables are often adjusted (e.g. standardised) before making a model - when is this a good idea, and when is it a bad one?
+410	What is the difference between a partial likelihood, profile likelihood and marginal likelihood?
+411	Why is the square root transformation recommended for count data?
+412	Real-life examples of moving average processes
+413	Why do neural networks need so many training examples to perform?
+414	Is this chart showing the likelihood of a terrorist attack statistically useful?
+415	Maximum likelihood method vs. least squares method
+416	Why is it that natural log changes are percentage changes? What is about logs that makes this so?
+417	Why is logistic regression a linear classifier?
+418	Why is ANOVA equivalent to linear regression?
+419	Why only three partitions? (training, validation, test)
+420	Why does ridge estimate become better than OLS by adding a constant to the diagonal?
+421	What is the most surprising characterization of the Gaussian (normal) distribution?
+422	Criticism of Pearls theory of causality
+423	What is the difference between a nested and a non-nested model?
+424	Why do we minimize the negative likelihood if it is equivalent to maximization of the likelihood?
+425	Clustering with a distance matrix
+426	Does it make sense to add a quadratic term but not the linear term to a model?
+427	Derivation of closed form lasso solution
+428	Reduce Classification Probability Threshold
+429	Explain the xkcd jelly bean comic: What makes it funny?
+430	Do we need a global test before post hoc tests?
+431	How small a quantity should be added to x to avoid taking the log of zero?
+432	Efficient online linear regression
+433	Are bayesians slaves of the likelihood function?
+434	Who created the first standard normal table?
+435	List of situations where a Bayesian approach is simpler, more practical, or more convenient
+436	Why does collecting data until finding a significant result increase Type I error rate?
+437	Wald test for logistic regression
+438	Test if two binomial distributions are statistically different from each other
+439	What is the difference in Bayesian estimate and maximum likelihood estimate?
+440	Perform feature normalization before or within model validation?
+441	Is there a difference between controlling for and ignoring other variables in multiple regression?
+442	If we fail to reject the null hypothesis in a large study, isnt it evidence for the null?
+443	A more definitive discussion of variable selection
+444	What are the worst (commonly adopted) ideas/principles in statistics?
+445	How to statistically compare two time series?
+446	What is the effect of having correlated predictors in a multiple regression model?
+447	What is a contrast matrix?
+448	Software needed to scrape data from graph
+449	Examples of Bayesian and frequentist approach giving different answers
+450	Machine learning cookbook / reference card / cheatsheet?
+451	Brain teaser: How to generate 7 integers with equal probability using a biased coin that has a pr(head) = p?
+452	What does Scientists rise up against statistical significance mean? (Comment in Nature)
+453	Two-tailed tests... Im just not convinced. Whats the point?
+454	Is the hybrid between Fisher and Neyman-Pearson approaches to statistical testing really an incoherent mishmash?
+455	Interpreting Residual and Null Deviance in GLM R
+456	Variance of product of multiple independent random variables
+457	Is standardization needed before fitting logistic regression?
+458	Under what conditions should Likert scales be used as ordinal or interval data?
+459	Questions about how random effects are specified in lmer
+460	Should I use a categorical cross-entropy or binary cross-entropy loss for binary predictions?
+461	What is the difference between estimation and prediction?
+462	How to generate correlated random numbers (given means, variances and degree of correlation)?
+463	Does it ever make sense to treat categorical data as continuous?
+464	Why is tanh almost always better than sigmoid as an activation function?
+465	Which permutation test implementation in R to use instead of t-tests (paired and non-paired)?
+466	Binary classification with strongly unbalanced classes
+467	A generalization of the Law of Iterated Expectations
+468	Period detection of a generic time series
+469	What does the inverse of covariance matrix say about data? (Intuitively)
+470	Advanced statistics books recommendation
+471	What is so cool about de Finettis representation theorem?
+472	Why is the regularization term *added* to the cost function (instead of multiplied etc.)?
+473	Most famous statisticians
+474	A chart of daily cases of COVID-19 in a Russian region looks suspiciously level to me - is this so from the statistics viewpoint?
+475	Why is the validation accuracy fluctuating?
+476	How do you calculate the probability density function of the maximum of a sample of IID uniform random variables?
+477	How can I change the title of a legend in ggplot2?
+478	Data normalization and standardization in neural networks
+479	How does one interpret SVM feature weights?
+480	What is the relationship between a chi squared test and test of equal proportions?
+481	Why doesnt Random Forest handle missing values in predictors?
+482	Does 10 heads in a row increase the chance of the next toss being a tail?
+483	Difference between Random Forest and Extremely Randomized Trees
+484	Is adjusting p-values in a multiple regression for multiple comparisons a good idea?
+485	Is every covariance matrix positive definite?
+486	Measuring entropy/ information/ patterns of a 2d binary matrix
+487	Logistic regression in R resulted in perfect separation (Hauck-Donner phenomenon). Now what?
+488	Optimal number of folds in $K$-fold cross-validation: is leave-one-out CV always the best choice?
+489	How to derive variance-covariance matrix of coefficients in linear regression
+490	Is it meaningful to calculate Pearson or Spearman correlation between two Boolean vectors?
+491	How to calculate pseudo-$R^2$ from Rs logistic regression?
+492	Is it important to scale data before clustering?
+493	Comparing SVM and logistic regression
+494	Are mean normalization and feature scaling needed for k-means clustering?
+495	Why is expectation the same as the arithmetic mean?
+496	Best practice when analysing pre-post treatment-control designs
+497	What are the differences between epoch, batch, and minibatch?
+498	Clustering with K-Means and EM: how are they related?
+499	What is the variance of the weighted mixture of two gaussians?
+500	What are the shortcomings of the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE)?
+501	Are there cases where PCA is more suitable than t-SNE?
+502	How do I test that two continuous variables are independent?
+503	Choosing between LM and GLM for a log-transformed response variable
+504	What are disadvantages of state-space models and Kalman Filter for time-series modelling?
+505	Intuitive explanation of the bias-variance tradeoff?
+506	Why does shrinkage work?
+507	Examples where method of moments can beat maximum likelihood in small samples?
+508	Are all values within a 95% confidence interval equally likely?
+509	Industry vs Kaggle challenges. Is collecting more observations and having access to more variables more important than fancy modelling?
+510	Correlations between continuous and categorical (nominal) variables
+511	Manually Calculating P value from t-value in t-test
+512	Which activation function for output layer?
+513	Is chi-squared always a one-sided test?
+514	Which loss function is correct for logistic regression?
+515	What does standard deviation tell us in non-normal distribution
+516	How should one interpret the comparison of means from different sample sizes?
+517	Adam optimizer with exponential decay
+518	Neural networks vs support vector machines: are the second definitely superior?
+519	Recurrent vs Recursive Neural Networks: Which is better for NLP?
+520	Linear model with log-transformed response vs. generalized linear model with log link
+521	Box-Cox like transformation for independent variables?
+522	Bootstrap vs. jackknife
+523	Confidence interval for Bernoulli sampling
+524	Introduction to statistics for mathematicians
+525	Alternatives to logistic regression in R
+526	What is the intuition behind conditional Gaussian distributions?
+527	Resources for learning Markov chain and hidden Markov models
+528	How exactly does a random effects model in econometrics relate to mixed models outside of econometrics?
+529	Is ridge regression useless in high dimensions ($n \ll p$)? How can OLS fail to overfit?
+530	Interview question: If correlation doesnt imply causation, how do you detect causation?
+531	Why continue to teach and use hypothesis testing (when confidence intervals are available)?
+532	What is the difference between N and N-1 in calculating population variance?
+533	What does having constant variance in a linear regression model mean?
+534	Testing equality of coefficients from two different regressions
+535	Does the optimal number of trees in a random forest depend on the number of predictors?
+536	How to decide on the correct number of clusters?
+537	Difference between kernel and filter in CNN
+538	R libraries for deep learning
+539	How to interpret type I, type II, and type III ANOVA and MANOVA?
+540	How can a distribution have infinite mean and variance?
+541	What is the difference between a particle filter (sequential Monte Carlo) and a Kalman filter?
+542	How to apply standardization/normalization to train- and testset if prediction is the goal?
+543	What is the difference Cross-entropy and KL divergence?
+544	Are residuals predicted minus actual or actual minus predicted
+545	What is the objective function of PCA?
+546	Is it wrong to rephrase 1 in 80 deaths is caused by a car accident as 1 in 80 people die as a result of a car accident?
+547	Reference book for linear algebra applied to statistics?
+548	How do R and Python complement each other in data science?
+549	Statistics and causal inference?
+550	What are the breakthroughs in Statistics of the past 15 years?
+551	Are we exaggerating importance of model assumption and evaluation in an era when analyses are often carried out by laymen
+552	ANOVA assumption normality/normal distribution of residuals
+553	Mean absolute deviation vs. standard deviation
+554	Warning in R - Chi-squared approximation may be incorrect
+555	Standard error for the mean of a sample of binomial random variables
+556	Regression when the OLS residuals are not normally distributed
+557	How to determine best cutoff point and its confidence interval using ROC curve in R?
+558	What is the difference between GARCH and ARMA?
+559	Is random forest a boosting algorithm?
+560	Using deep learning for time series prediction
+561	How are regression, the t-test, and the ANOVA all versions of the general linear model?
+562	What are alternatives of Gradient Descent?
+563	Best PCA algorithm for huge number of features (>10K)?
+564	Book for reading before Elements of Statistical Learning?
+565	Why do Convolutional Neural Networks not use a Support Vector Machine to classify?
+566	When combining p-values, why not just averaging?
+567	What is the advantages of Wasserstein metric compared to Kullback-Leibler divergence?
+568	Is sampling relevant in the time of big data?
+569	Mathematical Statistics Videos
+570	How do we decide when a small sample is statistically significant or not?
+571	What are some examples of anachronistic practices in statistics?
+572	Backpropagation with Softmax / Cross Entropy
+573	Normalization vs. scaling
+574	Effect of switching response and explanatory variable in simple linear regression
+575	Graph for relationship between two ordinal variables
+576	Training a decision tree against unbalanced data
+577	A/B tests: z-test vs t-test vs chi square vs fisher exact test
+578	What is a difference between random effects-, fixed effects- and marginal model?
+579	Random forest computing time in R
+580	Why sigmoid function instead of anything else?
+581	Multivariate linear regression vs neural network?
+582	Standard deviation of standard deviation
+583	Practical hyperparameter optimization: Random vs. grid search
+584	Is the COVID-19 pandemic curve a Gaussian curve?
+585	Why on average does each bootstrap sample contain roughly two thirds of observations?
+586	Can a random forest be used for feature selection in multiple linear regression?
+587	How to tell the probability of failure if there were no failures?
+588	Modern successor to Exploratory Data Analysis by Tukey?
+589	Who are frequentists?
+590	Do we have a problem of pity upvotes?
+591	How to derive the ridge regression solution?
+592	How large should the batch size be for stochastic gradient descent?
+593	What is the difference between NaN and NA?
+594	What is maxout in neural network?
+595	How to identify a bimodal distribution?
+596	Correct spelling (capitalization, italicization, hyphenation) of p-value?
+597	Apply word embeddings to entire document, to get a feature vector
+598	Pandas / Statsmodel / Scikit-learn
+599	Prediction interval for lmer() mixed effects model in R
+600	Recommended books on experiment design?
+601	Should I normalize word2vecs word vectors before using them?
+602	What is a good algorithm for estimating the median of a huge read-once data set?
+603	What should I do when my neural network doesnt generalize well?
+604	Is it possible to do time-series clustering based on curve shape?
+605	Why do we use Kullback-Leibler divergence rather than cross entropy in the t-SNE objective function?
+606	Data APIs/feeds available as packages in R
+607	Intuitive explanations of differences between Gradient Boosting Trees (GBM) & Adaboost
+608	Can someone explain the concept of exchangeability?
+609	Is it true that the percentile bootstrap should never be used?
+610	Machine Learning using Python
+611	Why do we care so much about normally distributed error terms (and homoskedasticity) in linear regression when we dont have to?
+612	Why are MA(q) time series models called moving averages?
+613	Visually interesting statistics concepts that are easy to explain
+614	Most confusing statistical terms
+615	R - QQPlot: how to see whether data are normally distributed
+616	Is it a good practice to always scale/normalize data for machine learning?
+617	How to visualize a fitted multiple regression model?
+618	Interpretation of log transformed predictor and/or response
+619	Replicating Statas robust option in R
+620	Obtaining predicted values (Y=1 or 0) from a logistic regression model fit
+621	Why is the sum of two random variables a convolution?
+622	F1/Dice-Score vs IoU
+623	Multinomial logistic regression vs one-vs-rest binary logistic regression
+624	Why downsample?
+625	Software for drawing bayesian networks (graphical models)
+626	Statistical inference when the sample is the population
+627	Class imbalance in Supervised Machine Learning
+628	What book is recommendable to start learning statistics using R at the same time?
+629	Is there any gold standard for modeling irregularly spaced time series?
+630	Interpreting QQplot - Is there any rule of thumb to decide for non-normality?
+631	What are the main theorems in Machine (Deep) Learning?
+632	Where does the misconception that Y must be normally distributed come from?
+633	Intuition behind why Steins paradox only applies in dimensions $\ge 3$
+634	Why is a Bayesian not allowed to look at the residuals?
+635	Excel as a statistics workbench
+636	Are all models useless? Is any exact model possible -- or useful?
+637	How to perform a test using R to see if data follows normal distribution
+638	How to read Cooks distance plots?
+639	Is there a test to determine whether GLM overdispersion is significant?
+640	What is the difference between a Normal and a Gaussian Distribution
+641	Linear kernel and non-linear kernel for support vector machine?
+642	Is there any difference between lm and glm for the gaussian family of glm?
+643	Cross-Entropy or Log Likelihood in Output layer
+644	Wont highly-correlated variables in random forest distort accuracy and feature-selection?
+645	Does anyone know any good open source software for visualizing data from database?
+646	Cost function of neural network is non-convex?
+647	Regression for an outcome (ratio or fraction) between 0 and 1
+648	How are propensity scores different from adding covariates in a regression, and when are they preferred to the latter?
+649	How to select a clustering method? How to validate a cluster solution (to warrant the method choice)?
+650	Why does the correlation coefficient between X and X-Y random variables tend to be 0.7
+651	Why do statisticians say a non-significant result means you cant reject the null as opposed to accepting the null hypothesis?
+652	Fast linear regression robust to outliers
+653	Consider the sum of $n$ uniform distributions on $[0,1]$, or $Z_n$. Why does the cusp in the PDF of $Z_n$ disappear for $n \geq 3$?
+654	Famous easy to understand examples of a confounding variable invalidating a study
+655	How are we defining reproducible research?
+656	What is a good resource on table design?
+657	Cumming (2008) claims that distribution of p-values obtained in replications depends only on the original p-value. How can it be true?
+658	Relationship between $R^2$ and correlation coefficient
+659	Logistic Regression: Scikit Learn vs Statsmodels
+660	Using lmer for repeated-measures linear mixed-effect model
+661	What is Deviance? (specifically in CART/rpart)
+662	If the t-test and the ANOVA for two groups are equivalent, why arent their assumptions equivalent?
+663	Neural Network: For Binary Classification use 1 or 2 output neurons?
+664	Cross Entropy vs. Sparse Cross Entropy: When to use one over the other
+665	How to simulate artificial data for logistic regression?
+666	Regularization methods for logistic regression
+667	What is the difference between the forward-backward and Viterbi algorithms?
+668	Percentage of overlapping regions of two normal distributions
+669	How to do logistic regression subset selection?
+670	How do I find peaks in a dataset?
+671	How does LSTM prevent the vanishing gradient problem?
+672	What algorithm is used in linear regression?
+673	Understanding almost all local minimum have very similar function value to the global optimum
+674	Why do my p-values differ between logistic regression output, chi-squared test, and the confidence interval for the OR?
+675	Understanding Naive Bayes
+676	What is your favorite data visualization blog?
+677	Statistical tests when sample size is 1
+678	Why is statistically significant not enough?
+679	Why does frequentist hypothesis testing become biased towards rejecting the null hypothesis with sufficiently large samples?
+680	A smaller dataset is better: Is this statement false in statistics? How to refute it properly?
+681	Different ways to write interaction terms in lm?
+682	Find expected value using CDF
+683	What is the proper usage of scale_pos_weight in xgboost for imbalanced datasets?
+684	Choosing the right linkage method for hierarchical clustering
+685	Is a sample covariance matrix always symmetric and positive definite?
+686	Difference between GradientDescentOptimizer and AdamOptimizer (TensorFlow)?
+687	CNN architectures for regression?
+688	Rule of thumb for number of bootstrap samples
+689	Logistic Regression - Error Term and its Distribution
+690	What is perplexity?
+691	Normality of dependent variable = normality of residuals?
+692	Is minimizing squared error equivalent to minimizing absolute error? Why squared error is more popular than the latter?
+693	Survival Analysis tools in Python
+694	Random forest assumptions
+695	Which has the heavier tail, lognormal or gamma?
+696	Are splines overfitting the data?
+697	Motivation for Kolmogorov distance between distributions
+698	How to determine whether or not the y-axis of a graph should start at zero?
+699	Is Amazons average rating misleading?
+700	Clarification on interpreting confidence intervals?
+701	Does correlation = 0.2 mean that there is an association in only 1 in 5 people?
+702	Eliciting priors from experts
+703	AIC,BIC,CIC,DIC,EIC,FIC,GIC,HIC,IIC --- Can I use them interchangeably?
+704	Logistic Regression in R (Odds Ratio)
+705	Logistic regression model does not converge
+706	How do I avoid overlapping labels in an R plot?
+707	What is difference-in-differences?
+708	Why would R return NA as a lm() coefficient?
+709	Derive Variance of regression coefficient in simple linear regression
+710	Why is median age a better statistic than mean age?
+711	Clustering a long list of strings (words) into similarity groups
+712	Suppression effect in regression: definition and visual explanation/depiction
+713	How to interpret error measures?
+714	What is the definition of a feature map (aka activation map) in a convolutional neural network?
+715	Dynamic Time Warping Clustering
+716	Regression: Transforming Variables
+717	How does the Adam method of stochastic gradient descent work?
+718	When conducting a t-test why would one prefer to assume (or test for) equal variances rather than always use a Welch approximation of the df?
+719	How does centering the data get rid of the intercept in regression and PCA?
+720	Can machine learning decode the SHA256 hashes?
+721	How are kernels applied to feature maps to produce other feature maps?
+722	What is the distribution of the Euclidean distance between two normally distributed random variables?
+723	Do we have to tune the number of trees in a random forest?
+724	Kullback–Leibler vs Kolmogorov-Smirnov distance
+725	Empirical justification for the one standard error rule when using cross-validation
+726	What can we say about population mean from a sample size of 1?
+727	How can I calculate $\int^{\infty}_{-\infty}\Phi\left(\frac{w-a}{b}\right)\phi(w)\,\mathrm dw$
+728	Is it possible to interpret the bootstrap from a Bayesian perspective?
+729	Pitfalls in time series analysis
+730	Where to start with statistics for an experienced developer
+731	Can simple linear regression be done without using plots and linear algebra?
+732	First R packages source code to study in preparation for writing own package
+733	What is residual standard error?
+734	What do endogeneity and exogeneity mean substantively?
+735	How to interpret Mean Decrease in Accuracy and Mean Decrease GINI in Random Forest models
+736	Why do we use ReLU in neural networks and how do we use it?
+737	Logistic regression: anova chi-square test vs. significance of coefficients (anova() vs summary() in R)
+738	Rank in R - descending order
+739	How do I test a nonlinear association?
+740	Online vs offline learning?
+741	Expected number of ratio of girls vs boys birth
+742	Best method for short time-series
+743	How to interpret coefficients from a polynomial model fit?
+744	What is the distribution of the sum of non i.i.d. gaussian variates?
+745	What is the difference between prediction and inference?
+746	Why zero correlation does not necessarily imply independence
+747	Does the sign of scores or of loadings in PCA or FA have a meaning? May I reverse the sign?
+748	How does rectilinear activation function solve the vanishing gradient problem in neural networks?
+749	PCA and the train/test split
+750	Bootstrap vs. permutation hypothesis testing
+751	Features for time series classification
+752	What is the difference between posterior and posterior predictive distribution?
+753	Why is polynomial regression considered a special case of multiple linear regression?
+754	Generic sum of Gamma random variables
+755	Optimized implementations of the Random Forest algorithm
+756	What are the cons of Bayesian analysis?
+757	Is it unusual for the MEAN to outperform ARIMA?
+758	Where does $\sqrt{n}$ come from in central limit theorem (CLT)?
+759	How does saddlepoint approximation work?
+760	Bayesian statistics tutorial
+761	Why would someone use a Bayesian approach with a noninformative improper prior instead of the classical approach?
+762	Choosing variables to include in a multiple linear regression model
+763	Interpretation of Rs output for binomial regression
+764	What references should be cited to support using 30 as a large enough sample size?
+765	Using R online - without installing it
+766	Difference between forecast and prediction?
+767	SVM, Overfitting, curse of dimensionality
+768	How to make a time series stationary?
+769	Why does correlation matrix need to be positive semi-definite and what does it mean to be or not to be positive semi-definite?
+770	How does centering make a difference in PCA (for SVD and eigen decomposition)?
+771	Prediction in Cox regression
+772	Importance of local response normalization in CNN
+773	Alternatives to one-way ANOVA for heteroskedastic data
+774	Understanding LSTM units vs. cells
+775	Neural Networks: weight change momentum and weight decay
+776	Probability distribution for different probabilities
+777	Are there any good movies involving mathematics or probability?
+778	Bayesian equivalent of two sample t-test?
+779	Empirical relationship between mean, median and mode
+780	Statistical models cheat sheet
+781	Confidence interval around binomial estimate of 0 or 1
+782	Taking the expectation of Taylor series (especially the remainder)
+783	Does the reciprocal of a probability represent anything?
+784	Why do people use p-values instead of computing probability of the model given data?
+785	Are CDFs more fundamental than PDFs?
+786	What is the root cause of the class imbalance problem?
+787	How well can multiple regression really control for covariates?
+788	Understanding regressions - the role of the model
+789	How to interpret and report eta squared / partial eta squared in statistically significant and non-significant analyses?
+790	What are the values p, d, q, in ARIMA?
+791	Negative values for AIC in General Mixed Model
+792	How to interpret mean of Silhouette plot?
+793	What is quasi-binomial distribution (in the context of GLM)?
+794	Would PCA work for boolean (binary) data types?
+795	Logistic regression vs. LDA as two-class classifiers
+796	Danger of setting all initial weights to zero in Backpropagation
+797	Why is there a difference between manually calculating a logistic regression 95% confidence interval, and using the confint() function in R?
+798	Poisson regression to estimate relative risk for binary outcomes
+799	How to do community detection in a weighted social network/graph?
+800	How is softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits different from softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits_v2?
+801	Is regression with L1 regularization the same as Lasso, and with L2 regularization the same as ridge regression? And how to write Lasso?
+802	Approximate order statistics for normal random variables
+803	Why is softmax output not a good uncertainty measure for Deep Learning models?
+804	When is a biased estimator preferable to unbiased one?
+805	Deriving Bellmans Equation in Reinforcement Learning
+806	What exactly is Big Data?
+807	Rigorous definition of an outlier?
+808	Variational inference versus MCMC: when to choose one over the other?
+809	Why dont linear regression assumptions matter in machine learning?
+810	Computing Cohens Kappa variance (and standard errors)
+811	Why is multiple comparison a problem?
+812	How to plot trends properly
+813	Compendium of cross-validation techniques
+814	How seriously should I think about the different philosophies of statistics?
+815	Debunking wrong CLT statement
+816	Reviewing statistics in papers
+817	How to interpret F- and p-value in ANOVA?
+818	How to interpret the output of the summary method for an lm object in R?
+819	Using LASSO from lars (or glmnet) package in R for variable selection
+820	Lift measure in data mining
+821	How to assess the similarity of two histograms?
+822	PP-plots vs. QQ-plots
+823	Measures of variable importance in random forests
+824	How can I test if given samples are taken from a Poisson distribution?
+825	Is it valid to include a baseline measure as control variable when testing the effect of an independent variable on change scores?
+826	What are the differences between hidden Markov models and neural networks?
+827	Tiny (real) datasets for giving examples in class?
+828	Bayesian vs frequentist Interpretations of Probability
+829	Intuitive difference between hidden Markov models and conditional random fields
+830	Why does inversion of a covariance matrix yield partial correlations between random variables?
+831	What is the difference between Metropolis-Hastings, Gibbs, Importance, and Rejection sampling?
+832	What is the difference between a loss function and an error function?
+833	Is machine learning less useful for understanding causality, thus less interesting for social science?
+834	OpenBugs vs. JAGS
+835	When to use simulations?
+836	Would a Bayesian admit that there is one fixed parameter value?
+837	Intuitive explanation for density of transformed variable?
+838	What is your favorite statistical graph?
+839	Statistics published in academic papers
+840	Why does increasing the sample size lower the (sampling) variance?
+841	What is the reason why we use natural logarithm (ln) rather than log to base 10 in specifying function in econometrics?
+842	Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) in Scikit-learn
+843	How to interpret p-value of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (python)?
+844	Negative values for AICc (corrected Akaike Information Criterion)
+845	what does the numbers in the classification report of sklearn mean?
+846	Softmax layer in a neural network
+847	What is the significance of logistic regression coefficients?
+848	What is the adjusted R-squared formula in lm in R and how should it be interpreted?
+849	Should covariates that are not statistically significant be kept in when creating a model?
+850	What is meant by weak learner?
+851	Explanation of min_child_weight in xgboost algorithm
+852	When will L1 regularization work better than L2 and vice versa?
+853	Why does Andrew Ng prefer to use SVD and not EIG of covariance matrix to do PCA?
+854	LDA vs word2vec
+855	What is the difference between conditional and unconditional quantile regression?
+856	PCA and Correspondence analysis in their relation to Biplot
+857	Who invented stochastic gradient descent?
+858	Were generative adversarial networks introduced by Jürgen Schmidhuber?
+859	What is the purpose of characteristic functions?
+860	Why are regression problems called regression problems?
+861	Why do we only see $L_1$ and $L_2$ regularization but not other norms?
+862	Neural network references (textbooks, online courses) for beginners
+863	When teaching statistics, use normal or Gaussian?
+864	Fake uniform random numbers: More evenly distributed than true uniform data
+865	How do I get people to take better care of data?
+866	What is the difference between a population and a sample?
+867	Random number-Set.seed(N) in R
+868	AIC guidelines in model selection
+869	Interpreting the residuals vs. fitted values plot for verifying the assumptions of a linear model
+870	Comparing two models using anova() function in R
+871	Difference between naive Bayes & multinomial naive Bayes
+872	How to calculate relative error when the true value is zero?
+873	How to interpret glmnet?
+874	How to quasi match two vectors of strings (in R)?
+875	R - Confused on Residual Terminology
+876	Multiple regression or partial correlation coefficient? And relations between the two
+877	Determining sample size necessary for bootstrap method / Proposed Method
+878	How to choose between ROC AUC and F1 score?
+879	When and how to use standardized explanatory variables in linear regression
+880	When should I balance classes in a training data set?
+881	Relative variable importance for Boosting
+882	Are pooling layers added before or after dropout layers?
+883	Hierarchical clustering with mixed type data - what distance/similarity to use?
+884	What are best practices in identifying interaction effects?
+885	Confidence interval for median
+886	How trustworthy are the confidence intervals for lmer objects through effects package?
+887	Why do I get a 100% accuracy decision tree?
+888	Understanding the parameters inside the Negative Binomial Distribution
+889	Gamma vs. lognormal distributions
+890	Time series clustering in R
+891	Are your chances of dying in a plane crash reduced if you fly direct?
+892	How often do you have to roll a 6-sided die to obtain every number at least once?
+893	Does the beta distribution have a conjugate prior?
+894	whether to rescale indicator / binary / dummy predictors for LASSO
+895	Differences between Bhattacharyya distance and KL divergence
+896	How to efficiently generate random positive-semidefinite correlation matrices?
+897	Correlation does not imply causation; but what about when one of the variables is time?
+898	The Monty Hall Problem - where does our intuition fail us?
+899	How do DAGs help to reduce bias in causal inference?
+900	How to calculate a confidence level for a Poisson distribution?
+901	How to interpret OOB and confusion matrix for random forest?
+902	Statistical test to tell whether two samples are pulled from the same population?
+903	Improve classification with many categorical variables
+904	How to sample from a normal distribution with known mean and variance using a conventional programming language?
+905	How can I test whether a random effect is significant?
+906	Test for bimodal distribution
+907	Dice-coefficient loss function vs cross-entropy
+908	How do you use the test dataset after cross-validation?
+909	What is the difference between finite and infinite variance
+910	How to present results of a Lasso using glmnet?
+911	K-fold vs. Monte Carlo cross-validation
+912	What is the difference between coefficient of determination and mean squared error?
+913	How are Random Forests not sensitive to outliers?
+914	how to weight KLD loss vs reconstruction loss in variational auto-encoder
+915	Gradient Boosting for Linear Regression - why does it not work?
+916	What does the term saturating nonlinearities mean?
+917	What is model identifiability?
+918	Manually calculated $R^2$ doesnt match up with randomForest() $R^2$ for testing new data
+919	What are posterior predictive checks and what makes them useful?
+920	Approximate $e$ using Monte Carlo Simulation
+921	Why is 600 out of 1000 more convincing than 6 out of 10?
+922	References for survival analysis
+923	Interpretation of p-value in hypothesis testing
+924	How to determine significant principal components using bootstrapping or Monte Carlo approach?
+925	Are there any good popular science book about statistics or machine learning?
+926	Is LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) dead?
+927	Does statistical independence mean lack of causation?
+928	Good games for learning statistical thinking?
+929	Evidence for man-made global warming hits gold standard: how did they do this?
+930	What is the relationship between the mean squared error and the residual sum of squares function?
+931	How to perform two-sample t-tests in R by inputting sample statistics rather than the raw data?
+932	Mixed Effects Model with Nesting
+933	How does linear regression use the normal distribution?
+934	Variance of product of dependent variables
+935	What exactly is a Bayesian model?
+936	Area under Precision-Recall Curve (AUC of PR-curve) and Average Precision (AP)
+937	Detecting Outliers in Time Series (LS/AO/TC) using tsoutliers package in R. How to represent outliers in equation format?
+938	How do I fit a constrained regression in R so that coefficients total = 1?
+939	What exactly is the alpha in the Dirichlet distribution?
+940	Purpose of the link function in generalized linear model
+941	What is the meaning of a confidence interval taken from bootstrapped resamples?
+942	Why do naive Bayesian classifiers perform so well?
+943	How to find a good fit for semi-sinusoidal model in R?
+944	Ridge, lasso and elastic net
+945	How do you do bootstrapping with time series data?
+946	How to test hypothesis of no group differences?
+947	Why do we need multivariate regression (as opposed to a bunch of univariate regressions)?
+948	Simulation of logistic regression power analysis - designed experiments
+949	Was mathematics invented or discovered?
+950	Is guns dont kill people, people kill people a good argument?
+951	Why dont fair coin tosses add up? Or... is gamblers fallacy really valid?
+952	Am I morally obligated to pursue a career in medicine?
+953	What logical fallacy is If you dont like it, move!?
+954	How does one know one is not dreaming?
+955	What would it take in a book to convince a rational person that it had been written by or directly inspired by a god?
+956	Could cogito ergo sum possibly be false?
+957	Is Kurt Gödels Incompleteness Theorem a cheap trick?
+958	Is it immoral to download music illegally?
+959	Can you prove anything in philosophy?
+960	How can an uneducated but rational person differentiate between science and religion?
+961	Logical fallacy: X is bad, Y is worse, thus X is not bad
+962	Why is there something instead of nothing?
+963	Why is faith seen as a sign of weakness, instead of an unexplored land/opportunity?
+964	Does human life have innate value over that of other animals?
+965	Is the omniscient-omnipotent-omnipresent definition of God consistent?
+966	In which way does quantum mechanics disprove determinism?
+967	How will learning about philosophy impact real-life?
+968	What is the difference between metaphysics and ontology?
+969	Why is a lion not evil?
+970	Why does the universe obey scientific laws?
+971	Why arent creationism and natural science on the same intellectual level?
+972	Why do they say I am committing a fallacy when I am just insulting someone?
+973	How can one not believe in god as the root cause of the universe?
+974	Why is Ayn Rands Objectivism philosophy dismissed by academics?
+975	Does Pascals Wager contain any logical flaws or fallacies?
+976	What is the moral difference between abortion and infanticide?
+977	Is there an alternative to the scientific method?
+978	What are the major branches of philosophy?
+979	Why do I accept some inconsequential claims as obviously true without evidence? E.g. Most people dont like to be hit on the head with a hammer.
+980	Is Mathematics always correct?
+981	What are the ethical problems with flipping a coin to decide in the trolley problem?
+982	Do numbers exist independently from observers?
+983	Did Russell understand Gödels incompleteness theorems?
+984	Is there a term for the belief that if its legal, its moral?
+985	What basis do we have for certainty in current scientific theories?
+986	Does a negative claimant have a burden of proof?
+987	What fallacy in Pascals Wager allows replacing God with the devil?
+988	What is the difference between free-will and randomness and or non-determinism?
+989	How to get started with philosophy without getting overwhelmed quickly?
+990	What did David Hume mean when he said that reason is a slave to the passions?
+991	What are the ethics of having children today?
+992	Fallacy by Sherlock Holmes Eliminate the impossible, and what remains must be the truth
+993	What should philosophers know about math and natural sciences?
+994	Is circular reasoning always a fallacy?
+995	Is faith necessary for man to survive / why is existentialism valued if it is unsubstantiated?
+996	How can one rebut the argument that atheism is inherently immoral?
+997	What are the necessary conditions for an action to be regarded as a free choice?
+998	Does happiness motivate every action?
+999	How come nihilism is so popular today?
+1000	Should I respect other peoples religions?
+1001	Is it a fallacy, and if so which, to believe we are special because our existence on Earth seems improbable?
+1002	Why do atheist euthanasia proponents consider nothingness preferable to suffering?
+1003	Is it a fallacy if someone claims they need an explanation for every word of your argument to the point where they dont understand common terms?
+1004	Why doesnt philosophy have higher standards for its arguments?
+1005	Asserting that Atheism and Theism are both faith based positions
+1006	Fundamental idea on proving Gods existence with science
+1007	Why has the philosophy of Bishop Berkeley fallen out of favor in academic philosophy?
+1008	How can one differentiate nonexistent entities?
+1009	What should a rational person accept as a miracle?
+1010	Was Socrates a fictional character invented by Plato?
+1011	What would Kant do when two categorical imperatives conflict? Could he ever justify lying?
+1012	What is the difference (if any) between not true and false?
+1013	If I said I had $100 when asked, but I actually had $200, would I be lying by omission?
+1014	Why are believers criticized so much for being anti-science when so many scientists are ... believers?
+1015	Why is scientism philosophically wrong?
+1016	Why do some people care so much about empirical truth?
+1017	Why is the complex number an integral part of physical reality?
+1018	Three statements that contradict each other
+1019	What is the purpose of the universe?
+1020	Where and how can I get started in contemporary philosophy?
+1021	In what sense is atheism scientific?
+1022	How did first-order logic come to be the dominant formal logic?
+1023	Is there anything that is totally random?
+1024	What are some good introductions to philosophy?
+1025	Is atheism just another form of dogma?
+1026	How does mathematics work?
+1027	How is Gödels incompleteness theorem interpreted in intuitionistic logic?
+1028	Does humanisms rejection of God necesitate relativism?
+1029	What are the philosophical implications of Gödels First Incompleteness Theorem?
+1030	To what extent do we choose our beliefs?
+1031	Is First Order Logic (FOL) the only fundamental logic?
+1032	Are Methodological Assumptions of StackExchange Fundamentally Flawed?
+1033	What is the difference between Fact and Truth?
+1034	Do fundamental concepts in physics have any logical basis?
+1035	Why should I read about philosophy?
+1036	What does it mean for a book or a theorist to be post-modernist as opposed to modernist?
+1037	Are we living in a simulation? The evidence
+1038	Since words are defined in terms of other words in dictionaries, leading to infinite loops, does it mean natural languages are meaningless?
+1039	Does the no true Scotsman fallacy apply to anti Stalinist etc. communism?
+1040	Is I cannot imagine a mechanism for X to happen, so X can never happen a named logical fallacy?
+1041	What are/were the main criticisms of logical positivism?
+1042	Was Robin Hoods point of view ethically sound?
+1043	When is absence of evidence not evidence of absence?
+1044	Is it possible for something to have no cause?
+1045	Why does Dawkins think it is wrong to posit that a paragon of 100% morals could theoretically exist?
+1046	Where is the weakness in the ontological proof for Gods existence?
+1047	Being alive today: the most improbable coincidence?
+1048	If the Bible contains circular reasoning, does it discredit it?
+1049	Does hypocrisy invalidate an argument?
+1050	Isnt the notion that everything will occur in an infinite timeline an example of the gamblers fallacy?
+1051	Im being drafted to the military but I have the option to refuse (legally), would it be immoral for me to serve?
+1052	What arguments would support a secular pro-life position?
+1053	What are the major research programmes in contemporary logic?
+1054	What are some arguments against violence?
+1055	Isnt the existence of Hell inherently evil, and isnt God therefore evil in allowing Hell to exist?
+1056	How can one argue against income inequality while defending achievement and expertise inequality - beyond invoking Rawls difference principle?
+1057	Can time exist without change?
+1058	Does the lack of randomness imply the lack of free will?
+1059	Have professional philosophers contributed to other fields in the last 20 years?
+1060	Why is Aristotles objection not considered a resolution to Zenos paradox?
+1061	In what way(s) does popular New Atheism fail to be philosophical?
+1062	Is the claim this coin is fair falsifiable?
+1063	What are some works that apply an axiomatic method to something other than mathematics?
+1064	What is the difference between a statement and a proposition?
+1065	Is infinite regress of causation possible? Is infinite regress of causation necessary?
+1066	What is modal logic for?
+1067	What are the philosophical implications of category theory?
+1068	Is mathematics founded on beliefs and assumptions?
+1069	What is Philosophy?
+1070	Are people capable of generating a random number?
+1071	Whats so fallacious about the Slippery Slope Fallacy?
+1072	Are there any philosophical arguments to disprove or weaken solipsism?
+1073	Why do color TVs make black and white snow?
+1074	Why do glass windows still exist? (Why havent they been replaced by plastics?)
+1075	Why is kVA not the same as kW?
+1076	Why do cars have mirrors for rear view rather than cameras?
+1077	Are toasters really electrified inside of the slots?
+1078	How was Volkswagen able to trick the lab pollution test?
+1079	My customer wants to use my products to do something unsafe. What is my ethical obligation?
+1080	Is it possible for a bicycle chainwheel to have a fractional number of teeth?
+1081	Transmitting power over long distances what is better AC or DC?
+1082	What is the purpose of these diversions in a natural gas line?
+1083	Is it possible to build a perfectly spherical Prince Ruperts drop?
+1084	What is the purpose of these “partially filled in” locomotive wheels?
+1085	How fast does solid waste fall in vertical drain pipes?
+1086	Why dig out and then fill in before building a large structure?
+1087	Is it possible to pump a powder?
+1088	What are the pros and cons of a traffic circle versus a traffic light intersection?
+1089	Why are railroad tank cars bent in the middle?
+1090	Is it possible to build an air compressor with no moving parts?
+1091	How to quantify martial arts strikes?
+1092	Why do hydraulic systems use special fluid - whats wrong with water?
+1093	Which is Worse: Car vs. Car or Car vs. Wall?
+1094	How can a piece of paper be shaped to guarantee it falls slower than a plain sheet of paper?
+1095	Calculating pitch, yaw, and roll from mag, acc, and gyro data
+1096	Why are engine blocks so robust apart from containing high pressure?
+1097	How are increasingly accurate machines made?
+1098	From an engineering point of view what are the downsides of a too accurate model?
+1099	Why would you launch a large ship by dropping it sideways?
+1100	Understanding required torque for a motor lifting a weight
+1101	Why use steam instead of just hot air?
+1102	Why are rear wheels not placed at the extreme rear of a bus?
+1103	Why doesnt a lightning strike destroy the lightning rod?
+1104	Why dont hydroelectric plants use cascades of turbines instead of single turbines?
+1105	What is the purpose of these steps in rivers?
+1106	Why exactly does a washer help distribute the stress around a bolt?
+1107	Why do car wheels have holes?
+1108	What is a reason that handlebars fit to a motorcycle and steering wheel fit to a car?
+1109	How to know whether the flow is supersonic in a nozzle?
+1110	Why not put servers in a refrigerator?
+1111	How do engineers really use numerical simulation?
+1112	How much can Protactinium degrade the efficiency of the Thorium fuel cycle?
+1113	How does width and thickness affect the stiffness of steel plate?
+1114	Would it make sense to have a 12V lighting circuit in a house?
+1115	How to make smoke for a small wind tunnel?
+1116	Why does it take so long to restart a nuclear power plant?
+1117	Why would a train automatically derail if a signal is passed at danger?
+1118	Why did steam locomotives not transfer power by cogwheels?
+1119	What makes suspension bridges unsuitable for railways?
+1120	Why do cars turn by turning the front wheel?
+1121	Does a roadway bridge experience more load when vehicles are parked or when they are moving?
+1122	How does turning off electric appliances save energy
+1123	Why are earthfills fully covered in concrete where they join bridges?
+1124	Why does the Channel Tunnel enter the ground around 10 km from the coast?
+1125	Sizing a pressure safety valve for two-phase flow
+1126	Whats wrong with transporting a refrigerator on its side?
+1127	How to stop water flow in a siphon?
+1128	Windmills in empty fields. Why no trees?
+1129	What is the purpose of building foundations?
+1130	Why are truss bridges the way they are?
+1131	How does a traffic light sense the proximity of vehicles?
+1132	What are the engineering principles for a train to get electricity from the railway
+1133	Is it structurally sound to cut an I beam to a T on one end?
+1134	What are the major differences between Engineering degrees and Engineering Technology degrees in terms of employability?
+1135	Pound-force (lbf) vs Pound-mass (lbm)
+1136	Effective ways to drive a single shaft with multiple motors?
+1137	What material is used to hold molten iron in a furnace?
+1138	What is the most efficient means of warming a building with a high ceiling?
+1139	Why does the microwave plate start in a random direction?
+1140	Why do oil tankers heat crude oil?
+1141	Why dont refrigerators have parts outdoors?
+1142	How does measurement uncertainty combine with tolerances?
+1143	How many train passes can railway tracks endure?
+1144	How can I measure correctly with a ruler?
+1145	Why doesnt epoxy stick to silicone?
+1146	How are passive houses made in very hot regions (like Saudi Arabia)?
+1147	How to design a house to be cooled passively?
+1148	Fracture patterns in tempered glass
+1149	Meshing of complex geometrical domains
+1150	How can a storm drop 40 inches (1 metre) of rain?
+1151	Impossible or improbable? Hurricane crossing the equator
+1152	What place on Earth is closest to the Sun?
+1153	Are there any saltwater rivers on Earth?
+1154	Why does lightning strike from the ground-up?
+1155	How many trees would I have to plant to solve Global Warming?
+1156	How much oil is created each year?
+1157	What started the US Dust Bowl of the 1930s, and could it happen again?
+1158	Why is the pond in my backyard not frozen when it is -15 °C (5 °F) outside?
+1159	How do greenhouse gases let heat in, but not let it out?
+1160	Why do snowflakes form into hexagonal structures?
+1161	Are Richter-magnitude 10 earthquakes possible?
+1162	(How long) would Earths atmosphere last without a global magnetic field?
+1163	Farthest point from the center of the Earth
+1164	Are there any uncharted waters left on earth?
+1165	How is the mass of the Earth determined?
+1166	How its possible to measure temperature 2000 years ago with such precision?
+1167	What would be the temperature of earth if there was no atmosphere?
+1168	CO₂ level is high enough that it reduces cognitive ability. Isnt that a reason to worry?
+1169	What does a mm of rain mean?
+1170	Why do the Siberian methane craters have smooth vertical walls?
+1171	How high must one be for the curvature of the earth to be visible to the eye?
+1172	Why is Earths inner core solid?
+1173	Is climate change a vicious circle?
+1174	Is the sea level rise unusual?
+1175	Does gravity increase the closer to the core you get?
+1176	How do we know the asteroids formed at the same time as earth?
+1177	Similarities between grand circulation solvers and mantle convection solvers
+1178	Why is Earths age given by dating meteorites rather than its own rocks?
+1179	How can we determine the size and composition of Earths inner core?
+1180	Is there any river that does not discharge into larger body of water?
+1181	How does anthropogenic heating affect global warming?
+1182	How would plate tectonics differ if Earth had no water?
+1183	Why do felsic materials have lower melting points than mafic?
+1184	How and why did the oceans form on Earth but not on other planets?
+1185	Is it true that earthquakes are not felt in a cave?
+1186	Why does Coriolis determine the rotation direction of a cyclone but not my drain?
+1187	What factors determine the number of Hadley cells for a planet?
+1188	How much of the current global warming is due to human influence?
+1189	Why is Earths outer-core liquid?
+1190	Why does the salt in the oceans not sink to the bottom?
+1191	At what humidity does it start to rain?
+1192	Is it possible for rivers to freeze completely and stop flowing?
+1193	Where on Earth is the magnetic field intensity stronger?
+1194	Global warming - why doesn´t mankind collect heat (thermal energy) and turn it into electricity or send it to space?
+1195	How would an icicle grow upwards?
+1196	Is this XKCD comic an accurate timeline of the earths average temperature?
+1197	How do weather models work?
+1198	Is earthquake prediction possible?
+1199	What is the status of the Raymo & Ruddiman idea that Tibet cooled the Earth?
+1200	What are deconvolutional layers?
+1201	How to set class weights for imbalanced classes in Keras?
+1202	Micro Average vs Macro average Performance in a Multiclass classification setting
+1203	Whats the difference between fit and fit_transform in scikit-learn models?
+1204	Publicly Available Datasets
+1205	K-Means clustering for mixed numeric and categorical data
+1206	What is the dying ReLU problem in neural networks?
+1207	Difference between isna() and isnull() in pandas
+1208	How to draw Deep learning network architecture diagrams?
+1209	When to use One Hot Encoding vs LabelEncoder vs DictVectorizor?
+1210	When to use GRU over LSTM?
+1211	Best python library for neural networks
+1212	The cross-entropy error function in neural networks
+1213	Train/Test/Validation Set Splitting in Sklearn
+1214	How do you visualize neural network architectures?
+1215	Python vs R for machine learning
+1216	Why do people prefer Pandas to SQL?
+1217	How to get correlation between two categorical variable and a categorical variable and continuous variable?
+1218	SVM using scikit learn runs endlessly and never completes execution
+1219	Choosing a learning rate
+1220	Training an RNN with examples of different lengths in Keras
+1221	Why do cost functions use the square error?
+1222	When should I use Gini Impurity as opposed to Information Gain (Entropy)?
+1223	Backprop Through Max-Pooling Layers?
+1224	How big is big data?
+1225	Advantages of AUC vs standard accuracy
+1226	Time series prediction using ARIMA vs LSTM
+1227	ValueError: Input contains NaN, infinity or a value too large for dtype(float32)
+1228	How are 1x1 convolutions the same as a fully connected layer?
+1229	strings as features in decision tree/random forest
+1230	When to use (He or Glorot) normal initialization over uniform init? And what are its effects with Batch Normalization?
+1231	Data scientist vs machine learning engineer
+1232	Open source Anomaly Detection in Python
+1233	In supervised learning, why is it bad to have correlated features?
+1234	Convert a list of lists into a Pandas Dataframe
+1235	Are Support Vector Machines still considered state of the art in their niche?
+1236	What is dimensionality reduction? What is the difference between feature selection and extraction?
+1237	What is the positional encoding in the transformer model?
+1238	When is a Model Underfitted?
+1239	Cosine similarity versus dot product as distance metrics
+1240	What is the difference between equivariant to translation and invariant to translation
+1241	Cross-entropy loss explanation
+1242	GBM vs XGBOOST? Key differences?
+1243	Clustering geo location coordinates (lat,long pairs)
+1244	Adding Features To Time Series Model LSTM
+1245	Tools and protocol for reproducible data science using Python
+1246	RNN vs CNN at a high level
+1247	Machine learning - features engineering from date/time data
+1248	Why mini batch size is better than one single batch with all training data?
+1249	Latent Dirichlet Allocation vs Hierarchical Dirichlet Process
+1250	Neural networks: which cost function to use?
+1251	Why do internet companies prefer Java/Python for data scientist job?
+1252	How to clone Python working environment on another machine?
+1253	What is the difference between Gradient Descent and Stochastic Gradient Descent?
+1254	Does batch_size in Keras have any effects in results quality?
+1255	How to fight underfitting in a deep neural net
+1256	Is there any domain where Bayesian Networks outperform neural networks?
+1257	IDE alternatives for R programming (RStudio, IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse, Visual Studio)
+1258	Number of parameters in an LSTM model
+1259	What is the difference between LeakyReLU and PReLU?
+1260	Why Is Overfitting Bad in Machine Learning?
+1261	Should I go for a balanced dataset or a representative dataset?
+1262	How to set batch_size, steps_per epoch, and validation steps?
+1263	Should a model be re-trained if new observations are available?
+1264	Does scikit-learn have a forward selection/stepwise regression algorithm?
+1265	How to deal with version control of large amounts of (binary) data
+1266	Is the R language suitable for Big Data
+1267	What is the Q function and what is the V function in reinforcement learning?
+1268	Sparse_categorical_crossentropy vs categorical_crossentropy (keras, accuracy)
+1269	What is the use of torch.no_grad in pytorch?
+1270	Why should the data be shuffled for machine learning tasks
+1271	How to get accuracy, F1, precision and recall, for a keras model?
+1272	In softmax classifier, why use exp function to do normalization?
+1273	How to interpret the output of XGBoost importance?
+1274	How do subsequent convolution layers work?
+1275	Understanding predict_proba from MultiOutputClassifier
+1276	Data Science in C (or C++)
+1277	How much of data wrangling is a data scientists job?
+1278	Deep Learning vs gradient boosting: When to use what?
+1279	How do I compare columns in different data frames?
+1280	Opening a 20GB file for analysis with pandas
+1281	How to force weights to be non-negative in Linear regression
+1282	How can I transform names in a confidential data set to make it anonymous, but preserve some of the characteristics of the names?
+1283	train_test_split() error: Found input variables with inconsistent numbers of samples
+1284	What is experience replay and what are its benefits?
+1285	How to prepare/augment images for neural network?
+1286	What is Ground Truth
+1287	Merging two different models in Keras
+1288	Why not always use the ADAM optimization technique?
+1289	Multi GPU in Keras
+1290	Can machine learning algorithms predict sports scores or plays?
+1291	Does XGBoost handle multicollinearity by itself?
+1292	Do data scientists use Excel?
+1293	Data science related funny quotes
+1294	What is the difference between model hyperparameters and model parameters?
+1295	Choosing between CPU and GPU for training a neural network
+1296	Encoding features like month and hour as categorial or numeric?
+1297	Why are Machine Learning models called black boxes?
+1298	LightGBM vs XGBoost
+1299	The difference between `Dense` and `TimeDistributedDense` of `Keras`
+1300	What is the advantage of keeping batch size a power of 2?
+1301	When to use what - Machine Learning
+1302	Intuitive explanation of Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) loss?
+1303	What loss function to use for imbalanced classes (using PyTorch)?
+1304	Calculation and Visualization of Correlation Matrix with Pandas
+1305	Calculating KL Divergence in Python
+1306	How does Keras calculate accuracy?
+1307	Are there free cloud services to train machine learning models?
+1308	Does gradient descent always converge to an optimum?
+1309	What is the difference between bootstrapping and cross-validation?
+1310	Why is ReLU used as an activation function?
+1311	Do I need to learn Hadoop to be a Data Scientist?
+1312	Is it always better to use the whole dataset to train the final model?
+1313	What are some standard ways of computing the distance between documents?
+1314	StandardScaler before and after splitting data
+1315	Difference between OrdinalEncoder and LabelEncoder
+1316	What do you think of Data Science certifications?
+1317	How to set the number of neurons and layers in neural networks
+1318	When is precision more important over recall?
+1319	Applications and differences for Jaccard similarity and Cosine Similarity
+1320	What are the advantages of HDF compared to alternative formats?
+1321	What would I prefer - an over-fitted model or a less accurate model?
+1322	Organized processes to clean data
+1323	How does the validation_split parameter of Keras fit function work?
+1324	When to use Random Forest over SVM and vice versa?
+1325	Why do we need XGBoost and Random Forest?
+1326	How to do SVD and PCA with big data?
+1327	Best practices to store Python machine learning models
+1328	Quick guide into training highly imbalanced data sets
+1329	Paper: Whats the difference between Layer Normalization, Recurrent Batch Normalization (2016), and Batch Normalized RNN (2015)?
+1330	Do Random Forest overfit?
+1331	Is it necessary to standardize your data before clustering?
+1332	How to calculate mAP for detection task for the PASCAL VOC Challenge?
+1333	Sentence similarity prediction
+1334	What is the best Keras model for multi-class classification?
+1335	Unbalanced multiclass data with XGBoost
+1336	What is the meaning of The number of units in the LSTM cell?
+1337	Why is xgboost so much faster than sklearn GradientBoostingClassifier?
+1338	Meaning of latent features?
+1339	Early stopping on validation loss or on accuracy?
+1340	What is a good way to transform Cyclic Ordinal attributes?
+1341	What are the use cases for Apache Spark vs Hadoop
+1342	How to use the output of GridSearch?
+1343	Hypertuning XGBoost parameters
+1344	Should we apply normalization to test data as well?
+1345	Guidelines for selecting an optimizer for training neural networks
+1346	RNNs with multiple features
+1347	Why use both validation set and test set?
+1348	Neural Network parse string data?
+1349	How to decide neural network architecture?
+1350	Are there any tools for feature engineering?
+1351	Gini coefficient vs Gini impurity - decision trees
+1352	Using TensorFlow with Intel GPU
+1353	What to set in steps_per_epoch in Keras fit_generator?
+1354	Are there any rules for choosing the size of a mini-batch?
+1355	What does Logits in machine learning mean?
+1356	Why is gold golden?
+1357	Why can we smell copper?
+1358	Can an atom have more than 8 valence electrons? If not, why is 8 the limit?
+1359	Why doesnt water burn?
+1360	Is a negative pH level physically possible?
+1361	Why is absolute zero unattainable?
+1362	Is there a general consensus on the causes of the alpha-effect?
+1363	How do you melt metals with super high melting points?
+1364	Is it actually possible to dispose of a body with hydrofluoric acid?
+1365	Is toothpaste solid or liquid?
+1366	What is Bents rule?
+1367	Why is the 2s orbital lower in energy than the 2p orbital when the electrons in 2s are usually farther from the nucleus?
+1368	Does water really go bad after a couple of days?
+1369	If nothing sticks to Teflon, how does Teflon stick to frying pans?
+1370	Is it true that heavy water is not blue?
+1371	Do all salts taste salty?
+1372	Bonding in diatomic C2, a carbon-carbon quadruple bond?
+1373	What causes the old book smell?
+1374	Why would breathing pure oxygen be a bad idea?
+1375	How do people know HCN smells like almonds?
+1376	Ortho-effect in substituted aromatic acids and bases
+1377	Could a magnet pull oxygen out of the air?
+1378	How do organic chemistry mechanisms become accepted?
+1379	Why do elements in columns 6 and 11 assume abnormal electron configurations?
+1380	Why is it wrong to use the concept of hybridization for transition metal complexes?
+1381	How does Walter White make pure crystal meth using a non-stereospecific reaction?
+1382	Why does F replace the axial bond in PCl5?
+1383	Why does pasta really boil over?
+1384	How can one explain niobium’s weird electronic configuration?
+1385	Why does shaking a match put the fire out?
+1386	Why doesnt H₄O²⁺ exist?
+1387	Is iron in the brown ring compound in a +1 oxidation state?
+1388	Why add water first then acid?
+1389	Why is FORTRAN so commonly used in computational chemistry?
+1390	Striking examples where Kohn-Sham orbitals clearly have no physical meaning
+1391	How do I figure out the hybridization of a particular atom in a molecule?
+1392	Are diamonds really forever?
+1393	Why do we write NH3?
+1394	The last elements atomic number
+1395	Positive or Negative Anode/Cathode in Electrolytic/Galvanic Cell
+1396	Why do compounds like SF6 and SF4 exist but SH6 and SH4 dont?
+1397	What makes banana bonds possible in diborane?
+1398	Why do shampoo ingredient labels feature the term Aqua?
+1399	What makes some metals melt at higher temperature?
+1400	What is the pH of ice?
+1401	Is carbon dioxide organic or inorganic?
+1402	Why dont we explode after drinking water?
+1403	Regioselectivity of acid-catalyzed ring-opening of epoxides
+1404	How can I update a map/mesh and coordinates in a PyMol session file?
+1405	Why is it important to use a salt bridge in a voltaic cell? Can a wire be used?
+1406	Why does menthol (e.g. peppermint) feel cool to the tongue?
+1407	Why isnt aluminium involved in biological processes?
+1408	How does chloroform degrade nitrile gloves?
+1409	Why does ice water get colder when salt is added?
+1410	Why is an S-S bond stronger than an O-O bond?
+1411	Unit of the equilibrium constant: contradiction of Bridgmans theorem?
+1412	How can antibonding orbitals be more antibonding than bonding orbitals are bonding?
+1413	Why doesnt frozen sugar solution taste sweet?
+1414	What happens to a radioactive carbon dioxide molecule when its carbon-14 atom decays?
+1415	Why does bond angle decrease in the order H2O, H2S, H2Se?
+1416	Does oil break down condoms?
+1417	Why does wood burn but not sugar?
+1418	Why do the names of most chemical elements end with -um or -ium?
+1419	Is there any substance thats a 4-4-4 on the NFPA diamond?
+1420	Mechanism of arene side chain oxidation by permanganate
+1421	Why is the recipe of Coca Cola still a secret?
+1422	Why does nitration of N,N-dimethylaniline occur at the meta position?
+1423	Fundamental forces behind covalent bonding
+1424	Is buckminsterfullerene aromatic?
+1425	What volume does one mole of an ideal gas occupy?
+1426	Why does sulfur, but not oxygen, catenate?
+1427	What is the reason for the exceptional stability of the cyclopropylmethyl carbocation?
+1428	What is resonance, and are resonance structures real?
+1429	Whats the biggest organic molecule that could have a smell?
+1430	Why can we still breathe in valleys?
+1431	Are the lone pairs in water equivalent?
+1432	Difference between thermodynamic and kinetic stability
+1433	How can carbon dioxide be converted into carbon and oxygen?
+1434	Inductive effect of hydrogen isotopes
+1435	Why does CaCO3 react with HCl, but not with H2SO4?
+1436	Carbon atoms at the edge of a diamond
+1437	Differences between phenols and alcohols
+1438	How can I predict if a reaction will occur between any two (or more) substances?
+1439	Is it safe to drink reboiled water?
+1440	Does heavy water taste sweet?
+1441	What is more acidic: D3O+ in D2O or H3O+ in H2O and why?
+1442	Can an atom bond with more than 8 other atoms?
+1443	The reason behind the steep rise in pH in the acid base titration curve
+1444	Why does whipped cream use nitrous oxide instead of nitrogen gas?
+1445	Why is methanes molecular formula conventionally CH₄, while water is H₂O (among others)?
+1446	Why is the vanadium(3+) ion paramagnetic?
+1447	Why do SN1 and SN2 reactions not occur at sp2 centres?
+1448	Why can a diamond be broken using a hammer if its the hardest natural substance known?
+1449	Why does cyclopropane react with bromine?
+1450	Why do impurities lower the melting point of an isolated substance?
+1451	What causes the rotting fish smell?
+1452	Do molecules with bridges through rings exist?
+1453	Do symmetric hydrogen bonds in neutral molecules exist?
+1454	What is the inert pair effect?
+1455	How to derive these general formulae for number of stereoisomers of a compound with a possible plane of symmetry?
+1456	Is there ANY chemical that can destroy PTFE, or Teflon?
+1457	How can the dipole moment of carbon monoxide be rationalised by molecular orbital theory?
+1458	Can 100% covalent bonds exist?
+1459	Which exotic salt can lower waters freezing point by 70 °C?
+1460	How does ammonium nitrate explode on its own?
+1461	Why is arsenous acid denoted H3AsO3?
+1462	Why is fresh ice sticky?
+1463	Five-pointed crown alkane C25H40: does it exist?
+1464	Is Hexafluorocyclohexane the Most Polar Small Molecule?
+1465	Why do we use helium in balloons?
+1466	Choosing the right condenser
+1467	Why is the bond angle H-P-H smaller than H-N-H?
+1468	Why is BCl3 a monomer whereas AlCl3 exists as a dimer?
+1469	What exactly is happening when sodium, potassium, or other alkali metal explodes in water?
+1470	Relativistic effect: d-electrons in metallorganic complexes
+1471	Why does carbon monoxide have a greater affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen?
+1472	What is a non-classical carbocation?
+1473	What is the difference between ∆G and ∆G°?
+1474	Why super glue does not stick inside their own bottle?
+1475	What do the prefixes meta, ortho, pyro mean in inorganic chemistry?
+1476	Why is pyrimidine less basic than pyridine?
+1477	Why does potassium react more violently with water than lithium?
+1478	Generating neat orbitals/surfaces from molden/wfn-files
+1479	How do I visualize an atom?
+1480	DFT Functional Selection Criteria
+1481	Difference between shells, subshells and orbitals
+1482	Why does alcoholic KOH prefer elimination whereas aqueous KOH prefers substitution?
+1483	Why do atoms generally become smaller as one moves left to right across a period?
+1484	What is known about liquid carbon?
+1485	Gibbs free energy-minimum or zero?
+1486	Is methanol more acidic than water?
+1487	IUPAC nomenclature: Smallest sum of locants?
+1488	Why is chemistry unpredictable?
+1489	A compound that absorbs all visible light
+1490	Natural Bond Orbital analysis: Significance of stabilization energy determined by 2nd order perturbation
+1491	Does any known substance ignite on cooling?
+1492	IUPAC nomenclature for an interesting looking organic compound
+1493	What are the maximum number of electrons in each shell?
+1494	Chemistry behind Gales coffee maker in Breaking Bad
+1495	A glass of water with ice-cubes in it. Wheres the water the coldest; at the top or bottom?
+1496	What exactly is hydrogen bonding (and does it really need fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen)?
+1497	Splitting of multiplets in ¹H NMR spectra?
+1498	What is actually the difference between valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory?
+1499	Why isnt ethane used for cooking?
+1500	Why are there two Hydrogen atoms on some periodic tables?
+1501	Can hot food ever emit x-rays or gamma rays?
+1502	What would follow in the series sigma, pi and delta bonds?
+1503	Are metallic/ionic bonds weaker than covalent bonds?
+1504	Why is gold unreactive when only one electron is in the outer shell?
+1505	Is pyrene aromatic despite failing Hückels rule?
+1506	Is density functional theory an ab initio method?
+1507	Does O2 have a color in the gas phase
+1508	Has anyone even taken a picture of a molecule to confirm the geometry predicted by theory?
+1509	Why isnt chemically-strengthened glass made with potassium carbonate to begin with?
+1510	May I treat units (e.g. joules, grams, etc.) in equations as variables?
+1511	Stereoselectivity of dihydroxylation with osmium tetroxide
+1512	Why is the letter J omitted in the spdf... sequence?
+1513	Hypervalency and the octet rule
+1514	Pauli exclusion principle and resonance
+1515	Proper typography of NOx
+1516	Synthesis Golf II: Erythronolide B
+1517	Single-molecule magnet with electrically-controlled permeability: How does the Titan Shield from Deus Ex work?
+1518	How do I extract cyanide from apple seeds?
+1519	Tetrahedral or Square Planar
+1520	Why is [PdCl4]2- square planar whereas [NiCl4]2- is tetrahedral?
+1521	Acidity of substituted phenols
+1522	Why cant Pd/C and H2 reduce both the alkene and carbonyl portions of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls?
+1523	Why is the bond length of CO+ less than that of CO?
+1524	Why do chemistry and physics have different sign convention in thermodynamics?
+1525	Why dont the electrons move through the electrolyte (instead of the circuit) in a galvanic cell?
+1526	Why is methanol toxic?
+1527	Effect of drinking ultra-pure water
+1528	Would it be possible to destroy gold?
+1529	Middle row anomaly of the periodic table
+1530	When is it true that more nodes equals higher energy?
+1531	Soaps come in different colors, but why is soap lather always white?
+1532	How much CO2 could you remove from the atmosphere with 2 trillion USD?
+1533	Why are isotopes of hydrogen the only ones with special names?
+1534	Is there an energy cost associated with flipping the spin of an electron?
+1535	Synthesis Golf I: Sodium Fluvastatin
+1536	Flammability (NFPA) - how is it defined?
+1537	What would be the effect of the addition of an inert gas to a reaction at equilibrium?
+1538	Whats the difference between a nucleophile and a base?
+1539	Why does basicity of group 15 hydrides decrease down the group?
+1540	Is the ammonium substituent (-NH3+) really meta-directing in electrophilic substitution?
+1541	Where did amino acids get their one-letter codes?
+1542	Realistic chemical spill accident in high school chemistry class
+1543	What caused the flashes in the video footage of Chernobyl?
+1544	How are poisons discovered? Does someone have to die/be poisoned from it first?
+1545	Why does hyperconjugation help for ring cleavage?
+1546	What do the different grades of chemicals mean?
+1547	What are the meanings of dotted and wavy lines in structural formulas?
+1548	Why does pyrite form cubic crystals?
+1549	Why does burnt hair smell bad?
+1550	What roles do neutrons play in an atom?
+1551	Why does the unstabilised Wittig reaction selectively form cis alkenes?
+1552	Relative stability of cis and trans cycloalkenes
+1553	Are there non-transparent gases?
+1554	What is the molecular structure of xenon hexafluoride?
+1555	What makes ice slippery?
+1556	What makes Gorilla Glass more durable with each generation?
+1557	Why do transition elements make colored compounds?
+1558	Difference between exothermic and exergonic
+1559	What is the unit of pH?
+1560	Why does the 3rd electron shell start filling up with scandium?
+1561	What is the strongest acid?
+1562	Why are there only 7 types of unit cells and 14 types of Bravais lattices?
+1563	Melting and boiling point trend in Group II
+1564	Why is -ethane in methane?
+1565	What is the exchange interaction?
+1566	Are graphite and hexagonal boron nitride aromatic
+1567	Why dont gases escape Earths atmosphere?
+1568	How to properly store acids at home?
+1569	Is honey really a supersaturated solution? Does heating to un-crystalize redissolve it or melt it?
+1570	d-orbital splittings in WS2 monolayer
+1571	Imaginary Bonding Interactions
+1572	What are angular and radial nodes?
+1573	Is alcohol really a solution?
+1574	Why are covalent bonds directional?
+1575	What metals arent dissolved in/attacked by aqua regia?
+1576	What is the pKa of the hydronium, or oxonium, ion (H3O+)?
+1577	Carbon with 5 bonds?
+1578	Microwaving a glass of water, what happens?
+1579	Which is the densest gas known?
+1580	Electrical conductivity of graphite
+1581	Why are DCM and chloroform so resistant towards nucleophilic substitution?
+1582	What substances do humans consume that are caloric but neither protein, carb, nor fat?
+1583	Why does chocolate melt so easily?
+1584	Is activated carbon classified as organic or inorganic?
+1585	Why is the Vitamin B complex, a complex?
+1586	Is stainless a bulk or a surface property of stainless steel?
+1587	How do orbitals coexist with a nucleus?
+1588	Is there radioactivity at absolute zero?
+1589	How heavy should an element be, to be a Heavy Metal?
+1590	How to name binary (inorganic) compounds given their chemical formula, and vice-versa?
+1591	Why is −78 °C a magic temperature for organic reactions?
+1592	Why is 1-ethylidene-4-methylcyclohexane chiral?
+1593	How do non-polar substances dissolve in non-polar solvents?
+1594	How do you separate enantiomers?
+1595	Acid Accident Treatment
+1596	Why are solids and liquids not included in the equilibrium constant? What about in a reaction rate calculation?
+1597	Why do atoms want to have a full outer shell?
+1598	What happens to gunpowder when it gets wet?
+1599	Which carbocation is more stable, the ethyl- or 1-propyl-carbocation?
+1600	Why is water the universal solvent?
+1601	Why are noble gases stable
+1602	Why isnt the American nickel magnetic?
+1603	What are oxidation states used for?
+1604	Can magnetic fields affect a chemical reaction?
+1605	When a candle burns, why does the top of wick glow if bottom of flame is hottest?
+1606	What properties of carbon dioxide make it a greenhouse gas?
+1607	Why is cyclooctateraene shaped like a tub rather than a chair?
+1608	What happens if you cool water in a container too small for it to freeze?
+1609	Why is fluorine a gas, but lithium isnt?
+1610	Do electrons have some volume, area or shape?
+1611	Are the bonding orbitals in methane equivalent - photoelectron spectrum
+1612	Why are there no cheap diamond equivalents?
+1613	Why is heroin a more potent drug than morphine, despite having a similar structure?
+1614	Unusual Friedel–Crafts alkylation with pivaloyl chloride
+1615	Suggest methods and basis sets for a variety of systems
+1616	How many molecules does it take to have a phase?
+1617	Why is snow white?
+1618	How do Quantum Software Packages Work?
+1619	Whats a minimal yet chemically-meaningful kinetic system for an oscillating reaction?
+1620	What makes a radical free?
+1621	How does Palladium dissociate H₂ so easily?
+1622	What is the difference between D and L configuration, and + and −?
+1623	How much gold is there in our sun?
+1624	How loud would the Sun be?
+1625	Does the Sun rotate?
+1626	How can there be 1,000 stellar ancestors before our Sun?
+1627	Why is the discovery of merging neutron stars important?
+1628	Why dont astronomers use meters to measure astronomical distances?
+1629	Could the dinosaurs have seen the asteroid that killed them?
+1630	Is the moon only 60 pixels?
+1631	Why is only one side of the Moon visible from Earth?
+1632	How does the Earth move in the sky as seen from the Moon?
+1633	Why not take a picture of a closer black hole?
+1634	Can gravitational waves pass through a black hole?
+1635	Is it dark inside the Sun?
+1636	Does the Milky Way move through space?
+1637	Why is there a zig-zag in elemental abundances?
+1638	If a massive object like Jupiter flew past the Earth how close would it need to come to pull people off of the surface?
+1639	How many planets are there in this solar system?
+1640	When will the Sun end all human life on Earth?
+1641	Why is the asteroid belt shaped like a triangle?
+1642	Would we have more than 8 minutes of light, if the Sun went out?
+1643	If two black hole event horizons overlap (touch) can they ever separate again?
+1644	Why hasnt the 9th Planet been detected already?
+1645	What is the hottest thing in the universe?
+1646	Where did TRAPPIST-1a go?
+1647	If light has no mass, why is it affected by gravity?
+1648	Why does Io cast a hard shadow on Jupiter, but the Moon casts a soft shadow on Earth?
+1649	Why is moon light not the same color as sunlight?
+1650	What would happen if an ice cube is left in space?
+1651	Sun constantly converts mass into energy, will this cause its gravity to decrease?
+1652	Is there any role today that would justify building a large single dish radio telescope to replace Arecibo?
+1653	How powerful a telescope would allow me to view the astronauts aboard ISS do a space-walk?
+1654	Is there a star over my head?
+1655	Why has Venuss atmosphere not been stripped away by solar wind?
+1656	How did Astronomers deduce that the Sun was not a ball of fire?
+1657	Why does it take so long to transmit an image from New Horizons to Earth?
+1658	Two species of dark matter?
+1659	Does the Milky Way orbit around anything?
+1660	If Earth is tilted, why is Polaris always above the same spot?
+1661	Is it possible to achieve a stable lunarstationary orbit around the moon?
+1662	Why is Mars cold?
+1663	How can HD 140283 be older than the universe?
+1664	Does matter accumulate just outside the event horizon of a black hole?
+1665	Where does the Solar System end?
+1666	What is in the center of the universe?
+1667	Does the sun cross other spiral arms in its movement around the galaxys center?
+1668	Why do Black Holes in the middle of galaxies not suck up the whole galaxy?
+1669	How does neutron star collapse into black hole?
+1670	How do we have photos of galaxies so far away?
+1671	How old is the oldest light visible from Earth?
+1672	Are photons aged?
+1673	Why does the Sun have different day lengths, but not the gas giants?
+1674	Why does gas form a star instead of a black hole?
+1675	Why is Gaia operating around Earth orbit? Why not send it to Neptunes orbit?
+1676	Why is our solar system tipped about 63° with respect to the plane of our galaxy?
+1677	Are new stars less pure as generations go by?
+1678	How are black holes found?
+1679	Can the moon appear to be in any position in the sky?
+1680	How do scientists know that the distant parts of the universe obey the physical laws exactly as we observe around us?
+1681	Do all stars have an Oort cloud or is it a rare occurence?
+1682	Why are we building larger land-based telescopes instead of launching larger ones into space?
+1683	Is Earths moon the only one where a total eclipse of the sun covers the entire sun?
+1684	Why are there uneven bright areas in this photo of black hole?
+1685	How do we know that black holes are spinning?
+1686	How large can a ball of water be without fusion starting?
+1687	Closest star system to Alpha Centauri?
+1688	How do we distinguish old craters from new ones on the Moon?
+1689	How can comets have tails if theres no air resistance in space?
+1690	How do I calculate the inclination of an object with an amateur telescope?
+1691	Is it a coincidence that on the far side of the moon almost no seas are visible?
+1692	9th planet location?
+1693	Why cant we see Saturns phases from earth?
+1694	Why does the Moon appear gray when passing between the Sun and the Earth?
+1695	Are there any stars that orbit perpendicular to the Milky Ways galactic plane?
+1696	Why does Jupiter have so many moons?
+1697	Why doesnt the moon twinkle?
+1698	Considering our methods of exploration, how likely is it that there are unfound planets (not dwarf planets) in our solar system?
+1699	How exactly does Hawking radiation decrease the mass of black holes?
+1700	Do moons have moons?
+1701	If you lived on the far side of the Moon, how could you infer the existence of Earth?
+1702	Whats the fastest moving object in the universe?
+1703	Why do the planets in our solar system orbit in the same plane?
+1704	Did I see another planet?
+1705	Is Venus in some way tidally locked to... Earth?
+1706	What did LIGO Actually See? (Gravitational waves discovery)
+1707	How was the mass of Venus determined?
+1708	Where can I find the positions of the planets, stars, moons, artificial satellites, etc. and visualize them?
+1709	Could any known, living organisms on Earth survive on Mars?
+1710	Why do (most of) the planets rotate counterclockwise, i.e. the same way the Sun does?
+1711	How should I deal with becoming discouraged as a graduate student?
+1712	How to ask dumb questions
+1713	Upset by male classmates openly comparing female students according to physical appearance
+1714	I dont want to kill any more mice, but my advisor insists that I must in order to get my PhD
+1715	Should I share my horrible software?
+1716	Moral dilemma in unwittingly being paid to complete a students work
+1717	How to effectively deal with Imposter Syndrome and feelings of inadequacy: Ive somehow convinced everyone that Im actually good at this
+1718	How to avoid procrastination during the research phase of my PhD?
+1719	A paper I received to review has (independently) duplicated work that we are writing up. How to proceed in light of peer-review confidentiality?
+1720	Why do American colleges and universities have sports teams?
+1721	Sex worker student offering her (lawful) services
+1722	How to read papers without falling into a rabbit hole?
+1723	A published paper stole my unpublished results from a science fair
+1724	Failing students when it might cause them economic ruin
+1725	Female students coming to office hours in overly revealing clothing
+1726	How to avoid being falsely accused of harassment by a student?
+1727	Professor creates assignment making students advocate for a bill being presented to Congress. Is this legal?
+1728	Have I embarassed my supervisors by solving a problem that a PhD student in my group was working on without success?
+1729	I believe I have solved a famous open problem. How do I convince people in the field that I am not a crank?
+1730	What to do when your student is convinced that he will be the next Einstein?
+1731	University rank/stature - How much does it affect ones career post-Ph.D?
+1732	Writing a recommendation letter for a student I reported for academic dishonesty
+1733	Why would an academic write a textbook for free?
+1734	Postdoc overwhelmed by incomplete work
+1735	What to do with a student coming to class in revealing clothing, to the degree that it disrupts the teaching environment?
+1736	How can I recover professionally from being a crank?
+1737	Can I add a baby as a co-author of a scientific paper, to protest against co-authors who havent made any contribution?
+1738	May a man attend a workshop entitled “Young women in [domain]”?
+1739	How to deal with an advisor who wants a friendlier relationship with me than I do?
+1740	How to stop hopping the learning chain and actually begin somewhere?
+1741	How can I convince graduate students in China to not copy/paste from the Internet into their research papers?
+1742	How to deal with a student who most likely has a mental condition, and keeps arguing with me in class?
+1743	Is it possible to recover after a career setback such as this?
+1744	How do you cite a Github repository?
+1745	Quoting a typo: Do I really have to do sic, or can I just fix the sentence?
+1746	I realize I made a huge mistake in my thesis and am not sure what to do. Im defending very soon (days away). What should I do?
+1747	Religious supervisor wants to thank god in the acknowledgements
+1748	Is it acceptable to publish student names with the label stupid question, on a publicly-visible website?
+1749	Grades are too high for the department - what should I do?
+1750	My research paper filed as a patent in China by my Chinese supervisor without me as inventor
+1751	Grant fraud, should I bust my PhD advisor?
+1752	Why dont researchers publish failed experiments?
+1753	What does the typical workflow of a journal look like?
+1754	How do you come to terms with the fact that you might never be among the best in your research community?
+1755	Do I have the legal right to demand information on plagiarism of my work from another university?
+1756	Why are papers without code but with results accepted?
+1757	In a formal paper, should I censor brainf**k, the name of a programming language?
+1758	How do you judge the quality of a journal?
+1759	Why do many talented scientists write horrible software?
+1760	Profs neurological health is declining rapidly. What can I (TA) do?
+1761	My paper is being cited in vaccine misinformation. What do I do?
+1762	How honest should one be with their students when talking about the realities of academia?
+1763	What to do about questions that are designed to embarrass the speaker?
+1764	I (independently) solved a fellow students research problem. I want to publish it. What should I do?
+1765	How to deal with failing a student?
+1766	Is Obamas JAMA paper OK?
+1767	Why are most scientific articles locked behind a paywall?
+1768	What does first authorship really mean?
+1769	How can a TA help a student who is certain she sucks at programming?
+1770	Our teacher is encouraging us to use cracked software
+1771	I am uncomfortable about students taking pictures of the blackboard, because I dont like appearing in them
+1772	Appropriateness of dedicating my thesis to a Jewish mathematician who died in a concentration camp
+1773	Teaching a class likely meant to inflate the GPA of student athletes
+1774	Rediscovery of calculus in 1994: what should have happened to that paper?
+1775	A student in my course does well on exams, but doesnt do the homework: Go easy on them, or make them pay the price?
+1776	What to do if a referee plagiarises the result after rejecting a paper?
+1777	Does one need to be affiliated with a university to publish papers?
+1778	Is it appropriate for a professor to require students to sign a non-disclosure agreement before being taught?
+1779	How to deal with a very weak student?
+1780	Should I intervene when a colleague in a different department makes students run laps as part of their grade?
+1781	How does the admissions process work for Ph.D. programs in the US, particularly for weak or borderline students?
+1782	Will ISIS attacks hurt my PhD application as a Muslim?
+1783	My professor is rigging data and plagiarizing. What can I do?
+1784	Is declining an undergraduate award which causes me discomfort appropriate?
+1785	Is it ethical to submit a paper with the name of a co-author who cannot be contacted?
+1786	How do I handle a colleagues gender change when citing their paper?
+1787	Best-practice models for research code?
+1788	I slept with my advisors daughter and she is blackmailing me now. What can I do?
+1789	Should I simply ignore it if authors assume that Im male in their response to my review of their article?
+1790	Whats the point of PhD theses if nobody reads them?
+1791	Why do most people think its a bad idea to read from slides?
+1792	Why is my mood dictated so much by how well my research is going?
+1793	Is there a place in academia for someone who compulsively solves every problem on their own?
+1794	How hard do early-career academics in the United States work, really?
+1795	Can leaked nude pictures damage ones academic career?
+1796	How to build healthy working relationships with my male colleagues as a young-ish, attractive-ish woman?
+1797	Useful strategies for answering dumb questions in a talk?
+1798	Reporting a student who may be psychologically disturbed
+1799	Is it ethical to profit by having my students buy my textbook?
+1800	Two years into my PhD program, and Mom is dying of cancer. Should I tell my advisor about it?
+1801	What to do about grade grubbers?
+1802	I am an editor for a lousy paper and I found a better algorithm than theirs. Must I share it with them?
+1803	Should a young professor avoid using dating apps?
+1804	How do I identify predatory and low quality journals? With Bealls List gone, how can I tell if a journal is spam?
+1805	Is publishing runnable code instead of pseudo code shunned?
+1806	Why are professors websites so ugly?
+1807	Should professors intervene if a student is wearing offensive clothing in their classroom?
+1808	Is it ethical/acceptable to give a lighter penalty to students who admit to cheating?
+1809	My students family wont let her study what she wants
+1810	Should the slides in a presentation be self-explanatory or be as minimal as possible?
+1811	Is it okay to report classmates cheating on exams?
+1812	Should I quit my PhD - workload, self-esteem and social life
+1813	Should I have doubts if the organizers of a workshop ask me to sign a behavior agreement upfront?
+1814	Is ignoring emails acceptable in academia?
+1815	How to supervise a bad PhD student
+1816	Should I send professors money for illegally downloading their books?
+1817	Taking an academic pseudonym?
+1818	Slept through final, professor is giving me a zero and failing me – is there anything I can do to change this?
+1819	How do you get a bad transcript past Ph.D. admissions?
+1820	Knowing that most students submit assignments right around the deadline, is it advisable not to set deadline that is very late at night?
+1821	I was caught cheating on an exam, how can I minimize the damage?
+1822	How do you answer Oh, youre a professor? What do you teach?
+1823	Choice of personal pronoun in single-author papers
+1824	Software to draw illustrative figures in papers
+1825	In a yes/no question, a student gives the right answer and an unnecessary but wrong explanation. How to grade?
+1826	Do academics look down on well-designed academic websites?
+1827	Asked again to review a paper, when the authors dont wish to modify it
+1828	Fellow student asked question from take-home exam on Stack Exchange
+1829	How to react when encountering students who have previously failed my course?
+1830	How to deal with anxiety and depression after being kicked out of PhD program?
+1831	What should I do after advisor got upset when I expressed belief in evolution and then said he couldnt add me to his research team?
+1832	How to argue against questionable research practices such as P-hacking and Harking?
+1833	What is this can I hire you as a tutor scam?
+1834	Gender transition as a starting faculty member: a terrible idea?
+1835	If I request a paper through my university library, must they pay a substantial amount of money?
+1836	Is it appropriate to email a professor saying you enjoyed their class, after doing well in it?
+1837	Advisor tries to reproduce my results to ensure my honesty. Is it the norm?
+1838	What is the purpose of women-only meetings, panels, conferences, etc. in academia?
+1839	How to come up with research ideas?
+1840	Googling my name reveals silly things from when I was younger. I am embarassed. How will this affect me in my future academic career?
+1841	What to remember when supervising female PhD students?
+1842	How to stop feeling guilty about unfinished work?
+1843	Asking questions in class: how can I exit a Q&A when I havent really understood?
+1844	How to deal with arrogant e-mail of a student
+1845	Why do researchers sometimes use extremely complicated English sentences to convey their meaning?
+1846	Why are research papers written in language thats difficult for undergraduate students?
+1847	Do I not have the personality for a PhD?
+1848	Editor rejected manuscript claiming it is similar to a not-yet-published manuscript (that I havent seen). How to proceed?
+1849	What are fake, shady, and/or predatory journals?
+1850	Only one student answered an exam question - and I strongly suspect he cheated
+1851	Why do students go for a PhD even when chances of getting academic jobs on its completion are slim?
+1852	Is doing two PhDs a good path?
+1853	How to silence the voice that tells you youre being financially irresponsible by spending 4 to 6 years doing a PhD?
+1854	Why do Americans care so much about recommendation letters?
+1855	What is the point of listing 1000 authors for a single scientific paper?
+1856	How to approach a student with bad hygiene?
+1857	Dressing down to impress in academic settings
+1858	Why is plagiarism so harshly punished?
+1859	What makes someone deserving of a Ph.D.?
+1860	Student caught cheating when leaving class after handing me the exam
+1861	What is the best last slide in a thesis presentation?
+1862	How can I prevent students from writing answers on an assignment, then claiming I didnt see their answer?
+1863	Is it okay for a professor to leave the classroom only 5 min past the class start if nobody has shown up?
+1864	Is it reasonable for a professor to ask students to stay 30-45 minutes past scheduled class time every week?
+1865	PhD Student : Publish Paper with Wife?
+1866	Is Academia really just a huge competition?
+1867	What can I do when some people stole my master thesis work and published it as their own work?
+1868	What should I do if my advisor is forcing me to vote on a specific candidate in IEEE elections?
+1869	None of 25 students at question session before exam has a question. What should lecturer do?
+1870	Why is it acceptable that publishers sell papers they didn’t pay for?
+1871	How to respond to a company that wants specific details on implementation of my PhD research?
+1872	Should I recommend a student with a bad ideology?
+1873	How to prevent students from using modified calculators to cheat on exams?
+1874	Is it ethical for a professor to get masters students to work on open source modules related to the professors profit-making company?
+1875	My teaching evaluations arrived and female students statistically gave me worse scores than male students. Is there any possible explanation?
+1876	How to handle requests for a race-based exam structure?
+1877	Ethical concerns regarding the review of a paper on autonomous armed drones
+1878	Why do universities fund Ph.D. students in the sciences?
+1879	What is a “sandwich thesis”?
+1880	What is behind the Indian Undergrad Research Experience-spam?
+1881	Submitting paper proving X soon after paper proving X-epsilon
+1882	Assistant professor vs Associate professor
+1883	What to do if I have seen an exam before I have taken it?
+1884	Has anyone, based on great performance, ever been awarded a higher degree than the one they enrolled for?
+1885	What to do if most of my students have switched to a better lecturers class?
+1886	Professor falsely accusing me of cheating in a class he does not teach, two months after end of the class. What precautions should I take?
+1887	Is it unethical to supply a marked solution to a student who has shown intent to cheat, with the intent of identifying them for punishment?
+1888	A famous scholar sent me an unpublished draft of hers. Then she died. I think her work should be published. What should I do?
+1889	My admission is revoked after accepting the admission offer
+1890	Is having access to past exams cheating and, if yes, could it be proven just by a good grade?
+1891	Will my cancer ruin my chances of going to graduate school in math?
+1892	The overwhelming silence in shy classes
+1893	Students bringing babies to class
+1894	I lost my students quizzes due to a theft, what should I do?
+1895	How can I address a student systematically boosting their grades by filing frivolous complaints?
+1896	One of my student researchers is likely falsifying some results/data. What are the consequences?
+1897	Professor does not care about cheating, what should TA do?
+1898	What happens if a math PhD student fails to find a proof that is the main objective of his/her thesis topic?
+1899	During peer-review, should I comment on the authors messy code?
+1900	How do I deal with a candidate mentioning God twelve times in their application?
+1901	Is it true that PhD students need to work 10-12 hours a day every day to be productive?
+1902	Just started a postdoc, but it went REALLY bad, REALLY fast. Stay or go?
+1903	I have stack-exchanged through my undergrad math program. Am I likely to succeed in mathematics PhD programs?
+1904	E-mail address to use in publications
+1905	The GRE: Why does this still exist?
+1906	Do authors have to be politically correct in article-writing?
+1907	Why do some instructors care so much about attendance?
+1908	If I quit my PhD, would it make my advisor look bad?
+1909	Im feeling discouraged after getting tenure; should I quit?
+1910	What should I do when my accepted paper is subsequently rejected?
+1911	Why cant universities work around the proposed reclassification of tuition remission as taxable income, by not charging tuition?
+1912	How to be a co-author anonymously?
+1913	Is it possible to work full time and complete a PhD?
+1914	What to say to a student who has failed?
+1915	How to tell an over-confident student they still have a lot to learn?
+1916	When should a supervisor be an author?
+1917	Are non-citizen Muslim professors and students going to be removed from US universities and subsequently deported by Trumps ban?
+1918	Is web-presence important for researchers?
+1919	Is there an affordable way for non-students to subscribe to multi-journals/archives?
+1920	Should I report a PhD student’s incompetence to their supervisor?
+1921	You are paid to answer my questions! - how to handle silly questions?
+1922	I want to do research but Im too old for a PHD
+1923	Why is peer review so random?
+1924	Where do bad papers go to die?
+1925	How do I talk about my abusive former advisor if people ask?
+1926	Walk up and talk to random people at academic conferences - is that appropriate?
+1927	What makes academic failure different from failure in another career?
+1928	My supervisor doesnt believe in depression
+1929	Techniques for good board handwriting
+1930	Should I seek professional help because I have a lot of math books?
+1931	Is it ok to upload joke papers to arXiv?
+1932	PhD student, issued contract at year 3 which will sign over intellectual property. Is it legal?
+1933	Donating money to scientific research after my death
+1934	How to handle lecturer who doesnt let me use my phone?
+1935	What is the justification for the typical punishment of a student who did not cheat but helped others cheat?
+1936	How do mathematicians conduct research?
+1937	Is it OK to refuse to cite paywalled papers?
+1938	Are college students forbidden from sharing their grades with other students?
+1939	How can I avoid being the negative one when giving feedback on statistics?
+1940	Editor asks for π to be written in roman
+1941	I am non-tenured and have been offered a tenure-track position at my current university, but I dont want to stay here long term. What should I do?
+1942	Typical experiences of transgender people in academia?
+1943	How to react to a student proselytising during office hours?
+1944	How to quiet noisy undergrads students during lecture
+1945	Why do professors want to make sure that their notes written on the blackboard will not be published?
+1946	Two-thirds of my class colluded. Should I report them to the academic offences committee?
+1947	How should I proceed when a (famous) professor says Im not good enough for research?
+1948	What can I do if my advisor wants me to keep working, even while Im on medical leave for severe depression?
+1949	How to avoid a hostile takeover of first authorship during medical leave?
+1950	How to react when a team of colleagues obviously made up some results?
+1951	As a department head, what to do if a professor leaves without giving out grades?
+1952	How to become well-known in the research community while being a PhD student
+1953	Should I report an accepted PhD thesis in which the literature review is copied verbatim from sources?
+1954	Am I reading enough of the scientific literature? Should I read for breadth or depth?
+1955	Should I explain to the graduate admission committee why I am older than most prospective PhD students?
+1956	Strategies for teaching with facial aphasia (inability to recognize faces aka prosopagnosia, face-blindness)
+1957	Use of first person in a PhD Thesis
+1958	Is 8:00 AM an unreasonable time to meet with my graduate students and post-doc?
+1959	A student keeps using a native language while asking questions in the class when the course is taught in English
+1960	As a TA, how to react if I come across a Facebook group in which students insult me?
+1961	What is the origin of the underwater basket weaving meme in Academia?
+1962	Are there good reasons to avoid using color in research papers?
+1963	What productive academic work can you do with minimal attention in a small (<30 minutes) block of time?
+1964	How should I deal with very negative feedback from some students?
+1965	What is the point of a lecture when you have a textbook?
+1966	Where did I lose control of my studies?
+1967	First year Math PhD student; My problem solving skill has been completely atrophied and continues to decline
+1968	Referee says the proof is wrong, but it is not, what to do?
+1969	Should I tell students that its my first time teaching the course?
+1970	Why are some professors critical of even casual use of Wikipedia?
+1971	Counter strategy against group that repeatedly does strategic self-citations and ignores other relevant research
+1972	How to train students to write high-quality research papers?
+1973	How do I reference the Python programming language in a thesis or a paper?
+1974	What are the potential pitfalls of having a PhD?
+1975	Accused of cheating due to the time accounted by Blackboard
+1976	Is it acceptable for a professor to tell male students to not think that they are smarter than female students?
+1977	Citing paywalled articles accessed via illegal web sharing
+1978	How do teachers learn to grade?
+1979	Should I take threats from a former professor seriously?
+1980	Does publishing a paper on arXiv prevent me from submitting it to a non-open access journal?
+1981	How to deal with a student who harasses the (inexperienced) teacher during class?
+1982	How to respond to unfair to write English comments?
+1983	Someone plagiarised my entire paper. What should I do now?
+1984	How to help reduce students anxiety in an oral exam?
+1985	How to deal with a professor who grades assignments and exams incorrectly
+1986	Are results that are derived simply by using more computational power publishable?
+1987	What are the advantages or disadvantages of using LaTeX for writing scientific publications
+1988	How to let a PhD student know that their research is not as good as they think it is
+1989	First author doesnt want a co-author to read the whole paper
+1990	Why are many obviously pointless papers published, or worse studied?
+1991	Can a lecturer force you to learn a specific programming syntax / language?
+1992	Why upload to academic preprint sites like arXiv?
+1993	Lecturer ridiculing me in front of class for making a mistake
+1994	Is there any problem with students seeing faculty naked in university gym?
+1995	Am I being exploited by my supervisor?
+1996	What to answer an author asking me if I reviewed his/her paper?
+1997	Is it ethical to use proprietary (closed-source) software for scientific computation?
+1998	Why does this site give different answers about leaving a bad situation compared to Workplace.SE?
+1999	How to deal with an academic stalker?
+2000	My first authorship is being turned into co-first authorship, what can I do?
+2001	A student forgot to answer an exam question
+2002	Can I, as a reviewer, tell authors to get a native English speaker to proofread their paper?
+2003	How to deal with people looking at their mobile phone during my presentation?
+2004	What is a social strategy I can use to respond to Hows your PhD going?
+2005	What good is engineering research with no practical relevance?
+2006	PhD candidate vs PhD student
+2007	Why do academics frequently write very short email replies?
+2008	Is it valid to modify a students exam grade if you feel they did not earn it?
+2009	Is it appropriate (as a PhD student) to email other researchers asking about some details in their papers?
+2010	Why do researchers need universities?
+2011	Is it acceptable for a professor to ask post-doc student to babysit for free?
+2012	How can I tell if I have simplified my talk too much?