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+[{"audio_id": "47XZYj8Lj4Q", "text": {"47XZYj8Lj4Q-00000-00000000-00000500": "Welcome to the Spoken Tutorial on the Basic Function. This is one of the two tutorials on this topic.", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00001-00000600-00001200": "In this tutorial, I'm going to take you through how to create your function, the syntax of it and how to input one or more than one value", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00002-00001300-00001600": "The other tutorial will be on returning values", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00003-00001700-00002200": "So let us start with this. I am creating my PHP tags here. I'll start with my syntax which is function", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00004-00002300-00002600": "And then the function name which is myName", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00005-00002700-00003700": "It's probably easy to use common caps here. Which is why you have lower case, then going to upper case, back to lower case. Finally, the new words will start from upper cases", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00006-00003800-00004200": "It's much easier to read but I always prefer to use the small case", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00007-00004300-00005500": "Then you're going to have 2 parenthesis. Nothing inside them yet. We're not taking any input here and inside I'll write my code.  So I'll write Alex", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00008-00005600-00006400": "Okay, if we run this now , we will see that nothing happens", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00009-00006500-00007000": "Because of that we've declared our function. But we haven't called it yet", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00010-00007100-00007700": "Now, to call our function we just need to write the name of the function, the 2 brackets and the line terminator", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00011-00007800-00008300": "If we are putting values through this, that need to be processed, we'll put them in here", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00012-00008400-00008900": "But, for now don't worry about that. We're just calling out our function which will execute this block of code", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00013-00009000-00009500": "So, let's do a refresh and there you go. Alex is been echoed down", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00014-00009600-00011200": "Now, suppose, if I want to add more than one line of code. I can put as much code here as I want. That's what the block is there for. To accommodate for more new lines. Let's just test that", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00015-00011300-00013200": "We can see that it worked. Another thing to add is that, it does not need to be called on it's own. It can be called, for example, my name is 'my name'.", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00016-00013300-00014100": "All-right, we need to say, 'my name is', and then echo the function separately", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00017-00014200-00015500": "The reason this didn't work is probably , because this is not a value. This is a function, so it's already going to echo Alex", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00018-00015600-00016400": "So, for picking out a new line it'll be the same, saying echo, my name is, echo Alex, Okay?", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00019-00016500-00017600": "So, this would not work if we had it here. For example, you would literally just have output my name is, my name, Okay?", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00020-00017700-00018200": "So, let's take this back down here. Refresh it, there you go, my name is Alex", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00021-00018300-00019000": "Just to make sure that I'm clear. If I was to replace this with a code, which was being executed, it would look like that", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00022-00019100-00019500": "So, we wouldn't do that, Okay?", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00023-00019600-00022500": "So, that was only to get clear on that. Now we'll move on to the fact that, you can call a function before it's been defined. That is, because of the way PHP works. So if I say, refresh this, you'll expect this because the function is being called before it's been declared. That, it would recognize it from top to bottom", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00024-00022600-00023900": "However, it doesn't work that way. You can declare it at the bottom of the page if you think that's best. I always prefer to declare at the top, so that I can resume or back up to the top and see where I am", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00025-00024000-00025800": "But, that's about it. Now, putting a value in, what I'll do is I'll say 'your name is' name.  That's echoing out 'your name is' and then the variable 'name'. I'll name the function 'yourname'", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00026-00025900-00027800": "Now, where's the variable going to come from? I want the user to be able to input this. I mean I'm not talking about input but if I put the name here and then I say your name, Alex", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00027-00027900-00029700": "This is how it works. yourname calls the function, takes this variable into account, puts this variable into name and then reads the variable from echo. This is what I mean.", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00028-00029800-00031600": "So, we're basically saying your name Alex. To proceed with, I need a value for this, particularly a string value. So you go up to here and see if anything has been entered as input. You see it has been. It's Alex. So we should get your name is Alex now", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00029-00031700-00032500": "There we are! We can change this to Billy. Thus you've seen how it works", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00030-00032600-00033700": "All-right, now, what I want to do is, I might want to add to my function to say that you are so and so years old. So, I can say that you are age years old", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00031-00033800-00034900": "What we need to say is name and age. Basically, what we do is add another variable", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00032-00035000-00036900": "Okay, so, we're adding an extra thing here, separated by a comma. Here we need to separate the variables by a comma. So, again it's taking this variable into account. Putting it here and echoing it out here. Taking this variable into account. Putting it in the call and echoing it out here", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00033-00037000-00037800": "This is basically the structure of your variable. How many variables it takes and this is how you code your function", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00034-00037900-00039000": "So, let's test that. Okay, you need a space out there. I can change this again to Alex, 19 and refresh. There you go", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00035-00039100-00040500": "So, functions are written to save time.  It takes large blocks of code. It can take an input. It will process it in such a way that it would be time consuming otherwise", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00036-00040600-00041400": "This brings us to the end of this tutorial. For advanced functions, like returning value, please check the other tutorials on functions.", "47XZYj8Lj4Q-00037-00041500-00042000": "Thanks for watching.  This is Arvind for the Spoken Tutorial Project.  Goodbye."}}, {"audio_id": "481GhVSU3q0", "text": {"481GhVSU3q0-00000-00000000-00000279": "FROM THE NAIL Live begins", "481GhVSU3q0-00001-00000279-00000861": "I'm going to apply FROM THE NAIL Geomeori Base Gel", "481GhVSU3q0-00002-00000861-00001500": "I'm going to apply one coat with FROM THE NAIL Cereal Gel No.94", "481GhVSU3q0-00003-00001500-00002140": "I'm going to apply two coat with FROM THE NAIL Cereal Gel No.94", "481GhVSU3q0-00004-00002140-00003096": "I'm going to draw a vertical line leant to the right with FROM THE NAIL FU01", "481GhVSU3q0-00005-00003096-00003947": "Without being curing, I'm going to draw a horizontal line", "481GhVSU3q0-00006-00003947-00004289": "I'm going to wipe the sticky layer", "481GhVSU3q0-00007-00004289-00005716": "I'm going to draw a vertical line with Hyunzzang Art Painting Gel Black", "481GhVSU3q0-00008-00005716-00006337": "Without being curing, I'm going to correct the lines with FROM THE NAIL Oval Brush", "481GhVSU3q0-00009-00006337-00007280": "I'm going to draw  the center of the vertical line with Hyunzzang Art Painting Gel Black", "481GhVSU3q0-00010-00007280-00008362": "I'm going to draw a horizontal line with Hyunzzang Art Painting Gel Black", "481GhVSU3q0-00011-00008362-00008980": "I'm going to draw the center of the horizontal line with Hyunzzang Art Painting Gel Black", "481GhVSU3q0-00012-00008980-00009382": "I'm going to overlay thinly with FROM THE NAIL Geomeori Base Gel", "481GhVSU3q0-00013-00009382-00009821": "I'm going to draw a vertical line on the left with FROM THE NAIL Cereal Gel No.93 first", "481GhVSU3q0-00014-00009821-00010675": "I'm going to draw a horizontal line with Hyunzzang Art Painting Gel White", "481GhVSU3q0-00015-00010675-00011224": "I'm going to draw a vertical line with Hyunzzang Art Painting Gel White", "481GhVSU3q0-00016-00011224-00011896": "I'm going to draw a horizontal line with FROM THE NAIL Cereal Gel No.93", "481GhVSU3q0-00017-00011896-00012439": "I'm going to overlay thinly with FROM THE NAIL Clear Gel", "481GhVSU3q0-00018-00012439-00013202": "Without being curing, I'm going to put SARACEN Half-ball cham on the overlapped area", "481GhVSU3q0-00019-00013202-00014375": "I'm going to finish it with FROM THE NAIL Matt Top Gel", "481GhVSU3q0-00020-00014375-00014550": "Fall In Check Nail Art Completed!", "481GhVSU3q0-00021-00014550-00014691": "Clap clap clap!!", "481GhVSU3q0-00022-00014691-00014833": "Thanks for watching :)", "481GhVSU3q0-00023-00014833-00015141": "Please \"Subscribe\" and \"Like\" on SARACEN TV!"}}, {"audio_id": "48-zWJ8Z9II", "text": {"48-zWJ8Z9II-00000-00000000-00000240": "*Bruce and Selina sex tape*", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00001-00000240-00000896": "*Bruce and Selina sex tape* (John even recorded it and uploaded it to PornHub)", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00002-00001022-00001114": "John Doe (As Batman): Don't go Gogoat.", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00003-00001150-00001224": "John Doe (As Jim Gordon): I got a city to save!", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00004-00001316-00001406": "*John Doe's cuckoo laugh*", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00005-00001454-00001554": "John Doe (As Jim Gordon): Too much memes!", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00006-00001574-00001720": "John Doe (As Jim Gordon): Waller ordered me to shit cheese.", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00007-00001720-00001868": "John Doe (As Batman): Jim, I have pizza.", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00008-00001880-00002042": "John Doe (As Jim Gordon): NO! This is my pizza! >:(", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00009-00002078-00002232": "John Doe (As himself): Manbat! The name's John John.", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00010-00002232-00002846": "*John has the time of his lifeu*", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00011-00003372-00003444": "Bruce Wayne: You're in my chair.", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00012-00003510-00003665": "Lucius Fox: Just updating your Bat-dick.", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00013-00003802-00003922": "Lucius Fox: But if you want me to stop...", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00014-00003922-00004038": "Bruce Wayne: No, the seat is my chair.", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00015-00004088-00004138": "Lucius Fox: I need crack.", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00016-00004156-00004206": "Bruce Wayne: You're fired! >:(", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00017-00004214-00004312": "*Big sad* (I wonder what Tiffany would say)", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00018-00004440-00004520": "Batman: I love your cock. (Woah! Selina is a futa?)", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00019-00004526-00004576": "Catwoman: You got it! ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00020-00005066-00005162": "*BDSM sounds*", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00021-00005196-00005276": "Catwoman: I'll try and take it easy on you.", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00022-00005276-00005378": "Catwoman: I'll try and take it easy on you. (Protip: When having sex with a futa always ask her to go easy on your booty)", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00023-00005396-00005512": "*Batman getting pegged by Catwoman*", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00024-00008764-00008870": "*The sound of John giving Bruce a blowjob*", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00025-00008976-00009040": "(Dammit)", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00026-00009170-00009396": "John: Ahh yeah that's the stuff... (That's what she said)", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00027-00009396-00009546": "John: Let's roleplay uwu", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00028-00009546-00009632": "Bruce: Uh what?", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00029-00009632-00009706": "John: You be Harley xD", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00030-00009800-00009914": "*Turning into Harley*", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00031-00009914-00010092": "John: Say something Harley would say xD", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00032-00010938-00011144": "Harley Quinn: You back stabbing piece of crap! >:(", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00033-00011972-00012060": "Joker: Oh- my back..", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00034-00019848-00019928": "Coca-Cola Man: Joker stop!", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00035-00020192-00020296": "(Waste of good Pepsi smh)", "48-zWJ8Z9II-00036-00020428-00020584": "Joker: You and your stupid Coke! >:("}}, {"audio_id": "48Vbq1O3qr4", "text": {"48Vbq1O3qr4-00000-00000064-00000128": ">> Hello again.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00001-00000172-00000273": "We're moving on to something different.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00002-00000313-00000403": "Well it doesn't look like it.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00003-00000403-00000876": "We still have a quadratic equation but rather than solving for x,", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00004-00000978-00001241": "we're going to solve for what we call the vertex.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00005-00001324-00001642": "Well the thing is when we plot this we'd get a parabola.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00006-00001685-00001793": "A parabola.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00007-00001836-00001946": "Either opening up.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00008-00001946-00002113": "Opening down or opening up.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00009-00002113-00002417": "So we get something like this or something like this.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00010-00002504-00002995": "Well when we're applying this to real life situations, often what we want to do is figure", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00011-00002995-00003243": "out the so called vertex, this position.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00012-00003324-00003390": "This position.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00013-00003433-00003761": "Then again if it opens up or opens down, we'll talk about that in a second.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00014-00003761-00003961": "Whether it's a maximum position or a minimum.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00015-00003999-00004055": "Just think.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00016-00004098-00004325": "This is often used in things like projectile motion.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00017-00004367-00004629": "When you take a ball, you throw it through the air.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00018-00004647-00004841": "It goes through an arch, just like this.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00019-00004841-00005034": "Maybe not as emphasized as this one.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00020-00005034-00005356": "It might be more of a shadow arch like this but there's still going", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00021-00005356-00005612": "to be a certain maximum height you reach.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00022-00005709-00005903": "So if we want to know what that maximum height is.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00023-00005970-00006301": "And I want to know where I threw it from and where it lands as much", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00024-00006301-00006578": "because that's something I probably know already.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00025-00006578-00006761": "I want to know the maximum height I'll hit.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00026-00006861-00007139": "So we need the so called vertex.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00027-00007267-00007374": "Let's look at how to solve it.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00028-00007411-00007743": "We're going to see to do that we do what we call completing the square.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00029-00007765-00007981": "Putting the equation into vertex form.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00030-00007981-00008382": "You might hear both things or you might be asked to solve the max or min.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00031-00008382-00008579": "And then asked to determine if it is a max or min.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00032-00008579-00008704": "We'll look at that part last.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00033-00008789-00009265": "But completing the square, putting it in vertex form really mean the same thing and we're going", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00034-00009265-00009599": "to see that allows us to determine the max or min position.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00035-00009654-00010198": "The vertex is the max position or min position depending on the case.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00036-00010215-00010480": "Great. So what have we got?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00037-00010505-00011235": "We have the equation x squared minus 6 x plus 4 equaling 0.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00038-00011361-00011652": "Got to put this into vertex form.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00039-00011691-00011837": "Completing the square means we're going to try", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00040-00011837-00012159": "and make a perfect square out of this first part.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00041-00012220-00012386": "We're actually kind of ignoring the plus 4.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00042-00012426-00013132": "So what we're going to do is focus on this x squared minus 6 x part.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00043-00013206-00013322": "We still have the plus 4 out here.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00044-00013437-00013604": "Putting it in brackets to emphasize that.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00045-00013651-00013931": "And when we look at that next video, we'll have a more complicated case", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00046-00013931-00014244": "where the term in front of the x isn't 1.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00047-00014311-00014528": "So we got to make this into a perfect square somehow.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00048-00014609-00014838": "Well there's a nice trick for that.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00049-00014890-00015006": "Let's switch colour again.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00050-00015027-00015294": "And over here, what we're going to do is look at this term right.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00051-00015294-00016289": "The b in our quadratic and what we want to do is take that and do the b divided by 2 squared.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00052-00016417-00016658": "As always, you know hopefully you see there's a method to my madness.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00053-00016686-00017069": "So what we want to do in our case minus 6 divided by 2 all squared.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00054-00017103-00017470": "Or in other words, minus 3 squared which is 9.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00055-00017596-00017689": "Okay. I have this 9.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00056-00017689-00017784": "What are we going to do with that?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00057-00017882-00018352": "We're actually going to add in 9 here and of course, we're adding 9 to this side", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00058-00018352-00018648": "of the equation, we have to add it to that side as well.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00059-00018712-00019490": "So great. X squared minus 6 x and we're going to even add it in.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00060-00019490-00020227": "Plus 9 in the bracket plus 4 equals -- well we added plus 9 on this side.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00061-00020227-00020429": "Okay. So why did we do this?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00062-00020525-00020786": "This is what we call a perfect square.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00063-00020952-00021108": "So what does that mean?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00064-00021199-00021962": "Well, we can find that -- we could factor this to be x minus 3.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00065-00022159-00022229": "See that right there.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00066-00022229-00022506": "The minus 3 in the square after we divided by 2.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00067-00022537-00022660": "That will be this.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00068-00022670-00022800": "This is going to work every time.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00069-00022880-00023067": "Every time we want to complete the square, this is what we do.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00070-00023067-00023350": "We take that b term divide it by 2.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00071-00023377-00023724": "That will give us what's going to go in the brackets and then when we square it,", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00072-00023724-00024025": "that's what we're adding to both sides.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00073-00024025-00024107": "Not so bad hopefully.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00074-00024152-00024274": "Of course, we have to square it.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00075-00024274-00024504": "And if you don't believe me, check this out.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00076-00024514-00024632": "Expand this out.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00077-00024659-00024786": "Make sure you get this.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00078-00024859-00025061": "If you don't, maybe I made a mistake.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00079-00025164-00025648": "I didn't. Pretty confident about that but still have plus 4 here", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00080-00025702-00025979": "and actually we don't want this plus 9 on that side.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00081-00025979-00026087": "We want 0 on this side.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00082-00026087-00026286": "So we're going to have to subtract 9 from both sides.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00083-00026320-00026468": "Why are we doing this?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00084-00026509-00026744": "So minus 9 all equal 0.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00085-00026805-00027328": "This is still x minus 3 squared and now minus 5.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00086-00027328-00027471": "All equal to 0.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00087-00027550-00027665": "This was completing the square.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00088-00027718-00027924": "This was putting into vertex form.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00089-00028004-00028161": "So what does this tell us?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00090-00028173-00028289": "How do we get the vertex?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00091-00028346-00028435": "We read it off.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00092-00028514-00028609": "That's the beauty of this.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00093-00028634-00028838": "The vertex is this number.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00094-00028838-00029214": "This is our x coordinate except we have to multiply by a negative.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00095-00029266-00029592": "So our vertex is 3 and minus 5.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00096-00029647-00029777": "This one gets multiplied by a negative.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00097-00029777-00029839": "This doesn't.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00098-00029882-00030009": "That's our x coordinate.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00099-00030022-00030435": "So if we're talking about projectile motion, how far in this direction --", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00100-00030458-00030874": "this would be, in our case, 3 to the maximum.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00101-00030916-00031295": "I'm probably drawing this kind of poorly.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00102-00031295-00031572": "And the [inaudible] in this case it's minus 5.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00103-00031657-00032190": "Minus 5. So that would actually be more of a kind of drew this the wrong way.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00104-00032190-00032526": "In our case, you think minus 5.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00105-00032526-00032680": "Oh, so it must be going down.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00106-00032792-00033113": "So 3 over, 5 down.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00107-00033273-00033629": "Whatever we're graphing here, that's what would happen.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00108-00033802-00033989": "So what is this?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00109-00034018-00034488": "In this case, when I draw it out logically I can figure out it must be a minimum point.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00110-00034514-00034758": "But maybe I don't want to have to draw out the scenario and again,", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00111-00034758-00034930": "this is kind of a hokey drawing anyway.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00112-00034963-00035184": "How do I know if this is a max or min problem?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00113-00035184-00035378": "Because you hear me ask that all the time.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00114-00035410-00035517": "Find the max and min.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00115-00035564-00035707": "Great. Well we found it.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00116-00035819-00035979": "How do we know if it's a maximum or a minimum?", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00117-00036159-00036380": "Look at our form right here.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00118-00036380-00036514": "This is our vertex form.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00119-00036556-00036900": "If this is a positive right here, it's going to be a minimum.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00120-00036927-00037107": "If this was a negative, it'd be a maximum.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00121-00037211-00037265": "That's it.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00122-00037299-00037792": "This determines if it's positive it opens down like this case and this case.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00123-00037802-00038080": "If it was a negative, it would open or sorry.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00124-00038080-00038545": "It would open down if it's negative and it would open up if it's positive.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00125-00038580-00039307": "So this is the case if it was negative and you'd have a maximum but in our case, it's a plus.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00126-00039349-00039623": "So it opens up and it's a minimum.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00127-00039748-00039796": "And that's it.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00128-00039843-00039948": "This is vertex form.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00129-00039956-00040043": "Completing a square.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00130-00040059-00040449": "This is our vertex which in our case is a minimum because we know", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00131-00040470-00040830": "that it's plus in front here and thus opens up.", "48Vbq1O3qr4-00132-00040922-00041220": "We'll look at another case in a second."}}, {"audio_id": "4948FdiwH58", "text": {"4948FdiwH58-00000-00000102-00000540": "hello hello Queens it's your girl Kenisha with currency Queen budgets", "4948FdiwH58-00001-00000540-00001074": "in today's video I will be doing my savings challenges this is the last", "4948FdiwH58-00002-00001074-00001612": "one for December if that is something that you're interested in stay tuned [Music]", "4948FdiwH58-00003-00002700-00003108": "all right guys so I'm not going to waste any time I'm going to go ahead and jump into this video", "4948FdiwH58-00004-00003222-00004038": "um foreign if you are new before I get started if you are new welcome welcome to my channel I", "4948FdiwH58-00005-00004038-00004518": "hope you consider hitting a like And subscribe button and if you hit that subscribe button hit", "4948FdiwH58-00006-00004518-00005082": "that notification Bell as well so you are notified every time I upload content and oh don't forget to", "4948FdiwH58-00007-00005082-00005718": "leave me a comment and let me know that you are new okay so let's get into the savings challenges", "4948FdiwH58-00008-00005784-00006480": "yeah this is the last for this year I'm not gonna say my last cash done because I have", "4948FdiwH58-00009-00006480-00007259": "one more check coming but this is the last of my cash stuffing and I am going to finish up", "4948FdiwH58-00010-00007259-00007944": "all of my challenges or the rest of it instead of waiting and breaking those Downs into two", "4948FdiwH58-00011-00007944-00008514": "weeks but you guys will see when I get there we're going to count this money let's get this smooth I", "4948FdiwH58-00012-00008514-00009366": "counted how's everybody doing I hope everybody's doing great and let's get to Counting 20 40 60 81.", "4948FdiwH58-00013-00009612-00009924": "10 20 30 40 50 60 70.", "4948FdiwH58-00014-00010128-00012192": "75 80 85 90 95 2 5 10 15. 215 dollars 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1357.", "4948FdiwH58-00015-00012276-00012786": "I think that's two that's seven y'all I had some issues with those ones but", "4948FdiwH58-00016-00012978-00013218": "whatever we're gonna get it all stuff tonight", "4948FdiwH58-00017-00013458-00013788": "okay so I am going to start with", "4948FdiwH58-00018-00014022-00014466": "uh my December savings challenge and", "4948FdiwH58-00019-00015180-00015990": "I'm going to add and see how much this gift box is worth this present is worth um let's see okay", "4948FdiwH58-00020-00016680-00016788": "17 dollars", "4948FdiwH58-00021-00017490-00018162": "sixteen dollars okay um so this gift box is um this present I don't know why I keep", "4948FdiwH58-00022-00018162-00018924": "calling the gift box this present is worth 16 so I'm gonna take a 10 a five and a one", "4948FdiwH58-00023-00019314-00019614": "and I'm going to color that and I'll be right back", "4948FdiwH58-00024-00021080-00021180": "[Music]", "4948FdiwH58-00025-00021180-00021744": "so now we're going to move to the boat here and that is", "4948FdiwH58-00026-00022326-00022704": "31 dollars so I'm going to take a 20", "4948FdiwH58-00027-00022890-00023478": "10 and a one and then I'm gonna color this and I'll be right back", "4948FdiwH58-00028-00024426-00024576": "shark shark your world", "4948FdiwH58-00029-00025904-00026004": "[Music]", "4948FdiwH58-00030-00026004-00026394": "so they look blue down there it's teal it's actually teal", "4948FdiwH58-00031-00026508-00026964": "I can't see it okay so we are finished with December", "4948FdiwH58-00032-00027138-00027900": "so let's count and see how much we really have in December I can't wait to get started for January", "4948FdiwH58-00033-00030186-00031206": "all right let's see how much we save for the month of December I have 20 40 60 80 90 100 10 20 30 40", "4948FdiwH58-00034-00031206-00032682": "45 50 55 60 55 70 75 80 85 90. 92 94 96 97 98 99 200 one two three four five six two hundred and", "4948FdiwH58-00035-00032682-00033912": "six dollars and this was originally supposed to go in my month ahead but I am going to put this in", "4948FdiwH58-00036-00034020-00034662": "this envelope and we are going to move into our 530 days", "4948FdiwH58-00037-00034842-00035226": "and see if we can get that finished I'm so excited yum I'm so excited", "4948FdiwH58-00038-00035538-00036150": "started these challenges in July and I have been able to completely", "4948FdiwH58-00039-00036150-00037020": "finish all of them in that same month and yeah so that's gonna stay there", "4948FdiwH58-00040-00037254-00037354": "um", "4948FdiwH58-00041-00037512-00038202": "but I'm thinking it'll go in my month ahead but let's get this 530 days done", "4948FdiwH58-00042-00038484-00038700": "let's see if we can finish this", "4948FdiwH58-00043-00039480-00040206": "I'm gonna be 707 706 dollars once I finish this", "4948FdiwH58-00044-00040476-00040974": "okay why did I take this out I'm tripping", "4948FdiwH58-00045-00041106-00041610": "I don't know why I took that out I guess I'm ready to count that let's put this back in", "4948FdiwH58-00046-00041610-00042264": "there I think I was gonna cash stuff I think I was gonna do the challenge with it y'all", "4948FdiwH58-00047-00042810-00043494": "okay let's hit that to the side there so we are going to start with", "4948FdiwH58-00048-00043674-00044370": "here and I think I got enough I think I do so let's do 15 what I'm going to do like I did in the", "4948FdiwH58-00049-00044370-00045066": "last video just to save a little time I'm going to count everything out and then I'm going to go back", "4948FdiwH58-00050-00045066-00046722": "in color so I'm going to do 15 that's 10 15. and then the next one I have is 32. 20 30. 31 and 32.", "4948FdiwH58-00051-00047250-00047610": "and then I have 25 so I'm gonna do a 20 and a 5.", "4948FdiwH58-00052-00047754-00048462": "hopefully I have enough of the right denominations I hope I just have four one two three four", "4948FdiwH58-00053-00049008-00049434": "I have seven that's five six and seven", "4948FdiwH58-00054-00049674-00049998": "six I have five and six", "4948FdiwH58-00055-00050220-00051000": "um 18 10 15 16 17 and 18.", "4948FdiwH58-00056-00051534-00051834": "um 11. 10 11.", "4948FdiwH58-00057-00052344-00052650": "nine I have five", "4948FdiwH58-00058-00052914-00053279": "six seven eight and nine", "4948FdiwH58-00059-00054264-00055800": "16 I have 10. 15. oh 17. 10. 15 16 and 17. then I have 31 oh I don't have enough denominations", "4948FdiwH58-00060-00056088-00056562": "31. 316 let me see how much this is", "4948FdiwH58-00061-00056688-00057882": "one plus one plus 16 that's 48. and I don't even have 48 dollars I got 45. 46. let me get", "4948FdiwH58-00062-00057882-00058212": "two dollars I don't know I have two dollars somewhere I think I got two dollars in here", "4948FdiwH58-00063-00059567-00059736": "pull out those two", "4948FdiwH58-00064-00060528-00061836": "okay so I have 20 40. 45 46 47 and 48. so yeah it still worked out", "4948FdiwH58-00065-00062070-00062454": "48 so I'm going to color this and then I'll be right back", "4948FdiwH58-00066-00062779-00062879": "[Music]", "4948FdiwH58-00067-00062879-00064036": "thank you [Music]", "4948FdiwH58-00068-00065490-00066486": "all right so that is it we are complete with the 530 days once again all right so I am", "4948FdiwH58-00069-00066486-00067134": "going to get this money situated and then we're going to count to make sure we have 500 dollars", "4948FdiwH58-00070-00069102-00069204": "yeah I finished it", "4948FdiwH58-00071-00069558-00069774": "okay I am so excited", "4948FdiwH58-00072-00071370-00072312": "all right so let's get the count in this I have 20 40 60 81 20 40 60 82 20 40 60 that's 260.", "4948FdiwH58-00073-00072468-00074112": "30 80 93 10 20 30 40 50 60 70. it's 370. 75 80 85 90 95 4. 5 10 15 20. 25 30 35 40.", "4948FdiwH58-00074-00074568-00076194": "42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 51 253 50 45 6 7 8 9 61 2 3 4 5 6 7", "4948FdiwH58-00075-00076434-00077310": "eight nine seventy one two three four five six seven eight nine eighty one two three four", "4948FdiwH58-00076-00077310-00078036": "five six seven eight nine ninety one two three four five six seven eight nine and five hundred", "4948FdiwH58-00077-00078264-00078516": "and that is 500 big ones", "4948FdiwH58-00078-00078720-00078972": "and I think that's about sixty ones", "4948FdiwH58-00079-00079332-00080364": "so for the month of December and savings challenges we saved a total of 707 dollars", "4948FdiwH58-00080-00080364-00081540": "y'all that's good I think that's an awesome way to end of the year to end the month but I am going to", "4948FdiwH58-00081-00081780-00081996": "put this Moolah here", "4948FdiwH58-00082-00082236-00083316": "I'm going to put that back in my 530 days envelope until I get ready to do my month ahead and I think", "4948FdiwH58-00083-00083316-00083976": "I'm just going to take these ones to the bank and just switch those out that way I can have", "4948FdiwH58-00084-00084042-00084612": "um because I think there's like 60 ones and I think I'm just going to switch those out for 20s", "4948FdiwH58-00085-00084864-00085602": "or I can just stuff them in mine feels I don't know but y'all that is it and that is all", "4948FdiwH58-00086-00085680-00085878": "we are going to get this put up", "4948FdiwH58-00087-00086064-00086862": "and then we are going to prepare to unstuff this and also I will be unstuffing my", "4948FdiwH58-00088-00086964-00087558": "um my one dollars that I saved up my one dollar savings challenge I have to unstuff those so", "4948FdiwH58-00089-00087558-00088656": "I might do this the month ahead and count this along with my one dollars um Savage challenge but", "4948FdiwH58-00090-00088956-00089460": "it's a little twice there I'm not even gonna zip it up because I'm just gonna", "4948FdiwH58-00091-00089460-00089940": "take it right back out in the next video I'm gonna slide this in there if it came down", "4948FdiwH58-00092-00090498-00090990": "yeah all right that's a little chunk there", "4948FdiwH58-00093-00091080-00091740": "okay we got that closed and we are going to close this one but you guys know I", "4948FdiwH58-00094-00091740-00092346": "really appreciate you for stopping bye and I just want you to be blessed queenies bye"}}, {"audio_id": "49ZllbxsLCo", "text": {"49ZllbxsLCo-00000-00000042-00000650": "Those who are aspiring for mukti,  this dimension that we’re referring to as Mahakala", "49ZllbxsLCo-00001-00000650-00001780": "becomes of paramount importance. The Mahakala temple, it will shake you from the root of your existence.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00002-00002314-00003897": "Shiva is a god who should not be named,  because to name him is to limit and curtail him.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00003-00003897-00005126": "At the same time, the sum of his many, many names also bring out the indescribable mystery", "49ZllbxsLCo-00004-00005126-00006768": "of who he is or indescribable mysteries of what this creation is. Of his various forms,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00005-00006768-00008226": "Kala or Mahakala is an important, at the same time a fierce form. As Mahakala, he is the Lord of time,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00006-00008226-00009638": "as Kalabhairava, he is the destroyer of time. Kala means time.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00007-00009638-00010476": "Time, as you experience it, is only the cyclical movement of physical existence.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00008-00010476-00011480": "The earth rotates - it's a day. The moon goes around the earth - that’s a month.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00009-00011480-00012178": "The earth goes around the sun - that’s a year. Everything you know as time, including your watch,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00010-00012178-00013002": "is all about cycles. Everything that’s physical is cyclical in nature.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00011-00013002-00013641": "From atomic to cosmic, everything that’s physical is naturally cyclical in nature.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00012-00013641-00014594": "And because of your physical existence, because of your involvement with the physical nature of who you are,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00013-00014594-00015772": "you have a sense of time. As you sit here, because you have a body, it is keeping time.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00014-00015772-00016514": "If you become free from the cyclical movement of life, then we say you are in mukti or absolute liberation.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00015-00016514-00017196": "So, those who are aspiring for mukti, those who are seeking absolute liberation, for them,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00016-00017196-00017800": "this dimension that we’re referring to as Mahakala becomes of paramount importance.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00017-00018406-00019862": "It once happened, the great sage Shukracharya, who was the Guru for all the demons,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00018-00019862-00021458": "did a tremendous span of austerities in worship of Shiva and Shiva had to appear.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00019-00021458-00022542": "When he appeared, Shukracharya asked for immortality. Then Shiva said, ‘That is not possible.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00020-00022542-00023954": "All that is born has to die. Ask for something else.’ Then Shukracharya said, ‘Give me the power of rejuvenation,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00021-00023954-00024728": "that any kind of wound, any kind of disease, I can rejuvenate. Give me that power.’", "49ZllbxsLCo-00022-00024728-00026120": "Shiva being the ultimate healer, the master of all herbs and medicines, gave Shukracharya the Sanjeevini mantra,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00023-00026120-00026986": "the mantra for rejuvenating people from any kind of disease or any kind of wound or injury.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00024-00026986-00027982": "Once Shukracharya had this Sanjeevini mantra, the demons became excessively bold", "49ZllbxsLCo-00025-00027982-00028768": "and they waged battle after battle. All the demons who fall down in the battle", "49ZllbxsLCo-00026-00028768-00029464": "with any kind of grievous wound, Shukracharya just revives them with the Sanjeevini mantra.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00027-00029464-00030400": "So ultimately the army of the demons can go on fighting without losing a single man.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00028-00030400-00031254": "The gods got very alarmed and they felt this is a very unfair battle because how much ever you fight,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00029-00031254-00032542": "they don’t die, but we die. So they went to Brahma.  Brahma intervened with Shiva and said,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00030-00032542-00033292": "‘You have given this Shukracharya this kind of power, you must kill him,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00031-00033292-00033928": "otherwise there will be a complete  imbalance in the world.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00032-00033928-00034446": "The demons have an unfair advantage over the gods.’", "49ZllbxsLCo-00033-00034446-00035370": "Then Shiva said, ‘There is no need to kill him,  I will contain him.’", "49ZllbxsLCo-00034-00035370-00036156": "Then the battle between the devas and the demons was going on, Shukracharya was going", "49ZllbxsLCo-00035-00036156-00036848": "about uttering the mantra and reviving all the demons from their injuries and wounds.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00036-00036848-00038432": "Then across the horizon, a terrible creature, an ogress whose name was Kritika, came in a hideous form.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00037-00038432-00039348": "She was one of the Shiva ganas. She came and sucked Shukracharya into her womb", "49ZllbxsLCo-00038-00039348-00040390": "and there he remained as a fetus and he was contained and the balance was set forth", "49ZllbxsLCo-00039-00040390-00041058": "between gods and demons, a more fair and just battles were fought.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00040-00041058-00042280": "Then Brahma was so amused, and he thought, ‘It is only Mahakala who can do this,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00041-00042280-00042918": "that without killing the person, he can completely contain his life.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00042-00042918-00043962": "Shukracharya remained in the womb of Kritika and the Sanjeevini mantra became impotent.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00043-00043962-00045170": "Or in other words, Mahakala froze time for Shukracharya that he cannot move on.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00044-00045170-00046482": "When we talk about transcendence, when we talk about spirituality, yoga,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00045-00046482-00047078": "we are seeing how to go beyond the limitations of time and space.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00046-00047078-00047822": "Because time and space belongs to the physical plane of the existence.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00047-00047822-00048872": "Once you aspire to be spiritual, what it means is, you’re aspiring to be something more than the physical.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00048-00048872-00049198": "Once you are something more than the physical,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00049-00049198-00049890": "that means you’re aspiring to be beyond the limitations of time and space.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00050-00050630-00051314": "The Mahakala temple, the linga that is consecrated there, is of phenomenal nature.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00051-00051314-00052082": "It will shake you from the root of your existence. It is really an incredible consecration.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00052-00052082-00052620": "It is just done for this purpose that in some way, it dissolves you.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00053-00052620-00053270": "One must be ready to go into this temple properly because it’s of a tremendous power and", "49ZllbxsLCo-00054-00053270-00053738": "it is not for the fainthearted. It shakes you from inside.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00055-00053738-00054691": "Every day, the offering that needs to happen to Mahakala is fresh ashes from the cremation grounds", "49ZllbxsLCo-00056-00054691-00055350": "because that’s what he likes and that is what keeps it going the way it’s going.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00057-00055350-00055900": "Unfortunately, I heard that… We’ve been getting so bloody civilized,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00058-00055900-00057000": "now it seems because some activists protested, they are not using the ashes from the cremation ground.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00059-00057000-00057733": "They’re just using cow dung or bullshit, unfortunately. this is not just a cultural thing.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00060-00057733-00058562": "There is a science to it. If we bring ashes from the cremation ground and some other ash,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00061-00058562-00059122": "I can show you what is the difference between the two.  Experientially, it’s a phenomenal difference.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00062-00059122-00059958": "And it’s very, very important that this process is continued because that is the nature of Mahakala,", "49ZllbxsLCo-00063-00059958-00060772": "the very presence of what this Mahakala roopa is, is when you go there, everything is gone.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00064-00060772-00061317": "Everything is burnt into ashes. That means you become free from the physical.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00065-00061317-00062314": "It propels you towards your ultimate liberation. You want to do that gently, we have everything here.", "49ZllbxsLCo-00066-00062314-00063090": "You want to do it in a boom way, you really want to be pushed hard", "49ZllbxsLCo-00067-00063090-00063966": "and you are not faint-hearted, then Mahakala temple is a phenomenal process"}}, {"audio_id": "49cVl22lO3y", "text": {"49cVl22lO3y-00000-00000586-00001184": "hello everyone today I remembered that I ate a  super nice cake in Brazil when I was", "49cVl22lO3y-00001-00001184-00002160": "there for three months and luckily I have  Osvaldo here. Brazilian guy so today he will show me how to make the", "49cVl22lO3y-00002-00002160-00002730": "easiest and most delicious banana cake yes so that's really simple banana cake", "49cVl22lO3y-00003-00002730-00003342": "like all the child's at home make it it's really easy and we're gonna use", "49cVl22lO3y-00004-00003342-00003776": "something to make it even nicer.", "49cVl22lO3y-00005-00003776-00003979": "so what are the ingredients?", "49cVl22lO3y-00006-00003979-00004128": "the really easy cake", "49cVl22lO3y-00007-00004128-00004778": "in the beginning you must just put the eggs the banana and the sugar and then", "49cVl22lO3y-00008-00004778-00005284": "you mix all together for a little bit and then after that we put some flour", "49cVl22lO3y-00009-00005284-00006062": "some almonds and then in the end just put the milk let it mix for some times to get", "49cVl22lO3y-00010-00006062-00006530": "like uniform and nice and then you put baking powder in the end and then goes to the", "49cVl22lO3y-00011-00006530-00007064": "oven for around half an hour by 200 degrees.", "49cVl22lO3y-00012-00007064-00007314": "These are quite brown but it's ok?", "49cVl22lO3y-00013-00007314-00007722": "Thats the best ones! Must be a little brown.  so that's really good that we got", "49cVl22lO3y-00014-00007722-00008196": "really cheap also in the market because not nice looking but inside still", "49cVl22lO3y-00015-00008196-00008662": "really nice so yeah I guess that's even better because it's much more soft so it's", "49cVl22lO3y-00016-00008662-00009076": "gonna be easy to smash and super sweet", "49cVl22lO3y-00017-00009076-00009482": "Alright, let's start it!", "49cVl22lO3y-00018-00009482-00010084": "Now we smash the bananas  and it's also good", "49cVl22lO3y-00019-00010084-00010444": "if the bananas are really ripe, it's easy to smash", "49cVl22lO3y-00020-00010444-00011078": "is sweet and give a really nice taste in the cake", "49cVl22lO3y-00021-00011210-00011594": "yeah so now we're going to break three eggs inside", "49cVl22lO3y-00022-00011594-00012004": "we mix them to get it fluffy", "49cVl22lO3y-00023-00012532-00012890": "Now we put some bananas", "49cVl22lO3y-00024-00012908-00013218": "We mix all the ingredients together?", "49cVl22lO3y-00025-00013240-00013663": "First, we mix all the liquid ones", "49cVl22lO3y-00026-00013663-00014086": "after that, we put all the solid ingredients", "49cVl22lO3y-00027-00014250-00014652": "so you can use oil or butter it really doesn't matter", "49cVl22lO3y-00028-00014669-00015313": "but here we have only olive oil, so it tastes quite strong for cake", "49cVl22lO3y-00029-00015313-00015568": "we take vegetable butter", "49cVl22lO3y-00030-00016850-00017224": "one and a half cups sugar we're gonna put on a half cup", "49cVl22lO3y-00031-00017224-00017636": "to make our life sweet", "49cVl22lO3y-00032-00017636-00017908": "treat the soul", "49cVl22lO3y-00034-00018914-00019548": "Now we put the farine, so first to put one cup and then you mix and then after then you put the rest", "49cVl22lO3y-00035-00019890-00020284": "one by one", "49cVl22lO3y-00036-00020806-00021254": "It's very important that you to start to mix slowly the flour", "49cVl22lO3y-00037-00021264-00021752": "to get well mixed", "49cVl22lO3y-00038-00022662-00023252": "so here's already one cup of flour I have to put in total two and a half so", "49cVl22lO3y-00039-00023252-00023386": "so I out one more s", "49cVl22lO3y-00040-00023398-00023982": "and then go back to mix and after that I put half more", "49cVl22lO3y-00041-00023982-00024434": "almonds, milk and then goes to the ofen", "49cVl22lO3y-00042-00024556-00024858": "we can already heat the ofen or?", "49cVl22lO3y-00043-00024858-00025222": "oh yes so very important you have to form with", "49cVl22lO3y-00044-00025222-00025927": "oil and butter first and you put some flour to make the cake always to make", "49cVl22lO3y-00045-00025927-00026408": "to make it easy to get it out yes and also the cake cannot stick on the", "49cVl22lO3y-00046-00026408-00026864": "form so yeah and now we just finished with the cup of milk", "49cVl22lO3y-00047-00026864-00027027": "the baking powder", "49cVl22lO3y-00048-00027027-00027404": "we already preheating the oven by 200 degrees", "49cVl22lO3y-00049-00027404-00027754": "after this we just put it in the form", "49cVl22lO3y-00050-00027789-00028283": "I think now we can also put the (not yeast) baking powder in it", "49cVl22lO3y-00051-00029000-00029260": "I put it in while it's mixing", "49cVl22lO3y-00052-00030518-00030889": "hmm it's already really tasty", "49cVl22lO3y-00053-00031132-00031726": "Now it goes in the form. Must be like this.Very creamy!", "49cVl22lO3y-00054-00031880-00032420": "the only hard things are the almonds inside", "49cVl22lO3y-00055-00032526-00032880": "than we put the cake in the oven", "49cVl22lO3y-00056-00032880-00033436": "for 30- 45 minutes depends on how is your oven and then later on we gonna", "49cVl22lO3y-00057-00033456-00034360": "check together and then you see a really nice trick to check if the cake is ready or not", "49cVl22lO3y-00058-00035922-00036136": "Now we just put the cake there", "49cVl22lO3y-00059-00036144-00036578": "it's looking really nice so it's gonna grow more or less to up here", "49cVl22lO3y-00060-00036578-00036708": "It's gonna be so nice and fluffy", "49cVl22lO3y-00061-00036724-00037184": "we will check it in 30 minutes", "49cVl22lO3y-00062-00037184-00037550": "yeah it's gonna be tasty", "49cVl22lO3y-00063-00037828-00038068": "what's going on here?", "49cVl22lO3y-00064-00038084-00038604": "the sun is shining as everyday", "49cVl22lO3y-00065-00038986-00039266": "ok show me your special check trick", "49cVl22lO3y-00066-00039462-00039732": "Now we gonna just stick the fork into the cake", "49cVl22lO3y-00067-00039804-00040504": "if it comes out totally clean, the cake is ready!", "49cVl22lO3y-00068-00040504-00040724": "if not, it's not ready yet", "49cVl22lO3y-00069-00040878-00041274": "let's see.. we must wait a little bit", "49cVl22lO3y-00070-00042444-00042644": "should be ready or?", "49cVl22lO3y-00071-00042738-00043024": "It looks and smells amazing", "49cVl22lO3y-00072-00043196-00043644": "Now we just wait until it gets a little bit cold", "49cVl22lO3y-00073-00043732-00043932": "and then we try", "49cVl22lO3y-00074-00044636-00044836": "Lebi are you hungry already?", "49cVl22lO3y-00075-00044864-00044968": "NO !", "49cVl22lO3y-00076-00045260-00045460": "Ah its perfect!", "49cVl22lO3y-00077-00045558-00045758": "Take a big one Loni", "49cVl22lO3y-00078-00045758-00045912": "Thank you!", "49cVl22lO3y-00079-00045930-00046130": "with bananas and almonds?", "49cVl22lO3y-00080-00047004-00047404": "Thank you Ozziewe will leave just a little bit for Linus", "49cVl22lO3y-00081-00047634-00047872": "the rest is for Linus", "49cVl22lO3y-00082-00047882-00048124": "when he comes later from the beach", "49cVl22lO3y-00083-00048124-00048426": "So that was our Brazilian recipe of the banana cake", "49cVl22lO3y-00084-00048482-00048682": "Enjoy it!", "49cVl22lO3y-00085-00048810-00049010": "thanks so showing us Ozzie", "49cVl22lO3y-00086-00049204-00049404": "Lets try it", "49cVl22lO3y-00087-00049714-00049914": "Very good Ozzie", "49cVl22lO3y-00088-00050176-00050376": "I'm giving you my diploma", "49cVl22lO3y-00089-00050928-00051264": "I swear I give you my diploma", "49cVl22lO3y-00090-00051288-00051640": "when I go home to Zarzis", "49cVl22lO3y-00091-00051640-00051840": "we just change the names", "49cVl22lO3y-00092-00051928-00052936": "so now Ozzie you can can work as a professional kite and professional cake baker", "49cVl22lO3y-00093-00052936-00053144": "congratulations", "49cVl22lO3y-00094-00053144-00053376": "maybe a new job in the off season..", "49cVl22lO3y-00095-00053376-00054048": "you got a official license from Gadour", "49cVl22lO3y-00096-00054048-00054304": "The cake is still hot, I wait a little bit", "49cVl22lO3y-00097-00054304-00054712": "I think if it's cold its sweeter", "49cVl22lO3y-00098-00054760-00055304": "I like the cake when it's warm", "49cVl22lO3y-00099-00055384-00055816": "but it hurts. I burned my mouth", "49cVl22lO3y-00100-00055816-00056264": "eat the edges first", "49cVl22lO3y-00101-00056328-00056688": "delicious!", "49cVl22lO3y-00102-00056936-00057136": "Hey Linus", "49cVl22lO3y-00103-00057136-00057536": "you missed warm fresh cake", "49cVl22lO3y-00104-00057536-00058024": "But now we have cameras in the kite center", "49cVl22lO3y-00105-00058664-00058952": "Did you connect the cameras with your mobile phone?", "49cVl22lO3y-00106-00059288-00059840": "You can eat the rest of my cake", "49cVl22lO3y-00107-00060120-00060512": "Gadour don't want to be completely full", "49cVl22lO3y-00108-00060648-00061064": "because later we are invited for dinner", "49cVl22lO3y-00109-00061064-00061648": "If we go there and are not hungry, he will be sad", "49cVl22lO3y-00110-00062048-00062248": "we put the almond inside", "49cVl22lO3y-00111-00062920-00063120": "How is the cake?", "49cVl22lO3y-00112-00063288-00063688": "Very nice!", "49cVl22lO3y-00113-00064200-00064455": "Gadour Friday Ramadan?", "49cVl22lO3y-00114-00064728-00064928": "Are you looking forward?", "49cVl22lO3y-00115-00064928-00065128": "Very much", "49cVl22lO3y-00116-00065128-00065528": "But with family is better", "49cVl22lO3y-00117-00065528-00065728": "Now we are your family", "49cVl22lO3y-00118-00065728-00066072": "I know, second family", "49cVl22lO3y-00119-00066072-00066400": "But in Zarzis/home Ramadan is different", "49cVl22lO3y-00120-00066464-00067112": "Last year I also did Ramadan on Djerba. Was good!", "49cVl22lO3y-00121-00067112-00067840": "After having dinner, I pray and then I meet friends in a coffee", "49cVl22lO3y-00122-00067840-00068192": "then we played Romy until 2 am", "49cVl22lO3y-00123-00068600-00069448": "This Ramadan is also good, but lots of things are not like the other years", "49cVl22lO3y-00124-00069448-00069680": "We can play here Romy", "49cVl22lO3y-00125-00069680-00070104": "I don't know if we have it here but maybe we can buy it", "49cVl22lO3y-00126-00070264-00070568": "Shisha ?", "49cVl22lO3y-00127-00070568-00070896": "Shisha is not haram?", "49cVl22lO3y-00128-00070896-00071232": "No it 's not haram", "49cVl22lO3y-00129-00071600-00071976": "You can't say it's haram but you don' know", "49cVl22lO3y-00130-00071976-00072384": "I know everything which is bad for the body is haram", "49cVl22lO3y-00131-00072384-00072744": "and everything which is not good for other people", "49cVl22lO3y-00132-00072792-00073216": "smoking isn't good for your body and health", "49cVl22lO3y-00133-00073216-00073400": "for others, it's even worse. For example for children or woman", "49cVl22lO3y-00134-00073432-00073736": "so it's definitely Haram", "49cVl22lO3y-00135-00073864-00074488": "Only the addicted people say it's ok", "49cVl22lO3y-00136-00074512-00074768": "Can you give me the translator?", "49cVl22lO3y-00137-00074776-00075552": "I guess its a small group who say smoking isn't haram", "49cVl22lO3y-00138-00075552-00075960": "You have Haram and something next to it or?", "49cVl22lO3y-00139-00076384-00077040": "There is Haram and Makru", "49cVl22lO3y-00140-00077040-00077240": "Whats Makru?", "49cVl22lO3y-00141-00077240-00077440": "Not nice but it's not forbidden", "49cVl22lO3y-00142-00078096-00078296": "just half accepted"}}, {"audio_id": "4qh-Cwr3lEU", "text": {"4qh-Cwr3lEU-00000-00000000-00000400": "What is your gift?  What are *you* doing to share your", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00001-00000400-00000800": "gift with the world?  Hi, my name is John Ruman.  If we haven't met", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00002-00000800-00001200": "before, I show people, just like you, how to cultivate,", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00003-00001200-00001600": "define, and share their gifts with the world.  You", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00004-00001600-00002000": "have a gift!  You are literally", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00005-00002000-00002400": "world-class at at *least* one thing.  And you were brought", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00006-00002400-00002800": "here to live your life to share this with the world.  The world needs", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00007-00002800-00003200": "you.  And trust me, when you figure this out, when you're living a life", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00008-00003200-00003600": "that is in harmony with whom you're meant to be,", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00009-00003600-00004000": "you'll feel and you'll feel vibrant.  So schedule *your* one-hour", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00010-00004000-00004400": "consultation, with me, *today*.  And we'll get you going on your", "4qh-Cwr3lEU-00011-00004400-00004706": "path to living a life that you deserve to live."}}, {"audio_id": "4qF45uILc5M", "text": {"4qF45uILc5M-00000-00000000-00000200": "How to get job?"}}, {"audio_id": "4qFWH26FN18", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "4r4tTXxpgTk", "text": {"4r4tTXxpgTk-00000-00000044-00000436": "If you ever wondered about Japanese bathrooms you are in the right place.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00001-00000436-00000674": "This is Inside Japan.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00002-00000674-00001192": "If you are watching this video, that means you are curious about Japanese bathrooms.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00003-00001192-00001693": "First off, I would like to say that this is not a video about Japanese toilets (トイレ)", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00004-00001693-00001897": "or Japanese hot springs (温泉).", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00005-00001897-00002243": "Those deserve their own videos.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00006-00002243-00002608": "Traditional Japanese bathrooms in the home do not have toilets", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00007-00002608-00002852": "and will not be included in this video.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00008-00002852-00003452": "Japanese style bathrooms are sealed in such a way that water can go everywhere.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00009-00003452-00003832": "That is because there are two drains in the bathroom.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00010-00003832-00004207": "There is one in the tub and in the floor in the shower area.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00011-00004207-00004696": "Usually, in western countries, the shower and tub are combined into one unit", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00012-00004696-00005007": "and the only drain is in this unit.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00013-00005007-00005519": "This means that the tub cannot be filled too much or it would make a mess.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00014-00005519-00006026": "Japanese tubs are deeper than western tubs and they are supposed to be used for relaxing,", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00015-00006026-00006207": "not washing.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00016-00006207-00006740": "This means that the person using the tub has to be completely clean before entering the tub", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00017-00006740-00007008": "so the water can be reused.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00018-00007009-00007309": "The water doesn’t have to be reused by people.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00019-00007309-00007631": "The hot water can be used for laundry as well.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00020-00007631-00008022": "There is usually an electronic panel above the tub.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00021-00008022-00008531": "This can be used to auto-fill, reheat, or change the temperature of the tub.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00022-00008531-00008834": "Many times there is an additional panel in the kitchen", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00023-00008834-00009290": "so the person does not have to get their feet wet to set up the tub.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00024-00009290-00009466": "When talking about the shower area,", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00025-00009466-00009842": "there are usually two areas to place the detachable showerheads.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00026-00009842-00010090": "The top is for standing while showering.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00027-00010090-00010603": "The bottom is usually for washing the lower body, younger children, or pets.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00028-00010603-00011127": "People usually have a bath stool to sit on while washing themselves.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00029-00011127-00011599": "This provides more comfort while washing and also makes use of the detachable showerheads", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00030-00011599-00012100": "so specific areas, like feet, can be rinsed directly.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00031-00012100-00012614": "The faucet is mainly used for filling things such as buckets.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00032-00012614-00013212": "Japanese style bathrooms are usually found in houses and Japanese style hotels (旅館).", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00033-00013212-00013590": "Regular hotels usually have western style bathrooms.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00034-00013590-00013938": "As far as apartments and dorms go, it varies.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00035-00013938-00014422": "If you have any questions about Japan or about anything in this video feel free to ask", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00036-00014422-00014994": "in the comment section or contact us on Twitter @InsideJapanInfo.", "4r4tTXxpgTk-00037-00014994-00015278": "This was Inside Japan and thank you for watching."}}, {"audio_id": "4r7TREatNUU", "text": {"4r7TREatNUU-00000-00000517-00000713": "Welcome to Spotlight.", "4r7TREatNUU-00001-00000713-00001029": "I’m Ryan Geertsma.", "4r7TREatNUU-00002-00001029-00001326": "And I’m Robin Basselin.", "4r7TREatNUU-00003-00001326-00001929": "Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting.", "4r7TREatNUU-00004-00001929-00002748": "It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.", "4r7TREatNUU-00005-00003450-00004056": "Imagine you are in the city of Frankfurt, Germany.", "4r7TREatNUU-00006-00004056-00004428": "You are walking along a street.", "4r7TREatNUU-00007-00004428-00005148": "As you walk past a house, you notice something shiny on the ground.", "4r7TREatNUU-00008-00005148-00005359": "You look down.", "4r7TREatNUU-00009-00005359-00005926": "You see a metal covered stone in the walking path.", "4r7TREatNUU-00010-00005926-00006332": "On the stone there are words.", "4r7TREatNUU-00011-00006332-00006530": "It says:", "4r7TREatNUU-00012-00006530-00007273": "Here lived Alfred Grünebaum Born 1899", "4r7TREatNUU-00013-00007273-00008588": "Forced to move to Kowno/Kaunas 1941 Murdered November 25, 1941", "4r7TREatNUU-00014-00008588-00009275": "What would you think if you saw a stone like this?", "4r7TREatNUU-00015-00009275-00009593": "Would the words shock you?", "4r7TREatNUU-00016-00009593-00010043": "Would they make you stop and think?", "4r7TREatNUU-00017-00010043-00010538": "This stone is called a Stolperstiene.", "4r7TREatNUU-00018-00010538-00011039": "In German this means stumbling stone.", "4r7TREatNUU-00019-00011039-00011892": "German artist Gunter Demnig created this and many other stumbling stone memorials.", "4r7TREatNUU-00020-00011892-00012688": "Each stumbling stone represents one victim killed during the Holocaust of World War Two.", "4r7TREatNUU-00021-00012688-00013744": "Today’s Spotlight is on Gunter Demnig and his stumbling stones.", "4r7TREatNUU-00022-00013744-00014479": "During World War Two, the Nazi political party ruled Germany.", "4r7TREatNUU-00023-00014479-00015053": "The Nazis fought to expand their rule in Europe.", "4r7TREatNUU-00024-00015053-00015984": "During this time, they also tried to rid Germany and surrounding countries of particular groups", "4r7TREatNUU-00025-00015984-00016656": "of people – like Jewish and Romani people.", "4r7TREatNUU-00026-00016656-00017161": "They forced millions of people from their homes.", "4r7TREatNUU-00027-00017161-00018062": "They also killed millions more in planned executions, and in prison camps.", "4r7TREatNUU-00028-00018062-00018667": "This horrible event is called the Holocaust.", "4r7TREatNUU-00029-00018667-00019556": "During the Holocaust, the Nazis killed between 11 and 17 million people total.", "4r7TREatNUU-00030-00019556-00019987": "They killed nearly 6 million Jews.", "4r7TREatNUU-00031-00019987-00020930": "They also killed many other groups that they considered non German - like the Romani people.", "4r7TREatNUU-00032-00020930-00021638": "The Nazis killed anyone who lacked physical or mental abilities.", "4r7TREatNUU-00033-00021638-00022432": "And they even killed Germans who did not agree with their beliefs.", "4r7TREatNUU-00034-00022432-00023114": "The Holocaust was a terrible event in German history.", "4r7TREatNUU-00035-00023114-00024021": "Some people may want to forget the Holocaust, but Gunter Demnig believes it is important", "4r7TREatNUU-00036-00024021-00024590": "to remember and honor the many victims.", "4r7TREatNUU-00037-00024590-00025304": "And he wants people to remember the victims individually - by their name.", "4r7TREatNUU-00038-00025304-00026225": "So, in 1996, he began the stumbling stone art project.", "4r7TREatNUU-00039-00026225-00027039": "Demnig began his project by researching individual victims of the Holocaust.", "4r7TREatNUU-00040-00027039-00027967": "He learned where each victim last lived - before the Nazis forced them to move.", "4r7TREatNUU-00041-00027967-00028638": "He researched what happened to each person when the Nazis came.", "4r7TREatNUU-00042-00028638-00029264": "He also found where and how each person died.", "4r7TREatNUU-00043-00029264-00029957": "Next, Demnig began making his stumbling stones.", "4r7TREatNUU-00044-00029957-00030939": "He used special tools to press the victim’s information onto a thin piece of metal.", "4r7TREatNUU-00045-00030939-00031495": "He bent the metal over a square stone.", "4r7TREatNUU-00046-00031495-00032411": "And he placed these stones in walking paths outside a victim’s last home or place of", "4r7TREatNUU-00047-00032411-00032560": "work.", "4r7TREatNUU-00048-00032560-00033210": "“Stumbling stone” is a common expression.", "4r7TREatNUU-00049-00033210-00033686": "It describes a rock found on a path.", "4r7TREatNUU-00050-00033686-00034694": "Often, a person does not see a stumbling stone until their foot hits it.", "4r7TREatNUU-00051-00034694-00035655": "And when their foot hits a stumbling stone, it causes them to lose their balance.", "4r7TREatNUU-00052-00035655-00036722": "In the same way, Demnig wants his stumbling stones to make people lose their mental balance.", "4r7TREatNUU-00053-00036722-00037297": "He wants people to briefly stop in their path.", "4r7TREatNUU-00054-00037297-00038030": "He wants them to think about the individual the stone represents.", "4r7TREatNUU-00055-00038030-00038421": "He told travel writer, Barbara Kingstone,", "4r7TREatNUU-00056-00038421-00039287": "“I wanted to bring back the names of the Jews who lived and loved.", "4r7TREatNUU-00057-00039287-00039787": "They had children and a normal life.", "4r7TREatNUU-00058-00039787-00040311": "They lived in these houses.”", "4r7TREatNUU-00059-00040311-00041226": "There are many museums and memorials around the world that honor and remember victims", "4r7TREatNUU-00060-00041226-00041506": "of the Holocaust.", "4r7TREatNUU-00061-00041506-00042188": "But Demnig thinks his stumbling stones will reach people better.", "4r7TREatNUU-00062-00042188-00042525": "He told National Public Radio,", "4r7TREatNUU-00063-00042525-00043619": "\"I think the large Holocaust memorial here, in Berlin, will always remain removed from", "4r7TREatNUU-00064-00043619-00043874": "people’s daily thoughts.", "4r7TREatNUU-00065-00043874-00044347": "You have to decide to visit it.", "4r7TREatNUU-00066-00044347-00044787": "But not with the stumbling stones.", "4r7TREatNUU-00067-00044787-00045995": "Suddenly they are there, right outside your front door, at your feet, in front of you.\"", "4r7TREatNUU-00068-00045995-00046590": "Demnig placed the first stumbling stones in the city of Berlin.", "4r7TREatNUU-00069-00046590-00047621": "Since then, he has placed them in more than 610 places in Germany.", "4r7TREatNUU-00070-00047621-00048609": "He has also sent stumbling stones to many other countries - like Austria, Hungary, the", "4r7TREatNUU-00071-00048609-00049494": "Netherlands, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Norway and Ukraine.", "4r7TREatNUU-00072-00049494-00049989": "People are noticing Demnig’s stumbling stones.", "4r7TREatNUU-00073-00049989-00050728": "Many communities send Demnig special requests for stumbling stones.", "4r7TREatNUU-00074-00050728-00051544": "People from the community work together to raise money to pay for the memorial stones.", "4r7TREatNUU-00075-00051544-00052275": "The stones will honor Holocaust victims from their communities.", "4r7TREatNUU-00076-00052275-00053064": "Helmut Loelhoeffel helped organize a project to get stumbling stones in Charlottenburg,", "4r7TREatNUU-00077-00053064-00053227": "Germany.", "4r7TREatNUU-00078-00053227-00053714": "He believes Demnig’s work is effective.", "4r7TREatNUU-00079-00053714-00054164": "Loelhoeffel told National Public Radio,", "4r7TREatNUU-00080-00054164-00054791": "\"Six million Jews were killed, murdered.", "4r7TREatNUU-00081-00054791-00055755": "The stumbling stones make clear that it was one person and one person and one person and", "4r7TREatNUU-00082-00055755-00055975": "one person.", "4r7TREatNUU-00083-00055975-00056685": "It makes clear that they were all individuals.\"", "4r7TREatNUU-00084-00056685-00057612": "For family members of the victims, seeing a stumbling stone can cause many emotions.", "4r7TREatNUU-00085-00057612-00058347": "When Demnig places the stumbling stones, there is often a ceremony.", "4r7TREatNUU-00086-00058347-00058869": "He often invites families to be involved.", "4r7TREatNUU-00087-00058869-00059595": "Walker Simon attended a stumbling stone ceremony for his father.", "4r7TREatNUU-00088-00059595-00060041": "He even placed the stone in the ground.", "4r7TREatNUU-00089-00060041-00060700": "He wrote about his experience for the Reuters news organization.", "4r7TREatNUU-00090-00060700-00061830": "“I placed the stumbling stone for my father into a space in the walking path.", "4r7TREatNUU-00091-00061830-00062119": "My heart shook.", "4r7TREatNUU-00092-00062119-00062442": "Then suddenly it warmed.", "4r7TREatNUU-00093-00062442-00062832": "Then, I was troubled.", "4r7TREatNUU-00094-00062832-00064168": "My mind seemed to speed back to another time, possibly 1937, when my father left Germany.”", "4r7TREatNUU-00095-00064168-00065070": "People’s reactions to Demnig’s stumbling stones are mixed.", "4r7TREatNUU-00096-00065070-00065352": "Some people love them.", "4r7TREatNUU-00097-00065352-00066048": "Other people are concerned that as people walk over the memorial, the memory of the", "4r7TREatNUU-00098-00066048-00066447": "victim is violated.", "4r7TREatNUU-00099-00066447-00067024": "Martin Diehl is a Christian leader in Germany.", "4r7TREatNUU-00100-00067024-00067876": "He attended the same ceremony as Walker Simon in the town of Egelsbach.", "4r7TREatNUU-00101-00067876-00068744": "He talked with Simon about why the stumbling stones may make older Germans uncomfortable.", "4r7TREatNUU-00102-00068744-00069724": "\"The stumbling stones are difficult for the older generations of this town.", "4r7TREatNUU-00103-00069724-00070445": "They may have had advantages in life because of the Holocaust.", "4r7TREatNUU-00104-00070445-00071374": "For example, they may have purchased their homes for very little money after Nazis forced", "4r7TREatNUU-00105-00071374-00071554": "people out.", "4r7TREatNUU-00106-00071554-00072236": "So they may feel guilty - like they were part of the crimes.\"", "4r7TREatNUU-00107-00072236-00073138": "However, most people are very positive about the stumbling stones.", "4r7TREatNUU-00108-00073138-00073592": "They understand and support Denmig’s goal.", "4r7TREatNUU-00109-00073592-00074175": "Isabel Guettler is a stumbling stone supporter.", "4r7TREatNUU-00110-00074175-00074554": "She is a teacher in Germany.", "4r7TREatNUU-00111-00074554-00074998": "She told the CNN news organization,", "4r7TREatNUU-00112-00074998-00076380": "\"When you read long lists of dead people's names on a piece of paper, it can feel meaningless.", "4r7TREatNUU-00113-00076380-00077277": "But when you see these interesting stones outside the houses where the victims really", "4r7TREatNUU-00114-00077277-00077720": "lived, it is different.", "4r7TREatNUU-00115-00077720-00078382": "Suddenly you have this very human, emotional connection.", "4r7TREatNUU-00116-00078382-00078663": "I work as a teacher.", "4r7TREatNUU-00117-00078663-00079844": "So for me, these objects play a huge part in educating new generations.\"", "4r7TREatNUU-00118-00079844-00080323": "The writer of this program was Courtney Schutt.", "4r7TREatNUU-00119-00080323-00080688": "The producer was Ryan Geertsma.", "4r7TREatNUU-00120-00080688-00081393": "The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom.", "4r7TREatNUU-00121-00081393-00081907": "All quotes were adapted and voiced by Spotlight.", "4r7TREatNUU-00122-00081907-00082949": "You can find our programs on the internet at www.radioenglish.net.", "4r7TREatNUU-00123-00082949-00083549": "This program is called ���Stones for Remembering.”", "4r7TREatNUU-00124-00083549-00084201": "We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program.", "4r7TREatNUU-00125-00084201-00084272": "Goodbye."}}, {"audio_id": "4r8TMvxi0Po", "text": {"4r8TMvxi0Po-00000-00000000-00000200": "Hello Friends welcome to my YouTube channel Technical Zubair shah", "4r8TMvxi0Po-00001-00000223-00000273": "YouTube Shorts Monetisation Big Update 2023 in Pakistan", "4r8TMvxi0Po-00002-00000300-00000461": "Please like share and subscribe my YouTube channel Technical Zubair shah"}}, {"audio_id": "4rNzimJBgwQ", "text": {"4rNzimJBgwQ-00000-00001667-00001975": "Just again ask members entering the chamber  if they could take their seats.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00001-00002195-00002363": "Questions without notice.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00002-00002363-00002563": "The member for Sydney.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00003-00002786-00002897": "Thank you, Mr Speaker—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00004-00002897-00003200": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, words Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00005-00003200-00003417": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00006-00003417-00003553": "First of all, jobs!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00007-00003553-00003646": "Jobs! Jobs! Jobs!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00008-00003646-00004102": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00009-00004102-00004548": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00010-00004548-00005048": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00011-00005048-00005144": "Speaker, 'ster Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00012-00005144-00005305": "CAME DOWN, MR SPEAKER!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00013-00005305-00005684": "And Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00014-00005684-00005985": "And the member for Rankin said, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00015-00005985-00006313": "Mr Speaker, this is what the member for Rankin said.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00016-00006313-00006513": "Wait for it! Wait for it!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00017-00006513-00006634": "This is what the member for Rankin said!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00018-00006634-00006848": "Treasurer will resume his seat!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00019-00006848-00007041": "The member for Rankin on a point of order.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00020-00007041-00007379": "Mr Speaker, rekaepS rM, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00021-00007379-00007646": "Diabolical Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00022-00007646-00007891": "Mr Speaker, jobs, jobs, jobs, jobs.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00023-00007891-00008170": "Mr Speaker, jobs! Jobs!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00024-00008170-00008400": "Resources! Resources!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00025-00008400-00008616": "Agriculture! Agriculture!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00026-00008616-00008733": "They are very left—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00027-00008733-00009035": "The Deputy Prime Minister will not verbal me.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00028-00009186-00009528": "I will not, Mr Speaker, I would never think  of doing such a thing.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00029-00009528-00010057": "Let's hear from the Upper Hunter Shire mayor, Maurie Collison,  who said, \"What are the alternatives?\"", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00030-00010057-00010526": "No, I'll just say to the Deputy Prime Minister, you might expected  to be asked that but you actually weren't.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00031-00010526-00010800": "[LAUGHTER]", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00032-00010800-00011059": "Well, Mr Speaker, you lot—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00033-00011111-00011199": "tol uoy!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00034-00011263-00011475": "YOU LOT NEED TO WAKE UP TO YOUR YOURSELVES!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00035-00011475-00011552": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00036-00011552-00012010": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00037-00012010-00012060": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00038-00012060-00012447": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00039-00012447-00012683": "but Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00040-00012683-00012771": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00041-00012771-00013170": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, politics Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00042-00013170-00013600": "This is what the member for Rankin said using his crystal ball: Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00043-00013600-00013852": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00044-00013852-00013904": "Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00045-00013904-00014302": "Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00046-00014302-00014475": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00047-00014475-00014552": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00048-00014552-00014984": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00049-00014984-00015184": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00050-00015184-00015469": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00051-00015469-00015560": "Thank you, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00052-00015560-00015944": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00053-00015944-00016345": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00054-00016345-00016805": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00055-00016805-00017187": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00056-00017187-00017442": "Mr Speaker, Mr Pe—Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00057-00017442-00017543": "Thank you, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00058-00017543-00017631": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00059-00017631-00017992": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00060-00017992-00018430": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00061-00018430-00018754": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker now,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00062-00018754-00019095": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00063-00019095-00019476": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00064-00019476-00019545": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00065-00019545-00019936": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker speaks for itself, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00066-00019936-00020354": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00067-00020354-00020751": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00068-00020751-00021185": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00069-00021185-00021621": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00070-00021621-00021830": "The member for Grey.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00071-00021830-00021930": "Yay.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00072-00021930-00022624": "Mr Speaker, question, Minister, technology, industry, technology, science,  science, industry, technology, science, industry,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00073-00022624-00023093": "Most importantly, Mr Speaker, industry, science, science, science, technology.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00074-00023093-00023427": "Well, I wouldn't agree that's the most important thing  but I'll hear from the Minister.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00075-00023427-00023630": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speak, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00076-00023630-00024105": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00077-00024105-00024542": "Now, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00078-00024542-00024600": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00079-00024600-00024680": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00080-00024680-00025138": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00081-00025138-00025457": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, now Mr Speaker—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00082-00025457-00025593": "Mr Speaker, I've concluded my answer.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00083-00025715-00025883": "The member for Mallee.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00084-00025883-00025967": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00085-00025967-00026306": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00086-00026306-00026487": "Speaker, Mr Speaker, Speaker, my—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00087-00026487-00026897": "The Minister for Resources, Water and Northern Australia.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00088-00027391-00027812": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00089-00027812-00028161": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00090-00028161-00028440": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, but Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00091-00028440-00028817": "but Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, well Mr Speaker, but Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00092-00028818-00029115": "And I say to the member for Hunter: there are some options here for you.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00093-00029115-00029723": "If you can get across to the member for McMahon's, you can get your head in the wardrobe, wade through the suits, get to the skinny pile, get to the stack.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00094-00029723-00030074": "It doesn't matter what colour it is, Mr Speaker—red, green, blue or yellow.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00095-00030074-00030224": "I hear the Wiggles are recruiting—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00096-00030224-00030406": "I'll just say to the Minister—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00097-00030406-00030664": "I can see the catchline now, I can see the catchline: wake up, Albo; wake up!", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00098-00030664-00030730": "No.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00099-00030730-00030965": "The member for Maribyrong.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00100-00031673-00031948": "Thank you, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00101-00031948-00032174": "Have now doses have been delivered—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00102-00032174-00032299": "Manager of Opposition Business—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00103-00032299-00032400": "You don't want to know?", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00104-00032416-00032548": "On a point on order—the Prime Minister.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00105-00032734-00032873": "Nah, members of both sides.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00106-00032873-00032976": "Thank you, Mr Speaker", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00107-00033000-00033150": "Well—Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00108-00033150-00033487": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00109-00033487-00033578": "Thank you, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00110-00033578-00034221": "Mr Speaker, I—Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00111-00034221-00034467": "and Mr Speaker, Mistus—Mr Speaker,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00112-00034467-00034900": "Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00113-00034900-00035017": "Thank you, Mr Speaker my—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00114-00035017-00035208": "Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00115-00035469-00035630": "The Leader of the Opposition on indulgence.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00116-00035668-00036227": "Thanks Mr Speaker, I join with the Prime Minister—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00117-00036227-00036309": "The Prime Minister.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00118-00036309-00036576": "Thank you, Mr Speaker, my apologies to the member for Kennedy,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00119-00036576-00036776": "but there are other commitments, Mr Speaker.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00120-00036776-00037130": "I'm sure we'll have another opportunity later in the week, I hope—", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00121-00037130-00037480": "I indeed hope—Mr Speaker, I ask that further questions on the notice paper.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00122-00037480-00037584": "The Leader of the House.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00123-00037584-00037873": "Thank you, Mr Speaker, Mr Speaker, documents are tabled in accordance with the list", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00124-00037873-00038105": "circulated to honourable members earlier today,", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00125-00038105-00038427": "full details of the documents will be recorded in Votes and Proceedings.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00126-00038470-00038653": "I thank the Leader of the House.", "4rNzimJBgwQ-00127-00038748-00039343": "I present Auditor-General's Performance Audit Report No. 38 of 2020-2021..."}}, {"audio_id": "4rVIFnjpERA", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "4s1m1tWnM6c", "text": {"4s1m1tWnM6c-00000-00001356-00001986": "You can download Doctor Racket for Mac,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00001-00001986-00002151": "Windows, or Linux", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00002-00002151-00002535": "and you can also download my file called", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00003-00002535-00002764": "color-utils.rkt", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00004-00002764-00003189": "which has some useful tools for dealing with images.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00005-00003189-00003429": "Start up Doctor Racket and", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00006-00003429-00003602": "and you'll have", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00007-00003602-00003961": "the interactions pane and the definitions pane.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00008-00003961-00004196": "In this case, they're on the right,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00009-00004196-00004304": "and left", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00010-00004304-00004738": "respectively.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00011-00004738-00005036": "The main thing you need to check is that the language is", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00012-00005036-00005149": "racket", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00013-00005149-00005271": "and that", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00014-00005271-00005577": "the language is set to", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00015-00005577-00006047": "the language declared in source, which it is in this case,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00016-00006047-00006442": "And I want to start out with a require statement", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00017-00006442-00006623": "in order to read in", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00018-00006623-00006764": "the definitions", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00019-00006764-00006983": "that are in", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00020-00006983-00007239": "color-utils", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00021-00007239-00007593": "so I type out this require statement", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00022-00007593-00008282": "and i hit F5 to read in the definitions, and that seems to go well.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00023-00008282-00008714": "I'm also getting very tired of having to fetch elephants all the time, so I'm", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00024-00008714-00008975": "going to define a shortcut", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00025-00008975-00009245": "for an elephant,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00026-00009245-00009610": "and then i'm gonna head out on the internet to see what elephants might be", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00027-00009610-00009747": "roaming about,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00028-00009747-00010249": "and fetch one of them.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00029-00010249-00010389": "OK, there is one", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00030-00010389-00010740": "So I right-click on it,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00031-00010740-00011073": "copy it,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00032-00011073-00011176": "and then", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00033-00011176-00011722": "paste it into Doctor Racket.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00034-00011722-00011904": "F5 again,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00035-00011904-00012379": "And now if I type control-D, I have the interactions pane filling the entire", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00036-00012379-00012794": "screen, and there we see Jumbo.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00037-00012794-00013067": "I want to see just one", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00038-00013067-00013587": "bit of the image, I want to just one pixel, so I'll look at the seventeenth", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00039-00013587-00013682": "pixel", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00040-00013682-00014049": "of the list of colours that make up this image.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00041-00014049-00014320": "Very good, let's grab seventeen,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00042-00014320-00014819": "convert Jumbo to a list, and you see it's made up of four intensities: the red, green", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00043-00014819-00015191": "blue, and alpha or transparency.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00044-00015191-00015377": "Now, what if I just", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00045-00015377-00015544": "care", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00046-00015544-00016172": "about one of the intensities?", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00047-00016172-00016423": "Well, I could examine just", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00048-00016423-00016711": "the red part of the seventeenth", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00049-00016711-00016886": "colore that makes up", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00050-00016886-00017020": "this image.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00051-00017020-00017318": "It has intensely one seventy four", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00052-00017318-00017512": "Of course, I could also examine just", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00053-00017512-00017752": "the blue part", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00054-00017752-00018040": "of that color...", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00055-00018040-00018221": "and there it is.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00056-00018221-00018501": "I can construct a new color", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00057-00018501-00018810": "using this color as a reference", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00058-00018810-00019193": "so I can say that the new blue ought to have intensity twenty five", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00059-00019193-00019540": "and otherwise be the same as the seventeenth color", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00060-00019540-00019825": "in Jumbo", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00061-00019825-00020118": "... and here's how I do it.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00062-00020118-00020621": "there's a new color with the blue set to twenty five.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00063-00020621-00020880": "Of course nothing special about blue, I could", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00064-00020880-00021043": "construct a new color", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00065-00021043-00021743": "where the red is set to a particular value.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00066-00021994-00022530": "Usually we're interested in operating on the entire image,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00067-00022530-00023007": "changing perhaps the entire list of colors to create a new image,", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00068-00023007-00023229": "so what I do is I name each", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00069-00023229-00023345": "color in the list", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00070-00023345-00023856": "i, in turn, so i is my old color, and I use it as a basis for generating a new", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00071-00023856-00024069": "color.  So, here the new red", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00072-00024069-00024232": "is going to be", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00073-00024232-00024514": "half the intensity of the", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00074-00024514-00024754": "red part of i, and i is", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00075-00024754-00025076": "binding to each color in turn.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00076-00025076-00025357": "So, I take half the color red of i", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00077-00025357-00025701": "as the basis for my red part and otherwise", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00078-00025701-00026120": "the new colors I produce are gonna be just the same as i.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00079-00026120-00026334": "And there we have quite", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00080-00026334-00026656": "significantly less red Jumbo.", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00081-00026656-00026830": "I can do the same trick", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00082-00026830-00026983": "to the blue", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00083-00026983-00027149": "and base the blue", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00084-00027149-00027352": "in my new image that I", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00085-00027352-00027483": "construct", "4s1m1tWnM6c-00086-00027483-00028183": "being half the red value."}}, {"audio_id": "4s2xTyZLx6Y", "text": {"4s2xTyZLx6Y-00000-00000021-00001287": "24Hrs After Nancy Pelosi Calls For ‘Uprisings’ Across U.S., Her Plan Backfires On Her At", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00001-00001287-00001408": "Home", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00002-00001408-00001805": "House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi has taken her “anything Trump does must be awful”", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00003-00001805-00002081": "show on the road for an encore performance.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00004-00002081-00002491": "Attempting to downplay decades low unemployment and record highs in consumer confidence was", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00005-00002491-00002818": "apparently to difficult from home or Washington.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00006-00002818-00003197": "As one of the most disliked politicians in America with a bevy of just flat ignorant", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00007-00003197-00003682": "commentary to cite for exactly WHY Americans feel the way they do, Nancy just cannot seem", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00008-00003682-00003822": "to help herself.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00009-00003822-00004258": "Keeping her mouth closed in order to not prove herself a fool again and again seems to simply", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00010-00004258-00004562": "be too great a challenge for the California Democrat.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00011-00004562-00004963": "Now she has made comments sounding as though she is attempting to incite a rebellion against", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00012-00004963-00005171": "the Trump administration.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00013-00005171-00005385": "It seems Nancy is concerned.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00014-00005385-00005823": "That concern centers around a former government policy of separating illegal migrant children", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00015-00005823-00006196": "from their illegal migrant mothers and fathers when they are detained for crossing the border", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00016-00006196-00006461": "into the United States without permission.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00017-00006461-00006881": "Yet for reasons known only to Nancy, she has never voiced any of these concerns over the", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00018-00006881-00007293": "past 20 years or more that the policy of not detaining children in a government facility", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00019-00007293-00007463": "has been going on.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00020-00007463-00007906": "Nancy’s concern centered around the government policy of separating children from their criminal", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00021-00007906-00008213": "parents when they are detained illegally entering the country.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00022-00008213-00008707": "Oddly, she has never voiced any of these concerns in the past 20 years… which is how long", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00023-00008707-00009142": "the policy of not detaining children in a government facility has been in place.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00024-00009142-00009586": "She maintains it is “barbaric” to separate illegal migrant children from their illegal", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00025-00009586-00009922": "migrant parents after they illegally enter the country to seek asylum.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00026-00009922-00010368": "Nancy, calling for protests, said she does not under “why there aren’t uprisings", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00027-00010368-00010687": "all over the country” of people expressing outrage about the policy.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00028-00010687-00011061": "“First of all, this was act of the administration.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00029-00011061-00011418": "They had been planning this for a while,” Nancy said at her weekly press conference", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00030-00011418-00011518": "on Thursday.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00031-00011518-00012019": "“As a mother of five children, grandmother of nine, I’m sure any parents here, mother", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00032-00012019-00012305": "or father, knows that this is barbaric.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00033-00012305-00012463": "This is not what America is.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00034-00012463-00012714": "But this is the policy of the Trump administration.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00035-00012714-00013141": "I just don’t even know why there aren’t uprisings all over the country.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00036-00013141-00013608": "And maybe there will be, when people realize that this is a policy that they defend.”", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00037-00013608-00013997": "Illegal migrant children were separated from their illegal migrant parents after illegally", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00038-00013997-00015091": "crossing the border into the U.S. in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017,", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00039-00015091-00015590": "and all of sudden out of the blue people like Nancy just decided to start caring in 2018.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00040-00015590-00016016": "This issue has been going on for years…long before current President Trump or even former", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00041-00016016-00016171": "President Obama.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00042-00016171-00016615": "With virtue signaling all over the place, a truckload of overly emotional hysteria,", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00043-00016615-00017043": "and a complete void of historical fact and context, this was not a sudden change or a", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00044-00017043-00017171": "new policy.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00045-00017171-00017426": "The border did not magically move.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00046-00017426-00017903": "Yet for some reason, almost like a coordinated attack, folks all of sudden decided they “cared”", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00047-00017903-00018272": "about the children of illegal migrants being with their mothers and fathers.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00048-00018272-00018767": "How very nice that Washington progressives, politicos, sycophants, and talking heads have", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00049-00018767-00019141": "suddenly found their”compassion” and concern themselves about children having mothers and", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00050-00019141-00019291": "fathers.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00051-00019291-00019681": "Nevermind the government has legal limitations on detaining illegal migrant children that", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00052-00019681-00019983": "prevent children from being detained with their parents.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00053-00019983-00020413": "Family separation arises out of policy changes that require the detention of adults either", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00054-00020413-00020601": "in criminal or immigration jails.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00055-00020601-00021145": "There are, however, existing legal limitations on holding children in custody, notably the", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00056-00021145-00021613": "1997 Flores Settlement Agreement and legal prohibitions against holding children in adult", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00057-00021613-00021778": "criminal facilities.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00058-00021778-00022215": "As a result, the child is taken from the parent and placed into the custody of the Department", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00059-00022215-00022692": "of Health and Human Services (HHS) in HHS facilities.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00060-00022692-00023148": "In addition, according to Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen, there has also", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00061-00023148-00023669": "been a 314% increase in adults showing up at the border with children they are not related", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00062-00023669-00023769": "too.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00063-00023769-00023968": "These are not parents and families.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00064-00023968-00024141": "These are pimps and traffickers.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00065-00024141-00024496": "So what these people are actually saying with their misplaced “compassion” is they do", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00066-00024496-00024788": "not want to separate children from their abusers.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00067-00024788-00025308": "They are literally asking…no, demanding…that vile, repugnant scum that see children as", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00068-00025308-00025893": "a commodity to be bought and sold, used at will…as chattel, be catered to and accommodated.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00069-00025893-00026331": "All with plenty of media propagandists and lackeys on both the left and the right, throwing", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00070-00026331-00026543": "in their “SEE, I CARE TOO!”", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00071-00026543-00026643": "nonsense.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00072-00026643-00027033": "Now Nancy is seeing her lemming supporters and future Democratic congressional candidates", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00073-00027033-00027268": "backing away from their support of her.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00074-00027268-00027615": "Some are even outright attacking her in the hopes it will help their own chances of winning", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00075-00027615-00027747": "at the polls.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00076-00027747-00028468": "Gil Cisneros (D), who is running for the soon-to-be-retired seat of Rep. Ed Royce (R-CA) issued a statement", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00077-00028468-00028905": "on his decision to not support Pelosi if his party retakes the House and Pelosi attempts", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00078-00028905-00029334": "to run for Speaker yet again – “While I respect Leader Pelosi’s years of advocacy", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00079-00029334-00029783": "on behalf of California and the Democratic Party, it’s time for new leadership.”", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00080-00029783-00030202": "as to his decision not to support Pelosi if his party takes back the House and she runs", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00081-00030202-00030375": "for speaker.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00082-00030375-00030858": "According to the San Francisco Chronicle, Democrat Andrew Janz, who is running against", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00083-00030858-00031415": "GOP Rep. Devin Nunes (R-Tulare), has also stated he would not support Pelosi.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00084-00031415-00031874": "Janz states – “I think it’s time for a new generation of leaders to go to Washington,", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00085-00031874-00032138": "and this is with respect to both Democrats and Republicans.", "4s2xTyZLx6Y-00086-00032138-00033673": "I think the country, and my district in particular, is hungry for change.”"}}, {"audio_id": "4s7Mdt4OqZE", "text": {"4s7Mdt4OqZE-00000-00000000-00000200": "Domaća mrkva, peršun i zelje🥕🍃🌿"}}, {"audio_id": "4sxawLiiTeg", "text": {"4sxawLiiTeg-00000-00000821-00001224": "Annie Waldherr: Hello. I'm Annie Waldherr. I'm Professor of Computational", "4sxawLiiTeg-00001-00001224-00001704": "Communication Science in the Department of Communication here at the University of Vienna.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00002-00001704-00002048": "Nicola Righetti: And I am Nicola Righetti, and I am a researcher in", "4sxawLiiTeg-00003-00002048-00002336": "computational communication science at the University of Vienna.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00004-00002336-00002752": "Annie Waldherr: And in this video, we'll give you a very short introduction", "4sxawLiiTeg-00005-00002752-00003344": "into the world of network analysis. I will start by introducing some basic terms and concepts.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00006-00003344-00003656": "Nicola Righetti: And I will then show you an empirical example.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00007-00003656-00004088": "Annie Waldherr: What is network analysis? In the social sciences, we study", "4sxawLiiTeg-00008-00004088-00004584": "usually individual or collective actors using observations, surveys or", "4sxawLiiTeg-00009-00004584-00005248": "experiments. We usually treat those actors as independent from each other. But if we take a", "4sxawLiiTeg-00010-00005248-00005864": "closer look, we realize that there are plenty of relationships between people. Friendship,", "4sxawLiiTeg-00011-00005864-00006576": "kinship, there are flows of support, of resources and information between people.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00012-00006720-00007295": "And in the digital world, we are able to trace network relations with digital data, for example", "4sxawLiiTeg-00013-00007295-00007968": "from social media, who follows or likes or mentions or comments whom. And with techniques of", "4sxawLiiTeg-00014-00007968-00008584": "network analysis, we can study such relationships between actors, even in very large networks.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00015-00008664-00009632": "What is a network? A network consists of two major elements. The nodes, these are the points, also", "4sxawLiiTeg-00016-00009632-00010400": "called vertices. And the relationships between the nodes, they are called edges, ties or links.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00017-00010512-00011256": "And networks are often represented as graphs. For example, here in this figure you see an example", "4sxawLiiTeg-00018-00011256-00012088": "graph, showing nine nodes, which are labeled with letters A through I, and we see the edges", "4sxawLiiTeg-00019-00012088-00012824": "between them. This small graph might, for example, represent a quite small class of students,", "4sxawLiiTeg-00020-00012880-00013784": "and the relationships between them might represent who parties with whom together. So it's a measure", "4sxawLiiTeg-00021-00013784-00014400": "maybe of contact outside of the classroom or of information flow between the students.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00022-00014560-00015072": "In social network analysis, we often ask for key positions in the network.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00023-00015072-00015896": "So which node in this network is the most central or influential? You may take a", "4sxawLiiTeg-00024-00015896-00016520": "short while to think about this. Which node in this network do you think is the most central?", "4sxawLiiTeg-00025-00016776-00017264": "You may have thought that node G is the most influential in this network. Obviously,", "4sxawLiiTeg-00026-00017264-00017976": "it's the node with the highest number of links and this kind of centrality we call degree centrality.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00027-00018128-00018952": "We count the number of edges of every link and G has a degree of four because it has four links", "4sxawLiiTeg-00028-00018952-00019888": "to other nodes. Degree centrality is a measure of communication activity or authority or prestige.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00029-00020000-00020400": "If you look at the graph in another way, you may have come to the conclusion that", "4sxawLiiTeg-00030-00020400-00021048": "Node E in the middle is the most influential node. After all, it's the node which can reach all other", "4sxawLiiTeg-00031-00021048-00021632": "nodes in the network with the lowest numbers of steps. So it's the node that is closest", "4sxawLiiTeg-00032-00021632-00022392": "to all the other nodes in the network. And this is another measure of centrality we call Closeness.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00033-00022464-00022992": "Actually, we calculate the inverse of the sum of the shortest path distances from a given node", "4sxawLiiTeg-00034-00022992-00023312": "to all other nodes in the network. And this", "4sxawLiiTeg-00035-00023384-00023984": "kind of centrality is a measure of independence from information flow of others.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00036-00024088-00024800": "Actually, there's even another measure of centrality, which we call Betweenness, and this", "4sxawLiiTeg-00037-00024880-00025416": "is the node C. Node C shows the highest Betweenness Centrality.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00038-00025416-00025880": "Why is that? Betweenness considers the number of shortest paths", "4sxawLiiTeg-00039-00025936-00026704": "running between pairs of nodes through a given node. So it's a measure for how much control", "4sxawLiiTeg-00040-00026704-00027368": "a given node has on the overall information flow in a network. And in other words, we measure", "4sxawLiiTeg-00041-00027368-00028183": "the probability that communication between pairs of actors will run via a given actor.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00042-00028183-00028488": "Nicola Righetti: Social network analysis can be a valuable tool", "4sxawLiiTeg-00043-00028488-00028888": "for understanding the contemporary digital communication ecosystem.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00044-00029008-00029495": "For example, it makes it possible to identify the connection which allow the", "4sxawLiiTeg-00045-00029495-00030104": "transmission of information and to detect online communities where disinformation flourishes.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00046-00030183-00030776": "Let's have a look at the real world example of a network analysis approach applied to the social", "4sxawLiiTeg-00047-00030776-00031408": "media information ecosystem. This picture displays networks of social media accounts", "4sxawLiiTeg-00048-00031408-00032039": "detected through an extensive analysis of several thousand political messages published on Facebook", "4sxawLiiTeg-00049-00032095-00032864": "and Instagram in the lead up to the 2021 German federal elections. Nodes of the network", "4sxawLiiTeg-00050-00032864-00033416": "are represented by circles. They are Instagram accounts and Facebook pages and groups", "4sxawLiiTeg-00051-00033416-00034104": "that share political information in the six weeks prior to the Election Day. A link between nodes", "4sxawLiiTeg-00052-00034104-00034696": "is to represent that connected accounts share the same content within circles of each other,", "4sxawLiiTeg-00053-00034760-00035104": "which can be considered as a signal of coordination.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00054-00035176-00035768": "Coordinated networks are used to broadcast certain kinds of content on social media platforms.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00055-00035768-00036328": "They can be employed by legitimate actors like publishers to share content published in their", "4sxawLiiTeg-00056-00036328-00036888": "magazines and newspapers. They may be used by partisan communities to strategically support", "4sxawLiiTeg-00057-00036888-00037560": "certain political points of view. They can even be used for disseminating disinformation.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00058-00037728-00038296": "Overall, the networks depicted on the photo were able to deliver content to a potential audience", "4sxawLiiTeg-00059-00038296-00038984": "of hundreds of thousands of social media users. Some of these networks have been used by popular", "4sxawLiiTeg-00060-00038984-00039464": "german publishers to broadly share news articles published on their journals.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00061-00039520-00040072": "Other networks consist of official pages of political parties and have been used to", "4sxawLiiTeg-00062-00040072-00040616": "reach out to the public with partisan political communication. Other networks include the Facebook", "4sxawLiiTeg-00063-00040616-00041120": "fan groups that have supported the specific political parties during the election campaign.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00064-00041208-00041560": "Small networks, made up of only a few accounts,", "4sxawLiiTeg-00065-00041560-00042184": "are made up of Instagram and Facebook accounts linked together to republish the same content.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00066-00042320-00043072": "Appropriate visualization of social networks is fundamental to identify and explore important", "4sxawLiiTeg-00067-00043072-00043688": "aspects of a network. In this case, for example, the difference in node size represents accounts", "4sxawLiiTeg-00068-00043688-00044264": "with varying degrees of activity. The larger the node, the higher the amount of content that", "4sxawLiiTeg-00069-00044264-00044808": "the account shared. Different colors make it possible to distinguish communities,", "4sxawLiiTeg-00070-00044808-00045448": "which are groups of nodes more closely linked to each other within a larger network. The location", "4sxawLiiTeg-00071-00045448-00046104": "of nodes depends on the characteristics of the network and the algorithm used to visualize the", "4sxawLiiTeg-00072-00046104-00046664": "network and transmit important information. In this case, for instance, the nodes between the", "4sxawLiiTeg-00073-00046664-00047336": "two communities represent the social media accounts that connect the two communities", "4sxawLiiTeg-00074-00047336-00048016": "in the broader network. Instead, the small nodes located outside the main cluster are the ones that", "4sxawLiiTeg-00075-00048016-00048632": "share only a few connections with the network. By elucidating the structure of networks,", "4sxawLiiTeg-00076-00048632-00049104": "social network analysis allows it to a better understanding of a variety of phenomena.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00077-00049168-00049680": "The possible applications are countless, including the analysis of sociological", "4sxawLiiTeg-00078-00049680-00050272": "and communication phenomena. Some of them are especially important today,", "4sxawLiiTeg-00079-00050272-00050856": "such as the analysis of the dissemination of information and misinformation on social media.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00080-00050912-00051464": "To learn more about social network analysis, check out the suggested links and the resources.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00081-00051464-00051791": "Annie Waldherr: We hope that this video", "4sxawLiiTeg-00082-00051791-00052367": "gave you a good first impression of the potentials of social network analysis in the digital world.", "4sxawLiiTeg-00083-00052367-00053384": "Nicola Righetti: Thank you for your attention."}}, {"audio_id": "4sBbszwbpao", "text": {"4sBbszwbpao-00000-00000010-00000083": "ENROLLED IN THE HIGH SCHOOL.", "4sBbszwbpao-00001-00000083-00000090": "ENROLLED IN THE HIGH SCHOOL.", "4sBbszwbpao-00002-00000090-00000230": "ENROLLED IN THE HIGH SCHOOL. THE SCHOOL'S STAFF HOPES TO", "4sBbszwbpao-00003-00000230-00000236": "ENROLLED IN THE HIGH SCHOOL. THE SCHOOL'S STAFF HOPES TO", "4sBbszwbpao-00004-00000236-00000373": "ENROLLED IN THE HIGH SCHOOL. THE SCHOOL'S STAFF HOPES TO INCREASE THAT NUMBER BY ABOUT 30", "4sBbszwbpao-00005-00000373-00000380": "THE SCHOOL'S STAFF HOPES TO INCREASE THAT NUMBER BY ABOUT 30", "4sBbszwbpao-00006-00000380-00000837": "THE SCHOOL'S STAFF HOPES TO INCREASE THAT NUMBER BY ABOUT 30 STUDENTS EACH YEAR.", "4sBbszwbpao-00007-00000837-00000844": "INCREASE THAT NUMBER BY ABOUT 30 STUDENTS EACH YEAR.", "4sBbszwbpao-00008-00000844-00001004": "INCREASE THAT NUMBER BY ABOUT 30 STUDENTS EACH YEAR. >> DENNIS: AN 84-YEAR-OLD LITTLE", "4sBbszwbpao-00009-00001004-00001011": "STUDENTS EACH YEAR. >> DENNIS: AN 84-YEAR-OLD LITTLE", "4sBbszwbpao-00010-00001011-00001147": "STUDENTS EACH YEAR. >> DENNIS: AN 84-YEAR-OLD LITTLE FALLS MAN HAS DIED IN A TRACTOR", "4sBbszwbpao-00011-00001147-00001154": ">> DENNIS: AN 84-YEAR-OLD LITTLE FALLS MAN HAS DIED IN A TRACTOR", "4sBbszwbpao-00012-00001154-00001294": ">> DENNIS: AN 84-YEAR-OLD LITTLE FALLS MAN HAS DIED IN A TRACTOR ACCIDENT NEAR LITTLE FALLS.", "4sBbszwbpao-00013-00001294-00001301": "FALLS MAN HAS DIED IN A TRACTOR ACCIDENT NEAR LITTLE FALLS.", "4sBbszwbpao-00014-00001301-00001474": "FALLS MAN HAS DIED IN A TRACTOR ACCIDENT NEAR LITTLE FALLS. THE SHERIFF'S OFFICE SAYS THAT", "4sBbszwbpao-00015-00001474-00001481": "ACCIDENT NEAR LITTLE FALLS. THE SHERIFF'S OFFICE SAYS THAT", "4sBbszwbpao-00016-00001481-00001634": "ACCIDENT NEAR LITTLE FALLS. THE SHERIFF'S OFFICE SAYS THAT EMIL GROTH WAS DRIVING A TRACTOR", "4sBbszwbpao-00017-00001634-00001641": "THE SHERIFF'S OFFICE SAYS THAT EMIL GROTH WAS DRIVING A TRACTOR", "4sBbszwbpao-00018-00001641-00001791": "THE SHERIFF'S OFFICE SAYS THAT EMIL GROTH WAS DRIVING A TRACTOR MONDAY IN A FIELD WHEN HE FELL", "4sBbszwbpao-00019-00001791-00001798": "EMIL GROTH WAS DRIVING A TRACTOR MONDAY IN A FIELD WHEN HE FELL", "4sBbszwbpao-00020-00001798-00001935": "EMIL GROTH WAS DRIVING A TRACTOR MONDAY IN A FIELD WHEN HE FELL OFF THE TRACTOR AND WAS RUN OVER", "4sBbszwbpao-00021-00001935-00001941": "MONDAY IN A FIELD WHEN HE FELL OFF THE TRACTOR AND WAS RUN OVER", "4sBbszwbpao-00022-00001941-00001985": "MONDAY IN A FIELD WHEN HE FELL OFF THE TRACTOR AND WAS RUN OVER BY IT."}}, {"audio_id": "4sCBos4HSxU", "text": {"4sCBos4HSxU-00000-00000112-00000492": "Hello and welcome to this brief overview", "4sCBos4HSxU-00001-00000492-00000867": "of Canvas features and the layout that", "4sCBos4HSxU-00002-00000867-00001047": "we recommend for instructors", "4sCBos4HSxU-00003-00001047-00001206": "in the College of Education and Human", "4sCBos4HSxU-00004-00001206-00001577": "Development for using Canvas with students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00005-00001577-00001797": "My name is Lyn DeLorme and I'm one of", "4sCBos4HSxU-00006-00001797-00001941": "the instructional designers on", "4sCBos4HSxU-00007-00001941-00002230": "the Digital Education and Innovation Team.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00008-00002230-00002427": "In order to access Canvas,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00009-00002427-00002673": "we recommend that you use", "4sCBos4HSxU-00010-00002673-00003193": "the main web address for Canvas: canvas.umn.edu.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00011-00003193-00003375": "And you can share this same address", "4sCBos4HSxU-00012-00003375-00003511": "with all of your students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00013-00003511-00003846": "When you log into canvas.umn.edu,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00014-00003846-00004133": "you will reach your Canvas dashboard.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00015-00004133-00004327": "Let me give you a brief tour.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00016-00004327-00004475": "In the center area,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00017-00004475-00004813": "you see a colored square or tile", "4sCBos4HSxU-00018-00004813-00005180": "for each course that I'm participating in.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00019-00005180-00005372": "You will see a list that is", "4sCBos4HSxU-00020-00005372-00005636": "specific to the courses that you're involved in.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00021-00005636-00005940": "This list is tailored to each person.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00022-00005940-00006092": "On the far left side,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00023-00006092-00006332": "you have this maroon navigation area.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00024-00006332-00006556": "This is the system navigation.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00025-00006556-00006777": "It will be visible regardless", "4sCBos4HSxU-00026-00006777-00007032": "of where you are located in Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00027-00007032-00007306": "In terms of whichever course you're looking at,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00028-00007306-00007430": "you will always be able to see", "4sCBos4HSxU-00029-00007430-00007592": "this maroon system navigation.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00030-00007592-00007781": "In particular, I want to draw", "4sCBos4HSxU-00031-00007781-00008075": "your attention to a few of the areas that you will", "4sCBos4HSxU-00032-00008075-00008318": "also want to make sure that your students pay attention", "4sCBos4HSxU-00033-00008318-00008625": "to when you are orienting them to Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00034-00008625-00008765": "And we do recommend that", "4sCBos4HSxU-00035-00008765-00008996": "instructors spend a few minutes during", "4sCBos4HSxU-00036-00008996-00009140": "the first session or in", "4sCBos4HSxU-00037-00009140-00009495": "the early weeks of meeting together with your course,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00038-00009495-00009728": "providing a little bit of a walking tour of", "4sCBos4HSxU-00039-00009728-00009962": "Canvas and your course so that students are", "4sCBos4HSxU-00040-00009962-00010145": "getting the most out of it and so that", "4sCBos4HSxU-00041-00010145-00010497": "their participation meets your expectations.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00042-00010497-00010732": "So first is your account settings.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00043-00010732-00010865": "If you click there,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00044-00010865-00011091": "you will see an area where you can", "4sCBos4HSxU-00045-00011091-00011389": "customize by putting your own picture.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00046-00011389-00011612": "You will also see an area", "4sCBos4HSxU-00047-00011612-00011826": "to check your profile settings,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00048-00011826-00012099": "the settings for Canvas for your account.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00049-00012099-00012281": "And then in particular, I want to draw", "4sCBos4HSxU-00050-00012281-00012583": "your attention the notifications area.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00051-00012583-00012743": "We encourage you to encourage", "4sCBos4HSxU-00052-00012743-00012943": "your students to set this up.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00053-00012943-00013187": "I'm going to click here briefly so that you can see", "4sCBos4HSxU-00054-00013187-00013563": "the screen within the settings area.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00055-00013563-00013746": "You can specify for", "4sCBos4HSxU-00056-00013746-00013976": "each possible event that could happen", "4sCBos4HSxU-00057-00013976-00014271": "in Canvas. You can specify how often", "4sCBos4HSxU-00058-00014271-00014444": "you are notified and whether or", "4sCBos4HSxU-00059-00014444-00014673": "not you're notified by email.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00060-00014673-00014909": "There is also a mobile app for", "4sCBos4HSxU-00061-00014909-00015144": "Canvas that students can make use of.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00062-00015144-00015257": "And if they set", "4sCBos4HSxU-00063-00015257-00015525": "their notification preferences appropriately,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00064-00015525-00015719": "the Canvas mobile app will also", "4sCBos4HSxU-00065-00015719-00015971": "notify them when something happens in the course,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00066-00015971-00016251": "for example, if you post an announcement or you", "4sCBos4HSxU-00067-00016251-00016662": "hand back graded work for their review.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00068-00016666-00016946": "Let's return to the Dashboard", "4sCBos4HSxU-00069-00016946-00017132": "and take a look at a few examples", "4sCBos4HSxU-00070-00017132-00017367": "of course sites to help you get up and running.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00071-00017367-00017534": "To access any course site,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00072-00017534-00017800": "simply click on the title of the course site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00073-00017800-00018056": "This is an example of what a course site looks like", "4sCBos4HSxU-00074-00018056-00018326": "when it's empty and contains no content.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00075-00018326-00018579": "You may have a course site that looks like this,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00076-00018579-00018806": "or you may have a course site that has already had", "4sCBos4HSxU-00077-00018806-00019089": "some content imported into it.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00078-00019089-00019322": "Let's spend just a moment getting oriented", "4sCBos4HSxU-00079-00019322-00019593": "to the layout of a Canvas course site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00080-00019593-00019760": "On the far left,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00081-00019760-00020003": "you have this white navigation bar area.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00082-00020003-00020194": "This is your course navigation", "4sCBos4HSxU-00083-00020194-00020555": "and you can customize the order of the links that are", "4sCBos4HSxU-00084-00020555-00020750": "available here and whether", "4sCBos4HSxU-00085-00020750-00020951": "or not they're visible to students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00086-00020951-00021233": "This central area is where", "4sCBos4HSxU-00087-00021233-00021468": "your course content will be located", "4sCBos4HSxU-00088-00021468-00021735": "if you populate your course site with content.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00089-00021735-00021938": "And then over on the far right,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00090-00021938-00022209": "we have a number of menu choices as well,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00091-00022209-00022379": "and we'll explore some of those as", "4sCBos4HSxU-00092-00022379-00022687": "we explore Canvas further.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00093-00022687-00022910": "So let's look at a Canvas site", "4sCBos4HSxU-00094-00022910-00023088": "that contains some content.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00095-00023088-00023432": "And in another tab I have a course site that", "4sCBos4HSxU-00096-00023432-00023839": "contains our CEHD Canvas template.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00097-00023839-00024242": "Our team has built a Canvas template as a way to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00098-00024242-00024510": "help instructors get a quick start", "4sCBos4HSxU-00099-00024510-00024632": "on building a course site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00100-00024632-00024899": "We have pre-populated the course", "4sCBos4HSxU-00101-00024899-00025199": "with some ready-to-go placeholders", "4sCBos4HSxU-00102-00025199-00025346": "and some pre-authored", "4sCBos4HSxU-00103-00025346-00025602": "information that we hope will save you time and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00104-00025602-00025802": "effort and also be useful to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00105-00025802-00025939": "your students as you are all", "4sCBos4HSxU-00106-00025939-00026172": "becoming acquainted with Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00107-00026172-00026555": "Canvas uses the term Module to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00108-00026555-00026791": "describe a container or", "4sCBos4HSxU-00109-00026791-00027085": "a segment of information or content.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00110-00027085-00027275": "So the screen we're looking at", "4sCBos4HSxU-00111-00027275-00027516": "right now is the Modules screen.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00112-00027516-00027738": "In this case, we have set", "4sCBos4HSxU-00113-00027738-00028187": "this modules screen as the homepage for this course.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00114-00028187-00028538": "So both the Home link on the navigation bar and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00115-00028538-00028664": "the Modules link on", "4sCBos4HSxU-00116-00028664-00029013": "the navigation bar will take us to this same screen.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00117-00029013-00029409": "So Canvas uses this term Module to describe", "4sCBos4HSxU-00118-00029409-00029543": "what we see between", "4sCBos4HSxU-00119-00029543-00029822": "this dashed line and this dashed line.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00120-00029822-00030069": "So this week one is a module,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00121-00030069-00030254": "week two is a module,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00122-00030254-00030402": "week three is a module.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00123-00030402-00030567": "So we have organized", "4sCBos4HSxU-00124-00030567-00030978": "this template structure into weekly modules.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00125-00030978-00031394": "You should organize your structure into modules that", "4sCBos4HSxU-00126-00031394-00031577": "match the pacing or", "4sCBos4HSxU-00127-00031577-00031869": "the structure that you describe in your syllabus.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00128-00031869-00032020": "In the case of this template,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00129-00032020-00032189": "we've organized it by weeks,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00130-00032189-00032435": "but any module can be", "4sCBos4HSxU-00131-00032435-00032743": "titled anything that you'd like it to be titled.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00132-00032743-00032877": "So for example, we could,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00133-00032877-00033068": "instead of titling these by week,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00134-00033068-00033236": "we could title these by topic,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00135-00033236-00033569": "area, by session, by theme,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00136-00033569-00033781": "by lesson, or by unit.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00137-00033781-00034047": "And to change the titling of a module,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00138-00034047-00034163": "we simply need to click", "4sCBos4HSxU-00139-00034163-00034400": "these three dots to access the Edit menu", "4sCBos4HSxU-00140-00034400-00034908": "to change the title.  Within a content module,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00141-00034908-00035276": "there's a place holder for your course title and welcome.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00142-00035276-00035543": "We have also authored a Getting Started", "4sCBos4HSxU-00143-00035543-00035831": "page and we'll visit about pages in just a moment.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00144-00035831-00035970": "But this is a screen", "4sCBos4HSxU-00145-00035970-00036239": "that contains additional information.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00146-00036239-00036476": "You can add to the information that's", "4sCBos4HSxU-00147-00036476-00036725": "written here or edit any of it.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00148-00036725-00036908": "We have populated this with", "4sCBos4HSxU-00149-00036908-00037052": "some content we think might", "4sCBos4HSxU-00150-00037052-00037225": "be helpful to many instructors.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00151-00037225-00037510": "To make changes to what you see on this screen,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00152-00037510-00037852": "simply select this Edit button.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00153-00037852-00038126": "Return to the homepage.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00154-00038126-00038550": "We have also included a link in our CEHD template", "4sCBos4HSxU-00155-00038550-00038747": "to a Course Help and Support", "4sCBos4HSxU-00156-00038747-00039029": "page that we author and maintain.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00157-00039029-00039231": "This includes a listing,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00158-00039231-00039530": "a menu of tutorials that your students", "4sCBos4HSxU-00159-00039530-00039870": "may need in order to learn how to use Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00160-00039870-00040076": "And if you direct your students here", "4sCBos4HSxU-00161-00040076-00040302": "as part of your course orientation,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00162-00040302-00040466": "then you can tell them to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00163-00040466-00040649": "take advantage of this information.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00164-00040649-00040871": "And then that would be Canvas training", "4sCBos4HSxU-00165-00040871-00040982": "that you would not need to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00166-00040982-00041159": "provide to your students because", "4sCBos4HSxU-00167-00041159-00041360": "we have provided it here for them.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00168-00041360-00041546": "We also have a link to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00169-00041546-00041789": "additional technology support and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00170-00041789-00042017": "then some useful policies", "4sCBos4HSxU-00171-00042017-00042314": "and contact information for services that students", "4sCBos4HSxU-00172-00042314-00042668": "may wish to take advantage of. In the course template,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00173-00042668-00042836": "we've also included an Ask", "4sCBos4HSxU-00174-00042836-00043104": "Questions About the Course discussion board.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00175-00043104-00043277": "This is a place where students can", "4sCBos4HSxU-00176-00043277-00043448": "post general questions and you", "4sCBos4HSxU-00177-00043448-00043604": "can answer them here for all", "4sCBos4HSxU-00178-00043604-00043785": "of the students in the class to see.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00179-00043785-00044045": "The idea behind this forum is that it can", "4sCBos4HSxU-00180-00044045-00044315": "become an FAQ for the course.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00181-00044315-00044657": "If students post here and you post your response,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00182-00044657-00044885": "than it might reduce the amount of traffic", "4sCBos4HSxU-00183-00044885-00045216": "you have to field in your email inbox", "4sCBos4HSxU-00184-00045216-00045641": "answering questions repeatedly for multiple students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00185-00045641-00045899": "We've also included an Overview page", "4sCBos4HSxU-00186-00045899-00046113": "for each module in the template.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00187-00046113-00046421": "This is a place where you can add additional information", "4sCBos4HSxU-00188-00046421-00046746": "for students about what topics will be covered,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00189-00046746-00047087": "learning objectives, links to readings,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00190-00047087-00047281": "links to videos online,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00191-00047281-00047519": "links to other websites.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00192-00047521-00047738": "If you would like to use", "4sCBos4HSxU-00193-00047738-00048056": "the CEHD template in your Canvas course,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00194-00048056-00048254": "let us know and we can help you", "4sCBos4HSxU-00195-00048254-00048500": "apply it to your course site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00196-00048500-00048728": "Now let's take a moment and look at", "4sCBos4HSxU-00197-00048728-00048956": "a course site that is based on", "4sCBos4HSxU-00198-00048956-00049229": "the CEHD template but has been", "4sCBos4HSxU-00199-00049229-00049617": "tailored for use with a specific course.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00200-00049642-00049938": "So this is a tailored Canvas site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00201-00049938-00050195": "You may recognize some similar structure", "4sCBos4HSxU-00202-00050195-00050352": "with the CEHD template,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00203-00050352-00050570": "but the template has been modified.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00204-00050570-00050793": "Some of the titles had been adjusted", "4sCBos4HSxU-00205-00050793-00051075": "to suit a particular course curriculum.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00206-00051075-00051266": "And that's how we would recommend you use", "4sCBos4HSxU-00207-00051266-00051583": "the template is to tailor it to your particular course.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00208-00051583-00051805": "So I've re-titled the first module", "4sCBos4HSxU-00209-00051805-00052026": "to match the title of the course.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00210-00052026-00052391": "And I've re-titled the Getting Started screen or page,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00211-00052391-00052642": "in order to match the messaging that I want", "4sCBos4HSxU-00212-00052642-00052915": "my students to encounter when they come into the site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00213-00052915-00053248": "And let me show you this screen.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00214-00053248-00053683": "So this is using the content Page feature of Canvas", "4sCBos4HSxU-00215-00053683-00053879": "and we really like this feature.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00216-00053879-00053983": "It's very powerful.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00217-00053983-00054257": "As you can see, a content Page in Canvas", "4sCBos4HSxU-00218-00054257-00054608": "can contain various levels of headings,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00219-00054608-00055338": "text, images, and also links to other information.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00220-00055338-00055691": "It can even contain embedded videos and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00221-00055691-00056154": "linking in Canvas, editing a content Page is very easy.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00222-00056154-00056435": "Let me take you to another content Page", "4sCBos4HSxU-00223-00056435-00056680": "in one of the modules in this course.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00224-00056680-00056895": "Let's go to this overview page.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00225-00056895-00057104": "And as I mentioned before,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00226-00057104-00057366": "we setup overview pages for you.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00227-00057366-00057537": "We have populated them", "4sCBos4HSxU-00228-00057537-00057758": "very lightly with some placeholders,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00229-00057758-00057899": "but the idea is that you would", "4sCBos4HSxU-00230-00057899-00058148": "customize those pages to suit your needs.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00231-00058148-00058337": "So in this particular case,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00232-00058337-00058659": "I've added some text underneath the overview heading.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00233-00058659-00058850": "I've embedded a video,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00234-00058850-00058991": "and this would be a great way, if you", "4sCBos4HSxU-00235-00058991-00059186": "were delivering instructional videos,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00236-00059186-00059312": "for example, this would be", "4sCBos4HSxU-00237-00059312-00059650": "a great way to link them into your course site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00238-00059650-00059975": "I've populated the learning objectives and I've also", "4sCBos4HSxU-00239-00059975-00060316": "added another section a Next Steps section,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00240-00060316-00060470": "which can be really handy,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00241-00060470-00060629": "especially if you're teaching", "4sCBos4HSxU-00242-00060629-00060828": "a hybrid or an online course.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00243-00060828-00061049": "Students come to this end of this screen or", "4sCBos4HSxU-00244-00061049-00061393": "this overview for this unit or this week of the course,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00245-00061393-00061700": "and I've included for them a bulleted list of", "4sCBos4HSxU-00246-00061700-00062041": "all the tasks that they have to be sure to take care of.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00247-00062041-00062298": "So it takes the guesswork out for students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00248-00062298-00062424": "They do not have to try to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00249-00062424-00062624": "determine how to move forward", "4sCBos4HSxU-00250-00062624-00062960": "or what the elements of the week or the module are.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00251-00062960-00063108": "I've itemized them here", "4sCBos4HSxU-00252-00063108-00063406": "for students to help keep them on track.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00253-00063406-00063660": "To edit a content page,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00254-00063660-00063797": "I simply need to select", "4sCBos4HSxU-00255-00063797-00064059": "the Edit button in the upper right hand corner.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00256-00064059-00064319": "And that will bring me to a new screen where I can make", "4sCBos4HSxU-00257-00064319-00064716": "modifications to what is included on the content page.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00258-00064716-00064898": "There's an area where I can change", "4sCBos4HSxU-00259-00064898-00065108": "the title by simply typing over what's", "4sCBos4HSxU-00260-00065108-00065249": "written here and modifying", "4sCBos4HSxU-00261-00065249-00065486": "this information. In the text editor,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00262-00065486-00065951": "I can change information by typing new information or", "4sCBos4HSxU-00263-00065951-00066230": "taking advantage of these menu bar options", "4sCBos4HSxU-00264-00066230-00066509": "in order to add additional features or", "4sCBos4HSxU-00265-00066509-00066954": "format the content that's listed on the content page.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00266-00066954-00067133": "But in particular, I want to draw", "4sCBos4HSxU-00267-00067133-00067423": "your attention to this area on the right.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00268-00067423-00067747": "This is called the Content Selector in Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00269-00067747-00067989": "And this is a place where I think", "4sCBos4HSxU-00270-00067989-00068350": "the power of Canvas really begins to show.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00271-00068350-00068531": "So for example,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00272-00068531-00068927": "if I was going through this document and I wanted to add", "4sCBos4HSxU-00273-00068927-00069119": "a link to an assignment that I", "4sCBos4HSxU-00274-00069119-00069344": "had built in the course already,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00275-00069344-00069548": "I simply need to add", "4sCBos4HSxU-00276-00069548-00069862": "text into the text area for the assignment.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00277-00069862-00070049": "So let's say, for example,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00278-00070049-00070476": "I want to tell students to access an assignment.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00279-00070878-00071097": "I simply need to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00280-00071097-00071303": "type the words that I want students to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00281-00071303-00071647": "see. Then, I select them with my cursor.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00282-00071647-00071798": "And then I can go over here to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00283-00071798-00072143": "the content selector and select the assignments", "4sCBos4HSxU-00284-00072143-00072395": "option to see a list of the assignments that are", "4sCBos4HSxU-00285-00072395-00072700": "already in my course that I have built.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00286-00072700-00072816": "So for example,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00287-00072816-00073073": "if this was the assignment that I wanted to use,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00288-00073073-00073490": "I click it and then this item becomes a hyperlink.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00289-00073490-00073663": "And when I save the document,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00290-00073663-00073871": "students will be able to come and click", "4sCBos4HSxU-00291-00073871-00074163": "this link to be taken straight to the assignment.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00292-00074163-00074371": "The same is true for files.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00293-00074371-00074525": "So let's say, for example,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00294-00074525-00074847": "that I needed to link a document in.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00295-00075037-00075293": "Again, I simply need to type", "4sCBos4HSxU-00296-00075293-00075576": "the text that I would want students to see", "4sCBos4HSxU-00297-00075576-00075843": "and then I can come over to the files area.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00298-00075843-00076022": "I can either use a file that I've", "4sCBos4HSxU-00299-00076022-00076265": "previously loaded or I can select", "4sCBos4HSxU-00300-00076265-00076505": "this link to upload a new file or", "4sCBos4HSxU-00301-00076505-00076780": "upload an additional file into the system.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00302-00076780-00076919": "Let's say for example,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00303-00076919-00077160": "I wanted to link in this document.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00304-00077160-00077381": "I select it, and again,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00305-00077381-00077600": "this becomes a hyperlink.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00306-00077600-00077825": "This text editor and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00307-00077825-00078053": "content selector are available", "4sCBos4HSxU-00308-00078053-00078251": "in a lot of different features in Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00309-00078251-00078447": "So once you become comfortable using them,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00310-00078447-00078656": "you'll be able to use them across an array", "4sCBos4HSxU-00311-00078656-00078960": "of features within the Canvas system.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00312-00078985-00079289": "Let's return again to the Modules screen", "4sCBos4HSxU-00313-00079289-00079560": "to talk about a few additional features.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00314-00079560-00079721": "First of all, you'll notice on", "4sCBos4HSxU-00315-00079721-00080034": "the Modules screen that each item that's listed", "4sCBos4HSxU-00316-00080034-00080525": "in every module is accompanied by an icon that", "4sCBos4HSxU-00317-00080525-00080720": "is either green or it is", "4sCBos4HSxU-00318-00080720-00081027": "a white circle with a slash mark through it.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00319-00081027-00081177": "This is the publish or", "4sCBos4HSxU-00320-00081177-00081482": "Unpublish indicator. Items that are", "4sCBos4HSxU-00321-00081482-00081807": "unpublished are indicated by a circle with a gray slash.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00322-00081807-00081920": "That means the item is", "4sCBos4HSxU-00323-00081920-00082130": "visible to you as the instructor,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00324-00082130-00082334": "but because it is unpublished,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00325-00082334-00082575": "It is not visible to students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00326-00082575-00082779": "Items with green check marks", "4sCBos4HSxU-00327-00082779-00082949": "would be available to students", "4sCBos4HSxU-00328-00082949-00083103": "or visible to students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00329-00083103-00083342": "To publish or unpublish an item,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00330-00083342-00083564": "simply select the icon.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00331-00083564-00083726": "It's like a toggle switch.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00332-00083726-00084077": "So click it once to activate or click it again", "4sCBos4HSxU-00333-00084077-00084507": "to unpublish the item and make it invisible to students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00334-00084507-00084797": "To add a new item to a module,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00335-00084797-00085082": "simply select the plus sign symbol", "4sCBos4HSxU-00336-00085082-00085332": "that is associated with a particular module.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00337-00085332-00085692": "And so you can add any number of items to a module.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00338-00085692-00085834": "Let's take a look.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00339-00085834-00085992": "If I click the plus symbol,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00340-00085992-00086154": "I get a pop-up menu.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00341-00086154-00086438": "And in that menu is a drop-down option,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00342-00086438-00086684": "which shows me the various things", "4sCBos4HSxU-00343-00086684-00086844": "that I can add to a module.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00344-00086844-00087077": "I can add graded assignments,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00345-00087077-00087224": "I can add quizzes,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00346-00087224-00087515": "I can add file attachments,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00347-00087515-00087762": "so documents, PowerPoint slides,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00348-00087762-00087939": "additional kinds of files.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00349-00087939-00088196": "I can add one of those content Pages", "4sCBos4HSxU-00350-00088196-00088530": "and the Overviews are an example of that feature.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00351-00088530-00088733": "I can add a discussion board,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00352-00088733-00089049": "and this would be for a text discussion activity.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00353-00089049-00089232": "I can add a text header,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00354-00089232-00089474": "and that would be a visual element that would help", "4sCBos4HSxU-00355-00089474-00089811": "provide some organizational structure to my module.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00356-00089811-00090005": "I can include a link to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00357-00090005-00090423": "an external website or I can choose an external tool.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00358-00090423-00090665": "There are some other software products", "4sCBos4HSxU-00359-00090665-00090791": "that have been developed by", "4sCBos4HSxU-00360-00090791-00091040": "third-party vendors that do integrate with", "4sCBos4HSxU-00361-00091040-00091319": "Canvas. In order to choose an item,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00362-00091319-00091688": "so for example, an assignment, to add to a module.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00363-00091688-00091856": "I can either select", "4sCBos4HSxU-00364-00091856-00092120": "a pre-existing assignment that I've already built,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00365-00092120-00092430": "or I can select new assignment,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00366-00092430-00093156": "title it, and then select the Add Item button.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00367-00093160-00093510": "New items go to the bottom of a module.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00368-00093510-00093797": "These dots at the left side", "4sCBos4HSxU-00369-00093797-00094073": "of the title are sort of like Velcro patches.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00370-00094073-00094202": "I can pick them up to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00371-00094202-00094440": "drag or drop this assignment", "4sCBos4HSxU-00372-00094440-00094607": "or activity that I've added to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00373-00094607-00094826": "my course to a new location in", "4sCBos4HSxU-00374-00094826-00095117": "the module or even drag it to another module.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00375-00095117-00095339": "if I wish. To begin", "4sCBos4HSxU-00376-00095339-00095636": "editing that assignment and configuring the settings,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00377-00095636-00095921": "I simply need to click the title to be taken to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00378-00095921-00096318": "a screen where I will see that familiar edit button.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00379-00096318-00096608": "Clicking this button will take me to another screen", "4sCBos4HSxU-00380-00096608-00096900": "that should be familiar again with a title area,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00381-00096900-00097242": "the text editor, the Canvas content selector,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00382-00097242-00097424": "and then additional settings", "4sCBos4HSxU-00383-00097424-00097715": "options that are appropriate for the assignment.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00384-00097715-00097986": "And each feature that you add to a Canvas site", "4sCBos4HSxU-00385-00097986-00098288": "will have a screen that looks similar to this with", "4sCBos4HSxU-00386-00098288-00098474": "additional setting options or", "4sCBos4HSxU-00387-00098474-00098642": "configuration choices you can", "4sCBos4HSxU-00388-00098642-00098801": "make that are particular to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00389-00098801-00099044": "the functionality of that feature.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00390-00099044-00099305": "There's one additional Canvas feature that", "4sCBos4HSxU-00391-00099305-00099518": "I'd like to spend some time highlighting for you", "4sCBos4HSxU-00392-00099518-00099815": "and that is the Canvas Syllabus feature", "4sCBos4HSxU-00393-00099815-00100007": "and used in concert", "4sCBos4HSxU-00394-00100007-00100253": "with the traditional syllabus document", "4sCBos4HSxU-00395-00100253-00100548": "that you may be accustomed to authoring for your course,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00396-00100548-00100949": "you really get a lot of potential impact and access to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00397-00100949-00101412": "some really time and labor saving features of Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00398-00101412-00101676": "To access the Syllabus feature,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00399-00101676-00101876": "simply click the Syllabus option", "4sCBos4HSxU-00400-00101876-00102087": "on your course navigation bar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00401-00102087-00102218": "I'm going to go back to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00402-00102218-00102490": "my previous course site example", "4sCBos4HSxU-00403-00102490-00102665": "because your Syllabus,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00404-00102665-00102779": "if you have not worked with it,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00405-00102779-00103104": "may be empty or unpopulated at this time.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00406-00103104-00103336": "So I'm going to click the Syllabus feature in", "4sCBos4HSxU-00407-00103336-00103625": "this empty Canvas course shell", "4sCBos4HSxU-00408-00103625-00103799": "to show you what it looks like", "4sCBos4HSxU-00409-00103799-00103988": "the first time you come to see", "4sCBos4HSxU-00410-00103988-00104225": "this feature. At the top,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00411-00104225-00104449": "you'll see an area with a paragraph", "4sCBos4HSxU-00412-00104449-00104706": "in it that's titled Course Syllabus.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00413-00104706-00105144": "And this area also includes that familiar edit button.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00414-00105144-00105392": "So that's cue that you can add", "4sCBos4HSxU-00415-00105392-00105731": "content to this area of any type that you wish,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00416-00105731-00105947": "and I'll go into more detail in a moment.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00417-00105947-00106163": "Underneath you see another heading", "4sCBos4HSxU-00418-00106163-00106313": "that says Course Summary.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00419-00106313-00106512": "And down in this area,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00420-00106512-00106688": "if you add assignments and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00421-00106688-00106905": "graded activities to your course site,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00422-00106905-00107241": "this will automatically begin to populate.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00423-00107241-00107541": "So let's take a look at this in action.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00424-00107541-00107790": "I'm going to return to my sample course site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00425-00107790-00107935": "And in order to access", "4sCBos4HSxU-00426-00107935-00108141": "the Syllabus feature of my course,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00427-00108141-00108523": "I simply select Syllabus off of my course navigation bar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00428-00108523-00108668": "Now on this next screen,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00429-00108668-00108818": "you'll see something very different", "4sCBos4HSxU-00430-00108818-00108996": "than what we were just looking at.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00431-00108996-00109214": "The Course Syllabus heading is still there.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00432-00109214-00109379": "But you can see that I've populated", "4sCBos4HSxU-00433-00109379-00109745": "this area with some helpful information for students,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00434-00109745-00109940": "including a photo of myself and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00435-00109940-00110327": "some contact information that is handy for students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00436-00110327-00110570": "There are three ways I can include", "4sCBos4HSxU-00437-00110570-00110922": "my traditional syllabus into this interface.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00438-00110922-00111237": "And I've shown all three ways in this example.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00439-00111237-00111452": "My recommendation would be that you choose", "4sCBos4HSxU-00440-00111452-00111771": "one that you prefer, not all three.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00441-00111771-00111953": "So one option would be to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00442-00111953-00112238": "include a link to your syllabus,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00443-00112238-00112592": "or another option would be to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00444-00112592-00112783": "recreate your syllabus within", "4sCBos4HSxU-00445-00112783-00113057": "this space by copying and pasting it in.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00446-00113057-00113252": "And a third option is to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00447-00113252-00113531": "embed your syllabus into this area.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00448-00113531-00113760": "So here's the traditional syllabus document", "4sCBos4HSxU-00449-00113760-00113980": "that I have embedded into the screen.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00450-00113980-00114369": "Again, choose the way that works best for you.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00451-00114369-00114665": "To create the syllabus content,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00452-00114665-00114827": "select the Edit button at", "4sCBos4HSxU-00453-00114827-00115036": "the top right corner of the screen.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00454-00115036-00115181": "And we will again return to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00455-00115181-00115400": "that familiar interface where we", "4sCBos4HSxU-00456-00115400-00115759": "have a text editor and the Canvas Content Selector.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00457-00115759-00116039": "So for example, if I wanted to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00458-00116039-00116408": "add my traditional syllabus document to the screen,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00459-00116408-00116588": "I would simply need to type in", "4sCBos4HSxU-00460-00116588-00116860": "the words that I want students to see,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00461-00116860-00117087": "highlight them with my cursor,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00462-00117087-00117293": "upload my syllabus file", "4sCBos4HSxU-00463-00117293-00117476": "into the files area of my course site,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00464-00117476-00117608": "and then when it appears,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00465-00117608-00117749": "I need to simply select", "4sCBos4HSxU-00466-00117749-00118025": "the document and then it will link to the file", "4sCBos4HSxU-00467-00118025-00118182": "that is my syllabus.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00468-00118182-00118373": "When I click the update button,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00469-00118373-00118656": "all my changes will be saved.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00470-00118751-00119006": "At the bottom of the screen,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00471-00119006-00119345": "this site also contains assignments and activities.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00472-00119345-00119655": "So let's return to that Course Summary heading", "4sCBos4HSxU-00473-00119655-00119958": "and now you can see how it has populated with", "4sCBos4HSxU-00474-00119958-00120118": "a listing of the assignments and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00475-00120118-00120314": "activities that are in my course.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00476-00120314-00120520": "And they are listed here", "4sCBos4HSxU-00477-00120520-00120745": "in chronological order by due date.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00478-00120745-00120952": "This is very handy for students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00479-00120952-00121166": "They'll be able to come here at a glance,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00480-00121166-00121487": "see what's coming up in the course and stay on task.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00481-00121487-00121696": "This is done automatically,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00482-00121696-00121895": "so you don't have to do any extra work", "4sCBos4HSxU-00483-00121895-00122081": "to make this list appear.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00484-00122081-00122344": "You simply need to create assignments", "4sCBos4HSxU-00485-00122344-00122654": "or activities or graded events in your course,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00486-00122654-00123119": "attach due dates and this list will take care of itself.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00487-00123464-00123829": "So this Course Summary feature is pretty nifty.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00488-00123829-00123984": "But in addition,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00489-00123984-00124252": "the Canvas Calendar works", "4sCBos4HSxU-00490-00124252-00124504": "in concert with the graded events in", "4sCBos4HSxU-00491-00124504-00124651": "your course and the events", "4sCBos4HSxU-00492-00124651-00124860": "associated with due dates and the activities", "4sCBos4HSxU-00493-00124860-00125254": "with due dates to give you even more bang for your buck.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00494-00125254-00125404": "So let me demonstrate.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00495-00125404-00125602": "Let's go to the Calendar link on", "4sCBos4HSxU-00496-00125602-00125777": "the system navigation bar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00497-00125777-00126047": "That takes me to the Canvas Calendar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00498-00126047-00126516": "Now this screen looks very similar to Google Calendar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00499-00126516-00126739": "You'll see a listing for", "4sCBos4HSxU-00500-00126739-00127039": "a given month of all the activities in", "4sCBos4HSxU-00501-00127039-00127290": "your course and activities", "4sCBos4HSxU-00502-00127290-00127505": "across all of your courses", "4sCBos4HSxU-00503-00127505-00127691": "if you're involved in more than one.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00504-00127691-00127921": "This will also be true for students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00505-00127921-00128138": "Assignments or activities that are", "4sCBos4HSxU-00506-00128138-00128396": "past will be represented with", "4sCBos4HSxU-00507-00128396-00128628": "strike out text and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00508-00128628-00128913": "items that are upcoming will be listed.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00509-00128913-00129168": "The calendar is color-coded.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00510-00129168-00129375": "On the right side,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00511-00129375-00129500": "you will see a listing of", "4sCBos4HSxU-00512-00129500-00129765": "all the calendars that you have access to,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00513-00129765-00130053": "and each one is indicated by a specific color.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00514-00130053-00130343": "You can choose a color by selecting the three dots and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00515-00130343-00130448": "choosing the color that you", "4sCBos4HSxU-00516-00130448-00130645": "prefer for a particular calendar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00517-00130645-00130885": "So each user of Canvas has", "4sCBos4HSxU-00518-00130885-00131198": "an individual calendar and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00519-00131198-00131363": "then a calendar for each of", "4sCBos4HSxU-00520-00131363-00131553": "the courses that they're involved in.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00521-00131553-00131764": "To make a calendar visible,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00522-00131764-00132304": "simply select the square associated with it on the menu.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00523-00132304-00132728": "And to make it invisible, select it again.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00524-00132728-00132914": "So items that are grayed out,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00525-00132914-00133178": "events associated with those courses", "4sCBos4HSxU-00526-00133178-00133364": "will not appear on your calendar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00527-00133364-00133580": "Items that are highlighted and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00528-00133580-00133803": "have a colored tile associated with them,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00529-00133803-00134157": "those events will show up in your course calendar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00530-00134157-00134330": "Now what I really love about", "4sCBos4HSxU-00531-00134330-00134528": "this is that, if you have established", "4sCBos4HSxU-00532-00134528-00134663": "assignments or activities in", "4sCBos4HSxU-00533-00134663-00135015": "your course, and you need to change or update due dates,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00534-00135015-00135148": "it's super easy.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00535-00135148-00135392": "All you need to do is pick up the item,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00536-00135392-00135810": "select it, drag it to a new date.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00537-00135810-00136001": "And now the due date for", "4sCBos4HSxU-00538-00136001-00136193": "that activity has been changed.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00539-00136193-00136487": "Not only has it been changed in the course calendar,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00540-00136487-00136818": "it's also been changed in that Syllabus list,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00541-00136818-00137258": "and it has been changed in the actual assignment itself.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00542-00137258-00137453": "So I can drag and drop and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00543-00137453-00137701": "change it everywhere in the Canvas system.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00544-00137701-00137894": "So it's super handy and very", "4sCBos4HSxU-00545-00137894-00138138": "labor saving for instructors.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00546-00138138-00138312": "Now you may be wondering,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00547-00138312-00138647": "how do I get this information into my Google Calendar?", "4sCBos4HSxU-00548-00138647-00138909": "A lot of us at the university use Google Calendar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00549-00138909-00139109": "We also encourage students to use", "4sCBos4HSxU-00550-00139109-00139333": "Google Calendar to stay on task.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00551-00139333-00139601": "Over here on the lower right side", "4sCBos4HSxU-00552-00139601-00139826": "is a link to a Calendar feed.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00553-00139826-00140031": "If students take this link,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00554-00140031-00140184": "or if you take this link,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00555-00140184-00140502": "copy and paste it and take it into Google Calendar,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00556-00140502-00140945": "there is a place where you can add a calendar by URL.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00557-00140945-00141182": "And if you paste this URL in, then", "4sCBos4HSxU-00558-00141182-00141419": "Canvas events will begin", "4sCBos4HSxU-00559-00141419-00141622": "to appear on your Google calendar.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00560-00141622-00141974": "And that's very handy for staying on task.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00561-00141974-00142313": "Keep in mind that the first time you link this up,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00562-00142313-00142532": "it will take about 24 hours for", "4sCBos4HSxU-00563-00142532-00142700": "the Google servers to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00564-00142700-00142956": "begin communicating with the Canvas servers,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00565-00142956-00143225": "so events won't show up for about a day or so.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00566-00143225-00143351": "But once they do,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00567-00143351-00143531": "then the synchronization is pretty", "4sCBos4HSxU-00568-00143531-00143757": "rapid and you'll be able to stay in sync", "4sCBos4HSxU-00569-00143757-00144008": "between your regular appointment calendar", "4sCBos4HSxU-00570-00144008-00144259": "and the events and activities in your course.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00571-00144259-00144431": "Also, I should point out that in", "4sCBos4HSxU-00572-00144431-00144617": "the upper right hand corner is", "4sCBos4HSxU-00573-00144617-00145026": "this toggle to add an event.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00574-00145026-00145217": "So to the Canvas Calendar,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00575-00145217-00145392": "you can add an event,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00576-00145392-00145785": "an assignment, a graded assignment, a to-do item,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00577-00145785-00145995": "so a task you don't want to forget about,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00578-00145995-00146147": "or an appointment group.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00579-00146147-00146540": "And this features particularly handy if you want students", "4sCBos4HSxU-00580-00146540-00146972": "to be able to sign up individually or in small groups,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00581-00146972-00147299": "for time slots, either to meet with you,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00582-00147299-00147487": "to meet with the course TA,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00583-00147487-00147698": "or even to choose", "4sCBos4HSxU-00584-00147698-00148059": "a time slot to do a presentation in class, for example.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00585-00148059-00148325": "So it has a number of handy features here", "4sCBos4HSxU-00586-00148325-00148716": "that I strongly encourage you to take advantage of.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00587-00148717-00148937": "Let's return again to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00588-00148937-00149177": "our sample course site to look at a couple of", "4sCBos4HSxU-00589-00149177-00149613": "the feature options on the far right hand side menu.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00590-00149613-00149834": "If you'd like to see how your course", "4sCBos4HSxU-00591-00149834-00150032": "will look from a student point of view", "4sCBos4HSxU-00592-00150032-00150210": "there's a very handy feature.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00593-00150210-00150561": "Select the Student View button to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00594-00150561-00150767": "alternate your course display", "4sCBos4HSxU-00595-00150767-00151028": "between the instructor view and student view.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00596-00151028-00151311": "When you do access that option,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00597-00151311-00151476": "the screen will turn pink.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00598-00151476-00151715": "So you'll have this banner across the bottom that will", "4sCBos4HSxU-00599-00151715-00151975": "notify you that you're looking at it to the student view", "4sCBos4HSxU-00600-00151975-00152162": "and this will allow you to go", "4sCBos4HSxU-00601-00152162-00152356": "through the course features.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00602-00152356-00152561": "You can participate in quizzes,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00603-00152561-00152780": "you can select various activities", "4sCBos4HSxU-00604-00152780-00152990": "and participate as a student to get", "4sCBos4HSxU-00605-00152990-00153227": "a really robust preview of what your course", "4sCBos4HSxU-00606-00153227-00153537": "will look like from the student point of view.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00607-00153537-00153713": "To leave the student view,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00608-00153713-00154086": "simply select the button in the far right corner.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00609-00154270-00154655": "Also, if you are looking at the student view and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00610-00154655-00154959": "an item is invisible that should be visible", "4sCBos4HSxU-00611-00154959-00155250": "be sure to double check your publish settings.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00612-00155250-00155672": "And remember also that an item contained in", "4sCBos4HSxU-00613-00155672-00155891": "an unpublished Module will be", "4sCBos4HSxU-00614-00155891-00156119": "invisible even if it is published.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00615-00156119-00156376": "So don't forget to publish your modules", "4sCBos4HSxU-00616-00156376-00156551": "or the contents of", "4sCBos4HSxU-00617-00156551-00156843": "those modules will not be visible to students.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00618-00156843-00157124": "Finally, if you're interested in using", "4sCBos4HSxU-00619-00157124-00157439": "the CEHD template for your course site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00620-00157439-00157709": "If you're working with an empty course shell", "4sCBos4HSxU-00621-00157709-00157908": "and you'd like to begin with the template", "4sCBos4HSxU-00622-00157908-00158222": "as a basis, simply choose the Import from", "4sCBos4HSxU-00623-00158222-00158420": "Commons option. That will take you", "4sCBos4HSxU-00624-00158420-00158640": "to the Canvas Commons area.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00625-00158640-00159030": "This is a community built library", "4sCBos4HSxU-00626-00159030-00159375": "of available, shareable resources.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00627-00159375-00159642": "So there's lots to search through here,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00628-00159642-00160115": "but specifically, to find the CeHD template,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00629-00160115-00160466": "select into the search window and type", "4sCBos4HSxU-00630-00160466-00160932": "in CEHD and we'll be one of the first results.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00631-00160932-00161215": "Simply select the course template.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00632-00161215-00161503": "Choose your site from the menu of courses.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00633-00161503-00161774": "The menu that you will see will be dependent on", "4sCBos4HSxU-00634-00161774-00162149": "the courses that you're enrolled in or have access to,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00635-00162149-00162354": "and then select the Import button.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00636-00162354-00162581": "The process of importing just takes", "4sCBos4HSxU-00637-00162581-00162911": "a few moments. When you return to your course site,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00638-00162911-00163110": "when you navigate back to your course site,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00639-00163110-00163379": "you'll see the template components installed", "4sCBos4HSxU-00640-00163379-00163631": "in your own course site.  When you", "4sCBos4HSxU-00641-00163631-00163847": "feel that your course site is ready for students to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00642-00163847-00164166": "begin interacting with the content and the activities,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00643-00164166-00164352": "select the Publish button.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00644-00164352-00164594": "This will publish your course site and make it", "4sCBos4HSxU-00645-00164594-00164979": "visible to students so that they can begin logging in.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00646-00164979-00165288": "There's a lot more to know about Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00647-00165288-00165496": "Canvas has an array of features,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00648-00165496-00165908": "so let me leave you with some information about how", "4sCBos4HSxU-00649-00165908-00166325": "to move forward in building your course site in Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00650-00166325-00166749": "If you access the Help option on the system menu,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00651-00166749-00167009": "you'll see a number of choices for how to get", "4sCBos4HSxU-00652-00167009-00167313": "support if you run into technical difficulties.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00653-00167313-00167516": "Also, let me draw your attention to", "4sCBos4HSxU-00654-00167516-00167780": "this option to search the Canvas guides.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00655-00167780-00167912": "When you click that link,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00656-00167912-00168357": "you'll be taken to a screen which includes video guides", "4sCBos4HSxU-00657-00168357-00168599": "and there's a particular part of", "4sCBos4HSxU-00658-00168599-00168869": "that menu that is tailored for instructors,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00659-00168869-00169050": "including an overview of a number", "4sCBos4HSxU-00660-00169050-00169308": "of core features of the system.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00661-00169308-00169634": "In addition, our team has developed", "4sCBos4HSxU-00662-00169634-00169805": "a resource to help you learn", "4sCBos4HSxU-00663-00169805-00170031": "more about how to use Canvas.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00664-00170031-00170369": "If you go to our website and", "4sCBos4HSxU-00665-00170369-00170850": "choose Getting Started with Canvas from the Support menu,", "4sCBos4HSxU-00666-00170920-00171248": "you'll find a link to our CEHD", "4sCBos4HSxU-00667-00171248-00171530": "Getting Started with Canvas course site.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00668-00171530-00171800": "And this is a public-facing Canvas site", "4sCBos4HSxU-00669-00171800-00172058": "that you can access without needing", "4sCBos4HSxU-00670-00172058-00172247": "to log in to learn about", "4sCBos4HSxU-00671-00172247-00172550": "the basic features of Canvas and to get", "4sCBos4HSxU-00672-00172550-00172838": "access to more guides and information for", "4sCBos4HSxU-00673-00172838-00173227": "using features like assignments and grade book.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00674-00173227-00173493": "You may also contact", "4sCBos4HSxU-00675-00173493-00173921": "your IT Fellow or a team member for additional support.", "4sCBos4HSxU-00676-00173921-00174375": "Email deiteam@umn.edu."}}, {"audio_id": "4seu1kP493g", "text": {"4seu1kP493g-00000-00000268-00000856": "Sadhguru: Soil is not our property. It is a legacy that's come from previous generations", "4seu1kP493g-00001-00000856-00001440": "and it belongs to these children. We must pass it on in a living condition. Right now, we are", "4seu1kP493g-00002-00001440-00001960": "killing the basis of life and letting them live in that world which will be a horror to exist.", "4seu1kP493g-00003-00001960-00002656": "Yann Arthus-Bertrand: Do we love enough our children, to do that? Do we love them enough?", "4seu1kP493g-00004-00002656-00003256": "Sadhguru: If you love them as your pets, it is not a good thing. Just to keep your emotions", "4seu1kP493g-00005-00003256-00003568": "and your time occupied, \"Choo, choo, choo, choo, moo, moo, moo, moo,", "4seu1kP493g-00006-00003568-00003936": "I love you, I love you,\" that's not enough. If you really love them, you must say,", "4seu1kP493g-00007-00003936-00004384": "\"Let's save the soil,\" because that is a more committed way of expressing your love."}}, {"audio_id": "4seJNC15ByM", "text": {"4seJNC15ByM-00000-00000009-00000498": "So a proverb is a concise statement of an apparent truth, and now comes one more important", "4seJNC15ByM-00001-00000498-00000754": "element, which is currency.", "4seJNC15ByM-00002-00000754-00001256": "We all know 'the early bird catches the worm,' we know 'big fish eat little fish,' we know", "4seJNC15ByM-00003-00001256-00001932": "'a stitch in time saves nine,' but the question always is, are there new proverbs?", "4seJNC15ByM-00004-00001932-00002115": "And there are of course.", "4seJNC15ByM-00005-00002115-00002523": "Take for example some students who happen to be skiers.", "4seJNC15ByM-00006-00002523-00002752": "And they go snowboarding.", "4seJNC15ByM-00007-00002752-00003158": "And if you ask them, what kind of proverbs do you use up on the hill?", "4seJNC15ByM-00008-00003158-00003551": "Well, the new proverb is, 'go big or go home.'", "4seJNC15ByM-00009-00003551-00004007": "My favorite proverb happens to be, 'different strokes for different folks,' popularized", "4seJNC15ByM-00010-00004007-00004681": "by the famous song by Sly and the Family Stone, 'Different Folks' in 1968.", "4seJNC15ByM-00011-00004681-00005362": "And that proverb is so different from hundreds of others in that it does not tell us what", "4seJNC15ByM-00012-00005362-00005746": "to do but rather gives us the freedom of acting the way we want.", "4seJNC15ByM-00013-00005746-00005846": "With one caveat.", "4seJNC15ByM-00014-00005846-00006328": "Different strokes, I always tell my students, 'different strokes for different folks' does", "4seJNC15ByM-00015-00006328-00006522": "not mean you can do whatever you want.", "4seJNC15ByM-00016-00006522-00006952": "There is a certain ethical element that belongs to that equation.", "4seJNC15ByM-00017-00006952-00007538": "But, uh, 'different strokes for different folks' is truly an American proverb that expresses", "4seJNC15ByM-00018-00007538-00008035": "perhaps, uh, the worldview that we in general have in this country."}}, {"audio_id": "4sXus90w42k", "text": {"4sXus90w42k-00000-00000056-00000919": "so here's what we have for today. the new update is that we have passed 360", "4sXus90w42k-00001-00000919-00001792": "comments in just six days, that is an average of over 60 comments every single day, and that's all", "4sXus90w42k-00002-00001792-00002336": "because of me promoting my shorts, and most of it was from just three videos.", "4sXus90w42k-00003-00002400-00002848": "with the majority coming from just the first video i promoted this month.", "4sXus90w42k-00004-00002904-00003664": "thank you for commenting, and i hope you all get approved with nobody hidden, and keep commenting", "4sXus90w42k-00005-00003728-00004144": "because that way, we'll have more comments, and we'll also paint them too."}}, {"audio_id": "4tBSaxEcENk", "text": {"4tBSaxEcENk-00000-00002018-00002735": "This time, the exact time of sundown israel time", "4tBSaxEcENk-00001-00002735-00003684": "Israel is entering a new year", "4tBSaxEcENk-00002-00003722-00004200": "physically we are not descendants of Israel", "4tBSaxEcENk-00003-00004214-00004742": "but as I have said several times,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00004-00004759-00005228": "we are spiritually descended from Israel", "4tBSaxEcENk-00005-00005228-00005711": "being grafted by God himself", "4tBSaxEcENk-00006-00005711-00006000": "so that we can all receive salvation", "4tBSaxEcENk-00007-00006000-00006633": "this should be the main right of the Israelis", "4tBSaxEcENk-00008-00006633-00007384": "like I once preached, there is nourishing sap, there is amazing sap, abundant sap", "4tBSaxEcENk-00009-00007424-00007807": "one of them is the blessing of the new year", "4tBSaxEcENk-00010-00007858-00008728": "every turn of the year becomes a very important time for the Israel nation", "4tBSaxEcENk-00011-00008762-00009183": "because there is a message from God,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00012-00009183-00009978": "which makes the Israelites have to understand what they have to do", "4tBSaxEcENk-00013-00010015-00010664": "I don't have much time to explain right now", "4tBSaxEcENk-00014-00010695-00011352": "maybe next week, or next Sunday", "4tBSaxEcENk-00015-00011352-00012057": "me or Ibu Linda will explain this later", "4tBSaxEcENk-00016-00012057-00012660": "these days, if you look at social media,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00017-00012660-00013200": "there are so many churches and fellowships", "4tBSaxEcENk-00018-00013200-00013472": "those who enjoy,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00019-00013472-00014492": "who want to absorb the blessings of God's chosen nation", "4tBSaxEcENk-00020-00014492-00015205": "so many meanings from Pey Beth.", "4tBSaxEcENk-00021-00015205-00015428": "Pey means mouth", "4tBSaxEcENk-00022-00015428-00015800": "Beth means house or residence", "4tBSaxEcENk-00023-00015836-00016154": "The mouth of God", "4tBSaxEcENk-00024-00016185-00016603": "is being directed specifically to His house,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00025-00016603-00017041": "to His church", "4tBSaxEcENk-00026-00017061-00017400": "so many meanings", "4tBSaxEcENk-00027-00017400-00018202": "but today, I just want to deliver one small part of the meanings", "4tBSaxEcENk-00028-00018202-00018554": "which I think is very important", "4tBSaxEcENk-00029-00018554-00018999": "because in it", "4tBSaxEcENk-00030-00018999-00019447": "there are parts of us", "4tBSaxEcENk-00031-00019464-00019761": "many people prefer to receive this and that blessing,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00032-00019761-00020180": "remember, our law is the law of the agreement", "4tBSaxEcENk-00033-00020208-00020594": "if we don't believe, if we don't do our part, then we can't", "4tBSaxEcENk-00034-00020594-00020718": "for example.....", "4tBSaxEcENk-00035-00020752-00021304": "when we say, I'm not Israeli, then we won't receive the blessing", "4tBSaxEcENk-00036-00021304-00021650": "but if you say yes I believe. then like Isaiah 60,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00037-00021650-00021921": "like a grafted plant...", "4tBSaxEcENk-00038-00021921-00022600": "Isaiah 60's prophecy is about God's church", "4tBSaxEcENk-00039-00022600-00023067": "the youngest is back... that's God's church", "4tBSaxEcENk-00040-00023087-00023400": "so it's for us, the house of God", "4tBSaxEcENk-00041-00023459-00024064": "how can the house of God enjoy the miraculous as Isaiah 60 says?", "4tBSaxEcENk-00042-00024064-00024579": "like it or not, we have to go through this one part", "4tBSaxEcENk-00043-00025028-00025414": "church, this is going to sound uncomfortable.", "4tBSaxEcENk-00044-00025414-00025762": "the illustrations are also a little scary", "4tBSaxEcENk-00045-00025762-00026033": "in 1 Peter 4:17", "4tBSaxEcENk-00046-00026058-00027434": "For it is time for judgment to begin with God’s household;", "4tBSaxEcENk-00047-00027663-00028139": "and if it begins with us,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00048-00028139-00028971": "what will the outcome be for those who do not obey the gospel of God?", "4tBSaxEcENk-00049-00029008-00029492": "Pey Beth is the mouth of God", "4tBSaxEcENk-00050-00029526-00029851": "God is correcting,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00051-00029851-00030257": "God is cleaning", "4tBSaxEcENk-00052-00030288-00030573": "God is working on something", "4tBSaxEcENk-00053-00030661-00031019": "if you pay attention to the meaning of judgment,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00054-00031019-00031435": "it means that God is separating", "4tBSaxEcENk-00055-00031435-00031881": "So that there is a house of God, there is a church of God,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00056-00031881-00032380": "which in God's sight is worthy", "4tBSaxEcENk-00057-00032425-00032868": "who experience the distinction as in Psalm 91", "4tBSaxEcENk-00058-00032914-00033230": "A thousand may fall at your side, ten thousand at your right hand,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00059-00033230-00033499": "but it will not come near you.", "4tBSaxEcENk-00060-00033536-00033872": "Even if you get hit, God will heal you", "4tBSaxEcENk-00061-00033892-00034739": "it will all happen to you if you do this part", "4tBSaxEcENk-00062-00034775-00035093": "we should not become hired servants,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00063-00035093-00035556": "who only want to do something that makes money", "4tBSaxEcENk-00064-00035590-00036111": "things like this that are being cleaned", "4tBSaxEcENk-00065-00036165-00036431": "Surely the day is coming (like it or not);", "4tBSaxEcENk-00066-00036431-00036656": "it will burn like a furnace.", "4tBSaxEcENk-00067-00036656-00036831": "All the arrogant and every evildoer (reckless)", "4tBSaxEcENk-00068-00036831-00037444": "remember, when judgment begins, those who are reckless", "4tBSaxEcENk-00069-00037444-00037888": "will be stubble, and the day that is coming will set them on fire,”", "4tBSaxEcENk-00070-00037888-00038286": "it's all allowed by God", "4tBSaxEcENk-00071-00038342-00038610": "God will make a difference", "4tBSaxEcENk-00072-00038644-00039090": "these days, many people are burnt, disappointed, and angry", "4tBSaxEcENk-00073-00039090-00039317": "the economy is shaken", "4tBSaxEcENk-00074-00039342-00039600": "his life was affected", "4tBSaxEcENk-00075-00039600-00039731": "by the day that came,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00076-00039731-00039836": "says the Lord Almighty.", "4tBSaxEcENk-00077-00039836-00040059": "“Not a root or a branch will be left to them", "4tBSaxEcENk-00078-00040059-00040184": "be careful with this", "4tBSaxEcENk-00079-00040212-00040744": "If you don't repent, you don't realize it, you will burn out", "4tBSaxEcENk-00080-00041024-00041180": "but different in the next verse", "4tBSaxEcENk-00081-00041180-00041653": "But for you who revere my name,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00082-00041653-00042157": "the sun of righteousness will rise with healing in its rays, Amin?", "4tBSaxEcENk-00083-00042157-00042284": "let's read together", "4tBSaxEcENk-00084-00042284-00042441": "change \"YOU\" with \"I\"", "4tBSaxEcENk-00085-00042467-00042700": "But for you ME who fear the name of the Lord,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00086-00042700-00042930": "the sun of righteousness shall rise", "4tBSaxEcENk-00087-00042930-00043218": "with healing in its wings.", "4tBSaxEcENk-00088-00043218-00043766": "I shall go out leaping like calves from the stall And I will go out and frolic like well-fed calves, Amin!!", "4tBSaxEcENk-00089-00043781-00044119": "I prefer to choose this!!", "4tBSaxEcENk-00090-00044165-00044481": "I choose to be cleaned", "4tBSaxEcENk-00091-00044481-00044945": "my choices make me experience unpleasant things,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00092-00044945-00045135": "but I choose to be cleaned", "4tBSaxEcENk-00093-00045135-00045505": "instead of burning up", "4tBSaxEcENk-00094-00046626-00047025": "this is what I want to share these days", "4tBSaxEcENk-00095-00047059-00047518": "we all have to introspect", "4tBSaxEcENk-00096-00047518-00047985": "we all have to be aware of our own lives", "4tBSaxEcENk-00097-00047985-00048094": "why?", "4tBSaxEcENk-00098-00048221-00048518": "because if God says that judgment begins,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00099-00048518-00048802": "then it is God himself who judges,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00100-00048802-00049118": "not humans judging each other", "4tBSaxEcENk-00101-00049118-00049373": "not Christians judge each other", "4tBSaxEcENk-00102-00049373-00050034": "this is wrong! that will burn out", "4tBSaxEcENk-00103-00050065-00050529": "it's not that we judge each other,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00104-00050529-00050952": "but let us each examine ourselves", "4tBSaxEcENk-00105-00051019-00051655": "Often we are keen to see the speck in the eyes of others,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00106-00051655-00052060": "while the log in front of our eyes is invisible", "4tBSaxEcENk-00107-00052060-00052332": "this is dangerous!!", "4tBSaxEcENk-00108-00052389-00052729": "I will give an example of what happens in the house of God", "4tBSaxEcENk-00109-00052845-00053095": "John 21. this is a good story.", "4tBSaxEcENk-00110-00053095-00053387": "When Peter saw him behind them,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00111-00053387-00054234": "he asked Jesus, “Lord, what about him?”", "4tBSaxEcENk-00112-00054288-00054828": "Peter's heart is starting to get bad", "4tBSaxEcENk-00113-00054845-00055218": "Peter's heart began to be polluted", "4tBSaxEcENk-00114-00055264-00055570": "Peter started thinking about himself.", "4tBSaxEcENk-00115-00055570-00055837": "there is a competition", "4tBSaxEcENk-00116-00055837-00056149": "that needs to be cleared by God", "4tBSaxEcENk-00117-00056205-00056362": "I ask you", "4tBSaxEcENk-00118-00056419-00056804": "in Israel culture, when people are familiar, will not mention the term \"him\"", "4tBSaxEcENk-00119-00056883-00057485": "For example, let's say I'm Petrus Hadi, and there's Yohanes,", "4tBSaxEcENk-00120-00057485-00057987": "then if I'm familiar, I'll ask Jesus: \"What happened to Yohanes?\", right?", "4tBSaxEcENk-00121-00058043-00058206": "that is love", "4tBSaxEcENk-00122-00058262-00058433": "but if you use the term \"Him\" ...", "4tBSaxEcENk-00123-00058517-00058891": "as if not a known person", "4tBSaxEcENk-00124-00058928-00059330": "Therefore, to understand the Bible the most difficult thing is to understand what is implied", "4tBSaxEcENk-00125-00059451-00060015": "be careful these days there is critical theology", "4tBSaxEcENk-00126-00060079-00060548": "study theology with the aim of criticizing", "4tBSaxEcENk-00127-00060568-00061386": "I have relatives who study theology in Jerusalem"}}, {"audio_id": "4tPcKWrHxDo", "text": {"4tPcKWrHxDo-00000-00106780-00107280": "Gah! I meant Dr. Hoffman, lol! Clearly I had the secretary in mind. :P"}}, {"audio_id": "4uku7qxOYL4", "text": {"4uku7qxOYL4-00000-00000000-00000627": "you are attracting what it is the magic of manifesting episode number 3 my name", "4uku7qxOYL4-00001-00000627-00001013": "is Chris Duncan can I want to ask you do you find yourself being held back be not", "4uku7qxOYL4-00002-00001013-00001313": "sure why look there's a story of these elephants", "4uku7qxOYL4-00003-00001313-00001776": "huge big amazing elephants tied to the ground by a tiny little stick in a piece", "4uku7qxOYL4-00004-00001776-00002016": "of rope you see when they were just young when", "4uku7qxOYL4-00005-00002016-00002409": "they were small this rope held them back this very small stick this small work", "4uku7qxOYL4-00006-00002409-00002852": "was able to stop them and then they got conditioned they believed that they", "4uku7qxOYL4-00007-00002852-00003314": "couldn't break it so that became a locked-in belief now big huge big strong", "4uku7qxOYL4-00008-00003314-00003797": "elephants they when they get tied to this small rope they have this belief", "4uku7qxOYL4-00009-00003797-00004254": "that held them small when they were just small let me ask you are you like that", "4uku7qxOYL4-00010-00004254-00004605": "elephant where are you still holding yourself small because at one point in", "4uku7qxOYL4-00011-00004605-00005007": "your life you you couldn't do it you couldn't handle it so you said I can't", "4uku7qxOYL4-00012-00005007-00005625": "do that you see a lot of times we ask for our problems to be smaller instead", "4uku7qxOYL4-00013-00005625-00006089": "we should be asking for us to be bigger and then noticing that we're already", "4uku7qxOYL4-00014-00006089-00006590": "bigger and we don't need these small things holding us back anymore one of", "4uku7qxOYL4-00015-00006590-00007034": "the things I notice about all really successful people is that they believe", "4uku7qxOYL4-00016-00007034-00007503": "in a future with no proof in their past I need to say that again so that you", "4uku7qxOYL4-00017-00007503-00007931": "really hear it they believe in a future with no proof in their past you see how", "4uku7qxOYL4-00018-00007931-00008403": "could that possibly be proof in their past about what they're going to achieve", "4uku7qxOYL4-00019-00008403-00008775": "I want you to contemplate that whatever it is that you're trying to achieve", "4uku7qxOYL4-00020-00008775-00009143": "there isn't going to be proof in your past that you can do it otherwise you", "4uku7qxOYL4-00021-00009143-00009597": "would have already done it it's time you take that leap of faith today that's why", "4uku7qxOYL4-00022-00009597-00009903": "you watch this I hope you enjoying the magic of manifesting please like", "4uku7qxOYL4-00023-00009903-00010281": "subscribe share this with some people if it made an impact my name is Chris", "4uku7qxOYL4-00024-00010281-00010600": "Duncan have an awesome day"}}, {"audio_id": "4uqKhUnnTZc", "text": {"4uqKhUnnTZc-00000-00000012-00000474": "foreign", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00001-00000474-00000900": "[Music] good morning folks I just a quick announcement this morning I just got the", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00002-00000900-00001428": "news yesterday and this is probably old news you probably already know about this but you", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00003-00001428-00001962": "know I'm a day late and a dollar short most of the time anyway so I just found out that", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00004-00001962-00002622": "immigration here in the interest of promoting you know immigration into Ecuador immigration", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00005-00002622-00003396": "has decided to lower the cost uh the Visa they've lowered it from 400 bucks to like 270 dollars", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00006-00003396-00003804": "and it's all actually it's a little different depending on what type of Visa you're looking", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00007-00003804-00004494": "for whether it's temporary residency or permanent residency the point is it's all coming down I'm", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00008-00004494-00004974": "gonna put a link in the description to ecosystem where you can go and get more information about", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00009-00004974-00005886": "this Equus is Law Firm right here in Monte Bahia quick Quinto Quito why kill Cuenca", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00010-00005970-00006654": "they can handle everything you need in regards to all your legal services and your immigration", "4uqKhUnnTZc-00011-00006773-00007416": "task getting moved into this country okay that's it for today I will see you on the next one ciao"}}, {"audio_id": "4u_62q6H248", "text": {"4u_62q6H248-00000-00002515-00002752": "Twenty-four years ago I became scuba diver,", "4u_62q6H248-00001-00002752-00002939": "and then three years after that I became religious,", "4u_62q6H248-00002-00002939-00003126": "and started practicing my faith.", "4u_62q6H248-00003-00003183-00003413": "I decided to dress modestly", "4u_62q6H248-00004-00003433-00003586": "according to my faith's principles,", "4u_62q6H248-00005-00003606-00003827": "or some would say I began to wear the hijab,", "4u_62q6H248-00006-00003867-00004120": "but this posed a dilemma for me because I wasn't sure", "4u_62q6H248-00007-00004120-00004384": "how I was going to continue scuba diving now", "4u_62q6H248-00008-00004384-00004464": "that I was covered up.", "4u_62q6H248-00009-00004611-00004884": "This experience really opened my eyes regarding the", "4u_62q6H248-00010-00004884-00005258": "barriers to water activities that Muslim women in particular,", "4u_62q6H248-00011-00005258-00005525": "and modesty conscious women in general face.", "4u_62q6H248-00012-00005578-00005865": "That's when I decided I wanted to contribute a solution", "4u_62q6H248-00013-00005885-00006132": "by expanding the swimwear options in the marketplace", "4u_62q6H248-00014-00006132-00006356": "for modesty conscious women.", "4u_62q6H248-00015-00006406-00006659": "Based on the Islamic definition of modest dress, I knew", "4u_62q6H248-00016-00006659-00006960": "the criteria the swimwear line had to meet and that", "4u_62q6H248-00017-00006960-00007237": "required fabric that did not stick to the body,", "4u_62q6H248-00018-00007237-00007477": "so it had to be quick drying, and it had to become", "4u_62q6H248-00019-00007477-00007774": "unstuck from the body quickly after exiting the water.", "4u_62q6H248-00020-00007774-00008044": "The designs had to be cut so that they were not", "4u_62q6H248-00021-00008044-00008358": "skintight or revealing, and the colors had to be opaque", "4u_62q6H248-00022-00008358-00008531": "so they were not transparent when wet.", "4u_62q6H248-00023-00008725-00009012": "When I first set out to design Splashgear swimsuits,", "4u_62q6H248-00024-00009012-00009315": "I knew that the concept of full body swimwear was so", "4u_62q6H248-00025-00009315-00009806": "alien that my sisters would experience hard stares", "4u_62q6H248-00026-00009806-00010153": "possibly ridicule or mocking or even hostility.", "4u_62q6H248-00027-00010160-00010427": "CNN: Reporter: Armed police stand over a Muslim woman,", "4u_62q6H248-00028-00010427-00010727": "interupting her enjoyment of the French seaside.", "4u_62q6H248-00029-00010727-00011044": "They seem  to order her to remove some of her clothes", "4u_62q6H248-00030-00011054-00011311": "enforcing the so called \"Burkini Ban,\"", "4u_62q6H248-00031-00011311-00011534": "a prohibition of full length swimsuits", "4u_62q6H248-00032-00011534-00011788": "now in place in the coastal city of Nice.", "4u_62q6H248-00033-00011788-00012068": "Shereen: I am very disturbed that Muslim women have been", "4u_62q6H248-00034-00012068-00012425": "targeted for their desire to voluntarily dress modestly", "4u_62q6H248-00035-00012425-00012772": "and their persecution in places such as France,", "4u_62q6H248-00036-00012772-00013016": "Germany, and North Africa, where full coverage", "4u_62q6H248-00037-00013016-00013189": "swimwear has been banned at the pool.", "4u_62q6H248-00038-00013189-00013443": "Why have the local mayors been banning", "4u_62q6H248-00039-00013443-00013593": "the burkini in the first place?", "4u_62q6H248-00040-00013616-00013897": "Well mayors have been citing a wide range of reasons.", "4u_62q6H248-00041-00013897-00014210": "Some have been citing a hygienic reasons, for instance,", "4u_62q6H248-00042-00014210-00014541": "a lot of them have said it's a question of public order", "4u_62q6H248-00043-00014541-00014828": "and security –given the current state of emergency that", "4u_62q6H248-00044-00014828-00015061": "we're still here in here in France,", "4u_62q6H248-00045-00015061-00015251": "in the wake of the terrorist attacks", "4u_62q6H248-00046-00015251-00015472": "Others have gone further though and say that the", "4u_62q6H248-00047-00015472-00015875": "burkini is a symbol of religious extremism and thus", "4u_62q6H248-00048-00015875-00016296": "an insult to France's state secularism – laïcité.", "4u_62q6H248-00049-00016296-00016342": "(Crowd chanting)", "4u_62q6H248-00050-00016342-00016603": "On the streets of London, dozens of protesters gathered", "4u_62q6H248-00051-00016603-00016750": "to express their outrage.", "4u_62q6H248-00052-00016763-00016950": "So as you can see they've set up a makeshift beach", "4u_62q6H248-00053-00016950-00017180": "here outside the French embassy, complete with", "4u_62q6H248-00054-00017180-00017400": "inner tubes, towels, lots of sand.", "4u_62q6H248-00055-00017430-00017701": "Organizers tell me this is an act of solidarity.", "4u_62q6H248-00056-00017701-00017941": "The women ought to be able to make their own choice", "4u_62q6H248-00057-00017941-00018058": "about what they wear,", "4u_62q6H248-00058-00018058-00018281": "whether that be a bikini or a burkini.", "4u_62q6H248-00059-00018281-00018358": "It makes no difference.", "4u_62q6H248-00060-00018411-00018675": "Australian designer Aheda Zanetti says these politicians", "4u_62q6H248-00061-00018675-00018795": "don't understand.", "4u_62q6H248-00062-00018812-00019075": "She designed one popular take on the burkini:", "4u_62q6H248-00063-00019075-00019396": "the top, the bottom, and the hood to promote integration.", "4u_62q6H248-00064-00019396-00019783": "The burkini swimsuit was born in Australia, you know,", "4u_62q6H248-00065-00019783-00020096": "amongst Australian lifestyle, and it was meant to", "4u_62q6H248-00066-00020096-00020513": "integrate within the Australian society, you know.", "4u_62q6H248-00067-00020513-00020740": "We didn't want to be judged upon by Muslim", "4u_62q6H248-00068-00020740-00020877": "non-Muslim and so forth.", "4u_62q6H248-00069-00020877-00021134": "We're just out there to swim.", "4u_62q6H248-00070-00021134-00021388": "The burkini is back on the beach.", "4u_62q6H248-00071-00021388-00021664": "The ban's been overturned in just one resort on", "4u_62q6H248-00072-00021664-00021931": "the French riviera, but it's expected to lead to the lifting", "4u_62q6H248-00073-00021931-00022302": "of bans in all 30 coastal towns that had it in place.", "4u_62q6H248-00074-00022325-00022602": "France's highest court agreed with the argument", "4u_62q6H248-00075-00022602-00022889": "that the ban was a serious and clearly illegal", "4u_62q6H248-00076-00022889-00023143": "violation of fundamental freedoms.", "4u_62q6H248-00077-00023143-00023593": "What I would like to see throughout the world is for any woman", "4u_62q6H248-00078-00023593-00023910": "to be free to cover up during water activities,", "4u_62q6H248-00079-00023910-00024270": "and not be denied her right to participate publicly", "4u_62q6H248-00080-00024270-00024567": "in water recreation while wearing full coverage swimwear."}}, {"audio_id": "4uT0jxjIS3g", "text": {"4uT0jxjIS3g-00000-00003028-00003350": "it's too early in the morning for this", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00001-00004116-00004478": "2019 - where will geocaching take you in 2019?", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00002-00004598-00004970": "it's a surprise you never know with me", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00003-00004970-00005448": "ahhh well at first dave we have a trip", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00004-00005494-00005890": "plan coming up in about two or three weeks doing a Caribbean cruise", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00005-00005890-00006382": "and I think we're on that too you are so there's gonna be a bunch of us is gonna", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00006-00006382-00006806": "be a blast awesome gonna be sun sand and a bunch of geocaches", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00007-00006834-00007352": "are you filming right now? no, not at all, shhh don't tell anybody", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00008-00007352-00007700": "milie where was your caching take you any idea", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00009-00007966-00008238": "another one for milash!", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00010-00008238-00008612": "hey look who i found it's lyriclass. hi how ya doin?", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00011-00008616-00009162": "I'm good  are you awake now I am getting there I'm getting better. he slept all the way here", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00012-00009162-00009768": "question today at first light is where will geocaching take you in 2019 well...", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00013-00009996-00010312": "North and South Dakota? North and South Dakota, cool", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00014-00010312-00010588": "you? Quebec...Quebec!", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00015-00010588-00010838": "jay jay? everywhere...everywhere", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00016-00010896-00011398": "especially up a tree anytime you can", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00017-00011398-00011616": "alright get out there and cache", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00018-00011616-00011816": "oh, i cut you off, oh no", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00019-00011816-00012278": "taking us all over the place okay and I think we're head for deer bait", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00020-00012278-00012797": "at one stage today dear bait? Oh oldest in Ontario right yeah we know", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00021-00012797-00013136": "that one yeah yeah and later in the year I want to get to 10,000", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00022-00013162-00013358": "10,000 where are you now?", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00023-00013358-00013869": "ninety-two million something others we're almost tied awesome I was supposed", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00024-00013870-00014290": "to get ten thousand and twenty eighteen I don't know what happened", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00025-00014290-00014444": "north and south dakota?", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00026-00014444-00014888": "basically just working on my fizzy's now that's all i'm doing", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00027-00014922-00015206": "so are you working on your fizzy's?", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00028-00015206-00015628": "where's geocaching gonna take?", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00029-00016730-00017544": "hopefully it will take me down south to the warm warm islands and maybe off to Texas", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00030-00017544-00017832": "Texas oh the GeoWoodstock in Texas yes", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00031-00018268-00018944": "okay here we got thebruce0 from caching the line where will geocaching take you in 2019?", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00032-00019038-00019466": "to a whole lot of excellent adventuring places excellent adventuring", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00033-00019558-00020154": "outside of Ontario a few times I hope he's gonna start traveling beyond the bounds of the province", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00034-00020154-00020679": "and then maybe back up north to finish some gadget caches Oh", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00035-00020679-00021147": "geocaching capital of Canada yes we have one probably one more day and we'll", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00036-00021147-00021495": "finish that one yeah so yeah that's a video you have look to look for over -", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00037-00021495-00021824": "yep geocaching capital Canada part four", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00038-00022226-00022650": "thanks for the event it was awesome a little early can you move it up next", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00039-00022650-00023076": "year maybe noon ish get the Sun to rise a little later first lunch", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00040-00023076-00023380": "maybe we can get wvcachers up for some lunch poutine", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00041-00023380-00023580": "first lunch there we go", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00042-00023598-00024088": "where's geocaching gonna take kreamer&bearsKrew in 2019", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00043-00024088-00024526": "oh jeez i dunno. haven't made much progress toward that california fizzy", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00044-00024526-00024748": "maybe we better travel", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00045-00025000-00025285": "see birds going over by the light beacon yeah", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00046-00025285-00025650": "they look like pelicans it's beautiful but there not. we didn't get to see a sunrise", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00047-00025650-00026122": "but the Sun is up and there's some lovely clouds in the sky and it's a", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00048-00026122-00026712": "beautiful morning it's a good day to get out and do some caching 2019 is here", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00049-00026804-00027004": "yayyy we made it to 2019", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00050-00027130-00027697": "we did 2018 was okay and we'll see where we're gonna cache", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00051-00027697-00028183": "in 2019 we've got a lot of good adventures coming up we have some cruising and the", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00052-00028183-00028726": "Caribbean so Cache Canada goes cruising in the Caribbean coming up and hopefully we", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00053-00028726-00029502": "can get the Geo Woodstock in Texas we will and we're going to PEI this year so", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00054-00029502-00030081": "I'd like to do some bicycling.. so lots of good stuff coming up and we hope you'll join us", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00055-00030081-00030570": "but get your hot chocolate up cuz it is a cold water yeah and come along for all", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00056-00030570-00030925": "the adventures and we want to hear where you're going leave us some comments", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00057-00030925-00031672": "below and we'll wish you a Happy New Year happy 2019 happy 2019 yeah", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00058-00031672-00031908": "where will geocaching take you?", "4uT0jxjIS3g-00059-00033082-00033478": "Happy New Year yeah"}}, {"audio_id": "4uWMrcXT1UY", "text": {"4uWMrcXT1UY-00000-00000000-00000050": "This will be a quick video, so I apologize beforehand", "4uWMrcXT1UY-00001-00000050-00001230": "so be a deal so I apologize beforehand for a shitty mic and and let's get to it.", "4uWMrcXT1UY-00002-00001230-00001851": "got injured March 11th on a scooter accident it will be out of commission", "4uWMrcXT1UY-00003-00001851-00002313": "for a bit luckily ills on his left arm not his", "4uWMrcXT1UY-00004-00002313-00002714": "right arm which is his aiming arm", "4uWMrcXT1UY-00005-00002833-00003744": "more details you could only blink oh so you can read it yourself", "4uWMrcXT1UY-00006-00004111-00004722": "everyone feared that he was gonna wreck his aiming arm but he did not", "4uWMrcXT1UY-00007-00004727-00005403": "he said I'm not going to just read this I'm gonna leave the link below and I", "4uWMrcXT1UY-00008-00005403-00005870": "will spare you this shitty", "4uWMrcXT1UY-00009-00005996-00006280": "reading job here"}}, {"audio_id": "4vteT7MGOGc", "text": {"4vteT7MGOGc-00000-00007208-00009984": "will be stronger i will be stronger they'll call me", "4vteT7MGOGc-00001-00012040-00012784": "cake", "4vteT7MGOGc-00002-00013663-00014184": "daddy", "4vteT7MGOGc-00003-00014456-00015584": "foreign", "4vteT7MGOGc-00004-00027056-00027064": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "4vtZyJn0NS0", "text": {"4vtZyJn0NS0-00000-00000162-00000741": "Dried Laver, a popular dish these days.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00001-00000741-00001155": "Listen to the crispy seaweed.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00002-00001155-00001653": "Can you hear the crispy sound?", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00003-00001653-00001985": "Mm, it's the best.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00004-00001985-00002085": "It'", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00005-00002085-00003218": "Even the sound of  the dried seaweed flakes.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00006-00003218-00003350": "What did they make it with?", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00007-00003350-00003493": "Let's introduce the ingredients.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00008-00003493-00003776": "Rice paper, seasoned seaweed.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00009-00003776-00004273": "Oil and sesame seeds for waffle machine.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00010-00004273-00005039": "I'm going to prepare dried seaweed with a waffle machine.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00011-00005039-00005139": "OK.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00012-00005139-00006369": "I need to put some oil on it, so prepare a brush for the oil bar.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00013-00006369-00007061": "I messed up the first dish like this.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00014-00007061-00007609": "Failure is the mother of success, so try cooking again.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00015-00007609-00007828": "But it's still crispy.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00016-00007828-00008047": "I think it'll succeed.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00017-00008047-00008376": "Wet the rice paper right away.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00018-00008376-00008939": "Put it on a waffle machine and sprinkle sesame seeds.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00019-00008939-00009139": "And after putting two sheets of seaweed on top,", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00020-00009139-00009760": "I'll take a picture with a waffle pan.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00021-00009760-00011118": "I failed the first time, but I think I'm doing well the second time.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00022-00011118-00011987": "I'm done with the first seaweed that I failed.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00023-00011987-00012884": "Oh, it's a success this time.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00024-00012884-00013315": "Fried seaweed is coming out.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00025-00013315-00013905": "Turn it upside down and cook it crispy again.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00026-00013905-00014005": "Success.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00027-00014005-00014837": "Fold the rice paper to fit the size of the seaweed to make the shape pretty.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00028-00014837-00014937": "Third try.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00029-00014937-00015038": "Press it again.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00030-00015038-00015172": "Front and back.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00031-00015172-00015306": "Press it again.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00032-00015306-00015618": "Finally, dried seaweed flakes are coming out.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00033-00015618-00015718": "Wow!", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00034-00015718-00015818": "Ta-da!", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00035-00015818-00015918": "Everyone!", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00036-00015918-00016195": "I succeeded in making dried seaweed soup in three times.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00037-00016195-00016540": "Now, let's take a large amount of seaweed flakes like a factory.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00038-00016540-00016640": "Go, go.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00039-00016640-00016740": "Repeat hard.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00040-00016740-00016840": "Soaked rice paper.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00041-00016840-00017345": "Put it on top, sprinkle sesame seeds, and put two slices of seasoned seaweed on top.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00042-00017345-00017445": "Cooking, success!", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00043-00017445-00017765": "Rice paper size fits well with a regular waffle machine.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00044-00017765-00018189": "And after doing it, if you fold the rice paper like this,", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00045-00018189-00018595": "I think the shape came out pretty.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00046-00018595-00018958": "I succeeded in cooking with an amazing idea.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00047-00018958-00019134": "Like a crispy snack.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00048-00019134-00019234": "I can just feel it.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00049-00019234-00019334": "Does it look delicious?", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00050-00019334-00019434": "As the heat cools down, it becomes more crispy.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00051-00019434-00019851": "We will continue to print dried seaweed with a waffle pan or a waffle machine.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00052-00019851-00020015": "It's like a factory.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00053-00020015-00020450": "I'm going to use a waffle machine to make dried seaweed flakes.after", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00054-00020450-00020646": "It started, and I can't believe it.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00055-00020646-00020746": "Amazing.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00056-00020746-00021173": "Now, Kim Bu-gak continues to print like a mass factory.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00057-00021173-00021508": "As the number of dried seaweed has increased, my skills have improved.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00058-00021508-00021673": "Rice paper is handled in size freely.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00059-00021673-00021807": "I'm having fun working on it.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00060-00021807-00021924": "It's repeated from the wall.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00061-00021924-00022437": "I want to eat sesame seeds freely.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00062-00022437-00022848": "I want to cook freely.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00063-00022848-00023112": "A fresh dish made with 2 slices of seasoned seaweed.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00064-00023112-00023287": "Fried seaweed is gradually piling up.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00065-00023287-00023445": "The shape is getting prettier.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00066-00023445-00023643": "The horse cook seaweed workshop.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00067-00023643-00023851": "Don't buy expensive dried seaweed.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00068-00023851-00024112": "Make it at home and eat it.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00069-00024112-00024309": "I really like this waffle machine that's really fun and simple.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00070-00024309-00024904": "You can put it in a pretty bowl and eat it as a side dish.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00071-00024904-00025018": "Beer is the best side dish!", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00072-00025018-00025451": "It's good with just the seasoned seaweed, but the rice paper is crispy, too.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00073-00025451-00025889": "It would be really good as a side dish with beer.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00074-00025889-00026283": "Once it cools down, it's more crispy.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00075-00026283-00026383": "Crispy.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00076-00026383-00026619": "Can you hear the sound?", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00077-00026619-00026719": "You can make dried seaweed so simply.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00078-00026719-00027086": "If you have a waffle pan or a waffle machine at home, say it like a horse cook.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00079-00027086-00027335": "It's not hard to make seaweed flakes that everyone can easily make.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00080-00027335-00027623": "For middle and high school children who are playing at home, if you have waffle machines", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00081-00027623-00027825": "at home, simply prepare ingredients and follow along.", "4vtZyJn0NS0-00082-00027825-00028037": "Work hard and make delicious beer for your mom and dad."}}, {"audio_id": "4vWqDih6v6A", "text": {"4vWqDih6v6A-00000-00000781-00001312": "SAILORS AND MARINES FROM THE KEARSARGE AMPHIBIOUS READY GROUP, 26TH MARINE EXPEDITIONARY UNIT", "4vWqDih6v6A-00001-00001312-00001967": "AND EXPEDITIONARY STRIKE GROUP FIVE KICKED OFF EXERCISE EAGER LION 2013 IN AQABA, JORDAN.", "4vWqDih6v6A-00002-00001967-00002424": "FOR EXPEDITIONARY STRIKE GROUP FIVE COMMANDER REAR ADMIRAL BILL LESCHER, THE EXERCISE HAS", "4vWqDih6v6A-00003-00002424-00002557": "A LOT TO ACCOMPLISH.", "4vWqDih6v6A-00004-00002557-00003152": "\"OUR GOALS FOR EAGER LION INCLUDE NUMBER ONE EXECUTING THE PLAN WE'VE PUT TOGETHER SAFELY", "4vWqDih6v6A-00005-00003152-00003682": "AND PROFESSIONALLY WITH TREMENDOUS DISCIPLINE AND THAT'S SOMETHING THIS TEAM DOES VERY WELL.", "4vWqDih6v6A-00006-00003682-00004176": "WE'VE SEEN IT WITH THE LEADERSHIP YOU HAVE ON THE SAN ANTONIO AND THEN MORE BROADLY WITH", "4vWqDih6v6A-00007-00004176-00004576": "THE LEADERSHIP IN THE ARG AND THE MEU AND THE ESG AND MARCENT FORWARD.\"", "4vWqDih6v6A-00008-00004576-00005241": "EXERCISE EAGER LION 2013 IS AN ANNUAL, MULTINATIONAL EXERCISE DESIGNED TO STRENGTHEN MILITARY-TO-MILITARY", "4vWqDih6v6A-00009-00005241-00005770": "RELATIONSHIPS AND ENHANCE SECURITY AND STABILITY IN THE REGION BY RESPONDING TO REALISTIC,", "4vWqDih6v6A-00010-00005770-00005953": "MODERN-DAY SECURITY SCENARIOS.", "4vWqDih6v6A-00011-00005953-00007334": "\"SAN ANTONIO HAS BEEN IN THE  GULF OF AQABA DOING THE SHIP TO SHORE MOVEMENT,", "4vWqDih6v6A-00012-00007334-00008046": "FLYING THE 53'S OFF, INTERGRADING ASHORE WITH THE MEU ELEMENTS FROM THE OTHER SHIPS, IT'S", "4vWqDih6v6A-00013-00008046-00008409": "VARSITY LEVEL OPERATIONS.\"", "4vWqDih6v6A-00014-00008409-00008840": "IN ADDITION TO THE TEAMWORK BETWEEN NAVY AND THE MARINE CORPS THE EXERCISE BUILDS TEAMWORK", "4vWqDih6v6A-00015-00008840-00008956": "INTERNATIONALLY.", "4vWqDih6v6A-00016-00008956-00009682": "\"EAGER LION IS ONE OF OUR THEATER SECURITY OPERATION EXERCISES, AND SO IT ACHIEVES A", "4vWqDih6v6A-00017-00009682-00010263": "FUNDAMENTAL OBJECTIVE OF DEVELOPING THE CAPACITY OF THE PARTNER NATIONS WE WORK WITH IN THIS", "4vWqDih6v6A-00018-00010263-00010682": "AREA OF RESPONSIBILITY AND IT DEVELOPS RELATIONSHIPS AS WELL.\"", "4vWqDih6v6A-00019-00010682-00011088": "FROM THE DEFENSE MEDIA ACTIVITY, I'M PETTY OFFICER AMARA TIMBERLAKE."}}, {"audio_id": "4vWyWAxOA0g", "text": {"4vWyWAxOA0g-00000-00000155-00000789": "Hi, officially everybody. Thanks for joining us today. Welcome to our", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00001-00000789-00001263": "weekly Ask NCAR program. This is the third one that we've done and we're", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00002-00001263-00001563": "doing it every week so thanks for joining us today.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00003-00001563-00002082": "My name is Tiffany and I'm an education specialist at NCAR, the National Center", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00004-00002082-00002505": "for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado and I'm here with my colleague", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00005-00002505-00003057": "James Done today and he's a scientist at NCAR. We're obviously both joining you", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00006-00003057-00003482": "from our homes just like all of you are in your homes. We're continuing to do", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00007-00003482-00003812": "our work and so we thought it would be fun to share some of the work with you", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00008-00003812-00004314": "every week. So that's what we're doing. Each week we meet with someone who works", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00009-00004314-00004628": "at NCAR and we talk to them for a little while and learn about what they", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00010-00004628-00004971": "do in their jobs and then we take questions from you. Anything that you", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00011-00004971-00005376": "want to know about the work that they're doing. One really cool part about working", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00012-00005376-00005793": "at NCAR is that there are so many different kinds of jobs that you can do.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00013-00005793-00006330": "You can be a scientist, but you don't have to be. You can also be an engineer", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00014-00006330-00006792": "or you could be an electrician or a computer programmer or a machinist or a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00015-00006792-00007158": "safety expert. We have all of those people working at NCAR and they're doing", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00016-00007158-00007472": "all their different jobs in order to support the scientific research that's", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00017-00007472-00007920": "happening there. So it's a really cool place. As I mentioned before, we're", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00018-00007920-00008406": "going to use the chat box and we're going to leave microphones and videos off so that", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00019-00008406-00008910": "James can show us some cool stuff with his screen and throughout the program", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00020-00008910-00009324": "feel free to enter any questions that you have into the chat box. I'll be", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00021-00009324-00009665": "keeping an eye on those and I'll share them with James either in little breaks", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00022-00009665-00010286": "throughout his presentation or we might save some questions until the end too. I", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00023-00010286-00010695": "think that's about it. I see that some people have checked in and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00024-00010695-00011147": "said hello in the chat. We've got folks from Thornton and Erie and Boulder and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00025-00011147-00011636": "Longmont and Superior so thanks for joining us. Use the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00026-00011636-00012342": "chat box to enter any questions for James as we go and with that I think I'm", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00027-00012342-00012891": "going to turn it over to James and let him tell us about all the cool stuff that", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00028-00012891-00013244": "he's doing. Great, well yeah, thanks Tiffany", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00029-00013244-00013748": "and hello everyone. Welcome! I'm glad you could all dial in. It's good to be", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00030-00013748-00014141": "here and good to have this discussion with you about hurricanes.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00031-00014141-00014441": "I'm a scientist here at the National Center for Atmospheric", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00032-00014441-00015087": "Research in Boulder, Colorado and my specialty is hurricanes. II like to", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00033-00015087-00015519": "figure out how they work, why they exist, where are they going and how", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00034-00015519-00016045": "are they changing in the future. So before I launch into that I'd like to", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00035-00016045-00016826": "just give you a bit of background about how I got to where I am and how I", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00036-00016826-00017598": "came to be working at NCAR. Okay, well, the accent is from the UK. You might", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00037-00017598-00018048": "have figured that out by now. I grew up in the UK and when I was about", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00038-00018048-00018468": "eight years old my dad was always watching the weather forecasts on the TV", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00039-00018468-00018845": "and I used to find it so boring. I wanted to be watching cartoons or", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00040-00018845-00019329": "something but then when I got to about age 10 I was the one suddenly watching", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00041-00019329-00019745": "the weather forecast. I had to tell my sister to be quiet, she was always so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00042-00019745-00020456": "noisy, and from then on I was hooked. At school I studied math and physics.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00043-00020456-00021087": "That's what I loved and I carried on doing that at university in college and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00044-00021087-00021522": "then I moved over to the US. So if you know anything about British weather", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00045-00021522-00021915": "you'll know it's a bit boring. You guys have all the cool stuff. You have", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00046-00021915-00022454": "hurricanes, tornadoes and we get drizzle and rain so I had to come over here and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00047-00022454-00022901": "experience some real weather. While I was over here I met people at the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00048-00022901-00023301": "National Center for Atmospheric Research and managed to get a job there and I've", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00049-00023301-00023684": "been there ever since. I'd like to tell you a little bit about what I'm", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00050-00023684-00024216": "finding about hurricanes and how they might be changing in the future. As", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00051-00024216-00024731": "Tiffany said, please type in any questions or comments into the chat box.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00052-00024731-00025188": "Okay I'm going to start with this image of a about hurricane making landfall on", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00053-00025188-00025613": "the Florida Panhandle. This was hurricane Michael two years ago", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00054-00025613-00026303": "in 2018. Some of you might remember it. It brought devastating winds, destructive", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00055-00026303-00027206": "storm surge and flooding rains  to Florida and Georgia and Alabama.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00056-00027206-00027725": "Now you might notice something here. The hurricane has an eye and this is quite a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00057-00027725-00028460": "unique feature. So why does this eye exist? If you were to drive into the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00058-00028460-00028856": "center of a hurricane and I'm not suggesting you should but if you do you'll", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00059-00028856-00029458": "experience the winds becoming faster and faster and they would increase up to", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00060-00029458-00029924": "very high wind speeds. In fact, they extend to infinity and nature doesn't", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00061-00029924-00030550": "like infinity so it forms an eye to stabilize the whole storm structure.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00062-00030550-00031307": "Why do hurricanes exist? They get their energy from the warm ocean, where", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00063-00031307-00031789": "the oceans is warm,  and the hurricane sucks out heat and it sucks", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00064-00031789-00032372": "out moisture and this is what fuels that hurricane. So going back to the eye of a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00065-00032372-00032804": "hurricane, here's a cool picture taken by a hurricane hunter aircraft. This", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00066-00032804-00033140": "aircraft actually flew into the middle of the hurricane and they do this quite", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00067-00033140-00033713": "often, alarmingly. They do it to take observations, to give us better", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00068-00033713-00034031": "forecasts of what that hurricane is doing, what it's going to do and where it's", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00069-00034031-00034436": "going to make landfall. This is the cool image inside the eye. You can see", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00070-00034436-00034895": "the sun shining down inside the middle of the storm and it's like a stadium.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00071-00034895-00035489": "It's an area relative quiet surrounded by the fury of these thunderstorms.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00072-00035489-00036041": "James, I have a question about the eye, oh yes, about how big, I'm sorry did you say", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00073-00036041-00036713": "that already? I did not. Good question, yeah so it can vary.  Hurricane Wilma, in", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00074-00036713-00037499": "2005, had the record smallest eye. It was just 2 miles wide but hurricanes out in", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00075-00037499-00037925": "the other ocean basins such as near Japan and the Philippines can be", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00076-00037925-00038543": "huge. It can be 200 miles wide.  They really vary quite a lot. Wow!", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00077-00038543-00038969": "Hurricanes are like breeds of dogs. You get big ones, small ones, angry", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00078-00038969-00039535": "ones and calm ones. They're very different.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00079-00039588-00040021": "Okay, great so how are these hurricanes changing then? We're going to look", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00080-00040021-00040575": "at that here. So can anyone tell me what we're looking at in this stripy figure", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00081-00040575-00041206": "here. So here I'm showing some visualization of some data so you can", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00082-00041206-00041631": "see there's lots of blue colors on the left and lots of red colors on the right", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00083-00041631-00042265": "and we gradually are transitioning from blue to red. So if you want to type in your", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00084-00042265-00042669": "responses I'll give you a few seconds to tell me what you think you're looking at", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00085-00042669-00043615": "here. It's a pretty cool figure when I tell you what it is. Have a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00086-00043615-00044230": "guess. Oh, someone guessed ocean temperatures,", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00087-00044230-00044733": "perhaps. Or sea surface.We had a couple guesses about your surface", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00088-00044733-00045549": "temperatures or another guess with sound waves. Oh good one, yeah. So I like ocean", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00089-00045549-00045971": "temperatures. I should have actually plotted that next time. Next time I do this we'll look", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00090-00045971-00046650": "at ocean temperatures. I'll tell you. This is actually the annual average", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00091-00046650-00047114": "temperature for the United States so it's over the land now and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00092-00047114-00047565": "the blue colors indicate cooler years and the warm colors indicate warmer", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00093-00047565-00048187": "years so you see lots of variability there it goes up and down as we go from", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00094-00048187-00048765": "1985 to 2018 but on the whole there's a trend from blue to red. So", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00095-00048765-00049146": "actually today we're living in a very warmer world than we have done in the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00096-00049146-00049786": "past and this warmer air can hold more water vapor so this is the gas phase of", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00097-00049786-00050271": "water. It can hold more water vapor than cooler air and so the world around us", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00098-00050271-00050841": "today is on average warmer and more moist. So how do we think hurricanes are", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00099-00050841-00051589": "going to change? Well, let's see, oh, these these stripes have gone viral.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00100-00051589-00052075": "You can do fun things with them, even paint your car with them so send in your", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00101-00052075-00052827": "photos of painted cars. Ok, that's right, fun, yeah. So this is how I investigate", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00102-00052827-00053133": "hurricanes that haven't happened.  I want to know what they're", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00103-00053133-00053524": "going to look like in the future and I do that by running computer simulations of", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00104-00053524-00054174": "hurricanes. So I build my own computer simulation and that simulation contains", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00105-00054174-00054720": "all the processes in the climate system. So they're depicted here. So I input the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00106-00054720-00055383": "mathematical equations for clouds, for ocean currents, for rainfall, snowfall,", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00107-00055383-00055839": "sunlight and it's amazing to me how they're just all based on math and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00108-00055839-00056299": "physics. We can code them up so I write them in a language that the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00109-00056299-00056862": "computer simulation understands and feed it to the computer and then I tile", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00110-00056862-00057354": "the Earth's atmosphere. You see all this gridded tile over the Earth and each", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00111-00057354-00057772": "tile contains these mathematical equations and these equations tell us", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00112-00057772-00058182": "where the ocean currents are going. The currents can flow across tiles and we", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00113-00058182-00058672": "have clouds moving across the tiles and I can look forwards in time and this", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00114-00058672-00059145": "simulation tells me what the weather is going to be like tomorrow, five years", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00115-00059145-00059727": "from now, even 100 years from now.  There's a lot of tiles on the Earth so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00116-00059727-00060223": "it takes a lot of computer power and so I'm lucky enough to work with one of the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00117-00060223-00060576": "world's fastest supercomputers. There's an image of it here in the bottom right.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00118-00060576-00061227": "This is NCAR's supercomputer that we do climate research on and this is", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00119-00061227-00061786": "actually based in Cheyenne, WY. So, I can log into this machine and run these computer", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00120-00061786-00062438": "simulations. Okay, so what are these simulations telling us about hurricanes?", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00121-00062438-00063258": "Well we're seeing heavier rainfall. Here's an image of students going", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00122-00063258-00063604": "to school on this bus. I'm not sure I'd want to be on that bus. This is", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00123-00063604-00064113": "in Houston just after hurricane Harvey. Do you remember? Harvey was a world", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00124-00064113-00064810": "record breaker for the wettest storm in southern Texas in the Houston area. It was a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00125-00064810-00065295": "very devastating event and it caused  flooding and storm surge which stops", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00126-00065295-00065769": "the runoff of the freshwater flooding. and the sea levels just", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00127-00065769-00066258": "rose and rose. So why do we think we're seeing heavier rainfall in the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00128-00066258-00066592": "future? What do we know about the atmosphere", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00129-00066592-00067204": "in the future that pertains to rainfall? Does anyone have any ideas? If you", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00130-00067204-00068050": "do, type them into the chat box and we can discuss. One idea that's been shared,", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00131-00068050-00068848": "James, is warmer weather and more evaporation. Exactly I like it, yeah so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00132-00068848-00069339": "the air is warmer and it demands more moisture from the surface so it", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00133-00069339-00069763": "sucks out moisture from the ocean but also from the land so it drives out", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00134-00069763-00070257": "moisture from plants and vegetation and the soil surface so the atmosphere is", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00135-00070257-00070930": "more moist. So yeah, there's more  water vapor to rain out. Good one.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00136-00070930-00071473": "What else are we seeing about future hurricanes? We've seen stronger winds and a good", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00137-00071473-00071941": "example of that was hurricane Michael that came ashore in the Florida", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00138-00071941-00072418": "Panhandle and here's the devastation. Many of the homes completely destroyed,", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00139-00072418-00072864": "apart from these homes here, these were actually built within the past 5 years.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00140-00072864-00073458": "They were built to be stronger and they can withstand stronger winds.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00141-00073458-00073932": "Either way, it's pretty devastating to this community. So why do we think the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00142-00073932-00074329": "winds are now stronger than they ever were and we think they're going to get", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00143-00074329-00075120": "even stronger in the future, what's going on here? If you'd like to type any", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00144-00075120-00075636": "ideas or if you know the answer type it into the chat box.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00145-00076010-00076622": "Waiting to see if there are any other ideas. One idea that came in is a warmer", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00146-00076622-00077125": "ocean, there's another question saying are there stronger winds when there's", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00147-00077125-00077969": "warmer weather? You guys know all the answers, that's great. Not only is", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00148-00077969-00078457": "the atmosphere warming, the oceans are warming too. In fact, the oceans", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00149-00078457-00078883": "have a long memory so once they start to warm it's very difficult to stop them", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00150-00078883-00079456": "and because the oceans are warmer there's more fuel for the hurricane and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00151-00079456-00079985": "that fuel drives the circulation of the vortex of the hurricane. So yes, there's a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00152-00079985-00080488": "direct relationship there between warmer oceans and stronger hurricanes and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00153-00080488-00080960": "in fact, for this year, the current ocean temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico are", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00154-00080960-00081658": "warmer than normal. So forecasts for this year of more frequent hurricanes", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00155-00081658-00082638": "and stronger than average so we'll have to see what happens this year. Okay so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00156-00082638-00083210": "finally we're also seeing higher storm surge. So storm surge is the process", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00157-00083210-00083782": "whereby the strong winds of the hurricane pushes the ocean around and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00158-00083782-00084202": "actually builds the ocean up higher and then when the hurricane comes ashore", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00159-00084202-00084722": "that high water just spills out over the land. It can do so very rapidly.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00160-00084722-00085181": "We've always experienced storm surge but why are we seeing higher storm surge", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00161-00085181-00085697": "than ever before and why do we expect even higher storm surge in the future.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00162-00085697-00087049": "If you have any ideas please type away. So what do we know about sea levels?", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00163-00087266-00087501": "Anyone want to share an idea?", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00164-00087758-00088350": "I'm seeing an idea about sea surface temperature anomalies by latitude and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00165-00088350-00089048": "higher sea levels due to warming and then somebody mentioned expanding water.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00166-00089048-00089745": "Does water expand? mm-hmm yep, oh great, like I say, you know all the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00167-00089745-00090348": "answers. That's great. So we know the oceans are warming and a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00168-00090348-00090924": "a warmer parcel of water occupies a greater volume than a cool parcel and so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00169-00090924-00091341": "yes, there's thermal expansion of the ocean. There they're occupying a greater", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00170-00091341-00091914": "volume and so they rise. We also have the melting of land ice so the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00171-00091914-00092466": "atmosphere's warmer and it leads to more melting of ice caps that then the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00172-00092466-00092766": "meltwater flows into the ocean so there's actually more water. Not only is", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00173-00092766-00093213": "it taking up a greater volume but there's more of it so sea levels are", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00174-00093213-00093846": "higher. The Gulf of Mexico has risen about 30 inches in the past 50 years or so and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00175-00093846-00094326": "has rapidly lead to land loss and higher sea levels so whenever a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00176-00094326-00094845": "hurricane comes along it is riding on top of higher bass sea level state then", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00177-00094845-00095901": "it used to. So now what about the numbers of hurricanes. Do we do expect", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00178-00095901-00096386": "more or fewer hurricanes in the future?", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00179-00096461-00096981": "The answer, I'll tell you, is we just don't know. You think we would know so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00180-00096981-00097317": "this is one of these questions that have got me interested in hurricane science.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00181-00097317-00097932": "There must be an answer and you think you know the oceans are warmer and they", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00182-00097932-00098333": "expect it to continue to warm so why doesn't this lead to more", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00183-00098333-00098643": "hurricanes? Well, hurricanes are not just responding", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00184-00098643-00099033": "to the ocean temperatures but also what else is happening in the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00185-00099033-00099618": "environment. Other weather systems can interfere with hurricanes and rip them apart and we don't", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00186-00099618-00099999": "know how these other weather systems are changing just yet so there's lots of things", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00187-00099999-00100649": "to consider. Here I'm just showing you an image of historical hurricane tracks and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00188-00100649-00100989": "colored by wind speed just to give you an idea where", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00189-00100989-00101436": "they prowl around over the global oceans, mainly in the tropics but they", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00190-00101436-00102151": "occasionally extend outwards and impact the USA, Japan, China, Australia,", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00191-00102151-00102734": "Madagascar and so yeah, there's lots of open questions in hurricane science. In", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00192-00102734-00103118": "fact, one of the most intriguing questions that's been hanging around for", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00193-00103118-00103820": "about 30 years is why are there about 50 hurricanes every year in the world?", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00194-00103820-00104444": "Why not five, why not 5,000. We just don't know so I need you guys to become a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00195-00104444-00105116": "scientist and help us all figure it out. There's lots to learn here.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00196-00105119-00105591": "Great, well I think that about wraps up what I wanted to discuss with you all", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00197-00105591-00106108": "today. Hopefully it's got you all thinking about hurricanes and - please", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00198-00106108-00106845": "carry on with the Q&A and let's continue the discussion about hurricanes. Great, so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00199-00106845-00107316": "I've got a question to share with you and I'll invite everybody else to keep", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00200-00107316-00107574": "entering your questions, anything that you'd like to ask James about his work", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00201-00107574-00108034": "or about hurricanes. Right now, James, a question that came in about", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00202-00108034-00108540": "prediction and the idea that they're predicting a more active hurricane", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00203-00108540-00108858": "season this year and is there more that goes into that", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00204-00108858-00109529": "prediction than just following kind of the warmer temps. this summer. Yeah, so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00205-00109529-00110042": "people have been making seasonal hurricane forecasts for decades now and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00206-00110042-00110457": "we use a variety of approaches so we have these computer simulations that I", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00207-00110457-00110867": "discussed. We can run those simulations and we usually run them", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00208-00110867-00111246": "hundreds of times under different scenarios to try and get a handle of", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00209-00111246-00111708": "them and what's going on and then we also look at past years so we look at past", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00210-00111708-00112104": "years that are similar to this year and look at what hurricanes occurred in", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00211-00112104-00112797": "previous years and it's like an analogue year to what might happen this year.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00212-00112797-00113289": "All these techniques, they incorporate hundreds of different processes so not", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00213-00113289-00113622": "just the warm oceans, but like I say,  they do incorporate these other weather", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00214-00113622-00114066": "systems that could interfere. They incorporate even things like sea ice", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00215-00114066-00114728": "that can interfere with the whole global circulation and that's why there's", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00216-00114728-00115442": "usually a large range in the prediction. Great and here's another. I think", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00217-00115442-00115829": "this is going back to your last slide about the fifty hurricanes and why are", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00218-00115829-00116501": "there fifty hurricanes in general per year and somebody is asking is that", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00219-00116501-00116871": "number of hurricanes an average that", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00220-00116871-00117533": "hasn't changed over time? Oh nice question, hurricanes are", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00221-00117533-00118038": "actually a subset of a more generic term that we call tropical cyclones so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00222-00118038-00118497": "tropical cyclones includes tropical storms, hurricanes, and major hurricanes", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00223-00118497-00119007": "and there's about 90 of those every year and 50 of those tropical storms become", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00224-00119007-00119366": "strengthened to become hurricanes so those two numbers have stayed about", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00225-00119366-00119877": "level but interestingly, in the past 10 15 years, it started to go down a little", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00226-00119877-00120378": "bit so we're trying to figure out if it's gonna continue to go down or if it", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00227-00120378-00120801": "might go back up to 50 and 90 again so there's interesting things happening at", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00228-00120801-00121299": "the moment. It's a dynamic and interesting time to figure out how the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00229-00121299-00121908": "climate works. Absolutely, and one thing that I know many of us have", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00230-00121908-00122448": "heard is that with the changes in global climate and warming", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00231-00122448-00122883": "temperatures in general we're not necessarily looking at more hurricanes", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00232-00122883-00123449": "every season but more intense ones. Is that accurate?", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00233-00123449-00124010": "Yes that is definitely the case.  On average they'll be more intense", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00234-00124010-00124524": "but we don't know whether in addition there will be more overall or fewer overall", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00235-00124524-00124875": "but any hurricane that comes along on average will be more intense than it", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00236-00124875-00125547": "used to be. I've got another question about your background, your", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00237-00125547-00126095": "experience. Where did you go to school and and what did you study in school.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00238-00126095-00126566": "Well, I was lucky enough to go to the University of Reading in the UK and so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00239-00126566-00127055": "that's just a half an hour train ride outside of London and that's one of the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00240-00127055-00127521": "best schools in the world to study atmospheric science so I had an interest", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00241-00127521-00128099": "in meteorology, math and physics and so it was a", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00242-00128099-00128651": "natural place for me to go. I stayed there for probably far too long and then I", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00243-00128651-00129077": "came out into the real world and got a job. That was a good school to go", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00244-00129077-00129701": "to but if anyone's interested in good schools to go to in in the U.S. then I", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00245-00129701-00130265": "can talk to them afterwards.  Great and someone else asks if you", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00246-00130265-00130850": "yourself have been near or in a hurricane. Oh that's a good question. You", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00247-00130850-00131237": "think given that I talk so much about hurricanes that I would have experienced", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00248-00131237-00131954": "one but no, I never have and I'm not sure I would want to. Sometimes you", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00249-00131954-00132360": "see weather forecasters on the beach, you know, on the Weather Channel. They're", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00250-00132360-00132701": "claiming to be in a hurricane that if they were actually in", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00251-00132701-00133124": "a hurricane I don't think they'll be able to stand up on the beach so I'm not", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00252-00133124-00133908": "sure I don't want to experience one directly but it's valuable to", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00253-00133908-00134374": "collect data on them to improve the science so I work behind the scenes.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00254-00134374-00134912": "Well and then that leads to another question that I got in and you've", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00255-00134912-00135254": "described some of it. How do you study hurricanes when you're living", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00256-00135254-00135728": "in Boulder, Colorado where we don't have any hurricanes. It's a safe place to be", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00257-00135728-00136698": "yeah and we as researchers, we're lucky, we can log in to any any database or", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00258-00136698-00137192": "any computer server or supercomputer from anywhere in the world and I can", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00259-00137192-00137600": "even log on to the supercomputer with my phone so it doesn't really matter", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00260-00137600-00137960": "where you are. You have access to the data and data collection", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00261-00137960-00138655": "instrumentation and the model, the computer simulations so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00262-00138655-00139403": "location is not the primary importance. You mentioned the", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00263-00139403-00139730": "supercomputer. That took me back to a question that we got earlier about", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00264-00139730-00140186": "what's the difference between a regular computer and a supercomputer? I mean it", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00265-00140186-00141093": "sounds cool. Yeah, apart from sounding cool, well,it is pretty cool. The one housed in", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00266-00141093-00141788": "Cheyenne, Wyoming, if you look at it is in this huge, room and it's like", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00267-00141788-00142386": "corridors of machines stacked together so it's effectively the same if", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00268-00142386-00142923": "there's 70,000 desktops all put together. You know how fast your desktop", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00269-00142923-00143355": "computer is and so if you connect  70,000 of them together then it's", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00270-00143355-00144012": "very fast so we can do lots of great science on it. Great, well it's just", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00271-00144012-00144540": "about time to wrap up but this is an interesting question, I think, to finish", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00272-00144540-00144864": "up, unless anybody else has  other ones, do you have a favorite", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00273-00144864-00145953": "hurricane? mm-hmm that's a good one. There was a very interesting one probably not", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00274-00145953-00146526": "many people have heard about it unless you were in it. Humberto. The interesting", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00275-00146526-00147099": "thing about it was it exploded in intensity right next to the coast so no", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00276-00147099-00147594": "one really thought much about it. It was just a very weak area of thunderstorms", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00277-00147594-00147963": "in the Gulf of Mexico and then it really exploded to be a hurricane right before", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00278-00147963-00148437": "landfall on the Texas coast and it caught everyone by surprise and so", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00279-00148437-00148785": "that's an interesting question. Are we going to experience more of", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00280-00148785-00149160": "these exploding hurricanes right at the coast? There are very many challenges for", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00281-00149160-00149582": "emergency managers to deal with these kind of things. This is why we need to", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00282-00149582-00150038": "improve our forecasts and improve our understanding of what's going on.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00283-00150038-00150813": "Absolutely, okay, well it looks like our questions have slowed and that's", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00284-00150813-00151296": "probably pretty good timing because it's been about 25 minutes so I would just", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00285-00151296-00151746": "like to say thank you, James, for joining us today and sharing some of your work.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00286-00151746-00152172": "And I'd like to say thanks to everybody for for joining us and asking your", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00287-00152172-00153120": "interesting questions. I am going to put in the chat, real quick, that we do, like I", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00288-00153120-00153665": "mentioned at the beginning, we'd do an Ask NCAR like this every week now and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00289-00153665-00154295": "next week it'll be on Wednesday as well and I'm putting into the chat right now", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00290-00154295-00154628": "the link to our webpage on virtual programming.", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00291-00154628-00155111": "That's where you can find the schedules and the zoom links for upcoming programs", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00292-00155111-00155549": "and if anybody is interested I'm going to put one more link in that takes you", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00293-00155549-00156251": "to a more general page where we've got lots of educational resources. We've got", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00294-00156251-00156812": "activities and lessons and information and videos all about the atmosphere and", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00295-00156812-00157538": "the Sun and air and weather and climate so feel free to get on there for more", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00296-00157538-00158009": "resources and hopefully some of you will join us next week for our next one. Next", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00297-00158009-00158392": "week we'll have somebody telling us about her adventures doing some weather", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00298-00158392-00158954": "research in Argentina so that's gonna be a fun one too and James, thanks so much", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00299-00158954-00159365": "for joining us. Great stuff, thanks everyone, great questions. And", "4vWyWAxOA0g-00300-00159365-00159871": "thanks for coming today. Bye bye everybody. Bye."}}, {"audio_id": "4vZRxRAaqLA", "text": {"4vZRxRAaqLA-00000-00000000-00000200": "super profit method"}}, {"audio_id": "4wR0fQiC0k4", "text": {"4wR0fQiC0k4-00000-00000000-00000200": "Hifzul Quran Tilawat", "4wR0fQiC0k4-00001-00000200-00062435": "হিফজুল কোরআন তিলাওয়াত", "4wR0fQiC0k4-00002-00062435-00143306": "হাফেজ হাসিবুর রহমান - 2021", "4wR0fQiC0k4-00003-00143306-00143506": "১৯ তম পারা"}}, {"audio_id": "4xkVdE6l3vU", "text": {"4xkVdE6l3vU-00000-00000000-00000377": "Smart cities provide us with living", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00002-00000378-00000563": "breathing data that can help improve our", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00004-00000564-00000875": "lives. By leveraging new technologies like", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00006-00000876-00001082": "Internet of Things sensors and mobile", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00008-00001083-00001331": "devices, we can truly make a city more", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00010-00001332-00001589": "sustainable and responsive, revealing", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00012-00001590-00001757": "information for things like how we", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00014-00001757-00002026": "commute, energy efficiency, and even", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00016-00002027-00002321": "creating safer neighborhoods. New bus", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00018-00002322-00002534": "lines can be created, vehicles can be", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00020-00002535-00002734": "connected and traffic flow can be", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00022-00002735-00003113": "improved. In a smart city, GPS becomes", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00024-00003114-00003340": "integrated with our city grid, changing", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00026-00003342-00003538": "all traffic lights to green for EMS", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00028-00003539-00003781": "vehicles, street lights illuminate our", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00030-00003782-00004036": "sidewalk - entirely based on optimal", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00032-00004037-00004322": "travel times, and implementing citywide", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00034-00004323-00004570": "Wi-Fi to keep us connected to reveal the", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00036-00004571-00004720": "way we move about city infrastructure.", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00038-00004721-00005042": "Things like smart waste management means", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00040-00005043-00005291": "more efficient city services and public", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00042-00005292-00005579": "Wi-Fi with integrated data analytics can", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00044-00005580-00005770": "also enhance social program management", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00046-00005771-00005972": "and responses, as well as real-time", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00048-00005973-00006251": "public health challenges. Smart cities", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00050-00006252-00006439": "create smart citizens by enabling", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00052-00006440-00006595": "distant learning and research", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00054-00006597-00006703": "opportunities.", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00056-00006704-00006997": "That's a smart city. We're not there yet", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00058-00006998-00007372": "but we can be. We have to do it together.", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00060-00007373-00007588": "The district is working hard to provide", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00062-00007589-00007770": "residents access to online resources", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00064-00007772-00008113": "through responsive public Wi-Fi. We're", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00066-00008114-00008356": "working with major universities to tap", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00068-00008357-00008557": "into advanced research services and", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00070-00008558-00008773": "share knowledge, and to advance health", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00072-00008774-00009025": "care through connected devices. We're busy", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00074-00009026-00009187": "creating intelligent and efficient", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00076-00009188-00009415": "buildings, reducing costs and improving", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00078-00009416-00009733": "functionality. This will optimize city", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00080-00009734-00009937": "resources and assets and improve our", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00082-00009938-00010066": "city services.", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00084-00010067-00010270": "We're working on the utilities that", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00086-00010271-00010492": "monitor water levels provide real-time", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00088-00010493-00010726": "detection and initiate immediate", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00090-00010727-00011002": "response all while detecting viruses and", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00092-00011003-00011251": "wastewater to support public health. We're", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00094-00011252-00011455": "even testing smart sewage technology", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00096-00011456-00011674": "that can detect infectious diseases and", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00098-00011675-00011910": "predict and prevent future outbreaks. And", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00100-00011911-00012064": "that's just the start.", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00102-00012065-00012304": "Let's make DC the smartest city it can", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00104-00012305-00012505": "be.", "4xkVdE6l3vU-00105-00012524-00013541": "[Shows Smarter DC logo, agency and corporate partner logos and website smarter.dc.gov]"}}, {"audio_id": "4xppXDYYoK8", "text": {"4xppXDYYoK8-00000-00000000-00000200": "Deep Sleep Music, Relaxing Music, Stress Relief Music"}}, {"audio_id": "4xsXoiEVJP8", "text": {"4xsXoiEVJP8-00000-00000100-00000508": "(male narrator) So suppose a stock drops in value by 60% one week", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00001-00000508-00000902": "and then increases in value the next week by 75%.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00002-00000902-00001203": "Is the value higher or lower than when it started?", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00003-00001203-00001501": "So this is, uh...an issue of combining percents,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00004-00001501-00001701": "and it's really tempting to say,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00005-00001701-00001908": "oh, it drops by 60%, increases by 75%.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00006-00001908-00002106": "It must be 15% up.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00007-00002106-00002404": "Unfortunately, that's not the way percents work,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00008-00002404-00002605": "because the base changes in each case.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00009-00002605-00002805": "So let's start and imagine that our...", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00010-00002805-00003103": "the value of our stock starts at $100.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00011-00003103-00003604": "So at the end of the first week, the-the value drops by 60%.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00012-00003604-00004006": "So we could either say, I have my 100%,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00013-00004006-00004503": "and I decrease by 60% of my 100.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00014-00004503-00004907": "Or in other words, I drop by $60, gives me $40.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00015-00004907-00005107": "Or alternatively, we could've said", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00016-00005107-00005704": "that decreasing by 60% is the same as keeping 40%.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00017-00005704-00006109": "So we could've said, $100--I'm keeping 40%.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00018-00006109-00006503": "Get to the same thing, but either way works.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00019-00006503-00006608": "So here we go.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00020-00006608-00006807": "At...we...after... the first week,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00021-00006807-00007205": "the value has dropped by $60, by 60%,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00022-00007205-00007506": "and we're left with $40 in value.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00023-00007506-00008002": "So the next week, the value is gonna increase by 75%,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00024-00008002-00008300": "but the base has changed.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00025-00008300-00008602": "We're now increasing by 75%--", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00026-00008602-00009007": "not of the original hundred, but of the new value.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00027-00009007-00009304": "And because the base has changed,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00028-00009304-00009409": "the result is gonna change.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00029-00009409-00010103": "So 75% of $40 is only $30.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00030-00010208-00010503": "So it turns out after two weeks,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00031-00010503-00010805": "the value of my stock is only $70.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00032-00010805-00011205": "It is, in fact, 30% lower...", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00033-00011402-00011606": "than where it started.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00034-00012007-00012202": "Okay, and this is really important", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00035-00012202-00012405": "when you are shopping, for example.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00036-00012405-00012609": "And, uh...you know, you see the-the items", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00037-00012609-00012909": "that are, you know, on clearance for 50%,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00038-00012909-00013009": "and then the sign says,", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00039-00013009-00013309": "\"And this week, take an additional 50% off.\"", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00040-00013309-00013602": "Well, that doesn't mean you get it for free, right?", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00041-00013602-00013906": "'Cause they take the first 50%, and then you...", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00042-00013906-00014300": "the second discount is 50% of that sale price.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00043-00014300-00014500": "You end up paying a quarter.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00044-00014500-00014701": "Uh...you don't get it for free.", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00045-00014701-00014904": "So that's an important thing to remember--", "4xsXoiEVJP8-00046-00014904-00015204": "that the base changes when you combine percents."}}, {"audio_id": "4xJrDTnAbuI", "text": {"4xJrDTnAbuI-00000-00000000-00000127": "You're going home early?", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00001-00000127-00000253": "There are no customers.", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00002-00000253-00000344": "I'll go first.", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00003-00000344-00000760": "(GO HOME)", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00004-00001157-00001318": "You're not sleeping yet?", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00005-00001318-00001433": "Surprise~", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00006-00001433-00001705": "Happy birthday to you.", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00007-00001705-00002019": "(Surprise party)", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00008-00002019-00002271": "wowowo~", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00009-00002271-00002500": "Thank you so much.", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00010-00002500-00002787": "(?)", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00011-00002787-00002873": "mom...", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00012-00002873-00003100": "(???)", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00013-00003100-00003388": "PARK JUNG JA", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00014-00003388-00003846": "Happy birthday(?)", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00015-00003846-00004043": "(?)", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00016-00004043-00004139": "(CLAB)", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00017-00004139-00004304": "Wind!", "4xJrDTnAbuI-00018-00004304-00004411": "hoo~"}}, {"audio_id": "4y2TwozfKW8", "text": {"4y2TwozfKW8-00000-00000024-00000408": "90 of all millionaires got wealthy through real estate", "4y2TwozfKW8-00001-00000408-00000840": "and in today's video i'm going to show you how to buy your first rental property", "4y2TwozfKW8-00002-00001536-00002072": "what's going on guys it's uzziah your success strategist and now is the time", "4y2TwozfKW8-00003-00002072-00002592": "for you to start building wealth now is the time for you to start making passive income", "4y2TwozfKW8-00004-00002592-00003064": "and that's exactly what you're going to learn how to do in today's lesson by the time you're", "4y2TwozfKW8-00005-00003064-00003647": "done watching this video you'll know exactly how to own an investment property step by step", "4y2TwozfKW8-00006-00003647-00004192": "and you'll have the best secrets on what to do before and after you've bought the property so", "4y2TwozfKW8-00007-00004192-00004856": "that you can maximize your investment for years to come all you need to do is smash that like button", "4y2TwozfKW8-00008-00004856-00005352": "because that'll help me make more real estate videos just like this the first", "4y2TwozfKW8-00009-00005352-00005992": "step towards buying your first rental property is building your credit your credit will make or", "4y2TwozfKW8-00010-00005992-00006608": "break you when it comes to being approved for a mortgage in my experience the most painful", "4y2TwozfKW8-00011-00006608-00007223": "part of closing on a property is dealing with an underwriter an underwriter tries to find", "4y2TwozfKW8-00012-00007223-00007784": "any reason possible to deny you from getting a loan and the underwriter will always try to", "4y2TwozfKW8-00013-00007784-00008400": "deny you based on your credit history it's not enough that you're making good decisions today", "4y2TwozfKW8-00014-00008400-00008984": "when it comes to your money even decisions that you made as far as 10 years ago could come back", "4y2TwozfKW8-00015-00008984-00009472": "to bite you so it's very important that you clean up your credit so that you don't waste", "4y2TwozfKW8-00016-00009472-00010032": "time going through this process you can order a free copy of your credit report once a year", "4y2TwozfKW8-00017-00010032-00010592": "and i recommend that you review your report just to see how everything looks before applying for", "4y2TwozfKW8-00018-00010592-00011240": "a loan i can't stress this enough because every time i've gone through a process of closing on", "4y2TwozfKW8-00019-00011240-00011856": "a property the underwriter has always come back with something crazy uzia did you know", "4y2TwozfKW8-00020-00011856-00012344": "that your parent put your name on a loan while you were a teenager uzziah remember this address", "4y2TwozfKW8-00021-00012344-00012928": "that you were living at back in 2010 your credit report shows that you're still living there what", "4y2TwozfKW8-00022-00013128-00013784": "bro what are you talking about man i'm stripping this was always the most annoying part of the", "4y2TwozfKW8-00023-00013784-00014312": "process because it would always push back the closing date and i would have to write these", "4y2TwozfKW8-00024-00014312-00014872": "letters and give all of these reasons as to why the things they were bringing up had absolutely", "4y2TwozfKW8-00025-00014872-00015424": "nothing to do with my credit history so i highly suggest that you get in front of this today so", "4y2TwozfKW8-00026-00015424-00016000": "that you can make the process of buying your first rental property as smooth as possible you", "4y2TwozfKW8-00027-00016000-00016536": "may not know this but there are common errors and mistakes that are found on people's credit", "4y2TwozfKW8-00028-00016536-00017200": "reports all the time i highly recommend that you get your credit score to a 750 or higher", "4y2TwozfKW8-00029-00017200-00017792": "this will help you get the best interest rates on your mortgage now don't worry it's not impossible", "4y2TwozfKW8-00030-00017792-00018424": "to buy a rental property if you have lower credit but it does make the process a little bit harder", "4y2TwozfKW8-00031-00018424-00019056": "in fact when the lockdowns first started happening in early 2020 chase bank required that you had", "4y2TwozfKW8-00032-00019056-00019840": "a 700 credit score along with a 20 down payment just to qualify the best way that you can qualify", "4y2TwozfKW8-00033-00019840-00020520": "for an underwriter is to have three successful trade lines on your credit report this includes", "4y2TwozfKW8-00034-00020520-00021240": "two credit cards and either one auto loan a student loan or an installment loan this", "4y2TwozfKW8-00035-00021240-00021792": "will show them that you have good history when it comes to handling major lines of credit you also", "4y2TwozfKW8-00036-00021792-00022296": "want to show that these accounts have been in good standing for at least six months or longer", "4y2TwozfKW8-00037-00022296-00022936": "so that you can show that you have an established credit history on your report now you don't have", "4y2TwozfKW8-00038-00022936-00023528": "to go through the bank to take out a mortgage to buy your first rental property you can also set", "4y2TwozfKW8-00039-00023528-00024184": "up what's known as a private financing agreement with the seller but for the ease of this video", "4y2TwozfKW8-00040-00024184-00024736": "i'm going to keep it simple and discuss the traditional method which is going through a bank", "4y2TwozfKW8-00041-00024736-00025360": "speaking of banks the banks will want to see your w-2s where they're looking for steady employment", "4y2TwozfKW8-00042-00025360-00025912": "of two years or longer they'll prefer that you're working a nine-to-five job because the guaranteed", "4y2TwozfKW8-00043-00025912-00026480": "income that comes on the first and fifteenth is a lot less riskier for them than if you were an", "4y2TwozfKW8-00044-00026480-00027039": "entrepreneur and your income was uncertain if you're an entrepreneur you can still qualify but", "4y2TwozfKW8-00045-00027039-00027560": "the process may be a little more rigorous now the banks check your income statements because they", "4y2TwozfKW8-00046-00027560-00028072": "want to make sure that you can afford the property and the more records that you can provide up front", "4y2TwozfKW8-00047-00028072-00028568": "the better the last thing that you want to do is be in a bidding war for your first rental property", "4y2TwozfKW8-00048-00028568-00029080": "and you miss out on the deal because you didn't have your tax statements properly organized", "4y2TwozfKW8-00049-00029080-00029680": "if this is your first time buying a home this will be the longest paperwork signing process", "4y2TwozfKW8-00050-00029680-00030168": "that you have ever experienced in your life so don't expect it to be a walk in the park", "4y2TwozfKW8-00051-00030224-00030864": "mentally prepare yourself to build up the stamina to go through this process every day", "4y2TwozfKW8-00052-00030864-00031527": "for at least two to three months minimum this is a time-consuming journey that will require multiple", "4y2TwozfKW8-00053-00031527-00032304": "phone calls emails and in-person visits the second step towards buying your first rental property", "4y2TwozfKW8-00054-00032304-00032864": "is planning your down payment the first thing that you want to ask yourself when it comes to this is", "4y2TwozfKW8-00055-00032864-00033464": "will you be buying this property owner occupied or will this be an investment property if it's an", "4y2TwozfKW8-00056-00033464-00034008": "owner occupied that means that you'll be living in one of the units while renting out the rest", "4y2TwozfKW8-00057-00034008-00034616": "to other tenants if it's an investment property you'll be living somewhere else if you don't plan", "4y2TwozfKW8-00058-00034616-00035168": "on living at the property your credit and finances will have to be stronger than somebody who's doing", "4y2TwozfKW8-00059-00035168-00035992": "an owner occupied this is because of something called pmi private mortgage insurance pmi is a", "4y2TwozfKW8-00060-00035992-00036608": "monthly additional cost that's charged to you by the banks just as a way of insuring themselves in", "4y2TwozfKW8-00061-00036608-00037184": "case you can't keep up with the monthly mortgage they want to protect themselves from the risk of", "4y2TwozfKW8-00062-00037184-00037832": "selling homes that people can't afford which is why your down payment plays such an important part", "4y2TwozfKW8-00063-00037832-00038552": "in you getting the loan to avoid pmi on an owner-occupied property you'll need to put down 20", "4y2TwozfKW8-00064-00038672-00039320": "to avoid pmi on an investment property you'll need to put down 25", "4y2TwozfKW8-00065-00039440-00040288": "but usaya 20 to 25 sounds so high how can i get a property at a lower price you don't have to", "4y2TwozfKW8-00066-00040288-00041056": "put down 28 to 25 percent in order to buy in fact the average home buyer typically puts down seven", "4y2TwozfKW8-00067-00041056-00041688": "percent on a down payment and there are programs that allows you to put no money down at all", "4y2TwozfKW8-00068-00041688-00042368": "all you need to know is that by lowering your down payment that translates into a bigger loan and a", "4y2TwozfKW8-00069-00042368-00042952": "higher monthly mortgage if your credit isn't where it needs to be and you need to raise your income", "4y2TwozfKW8-00070-00042952-00043504": "i highly suggest you check out my program zero to six figures in there i show you how to get a", "4y2TwozfKW8-00071-00043504-00044152": "perfect credit score on top of building passive income streams details in the description below", "4y2TwozfKW8-00072-00044152-00044592": "but honestly if you're planning on making this a purely investment property", "4y2TwozfKW8-00073-00044592-00045144": "having a higher monthly payment won't be so bad as long as you're making enough income", "4y2TwozfKW8-00074-00045144-00045672": "from it or your tenants can cover it if you do decide to make a down payment then be sure", "4y2TwozfKW8-00075-00045672-00046368": "to open up a separate savings or money market account at your local bank label that account", "4y2TwozfKW8-00076-00046368-00047008": "down payment fund now remember the goal of this account is not to get rich from it so don't spend", "4y2TwozfKW8-00077-00047008-00047696": "a billion years surfing the web trying to find the highest interest rate instead we just need a safe", "4y2TwozfKW8-00078-00047696-00048344": "holding place to put this money so that it doesn't get caught up in the day-to-day funds that you're", "4y2TwozfKW8-00079-00048344-00048880": "using from your checking account next you'll need to create a category on your budget called", "4y2TwozfKW8-00080-00048880-00049512": "down payment and set a goal for how much money you can afford to set aside every month", "4y2TwozfKW8-00081-00049512-00050008": "after bills you can even set up an automatic transfer through your bank where money will flow", "4y2TwozfKW8-00082-00050008-00050568": "into your account so you don't even have to think about it now i know you're probably wondering", "4y2TwozfKW8-00083-00050568-00051248": "but usia how do i know how much i'm supposed to be saving and i don't know how much the property is", "4y2TwozfKW8-00084-00051360-00051784": "well i'm so glad you asked because that's the next thing that we'll be covering", "4y2TwozfKW8-00085-00051784-00052376": "if you plan on staying at this place owner occupied you should spend no more than 25", "4y2TwozfKW8-00086-00052448-00053055": "of your monthly take-home pay towards your housing expenses this includes your mortgage principal", "4y2TwozfKW8-00087-00053120-00054008": "interest property taxes homeowners insurance hoa fees and bmi just in case you haven't", "4y2TwozfKW8-00088-00054008-00054536": "if you're looking to pay more than 25 of your monthly income on housing expenses", "4y2TwozfKW8-00089-00054536-00055255": "you can't afford it to help you determine the max amount of what the total property value should be", "4y2TwozfKW8-00090-00055255-00055928": "i've included a mortgage calculator for you in the description below fill it out get the numbers and", "4y2TwozfKW8-00091-00055928-00056736": "make sure that the total monthly expenses do not exceed 25 most lenders typically recommend", "4y2TwozfKW8-00092-00056736-00057376": "that you don't buy a house that's three to five times more than your annual household income you", "4y2TwozfKW8-00093-00057376-00057944": "can also get pre-qualified by the bank you want to do your mortgage with to determine how much of a", "4y2TwozfKW8-00094-00057944-00058584": "mortgage you can afford once you have the numbers down you can start saving your down payment money", "4y2TwozfKW8-00095-00058584-00059104": "into your down payment savings account also this is a really important tip", "4y2TwozfKW8-00096-00059104-00059720": "you need to save an additional ten thousand dollars towards closing costs closing costs is", "4y2TwozfKW8-00097-00059720-00060367": "one of the biggest things that most people always forget whenever they're saving up for a home", "4y2TwozfKW8-00098-00060367-00060904": "and if you don't put aside some money for this you could find yourself in a sticky situation", "4y2TwozfKW8-00099-00060904-00061624": "if you haven't properly prepared to buy a property you can easily go into debt because home ownership", "4y2TwozfKW8-00100-00061624-00062424": "is the most expensive purchase that most adults will ever make between purchasing upkeep", "4y2TwozfKW8-00101-00062479-00063096": "renovations and repairs it is definitely a lot of money so you want to make sure that you're", "4y2TwozfKW8-00102-00063096-00063736": "investing into a property that's an asset and not a liability which leads us to the third point", "4y2TwozfKW8-00103-00063736-00064432": "the third step towards buying your first rental property is finding the best rental property on", "4y2TwozfKW8-00104-00064432-00065032": "the market to keep this simple i recommend that you google a top-rated real estate agent in your", "4y2TwozfKW8-00105-00065032-00065608": "city you don't need a real estate license to buy a property you can find an agent and you", "4y2TwozfKW8-00106-00065608-00066192": "don't want to hire an average joe you want to work with somebody that has years of experience", "4y2TwozfKW8-00107-00066248-00066928": "finding the best cash flow positive properties that are on the market knowing the ins and outs", "4y2TwozfKW8-00108-00066928-00067488": "about the neighborhood identifying the red flags that you would never catch and so much", "4y2TwozfKW8-00109-00067488-00068136": "more and you don't want to just up and buy any property that they show you not every property", "4y2TwozfKW8-00110-00068136-00068968": "is profitable if you're truly in it to win it you're going to follow the 110 three one rule", "4y2TwozfKW8-00111-00069232-00070000": "did that sound simple the hundred ten three one rule means that as a real estate investor", "4y2TwozfKW8-00112-00070056-00070736": "you must look through a hundred properties in order to find the 10 best deals that are", "4y2TwozfKW8-00113-00070736-00071416": "most profitable from those 10 deals you'll submit offers on the top three", "4y2TwozfKW8-00114-00071416-00072168": "and of the three offers that you submitted you'll walk away with the number one best deal of the", "4y2TwozfKW8-00115-00072168-00072768": "offers that were accepted now i know that this could sound very tedious but what i also know", "4y2TwozfKW8-00116-00072768-00073472": "is that you would much rather take your time to make good money than for you to rush and be", "4y2TwozfKW8-00117-00073472-00074112": "stuck into a financial bind for the rest of your life now of course there's a few activities that", "4y2TwozfKW8-00118-00074112-00074656": "you'll need to do along the way like putting up your earnest money getting an inspection selecting", "4y2TwozfKW8-00119-00074656-00075328": "a loan from the bank getting an appraisal as well as closing but as a free bonus i want to share", "4y2TwozfKW8-00120-00075328-00076032": "with you my top 10 tips on how to make the most of your property tip number one smash the like button", "4y2TwozfKW8-00121-00076032-00076688": "by far this is the most important tip that i could give you out of the tent number two start small", "4y2TwozfKW8-00122-00076688-00077208": "now in the real estate market there are a bunch of different properties like a home", "4y2TwozfKW8-00123-00077208-00077984": "a duplex a triplex a four plex commercial property and so much more but i advise", "4y2TwozfKW8-00124-00077984-00078560": "that when you're first starting off you want to start off small so that when you make mistakes", "4y2TwozfKW8-00125-00078560-00079136": "you can make those mistakes as small as possible when you're first getting started with buying", "4y2TwozfKW8-00126-00079136-00079640": "your first rental property there's a lot about this real estate game that you really don't know", "4y2TwozfKW8-00127-00079640-00080408": "so be willing to learn start small and make your mistakes as little as possible number three don't", "4y2TwozfKW8-00128-00080408-00081224": "go renovation crazy because that can get really expensive really quick instead you want to buy a", "4y2TwozfKW8-00129-00081224-00081944": "property that's already in good condition number four buy a property that already has good tenants", "4y2TwozfKW8-00130-00081944-00082600": "this will make things easy because you'll already have a proven track record of reliable people", "4y2TwozfKW8-00131-00082600-00083432": "paying to live there this will cut down on your investing risk drastically number five if possible", "4y2TwozfKW8-00132-00083488-00084176": "fill out your homestead exemption immediately after buying the property this can save you", "4y2TwozfKW8-00133-00084176-00084936": "thousands of dollars number six protest your property taxes now you'll have to pay property", "4y2TwozfKW8-00134-00084936-00085712": "taxes every year and typically they always go up i personally use a third-party company that", "4y2TwozfKW8-00135-00085712-00086304": "does this for me to keep things simple but if you want you could do it yourself number seven", "4y2TwozfKW8-00136-00086368-00087216": "don't live any farther than 30 minutes away from your rental property unless you plan on hiring a", "4y2TwozfKW8-00137-00087216-00087880": "property manager to handle things for you number eight prepare for unexpected emergencies", "4y2TwozfKW8-00138-00087936-00088536": "life happens so you should probably get prepared by setting some money aside in an emergency fund", "4y2TwozfKW8-00139-00088536-00089168": "savings account just to cover any breakdowns of appliances or other things that would require", "4y2TwozfKW8-00140-00089168-00089760": "immediate attention you'll also want an umbrella insurance policy as part of your homeowners", "4y2TwozfKW8-00141-00089760-00090696": "insurance number nine put your property under an llc with an llc if your tenant tries to sue you", "4y2TwozfKW8-00142-00090696-00091320": "they can't come for your personal assets and lastly number 10 you want to think about real", "4y2TwozfKW8-00143-00091320-00091840": "estate investing like a game of monopoly you don't need to go all out once you land on your", "4y2TwozfKW8-00144-00091840-00092392": "very first purchase you're just trying to get in the game so that you can start collecting rent", "4y2TwozfKW8-00145-00092392-00092952": "and building up some equity give it some time and be consistent and once you've gotten farther", "4y2TwozfKW8-00146-00092952-00093584": "along then that's when you can look into buying boardwalk in park place so thank you so much", "4y2TwozfKW8-00147-00093584-00094160": "for watching today's video i really appreciate your support and if you enjoyed all of the free", "4y2TwozfKW8-00148-00094160-00094840": "value that i gave you in this video please do me a favor and smash that like button it only", "4y2TwozfKW8-00149-00094840-00095520": "takes one second but it goes a really long way to helping my channel grow don't forget to subscribe", "4y2TwozfKW8-00150-00095520-00096176": "and turn on that notification bell so that you can receive more great videos just like this and", "4y2TwozfKW8-00151-00096176-00096728": "leave me a comment to let me know what you're going to do to create generational wealth and", "4y2TwozfKW8-00152-00096728-00097440": "buy your first property until then stay focused and i'll see you on the next video keep pushing"}}, {"audio_id": "4yspod-45jo", "text": {"4yspod-45jo-00000-00000600-00001468": "Gemini February 2019 Monthly Psychic Tarot Reading", "4yspod-45jo-00001-00002376-00002733": "this is the energy vibration reading for the month of February this is the", "4yspod-45jo-00002-00002733-00003365": "alkaline unladen and in the month of February we have I have the energy from", "4yspod-45jo-00003-00003365-00004061": "the ochre princess Olga princess is intuition intuition that come in it is a", "4yspod-45jo-00004-00004061-00004710": "month of on a hill fell home hard Cobert am and with the citywide super hit me to", "4yspod-45jo-00005-00004710-00005265": "makkah met helpful and her hime and dinger on the doctor pie comes out now", "4yspod-45jo-00006-00005265-00005772": "the energy duck sign here on to help you Lee in a day someone to apply the energy", "4yspod-45jo-00007-00005772-00006494": "um the daughter the energy of the Dover and it had made to Makkah material", "4yspod-45jo-00008-00006494-00007190": "materialistic amber Nordic and it was very and they specific here on on the", "4yspod-45jo-00009-00007190-00007758": "deceptiveness that I'm sick to Cobert met uni the week of year Baker you have", "4yspod-45jo-00010-00007758-00008289": "Votto in the ears awake you have the zone in the trader vacant have poured a", "4yspod-45jo-00011-00008289-00008963": "late in the day to bake and you have the world in the fear of make okay does they", "4yspod-45jo-00012-00008963-00009489": "could predict up here over and you're not even seen what is here and what", "4yspod-45jo-00013-00009489-00010079": "turns for mere now in the ears to make some are conferred duly have it's made", "4yspod-45jo-00014-00010079-00010860": "maka meter Scorpio Nietzsche does a base Victor just it can occur affect the", "4yspod-45jo-00015-00010860-00011346": "Scorpio teacher and that sort of a Dean in the Earth's abate does base Victor it", "4yspod-45jo-00016-00011346-00011925": "is an emotional fake the ears to make this help us and Lisa physical here over", "4yspod-45jo-00017-00011925-00012410": "um the trade awake is the energy from the Sun and the semester positive on", "4yspod-45jo-00018-00012410-00012819": "that new leaf to come up Mar oka are you Financial Stability Board", "4yspod-45jo-00019-00012819-00013397": "cabal answered us the trade away case of their zero positive Vega that cut out a", "4yspod-45jo-00020-00013397-00013932": "fake injury there to make the energy from the Pisces the fish Mansell", "4yspod-45jo-00021-00013932-00014340": "the energy from the Bissman to come up with before daily Midas is best for hood", "4yspod-45jo-00022-00014340-00014880": "but before dealing for universe map itself on that new relief the my oka and", "4yspod-45jo-00023-00014880-00015468": "us dot come in for unit please medicine the last awake is the energy from the", "4yspod-45jo-00024-00015468-00015756": "world and energy for the world is the energy from the heart", "4yspod-45jo-00025-00015756-00016194": "this is their positive or not an article City Watts a word behind taken a", "4yspod-45jo-00026-00016194-00016791": "positive situates a common base well for water then heaven fire in the twin of a", "4yspod-45jo-00027-00016791-00017301": "Kannada air survey Canada to a lake for the stem Bachmann centers in the left", "4yspod-45jo-00028-00017301-00017742": "I'd from octene and five unfair talk have you best well a positive positive", "4yspod-45jo-00029-00017742-00018465": "tight and a positive lake in the way to make an ideal evict us one cup from up", "4yspod-45jo-00030-00018465-00018885": "and assesses their positive whatever the situation is and whatever to transform", "4yspod-45jo-00031-00018885-00019506": "at sea is it is there zero positive answer back I could energy um the whole", "4yspod-45jo-00032-00019506-00019995": "the energy upon the fool come up and it up later Markham Accord alien and us", "4yspod-45jo-00033-00019995-00020470": "started for Julie and this is a best-known positive it is for the", "4yspod-45jo-00034-00020470-00021078": "vitamin medicine that here comes a new start and a before dealing that comes", "4yspod-45jo-00035-00021078-00021642": "out now the energy from the fear from Pentacles is here and as their positive", "4yspod-45jo-00036-00021642-00022095": "energy for the fairphone Pentacles where your financial stability word COBOL and", "4yspod-45jo-00037-00022095-00022572": "easier now if I have energy upon the Honda man it is the energy for the year", "4yspod-45jo-00038-00022572-00023182": "it comes up in the month of February does really 0 dot and death as zero zero", "4yspod-45jo-00039-00023182-00023795": "positive on Julie Ava tightening for yourself that happened by the energy", "4yspod-45jo-00040-00023795-00024426": "from the this energy I have made a mark up meta of joy vitamin B skull and", "4yspod-45jo-00041-00024426-00024918": "wailing this is based physic dr. Canyon in the month of February the minister", "4yspod-45jo-00042-00024918-00025500": "too soon the lake died for often fear talk and name from octene and fiber fear", "4yspod-45jo-00043-00025500-00026091": "talk dot there is a citywide c VAR a word capone", "4yspod-45jo-00044-00026091-00026895": "this physique talk on that the energy is here now and for em the the looked", "4yspod-45jo-00045-00026895-00027513": "medicine that is vitamin d is coming to trailing laugh at your demons", "4yspod-45jo-00046-00027513-00028127": "laughs um your demons and this betaken that laughs on the medicine for low", "4yspod-45jo-00047-00028127-00028820": "energy that prepare every label to ferrata in so the lock locks out on that", "4yspod-45jo-00048-00028820-00029136": "you can't even seen that as you know don't you have", "4yspod-45jo-00049-00029136-00029718": "even seen that the positivity comes major bulls are on to align for the our", "4yspod-45jo-00050-00029718-00030395": "dimension um sake dunk don't mark Pilate here but for the arguments and maids", "4yspod-45jo-00051-00030395-00030983": "don't bar for what you hate for it the arguments and this is a visible positive", "4yspod-45jo-00052-00030983-00031514": "as sumac I cut the food medicine it is a month for rejuvenation the sector to", "4yspod-45jo-00053-00031514-00032084": "innovate is this well good for unique their their positive the tweet of week", "4yspod-45jo-00054-00032084-00032639": "is less well-equipped to you D and C are positive for the bottom ensign make", "4yspod-45jo-00055-00032639-00032881": "necessary", "4yspod-45jo-00056-00032906-00033759": "mark mark arm positive business in and the ears of a candidate based would and", "4yspod-45jo-00057-00033759-00034541": "here's your positive for you Lee and it word your best felt and mind okay this", "4yspod-45jo-00058-00034541-00035175": "zero positive energies for you Lee um in base amount the energies it's a real", "4yspod-45jo-00059-00035175-00035687": "step up Don the doctors be really serious and for the rest events Yulia", "4yspod-45jo-00060-00035687-00036416": "there they're positive Monica wins need potato until asta and no yeah", "4yspod-45jo-00061-00036416-00037016": "Alka main stair belt signs and it had a the second and state the energy", "4yspod-45jo-00062-00037016-00037575": "vibration mason for that's wailing son muna the Gemini's Sun Moon arise inside", "4yspod-45jo-00063-00037575-00037946": "I want to say thank you for being here thank you for it being back this month", "4yspod-45jo-00064-00037946-00038390": "of February it's a little bit strange for you air some people there is no", "4yspod-45jo-00065-00038390-00039131": "balance except the zodiac energy vibration for the month of for for you", "4yspod-45jo-00066-00039131-00039765": "Lee um the the year the first two weeks are good to be good for you Gemini's", "4yspod-45jo-00067-00039765-00040218": "okay the first two weeks are going to be good for you Gemini's so whatever the", "4yspod-45jo-00068-00040218-00040691": "situation is and whatever that mister inspire for you Gemini's the first two", "4yspod-45jo-00069-00040691-00041130": "week is going to be really really good it's going to be positive it's going to", "4yspod-45jo-00070-00041130-00041687": "be aligning you in the first two weeks and you are going to be finding out that", "4yspod-45jo-00071-00041687-00042161": "you're going to be able to balance out some situation that has been happening", "4yspod-45jo-00072-00042161-00042559": "okay you guys have the any of the Empress which is that hurt", "4yspod-45jo-00073-00042559-00043006": "Allegiant is coming in to help you guys and this is really wonderful and really", "4yspod-45jo-00074-00043006-00043639": "powerful the month of September on the Empress is here to protect you Gemini's", "4yspod-45jo-00075-00043639-00044110": "in this month so whatever the situation is whatever is happening you're gonna be", "4yspod-45jo-00076-00044110-00044524": "happy and receive a nurturing from someone who's going to be coming in and", "4yspod-45jo-00077-00044524-00044887": "helping you out you Gemini's so this is going to be good", "4yspod-45jo-00078-00044887-00045412": "okay whatever is happening um let's see what it's coming up for it you", "4yspod-45jo-00079-00045412-00045889": "Gemini's the energy of the devil is here I'm seeing the energy up low of people", "4yspod-45jo-00080-00045889-00046336": "that it's coming in for you Gemini so be aware and be careful of what is stirring", "4yspod-45jo-00081-00046336-00046747": "spine so let's see for you Gemini's what's coming out in the first week you", "4yspod-45jo-00082-00046747-00047209": "have also the energy of the month the general energy of the month the energy", "4yspod-45jo-00083-00047209-00047665": "of the moon this energy of the moon is aligning you you're dealing with a", "4yspod-45jo-00084-00047665-00048085": "scorpion for some of you Gemini in the first week you're dealing with a", "4yspod-45jo-00085-00048085-00048631": "scorpion this could be your enemy just be positive because I'm seeing that this", "4yspod-45jo-00086-00048631-00049090": "scorpion energy is coming up that is going to affect a lot of you Gemini's so", "4yspod-45jo-00087-00049090-00049429": "this could be coming up in different circumstances we're going to be seeing", "4yspod-45jo-00088-00049429-00049858": "how are they going to be coming in your life because the energy of the Moon is", "4yspod-45jo-00089-00049858-00050356": "Adi energy of the scorpion but it's also the energy offer you seen your enemies", "4yspod-45jo-00090-00050356-00051067": "and you're trying to break them down the second week the energy of the six seven", "4yspod-45jo-00091-00051067-00051490": "of cups energy of the seven of cups a positive energy it is up right so this", "4yspod-45jo-00092-00051490-00052027": "is going to be good some new positive situations are going to be aligned in", "4yspod-45jo-00093-00052027-00052546": "and come in some synchronicity will be coming in in the second week you have", "4yspod-45jo-00094-00052546-00052941": "the third week you have the energy of the Hermit you're seeing the truth of", "4yspod-45jo-00095-00052941-00053386": "the situation what is transpire the Hermit and your spirit guides is going", "4yspod-45jo-00096-00053386-00053896": "to be coming in discus another situation with a scorpion so be aware a lot of", "4yspod-45jo-00097-00053896-00054253": "scar pits a lot of you are going to be dealing with uh scorpions in a general", "4yspod-45jo-00098-00054253-00054757": "readin um whatever is happening in the general region it's going to be coming", "4yspod-45jo-00099-00054757-00055141": "up and you're going to be seen who and what you have to deal with because", "4yspod-45jo-00100-00055141-00055605": "obviously the energy of the scorpions because the hermit carries the energy of", "4yspod-45jo-00101-00055605-00056100": "the scorpions all so okay so um be aware and be aligned", "4yspod-45jo-00102-00056100-00056787": "with what is France Barney Gemini's so you have all water water water it's", "4yspod-45jo-00103-00056787-00057195": "going to be a very emotional month okay let's see what it's coming out for the", "4yspod-45jo-00104-00057195-00057816": "Gemini's Sandman and Wrightson for the last week we have the energy of the or", "4yspod-45jo-00105-00057816-00058293": "the Arafat the energy of the air offense so um this is a Hertz earned it's coming", "4yspod-45jo-00106-00058293-00058810": "in ten you also have um I heard science so um you're going to be receiving", "4yspod-45jo-00107-00058810-00059154": "health there's someone from out of the organization it's going to come in and", "4yspod-45jo-00108-00059154-00059766": "you're going to be receiving help from people to align and alleviate whatever", "4yspod-45jo-00109-00059766-00060250": "you are going through okay to a nine and alleviate whatever you're going through", "4yspod-45jo-00110-00060250-00060837": "this is really something so it's a very emotional lunch a but in the third week", "4yspod-45jo-00111-00060837-00061273": "you're ready I'm a receiving information let's see what is happening with the", "4yspod-45jo-00112-00061273-00061729": "moon and the seven of cups energy with a moon and the seven of cups of Sun it's", "4yspod-45jo-00113-00061729-00062301": "going to be coming out so does is good so whatever duress transpired in the end", "4yspod-45jo-00114-00062301-00062913": "of January coming in the month of February between the the first week and", "4yspod-45jo-00115-00062913-00063402": "the second lead go new opportunities new possibilities is going to be coming in", "4yspod-45jo-00116-00063402-00063949": "for you Gemini's so that is really really good okay um the second week", "4yspod-45jo-00117-00063949-00064491": "going in the third week you have the energy of the ten of ones so this month", "4yspod-45jo-00118-00064491-00065029": "is really a month of burdens for you guys the ten of one energy is always the", "4yspod-45jo-00119-00065029-00065619": "energy of burdens that you're carried burdens but it's as if someone is going", "4yspod-45jo-00120-00065619-00066043": "to be coming in to help you to really v8 your burdens", "4yspod-45jo-00121-00066043-00066610": "now the Hermit with the air event is some judgment called some judgment", "4yspod-45jo-00122-00066610-00067005": "called it's great to be coming out a lot of water images for you Gemini's so this", "4yspod-45jo-00123-00067005-00067435": "month it's going to be really a month where a lot of water images are coming", "4yspod-45jo-00124-00067435-00067905": "in so you have to be aware and prepared for this because there's a lot of", "4yspod-45jo-00125-00067905-00068416": "emotional situation that is coming out now um whatever is that mean with some", "4yspod-45jo-00126-00068416-00068727": "of you Gemini that it's dealing with the organization it could be you in your", "4yspod-45jo-00127-00068727-00069103": "work but it also could be with other organizations", "4yspod-45jo-00128-00069103-00069634": "situation before daily the judgment call is coming out because I'm seeing the Sun", "4yspod-45jo-00129-00069634-00070120": "that is coming in and there is a lot of major ecology that is coming up for you", "4yspod-45jo-00130-00070120-00070621": "Gemini's a lot of major arcana and the sustain is that the universal angels and", "4yspod-45jo-00131-00070621-00070966": "guides they're coming up to work out situation because in your month of", "4yspod-45jo-00132-00070966-00071440": "readings you have the moon the Hermit and the air ofin of what this is saying", "4yspod-45jo-00133-00071440-00071899": "the moola hermit and the elephant it is saying that whatever the situation is", "4yspod-45jo-00134-00071899-00072334": "that you have been dealing with some scorpions or you have been dealing with", "4yspod-45jo-00135-00072334-00072952": "many people who are working on their scorpion energy vibration but that", "4yspod-45jo-00136-00072952-00073438": "things are going to be happening where solution is going to be coming in the", "4yspod-45jo-00137-00073438-00073969": "Sun with the ten of one's have to do with the FATA of Pentacles whoever this", "4yspod-45jo-00138-00073969-00074548": "person is is a Taurus Virgo or a Capricorn so some of you are dealing", "4yspod-45jo-00139-00074548-00075124": "with the father of Pentacles in the second week and because of this person", "4yspod-45jo-00140-00075124-00075457": "and this energy some new opportunities is going to become enough whoever this", "4yspod-45jo-00141-00075457-00075994": "person is and whatever that he was doing a light is going to be shedding on this", "4yspod-45jo-00142-00075994-00076561": "person and you help could be coming in if it is the energy of your father the", "4yspod-45jo-00143-00076561-00077032": "ten of one's and judgment is atha has to do with the five of Pentacles whatever", "4yspod-45jo-00144-00077032-00077560": "the situation is it could be a financial situation where it dispersant need to", "4yspod-45jo-00145-00077560-00077956": "pay you they can't pay you because they don't have it energy of the hermit is", "4yspod-45jo-00146-00077956-00078568": "here and a hermit is shedding a light on a financial situation on a situation", "4yspod-45jo-00147-00078568-00079102": "that has been happening so a whole lot is at mean for you and geminis in this", "4yspod-45jo-00148-00079102-00079822": "Lund outcomes um you have the outcomes as five to eight of one's outcomes this", "4yspod-45jo-00149-00079822-00080452": "age of one's okay now for a more extended reading to know persist what", "4yspod-45jo-00150-00080452-00080776": "and who is going to affect you as a person", "4yspod-45jo-00151-00080776-00081418": "it is good to basically connect with us with on the mound so that you can", "4yspod-45jo-00152-00081418-00081922": "understand and see of what is transpiring because um as we look at", "4yspod-45jo-00153-00081922-00082405": "your mantra Sentra is that you guys they're carrying a lot of burdens you", "4yspod-45jo-00154-00082405-00083001": "Gemini's for carrying a lot of burdens okay um and whatever the situation is", "4yspod-45jo-00155-00083001-00083301": "you Gemini's are carrying a lot of burden because we have seen the energy", "4yspod-45jo-00156-00083301-00084014": "of the moon that the Sun comes up to alleviate and show you something about", "4yspod-45jo-00157-00084014-00084507": "someone who you're dealing with or and a group of people who are working", "4yspod-45jo-00158-00084507-00085054": "on their lower energy vibration some of you could be dealing with if your father", "4yspod-45jo-00159-00085054-00085488": "is a a Taurus Virgo or kept record you could be receiving some message from", "4yspod-45jo-00160-00085488-00085906": "this person if your father is a Taurus Virgo or Capricorn you could be", "4yspod-45jo-00161-00085906-00086476": "receiving some message from this person the second week is that some of you", "4yspod-45jo-00162-00086476-00086911": "could be receiving an offer from a Taurus Virgo or a Capricorn person so um", "4yspod-45jo-00163-00086911-00087679": "some office could be coming in for you guys okay um looking at the third week", "4yspod-45jo-00164-00087679-00088111": "some of you are going to be seen a situation about your financial situation", "4yspod-45jo-00165-00088111-00088543": "okay you will are going to be receiving some message about your financial", "4yspod-45jo-00166-00088543-00088918": "situation some information is going to be coming in and that sort of a thing", "4yspod-45jo-00167-00088918-00089479": "but to know exactly what is happening you have to connect with us to see the", "4yspod-45jo-00168-00089479-00089935": "extended of the reader to find out what is going to be affecting you now", "4yspod-45jo-00169-00089935-00090517": "whatever the situation is in an organization or a situation to deal with", "4yspod-45jo-00170-00090517-00090988": "your financial stability or I'm seeing deception with a situation in the", "4yspod-45jo-00171-00090988-00091429": "organization but the organization is going to be working with you to find out", "4yspod-45jo-00172-00091429-00091897": "what as exactly transpired okay the organization is going to be", "4yspod-45jo-00173-00091897-00092502": "working with you to find out exactly what else transpire and why a situation", "4yspod-45jo-00174-00092502-00092926": "because it's as if some of you find out that a bill your bill is higher than", "4yspod-45jo-00175-00092926-00093501": "it's normally they're going to be um or checking out to find out what exactly is", "4yspod-45jo-00176-00093501-00094216": "transpire so that is really really good okay there is as if they realize that", "4yspod-45jo-00177-00094216-00094849": "something deceptive has happened and they're going to be checking out okay so", "4yspod-45jo-00178-00094849-00095506": "um it is really something it is this this month for you guys is", "4yspod-45jo-00179-00095506-00096058": "and some of you are dealing with if your father is a Taurus Virgo or a Capricorn", "4yspod-45jo-00180-00096058-00096484": "for five years and older you're dealing with the financial situation where you", "4yspod-45jo-00181-00096484-00096943": "might have to be helping your father out you're going to be receiving message", "4yspod-45jo-00182-00096943-00097432": "your father is going to be sending you some message about this situation okay", "4yspod-45jo-00183-00097432-00098122": "um your father could be needed some help of whitcomb financial stability I'm", "4yspod-45jo-00184-00098122-00098590": "seeing some new office coming in and your burdens will be over your financial", "4yspod-45jo-00185-00098590-00099052": "situation is going to be balanced out really ladies and gentlemen it's really", "4yspod-45jo-00186-00099052-00099609": "at a month that is going to be affecting you and it's going to be affecting your", "4yspod-45jo-00187-00099609-00100264": "financial stability for some of you okay so this could be coming into work forms", "4yspod-45jo-00188-00100264-00100684": "whatever the information is this could be come into work forms it's about", "4yspod-45jo-00189-00100684-00101416": "creation nature and the mother okay so this month is about creation creation", "4yspod-45jo-00190-00101416-00102136": "and the nature and the mother so you know be aware and be aligned with this", "4yspod-45jo-00191-00102136-00102631": "because this is what it's going to be affecting you guys let's see um what the", "4yspod-45jo-00192-00102631-00103185": "animal totem have because the animal we're working with the animal cards and", "4yspod-45jo-00193-00103185-00103734": "for you Gemini's you have the hurt theories so work with the earth fairies", "4yspod-45jo-00194-00103734-00104479": "because it's yeah physical helped grounding and foundation physical helped", "4yspod-45jo-00195-00104479-00104971": "grounded and foundation so some of you are going to be needing that out because", "4yspod-45jo-00196-00104971-00105682": "we're working with the fairies that hurt fairies okay so some of you Gemini's", "4yspod-45jo-00197-00105682-00106432": "always fall with the fairies okay some of you Gemini's always fall with the", "4yspod-45jo-00198-00106432-00107008": "fairies you always look like there is so you know if you exercise you go outside", "4yspod-45jo-00199-00107008-00107488": "you walk or whatsoever and as then connect with the fairies because they're", "4yspod-45jo-00200-00107488-00108183": "going to be helping you out okay here we have strength your gif i'm strengthen", "4yspod-45jo-00201-00108183-00108628": "your gif and strengthen your give they're calling up and you to strengthen", "4yspod-45jo-00202-00108628-00109124": "your gift so whatever the situate it is some of you are called on to strengthen", "4yspod-45jo-00203-00109124-00109765": "your gifts okay and that means strengthen what you were blessed wait", "4yspod-45jo-00204-00109765-00110305": "and as you strengthen what you were blessed with it's going to be helping", "4yspod-45jo-00205-00110305-00110627": "you to align and move forward in your life", "4yspod-45jo-00206-00110627-00111146": "in a very very positive so we have with situations health situations it's going", "4yspod-45jo-00207-00111146-00111551": "to be coming up for some of you learn to ground yourself call up an earthing just", "4yspod-45jo-00208-00111551-00112030": "some our chamois well to ground yourself because these situations is coming up", "4yspod-45jo-00209-00112030-00112499": "and strengthen your gift whatever it is transpiring and whatever it is I think", "4yspod-45jo-00210-00112499-00112942": "we need to strengthen your gift you know to start eating properly that is one of", "4yspod-45jo-00211-00112942-00113335": "the messages that is coming out but her fairies are here that is trying to", "4yspod-45jo-00212-00113335-00113902": "cleanse you and release you of lower energies um and these are the situation", "4yspod-45jo-00213-00113902-00114383": "that is transpiring in discipline I'm seeing that a lot of jus Gemini's are", "4yspod-45jo-00214-00114383-00114914": "going to be looking to change your diet and um this sort of a thing there's a", "4yspod-45jo-00215-00114914-00115319": "lot of burdens that you Gemini's or carry but these burdens would be over", "4yspod-45jo-00216-00115319-00115834": "soon whoever that has a father that is a Taurus Virgo Capricorn gets in touch", "4yspod-45jo-00217-00115834-00116455": "with him he needs your help and whatever the situation is some of your grid's be", "4yspod-45jo-00218-00116455-00116924": "finding that someone in an organization has been very deceptive and the", "4yspod-45jo-00219-00116924-00117283": "organization is going to be working on this to find out but exactly as", "4yspod-45jo-00220-00117283-00117985": "transpired okay so this is good I want to say to each and every one of you be", "4yspod-45jo-00221-00117985-00118378": "aware it's going to be a very emotional moment for you Gemini's extremely", "4yspod-45jo-00222-00118378-00118861": "emotional month whatever is transpire is going to be very an extremely emotional", "4yspod-45jo-00223-00118861-00119554": "month so be aware of that okay now please like share this video", "4yspod-45jo-00224-00119554-00120176": "cross watch because cross which is very good um and realized that whatever that", "4yspod-45jo-00225-00120176-00120741": "is you know affecting you ask for a general", "4yspod-45jo-00226-00120741-00121216": "acts for a bunch of readings because then more information will comes up to", "4yspod-45jo-00227-00121216-00121838": "show up what exactly is transparent for you guys I am going to be leaving it", "4yspod-45jo-00228-00121838-00122484": "here whatever it is your spirit guides to help you find in a", "4yspod-45jo-00229-00122484-00123111": "strength and I'm saying namaste and we're moving on to the people on on", "4yspod-45jo-00230-00123111-00123699": "demand okay so welcome to", "4yspod-45jo-00231-00124383-00124590": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "4yv50o6X-R8", "text": {"4yv50o6X-R8-00000-00001100-00001800": "Salman Khan starrer Bharat makers use drone camera to shoot", "4yv50o6X-R8-00001-00001900-00003200": "Salman Khan starrer Bharat makers use drone camera to shoot Producer Atul Agnihotri, Salman's brother-in-law took to his Instagram to share a video of a drone camera.", "4yv50o6X-R8-00002-00003300-00004900": "The preparation to make 'Bharat' Salman Khan's biggest film is in full swing. The film shoot is underway in Malta, and the makers are adopting advanced technology to produce a world-class product..", "4yv50o6X-R8-00003-00005000-00005900": "Producer Atul Agnihotri, Salman's brother-in-law took to his Instagram to share a video of a drone camera.", "4yv50o6X-R8-00004-00006000-00007700": "Take a look at the video below: The film had former Miss World Priyanka Chopra on board but she walked out of it a few days back. Now, Salman's former real-life ladylove has stepped in to play the leading lady.", "4yv50o6X-R8-00005-00007800-00009200": "Bharat, an official Hindi remake of South Korean film Ode to My Father also stars Disha Patani, Sunil Grover, Aasif Sheikh and Tabu in supporting roles.", "4yv50o6X-R8-00006-00009300-00011300": "Bharat set in the backdrop of India in the 1940s and will take us through the events during the country’s partition. Not just that, the film will showcase significant events over a period of 70 years since partition, reports suggest.", "4yv50o6X-R8-00007-00011400-00013400": "The film will mark Salman and Ali Abbas Zafar’s third collaboration. The duo has already delivered two blockbusters – Sultan and Tiger Zinda Hai. Most of Salman Khan's films in the recent past have hit the theatres on the occasion of Eid.", "4yv50o6X-R8-00008-00013500-00015900": "From Wanted in 2009, to Dabangg in 2010, Bodyguard in 2011, Ek Tha Tiger in 2012, Kick in 2014, Bajrangi Bhaijaan in 2015 to Sultan in 2016, Salman has delivered blockbusters.", "4yv50o6X-R8-00009-00016000-00017400": "Tubelight in 2017 was an exception and so was Race 3 that released this year. Race 3 scored decent numbers at the Box Office but couldn't impress the critics."}}, {"audio_id": "4yeBDg2Wj04", "text": {"4yeBDg2Wj04-00000-00000000-00001403": "Hello pro gamers", "4yeBDg2Wj04-00001-00001403-00012003": "1.8 minecraft"}}, {"audio_id": "4yFesvo0NeQ", "text": {"4yFesvo0NeQ-00000-00000000-00001400": "Introduction", "4yFesvo0NeQ-00001-00001400-00003200": "Proof", "4yFesvo0NeQ-00002-00003200-00006900": "Fixing problem", "4yFesvo0NeQ-00003-00006900-00009000": "Solved proove", "4yFesvo0NeQ-00004-00009000-00011200": "Outro"}}, {"audio_id": "4yQG58nYgb0", "text": {"4yQG58nYgb0-00000-00000020-00000453": ">>So umm, without further adieu uh we have uh Stephan Huber and uh Philipp Ris Ros uh Roskosch", "4yQG58nYgb0-00001-00000967-00001635": "[speaker laughs] [off mic comment] yeah yeah and umm please give him a warm welcome", "4yQG58nYgb0-00002-00001635-00002135": "[audience applause] >>Okay, so hello to our talk about umm VoIP configuration interface", "4yQG58nYgb0-00003-00002369-00002966": "security. My name is umm Stephan I am a security researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute of", "4yQG58nYgb0-00004-00002966-00003573": "secure information technology and I am working umm there as a researcher for study dynamic", "4yQG58nYgb0-00005-00003573-00004074": "code analysis and umm and during my spare time I am working on IOT stuff and with this talk we", "4yQG58nYgb0-00006-00004291-00004914": "want to share our new knowledge or experiences. I am also one of the founders of a hacking team", "4yQG58nYgb0-00007-00004914-00005575": "called teamSIK and it's a small hacking group uh from Fraunhofer. So, Philipp. >>Thank", "4yQG58nYgb0-00008-00005575-00006089": "you Stephan, hello my name is Philipp. I am also working at the Fraunhofer SIT in the secure", "4yQG58nYgb0-00009-00006089-00006673": "software engineering department and my main foc, my main, my reach, my focus research is", "4yQG58nYgb0-00010-00006673-00007173": "static code analysis and IOT vulnerability de- detection and I'm also a member of teamSIK.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00011-00007597-00008064": "First of all some acknowledgements to Alexander Trout and Michal Troeger and", "4yQG58nYgb0-00012-00008064-00008615": "Andreas Wittmann who supported us within this project. Umm, short announcement we we brought", "4yQG58nYgb0-00013-00008615-00009135": "some beer as we are from Germany and it's not the first time for us. And we always brought beer", "4yQG58nYgb0-00014-00009135-00009522": "if you have any questions or want to talk to us, you are welcome to join us after the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00015-00009522-00010023": "talk. So in recent years we have several projects which we also presented here at Defcon yo you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00016-00010530-00011031": "might check it out on our web page and after the last year, years Defcon we, we wondered how", "4yQG58nYgb0-00017-00011244-00011745": "do we get here this again and we were thinking about a topic or a, a research subject with a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00018-00012048-00012679": "wide distribution a complex software which is a read readily accessible because you find bugs", "4yQG58nYgb0-00019-00012679-00013219": "and nobody can exploit it, nobody cares about it. And we came up with voice over IP", "4yQG58nYgb0-00020-00013219-00013900": "phones, so the distribution I mean it's in every office on every desk in every business so", "4yQG58nYgb0-00021-00013900-00014457": "the distribution is covered. On all of these phones runs a web server for management and", "4yQG58nYgb0-00022-00014457-00014958": "configuration purposes, which is complex enough to build in bugs, and, so this point is also", "4yQG58nYgb0-00023-00015258-00015759": "covered, and the last point is the accessibility. I think in, in your business the network is", "4yQG58nYgb0-00024-00015999-00016489": "configured well and the works phones are in a separate network and not accessible by any, any", "4yQG58nYgb0-00025-00016489-00017017": "other of the participants of the network and of course it's not accessible over the internet.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00026-00017017-00017517": "But if, you are familiar with, with how some companies handle their, their network you you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00027-00017904-00018575": "might know this state, where the, everything is put into 1 network and the guests, the, the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00028-00018575-00019185": "regular users and sometimes also the people from the internet can access all of the devices. So", "4yQG58nYgb0-00029-00019185-00019833": "the 3rd point is also covered, these phones are accessible from, from a lot of people and", "4yQG58nYgb0-00030-00019833-00020333": "also from a lot of attackers. So this, talk, uh is structured as follows, I'm going to give a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00031-00020613-00021251": "short background about these phones, then give a IOT hacking 1 on 1 to, to show you how we,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00032-00021251-00021855": "find our bugs and then I will present all the, all, some er findings and then I will", "4yQG58nYgb0-00033-00021855-00022355": "conclude the talk. Starting with a background. Each of those phones runs a or has a ARMS or", "4yQG58nYgb0-00034-00022879-00023380": "MIPS CPU inside and on top of it runs a Linux. There you have some of in it the basic process", "4yQG58nYgb0-00035-00023606-00024157": "on watch dog the sub daemons for, for actual voice communication, and then finally", "4yQG58nYgb0-00036-00024157-00024658": "the web server, which is used to configure all of this. And this web server is not today over", "4yQG58nYgb0-00037-00024884-00025385": "target. The methodology. We went figuring out these bugs, we we first set up the web phone as", "4yQG58nYgb0-00038-00026089-00026733": "regular user or admin would do so, the web server running afterwards we attach a HTTP", "4yQG58nYgb0-00039-00026733-00027340": "Proxy and just clicking around and see if we find some bugs in the, by just, by uh just", "4yQG58nYgb0-00040-00027340-00027977": "observing the traffic. If you don't find any more there, we just extract the firmware, to", "4yQG58nYgb0-00041-00027977-00028638": "err, to form some static analysis, for, for instance some secrets or, or some, some", "4yQG58nYgb0-00042-00028638-00029312": "scripts which we can easily exploit. In the end for, for developing real exploits and", "4yQG58nYgb0-00043-00029312-00029883": "emulation comes in handy and other dynamic analysis tools, which, which are good for", "4yQG58nYgb0-00044-00029883-00030377": "finding the real, the real interesting vulnerabilities. There's 1 exception when, when", "4yQG58nYgb0-00045-00030587-00031144": "you luckily you find a, a way of injectecting dynamic analysis tools directly on the phone you,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00046-00031144-00031644": "so you save the step of emulation. Here are, here's an overview about the tools we'ved", "4yQG58nYgb0-00047-00031968-00032472": "used, you can check it out later in the, when, when the slides are available online. Umm I", "4yQG58nYgb0-00048-00032472-00032972": "won't go through them detail here. So the first step what you want to do after you, you did", "4yQG58nYgb0-00049-00033263-00033773": "the, the web pen testing you want to grab the firmware and this firmware access is not", "4yQG58nYgb0-00050-00033773-00034274": "always this easy. Umm, first of all it's out of scope for us to desolder chips and and use", "4yQG58nYgb0-00051-00034637-00035138": "complex and expensive hardware setups because we are software people. We, if we need to do", "4yQG58nYgb0-00052-00035138-00035638": "this we, we skip, to another phone. So what did we do. First we check the website from the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00053-00035892-00036333": "vendor or manufacturer, to see whether we can download the complete firmware image from", "4yQG58nYgb0-00054-00036333-00036986": "their, so when you lucky you done there, sometimes you only get diff or some patches to the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00055-00036986-00037454": "page image already running on the phone or it's encrypted and you cannot do something with the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00056-00037454-00037994": "update package from the website. Then another way is to, to trigger the update from the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00057-00037994-00038541": "phone, if this function is available and if you have kept the traffic you might be, might", "4yQG58nYgb0-00058-00038541-00039042": "be happy or luckily and you can, can get the, the firmware from there. But what we did mos-most", "4yQG58nYgb0-00059-00039255-00039679": "of the times was getting the firmware directly from the device because it's located", "4yQG58nYgb0-00060-00039679-00040180": "there,and, so you can, can grab it from there. We used some, some cheap hardware adapters", "4yQG58nYgb0-00061-00040470-00040970": "like the JTAGulator or the bus pirate to connect directly to the the chips. And this for", "4yQG58nYgb0-00062-00041294-00041992": "instance can be done as , as I show you hear, if you find a chip on the device you may,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00063-00041992-00042609": "check the data sheet of this chip and see which parts are opens up are provided and if you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00064-00042609-00043109": "find for instance the SPI interface you can connect the bus pirate to it, which looks", "4yQG58nYgb0-00065-00043109-00043610": "like this on the Akuvox and then you can directly read from the chip over the interface by using", "4yQG58nYgb0-00066-00043900-00044554": "several tools. Here's an example of the flashrom tool, which we used to dump the firmware, after", "4yQG58nYgb0-00067-00044554-00045055": "the dumping the firmware, you can, can analyze as you wish. For instance as with binwalk you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00068-00045055-00045752": "can extract all the data. As you see from the button this, it's not the most stable connection", "4yQG58nYgb0-00069-00045752-00046426": "as every output produces,err, every dump produces a different output, but in the end it did", "4yQG58nYgb0-00070-00046426-00046926": "the job pretty well for us. Another way is the UART interface, if you find the UART", "4yQG58nYgb0-00071-00047190-00047717": "connection on the, on the phone, you may connect the JTAGulator as you can see here in the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00072-00047717-00048211": "picture. And then you can see what happens. Sometimes you get connec er get access to the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00073-00048478-00049045": "bootloader which has a minimum command set available and if you get lucky you can dump the flash", "4yQG58nYgb0-00074-00049045-00049529": "memory from there with the dump command. This command is not always available, but when when", "4yQG58nYgb0-00075-00049529-00050116": "you lucky, you get your firmware from there. But if you more lucky, you get directly into the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00076-00050116-00050617": "root shell and have access to all the data on the chip with this shell. The 3rd way is a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00077-00051037-00051641": "vulnerability inside the, the web interface. For instance if you find a command injection you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00078-00051641-00052235": "may start, tell a daemon to find, which allows to a connection to the, to the phone", "4yQG58nYgb0-00079-00052235-00052852": "over uh over telnet and as it's not intended to run sometimes there is no authentication and", "4yQG58nYgb0-00080-00052852-00053353": "you get a root, root shell directly. And then you can dump the, the data. As the software", "4yQG58nYgb0-00081-00053727-00054274": "inside the work phones are limited and not made for uh dumping all the stuff. You need", "4yQG58nYgb0-00082-00054274-00054774": "sometimes uh some tricks to get data on the phone for instance additional tools or you need", "4yQG58nYgb0-00083-00054988-00055605": "some tricks to get data off the phone after you, you've found whats, whats, useful what you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00084-00055605-00056105": "want to investigate further. Here's and overview about some commands we used, you can check", "4yQG58nYgb0-00085-00056105-00056606": "it out, in the slides later, we won't go into detail here. The last step of the hacking 101 is", "4yQG58nYgb0-00086-00056896-00057397": "the emulation. Once you got the firmware you, you want to run it in a emulator to find the real", "4yQG58nYgb0-00087-00057607-00058298": "interesting vulnerabilities and for doing this, there are multiple ways. We focus on", "4yQG58nYgb0-00088-00058298-00058798": "system mode emulation, which looks like this, we getting a, a QEMU emulator with a ARM or MIPS", "4yQG58nYgb0-00089-00059089-00059753": "architecture and putting the raspbian on top of it. Inside the raspbian we put a CHroot", "4yQG58nYgb0-00090-00059753-00060316": "environment with all the uh data from the firmware we need to, we need to run up the web server.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00091-00060316-00060817": "And afterwards we attach our dynamic analysis tool, for instance a gdb server or gdb", "4yQG58nYgb0-00092-00061097-00061598": "directly or S trace umm in order to analyze the web server, umm almost all the time you need to", "4yQG58nYgb0-00093-00061935-00062555": "patch the binderies you execute as, they looking for some specific umm hardware interfaces", "4yQG58nYgb0-00094-00062555-00063046": "which are only available on the, on the phone, but not on the emulator. You can do this in", "4yQG58nYgb0-00095-00063046-00063546": "multiple ways like hooking or, or patching with gdb you need to a little bit, umm, err, umm, ya,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00096-00064080-00064581": "uh, there are multiple way of doing it. Umm, now the fun part I will go through some findings,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00097-00064951-00065452": "and starting with denial of service. Eh if you mention these phones are located in critical", "4yQG58nYgb0-00098-00065742-00066326": "infrastructures or hospitals and a denial of service, ca, can cause, umm pretty heavy damage", "4yQG58nYgb0-00099-00066326-00066826": "or can, can cost lives so denial of service is a, a, uh is an attack you want to avoid. So the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00100-00067260-00067924": "first thing we, we've found is by, by nmap scanning the meter phone you, you could cause a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00101-00067924-00068525": "denial of service for around half an hour. So the, the hardware is so, cheap and so", "4yQG58nYgb0-00102-00068525-00069092": "limited that the nmaps can for a few seconds can is enough to cause a denial of service. So", "4yQG58nYgb0-00103-00069092-00069726": "you maybe want to spend a little more money on your, your hardware inside your phone. Then", "4yQG58nYgb0-00104-00069726-00070300": "the more interesting is the, is this request at the Cisco phone can anybody guess what's the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00105-00070300-00070800": "problem here? Right, it's the double code in the debt request which leads to assertion fail", "4yQG58nYgb0-00106-00071081-00071581": "and causes the phone to reboot, this, this denies the service for around 5 minutes, but then", "4yQG58nYgb0-00107-00071798-00072295": "you can resend the, the request again and the phone is down forever. Whether this is good or", "4yQG58nYgb0-00108-00072295-00072796": "bad handling everybody can decide on its own, s, uh I you avoid harder damage like remote", "4yQG58nYgb0-00109-00073006-00073506": "excursions but ya its a denial of service attack. Afterwards we looked at known vulnerabilities,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00110-00073803-00074441": "like a CVE from 2017 which caused out of bound reads in the open in the SSLl library which", "4yQG58nYgb0-00111-00074441-00075018": "is used for the HBS connection for the web interface and we found 4 phones which we were", "4yQG58nYgb0-00112-00075018-00075575": "vulnerable to this, and and in some cases the phone reboots and in other cases just the web", "4yQG58nYgb0-00113-00075575-00076066": "server crashes, but in any case you should update your, your libraries or your third party", "4yQG58nYgb0-00114-00076066-00076566": "libraries to save you trouble in this, in this area. So another nice category is the bad crypto", "4yQG58nYgb0-00115-00076990-00077667": "stuff it's always present I think in every talk of us. Starting with the Akuvox. Awae", "4yQG58nYgb0-00116-00077667-00078254": "with this phone yu you can, can export all your, your configuration settings including", "4yQG58nYgb0-00117-00078254-00078865": "the sib credentials and the credentials for the, for the umm, web interface. And they", "4yQG58nYgb0-00118-00078865-00079436": "claim its encrypted as you can see here it’s not plain text, but is it really encrypted?", "4yQG58nYgb0-00119-00079436-00080043": "First thing we did is like checking whether if its base 64 encoded which it isn't. So maybe", "4yQG58nYgb0-00120-00080043-00080590": "it's really encrypted. So we investigated further and extracted the Firmware and found", "4yQG58nYgb0-00121-00080590-00081091": "the implementation for, for the decryption of these, these credentials and we were, we", "4yQG58nYgb0-00122-00081337-00081875": "found a phone aes decrypt method, and we were thinking of all the ecrypt lectures and were", "4yQG58nYgb0-00123-00081875-00082549": "able or we were curious about auditing the Aes encryption from them. But it turns out it’s a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00124-00082549-00083049": "safe int encrypto it's a simpler substitution and it’s no AES at all. And so maybe we can break", "4yQG58nYgb0-00125-00083356-00083913": "this, this crypto, but it turns out you don't need to break the crypto, you get the key for", "4yQG58nYgb0-00126-00083913-00084407": "free. Because it is provided in the firmware image, and so it’s not a secret. So coming to the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00127-00084921-00085422": "classic web attacks. The classic XSS, I mean by adding my favorite contact name, into the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00128-00085729-00086229": "audio codes. I get this, just for completeness I mean we found it on several phones. Umm,ya", "4yQG58nYgb0-00129-00086483-00086983": "input generalization is a thing. Keep doing it. Far more interesting is the Gigaset", "4yQG58nYgb0-00130-00087323-00087907": "Maxwell Basic, where, we've found 2 interesting vulnerabilities, first of all", "4yQG58nYgb0-00131-00087907-00088408": "information leakage, by looking at the, the traffic. When, when asking this end point, it, it", "4yQG58nYgb0-00132-00088902-00089579": "returns to different messages and what does it actually means. The attacker can ask the phone", "4yQG58nYgb0-00133-00089579-00090190": "whether the admin is currently logged in or not. I mean that's not nice, but it's not that bad", "4yQG58nYgb0-00134-00090190-00090804": "right? Umm, I mean, you just know that the admin is logged in but it's not, not state of the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00135-00090804-00091261": "art. We digged a little bit deeper and found the imple implementation for, for this,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00136-00091261-00091761": "inside the [inaudible 15:15] umm, I will explain it in detail here. Normally the admin logs in", "4yQG58nYgb0-00137-00091968-00092485": "a session token generated storaged for the, in the database. To check the further", "4yQG58nYgb0-00138-00092485-00093143": "requests from the admin, whether he knows the session token. Even if, even if the attacker asks", "4yQG58nYgb0-00139-00093143-00093646": "the phone something, he doesn't know the session token, so he sends an invalid token and what", "4yQG58nYgb0-00140-00093646-00094217": "the phones does, right here is, is checks whether the currently logged in user is able to use an", "4yQG58nYgb0-00141-00094217-00094718": "admin and w-with the token, uh just provide us, is equal to the token storaged in the database.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00142-00094921-00095388": "And then it tells you that the admin is logged in. Which is somehow weird because why would", "4yQG58nYgb0-00143-00095388-00095939": "you tell somebody with an invalid token that the admin is logged in. So we digged a little", "4yQG58nYgb0-00144-00095939-00096509": "bit deeper, we extracted the firmware as you might have guessed already. It's a Ph php", "4yQG58nYgb0-00145-00096509-00097203": "implementation, so you can read through the implementation pretty well. And we find, found", "4yQG58nYgb0-00146-00097203-00097897": "how the session or the authorization process is handled. For every request you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00147-00097897-00098535": "provide a, a session token and then it it checks whether a user E is behind this session token", "4yQG58nYgb0-00148-00098535-00099115": "and if the session token is credited a 0 you are allowed to do whatever you want to do. This", "4yQG58nYgb0-00149-00099115-00099616": "is not nice but it’s somehow ok. So we digged a little bit, more deeper and found the following", "4yQG58nYgb0-00150-00100003-00100503": "the Post parameters functions is umm used for, for setting, all the, uh several settings, and", "4yQG58nYgb0-00151-00100850-00101351": "one of the settings are the admin password. So better, secure this method. It, it", "4yQG58nYgb0-00152-00101618-00102248": "starts as the last method, umm, it checks with the A user ID is behind the session token you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00153-00102248-00102749": "sent. And it provides 0 if the session token is invalid. And then it sets the, the para or", "4yQG58nYgb0-00154-00103156-00103753": "the settings you want to give, so changing the password is possible for nearly everybody.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00155-00103753-00104254": "Except the, the admin needs to be logged in as these post parameters function is all only,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00156-00104471-00104971": "only executed when a user is logged in. And this I will show you, in a demo. So on the left", "4yQG58nYgb0-00157-00106005-00106583": "top you will see the victim, and at the bottom you will see the, the script,from the attacker", "4yQG58nYgb0-00158-00106583-00107207": "just checks whether the admin is logged in, the first vulnerability and then, if it's", "4yQG58nYgb0-00159-00107207-00107707": "logged in, it sends the, the rig request for changing the, the password. Now the script is", "4yQG58nYgb0-00160-00107934-00108428": "running and it sees that admin is not logged in. Now admin logs in with this a 3 digit password.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00161-00108631-00109132": "And the script realises that somebody logged in. And he directly changes the password.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00162-00109519-00110019": "On top you will see, that the admin is the real admin, by, you will see it right now, [speaker", "4yQG58nYgb0-00163-00111047-00111471": "laughs] interesting is also, when changing the password, you don't need to know the old", "4yQG58nYgb0-00164-00111471-00111971": "password, and now the admin logs out and the newly set password is 1 2 3 4 5 6 and the attacker", "4yQG58nYgb0-00165-00112185-00112685": "can, can log in and you see that, and the change enter password enter phase is the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00166-00112952-00113453": "admin.[audience applause] So that was it from my side. Stephan will continue with the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00167-00114320-00114821": "rest of the findings. >>Ok, thank you Philip. So at first a short introduction about path", "4yQG58nYgb0-00168-00115038-00115578": "reversal who is not aware about this umm attack from this,umm imagine you have the web server,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00169-00115578-00116219": "web server can provide with web application, can provide some files or can write files by", "4yQG58nYgb0-00170-00116219-00116860": "uploading and for this file handling can request this file name is uh send it to the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00171-00116860-00117377": "applications, now imagine you as an attacker uh change the file name and for instance umm,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00172-00117377-00117917": "preplan some relative path information if the web application does not verify this", "4yQG58nYgb0-00173-00117917-00118468": "information escaping or sanitizing it will be able for an attacker to escape from the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00174-00118468-00119142": "default umm,umm web server folder and can get access to, to different folder uhm on the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00175-00119142-00119753": "system. Such type of vulnerability we found on the Yealink device so can see here", "4yQG58nYgb0-00176-00119753-00120386": "when we provide a few uhm relative path information and the ETC shadow file to the file", "4yQG58nYgb0-00177-00120386-00120887": "parameter. The device responds with the hash of the, umm the route user. This is possible", "4yQG58nYgb0-00178-00121181-00121768": "because of 2 reasons. The first 1 umm, the input value is not verified and the second reason", "4yQG58nYgb0-00179-00121768-00122378": "is that the web server is running as, as root, as we saw most, we’ll see the most web", "4yQG58nYgb0-00180-00122378-00123022": "services are running on root on our phones. But this is not enough, we currently we can just", "4yQG58nYgb0-00181-00123022-00123670": "read 41 to reach is now somehow to get uhmm remote code execution, so we have to, to", "4yQG58nYgb0-00182-00123670-00124170": "upload files. Uhmm 1 feature on the device is for uploading files is the ringtone upload so", "4yQG58nYgb0-00183-00124380-00125071": "our idea was now to, to use or override some umm some script which is umm, to, oh you don’t", "4yQG58nYgb0-00184-00125071-00125769": "see the full text, sorry, don’t know why, uhmm eff, the idea was now to, to override some, some", "4yQG58nYgb0-00185-00125769-00126336": "scripting file which will start the reboot, and the scripting file contents then our code we", "4yQG58nYgb0-00186-00126336-00126836": "want to execute. But the problem was, uhmm, the the upload feature umm the upload, the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00187-00127090-00127747": "overriding of the script file failed. Because the uh the application verifies the file", "4yQG58nYgb0-00188-00127747-00128208": "content says ok this is not a script file, you have to upload some audio file, and that’s why", "4yQG58nYgb0-00189-00128208-00128708": "overriding of the start script failed. But umm, when we analyzed the software we saw", "4yQG58nYgb0-00190-00128935-00129529": "that the, uhmm applications just verifies a few byte of the file header. What we did is, that we", "4yQG58nYgb0-00191-00129529-00130140": "take a few bytes of the file header, prepended to our script file and then we were able to", "4yQG58nYgb0-00192-00130140-00130733": "upload our file. Uhmm then the file is executed or the script is executed of course the first", "4yQG58nYgb0-00193-00130733-00131234": "3 lines are umm recognized as a error but eh operating systems do still continue and our script", "4yQG58nYgb0-00194-00131484-00132132": "umm, will be executed. And so with this way, we get umm files access and code execute", "4yQG58nYgb0-00195-00132132-00132632": "arbitrary codes again as root on the device. Then we were scanning or looking for some", "4yQG58nYgb0-00196-00132902-00133550": "kind of back doors on the phones. We scanned the Akuvox box device and saw ok there is a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00197-00133550-00134154": "telnet port open so umm the first question was that was it running by default, can we turn", "4yQG58nYgb0-00198-00134154-00134617": "if off, or , or why is it running, umm, we don’t know why it’s running but you can not", "4yQG58nYgb0-00199-00134617-00135125": "turn it off, there’s no configuration on the web interface, nothing, so this", "4yQG58nYgb0-00200-00135125-00135819": "thing is running by default. The other thing now is to get somehow access, we need, uhmm", "4yQG58nYgb0-00201-00135819-00136319": "the password. Umm, the firmware image for this device is not public available we we looked in", "4yQG58nYgb0-00202-00136629-00137247": "different forums or on the, the website, it’s Linox image but it is not, umm public available.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00203-00137247-00137747": "But as Philip uh already explained we get some image dump by SPA, and then we extracted", "4yQG58nYgb0-00204-00137954-00138525": "the file system, here you can see how the password hashes and when you a bit aware of password", "4yQG58nYgb0-00205-00138525-00139139": "hashes, you will realize this is a DS cru protection and the problem with DS cru is that the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00206-00139139-00139639": "maximum password length is 8. I have an old GPU on my uhmm, office computer round 4 or 5", "4yQG58nYgb0-00207-00139899-00140487": "years, and took me 30 days to crack it. So you can imagine if you have a newer or modern", "4yQG58nYgb0-00208-00140487-00140987": "device you can crack this in a few days. And then you know the root password or the admin", "4yQG58nYgb0-00209-00140987-00141488": "password, you can log in to this device, by design. Command injections, another type of", "4yQG58nYgb0-00210-00141861-00142509": "vulnerability, we found that this type of vulnerability on 7 or 8 different phones. Uhmm, at", "4yQG58nYgb0-00211-00142509-00143203": "first a short explanation on how it’s working. Uhmm few, few of the or the most phones providing", "4yQG58nYgb0-00212-00143203-00143840": "the web interface some, some diagnostic tools interface for instance, umm ping or enter an", "4yQG58nYgb0-00213-00143840-00144320": "IP address and then they phone the ping, the IP address in the network, this should verify that", "4yQG58nYgb0-00214-00144320-00144838": "the, the device is, is connected and working. So you enter the IP address, the IP address is", "4yQG58nYgb0-00215-00144838-00145482": "forwarded to the web application and the web application con constructs a command and this", "4yQG58nYgb0-00216-00145482-00146139": "command is then forwarded to LIPC system function and function is executing our", "4yQG58nYgb0-00217-00146139-00146816": "command. So here you see our ping, so what will now happen for instance if you append", "4yQG58nYgb0-00218-00146816-00147480": "additional comments with a semi- colon and there is no sanitization, you can see, uhmm,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00219-00147480-00147981": "the input is forwarded again to our application. Combined to 1 comment and executed, so here", "4yQG58nYgb0-00220-00148224-00148875": "you will see at first we will do zero pings because the minus c zero says zero pings then with", "4yQG58nYgb0-00221-00148875-00149375": "the semi colon the command is finished the we execute ALS and the rest is commented out uhmm", "4yQG58nYgb0-00222-00149586-00150133": "is not executed anymore. So this is the study of command injection we found a lot of this", "4yQG58nYgb0-00223-00150133-00150633": "type of vulnerability on the devices, we will just explain 1 here of our findings. So we had", "4yQG58nYgb0-00224-00150854-00151488": "audio coded devices and there, umm we can execute the telnet daemon again via command", "4yQG58nYgb0-00225-00151488-00152168": "injection and then try to get some access via telnet. The problem here is you can see you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00226-00152168-00152719": "need a basic authentication so when you don’t know as the attack of credentials can be a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00227-00152719-00153289": "problem, later we will umm show a few information from our study from the most devices you can", "4yQG58nYgb0-00228-00153289-00153973": "try decode from the admin and it works. But this is not umm, the intention of the attack. We also", "4yQG58nYgb0-00229-00153973-00154474": "tried somehow to, to bypass the authorization but we uhmm we failed. So we s-searched another", "4yQG58nYgb0-00230-00154744-00155378": "way to get somehow access to the device. And what we saw was umm,there is also a change", "4yQG58nYgb0-00231-00155378-00155875": "password, a change password feature on the phone, here you see the, the request and what", "4yQG58nYgb0-00232-00155875-00156406": "you see, is umm, ya you see nothing. The first thing here is there is no authorization header", "4yQG58nYgb0-00233-00156406-00156983": "here, so this means everybody can trigger this request to change the password, but then", "4yQG58nYgb0-00234-00156983-00157620": "you can argue ok, the attacker still has to know the old password. But same story you see", "4yQG58nYgb0-00235-00157620-00158218": "we have a parameter and uh admin, admin this is our user then we have a new password then", "4yQG58nYgb0-00236-00158218-00158745": "we have to verify the new password, this means eh you don’t have to know the old", "4yQG58nYgb0-00237-00158745-00159349": "password. So now as an attacker you can change the password of every user and we also have a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00238-00159349-00159846": "command injection where will have to know the password so when we combine this, we can say", "4yQG58nYgb0-00239-00159846-00160450": "everybody can change a password and you can trigger remote code. We will show this in a short", "4yQG58nYgb0-00240-00160450-00160950": "demo. So here you will now see now the original admin, hes logging in. to verify his, the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00241-00161491-00162095": "original admin password you see here it’s from the umm, authorization request, it’s base", "4yQG58nYgb0-00242-00162095-00162595": "64 encoded you see the original admin password is superpass, and now we log out. As you can see", "4yQG58nYgb0-00243-00163056-00163556": "our attacker script. The attacker script will eff at first change the password", "4yQG58nYgb0-00244-00163807-00164307": "superpass to pass and then the second step, it will execute our command injection with the new", "4yQG58nYgb0-00245-00164601-00165101": "set password. It will show that the new password pass looks base 64 encoded in this way and you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00246-00165341-00165975": "see this is matching our request.[audience claps] ya [speaker laughs] It’s not", "4yQG58nYgb0-00247-00165975-00166476": "finished yet, give me a second, so now we try to trigger our exploit,umm.eh,umm, on the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00248-00166739-00167240": "device by umm at first we have to veri to verify you see there is no telnet running so there’s", "4yQG58nYgb0-00249-00167500-00167994": "no telnet service, so then we execute the exploit. So password changing, the ping, the login", "4yQG58nYgb0-00250-00168695-00169262": "admin password is pass, and again we get a root shell because the service is running", "4yQG58nYgb0-00251-00169262-00169762": "again as root.[audience applause] Ok, thank you. [audience applause] Sometimes", "4yQG58nYgb0-00252-00170086-00170750": "sh*t happens and yeah sh*t happens brings us to stack based buffer overflows, we found on", "4yQG58nYgb0-00253-00170750-00171357": "different devices, buff overflows, umm in our abstract, we announced some arm based, but", "4yQG58nYgb0-00254-00171357-00172005": "we also have some MIPS devices and MIPS is a, a bit more rare, so we decided to explain, the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00255-00172005-00172612": "MIPS attack. Here you see one of the buff overflows, I have to mention this is not err, prehalt", "4yQG58nYgb0-00256-00172612-00173136": "overflow you have to know, you have to be at least a user, but then you can use the buff", "4yQG58nYgb0-00257-00173136-00173636": "overflow to umm, escalate your privileges to get root. Uhmm either way this bug or s", "4yQG58nYgb0-00258-00173923-00174447": "vulnerability is not fixed. Uhmm here you see again to change again the password, there is a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00259-00174447-00175061": "set security password command and the internal code you see on 1 side we have a target buffer,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00260-00175061-00175562": "with 32 bytes, and our input is forwarded as a parameter and used in a copy to comment string", "4yQG58nYgb0-00261-00175802-00176346": "function. You can imagine this sounds like already like some string copying and when we look", "4yQG58nYgb0-00262-00176346-00176920": "into the implementation of the comment string function you see this is a simple wire loop, just", "4yQG58nYgb0-00263-00176920-00177420": "writing each criteria into our buffer, and the loop only stops a bracket or on a , a null", "4yQG58nYgb0-00264-00177657-00178191": "value. So it’s, it’s a buff overflow you find it in each ,uhmm, don’t know college", "4yQG58nYgb0-00265-00178191-00178865": "textbook. And umm here you see an expert of the gdb or debugging you see, we can", "4yQG58nYgb0-00266-00178865-00179496": "control 2 registers, the most important is the return address. So we can control their program", "4yQG58nYgb0-00267-00179496-00179996": "counter jump to our code, and I will explain a bit more now how we get our final exploit. So 1", "4yQG58nYgb0-00268-00180326-00180970": "challenge when you try to exploit such a devices, how do you bypass mitigations like NX,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00269-00180970-00181668": "ASLR and so on, it was very easy, there is no mittication. Then we were a bit lazy and at", "4yQG58nYgb0-00270-00181668-00182222": "first decided ok, we don’t want to write a MIPS shellcode by hand, because I’m not a MIPS sky", "4yQG58nYgb0-00271-00182222-00182919": "and it would be too hard, so we audioed generate shellcode. The next step is, we have to find", "4yQG58nYgb0-00272-00182919-00183493": "the uhh, the, the stack address on,on ARIM exploration you simply make the, or use the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00273-00183493-00184103": "branch to stack point the gadget or on E 86 you make a jump to ESP, best of my knowledge there", "4yQG58nYgb0-00274-00184103-00184604": "is, is not such a, a gadget, in, in err, MIPS, so, so, we have to build it simulate by other", "4yQG58nYgb0-00275-00184924-00185502": "gadgets, and we found 2 useful gadgets, the first 1 simpular user app operation to write the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00276-00185502-00186059": "stack pointer, to to address an addui, then we jump to our second gadget this moves the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00277-00186059-00186559": "addiu to T9 and then we can jump to T9 where our address of our stack pointer plus 32 byte of", "4yQG58nYgb0-00278-00186910-00187410": "set, so, so with this two gadgets we simply find our stack where our shell code will be. We", "4yQG58nYgb0-00279-00187720-00188228": "also have some how to handle the bad characters. This means, umm, when our shell code contains", "4yQG58nYgb0-00280-00188228-00188681": "this kind of cari characters this will not be written completely to the stack. So we", "4yQG58nYgb0-00281-00188681-00189359": "have to somehow encode or oviscate them. So for this we use simply umm EX encryption or", "4yQG58nYgb0-00282-00189359-00190013": "encoding umm we took this idea from a good paper, it’s from Yun Young from vintage point, he", "4yQG58nYgb0-00283-00190013-00190507": "wrote write a very good write paper about MIPS exploration so if you are working in this field", "4yQG58nYgb0-00284-00190507-00191161": "it’s worth to read it. And with all this, we can now decide our final exploit, you see the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00285-00191161-00191661": "payload structure we have a few bodies pending, our 2 gadgets th the decoder and the shellcode.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00286-00192011-00192659": "But there is another challenge, especially on MIPS and sometimes on ARM. So here you can see this", "4yQG58nYgb0-00287-00192659-00193189": "would be our stack lay out, you see the decoder and our instructions, here you see to,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00288-00193189-00193740": "to add operations, which would be just an example for our shellcode. So now our decoder", "4yQG58nYgb0-00289-00193740-00194390": "will modify the, the code and memory, but on the most MIPS CPU you have different types of, of", "4yQG58nYgb0-00290-00194390-00194884": "cache, the 1 side you have the data cache and you have the instruction cache, and when you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00291-00194884-00195401": "modify the umm the code in the memory the data cache is modified but the instruction", "4yQG58nYgb0-00292-00195401-00195922": "cache not and when you try to execute the code, the instruction cache executed but", "4yQG58nYgb0-00293-00195922-00196609": "not the data cache so our modification is not triggered and our shell code, failed. So", "4yQG58nYgb0-00294-00196609-00197143": "we get back and try to, to fix the problem, there are 2 recommendations, on the 1 side", "4yQG58nYgb0-00295-00197143-00197687": "there is a trigger cache function, but we did not find any gadgets in on our device.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00296-00197687-00198218": "Another option is to umm use, the sleep function to, to trigger cache flush.we also", "4yQG58nYgb0-00297-00198218-00198718": "tried this, but after a few days we still failed. I don’t, don’t know the reason, but then we", "4yQG58nYgb0-00298-00198718-00199412": "decided ok, back umm, to roots and we decided simply to write our shellcode by hand and try", "4yQG58nYgb0-00299-00199412-00199913": "to, umm avoid null bytes or other bad characters. I want to give a few hints or umm what you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00300-00200116-00200800": "can do to avoid this, here for instance you see uh uh instruction uh load immediate", "4yQG58nYgb0-00301-00200800-00201401": "instruction to write a constant value to your register and some MIPS instruction have by design", "4yQG58nYgb0-00302-00201401-00202028": "a null byte included, so you can simply split it up use some negative value, inverting and so", "4yQG58nYgb0-00303-00202028-00202662": "on. and play around, and then you will also get your final result and this null byte free.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00304-00202662-00203313": "For setting zero values classic tricks some eek, some eeksaw function, eeksaw registers and", "4yQG58nYgb0-00305-00203313-00203997": "target register you get your null and this instruction is also null byte free. It’s", "4yQG58nYgb0-00306-00203997-00204437": "sometimes, eeh especially when you need strings or other characters it can get a bit", "4yQG58nYgb0-00307-00204437-00205028": "complicated then we also use the our eeks arering this means we took our string value umm", "4yQG58nYgb0-00308-00205028-00205528": "eekoaring already with a exorate constant value put this as our, our baseline and then we can", "4yQG58nYgb0-00309-00205852-00206542": "exorate again during run time and then during the run time we have again our string and so we", "4yQG58nYgb0-00310-00206542-00207043": "can bypass the decoding thing. And Err, umm the shadow cache problem. After that we put", "4yQG58nYgb0-00311-00207297-00207827": "everything in a assembler in this case it was a good online assembler we got our big Endan", "4yQG58nYgb0-00312-00207827-00208501": "in this assembly and can out this in our exploit script. Here we will show you a short demo so", "4yQG58nYgb0-00313-00208501-00209002": "in the lower window you will see our reversal listening. The upper window will execute our", "4yQG58nYgb0-00314-00209305-00209806": "attack script you see ok, our target device online. Here you see the script it is written in", "4yQG58nYgb0-00315-00210033-00210533": "cache. Her, here you can see in the upper side our padding, our 2 gadgets and then umm our", "4yQG58nYgb0-00316-00210760-00211414": "handcrafted reversal shell. We will put this code also online. So I think in the video it’s", "4yQG58nYgb0-00317-00211414-00211961": "hard to see, but also have written some advisairy containing the code. You see", "4yQG58nYgb0-00318-00211961-00212462": "again our exploit is executed, we’re on the device, you see in the lower window. We have access", "4yQG58nYgb0-00319-00212735-00213329": "to the password and so on. We are again root because we already know all web servers are", "4yQG58nYgb0-00320-00213329-00213830": "running as root. ok, [audience applause] here you see a small overview of all the devices we", "4yQG58nYgb0-00321-00214150-00214821": "analyzed, uhmm we had a lot of findings the most critical findings we most announced are", "4yQG58nYgb0-00322-00214821-00215508": "CBCs for the minor findings err, we did not, so so this is just for completeness, below you will", "4yQG58nYgb0-00323-00215508-00216042": "find a link where all we uploaded all advisory we sent to the manufacturer they also", "4yQG58nYgb0-00324-00216042-00216633": "contain our exploits, scripts and everything, so if your interested you can read it. Here", "4yQG58nYgb0-00325-00216633-00217183": "is again an overview of the vulnerability and the devices as you can see we found a lot of", "4yQG58nYgb0-00326-00217183-00217797": "command injections path reversals,a few buff overflows sometimes also a few classic umm", "4yQG58nYgb0-00327-00217797-00218368": "web base attacks. When you looks at short session ID we had 1 web server which was generating a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00328-00218368-00219052": "session ID with a length of 3 characters so we can say this session is very short. We were", "4yQG58nYgb0-00329-00219052-00219552": "also curious uhmm how, how much devices or phones are out there, but you will not get any, any", "4yQG58nYgb0-00330-00219796-00220346": "numbers from the manufacturer. And, as as Philip already explained, normally this devices", "4yQG58nYgb0-00331-00220346-00220887": "should not be reachable from the outside It’s more a problem from,from an attacker from the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00332-00220887-00221387": "inside but we still made a shor shorter scam and here you will see the top 4 erm, devices and", "4yQG58nYgb0-00333-00221591-00222168": "you see nearly over the 10000 devices were still reachable or the web interface reachable,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00334-00222168-00222775": "also made a few sample tests if they used default credentials and we found also the devices", "4yQG58nYgb0-00335-00222775-00223242": "with the default credentials so aah, you should take care about this kind of problem, because", "4yQG58nYgb0-00336-00223242-00223867": "this can be an entry point to your company network when somebody abusers or or,attacks", "4yQG58nYgb0-00337-00223867-00224564": "the published or leaked device. At the end you, should give a few recommendations, I think the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00338-00224564-00225238": "most is aware of this, you, don’t use default credentials, keep the firmware update, you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00339-00225238-00225818": "don’t need a telnet server or a or a, VoIP phone even if you have a web server, mmh , try to", "4yQG58nYgb0-00340-00225818-00226362": "isolate it umm there are a few phones where you can disable it, when you don’t need it, disable", "4yQG58nYgb0-00341-00226362-00226869": "it. And also as we already mentioned it network protection. Try to isolate your, your web", "4yQG58nYgb0-00342-00226869-00227370": "network. Also for developers, there are features called ASLR and NX activate the compile up", "4yQG58nYgb0-00343-00227604-00228258": "press, uhmm, no hard coded keys and also when you implement updates what we saw was there's", "4yQG58nYgb0-00344-00228258-00228758": "just a manual update mechanism, so implement some uh outdoor updated. It will be helpful. So", "4yQG58nYgb0-00345-00229008-00229656": "this is now the end of the technical part, so at the end more more summary eerm and I", "4yQG58nYgb0-00346-00229656-00230156": "think the most are already asking uh or wonder why we have such a lot back to the future", "4yQG58nYgb0-00347-00230156-00230657": "images in it, the last part of the documentation we will make a short umm, time travel to a few", "4yQG58nYgb0-00348-00230904-00231404": "umm historical light year moments you will see why here. So when we go back to 1992 or 91", "4yQG58nYgb0-00349-00231634-00232181": "everybody knew that Linux was uh released and from the concept we have a multi user system, we", "4yQG58nYgb0-00350-00232181-00232825": "have a process isolation so it was a good idea and good baseline. So 96 then someone", "4yQG58nYgb0-00351-00232825-00233436": "realized that ok emm there are some bad see functions we have a problem, we must do something.", "4yQG58nYgb0-00352-00233436-00234013": "So different mitegations were introduced and NX protections ASLR and now we also have", "4yQG58nYgb0-00353-00234013-00234697": "control flow integrity relog and so on. So you can see from this time we have a good umm desktop", "4yQG58nYgb0-00354-00234697-00235335": "PC. I of course think it’s not bulletproof you can still exploit it, but it, it was", "4yQG58nYgb0-00355-00235335-00235835": "harder to attack. Back Then, now we will go the year 2007, we get new umm generation of devices", "4yQG58nYgb0-00356-00236035-00236539": "everybody knows there are smart phones now and what we see now is devices that were released", "4yQG58nYgb0-00357-00236539-00237166": "again everything was running in root with one user. Ok, we realized this is not such a good", "4yQG58nYgb0-00358-00237166-00237861": "idea what have we done. 2010 we introduced again mitigation techniques. So we missed our", "4yQG58nYgb0-00359-00237861-00238511": "chance to to produce uh new designs or protection magnabilities. Now we arrived", "4yQG58nYgb0-00360-00238511-00239158": "today or the last 2 or 3 years, we now in the time of IOTS and the focus. And when you listen", "4yQG58nYgb0-00361-00239158-00239659": "or saw our vulnerabilities or read in the news,where are we the state of 1992. So in our", "4yQG58nYgb0-00362-00239979-00240527": "opinion, something went wrong and so you have to think when you use your web phone on the", "4yQG58nYgb0-00363-00240527-00241190": "desk in some cases you using technology which is in the security state from 28 years", "4yQG58nYgb0-00364-00241190-00241691": "before now. Of cause we made responsible disclosure, informed all vendors about our findings,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00365-00242055-00242635": "we gave them 90 days or more to fix the bug. But sometimes also responsible disclosure can be", "4yQG58nYgb0-00366-00242635-00243333": "hard term sure nee. Here you see a few reactions, I have to mention of cause most corporated", "4yQG58nYgb0-00367-00243333-00243836": "and also tried to fix the problem, but the first reaction sometimes were why are you", "4yQG58nYgb0-00368-00243836-00244277": "investigating our poor phones? What should we say? Yea because we can. Eer sometimes they just", "4yQG58nYgb0-00369-00244277-00244477": "argue,ya, eer, the device is not supported anymore, this is not our problem. Eer I would say yes", "4yQG58nYgb0-00370-00244477-00244677": "this is your problem because your customers still, still use it. And sometimes you just have", "4yQG58nYgb0-00371-00244677-00245178": "to, to argue for instance umm explain that you will publish all your findings on Defcon and", "4yQG58nYgb0-00372-00246042-00246736": "1000 of people will listen and suddenly everything goes a little faster. Umm I already", "4yQG58nYgb0-00373-00246736-00247327": "mentioned that the buff overflow were not fixed. We had 2 vendors which did not react to our", "4yQG58nYgb0-00374-00247327-00248014": "announcement, 1 was umm Htech and the other was aukobox uh we tried to contact them via, email", "4yQG58nYgb0-00375-00248014-00248514": "via, support, via, twitter, via facebook, via Linkin, umm the only thing we did not was going", "4yQG58nYgb0-00376-00248768-00249295": "to China [speaker giggles] mmm but if someone is here from the company they can, can contact us", "4yQG58nYgb0-00377-00249295-00249796": "we will give him more details. Umm at the end we had different, we had 33 different type of", "4yQG58nYgb0-00378-00250133-00250670": "phones, all in all we found 40 vulnerabilities, the most critical we reduced to CVES so", "4yQG58nYgb0-00379-00250670-00251221": "you can, can look it up. We realized during the proto uh during the project there is a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00380-00251221-00251691": "lot of old technology out there, but on the other side umm especially when you look at", "4yQG58nYgb0-00381-00251691-00252308": "newer models and the premium flagship piper or whatever superphones, you see there is a", "4yQG58nYgb0-00382-00252308-00252799": "change, there the newer phones are running for instance with android, which can be good,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00383-00252799-00253486": "because you have process antalation sandbox inulooks umm by design, which makes it more", "4yQG58nYgb0-00384-00253486-00253967": "secure, but now on the other side you have now the feature to install Apps so when you,", "4yQG58nYgb0-00385-00253967-00254657": "install on your,your desk phone some Apps you can err, how can I say, you can bring in new attack", "4yQG58nYgb0-00386-00254657-00255351": "or vulnerabilities umm in the umm start up App. And the question is now do we really", "4yQG58nYgb0-00387-00255351-00256025": "need a web browser or umm WhatsApp on your wipe phone. So I think this is end of our", "4yQG58nYgb0-00388-00256025-00256556": "journey so umm as Phillpe already announced if you have some questions or want to talk", "4yQG58nYgb0-00389-00256556-00257103": "to us, come to the front grab some beer, if you have no question, just thirsty, also", "4yQG58nYgb0-00390-00257103-00257704": "grab a beer, we we brought them from from uh Germany, it’s good Munnik beer. So I can only say", "4yQG58nYgb0-00391-00257704-00258197": "thank you for your attention, here you see our contact details. [audience applause]"}}, {"audio_id": "4ySHlC2sdtQ", "text": {"4ySHlC2sdtQ-00000-00000123-00000437": "Never used APA Style before or just need a refresher?", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00001-00000437-00000668": "The Hodges University library is here for you!", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00002-00000668-00000973": "Let’s break down the basics.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00003-00000973-00001096": "What is APA?", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00004-00001096-00001596": "APA Style is a set of guidelines that determine the conventions of writing for professional", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00005-00001596-00001773": "and academic papers.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00006-00001773-00002283": "This includes how the paper is formatted, how punctuation is used, the word choice in", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00007-00002283-00002648": "your writing style, and how you give credit to your sources.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00008-00002648-00002946": "This may seem daunting, but I promise it will become easy with practice!", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00009-00002946-00003418": "Let’s focus on that last piece: references.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00010-00003418-00003864": "APA citations look a little different based on what type of source you’re working with,", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00011-00003864-00004621": "such as a book or a website, but they are all made of the same parts: who, when, what,", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00012-00004621-00004810": "and where.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00013-00004810-00004991": "Who is who wrote the source.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00014-00004991-00005617": "This could be one or more authors, an organization or government entity, or even a company.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00015-00005617-00005785": "When is when it was published.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00016-00005785-00006198": "This can be a year, a full date, or you can write the letters “n.d.”", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00017-00006198-00006461": "if there is no date.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00018-00006461-00006622": "What is what it’s called.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00019-00006622-00007180": "This is the title of the source, or a description if there is no title.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00020-00007180-00007352": "Where is where it was published.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00021-00007352-00007894": "This might be the journal title, volume, and issue number, the URL of a website, a DOI", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00022-00007894-00008372": "number (which is a specific web address given to journal articles), or the name of a book", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00023-00008372-00008650": "publisher and its location.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00024-00008650-00008750": "That it’s!", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00025-00008750-00009143": "If this still seems confusing, I’ll show you some examples.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00026-00009143-00009333": "In-text citations are the easy part.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00027-00009333-00009718": "These go at the end of a quote or paraphrase in the body of your paper.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00028-00009718-00010768": "These always include the author’s last name, the year, and if available, the page number.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00029-00010768-00011253": "Here are some examples of citations you will probably use most often.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00030-00011253-00011503": "Here is a citation for a website.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00031-00011503-00011867": "The author’s last name goes first, followed by their first initial.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00032-00011867-00012259": "The date comes next, put in parentheses, with the year first.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00033-00012259-00012704": "The title of the website is in italics, and only the first letter and proper nouns are", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00034-00012704-00012804": "capitalized.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00035-00012804-00013362": "Finally, we put “Retrieved from” and the URL.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00036-00013362-00013660": "A citation for a journal article has a little more information.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00037-00013660-00014065": "Again, the author is the same, and the year is listed on its own since we do not have", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00038-00014065-00014209": "a full date.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00039-00014209-00014729": "In journal articles, the title of the article and the issue number are in normal font, but", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00040-00014729-00015093": "the title of the journal and the volume number are italicized.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00041-00015093-00015568": "Just like the website citation, we list the web address where we retrieved this article.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00042-00015568-00015765": "If this is confusing, don’t worry!", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00043-00015765-00016240": "The library has an APA guide to make the work much simpler for you.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00044-00016240-00016416": "This is the library’s homepage.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00045-00016416-00016854": "You can find this through your Blackboard course, through MyHUgo, or just by bookmarking", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00046-00016854-00017123": "library.hodges.edu.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00047-00017123-00017812": "To access the APA guide, simply click on the blue book in the bottom left corner.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00048-00017812-00018319": "This guide has a variety of resources to help you with APA, the first being the Hodges University", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00049-00018319-00018931": "APA Style Guide, which is an incredibly detailed resource for breaking down all the details", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00050-00018931-00019185": "of APA.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00051-00019185-00019539": "There are also templates here for you, so there’s no need to memorize the size of", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00052-00019539-00019811": "your margins or what your header’s supposed to look like.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00053-00019811-00020078": "Just fill in the blanks.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00054-00020078-00020651": "One resource that I would highlight is Citation Fox, which is a great way to get your citations", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00055-00020651-00020870": "right 100% of the time.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00056-00020870-00021449": "It breaks down each source type into great detail, such as how many authors it has, whether", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00057-00021449-00021798": "you found it online or in print, et cetera.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00058-00021798-00022073": "Check out this guide; it has a great amount of resources.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00059-00022073-00022526": "There are things from Purdue OWL, ways to manage your sources, and games for practice,", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00060-00022526-00022964": "so just remember that little blue book to help you out.", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00061-00022964-00023679": "As always, the library has a 15-minute rule, so if you are struggling for more than 15", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00062-00023679-00023870": "minutes, stop and ask for help!", "4ySHlC2sdtQ-00063-00023870-00023948": "Good luck!"}}, {"audio_id": "4z6b_ISNsmg", "text": {"4z6b_ISNsmg-00000-00000248-00000768": "so welcome welcome to Unhinged with the Door Dork where Door Hardware Nerds get together", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00001-00000768-00001280": "we knock and we slam on different door fails you know poorly installed things and today", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00002-00001280-00001784": "we've got a pretty special episode it's going to be focused more around sustainability you", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00003-00001784-00002352": "know it's earth month earth week earth day earth year it shouldn't shouldn't every day be earth", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00004-00002352-00003000": "day right if you think about it we laugh we learn sometimes we cry but most importantly", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00005-00003000-00003511": "we dork out on some doors and have fun and we learn a little bit while we go through it", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00006-00003576-00004136": "today we do have a couple of special guests I'm calling them the sustainability sisters", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00007-00004280-00004848": "hopefully that's okay but please if you could introduce yourself tell us a little bit about", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00008-00004848-00005448": "what you do with the company and then maybe a fun fact let's let's have some fun I'll go first hey", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00009-00005448-00006024": "everyone Amy Musanti director of sustainability here at ASSA ABLOY I've been with the company for", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00010-00006088-00006728": "a little over 15 years now it feels like just yesterday that I started fun fact about me I", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00011-00006728-00007264": "was voted most mechanical in high school I was the captain of the cheerleading squad that fixed", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00012-00007352-00007976": "cars during class so it's good to get to be a Jill of all trades I suppose", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00013-00008104-00008736": "yes most definitely really you were captain of the cheerleading team but you also worked on cards", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00014-00008736-00009032": "cars right yeah wow just enough to be dangerous", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00015-00009240-00009768": "hi everybody my name is Erin Spadavecchia program manager for sustainability I've been with ASSA", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00016-00009768-00010352": "ABLOY for a little over seven years and a fun fact about me is I love being outdoors", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00017-00010352-00011120": "I love kayaking but I'm not that good at it so there you go I've I've only been kayaking", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00018-00011120-00011760": "a couple times but it is hard it's hard work I let the river do most of the most work for me exactly", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00019-00011896-00012640": "and as always you know her you love her Mrs. Mia Merrel you wanna jump on and say hi and", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00020-00012640-00013384": "give us another fun fact yeah so hello everybody welcome to this episode of earth month Unhinged", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00021-00013504-00013816": "I was gonna do a different fun fact but since Amy did her high", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00022-00013816-00014463": "school superlative I will do mine I was voted most likely to become a soccer mom", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00023-00014872-00015400": "yeah do you have the mini van yet Mia my husband has a minivan he is a stay-at-home dad", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00024-00015480-00016000": "I refuse no it's the k it's really the kids minivan so if we're carting the kids around", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00025-00016000-00016744": "they go in the minivan and whoever has to drive them takes that that that's awesome I wish", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00026-00016808-00017088": "actually my dream car is a minivan so I'm", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00027-00017168-00017568": "on that like it's so practical right when you have kids you just throw them in the back", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00028-00017568-00018128": "throw your camping stuff in there it's a fun fact for me right oh if we're going back to high school", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00029-00018256-00018816": "not a lot of people know this but in high school I actually started ballroom dancing and that's", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00030-00018816-00019336": "what I ended up getting a scholarship for and going to college and ended up competing all", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00031-00019336-00020128": "around the world when I was much younger it was a lot of fun and yeah from ballroom dancer to doork", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00032-00020128-00020536": "who would have thought that would happen", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00033-00020552-00021184": "but I was the captain of our ballroom dance team so there you go Amy I've got the captain", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00034-00021768-00022616": "okay so here is how Unhinged works for those who might not know I'll pop up a picture of a door", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00035-00022616-00023272": "we will slam we will knock on the door we'll throw out any helpful tips and then give it a knocking", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00036-00023272-00024072": "score so a knocking score one through ten one not being very good like like this is not too bad", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00037-00024072-00024576": "right and then 10 being pretty knocking bad like we should get this addressed immediately let's", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00038-00024576-00025136": "call the AHJ or fire marshall let's let's take action on this so hopefully hopefully we don't see", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00039-00025136-00025680": "too many 10s out there but you never know okay are you guys ready let's see it do you do a drum roll", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00040-00025680-00026383": "for this or is it just like okay are you waiting for it are you ready I can't wait any longer ready", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00041-00026383-00027136": "let's jump in oh oh this poor exit device yeah is that exit device like vertically yeah", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00042-00027256-00027912": "it it is what it looks like it is wow it's just hard to believe that's what it actually is two rim", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00043-00027912-00028576": "exit devices installed vertically upside down and then somehow they got the push pull bars", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00044-00028576-00029176": "to activate them like these doors actually work from some sort of miracle they work I mean", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00045-00029176-00029783": "this could be considered custom and recycling the first thing of course I notice from you know like", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00046-00029783-00030608": "I'm thinking energy efficiency and sustainability is the large gap going down the center yeah yeah", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00047-00030672-00031239": "you know we always say if you can see the outside from the inside in this case obviously with the", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00048-00031239-00031752": "glass door you can but you should not be able to see that much of it so that's good", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00049-00031752-00032264": "you can the very generous building owner that's paying to heat or cool the outdoors", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00050-00032264-00032896": "at this point you'd be surprised how much energy is wasted from something simple as this a little", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00051-00032896-00033536": "gasketing a little weather stripping goes a long way and I think a properly installed exit device", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00052-00033536-00034160": "goes a long way because I'm sure these doors could have been level and square and plumb but somehow", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00053-00034160-00034712": "this isn't working and it looks like they have the push bar screwed into the exit device yep", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00054-00034800-00035504": "the exit bar the push actuates is it attached to the bottom bolt so yes they have strikes", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00055-00035504-00036096": "installed into the ground which is also like rim strikes not not like what are they called", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00056-00036096-00036744": "the bottom strikes the floor strikes those are like the actual rim exit device strikes that you could", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00057-00036744-00037424": "run and trip over as you're exiting out the door in emergency what is in the black section", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00058-00037424-00037952": "because it's like hard to see between I guess where the bolt would be interacting with the", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00059-00037952-00038552": "strike and the bar like yeah what's in that area oh I I think it's just part of the the rim exit", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00060-00038552-00039240": "this this type of exit device a black section there or an extension well the glass door is", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00061-00039240-00039832": "providing daylighting that's that's about all that looks good here right daylighting is important to", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00062-00039832-00040320": "a sustainable built environment so Erin has a good point there there you go yeah good there's", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00063-00040320-00040904": "a little glimpse of hope in this photo my buddy Scott that sent this over he actually saw that", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00064-00040904-00041400": "someone was doing this all over this resort that he was at so this is like a hospitality", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00065-00041400-00041984": "environment he said three or four exactly set up this way someone was getting creative", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00066-00042040-00042528": "who thought this looked good to Erin's point too from a sustainability perspective like you said", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00067-00042528-00043160": "this is a great use of maybe one product reaching the end of its life and reusing it for something", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00068-00043160-00043800": "else so we talk about product end-of-life recycling and circularity instead of it going", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00069-00043800-00044504": "to landfill it went back into into another project it's impressive yeah it's refurbishment at its finest", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00070-00044672-00045096": "I mean those look pretty worn they could have used those from a different door and installed", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00071-00045096-00045656": "them on this door or maybe they did a remodel and they didn't order the right parts or I mean", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00072-00045656-00046160": "that they're basic they're sustainable in some way it's probably incredible how many people", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00073-00046216-00046848": "walk by this opening and think don't think twice about it right but then people in our world they", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00074-00046848-00047400": "see it immediately and they're like what is this and I need to take a picture of it immediately", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00075-00047520-00048208": "and infect it of course yes you cannot know it you just keep looking okay if you were to give this a", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00076-00048208-00048864": "knocking score one through ten one not being very bad ten being this is pretty bad I give it like a", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00077-00048864-00049456": "six it's not like super egregious because we we got some sustainability going on here but", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00078-00049520-00050048": "it's definitely not good yeah I'd go with that I was I was going around to five or so just", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00079-00050048-00050760": "because it's commendable on the creativity side of things but from an energy efficiency perspective", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00080-00050880-00051632": "not not so good not great that that gap is wasting a lot of energy and risk part of me wants to go", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00081-00051632-00052391": "lower because I don't think there's any code or life safety issues maybe there are I don't know", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00082-00052391-00052960": "the thing is is with surface vertical rods there's often a floor strike that sticks up now the rim", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00083-00052960-00053648": "strikes stick up much farther than those so I guess there is some life safety I'll go four okay", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00084-00053648-00054128": "yes I would completely agree with you I would say the only thing that I would be really concerned", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00085-00054128-00054679": "about is the tripping hazard and then it's not really ADA accessible you know if you had a", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00086-00054679-00055191": "wheelchair how would you open up this door trying to push in on one of these exit devices and it's", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00087-00055191-00055688": "getting caught on your wheelchair so that would be my other callout so maybe I would slightly higher", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00088-00055688-00056272": "that score a little bit but to be fair there's stairs right there that's true if you're worried", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00089-00056272-00057048": "about ADA this is not your exit probably not yeah sure hope you don't need to go out this exit", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00090-00057160-00057728": "good catch good catch okay let's jump into the next one if you want to be featured on", "4z6b_ISNsmg-00091-00057728-00058096": "a future episode of Unhinged please leave a comment down below thanks for watching"}}, {"audio_id": "4z7-PWCDyA8", "text": {"4z7-PWCDyA8-00000-00001200-00001400": "Good evening and welcome to the daily news", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00001-00001552-00001787": "In the latest UN Population Fund research", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00002-00001887-00002876": "data shows that the Philippines has an increased number of cases of teenage pregnancy versus neighboring countries in the Asia Pacific region.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00003-00002876-00003186": "So what is teenage pregnancy actually?", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00004-00003196-00003486": "Let's now go to Sam for the report.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00005-00003556-00004317": "Teenage pregnancy is when a female gets pregnant between the ages 13-19.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00006-00004320-00004977": "It happens to the teens in the lower class while the upper class doesn't even know about it.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00007-00004977-00005127": "As shown in this interview.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00008-00005147-00005370": "Sam: What can you tell me about teenage pregnancy?", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00009-00005377-00006429": "Miki: Um I think it's something very very difficult for... you know when you get pregnant as a teen....... Yeah!", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00010-00006534-00007117": "Sam: And what do you think are some effects, that would happen to a victim?", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00011-00007197-00007789": "Miki: From what I know, I think it stops the teen from completing their studies.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00012-00007789-00008545": "Miki: And it you know it gives them a very hard time to be with society since there's a lot of judgement.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00013-00008595-00009245": "In this next interview, I will be talking to someone who has went through the experience of being a teen mom.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00014-00009245-00009745": "For the sake of this video, she woud like to remain anonymous.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00015-00010033-00010597": "Tell me your experiences when you got pregnant early in your life.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00016-00010734-00010977": "I was 17 when I got pregnant.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00017-00010977-00011677": "It became something difficult to go to school because I had morning sickness", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00018-00011677-00012087": "and I was busy going to the hospital for checkups.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00019-00012087-00012792": "I was also feeling shame because other students can notice that I'm pregnant.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00020-00012792-00013882": "Since I was still young, I had a low birth weight baby and I was always worried because", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00021-00013882-00014441": "the doctor said there is a big possibility that my baby would have childhood disorders.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00022-00014502-00014941": "When my child was born, I started being depressed.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00023-00015002-00015241": "I was drinking alcohol everyday.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00024-00015241-00015841": "I was so scared for the future because I had financial problems.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00025-00015841-00016291": "If I think about it now, I was not ready for the responsibilities", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00026-00016291-00016582": "to handle another human being.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00027-00016582-00016882": "**End of Interview**", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00028-00017022-00017282": "So what can we learn from this?", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00029-00017282-00017715": "Every girl in the world has the right to choose what to do with her body.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00030-00017715-00018194": "However, a possible solution for this is to use contraceptives", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00031-00018194-00018404": "or to even practice safe sex.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00032-00018404-00018722": "Or better yet, don't have sex at all.", "4z7-PWCDyA8-00033-00018722-00018972": "This is Sam, reporting."}}, {"audio_id": "4zjRuNeixfE", "text": {"4zjRuNeixfE-00000-00000017-00000408": "We've learned a lot about the various conservation laws and constituents of", "4zjRuNeixfE-00001-00000408-00000849": "matter that make up the standard model. But we have yet to put these tools into", "4zjRuNeixfE-00002-00000849-00001217": "practice like we might in a real experiment. In this video what we're", "4zjRuNeixfE-00003-00001217-00001655": "going to do is spend some time learning about what reactions and conservation", "4zjRuNeixfE-00004-00001655-00002010": "laws that we already know can teach us about what reactions we might observe in", "4zjRuNeixfE-00005-00002010-00002421": "a real experiment. We'll start this lesson by learning about a few new rules.", "4zjRuNeixfE-00006-00002421-00002856": "These new rules are what physicists call symmetries, symmetries are properties of", "4zjRuNeixfE-00007-00002856-00003254": "an object that don't change when you change the object in a certain way. One", "4zjRuNeixfE-00008-00003254-00003609": "good example, the rotation of a sphere about an axis passing through the", "4zjRuNeixfE-00009-00003609-00003957": "sphere's centre. The rotation transforms the sphere, but does not change how the", "4zjRuNeixfE-00010-00003957-00004254": "sphere looks before and after the rotation. We can generally expect", "4zjRuNeixfE-00011-00004254-00004641": "reactions to follow these symmetries as long as all conservation laws are obeyed.", "4zjRuNeixfE-00012-00004641-00005052": "The first symmetry we're going to talk about is time reversal symmetry. Time", "4zjRuNeixfE-00013-00005052-00005403": "reversal symmetry means we can reverse the time arrow in our reaction diagram", "4zjRuNeixfE-00014-00005403-00005882": "and get a valid alternative reaction. This one can sometimes be tricky, energy", "4zjRuNeixfE-00015-00005882-00006203": "may or may not be conserved when you simply reverse the arrow, meaning that", "4zjRuNeixfE-00016-00006203-00006597": "you might need to add energy to a system for a particular reaction to happen. The", "4zjRuNeixfE-00017-00006597-00006959": "second is charge reversal symmetry. Charge reversal symmetry means we can", "4zjRuNeixfE-00018-00006959-00007247": "replace all particles with their antiparticles or vice versa", "4zjRuNeixfE-00019-00007247-00007758": "in any reaction equation. As it turns out you can also move any particle from one", "4zjRuNeixfE-00020-00007758-00008090": "side of a reaction equation to another if you exchange it with its antiparticle", "4zjRuNeixfE-00021-00008090-00008504": "after the move. This specific case of charge reversal symmetry is called a", "4zjRuNeixfE-00022-00008504-00008793": "crossing symmetry there are some examples of these symmetries and", "4zjRuNeixfE-00023-00008793-00009213": "processes of nuclear beta decay, for example, beta minus decay, which is when a", "4zjRuNeixfE-00024-00009213-00009639": "neutron goes to a proton plus an electron plus an anti-electron neutrino.", "4zjRuNeixfE-00025-00009639-00010136": "Or beta plus decay where a proton goes to a neutron plus a positron plus an", "4zjRuNeixfE-00026-00010136-00010557": "electron neutrino. Remember, beta plus decay is not the same as free proton", "4zjRuNeixfE-00027-00010557-00010922": "decay. This process or more specifically the quark change that underlies this", "4zjRuNeixfE-00028-00010922-00011418": "process, only happens when a proton is in the bound state within a nucleus. Take", "4zjRuNeixfE-00029-00011418-00011765": "the beta minus decay reaction as an example, you can move the electron from", "4zjRuNeixfE-00030-00011765-00012057": "the right-hand side of the reaction expression to the left-hand side", "4zjRuNeixfE-00031-00012057-00012554": "and replace with its antiparticle. Next we can move the electron anti neutrino", "4zjRuNeixfE-00032-00012554-00012894": "from the right-hand side to the left-hand side and replace it with its", "4zjRuNeixfE-00033-00012894-00013362": "antiparticle, finally you can reverse the arrow or apply time symmetry.", "4zjRuNeixfE-00034-00013362-00013911": "Then you get proton goes to a neutron plus the positron plus the electron", "4zjRuNeixfE-00035-00013911-00014270": "neutrino. This is just the equation for nuclear beta plus decay, following on the", "4zjRuNeixfE-00036-00014270-00014612": "example below, some other possible reactions can be found by just applying", "4zjRuNeixfE-00037-00014612-00015015": "both charge conjugation and time reversal symmetry. For example the", "4zjRuNeixfE-00038-00015015-00015594": "anti neutron goes to anti proton plus a positron plus an electron neutrino, or an", "4zjRuNeixfE-00039-00015594-00016062": "antiproton goes to an anti neutron plus an electron plus an anti-electron", "4zjRuNeixfE-00040-00016062-00016559": "neutrino. Both these reactions are also possible to detect as long as energy and", "4zjRuNeixfE-00041-00016559-00016923": "momentum are conserved. Let's have another look at beta plus decay. What", "4zjRuNeixfE-00042-00016923-00017435": "happens if we move the electron neutrino to the left hand side? Well we get proton", "4zjRuNeixfE-00043-00017435-00018018": "plus anti electron neutrino goes to a neutron plus a positron. It turns out this", "4zjRuNeixfE-00044-00018018-00018456": "reaction is what led Clyde Cowan jr. and Frederick Reines to experimentally", "4zjRuNeixfE-00045-00018456-00018954": "verify the neutrino's existence in the 1950s. This led to a Nobel Prize for", "4zjRuNeixfE-00046-00018954-00019431": "Reines in 1995. When they first postulated this as a method for", "4zjRuNeixfE-00047-00019431-00019820": "detecting a neutrino, no one had seen evidence that this reaction was possible.", "4zjRuNeixfE-00048-00019820-00020210": "They use the crossing symmetry, just as we've done here, to guess that it would", "4zjRuNeixfE-00049-00020210-00020604": "work. They then used what they knew about how the neutron and proton would react", "4zjRuNeixfE-00050-00020604-00020943": "with particles in the body of their detector to figure out the unique", "4zjRuNeixfE-00051-00020943-00021434": "signature for this reaction. Lucky for them it all worked, and here are the papers", "4zjRuNeixfE-00052-00021434-00021841": "that are relevant. So just to review what we've learned about these symmetries", "4zjRuNeixfE-00053-00021841-00022401": "both the time reversal and charge conjugation symmetries can operate at", "4zjRuNeixfE-00054-00022401-00022926": "the same time. So you can get some very complex steps leading from one reaction", "4zjRuNeixfE-00055-00022926-00023354": "to another, you do need to remember that these symmetries only apply when energy", "4zjRuNeixfE-00056-00023354-00023679": "and momentum is conserved in a reaction. So that's something you always have to", "4zjRuNeixfE-00057-00023679-00024020": "keep in mind and check if you're going to take what you know about one reaction", "4zjRuNeixfE-00058-00024020-00024462": "and see what it might suggest about something new. In all of these reactions", "4zjRuNeixfE-00059-00024462-00024915": "the fundamental forces are at play, next time we'll learn more about how the", "4zjRuNeixfE-00060-00024915-00025313": "forces that act between particles actually depend on intermediaries", "4zjRuNeixfE-00061-00025313-00025622": "known as virtual bosons."}}, {"audio_id": "4zsqfyyc97o", "text": {"4zsqfyyc97o-00000-00000000-00000200": "YouTube: Click, Subscribe, Listen, Like, and Share.   JESUS ONLY IS OUR MESSAGE.   Please join our online prayer meeting on Thursday. USA: 5.00pm - 6.00pm 712 775 7035 Access Code 344823#   Nigeria; 10.00 pm - 11.00 pm From Nigeria +234 1 440 5221 Access Code 344823#   United Arab Emirates +971 600 521269 344823#   KINDLY PRAY FOR US FOR SOULS THAT ARE THIRSTY FOR WORDS OF GOD AND COMMITTED WORKERS @ DLBC CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA, USA.   We need devoted Christian workers @ DLBC, Charlottesville. Please come and join us. ( molufemi2001@yahoo.co.uk;009 1 434 9626622) Always Fellowship with us @ Deeperlife Charlottesville 4656 Briarwood Dr. Charlottesville, VA 22911.    Sunday Worship: 8.50am- 11.30am,  Monday Bible Study 6.50pm- 8.30pm , Thursday Conference Payer Meetings :5.00pm-6.00pm. (Sub. Prayer Request @ http://www.deeperlifecharlottesville.org.,   USA: 5.00pm - 6.00pm 712 775 7035 Access Code 344823# Nigeria; 5.00 pm - 6.00  From Nigeria +234 1 440 5221 Access Code 344823#   United Arab Emirates +971 600 521269 344823#   DLBC CHARLOTTESVILLE PRAYER REQUEST 1) PROVISION OF PLACE OF WORSHIP MIRACULOUSLY 2)PROVISION OF CHURCH VAN 3)CHURCH'S WORKERS.   I am using this medium to encourage whosoever loves to serve God and want to settle down in or visit USA ( either from Africa, any part of the world or within the USA) to come to Charlottesville. ( LEGAL DOCUMENTS IS NEEDED).   Apply to below school for associate degree nursing program in USA https://www.pvcc.edu/programs/nursing.   Apply to below school for degree nursing program in USA https://www.nursing.virginia.edu/?   Apply @ below website to practice as a Registered Nurse in USA. 1) https://brilliantnurse.com/foreign-in... 2) https://avanthealthcare.com/contact-us/   What I request from you is to come one come all to join us in Deeper Life Bible Church, Charlottesville, VA, USA to work for God together.   https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=SQCL6Y7D3LNHQ   Pas. Matthew Akanmu (Eph.6:9)//www.deeperlifecharlottesville.org"}}, {"audio_id": "4zt_P7BMsFk", "text": {"4zt_P7BMsFk-00000-00000180-00000527": "WELCOME TO ALL HANDS UPDATE, I'M PETTY OFFICER JONATHAN PANKAU.", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00001-00000527-00000803": "THESE ARE YOUR HEADLINES FOR TUESDAY, JULY 15TH.", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00002-00000803-00001228": "NAVY PERSONNEL COMMAND ESTABLISHED A SENIOR ENLISTED AIRCREW ADVISORY BOARD TO ADDRESS", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00003-00001228-00001455": "THE FUTURE OF THE NAVAL AIRCREWMAN RATING.", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00004-00001455-00001930": "THE AIRCREW COMMUNITIES HAVE A PLANNED 60 PERCENT REDUCTION IN MANNING BY 2020.", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00005-00001930-00002276": "THIS REDUCTION WILL IMPACT ADVANCEMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN THE RATING.", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00006-00002276-00002675": "THE BOARD MET FOR THE FIRST TIME JULY 11TH TO DISCUSS LONG-TERM SOLUTIONS TO BEST SUPPORT", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00007-00002675-00002892": "SAILORS AND THE COMMANDS.", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00008-00002892-00003151": "RECRUIT TRAINING COMMAND IS LOOKING FOR ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS.", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00009-00003151-00003589": "IF YOU ARE AN ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN, THIS IS YOUR CHANCE TO MOLD AND MENTOR FUTURE SAILORS", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00010-00003589-00003769": "AS A RECRUIT DIVISION COMMANDER.", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00011-00003769-00004286": "RDCs RECEIVE BENEFITS LIKE SPECIAL DUTY ASSIGNMENT PAY, ADVANCEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, AND COLLEGE", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00012-00004286-00004386": "CREDITS.", "4zt_P7BMsFk-00013-00004386-00005730": "IF YOU'RE INTERESTED, TALK TO YOUR COMMAND CAREER COUNSELOR, OR VISIT THE NPC WEBSITE."}}, {"audio_id": "4ze4gOHR15Y", "text": {"4ze4gOHR15Y-00000-00000000-00000200": "RTX 3090 Ti Spider-Man: Miles Morales | 4K Very  High | SSAO | RT OFF | DLSS BALANCED"}}, {"audio_id": "4zPuGtiRZm8", "text": {"4zPuGtiRZm8-00000-00000394-00000682": "There will be bad days.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00001-00000682-00000903": "Be calm.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00002-00000903-00001384": "Loosen your grip, opening each palm slowly now", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00003-00001384-00001607": "Let go.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00004-00001607-00001832": "Be confident.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00005-00001832-00002158": "Know that "now" is only a moment,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00006-00002158-00002454": "and that if "today" is as bad as it gets,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00007-00002454-00002814": "understand that by tomorrow, "today" will have ended.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00008-00002816-00003024": "Be gracious.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00009-00003024-00003247": "Accept each extended hand offered to pull", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00010-00003247-00003520": "you back from the somewhere you cannot escape.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00011-00003520-00003664": "Be diligent.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00012-00003664-00003888": "Scrape the gray sky clean.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00013-00003888-00004152": "Realize every dark cloud is a smoke screen", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00014-00004152-00004392": "meant to blind us from the truth", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00015-00004392-00004648": "and the truth is, whether we see them or not,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00016-00004648-00004848": "the sun and moon are still there", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00017-00004848-00005216": "and always there is light.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00018-00005216-00005400": "Be forthright.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00019-00005400-00005848": "Despite your instinct to say "it's alright, I'm okay,"", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00020-00005848-00006032": "Be honest.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00021-00006032-00006368": "Say how you feel without fear or guilt,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00022-00006368-00006623": "without remorse or complexity.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00023-00006623-00007048": "Be lucid in your explanation, be sterling in your oppose.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00024-00007048-00007264": "If you think for one second", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00025-00007264-00007520": "no one knows what you've been going through", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00026-00007520-00007800": "be accepting of the fact that you are wrong", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00027-00007800-00008072": "that the long drawn and heavy breaths of despair", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00028-00008072-00008352": "have at times been felt by everyone", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00029-00008352-00008588": "that pain is part of the human condition,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00030-00008588-00008884": "and that alone makes you a legion.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00031-00008884-00009128": "We hungry underdogs", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00032-00009128-00009336": "we risers with dawn", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00033-00009336-00009576": "we dissmisser's of odds", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00034-00009576-00009792": "we pressers of on", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00035-00009792-00010012": "we will station ourselves to the calm", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00036-00010012-00010240": "we will hold ourselves to the steady", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00037-00010240-00010484": "be ready player one", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00038-00010484-00010600": "Life is going to come at you", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00039-00010600-00010912": "armed with hard times and tough choices", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00040-00010912-00011308": "your voice is your weapon, your thoughts ammunition", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00041-00011308-00011480": "there are no free extra men", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00042-00011480-00011752": "Be aware that as the instant now passes,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00043-00011752-00011952": "it exists now as then.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00044-00011952-00012224": "So be a mirror reflecting yourself back,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00045-00012224-00012416": "and remembering the times when you thought", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00046-00012416-00012744": "all of this was too hard and you'd never make it through.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00047-00012744-00013063": "Remember the times you could have pressed quit", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00048-00013063-00013263": "but you hit continue.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00049-00013336-00013516": "Be forgiving.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00050-00013516-00013776": "Living with the burden of anger is not living.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00051-00013776-00013932": "Giving your focus to wrath", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00052-00013932-00014240": "will leave your entire self absent of what you need.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00053-00014240-00014424": "Love and hate are beasts and the", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00054-00014426-00014650": "one that grows is the one you feed.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00055-00014650-00014866": "Be persistent.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00056-00014866-00015263": "Be the weed growing through the cracks in the cement", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00057-00015263-00015472": "Beautiful", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00058-00015472-00015847": "because it doesn't know it's not supposed to grow there", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00059-00015847-00016012": "Be resolute.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00060-00016012-00016284": "Declare what you accept as true in a way", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00061-00016284-00016616": "that envisions the resolve with which you accept it.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00062-00016616-00017112": "If you are having a good day, be considerate.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00063-00017112-00017336": "A simple smile could be the first-aid kit", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00064-00017336-00017520": "that someone has been looking for.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00065-00017520-00017772": "If you believe with absolute honesty", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00066-00017772-00018288": "that you are doing everything you can - do more.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00067-00018376-00018640": "There will be bad days.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00068-00018640-00018904": "Times when the world weighs on you for so long", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00069-00018904-00019208": "it leaves you looking for an easy way out.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00070-00019208-00019328": "There will be moments", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00071-00019328-00019592": "when the drought of joy seems unending", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00072-00019592-00019788": "Instances spent pretending", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00073-00019788-00020240": "that everything is alright when it clearly is not", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00074-00020240-00020464": "check your blind spot", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00075-00020464-00020848": "See that love is still there, be patient.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00076-00020848-00021024": "Every nightmare has a beginning,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00077-00021024-00021216": "but every bad day has an end.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00078-00021216-00021464": "Ignore what others have called you.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00079-00021592-00021832": "I am calling you "friend"", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00080-00021832-00022112": "Make us comprehend the urgency of your crisis.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00081-00022112-00022464": "Silence left to its own devices, breed's silence.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00082-00022464-00022672": "So speak and be heard.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00083-00022672-00022852": "One word after the next,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00084-00022852-00023136": "express yourself and put your life into context", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00085-00023136-00023432": "if you find that no one is listening,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00086-00023504-00023696": "be loud", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00087-00023696-00023920": "make noise", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00088-00023920-00024152": "Stand in poise and be open.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00089-00024152-00024360": "Hope in these situations is not enough", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00090-00024360-00024760": "and you will need someone to lean on.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00091-00024760-00025172": "In the unlikely event that you have no one,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00092-00025172-00025364": "look again.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00093-00025392-00025776": "Everyone is blessed with the ability to listen.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00094-00025776-00026032": "The deaf will hear you with their eyes", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00095-00026032-00026232": "the blind will see you with their hands", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00096-00026232-00026400": "let your heart fill their news-stands,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00097-00026400-00026608": "let them read all about it.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00098-00026608-00027064": "Admit to the bad days, the impossible nights.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00099-00027064-00027295": "Listen to the insights of those who have been there,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00100-00027295-00027536": "but have come back, they will tell you", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00101-00027536-00027792": "you can stack misery, you can pack despair", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00102-00027792-00028032": "you can even wear your sorrow", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00103-00028032-00028264": "but come tomorrow you must change your clothes.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00104-00028264-00028639": "Everyone knows pain.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00105-00028639-00028976": "We are not meant to carry it forever.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00106-00028976-00029280": "We were never meant to hold it so closely,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00107-00029280-00029712": "so be certain in the belief that what pain belongs to now", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00108-00029712-00029888": "will belong soon to then.", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00109-00029888-00030208": "That when someone asks you how was your day?", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00110-00030208-00030392": "realize that for some of us,", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00111-00030392-00030632": "it's the only way we know how to say", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00112-00030800-00031039": "be calm", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00113-00031039-00031504": "Loosen your grip, opening each palm, slowly now", "4zPuGtiRZm8-00114-00031616-00031816": "let go."}}, {"audio_id": "4-k58u4BmqY", "text": {"4-k58u4BmqY-00000-00000018-00000218": "(light music)", "4-k58u4BmqY-00001-00000229-00000421": "Purdue engineers dream big by building", "4-k58u4BmqY-00002-00000422-00000710": "the next generation rovers for lunar mining.", "4-k58u4BmqY-00003-00000710-00001016": "Engineers dream big about building the smallest", "4-k58u4BmqY-00004-00001016-00001220": "organisms to solve the world's biggest problems.", "4-k58u4BmqY-00005-00001220-00001502": "Engineers dream big by developing tools", "4-k58u4BmqY-00006-00001502-00001748": "to improve rehabilitation medicine.", "4-k58u4BmqY-00007-00001748-00002168": "Engineers dream big by designing the cars of the future.", "4-k58u4BmqY-00008-00002168-00002324": "Engineers dream big by creating", "4-k58u4BmqY-00009-00002324-00002614": "low cost delivery systems for satellites.", "4-k58u4BmqY-00010-00002624-00002848": "Engineers dream big by inspiring youth", "4-k58u4BmqY-00011-00002848-00003000": "through competitive robotics.", "4-k58u4BmqY-00012-00003000-00003261": "Engineers dream big by creating solutions", "4-k58u4BmqY-00013-00003261-00003379": "for developing countries.", "4-k58u4BmqY-00014-00003382-00003626": "Engineers dream big by creating the next generation", "4-k58u4BmqY-00015-00003626-00003792": "of electronics to inspire and", "4-k58u4BmqY-00016-00003792-00003986": "motivate future explorations.", "4-k58u4BmqY-00017-00003986-00004240": "Engineers dream big by designing drones", "4-k58u4BmqY-00018-00004240-00004634": "that will shape the future for both work and play.", "4-k58u4BmqY-00019-00004634-00004876": "[Group] Engineers dream big."}}, {"audio_id": "4-uDdZmU-AM", "text": {"4-uDdZmU-AM-00000-00000136-00002732": "[Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] thank you [Applause] [Music]", "4-uDdZmU-AM-00001-00002732-00005835": "[Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] come on [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] here", "4-uDdZmU-AM-00002-00005835-00008214": "[Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] thank you [Music] [Applause]", "4-uDdZmU-AM-00003-00008214-00010786": "[Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause] [Music] myself", "4-uDdZmU-AM-00004-00010786-00011007": "foreign foreign"}}, {"audio_id": "4-bkvQSm_EY", "text": {"4-bkvQSm_EY-00000-00000000-00019530": "Music Mix"}}, {"audio_id": "4_ikx5Bd7SU", "text": {"4_ikx5Bd7SU-00000-00000000-00003215": "[Music] Control my fire. My nemesis of success and completion is my oasis of escape. It is for", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00001-00003215-00003992": "all of us, but do you have control of it. Those who are successful in my eyes are those who can", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00002-00003992-00004601": "control the environment of that escape. Safety and comfort are an evident capability of those", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00003-00004601-00005342": "with experience. We search for these things but it must be expected that it takes time and patience", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00004-00005342-00006137": "to perfect them. Practice makes perfect. Each individual desires different things so the journey", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00005-00006137-00006970": "must be different. I personally seek balance among other things. Balance is what I've missed", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00006-00006970-00007676": "for so long although I was in my mind convinced either I had balance or on the flip side did not", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00007-00007676-00008396": "need it. As if I was greater than balance able in my mind to become as tenacious ravenous devour.", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00008-00008558-00009650": "I need to balance my time, my energy, my emotions, myself. And all this is a constant juggling", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00009-00009650-00010352": "contest I have not any arms but I guess this is why one must be able to look at others for help", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00010-00010352-00011171": "but when I'm in this cage I can ask they cannot reach beyond the bars the jail I have made. And", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00011-00011171-00012032": "so the balance I seek can any be achieved one way and one way alone. I tell myself I'm not angry,", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00012-00012032-00012830": "that anger is for those who are weak and lack control, but I am deeply angry. I tell myself", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00013-00012830-00013397": "I am not sad, that sadness is for those who are lonely and without hope, but I am bitterly sad.", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00014-00013397-00014044": "I tell myself I am not happy or cannot be, that happiness is for the foolish and stupid,", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00015-00014044-00015002": "but I fiercely hunger to be happy. I tell myself I am not scared, that fear is for victims but I am", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00016-00015002-00015808": "terrified to the core of my being. I tell myself I am not mortal, mortality is for those who allow it", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00017-00015808-00016537": "but every day I feel it creeping closer. I tell myself I can be whatever I want to be and those", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00018-00016537-00017473": "who doubt me have their vision, but I am lost wandering the depths of my self-fulfilled future.", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00019-00017944-00018049": "I'm here now.", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00020-00018274-00018997": "And I will allow myself these things, with time I want to feel more and stop blocking it all away.", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00021-00019097-00019646": "Because ultimately I do know what to be rejected although rejection happens anyway", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00022-00019646-00020294": "when the suppression is only hurting me, it is protecting no one around me.", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00023-00020502-00021006": "Wrapped myself in cushions not to break the fall, but to try and accommodate", "4_ikx5Bd7SU-00024-00021006-00023116": "those who come into my life. Failed, and now I will try something new. [Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "4_zjASt2unY", "text": {"4_zjASt2unY-00000-00000608-00003261": "of his surroundings the warrior found himself captured like a fly web of the fuels [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00001-00003261-00005328": "never never again", "4_zjASt2unY-00002-00005328-00006017": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00003-00006017-00006706": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00004-00006706-00007395": "together", "4_zjASt2unY-00005-00007395-00008085": "manners", "4_zjASt2unY-00006-00008085-00009248": "not to worry I am quite skilled that teaching respect", "4_zjASt2unY-00007-00009248-00012471": "for what you think I owe you that", "4_zjASt2unY-00008-00012471-00013188": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00009-00013188-00014625": "means nothing", "4_zjASt2unY-00010-00014625-00015343": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00011-00015343-00016060": "Christmas", "4_zjASt2unY-00012-00016060-00016363": "I will not be ruined by Immortal", "4_zjASt2unY-00013-00016363-00017170": "you think you are special because Aries chose you are nothing", "4_zjASt2unY-00014-00017170-00018967": "I will not indulge you as my sisters he Bears a mind like I have never seen he is the one", "4_zjASt2unY-00015-00018967-00020476": "he will free us from the fury stay away", "4_zjASt2unY-00016-00020476-00021711": "[Music] thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00017-00021711-00025129": "glory be to Olympus I am free [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00018-00025129-00026601": "foreign [Applause]", "4_zjASt2unY-00019-00026601-00027336": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00020-00027336-00028808": "thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00021-00028808-00031244": "my I will take care of us", "4_zjASt2unY-00022-00031244-00033721": "you you had me pain for the last time Spartan", "4_zjASt2unY-00023-00033721-00036825": "thank you foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00024-00036825-00040451": "Kratos struggled to remember the weeks prior to his imprisonment to the time when he set", "4_zjASt2unY-00025-00040451-00042062": "out to break his bond with Aries the God of War", "4_zjASt2unY-00026-00042062-00042495": "[Applause]", "4_zjASt2unY-00027-00042495-00043443": "your mind is troubled your skills are still without equal do you have business with me", "4_zjASt2unY-00028-00043443-00044164": "I do but this is not the matter to discuss it I see no other way you have no reason to", "4_zjASt2unY-00029-00044164-00045259": "trust me Spartan I only ask that you try", "4_zjASt2unY-00030-00045259-00045538": "your thoughts are not your own but I can help you", "4_zjASt2unY-00031-00045538-00046099": "I believe these belong to you", "4_zjASt2unY-00032-00046099-00048700": "as these items to deal your mind Kratos do not let illusion deceive you [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00033-00048700-00049632": "Visions ceased I see only you God you will need this skill for the path ahead and what", "4_zjASt2unY-00034-00049632-00050571": "path is that the path of Freedom Kratos", "4_zjASt2unY-00035-00050571-00051380": "Freedom yes freedom from the furies who relentlessly hunt you in the name of Aries and ultimately", "4_zjASt2unY-00036-00051380-00051915": "freedom from your bound to the God of War himself break an oath with a god", "4_zjASt2unY-00037-00051915-00053412": "of all the minds in question mine is not the one to worry about", "4_zjASt2unY-00038-00053412-00053574": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00039-00053574-00054511": "[Music] to illusion in the beat of a heart is that any life for a great warrior Fury's", "4_zjASt2unY-00040-00054511-00054970": "on here cannot know I speak with you I will draw them away", "4_zjASt2unY-00041-00054970-00056143": "they'll provide Kratos seek the oracle", "4_zjASt2unY-00042-00056143-00057136": "please the Oracle this time I know it", "4_zjASt2unY-00043-00057136-00057588": "no no but my gifts she must have them all", "4_zjASt2unY-00044-00057588-00059592": "it will have to be enough", "4_zjASt2unY-00045-00059592-00061772": "help me someone please help me", "4_zjASt2unY-00046-00061772-00062208": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00047-00062208-00062644": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00048-00062644-00063227": "we have given you all you need for success and yet you still fail us the statues were", "4_zjASt2unY-00049-00063227-00063837": "to be completed by now it is a massive task you have set before us master my brothers", "4_zjASt2unY-00050-00063837-00064351": "they they need food and rest you have not been asked to speak", "4_zjASt2unY-00051-00064351-00065836": "and who will be next", "4_zjASt2unY-00052-00065836-00066570": "you you there you are now charged with the task of completing the statues as you wish", "4_zjASt2unY-00053-00066570-00067170": "we hope your work is better than that of your friend here we can no longer stand the sight", "4_zjASt2unY-00054-00067170-00067431": "of you make us sick", "4_zjASt2unY-00055-00067431-00067899": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00056-00067899-00071280": "worthless what pathetic every last one of them", "4_zjASt2unY-00057-00071280-00071929": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00058-00071929-00073483": "raise your offerings for Elysia we will decide if they are worthy at our will I offer nothing", "4_zjASt2unY-00059-00073483-00074504": "you presume to seek audience with the Oracle and yet you bring no offerings both but bold", "4_zjASt2unY-00060-00074504-00075201": "although you must have good reason to seek the Oracle carrying such a mark return when", "4_zjASt2unY-00061-00075201-00076198": "you have brought appropriate sacrifice I have come to see the oracle and that is what I", "4_zjASt2unY-00062-00076198-00076662": "intend to do I would have liked to hear your story Warrior it is a shame you fail to see", "4_zjASt2unY-00063-00076662-00076821": "reason remove him", "4_zjASt2unY-00064-00076821-00077048": "laughs", "4_zjASt2unY-00065-00077048-00078859": "we have to find a better slave trader", "4_zjASt2unY-00066-00078859-00079776": "not tolerate your imputence you will not see her", "4_zjASt2unY-00067-00079776-00079876": "Minecraft", "4_zjASt2unY-00068-00079876-00079976": "so we'll get you killed", "4_zjASt2unY-00069-00079976-00083475": "I know he gains I will take care of him", "4_zjASt2unY-00070-00083475-00084297": "arrogant fool", "4_zjASt2unY-00071-00084297-00084708": "s", "4_zjASt2unY-00072-00084708-00085119": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00073-00085119-00087871": "you may be a great warrior but you have no place in our Temple you will never see the", "4_zjASt2unY-00074-00087871-00087979": "oracle", "4_zjASt2unY-00075-00087979-00089855": "[Music] [Applause] my quite persistent isn't it his persistence only means his death", "4_zjASt2unY-00076-00089855-00090346": "thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00077-00090346-00092354": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00078-00092354-00096370": "thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00079-00096370-00102569": "I grow tired of my brothers", "4_zjASt2unY-00080-00102569-00103809": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00081-00103809-00105048": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00082-00105048-00105629": "thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00083-00105629-00106033": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00084-00106033-00106436": "[Applause]", "4_zjASt2unY-00085-00106436-00108454": "I am but an innocent", "4_zjASt2unY-00086-00108454-00108857": "alethia", "4_zjASt2unY-00087-00108857-00110536": "The Relic your various no effect on me then I fear you are Beyond Aid do not worry the", "4_zjASt2unY-00088-00110536-00111359": "situation before me is clear waited for this day", "4_zjASt2unY-00089-00111359-00112720": "our thoughts are clouded your mind conflicted Warrior I can feel it you seek the truth yes", "4_zjASt2unY-00090-00112720-00114796": "[Music] so be it but remember the truth always comes with a prize", "4_zjASt2unY-00091-00114796-00115431": "enemies innocent", "4_zjASt2unY-00092-00115431-00116065": "all right", "4_zjASt2unY-00093-00116065-00117948": "your bond is complete what's done is done it cannot be undone no", "4_zjASt2unY-00094-00117948-00118671": "the Furious infect your mind because you run from your oath to Aries they will stop at", "4_zjASt2unY-00095-00118671-00119577": "nothing should you resist so the shade speaks the truth the intentions of oracles are pure", "4_zjASt2unY-00096-00119577-00120146": "orcos but he is a fury and he will play his part in time", "4_zjASt2unY-00097-00120146-00121720": "for sure to be free of the madness that infects you you must defeat those who hold your bond", "4_zjASt2unY-00098-00121720-00122581": "with the God of War how can I defeat the furies when all I see is illusion across the sea", "4_zjASt2unY-00099-00122581-00123144": "the lantern of delos Keeps The Eyes Of Truth delos", "4_zjASt2unY-00100-00123144-00124816": "find the eyes and they will show you the path to Freedom", "4_zjASt2unY-00101-00124816-00125059": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00102-00125059-00127156": "thank you only a cow would hides himself vocals", "4_zjASt2unY-00103-00127156-00127608": "you know I'm one of the furies who forged your bond would have killed me before I could", "4_zjASt2unY-00104-00127608-00128384": "even speak then tell me what has brought you to this betrayal of your own kind it was you", "4_zjASt2unY-00105-00128384-00128993": "the Injustice of your oath that made me doubtful", "4_zjASt2unY-00106-00128993-00129697": "but through all your suffering you still do not understand why you were chosen why Aries", "4_zjASt2unY-00107-00129697-00130893": "needed you why he still means speak clearly oh craters the God of War has been plotting", "4_zjASt2unY-00108-00130893-00131656": "for years I was brought forth by the joining of the war God and the fury Queen", "4_zjASt2unY-00109-00131656-00132395": "enrage and Insanity Aries hope to conceive the perfect [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00110-00132395-00133002": "that I was only a disappointment to him", "4_zjASt2unY-00111-00133002-00133972": "it was my mother's who spared me they gave me the task of keeping the Earth's", "4_zjASt2unY-00112-00133972-00134683": "my burden was great I was determined to be of service to those who said they loved me", "4_zjASt2unY-00113-00134683-00135318": "to you Kratos it was the final task of your bond that made me question the actions of", "4_zjASt2unY-00114-00135318-00135953": "my family [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00115-00135953-00137075": "I sought counsel with Alicia it was she who revealed to me the plot of Aries to overthrow", "4_zjASt2unY-00116-00137075-00137949": "Zeus but he needed the perfect Warrior Ares molded you to take down the very walls of", "4_zjASt2unY-00117-00137949-00138049": "Olympus", "4_zjASt2unY-00118-00138049-00139337": "Aries destroy my enemies and my life is yours", "4_zjASt2unY-00119-00139337-00140386": "beholden only to him Aries and my mother's devised three blood tasks spill the blood", "4_zjASt2unY-00120-00140386-00141190": "of your enemies the blood of innocent", "4_zjASt2unY-00121-00141190-00141946": "blood of your very the past is past you now seek to rectify and I will do so without the", "4_zjASt2unY-00122-00141946-00143559": "aid of a fury", "4_zjASt2unY-00123-00143559-00144087": "[Applause]", "4_zjASt2unY-00124-00144087-00145141": "thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00125-00145141-00145850": "as Kratos looked upon the gym he realized all he may do was fight the forces that gnawed", "4_zjASt2unY-00126-00145850-00146739": "at his mind his thoughts now clear the warrior turned his rage to the remaining Furies and", "4_zjASt2unY-00127-00146739-00146876": "their ultimate defeat", "4_zjASt2unY-00128-00146876-00149166": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00129-00149166-00150012": "I have watched you over the years when you were just a boy I saw the signs even the loss", "4_zjASt2unY-00130-00150012-00150984": "of your brother did not sway your focus the tragedy only improved you you honed your skills", "4_zjASt2unY-00131-00150984-00151482": "and now Kratos you have fulfilled your promise of greatness", "4_zjASt2unY-00132-00151482-00152718": "you served with honor you brought glory to us all today you have earned your place among", "4_zjASt2unY-00133-00152718-00153061": "us as the greatest General spotter has ever known", "4_zjASt2unY-00134-00153061-00154170": "so there is something you value more than ambition", "4_zjASt2unY-00135-00154170-00155968": "this will definitely have to go into the record record must record must record", "4_zjASt2unY-00136-00155968-00156430": "you're the Spartan that August talked about aren't you", "4_zjASt2unY-00137-00156430-00157552": "look at this town what do you know of the oath keeper I know he paid for what he's done", "4_zjASt2unY-00138-00157552-00158459": "they say he was the first marked one but his father didn't like the way he turned out I", "4_zjASt2unY-00139-00158459-00159327": "know I was the first man to be put here by the furies see I've been keeping a record", "4_zjASt2unY-00140-00159327-00160365": "s was born here then his mother's day they became they used to be fair harsh but fair", "4_zjASt2unY-00141-00160365-00161191": "had something to do with Aries I imagine the way they treated him that is no reason to", "4_zjASt2unY-00142-00161191-00162127": "betray your own betrayed his own sounds familiar doesn't it but he did it because of you I", "4_zjASt2unY-00143-00162127-00163323": "did not ask for his help but he'll received it nonetheless didn't you Spartan", "4_zjASt2unY-00144-00163323-00164102": "this will make a wonderful addition to the record", "4_zjASt2unY-00145-00164102-00166671": "it's not a pleasure of the flesh Or Glory will return you to us and only one thing left", "4_zjASt2unY-00146-00166671-00167020": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00147-00167020-00169085": "it matters not that you have my son's Joy it is your heart that will betray you", "4_zjASt2unY-00148-00169085-00170288": "Kratos knew he was close to a time when illusion would have no power over him close to the", "4_zjASt2unY-00149-00170288-00171297": "defeat of the furies and finally close to the freedom you so depth desperately sought", "4_zjASt2unY-00150-00171297-00171996": "we get past jealous the happier I'll be they say it is cursed too bad we can't sell South", "4_zjASt2unY-00151-00171996-00172257": "until us", "4_zjASt2unY-00152-00172257-00173558": "they say that grave Archimedes built that statue for Apollo", "4_zjASt2unY-00153-00173558-00174918": "[Music] why do we stop at this cursed Island", "4_zjASt2unY-00154-00174918-00178411": "he's gone let us leave this wretched Place quickly before we are cursed too", "4_zjASt2unY-00155-00178411-00179251": "foreign [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00156-00179251-00180143": "Army in disarray return to US general lead us to Victory do not exist you are of my mind", "4_zjASt2unY-00157-00180143-00181799": "Return To Your Roots return to who you are Spartan [Music] we only need to bring you", "4_zjASt2unY-00158-00181799-00181899": "home", "4_zjASt2unY-00159-00181899-00182644": "my home is it Sparta", "4_zjASt2unY-00160-00182644-00182928": "sister show him what Spartan does to a traitor", "4_zjASt2unY-00161-00182928-00183028": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00162-00183028-00183128": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00163-00183128-00184214": "all right [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00164-00184214-00186686": "come together", "4_zjASt2unY-00165-00186686-00187922": "countries", "4_zjASt2unY-00166-00187922-00189158": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00167-00189158-00197910": "and pain is what he shall receive you thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00168-00197910-00198010": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00169-00198010-00198110": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00170-00198110-00198210": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00171-00198210-00198310": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00172-00198310-00198410": "enough", "4_zjASt2unY-00173-00198410-00199038": "it's time greatness return to your rightful place perhaps if you serve your purpose well", "4_zjASt2unY-00174-00199038-00200016": "you will even end up on Olympus one day I will never serve Aries again", "4_zjASt2unY-00175-00200016-00201563": "yeah your methods fail us magira I will take care of him you will return death first I", "4_zjASt2unY-00176-00201563-00201820": "should have done this a long time ago", "4_zjASt2unY-00177-00201820-00202885": "oh Barton this time you will fail", "4_zjASt2unY-00178-00202885-00203901": "what have you done you put weakling find them you will never reach the lantern Spartan", "4_zjASt2unY-00179-00203901-00204948": "thank", "4_zjASt2unY-00180-00204948-00205048": "you", "4_zjASt2unY-00181-00205048-00205522": "you will never reach the eyes now that my mothers know you are after them this power", "4_zjASt2unY-00182-00205522-00206219": "helped me escape hecatonqueries and what will happen to you if you do not succeed my fate", "4_zjASt2unY-00183-00206219-00206905": "is sealed regardless", "4_zjASt2unY-00184-00206905-00207398": "Electro has destroyed the only path that leads to the lantern before I could have told you", "4_zjASt2unY-00185-00207398-00207811": "how to get to it but now you will need to find a new way", "4_zjASt2unY-00186-00207811-00210214": "not much further now spot inside there are the eyes of Truth the very same eyes my mother's", "4_zjASt2unY-00187-00210214-00210773": "ruthlessly poured from Alessia", "4_zjASt2unY-00188-00210773-00211813": "I learned of the plot between my parents to overthrow Olympus I could not believe alethea's", "4_zjASt2unY-00189-00211813-00212893": "words then she showed me the truth that the God of War would bring down the very walls", "4_zjASt2unY-00190-00212893-00213169": "knew I must stop them", "4_zjASt2unY-00191-00213169-00214037": "alethia and I sought to warn Zeus but when Aries learned of our attempt sent my mothers", "4_zjASt2unY-00192-00214037-00214137": "out to us", "4_zjASt2unY-00193-00214137-00215729": "the eyes were brutally ripped from my beloved she became a prisoner in her own Temple Aries", "4_zjASt2unY-00194-00215729-00216348": "and my mothers knew that if the eyes of Truth were hidden their wicked plot would not be", "4_zjASt2unY-00195-00216348-00217411": "revealed and soon they would Reign Over The Gods themselves", "4_zjASt2unY-00196-00217411-00217886": "to keep their plan in motion they need you backspot they will stop at nothing until you", "4_zjASt2unY-00197-00217886-00220230": "return to Lord Aries Aries will have to find another to do his building I know he will", "4_zjASt2unY-00198-00220230-00221076": "say things right", "4_zjASt2unY-00199-00221076-00221759": "I'm sorry started when I learned that my mothers were close I came to what Earth we have special", "4_zjASt2unY-00200-00221759-00224485": "plans for you myself all this effort and you still fail", "4_zjASt2unY-00201-00224485-00225327": "come sisters we will break him within the walls [Music] Kratos found himself defeated", "4_zjASt2unY-00202-00225327-00226118": "and this time though Olympian would come to his Aid satisfy the sisters returned home", "4_zjASt2unY-00203-00226118-00232333": "with their prize within the walls of their prison they will delve into the broken Warriors", "4_zjASt2unY-00204-00232333-00242485": "soul and entice Kratos back to his place as a servant of Aries", "4_zjASt2unY-00205-00242485-00242585": "thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00206-00242585-00242685": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00207-00242685-00242785": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00208-00242785-00242885": "[Music] foreign [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00209-00242885-00242985": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00210-00242985-00243085": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00211-00243085-00243185": "thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00212-00243185-00243285": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00213-00243285-00243385": "thank you [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00214-00243385-00243485": "I have been away far too long", "4_zjASt2unY-00215-00243485-00243958": "you can see her in the morning come", "4_zjASt2unY-00216-00243958-00245088": "[Music] foreign [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00217-00245088-00245465": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00218-00245465-00247263": "all that you have lost can be yours once again this issue in service to Lord Ares then this", "4_zjASt2unY-00219-00247263-00247925": "is what you shall have", "4_zjASt2unY-00220-00247925-00248554": "it it is not real I can be your reality", "4_zjASt2unY-00221-00248554-00249544": "the hard part is over Spartan you have committed the ultimate sacrifice offer yourself to us", "4_zjASt2unY-00222-00249544-00250334": "completely and you shall live in Blissful illusion never", "4_zjASt2unY-00223-00250334-00251826": "and let death be your reality", "4_zjASt2unY-00224-00251826-00252330": "what is the meaning of this", "4_zjASt2unY-00225-00252330-00252754": "you have made a poor choice Spartan", "4_zjASt2unY-00226-00252754-00252981": "[Applause]", "4_zjASt2unY-00227-00252981-00253434": "all right", "4_zjASt2unY-00228-00253434-00255700": "[Music] yes a simple trinket will not defeat our sister", "4_zjASt2unY-00229-00255700-00257604": "[Music] beautify me you are but immortal", "4_zjASt2unY-00230-00257604-00257763": "you should have taken our office", "4_zjASt2unY-00231-00257763-00258582": "steak", "4_zjASt2unY-00232-00258582-00259796": "I am the queen of the furies", "4_zjASt2unY-00233-00259796-00261892": "thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00234-00261892-00266083": "There's No Escape [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00235-00266083-00267131": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00236-00267131-00269226": "[Music] foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00237-00269226-00270274": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00238-00270274-00271322": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00239-00271322-00272370": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00240-00272370-00273418": "wow", "4_zjASt2unY-00241-00273418-00274466": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00242-00274466-00275528": "thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00243-00275528-00280728": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00244-00280728-00285928": "YouTube", "4_zjASt2unY-00245-00285928-00296328": "all right", "4_zjASt2unY-00246-00296328-00306728": "[Music] foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00247-00306728-00311928": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00248-00311928-00317128": "oops", "4_zjASt2unY-00249-00317128-00322328": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00250-00322328-00327528": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00251-00327528-00330434": "thank", "4_zjASt2unY-00252-00330434-00330534": "you", "4_zjASt2unY-00253-00330534-00330634": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00254-00330634-00330734": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00255-00330734-00331021": "you are not fit to be called a Spartan", "4_zjASt2unY-00256-00331021-00331239": "I lost everything because of you", "4_zjASt2unY-00257-00331239-00333222": "foreign [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00258-00333222-00334214": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00259-00334214-00335206": "[Applause]", "4_zjASt2unY-00260-00335206-00336181": "you think you want truth like truth will only bring you pain foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00261-00336181-00336416": "[Applause]", "4_zjASt2unY-00262-00336416-00336652": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00263-00336652-00336888": "foreign", "4_zjASt2unY-00264-00336888-00337123": "[Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00265-00337123-00342767": "[Music] thank you", "4_zjASt2unY-00266-00342767-00343374": "I would not have been strong enough to choose your path Spartan orcos I would have taken", "4_zjASt2unY-00267-00343374-00344274": "with my mother's offered I would rather live in truth I fear you may come to regret those", "4_zjASt2unY-00268-00344274-00344613": "words", "4_zjASt2unY-00269-00344613-00345698": "Lord Ares still holds your bond this cannot be before you killed them my mother's once", "4_zjASt2unY-00270-00345698-00346917": "again made me your host keeper [Music] for you to be free I must die by your hat I do", "4_zjASt2unY-00271-00346917-00347570": "not understand if you do not release me my father will retain power over you but even", "4_zjASt2unY-00272-00347570-00348683": "worse I will live in Eternal torture I have spilled enough innocent blood there is no", "4_zjASt2unY-00273-00348683-00349987": "other ways button destroy the oath kill Ares have your revenge [Music] I was never the", "4_zjASt2unY-00274-00349987-00351764": "warrior my father wanted me to be please all I ask give me an honorable death [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00275-00351764-00352510": "with the death of orcos the Blood Oath to Aries was finally broken and the painful truth", "4_zjASt2unY-00276-00352510-00353149": "rushed back to kratos's mind the truth of the murder he committed the slaughter of his", "4_zjASt2unY-00277-00353149-00354234": "wife and child the Carnage forged from his Relentless ambition surfaced in perfect clarity", "4_zjASt2unY-00278-00354234-00355732": "and became the visions that would haunt him all of his days [Music]", "4_zjASt2unY-00279-00355732-00356223": "[Applause]", "4_zjASt2unY-00280-00356223-00358460": "now free of the fury is madness but still tortured by the truth of his past Kratos left", "4_zjASt2unY-00281-00358460-00358962": "the only home he'd ever known and set out to undo all that he had walked", "4_zjASt2unY-00282-00358962-00358970": "foreign thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "4ApC2rV_xmI", "text": {"4ApC2rV_xmI-00000-00001396-00002241": "Hello everyone welcome to this material characterization course. In the last class we looked at the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00001-00002241-00003053": "X-ray diffraction conditions through Laue equations and we compared that Laue equations", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00002-00003053-00004226": "with the Bragg's law and then we found that there is a difference in these two laws where", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00003-00004226-00005072": "the Bragg's law explains the diffraction conditions with the in terms of parallel row of atoms", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00004-00005072-00005765": "in the planes whereas in the Laue conditions we were able to obtain the diffraction conditions", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00005-00005765-00006347": "for the rows and net as well as the three-dimensional lattices.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00006-00006347-00007150": "And then we also try to relate the Bragg’s law with the reciprocal lattice and we briefly", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00007-00007150-00008004": "went through the concepts of reciprocal lattice and we also showed or demonstrated how this", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00008-00008004-00008700": "Ewald’s sphere links the Bragg's law with the reciprocal lattice. And then we started", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00009-00008700-00009465": "discussing about the intensity of X-ray diffraction which is which is what primarily we are interested", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00010-00009465-00010239": "in probe when we use X-rays as a probing tool to analyze the crystal systems and then in", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00011-00010239-00011299": "that discussion we were also saying that in order to arrive at the intensity expressions", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00012-00011299-00012171": "we need to understand how the X-ray scattered by the single electron is understood. So in", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00013-00012171-00012565": "that direction we will continue our discussion today.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00014-00012565-00013412": "So look at this first slide where some of the important remarks about scattering by", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00015-00013412-00014234": "an electron X-ray scattering by an electron. Since an electric field exerts a force on", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00016-00014234-00014944": "a charged particle such as an electron the oscillating electric field of an X-ray beam", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00017-00014944-00016016": "will set any electron it encounters into oscillatory motion about its mean position. An electron", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00018-00016016-00016748": "which has been set into oscillation by X-ray beam is continuously accelerating and decelerating", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00019-00016748-00017720": "during its motion and therefore emits electromagnetic wave (electron scatters X-rays).", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00020-00017720-00018331": "The scattered beam has the same wavelength and the frequency as the incident beam and", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00021-00018331-00019004": "is said to be coherent with it, since there is a definite relationship between the phase", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00022-00019004-00019687": "of scattered beam and that of the incident beam which produced it. So we have the definition", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00023-00019687-00020425": "of what is a coherent beam that means it should have the same wavelength and the frequency", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00024-00020425-00021495": "as the incident beam, so we also know that what you mean by the phase relations by now.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00025-00021495-00022045": "X-rays are scattered in all directions by an electron, the intensity of the scattered", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00026-00022045-00022873": "beam depends on the angle of scattering. J.J. Thomson demonstrated that the intensity I", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00027-00022873-00023490": "of the beam scattered by a single electron of charge e coulombs and the mass m in kg", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00028-00023490-00024695": "at a distance r meters from the electron is given by I equal to I0 into (μ0 by 4π) square", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00029-00024695-00025622": "into (e to the power 4 divided by m square r square)sin2α which is equal to I0K by r2", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00030-00025622-00027001": "sin2α where I0 is the intensity of the incident beam μ0 is equal to 4πx10-7 mkg/C2, K= constant", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00031-00027001-00027945": "and α angle between the scattering direction and the direction of the acceleration of the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00032-00027945-00028197": "electron.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00033-00028197-00029157": "Suppose if you look at this kind of coherent scattering of X-ray by a single electron assuming", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00034-00029157-00030312": "that this is the coordinate where you have all this electric vectors in the mutual perpendicular", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00035-00030312-00031505": "direction X, Y, Z and then we can try to account for the intensity of the X-rays scattered", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00036-00031505-00032372": "by an electron. So look at this remarks an polarized incident beam such as that issuing", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00037-00032372-00033190": "from X-ray tube has its electric vector E in a random direction in the YZ plane E2 is", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00038-00033190-00034181": "equal to Ey2 plus Ez2. On the average Ey will be equal to Ex since the direction of E is", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00039-00034181-00035082": "perfectly random therefore we can assume Ey2 is equal to Ez2 is equal to (1/2) E2.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00040-00035082-00035550": "The intensity of these two components of the incident beam is proportional to the square", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00041-00035550-00036144": "of their electric vectors. Since E measures the amplitude of the wave and the intensity", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00042-00036144-00036771": "of your wave is proportional to square of its amplitude, so we can write the intensity", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00043-00036771-00037916": "expression like this IOy is equal to IOz is equal to (1/2) I0 with respect to this schematic.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00044-00037916-00038523": "The y component of the incident beam accelerate the electron in the direction Oy. It therefore", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00045-00038523-00039244": "gives rise to a scattered beam whose intensity at P is found from the equation to be IPy", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00046-00039244-00040443": "equals to IOy times K by r2. Since α is equal to yOP which is equal to π by 2. Similarly", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00047-00040443-00041246": "the intensity of the scattered z component is given by IPz is equal to IOz times K by", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00048-00041246-00041808": "r2 cos22θ.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00049-00041808-00043046": "And we can look at the other expressions since α is equal to π by 2 - 2θ the total scattered", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00050-00043046-00043666": "intensity at P is obtained by summing the intensity of these two scattered components", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00051-00043666-00045137": "IP is equal to IPy plus IPz which we can substitute in this form K by r2 (IOy plus IOz cos22θ)", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00052-00045137-00046312": "and then we can rearrange them into I0 into K by r2 ([1 plus cos22θ] by 2). This is the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00053-00046312-00046973": "Thomson equation for the scattering of an X-ray beam by a single electron.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00054-00046973-00048302": "Where ½ into (1 plus cos22θ) is called a polarization factor which we will be incorporating", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00055-00048302-00049059": "in all the intensity equation whenever we are going to write. If monochromator is used", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00056-00049059-00049689": "with the diffractometer then this expression is modified into this form that is ½ into", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00057-00049689-00050224": "(1 plus cos22θ cos22θM).", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00058-00050224-00051016": "Now we will look at another form of scattering which is called a Compton Effect which describes", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00059-00051016-00051774": "the elastic collision of photon and electron. It occurs when the stream of X-ray quanta", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00060-00051774-00052517": "or photons encounter loosely bound or free electrons, so there is a slightly different", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00061-00052517-00053216": "from what scattering which we talked about previously and here it is the X-ray quanta", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00062-00053216-00053979": "we are talking about quanta which encounters a loosely bound or free electrons. Like two", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00063-00053979-00054412": "billiard balls which are colliding with each other something like that. So you have the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00064-00054412-00055530": "hv1 is colliding with an electron before impact like this then after impact it goes like this", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00065-00055530-00055854": "into two different directions.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00066-00055854-00056405": "The wavelength λ2 of the scattered radiation is thus slightly greater than the wavelength", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00067-00056405-00057279": "λ1 of the incident beam the magnitude of the change being given by the equation Δλ", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00068-00057279-00058443": "which is in angstrom unit is equal to λ2 minus λ1 is equal to 0.0486sin2θ.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00069-00058443-00059227": "So when an X-ray beam encounters an atom each electron in it scatters part of the radiation", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00070-00059227-00059804": "coherently in accordance with the Thomson equation. However the nucleus has extremely", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00071-00059804-00060444": "large mass relative to that of the electron and cannot be made to oscillate to any appropriate", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00072-00060444-00061012": "extent. In fact: the Thomson equation shows that intensity of coherent scattering is inversely", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00073-00061012-00061616": "proportional to the square of the mass of the scattering particle.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00074-00061616-00062207": "The net effect is that coherent scattering by an atom is due to only the electrons contained", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00075-00062207-00062726": "in that atom.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00076-00062726-00063312": "So now we have to ask some questions. Is the wave scattered by an atom simply the sum of", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00077-00063312-00064064": "the wave scattered by its component electrons? More precisely does an atom of an atomic number", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00078-00064064-00064904": "Z that is an atom containing Z electrons scatter a wave whose amplitude is Z times the amplitude", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00079-00064904-00065742": "of the wave scattered by the single electron? The answer is, yes. If the scattering is in", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00080-00065742-00066713": "the forward direction because the wave scattered by all the electrons of this atom are in phase", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00081-00066713-00067304": "and the amplitudes of all the scattered waves can be added directly.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00082-00067304-00068198": "See you have to understand this point very important. When we talk about a phase relation", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00083-00068198-00068977": "also we mentioned this aspect, if the scattering is in the forward direction for example we", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00084-00068977-00069742": "will look at one schematic about it and since all the waves will be in the same phase they", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00085-00069742-00070768": "will contribute to the intensity. But in reality it is not so. You will have and we will have", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00086-00070768-00071218": "at least in this case the electrons will be there in different-different directions an", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00087-00071218-00071376": "atom.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00088-00071376-00072379": "But the atoms which are supporting the or forward scattering phenomenon they will contribute", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00089-00072379-00073062": "more to the intensity. So that is the point we are going to prove in the coming schematic.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00090-00073062-00073704": "So look at this schematic this is a nucleus and you have the electrons in the orbits and", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00091-00073704-00074661": "then you look at this a green line where the forward scattering rays are shown and they", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00092-00074661-00075639": "are meeting this wave front XX′ and then you have the X-ray scattered in the other", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00093-00075639-00076423": "direction which are meeting in the YY’ wave front and now you know how to relate this", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00094-00076423-00077454": "a path difference we have looked at those details and much more examples we have seen,", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00095-00077454-00078129": "so now let us with respect to this schematic let us look at the remarks.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00096-00078129-00078717": "The waves scattered in the forward direction by electrons A and B are exactly in phase", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00097-00078717-00079719": "on your wave front such as XX′ here because each wave has traveled the same distance before", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00098-00079719-00080444": "and after scattering. The other scattered waves shown have a path difference equal to", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00099-00080444-00081460": "CB-AD that is CB- AD is the path difference and are thus somewhat out of phase along a", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00100-00081460-00082363": "wave front such as YY′. The path difference being less than one wavelength, so they are", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00101-00082363-00083180": "going to scatter slightly different.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00102-00083180-00083692": "Only partial interference occurs between the waves scattered by A and B with the result", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00103-00083692-00084289": "that the net amplitude of the waves scattered in this direction is less than that of the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00104-00084289-00084702": "wave scattered by the same electrons in the forward direction. So this is the fundamental", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00105-00084702-00085649": "point we have to capture. So the waves which are not in the forward direction they are", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00106-00085649-00086388": "not going to contribute equally to the interference so only a partial interference will occur", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00107-00086388-00087285": "between this waves and then they will contribute to some extent to the net amplitude of the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00108-00087285-00087579": "wave scattered in that all directions.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00109-00087579-00088335": "Here we have shown only one direction of that nature. We have to imagine that these kind", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00110-00088335-00089097": "of a partial interference will occur in most of the most of the other directions as well", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00111-00089097-00089666": "and then finally you get a net amplitude that is a point you have to understand which is", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00112-00089666-00090348": "going to contribute to the integrated intensity. We will we will just talk about this integrated", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00113-00090348-00090652": "intensity because that is what we are interested.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00114-00090652-00091625": "So right now you just appreciate this point how the forward scattering waves how they", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00115-00091625-00092272": "contribute or how about other rays which are contributing partially to the intensity.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00116-00092272-00093073": "So a quantity ‘f’ the atomic scattering factor is used to describe the efficiency", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00117-00093073-00093813": "of the scattering of a given atom in a given direction, where f is equal to amplitude of", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00118-00093813-00094837": "the wave scattered by any atom by amplitude of the wave scattered by one electron. Suppose", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00119-00094837-00095505": "if f is equal to Z for any atom scattering in the forward direction as θ increases the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00120-00095505-00096251": "wave scattered by the individual electrons become more and more out of phase and f decreases.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00121-00096251-00097213": "So it is not just that you have all the electrons will be doing only forward scattering and", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00122-00097213-00097793": "then you will get a maximum intensity but it also depends upon the θ, so that is the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00123-00097793-00098069": "point we are now explaining here.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00124-00098069-00098912": "This is for the atomic scattering factor of copper where you see that as the θ increases", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00125-00098912-00099973": "in fact it is not θ it is sinθ/λ which decreases as the θ increases you can see", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00126-00099973-00100691": "that atomic scattering factor also decreases so this is very important point.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00127-00100691-00101474": "And now we will just look at the whole picture. Effects produced by the passage of X-rays", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00128-00101474-00102427": "through a matter in general. You have the incident beam and this is your specimen absorbing", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00129-00102427-00103091": "some of the X-rays will be absorbed and some will release as a heat and then you have fluorescent", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00130-00103091-00103828": "X-rays coming out and then you have scattered X-rays and you have electrons coming out you", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00131-00103828-00104638": "have Compton recoil electrons and photoelectrons and Auger electrons of these three category", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00132-00104638-00105344": "all the possibilities when you talk about the scattered X-rays you have unmodified coherent", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00133-00105344-00106122": "scattering the other one is a Compton modified incoherent scattering. These are the two things", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00134-00106122-00106758": "we have seen today one is coherent scattering other was incoherent scattering.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00135-00106758-00107399": "In one case we see that after the collision the wavelength is changed you get that means", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00136-00107399-00108035": "they up because of the collision the energy is lost in the form of kinetic energy. So", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00137-00108035-00108672": "the λ is slightly increased that is what we have seen in that expression where it is", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00138-00108672-00109200": "called a Compton Effect. It is an incoherent scattering, the previous one where Thomson", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00139-00109200-00109803": "equation explains the coherent scattering. So these are the two kinds of scattering just", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00140-00109803-00110194": "for your clarification.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00141-00110194-00111097": "Now we will look at the structure factors we which is very important for the intensity", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00142-00111097-00111799": "calculations. So the expressions which I have written all here all looks familiar to you.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00143-00111799-00113061": "The first one is the we have seen from the structure factor expression Fhkl is the atomic", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00144-00113061-00113850": "scattering factor from the all the atoms in the unit cell. We will quickly look at this", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00145-00113850-00114293": "in few minutes what is the details here and this expression is the diffraction vector", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00146-00114293-00115042": "expression which we have seen yesterday and this is a reciprocal lattice vector and here", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00147-00115042-00116074": "this is a real lattice vector here which is given and then this form is the final form", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00148-00116074-00117136": "you get for the structure factor calculations and we will now take up some few examples", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00149-00117136-00118300": "how to use this and how this the equation gives the intensity for a given crystal system", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00150-00118300-00118773": "then how they contribute to the total diffraction intensity.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00151-00118773-00140666": "So I will go to the blackboard and then. So what I have written is if a unit cell contains", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00152-00140666-00141833": "atoms 1, 2, 3 up to the N atoms with the fractional coordinates (u1 v1 w1), (u2 v2 w2) etc then", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00153-00141833-00142787": "the atomic all the atomic scattering factors from that unit cell should be added like this", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00154-00142787-00143487": "and then if you sum it up and then that final equation appears like this. So this is the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00155-00143487-00144571": "summation of all the atomic scattering factors multiplied by e o the power 2πi into (hun", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00156-00144571-00145534": "plus kvn plus lwn) again so on. I believe that you now appreciate this expression this", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00157-00145534-00146296": "is atomic scattering factor and then this is this complex exponential function we referred", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00158-00146296-00146607": "a scattered electromagnetic radiation.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00159-00146607-00147432": "In this case it is X-ray is expressed in terms of complex exponential function and this is", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00160-00147432-00148124": "coming from the phase difference, but also we have seen before this particular component", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00161-00148124-00148778": "is coming from a phase difference and this is the structure factor from the unit cell", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00162-00148778-00149667": "expression. So now we will apply this expression for individual unit cell, we will take it", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00163-00149667-00150940": "up a simple case and I have taken this from this book B D Cullity and S R Stock and you", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00164-00150940-00151773": "can go through for the entire description and much more detailed information is given", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00165-00151773-00152884": "there. And you can also note down certain important relationship mathematical relationship", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00166-00152884-00153419": "in order to understand some of the factors which will come in between. So first let us", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00167-00153419-00159130": "go through that.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00168-00159130-00165485": "You can write some of the useful expressions like this you can keep in mind before we look", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00169-00165485-00166380": "at all the derivation for structure factor for a given crystal system. The eπi which", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00170-00166380-00167955": "is equal to e3πi is equal to -1 and if it is e2πi an even number e4πi or e6πi is", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00171-00167955-00168864": "equal to 1 in general this is the expression enπi is equal to -1 to the power n where", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00172-00168864-00169700": "n is an integer. Similarly we have e to the power nπi is equal to e power minus nπi,", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00173-00169700-00170745": "where n is any integer and you have this expression as well e to the power iπ plus e to the power", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00174-00170745-00171386": "minus iπ is equal to 2cos x.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00175-00171386-00174770": "So now we will take up an individual expression I mean unit system. Unit cell system", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00176-00174770-00175926": "containing only one atom. So if you take up this expression the fractional coordinates", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00177-00175926-00179272": "(0,0,0) and the structure factor is F is equal to f into e to the power 2πi(0) which is", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00178-00179272-00185211": "equal to f and F2 is equal to f2. F2 independent of so if you consider a unit cell containing", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00179-00185211-00186189": "only one atom then the fractional coordinates can be the origin one I mean (0,0,0) and then", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00180-00186189-00186890": "if you substitute that into this structure factor equation then you see that F is equal", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00181-00186890-00188023": "to f.e to the power 2πi0 which is f because this component becomes 1 and then you get", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00182-00188023-00189064": "capital F is equal to f. This is a intensity which is independent of hkl and is same for", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00183-00189064-00189387": "all reflections.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00184-00189387-00191913": "So now we will take up the one more example which is having 2 atoms per unit cell. You", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00185-00191913-00195674": "is", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00186-00195674-00196563": "something like this a base centered unit cell and how do we calculate the structure factor.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00187-00196563-00198522": "The as usual we will start with the fractional coordinates means atoms located in the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00188-00198522-00200101": "coordinates for this particular position is you have (0,0,0) and (½,1/2,0) these are", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00189-00200101-00200941": "the fractional coordinates you can see that (0,0,0) position this is (½,1/2,0) position", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00190-00200941-00206898": "and then you can write the expression as usual F is equal to. So you get the expression like", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00191-00206898-00207602": "this, substitute this fractional coordinate into the structure factor equation and then", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00192-00207602-00208471": "you simplify this you get f into 1plus e to the power πi(h+k). So we will write something", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00193-00208471-00213166": "about this expression.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00194-00213166-00214179": "So this expression may not be multiplied by the complex conjugate because h + k is always", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00195-00214179-00214894": "the integral and F is a real and not complex. So this is the first step we have to understand", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00196-00214894-00216913": "and then what is the implication of this condition. The implication is if h and k", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00197-00216913-00232992": "are both even or odd that is unmixed indices, then their sum will always be an even and", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00198-00232992-00233606": "the implication of this condition is if h and k are both even or odd that is unmixed", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00199-00233606-00234669": "indices, then their sum will always be an even your e to the power πi(h+k) has the", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00200-00234669-00235592": "value of 1. Therefore you have F is equal to 2f for h and k and mixed and F2 is equal", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00201-00235592-00236491": "to 4f2 if h and k are one even and one odd that is mixed indices then their sum is all", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00202-00236491-00237256": "sum is odd and e to the power πi(h+k) has the value of -1.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00203-00237256-00242903": "So this is the condition and we can now see that some of the indices what kind of reflection", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00204-00242903-00258496": "it will give. So if you apply this rule we can note that in either case the value of", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00205-00258496-00259333": "l index has no effect on the structure factor, so that is what we are seeing here in both", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00206-00259333-00260305": "cases the indices l do not have any effect. For example if we can take the reflections", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00207-00260305-00262136": "(111), (112), (113) and (021), (022), (023) all have same value of F namely 2f. And similarly", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00208-00262136-00263370": "if you take reflections (011), (012), (013) and (101), (102), (103) all have 0 structure", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00209-00263370-00264945": "factor and are systematically absent. So this is how you realize how the atom position contributes", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00210-00264945-00265708": "to the intensity through the structure factor.", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00211-00265708-00266451": "So this is one example similarly you can apply the similar conditions for a simple cubic", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00212-00266451-00267221": "system where you have body centered cubic lattice as well as face centered cubic lattice", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00213-00267221-00268310": "you can apply this and then realize that how the structure factor varies. We can look at", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00214-00268310-00269183": "couple of examples and also some of the ordered crystals. We will apply this rule and then", "4ApC2rV_xmI-00215-00269183-00269589": "calculate the structure factor in the next class, thank you."}}]