diff --git "a/data/en007/text/00000015.json" "b/data/en007/text/00000015.json"
new file mode 100644--- /dev/null
+++ "b/data/en007/text/00000015.json"
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+[{"audio_id": "jXb2BHi1v-Q", "text": {"jXb2BHi1v-Q-00000-00001090-00001647": ">> Stephen Fodor My name's Stephen Fodor and currently I", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00001-00001647-00002447": "head a little biotech group in Palo Alto where we're exploring new technologies.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00002-00002447-00002757": "You know, it wasn't a straight path.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00003-00002757-00003453": "And you know, my dad in the early years -- I grew up in the late '50s, early", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00004-00003453-00003669": "'60s in Seattle.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00005-00003669-00004151": "My dad was a physician and so he always, you know, made sure", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00006-00004151-00004764": "that there were, you know, microscopes and telescopes and chemistry sets and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00007-00004764-00005167": "would bring me home blood smears from his office and stuff like that, x-rays.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00008-00005167-00005705": "So, we had a house that had a lot of science in it.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00009-00005705-00005926": "So, you know, I sort of did that.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00010-00005926-00006302": "I actually -- when I graduated from high school, I was not", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00011-00006302-00006519": "going to go into science.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00012-00006519-00007018": "It was in the late '60s and so I was actually somewhat", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00013-00007018-00007663": "of an anti-establishment type rebel and decided I was going to go live out in", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00014-00007663-00007764": "the country.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00015-00007764-00008029": "And so, I did not go to college right after high school.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00016-00008029-00008614": "I went to Eastern Washington and actually worked on a potato farm and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00017-00008614-00009203": "grew potatoes for a year or two with a farmer there.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00018-00009203-00009811": "And one day, I was with the farmer and, you know, we went", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00019-00009811-00010293": "through the whole process of planting, irrigating, harvesting, and sorting all", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00020-00010293-00010550": "the potatoes, putting them into bags.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00021-00010550-00010935": "And a guy in a truck drives up and the farmer sells them to the guy in the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00022-00010935-00011425": "truck for 35 cents a bag and he drives them to the store and sells them for 70", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00023-00011425-00011525": "cents.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00024-00011525-00012238": "And so, I said to the farmer, I said, \"Well, why don't you buy a truck?\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00025-00012238-00012481": "And he didn't want to step on the middleman and all this.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00026-00012481-00012770": "And so, you know, I thought to myself right then", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00027-00012770-00013228": "that, you know, if this is really the way the world is, you know, I should go", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00028-00013228-00013368": "to college.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00029-00013368-00013506": "And so, I was going to be a farmer.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00030-00013506-00013734": "That's what I thought I was going to do.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00031-00013734-00014301": "And plus, I was pretty tired of working hard labor.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00032-00014301-00015023": "But I went to college and then, you know, started to take some agriculture", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00033-00015023-00015562": "classes and got totally disillusioned with the courses.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00034-00015562-00015835": "They sort of taught by repetition.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00035-00015835-00016022": "And so, I was going to drop out.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00036-00016022-00016369": "And my dad told me, \"Well, don't drop out.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00037-00016369-00016581": "Just take courses that are interesting to you.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00038-00016581-00016777": "And so, I started to take a lot of biology,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00039-00016777-00017312": "chemistry, and math courses and got very much interested in science at that", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00040-00017312-00017412": "point.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00041-00017412-00018118": "Well, you know, I came to the end of my undergraduate work and had to declare a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00042-00018118-00018218": "major.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00043-00018218-00018519": "And so, my first major was in biology actually.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00044-00018519-00018954": "And part of that was to complete a senior project, senior", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00045-00018954-00019218": "thesis-like program.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00046-00019218-00019627": "And I met a guy named Arthur Cohen, who actually ran the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00047-00019627-00020351": "electron microscopy section at Washington State, which is where I was.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00048-00020351-00021268": "And, you know, they had an electron microscopy facility and electron", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00049-00021268-00021776": "microscopes that were totally accessible to undergraduates.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00050-00021776-00022001": "And so, I started to learn how to use those.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00051-00022001-00022404": "And it was just fascinating being able to, you know,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00052-00022404-00022837": "take a sample that you could see with your eye and then, you know, end up", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00053-00022837-00023473": "magnifying it 700,000 fold to get down to pretty much the limit of what you", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00054-00023473-00023968": "could do with electron microscopy, which was in the 10 angstrom or so, you know,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00055-00023968-00024330": "20 angstrom range back then.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00056-00024330-00024697": "And so, that was fantastic to me.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00057-00024697-00025491": "And then I met -- I was looking for my project, some DNA because I wanted to", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00058-00025491-00025807": "try this technique that was called the Kleinschmidt Technique at the time,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00059-00025807-00026502": "which was basically floating DNA on the surface interface between a layer of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00060-00026502-00027452": "cytochrome C, I believe, and the meniscus of a bubble and put it again on", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00061-00027452-00027749": "an electron microscope grid.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00062-00027749-00028039": "And I started calling different people and I", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00063-00028039-00028466": "ended up finding a guy names Keith Dunker, who was in the biochemistry", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00064-00028466-00028758": "department at WSU.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00065-00028758-00029556": "And he gave me some samples of bacteriophage FD or M13,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00066-00029556-00029874": "which is the same thing.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00067-00029874-00030116": "He gave those to me and said, \"Come on back if you get", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00068-00030116-00030230": "anything.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00069-00030230-00030612": "And so, I did them and I got these gorgeous micrographs and I brought", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00070-00030612-00030750": "them back to him.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00071-00030750-00031025": "And as I walked in and showed it to him, he said, \"Do you", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00072-00031025-00031430": "want a job?' because apparently, they had been trying for months to get some", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00073-00031430-00031605": "good photographs.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00074-00031605-00031978": "And so, he got me interested in this.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00075-00031978-00032377": "I stayed at WSU and got a master's in", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00076-00032377-00032687": "biochemistry and biophysics.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00077-00032687-00033119": "During that period, I also met a fellow by the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00078-00033119-00033906": "name of Paul Stein, who was a visiting scientist there from the east coast.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00079-00033906-00034491": "And Paul was sort of an expert in laser resonance Raman spectroscopy.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00080-00034491-00034646": "And so, I started to learn from him.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00081-00034646-00035168": "This was in the days where the first sort of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00082-00035168-00035653": "commercial research lasers were becoming available.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00083-00035653-00036046": "And so, you know, he taught me a lot about how to work with lasers,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00084-00036046-00036281": "how to do some spectroscopy.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00085-00036281-00036659": "And that became the basis for my work when I", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00086-00036659-00036903": "applied to graduate school.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00087-00036903-00037390": "At graduate school, I went to Princeton in Tom Sparrow's [spelled phonetically]", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00088-00037390-00037490": "lab.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00089-00037490-00038063": "He was an expert in resonance Raman of hemoglobin.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00090-00038063-00038612": "But we also at the time -- he had been getting some of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00091-00038612-00039471": "these new pulse lasers, these yag-lasers [spelled phonetically], at the time.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00092-00039471-00040084": "And he wanted to do some new work in the ultra-violet realm.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00093-00040084-00040363": "And so, I started to work with actually a guy named Rich", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00094-00040363-00040987": "Rava, who I became close friends with and worked for many years.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00095-00040987-00041441": "But we had some of the first ultra-violet laser", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00096-00041441-00042174": "light at the time for again, for biomolecular research.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00097-00042174-00042466": "And we did some of the earliest work on proteins and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00098-00042466-00043243": "nucleic acids by excitation of the chromophores, both nucleic acids and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00099-00043243-00043744": "amino acids, back in the early 80s.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00100-00043744-00044240": "And so, you know, Tom Sparrow, whose lab we", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00101-00044240-00044886": "were in, his -- that was my first exposure to a very large lab.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00102-00044886-00045221": "There were probably a dozen graduate students", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00103-00045221-00045547": "and probably a dozen post-docs.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00104-00045547-00045654": "We had a big facility.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00105-00045654-00046052": "But it was there that I really learned, you know, starting to do", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00106-00046052-00046440": "some innovative things had a big payoff.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00107-00046440-00046988": "By doing these first early experiments on nucleic acid proteins, we then put in", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00108-00046988-00047240": "some grant applications for Tom.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00109-00047240-00047424": "And so, that started a whole new funding", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00110-00047424-00047624": "cycle for Tom's lab.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00111-00047624-00048171": "And you know, these were actually, I thought, pretty easy experiments.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00112-00048171-00048522": "Because when you get to do it for the first time, you always break a lot of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00113-00048522-00048622": "ground.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00114-00048622-00048863": "So, you know, I very much enjoyed it.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00115-00048863-00049003": "I always enjoyed working with my hands.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00116-00049003-00049397": "I enjoyed experiments and making things work.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00117-00049397-00049777": "And so, this was a big lesson for me, you know, as", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00118-00049777-00050097": "well as moving from a place like WSU to Princeton.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00119-00050097-00050449": "The exposure was much, much larger at Princeton.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00120-00050449-00050812": "But the exposure to the larger lab, the lessons that if", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00121-00050812-00051449": "you're innovative, you develop a new technique or new data, it opens new", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00122-00051449-00051559": "doors for you.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00123-00051559-00051897": "And so, that was a real eye opener for me.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00124-00051897-00052374": "So, at Princeton, when I completed there, you know, we had done some very", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00125-00052374-00052560": "nice work.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00126-00052560-00052941": "I was applying for post-docs and I really wanted to go out to a guy", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00127-00052941-00053150": "named Rich Matthew's lab at Berkley.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00128-00053150-00053591": "And so, I applied there, and Rich said, \"Yeah, you can come.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00129-00053591-00053804": "And but, the moment I got there he said, \"Well, you", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00130-00053804-00053944": "have to get your own money now.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00131-00053944-00054425": "And so, I applied for an NIH fellowship at", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00132-00054425-00054525": "that time.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00133-00054525-00054915": "And I was working -- at that time, I had already had experience in", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00134-00054915-00055488": "pulsed lasers, that experience with generating, you know, ultraviolet lasers", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00135-00055488-00055623": "and light.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00136-00055623-00056414": "And Rich had been working on time resolves spectroscopy, particularly", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00137-00056414-00056795": "of bacterial and plant pigments.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00138-00056795-00056979": "And so, I took on a couple projects.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00139-00056979-00057163": "One was in bacterial rhodopsin and another", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00140-00057163-00057716": "halo rhodopsin and another sensory rhodopsin and finally phytochrome, one", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00141-00057716-00058154": "of the plant pigments, over my post-doc time there.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00142-00058154-00058791": "But we -- I'd learned a lot more about very, very high sensitivity", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00143-00058791-00059054": "detection at that point.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00144-00059054-00059310": "And you know, and this is a little bit of a prelude to", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00145-00059310-00059837": "what we'll get into, but I was working in Raman spectroscopy, which is orders", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00146-00059837-00060220": "of magnitude less signal that you get, for example, with fluorescence", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00147-00060220-00060329": "spectroscopy.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00148-00060329-00060669": "And so, I'd learned, you know, on probably some of the hardest", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00149-00060669-00060850": "problems at the time.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00150-00060850-00061273": "And in addition, I started to get a good background on", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00151-00061273-00061395": "photochemistry there.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00152-00061395-00061825": "So, you know, it was a combination of being able to work", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00153-00061825-00062430": "with light, being able to work with biological molecules, understand high", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00154-00062430-00062995": "sensitivity detection, and also photochemistry.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00155-00062995-00063447": "After working on that for a while, my ambition was to go into academics.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00156-00063447-00064105": "So, I applied to a few academic spots and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00157-00064105-00064347": "got a couple of interviews.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00158-00064347-00064582": "Turned out to be number second choice in both of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00159-00064582-00064682": "those.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00160-00064682-00064960": "And so, I was going to stay for another year at Berkley and then", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00161-00064960-00065120": "reapply.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00162-00065120-00065439": "And it was during that period that I actually got a call from Lubert", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00163-00065439-00066048": "Stryer, who was at Stanford, and of course Lubert is a very famous scientist", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00164-00066048-00066418": "that not only wrote the textbook on biochemistry that was used by", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00165-00066418-00066750": "practically every medical student for years.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00166-00066750-00067344": "But, you know, Lubert had done this very nice work in the biochemistry", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00167-00067344-00068252": "and photochemistry of retinal, of rhodopsin in site, in vision.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00168-00068252-00068464": "And in addition, had done some very innovative", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00169-00068464-00069336": "things with avoid strep dowden system for fluorescent tagging, done some work", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00170-00069336-00069783": "with the -- he was very well known for his work with the forcer energy transfer", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00171-00069783-00070239": "experiments of measuring distances by energy transfer with fluorescent", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00172-00070239-00070455": "molecules.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00173-00070455-00071075": "And you know, so when Lubert called, I listened.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00174-00071075-00071339": "And we chatted, but, you know, he said, \"Well, I'm going", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00175-00071339-00071825": "to take a year leave of absence from Stanford to start this little company", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00176-00071825-00072272": "called Affymax and I'd like someone with your background to come joint me.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00177-00072272-00072818": "He said, \"Look, you know, if you stay for a year, if it doesn't work out,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00178-00072818-00073180": "then, you know, we'll see about, you know, where is a good spot for you,\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00179-00073180-00073280": "sort of thing.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00180-00073280-00073572": "And so, I thought, \"Well, okay.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00181-00073572-00074113": "And so, I went down to this little company called Affymax.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00182-00074113-00074352": "And you know, I have to say my motivations", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00183-00074352-00074609": "were really to go and do some science.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00184-00074609-00075194": "My motivations were not at all to create a new company nor to necessarily even go", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00185-00075194-00075472": "after what the ambitions of the company were.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00186-00075472-00075988": "I was invited by Lubert and you know, the prospect of doing some great", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00187-00075988-00076208": "science I thought was great.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00188-00076208-00076891": "But when I got down there, there was this guy named Alex Zaffaroni, who was a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00189-00076891-00077575": "well-known biotechnology entrepreneur in Silicon Valley.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00190-00077575-00078072": "He had worked on companies like DNAX, earlier -- I've", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00191-00078072-00078763": "forgotten the name of the company -- Syntex, that he and Carl Djerassi and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00192-00078763-00078863": "others did.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00193-00078863-00079201": "And of course, they came up with a lot of steroid compounds and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00194-00079201-00079474": "things that were used for birth control and so on.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00195-00079474-00079897": "He started a company names ALZA, which did skin patch technology", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00196-00079897-00080236": "for slow release of things into the bloodstream.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00197-00080236-00080698": "And he had started -- he started this group called Affymax.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00198-00080698-00081406": "And so, his idea was -- now, remember, this was late 80s.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00199-00081406-00081889": "And at the time, you know, people had now begun to clone", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00200-00081889-00082454": "genes and be able to get receptors and so on in pure form.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00201-00082454-00082719": "And so, his idea of Affymax -- and that's where the name", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00202-00082719-00083201": "Affymax comes from is from this concept of the affinity matrix.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00203-00083201-00083618": "And the idea was that if you had all of the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00204-00083618-00084249": "receptors, for example, in pure form and you could clone these and isolate them", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00205-00084249-00084823": "in pure form, he'd like to see ways were you could assay that, those pure", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00206-00084823-00085202": "receptors against a whole bunch of chemistry.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00207-00085202-00085519": "So, where there's natural products, synthetic, chemistry,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00208-00085519-00085661": "collections, whatever.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00209-00085661-00085932": "And so, he called this the affinity matrix because", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00210-00085932-00086376": "you want to measure the affinity of receptors against chemical diversity.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00211-00086376-00086726": "And so, we started to play around with a whole bunch of ideas.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00212-00086726-00087438": "And as I mentioned, some of them were things like", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00213-00087438-00087870": "chemical collections, things like natural products.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00214-00087870-00088215": "We were introduced to a whole bunch of really good characters", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00215-00088215-00088636": "at the point, guys like Josh Lederberg were there thinking about cauldron", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00216-00088636-00088983": "chemistry, what he used to call cauldron chemistry where you would, you know,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00217-00088983-00089404": "cook up a tar like from the tar pits and see what kind of magic compounds were", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00218-00089404-00089523": "hidden in there.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00219-00089523-00089860": "I mean, just some really great fascinating stuff,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00220-00089860-00090213": "remembering that this was actually a long -- you know, quite a while ago", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00221-00090213-00090520": "before much of this was very popular.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00222-00090520-00090902": "One of the ideas, a guy named Leit Norid [spelled phonetically] said, \"Well, gee\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00223-00090902-00091354": "-- he was infatuated by semiconductor world -- \"isn't there some way that we", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00224-00091354-00091879": "could use light to direct chemical reactions and put this together?\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00225-00091879-00092125": "And I thought that was -- Lubert and I both", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00226-00092125-00092456": "thought that was a fascinating idea.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00227-00092456-00092916": "And so, I started thinking about how to do that.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00228-00092916-00093242": "And some of the chemists had some interesting ideas about", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00229-00093242-00093541": "photochemical protecting groups and so on, Michael Parongal [spelled", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00230-00093541-00093766": "phonetically] was one of them, Dennis Solis [spelled phonetically] was", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00231-00093766-00094439": "another, Pete Schultz was coming in at the time and had some interesting", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00232-00094439-00094573": "contributions.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00233-00094573-00095045": "And so, you know, I just started to do some really simple", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00234-00095045-00095145": "experiments.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00235-00095145-00095581": "And, you know, how could you do, you know, light-directed", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00236-00095581-00096398": "synthesis in very precise locations at a microscopic level on a solid surface?", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00237-00096398-00096937": "When I first went to Affymax, I was somewhat horrified because, you know, it", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00238-00096937-00097054": "was a startup.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00239-00097054-00097407": "I'd been used to now being in pretty well-funded labs.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00240-00097407-00097681": "And I went in there and I was given a desk and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00241-00097681-00097864": "empty rooms.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00242-00097864-00098194": "And I had to call up on the phone and order, you know, pipets", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00243-00098194-00098456": "and big tips, and chem wads.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00244-00098456-00098627": "And I thought, \"Oh my god, you know, I'd just", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00245-00098627-00098804": "committed career suicide.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00246-00098804-00099122": "I've gone to school for the last, you know, freaking", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00247-00099122-00099856": "25 years or something and now, you know, what have I done?\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00248-00099856-00100101": "You know, I started to do some really simply experiments.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00249-00100101-00100518": "Built a very, very simple apparatus in the beginning which", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00250-00100518-00101191": "was basically a light source, couple mirrors, and took some -- I did some", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00251-00101191-00101725": "things like printed a checker board on a piece of paper on a laser printer and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00252-00101725-00102114": "then took a picture of it and then had the film developed and I would use that", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00253-00102114-00102510": "as a lithographic mask and shine the light through it and image that down", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00254-00102510-00102695": "onto surfaces.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00255-00102695-00103089": "And started to do some very basic experiment derivatizing the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00256-00103089-00103758": "glass, attaching and working with some chemists to attach these photochemical", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00257-00103758-00104314": "removal groups onto the covalently linked surface molecules and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00258-00104314-00104970": "demonstrating that indeed we could excite the allieving [spelled", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00259-00104970-00105345": "phonetically] groups in different areas on the glass and well-defined areas at", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00260-00105345-00105583": "different resolutions.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00261-00105583-00106110": "And actually, in a way that was not available to you by", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00262-00106110-00106589": "printing normally, you know, by putting pipets down or doing something physical.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00263-00106589-00107546": "We could then generate designs on surfaces or patterns on surfaces and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00264-00107546-00108054": "direct chemistry through the use of light on a surface.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00265-00108054-00108540": "And so, we started to work on that, started to build some things on the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00266-00108540-00108640": "surface.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00267-00108640-00108960": "Started, as you might expect, because of working with Lubert and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00268-00108960-00109729": "because of my background, began to use fluorescence as a read out.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00269-00109729-00109999": "And demonstrated very quickly that we could", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00270-00109999-00110245": "start to synthesize molecules on a surface.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00271-00110245-00110595": "And we used some very simple peptide recognition systems in the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00272-00110595-00110695": "beginning.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00273-00110695-00111008": "We would, you know, synthesize a little peptide that we can", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00274-00111008-00111140": "an antibody that could recognize.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00275-00111140-00111394": "We could fluorescently tag the antibody and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00276-00111394-00111930": "you could show now you could spatially resolve a synthesis compounds.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00277-00111930-00112670": "So, I ended up, you know, building then -- we had to have a reader.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00278-00112670-00113013": "And so, I ended up building a laser through a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00279-00113013-00113409": "microscope down to a surface with xy stages.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00280-00113409-00113821": "Then started to do raster scanning and so on so you could build up", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00281-00113821-00114269": "a two-dimensional image of the fluorescence map, if you will, of a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00282-00114269-00114369": "surface.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00283-00114369-00114785": "And by the way, none of these type of experiment equipment existed", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00284-00114785-00114885": "back then.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00285-00114885-00115175": "You know, there were some epi-fluorescent microscopes that you", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00286-00115175-00115402": "could look at very, very small fields of view.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00287-00115402-00115679": "But nothing where if you wanted to scan, you know, a couple centimeters", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00288-00115679-00115917": "by a couple centimeters you could do.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00289-00115917-00116133": "And so, I built these systems.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00290-00116133-00116629": "And then continued to work on making, you know,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00291-00116629-00116929": "compounds in different places.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00292-00116929-00117192": "We then kind of stumbled upon -- well, say you", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00293-00117192-00117580": "wanted to build a matrix of many, many different types of compounds -- because", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00294-00117580-00117933": "that was the original ambition -- you know, how could you build millions of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00295-00117933-00118152": "compounds on the surface?", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00296-00118152-00118633": "And it became very apparent that well, you can't", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00297-00118633-00119040": "really do it by using millions of steps.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00298-00119040-00119377": "And so then the question, \"Well how do you actually build large sets of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00299-00119377-00119516": "molecules?\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00300-00119516-00119993": "And so, we came up with some primitive ideas on how to build", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00301-00119993-00120165": "some overlapping sets.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00302-00120165-00120547": "And Lubert actually had some great ideas on how to", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00303-00120547-00121116": "build a sort of a, you know, a constant set of oligonucleotides or peptides.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00304-00121116-00121783": "But it was actually the first experiment that we were doing where, you know, we", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00305-00121783-00122267": "now, you know, by hand drew out some lithographic masks.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00306-00122267-00122444": "Fabian Pease is another guy, by the way.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00307-00122444-00122627": "I should bring this in.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00308-00122627-00122824": "When we started to put together a lithographic", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00309-00122824-00123424": "system in order to make the first, what are now called microarrays.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00310-00123424-00123770": "We went down to some old junk shops in Silicon", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00311-00123770-00124217": "Valley and bought some used aligners that were used to make printed circuit", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00312-00124217-00124691": "boards and so on and brought this up to our little office building in Palo Alto.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00313-00124691-00125149": "We had to chop out some weeds and so on to get this into a room.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00314-00125149-00125728": "But we had set it up now with an old lithographic", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00315-00125728-00126194": "aligner that was used in the semiconductor industry.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00316-00126194-00126705": "I had hand drawn lithographic mask designs that", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00317-00126705-00127573": "could be used to do some pattern work to synthesize our sort of first arrays.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00318-00127573-00128133": "And we had bought, at that point, an ABI synthesizer that synthesized, you know,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00319-00128133-00128630": "one oligonucleotide at a time and taken it apart, but used that as a chemical", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00320-00128630-00129177": "reagent dispenser and plumed it over to the lithographic instrument with a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00321-00129177-00129342": "holder in microfluidics and so on.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00322-00129342-00129561": "And so, we had all these pieces put", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00323-00129561-00129680": "together.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00324-00129680-00129892": "And then of course, as I mentioned, we also had the first", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00325-00129892-00130363": "scanners that were in the other room ready to scan this thing.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00326-00130363-00130724": "And so, as we started to do the first photolysis, you know, we were going to", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00327-00130724-00131549": "lay down a particular building block of an amino acid.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00328-00131549-00132073": "And then as I turned the micrometer to go to the next region", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00329-00132073-00132557": "where I was going to do the photolysis, I realized that, \"Well, if I overlapped", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00330-00132557-00133225": "it on the very next step, not only would I put compound A down and compound B,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00331-00133225-00133365": "but I would also build AB.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00332-00133365-00133596": "And so, I went into Lubert.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00333-00133596-00133756": "I said, \"Wait a minute, you know.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00334-00133756-00133907": "There's something we don't understand.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00335-00133907-00134355": "There's this whole field of how do we do these overlaps in", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00336-00134355-00134712": "order to generate lots of chemical compounds.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00337-00134712-00135107": "And so, it turns out this got us on a whole path of really", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00338-00135107-00135656": "thinking about, you know, how many compounds can you make in how many", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00339-00135656-00135809": "chemical steps.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00340-00135809-00136053": "And so, we had some great discussions about it, and it", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00341-00136053-00136630": "dawned on us that this was really a very simple binary process.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00342-00136630-00136918": "And we had stumbled on to, you know, a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00343-00136918-00137273": "formalization of the world of combinatorics, combinatorial chemistry.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00344-00137273-00137817": "And so, we formalized this and it turns out that you could make two to the n", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00345-00137817-00138271": "compounds in n chemical steps, which means, you know, if you want to make a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00346-00138271-00138641": "million compounds, no it doesn't take you a million chemical steps.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00347-00138641-00138978": "In fact, you know, two to the tenth is about a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00348-00138978-00139078": "thousand.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00349-00139078-00139351": "Two to the twentieth is about a million.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00350-00139351-00139648": "So, it actually turns out that in about twenty chemical steps, you", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00351-00139648-00139960": "can actually make a diversity of about a million.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00352-00139960-00140190": "And it just grows exponentially.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00353-00140190-00140346": "And we would actually formalize this.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00354-00140346-00140720": "We put it into matrix algebra and figured out how to create", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00355-00140720-00140954": "the lithographic masks from the matrix algebra.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00356-00140954-00141399": "So, it was very rewarding and a very exciting thing.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00357-00141399-00141771": "There’s a combination of things that goes on.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00358-00141771-00142474": "So, one is at that time and that place, you know, we actually set", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00359-00142474-00142809": "out to invent something, I think.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00360-00142809-00143240": "Because we said, we want to have something that can do the following.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00361-00143240-00143888": "And at that time and at that point, we had a nice bolus of money that was not", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00362-00143888-00144142": "earmarked specifically for particular things.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00363-00144142-00144373": "So, I had a tremendous amount of freedom.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00364-00144373-00144532": "You know, I could try this experiment.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00365-00144532-00144694": "If it didn't work, I could try something else.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00366-00144694-00145211": "If I wanted to, you know, spend $100,000 to build a nice", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00367-00145211-00145525": "scanning instrument, I didn't have to ask anybody for permission.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00368-00145525-00145703": "I didn't have to write a grant.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00369-00145703-00146015": "I didn't have to wait for them to give it to me and to go", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00370-00146015-00146291": "through the whole review process.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00371-00146291-00146507": "And we can talk about that later because", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00372-00146507-00146761": "that brings in a whole -- it's not that that's bad.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00373-00146761-00147228": "It's just that if you want to move fast and if you've got an idea,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00374-00147228-00147519": "you want to be funded in a way that is very, very flexible.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00375-00147519-00147619": "And I think that's it.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00376-00147619-00147992": "And I think a lot of it is the funding.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00377-00147992-00148400": "A lot of it is just the culture that you set up.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00378-00148400-00148844": "You know, this was going to be a company.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00379-00148844-00149132": "But its first main purpose was to invent some", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00380-00149132-00149703": "new ways to look at biology and new ways to screen chemical diversity.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00381-00149703-00150067": "And so, our purpose at that point was to not", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00382-00150067-00150167": "make money.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00383-00150167-00150560": "Our purpose at that point was to open a new field and to develop", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00384-00150560-00150693": "new technology.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00385-00150693-00151176": "And I think that's -- it's academics at the time, that would", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00386-00151176-00151316": "have been hard.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00387-00151316-00151753": "Because I think you could -- and even today, it's probably", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00388-00151753-00151853": "kind of tough.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00389-00151853-00152164": "There are some places that give you great startup funding and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00390-00152164-00152559": "you maybe have a little window to do that.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00391-00152559-00153021": "But, you know, it kind of falls into two buckets these days.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00392-00153021-00153266": "One is you have a tremendous amount of freedom and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00393-00153266-00153401": "not much money.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00394-00153401-00153758": "Or you have a big project to undertake and so you're", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00395-00153758-00153875": "extremely well-funded.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00396-00153875-00154085": "And then people figure out, \"Well, how do I leverage", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00397-00154085-00154419": "that into having a little bit of freedom?\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00398-00154419-00154861": "But this was a lot easier back then in many ways because this was", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00399-00154861-00155344": "a brand-new area that nobody really had any results in.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00400-00155344-00155840": "So, you know, as we started to work on this -- one thing I should have said is", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00401-00155840-00156214": "that it should be obvious right now that we took an approach which was a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00402-00156214-00156538": "combinatorial approach, which was a building block approach.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00403-00156538-00156863": "And of course, we took our inspiration from nature.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00404-00156863-00157289": "Nature creates chemical diversity through the combinatorial assembly of a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00405-00157289-00157500": "limited set of building blocks.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00406-00157500-00157677": "It does this in the nucleic acids.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00407-00157677-00157777": "It does it in sugars.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00408-00157777-00158315": "It does it in peptides, amino acids to peptides to proteins and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00409-00158315-00158441": "so on.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00410-00158441-00158981": "And so, you know, we took this building block approach.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00411-00158981-00159541": "And the two obvious building blocks were peptides", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00412-00159541-00159691": "and nucleic acids.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00413-00159691-00159961": "Both of those chemistries had been worked out the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00414-00159961-00160442": "solid phase chemistry of both of those important chemistries.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00415-00160442-00160816": "As I started -- so, for the science paper that came out", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00416-00160816-00161368": "in 1991, a lot of the recognition because, you know, we had the reagents", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00417-00161368-00161567": "and so on, was done on peptides.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00418-00161567-00161928": "But in that paper, we also worked out the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00419-00161928-00162229": "fundamental chemistry and methods of doing nucleic acids.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00420-00162229-00162550": "And it was just -- it was very limited, but we enabled the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00421-00162550-00162815": "chemistry in that paper.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00422-00162815-00163122": "And actually, in the abstract of that paper, as you'll", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00423-00163122-00163720": "read -- and this is what got me very excited -- was in the early -- in, well", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00424-00163720-00164639": "this was 1990ish now at this point.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00425-00164639-00164952": "The Dramanis [spelled phonetically] and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00426-00164952-00165440": "Zircunyakov [spelled phonetically] as well as Andrei Mirzabekov had come up", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00427-00165440-00165787": "with this idea of sequencing by hybridization.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00428-00165787-00166180": "And the idea was, well let's say I could make a complete set of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00429-00166180-00166280": "all the eight-mers.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00430-00166280-00166812": "So, that's 65,436 or something like that, you know, 64k.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00431-00166812-00167294": "And if I could make all of those eight-mers, I should be able to add", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00432-00167294-00167799": "those eight-mers to an unknown strand of DNA and then depending on which one", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00433-00167799-00168145": "bound, I could tell you what that sequence was.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00434-00168145-00168416": "And so, this was also in the context at the time that everyone", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00435-00168416-00168614": "was talking about doing the human genome.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00436-00168614-00168983": "And wouldn't it be great if, you know, we had new sequencing methods", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00437-00168983-00169083": "and so on.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00438-00169083-00169332": "And of course, there was Sanger sequencing, which was great and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00439-00169332-00169779": "extremely accurate and still a gold standard today.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00440-00169779-00170204": "But this was an idea of doing something new and very innovative.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00441-00170204-00170705": "And so, you know, as we started to develop out our chemistry and realize", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00442-00170705-00171259": "that we could make these matrices of high-density chemical compounds, it", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00443-00171259-00171547": "became very obvious that one of the things we really wanted to do was", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00444-00171547-00171649": "nucleic acids.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00445-00171649-00171885": "They also had a certain advantage because there's only four", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00446-00171885-00172021": "building blocks.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00447-00172021-00172318": "Whereas proteins have 20, okay?", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00448-00172318-00172712": "And so, your number of reagents for proteins goes way up and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00449-00172712-00173354": "the medicinal chemists, of course, came up with all kinds of new building blocks", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00450-00173354-00173615": "all the time they wanted to add into your repertoire.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00451-00173615-00174162": "So, I started to get to this position where Affymax wanted to be a drug", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00452-00174162-00174302": "discovery company.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00453-00174302-00174402": "They wanted to go on.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00454-00174402-00174846": "They wanted to explore peptides, natural compounds, natural products, and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00455-00174846-00175103": "eventually be a pharmaceutical company.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00456-00175103-00175507": "But, when I started to develop this technology, to me, it was exceedingly", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00457-00175507-00176184": "obvious the right home for this was in nucleic acids because there were only", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00458-00176184-00176284": "four building blocks.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00459-00176284-00176540": "And then when you looked at something like this SBH", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00460-00176540-00177002": "technology, sequencing by hybridization, they only wanted to make 65,000 of them.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00461-00177002-00177142": "Well, that was a piece of cake.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00462-00177142-00177299": "So, I knew that was going to be a piece of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00463-00177299-00177399": "cake.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00464-00177399-00177769": "And so, you know, this was all theoretical, you've got to remember.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00465-00177769-00177979": "It was a theoretical construct that we", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00466-00177979-00178260": "should be able to do SBH.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00467-00178260-00178484": "And here, I'd been developing this technology and I", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00468-00178484-00178806": "read these papers and I said, \"Well, hell, we can do that.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00469-00178806-00179048": "That's a piece of cake.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00470-00179048-00179271": "And so, I started working on it.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00471-00179271-00179828": "Now, that didn't go over so well with everybody at Affymax.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00472-00179828-00180074": "You know, me, I was still -- you know, I still", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00473-00180074-00180311": "appreciated the problems they had.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00474-00180311-00180587": "You know, but let me tell you that, you", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00475-00180587-00181308": "know, I started I think in July of '89 and we had the cover of Science about 18", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00476-00181308-00181408": "months later.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00477-00181408-00181541": "So, this was very fast moving.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00478-00181541-00181798": "I mean, it was -- the experiments worked.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00479-00181798-00182095": "It just went click, click, click, click, click.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00480-00182095-00182302": "And then I wanted to turn all my attention to", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00481-00182302-00182694": "nucleic acids because I just thought that was the future.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00482-00182694-00182937": "And you know, everyone remembered there was no human", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00483-00182937-00183037": "genome.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00484-00183037-00183233": "There was -- people were still arguing about whether they should do the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00485-00183233-00183660": "human genome project in 1990.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00486-00183660-00184389": "And so, through this interaction at Affymax, I had come to make friends with", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00487-00184389-00184989": "a number of different people including, Ron Davis at Stanford, and told him", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00488-00184989-00185470": "about what we were doing, and Paul Berg who was also at Stanford.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00489-00185470-00185997": "Now, Paul was I believe on the early council or", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00490-00185997-00186686": "advisors or something to recommend the human genome project.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00491-00186686-00187242": "And in 1991, after the Science paper, he invited me", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00492-00187242-00187964": "to come give a talk in front of -- you know, there was Jim Watson and some -- I", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00493-00187964-00188200": "think this was in Concord or something.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00494-00188200-00188742": "But it was a huge panel of people that wanted to go after, you know -- that", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00495-00188742-00188918": "wanted to sequence the human genome.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00496-00188918-00189302": "And so, they were very interested in alternate sequencing technologies.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00497-00189302-00189869": "And I'll never forget this because Paul invited me to go speak in front of these", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00498-00189869-00189972": "guys.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00499-00189972-00190366": "And you have to remember at this point, you know, I got spoiled very", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00500-00190366-00190784": "quickly at Affymax because they gave me -- because this program was so", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00501-00190784-00191113": "successful, they basically gave me all the -- Alex Zaffaroni gave me all the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00502-00191113-00191235": "money I wanted.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00503-00191235-00191944": "And although it wasn't fitting into the ambitions and, you", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00504-00191944-00192324": "know, what everybody wanted to do from a business perspective at Affymax, the", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00505-00192324-00192823": "science was just so cool that Alex just, you know, protected me and made sure I", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00506-00192823-00193066": "had the funding I needed to pursue these things.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00507-00193066-00193833": "So, when I went in front of the panel for the human genome project, I showed", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00508-00193833-00194553": "what we have done, and I also showed them what I thought we could do in terms", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00509-00194553-00194875": "of building arrays of nucleic acids.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00510-00194875-00195237": "And I remembered Jim Watson at the time -- and you have to remember, this was --", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00511-00195237-00195394": "it's very commonplace now.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00512-00195394-00195566": "Everybody knows what an array is.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00513-00195566-00195899": "Everybody is used to array formats.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00514-00195899-00196136": "But back then nobody was because it was all brand new.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00515-00196136-00196596": "And so, I had these nice scans and pictures of these fluorescent maps of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00516-00196596-00196696": "these compounds.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00517-00196696-00196957": "And I was showing this, and Jim Watson was watching this", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00518-00196957-00197057": "and watching this.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00519-00197057-00197241": "And he finally stopped me in the middle of my talk, and", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00520-00197241-00197341": "he says, \"Wait a minute.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00521-00197341-00197441": "Wait a minute.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00522-00197441-00197681": "Is this real data or are these just pretty pictures?\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00523-00197681-00198006": "And you know, I was very indignant at the time.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00524-00198006-00198157": "I said, \"Just pay attention.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00525-00198157-00198563": "You know, and so, you know, he -- if you know Jim, you", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00526-00198563-00198877": "know he was very crotchety about the whole thing.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00527-00198877-00199234": "But here were all these guys that were very serious.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00528-00199234-00199699": "So, I was somewhat -- I was completely a newbie at this and very", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00529-00199699-00200125": "naïve but coming at it from the technology side and from the sort of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00530-00200125-00200696": "science of technology side and knew just very clearly I had a very, very clear", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00531-00200696-00200949": "vision that we could accomplish this.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00532-00200949-00201412": "And so, you know, we talked about it there.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00533-00201412-00202016": "I was just barraged with questions from the group and people", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00534-00202016-00202278": "wanting to know, you know, \"How are you going to solve repetitive elements?\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00535-00202278-00202612": "\"How are you going to solve the branch structures?\" all this sort of stuff.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00536-00202612-00203058": "I actually remember Jasper Ryan was there and he asked some very pointed", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00537-00203058-00203418": "questions, but not from an evil perspective, you know, from a very", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00538-00203418-00203832": "constructive perspective, but a very hard question.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00539-00203832-00204072": "And I basically said, \"I don't know.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00540-00204072-00204185": "I said, \"I do not know.\"", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00541-00204185-00204651": "All I know is that we will make these things and we will test these ideas.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00542-00204651-00204846": "And that was my attitude.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00543-00204846-00205405": "Uou know there was, complicated politics around the whole genome project and all", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00544-00205405-00205505": "the people involved.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00545-00205505-00205760": "And everybody had their own idea about the directions they", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00546-00205760-00205860": "should go.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00547-00205860-00206246": "But, you know, I was looking at it from a little bit different", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00548-00206246-00206346": "perspective.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00549-00206346-00206685": "Because by then, you know, I'd really realized, you know, for", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00550-00206685-00207298": "example, you know, we knew that we wanted to make things on the order of 30", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00551-00207298-00207867": "bases long because they gave very nice stability and you could actually do", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00552-00207867-00208401": "single base pair mismatches with something of that size.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00553-00208401-00208882": "And so, it was -- but 30 long, you know, that's a", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00554-00208882-00209041": "number like 40 to the thirtieth.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00555-00209041-00209357": "I mean, that is a really, really, really,", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00556-00209357-00209519": "big number, okay.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00557-00209519-00209844": "And you know, two to the sixtieth.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00558-00209844-00210148": "I'm not even sure how large that number is, but it's", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00559-00210148-00210304": "ridiculously large.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00560-00210304-00210844": "But the thing is that combinatorally, you could make all of 30-mers in four", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00561-00210844-00211346": "times 30 steps or 120 steps, which means you could make any subset of them.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00562-00211346-00211486": "And so, I started to think about this more", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00563-00211486-00211998": "as an information technology that what would really happen is that the genome", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00564-00211998-00212483": "would be sequenced and then we could copy basically the genome down onto", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00565-00212483-00212583": "these chips.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00566-00212583-00212850": "And then you'd have a format to look at many genomes.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00567-00212850-00213067": "And that was the direction that I was going.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00568-00213067-00213183": "Well, there were two.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00569-00213183-00213400": "There was one, you could make these complete sets of", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00570-00213400-00213865": "eight-mers, 10-mers and so on and say, could I do sequencing by hybridization.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00571-00213865-00214378": "And then you could also make arrays that were designed as basic memory devices", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00572-00214378-00214607": "against certain pieces of DNA.", "jXb2BHi1v-Q-00573-00214607-00214625": "[end of transcript]"}}, {"audio_id": "jYxJG4uREs4", "text": {"jYxJG4uREs4-00000-00321017-00322635": "[INDISTINCT CHATTER]", "jYxJG4uREs4-00001-00322635-00322979": ">> ALL RIGHT!", "jYxJG4uREs4-00002-00322979-00322985": ">> ALL RIGHT!", "jYxJG4uREs4-00003-00322985-00323212": ">> ALL RIGHT! >> ALL RIGHT, GUYS, WE JUST GOT", "jYxJG4uREs4-00004-00323212-00323219": ">> ALL RIGHT! >> ALL RIGHT, GUYS, WE JUST GOT", "jYxJG4uREs4-00005-00323219-00323363": ">> ALL RIGHT! >> ALL RIGHT, GUYS, WE JUST GOT OUR FIRST BLUEFIN HERE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00006-00323363-00323369": ">> ALL RIGHT, GUYS, WE JUST GOT OUR FIRST BLUEFIN HERE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00007-00323369-00323489": ">> ALL RIGHT, GUYS, WE JUST GOT OUR FIRST BLUEFIN HERE. NICE FULL SIZE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00008-00323489-00323496": "OUR FIRST BLUEFIN HERE. NICE FULL SIZE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00009-00323496-00323553": "OUR FIRST BLUEFIN HERE. NICE FULL SIZE. WHAT'S YOUR NAME?", "jYxJG4uREs4-00010-00323553-00323559": "NICE FULL SIZE. WHAT'S YOUR NAME?", "jYxJG4uREs4-00011-00323559-00323633": "NICE FULL SIZE. WHAT'S YOUR NAME? >> J.R.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00012-00323633-00323639": "WHAT'S YOUR NAME? >> J.R.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00013-00323639-00323866": "WHAT'S YOUR NAME? >> J.R. >> OK, J.R., GOOD JOB.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00014-00323866-00323873": ">> J.R. >> OK, J.R., GOOD JOB.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00015-00323873-00324037": ">> J.R. >> OK, J.R., GOOD JOB. UPSIDE DOWN BLUEFIN CAKE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00016-00324037-00324043": ">> OK, J.R., GOOD JOB. UPSIDE DOWN BLUEFIN CAKE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00017-00324043-00324177": ">> OK, J.R., GOOD JOB. UPSIDE DOWN BLUEFIN CAKE. [CHUCKLES] WE'RE ABOUT 60 MILES", "jYxJG4uREs4-00018-00324177-00324183": "UPSIDE DOWN BLUEFIN CAKE. [CHUCKLES] WE'RE ABOUT 60 MILES", "jYxJG4uREs4-00019-00324183-00324293": "UPSIDE DOWN BLUEFIN CAKE. [CHUCKLES] WE'RE ABOUT 60 MILES FROM SAN DIEGO AND WE'RE ON", "jYxJG4uREs4-00020-00324293-00324300": "[CHUCKLES] WE'RE ABOUT 60 MILES FROM SAN DIEGO AND WE'RE ON", "jYxJG4uREs4-00021-00324300-00324424": "[CHUCKLES] WE'RE ABOUT 60 MILES FROM SAN DIEGO AND WE'RE ON A ONE DAY TRIP MID-JULY.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00022-00324424-00324430": "FROM SAN DIEGO AND WE'RE ON A ONE DAY TRIP MID-JULY.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00023-00324430-00324594": "FROM SAN DIEGO AND WE'RE ON A ONE DAY TRIP MID-JULY. AND WE'RE FISHING THE TUNA BEDS.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00024-00324594-00324600": "A ONE DAY TRIP MID-JULY. AND WE'RE FISHING THE TUNA BEDS.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00025-00324600-00324687": "A ONE DAY TRIP MID-JULY. AND WE'RE FISHING THE TUNA BEDS. THIS IS KIND OF A REALLY", "jYxJG4uREs4-00026-00324687-00324694": "AND WE'RE FISHING THE TUNA BEDS. THIS IS KIND OF A REALLY", "jYxJG4uREs4-00027-00324694-00324817": "AND WE'RE FISHING THE TUNA BEDS. THIS IS KIND OF A REALLY DIFFERENT, UNIQUE THING THAT YOU", "jYxJG4uREs4-00028-00324817-00324824": "THIS IS KIND OF A REALLY DIFFERENT, UNIQUE THING THAT YOU", "jYxJG4uREs4-00029-00324824-00324937": "THIS IS KIND OF A REALLY DIFFERENT, UNIQUE THING THAT YOU CAN ONLY DO HERE, STARTED ABOUT", "jYxJG4uREs4-00030-00324937-00324944": "DIFFERENT, UNIQUE THING THAT YOU CAN ONLY DO HERE, STARTED ABOUT", "jYxJG4uREs4-00031-00324944-00325034": "DIFFERENT, UNIQUE THING THAT YOU CAN ONLY DO HERE, STARTED ABOUT FOUR OR FIVE YEARS AGO.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00032-00325034-00325041": "CAN ONLY DO HERE, STARTED ABOUT FOUR OR FIVE YEARS AGO.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00033-00325041-00325204": "CAN ONLY DO HERE, STARTED ABOUT FOUR OR FIVE YEARS AGO. AND CARI'S GOING TO GIVE YOU", "jYxJG4uREs4-00034-00325204-00325211": "FOUR OR FIVE YEARS AGO. AND CARI'S GOING TO GIVE YOU", "jYxJG4uREs4-00035-00325211-00325314": "FOUR OR FIVE YEARS AGO. AND CARI'S GOING TO GIVE YOU A LOOK AT IT HERE IN JUST A SEC.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00036-00325314-00325321": "AND CARI'S GOING TO GIVE YOU A LOOK AT IT HERE IN JUST A SEC.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00037-00325321-00325508": "AND CARI'S GOING TO GIVE YOU A LOOK AT IT HERE IN JUST A SEC. BIG ROUND PENS THAT ARE ACTUALLY", "jYxJG4uREs4-00038-00325508-00325515": "A LOOK AT IT HERE IN JUST A SEC. BIG ROUND PENS THAT ARE ACTUALLY", "jYxJG4uREs4-00039-00325515-00325648": "A LOOK AT IT HERE IN JUST A SEC. BIG ROUND PENS THAT ARE ACTUALLY HOLDING TUNA THAT THEY CAUGHT", "jYxJG4uREs4-00040-00325648-00325655": "BIG ROUND PENS THAT ARE ACTUALLY HOLDING TUNA THAT THEY CAUGHT", "jYxJG4uREs4-00041-00325655-00325818": "BIG ROUND PENS THAT ARE ACTUALLY HOLDING TUNA THAT THEY CAUGHT WITH SEINERS. AND IT ATTRACTS", "jYxJG4uREs4-00042-00325818-00325825": "HOLDING TUNA THAT THEY CAUGHT WITH SEINERS. AND IT ATTRACTS", "jYxJG4uREs4-00043-00325825-00325985": "HOLDING TUNA THAT THEY CAUGHT WITH SEINERS. AND IT ATTRACTS SCHOOLS IN, THEY FEED THESE", "jYxJG4uREs4-00044-00325985-00325992": "WITH SEINERS. AND IT ATTRACTS SCHOOLS IN, THEY FEED THESE", "jYxJG4uREs4-00045-00325992-00326132": "WITH SEINERS. AND IT ATTRACTS SCHOOLS IN, THEY FEED THESE FISH. REALLY UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00046-00326132-00326139": "SCHOOLS IN, THEY FEED THESE FISH. REALLY UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00047-00326139-00326275": "SCHOOLS IN, THEY FEED THESE FISH. REALLY UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY. SO STAY TUNED, LET'S SEE", "jYxJG4uREs4-00048-00326275-00326282": "FISH. REALLY UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY. SO STAY TUNED, LET'S SEE", "jYxJG4uREs4-00049-00326282-00326442": "FISH. REALLY UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY. SO STAY TUNED, LET'S SEE IF WE CAN GET SOME MORE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00050-00326442-00326449": "SO STAY TUNED, LET'S SEE IF WE CAN GET SOME MORE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00051-00326449-00326733": "SO STAY TUNED, LET'S SEE IF WE CAN GET SOME MORE. YEAH! YOU'RE ON THE BOARD.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00052-00326733-00326739": "IF WE CAN GET SOME MORE. YEAH! YOU'RE ON THE BOARD.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00053-00326739-00326886": "IF WE CAN GET SOME MORE. YEAH! YOU'RE ON THE BOARD. >> THANK YOU, SIR.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00054-00326886-00326893": "YEAH! YOU'RE ON THE BOARD. >> THANK YOU, SIR.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00055-00326893-00328551": "YEAH! YOU'RE ON THE BOARD. >> THANK YOU, SIR. [INDISTINCT CHATTER]", "jYxJG4uREs4-00056-00328551-00329242": "[INDISTINCT YELLING]", "jYxJG4uREs4-00057-00329242-00329512": ">> WHOO! YEAH!", "jYxJG4uREs4-00058-00329512-00329519": ">> WHOO! YEAH!", "jYxJG4uREs4-00059-00329519-00329722": ">> WHOO! YEAH! >> COMING OVER.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00060-00329722-00329729": ">> WHOO! YEAH! >> COMING OVER.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00061-00329729-00329896": ">> WHOO! YEAH! >> COMING OVER. HOLD HIM UP HERE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00062-00329896-00329902": ">> COMING OVER. HOLD HIM UP HERE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00063-00329902-00330022": ">> COMING OVER. HOLD HIM UP HERE. >> WHOO!", "jYxJG4uREs4-00064-00330022-00330029": "HOLD HIM UP HERE. >> WHOO!", "jYxJG4uREs4-00065-00330029-00330203": "HOLD HIM UP HERE. >> WHOO! >> THEY'RE GETTING BIGGER.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00066-00330203-00330209": ">> WHOO! >> THEY'RE GETTING BIGGER.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00067-00330209-00330329": ">> WHOO! >> THEY'RE GETTING BIGGER. >> SAN DIEGO, BABY.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00068-00330329-00330336": ">> THEY'RE GETTING BIGGER. >> SAN DIEGO, BABY.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00069-00330336-00330453": ">> THEY'RE GETTING BIGGER. >> SAN DIEGO, BABY. >> HIGH FIVE, DUDE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00070-00330453-00330460": ">> SAN DIEGO, BABY. >> HIGH FIVE, DUDE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00071-00330460-00330556": ">> SAN DIEGO, BABY. >> HIGH FIVE, DUDE. >> WHOO!", "jYxJG4uREs4-00072-00330556-00330563": ">> HIGH FIVE, DUDE. >> WHOO!", "jYxJG4uREs4-00073-00330563-00330653": ">> HIGH FIVE, DUDE. >> WHOO! >> CONGRATULATIONS.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00074-00330653-00330660": ">> WHOO! >> CONGRATULATIONS.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00075-00330660-00330767": ">> WHOO! >> CONGRATULATIONS. NICE QUALITY BLUEFIN HERE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00076-00330767-00330773": ">> CONGRATULATIONS. NICE QUALITY BLUEFIN HERE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00077-00330773-00330940": ">> CONGRATULATIONS. NICE QUALITY BLUEFIN HERE. WE'LL HAVE A FINE SARDINE,", "jYxJG4uREs4-00078-00330940-00330947": "NICE QUALITY BLUEFIN HERE. WE'LL HAVE A FINE SARDINE,", "jYxJG4uREs4-00079-00330947-00331067": "NICE QUALITY BLUEFIN HERE. WE'LL HAVE A FINE SARDINE, FISHING THE TUNA BEDS.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00080-00331067-00331074": "WE'LL HAVE A FINE SARDINE, FISHING THE TUNA BEDS.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00081-00331074-00331381": "WE'LL HAVE A FINE SARDINE, FISHING THE TUNA BEDS. ALL RIGHT, LET'S GET SOME MORE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00082-00331381-00331387": "FISHING THE TUNA BEDS. ALL RIGHT, LET'S GET SOME MORE.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00083-00331387-00331591": "FISHING THE TUNA BEDS. ALL RIGHT, LET'S GET SOME MORE. >> NICE JOB.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00084-00331591-00331597": "ALL RIGHT, LET'S GET SOME MORE. >> NICE JOB.", "jYxJG4uREs4-00085-00331597-00331644": "ALL RIGHT, LET'S GET SOME MORE. >> NICE JOB. >> WELL, TODAY WE'RE ABOARD"}}, {"audio_id": "jYDJJFHRKLk", "text": {"jYDJJFHRKLk-00000-00000000-00000096": "Tec Mobile Pro"}}, {"audio_id": "jYIpQNa8bRu", "text": {"jYIpQNa8bRu-00000-00000042-00000648": "[Instrumental music]", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00001-00000742-00000948": "I decided", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00002-00000948-00001408": "with my staff, who works with me a few days a week,", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00003-00001408-00001855": "we told her we should do a walk about one day -- not go swimming.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00004-00001855-00002350": "So on Friday, one of my friends, she was staying with me because her parents had a", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00005-00002350-00002556": "retreat to go to.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00006-00002556-00002897": "So we did us a walk about before she left.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00007-00002897-00003364": "And we walked around my block  and over at Lakeside Park.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00008-00003372-00003744": "And we found a few things,  more about ten", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00009-00003754-00004039": "probably -- 12 things that were wrong.  We found", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00010-00004043-00004513": "that in my block we found cracked sidewalks,", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00011-00004513-00004901": "bumps in the sidewalks, tree roots in the sidewalks", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00012-00004901-00005621": "all around my block. And curbs and [inaudible] place", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00013-00005630-00006018": "and so I've written down a lot.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00014-00006018-00006548": "There were curb cuts and the texture things", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00015-00006584-00007237": "and so I wrote down a few things  that I found wrong", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00016-00007248-00007603": "that needed to be approved like the", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00017-00007613-00008130": "crosswalks. The paints were fading and everything.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00018-00008134-00008662": "So it was kind of fun. But there was also I found with the", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00019-00008683-00009528": "new -- with my new representative  I can see if we can get that improved,", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00020-00009529-00010026": "to see if we can get some improvements  around my neighborhood.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00021-00010026-00010347": "Because before we had a big tree", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00022-00010347-00010684": "in front of my house and the sidewalk was up", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00023-00010684-00011105": "and I was major [inaudible], and so my mom called the city", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00024-00011108-00011643": "saying we are both special needs, me and my husband, that need to be removed", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00025-00011643-00012145": "because we kept tripping over that.  And so we had that tree removed.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00026-00012157-00012442": "And the whole house was like shaking", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00027-00012442-00012941": "and it scared my cousin to death. He  was at home during that time, so.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00028-00012941-00013304": "We had that tree removed and it's so much better now.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00029-00013320-00013827": "We have before -- we have noticed some trying to work on it", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00030-00013827-00014010": "right across the street, there's  a bus stop right there.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00031-00014027-00014410": "And we were trying to [inaudible] like a  little bus hut", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00032-00014410-00014638": "that has a little seat there because sometimes", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00033-00014742-00015044": "me and I my husband get tired  of standing", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00034-00015044-00015616": "while waiting on the bus. So I'm trying to work on that.", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00035-00015616-00016151": "I'm going to ask my representive to  put a bus hut right across the street", "jYIpQNa8bRu-00036-00016151-00016422": "so we're not standing all the time  while we're waiting for the bus."}}, {"audio_id": "jYSc1CRLedQ", "text": {"jYSc1CRLedQ-00000-00000000-00000200": "yo its ya boy andy mc bouncy sesh in the house droping beats at you now and im spider radgey bouncy sesh heres spiderman # awsome"}}, {"audio_id": "jZd304uCuwQ", "text": {"jZd304uCuwQ-00000-00000010-00000026": "WITH PAIN.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00001-00000026-00000033": "WITH PAIN.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00002-00000033-00000240": "WITH PAIN. SO IT'S GOING TO BE FINDING THAT", "jZd304uCuwQ-00003-00000240-00000246": "WITH PAIN. SO IT'S GOING TO BE FINDING THAT", "jZd304uCuwQ-00004-00000246-00000333": "WITH PAIN. SO IT'S GOING TO BE FINDING THAT HAPPY MEDIUM.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00005-00000333-00000340": "SO IT'S GOING TO BE FINDING THAT HAPPY MEDIUM.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00006-00000340-00000473": "SO IT'S GOING TO BE FINDING THAT HAPPY MEDIUM. >> COLLIN: TO LEGION BASEBALL.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00007-00000473-00000480": "HAPPY MEDIUM. >> COLLIN: TO LEGION BASEBALL.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00008-00000480-00000710": "HAPPY MEDIUM. >> COLLIN: TO LEGION BASEBALL. PIERZ HAD A PRETTY GOOD 2017,", "jZd304uCuwQ-00009-00000710-00000717": ">> COLLIN: TO LEGION BASEBALL. PIERZ HAD A PRETTY GOOD 2017,", "jZd304uCuwQ-00010-00000717-00000897": ">> COLLIN: TO LEGION BASEBALL. PIERZ HAD A PRETTY GOOD 2017, FINISHED SECOND TO MINNEHAHA IN", "jZd304uCuwQ-00011-00000897-00000904": "PIERZ HAD A PRETTY GOOD 2017, FINISHED SECOND TO MINNEHAHA IN", "jZd304uCuwQ-00012-00000904-00001037": "PIERZ HAD A PRETTY GOOD 2017, FINISHED SECOND TO MINNEHAHA IN A CLASSIC DOWN AT TARGET FIELD", "jZd304uCuwQ-00013-00001037-00001044": "FINISHED SECOND TO MINNEHAHA IN A CLASSIC DOWN AT TARGET FIELD", "jZd304uCuwQ-00014-00001044-00001094": "FINISHED SECOND TO MINNEHAHA IN A CLASSIC DOWN AT TARGET FIELD LAST MONTH.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00015-00001094-00001101": "A CLASSIC DOWN AT TARGET FIELD LAST MONTH.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00016-00001101-00001291": "A CLASSIC DOWN AT TARGET FIELD LAST MONTH. YEAH, THEY MIGHT HAVE COME UP A", "jZd304uCuwQ-00017-00001291-00001297": "LAST MONTH. YEAH, THEY MIGHT HAVE COME UP A", "jZd304uCuwQ-00018-00001297-00001394": "LAST MONTH. YEAH, THEY MIGHT HAVE COME UP A PLAY OR TWO SHORT.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00019-00001394-00001401": "YEAH, THEY MIGHT HAVE COME UP A PLAY OR TWO SHORT.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00020-00001401-00001474": "YEAH, THEY MIGHT HAVE COME UP A PLAY OR TWO SHORT. BUT GUESS WHAT?", "jZd304uCuwQ-00021-00001474-00001481": "PLAY OR TWO SHORT. BUT GUESS WHAT?", "jZd304uCuwQ-00022-00001481-00001601": "PLAY OR TWO SHORT. BUT GUESS WHAT? A LOT OF THOSE PLAYERS ON THAT", "jZd304uCuwQ-00023-00001601-00001608": "BUT GUESS WHAT? A LOT OF THOSE PLAYERS ON THAT", "jZd304uCuwQ-00024-00001608-00001741": "BUT GUESS WHAT? A LOT OF THOSE PLAYERS ON THAT ROSTER CARRIED OVER INTO THE", "jZd304uCuwQ-00025-00001741-00001748": "A LOT OF THOSE PLAYERS ON THAT ROSTER CARRIED OVER INTO THE", "jZd304uCuwQ-00026-00001748-00002035": "A LOT OF THOSE PLAYERS ON THAT ROSTER CARRIED OVER INTO THE LEGION SEASON, AND AFTER A GREAT", "jZd304uCuwQ-00027-00002035-00002042": "ROSTER CARRIED OVER INTO THE LEGION SEASON, AND AFTER A GREAT", "jZd304uCuwQ-00028-00002042-00002198": "ROSTER CARRIED OVER INTO THE LEGION SEASON, AND AFTER A GREAT SUMMER, THE SUCCESS CONTINUED IN", "jZd304uCuwQ-00029-00002198-00002205": "LEGION SEASON, AND AFTER A GREAT SUMMER, THE SUCCESS CONTINUED IN", "jZd304uCuwQ-00030-00002205-00002342": "LEGION SEASON, AND AFTER A GREAT SUMMER, THE SUCCESS CONTINUED IN THE STATE TOURNAMENT THIS PAST", "jZd304uCuwQ-00031-00002342-00002349": "SUMMER, THE SUCCESS CONTINUED IN THE STATE TOURNAMENT THIS PAST", "jZd304uCuwQ-00032-00002349-00002379": "SUMMER, THE SUCCESS CONTINUED IN THE STATE TOURNAMENT THIS PAST WEEK.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00033-00002379-00002385": "THE STATE TOURNAMENT THIS PAST WEEK.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00034-00002385-00002519": "THE STATE TOURNAMENT THIS PAST WEEK. THEY WON ALL FOUR GAMES THEY", "jZd304uCuwQ-00035-00002519-00002525": "WEEK. THEY WON ALL FOUR GAMES THEY", "jZd304uCuwQ-00036-00002525-00002772": "WEEK. THEY WON ALL FOUR GAMES THEY PLAYED OVER GIANT VALLEY AT NEW", "jZd304uCuwQ-00037-00002772-00002779": "THEY WON ALL FOUR GAMES THEY PLAYED OVER GIANT VALLEY AT NEW", "jZd304uCuwQ-00038-00002779-00003002": "THEY WON ALL FOUR GAMES THEY PLAYED OVER GIANT VALLEY AT NEW LOAN DO NOT-SPICER, CALEDONIA,", "jZd304uCuwQ-00039-00003002-00003009": "PLAYED OVER GIANT VALLEY AT NEW LOAN DO NOT-SPICER, CALEDONIA,", "jZd304uCuwQ-00040-00003009-00003153": "PLAYED OVER GIANT VALLEY AT NEW LOAN DO NOT-SPICER, CALEDONIA, AND THEN PROCTOR 5 TO 1 IN THE", "jZd304uCuwQ-00041-00003153-00003159": "LOAN DO NOT-SPICER, CALEDONIA, AND THEN PROCTOR 5 TO 1 IN THE", "jZd304uCuwQ-00042-00003159-00003436": "LOAN DO NOT-SPICER, CALEDONIA, AND THEN PROCTOR 5 TO 1 IN THE FINALS TO TAKE HOME THE D 2", "jZd304uCuwQ-00043-00003436-00003443": "AND THEN PROCTOR 5 TO 1 IN THE FINALS TO TAKE HOME THE D 2", "jZd304uCuwQ-00044-00003443-00003516": "AND THEN PROCTOR 5 TO 1 IN THE FINALS TO TAKE HOME THE D 2 CROWN.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00045-00003516-00003523": "FINALS TO TAKE HOME THE D 2 CROWN.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00046-00003523-00003633": "FINALS TO TAKE HOME THE D 2 CROWN. THEY QUALIFY FOR THE CENTRAL", "jZd304uCuwQ-00047-00003633-00003640": "CROWN. THEY QUALIFY FOR THE CENTRAL", "jZd304uCuwQ-00048-00003640-00003767": "CROWN. THEY QUALIFY FOR THE CENTRAL PLAINS REGIONAL TOURNAMENT IN", "jZd304uCuwQ-00049-00003767-00003773": "THEY QUALIFY FOR THE CENTRAL PLAINS REGIONAL TOURNAMENT IN", "jZd304uCuwQ-00050-00003773-00003910": "THEY QUALIFY FOR THE CENTRAL PLAINS REGIONAL TOURNAMENT IN NORTH DAKOTA LATER THIS WEEK.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00051-00003910-00003917": "PLAINS REGIONAL TOURNAMENT IN NORTH DAKOTA LATER THIS WEEK.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00052-00003917-00004033": "PLAINS REGIONAL TOURNAMENT IN NORTH DAKOTA LATER THIS WEEK. HERE ARE THE POOLS.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00053-00004033-00004040": "NORTH DAKOTA LATER THIS WEEK. HERE ARE THE POOLS.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00054-00004040-00004284": "NORTH DAKOTA LATER THIS WEEK. HERE ARE THE POOLS. PIERZ IS IN POOL A WITH WEST", "jZd304uCuwQ-00055-00004284-00004290": "HERE ARE THE POOLS. PIERZ IS IN POOL A WITH WEST", "jZd304uCuwQ-00056-00004290-00004454": "HERE ARE THE POOLS. PIERZ IS IN POOL A WITH WEST SALEM, WISCONSIN, PARK RIVER,", "jZd304uCuwQ-00057-00004454-00004461": "PIERZ IS IN POOL A WITH WEST SALEM, WISCONSIN, PARK RIVER,", "jZd304uCuwQ-00058-00004461-00004874": "PIERZ IS IN POOL A WITH WEST SALEM, WISCONSIN, PARK RIVER, NORTH DAKOTA AND MARYSVILLE OUT", "jZd304uCuwQ-00059-00004874-00004881": "SALEM, WISCONSIN, PARK RIVER, NORTH DAKOTA AND MARYSVILLE OUT", "jZd304uCuwQ-00060-00004881-00004954": "SALEM, WISCONSIN, PARK RIVER, NORTH DAKOTA AND MARYSVILLE OUT OF KANSAS.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00061-00004954-00004961": "NORTH DAKOTA AND MARYSVILLE OUT OF KANSAS.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00062-00004961-00005211": "NORTH DAKOTA AND MARYSVILLE OUT OF KANSAS. HERE IS THEIR SCHEDULE OF GAMES.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00063-00005211-00005218": "OF KANSAS. HERE IS THEIR SCHEDULE OF GAMES.", "jZd304uCuwQ-00064-00005218-00006046": "OF KANSAS. HERE IS THEIR SCHEDULE OF GAMES. THEY WILL PLAY THURSDAY AND", "jZd304uCuwQ-00065-00006046-00006052": "HERE IS THEIR SCHEDULE OF GAMES. THEY WILL PLAY THURSDAY AND", "jZd304uCuwQ-00066-00006052-00006172": "HERE IS THEIR SCHEDULE OF GAMES. THEY WILL PLAY THURSDAY AND TWICE ON FRIDAY, AND THEN"}}, {"audio_id": "jZl8_5IYOfI", "text": {"jZl8_5IYOfI-00000-00000580-00001110": "Hello! My name is Almudena Vicente-Franqueira and in this video of the Digitally-Competent Educational", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00001-00001110-00001642": "Organisations course organised by the INTEF we will talk about collaboration and networking,", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00002-00001642-00002120": "two core elements for integrating learning in a digital environment.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00003-00002396-00002698": "An educational organisation is not a place for individualism.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00004-00002699-00003227": "For our students, school is a place for socialisation par excellence.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00005-00003227-00003694": "In the same way, schools should be a work environment governed by collaboration for", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00006-00003694-00004108": "all parties involved in it and especially for the teachers.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00007-00004426-00004930": "Given the complex challenges and tasks we have to face, the future of the educational", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00008-00004930-00005583": "organisations depends on teams designing innovative projects for and by our students through a", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00009-00005583-00005860": "highly developed teacher collaborative competence.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00010-00005860-00006433": "This shared competence among all teachers can enhance quality levels of educational", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00011-00006433-00006823": "organisations in a comprehensive and sustainable way.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00012-00007108-00007616": "An educational organisation’s professional capital is influenced by whether it can create", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00013-00007616-00007831": "a learning professional community.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00014-00007831-00008296": "According to Antonio Bolívar, a school becomes a learning professional community when it", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00015-00008296-00008997": "manages to be a community of leaders in which each and every one of its members feels empowered", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00016-00008997-00009578": "and committed to the processes of change and improvement of the educational organisation.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00017-00009848-00010204": "In order for this to happen, the following specific conditions must be met:", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00018-00010205-00010498": "A shared vision focused on learning.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00019-00010498-00011111": "Internal and external communication channels that allow receiving and processing information.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00020-00011111-00011746": "Provision of collaborative work opportunities by means of an organisational structure, adequate spaces", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00021-00011762-00012536": "and timing. Be able to do a critical and creative interpretation of the curricula in order to integrate it", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00022-00012536-00012891": "and design high-quality learning settings.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00023-00012891-00013335": "Be willing to critically reassess practices and educational materials.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00024-00013335-00014030": "Provision of digital tools and devices that allow online collaborative working and learning.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00025-00014030-00014519": "Have high expectations for the teaching staff and the educational organisation.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00026-00014801-00015410": "On this basis, digitally-competent organisations can aim at creating a professional culture", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00027-00015411-00016060": "which promotes communication and collaboration both inside and outside the school, thus expanding", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00028-00016060-00016389": "the limits of conventional education.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00029-00016389-00016958": "Digitally-competent schools enable and promote expanding learning beyond the classroom walls", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00030-00016958-00017160": "and even beyond the school.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00031-00017508-00018170": "In this respect, DigCompOrg defines three sub-elements related to collaboration and networking.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00032-00018222-00018532": "Networking, sharing, and collaboration is promoted.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00033-00018631-00018917": "A strategic approach is taken to communication.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00034-00018917-00019177": "Partnerships are developed.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00035-00019177-00019676": "In other words, it is clearly stated that a digitally-competent organisation is able", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00036-00019676-00020316": "to open up to other parties, to the environment, and to networks; all of this will enable it", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00037-00020316-00020928": "to expand learning and provide its professionals with opportunities of professional development and growth.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00038-00021290-00021868": "With regards to networking, sharing and collaboration, the following descriptors are mentioned:", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00039-00021868-00022397": "Networked collaboration for staff to pool expertise and share contents is the norm.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00040-00022397-00022766": "Knowledge exchange efforts are recognised.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00041-00022780-00023076": "Students engage in effective networking.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00042-00023077-00023589": "Participation in knowledge-exchange activities and events is promoted.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00043-00023589-00023959": "Internal collaboration and knowledge exchange is expected.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00044-00023959-00024470": "In conclusion, a digitally-competent organisation not only allows its students and staff to", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00045-00024470-00024953": "participate in the opportunities that the Web provides with regard to contacting with", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00046-00024953-00025292": "other information hubs, but it also promotes it.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00047-00025292-00025594": "This is a way to enhance learning opportunities.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00048-00025883-00026374": "With respect to the strategic approach to communication, two descriptors are detailed:", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00049-00026374-00026731": "An explicit communication strategy is in place.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00050-00026731-00027043": "A dynamic online presence is evident.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00051-00027043-00027644": "A digitally-competent organisation is expected to have a digital communication network which enables it", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00052-00027644-00028345": "to give a true and fair picture of the institution in line with its mission,vision, and objectives.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00053-00028738-00029324": "And last, there are two descriptors in relation with possible partnerships that the school may develop:", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00054-00029424-00029888": "A commitment to knowledge exchange through partnerships is made evident.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00055-00029995-00030426": "Staff and students are encouraged to be actively involved in partnerships.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00056-00030427-00031039": "The organisation’s involvement in partnerships should not be just on paper; organisations", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00057-00031039-00031633": "should strive to achieve true communication between the work teams created as a result", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00058-00031633-00032136": "of the partnerships established with other schools, institutions, and networks.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00059-00032480-00033092": "In conclusion, a digitally-competent educational organisation recognises that collaboration", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00060-00033092-00033674": "is the foundation of learning and that technology can reinforce collaborative culture and strategies", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00061-00033676-00034142": "within the school and between the school and other institutions and stakeholders.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00062-00034416-00034914": "Digital competence helps us understand that knowledge is distributed online and, in order", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00063-00034916-00035558": "to obtain it, process it and use it in real life and learn, we have to connect with other hubs.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00064-00035912-00036362": "Collaboration and networking are fundamental for the development of a digitally-competent", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00065-00036363-00036561": "individual and organisation.", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00066-00036561-00037077": "In both cases, in our interconnected world, collaboration and networking are nowadays", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00067-00037077-00037657": "the starting point in the development of student key competences, of teacher professional competences,", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00068-00037657-00038174": "and of the school’s knowledge bank and professional capital which the school relies on in order", "jZl8_5IYOfI-00069-00038174-00038499": "to provide its students with the best possible service."}}, {"audio_id": "jZImWeaFAzM", "text": {"jZImWeaFAzM-00000-00000014-00001992": "Transcript Julia: Hi, Sammy!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00001-00001992-00003477": "Sammy: Hi, Julia.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00002-00003477-00005321": "Julia: What are you doing?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00003-00005321-00005778": "Sammy: I'm using my phone.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00004-00005778-00005890": "Julia: Right.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00005-00005890-00006142": "So what are you doing on your phone?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00006-00006142-00006514": "Are you writing a romantic SMS message to me?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00007-00006514-00006795": "Sammy: I'm looking at some pictures.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00008-00006795-00006986": "Julia: Oh.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00009-00006986-00007086": "Can I see?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00010-00007086-00007204": "Have you got some good ones?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00011-00007204-00007358": "Sammy: Sure!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00012-00007358-00007759": "Do you want to see some pictures of me doing sports?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00013-00007759-00007947": "I'm pretty good.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00014-00007947-00008081": "Julia: Why not?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00015-00008081-00008184": "Sammy: OK.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00016-00008184-00008287": "Here's one.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00017-00008287-00008492": "That's me playing tennis.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00018-00008492-00008771": "Julia: What?!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00019-00008771-00008942": "You're not playing tennis!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00020-00008942-00009110": "You're just ... Sammy: Oh!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00021-00009110-00009401": "And this one ... this is me and my dad.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00022-00009401-00009721": "Julia: Oh, yes.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00023-00009721-00009918": "And you're playing tennis?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00024-00009918-00010162": "Sammy: What?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00025-00010162-00010383": "We're not playing tennis.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00026-00010383-00010483": "We're boxing.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00027-00010483-00010744": "Julia: Oh, yes.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00028-00010744-00010844": "Right.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00029-00010844-00011144": "... Yes, of course you are.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00030-00011144-00011304": "You're boxing.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00031-00011304-00011463": "Silly me.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00032-00011463-00011754": "Sammy: Here's another one.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00033-00011754-00012050": "Julia: Oh.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00034-00012050-00012197": "It's your sister.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00035-00012197-00012302": "Sammy: That’s right!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00036-00012302-00012936": "Julia: And she's ... I'm sorry, what's she doing?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00037-00012936-00013182": "Sammy: Playing golf!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00038-00013182-00013440": "Julia: She's playing golf?!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00039-00013440-00014116": "But where's the ... Sammy: You're not really into sports, are", "jZImWeaFAzM-00040-00014116-00014216": "you?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00041-00014216-00014329": "Julia: I love sports!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00042-00014329-00014793": "Sammy: But you don't really know about sports, do you?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00043-00014793-00015550": "Julia: I know lots about sports, but your photographs ... I mean, this one!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00044-00015550-00015863": "Are you playing golf here, too?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00045-00015863-00016081": "Sammy: No, I'm playing badminton!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00046-00016081-00016209": "Can't you tell?!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00047-00016209-00016318": "Julia: No!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00048-00016318-00016645": "Sammy: I'll show you another one.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00049-00016645-00016915": "Julia: No.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00050-00016915-00017166": "It's OK, really.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00051-00017166-00017765": "You don't ... Sammy: So what about this one?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00052-00017765-00017890": "What am I doing in this one?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00053-00017890-00018121": "Julia: I don't know.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00054-00018121-00018523": "Playing football for England, probably.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00055-00018523-00018954": "Sammy: Oh, thanks.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00056-00018954-00019243": "Julia: Well?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00057-00019243-00019531": "Sammy: Cricket.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00058-00019531-00019818": "Julia: Really?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00059-00019818-00020107": "Sammy: OK.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00060-00020107-00020323": "So what am I doing in this one?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00061-00020323-00020604": "What am I doing here?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00062-00020604-00020932": "Julia: Jumping like an idiot?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00063-00020932-00021090": "Sammy: Ha, very funny!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00064-00021090-00021379": "No, I'm swimming.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00065-00021379-00021589": "My dad and I are having a race.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00066-00021589-00021804": "Julia: Right.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00067-00021804-00022123": "But if you're swimming, why are you laughing?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00068-00022123-00022470": "I mean, you can't laugh and swim fast.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00069-00022470-00022631": "Sammy: Because I'm winning!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00070-00022631-00022863": "Look at my dad.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00071-00022863-00023068": "Just look at his face.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00072-00023068-00023223": "You can see he's losing.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00073-00023223-00023496": "And he knows I'm the best.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00074-00023496-00023724": "And look at ... Julia: No.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00075-00023724-00024065": "Sammy, I don't want to see any more.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00076-00024065-00024218": "Listen, Sammy.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00077-00024218-00024624": "Number one, you're always talking about yourself.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00078-00024624-00025168": "And number two, you're always looking at photographs of yourself.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00079-00025168-00025426": "Sammy: And number three?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00080-00025426-00025817": "Julia: Number three, OK.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00081-00025817-00026131": "Number three, these aren't sport!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00082-00026131-00026397": "They're just stupid games on your computer!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00083-00026397-00026575": "Sammy: No, they're not!", "jZImWeaFAzM-00084-00026575-00026908": "They're like ... they're like, you know, real sports.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00085-00026908-00027097": "Julia: How, Sammy?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00086-00027097-00027333": "How are these like real sport?", "jZImWeaFAzM-00087-00027333-00027627": "Sammy: You can hurt yourself.", "jZImWeaFAzM-00088-00027627-00027747": "Julia: Hmph."}}, {"audio_id": "jaIuvgdE0Du", "text": {"jaIuvgdE0Du-00000-00000142-00000567": "We're gathered here today to talk about the future of tourism and digital", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00001-00000567-00000924": "transformation. We've pulled together some of the young innovators in this", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00002-00000924-00001376": "space that are doing things like working with crypto or digital currency, working", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00003-00001376-00001814": "in virtual reality and augmented reality, thinking about new tourism distribution", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00004-00001814-00002219": "platforms online and we're really excited to begin this conversation and", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00005-00002219-00002700": "talk about the future of tourism and digital transformation.", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00006-00002700-00003221": "My research focuses more on virtual reality. If you think about virtual reality as an", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00007-00003221-00003768": "advancement from video, for example, I'm trying to empirically measure how much", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00008-00003768-00003900": "more effective it is.", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00009-00003900-00004200": "Well, I feel that AI is so really, like, interesting thing that's", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00010-00004302-00004719": "going on in the tourism industry space right now, because it adds on to what", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00011-00004719-00005157": "is available, like physically, and it adds something else extra for the consumer", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00012-00005157-00005420": "to experience. So, that's special.", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00013-00005420-00005610": "All the advancements that", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00014-00005610-00006057": "are happening now that I can see you can turn into opportunities. Whether you", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00015-00006057-00006606": "think about Airbnb experiences and them as more competition, or them as actually", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00016-00006606-00007050": "enabling tourism to grow and create better experiences and better destinations.", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00017-00007090-00007530": "Mass tourism is affecting a lot of environments and a lot of culture,", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00018-00007530-00007922": "a lot of social structures and everything. So, I think the introduction", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00019-00007922-00008517": "of VR and AR technology can really give people the experience they want without", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00020-00008517-00009139": "damaging the environment or having an effect on people's way of life.", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00021-00009139-00009672": "Travelbybit is a digital currency payment processor.  We enable any business", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00022-00009672-00010303": "to take payments in cryptocurrency but we focus on the travel sector. So, anyone", "jaIuvgdE0Du-00023-00010303-00010850": "now from anywhere in the world can make payments to anyone through our payment platform."}}, {"audio_id": "jaQ8oC-TERc", "text": {"jaQ8oC-TERc-00000-00001886-00002248": "Hello, welcome to EZhow channel", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00001-00002248-00002576": "which is about How to,", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00002-00002576-00003012": "making easy toy ,you can do at home", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00003-00003222-00003532": "teach you to build gunpla", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00004-00003532-00003779": "and Reviewing gunpla", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00005-00003779-00004212": "and today is reviewing Gundam Tryon 3", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00006-00004212-00004560": "which is in Gundam Build Fighters Try animated cartoon", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00007-00004560-00004960": "This one is based on ZZ Gundam", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00008-00005004-00005376": "It is composed from 3 animal-like machines", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00009-00005376-00005474": "Sora", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00010-00005474-00005576": "Umi", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00011-00005576-00005740": "and Riku", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00012-00006035-00006333": "First, let's open the box", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00013-00006334-00006562": "what we have inside", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00014-00006562-00006766": "There are", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00015-00006766-00006854": "1", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00016-00006854-00006981": "2", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00017-00006981-00007168": "3", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00018-00007168-00007316": "4", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00019-00007331-00007531": "5", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00020-00007546-00007746": "6", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00021-00007801-00008001": "7 bags", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00022-00008001-00008221": "and an instruction manual", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00023-00008302-00008804": "and sticker will be in the first bag", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00024-00009272-00009654": "Next we will take a look at the runners", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00025-00010043-00010325": "There are 18 runners", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00026-00010351-00010591": "small and big runners", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00027-00010620-00010820": "we will start at \"A\"", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00028-00010876-00011076": "how good the detail is", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00029-00013070-00013270": "B", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00030-00015536-00015736": "C", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00031-00017558-00017758": "D", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00032-00018999-00019199": "E", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00033-00020130-00020330": "F", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00034-00020526-00020726": "some scratched from the delivery", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00035-00021008-00021258": "I'm sorry. This runner is still \"E\"", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00036-00021258-00021388": "There are 2 \"E\" runners", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00037-00022099-00022299": "now is \"F\"", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00038-00023416-00023616": "\"G\"", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00039-00023616-00023822": "Riku isn't it?", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00040-00026426-00026720": "\"H\"", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00041-00027372-00027572": "\"I\" is small one", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00042-00028180-00028380": "\"J\"", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00043-00029306-00029506": "\"K\"is a long sword blade", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00044-00030049-00030249": "\"L\"", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00045-00031092-00031292": "\"EF\" is the wing parts", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00046-00031292-00031475": "clear parts", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00047-00032706-00032906": "Light Saber", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00048-00033505-00033787": "PC part runners", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00049-00034270-00034470": "stickers", "jaQ8oC-TERc-00050-00035320-00035592": "Next is building it"}}, {"audio_id": "jb1Fuov9mfI", "text": {"jb1Fuov9mfI-00000-00001754-00002322": "so Venezuela... Land of grace, oil and miss universes...for a while I've been", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00001-00002322-00002927": "wanting to do this since I've not only lived most of the lovely and rosey and", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00002-00002927-00003414": "peaceful years of the bolivarian Revolution myself but I actually worked", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00003-00003414-00004089": "and fought and hustle to support those who oppose the catastrophe there was", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00004-00004089-00004719": "Chavez and later Maduro back in college I actually put on hold my", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00005-00004719-00005103": "career in chemistry because I couldn't stop engagement politically afterwards", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00006-00005103-00005643": "they even quitted a scholarship to do a doctorate in Japan because all I wanted", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00007-00005643-00006189": "was to go back and want to go back home and keep fighting the good fight from", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00008-00006189-00006854": "there I went directly to the big leagues as part if a team charged with the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00009-00006854-00007479": "with centralizing the contact data from volunteers all", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00010-00007479-00008064": "over the country and then verifying that data well I was in fact responsible for", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00011-00008064-00008628": "for the whole team's operations, I was part of the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00012-00008628-00009257": "campaign of Henrique Capriles Radonski in 2012 and 2013 so yeah I know my shit", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00013-00009257-00010281": "basically and then 2015 I just left Venezuela because you know I like food", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00014-00010281-00011036": "I like having access to groceries and medicine and I especially like not", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00015-00011036-00011618": "having that constant and horrifying feeling that behind every corner", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00016-00011618-00012460": "something horrible awairts you and you'll get only mugged if you're lucky", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00017-00012460-00013333": "so yeah again Venezuela land of grace, oil, miss universes and the patient zero", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00018-00013920-00014593": "of the modern Authoriarian's playbook in the Western Hemisphere. What", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00019-00014593-00015112": "I want is then to share the story from my point of view and from the very start", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00020-00015112-00015601": "all from my perspective so don't expect any kind of balance okay I will dish on", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00021-00015601-00016465": "those who deserve it according to me. that said, let's talk Chavez. So Chavez", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00022-00016465-00017152": "was a very average tending to failing officer in the military nobody knew who", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00023-00017152-00017797": "the hell he was in 1992 when he had his breakout multimedia project you know", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00024-00017797-00018553": "February the 4th the day it dawn with a coup turns out little Hugo and some of", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00025-00018553-00019147": "his friends who will come back into the story later don't worry they have been", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00026-00019147-00019672": "really really naughty and they had been spending a lot of time conspiring to top", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00027-00019672-00020137": "the government by for us since they deemed the democratic framework and", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00028-00020137-00020716": "especially the political party is participating in it as a corrupted pile", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00029-00020716-00021211": "of hot garbage that was impossible to save ever even work with so they", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00030-00021211-00022004": "literally wanted to clean the states they even actually they even wanted to", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00031-00022004-00022626": "institute a hygiene committee if it sounds Orwellian enough but in any", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00032-00022626-00023188": "case the coup the coup started somewhere around 4 a.m. and by 8 a.m. and it was", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00033-00023188-00023757": "all over they did took some buildings I guess the most emblematic moment the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00034-00023757-00024322": "most implemented one must be V T V better way the state Broadcasting", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00035-00024322-00024784": "Network but other than that they achieve nothing militarily", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00036-00024784-00025672": "but socially and politically it was an earthquake you see in the early 90s", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00037-00025672-00026125": "trust in the government and the institution couldn't have been any lower", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00038-00026125-00026737": "I mean the country had been in the middle of an economic crisis that have", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00039-00026737-00027394": "slowly been showing the cracks in Venezuelan society it all culminated in", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00040-00027394-00028239": "early 1989 with the huge riots collectively called El Caracazo", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00041-00028239-00028753": "we'll return to that point later you know but for now just keep in mind that", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00042-00028753-00029174": "the people felt betrayed and mocked by the government and the political parties", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00043-00029174-00029912": "and political elites so when they saw Chavez they thought well at least", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00044-00029912-00030553": "somebody's trying to do something Chavez went to jail of course I mean we used to", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00045-00030553-00031087": "be a regular country you know but the ripple effect of his actions were", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00046-00031087-00031813": "immediate that much of a shock it was a few months after here's another group of", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00047-00031813-00032255": "army men tried another coup and every smaller coup which failed of", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00048-00032255-00032906": "course and the government went into your panic mode the Congress decided to", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00049-00032906-00033397": "indict the president at the time Carlos Andres Perez and the Supreme Court trialed and", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00050-00033397-00033916": "sentenced him to home arrest in an attempt to offer like a sacrifice lamb to the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00051-00033916-00034684": "people to help them turn the page and move on but well I mean the people did", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00052-00034684-00035357": "take the lamb, gladly, but they did not forget a thing. I mean it was horrible 1989", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00053-00035357-00036002": "was horrible in Venezuela, so the old bipartisan system was basically over the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00054-00036002-00036731": "1993 elections were as contested as they could have been to give you an idea the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00055-00036731-00037082": "winner Rafael Caldera was one of the original", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00056-00037082-00037651": "founders of one of the two big old national parties then got kicked out and", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00057-00037651-00038432": "now despite maybe he found another party for president and won by calling his", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00058-00038432-00038864": "supporters his roaches but in case of into things relevant about these man's", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00059-00038864-00039587": "germ we're in the first place his willingness and complicity in the whole", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00060-00039587-00040358": "anti-party, anti-politics narrative that had been circulated in each and", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00061-00040358-00040961": "every subset of the Venezuelan society I mean he was really", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00062-00040961-00041597": "salty from from all the getting kicked out thing and I mean he had", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00063-00041597-00042182": "previously been the third President of democratic Venezuela as well how dare they", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00064-00042182-00042746": "you know and indeed you know that helped him win the election so of course he was", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00065-00042746-00043610": "gonna keep that card no but but also like he's he unexpectedly and without any", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00066-00043610-00044174": "good reason other than trying to mess with his political enemies he he fully", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00067-00044174-00044738": "pardoned and released Chavez just like that he later on tried to justify and", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00068-00044738-00045434": "even to apologize about it but in any case Chavez was not free to roam and do", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00069-00045434-00046079": "as he pleased which he did but he got busy those years getting ready for the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00070-00046079-00046721": "1998 elections you know like really on the down low he started a political", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00071-00046721-00047387": "movement called MBR-200 don't mean I don't remember exactly the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00072-00047387-00047975": "name I think it's MBR-2000 there were a lot of things involved in this", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00073-00047975-00048366": "movement this political movement you know but one of the things that was most", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00074-00048366-00048854": "remarkable and was unusual about this movement about this movement is that he", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00075-00048854-00049460": "started calling for the integration of the Armed Forces into civilian and", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00076-00049460-00050112": "especially governmental affairs because and I'm paraphrasing of course", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00077-00050112-00050558": "we needed some logistical support to get things back to work and who could", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00078-00050558-00051034": "do who could do it better than the disciplined people from military", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00079-00051034-00051514": "you know so and this is a message that resonates with venezuelans very very", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00080-00051514-00052444": "well because we have a long long long history of wanting and waiting for a", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00081-00052444-00052960": "strong man who will discipline and bring order to the government clean it up and", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00082-00052960-00053674": "you know like get everyone back into course and I mean I guess military", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00083-00053674-00054180": "figures already have the look for the role you know so it helped as well the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00084-00054180-00054705": "Chavez was in my opinion and I sincerely hoped that one day experts in", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00085-00054705-00055504": "academics and I don't know historians or whatever study Chavez study how Chavez", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00086-00055504-00055980": "was to me one of the most charismatic people who has ever lived in the world", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00087-00055980-00056494": "like seriously the man had such power and control over the cover those who", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00088-00056494-00057115": "listened to him and he perfected it in such an amazing way that I just feel", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00089-00057115-00057616": "sometimes that there were there was very little to stop him you know even if", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00090-00057616-00057997": "Venezuela was a country with the appropriate mechanisms to avoid people", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00091-00057997-00058789": "like that from getting into power but out of the force of charisma alone the you", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00092-00058789-00059302": "know the system always apologetically tried and would find a way to give him", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00093-00059302-00060010": "what he wanted but anyway the movement became a political party MVR", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00094-00060010-00060552": "Movimiento Quinta Republica, Movement for the Fifth Republic and soon enough", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00095-00060552-00061158": "Chavez was getting more and more momentum and I remember those elections", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00096-00061158-00061861": "clearly I mean I was 13 years old and they were crazy crazy as hell I mean a", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00097-00061861-00062479": "former Miss Universe from 1981 named Irene Saez started the race on the lead", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00098-00062479-00063277": "and with a really really good traction now now you can giggle at the idea but", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00099-00063277-00063862": "she had already proven herself as an efficient and uncorrupted public", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00100-00063862-00064285": "administrator when she took a couple of terms as mayor of one of Caracas", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00101-00064285-00064666": "municipalities so being a miss was actually a plus for", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00102-00064666-00065191": "her not a minus her downfall was actually when she struck a deal with one of the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00103-00065191-00065794": "oh so last season OG parties again she didn't lose points with the people for", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00104-00065794-00066324": "being because she was a former Miss Universe she lose she lost the crowd", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00105-00066324-00067048": "because she accepted the support of the Venezuela equivalent of the GOP so", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00106-00067048-00067666": "so you can imagine how people were so fed up of the old bipartisan", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00107-00067666-00068137": "system that everything they touched seen and was for a long time politically", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00108-00068137-00069195": "toxic Chavez began thus branding himself as a revolutionary who wanted to really", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00109-00069195-00069841": "subvert the state as a whole because I'm paraphrasing of course I don't", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00110-00069841-00070543": "remember exactly his words but TLDR he said the institution's in place by the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00111-00070543-00071094": "Constitution of 1961 the basis of the democratic state of Venezuela we're all", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00112-00071094-00071512": "set up from the beginning and managed in a way that excluded the disadvantaged", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00113-00071512-00072223": "ones and kept the political and economic elites comfortably in power where they", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00114-00072223-00072702": "could you know keep stealing the money that should have been you know invested", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00115-00072702-00073405": "on the people remember Veneuela had a lot of oil money so Chavez said", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00116-00073405-00074023": "that that corruption and the system itself was designed in a way to keep", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00117-00074023-00074575": "people poor and the political elites stealing the money was was was keeping", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00118-00074575-00075377": "them poor which is it's not entirely false so his solution was a revolution", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00119-00075377-00076243": "he put on his red beret and he put on the table the idea of changing the constitution as the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00120-00076243-00076762": "main campaign promise kind of like Trump's wall to consecrate", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00121-00076762-00077368": "on it the principle of direct democracy inclusion social equality joint", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00122-00077368-00077648": "cooperation between army party and civilian", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00123-00077648-00078445": "all properly packaged and sold as very distorted and in many many cases plain", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00124-00078445-00079000": "twisted or made-up elements from Simón Bolívar's philosophical and political", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00125-00079000-00079505": "thought just as a quick side note for those who don't know Bolivar it's like", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00126-00079505-00079961": "the venezuela in Washington except that he's even bigger for us you know he's an", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00127-00079961-00080405": "even bigger deal for us he's more than a national hero for Venezuela for most", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00128-00080405-00080902": "Venezuelans he's the foundation myth of the country so you can imagine how", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00129-00080902-00081461": "appealing that message was for many you know even for you know like rational", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00130-00081461-00082245": "people like academics and stuff so his main opponent who was Henrique Salas Romer", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00131-00082245-00082786": "he had been governor of relatively wealthy state and had done an okay job", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00132-00082786-00083366": "putting finances in order people saw him as you know as an honest", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00133-00083366-00084064": "man and he kept investing in the states something that was seen as unusual from", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00134-00084064-00084647": "a local mandatary you know since they always had been using this old", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00135-00084647-00085049": "excuse of Caracas is not sending enough resources so we there's nothing we can", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00136-00085049-00085600": "do which was originally like a cover-up for corruption and just a really really", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00137-00085600-00086198": "lousy job of administration but in any case Salas Romer wasn't a", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00138-00086198-00086845": "great speaker as Chavez but he had one thing to he has advantage which was fear", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00139-00086845-00087280": "as Chavez kept getting stronger on the polls the campaign began to coalesce", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00140-00087280-00087880": "into a two camps showdown Salas Romer was the only one who was close enough to him", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00141-00087880-00088492": "to put up a fight so everyone you know like went behind him and the message of", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00142-00088492-00089062": "his campaign began to take every week darker and darker tones with a bunch of", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00143-00089062-00089510": "you know visions of the future the indeed try to expose Chavez of smoke and", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00144-00089510-00089950": "mirrors covering only a violent and grim outcome for the country if he was", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00145-00089950-00090751": "elected but those were the days of the beginning of that saying \"no vale yo", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00146-00090751-00091138": "no creo\" which roughly could be translated as naah", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00147-00091138-00092287": "there's no way that'll happen i don't believe that he would be incapable of doing that, no vale yo no creo", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00148-00092287-00093212": "turns out hindsight is a bitch and thus the fear and all the eerly predictions of", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00149-00093212-00093907": "the future were not enough. Chavez won. Not by a landslide but a", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00150-00093907-00094762": "comfortable margin that left no doubt of the winner I remember the night we had", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00151-00094762-00095488": "only one TV back in the house so we all gather in the living room to listen you", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00152-00095488-00096155": "know to watch the results and listen to you to his speech when he won. All my", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00153-00096155-00096493": "family voted for him there were crazy supporters of Chavez no they were more", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00154-00096493-00097022": "than happy they we're like crazy happy. Me too was kind of excited", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00155-00097022-00097762": "because even though I was young I already had a bunch of political ideas", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00156-00097762-00098317": "and and concepts and and of stuff in my head because my grandpa and I we used to", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00157-00098317-00098912": "debate all the time he was a staunch communist communist so we used to clash", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00158-00098912-00099512": "a lot whenever his answers would be in conflict with my understanding for", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00159-00099512-00100379": "democracy was there were some really heated debates anyway I remember feeling I remember feeling", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00160-00100379-00100972": "reassured with his speech because even though all of my family supported him I", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00161-00100972-00101810": "secretly wanted him to lose because you know I had that gut feeling that this", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00162-00101810-00102778": "man he's covering something this this this is not all of it so I I told", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00163-00102778-00103224": "myself I remember watching him I told myself well I'm sure it'd all be", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00164-00103224-00103578": "alright how wrong was little me.", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00165-00103578-00103878": "That's where we begin with Chavez he was", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00166-00103878-00104618": "democratically elected everything was you know the way it was supposed to be", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00167-00104618-00105318": "so what happened well we're gonna find that out soon enough", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00168-00105318-00105675": "trust me so I hope you join me on the next video where we're going to talk", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00169-00105675-00106401": "about the first years of Chavez and the new constitution why that was so such", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00170-00106401-00107118": "key part of his playbook I think at the end of each episode what", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00171-00107118-00107928": "we're gonna do is try to write down exactly his strategy in order for you", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00172-00107928-00108668": "to recognize those signals whenever you see them in the discourse of a candidate", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00173-00108668-00109641": "so you can choose correctly and you can avoid putting your country through the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00174-00109641-00110199": "hell that Venezuela is living right now if you liked it you can just hit the", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00175-00110199-00110675": "like button and share whatever I don't know", "jb1Fuov9mfI-00176-00110691-00111796": "thank you for listening"}}, {"audio_id": "jb5eFIl_pbI", "text": {"jb5eFIl_pbI-00000-00000071-00000583": "in this video we're going to look at a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00001-00000319-00000624": "very common type of phonological rule", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00002-00000583-00001008": "called", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00003-00000624-00001304": "assimilation. this happens when one sound", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00004-00001008-00001455": "becomes similar to other sounds in its", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00005-00001304-00001632": "vicinity", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00006-00001455-00001800": "take a look at these two examples in", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00007-00001632-00002135": "English. 'can't", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00008-00001800-00002416": "you' and 'would you'", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00009-00002135-00002511": "originally these words have an alveolar", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00010-00002416-00002872": "/t/", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00011-00002511-00003151": "in contact with a palatal sound", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00012-00002872-00003320": "the one at the beginning of 'you' so if", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00013-00003151-00003552": "you have an alveolar /t/", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00014-00003320-00003752": "and you have a palatal sound here, the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00015-00003552-00004079": "palatal sound could pull your", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00016-00003752-00004255": "tongue up so that it goes into the post-", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00017-00004079-00004520": "alveolar region", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00018-00004255-00004671": "and then you wouldn't have a /t/ you would", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00019-00004520-00005152": "have the affricate", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00020-00004671-00005423": "[t͡ʃ] as in [kʰænt͡ʃ]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00021-00005152-00005623": "likewise if you have an alveolar /d/", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00022-00005423-00005984": "followed by a palatal sound", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00023-00005623-00006319": "the palatal sound would pull your tongue", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00024-00005984-00006479": "further back, closer to the palatal", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00025-00006319-00006688": "and now your tongue would not be in the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00026-00006479-00006815": "alveolar position but in the post-", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00027-00006688-00007384": "alveolar one", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00028-00006815-00007384": "and you would get the word [wʊd͡ʒ], [kʰænt͡ʃ], [wʊd͡ʒ]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00029-00007568-00007936": "where the last sound of these two is", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00030-00007815-00008200": "pulled back", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00031-00007936-00008279": "by the palatal sound. we call this", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00032-00008200-00008488": "process where", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00033-00008279-00008632": "one sound becomes more similar to the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00034-00008488-00008911": "other ones in its vicinity", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00035-00008632-00008911": "assimilation", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00036-00009007-00009320": "so before we look at assimilation, let's", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00037-00009215-00009528": "just", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00038-00009320-00009679": "review everything we've done so far with", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00039-00009528-00009943": "phonological rules", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00040-00009679-00010040": "make sure everything is clear. we've been", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00041-00009943-00010296": "looking at", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00042-00010040-00010375": "rules, for example, the German ich-laut", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00043-00010296-00010679": "which is", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00044-00010375-00010704": "the change of the palatal fricative into", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00045-00010679-00011079": "a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00046-00010704-00011192": "velar fricative whenever the sound is", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00047-00011079-00011496": "preceded", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00048-00011192-00011720": "by a central or a back vowel", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00049-00011496-00011800": "for example, the underlying form for the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00050-00011720-00012152": "word book", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00051-00011800-00012488": "would be something like /buːç/ but", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00052-00012152-00012696": "that word has a back vowel /u/ followed", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00053-00012488-00012800": "by the fricative and then this rule will", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00054-00012696-00013087": "be triggered", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00055-00012800-00013368": "and it will transform this sound into", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00056-00013087-00013368": "the velar one [buːx]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00057-00013400-00013784": "likewise we studied the rule for Spanish", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00058-00013680-00014023": "lenition", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00059-00013784-00014119": "so this is a fancy word for softening", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00060-00014023-00014519": "because we take", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00061-00014119-00014847": "a stop /d/ and turn it into a fricative", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00062-00014519-00015136": "[ð] which is supposed to feel", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00063-00014847-00015200": "softer. so this rule says that whenever", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00064-00015136-00015484": "you have a /d/", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00065-00015200-00015640": "like this one, the one in /lado/ which means", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00066-00015484-00015959": "side", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00067-00015640-00016280": "the /d/ would transform would become", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00068-00015959-00016551": "an [ð] because it is preceded", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00069-00016280-00016672": "by a vowel and indeed this [ð] here has a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00070-00016551-00016928": "vowel before it", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00071-00016672-00016976": "so the...this environment triggers the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00072-00016928-00017464": "rule", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00073-00016976-00017464": "and transforms the /d/ into a softer [ð]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00074-00017495-00017856": "so these are the parts of the rule. the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00075-00017656-00018151": "first part is the class of", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00076-00017856-00018256": "sounds that is affected by the...by the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00077-00018151-00018584": "rule. the base", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00078-00018256-00018872": "phoneme such as the palatal", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00079-00018584-00018992": "fricative in German and this stop in", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00080-00018872-00019136": "Spanish", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00081-00018992-00019320": "the second part of the rule is the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00082-00019136-00019495": "phonetic change that is produced by the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00083-00019320-00019864": "rule essentially the output", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00084-00019495-00019984": "of the rule so you take something in and", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00085-00019864-00020312": "then you produce", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00086-00019984-00020664": "a velar fricative in Germany or the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00087-00020312-00020848": "[ð] in Spanish. when does this happen", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00088-00020664-00021079": "whenever there is a phonological", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00089-00020848-00021328": "environment that triggers the rule", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00090-00021079-00021408": "basically the input of the rule, so", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00091-00021328-00021712": "whenever you see", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00092-00021408-00021840": "a back vowel and the fric...and the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00093-00021712-00022015": "palatal fricative", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00094-00021840-00022159": "that palatal fricative is transformed", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00095-00022015-00022448": "into the velar", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00096-00022159-00022528": "or here whenever you see a vowel and a /d/", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00097-00022448-00022856": "that /d/", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00098-00022528-00023079": "is transformed into an [ð] so", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00099-00022856-00023223": "these are the parts of a phonological", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00100-00023079-00023536": "rule", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00101-00023223-00023600": "having reviewed that, let's, uh, take a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00102-00023536-00023936": "look at some", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00103-00023600-00024223": "common types of rules. the one that we'll", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00104-00023936-00024520": "focus on right now is assimilation which", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00105-00024223-00024800": "is changing a sound to make it resemble", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00106-00024520-00024895": "its neighboring sounds. we'll study the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00107-00024800-00025159": "other", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00108-00024895-00025284": "types of rules in the next video. so for", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00109-00025159-00025528": "now", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00110-00025284-00025663": "assimilation here's some beautiful", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00111-00025528-00026000": "Italian data", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00112-00025663-00026079": "and this data has the...has two nasals in", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00113-00026000-00026472": "it", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00114-00026079-00026775": "the alveolar nasal and the velar", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00115-00026472-00026952": "nasal, the [ŋ], so", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00116-00026775-00027152": "the very first thing we need to do is to", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00117-00026952-00027480": "try to find minimal pairs", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00118-00027152-00027880": "for these two sounds", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00119-00027480-00027880": "give it a shot. please pause the video", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00120-00028160-00028744": "welcome back! so are there any", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00121-00028480-00028839": "words where the only difference is that", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00122-00028744-00029232": "one of them has", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00123-00028839-00029488": "[n] and the other one has the velar [ŋ]?", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00124-00029232-00029672": "nope there's nothing like that", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00125-00029488-00029968": "interestingly the set", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00126-00029672-00030056": "does have a minimal pair but for vowels", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00127-00029968-00030408": "the words", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00128-00030056-00030527": "[tiŋgo] and [tɛŋgo] are a minimal pair but", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00129-00030408-00030863": "they're a minimal pair for", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00130-00030527-00031047": "[i] and [ɛ], not for the nasals", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00131-00030863-00031200": "we were looking for a minimal pair where", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00132-00031047-00031232": "the only difference is that one has the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00133-00031200-00031432": "[n]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00134-00031232-00031575": "and the other one has the velar [ŋ] one", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00135-00031432-00031736": "the velar [ŋ] one", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00136-00031575-00031983": "and we don't have that. so we don't have", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00137-00031736-00032239": "minimal pairs", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00138-00031983-00032439": "the next thing we need to do is to study", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00139-00032239-00032840": "the environments where we find", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00140-00032439-00033119": "the alveolar [n] and the velar [ŋ]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00141-00032840-00033280": "so what we've been doing so far, we go", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00142-00033119-00033408": "through each of our words and try to", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00143-00033280-00033719": "figure out", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00144-00033408-00034056": "where we see an [ŋ]. in example a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00145-00033719-00034591": "we see an [n] preceded by the sound [i]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00146-00034056-00034903": "and followed by a [t] in [tinta]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00147-00034591-00035184": "in example g we see a velar [ŋ]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00148-00034903-00035240": "it is preceded by the sound [i] and", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00149-00035184-00035608": "followed", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00150-00035240-00035808": "by a [g] as in [tiŋgo]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00151-00035608-00036024": "so please, uh, grab a piece of paper and", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00152-00035808-00036208": "take a moment to", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00153-00036024-00036400": "go through every word and figure out", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00154-00036208-00036728": "what the environments are", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00155-00036400-00036960": "for the [n] and the [ŋ]. please pause the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00156-00036728-00036960": "video", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00157-00037240-00037752": "welcome back! so you should have", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00158-00037552-00038000": "something like this", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00159-00037752-00038088": "where for example we find the [n] in quite", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00160-00038000-00038344": "a variety", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00161-00038088-00038440": "of environments. we have it next to", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00162-00038344-00038768": "vowels", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00163-00038440-00038936": "to consonants, to the edge of words", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00164-00038768-00039080": "but the [ŋ] is a little bit more", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00165-00038936-00039408": "restricted", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00166-00039080-00039503": "the [ŋ] is surrounded by vowels for", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00167-00039408-00039800": "sure", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00168-00039503-00039936": "but then it is always followed by either", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00169-00039800-00040352": "a [g]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00170-00039936-00040447": "or a [k] and this is something that does", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00171-00040352-00040736": "not appear", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00172-00040447-00040903": "here, so these two are in complementary", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00173-00040736-00041231": "distribution", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00174-00040903-00041584": "in that the environments with the [g]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00175-00041231-00041719": "and the [k] for [ŋ] never appear as", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00176-00041584-00041936": "environments for the [n]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00177-00041719-00042136": "so wherever you see the [ŋ], you are", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00178-00041936-00042272": "never going to see the [n]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00179-00042136-00042456": "so these two are in complementary", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00180-00042272-00042784": "distribution", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00181-00042456-00042959": "here's the fun part. is there anything in", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00182-00042784-00043312": "common", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00183-00042959-00043408": "between [g] and [k]? is there a feature that", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00184-00043312-00043759": "you can use", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00185-00043408-00044096": "to describe those two sounds?", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00186-00043759-00044440": "and of course there is. both are velar", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00187-00044096-00044768": "sounds. they're also stops, but", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00188-00044440-00045112": "most importantly, they are velar stops", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00189-00044768-00045312": "so we could use that knowledge to try to", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00190-00045112-00045544": "come up with a rule", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00191-00045312-00045680": "the first thing we need to do is to", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00192-00045544-00045847": "figure out which we're going to", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00193-00045680-00046136": "which of these two we're going to choose", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00194-00045847-00046447": "as the base for the phoneme", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00195-00046136-00046559": "and the truth is [n] just has more varied", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00196-00046447-00046919": "environments. it's", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00197-00046559-00047231": "probably the everywhere else case", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00198-00046919-00047431": "because [ŋ] is...has", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00199-00047231-00047631": "fewer environments, maybe it will be", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00200-00047431-00048047": "easier to make a rule that goes from", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00201-00047631-00048287": "[n] to [ŋ] than the other way around", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00202-00048047-00048528": "so we're going to choose the alveolar", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00203-00048287-00048647": "one as the base phoneme", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00204-00048528-00048872": "and then we're going to propose a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00205-00048647-00049184": "transformation from alveolar", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00206-00048872-00049319": "to velar and when is this going to", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00207-00049184-00049447": "happen? what is the environment that's", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00208-00049319-00049696": "going to trigger it?", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00209-00049447-00049784": "whenever you see an /n/ and then right", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00210-00049696-00050159": "after it", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00211-00049784-00050559": "you see a velar consonant as in", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00212-00050159-00050896": "/tingo/ or /tɛngo/", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00213-00050559-00051159": "this environment would trigger a rule", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00214-00050896-00051232": "that would look something like this and", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00215-00051159-00051671": "/n/", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00216-00051232-00051976": "becomes a velar [ŋ], a velar nasal", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00217-00051671-00052400": "whenever you see the /n/ and", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00218-00051976-00052704": "a velar consonant like a [g] or a [k]", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00219-00052400-00053016": "so what is happening here", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00220-00052704-00053351": "the [g] and the [k] are velar and", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00221-00053016-00053576": "the /n/ is alveolar, so your tongue is", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00222-00053351-00053712": "in this position, but the velars are", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00223-00053576-00053983": "way over here", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00224-00053712-00054095": "so the velars are pushing your tongue", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00225-00053983-00054304": "back", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00226-00054095-00054488": "to the velar position. they are", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00227-00054304-00054904": "assimilating the nasal", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00228-00054488-00055079": "into the velar position", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00229-00054904-00055232": "why are they doing this? essentially to", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00230-00055079-00055367": "save yourself a little bit of effort", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00231-00055232-00055551": "when you're moving your tongue so that", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00232-00055367-00055632": "the tongue is in the same position for", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00233-00055551-00055967": "the nasal", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00234-00055632-00056104": "and for the stop. we've seen other", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00235-00055967-00056391": "assimilation rules", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00236-00056104-00056439": "uh during the week. for example in Korean", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00237-00056391-00056672": "the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00238-00056439-00056751": "/s/ transforms into [ʃ] whenever it is", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00239-00056672-00057088": "followed by an", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00240-00056751-00057239": "[i] and the...we call this palatalization", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00241-00057088-00057344": "because the /s/ is in the alveolar", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00242-00057239-00057624": "position", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00243-00057344-00057672": "the [i], it has the tongue fairly high up", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00244-00057624-00057912": "and it", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00245-00057672-00058008": "moves your tongue backwards into a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00246-00057912-00058327": "position that is", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00247-00058008-00058527": "more like the one for the [i], so it moves", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00248-00058327-00058727": "your tongue from your alveolar region", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00249-00058527-00058879": "into your post-alveolar region as it", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00250-00058727-00059144": "tries to draw it closer", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00251-00058879-00059260": "to where your tongue is for the [i]. we", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00252-00059144-00059536": "call this process", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00253-00059260-00059583": "palatalization, and as you can see it's a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00254-00059536-00059783": "form of", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00255-00059583-00060008": "assimilation because the [i] is pulling your", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00256-00059783-00060312": "tongue up", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00257-00060008-00060520": "likewise with the ich-laut we have a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00258-00060312-00060664": "palatal sound which is more towards the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00259-00060520-00060864": "front and a", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00260-00060664-00061088": "velar sound which is more towards the", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00261-00060864-00061351": "back, so the back vowel is", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00262-00061088-00061432": "pulling the fricative towards the back", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00263-00061351-00061624": "of your mouth", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00264-00061432-00061983": "towards the velar region. it's", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00265-00061624-00061983": "essentially assimilating it", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00266-00062000-00062504": "so we have several, uh, common types of", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00267-00062279-00062544": "rules but assimilation is a very common", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00268-00062504-00062824": "one", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00269-00062544-00062920": "where one sound resembles the others", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00270-00062824-00063216": "more", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00271-00062920-00063448": "uh, for example an /n/ becomes velar when", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00272-00063216-00063664": "it is next to velar sounds", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00273-00063448-00063776": "and as we saw at the beginning in 'did you'", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00274-00063664-00064064": "and 'could you'", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00275-00063776-00064127": "you could have a /t/, an alverolar /t/ that", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00276-00064064-00064367": "then becomes", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00277-00064127-00064432": "post-alveolar because it is being pulled", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00278-00064367-00064672": "back", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00279-00064432-00064872": "by a palatal sound. so this is an", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00280-00064672-00065176": "assimilation that gives you forms like", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00281-00064872-00065432": "'could you' and 'would you'", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00282-00065176-00065824": "in the next video we'll study more types", "jb5eFIl_pbI-00283-00065432-00065824": "of phonological rules"}}, {"audio_id": "jbowbpQSQs8", "text": {"jbowbpQSQs8-00000-00002000-00002400": "i was came here two month ago..", "jbowbpQSQs8-00001-00002400-00002600": "and there was something like psychic phenomenon..", "jbowbpQSQs8-00002-00002900-00003200": "electricity are up, and....", "jbowbpQSQs8-00003-00003500-00003700": "do you guys know where it is?", "jbowbpQSQs8-00004-00006600-00007000": "there wasn't something like evil spirit before, when i came here last time", "jbowbpQSQs8-00005-00007000-00007300": "so i thought today's main point will gonna be that haunted house", "jbowbpQSQs8-00006-00007400-00007700": "after that, i'll come back here.", "jbowbpQSQs8-00007-00009100-00009400": "anyone here?", "jbowbpQSQs8-00008-00010600-00010800": "hello?", "jbowbpQSQs8-00009-00012600-00012900": "let be be inside,", "jbowbpQSQs8-00010-00014000-00014200": "excuse me?", "jbowbpQSQs8-00011-00014600-00014900": "it because of wind maybe.", "jbowbpQSQs8-00012-00016800-00017000": "i said stop doing that,", "jbowbpQSQs8-00013-00024000-00024400": "when micol point a incense burner, the wind blew to micol?!", "jbowbpQSQs8-00014-00030500-00030900": "the reaction is quite normal?", "jbowbpQSQs8-00015-00033900-00034300": "micol decided to move to next haunted house because of find dust..", "jbowbpQSQs8-00016-00040500-00041000": "where this sound from?", "jbowbpQSQs8-00017-00045800-00046000": "the door closed itself?!", "jbowbpQSQs8-00018-00048400-00048630": "quite calm compared to other haunted house, definitely.", "jbowbpQSQs8-00019-00051200-00051700": "the wind blew like answering to micol when micol said something", "jbowbpQSQs8-00020-00053600-00054000": "today i wanna bet all the things to that house!", "jbowbpQSQs8-00021-00054400-00055000": "you saw something? oh, no. you not. it's your illusion.", "jbowbpQSQs8-00022-00060600-00061000": "stay away from me...", "jbowbpQSQs8-00023-00068000-00068400": "quite harsh more than i thought?", "jbowbpQSQs8-00024-00072500-00072800": "please focus on the screen, you'll know the why in the cookie video", "jbowbpQSQs8-00025-00077700-00078000": "isn't it weird?", "jbowbpQSQs8-00026-00078000-00078500": "micol also felt something weird", "jbowbpQSQs8-00027-00078900-00079400": "i think i made a mistake.. that i scattered red beans.", "jbowbpQSQs8-00028-00079600-00080000": "that's why it's so quite...", "jbowbpQSQs8-00029-00080100-00080500": "the things like engery in this haunted house has changed?!", "jbowbpQSQs8-00030-00080800-00081300": "after this, micol gave a cigarette and tried to talk with it, it already gone.", "jbowbpQSQs8-00031-00081300-00081500": "besides, almost end of video... 12:12 here.", "jbowbpQSQs8-00032-00082900-00083400": "the spirit just stare at micol", "jbowbpQSQs8-00033-00083600-00084000": "and the start of video..", "jbowbpQSQs8-00034-00085200-00085600": "the picture was disppeared all of sudden,", "jbowbpQSQs8-00035-00085700-00086300": "no threaten to micol, no teasing... it just showing what it doing", "jbowbpQSQs8-00036-00086300-00087000": "perhaps the spirit want to show its presence to micol?"}}, {"audio_id": "jbpL1My8rok", "text": {"jbpL1My8rok-00000-00000000-00000756": "yeah that's right after pretty much a year Manny MUAa finally opened up about", "jbpL1My8rok-00001-00000756-00001236": "his experience being cancelled and as someone who's been canceled myself I", "jbpL1My8rok-00002-00001236-00002379": "thought this would be the perfect time to break that video down and discuss it", "jbpL1My8rok-00003-00002417-00002918": "what is up everybody this is Chris from the rewired soul where we talk about the", "jbpL1My8rok-00004-00002918-00003296": "problem but focus on the solution and if you're new to my channel what I try to", "jbpL1My8rok-00005-00003296-00003654": "do is take different topics going on in the YouTube community and try to see", "jbpL1My8rok-00006-00003654-00003989": "what lessons we can pull from them to improve our own mental and emotional", "jbpL1My8rok-00007-00003989-00004407": "well-being so if you're into that stuff make sure you subscribe and ring that", "jbpL1My8rok-00008-00004407-00004902": "notification bell so two quick things I am releasing this video today September", "jbpL1My8rok-00009-00004902-00005357": "first so if you catch it in time my brand new book cancelled inside YouTube", "jbpL1My8rok-00010-00005357-00005877": "canceled culture you can get the e-book for free until the end of day two day", "jbpL1My8rok-00011-00005877-00006411": "I've been doing it all month long and we have over 1200 downloads already crazy", "jbpL1My8rok-00012-00006411-00006801": "so get yourself a copy there's also an audiobook if you want to buy that it's", "jbpL1My8rok-00013-00006801-00007281": "only ten bucks but anyways after today the e-book the pdf version is only three", "jbpL1My8rok-00014-00007281-00007722": "bucks the other one is five dollars but anyways like if you want to learn more", "jbpL1My8rok-00015-00007722-00008120": "about cancel culture and why it's so toxic and what it's like to go through", "jbpL1My8rok-00016-00008120-00008493": "it it's one of the many reasons I wrote this book so make sure you check out the", "jbpL1My8rok-00017-00008493-00008699": "description check out the pin comment down below", "jbpL1My8rok-00018-00008699-00009399": "second thing is I wrote down so many notes from manisManny MUAs video and I had the", "jbpL1My8rok-00019-00009399-00009854": "biggest smile on my face the whole time so make sure to subscribe because", "jbpL1My8rok-00020-00009854-00010278": "there's gonna be a two-parter okay in this video I'm going to be talking about", "jbpL1My8rok-00021-00010278-00010736": "what mani was discussing when it comes to cancel culture and kind of break that", "jbpL1My8rok-00022-00010736-00011577": "down but the next video I make I want to help teach all of you what we can learn", "jbpL1My8rok-00023-00011577-00011904": "from what he's been through all right so this video we're going to be talking", "jbpL1My8rok-00024-00011904-00012429": "about cancel culture but you guys like man I'll give you a little spoiler ahead", "jbpL1My8rok-00025-00012429-00012962": "of time like if mani or anybody else can get through this like you can get", "jbpL1My8rok-00026-00012962-00013175": "through some stuff you're going through and that's what", "jbpL1My8rok-00027-00013175-00013597": "we're gonna be talking about in part two of the next video so anyways yeah it's", "jbpL1My8rok-00028-00013597-00014261": "been about a year since drama get in one and oh my god like oh like cancel", "jbpL1My8rok-00029-00014261-00014734": "culture I did a video the other day the witch hunt of Pro Jared and there's this", "jbpL1My8rok-00030-00014734-00015159": "formula to witch hunts and one of them that really stands out to me one of the", "jbpL1My8rok-00031-00015159-00015740": "factors in these witch hunts is how is started typically by something trivial", "jbpL1My8rok-00032-00015740-00016156": "or there's lies that circulate and it could be both like like what happened to", "jbpL1My8rok-00033-00016156-00016651": "Manny it was like oh my god he got exposed as being a bad friend or doing", "jbpL1My8rok-00034-00016651-00017035": "or treating some friends poorly right and all of this happened which is", "jbpL1My8rok-00035-00017035-00017543": "absolutely insane and yeah it affected him in a bunch of different ways", "jbpL1My8rok-00036-00017543-00018073": "psychologically and I'm so glad that he opened up about this I remember a week", "jbpL1My8rok-00037-00018073-00018422": "two weeks ago keemstar actually tweeted out that he", "jbpL1My8rok-00038-00018422-00018812": "wanted to interview James Charles about what James Charles went through this", "jbpL1My8rok-00039-00018812-00019156": "year you know when everything happened with talk to Westbrook and Jeffrey star", "jbpL1My8rok-00040-00019156-00019472": "and everything and Jim's house was like you know what I just want to move", "jbpL1My8rok-00041-00019472-00019870": "forward I just want to move forward and get past this right and I'm like dang", "jbpL1My8rok-00042-00019870-00020393": "dude like when people get cancelled like we don't want to talk about it we just", "jbpL1My8rok-00043-00020393-00020804": "want to have everybody forget about it and just move forward but like here's", "jbpL1My8rok-00044-00020804-00021119": "the thing like so those of you who don't know me I've been clean and sober for", "jbpL1My8rok-00045-00021119-00021434": "seven years I'm like I didn't want to talk about it I didn't want to share my", "jbpL1My8rok-00046-00021434-00021913": "story but the thing is how am I supposed to help anybody who's about to go", "jbpL1My8rok-00047-00021913-00022481": "through this if I don't share my story right so I'm so glad that manny has such", "jbpL1My8rok-00048-00022481-00022931": "a big platform and he finally got to a place where he was willing to open up", "jbpL1My8rok-00049-00022931-00023323": "about this and even though kind of bummed me out when Jan Schall said he", "jbpL1My8rok-00050-00023323-00023528": "wasn't you're gonna want to do that interview where teams don't like", "jbpL1My8rok-00051-00023528-00024094": "hopefully this is inspired James so like maybe even a year from now James is", "jbpL1My8rok-00052-00024094-00024790": "willing to open up about his experience right because cancel culture is terrible", "jbpL1My8rok-00053-00024790-00025216": "and let me discuss this a little bit later in the video but like listen it's", "jbpL1My8rok-00054-00025216-00025720": "okay to disagree with people it's okay to not like people that's", "jbpL1My8rok-00055-00025720-00026398": "but like joining in on the hate mob like that is not that is just it's so toxic", "jbpL1My8rok-00056-00026398-00026893": "it's so toxic and so terrible so one of the things that Manny talks about is", "jbpL1My8rok-00057-00026893-00027538": "this I'll show you a little clip and it was truly the most terrible thing I've", "jbpL1My8rok-00058-00027538-00028132": "probably ever been through in my life emotionally and mentally it is probably", "jbpL1My8rok-00059-00028132-00028576": "the worst thing I've ever gone through in my entire life and you guys cancel", "jbpL1My8rok-00060-00028576-00029005": "culture basically says oh you've dub you're canceled", "jbpL1My8rok-00061-00029005-00029287": "you'll never be brought back from life because you're literally dead in the", "jbpL1My8rok-00062-00029287-00029701": "water hmm so there's a many things wrong with", "jbpL1My8rok-00063-00029701-00030085": "that because you know what about for your forgiveness cancel culture does not", "jbpL1My8rok-00064-00030085-00030742": "allow for growth and forgiveness and learning and allowing people to be", "jbpL1My8rok-00065-00030742-00031348": "people yes yes like oh my god like all right it's so nice as somebody who's", "jbpL1My8rok-00066-00031348-00031902": "been cancelled like it's so nice to hear somebody else discuss this like one of", "jbpL1My8rok-00067-00031902-00032236": "the reasons we share our stories with one another whether it's you know your", "jbpL1My8rok-00068-00032236-00032589": "your history of trauma or addiction or mental health or whatever is so we don't", "jbpL1My8rok-00069-00032589-00033085": "feel alone right and what man is talking about is cancel culture doesn't give", "jbpL1My8rok-00070-00033085-00033733": "people the opportunity to grow and and we're also not promoting forgiveness", "jbpL1My8rok-00071-00033733-00034171": "like do you know how crazy that is like something I'm trying to teach people", "jbpL1My8rok-00072-00034171-00034708": "right even my own son is like would you want to be forgiven would you expect", "jbpL1My8rok-00073-00034708-00035107": "people to forgive you for this right like these things are black and white", "jbpL1My8rok-00074-00035107-00035578": "like we're treating we're treating people who get cancelled for for these", "jbpL1My8rok-00075-00035578-00036121": "silly trivial things like like they're a murderer or something like what but what", "jbpL1My8rok-00076-00036121-00036555": "he was a bad friend like chill the hell out all right and it's absolutely", "jbpL1My8rok-00077-00036555-00037048": "bananas and here's the thing like I I discussed this in the book a little bit", "jbpL1My8rok-00078-00037048-00037663": "I think in the conclusion chapter like as somebody who is an advocate for you", "jbpL1My8rok-00079-00037663-00038092": "know mental health and addiction like our prison system sucks right", "jbpL1My8rok-00080-00038092-00038497": "like we punish people and it's not even just people who go who get locked up for", "jbpL1My8rok-00081-00038497-00038858": "you know substance abuse and things like that but look at all prisons", "jbpL1My8rok-00082-00038858-00039365": "system right like when people get out of prison it is so hard for them to get on", "jbpL1My8rok-00083-00039365-00039700": "their feet get a job and repair their life you know what that's teaching them", "jbpL1My8rok-00084-00039700-00040184": "but why even bother why even try to improve yourself because society is not", "jbpL1My8rok-00085-00040184-00040684": "gonna forgive you and when I see canceled culture like just crash down on", "jbpL1My8rok-00086-00040684-00041272": "somebody I'm just like do you not want this person to grow to become a better", "jbpL1My8rok-00087-00041272-00041828": "person you know what I mean and I'm so proud of Manny for going out and seeking", "jbpL1My8rok-00088-00041828-00042143": "therapy and doing stuff you know getting involved with it you know doing more", "jbpL1My8rok-00089-00042143-00042575": "with his family and you know getting back into the gym and all that kind of", "jbpL1My8rok-00090-00042575-00043234": "stuff but you guys like we have to have a society where we're willing to forgive", "jbpL1My8rok-00091-00043234-00043759": "people all right like one of the worst things that we could do one of the worst", "jbpL1My8rok-00092-00043759-00044144": "cognitive distortions that we can have is black-and-white thinking thinking", "jbpL1My8rok-00093-00044144-00044855": "people are either all good or all bad no 99.9% of all of us human beings we", "jbpL1My8rok-00094-00044855-00045322": "sit in the gray area we're good people who do some bad or stupid things", "jbpL1My8rok-00095-00045322-00045775": "sometimes you know what I mean and it hurts and it sucks and it's", "jbpL1My8rok-00096-00045775-00046621": "bullying imagine someone who has not same spot of me UK I'm 28 years old", "jbpL1My8rok-00097-00046621-00047177": "imagine canceling someone who's 15 for something that they did imagine sending", "jbpL1My8rok-00098-00047177-00047771": "them so much hate that they decide to hurt themselves for it in a very very", "jbpL1My8rok-00099-00047771-00048616": "negative way you guys the suicide rates for LGBT youth are astronomical and it's", "jbpL1My8rok-00100-00048616-00049196": "so sad imagine I can't even imagine someone getting even a percentage of the", "jbpL1My8rok-00101-00049196-00049456": "hate that I got and where they would have to be mentally to be able to go", "jbpL1My8rok-00102-00049456-00049852": "through that so right there he says one of the reasons he's sharing about this", "jbpL1My8rok-00103-00049852-00050162": "is he imagines somebody else going through this and let me tell you this", "jbpL1My8rok-00104-00050162-00050737": "this is probably the biggest reason that I wrote this book like so many of you", "jbpL1My8rok-00105-00050737-00051115": "guys watching this like you know I know the majority of people aren't going to", "jbpL1My8rok-00106-00051115-00051616": "go through what Manny MUA went through or even I went through", "jbpL1My8rok-00107-00051616-00051808": "it out you know lesser level because I'm not as", "jbpL1My8rok-00108-00051808-00052282": "of a youtuber but you guys like this is stuff that's happening at schools right", "jbpL1My8rok-00109-00052282-00052738": "like when I was a kid like we didn't have social media like if people were", "jbpL1My8rok-00110-00052738-00053068": "lucky they had those crappy Nokia cell phones with like snake on them and stuff", "jbpL1My8rok-00111-00053068-00053545": "but now you can get canceled at your school you can get canceled at your", "jbpL1My8rok-00112-00053545-00053887": "college and stuff right like cancel culture is this something that just", "jbpL1My8rok-00113-00053887-00054262": "happens to youtubers and celebrities it's happening to people like I talked", "jbpL1My8rok-00114-00054262-00054649": "about this in one of my last videos but I just finished a book call so so you've", "jbpL1My8rok-00115-00054649-00055276": "been publicly shamed by Jon Ronson and most of that book is it's just normal", "jbpL1My8rok-00116-00055276-00055774": "everyday people where canceled culture came after them and publicly shamed them", "jbpL1My8rok-00117-00055774-00056194": "you know what I mean so one of the reasons why I finally decided to build", "jbpL1My8rok-00118-00056194-00056593": "up the courage and just like write this book and share my experience is to help", "jbpL1My8rok-00119-00056593-00057070": "others and oh my god and like I hope oh this might have to be a three parter", "jbpL1My8rok-00120-00057070-00057652": "because if I see people harping on Manny for this video we're gonna talk about it", "jbpL1My8rok-00121-00057652-00058006": "but anyways like when I released my book you know how many people you know how", "jbpL1My8rok-00122-00058006-00058339": "many people are like oh my God look chris is trying to play the victim chris", "jbpL1My8rok-00123-00058339-00058799": "is trying to do that and like I knew it I knew the second I sat down to write", "jbpL1My8rok-00124-00058799-00059569": "that book I knew that was coming right but the thing is I have found meaning a", "jbpL1My8rok-00125-00059569-00060149": "purpose in life to take my experience and help others that's just what I do", "jbpL1My8rok-00126-00060149-00060667": "right so I will take all the backlash all of that from sharing my experience", "jbpL1My8rok-00127-00060667-00061027": "and people say oh he's trying to play the victim or he oh he's not telling the", "jbpL1My8rok-00128-00061027-00061454": "truth or blah blah blah blah whatever it is if I can help somebody else and like", "jbpL1My8rok-00129-00061454-00061912": "I said over 1200 people have downloaded the book the free version so far like", "jbpL1My8rok-00130-00061912-00062494": "cool I hope I've been able to help somebody and I know for a fact Manny is", "jbpL1My8rok-00131-00062494-00062926": "helping people by sharing his story - yeah like you said like we have to talk", "jbpL1My8rok-00132-00062926-00063485": "about this whenever I hear about people get cancelled getting cancelled and I", "jbpL1My8rok-00133-00063485-00064042": "just heard about this with a game game developer but look at what happened to", "jbpL1My8rok-00134-00064042-00064598": "Erica - earlier this summer you know what I mean like there were a million", "jbpL1My8rok-00135-00064598-00064958": "different contributing factors though one of them was just the internet hate", "jbpL1My8rok-00136-00064958-00065392": "mob just constantly on him egging him on and everything like that and it's like", "jbpL1My8rok-00137-00065392-00066098": "we need to talk about this stuff we have to have conversations about this you", "jbpL1My8rok-00138-00066098-00066536": "know what I mean like nothing's going to get better nothing is going to get like", "jbpL1My8rok-00139-00066536-00067076": "nothing is going to change unless we have conversations about this and listen", "jbpL1My8rok-00140-00067076-00067463": "check it out I know I do commentary here and I know there are other channels that", "jbpL1My8rok-00141-00067463-00067940": "do commentary or they do drama or they do news right like you the audience like", "jbpL1My8rok-00142-00067940-00068392": "if I could just teach you one thing like just one thing all right it's just", "jbpL1My8rok-00143-00068392-00068888": "because you disagree with somebody's opinion doesn't mean that they shouldn't", "jbpL1My8rok-00144-00068888-00069425": "have the right to discuss their opinions all right like we're humans we're going", "jbpL1My8rok-00145-00069425-00069797": "to have different opinions I don't like seafood I thought like hell", "jbpL1My8rok-00146-00069797-00070268": "some of you know I'm vegetarian we have different tastes in foods that doesn't", "jbpL1My8rok-00147-00070268-00070532": "mean that I'm a bad person it doesn't mean that you're a bad person", "jbpL1My8rok-00148-00070532-00070868": "so like broaden that scope what's your favorite color", "jbpL1My8rok-00149-00070868-00071324": "alright mine sometimes blue or black or gray I like a bunch of different colors", "jbpL1My8rok-00150-00071324-00071759": "but if those are your favorite colors who cares we all have different views", "jbpL1My8rok-00151-00071759-00072143": "opinions and preferences and things like that it doesn't mean that you need to", "jbpL1My8rok-00152-00072143-00072620": "cancel somebody just because you disagree with the way that they live or", "jbpL1My8rok-00153-00072620-00073058": "the way that they see the world or the views or the opinions they have alright", "jbpL1My8rok-00154-00073058-00073562": "because I'll be honest with you 90% of opinions are not hurting anybody", "jbpL1My8rok-00155-00073562-00074156": "I know we like to think in this current political climate that words are harming", "jbpL1My8rok-00156-00074156-00074744": "people but it's just if you cannot handle a differing opinion than yours", "jbpL1My8rok-00157-00074744-00075155": "like that's a you problem all right like we need to take", "jbpL1My8rok-00158-00075155-00075503": "accountability like I used to have a very screwed-up mental filter where I", "jbpL1My8rok-00159-00075503-00075941": "got offended by everything and then I realize I'm like oh wait they're not the", "jbpL1My8rok-00160-00075941-00076352": "problem I'm the problem like I have to just ask myself like why", "jbpL1My8rok-00161-00076352-00076814": "does it matter if these other people have different views or opinions that I", "jbpL1My8rok-00162-00076814-00077366": "do we all have our own different life experiences that make us the way we are", "jbpL1My8rok-00163-00077366-00077703": "and I fully realize that want to say thank you to everyone who", "jbpL1My8rok-00164-00077703-00078073": "allows me to continue to do what I love and to continue to do what I'm doing and", "jbpL1My8rok-00165-00078073-00078751": "for you guys to be there for me to let me make mistakes to understand I'm going", "jbpL1My8rok-00166-00078751-00079213": "to make them and that I'm doing the best that I can to be a positive role model", "jbpL1My8rok-00167-00079213-00079606": "for you and for myself and for many family and for my friends and to", "jbpL1My8rok-00168-00079606-00079981": "continue to grow as a human being you know as you fall down you got to get", "jbpL1My8rok-00169-00079981-00080485": "back up that's just how it works so right there like Manny talks about how", "jbpL1My8rok-00170-00080485-00080833": "he's still going to mess up but he also talked about right before that about", "jbpL1My8rok-00171-00080833-00081226": "standing up for himself like check it out like both those things and I hope", "jbpL1My8rok-00172-00081226-00081634": "everybody learns from that too like when you get cancelled you get so afraid", "jbpL1My8rok-00173-00081634-00082015": "right like Manny talks about in his video like you know some people have", "jbpL1My8rok-00174-00082015-00082357": "commented that he's not the same he's not his caddy and things like that he's", "jbpL1My8rok-00175-00082357-00082897": "like he was just playing it up mate that might be yet that could be yet for me", "jbpL1My8rok-00176-00082897-00083455": "personally like some of it like some of it was played up but a lot of it was", "jbpL1My8rok-00177-00083455-00084283": "just who I am and four months after I got canceled I was so afraid to be me to", "jbpL1My8rok-00178-00084283-00084835": "be Who I am and vocalize my opinions because I was so worried about how", "jbpL1My8rok-00179-00084835-00085393": "people were going to take it or twist it and do whatever whatever they wanted to", "jbpL1My8rok-00180-00085393-00085702": "with it you know what I mean and like Manny says like standing up for", "jbpL1My8rok-00181-00085702-00086164": "yourself like if you believe in things like stand up for them all right like", "jbpL1My8rok-00182-00086164-00086527": "people are gonna disagree with you and that's cool all right there are going to", "jbpL1My8rok-00183-00086527-00087103": "be people who do agree with you and they will be on your side but like he said", "jbpL1My8rok-00184-00087103-00087595": "he's still gonna mess up like hi I'm Chris I'm not perfect either I'm going", "jbpL1My8rok-00185-00087595-00088135": "to screw up right and I don't think Manny ever said in his entire life that", "jbpL1My8rok-00186-00088135-00088582": "he's perfect and he is the person that you should hold up on a pedestal right", "jbpL1My8rok-00187-00088582-00088930": "it's something weird that we do with these parasocial relationships we're", "jbpL1My8rok-00188-00088930-00089494": "like oh that person's successful so they must be a perfect human being like no", "jbpL1My8rok-00189-00089494-00089983": "like Manny does makeup I make youtube videos and try to teach you about what", "jbpL1My8rok-00190-00089983-00090370": "I've learned about life and mental health and addiction and all these other", "jbpL1My8rok-00191-00090370-00090851": "things like we are you know next coming of Jesus we're all", "jbpL1My8rok-00192-00090851-00091523": "going to screw up but again it goes back to forgiveness like I feel what people", "jbpL1My8rok-00193-00091523-00092111": "have an issue doing is looking at the situation by swapping shoes and just", "jbpL1My8rok-00194-00092111-00092567": "saying what I want to be forgiven for this you know what I mean and speaking", "jbpL1My8rok-00195-00092567-00093026": "of messing up man he also talks about how recently he had a little drama in", "jbpL1My8rok-00196-00093026-00093737": "the last week where he didn't give credit to another makeup artist for a", "jbpL1My8rok-00197-00093737-00094070": "certain look and it was kind of like he saw the second person who did it so I", "jbpL1My8rok-00198-00094070-00094397": "didn't know who the original came from and he publicly just said you know he", "jbpL1My8rok-00199-00094397-00094745": "said sorry and he gave her credit and everything like that he goes on a thing", "jbpL1My8rok-00200-00094745-00095294": "about like helping out small creators and lifting them up and like listen like", "jbpL1My8rok-00201-00095294-00095918": "I just recently started following Manny probably within the last week or so so", "jbpL1My8rok-00202-00095918-00096242": "right I started following I saw this happening I'm like what is what is going", "jbpL1My8rok-00203-00096242-00096674": "on I'm like cheese like like you screwed up into oops oops", "jbpL1My8rok-00204-00096674-00097286": "oopsie mistake right you know and the most we can do as human beings the most", "jbpL1My8rok-00205-00097286-00097898": "we can do is when we're wrong we admit to it and we try to improve ourselves", "jbpL1My8rok-00206-00097898-00098429": "that's all we can do and listen listen baby that's all we can expect from", "jbpL1My8rok-00207-00098429-00099020": "anybody else too when somebody screws up all we can hope for is that they learn", "jbpL1My8rok-00208-00099020-00099521": "from it and try to improve and try to grow from it alright so the last thing I", "jbpL1My8rok-00209-00099521-00100058": "want to say before I let you go and do part two is like I I don't know if Manny", "jbpL1My8rok-00210-00100058-00100415": "will ever watch this video but I want to apologize to Manny because when I was", "jbpL1My8rok-00211-00100415-00100784": "covering you know lessons that we can learn from drama get and everything like", "jbpL1My8rok-00212-00100784-00101246": "that like I was harsh I was brutal and that's the thing so many of us from the", "jbpL1My8rok-00213-00101246-00101555": "outside looking in we're like here's what I would do here's what they should", "jbpL1My8rok-00214-00101555-00101789": "have done here's how they should apologize here's how they should make", "jbpL1My8rok-00215-00101789-00102170": "videos here's how they should act on social media all that stuff and that is", "jbpL1My8rok-00216-00102170-00102638": "so like I was so dense and ignorant right like when I went through it like", "jbpL1My8rok-00217-00102638-00103175": "nothing you do is right I think some of the more recent people who have gone", "jbpL1My8rok-00218-00103175-00103453": "through this they've learned from people like", "jbpL1My8rok-00219-00103453-00103911": "who went through it and screwed up massively like I talked about in my book", "jbpL1My8rok-00220-00103911-00104416": "like I did everything wrong and I empathize with so many people now so", "jbpL1My8rok-00221-00104416-00104932": "like yeah you know when we make videos like I was dumb enough to make videos", "jbpL1My8rok-00222-00104932-00105418": "like breaking down Manny's apology and you see people doing this anytime an", "jbpL1My8rok-00223-00105418-00105964": "apology comes out like jeez it's so crazy and I feel like such a chump you", "jbpL1My8rok-00224-00105964-00106260": "know when you look back at your younger self even though for me it was just like", "jbpL1My8rok-00225-00106260-00106603": "a year ago like you look back at your younger self you like what was I", "jbpL1My8rok-00226-00106603-00107182": "thinking god I was a brutal human big but anyways I'm gonna link Manny's video", "jbpL1My8rok-00227-00107182-00107643": "down below if you're new to my channel you have no idea what I'm talking about", "jbpL1My8rok-00228-00107643-00108193": "but anyways don't forget you have until the end of day today midnight Pacific", "jbpL1My8rok-00229-00108193-00108655": "time alright to grab yourself a free copy of my brand new book cancelled", "jbpL1My8rok-00230-00108655-00109090": "inside YouTube cancer culture the ebook and yeah that's the link down in the", "jbpL1My8rok-00231-00109090-00109383": "description down to the pink comment below alright anyways that's all I got", "jbpL1My8rok-00232-00109383-00109663": "for this video if you like this video please give it a thumbs up if you're new", "jbpL1My8rok-00233-00109663-00109993": "make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell because I'm making a", "jbpL1My8rok-00234-00109993-00110506": "part 2 baby and maybe a part 3 if people start talking smack oh but a huge thank", "jbpL1My8rok-00235-00110506-00110782": "you to everybody somewhere in the channel over on patreon you are all", "jbpL1My8rok-00236-00110782-00111036": "amazing and a huge thank you to everybody who supports the channel in", "jbpL1My8rok-00237-00111036-00111463": "other ways but my books all that kind of stuff alright thanks again for watching", "jbpL1My8rok-00238-00111463-00111801": "I'll see you next time"}}, {"audio_id": "jbOZjy-qfb8", "text": {"jbOZjy-qfb8-00000-00000151-00000857": "I'm engineer Munashe Chiwanza, a member of the Schiller Institute from Zimbabwe, in Africa.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00001-00000857-00001587": "I would like to stand with the world in celebrating Mr. Lyndon H. LaRouche s 100th Birthday and", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00002-00001587-00001822": "his outstanding legacy.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00003-00001822-00002494": "As member of his organization, I have become very interested and driven by his concepts", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00004-00002494-00003082": "of potential relative population density and energy-flux density of the world s physical", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00005-00003082-00003250": "economy.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00006-00003250-00003904": "Therefore, this interest led me to consider how these ideas can be a means to understanding", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00007-00003904-00004155": "how some cultures flourish, over others.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00008-00004155-00004937": "Particularly, I m examining the Great Zimbabwe Ruins, House of Stones located in the southern", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00009-00004937-00005614": "part of Zimbabwe, and what fueled their growth, and later led to the underlying cause of their", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00010-00005614-00005744": "collapse.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00011-00005744-00006523": "In addition, Mr. Lyndon H. LaRouche is a great scientist and economist, a real fighter against", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00012-00006523-00007078": "predatory economic policies and practices internationally.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00013-00007078-00007694": "His forecast of a global financial collapse, many years before it happened is being witnessed", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00014-00007694-00008359": "now as the world is facing various challenges such as threats to energy and food supply,", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00015-00008359-00008853": "leading to global hyper-inflation and a Superpower World War three.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00016-00008853-00009513": "All this shows the need to adopt his policies, to increase the energy-flux density on our", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00017-00009513-00009778": "planet and beyond.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00018-00009778-00010364": "To Mrs. Helga Zepp-LaRouche, the founding members and the entire membership, who are", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00019-00010364-00011265": "still carrying the genuine views of Mr. LaRouche, I say Happy 100th Birthday Lyndon H. LaRouche,", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00020-00011265-00011437": "MHSRP.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00021-00011437-00011869": "Happy Centenary Anniversary.", "jbOZjy-qfb8-00022-00011869-00011964": "Thank you."}}, {"audio_id": "jbXE3PnAWyk", "text": {"jbXE3PnAWyk-00000-00000032-00000616": "now if you're thinking of decorating your picture window for the christmas holidays here's a neat", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00001-00000616-00001776": "idea for you all you need a tension rod some decorative balls and invisible thread now here", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00002-00001776-00002688": "i started by mounting the tension rod just about halfway or a little more than halfway", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00003-00002688-00003608": "on the window frame and i did this so that it's easy for me to actually use different lengths of", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00004-00003711-00004680": "invisible thread to hang the christmas balls or the decorative balls from the tension rod", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00005-00004792-00005352": "now when you're finished hanging your decorative balls with your invisible", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00006-00005352-00006128": "thread onto the tension rod then you can mount or put the tension rod higher on the window", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00007-00006416-00006736": "now here i've finished tying all my", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00008-00006792-00007695": "christmas balls using the invisible thread onto the tension rod and i have now pushed", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00009-00007695-00008672": "the tension rod all the way up to the top of the window just behind the top of the window frame", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00010-00008760-00009488": "and i've done that because i want to hide it the tension rod because the star of the show the", "jbXE3PnAWyk-00011-00009488-00010456": "christmas balls that actually look like they're just suspended in front of the picture window"}}, {"audio_id": "jc5n0aNSiNU", "text": {"jc5n0aNSiNU-00000-00000180-00003988": "(Music)", "jc5n0aNSiNU-00001-00003988-00004448": "Get on top of it before they do. About every 30 minutes", "jc5n0aNSiNU-00002-00004448-00004772": "tipped furniture or a falling TV sends an injured child to the", "jc5n0aNSiNU-00003-00004772-00005276": "emergency room. Preventing tip-over incidents is easy, inexpensive and only", "jc5n0aNSiNU-00004-00005276-00005773": "takes about five minutes. Learn how to secure your furniture and TVs to protect", "jc5n0aNSiNU-00005-00005773-00006148": "children at anchor.gov."}}, {"audio_id": "jc6kL_9-p4Q", "text": {"jc6kL_9-p4Q-00000-00000003-00000258": "In this video we're going to take a look at Quizlet.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00001-00000331-00000569": "Quizlet is an online flashcard creator.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00002-00000585-00001136": "It allows you to create as many flashcards as you like and you can study them on your own desktop or", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00003-00001162-00001421": "you can study them on a tablet or a smartphone.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00004-00001486-00002076": "So, I'm going to go just to my main dashboard and right now what you're looking at are some of the", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00005-00002125-00002576": "flashcard decks that I have already studied. When you first open up your Quizlet account", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00006-00002576-00002855": "you're going to see -- this is going to be blank. So, the first thing", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00007-00002856-00003114": "I'm going to show you is how to actually create a study set.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00008-00003114-00003518": "I'm going to click create. The card set I'm going to create is colors in", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00009-00003661-00004331": "Spanish. So, you basically have one side of the card here, and then the other side of the card here. I'm going to enter", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00010-00004450-00005054": "Green. When I go over on this side first, they're going to ask me if it's English. Yes, and then over here", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00011-00005082-00005285": "I'm going to click Spanish and", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00012-00005346-00005708": "If I click this little search icon it's actually going to", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00013-00005709-00006368": "give me some suggestions. That doesn't do this for everything, but it's really helpful if you're using languages. So, I want to choose that.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00014-00006579-00006733": "Click over here.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00015-00006733-00007166": "Choose the one I want. So, I'll go through and I'm going to make 12", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00016-00007270-00007542": "Once I've completed my list I just click create. I", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00017-00007678-00008229": "can then share it with others through social media or I can add it to a class and that's one of the features if you", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00018-00008245-00008772": "set this up as a teacher. I can also just send people a link directly to that set.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00019-00008868-00009422": "Now that I have my set, I have a lot of options for what I can do with it.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00020-00009422-00009638": "I can just study them as simple flashcards.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00021-00009715-00009971": "<<Verde>> [Quizlet] click it to flip <<Green>> [Quizlet].", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00022-00010078-00010661": "<<Amarillo>> [Quizlet] if I'd like to hear the pronunciation again I just click this <<Amarillo>> [Quizlet]", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00023-00010758-00010896": "<<Yellow>> [Quizlet]", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00024-00010896-00011510": "So you click the card to flip it and you click these arrows here to advanced <<Rojo>> [Quizlet]  <<Red>> [Quizlet]", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00025-00011626-00011879": "Notice that they're giving me the Spanish version first", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00026-00011879-00012314": "and I think what I'd like to do is to see the English version and try to remember the Spanish version.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00027-00012343-00012581": "So, I would just go over here to options and", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00028-00012643-00013238": "right now it's set to start with Spanish; I can just change that to English. <<White>> [Quizlet]  Or I have the option to", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00029-00013328-00013806": "choose, you know, both, where they would just sort of switch it back and forth. Also right now", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00030-00013806-00014337": "it's set to have the audio on; I can turn that off if I'd like to. Up here where it says \"study starred,\"", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00031-00014337-00014534": "let's take a look at what that means.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00032-00014534-00015163": "So, let's suppose with this card I had trouble with it, and I want to remember to study it again later.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00033-00015163-00015347": "I can just star it and", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00034-00015347-00015930": "then later on if I'd like to only study the starred ones then I can change that in the options.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00035-00016058-00016605": "But there are also a whole bunch of other things I can do with these card sets. If I click learn", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00036-00016631-00016926": "then they give me a term and I have to type it out.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00037-00016926-00017448": "I have to type out my answer instead of just flipping it and guessing it. You can give yourself a spelling test...", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00038-00017486-00017686": "you just type what you hear.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00039-00017695-00018165": "<<Green>> [Quizlet]  I'm going to go ahead and type that to show you what it looks like, and I'm going to enter it.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00040-00018184-00018720": "It says it's correct. Now it's telling me to spell the English word, but it's giving me the Spanish word again.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00041-00018720-00018921": "I'd like to reverse that so I just", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00042-00019034-00019300": "switch it. It's going to reset my progress. That's okay.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00043-00019367-00019529": "<<Marrón>> [Quizlet]", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00044-00019529-00020110": "It's even giving me the special character here. Which is really pretty great, so let's do that and", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00045-00020429-00021028": "that was correct.<<Morado>> [Quizlet], so that's the spelling test. This is just going to be more of a standard test and", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00046-00021092-00021681": "it looks like they mix it up a little bit, it has you fill in the blank for some, it has you do some multiple-choice,", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00047-00021719-00022389": "some true/false. So, it really just sort of sets it up like a typical test. There are also a couple of more interactive activities.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00048-00022472-00022576": "Match,", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00049-00022576-00023130": "so, it gives me some of my cards and then notice this timer is running already. What I'm supposed to do is just", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00050-00023179-00023691": "match things up. So, I can take White for example, drag it onto Blanco. Gray.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00051-00024220-00024827": "Gravity is a different game. I gotta type my answer as I see the cue, so Gold,", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00052-00025090-00025712": "and that stopped it. So, let's see what happens if I don't know an answer. I'm going to let pink fall", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00053-00026116-00026610": "and it gives me the correct answer for that one. It looks like I can't get further unless I", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00054-00026764-00027131": "type the correct one. So, I'm going to type an incorrect answer now...", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00055-00027280-00027442": "it just keeps going.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00056-00027442-00027821": "The last feature here is called Quizlet Live and it is a way to", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00057-00027832-00028277": "invite students into a competitive game where they are working with a team to answer", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00058-00028339-00028916": "questions. That one I can't demonstrate because I don't actually have a team of people to demonstrate it with me.", "jc6kL_9-p4Q-00059-00028951-00029303": "So, those are just some of the main features available in Quizlet."}}, {"audio_id": "jckrf5eJJC0", "text": {"jckrf5eJJC0-00000-00000000-00018688": "© Warxul. My Third Version To A New Song"}}, {"audio_id": "jcvJsBgdUuo", "text": {"jcvJsBgdUuo-00000-00000000-00000400": ">>ANNOUNCER: Imagine an alternate reality where the wheel was never invented...", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00001-00000450-00001000": "This \"wheel-less\" bicycle animation was created using blender 3-D for Linux.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00002-00001100-00001400": "The leg mechanism [came from] Theo Jansson's wind powered creations.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00003-00001450-00001800": "See the \"about this video\" section for links.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00004-00001900-00002400": "This is just a rough sketch. I have better ideas including variable speed transmission,", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00005-00002450-00002800": "improved steering, tandem, and recumbent rider position.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00006-00002850-00003300": "My website is www.thenerdshow.com", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00007-00003400-00004000": ">>SINGING: Give a dollar to the American Red Cross. They'll give you shelter when all else is lost.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00008-00004050-00004600": "Give attention to the man on the street 'cause he might not mention he has nothing to eat.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00009-00004650-00005700": "[Chorus] We must find a way to make a better world, just you and I.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00010-00005750-00006900": "We can change the world. It doesn't take a lot, just you and I.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00011-00008200-00008800": "Don't be alarmed but it's a Third World War And even if you're armed there's a battle in store.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00012-00008850-00009500": "Progress will cease if we can't get it through our mind that if we're fighting for peace we must be truthful and kind.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00013-00013000-00013600": "Don't stay up waiting for the coming messiah. Just give up hating. Know the good from the liar.", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00014-00013650-00014300": "There is no miracle that can do the job for us. But something lyrical starts with knowing the chorus...", "jcvJsBgdUuo-00015-00014300-00015000": "[fades out]"}}, {"audio_id": "jcFNRe7ohbI", "text": {"jcFNRe7ohbI-00000-00000901-00001006": "Happy Friday Saints!", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00001-00001006-00001199": "Welcome back to The Halo Morning Show!", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00002-00001199-00001573": "We're coming to you live from the Halo news room with your news and your stories.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00003-00001573-00002055": "If you were in the Christmas show this year, your costume is due back today if it belongs", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00004-00002055-00002155": "to STA.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00005-00002155-00002628": "Please do not lose your waiver this semester because you failed to return a clean costume.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00006-00002628-00003003": "And here is Rebecca with information about the march for life.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00007-00003003-00003447": "Hey Saints the March for Life in Topeka is coming up on January 22.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00008-00003447-00003917": "Registration opens on Monday and you have until next Friday to sign up, but act quickly", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00009-00003917-00004187": "because there are only 120 spots.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00010-00004187-00004626": "Sign up online for $16 or bring $15 to room 206.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00011-00004626-00005057": "The trip counts as 4 corporal service hours and it will not count against your waiver.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00012-00005057-00005447": "So get ready for a fun day away from school while standing up for the unborn.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00013-00005447-00005617": "Back to you Greta.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00014-00005617-00006047": "Your girls basketball team will play against #2 in the City, Liberty, at home this Saturday", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00015-00006047-00006153": "at 7p.m.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00016-00006153-00006483": "WE NEED ALL OUR GREAT FANS TO COME AND SUPPORT OUR LADIES", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00017-00006483-00006869": "Please return library books - several classes are coming in next week for checkout.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00018-00006869-00007311": "There will be a freshman peer mentoring session Monday in the gym.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00019-00007311-00007665": "All freshman report to the gym at 9:55.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00020-00007665-00008114": "Congratulations to the Scholars Bowl Team for taking 3rd place at the Olathe Northwest", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00021-00008114-00008315": "Varsity Tournament last night.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00022-00008315-00008861": "Competing at the tournament were: Mia Sisul, Seth Filipsen,Gabby Warrender,", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00023-00008861-00009310": "Truan Leiker, and Jack Respiliers, who led the team with the most questions answered.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00024-00009310-00009416": "Great job, Scholars Bowl!", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00025-00009416-00009825": "Do you have questions about something you're writing - either for a class or college admissions", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00026-00009825-00009964": "or maybe even a contest?", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00027-00009964-00010079": "Well, help is here!", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00028-00010079-00010652": "Just sign up for time with Mrs. Sabata in the Writing Center - open during every STA", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00029-00010652-00010752": "period.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00030-00010752-00011174": "Check the poster in your English classroom or in the hallways for instructions --- it's", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00031-00011174-00011332": "so very easy!", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00032-00011332-00011603": "The saint of the day is Saint Gregory Of Nyssa.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00033-00011603-00012036": "He wrote with great effectiveness against Arianism and other questionable doctrines", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00034-00012036-00012672": "On today's menu in the saints cafe: BBQ Pork Sandwich, cheesy corn, baked beans and pizza.", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00035-00012672-00012899": "Now it's time for the fun fact of the day!", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00036-00012899-00013350": "Did you know that The speed of a computer mouse is measured in \"Mickeys.\"?", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00037-00013350-00013879": "Thanks for watching today's show!", "jcFNRe7ohbI-00038-00013879-00014109": "Remember - Stay classy, Saints and Make This Day Count!"}}, {"audio_id": "jcPJCqslwsk", "text": {"jcPJCqslwsk-00000-00000023-00000186": "(casual music)", "jcPJCqslwsk-00001-00000186-00000585": "(distant chicken noise)", "jcPJCqslwsk-00002-00000589-00000833": "[Jane] Here, chckie, chickie, chickie", "jcPJCqslwsk-00003-00000905-00001062": "- What's Jane doing?", "jcPJCqslwsk-00004-00001062-00001234": "I told her because of the Roseland annexation,", "jcPJCqslwsk-00005-00001234-00001399": "she had to give rid of her animals.", "jcPJCqslwsk-00006-00001399-00001483": "- That's not true.", "jcPJCqslwsk-00007-00001483-00001739": "[Jane] Here, chckie, chickie, chickie", "jcPJCqslwsk-00008-00001751-00001937": "- You sure?", "jcPJCqslwsk-00009-00001937-00002107": "- Yeah.", "jcPJCqslwsk-00010-00002107-00002220": "- Hmm.", "jcPJCqslwsk-00011-00002220-00002361": "- So, you gonna tell her?", "jcPJCqslwsk-00012-00002361-00002482": "- Nope.", "jcPJCqslwsk-00013-00002482-00002760": "- [Kim] Here, chickie, chickie, chickie, chickie.", "jcPJCqslwsk-00014-00002760-00002888": "- Good call.", "jcPJCqslwsk-00015-00003265-00003633": "(chicken balking)"}}, {"audio_id": "jdhTPzHZe8M", "text": {"jdhTPzHZe8M-00000-00000740-00000840": "In 2008,", "jdhTPzHZe8M-00001-00000840-00001024": "Mexico's Fundación Inclúyeme", "jdhTPzHZe8M-00002-00001024-00001352": "began a program enabling adults with intellectual disabilities to live", "jdhTPzHZe8M-00003-00001352-00001707": "independently with inclusive housing, employment support and recreation.", "jdhTPzHZe8M-00004-00001760-00002128": "By 2022, up to 3000 people had benefited from the program."}}, {"audio_id": "jdGK52Bkeic", "text": {"jdGK52Bkeic-00000-00001100-00001800": "Anushka Sharma was afraid to play Mamata in 'Sui Dhaaga'", "jdGK52Bkeic-00001-00001900-00003600": "Anushka Sharma was afraid to play Mamata in 'Sui Dhaaga' Actress Anushka Sharma, who is gearing up for the release of her forthcoming film \"Sui Dhaaga\", says she was afraid to play the role of Mamata in the movie.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00002-00003700-00004900": "Actress Anushka Sharma, who is gearing up for the release of her forthcoming film \"Sui Dhaaga\", says she was afraid to play the role of Mamata in the movie.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00003-00005000-00006400": "Anushka was present at the trailer launch of her upcoming film along with co-star Varun Dhawan, director-writer Sharat Katariya and producer Maneesh Sharma on Monday.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00004-00006500-00008000": "The actress said she loved the script, but she declined to play the character. \"When Sharat came to me with the script, I was excited to read it. I had seen his previous film and had loved it.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00005-00008100-00009400": "When I read 'Sui Dhaaga', I loved the script and what they were trying to do with the story. I loved that Yash Raj was making the film but still, I said no at first.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00006-00009500-00010800": "\"I could not understand how I would play this character. I always wanted to challenge myself as an actor but this was differing with my personality on another level.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00007-00010900-00012400": "So I was afraid and I told him I don't think I can do this character.\" Anushka also says that only reason she agreed to do the film is that the film's director and producer had faith in her.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00008-00012500-00013200": "\"Maneesh and Sharat were extremely convinced that I am the right person to play this character.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00009-00013300-00014800": "Sharat even visited my house and he told me how he sees the character and why he thinks I am actually the right fit. \"To be honest I went with his faith in me more than my own faith in myself.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00010-00014900-00015800": "And I am so happy that I actually did the film and I am so proud that I have played this character,\" she said.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00011-00015900-00017700": "When asked about her experience learning the craft, she said, \"I had a lot of fun while doing embroidery. My Dadi (grandmother) used to work with crochet embroidery and even my mother knew how to do it.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00012-00017800-00020000": "She even used to stitch clothes so somewhere I had those memories so when I started doing embroidery, I picked it up very quickly. \"Thanks to 'Sui Dhaaga', we got to learn about these crafts, what skills are required to be a tailor and how difficult it is.", "jdGK52Bkeic-00013-00020100-00022300": "Due to working on films like these, your appreciation and value for it increase on another level.\" The story of the film is about finding love and respect through self-reliance. It also stars Varun Dhawan. The film will release on September 28."}}, {"audio_id": "jdKGpJNqkRU", "text": {"jdKGpJNqkRU-00000-00000000-00007406": "[Happy Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "jdau72qkaNA", "text": {"jdau72qkaNA-00000-00000475-00000943": "The University of Nebraska-Lincoln faculty has an incredible opportunity to shape the", "jdau72qkaNA-00001-00000943-00001378": "future of research, teaching and outreach at Nebraska.", "jdau72qkaNA-00002-00001378-00001982": "This academic year, I encourage you to become involved in the Grand Challenges initiative.", "jdau72qkaNA-00003-00001982-00002528": "Our goal is to develop the biggest, boldest ideas that will transform lives and learning", "jdau72qkaNA-00004-00002528-00003025": "around the globe in seven critical areas:", "jdau72qkaNA-00005-00003025-00003294": "Anti-racism and racial equity.", "jdau72qkaNA-00006-00003294-00003454": "Climate resilience.", "jdau72qkaNA-00007-00003454-00003821": "Early childhood education and development.", "jdau72qkaNA-00008-00003821-00003967": "Health equity.", "jdau72qkaNA-00009-00003967-00004216": "Quantum science and engineering.", "jdau72qkaNA-00010-00004216-00004541": "Science and technology literacy for society.", "jdau72qkaNA-00011-00004541-00004889": "Sustainable food and water security.", "jdau72qkaNA-00012-00004889-00005430": "These are enormous challenges, but at Nebraska, we do big things.", "jdau72qkaNA-00013-00005430-00005950": "Imagine the difference Nebraska can make when it leverages the expertise of its faculty", "jdau72qkaNA-00014-00005950-00006277": "from every area of campus.", "jdau72qkaNA-00015-00006277-00006725": "Lean into the challenge, and engage in the process of developing research teams that", "jdau72qkaNA-00016-00006725-00006895": "transcend disciplines.", "jdau72qkaNA-00017-00006895-00007497": "We’re prepared to make strategic investments in projects that shift the paradigm of what’s", "jdau72qkaNA-00018-00007497-00008095": "possible, suggesting transformative solutions to some of our greatest global challenges.", "jdau72qkaNA-00019-00008095-00008585": "This is an exciting moment for Nebraska — our moonshot.", "jdau72qkaNA-00020-00008585-00008833": "We need you to be part of it.", "jdau72qkaNA-00021-00008833-00009500": "By leveraging our combined strengths, we can make a giant leap toward solving the world’s", "jdau72qkaNA-00022-00009500-00009565": "grandest challenges."}}, {"audio_id": "jefwsnnQrVI", "text": {"jefwsnnQrVI-00000-00000000-00397083": "432 Sleep Well Meditation"}}, {"audio_id": "jejFhvpGg-I", "text": {"jejFhvpGg-I-00000-00000000-00007877": "[Welcome To My New Official YouTube Channel]"}}, {"audio_id": "jeE1KHKWewQ", "text": {"jeE1KHKWewQ-00000-00001403-00001603": "65 G DATES", "jeE1KHKWewQ-00001-00001703-00001803": "40 g almonds", "jeE1KHKWewQ-00002-00002103-00002303": "40 g peanuts", "jeE1KHKWewQ-00003-00002503-00002803": "40 g walnuts 50 g", "jeE1KHKWewQ-00004-00003003-00003303": "hazelnut cream", "jeE1KHKWewQ-00005-00011503-00011803": "biscuits", "jeE1KHKWewQ-00006-00017603-00017803": "Refrigerate for 30 minutes"}}, {"audio_id": "jebS25SMFgo", "text": {"jebS25SMFgo-00000-00000447-00000541": "Hi, everyone.", "jebS25SMFgo-00001-00000541-00000651": "My name is Maya.", "jebS25SMFgo-00002-00000651-00000823": "I use she/her pronouns.", "jebS25SMFgo-00003-00000823-00001008": "I'm a third year at Mount Holyoke.", "jebS25SMFgo-00004-00001008-00001233": "And I'm a politics major and French minor.", "jebS25SMFgo-00005-00001233-00001647": "And this fall, I spent studying remotely from my home", "jebS25SMFgo-00006-00001647-00001872": "in Farmington Hills, Michigan.", "jebS25SMFgo-00007-00001872-00001953": "Hi, everyone.", "jebS25SMFgo-00008-00001953-00002067": "I'm Haya.", "jebS25SMFgo-00009-00002067-00002248": "I use she/her pronouns.", "jebS25SMFgo-00010-00002248-00002502": "I'm currently a senior at Mount Holyoke.", "jebS25SMFgo-00011-00002502-00002772": "I am math and computer science double major.", "jebS25SMFgo-00012-00002772-00003045": "And this fall, I'm studying remotely from my home", "jebS25SMFgo-00013-00003045-00003242": "in California.", "jebS25SMFgo-00014-00003242-00003404": "Hi, I'm Shweta.", "jebS25SMFgo-00015-00003404-00003561": "I use she/her pronouns.", "jebS25SMFgo-00016-00003561-00003818": "I'm a sophomore.", "jebS25SMFgo-00017-00003818-00004181": "I'm a bio major and a chem minor.", "jebS25SMFgo-00018-00004181-00004818": "And I was on campus for this fall.", "jebS25SMFgo-00019-00004818-00004952": "My name is Kuzivakwashe.", "jebS25SMFgo-00020-00004952-00005351": "I'm a senior and a chemistry major with a bio minor.", "jebS25SMFgo-00021-00005351-00005865": "And this fall, I was studying on campus.", "jebS25SMFgo-00022-00005865-00006266": "So we all know that this was a very unprecedented semester,", "jebS25SMFgo-00023-00006266-00006581": "completely unpredictable, definitely", "jebS25SMFgo-00024-00006581-00006741": "a new experience for all of us.", "jebS25SMFgo-00025-00006741-00007073": "And so as we're sitting here talking together and reflecting", "jebS25SMFgo-00026-00007073-00007427": "on this past semester, I was wanting to learn more", "jebS25SMFgo-00027-00007427-00007566": "about all of your experiences.", "jebS25SMFgo-00028-00007566-00007763": "And so I wanted to ask all of you what", "jebS25SMFgo-00029-00007763-00008126": "are one to two things that really did go well", "jebS25SMFgo-00030-00008126-00008318": "this past fall semester, and maybe, what are", "jebS25SMFgo-00031-00008318-00008681": "one to two things that did not?", "jebS25SMFgo-00032-00008681-00009019": "And so while all of you reflect on what your answers would be,", "jebS25SMFgo-00033-00009019-00009355": "I can go ahead and get us started.", "jebS25SMFgo-00034-00009355-00009670": "So I would say for things that did not", "jebS25SMFgo-00035-00009670-00009907": "go well, I think it was really hard for me", "jebS25SMFgo-00036-00009907-00010069": "to adjust to the module system.", "jebS25SMFgo-00037-00010069-00010360": "Everything was just so fast paced.", "jebS25SMFgo-00038-00010360-00010603": "I felt like I was doing a lot of readings at night.", "jebS25SMFgo-00039-00010603-00010780": "And it was really hard for me to adjust", "jebS25SMFgo-00040-00010780-00011063": "how I managed my own time.", "jebS25SMFgo-00041-00011063-00011239": "And then I was trying to get used", "jebS25SMFgo-00042-00011239-00011701": "to studying at home and my parents knocking on my door", "jebS25SMFgo-00043-00011701-00011952": "asking me if I had lunch yet, and I'm, mom,", "jebS25SMFgo-00044-00011952-00012182": "I'm in class, that kind of thing.", "jebS25SMFgo-00045-00012182-00012580": "And so that was a really rough adjustment period for me.", "jebS25SMFgo-00046-00012580-00012868": "But then on the flip side, into mod 2,", "jebS25SMFgo-00047-00012868-00013060": "some things that I thought ended up going well", "jebS25SMFgo-00048-00013060-00013403": "is that I could be in bed.", "jebS25SMFgo-00049-00013403-00013789": "And so I felt very comfortable and motivated to go to class", "jebS25SMFgo-00050-00013789-00013981": "because then I was like, I can be comfortable.", "jebS25SMFgo-00051-00013981-00014296": "I can do what I need to do.", "jebS25SMFgo-00052-00014296-00014509": "And there is just a little bit more flexibility", "jebS25SMFgo-00053-00014509-00014608": "with remote learning.", "jebS25SMFgo-00054-00014608-00014800": "Even though everything's going at a fast pace,", "jebS25SMFgo-00055-00014800-00015138": "I felt like I had more time to do the things that I wanted.", "jebS25SMFgo-00056-00015138-00015363": "I was able to pick up some of the hobbies", "jebS25SMFgo-00057-00015363-00015597": "that I had to let go of before I started college.", "jebS25SMFgo-00058-00015597-00016015": "So there were definitely the good and the bad.", "jebS25SMFgo-00059-00016015-00016186": "But what about all of you?", "jebS25SMFgo-00060-00016186-00016451": "What do you think?", "jebS25SMFgo-00061-00016451-00016914": "Yeah, I agree with you, Maya.", "jebS25SMFgo-00062-00016914-00017353": "The disadvantage of what I saw about this fall semester", "jebS25SMFgo-00063-00017353-00017536": "was the module system.", "jebS25SMFgo-00064-00017536-00018178": "I was struggling because I felt that some exams were just", "jebS25SMFgo-00065-00018178-00018355": "so close to each other.", "jebS25SMFgo-00066-00018355-00018811": "And I didn't know which subject to give a priority to.", "jebS25SMFgo-00067-00018811-00019198": "And I was finding that really hard to manage.", "jebS25SMFgo-00068-00019198-00019675": "But on the plus side, I feel like it was self-paced,", "jebS25SMFgo-00069-00019675-00020200": "the whole learning because the most professors did record it.", "jebS25SMFgo-00070-00020200-00020704": "And personally, I felt it was a lot easier", "jebS25SMFgo-00071-00020704-00020905": "to watch the videos at my own pace", "jebS25SMFgo-00072-00020905-00021217": "to understand things better.", "jebS25SMFgo-00073-00021217-00021670": "I think my primary disadvantage was time difference.", "jebS25SMFgo-00074-00021670-00022024": "You think just being three hours behind wouldn't affect you", "jebS25SMFgo-00075-00022024-00022159": "to such great extent.", "jebS25SMFgo-00076-00022159-00022612": "But I had 5:00 AM classes, which are just really horrible.", "jebS25SMFgo-00077-00022612-00022963": "So I think primarily that was the difficulty for me,", "jebS25SMFgo-00078-00022963-00023236": "just always translating time and actually", "jebS25SMFgo-00079-00023236-00023614": "knowing what I was doing during the mod.", "jebS25SMFgo-00080-00023614-00024226": "But I think I agree with the self-paced learning.", "jebS25SMFgo-00081-00024226-00024378": "I think the videos were really nice.", "jebS25SMFgo-00082-00024378-00024612": "You can pause it, and then you can always", "jebS25SMFgo-00083-00024612-00024711": "go back to doing notes.", "jebS25SMFgo-00084-00024711-00024899": "And I think that was really nice and helpful.", "jebS25SMFgo-00085-00025208-00025639": "Personally, I enjoyed my mod one classes", "jebS25SMFgo-00086-00025639-00026164": "I guess because of the time that I had classes.", "jebS25SMFgo-00087-00026164-00026423": "I definitely did find time to do other things", "jebS25SMFgo-00088-00026423-00026975": "that I wasn't able to do when we had regular classes.", "jebS25SMFgo-00089-00026975-00027344": "But then when I transitioned to mod 2,", "jebS25SMFgo-00090-00027344-00027683": "I really struggled because the pace was different from mod 1.", "jebS25SMFgo-00091-00027938-00028211": "But I just had to adjust real quick because I only", "jebS25SMFgo-00092-00028211-00028420": "had seven weeks for mod 2.", "jebS25SMFgo-00093-00028420-00028751": "So it was-- it was a bit of a challenge,", "jebS25SMFgo-00094-00028751-00029372": "but for the most part, I did enjoy the mod system.", "jebS25SMFgo-00095-00029372-00029614": "I guess it all depends on the classes", "jebS25SMFgo-00096-00029614-00029883": "and how they're scheduled.", "jebS25SMFgo-00097-00029883-00030158": "It sounds like you had the opposite experience of me.", "jebS25SMFgo-00098-00030158-00030525": "My first mod was super hectic, and I felt very overwhelmed.", "jebS25SMFgo-00099-00030525-00030841": "But then mod 2, I had gotten used to everything.", "jebS25SMFgo-00100-00030841-00031086": "And then when I was talking to some of my friends", "jebS25SMFgo-00101-00031086-00031370": "who are going to universities that don't have the mod system,", "jebS25SMFgo-00102-00031370-00031689": "they were saying, Oh, I have seven exams and four projects,", "jebS25SMFgo-00103-00031689-00031914": "and I still have to go to work after all these things.", "jebS25SMFgo-00104-00031914-00032385": "And I was like, got my two classes under my belt.", "jebS25SMFgo-00105-00032385-00032697": "Most Holyoke jobs also to try to finish up before finals.", "jebS25SMFgo-00106-00032697-00032937": "I felt very grateful in that moment.", "jebS25SMFgo-00107-00032937-00033099": "But I also hear all of your saying.", "jebS25SMFgo-00108-00033099-00033412": "I think we have similar experiences there.", "jebS25SMFgo-00109-00033412-00033862": "It was strange, adjusting to the system.", "jebS25SMFgo-00110-00033862-00034114": "I think it was handled well, though, by Mount Holyoke.", "jebS25SMFgo-00111-00034114-00034660": "I mean, as well as it could have been handled.", "jebS25SMFgo-00112-00034660-00034823": "That's definitely true.", "jebS25SMFgo-00113-00034823-00035050": "I think I've see in my professor is", "jebS25SMFgo-00114-00035050-00035338": "them taking a lot of time and effort to try to make it work", "jebS25SMFgo-00115-00035338-00035812": "and asking us does this make sense, which I really", "jebS25SMFgo-00116-00035812-00035977": "appreciate.", "jebS25SMFgo-00117-00035977-00036332": "How have all of your professors been?", "jebS25SMFgo-00118-00036332-00036629": "I have-- all my professors have been", "jebS25SMFgo-00119-00036629-00036848": "very helpful and really considerate", "jebS25SMFgo-00120-00036848-00037116": "about the situation.", "jebS25SMFgo-00121-00037116-00037703": "And I spent a lot of time in office hours.", "jebS25SMFgo-00122-00037703-00038267": "And they've been very, very helpful the whole time.", "jebS25SMFgo-00123-00038267-00038412": "Yeah, I definitely agree.", "jebS25SMFgo-00124-00038412-00038876": "I really appreciate how flexible they were with their office", "jebS25SMFgo-00125-00038876-00039509": "hours during the mod system because they're", "jebS25SMFgo-00126-00039509-00040148": "regular like one to two hours twice or three times a week", "jebS25SMFgo-00127-00040148-00040478": "isn't enough to ask all of the questions that you have.", "jebS25SMFgo-00128-00040478-00040676": "Because you might have a question on Monday,", "jebS25SMFgo-00129-00040676-00041027": "and then you do on Tuesday, and then the same Wednesday,", "jebS25SMFgo-00130-00041027-00041271": "Thursday, Friday, since you had classes every single day.", "jebS25SMFgo-00131-00041271-00041606": "So I definitely appreciated their flexibility", "jebS25SMFgo-00132-00041606-00041912": "in order to schedule some time to meet up", "jebS25SMFgo-00133-00041912-00042071": "outside of their office hours.", "jebS25SMFgo-00134-00042328-00042535": "I think it was really incredible to think", "jebS25SMFgo-00135-00042535-00043057": "about how much professors have also going on in their lives,", "jebS25SMFgo-00136-00043057-00043564": "like children, and jobs, and cooking,", "jebS25SMFgo-00137-00043564-00043903": "and everything, where we're just sitting at home,", "jebS25SMFgo-00138-00043903-00044284": "vibing with our parents or ourselves at school.", "jebS25SMFgo-00139-00044284-00044764": "And I think it's incredible like how much effort they put in.", "jebS25SMFgo-00140-00044764-00045016": "And I agree with everything that everyone else", "jebS25SMFgo-00141-00045016-00045283": "said, and just flexibility and always really", "jebS25SMFgo-00142-00045283-00045463": "being on top of it and stuff.", "jebS25SMFgo-00143-00045463-00045778": "It was really great.", "jebS25SMFgo-00144-00045778-00046098": "I love it when we get to meet professors kids, though.", "jebS25SMFgo-00145-00046098-00046336": "I understand that they get frustrated that their kids are", "jebS25SMFgo-00146-00046336-00046499": "interrupting the Zoom call.", "jebS25SMFgo-00147-00046499-00046969": "[INTERPOSING VOICES]", "jebS25SMFgo-00148-00046969-00047582": "In my French class, her kid came in was like, mama, mama.", "jebS25SMFgo-00149-00047582-00047917": "I liked it though, I thought it was kind of cute.", "jebS25SMFgo-00150-00047917-00048244": "But I was also curious, I have been,", "jebS25SMFgo-00151-00048244-00048530": "like I said, being able to pick up some of my hobbies again.", "jebS25SMFgo-00152-00048530-00048808": "Have any of you feel like you have more free time?", "jebS25SMFgo-00153-00048808-00049079": "Or is it all been devoted to studying,", "jebS25SMFgo-00154-00049079-00049243": "and if there's a time difference, being", "jebS25SMFgo-00155-00049243-00049324": "adjusted to that?", "jebS25SMFgo-00156-00049324-00049666": "Or has anyone been able to be a person outside of school?", "jebS25SMFgo-00157-00049985-00050366": "For me, in the first module, I didn't have time", "jebS25SMFgo-00158-00050366-00050711": "to pick up my hobbies.", "jebS25SMFgo-00159-00050711-00051113": "And mostly was I used to give time", "jebS25SMFgo-00160-00051113-00051290": "to work out in the evenings.", "jebS25SMFgo-00161-00051290-00051599": "But I wasn't able to do that because my classes--", "jebS25SMFgo-00162-00051599-00052013": "I had classes all afternoon and then a class from 7", "jebS25SMFgo-00163-00052013-00052180": "through 10 PM.", "jebS25SMFgo-00164-00052180-00052583": "So I wasn't able to really work out in the evenings.", "jebS25SMFgo-00165-00052583-00053005": "And I slept in all morning because I slept late", "jebS25SMFgo-00166-00053005-00053145": "after the class.", "jebS25SMFgo-00167-00053145-00053467": "So mod 1, I was struggling.", "jebS25SMFgo-00168-00053467-00053840": "Mod 2, though, all my classes finished in the morning.", "jebS25SMFgo-00169-00053840-00054150": "So I did have a lot more time to pick up my hobbies.", "jebS25SMFgo-00170-00054150-00054620": "So it did vary from each month.", "jebS25SMFgo-00171-00054620-00054995": "I had time in mod 1 because I had a 10 hour", "jebS25SMFgo-00172-00054995-00055157": "difference between my classes.", "jebS25SMFgo-00173-00055157-00055712": "So I had a whole lot of time I personally did not", "jebS25SMFgo-00174-00055712-00055859": "know what to do with it.", "jebS25SMFgo-00175-00055859-00056036": "Because I was able to finish my homework", "jebS25SMFgo-00176-00056036-00056554": "and get ready for my class and do some knitting before class.", "jebS25SMFgo-00177-00056554-00056885": "And then I just didn't know what else", "jebS25SMFgo-00178-00056885-00057110": "to do because also there wasn't much to do", "jebS25SMFgo-00179-00057110-00057908": "on campus because of the whole situation we were in, but yeah.", "jebS25SMFgo-00180-00057908-00058179": "I also knit.", "jebS25SMFgo-00181-00058179-00058451": "I made a full scarf.", "jebS25SMFgo-00182-00058451-00058862": "And that's all I had in mind for my grandma.", "jebS25SMFgo-00183-00058862-00058988": "I'm glad that you also knit.", "jebS25SMFgo-00184-00058988-00059120": "I feel like--", "jebS25SMFgo-00185-00059120-00059283": "I feel like an old woman hobby.", "jebS25SMFgo-00186-00059283-00059426": "But if you're doing it, that means", "jebS25SMFgo-00187-00059426-00059539": "it's got to be cool, right?", "jebS25SMFgo-00188-00059539-00059927": "So I feel more validated.", "jebS25SMFgo-00189-00059927-00060152": "I've always wanted to learn how to knit.", "jebS25SMFgo-00190-00060152-00060335": "And I keep trying to motivate myself,", "jebS25SMFgo-00191-00060335-00060734": "but it doesn't happen, so eventually.", "jebS25SMFgo-00192-00060734-00060950": "But it seems like all of us have time", "jebS25SMFgo-00193-00060950-00061216": "in just one mod or the other.", "jebS25SMFgo-00194-00061216-00061421": "Mine's was mod 2, where I just--", "jebS25SMFgo-00195-00061421-00061784": "I am doing a thesis this semester, or this year or two.", "jebS25SMFgo-00196-00061784-00062116": "And I only had one class mod 2 because of that.", "jebS25SMFgo-00197-00062116-00062315": "And it was at 5:00 in the morning.", "jebS25SMFgo-00198-00062315-00062507": "So I had like the rest of the day", "jebS25SMFgo-00199-00062507-00062948": "to just do everything else that I wanted to do.", "jebS25SMFgo-00200-00062948-00063292": "And I found myself picking up a lot of new hobbies", "jebS25SMFgo-00201-00063292-00063440": "that were really fun.", "jebS25SMFgo-00202-00063440-00063742": "So I definitely-- it seems like it depends", "jebS25SMFgo-00203-00063742-00064013": "on the mod for all of us."}}, {"audio_id": "jfJwebFTDwA", "text": {"jfJwebFTDwA-00000-00000019-00000479": "We can see a particularly clear and practical example of Lenz's law if", "jfJwebFTDwA-00001-00000479-00000977": "instead of looking at transformers, we look at magnetic braking. So what I have", "jfJwebFTDwA-00002-00000977-00001521": "here is a metal disc that's free to spin. Okay so it spins happily now if I were", "jfJwebFTDwA-00003-00001521-00001860": "to put that in a magnetic field it would be a conductor moving in a magnetic", "jfJwebFTDwA-00004-00001860-00002298": "field and so we would expect from Faraday's law of induction the eddy currents (little", "jfJwebFTDwA-00005-00002298-00002751": "circles of (en-) current) would be induced inside that disk. And they would", "jfJwebFTDwA-00006-00002751-00003183": "in turn produce their own magnetic fields and the question is -  in what", "jfJwebFTDwA-00007-00003183-00003548": "direction are they going to do all that? And the answer is very simple. They have", "jfJwebFTDwA-00008-00003548-00003918": "to oppose the motion, don't they? And so if I just put this magnet around that", "jfJwebFTDwA-00009-00003918-00004278": "disk, it stops the disk rather rapidly. This is", "jfJwebFTDwA-00010-00004278-00004653": "a nice strong magnet and indeed it didn't involve any touching. If I show", "jfJwebFTDwA-00011-00004653-00005012": "you directly, you can see the disk spinning. There it is spinning nice and", "jfJwebFTDwA-00012-00005012-00005544": "fast. As I bring the magnets in, the magnetic field induced a current that", "jfJwebFTDwA-00013-00005544-00006173": "opposed the motion and so what we ended up with was a stopped disc with no", "jfJwebFTDwA-00014-00006173-00006622": "touching. And that's magnetic braking. It's a very handy tool.", "jfJwebFTDwA-00015-00006622-00006961": "And again this is just a restatement of the conservation of energy.", "jfJwebFTDwA-00016-00006961-00007390": "If magnetic forces that were induced helped the motion - helped accelerate the", "jfJwebFTDwA-00017-00007390-00007639": "motion in that direction - then of course you'd be getting kinetic energy out of", "jfJwebFTDwA-00018-00007639-00007981": "nowhere. We can do another fairly clear demonstration that what's going on in", "jfJwebFTDwA-00019-00007981-00008392": "magnetic breaking is in fact to do with currents being induced inside the", "jfJwebFTDwA-00020-00008392-00008875": "material. And the way we do that is we have magnetic braking where we have", "jfJwebFTDwA-00021-00008875-00009349": "different materials. So what we've got here is we have three magnets. Three", "jfJwebFTDwA-00022-00009349-00009778": "magnets at the bottom here. And those three magnets are in tubes and there's plenty", "jfJwebFTDwA-00023-00009778-00010105": "of room for them to slide down those tubes, but those three tubes are made of", "jfJwebFTDwA-00024-00010105-00010510": "different materials. We have clear plastic, which is not a conductor,", "jfJwebFTDwA-00025-00010510-00010936": "we have aluminium, which is a conductor, and copper which is a really good", "jfJwebFTDwA-00026-00010936-00011320": "conductor. And so what I'm going to do is I'm going to take this, (and) I'm going to tip", "jfJwebFTDwA-00027-00011320-00011680": "it upside down and then each of these three magnets will just slide down the", "jfJwebFTDwA-00028-00011680-00012752": "tube into the other end. Okay, let's see how long that takes.", "jfJwebFTDwA-00029-00012752-00013124": "Extremely different times you see the plastic went down bang", "jfJwebFTDwA-00030-00013124-00013319": "the aluminium came down a bit slower and", "jfJwebFTDwA-00031-00013319-00013691": "the copper was surprisingly slow. And indeed if you take these and make them", "jfJwebFTDwA-00032-00013693-00014101": "cold, the resistivity goes down as you make things colder and so you can find", "jfJwebFTDwA-00033-00014101-00014605": "that their currents really really slow the motion of the magnets and it gets", "jfJwebFTDwA-00034-00014605-00014945": "slower and slower as you're making them colder."}}, {"audio_id": "jgmh2Bf-KUU", "text": {"jgmh2Bf-KUU-00000-00000659-00000809": "What's up? It's Comrade!", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00001-00000809-00001073": "Today I decided not to shoot the live part for this video,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00002-00001073-00001420": "so you will listen to my monotonous voice for the entire timekeeping.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00003-00001420-00001926": "We will talk about one interesting award, the presentation of which is included during the \"Annie Award\" ceremony.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00004-00001966-00002770": "The Winsor McCay Award is awarded annually to individuals for their career, and even lifetime, contribution to the world of animation.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00005-00002800-00003261": "Zenos Winsor McKay was born on September 26, 1869,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00006-00003261-00003597": "in the Ottawa Country town of Spring Lake, Michigan.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00007-00003644-00004310": "At the age of 20, wanting to go to art school, he began working as a woodcarver, a poster maker, and then as an artist.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00008-00004310-00005140": "He got basic drawing skills at John Goodison's lessons, when his father sent him to study entrepreneurship in Ypsilanti, Michigan.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00009-00005154-00005684": "In 1906, he tried out the role of a comedian, performing on stage with short scenes.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00010-00005720-00006135": "Mackay became famous for the fact that from 1905 to 1914,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00011-00006135-00006947": "and then from 1924 to 1927, he was engaged in the creation of a newspaper comic strip \"Little Nemo in the Land of dreams\".", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00012-00006947-00007488": "These issues told about dreams, which absorbed fantasy images.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00013-00007488-00007720": "There were other comics of his own authorship,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00014-00007725-00008000": "such as \"Dream of the Rarebit Fiend\" and \"Little Sammy Sneeze\"", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00015-00008032-00008536": "McKay's drawings did not become super popular, but always found admirers thanks to the bright manner of drawing.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00016-00008536-00008820": "Newspapers of that time were much larger than modern ones,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00017-00008820-00009085": "and he was usually given half a strip to work with.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00018-00009085-00009595": "In terms of fantasy drawings, McKay's only rival was Lyonel Feininger,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00019-00009595-00010016": "who, after ending his career as a cartoonist, took up the fine arts.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00020-00010016-00010334": "McKay also created several short cartoons,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00021-00010334-00010605": "each frame (and there were usually thousands of them) for which he drew by hand,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00022-00010605-00010771": "sometimes attracting assistants.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00023-00010800-00011038": "Films he used in performances on stage:", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00024-00011091-00011573": "first he told a short introduction, drew, and then played with the drawn characters,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00025-00011573-00011773": "demonstrating various tricks.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00026-00011773-00012281": "One of these heroines, who became a participant in his performances, was the dinosaur Gertie.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00027-00012281-00012585": "When creating films with her participation,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00028-00012585-00012846": "key frame animation was used for the first time.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00029-00012846-00013053": "The premiere of this kind of performance took place", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00030-00013053-00013501": "at the Palace Theater on February 8, 1914, in Chicago,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00031-00013501-00013800": "and further - at the Hammerstein Theater in New York.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00032-00013920-00014328": "The art with which McKay acted out the performance impressed the audience.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00033-00014389-00014726": "Emil Kohl, who worked in New York until March 1914 and saw McKay perform at the Hammerstein Theater,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00034-00014726-00015058": "and saw McKay perform at the Hammerstein Theater,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00035-00015058-00015630": "he later wrote that the public liked both McKay's acting skills and the film he created.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00036-00015669-00015996": "In addition, Kohl noted the extraordinary profitability of the production.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00037-00016046-00016408": "That same year, cinematographer and founder of Fox Studios, William Fox,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00038-00016408-00016822": "offered to transfer Gertie to film for later showing in cinemas.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00039-00016886-00017124": "The total length of the first tape was 12 minutes,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00040-00017136-00017543": "and included live shooting with other cartoonists and comics artists.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00041-00017554-00017892": "Even though the next Gertie paintings were soon released,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00042-00017914-00018116": "McKay did not take part in the creations,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00043-00018116-00018362": "and worked to prepare the drawings for the paintings.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00044-00018422-00018667": "\"Gertie the Dinosaur\" was not the first animation in history,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00045-00018708-00019000": "but was a significant leap forward for the formative film genre.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00046-00019053-00019321": "Its success has inspired many pioneering animators such as:", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00047-00019321-00019883": "Ab Iwerks, Paul Terry, Walt Disney, brothers Max and Dave Fleischer and other animators.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00048-00020047-00020318": "The award was established in 1972,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00049-00020318-00020548": "and in addition to directors, animators and screenwriters,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00050-00020548-00020925": "voice actors, composers and producers could receive such an award.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00051-00021006-00021292": "The first winners of the award were Max's younger brother -", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00052-00021292-00021556": "Dave Fleischer - writer, gagman and director", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00053-00021561-00021898": "and Walter Lantz, creator of the cycles about \"Woody Woodpecker\" .", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00054-00021957-00022319": "Mel Blanc won the award in 1977.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00055-00022319-00022501": "He is the man of \"a thousand voices\",", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00056-00022501-00022806": "the voice of many animated characters and a veteran of \"Looney Tunes\",", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00057-00022806-00023385": "with Bill Scott (UPA voice actor), Disney animator Milt Kahl", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00058-00023385-00023672": "and the founders of the \"Hanna-Barbera\"", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00059-00023672-00024020": "studio - William Denby \"Bill\" Hanna and Joseph \"Joe\" Barbera.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00060-00024065-00024204": "The award may also be given posthumously.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00061-00024233-00024613": "In addition to Winsor McKay, in different years they were awarded the prize", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00062-00024613-00024983": "Max Fleischer, Walt Disney, Ub Iwerks, Carl Stalling", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00063-00024983-00025249": "and other figures who have devoted their activities to animation.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00064-00025299-00025560": "The list of owners also includes foreign creators,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00065-00025560-00025806": "among which one can notice Japanese authors,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00066-00025806-00026282": "represented by Isao Takahata, Hayao Miyazaki, Katsuhiro Otomo and other.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00067-00026341-00026757": "And in 1991, the award was given to the Soviet film director,", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00068-00026757-00027120": "screenwriter and animator - Yuri Norshtein.", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00069-00027180-00027330": "And for today, that's all!", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00070-00027338-00027500": "Thank you very much for watching!", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00071-00027500-00028039": "Appreciate! Commenting! Subscribe!", "jgmh2Bf-KUU-00072-00028039-00028239": "That's the way it is - don't be bored)))"}}, {"audio_id": "jgAqWvVXW1I", "text": {"jgAqWvVXW1I-00000-00000501-00000720": "Hello, friends of Tencent Video \"Deep Well Roasted Goose\"", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00001-00000720-00000817": "I'm Yao Chen", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00002-00000817-00000938": "=The MV was filmed in your hometown in Chongqing. How did you choose the location?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00003-00000938-00001252": "Because I went to Chongqing for an event,", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00004-00001252-00001493": "I went two days in advance and stayed up late to shoot the [MV]", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00005-00001493-00001983": "If I decided to shoot in Chongqing, it’s because I was born and grew up in Chongqing", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00006-00001983-00002459": "I also think this is the first EP released, so it feels more meaningful to go back to Chongqing.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00007-00002459-00002582": "=Did you share this EP with your family?  What kind of evaluation did you get?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00008-00002582-00002964": "Yes. When I listened to my dad and my mother, they thought it was better than \"Nevermind\"", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00009-00003018-00003212": "My mother said \"Nevermind\" was like a quarrel", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00010-00003212-00003491": "She said why I didn't release this type of song first?", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00011-00003491-00003687": "She likes this type of song, she doesn’t like that kind of blablabla..", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00012-00003687-00004019": "The intact description she gave me is like a quarrel", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00013-00004019-00004425": "=Sister Li forever God!!=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00014-00004425-00004543": "=Have you leaked this song to R1SE members before? How do they rate your new song?", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00015-00004564-00004852": "When I was in the dormitory, I'll release it directly so everyone can hear it", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00016-00004852-00005037": "They just asked without comment", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00017-00005037-00005161": "\"Do you want to shoot the MV?\"", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00018-00005161-00005266": "\"Where did you choose to shoot the MV?\"", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00019-00005266-00005423": "\"How about the lyrics? Let me see!\"", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00020-00005423-00005554": "There are a lot of questions like this.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00021-00005554-00005675": "=Did you encounter any confusion when writing lyrics?  How to solve it?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00022-00005675-00005785": "There's no problem with \"No Need To Answer\"", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00023-00005785-00006279": "\"No Need To Answer\"  is something I always want to say, so I write it relatively smoothly", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00024-00006279-00006702": "but \"Sunset of Mobius\" is written in third person", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00025-00006702-00007309": "so I asked many staff and my friend Fang Jie or other people", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00026-00007309-00007831": "I asked because it's more difficult to think about what to say to Yao Chen from their point of view", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00027-00007831-00008049": "because I don’t know how others think of me.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00028-00008049-00008171": "=Use one sentence to describe the meaning of the Mobius ring in your eyes, what do you think is it?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00029-00008171-00008483": "Positive and negative, it walks the same way,", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00030-00008483-00008726": "different faces, but the same eyes", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00031-00008726-00008934": "back to back, but also face to face.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00032-00008934-00009058": "=Do you believe in the parallel world of infinite loops?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00033-00009058-00009504": "I believe in parallel worlds, but I don’t believe in infinite loops", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00034-00009504-00009922": "but I think there are cycles, but not necessarily infinite loops.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00035-00009922-00010046": "=Among all the songs released, which one is the most successful song?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00036-00010046-00010282": "These two are not easy to come out", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00037-00010282-00010570": "because after all, I added a lot of my own ideas", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00038-00010570-00010816": "not only the lyrics, not just the music", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00039-00010816-00010983": "Actually, when the MV was filming", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00040-00010983-00011207": "there were also a lot of my own little ideas", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00041-00011207-00011419": "so I did my best to do it.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00042-00011419-00011539": "=Have you ever started to feel that the ordinary demo recorded is a particularly amazing song?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00043-00011539-00011660": "When I finished recording the song \"No need to answer\",", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00044-00011660-00012043": "I felt very refreshed when I listened to the demo", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00045-00012043-00012342": "and I felt like a vent point in the future", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00046-00012342-00012558": "or anything can be passed through this song.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00047-00012558-00012673": "=What is the inspiration for the songs in the EP?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00048-00012673-00012865": "The source of inspiration is my memo", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00049-00012865-00013216": "but the thing written in it may be me looking at myself.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00050-00013216-00013333": "Writing lyrics in this EP, what kind of attitude do you want to convey through the lyrics?", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00051-00013333-00013470": "What I want to say is", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00052-00013470-00013985": "that we all need to give ourselves a quiet time or calm ourselves down", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00053-00013985-00014199": "to look at ourselves from another angle.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00054-00014199-00014864": "Don’t pass other people’s delivery of you or what kind of external things affect your own judgment", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00055-00014864-00015097": "because only we know ourselves best", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00056-00015097-00015398": "and I hope everyone will let go of some of their questions and \"No need to answer\" them.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00057-00015398-00015518": "=Combined with the current serious situation of \"involution\", how do you view and deal with personal anxiety under involution?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00058-00015518-00015735": "My personal view is", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00059-00015735-00015990": "that you won't participate in the scroll if you work harder", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00060-00015990-00016339": "After you go up, the scroll won't be able to scroll you.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00061-00016339-00016631": "=Will you feel anxious if there is an \"involution\" coming to you?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00062-00016631-00016757": "I won't", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00063-00016757-00017131": "because I believe in my own judgment or whatever you do", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00064-00017131-00017649": "but I have my own judgment, I have my own rhythm, and I don't care about you", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00065-00017649-00017957": "it's your business, it doesn't matter.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00066-00017957-00018058": "=Can't roll me?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00067-00018058-00018208": "The volume may also roll over to me,", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00068-00018208-00018499": "but my own mentality will not have much influence", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00069-00018499-00018694": "I rushed to the top", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00070-00018794-00018915": "=You're a hard-working person=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00071-00018915-00019211": "I am not a very hardworking person nor a very self-disciplined person.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00072-00019211-00019520": "I just want to achieve my own standard", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00073-00019520-00020175": "If I can’t achieve my own minimum standard, I feel very unhappy or the test is very fruitful.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00074-00020175-00020514": "It’s possible to pay more, but I’m relaxed.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00075-00020514-00020771": "I go dancing every day. In the eyes of many people,", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00076-00020771-00020952": "he works hard and works hard.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00077-00020952-00021160": "Actually, this may be just a thing for me.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00078-00021160-00021339": "If I don’t dance, it may be even more uncomfortable", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00079-00021339-00021580": "I'm just making an analogy, it's not that I'm going to dance every day.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00080-00021580-00021733": "=It’s just that there is a standard of its own=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00081-00021733-00021791": "Right", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00082-00021791-00022032": "Then this has nothing to do with hard work,", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00083-00022032-00022184": "because I never feel that I work hard", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00084-00022184-00022692": "I don't think that involution should be defined by hard work or dedication.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00085-00022692-00022811": "=Did you share your creative experience with your friends when you were working on EP production?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00086-00022811-00022882": "Yes", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00087-00022882-00023089": "In fact, we have communicated with Nannan", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00088-00023092-00023510": "about how the song should be mixed or how it should be written.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00089-00023510-00023596": "We all communicated", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00090-00023596-00023951": "because after we made the song, we all listened to the song, including Zhao Rang's song", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00091-00023951-00024115": "we all discussed it together", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00092-00024115-00024247": "(Zhao Rang song - WIT'U)", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00093-00024247-00024362": "=Will there be any gains from communicating with friends about production?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00094-00024362-00024516": "I think the gain is", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00095-00024516-00024875": "that you can make a judgment and comparison from the perspective of others and yours", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00096-00024875-00025085": "but it is more about yourself", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00097-00025085-00025255": "It is your song and not the song of others", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00098-00025255-00025412": "It is enough to have your own judgment.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00099-00025412-00025527": "=From \"Nevermind\" to the launch of the first EP after graduation, what do you think is the biggest changed in your music positioning compared to in the group?", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00100-00025527-00025667": "In terms of music positioning,", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00101-00025667-00026030": "I can now make music that I prefer to like, such as electronic music", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00102-00026299-00026783": "And because in the group, we may have to consider more about the matter of chasing the sun", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00103-00026874-00027200": "But now, there may be more of our own story", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00104-00027200-00027435": "You can hold things in your own hands.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00105-00027435-00027558": "=What is your favorite element in this EP?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00106-00027558-00027892": "Both songs are sung with falsetto in the chorus part", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00107-00027892-00028075": "I am happy that that point is not bad", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00108-00028075-00028326": "Then in terms of lyrics, I like it better", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00109-00028326-00028714": "because it is the kind that can be very cancerous and comfortable after watching the audience", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00110-00028714-00029009": "You can be on the bus by yourself and crying.", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00111-00029039-00029239": "=So the purpose of this EP is to sing and cry for all the fans?=", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00112-00029239-00029393": "That's not it, that's not it", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00113-00029393-00029506": "This EP has no purpose", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00114-00029506-00029771": "I want to show you a more diverse Yao Chen,", "jgAqWvVXW1I-00115-00029771-00029971": "not the Yao Chen you see now."}}, {"audio_id": "jgBoi9AXbl4", "text": {"jgBoi9AXbl4-00000-00000020-00000250": "[♫ - SSH's \"Heavy New Year\"]", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00001-00000701-00001001": "Captioning made possible by PsychTsunami", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00002-00003536-00004040": "To everyone watching here on YouTube, don't forget to smash the LIKE button and Subscribe to the channel!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00003-00004883-00005416": "Thunderbirds for the NES, by the combined efforts of Activision & Pack-in-Video, circa 1990 -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00004-00005416-00005873": "based on the '60s TV series of the same name, conceived by the late Gerry & Sylvia Anderson -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00005-00005873-00006180": "by which TEAM AMERICA: WORLD POLICE was inspired, by the way.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00006-00006180-00006616": "And NO, the title has JACK-SHIT to do with one of the bosses in The Adventure of Link, PERIOD!!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00007-00006616-00006786": "(*affixing cartridge, vent shuts and activating console*)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00008-00006800-00006906": "(*snatches controller*)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00009-00008372-00008503": "(*Thunderbird 1 takes off*)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00010-00008541-00008900": "That's right - even after over 1/2 a century, they're still GO...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00011-00008900-00009103": "THEY'RE STILL FUCKIN' GO!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00012-00009128-00009487": "(*lightning and thunder rumbling, akin to the show*)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00013-00009693-00009926": "[♫ - \"The Thunderbird March\", composed by M. Iwamoto, and J. & H. Saito - after the late Barry Gray]", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00014-00009966-00010087": "(*lightning & thunder*)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00015-00011237-00011526": "Anyhow, if you've seen the show... or at the very least, recall it -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00016-00011526-00011942": "let alone any related media tied to the immortal exploits of International Rescue,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00017-00011942-00012233": "be they films, revamps, reboots, what have us:", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00018-00012234-00012660": "the premise should jog everyone's memory - and as per usual, not to dehumanize anyone...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00019-00012660-00013041": "but GOD HELP ME if I ever meet someone who falls outside said criteria!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00020-00013119-00013573": "It revolves around the exploits of the aforementioned secret organization, International Rescue (IR)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00021-00013573-00013953": "headed by the Tracy Family for the sole purpose of saving and protecting all mankind.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00022-00013953-00014409": "Former industrialist and astronaut JEFF TRACY - voiced by the late Peter Dyneley,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00023-00014409-00014793": "in charge of IR, alongside his 5 sons - SCOTT, VIRGIL, ALAN, GORDON & JOHN,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00024-00014793-00015073": "voiced by the also-late Shane Rimmer;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00025-00015073-00015486": "[See correction above] David Holliday, with the also-late Jeremy Wilkin replacing Virgil in Season 2;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00026-00015486-00015750": "Matt Zimmerman; the long-since-retired David Graham;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00027-00015750-00015960": "and the also-late Ray Barrett, respectively -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00028-00015966-00016717": "working alongside their intellectual assistant BRAINS, later going by Ray Hackenbacker / Mr. X / Hiram K. Hackenbacker, etc.,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00029-00016717-00016931": "also voiced by the long-since-retired Graham -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00030-00016931-00017320": "are faced with a 60-day challenge, imposed on by their archenemy THE HOOD...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00031-00017322-00017829": "also voiced by the late Ray Barrett - to turn over all of their mechanic vehicles to that cue-ball \"Discount Blofeld\"", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00032-00017829-00018252": "douchebag, wannabe son-of-a-bitch who's just threatened to destroy the Earth with meteors", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00033-00018252-00018462": "via energy sources from throughout our planet!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00034-00018464-00018691": "Like, what kind of fuckin' shit is that, right?", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00035-00019851-00020241": "Now, as far as gameplay: who'd expect anything less than another straightforward -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00036-00020241-00020593": "yet, as we're about to discover, EXTREMELY TOUGH AND INTENSE - shmup?!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00037-00020593-00021009": "Upon commencement, The Hood lays down his bullshit ultimatum thanks to John's visual,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00038-00021009-00021413": "while Dr. Brains puts his 2 cents in, despite being unsure of where Hood's energy sources are", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00039-00021413-00021554": "throughout the entire globe.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00040-00023006-00023367": "There are 3 sources pinpointed, however, according to Brains' analysis -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00041-00023367-00023780": "hence where our first 3 starting areas lie: the US, Indian Ocean and Asia,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00042-00023782-00024094": "where you're capable of commencing your missions in any order, by the way.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00043-00025383-00025704": "The varying Thunderbird vehicles you send out have a 3-unit shield meter;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00044-00025704-00026135": "ergo, SHOULD THEY GET HIT THAT MUCH, a damage report is then transmitted to Dr. Brains...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00045-00026135-00026525": "in which case 3 days will be used up for the repair of any of these vehicles on his behalf -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00046-00026525-00026811": "so bottom line, [with a virtual godlike tone] DON'T FUCK AROUND TOO MUCH ANYWHERE!!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00047-00026811-00027156": "Regarding the controls, the D-pad lets any of the Tracy Brothers' vehicles", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00048-00027156-00027625": "travel anywhere over land, under and/or over sea, and the like; and as for B & A -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00049-00027625-00027958": "they shift the directions of their added Orbiters / \"Option Weapons\",", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00050-00027958-00028239": "akin to SILVER SURFER that was out that same year, by the way...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00051-00028446-00028684": "and fire off their main armaments, individually.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00052-00028698-00029043": "In each of the differentiating operations spanning the 3 detected continents...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00053-00029043-00029597": "while pursuing the appropriate energy sources and neutralizing them, there are 3 items you're capable of obtaining throughout -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00054-00029597-00029773": "L recovers the shield of your vehicles;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00055-00029773-00030001": "O summons the Orbiters / \"Options\";", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00056-00030001-00030501": "E enhances your vehicle's firepower; and even various direction-shifting icons for your Option Weapons -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00057-00030503-00031093": "horizontal, diagonal, and even 360° counter-clockwise, on both sides of every vehicle -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00058-00031093-00031430": "since they all fire vertically, Up and/or Down, from the get-go.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00059-00031480-00031917": "While there aren't any monumental boss fights, unlike every other shmup in history, no less -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00060-00031918-00032128": "there are at least extra scenes to make up for that,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00061-00032128-00032688": "involving exploring underground or under the deep seas to further pursue and decimate not only the energy sources", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00062-00032688-00033108": "for Hood's diabolical means, but also the random mutated creatures that take shape", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00063-00033108-00033271": "within these particular paths.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00064-00033290-00033589": "For instance, in North America (our own US of A) -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00065-00033589-00033963": "there are these mine-dispensing barrels and attack turrets that have to be neutralized;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00066-00033963-00034335": "and even those aforementioned mutated creatures deep beneath the Indian Ocean,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00067-00034335-00034646": "and extraterrestrial plants within the underground caverns of Asia", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00068-00034646-00034893": "causing the crustal friction & volcanic eruptions...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00069-00034893-00035232": "thereby summing up International Rescue's entire batch of operations.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00070-00035250-00035630": "Well, that is until pursuing and infiltrating Hood's final station in outer space,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00071-00035630-00035983": "inhabited by an endless plethora of defenses that rival both the Death Star", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00072-00035983-00036214": "and the fuckin' Forbidden Zone from SPACEHUNTER -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00073-00036214-00036638": "thereby, also, permanently bringing his  schemes to an eternal fucking standstill!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00074-00036709-00036998": "But, as is the case with every other fucking shmup out there...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00075-00036998-00037344": "EXPECT ABSOLUTELY NO REMORSE OR GRACE PERIODS FROM THIS SHIT,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00076-00037344-00037623": "'cause apart from the ongoing onslaughts of Hood's platoons and", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00077-00037625-00037997": "natural & evolutionary disasters that'll throw your ass the Christ off,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00078-00037997-00038584": "every operation in which you participate turns out to be both a race AND fight against time, in and of themselves...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00079-00038584-00039136": "and believe you me, your chances of prevailing in them are \"650,000 kilometers up Shit-and-Piss-Creek\"", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00080-00039136-00039325": "MINUS any rowboats or oars,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00081-00039325-00039723": "unless your overall, undeniable-ass senses and expertise are on the up-and-up!!!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00082-00039755-00040087": "At least the controls are responsive enough and WAY short of convoluted,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00083-00040087-00040347": "given the customary \"don't blame the computer\" doctrine -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00084-00040347-00040950": "especially when it involves avoiding any and all damage - be it environmental, natural and/or mechanical alike...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00085-00040950-00041363": "and the less I say about the excruciatingly redundant yet nuts-and-bolts gameplay framework,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00086-00041363-00041453": "THE BETTER!!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00087-00041481-00041627": "(*Orbiters swapping directions, firing continues*)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00088-00041644-00041705": "(*item obtained*)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00089-00041746-00041928": "(*firing / enemy extermination continues*)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00090-00042200-00042541": "Challenge-wise, yet again - as typical of every shmup in history...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00091-00042541-00042953": "THUNDERBIRDS ON NES WILL RIP OFF BOTH YOUR KIDNEYS AND YOUR NUTS, DOUSE 'EM IN OIL,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00092-00042953-00043344": "AND USE THEM AS SACRIFICIAL KINDLING TO APPEASE EVERY HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL DEITY...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00093-00043344-00043610": "I'm looking at YOU 2 especially, Shiva & Ching Dai -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00094-00043610-00044142": "in terms of evading the common types of damage, about which under no mother-Jesusdamn-fucking circumstances", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00095-00044142-00044408": "will I pressure myself to reiterate every now and again.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00096-00044408-00044888": "Other than everything else, my only strong advice is watching out closely for everything...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00097-00044888-00045031": "I mean, SHIT, you'll never know -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00098-00045031-00045476": "there may be arbitrary rows and/or columns of enemies that'll approach and assault without remorse;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00099-00045476-00045870": "walls of dirt and/or space station barricades to blast your goddamn way through,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00100-00045870-00046513": "or those earlier-recounted mutated life forms and/or colossal-as-balls attack ships which, NOT SURPRISINGLY ENOUGH...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00101-00046513-00046956": "may or may not take long to eradicate before proceeding depending on one's own tolerance level!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00102-00046956-00047460": "Since there aren't any lives or continues whatsoever - refer to what I discussed about the 60-day stipulations:", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00103-00047460-00047709": "1 of which passes should you succeed in each mission,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00104-00047709-00048075": "and 3 of which are sacrificed every time a vehicle is ransacked to SHIT-ALL,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00105-00048075-00048346": "in which case, ONCE AGAIN, Brains has to fuckin' repair it -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00106-00048346-00048737": "but a GAME OVER will be declared should all 60 be wasted and/or expired!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00107-00049406-00049700": "Oh, and by the way - there's even a 3-tier number-based password system,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00108-00049770-00050487": "[*two zeros] comprised of 2 to 3 digits each depending on the individual number entered from 00* through 255,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00109-00050487-00050653": "totaling 6 to 9 digits -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00110-00050655-00051048": "on which I suggest writing down or looking up on the web should you decide to continue,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00111-00051048-00051237": "aside from every-fucking-thing else.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00112-00052376-00052597": "As dated and simplistic as the graphics are,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00113-00052597-00052983": "they're far from an absolute eyesore, representing its source material in more ways", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00114-00052983-00053308": "than one could possibly imagine - or FATHOM, at the very least!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00115-00053308-00053567": "Most of the cutscenes are very reminiscent of the show:", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00116-00053567-00054130": "most notably when every main and supporting character advances every plot point in the form of status reports & updates,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00117-00054130-00054735": "except when the Hood's involved, laying one horseshit verbal barb at the International Rescue brigade after another,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00118-00054735-00054973": "AND FAILING MISERABLY ON TOP OF IT ALL...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00119-00054973-00055425": "and even the sequences when all of the Thunderbird vehicles are in motion NOT ONLY during the intro,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00120-00055425-00055597": "but also at the start of every mission.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00121-00057000-00057513": "Regarding the varying stage areas, at least they're realistic enough depending on which continent and/or void of space", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00122-00057513-00057918": "the Tracy Brothers launch ass through, in spite of how redundant they appear at times.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00123-00057945-00058280": "Also, why Lady Penelope, voiced by the late Sylvia Anderson -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00124-00058280-00058595": "one of the show's creators, I might add - was left out of this adaptation", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00125-00058595-00058723": "is anybody's guess!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00126-00059266-00059839": "In terms of music-and-sound, orchestrated by Masaki Iwamoto (岩本 正樹), alongside Junichi & Hitoshi Saito (斉藤 淳一 & 仁)", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00127-00059839-00060092": "based on the show's original scores by the late Barry Gray,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00128-00060092-00060488": "starting with the iconic opening march, and meshed with a handful of original tracks...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00129-00060488-00060936": "every accompanying song possesses their convincing yet intense, spark-filled vibes -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00130-00060938-00061251": "with some ominous albeit neutral accents incorporated within.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00131-00061279-00061769": "Granted, their sense of uniqueness may eventually die out faster than a failing car battery after a while,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00132-00061769-00062287": "[in a virtual god-like tone] but at least they're better than both JUSTIN BIEBER, or NICKI FUCKIN' MINAJ COMBINED ANY DAY...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00133-00062287-00062645": "AND UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES AM I MAKING ANY APOLOGIES FOR THAT WHATSOEVER -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00134-00062646-00062983": "[back to normal] and don't disappoint in the least - including the HQ Briefing scenes;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00135-00062984-00063513": "the Continent Selection Map; Scott & Virgil's Theme - Areas 1 & 2 (US / Indian Ocean / Asia);", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00136-00063513-00063891": "Alan's Theme - US, Area 3; AND Hood's Space Station at the end;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00137-00063891-00064144": "Gordon's Theme - Indian Ocean, Areas 3 & 4;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00138-00064144-00064492": "Firefly's Theme - Asia, Areas 3 & 4; and even the Ending.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00139-00064522-00064758": "As minimal and tedious as the sound effects are,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00140-00064758-00065058": "they're at least appropriate and tolerable enough to fit the presentation", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00141-00065058-00065511": "and are extremely short of inconsequential, considering what a blatant-ass understatement I've arranged...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00142-00065511-00065616": "SHIT!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00143-00065892-00066345": "Replayability-wise - at this juncture, there's pretty much FUCK-ALL else to deliberate on...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00144-00066345-00067041": "As long as you're capable of looking past every commonly-raved-about flaw over which I'm in no position to pinpoint let alone reiterate,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00145-00067041-00067373": "including but not limited to even the generic-looking attack plane on the cover -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00146-00067373-00067567": "SHIT, FALSE ADVERTISING MUCH?!?!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00147-00067586-00068068": "and buckling down to every extreme, heinously searing mindfuck of a challenge that this game provides", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00148-00068068-00068327": "in terms of all the common shmup-tropes I always bring up;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00149-00068327-00068815": "not to mention take advantage of the fact that this was based on a popular '60s British-produced marionette series", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00150-00068815-00069549": "from the same folks responsible for Stingray / Captain Scarlet & The Mysterons / Firebird XL5 / Joe 90 / The Secret Service, what have us -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00151-00069551-00069899": "which has undergone one revamp after another in recent decades, for the record...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00152-00069899-00070347": "and has since then been providing worldwide inspiration for other media involving marionettes:", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00153-00070347-00070863": "ONCE AGAIN, I'm looking at YOU, Aerial City 008; X-Bomber aka Star Fleet; Interster;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00154-00070863-00071118": "and even the aforementioned Team America World Police -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00155-00071118-00071619": "there's no reasonable-as-shit doubt in my mind that you'll be jetting back into Thunderbirds every now and then!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00156-00076424-00076631": "Before I forget, there are OTHER Thunderbirds games...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00157-00076632-00076841": "some of which were out before AND after,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00158-00076841-00077485": "including but not limited to the GBA adaptation of the infamous 2004 Universal/Working Title live action film based on the show", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00159-00077485-00077791": "[see correction above] with Kingsley as the Hood and the late Bill Paxton as Jeff Tracy -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00160-00077791-00078136": "by the combined efforts of the also-defunct Vivendi Universal & Saffire...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00161-00081451-00081925": "a few Japan-only exclusives including one on the Super Famicom by Cobra Team of BASTARD! fame...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00162-00086726-00087082": "another on Game Boy by the combined efforts of 2 other long-since-defunct companies,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00163-00087082-00087698": "B-AI (\"B, with a hyphen, followed by an A then an I\"), and KID (Kindle Imagine Develop) of Burai Fighter;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00164-00087698-00087980": "Low G Man; G.I. Joe & G.I. Joe - The Atlantis Factor;", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00165-00087980-00088353": "Isolated Warrior; KickMaster / Sumo Fighter; Pepsiman fame...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00166-00090548-00090905": "and even a handful of European-exclusives which I won't get too damn deep into,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00167-00090905-00091416": "considering its more massive popularity within the latter-indicated starting territory as opposed to, I DON'T KNOW...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00168-00091416-00091551": "EVERYWHERE ELSE!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00169-00099018-00099323": "[♫ - Desert Strike, Main Title - composed by Ron Hubbard & Brian Schmidt]", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00170-00099441-00099653": "Henceforth, what's my final verdict?", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00171-00099653-00100066": "It should be an instant cinch by now to grasp why the late Gerry & Sylvia Anderson -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00172-00100066-00100221": "may God rest BOTH their souls -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00173-00100221-00100556": "left such a lasting impact on pop culture for more than half a century,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00174-00100556-00100841": "even leading up to their respective demises, no less...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00175-00100841-00101233": "and why many don't recommend and/or fancy this particular adaptation much!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00176-00101253-00101670": "Also, as much as I'm making every effort to avoid sounding like an absolute fucking dipshit", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00177-00101670-00102027": "by reiterating every goddamn detail I've laid out up until this point -", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00178-00102027-00102534": "I far, far beyond AND low-key suggest giving this NES rendition a jolt or 2!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00179-00102534-00102956": "Regardless of whether or not you're more than just a fan of International Rescue's neverending efforts,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00180-00102956-00103593": "if you're also an all-around, die-hard, gung-ho shmup addict like Yours Truly - AND EVEN 16-BIT HEROES' BERGESON HIMSELF,", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00181-00103593-00103816": "IN CASE HE'S WATCHING AND/OR LISTENING TO THIS...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00182-00103816-00104233": "I wouldn't even dream of so much as fucking leaving this out in the frigid-ass cold!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00183-00104263-00104783": "Whether loose or complete-in-box, it should run you approximately $16-265...", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00184-00104783-00105150": "As always, there should be no ounce of lament doing so whatsoever!", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00185-00105183-00105613": "Until then, this is the one and only Hardcore Retro God triumphantly signing off.", "jgBoi9AXbl4-00186-00108523-00108849": "[♫ - Thunderbirds Ending Jingle, composed & arranged by HIM after the late Barry Gray]"}}, {"audio_id": "jgN_ZZiVQoA", "text": {"jgN_ZZiVQoA-00000-00000170-00000420": "Yo, what's up? Happy Friday.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00001-00000420-00000629": "Hope you're having an amazing day.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00002-00000629-00000987": "And you have some fun plans for the weekend.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00003-00000987-00001440": "Today was kind of uneventful in terms of stuff to film.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00004-00001440-00001660": "So I just spent most of the day,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00005-00001660-00002130": "kind of babysitting this loan file. There's a lot of complications going on with it.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00006-00002130-00002380": "So I have to really stay on top of the borrower's,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00007-00002380-00002719": "the Realtors, and my team to make sure everybody has", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00008-00002719-00003000": "what they need and that the borrowers are submitting the proper", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00009-00003000-00003479": "documentation because it's going to take a little bit of extra effort to get this one done.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00010-00003479-00003960": "So that's what I spent most of the day working on and then,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00011-00003960-00004220": "as I was waiting for loan documents,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00012-00004220-00004800": "I actually binge-watched the entire Lewis Hamilton,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00013-00004800-00005270": "“How to Create a Winning Mindset” MasterClass and it was awesome.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00014-00005270-00005550": "So that's why I was able to binge-watch it. I think it took me", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00015-00005550-00005839": "about 4-5 hours to watch the whole thing", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00016-00005839-00006095": "as I was kind of working and with the dog", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00017-00006095-00006429": "and helping Brooke with stuff throughout the process.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00018-00006429-00006759": "So it was so beneficial.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00019-00006759-00007090": "I feel like that came into my life right at the perfect time.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00020-00007090-00007640": "He told a lot of stories about his life and his experience and stuff", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00021-00007640-00008029": "he's had to overcome to become a seven-time,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00022-00008029-00008320": "world champion of Formula 1 racing,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00023-00008320-00008750": "which is insane and what he goes through to prepare himself,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00024-00008750-00009000": "mentally and physically. And", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00025-00009000-00009740": "and it was really inspiring to listen to somebody who is not only very humble about", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00026-00009740-00009890": "what he's accomplished in life.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00027-00009890-00010359": "But what he goes through on a daily basis to prepare himself,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00028-00010359-00010579": "to perform at such a high level. I mean,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00029-00010579-00011270": "these guys are doing over 200 miles an hour in cars and having to make split decisions with 20,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00030-00011270-00011829": "other cars, I guess 19 other cars on the racetrack and there's no margin for error.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00031-00011829-00012050": "So it was really, really Cool.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00032-00012050-00012570": "Getting to see kind of a glimpse into how he carries himself,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00033-00012570-00013080": "what he does to prepare himself mentally. So if you have a MasterClass subscription,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00034-00013080-00013590": "definitely give that one a watch. If you don't have a masterclass subscription,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00035-00013590-00014150": "get one because it's awesome, and there's a ton of other value involved in it,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00036-00014150-00014419": "but this is a great place to start.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00037-00014419-00014700": "Whether you're an entrepreneur, or you're a musician,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00038-00014700-00014990": "or you're a single parent, staying at home with your kids.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00039-00014990-00015440": "It was just, it was really cool.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00040-00015440-00015730": "So definitely definitely advocate watching", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00041-00015730-00016540": "that and then switch the gears off around 5:00 or 6:00 this evening and just hung out with Brooke.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00042-00016540-00017050": "We have a little couples workbook that we've been working on every day.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00043-00017050-00017280": "So there's this book", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00044-00017280-00017730": "that's basically a year of us that we started exactly a year before the day we get married.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00045-00017730-00018000": "So we work on this book a little bit", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00046-00018000-00018307": "every day. And so we spent some time doing that,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00047-00018307-00018469": "we made dinner together.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00048-00018469-00018635": "We had a beer together", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00049-00018635-00018980": "and watched one of our guilty pleasures shows,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00050-00018980-00019290": "which is Vanderpump Rules.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00051-00019290-00019759": "So Lisa Vanderpump and Ken are definitely goals for us.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00052-00019759-00020150": "They're amazing and very successful entrepreneurs.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00053-00020150-00020430": "So we just like to get a glimpse into their", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00054-00020430-00020869": "life and also it's kind of entertaining to watch the shenanigans of all of their staff.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00055-00020869-00021219": "So, A little bit of an uneventful day,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00056-00021219-00021700": "not too much vlogging happen. It snowed today here in Denver.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00057-00021700-00022080": "So that was cool. Wasn't a whole lot of snow. So I don't really count it as a native.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00058-00022080-00022409": "It was kind of like, okay. This is the type of snow,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00059-00022409-00022859": "usually get in late September early October and it's December.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00060-00022859-00023069": "And it's barely snowed twice.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00061-00023069-00023350": "So at least we got the moisture,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00062-00023350-00023590": "the mountains, got a little bit of snow,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00063-00023590-00024000": "so I'm definitely going to get up there probably next week before", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00064-00024000-00024224": "all of the holiday traffic gets there,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00065-00024224-00024490": "but I hope that you have an amazing weekend.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00066-00024490-00024740": "I'm going to cut this video off early.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00067-00024740-00025319": "I'm gonna wake up, early F1 qualifying is at 6 a.m.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00068-00025319-00025580": "tomorrow and I want to watch this whole weekend live", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00069-00025580-00026150": "because this has been the most exciting season of Formula 1", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00070-00026150-00026589": "and the closest in points in a long time.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00071-00026589-00026989": "So I'm really invested in this season and this weekend", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00072-00026989-00027480": "is the finale. Max Verstappen and Lewis Hamilton are tied on points.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00073-00027480-00028000": "So basically, whoever finishes higher in the rankings in this race wins,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00074-00028000-00028160": "the driver's Championship.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00075-00028160-00028764": "So I want to watch it all live and they are in Abu Dhabi", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00076-00028764-00029210": "which is 7 hours ahead in the time zone.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00077-00029210-00029560": "So they're starting at like 1:00 in the afternoon", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00078-00029560-00029989": "I believe tomorrow and that's 6 a.m.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00079-00029989-00030280": "my time. So gonna get to bed early.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00080-00030280-00030580": "So I can wake up early and watch Lewis Hamilton", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00081-00030580-00030910": "apply the amazing knowledge that I learned about today,", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00082-00030910-00031410": "and I hope that he ends up on pole qualifying number one for the race.", "jgN_ZZiVQoA-00083-00031410-00032016": "So, have a great weekend. Hope you're doing well and lots of love."}}, {"audio_id": "jh3SETZgv9k", "text": {"jh3SETZgv9k-00000-00000454-00000554": "The gynaecologist replies: How do you recommend washing the intimate area and how often?", "jh3SETZgv9k-00001-00000965-00001278": "Initially, it’s important not to wash it too often.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00002-00001286-00002061": "Because if you do so too often you’ll alter the pH we mentioned.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00003-00002093-00002469": "The ideal frequency is once a day in the shower", "jh3SETZgv9k-00004-00002569-00003004": "with a gel like the one we’re presenting here today,", "jh3SETZgv9k-00005-00003006-00003382": "which should be as natural as possible so as not to alter anything.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00006-00003440-00003581": "And how to do it?", "jh3SETZgv9k-00007-00003583-00004116": "To wash properly, women should ideally go from the front backwards,", "jh3SETZgv9k-00008-00004119-00004818": "in other words, doing our utmost not to transfer the bacteria from the digestive tract,", "jh3SETZgv9k-00009-00004829-00005091": "from the area around the anus, to the front,", "jh3SETZgv9k-00010-00005094-00005487": "towards the vagina, because this might lead to infections.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00011-00005488-00005650": "Some bacteria might get dragged along.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00012-00005653-00005981": "So it’s very important to do it from the front to the back.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00013-00006052-00006279": "Feel good every day. Care for your intimate area.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00014-00006282-00006414": "Care for your flower.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00015-00006468-00006635": "Intimate sublime cleanser* Pamper yourself with sublime products that:", "jh3SETZgv9k-00016-00006637-00006792": "Rebalance the intimate pH. With beautiful fully natural female essences:", "jh3SETZgv9k-00017-00006795-00006952": "geranium, palmarosa and chaste tree. A fragrance that respects your purity.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00018-00006955-00007097": "Calms and relieves. Energetically balanced. Dermatologically and gynaecologically tested.", "jh3SETZgv9k-00019-00007230-00007634": "Beauty is light Idili Lizcano, Founder of Alqvimia"}}, {"audio_id": "jh6k2SvoyaY", "text": {"jh6k2SvoyaY-00000-00000056-00000632": "while i was sleeping, i lost two subscribers for no reason, so", "jh6k2SvoyaY-00001-00000632-00001160": "these two people must have unsubscribed at around the same time, but you should not do", "jh6k2SvoyaY-00002-00001160-00001664": "that again, ever again, and i'm gonna hit myself a thousand times for each person who doesn't…"}}, {"audio_id": "jhksLFlyxOI", "text": {"jhksLFlyxOI-00000-00000340-00000992": "NOTHING ELEGANT.", "jhksLFlyxOI-00001-00000992-00001195": "A charm a single charm is doubtful.", "jhksLFlyxOI-00002-00001195-00001882": "If the red is rose and there is a gate surrounding it, if inside", "jhksLFlyxOI-00003-00001882-00002274": "is let in and there places change then certainly something is", "jhksLFlyxOI-00004-00002274-00002374": "upright.", "jhksLFlyxOI-00005-00002374-00002421": "It is earnest."}}, {"audio_id": "jhtB6MLY8QI", "text": {"jhtB6MLY8QI-00000-00000010-00000046": "HERE'S THE OTHER FOUR.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00001-00000046-00000053": "HERE'S THE OTHER FOUR.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00002-00000053-00000186": "HERE'S THE OTHER FOUR. THEY ALL ADVANCE TO TOMORROW'S", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00003-00000186-00000193": "HERE'S THE OTHER FOUR. THEY ALL ADVANCE TO TOMORROW'S", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00004-00000193-00000226": "HERE'S THE OTHER FOUR. THEY ALL ADVANCE TO TOMORROW'S ROUND.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00005-00000226-00000233": "THEY ALL ADVANCE TO TOMORROW'S ROUND.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00006-00000233-00000346": "THEY ALL ADVANCE TO TOMORROW'S ROUND. >>> GET READY TO PUT ON THE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00007-00000346-00000353": "ROUND. >>> GET READY TO PUT ON THE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00008-00000353-00000537": "ROUND. >>> GET READY TO PUT ON THE HELMET, STRAP UP THE SHOULDER", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00009-00000537-00000543": ">>> GET READY TO PUT ON THE HELMET, STRAP UP THE SHOULDER", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00010-00000543-00000687": ">>> GET READY TO PUT ON THE HELMET, STRAP UP THE SHOULDER PADS AND LACE THOSE CLEATS CAUSE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00011-00000687-00000694": "HELMET, STRAP UP THE SHOULDER PADS AND LACE THOSE CLEATS CAUSE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00012-00000694-00000794": "HELMET, STRAP UP THE SHOULDER PADS AND LACE THOSE CLEATS CAUSE FOOTBALL IS RIGHT AROUND THE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00013-00000794-00000800": "PADS AND LACE THOSE CLEATS CAUSE FOOTBALL IS RIGHT AROUND THE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00014-00000800-00000960": "PADS AND LACE THOSE CLEATS CAUSE FOOTBALL IS RIGHT AROUND THE CORNER.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00015-00000960-00000967": "FOOTBALL IS RIGHT AROUND THE CORNER.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00016-00000967-00001084": "FOOTBALL IS RIGHT AROUND THE CORNER. NOW 19 DAYS AWAY FROM THE HIGH", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00017-00001084-00001091": "CORNER. NOW 19 DAYS AWAY FROM THE HIGH", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00018-00001091-00001211": "CORNER. NOW 19 DAYS AWAY FROM THE HIGH SCHOOL FALL SPORTS SEASON", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00019-00001211-00001217": "NOW 19 DAYS AWAY FROM THE HIGH SCHOOL FALL SPORTS SEASON", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00020-00001217-00001354": "NOW 19 DAYS AWAY FROM THE HIGH SCHOOL FALL SPORTS SEASON OFFICIALLY GETTING UNDERWAY.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00021-00001354-00001361": "SCHOOL FALL SPORTS SEASON OFFICIALLY GETTING UNDERWAY.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00022-00001361-00001561": "SCHOOL FALL SPORTS SEASON OFFICIALLY GETTING UNDERWAY. BUT BEFORE THE FIRST PRACTICE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00023-00001561-00001568": "OFFICIALLY GETTING UNDERWAY. BUT BEFORE THE FIRST PRACTICE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00024-00001568-00001671": "OFFICIALLY GETTING UNDERWAY. BUT BEFORE THE FIRST PRACTICE HITS THE GRASS AND WHISTLES", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00025-00001671-00001678": "BUT BEFORE THE FIRST PRACTICE HITS THE GRASS AND WHISTLES", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00026-00001678-00001848": "BUT BEFORE THE FIRST PRACTICE HITS THE GRASS AND WHISTLES BLOW, THE LUMBERJACKS ARE TAKING", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00027-00001848-00001855": "HITS THE GRASS AND WHISTLES BLOW, THE LUMBERJACKS ARE TAKING", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00028-00001855-00002035": "HITS THE GRASS AND WHISTLES BLOW, THE LUMBERJACKS ARE TAKING ADVANTAGE OF TEAM CAMPS AND", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00029-00002035-00002042": "BLOW, THE LUMBERJACKS ARE TAKING ADVANTAGE OF TEAM CAMPS AND", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00030-00002042-00002178": "BLOW, THE LUMBERJACKS ARE TAKING ADVANTAGE OF TEAM CAMPS AND SEVEN-ON-SEVENS THIS SUMMER TO", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00031-00002178-00002185": "ADVANTAGE OF TEAM CAMPS AND SEVEN-ON-SEVENS THIS SUMMER TO", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00032-00002185-00002342": "ADVANTAGE OF TEAM CAMPS AND SEVEN-ON-SEVENS THIS SUMMER TO HELP GET READY FOR 2017.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00033-00002342-00002349": "SEVEN-ON-SEVENS THIS SUMMER TO HELP GET READY FOR 2017.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00034-00002349-00002512": "SEVEN-ON-SEVENS THIS SUMMER TO HELP GET READY FOR 2017. THIS MORNING WAS THE LAST", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00035-00002512-00002519": "HELP GET READY FOR 2017. THIS MORNING WAS THE LAST", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00036-00002519-00002679": "HELP GET READY FOR 2017. THIS MORNING WAS THE LAST MEETING FOR THE SKILL PLAYERS,", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00037-00002679-00002686": "THIS MORNING WAS THE LAST MEETING FOR THE SKILL PLAYERS,", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00038-00002686-00002819": "THIS MORNING WAS THE LAST MEETING FOR THE SKILL PLAYERS, AND THIS WEEKEND'S TEAM CAMP AT", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00039-00002819-00002826": "MEETING FOR THE SKILL PLAYERS, AND THIS WEEKEND'S TEAM CAMP AT", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00040-00002826-00002932": "MEETING FOR THE SKILL PLAYERS, AND THIS WEEKEND'S TEAM CAMP AT BSU WILL WRAP UP THE SUMMER", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00041-00002932-00002939": "AND THIS WEEKEND'S TEAM CAMP AT BSU WILL WRAP UP THE SUMMER", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00042-00002939-00003079": "AND THIS WEEKEND'S TEAM CAMP AT BSU WILL WRAP UP THE SUMMER WORKOUTS.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00043-00003079-00003086": "BSU WILL WRAP UP THE SUMMER WORKOUTS.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00044-00003086-00003193": "BSU WILL WRAP UP THE SUMMER WORKOUTS. HEAD COACH TROY HENDRICKS SAYS", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00045-00003193-00003199": "WORKOUTS. HEAD COACH TROY HENDRICKS SAYS", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00046-00003199-00003346": "WORKOUTS. HEAD COACH TROY HENDRICKS SAYS THE OFFSEASON IS EXTREMELY", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00047-00003346-00003353": "HEAD COACH TROY HENDRICKS SAYS THE OFFSEASON IS EXTREMELY", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00048-00003353-00003490": "HEAD COACH TROY HENDRICKS SAYS THE OFFSEASON IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT FOR LEARNING THE XS", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00049-00003490-00003496": "THE OFFSEASON IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT FOR LEARNING THE XS", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00050-00003496-00003633": "THE OFFSEASON IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT FOR LEARNING THE XS AND OS, ESPECIALLY WITH A", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00051-00003633-00003640": "IMPORTANT FOR LEARNING THE XS AND OS, ESPECIALLY WITH A", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00052-00003640-00003780": "IMPORTANT FOR LEARNING THE XS AND OS, ESPECIALLY WITH A YOUTHFUL SQUAD HEADING INTO THE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00053-00003780-00003787": "AND OS, ESPECIALLY WITH A YOUTHFUL SQUAD HEADING INTO THE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00054-00003787-00004077": "AND OS, ESPECIALLY WITH A YOUTHFUL SQUAD HEADING INTO THE FIRST GAME.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00055-00004077-00004084": "YOUTHFUL SQUAD HEADING INTO THE FIRST GAME.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00056-00004084-00004274": "YOUTHFUL SQUAD HEADING INTO THE FIRST GAME. >> WITH THE LACK OF EXPERIENCE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00057-00004274-00004280": "FIRST GAME. >> WITH THE LACK OF EXPERIENCE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00058-00004280-00004511": "FIRST GAME. >> WITH THE LACK OF EXPERIENCE THAT WE HAVE IN THE YOUTHFULNESS", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00059-00004511-00004517": ">> WITH THE LACK OF EXPERIENCE THAT WE HAVE IN THE YOUTHFULNESS", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00060-00004517-00004657": ">> WITH THE LACK OF EXPERIENCE THAT WE HAVE IN THE YOUTHFULNESS THAT WE'RE GOING TO PLAY WITH", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00061-00004657-00004664": "THAT WE HAVE IN THE YOUTHFULNESS THAT WE'RE GOING TO PLAY WITH", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00062-00004664-00004908": "THAT WE HAVE IN THE YOUTHFULNESS THAT WE'RE GOING TO PLAY WITH THIS YEAR ON OFFENSE AND DEFENSE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00063-00004908-00004914": "THAT WE'RE GOING TO PLAY WITH THIS YEAR ON OFFENSE AND DEFENSE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00064-00004914-00005175": "THAT WE'RE GOING TO PLAY WITH THIS YEAR ON OFFENSE AND DEFENSE ESPECIALLY, THESE ARE VITAL FOR", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00065-00005175-00005181": "THIS YEAR ON OFFENSE AND DEFENSE ESPECIALLY, THESE ARE VITAL FOR", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00066-00005181-00005338": "THIS YEAR ON OFFENSE AND DEFENSE ESPECIALLY, THESE ARE VITAL FOR US TO, ONE, LEARN.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00067-00005338-00005345": "ESPECIALLY, THESE ARE VITAL FOR US TO, ONE, LEARN.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00068-00005345-00005512": "ESPECIALLY, THESE ARE VITAL FOR US TO, ONE, LEARN. START TO FEEL COMFORTABLE.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00069-00005512-00005518": "US TO, ONE, LEARN. START TO FEEL COMFORTABLE.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00070-00005518-00005702": "US TO, ONE, LEARN. START TO FEEL COMFORTABLE. AND WHEN YOU'RE COMFORTABLE AND", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00071-00005702-00005709": "START TO FEEL COMFORTABLE. AND WHEN YOU'RE COMFORTABLE AND", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00072-00005709-00005835": "START TO FEEL COMFORTABLE. AND WHEN YOU'RE COMFORTABLE AND YOU START TO DEVELOP A LITTLE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00073-00005835-00005842": "AND WHEN YOU'RE COMFORTABLE AND YOU START TO DEVELOP A LITTLE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00074-00005842-00005882": "AND WHEN YOU'RE COMFORTABLE AND YOU START TO DEVELOP A LITTLE CONFIDENCE.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00075-00005882-00005889": "YOU START TO DEVELOP A LITTLE CONFIDENCE.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00076-00005889-00005985": "YOU START TO DEVELOP A LITTLE CONFIDENCE. RIGHT NOW THAT'S WHAT WE'RE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00077-00005985-00005992": "CONFIDENCE. RIGHT NOW THAT'S WHAT WE'RE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00078-00005992-00006152": "CONFIDENCE. RIGHT NOW THAT'S WHAT WE'RE GOING THROUGH.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00079-00006152-00006159": "RIGHT NOW THAT'S WHAT WE'RE GOING THROUGH.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00080-00006159-00006359": "RIGHT NOW THAT'S WHAT WE'RE GOING THROUGH. SO WHEN WE GET TO AUGUST 14th,", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00081-00006359-00006366": "GOING THROUGH. SO WHEN WE GET TO AUGUST 14th,", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00082-00006366-00006513": "GOING THROUGH. SO WHEN WE GET TO AUGUST 14th, THE KIDS SHOULD FEEL A LITTLE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00083-00006513-00006519": "SO WHEN WE GET TO AUGUST 14th, THE KIDS SHOULD FEEL A LITTLE", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00084-00006519-00006579": "SO WHEN WE GET TO AUGUST 14th, THE KIDS SHOULD FEEL A LITTLE MORE COMFORTABLE.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00085-00006579-00006586": "THE KIDS SHOULD FEEL A LITTLE MORE COMFORTABLE.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00086-00006586-00006783": "THE KIDS SHOULD FEEL A LITTLE MORE COMFORTABLE. WHEN IT COMES TO FIRST GAME,", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00087-00006783-00006790": "MORE COMFORTABLE. WHEN IT COMES TO FIRST GAME,", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00088-00006790-00006946": "MORE COMFORTABLE. WHEN IT COMES TO FIRST GAME, HOPEFULLY THEY FEEL COMFORTABLE,", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00089-00006946-00006953": "WHEN IT COMES TO FIRST GAME, HOPEFULLY THEY FEEL COMFORTABLE,", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00090-00006953-00007140": "WHEN IT COMES TO FIRST GAME, HOPEFULLY THEY FEEL COMFORTABLE, KNOW THEIR ASSIGNMENTS SO THEY", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00091-00007140-00007147": "HOPEFULLY THEY FEEL COMFORTABLE, KNOW THEIR ASSIGNMENTS SO THEY", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00092-00007147-00007290": "HOPEFULLY THEY FEEL COMFORTABLE, KNOW THEIR ASSIGNMENTS SO THEY CAN PLAY FAST.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00093-00007290-00007297": "KNOW THEIR ASSIGNMENTS SO THEY CAN PLAY FAST.", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00094-00007297-00007397": "KNOW THEIR ASSIGNMENTS SO THEY CAN PLAY FAST. >>Collin:  HERE ARE THE JACKS", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00095-00007397-00007404": "CAN PLAY FAST. >>Collin:  HERE ARE THE JACKS", "jhtB6MLY8QI-00096-00007404-00007420": "CAN PLAY FAST. >>Collin:  HERE ARE THE JACKS SCHEDULE."}}, {"audio_id": "jirljEQ6c0u", "text": {"jirljEQ6c0u-00000-00000000-00000050": "Please subscribe our channel", "jirljEQ6c0u-00001-00000050-00000100": "Please subscribe our channel", "jirljEQ6c0u-00002-00000100-00000150": "Please subscribe our channel", "jirljEQ6c0u-00003-00000150-00000200": "Please subscribe our channel", "jirljEQ6c0u-00004-00000229-00000430": "Please subscribe our channel", "jirljEQ6c0u-00015-00001676-00001876": "Please subscribe our channel", "jirljEQ6c0u-00018-00002276-00002476": "Please subscribe our channel"}}, {"audio_id": "jiE_MjcX3sU", "text": {"jiE_MjcX3sU-00000-00000000-00000947": "Welcome to the Business Library. I'm Melissa Johnson and this video will demonstrate how to search for international companies in ...", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00001-00000947-00001006": "Factiva.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00002-00001024-00001624": "From the Business Library's homepage, click on Business Databases in the middle.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00003-00001632-00002358": "You will be taken to an alphabetical list. Choose the letter F and then Factiva.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00004-00002368-00003151": "From the top menu, hover over Companies/Markets and choose Company from the dropdown menu.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00005-00003164-00003684": "In the Smart Lookup box, type in Qantas.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00006-00003684-00004107": "Select Qantas Airways Limited from the list of choices.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00007-00004108-00005126": "Here you will find a Company Snapshot. Note that the ticker symbol for Qantas is jXQAN. You can find stock ...", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00008-00005126-00005301": "price information,", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00009-00005324-00005570": "a business description,", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00010-00005572-00005831": "industry codes", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00011-00005832-00006107": "key executives and financials", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00012-00006108-00007103": "of special interest is the Business Segment information, which breaks down the company into its top 5 high performing segments, ...", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00013-00007103-00007253": "or operating areas.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00014-00007272-00007677": "Below that you will find recent news for your company.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00015-00007680-00008549": "Followed by its peer group, which are a list of ten companies close in sales revenue within that same industry.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00016-00008549-00008951": "In other words, your company's closest competitors.", "jiE_MjcX3sU-00017-00008968-00009788": "As always, if you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact your Business Library for more information."}}, {"audio_id": "jiJYMdNk9UQ", "text": {"jiJYMdNk9UQ-00000-00001456-00001714": "Now that we have the camera in place,", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00001-00001714-00002034": "it's time to add some lights.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00002-00002072-00002996": "I'm just going little bit of detail here because we are going to play around with Sun as the light sources here.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00003-00003040-00003482": "This is what we have not done in the previous course probably.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00004-00003542-00004188": "Here you can see how Blender helps you in getting the realistic features in place, okay.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00005-00004212-00004844": "So the room is so nice and has a good window, so the designer thought that the light should be", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00006-00004844-00005296": "sunlight which is coming directly from the window and falling somewhere near the bed.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00007-00005316-00006098": "So that the customer gets the impression in a very nice manner, okay.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00008-00006098-00006628": "So to do that we have to place the Sun, we are in the camera view right now let us go", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00009-00006628-00007494": "to the top view and let us place a Sun in the top view itself but outside the window.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00010-00007522-00008222": "Once you place that you know how to modify the angle and particular direction of it,", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00011-00008222-00008970": "but remember that the direction of the Sun rays should be towards the bed so that", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00012-00008974-00009656": "we get a nice particular shadow and light drama there probably, okay.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00013-00009656-00010188": "So we are using the front view and a top view toggling between these two views", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00014-00010196-00010944": "in order to get the direction right and it should just, so imagine that like a 4 o'clock or a 5 o'clock", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00015-00010944-00011510": "type of a Sun which is getting a kind of a slant lighting inside.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00016-00011516-00012190": "So that should be very ideal in terms of the mood what the designer is planning to have", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00017-00012190-00012788": "and with the window having those rods in between probably it will look even more beautiful.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00018-00012789-00012929": "Let's see how it looks like.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00019-00012929-00013428": "Now that we are happy with the position of the Sun it is time to set the properties", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00020-00013428-00014013": "and like I said because we have not tried with Sun I am just going to talk about that little bit.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00021-00014030-00015316": "So in this properties of the lamp called Sun just, first of all, select the sky button", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00022-00015316-00015938": "and enable the sky because we want the windows to show the sky outside.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00023-00015938-00016682": "Secondly, there is a drop-down next to that showing classic or desert or I think mountain", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00024-00016682-00017172": "or something, right now we will just keep it classic because we don't, we know that this is", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00025-00017172-00017704": "not in a desert or it's not in a very mountainous areas the sky depends on that actually but", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00026-00017704-00018051": "just forget it right now you can try out but that's okay.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00027-00018108-00018798": "In addition, go down and select the atmospheric, atmosphere button also because that will add", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00028-00018798-00019307": "some kind of a realistic effect to it and finally the most important thing instead of", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00029-00019307-00019842": "the no shadow button which is by default selected select on the ray shadow right now.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00030-00019886-00020540": "Once you are done with this just press F12 and see what's the effect, okay.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00031-00020546-00021254": "So now you get a room which has kind of a very dim sunlight coming may be late in the evening", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00032-00021254-00021792": "and looks very gloomy right now which is what we don't want this so much of darkness is not what you want.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00033-00021856-00022484": "But because Blender render only does this much we need to do and let me tell you", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00034-00022484-00023078": "increasing the energy of Sun won't help it because the light is not getting bounced off from anywhere", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00035-00023078-00023348": "we need to actually add additional lights here.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00036-00023364-00024154": "So just go ahead and add couple of lights you can play around with the Sun another Sun", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00037-00024154-00024710": "basically because and that should be from the other side, so that the room gets lit up properly.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00038-00024832-00025792": "Remember to manage the particular energy of the other light sources so that this particular", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00039-00025792-00026400": "sun ray effect which we want actually to keep in our design is not compromised at any point.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00040-00026400-00027452": "Okay, before adding lights just go to the world properties menu and switch on that first of all and then", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00041-00027452-00028283": "click new, in that particular list go to the button which talks about ambient occlusion", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00042-00028283-00028922": "and there just tick mark that right now and also the environmental lighting button.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00043-00028922-00029612": "So, if you put those two things on what it does is that it will add the realistic effect", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00044-00029612-00030238": "to the whole room because we are going to render it and we want it to look real.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00045-00030254-00030482": "So these two things will just help you.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00046-00030482-00030986": "Now you can see that the light is slightly spreading and that is because of the occlusion", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00047-00030986-00031566": "which is happening and the environmental setting which we just switched on because of that", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00048-00031566-00032418": "we can see is slight deviation of the light in the nearby areas but still, you agree that is not just enough for us.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00049-00032448-00033134": "Let's just add a couple of more lights. I'll just do that you can pause the video and just", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00050-00033134-00033336": "come back after you are done with it.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00051-00033842-00034590": "Okay, welcome back, this is what I have reached so far the room looks lit up now,", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00052-00034598-00035136": "we can see the objects at least obviously you can do much better than this and you can keep trying.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00053-00035136-00035740": "This is the rendered view I'll just escape and go to my 3D view and from the top,", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00054-00035742-00036376": "I can show you that the lights which have been added are the area light right now we have just", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00055-00036376-00036886": "added a couple of more lights but basically, these lights are area lights.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00056-00036934-00037528": "You can just keep changing the settings in order to get the perfect result you want to.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00057-00037528-00038064": "In fact, you can try out with changing the colour of the sunlight so that if it is looking too yellow", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00058-00038064-00038618": "right now, you can just change the colour of the sunlight and make it whitish", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00059-00038618-00039064": "so that the entire cast of yellow which is slightly disturbing can just go away.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00060-00039118-00039628": "But, yeah, it's up to you how you want to do that so I am not going to get into that.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00061-00039712-00040444": "Coming back to the scene where we want to go towards the finishing line is the hurdle", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00062-00040444-00041160": "of assigning the materials to the object because everything right now looks the typical blender gray right now", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00063-00041160-00041358": "and we want them to be colourful.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00064-00041450-00042054": "So let's just get started in doing that particular task of assigning materials.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00065-00042100-00042482": "You all know this already so I am not going to spend much time on this.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00066-00042542-00043258": "Just select a object, right now let me say example of a bed probably.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00067-00043258-00043649": "So I'm just going to select the bed.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00068-00043649-00044376": "So in the bed, I just want it in a very dark brown colour.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00069-00044386-00045102": "So I'll just go to the materials panel and I'll add new and once I've done that", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00070-00045108-00045948": "in the diffuse I will select darkish burgundy or brown colour for particular finish I want to,", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00071-00045982-00046698": "I think I am happy with this and once I press that colour and I render this", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00072-00046698-00047092": "I can see that this particular thing is now brown.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00073-00047188-00047852": "Similarly, I can keep doing for rest of the objects and again I am saying I will pause the video here", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00074-00047862-00048544": "you guys can go and just do it yourself and come back to see the final rendered scene.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00075-00049096-00049698": "Okay, welcome back, I hope you guys have been able to get this thing done", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00076-00049744-00050100": "and here is what we were able to do in the meantime.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00077-00050132-00050940": "You can see that everything is coloured now with appropriate whatever colours were suggested by the designer right now.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00078-00050990-00051607": "However, there could be some different designers which will ask us for different requirements", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00079-00051607-00052097": "and you know how to apply materials and textures already.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00080-00052098-00052779": "So you can basically go ahead and suffice with all these kind of experiments which you can see right now.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00081-00052779-00053302": "So even this ABCD whatever options you want to create can be done.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00082-00053352-00054079": "Same can happen with the camera angles, and lighting, or the mood of lighting, or the time of the day,", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00083-00054114-00054310": "all such things are variables.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00084-00054378-00055048": "The carpet is one such example of something which you already know how to select particular faces and", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00085-00055048-00055440": "apply different colours, textures or materials to it.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00086-00055440-00055900": "So you have done all this, so I am, that is a reason I am not going in much of detail.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00087-00055900-00056494": "So with this, I think we come to this end of the session where we have successfully", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00088-00056494-00057344": "created finally the room of the requirement given to us by the interior decorator or the architect.", "jiJYMdNk9UQ-00089-00057410-00057594": "Till then thank you very much."}}, {"audio_id": "jiKtrEd8L_y", "text": {"jiKtrEd8L_y-00000-00000006-00000264": "Hey, did you know there was a Lucifera?", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00001-00000264-00000576": "Lucifera, as in Lucifer but with an “A”, at the end.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00002-00000576-00000842": "And she’s even ruled Hell for a time.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00003-00000842-00001134": "But she’s nothing to do with Lucifer.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00004-00001134-00001357": "Thus we’re going to talk about Hecate.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00005-00002832-00003230": "Hecate is a deity dealing with lots of things, and has many titles:", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00006-00003230-00003588": "Sovereign of the Dark Kingdom, of crossroads, of Shadows,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00007-00003588-00003997": "lunar deity, maritime, of Magic, and so on.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00008-00003997-00004134": "A beautiful mess.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00009-00004134-00004434": "She’s the daughter of Perses, titan of Destruction,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00010-00004434-00004884": "and Asteria, titanide of the starry night and of nocturnal oracles.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00011-00004884-00005100": "Does it make her a Titan?", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00012-00005100-00005333": "Some say yes, others no.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00013-00005333-00005653": "Zeus too has titanic parents, but it does not make him a titan,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00014-00005653-00005772": "he is a god", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00015-00005772-00005982": "Anyway, during Titanomachy,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00016-00005982-00006217": "the War that opposed Titans to Gods,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00017-00006217-00006537": "Hecate did not side with Titans but with Gods.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00018-00006537-00007004": "During this battle, she even crushed the giant Clytius with a mass,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00019-00007004-00007366": "created to absorb Hecate’s magic and defeat her.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00020-00007366-00007679": "Etymologically, her name corresponds to the number hundred,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00021-00007679-00008025": "she’d apparently been offered 100 victims at one time.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00022-00008025-00008320": "By the way, her name composes a word, hecatomb.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00023-00008320-00008631": "but in Greece during Antiquity,It nowadays means the death of numerous animals and humans", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00024-00008631-00008817": "even though humans are animals of course.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00025-00008817-00009014": "But in Greece during Antiquity,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00026-00009014-00009354": "hecatomb meant sacrificing a hundred beefs.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00027-00009354-00009458": "Another belief,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00028-00009458-00009884": "it is said that the Goddess keeps the souls of bodies deprived of sepulchre for a hundred year.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00029-00009884-00010327": "She’s taken with affection by Zeus, and is given many titles and powers.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00030-00010327-00010522": "Knowing him, he only wants to have his way,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00031-00010522-00010691": "but she won't let it go !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00032-00010691-00010952": "By the way, she’ll remain a virgin all her life!", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00033-00010952-00011241": "A whole life without the pleasure of sex...", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00034-00011241-00011381": "What a living hell !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00035-00011381-00011763": "She thus becomes the protector goddess of famous speakers in assemblies,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00036-00011763-00012087": "she gives victory to warriors, protects hunters,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00037-00012087-00012385": "remains by the kings’ side at the court of justice,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00038-00012385-00012727": "supports athletes, guides navigators at seas,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00039-00012727-00013224": "ensures babies’ growth and multiplication of herds with Hermes.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00040-00013224-00013394": "Exetera, Exetera.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00041-00013394-00013755": "More generally, she has power over earth, air and water,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00042-00013755-00013829": "but not exclusively !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00043-00013829-00014081": "She’s also one of the three lunar deities!", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00044-00014081-00014266": "Artemis is the crescent moon,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00045-00014266-00014409": "Selene the full moon,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00046-00014409-00014643": "and Hecate the new moon.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00047-00014643-00014859": "Speaking about three, she has many forms,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00048-00014859-00015173": "one of them being that of a woman’s body having three heads,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00049-00015173-00015610": "one of a  dog, one of a lion or a boar, and one of a horse,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00050-00015610-00015955": "and that corresponds to three phases of the vital evolution :", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00051-00015955-00016267": "Growth, Degrowth and Disappearance", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00052-00016267-00016605": "due to her being related to the fertility cult as well.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00053-00016605-00017197": "Even though I don’t see the link between animals and fertility or vital evolution.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00054-00017197-00017501": "It is also said that she’s the goddess protecting health,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00055-00017501-00017802": "and similarities can also be found with what I’ve just said,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00056-00017802-00018300": "where her three faces correspond to birth, vitality and death.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00057-00018300-00018565": "Each of her heads have a name and a function by the way.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00058-00018565-00018749": "Lucine watches over babies,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00059-00018749-00018907": "Diane over good health", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00060-00018907-00019081": "and Hecate over death.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00061-00019081-00019547": "Hecate is also the goddess of crossroads and intersections with three roads,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00062-00019547-00019931": "where she is worshipped, statues at her image are erected,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00063-00019931-00020372": "and once a month are hold celebrations at Athens called hecatesia,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00064-00020372-00020796": "where great feasts were hold, but also sacrifices in her honor :", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00065-00020796-00021149": "dogs, goats and black lambs sacrifices,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00066-00021149-00021450": "for families and children’s protection.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00067-00021450-00021737": "But she’s the goddess of crossroads for a reason,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00068-00021737-00022135": "she’s said to link sky and earth with the Underworld.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00069-00022135-00022314": "And the Underworld, she knows it well,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00070-00022314-00022423": "she even lived in there !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00071-00022423-00022906": "Because, before Pluto/Hades kidnapped Proserpina/Persephone,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00072-00022906-00023069": "she was Pluto’s mate !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00073-00023069-00023394": "By the way, she was there during Proserpine’s kidnapping,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00074-00023394-00023595": "and helped her mother, Demeter,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00075-00023595-00023887": "by lighting her path with a torch,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00076-00023887-00024137": "giving her the name \"Lucifera\"", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00077-00024137-00024328": "because what does Lucifer mean ?", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00078-00024328-00024505": "Carrier of Light !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00079-00024505-00024773": "Well mostly Carrier of Torch here,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00080-00024773-00024952": "also called Lampadephoria,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00081-00024952-00025226": "which is why she’s often represented with a torch.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00082-00025226-00025476": "She thus was the Queen of the Underworld !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00083-00025476-00025814": "Easier to understand why she is the Goddess of shadows and of the dead as well !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00084-00025814-00026032": "An evolution can be observed with her,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00085-00026032-00026406": "she was a rather good deity, we mostly saw her good sides,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00086-00026406-00026652": "but I feel like she had a few teenage crisis,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00087-00026652-00026849": "that she went through an emo-gothic phase.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00088-00026849-00027276": "She wears a snake headdress, a sword and a whip,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00089-00027276-00027588": "and her infernal procession is consists in black dogs,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00090-00027588-00027914": "lampades, chthonian nymphs holding torches,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00091-00027914-00028170": "hey come indeed from the word floor lamp", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00092-00028170-00028585": "The Lamp Post, was meeeeeee !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00093-00028585-00028888": "a well as Erinyes, also known as Furies,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00094-00028888-00029075": "vengeful goddesses.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00095-00029075-00029291": "She does not so nice things,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00096-00029291-00029547": "things like invoking ghosts or Empusa,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00097-00029547-00029822": "female vampire spirits that we have already seen in a previous episode,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00098-00029822-00030123": "in order to torment humans.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00099-00030123-00030330": "She also finds fun in inducing nightmares.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00100-00030330-00030419": "Very very nice.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00101-00030419-00030822": "By the way, are called Hecatees some big specter apparitions.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00102-00030822-00031000": "And she’s also a magician !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00103-00031000-00031337": "She was also called on for her powers to practice sorcery,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00104-00031337-00031560": "and she taught it to whomever wanted so.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00105-00031560-00031804": "Be it for good or evil !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00106-00031804-00032262": "She is the one who send monsters and demons on Earth that magicians invoked,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00107-00032262-00032450": "because she possesses the infernal realm key.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00108-00032450-00032526": "Useful !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00109-00032526-00032958": "Circe the magician chose to do evil by using Hecate’s powers,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00110-00032958-00033255": "and transformed Scylla the nymph into a monster,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00111-00033255-00033404": "for the sake of jealousy,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00112-00033404-00033649": "because the god she loves, Glaucos, sea god,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00113-00033649-00033788": "prefers the nymph.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00114-00033788-00034224": "And I may have found the origins of the cats accompanying witches,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00115-00034224-00034442": "because she made a cat her companion !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00116-00034442-00034666": "Well okay, at first it was a servant", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00117-00034666-00034913": "that has been transformed by the Moires and Ilithye,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00118-00034913-00035084": "the Goddess of Childbirth.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00119-00035084-00035400": "By pity, Hecate made her her emissary.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00120-00035400-00035742": "So if Hecate, the Magician Goddess, had a cat,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00121-00035742-00036027": "it is not so surprising that in the collective mind,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00122-00036027-00036291": "we’ve associated cats with Magicians !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00123-00036291-00036449": "Hmm, Witches and cats,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00124-00036449-00036774": "thanks to the Church, due to magic being always seen as evil.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00125-00036774-00037227": "She also has a symbol representing her and used in certain practices of wiccans’ witches !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00126-00037227-00037371": "The wheel of Hecate !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00127-00037371-00037483": "But it does not represent a wheel,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00128-00037483-00037695": "but a crossing with three branches!", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00129-00037695-00037991": "Symbol of the different trinities of Hecate!", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00130-00037991-00038261": "New moon, crescent moon and full moon,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00131-00038261-00038480": "or also among feminists’ traditions:", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00132-00038480-00038753": "the young girl, the mother, the old woman.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00133-00038753-00038954": "Here it is ! A rather badass demoness right !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00134-00038954-00039119": "I hope you’ll have liked it!", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00135-00039119-00039309": "I think I’m doomed,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00136-00039309-00039478": "I won’t have any trial obviously,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00137-00039478-00039652": "so I’m going to need a lawyer,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00138-00039652-00039936": "but if you want to participate in my funding,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00139-00039936-00040042": "don’t hesitate.", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00140-00040042-00040387": "On this, please like, comment, subscribe and turn on the notifications to follow my adventures,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00141-00040387-00040594": "share the video as much as possible,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00142-00040594-00040729": "and on this I tell you,", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00143-00040788-00040870": "see you next time !", "jiKtrEd8L_y-00144-00040952-00041035": "Maybe..."}}, {"audio_id": "jiZvGaJYSlE", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "jjcgcNE9xTg", "text": {"jjcgcNE9xTg-00000-00000296-00000936": "so I'm Nate angel I'm calling to you from Portland Oregon today and um this is the kickoff session", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00001-00000936-00001440": "of the open learning journey track at myfest22 really excited uh to kick off", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00002-00001440-00001992": "this track with these fine people um and I'm joined here today by uh my", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00003-00001992-00002512": "uh co-lead Remi Kalir who already introduced himself and I'm going to ask him to do it one", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00004-00002512-00002984": "more time for the recording sake and then we're going to meet our conversants today", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00005-00003072-00003832": "Remy say hello to the folks hey greetings all again briefly I'm Remi Kalir joining you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00006-00003832-00004608": "from Denver Colorado also the ancestral homelands of the Cheyenne Arapaho and youth people I'm an", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00007-00004608-00005168": "associate professor at the university of Colorado Denver and really excited to join everyone in", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00008-00005168-00005784": "conversation today as we explore open learning and broadly contribute to the MYFest community", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00009-00005856-00006608": "good to be here thanks everyone great and so I'd like to um actually um have us take", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00010-00006608-00007264": "a moment to before we actually um introduce our conversants and and get started with the program", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00011-00007264-00007984": "I'd like us to just take a moment and um spend a couple of minutes um having a short conversation", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00012-00008056-00008744": "with um someone else in your uh in a breakout room actually because we're we're ending up we've got", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00013-00008744-00009288": "actually 18 folks here so far today and so that's that's started to be quite a crowd and so I'm just", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00014-00009288-00010184": "gonna um send us away in pairs to breakout rooms um uh so for about five minutes and I have this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00015-00010184-00010632": "prompt for you you don't have to answer it I'm gonna put it into the chat as well oops", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00016-00010784-00011608": "as soon as I um as I move it from my window um and this is a prompt to just get us started on the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00017-00011608-00012336": "idea of um thinking about opening uh in this track we're thinking of opening primarily as a verb", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00018-00012392-00012800": "but um I thought it might be interesting and fun for us to get to know each other a little bit by", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00019-00012800-00013536": "first thinking of it as a um as a noun and so if you could look around your space right now", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00020-00013536-00013872": "and find an opening it could be an opening of any kind it could be a door a window it could", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00021-00013872-00014319": "be a small container it could be the bottom of your coffee cup who knows what you'll see", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00022-00014319-00014736": "um and prepare that and think about it for a minute and then i'm going to send you all", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00023-00014736-00015136": "to a breakout room just for a few minutes uh and you'll go away you'll be randomly", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00024-00015136-00015616": "assigned to someone else uh and have that conversation sharing what you you have seen", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00025-00015616-00016072": "through your openings with each other and then you'll come back and we'll start the real program", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00026-00016072-00016624": "so now well it's not the real program right how many minutes how many minutes do we have i was", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00027-00016624-00017288": "gonna uh send people away for for five minutes does that seem right Maha that sounds good okay", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00028-00017592-00018040": "so i hope everyone had a um a great time in their breakout rooms", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00029-00018208-00018848": "and i just wanna mention a few other folks have joined um in the interim and uh no i gave a great", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00030-00018848-00019328": "answer didn't have time to go to a breakout room but they said that uh i think they were looking", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00031-00019328-00019800": "out a window and they and they they looked out the window and they said that they saw through that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00032-00019800-00020424": "window the future which i think is a great answer i hope you you all found great answers as well", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00033-00020560-00021192": "so um possibly we all know each or we know someone new or maybe we got to connect with an old friend", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00034-00021192-00021880": "and so i want to move to the next moment in our conversation here today which is to um spend", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00035-00021880-00022424": "a little bit of time just getting to know the conversants that we've gathered here to have this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00036-00022424-00023288": "conversation and uh it's interesting that all the conversants had um had last or family names that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00037-00023288-00023776": "were at the very beginning of the alphabet and so I've organized them alphabetically by family name", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00038-00023832-00024264": "but there wasn't it wasn't very much of the alphabet actually so it was sort of funny to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00039-00024264-00025168": "me um and so I thought I'd start off by um asking Tutaleni to um tell us a little bit about his work", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00040-00025168-00025920": "with open education you can see his biography there on the screen but Tutaleni um can you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00041-00026064-00026424": "can you speak a little bit about your experience with open education and help", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00042-00026424-00027216": "folks understand your journey in open education absolutely thank you Nate and hello everybody", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00043-00027216-00027864": "great to be here with you all um you know the the first rather the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00044-00027927-00028456": "the organization by alphabet for me when I was in grade school always meant that I could never", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00045-00028456-00029039": "get away with not doing my homework because my teacher had a habit of going by alphabetical order", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00046-00029200-00030200": "so I always had to at least try to be prepared um so I my journey through um open education I think", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00047-00030200-00031144": "my journey around open education has really been uh much more uh around notions of representations", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00048-00031327-00031864": "and and that's sort of how i come to this event from my background in communication and media", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00049-00031864-00032792": "studies ideas of who's not who whose story is not being told the whole story is being told by", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00050-00032792-00033320": "by whom um so i got excited about open education because i thought that was", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00051-00033416-00034128": "a way for me to center my africanness through the literature that is being produced being", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00052-00034128-00034880": "able to tell stories from my standpoint and to really be able to get more people to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00053-00034984-00035520": "engage in representing and telling their own stories the way that they want to be", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00054-00035520-00036080": "they want to be heard and i've done that through working with different people around", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00055-00036248-00036904": "whether it's you know i i have an open access book where i work with students to write", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00056-00037000-00037464": "based on what they learn in that class and they're always writing the book for the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00057-00037464-00037984": "next class that comes after that and it's a continually iterative process and so on", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00058-00038056-00038784": "but for me i've always said that my i come to the open conversation in terms of just", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00059-00038968-00039424": "yearning for seeing more voices that are not necessarily in established text", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00060-00039608-00040352": "rather than so let me stop there before i babble on for the rest of the hours", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00061-00040352-00040944": "but thank you good to be with everybody oh thank you so much Tutaleni um I also kind of approached", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00062-00040944-00041456": "things from media studies and so uh I didn't know that about you and I'm really glad to learn", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00063-00041560-00042168": "that that was your path next up moving to the b's in the alphabet yes we're alphabetically", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00064-00042168-00042744": "non-diverse here in our family names um I I also am at the at the beginning of the alphabet", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00065-00042744-00043168": "um Catherine Conan's mentioned that she's never been last in any list before so this is maybe your", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00066-00043168-00043856": "first time for that so Maha Bali who's been such an amazing organizer of this um MyFest event along", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00067-00043856-00044304": "with Mia Zamora who's also here um and so many other people in this cast of thousands has put", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00068-00044304-00045080": "this on Maha would you uh like to share a little bit about your journey to open yeah thanks Nate", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00069-00045080-00045584": "um so I'll I'll try to be quick it's hard to be quick because it's a long journey right", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00070-00045584-00046136": "so um my first uh entry into open started with uh the knowledge of open access and i first got", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00071-00046136-00046632": "to know about open access through piracy when i was trying to finish my phd at a time where i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00072-00046632-00047120": "had a child at home and there was a revolution happening in Egypt and my phd supervisor told", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00073-00047120-00047624": "me i have to read more about methodology and you know you to get those like sage handbooks", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00074-00047624-00048080": "for qualitative research that cost i don't know how much in dollars that i couldn't afford", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00075-00048080-00048464": "and i couldn't go to the library because the library was closed if you guys from Egypt know", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00076-00048464-00049040": "2013 um and so i discovered a lot of people had pirated like different chapters of things", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00077-00049120-00049504": "and so i was able to manage and i realized oh my god that's so valuable", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00078-00049504-00049920": "and then i realized there's a legal way of doing good but like totally the illegal way is great too", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00079-00050000-00050720": "and so it started with open access and somehow that moved into open education and i was always", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00080-00050720-00051240": "i did my phd remotely so i always was learning mostly on my own barely had access to other", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00081-00051312-00051784": "students but then towards the end of my phd i realized that on twitter there were hashtags for", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00082-00051784-00052367": "phd students like phd chat and i think there was for social science phds and though and there was a", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00083-00052367-00052855": "podcast for how to prepare for your oral exams and stuff and that really made me realize that it was", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00084-00052855-00053400": "the communities that you could find openly that could really make a huge difference and since then", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00085-00053400-00053872": "i've most of my learning has been happening in the open anyone who knows me knows that and i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00086-00053872-00054424": "realize that when you ask questions other people learn too it's not just about getting information", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00087-00054424-00054920": "from what other people post and not only giving what you know but also asking by asking you help", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00088-00054920-00055479": "other people learning and I also started to become critical of those spaces because as Tutelani said", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00089-00055560-00055912": "it's really important to ask whose stories are being told who stories are not being told who's", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00090-00055912-00056520": "telling whose stories because early on in my open practice the way certain people told my story", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00091-00056520-00057096": "on about me made me feel really uncomfortable and i became sort of really into doing collaborative", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00092-00057096-00057640": "autoethnographic research rather than research about other people and not involving them in a", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00093-00057640-00058288": "participatory manner and I'll stop here for now that's so great I've I guess I've never", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00094-00058288-00058872": "even learned all the different nooks and crannies in your long journey um so many things have have", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00095-00058872-00059312": "happened there and every time I learn something every time I meet you I learn something new", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00096-00059312-00059879": "so we're already up to the \"C's\"- ABC um and I'd like to welcome a person I'm meeting I", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00097-00059879-00060455": "think for the first time ever um it seems odd but maybe we've actually met live and I've forgotten", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00098-00060455-00061096": "about it but I'm not sure that that's true um so Matthew Cheney um coming to us from New Hampshire", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00099-00061096-00061567": "I'm not mistaken so Matthew would you like to talk a little bit about your pathway to open", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00100-00061624-00062288": "thank you Nate uh similar to everybody else it is a long journey uh but i will be brief i think I'm", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00101-00062288-00063279": "constitutionally inclined toward openness because way back in 2003 I created a blog because i was", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00102-00063279-00063808": "teaching high school in new Hampshire and had no real community for writing and it was just a way", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00103-00063808-00064320": "to get stuff out in the world and inevitably i ended up talking about teaching as well", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00104-00064400-00064912": "and that got attention and so i was I've always sort of been talking about my teaching", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00105-00064976-00065520": "to the world and sharing resources putting uh creating syllabi with google docs and just putting", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00106-00065520-00066104": "them out there so anybody could see them and use them and i didn't ever have language for this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00107-00066104-00066680": "um to some extent i think i was aware of open access um but it really wasn't until much later", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00108-00066680-00067352": "when um i i just happened to be working with my colleague Robin DeRosa whose name some of you may", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00109-00067352-00068032": "know and Robin has become a big advocate for open educational resources and openness and i thought", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00110-00068032-00068656": "oh so this is what i'm doing uh and now uh now Robin and i work together all the time and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00111-00068744-00069464": "i have been able to create an intentional openness and really move that into a much more", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00112-00069464-00070136": "coherent um way of thinking about scholarship and knowledge because i i have though i am in", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00113-00070136-00070624": "dear old rural New Hampshire i have friends around the world and i want to be able to share work with", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00114-00070624-00071160": "them i have friends who are academically minded who do not have access to academic resources", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00115-00071160-00071624": "um i want to be able to talk with them and share with them and so contributing to and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00116-00071624-00072280": "building a knowledge commons has become absolutely central to uh how i think about the work that i do", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00117-00072616-00073128": "yeah there's i i love that point about um you know wanting to share with people who don't", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00118-00073128-00073568": "have academic access i think about the open access issue that that Maha brought up that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00119-00073568-00074136": "brought her into open and it's like if you're at an academic institution which maybe still", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00120-00074136-00074744": "has access to all sorts of academic journals and other resources um even i remember back in the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00121-00074744-00075344": "day email was only a thing really that academics had often unless you were some super geek and i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00122-00075344-00075832": "just being able to open and share those academic privileges to a wider audience is so powerful", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00123-00076112-00077216": "okay so last but not least we've actually managed to get all the way to the end of the \"C's\" now um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00124-00077216-00077664": "uh and so Catherine Cronin uh at the very end of the alphabet", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00125-00077664-00078184": "for today at least um Catherine would you like to share a little bit about your pathway to open", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00126-00078296-00078896": "absolutely um thank you everyone what uh so lovely to see you all and lovely to hear", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00127-00078896-00079416": "everyone's stories before me as as you said Nate you learn new things about even your good friends", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00128-00079416-00080472": "um every day so that was lovely um yeah long crazy complex journey but um i suppose i started", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00129-00080544-00081424": "considering myself an open educator maybe in the like 2009 2010 2011 um early days of you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00130-00081424-00082232": "know academic twitter and blogging and using that in my teaching and it resonated i i was teaching", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00131-00082232-00082704": "in higher education at that stage and it resonated with me because i did a lot of community education", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00132-00082704-00083432": "earlier in my career particularly with um women in marginalized communities so you know if you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00133-00083432-00084016": "give me a very rigid outline of something or lines i'll i'm gonna try and you know drag those lines", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00134-00084016-00084608": "a little bit or at least smudge them a bit so open education kind of afforded that opportunity", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00135-00084688-00085288": "um for i felt for learners to express themselves in different ways for us to connect with people", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00136-00085288-00085888": "you know beyond the you know the rooms and the the institution that we were in um and you know very", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00137-00085888-00086480": "quickly uh again in those days academic twitter was a different twitter than it is today so i've", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00138-00086480-00087000": "met you know a lot of people who are in this you know i see in this room here um in those days so", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00139-00087000-00087576": "uh there was a lot of emboldening one another you know to try different things and to experiment um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00140-00087640-00088144": "so you know my entry point was what i would still call open educational practices you know i kind", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00141-00088144-00089048": "of found OER after that but really it was all about um you know opening and opening learning", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00142-00089048-00089696": "in ways that were meaningful you know for those students um and staff who who i was working with", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00143-00089696-00090120": "um and also i should say but before my my original degrees were in engineering but i did a", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00144-00090176-00090624": "i did a master's degree in women's studies so one of the most exciting things that i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00145-00090624-00091112": "found out when i began learning more about open pedagogy was that it does have very", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00146-00091112-00091688": "explicit roots in feminist pedagogy which was something that was really important to me", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00147-00091744-00092296": "so so yeah that's a little bit about how i got here i didn't i talked about learning", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00148-00092296-00092656": "something new i had no idea that you had an engineering background so do you consider", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00149-00092656-00093184": "yourself a learning engineer then i consider i'm myself a recovering engineer to be honest", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00150-00093464-00093880": "i know there's some debates in the community about the learning engineer versus other terms", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00151-00093880-00094592": "that one might use i don't do anything explicitly engineering anymore but there's a few people in", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00152-00094592-00095120": "this room who have done work with before Maha Mia and they'll know that i approach thing i approach", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00153-00095120-00095624": "any problem in this in kind of a structured way i'm gonna i'm gonna like try and find some", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00154-00095624-00096280": "kind of way to to get from here to there um so yeah a recovering engineering this is actually", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00155-00096280-00096784": "an interesting topic i see Maha uh added to the chat like you can't engineer learning um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00156-00096936-00097344": "maybe maybe this is a tension you guys have already explored yes yes yes", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00157-00097552-00098112": "okay well you know one thing i i really it's so great to learn about the diversity of different", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00158-00098112-00098488": "paths that people have taken toward open and i'm sure everyone in this room probably has", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00159-00098488-00099032": "something to say about their pathway to open um and just due to the limits of time we can't go", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00160-00099032-00099496": "around the full room and do it we've got like about another hour here and i just wanted to um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00161-00099568-00100304": "step back and remind us that um this uh this particular gathering is uh the first gathering", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00162-00100304-00100928": "in what we're calling the open learning journey which is a track at MyFest'22 and part of the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00163-00100928-00101496": "reason that we called these folks together was we wanted to kick off this whole track um by having", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00164-00101496-00102256": "a conversation about what open learning means right what what is open what is learning and we've", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00165-00102256-00102768": "already touched on it a little bit there in that in that short conversation about engineering um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00166-00102832-00103400": "but before we um and one of the sorry let me not get ahead of myself here one of the things that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00167-00103400-00103959": "we've asked the folks who were here as conversants to do was to gather a few examples of kind of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00168-00104024-00104520": "their favorite ideas about what open learning can can look like and so part of what we're going to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00169-00104520-00105400": "do today is walk through those different um those different examples um but before we do that um i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00170-00105400-00105911": "thought it might be interesting to just have a little conversation about these terms \"open\" and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00171-00105911-00106648": "\"learning\" themselves um and uh because Maha sort of was already starting that in chat i'm", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00172-00106648-00107304": "wondering if if Maha might wanna um just start to respond to that idea about what is learning", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00173-00107304-00107872": "can it be engineered and what is open what do we mean by open when we say open and open learning", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00174-00107935-00108280": "i don't want to answer the question of what is learning but i can say why it can't be engineered", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00175-00108432-00108896": "i think i think i'm going to say this because our minister of education here in egypt is an engineer", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00176-00108896-00109272": "and he tends to approach things with like oh if it happened like this somewhere else then", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00177-00109272-00109624": "we do it like that here it's going to work like that and education is not like that learning is", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00178-00109624-00109992": "not predictable that way right it's more complex that's what i meant by learning", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00179-00109992-00110344": "cannot be engineered like no matter how well you think you're designing it you can't predict", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00180-00110344-00110976": "what's going to happen with it and open has so many meanings but i think what rachel said", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00181-00110976-00111400": "uh reminded me of something that i didn't mention when i uh when i was introducing myself", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00182-00111400-00111992": "uh i worked with suzanne cosioglo who's going to be one of the guests on friday i think to create", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00183-00111992-00112520": "something we called self as OER or the open self in general as a concept right so i think openness", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00184-00112520-00112928": "is a world view in a way of being in the world and the way rachel reminded me of this is that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00185-00112928-00113408": "when suzanne and i were talking about this we were talking about having that sensibility to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00186-00113408-00113888": "be open and thinking that by being open you could both sort of heal yourself and then", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00187-00113888-00114383": "also help others and i was remembering Rebecca hogue who's one of my closest friends hi Risa", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00188-00114464-00114783": "um Rebecca who's one of my closest friends and the co-founder of virtually connecting which", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00189-00114783-00115192": "i'll talk about soon who is a cancer survivor herself and she was a blogger before that but", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00190-00115192-00115776": "then she was also vlogging her cancer journey and how impactful that was on a lot of people whether", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00191-00115776-00116248": "women who have had cancer or people who are supporting people with cancer i think it was a big", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00192-00116248-00116792": "big part of my cancer education and i come from a family of medical doctors it was a completely", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00193-00116792-00117335": "different perspective of what it means to be an engaged patient and so i think openness um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00194-00117440-00118000": "that kind of vulnerable openness uh this this willingness to make yourself vulnerable in this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00195-00118000-00118504": "way is a completely different learning experience that we can get from formal education and books", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00196-00118504-00118992": "and sort of what to tell anyone was saying who's telling the story of what it means to be", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00197-00118992-00119359": "a cancer patient and things like that and i had a student this semester was an orphan", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00198-00119359-00119800": "who created a game about what it means to be an orphan and grow up in an orphanage in Egypt", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00199-00119800-00120272": "and people who have lived in Egypt know that this is not something people really understand", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00200-00120344-00120744": "and have a lot of stereotypes about so i was just thinking about the vulnerability of an", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00201-00120744-00121183": "open sensibility and how impactful it could be i don't really think i answered your question", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00202-00121183-00121672": "but it's what i wanted to say so no i think you did actually i mean just this idea of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00203-00121672-00122152": "you know openness is a mindset sort of i think is an interesting way to think about it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00204-00122152-00122640": "um so rather than something that one does to education it's actually something that one brings", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00205-00122640-00123224": "to the world as a whole just in maybe everything one does well i don't want this to necessarily be", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00206-00123224-00123735": "a highly directed conversation by me alone do some of our other conversants have um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00207-00123808-00124783": "ideas about what Maha just said or their own thoughts about what open really means", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00208-00124944-00125576": "i would i say that i think of openness as an offering um in addition to what Maha said because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00209-00125576-00126272": "that that also opens up a vulnerability and uh and i think that a lot of my journey through education", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00210-00126272-00126983": "has been one of letting go of the the delusion of control uh because especially as a young teacher i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00211-00126983-00127448": "really thought it was my job to control the curriculum and the students and everything", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00212-00127504-00128104": "and where i have gotten to now and i think one of the reasons why open education has", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00213-00128104-00128616": "been so important to me is letting go of that sense of control and instead saying here is", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00214-00128720-00129200": "what i am and what i have to offer who are you and what do you have to offer as well", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00215-00129688-00130383": "it's an offering it's a mindset yeah and then seeing what happens", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00216-00130448-00131080": "being open to that to whatever happens well Catherine you have a Phd in openness right", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00217-00131264-00131816": "thanks Maha yeah she outed you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00218-00131816-00132352": "no i every everything that Maha and Matt just said resonate with me and and that the word that i've", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00219-00132352-00133184": "often used is just um about the humility of being open and the paradoxical thing is that for people", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00220-00133248-00133744": "who are new to openness it can seem like a very hubristic thing to do that you're just sharing", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00221-00133744-00134280": "your work and blogging and getting work out there whereas when you really engage with it critically", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00222-00134360-00134712": "um with you know this kind of values based understanding about", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00223-00134768-00135296": "you know equity and justice and you know why we want to be open then it's the exact", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00224-00135296-00135672": "opposite of a hubristic thing to do um you know there's a lot of humility and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00225-00135752-00136544": "um just letting go in it so but i i i'm happy to leave some time for for Tutelani as well", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00226-00136848-00137456": "um you know i whenever i think about open days there's one thing that has always that sticks", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00227-00137456-00138088": "with me and i think it's something that um you know i think Maha you said when you presented", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00228-00138088-00138688": "at our speaker series at Oklahoma State i think a few years back and it's this idea like when you're", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00229-00138688-00139240": "opening what are you opening um and that has always stuck with me and i think now where i am", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00230-00139240-00139952": "is i guess open is complex and i think it's really when to kind of just play off", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00231-00140008-00140528": "Catherine's remark when you really think about it critically it's incredibly complex because we're", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00232-00140528-00141224": "dealing with issues of equity and justice which are just not yes or no type of issues i was in", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00233-00141224-00141584": "a conversation earlier this week because of my work around indigenous knowledge", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00234-00141768-00142120": "you know when we come to indigenous knowledge where communities don't have", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00235-00142192-00142872": "um operate on issues of ownership and licensing and things like that when you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00236-00142872-00143392": "open up that knowledge that does not belong to you now it's accessible to everybody else now you're", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00237-00143392-00144088": "introducing these issues of um of ownership and commercialization and everything else", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00238-00144088-00144856": "um you just you put in things that i just think that the notion of openness is so incredibly uh", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00239-00144856-00145864": "complex that it requires a certain level of care um that i'm not so sure i'm always uh aware of so", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00240-00146240-00146552": "i'm so glad that you brought that up too because um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00241-00146552-00147312": "i think it's very easy to just celebrate openness as a as an undeniable benefit to all but there's", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00242-00147312-00147808": "some complexity there that i really think that you brought forward to Tutelani that you know it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00243-00147920-00148536": "we're always speaking from positions sometimes those positions include power and privilege and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00244-00148536-00149024": "other kinds of things and so openness can look very different when one is one is looking at", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00245-00149024-00149616": "it from a different point of view Maha did did did you have a reaction to that as well", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00246-00149720-00150160": "no i was typing something to Catherine in the chat i have no idea what you just said", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00247-00150368-00150736": "so funny how it's very hard to do two things at once isn't it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00248-00150736-00151032": "i find myself struggling with that here in this meeting actually", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00249-00151288-00151928": "well uh i think we've we've oh Catherine you unmuted no i i just wanted to say that uh i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00250-00151928-00152784": "love the way that totally you you teased out that notion of complexity um there's a lot there thanks", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00251-00152904-00153552": "for sure well i you know we could probably um have a conversation about just the word openness", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00252-00153552-00154024": "and what it means all day long especially um if other folks that are here as participants", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00253-00154024-00154616": "also got involved um but we did promise that we were gonna um walk through some uh", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00254-00154616-00155576": "actual examples of openness um and uh we've we've got a whole bunch in our uh in our slides we've", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00255-00155576-00156216": "got some examples there that um i think different people have provided these slides um and so might", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00256-00156216-00156952": "speak to them but i think each example could maybe let us start a little conversation around uh what", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00257-00156952-00157656": "does open learning mean in that context of that example um so if unless there's any objections", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00258-00157656-00158656": "i'll um go ahead and share the slides again so um once again we've i think we've actually um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00259-00158720-00159352": "added some of these in alphabetically and so um but i took away everybody's uh name so i'm not", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00260-00159352-00160032": "always sure exactly who added each one i think that Maha added this this particular example", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00261-00160136-00160944": "um and so uh Maha do you want to talk a little bit about uh why you um brought this one forward", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00262-00160944-00161272": "yeah so it's very funny because it came off in our breakout room today and i'd forgotten that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00263-00161272-00161776": "i was going to talk about it anyway so i don't know how many of you know this site uh but this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00264-00161776-00162480": "is a site that Mia Zamora Autumn Caines and i co-curated during the like we started august 2020", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00265-00162584-00162992": "so first of all equity unbound was co-founded by catherine Cronin, Mia Zamora and myself", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00266-00162992-00163408": "and it evolved into various different things just depending on what our community needed at", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00267-00163408-00164048": "the time and so this was august 2020 basically we were in a conversation with some people where", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00268-00164048-00164472": "we started talking about how people who are new to online learning during the pandemic had no idea", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00269-00164472-00164928": "how to build community online and they thought it wasn't possible those of us who had been", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00270-00164928-00165352": "teaching and learning online for a long time we knew it was possible but also usually it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00271-00165352-00165856": "wasn't with the synchronous stuff that a lot of people were using so i'm just going to put the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00272-00165856-00166264": "link in the chat in case people don't know what this is but this is a website where we came and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00273-00166264-00166800": "recorded videos with people demonstrating what they would do in their class to build community", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00274-00166800-00167184": "and then giving adaptations and resources and templates to people and sharing that out", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00275-00167240-00167768": "and so a lot of it is co-curated or co-created by Mia Zamora, Autumn Caines and myself", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00276-00167768-00168208": "there's also resources from all kinds of people Laura Gibbs contributed Risa contributed a lot", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00277-00168208-00168712": "of the videos Remi Kalir i don't know who else here has contributed but there's definitely been", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00278-00168712-00169288": "a lot of people doing that and the thing about this as an open sensibility is i could be someone", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00279-00169288-00169848": "who's oh i'm a good teacher so i'm going to teach well in my class and nobody else will know or my", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00280-00169848-00170320": "role in my institution is i'm a faculty developer so i support people at my institution and i give", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00281-00170320-00170792": "them workshops but this idea of well why can't everyone in the world benefit from this not", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00282-00170792-00171448": "only just as a why not but also in the sense of recognizing that educational development support", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00283-00171448-00171816": "during the pandemic was unevenly distributed right there's a lot of injustice there some instance", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00284-00171816-00172136": "didn't have a center for learning and teaching at all or didn't have one that was big enough", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00285-00172136-00172528": "everyone and everyone who was an educational developer i'm sure was burnt out for the past two", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00286-00172528-00173056": "years by suddenly supporting an entire institution when you were supporting only a few and the need", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00287-00173056-00173640": "for community building was so high because there was no social face-to-face in a lot of countries", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00288-00173696-00174336": "and so this was to us like we were thinking that was the most like important thing that we needed", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00289-00174336-00174768": "to give to the world and to curate from everyone all their ideas and put them in a place where", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00290-00174768-00175208": "people could could benefit from them is just still growing and we hope through the community building", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00291-00175208-00175688": "track that people will contribute more to this uh space does anyone who contributed to this want to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00292-00175688-00176192": "just say something very quick or in the chat or orally or whatever or anyone who used it there", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00293-00176192-00176632": "might be people here who've used it i'd love to hear from them if we have a second to do that Nate", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00294-00176856-00178024": "yes has anyone has anyone contributed to or used the Equity Unbound community building resources", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00295-00178024-00178624": "i'll just weigh in for a second and say that um this is like my little treasure trove and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00296-00178624-00179192": "i hope it would be for anyone else as well so when i'm preparing for class i just dip", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00297-00179192-00179840": "in and get grab a little idea sometimes i um do an adaptation or a remix on the idea", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00298-00179840-00180528": "but because it comes from so many people i love and respect and we share these open values that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00299-00180528-00181008": "we've been discussing it really is like a treasure trove you know it just gives you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00300-00181008-00181656": "that spark of an idea to move forward to um design learning for others with", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00301-00181656-00182176": "you know in co-creation etc in effective ways so that's my small comment on it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00302-00182480-00182800": "and i see uh folks already chiming in the chat about um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00303-00182904-00183296": "about people who have used them uh in their work", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00304-00183512-00183936": "uh Jennifer uh did you want to say a little bit more about what you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00305-00183936-00184272": "you gave it quite an extensive chat message there about your use", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00306-00184368-00184840": "yeah um this has just been really helpful i stumbled on it when i was thinking about", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00307-00184912-00185456": "community building activities you know for adults my background is k-12 education i teach in", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00308-00185456-00186000": "teacher education and a post-baccalaureate program and i'm using this model i'm trying", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00309-00186000-00186568": "out this model this summer in my courses using the Castle SCL3 Signature Practices which is a", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00310-00186664-00187120": "model for social emotional learning and that has been really paramount in the pre-k through 12", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00311-00187184-00188040": "grade world right now and their model really encourages teachers to think about um a learning", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00312-00188040-00188584": "experience it could be a lesson a daily lesson it could be a week lesson but framing it through this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00313-00188584-00189328": "SEL lens with welcoming inclusion activities then thinking about you know engaging strategies", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00314-00189328-00189864": "um in addition to you know how are we going to provide brain breaks and transitions that are um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00315-00189960-00190680": "that are practical but also supportive and then um ending with optimistic closure so this site", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00316-00190680-00191328": "has been just really invaluable in being able to bring um those community building activities", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00317-00191328-00191784": "in the welcoming inclusion part of my classes i mean they've really they've really enjoyed", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00318-00191784-00192288": "it and i've noticed that there's just been a a much quicker bonding in my classes because of it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00319-00192512-00192928": "well that's great and there are so many other people chiming in in chat too about about their", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00320-00192928-00193568": "value that they've gotten from these resources i i think the whole community is thankful for all the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00321-00193568-00194048": "everybody who contributed putting this collection together and i understand it can keep growing", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00322-00194048-00194752": "right so we can all we can all be contributing more more to it um i would bring up more folks to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00323-00194752-00195224": "talk about this but um i also you know know that we have some other examples and so there will be", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00324-00195224-00195872": "other chances uh for for folks to converse um so i'm gonna move on to the next uh the next shared", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00325-00195872-00196664": "example which i think um was also from Maha did you want to speak to this one Maha yeah so that's", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00326-00196664-00197192": "co-edited with Catherine Cronin as you can see the second name not the last name of the alphabetical", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00327-00197192-00197648": "order i think too and Laura Czerniewicz from South Africa Robin DeRosa who is Matthew's colleague", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00328-00197648-00198432": "and Rajiv Jhangani in Canada um and so this book I think Rajiv and Robin reached out to us saying you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00329-00198432-00199024": "know we want to create a book that's only talking about the marginal perspectives on open education", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00330-00199024-00199488": "not because when you what was happening with open education is that there were some dominant views", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00331-00199488-00200096": "from primarily white men about open education and people who tried to bring in diverse views", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00332-00200096-00200440": "would bring in those views in the midst of all the dominant views and they would get swallowed", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00333-00200440-00200984": "up by the dominant views because people are so used to them um and so yes thank you for the link", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00334-00201056-00201640": "and so we were like you know what everyone who contributes to this book is marginal in some way", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00335-00201640-00202192": "or at least representing a critical social justice or marginalized perspective on open education and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00336-00202192-00202736": "so every contribution in this book is like if you want to immerse yourself in thinking about open", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00337-00202736-00203184": "education in the in a different way this book is is the one for you and a lot of what's in it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00338-00203248-00203568": "almost everything that's in it we decided would not be peer-reviewed stuff because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00339-00203568-00203952": "the peer-reviewed stuff you can find in journals and it's probably reaching", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00340-00203952-00204336": "academics and so on these are mostly blog posts and videos and and all kinds", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00341-00204336-00204664": "of other contributions and to Tutelani i think it has the last chapter in the book", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00342-00204728-00205319": "um yeah so for for us it was just designed at the margins for the margins you know", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00343-00205552-00206000": "yeah and i'll just point out that um this first week of the open learning journey track here at", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00344-00206000-00206519": "my fest was in a way sort of inspired by this book and we tried to gather quite a few people", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00345-00206519-00207240": "who contributed to it at the different sessions um uh for for this track so we encourage everybody", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00346-00207240-00207800": "to go look at it Tutelani um would would you want to weigh in here and talk a little bit", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00347-00207800-00208536": "about your experience and contribution to open at the margins i i think um i i try to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00348-00208536-00208944": "touch on that a bit in my introduction and i think this is why in that chapter is where i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00349-00209023-00209752": "sort of outline a bit about how i came to open education and it was my reflection on", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00350-00209944-00210360": "the openEd conference that i went to once and i was on the planning committee and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00351-00210416-00210967": "i've realized from there that i think i was having a different perspective than some of my colleagues", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00352-00210967-00211680": "about how they're coming to the conversation which was around open textbooks and free educational", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00353-00211680-00212416": "resources which i value but it just wasn't what where i was positioned and the argument that i i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00354-00212416-00213223": "often make is that you know the same people some of the same people who would write text about", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00355-00213312-00213936": "um let me just personalize it uh as Africans have no knowledge no contribution to civilization and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00356-00213936-00214560": "anything else in a in a for-profit book are also the same one now who can write the same exact", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00357-00214664-00215496": "textbook that's open so if we limit openness to simply cost issues there are some issues around", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00358-00215496-00215984": "equity and justice that we just won't resolve um so that that's sort of what i was trying to get", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00359-00215984-00216640": "it in that in that chapter that um there's also yeah saving money for our students is of great", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00360-00216640-00217144": "importance because higher education especially in the U.S context is extremely expensive", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00361-00217240-00217856": "but there's also other issues around open that i think we need to look at as well and that's what", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00362-00217856-00218664": "uh i was looking at but again this is this is such a great collection of of work and maybe i'm just", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00363-00218664-00219240": "being biased because i'm in it but i think there's a lot of really great uh everything in there every", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00364-00219240-00219984": "chapter there is a really great contribution it was a great book to read and be part of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00365-00220144-00220632": "yes did you want to say something i agree with you sorry Nate i i'm so agreeing with the part", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00366-00220632-00220976": "about i think sort of i was writing the chat openness is not necessarily the highest value", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00367-00220976-00221408": "in every context right like sometimes people open that's the most important thing and then forget", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00368-00221408-00221912": "about everything else but almost everyone in this book is giving you a different perspective on that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00369-00221912-00222471": "and and definitely not open as just textbooks and costs and all of that um i was wondering if", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00370-00222471-00222784": "Catherine also wanted to say something about the process of this book or", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00371-00222856-00223223": "and we were always hoping it would continue you know yes i mean i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00372-00223223-00223808": "i i don't i love i love hearing from voices of everyone who's here but the only thing i might add", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00373-00223871-00224456": "is that you know we were really clear at the end we were clear about our process and um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00374-00224456-00224976": "non-dominant voices and locations and all and you know all of those important aspects but also that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00375-00224976-00225584": "this isn't this isn't the volume you know that it's you know it's published as a volume but we", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00376-00225640-00226208": "it's very much open to you know anyone who finds this useful we extend the invitation to you know", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00377-00226208-00226704": "publish something similar extend it you know this only goes to 2020. there's been so much great work", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00378-00226704-00227192": "published since then so you know i hope that you know for people who have been inspired by it and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00379-00227192-00227608": "used it that you know it might inspire further work you know in a similar vein", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00380-00228056-00228536": "yeah it's such a such a rich book i found myself going in and it was like a rabbit hole because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00381-00228536-00229064": "it was like each uh each article unfolded and brought you to something else and then that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00382-00229064-00229423": "would unfold to bring you to something else and so there was like a constant flowering of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00383-00229623-00230248": "new experiences in it well in the interest of time we'll have more time for discussion um but", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00384-00230248-00230767": "i want to make sure that we actually visit all the examples that that folks have gathered so um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00385-00230864-00231304": "i'm going to move to the next one here and this get this one can we skip this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00386-00231304-00231864": "one and move to someone else and come back to it later yeah uh sure so um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00387-00231976-00232688": "this i believe was contributed by Matthew yes indeed want to talk about this example", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00388-00232760-00233248": "sure so i was thinking for examples for this i wanted to think a little bit beyond", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00389-00233248-00234080": "tools and more toward attitudes and values because that's important to me because tools especially", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00390-00234080-00234952": "online tools change so quickly um so i've started with my own home base which is what i know best", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00391-00235016-00235552": "and that is our open learning and teaching collaborative at Plymouth state university", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00392-00235552-00236088": "and this is the the website that that we built together but really fundamentally was built by", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00393-00236088-00236792": "my colleague Martha Burtis and it allowed us to really have a hub for our work and to share", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00394-00236792-00237608": "our work with the world in whatever form it may be it also allowed me to take all the various", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00395-00237752-00238392": "open items that i had for my classes particularly syllabi assignments those sorts of things and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00396-00238392-00238904": "put them all into one spot for our classes i'm director of interdisciplinary studies", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00397-00238904-00239392": "for the university and that's a program for students to create their own majors and it lives", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00398-00239488-00240048": "perhaps uniquely within our learning and teaching center because we think of it as the place where", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00399-00240048-00240592": "we experiment on students uh when we experiment on teachers uh with all of our other work", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00400-00240712-00241352": "so it's an opportunity for us to then have a curricular part of our learning and teaching", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00401-00241456-00242200": "program and it also this website allows me to share with the world and with our students in a as", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00402-00242200-00242848": "accessible means as we can possibly imagine the things that we are are doing uh there's", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00403-00242848-00243336": "also there we in some of you can see the design forward program which we're just creating now", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00404-00243416-00243960": "which is part of our faculty development but also a basic element part of our ethos is that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00405-00244016-00244432": "we should always be trying to bring students into faculty spaces and faculty into student spaces", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00406-00244512-00245264": "and staff as well so that we can break down some of these often very strong borders within", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00407-00245264-00245976": "academia so by making our work open we've been able to do this in a lot of different ways", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00408-00246040-00246960": "so if you go to the next slide Nate um one of the the pieces here is a textbook or i often think", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00409-00246960-00247616": "of it just as a web resource uh that has existed almost for 10 years now um but this is sort of the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00410-00247616-00248192": "latest version of it one of the nice things about working openly is that you can make new versions", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00411-00248192-00248880": "and so our old textbook which had been used for a different course had lots of useful things for us", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00412-00248880-00249423": "but as our curriculum changed the book needed to change and it gave us a nice opportunity", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00413-00249423-00250184": "to really weed um what had become a kind of rhizomatic um body of of work of all sorts of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00414-00250256-00250664": "different types that it becomes kind of hard to navigate to see what was valuable and what was not", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00415-00250728-00251328": "so we started again uh and our are in the midst of we just rolled it out this past spring um so", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00416-00251328-00252023": "this is very much a work in progress um but a way to bring students into the learning and um also to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00417-00252023-00252608": "share that kind of learning and ideas with the world and so one of the things that's going to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00418-00252608-00253119": "be coming into it is i'm going to be bringing in a section of writings from students in my senior", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00419-00253119-00253648": "seminar course that are aimed at students who are not yet seniors so it'll be called something like", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00420-00253704-00254304": "senior voices as a way for our students who have themselves built up knowledge um and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00421-00254304-00254896": "really developed a certain expertise to then share that with other students within our program and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00422-00254896-00255800": "hopefully um beyond uh finally if we go to the last slide Nate um i wanted to think about this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00423-00255800-00256384": "with an open scholarship because i um i feel like we've we've got the the learning and teaching part", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00424-00256456-00257032": "is going okay and uh the openness there is really has been really valuable and now i'm", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00425-00257032-00257488": "really thinking a lot about the place of open scholarship particularly within our", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00426-00257544-00258016": "world i'm lucky enough to have a book coming out in the fall from Punctum Books which is a", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00427-00258016-00258696": "fully open access publisher in california and i'm very excited about this especially because i just", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00428-00258696-00259328": "love Punctum's publishing model so much and it is one that really is committed and not just", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00429-00259328-00259856": "in a sort of oh yes we'll we'll slap an open license on this shore but really is committed", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00430-00259856-00260784": "to an active and activist vision of open access and and diamond open access as they say not just", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00431-00260784-00261376": "um something that somebody has to pay to have access to whether pay as the author or or pay", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00432-00261376-00262056": "as the reader um and so i've also been thinking about open scholarship on twitter um i just stuck", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00433-00262056-00262672": "up a list of oh and Catherine's on there a list of just some people you followed because the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00434-00262752-00263552": "the um world of of twitter has been so powerful for so many of us despite twitter's many flaws", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00435-00263608-00264248": "um it has been such a great way for for people to connect with each other of different ideas", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00436-00264248-00264864": "again i've um am thinking about my blog which has been a way to connect to things i publish but also", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00437-00264864-00265328": "then bring in things other people have written and thought about and so we create this whole", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00438-00265384-00266080": "ecosystem and i think an ecological thinking about about openness is a valuable one because it's it's", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00439-00266080-00266840": "not about any one person or one open tool or one open idea but really the different synergies and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00440-00266840-00267384": "ways that that we work together and build off of each other to create something that that is", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00441-00267384-00267896": "far stronger than any one of us and something i think really necessary in the world that we are", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00442-00267896-00268816": "currently in um a world of of concerning trends toward a certain nativism and individualism", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00443-00268816-00269376": "and even outright fascism that i think for me at least openness stands in opposition to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00444-00269536-00270040": "um so my last piece is really for anybody who links to the who has has the link to the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00445-00270168-00270560": "slides because that will give you links to all sorts of different stuff that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00446-00270560-00271064": "some we've done in the CoLab um but also some of the things that i was talking about there", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00447-00271064-00271464": "great and we'll share out that link to the slides again so people can get to this rich", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00448-00271464-00272016": "bibliography i guess one might even call it um and actually I will uh say that one thing that um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00449-00272136-00272840": "that uh Remi and I have been uh anticipating for this uh open learning journey track", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00450-00272840-00273536": "is to um uh kind of collect an ongoing bibliography of all the references that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00451-00273536-00274144": "people have made as we move along and so we'll we'll make sure to include this stuff as well um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00452-00274256-00274760": "you know we've heard we've heard from Maha we've heard from Matthew but I'm wondering let's just", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00453-00274760-00275400": "if we would take a quick pause here I'm wondering um if anyone ha any one of our conversants", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00454-00275400-00275984": "has any kind of reactions to the directions that we've we've taken the the examples so far", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00455-00276352-00277232": "i think what what is bouncing around in my head is um Matthew your usage of the term ecology", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00456-00277304-00277664": "um and i and i think the idea of an openness ecology sort of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00457-00277744-00278784": "has my mind my head bouncing around a bit um and because i think there's um you know there's", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00458-00278904-00279648": "there's a an implication of varied um perspective and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00459-00279792-00280576": "variety and interconnectedness in in in an ecology so i think that sort of what i was um hearing then", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00460-00280576-00281264": "i didn't know if you maybe um have any more to reflect on that on that notion of ecology", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00461-00281528-00281912": "sure um i i think of ecology as metaphor", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00462-00281984-00282624": "primarily but also is reality uh given the reality of our world but i think metaphorically", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00463-00282840-00283120": "it's a matter of those interconnections it's a matter of the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00464-00283184-00283664": "of all of our inter being you know and bringing things together um because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00465-00283928-00284368": "I'm trying to think of the there are so many different ways to go with this but I will say", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00466-00284368-00284920": "one of the things that i see so often is certain areas get privileged and working", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00467-00284920-00285480": "at a regional state university in the state in the U.S that funds higher education the least", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00468-00285536-00286384": "uh I'm very sensitive to the ways that the the rich and famous schools um dominate conversations", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00469-00286384-00287072": "and yet the conversations that I have benefited from so often have been ones at those margins", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00470-00287072-00287904": "uh outside of those large and wealthy places and so I really think about what are the connections", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00471-00287904-00288608": "that we can create also within you know the idea of the under commons Fred Moten's idea of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00472-00288608-00289176": "what is the network what is the ecology of the undercommons um and how is that able to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00473-00289328-00289680": "strengthen itself uh you know in a in a way", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00474-00289792-00290416": "that allows the kind of work that we want to do i'm not being especially eloquent on this um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00475-00290480-00291048": "but really that is it is all about the connections and the ways that we don't have to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00476-00291048-00291552": "be individuals that we can learn from each other uh and be stronger together", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00477-00292016-00292472": "you're introducing all these terms all right that are bouncing around our heads and now we're all", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00478-00292472-00293248": "like under commons what's that i love that word i'll get some links okay he's going to share", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00479-00293504-00294136": "Tutelani is a ecology still bouncing around in your head it is but now he introduced some more", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00480-00294136-00294848": "stuff now my head is just going all over the place so but no thank you thank you Matthew", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00481-00294976-00295456": "and i'm just going to mention that a lot of these these these ideas really resonate with", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00482-00295456-00296064": "with um a lot of the work that's um going to be part of higher education for good teaching and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00483-00296064-00296640": "learning futures which um is a book that Laura Czerniewicz and i are currently um co-editing", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00484-00296696-00297152": "so this notion of the commons and the under commons and ecosystems and so on and just some", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00485-00297152-00297632": "really exciting work in there so it's going to be published at the beginning of 2023 but it's coming", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00486-00297904-00298272": "i'm just adding a link back to the slides there for anybody who's come late", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00487-00298272-00298856": "come later well on that note as long as you're um as long as you're unmuted Catherine", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00488-00299056-00299304": "should we take a look at some of the examples that you provided", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00489-00299416-00300104": "sure and this was a struggle because i mean there's i mean what do you choose and um so", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00490-00300104-00300840": "uh i i chose two examples uh this is the first and this is this is like an older example this is like", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00491-00300840-00301456": "from 2013 or 14 but i just it's just kind of like that notion of showing your work um so you know", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00492-00301456-00302192": "on my path to being becoming an open educator um the reason i'm sharing this is because um", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00493-00302360-00302824": "so many conversations particularly in the last two years i've found here in Ireland at least", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00494-00302880-00303360": "people are really wanting to talk about authentic assessment you know we made this this move online", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00495-00303360-00304272": "and so on and i've i've asked so many people to dive into the work of open assessment because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00496-00304272-00304672": "that's what open assessment is all about you know if you look at any open educator who", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00497-00304736-00305424": "is inviting their students to work in the open they are doing that to facilitate authentic", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00498-00305424-00306056": "assessment and so this is just an example a snapshot i think i i i think i put the link", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00499-00306056-00306464": "in the notes apologies for that but if you have a link to the powerpoint you'll have the link this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00500-00306464-00307256": "is uh briefly uh a module i was um teaching called professional skills it was in the bachelor of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00501-00307256-00307920": "science in information technology curriculum and uh it's a one semester course and i so i was about", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00502-00307920-00308592": "communicating and sharing ideas effectively so at this this was for the final project so at this", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00503-00308592-00309176": "stage as we approach the end of the semester we had already talked about digital identity privacy", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00504-00309232-00309904": "the open web i invited the students to think about social media ecosystems rather than tools", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00505-00309976-00310392": "so you know we just jumped into different things we jumped into google plus at that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00506-00310392-00311024": "time we bumped it but jumped into twitter you know facebook whatever um social media ecosystems", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00507-00311024-00311560": "as i said they wanted to explore just to see how people communicated what the norms were you know", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00508-00311616-00312072": "how to be heard how to listen and so on because knowing that tools will always change", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00509-00312176-00312832": "um we um we had also learned about open licensing and the students had done a previous", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00510-00312928-00313416": "assignment where they created presentations and they both used openly licensed images and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00511-00313416-00313960": "then openly licensed their presentations because we were involved in a network of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00512-00314056-00314616": "with other educators sharing work across different countries that's another conversation so when it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00513-00314616-00315192": "came to the final project it was a digital media assignment and basically i i invited", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00514-00315192-00315760": "the students the only requirement was one thing and that they created um digital media uh for", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00515-00315760-00316432": "an audience or a group that was meaningful to for them you know outside the realm of our class", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00516-00316432-00316832": "uh in the university so students really connected with things like you know music", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00517-00316832-00317512": "sport the dance society uh the society for the protection of prevention of cruelty to animals", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00518-00317512-00317960": "local history whatever they're interested in and then i i also said that they could choose whatever", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00519-00317960-00318416": "form of digital media they wanted so this was one group activity i love this photograph because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00520-00318416-00318912": "i asked what would you like to create knowing that your digital media could be in any form because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00521-00318912-00319432": "again some of some assignments like this people will say okay we're going to do this presentation", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00522-00319432-00319920": "and we're going to do this assignment and you have to create a video or you have to create a podcast", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00523-00319920-00320368": "or you have to so i just said it can be anything what would you like so a bunch of people wanted to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00524-00320368-00320888": "create blogs you can see that on the left someone wanted to create a tutorial and that person on", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00525-00320888-00321464": "the right there who i just thank still said i have no idea um probably because no one had ever asked", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00526-00321464-00321880": "them that before you know what would you like to create what are you kidding me i and someone else", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00527-00321976-00322304": "some other students said but didn't write on their post-it what do you want", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00528-00322424-00322944": "which was such a revealing comment you know so used to producing assessment for you know what's", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00529-00322944-00323624": "the criteria what do you want so this all of this work is such a learning process both for ourselves", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00530-00323624-00324152": "and for students as probably you you know any of you who are open educators already know so so", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00531-00324152-00324864": "revealing for me about different assumptions that i had um and for students you know whose class", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00532-00324864-00325472": "before my class and after my class might be very rigid particularly you know in an information", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00533-00325472-00325960": "technology curriculum so it's all very well and good for me to say oh i'm going to do this very", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00534-00325960-00326728": "open way of teaching and learning but you know a lot of scaffolding and um different", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00535-00326728-00327288": "processes are required uh so that students feel comfortable and only as open as they wish to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00536-00327288-00327960": "be and i never required students themselves to be open or to be open on twitter but the class", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00537-00327960-00328504": "was open so that we could i could always model openness and students could see how that worked", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00538-00328584-00329040": "so you know i don't know if anybody else has made those connections between authentic assessment and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00539-00329040-00329552": "open assessment to me it's really really clear i'd love to hear um you know from anybody else", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00540-00329832-00330760": "in group speakers or participants anybody um i kind of did a similar assignment like this i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00541-00330760-00331560": "was teaching social psychology last semester and um i told them they had to make as a group they", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00542-00331560-00332248": "had six groups in the class and each group had to make some project on a topic in social psychology", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00543-00332248-00332728": "for a particular target audience that they felt they learned about and they could share that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00544-00332728-00333240": "knowledge with this particular group to help them and i said you can make it in whatever format you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00545-00333240-00333888": "want i don't care okay it just has to be to be disseminated to the target audience that you pick", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00546-00334184-00334784": "there were six groups five of them did instagram campaigns and the sixth group did a", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00547-00334960-00335584": "a podcast and so while they were doing their projects they felt like the instagram campaigns", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00548-00335584-00335984": "are really great and they were putting out good information and then at the end i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00549-00335984-00336656": "had them evaluate themselves and how they thought their project well who did instagram campaigns at", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00550-00336656-00337400": "the end felt very like dissatisfied with the medium of communication that they had chosen i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00551-00337400-00338056": "was like well why did you pick it and they're like well everybody uses it so like they didn't really", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00552-00338176-00338808": "think of any other way that they could communicate information to people i don't know what valuable", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00553-00338808-00339464": "learning i mean what amazing um you know that's the first thing that that strikes me", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00554-00339792-00340216": "i was really happy with their campaigns but they they all said they wanted to do it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00555-00340304-00340888": "bigger they wanted to reach more people which i was happy with too but but they didn't know how to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00556-00341056-00341600": "um yeah that's very that's fascinating and yeah i mean there's a lot there's so much that's learned", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00557-00341600-00342120": "here and and perhaps you found as well that you know the students were really invested because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00558-00342120-00342576": "they were you know so much of it was their choice you know when it was in their own voice and so", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00559-00342576-00343088": "on and we um i'm not really a fan of rubrics but because there was so much choice in this topic we", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00560-00343088-00343536": "i should also mention that we collectively created the class created a rubric by which", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00561-00343536-00343944": "you know any digital media product in any format would be assessed you know it was", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00562-00343944-00344656": "all about communicating and clarity and structure and audience and so on so um i don't want to take", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00563-00344656-00345264": "too much time but again if anybody is really thinking about um you know open assessment or", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00564-00345264-00345792": "authentic assessment there's a treasure trove of open assessment ideas you know out there", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00565-00345792-00346208": "in some of the collections that have already been shared um and it's a great place to to look and to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00566-00346208-00346776": "refer your colleagues because again it's it's the silos that that we get so frustrated by you know", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00567-00346776-00347112": "when someone talks about authentic assessment they might not think to look at open pedagogy", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00568-00347184-00347432": "or open assessment but you know there are so many connections", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00569-00347912-00348320": "so is that okay um i saw Maha unmuted but uh", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00570-00348320-00348784": "yeah you do have more examples to share do you want to say something Maha", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00571-00349000-00349352": "no i was just gonna tell Hadil i wanted to contribute this assignment to the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00572-00349352-00349600": "digital literacy toolkit which i put the wrong link to in the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00573-00349600-00350184": "chat so i'm just gonna get there and there's a session about that tomorrow", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00574-00350776-00351432": "um and the second example is really recent and again is more just about it's not quite open", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00575-00351432-00351984": "teaching and it's not quite um you know traditional open publishing but it's an", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00576-00351984-00352440": "i think it's a good example of um open collaborative practice which involves", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00577-00352440-00353024": "an open publication um and that is just on the left hand side is an image and a link to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00578-00353024-00353600": "a guide that i was um part of developing and part as part of my work for the national forum", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00579-00353600-00354136": "for the enhancement of teaching and learning uh in higher education in Ireland and it was a two-year", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00580-00354136-00354552": "project Covid happened in there so it was longer than we anticipated", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00581-00354552-00355224": "students and staff were working together to define what an enabling policy is which includes being", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00582-00355224-00355616": "intentionally equitable a definition that we borrowed from virtually connecting", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00583-00355784-00356552": "so we we our definition of enabling uh covers the the product you know what the policy text is", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00584-00356552-00357248": "as well as the process um and then we also have seven case studies in there from from Irish H.E", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00585-00357248-00357888": "institutions and international um in good examples of digital and open policies that are enabling", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00586-00357944-00358368": "um so we produced this but because it was very open the process of developing it the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00587-00358368-00359040": "process of sharing it the fact that it has a CC by license um other people noticed it and there was", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00588-00359040-00359712": "some discussions going around about developing guidelines for open education policies so", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00589-00359712-00360504": "i joined 11 other scholars from all over you know 10 different countries um and we submitted", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00590-00360504-00361368": "a policy brief based on this guide but we we made it globally relevant um to UNESCO and we presented", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00591-00361368-00361872": "it at the World higher Education Conference in April and it's going to be published as a UNESCO", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00592-00361872-00362456": "policy brief so you know that doesn't happen if we're just you know developing things within our", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00593-00362456-00363032": "within our um you know silos and our institutions and our sectors and then you know just sharing it", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00594-00363032-00363648": "there so it's just I think it's just one simple but powerful example of of open practice um and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00595-00363648-00364248": "that you know it made the work better um by making it you know global and multi-authored", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00596-00364544-00364992": "Catherine um having just um moved over to work with Creative Commons", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00597-00364992-00365624": "one of the things that I've really come to understand is how important it is to have policy", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00598-00365696-00366624": "be part of the infrastructure that we all bring to change we want to make because you know everybody", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00599-00366624-00367248": "does fantastic work but if it just continues to land in an environment where institutions and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00600-00367248-00367920": "governments and and cultures don't support it um then then it can maybe fizzle out rather than grow", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00601-00367920-00368576": "and it seems like policy is a great tool to try to advance um you know practices and and and culture", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00602-00368576-00369056": "that we'd like to see happen more absolutely Nate and I'll tell you a little secret and that is that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00603-00369112-00369648": "I was sharing with Hadil earlier that I you know who's doing her PhD at the moment that I did mine", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00604-00369648-00370224": "kind of much later in my career as well between 2013 I finished in 2018 and it was in the area", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00605-00370224-00370712": "of policy and the re not in the area of policy it was because i wanted to inform policy the reason", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00606-00370712-00371424": "I did my PhD in open educational practices at that time was because I had been an active open", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00607-00371424-00372024": "educator for several years at that stage um and was really frustrated by just that that I knew", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00608-00372024-00372544": "that there was exciting work happening in you know classes that I was a part of and other places but", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00609-00372544-00372976": "that you know the minute you know that if I wasn't teaching like that in the department of i.t", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00610-00372976-00373320": "it would just be like taking your hand out of a bucket of water you know no one would", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00611-00373320-00373816": "miss that work no one would ask for that work to happen and that unless it was embedded in", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00612-00373816-00374328": "the strategy and policy of the institution um but there was no way that that that work you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00613-00374328-00374840": "know there would be a commitment um you know to open and to equity as we understand it and open", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00614-00374904-00375376": "so you know that's the way I did my PhD in that area and then was able to go to work for the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00615-00375376-00376152": "national forum following my PhD and do this work so it's really meaningful for me um and I agree", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00616-00376152-00376728": "with you I think it's really important did you see the uh in the chat Nicola just posed the question", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00617-00376728-00377224": "how do you get people to see the intention of policy as supportive rather than policing", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00618-00377344-00377848": "Nichola that's a great question and it's actually we have there's 15 criteria for enabling policies", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00619-00377848-00378392": "and that's one of the 15. that's it's the it's supportive and flexible rather than legalistic", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00620-00378392-00379168": "and prohibitive language um so hopefully we make a case in these guides uh for why that's important", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00621-00379168-00379752": "but literally the 15 criteria of enabling policies include that as one of like it's like a checklist", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00622-00379872-00380528": "um so a rubric if you will it's not a rubric no not a rubric no more rubrics", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00623-00380624-00381120": "well I know that we're we're creeping close to the other time um look you want to share your", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00624-00381120-00381536": "last example and then we could maybe have a little bit more discussion to end with", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00625-00381744-00381896": "my last example is not an example", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00626-00382080-00382736": "um I I think I I just wanted to end I do want to have time for discussion I I just wanted to end", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00627-00382736-00383504": "because I wanted to say that I always find hope and this notion of gritty realistic you know the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00628-00383504-00384272": "acts of hope in the community of open educators and it's why I I do this work so you know I could", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00629-00384272-00384704": "have had many images here I put pride month so Harvey Milk is there in the upper left and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00630-00384760-00385240": "the lower left is my square for the Fem-Ed tech quilt and there's a few other images there but", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00631-00385432-00386328": "you know hope hope is difficult particularly in these times um but i think it's essential and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00632-00386328-00387088": "you know it's I'm so grateful to work with kind of clear-eyed committed um educators like all of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00633-00387088-00387864": "you um and you know it's why it's why i love doing this work i think it's important and you know um i", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00634-00387864-00388328": "think the only way to do it is to do it together so just wanted to end on a note of hope thank you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00635-00388632-00389008": "so great I'm thinking of hope and with hope and policy", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00636-00389240-00389384": "maybe we can make the world go around", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00637-00389736-00390384": "other conversants we're thinking about ending on a note of hope Remi I know you you haven't had a", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00638-00390384-00390776": "chance to say very much it's fine I've just been like soaking it in I don't want to you know kind", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00639-00390776-00391416": "of hog the mic or the discourse here um given the time actually it would be lovely to open up to the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00640-00391416-00392072": "folks who are attending uh and who have questions or their own provocations or their own wonderings", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00641-00392072-00392696": "for our conversants if folks want to either post those questions in the chat or if you do want to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00642-00392696-00393280": "unmute and ask this would be a lovely time to bring your curiosities into the conversation", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00643-00393536-00394176": "I have a thought I was kind of talking about this with um some of the colleagues in my cohort the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00644-00394176-00394952": "other day we were talking about um our kids and the way that they teach themselves things these", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00645-00394952-00395472": "days and how it's totally normal for them to like hop on YouTube and just teach themselves whatever", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00646-00395472-00396056": "they want to learn and find books that they want to read online for free through whatever", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00647-00396056-00396880": "various means there are and I'm just thinking um like we're doing a lot of work you know you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00648-00396880-00397304": "guys were talking about like the silos that were that we're building these programs and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00649-00397392-00397968": "we're doing a lot of work in an academic setting but I really wonder like long term", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00650-00398096-00398896": "way down the line if there's going to be like a shift in people just naturally gravitating towards", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00651-00398896-00399496": "other open access forms of education rather than going the university route because it's seen as", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00652-00399496-00399952": "like you know the expected route of which you know you graduate high school you go to college you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00653-00399952-00400456": "get a degree and you know you become a grown-up so I don't know I'd be interested to hear what", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00654-00400536-00400712": "you all have to think about that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00655-00401040-00401664": "i'll go very quickly um when when MOOC's first came out and okay so MOOC's existed before 2012", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00656-00401744-00402136": "but you know in front of the world they seem to have come out in 2012 because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00657-00402136-00402640": "Harvard and so on started doing them so MOOC's are massive open online courses that anyone can take", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00658-00402640-00403000": "and people started saying is it going to be the end of open energy the end of education", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00659-00403000-00403416": "and higher education because these things existed and I think for me the the key thing", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00660-00403512-00404064": "that you don't get from open learning is the social and cultural capital of being in the world", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00661-00404064-00404592": "offline I think you can develop a lot of digital social capital so you can be very good at being", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00662-00404592-00405008": "online so if if the rest of your world is going to be online and you learn everything in these", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00663-00405008-00405352": "open ways it's a great way for learning you may learn a lot more than you would learn if you go", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00664-00405352-00405928": "to college you have a lot more agency over what you learn when you learn with whom you learn you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00665-00405928-00406400": "have much more freedom to do that uh of course not everyone because not everyone has good internet", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00666-00406400-00406880": "not everyone has internet or electricity at all but for those of us who do I think it can be very", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00667-00406880-00407400": "empowering but then this other element I noticed when students came back from being online for two", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00668-00407400-00407960": "years they were missing those social skills of how to be with other people so those things are really", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00669-00407960-00408448": "the things you get from college that you can't get I think from learning I have a lot of people here", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00670-00408448-00408856": "in this room are very close friends of mine some of whom I have never met in person some of whom I", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00671-00408856-00409312": "have and when we meet in person we know each other well but it's it's still a different thing as an", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00672-00409312-00409832": "adult to do that than to that social element of that's what I think is what higher education's", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00673-00409832-00410472": "value statement is going to be and and then the people who have the money will get that and the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00674-00410472-00411016": "ones who don't may do something else where they learn but they don't develop the other stuff that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00675-00411016-00411488": "helps them progress you know social mobility and that's what I think I don't know what others think", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00676-00411743-00411912": "i like that we can be a little comfortable with", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00677-00411912-00412288": "silence in this conversation as in addition to all the talking", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00678-00412816-00413264": "Matthew, Tutaleni did you have some some final thoughts as we bring this to a close", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00679-00413400-00413824": "I just put in the chat and we'll say here that I think the machineries of prestige are not", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00680-00413888-00414664": "open um and elitism requires closed-ness uh for it to perpetuate its elite", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00681-00414664-00415456": "and wealthy status uh and I see that often uh as especially someone working from a school that has", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00682-00415456-00416135": "very little prestige um and is next to schools that have some of the most in the world and", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00683-00416192-00416784": "seeing the ways that that that plays out only encourages me to open things further", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00684-00417088-00417808": "trying to talk and read at the same time which is proven to be a significant challenge", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00685-00417896-00418432": "um you know I I think there's another aspect of freedom and choice", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00686-00418432-00418832": "that accompanies all these different options we have whether it's about", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00687-00418928-00419624": "openness or different innovations and things like that so I don't um I think you know for", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00688-00419624-00420535": "me what open does is provide us some freedom and some choices that not everybody necessarily has", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00689-00420712-00421592": "I'm I have a tough time with dualities in that it's not either this or that i think there are", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00690-00421592-00422343": "gonna be some people who um might get value out of just of doing it one way versus that I", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00691-00422343-00423143": "think one of the one of the reason that MOOC's didn't succeed um the way that I think early", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00692-00423247-00423928": "evangelists were advocating for I think is because some people kind of misunderstood um people were", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00693-00423928-00424488": "engaging in MOOC's because um often the people who are engaging in MOOC's people who already", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00694-00424488-00425312": "had their degrees right um and at at the beginning of that research I was I was involved in a lot of", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00695-00425312-00425656": "MOOC's research when I was at Penn state and one other thing that we're looking at", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00696-00425656-00426104": "was this idea of completion rate people like oh no people are dropping out and everything else", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00697-00426192-00426904": "and the example that I used to give is that look if I am participating in a MOOC on car mechanics", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00698-00426904-00427600": "and all I want to know is how to change my oil and that's in module one that's what I needed", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00699-00427600-00428312": "and I'm done but that will count as me failing in that in that space but what I liked about", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00700-00428312-00428800": "that is because I have a choice not being able to go in and say okay I can go in and do what I need", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00701-00428800-00429288": "to do at this specific space and leave and go over to something else and everything else so", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00702-00429288-00429784": "I think it's really about this idea of providing more freedom more choices for people that I", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00703-00429784-00430439": "think these spaces allows us and I'm I'm not so sure if that is valued as much as it should be", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00704-00430935-00431560": "that's steep now I'm thinking again now my brain is going around well I do realize that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00705-00431560-00432392": "we've actually hit our assigned um time to be done and I I want to be respectful to everyone's", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00706-00432392-00432784": "time and I'm sure that there are people who need to move on and go to other things in their day", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00707-00432864-00433480": "but I I really want to thank everyone who came um our conversants and other participants because", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00708-00433480-00434047": "there was so much deep sharing here today um I'm gonna we can we don't have to leave", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00709-00434047-00434535": "the room but anybody who needs to leave the room now probably should uh feel free to go", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00710-00434776-00435072": "there's no rudeness and just taking off if you need to be at your next meeting", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00711-00435143-00435584": "um I won't I won't completely shut things down yet though in case there are", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00712-00435584-00435920": "other things that people want to say that will still be captured in the recording", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00713-00436760-00437047": "see lots of folks are needing to take off and are doing so", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00714-00437535-00437992": "Tutelani, Catherine, Maha, Matthew thank you so much for contributing", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00715-00437992-00438439": "to the discussion today it was uh you know it was even more fantastic than I imagined", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00716-00439000-00439664": "I'll also just call attention to the um link that uh Maha shared in the chat if you do have time", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00717-00439664-00440320": "to uh to share a very quick reflection on the um your experience here today that would be awesome", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00718-00440320-00440816": "you know my fest is is a completely new experiment and so um we're trying to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00719-00440816-00441135": "learn as we go we're trying to do things differently than a lot of professional", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00720-00441135-00441688": "summer professional or uh mid-year professional development happens and so we'd love to learn you", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00721-00441688-00442368": "know what's working for people and maybe what's not um so if you have time to uh to fill that", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00722-00442368-00443056": "out here's another different differently formatted link to that same moment for reflection very short", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00723-00443512-00443984": "other thoughts or ideas before we close it out", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00724-00444192-00444816": "I had a really pragmatic question which maybe we could bring forward to the next session on open", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00725-00444872-00445447": "um which is what what i would love to hear about the difference between Press Books uh Read This", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00726-00445447-00445992": "and Punctum I know it's really stupid like kind of boring pragmatic question but I'm really curious", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00727-00445992-00446456": "about it so but i don't want to you know maybe later well you're you're in luck you're in luck", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00728-00446456-00447047": "Mia because I like that too week two of the open learning journey which is next week um is actually", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00729-00447047-00447632": "going to be focused primarily on tools all the um sessions aren't set up yet but keep your eye", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00730-00447696-00448008": "on things I know that we have one with press books we have one with", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00731-00448008-00448672": "Ed EdTech books um I don't know that Punctum will be there um but uh can certainly uh", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00732-00448743-00449072": "might get a chance to invite them maybe they can come to something so the", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00733-00449072-00449584": "tools tools and exploration of tools and and platforms is next week's topic awesome", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00734-00449832-00450135": "and thanks for bringing up the idea of plugging the rest of it um this has been a somewhat", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00735-00450135-00450920": "emergent uh uh thread or uh track sorry and so um a lot of a lot of the um sessions are still", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00736-00450920-00451600": "being scheduled and so it's a live it's an organic living um experience and so uh don't be afraid to", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00737-00451600-00452200": "check back in with the um you know the the MYFest site and the various ways that you can see what", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00738-00452200-00452656": "sessions are happening because uh new ones are popping up like like mushrooms after a spring rain", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00739-00452816-00453296": "looks like i got a run um but this is so lovely just because you know so many of our conversants", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00740-00453296-00453839": "are thank you so much for really inspiring us as we kick off this journey as Nate mentioned", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00741-00453839-00454256": "it's very emergent there's a lot of moving pieces but you provided us with a really", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00742-00454352-00454864": "inspiring kind of high level really complex introduction and so just thanks again for", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00743-00454864-00455184": "setting the tone for what I hope will be a really meaningful", "jjcgcNE9xTg-00744-00455239-00456104": "experience for MYFest participants moving forward thank you so much thank you so much"}}, {"audio_id": "jkwUQLxifs0", "text": {"jkwUQLxifs0-00000-00000000-00001142": "♫ Lock and Load by Madison Rising ♫", "jkwUQLxifs0-00001-00001232-00001394": "Hey everybody, Professor Paul.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00002-00001400-00001725": "I am on the floor of SHOT 2017 and I am", "jkwUQLxifs0-00003-00001726-00002092": "standing in the XS Sights booth, you know I like XS Sights.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00004-00002096-00002202": "If you don't like 'em,", "jkwUQLxifs0-00005-00002202-00002332": "I don't know what to say to you, but here's the deal.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00006-00002332-00002559": "This guy his name is Zach. He' going to", "jkwUQLxifs0-00007-00002559-00002872": "tell you all about the 20th anniversary,", "jkwUQLxifs0-00008-00002872-00003118": "I know two decades, like can it be that?", "jkwUQLxifs0-00009-00003118-00003478": "And a lot of people are like 'Oh XS Sights, you mean those new ones?'", "jkwUQLxifs0-00010-00003488-00003772": "Yeah, those new ones ones that have only been around for 20 years.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00011-00003790-00004058": "But Zach's going to tell you about those new sites that have only been", "jkwUQLxifs0-00012-00004065-00004220": "around for 20 years.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00013-00004220-00004506": "Zach: Well guys, s'up? He already hit it many times it's our 20th", "jkwUQLxifs0-00014-00004506-00004782": "anniversary, so to celebrate it, we did a", "jkwUQLxifs0-00015-00004783-00005020": "whole rebrand of our company and", "jkwUQLxifs0-00016-00005020-00005268": "we really focused on simplifying our message.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00017-00005268-00005554": "We renamed our products as, DXT", "jkwUQLxifs0-00018-00005554-00005800": "so tritium in the front and tritium in", "jkwUQLxifs0-00019-00005800-00006043": "the rear, easy to remember defensive", "jkwUQLxifs0-00020-00006043-00006231": "express tritium.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00021-00006231-00006447": "Nice, short and sweet, and then for our", "jkwUQLxifs0-00022-00006447-00006720": "white stripe rear sights as dxw so nice", "jkwUQLxifs0-00023-00006720-00006954": "clear and easy to understand.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00024-00006954-00007223": "We're expanding our product lines for the", "jkwUQLxifs0-00025-00007223-00007578": "Canik SF, Canik elite models and now", "jkwUQLxifs0-00026-00007578-00007764": "we're starting to partner it's more OEM", "jkwUQLxifs0-00027-00007764-00008123": "Kriss USA on their Sphinx SDP.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00028-00008123-00008384": "And we're gonna be coming out with a lot more this year.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00029-00008384-00008558": "It's gonna be exciting.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00030-00008558-00008834": "Paul: Yes, listen up hippies, I'm gonna tell you something.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00031-00008924-00009162": "I got my Elite, right? I told you guys that.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00032-00009162-00009350": "And I talked to this guy, I said", "jkwUQLxifs0-00033-00009350-00009548": "\"I'm gonna send you the slide and we're going to", "jkwUQLxifs0-00034-00009548-00009742": "get some XS Sights Big dots on that.\"", "jkwUQLxifs0-00035-00009742-00010042": "Now the sights on it are good, but XS Sights are,", "jkwUQLxifs0-00036-00010042-00010296": "well they're XS Sights. So look for that in the", "jkwUQLxifs0-00037-00010296-00010576": "very near future, pay attention and listen louder.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00038-00010576-00010754": "Zach thank you very much.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00039-00010754-00010870": "Zach: Thank you man. Paul: Put it right there buddy.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00040-00010872-00011180": "Zach: You can find out sights on our website; XSSights.com", "jkwUQLxifs0-00041-00011184-00011446": "we also sell them through RSR, Green supply,", "jkwUQLxifs0-00042-00011446-00011616": "and all the other major wholesalers.", "jkwUQLxifs0-00043-00011688-00012416": "♫ Narcissistic Tendencies and Homicidal Dreams by Bogglesworth ♫"}}, {"audio_id": "jkygZx2cDcU", "text": {"jkygZx2cDcU-00000-00000136-00000782": "ZoteroBib is a free service that helps you quickly create a bibliography in any citation style", "jkygZx2cDcU-00001-00000798-00001264": "without creating an account or  installing software.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00002-00001610-00001902": "Here is the ZoteroBib website.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00003-00001918-00002450": "You can generate a citation by typing or pasting  one of several pieces of information", "jkygZx2cDcU-00004-00002452-00002740": "about a source into the search bar.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00005-00002762-00003196": "You can also enter your information using  MANUAL ENTRY.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00006-00003506-00004010": "Here is a webpage about careers as a preschool teacher from a government website.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00007-00004028-00004338": "Let’s copy the page URL.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00008-00004654-00005192": "Paste the URL into the ZoteroBib search bar and choose CITE.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00009-00005602-00005872": "Here is the first citation.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00010-00005892-00006210": "If you need to change or add anything, choose EDIT.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00011-00006602-00007178": "The title includes more than just the title of the webpage, so remove the extra information", "jkygZx2cDcU-00012-00007192-00007712": "and paste it into the correct spaces for  website title, and publisher.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00013-00007948-00008322": "You should also add the date the  information was created.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00014-00008700-00008954": "Here is our beautiful, edited citation.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00015-00009290-00009788": "To cite an article from a library database, copy the page URL.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00016-00010076-00010398": "Paste it into the ZoteroBib search bar  and choose CITE.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00017-00010672-00010968": "This citation doesn’t appear to need any edits,", "jkygZx2cDcU-00018-00010986-00011428": "but it is always a good idea to have a writing tutor  check your bibliography.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00019-00011766-00012384": "You can also cite a scholarly article using the DOI, or DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00020-00012396-00012816": "This is a unique number assigned to  some online articles.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00021-00013166-00013522": "Paste the DOI and choose CITE.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00022-00013536-00013824": "Again, this citation does not appear to need editing.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00023-00014097-00014602": "To cite a book, copy the ISBN,  a unique number", "jkygZx2cDcU-00024-00014613-00014930": "that appears in the library catalog entry.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00025-00015013-00015380": "The ISBN also appears with the barcode on a book’s back cover.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00026-00015668-00016060": "Paste the ISBN and choose CITE.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00027-00016074-00016326": "This citation looks fine, too.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00028-00016538-00016816": "Let’s look at the bibliography.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00029-00016822-00017230": "These citations are in MLA style, but it is easy to change that", "jkygZx2cDcU-00030-00017244-00017488": "with the choices in the blue bar.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00031-00017708-00017978": "Let’s choose APA style.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00032-00018232-00018402": "Be sure to read the reminder", "jkygZx2cDcU-00033-00018410-00018596": "to check capitalization.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00034-00018624-00018818": "Again, if you need help,", "jkygZx2cDcU-00035-00018824-00019078": "our writing tutors are experts!", "jkygZx2cDcU-00036-00019310-00019704": "Here is the bibliography in APA style.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00037-00019716-00019998": "Once you have chosen the style,", "jkygZx2cDcU-00038-00020002-00020302": "you can get the in-text, or parenthetical, citation", "jkygZx2cDcU-00039-00020318-00020720": "by choosing the page icon to the right of any citation.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00040-00020970-00021260": "Here is the in-text citation in APA style.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00041-00021276-00021598": "Use the modification options if you need them.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00042-00021686-00022120": "Otherwise, just copy the citation  and paste it in your paper", "jkygZx2cDcU-00043-00022134-00022412": "at the end of the appropriate sentence.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00044-00022770-00023192": "When you have created citations for all your sources,", "jkygZx2cDcU-00045-00023204-00023516": "choose DOWNLOAD RTF from the  Copy to Clipboard MENU.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00046-00023800-00024048": "This will download a Word document.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00047-00024066-00024400": "Open it and choose ENABLE EDITING.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00048-00024766-00025078": "Here are the citations in a Microsoft Word document.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00049-00025088-00025660": "Now add a title. Since this is APA format,  the title should be References.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00050-00026066-00026460": "Here is the citation list in APA style.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00051-00026700-00026970": "This is the citation list in MLA style.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00052-00026986-00027268": "Note that the title is Works Cited.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00053-00027608-00027839": "If you are working on your own computer,", "jkygZx2cDcU-00054-00027852-00028218": "ZoteroBib will automatically save your citation list", "jkygZx2cDcU-00055-00028227-00028598": "unless you are working in private or incognito mode.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00056-00028686-00029072": "Otherwise, to save your work,  create a link to this citation list.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00057-00029233-00029542": "Choose CREATE then COPY URL.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00058-00029606-00029908": "Then email the link to yourself.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00059-00030200-00030564": "In this tutorial you learned the basics of ZoteroBib.", "jkygZx2cDcU-00060-00030660-00031010": "If you have questions, our writing tutors have answers!"}}, {"audio_id": "jkKZMzUvqBo", "text": {"jkKZMzUvqBo-00000-00000908-00001011": "Happy Monday Saints!", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00001-00001011-00001200": "Welcome back to The Halo Morning Show!", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00002-00001200-00001552": "We're coming to you live from the Halo news room with your news and your stories.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00003-00001552-00001802": "Today is the last day to buy candy grams.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00004-00001802-00002054": "Purchase 1 for 1 dollar or 5 for 3 dollars.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00005-00002054-00002463": "Your note will be delivered to your friends sta period with a candy cane this week!", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00006-00002463-00002672": "Santa is coming to town!!", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00007-00002672-00002949": "Get your picture taken with Santa on Wednesday, December 11.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00008-00002949-00003301": "Wear red or green or a christmas sweater with either jeans or sweatpants", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00009-00003301-00003822": "Anyone who wants to purchase a holiday saints t-shirt can do so this Monday through Thursday", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00010-00003822-00004015": "in the commons during lunch.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00011-00004015-00004134": "T-shirts are $20.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00012-00004134-00004461": "You can pay for them in the spirit shop with cash or card.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00013-00004461-00004827": "All proceeds will benefit the nativity house, a local catholic charity.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00014-00004827-00005291": "You can wear the shirt this Friday during school for a spirit day and December 20th", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00015-00005291-00005902": "at the St. James game.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00016-00005902-00006307": "Saints please purchase a shirt this week in the commons during lunch.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00017-00006307-00006661": "Proceeds go to help the nativity house which aims at making Christmas a little easier for", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00018-00006661-00006870": "those young, unwed moms that chose life.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00019-00006870-00007330": "You can wear the shirt this Friday during school and be sure to wear it when we take", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00020-00007330-00008151": "on St. James Friday, December 20th.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00021-00008151-00008575": "Mrs. Spillman is looking for 4 to 6 people to work at the ticket office, and act as ushers", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00022-00008575-00008723": "for the Christmas show.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00023-00008723-00009220": "These people would have to be available on Thursday, December 19th and Friday, December", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00024-00009220-00009507": "20th from 6:15-7:15.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00025-00009507-00009790": "When you're finished with your job you will be able to see the show for free.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00026-00009790-00010155": "If interested, please email Mrs. Spillman as soon as possible.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00027-00010155-00010380": "All other crew positions are filled.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00028-00010380-00010795": "French Club t-shirts and crew neck sweaters are now on sale.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00029-00010795-00011209": "French students, check your email or stop by Room 104 for an order form.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00030-00011209-00011535": "Orders are due by Wednesday, December 11.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00031-00011535-00011970": "This week only, there will be additional detention times to give students plenty of opportunities", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00032-00011970-00012171": "to get their detentions served before finals.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00033-00012171-00012577": "Detention will be offered before and after school each day.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00034-00012577-00013078": "Morning detention begins at 7:15 and after school detention begins at 3:10.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00035-00013078-00013269": "Detention is held in room 147.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00036-00013269-00013638": "Again, these additional times are for this week only.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00037-00013638-00014113": "Your Girls basketball team rolled past Millwood Oklahoma in the first round, Manhattan in", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00038-00014113-00014676": "the second round and stopped any chance of redemption by Olathe West in the Championship", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00039-00014676-00014959": "of the Hays Shoot-out winning 56-23.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00040-00014959-00015524": "Sophomore Beatrice Culliton and Freshman Sydney Watts were selected to the All Tournament", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00041-00015524-00016087": "Team, Elena Guerra was on the All-Academic Team and Molly Hartnett and Madison Skelton", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00042-00016087-00016370": "finished 2nd in the 3 point shooting contest.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00043-00016370-00016470": "Congrats Ladies!!!!", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00044-00016470-00017023": "On today's menu for the saints cafe is smoked chicken, broccoli, cheese rice, fried okra,", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00045-00017023-00017328": "and pizza The saint of the day is Juan Diego.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00046-00017328-00018012": "Thousands of people gathered in the Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe July 31, 2002, for", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00047-00018012-00018600": "the canonization of Juan Diego, to whom the Blessed Mother appeared in the 16th century.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00048-00018600-00018788": "Now it's time for the fun fact of the day!", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00049-00018788-00019170": "More people visit France than any other country.", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00050-00019170-00019576": "Thanks for watching today's show!", "jkKZMzUvqBo-00051-00019576-00019870": "Remember - Stay classy, Saints and Make This Day Count!"}}, {"audio_id": "jlzsXOnDbf0", "text": {"jlzsXOnDbf0-00000-00001132-00002656": "From the outside, this two- storey house in a leafy Toronto suburb looks quaint and unassuming, but behind its dark grey walls a Royal romance was able to blossom in private.", "jlzsXOnDbf0-00001-00002806-00004820": "For this is Meghan Markle's former home, where she would play host to her boyfriend Prince Harry during their long-distance relationship. While Los Angles-born Meghan was in Toronto to film the legal drama Suits, Harry would visit up to twice a month.", "jlzsXOnDbf0-00002-00004970-00006379": "Located on sleepy Yarmouth Road in the well-heeled Toronto neighbourhood of Seaton Village, the property, reportedly rented by the show, was home to Meghan for several years.", "jlzsXOnDbf0-00003-00006529-00008139": "But now she has moved to Kensington Palace, its owner has put the three bedroom property up for sale for £810,000 - £500,000 more than she paid for it a decade ago.", "jlzsXOnDbf0-00004-00008289-00010130": "A strict vetting system has been put in place by the agents, Freeman Real Estate, to discourage Royal fanatics from snooping around, but here The Mail on Sunday can offer a glimpse inside the chic home, which holds fond memories for Harry.", "jlzsXOnDbf0-00005-00010280-00011787": "The open-plan house, which is described by the estate agents as 'luxe', boasts a cinema room, a high-spec kitchen-diner, three sumptuous bedrooms and two bathrooms.", "jlzsXOnDbf0-00006-00011937-00013597": "Decorated in 50 shades of grey, the property was once home to Meghan's selection of stylish coffee table books as well as her huge shoe collection, an array of scented candles, prayer beads and yoga mats.", "jlzsXOnDbf0-00007-00013747-00015454": "It was also home to her two beloved dogs, Bogart and Guy, whose kennel and puppy play area, complete with sandpit, remains outside in the garden where she was known to throw summer barbecues for friends.", "jlzsXOnDbf0-00008-00015604-00016977": "As Meghan - who will marry Harry in the spring - prepares for a life spent in opulent palaces and Scottish castles, the house must now seem a world away."}}, {"audio_id": "jlEOaMuJJBY", "text": {"jlEOaMuJJBY-00000-00000028-00000442": "Hello students. Today I'm going to show you how to use Opposing Viewpoints", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00001-00000442-00000810": "To get to Opposing Viewpoints, click on the articles tab.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00002-00000818-00001163": "From Browse Databases A to Z, scroll down", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00003-00001163-00001466": "to Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00004-00001466-00001925": "then click go. If you're off campus you'll have to sign in", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00005-00001925-00002411": "with your library barcode. Opposing Viewpoints", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00006-00002411-00002765": "is a great place to find current events and controversial topics.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00007-00002765-00003180": "if you're not sure what you want to write about, you can click on browse", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00008-00003180-00003589": "issues and there's a list of common", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00009-00003589-00004095": "issues and topics from A to Z. You can also", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00010-00004095-00004405": "look at issues divided by subject", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00011-00004405-00005105": "on the front page. If you do you have an idea of what you want to", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00012-00005171-00005871": "write about you can take into the search box here. So", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00013-00006119-00006567": "in opposing viewpoints you can get a lot of different types of resources.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00014-00006567-00007267": "This includes academic journals,", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00015-00007267-00007800": "primary sources,", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00016-00007800-00008290": "statistics,", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00017-00008290-00008661": "images", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00018-00008661-00009322": "videos, audio files from radio shows,", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00019-00009322-00009679": "newspaper articles,", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00020-00009679-00010060": "magazine articles,", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00021-00010060-00010421": "reference articles (which", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00022-00010421-00010904": "are things like what you get get in Gale Virtual Reference Library) and recommended websites", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00023-00010993-00011295": "So I want to talk about the Viewpoint Articles.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00024-00011295-00011679": "Viewpoint Articles are for and against", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00025-00011679-00012081": "arguments for a different topics. Because of this", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00026-00012081-00012482": "they do have a bias, but they're great ways to get", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00027-00012482-00012782": "different view points and pro and con arguments", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00028-00012782-00013208": "on your topic. So let's look at one of these articles.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00029-00013208-00013908": "You'll notice", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00030-00013937-00014436": "in Viewpoint articles there'll be a opening paragraph that tells you the author", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00031-00014436-00014761": "of the article, summary of the article,", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00032-00014761-00015147": "and usually author's credentials.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00033-00015147-00015475": "Now Viewpoint articles are often taken", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00034-00015475-00015933": "from other resources including magazines, newspapers,", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00035-00015933-00016403": "blogs, things like that. At the end of the article", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00036-00016403-00016856": "you'll see a suggestions for further reading", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00037-00016856-00017328": "which includes books, magazines, and newspaper articles", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00038-00017328-00017709": "and other things that we might have available through the library.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00039-00017756-00018175": "There's also a source citation link. This is in MLA format.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00040-00018175-00018623": "I want to point out some things that a common for every article whether it's", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00041-00018623-00018754": "magazine article", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00042-00018754-00019151": "viewpoint article or anything else in Opposing Viewpoints.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00043-00019151-00019517": "You have option to listen to the article", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00044-00019517-00019865": "ROBOT VOICE: \"same-sex parenting is beneficial.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00045-00019865-00020420": "In some ways gay parents may bring talents to the table that straight parents don't.\"", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00046-00020478-00020951": "You can also download the article", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00047-00020951-00021651": "or email the article to yourself.", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00048-00021959-00022337": "So, remember Opposing Viewpoints is a great resource for finding", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00049-00022337-00022754": "a wide variety of information on different current events", "jlEOaMuJJBY-00050-00022754-00022889": "and controversial topics."}}, {"audio_id": "jlM5gztZsII", "text": {"jlM5gztZsII-00000-00000000-00000200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00001-00000200-00000400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00002-00000400-00000600": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00003-00000600-00000800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00004-00000800-00001000": "Foreign language [Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00005-00001000-00001200": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00006-00001200-00001400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00007-00001400-00001600": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00008-00001600-00001800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00009-00001800-00002000": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00010-00002000-00002200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00011-00002200-00002400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00012-00002400-00002600": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00013-00002600-00002800": "Foreign language", "jlM5gztZsII-00014-00002800-00003000": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00015-00003000-00003200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00016-00003200-00003400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00017-00003400-00003600": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00018-00003600-00003800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00019-00003800-00004000": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00020-00004000-00004200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00021-00004200-00004400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00022-00004400-00004600": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00023-00004600-00004800": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00024-00004800-00005000": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00025-00005000-00005200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00026-00005200-00005400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00027-00005400-00005600": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00028-00005600-00005800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00029-00005800-00006000": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00030-00006000-00006200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00031-00006200-00006400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00032-00006400-00006600": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00033-00006600-00006800": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00034-00006800-00007000": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00035-00007000-00007200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00036-00007200-00007400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00037-00007400-00007600": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00038-00007600-00007800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00039-00007800-00008000": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00040-00008000-00008200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00041-00008200-00008400": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00042-00008400-00008600": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00043-00008600-00008800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00044-00008800-00009000": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00045-00009000-00009200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00046-00009200-00009400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00047-00009400-00009600": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00048-00009600-00009800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00049-00009800-00010000": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00050-00010000-00010200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00051-00010200-00010400": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00052-00010400-00010600": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00053-00010600-00010800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00054-00010800-00011000": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00055-00011000-00011200": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00056-00011200-00011400": "[Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00057-00011400-00011600": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00058-00011600-00011800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00059-00011800-00012000": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00060-00012000-00012200": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00061-00012200-00012400": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00062-00012400-00012600": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00063-00012600-00012800": "[Music] [", "jlM5gztZsII-00064-00012800-00013000": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00065-00013000-00013200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00066-00013200-00013400": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00067-00013400-00013600": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00068-00013600-00013800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00069-00013800-00014000": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00070-00014000-00014200": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00071-00014200-00014400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00072-00014400-00014600": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00073-00014600-00014800": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00074-00014800-00015000": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00075-00015000-00015200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00076-00015200-00015400": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00077-00015400-00015600": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00078-00015600-00015800": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00079-00015800-00016000": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00080-00016000-00016200": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00081-00016200-00016400": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00082-00016400-00016600": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00083-00016600-00016800": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00084-00016800-00017000": "[Music", "jlM5gztZsII-00085-00017000-00017200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00086-00017200-00017400": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00087-00017400-00017600": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00088-00017600-00017800": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00089-00017800-00018000": "[Music] [Applause]", "jlM5gztZsII-00090-00018000-00018200": "[Music]", "jlM5gztZsII-00091-00018200-00018400": "[Music] [Applause]"}}, {"audio_id": "jlWgQYyQxWy", "text": {"jlWgQYyQxWy-00000-00000331-00000811": "Warning, the following video is fake. So don't take it serious.", "jlWgQYyQxWy-00001-00000811-00001369": "I made this because of the false rumor of Paul's death! Not because I actually believe", "jlWgQYyQxWy-00002-00001369-00001855": "Paul is dead. Anyway, I hope you enjoy! BTW, The music is", "jlWgQYyQxWy-00003-00002424-00002730": "built into Premiere Elements, Just so you know.", "jlWgQYyQxWy-00004-00010840-00012008": "Get Back. Thanks Moe. I like to say thank you on behalf of the group and ourselves and I hope we passed the audition."}}, {"audio_id": "jmvWAM7Fgu4", "text": {"jmvWAM7Fgu4-00000-00000768-00001263": "Hello guys, what's up", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00001-00000936-00001504": "it's Mat here. First of all, I apologize", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00002-00001263-00001760": "because I would like to actually upload", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00003-00001504-00002064": "this video a bit earlier", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00004-00001760-00002111": "but I've been busy I've been working on", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00005-00002064-00002424": "my", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00006-00002111-00002768": "publication and I have some", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00007-00002424-00002943": "stuff to do today. It's a bit of a late", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00008-00002768-00003264": "training this one", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00009-00002943-00003520": "but anyway I will get it started. Today", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00010-00003264-00003871": "I'm doing chest", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00011-00003520-00004136": "and I will work you through basically", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00012-00003871-00004376": "three exercises you can easily do", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00013-00004136-00004632": "with a pair of dumbbells", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00014-00004376-00004832": "I will normally not start with dumbbells", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00015-00004632-00005039": "if I have access to a gym...", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00016-00004832-00005136": "I will start with big compound movements", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00017-00005039-00005448": "usually", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00018-00005136-00005639": "after I warm up properly or at least I'm", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00019-00005448-00005848": "able to warm up the muscle groups I'm", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00020-00005639-00006135": "going to train so,", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00021-00005848-00006495": "bench if I'm training chest", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00022-00006135-00006864": "squat if I'm training legs and so", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00023-00006495-00007200": "on and so forth...", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00024-00006864-00007504": "but hey here", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00025-00007200-00007640": "i don't have access to those gym", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00026-00007504-00007808": "equipment so I just", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00027-00007640-00008040": "quickly warmed up and now I'm gonna", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00028-00007808-00008136": "start.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00029-00008040-00008368": "So, I have here a pair of PowerBlocks", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00030-00008136-00008743": "and I'm gonna start with 40 pounds", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00031-00008368-00009175": "should be about um 18 kilos", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00032-00008743-00009528": "and I will work the way up to 70 pounds", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00033-00009175-00009840": "which is the maximum I have right now", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00034-00009528-00010184": "so good let's start!", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00035-00009840-00010184": "Okay, when it comes to dumbbells", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00036-00010732-00011584": "usually I start with", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00037-00015484-00015784": "about 20 reps with a weight I feel", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00038-00016608-00017295": "comfortable with and then I move all my", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00039-00016951-00017623": "way up", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00040-00017295-00017976": "until I kind of get uh at least", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00041-00017623-00018223": "five-six reps and usually", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00042-00017976-00018223": "um my maximum on dumbbells it's about 80", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00043-00018231-00018864": "pounds I think", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00044-00018544-00019231": "35 kg but I don't have access to that", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00045-00018864-00019344": "weight right now so", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00046-00019231-00019623": "I will be doing I think um", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00047-00019344-00019751": "two sets uh with the", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00048-00019623-00020064": "70 pounds so one of 10 and the last one", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00049-00019751-00020456": "of 5 reps and then", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00050-00020064-00020800": "I will move on to the", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00051-00020456-00021087": "next exercise.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00052-00020800-00021368": "Yeah, normally", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00053-00021087-00021672": "I'll wait, as I said, probably a couple of", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00054-00021368-00021672": "minutes", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00055-00021687-00022184": "between sets but when it comes to", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00056-00022023-00022520": "big compounds I will wait", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00057-00022184-00022895": "up to four or five minutes", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00058-00023272-00024015": "So, yeah just wait for the next set.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00059-00023672-00024095": "Okay guys, so I'm now up to the", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00060-00024015-00024440": "second set", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00061-00024095-00024823": "with about 50 pounds", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00062-00024440-00025584": "and I will try to get at least 15 reps", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00063-00024823-00025584": "let's see how it goes", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00064-00030239-00031008": "okay this one was pretty good I think", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00065-00030639-00031256": "and yeah I will move on", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00066-00031008-00031447": "to the next set shortly.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00067-00031256-00031672": "Okay guys, I'm now at 60 pounds", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00068-00031447-00031752": "and I will try to get probably at least", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00069-00031672-00032583": "10 reps I say", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00070-00036744-00037424": "So, what I like to do between sets", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00071-00037096-00037816": "is also to sipping on a bit of water or", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00072-00037424-00038056": "BCAAs at least try to stay hydrated.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00073-00037816-00038208": "This actually is very important", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00074-00038056-00038472": "overtime especially", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00075-00038208-00038616": "if you're doing a long training to keep", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00076-00038472-00038936": "your", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00077-00038616-00039319": "hydration level in check", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00078-00038936-00039536": "otherwise, you will see your performances", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00079-00039319-00039744": "start decreasing and actually I", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00080-00039536-00040096": "experienced that a lot because", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00081-00039744-00040096": "I used to cycle", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00082-00040160-00040816": "like on the road we a road bike.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00083-00040463-00041031": "That was a very demanding sport and", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00084-00040816-00041224": "hydration was key especially on long", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00085-00041031-00041472": "distances...", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00086-00041224-00041600": "So, this is the second last set I have", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00087-00041472-00041936": "the full stack, it's about", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00088-00041600-00042144": "70 pounds each dumbbell uh", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00089-00041936-00042319": "I will try to get at least 10 reps as", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00090-00042144-00043784": "well and then", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00091-00042319-00043784": "move on to the last set with 5.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00092-00044884-00045184": "Uh", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00093-00047312-00048087": "so, as you might notice when I approach", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00094-00047728-00048303": "my working set or at least", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00095-00048087-00048456": "as heavy as I can, I start wearing wrist", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00096-00048303-00048768": "wraps.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00097-00048456-00049096": "First of all, because of", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00098-00048768-00049416": "protection and support", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00099-00049096-00049536": "and also because I like to have a", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00100-00049416-00049847": "suicide grip,", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00101-00049536-00050152": "so I don't engage that much", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00102-00049847-00050440": "the forearm when I", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00103-00050152-00050656": "grab the dumbbell. So, I like to have a", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00104-00050440-00050968": "little bit of a support on my wrist", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00105-00050656-00050968": "when it's in this position.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00106-00051040-00051800": "So yeah, we just say I will now", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00107-00051432-00052120": "move to the last set of", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00108-00051800-00052215": "flat dumbbell press and then to the next", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00109-00052120-00052551": "exercise.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00110-00052215-00052655": "So, this is the last set of 5 with 70", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00111-00052551-00052960": "pounds", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00112-00052655-00053151": "and then I will move on to some", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00113-00052960-00053295": "overhead triceps extension with both", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00114-00053151-00054983": "hands and", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00115-00053295-00054983": "will finish off with some dips.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00116-00057608-00058336": "So yeah, that was the last set um", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00117-00057976-00058600": "normally I will go as I said before", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00118-00058336-00058791": "for uh 80 pounds but I don't have access", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00119-00058600-00059136": "to the weight right now", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00120-00058791-00059344": "and yeah considering that I'm", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00121-00059136-00059567": "weaker than before probably, not being", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00122-00059344-00059912": "able to train that constantly,", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00123-00059567-00060224": "I think that 70s is good enough right now", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00124-00059912-00060439": "and probably slowly I will build up my", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00125-00060224-00060760": "strength again. So,", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00126-00060439-00060944": "yeah I will see you for the", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00127-00060760-00061167": "triceps extension.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00128-00060944-00061512": "So, I will be now doing tricep extensions and", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00129-00061167-00061567": "um for this particular exercise and", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00130-00061512-00061751": "usually", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00131-00061567-00061879": "when I target small muscle groups I like", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00132-00061751-00062167": "to keep", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00133-00061879-00062272": "the blood flowing so I do sets almost", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00134-00062167-00062616": "back to back", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00135-00062272-00062951": "I don't wait that long", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00136-00062616-00063327": "for I don't know... chest or legs,", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00137-00062951-00063488": "wen you basically train big", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00138-00063327-00063639": "muscle groups.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00139-00063488-00063936": "Also for instance when I do calves", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00140-00063639-00063983": "I do the same, when I do biceps as well.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00141-00063936-00064191": "So, yeah I will start", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00142-00063983-00064448": "with about 20 pounds I think I'll then move", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00143-00064191-00064767": "on to 40 and then", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00144-00064448-00066183": "finish off with 60 for about", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00145-00064767-00066183": "I think 20 reps each set.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00146-00070520-00070936": "I admit guys that the shape of this dumbbells", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00147-00070800-00071263": "it is a bit odd", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00148-00070936-00071600": "for particular exercises but", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00149-00071263-00071951": "I found out that actually can be", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00150-00071600-00072016": "used to your advantage for some others.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00151-00071951-00072320": "For instance,", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00152-00072016-00072432": "I can put both of them on my shoulders", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00153-00072320-00072656": "and they can", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00154-00072432-00072888": "stay almost flat for the particular", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00155-00072656-00073136": "shape that they have", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00156-00072888-00073232": "where actually the metal blocks", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00157-00073136-00073560": "attached", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00158-00073232-00073680": "attached and I can squat with them", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00159-00073560-00074007": "basically.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00160-00073680-00074336": "Uh, I wouldn't put too much weight", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00161-00074007-00074663": "for a balance reason mainly but", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00162-00074336-00075983": "yeah you can do that.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00163-00074663-00075983": "So, let's say we move on now to", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00164-00077083-00077383": "40 pounds and", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00165-00080072-00080776": "Ahh guys, you can also let me know", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00166-00080424-00080856": "in the comments what type of exercises", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00167-00080776-00081200": "you want or", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00168-00080856-00081568": "you would like me to show you and uh", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00169-00081200-00081872": "usually after a training session", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00170-00081568-00082400": "I finish up with some core.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00171-00081872-00082400": "It could be planks variations or", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00172-00082416-00082839": "just normal or different type of", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00173-00082688-00083048": "crunches actually", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00174-00082839-00083263": "and if you're interested in seeing that", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00175-00083048-00083639": "one day I might just record", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00176-00083263-00083639": "a video of my abs sessions.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00177-00083663-00084463": "And about warming up actually if", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00178-00084151-00084560": "you don't have any idea you can even get", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00179-00084463-00084919": "a rope and", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00180-00084560-00085007": "just warm up with that, it's very", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00181-00084919-00085327": "effective", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00182-00085007-00085448": "and I really like it because engages your", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00183-00085327-00085648": "whole body.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00184-00085448-00085824": "So, basically you can go straight down", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00185-00085648-00086192": "and train", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00186-00085824-00086424": "whatever body part essentially.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00187-00086192-00086639": "So, let me get some water and then I will", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00188-00086424-00086639": "do 60s", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00189-00094183-00094960": "So yeah, I couldn't quite get the last one", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00190-00094544-00095192": "but that's all good I will move on to", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00191-00094960-00095263": "dips right now.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00192-00095192-00095527": "So guys, I will be now doing", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00193-00095263-00095719": "dips just a couple of sets to", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00194-00095527-00096007": "finish off", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00195-00095719-00096127": "and yeah I really really like the dip", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00196-00096007-00096456": "machine but", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00197-00096127-00096704": "here I just will be using a chair and", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00198-00096456-00096880": "in order to get as much weight as", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00199-00096704-00097216": "possible", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00200-00096880-00097607": "I like to go just with the", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00201-00097216-00097944": "tip of my heels on the chair basically", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00202-00097607-00098016": "and I try to keep my elbows as close to", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00203-00097944-00098400": "the body", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00204-00098016-00099783": "as possible and yeah just", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00205-00098400-00099783": "go down as much as you can.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00206-00101639-00102072": "So, first done and by the way guys if you", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00207-00101944-00102583": "want to know", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00208-00102072-00102583": "my PR on the bench comment below and ask", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00209-00102600-00103983": "me...", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00210-00104295-00105383": "Start feeding the pump, let's start!", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00211-00107983-00108616": "Okay, and I'm done. I will be", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00212-00108296-00108728": "now moving on doing a bit of core as I", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00213-00108616-00109111": "said and", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00214-00108728-00109440": "if you like to see my", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00215-00109111-00109744": "core um", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00216-00109440-00109903": "set of uh exercises", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00217-00109744-00110072": "I will be happy to share them with you.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00218-00109903-00110240": "Just let me know in the comments below as", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00219-00110072-00110535": "I said before.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00220-00110240-00110664": "What I find out about these dips is", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00221-00110535-00110991": "actually that they", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00222-00110664-00111296": "target more the triceps", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00223-00110991-00111640": "rather than the lower chest like", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00224-00111296-00111944": "on the machine but hey that's", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00225-00111640-00112264": "what I can do and yeah.", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00226-00111944-00112520": "Until the next time stay safe!", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00227-00112264-00112688": "And a little bonus for who watched the", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00228-00112520-00112991": "video until", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00229-00112688-00113303": "the end...", "jmvWAM7Fgu4-00230-00113303-00113783": "Okay guys, I see you in the next one!"}}, {"audio_id": "jmyWBqIvErI", "text": {"jmyWBqIvErI-00000-00000102-00000238": "happy birthday", "jmyWBqIvErI-00001-00000312-00000509": "happy birthday party!", "jmyWBqIvErI-00002-00000574-00001436": "happy birthday to you happy bday to you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00003-00001576-00002064": "happy birthday dear one", "jmyWBqIvErI-00004-00002122-00002606": "happy birthday to you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00005-00002670-00003050": "from good friends and true", "jmyWBqIvErI-00006-00003184-00003638": "and from old friends and new", "jmyWBqIvErI-00007-00003718-00004226": "may good luck go with you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00008-00004284-00004752": "and happiness too again", "jmyWBqIvErI-00009-00004794-00005216": "happy birthday to you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00010-00005314-00005740": "all your dreams will come true", "jmyWBqIvErI-00011-00005834-00006348": "happy birthday, happy birthday", "jmyWBqIvErI-00012-00006386-00006778": "happy birthday to you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00013-00006962-00007345": "happy birthday to you dear one", "jmyWBqIvErI-00014-00007459-00007914": "happy birthday to you beautiful one", "jmyWBqIvErI-00015-00007962-00008440": "happy birthday, you are so great", "jmyWBqIvErI-00016-00008518-00008984": "happy birthday to you we love you!", "jmyWBqIvErI-00017-00009048-00009448": "happy birthday to you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00018-00009534-00010008": "and all your dreams will come true, amen!", "jmyWBqIvErI-00019-00010124-00010520": "happy bday, happy bday", "jmyWBqIvErI-00020-00010632-00011052": "happy bday to you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00021-00011166-00011564": "happy birthday to you, yes", "jmyWBqIvErI-00022-00011710-00012248": "so tell me please how old are you? wow", "jmyWBqIvErI-00023-00012270-00012748": "happy bday, happy bday", "jmyWBqIvErI-00024-00012812-00013228": "happy birthday to you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00025-00013326-00013836": "happy happy happy birthday to you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00026-00013869-00014354": "happy birthday to you  (tell me please how old are you)", "jmyWBqIvErI-00027-00014386-00014874": "happy birthday, happy birthday", "jmyWBqIvErI-00028-00014916-00015308": "happy birthday to you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00029-00015466-00016041": "from good friends and true, from old friends and new", "jmyWBqIvErI-00030-00016069-00016608": "may good luck go with you and happiness too, yes!", "jmyWBqIvErI-00031-00016834-00017210": "haapy birthday, happy bday", "jmyWBqIvErI-00032-00017296-00017638": "good luck, good fortune, happy life", "jmyWBqIvErI-00033-00017682-00017866": "we love you", "jmyWBqIvErI-00034-00017930-00018270": "yes, happy birthday", "jmyWBqIvErI-00035-00018352-00018552": "happy birthday!"}}, {"audio_id": "jnRNT4fraDM", "text": {"jnRNT4fraDM-00000-00000000-00000368": "Hey Everyone so in this video, what you're gonna find out is how we", "jnRNT4fraDM-00001-00000368-00000886": "did in the residential real estate market in Edmonton for 2019.", "jnRNT4fraDM-00002-00000886-00001158": "Also, you're gonna find out where we're going. what does the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00003-00001158-00001632": "residential real estate market in Edmonton for 2020? Look like", "jnRNT4fraDM-00004-00001632-00001892": "in addition, I'm gonna let you in on a few risks that could", "jnRNT4fraDM-00005-00001892-00002258": "affect this forecast. well, grab your coffee and let's get started", "jnRNT4fraDM-00006-00003529-00003908": "So you have your coffee and you're all settled in. Let's first", "jnRNT4fraDM-00007-00003908-00004354": "talk about what happened last year. so last year, I forecasted", "jnRNT4fraDM-00008-00004354-00004732": "that we would see an improvement in the market by October / the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00009-00004732-00005196": "last quarter of 2019. Well, we ended up seeing an improvement", "jnRNT4fraDM-00010-00005196-00005644": "much earlier in the year, and we end up having a little bit of", "jnRNT4fraDM-00011-00005644-00006088": "a slump in late 2019. with this improvement. just a blip? are we", "jnRNT4fraDM-00012-00006088-00006542": "starting to trend downward? well before I get into the details", "jnRNT4fraDM-00013-00006542-00006862": "go ahead and click that Subscribe button and the little Bell", "jnRNT4fraDM-00014-00006862-00007140": "You don't miss out on my residential real estate market", "jnRNT4fraDM-00015-00007140-00007622": "updates monthly, and other videos that I post Weekly. Okay. So", "jnRNT4fraDM-00016-00007622-00007922": "for the review of 2019, we're gonna look at two segments like a", "jnRNT4fraDM-00017-00007922-00008338": "normally do, the Single-family Detached home segment and the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00018-00008338-00008598": "condo segment. So we're gonna start with the Single-family", "jnRNT4fraDM-00019-00008598-00009290": "detached home segment sales versus inventory. We started 2019", "jnRNT4fraDM-00020-00009290-00009866": "with a large supply compared to 2018, and it wasn't until May 2019", "jnRNT4fraDM-00021-00009866-00010290": "where we saw our inventories drop below 2018, but they continue", "jnRNT4fraDM-00022-00010290-00010788": "to decline. Also in May 2019 is when our sales start outpacing", "jnRNT4fraDM-00023-00010788-00011400": "2018 sales in nearly every month for the rest of the year.", "jnRNT4fraDM-00024-00011400-00011866": "Similarly, with condos in Edmonton sales started to approve by", "jnRNT4fraDM-00025-00011866-00012398": "May 2019, though we did start with lower condo inventory in", "jnRNT4fraDM-00026-00012398-00012946": "2019 than we did in 2018, in fact, inventory levels in the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00027-00012946-00013510": "condo market for 2019 peak at about the. Same as the lowest", "jnRNT4fraDM-00028-00013510-00013941": "levels of condo inventory in 2018, this left buyers with fear", "jnRNT4fraDM-00029-00013941-00014356": "condo options, which is probably a good thing because there was", "jnRNT4fraDM-00030-00014356-00014986": "more sales in 2019. Your chance of selling also improved by May", "jnRNT4fraDM-00031-00014986-00015397": "for both single family and the economy segment. As you normally", "jnRNT4fraDM-00032-00015397-00015732": "hear me talk about in my monthly market updates the chance of", "jnRNT4fraDM-00033-00015732-00016128": "selling it helps you to find which market you're in. So you're", "jnRNT4fraDM-00034-00016128-00016436": "in a buyer's market when your chance of selling is zero to 30", "jnRNT4fraDM-00035-00016436-00016990": "percent, a balanced market is defined by 30 to 50 percent chance of", "jnRNT4fraDM-00036-00016990-00017360": "selling and a seller's market is 50 percent or greater for your", "jnRNT4fraDM-00037-00017360-00017674": "chance of selling the Single-family detached home segment", "jnRNT4fraDM-00038-00017674-00018114": "remained in a buyer's market for the full year. However, on a", "jnRNT4fraDM-00039-00018114-00018542": "positive note May to August were quite strong months even", "jnRNT4fraDM-00040-00018542-00018932": "though they were a buyer's market, they were pretty close to a", "jnRNT4fraDM-00041-00018932-00019236": "balanced market. In September even though your chance of", "jnRNT4fraDM-00042-00019236-00019532": "selling dropped by about five percent, it stayed flat for the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00043-00019532-00019900": "rest of the year. Condos on the other hand, well it wasn't really", "jnRNT4fraDM-00044-00019900-00020344": "much different, other than it was a strong buyer's market for condos for", "jnRNT4fraDM-00045-00020344-00020618": "the full year. Just like with the single-family detached", "jnRNT4fraDM-00046-00020618-00021004": "home segment, we saw a marked improvement in May and that", "jnRNT4fraDM-00047-00021004-00021416": "improvement carried throughout the whole year except December.", "jnRNT4fraDM-00048-00021416-00021694": "What does it mean for 2020? There was some positive growth in", "jnRNT4fraDM-00049-00021694-00022088": "2019 will that continue for 2020? Let's have a look of what", "jnRNT4fraDM-00050-00022088-00022360": "we're gonna see in the residential real estate market for", "jnRNT4fraDM-00051-00022360-00022796": "Edmonton for 2020. I attended the 2020 housing forecast by the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00052-00022796-00023174": "Realtors Association of Edmonton, and I have some great takeaways that I", "jnRNT4fraDM-00053-00023174-00023550": "wanna share with you. The following things that affect the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00054-00023550-00024192": "housing market are inflation, GDP rental vacancy, employment,", "jnRNT4fraDM-00055-00024192-00024670": "interest rates, and population growth. so first up inflation, the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00056-00024670-00025036": "chief economist for the Alberta government Catherine Rothrock", "jnRNT4fraDM-00057-00025036-00025428": "advised that inflation has eased amid the falling energy", "jnRNT4fraDM-00058-00025428-00025777": "prices, and she doesn't foresee it impacting consumer spending.", "jnRNT4fraDM-00059-00025777-00026192": "so with respect to the housing market when inflation eases it", "jnRNT4fraDM-00060-00026192-00026518": "stimulates spending, which means there could be. more people", "jnRNT4fraDM-00061-00026518-00026945": "looking to buy a home increasing demand. GDP, things look really", "jnRNT4fraDM-00062-00026945-00027392": "positive for GDP growth. Both the city Edmonton senior economist", "jnRNT4fraDM-00063-00027392-00027988": "for Felicia Mutherdy and Catherine from the Alberta government agreed that", "jnRNT4fraDM-00064-00027988-00028242": "GDP growth will be better in 2019", "jnRNT4fraDM-00065-00028242-00028710": "In 2019 we saw forecasted growth of 0.5% Edmonton", "jnRNT4fraDM-00066-00028710-00029086": "and 0.6% forecasted growth in Alberta. In 2020", "jnRNT4fraDM-00067-00029086-00029650": "GDP growth is expected to be 1.4% for Edmonton", "jnRNT4fraDM-00068-00029650-00030002": "and 2.7% for Alberta. Now, this is modest", "jnRNT4fraDM-00069-00030002-00030522": "growth. It's kinda like when it's minus 45 outside and", "jnRNT4fraDM-00070-00030522-00031052": "it warms up to a balmy minus 15. The important thing is that", "jnRNT4fraDM-00071-00031052-00031458": "we're moving in the right direction. Rental vacancies. Those", "jnRNT4fraDM-00072-00031458-00031862": "they're also improving. Felicia reported that they went from", "jnRNT4fraDM-00073-00031862-00032410": "7% in 2017 to 5.3% in 2018 to", "jnRNT4fraDM-00074-00032410-00032892": "4.9% In 2019. So basically with lower vacancy, you're gonna", "jnRNT4fraDM-00075-00032892-00033374": "start to see higher rental rates, which gets people looking at", "jnRNT4fraDM-00076-00033374-00033836": "their options, like homeownership and since home prices in", "jnRNT4fraDM-00077-00033836-00034188": "Edmonton are affordable, we may see demand improve as people", "jnRNT4fraDM-00078-00034188-00034712": "transition from renting to owning. In fact, Lynette Trombley vice", "jnRNT4fraDM-00079-00034712-00035126": "President of strategy innovation for Edmonton Global (and I", "jnRNT4fraDM-00080-00035126-00035680": "don't mean global Edmonton the TV network) she said that Edmonton", "jnRNT4fraDM-00081-00035680-00036042": "is one of the most affordable places for real estate in all of", "jnRNT4fraDM-00082-00036042-00036698": "Canada. Employment rather unemployment. These unemployment", "jnRNT4fraDM-00083-00036698-00037098": "rates unfortunately are gonna remain around the same as 2019.", "jnRNT4fraDM-00084-00037098-00037498": "Even though there's indications that these are easing gradually", "jnRNT4fraDM-00085-00037498-00037898": "as there is an increase in employment and employment hours, it's", "jnRNT4fraDM-00086-00037898-00038300": "seeming to be offset by immigration. So how does", "jnRNT4fraDM-00087-00038300-00038934": "this relate to real estate? Simple. If you have cash or a job you can", "jnRNT4fraDM-00088-00038934-00039366": "buy a House. Since, unemployment rates easing there may be", "jnRNT4fraDM-00089-00039366-00039702": "more home buyers entering the market, which increases the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00090-00039702-00040264": "demand. Interest rates. Lower for longer like oil prices? You", "jnRNT4fraDM-00091-00040264-00040594": "got it. It looks like interest rates aren't expected to change", "jnRNT4fraDM-00092-00040594-00040844": "much at all this year, which is great because lower interest", "jnRNT4fraDM-00093-00040844-00041352": "rates improves buying power. And, population growth. Everyone,", "jnRNT4fraDM-00094-00041352-00041784": "come, come to Edmonton. It's great! We have no mosquitoes in the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00095-00041784-00042268": "winter. Population growth is expected to be strong, so the", "jnRNT4fraDM-00096-00042268-00042792": "population grows and rental vacancies decrease. It looks like", "jnRNT4fraDM-00097-00042792-00043270": "it's likely that property ownership demand may be increasing", "jnRNT4fraDM-00098-00043270-00043598": "Where's everybody gonna live? as population grows. There's gonna be more", "jnRNT4fraDM-00099-00043598-00044056": "demand for housing. whether that's rental or home ownership. Oh", "jnRNT4fraDM-00100-00044056-00044286": "wait, I have another thing that could affect the housing", "jnRNT4fraDM-00101-00044286-00044728": "market. Qualifying rules. The government is now looking at taking a", "jnRNT4fraDM-00102-00044728-00045158": "regional approach to the mortgage qualifying rules. So should", "jnRNT4fraDM-00103-00045158-00045624": "these rules ease in our region that get also increase demand", "jnRNT4fraDM-00104-00045624-00046044": "for home ownership. All in all, 2020 looks pretty positive.", "jnRNT4fraDM-00105-00046044-00046294": "Everything seems to be indicating increased demand for home", "jnRNT4fraDM-00106-00046294-00046636": "ownership, other than the unemployment rates, but those are", "jnRNT4fraDM-00107-00046636-00046946": "starting to ease and they just need time to gain momentum. We", "jnRNT4fraDM-00108-00046946-00047356": "definitely won't shift from a strong buyer's market, right", "jnRNT4fraDM-00109-00047356-00047780": "into a seller's market, but things for 2020 are definitely looking", "jnRNT4fraDM-00110-00047780-00048070": "more balanced. So, depending on which statement you are in,", "jnRNT4fraDM-00111-00048070-00048296": "you'll definitely see a difference between single-family", "jnRNT4fraDM-00112-00048296-00048708": "detached homes and condominiums, and as I promised the risk", "jnRNT4fraDM-00113-00048708-00049056": "that could affect this positive outlook on the housing market", "jnRNT4fraDM-00114-00049056-00049596": "are from a big picture include: a global recession, changes in US", "jnRNT4fraDM-00115-00049596-00050064": "policy, and no movement on pipelines. And from a more local", "jnRNT4fraDM-00116-00050064-00050676": "perspective: oil prices dropping, consumer confidence, and major", "jnRNT4fraDM-00117-00050676-00051226": "rollbacks in the public sector, as 28% of Edmonton's", "jnRNT4fraDM-00118-00051226-00051602": "workforce is in the public sector, Okay. So here's my advice", "jnRNT4fraDM-00119-00051602-00052150": "for buyers and sellers. First sellers. We're seeing price", "jnRNT4fraDM-00120-00052150-00052528": "stabilization with a decrease in supply and an increase in", "jnRNT4fraDM-00121-00052528-00052844": "demand. If you're listing your House for sale, you may not get", "jnRNT4fraDM-00122-00052844-00053152": "multiple offers, but I also don't see you having to consider a", "jnRNT4fraDM-00123-00053152-00053552": "lowball offer if your priced at market value. And, buyers this is", "jnRNT4fraDM-00124-00053552-00053890": "for you. All indications show that there won't be dramatic price", "jnRNT4fraDM-00125-00053890-00054446": "increases in 2020, but and a big BUT, things are moving in that direction,", "jnRNT4fraDM-00126-00054446-00054986": "so if you wanna be a homeowner or an investor, 2020 is the year", "jnRNT4fraDM-00127-00054986-00055510": "to do it. Lower prices, low interest rates. This is an ideal time", "jnRNT4fraDM-00128-00055510-00055805": "to buy. If you wait too long, you could be scrambling for", "jnRNT4fraDM-00129-00055805-00056194": "something to buy that you can afford or that you wanna spend.", "jnRNT4fraDM-00130-00056194-00056548": "I'm Jen McPhillamey, Real Estate Associate REALTOR® with YEGPro Realty", "jnRNT4fraDM-00131-00056548-00057004": "As you may or may not know Edmonton's market isn't only", "jnRNT4fraDM-00132-00057004-00057482": "segmented by single-family detached homes, condos, duplexes, rowhouses", "jnRNT4fraDM-00133-00057482-00057890": "We are also segmented by our neighbourhoods, even in a", "jnRNT4fraDM-00134-00057890-00058286": "strong buyer's market overall, some neighbourhoods are in a", "jnRNT4fraDM-00135-00058286-00058594": "seller's market. If you're interested to learn more about a", "jnRNT4fraDM-00136-00058594-00058958": "market in a specific neighborhood in Edmonton area just reach", "jnRNT4fraDM-00137-00058958-00059248": "out to me and I'll get you that information. Thanks for watching", "jnRNT4fraDM-00138-00059248-00059636": "and I'll see you on my next video. Bye!"}}, {"audio_id": "kou6olw1cb4", "text": {"kou6olw1cb4-00000-00000003-00000378": "Hey guys I'm glad to see you back on Machen Design", "kou6olw1cb4-00001-00000378-00001092": "we will be learning to make a machine vise on Autodesk Inventor 2018", "kou6olw1cb4-00002-00001254-00001536": "this is an animated explosion of Machine Vise", "kou6olw1cb4-00003-00001536-00001955": "let me guide you through the parts that the whole grey part is the body", "kou6olw1cb4-00004-00001955-00002764": "then comes the screw rod, nuts, the lock nut, washer, screw M6, jaw grip", "kou6olw1cb4-00005-00002764-00003360": "screw M6 again clamping plates and movable job so let's get started", "kou6olw1cb4-00006-00004460-00005244": "let's start making the body of machine vise let's go to file", "kou6olw1cb4-00007-00005284-00005712": "click on metric standard mm and create", "kou6olw1cb4-00008-00005789-00006407": "click on start sketch 2D click on the XY plane", "kou6olw1cb4-00009-00006407-00007121": "the bottom length is 230 mm we shall subtract the sides that is 5 and 5", "kou6olw1cb4-00010-00007121-00007850": "on each side let's go to line take the length as", "kou6olw1cb4-00011-00007850-00008803": "230-5-5 let's go to line again", "kou6olw1cb4-00012-00008821-00009809": "the vertical length is 85 mm let's draw the line from their 85 yeah", "kou6olw1cb4-00013-00010182-00010853": "now the horizontal length is 40-5", "kou6olw1cb4-00014-00010879-00011627": "so 40 - 5 that is 35  the vertical length is 25", "kou6olw1cb4-00015-00011627-00012455": "let's go to line again 25 there we go now there's a small gap over there", "kou6olw1cb4-00016-00012455-00013187": "the length is 5 for the line take it as 5 mm there we go", "kou6olw1cb4-00017-00013187-00013868": "the length on the left side of the body that is the vertical length with be 27+30", "kou6olw1cb4-00018-00013868-00014801": "lets go to line and draw it up 27+30 that's 30+27 okay as 57 let's draw", "kou6olw1cb4-00019-00014801-00015394": "a straight line to a point were there oh okay yeah let's draw vertical line", "kou6olw1cb4-00020-00015394-00016160": "to connect those two lines so we're done with that now let's fillet it it has a", "kou6olw1cb4-00021-00016160-00017000": "radius of 10 that's what a fillet type in 10 click on those two lines that one and", "kou6olw1cb4-00022-00017000-00017987": "the other one okay now once this is done let's click on finish sketch so that", "kou6olw1cb4-00023-00017987-00018650": "we can extrude the body let's go to extrude", "kou6olw1cb4-00024-00018650-00019331": "the extrude length is 100 mm so extruding it by 100 mm would be appropriate I'm sorry", "kou6olw1cb4-00025-00019331-00019960": "hundred okay yeah now that's done", "kou6olw1cb4-00026-00019972-00020501": "perfect now we'll have to make these sides of it so let's go to origin", "kou6olw1cb4-00027-00020501-00021284": "XZ plane let's go to origin XZ plane and then go to new sketch so once we go to a", "kou6olw1cb4-00028-00021284-00021820": "new sketch let's draw the wing part of the body at this side part the distance", "kou6olw1cb4-00029-00021820-00022695": "of seen has 115 mm we'll have a subtract 5 from that so 115-5", "kou6olw1cb4-00030-00022731-00024143": "yeah that's great 110 now we shall draw the vertical distance the length of the", "kou6olw1cb4-00031-00024143-00025112": "vertical distance would be that one that's hundred or 154 -100 divided by 2", "kou6olw1cb4-00032-00025112-00026152": "154 in brackets minus hundred divided by 2 will get us 27", "kou6olw1cb4-00033-00026152-00026891": "perfect that is a small length that is that small length", "kou6olw1cb4-00034-00026891-00027489": "now the radius is 13 so let's go to arc centre point let's click on the point draw a", "kou6olw1cb4-00035-00027489-00028720": "30 mm radius that's right ah Now it is done now there's another arc of", "kou6olw1cb4-00036-00028720-00029455": "8mm let's go to arc centre point arc of 8 click on ok", "kou6olw1cb4-00037-00029455-00029997": "lets draw it perfect", "kou6olw1cb4-00038-00030431-00031189": "now once this is done we have extended by 13 mm as it is shown in the diagram", "kou6olw1cb4-00039-00031264-00031969": "13 and the other side will also be 13", "kou6olw1cb4-00040-00032669-00033680": "the length on each side is 40 so let's extend it to 40 by 2", "kou6olw1cb4-00041-00034144-00034682": "there is an arc which has the radius of 13 so let's draw that over there", "kou6olw1cb4-00042-00034682-00035713": "let's go to arc centre point click on the point 13 enter let's draw the arc or be", "kou6olw1cb4-00043-00035713-00036395": "one-fourth of it that would be 1/4 of a circle so once we watch this 13 let's", "kou6olw1cb4-00044-00036395-00036718": "remove all the dimensions", "kou6olw1cb4-00045-00036809-00037787": "now let's go to line join them all on that join this okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00046-00037787-00038621": "now the bottom distance is 120 so we'll have to take the line command and draw a line of 120", "kou6olw1cb4-00047-00038621-00039043": "divided by 2 that's 60", "kou6olw1cb4-00048-00039073-00039726": "once this is done draw a line again draw a random line", "kou6olw1cb4-00049-00039726-00040579": "then go to arc click on the last point final point click on lock", "kou6olw1cb4-00050-00040579-00041227": "and click on the tangent click on this arc and then the line only when we do this it", "kou6olw1cb4-00051-00041227-00041737": "comes properly or else to be disordered now let's remove the lock by deleting it", "kou6olw1cb4-00052-00041737-00042195": "and let's trim the extra portion", "kou6olw1cb4-00053-00042251-00043298": "trim that, trim that now this is done let's check it out from all the views", "kou6olw1cb4-00054-00043373-00044150": "after we check them  we will be extruding living", "kou6olw1cb4-00055-00044218-00044618": "let's go to finish sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00056-00044713-00046167": "the height is 20 thats 20 mm click over there 20 okay so the extrusion is done", "kou6olw1cb4-00057-00046167-00046834": "let's make the other sketch visible let's extrude that by 23 or extrude", "kou6olw1cb4-00058-00046834-00048103": "next by 23 type in 23 okay sketch visibility's off let's mirror whatever", "kou6olw1cb4-00059-00048103-00048814": "we have extruded for a.. click on the feature click on the middle plane", "kou6olw1cb4-00060-00048814-00049513": "that would be a 1 okay so now this is done   let's use plane in mid plane", "kou6olw1cb4-00061-00049513-00049869": "so we can find the mid plane between the body on the other side also", "kou6olw1cb4-00062-00049869-00050392": "yeah now we can mirror the whole thing on the other side for the mirror", "kou6olw1cb4-00063-00050392-00051196": "click on feature click on everything put a mirror plane click on that even", "kou6olw1cb4-00064-00051196-00051934": "that is done if you click OK okay let's make the whole plane invisible once we", "kou6olw1cb4-00065-00051934-00052632": "are done with this let's start making the one that now we are done with that", "kou6olw1cb4-00066-00052632-00053354": "let's go to that let's go over there right click new sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00067-00053510-00054118": "let's go to view view style wireframe", "kou6olw1cb4-00068-00054240-00055219": "sketch let's draw a line the line would be 60 total length would be 60 so half", "kou6olw1cb4-00069-00055219-00056327": "of 60 would be 30 60 divided by 2 30 the height would be 10", "kou6olw1cb4-00070-00056415-00057505": "draw a line then small length would be 60 minus 52 divided by 2", "kou6olw1cb4-00071-00057546-00058308": "at 60 - 52 / 2", "kou6olw1cb4-00072-00058710-00059502": "okay now a top length would be 13 so it's 10 - 3", "kou6olw1cb4-00073-00059503-00060075": "its 10-13 that would give us 3", "kou6olw1cb4-00074-00060253-00060874": "so distance between those two planes is nothing but forty so half of it would be 20", "kou6olw1cb4-00075-00060874-00061578": "let's go to line two a straight line", "kou6olw1cb4-00076-00061889-00062652": "let's go for 20 forty divided by two", "kou6olw1cb4-00077-00062736-00063244": "let's connect it with another line and delete the old line", "kou6olw1cb4-00078-00063674-00064079": "let's delete that yeah let's do the other ones dimensions   also", "kou6olw1cb4-00079-00064350-00064824": "yeah all the dimensions are removed", "kou6olw1cb4-00080-00064966-00065686": "let's go on making the whole sketch for the line extend the line till there", "kou6olw1cb4-00081-00066184-00066426": "let's draw the mid line and connect it", "kou6olw1cb4-00083-00067252-00068760": "now let's mirror them go to mirror  select the lines 1 2 3 4 5 done mirror line", "kou6olw1cb4-00084-00068760-00069350": "click on that line and click on apply so that's done let's click on the line and", "kou6olw1cb4-00085-00069350-00069860": "correct them yeah totally done even down finish  sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00086-00070404-00070984": "for the let's go to view here let's get back to view extrude", "kou6olw1cb4-00087-00071474-00072364": "let's extrude the diagram which we made the whole length is to 230 - 40 -15", "kou6olw1cb4-00089-00072603-00073581": "- 5 to 230 - 40 minus 15 is also appropriate keep on that yeah", "kou6olw1cb4-00090-00073581-00074588": "click on those two okay we're done with the body part half of it still lots is there", "kou6olw1cb4-00092-00075338-00075794": "let's go to that part new sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00093-00075968-00076714": "the height is 30 so let's draw a line of 30 so that would be a midpoint for a circle", "kou6olw1cb4-00094-00076944-00078140": "the circles diameters 32 lets go to circle click on  circle 32 yes the smaller diameter", "kou6olw1cb4-00095-00078140-00079216": "would be 12  that's done let's see from another view finish sketch we can", "kou6olw1cb4-00096-00079228-00079896": "extrude this part extrude the inner circle is let it go inside cut it", "kou6olw1cb4-00097-00079984-00080070": "okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00098-00080462-00081170": "let's see outer circle by going to the x.25 make it visible extrude the outer part", "kou6olw1cb4-00099-00081366-00082108": "by five okay now let me to sketch invisible we're", "kou6olw1cb4-00100-00082108-00082184": "done with that", "kou6olw1cb4-00101-00082424-00083392": "we shall do the same on the other side new sketch the height is 30 let's draw a line", "kou6olw1cb4-00102-00083442-00084436": "of the height 30  let's draw a line of height 30 Circle Circle would be 32", "kou6olw1cb4-00103-00084834-00085208": "smaller diameter of 20 that's done", "kou6olw1cb4-00104-00085764-00086230": "let's go to extrude select the inner circle", "kou6olw1cb4-00105-00086318-00087138": "let's cut it out okay okay let's make the sketch by visible", "kou6olw1cb4-00106-00087308-00088092": "let's click on extrude and extrude the part and that will be fine okay let's make the sketch invisible", "kou6olw1cb4-00108-00088420-00088532": "now we're done with that", "kou6olw1cb4-00109-00089078-00089719": "let's make the oil holes this 10 mm apart let's go click on that in new sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00110-00089720-00090294": "line click over there 10 millimeters", "kou6olw1cb4-00112-00091168-00092008": "let's click on hole let's drag that over that scroll over, from sketch before the", "kou6olw1cb4-00113-00092008-00093054": "option countersink click on that part the diameter would be 3 this would be 2", "kou6olw1cb4-00114-00093864-00094054": "we should increase the length", "kou6olw1cb4-00115-00094258-00094652": "yeah let's pull it over their head go through okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00116-00094822-00094996": "so one oil hole is done", "kou6olw1cb4-00117-00095470-00096038": "let's right-click on that new sketch we shall make one more oil hole", "kou6olw1cb4-00118-00096039-00096541": "right from the center that distance is 20", "kou6olw1cb4-00119-00096541-00097179": "let's click on line let go that 20", "kou6olw1cb4-00120-00097469-00097762": "finish catch", "kou6olw1cb4-00121-00097966-00098868": "hole, from sketch, click on the sketch countersink this will be three", "kou6olw1cb4-00122-00099052-00099556": "fine let's see from another angle another view let's pull it down so it", "kou6olw1cb4-00123-00099556-00099862": "comes out yeah okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00124-00100388-00100438": "lets go to view", "kou6olw1cb4-00125-00100438-00101282": "wireframe yeah it's all proper both the oil holes are passing through", "kou6olw1cb4-00126-00101526-00102498": "lets get back shaded with edge let's right-click new sketch let's right-click new sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00127-00102498-00103459": "the distance is 12.5 another two holes another two holes 12.5", "kou6olw1cb4-00128-00103758-00104230": "the distance between them us the distance between them a 60 60 /2", "kou6olw1cb4-00129-00104230-00105148": "would be 30 it's 30 on the other side and 60 on the other side", "kou6olw1cb4-00130-00105218-00105333": "there it goes", "kou6olw1cb4-00131-00105709-00106226": "yeah let's finish sketch go to hole click on", "kou6olw1cb4-00132-00106230-00107222": "them from sketch, countersink that one click on that click on that diameter is 5", "kou6olw1cb4-00133-00107446-00107814": "deep is 13 okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00134-00108144-00108372": "Threading to be given", "kou6olw1cb4-00135-00108372-00109076": "Cick on that specification ISO metric size would be M6 for a fixed size and others", "kou6olw1cb4-00136-00109511-00109724": "m6 okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00137-00109866-00110050": "same thing should be done there", "kou6olw1cb4-00138-00110074-00110624": "thread on that ISO metric type six", "kou6olw1cb4-00139-00110748-00110852": "okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00140-00111408-00111628": "lets go to fillet and fillet the edges", "kou6olw1cb4-00141-00111982-00112032": "fillet", "kou6olw1cb4-00142-00112068-00112983": "radius click oh there there there there there okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00143-00112983-00113172": "wherever it is necessary", "kou6olw1cb4-00144-00113842-00114032": "yeah going on", "kou6olw1cb4-00145-00115166-00115442": "so finding all the parts for fillet", "kou6olw1cb4-00146-00115878-00116416": "that one the other one", "kou6olw1cb4-00147-00116570-00117216": "the other wing side yeah unsaved yeah apply", "kou6olw1cb4-00148-00117430-00118285": "cancel let's put another radius of 5 it's really so cool yeah say it on the", "kou6olw1cb4-00149-00118285-00118927": "other side okay apply cancel it", "kou6olw1cb4-00150-00119131-00119655": "it's called a threading, click that one", "kou6olw1cb4-00151-00119730-00120458": "specification is a ISO metric profile size is 12 cancel thread the other one is", "kou6olw1cb4-00152-00120458-00121026": "ISO metric profile apply so we are almost done with it", "kou6olw1cb4-00153-00121026-00122104": "let's got a file, iproperties, physical I choose a material to be iron that's cast iron", "kou6olw1cb4-00154-00122104-00122766": "close let's save the file save as", "kou6olw1cb4-00155-00122959-00123676": "the body of the Vice", "kou6olw1cb4-00156-00123768-00123850": "save", "kou6olw1cb4-00157-00124330-00125104": "the second part would be the Movable Jaw so let's go to file metric standard mm", "kou6olw1cb4-00158-00125104-00126530": "create start sketch XY plane the distance is 50 and the height is 45", "kou6olw1cb4-00159-00126530-00128303": "let's add a rectangle that would be 50 and the height is 45 the height", "kou6olw1cb4-00160-00128303-00128938": "again over there is 3 mm let's take a line extended", "kou6olw1cb4-00161-00128958-00129677": "the horizontal length is five line let's extend it", "kou6olw1cb4-00162-00129733-00129794": "five", "kou6olw1cb4-00163-00130133-00130796": "so the height is 25 let's extended line again", "kou6olw1cb4-00164-00131359-00132154": "the other distance that is the horizontal line that is 35mm line three five", "kou6olw1cb4-00165-00132154-00133149": "yeah the height over there is 10 mm so let's go to line draw a line of 10 mm", "kou6olw1cb4-00166-00133149-00134329": "draw it straight up 10 take another line for straight lines or intersects the top", "kou6olw1cb4-00167-00134329-00134556": "line", "kou6olw1cb4-00168-00134640-00135225": "okay it's cutting them", "kou6olw1cb4-00169-00135560-00136182": "there should be a fillet over there let's go to fillet the fillet radius would be 10", "kou6olw1cb4-00170-00136182-00136774": "click on those two lines okay all done", "kou6olw1cb4-00171-00137094-00137604": "fillet on the other side that's radius 3 click on those two lines", "kou6olw1cb4-00172-00137604-00137901": "okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00173-00138148-00139024": "finish sketch let's extrude apart the extrude lenght is 40", "kou6olw1cb4-00174-00139530-00140758": "the bottom part would be 40 yeah that's on both the sides oh yeah okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00175-00140759-00141228": "let's go to extrusion one make the sketch visible", "kou6olw1cb4-00176-00141228-00141872": "well the top part should also be extended by a length of 100 extrude", "kou6olw1cb4-00177-00141872-00142804": "length is hundred extrude in both sides by 50 and 50 okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00178-00142804-00143623": "now we got the outer covering with this the sketch is invisible the distance of that is", "kou6olw1cb4-00179-00143623-00144045": "twenty-seven new sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00180-00144418-00145736": "let's go to line draw midline from there 27 yeah let's draw a circle of 20", "kou6olw1cb4-00181-00145736-00146395": "diameter circle 20 diameter", "kou6olw1cb4-00182-00146591-00147035": "let's see from the other angle from the", "kou6olw1cb4-00183-00147035-00147575": "sketch let's extrude it click on that let's make a hole over", "kou6olw1cb4-00184-00147575-00148244": "there here yes going through click on OK", "kou6olw1cb4-00185-00148316-00149403": "now we are left with four holes those are the two holes the distance", "kou6olw1cb4-00186-00149403-00150161": "between them is 60 let's go to line let's see the middle line", "kou6olw1cb4-00188-00150525-00151459": "15.5 let be the top distance click on line again 30 the other side would be", "kou6olw1cb4-00189-00151459-00152450": "60 now we can make the holes just click on finish sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00190-00152450-00153838": "let's go to hole, from sketch over there and there the forth option that's countersink", "kou6olw1cb4-00191-00153884-00154712": "the depth is 13 diameter is 5", "kou6olw1cb4-00192-00155151-00155447": "thirteen", "kou6olw1cb4-00193-00155450-00156700": "this would be four okay to holds are done let's go see that", "kou6olw1cb4-00194-00156704-00157057": "let's go to the bottom", "kou6olw1cb4-00195-00157321-00158151": "two more holds the distance is 24 let's right-click new sketch line", "kou6olw1cb4-00196-00158151-00159102": "draw the line from there okay center point of that line and the", "kou6olw1cb4-00197-00159102-00159689": "distance would be 24 divided by 2 that is 12", "kou6olw1cb4-00198-00159968-00160830": "24 okay finish sketch let's make holes over there click on hole click on those", "kou6olw1cb4-00199-00160830-00161787": "two points depth is 13 dammit as Phi as usual same thing okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00200-00161787-00162771": "so we're done with the mobile jaw you have to give it properties ok threading", "kou6olw1cb4-00201-00162771-00163389": "is left specification reading specification isometric profile things", "kou6olw1cb4-00202-00163389-00163742": "fine up line", "kou6olw1cb4-00203-00164044-00165105": "ready to begin for the polls on our dad specification is a metric profile", "kou6olw1cb4-00204-00165304-00166177": "m600 for so go for size sex fly do the same thing for the other side", "kou6olw1cb4-00205-00166177-00166690": "specification isometric size 6 applied", "kou6olw1cb4-00206-00166702-00167284": "same thing would be done there click on that specification isometric size is 6", "kou6olw1cb4-00207-00167284-00168443": "apply see anything over there is metric size 6 apply we are done with this this", "kou6olw1cb4-00208-00168443-00169327": "what a file and give it properties file I properties physical iodine cast apply", "kou6olw1cb4-00209-00169327-00169627": "close", "kou6olw1cb4-00210-00169662-00170203": "let's save the file save as", "kou6olw1cb4-00211-00170222-00170517": "we'll be Jo", "kou6olw1cb4-00212-00170565-00170771": "you", "kou6olw1cb4-00213-00170885-00172008": "say okay let's design the third pot that is the JA grub let's go to file metric", "kou6olw1cb4-00214-00172008-00172979": "standard mm create let's go to start to D scratch XY plane let's take a", "kou6olw1cb4-00215-00172979-00174285": "rectangle of 28 and 100mm 28 and 100 that's handed over there and 28 in this", "kou6olw1cb4-00216-00174285-00175630": "side that's been a sketch and extruded the extrude distance is 8 okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00217-00175630-00176849": "click on OK new sketch we'll have to make two holes 260 meet 60 mm apart", "kou6olw1cb4-00218-00176849-00177873": "height of 12.5 right of 12.5 mm 30 on each side 30 over 60 on the other side", "kou6olw1cb4-00219-00177873-00179121": "let's finish catch and make holes hole click on those two points fourth option", "kou6olw1cb4-00220-00179121-00179723": "that's countersink the diameter is 12", "kou6olw1cb4-00221-00180062-00181437": "the bellow diameter is 6.3 and the distance is 8 okay so we call it over", "kou6olw1cb4-00222-00181437-00181670": "there", "kou6olw1cb4-00223-00182060-00182852": "right click properties let's go talon", "kou6olw1cb4-00224-00182852-00183896": "nulling 45 face so when all that let's go to i properties physical", "kou6olw1cb4-00225-00184322-00185231": "it's steel cast which should also be named as Castile let's go to file and", "kou6olw1cb4-00226-00185231-00186248": "save it it's called as geography and there we go let's make the 3d model of a", "kou6olw1cb4-00227-00186248-00187312": "screw so let's go to file metric standard mm create start sketch XY plane", "kou6olw1cb4-00228-00187312-00188942": "the distance would be 16 line 16 the height would be 12 draw a line that's 12", "kou6olw1cb4-00229-00188942-00190330": "divided by 2 6 on each side another line over there 6 divided by 2 would be 3", "kou6olw1cb4-00230-00190330-00191678": "distance is 16 minus 4 that would be 16 minus 4 and join the two points to ends", "kou6olw1cb4-00231-00191678-00192167": "line click over there click over fin a sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00232-00192167-00193148": "let's revolve it click on the plane profile then the access okay this part", "kou6olw1cb4-00233-00193148-00193619": "is done we'll have to get a notch over there of 1.6 mm distance let's make a", "kou6olw1cb4-00234-00193619-00195137": "new sketch rectangle sketch for to plug it over there 1.6 B the length if in a", "kou6olw1cb4-00235-00195137-00196430": "sketch let's extrude it cut it over there the distance is 1.9 so it cut to a", "kou6olw1cb4-00236-00196430-00197299": "distance of 1.9 click on up here most of this crew is ready let's jump for it", "kou6olw1cb4-00237-00197299-00198299": "click on the edge that would be one apply okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00238-00198299-00199120": "threading let's click on that pod specification isometric profile done", "kou6olw1cb4-00239-00199120-00200554": "apply let's given the property file I properties physical general metric Fe 4", "kou6olw1cb4-00240-00200554-00201105": "10 w apply file and let's save it", "kou6olw1cb4-00241-00201148-00201946": "screw em 6 okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00242-00202247-00202909": "let's come to the most important part screw rod let's make a 3d model of it", "kou6olw1cb4-00243-00202909-00204019": "there's your a file metric standard mm create start 2d sketch XY plane as usual", "kou6olw1cb4-00244-00204175-00205453": "the distance over the the length is 250 mm plus 40 so that would be 40 plus 250", "kou6olw1cb4-00245-00205453-00208198": "yeah that distance is 32 32 divided by 2 will be 16 the length is 40 okay one of", "kou6olw1cb4-00246-00208198-00209876": "the line 16 the other length is 20 so 20 divided by 2 will be can do 2 distances", "kou6olw1cb4-00247-00209876-00211550": "170 plus 40 that is 40 plus 170 let's connect them again the distance over", "kou6olw1cb4-00248-00211550-00212552": "there is 12 so 12 divided by 2 would be 6 so 12 divided by 2 6 the land over", "kou6olw1cb4-00249-00212552-00213328": "that is 18 mm again okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00250-00213689-00214606": "that lent the stem click online take it over there if I let's join that", "kou6olw1cb4-00251-00214606-00215085": "connected over there yeah well done", "kou6olw1cb4-00252-00215136-00215623": "those watts let's trim it off", "kou6olw1cb4-00253-00215644-00216519": "trim the other parts delete the dimensions trim trim them yeah all done", "kou6olw1cb4-00254-00216519-00217329": "let's finish sketch and revolve it let's click on the wall yeah", "kou6olw1cb4-00255-00217329-00218157": "click on the profile than the axis okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00256-00218460-00220323": "let's fill out that part by a radius of 3 apply cancel X Z plane right-click new", "kou6olw1cb4-00257-00220323-00221323": "sketch as usual let's draw a line to that distance of 20 let's also call over", "kou6olw1cb4-00258-00221323-00221863": "there and let's cut it through", "kou6olw1cb4-00259-00222155-00223458": "the line is 20 so good soak understand the diameter stands infinite sketch it's", "kou6olw1cb4-00260-00223458-00224569": "eight steward so we cut through it yeah cut on both sides extended okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00261-00225410-00225925": "let's help threading go to thread", "kou6olw1cb4-00262-00226222-00227292": "the offset distance would be 40 and the length would be 170 specification I a", "kou6olw1cb4-00263-00227292-00228059": "somatic profile okay apply cancel now in other threading", "kou6olw1cb4-00264-00228059-00228506": "should be done click on full thread click on the end part of it", "kou6olw1cb4-00265-00228506-00230114": "specification isometric profile apply cancel or of it is done this or tools", "kou6olw1cb4-00266-00230114-00230414": "material", "kou6olw1cb4-00267-00230578-00232350": "and added the materials not there that's why I'm adding it Fe for 10w metal apply", "kou6olw1cb4-00268-00232608-00234025": "3d file AI properties physical search for Fei Fe apply close this go to file", "kou6olw1cb4-00269-00234025-00235261": "and save it save it as screw rod say now we are ready with the screw rod let's go", "kou6olw1cb4-00270-00235261-00236292": "to our next part let's make a washer screw let's go to file metric standard", "kou6olw1cb4-00271-00236292-00237117": "mm and create 2d sketch XY plane as usual the diameter is 32 and the dime", "kou6olw1cb4-00272-00237117-00238192": "inner diameter is 10.5 so yeah then a diameter is 10.5 let's X Oh", "kou6olw1cb4-00273-00238192-00238635": "let's finish sketch and extruded", "kou6olw1cb4-00274-00238860-00239716": "distance is 3 ok mmm let's go to file I property is give it", "kou6olw1cb4-00275-00239716-00240814": "properties physical that would be Fe 4 10 w apply close file save it as let's", "kou6olw1cb4-00276-00240814-00241302": "save it as washer see him", "kou6olw1cb4-00277-00241556-00242592": "de nada let's go to file salad mmm create 2d sketch XY plane did not", "kou6olw1cb4-00278-00242592-00243484": "diameter is 10 so cool let's take it as 10 mm", "kou6olw1cb4-00279-00243944-00245235": "another one is a hexagon so nine distances 18.7 2/2 same thing on the", "kou6olw1cb4-00280-00245235-00246098": "other side into two let's go to polygon say excited", "kou6olw1cb4-00281-00246098-00246935": "click on the center extend it till that yeah done", "kou6olw1cb4-00282-00246998-00247511": "let's delete the part delete that", "kou6olw1cb4-00283-00247581-00248544": "finish sketch and let's extrude let's extrude it the distance is 8 so let's", "kou6olw1cb4-00284-00248544-00250431": "give it as 8 mm okay okay could origin exit plane right leg in your sketch", "kou6olw1cb4-00285-00250431-00251361": "let's draw a line from there to 1.5 you'll get to know what I'm doing", "kou6olw1cb4-00286-00251361-00252594": "another line form they at 1.5 let's join them once that is done let's draw a line", "kou6olw1cb4-00287-00252594-00253582": "over there and in this sketch let's revolve it that part then the", "kou6olw1cb4-00288-00253582-00254494": "accesses over there cut it okay now we got to see that the midplane between", "kou6olw1cb4-00289-00254494-00255071": "those two planes would be found and we will be mirroring it my plane is found", "kou6olw1cb4-00290-00255071-00255785": "let's go to Mira feature meadow plane click on that", "kou6olw1cb4-00291-00255785-00257041": "ok let's hide the male walking plane and visibility yeah then I properties", "kou6olw1cb4-00292-00257041-00258400": "physical read he 14 w apply close let's save the nut save it as not what", "kou6olw1cb4-00293-00258400-00259396": "else could be same a nut is ready now we are neither not the distance of 5 so", "kou6olw1cb4-00294-00259396-00260360": "let's go rope extrude edit feature let's make that file ok this as simple as that", "kou6olw1cb4-00295-00260360-00260861": "do not sew a different dimension the same thing save it as", "kou6olw1cb4-00296-00260861-00262204": "lock not saved let's design the clamping plate for that we'll have to go to file", "kou6olw1cb4-00297-00262210-00263021": "metric standard mm create as usual as we're a star sketch XY plane now the", "kou6olw1cb4-00298-00263021-00263708": "dimension would be a rectangle that'd be a square 50 and 50 on either", "kou6olw1cb4-00299-00263708-00264583": "sides four sides would be 50 50 50 50 50 and 50", "kou6olw1cb4-00300-00264583-00265247": "okay we got a square now we'll have to make holes through the square fin a", "kou6olw1cb4-00301-00265247-00266356": "scratch next to it before that extrude it by 8 mm that's good as root 8 okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00302-00266356-00267269": "once this is done your sketch over there let's take the center point between them", "kou6olw1cb4-00303-00267269-00268277": "that would be 25 and the distance between them would be 24 it's 25 24 one", "kou6olw1cb4-00304-00268277-00269218": "side let's divide by 2 12 and 24 till there if in a sketch let's make a holes", "kou6olw1cb4-00305-00269218-00269996": "go there from sketch countersink the hole over there the hole over there", "kou6olw1cb4-00306-00269996-00270944": "the whole diameters - well that would be 2 L the distance would be 8 as given and", "kou6olw1cb4-00307-00270944-00272066": "the outer one would be 6.3 okay that's also done ok so we caught on clamping", "kou6olw1cb4-00308-00272066-00272896": "technique for property is physical if he 14 W apply close file go to save as and", "kou6olw1cb4-00309-00272896-00273925": "we name it as clamping plate so clamping plate is also ready saving Yahoo same", "kou6olw1cb4-00310-00273925-00274829": "now we'll be making the assembly for all the parts that we have made now we are", "kou6olw1cb4-00311-00274829-00275240": "down to our assembly so let's assemble all the parts let's go", "kou6olw1cb4-00312-00275240-00276281": "to file create that's metric assembly standard mm create let's place it again", "kou6olw1cb4-00313-00276281-00277108": "body of device yeah let's ground", "kou6olw1cb4-00314-00277219-00277934": "now let's place the glamping plate let's rotate it right click rotate again", "kou6olw1cb4-00315-00277934-00278609": "rotate yeah perfect now we'll have to constrain it let's go", "kou6olw1cb4-00316-00278609-00279209": "to constrain type the first type solution would be the first type that's", "kou6olw1cb4-00317-00279209-00279863": "made that selects the first body let's go through the axis of those two places", "kou6olw1cb4-00318-00279863-00280421": "yeah apply now it might rotate so we'll have", "kou6olw1cb4-00319-00280421-00281162": "to fix the other axis also look at that it's rotating go to constrain type 1", "kou6olw1cb4-00320-00281162-00282029": "solution 1 let's meet let's go through the axis and the other axis okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00321-00282029-00282812": "apply so this can move front and back let's attach it or fix it over there so", "kou6olw1cb4-00322-00282812-00283673": "again let's go to constrain choose that part then on the other side young apply", "kou6olw1cb4-00323-00283673-00284963": "so it's fixed over there let's go to place and get back a movable job place", "kou6olw1cb4-00324-00284963-00285443": "it over there we'd have to place it along the axis of the holes put a", "kou6olw1cb4-00325-00285443-00286097": "constraint go to that axis and the body is access okay now it can move front and", "kou6olw1cb4-00326-00286097-00286891": "back and rotate so it can slide so let's hold it still so it doesn't rotate", "kou6olw1cb4-00327-00286891-00287741": "choose that part over there okay and the body done applied so it won't be able to", "kou6olw1cb4-00328-00287741-00288166": "rotate be it can move front and back", "kou6olw1cb4-00329-00288190-00289079": "let's place the jog wrap let's rotate it right like rotate Y 90 okay let's place", "kou6olw1cb4-00330-00289079-00289699": "it over there constrain again will constrain it through the back part and", "kou6olw1cb4-00331-00289699-00290269": "over that it's fixed so this can", "kou6olw1cb4-00332-00290456-00290809": "so we'll have to fix it through the holes", "kou6olw1cb4-00333-00290809-00292361": "let's see access let's constrain it through one hole oh yeah perfect", "kou6olw1cb4-00334-00292361-00293183": "that will do it cancel oh it's rotating we'd have to constrain", "kou6olw1cb4-00335-00293183-00294605": "it again let's click on constrain check the other hole now this will yeah click", "kou6olw1cb4-00336-00294605-00295861": "on apply all done now let's place the screw rod okay we'll have to rotate it", "kou6olw1cb4-00337-00295861-00296435": "rotate it again perfect now we'll use constraint to", "kou6olw1cb4-00338-00296435-00296792": "place through the hole with help of the axis okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00339-00296792-00297670": "let's attach it over there okay let's go to constrain click over there over there", "kou6olw1cb4-00340-00297670-00298820": "done apply now that this is done let's get a few other parts let's get in the", "kou6olw1cb4-00341-00298820-00299855": "washer rotate it okay go to constrain click on the axis of", "kou6olw1cb4-00342-00299855-00300587": "that ya washer in the acts of the screw toward ya of it now let's attach it to", "kou6olw1cb4-00343-00300587-00302411": "the body this part then the other one oh apply place another bolt or not rotated", "kou6olw1cb4-00344-00302411-00302638": "Oh", "kou6olw1cb4-00345-00302751-00303940": "constrain the pass-through that let pass through this yeah let's fix it over that", "kou6olw1cb4-00346-00304011-00305154": "constrain choose the back part the back surface place it on the wall shop apply", "kou6olw1cb4-00347-00305154-00306058": "let's get the lock nut place lock nut open rotate by Y 90", "kou6olw1cb4-00348-00306058-00307153": "degrees constrain axis access apply pull the friend now constrain it to the other", "kou6olw1cb4-00349-00307153-00308891": "bolt but do not click on the no only not yeah apply let's place the screw em sex", "kou6olw1cb4-00350-00308891-00310180": "yeah one two three four let's rotate the top two screws go to free rotate rotate", "kou6olw1cb4-00351-00310180-00311578": "at perfect yes enter oh let's click on constrain constrains with the axis axis", "kou6olw1cb4-00352-00311578-00312118": "over there axle of the screw again excess over there", "kou6olw1cb4-00353-00312118-00313146": "perfect apply let's use the second option in constraint now that is flush", "kou6olw1cb4-00354-00313146-00314015": "there on the screw and the surface what is flush do it gets in the two surfaces", "kou6olw1cb4-00355-00314015-00314920": "aligned together let's do the same thing with other two screws access axis apply", "kou6olw1cb4-00356-00314920-00315241": "flush it", "kou6olw1cb4-00357-00315293-00316145": "shirt apply it so let's go to place and get the clamping plate", "kou6olw1cb4-00358-00316145-00317959": "okay let's rotated free rotate hmm that's enough mostly constrain choose", "kou6olw1cb4-00359-00317959-00318823": "the bottom access come on", "kou6olw1cb4-00360-00318991-00320430": "yeah nice to be you're talking go to constrain and choose the other actions", "kou6olw1cb4-00361-00320473-00322667": "that and that apply constrain click on that the other part apply let's get in", "kou6olw1cb4-00362-00322667-00323300": "to screws let's go to screw one six copy that face it over there again paste", "kou6olw1cb4-00363-00323300-00324401": "another one perfect copy them free rotate get them right constrain let go", "kou6olw1cb4-00364-00324401-00325403": "through the axis axis Y axis accents apply second type of solution let's", "kou6olw1cb4-00365-00325403-00326149": "flush for this cruise be self AC apply all this is none", "kou6olw1cb4-00366-00326606-00327466": "now we'll have to go to file and save it as you should assembly in it or machine", "kou6olw1cb4-00367-00327466-00329338": "wise machine was assembly same as I talked about earlier for college purpose", "kou6olw1cb4-00368-00329338-00330148": "we'll have to make the drafting for that let's go to file metric then drawing en", "kou6olw1cb4-00369-00330148-00331066": "si mm not a WG create we got a sheet right click on en si later then go to", "kou6olw1cb4-00370-00331066-00332194": "sheet edit sheet a3 size okay a little bass it's and so the assembly", "kou6olw1cb4-00371-00332194-00332521": "machine wise assembly god I am there we go", "kou6olw1cb4-00372-00332521-00332958": "this first type of style it's rotated yeah", "kou6olw1cb4-00373-00332958-00333799": "top view okay let's pull her to the left bottom let's get this section view", "kou6olw1cb4-00374-00333799-00335017": "offered section or what their yeah the center point pull it down take it", "kou6olw1cb4-00375-00335017-00335850": "towards the left take it up right click continue", "kou6olw1cb4-00376-00335850-00337270": "first above style okay we got that let's pull it up effect we got the section", "kou6olw1cb4-00377-00337270-00338302": "view yeah just align align just aligning it go to base choose our war machine", "kou6olw1cb4-00378-00338302-00339222": "wise assembly okay second type of style the ISO view okay", "kou6olw1cb4-00379-00339222-00339943": "let's place it over there now we'll have to start naming the body parts for that", "kou6olw1cb4-00380-00339943-00340948": "it's got annotations star what balloons auto balloons like view said yeah click", "kou6olw1cb4-00381-00340948-00341338": "on that I don't know more components left click", "kou6olw1cb4-00382-00341338-00342335": "and drag select parameter is vertically effect we've got it over there applied", "kou6olw1cb4-00383-00342335-00343324": "now we'll have to get the part list for a part list click on that okay that's", "kou6olw1cb4-00384-00343324-00343842": "also done we'll place the part list over the right bottom", "kou6olw1cb4-00385-00344072-00344625": "there's items quantity let's go to edit part list let's go to the first option", "kou6olw1cb4-00386-00344625-00345903": "let's remove description and let's add material added click OK supply so we", "kou6olw1cb4-00387-00345903-00346533": "have items quantity part number and materials we are done with our 2d", "kou6olw1cb4-00388-00346533-00347013": "drafting this is how we make a machine wise thanks a lot guys for watching it", "kou6olw1cb4-00389-00347013-00347478": "we will be back with other great videos of how to design other machine tools", "kou6olw1cb4-00390-00347478-00347768": "thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "koWgcsnrxCE", "text": {"koWgcsnrxCE-00000-00000231-00000272": "far"}}, {"audio_id": "k00pI3Ra0No", "text": {"k00pI3Ra0No-00000-00000000-00000646": "I woke up this morning and I asked myself : can Elon Musk save the world ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00001-00000646-00001226": "In a world, threatened by climate change, natural resources depletion,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00002-00001234-00001857": "energy crisis, extractivism doom, one man will save them all !", "k00pI3Ra0No-00003-00002000-00002346": "So, how sustainable are Tesla cars ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00004-00003424-00003968": "We don't know. No. Information. At. All.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00005-00004002-00004592": "When you're pushed, searching is as easy as breathing", "k00pI3Ra0No-00006-00004860-00005416": "Okay, sustainably speaking, there are 3 clues to check out :", "k00pI3Ra0No-00007-00005424-00005836": "Resources, energy and climate impact", "k00pI3Ra0No-00008-00005888-00006088": "Chap. 1 RESOURCES", "k00pI3Ra0No-00009-00006120-00006384": "Our cars our fossil dependent,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00010-00006384-00006722": "and of course, we know that it's a little bit a problem", "k00pI3Ra0No-00011-00007942-00008204": "It's time to depopulate", "k00pI3Ra0No-00012-00008204-00008720": "So yeah, it's a really good idea to switch from oil to electric cars,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00013-00008726-00008776": "Right ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00014-00008932-00009002": "Right ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00015-00009208-00009594": "As far as resources are concerned,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00016-00009594-00009954": "the whole issue with electrical batteries is metal", "k00pI3Ra0No-00017-00010088-00010716": "We will need a lot more lithium, cobalt and graphite for car batteries", "k00pI3Ra0No-00018-00010716-00011156": "and rare metals, much more, rare metals for engine magnets", "k00pI3Ra0No-00019-00011156-00011512": "To have a 100% electrical car park,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00020-00011512-00011818": "means exploding metal consumption", "k00pI3Ra0No-00021-00011818-00012152": "an increase of 2 900% lithium", "k00pI3Ra0No-00022-00012160-00012446": "1 900 % cobalt", "k00pI3Ra0No-00023-00012446-00012748": "655% rare metals", "k00pI3Ra0No-00024-00012748-00012956": "So what's the problem then ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00025-00013060-00013332": "I'm going to need a bigger knife.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00026-00013540-00013740": "Metal deplation", "k00pI3Ra0No-00027-00014528-00014828": "Poor coal, will be the only metal left ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00028-00015980-00016344": "So sad there won't be enough metal for everyone !", "k00pI3Ra0No-00029-00016820-00017100": "Mining ecological impact", "k00pI3Ra0No-00030-00017236-00017656": "Metals also generate an amazing contamination.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00031-00017664-00017968": "Take water : it is used to clean metals", "k00pI3Ra0No-00032-00017986-00018394": "but when cleaning metals its pH becomes more acid,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00033-00018400-00018764": "it damages wildlife, electrical dams,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00034-00018764-00019024": "and it pollutes groundwater.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00035-00019048-00019248": "Wanna see ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00036-00021284-00021488": "Sanitary impact", "k00pI3Ra0No-00037-00021584-00021996": "Ever heard of heavy metals bioaccumulation ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00038-00022474-00022705": "But without fossil fuels in oil,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00039-00022706-00022952": "where will electricity come from ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00040-00023434-00023644": "Wikipedia :", "k00pI3Ra0No-00041-00023682-00024206": "coal and coal waste products (including fly ash, bottom ash, and boiler slag)", "k00pI3Ra0No-00042-00024206-00024794": "released approximately 20 toxic-release chemicals, including arsenic, lead, mercury,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00043-00024794-00025384": "nickel, vanadium, beryllium, cadmium, barium,  chromium, copper, molybdenum,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00044-00025384-00025600": "zinc, selenium and radium,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00045-00025622-00025900": "which are dangerous if released into the environment", "k00pI3Ra0No-00046-00025900-00026144": "I want you !", "k00pI3Ra0No-00047-00026502-00026618": "So what's the problem then ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00048-00027372-00027904": "But how long does it take for nuclear waste to lose its radioactivity ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00049-00027904-00028266": "345 000 years", "k00pI3Ra0No-00050-00028736-00028936": "Chap. 2 ENERGY", "k00pI3Ra0No-00051-00029112-00029310": "What is Energy ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00052-00029310-00029683": "Energy stands for all changes that occur in our world", "k00pI3Ra0No-00053-00029774-00029989": "how something chemical", "k00pI3Ra0No-00054-00029989-00030098": "mechanical", "k00pI3Ra0No-00055-00030110-00030189": "electrical", "k00pI3Ra0No-00056-00030195-00030264": "thermal", "k00pI3Ra0No-00057-00030264-00030536": "turns into something else.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00058-00030592-00030782": "The first natural rule is :", "k00pI3Ra0No-00059-00030782-00031094": "there is no neutral change.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00060-00031094-00031610": "It always comes at a cost : there are benefits and drawbacks.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00061-00031610-00031895": "No pain, no gain.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00062-00031910-00032610": "The raise of productivity is historically related to fossils : coal, gas, oil.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00063-00034600-00035056": "Nothing compares, to oil !", "k00pI3Ra0No-00064-00035056-00035476": "By the way, did you know that slavery wasn't abolished", "k00pI3Ra0No-00065-00035476-00036130": "because suddenly ethics ruled the economy but because slavery became much more", "k00pI3Ra0No-00066-00036130-00036748": "expensive to the economy than machines and oil", "k00pI3Ra0No-00067-00036834-00037562": "For example : it takes an Olympic cyclist a lot of energy to toast a loaf of bread", "k00pI3Ra0No-00068-00037562-00037886": "But it takes also a lot more energy for the cyclist", "k00pI3Ra0No-00069-00037888-00038632": "to regain the energy he spent on creating the golden-brown toast", "k00pI3Ra0No-00070-00038646-00038890": "The conclusion is : our purchasing power", "k00pI3Ra0No-00071-00038902-00039422": "and comfort are directly related to the energy we extract", "k00pI3Ra0No-00072-00039424-00040298": "thanks to fossil fuels each human being has access to approximately 20,000 KWH", "k00pI3Ra0No-00073-00040298-00040930": "but without fossil fuels we will need 600 full-time slaves", "k00pI3Ra0No-00074-00041004-00041686": "in developed countries to enjoy the same amount of energy and comfort we actually have.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00075-00041696-00041984": "Why am I still talking about oil ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00076-00042040-00042246": "Because of metal depletion.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00077-00042246-00043084": "Because of metal depletion we now need more energy to extract the same amount of metals as before", "k00pI3Ra0No-00078-00043084-00043584": "And it seems our modern society is just a little bit addicted to energy", "k00pI3Ra0No-00079-00043660-00044004": "In other words, to get more electrical cars...", "k00pI3Ra0No-00080-00044142-00044324": "we need more slaves !", "k00pI3Ra0No-00081-00044326-00044526": "Because of slavery", "k00pI3Ra0No-00082-00044526-00044934": "clap along if you feel like the doom is on your roof", "k00pI3Ra0No-00083-00045154-00045596": "clap along if you feel like slavery is the truth", "k00pI3Ra0No-00084-00045768-00046212": "clap along if you know what slavery is to you", "k00pI3Ra0No-00085-00046224-00046384": "slavery...", "k00pI3Ra0No-00086-00047068-00047232": "Chap. 3 CLIMATE", "k00pI3Ra0No-00087-00047268-00047632": "So what's the impact of metal extraction on climate ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00088-00049888-00050564": "You see, there is only one constant, one universal, it is the only real truth :", "k00pI3Ra0No-00089-00050676-00050740": "Causality.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00090-00050864-00050932": "Action.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00091-00050960-00051028": "Reaction.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00092-00051076-00051316": "Cause and effect.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00093-00051416-00052424": "So, a Tesla car probably consumes and pollutes as much as any fossil fuelled car.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00094-00052732-00053528": "But defending a sustainable vision while using unsustainable products is :", "k00pI3Ra0No-00095-00053528-00053920": "either perfect cognitive dissonance", "k00pI3Ra0No-00096-00053944-00054060": "or", "k00pI3Ra0No-00097-00054060-00054167": "basic", "k00pI3Ra0No-00098-00054167-00054264": "marketing", "k00pI3Ra0No-00099-00054264-00054372": "bullsit !", "k00pI3Ra0No-00100-00054428-00054648": "It's basic green washing baby !", "k00pI3Ra0No-00101-00056272-00056952": "In other words, Elon Musk prefers shifting the problem rather than solving it.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00102-00057667-00058348": "But that means that if everyone wants to have an electrical car, a Tesla car, we would have to :", "k00pI3Ra0No-00103-00058352-00058608": "Go to Mars as fast as we can !", "k00pI3Ra0No-00104-00059152-00059360": "How many people can go to Mars ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00105-00059772-00060120": "So sad there won't be enough metal for everyone !", "k00pI3Ra0No-00106-00060191-00060484": "No no no no ! Let's rethink the whole thing :", "k00pI3Ra0No-00107-00060584-00061052": "if metal depletion means we're facing collective mortal danger,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00108-00061052-00061567": "why are a bunch of multinationals keep exploiting earth resources at a faster", "k00pI3Ra0No-00109-00061567-00061952": "pace and endangering mankind's future ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00110-00062072-00062208": "Should we kill them ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00111-00062284-00062879": "What's your obsession about killing and depopulation ? Haven't you heard of therapy?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00112-00062891-00063052": "Should we kill them ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00113-00063210-00063579": "If Elon Musk is a true role model :", "k00pI3Ra0No-00114-00063579-00064034": "he has to embody the change he wants for a sustainable future.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00115-00064034-00064464": "He can think and act differently, we all can.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00116-00064464-00064664": "Going slower", "k00pI3Ra0No-00117-00064732-00065388": "We can resist consumerism dark side, dividing our carbon emissions,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00118-00065388-00065680": "slowing down our greed.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00119-00065680-00065880": "Going lighter", "k00pI3Ra0No-00120-00065968-00066484": "We can transform cars shape and weight and make them lighter,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00121-00066508-00067028": "anyway, who needs to buy a one-ton vehicle to carry one single person ?", "k00pI3Ra0No-00122-00067084-00067228": "Going lower", "k00pI3Ra0No-00123-00067340-00067624": "We can embrace low-tech", "k00pI3Ra0No-00124-00067638-00067814": "to balance the force.", "k00pI3Ra0No-00125-00067872-00068280": "Who needs tech anyway, it's all inside", "k00pI3Ra0No-00126-00068360-00068492": "Going longer", "k00pI3Ra0No-00127-00068580-00068912": "We can fight against planned obsolescence,", "k00pI3Ra0No-00128-00068926-00069432": "we can share, recycle, revalue all metal and resources", "k00pI3Ra0No-00129-00069432-00069884": "to create a sustainable and truly circular economy", "k00pI3Ra0No-00130-00069948-00070434": "So, yes, of course Elon Musk can save the world", "k00pI3Ra0No-00131-00070434-00070868": "and set an example by changing radically his business model", "k00pI3Ra0No-00132-00070966-00071108": "The real question is :", "k00pI3Ra0No-00133-00071266-00071376": "Will he ?"}}, {"audio_id": "k03JJBIiHeQ", "text": {"k03JJBIiHeQ-00000-00000000-00000600": "HELLO as the title says this is my February reading wrap-up even though March is basically almost over.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00001-00000600-00001048": "Quick announcement before I get started: we have started a Snark Squad Book Club over in our Discord.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00002-00001049-00001374": "We've done a few group reads on Discord before, but those were all a bit more scattershot", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00003-00001374-00001591": "and so now we’re trying something a bit more structured.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00004-00001591-00001926": "This month we are reading The Golden Compass / Northern Lights by Philip Pullman.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00005-00001926-00002211": "Mari made an actual announcement video that I will link in the description,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00006-00002211-00002601": "as well as a link to the Discord server itself so that you can join us.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00007-00002601-00003039": "Obviously this month is almost over, but people have been kinda picking up the the book throughout  the month,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00008-00003039-00003347": "so, like, the conversation is still happening if you would like to join that.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00009-00003347-00003852": "Or you can joins us next month when our book will be Daisy Jones & The Six by Taylor Jenkins Reid.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00010-00003852-00004044": "OK, so, February!", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00011-00004044-00004430": "This was a slightly less productive a reading month for me than January was.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00012-00004430-00005049": "It started out really well and then, I don't know, mid-month I hit a wall where I couldn’t focus on anything,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00013-00005049-00005454": "and my completionist tendencies wouldn’t let me to just DNF stuff or save it for later,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00014-00005454-00005806": "so in the back half of the month I didn’t really finish anything.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00015-00005806-00006102": "The first book I read in February was Year of Yes by Shonda Rhimes.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00016-00006102-00006645": "I think that I put this on hold at the library because of the By The Book episode that it was in?", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00017-00006645-00007106": "I super love By The Book as a podcast and so I...will link that in the description.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00018-00007106-00007642": "This is a nonfiction book about, as the title suggests, a year in which Shonda Rhimes said yes to everything,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00019-00007642-00008042": "and the impact that that choice had on her as a person, and her life.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00020-00008042-00008359": "I assume that people know this, but just in case, Shonda Rhimes is the creator of Grey’s", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00021-00008359-00008645": "Anatomy, Scandal, How To Get Away With Murder, Private Practice,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00022-00008645-00009031": "and, of course, my favorite Shonda Rhimes credit, writer of Crossroads.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00023-00009031-00009399": "She is, of course, an amazing writer, so this book was super engaging.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00024-00009399-00009801": "I listened to the audiobook, which Shonda narrates it herself.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00025-00009801-00010420": "Generally speaking, non-fiction read by the author is great – generally speaking, there's an asterisk on that.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00026-00010420-00010965": "In particular with a book with a tone as conversational as this one, it just winds up feeling like", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00027-00010965-00011362": "you're in a very one-sided conversation with your best friend the author.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00028-00011362-00011880": "This book is a little bit memoir and a little bit self-help, though I think that it is at its strongest when it sticks to the former.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00029-00011880-00012451": "The parts where she veers into generalizations are, I think, the weakest parts of the book, but she doesn't do that much of that.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00030-00012451-00013171": "Also even in the more self-helpy places, she’s very open and honest about the privileges and resources that she has.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00031-00013171-00013754": "For example, she is a single mother, but she's also a single mother with the means and resources to hire an amazing nanny,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00032-00013754-00014415": "and those two facts in combination have a really strong impact on the kinds of things she's able to say yes to in the first place.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00033-00014415-00014762": "This was a quick, heartfelt, and engaging read and I gave it 4 out of 5 stars.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00034-00014762-00015047": "Book #2 was Brown Girl Dreaming by Jacqueline Woodson.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00035-00015047-00015466": "This is another memoir, this time a middle grade memoir told in verse.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00036-00015466-00015895": "Woodson is the author of a bunch of other YA novels but this is the story of her childhood,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00037-00015895-00016293": "and moving around, and the process by which she found her love of writing.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00038-00016293-00016827": "There’s so much wonderful stuff here about her relationship with her siblings (which I am always a sucker for),", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00039-00016827-00017246": "and her relationship with her grandparents, and race in all of the places she was living", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00040-00017246-00017640": "– the family moved from Ohio to the south to New York City.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00041-00017640-00018252": "Also some of the way she talks about moving around as a child affected me in ways that I was not entirely prepared for, but I loved.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00042-00018252-00018512": "I super appreciated that this was told in verse.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00043-00018512-00019247": "The writing was fantastic and I loved this book to pieces, would highly recommend to anyone, and I gave this 5 stars.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00044-00019247-00019498": "The third book I read was The Underground Railroad by Colson Whitehead.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00045-00019498-00019920": "This is a work of historical fiction set in the American south during slavery, where the", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00046-00019920-00020310": "underground railroad is imagined as a literal underground railroad.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00047-00020310-00020845": "The story is mostly about a woman named Cora who is born into slavery and her escape from slavery.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00048-00020845-00021274": "There are also some chapters focusing on Cora’s mother Mabel, a fellow slave named Caesar,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00049-00021274-00021856": "a slave catcher named Ridgeway – possibly somebody else that I’m forgetting right now.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00050-00021856-00022431": "This is mostly Cora’s story, and we kind of zoom in on these other characters as their stories weave in and out of hers.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00051-00022431-00022695": "This book is incredible and very worthy of the hype surrounding it.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00052-00022695-00022959": "It's definitely a hard read, but truly fantastic.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00053-00022959-00023188": "It was gripping and so well written.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00054-00023188-00023612": "I liked the fact that the Actual Railroad was more of a background presence.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00055-00023612-00024177": "It's such an interesting that I could see the urge to focus on it too much, but ultimately", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00056-00024177-00024502": "this is a story of all of these people and how they are woven together.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00057-00024502-00024937": "I don't know what else to say about this book besides it was great and I gave it 5 stars.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00058-00024937-00025212": "Next I read Emma by Jane Austen for a Snark Squad Pod episode.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00059-00025212-00025565": "It is entirely possible that this is the thing that broke my reading for the month,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00060-00025565-00026264": "because revisiting an old favorite – you just sort of crawl back into that cozy place and then you wanna stay there?", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00061-00026264-00026714": "This is the story of Emma Woodhouse, a wealthy young woman who, thanks to being mistress", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00062-00026714-00027495": "of her father’s house, is not at all interested in getting married herself, but also she likes the idea of setting up other people.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00063-00027495-00027885": "She meddles in other people’s lives and she's wrong all the time and eventually realizes", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00064-00027885-00028249": "that in addition to being wrong about everybody else, she's also wrong about herself.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00065-00028249-00028395": "So this is my favorite Jane Austen novel.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00066-00028395-00028538": "I have way too many thoughts on this book.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00067-00028538-00028825": "We filled a whole hour-long podcast episode on it and I will link that in the description.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00068-00028825-00029068": "We actually also talked about a bunch of Emma adaptations.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00069-00029068-00029645": "But part of why this is my favorite Jane Austen novel is that I think of this book as the", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00070-00029645-00029941": "one that taught me how to read and enjoy and appreciate Jane Austen.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00071-00029941-00030356": "I mentioned this in greater detail in the podcast episode, but the snark in Austen’s", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00072-00030356-00030709": "narration in Emma is what helped me “get” Jane Austen.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00073-00030709-00030935": "It’s the book that really taught me how to read her work.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00074-00030935-00031320": "She’s just really funny and I love her narration and I love Emma Woodhouse.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00075-00031320-00031943": "I love that this book is mostly about Emma growing up, like, this is Emma's coming of age story, in a lot of ways.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00076-00031943-00032337": "Most of her problems are of her own making, which is , like, hashtag relatable.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00077-00032337-00032772": "I also adore the romance in this book because it’s essentially just two old friends realizing", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00078-00032772-00033412": "“hey wait I like you most of all?” and there’s something very sweet and real about that.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00079-00033412-00033775": "I appreciate that these two people have such a clear-eyed view of each other’s strengths and weaknesses.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00080-00033775-00034152": "Rather than a sort of WOW YOU’RE PERFECT lust, this is a very deeply felt", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00081-00034152-00034847": "“I know you better than anyone and I love you and appreciate the totality of who you are.”", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00082-00034847-00034947": "I have so many more things to say about this.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00083-00034947-00035463": "It is a permanent 5 star read for me, and you should listen to our podcast episode about it.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00084-00035463-00035887": "The last two books that I finished in February were Daring Greatly & Rising Strong by Brene Brown.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00085-00035887-00036228": "I read Rising Strong last year and I loved it so I bought Daring Greatly with the idea", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00086-00036228-00036661": "that I would read that before re-reading Rising Strong.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00087-00036661-00036974": "Brene Brown is a researcher who studies shame and vulnerability and she’s probably most", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00088-00036974-00037463": "famous for her TED Talk, which I will link in the description because it’s a really good primer on her work.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00089-00037463-00037800": "So both books are about the need for vulnerability and how we deal with shame.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00090-00037800-00038309": "Daring Greatly is sort of “go forth with vulnerability” and then Rising Strong is", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00091-00038309-00038756": "“ok but what about when I do that and I fuck everything up and I feel real bad???”", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00092-00038756-00039222": "Aand I think its that latter framing that makes Rising Strong feel more useful to me.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00093-00039222-00039578": "Like, her central premise is about the value of vulnerability and I think that is much", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00094-00039578-00040132": "harder to do and also more important to do when you’re in a darker place.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00095-00040132-00040761": "So I think the larger framing device works better in Rising Strong than it does in Daring Greatly.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00096-00040761-00041427": "Something that has stuck with me a ton from my first read is committing to the belief that everyone else is trying their best.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00097-00041427-00041630": "And I feel so silly when I try to explain it.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00098-00041630-00042153": "I have tried to to bring this up in conversation with other people many times and I cannot", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00099-00042153-00042515": "do it as effectively or eloquently as Brene Brown does.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00100-00042515-00043144": "But I think about it all the time – not because I'm super great at actually adhering to that,", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00101-00043144-00043696": "but because I think that when I'm trying to, I'm actively making my life better.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00102-00043696-00044109": "There’s also some really interesting stuff in Daring Greatly about vulnerability and", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00103-00044109-00044452": "oversharing and public disclosure – the intersection of all of those things –", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00104-00044452-00044984": "and I think that that is super useful for anyone, but particularly for those of us who are Extremely Online.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00105-00044984-00045249": "There is a ton to say about both of these books – again if you know nothing about", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00106-00045249-00045641": "Brene Brown I do highly recommend checking out her TED Talks.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00107-00045641-00045974": "I gave Daring Greatly 4 stars and Rising Strong 5 stars.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00108-00045974-00046171": "So that is what I read in February!", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00109-00046171-00046619": "Hopefully I will make a video about this month’s reading in a more timely fashion.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00110-00046619-00046911": "Please let me know in the comments if you read any of these books and wanna talk about", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00111-00046911-00047369": "them, because I would love to talk about these books more than what I just did.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00112-00047369-00047892": "Also hopefully I will see some of you in our Discord to talk about The Golden Compass and/or Daisy Jones & The Six.", "k03JJBIiHeQ-00113-00047892-00048020": "Ok bye!"}}, {"audio_id": "k06sYSjNsiY", "text": {"k06sYSjNsiY-00000-00001227-00001498": "L: welcome to Lingthusiasm, a podcast", "k06sYSjNsiY-00001-00001498-00001642": "that's enthusiastic about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00002-00001642-00001879": "linguistics. I'm Lauren Gawne G: and I'm", "k06sYSjNsiY-00003-00001879-00002038": "Gretchen McCulloch and today we're going", "k06sYSjNsiY-00004-00002038-00002230": "to be talking about kids these days and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00005-00002230-00002502": "how they're not ruining language. But", "k06sYSjNsiY-00006-00002502-00002641": "first we have an exciting announcement.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00007-00002641-00002970": "Lingthusiasm is on Patreon! Yay! L: Yay!", "k06sYSjNsiY-00008-00002970-00003255": "So if you want more Lingthusiasm every", "k06sYSjNsiY-00009-00003255-00003490": "month, or an opportunity to ask us your", "k06sYSjNsiY-00010-00003490-00003718": "burning linguistics questions, or you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00011-00003718-00003840": "just want to help us keep the show", "k06sYSjNsiY-00012-00003840-00004039": "running sustainably doing things like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00013-00004039-00004219": "paying our producer and our web hosting", "k06sYSjNsiY-00014-00004219-00004372": "fees and the person who writes our", "k06sYSjNsiY-00015-00004372-00004705": "transcripts then you can help support us", "k06sYSjNsiY-00016-00004705-00004945": "on the Patreon and that directly allows", "k06sYSjNsiY-00017-00004945-00005080": "us to keep the show running in a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00018-00005080-00005266": "sustainable manner G: yeah and if you're", "k06sYSjNsiY-00019-00005266-00005551": "wondering if we can upgrade our mics or", "k06sYSjNsiY-00020-00005551-00005761": "have guest linguists to interview or", "k06sYSjNsiY-00021-00005761-00006127": "maybe even a live show... L: live show! Yes! We want", "k06sYSjNsiY-00022-00006127-00006307": "this to happen too people G: we really want", "k06sYSjNsiY-00023-00006307-00006454": "this to happen we want to hang out", "k06sYSjNsiY-00024-00006454-00006636": "hang out with you guys. The", "k06sYSjNsiY-00025-00006636-00006781": "answer is yes we would like to do all", "k06sYSjNsiY-00026-00006781-00006948": "these things but we can't do it alone", "k06sYSjNsiY-00027-00006948-00007197": "L: the cool thing about Patreon is that it", "k06sYSjNsiY-00028-00007197-00007503": "allows us to keep this space advertising", "k06sYSjNsiY-00029-00007503-00007722": "free for everybody. So the main episode", "k06sYSjNsiY-00030-00007722-00007894": "every month will always run without", "k06sYSjNsiY-00031-00007894-00008136": "advertising, so every time you don't hear", "k06sYSjNsiY-00032-00008136-00008383": "an ad trying to sell you a web building", "k06sYSjNsiY-00033-00008383-00008845": "tool or something to eat or something to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00034-00008845-00009136": "read then... G: or I think we should", "k06sYSjNsiY-00035-00009136-00009346": "really take ads for like sketchy 'teach", "k06sYSjNsiY-00036-00009346-00009472": "yourself a language in three days'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00037-00009472-00009607": "courses, I think those would be really", "k06sYSjNsiY-00038-00009607-00009736": "reputable to associate ourselves with", "k06sYSjNsiY-00039-00009736-00009985": "L: definitely - we don't have to do that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00040-00009985-00010234": "though because we've set up the Patreon", "k06sYSjNsiY-00041-00010234-00010425": "and we think it's a much better way for", "k06sYSjNsiY-00042-00010425-00010702": "us to keep doing the show and for you to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00043-00010702-00010954": "keep enjoying the show G: and if you want", "k06sYSjNsiY-00044-00010954-00011134": "to listen to our bonus episodes our", "k06sYSjNsiY-00045-00011134-00011329": "first one is about swearing. So we", "k06sYSjNsiY-00046-00011329-00011529": "decided not to swear in the main podcast", "k06sYSjNsiY-00047-00011529-00011679": "because we want people to be able to put", "k06sYSjNsiY-00048-00011679-00011890": "it on at work or around kids so instead", "k06sYSjNsiY-00049-00011890-00012049": "we're really letting loose in the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00050-00012049-00012271": "Patreon episode! So if you pledge you can", "k06sYSjNsiY-00051-00012271-00012409": "listen to that right now L: you can listen", "k06sYSjNsiY-00052-00012409-00012643": "to us talking about our swear", "k06sYSjNsiY-00053-00012643-00013017": "acquisition histories and words that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00054-00013017-00013135": "sound like swear words in other", "k06sYSjNsiY-00055-00013135-00013516": "languages G: among other things so we had a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00056-00013516-00013693": "lot of fun recording that episode I put", "k06sYSjNsiY-00057-00013693-00013894": "it on to check that the levels were okay", "k06sYSjNsiY-00058-00013894-00014069": "and end up listening to the whole thing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00059-00014069-00014438": "even though half of it was my voice L: were you like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00060-00014438-00014638": "'that's a really good point Gretchen!'? G: yeah", "k06sYSjNsiY-00061-00014638-00014838": "I was like 'you make such good arguments!'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00062-00014866-00015149": "me too I feel so connected! L: our second bonus", "k06sYSjNsiY-00063-00015149-00015479": "episode is going to be about how to self", "k06sYSjNsiY-00064-00015479-00015719": "study linguistics, which has been chosen", "k06sYSjNsiY-00065-00015719-00016109": "by our Patreon supporters and we are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00066-00016109-00016366": "really excited to have that up later in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00067-00016366-00016514": "the month G: because we already have", "k06sYSjNsiY-00068-00016514-00016682": "patreon supporters! We only mentioned the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00069-00016682-00016859": "Patreon on social media and there's already", "k06sYSjNsiY-00070-00016859-00017060": "been a bunch of people who have pledged", "k06sYSjNsiY-00071-00017060-00017207": "for us so thank you for that if you're", "k06sYSjNsiY-00072-00017207-00017336": "already one of those people, and if you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00073-00017336-00017480": "just hearing about it now, it's a thing!", "k06sYSjNsiY-00074-00017480-00017612": "Maybe you'd like to do that L: at", "k06sYSjNsiY-00075-00017612-00017921": "patreon.com/lingthusiasm or you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00076-00017921-00018119": "can follow the links from Lingthusiasm", "k06sYSjNsiY-00077-00018119-00018290": "or basically anywhere else, we've", "k06sYSjNsiY-00078-00018290-00018607": "tweeted and facebooked about it a lot", "k06sYSjNsiY-00079-00018607-00018983": "G: really obnoxiously! And also if you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00080-00018983-00019157": "can't pledge we have totally been there", "k06sYSjNsiY-00081-00019157-00019328": "we know what that's like and we are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00082-00019328-00019493": "keeping the main episodes free and it's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00083-00019493-00019631": "also super helpful if you can rate us on", "k06sYSjNsiY-00084-00019631-00019874": "iTunes and recommend the show in general", "k06sYSjNsiY-00085-00019874-00020048": "we've been doubling in listeners every", "k06sYSjNsiY-00086-00020048-00020198": "month so that's really cool L: it really is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00087-00020198-00020411": "mind-blowing and it's so great that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00088-00020411-00020780": "other people are enjoying the show we're", "k06sYSjNsiY-00089-00020780-00021002": "so pleased that you are on board with us", "k06sYSjNsiY-00090-00021002-00021203": "thank you for listening thank you for", "k06sYSjNsiY-00091-00021203-00021425": "getting your friends to listen thank you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00092-00021425-00021713": "for rating us on iTunes it's apparently", "k06sYSjNsiY-00093-00021713-00021914": "a thing you have to do as a podcasts is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00094-00021914-00022070": "be really into getting people rating", "k06sYSjNsiY-00095-00022070-00022211": "you on iTunes but we're just really glad", "k06sYSjNsiY-00096-00022211-00022370": "that you're listening G: actually I want to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00097-00022370-00022511": "correct the doubling in listener part we", "k06sYSjNsiY-00098-00022511-00022694": "actually increased infinitely the first", "k06sYSjNsiY-00099-00022694-00022993": "month because we had zero listeners", "k06sYSjNsiY-00100-00022993-00023279": "L: good sciencing Gretchen, good sciencing G: so just so no one", "k06sYSjNsiY-00101-00023279-00023972": "writes in to correct my maths!", "k06sYSjNsiY-00102-00024387-00024692": "L: we've already got to the punch line of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00103-00024692-00024934": "today's episode but we want to make sure", "k06sYSjNsiY-00104-00024934-00025223": "that you leave knowing full well that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00105-00025223-00025582": "kids are not ruining language. It's okay", "k06sYSjNsiY-00106-00025582-00025847": "everyone the kids are okay G: the kids are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00107-00025847-00026069": "okay, the English language is okay, the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00108-00026069-00026320": "other languages are more or less okay", "k06sYSjNsiY-00109-00026320-00026425": "but if they aren't it's not the fall of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00110-00026425-00026755": "the kids. So one of the ways to put the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00111-00026755-00027032": "complaining about kids language", "k06sYSjNsiY-00112-00027032-00027214": "these days into some context is to look", "k06sYSjNsiY-00113-00027214-00027416": "historically at the types of things that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00114-00027416-00027583": "people used to complain about kids doing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00115-00027583-00027956": "and whether those came to pass and if so", "k06sYSjNsiY-00116-00027956-00028238": "whether everything was ruined - spoiler", "k06sYSjNsiY-00117-00028238-00028397": "the answer is no! L: because complaining", "k06sYSjNsiY-00118-00028397-00028600": "about the youth goes back a long way.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00119-00028600-00028870": "like it goes past the current generation", "k06sYSjNsiY-00120-00028870-00029102": "of people who are complaining about the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00121-00029102-00029306": "youth and goes back basically to the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00122-00029306-00029594": "beginning of written records in Western", "k06sYSjNsiY-00123-00029594-00029813": "history G: I imagine that people were", "k06sYSjNsiY-00124-00029813-00029957": "complaining with youth before written", "k06sYSjNsiY-00125-00029957-00030125": "history we just don't know about it L: yeah", "k06sYSjNsiY-00126-00030125-00030394": "and so one of the most early objectors", "k06sYSjNsiY-00127-00030394-00030622": "that we have record of complaining about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00128-00030622-00030857": "what the youth are up to these days is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00129-00030857-00031216": "Socrates, who complained that all of this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00130-00031216-00031508": "newfangled technology called writing was", "k06sYSjNsiY-00131-00031508-00031793": "making people forgetful and lazy in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00132-00031793-00031966": "terms of learning things because they no", "k06sYSjNsiY-00133-00031966-00032119": "longer had to commit them to memory they", "k06sYSjNsiY-00134-00032119-00032312": "could just read them G: those kids, they don't", "k06sYSjNsiY-00135-00032312-00032558": "recite Homer like they used to L: it", "k06sYSjNsiY-00136-00032558-00032752": "kind of reminds me of the anxiety", "k06sYSjNsiY-00137-00032752-00032987": "around modern technology, when", "k06sYSjNsiY-00138-00032987-00033143": "parents are really concerned that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00139-00033143-00033463": "children aren't learning to maybe read", "k06sYSjNsiY-00140-00033463-00033608": "properly because they're reading on", "k06sYSjNsiY-00141-00033608-00033838": "screens instead of paper G: I mean now that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00142-00033838-00033983": "we have the Google who even remembers", "k06sYSjNsiY-00143-00033983-00034265": "anything L: mmm exactly we always blame the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00144-00034265-00034424": "technology G: but yeah Socrates was", "k06sYSjNsiY-00145-00034424-00034562": "saying the same thing about writing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00146-00034562-00034763": "at all L: which I kind of liked because all", "k06sYSjNsiY-00147-00034763-00034975": "of these people who worry about the youth", "k06sYSjNsiY-00148-00034975-00035128": "of today that they're not respecting", "k06sYSjNsiY-00149-00035128-00035306": "writing the way they used to it's like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00150-00035306-00035515": "well back in the day no one even", "k06sYSjNsiY-00151-00035515-00035780": "respected writing, so you're not being", "k06sYSjNsiY-00152-00035780-00036028": "pedantic enough really G: and even post", "k06sYSjNsiY-00153-00036028-00036281": "Socrates there's a long period of not", "k06sYSjNsiY-00154-00036281-00036461": "very many people being literate L: yeah", "k06sYSjNsiY-00155-00036461-00036611": "exactly G: so this idea that everybody", "k06sYSjNsiY-00156-00036611-00036890": "writes is quite new and really specific", "k06sYSjNsiY-00157-00036890-00037175": "to a minority of the world's languages", "k06sYSjNsiY-00158-00037175-00037334": "today - they are the minority that have", "k06sYSjNsiY-00159-00037334-00037568": "the most speakers but many of the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00160-00037568-00037674": "world's 7,000", "k06sYSjNsiY-00161-00037674-00037875": "languages get along quite well as a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00162-00037875-00038253": "purely oral and verbal mode without any", "k06sYSjNsiY-00163-00038253-00038502": "written kind of standard G: and I think", "k06sYSjNsiY-00164-00038502-00038675": "that when we think of languages that are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00165-00038675-00038897": "oral languages we also don't think so", "k06sYSjNsiY-00166-00038897-00039038": "much about how English also made a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00167-00039038-00039219": "transition from being a purely oral", "k06sYSjNsiY-00168-00039219-00039363": "language to being both written and oral", "k06sYSjNsiY-00169-00039363-00039503": "so that's something that happened in the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00170-00039503-00039734": "Middle Ages gradually with fits and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00171-00039734-00039969": "starts and there's not as much preserved", "k06sYSjNsiY-00172-00039969-00040125": "from the English oral tradition as there", "k06sYSjNsiY-00173-00040125-00040256": "might be, I mean there's Beowulf, but", "k06sYSjNsiY-00174-00040256-00040458": "there's stuff we've lost there too", "k06sYSjNsiY-00175-00040458-00040668": "L: it would just be so great to have an", "k06sYSjNsiY-00176-00040668-00041055": "audio video documentary of Old English.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00177-00041055-00041231": "Someone needs to invent time travel G: this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00178-00041231-00041438": "is what I would do if I had time travel", "k06sYSjNsiY-00179-00041438-00041580": "is I would go back to all of these", "k06sYSjNsiY-00180-00041580-00041819": "different places and times and like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00181-00041819-00042044": "document their languages, obviously L: that is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00182-00042044-00042249": "the first thing we'd do G: I mean if you can go way back", "k06sYSjNsiY-00183-00042249-00042428": "you could see if you could find the like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00184-00042428-00042659": "hypothetical proto-world, like the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00185-00042659-00042840": "ancestor of all of the human languages", "k06sYSjNsiY-00186-00042840-00042996": "like was there just one? Were there", "k06sYSjNsiY-00187-00042996-00043128": "several languages? Can we go back", "k06sYSjNsiY-00188-00043128-00043338": "and find this? When was it? L: time travel is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00189-00043338-00043518": "really the only way that this is ever", "k06sYSjNsiY-00190-00043518-00043671": "going to get solved G: yeah so that's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00191-00043671-00043833": "definitely my highest priority, and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00192-00043833-00043959": "then you could go back and find like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00193-00043959-00044112": "specific proto languages like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00194-00044112-00044409": "proto-indo-european L: I love that this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00195-00044409-00044675": "is like. top of your to-do list G: I have", "k06sYSjNsiY-00196-00044675-00044834": "thought this through! I have thought of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00197-00044834-00045140": "this before L: I love the like first", "k06sYSjNsiY-00198-00045140-00045357": "grant request after they've invented", "k06sYSjNsiY-00199-00045357-00045615": "time travel is you being like 'gonna", "k06sYSjNsiY-00200-00045615-00045852": "take my audio recorder let's go!' G: yeah! L: so", "k06sYSjNsiY-00201-00045852-00046100": "we can't go back that far to see what", "k06sYSjNsiY-00202-00046100-00046247": "people were complaining about the kids", "k06sYSjNsiY-00203-00046247-00046397": "doing but we can still go back pretty", "k06sYSjNsiY-00204-00046397-00046640": "far in written records, and you have some", "k06sYSjNsiY-00205-00046640-00046865": "historical records right? G: yeah so in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00206-00046865-00047025": "addition to Socrates there's a bunch of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00207-00047025-00047211": "people complaining about Latin", "k06sYSjNsiY-00208-00047211-00047415": "errors that people were making in kind", "k06sYSjNsiY-00209-00047415-00047553": "of medieval Latin and being like 'these", "k06sYSjNsiY-00210-00047553-00047718": "people they speak terrible Latin, they", "k06sYSjNsiY-00211-00047718-00047909": "write terrible Latin' and a lot of those", "k06sYSjNsiY-00212-00047909-00048200": "so-called errors became totally common", "k06sYSjNsiY-00213-00048200-00048419": "and unremarkable conventions in the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00214-00048419-00048578": "romance languages, in French and Spanish", "k06sYSjNsiY-00215-00048578-00048753": "Italian and so on L: oh yeah all of the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00216-00048753-00048933": "romance languages are really quote", "k06sYSjNsiY-00217-00048933-00049200": "unquote corrupted forms of Latin but now", "k06sYSjNsiY-00218-00049200-00049437": "we think of them as really fancy G: yeah. My", "k06sYSjNsiY-00219-00049437-00049650": "favorite example - so I actually put a call", "k06sYSjNsiY-00220-00049650-00049796": "out on Twitter for this because I just", "k06sYSjNsiY-00221-00049796-00049975": "had a feeling that somebody must have", "k06sYSjNsiY-00222-00049975-00050244": "complained about this at some point when", "k06sYSjNsiY-00223-00050244-00050412": "English and French were kind of mixing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00224-00050412-00050577": "together after the Norman conquest and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00225-00050577-00050856": "Dave Sayers who's a linguist came to the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00226-00050856-00051018": "rescue and pointed out that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00227-00051018-00051467": "this historian, Bokenham, in 1440 has", "k06sYSjNsiY-00228-00051467-00051801": "this long complaint which is written in -", "k06sYSjNsiY-00229-00051801-00051963": "you can kind of understand it because", "k06sYSjNsiY-00230-00051963-00052146": "it's Middle English", "k06sYSjNsiY-00231-00052146-00052320": "at this point right, but I will not try", "k06sYSjNsiY-00232-00052320-00052458": "to read the Middle English I'll read a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00233-00052458-00052670": "part of the translation which says 'and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00234-00052670-00052914": "this corruption of Englishmen in their", "k06sYSjNsiY-00235-00052914-00053129": "mother tongue begun as I have said", "k06sYSjNsiY-00236-00053129-00053373": "in the everyday admixture of first", "k06sYSjNsiY-00237-00053373-00053748": "Danish then Norman, was greatly augmented", "k06sYSjNsiY-00238-00053748-00053942": "and increased after the arrival of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00239-00053942-00054123": "William the Conqueror by two things' and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00240-00054123-00054648": "so on and so forth and then skipping to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00241-00054648-00054837": "a later part of the paragraph 'and seeing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00242-00054837-00055032": "this the rural people saw that they", "k06sYSjNsiY-00243-00055032-00055214": "might seem to be the more esteemed and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00244-00055214-00055404": "honorable and the more easily opened to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00245-00055404-00055551": "the acquaintance of the worthy and the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00246-00055551-00055920": "great, abandoned their mother tongue and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00247-00055920-00056105": "laboured to be able to speak French, and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00248-00056105-00056366": "thus in the course of time barbarise them", "k06sYSjNsiY-00249-00056366-00056607": "both and spoke neither good French nor", "k06sYSjNsiY-00250-00056607-00057305": "good English' L: Ha! I love it so much! So basically", "k06sYSjNsiY-00251-00057305-00057513": "the English we have now that is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00252-00057513-00057924": "maybe a third lexical items borrowed from", "k06sYSjNsiY-00253-00057924-00058205": "French would just upset this guy a lot", "k06sYSjNsiY-00254-00058205-00058401": "G: this guy was really mad, and I mean the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00255-00058401-00058611": "ironic thing is of course he uses some", "k06sYSjNsiY-00256-00058611-00058836": "French words in his complaint L:  ahh yeah but they're the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00257-00058836-00059112": "ok ones G: yeah so he uses words like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00258-00059112-00059382": "'corruption' and 'familiar' and 'augmentation'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00259-00059382-00059562": "and 'honourable' and all of these words", "k06sYSjNsiY-00260-00059562-00059694": "come from French in his complaint L: that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00261-00059694-00060069": "is so good G: but he's still really annoyed", "k06sYSjNsiY-00262-00060069-00060308": "by this - 'they barbarise them both and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00263-00060308-00060498": "speak neither good French nor good English'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00264-00060498-00060963": "L: also known as modern English G: yep sorry,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00265-00060963-00061260": "sorry guys! L: yeah that is so good. So peeving", "k06sYSjNsiY-00266-00061260-00061604": "about how people are speaking today and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00267-00061604-00061779": "how the  modern", "k06sYSjNsiY-00268-00061779-00061982": "generations are ruining language is a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00269-00061982-00062220": "thing that we have a long and studied", "k06sYSjNsiY-00270-00062220-00062439": "history of G: I just, but it's just going", "k06sYSjNsiY-00271-00062439-00062691": "to like in 500 years or in a thousand", "k06sYSjNsiY-00272-00062691-00062904": "years it's going to make you look like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00273-00062904-00063039": "you didn't know what you were doing so", "k06sYSjNsiY-00274-00063039-00063377": "why not just skip that and not peeve in the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00275-00063377-00063501": "first place! L: so people have been", "k06sYSjNsiY-00276-00063501-00063744": "complaining about the way people talk", "k06sYSjNsiY-00277-00063744-00063936": "for a very long time but what I also", "k06sYSjNsiY-00278-00063936-00064145": "find quite fascinating is often the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00279-00064145-00064350": "things that people complain about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00280-00064350-00064647": "young people doing aren't necessarily", "k06sYSjNsiY-00281-00064647-00064926": "just done by young people, and a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00282-00064926-00065172": "lot of the complaints about features of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00283-00065172-00065391": "language that people find irritating are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00284-00065391-00065607": "often found across their own generation", "k06sYSjNsiY-00285-00065607-00065790": "as well but for some reason they kind of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00286-00065790-00066069": "focus on young people doing it G: perception", "k06sYSjNsiY-00287-00066069-00066237": "bias isn't a thing right?! L: perception bias", "k06sYSjNsiY-00288-00066237-00066522": "is like a massive thing here and 'like' is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00289-00066522-00066762": "a really great example of this because", "k06sYSjNsiY-00290-00066762-00067038": "there are some uses of 'like' that people", "k06sYSjNsiY-00291-00067038-00067248": "find irritating but have been used for", "k06sYSjNsiY-00292-00067248-00067491": "hundreds of years G: yeah so there's a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00293-00067491-00067758": "linguist who is kind of the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00294-00067758-00068025": "L: she's like the boss of 'like' G: she is like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00295-00068025-00068226": "the person who knows things about 'like'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00296-00068226-00068454": "and her name is Alexandra Darcy and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00297-00068454-00068604": "she's a linguist at University of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00298-00068604-00069066": "Victoria in BC and she has done a whole", "k06sYSjNsiY-00299-00069066-00069207": "bunch of stuff about 'like'. She's looked", "k06sYSjNsiY-00300-00069207-00069345": "at different people's uses of it,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00301-00069345-00069507": "perceptions of it, she's just come up", "k06sYSjNsiY-00302-00069507-00069705": "with a book called '800 years of like',", "k06sYSjNsiY-00303-00069705-00069951": "which is about how like has an eight", "k06sYSjNsiY-00304-00069951-00070065": "hundred year history, I haven't read the book", "k06sYSjNsiY-00305-00070065-00070374": "yet, I assume it's good L: she's really", "k06sYSjNsiY-00306-00070374-00070539": "great and I love this, she's done quite a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00307-00070539-00070680": "few interviews and I've read some of her", "k06sYSjNsiY-00308-00070680-00070917": "shorter stuff so I feel confident in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00309-00070917-00071088": "saying that the book would be good G yes,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00310-00071088-00071268": "she's done a great interview with", "k06sYSjNsiY-00311-00071268-00071463": "Lexicon Valley, so you can check", "k06sYSjNsiY-00312-00071463-00071613": "that out if you'd like more podcast things. And", "k06sYSjNsiY-00313-00071613-00071847": "she's talked about 'like' and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00314-00071847-00071970": "one of the points that she's made in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00315-00071970-00072153": "one of her papers is that it's not", "k06sYSjNsiY-00316-00072153-00072510": "randomly inserted. So one of the things", "k06sYSjNsiY-00317-00072510-00072699": "that people have as a perception of 'like'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00318-00072699-00072810": "is like 'oh people are just throwing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00319-00072810-00072966": "it around randomly and inserting it", "k06sYSjNsiY-00320-00072966-00073107": "randomly'. She says no, you can actually", "k06sYSjNsiY-00321-00073107-00073275": "characterize a bunch of different", "k06sYSjNsiY-00322-00073275-00073506": "functions that it has and where each of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00323-00073506-00073689": "those go with respect to other kinds of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00324-00073689-00073998": "words. So there's the approximate of 'like'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00325-00073998-00074199": "which is the one when you say 'what are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00326-00074199-00074463": "we having for dinner?' 'Oh I don't know, like, pasta'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00327-00074463-00074613": "which doesn't commit you to having", "k06sYSjNsiY-00328-00074613-00074775": "specifically pasta but something in that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00329-00074775-00075006": "general domain. Or there's quotative", "k06sYSjNsiY-00330-00075006-00075204": "'like', which is one of my favorites,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00331-00075204-00075396": "which is when you say 'and then I was", "k06sYSjNsiY-00332-00075396-00075585": "like' 'and then she was like' to introduce", "k06sYSjNsiY-00333-00075585-00075879": "reported speech L: I find it so useful G: it's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00334-00075879-00076044": "so useful. The cool thing about quotative", "k06sYSjNsiY-00335-00076044-00076283": "'like' is that you can use it to introduce", "k06sYSjNsiY-00336-00076283-00076508": "some things that's not a direct quote.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00337-00076508-00076755": "So you can say something like and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00338-00076755-00076908": "'I was like...' and then you can make a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00339-00076908-00077106": "facial expression. Or you can use it", "k06sYSjNsiY-00340-00077106-00077316": "to introduce what you're thinking rather", "k06sYSjNsiY-00341-00077316-00077478": "than what you're saying, so you can say", "k06sYSjNsiY-00342-00077478-00077580": "something like 'and I was like I can't", "k06sYSjNsiY-00343-00077580-00077708": "believe this but I said", "k06sYSjNsiY-00344-00077708-00077906": "blah blah blah' 'oh really how", "k06sYSjNsiY-00345-00077906-00078087": "interesting', so you can use the kind of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00346-00078087-00078312": "manage the dichotomy around various", "k06sYSjNsiY-00347-00078312-00078449": "different ways that you could react or", "k06sYSjNsiY-00348-00078449-00078557": "that you could say in response to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00349-00078557-00078674": "something. So it had a lot more subtlety", "k06sYSjNsiY-00350-00078674-00078905": "than 'said' L: the evolution of 'like'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00351-00078905-00079076": "and the fact that a lot of people use", "k06sYSjNsiY-00352-00079076-00079283": "many of the uses. but young people", "k06sYSjNsiY-00353-00079283-00079530": "continue to innovate interesting and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00354-00079530-00079830": "stable uses of it, shows that people are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00355-00079830-00080027": "really clever at language and that it's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00356-00080027-00080276": "a very creative thing to do, but there", "k06sYSjNsiY-00357-00080276-00080586": "are these like red flags that just go up", "k06sYSjNsiY-00358-00080586-00080754": "for people when certain things happen", "k06sYSjNsiY-00359-00080754-00080939": "and it is often only when young people", "k06sYSjNsiY-00360-00080939-00081212": "do it. So an older person may use like in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00361-00081212-00081431": "many similar ways but it flies under the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00362-00081431-00081626": "radar G: yeah. I think one of my favorite", "k06sYSjNsiY-00363-00081626-00081891": "responses to the quotative 'like' thing is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00364-00081891-00082208": "an XKCD comic we'll link to, and its", "k06sYSjNsiY-00365-00082208-00082355": "dialogue and it says 'I found this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00366-00082355-00082512": "article on the linguistics of quotative 'like,'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00367-00082512-00082724": "like when you're like she was like'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00368-00082724-00082955": "she's like 'yeah featured a quote from a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00369-00082955-00083177": "linguist Patricia Cukor-Avila' - I don't know if", "k06sYSjNsiY-00370-00083177-00083318": "I'm saying that right - 'eventually all", "k06sYSjNsiY-00371-00083318-00083454": "people who hate this kind of thing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00372-00083454-00083580": "are going to be dead and the ones who", "k06sYSjNsiY-00373-00083580-00083756": "use it are going to be in control' and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00374-00083756-00083951": "then the other character says 'wow linguists", "k06sYSjNsiY-00375-00083951-00084158": "are pretty hardcore!'  ...I think", "k06sYSjNsiY-00376-00084158-00084443": "she means dead for old age. I'm gonna", "k06sYSjNsiY-00377-00084443-00084914": "start saying 'like' more just in case! So", "k06sYSjNsiY-00378-00084914-00085106": "every linguist of my acquaintance posted", "k06sYSjNsiY-00379-00085106-00085248": "about this being like 'we are hardcore", "k06sYSjNsiY-00380-00085248-00085367": "we're totally hardcore thanks for", "k06sYSjNsiY-00381-00085367-00085532": "recognising this xkcd' L: but I think", "k06sYSjNsiY-00382-00085532-00085724": "this touches on an important thing that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00383-00085724-00085970": "often gets lost or has historically", "k06sYSjNsiY-00384-00085970-00086102": "gotten lost in the rhetoric around", "k06sYSjNsiY-00385-00086102-00086351": "linguists being descriptive, it's a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00386-00086351-00086525": "chicken and egg thing - what we're saying", "k06sYSjNsiY-00387-00086525-00086717": "is 'this is what people do, isn't it an", "k06sYSjNsiY-00388-00086717-00086888": "interesting phenomenon' and that's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00389-00086888-00087188": "interpreted as linguists saying 'this is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00390-00087188-00087342": "a good thing to do so do it'. We're saying", "k06sYSjNsiY-00391-00087342-00087494": "'no it's good because it's interesting", "k06sYSjNsiY-00392-00087494-00087782": "to us' G: it's there, it's just it's a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00393-00087782-00087977": "reflection of what exists L: and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00394-00087977-00088137": "us saying that it's actually", "k06sYSjNsiY-00395-00088137-00088295": "interesting and complex and has its own", "k06sYSjNsiY-00396-00088295-00088508": "rules doesn't mean that we're", "k06sYSjNsiY-00397-00088508-00088727": "necessarily advocating that you have to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00398-00088727-00088941": "do this G: but I think we'd be putting our", "k06sYSjNsiY-00399-00088941-00089108": "fingers in our ears and closing our eyes", "k06sYSjNsiY-00400-00089108-00089306": "and going 'na na na na na I can't hear you'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00401-00089306-00089543": "is to say 'oh this doesn't exist so we", "k06sYSjNsiY-00402-00089543-00089681": "can't analyze it because it doesn't fit", "k06sYSjNsiY-00403-00089681-00089892": "with our idea of what English should", "k06sYSjNsiY-00404-00089892-00090024": "sound like' L: and I think it's also", "k06sYSjNsiY-00405-00090024-00090227": "important to acknowledge that just", "k06sYSjNsiY-00406-00090227-00090441": "because we notice it's a phenomenon", "k06sYSjNsiY-00407-00090441-00090620": "doesn't mean that we don't still", "k06sYSjNsiY-00408-00090620-00090822": "encourage people to use appropriate", "k06sYSjNsiY-00409-00090822-00091056": "language in appropriate domains.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00410-00091056-00091419": "So something like quotative 'like' is I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00411-00091419-00091602": "think completely acceptable, I use it all", "k06sYSjNsiY-00412-00091602-00091890": "the time and I find it really useful but", "k06sYSjNsiY-00413-00091890-00092046": "I definitely wouldn't encourage a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00414-00092046-00092463": "student to use it in an essay, or in a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00415-00092463-00092802": "formal email to a colleague at work", "k06sYSjNsiY-00416-00092802-00092964": "G: I think if I saw that in a novel I would still", "k06sYSjNsiY-00417-00092964-00093162": "be surprised, you know novel tend to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00418-00093162-00093480": "use 'said' still for dialogue tags but I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00419-00093480-00093702": "think that that's a, you know, language", "k06sYSjNsiY-00420-00093702-00093900": "has multiple registers and multiple", "k06sYSjNsiY-00421-00093900-00094056": "styles that are used in different", "k06sYSjNsiY-00422-00094056-00094233": "environments but that doesn't mean that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00423-00094233-00094392": "one of them has to be wrong,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00424-00094392-00094533": "like we have different types of clothes", "k06sYSjNsiY-00425-00094533-00094644": "that we wear for different situations", "k06sYSjNsiY-00426-00094644-00094848": "that doesn't mean that the only correct", "k06sYSjNsiY-00427-00094848-00095226": "clothing is like one kind - you must be", "k06sYSjNsiY-00428-00095226-00095400": "wearing a three-piece suit and if you're", "k06sYSjNsiY-00429-00095400-00095586": "not wearing that you might as well not", "k06sYSjNsiY-00430-00095586-00095811": "even be wearing clothes at all! L: I don't", "k06sYSjNsiY-00431-00095811-00096006": "know, I wear my tuxedo around the house all the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00432-00096006-00096270": "time! And that's part of, I mean I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00433-00096270-00096420": "don't want to draw attention to our own", "k06sYSjNsiY-00434-00096420-00096612": "languages because people have to listen", "k06sYSjNsiY-00435-00096612-00096897": "to it but I definitely don't speak like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00436-00096897-00097116": "I talk to you on the podcast in the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00437-00097116-00097350": "same way as I do in a job interview, and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00438-00097350-00097572": "we're probably even more informal when", "k06sYSjNsiY-00439-00097572-00097797": "we're not trying to be articulate for", "k06sYSjNsiY-00440-00097797-00098070": "podcasting G: or like with children, or with", "k06sYSjNsiY-00441-00098070-00098211": "a pet or something, like you talk", "k06sYSjNsiY-00442-00098211-00098358": "differently. But I think it's also worth", "k06sYSjNsiY-00443-00098358-00098571": "pointing out that what we think of as", "k06sYSjNsiY-00444-00098571-00098841": "formal and correct and so on when it", "k06sYSjNsiY-00445-00098841-00099060": "comes to language is also based a lot on", "k06sYSjNsiY-00446-00099060-00099339": "the existing power dynamics that happen", "k06sYSjNsiY-00447-00099339-00099582": "in our society. So the type of English", "k06sYSjNsiY-00448-00099582-00099741": "that we think of as the best English,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00449-00099741-00099960": "it's not like we did a survey of all the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00450-00099960-00100182": "english's and they analysed them for like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00451-00100182-00100358": "their expressive capability and they", "k06sYSjNsiY-00452-00100358-00100566": "were like 'after a sober consideration of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00453-00100566-00100791": "the merits we've decided this one' L: no,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00454-00100791-00101133": "it's often the... and I think it one thing we", "k06sYSjNsiY-00455-00101133-00101313": "probably should've flagged earlier on in the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00456-00101313-00101460": "conversation is we're talking mostly", "k06sYSjNsiY-00457-00101460-00101772": "about age based differences even though", "k06sYSjNsiY-00458-00101772-00101970": "they're somewhat arbitrary here but of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00459-00101970-00102135": "course there are other socio", "k06sYSjNsiY-00460-00102135-00102378": "linguistic factors that this interacts", "k06sYSjNsiY-00461-00102378-00102600": "with and there's gender and there's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00462-00102600-00102924": "level of education and there's race and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00463-00102924-00103109": "there's different dynamics happening in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00464-00103109-00103394": "the UK and the US. All of this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00465-00103394-00103539": "interplays, and I think sociolinguists have", "k06sYSjNsiY-00466-00103539-00103740": "always been really great, especially the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00467-00103740-00103923": "kind of ones who look at variation in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00468-00103923-00104079": "different groups have always been really great", "k06sYSjNsiY-00469-00104079-00104247": "at acknowledging a lot of these factors", "k06sYSjNsiY-00470-00104247-00104444": "G: yeah. But we come into this saying", "k06sYSjNsiY-00471-00104444-00104574": "'well the type of English that's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00472-00104574-00104720": "been considered the best is the kind", "k06sYSjNsiY-00473-00104720-00104942": "that's you know modeled on Latin that's spoken", "k06sYSjNsiY-00474-00104942-00105158": "by upper-class British dudes from like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00475-00105158-00105438": "the 1800s, and that's a very", "k06sYSjNsiY-00476-00105438-00105600": "particular type of English, it has no", "k06sYSjNsiY-00477-00105600-00105798": "more particular merits than any other", "k06sYSjNsiY-00478-00105798-00106064": "one but there are people who", "k06sYSjNsiY-00479-00106064-00106211": "wanted to be associated with that type", "k06sYSjNsiY-00480-00106211-00106388": "of group have been L: perpetuating that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00481-00106388-00106589": "standard G: exactly L: which is more or less", "k06sYSjNsiY-00482-00106589-00106797": "accessible to different people and we", "k06sYSjNsiY-00483-00106797-00106961": "acknowledge that and that's why it's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00484-00106961-00107135": "important to teach, I think, the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00485-00107135-00107349": "idea that there are genres and there", "k06sYSjNsiY-00486-00107349-00107607": "are audiences, and the variety of English", "k06sYSjNsiY-00487-00107607-00107780": "that you might speak at home or to your", "k06sYSjNsiY-00488-00107780-00107976": "friends is not necessarily less valid,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00489-00107976-00108273": "it's just not the \"genre appropriate\" G: yeah,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00490-00108273-00108413": "it's complicated because a lot of people", "k06sYSjNsiY-00491-00108413-00108614": "get taught in school 'okay this is the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00492-00108614-00108764": "right way to do things' or this is what'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00493-00108764-00108948": "you need to do' and on", "k06sYSjNsiY-00494-00108948-00109067": "the one hand you can say okay well the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00495-00109067-00109182": "schools trying to give you the skills to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00496-00109182-00109313": "survive in the world where people are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00497-00109313-00109415": "going to judge you based on your", "k06sYSjNsiY-00498-00109415-00109604": "language but they're also perpetuating the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00499-00109604-00109754": "ideology that makes it okay to judge", "k06sYSjNsiY-00500-00109754-00109872": "other people based on their language", "k06sYSjNsiY-00501-00109872-00110133": "L: yeo, and I used to be a bit of a peever", "k06sYSjNsiY-00502-00110133-00110465": "and like feel like I kind of knew", "k06sYSjNsiY-00503-00110465-00110711": "these three things about language but", "k06sYSjNsiY-00504-00110711-00110876": "actually because I'm rubbish at spelling", "k06sYSjNsiY-00505-00110876-00111191": "and because I've often had not the kind", "k06sYSjNsiY-00506-00111191-00111474": "of default best accent quote-unquote as", "k06sYSjNsiY-00507-00111474-00111720": "an Australian in other context I kind of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00508-00111720-00111957": "learnt  really quickly", "k06sYSjNsiY-00509-00111957-00112125": "that  like complaining about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00510-00112125-00112275": "the way other people use language wasn't", "k06sYSjNsiY-00511-00112275-00112517": "going to get me very far because I'm not", "k06sYSjNsiY-00512-00112517-00112805": "always that standard at it myself G: yeah I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00513-00112805-00112998": "think there's a lot of stuff around", "k06sYSjNsiY-00514-00112998-00113148": "the Canadian accent, some people...", "k06sYSjNsiY-00515-00113148-00113258": "because it's not quite the same as the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00516-00113258-00113390": "U.S., but Americans tend to have a very", "k06sYSjNsiY-00517-00113390-00113585": "caricatured idea of what constitutes a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00518-00113585-00113729": "Canadian accent and then having a Nova", "k06sYSjNsiY-00519-00113729-00113888": "Scotian accent within that I also have", "k06sYSjNsiY-00520-00113888-00114063": "non standard features but I think like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00521-00114063-00114179": "when I initially interested in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00522-00114179-00114351": "language it often gets conflated, the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00523-00114351-00114590": "idea that oh you're interested in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00524-00114590-00114761": "linguistics so you must also be", "k06sYSjNsiY-00525-00114761-00114911": "interested in like judging people's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00526-00114911-00115074": "grammar L: yeah I got a bunch of those", "k06sYSjNsiY-00527-00115074-00115308": "books from people early on G: and you know", "k06sYSjNsiY-00528-00115308-00115430": "if I meet people at parties and they're", "k06sYSjNsiY-00529-00115430-00115559": "like 'oh you're a linguist I guess I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00530-00115559-00115715": "better watch how I talk around you!' I'm like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00531-00115715-00115889": "'no no no please don't!' - well, I mean, I'm", "k06sYSjNsiY-00532-00115889-00116030": "interested in what you're doing but like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00533-00116030-00116276": "I'm not, like I'm going to analyse your", "k06sYSjNsiY-00534-00116276-00116441": "vowels, but like I don't want to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00535-00116441-00116622": "criticise you for them L: that's the thing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00536-00116622-00116753": "I find interesting is these like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00537-00116753-00116958": "complaints about language tend to center", "k06sYSjNsiY-00538-00116958-00117191": "on the same things again and again.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00539-00117191-00117416": "Whether or not people use 'like' all over", "k06sYSjNsiY-00540-00117416-00117608": "the place is one of them, people are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00541-00117608-00117808": "really obsessed with 'literally',", "k06sYSjNsiY-00542-00117808-00118085": "literally obsessed G: hyperbolic literally.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00543-00118085-00118280": "I mean hyperbole is a thing, hyperbole is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00544-00118280-00118412": "a real thing that people do I don't", "k06sYSjNsiY-00545-00118412-00118559": "think anyone complains that saying like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00546-00118559-00118719": "'I told you once I've told you a million", "k06sYSjNsiY-00547-00118719-00118874": "times' like suddenly no one understands", "k06sYSjNsiY-00548-00118874-00119099": "what million means anymore L: yeah you know", "k06sYSjNsiY-00549-00119099-00119271": "like everyone's pretty chill about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00550-00119271-00119469": "fabulous meaning that something's pretty", "k06sYSjNsiY-00551-00119469-00119702": "good these days no one's like 'I'm sorry", "k06sYSjNsiY-00552-00119702-00120005": "but it doesn't pertain to fables why are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00553-00120005-00120227": "using the word fabulous' G: I mean to be", "k06sYSjNsiY-00554-00120227-00120362": "honest I actually don't think we're", "k06sYSjNsiY-00555-00120362-00120542": "being pedantic enough about 'literally',", "k06sYSjNsiY-00556-00120542-00120744": "because it literally means pertaining to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00557-00120744-00120969": "a letter, and so if you're not using", "k06sYSjNsiY-00558-00120969-00121160": "literal to mean pertaining to the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00559-00121160-00121364": "alphabet I think you're using it wrong", "k06sYSjNsiY-00560-00121364-00121787": "L: if you are not struck down by absolute", "k06sYSjNsiY-00561-00121787-00122048": "pure awe, the thing is not awesome", "k06sYSjNsiY-00562-00122048-00122288": "G: true, true! But also awesome and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00563-00122288-00122501": "awful mean the same thing and like if", "k06sYSjNsiY-00564-00122501-00122658": "you use them to mean different things", "k06sYSjNsiY-00565-00122658-00122855": "you're you know... L: yeah so once you start", "k06sYSjNsiY-00566-00122855-00123120": "it's like a leveling up right, like you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00567-00123120-00123305": "start and you're like 'oh language has", "k06sYSjNsiY-00568-00123305-00123573": "rules and here are a few I've learnt and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00569-00123573-00123771": "I'm going to be judging other people for", "k06sYSjNsiY-00570-00123771-00123974": "not also knowing these secret club rules'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00571-00123974-00124178": "and then you kind of learn that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00572-00124178-00124430": "actually all language is somewhat", "k06sYSjNsiY-00573-00124430-00124652": "arbitrary and changing all the time and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00574-00124652-00124838": "a lot of things that people take as", "k06sYSjNsiY-00575-00124838-00125108": "hardcore rules and don't like other", "k06sYSjNsiY-00576-00125108-00125339": "people not doing were at their own time", "k06sYSjNsiY-00577-00125339-00125549": "like arbitrary, non-standard uses and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00578-00125549-00125673": "then you feel a bit more relaxed about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00579-00125673-00125907": "things G: yeah, like etymology is really fun,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00580-00125907-00126123": "like I like learning where words come", "k06sYSjNsiY-00581-00126123-00126284": "from and 'oh these three words actually", "k06sYSjNsiY-00582-00126284-00126413": "have this hidden connection' like that's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00583-00126413-00126584": "really interesting. This nice graph by", "k06sYSjNsiY-00584-00126584-00126776": "Rob Drummond that illustrates this, which", "k06sYSjNsiY-00585-00126776-00126992": "we can link to, and it kind of shows that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00586-00126992-00127136": "when you start learning things about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00587-00127136-00127286": "language often you're knowledge", "k06sYSjNsiY-00588-00127286-00127427": "about language and you're pedantry", "k06sYSjNsiY-00589-00127427-00127679": "increase in lockstep with each other and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00590-00127679-00127850": "then at a certain point your knowledge", "k06sYSjNsiY-00591-00127850-00128022": "about language levels off for a bit - it's a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00592-00128022-00128240": "stylised graph - and your pedantry just", "k06sYSjNsiY-00593-00128240-00128408": "massively increases, and then as you keep", "k06sYSjNsiY-00594-00128408-00128607": "learning more you realise there's actually", "k06sYSjNsiY-00595-00128607-00128777": "no point in being pedantic about it and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00596-00128777-00128966": "in fact your pedantry goes right the way down", "k06sYSjNsiY-00597-00128966-00129123": "and you start getting really annoyed by", "k06sYSjNsiY-00598-00129123-00129246": "people who are who are annoyed about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00599-00129246-00129432": "language and your knowledge about language", "k06sYSjNsiY-00600-00129432-00129629": "keeps increasing, and so trying to move", "k06sYSjNsiY-00601-00129629-00129899": "as rapidly as possible into that final", "k06sYSjNsiY-00602-00129899-00130148": "stage L: it's pretty zen over this side I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00603-00130148-00130340": "have to say G: it's really zen, it's really", "k06sYSjNsiY-00604-00130340-00130508": "good for your blood pressure to not be a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00605-00130508-00130658": "pedant L: yeah. A lot of what we've been", "k06sYSjNsiY-00606-00130658-00130877": "talking about as well has been presuming", "k06sYSjNsiY-00607-00130877-00131030": "that it's older people complaining about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00608-00131030-00131114": "what younger people", "k06sYSjNsiY-00609-00131114-00131327": "do, but Ali Severen at Monash", "k06sYSjNsiY-00610-00131327-00131585": "University did a really great thesis on", "k06sYSjNsiY-00611-00131585-00131876": "looking at older and younger people who", "k06sYSjNsiY-00612-00131876-00132195": "have feelings about non-standard grammar", "k06sYSjNsiY-00613-00132195-00132440": "usage and things like spelling there", "k06sYSjNsiY-00614-00132440-00132692": "their and they're. And some people move", "k06sYSjNsiY-00615-00132692-00132880": "through to this trajectory younger or older", "k06sYSjNsiY-00616-00132880-00133091": "G: mm-hmm it's not exclusively an age", "k06sYSjNsiY-00617-00133091-00133274": "thing I mean it's also gender, it's also", "k06sYSjNsiY-00618-00133274-00133484": "race, it's also class, there's a bunch", "k06sYSjNsiY-00619-00133484-00133764": "of different levels to it, it's all", "k06sYSjNsiY-00620-00133764-00133853": "evel of education. You spend you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00621-00133853-00134000": "five or ten years figuring out 'okay", "k06sYSjNsiY-00622-00134000-00134183": "this is how you should use it' then you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00623-00134183-00134291": "can get very self-righteous about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00624-00134291-00134435": "apostrophes when it comes to other", "k06sYSjNsiY-00625-00134435-00134615": "people. And that's been very good for", "k06sYSjNsiY-00626-00134615-00134834": "my sense of relaxation and sense", "k06sYSjNsiY-00627-00134834-00135089": "of calm to be like 'actually what I'm", "k06sYSjNsiY-00628-00135089-00135345": "really interested in is just tracking", "k06sYSjNsiY-00629-00135345-00135602": "the decline of 'whom' and the bizarre", "k06sYSjNsiY-00630-00135602-00135771": "circumstances under which people use it", "k06sYSjNsiY-00631-00135771-00135953": "to try to sound fancy even when it isn't", "k06sYSjNsiY-00632-00135953-00136146": "historically, that's not historically", "k06sYSjNsiY-00633-00136146-00136400": "the right environment'. It becomes an", "k06sYSjNsiY-00634-00136400-00136553": "interesting question you can say let's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00635-00136553-00136697": "look at this economically one of the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00636-00136697-00136859": "ones that I'm tracking is the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00637-00136859-00137087": "combination of 'a lot' with no space", "k06sYSjNsiY-00638-00137087-00137264": "because historically we've done this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00639-00137264-00137486": "with the words like 'alright' and 'albeit'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00640-00137486-00137804": "and 'altogether' L: and 'a lot' is heading that way", "k06sYSjNsiY-00641-00137804-00137987": "G: it's heading that way, for perfectly", "k06sYSjNsiY-00642-00137987-00138128": "good historical reasons if it's not used", "k06sYSjNsiY-00643-00138128-00138401": "like 'a lot' L: we've kind of touched on the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00644-00138401-00138659": "fact that a lot of these changes that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00645-00138659-00138921": "happen that people decry are often", "k06sYSjNsiY-00646-00138921-00139271": "indicators of creativity and they can be", "k06sYSjNsiY-00647-00139271-00139538": "predictors of actually good language", "k06sYSjNsiY-00648-00139538-00139833": "skills. So Nina Kemp has been doing, I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00649-00139833-00140145": "have a post from 2011 here but she's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00650-00140145-00140321": "been doing some work at the University", "k06sYSjNsiY-00651-00140321-00140508": "of Tasmania over the years looking at", "k06sYSjNsiY-00652-00140508-00140804": "the texting skills and literacy skills", "k06sYSjNsiY-00653-00140804-00141176": "of young students, and as a general", "k06sYSjNsiY-00654-00141176-00141347": "predictor just because a student is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00655-00141347-00141614": "really using a lot of informal language", "k06sYSjNsiY-00656-00141614-00141851": "in their text messages doesn't mean that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00657-00141851-00141986": "they're going to be using that in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00658-00141986-00142229": "classrooms as well if they're educated", "k06sYSjNsiY-00659-00142229-00142451": "in using the right language for the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00660-00142451-00142596": "right audience they can generally show", "k06sYSjNsiY-00661-00142596-00142796": "good literacy skills, and they're", "k06sYSjNsiY-00662-00142796-00142995": "capable of using one type of language", "k06sYSjNsiY-00663-00142995-00143145": "with their friends and another in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00664-00143145-00143414": "testing situations. So just because", "k06sYSjNsiY-00665-00143414-00143694": "people do use non-standard forms in some", "k06sYSjNsiY-00666-00143694-00143855": "context doesn't mean that they're", "k06sYSjNsiY-00667-00143855-00144137": "actually bad at language G: I'm going to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00668-00144137-00144330": "invoke XKCD again, I can't believe I got to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00669-00144330-00144429": "to cite", "k06sYSjNsiY-00670-00144429-00144663": "XKCD twice in the same episode but", "k06sYSjNsiY-00671-00144663-00144828": "there's another XKCD comic which we'll", "k06sYSjNsiY-00672-00144828-00145002": "also link to,  'you know another study", "k06sYSjNsiY-00673-00145002-00145194": "found that kids who use SMS", "k06sYSjNsiY-00674-00145194-00145374": "abbreviations actually score higher on", "k06sYSjNsiY-00675-00145374-00145527": "grammar and spelling tests' and the other", "k06sYSjNsiY-00676-00145527-00145686": "characters says 'well why on earth is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00677-00145686-00145929": "that a surprise imagine kids suddenly", "k06sYSjNsiY-00678-00145929-00146166": "start playing catch literally all the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00679-00146166-00146337": "time everywhere they go they throw balls", "k06sYSjNsiY-00680-00146337-00146475": "back and forth toss them in the air", "k06sYSjNsiY-00681-00146475-00146661": "hurl them at trees and signs nearly every", "k06sYSjNsiY-00682-00146661-00146805": "waking hour their lives, do you think", "k06sYSjNsiY-00683-00146805-00146943": "their generation will suck at baseball", "k06sYSjNsiY-00684-00146943-00147273": "because they learn sloppy skills?' L: it's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00685-00147273-00147528": "true, it keeps you playing around with", "k06sYSjNsiY-00686-00147528-00147744": "language more and thinking about it more", "k06sYSjNsiY-00687-00147744-00147987": "often G: and I think that being reflexive", "k06sYSjNsiY-00688-00147987-00148125": "about your own languages is something", "k06sYSjNsiY-00689-00148125-00148341": "that can also happen in an informal", "k06sYSjNsiY-00690-00148341-00148476": "setting. If you think about sending a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00691-00148476-00148719": "text to someone that you have a crush on", "k06sYSjNsiY-00692-00148719-00148908": "or that you need to break up with these", "k06sYSjNsiY-00693-00148908-00149151": "are very high stakes social interactions", "k06sYSjNsiY-00694-00149151-00149331": "that you might get three friends to read", "k06sYSjNsiY-00695-00149331-00149466": "over your texts with you and say 'do you think", "k06sYSjNsiY-00696-00149466-00149691": "this struck the right note, like is this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00697-00149691-00149835": "what I should be saying, did I use the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00698-00149835-00150048": "wrong..' L: 'should there be a full stop there?' G: yeah!", "k06sYSjNsiY-00699-00150048-00150312": "Someone tagged me on Twitter in a thread", "k06sYSjNsiY-00700-00150312-00150501": "about she's sitting on a train as she was", "k06sYSjNsiY-00701-00150501-00150683": "watching a middle-aged woman", "k06sYSjNsiY-00702-00150683-00151035": "composing an entirely emoji text that had", "k06sYSjNsiY-00703-00151035-00151266": "various combinations of happy emoji, you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00704-00151266-00151407": "know like the party one, and the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00705-00151407-00151575": "smiling face, and the heart, and so on and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00706-00151575-00151896": "she composed and composed and deleted", "k06sYSjNsiY-00707-00151896-00152115": "this text several times with different", "k06sYSjNsiY-00708-00152115-00152244": "combinations of emojis because she was", "k06sYSjNsiY-00709-00152244-00152385": "trying to strike the right aesthetic", "k06sYSjNsiY-00710-00152385-00152553": "balance, and I think that if you think of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00711-00152553-00152685": "good writing as writing that is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00712-00152685-00152868": "self-reflexive and accomplishes its", "k06sYSjNsiY-00713-00152868-00153042": "goals I think that people are doing a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00714-00153042-00153204": "lot of that when it comes to texting or", "k06sYSjNsiY-00715-00153204-00153387": "other types of internet and media communication", "k06sYSjNsiY-00716-00153387-00153663": "L: and often it can be hard to figure out", "k06sYSjNsiY-00717-00153663-00153855": "the generation that is using the non", "k06sYSjNsiY-00718-00153855-00154044": "standard forms, and why they're using", "k06sYSjNsiY-00719-00154044-00154197": "them. So I have a really nice example", "k06sYSjNsiY-00720-00154197-00154464": "from my family where I have text", "k06sYSjNsiY-00721-00154464-00154869": "messages from my mid-20s sister and my", "k06sYSjNsiY-00722-00154869-00155220": "late 80s grandfather, and my grandfather", "k06sYSjNsiY-00723-00155220-00155445": "was the one using all the short forms", "k06sYSjNsiY-00724-00155445-00155697": "and half-finished sentences and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00725-00155697-00155916": "really kind of flexible slangy language", "k06sYSjNsiY-00726-00155916-00156258": "because he learned to do telegrams in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00727-00156258-00156417": "the war so he's used to really shortend", "k06sYSjNsiY-00728-00156417-00156627": "forms, and smashing those really", "k06sYSjNsiY-00729-00156627-00156933": "awkward non-smartphone keys is really", "k06sYSjNsiY-00730-00156933-00157101": "hard for him. Whereas my sister uses a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00731-00157101-00157329": "swype keyboard so it's easier for her to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00732-00157329-00157524": "use standard language in that context so", "k06sYSjNsiY-00733-00157524-00157662": "you get the inverse of what people", "k06sYSjNsiY-00734-00157662-00157794": "generally presumes happens", "k06sYSjNsiY-00735-00157794-00158027": "across generations G: mm-hmm and even the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00736-00158027-00158201": "kids saying, well I heard this from David", "k06sYSjNsiY-00737-00158201-00158339": "Crystal, who'd been talking to some high", "k06sYSjNsiY-00738-00158339-00158477": "school kids and they said 'oh we don't", "k06sYSjNsiY-00739-00158477-00158697": "use these textism as any more because", "k06sYSjNsiY-00740-00158697-00158823": "that's what our parents do and that's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00741-00158823-00159116": "not cool!'. Nobody wants to be like their", "k06sYSjNsiY-00742-00159116-00159333": "parents L: yup! So it's driving", "k06sYSjNsiY-00743-00159333-00159638": "standardised language in text messages", "k06sYSjNsiY-00744-00159638-00159987": "G: another way that you can look at writing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00745-00159987-00160205": "quality is in sheer number of words,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00746-00160205-00160482": "because obviously if you write the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00747-00160482-00160698": "most words that is the best. I'm kidding", "k06sYSjNsiY-00748-00160698-00160833": "a little bit here but there's a really", "k06sYSjNsiY-00749-00160833-00161085": "interesting study that looked at this,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00750-00161085-00161315": "Andrea Lunsford and Karen Lunsford they", "k06sYSjNsiY-00751-00161315-00161487": "looked at a longitudinal study of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00752-00161487-00161780": "student writing across the decades and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00753-00161780-00162128": "so they looked at papers from like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00754-00162128-00162287": "American college students,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00755-00162287-00162569": "first-year University students in 1917,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00756-00162569-00163037": "1930, 1986, and 2006 L: cool, what a spread", "k06sYSjNsiY-00757-00163037-00163299": "G: yeah so it's almost a hundred years of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00758-00163299-00163592": "different points in what students in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00759-00163592-00163766": "first-year composition writing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00760-00163766-00163925": "classes are doing, and they found a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00761-00163925-00164105": "couple really interesting things. One is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00762-00164105-00164445": "that they found that the essay writing,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00763-00164445-00164673": "the number of words per essay, has", "k06sYSjNsiY-00764-00164673-00164973": "increased by 10 times L: what?! G: yeah! So in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00765-00164973-00165230": "1917 the students wrote an average of a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00766-00165230-00165450": "hundred and sixty two words per essay", "k06sYSjNsiY-00767-00165450-00165629": "L: that's not an essay that's a paragraph!", "k06sYSjNsiY-00768-00165629-00165933": "G: oh well it was written by hand in like big", "k06sYSjNsiY-00769-00165933-00166100": "fountain pens so I guess it looks like it an essay!", "k06sYSjNsiY-00770-00166100-00166487": "L: yeah yeah, fair enough G: and in 1986", "k06sYSjNsiY-00771-00166487-00166923": "they wrote 422 words right, and in 2006", "k06sYSjNsiY-00772-00166923-00167157": "they wrote over a thousand words L: Wow", "k06sYSjNsiY-00773-00167157-00167315": "G: and so then the number of words", "k06sYSjNsiY-00774-00167315-00167496": "they've written is greatly increased, but", "k06sYSjNsiY-00775-00167496-00167733": "what's interesting is that the number of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00776-00167733-00168000": "errors yeah stayed remarkably constant", "k06sYSjNsiY-00777-00168000-00168294": "over 100 years. So students in 2006", "k06sYSjNsiY-00778-00168294-00168425": "are making the same number of errors,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00779-00168425-00168653": "but they made different errors L: okay,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00780-00168653-00168972": "that kind of makes sense G: so in the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00781-00168972-00169229": "earlier studies the biggest biggest", "k06sYSjNsiY-00782-00169229-00169500": "error was spelling errors, but in 2006", "k06sYSjNsiY-00783-00169500-00169662": "the students aren't making spelling errors", "k06sYSjNsiY-00784-00169662-00169775": "anymore because their computer", "k06sYSjNsiY-00785-00169775-00169952": "processing their papers, and they", "k06sYSjNsiY-00786-00169952-00170085": "have spellcheck now, and so now the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00787-00170085-00170397": "biggest error became wrong word, so now", "k06sYSjNsiY-00788-00170397-00170555": "they're using spellcheck but they pick", "k06sYSjNsiY-00789-00170555-00170697": "the wrong word. Another thing that's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00790-00170697-00171065": "changed is what the writing instructors", "k06sYSjNsiY-00791-00171065-00171183": "prioritise, because", "k06sYSjNsiY-00792-00171183-00171312": "how they decided whether something was", "k06sYSjNsiY-00793-00171312-00171462": "an error, is they had a bunch of", "k06sYSjNsiY-00794-00171462-00171629": "University professors mark the papers,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00795-00171629-00171839": "the professor's decided what to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00796-00171839-00172083": "consider an error and one of the big", "k06sYSjNsiY-00797-00172083-00172314": "errors that showed up in 2006 was", "k06sYSjNsiY-00798-00172314-00172526": "incomplete or missing documentation,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00799-00172526-00172746": "meaning they did the citations wrong - but in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00800-00172746-00172904": "1917 they weren't even expecting", "k06sYSjNsiY-00801-00172904-00173126": "students to write citations! L: so the kids", "k06sYSjNsiY-00802-00173126-00173339": "doing okay is basically the take away", "k06sYSjNsiY-00803-00173339-00173603": "G: the kids are doing okay L: once you become", "k06sYSjNsiY-00804-00173603-00173828": "aware of the fact that a lot of this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00805-00173828-00174132": "change isn't as strongly generational as", "k06sYSjNsiY-00806-00174132-00174459": "we think it is, and it often actually", "k06sYSjNsiY-00807-00174459-00174633": "shows really positive things about", "k06sYSjNsiY-00808-00174633-00175001": "younger people's language use, it seems", "k06sYSjNsiY-00809-00175001-00175304": "like quite a bizarre thing to be so hung", "k06sYSjNsiY-00810-00175304-00175509": "up on complaining about what the kids", "k06sYSjNsiY-00811-00175509-00175782": "are doing these days G: I think language is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00812-00175782-00175959": "a thing you can project a lot of your", "k06sYSjNsiY-00813-00175959-00176169": "other worries on, so any worries", "k06sYSjNsiY-00814-00176169-00176325": "you have about the kids you can project", "k06sYSjNsiY-00815-00176325-00176619": "on their language. So I want to coin", "k06sYSjNsiY-00816-00176619-00176832": "a term, Lauren can I coin a term? L: okay", "k06sYSjNsiY-00817-00176832-00177026": "this is your one term that you can coin", "k06sYSjNsiY-00818-00177026-00177348": "for this episode, go GL so I think there's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00819-00177348-00177689": "a problem when it comes to people", "k06sYSjNsiY-00820-00177689-00177936": "dismissing the ideas contained in an argument", "k06sYSjNsiY-00821-00177936-00178320": "because it's coached in terms that are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00822-00178320-00178596": "not prestigious linguistically, so", "k06sYSjNsiY-00823-00178596-00178782": "saying that 'you said something", "k06sYSjNsiY-00824-00178782-00178962": "and you've used an apostrophe wrong in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00825-00178962-00179114": "it so I can dismiss what you've said", "k06sYSjNsiY-00826-00179114-00179276": "because you used the apostrophe wrong' without", "k06sYSjNsiY-00827-00179276-00179436": "engaging with whether or not the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00828-00179436-00179591": "argument itself is good. Or", "k06sYSjNsiY-00829-00179591-00179799": "conversely 'oh you made this argument and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00830-00179799-00180017": "you said it in eloquent terms so I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00831-00180017-00180251": "should give it more more credence'. And I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00832-00180251-00180411": "think this is a logical fallacy, and I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00833-00180411-00180585": "think this is a logical fallacy that's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00834-00180585-00180755": "kind of like an ad hominem attack where", "k06sYSjNsiY-00835-00180755-00180957": "you say 'oh well you're ugly so your", "k06sYSjNsiY-00836-00180957-00181127": "argument isn't good' I want to call it an", "k06sYSjNsiY-00837-00181127-00181328": "'ad vocum' attack, or an 'ad vocum'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00838-00181328-00181476": "attack, which is you attack", "k06sYSjNsiY-00839-00181476-00181667": "someone's voice instead of their", "k06sYSjNsiY-00840-00181667-00181875": "argument L: I feel like I'm more compelled", "k06sYSjNsiY-00841-00181875-00182061": "by your argument because you've used", "k06sYSjNsiY-00842-00182061-00182325": "this fancy Latinate term that you've made", "k06sYSjNsiY-00843-00182325-00182697": "up G: I needed to take advantage of my", "k06sYSjNsiY-00844-00182697-00182970": "misspent Latin education L: I don't even", "k06sYSjNsiY-00845-00182970-00183087": "know if it's 'vocum' or vocum'", "k06sYSjNsiY-00846-00183087-00183297": "G: this is what I love it's like there's no", "k06sYSjNsiY-00847-00183297-00183513": "right way to say it, it could be 'vocum', it", "k06sYSjNsiY-00848-00183513-00183711": "could be 'vocum', it could be 'vocum', I", "k06sYSjNsiY-00849-00183711-00183876": "don't know! There's like four right", "k06sYSjNsiY-00850-00183876-00184074": "things! If you criticize someone for the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00851-00184074-00184280": "one they pick you're doing it! L: So are you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00852-00184280-00184551": "default required to always", "k06sYSjNsiY-00853-00184551-00184692": "vacillate and choose a different one", "k06sYSjNsiY-00854-00184692-00184830": "each time just to keep people on their", "k06sYSjNsiY-00855-00184830-00185001": "toes? G: yeah! I've been thinking about this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00856-00185001-00185163": "term because  we were planning", "k06sYSjNsiY-00857-00185163-00185301": "this episode and I was thinking 'I think there", "k06sYSjNsiY-00858-00185301-00185475": "should be word for this' and I'm very", "k06sYSjNsiY-00859-00185475-00185619": "inconsistent myself with how I say it", "k06sYSjNsiY-00860-00185619-00185787": "and I think that's great, I think that", "k06sYSjNsiY-00861-00185787-00185988": "there's allowed to be multiple", "k06sYSjNsiY-00862-00185988-00186156": "competing standards. If you want to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00863-00186156-00186324": "engage in an argument in good faith the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00864-00186324-00186618": "way to do that is not to be persnickety", "k06sYSjNsiY-00865-00186618-00186825": "about how someone saying it and say 'what are the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00866-00186825-00187035": "ideas, do they have merits?'.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00867-00187035-00187194": "Someone can be an eloquent orator and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00868-00187194-00187452": "still have terrible terrible ideas, if", "k06sYSjNsiY-00869-00187452-00187635": "you name it as logical fallacy and if", "k06sYSjNsiY-00870-00187635-00187857": "you coach it in the terms of like 'oh it's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00871-00187857-00188160": "Latinate, it's fancy' then maybe that's", "k06sYSjNsiY-00872-00188160-00188334": "something we can borrow, some prestige", "k06sYSjNsiY-00873-00188334-00188541": "from Latin to say 'nobody wants to do a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00874-00188541-00188742": "logical fallacy!' Like this is a thing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00875-00188742-00188856": "that we should recognize in ourselves.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00876-00188856-00189105": "And if you are someone who likes calling", "k06sYSjNsiY-00877-00189105-00189321": "people out on stuff the fun part is by", "k06sYSjNsiY-00878-00189321-00189585": "switching over to being more tolerant", "k06sYSjNsiY-00879-00189585-00189753": "about language you then get to call out", "k06sYSjNsiY-00880-00189753-00189987": "all the people who are being critical", "k06sYSjNsiY-00881-00189987-00190173": "about it instead of the people who are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00882-00190173-00190386": "using apostrophes correctly, so you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00883-00190386-00190548": "still a group of people to get", "k06sYSjNsiY-00884-00190548-00190686": "annoyed at, but you get to feel like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00885-00190686-00190815": "you're contributing to a more positive", "k06sYSjNsiY-00886-00190815-00191028": "cause L: I think it also means that you can", "k06sYSjNsiY-00887-00191028-00191415": "give people more useful feedback on", "k06sYSjNsiY-00888-00191415-00191610": "language use, so instead of saying", "k06sYSjNsiY-00889-00191610-00191904": "'don't use this form' you can say 'in a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00890-00191904-00192156": "formal essay don't do this, you can still", "k06sYSjNsiY-00891-00192156-00192354": "use that in text messages' G: you can", "k06sYSjNsiY-00892-00192354-00192492": "say things like 'the conventions of the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00893-00192492-00192672": "genre are as follows, if you'd like to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00894-00192672-00192798": "not follow the conventions of the genre", "k06sYSjNsiY-00895-00192798-00192942": "that's a decision you can make, but you", "k06sYSjNsiY-00896-00192942-00193035": "should be aware that this is what the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00897-00193035-00193236": "conventions are'. And another takeaway", "k06sYSjNsiY-00898-00193236-00193554": "is if you look at what kids actually do when", "k06sYSjNsiY-00899-00193554-00193791": "they're exposed to fragmented or", "k06sYSjNsiY-00900-00193791-00194001": "incomplete linguistic input, they", "k06sYSjNsiY-00901-00194001-00194250": "actually create full-fledged languages", "k06sYSjNsiY-00902-00194250-00194487": "from kind of bizarre or difficult", "k06sYSjNsiY-00903-00194487-00194682": "linguistic circumstances L: a really famous", "k06sYSjNsiY-00904-00194682-00194846": "example of that that we have is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00905-00194846-00195075": "Nicaraguan sign language, and the fact", "k06sYSjNsiY-00906-00195075-00195273": "that we've taken until episode 7 to talk", "k06sYSjNsiY-00907-00195273-00195438": "about it it's actually pretty impressive", "k06sYSjNsiY-00908-00195438-00195816": "because it's such a great go to anecdote", "k06sYSjNsiY-00909-00195816-00196035": "for linguists, and such an amazing thing", "k06sYSjNsiY-00910-00196035-00196308": "that happened. In the 70s and 80s in", "k06sYSjNsiY-00911-00196308-00196527": "Nicaragua there was a change in policy", "k06sYSjNsiY-00912-00196527-00196644": "that meant that a lot of deaf children", "k06sYSjNsiY-00913-00196644-00196872": "suddenly came together at school instead", "k06sYSjNsiY-00914-00196872-00197103": "of being isolated and using their", "k06sYSjNsiY-00915-00197103-00197304": "own home sign or maybe a little local", "k06sYSjNsiY-00916-00197304-00197589": "village sign language, and they came", "k06sYSjNsiY-00917-00197589-00197769": "together and these children over the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00918-00197769-00197928": "course of a couple of generations", "k06sYSjNsiY-00919-00197928-00198138": "went from all having kind of only a", "k06sYSjNsiY-00920-00198138-00198474": "rudimentary communicative system to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00921-00198474-00198699": "developing what is now considered to be", "k06sYSjNsiY-00922-00198699-00198843": "a fully fledged language, which is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00923-00198843-00199068": "Nicaraguan sign language. And there are", "k06sYSjNsiY-00924-00199068-00199326": "around three thousand users of sign", "k06sYSjNsiY-00925-00199326-00199602": "language now it's got its own", "k06sYSjNsiY-00926-00199602-00199800": "language code, and the great thing is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00927-00199800-00199995": "it's been studied since its birth since", "k06sYSjNsiY-00928-00199995-00200175": "the 1970s there have been people", "k06sYSjNsiY-00929-00200175-00200358": "watching the evolution of this language", "k06sYSjNsiY-00930-00200358-00200619": "and how children can use limited", "k06sYSjNsiY-00931-00200619-00200871": "resources and inputs to create something", "k06sYSjNsiY-00932-00200871-00201105": "really sophisticated G: yeah so it teaches us", "k06sYSjNsiY-00933-00201105-00201249": "a lot about the human and the human", "k06sYSjNsiY-00934-00201249-00201402": "child capacity for language and like", "k06sYSjNsiY-00935-00201402-00201654": "what you can do with that, so if ever we", "k06sYSjNsiY-00936-00201654-00201849": "have disrupted or interrupted", "k06sYSjNsiY-00937-00201849-00201987": "linguistics transmission it's actually", "k06sYSjNsiY-00938-00201987-00202092": "going to be the kids that save us.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00939-00202092-00202224": "They're not going to bring us back to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00940-00202224-00202341": "what we had before but they're going to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00941-00202341-00202491": "make a fully fledged linguistic system", "k06sYSjNsiY-00942-00202491-00202650": "that's capable of complex ideas and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00943-00202650-00202839": "complex thoughts. And this brings us back", "k06sYSjNsiY-00944-00202839-00203082": "to a point from episode one where we", "k06sYSjNsiY-00945-00203082-00203298": "talked about the language of space", "k06sYSjNsiY-00946-00203298-00203703": "L: and our space babies! G: well and how", "k06sYSjNsiY-00947-00203703-00203835": "the American and the Russian", "k06sYSjNsiY-00948-00203835-00204072": "astronauts and cosmonauts use each", "k06sYSjNsiY-00949-00204072-00204282": "other's languages and use this hybrid", "k06sYSjNsiY-00950-00204282-00204498": "English-Russian pidgin to communicate", "k06sYSjNsiY-00951-00204498-00204672": "with each other, but because all the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00952-00204672-00204903": "astronauts so far have been adults this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00953-00204903-00205121": "is kind of an incomplete, fragmented", "k06sYSjNsiY-00954-00205121-00205371": "English-Russian hybrid space pidgin.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00955-00205371-00205689": "However, if when we go to Mars, the", "k06sYSjNsiY-00956-00205689-00205878": "astronauts and the cosmonauts got", "k06sYSjNsiY-00957-00205878-00206096": "together and had some space babies", "k06sYSjNsiY-00958-00206096-00206361": "L: if there were children G: then these space", "k06sYSjNsiY-00959-00206361-00206676": "babies would grow up exposed to space", "k06sYSjNsiY-00960-00206676-00206934": "pidgin and they would turn it into space", "k06sYSjNsiY-00961-00206934-00207156": "creole L: and it would actually develop", "k06sYSjNsiY-00962-00207156-00207375": "more sophisticated grammatical", "k06sYSjNsiY-00963-00207375-00207569": "structures, the children take the input", "k06sYSjNsiY-00964-00207569-00207746": "that they get and turn it into a more", "k06sYSjNsiY-00965-00207746-00208035": "fully fledged linguistic system, so", "k06sYSjNsiY-00966-00208035-00208221": "the kids in space are going to be okay", "k06sYSjNsiY-00967-00208221-00208410": "G: the kids in space are going to be okay,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00968-00208410-00208614": "the kids on earth are going to be okay,", "k06sYSjNsiY-00969-00208614-00208950": "we're all ok, someone needs to write this", "k06sYSjNsiY-00970-00208950-00209198": "story about space babies, I would like to", "k06sYSjNsiY-00971-00209198-00209492": "read it L: I would definitely love to read", "k06sYSjNsiY-00972-00209492-00209742": "about babies in space standardising", "k06sYSjNsiY-00973-00209742-00209985": "English-Russian pidgin into a creole", "k06sYSjNsiY-00974-00209985-00210252": "G: write us about space babies, this is", "k06sYSjNsiY-00975-00210252-00210825": "what I want to see", "k06sYSjNsiY-00976-00210960-00211302": "G: for more Lingthusiasm and links to all", "k06sYSjNsiY-00977-00211302-00211458": "of the things mentioned in this episode", "k06sYSjNsiY-00978-00211458-00211644": "you can go to Lingthusuasm dot com.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00979-00211644-00211842": "You can listen to us on iTunes, google", "k06sYSjNsiY-00980-00211842-00212046": "play music, SoundCloud or wherever else", "k06sYSjNsiY-00981-00212046-00212253": "you get your podcast. You can follow", "k06sYSjNsiY-00982-00212253-00212451": "@Lingthusiasm on Twitter, Facebook and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00983-00212451-00212736": "Tumblr, and you can support this podcast", "k06sYSjNsiY-00984-00212736-00213117": "at patreon.com / lingthusiasm. I can", "k06sYSjNsiY-00985-00213117-00213323": "be found @GretchenAMcC on Twitter", "k06sYSjNsiY-00986-00213323-00213498": "and my blog is All Things Linguistic.com", "k06sYSjNsiY-00987-00213498-00213798": "L: I tweet and blog as Superlinguo.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00988-00213798-00213981": "Lingthusiasm is created and", "k06sYSjNsiY-00989-00213981-00214212": "produced by Gretchen McCulloch and Lauren Gawne.", "k06sYSjNsiY-00990-00214212-00214473": "Our producer is Claire, and our music is by", "k06sYSjNsiY-00991-00214473-00214955": "The Triangles. Stay Lingthusiastic!"}}, {"audio_id": "k08BqxSOhyY", "text": {"k08BqxSOhyY-00000-00000000-00000400": "How to clean the come outside person from coronavirus ?"}}, {"audio_id": "k0lcSwuQcqg", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "k0wangRY8d4", "text": {"k0wangRY8d4-00000-00000000-00000359": "The purpose of this video is to", "k0wangRY8d4-00002-00000360-00000524": "illustrate how we can use the four", "k0wangRY8d4-00004-00000525-00000767": "scales of measurement to collect data to", "k0wangRY8d4-00006-00000768-00001033": "test a hypothesis. What I have here", "k0wangRY8d4-00008-00001034-00001291": "elements of two experiments that we've", "k0wangRY8d4-00010-00001292-00001562": "already been introduced to.  On the Left", "k0wangRY8d4-00012-00001563-00001739": "we have elements of the Bobo Doll", "k0wangRY8d4-00014-00001739-00002032": "experiment by Albert Bandura and on the", "k0wangRY8d4-00016-00002034-00002249": "right we have the video games experiment", "k0wangRY8d4-00018-00002250-00002474": "that was illustrated the \"Correlation is", "k0wangRY8d4-00020-00002475-00002776": "not Causation Part 2\" video.  The", "k0wangRY8d4-00022-00002777-00003010": "characteristics of each experiment are", "k0wangRY8d4-00024-00003011-00003299": "as follows.  The independent variable for", "k0wangRY8d4-00026-00003300-00003688": "the Bobo Doll is the modeled behavior and", "k0wangRY8d4-00028-00003689-00004043": "for the video game research it is type", "k0wangRY8d4-00030-00004044-00004415": "of video game.  The dependent variable for", "k0wangRY8d4-00032-00004416-00004672": "both research scenarios is level of", "k0wangRY8d4-00034-00004673-00004886": "aggression or aggression demonstrated by", "k0wangRY8d4-00036-00004887-00005338": "the children. So the hypothesis for the", "k0wangRY8d4-00038-00005339-00005554": "Bobo doll experiment is that the modeled", "k0wangRY8d4-00040-00005555-00005720": "behavior will have an effect on", "k0wangRY8d4-00042-00005721-00005993": "aggression by the children that observe", "k0wangRY8d4-00044-00005994-00006317": "that behavior.  And for the video games", "k0wangRY8d4-00046-00006318-00006650": "experiment the hypothesis is that video", "k0wangRY8d4-00048-00006651-00006859": "violent video games will have an effect", "k0wangRY8d4-00050-00006861-00007148": "on aggression for children playing that", "k0wangRY8d4-00052-00007148-00007319": "type of video game.", "k0wangRY8d4-00054-00007320-00007585": "Notice that the independent variables in", "k0wangRY8d4-00056-00007586-00007805": "both cases branch off into sub", "k0wangRY8d4-00058-00007806-00008146": "categories or what we refer to as levels", "k0wangRY8d4-00060-00008147-00008378": "or conditions of the independent", "k0wangRY8d4-00062-00008379-00008617": "variable.  For the Bobo Doll experiment", "k0wangRY8d4-00064-00008618-00009017": "the behavior is broken into three", "k0wangRY8d4-00066-00009018-00009442": "categories aggressive, non-aggressive and", "k0wangRY8d4-00068-00009443-00009680": "the control group.  And our job is to", "k0wangRY8d4-00070-00009681-00009989": "determine if the amount of aggression", "k0wangRY8d4-00072-00009990-00010192": "demonstrated by the participants in each", "k0wangRY8d4-00074-00010193-00010487": "of those categories differs.  For the", "k0wangRY8d4-00076-00010488-00010756": "video games experiment the independent", "k0wangRY8d4-00078-00010757-00010970": "variable of the type of video game", "k0wangRY8d4-00080-00010971-00011278": "branches off into two levels or", "k0wangRY8d4-00082-00011279-00011606": "conditions that include a violent video", "k0wangRY8d4-00084-00011607-00011984": "game in a nonviolent video game.  Again,", "k0wangRY8d4-00086-00011985-00012256": "what we want to determine is if the", "k0wangRY8d4-00088-00012257-00012496": "independent variable has an effect on", "k0wangRY8d4-00090-00012497-00012670": "the dependent variable.  And as", "k0wangRY8d4-00092-00012671-00012890": "previously stated, the dependent variable", "k0wangRY8d4-00094-00012891-00013138": "in this example is aggression.", "k0wangRY8d4-00096-00013140-00013603": "But how do we measure aggression?  As", "k0wangRY8d4-00098-00013604-00013835": "previously stated, aggression is a", "k0wangRY8d4-00100-00013836-00014069": "hypothetical construct.  It is something", "k0wangRY8d4-00102-00014069-00014261": "that we cannot touch.", "k0wangRY8d4-00104-00014262-00014447": "It's intangible.  We can't place our", "k0wangRY8d4-00106-00014447-00014747": "fingers on it.  So therefore we have to", "k0wangRY8d4-00108-00014747-00015011": "define it so that we can measure it.  And", "k0wangRY8d4-00110-00015012-00015181": "that process is referred to as", "k0wangRY8d4-00112-00015182-00015511": "operationalizing a variable. We're going to", "k0wangRY8d4-00114-00015512-00015686": "use the four scales of measurement to", "k0wangRY8d4-00116-00015687-00015899": "operationalize this variable of", "k0wangRY8d4-00118-00015900-00016372": "aggression. By definition, nominal data", "k0wangRY8d4-00120-00016373-00016793": "includes named categories.  But they're named", "k0wangRY8d4-00122-00016794-00017050": "categories that cannot be ranked.  So if", "k0wangRY8d4-00124-00017051-00017369": "we want to obtain data that illustrates", "k0wangRY8d4-00126-00017370-00017555": "a level of aggression demonstrated by", "k0wangRY8d4-00128-00017556-00017819": "the children who are observing the modeled", "k0wangRY8d4-00130-00017820-00018011": "behavior or playing the type of video", "k0wangRY8d4-00132-00018012-00018644": "game. We may simply ask, was the child", "k0wangRY8d4-00134-00018645-00019486": "aggressive? And the only responses are", "k0wangRY8d4-00136-00019487-00019775": "\"Yes\" or \"No.\"", "k0wangRY8d4-00138-00019776-00020240": "So again, this data now is illustrated in a", "k0wangRY8d4-00140-00020241-00020480": "nominal format.  It's a named category.", "k0wangRY8d4-00142-00020481-00020747": "Another way that we can obtain data at", "k0wangRY8d4-00144-00020748-00021337": "the nominal level is to identify the", "k0wangRY8d4-00146-00021338-00022466": "type of aggression demonstrated.", "k0wangRY8d4-00148-00022467-00023057": "And we could state that there was None", "k0wangRY8d4-00150-00023058-00023383": "so no aggression or we could say", "k0wangRY8d4-00152-00023384-00024394": "physical, verbal, or both physical and", "k0wangRY8d4-00154-00024395-00025427": "verbal. So again, the children will be", "k0wangRY8d4-00156-00025428-00025664": "categorized based on the type of", "k0wangRY8d4-00158-00025664-00025880": "aggression demonstrated.  So again, here", "k0wangRY8d4-00160-00025881-00026093": "we're defining what aggression is and", "k0wangRY8d4-00162-00026094-00026302": "then we're able to measure it for each", "k0wangRY8d4-00164-00026304-00026549": "individual that it is exposed to these", "k0wangRY8d4-00166-00026550-00026735": "different levels of the independent", "k0wangRY8d4-00168-00026736-00027137": "variable. Now, ordinal data the", "k0wangRY8d4-00170-00027138-00027449": "characteristics of ordinal include", "k0wangRY8d4-00172-00027450-00027635": "the same characteristics as nominal. They", "k0wangRY8d4-00174-00027636-00027833": "can be named categories but the new", "k0wangRY8d4-00176-00027833-00028127": "characteristic is that it is ranked. So the", "k0wangRY8d4-00178-00028127-00028337": "categories can be ranked.  So we could", "k0wangRY8d4-00180-00028338-00028658": "determine the level of aggression for", "k0wangRY8d4-00182-00028658-00029126": "each child and simply say, rate the level", "k0wangRY8d4-00184-00029127-00030392": "of aggression demonstrated by each child", "k0wangRY8d4-00186-00030393-00031283": "on a scale", "k0wangRY8d4-00188-00031283-00031762": "of 1 to 5. 1 is equal to low aggression", "k0wangRY8d4-00190-00031763-00032405": "and 5  is equal to high. Or we could", "k0wangRY8d4-00192-00032406-00033680": "say, rate the level of aggression on a", "k0wangRY8d4-00194-00033681-00034709": "scale of low medium or high.  So again we", "k0wangRY8d4-00196-00034710-00034921": "see that we have named categories and", "k0wangRY8d4-00198-00034922-00035198": "they can be ranked. These numeric values", "k0wangRY8d4-00200-00035199-00035630": "of 1 and 5 are just labels.  They're not the", "k0wangRY8d4-00202-00035631-00035948": "same as the numeric values we would use", "k0wangRY8d4-00204-00035949-00036164": "to count something. So again they're just", "k0wangRY8d4-00206-00036165-00036365": "labels.  You can think of them as a", "k0wangRY8d4-00208-00036366-00036662": "synonym for that named category. So again", "k0wangRY8d4-00210-00036663-00037021": "ordinal data encompasses the same", "k0wangRY8d4-00212-00037022-00037175": "characteristic as nominal, name", "k0wangRY8d4-00214-00037176-00037415": "categories and the new characteristic is", "k0wangRY8d4-00216-00037416-00037568": "that they're named.  So now we have", "k0wangRY8d4-00218-00037569-00037823": "operationalized aggression in these two", "k0wangRY8d4-00220-00037824-00038084": "formats of nominal ordinal data so that", "k0wangRY8d4-00222-00038085-00038351": "we can collect the data to see if there", "k0wangRY8d4-00224-00038352-00038527": "are differences between the condition", "k0wangRY8d4-00226-00038528-00038942": "that we are testing. Next, we have", "k0wangRY8d4-00228-00038943-00039248": "interval data. And by definition", "k0wangRY8d4-00230-00039249-00039545": "interval includes the characteristics of", "k0wangRY8d4-00232-00039546-00039812": "the previous scales of measurement of", "k0wangRY8d4-00234-00039813-00040001": "nominal and ordinal and the new", "k0wangRY8d4-00236-00040002-00040229": "characteristic is that the categories", "k0wangRY8d4-00238-00040230-00040465": "are equally spaced out in between one", "k0wangRY8d4-00240-00040466-00040921": "another.  Now, for our purposes we should", "k0wangRY8d4-00242-00040922-00041192": "recognize that interval and ratio are", "k0wangRY8d4-00244-00041193-00041474": "often combined into one category. And", "k0wangRY8d4-00246-00041475-00041744": "interval scale of measurement exists for", "k0wangRY8d4-00248-00041745-00042200": "very specific quantitative values that", "k0wangRY8d4-00250-00042201-00042524": "include things such as IQ scores or", "k0wangRY8d4-00252-00042525-00042712": "other standardized test scores such as", "k0wangRY8d4-00254-00042713-00043133": "the SAT, temperature and values above and", "k0wangRY8d4-00256-00043134-00043364": "below the mean. There aren't a lot of", "k0wangRY8d4-00258-00043365-00043682": "examples of interval data but it is", "k0wangRY8d4-00260-00043683-00043898": "quantitative so it's different than", "k0wangRY8d4-00262-00043899-00044061": "nominal and ordinal.", "k0wangRY8d4-00264-00044062-00044376": "Incidentally, nominal order ordinal are", "k0wangRY8d4-00266-00044377-00044730": "both qualitative data points. Whereas", "k0wangRY8d4-00268-00044731-00045062": "interval and ratio or quantitative. But", "k0wangRY8d4-00270-00045063-00045339": "this interval scale measurement exists", "k0wangRY8d4-00272-00045340-00045585": "for those quantitative values that don't", "k0wangRY8d4-00274-00045586-00045887": "have a meaningful 0, which is part of the", "k0wangRY8d4-00276-00045888-00046101": "the definition for ratio scale of", "k0wangRY8d4-00278-00046102-00046329": "measurement.  So I'm going to skip over", "k0wangRY8d4-00280-00046330-00046565": "interval for just a moment and move", "k0wangRY8d4-00282-00046566-00046752": "onto ratio.  And I think it will become", "k0wangRY8d4-00284-00046753-00047001": "evident why I'm doing that in just a", "k0wangRY8d4-00286-00047002-00047087": "moment.", "k0wangRY8d4-00288-00047088-00047343": "So again, by definition a ratio scale of", "k0wangRY8d4-00290-00047344-00047577": "measurement includes, encompasses the", "k0wangRY8d4-00292-00047578-00047796": "characteristics of all previous scales", "k0wangRY8d4-00294-00047797-00047889": "of measurement but the new", "k0wangRY8d4-00296-00047890-00048065": "characteristic is that it has a meaning-", "k0wangRY8d4-00298-00048066-00048456": "full 0. And the meaningful 0 enables us", "k0wangRY8d4-00300-00048457-00048789": "to make ratio comparisons, meaning that", "k0wangRY8d4-00302-00048790-00049020": "we can say one child demonstrated twice", "k0wangRY8d4-00304-00049021-00049308": "as much aggression as another. So to", "k0wangRY8d4-00306-00049309-00050136": "obtain this data we may say, record the", "k0wangRY8d4-00308-00050137-00051685": "number of aggressive acts demonstrated", "k0wangRY8d4-00310-00051686-00052338": "by each child. And again, the key word is", "k0wangRY8d4-00312-00052339-00052753": "numbe.  So we recognize that this number", "k0wangRY8d4-00314-00052754-00052999": "line that were counting or were using to", "k0wangRY8d4-00316-00053000-00053263": "count would begin at zero.  So someone can", "k0wangRY8d4-00318-00053264-00053674": "demonstrate 0 acts of aggression 1, 2, 3, 4 so", "k0wangRY8d4-00320-00053675-00053962": "on so forth.  But we couldn't have a", "k0wangRY8d4-00322-00053963-00054069": "negative number.", "k0wangRY8d4-00324-00054070-00054276": "Somebody couldn't demonstrate negative", "k0wangRY8d4-00326-00054277-00054478": "2 acts of aggression.  So that's what we", "k0wangRY8d4-00328-00054479-00054859": "mean by a meaningful 0. It begins at 0 and", "k0wangRY8d4-00330-00054860-00055312": "increases in the positive direction.  So", "k0wangRY8d4-00332-00055313-00055660": "if we calculate or collect the data for", "k0wangRY8d4-00334-00055661-00055791": "each child", "k0wangRY8d4-00336-00055792-00055944": "this will also enable us to calculate", "k0wangRY8d4-00338-00055945-00056331": "the mean of each category or each condition", "k0wangRY8d4-00340-00056332-00056613": "that we're testing.  And just briefly, the", "k0wangRY8d4-00342-00056614-00056890": "mean is equal to Sigma which means the", "k0wangRY8d4-00344-00056891-00057294": "sum of \"X\" over our sample size. So for", "k0wangRY8d4-00346-00057295-00057484": "each condition we can calculate the mean", "k0wangRY8d4-00348-00057485-00057754": "once we've generated a ratio scale", "k0wangRY8d4-00350-00057754-00057942": "measurement for each child or the number", "k0wangRY8d4-00352-00057944-00058153": "of aggressive acts demonstrated by each", "k0wangRY8d4-00354-00058154-00058419": "child in each condition.", "k0wangRY8d4-00356-00058420-00058680": "Let's say for example participant \"B\"", "k0wangRY8d4-00358-00058682-00059128": "demonstrated, their \"X\" value again, \"X\" is", "k0wangRY8d4-00360-00059129-00059304": "just a variable it's a placeholder for", "k0wangRY8d4-00362-00059305-00059532": "number of aggressive acts demonstrated.", "k0wangRY8d4-00364-00059533-00060097": "And their \"X\" value is equal to 5.  And", "k0wangRY8d4-00366-00060098-00060318": "let's just say and i'm making this value", "k0wangRY8d4-00368-00060319-00060685": "up that the average for the nonviolent", "k0wangRY8d4-00370-00060686-00061041": "video game condition was equal to 7.", "k0wangRY8d4-00372-00061042-00061368": "So we can use this data to now convert", "k0wangRY8d4-00374-00061369-00061534": "it into an interval scale of measurement.", "k0wangRY8d4-00376-00061535-00062434": "So for interval we may say, identify the", "k0wangRY8d4-00378-00062435-00063219": "number of aggressive acts", "k0wangRY8d4-00380-00063220-00064188": "above or below the mean. So the mean", "k0wangRY8d4-00382-00064189-00064428": "serves as an illustration of the norm.", "k0wangRY8d4-00384-00064429-00064803": "How did the group perform collectively.", "k0wangRY8d4-00386-00064804-00065070": "And it's one summary statistic to", "k0wangRY8d4-00388-00065071-00065259": "represent everyone in in that condition.", "k0wangRY8d4-00390-00065260-00065649": "So in the case of participant \"B\" they", "k0wangRY8d4-00392-00065650-00065979": "indicated or we recorded that they", "k0wangRY8d4-00394-00065980-00066228": "demonstrated 5 acts of aggression.", "k0wangRY8d4-00396-00066229-00066453": "How is that different from the average", "k0wangRY8d4-00398-00066454-00066723": "of 7. Well, we would express it as a", "k0wangRY8d4-00400-00066724-00067539": "positive 2 or two points above the mean.", "k0wangRY8d4-00402-00067540-00067851": "So it's helpful information because it", "k0wangRY8d4-00404-00067852-00068061": "gives us a sense of how that individual", "k0wangRY8d4-00406-00068062-00068355": "differs from from the norm or the", "k0wangRY8d4-00408-00068356-00068682": "average for that particular condition.", "k0wangRY8d4-00410-00068683-00068958": "But it's not as very helpful in terms of", "k0wangRY8d4-00412-00068959-00069219": "comparing the conditions.  It's helpful at", "k0wangRY8d4-00414-00069220-00069354": "the individual level but not", "k0wangRY8d4-00416-00069355-00069669": "collectively.  So the ratio scale of", "k0wangRY8d4-00418-00069670-00069966": "measurement is actually the most useful", "k0wangRY8d4-00420-00069967-00070458": "and because its quantitative it enables us", "k0wangRY8d4-00422-00070459-00070647": "to calculate things like the mean and", "k0wangRY8d4-00424-00070648-00070893": "standard deviation as well as other", "k0wangRY8d4-00426-00070894-00071106": "statistical techniques that we will learn", "k0wangRY8d4-00428-00071107-00071454": "about throughout the chapter.  But in some", "k0wangRY8d4-00430-00071455-00071658": "cases we may have variables that cannot", "k0wangRY8d4-00432-00071659-00071931": "be expressed numericaly.  For example, if", "k0wangRY8d4-00434-00071932-00072159": "I were to collect information or your", "k0wangRY8d4-00436-00072160-00072312": "religious affiliation,", "k0wangRY8d4-00438-00072313-00072624": "those are named categories and they do", "k0wangRY8d4-00440-00072625-00072852": "not encompass a numeric value so it", "k0wangRY8d4-00442-00072853-00073083": "would be prohibited from converting it into", "k0wangRY8d4-00444-00073084-00073404": "racial scale of measurement.  Now, what I'd", "k0wangRY8d4-00446-00073405-00073611": "like to do is show you how we can", "k0wangRY8d4-00448-00073612-00073764": "consider the four scales of measurement", "k0wangRY8d4-00450-00073765-00074139": "and determine if that group of values is", "k0wangRY8d4-00452-00074140-00074433": "representative of nominal, ordinal,", "k0wangRY8d4-00454-00074434-00074913": "interval or ratio.  So if we look at these", "k0wangRY8d4-00456-00074914-00075258": "categories.  As i just mentioned, as we", "k0wangRY8d4-00458-00075259-00075528": "move our way down we get more precise,", "k0wangRY8d4-00460-00075529-00075735": "specific information. At the nominal", "k0wangRY8d4-00462-00075736-00075896": "level notice", "k0wangRY8d4-00464-00075897-00076117": "and when we had posed the question was", "k0wangRY8d4-00466-00076118-00076318": "the child aggressive or not aggressive", "k0wangRY8d4-00468-00076319-00076535": "somebody could fall into the category of", "k0wangRY8d4-00470-00076536-00076754": "yes and only demonstrate one act of", "k0wangRY8d4-00472-00076755-00077003": "aggression but that category could also", "k0wangRY8d4-00474-00077004-00077425": "encompass individuals that engaged in 5,", "k0wangRY8d4-00476-00077426-00077705": "10, 15, 20 acts of aggression", "k0wangRY8d4-00478-00077706-00078019": "So as we move our way down and let me", "k0wangRY8d4-00480-00078020-00078380": "illustrate that for you.", "k0wangRY8d4-00482-00078381-00078688": "So again this group may campus or in an", "k0wangRY8d4-00484-00078689-00078896": "individual is placee into the \"YES\" category", "k0wangRY8d4-00486-00078897-00079079": "but we don't really know how aggressive", "k0wangRY8d4-00488-00079080-00079274": "they were. When we move down to the", "k0wangRY8d4-00490-00079275-00079513": "ordinal level now that person that was", "k0wangRY8d4-00492-00079514-00079772": "categorized as \"Yes\" can be better defined", "k0wangRY8d4-00494-00079773-00080182": "by either a value of 1 through 5.  Or", "k0wangRY8d4-00496-00080183-00080380": "in these categories of low, medium, and", "k0wangRY8d4-00498-00080381-00080632": "high.  So we have a better sense of how", "k0wangRY8d4-00500-00080633-00080984": "each individual performed or the level", "k0wangRY8d4-00502-00080985-00081191": "of aggression of each individual per", "k0wangRY8d4-00504-00081192-00081521": "category. So the nominal is kind of vague.", "k0wangRY8d4-00506-00081522-00081799": "It doesn't give us a lot of specific or", "k0wangRY8d4-00508-00081800-00081998": "precise information.  As we move our way", "k0wangRY8d4-00510-00081999-00082255": "down to ordinal, then we have more", "k0wangRY8d4-00512-00082256-00082442": "information. We're able to separate those", "k0wangRY8d4-00514-00082443-00082910": "\"Yes\" individuals out more specifically", "k0wangRY8d4-00516-00082911-00083324": "and more accurately. Similarly, when we", "k0wangRY8d4-00518-00083325-00083425": "get to the interval and ratio", "k0wangRY8d4-00520-00083426-00083680": "specifically with the ratio we know", "k0wangRY8d4-00522-00083681-00083950": "exactly how aggressive they were.  And", "k0wangRY8d4-00524-00083951-00084110": "then the ratio will demonstrate in", "k0wangRY8d4-00526-00084111-00084317": "relation to the mean where those", "k0wangRY8d4-00528-00084318-00084574": "individuals reside.", "k0wangRY8d4-00530-00084575-00084767": "So again, as we move from nominal to", "k0wangRY8d4-00532-00084768-00084959": "ordinal, interval, ratio we're getting more", "k0wangRY8d4-00534-00084960-00085454": "precise, specific information. So one", "k0wangRY8d4-00536-00085455-00085622": "thing that I'd like you to do is", "k0wangRY8d4-00538-00085623-00085813": "recognize it if we take the first letter", "k0wangRY8d4-00540-00085814-00086557": "of each scale of measurement we can", "k0wangRY8d4-00542-00086558-00087122": "create this acronym \"NOIR\" excuse me \"NOIR\"", "k0wangRY8d4-00544-00087123-00087434": "and that will hopefully help you", "k0wangRY8d4-00546-00087435-00087566": "remember the scales of measurement", "k0wangRY8d4-00548-00087567-00087904": "nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio.  Now,", "k0wangRY8d4-00550-00087905-00088174": "the question I'd like to pose is, what do", "k0wangRY8d4-00552-00088175-00088346": "you think this collection of words", "k0wangRY8d4-00554-00088347-00088630": "represents? Is it an example of nominal,", "k0wangRY8d4-00556-00088631-00088719": "ordinal,", "k0wangRY8d4-00558-00088720-00089007": "interval, or ratio? To help us answer that", "k0wangRY8d4-00560-00089008-00089223": "question we can consider interval and", "k0wangRY8d4-00562-00089224-00089497": "ratio. As I indicated before, this an", "k0wangRY8d4-00564-00089498-00089803": "example of quantitative data, whereas", "k0wangRY8d4-00566-00089804-00090219": "nominal and ordinal are qualitative. So", "k0wangRY8d4-00568-00090220-00090519": "quantitative, meaning we're working with", "k0wangRY8d4-00570-00090520-00090616": "numbers.", "k0wangRY8d4-00572-00090617-00090804": "These are word categories so we would", "k0wangRY8d4-00574-00090805-00090999": "conclude that they're not an", "k0wangRY8d4-00576-00091000-00091281": "illustration of interval or ratio.", "k0wangRY8d4-00578-00091282-00091605": "Between nominal ordinal, we would ask", "k0wangRY8d4-00580-00091606-00091836": "ourselves, are these named categories?", "k0wangRY8d4-00582-00091837-00091978": "We've already identified that they are.", "k0wangRY8d4-00584-00091979-00092290": "Are they ranked? And i would argue that", "k0wangRY8d4-00586-00092291-00092493": "they are because as I just mentioned as", "k0wangRY8d4-00588-00092494-00092665": "we move from nominal all the way down to", "k0wangRY8d4-00590-00092666-00092901": "ratio we get more and more specific or", "k0wangRY8d4-00592-00092902-00093201": "precise information.  So I would say that", "k0wangRY8d4-00594-00093202-00093438": "the scales of measurement collectively", "k0wangRY8d4-00596-00093439-00094003": "are an illustration of ordinal data. And", "k0wangRY8d4-00598-00094004-00094266": "next I'd like to illustrate how we can", "k0wangRY8d4-00600-00094267-00094416": "difference between discrete and", "k0wangRY8d4-00602-00094417-00094666": "continuous variables.  By definition a", "k0wangRY8d4-00604-00094667-00094887": "discrete variable is a value that can be", "k0wangRY8d4-00606-00094888-00095400": "expressed in categories or named values.", "k0wangRY8d4-00608-00095401-00095874": "It could be numeric but primarily we're", "k0wangRY8d4-00610-00095875-00096348": "looking at categorical information.  So if", "k0wangRY8d4-00612-00096349-00096591": "we take the nominal example of \"Yes\" and", "k0wangRY8d4-00614-00096592-00096951": "\"No\" it is not quantitative. So we", "k0wangRY8d4-00616-00096952-00097198": "immediately know that it's a discrete", "k0wangRY8d4-00618-00097199-00097840": "variable. By contrast, a continuous", "k0wangRY8d4-00620-00097841-00098118": "variable requires that the value be", "k0wangRY8d4-00622-00098119-00098391": "quantitative, numeric and that it can be", "k0wangRY8d4-00624-00098392-00098698": "broken into smaller portions or it can", "k0wangRY8d4-00626-00098699-00098994": "be expressed as a fraction. So given the", "k0wangRY8d4-00628-00098995-00099166": "fact that the nominal scale of", "k0wangRY8d4-00630-00099167-00099411": "measurement is a word category it could", "k0wangRY8d4-00632-00099412-00099807": "not be continuous, so it's discrete.  Now,", "k0wangRY8d4-00634-00099808-00100141": "ordinal data we have low, medium, high or", "k0wangRY8d4-00636-00100142-00100431": "low to high represented by these values", "k0wangRY8d4-00638-00100432-00100869": "of 1 to 5.  Again the 1 to 5 is can be seen as", "k0wangRY8d4-00640-00100870-00101301": "quantitative but it's not inclusive of a", "k0wangRY8d4-00642-00101302-00101603": "meaningful 0. And", "k0wangRY8d4-00644-00101604-00101938": "we couldn't express those numbers as a", "k0wangRY8d4-00646-00101939-00102134": "fraction or decimal.  We wouldn't have a", "k0wangRY8d4-00648-00102135-00102551": "category of 1.5 or 1.25. Therefore,", "k0wangRY8d4-00650-00102552-00102703": "we recognize that again this is", "k0wangRY8d4-00652-00102704-00102998": "qualitative data and so this would also", "k0wangRY8d4-00654-00102999-00103630": "be an example of a discrete variable.", "k0wangRY8d4-00656-00103631-00103909": "For the interval and ratio again, we're going", "k0wangRY8d4-00658-00103910-00104198": "to identify if it's discrete or continuous. I", "k0wangRY8d4-00660-00104199-00104399": "indicated the interval and ratio are", "k0wangRY8d4-00662-00104400-00104723": "quantitative so it could be discrete or", "k0wangRY8d4-00664-00104724-00105032": "could be continuous.  To distinguish", "k0wangRY8d4-00666-00105033-00105184": "between the two we would ask ourselves,", "k0wangRY8d4-00668-00105185-00105391": "can these values be expressed as a", "k0wangRY8d4-00670-00105392-00105709": "proportion, decimal or fraction?  So when we", "k0wangRY8d4-00672-00105710-00106108": "express the distance from the mean in", "k0wangRY8d4-00674-00106109-00106411": "how many points above or below that", "k0wangRY8d4-00676-00106413-00106607": "would be a whole number. And the reason", "k0wangRY8d4-00678-00106608-00106790": "for that is because aggression couldn't", "k0wangRY8d4-00680-00106791-00107029": "be expressed as a fraction.  We couldn't", "k0wangRY8d4-00682-00107030-00107420": "say that a child engaged in 2.25 acts of", "k0wangRY8d4-00684-00107421-00107903": "aggression or negative 1.5 acts of", "k0wangRY8d4-00686-00107904-00108200": "aggression below the mean.  So because", "k0wangRY8d4-00688-00108201-00108433": "it's a whole number, this is considered", "k0wangRY8d4-00690-00108434-00108914": "discrete.  And finally, similarly, with the", "k0wangRY8d4-00692-00108915-00109111": "ratio it iss also discrete.  Even though its", "k0wangRY8d4-00694-00109113-00109390": "quantitative, it's a whole number.  It cannot", "k0wangRY8d4-00696-00109391-00109553": "be expressed as a fraction or decimal.", "k0wangRY8d4-00698-00109554-00109877": "And I've previously give an example of", "k0wangRY8d4-00700-00109878-00110236": "when a quantitative values such as", "k0wangRY8d4-00702-00110238-00110485": "number of children is considered", "k0wangRY8d4-00704-00110486-00110803": "discrete but if we express that value as", "k0wangRY8d4-00706-00110804-00111016": "an average than it's an example of a", "k0wangRY8d4-00708-00111017-00111272": "continuous variable. Other examples of", "k0wangRY8d4-00710-00111273-00111478": "continuous variables include things such", "k0wangRY8d4-00712-00111479-00112141": "as time, money, height, weight, money again", "k0wangRY8d4-00714-00112142-00112528": "the electronic illustration of money can", "k0wangRY8d4-00716-00112529-00112844": "be infinitely reported in smaller and", "k0wangRY8d4-00718-00112845-00113260": "smaller portions. So now we have a sense", "k0wangRY8d4-00720-00113261-00113404": "of being able to differentiate between", "k0wangRY8d4-00722-00113405-00113890": "discrete and continuous variables.  And", "k0wangRY8d4-00724-00113891-00114128": "that concludes the demonstration of how", "k0wangRY8d4-00726-00114129-00114361": "we can take a hypothetical construct and", "k0wangRY8d4-00728-00114363-00114516": "use the four scales of measurement", "k0wangRY8d4-00730-00114517-00115061": "to measure and define that variable", "k0wangRY8d4-00732-00115063-00115755": "so that we can test a hypothesis."}}, {"audio_id": "k1ziDHwB7qu", "text": {"k1ziDHwB7qu-00000-00000016-00000520": "Let's analyze how this prototype works. It shows a message when you start the game", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00001-00000520-00000896": "and there is an option to make that message not appear again,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00002-00000896-00001392": "when you check this box and pres OK, the message will not appear in the next session.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00003-00001392-00001616": "In the corner I leave the link where you can download this prototype.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00004-00001672-00002184": "Son let's start with the canvas, here I have two windows, one is the start message", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00005-00002264-00002768": "and the other window is the menu. The only interactive elements are this checkbox here,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00006-00002768-00003392": "it is this object here, then the ok button of the window, this GameObject and finally this button", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00007-00003392-00003911": "that belongs to the main menu and that allows the user to restore the defaults, this one here.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00008-00003911-00004480": "The rest of the elements are all just decoration. So these interactive elements are going to operate", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00009-00004480-00005168": "on this script, it's called MenuScript and it's assigned to this object, UI-Scripts, here it is.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00010-00005264-00005736": "In the script we have two references for the windows, the start message and the menu,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00011-00005736-00006384": "this allows us to turn them on and off whenever we want. We also have a boolean", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00012-00006384-00006823": "that tells us if we are going to show the start message and this string is a", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00013-00006823-00007448": "name to save the information of this boolean. Let's begin analyzing the functions that are", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00014-00007448-00007920": "going to execute the elements, this first function is the one that is going to execute the Toggle,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00015-00007992-00008512": "in that element we have the On Value Changed event defined, in which I placed the object that", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00016-00008512-00009048": "has the script assigned and then I selected this function but with dynamic parameter,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00017-00009048-00009640": "so when we check the box it sends as True to the function and when we uncheck it sends False.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00018-00009640-00010120": "I explain this because we also have the static function, here, in this case we would have to mark", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00019-00010120-00010520": "the option that we want to send to the function. But we are going to use the dynamic function.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00020-00010520-00011184": "Then this function is executed by the ok button from the start window, here we are seeing it,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00021-00011184-00011704": "in the OnClick event I also drag this object with the script and then select that function.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00022-00011816-00012296": "And this function is going to be called by the restore button, here we can see that.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00023-00012424-00013104": "And here in start we decide if the start window has to be shown or not. Notice that I initialize", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00024-00013104-00013696": "this boolean variable reading an integer value from memory, here I'm using the GetInt function", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00025-00013696-00014319": "from PlayerPrefs, this is the name of the data I want to retrieve and in case there is no data,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00026-00014319-00014840": "because it's the first time the game is started, I make the function return 1.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00027-00014840-00015400": "As PlayerPrefs doesn't have a function to save booleans, you can save a 0 in case of false and", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00028-00015400-00016096": "a 1 in case of true, so with this we recover an integer value, a 0 or a 1, we have to convert", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00029-00016096-00016664": "that value to a boolean and we can do it comparing it with the value 1, that is, if the memory value", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00030-00016664-00017256": "gives 1 as result, all this instruction is going to be equal to true, because one is equal to one,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00031-00017256-00017808": "if this gives 0 all this is going to be false, because 0 is different from 1.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00032-00017808-00018248": "Finally I activate or deactivate the windows depending on the boolean variable,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00033-00018248-00018792": "if the start message must be shown I activate the message and deactivate the menu, if the message", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00034-00018792-00019288": "must not be shown I do the opposite, we can summarize all this with these two instructions.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00035-00019344-00019920": "When interacting with the Toggle, this function will be executed, with true value if the box is", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00036-00019920-00020512": "checked and with false if it doesn’t, I invert that value and assign it to this variable.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00037-00020512-00020960": "The reason I'm inverting the value is simply because of the names I chose for the variables,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00038-00020960-00021456": "this variable is called “showStartMessage”, if it is true it means that we have to show", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00039-00021456-00022000": "it, but this box instead, when true means that we should not show the message again,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00040-00022000-00022280": "then to maintain consistency I invert the variable.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00041-00022360-00023016": "Let's analyze the function that executes this button, here the first thing I do is ask for the", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00042-00023016-00023544": "status of this variable, if it is false, state in which the variable would be if we check this box,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00043-00023704-00024304": "here what I do is save in memory the zero value under this name, something that then we will", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00044-00024304-00024832": "interpret as false and then simply disable the message window and activate the menu window.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00045-00024928-00025376": "Finally the function that executes the button to restore the values, an alternative is to delete", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00046-00025376-00025944": "all the information stored in PlayerPrefs, but we could delete information that we do not want", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00047-00025944-00026527": "to delete. The other alternative is to delete a specific key that is saved in PlayerPrefs,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00048-00026527-00027112": "simply with the name, here we execute the DeleteKey function and send the name of the key", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00049-00027112-00027664": "we want to delete as parameter, then the next time that the game is started, when we execute this", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00050-00027664-00028232": "function there will not be information saved under this name and it will be initialized with one,", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00051-00028232-00028576": "that is to say as if it was the first time that the game is executed.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00052-00028656-00029000": "That would be all about this prototype, I hope you liked it. Remember you can download", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00053-00029000-00029464": "the unity package and here you have another nice video and a playlist with more solutions.", "k1ziDHwB7qu-00054-00029464-00030120": "Subscribe! and see you next time!"}}, {"audio_id": "k1J_p4gKKSE", "text": {"k1J_p4gKKSE-00000-00001394-00001494": "Guys, I lost one subscriber.", "k1J_p4gKKSE-00001-00001494-00001594": "I went from 406 in the video to now going down to 405.", "k1J_p4gKKSE-00002-00001594-00001694": "I know, this is a little bit weird, but this is not good.", "k1J_p4gKKSE-00003-00001694-00001694": "You know..."}}, {"audio_id": "k1XUn7z3yru", "text": {"k1XUn7z3yru-00000-00000288-00000712": "i've got a special karen for you today, one of those shiny Pokemon. this is the", "k1XUn7z3yru-00001-00000712-00001072": "victoria's secret karen. oh god no it's cute", "k1XUn7z3yru-00002-00001488-00001816": "if you've been watching my videos you would know that i love having things", "k1XUn7z3yru-00003-00001816-00002304": "that most people don't have, like the rare golden creeper, or the super rare spongebob,", "k1XUn7z3yru-00004-00002304-00002664": "or the golden diamond i found. there can't be anything else brent wants to", "k1XUn7z3yru-00005-00002664-00003360": "find when you've always wanted to wake up to crystal blue waters,", "k1XUn7z3yru-00006-00003424-00004040": "a harbour front matters. when a customer tries getting you fired, you know that's the ultimate", "k1XUn7z3yru-00007-00004040-00004504": "sign of disrespect. but when a co-worker tries getting you fired at your own store,", "k1XUn7z3yru-00008-00004504-00005024": "i don't think there's another even remotely close sign of disrespect that i could imagine on this", "k1XUn7z3yru-00009-00005024-00005336": "planet earth, but before we discuss, if you're not subscribed to the channel already, please…", "k1XUn7z3yru-00010-00005576-00006200": "i am everywhere on youtube if you found my channel it was most likely through one of my comments,", "k1XUn7z3yru-00011-00006200-00006600": "and if so, welcome to my channel. now in today's video, i'm going to be…", "k1XUn7z3yru-00012-00006840-00007184": "hello everyone, this is your daily dose of internet.", "k1XUn7z3yru-00013-00012064-00012584": "texting random numbers. hey stranger, i need your help with something. i made a video for the girl", "k1XUn7z3yru-00014-00012584-00013096": "of my dreams, Mary. can i send it to you for some feedback. sure stranger, i'd love to help.", "k1XUn7z3yru-00015-00013304-00014128": "you what is the best way to mine in minecraft? with the new changes to terrain generation in", "k1XUn7z3yru-00016-00014128-00014784": "minecraft 1.18 the caves and cliffs update, what is the new best way to find diamonds in game?", "k1XUn7z3yru-00017-00014840-00015200": "is it basic strip mining? diagonal mining?", "k1XUn7z3yru-00018-00015200-00015584": "cave?", "k1XUn7z3yru-00019-00016680-00017176": "i just realized i've had hostile mob creatures turned off in the sound options for like an hour.", "k1XUn7z3yru-00020-00017176-00017848": "that's not what you wanna that's not what you want. not in hardcore. the whole image that i had", "k1XUn7z3yru-00021-00017848-00018504": "in my head was that you had been locking eyes with someone the whole night at a crowded ass party,", "k1XUn7z3yru-00022-00018560-00019016": "and uh you're taking a breather, and uh they happen to see you outside, and you guys meet", "k1XUn7z3yru-00023-00019016-00019608": "for the first time, even though… hello friends it's me, and today we're gonna be watching a true", "k1XUn7z3yru-00024-00019608-00020152": "story animation about a genius whose mom is an idiot. let's watch. and i was in the first grade", "k1XUn7z3yru-00025-00020152-00020656": "and after i was done doing the task miss janus gave us i started reading a book the teacher", "k1XUn7z3yru-00026-00020976-00021448": "mother nature is the world's best food maker with countless fruits vegetables", "k1XUn7z3yru-00027-00021448-00021984": "and other goodies for all of us to enjoy. here are the top 15 most tasty foods of nate…", "k1XUn7z3yru-00028-00022144-00022600": "hello. i'm happy x toy cat, and did you know that if you make a creeper farm", "k1XUn7z3yru-00029-00022600-00022976": "out here in a mountain biome, then as well as getting creepers you might accidentally", "k1XUn7z3yru-00030-00022976-00023984": "end up with some goats in there? i didn't know that, and apparently i have to work out how…", "k1XUn7z3yru-00031-00024736-00025320": "in a land that knows a thing or two about tsunamis, corona's delta variant has brought", "k1XUn7z3yru-00032-00025320-00025968": "a killer wave. all, right guys, so we're back in fnf with the bob week because…"}}, {"audio_id": "k2lpTSijm9o", "text": {"k2lpTSijm9o-00000-00004623-00004723": "Welcome", "k2lpTSijm9o-00004-00014161-00014211": "Click SUBSCRIBE", "k2lpTSijm9o-00005-00014211-00014261": "THANKS"}}, {"audio_id": "k2IL8qeKC-E", "text": {"k2IL8qeKC-E-00000-00000310-00000488": "I'm spinning around!!", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00001-00000496-00000606": "Yeeess!!!", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00002-00000676-00001056": "Anton has a rare disease.", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00003-00001217-00001618": "He is a very special boy...", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00004-00001650-00001871": "but he doesn't know it yet!", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00005-00002081-00002319": "Why don't we explain it to him together...", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00006-00002326-00002455": "with a little tale...", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00007-00002462-00002588": "named...", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00008-00002595-00003336": "\"Anton feels good because he feels like it\"", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00009-00003821-00004036": "I'm going to puke", "k2IL8qeKC-E-00010-00004042-00004273": "Book your illustrated tale at libros.com"}}, {"audio_id": "k3400cl3yIy", "text": {"k3400cl3yIy-00000-00000000-00000500": "Now church growth and development is a field of study that has actually", "k3400cl3yIy-00001-00000500-00001000": "produced a lot of theories, a lot of books, seminars on the subject, like this", "k3400cl3yIy-00002-00001000-00001200": "one here is a seminar on church growth.", "k3400cl3yIy-00003-00001200-00001700": "Perhaps the difference is this one is squarely based on very specific types,", "k3400cl3yIy-00004-00001700-00002100": "not types, but very specific scriptures that deal with the", "k3400cl3yIy-00005-00002100-00002600": "growth of the church. But nevertheless it's a big field, a lot of books come out every year about church", "k3400cl3yIy-00006-00002600-00002900": "growth. And no wonder.", "k3400cl3yIy-00007-00002900-00003400": "No wonder that church growth books and seminars are a", "k3400cl3yIy-00008-00003414-00003784": "growing industry. With less and less people attending services", "k3400cl3yIy-00009-00003784-00004200": "a more secular society,", "k3400cl3yIy-00010-00004200-00004700": "churches are in decline not just churches of Christ are not growing the way they", "k3400cl3yIy-00011-00004700-00005100": "should, or in decline, but all groups, all religious groups, their", "k3400cl3yIy-00012-00005100-00005600": "churches are in decline and they're searching for ways to not only", "k3400cl3yIy-00013-00005600-00006100": "win souls or new converts but also to maintain and", "k3400cl3yIy-00014-00006100-00006595": "motivate existing members so \"church growth stuff\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00015-00006595-00006900": "is a growth industry in itself.", "k3400cl3yIy-00016-00006900-00007400": "But a lot of what has been written comes from ministers of large, what we call,", "k3400cl3yIy-00017-00007400-00007800": "\"mega churches\" who have packaged their various", "k3400cl3yIy-00018-00007800-00008300": "growth formulas into books and seminars which propose to help churches", "k3400cl3yIy-00019-00008300-00008900": "reproduce in their own congregation  the success that the mega churches have had.", "k3400cl3yIy-00020-00008900-00009400": "So you have a mega church and they say this is our system, this is how we've done it. And so on and so forth. And", "k3400cl3yIy-00021-00009400-00009800": "here's 60 lessons in a book and tape and so on and so forth.", "k3400cl3yIy-00022-00009800-00010300": "And if you do what we do, if you take the approach we take, then you'll have the", "k3400cl3yIy-00023-00010300-00010900": "success that we had. Now the problem with this", "k3400cl3yIy-00024-00010900-00011400": "is that research has shown that trying to reproduce a growth model by", "k3400cl3yIy-00025-00011400-00012200": "simply copying the system or the approach of another church rarely works. Rarely works.", "k3400cl3yIy-00026-00012200-00012700": "This is why there's only one Saddleback Church. Or there's", "k3400cl3yIy-00027-00012700-00013300": "only one Willow Creek Church. You hear about Willow Creek ten thousand members,", "k3400cl3yIy-00028-00013300-00013800": "but how many of those are there? There's only one. They export their system to all kinds of", "k3400cl3yIy-00029-00013800-00014000": "churches but there's still only one of them,", "k3400cl3yIy-00030-00014000-00014500": "they're a hybrid. In our fellowship,  in the churches of Christ,", "k3400cl3yIy-00031-00014500-00015000": "how many Memorial Roads do you know? That you can name? How many 3000", "k3400cl3yIy-00032-00015000-00015400": "member churches that you know of? Well there's that and there's Highland and couple in", "k3400cl3yIy-00033-00015400-00015900": "Dallas and a few in Tennessee and so on and so forth. There are not that", "k3400cl3yIy-00034-00015900-00016600": "many I mentioned before that the average growth is about to, the average size about 200 people.", "k3400cl3yIy-00035-00016600-00017100": "Now the reason that just exporting your system doesn't work is that", "k3400cl3yIy-00036-00017100-00017600": "those growth churches, those huge mega churches are unique", "k3400cl3yIy-00037-00017600-00018100": "to their time and place and cannot be multiplied simply by copying", "k3400cl3yIy-00038-00018100-00018700": "their structure or implementing their programs. It just doesn't work.", "k3400cl3yIy-00039-00018700-00019200": "Now this is not to say that there are not valuable resources that these churches can provide.", "k3400cl3yIy-00040-00019200-00019700": "There are. There is one book that is the", "k3400cl3yIy-00041-00019700-00020200": "result of an exhaustive research project about church growth", "k3400cl3yIy-00042-00020200-00020700": "around the world that I think is very valuable. Like I say, not everything is bad. There", "k3400cl3yIy-00043-00020700-00021200": "are a lot of good ideas and one book in particular has really terrific", "k3400cl3yIy-00044-00021200-00021700": "ideas. A writer called", "k3400cl3yIy-00045-00021700-00022200": "Christian Schwartz. He's a researcher.", "k3400cl3yIy-00046-00022200-00022600": "And he is a church growth researcher.  He conducted the most", "k3400cl3yIy-00047-00022600-00023100": "extensive survey of churches around the world. He surveyed a", "k3400cl3yIy-00048-00023100-00023600": "thousand different churches of every type and every size", "k3400cl3yIy-00049-00023600-00024100": "in 32 countries with over 4 million responses", "k3400cl3yIy-00050-00024100-00024684": "to analyze. Now if you're a researcher, if you've done any type of research or surveying,", "k3400cl3yIy-00051-00024684-00025100": "you need to understand a thousand different institutions from", "k3400cl3yIy-00052-00025100-00025600": "32 countries, four million respondents. I'm telling you,", "k3400cl3yIy-00053-00025600-00026100": "that is an exhaustive research program.", "k3400cl3yIy-00054-00026100-00026500": "Well what did he want to know? Well he wanted to know what", "k3400cl3yIy-00055-00026500-00027000": "characteristics do growing churches share. That", "k3400cl3yIy-00056-00027000-00027500": "was his question. OK. Now do any of you remember a book that", "k3400cl3yIy-00057-00027500-00028000": "came out, still on the best seller list but there was a book that came out by a man named", "k3400cl3yIy-00058-00028000-00028500": "Stephen Covey a couple of years back. And he wrote a book called The Seven", "k3400cl3yIy-00059-00028500-00029000": "Habits of Highly Effective People. You remember that book.", "k3400cl3yIy-00060-00029000-00029500": "Very popular book, as I say if you look at the list is still on the best seller list down in number", "k3400cl3yIy-00061-00029500-00030000": "nine or ten. Stphen Covey poured", "k3400cl3yIy-00062-00030000-00030500": "over two hundred years of success literature. How to", "k3400cl3yIy-00063-00030500-00031000": "succeed and so on and so forth, he analyzed that kind of literature, 200 years", "k3400cl3yIy-00064-00031000-00031400": "worth. In the form of biographies and systems and profiles of", "k3400cl3yIy-00065-00031400-00031900": "successful people from every walk of life and what Stephen Covey did is he", "k3400cl3yIy-00066-00031900-00032400": "distilled all of this information down to seven key character", "k3400cl3yIy-00067-00032400-00032900": "traits that all successful people share regardless of time,", "k3400cl3yIy-00068-00032900-00033000": "regardless of culture.", "k3400cl3yIy-00069-00033000-00033400": "So whether you lived in England in the 18th century or in", "k3400cl3yIy-00070-00033400-00033900": "California in the 19th century or in Africa in the 20th", "k3400cl3yIy-00071-00033900-00034300": "century, no matter where you lived or where you were, successful", "k3400cl3yIy-00072-00034300-00034870": "people shared certain characteristics  regardless of their culture,", "k3400cl3yIy-00073-00034870-00035402": "the time they lived, or the society that they lived in.", "k3400cl3yIy-00074-00035402-00035900": "His findings confirmed the important idea that success is not about how", "k3400cl3yIy-00075-00035900-00036400": "much you acquire or how much you succeed but rather what", "k3400cl3yIy-00076-00036400-00036800": "kind of person you are. That's what he found out. In other words", "k3400cl3yIy-00077-00036800-00037500": "character over quantity. Principles over production.", "k3400cl3yIy-00078-00037500-00038000": "Well in the very same way Christian Schwartz has done a similar", "k3400cl3yIy-00079-00038000-00038500": "thing with the subject of church growth. His research", "k3400cl3yIy-00080-00038500-00039000": "has revealed that growing churches, all growing churches,", "k3400cl3yIy-00081-00039000-00039500": "regardless of country or position on the doctrinal issues that they have,", "k3400cl3yIy-00082-00039500-00040000": "all of them share 8 specific quality characteristics", "k3400cl3yIy-00083-00040000-00040500": "and they possess these at a level far above non-growing", "k3400cl3yIy-00084-00040500-00040900": "churches. Now remember when I say a thousand churches, I'm not talking about a thousand", "k3400cl3yIy-00085-00040900-00041400": "churches of Christ. I'm talking about Catholic churches, Methodist churches,", "k3400cl3yIy-00086-00041400-00041900": "Presbyterian churches, Baptists, Southern Baptist, Missionary Baptist, Churches of", "k3400cl3yIy-00087-00041900-00042400": "Christ, Christian church, disciples, he went through all", "k3400cl3yIy-00088-00042400-00042900": "the different churches. And so the results were very specific about two", "k3400cl3yIy-00089-00042900-00043400": "points. One, not only did growing churches possess these", "k3400cl3yIy-00090-00043400-00043800": "8 quality characteristics, and it didn't matter which group it was", "k3400cl3yIy-00091-00043800-00044300": "whether it was a growing Catholic Church or a growing church of Christ, it didn't matter, they", "k3400cl3yIy-00092-00044300-00044800": "all possessed the very same characteristics.", "k3400cl3yIy-00093-00044800-00045200": "and they had these characteristics or", "k3400cl3yIy-00094-00045200-00045700": "exercised them at a rate or level that was far above those churches who", "k3400cl3yIy-00095-00045700-00046200": "merely had some or all of the characteristics but their level or", "k3400cl3yIy-00096-00046200-00046500": "practice of achievement of these were low, in other words,", "k3400cl3yIy-00097-00046500-00046900": "some churches had all of these characteristics but the plates were spinning very", "k3400cl3yIy-00098-00046900-00047304": "very slowly. Understand what I'm saying?", "k3400cl3yIy-00099-00047304-00047800": "Alright, so I'd like to briefly share these with you today. Now before", "k3400cl3yIy-00100-00047800-00048200": "I give you these, I want to explain the difference between", "k3400cl3yIy-00101-00048200-00048700": "models for church growth and principles for church", "k3400cl3yIy-00102-00048700-00049000": "growth. Not the same thing.", "k3400cl3yIy-00103-00049000-00049200": "Number one,", "k3400cl3yIy-00104-00049200-00049700": "a model is an existing congregation  that for whatever reason", "k3400cl3yIy-00105-00049700-00050200": "has experienced success and church growth, a model. The", "k3400cl3yIy-00106-00050200-00050702": "systems that are used in the model are then copied in other", "k3400cl3yIy-00107-00050702-00051200": "places in order to apply them to churches hoping to make them", "k3400cl3yIy-00108-00051200-00051700": "grow. In other words, Saddleback will export its system to another", "k3400cl3yIy-00109-00051700-00052100": "church so that they can copy their system, that's a model.", "k3400cl3yIy-00110-00052100-00052600": "OK. Now we've done that too. Madison, remember the Madison church of Christ in the", "k3400cl3yIy-00111-00052600-00053000": "1960s was the largest congregation of the Churches of Christ. It", "k3400cl3yIy-00112-00053000-00053500": "far surpassed some of the big ones today. It had nearly 6000 people", "k3400cl3yIy-00113-00053500-00054000": "in Madison Tennessee and it had systems, they were exporting their", "k3400cl3yIy-00114-00054000-00054500": "system to other churches who couldn't quite replicate the 6000 people", "k3400cl3yIy-00115-00054500-00054900": "model. OK? The second idea is a", "k3400cl3yIy-00116-00054900-00055400": "principle. A principle is something that applies to every", "k3400cl3yIy-00117-00055400-00055900": "church at all times. It's generic. It's biblical.", "k3400cl3yIy-00118-00055900-00056502": "It's universal in its application. So what we're talking about here", "k3400cl3yIy-00119-00056502-00056700": "is not a model.", "k3400cl3yIy-00120-00056700-00056900": "It's a principle.", "k3400cl3yIy-00121-00056900-00057400": "Church models are usually seen in a few very successful and innovative", "k3400cl3yIy-00122-00057400-00057900": "churches that have like a high profile and what they do is they export their", "k3400cl3yIy-00123-00057900-00058400": "model for others to copy. Church principles", "k3400cl3yIy-00124-00058400-00058900": "are seen in many, many churches of all sizes and shapes and they promote", "k3400cl3yIy-00125-00058900-00059500": "a more natural approach to church growth. So what's my point?", "k3400cl3yIy-00126-00059500-00059900": "My point is the following. Instead of copying a successful", "k3400cl3yIy-00127-00059900-00060400": "model, we should implement principles and characteristics that", "k3400cl3yIy-00128-00060400-00060900": "all growing churches have and all growing churches", "k3400cl3yIy-00129-00060900-00061400": "share in the natural growth that they experience.", "k3400cl3yIy-00130-00061400-00061900": "We're about principles, we're not about models. Alright.", "k3400cl3yIy-00131-00061900-00062400": "One last explanation before I share the list with you. The researchers also", "k3400cl3yIy-00132-00062400-00062800": "discovered that growing churches not only shared 8 similar", "k3400cl3yIy-00133-00062800-00063300": "characteristics and experience them to a certain high level,", "k3400cl3yIy-00134-00063300-00063802": "they also learned that each characteristic had a particular", "k3400cl3yIy-00135-00063802-00064200": "quality. For example a person is not just a", "k3400cl3yIy-00136-00064200-00064700": "skater; she's a figure skater or a speed", "k3400cl3yIy-00137-00064700-00065200": "skater, see a quality to the skill or a man is not just", "k3400cl3yIy-00138-00065200-00065600": "intelligent, he's intelligent in math or he's a genius in", "k3400cl3yIy-00139-00065600-00066100": "physics, alright? A quality to the characteristics and you'll", "k3400cl3yIy-00140-00066100-00066600": "see what I mean when I go through these. So each characteristic that they", "k3400cl3yIy-00141-00066600-00067100": "found had a specific quality to it that contributed directly to the", "k3400cl3yIy-00142-00067100-00067500": "growth of that church. So here are the eight quality", "k3400cl3yIy-00143-00067500-00068002": "characteristics shared by all growing", "k3400cl3yIy-00144-00068002-00068308": "churches, based in research now.", "k3400cl3yIy-00145-00068308-00068800": "Number one. All growing", "k3400cl3yIy-00146-00068800-00069300": "churches had empowering leadership.", "k3400cl3yIy-00147-00069300-00069800": "You see the breakdown? Not just leadership, all churches have", "k3400cl3yIy-00148-00069800-00070200": "leadership in one way or another,  but growing churches had", "k3400cl3yIy-00149-00070200-00070700": "empowering leadership. In other words, leaders", "k3400cl3yIy-00150-00070700-00071200": "of growing churches concentrate on empowering other Christians", "k3400cl3yIy-00151-00071200-00071700": "for ministry. So let me give you an example.", "k3400cl3yIy-00152-00071700-00072200": "Empowering leaders don't just enlist members to help them achieve their personal", "k3400cl3yIy-00153-00072200-00072700": "ministry goal or visions. They assist members in developing their own", "k3400cl3yIy-00154-00072700-00073240": "giftedness and they mentor them in reaching their own spiritual goals. So", "k3400cl3yIy-00155-00073242-00073600": "let me give you an example of this type of thing. Leaders", "k3400cl3yIy-00156-00073600-00074100": "visit members, but empowering leaders bring a member", "k3400cl3yIy-00157-00074100-00074600": "with them to visit other members and train them in personal work.", "k3400cl3yIy-00158-00074600-00074800": "See the difference?", "k3400cl3yIy-00159-00074800-00075200": "See the difference? Leaders teach and", "k3400cl3yIy-00160-00075200-00075700": "evangelize, but empowering leaders are always on the", "k3400cl3yIy-00161-00075700-00076200": "lookout to find and to disciple members who have these gifts", "k3400cl3yIy-00162-00076200-00076700": "and provide opportunities for them to use these gifts. See the difference? Not just", "k3400cl3yIy-00163-00076700-00077200": "leadership, empowering leadership. Empowering leaders", "k3400cl3yIy-00164-00077200-00077700": "invest most of their time in discipleship, delegation, and", "k3400cl3yIy-00165-00077700-00078200": "multiplication. Our research shows that empowering leaders", "k3400cl3yIy-00166-00078200-00078700": "are not the superstars of mega churches.", "k3400cl3yIy-00167-00078700-00079100": "One of the problems with having a superstar, the superstar preacher or the", "k3400cl3yIy-00168-00079100-00079600": "superstar youth minister or the superstar whatever, is that when the superstar", "k3400cl3yIy-00169-00079600-00079902": "leaves, what happens?", "k3400cl3yIy-00170-00079902-00080300": "Everything that the superstar did goes down the drain. That's what", "k3400cl3yIy-00171-00080300-00080602": "happens with a superstar,", "k3400cl3yIy-00172-00080602-00081000": "but if you have an empowering leadership, even if that leader", "k3400cl3yIy-00173-00081000-00081500": "leaves, he or she because women in the church", "k3400cl3yIy-00174-00081500-00082000": "serve as well and in many instances they also have leadership in a ministry", "k3400cl3yIy-00175-00082000-00082400": "area, these people have empowered others to", "k3400cl3yIy-00176-00082400-00082900": "continue the work and the ministry after they", "k3400cl3yIy-00177-00082900-00083502": "leave. So after they leave someone else steps in.", "k3400cl3yIy-00178-00083502-00084000": "So research shows as I say that empowering leaders are", "k3400cl3yIy-00179-00084000-00084500": "not the superstars of mega churches but rather people who know how to cultivate", "k3400cl3yIy-00180-00084500-00084800": "spiritual qualities in other people.", "k3400cl3yIy-00181-00084800-00085400": "It's OK if you don't get around to seeing 70 people.", "k3400cl3yIy-00182-00085400-00085800": "If you manage to mentor two or three That's pretty good. That's good.", "k3400cl3yIy-00183-00085800-00086300": "You know I always say Jesus only had 12 apostles, just 12.", "k3400cl3yIy-00184-00086300-00086996": "He was the Son of God and He had just 12 apostles and one of them didn't work out real well.", "k3400cl3yIy-00185-00087000-00087400": "So I'm not going to beat myself up if I can't manage personal deep", "k3400cl3yIy-00186-00087400-00087908": "mentoring relationships with 29 or 54 people.", "k3400cl3yIy-00187-00087908-00088600": "If the Lord could only manage 12, who am I to try to do 50?", "k3400cl3yIy-00188-00088600-00089400": "Now a couple of other interesting findings based on the research in the area of leadership are the following:", "k3400cl3yIy-00189-00089400-00089900": "Formal theological training had a negative effect on church growth. Isn't", "k3400cl3yIy-00190-00089900-00090300": "that weird? In other words the more theological training of the leaders the", "k3400cl3yIy-00191-00090300-00090600": "less growth.", "k3400cl3yIy-00192-00090600-00091098": "Now when I say theological training, I'm not talking about Bible training,.", "k3400cl3yIy-00193-00091100-00091600": "I'm talking about theological training. The discussion of the various philosophies of", "k3400cl3yIy-00194-00091600-00092200": "religion and what it means. And some people say, \"well why is that?\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00195-00092200-00092600": "Probably because most institutions of higher learning that offer", "k3400cl3yIy-00196-00092600-00093100": "post-graduate and graduate degrees in theology and so on and so forth are extremely", "k3400cl3yIy-00197-00093100-00093600": "liberal. Like if you go to Harvard, you get a Ph.D. in theology, you probably come out not", "k3400cl3yIy-00198-00093600-00094204": "believing in God any more.", "k3400cl3yIy-00199-00094204-00094700": "Certainly not believing that the Bible is His word.", "k3400cl3yIy-00200-00094700-00095200": "And so people at that level of education, not all, but", "k3400cl3yIy-00201-00095200-00095800": "many of them, and I've met many of them, promote the idea of pluralism.", "k3400cl3yIy-00202-00095800-00096300": "Everybody's going to heaven. Let's make friends with everybody. The Bible", "k3400cl3yIy-00203-00096300-00096800": "however is very clear about that. The Bible and Christianity is an exclusive", "k3400cl3yIy-00204-00096800-00097300": "religion. It's very exclusive. It's one of the reasons why people hate Christians because", "k3400cl3yIy-00205-00097300-00097700": "they dare to say only Jesus is the one who can save us. I mentioned", "k3400cl3yIy-00206-00097700-00098200": "before Acts Chapter 4 verse 12, \"There is no other name under heaven by which you", "k3400cl3yIy-00207-00098200-00098598": "may be saved.\" People don't like that.", "k3400cl3yIy-00208-00098600-00099390": "And so as you get away from that idea you make friends, but you don't make converts", "k3400cl3yIy-00209-00099402-00099600": "and you don't grow the church", "k3400cl3yIy-00210-00099600-00100200": "of the Lord by denying the fact that He is the Son of God and His word is not", "k3400cl3yIy-00211-00100200-00100700": "the Word of God. In other words, leaders who recognize that they needed,", "k3400cl3yIy-00212-00100700-00101200": "well one other thing I forgot to mention, research also", "k3400cl3yIy-00213-00101200-00101700": "showed that there was a positive relationship", "k3400cl3yIy-00214-00101700-00102198": "between the willingness of leaders to accept help from outside the congregation", "k3400cl3yIy-00215-00102200-00102600": "and the positive growth of the church. So those were two additional findings in the area of", "k3400cl3yIy-00216-00102600-00103100": "leadership. The more theological training, the less growth. And the second one is", "k3400cl3yIy-00217-00103100-00103600": "that leaders who sought help from outside the congregation, outside their circle,", "k3400cl3yIy-00218-00103600-00104100": "usually were ones who were leading growing churches. So leaders who", "k3400cl3yIy-00219-00104100-00104600": "recognized that they needed help to do their jobs usually succeeded better in building", "k3400cl3yIy-00220-00104600-00105100": "growing churches than those who thought they knew it all. Proving", "k3400cl3yIy-00221-00105100-00105600": "that humility is a key ingredient for successful empowering", "k3400cl3yIy-00222-00105600-00106204": "leadership. Alright, quality characteristic number two.", "k3400cl3yIy-00223-00106204-00107072": "Growing churches focused on gift oriented ministry. You see the", "k3400cl3yIy-00224-00107072-00107500": "relationship? Not just people serving in ministry, but people serving in", "k3400cl3yIy-00225-00107500-00108002": "their area of giftedness, their area of strength.", "k3400cl3yIy-00226-00108002-00108602": "When people serve according to their giftedness, they're more likely", "k3400cl3yIy-00227-00108602-00109298": "to be serving in the power of the Lord and not according to their own strength.", "k3400cl3yIy-00228-00109300-00109800": "For professional ministers, identifying and training members in the", "k3400cl3yIy-00229-00109800-00110200": "use of their gifts should be a major part of their actual work.", "k3400cl3yIy-00230-00110200-00110700": "One of the jobs of a minister is he's a scout,", "k3400cl3yIy-00231-00110700-00111100": "like a baseball scout or a football scout, he's a scout, he's looking for", "k3400cl3yIy-00232-00111100-00111600": "talent, he's looking for people. There's a joke at Choctaw,", "k3400cl3yIy-00233-00111600-00112100": "there's a kind of a running joke that goes...there's a running joke that goes", "k3400cl3yIy-00234-00112100-00112600": "that even in our family and Hal knows this joke as well, \"Don't ever ask", "k3400cl3yIy-00235-00112600-00113100": "Michael if there's something you can do, because he will find you", "k3400cl3yIy-00236-00113100-00113600": "something to do. Don't ever make that mistake.\" That's in the church and", "k3400cl3yIy-00237-00113600-00114100": "in our family, because everybody's tight and doing filming, whatever, they're all doing", "k3400cl3yIy-00238-00114100-00114404": "something. Right?", "k3400cl3yIy-00239-00114404-00114900": "So, for professional ministers as I said", "k3400cl3yIy-00240-00114900-00115400": "identifying and training members to use their gifts, this should", "k3400cl3yIy-00241-00115400-00115900": "be a major part of the work. Helping Christians identify and use their gifts contributes to", "k3400cl3yIy-00242-00115900-00116402": "church growth more than any other activity.", "k3400cl3yIy-00243-00116402-00116900": "More than any other activity they found.", "k3400cl3yIy-00244-00116900-00117100": "Building each other up", "k3400cl3yIy-00245-00117100-00117600": "builds the church. Quality characteristic number three.", "k3400cl3yIy-00246-00117600-00118198": "Growing churches experienced passionate spirituality.", "k3400cl3yIy-00247-00118200-00118600": "Now by passionate spirituality I'm not talking about speaking in tongues or the rock and roll", "k3400cl3yIy-00248-00118600-00119100": "worship services with lights flashing and people jumping up and down,", "k3400cl3yIy-00249-00119100-00119598": "that's not what I'm talking about. I'm not talking about a concert.", "k3400cl3yIy-00250-00119600-00120244": "The research showed that growing churches had members who cared deeply about spiritual things.", "k3400cl3yIy-00251-00120244-00120700": "That's what I mean about passionate spirituality. They cared about Christ", "k3400cl3yIy-00252-00120700-00121200": "and they cared about their lives as Christians. It was important to them.", "k3400cl3yIy-00253-00121200-00121902": "Their passion was in pleasing and serving the Lord. That kind of passion.", "k3400cl3yIy-00254-00121902-00122300": "Now churches whose focus was only getting the forms right, and so what I", "k3400cl3yIy-00255-00122300-00122800": "mean by the forms in other words churches that were only focused on the", "k3400cl3yIy-00256-00122800-00123300": "correct way of doing things. One Cup", "k3400cl3yIy-00257-00123300-00123900": "16 cups you know two prayers and then a song.", "k3400cl3yIy-00258-00123900-00124400": "The externals, the forms. These churches were not growing", "k3400cl3yIy-00259-00124500-00124700": "and they had little enthusiasm.", "k3400cl3yIy-00260-00124700-00125200": "And I dare say that's one of the main problems in the churches of Christ, we've focused so long on the", "k3400cl3yIy-00261-00125200-00125700": "externals, we forgot about the guts of the thing. That's why my very first", "k3400cl3yIy-00262-00125700-00126200": "lesson and my very first bible study with you about church growth was not in the book of", "k3400cl3yIy-00263-00126200-00126600": "Acts, it was in Ephesians", "k3400cl3yIy-00264-00126600-00127216": "because if we can be the church that Paul describes in Ephesians, we will be a loving church.", "k3400cl3yIy-00265-00127216-00127702": "We will have the New Testament pattern right there.", "k3400cl3yIy-00266-00127702-00128100": "So churches where the focus was on getting their lives", "k3400cl3yIy-00267-00128100-00128600": "right and getting their lives in sync with Christ found", "k3400cl3yIy-00268-00128600-00129100": "that their enthusiasm for all things including the forms promoted growth.", "k3400cl3yIy-00269-00129100-00129704": "I'm not saying let's do away with orderly worship service,", "k3400cl3yIy-00270-00129704-00130200": "I'm not saying that at all, but when the goal is simply", "k3400cl3yIy-00271-00130200-00130600": "order and we're in and we're out in an hour and let's", "k3400cl3yIy-00272-00130600-00131100": "not make any noise, if that's the goal then we've", "k3400cl3yIy-00273-00131100-00131600": "missed the boat. There is no passion in that. It's all externals,", "k3400cl3yIy-00274-00131600-00132100": "but if the goal is I want to be, I not only want to do what's right and be", "k3400cl3yIy-00275-00132100-00132600": "orderly and biblical in how I praise and worship God, but I want to be right", "k3400cl3yIy-00276-00132600-00133100": "with God. I want to deal with the sin in my life. I want to", "k3400cl3yIy-00277-00133100-00133600": "be crazy about getting rid of the sin. I want to be ruthless.", "k3400cl3yIy-00278-00133600-00134100": "There's the word. I want to be ruthless in getting rid of the sin in my life. I want to be", "k3400cl3yIy-00279-00134100-00134500": "ruthless with it. I want to be sexually pure and I want to be", "k3400cl3yIy-00280-00134500-00135000": "ruthless about that and I want to be kind and I want to be ruthless about that. Tamping", "k3400cl3yIy-00281-00135000-00135500": "down my ego and screwing down my pride. When people", "k3400cl3yIy-00282-00135500-00135900": "become ruthless about being Christians", "k3400cl3yIy-00283-00135900-00136400": "and how they treat each other, that's when the passion starts", "k3400cl3yIy-00284-00136400-00136900": "to come out. Quality characteristic number four.", "k3400cl3yIy-00285-00136900-00137300": "All growing churches had functional structures.", "k3400cl3yIy-00286-00137300-00137800": "Boy when I read that, that was one of the", "k3400cl3yIy-00287-00137800-00138200": "most happy moments in my ministry career when I read about the guy who is an", "k3400cl3yIy-00288-00138200-00138802": "expert in church research who had done a thing that I myself could never do", "k3400cl3yIy-00289-00138802-00139300": "and in his research he simply confirmed the thing that I had been teaching all along simply from", "k3400cl3yIy-00290-00139300-00139800": "looking at the scriptures for 10 years. Man, I said, \"Hallelujah!\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00291-00139800-00140300": "Every church has some kind of structure and organization but not all structures promote", "k3400cl3yIy-00292-00140300-00140700": "growth. That's what he said. Functional structures are those that promote", "k3400cl3yIy-00293-00140700-00141200": "church life and effective ministry and clear communication. Now what's interesting", "k3400cl3yIy-00294-00141200-00141700": "about this research is that it is, as I say, confirms statistically", "k3400cl3yIy-00295-00141700-00142200": "what I've been teaching about church organization and structure for many many years in", "k3400cl3yIy-00296-00142200-00142900": "this unlimited growth seminar. For example,", "k3400cl3yIy-00297-00142900-00143300": "that the most effective structure for the church is the one that is", "k3400cl3yIy-00298-00143300-00144000": "outlined for the church organization in Acts chapter 2.", "k3400cl3yIy-00299-00144000-00144600": "It's so nice to get what you simply read from the book", "k3400cl3yIy-00300-00144600-00145300": "confirmed statistically and scientifically.", "k3400cl3yIy-00301-00145300-00145800": "We also learn, as we mentioned, we're going over this again, there are five areas", "k3400cl3yIy-00302-00145800-00146200": "of ministry: evangelism, education, fellowship, worship, service and when these are functioning", "k3400cl3yIy-00303-00146200-00146798": "properly and simultaneously what happens? The church grows.", "k3400cl3yIy-00304-00146800-00147304": "So the research demonstrated", "k3400cl3yIy-00305-00147304-00147802": "that the closer to this organizational model the church was,", "k3400cl3yIy-00306-00147802-00148400": "the greater the growth. The further away you went from it,", "k3400cl3yIy-00307-00148400-00148600": "the growth stopped.", "k3400cl3yIy-00308-00148600-00149104": "Do I have anecdotal personal experience? Absolutely.", "k3400cl3yIy-00309-00149104-00149600": "In California when I went there they were 300, when", "k3400cl3yIy-00310-00149600-00149700": "I left there they were 500.", "k3400cl3yIy-00311-00149700-00150200": "It wasn't me, it was just hey let's... same thing as we did here...Here's the", "k3400cl3yIy-00312-00150200-00150700": "ministry models, start filling in the things, let's start working, that's all. I just manage the", "k3400cl3yIy-00313-00150700-00151304": "system, taught them how to do it. Boom! It took off. Where do they come from? I don't know.", "k3400cl3yIy-00314-00151304-00151700": "I don't know. We baptized I don't know 20, 30, 40 people a year,", "k3400cl3yIy-00315-00151700-00152200": "but people can't, some people they pooh pooh this idea of people", "k3400cl3yIy-00316-00152200-00152700": "placing... oh, that's not growth. Really? That's not growth? Who do you think sent those", "k3400cl3yIy-00317-00152700-00153200": "people here? If God is in charge of everything and if we ask God to give", "k3400cl3yIy-00318-00153200-00153704": "us guidance in the kingdom of God, Brother and Sister Smith have moved from", "k3400cl3yIy-00319-00153704-00154100": "Okemah to the Ponca City with their four kids, all of them Christians, all of them ready to", "k3400cl3yIy-00320-00154100-00154900": "serve in the Lord. If that's not a blessing, I don't know what is.", "k3400cl3yIy-00321-00154900-00155200": "That's church growth.", "k3400cl3yIy-00322-00155200-00155600": "Somebody who stopped coming to church for three years and away from the Lord, finally his", "k3400cl3yIy-00323-00155600-00156100": "conscience, her conscience, is convicted and returns and says I want to be", "k3400cl3yIy-00324-00156100-00156600": "restored to the ministry of the Lord, I want to be restored to the church, I want to start serving", "k3400cl3yIy-00325-00156600-00156900": "again, that's growth.", "k3400cl3yIy-00326-00156900-00157200": "Spirit of God brought that person to us.", "k3400cl3yIy-00327-00157200-00157600": "So growth is they're baptized, they joined, they're restored.", "k3400cl3yIy-00328-00157600-00158100": "Hey, it's all growth.", "k3400cl3yIy-00329-00158100-00158500": "Our job is not to decide what is growth and what isn't growth. Our job is to", "k3400cl3yIy-00330-00158500-00159000": "minister. That's our job. Don't worry about the growth. I'll tell you something else.", "k3400cl3yIy-00331-00159000-00159300": "It never comes from where you think it'll come.", "k3400cl3yIy-00332-00159300-00159800": "It never, never does. I'll tell you a story. So in Montreal we're having a", "k3400cl3yIy-00333-00159800-00160300": "gospel meeting and we're having a college group, no a church group from MacArthur Park Church of", "k3400cl3yIy-00334-00160300-00160800": "Christ in San Antonio. And there were a whole bunch of people, there were like 30 or 40 of them, they came in the big", "k3400cl3yIy-00335-00160800-00161200": "bus, you know the drill, the summer missions, college, teens, whatever.", "k3400cl3yIy-00336-00161200-00161700": "And with my wife and I, it was a small mission where we worked like dogs. I'm telling you, printing", "k3400cl3yIy-00337-00161700-00162200": "stuff, delivering stuff, organizing these people, putting them up in houses, whatever. And they came and", "k3400cl3yIy-00338-00162200-00162700": "they knocked doors and they handed out 10,000 pamphlets and we invited a speaker, the whole drill.", "k3400cl3yIy-00339-00162700-00163200": "Gospel meeting. And my wife said, \"You know, I've worked so hard on this, this gospel meeting", "k3400cl3yIy-00340-00163200-00163700": "with you, I don't want to just stay home,\" we had four kids, \"I'm going to be home with the kids.\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00341-00163700-00164200": "And I said, \"Look, I'll tell you what, let's invite that little girl down the street. Let's invite her. Teenager.", "k3400cl3yIy-00342-00164200-00164700": "She could watch the kids and you can come to the meeting.\" ...\"Oh great.\" So we hired the girl, paid her whatever, and she every", "k3400cl3yIy-00343-00164700-00165100": "night she'd come to the meeting and of course you know how it is, we're in the church right? After the Gospel", "k3400cl3yIy-00344-00165100-00165800": "meeting people would come back to our house and we'd talk about it, blah blah blah anyway. Long story short.", "k3400cl3yIy-00345-00165800-00166300": "We didn't get a lot of visitors. We got a couple,", "k3400cl3yIy-00346-00166300-00166700": "but we didn't get a whole lot of visitors. It was fun. It was great for us. We love being together, fellowship. We heard some", "k3400cl3yIy-00347-00166700-00167202": "great lessons, we were pumped and we're excited at night,", "k3400cl3yIy-00348-00167202-00167700": "but the entire Gospel meeting yielded only one baptism. And do you know", "k3400cl3yIy-00349-00167700-00168402": "who that baptism was? The little girl who watched our kids.", "k3400cl3yIy-00350-00168402-00168900": "She watched us come home every night excited and talking. \"Oh it was great. Did you hear what he said?\" \"Yeah.\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00351-00168900-00169400": "I forget what her name was, so many years ago, but she listened and she listened", "k3400cl3yIy-00352-00169400-00170002": "and then she started asking,  anyways. She was baptized.", "k3400cl3yIy-00353-00170002-00170400": "She never went to the meetings, she didn't read the literature, she didn't hear the sermons. She", "k3400cl3yIy-00354-00170400-00170902": "just kind of was going off of us", "k3400cl3yIy-00355-00170902-00171300": "and she was like, \"Man, I want what they've got. What is it that you", "k3400cl3yIy-00356-00171300-00171598": "people have? I want some of that.\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00357-00171600-00172100": "So I say that story to remind you, it never comes from where you", "k3400cl3yIy-00358-00172100-00172902": "think it's going to come with the Lord. It's always \"Look, you just minister", "k3400cl3yIy-00359-00172902-00173400": "and I'll add and you know what? I'm not going to ask your permission on how I'm going to add.", "k3400cl3yIy-00360-00173400-00173900": "I'll add the way and the time that I want to add. You just be convinced that I", "k3400cl3yIy-00361-00173900-00174506": "will add when the time is right, you just keep on ministering. Don't you worry about that. OK?\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00362-00174506-00174802": "Quality number five.", "k3400cl3yIy-00363-00174802-00175300": "Growing churches had inspiring worship service. Now here we need to make a", "k3400cl3yIy-00364-00175300-00175796": "distinction between style of worship and inspiring worship.", "k3400cl3yIy-00365-00175796-00176300": "There are a lot of styles of worship services, there's high church with a lot of ceremony,", "k3400cl3yIy-00366-00176300-00176700": "Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox, that's high church. You have high", "k3400cl3yIy-00367-00176700-00177200": "impact worship with music and performance and lights and cameras and stuff.", "k3400cl3yIy-00368-00177200-00177700": "Church.TV or Life Church, lots of stuff", "k3400cl3yIy-00369-00177700-00178200": "going on, you got the band in the back, you've got the guest singer, you got the charismatic", "k3400cl3yIy-00370-00178200-00178500": "evangelist, the lights and everything going on.", "k3400cl3yIy-00371-00178500-00179000": "You have seeker services geared to introduce worship to nonbelievers.", "k3400cl3yIy-00372-00179000-00179600": "You have acapella style which is the practice in New Testament churches.", "k3400cl3yIy-00373-00179600-00180100": "Now what the research showed was that the style did not", "k3400cl3yIy-00374-00180100-00180704": "impact growth one way or another.", "k3400cl3yIy-00375-00180704-00181106": "For all of those people in our congregations that are", "k3400cl3yIy-00376-00181106-00181708": "moaning about the fact that the reason we're not growing is because we're acappella churches, we need to get", "k3400cl3yIy-00377-00181708-00182100": "instruments, we need to start swinging here and rock and rolling, for all the people that make those", "k3400cl3yIy-00378-00182100-00182600": "arguments, the research shows changing your style of worship is", "k3400cl3yIy-00379-00182600-00183304": "not going to impact your growth.", "k3400cl3yIy-00380-00183304-00183700": "Inspiring worship is that worship where the Holy Spirit of", "k3400cl3yIy-00381-00183700-00184200": "God is truly at work in the worshipers and they are", "k3400cl3yIy-00382-00184200-00184702": "inspired by His presence among them.", "k3400cl3yIy-00383-00184702-00185304": "You cannot manipulate the Spirit of God with your style of worship. You know what that is?", "k3400cl3yIy-00384-00185304-00185604": "That's magic.", "k3400cl3yIy-00385-00185604-00186102": "That's the basic definition of the occult.", "k3400cl3yIy-00386-00186102-00186600": "Magic is trying to influence something in the spirit world", "k3400cl3yIy-00387-00186600-00187000": "by doing something in the physical world. So you got the lucky charm that you", "k3400cl3yIy-00388-00187000-00187500": "carry and what does that mean? Well you have the lucky charm, the lucky charm means that if you hold it or", "k3400cl3yIy-00389-00187500-00188102": "carry it or whatever the spirits will give you \"good luck,\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00390-00188102-00188600": "will favor you. What is that? Something in the physical world that's trying to manipulate", "k3400cl3yIy-00391-00188600-00189100": "something that's in the spiritual world. In the same way, if we think that jumping around and lights", "k3400cl3yIy-00392-00189100-00189500": "and screaming and professional singers with six octave voices and so on and so", "k3400cl3yIy-00393-00189500-00190300": "forth that that is going to manipulate the Spirit of God to like us better.", "k3400cl3yIy-00394-00190300-00190800": "No. You not only have the action wrong,", "k3400cl3yIy-00395-00190800-00191600": "you've got the theology wrong.", "k3400cl3yIy-00396-00191600-00192100": "The only factor that style in worship plays", "k3400cl3yIy-00397-00192100-00192600": "is if the worshippers are offering their worship in an acceptable Biblical", "k3400cl3yIy-00398-00192600-00193100": "manner and with an acceptable believing heart. If you", "k3400cl3yIy-00399-00193100-00193600": "don't believe that, just go back to the Old Testament and take a look at the relationship between God", "k3400cl3yIy-00400-00193600-00193800": "and His worshippers.", "k3400cl3yIy-00401-00193800-00194300": "Worship is about what God wants, not what we want and certainly you've heard sermons", "k3400cl3yIy-00402-00194300-00194702": "on that before, I'm not going to repeat them here.", "k3400cl3yIy-00403-00194702-00195200": "The inspiration for worship however does not come from externals like", "k3400cl3yIy-00404-00195200-00195700": "the type of building or the talent of the worship leaders but rather is a", "k3400cl3yIy-00405-00195700-00196100": "dynamic played out between the worshipper and God throughout the week and", "k3400cl3yIy-00406-00196100-00196600": "shared with others on the Lord's day. If that was not the", "k3400cl3yIy-00407-00196600-00197100": "case that means that the American Pentecostals, OK,", "k3400cl3yIy-00408-00197100-00197500": "only their worship is acceptable because it's so exciting and so", "k3400cl3yIy-00409-00197500-00198000": "impacting and so high energy and the guy who is living in South", "k3400cl3yIy-00410-00198000-00198500": "America in a small village meeting with six of his brothers and sisters in a", "k3400cl3yIy-00411-00198500-00199000": "hut somewhere or in a place where I have actually been in Haiti, OK,", "k3400cl3yIy-00412-00199000-00199500": "let's do Haiti, out in the country in Haiti and again a stick church", "k3400cl3yIy-00413-00199500-00200000": "with 19 people who only know two songs, those people's worship", "k3400cl3yIy-00414-00200000-00200500": "is unacceptable. Why? Because they haven't got an electric organ. They got no lights. Nobody's shouting,", "k3400cl3yIy-00415-00200500-00201202": "nobody's jumping up and down, nobody's going nuts and rolling on the floor so therefore their worship must not be any good.", "k3400cl3yIy-00416-00201202-00201870": "Is that the God we worship? Really? Really?", "k3400cl3yIy-00417-00201870-00202400": "If we only could hear the music of the first century.", "k3400cl3yIy-00418-00202400-00202800": "It's chanting. It's like three notes. It's", "k3400cl3yIy-00419-00202800-00203602": "reciprocal. Sing to each other. It's Jewish.", "k3400cl3yIy-00420-00203602-00204302": "Nothing like what we have today. So if we think that modern showtime", "k3400cl3yIy-00421-00204302-00204800": "worship style, if that's what pleases God, then all of us are going to hell together, I", "k3400cl3yIy-00422-00204800-00206300": "mean tell you, I can play the accordion, but that's about it.", "k3400cl3yIy-00423-00206300-00206600": "The spin off benefit of this inspired worship,", "k3400cl3yIy-00424-00206600-00207004": "this worship between me and God", "k3400cl3yIy-00425-00207004-00207704": "is the overall growth of members who worship because of inspiration and not duty.", "k3400cl3yIy-00426-00207704-00208402": "I love to worship God. I love to do it.", "k3400cl3yIy-00427-00208402-00209400": "I love to do it. You know the Muslims, they pray five times a day because you have to pray five times a day with the prayer mat facing east and all that kind of stuff facing Mecca.", "k3400cl3yIy-00428-00209400-00209900": "Man, I got them whooped. I pray way more times than", "k3400cl3yIy-00429-00209900-00210500": "five times a day. Way more. Not out of duty.", "k3400cl3yIy-00430-00210500-00210800": "Not out of duty.", "k3400cl3yIy-00431-00210800-00211306": "Out of compassion. Out of compulsion.", "k3400cl3yIy-00432-00211306-00211800": "When I open my eyes and I switch out of bed and my feet hit the floor I", "k3400cl3yIy-00433-00211800-00211900": "begin to pray.", "k3400cl3yIy-00434-00212000-00212600": "I begin to pray at that moment, then I pray at breakfast and I pray at work,", "k3400cl3yIy-00435-00212600-00213100": "then I have my personal bible reading time where I pray some more, then I pray", "k3400cl3yIy-00436-00213100-00213600": "for all my meals, then I pray with my wife and as my head hits the pillow at", "k3400cl3yIy-00437-00213600-00214100": "night, the last thing that's going on in my mind is what? It's prayer. I'm praying.", "k3400cl3yIy-00438-00214100-00214600": "Why? Because somebody, some moolah somewhere told me I got to do it five times a day?", "k3400cl3yIy-00439-00214600-00214800": "No.", "k3400cl3yIy-00440-00214800-00215200": "I love God. Period. I love Him", "k3400cl3yIy-00441-00215200-00215904": "and when I remember what He's done for me, where I was at in my life when He found me,", "k3400cl3yIy-00442-00215904-00216500": "I mean, you don't need to hear my story. It's ugly, it's bad, it's terrible.", "k3400cl3yIy-00443-00216500-00217000": "When I realized that while I was making jokes about Him, I personally", "k3400cl3yIy-00444-00217000-00217500": "was making jokes about Him, blasphemous jokes about Him", "k3400cl3yIy-00445-00217500-00218000": "with my buddies while we were doing drugs and alcohol or whatever else we were into. While", "k3400cl3yIy-00446-00218000-00218300": "I was making those jokes,", "k3400cl3yIy-00447-00218300-00218800": "He was preparing to save me.", "k3400cl3yIy-00448-00218800-00219702": "How can you not love that person? How can prayer be a duty?", "k3400cl3yIy-00449-00219702-00220502": "So take 400 people like me and put them all together in one place.", "k3400cl3yIy-00450-00220502-00220900": "You know how much power that can produce?", "k3400cl3yIy-00451-00220900-00221300": "You know how spiritual energy that can create? But it can only be", "k3400cl3yIy-00452-00221300-00221800": "created one person at a time. You can't", "k3400cl3yIy-00453-00221800-00222400": "be whipped into love. You can't be forced into it.", "k3400cl3yIy-00454-00222400-00222900": "You have to love them. You have to want to worship Him.", "k3400cl3yIy-00455-00222900-00223500": "Alright. Number six. Growing churches have holistic small groups.", "k3400cl3yIy-00456-00223500-00224100": "The researchers found that this characteristic truly separated growing from declining churches.", "k3400cl3yIy-00457-00224100-00224600": "Now a lot of churches, they have small groups or they have a \"program\" or another and they", "k3400cl3yIy-00458-00224600-00225000": "don't experience any significant growth and that's because the small groups are just one among", "k3400cl3yIy-00459-00225000-00225300": "many programs the ministry staff operates.", "k3400cl3yIy-00460-00225300-00225800": "Well we got the youth group, we got the Gospel meeting, we got this, we got that, we got the Sunday", "k3400cl3yIy-00461-00225800-00226100": "night potluck and then we got the small groups over here.", "k3400cl3yIy-00462-00226100-00226600": "That's usually the way we do it, just a program, but holistic small groups they're", "k3400cl3yIy-00463-00226600-00227000": "different. These small groups are designed to help members use their", "k3400cl3yIy-00464-00227000-00227500": "gifts and share their lives and minister to each other and pray and support", "k3400cl3yIy-00465-00227500-00228006": "each other, not just eat together.", "k3400cl3yIy-00466-00228006-00228300": "Fellowship is not about food.", "k3400cl3yIy-00467-00228300-00228800": "It's about sharing Christ. You know what? You know how close you're coming to having an", "k3400cl3yIy-00468-00228800-00229300": "effective small group? Don said, \"Hey anybody after Sunday night church, anybody", "k3400cl3yIy-00469-00229300-00229800": "wants to come here and eat some food and sit down and tackle these five areas of ministry and get", "k3400cl3yIy-00470-00229800-00230008": "some brainstorming?\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00471-00230008-00230400": "That's a small group. That's a small group with a purpose.", "k3400cl3yIy-00472-00230400-00230900": "That's a small group that's sharing something that's real and all those people that will come to that, you know", "k3400cl3yIy-00473-00230900-00231300": "what? They'll be here because they want to.", "k3400cl3yIy-00474-00231300-00231800": "They want to be here. Now others may just have other commitments, other things. We get", "k3400cl3yIy-00475-00231800-00232300": "that, we're not... Just because I do something doesn't have to make somebody else feel guilty about it. I'm just", "k3400cl3yIy-00476-00232300-00232800": "saying the people that come to that, they're a legitimate small group, why? Because they have a common", "k3400cl3yIy-00477-00232800-00233200": "interest. They want to get things done. They want to try stuff. Great.", "k3400cl3yIy-00478-00233200-00233700": "And that's what he's saying. Small groups are", "k3400cl3yIy-00479-00233700-00234200": "designed to help members use their gifts, share their lives, minister to each other,", "k3400cl3yIy-00480-00234200-00234700": "pray and support each other. Schwartz says, \"...There's an enormous difference", "k3400cl3yIy-00481-00234700-00235100": "between church leaders discussing evangelism, and loving relationships, or gift oriented", "k3400cl3yIy-00482-00235100-00235600": "ministry in its staff meetings, and having Christians integrated", "k3400cl3yIy-00483-00235600-00236100": "into a small group and go through a process in which he", "k3400cl3yIy-00484-00236100-00236600": "or she actually experiences the meaning of these things in real terms within the", "k3400cl3yIy-00485-00236600-00236700": "confines of the group.\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00486-00236700-00237200": "So if the small group is just meeting to eat, that's one thing, but if the small group is meeting together", "k3400cl3yIy-00487-00237200-00237700": "in this instance to think about how can we evangelize? Who's got a good idea? And somebody comes up", "k3400cl3yIy-00488-00237700-00238100": "with an idea and oh everybody gets excited, everybody is on board. Well listen I'll do this, I'll do that,", "k3400cl3yIy-00489-00238100-00238600": "whatever. You should have seen our meeting when we talked about the health fair. Are you kidding", "k3400cl3yIy-00490-00238600-00239306": "me? People were so excited that a helicopter...we're going to have a helicopter in the parking lot!", "k3400cl3yIy-00491-00239306-00240004": "And then we told the elders and they said, \"You're going to have a what where?", "k3400cl3yIy-00492-00240004-00240500": "But they were for it, they were for it.", "k3400cl3yIy-00493-00240500-00241000": "So holistic small groups are not just a program, they're a way that the church can train", "k3400cl3yIy-00494-00241000-00241400": "people in ministry and develop leaders to plant new churches. As I said", "k3400cl3yIy-00495-00241400-00241900": "small groups are nothing new. The research simply points out that when these are", "k3400cl3yIy-00496-00241900-00242400": "used to mentor and minister to the saints, the overall church grows. You have that meeting", "k3400cl3yIy-00497-00242400-00242900": "Sunday night and you watch the growth that comes from that and because of that particular meeting.", "k3400cl3yIy-00498-00242900-00243400": "Characteristic number seven, we need to finish here. Growing churches", "k3400cl3yIy-00499-00243400-00243900": "practice need oriented evangelism.", "k3400cl3yIy-00500-00243900-00244500": "Research in this area revealed a lot of interesting facts. Oh some of you,", "k3400cl3yIy-00501-00244500-00244900": "please don't be angry. Now I'm going to say", "k3400cl3yIy-00502-00244900-00245500": "Not everybody has a gift or talent in the area of evangelism.", "k3400cl3yIy-00503-00245500-00246200": "Our mistake? We're trying to get 100 percent of the church to serve and evangelism.", "k3400cl3yIy-00504-00246200-00246700": "But only really about 10 percent of the church actually has a gift for evangelism. It's", "k3400cl3yIy-00505-00246700-00247200": "like, let me put it this way... It's like saying, \"OK 100 percent of the men", "k3400cl3yIy-00506-00247200-00247600": "in the congregation are all going to lead singing.\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00507-00247600-00247800": "Would we do a thing like that?", "k3400cl3yIy-00508-00247800-00248300": "Well, we recognize well some men have, I mean some women have great voices but because of", "k3400cl3yIy-00509-00248300-00248800": "our male spiritual leadership concept of the Bible, the men are the ones that lead", "k3400cl3yIy-00510-00248800-00249300": "the public worship. So OK, but 100 percent of the men leading worship.", "k3400cl3yIy-00511-00249300-00249802": "Oh man. That might not be a very good idea right? How about 100", "k3400cl3yIy-00512-00249802-00250200": "percent of the men get to preach?", "k3400cl3yIy-00513-00250200-00250500": "Maybe not. 100 percent of the men pray?", "k3400cl3yIy-00514-00250500-00251002": "Maybe not. 100 percent of the women teach", "k3400cl3yIy-00515-00251002-00251702": "the teenage girls. 100 percent of the women teach the teenage girls. Really?", "k3400cl3yIy-00516-00251702-00252502": "So why do we think 100 percent of the church ought to be serving in evangelism?", "k3400cl3yIy-00517-00252502-00252600": "Not everybody has the gift.", "k3400cl3yIy-00518-00252600-00253406": "I mean we're all responsible to share our faith, but not everybody has the gift of evangelism.", "k3400cl3yIy-00519-00253406-00254002": "And so what they discovered is that", "k3400cl3yIy-00520-00254002-00254300": "only 10 percent of each church were natural soul winners.", "k3400cl3yIy-00521-00254300-00254800": "It doesn't mean if you're not a natural soul winner, we're talking about the DVD. Just give", "k3400cl3yIy-00522-00254800-00255300": "it to somebody else. That's your...but somebody else who has a gift for it could say, \"You know", "k3400cl3yIy-00523-00255300-00255800": "what? Why don't you come on over to my house on Thursday night and I got this great little", "k3400cl3yIy-00524-00255800-00256300": "video here it's called 'Christianity for Beginners', I bet you that some interesting stuff that we can talk", "k3400cl3yIy-00525-00256300-00256906": "about together. So come on over make some coffee, blah blah blah.\" Is everybody like that?", "k3400cl3yIy-00526-00256906-00257404": "I'll tell you something OK? I'm not like that.", "k3400cl3yIy-00527-00257404-00257900": "I don't like too many strangers in my house. You know what I'm saying? It's a terrible thing to say mind", "k3400cl3yIy-00528-00257900-00258321": "you. Raised as an only child.", "k3400cl3yIy-00529-00258321-00259096": "It's cultural. It's ingrained I'm hardwired. I'd much prefer just being left alone.", "k3400cl3yIy-00530-00259096-00259400": "It doesn't come naturally to me to say to people, \"Everybody come on over.\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00531-00259400-00259998": "I don't want you over at my house. I want peace and quiet when I'm at my house.", "k3400cl3yIy-00532-00260000-00260600": "So I'm not the guy that's leading the charge to have barbecues. No no no.", "k3400cl3yIy-00533-00260600-00261000": "But we got people like that at church. Sunday night. Bobby's like that. We have", "k3400cl3yIy-00534-00261000-00261700": "boxing night at his house and we come on over. Let's go. Let's do it.", "k3400cl3yIy-00535-00261700-00262302": "Not everybody has the same gifts. Statistics show however", "k3400cl3yIy-00536-00262302-00262800": "that each member had about 8.5 contacts each. I don't know how that half of", "k3400cl3yIy-00537-00262800-00263300": "a contact turned out, but I guess it's a math problem. So each member,", "k3400cl3yIy-00538-00263300-00263800": "not each one who's gifted in evangelism, each member in the church has about,", "k3400cl3yIy-00539-00263800-00264300": "statistics show, about eight and a half contacts apiece. In other words people who", "k3400cl3yIy-00540-00264300-00264800": "are not believers, not members of the church. And they found that these", "k3400cl3yIy-00541-00264800-00265300": "were two factors that promoted growth in the church due to", "k3400cl3yIy-00542-00265300-00265900": "evangelism as opposed to growth by placing membership. First of all", "k3400cl3yIy-00543-00265900-00266300": "the leaders knew who were gifted in the area of evangelism", "k3400cl3yIy-00544-00266300-00266904": "and they made sure that these people were active in this area.", "k3400cl3yIy-00545-00266904-00267400": "Reember the whole idea? The leaders know who have the gifts, so they know who", "k3400cl3yIy-00546-00267400-00267902": "has the gift of evangelism. They provide them with resources to do their work.", "k3400cl3yIy-00547-00267902-00268300": "And then growing churches focused in", "k3400cl3yIy-00548-00268300-00268800": "evangelism, not making new friends or developing", "k3400cl3yIy-00549-00268800-00269200": "contacts with strangers, but rather concentrating on the 8.5", "k3400cl3yIy-00550-00269200-00269700": "contacts that each person already had. In other words, never mind doorknocking to people you", "k3400cl3yIy-00551-00269700-00270200": "don't know. Never mind coming up to strangers on the street, you", "k3400cl3yIy-00552-00270200-00270600": "already have 8.5 natural contacts that you know,", "k3400cl3yIy-00553-00270600-00271400": "growing churches focused on that", "k3400cl3yIy-00554-00271400-00272302": "because a person who knows you will be more prepared to listen to you than a stranger.", "k3400cl3yIy-00555-00272302-00272800": "So need oriented evangelism encourages each Christian to use their", "k3400cl3yIy-00556-00272800-00273300": "gifts and resources to serve non-Christians with whom they have a relationship", "k3400cl3yIy-00557-00273300-00273700": "and see to it that they hear the Gospel and have a connection to the local church.", "k3400cl3yIy-00558-00273700-00274200": "That's why we have a Sunday evening thing where we invite people. Hey, you don't need to come to the", "k3400cl3yIy-00559-00274200-00274600": "services, just come be with us. Get a little taste of what Christian", "k3400cl3yIy-00560-00274600-00275100": "fellowship is like and who we are and feel comfortable. Right? We've all got", "k3400cl3yIy-00561-00275100-00275500": "a couple of people we can invite to church.", "k3400cl3yIy-00562-00275500-00276000": "You use what you have to first serve and share the gospel with folks", "k3400cl3yIy-00563-00276000-00276500": "that you already know. To me that's a great comfort because so many people feel guilty because they're not", "k3400cl3yIy-00564-00276500-00276800": "out doorknocking.", "k3400cl3yIy-00565-00276800-00277300": "I mean if you got to heaven because you are a door knocker, man I wouldn't be going,", "k3400cl3yIy-00566-00277300-00277800": "but you know what? I found a way to do it. This is my way, the Internet. I found my way", "k3400cl3yIy-00567-00277800-00278100": "to do it. I'm still getting the message across", "k3400cl3yIy-00568-00278100-00278600": "and we get feedback. People write to us and we get letters and e-mails back from people who use our", "k3400cl3yIy-00569-00278600-00279700": "material. Thank you. God bless you. I'm sharing it with my husband or with my neighbor, whatever. That's great. That's terrific. That's what I can do.", "k3400cl3yIy-00570-00279700-00280200": "I'm not going to feel guilty about the stuff I can't do. I'm only going to feel guilty about the stuff", "k3400cl3yIy-00571-00280200-00280700": "that I can do but I don't do. See the difference? Because", "k3400cl3yIy-00572-00280700-00281200": "I know that this church belongs to God and if He wants to raise up a door", "k3400cl3yIy-00573-00281200-00281702": "knocker, He'll do it because it is not going to be me.", "k3400cl3yIy-00574-00281702-00282200": "If He wants to raise up a good teacher for the third grade kids, He will", "k3400cl3yIy-00575-00282200-00282500": "raise up that person, that person will be found.", "k3400cl3yIy-00576-00282500-00283000": "Alright last thing. All growing churches had an", "k3400cl3yIy-00577-00283000-00283400": "abundance of loving relationships. Growing churches, they have a high love", "k3400cl3yIy-00578-00283400-00284000": "quotient. Declining churches have a low love quotient.", "k3400cl3yIy-00579-00284000-00284500": "Does this seem strange to us that the God of love would", "k3400cl3yIy-00580-00284500-00284904": "be worshiped by a church of love?", "k3400cl3yIy-00581-00284904-00285404": "Would it be biblical if we called our church the Ponca City church of love?", "k3400cl3yIy-00582-00285404-00285606": "Would that be true?", "k3400cl3yIy-00583-00285606-00285902": "Might be weird.", "k3400cl3yIy-00584-00285902-00286400": "The research showed over and over again that a loving church is more powerful than an", "k3400cl3yIy-00585-00286400-00287004": "evangelistic church or a busy church or a church that \"holds the truth.\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00586-00287004-00287500": "When I go home, I go by a certain street and there's a sign there. OK?", "k3400cl3yIy-00587-00287500-00288102": "And on that sign it says \"the disciples of truth\" with an arrow up the street.", "k3400cl3yIy-00588-00288102-00288344": "Imagine saying that we're the disciples of truth.", "k3400cl3yIy-00589-00288344-00288800": "We're the only ones that have this this truth. Now don't get me wrong the church needs to", "k3400cl3yIy-00590-00288800-00289300": "evangelize, it needs to minister, it needs to speak the truth, but Paul the", "k3400cl3yIy-00591-00289300-00289800": "Apostle says, \"the goal of our instruction is love from a pure", "k3400cl3yIy-00592-00289800-00290300": "heart and a good conscience and a sincere faith.\" You hear that? The goal,", "k3400cl3yIy-00593-00290300-00290700": "what we're shooting for in what we teach people, is that people", "k3400cl3yIy-00594-00290700-00291300": "have love from a pure heart and a good conscience.", "k3400cl3yIy-00595-00291300-00291800": "So if a church claims to be evangelistic or busy and the pillar of the", "k3400cl3yIy-00596-00291800-00292200": "truth, but is deficient in love then there is something missing. There are some teaching or", "k3400cl3yIy-00597-00292200-00292700": "attitude that is incorrect, because where the Spirit of Christ is, there is", "k3400cl3yIy-00598-00292700-00293100": "love. People come to Christ and His", "k3400cl3yIy-00599-00293100-00293600": "church because of the gospel and because of", "k3400cl3yIy-00600-00293600-00294102": "ministry and teaching but I'll tell you brothers and sisters people stay in the body", "k3400cl3yIy-00601-00294102-00294502": "because of love.", "k3400cl3yIy-00602-00294502-00294800": "So when I was 30 years old I had been on the road for two years.", "k3400cl3yIy-00603-00294800-00295300": "When I mean on the road, I mean wandering around, traveling around by bus, by train", "k3400cl3yIy-00604-00295300-00295800": "across Canada, down to the United States looking at different religious things, not working and", "k3400cl3yIy-00605-00295800-00296202": "working odd jobs.", "k3400cl3yIy-00606-00296202-00296600": "And I told you my story, I went to this church that said", "k3400cl3yIy-00607-00296600-00296900": "sinners are welcome at the Church of Christ and that", "k3400cl3yIy-00608-00296900-00297400": "that was interesting. I read the article. Jesus loves sinners, so on and so forth and I", "k3400cl3yIy-00609-00297400-00297900": "went. I checked it out. Oh you should've seen me. I don't know if you would've really liked me if I", "k3400cl3yIy-00610-00297900-00298400": "came into your church then, 35, 36 years ago", "k3400cl3yIy-00611-00298400-00298900": "because I walked in, I had jeans, a jean jacket, a black shirt, sunglasses, cigarettes in my pocket", "k3400cl3yIy-00612-00299200-00299700": "and I sat in the back. I hated the music. I hated the music.", "k3400cl3yIy-00613-00299700-00299800": "I mean really.", "k3400cl3yIy-00614-00299800-00300300": "Not the words, the music, because I like jazz. I still do. You know Brubeck and", "k3400cl3yIy-00615-00300300-00300800": "Davis and all these guys, that's who I like, you know. So I go in and I hear the music.", "k3400cl3yIy-00616-00300800-00301100": "What a friend we have in Jesus.", "k3400cl3yIy-00617-00301100-00301600": "Country and western music.", "k3400cl3yIy-00618-00301600-00302100": "No no. I am not making fun of the words mind you, but the", "k3400cl3yIy-00619-00302100-00302800": "music is just, it's country and western, that's what it is and the way it was being sung, I despised it,", "k3400cl3yIy-00620-00302800-00303300": "but here's the thing. So I walk in, not too sure of what's", "k3400cl3yIy-00621-00303300-00303800": "going on and this lady comes up to me and her name is", "k3400cl3yIy-00622-00303800-00304202": "******Hemsey Brown. Hemsey Brown from Jamaica", "k3400cl3yIy-00623-00304202-00304802": "and she says you come over here and sit next to me son and I'm sitting next to her and", "k3400cl3yIy-00624-00304802-00305300": "she took out the song book and showed me the song and she said, \"They're not", "k3400cl3yIy-00625-00305300-00305700": "all like this. So we have other kinds of songs,\" and then when they had the communion she says, \"Now", "k3400cl3yIy-00626-00305700-00306300": "the trays are going to come around and if you want you know you can take the bread and", "k3400cl3yIy-00627-00306300-00306802": "and then it'll come around again\" and she sat there with me and then she handed me a little", "k3400cl3yIy-00628-00306802-00307410": "bulletin so I can kind of follow along and then it was all over", "k3400cl3yIy-00629-00307410-00307800": "and she gave me a hug and she said, \"So", "k3400cl3yIy-00630-00307800-00308130": "When you come back?\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00631-00308130-00308904": "\"Maybe,\" I said. \"OK,\" she said, \"I'll be here.\"", "k3400cl3yIy-00632-00308904-00309300": "And she was. My first contact", "k3400cl3yIy-00633-00309300-00309800": "In the church of Christ. A divorced nurse,", "k3400cl3yIy-00634-00309800-00310300": "mother of three, Jamaican lady who had this nice", "k3400cl3yIy-00635-00310300-00311200": "singsong way of talking.", "k3400cl3yIy-00636-00311200-00311400": "No love,", "k3400cl3yIy-00637-00311400-00312000": "no growth, because when people come to you,", "k3400cl3yIy-00638-00312000-00312502": "they're not looking for theology. They're looking for love.", "k3400cl3yIy-00639-00312502-00313000": "That little girl who's got two kids that her husband dumped her and now she's got to make ends meet and", "k3400cl3yIy-00640-00313000-00313400": "she's tired all the time and then somebody invites her to church and so on and so forth,", "k3400cl3yIy-00641-00313400-00313900": "do you think she cares for one minute, for one single minute do you", "k3400cl3yIy-00642-00313900-00314500": "think she cares that we don't use instruments in our worship? You think she cares about that?", "k3400cl3yIy-00643-00314500-00315000": "You think she cares about male spiritual leadership or that we", "k3400cl3yIy-00644-00315000-00315602": "were a New Testament...you think she really cares about any of that?", "k3400cl3yIy-00645-00315602-00316100": "The only thing she cares about is \"are these people going to love me? Are", "k3400cl3yIy-00646-00316100-00316300": "they going to accept me?", "k3400cl3yIy-00647-00316300-00316900": "I've got a blown up marriage. I've got two kids, and you know what? These two kids, I've had them by different men", "k3400cl3yIy-00648-00316900-00317500": "and one is kind of black and the other one is white. Are they going to love me?", "k3400cl3yIy-00649-00317500-00317902": "Can I find a spot here for me?", "k3400cl3yIy-00650-00317902-00318500": "And she'll be able to tell by your faces. She'll be able to tell. She'll know.", "k3400cl3yIy-00651-00318500-00319000": "There'll be time to teach the Word, absolutely, and there'll be time to explain why we", "k3400cl3yIy-00652-00319000-00319400": "do the things the way we do them and there'll be time to answer the question, \"You know. I noticed that it's just", "k3400cl3yIy-00653-00319400-00320202": "men that go up there to pray and to do... Why is that?\" There'll be time for that.", "k3400cl3yIy-00654-00320202-00320700": "But if there's no love, I guarantee you there will be no time", "k3400cl3yIy-00655-00320700-00321200": "to teach. So growing churches.", "k3400cl3yIy-00656-00321200-00321700": "Growing churches are churches of love. So there", "k3400cl3yIy-00657-00321700-00322200": "they are the eight essential characteristics for growing churches, principles that can be applied to any church,", "k3400cl3yIy-00658-00322200-00322630": "anywhere. I could preach this sermon anywhere. They're biblically", "k3400cl3yIy-00659-00322630-00323100": "based. They have been statistically proven through the most extensive survey ever", "k3400cl3yIy-00660-00323100-00323606": "conducted on church growth. There they are all eight of them:", "k3400cl3yIy-00661-00323606-00324000": "Empowering leadership. Gift oriented ministry. Passionate spirituality.", "k3400cl3yIy-00662-00324000-00324500": "Functional structures. Inspiring worship. Holistic small groups. Need", "k3400cl3yIy-00663-00324500-00325000": "oriented evangelism and Loving relationships. Now most", "k3400cl3yIy-00664-00325000-00325500": "churches have some or all of these characteristics to a greater degree.", "k3400cl3yIy-00665-00325500-00326000": "The point of the research was that growing churches had all of these and they had", "k3400cl3yIy-00666-00326000-00326500": "them in abundance. So the invitation  for this lesson", "k3400cl3yIy-00667-00326500-00327000": "is not repent and be baptized, not preaching the gospel. The", "k3400cl3yIy-00668-00327000-00327600": "invitation is \"Do you want to be a growing congregation?\" And if you do,", "k3400cl3yIy-00669-00327600-00328100": "this, these are the principles that you have to cultivate", "k3400cl3yIy-00670-00328100-00328600": "and this the pattern, is the structure, that you need", "k3400cl3yIy-00671-00328600-00329100": "to be based on. You combine these two things, there'll be nothing stopping you,", "k3400cl3yIy-00672-00329100-00329600": "nothing at all. This will be a leadership church. People will be coming here to watch what you do."}}]