diff --git "a/data/en005/text/00000041.json" "b/data/en005/text/00000041.json" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/data/en005/text/00000041.json" @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +[{"audio_id": "my22ZxSgfo0", "text": {"my22ZxSgfo0-00000-00000014-00000064": "Yeah", "my22ZxSgfo0-00001-00000064-00000262": "Down the street in those", "my22ZxSgfo0-00002-00000262-00000478": "You are", "my22ZxSgfo0-00003-00000478-00000670": "Who you wear. It's true"}}, {"audio_id": "my2M28PjfkQ", "text": {"my2M28PjfkQ-00000-00000000-00000200": "Spužva Bob Skockani💥Sponge Bob Square Pants 😜"}}, {"audio_id": "mynnjmRW4bo", "text": {"mynnjmRW4bo-00000-00000834-00001386": "Major vehicle exchange presents 2017 Dodge Grand Caravan Braun Ability Conversion Wheelchair", "mynnjmRW4bo-00001-00001386-00001524": "van For Sale.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00002-00001524-00001789": "Stock number A 4 9 8 7.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00003-00001789-00002336": "This used wheelchair van for sale has an accident free clean title one owner autocheck report.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00004-00002336-00002738": "It can accomodate up to 4 passengers plus driver and one wheelchair position and is", "mynnjmRW4bo-00005-00002738-00003155": "ready for immediate delivery anywhere across the USA & Canada.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00006-00003155-00003637": "MAJOR VEHICLE EXCHANGE HAS a GREAT SELECTION of MORE THAN 45 RECONDITIONED BUSES AND WHEELCHAIR", "mynnjmRW4bo-00007-00003637-00004233": "VANS FOR CHURCH, SHUTTLE SERVICE, SENIOR SERVICE, MEDICAL AMBULETTE, TRANSPORTATION AND PERSONAL", "mynnjmRW4bo-00008-00004233-00004342": "USE.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00009-00004342-00004578": "It IS IN EXCELLENT CONDITION BOTH INSIDE AND OUT.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00010-00004578-00005086": "On the road performance is nice and straight and the suspension also feels great.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00011-00005086-00005468": "This van is READY TO HIT THE ROAD and HAS BEEN JUST SERVICED & CHECKED OUT.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00012-00005468-00005789": "The van runs and drives with no mechanical issues.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00013-00005789-00006142": "It is well built with many options and superior quality.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00014-00006142-00006575": "This wheelchair van is for the person, family or medical transportation operator looking", "mynnjmRW4bo-00015-00006575-00006954": "for the best condition lowest mileage wheelchair van we have to offer.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00016-00006954-00007392": "The van is extremely clean and was just detailed from bumper to bumper.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00017-00007392-00007805": "It is Perfect for city driving and long trips with features like cruise control and economy", "mynnjmRW4bo-00018-00007805-00007905": "mode.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00019-00007905-00008355": "Its 5 Speed Automatic transmission with overdrive shifts smoothly without hesitation and the", "mynnjmRW4bo-00020-00008355-00008584": "drive train feels like new.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00021-00008584-00009063": "This handicap conversion features a side manual wheelchair ramp for easy wheelchair access.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00022-00009063-00009705": "It has 3.6L V6 triton gas engine and its operation is smooth, powerful and fuel efficient due", "mynnjmRW4bo-00023-00009705-00009913": "to the front wheel drive!", "mynnjmRW4bo-00024-00009913-00010295": "This wheelchair van for sale has numerous features like.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00025-00010295-00010531": "MANUAL WHEELCHAIR SIDE RAMP.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00026-00010531-00010963": "Both rear side doors are power and can slide open at the touch of a button.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00027-00010963-00011208": "power windows and power door locks.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00028-00011208-00011393": "power heated mirrors.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00029-00011393-00011680": "13,701 miles.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00030-00011680-00011936": "PREMIUM SOUND SYSTEM WITH CD.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00031-00011936-00012175": "BACKUP CAMERA & SENSORS.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00032-00012175-00012367": "FRONT AND REAR AIR CONDITIONING.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00033-00012367-00012553": "Every option works on this van.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00034-00012553-00012653": "dual climate controls.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00035-00012653-00012771": "Interior OVERHEAD LIGHTING.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00036-00012771-00013320": "And finally the tires are in excellent condition with a substantial amount of the tread remaining.", "mynnjmRW4bo-00037-00013320-00013848": "For more information on our wheelchair vans for sale on craigslist visit www dot get any", "mynnjmRW4bo-00038-00013848-00014401": "bus dot com and call charlie at 516-333-7483 today!"}}, {"audio_id": "myCQ4Q77bfc", "text": {"myCQ4Q77bfc-00000-00003320-00003549": "How do we learn a new language?", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00001-00003581-00003769": "In classes.", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00002-00003769-00003908": "From books.", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00003-00003916-00004482": "With phone apps and audio.", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00004-00004691-00005048": "With human conversation partners.", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00005-00005096-00005734": "What if language learning happened in Virtual Reality? With life-like virtual characters?", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00006-00008504-00008699": "VR is improving fast,", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00007-00008699-00008884": "creating realistic environments,", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00008-00008884-00009176": "where you can move around, touch virtual items,", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00009-00009176-00009283": "and interact.", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00010-00009496-00009928": "Meanwhile, chat bots are getting better at simulating a human conversation,", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00011-00009928-00010304": "so instead of your course mates, you could practice speaking with human-like", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00012-00010304-00010648": "chat bots to give you a sense of talking to native speakers", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00013-00010968-00011328": "but you wouldn't get nervous or feel embarrassed, when you make mistakes in grammar", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00014-00011328-00011532": "or pronunciation.", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00015-00011532-00012000": "Artificial intelligence could adapt to your learning pace. You would always feel", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00016-00012000-00012264": "challenged, but never overwhelmed.", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00017-00012264-00012615": "The characters could happily repeat words at your pace.", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00018-00012615-00012925": "They'd never get bored.", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00019-00012925-00013509": "Would the practice gained in VR give you the confidence to speak in real life?", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00020-00013584-00014060": "Would you try learning a new language this way?", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00021-00014184-00014552": "Would you approve using your language learning data for improving the software?", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00022-00014872-00014922": "While virtual reality can diversify, enhance and personalize our learning", "myCQ4Q77bfc-00023-00014922-00015923": "experience, is it worth it allowing VR to substitute our real-life experiences?"}}, {"audio_id": "mycA8_h79eo", "text": {"mycA8_h79eo-00000-00000882-00000982": "Yes, very surprised.", "mycA8_h79eo-00001-00000982-00001303": "It was a lot more expensive than I thought it was going to be.", "mycA8_h79eo-00002-00001303-00001500": "For lack of a better word flabbergasted.", "mycA8_h79eo-00003-00001500-00001843": "Yeah when I first started I was definitely surprised.", "mycA8_h79eo-00004-00001843-00002127": "I didn’t expect to pay that much for a single book.", "mycA8_h79eo-00005-00002127-00003022": "As a science major they’re really really expensive and they’re worth almost nothing", "mycA8_h79eo-00006-00003022-00003445": "when you try and sell them back.", "mycA8_h79eo-00007-00003445-00003654": "Sometimes I don’t unless I know that a big project deals with that textbook.", "mycA8_h79eo-00008-00003654-00003928": "I only buy them if I really really need the book.", "mycA8_h79eo-00009-00003928-00004112": "When I was a freshman I did.", "mycA8_h79eo-00010-00004112-00004614": "I don’t sometimes because the prices are a little hefty.", "mycA8_h79eo-00011-00004614-00005028": "If I had to buy them myself I don’t think I’d be able to afford like any of them but", "mycA8_h79eo-00012-00005028-00005262": "I do just because my parents buy them for me.", "mycA8_h79eo-00013-00005262-00006142": "I’ve learned to kind of wait a week or two before I actually buy it.", "mycA8_h79eo-00014-00006142-00006251": "One hundred dollars.", "mycA8_h79eo-00015-00006251-00006487": "One hundred and fifty dollars.", "mycA8_h79eo-00016-00006487-00006631": "Almost two hundred dollars.", "mycA8_h79eo-00017-00006631-00007214": "Two hundred dollars I think and that’s part of the access code thing.", "mycA8_h79eo-00018-00007214-00007600": "Probably as close to three hundred dollars for a chemistry textbook.", "mycA8_h79eo-00019-00007600-00008342": "Three hundred and sixty dollars for an access code.", "mycA8_h79eo-00020-00008342-00009097": "With my English class I had to buy too many books and I ran out of money.", "mycA8_h79eo-00021-00009097-00009600": "It’s made it difficult because one, you have the stress of getting the money to get", "mycA8_h79eo-00022-00009600-00009700": "the book for the class.", "mycA8_h79eo-00023-00009700-00010188": "I think college teaches you to be resourceful so even if I didn’t have it I would look.", "mycA8_h79eo-00024-00010188-00010827": "I try really hard to get the notes from someone or at least like photocopy the book if I can’t", "mycA8_h79eo-00025-00010827-00011068": "afford it.", "mycA8_h79eo-00026-00011068-00011359": "I like shop around a lot like Chegg and Amazon.", "mycA8_h79eo-00027-00011359-00011729": "I try to get all my textbooks from online like Amazon or Chegg.", "mycA8_h79eo-00028-00011729-00011986": "Well, I don’t buy them.", "mycA8_h79eo-00029-00011986-00012089": "Let’s see…", "mycA8_h79eo-00030-00012089-00012363": "I’ll try to look it up on the internet or Amazon.", "mycA8_h79eo-00031-00012363-00012634": "I get them from Amazon.", "mycA8_h79eo-00032-00012634-00012854": "I go on Amazon.", "mycA8_h79eo-00033-00012854-00013207": "Usually I’ll reach out to friends especially within my major if they’ve had the book", "mycA8_h79eo-00034-00013207-00013459": "in the past and maybe borrow it from them.", "mycA8_h79eo-00035-00013459-00013902": "Or go online to websites and just see if they have it cheaper."}}, {"audio_id": "mz7FPCfdgr0", "text": {"mz7FPCfdgr0-00000-00002543-00003169": "Because when we talk of cultural learning yes, it is really quite great that I sit here, and [I] read something about Germany", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00001-00003169-00003397": "And [yeah], and so what?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00002-00003486-00003934": "Anybody can read it but now when you go, and you leave the realities. It's different.", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00003-00003935-00004265": "[I] know that the team from Berlin, the most have come to Cameroon,", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00004-00004265-00004498": "They have their own stories about [cameroon] [or] that they can write", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00005-00006430-00006630": "Yeah, this cooperation started", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00006-00006736-00006969": "within my volunteer year in Germany in Berlin", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00007-00006969-00007724": "[I] was a volunteer in the Weltwärts-program at Solidaritätsdienst International or in English \"solidarity service international\"", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00008-00007789-00008516": "And a developmental aid organization based in Berlin. So, for this period of one year, I was in a group called Draufsicht.", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00009-00008539-00009312": "which [probably] in English loosely translates as \"panoramic view\". The videos or the topics that we discussed at times were quite mind-tickling.", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00010-00009331-00009602": "That gave me the Vision that,", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00011-00009670-00010113": "Oh. Yeah, if this also was done in cameroon, in my country,", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00012-00010113-00010826": "I think many people will use the local solutions around them to solve some global problems", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00013-00010834-00011463": "So I discussed it with Carla Penderock, the project manager at SODI and with my mentor Daniel Weyand,", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00014-00011463-00011757": "and we discussed this together how it could work and", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00015-00011821-00012158": "Yeah, they were really quite optimistic and said yeah, let's try it.", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00016-00013496-00013873": "Well, Godlove and I know each other from the Weltwärts-Freiwilligendienst", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00018-00014304-00014935": "Before he went back to Cameroon after his one year in Germany he decided to to", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00019-00014976-00015709": "present to Saudi and me and our colleagues and the idea of starting a group here and", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00020-00015756-00016097": "Amanda and we [saw] that that's great great idea", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00021-00016148-00016870": "And it happened just so soon then I could even expect because just six months of time into into Germany the corporation is already big", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00022-00016870-00017077": "that we have eight young", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00023-00017118-00017804": "Talented people coming from Germany to join those [Inba] Mendes so that we could like walk on the corporation and also", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00024-00017834-00018157": "Empower Ourselves, and as well as walk on the moon", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00025-00018257-00018457": "intercultural learning yeah", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00026-00020090-00020290": "Yeah, so far", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00027-00020342-00021036": "working for me really had met on several occasions of plan so they are coming to cameroon and the [hud] seminars on the", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00028-00021170-00021901": "expectations and the rest and the [Iraqi] on the 25th of March 2017 orientational airport", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00029-00022343-00022770": "and from there, we move to Tube Amanda and welcome with the", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00030-00024377-00024577": "drama", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00031-00025146-00025346": "for a long time", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00032-00025798-00025998": "Three [Golden] [Line]", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00033-00026035-00026235": "the first is to", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00034-00026263-00026835": "actually get to know each other to get to know the team and also to get to know like this whole", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00035-00027010-00027365": "Culture reality here in Cameroon to know what we're talking about", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00036-00027388-00028010": "Basically and also for the team in the meander to get to know us and know like just know our faces and [everything]", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00037-00029410-00029610": "the cooperation", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00038-00029616-00029819": "Like so far I think", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00039-00029875-00030600": "We made a very [good] experience with the people here. We are having a lot of fun and also", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00040-00030666-00030866": "Many people are joining", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00041-00030904-00031045": "like", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00042-00031045-00031325": "Also, I think people here they have [their]", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00043-00031389-00031589": "Works or they go to university?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00044-00031608-00031791": "Still a lot of people joining", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00045-00031791-00032166": "the project and also the teams are mixing up, so", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00046-00032206-00032679": "We have Germans and convenient and wanting. I really like that and", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00047-00032739-00032902": "now we", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00048-00032902-00033422": "Decided to all like all of the people and invite you to live in the same house", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00049-00033475-00033827": "also that helps to like make the team stronger", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00050-00033910-00034526": "We are just getting to know each other getting to know our partners from Amanda. Why they are getting to us from Berlin and", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00051-00034591-00034802": "It's amazing how many things we've done together", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00052-00035128-00035507": "[the] second goal was to work on video [projects] together", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00053-00035521-00036197": "and I mean that's probably the most important thing [that] we want to do with this project you to produce films and", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00054-00036235-00036671": "Films on global issues that that can create some kind of impact", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00055-00038402-00038977": "voltage project the film [is] [a] kind of cooperation project between", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00056-00039146-00039819": "Filmmakers from Germany and those from Cameroon and they always come together from time to time to make them about the society the", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00057-00039839-00040330": "evolution of society and this time when they came they decided to make them about", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00058-00040466-00041059": "Issues that are going [into] Africa and cameroon in particular especially the camera society yeah", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00059-00041096-00041409": "like We have film about the", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00060-00041504-00041734": "disposition of West in the native", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00061-00041837-00042409": "America see have a film about polygamy which I'm directly involved a cinematographer", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00062-00042845-00043045": "Yeah, yeah", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00063-00043127-00043327": "[mobile] mentoring we want to", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00064-00043475-00043905": "Do it like to give a little picture of?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00065-00044087-00044287": "reality second we", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00066-00044321-00044468": "have to", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00067-00044468-00045009": "Adopt a new Lifestyle which kept me out of this the Daily routines", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00068-00045149-00045349": "during the project at the beginning", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00069-00045452-00045647": "We need to sit down", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00070-00045647-00046096": "Talk from 10:00 to 10:00 so that we always get to know this kind of high level", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00071-00046130-00046549": "communication so that I say something and somebody who is not from my", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00072-00046601-00047128": "Setting understand what I'm saying precisely so that we don't always like I said it", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00073-00047128-00047382": "I [say] one thing and somebody takes me for another thing", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00074-00047383-00047830": "I mean, I don't also get to understand somebody when you're going to speak to me", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00075-00047830-00048040": "I think those are watch a linguist on the field", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00076-00048780-00049303": "You know I also think there's some kind of sometimes we have some kind of cultural", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00077-00049443-00049703": "misunderstanding today, we're going to interview an", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00078-00049770-00050374": "Instrumentalist, and we thought he was playing jazz band is that you baby", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00079-00050472-00050911": "[toy] dog jazz music. Yeah, but it's just an instrument", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00080-00051057-00051545": "For egg music yeah yeah, [I] didn't know that till yesterday evening", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00081-00051545-00051886": "So it's just sometimes yes, I miss understanding", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00082-00053559-00053759": "What I understand cheryl", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00083-00053829-00054239": "Definitely can be overcome because if at the beginning, we haven't worked before", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00084-00054288-00054661": "so things we are working for the first time we have to understand and the", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00085-00054687-00055309": "Difficulties issue on Faith and the understanding of each and every person once it's already understood ourselves", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00086-00055310-00055727": "Then definitely we can work together and we overcome the struggle and the beginning", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00087-00057052-00057372": "Yeah, I think one of the things I learned is that", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00088-00057676-00058188": "generally you [have] to communicate very clear if you're working in a team, but now since we're", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00089-00058289-00058564": "Yeah, people from two different cultures", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00090-00058564-00059271": "It's even more important to communicate very clear and also switching up the road so everyone can", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00091-00059432-00059655": "Take over different positions. I", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00092-00059920-00060279": "Mean we are we are all learning that I?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00093-00060404-00060751": "Love this there. There's no one here. You can say I am", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00094-00060920-00061326": "I'm the expert so as we we're all learning by doing", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00095-00063066-00063395": "Despite their challenges. I can say that I think they will be happy", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00096-00063447-00064022": "Every team should be happy with what they've done because first of all they're proud that [they've] spent three weeks doing something it was wonderful", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00097-00064039-00064185": "in itself", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00098-00064185-00064526": "Apart from the fact that they may be sat by the challenges encountered", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00099-00064526-00065029": "But the fact that they overcame these challenges is what made everyone special", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00100-00066458-00066694": "and the third goal [was] to", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00101-00066801-00067151": "Get to work on this cooperation together because yeah", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00102-00067151-00067666": "That's that's also reason why we went here so quickly because we didn't want to come up with a plan for this", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00103-00067692-00068174": "Just God love and the team in Germany, but we wanted to include all of", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00104-00068235-00068939": "The members of college I mean now now. It's not just south East Berlin. It's also office tremendous, so everyone should have a say and", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00105-00069107-00069475": "This is why we didn't only work on the videos here", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00106-00069510-00070070": "But also on the project cooperation and what what we want the office to be in the future?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00107-00070155-00070293": "so", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00108-00070293-00070544": "maybe everyone could begin with", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00109-00070617-00070817": "asking themselves the question", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00110-00070842-00070982": "was is my", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00111-00070982-00071347": "Personal goal, what are my goals for me in this group?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00112-00071348-00071989": "[what] do I want to achieve in this group in this project with the cooperation between [Demanda] and", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00113-00072069-00072269": "Berlin", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00114-00072510-00072902": "Icinga I learned in the whole process is that", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00115-00073041-00073241": "besides the", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00116-00073326-00073948": "Cameroon approach certain [Society] [are] [two] [different] global issues I can also", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00117-00074108-00074629": "kind of Employ the European approach to it because I learn", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00118-00074751-00075427": "To separate ways of approach how you can tackle problems from this angle and how you can tackle the same problem from another?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00119-00075444-00075817": "Angle so that if you don't find a solution to it from this", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00120-00075849-00076231": "From this point of [view] and you employed it the other point of view", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00121-00076281-00076732": "Definitely, you can still have a possible solution to the global problem", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00122-00076913-00077365": "Agreement. You don't like you to look I think we should do this. I certainly wanted", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00123-00077472-00077594": "and it's", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00124-00077594-00078205": "The only way to look into the future which of the world is it to call corporations?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00125-00078255-00078875": "Because we are getting more and more interconnected every day and this is the solution to the next world", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00126-00078954-00079288": "[such] a cooperation is good because it is giving young people", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00127-00079313-00079990": "From one part of the world and young people from another part of the world to get together to see things differently, so", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00128-00080675-00080875": "[it's] really quite a blend of", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00129-00080916-00081093": "so many", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00130-00081093-00081526": "Heads and so many minds that are really coming together to form this tonight", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00131-00081526-00081925": "And that's why we in the this case don't really look in", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00132-00081977-00082453": "we don't believe in maybe ideas that are I will say African or", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00133-00082493-00082966": "Eurocentric ideas or afraid [Afro] [centric] ideas we believe in global ideas?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00134-00083316-00083831": "[I] really hope that this cooperation will continue after our stay here in cameroon", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00135-00083850-00084319": "[I] think we lay the groundwork [for] that", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00136-00084372-00084952": "During our visit here. We got the opportunity to talk [about] what this project and", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00137-00085011-00085222": "Can be and should be for both?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00138-00085283-00085457": "teams here in", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00139-00085457-00085657": "Cameroon and also back in Germany I", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00140-00085962-00086233": "Guess this trip was so important because now", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00141-00086333-00086971": "We kind of like know each other better, and we know what what the different realities are?", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00142-00087026-00087158": "here and", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00143-00087158-00087324": "everyone feels more like", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00144-00087324-00088060": "This is something that belongs to us as a whole group you know and and and I think all of us want to", "mz7FPCfdgr0-00145-00088122-00088738": "Continue with this and want to further develop it so yes, I think we're definitely going to keep going"}}, {"audio_id": "mzkz2NHPRFU", "text": {"mzkz2NHPRFU-00000-00000003-00000395": "Want to make them an offer they can't refuse? Today I'm going to share six", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00001-00000395-00000681": "steps to make your offer seem irresistible!", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00002-00000681-00001907": "So get ready.. here we go! I'm Lisa Kelly Lakeland Homes and Lifestyles with", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00003-00001907-00002360": "Premier Realty. I'm here every single Monday with a new video to help you make", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00004-00002360-00002786": "smart decisions when buying or selling a house And sometimes I just talk about", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00005-00002786-00003165": "what's hot and what's not in the Greater Lakeland area, so if you'd like to know", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00006-00003165-00003539": "when my next video is published just hit the subscribe button and make sure you", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00007-00003539-00003905": "hit the little red bell...The more intentional you are when making an offer", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00008-00003905-00004389": "the better your chances of creating the winning bid so make an offer like a Boss", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00009-00004389-00004928": "by following these six steps: Hopefully you've chosen a seasoned realtor who you", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00010-00004928-00005357": "can trust to give you solid advice on contractual terms contingencies and", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00011-00005357-00005957": "price. But it's you who ultimately decides how much to offer. This is the", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00012-00005957-00006417": "time to focus on your lifestyle \"Musts\", meaning if you're saving for retirement", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00013-00006417-00006947": "or like to take three week vacations to Europe every year , have a top limit price", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00014-00006947-00007404": "and stick to it! Maybe you want to raise a herd of alpacas and paint your house", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00015-00007404-00007803": "polkadot purple.. just make sure the HOA allows you to do the things that are", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00016-00007803-00008277": "important to you. ..If a dog community is important to you make sure your 120", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00017-00008277-00008636": "pound German Shepherd will be welcomed. HaHa, now I know these examples are a little", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00018-00008636-00009129": "extreme, but you get the idea..You know your financial and lifestyle limits", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00019-00009129-00009564": "stick to them! The first thing that seller looks at on your offer is the", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00020-00009564-00009915": "amount of the purchase price the second thing they're looking at is how much", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00021-00009915-00010257": "you're putting down. Essentially, they're looking to see how much skin you're", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00022-00010257-00010739": "putting into the game. Of course cash is king!, but if you're financing, your seller", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00023-00010739-00011132": "is going to be looking at the amount that you're putting down. This indicates", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00024-00011132-00012177": "to the seller how strong you are financially. For example, say you received two offers same price same terms and both were financing but one offer is", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00025-00012177-00012711": "going FHA financing which is only 3.5% down the other one's going conventional", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00026-00012711-00013259": "which could be up to 20% down. The seller might be apt to take the conventional", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00027-00013259-00013576": "loan offer. Don't worry.. hang in there with me", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00028-00013576-00013927": "because I am going to tell you how you could still have the winning bid without", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00029-00013927-00014356": "having the strongest form of financing. Before I forget to tell you later,", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00030-00014356-00014769": "below in the description you're gonna find a link to my new 2020 buyer's guide.", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00031-00014769-00015151": "In it you're going find loads of information and money-saving tips that will", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00032-00015151-00015559": "get you through the entire buying process. So check it out!...Part of your", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00033-00015559-00016000": "purchase offer is going to include an earnest money deposit. This has nothing", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00034-00016000-00016383": "to do with your down payment and you'll get credit for this amount at closing.", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00035-00016383-00016915": "Show the seller you mean business!, Deposit like a BOSS! Instead of the", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00036-00016915-00017488": "typical 1% that most people deposit, show the seller at least 5% deposit,if you", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00037-00017488-00017839": "have it. For example if you're purchasing a two hundred and fifty thousand dollar", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00038-00017839-00018148": "home, that's going to be a deposit of twelve thousand five hundred dollars.", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00039-00018148-00018481": "Essentially you're telling the seller that you're putting your money where", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00040-00018481-00019069": "your mouth is!! This speaks volumes in a seller's mind. I also use a strategy that", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00041-00019069-00019540": "most sellers never expect. If you'd like to learn more about my top secret weapon;", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00042-00019540-00019906": "and it's a good one!, you'll want to check out my earlier video. It has all the", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00043-00019906-00020503": "details. Make your offer as clean as possible with as few contingencies as", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00044-00020503-00021034": "possible. Contingencies are contractual provisions that must be met in order for", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00045-00021034-00021379": "the transaction to move forward and close, like...Your offer might be", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00046-00021379-00021723": "contingent on a home inspection and if this is going to be your primary", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00047-00021723-00022198": "residence you never want to waive your right to a home inspection. However you", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00048-00022198-00022669": "can make your offer appear stronger than your competitors. Impress the seller", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00049-00022669-00023095": "with a shorter inspection period. Your Realtor should be able to facilitate", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00050-00023095-00023515": "this for you by making sure your inspector can be scheduled immediately", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00051-00023515-00024007": "and also have quick negotiations if there's any repairs needed..The one", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00052-00024007-00024476": "contingency that always makes sellers cringe is to see a home sale contingency.", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00053-00024476-00025009": "If you have to sell your existing home in order to buy the new home make this", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00054-00025009-00025681": "contingency as sweet as possible. Timing is crucial here! It's best to have your", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00055-00025681-00026097": "current home under contract and the home inspection and appraisals out of the way", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00056-00026097-00026569": "so you can show the seller that you have already passed the major inspections and", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00057-00026569-00027037": "have documentation to prove it. This is a lot stronger especially", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00058-00027037-00027327": "when you're making a home sale contingency and your house has only been", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00059-00027327-00027718": "on the market for a few days and you don't have any offers yet. Just make sure", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00060-00027718-00028087": "that you fully understand all the risk when making contingencies in your", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00061-00028087-00028527": "purchase offer..Most sellers want to close as soon as possible but if you're", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00062-00028527-00028906": "financing your lenders going to need time to prepare your mortgage loan which", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00063-00028906-00029383": "can take up to 30 days. Have your Realtor talk to the sellers representative to", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00064-00029383-00029749": "find out what their plans may be. Maybe the seller is building a new", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00065-00029749-00030244": "construction home and has a 45 day finish date. Try to be flexible with this", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00066-00030244-00030645": "closing date and show them you could compromise to maybe accommodate their", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00067-00030645-00031108": "situation. Sellers appreciate this, opposed to other terms in the contract", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00068-00031108-00031612": "especially if their move is taking them out of State. ... I can't tell you the number", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00069-00031612-00032103": "of times the seller has chosen an offer based on the buyers personal letter to", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00070-00032103-00032662": "the homeowner. It's not always about the money~ when submitting a purchase offer,", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00071-00032662-00033265": "have your genuine, heartfelt letter attached to the offer. Tell the seller a", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00072-00033265-00033652": "little bit about your family and lifestyle and tell them how you can", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00073-00033652-00034090": "envision future memories made in the home and compliment the seller on how", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00074-00034090-00034453": "well they care for the home and also that you appreciate all the little", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00075-00034453-00034927": "details and maybe name a few of those details. Then close your letter by saying", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00076-00034927-00035362": "that you hope they choose your offer so you can start loving the home like they", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00077-00035362-00036007": "obviously have all these years...Believe me, by doing this small genuine humble", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00078-00036007-00036390": "thing, it is guaranteed that your seller will want to entertain your offer.", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00079-00036390-00036883": "I'm Lisa Kelly and thank you for joining me today. And just as a reminder you'll", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00080-00036883-00037324": "find the access link to my 2020 buyer's guide all the videos that I talked about", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00081-00037324-00037722": "here today and also all my contact information down here below in the", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00082-00037722-00038322": "description.Rremember, I'm here to help :) Until then, I'll see you on the next", "mzkz2NHPRFU-00083-00038322-00038547": "one."}}, {"audio_id": "mzxRde77fzy", "text": {"mzxRde77fzy-00000-00000000-00001936": "The Right to Be Heard Making the process of investigation and testimony of people with complex communication needs accessible, using Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) . The", "mzxRde77fzy-00001-00001936-00003876": "presentation is given by Ronit Zur from the Israeli Minitry of Labour, Social Welfare and Social Services and Yifat Klein from JDC-Ashalim", "mzxRde77fzy-00002-00003876-00003976": "G' is 17 years old.A special investigator and speech language pathologist addressed his case through the use of a communication board. They learned that", "mzxRde77fzy-00003-00003976-00004076": "another student is touching G's genitals in the school bus.G' was asked how he felt regarding the process of investigation, and this thumbs up was his answer.", "mzxRde77fzy-00004-00004076-00006076": "G' is 17 years old.A special investigator and speech language pathologist addressed his case through the use of a communication board. They learned that", "mzxRde77fzy-00005-00006076-00008079": "another student is touching G's genitals in the school bus.G' was asked how he felt regarding the process of investigation, and this thumbs up was his answer.", "mzxRde77fzy-00006-00008080-00008180": "This is a unique partnership between the government and relevant professionals and nonprofit organizations. It was important for us to keep in mind that once we initiate the pilot", "mzxRde77fzy-00007-00008180-00008283": "program, the program will be handled by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Services alone for the years that follow.", "mzxRde77fzy-00008-00008283-00010283": "This is a unique partnership between the government and relevant professionals and nonprofit organizations. It was important for us to keep in mind that once we initiate the pilot", "mzxRde77fzy-00009-00010283-00012286": "program, the program will be handled by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Services alone for the years that follow.", "mzxRde77fzy-00010-00012286-00012386": "The Law for Investigation and Testimony (Adjustments for People with Disabilities), 2005The investigation of a person with a cognitive disability is conducted", "mzxRde77fzy-00011-00012386-00012436": "by a special investigator.The investigation is filmed and the video can sometimes serve as a substitute for testimony.", "mzxRde77fzy-00012-00012436-00012486": "The special investigator provides recommendations for accommodations in court.", "mzxRde77fzy-00013-00012486-00014489": "The Law for Investigation and Testimony (Adjustments for People with Disabilities), 2005The investigation of a person with a cognitive disability is conducted", "mzxRde77fzy-00014-00014490-00015493": "by a special investigator.The investigation is filmed and the video can sometimes serve as a substitute for testimony. The special investigator provides", "mzxRde77fzy-00015-00015493-00016496": "recommendations for accommodations in court.", "mzxRde77fzy-00016-00016496-00016596": "The serviceWhen someone submits a complaint to the police, it is referred to a special investigator. The special investigator collects information and,", "mzxRde77fzy-00017-00016596-00016699": "if necessary, calls a SLP, who gathers information on the communication abilities and needs of the individual.They plan and conduct the investigation together.", "mzxRde77fzy-00018-00016700-00018703": "The serviceWhen someone submits a complaint to the police, it is referred to a special investigator. The special investigator collects information and,", "mzxRde77fzy-00019-00018703-00020706": "if necessary, calls a SLP, who gathers information on the communication abilities and needs of the individual.They plan and conduct the investigation together.", "mzxRde77fzy-00020-00020706-00020806": "The pilot lasted 4 years, in which we developed an organizational and professional platform.We needed to develop an investigation style that accommodates", "mzxRde77fzy-00021-00020806-00020909": "communication tools and can be admissible in court.We also needed to raise awareness amongst professionals in order to ensure that they recommend the service to potential users.", "mzxRde77fzy-00022-00020910-00022913": "The pilot lasted 4 years, in which we developed an organizational and professional platform.We needed to develop an investigation style that accommodates", "mzxRde77fzy-00023-00022913-00024916": "communication tools and can be admissible in court.We also needed to raise awareness amongst professionals in order to ensure that they recommend the service to potential users.", "mzxRde77fzy-00024-00024916-00025119": "When we started the pilot in 2011, we only had 3 AAC users referred to investigation. In 5 years, we enlarged the number of referrals by 700%.", "mzxRde77fzy-00025-00025120-00029156": "When we started the pilot in 2011, we only had 3 AAC users referred to investigation. In 5 years, we enlarged the number of referrals by 700%.", "mzxRde77fzy-00026-00029156-00029256": "This research looked at the methods through which the special investigators and SLP conducted the investigations, the information collected, and the results attained.", "mzxRde77fzy-00027-00029256-00029359": "In the majority of the investigations, significant relevant information was discovered. These investigations did attain less detail compared to those involving people with other disabilities.", "mzxRde77fzy-00028-00029360-00031360": "This research looked at the methods through which the special investigators and SLP conducted the investigations, the information collected, and the results attained.", "mzxRde77fzy-00029-00031360-00033360": "In the majority of the investigations, significant relevant information was discovered. These investigations did attain less detail compared to those involving people with other disabilities.", "mzxRde77fzy-00030-00033360-00033460": "This additional research looked at the impact of the pilot program beyond the investigation room, and found that the program had 14 impacts on additional methods of investigation, on the professionals", "mzxRde77fzy-00031-00033460-00033563": "involved, on the organizations involved and on society. Among them are these 6 impacts that include promoting access to justice, stopping abuse and increasing personal safety.", "mzxRde77fzy-00032-00033563-00035563": "This additional research looked at the impact of the pilot program beyond the investigation room, and found that the program had 14 impacts on additional methods of investigation, on the professionals", "mzxRde77fzy-00033-00035563-00037566": "involved, on the organizations involved and on society. Among them are these 6 impacts that include promoting access to justice, stopping abuse and increasing personal safety.", "mzxRde77fzy-00034-00037566-00037666": "Over the past 4 years, developing the service totaled $345,695.The on-going service demands more working hours on behalf of special investigators and SLPs, as well as trainings and maintenance", "mzxRde77fzy-00035-00037666-00037769": "of a second camera. This will total $28,000 per year.", "mzxRde77fzy-00036-00037770-00039773": "Over the past 4 years, developing the service totaled $345,695.The on-going service demands more working hours on behalf of special investigators and SLPs, as well as trainings and maintenance", "mzxRde77fzy-00037-00039773-00041776": "of a second camera. This will total $28,000 per year.", "mzxRde77fzy-00038-00041776-00041876": "The ministry appointed a point person in each district and regulated the employment of the SLPs. The next challenge is to determine the legal precedent in court.", "mzxRde77fzy-00039-00041876-00041979": "Israel recently decided to fund communication aids, so we believe that even more people with complex communication needs will make use of this service.", "mzxRde77fzy-00040-00041980-00043980": "The ministry appointed a point person in each district and regulated the employment of the SLPs. The next challenge is to determine the legal precedent in court.", "mzxRde77fzy-00041-00043980-00045980": "Israel recently decided to fund communication aids, so we believe that even more people with complex communication needs will make use of this service."}}, {"audio_id": "mzMR_qZ8RzA", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "mzPYIb10MeQ", "text": {"mzPYIb10MeQ-00000-00000144-00000522": "Hello and welcome to the ProTipster Tip of the Day.", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00001-00000522-00001145": "Today's tip comes from the Serie A in Brazil, where Sao Paulo take on Chapecoense.", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00002-00001145-00001660": "This tip comes from user Heisofrain, who has a mighty 92% hit rate in games involving Sao", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00003-00001660-00002075": "Paulo, and that translates to a yield of 69.5%.", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00004-00002075-00002502": "He also has a 72% hit rate in games in the Brasileiro Serie A.", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00005-00002502-00002857": "Sao Paulo are in a pretty good run of form at the moment, they've won the last four in", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00006-00002857-00003289": "a row, and of the previous seven home games they haven't lost one at all.", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00007-00003289-00003707": "Chapecoense are having a bit of a yo-yo season away from home; of their previous seven away", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00008-00003707-00004085": "games, they've won three, drawn one and lost three as well.", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00009-00004085-00004534": "Heisofrain's tip for this match is for Sao Paulo to win at 1.62.", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00010-00004534-00004834": "And here at ProTipster.com we think that's a solid bet.", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00011-00004834-00005295": "For more great tips from the Brasileiro Serie A and all other football leagues check out", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00012-00005295-00005395": "ProTipster.com.", "mzPYIb10MeQ-00013-00005395-00005862": "Subscribe to our YouTube channel and receive daily videos, previews and podcasts as well."}}, {"audio_id": "m-i4EBXRuzQ", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "m-HBeCC8Y5c", "text": {"m-HBeCC8Y5c-00000-00000014-00000256": "I'm doctor Ma from the United Family Healthcare Hospital", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00001-00000560-00000911": "The overdiagnosis is a new concept in China", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00002-00001000-00001872": "In fact from the meeting, after meeting I know now in fact some patients were overdiagnosed and overtreated in China", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00003-00001872-00002136": "But the doctors don't know the new concept", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00004-00002136-00002784": "You should try to take the message back and then make more and more doctors understand overdiagnosis", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00005-00002814-00003204": "The basic concept haven't been set up in China.", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00006-00003447-00003752": "Genetest is also popular in China recently", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00007-00003752-00004136": "It's not good to the patient. It's overdiagnosis", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00008-00004136-00004478": "and first we don't know, can't understand the meaning", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00009-00004478-00004970": "Genetest maybe does good for the patient, no harm I think", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00010-00004970-00005402": "And I know yes it's possible, it gave a lot of burden to the patient", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00011-00005402-00006034": "And it can't improve the outcome. Can't decrease the mortality rate", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00012-00006056-00006330": "The genetest are high priced", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00013-00006330-00007009": "At first we won't give the patient a detailed prevention plan if you carry some risk gene", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00014-00007009-00007208": "Maybe you can do some change in your life", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00015-00007208-00007820": "And some treatment. For example if you carry a coronary heart problem gene", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00016-00007820-00008126": "Maybe you can use statines earlier", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00017-00008126-00008392": "But now I think no. It's not a", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00018-00008392-00008574": "It's not true", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00019-00008574-00008988": "So, also with genes, a lot of information you can't explain to a patient", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00020-00008988-00009504": "It will only give patient some worry, increase their anxiety and", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00021-00009504-00009816": "Maybe their life will change greatly after the test. It's no good", "m-HBeCC8Y5c-00022-00009816-00010814": "So patients have no background, medical background so they don't easily understand the important information, complicated information"}}, {"audio_id": "m-SCHYZdzlg", "text": {"m-SCHYZdzlg-00000-00000864-00001360": "when you think of being in a place where you have lots of beautiful soil basically we're on", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00001-00001360-00002096": "what i think is an old coral bar as we're about 10 miles from the ocean and it's just a hillside that", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00002-00002096-00003112": "is pretty much gravel and the soil is shallow this is kind of what our soil looks like rocky", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00003-00003112-00003647": "and so what i started out with because there's very little soil is i started out planting", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00004-00003647-00004552": "banana trees which are the basic of central piece in tropical natural farming and centro p is to", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00005-00004720-00005312": "mimic what the forest does now this is really cool the the banana trees have done well when", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00006-00005312-00005904": "we planted them they were each just maybe a three foot long trunk that had had the roots", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00007-00005904-00006623": "mostly chopped off and the top chopped off so i dug a hole and put soil in it that i got", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00008-00006623-00007288": "from a neighboring area and just stuck that banana tree in the ground and this is about a", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00009-00007288-00007936": "year ago so we have these gorgeous banana trees growing but what's happening is they're running", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00010-00007936-00008696": "out of nutrients and some of the leaves are turning yellow and so i've been learning about", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00011-00008696-00009424": "korean natural farming which is really amazing what i've done is i've made a formula pour", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00012-00009424-00010136": "on the plants and start developing the roots i've also made some of the other korean natural farming", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00013-00010136-00010896": "formulas that i'm going to begin foliar spraying and regular watering with but for today this is", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00014-00010896-00011688": "what our banana trees look like and our centropic gardening area and this is the rest of our yard", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00015-00011800-00012344": "and i've also got an area with tomato plants in this area this is the area that gets the gray", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00016-00012344-00013168": "water from our showers and kitchen sink and so it really has grown well we've had a huge", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00017-00013168-00013672": "bunch of bananas off this one tree and we've eaten about 10 papayas off this other tree", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00018-00013752-00014424": "so it's really an exciting thing that we have going on we have a baby cacao tree growing here", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00019-00014424-00015016": "that i started from a seed from a neighbor's tree so let's look at the formula that i'm going to", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00020-00015016-00015863": "add today to help the roots grow korean natural farming was developed by master cho a korean man", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00021-00015928-00016696": "and he was the teacher of chris trump and many other people and then jadam was developed by his", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00022-00016696-00017504": "son and so the practices are similar um that they have varying names to things etc so what i did is", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00023-00017504-00018264": "i made a really simple jadam formula and let's see how this looks it's been fermenting about 48 hours", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00024-00018264-00019088": "and part of the idea of getting the microbes going is that it will begin to nourish the roots in new", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00025-00019088-00019616": "ways they'll grow new root hairs and they'll be able to pick up nutrients better so this", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00026-00019616-00020144": "is really beautiful it's bubbling away there you can kind of see it is you want to do it when the", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00027-00020224-00020912": "the microbes are alive and active so this is a combination cooked potato and soil from an", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00028-00020912-00021472": "area in my garden so there and you put each one of them in a cheesecloth bag and hang them and kind", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00029-00021472-00022152": "of squeeze them into the water and after about 36 hours i actually dump them into the water so it's", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00030-00022152-00022816": "a continual mixture and then i've added a number of the other korean natural farming formulas", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00031-00022872-00023608": "maybe just an ounce each of the fpj which is the fermented fruit juice of the humic acid which", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00032-00023608-00024496": "is from worm water i added some of my imo which is my fermented rice you might that's fermented", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00033-00024496-00025064": "with microbes you might think of it sort of as a living miso kind of but a living miso of the", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00034-00025064-00025856": "microbes of the forest and so this is really cool i am so excited it is so beautiful and then this", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00035-00025856-00026736": "is to be applied at 20 to 1. so it would be 1 20th of this formula which i have in a 5 gallon bucket", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00036-00026736-00027424": "take a quart of this to five gallons of water so i'll have 25 gallon buckets and i'm going to go", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00037-00027424-00028048": "around to all my garden areas here's the area with my tomatoes in it yes i actually have tomatoes", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00038-00028048-00028808": "growing there's tomatoes on the tomato plant and some little blossoms so everything is doing well", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00039-00028912-00029560": "ohn which is the herbal protective formula i had just an early phase tincture of that so i put", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00040-00029560-00030176": "a little of that in here so i put a lot of the different korean farming natural formulas into", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00041-00030176-00030983": "this so we're going to take one quart out of here and put it in this five gallon bucket of water", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00042-00031088-00031912": "and we're going to take that and dump it on my on this area here where my tomatoes are", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00043-00031992-00032383": "and then that my entire syntropic area i'm going to go along", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00044-00032576-00033248": "heartbeat of the heartbeat and fungus that's growing in there that's what you inoculate this", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00045-00033248-00034080": "with so i've kind of tricked it a little bit i've grown my own imo microbes from the little bit i", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00046-00034080-00034672": "could find in the area on some rice and then i've added a little bit of that to this potato dirt", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00047-00034672-00035272": "formula and then i've added a little humic acid soil so this is going to help the roots grow and", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00048-00035368-00035824": "into more little tiny root hairs and then i've actually also used a little", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00049-00035824-00036432": "bit of plasma water in this as well so we're kind of combining everything that we know", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00050-00036432-00036960": "and turning it into something that hopefully will produce an identic kind of garden here", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00051-00037072-00037888": "in the womb i feel the heartbeat of my mother in the womb i feel protected and", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00052-00038096-00038888": "in the womb i feel the heartbeat of my mother in the womb i feel the comfort", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00053-00038888-00039880": "and love sweet love let's go do more in the back our beat of the uh heartbeat", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00054-00040088-00040784": "heartbeat of the uh heartbeat", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00055-00041624-00042184": "to remember who you are", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00056-00042752-00043624": "and these words can take you far i am the 21st century superhuman", "m-SCHYZdzlg-00057-00043624-00044984": "and i know that the answers are inside i am 21st century superhuman now now now is the time"}}, {"audio_id": "m-YOjac3_gg", "text": {"m-YOjac3_gg-00000-00001136-00002504": "Very thin soft wire with fabric winding", "m-YOjac3_gg-00001-00002520-00002908": "I guess it's better than plastic", "m-YOjac3_gg-00002-00003028-00003288": "Microphone popped out of the clip", "m-YOjac3_gg-00003-00003336-00003656": "I don't like this design", "m-YOjac3_gg-00004-00005548-00005896": "Sound level is very low", "m-YOjac3_gg-00005-00005896-00006180": "I trying to set it higher", "m-YOjac3_gg-00006-00006280-00006656": "Voice activation isn't working now", "m-YOjac3_gg-00007-00006684-00006948": "Recorder doesn't detect sound", "m-YOjac3_gg-00008-00006992-00007304": "Microphone has low sensitivity", "m-YOjac3_gg-00009-00007340-00007484": "I try to do something", "m-YOjac3_gg-00010-00008176-00008496": "So. Maximum level of sensitivity has", "m-YOjac3_gg-00011-00008564-00009592": "almost full level of sound", "m-YOjac3_gg-00012-00009596-00010880": "If the microphone is placed on the lapel, the sound level will be enough.", "m-YOjac3_gg-00013-00012044-00012184": "Very nice little package :)", "m-YOjac3_gg-00014-00012376-00013156": "Fabric wire, but thicker than previous.", "m-YOjac3_gg-00015-00013216-00013432": "I like it little more", "m-YOjac3_gg-00016-00013536-00013904": "Not usual interesting plug body", "m-YOjac3_gg-00017-00014216-00014480": "With the same level of sensitivity", "m-YOjac3_gg-00018-00014524-00014652": "I start recording", "m-YOjac3_gg-00019-00014936-00015552": "So. This microphone has much better sound level.", "m-YOjac3_gg-00020-00015588-00015844": "I think the noise will be less", "m-YOjac3_gg-00021-00016119-00016324": "Because of the foam wind protection", "m-YOjac3_gg-00022-00016363-00016552": "I'll try to blow into the microphone.", "m-YOjac3_gg-00023-00016776-00017684": "If the microphone is placed on the lapel, the sound level will be not bad.", "m-YOjac3_gg-00024-00017744-00017968": "It has acceptable sensitivity", "m-YOjac3_gg-00025-00018384-00018568": "Let's check it", "m-YOjac3_gg-00026-00018964-00019568": "Smallest unit for attachment to the clip:", "m-YOjac3_gg-00027-00019732-00020060": "demountable and detachable design", "m-YOjac3_gg-00028-00020624-00020720": "Turn on the record", "m-YOjac3_gg-00029-00020928-00021300": "The sound level is approximately as the previous one", "m-YOjac3_gg-00030-00021356-00021604": "quite enough", "m-YOjac3_gg-00031-00021672-00022488": "If the microphone is on the lapel, the sound is heard well", "m-YOjac3_gg-00032-00022568-00023052": "Let's think they are equal in sound quality.", "m-YOjac3_gg-00033-00023076-00023204": "But this one is a little bit expensive", "m-YOjac3_gg-00034-00023912-00024376": "I reduced sensitivity to the middle level. And the noise will be little less.", "m-YOjac3_gg-00035-00024396-00024952": "The distance to the microphone 12 inches", "m-YOjac3_gg-00036-00025012-00025676": "I can see the noise is less by sound level", "m-YOjac3_gg-00037-00026488-00026912": "Recording with the middle level of sensitivity. The distance to the microphone 12 inches", "m-YOjac3_gg-00038-00027268-00027564": "It is average microphone for an average price", "m-YOjac3_gg-00039-00027839-00028352": "The cheapest microphone without wind protection", "m-YOjac3_gg-00040-00028520-00028956": "It is looking the most weak with the thinnest wire", "m-YOjac3_gg-00041-00029248-00029680": "Quality is quite not bad", "m-YOjac3_gg-00042-00029704-00030016": "But what will happen if I would spit and blow", "m-YOjac3_gg-00043-00030056-00030552": "It can not bring too close to your mouth"}}, {"audio_id": "m-anvv16_MI", "text": {"m-anvv16_MI-00000-00001104-00001497": "Alright everybody, welcome to the orientation for the memetics and infohazards division.", "m-anvv16_MI-00001-00001497-00001926": "Now this is a full week of training, and a long day so be sure to get some coffee or", "m-anvv16_MI-00002-00001926-00002316": "a donut, because we won't have time to go get food until lunch.", "m-anvv16_MI-00003-00002316-00002695": "I'm Junior Researcher Zack Ekshun, and, I, ah, yes?", "m-anvv16_MI-00004-00002695-00002795": "Question?", "m-anvv16_MI-00005-00002795-00002998": "Why aren't I having any coffee or donuts?", "m-anvv16_MI-00006-00002998-00003352": "Heh, looks like we have at least one veteran of the reality benders orientation.", "m-anvv16_MI-00007-00003352-00003807": "Well to put your mind at ease, why don't you get me some coffee and a donut or two.", "m-anvv16_MI-00008-00003807-00004213": "Usually I take it black, but add some milk and sugar just to cover all the bases.", "m-anvv16_MI-00009-00004213-00004375": "Hey sprinkles!", "m-anvv16_MI-00010-00004375-00004475": "Nice.", "m-anvv16_MI-00011-00004475-00004700": "Now, you're right to be suspicious.", "m-anvv16_MI-00012-00004700-00004876": "You get lied to a lot at the Foundation.", "m-anvv16_MI-00013-00004876-00005371": "Little things like 'We only put tracking chips in D-class', 'This will be the first time", "m-anvv16_MI-00014-00005371-00005675": "you receive amnestics' and the location of the site you're currently sitting in.", "m-anvv16_MI-00015-00005675-00006044": "But today, I'm going to be completely honest with you.", "m-anvv16_MI-00016-00006044-00006469": "Which gets us to the important part, you don't have to worry about us secretly feeding you", "m-anvv16_MI-00017-00006469-00006569": "drugs.", "m-anvv16_MI-00018-00006569-00006970": "We will be very openly feeding you lots of powerful hallucinogens.", "m-anvv16_MI-00019-00006970-00007469": "The reason we're not bothering to hide it is because, like most infohazards, our psychedelic", "m-anvv16_MI-00020-00007469-00007844": "testing regimen works whether or not you know about it ahead of time.", "m-anvv16_MI-00021-00007844-00008254": "The reason we're making you trip balls is that we need to make sure you can handle your", "m-anvv16_MI-00022-00008254-00008639": "shit regardless of what your brain thinks is going on.", "m-anvv16_MI-00023-00008639-00009046": "It doesn't matter if the walls are melting and cats with your grandmothers' face are", "m-anvv16_MI-00024-00009046-00009293": "telling you the secret history of the world.", "m-anvv16_MI-00025-00009293-00009663": "You write your reports, conduct tests and follow the containment procedures.", "m-anvv16_MI-00026-00009663-00010261": "You document everything the grandma cats tell you and ride it out until you punch out.", "m-anvv16_MI-00027-00010261-00010601": "What's in your head can't hurt you unless you let it.", "m-anvv16_MI-00028-00010601-00011035": "To work with infohazards you need to notice when things don't make sense, and this is", "m-anvv16_MI-00029-00011035-00011349": "the important part, respond accordingly.", "m-anvv16_MI-00030-00011349-00011635": "Do you suddenly have a spouse you didn't this morning?", "m-anvv16_MI-00031-00011635-00012009": "Well, maybe you shouldn't consummate that relationship.", "m-anvv16_MI-00032-00012009-00012428": "Were you always a worshipper of the omnidimensional blood gods you're thinking about building", "m-anvv16_MI-00033-00012428-00012622": "a shrine to?", "m-anvv16_MI-00034-00012622-00013003": "Maybe instead you should talk to your supervisor, because we sure don't need another prophet", "m-anvv16_MI-00035-00013003-00013144": "to Welcome.", "m-anvv16_MI-00036-00013144-00013272": "Hey!", "m-anvv16_MI-00037-00013272-00013451": "That got everybody's attention.", "m-anvv16_MI-00038-00013451-00013769": "Yeah, part of what you'll learn is how not to say things.", "m-anvv16_MI-00039-00013769-00014321": "Did you know that Hi% of redacted information is memetic censoring?", "m-anvv16_MI-00040-00014321-00014686": "It's written there as clear as day, if you have the clearance and counterprogramming.", "m-anvv16_MI-00041-00014686-00014922": "Want to know how it's done?", "m-anvv16_MI-00042-00014922-00015173": "Well first [REDACTED]", "m-anvv16_MI-00043-00015173-00015401": "Alllright everybody back?", "m-anvv16_MI-00044-00015401-00015831": "Yup, for those of you not keeping track that was almost an hour you aren't going to remember", "m-anvv16_MI-00045-00015831-00015960": "until you earn it.", "m-anvv16_MI-00046-00015960-00016362": "Exactly none of you have the training or clearance to know any of that.", "m-anvv16_MI-00047-00016362-00016470": "Yet.", "m-anvv16_MI-00048-00016470-00016826": "We're going to teach you to walk through fire, feel like your brain is melting out of your", "m-anvv16_MI-00049-00016826-00017065": "ears and still keep going.", "m-anvv16_MI-00050-00017065-00017612": "We will put your minds in the forge and hammer at them until they are stronger than steel.", "m-anvv16_MI-00051-00017612-00018137": "Mind affecting and weird psychic SCPs will slide off you, and information based containment", "m-anvv16_MI-00052-00018137-00018452": "breaches will be just another day at the office.", "m-anvv16_MI-00053-00018452-00018606": "Well look at the time.", "m-anvv16_MI-00054-00018606-00018784": "That's about it for the introduction.", "m-anvv16_MI-00055-00018784-00019202": "Next we'll watch the instructional video on handling Euclid infohazards and then you'll", "m-anvv16_MI-00056-00019202-00019375": "have pizza for lunch.", "m-anvv16_MI-00057-00019375-00019790": "There should be enough for two slices for everyone, and it is required everyone eat", "m-anvv16_MI-00058-00019790-00019941": "both slices.", "m-anvv16_MI-00059-00019941-00020080": "Because it is chock full of drugs."}}, {"audio_id": "m_IiS0SO3hU", "text": {"m_IiS0SO3hU-00000-00000100-00000200": "Hello everyone.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00001-00000200-00000600": "Welcome to this tutorial on Aromatic Molecular Structures in GChemPaint.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00002-00000700-00000900": "In this tutorial, we will learn to", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00003-00001000-00001200": "Convert Cyclohexane to Cyclohexene", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00004-00001300-00001500": "Convert Cyclohexene to Benzene", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00005-00001600-00001900": "Substitute Hydrogen of Benzene ring with other atoms.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00006-00002000-00002300": "Substitute Hydrogen of Benzene ring with group of atoms", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00007-00002400-00002500": "Merge two molecules", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00008-00002600-00002700": "Here I am using", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00009-00002800-00003100": "Ubuntu Linux OS version 12.04.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00010-00003200-00003600": "GChemPaint version 0.12.10.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00011-00003700-00004000": "To follow this tutorial, you should be familiar with", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00012-00004100-00004300": "GChemPaint chemical structure editor.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00013-00004400-00004900": "If not, for relevant tutorials, please visit our website.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00014-00005000-00005300": "I have opened a new GChemPaint application.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00015-00005400-00005800": "Let us first add a six membered cycle to the Display area.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00016-00005900-00006100": "Click on Add a six membered cycle tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00017-00006200-00006300": "Click on the Display area.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00018-00006400-00006900": "Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00019-00007000-00007300": "Add two bonds on every corner of the cycle.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00020-00007400-00007800": "Position the bonds in such a way that no two bonds touch each other.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00021-00007900-00008300": "To do so, click and drag the bonds to proper positions.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00022-00008400-00008700": "Let us display Carbon atoms on all the corners of the cycle.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00023-00008800-00009000": "Right click on any one of the corner.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00024-00009100-00009200": "A submenu appears.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00025-00009300-00009500": "Select Atom and then click on Display symbol.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00026-00009600-00010100": "Likewise, add Carbon atoms on all corners of the cycle.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00027-00010200-00010600": "To add Hydrogen atoms to the bonds, press H on the keyboard.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00028-00010700-00011000": "Click on Add or modify an atom tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00029-00011100-00011300": "Click on all the bond positions.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00030-00011400-00011800": "Again, see to it that no two Hydrogens overlap each other.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00031-00011900-00012300": "The obtained structure is (C6H12) Cyclohexane.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00032-00012400-00012600": "Let's copy and paste the structure.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00033-00012700-00012900": "Press CTRL+A to select the structure.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00034-00013000-00013400": "Press CTRL+C to copy and CTRL+V to paste the structure.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00035-00013500-00013800": "Let us convert the second Cyclohexane structure to Cyclohexene.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00036-00013900-00014100": "Click on the Eraser tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00037-00014200-00014600": "Delete one Hydrogen bond from each of the adjacent carbon atoms.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00038-00014700-00015200": "Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00039-00015300-00015600": "Then click on the bond between deleted Hydrogen bonds.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00040-00015700-00015900": "A double bond is formed.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00041-00016000-00016300": "The obtained structure is Cyclohexene(C6H10)", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00042-00016400-00017000": "Let us convert Cyclohexene to Cyclohexadiene and then to Benzene.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00043-00017100-00017500": "Ensure that Current element is Carbon.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00044-00017600-00017700": "Click on the Eraser tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00045-00017800-00018200": "Delete one Hydrogen bond from each of the adjacent Carbon atoms.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00046-00018300-00018800": "Click on Add a bond or change the multiplicity of the existing one tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00047-00018900-00019200": "Then click on the bond between deleted Hydrogen bonds.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00048-00019300-00019500": "A second double bond is formed.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00049-00019600-00020100": "The obtained structure is Cyclohexadiene(C6H8).", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00050-00020200-00020700": "Likewise let's repeat the process to form the third double bond.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00051-00020800-00021200": "The obtained structure is Benzene(C6H6)", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00052-00021300-00021400": "As an assignment.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00053-00021500-00021800": "Draw the structures of: Cyclobutane and convert to Cyclobutadiene", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00054-00021900-00022400": "Cyclopentane and convert to Cyclopentadiene", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00055-00022500-00022800": "Your completed assignment should look like this.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00056-00022900-00023200": "Next let us learn about Benzene derivatives.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00057-00023300-00023800": "Functional groups can substitute Hydrogens in Benzene, to derive various chemical compounds", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00058-00023900-00024100": "Functional groups that substitute Hydrogen are", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00059-00024200-00024300": "fluoro(F),", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00060-00024300-00024400": "methyl(CH3),", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00061-00024400-00024500": "nitro(NO2),", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00062-00024500-00024600": "hydroxy(OH) and", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00063-00024600-00024700": "others.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00064-00024800-00025200": "Let us copy and paste the Benzene structure twice, on the Display area.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00065-00025300-00025700": "Click on Select one or more objects tool to select the Benzene structure.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00066-00025800-00026300": "Press CTRL+C to copy and press CTRL+V twice to paste the structures.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00067-00026400-00026900": "Let's Substitute Hydrogen of the first Benzene structure with a Fluorine atom.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00068-00027000-00027100": "Press F on the keyboard.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00069-00027200-00027400": "Click on Add or modify an atom tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00070-00027500-00027900": "Click on Hydrogen to substitute it with Fluorine.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00071-00028000-00028300": "The obtained structure is Fluorobenzene.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00072-00028400-00028900": "Next let's substitute the Hydrogen of the second Benzene with a group of atoms.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00073-00029000-00029300": "Click on Add or modify a group of atoms tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00074-00029400-00029600": "Click on any one of the Hydrogens.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00075-00029700-00030200": "Observe that Hydrogen is enclosed in a green box with a blinking cursor.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00076-00030300-00030500": "Let's substitute Hydrogen with a methyl group.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00077-00030600-00031100": "Remove Hydrogen and type capital C H and 3", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00078-00031200-00031400": "Click anywhere on the Display area.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00079-00031500-00031800": "The obtained structure is Methyl benzene.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00080-00031900-00032300": "Let's substitute Hydrogen of the third Benzene with a nitro group.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00081-00032400-00032600": "Click on any one of the Hydrogens.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00082-00032700-00033100": "Remove Hydrogen and type capital N O 2", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00083-00033200-00033500": "The obtained structure is Nitrobenzene.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00084-00033600-00033900": "Let's see Carbon positions in the Benzene ring.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00085-00034000-00034400": "Six Carbon atoms are numbered from 1 to 6 in Benzene.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00086-00034500-00035000": "All six positions are equivalent, before Hydrogen is substituted.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00087-00035100-00035600": "Electron density of the ring changes, when Hydrogen is substituted by a functional group.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00088-00035700-00036000": "Electron density is dependent on the Substituent.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00089-00036100-00036500": "A mono-substituted compound of Benzene can be substituted at positions:", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00090-00036600-00036800": "* 1 and 4- as Para.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00091-00036900-00037100": "* 2 and 6- as Ortho.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00092-00037200-00037400": "* 3 and 5- as Meta.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00093-00037500-00037900": "Now let's substitute Methylbenzene structure with another methyl group.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00094-00038000-00038300": "Click on Add or modify a group of atoms tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00095-00038400-00038700": "Click on the second Hydrogen position of the ring.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00096-00038800-00039100": "To substitute Hydrogen in the green box with methyl group,", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00097-00039200-00039400": "type capital C H 3.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00098-00039500-00039800": "The new structure obtained is ortho-Xylene.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00099-00039900-00040300": "Let's substitute Nitrobenzene with a Carboxy group.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00100-00040400-00040700": "Click on the fourth Hydrogen position of the ring.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00101-00040800-00041100": "To substitute Hydrogen in the green box with Carboxy group,", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00102-00041200-00041600": "type capital C O O H", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00103-00041700-00042100": "The new structure obtained is para-Nitrobenzoic acid.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00104-00042200-00042400": "Press CTRL+Z to undo the process.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00105-00042500-00043000": "Substitute third Hydrogen position of Nitrobenzene with a nitro group.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00106-00043100-00043600": "Remove Hydrogen and type capital N O 2", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00107-00043700-00044100": "The new structure obtained is meta-Dinitrobenzene.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00108-00044200-00044300": "Here is an assignment.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00109-00044400-00044500": "Draw seven Benzene structures.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00110-00044500-00044700": "Substitute one of the Hydrogens of:", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00111-00044800-00044900": "First Benzene with bromo.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00112-00045000-00045100": "Second Benzene with iodo.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00113-00045200-00045300": "Third Benzene with hydroxy.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00114-00045400-00045500": "Fourth Benzene with amino.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00115-00045600-00045800": "Fifth Benzene with ethyl.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00116-00045900-00046300": "Also substitute: Two of the Hydrogens of the sixth Benzene with Chlorine atoms.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00117-00046400-00047000": "First and fourth Hydrogen positions of the seventh Benzene with Carboxy groups.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00118-00047100-00047400": "Your completed assignment should look like this.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00119-00047500-00047600": "Now, let's learn to merge two structures.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00120-00047700-00047900": "Let's open a new window.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00121-00048000-00048300": "Ensure that current element is Carbon.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00122-00048400-00048600": "Click on the Add a four membered cycle tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00123-00048700-00048900": "Click on the Display area twice.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00124-00049000-00049300": "Click on Select one or more objects tool.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00125-00049400-00049500": "Click on the second structure.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00126-00049600-00049900": "Drag it and place it close to the first structure", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00127-00050000-00050200": "such that they touch each other.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00128-00050300-00050500": "Press CTRL+A to select the structures.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00129-00050600-00050900": "Merge two molecules tool becomes active.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00130-00051000-00051300": "Click on Merge two molecules tool, to merge the molecules.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00131-00051400-00051700": "Drag the structures to observe merging.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00132-00051800-00052000": "Let's summarize what we have learnt.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00133-00052100-00052200": "In this tutorial, we have learnt to", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00134-00052300-00052500": "Convert Cyclohexane to Cyclohexene", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00135-00052600-00052800": "Convert Cyclohexene to Benzene", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00136-00052900-00053400": "Substitute Hydrogen of Benzene with fluoro, methyl, nitro and carboxy groups.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00137-00053500-00053700": "Merge two four membered cycles.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00138-00053800-00053900": "Here is an assignment.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00139-00054000-00054100": "Merge Two Benzene molecules", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00140-00054200-00054300": "Two Pentane structures", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00141-00054400-00054700": "Cyclopentane and Cyclohexane molecules.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00142-00054800-00055100": "Your completed assignment should look like this.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00143-00055200-00055400": "Watch the video available at this link.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00144-00055500-00055800": "It summarizes the Spoken Tutorial project", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00145-00055900-00056200": "If you do not have good bandwidth, you can download and watch it", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00146-00056300-00056600": "The Spoken Tutorial Project Team: Conducts workshops using spoken tutorials", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00147-00056700-00057000": "Gives certificates to those who pass an on-line test", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00148-00057100-00057600": "For more details, please write to contact@spoken-tutorial.org", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00149-00057700-00058000": "Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project .", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00150-00058100-00058700": "It is supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00151-00058800-00059200": "More information on this Mission is available at this link .", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00152-00059300-00059600": "This is Madhuri Ganapathi from IIT Bombay signing off.", "m_IiS0SO3hU-00153-00059700-00060200": "Thank you for joining."}}, {"audio_id": "m_XZkRx_Ckk", "text": {"m_XZkRx_Ckk-00000-00001983-00002511": "CORRECTION! station: World Christian Broadcast"}}, {"audio_id": "mAffl_ZE5gy", "text": {"mAffl_ZE5gy-00000-00000000-00011301": "Important: read the description for all the informations. Thanks."}}, {"audio_id": "mApN-E1GFYQ", "text": {"mApN-E1GFYQ-00000-00000000-00000404": "Hey got a minute? I got a minute. Good because it's time for another...", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00001-00000404-00001126": "One Minute Wednesday and we're here in Saskatchewan to look for the oldest cache in Saskatchewan", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00002-00001152-00001670": "GC14F oldest cache in Sasssazzjz...and I can't say it", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00003-00001670-00002092": "Don't you remember where you are? No. Saskatchewan. Saskatchewan alright let's go", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00004-00002098-00002346": "Cue the title and... hit the clock.", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00005-00002378-00002880": "Hit the clock and maybe start it?... No, you can start it by hitting it.", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00006-00002896-00003192": "Okay, HIT that clock.", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00007-00004264-00004935": "oh we got 200 meters to go yeah yeah just keep coming I think I see it yep", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00008-00004935-00005773": "Ammo can. There we go SASK Cache One, oldest cash in Saskatchewan", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00009-00005773-00006255": "and that's what we do when we travel we go out and find the oldies and the", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00010-00006255-00006754": "goodies in the goodies and this is a good one this is a good one say yeah so", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00011-00006754-00007523": "let's see what's in here it's in good shape log is ...oh there's a path tag!", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00012-00007523-00008202": "And the path tag that was in there was Hakliva she's a geovlogger from", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00013-00008203-00008581": "Manitoba and we're gonna take that I'm gonna put a Cache Canada button in", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00014-00008581-00009020": "now put a link right over here above the lyriclass's head and away we go", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00015-00009020-00009232": "thanks Hakliva", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00016-00009732-00010122": "Thanks for watching this one-minute Wednesday and don't", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00017-00010122-00010825": "forget to cache Canada..Cache Saskatchewan and any state or province you've never been", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00018-00010825-00011238": "in this is our first time here and just get out there and cache. Thanks for watching.", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00019-00011278-00011684": "This gives us coast to coast caches across Canada", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00020-00011684-00011830": "Wow yeah", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00021-00011830-00012268": "New challenge coming out in Ontario watch for it and get out there in cache see you next", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00022-00012268-00012584": "Wednesday - Cache Canada One Minute Wednesday", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00023-00013618-00013860": "You can show it in your video. Tent caterpillars!", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00024-00013872-00013938": "Ohhhh", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00025-00013963-00014391": "There you go what do you want to get in the picture here there we own that none", "mApN-E1GFYQ-00026-00014391-00014674": "now I'm hiding you hahaha let me get around over there."}}, {"audio_id": "mAtqDzKsvPg", "text": {"mAtqDzKsvPg-00000-00000000-00020200": "🌟 🇺🇸 Bumblebee Costume Charlie Robot Transformer Animation — Shop GrandStart.ru 🌟"}}, {"audio_id": "mAz7g4NB0VI", "text": {"mAz7g4NB0VI-00000-00000247-00000426": "what we're doing is we're getting presented the", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00001-00000438-00000771": "2010 EPA Sustainable Public Health Award from the", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00002-00000785-00000947": "Texas Water Development Board", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00003-00000980-00001301": "The project that won the award is our Village Creek Reclaimed Water Project.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00004-00001319-00001766": "It extends an 11.5 mile pipeline and constructed a pump station here", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00005-00001776-00002526": "at the plant for providing reclaimed water to Euless, Arlington and DFW.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00006-00002555-00002922": ">>Well reclaimed water is a product of wastewater treatment.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00007-00002937-00003786": "Typically, utilities treat wastewater and turn it into biosolids and effluent that", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00008-00003802-00003964": "goes out as part of the discharge.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00009-00004008-00004360": "Our discharge here at Village Creek for the City of Fort Worth goes into", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00010-00004377-00004547": "the Trinity River, historically.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00011-00004586-00005020": "But reclaimed water is a way of reusing that water for demands that would", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00012-00005031-00005550": "otherwise require additional water supply in the future and it can be used", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00013-00005563-00005878": "more inexpensively than potable water.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00014-00005917-00006325": ">>Today, it is my pleasure to acknowledge and present to 2010", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00015-00006336-00006881": "EPA Sustainable Public Health Protection Award to the best", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00016-00006892-00007223": "Drinking Water State Revolving Fund project in the State of Texas.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00017-00007281-00007850": "The award recognizes those specific communities that advance innovative", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00018-00007861-00008118": "and effective projects that further the national goals of", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00019-00008131-00008321": "clean and safe water projects.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00020-00008402-00009047": ">>This award is yet another example of the commitment of Fort Worth and", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00021-00009060-00009397": "the entire North Texas region to sustainable growth", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00022-00009410-00009991": "Sustainability is something we say early and often in Fort Worth because", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00023-00010000-00010294": "That is our mantra. That is what we're working toward.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00024-00010324-00010583": ">>There are many days you come to this facility and you have people from", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00025-00010593-00011058": "all over the world looking at what we're doing in this particular facility.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00026-00011073-00011611": "And it's become very very impressive - and even more impressive on a lot of", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00027-00011631-00012072": "the things, the contacts we make across the world.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00028-00012110-00012587": "And people have ideas and we're able to point them to Frank Crumb and his staff", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00029-00012611-00013085": "at this particular facility to look at the level of innovation that is going on.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00030-00013138-00013722": "I mean, it's remarkable. And also, when we talk about what is being done with", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00031-00013733-00014326": "reclaimed water at the airport. We're also talking about a system that takes some", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00032-00014338-00014997": "of the burden off of our water resources because we're taking the reclaimed water", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00033-00015015-00015612": "and we're doing irrigation, using the water for the gas well industry", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00034-00015647-00016287": "So there is a lot of the water that is coming from this system that is not", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00035-00016299-00016632": "draining from our primary system of providing services.", "mAz7g4NB0VI-00036-00016709-00017074": "[Applause]"}}, {"audio_id": "mA-D4VzUfGk", "text": {"mA-D4VzUfGk-00000-00001100-00001420": "The horrifically hideous Jabberslythe is sure to make", "mA-D4VzUfGk-00001-00001420-00001746": "even the most inspiring of leaders faulter", "mA-D4VzUfGk-00002-00001828-00002274": "An aura of madness surrounds the winged, toadlike creature", "mA-D4VzUfGk-00003-00002316-00002616": "tugging at the sanity of all who witness it", "mA-D4VzUfGk-00004-00002660-00003008": "foes quake in the Jabberstlythes' presence", "mA-D4VzUfGk-00005-00003008-00003256": "As likely to receive a spray of poison", "mA-D4VzUfGk-00006-00003256-00003496": "as they are to be caught in their claws", "mA-D4VzUfGk-00007-00003496-00003814": "and dragged into their cavernous mouths whole"}}, {"audio_id": "mAXWPNj1cj4", "text": {"mAXWPNj1cj4-00000-00001896-00003086": "I like Mr. Ahlgrim because of like his just his all-round personality and like how", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00001-00003086-00003633": "he does stuff like without all his notes and his like how he talked to us about all", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00002-00003633-00004191": "of our lessons I feel like he was a good teacher and he teached us well. Fridays", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00003-00004191-00004761": "were always fun with how he like always let us play games about our whatever we", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00004-00004761-00005292": "were learning and I just all-around liked him about like basically", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00005-00005292-00005410": "everything.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00006-00005510-00005868": "I'm Anthony and the thing I would like about Mrs. Aldridge is that", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00007-00005868-00006654": "she she likes the room quiet and it actually helps kids work in her", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00008-00006654-00007354": "classroom without the distractions and all the noises.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00009-00007354-00007755": "I really like Mrs. Camp because she always makes math really fun and she's really too", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00010-00007755-00008336": "nice for an eighth grade teacher. It's really hard to make her mad and even if", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00011-00008336-00008760": "she does get mad she doesn't like lash out on anyone or anything like that.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00012-00008760-00009561": "I like Mr. New because he pushes me harder and I just like", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00013-00009561-00010104": "his class and he just really gets straight to the point and I really like", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00014-00010104-00010720": "him and he I lifted more weights than I thought I could from him.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00015-00010720-00011214": "One of my favorite teachers is Mr. Brown and I like him so much because he is so helpful", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00016-00011214-00011820": "he is so caring and he tries to help us with everything when we need him to.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00017-00011920-00012618": "I like Mrs. Cooper because she's helping me become a good person and I like her", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00018-00012618-00013191": "because I might become like a really smart person one day.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00019-00013390-00013730": "One of my favorite teachers is Mrs. Schwab because she's sweet, nice and funny", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00020-00013730-00013950": "and she makes people laugh.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00021-00014050-00014856": "I really like Mrs. Woodcox because I don't know she's funny and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00022-00014856-00015546": "helpful and helps us with work and that's it.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00023-00015640-00015933": "One of my favorite teachers is", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00024-00015933-00016530": "Ms. Vest because she's funny, smart, and kind of pretty!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00025-00016630-00016776": "My favorite teacher is", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00026-00016776-00017280": "Mrs. Sirkin because she's funny and she encourages her students.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00027-00017380-00017985": "One of my favorite teachers is Mr. Glynn because I think he's creative with the projects", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00028-00017985-00018380": "that we do and he tells funny stories.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00029-00018487-00018984": "One of my favorite teachers is Mrs. Manship because once she teaches math was my", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00030-00018984-00019680": "favorite subject and she's really nice she's funny and she rewards", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00031-00019680-00019930": "us for getting good grades on tests.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00032-00020080-00020238": "Mr. Donnell is my favorite teacher because he's", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00033-00020238-00020430": "helpful and he's really funny.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00034-00020530-00020700": "I think Mr. Esterline is a very nice", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00035-00020700-00021401": "teacher and a very good teacher because we always play games in his class and we", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00036-00021401-00021810": "always get candy if we pass lessons", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00037-00021810-00022460": "One of my favorite teachers is Mr. Welch because when you do papers you don't do", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00038-00022460-00022900": "a boring paper you have it your way and it's super fun!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00039-00022900-00023130": "What I really like about Mrs. Zimmerman is that she cares a lot", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00040-00023130-00023490": "about what we do for our future for instance she sometimes gets mad at", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00041-00023490-00023800": "people but that's just because she cares for our futures!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00042-00023900-00024310": "My favorite teacher is Mr. Schneider because he makes learning fun!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00043-00024434-00024825": "Hello my name is Parmpreet Singh and Mrs. Wehmeier", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00044-00024825-00025448": "she makes the reading fun and she gives fun stuff to do and she does a", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00045-00025448-00025976": "lot of fun things and she she likes makes writing and reading so fun and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00046-00025976-00026541": "like usually I get bored with reading and writing but whenever I have her she", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00047-00026541-00026830": "makes it fun thank you!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00048-00027030-00027417": "Ms. Ferguson has always been that kind of funny type to make things fun", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00049-00027417-00027722": "whenever you're doing things in gym like she'll make the", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00050-00027722-00028086": "weight-room funny she'll try to make everything funny to where you can smile", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00051-00028086-00028433": "and have fun with it she can always make you laugh!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00052-00028500-00028948": "I like Mrs. Vaughn's class because we have really interesting books that we read.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00053-00028989-00029151": "I like Mrs. Pitcock because", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00054-00029151-00029747": "she always tries to help us and she is a great teacher whether in", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00055-00029747-00030702": "math or in her ELT class and she is always he's wanting to help us and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00056-00030702-00030927": "make us better people.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00057-00030927-00031341": "I like Mrs. Irons because she's not boring she always", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00058-00031341-00031938": "comes up with fun and creative ideas and she always gives us cookies in class and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00059-00031938-00032470": "I really appreciate that she's teaching and she's one of my favorite teachers.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00060-00032572-00033126": "I love Mrs. McGuire so much she's such a great person she's helped me come over a", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00061-00033126-00033350": "lot of things.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00062-00033470-00033768": "I like Mr. Camp because one I've never really liked science and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00063-00033768-00034253": "he kind of makes it fun and two he always gets the class involved and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00064-00034253-00034963": "always gives us a chance to have fun and get candy and all this other stuff.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00065-00034963-00035568": "I like Ms. Marshall because she's really nice and if there is something going on", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00066-00035568-00036084": "she'll help you with it and when we are in the lunchroom she helps us get to", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00067-00036084-00036540": "places and tell us tell us what to do.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00068-00036540-00037030": "I have Mrs. Honeycut as a helper because she helped me whenever I need help", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00069-00037030-00037409": "I stay after school for extra studying time she", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00070-00037409-00037681": "helped me with whatever else I have to do", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00071-00037681-00038040": "and sometimes I don't understand stuff and she'll help me.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00072-00038140-00038581": "The reason why I like Mrs. Garrison is because that we do the weekly quizzes on every Friday", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00073-00038581-00039076": "and we get to earn candy if we get like eight out of ten or something like that", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00074-00039076-00039538": "and I like her because she makes it fun she's not boring like most of my other", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00075-00039538-00040056": "language arts teaches and yeah that's one of the reasons I like Mrs. Garrison!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00076-00040056-00040522": "Mr. Rhinehart was one of my favorite teachers because he made learning fun I", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00077-00040522-00040927": "remember that he always used to make fun of all the students and that was pretty", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00078-00040927-00041491": "funny he's a funny guy in general he made Conner Prairie trip fun and I", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00079-00041491-00041650": "enjoyed his class!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00080-00041700-00042530": "I like Mrs. Cash because she is very nice she's very creative she helps the students learn better choices", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00081-00042530-00043630": "in the hallway she helps everybody do the right thing whenever they're doing the wrong thing.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00082-00043690-00044497": "I like Mrs. Guy because she's straight to the point and she makes all of her classes fun she", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00083-00044497-00045188": "makes her labs fun with all the unique creations and work that's put into it", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00084-00045189-00045890": "she always lets us have time to study and make sure that we get an aid to succeed.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00085-00045944-00046219": "We love Mrs. Hockersmith because she's nice and caring and she", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00086-00046219-00046476": "puts a smile on our face every day", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00087-00046476-00046753": "I like Mr. Sutton because he's just a nice", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00088-00046753-00047332": "caring person overall because he actually looks out for everybody he", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00089-00047332-00047488": "cares about as well!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00090-00047580-00047857": "Mr. Dean is an excellent teacher and role model he", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00091-00047857-00048238": "makes sure learning is fun and enjoyable I'm new at Greenwood schools and Mr.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00092-00048238-00048720": "Dean welcomed me with open arms and has been very kind to me from the start.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00093-00048720-00049278": "Mrs. Dardini you're awesome you're a great helper you helped me understand many", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00094-00049278-00049690": "more math facts so thank you", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00095-00049690-00050624": "Science is one of my favorite subjects Mrs. New makes it like really fun and she's like a really good teacher", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00096-00050624-00050796": "and she helps with problems.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00097-00050796-00051140": "My favorite teacher is definitely Mrs. Sutton she always", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00098-00051140-00051482": "gives us free days and then when we don't do free days she always pushes us", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00099-00051482-00051660": "to work our hardest.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00100-00051710-00051996": "Mrs. Brinker she's easy to talk to and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00101-00051996-00052541": "she's very caring and whenever I need her or just anything to talk about I", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00102-00052541-00052972": "just come in there and I can talk to her and she's here to listen.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00103-00053039-00053479": "Mrs. Burt you are my favorite teacher and you are good at teaching reading and language arts.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00104-00053500-00053833": "I like Mr. Kalugyer cause he's really nice and he's a really good teacher because", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00105-00053833-00054316": "he is really funny and he works hard with us and does anything he can to make", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00106-00054316-00054570": "us better at what we play as an instrument.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00107-00054670-00055229": "Hey my name is RaiShaun and the reason I like Mrs. Lengerich is because every day in math", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00108-00055229-00056080": "she helps me and I don't understand anything and she helps me walk through each and every problem.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00109-00056080-00056669": "Mrs. Webb you are really nice and you encouraged kids to try their hardest.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00110-00056669-00057086": "Mr. Watson always motivates me and he puts a smile on my face every day I see him he", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00111-00057086-00057340": "encourages me to work out.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00112-00057340-00057790": "Mr. Morse is a fantastic teacher because that one time I was stressed and not having a great", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00113-00057790-00058376": "day you were super nice to me and you never cease to challenge me and give me all the opportunities I can get.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00114-00058376-00058429": "Thank You!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00115-00058529-00058930": "Mr. Rader is a great teacher because he pushes you to do the best you", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00116-00058930-00059600": "can and he makes sure that no matter what you do he gets you there eventually.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00117-00059640-00060142": "What I like about Mrs. Santos is that she's very calm and patient and listens", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00118-00060142-00060560": "to all her guidance counselor students.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00119-00060660-00060817": "I like Ms. Lincourt because she's a", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00120-00060817-00061097": "really good teacher she lets us like work around the room as long as we're", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00121-00061097-00061560": "quiet and like we can listen to music in her class.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00122-00061560-00062170": "I appreciate Mrs. Martin because she's always dedicated to cheer and she's always there out there", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00123-00062170-00062440": "smiling and helping us out with everything", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00124-00062440-00063390": "I like Ms. Olivia because she is awesome cool she listens to me and she talks to anyone she needs help.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00125-00063490-00063979": "Mrs. Hawes is a really nice teacher she's really encouraging and she's really good at", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00126-00063979-00064550": "math she's really sweet and considerate and she definitely thinks about helping", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00127-00064550-00064934": "us out when we are stuck on a problem.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00128-00065029-00065266": "One of a few reasons I like Mr. Osterfeld", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00129-00065266-00065666": "is because he's a very goofy teacher and I don't usually like science class", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00130-00065666-00066458": "and he the way he teaches makes it very interesting and when he talks like", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00131-00066458-00066902": "whenever we go over a study guide he'll talk in a very goofy way which will make", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00132-00066902-00067130": "us listen to him!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00133-00067230-00067710": "Mrs. Siegert is a great teacher because she is very honest and straightforward she doesn't give us a", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00134-00067710-00067950": "lot of homework which is very nice.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00135-00067990-00068471": "Mr. Ellington is one of my favorite teachers because he makes Social Studies very", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00136-00068471-00069515": "interesting and we'll just I don't know he'll teach you in a fun way and he is", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00137-00069515-00070265": "really loud so you always know when he's talking and he knows a lot about history", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00138-00070265-00070730": "and he loves it so it is very fun", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00139-00070770-00071021": "Mr. Higdon is like my favorite teacher all", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00140-00071021-00071687": "the time because even though I got in trouble he was really nice and what", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00141-00071687-00072380": "else but he was like a coach so he kind of understands like oh we don't like we", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00142-00072380-00073030": "don't have to do that much homework and he gives and explains it really good so, yeah!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00143-00073130-00073739": "Ms. Warner is a really nice and sweet teacher she always such a sweet", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00144-00073739-00074498": "guy she is set every day we get closer every day hey our friendship gets even", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00145-00074498-00074810": "stronger stronger and stronger!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00146-00074810-00075167": "Mrs. Riggs is a really nice teacher she's", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00147-00075167-00075694": "very friendly to all her students and she works very hard with them and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00148-00075694-00075970": "she's also a very great mom.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00149-00076170-00076624": "I like Mr. Beck he's handsome, smart, it's gonna get", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00150-00076632-00078000": "great work, handsome! He's great work,brave,smart, brave he's handsome guy ever.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00151-00078046-00078510": "I love working with the Mrs. Tony and Mrs. Moran because they're so nice and kind", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00152-00078510-00078786": "to me they're really great people!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00153-00078844-00078978": "Mrs. Baker you are really good at", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00154-00079006-00079350": "teaching math and you encourage kids to work hard!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00155-00079396-00079594": "I like Mrs. McLaughlin because", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00156-00079594-00080160": "she's sweet kind and cares for other people and she's aware of everybody and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00157-00080160-00080468": "she's a really nice person!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00158-00080504-00080748": "I like Ms. Martinez cause like she's", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00159-00080770-00081282": "funny and she's a nice person in general and she also knows my work every time", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00160-00081283-00081595": "when I don't know a question she's always there to help me", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00161-00081595-00081784": "that's what I like Ms. Martinez.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00162-00081846-00082234": "We like Mrs. Heller because Mrs. Heller is a", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00163-00082234-00082792": "kind sharing and she's very funny and basically and she's just is basically", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00164-00082792-00083164": "like a part of your family!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00165-00083192-00083810": "I like Mrs. Rosado and she's really nice and helpful", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00166-00083810-00084264": "I like her she's really awesome.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00167-00084364-00084634": "I like Mrs. Holman because she's very nice and she", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00168-00084634-00085018": "cares about us a lot and when we do good she gives us candy she's very funny and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00169-00085018-00085410": "she's very sweet but sometimes we'll get on her nerves but she stills nice to", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00170-00085410-00085694": "us so that's why I like Mrs. Holman.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00171-00085714-00085952": "Ms. Grissom is a nice teacher she helped me", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00172-00085968-00086868": "with my speech and yeah she was pretty funny to me and all the students she", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00173-00086880-00087794": "worked with and she's a pretty nice teacher and hope she has a great day!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00174-00087795-00088267": "I like Mrs. West because she's so nice and she helps with your tests and sometimes", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00175-00088267-00088591": "she helps you like when you're confused on a question she gives you hints", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00176-00088591-00088842": "and really helps you out!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00177-00088882-00089210": "The reason I like Mrs. Sorrels is because she is", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00178-00089210-00089938": "really helpful and caring and helps and pretty much everything like my math just", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00179-00089938-00090102": "very kind!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00180-00090150-00090316": "I like Mrs. Reed because she helps us", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00181-00090316-00090940": "get our work done and she helps us stay on task and she makes sure we", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00182-00090940-00091474": "get everything done and when we're done she just lets us have a little free time", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00183-00091474-00091672": "and that's why I like Mrs. Reed.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00184-00091712-00092404": "I like Mrs. Kokes because she's nice and helps!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00185-00092484-00092936": "I like Mrs. Hubbard because she always helped me to do homework and she", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00186-00092936-00093358": "helped me to translate stuff in my language and she always gave me reasons", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00187-00093358-00093806": "to learn in school and she's fun and she's always there when I need it!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00188-00093973-00094779": "The reason that I like Mrs. Barr is because she helps me, Jaden and Tony with our", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00189-00094779-00095200": "Social Studies stuff!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00190-00095364-00095956": "I like Mrs. Vest because her projects are very creative", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00191-00096016-00096472": "and she's very kind she trusts us so much and lets us go out in the hallway", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00192-00096472-00096950": "take videos be on our phones sometimes and it's very nice.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00193-00096996-00097402": "Mrs. Dudenhoeffer is nice and she's helped me.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00194-00097470-00097680": "The reason why I love Mrs. Wise is", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00195-00097688-00097966": "because whenever I'm in Science she always comes over to make sure that I", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00196-00097966-00098314": "need help with something if it looks like I'm struggling or even if I'm not", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00197-00098314-00098536": "just to make sure I'm doing okay so yeah!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00198-00098562-00098844": "Mrs. Rhinehart is one of my favorite", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00199-00098844-00099358": "teachers because she lets me hang out in the IMC and talk to her and Ms.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00200-00099358-00099954": "Hill before and after I'm at the middle school.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00201-00100034-00100373": "I love Mrs. Hawes she's always been very", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00202-00100373-00100790": "very nice to us and she never complains or anything and she has a very", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00203-00100790-00101255": "tough job but she does it very well and she's very patient and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00204-00101255-00101496": "kind and loving to everybody.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00205-00101570-00101836": "I appreciate Mrs. Stainbrook because she", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00206-00101836-00102155": "helps set up athletic events she's really nice to all the kids and without", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00207-00102155-00102454": "her the sports wouldn't be as organized as it is.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00208-00102485-00102682": "I appreciate Mr. Campbell", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00209-00102682-00103161": "because every time in a module he always gives us extra time to finish it and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00210-00103161-00103733": "genuinely the modules are actually like really fun building cars is fun and he's", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00211-00103733-00103998": "just all around a really good teacher!", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00212-00104030-00104270": "Our nurses here at the GMS Middle", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00213-00104276-00104754": "School Jen and Jenny are both really fantastic whenever I need to go down", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00214-00104754-00105179": "there if I'm feeling ill or if I have a really bad migraine I can go down there", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00215-00105179-00105678": "and take my medicine they're always there for us when we need them.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00216-00105730-00106346": "Thank you Mrs. Megan from Adult & Child for being kind and patient and", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00217-00106346-00106659": "always saying hello to me in the hallway.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00218-00106659-00106761": "I appreciate Mrs. Bauer because she's", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00219-00106763-00107255": "really nice and whenever somebody comes in she helps them and I've helped her a", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00220-00107255-00107663": "couple of times and she was really nice and that and she gave really good", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00221-00107663-00107868": "instructions to help me do that.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00222-00107868-00108152": "Ms.Hill was is an amazing teacher she's", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00223-00108152-00108700": "very kind and helpful and she brings Ali every day to help other students.", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00224-00108700-00109477": "Harker is a really sweet guy I always know he always like always a smart man", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00225-00109477-00110018": "every time I didn't know something he's always done something perfect", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00226-00110018-00111164": "like I don't know what to say I don't know what to do oh yeah like one time", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00227-00111430-00112728": "like I always see him have to do something with some child issue and oh", "mAXWPNj1cj4-00228-00112728-00113448": "it's not a good time well at least I kinda about know him."}}, {"audio_id": "mBnlG-fBPR4", "text": {"mBnlG-fBPR4-00000-00001265-00001684": "Well, welcome to the Kansas State University John C pair horticultural center", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00001-00001727-00002241": "Beautiful hundred and twenty acres just outside of Haysville Kansas, which is a little south of Wichita", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00002-00002243-00002484": "Kansas and we are a", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00003-00002524-00003123": "research and extension facility for the Department of horticulture and natural resources at Kansas State University and one of the unique things that we do", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00004-00003124-00003268": "Here is we grow", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00005-00003268-00003531": "certified organic sweet potatoes and sweet potato slips", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00006-00003704-00004410": "We do this in an effort to promote sweet potatoes for as a really viable crop for Kansas", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00007-00004412-00004794": "You've got the right soils Kansas is a perfect climate for growing sweet potatoes", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00008-00004850-00005454": "So we produce our sweet potato slips. We ship those across the country", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00009-00005459-00005814": "We grow our own sweet potatoes to provide our own slips for the following year", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00010-00005821-00006345": "And we have enjoyed the sport of north central sare grant which we have been investigating", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00011-00006503-00007012": "Post-harvest handling of slips to see how long we can improve the shelf-life of these slips", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00012-00007013-00007336": "And we've also been looking at the potential for growing", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00013-00007388-00007959": "slips in high tunnels if a grower has some extra space in high tunnels how efficient is", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00014-00007975-00008289": "It to use that space to produce sweet potato slips", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00015-00008393-00008877": "What is the quality of those slips and what is the shelf life of those slips? Thus those are questions", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00016-00008878-00009229": "We're sort of trying to answer with our with our North Central Sarah", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00017-00009229-00009684": "Sarah grant highly nutritious crop makes that it's Kansas beautiful place to grow it any place", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00018-00009685-00010054": "It's got a nice sandy soils and nice warm summers like we're having this year", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00019-00010289-00010576": "And a super tattle slip is nothing more in the spring", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00020-00010577-00011021": "we put a sweet potato on the ground that we have stored we cover them with soil and", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00021-00011046-00011302": "Like you would expect us potato or super to do that", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00022-00011303-00011603": "They send up shoots the shoots get eight to ten inches tall", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00023-00011603-00012142": "We cut them off and ship those out and that shoot that we cut off that's 18 inches tall. That is a slip", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00024-00012363-00012563": "So sweet potatoes could", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00025-00012650-00013138": "It could have a very bright future here in Kansas. As far as especially as far as sustainability goes", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00026-00013194-00013663": "It's a different sort of crop. It's a root crop. It's not a leaf crop that's harvested", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00027-00013728-00013963": "It fits well into it into a rotation", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00028-00014031-00014722": "But there are potentials for larger economic growers using them. In fact this year we have worked with one of the large", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00029-00014904-00015479": "Center pivot growers who was looking at growing sweet potatoes in the corners of his field where the center pivot doesn't grow", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00030-00015501-00016204": "And so there's a it's a nice option. It's an it's a nice crop again to sort of fit into a low maintenance", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00031-00016313-00016514": "Trillo maintenance sort of operation", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00032-00016623-00017333": "So we've had really good success with our organic production of sweet potato cents remarkably good success weeds are our biggest problem", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00033-00017333-00017680": "But we we manage them through through cultivation and some good old manual labor", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00034-00017756-00018037": "but some of the common issues associated with", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00035-00018117-00018703": "Sweet potatoes such as wireworms and scurf which is a pretty devastating disease for sweet potatoes", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00036-00018732-00019243": "We have had no issues with those in the last ten years at all that we believe our crop rotation", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00037-00019281-00019879": "Field only gets sweet potatoes every third year and in between there, we've got cover crops. So we think we are", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00038-00019950-00020530": "Beating back those very common sweet potato pests to through crop rotation. It's been very successful for us", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00039-00020604-00021007": "we are hoping through our operations here to", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00040-00021101-00021754": "Demonstrate we're hoping not only to demonstrate that sweet potato is a fantastic crop for the area, but we're also with our slip production", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00041-00021754-00021854": "we're actually trying to", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00042-00021854-00022010": "provide the industry", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00043-00022010-00022621": "With the necessary tools the the thing that they need to do that so we're not only are we doing it by demonstration?", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00044-00022622-00023341": "But we're also committed to supplying certified growers with certified slips so they can get there if their feet wet with sweet potato production", "mBnlG-fBPR4-00045-00025176-00025376": "You"}}, {"audio_id": "mBqofAfm9Xo", "text": {"mBqofAfm9Xo-00000-00000491-00000756": "Each time we become aware that the", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00001-00000756-00000802": "participation in organizations is very", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00002-00000802-00001070": "participation in organizations is very", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00003-00001070-00001297": "producers especially from this area.", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00004-00001312-00001652": "Regarding the seed issue", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00005-00001711-00001782": "It is also important because it allows us", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00006-00001782-00002069": "know a variety of seeds and others", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00007-00002069-00002356": "possibilities of growing seeds in", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00008-00002356-00002676": "our own region since we have the", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00009-00002676-00002940": "inconvenient that when sowing", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00010-00002940-00003225": "we lack seeds and we can't have", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00011-00003225-00003474": "access to the purchase of new seeds", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00012-00003474-00003778": "for the costs that we having are lately.", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00013-00003778-00004031": "This meeting and this", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00014-00004031-00004245": "seed exchange seems very", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00015-00004254-00004577": "important because it opens new", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00016-00004586-00004905": "possibilities and other doors", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00017-00004908-00005163": "to keep cultivating", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00018-00005163-00005464": "and having the possibility of", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00019-00005464-00005771": "a better crop or a better planting, and", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00020-00005771-00006041": "also thus being able to provide our", "mBqofAfm9Xo-00021-00006041-00006357": "seeds for the community"}}, {"audio_id": "mBL-RIPwF50", "text": {"mBL-RIPwF50-00000-00002017-00002309": "Okay, then I'll start. Thank you everyone for coming", "mBL-RIPwF50-00001-00002521-00002682": "I'm going to talk about...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00002-00002682-00003332": "Well the title on the schedule was a bit misleading because I can't give a lot of detail about the Switch", "mBL-RIPwF50-00003-00003372-00003729": "But I'm going to talk about porting the Keen Dreams game", "mBL-RIPwF50-00004-00003780-00004040": "To Godot so that it goes on the Switch", "mBL-RIPwF50-00005-00004165-00004718": "So it's the code base from the old game, the original code base. Let's see the year...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00006-00004857-00005477": "Yeah, so... Oh, you can't really see it, but 1993. Old code base. And so...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00007-00005602-00006140": "I'm going to go a bit into like: First of all, why I used Godot and then, what are the", "mBL-RIPwF50-00008-00006187-00006633": "strategies that we use when we have this kind of problem, and then", "mBL-RIPwF50-00009-00006720-00007055": "what happened specifically with this... with this game.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00010-00007147-00007349": "And then a bit about the Switch", "mBL-RIPwF50-00011-00007588-00007947": "So why use Godot? I think", "mBL-RIPwF50-00012-00008103-00008792": "Because I was set up to use Godot and I had it running on the Switch and so for me it was easy", "mBL-RIPwF50-00013-00008856-00009482": "Honestly, like nowadays you use SDL when you have this kind of thing where it's an old game and you want to put it on", "mBL-RIPwF50-00014-00009483-00010046": "a modern system, even a console, SDL works. It's not going to have all the features of Godot", "mBL-RIPwF50-00015-00010108-00010898": "But you know in this game, Godot is doing the similar tasks that SDL would do. It's basically your", "mBL-RIPwF50-00016-00010917-00011109": "operating system layer", "mBL-RIPwF50-00017-00011109-00011795": "So you make your game run on Godot, it runs on your PC, and then you test it on the console, maybe on your phone", "mBL-RIPwF50-00018-00011795-00012122": "Whatever. It'll run wherever Godot runs, right?", "mBL-RIPwF50-00019-00012264-00012453": "So...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00020-00012453-00013028": "When we want to take one of these games and put it in this case in Godot, we look at the main loop", "mBL-RIPwF50-00021-00013069-00013302": "This is classic, you know basic game", "mBL-RIPwF50-00022-00013413-00013703": "architecture. You have this main loop somewhere in your game and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00023-00013768-00013968": "So you wanna do this:", "mBL-RIPwF50-00024-00014088-00014555": "You want to inject input from the engine there and then you want to take the frame and draw it", "mBL-RIPwF50-00025-00014619-00014875": "on the screen, give it to Godot to draw it on the screen.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00026-00015047-00015549": "So you take this that comes from the original code and you sort of", "mBL-RIPwF50-00027-00015634-00016023": "take all the pieces and you put them somewhere in Godot.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00028-00016216-00016417": "So", "mBL-RIPwF50-00029-00016436-00017214": "Basically we have two methods of doing this: One method is using the main loop class which is kind of obscure, you all use it", "mBL-RIPwF50-00030-00017215-00017995": "when you use the scene. So the scene tree, which is like the root of the scene system, is a main loop", "mBL-RIPwF50-00031-00018076-00018525": "implementation that has these methods. So here you can see there's input, there's", "mBL-RIPwF50-00032-00018601-00018801": "iteration, there's an init... it's all the same", "mBL-RIPwF50-00033-00018866-00019045": "All these elements", "mBL-RIPwF50-00034-00019045-00019728": "in this sort of prototype game loop. They are here in Godot. This is the Godot main loop object", "mBL-RIPwF50-00035-00019820-00020012": "so you", "mBL-RIPwF50-00036-00020012-00020670": "you take the original main loop from the game and you put all the pieces here and you have your", "mBL-RIPwF50-00037-00020690-00021006": "game running on top of Godot, right?", "mBL-RIPwF50-00038-00021257-00021370": "So", "mBL-RIPwF50-00039-00021370-00021912": "It will replace the scene tree, so you're not going to have the scene, but it's a very low level", "mBL-RIPwF50-00040-00021985-00022181": "implementation there's not going to be", "mBL-RIPwF50-00041-00022181-00022497": "scene, there's resources, maybe you can use them", "mBL-RIPwF50-00042-00022498-00023041": "maybe not, you can potentially link a runtime, very small runtime, because you", "mBL-RIPwF50-00043-00023066-00023424": "take out all the scene stuff all the scripting maybe...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00044-00023554-00024195": "The cons is, again, there's no scene, it's very low level, and you have to do this thing to run it so", "mBL-RIPwF50-00045-00024248-00024489": "you have to use this thing on the...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00046-00024551-00024751": "on the...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00047-00024776-00024935": "project properties", "mBL-RIPwF50-00048-00024935-00025446": "to say \"use this main loop instead of the scene main loop\"", "mBL-RIPwF50-00049-00025466-00025742": "(Juan, from audience) Yeah just a very tiny thing but this may not be clear.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00050-00025745-00026186": "In Godot, the SceneTree, where all the nodes go, is just like an implementation of MainLoop", "mBL-RIPwF50-00051-00026200-00026518": "You can do a different MainLoop that is not a SceneTree", "mBL-RIPwF50-00052-00026527-00026922": "You can build something like Unity uses if you want by inheriting MainLoop", "mBL-RIPwF50-00053-00026945-00027552": "It's like... MainLoop is like a higher level... SceneTree is a higher level MainLoop.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00054-00027564-00028192": "(Ariel) Right, it's an implementation of the MainLoop class. So here you can replace the scene and put your own main loop here and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00055-00028232-00028432": "Your game runs there.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00056-00028532-00028792": "The other method is: Use a Node. So you", "mBL-RIPwF50-00057-00028870-00029395": "take a node and you use all the lifecycle stuff of a node. Here's the you know", "mBL-RIPwF50-00058-00029447-00029549": "initialization,", "mBL-RIPwF50-00059-00029549-00029749": "there's the process,", "mBL-RIPwF50-00060-00029810-00030477": "somewhere you take the input... it's not here, but you know, here's when you quit... And it's kind of the same but", "mBL-RIPwF50-00061-00030575-00031080": "You have the scene. So you can put other things, you can put other nodes, you can do", "mBL-RIPwF50-00062-00031208-00031920": "transitions, maybe you can have multiple games and each one is one different node and you transition between all of them", "mBL-RIPwF50-00063-00031970-00032634": "But you have to link the entire, you know the entire scene system, right? But this is a", "mBL-RIPwF50-00064-00032834-00033135": "Another option. And so...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00065-00033350-00033561": "Specifically the main loop from the Keen game", "mBL-RIPwF50-00066-00033614-00034173": "It's not at all like the ideal main loop that we saw at the beginning", "mBL-RIPwF50-00067-00034238-00034594": "It's basically a bunch of loops that are nested", "mBL-RIPwF50-00068-00034646-00035226": "one inside the other, so for example the demo function calls the control panel function, and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00069-00035302-00035538": "then the control panel calls the show help", "mBL-RIPwF50-00070-00035549-00036147": "function, and each one of those has like an infinite loop inside that takes care of all the main loop of the game", "mBL-RIPwF50-00071-00036155-00036790": "So there's no way to separate this. And they do this, like this is a function that", "mBL-RIPwF50-00072-00036860-00037245": "waits for input for a number of frames and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00073-00037277-00037710": "this is an infinite loop that takes over the main loop of the game and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00074-00037775-00038283": "So it's impossible to do any of the things that we saw on the previous slides.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00075-00038312-00038934": "So what we have to do is, we have to run on a thread, we have to run this on a thread, and then take...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00076-00039112-00039597": "You know, sync with the thread, give the input and then take out the frames and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00077-00039742-00039942": "and I think...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00078-00040072-00040319": "Yeah, so here's some examples, so", "mBL-RIPwF50-00079-00040390-00040564": "this is", "mBL-RIPwF50-00080-00040564-00041106": "the thing that syncs with the thread, this is a semaphore, it syncs the frames and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00081-00041176-00041376": "then it takes a", "mBL-RIPwF50-00082-00041398-00041943": "texture and then it shows it on the screen. This texture is like...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00083-00042091-00042389": "This is one frame of the game. And so on each", "mBL-RIPwF50-00084-00042454-00042986": "iteration of the engine we take one frame and we show it and we give the input somewhere else.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00085-00042987-00043266": "And then the game has", "mBL-RIPwF50-00086-00043408-00043947": "All the operating system calls that it does I basically made", "mBL-RIPwF50-00087-00044077-00044277": "This API", "mBL-RIPwF50-00088-00044353-00044726": "Which is like a bunch of C functions that the game calls to do things", "mBL-RIPwF50-00089-00044746-00045425": "You know all the operating systems, all the file access is here on the... you know, memory allocation, sound", "mBL-RIPwF50-00090-00045514-00045655": "everything", "mBL-RIPwF50-00091-00045655-00046278": "The original code you have to change everything to call this API and then this API goes to the engine", "mBL-RIPwF50-00092-00046387-00046760": "And so what I did is I used a node that inherits", "mBL-RIPwF50-00093-00046837-00046957": "a", "mBL-RIPwF50-00094-00046957-00047149": "texture", "mBL-RIPwF50-00095-00047149-00047769": "Some of the calls from the game go into a GDScript because it was just easier, so", "mBL-RIPwF50-00096-00047769-00048089": "For example, this is the original game, it calls this play sound", "mBL-RIPwF50-00097-00048202-00048331": "function and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00098-00048331-00049122": "Then this is my function that does the call deferred, like this, and then this call ends up in like a GDScript", "mBL-RIPwF50-00099-00049171-00049644": "thing that uses a node to play a sound so this is useful", "mBL-RIPwF50-00100-00049644-00050000": "this is where I take advantage of having nodes and having you know", "mBL-RIPwF50-00101-00050001-00050454": "I have GDScript so I can do this kind of thing. This is you know you I don't need like", "mBL-RIPwF50-00102-00050608-00050888": "Performance or anything, I just it has to be easy", "mBL-RIPwF50-00103-00050889-00051414": "so this call deferred it takes the call out of the thread because remember this is running on a thread and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00104-00051439-00051666": "This is the scene so we can do this", "mBL-RIPwF50-00105-00051739-00052136": "We can do this on a thread. So this this takes a call out of this thread", "mBL-RIPwF50-00106-00052350-00052466": "And", "mBL-RIPwF50-00107-00052466-00052870": "So this is a game running on the editor", "mBL-RIPwF50-00108-00052875-00053444": "and as you can see that node, the root node is the it's like a sprite node and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00109-00053507-00053887": "it's showing sprite and then there's a few nodes with music and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00110-00053976-00054111": "the game just", "mBL-RIPwF50-00111-00054111-00054322": "runs inside the editor.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00112-00054416-00054721": "I think it takes input from the mouse but not from the keys", "mBL-RIPwF50-00113-00054722-00055201": "I don't know what happens there, but it works, it works accidentally", "mBL-RIPwF50-00114-00055201-00055711": "It's not meant to work on the editor, but it's interesting. I don't know accidents happen", "mBL-RIPwF50-00115-00056013-00056513": "So the old DOS code had some issues that you have to fix", "mBL-RIPwF50-00116-00056579-00057137": "One of the issues is: they read from memory directly into like a struct", "mBL-RIPwF50-00117-00057233-00057604": "from... not from memory, from a file they read directly into a", "mBL-RIPwF50-00118-00057683-00058438": "struct, into memory and so these structs they get padded by modern compilers. And so there's extra space and so the", "mBL-RIPwF50-00119-00058500-00059219": "Layout on the file doesn't match the layout in memory. And so that would crash or give you like, you know", "mBL-RIPwF50-00120-00059469-00060136": "broken levels, I had levels with no collision and stuff like that you fall through the ground as soon as you", "mBL-RIPwF50-00121-00060137-00060520": "enter the level and so here's an example. They used to do this", "mBL-RIPwF50-00122-00060776-00061549": "allocation and then they read directly into this pointer the entire length of the file. And so here I change it", "mBL-RIPwF50-00123-00061550-00061957": "it's a very small change, but you can see I changed it to: first I read to bytes and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00124-00062013-00062434": "put them on the first element and then I read the rest of the file", "mBL-RIPwF50-00125-00062535-00062869": "Minus 2 because I already read the two bytes.", "mBL-RIPwF50-00126-00062927-00063286": "Because this struct is padded after the first two bytes", "mBL-RIPwF50-00127-00063297-00063841": "so I have to read the first and then read this and this works and as you can see they used to call close and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00128-00063841-00063920": "now I", "mBL-RIPwF50-00129-00063920-00064450": "Changed it to call OS close which goes into our Godot file access close", "mBL-RIPwF50-00130-00064849-00065354": "Another thing they do is they again infinite loops,", "mBL-RIPwF50-00131-00065449-00065649": "infinite loops that wait for", "mBL-RIPwF50-00132-00065725-00066080": "keypress that comes from an interruption from the OS", "mBL-RIPwF50-00133-00066154-00066821": "And so this infinite loop obviously it's not going to do anything in a modern system because no one is changing this", "mBL-RIPwF50-00134-00067105-00067691": "variable and so it becomes, this is not the same function exactly, but it's similar, right?", "mBL-RIPwF50-00135-00067692-00068093": "It's reading the controller and then this waits for key down", "mBL-RIPwF50-00136-00068094-00068769": "it's like it syncs with a thread with the main thread, basically. This thread not only is it like a", "mBL-RIPwF50-00137-00068794-00069171": "busy wait, and also it takes over the thread and so sometimes", "mBL-RIPwF50-00138-00069226-00069426": "Depending on the system", "mBL-RIPwF50-00139-00069436-00069944": "It's going to be stuck on this thread forever. Even if you put input", "mBL-RIPwF50-00140-00070020-00070382": "So, you know, you have to do some kind of system call in that case", "mBL-RIPwF50-00141-00070390-00070996": "It's waiting for input. Maybe the input call is also a system call", "mBL-RIPwF50-00142-00071004-00071240": "I don't remember but you know these kind of things", "mBL-RIPwF50-00143-00071338-00071985": "there's like 40 places where this happens and you have to go and hand down each of them with the", "mBL-RIPwF50-00144-00072064-00072264": "reading of the files", "mBL-RIPwF50-00145-00072448-00073130": "So on the Switch it was very easy to run this on the Switch this game was, you know, very very", "mBL-RIPwF50-00146-00073201-00073515": "Fast obviously, it's going to be very fast on modern hardware", "mBL-RIPwF50-00147-00073615-00074282": "The original frames are 320 by 200 so I had to you know add black bars here", "mBL-RIPwF50-00148-00074431-00074652": "I put original music", "mBL-RIPwF50-00149-00074893-00075137": "Some changes to the head texts", "mBL-RIPwF50-00150-00075265-00075620": "And the controllers pretty much, you know, the pretty simple...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00151-00075724-00075987": "To solve... The Switch has this thing where", "mBL-RIPwF50-00152-00076042-00076502": "You know, sometimes you take out the controller, sometimes you split them", "mBL-RIPwF50-00153-00076516-00077219": "Sometimes you so all controllers go in as if they were player 1 so you can even play like cooperative", "mBL-RIPwF50-00154-00077305-00077505": "everyone controls this guy", "mBL-RIPwF50-00155-00077713-00078288": "It was this port in particular there's no issues because it's such a", "mBL-RIPwF50-00156-00078352-00079092": "Performant game, you know, it's a game. I used to run on like one megabyte ram system. So", "mBL-RIPwF50-00157-00079180-00079446": "It it's gonna run fine on a Switch", "mBL-RIPwF50-00158-00079549-00079749": "and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00159-00079772-00079972": "This is the release date", "mBL-RIPwF50-00160-00080072-00080391": "February second?. No, that's wrong. It's february seventh", "mBL-RIPwF50-00161-00080449-00080976": "It's wrong, but it's coming out on February 7th. I think it's tomorrow or Thursday", "mBL-RIPwF50-00162-00081153-00081353": "All these territories and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00163-00081497-00081697": "That's it. Questions", "mBL-RIPwF50-00164-00081828-00082526": "[Applause]", "mBL-RIPwF50-00165-00083684-00083922": "How do I get the IP for this? Yeah", "mBL-RIPwF50-00166-00084007-00084130": "so", "mBL-RIPwF50-00167-00084130-00084780": "I'm not sure how but there's like this Keen Dreams. It's like chapter 3.5", "mBL-RIPwF50-00168-00084802-00085551": "it's in between chapters 1 2 3 and 4 to 6 and it was like a different kind of release that they did and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00169-00085598-00086112": "It got lost in like when they sold the company and in the sold it again and etc", "mBL-RIPwF50-00170-00086112-00086361": "And so somebody had this", "mBL-RIPwF50-00171-00086398-00087018": "License and they sold it for like a thousand dollars on a Kickstarter a few years ago. And so", "mBL-RIPwF50-00172-00087112-00087561": "Yeah, somebody bought it and they all the paperwork checks out", "mBL-RIPwF50-00173-00087591-00088290": "And so they got in touch and that's how we this is it's you know, it's all properly licensed and everything", "mBL-RIPwF50-00174-00091516-00091716": "Make the code for this port open?", "mBL-RIPwF50-00175-00093244-00093530": "Yeah, maybe we can we can try", "mBL-RIPwF50-00176-00093531-00094140": "I mean this yeah, the original code is I think GPL or something or not the original but", "mBL-RIPwF50-00177-00094192-00094372": "the version you can...", "mBL-RIPwF50-00178-00094372-00094823": "Yeah, like a bunch of these screenshots that I... this one for example", "mBL-RIPwF50-00179-00094824-00095319": "I took it for the github yesterday from github of this code. So", "mBL-RIPwF50-00180-00095443-00095985": "so maybe this I don't see a reason why this wouldn't be but I don't know I", "mBL-RIPwF50-00181-00096052-00096252": "Don't know", "mBL-RIPwF50-00182-00096325-00096525": "Yeah, we can try", "mBL-RIPwF50-00183-00096919-00097454": "What version of Godot? hold on wait", "mBL-RIPwF50-00184-00097869-00098101": "2.1.5 custom build", "mBL-RIPwF50-00185-00098219-00098464": "There's not a lot of custom stuff. I", "mBL-RIPwF50-00186-00098552-00098788": "Had to do some, like... file and memory", "mBL-RIPwF50-00187-00098961-00099652": "manipulation because there's, in the Switch there's limitations on how much you read from the", "mBL-RIPwF50-00188-00099770-00099924": "from the", "mBL-RIPwF50-00189-00099924-00100041": "disk", "mBL-RIPwF50-00190-00100041-00100241": "basically, and so", "mBL-RIPwF50-00191-00100251-00100522": "certain things you don't want to stream them and", "mBL-RIPwF50-00192-00100583-00100954": "certain things you want to cache when you write and when you read", "mBL-RIPwF50-00193-00100968-00101438": "So there's a little bit of that but for the most part is one of these two point one", "mBL-RIPwF50-00194-00101927-00102127": "More question", "mBL-RIPwF50-00195-00102667-00103056": "Ten dollars for our game", "mBL-RIPwF50-00196-00104072-00104497": "Think it. Yeah, I think it's already on Steam. It's been for a while. Yeah", "mBL-RIPwF50-00197-00104825-00105210": "And and the SDL... sorry?", "mBL-RIPwF50-00198-00105905-00106105": "On what?", "mBL-RIPwF50-00199-00107284-00107571": "Yeah, the steam people they probably did all of this", "mBL-RIPwF50-00200-00107627-00108222": "Pretty much, although you can compile, if you compile standalone this codebase", "mBL-RIPwF50-00201-00108226-00108510": "You can tell the compiler to pack the structs", "mBL-RIPwF50-00202-00108602-00109195": "Without padding. So so you don't have the padding problem so you don't have to solve that problem", "mBL-RIPwF50-00203-00109226-00109567": "But all the other problems you have to solve them so they probably did", "mBL-RIPwF50-00204-00109580-00109923": "There's probably a talk of a guy for how they had to do this", "mBL-RIPwF50-00205-00110354-00110554": "Anyone", "mBL-RIPwF50-00206-00110985-00111546": "[Applause]"}}, {"audio_id": "mChPHA26DK4", "text": {"mChPHA26DK4-00000-00000000-00000600": "Welcome to the 3rd part of our \"User login\" tutorial.", "mChPHA26DK4-00001-00000700-00001500": "Here, we'll create a session in which the user can enter a page and they're allowed to be inside the page as long as they have successfully logged in.", "mChPHA26DK4-00002-00001600-00002400": "To start any session, we will need a function which is \"start session\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00003-00002500-00003300": "Is it \"start session\" or \"session start\"? Let's just test it quickly.", "mChPHA26DK4-00004-00003400-00003900": "Right, an error! So, it must be \"session start\". Sorry I was a bit confused there.", "mChPHA26DK4-00005-00004000-00004100": "\"Session start\", okay? So refresh, resend and \"You're in!\"", "mChPHA26DK4-00006-00004200-00005000": "We've started the session and this lets us add a session variable.", "mChPHA26DK4-00007-00005100-00007100": "So, \"You're in!\". After this I'll say \"Click here to enter the secret... no, the member page.\" okay?", "mChPHA26DK4-00008-00007200-00007800": "And this is going to be a link to a page called \"member dot php\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00009-00007900-00008900": "Let's just recap. As long as we send the right data we're going to say \"Click here to enter the member page\" which we haven't created yet.", "mChPHA26DK4-00010-00009000-00009500": "Let me remind you here that we just created our \"session start\" here, which is very important.", "mChPHA26DK4-00011-00009600-00011200": "We're going to create a session and to do this let me start and type here the dollar sign underscore session and then in brackets, in square brackets, we will give it a session name.", "mChPHA26DK4-00012-00011300-00012700": "I'll call it \"username\" and that will be equal to our \"username\". I think I will say \"dbusername\" because that's a more direct value from the database.", "mChPHA26DK4-00013-00012800-00012900": "We have our session set.", "mChPHA26DK4-00014-00013000-00013900": "As long as the user is in their browser not the browser you evoked them with, then when we echo out our session in any page now, this will be set as a session.", "mChPHA26DK4-00015-00014000-00014400": "To prove this I'll create a new page.", "mChPHA26DK4-00016-00014500-00014700": "It'll be the \"member dot php\" page.", "mChPHA26DK4-00017-00014800-00014900": "So I'll save this as \"member dot php\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00018-00015000-00016100": "Here I'll say \"echo\" and I'll echo the \"username session\", okay?", "mChPHA26DK4-00019-00016200-00017400": "In fact, I'll concatenate at the start \"Welcome\" and at the end, just to make it more expressive let me add an exclamation mark.", "mChPHA26DK4-00020-00017500-00018500": "As long as we are logged in, this should run this command here, setting our session in our browser to our \"username\" on any other page we create.", "mChPHA26DK4-00021-00018600-00019000": "If this is any other page over here and you use this code to set, it will work.", "mChPHA26DK4-00022-00019100-00019700": "You will, of course, need this function inside here, as well.", "mChPHA26DK4-00023-00019800-00020800": "So you need \"session start\" inside every page that you call or declare a session in.", "mChPHA26DK4-00024-00020900-00021400": "There we restart. Let's go back to the main page.", "mChPHA26DK4-00025-00021500-00022000": "I'll login with my details as \"Alex\" and \"abc\", click log in.", "mChPHA26DK4-00026-00022100-00022800": "\"You're in! Click here to enter the member page\". Now as you can see, there is no error. I've successfully created my session.", "mChPHA26DK4-00027-00022900-00023100": "If I click here, we get \"Welcome!\" We have got only that. Let's see what happened.", "mChPHA26DK4-00028-00023200-00023900": "Let's go back and see what I've done wrong. This should be \"username\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00029-00024000-00024600": "I'm not using any comparison here but I've put a double equals to sign here. That might be wrong.", "mChPHA26DK4-00030-00024700-00025600": "Now this should work. Let's go back to our \"index\" page and let's log in again, as we did before.", "mChPHA26DK4-00031-00025700-00026500": "Login, okay, \"You're in! Click here to enter the member page\". Click here and \"Welcome, alex!\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00032-00026600-00026700": "Now I'll go back to the login page.", "mChPHA26DK4-00033-00026800-00027100": "Most people would think all that data has been lost now.", "mChPHA26DK4-00034-00027200-00027900": "If I go back to the member page which is \"member dot php\" and press enter it is still saying \"alex\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00035-00028000-00030200": "And in some second-starts if I close my browser and reopen it and I go to \"local host php academy\" then go back to my page which is the \"login\" session and back to my member page I'm still logged in. okay?", "mChPHA26DK4-00036-00030300-00031100": "So my user is logged in. If I close the browser I am still going to be logged in when I enter back.", "mChPHA26DK4-00037-00031200-00031800": "This is a very useful function if you're doing this kind of logging in.", "mChPHA26DK4-00038-00031900-00032200": "A lot of websites to do this to keep you logged in.", "mChPHA26DK4-00039-00032300-00032500": "But now I want to create a log out page.", "mChPHA26DK4-00040-00032600-00033200": "To log out all we need to do is, we need to create a separate page and let's just save it as \"logout dot php\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00041-00033300-00033800": "And we need to end our session here.", "mChPHA26DK4-00042-00033900-00034500": "First of all, before we destroy our session we need to start it.", "mChPHA26DK4-00043-00034600-00035400": "So I'll type \"session start\" here. Let me confirm it once.", "mChPHA26DK4-00044-00035500-00036300": "Ok and then we need to say \"session destroy\". Sorry, not sestroy, destroy.", "mChPHA26DK4-00045-00036400-00036700": "If we run this page here, it will destroy our session.", "mChPHA26DK4-00046-00036800-00037900": "Here I could type a friendly error message \"You've been logged out. Click here to return\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00047-00038000-00039100": "Let me create a link back to our \"index dot php\" page.", "mChPHA26DK4-00048-00039200-00039400": "Now I'll test this again. For example, lets say.....", "mChPHA26DK4-00049-00039500-00040000": "Lets put a break there. Here I'll create a link to log out.", "mChPHA26DK4-00050-00040100-00040900": "Its important to give the link the user to our \"logout dot php\" page otherwise they'll not know how to logout.", "mChPHA26DK4-00051-00041000-00041400": "We refresh this and it will create a log out link, to log out from the php page.", "mChPHA26DK4-00052-00041500-00041800": "Click on this and you get \"You've been logged out. Click here to return.\"", "mChPHA26DK4-00053-00041900-00042300": "I assume that we've been logged out. Trying to go back to our member page dot php.", "mChPHA26DK4-00054-00042400-00042500": "We have got no variable here.", "mChPHA26DK4-00055-00042600-00043200": "Now you don't want the users to get access to this page because they are not logged in right now.", "mChPHA26DK4-00056-00043300-00043800": "So, here I'll say session start then I'll say \"if session and the session name which is username.", "mChPHA26DK4-00057-00043900-00044400": "Next I'll echo out my data to say \"Welcome\" else I'll say die.", "mChPHA26DK4-00058-00044500-00046400": "No! Not me - I want my page to die! So I'll say \"You must be logged in\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00059-00046500-00047400": "We're saying, if this session exists or if it has been created by using a correct username and password we can echo out our friendly message to say \"Welcome\" otherwise kill the page and say \"You must be logged in!\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00060-00047500-00048300": "So, this is all in this part of the tutorial. Let me summarise this for you.", "mChPHA26DK4-00061-00048400-00048500": "Remember I'm not logged in. So let me login.", "mChPHA26DK4-00062-00048600-00048900": "I am in. There's my member page. I can log out. I return here.", "mChPHA26DK4-00063-00049000-00049300": "Now as we've created member dot php, press Enter.", "mChPHA26DK4-00064-00049400-00049500": "It displays, \"You must be logged in!\".", "mChPHA26DK4-00065-00049600-00050100": "So for example I'm going to log in but I'll not click here to go.", "mChPHA26DK4-00066-00050200-00050800": "I'll just forward myself to \"member dot php\". Message has been created and I've been allowed access.", "mChPHA26DK4-00067-00050900-00051600": "Okay so that's it for now. This is the last part of this tutorial. If you have any questions on this I'll be more than happy to help.", "mChPHA26DK4-00068-00051700-00052200": "This is Evan Varkey dubbing for the Spoken Tutorial Project. Bye."}}, {"audio_id": "mCjaBbNTEcy", "text": {"mCjaBbNTEcy-00000-00000179-00000846": "Hello! So, last week we talked about volcanoes, earthquakes, and the origin and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00001-00000846-00001292": "evolution of the ocean floor. These are all different phenomena that result", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00002-00001292-00001736": "from plate tectonics, and we ended the ocean floor lecture by talking about", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00003-00001736-00002303": "what happens as an ocean basin closes due to continued subduction. And that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00004-00002303-00002949": "leads us into today's topic, which is mountain building! So we'll start by just", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00005-00002949-00003453": "talking a little bit about mountain building: what different types of", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00006-00003453-00003951": "mountains look like around the world. We'll look at the different forces that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00007-00003951-00004641": "go into building mountains, either in subduction zones or in collision zones", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00008-00004641-00005207": "between two different continental plates. We'll talk about some different mountain", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00009-00005207-00005571": "building episodes that have shaped Europe over the course of the Earth's", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00010-00005571-00006366": "history, and we'll finish by talking about the principle of isostasy.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00011-00006366-00006959": "So if you look at this map, you'll see a number of different geologic features that are", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00012-00006959-00007520": "highlighted by different colors. So in red we have young mountain belts. These", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00013-00007520-00008028": "are mountain belts that have formed in the last hundred million", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00014-00008028-00008640": "years, and they are continuing to form today. So we're looking at things like", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00015-00008640-00009267": "the North American Cordillera in the western part of North America, as well as", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00016-00009267-00009740": "the Alps or the Himalayas. What characterizes these mountains is the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00017-00009740-00010311": "fact that they're very jagged - they're rough topography, they're very tall, and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00018-00010311-00011228": "they are continuing to grow through the present time. We can contrast that with", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00019-00011228-00011714": "old mountain belts - these are mountain belts that are no longer forming", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00020-00011714-00012347": "actively. The forces that shape them have now sort of gone away, and we", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00021-00012347-00013031": "end up with these smoothed-out mountains. So this example here comes", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00022-00013031-00013341": "from the Appalachian Mountains in Eastern North America,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00023-00013341-00013827": "and they've been smoothed out due to erosion, they tend to have lower", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00024-00013827-00014369": "topography, again because of different forces that we'll talk about later in", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00025-00014369-00014816": "the lecture. You can see that here because we have trees covering the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00026-00014816-00015381": "summit of most of these mountains, which is not something that we see in the much", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00027-00015381-00016166": "taller mountains in, for example, Central Asia. So we've got shorter mountains or", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00028-00016166-00016623": "less topographically prominent mountains that have been smoothed out", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00029-00016623-00017177": "over time as a result of erosion and other forces. We also have", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00030-00017177-00017615": "highlighted some different examples of what are known as shields. I'm", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00031-00017615-00018087": "pointing here at the Orinoco shield, and there's the Greenland and Canadian", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00032-00018087-00018606": "shields here hidden by this image, and other examples around the world.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00033-00018606-00019341": "So shields are stable, very old portions of continental crust. Most of them", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00034-00019341-00019986": "are pre-Cambrian in origin, so they are over 570 million years old, and they have", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00035-00019986-00020607": "changed very little in that time as a result of tectonic forces. They might", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00036-00020607-00021189": "still have erosion and other forces acting on them but they haven't", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00037-00021189-00022520": "been shaped tectonically. All of this is a process that is known as \"orogenesis\".", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00038-00022520-00023126": "Orogenesis is just a word that means building mountains or creating mountains.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00039-00023126-00023920": "So these are the processes that collectively produce a mountain belt", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00040-00023972-00024837": "An example here on the left is a mountain in Canada called Mount Kidd and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00041-00024837-00025341": "you can see that there are some sedimentary layers in the mountain that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00042-00025341-00025908": "we can see, and you can also see that those layers have been deformed. So this", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00043-00025908-00026556": "is a mountain that displays the deformation processes that shaped it. We", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00044-00026556-00026844": "call these compressional mountains because it's", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00045-00026844-00027633": "displaying this visual evidence of compressional forces. We may also see", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00046-00027633-00028345": "indications of metamorphism or other or igneous activity. I'll have an example", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00047-00028345-00028992": "coming up in a few slides showing some more of that, but the big the big takeaway", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00048-00028992-00029562": "from all of this is that plate tectonics provides a model for how to build", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00049-00029562-00030222": "mountains or how mountains are built on the surface of the Earth. Because if you", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00050-00030222-00030654": "look at this figure, for example, you see that all of these mountains that are", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00051-00030654-00031137": "forming, so all of the young mountain belts, are forming in places where we", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00052-00031137-00032082": "have different plates coming together so we have major mountains", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00053-00032082-00032613": "that have formed or are forming along convergent plate boundaries. So the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00054-00032613-00033132": "question that I'd like you to just take a minute to think about is how you would", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00055-00033132-00033561": "explain the formation of mountains without the principles of plate", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00056-00033561-00034239": "tectonics. So if we don't think that mountains are being formed by different", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00057-00034239-00034839": "plates of lithosphere being pushed together by tectonic forces, how do we", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00058-00034839-00035570": "get tall mountains? So go ahead and pause the video and we'll continue after that.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00059-00035747-00036486": "So the main theory that was put forth in order to explain how mountains were", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00060-00036486-00037122": "formed on the Earth before we had the theory of plate tectonics was that when", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00061-00037122-00037779": "the earth was still young and forming it was very hot - this is something that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00062-00037779-00038370": "we also talked about in the initial solar system lecture in this course - and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00063-00038370-00039006": "so the earth was very hot, it was covered in a layer of molten rock and as it", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00064-00039006-00039783": "cooled it contracted and that contraction was thought to have produced", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00065-00039783-00040283": "sort of wrinkles that show as mountains on the surface. So you can think", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00066-00040283-00040697": "about this as well if you have for example an orange that you've let sit", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00067-00040847-00041318": "out for a long time. As it dries it sort of shrinks and hardens and maybe you'll", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00068-00041318-00041768": "see some bumps coming up on the surface. So that was the theory that was", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00069-00041768-00042467": "booked for us to explain how mountains formed. It's not a very satisfactory", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00070-00042467-00043232": "explanation and it doesn't answer a lot of the questions that came up in terms", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00071-00043232-00044144": "of asking how different features formed. So again we're just looking here at the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00072-00044144-00044708": "map of the world with the different major mountain belts labeled and you can", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00073-00044708-00045193": "see that they're forming - the mountains that are currently forming are", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00074-00045193-00045725": "forming along convergent plate boundaries. So, either along subduction", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00075-00045725-00046232": "zones like the North American Cordillera here or the Andes Mountains, or along a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00076-00046232-00046634": "boundary between two different continental plates - so the Alps and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00077-00046634-00047614": "Caucasus, Himalayan Mountains are all examples of a colliding plate boundary.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00078-00047875-00048412": "So if you think back to the lectures on plate tectonics when we talked about", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00079-00048412-00049001": "subduction zones - hopefully you'll remember some of the different features of subduction", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00080-00049001-00049625": "zones, or some of the different features that form in subduction zones. We have", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00081-00049625-00050012": "two different examples here where we have a convergent plate boundary: where", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00082-00050012-00050648": "ocean oceanic lithosphere is subducting underneath other oceanic", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00083-00050648-00051065": "lithosphere, or we have oceanic lithosphere subducting underneath", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00084-00051065-00051551": "continental lithosphere. So in both of those cases we have the formation of", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00085-00051551-00052187": "a volcanic arc - when it's occurring on an oceanic plate it forms an island", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00086-00052187-00052658": "arc or a volcanic island arc, and when it's forming on a continent it forms a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00087-00052658-00053271": "continental volcanic arc. We also get the formation of a deep ocean trench", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00088-00053271-00053661": "at the boundary, where the one plate is subducting underneath the other", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00089-00053661-00054573": "one. In the case of the oceanic- oceanic convergence we have a forearc", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00090-00054573-00055158": "that forms between the trench and the volcanic island arc; in the continental-oceanic", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00091-00055158-00055554": "case we have the forearc forming between the trench and the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00092-00055554-00056229": "continental volcanic arc. And then on the opposite side of the of the volcanic arc", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00093-00056229-00056816": "from the trench, we have the formation of a back-arc, so in this example for the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00094-00056816-00057239": "oceanic-oceanic convergence, that back-arc is forming in between the volcanic", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00095-00057591-00058191": "island arc and the continental margin, and in the oceanic-continental case it's", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00096-00058191-00059169": "forming on the continent itself. So when we get mountain building in volcanic", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00097-00059169-00059792": "island arcs, this is again where we have subduction of oceanic lithosphere under", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00098-00059792-00060369": "other oceanic lithosphere, so in this case the growth is coming from primarily", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00099-00060369-00061116": "a few different sources. We can have growth of", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00100-00061116-00061566": "the island arc coming from volcanic activity, which we've talked about in", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00101-00061566-00061965": "past lectures; we can also get the placement of what are called igneous", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00102-00061965-00062802": "plutons - this is magma that has risen into the rocks or", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00103-00062802-00063588": "into the crust at the surface and cooled, which causes some uplift; or we can get", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00104-00063588-00064044": "sediment that scrapes off of the subducting lithosphere and then accretes", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00105-00064044-00064752": "onto the island arc over time. If we get continued growth we end up or can end up", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00106-00064752-00065412": "with parallel belts of igneous and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00107-00065412-00066027": "metamorphic rocks. This is, for example, what you see in the islands of Japan so", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00108-00066027-00066609": "Japan is an example of this sort of island arc-type mountain building.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00109-00066609-00067083": "But really this is just sort of one phase in the development of mountain", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00110-00067083-00067551": "belts - it's sort of how you start building the raw materials to build", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00111-00067551-00068223": "bigger mountains if you want to think of it like that. So the first type of", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00112-00068223-00068544": "mountain building, or the next type of mountain building that we'll talk about", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00113-00068544-00069084": "is Andean-type modeling. This is where we have subduction happening underneath", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00114-00069084-00069813": "a continent, so the example here is the Andes Mountains in South America, where", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00115-00069813-00070356": "the name comes from. So we start off with a passive continental margin", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00116-00070356-00071142": "think back to the ocean floor lecture last week where we talked", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00117-00071142-00071529": "about the different types of continental margins - this is the continental", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00118-00071529-00072195": "margin where we don't have tectonic activity taking place. After some period", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00119-00072195-00072828": "of time, the tectonic forces may change direction and we initiate", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00120-00072828-00073398": "subduction underneath the continent. This only will happen of course if the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00121-00073398-00073848": "oceanic lithosphere is dense enough to sink or to subduct underneath the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00122-00073848-00074496": "continent, but over time this forms a continental volcanic arc. We can get", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00123-00074496-00075027": "emplacement of crystallized magma, again this is what's known as a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00124-00075027-00075633": "batholith, and eventually we have some uplift and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00125-00075633-00076221": "erosion that exposes the batholith at the surface. I should also mention that as", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00126-00076221-00077196": "magma is intruding into the crust, or rather, as the subduction is happening,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00127-00077196-00077754": "we have water on the surface of the subducting plate that lowers the melting", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00128-00077754-00078537": "temperature of the surrounding rock, triggering volcanism. We then", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00129-00078537-00079083": "have magma that rises up into the crust and it sort of pools there. This is", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00130-00079083-00079629": "what's known as a primary magma - this is the the initial magma that has formed.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00131-00079629-00080314": "As it starts to cool you get crystallising of some of the, or you", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00132-00080314-00080845": "can get crystallizing of some of the heavier minerals, which makes the magma", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00133-00080845-00081445": "less dense, and it rises or it can rise even higher. This is what's known as a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00134-00081445-00082312": "secondary magma. So once once you have this magma that's rising,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00135-00082312-00083008": "it eventually crystallizes and forms, again, these batholith features.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00136-00083008-00083446": "So this is a diagram of what this looks like. We're starting again with a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00137-00083446-00083920": "passive continental margin we have continental lithosphere and we have", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00138-00083920-00084525": "oceanic lithosphere off to the one side. After a period of time we end up with", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00139-00084525-00085219": "the plates changing direction and we get the initiation of subduction underneath", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00140-00085219-00086035": "the continent. We get the formation of an accretionary wedge, so this is where", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00141-00086035-00086530": "sediment is being scraped off of the subducting plate, we get this partial", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00142-00086530-00087532": "melting again and we get these batholith or pluton features forming in the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00143-00087532-00088504": "continental volcanic arc after some period of time subduction ceases and we", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00144-00088504-00089122": "get some uplift of this accretionary wedge and erosion which eventually", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00145-00089126-00089920": "exposes the batholith features that have been placed during the active volcanism.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00146-00089930-00090638": "So another look at what this might look like", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00147-00090639-00091162": "in the real world, this is an example from Torres del Paine in southern Chile,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00148-00091162-00091690": "and what you see in this mountain is two different types of rocks first you see", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00149-00091690-00092200": "these dark rocks which are metamorphosed sedimentary rocks and you see this", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00150-00092200-00092812": "cream-colored rock which is a granite that formed as a magma intrusion into the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00151-00092812-00093441": "sedimentary rock. Because the granite, or the magma, was partially", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00152-00093441-00093991": "molten, it metamorphosed this sedimentary rock. Eventually the whole thing was", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00153-00093991-00095052": "uplifted, and erosion exposed these features of the surface. Another type of", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00154-00095052-00095367": "mountain building that can take place is what's known as Cordilleran-type", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00155-00095367-00096030": "mountain building. So this is where we also can get subduction", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00156-00096030-00096723": "underneath a continent but hat we have here is subduction zones that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00157-00096723-00097368": "form an island arc so we get volcanic islands that are forming off", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00158-00097368-00098130": "the coast and as we continue subduction of those islands, they're sort of accreted on", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00159-00098130-00098811": "to the continent - they're sort of just smashed into the continent as the two", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00160-00098811-00099339": "plates are coming together. So you can see that in this map here you have all", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00161-00099339-00099789": "of these different colors representing rocks of different origin, so these are", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00162-00099789-00100449": "all different either old crustal fragments or volcanic", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00163-00100449-00100986": "islands that formed in some cases what are known as micro-continents - so", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00164-00100986-00101523": "something like Madagascar - that has eventually just been sort of shoved into", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00165-00101523-00102105": "the North American continent as the Pacific Ocean, or as the Pacific plate", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00166-00102105-00102741": "has continued to open up and then subduct underneath North America. So", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00167-00102741-00103890": "these individual blocks are known as terranes (t-e-r-r-a-n-e-s)", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00168-00103890-00104469": "these are just sort of rocks that are different from the continent that they", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00169-00104469-00104784": "are attached to - so they've formed in a different way or", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00170-00104784-00105276": "in a different place. They're what's known as exotic material so", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00171-00105276-00105941": "something that's come from far away, if you like.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00172-00106157-00106823": "What this looks like in a diagram - so we have again a subduction zone, we have a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00173-00106823-00107294": "subducting oceanic lithosphere underneath a continent,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00174-00107294-00107767": "formation of a continental volcanic arc, we have a trench, and then we have these", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00175-00107767-00108283": "inactive island arcs that are being subducted, as well as eventually this", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00176-00108283-00108997": "microcontinent. So as this all moves towards this continental margin", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00177-00108997-00109682": "for example, you have the volcanic arc that ends up getting sort of sheared off", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00178-00109682-00110194": "of this subducting plate - it kind of plugs up the trench and it eventually", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00179-00110194-00110917": "can cause subduction to cease. So you end up again, you just sort of smear this", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00180-00110917-00111664": "island arc onto the continent that is formed here on the on the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00181-00111664-00112250": "right. Over time, eventually, we also see this microcontinent - so again think", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00182-00112250-00112951": "something like Madagascar - that moves into this continental margin. We might", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00183-00112951-00113466": "get the reactivation of subduction, the re-formation of an ocean trench and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00184-00113466-00114023": "eventually this microcontinent will also be accreted onto the continental", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00185-00114023-00114797": "margin. Okay so this is probably a good place to take a pause, so go ahead and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00186-00114797-00115984": "pause the video, and go stretch your legs and come back in a few minutes.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00187-00115984-00116476": "Okay, so another type of mountain building that we'll talk about today is what's known", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00188-00116476-00117032": "as Alpine-type mountain building. So this is where we have two", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00189-00117032-00117698": "pieces of continental lithosphere that are coming together. Another definition", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00190-00117698-00118247": "here is that the area where the two continents come together - so where they", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00191-00118247-00118788": "sort of weld on to each other - is what known as a suture, and where that suture", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00192-00118788-00119349": "forms we can also find what are called ophiolites. These are preserved", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00193-00119349-00120051": "portions of oceanic lithosphere that help us identify where that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00194-00120051-00120689": "original continental boundary was. If you remember to last week's", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00195-00120689-00121527": "lecture on the ocean floor you have so all of these all of these boundaries are", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00196-00121527-00122126": "sort of starting as an ocean basin separating two continents and eventually", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00197-00122126-00122739": "the continents as they come together it sort of folds and pushes all of these", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00198-00122739-00123390": "ocean sediments into the continent that's being collided with. In this case", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00199-00123390-00123992": "we have the African plate that is sort of compressing the Mediterranean Basin", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00200-00123992-00124416": "into southern Europe.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00201-00124426-00125240": "So one of the features that we can see in these sorts of compressional mountain building episodes is", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00202-00125240-00125952": "what's known as a fold-and-thrust belt. So we have here these originally horizontally placed", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00203-00125952-00126675": "sedimentary layers, and as we apply a compressive force to them, we get", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00204-00126675-00127283": "thrust faulting that happens along weak spots in the different layers, and we get", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00205-00127283-00127958": "this sort of build up and folding that occurs as well as the thrust fault. As we", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00206-00127958-00128520": "continue applying the compressive force we see additional thrust faults forming,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00207-00128520-00129260": "more folding and this keeps going and we get these nice sort of wavy ridge-like", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00208-00129260-00129809": "features that can develop, where we have multiple thrust faults sort of built up", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00209-00129809-00130241": "on top of each other alongside these folds. You can see that in the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00210-00130241-00131049": "schematic here (right) as well as in this cross-sectional view that you can see down at", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00211-00131049-00131892": "the bottom of the of the slide here. I mentioned last week during the ocean", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00212-00131892-00132747": "floor lecture that the Himalayas were formed, or began forming as a result of a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00213-00132747-00133329": "collision that started about 50 million years ago. So India broke off of the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00214-00133329-00134067": "supercontinent Pangea and moved rapidly northward, and it closed in this ocean", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00215-00134067-00134934": "basin that separated it and the continent of Eurasia. As time went on the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00216-00134934-00135569": "ocean basin grew smaller and smaller until eventually what you see is that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00217-00135569-00136371": "the ocean basin closed off, we ended subduction, and we got this large", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00218-00136371-00137043": "collision between these two pieces of continental lithosphere. So we have a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00219-00137043-00137511": "major uplift event that occurred and as a part of this, forming the Tibetan", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00220-00137511-00138333": "Plateau. A big reason for the way that this has formed is because of the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00221-00138333-00139209": "different lithologies (rock types) that are involved. So the subcontinent of India or the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00222-00139209-00139881": "continental lithosphere that makes up India is made of Precambrian rock and if", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00223-00139881-00140480": "you remember I mentioned earlier that Precambrian rock is this very old, very", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00224-00140480-00141333": "very rigid material that formed about 570 million years ago, and so India has", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00225-00141333-00142020": "largely resisted deformation because of the type of rock that that makes it", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00226-00142020-00142650": "up. So as it has collided with Eurasia it sort of acted as this large solid block", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00227-00142650-00143310": "that has kind of compressed and caused all sorts of different thrusts and fold", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00228-00143310-00144003": "belts that have built up the Himalayas over this time. India is still moving", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00229-00144003-00144663": "northward at this time so we still see this upward growth of the Himalayas as a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00230-00144663-00145323": "result of this ongoing collision. If we look at this in a map view", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00231-00145323-00146263": "what we can see is that we have this again cold, dense, rigid slab that makes", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00232-00146263-00146878": "up India moving northward into Eurasia. you can see the very large uplifted", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00233-00146878-00147361": "area that is now the Tibetan Plateau, as well as the main arc of the Himalayan", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00234-00147361-00147852": "mountains. But in addition to that, you also see that we've developed these", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00235-00147852-00148462": "faults off to the southeast from where the main interaction is", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00236-00148462-00149038": "occurring. What's happening is that as India is pushing or continuing to", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00237-00149038-00149665": "push into Eurasia, we're seeing that in Southeast Asia this area with", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00238-00149665-00150180": "Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand is moving off towards the southeast - it's", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00239-00150180-00150991": "sort of being squeezed out as the as the Eurasian bloc is compressed, and the same", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00240-00150991-00151534": "thing is happening with most of mainland China - it's being pushed off a little bit", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00241-00151534-00152332": "more towards the east rather than sharply to the southeast. So if we look", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00242-00152332-00152920": "at some examples of the Himalayan mountains today, you can see again these", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00243-00152920-00153502": "are very sharp, jagged peaks, very tall mountains indicating that they're still", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00244-00153502-00154359": "very young - they're still forming. If we look back to Europe now, what we can see", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00245-00154359-00154858": "is that there have been a number of different what are called orogenies or", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00246-00154858-00155541": "mountain-building phases that have formed Europe. So we'll talk about a few of", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00247-00155541-00155911": "those. The first is the Caledonian orogeny, which formed a lot of the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00248-00155911-00156496": "mountains that we see in Scotland and Northern Ireland, as well as Scandinavia.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00249-00156496-00156958": "this is the same mountain building episode that formed", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00250-00156958-00157444": "parts of the Appalachian Mountains in eastern North America. There's also the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00251-00157444-00157945": "Variscan or Hercynian orogeny, which formed parts", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00252-00157945-00158365": "of more central southern and western Europe.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00253-00158365-00158770": "And then there's the Alpine orogeny, which is forming the Alps today and is", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00254-00158770-00159565": "continuing. So starting with the Caledonian orogeny - this formed lots of", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00255-00159565-00160065": "or large parts of Northern Europe as I mentioned, so Scandinavia we get", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00256-00160065-00160714": "mountains along the east coast of Greenland as well and the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00257-00160714-00161344": "mountains in Scotland and Ireland. So this is a mountain building episode that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00258-00161344-00162061": "took place between about 490 and 390 million years ago, this occurred after", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00259-00162061-00162643": "the closure of the Iapetus ocean - this is the the ocean that formed some of the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00260-00162643-00163363": "sedimentary rocks that we saw on the field trip last week - and we got this", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00261-00163363-00163921": "sort of three-way collision between the continents of Laurentia, Baltica - which", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00262-00163921-00164593": "formed sort of eastern and northern or eastern and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00263-00164593-00165181": "northeastern Europe, a large part of North America and Greenland and then", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00264-00165181-00165774": "parts of sort of Western Europe as well in this continent called Avalonia. So this", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00265-00165774-00166363": "mountain building episode formed among other things the Sperrins and the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00266-00166363-00167052": "Donegal mountains here in Ireland as well as the Newry granodiorite complex,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00267-00167052-00167659": "another formation that we'll talk about, here in Northern Ireland. So the Sperrins", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00268-00167659-00168010": "Rocks, or rather the Sperrin Mountains are this", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00269-00168010-00168540": "mountain range sort of to the south of us here in Coleraine, and it bends off", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00270-00168540-00168901": "towards the southwest until it's eventually headed west", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00271-00168901-00169531": "into County Donegal. These rocks were originally deposited in", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00272-00169531-00170350": "pre-cambrian times, so 700 to 600 million years ago, and they were originally sandstones,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00273-00170360-00171114": "mudstones, and limestones, so these are sedimentary rocks that are forming in river deltas,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00274-00171114-00171690": "they're forming in shallow, warm, seas because remember that all of Ireland and Britain", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00275-00171690-00172281": "were much closer to the equator at this time. As a result of the Caledonian", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00276-00172281-00173040": "orogeny, we have these rocks metamorphosed and forming schists and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00277-00173040-00173529": "quartzites that make up the mountains today, or rather make up the rocks that we can", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00278-00173529-00174537": "see there today. Further to the west in County Donegal, we have limestones that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00279-00174537-00175164": "have metamorphosed into marbles, we get slates that were originally mudstones,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00280-00175164-00175488": "and we have quartzite that was originally formed with sand stones - but", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00281-00175488-00176022": "again, we have the same sedimentary rocks that were making up", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00282-00176022-00176631": "this part of Ireland that are being transformed in similar ways as a result", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00283-00176631-00177630": "of this as a result of this mountain building episode. And then in the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00284-00177630-00178113": "mountains of Mourne, so down here to the south of Belfast, we have what's called", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00285-00178113-00179298": "the Newry Granodiorite complex - so these are igneous intrusions", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00286-00179298-00179916": "at depth, again similar to the example that we saw from Chile earlier, and then", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00287-00179916-00180453": "are eventually brought to the surface as a result of uplift and erosion. You can", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00288-00180453-00181191": "see an example here of a dolorite dyke, this black stripe or this very dark", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00289-00181191-00181724": "stripe of rock in this lighter stripe, you can also see a nice little fault", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00290-00181724-00182661": "here as well. So again we see evidence of metamorphism, we see evidence of igneous", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00291-00182661-00183348": "rocks intruding into the sedimentary rocks, we see evidence of uplift and all", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00292-00183348-00184371": "of these other sorts of forces coming together. Later on we have what is called", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00293-00184371-00184803": "the Variscan or Hercynian Orogeny, so this", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00294-00184803-00185460": "is what has formed mountains in parts of southern and southwestern Europe, so for", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00295-00185460-00186261": "example, Spain and Portugal, France, parts of Germany, sort of more north of the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00296-00186261-00186912": "Alps and to the northwest of the Alps. So this is during the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00297-00186912-00187290": "Carboniferous era, which is if you remember from our field trip", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00298-00187290-00187935": "when the sandstones in Ballycastle were formed, and this is a result of the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00299-00187935-00188472": "collision of two continents: Laurussia and Gondwana,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00300-00188472-00189144": "and this is actually what helped form the supercontinent of Pangea, and in", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00301-00189144-00189939": "Ireland it formed the mountains of South Munster. So in Ireland we get again in a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00302-00189939-00190386": "couple of different areas we have these very nicely folded", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00303-00190386-00190841": "sedimentary layers in an area called Loughshinny just north of Dublin, and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00304-00190841-00191498": "these are originally sedimentary rocks that were folded and thrusted in a very", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00305-00191498-00192135": "very nice way, and they're originally again Carboniferous that are formed at", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00306-00192135-00192705": "about the same time as the sandstone that we saw in Ballycastle. We also see", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00307-00192705-00193290": "similar folding or evidence of folding in the hills near Bantry Bay down here", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00308-00193290-00194406": "in the southwest of Ireland. In central sort of southern central France we have", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00309-00194406-00194943": "an area that's known as Massif Central. This is a highland area in southern", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00310-00194943-00195404": "France that is composed mostly of granitic metamorphic rocks and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00311-00195404-00196164": "these were uplifted and formed at the same time as the folds that we just saw", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00312-00196164-00197064": "from parts of Ireland. Finally, we're now looking at the Alpine Orogeny so", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00313-00197064-00197601": "this is affecting among other places southern Europe, starting from about 65", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00314-00197601-00198088": "million years ago so as the North Atlantic is opening up.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00315-00198088-00198650": "Around the same time that we're also seeing large amounts of volcanic", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00316-00198650-00199112": "activity in Ireland, for example what formed the Giant's Causeway that we saw", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00317-00199112-00199904": "last week on the field trip. It's also forming mountains in Turkey, Iran, all", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00318-00199904-00200447": "the way through to the Himalayas. This is where we have the African plate and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00319-00200447-00201053": "the Indian plate moving north, colliding with Eurasia, forming lots of different", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00320-00201053-00201707": "mountain belts and eventually closing off the Mediterranean Basin. So you can", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00321-00201707-00202232": "see here some just some images of the Pyrenees and the Alps and one thing that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00322-00202232-00202706": "you can see is that these are still very young mountains much like the Himalayas.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00323-00202706-00203171": "They're still forming, there's not been a ton of erosion to", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00324-00203171-00204068": "really smooth them out over time. You can also see this nice thrust feature here", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00325-00204068-00204569": "on this image where we have some sedimentary layers that have been pushed", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00326-00204569-00205325": "up on top of this this other layer, this other rock, over here. So this is again", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00327-00205325-00206294": "another example of a compressional mountain. So that brings us to the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00328-00206294-00206975": "principle of isostasy. Remember that we have the less dense lithosphere that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00329-00206975-00207560": "is essentially floating on top of the much denser rocks of the mantle and so", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00330-00207560-00208169": "much like when you float a block of wood in water or ice in water you know that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00331-00208169-00208975": "that rock is effectively displacing what's beneath it in order to stay", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00332-00208975-00209612": "floating. That concept, that everything is sort of in gravitational", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00333-00209612-00210253": "balance, is what we call isostasy. When when we apply this to mountains,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00334-00210253-00211001": "what that means is that as we're compressing these plates together, as", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00335-00211001-00211707": "we're building up these mountains, we have to displace material in the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00336-00211707-00212109": "mantle in order to compensate for that weight. So we actually get mantle that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00337-00212109-00212875": "flows away from where we have the mountain range forming. And so over time", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00338-00212875-00213553": "we have erosion that then sort of reduces the weight of the mountain range", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00339-00213553-00214039": "because it's moving, it's taking material and it's putting it off into the ocean", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00340-00214039-00214639": "or further into the continent and so we actually end up with mantle flowing back", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00341-00214639-00215191": "in and uplifting parts of this mountain range. Eventually over very long", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00342-00215191-00215769": "periods of time this sort of eventually goes away, and you have sort of a normal", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00343-00215769-00216604": "balanced or a normal crust thickness that forms. This is a similar process to", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00344-00216604-00217150": "what happens when glaciers and large ice sheets melt - so when you put the weight", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00345-00217150-00217702": "of a massive glacier or ice sheet on top of the lithosphere that also will", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00346-00217702-00218596": "displace (material in the) mantle and cause different flow patterns in the mantle. So one thing", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00347-00218596-00219381": "that happens as well is that as mountains are growing, gravity is trying", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00348-00219381-00220007": "to pull them down, right? Much the same way that gravity gets everyone down.", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00349-00220007-00220375": "gravity is trying to pull these mountains down, and", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00350-00220375-00220857": "because of the pressure overhead, they're a bit warmer, they tend to be a little", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00351-00220857-00221377": "bit weaker, and so that actually can cause some flow in the mountains that", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00352-00221377-00221742": "causes subsidence as a result of their weight. So they're", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00353-00221742-00222560": "sort of flowing outwards and that helps to sort of", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00354-00222560-00223248": "bring things back into balance a little bit. So this spreading that happens", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00355-00223248-00223731": "and the subsidence that happens because of the the spreading that occurs, is", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00356-00223731-00224302": "what's called gravitational collapse. So when you have older mountains that's", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00357-00224302-00225036": "another process that is occurring. So that leads us to looking at a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00358-00225036-00225451": "couple of the highest mountains in the world. We have of course Mount Everest,", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00359-00225451-00225917": "nearly 8900 meters and it's still growing at about", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00360-00225917-00226652": "four millimeters per year. So that's Mount Everest here, its location in the", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00361-00226652-00227248": "map here, and it's growing at four millimeters per year. But there's", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00362-00227248-00227653": "a bit of an open-ended question of how much longer is that sustainable?", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00363-00227653-00228421": "Similarly we have the amount of called Nanga Parbat here in Pakistan that is a", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00364-00228421-00228752": "bit shorter than Mount Everest - it's \"only\"", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00365-00228752-00229336": "8100 metres tall but it is growing at over seven millimeters per year, so it's", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00366-00229336-00229955": "almost double as fast as Mount Everest. And again, it's just a question of how", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00367-00229955-00230409": "much longer is that a sustainable thing?", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00368-00230491-00231244": "So that's it for the mountain building lecture. Here's a list of some different", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00369-00231244-00231881": "videos and other things that you can go look at to learn a little bit more. If", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00370-00231881-00232508": "you have access to the textbook it's chapter 14 which covers the same", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00371-00232508-00233059": "material that we've gone over today. Otherwise, I hope that you enjoyed", "mCjaBbNTEcy-00372-00233059-00233827": "it, and please email me and if you have any questions. Thanks, Bye!"}}, {"audio_id": "mCjM5cxtc8Q", "text": {"mCjM5cxtc8Q-00000-00000000-00000572": "Yes, we know this video is 240p. Please click the donate card at the end of vid so our next one isn't. Thanks!"}}, {"audio_id": "mCAV8lMPyl0", "text": {"mCAV8lMPyl0-00000-00000212-00000782": "Have you tried playing Quiz on ẹJOY Go web and didn't know how to play it?", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00001-00000808-00001008": "This video is for you.", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00002-00001024-00001598": "Open a video on eJOY Go, watch the video, then choose Quiz.", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00003-00001634-00002004": "Try to watch the video before doing the Quiz.", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00004-00002042-00002120": "Step 1:", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00005-00002158-00002306": "Tap Play Game", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00006-00002306-00002746": "or you can change the Game settings before starting.", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00007-00002796-00003394": "The default game has 12 questions asked in 3 different game types,", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00008-00003415-00003968": "which are: Fill in the blank, Build a sentence, Complete a sentence", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00009-00004022-00004820": "You can choose to play with 5,10, 20 questions of one game type in one session.", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00010-00004862-00005454": "Choose number of questions first, then click on game type icon.", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00011-00005508-00005870": "Step 2: Listen to each dialogue line.", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00012-00005918-00006234": "Step 3: Answer the questions", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00013-00006246-00006792": "Complete a sentence: Choose correct words in order to fill the blocks", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00014-00006876-00007309": "Fill in the blank : Type in the missing words", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00015-00007348-00007931": "Build a sentence: Type the first letter of each word", "mCAV8lMPyl0-00016-00009714-00010332": "Not that difficult right? Try to do Quiz again."}}, {"audio_id": "mCUYwHge7VA", "text": {"mCUYwHge7VA-00000-00005286-00005552": "Yes, this is good, this is good.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00001-00005552-00005732": "I'll probably stream the campaign when it comes out", "mCUYwHge7VA-00002-00005732-00005990": "because I think it's a good-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00003-00007326-00007590": "Because it should destroy them, right?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00004-00007590-00007830": "Let's just try like a really big YOLO jump", "mCUYwHge7VA-00005-00008486-00008804": "Someone said \"I'm super drunk and I just got here\"", "mCUYwHge7VA-00006-00008804-00009248": "\"Ates this trash pickle.\" Ates this trash- what?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00007-00009248-00009448": "-to the right. I'm like, \"oh\".", "mCUYwHge7VA-00008-00009734-00010118": "Yeah, we are not taking that car. Aww, never mind, whatever, it's passed.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00009-00010118-00010318": "Why am I doing so many runs today? I don't know, I just-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00010-00015446-00015622": "-pure vinegar. Ooh. Eugh.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00011-00015841-00015919": "Go.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00012-00015924-00016030": "Listen, shh shh-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00013-00016030-00016230": "It's about to disappear behind the label.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00014-00016282-00016412": "He's doing it. He's got it.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00015-00016412-00016612": "You can hear it inside him. Chug chug chug.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00016-00016680-00016932": "Alright. We're up to 30. Quick, chase it-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00017-00018644-00018726": "Wow.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00018-00021676-00021944": "-one point it was the most prominent thing on the track.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00019-00021948-00022428": "The Truffade Nero. I have to say it wasn't as popular as the others.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00020-00022428-00022874": "Probably because it had the same downfalls of the car's sister, the Adder,", "mCUYwHge7VA-00021-00022874-00023256": "being fast as hell on long straights, but lacking in every other category.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00022-00023256-00023396": "I didn't really see many-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00023-00026589-00026774": "Payday fellas.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00024-00027189-00027389": "I smashed straight into the Lamppost.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00025-00027389-00027594": "Cause the next one is just around the corner here.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00026-00027726-00027858": "And it's right here.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00027-00027858-00028058": "Is the stunt jump- are we supposed to jump it?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00028-00028214-00028550": "So what's the- what's the next big game we all play? I had a long day.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00029-00028610-00028706": "I don't know.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00030-00028750-00029014": "Oh, ahh, I need a third smoke actually.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00031-00029089-00029176": "It's been a really hard d-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00032-00029295-00029556": "And it counted as a kill from me. And you killed me.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00033-00029933-00030094": "Ohh nice!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00034-00030094-00030422": "Not only did I clear the next gap, but I went up a floor.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00035-00030422-00030506": "Oh.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00036-00030568-00030804": "So the meme is like, no Oddjob allowed.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00037-00031006-00031212": "*laughs*", "mCUYwHge7VA-00038-00031212-00031268": "Ow.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00039-00031268-00031388": "Wouldn't you like to know.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00040-00031444-00031880": "Ooh, now you're coming out, cause the doors just opened for no reason.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00041-00032702-00033026": "Stop the vehicle and get out.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00042-00033144-00033358": "Okay, that cop just came out of a mountain.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00043-00033422-00033608": "*laughs* Question mark.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00044-00033780-00034076": "Oh wow, my bus spawned *in* Fort Zancudo.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00045-00034216-00034472": "Oh, oh, I'm glitching through. I just fell out.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00046-00034554-00034604": "Oh.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00047-00034604-00034712": "And I survived!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00048-00034770-00035002": "Did you land outside Fort Zancudo as well?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00049-00035150-00035300": "What a waste of a server.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00050-00035588-00035722": "That was a perfectly good server rack in-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00051-00035722-00036086": "Oh, darn it! Wow, I hit the wrong button. I'm so sorry about that.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00052-00036198-00036456": "I went to hit F to get of the vehicle and I hit G.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00053-00036456-00036616": "Setup passed. Okay What??", "mCUYwHge7VA-00054-00036814-00036864": "Okay.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00055-00036864-00037380": "Firstly, stay the fuck away from my Green Juice, okay?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00056-00037420-00037764": "Secondly, stand exactly here.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00057-00041132-00041190": "Yeah.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00058-00041358-00041598": "Oh Jesus, oh Jesus, oh Jesus, oh Jesu-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00059-00041598-00041810": "You'll survive Tony, don't worry. Oh Jesus. I know I will.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00060-00041810-00042010": "Oh no I might not! Okay.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00061-00042010-00042108": "You will.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00062-00042108-00042250": "Oh God oh God oh God.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00063-00042334-00042592": "And no, I say I might not because I was about a foot and a half", "mCUYwHge7VA-00064-00042594-00042860": "away from hitting the helicopter blades. Oh.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00065-00042860-00043148": "Ahh yeah, on a bike but just mash left and right click", "mCUYwHge7VA-00066-00043148-00043524": "and if you do it like, fast enough, or slow enough, I don't know if it is,", "mCUYwHge7VA-00067-00043524-00043842": "Uh, your guy will not finish the full animation and it looks like he's just like", "mCUYwHge7VA-00068-00043842-00044232": "switching and- Oh yeah. Oh my God, wow.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00069-00044352-00044478": "Wait, how do you do it?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00070-00044478-00044672": "So you like- I think you just have to mash it fast enough.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00071-00044726-00044964": "It's really hard, by the way. Yeah, I don't know if it's fast enough, cause sometimes", "mCUYwHge7VA-00072-00044964-00045164": "he does a kick, but he does like-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00073-00045210-00045680": "I'm cycling along boys! Here we go! Wow. Pedal the bike! So what do you-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00074-00045680-00045880": "I fucking felt that.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00075-00045960-00046192": "Oh Jesus, what? Oh God, wh-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00076-00046336-00046572": "Something Jack can't relate to.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00077-00046872-00047106": "Oh yeah, *that* was beautiful!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00078-00047106-00047306": "I turned around just in time to see that.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00079-00047306-00047420": "Well, it's straight enough.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00080-00047420-00047470": "Whoa, that was-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00081-00047528-00047578": "Oh no!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00082-00047608-00047658": "Oh God!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00083-00047932-00048256": "Ohhh, ow! Ow oh Jesus ow! Ow!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00084-00048436-00048686": "Wait, what? Okay- oh God.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00085-00048686-00049010": "Did you climb on it? Wait what the fuck, what happened? Uh...", "mCUYwHge7VA-00086-00049068-00049250": "I did minus two.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00087-00049322-00049498": "I am doing- ow!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00088-00049582-00049766": "I got on the train!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00089-00049766-00049858": "That was a good one.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00090-00049858-00050006": "That was a really good one.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00091-00050144-00050414": "The vehicle you wish what? Were not in the game.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00092-00050492-00050578": "Yeah.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00093-00050612-00051032": "Uh, please kill these cops. Ow! Ple- ow!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00094-00051032-00051346": "Oh my God, I just got hit by your flaming bike and died.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00095-00051538-00051724": "Uh oh. Aaaaaand...", "mCUYwHge7VA-00096-00051860-00052132": "I dunno why I fell off on that one. Oh- oh-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00097-00052276-00052414": "Oh no!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00098-00052414-00053116": "Also, watch this uh, Vigilante make like- freak out because it exists in the same place.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00099-00053284-00053379": "Wait for it.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00100-00053470-00053528": "Bdrdrdrdrdrdm.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00101-00053591-00053846": "Oh Jesus, oh God!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00102-00053846-00054046": "Wait, it's upside down, just hovering- okay.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00103-00054700-00055267": "These guys have got a lot of health so I'm just like, shooting them a few times with the Minigun.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00104-00055708-00056288": "Oh, I just got- aww, I almost flew through the hole in the statue.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00105-00056288-00056338": "*Discord noise*", "mCUYwHge7VA-00106-00056444-00056779": "Oh I just ASSASSINATED that woman, did you see that?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00107-00056832-00057302": "I hit that bike and it flew into the woman and slammed her up against the wall li-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00108-00057302-00057394": "Oh what the fuck?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00109-00057394-00057864": "Yeah I've- I've seen it. I've seen videos of- of people just like, being like", "mCUYwHge7VA-00110-00057864-00058308": "Don't put your PCs on glass desks, and then it's just a PC through the desk.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00111-00058310-00058438": "Like, good job!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00112-00058791-00058841": "*Windows noise*", "mCUYwHge7VA-00113-00058916-00059167": "Oohhhh- Cool. Hooray.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00114-00059267-00059334": "Cool.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00115-00060386-00060504": "Everyone done?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00116-00060550-00060600": "Yep.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00117-00061036-00061226": "I just killed myself!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00118-00061454-00061534": "I think I sh-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00119-00062041-00062152": "It's payday today.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00120-00062404-00062667": "Imagine someone- imagine you ring someone, alright?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00121-00062714-00063005": "They answered it, and then they just hung up. Whoa, what the fuck?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00122-00063222-00063648": "I thought- I thought I was the only one that heard that, and then you were like, freaking out as well, like, \"What the hell?\"", "mCUYwHge7VA-00123-00063648-00063858": "Max level in Borderlands 1 is 69.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00124-00063858-00064058": "Whoa, nice truck over there.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00125-00064258-00064426": "Whoa, he fell off! Wait, what the fuck?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00126-00064520-00064616": "It didn't explo-", "mCUYwHge7VA-00127-00064616-00064916": "I have O- Osteoporosis.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00128-00065029-00065212": "I have crippling depre- What?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00129-00065258-00065336": "Oh I killed him.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00130-00065448-00065664": "Whoa! *laughs* Whoa!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00131-00066016-00066216": "Ow, I'm getting shot.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00132-00066382-00066516": "\"The Barrage was destroyed\"...", "mCUYwHge7VA-00133-00066610-00066890": "\"The Barrage was destroyed\". Huh? What?", "mCUYwHge7VA-00134-00067002-00067390": "Oh! It dropped into- it dropped into a fucking swimming pool!", "mCUYwHge7VA-00135-00067390-00067590": "*laughs*", "mCUYwHge7VA-00136-00067682-00068146": "I just saw it when my camera- when my camera went up, I just saw it sitting in a fucking swimming pool.", "mCUYwHge7VA-00137-00068208-00068418": "Aw, for FUCK'S sake!"}}, {"audio_id": "mD07xcTzGiE", "text": {"mD07xcTzGiE-00000-00000044-00000296": "Yo hello hello welcome to The Elephant in", "mD07xcTzGiE-00001-00000298-00000546": "the Room. My name is Eric and this video", "mD07xcTzGiE-00002-00000546-00000802": "will be the third part of the chapter five", "mD07xcTzGiE-00003-00000807-00001135": "of the book The Origin Of Most Problems.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00004-00001159-00002540": "music playing", "mD07xcTzGiE-00005-00002560-00002787": "So, let's first remember what we talked", "mD07xcTzGiE-00006-00002787-00003003": "about in the last video. I mean, there are", "mD07xcTzGiE-00007-00003003-00003222": "people who would think that we need rules", "mD07xcTzGiE-00008-00003227-00003420": "and laws in order to stop bad human", "mD07xcTzGiE-00009-00003420-00003758": "behavior,but then we met the bad students,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00010-00003758-00003995": "\"the bad students\" of our world. We met", "mD07xcTzGiE-00011-00003995-00004212": "the mafia, the terrorist, the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00012-00004212-00004525": "hacker, and the cheater, and together they", "mD07xcTzGiE-00013-00004525-00004877": "form the \"so-called bad tribe\", consisting", "mD07xcTzGiE-00014-00004881-00005253": "of 120 million members or even more than", "mD07xcTzGiE-00015-00005255-00005650": "that. And, um, they just prove that things", "mD07xcTzGiE-00016-00005657-00005960": "like rules and laws don't work because", "mD07xcTzGiE-00017-00005968-00006165": "these people they don't give a s*** about", "mD07xcTzGiE-00018-00006165-00006391": "them. Like rules and laws are usually for", "mD07xcTzGiE-00019-00006401-00006744": "good people, they take them seriously, but", "mD07xcTzGiE-00020-00006748-00007132": "no mafia, no terrorist, no hacker really", "mD07xcTzGiE-00021-00007138-00007455": "respects rules and laws so these things", "mD07xcTzGiE-00022-00007460-00007692": "don't work. So then, in order to stop bad", "mD07xcTzGiE-00023-00007698-00008037": "human behavior, we should not focus on", "mD07xcTzGiE-00024-00008045-00008367": "the bad human being behavior itself, but", "mD07xcTzGiE-00025-00008373-00008572": "instead what creates that bad human", "mD07xcTzGiE-00026-00008580-00008862": "behavior and that's what we argue", "mD07xcTzGiE-00027-00008863-00009107": "throughout that book our trade-based", "mD07xcTzGiE-00028-00009113-00009404": "society. So then, we thought about, okay,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00029-00009408-00009684": "we need to burst the trade bubble, but how", "mD07xcTzGiE-00030-00009692-00009944": "can we do that? And the trom superhero is", "mD07xcTzGiE-00031-00009951-00010247": "now going to explain that with a story,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00032-00010253-00010531": "which is about focusing on a problem with", "mD07xcTzGiE-00033-00010541-00010897": "force solutions. So the trom superhero", "mD07xcTzGiE-00034-00010905-00011241": "explains throughout the human existence or", "mD07xcTzGiE-00035-00011251-00011646": "history, there was a kind of mystery. Like", "mD07xcTzGiE-00036-00011653-00011976": "we can call it a monster-ghost that killed", "mD07xcTzGiE-00037-00011983-00012326": "like, not only thousands or millions, but", "mD07xcTzGiE-00038-00012336-00012615": "even billions of human beings that have", "mD07xcTzGiE-00039-00012622-00012921": "existed on this planet Earth. He is saying", "mD07xcTzGiE-00040-00012928-00013261": "2,000 years ago this monster-ghost", "mD07xcTzGiE-00041-00013272-00013609": "eradicated some 30% of Europe's, Western", "mD07xcTzGiE-00042-00013618-00013866": "Asia's, and Northern Africa's population.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00043-00013874-00014396": "1,500 years ago, it killed 40% of Europe,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00044-00014402-00014719": "Egypt, and West Asia. And 700 years ago,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00045-00014727-00015011": "it killed almost half of the population of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00046-00015011-00015337": "Europe, Asia, and North Africa. Then,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00047-00015337-00015747": "400 to 500 years ago, it almost eradicated", "mD07xcTzGiE-00048-00015747-00016075": "the Mexican population, killing 80% of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00049-00016081-00016345": "them. And a few years later it came back", "mD07xcTzGiE-00050-00016353-00016620": "to Mexico, killing another 50% of the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00051-00016627-00017092": "remaining humans. 300 years ago in Persia,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00052-00017097-00017353": "it killed 2 million people in one single", "mD07xcTzGiE-00053-00017362-00017723": "year. 150 years ago it claimed 1 million", "mD07xcTzGiE-00054-00017729-00018022": "deaths in Russia and 100 years ago,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00055-00018026-00018356": "75 million lives worldwide in just two", "mD07xcTzGiE-00056-00018368-00018940": "years. But then, in the past years, these", "mD07xcTzGiE-00057-00018947-00019340": "deaths created by that monster-ghost", "mD07xcTzGiE-00058-00019350-00019655": "have declined dramatically in proportion", "mD07xcTzGiE-00059-00019664-00019863": "to the population, so there were only 1 to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00060-00019865-00020219": "2% of deaths worldwide due to that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00061-00020224-00020740": "monster-ghost 60 years ago, only 0.03%", "mD07xcTzGiE-00062-00020747-00021296": "50 years ago, and only 0.0002% of the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00063-00021304-00021650": "world's population some ten years ago. So,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00064-00021650-00021825": "this monster-ghost killed almost the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00065-00021825-00022177": "entire human population in the past 2,000", "mD07xcTzGiE-00066-00022183-00022440": "years, yet it almost made no dent in the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00067-00022450-00022815": "past 100 years ago. So why and who in the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00068-00022821-00023075": "world is this monster-ghost? Do you have", "mD07xcTzGiE-00069-00023082-00023406": "a clue? Well, humans theorized about", "mD07xcTzGiE-00070-00023414-00023767": "this monster-ghost already 2,500 years ago", "mD07xcTzGiE-00071-00023773-00024226": "well they though of it like, some seeds,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00072-00024230-00024529": "kind of, which are in the air and those", "mD07xcTzGiE-00073-00024536-00024786": "seeds got inhaled by people and they", "mD07xcTzGiE-00074-00024792-00025072": "made people sick. They also thought that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00075-00025079-00025346": "these seeds lurk inside some people and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00076-00025352-00025576": "they can activate again after a while.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00077-00025584-00026071": "And, um, yeah. So, in time they still", "mD07xcTzGiE-00078-00026078-00026299": "didn't have a clue. They learned more", "mD07xcTzGiE-00079-00026307-00026547": "about it like they understood them.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00080-00026554-00026831": "Certain places are more prone to infect", "mD07xcTzGiE-00081-00026839-00027092": "you with these seeds and that these seeds", "mD07xcTzGiE-00082-00027098-00027356": "can transfer from one person to another.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00083-00027366-00027711": "Some concluded even that these seeds are", "mD07xcTzGiE-00084-00027719-00027977": "self-generated as though they spark", "mD07xcTzGiE-00085-00027985-00028281": "out of rotten meat, but not much was done", "mD07xcTzGiE-00086-00028294-00028546": "to avoid it's deadly powers because of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00087-00028551-00028850": "course they didn't know exactly. So they", "mD07xcTzGiE-00088-00028854-00029106": "could not fight it or run away from it.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00089-00029113-00029656": "Then, there was a guy who changed the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00090-00029663-00030021": "history of humanity forever, kind of,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00091-00030029-00030244": "because he did an experiment. So what he", "mD07xcTzGiE-00092-00030254-00030666": "did was he took 3 jars, all with a slice", "mD07xcTzGiE-00093-00030672-00030956": "of meat inside, and also with an egg", "mD07xcTzGiE-00094-00030956-00031314": "inside, and then the difference between", "mD07xcTzGiE-00095-00031322-00031714": "those 3 jars was that one had a lid, the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00096-00031719-00032012": "other had just a cloth on top, and the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00097-00032012-00032376": "third one had no lid. So, what happened", "mD07xcTzGiE-00098-00032376-00032738": "after a couple days was that the one with", "mD07xcTzGiE-00099-00032738-00033150": "no lid had, like, maggots inside. The one", "mD07xcTzGiE-00100-00033150-00033495": "with the cloth on top had maggots only on", "mD07xcTzGiE-00101-00033495-00033731": "the cloth. And the one with the closed", "mD07xcTzGiE-00102-00033731-00034023": "lid had no maggots. So \"Aha!\" the guy", "mD07xcTzGiE-00103-00034023-00034323": "realized the monster-ghost is not self-", "mD07xcTzGiE-00104-00034332-00034601": "generated, it comes from somewhere and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00105-00034607-00034925": "it gets attracted to the rotten food. It", "mD07xcTzGiE-00106-00034931-00035212": "was the first time they proved that this", "mD07xcTzGiE-00107-00035215-00035433": "monster-ghost is more than just a theory,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00108-00035445-00035908": "it is real. But still, who is it? And then", "mD07xcTzGiE-00109-00035914-00036307": "you know people invented the microscope,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00110-00036318-00036546": "they came up with the microscope and the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00111-00036553-00036812": "world finally able to see and touch,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00112-00036825-00037165": "basically see the monster-ghost. And they", "mD07xcTzGiE-00113-00037178-00037529": "saw these little tiny germs, these", "mD07xcTzGiE-00114-00037537-00037807": "microorganisms, bacteria, and viruses.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00115-00037814-00038265": "And, um, came up with the germ theory of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00116-00038277-00038550": "disease. Like, finally, they figured out", "mD07xcTzGiE-00117-00038560-00038999": "that it were those little bacteria and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00118-00039003-00039300": "viruses that created these infectious", "mD07xcTzGiE-00119-00039308-00039610": "diseases. And they realized that if", "mD07xcTzGiE-00120-00039619-00039819": "you're by water and thus kill them,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00121-00039828-00040109": "you almost eradicate certain infections", "mD07xcTzGiE-00122-00040119-00040378": "and if you wash your hands with some", "mD07xcTzGiE-00123-00040385-00040643": "special substances like soap and before", "mD07xcTzGiE-00124-00040654-00040909": "surgery on the delivering babies, you", "mD07xcTzGiE-00125-00040919-00041174": "drop mortality from infectious diseases", "mD07xcTzGiE-00126-00041182-00041472": "by a staggering amount. Thus, the germ", "mD07xcTzGiE-00127-00041482-00041893": "theory of disease. And they finally", "mD07xcTzGiE-00128-00041900-00042205": "understood the problem and this is also", "mD07xcTzGiE-00129-00042214-00042420": "the first thing that the trom superhero", "mD07xcTzGiE-00130-00042430-00042755": "once asked to understand that there is no", "mD07xcTzGiE-00131-00042765-00043017": "solution without a problem. Of course,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00132-00043032-00043257": "like, if you don't know what you're", "mD07xcTzGiE-00133-00043263-00043516": "fighting against then you can not fight it", "mD07xcTzGiE-00134-00043522-00043969": "properly, right? And, um, yeah. Thousands", "mD07xcTzGiE-00135-00043976-00044181": "of years dealing with this problem pushed", "mD07xcTzGiE-00136-00044188-00044422": "humanity to finally find a solution or", "mD07xcTzGiE-00137-00044431-00044750": "multiple solutions and the explosion of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00138-00044761-00045052": "real solutions only came about 100 years", "mD07xcTzGiE-00139-00045059-00045374": "ago when people better understood the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00140-00045382-00045645": "monster-ghost. If they had no clue", "mD07xcTzGiE-00141-00045656-00045917": "that there are tiny organisms that spread", "mD07xcTzGiE-00142-00045929-00046225": "and create diseases and later deaths, they", "mD07xcTzGiE-00143-00046233-00046462": "could not apply any highly impactful", "mD07xcTzGiE-00144-00046471-00046837": "solutions. So now, we find solutions like", "mD07xcTzGiE-00145-00046842-00047057": "boiling water or cooking food before", "mD07xcTzGiE-00146-00047067-00047326": "drinking or eating just as a no-brainer,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00147-00047336-00047634": "it's just a normal thing today. Yet, if", "mD07xcTzGiE-00148-00047641-00047880": "you would not know about the fact that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00149-00047889-00048114": "these tiny organisms are alive and can", "mD07xcTzGiE-00150-00048122-00048343": "be killed at high temperatures, then", "mD07xcTzGiE-00151-00048349-00048632": "you could not come up with this simple", "mD07xcTzGiE-00152-00048638-00048916": "solution. What they also realized is that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00153-00048922-00049264": "these tiny organisms are so diverse, like,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00154-00049264-00049469": "there are so many different kinds of them,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00155-00049469-00049781": "and what works to defeat some doesn't", "mD07xcTzGiE-00156-00049789-00050115": "work to defeat others. So the second", "mD07xcTzGiE-00157-00050118-00050374": "point the trom superhero once asked to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00158-00050382-00050619": "understand is that problems are not solved", "mD07xcTzGiE-00159-00050624-00051028": "with, um, not a solution but multiple", "mD07xcTzGiE-00160-00051036-00051276": "solutions. Like in the case of these", "mD07xcTzGiE-00161-00051284-00051599": "tiny microorganisms, we can come up", "mD07xcTzGiE-00162-00051609-00051854": "with a solution like washing our hands,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00163-00051859-00052289": "or boiling water or using disinfectant", "mD07xcTzGiE-00164-00052298-00052599": "spray, or also come up with", "mD07xcTzGiE-00165-00052611-00052841": "vaccines. So, you see there is one problem", "mD07xcTzGiE-00166-00052850-00053221": "but multiple solutions. And the third,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00167-00053231-00053517": "most important thing to understand is that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00168-00053528-00053760": "problems are usually never solved but only", "mD07xcTzGiE-00169-00053770-00054051": "remediated. Even today, after such a", "mD07xcTzGiE-00170-00054061-00054265": "detailed understanding of the monster-", "mD07xcTzGiE-00171-00054279-00054511": "ghost, we still see people dying because", "mD07xcTzGiE-00172-00054519-00054799": "of it and that's usually because we can", "mD07xcTzGiE-00173-00054806-00055023": "never fully solve a problem. It is a", "mD07xcTzGiE-00174-00055031-00055318": "continuous battle. For example, if there's", "mD07xcTzGiE-00175-00055325-00055585": "a virus and it mutates, then we need to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00176-00055595-00055835": "come up with another solution for that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00177-00055843-00056176": "mutation. We need to develop another", "mD07xcTzGiE-00178-00056182-00056464": "vaccine for that mutation of the virus.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00179-00056473-00056738": "So, yeah, it's a constant battle. And here", "mD07xcTzGiE-00180-00056745-00056986": "the trom superhero is now explaining that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00181-00056995-00057260": "something very big is happening today with", "mD07xcTzGiE-00182-00057270-00057565": "aging as more and more people,researchers,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00183-00057573-00057971": "scientists are working on acknowledging", "mD07xcTzGiE-00184-00057978-00058338": "the problem. They understand that diseases", "mD07xcTzGiE-00185-00058346-00058618": "like cancer, cardiovascular disease,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00186-00058624-00058910": "Alzheimer's, and so forth are a symptom of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00187-00058918-00059403": "aging and they are tackling now aging", "mD07xcTzGiE-00188-00059412-00059672": "itself, so what creates those diseases.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00189-00059688-00060178": "And, as soon as they can properly identify", "mD07xcTzGiE-00190-00060185-00060438": "this monster-ghost, they will be able to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00191-00060447-00060740": "invent solutions to destroy. Not for", "mD07xcTzGiE-00192-00060747-00060975": "good, but to tame it in a way so that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00193-00060982-00061172": "it can become more eradicated. That's", "mD07xcTzGiE-00194-00061177-00061365": "what's happening with aging these days.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00195-00061373-00061653": "And maybe the solutions would then be so", "mD07xcTzGiE-00196-00061661-00062062": "easy, simple, and a no-brainer, but since", "mD07xcTzGiE-00197-00062068-00062355": "we don't know it,it is unimaginable to us.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00198-00062361-00062642": "Remember that it took humans hundreds", "mD07xcTzGiE-00199-00062647-00062910": "of years of scientific research and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00200-00062918-00063150": "theories to be able to finally agree and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00201-00063157-00063394": "accept that tiny organisms are the cause", "mD07xcTzGiE-00202-00063404-00063679": "of infectious diseases. Then, after many", "mD07xcTzGiE-00203-00063687-00063894": "years of trying solutions, humans are", "mD07xcTzGiE-00204-00063902-00064145": "still coming up with new solutions today", "mD07xcTzGiE-00205-00064151-00064364": "from this problem. Like, an example would", "mD07xcTzGiE-00206-00064372-00064681": "be the worldwide coronavirus pandemic,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00207-00064690-00064997": "where researchers are working on", "mD07xcTzGiE-00208-00065004-00065425": "developing a vaccine for the coronavirus.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00209-00065434-00065820": "The aging research is only decades old, so", "mD07xcTzGiE-00210-00065824-00066339": "it's a pretty young researching field and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00211-00066345-00066597": "it is already exciting. The most exciting", "mD07xcTzGiE-00212-00066607-00066827": "aspect is to understand the problem", "mD07xcTzGiE-00213-00066839-00067057": "because you know that this will force", "mD07xcTzGiE-00214-00067067-00067330": "people to invent solutions. Cancer will be", "mD07xcTzGiE-00215-00067340-00067612": "cured, cardiovascular disease will be", "mD07xcTzGiE-00216-00067617-00067889": "cured, Alzheimer's will be cured, aging", "mD07xcTzGiE-00217-00067897-00068197": "itself will be cured. Entirely? Probably", "mD07xcTzGiE-00218-00068205-00068501": "not. When? We don't know. How? We", "mD07xcTzGiE-00219-00068509-00068766": "don't know. But very likely there will be", "mD07xcTzGiE-00220-00068776-00069021": "multiple and evolving solutions in the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00221-00069031-00069286": "continuous fight and we will never reach", "mD07xcTzGiE-00222-00069294-00069552": "a perfect cure for any of them. But if", "mD07xcTzGiE-00223-00069560-00069846": "only 5% of the population will die in the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00224-00069856-00070092": "future from such diseases that are", "mD07xcTzGiE-00225-00070102-00070389": "ravaging the population today, then that's", "mD07xcTzGiE-00226-00070399-00070692": "a success story. That's how the world", "mD07xcTzGiE-00227-00070702-00070884": "works, not in absolutes but in", "mD07xcTzGiE-00228-00070894-00071207": "percentages. Here, another example", "mD07xcTzGiE-00229-00071217-00071750": "is the transportation thing-like problem", "mD07xcTzGiE-00230-00071755-00071954": "if you want to get from point A to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00231-00071962-00072207": "Point B and throughout the human history", "mD07xcTzGiE-00232-00072214-00072449": "there have been many different ways of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00233-00072459-00072786": "doing that, many different solutions, like", "mD07xcTzGiE-00234-00072796-00073038": "if you could walk, take the bike, take the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00235-00073045-00073309": "horse, or take the car, the train or now", "mD07xcTzGiE-00236-00073316-00073804": "we have helicopters and airplanes. So you", "mD07xcTzGiE-00237-00073814-00074074": "see there's one problem but multiple", "mD07xcTzGiE-00238-00074083-00074534": "solutions. An open source is nothing more", "mD07xcTzGiE-00239-00074543-00074788": "than a solution for the proprietary", "mD07xcTzGiE-00240-00074798-00075026": "software program, that's why this movement", "mD07xcTzGiE-00241-00075033-00075289": "sparked into existence and that's why it's", "mD07xcTzGiE-00242-00075296-00075535": "still alive today. When proprietaries", "mD07xcTzGiE-00243-00075541-00075820": "software would cease to be a problem, then", "mD07xcTzGiE-00244-00075828-00076033": "the open source movement would cease to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00245-00076043-00076246": "exist and software will become whatever", "mD07xcTzGiE-00246-00076256-00076531": "it will become. If we had no such concept", "mD07xcTzGiE-00247-00076540-00076838": "of proprietary software and somehow all", "mD07xcTzGiE-00248-00076843-00077039": "the software in the world would have been", "mD07xcTzGiE-00249-00077051-00077349": "open for all to see and edit and share,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00250-00077358-00077569": "then no open source movement would have", "mD07xcTzGiE-00251-00077579-00077879": "been ever invented. And our need or wants", "mD07xcTzGiE-00252-00077886-00078171": "to explore space will push us to invent", "mD07xcTzGiE-00253-00078180-00078448": "better spacecrafts, better telescopes,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00254-00078453-00078765": "better communication technologies, and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00255-00078771-00078990": "better science. The fact that we can not", "mD07xcTzGiE-00256-00078995-00079218": "see the far away objects in outer space", "mD07xcTzGiE-00257-00079225-00079497": "too sharply is a problem that will push", "mD07xcTzGiE-00258-00079508-00079775": "for a solution. We first made bigger", "mD07xcTzGiE-00259-00079786-00079986": "telescopes on Earth then improved the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00260-00079996-00080256": "technique of capturing light and then sent", "mD07xcTzGiE-00261-00080268-00080520": "telescopes into space so that our", "mD07xcTzGiE-00262-00080527-00080790": "atmosphere here on the Earth won't", "mD07xcTzGiE-00263-00080806-00081045": "interfere with the image quality. Like,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00264-00081048-00081285": "the Hubble Telescope, for example, is", "mD07xcTzGiE-00265-00081288-00081686": "one of those telescopes who are in outer", "mD07xcTzGiE-00266-00081692-00082096": "space. Again, another endless set of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00267-00082104-00082455": "solutions for one problem. So, yeah, I", "mD07xcTzGiE-00268-00082463-00082693": "think we get the point. There are no", "mD07xcTzGiE-00269-00082700-00082975": "solutions unless there is a problem and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00270-00082983-00083315": "a problem is a problem until it is fixed", "mD07xcTzGiE-00271-00083325-00083568": "but it is never fully fixed, at least in", "mD07xcTzGiE-00272-00083578-00083898": "most cases, only remediated. And the trom", "mD07xcTzGiE-00273-00083910-00084240": "superhero now transfers this way of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00274-00084248-00084527": "thinking to our problem, which is trade.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00275-00084535-00084813": "So, trade must be our enemy and we must", "mD07xcTzGiE-00276-00084822-00085100": "fight to push this force away from human", "mD07xcTzGiE-00277-00085107-00085353": "societies in order to immensely improve", "mD07xcTzGiE-00278-00085363-00085690": "our way of living. Be careful. If the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00279-00085700-00086013": "problem is ill-defined, then the solutions", "mD07xcTzGiE-00280-00086023-00086295": "to it will also be lacking. The war on", "mD07xcTzGiE-00281-00086303-00086552": "terror recognize terrorism as the problem,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00282-00086564-00086847": "yet, it could not find a solution for it", "mD07xcTzGiE-00283-00086855-00087158": "because the problem was ill-defined and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00284-00087167-00087363": "it was in fact a symptom of another", "mD07xcTzGiE-00285-00087375-00087642": "problem. Therefore, they could never find", "mD07xcTzGiE-00286-00087649-00088009": "a solution for it. Hence, the reason why", "mD07xcTzGiE-00287-00088017-00088237": "this journey we started was so long was", "mD07xcTzGiE-00288-00088247-00088519": "because trom superhero had to define the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00289-00088533-00088757": "problem in a robust manner, or else,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00290-00088766-00089022": "the solutions would have been innefficient", "mD07xcTzGiE-00291-00089032-00089332": "and vastly pointless. And now we have a", "mD07xcTzGiE-00292-00089336-00089564": "very solid understanding of our problem:", "mD07xcTzGiE-00293-00089572-00089882": "trade, trade-off, and the need for trade.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00294-00089890-00090235": "So now there are different people", "mD07xcTzGiE-00295-00090241-00090499": "coming in and they think like, or they", "mD07xcTzGiE-00296-00090506-00090745": "question what exactly is a trade? Like,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00297-00090754-00091015": "what if I fix computers and that makes me", "mD07xcTzGiE-00298-00091022-00091304": "feel good, is that a trade? The other one", "mD07xcTzGiE-00299-00091312-00091557": "is asking, \"Is it a trade if you have a", "mD07xcTzGiE-00300-00091566-00091779": "pair of shoes that fit me better and I", "mD07xcTzGiE-00301-00091789-00092049": "have one that fit you better and we", "mD07xcTzGiE-00302-00092057-00092245": "exchange them? Is that a trade?\"", "mD07xcTzGiE-00303-00092250-00092520": "And the dog is asking, \"What if", "mD07xcTzGiE-00304-00092520-00092732": "someone gives me a gift and I feel like", "mD07xcTzGiE-00305-00092732-00092938": "I should give a gift back? Is that a", "mD07xcTzGiE-00306-00092938-00093310": "trade?\" And the trom superhero says, \"Hold", "mD07xcTzGiE-00307-00093315-00093527": "on creatures! A trade is simple to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00308-00093535-00093829": "understand with the following: You do", "mD07xcTzGiE-00309-00093836-00094089": "something only if you get something else", "mD07xcTzGiE-00310-00094096-00094332": "in return from the outcome. It is a", "mD07xcTzGiE-00311-00094340-00094634": "transaction between two parties. If you", "mD07xcTzGiE-00312-00094640-00094940": "repair computers but ask the other humans", "mD07xcTzGiE-00313-00094946-00095197": "to say thank you or else you won't repair", "mD07xcTzGiE-00314-00095202-00095480": "them, then yes, that's a trade. But, if", "mD07xcTzGiE-00315-00095489-00095747": "you don't ask them for anything and you", "mD07xcTzGiE-00316-00095747-00095949": "just feel good doing it, then that's not a", "mD07xcTzGiE-00317-00095952-00096288": "trade. At least not one the trom superhero", "mD07xcTzGiE-00318-00096288-00096510": "is talking about because you see, when you", "mD07xcTzGiE-00319-00096510-00096702": "put the microscope on any idea it", "mD07xcTzGiE-00320-00096709-00096948": "becomes bizarre. Much in the same way", "mD07xcTzGiE-00321-00096954-00097133": "reality becomes bizarre when you're", "mD07xcTzGiE-00322-00097141-00097393": "look deeper. How long is a meter? If", "mD07xcTzGiE-00323-00097401-00097685": "you look at the end of the meter, then", "mD07xcTzGiE-00324-00097693-00098005": "there are atoms, and there are small tiny", "mD07xcTzGiE-00325-00098013-00098287": "electrons around these atoms, and you", "mD07xcTzGiE-00326-00098294-00098502": "can not determine the position of these", "mD07xcTzGiE-00327-00098516-00098925": "electrons exactly. So, if you look at the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00328-00098931-00099223": "microscopic level, then it's tricky to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00329-00099235-00099545": "define something, but we are talking about", "mD07xcTzGiE-00330-00099555-00100004": "macro-things, the macro-trades.\" And trom", "mD07xcTzGiE-00331-00100011-00100234": "superhero is saying we don't need to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00332-00100241-00100475": "define perfectly because if you put the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00333-00100484-00100702": "microscope on the open source idea,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00334-00100711-00100968": "you'll see that you can not define it well", "mD07xcTzGiE-00335-00100974-00101215": "at all. Actually, there are so many open", "mD07xcTzGiE-00336-00101222-00101440": "source licenses out there, especially", "mD07xcTzGiE-00337-00101448-00101622": "because the more you dig into them", "mD07xcTzGiE-00338-00101632-00101892": "the more weird things you'll find out. For", "mD07xcTzGiE-00339-00101898-00102156": "instance, is this open source app that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00340-00102164-00102424": "allows you to communicate in an encrypted", "mD07xcTzGiE-00341-00102429-00102619": "way with other people, is it truly", "mD07xcTzGiE-00342-00102626-00102837": "open source since no one can see the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00343-00102841-00103077": "encryption keys or encrypted messages?", "mD07xcTzGiE-00344-00103087-00103394": "I mean, if everything is open source, then", "mD07xcTzGiE-00345-00103404-00103581": "you should also be able to see the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00346-00103590-00103817": "encryption key, but of course that won't", "mD07xcTzGiE-00347-00103824-00104376": "be encrypted anymore. Another example is", "mD07xcTzGiE-00348-00104384-00104764": "the program VeraCrypt, like the get-go", "mD07xcTzGiE-00349-00104772-00105049": "program to encrypt files and photos on", "mD07xcTzGiE-00350-00105058-00105319": "Linux. The application's developers say", "mD07xcTzGiE-00351-00105328-00105591": "something like \"Our application's code is", "mD07xcTzGiE-00352-00105600-00105841": "open source, anyone can use, share, and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00353-00105851-00106147": "edit it.\" But you are not allowed to sell", "mD07xcTzGiE-00354-00106154-00106389": "it because they want it to be truly", "mD07xcTzGiE-00355-00106402-00106631": "free. But the free and open source", "mD07xcTzGiE-00356-00106641-00106867": "movement says that you must allow people", "mD07xcTzGiE-00357-00106877-00107052": "to sell these open source pieces of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00358-00107061-00107293": "software, as well. So, the only", "mD07xcTzGiE-00359-00107300-00107519": "contradiction here is that the people from", "mD07xcTzGiE-00360-00107529-00107791": "VeraCrypt don't want their piece of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00361-00107800-00108084": "software to put behind any paywall. In", "mD07xcTzGiE-00362-00108093-00108343": "a sense, the VeraCrypt license is more", "mD07xcTzGiE-00363-00108354-00108633": "free and open source than what the free", "mD07xcTzGiE-00364-00108641-00108863": "and open source software foundation is", "mD07xcTzGiE-00365-00108870-00109070": "talking about. And when this community", "mD07xcTzGiE-00366-00109070-00109269": "says, \"You can do whatever you want with", "mD07xcTzGiE-00367-00109269-00109508": "this piece of software because you are", "mD07xcTzGiE-00368-00109515-00109809": "free\", then are they okay with being used", "mD07xcTzGiE-00369-00109819-00110093": "for terrorist attacks? Some are, and some", "mD07xcTzGiE-00370-00110100-00110363": "are not. So, you see, put the microscope", "mD07xcTzGiE-00371-00110373-00110563": "on open source and you will see", "mD07xcTzGiE-00372-00110571-00110831": "a lot of misunderstandings, debates,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00373-00110841-00111074": "conflicts, and tons of licenses. But for", "mD07xcTzGiE-00374-00111083-00111477": "our macroscopic wall, open sources are", "mD07xcTzGiE-00375-00111490-00111706": "understood as code that is open and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00376-00111716-00112064": "you can edit, share, and use it. That's", "mD07xcTzGiE-00377-00112074-00112387": "what the important bit is and that's what", "mD07xcTzGiE-00378-00112395-00112694": "also we need to concern ourselves when it", "mD07xcTzGiE-00379-00112705-00113032": "comes to trade, we are caring about macro-", "mD07xcTzGiE-00380-00113037-00113288": "trades and not micro-trades. Like, if you", "mD07xcTzGiE-00381-00113297-00113730": "go pee and that relieves you and makes you", "mD07xcTzGiE-00382-00113735-00114015": "feel emptily great, isn't that a trade", "mD07xcTzGiE-00383-00114020-00114243": "because you peed to feel good? I mean,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00384-00114253-00114525": "of course not, that's some nonsense that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00385-00114536-00114859": "no one should care about. If someone gives", "mD07xcTzGiE-00386-00114868-00115076": "you a gift, and you feel obliged to give", "mD07xcTzGiE-00387-00115086-00115316": "back something else, then that's your", "mD07xcTzGiE-00388-00115320-00115492": "problem. I mean, you are not forced", "mD07xcTzGiE-00389-00115497-00115728": "to. And the person gave that gift and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00390-00115734-00116088": "he doesn't give anything in return", "mD07xcTzGiE-00391-00116097-00116293": "because else it's not a gift, right?", "mD07xcTzGiE-00392-00116302-00116661": "And, if you exchange shoes voluntarily", "mD07xcTzGiE-00393-00116676-00116988": "then that's sharing. It is easy to see", "mD07xcTzGiE-00394-00117000-00117253": "where the macro-trades really are. You", "mD07xcTzGiE-00395-00117261-00117514": "want food? Then work 8 hours per day,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00396-00117514-00117710": "or else you don't get food. You want", "mD07xcTzGiE-00397-00117710-00118076": "clothes, security, etc.? Again, work work", "mD07xcTzGiE-00398-00118076-00118346": "work to follow our rules or else you get", "mD07xcTzGiE-00399-00118346-00118602": "none of that. You want healthcare? Give", "mD07xcTzGiE-00400-00118602-00118794": "us your data else you get none. And so", "mD07xcTzGiE-00401-00118794-00119168": "forth. So these are the macro-trades that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00402-00119185-00119604": "we are talking about and yeah, we are not", "mD07xcTzGiE-00403-00119604-00119899": "talking about the micro-trades. The trom", "mD07xcTzGiE-00404-00119899-00120089": "superhero is saying \"Don't lose your", "mD07xcTzGiE-00405-00120089-00120332": "focus. The open source movement's weak", "mD07xcTzGiE-00406-00120339-00120585": "points are when they forget what the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00407-00120595-00120849": "problem is: proprietary software. And", "mD07xcTzGiE-00408-00120856-00121077": "so, nowadays, you'll see many open source", "mD07xcTzGiE-00409-00121087-00121290": "projects that are very much okay with", "mD07xcTzGiE-00410-00121299-00121515": "accepting parts of their software to be", "mD07xcTzGiE-00411-00121524-00121750": "proprietary. For example, operating", "mD07xcTzGiE-00412-00121758-00122004": "systems they proclaim to be open source,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00413-00122012-00122227": "yet they come pre-installed with all", "mD07xcTzGiE-00414-00122235-00122467": "kinds of proprietary software, make the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00415-00122477-00122694": "open source movement weak, and in time", "mD07xcTzGiE-00416-00122703-00122960": "will transform it into something very", "mD07xcTzGiE-00417-00122972-00123234": "different like Android has become. And", "mD07xcTzGiE-00418-00123241-00123482": "this failure is on the rise in open source", "mD07xcTzGiE-00419-00123492-00123691": "communities transforming them from", "mD07xcTzGiE-00420-00123700-00123925": "caterpillars to butterflies and back to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00421-00123939-00124157": "caterpillars again. This is why", "mD07xcTzGiE-00422-00124167-00124448": "movements like FOSS, so Free and Open", "mD07xcTzGiE-00423-00124454-00124692": "Source Software, have emerged and it's", "mD07xcTzGiE-00424-00124702-00124952": "mission is exactly fighting the enemy:", "mD07xcTzGiE-00425-00124958-00125216": "proprietary software. And because", "mD07xcTzGiE-00426-00125224-00125493": "their mission will always be to get rid", "mD07xcTzGiE-00427-00125499-00125729": "of proprietary software, they can not", "mD07xcTzGiE-00428-00125737-00126017": "fail or mutate over time since the problem", "mD07xcTzGiE-00429-00126027-00126362": "remains the same and it will be a problem,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00430-00126374-00126572": "and the kid is adding, \"Until the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00431-00126577-00127022": "problem gets remediated.\" So, that's why", "mD07xcTzGiE-00432-00127028-00127297": "the trom superhero's mission is to get rid", "mD07xcTzGiE-00433-00127305-00127549": "of trade or the need for trade and anyone", "mD07xcTzGiE-00434-00127559-00127826": "who has this mission in mind is walking", "mD07xcTzGiE-00435-00127833-00128187": "with him regardless if they are under", "mD07xcTzGiE-00436-00128195-00128441": "a different umbrella like in a different", "mD07xcTzGiE-00437-00128450-00128746": "organization or in a different project and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00438-00128756-00128961": "if they don't know each other that doesn't", "mD07xcTzGiE-00439-00128972-00129180": "matter either. The important thing is that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00440-00129191-00129464": "you have the same enemy in mind. And if", "mD07xcTzGiE-00441-00129481-00129874": "1,000 research teams were to solve aging", "mD07xcTzGiE-00442-00129886-00130187": "and 3 teams come up with a solution to", "mD07xcTzGiE-00443-00130197-00130484": "fix aging then that's a victory for all", "mD07xcTzGiE-00444-00130493-00130710": "the other teams. And more likely,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00445-00130720-00131051": "the solution was built on the backs of", "mD07xcTzGiE-00446-00131051-00131244": "the other team's research, as well. If", "mD07xcTzGiE-00447-00131244-00131441": "another superhero like the trom superhero", "mD07xcTzGiE-00448-00131452-00131671": "were come up with solutions to make trade", "mD07xcTzGiE-00449-00131679-00131961": "obsolete then this is as much a victory", "mD07xcTzGiE-00450-00131970-00132244": "for that superhero as it is for the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00451-00132256-00132651": "trom superhero. Here is just explaining", "mD07xcTzGiE-00452-00132659-00132988": "that a common enemy unites people. Like", "mD07xcTzGiE-00453-00132998-00133199": "if an asteroid for example is on the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00454-00133208-00133439": "way to hitting planet Earth, then", "mD07xcTzGiE-00455-00133450-00133709": "basically all tribes will work together", "mD07xcTzGiE-00456-00133718-00133989": "to, I don't know, maybe stop the asteroid,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00457-00133998-00134318": "or shoot it, or push it so that it misses", "mD07xcTzGiE-00458-00134329-00134656": "planet Earth. But yeah, you get the point,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00459-00134665-00134866": "they will all work together. And in", "mD07xcTzGiE-00460-00134873-00135133": "another scenario, if an alien species", "mD07xcTzGiE-00461-00135144-00135491": "were come to Earth to kill all of us, then", "mD07xcTzGiE-00462-00135502-00135781": "we will also work together and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00463-00135790-00136051": "fight them together. Like the Chinese and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00464-00136060-00136288": "the Americans will work together, the", "mD07xcTzGiE-00465-00136295-00136621": "KKK supporters and ISIS, Europeans and", "mD07xcTzGiE-00466-00136631-00136858": "Russians, the mafia and the charlatans,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00467-00136870-00137176": "Statopus and Privatopus, will all be in", "mD07xcTzGiE-00468-00137186-00137456": "this fight together to protect ourselves.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00469-00137468-00137813": "And the trom superhero says, \"If", "mD07xcTzGiE-00470-00137823-00138061": "trade is our global threat, understood", "mD07xcTzGiE-00471-00138072-00138298": "and recognized by most people,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00472-00138310-00138655": "then it will get remediated.\" So yeah,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00473-00138666-00138901": "that was it for this video, I mean, it", "mD07xcTzGiE-00474-00138909-00139100": "also just makes sense, right? I mean, if", "mD07xcTzGiE-00475-00139110-00139455": "we would just stop all this political", "mD07xcTzGiE-00476-00139466-00139650": "fy, all this bt that is going on,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00477-00139658-00139948": "like \"I'm left\", \"I'm right\", \"I'm", "mD07xcTzGiE-00478-00139958-00140203": "Republican\", \"I'm a Democrat\", \"I'm this\",", "mD07xcTzGiE-00479-00140215-00140503": "\"I'm that\" and these are just groups that", "mD07xcTzGiE-00480-00140520-00140890": "divide us, but if we just focus on this", "mD07xcTzGiE-00481-00140895-00141162": "trade problem altogether and fight it,", "mD07xcTzGiE-00482-00141170-00141425": "then we might migrate into a saner", "mD07xcTzGiE-00483-00141434-00141915": "society. And yeah, then the next video we", "mD07xcTzGiE-00484-00141923-00142140": "have we're going to learn that societies", "mD07xcTzGiE-00485-00142150-00142437": "are not invented, they evolve, so also", "mD07xcTzGiE-00486-00142450-00142727": "going to be super interesting. I hope you", "mD07xcTzGiE-00487-00142737-00142978": "found this video interesting and I'm just", "mD07xcTzGiE-00488-00142978-00143176": "going to say I look forward to the next", "mD07xcTzGiE-00489-00143176-00143482": "video. As always, take care, much love.", "mD07xcTzGiE-00490-00143489-00145422": "music playing"}}, {"audio_id": "mD2RcllhsbA", "text": {"mD2RcllhsbA-00000-00000000-00000200": "Hu lured in Ha Dong - Hanoi - Vietnam"}}, {"audio_id": "mDnXTt5f9CM", "text": {"mDnXTt5f9CM-00000-00000776-00003032": "For a day in thy courts is better than a thousand. I had rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my God, than to dwell in the tents of wickedness"}}, {"audio_id": "mDG0xvU1Evk", "text": {"mDG0xvU1Evk-00000-00000000-00000390": "Population aging is a global consideration in the 21th century.", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00001-00000390-00000760": "Virtual assistants and visualizing health data have been proved", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00002-00000760-00001170": "to be promising to improve the Quality of Life of older adults.", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00003-00001170-00001570": "However, the effectiveness of visualizing time–series based", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00004-00001570-00002080": "Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data on standalone virtual assistants has not been explored.", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00005-00002080-00002490": "We demonstrate the first exploratory effort to design", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00006-00002490-00003120": "time–series data visualizations on screen-based voice–first intelligent virtual assistants", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00007-00003120-00003470": "By leveraging such in-situ visualizations,", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00008-00003470-00003740": "older adults might find it useful to address", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00009-00003740-00004190": "the potential unhealthy lifestyle in a more timely manner,", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00010-00004190-00004550": "leading to the enhancement of Quality of Life.", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00011-00004550-00004770": "Here is a demonstration.", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00012-00004770-00005240": "Alexa, open My Health App.", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00013-00005240-00005590": "Welcome, you can ask me visualize your health.", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00014-00005590-00005930": "How long did I sleep everyday in the past week?", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00015-00006100-00006700": "We conducted an exploratory co-design workshop with an older adult and a geriatrician,", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00016-00006700-00007140": "and summed up three findings needed to be considered in future design:", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00017-00007140-00007690": "selection of measure, span of axises, and types of data in visualization.", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00018-00007690-00008080": "In future work, we plan to conduct full-fledged user studies", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00019-00008080-00008510": "to explore opportunities and challenges of time-series data visualization", "mDG0xvU1Evk-00020-00008510-00009000": "of EMAs on standalone voice assistants for older adults."}}, {"audio_id": "mDJQhfHCwdu", "text": {"mDJQhfHCwdu-00000-00000000-00000501": "Welcome to my video", "mDJQhfHCwdu-00001-00000505-00001000": "Thank you for this video view", "mDJQhfHCwdu-00002-00001000-00001508": "Like, sub, share, support my channel.", "mDJQhfHCwdu-00003-00001516-00002000": "Thank you very much"}}, {"audio_id": "mEsRdy9hvTY", "text": {"mEsRdy9hvTY-00000-00000065-00000467": "welcome to philame.com life lesson news.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00001-00000467-00000940": "today i will talk about how to cope with been ugly and lonely.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00002-00000940-00001271": "visit my website for more news.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00003-00001271-00001830": "First and foremost, it is important to realize that you are not alone.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00004-00001830-00002259": "There are many people out there who feel the same way as you do.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00005-00002259-00002711": "You are not the only one who feels ugly or thinks that they don’t deserve love and", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00006-00002711-00002831": "affection.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00007-00002831-00003384": "Secondly, it is important to remember that beauty is subjective.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00008-00003384-00003944": "What one person may consider beautiful, another person may not even notice.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00009-00003944-00004594": "So, try not to let other people’s opinions of you affect how you feel about yourself.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00010-00004594-00005243": "Lastly, focus on your positive qualities and learn to love yourself for who you are – imperfections", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00011-00005243-00005396": "included!", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00012-00005396-00005814": "I remember vividly how I felt when I was ugly and alone.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00013-00005814-00006344": "I felt like the world was against me, that nobody could understand me, and that I was", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00014-00006344-00006620": "destined to be alone forever.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00015-00006620-00007136": "I was so sure that I was ugly, that I would never be able to find someone who could love", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00016-00007136-00007343": "me for who I was.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00017-00007343-00007826": "I was so scared of being alone that I would do anything to avoid it.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00018-00007826-00008363": "In order to cope with being ugly and alone, I did a lot of soul searching.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00019-00008363-00008809": "I read books and articles about self-love and acceptance.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00020-00008809-00009260": "I talked to my friends and family about how I was feeling.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00021-00009260-00009664": "I journal about my experiences and feelings.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00022-00009664-00010247": "I also started to take care of myself more, both physically and mentally.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00023-00010247-00010589": "I began to exercise and eat healthy.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00024-00010589-00010913": "I started to meditate and do yoga.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00025-00010913-00011447": "I also started to dress in a way that made me feel more confident.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00026-00011447-00012052": "After I started to cope with being ugly and alone, my life changed dramatically.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00027-00012052-00012420": "I started to feel more confident and happy.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00028-00012420-00013001": "I started to attract more positive people and experiences into my life.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00029-00013001-00013521": "I even started to find love, both in myself and from others.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00030-00013521-00013948": "I am now much happier and more content with my life.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00031-00013948-00014544": "I am no longer afraid of being alone, because I know that I am never really alone.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00032-00014544-00015095": "If you are struggling with being ugly and alone, know that you are not alone.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00033-00015095-00015496": "There are many people who have gone through the same thing.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00034-00015496-00016181": "The most important thing is to start taking care of yourself, both physically and mentally.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00035-00016181-00016965": "Once you start to love and accept yourself, your life will start to change for the better.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00036-00016965-00017284": "please subscribe and share.", "mEsRdy9hvTY-00037-00017284-00018018": "give a thump up."}}, {"audio_id": "mEewUvd-mkM", "text": {"mEewUvd-mkM-00000-00000000-00000600": "Learn SIEMENS S7 300/400 Software in the Fastest Possible way; Engineered in the most practical manner, Pls. visit Controls-Explorer.Com", "mEewUvd-mkM-00001-00002518-00003529": "Engineered in the most practical manner, Pls. visit Controls-Explorer.Com", "mEewUvd-mkM-00002-00004932-00005930": "Learn SIEMENS S7 300/400 Software in the Fastest Possible way; Engineered in the most practical manner, Pls. visit Controls-Explorer.Com", "mEewUvd-mkM-00003-00009828-00010840": "Engineered in the most practical manner, Pls. visit Controls-Explorer.Com", "mEewUvd-mkM-00004-00013734-00015030": "Learn SIEMENS S7 300/400 Software in the Fastest Possible way; Engineered in the most practical manner, Pls. visit Controls-Explorer.Com", "mEewUvd-mkM-00005-00018316-00019330": "Engineered in the most practical manner, Pls. visit Controls-Explorer.Com", "mEewUvd-mkM-00006-00021312-00022012": "Learn SIEMENS S7 300/400 Software in the Fastest Possible way; Engineered in the most practical manner, Pls. visit Controls-Explorer.Com"}}, {"audio_id": "mEeXjiBvr0o", "text": {"mEeXjiBvr0o-00000-00000040-00000578": "Alright welcome back to the channel. So we are dealing with an open API that's", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00001-00000578-00001212": "going to have 22 districts, and in each district there's a constituency, sub counties and thereby", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00002-00001212-00001672": "we go to parishes, then we'll go all the way down till we get to the villages that we", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00003-00001682-00002324": "do have. Now this can be quickly be shared by having our", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00004-00002325-00002817": "custom post type that has a village, and this village is classified under a", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00005-00002817-00003365": "district, and the district is classified under a sub County, and then we'll have", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00006-00003365-00003871": "a sub County then a parish and a sub parish, which eventually gives us a", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00007-00003871-00004371": "village. So at the end of the day we'll be able to expose districts, counties", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00008-00004371-00004911": "alone and we can separate the concern by having this, but WordPress by default", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00009-00004911-00005471": "gives us this possibility to categorize the different things that we're going to", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00010-00005471-00006051": "be working with. So I'll quickly jump into our editor, and we're going to be", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00011-00006051-00006603": "using our taxonomy. We're going to start afresh from here if we reload, so we have", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00012-00006603-00007304": "our new village and we are now ready to add our taxonomy. So I'm going to go to, if", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00013-00007304-00007823": "you look up this functionality of register taxonomy on the codex of", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00014-00007823-00008490": "WordPress, you'll find that you have all the information that's needed here for", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00015-00008490-00008946": "you to understand what it's all about. So you'll find out the different post", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00016-00008946-00009557": "types that are registered by WordPress by default, the labels that are needed, we", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00017-00009557-00010152": "are going to look at the example that we are given of how to register a taxonomy, and", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00018-00010152-00010664": "I'll just copy all this code and paste it here then I'll explain what it's all", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00019-00010664-00010968": "about. Then I'll just move this add function to", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00020-00010968-00011778": "the bottom here so that the PHP will read the add action after having", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00021-00011778-00012224": "processed this functionality. So we have a function here which we shall call", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00022-00012224-00013116": "\"create village taxonomy\", and basically what's happening is", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00023-00013116-00013556": "whenever we're going to our WordPress and initialize it, we run this function", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00024-00013556-00014058": "called create village taxonomy. What we'll do is that it we'll register a", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00025-00014058-00015087": "taxonomy whose name is \"district\", and it's attached to a custom post type", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00026-00015087-00015729": "called \"villages\", and then it has a label meaning that its name will be district", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00027-00015729-00016440": "and a slug of district. So when I save this I'm able to actually go into my", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00028-00016440-00017048": "village and refresh, and we'll see that we have a new district here. And", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00029-00017048-00017568": "previously I had set some districts in here like Gulu and", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00030-00017568-00018036": "Kampala that's why you're seeing this information showing up here, and", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00031-00018036-00018486": "actually you can attach a number of other categories like you see how we", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00032-00018486-00019026": "have this, I'll just open this up for our preview, but if we decided to say that", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00033-00019026-00019679": "we're going to change this to be attached to the posts type, if we", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00034-00019679-00020175": "reload our post type, we'll see that we have the district categorization here", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00035-00020175-00020694": "and it's no longer with our villagers, but it's attached to the posts. So that's", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00036-00020694-00021309": "why the particular custom post type name is very important. So for us to", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00037-00021309-00021918": "create all the other categorizations that we do need we're just going to copy this", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00038-00021918-00022382": "over and then we'll change and what needs to be. So we're going to change the", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00039-00022382-00023198": "district, and then we're going to change this to county, I'll just put this in lower case", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00040-00023198-00023922": "and then I'll have this particular label in uppercase. So these marks that we see here", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00041-00023922-00024320": "help us change languages let's say we've written this in English, and then we can", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00042-00024320-00024759": "actually internationalize it to French or German", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00043-00024759-00025473": "by using these marks here. You can read about them in i18n on the", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00044-00025473-00026182": "WordPress codex, and then we're going to go for these other ones,", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00045-00026233-00026875": "we have our five taxonomies that are registered, and if we reload right here, so in", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00046-00026875-00027315": "our custom post type we find we have the district, county, sub-county, parishes and", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00047-00027315-00027840": "sub parish ready for us, and if you look here on the side you'll see that these", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00048-00027840-00028336": "are available. So what I'm going to do is that I can actually drag them in order", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00049-00028336-00028965": "so that when someone is feeding in the information they are not lost. So I'll", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00050-00028965-00029652": "just move this down to just above parish, then I can always send a publish up", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00051-00029652-00030072": "or at the bottom, so that someone only clicks publish after they've filled in", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00052-00030072-00031244": "this information. So I'll just move the sub county also up, so that it is in position", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00053-00031244-00031738": "when someone is inputting all the information. So we are ready to start", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00054-00031738-00032277": "taking in our information, and we are ready to actually push it at our front", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00055-00032277-00032956": "end or we can be now ready to push it to our custom endpoint. Any one of us can", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00056-00032956-00033706": "actually put information in this so I'll be looking forward to adding that. So by", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00057-00033706-00034075": "now you should have realized that we have the same thing that is", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00058-00034075-00034563": "repetitively coming up, so what I'm going to do is try to refactor all this code", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00059-00034563-00035002": "so that we have something that's a little neat. So I'm going to save our", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00060-00035002-00035781": "taxonomies in a variable called \"tax\", and then I'll create an array of this, so in", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00061-00035781-00036309": "our array we're going to have our names that we do want. So we want to have a district,", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00062-00036309-00037806": "then we want to have a county, we want to have a sub county, then we want to have a parish and sub parish.", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00063-00038185-00038615": "Those are the five pieces that we do need. So what I'm going to be here I'm", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00064-00038615-00039404": "going to wrap them under a for each loop, and I'll say for each tax as a", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00065-00039404-00040154": "taxonomy, I'm going to loop over and say register one taxonomy. So I'm just going", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00066-00040154-00040949": "to get one of these, and then I'll get rid of all the others. So in here I'm", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00067-00040949-00041405": "going to place our register taxonomy. So the first thing that I'm going to do", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00068-00041405-00042514": "is get the taxonomy here registered, then I'll also just register this", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00069-00042514-00043451": "as taxonomy and allow for space, of course internationalization only", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00070-00043451-00044180": "allows directly added values. So once we're done with this we're going to go and", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00071-00044180-00044762": "reload in our browser, and when we reload in our browser we actually find that we", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00072-00044762-00045290": "don't have any issues in our particular categories using the taxonomies, apart", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00073-00045290-00045749": "from having these in lower case and then we have an underscore. So I would like to", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00074-00045749-00046484": "have both words in uppercase, so what I'm going to do is I'm going to use a PHP", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00075-00046484-00047090": "functionality which is called a string replace, and basically it's going to", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00076-00047090-00047716": "search our taxonomy that we've stored in the variable, and it", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00077-00047716-00048263": "requires three arguments. So the first argument is what you're looking to", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00078-00048263-00048797": "replace which is an underscore, and then what we replace is with a space so I'll put", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00079-00048797-00049286": "a space here, and finally the string where we want this to be done. So if I save", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00080-00049286-00049925": "this and just go back and review, we'll see that string we have that space", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00081-00049925-00050381": "coming in and no longer have the underscore coming in, but when we look at", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00082-00050381-00050945": "the bottom of right here the bottom we'll see, when we look at that URL we'll find", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00083-00050945-00051298": "that the taxonomy part has its underscore, however", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00084-00051298-00051816": "the label here is clean. So what we need to do is also make it uppercase, what we", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00085-00051816-00052672": "are going to do is use also again a PHP function uppercase, this one will get the", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00086-00052672-00053245": "first letter of the word and will make it into uppercase. So we have this all", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00087-00053245-00053742": "coming out on reload. But we still need both of them so what are these instead", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00088-00053742-00054502": "of use upper case ucfirst I'll use ucwords, which will get the first", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00089-00054502-00055051": "letter of each word and then make it up uppercase. So we have what we wanted", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00090-00055051-00055801": "actually in here. So the only thing that now is still probably a pain point is", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00091-00055801-00056347": "that when we go in the districts or in the county itself we see this is", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00092-00056347-00056742": "changing well, but however this word category is still here we still have", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00093-00056742-00057277": "parent category, we still have categories in here, which can be a bit confusing for", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00094-00057277-00057733": "the people entering our data, so we're going to go to our custom post types because the", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00095-00057733-00058204": "labels that are needed are similar, so we'll just pick the labels, and we're going to", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00096-00058204-00058701": "come and drop them in our for each loop. The next thing that we're going to do is", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00097-00058701-00059304": "we're going to pick our label that we had worked out very well, and we're", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00098-00059304-00059902": "going to store it into our variable with the name of \"name\", and then we'll just", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00099-00059902-00060463": "terminate that. And what we'll do next is replace all our plural name variables", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00100-00060463-00061159": "with a variable of \"name\", and then also get all the singular name variables and also", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00101-00061159-00061551": "turn them into \"name\".", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00102-00061750-00062345": "So we're going to change our label also into labels, and when we refresh and reload", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00103-00062345-00062882": "the page we see that we have an error. We're receiving an array of information and", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00104-00062882-00063500": "yet this particular label only accepts only one item, however if we want it to be an", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00105-00063500-00064112": "array, we would have to change this to labels. So on reload we'll realize that", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00106-00064112-00064589": "everything is fine, we have County in the places it should be apart from the", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00107-00064589-00065111": "parent category. So what we need to do is change that, when you go back", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00108-00065111-00065882": "into our code we realize that it should be parent item instead of parent. So when", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00109-00065882-00066398": "we save that and refresh and reload, we'll see that parent county is actually", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00110-00066398-00067067": "our new label. This is what we needed to have all our taxonomies ready, so we are", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00111-00067067-00067493": "going to be able to put our information in our villages and then we'll start", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00112-00067493-00068084": "querying it and then sending it on to our API endpoint. If you liked this video", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00113-00068084-00068507": "please give it a thumbs up, or if you haven't subscribed to the channel please", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00114-00068507-00068882": "subscribe so that you don't miss any updates that will be coming on this", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00115-00068882-00069335": "channel. We shall be doing more work and we shall be open sourcing", "mEeXjiBvr0o-00116-00069335-00069970": "this particular project for any person to use. Thank you for watching. Bye bye"}}, {"audio_id": "mEYZ04laT7E", "text": {"mEYZ04laT7E-00000-00000808-00001001": "somewhat loud=funny incoming (also epilepsy too btw)", "mEYZ04laT7E-00001-00001985-00002140": "(lord forgive me for what i'm about to do)"}}, {"audio_id": "mFzJTwSdt-4", "text": {"mFzJTwSdt-4-00000-00000036-00000702": "Professor Langdon Hammer: On Monday I left off", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00001-00000702-00001395": "talking about this--what shall we call it--exciting and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00002-00001395-00002139": "dramatic ambivalence that one finds in the early Eliot that", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00003-00002139-00002742": "expresses itself in his relationship to literary", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00004-00002742-00003339": "tradition; where on the one hand,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00005-00003339-00004255": "he presents himself as a truly subversive and aggressive", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00006-00004255-00004986": "entrant into literary tradition, someone who's really going to", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00007-00004986-00005342": "shake it up and transform it; and on the other hand,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00008-00005342-00005653": "as someone who is a traditionalist,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00009-00005653-00006174": "who is going to speak with deference and seek – the word", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00010-00006174-00006576": "he uses is \"conformity\"--with the past.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00011-00006576-00007263": "Somehow, both these things are going on at the same time and in", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00012-00007263-00007584": "relationship to each other.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00013-00007584-00007988": "And \"Prufrock\" itself is a poem, I think,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00014-00007988-00008634": "preoccupied with this kind of ambivalence that I'm describing.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00015-00008634-00009254": "On the one hand, it is a poem that introduces us", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00016-00009254-00010084": "to a speaker who lacks will and who seems timorous and timid and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00017-00010084-00010506": "who hesitates before action.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00018-00010506-00010862": "On the other hand, he is a speaker who says to us,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00019-00010862-00011181": "\"There will be time to murder and create,\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00020-00011181-00011595": "as if creating and murdering were, in fact,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00021-00011595-00012106": "in some relation and might go on at the same time.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00022-00012106-00012419": "And in fact, if one does have some sense of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00023-00012419-00012747": "creativity as involving a kind of aggression,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00024-00012747-00013126": "or even murderousness, one might hesitate before it,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00025-00013126-00013602": "right? These psychological dimensions", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00026-00013602-00014258": "that I'm describing have, well, Freudian and Oedipal", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00027-00014258-00014875": "dimensions that I think are readily apparent.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00028-00014875-00015596": "How is it possible for Eliot to claim the authority of past", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00029-00015596-00016204": "literature without, at the same time,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00030-00016204-00017387": "either destroying it or utterly submitting himself to it?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00031-00017387-00017752": "This problem expresses, I think, Eliot's double", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00032-00017752-00018068": "relation to the past and is expressed,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00033-00018068-00018521": "as I was suggesting last time, in the ambiguous use of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00034-00018521-00019042": "quotation that seems to hover between some kind of deferential", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00035-00019042-00019562": "honoring of the literature of the past and something much more", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00036-00019562-00019869": "provocative and often parodic.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00037-00019869-00020371": "And you can think of the many different texts that \"Prufrock\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00038-00020371-00020805": "alludes to and borrows, only some of which are traced", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00039-00020805-00020988": "in your footnotes.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00040-00020988-00021688": "In fact, there's a great many more than you find in your", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00041-00021688-00022059": "footnotes. There are quotations from", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00042-00022059-00022506": "Marvell, from the Bible, from Dante, from Twelfth", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00043-00022506-00022894": "Night. Well, there's that opening", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00044-00022894-00023296": "quotation from Dante, from the Gospels,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00045-00023296-00023682": "too. Prufrock's world-weariness,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00046-00023682-00024192": "you know, \"For I have known them all already,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00047-00024192-00024661": "known them all,\" as understood in the poetic", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00048-00024661-00025113": "context, this seems to, well, express his sense of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00049-00025113-00025556": "belatedness and of the--everything having in some", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00050-00025556-00025824": "sense been done already.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00052-00026261-00026698": "In, again, Freudian or Oedipal terms, terms that Harold Bloom", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00053-00026698-00027127": "would develop as a reader of Eliot in his own criticism very", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00054-00027127-00027592": "influentially, you can put the problem this", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00055-00027592-00028317": "way: how can Eliot come to write in the father's place without", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00056-00028317-00028829": "killing him or being overwhelmed by him?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00057-00028829-00029364": "In his confrontation with the past, neither he,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00058-00029364-00030063": "Eliot, nor the past must be destroyed, or the game's over.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00059-00030063-00030405": "Eliot thereby swerves, you could say,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00060-00030405-00030985": "alternatively from each of these unacceptable alternatives.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00061-00030985-00031434": "And that kind of back-and-forth-ness you feel in", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00062-00031434-00031817": "Prufrock's divagations and wanderings.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00063-00031817-00032321": "You see it throughout Eliot's early career in his funny", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00064-00032321-00032882": "mixture of avant-gardism and traditionalism because he's both", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00065-00032882-00033311": "those things. I've been describing this in", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00066-00033311-00033513": "psychological terms.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00067-00033513-00033766": "We could also think about it in social terms,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00068-00033766-00033983": "and I think it's important to do so.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00069-00033983-00034560": "This Oedipal drama that I'm describing is also a social", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00070-00034560-00034837": "drama in important ways.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00071-00034837-00035394": "Here is a question: how does a young American –", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00072-00035394-00036078": "because that's what he was – go and win a place in English", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00073-00036078-00036569": "literary culture, insert himself in a tradition", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00074-00036569-00036936": "that includes Shakespeare, Milton, Tennyson,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00075-00036936-00037361": "and Wordsworth; insert himself not only as a", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00076-00037361-00037941": "member of that tradition but as a central explainer of it and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00077-00037941-00038483": "tastemaker, which is in fact what Eliot would become?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00078-00038483-00039132": "Last time I pointed out that Eliot's expatriation,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00079-00039132-00039462": "his going from the U.S.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00080-00039462-00040052": "to London, was a rejection not only of America and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00081-00040052-00040568": "American-ness, but in particular a rejection", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00082-00040568-00041145": "of his father, who died while he was abroad;", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00083-00041145-00041621": "and there was a certain amount of question about whether Eliot", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00084-00041621-00042057": "would return in time to see his father before he died.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00085-00042057-00042600": "In a very short time in London, Eliot becomes more English than", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00086-00042600-00043064": "the English. It's a strange and marvelous,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00087-00043064-00043358": "fascinating development.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00088-00043358-00043959": "He learns or creates a certain style of English-ness that he", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00089-00043959-00044468": "then goes on to teach to the English themselves.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00090-00044468-00044872": "This is what Williams – William Carlos Williams – and,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00091-00044872-00045262": "in fact, other American writers despised about Eliot,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00092-00045262-00045867": "that he was the--not just the Anglophile that he was,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00093-00045867-00046426": "but the true English authority that he became.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00094-00046426-00046815": "He made himself, without any previous standing,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00095-00046815-00047296": "any connections really in London or in English culture--he", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00096-00047296-00047685": "made himself a central cultural authority,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00097-00047685-00048081": "which became in a very short time almost synonymous with", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00098-00048081-00048218": "tradition itself.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00099-00048218-00048757": "This is an amazing and remarkable achievement and an", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00100-00048757-00049043": "important cultural event.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00101-00049043-00049709": "The thing is that the tradition that Eliot expounded was", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00102-00049709-00050218": "something to a large degree he invented.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00103-00050218-00050679": "Eliot is not, as he is often seen,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00104-00050679-00051449": "I think, the defender of a social order that was passing", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00105-00051449-00051791": "away. And sometimes Yeats represents", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00106-00051791-00051921": "himself that way.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00107-00051921-00052614": "Rather, Eliot is the representative of a new class,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00108-00052614-00053473": "a new class opposing itself to the traditional social authority", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00109-00053473-00053981": "of money and of blood, aristocracy,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00110-00053981-00054670": "that makes its claim for social authority on the basis of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00111-00054670-00055000": "knowledge, technical knowledge and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00112-00055000-00055355": "expertise above all: a kind of professional class", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00113-00055355-00055813": "into which you, too, are being educated largely", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00114-00055813-00056138": "through the modern university.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00115-00056138-00056631": "Eliot's tradition, that I'm saying he invented or", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00116-00056631-00057133": "created, described, defined--he made it out of the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00117-00057133-00057553": "education he had received at Harvard.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00118-00057553-00057771": "And he also, importantly,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00119-00057771-00058259": "made it outside of the classroom, in part in the school", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00120-00058259-00058634": "of Ezra Pound who, you might remember from last", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00121-00058634-00059017": "week, specifically also when he expatriates, leaves behind the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00122-00059017-00059378": "vulgo, the people, and sees himself as", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00123-00059378-00059815": "entering into some kind of timeless tradition that he", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00124-00059815-00060311": "identifies – Pound does – with the \"spirits of irony and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00125-00060311-00060659": "destiny.\" That's his phrase to describe", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00126-00060659-00060904": "the great writers of the past.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00127-00060904-00061574": "Eliot also enters this kind of semi-imaginary community of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00128-00061574-00061962": "tradition. Eliot's sense of tradition is", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00129-00061962-00062490": "established in part through his quotations and allusions in his", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00130-00062490-00062766": "poetry, in part and importantly,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00131-00062766-00063226": "and I'll talk more about it today, through his criticism.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00132-00063226-00063619": "This kind of tradition with which Eliot allies himself,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00133-00063619-00063947": "you could say bankrolls everything he does,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00134-00063947-00064591": "legitimizes and authorizes, gives sanction and precedent to", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00135-00064591-00065013": "what was Eliot's strange new poetry.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00136-00065013-00065477": "Frost, you remember, as he says, \"goes to market\" so", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00137-00065477-00065812": "he could stand on his own two feet.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00138-00065812-00066587": "Well, Eliot went to tradition to establish his autonomy.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00139-00066587-00067396": "And tradition allows him to, well, to stand apart both from", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00140-00067396-00068011": "the genteel audiences that Pound resisted,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00141-00068011-00068461": "that Frost in certain ways courted, and also allows Eliot", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00142-00068461-00068767": "to stand apart from the avant-garde,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00143-00068767-00069436": "which he has a kind of ambiguous relationship to;", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00144-00069436-00069650": "allows him to stand apart, you could say,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00145-00069650-00069908": "from the audiences of both a magazine like The", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00146-00069908-00070187": "Atlantic or Harper's on the one hand,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00147-00070187-00070519": "and on the other hand a magazine like the Little", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00148-00070519-00070884": "Review or Blast even, where he did appear,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00149-00070884-00071300": "or Broom --some of those magazines I showed you in the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00150-00071300-00071550": "first week. Eliot's own magazine,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00151-00071550-00071944": "which becomes an important vehicle for his work and his", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00152-00071944-00072317": "ideas and his authority and his presence in literary", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00153-00072317-00072777": "culture--and you can go back and look at its cover in the images", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00154-00072777-00072966": "for the first week.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00155-00072966-00073284": "His magazine was The Criterion,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00156-00073284-00073723": "a magazine that had a kind of semi-official look and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00157-00073723-00074155": "represents the fantasy of, I think, a kind of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00158-00074155-00074533": "institutional and universal authority.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00159-00074533-00075050": "Well, how do you go about inventing tradition?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00160-00075050-00075652": "In order to do so, Eliot had to demonstrate that", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00161-00075652-00076292": "the received existing tradition was a false one.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00162-00076292-00076813": "\"The Metaphysical Poets\" is the great and peculiar,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00163-00076813-00077166": "in many ways, essay, in which Eliot", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00164-00077166-00077708": "undertakes this work in a very influential form.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00165-00077708-00077997": "And I'd like to look at it with you for a few minutes.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00166-00077997-00078581": "It starts on page 950 at the back of your book and goes to", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00167-00078581-00078963": "page 953. This was a book review.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00168-00078963-00079373": "This was one of the great book reviews in the history of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00169-00079373-00079523": "English criticism.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00170-00079523-00080103": "Eliot was reviewing an anthology of the metaphysical", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00171-00080103-00080463": "poets. That is, poets of wit,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00172-00080463-00081174": "in particular of the--largely of the seventeenth century,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00173-00081174-00082034": "including poets like Donne, whose reputation Eliot did a", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00174-00082034-00082691": "great deal to establish in this century.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00175-00082691-00083074": "In the process of reviewing this anthology,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00176-00083074-00083511": "Eliot comes up with a whole alternative theory or", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00177-00083511-00084020": "alternative history of English literature and certain key", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00178-00084020-00084394": "poetic propositions and statements.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00179-00084394-00084819": "Let me just emphasize a few of them for you.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00180-00084819-00085329": "You'll see how the account of literary history and Eliot's own", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00181-00085329-00085698": "ideas of poetics are all kind of mixed up.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00182-00085698-00086019": "And so you have to consider them together.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00183-00086019-00086594": "On page 951, he has just quoted Donne,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00184-00086594-00087092": "and then he's quoted Tennyson.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00185-00087092-00087546": "And the idea is that Donne is good, Tennyson is bad.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00186-00087546-00087945": "Now, he will continue and say: The difference is not a", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00187-00087945-00088129": "simple difference of degree between poets.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00188-00088129-00088596": "It is something which had happened to the mind of England", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00189-00088596-00089129": "between the time of Dunn or Lord Herbert of Cherbury and the time", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00190-00089129-00089579": "of Tennyson and Browning; it is the difference between", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00191-00089579-00089945": "the intellectual poet [that's a good kind of poet]", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00192-00089945-00090190": "and the reflective poet [bad].", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00193-00090190-00090636": "Tennyson and Browning are poets, and they think;", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00194-00090636-00091174": "but they do not feel their thought as immediately as the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00195-00091174-00091600": "odour of a rose. A thought to Donne was an", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00196-00091600-00092115": "experience; it modified his sensibility.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00197-00092115-00092507": "[Evidently, he felt his thought as immediately,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00198-00092507-00092814": "as sensually, as the odor of a rose.]", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00199-00092814-00093309": "When a poet's mind is perfectly equipped for its work,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00200-00093309-00093857": "it is constantly amalgamating disparate experience;", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00201-00093857-00094290": "the ordinary man's experience is chaotic, irregular,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00202-00094290-00094626": "fragmentary. [Maybe quite a bit like", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00203-00094626-00095157": "Prufrock's, you would think.] The latter falls in love,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00204-00095157-00095571": "or reads Spinoza, and these two experiences have", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00205-00095571-00095972": "nothing to do with each other, or with the noise of the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00206-00095972-00096149": "typewriter or the smell of cooking;", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00207-00096149-00096528": "in the mind of the poet, however, these experiences are", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00208-00096528-00096795": "constantly forming new wholes.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00209-00096795-00097282": "Well, you can see there a little recipe for an Auden poem,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00210-00097282-00097710": "excuse me – well, maybe for an Auden poem too –", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00211-00097710-00097899": "for an Eliot poem.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00212-00097899-00098223": "It's a poem about falling in love, reading Spinoza and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00213-00098223-00098596": "listening to the typewriter while somebody cooks something.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00214-00098596-00098919": "We may express the differences by the following", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00215-00098919-00099162": "theory [And note that \"we\": you know,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00216-00099162-00099670": "Eliot has this \"we\" that you just have to bow before when he", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00217-00099670-00100035": "uses it, or join him, I guess]: The poets of the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00218-00100035-00100298": "seventeenth century, the successors of the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00219-00100298-00100651": "dramatists of the sixteenth, possessed a mechanism of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00220-00100651-00101056": "sensibility, which could devour [and that's an interesting word]", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00221-00101056-00101224": "any kind of experience.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00222-00101224-00101442": "They are simple, artificial, difficult,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00223-00101442-00101689": "or fantastic, as their predecessors were;", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00224-00101689-00101936": "no less nor more than Dante….", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00225-00101936-00102270": "In the seventeenth century [however]", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00226-00102270-00102853": "a dissociation of sensibility set in, from which we have never", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00227-00102853-00103264": "recovered [And this--what does he mean?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00228-00103264-00103719": "He means thought and feeling have somehow come apart];", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00229-00103719-00103901": "and this dissociation, as is natural,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00230-00103901-00104211": "was aggravated by the influence of the two most powerful poets", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00231-00104211-00104434": "of the century, Milton and Dryden.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00232-00104434-00105064": "And then he goes on to complain about Milton and Dryden and then", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00233-00105064-00105694": "follow the Romantic inheritance of Milton and Dryden in the next", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00234-00105694-00105976": "paragraph. He says:", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00235-00105976-00106388": "The sentimental age began early in the eighteenth century,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00236-00106388-00106634": "and continued. [Wouldn't you like,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00237-00106634-00107007": "in your own essays, to be able to give this kind of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00238-00107007-00107298": "rapid-fire summary of literary history?]", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00239-00107298-00107672": "The poets revolted against the ratiocinative,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00240-00107672-00108179": "the descriptive; they thought and felt by fits,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00241-00108179-00108495": "unbalanced; they reflected.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00242-00108495-00108825": "In one or two passages of Shelley's Triumph of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00243-00108825-00109163": "Life, in the second Hyperion [of Keats]", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00244-00109163-00109514": "there are traces of a struggle toward unification of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00245-00109514-00109924": "sensibility. But Keats and Shelley died,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00246-00109924-00110378": "and Tennyson and Browning ruminated.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00247-00110378-00110836": "It's amazing literary criticism.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00248-00110836-00111618": "Well, here is quite an extraordinary account of English", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00249-00111618-00111894": "literary history.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00250-00111894-00112057": "Eliot is proposing this.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00251-00112057-00112362": "It's quite a strange and interesting claim,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00252-00112362-00112630": "which for a long time, I might add,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00253-00112630-00113283": "really was persuasive and became a kind of orthodoxy among", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00254-00113283-00113603": "readers of English poetry.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00255-00113603-00114077": "And that is: that the metaphysical poets,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00256-00114077-00114682": "for centuries viewed as an anomaly in the history of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00257-00114682-00115393": "English poetry because of their extreme intellectuality,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00258-00115393-00116029": "their poetry of wit, that this anomaly in English", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00259-00116029-00116759": "literary tradition actually represents central values in", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00260-00116759-00117488": "literature that were lost through what Eliot views as an", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00261-00117488-00118005": "eccentric and aberrant tradition,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00262-00118005-00118478": "which is, in fact, that which descends from Milton", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00263-00118478-00118942": "and runs through the Romantics and Victorians.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00264-00118942-00119459": "Samuel Johnson in the eighteenth century influentially", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00265-00119459-00120055": "complained of the metaphysical poets that they \"yoked the most", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00266-00120055-00120660": "heterogeneous ideas together by violence\" – this is Johnson's", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00267-00120660-00120914": "phrase. In other words,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00268-00120914-00121413": "they were forced and willful and they put things together in", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00269-00121413-00121752": "a kind of violent and artificial way.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00270-00121752-00122036": "Eliot is flipping that around.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00271-00122036-00122372": "And he says, only the metaphysical poets", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00272-00122372-00122622": "united thought and feeling.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00273-00122622-00123579": "And it's these other poets that have been deficient and marginal", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00274-00123579-00124188": "to the main mission of English poetry,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00275-00124188-00124666": "and that they are symptomatic of some derangement in the mind", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00276-00124666-00125138": "of England that he calls a \"dissociation of sensibility,\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00277-00125138-00125640": "which somehow set in in the seventeenth century or so.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00278-00125640-00125907": "All of this, this whole sort of account of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00279-00125907-00126221": "how English history, English literary history,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00280-00126221-00126599": "developed – all of this in this essay suddenly,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00281-00126599-00127024": "without any preparation, turns into a defense of modern", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00282-00127024-00127418": "poetry, or you might say a defense of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00283-00127418-00127738": "Eliot's poetry. He says, without,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00284-00127738-00128164": "as I say, really any preparation on the bottom of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00285-00128164-00128484": "page 952: It is not a permanent", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00286-00128484-00128937": "necessity that poets should be interested in philosophy [as I", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00287-00128937-00129277": "was, or as I am], or in any other subject.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00288-00129277-00129482": "We [and there's that \"we\" again]", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00289-00129482-00129826": "can only say that it appears likely that poets in our", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00290-00129826-00130167": "civilization, as it exists at present,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00291-00130167-00130415": "must be difficult.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00292-00130415-00130946": "Our civilization [he continues] comprehends great variety and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00293-00130946-00131353": "complexity, and this variety and complexity,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00294-00131353-00131964": "playing upon a refined sensibility [such as mine],", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00295-00131964-00132500": "must produce various and complex results.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00296-00132500-00132990": "The poet [and now he's telling us what poets must do]", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00297-00132990-00133385": "must become more and more comprehensive,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00298-00133385-00133696": "more allusive, more indirect,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00299-00133696-00134218": "in order to force, to dislocate if necessary,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00300-00134218-00134964": "language into his meaning. And then he will go on to quote", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00301-00134964-00135464": "French poetry, modern French poetry,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00302-00135464-00135863": "to demonstrate, as he feels it,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00303-00135863-00136422": "the continuity between modern verse and the metaphysicals.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00304-00136422-00137067": "Well, here, Eliot is saying, first of all,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00305-00137067-00137838": "that the character of modern poetry--and again,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00306-00137838-00138218": "for which we must read, his poetry--is simply a", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00307-00138218-00138575": "reflection of the forces playing upon it,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00308-00138575-00138894": "the variety and complexity of our civilization.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00309-00138894-00139254": "In that formulation, the poet seems almost passive,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00310-00139254-00139644": "doesn't he? Passive and like a kind of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00311-00139644-00140328": "receptor that is naturally and necessarily producing the kind", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00312-00140328-00140773": "of strange poetry that Eliot writes.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00313-00140773-00141187": "Then, before that idea has really sunk in,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00314-00141187-00141753": "Eliot gives us another view of what the poet is doing.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00315-00141753-00142196": "The poet is not in fact passive, but rather,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00316-00142196-00142659": "he is forcing, he is dislocating language into", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00317-00142659-00142999": "his meaning. And it's such an odd phrase,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00318-00142999-00143270": "to \"dislocate language\" into your meaning.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00319-00143270-00144037": "It suggests that the poet is not merely producing language,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00320-00144037-00144593": "but moving it from one place to another.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00321-00144593-00145024": "The question that we might ask, though, standing back,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00322-00145024-00145464": "of the metaphysicals is a question that we could ask of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00323-00145464-00145967": "Eliot's poetry. That is, does this poetry that", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00324-00145967-00146686": "Eliot's talking about put things together or take them apart?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00325-00146686-00147179": "Does it represent some kind of synthesis, or rather,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00326-00147179-00147517": "some kind of violent derangement?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00327-00147517-00148053": "Is it a mirror of a various and complex civilization?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00328-00148053-00148389": "Is it in that sense mimetic, realist?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00329-00148389-00148845": "Or is it rather expressionistic,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00330-00148845-00149713": "willful, a kind of subjective and highly personal expression", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00331-00149713-00150273": "in which the poet is purposefully,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00332-00150273-00150917": "actively dislocating and deforming language?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00333-00150917-00151483": "Is it in this sense a poetry that is a kind of necessary and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00334-00151483-00151819": "inevitable expression of the age?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00335-00151819-00152380": "Or is it perverse and eccentric: an arbitrary", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00336-00152380-00152764": "assertion of authorial will?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00337-00152764-00153258": "These are questions that Eliot's own work,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00338-00153258-00153921": "as I say, raises and that are part of the history of his", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00339-00153921-00154402": "reception. Eliot, in his account of the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00340-00154402-00155015": "metaphysicals and then in his defense of his own kind of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00341-00155015-00155314": "poetry, seems, I think,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00342-00155314-00155990": "to equivocate to a degree between these alternatives.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00343-00155990-00156628": "Equivocation is, again, the key rhetoric of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00344-00156628-00157251": "\"Prufrock\" and of Eliot's early poetry,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00345-00157251-00157811": "of Prufrock's temporizing and his delays and his going back", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00346-00157811-00158226": "and forth. Let me say just a couple more", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00347-00158226-00158824": "things about \"Prufrock\" in the light of what I've just been", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00348-00158824-00159329": "quoting for you from \"The Metaphysical Poets.\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00349-00159329-00159992": "\"Prufrock\" has a kind of ambiguous relation to the past,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00350-00159992-00160643": "and specifically to the past of English Romanticism.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00351-00160643-00161447": "The poem is simultaneously a deconstruction and critique of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00352-00161447-00162113": "the Romantic ideals and values of originality,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00353-00162113-00162736": "of expressiveness, and it is also a highly", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00354-00162736-00163526": "original and expressive reworking of those ideals.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00355-00163526-00164109": "It's a kind of anti-Romantic poem that is an extension of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00356-00164109-00164591": "Romanticism. Unlike the conventional love", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00357-00164591-00165323": "song, this one comes from the head rather than the heart or,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00358-00165323-00165580": "you could say, really from that opening", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00359-00165580-00165859": "quotation from Dante on, it comes from,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00360-00165859-00166318": "comes out of many other texts.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00361-00166318-00166843": "I think that there's a kind of suggestion or implication in the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00362-00166843-00167351": "poem that what people claim is original and primary is always", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00363-00167351-00167648": "in some sense already scripted.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00364-00167648-00168146": "That consciousness, the way our minds work,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00365-00168146-00168669": "is linguistic: that we think and feel through", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00366-00168669-00168983": "language, with language,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00367-00168983-00169653": "and through a kind of collage network of verbal associations", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00368-00169653-00170232": "made out of texts and phrases from not only literary", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00369-00170232-00170682": "tradition, of course, but the whole", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00370-00170682-00170996": "spectrum of everyday life.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00371-00170996-00171366": "Original speech, heroic action,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00372-00171366-00172071": "the will, unmediated desire: these ideals are all rejected", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00373-00172071-00172417": "in \"Prufrock\"; parodied;", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00374-00172417-00172778": "subjected to irony, discontinuity.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00375-00172778-00173271": "They're seen as Romantic illusions, clichés.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00376-00173271-00173778": "The poem is not merely a parody of them;", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00377-00173778-00174274": "or, maybe through parody it does something else.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00378-00174274-00174614": "It is, of course, in its own way,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00379-00174614-00175199": "quite as daring and disturbing a poem, disturbing to the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00380-00175199-00175751": "universe of poetry at least, as any modern poem.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00381-00175751-00176533": "And I think you can see it as, in effect, a new kind of love", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00382-00176533-00177209": "song, one in which the withdrawing of desire from an", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00383-00177209-00177990": "object – our consciousness of our own desires – subjects", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00384-00177990-00178732": "them to reflection but at the same time sustains them and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00385-00178732-00179289": "re-voices them through reflection.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00386-00179289-00179799": "You could say that what the poem does is to intellectualize", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00387-00179799-00180085": "longing. And, behind that,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00388-00180085-00180783": "it makes of the modern skeptic and intellectual a new kind of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00389-00180783-00181235": "Romantic hero. What does Prufrock want,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00390-00181235-00181583": "ultimately? What does he mean when he says,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00391-00181583-00181854": "\"No, that's not what I meant at all?\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00392-00181854-00182078": "Well, it's hard to say exactly.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00393-00182078-00182521": "But the poem does conclude, and as it does it gives us a", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00394-00182521-00182730": "kind of answer, I think.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00395-00182730-00182900": "Why don't we look at the end of it?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00396-00182900-00183069": "That's on page 466.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00398-00183372-00183695": "I grow old. . .", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00399-00183695-00184125": "I grow old. . . I shall wear the bottoms of my", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00400-00184125-00184598": "trousers rolled. Shall I part my hair behind?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00401-00184598-00184985": "Do I dare to eat a peach?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00402-00184985-00185406": "I shall wear white flannel trousers, and walk upon the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00403-00185406-00185742": "beach. I have heard the mermaids", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00404-00185742-00186232": "singing, each to each. You see, here,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00405-00186232-00186816": "Prufrock has moved into these rhyming tercets.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00406-00186816-00187335": "He says quite simply and definitively:", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00407-00187335-00187651": "I do not think that they will sing to me.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00408-00187651-00188025": "I have seen them riding seaward on the waves", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00409-00188025-00188323": "Combing the white hair of the waves blown back", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00410-00188323-00188650": "When the wind blows the water white and black.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00411-00188650-00189211": "And as he describes this, there is kind of heightening of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00412-00189211-00189853": "conventional lyric language with that alliteration and with those", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00413-00189853-00190159": "images: We have lingered in the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00414-00190159-00190527": "chambers of the sea By sea-girls wreathed with", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00415-00190527-00191026": "seaweed red and brown Till human voices wake us,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00416-00191026-00191254": "and we drown.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00418-00191574-00192045": "It's hard to interpret, I think, the end of this poem", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00419-00192045-00192439": "precisely. I think that Prufrock has", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00420-00192439-00192895": "really no clarified, no specified desire,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00421-00192895-00193318": "except maybe to hear the mermaids.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00422-00193318-00193818": "\"I do not think that they will sing to me\": \"I want them to,\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00423-00193818-00194018": "he seems to be saying.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00424-00194018-00194470": "In a sense, I think, you could say he wants Romantic", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00425-00194470-00194700": "singing. He wants to hear it.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00426-00194700-00195131": "Perhaps he wants to be able to join in it himself,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00427-00195131-00195571": "which is a wish for lyric inspiration, isn't it?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00428-00195571-00195918": "He doesn't want to make love to these mermaids.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00429-00195918-00196134": "He wants to hear them.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00430-00196134-00196554": "He wants to linger with them, to have access to their", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00431-00196554-00197013": "element, and to that extent to be among them and even like", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00432-00197013-00197314": "them. It is a wish for,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00433-00197314-00197837": "specifically, freedom from human voices,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00434-00197837-00198613": "which I take to be the endless, overheard inner voices in which", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00435-00198613-00199233": "the quoted, repetitive speech that makes up his consciousness", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00436-00199233-00199506": "consists. In this sense,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00437-00199506-00200029": "it's a wish for a renewal of Romantic enchantment,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00438-00200029-00200668": "which he knows is impossible, and which he also knows,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00439-00200668-00201425": "I think, is a wish as old as Keats's \"Ode to a Nightingale.\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00440-00201425-00201791": "And this is a poem, ultimately, very much in that", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00441-00201791-00201952": "Keatsian tradition.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00443-00202265-00202914": "The Waste Land: let's begin at the end.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00444-00202914-00203465": "Let's begin at the end, on page 486.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00446-00204615-00205203": "The Waste Land is a poem that comes in five parts.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00447-00205203-00205888": "The fifth section, I think, it's the longest,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00448-00205888-00206448": "is called \"What the Thunder Said.\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00449-00206448-00207235": "It reaches a kind of climax when the poem renders the voice", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00450-00207235-00207725": "of the thunder. In the landscape of The", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00451-00207725-00208144": "Waste Land, we are waiting for water.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00452-00208144-00208675": "We're waiting for everything that water would represent.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00453-00208675-00209357": "And thunder promises that water, and it also,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00454-00209357-00209976": "importantly, represents a kind of speech:", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00455-00209976-00210565": "a speech that comes out of nature,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00456-00210565-00211165": "something that the thunder says, has all kinds of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00457-00211165-00211478": "mythological resonance.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00458-00211478-00212459": "You might even view it as the voice of myth itself,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00459-00212459-00213598": "here able to be given a voice and a hearing in the poem.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00460-00213598-00213985": "What the thunder says, is \"Da.\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00461-00213985-00214784": "Da: a primary syllable.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00462-00214784-00215711": "There is a note explaining this, coming to us from your", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00463-00215711-00216123": "editor and from Eliot.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00464-00216123-00216763": "It is the first phoneme that becomes part of the instruction,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00465-00216763-00217232": "the series of instructions \"Datta,\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00466-00217232-00217748": "\"Dayadhvam,\" \"Damyata,\" translated as", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00467-00217748-00218100": "\"Give,\" \"Sympathize,\" \"Control.\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00468-00218100-00218487": "When the thunder speaks, this is what it has to say.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00469-00218487-00218802": "It gives us these instructions.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00471-00219169-00219953": "On page 486, I'll just focus on one of these", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00472-00219953-00220376": "imperatives: Da", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00473-00220376-00220859": "Dayadhvam: I have heard the key", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00474-00220859-00221276": "Turn in the door once and turn once only", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00475-00221276-00221696": "We think of the key, each in his prison", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00476-00221696-00222175": "Thinking of the key, each confirms a prison", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00477-00222175-00222432": "Only at nightfall, aethereal rumours", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00478-00222432-00222900": "Revive for a moment a broken Coriolanus", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00479-00222900-00223242": "Da Damyata:", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00480-00223242-00223613": "The boat responded Gaily, to the hand expert with", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00481-00223613-00223794": "sail and oar The sea was calm,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00482-00223794-00224121": "your heart [and there's this interesting switch of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00483-00224121-00224557": "tense] would have responded Gaily, when invited,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00484-00224557-00224811": "beating obedient To controlling hands", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00485-00224811-00225753": "Well, \"Dayadhvam\" is translated here as \"sympathize.\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00486-00225753-00226056": "The poem is, in many ways,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00487-00226056-00226564": "concerned with sympathy as a central value,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00488-00226564-00227284": "a central action in human life, and the lines that they", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00489-00227284-00228084": "introduce describe the condition that sympathy would redress or", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00490-00228084-00228626": "enter into in some kind of healing way.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00491-00228626-00228988": "\"I have heard the key / turn in the door once and turn once", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00492-00228988-00229152": "only.\" Well, Eliot,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00493-00229152-00229717": "when he produced this poem – not the first version of this", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00494-00229717-00230315": "poem in The Criterion, his own magazine where it first", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00495-00230315-00230728": "was published, but rather when it appeared in", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00496-00230728-00231114": "the United States – added footnotes,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00497-00231114-00231386": "or rather endnotes, to the poem.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00498-00231386-00232126": "And the endnotes we have here are worth contemplating.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00499-00232126-00232556": "In a sense, Eliot's notes are a kind of extension of the poem,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00500-00232556-00232690": "part of the poem.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00501-00232690-00233151": "These lines bear the note \"four\":", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00502-00233151-00233508": "\"And below I heard them nailing shut the door / of the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00503-00233508-00233873": "horrible tower.\" [The speaker of those lines", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00504-00233873-00234243": "that Eliot is alluding to, half-quoting,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00505-00234243-00234802": "is Dante's Count Ugolino in the thirty-third canto of The", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00506-00234802-00235220": "Inferno.] The traitor Ugolino tells Dante", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00507-00235220-00235798": "that his enemies imprisoned him and his children in a tower to", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00508-00235798-00236234": "die of starvation. And of course,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00509-00236234-00236514": "Ugolino would eat his children.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00511-00236889-00237433": "Eliot continues. He gives us that little", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00512-00237433-00237721": "fragment from Dante, and then he says:", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00513-00237721-00237877": "\"Also, F.H.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00514-00237877-00238277": "Bradley, Appearance and Reality, p.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00515-00238277-00238594": "346. [When he writes like that,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00516-00238594-00238907": "it's like wearing that waistcoat.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00517-00238907-00239482": "It's a kind of pose, in this case the pose of a", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00518-00239482-00239791": "scholar-pedant. Bradley says:]", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00519-00239791-00240211": "'My external sensations are no less private to myself than are", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00520-00240211-00240417": "my thoughts or my feelings.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00521-00240417-00240889": "In either case my experience falls within my own circle,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00522-00240889-00241388": "a circle closed on the outside; and, with all its elements", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00523-00241388-00241938": "alike, every sphere is opaque to the others which surround it....", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00524-00241938-00242457": "In brief, regarded as an existence which appears in a", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00525-00242457-00243064": "soul, the whole world for each is peculiar and private to that", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00526-00243064-00243900": "soul.'\" Eliot worked on Bradley for his", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00527-00243900-00244250": "thesis. \"The whole world for each is", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00528-00244250-00244478": "peculiar and private to that soul.\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00529-00244478-00244804": "Well, I don't know that there is any key to The Waste", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00530-00244804-00245153": "Land, but if there is a key to The Waste Land,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00531-00245153-00245529": "it's this key in these lines, which lead us to Bradley and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00532-00245529-00245840": "Bradley's view of what consciousness is like.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00533-00245840-00246608": "Consciousness is a condition in which we are locked into our", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00534-00246608-00247155": "own, I think, linguistic representations of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00535-00247155-00247832": "reality without a common language to share them.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00536-00247832-00248584": "How can a common world be created out of radically private", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00537-00248584-00248929": "experience? Well, this is,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00538-00248929-00249649": "I think, the central question that The Waste Land is", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00539-00249649-00250046": "meditating on, responding to.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00540-00250046-00250451": "It's one of the central questions in modern poetry.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00541-00250451-00250913": "We won't get too far in the poem today.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00542-00250913-00251402": "We'll have to conclude our discussion on Monday,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00543-00251402-00252025": "but let's look at the beginning together simply to recall how", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00544-00252025-00252690": "this poetry operates and make some preliminary observations.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00545-00252690-00253004": "This section, the first section,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00546-00253004-00253590": "is called \"The Burial of the Dead\" and refers to the ritual", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00547-00253590-00254116": "in the Anglican Church as described in the Book of", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00548-00254116-00254369": "Common Prayer.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00550-00254753-00255246": "April is the cruelest month, breeding", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00551-00255246-00255558": "Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00552-00255558-00256133": "Memory and desire, stirring Dull roots with spring rain.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00553-00256133-00256819": "Winter kept us warm, covering Earth in forgetful snow, feeding", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00554-00256819-00257059": "A little life with dried tubers.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00555-00257059-00257607": "Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00556-00257607-00257971": "With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00557-00257971-00258315": "And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00558-00258315-00258721": "And drank coffee, and talked for an hour.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00559-00258721-00259038": "Bin gar keine Russin, stamm' aus Litauen,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00560-00259038-00259305": "echt deutsch. And when we were children,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00561-00259305-00259561": "staying at the arch-duke's, My cousin's,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00562-00259561-00260042": "he took me out on a sled, And I was frightened.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00563-00260042-00260446": "He said, Marie, Marie, hold on tight.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00564-00260446-00260705": "And down we went.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00565-00260705-00261057": "In the mountains, there you feel free.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00566-00261057-00261470": "I read, much of the night, and go south in the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00567-00261470-00261878": "winter. It's extraordinary poetry.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00568-00261878-00262607": "And one of the ways in which it is extraordinary is the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00569-00262607-00263349": "modulations, and where do we pinpoint the turning points", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00570-00263349-00264146": "between the initial, vatic, general voice of the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00571-00264146-00265128": "poem and then that extremely personalized first person,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00572-00265128-00265707": "who will be Marie, named that way through that", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00573-00265707-00266008": "memory. How do we get from \"April is", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00574-00266008-00266330": "the cruelest month\" to \"I read, much of the night,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00575-00266330-00266534": "and go south in the winter\"?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00576-00266534-00267418": "Somehow there is a variety, I think, a range of voices", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00577-00267418-00267811": "here. And how Eliot moves from the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00578-00267811-00268305": "one to the other is a question for us as readers.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00579-00268305-00268640": "I think it also raises, again, this central problem", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00580-00268640-00268867": "that the poem is concerned with.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00581-00268867-00269132": "And that is, what is the relationship,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00582-00269132-00269531": "how do we articulate the relationship between the general", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00583-00269531-00269984": "and the particular, between experience that is", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00584-00269984-00270648": "generalizable and that which is almost irreducibly private?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00585-00270648-00271295": "\"April is the cruelest month\": those wonderful lines we all", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00586-00271295-00271667": "know. Well, the poem begins with", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00587-00271667-00272321": "allusion, which it hardly even needs to press to \"Whan that", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00588-00272321-00272588": "Aprill, with his shoures soote,\" the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00589-00272588-00272825": "first line of The Canterbury Tales.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00590-00272825-00273262": "It evokes too, probably, Whitman's \"When", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00591-00273262-00273936": "Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomed,\" another April elegy.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00592-00273936-00274619": "The poem begins by talking about the pain of awakened", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00593-00274619-00275435": "desire, begins talking about the risk that comes with beginning", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00594-00275435-00276040": "and desiring – Prufrock's themes.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00595-00276040-00276323": "Here they are, writ large.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00596-00276323-00276805": "Desire, it seems, is painful because it breaks", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00597-00276805-00277223": "things open that are closed and shut.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00598-00277223-00277805": "It's also, it seems, unsatisfiable.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00599-00277805-00278098": "All of these are, to a degree,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00600-00278098-00278441": "conventional Romantic topoi,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00601-00278441-00278748": "motifs. Where exactly does the poem", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00602-00278748-00278975": "modulate into personal memory?", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00603-00278975-00279670": "Well, maybe somewhere in that eighth line, \"Summer surprised", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00604-00279670-00279717": "us. .", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00605-00279717-00280032": ".\" It started out looking and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00606-00280032-00280588": "feeling a lot like \"Winter kept us warm,\" but now the memory", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00607-00280588-00280965": "will become highly particularized through", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00608-00280965-00281663": "quotation, incidentally as your note will", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00609-00281663-00282099": "explain. The poem really moves into a", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00610-00282099-00282513": "kind of opaque set of personal associations:", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00611-00282513-00283032": "\"…when we were children, staying at the arch-duke's,\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00612-00283032-00283407": "and so on; \"…he took me out on a sled.\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00613-00283407-00283827": "These associations are meaningful and resonant and", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00614-00283827-00284188": "representative, I think, to the extent that", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00615-00284188-00284463": "they have a generic quality.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00616-00284463-00284979": "That is, it's not so much that they are our memories,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00617-00284979-00285257": "but they're like memories.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00618-00285257-00285910": "They're like personal memories, and they're like personal", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00619-00285910-00286621": "memories in the difficulty of translating and sharing them.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00620-00286621-00287420": "Marie has a kind of exemplary privacy about her and her", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00621-00287420-00288278": "memories and her sense of frustrated desire and longing.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00622-00288278-00288897": "There is more that's important about this first of The Waste", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00623-00288897-00289117": "Land's speakers.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00624-00289117-00289659": "Well, \"Bin gar keine Russin\" is translated for us down below as,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00625-00289659-00289951": "\"I'm not a Russian woman at all;", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00626-00289951-00290323": "I come from Lithuania, a true German.\"", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00627-00290323-00291120": "Whoever is saying that exactly, whether it's Marie or someone", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00628-00291120-00291892": "else, seems to be speaking of a kind of hybrid identity,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00629-00291892-00292425": "a kind of mongrel or deracinated identity.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00630-00292425-00293410": "The condition of locked-in sensibility and difficult", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00631-00293410-00294357": "private emotion is, from the very beginning of the", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00632-00294357-00294798": "poem, associated with metropolitan", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00633-00294798-00295287": "culture, a culture where there are many languages,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00634-00295287-00295584": "speakers from many places.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00635-00295584-00296116": "And, well, a culture where there are, as it were,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00636-00296116-00296614": "a kind of cacophony of languages untranslated,", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00637-00296614-00297057": "existing and competing side-by-side.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00638-00297057-00297631": "This is a kind of linguistic environment that The Waste", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00639-00297631-00298235": "Land is made out of and is also in many ways about and is", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00640-00298235-00298699": "the real medium of experience in the poem.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00641-00298699-00298936": "Well, let me stop here.", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00642-00298936-00299741": "And we'll go on trying to make sense of this great modern poem", "mFzJTwSdt-4-00643-00299741-00299900": "on Monday."}}, {"audio_id": "mFEp6Yh328Q", "text": {"mFEp6Yh328Q-00000-00000000-00026100": "🌟 🇺🇸 Suit 💎 Gzhel for the girl — Shop GrandStart.ru 🌟"}}, {"audio_id": "mFG2prVKhQo", "text": {"mFG2prVKhQo-00000-00001855-00002288": "You saw that definition right... Okay so let's get straight into this", "mFG2prVKhQo-00001-00002288-00002584": "tutorial. So i'm starting off with washed and", "mFG2prVKhQo-00002-00002584-00002951": "conditioned hair and i also did my rice water treatment", "mFG2prVKhQo-00003-00002951-00003360": "in my hair this time. I will be uploading my rice water video", "mFG2prVKhQo-00004-00003360-00003615": "soon, so make sure to subscribe to my channel", "mFG2prVKhQo-00005-00003615-00003992": "so you don't miss that video. So i start off by re-wetting my hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00006-00003992-00004392": "with my water spray bottle. I have water mixed with a little bit of", "mFG2prVKhQo-00007-00004392-00004703": "conditioner in that bottle, i'm just spraying that", "mFG2prVKhQo-00008-00004703-00004992": "directly onto my hair just to re-wet it a little bit", "mFG2prVKhQo-00009-00004992-00005503": "because it did dry out a bit in the towel while it was wrapped up on my head", "mFG2prVKhQo-00010-00005503-00005807": "and then i'm taking some of this oil mixture, it's my homemade", "mFG2prVKhQo-00011-00005807-00006176": "hair growth oil, i do have a video on that coming up soon", "mFG2prVKhQo-00012-00006176-00006554": "but if you don't have your own mixture of oils that you like to use in your hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00013-00006554-00006888": "just use any oil that works best in your hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00014-00006888-00007320": "such as olive oil coconut oil avocado oil", "mFG2prVKhQo-00015-00007320-00007656": "any of those will do, and then i'm taking", "mFG2prVKhQo-00016-00007656-00007992": "my new holy grail leave-in conditioner it's the", "mFG2prVKhQo-00017-00007992-00008304": "ors olive oil for naturals leave-in conditioning", "mFG2prVKhQo-00018-00008304-00008560": "creme it's infused with ghee butter and", "mFG2prVKhQo-00019-00008560-00008952": "coconut, it's an intensive leave-in conditioning treatment", "mFG2prVKhQo-00020-00008952-00009352": "and it's formulated to add hydration to dry and frizzy hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00021-00009352-00009736": "So if you're like myself who's prone to dry and frizzy hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00022-00009736-00010056": "this product will work well in your hair as well", "mFG2prVKhQo-00023-00010056-00010439": "for the record i do have medium to high prosperity hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00024-00010439-00010911": "so my hair does take in moisture well but it loses moisture", "mFG2prVKhQo-00025-00010911-00011343": "over time. I wouldn't say it loses it rapidly", "mFG2prVKhQo-00026-00011343-00011824": "but it does tend to look dry if i don't add extra moisture during the week", "mFG2prVKhQo-00027-00011824-00012160": "and then i'm taking the sunny isle Jamaican black castor oil", "mFG2prVKhQo-00028-00012160-00012575": "I do prefer to use castor oil when i'm doing my wash and gos", "mFG2prVKhQo-00029-00012575-00012984": "just because it's more of a heavier oil so that helps to add", "mFG2prVKhQo-00030-00012984-00013400": "definition into my hair i know some people don't like to use castor oil", "mFG2prVKhQo-00031-00013400-00013744": "because it leaves a residue but i don't get the residue", "mFG2prVKhQo-00032-00013744-00014112": "when i use it my wash and go's i think definitely if you do use castor", "mFG2prVKhQo-00033-00014112-00014536": "oil on dry hair you might get that residue and also if", "mFG2prVKhQo-00034-00014536-00014840": "you do have fine hair you won't need to use castor", "mFG2prVKhQo-00035-00014840-00015128": "oil because it'd be too heavy for your hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00036-00015128-00015519": "So again if you do have thick hair like mine as well", "mFG2prVKhQo-00037-00015519-00016040": "castor oil is your friend.. and then i'm taking another holy grail product", "mFG2prVKhQo-00038-00016040-00016608": "that i've been using since 2011, it's the eco styler gel i know there's", "mFG2prVKhQo-00039-00016608-00017176": "mixed reviews about eco styler but honestly this works so well for me", "mFG2prVKhQo-00040-00017176-00017576": "i haven't actually even tried to replace it with anything else or", "mFG2prVKhQo-00041-00017576-00017992": "tried any other product because it just does the job", "mFG2prVKhQo-00042-00017992-00018480": "it does exactly what i want it to do. I know some people don't like to use gels", "mFG2prVKhQo-00043-00018480-00018904": "in their hair so i will try out some other products to try and see if i can", "mFG2prVKhQo-00044-00018904-00019244": "get an as defined look without a gel", "mFG2prVKhQo-00045-00019244-00019684": "If any of my curly hair friends out there know of any products that will give me a gel like", "mFG2prVKhQo-00046-00019684-00019984": "hold, let me know in the comments below", "mFG2prVKhQo-00047-00019984-00020590": "and i'll give it a go if it's going to give me as good as a hold as the eco gel does", "mFG2prVKhQo-00048-00020590-00020936": "Right so all the products are in and now", "mFG2prVKhQo-00049-00020936-00021200": "i'm just really smoothing the product in and", "mFG2prVKhQo-00050-00021200-00021544": "raking it through my hair as well just to try and get all the products to", "mFG2prVKhQo-00051-00021544-00022008": "cover each and every strand, and yes, this is my number one frienemy", "mFG2prVKhQo-00052-00022008-00022440": "i love it so much but it literally adds another 20", "mFG2prVKhQo-00053-00022440-00022904": "minutes when i'm doing my hair it's.. so..", "mFG2prVKhQo-00054-00022904-00023512": "long but it works so well honestly, it's the shingling method we all love it", "mFG2prVKhQo-00055-00023512-00024008": "and we all hate it. So yeah i'm just taking each curl that's", "mFG2prVKhQo-00056-00024008-00024351": "clumped together and i'm just smoothing it down with my finger and", "mFG2prVKhQo-00057-00024351-00024704": "thumb, i'm not twirling it or anything like that i'm just literally just", "mFG2prVKhQo-00058-00024704-00025064": "smoothing it down from the top to the bottom", "mFG2prVKhQo-00059-00025064-00025408": "and that's all i do just basically separating the curls and just smoothing", "mFG2prVKhQo-00060-00025408-00025816": "while i'm doing it. If i had the time to do shingling i", "mFG2prVKhQo-00061-00025816-00026400": "would literally do it every single time, but", "mFG2prVKhQo-00062-00026400-00026983": "i mean ain't nobody got time for that you know what i mean, but yeah if you've", "mFG2prVKhQo-00063-00026983-00027319": "got the time just put on a movie or put on some", "mFG2prVKhQo-00064-00027319-00027647": "netflix and just go curl by curl and smooth them", "mFG2prVKhQo-00065-00027647-00027919": "out and i'm telling you you will definitely", "mFG2prVKhQo-00066-00027919-00028280": "see the difference in your wash and gos and not only does it make it", "mFG2prVKhQo-00067-00028280-00028983": "more defined this combo and this method, it elongates my curls because usually my", "mFG2prVKhQo-00068-00028983-00029383": "curls bunch up at the back because the curl pattern is a bit more", "mFG2prVKhQo-00069-00029383-00029760": "coilier but literally i didn't need to stretch", "mFG2prVKhQo-00070-00029760-00030112": "them at all or anything like that so i was really", "mFG2prVKhQo-00071-00030112-00030463": "happy about that because i didn't have to put any heat into my hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00072-00030463-00030872": "and i was just able to let my hair air dry. So that's one section", "mFG2prVKhQo-00073-00030872-00031200": "done and i'm just gonna backtrack on the method a little bit", "mFG2prVKhQo-00074-00031200-00031695": "just to elaborate a little bit on how i actually apply the products to my hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00075-00031695-00032095": "So with the water i want my hair to be wet but not", "mFG2prVKhQo-00076-00032095-00032639": "too wet and not too dry at the same time. This works best for me, whereas some", "mFG2prVKhQo-00077-00032639-00033032": "people who have low prosperity hair might want their hair to be a bit more", "mFG2prVKhQo-00078-00033032-00033440": "wet and if you don't understand anything about prosperity of the hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00079-00033440-00033736": "let me know in the comments below if you'd like me to explain that in another", "mFG2prVKhQo-00080-00033736-00033912": "video so you can figure out what your", "mFG2prVKhQo-00081-00033912-00034456": "prosperity is. So with the product application this is really important", "mFG2prVKhQo-00082-00034456-00034856": "because it can literally change your wash and go", "mFG2prVKhQo-00083-00034856-00035240": "So just really pay attention to how you're applying the products into your", "mFG2prVKhQo-00084-00035240-00035568": "hair as you can see i'm really working the", "mFG2prVKhQo-00085-00035568-00035880": "products in my hair i'm making sure to get the product from", "mFG2prVKhQo-00086-00035880-00036319": "my roots to my ends and i'm also parting into", "mFG2prVKhQo-00087-00036319-00036600": "my hair to get the products in the middle of", "mFG2prVKhQo-00088-00036600-00037112": "each section. So i add the leave-in conditioner and", "mFG2prVKhQo-00089-00037112-00037431": "the oils in the section as a whole and when i go", "mFG2prVKhQo-00090-00037431-00037808": "to put my gel in i do section it off into smaller sections", "mFG2prVKhQo-00091-00037808-00038119": "just so that i can catch the roots in that section as well", "mFG2prVKhQo-00092-00038119-00038680": "i try not to let any products touch my scalp because i don't like the thought of", "mFG2prVKhQo-00093-00038680-00039047": "build up developing on my scalp, so avoid your roots because your scalp", "mFG2prVKhQo-00094-00039047-00039584": "might start to itch like crazy. So i'm doing the prayer hands", "mFG2prVKhQo-00095-00039584-00039960": "smoothing movement i'm also raking through the curls as", "mFG2prVKhQo-00096-00039960-00040328": "well once they're all clumped together, i'm also interlocking my fingers", "mFG2prVKhQo-00097-00040328-00040784": "while i'm smoothing my hair. So i do like to get my hair really", "mFG2prVKhQo-00098-00040784-00041128": "clumped together but as you can see it's like literally", "mFG2prVKhQo-00099-00041128-00041488": "in one stiff clump and i just work really carefully to", "mFG2prVKhQo-00100-00041488-00041816": "separate the curls. The hair does get a little bit stiff", "mFG2prVKhQo-00101-00041816-00042144": "once the gel goes in so you just have to make sure to take", "mFG2prVKhQo-00102-00042144-00042528": "your time when you are trying to separate the curls because you", "mFG2prVKhQo-00103-00042528-00042991": "don't want to pull your hair out. So yeah just really smoothing that to", "mFG2prVKhQo-00104-00042991-00043480": "get into one big fat clump and then raking it through to develop", "mFG2prVKhQo-00105-00043480-00043888": "some sort of separation and then interlocking my fingers and", "mFG2prVKhQo-00106-00043888-00044200": "making it that way too and once i've done that that's when i go", "mFG2prVKhQo-00107-00044200-00044496": "ahead and do the shingling and as i said i just smooth", "mFG2prVKhQo-00108-00044496-00044831": "each clumped curl from the roots to the end", "mFG2prVKhQo-00109-00044831-00045231": "and that way i don't change my curl pattern because most of my curls are not", "mFG2prVKhQo-00110-00045232-00045540": "ringlets anyway so i don't really want to ringlet it", "mFG2prVKhQo-00111-00045540-00045968": "my curls are s curls so i just rather just smooth them", "mFG2prVKhQo-00112-00045968-00046208": "down just so that i keep my natural curl pattern", "mFG2prVKhQo-00113-00046208-00046536": "and that's how i was able to elongate my curls", "mFG2prVKhQo-00114-00046536-00047031": "instead of having them shrink up at the back. So once one side is done", "mFG2prVKhQo-00115-00047031-00047447": "i go ahead and scrunch that half just to bring that bounce back into my curls", "mFG2prVKhQo-00116-00047448-00047828": "instead of having them too stretched out", "mFG2prVKhQo-00117-00047828-00048208": "And then i just snapped my fingers because i like to use", "mFG2prVKhQo-00118-00048208-00048568": "magic sometimes because i refuse to sit down for so long", "mFG2prVKhQo-00119-00048568-00048919": "doing shingling, so i suggest give that a try", "mFG2prVKhQo-00120-00048919-00049384": "it just might work out. So once it's all done i like to take", "mFG2prVKhQo-00121-00049384-00049687": "some gel and go around the edges of my hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00122-00049687-00050103": "just because i do have a lot of flyaways there because", "mFG2prVKhQo-00123-00050103-00050544": "i had post natal hair loss so it came out all around my edges", "mFG2prVKhQo-00124-00050544-00050887": "so i have a lot of short hair around my hairline", "mFG2prVKhQo-00125-00050887-00051415": "and i also like to get the gel on the parting where i'm going to wear my hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00126-00051415-00051783": "i always wear a side parting so i like to add the gel there", "mFG2prVKhQo-00127-00051783-00052351": "just to tame the roots there even more and now i'm showing you how i wrap my", "mFG2prVKhQo-00128-00052351-00052936": "curls when i go to my bed at night, i usually use my satin scrunchies", "mFG2prVKhQo-00129-00052936-00053255": "and i put my hair up in a pineapple right at the top of my head", "mFG2prVKhQo-00130-00053255-00053688": "and then i take my satin scarf and i wrap the head scarf around my head", "mFG2prVKhQo-00131-00053688-00054048": "leaving the excess fabric to go over my curls", "mFG2prVKhQo-00132-00054048-00054495": "and what i do with my hair i just scrunch it upwards", "mFG2prVKhQo-00133-00054495-00054991": "and then i just take the excess fabric of the head scarf and just tuck it under", "mFG2prVKhQo-00134-00054991-00055312": "and then you go to bed and you wake up looking like a", "mFG2prVKhQo-00135-00055312-00055648": "snack and a half. Yeah so i'm just showing you", "mFG2prVKhQo-00136-00055648-00056016": "what the hair looks like after it's dried a little bit", "mFG2prVKhQo-00137-00056016-00056391": "I did go to bed and the products were wet in my hair but it wasn't my hair", "mFG2prVKhQo-00138-00056391-00056704": "wasn't soaking wet it wasn't even wet to", "mFG2prVKhQo-00139-00056704-00057151": "transfer onto my head scarf on my pillow so it was", "mFG2prVKhQo-00140-00057151-00057751": "pretty dryish and so the next day after i took my headscarf", "mFG2prVKhQo-00141-00057751-00058016": "off it was a little bit wet in places like", "mFG2prVKhQo-00142-00058016-00058479": "where the hairband was and within an hour or so the hair was", "mFG2prVKhQo-00143-00058479-00058960": "completely dry. But yeah this is the results of my best", "mFG2prVKhQo-00144-00058960-00059624": "wash and go combo to date. I know that obviously softness can't translate", "mFG2prVKhQo-00145-00059624-00060039": "through video but i guarantee you my hair was soft", "mFG2prVKhQo-00146-00060039-00060400": "it was bouncy, it had the hold as well on top of everything", "mFG2prVKhQo-00147-00060400-00060744": "else and it was light and as you can see it has", "mFG2prVKhQo-00148-00060744-00061351": "loads of movement you can see from the video", "mFG2prVKhQo-00149-00061383-00061872": "But yeah i was loving it i was loving it so much honestly", "mFG2prVKhQo-00150-00061872-00062360": "For those who don't know me i've been wearing my curly hair since 2011", "mFG2prVKhQo-00151-00062360-00062912": "so for me to discover an even better wash and go than i ever had before in", "mFG2prVKhQo-00152-00062912-00063448": "these past nine years, this is amazing and i had to share it", "mFG2prVKhQo-00153-00063448-00063864": "I had to share it with you guys. So if you did enjoy this video give it a", "mFG2prVKhQo-00154-00063864-00064167": "thumbs up and for the rest of the video i'm just", "mFG2prVKhQo-00155-00064167-00064448": "gonna show you how it lasted throughout the week", "mFG2prVKhQo-00156-00064448-00064816": "It's just little clips from my weekly hair routine video that i've got coming", "mFG2prVKhQo-00157-00064816-00065088": "up as well, so yeah just continue to watch if you're", "mFG2prVKhQo-00158-00065088-00065560": "intrigued to know how long this wash and go combo lasted me and i'm", "mFG2prVKhQo-00159-00065560-00065816": "just going to apologize in advance because", "mFG2prVKhQo-00160-00065816-00066527": "my bare face is in the clips a lot and aunt flo was disrespecting me", "mFG2prVKhQo-00161-00066527-00066872": "bad so i have a lot of pimples on my face", "mFG2prVKhQo-00162-00066872-00067264": "and then hay fever was being an a-hole as well because", "mFG2prVKhQo-00163-00067264-00067960": "somehow i managed to have matter in my eye, yeah that's not cute at all", "mFG2prVKhQo-00164-00067960-00068280": "If you see it just pretend you didn't okay", "mFG2prVKhQo-00165-00068280-00068712": "But yeah thanks for watching guys and i hope you enjoyed the video", "mFG2prVKhQo-00166-00068712-00069064": "Don't forget to give it a thumbs up and subscribe to my channel so you don't", "mFG2prVKhQo-00167-00069064-00069488": "miss out on any of the future videos that i reference in this video", "mFG2prVKhQo-00168-00069488-00069876": "and i'll see you guys in the next one, bye!", "mFG2prVKhQo-00169-00075576-00077802": "hey what's up", "mFG2prVKhQo-00170-00078512-00078720": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "mFMN7JgWBfQ", "text": {"mFMN7JgWBfQ-00000-00000018-00000624": "so we're eager to visit with you today want to help you to understand that the laws of", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00001-00000624-00001329": "physics that you understand like the law of gravity which is consistent you don't have to", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00002-00001329-00001947": "go to a school about gravity they don't say to you in your first days in school", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00003-00001947-00002907": "you know if you don't come to this class you could fall up many many children are missing", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00004-00002907-00004022": "because the law is consistent it works the same for everyone and you learn to utilize the law", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00005-00004022-00004617": "to your advantage and the law of attraction is such a law it is utterly consistent it", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00006-00004617-00005187": "never makes an exception and it never makes a mistake so you have to figure out how to work", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00007-00005187-00005787": "within the laws of the universe we cannot talk about the law of attraction without", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00008-00005787-00006480": "introducing to the subject the word momentum because law of attraction is the reason that", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00009-00006480-00007053": "momentum exists when you give your attention to something for as little as 17 seconds at", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00010-00007053-00007698": "that 17 second point there is a momentum that is discernible as another thought like it joins", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00011-00007698-00008397": "it and so forth so the more you focus the more momentum but the most important thing", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00012-00008397-00009120": "to understand about the way momentum works is that when you are sleeping you have a reprieve", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00013-00009120-00009879": "of the momentum in other words your beliefs are in suspension while you sleep which means the", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00014-00009879-00010590": "momentum of them the law of attraction momentum of them is slow to non-existent depending upon", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00015-00010590-00011124": "how well you are sleeping so what that means is when you awaken in the morning you have", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00016-00011124-00011739": "the opportunity to reestablish if you want to a vibrational starting point that law of", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00017-00011739-00012261": "attraction will begin to respond to right away now usually when you wake up in the morning you", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00018-00012261-00013008": "remember what you were thinking about yesterday or more important you read the emotional feeling", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00019-00013008-00013736": "play of what you were feeling yesterday it's like oh yeah I remember I'm not happy", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00020-00013736-00015047": "all right oh yeah I remember I'm lonely I'm lonely now or oh yeah I remember I'm confused", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00021-00015047-00015899": "but what we want you to realize is that you don't have to be the same lonely today that you were", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00022-00015899-00016472": "yesterday because that night sleep changed the momentum but when you wake up in the morning and", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00023-00016472-00017156": "you deliberately and you do Karlos thing people talk about those same things focus in the same", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00024-00017156-00017855": "ways you reactivate your vibration much as it was before but you do not have to do that and", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00025-00017855-00018470": "that is the most important thing we want you to realize that you are at a new starting point in", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00026-00018470-00019253": "every moment but it is unlikely for you to begin to think all new thoughts when you wake up some of", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00027-00019253-00020024": "you have suggested a lobotomy we don't recommend it because there are many things that you believe", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00028-00020024-00020537": "that are serving you really well you just want to become a better sister you want to become a better", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00029-00020537-00021278": "discerner you want to become better at caring about how you feel and then focusing in ways", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00030-00021278-00022178": "that accomplish that if we can in some way offer enough words words don't teach and analogies words", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00031-00022178-00023135": "don't teach and conversation words don't teach we've enjoyed this interaction in it that if we", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00032-00023135-00023786": "can offer enough that will to stimulate within you the awareness that your point of Attraction", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00033-00023786-00024347": "is everything because you are the center of your universe and that you're the perceiver of it which", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00034-00024347-00024995": "means you are the vibrational interpreter of it you translate your vibration into the reality", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00035-00024995-00025510": "that you are living in to what you are seeing and hearing and smelling the taste Netaji if we can", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00036-00025510-00026188": "convince you that since all those things are true that the only thing that matters to you is how you", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00037-00026188-00026989": "feel if we if you can leave this room with a new determination within you that you now more than", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00038-00026989-00027877": "ever before care about how you feel and mean to do something about soothing yourself Esther was on an", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00039-00027877-00028564": "airplane last week going from Boston back to San Antonio and there was a beautiful family sitting", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00040-00028564-00029214": "in front of her a mother and a child about six years old and two little twin boys who were about", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00041-00029214-00030004": "to maybe if even they were walking started kind of talking and they were all strapped into their", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00042-00030004-00030751": "four seats and Esther was sitting right behind the mother and when the airplane took off one of", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00043-00030751-00031624": "the little boys across the aisle from his mother was terrified it was probably his first flight and", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00044-00031624-00032458": "the roar of the engine the sound of the machine the feeling of it on the runway he was hysterical", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00045-00032458-00033229": "and he wasn't spoiled he was hysterical he was frightened it was a new experience and the power", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00046-00033229-00033874": "of the airplane scared him his mother and the flight attendants looking right at his mother like", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00047-00034063-00034732": "do not get out of your seat do not get out of your seat a Nestor is thinking", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00048-00034732-00035515": "if I were that mother I would be out of my seat now so the airplane got in the", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00049-00035515-00036547": "air and once it was stable wrong after Esther thought it was stable the flight", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00050-00036547-00037147": "attendant gave her the knowing nod like now now that your child is out of oxygen", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00051-00037563-00038364": "so now mother moved over into his seat and held him tight in her arms just tight in her", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00052-00038364-00039099": "arms kissing the back of his head and holding him tight in her arms and gradually he settled", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00053-00039099-00039804": "down back into his knowing that all as well and Esther watched that and she said to her", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00054-00039804-00040584": "friend sitting next to her I want to do that with everyone on the planet I want them to sit", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00055-00040584-00041286": "on my lap and I want to hold them in my arms and I want to say it's okay it's okay everything's", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00056-00041286-00041880": "okay everything's okay everything's okay she wants to do it to herself she wants to soothe", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00057-00041880-00042555": "herself into a point of Attraction that allows her what she wants and deserves she wants you to", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00058-00042555-00043164": "be soothed into a point of Attraction that allows you what you want and deserve because that is the", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00059-00043164-00044220": "only missing factor how you feel how you feel if you're terrified if you're angry if you're", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00060-00044220-00045099": "resentful if you're depressed if you're aggravated if you're overwhelmed those negative emotions are", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00061-00045099-00045717": "you beating up on you now you don't it doesn't feel like that to you it feels like somebody else", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00062-00045717-00046098": "is doing it Esther was pretty mad for a minute at the flight attendant it was just doing her", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00063-00046098-00046896": "job but it made Esther want with everything that she is to just make sure that she takes care of", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00064-00046896-00047400": "feeling good in other words someone asked us the best question that has ever been asked a", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00065-00047400-00048090": "few weeks ago and the question was Abraham how do you get rid of doubt and we said you get rid of it", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00066-00048090-00048750": "before it starts which was so annoying because when you're in the middle of it that question", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00067-00048750-00049284": "that answer doesn't apply how do I get rid of it before it starts when I've already got it", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00068-00049284-00049833": "and we say well eventually you're going to sleep and you're going to get up tomorrow and tomorrow", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00069-00049833-00050412": "you're going to soothe yourself better so that doubt never gets started doubt we'll never get", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00070-00050412-00050920": "a foothold if you're watching what you're doing so Amster began applying that to herself you woke up", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00071-00050920-00051445": "every morning with a determination that she was gonna find a good feelin place and that she was", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00072-00051445-00051855": "gonna maintain it as long as she could and she for the first the first day she didn't even get", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00073-00051855-00052467": "out of bed before it was too late the second day it was better the third day she didn't make it", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00074-00052467-00053095": "through breakfast in other words it took quite a while of ester caring more about how she felt", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00075-00053095-00053679": "than tending to emails caring more about how she felt then tending to what was going on with other", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00076-00053679-00054204": "people in other words you've got to put yourself first you've got to be so selfish you have to", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00077-00054204-00054790": "care about how you feel which means you have to tend to the self that you really are you've got", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00078-00054790-00055339": "to find a way of closing that gap between who you're being right now and who you really are", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00079-00055339-00056035": "and who you really are loves you so much adores you appreciates everything that you are flows", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00080-00056035-00056839": "constantly to you assisting you in every possible way last week Esther came bouncing up the steps", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00081-00056839-00057429": "and the step wasn't stable when she stepped on it it caved in and her foot went between", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00082-00057429-00058605": "the step and the stage scraped up her shin she stumbled onto the stage it was funny it was it", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00083-00058605-00059374": "was really funny and Esther thought for the life of me I do not know how I went down so Esther has", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00084-00059374-00059955": "a dear friend who sees energy she always comes to the seminars in the city where she lives and", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00085-00059955-00060403": "sits in the back of the room because she not only likes to see the energy around Abraham", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00086-00060403-00060802": "she liked to see the energy around Jerry when he was sitting at the table and the energy around", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00087-00060802-00061495": "you she could see she could actually see who was all lighted up she knows who Abraham is likely to", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00088-00061495-00062035": "call on because she can read this energy so after every workshop she watches all of the live streams", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00089-00062309-00062960": "she sent Esther an email and she says yeah Jerry walked on the stage with you that's decision I", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00090-00062960-00063890": "know I can feel him there and then she said he caught you last week and Esther thought that's", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00091-00063890-00064523": "why I didn't fall down didn't make sense to me I didn't have my balance I didn't have anything", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00092-00064523-00065051": "close to my balance but I didn't go down this is the thing that we want you to understand", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00093-00065051-00065924": "we've got you but if you're not knowing that if you're mad at yourself then you don't let", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00094-00065924-00066635": "us get you you prevent yourself from receiving the inspiration you know when you yawn that's", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00095-00066635-00068045": "because you need more oxygen and we yawn you all of you are receivers you see how often are", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00096-00068045-00068666": "you in traffic and you know to do something that prevents something that how many things do you", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00097-00068666-00069227": "prevent that you don't even know you prevent so many because you're receiving constant impulses", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00098-00069227-00069848": "you are so blessed you are so tended to we are so aware of you and you are so in your own way", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00099-00069848-00071084": "so much of the time as you're complaining about this and worrying about that watching CNN so we", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00100-00071084-00071846": "want you to know that you are the focal point of so much awareness and that when you ask for", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00101-00071846-00072641": "something we all know it and we see clearly the path for you to move from where you are to where", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00102-00072641-00073163": "you want to be and you know what you want it to be a direct path we don't we want you to have fun", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00103-00073163-00073535": "along the way to the path we want you to pick up more things along your physical trail along", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00104-00073535-00073952": "the path we want you to gain more clarity along the path we want you to continue to feel your", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00105-00073952-00074369": "vortex full of more things that you want along the path because you know why it's a very long", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00106-00074369-00075155": "path you know why it's a path of eternity so you keep being in such a hurry to get over there I", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00107-00075155-00075656": "really want to be over there I'm not happy over here then you're not ever gonna get over there", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00108-00075656-00076130": "can't get over there it can't get there from here if you're unhappy over here about what's", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00109-00076130-00076577": "over there that you don't have over here you can't get over there so what we want you to understand", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00110-00076577-00077069": "is if it's never about getting over there it's about preparing over here so that over there can", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00111-00077069-00077657": "come over here where you are you get that because this is about law of attraction this is about law", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00112-00077657-00078245": "of assertion it's not law of getting things done it's not the law of proof proving worthiness it's", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00113-00078245-00078761": "the law of attraction it's about you finding some way to think some sort of thought to get", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00114-00078761-00079478": "on to hold yourself on your own lap and soothe yourself I am a good person and I am doing well", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00115-00079478-00079946": "and all is really well and it's getting better and I am figuring this out and things are going", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00116-00079946-00080390": "my way and I'm getting clearer every day and I'm having fun in the process of doing this and", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00117-00080390-00080906": "I'm understanding the creative process and I know that this is a universe based upon attraction and", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00118-00080906-00081350": "I know about vibration and I know what I'm doing with vibration I'm getting better at it every day", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00119-00081350-00081986": "and there's evidence every day that lets me know that as you soothe yourself as you do something", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00120-00081986-00082667": "about tending to your point of attraction which is all that matters because everything else has", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00121-00082667-00083405": "already done you see it's like sometimes we'll just give you a sort of analogy you've asked for", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00122-00083405-00084338": "it and you're summoning it but you've got your shield up your cloaking device you've got your", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00123-00084338-00085100": "umbrella up old style you've got your umbrella up and everything that you want is flying to you but", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00124-00085100-00085994": "you're deflecting it with your habits of thought with your bogus ridiculous habits of thought like", "mFMN7JgWBfQ-00125-00085994-00086672": "unworthiness or unready Nisour not in the right place Ignis or or being mad at somebody else"}}, {"audio_id": "mFMUpepUsRY", "text": {"mFMUpepUsRY-00000-00000119-00000624": "slowing down traffic in solidarity with the Wet'suwet'en last weekend Mi’kmaw", "mFMUpepUsRY-00001-00000624-00000996": "grandmothers and their allies held a rally on Canso Causeway to support", "mFMUpepUsRY-00002-00000996-00001365": "ongoing blockades around the country protesters handed out flyers saying", "mFMUpepUsRY-00003-00001365-00001708": "their goal was to inform the public", "mFMUpepUsRY-00004-00001930-00002406": "starting off with a ceremony and moving on to drums and song the two-hour protest", "mFMUpepUsRY-00005-00002406-00002999": "had fewer than 100 people in attendance police presence never too far behind", "mFMUpepUsRY-00006-00003329-00003797": "most drivers rolled down their windows to receive the Flyers but not everyone was", "mFMUpepUsRY-00007-00003797-00004485": "sympathetic with their cause Mi’kmaw organizers say they have a duty to", "mFMUpepUsRY-00008-00004485-00004932": "support their fellow First Nations conducting the blockades if my relations", "mFMUpepUsRY-00009-00004932-00005630": "in Ontario and on in Quebec the Mohawk who we share wampum we share treaty with", "mFMUpepUsRY-00010-00005630-00006294": "we have a duty to support them and we have a duty to support all our relations", "mFMUpepUsRY-00011-00006294-00006684": "in BC while critics worry about the impact of the blockades on the economy", "mFMUpepUsRY-00012-00006684-00007047": "protesters say they're speaking out against long-standing issues that affect", "mFMUpepUsRY-00013-00007047-00007467": "many more people than critics realize this is about Indigenous sovereignty but", "mFMUpepUsRY-00014-00007467-00007839": "what's bound up in it is also issues of environmental justice", "mFMUpepUsRY-00015-00007839-00008295": "you know Earth justice climate justice and so I think that all of that also", "mFMUpepUsRY-00016-00008295-00008796": "comes into place when we think about the the future and future generations and", "mFMUpepUsRY-00017-00008796-00009384": "how people how we need to live together peaceably and in harmony with the earth", "mFMUpepUsRY-00018-00009384-00009927": "here in this land so personally I feel like you know everyone should be", "mFMUpepUsRY-00019-00009927-00010395": "trying to educate themselves more about these issues because I think that when", "mFMUpepUsRY-00020-00010395-00010793": "we truly understand what the what's at the heart of all of this then more", "mFMUpepUsRY-00021-00010793-00011117": "people would probably be out here today the rally wasn't only about what's", "mFMUpepUsRY-00022-00011117-00011460": "going on in other parts of Canada protesters talked about issues facing", "mFMUpepUsRY-00023-00011460-00011835": "Indigenous communities right here in the region how many centuries we've been", "mFMUpepUsRY-00024-00011835-00012332": "here in decades and Sydney how many Native people are working into the city", "mFMUpepUsRY-00025-00012332-00013128": "of Sydney three five if that however Membertou is the third largest", "mFMUpepUsRY-00026-00013128-00013495": "employer in the Cape Breton Regional Municipality", "mFMUpepUsRY-00027-00013495-00014279": "over I think half are over half of its workforce are non First Nation so when", "mFMUpepUsRY-00028-00014279-00014726": "you talk about sharing when you talk about our resources are your resources", "mFMUpepUsRY-00029-00014726-00015576": "you couldn't find a more better example right a given of sharing to this day but", "mFMUpepUsRY-00030-00015576-00016059": "a Native person can't buy a job in Sydney motivations behind the nationwide", "mFMUpepUsRY-00031-00016059-00016451": "protest seem to be multifaceted they raise other questions besides the", "mFMUpepUsRY-00032-00016451-00016893": "pipeline in BC Indigenous communities are talking about their place in", "mFMUpepUsRY-00033-00016893-00017298": "Canadian society national train track blockades have been going on for 22 days", "mFMUpepUsRY-00034-00017298-00017679": "now interrupting the transportation of propane and other goods although that", "mFMUpepUsRY-00035-00017679-00018003": "has caused problems for businesses in other parts of the country we spoke with", "mFMUpepUsRY-00036-00018003-00018354": "several businesses here in the Cheticamp area and all of them told us that they", "mFMUpepUsRY-00037-00018354-00018863": "haven't been affected by the blockades so far. In Cheticamp for CHNE I'm Paula", "mFMUpepUsRY-00038-00018863-00019132": "Dayan- Perez"}}, {"audio_id": "mGCp66jxZWk", "text": {"mGCp66jxZWk-00000-00000000-00000290": "(dramatic music)", "mGCp66jxZWk-00001-00000290-00000501": "- [Narrator] Beginning at noon today,", "mGCp66jxZWk-00002-00000501-00000877": "Big Al will have one day, eight hours, and 31 minutes", "mGCp66jxZWk-00003-00000877-00001048": "to complete the mission in honor", "mGCp66jxZWk-00004-00001048-00001411": "of UA's founding year, Bama Blitz.", "mGCp66jxZWk-00005-00001411-00001637": "The clock is ticking.", "mGCp66jxZWk-00006-00001637-00001963": "To be successful, he'll need to assemble a team of heroes", "mGCp66jxZWk-00007-00001963-00002351": "from the University of Alabama family across the globe.", "mGCp66jxZWk-00008-00002351-00002564": "But most importantly, he needs you", "mGCp66jxZWk-00009-00002564-00002747": "to use the power of giving.", "mGCp66jxZWk-00010-00003119-00003395": "He calls on all areas of campus to assemble", "mGCp66jxZWk-00011-00003395-00003654": "with a series of unique passion projects.", "mGCp66jxZWk-00012-00004011-00004236": "Join Big Al's team of superheroes", "mGCp66jxZWk-00013-00004236-00004594": "and learn more about the complete series of passion projects", "mGCp66jxZWk-00014-00004594-00004945": "by visiting bamablitz.ua.edu.", "mGCp66jxZWk-00015-00005069-00005301": "Unleash the power of giving today", "mGCp66jxZWk-00016-00005301-00005704": "and make a gift of any size to the UA cause, college,", "mGCp66jxZWk-00017-00005704-00006077": "or program that is most meaningful to the superhero in you."}}, {"audio_id": "mGL9X0hZ1U8", "text": {"mGL9X0hZ1U8-00000-00000008-00000463": "What'd you make of that tech sell-off yesterday some Facebook services are back this morning", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00001-00000463-00000992": "online following yesterday's major outage across several platforms the six-hour outage", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00002-00000992-00001552": "was the longest Facebook has seen since 2008 it obviously caused the stock to sell off it", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00003-00001552-00002048": "is bouncing back this morning but yesterday was down about 5% Ryan your thoughts on", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00004-00002048-00002576": "the impact well I think Facebook's one of those interesting stock that everyone hates", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00005-00002576-00002992": "but everybody owns so I think you know look it's been mirrored in controversy for", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00006-00002992-00003368": "a long time I don't think that's going away and that's one of the reasons why if you look", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00007-00003368-00003960": "at Facebook specifically Maria it trades at a cheaper multiple than the other big tech stocks", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00008-00003960-00004432": "so I don't think this is new news I don't think the fact that they're putting profits over public", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00009-00004432-00004912": "safety is anything that we weren't aware of before and I got to tell you even though we", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00010-00004912-00005424": "had that outage yesterday I have to feel like most people were having withdrawal and had to get right", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00011-00005424-00005880": "back on their Facebook and Instagram as soon as that outage was out so I think their two biggest", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00012-00005880-00006376": "constituents here are advertisers and the three billion people on their platform and that dynamics", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00013-00006376-00006928": "not going away anytime soon so you know they're still looking at 20% double double-digit profits", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00014-00006928-00007448": "or revenue over the course next couple of years so I think you probably buy the dip here but I do", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00015-00007448-00007928": "think in general I'd be very careful with tech look we see interest rates going up we talked", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00016-00007928-00008440": "about this week after week we've seen oil prices go higher you had a real estate specialist just on", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00017-00008440-00008960": "the show talking about how rents are starting to go up so inflationary pressure is going to", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00018-00008960-00009336": "continue that's going to put a lot of pressure on tech stocks in general and that's one of the", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00019-00009336-00009728": "reasons I've been emphasizing you know you want to own those cyclical stocks in your portfolio you", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00020-00009728-00010192": "want to own energy you won't own financials and I even take it a step further I own international", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00021-00010192-00010608": "stocks as well so you know it's a good time to re-diversify don't fall in love with tech here", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00022-00010800-00011432": "do you own Facebook right now? We own it in one of our indexes I don't own it outright but", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00023-00011432-00011952": "we do own growth in our portfolio so yes I am guilty I do have Facebook in my portfolio", "mGL9X0hZ1U8-00024-00011952-00012432": "I'm embarrassed to say it but again you got to go where.. well it's not guilty."}}, {"audio_id": "mHyQcV_X8Q0", "text": {"mHyQcV_X8Q0-00000-00000016-00000360": "after i had kind of decided i was going to stop running i was going to refocus", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00001-00000360-00000688": "my energies on going back to school and we can talk a little bit about that later", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00002-00000768-00001400": "i open my mailbox and i have a letter from the irs informing me that i owe about 8 000", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00003-00001456-00002144": "worth of taxes on all of the equipment that nike had sent to be on the ball", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00004-00002144-00002984": "podcast", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00005-00004064-00004576": "welcome to another episode of the beyond the ball podcast i'm your host jonathan jones and", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00006-00004576-00005072": "as always we we've managed to find these amazing individuals we managed to just get", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00007-00005072-00005528": "in contact with these amazing guests and we're going to get to our guests in just one moment", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00008-00005528-00006112": "but just want to do a quick recap just in case you are not familiar with the beyond the ball podcast", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00009-00006112-00006648": "the focus of this podcast and the focuses platform is to ultimately serve and support student", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00010-00006648-00007384": "athletes by way of sharing stories strategies and successes so for today i'm excited to have", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00011-00007384-00008016": "our guest miss brianna nelson she's a former uh track athlete former division one track athlete", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00012-00008080-00008752": "now she's a financial analyst as well as an entrepreneur but before i let her come to the", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00013-00008752-00009304": "stage i just have to read off just some of this resume because i saw it and i was like oh my gosh", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00014-00009384-00010136": "wow she is running circles literally around the game being seven time first team all-american", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00015-00010136-00011136": "being a five-time second team all-american in 2013 big 12 indoor champion 4 by 400 meter relay", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00016-00011192-00012448": "distance medley relay 2013 world university games competitor 400 meters 13 time all big 12. and i'm", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00017-00012448-00012824": "i'm i'm i'm just going to stop there i'm going to stop there but there's more people i just want to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00018-00012824-00013272": "let you all know there is so more so brianna how are you doing today welcome to beyond the ball", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00019-00013344-00013863": "yes i'm doing great thank you so much for having me i'm so excited to be here definitely definitely", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00020-00013863-00014456": "i mean i'm definitely excited to have a track star in the building uh track star now just turned", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00021-00014456-00014888": "financial star so is is there anything that that i missed or i didn't cover or", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00022-00014888-00015384": "let me put it like this if you wanted to give the people a brief snippet of who you are this", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00023-00015384-00015760": "is their first interaction with you i'll just kick it to you and let you just do that at this time", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00024-00015856-00016296": "yeah so i think that you did a great job in going over some of my track accolades", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00025-00016296-00016872": "i was a college student athlete at the university of texas i think that one accolade that you missed", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00026-00016872-00017368": "which i think is my which one i hold nearest to me is that i actually won a national championship", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00027-00017368-00018184": "in 2014 that 4x4 relay so i can say that i'm an ncaa national champion um i went on to run track", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00028-00018184-00018760": "professionally i signed a contract with nike and then transitioned into what i'm doing now which", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00029-00018848-00019344": "is working as a financial analyst um at capital one and so it's definitely been", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00030-00019344-00019824": "a journey i'm excited to share all about it but um yeah that's me in a nutshell", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00031-00019944-00020576": "man i'm amazing amazing i mean wow like well first and foremost i'm curious because you said", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00032-00020576-00021104": "you were signed by like what what does that feel what has that feel to be like signed by nike i", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00033-00021104-00021512": "mean that's that's a dream come true like how did just walk us through that a little bit i'm curious", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00034-00021592-00022112": "yeah so um i guess going back to my college experience i actually had a rough", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00035-00022112-00022664": "first three years at the university of texas and like being able to perform at the level that i did", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00036-00022664-00023128": "in high school i was a pretty good and like standout track athlete in high school", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00037-00023128-00023608": "but fortunately for me my senior year i had a breakout season and i ran really well which", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00038-00023608-00024128": "afforded me the opportunity to sign a contract with nike and i think that um", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00039-00024208-00024704": "it it felt great because nike is one of those brands that everybody knows the top sporting", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00040-00024704-00025256": "brand and so to sign with them um it came with a lot of perks and benefits but i will say that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00041-00025256-00025744": "it came with like a lot of lessons and there were some drawbacks about it that i didn't know going", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00042-00025744-00026480": "in as well so i learned a lot um and a lot of what i learned inspired me to get into the field that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00043-00026480-00027016": "i'm working in today within finance and and kind of starting my business on financial education so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00044-00027095-00027680": "in short to answer your question it felt amazing and it feels amazing today to be able to say", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00045-00027680-00028312": "that i signed with nike but i will say that it wasn't all peaches and cream because it", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00046-00028312-00028800": "there were there was a lot that came with it a lot of pressures that came along with it", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00047-00028800-00029344": "um but in hindsight i'm really grateful for that opportunity and it was a great opportunity", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00048-00029439-00029944": "yeah yeah well feel free to keep your long stories long because this episode is all about you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00049-00029944-00030304": "so feel free to take your time with your stories and you know just feel free to share as much", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00050-00030304-00030752": "as you want to share or you know pull back when you when you desire to pull back but if", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00051-00030752-00031104": "you're willing to share i'm curious because you said there were some like drawbacks and", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00052-00031104-00031632": "i mean like like for somebody who might see that and then aspire towards getting that or somebody", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00053-00031632-00032112": "who might see that and say that's what i want to do or this is where i want to be like do you mind", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00054-00032112-00032608": "just sharing some of those like just some some pitfalls or talk to us talk to us brianna sure", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00055-00032608-00033192": "sure absolutely so i'm happy to share and i i wish that i had someone share this with me prior to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00056-00033248-00033928": "um me signing um but there's a few things so i think that um and i assume that a lot of athletes", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00057-00033928-00034368": "are listening in but i think that one of the main things for me is that i started running track when", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00058-00034368-00035016": "i was nine years old right and track was just what i loved to do it was my passion um throughout high", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00059-00035016-00035600": "school um but once i got to college it became more of a business um and then signing with", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00060-00035600-00036192": "nike it was all about business and so it's now not at a point where i'm running for fun or but", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00061-00036192-00036792": "what i love to do but i was more so focused on things within my contract that said you know you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00062-00036792-00037256": "need to run this many races you need to because honestly if they're paying you they're going to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00063-00037256-00037800": "be asking things from you right and so there were things like the amount of races i needed to run", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00064-00037896-00038584": "the times that i needed to hit um and all sorts of like things that turned what i love to do", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00065-00038584-00039264": "into now just a business and work and so i think that that was one of the things that i didn't know", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00066-00039264-00039720": "going in but what i will say from a financial perspective the main thing", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00067-00039784-00040120": "that i wish i would have known and the story that i love to tell people", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00068-00040120-00040776": "um is that for one the deal that i signed with wasn't a huge deal i wasn't making a lot of money", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00069-00040776-00041360": "there's just not a lot of money in track and field so unless you're like usain bolt like you're not", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00070-00041360-00041952": "making millions off of track so although it was great um i wasn't making a lot of money but also", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00071-00042072-00042704": "um signing an endorsement deal with a shoe company means that um you are decked out", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00072-00042704-00043200": "in the gear of that company because essentially you're representing them you're you're a billboar", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00073-00043200-00043672": "a walking billboard for them if you will and so i think one of the happiest days was when i got", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00074-00043672-00044296": "my first nike shipment um and i just had i have a picture of it on my instagram but there were like", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00075-00044296-00044712": "boxes of shoes like any shoes that i wanted any nike shoes that i wanted", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00076-00044712-00045400": "so much clothes like anything that i could imagine um and so throughout the time that i was signing", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00077-00045400-00046016": "with nike i got several of these shipments and i was just like basking in it so fast forward to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00078-00046080-00046536": "a time after i had kind of decided i was going to stop running i was going", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00079-00046536-00046920": "to refocus my energies on going back to school and we can talk a little bit about that later", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00080-00047008-00047640": "i open my mailbox and i have a letter from the irs informing me that i owe about eight thousand", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00081-00047640-00048600": "dollars worth of taxes on all of the equipment that nike had sent me and so as an athlete", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00082-00048600-00049192": "you're responsible for paying those taxes no one told me that i did not know that and there were", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00083-00049192-00049720": "other things that i owed taxes on within my tax career but i just had not been educated on that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00084-00049720-00050328": "and so here i am at this point transitioning back into school i'm not really working because i was", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00085-00050328-00050776": "at school at this point and to open the mail and see like a big irs letter that's like you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00086-00050776-00051304": "owe eight thousand dollars eight thousand dollars that i did not have to pay at the time um that is", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00087-00051304-00052008": "probably the biggest story that i bring up as far as signing um a professional contract and so um", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00088-00052008-00052632": "when i look back at the amount of money i was making from nike versus what i've been owed on the", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00089-00052632-00053424": "free things that they give gave me it would have been in you know um my best interest to not have", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00090-00053424-00053944": "signed and to just kind of run as an independent athlete and not sponsor because i still had access", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00091-00053944-00054440": "to running in all of the same track meets um still you know traveling internationally to run", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00092-00054496-00055072": "but i was so caught up on the fact that like i'm signing with nike i made it and i had no", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00093-00055072-00055704": "idea that i ended up losing money in the long run because of all the small details that went into it", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00094-00055848-00056432": "wow i had no idea that that's a thing but that makes it it makes so much sense it really it", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00095-00056432-00057224": "really does wow yeah i had no idea either and so like i remember the day when i like", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00096-00057224-00057632": "walked to my mailbox and got that letter like you know there's certain events in your life", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00097-00057632-00058000": "where you just remember where you were at that time that's one of them for me i remember the day", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00098-00058000-00058567": "that i got that letter from the irs and it it took a few years to catch up to me right because nike", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00099-00058567-00059216": "reported all of the equipment that they gave me um but it takes the irs a little bit of time to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00100-00059216-00059767": "catch up with you and so at that point i'd maybe stopped running about a year or two and here i am", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00101-00059767-00060448": "getting this letter about something that happened three three years ago and it's just like oh um so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00102-00060448-00061079": "that inspired me to get in this finance space um to work within finance and more specifically to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00103-00061079-00061696": "kind of try to start a business around financial education yeah yeah and and i'm definitely", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00104-00061696-00062079": "looking to dive and dive in a little bit more into that and and find out a little bit more", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00105-00062079-00062455": "about about wood channel and you know how you're helping a lot of people because i've looked on", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00106-00062455-00062864": "your instagram and just see the content that you're sharing but i'm curious like how did you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00107-00062864-00063440": "even get into track was it like you know love at first sight loved that first track that first meet", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00108-00063440-00064160": "like i don't know like yeah that's another funny story so like i said i was nine when i started", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00109-00064160-00064664": "which is a lot younger than a lot of people but i was running on like the aau like summer track", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00110-00064664-00065255": "circuit um but the way that i started actually is like i was enrolled in dance class and when i", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00111-00065255-00065848": "tell you i was so bad like i was up on stage with two left you know like the little ballet classes", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00112-00065848-00066504": "and stuff like i was just horrible and so i think one day my dad was like enough of this like we're", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00113-00066504-00066944": "gonna we're gonna try something we're going to try something else because dance is not for you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00114-00067000-00067536": "um and you like to run around everywhere and so i actually think the way that it happened is my dad", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00115-00067536-00068432": "um my dad used to work at the ymca and a local track team asked to like set up a booth to like", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00116-00068432-00068968": "promote the team or try to get people to sign up and so when my dad saw that he was like well she", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00117-00068968-00069408": "loves running everywhere i'm gonna sign her up and from then on it was history like i", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00118-00069408-00069992": "think that i just had a natural ability to run fast and so even at nine years old i was like", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00119-00069992-00070552": "making it to aau nationals i think the very first year i even started running like i made it to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00120-00070552-00071152": "aau nationals and made it like to the finals in my event which was nine-year-olds but it was really", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00121-00071152-00071704": "competitive i was running against nine-year-olds from all over the u.s and so um that's how i", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00122-00071704-00072272": "started it was my sport since nine and i just you know continued to excel through high school and", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00123-00072272-00072840": "college and so it was kind of a natural start but it all started because i was just so bad at dance", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00124-00072840-00073712": "so they have aau for track i did not know that yeah so they have aeu like an olympic sports but", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00125-00073712-00074256": "then usa track and field also has like a summer track and essentially it's just like local club", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00126-00074256-00074752": "team so each city will have like a club team pretty much every city has one you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00127-00074752-00075112": "just have to know and have an interest in track to know that you can sign your", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00128-00075112-00075584": "kid up as early as like six years old to start running summer summer track is what we call it", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00129-00075696-00076288": "wow wow okay okay so we so we went backwards now i want to fast forward and then go go to where", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00130-00076288-00076784": "like you were just after you finished competing professionally how did you know it was time to how", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00131-00076784-00077336": "did you know it was time to hang them up yeah so i was dealing with an injury that just would not", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00132-00077336-00077952": "go away but that i could not i really identify and so every time that i ran i just had this", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00133-00077952-00078528": "pain in my low back i literally spent i don't even want to think about how much money i spent", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00134-00078528-00079040": "flying to different specialists because i found that i just wasn't able to run at the", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00135-00079040-00079832": "level that i once was and i was always in pain like in back pain and so after kind of spending", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00136-00079832-00080272": "way too much money trying to go to the best specialists and i think that it was really", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00137-00080272-00080752": "difficult for me because like i said i'd been doing this since i was nine this is what i loved", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00138-00080752-00081416": "um but i had to really come to terms with reality and and and tell myself or or", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00139-00081520-00082208": "talk to myself in that i knew that i had a skill set outside of track so yes i was really great", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00140-00082208-00082696": "at track but i had to really come to terms with the fact that like brianna track is what you do", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00141-00082696-00083456": "it's not who you are and so i knew that um i got my undergrad degree in economics um from the", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00142-00083456-00084048": "university of texas and that was very intentional because in the time that i was running i knew that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00143-00084048-00084608": "i wanted to make professional track my thing after college but i also knew that it was important to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00144-00084608-00085312": "get a degree that was a bit foundational so that i could like whenever the time did come and i'm", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00145-00085312-00085896": "so glad that like 18 year old me was at least present-minded enough to think like get a degree", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00146-00085896-00086368": "in something that you can do something with even though track is your number one priority right now", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00147-00086432-00086912": "um and so that's how it kind of came about i was hurt out and i actually ultimately went", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00148-00086912-00087496": "back to grad school to get a master's in finance um but had i not gotten that undergrad degree in", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00149-00087496-00088240": "economics i don't think i would have been prepared to make that transition as easily as i did wow so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00150-00088240-00088824": "for somebody out there who might be 18 might be 20 20 whatever age that they might be and if they're", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00151-00088824-00089216": "in the position like you were because right like like man you were talking about before you were", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00152-00089216-00089776": "just saying how with you and track track was that thing you were just lying it was just track it was", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00153-00089776-00090480": "just track what what what advice would you give to your 18 or your 20 year old self like now based", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00154-00090480-00091200": "on what you what you know now yeah i think that it's completely okay to chase after your dream of", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00155-00091312-00091864": "of sport or whatever sport you're in a hundred percent wholeheartedly but at the same time you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00156-00091864-00092520": "can still be preparing yourself for the what if right and from like what if you get hurt", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00157-00092520-00093072": "or what if it doesn't work out or what if you can't compete at this level or what if anything", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00158-00093072-00093776": "happens and so me setting myself up to you know study hard and get this degree in economics did", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00159-00093776-00094480": "not take away from you know me still pursuing my track dream but it was just also kind of setting", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00160-00094480-00095264": "me up for the what if and so like for someone who um is 18 or in college i just think there's really", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00161-00095264-00095896": "an importance to like not neglect the academic side or it doesn't even have to be academic so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00162-00095896-00096408": "let's say that you know you're an athlete you play basketball but you really have this artistic side", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00163-00096496-00097072": "continue to pour into your art continue to pour into your music continue to pour in to whatever", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00164-00097072-00097712": "else that may be um and not so much that it takes away from your sport but just so that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00165-00097712-00098504": "you have something set up for the what if um nice nice and i'm i'm not sure if if you might know or", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00166-00098504-00098968": "or not brianna but there's a guy named larry sanders i think his last name is sanders and he", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00167-00098968-00099472": "used to play for the milwaukee bucks and this guy was like he would put up stats like i'm talking", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00168-00099472-00099984": "about big big time numbers and then there came a point to where he just walked away from the nba", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00169-00099984-00100592": "and he he was just getting to his prime and dude just left and he was like i i i wanted to leave", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00170-00100592-00101048": "because of the fact that people knew i was in in the nba family knew i was in the nba so everybody", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00171-00101048-00101504": "was always hitting me up trying to get some money and this and that but then he said i always had a", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00172-00101504-00101968": "passion for music and then i think he went and started his own label now he has like artists", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00173-00101968-00102448": "and he's killing it on that side and i'm like oh wow exactly and like his what if was like what if", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00174-00102448-00102888": "you just don't want to play anymore or like what if you get tired of the sport like there can be", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00175-00102888-00103640": "anything and so i just think that i completely understand because i was that person like i was", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00176-00103640-00104288": "so consumed and tracked i wanted to be successful in it and i looking back i think i didn't give my", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00177-00104288-00104840": "self enough credit for the the heights that i was able to reach in the sport but when you are like", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00178-00104840-00105544": "so involved and so centered around that it's very hard to kind of take those blinders off and look", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00179-00105544-00106224": "at what's going on around you and so even if it doesn't at that moment feel like the best thing", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00180-00106224-00106735": "to do like i said to pour into something else or to to make sure that you're cultivating something", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00181-00106735-00107224": "else within yourself i promise it is the right thing to do and when you're able to look back on", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00182-00107224-00107880": "that time you'll be glad that you did yeah yeah for sure for sure so how was that transition for", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00183-00107880-00108352": "you because you said you you were dealing with that injury uh that that wouldn't go away and", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00184-00108352-00108808": "the injury that you know you struggled to really identify so with you running tracks since you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00185-00108808-00109248": "were nine and then now it's like it's time it's time now it's time to hang them up it's time to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00186-00109335-00109752": "just move on to something else like how how was that transition for you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00187-00109832-00110400": "yeah it was hard um so i probably should have hung the spikes up a long time before", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00188-00110400-00110944": "i did but i was so determined and i wasn't going to give up and i wasn't going to quit", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00189-00110944-00111520": "so um because i had a dream and i had a goal and so it was a very hard transition", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00190-00111520-00112048": "probably for about two to three track seasons i was dealing with the same injury the same pain", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00191-00112048-00112552": "and i was putting my body through a lot but i just wouldn't quit i would get out there on the track", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00192-00112552-00113135": "run so slow but i was not going to give up and i think that that was part of the transition and", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00193-00113135-00113568": "that like i wasn't willing to at that time come to terms with the fact that it's like it's time", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00194-00113568-00114311": "to let this go and so there was a period of time where i was going to grad school and continuing to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00195-00114311-00114816": "try to train at the same time because i was still holding on to that like little bitty hope that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00196-00114816-00115480": "like maybe one day i would just automatically feel better and it didn't happen um and so i think that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00197-00115480-00116040": "for me um although it was a difficult transition it was like a new lifestyle", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00198-00116040-00116872": "like i hadn't not run um or not trains like that since i was nine so it was like foreign to me", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00199-00116872-00117576": "but i think that i was able to find peace in the fact that i know that i try like i gave it my all", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00200-00117576-00118144": "like i was out there on the track when i shouldn't have been i was in pain i was probably doing", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00201-00118144-00118832": "everything that i shouldn't have been doing but i can i like i said i flew all over the country", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00202-00118832-00119296": "trying to see doctors and specialists that could help me figure out what was wrong and why i wasn't", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00203-00119296-00119904": "feeling like myself and so exhausting all of that i think i found comfort in my decision to finally", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00204-00119904-00120559": "hang up my spikes um because i know that i kind of left it all out there but it was definitely a hard", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00205-00120559-00121104": "transition for sure yeah i mean i think that's i think that's major because i think a lot of times", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00206-00121168-00121704": "it's even i don't want to say harder than what you went through but just for somebody who know", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00207-00121704-00122144": "that knew they didn't give give it their all right so then it's like no i just go because", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00208-00122208-00122688": "i still have something to give but then they still don't commit to it they're like halfway doing it", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00209-00122688-00123176": "so i mean so so what you saying you go you went all the way in and you know you really you really", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00210-00123176-00123568": "left it out there on the track i mean i i think that i think that puts you in a place where you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00211-00123568-00124120": "can have good closure at least just on on your career and yeah you know amongst all those those", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00212-00124120-00124752": "accolades that i read off it's like a recipe in a book but in a cookbook but uh yeah with all those", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00213-00124752-00125224": "accolades and and and what you what you continue to do so so now talk talk a little bit about like", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00214-00125224-00125800": "what what are you doing now and you know just just the work that you're doing today yeah so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00215-00125800-00126576": "as um a part of my day job i worked as an analyst for capital one um and so i'm essentially just a", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00216-00126576-00127072": "financial analyst there i've been there for two years i graduated grad school with my master's", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00217-00127072-00127792": "in 2018. so i'm at my two-year mark there um but also on the side i've started uh my own", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00218-00127792-00128528": "kind of just personal finance um education business if you will um and so it's still", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00219-00128528-00129000": "somewhat in the early stages but what i do a lot of is i make youtube videos on just kind of my", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00220-00129000-00129688": "i'm very transparent about my personal finances because i i think i started in kind of just um", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00221-00129783-00130456": "mentoring my friends and what i found was um i'm 28 now and so my a lot of my friends are around", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00222-00130456-00131136": "my age but what i found was that even at 28 so many of my friends don't know the basics about", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00223-00131136-00131600": "things that they should be doing to set themselves up financially and i'm not even talking about like", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00224-00131656-00132448": "super you know super complex stock trading um trading strategies or i'm talking a simple", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00225-00132448-00132952": "like open this savings account and like do these things and so i'm like there is a gap", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00226-00132952-00133472": "that needs to be filled here um but i can't say for myself this is knowledge that i personally", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00227-00133472-00133976": "went and suck out because i felt like i didn't know everything that i needed to know", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00228-00133976-00134584": "and a lot of that stemmed from what i alluded to earlier with um that tax situation that i got in", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00229-00134648-00135232": "um and so i was finding this disconnect and then i started to kind of share on my instagram", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00230-00135232-00135632": "and i would share different things that i thought were important for people to know", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00231-00135632-00136128": "as far as like their student loans knowing that their student loans are in forbearance right now", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00232-00136128-00136568": "and people would write me back and be like oh my gosh you just like gave me so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00233-00136568-00137016": "much information and i'm like i literally just said the most basic thing you didn't know that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00234-00137072-00137528": "and so i found that there was like this real disconnect and so i just kind of started to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00235-00137528-00138264": "grow it um i made a youtube channel where i share like i said my personal finance story um i share", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00236-00138264-00138664": "all of my numbers like i'm super transparent because i really feel like i'm helping people", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00237-00138720-00139176": "and that's also branched out into me kind of doing work with bankrate.com which is like a", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00238-00139176-00139696": "leading financial site so i've produced content for them um as well as the simple dollar and so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00239-00139696-00140264": "it kind of just continues to grow organically but my whole purpose behind it was kind of like", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00240-00140344-00140856": "giving the information to people that i really thought needed and it's been very well received", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00241-00140856-00141456": "so far so i'm just like okay there may be a space for me in this yeah yeah i mean i'll be the first", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00242-00141456-00141904": "to tell you that there definitely is a space um just in regards to financial literacy because", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00243-00141904-00142392": "just just me being on the side of like student athlete development and seeing just what people", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00244-00142392-00142848": "are talking about and what they feel that student athletes need to learn student athletes and", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00245-00142848-00143408": "students as a need to learn but they're not and financial literacy is in the top seven", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00246-00143408-00143800": "and i mean i've polled some people sometimes literacy is probably in the top three but people", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00247-00143800-00144296": "are saying that this is something that individuals need to learn and this is beyond essential and i", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00248-00144296-00144832": "mean i'm 32 now and i'm really just starting to get a grasp on it you know me and my wife", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00249-00144832-00145432": "we've been sitting down crunching out numbers doing a spending plan instead of a budget so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00250-00145552-00145992": "yeah i mean it's like it's it it's it's so essential so i mean i i really appreciate", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00251-00145992-00146416": "the work that you do and i think you're gonna you're gonna help like on your website it says", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00252-00146416-00146752": "you know create create freedom you're gonna help a lot of people just get in that space", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00253-00146752-00147312": "with financial freedom and then which we i think end up leading to mental freedom as well", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00254-00147432-00147840": "absolutely and i think that that's what it's all about like we're not taught these things for a", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00255-00147840-00148456": "reason and you know the different theories as to why we're not taught these things um but it's", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00256-00148456-00149000": "our responsibility to educate ourselves because they're not teaching us we're not taught in school", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00257-00149000-00149520": "um and so if i can be just like a sliver of help if not to give all of the information to at least", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00258-00149520-00149936": "you know a lot of my friends have at least started to think about what they need to", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00259-00149936-00150384": "be doing financially because of something i've posted on instagram or something that i've said", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00260-00150384-00150936": "and so if i can help in that way i'm happy to sure thing sure thing so what so what's the end", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00261-00150936-00151384": "game or what's the what's the goal for you with with your with your finance business right now", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00262-00151544-00152216": "you know what i think that i just i in in being an athlete and being a track athlete i've always like", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00263-00152216-00152752": "set these goals and it's been like i gotta go get it and set a goal and gotta go get it and so with", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00264-00152752-00153240": "this i think i started that way and i became very frustrated i'm like my business isn't growing fast", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00265-00153240-00153752": "enough i'm not getting enough youtube videos and when i really took a step back and like focused", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00266-00153752-00154360": "on helping as many people as i could um and kind of letting things happen organically i think that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00267-00154360-00155024": "you know my youtube channel i only had like 100 or so subscribers when bankrate found me um", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00268-00155088-00155648": "and asked me to produce content for them and so i have a few videos on their youtube channel and", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00269-00155648-00156208": "so i say that to say like i i kind of want to just let this be organic and see where it goes", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00270-00156208-00156800": "and let it be more fluid as opposed to being my typical athlete self and saying like all right", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00271-00156800-00157408": "this track season i have to run 51 seconds and if i don't it was a failure of a season um because", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00272-00157408-00157888": "that's just how i'm wired as an athlete and i think a lot of athletes can relate to that it's", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00273-00157888-00158448": "just like that is our nature and so i'm kind of trying to explore new ways of doing things but", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00274-00158448-00159016": "what i found and what i really like is that as soon as i let go of the rains like opportunities", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00275-00159016-00159608": "presented themselves even you know the opportunity to be on this podcast and so i think that um", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00276-00159608-00160032": "it's just an awesome opportunity and so i can't really say that i have a goal with it i definitely", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00277-00160032-00160424": "would love to grow but more than anything to just try to help as many people as i can", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00278-00160616-00161088": "dope dope yeah yeah i mean well you know if i could be a resource in any way please let", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00279-00161088-00161568": "me know because i i think it's amazing i think it's it's definitely necessary", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00280-00161568-00162024": "um so so thank you for for all that you do brianna and you know just the way that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00281-00162024-00162584": "you're helping people because financial literacy like i mean like i said before is", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00282-00162688-00163376": "just super empowering you know when you make that last payment and and you know that boom i don't", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00283-00163376-00163984": "owe anything else in this credit card anymore and i i did it twice this year so i'm like oh", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00284-00164168-00164624": "because that's huge like that's huge and so that yeah that's awesome but i absolutely", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00285-00164624-00165016": "understand exactly what you're talking about hopefully i can get there on my student level", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00286-00165016-00165400": "definitely i had to take student loans to go back to grad school so i'm hoping", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00287-00165400-00165968": "that i can get to that point it may not be soon but i'm working towards it yeah student loan i", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00288-00165968-00166296": "have a house note for student loans but we're not going to talk about me this is your episode", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00289-00166560-00167080": "oh man but yeah i mean but i i've definitely enjoyed our time today and i'm almost gonna", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00290-00167080-00167704": "let you go but before i do that i have to run you through the two-minute drill okay okay and the the", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00291-00167704-00168056": "the two-minute drill is just where i ask you a few rapid-fire questions a handful", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00292-00168056-00168528": "of rapid-fire questions and then this just allows the the ballers out there to see you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00293-00168528-00168920": "just from a slightly different light and you know just to get inside your head a little bit", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00294-00168920-00169624": "so are you ready i'm ready let's do it okay here we go favorite food", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00295-00169960-00170776": "salmon oh how you like it prepared um in the airfryer i don't know if that look i just got hit", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00296-00170776-00171440": "to the airfryer and it has changed my life so he's got one too i just got one too so i'm i'm right", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00297-00171440-00172064": "there i'm right there with you what's the last book you read oh um uncomfortable conversations", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00298-00172064-00172536": "with a black man by emmanuel acho i actually had the opportunity to interview him at work i'm not", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00299-00172536-00173056": "sure if you're familiar with emmanuel acho but if not check him out um uncomfortable conversations", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00300-00173056-00173608": "with a black man i i spearheaded a project sorry this is not rapid fire but i'm about go ahead no", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00301-00173608-00174056": "no no go ahead talk about it i brought him in to come into capital one um it was a lot of", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00302-00174056-00174544": "work on my part but we got to have a really cool conversation in front of like 2 000 plus capital", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00303-00174544-00175208": "one associates about just inclusion race issues and um it was literally something that i dreamed", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00304-00175208-00175680": "up back in june and brought it to light so i just read his book i actually have it right here so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00305-00175792-00176280": "super dope yeah i i actually saw i saw the clip on your instagram i saw the clip on instagram yeah so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00306-00176280-00177032": "that's super dope congrats on that congrats on that thank you uh oh okay that will dive back in", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00307-00177296-00178032": "no no no it's cool it's cool it's cool uh your favorite podcast ah the joe budden podcast", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00308-00178208-00178568": "i don't know if i should say that i love the joe budden podcast what what's wrong with", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00309-00178568-00179000": "that it's your favorite now it's a little it gets a little ratchet sometimes but um", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00310-00179000-00179616": "look i'm an avid listener so i love it i mean we all have our linkedin persona and we all have", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00311-00179616-00180136": "our twitter persona so that's completely fine that's a fact most underrated cereal", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00312-00180288-00180888": "cheerios honey nut cheerios good answer good answer and then last last question last question", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00313-00180888-00181288": "you can take your time on this what's one tip that you want to leave for a student athlete", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00314-00181528-00181656": "okay yeah let me take my time", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00315-00182064-00182696": "okay just like i said earlier you go go after your dream go after it 100", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00316-00182696-00183424": "full throttle but also have something on the side for your what if excellent excellent excellent", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00317-00183424-00183832": "and this is just a bonus question who would you like to see have on beyond the ball next", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00318-00184008-00184984": "um it might be a stretch i don't think it will be but emmanuel acho i think that his transition from", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00319-00185040-00185792": "a football player at texas to having a short career in the nfl and now being one of the top", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00320-00185792-00186232": "sports anchors out there i would love to see him i think it would be great", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00321-00186312-00186832": "and i think that once everything with the book dies down and he's not super busy because i know", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00322-00186832-00187296": "booking him was hard i think that he would be absolutely willing to do it um", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00323-00187296-00187896": "so i would love to hear him here okay okay i mean i'll reach out but if you got the plug hey", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00324-00188000-00188544": "i'm fine with that too oh man uh but but uh brianna go ahead and let everybody know where", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00325-00188544-00188896": "they can connect with you where they can follow you and also just find out about the great things", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00326-00188896-00189640": "that you're doing absolutely um i you can follow me on instagram um i am brianna nelson um and then", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00327-00189640-00190160": "youtube if you just search brianna nelson you can find me and my videos there um and i think that", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00328-00190160-00190632": "instagram is the best place to go i have a link in my bio where you can kind of get everywhere else", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00329-00190632-00191184": "like my website so i won't rattle out everything here but just i am brianna nelson on instagram", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00330-00191320-00191752": "certainly everybody be sure to follow her i saw she was she was doing something cool a few well", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00331-00191752-00192152": "i think it might have been on your website where you had like a freebie for people like to download", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00332-00192152-00192672": "yeah absolutely if you go there hit the link go to my website you can download a free budget template", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00333-00192672-00193104": "that i've built which is all pre-populated for you all you have to do is put in your numbers", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00334-00193104-00193600": "and i really encourage you to use it because it's extremely helpful definitely definitely so", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00335-00193600-00194024": "everybody make sure to take advantage of that and then after you do that be sure to send brianna a", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00336-00194024-00194576": "dm and say i downloaded the template now i'm going to use it and then also just shoot her a dm and", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00337-00194576-00195040": "encourage you let her know what you got from this episode and let her know that you took something", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00338-00195040-00195464": "away so uh brianna thank you for your time here today hanging out with the ballers and myself", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00339-00195568-00195920": "thank you so much for having me i appreciate it it's been great it's been a lot of fun", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00340-00196008-00196360": "excellent excellent glad to hear it everybody out there listening", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00341-00196360-00196784": "be sure to take your take time and uh subscribe to be on the ball wherever you", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00342-00196784-00197424": "listen to podcasts be sure to subscribe share it with one friend and until next time i'm", "mHyQcV_X8Q0-00343-00197424-00198984": "jonathan jones and this is beyond the ball where we help you succeed beyond your degree"}}, {"audio_id": "mHzAxytONRk", "text": {"mHzAxytONRk-00000-00000569-00000936": "As a national film school it's really important to us that we're giving as", "mHzAxytONRk-00001-00000936-00001215": "many students as possible the opportunity to take advantage of these", "mHzAxytONRk-00002-00001215-00001548": "fabulous facilities, the resourcing and the really high level teaching that our", "mHzAxytONRk-00003-00001548-00001786": "great faculty offers.", "mHzAxytONRk-00004-00002026-00002358": "At AFTRS we learn a variety of things, so we learned the", "mHzAxytONRk-00005-00002358-00002721": "creative aspects like in cinematography how to compose a shot how to light", "mHzAxytONRk-00006-00002721-00003105": "for a shot. Then we also learned some of the more business things like methods of", "mHzAxytONRk-00007-00003105-00003602": "marketing films and researching audiences and things like that.", "mHzAxytONRk-00008-00003602-00004052": "It's also a very creative place to be. Just even walking in the building I just feel this", "mHzAxytONRk-00009-00004052-00004390": "swirl of creative ideas just running about.", "mHzAxytONRk-00010-00004484-00004790": "The teaching staff here it's very hands-on", "mHzAxytONRk-00011-00004790-00005237": "we have great facilities, we've got really fantastic access to equipment,", "mHzAxytONRk-00012-00005237-00005814": "lighting, crew. There's always a theory component but it's then actually taking", "mHzAxytONRk-00013-00005814-00006124": "that theory and putting it into practice.", "mHzAxytONRk-00014-00006236-00006481": "I love to sort of discover with them", "mHzAxytONRk-00015-00006483-00006978": "what their gaps are in their knowledge and really hone that information and it", "mHzAxytONRk-00016-00006978-00007518": "means it becomes very rewarding for the students, they become very engaged.", "mHzAxytONRk-00017-00007664-00008192": "Show radio Nathan Lett's in with you today. It's a lot of practical involves like we are", "mHzAxytONRk-00018-00008192-00008583": "pretty much in studio every day doing stuff which is absolutely fantastic", "mHzAxytONRk-00019-00008583-00008942": "because that's in my opinion the best way you learn.", "mHzAxytONRk-00020-00008942-00009292": "You're on AFTRS FM hope you're having a good day.", "mHzAxytONRk-00021-00009674-00010188": "It's like a name that you can use to get on sets elsewhere maybe it's another", "mHzAxytONRk-00022-00010189-00010573": "student's production or even if you're looking to get commercial work maybe in", "mHzAxytONRk-00023-00010573-00011176": "corporate things or weddings or other things it all means something.", "mHzAxytONRk-00024-00011176-00011515": "We have been working in partnership with industry all the way along. We have had", "mHzAxytONRk-00025-00011515-00011899": "people from screen agencies, producers, financiers coming in regularly.", "mHzAxytONRk-00026-00011899-00012286": "Hopefully there's a joint sense of partnership in that we've worked", "mHzAxytONRk-00027-00012286-00012676": "together to produce these fantastic students and we can share the", "mHzAxytONRk-00028-00012676-00013058": "celebration of their successes."}}, {"audio_id": "mHEsxx0MUzI", "text": {"mHEsxx0MUzI-00000-00000000-00000272": "Hello! In this one minute screencast you will learn", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00001-00000272-00000544": "how you can download and install Arden2ByteCode", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00002-00000544-00000874": "and then use it to compile and run your first MLM.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00003-00000874-00001174": "First we download the compiler from the webpage.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00004-00001174-00001544": "I choose the ZIP-file because the demonstration is on Windows.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00005-00001572-00001826": "When the download finishes the archive is opened.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00006-00001848-00002064": "I choose to extract the files and thereby", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00007-00002064-00002438": "install Arden2ByteCode to the temp directory.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00008-00002539-00002944": "Be sure you remember the destination!", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00009-00002944-00003283": "Now I hit WIN+R and enter CMD + Enter", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00010-00003283-00003607": "to open the windows command line.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00011-00003607-00003884": "On the command line i change to remembered directory.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00012-00003884-00004015": "The directory includes", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00013-00004015-00004272": "the script arden2bytecode.cmd to start the compiler", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00014-00004273-00004412": "and an example directory.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00015-00004412-00004782": "In this directory we find the hello_world.mlm.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00016-00004782-00005142": "After peeking into the MLM-file we start Arden2ByteCode.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00017-00005142-00005380": "If it is started without parameters,", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00018-00005380-00005618": "a help screen presents the usable options.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00019-00005618-00005794": "We need -r to compile and run.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00020-00005794-00006122": "Arden2ByteCode compiles and runs the example.", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00021-00006122-00006368": "You can see its output \"Hello, World!\"", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00022-00006368-00006722": "You see: just one minute to start Arden-development!", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00023-00006722-00007002": "If you like an integrated development environment", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00024-00007003-00007186": "Check-out Arden4Eclipse!", "mHEsxx0MUzI-00025-00007186-00007815": "Arden4Eclipse, our free Arden syntax IDE."}}, {"audio_id": "mHIKBLjBMTo", "text": {"mHIKBLjBMTo-00000-00000891-00001304": "Caitlin: Hello and welcome to our conference session. This is War from Below. My name is Caitlin Smith, although some of you may know me online as My Dearest Angelica,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00001-00001366-00001525": "Caitlin: And I'll be chairing the session.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00002-00001558-00003245": "Caitlin: War from Below looks at how wars experienced and recorded by non combatants who may or may not have strong allegiances to a combat side and this panel specifically focuses on previously understudy to counsel for especially private writing by women.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00003-00003366-00005054": "Caitlin: It's my great pleasure, then, to introduce the first of our three speakers today. Dr. Patrick O'Brien is a limited term assistant professor of history at Kennesaw State University. He'll be presenting his paper Gilded Misery: Reconsidering Emotions and Community During the American Revolution.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00004-00005158-00005312": "Caitlin: Dr. O' Brien, you have the floor.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00005-00005587-00006425": "Patrick O'Brien: In January 17 at for a small group of mourners met in Halifax, Nova Scotia's old burial ground to pay their respects to Jeremiah Drummers Rogers.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00006-00006450-00007450": "Patrick O'Brien: The deceased, like majority of those assembled, was not originally from Nova Scotia. Instead, he was a refugee, who had fled Massachusetts during the earliest days of the revolution in 1775", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00007-00007512-00007845": "Patrick O'Brien: Although Rogers imagined his exhile in Halifax would be short lived", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00008-00007875-00008912": "Patrick O'Brien: In a year before his passing, he had watched the seemingly endless deluge of refugees pour into the city as the defeated British evacuated the last of their strongholds in the now independent United States.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00009-00008966-00009870": "Patrick O'Brien: Rogers never returned to his native home, like many other loyalists he fell victim to the diseases that spread through Halifax, it's thousands of refugees overcrowded, the city.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00010-00009954-00010991": "Patrick O'Brien: Among the mourners were two other New England refugees, the Reverend Mather Byles Jr, who served as the Anglican chaplain to the garrison and Halifax and assistant director of St. Paul's Anglican church", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00011-00011020-00011358": "Patrick O'Brien: and Mary Robie the 19 year old daughter of a prosperous hardware merchant.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00012-00011416-00012516": "Patrick O'Brien: Importantly, both Rogers and Robie described the funeral and their personal writings. In a letter back to relatives in Massachusetts Byles noted that he attended the funeral, among many other activities that week.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00013-00012545-00013216": "Patrick O'Brien: writing simply, \"I attended the funeral of a son of the Reverend Mr. Rogers of Littleton, who has left a widow and eight children.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00014-00013250-00013750": "Patrick O'Brien: In contrast, Robie's diary entry provides a more descriptive account of the affair and how she felt about it.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00015-00013787-00015204": "Patrick O'Brien: \"Mr. Rogers is dead,\" she began, \"such as a lot of all mankind. Be still, my heart and cease to flow my tears. Yet not the bare knowledge of his death could affect me like viewing the indescribable distress of his wife. How hard is her lot.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00016-00015258-00015762": "Patrick O'Brien: Her feelings did not dissipate upon returning home; instead, she continued to think about the grave scene.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00017-00015812-00016604": "Patrick O'Brien: \"I'm still reflecting on the dissolution of Mr. Rogers image before me.\" She wrote, \"I cannot attend to visitors or anything else. Everything seems trifling.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00018-00016683-00017520": "Patrick O'Brien: I opened with this vivid jusxtoposition between is seeming indifference and Robbie's apparent distress in order to emphasize the two driving arguments of my paper.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00019-00017566-00018579": "Patrick O'Brien: First, for the loyalist refugees in Nova Scotia suffering, like the kind Robie described and Byles skirted was ubiquitous and perhaps the defining aspect of revolutionary British loyalism.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00020-00018625-00019237": "Patrick O'Brien: In total, somewhere between 60,000 and 100,000 loyalists fled the American states during and after the Revolution", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00021-00019287-00020187": "Patrick O'Brien: And unless you live in the Canadian Maritimes where more than 30,000 of these loyalists landed or in Ontario, chances are, you know little about who these refugees were.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00022-00020250-00020937": "Patrick O'Brien: Over the past two decades interest in the subaltern has increased attention to the men and women who found themselves on the wrong side of Revolution.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00023-00020975-00021737": "Patrick O'Brien: The result has been a growing awareness of the social, economic, political and even racial diversity of the loyalist refugees.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00024-00021770-00022666": "Patrick O'Brien: More recently, historians and began to eschew the narrow political definitions of loyalism and instead dug deep into exposing the varieties degrees shades", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00025-00022708-00023420": "Patrick O'Brien: and even differences between British loyalists during the late 18th century, especially pertaining to loyalist women and loyalists of African descent.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00026-00023479-00024408": "Patrick O'Brien: But despite this scholarship little attention has been paid to the emotional frameworks that address British loyalism and here I would like to argue that shared grief was at the heart of the Loyalist experience.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00027-00024458-00024995": "Patrick O'Brien: This brings me to my second point, and one that I believe is critical to understand at a time of worldwide dramatic hardship:", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00028-00025045-00026237": "Patrick O'Brien: although periods of up people can exacerbate suffering and create intense feelings of isolation collective grief can also be a powerful unifying force and one that is most commonly curated by the dispossessed", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00029-00026295-00027475": "Patrick O'Brien: Behind the stark contrast between Byles seeming indifference to Rogers' death and Robie's intense feelings of loss is an inherently gendered understanding of the loyalist community of which all three were a part.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00030-00027537-00028062": "Patrick O'Brien: For a ranking member of British society Byles believed that the loyalist community should be inherently unwavering", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00031-00028104-00028554": "Patrick O'Brien: and although the loyalists had their gripes with the British government, steadfastness or the \"stiff upper lip\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00032-00028595-00028887": "Patrick O'Brien: was the defining characteristic what it meant to be British.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00033-00028912-00029995": "Patrick O'Brien: But as a young woman Robie had a more personal connection with the refugee community because she and other women of town frequently visited newly arrived strangers and served as important pillars of support for those without other connections.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00034-00030033-00030720": "Patrick O'Brien: Therefore, I also argue that wives and daughters were barred from the political \"discourse of grievance\" that define the loyalist public sphere,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00035-00030741-00031758": "Patrick O'Brien: but in places where suffering abounded women like Robie created the intense emotional framework of suffering and sympathy, which rebuild the social connections lost during the loyalist experience.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00036-00031816-00032616": "Patrick O'Brien: When we look at loyalists hardship it's important to both recognize the difference between physical and emotional suffering and understand the hardship was inescapable", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00037-00032658-00032958": "Patrick O'Brien: even for those skip spared the worst of the poverty.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00038-00033004-00033845": "Patrick O'Brien: Historians have long recognized the unpreparedness that created a humanitarian disaster as the influx of 10s of thousands of refugees shortly after the conclusion of the revolution", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00039-00033875-00035100": "Patrick O'Brien: inundated government officials across the Empire. In September 1784, one official in Halifax wrote to London explaining that he was forced house refugees in the military barracks to prevent them from quote \"perishing in the streets.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00040-00035133-00036012": "Patrick O'Brien: On the other side of the colony the Reverend Jacob Bailey wrote, \"Several hundred refugees are stored in our church and larger numbers are still on provided for.\" He continued,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00041-00036045-00037108": "Patrick O'Brien: \"Near 400 refugees of these miserable exiles have perished in a violent storm\" and he worried that \"disease, disappointment, poverty and chagrin would finish the", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00042-00037145-00037479": "Patrick O'Brien: another hundred before the return of spring.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00043-00037554-00038454": "Patrick O'Brien: But Bailey's comments on poverty and exposure also point to a less tangible, but at least in his opinion, equally deadly aspect of loyalists experience: emotional suffering.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00044-00038500-00038945": "Patrick O'Brien: Here again the betrayal of the loyalists felt at the hands of their own government as well documented.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00045-00038979-00039862": "patrickobrien: Jonathan Sewall, the last colonial general attorney of Massachusetts before the war explained that despite his allegiance. He could not find one former friend in Parliament", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00046-00039895-00040312": "Patrick O'Brien: who would now give him the lowly position of quote, \"dog-whipper\" anywhere in the Empire.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00047-00040350-00041362": "Patrick O'Brien: Before departing New York City for Nova Scotia, Sarah Winslow rebuked the Empire for abandoning her faithful subjects, leaving them to quote, \"mourn our days in wretchedness.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00048-00041400-00042083": "Patrick O'Brien: No doubt the loyalists were angry. They felt unduly persecuted by former friends, neighbors and relatives and betrayed by their own government", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00049-00042120-00042600": "Patrick O'Brien: But as the loyalists settled into their new homes they quickly had to cope, not only with anger, but with nostalgia.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00050-00042658-00043762": "Patrick O'Brien: The loyalists are often referred to as colonists (and they did in fact accelerate the process of settler colonialism that systematically dispossessed indigenous people at their land in places like Nova Scotia)", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00051-00043812-00044558": "Patrick O'Brien: but it's important to note that the loyalists were also exiles and carried emotional baggage of being forced from their homes and separated from their friends and family.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00052-00044595-00045254": "Patrick O'Brien: For those who landed in Nova Scotia, the landscaping climate appeared foreign and welcoming even detrimental to their personal character.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00053-00045291-00046158": "Patrick O'Brien: One refugee wrote back to the States explaining quote \"all our golden promises have vanished. We were taught to believe this place was not barren and foggy has been represented", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00054-00046183-00046737": "Patrick O'Brien: but we find it 10 times worse . . . it is the most inhospitable climate that ever a mortal set foot on.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00055-00046804-00047754": "Patrick O'Brien: Only a few months after writing and Halifax Mary Robie's mother wrote that she believed that quote, \"dark and rainy Halifax weather\" had caused her to lose her quote \"New England head.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00056-00047808-00048570": "Patrick O'Brien: This feeling of removal and dislocation is what made funerals loyalists attended so unnerving. Death in exile represented the ultimate defeat.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00057-00048612-00049491": "Patrick O'Brien: Burial and exile was an enduring anguish. Critically, then even though spared the worst the physical suffering could not escape inexorable emotional toll of exile.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00058-00049579-00050833": "Patrick O'Brien: Of the widespread suffering Roby noted in her diary, quote, \"I've been a great deal engaged in some painful and melancholy scenes which have almost effaced the more pleasing ones. If I look around me what thousands I may see more wretched than myself.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00059-00050879-00051337": "Patrick O'Brien: Even while attending a festive holiday ball the governor's mansion. She could not escape the despair.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00060-00051379-00052308": "patrickobrien: \"I never dare to draw back the curtain to look at what is behind all this apparent happiness,\" she explained \"lest I should find sometimes only gilded misery.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00061-00052375-00053420": "Patrick O'Brien: Importantly, however, the rampant and inescapable sadness of loyalist exile was not entirely defeating. To the contrary shared suffering, curated and maintained by wives and daughters proved of powerful unifying force.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00062-00053454-00053970": "Patrick O'Brien: While scholars have long explained that the loyalist settlements never lived up to becoming envy of the American states", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00063-00054000-00055020": "Patrick O'Brien: amid the hardship refugee women became important figures of community building. Focusing solely on the male dominated political arena historians have long depicted a tumultuously divided loyalist community.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00064-00055054-00055908": "Patrick O'Brien: However, examining how women use the \"gilded misery\" of exhile to form bonds among refugees from all regions of the American colonies, the community looks more coherent.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00065-00055941-00056745": "Patrick O'Brien: For example, in October 1783 Mary Robie noted in her diary, the busy day she, her sister and her mother had visiting newly arrived refugees.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00066-00056775-00057216": "Patrick O'Brien: \"There are people of character\" she recorded \"and mama visited them as they knew nobody here.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00067-00057270-00058325": "Patrick O'Brien: Having visited newly arrived families, the Robie women also learned about their needs. In one family, a young woman had died and her parents were worried she would be buried without mourners. The Robie sisters agreed to attend this", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00068-00058362-00059154": "Patrick O'Brien: stranger's funeral in order that she not be as Mary Robie noted in her diary buried quote, \"in a strange place unknown and unlamented\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00069-00059204-00060333": "Patrick O'Brien: Although Robie explained that she originally felt uncomfortable attending the strangers funeral she later noted that both she and her sister felt quote, \"obliged to be an all service of our power to those here.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00070-00060370-00060850": "Patrick O'Brien: This service was not only important and building community, but also providing mothers, wives and daughters, the vital roles practicing", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00071-00060879-00061437": "Patrick O'Brien: Of practicing public sensibility. As Nicole Eustace notes in her work on emotions in the late 18th century,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00072-00061470-00062100": "Patrick O'Brien: sensibility meant the readiness to feel compassion for suffering and to be moved by the pathetic which ironically emphasized the", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00073-00062100-00062687": "Patrick O'Brien: receptivity of emotions of others as a primary intent of cultivating the elevation of self.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00074-00062725-00063675": "Patrick O'Brien: Although women were entirely excluded from the loyalist public sphere they found important community roles amid the inescapable sadness of exile, that also helped demonstrate their individual character.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00075-00063708-00064654": "Patrick O'Brien: To conclude, I think that more fully understanding how the loyalists responded to the turmoil of revolution and the exile, has many lessons for modern people experiencing business unusual.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00076-00064675-00065395": "Patrick O'Brien: But for the sake of time, I believe it is critical to note that during moments of paradigm shift, collective emotions carry tremendous power", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00077-00065416-00065866": "Patrick O'Brien: and traditionally marginalized people stand in a unique position to the curators of these movements.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00078-00065900-00066545": "Patrick O'Brien: I don't want to paint an overly rosy picture. After all the astute listener will notice I didn't talk about the Black Loyalists and the community of suffering.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00079-00066575-00067004": "Patrick O'Brien: And this is because white loyalists of all ranks did their best differentiate between their own suffering", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00080-00067037-00067904": "Patrick O'Brien: as somehow more valid than that of their black counterparts. However, it seems to me that at this moment, one characterized by collective unease and very real grief,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00081-00067937-00068700": "Patrick O'Brien: this may be the perfect opportunity to unite a diverse group of people who share a little else than their collective unhappiness with the norm. Thank you.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00082-00068891-00069779": "Caitlin: Alright, well thank you so much Dr. O'Brien. Up next, we'll be hearing from Dr. Hediye Özkan who is assistant professor of English at Aksaray University.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00083-00069854-00070625": "Caitlin: She'll be presenting her paper, \"The Rupture Between the South and North: the Diary of Nancy Emerson and War Discourse.\" Dr. Özkan you have the floor.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00084-00070758-00071666": "Hediye Özkan: Nancy Emerson, a 56 year old middle class woman living in Augusta County, Virginia began writing a journal in May 1862", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00085-00071708-00072366": "Hediye Özkan: and continued until November 1864 to record the American Civil War from a southern woman's perspective.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00086-00072441-00073954": "Hediye Özkan: Participating in the debate and contributing to the perception of war in your journal, allowed Emerson to problematize the boundaries between the south, north, freedom, enslavement, public, private, subject, object, and masculine, feminine.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00087-00074020-00074987": "Hediye Özkan: Emerson conveys a dramatic socio-political rupture in American history by resisting rhetorically, physically, politically to the freedom of enslaved African Americans.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00088-00075020-00075554": "Hediye Özkan: and efforts of Northern abolitionstist who according to her go against God's will.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00089-00075625-00076458": "Hediye Özkan: And I argue that Emerson's personal narrative problematize the voice in place a women, along with the institution of slavery within more discourse.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00090-00076529-00077570": "Hediye Özkan: On one hand, Emerson demolishes and crosses the border set against women, yet on the other she supports the idea of preserving racial boundaries reinforcing through slavery.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00091-00077641-00079045": "Hediye Özkan: I will discuss how Emerson justifies the preservation of slavery drawing a parallel between religion and property of slavery, yet she challenges traditional gender norms of the 19th century society through the act of writing.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00092-00079204-00080037": "Hediye Özkan: The American Civil War was a turning point in history when slavery was considered as an integral part of socio-economyic life in the South.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00093-00080095-00080954": "Hediye Özkan: One of the causes of Civil War was that the North banned slavery while the South heavily relied on enslaved African American labor in cotton plantations.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00094-00081029-00081637": "Hediye Özkan: There were economic differences between these two states. The South depended on agriculture and farming while the North", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00095-00081704-00082470": "Hediye Özkan: Was industrial. So there is a conflict about states rights too, for the North federal government and throughout the nation the South", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00096-00082541-00083412": "Hediye Özkan: believe that the importance of state state rights. Another cause of the war was the elections of 1860 Abraham Lincoln won the elections in the north.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00097-00083441-00084791": "Hediye Özkan: As the 16th US president and 11 Southern states seceded from the Union as a result of Lincoln's win. They are referred as the Confederate states or Confederacy while loyal states are known as Union.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00098-00084875-00085358": "Hediye Özkan: So when the war transformed the social, cultural and economic world of the Southern women", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00099-00085420-00086466": "Hediye Özkan: they \"sought to invent a new foundation of self-definition and self-worth as the props of whiteness, wealth, gentility, and dependence threaten to disappear.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00100-00086529-00087512": "Hediye Özkan: Harsh conditions of the war and conflict pushed a woman towards a politicized arena where they desired to redefine themselves and their ideologies within the turmoil.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00101-00087583-00088375": "Hediye Özkan: Seeking a place in this national crisis, most Southern woman, including including Emerson, believed that they could contribute to the war effort by using words.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00102-00088408-00089479": "Hediye Özkan: So the verbal communication was to keep the spirit of the South alive. As an everyday context of women, personal narratives became a fertile space where they could grow and spread the", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00103-00089479-00090095": "Hediye Özkan: the Confederate ideologies since they had very limited opportunities to deliver speeches", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00104-00090125-00091425": "Hediye Özkan: in front of large audiences. I would explain what ideology means/ So ideology is a set of beliefs and philosophies, especially one on which political system or organization or a party is based", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00105-00091508-00092204": "Hediye Özkan: Confederate vice president Alexander H Stephens explains Conferderate ideology in his speech, known as the Cornerstone Speech given in 1861 in Savannah", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00106-00092204-00092529": "Hediye Özkan: Confederate vice president Alexander H Stephens explains Conferderate ideology in his speech, known as the Cornerstone Speech given in 1861 in Savannah", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00107-00092591-00093966": "Hediye Özkan: he argues that Confederate ideology depends upon the truth that the negro is not equal to the white man. That slavery, subordination to the superior superior race is natural and normal condition.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00108-00094050-00094891": "Hediye Özkan: Stephens' ideas are shared by Southern woman, including Emerson, who transformed the domestic space into publicizing their private life", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00109-00094929-00096004": "Hediye Özkan: in journals, memoirs, and diaries. Literary modes include intense emotional responses and reveal psychological state of individuals rather than the physical effort in the battlefield.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00110-00096062-00096908": "Hediye Özkan: So Confederate woman's feminine delivery choices are considered non-threatening and contrasted with the masculine", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00111-00096954-00098112": "Hediye Özkan: style, which is addressing the audience on the stage and public places. This feminine forum is a challenge against the old masculine form by establishing a new of discourse.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00112-00098158-00099633": "Hediye Özkan: One of the ways in which Southern women construct a collective political identity and share Conferederate responsibility is the prayers depicted in their journals that juxtapose Southern patriotism and religion as a common rhetorical set stance.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00113-00099733-00100995": "Hediye Özkan: So many secessionist women, including Emerson saw that their prayers as public rhetorical efforts to connect them with fellow Southerners and provided them and active role in the war effort.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00114-00101037-00102041": "Hediye Özkan: Emerson participated in a collective activity as a formation of self of female self consciousness to explore the meaning of womanhood and sisterhood.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00115-00102104-00103650": "Hediye Özkan: Prayer meetings open avenues for Emerson and supporters of Confederacy to identify themselves within a larger group of women under solidarity spectrum where they can exchange spiritual wires against the Yankees.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00116-00103766-00104412": "Hediye Özkan: Emerson articulates the idea that God is with Southern people to protect them from the invasion and cruelties of the North", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00117-00104454-00105370": "Hediye Özkan: In her prayers Emerson calls Northern people as \"ungodly nation\" since according to her they refused to practice the orders of God about slavery.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00118-00105429-00106708": "Hediye Özkan: So demonizing the North and hoping for its fall reflect Emerson's perception based on her biblical justification of slavery, which carriers her verbal resistance to a theological domain.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00119-00106733-00107925": "Hediye Özkan: As Harrison mentions, \"Southerners saw themselves as more religious than their opponents.\" Emerson had this assumption accusing the north and \"believed that God will not turn this back on a pious nation.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00120-00108145-00109075": "Hediye Özkan: Besides prayers a religious discourse is used by Emerson to cope with the painful and disturbing idea of death by rationalizing it in terms of Southern patriotism.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00121-00109116-00110283": "Hediye Özkan: Phillip Parudan mentiones that in the war religion served not only to justify the killing, but also to provide comfort that 620,000 deaths required.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00122-00110325-00111233": "Hediye Özkan: Emerson's calm acceptance of that blends the theme of personal and national salvation for Emerson serving the army serving the Lord", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00123-00111279-00112354": "Hediye Özkan: She emphasized the idea that the loss of loved ones like military defeat must be accepted as part of God's plan even celebrated as the advent of immortality.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00124-00112404-00114041": "Hediye Özkan: This belief draws our attention to the justification and consultation in religion Emerson rejects the defeat, suggesting that Confederate soldiers lose their lives will have every day be honored grace, meaning victory.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00125-00114041-00114795": "Hediye Özkan: Emerson includes news and stories and her narrative as a virtual resistance and form of interaction with larger community", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00126-00114833-00115416": "Hediye Özkan: blending cultural blending the cultural and political discourse circulated among the society with her personal narrative", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00127-00115437-00115987": "Hediye Özkan: she attributes for discourse and archival function in relation to the historical context.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00128-00116041-00117800": "Hediye Özkan: One of the newspapers she was in her narrative was Whig, which is Richmond daily with a local newspaper brought by soldiers and shared with community during meetings in the church. The news published in the Whig takes another shape in Emerson's journal, as I mentioned,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00129-00117862-00118600": "Hediye Özkan: So Emerson's unshakeable commitment to the Confederate causes is conveyed clearly in an entry where she quotes, the story about a", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00130-00118600-00119583": "Hediye Özkan: about \"an old negro, who was kept by federal officers on nothing but water for three days because he refused to work\" and said \"he was 'secesh.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00131-00119658-00120545": "Hediye Özkan: Quote, \"Noble fellow. It does one good to hear suchinstances\" Emerson affirms that even black slaves were loyal to the Conference cause.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00132-00120587-00121479": "Hediye Özkan: As a life narrator who chronicled wartime, illuminate a certain period of time and ensuring a community, Emerson create the history, in a sense.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00133-00121508-00122075": "Hediye Özkan: Justifying her own perceptions conveying cultural information and inventing desirable futures.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00134-00122120-00122904": "Hediye Özkan: She problematize her position as a southern woman by justifying one institution, slavery, while challenging another one patriarchy.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00135-00122970-00123845": "Hediye Özkan: As the only source of her consciousness we can see Emerson's journal is a reflection of this conflict which needs more scholarly attention in order to explain", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00136-00123879-00124612": "Hediye Özkan: the dynamic between confederacy, patriarchy, and being a single women white women in the South during the Civil War. Thank you.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00137-00124708-00125829": "Caitlin: Thank you so much Dr Özkan. Our next speaker is Edwin Tran. Edwin Tran is a political analyst for the International Review, Encyclopedia Geopolitica, and the Caspian Report.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00138-00125862-00126516": "Caitlin: He will be presenting his paper, \"Crossing Sect and Race: Civilian Ingenuity during the Lebanese Civil War.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00139-00126558-00126658": "Caitlin: Go ahead. Mr. Chan.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00140-00126754-00127591": "Edwin Tran: From 1975 to 1990 Lebanon was a battlefield of ideologies, sectarian identities, socioeconomic classes and geopolitical proxies.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00141-00127641-00128425": "Edwin Tran: Many discussions of the Civil War often emphasize these points, highlighting traumatic events like the emergence of Hezbollah and the assassination of Bachir Gemayel.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00142-00128500-00129837": "Edwin Tran: Such narrativies place an emphasis on the various malitias and international superpowers involved. And while these assessments are useful in the spirits of international relations and geopolitics, they've often sidelined the narratives those most affected by the ruins of conflict.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00143-00129837-00130583": "Edwin Tran: Civilians in this period are often described as lacking agency and at the mercy of the various militias. A narrative that as clearly false.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00144-00130625-00131195": "Edwin Tran: In fact, civilians during the Lebanese Civil War were far from being passive actors and instead demonstrated ingenuity and proactively", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00145-00131237-00131666": "Edwin Tran: engaging and everything from civil society projects to social services.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00146-00131758-00132812": "Edwin Tran: To better understand this development its first important to address the historical context of the war. Since the country's independence from France in 1943 the social, political system of Lebannon was defined by the National Pact.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00147-00132850-00133283": "Edwin Tran: This agreement, allotted a set number of parliamentary seats and political positions to sectarian identities.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00148-00133329-00133783": "Edwin Tran: For instance, Maronite would always control the presidency, while the Prime Minister would always be a Sunni Muslim", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00149-00133866-00134320": "Edwin Tran: Major political families emerged while many groups in Lebanon were marginalized by the state.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00150-00134370-00135058": "Edwin Tran: Shiite Muslims in South Lebanon, for instance, lacked political representation and were relegated to agricultural labor in the service of landlords", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00151-00135116-00135658": "Edwin Tran: Much of Lebanon saw a political economy defined by terrorism, clientelism and inequality.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00152-00135695-00136545": "Edwin Tran: And these devides were exacerbated by the influence of Palestinian refugees that entered into the country following the 1948 and 1967 Arab Israeli wars.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00153-00136591-00137250": "Edwin Tran: Despite some efforts that reform by leaders like Fuad Chehab these divides were a constant factors, up until the emergence of the Civil War.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00154-00137341-00137854": "Edwin Tran: Tensions between Palestinian and Maronite factions eventually boiled over on April 13 1975", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00155-00137908-00139104": "Edwin Tran: Battles erupted in Beirut. This was followed by conflict across the country with further battles in the Bekaa Valley, and the Chouf Mountains utterly devastating those regions displacing thousands of civilians.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00156-00139195-00140158": "Edwin Tran: However, within the shifting alliances and dramatic battles Lebanese Civil War were cases of broken homes destroyed infrastructure and dampening socioeconomic conditions that only worse and throughout the war.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00157-00140220-00140941": "Edwin Tran: According to a survey conducted by the International Red Cross over half the respondents claim that their homes were damaged and over a third reported being victims of looting.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00158-00141025-00141287": "Edwin Tran: Across Lebanon one could do little to escape the signs of war.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00159-00141379-00142029": "Edwin Tran: In Beirut civilians reported to the once beautiful city was now the \"noisy dirty miserable capital of distress.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00160-00142058-00142966": "Edwin Tran: Where instead of functioning infrastructure there were now, \"pitted streets and sidewalks, the damaged buildings, the posh apartment blocks turned into mass havens for thousands.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00161-00143062-00143912": "Edwin Tran: And in the wake of this anarchic state government policies and services were abandoned and instead various militias began to shoulder the weight of government functions.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00162-00143950-00144529": "Edwin Tran: Organizations like the PLO, Hezbollah, and Lebanese forces provided wages operative food banks and even collect the taxes.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00163-00144604-00145495": "Edwin Tran: Like the political families or the previous decade. And many of these militias, some of them were run by said families, engage in rentier policies that were coercive and exploitive", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00164-00145550-00146566": "Edwin Tran: These groups often destroyed infrastructure to make populations dependent on them and individual accounts from journalists highlight many cases of corruption and banditry from even senior officials in these organizations.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00165-00146629-00147645": "Edwin Tran: One reporter described the as-Saiqa faction leaders Zuhair Moshen as being \"an armchair revolutionary known in Beirut, as Mr Carpet because of all the Persian carpets, he and his men at stolen.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00166-00147758-00148304": "Edwin Tran: Despite these cases of exploitation abuse sources from this era were often dismissive about the citizen experience.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00167-00148341-00148841": "Edwin Tran: Refugees were often framed as passive actors pushed by the tides of conflict with little agency or will", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00168-00148891-00149766": "Edwin Tran: In many instances, foreign journalists describe such individuals as being at the whims of be exploitative malitias, thereby completely erasing the very real actions many undertook in that period.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00169-00149829-00150808": "Edwin Tran: For example, just after the 1982 Israeli intervention in South Lebanon, The New York Times described the civilians affected as, \"those who had the bad fortune live in the path of Israel's invasion.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00170-00150850-00151475": "Edwin Tran: Statements from political leaders in this period were no different. At the United Nations a diplomat described Lebanese civilians as \"helpless.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00171-00151541-00152691": "Edwin Tran: While the floor of the United Nations General Assembly plenary meeting Ambassador Boutros Khawand described the cases of civilian turmoil in South Lebanon condescendingly calling it, \"an unfortunate district so dear to the Lebanese.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00172-00152770-00154041": "Edwin Tran: Lebanese president at another UN meeting even blamed the civilian populace at large claiming the conflict emerge because \"perhaps Lebanon was too democratic too free and even lax.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00173-00154095-00154945": "Edwin Tran: Even within the academic sphere much attention has been placed on the militia economy, with little or few references the actions of civilians, independent of such organizations.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00174-00154983-00156008": "Edwin Tran: Thereby devaluing the struggles and experiences of them. Even further complicating this is the fact of the militia control over civilians was often porous, unless strictly defined .", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00175-00156141-00156145": "Edwin Tran: The actions of these individuals therefore stands in stark contrast to these interpretations.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00176-00156145-00156729": "Edwin Tran: The actions of these individuals therefore stands in stark contrast to these interpretations.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00177-00156779-00157591": "Edwin Tran: Rather than being passive actors many civilians engaged in their own work creating civil society projects and developing social services that were independent of these warring militias.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00178-00157658-00158262": "Edwin Tran: In the 1980s, hundreds of Lebanese civilians worked together to establish organizations like the Campaign for the kidnapped and disappeared.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00179-00158291-00158916": "Edwin Tran: which sought to create transparency as the whereabouts of those unjustly imprisoned.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00180-00158991-00159787": "Edwin Tran: Meanwhile, many civilians joined organizations like the International Red Cross, where they established field hospitals food banks and conducted community checkups.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00181-00159837-00160283": "Edwin Tran: Such actions became commonplace throughout the country as government services began to peter out", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00182-00160358-00160937": "Edwin Tran: Other key examples of civilian agency emerged from actions that went beyond the development of civil society organizations.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00183-00160979-00161737": "Edwin Tran: As threats of war and violence were constant figures, basic life necessities and actions became significant problems, often undressed by the militias.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00184-00161808-00162725": "Edwin Tran: Accordeding to the memoirs of a Jean Said Makdisi, she \"had to provide domestic supplies, deal with wrecked homes, create alternative shelters, cope with death.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00185-00162829-00163462": "Edwin Tran: One of the most regular events throughout the civil war were artillery strikes and bombings and each incident require immediate proactive action.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00186-00163525-00164575": "Edwin Tran: Makdisi described the actions that occurred shortly after a barrage struck her area, explaining that, \"the men go up one by one carrying fire extinguishers to check on the flats, each family praying that there's was not hit.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00187-00164629-00164929": "Edwin Tran: Next, they venture out to look at the neighborhood to check on friends and family.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00188-00164987-00165970": "Edwin Tran: In the Palestinian refugee camp of Shatila one memoir revealed with the constant barrage of artillery and sporadic writing meant that \"the men of the camp, many of them still workers carry out the reconstruction themselves.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00189-00166004-00166541": "Edwin Tran: In addition to repairing homes, the two schools, the mosque and the hospital, they constructed two ground bomb shelters.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00190-00166587-00167412": "Edwin Tran: Others engage in a wide variety of actions that support the communities during the war. May Arida, a principal organizer of the International Festival of Baalbek", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00191-00167437-00168112": "Edwin Tran: explained that during the war she organized various artistic committees and even developed in neighbourhood policing unit to protect the Temple of Jupiter and Baalbek.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00192-00168191-00169220": "Edwin Tran: The famous celebrity singer Fairuz participated in civilian anti war protest. Well, others wrote literature poems and short stories to illustrate their own struggles and small triumphs throughout the conflict.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00193-00169250-00170187": "Edwin Tran: A key example is like that and the experiences of a teacher like Raymood Abou, continued to provide education to students while also taking proactive steps to shield students from violence.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00194-00170237-00170770": "Edwin Tran: Abou recounted that she had \"kept students over for two nights because fighting between the Lebanese army and a militia\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00195-00170837-00171825": "Edwin Tran: Recognizing that students face traumas at home because of the war Abou and other teachers also attempted to adapt their curriculum, enabling students greater flexibility for the education, despite the circumstances.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00196-00171850-00172591": "Edwin Tran: When high school seniors were forced to take a state mandated exam Abou \"took all the seniors, along with the teachers to the mountains, where she had rented a building.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00197-00172620-00173125": "Edwin Tran: The actions of these civilians were attempts at providing normalcy and stability in an era that lacked any.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00198-00173183-00174070": "Edwin Tran: However, these actions will also necessary for survival. Civilians in the Lebanese Civil War were not passive actors that had to wait on militias or foreign governments.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00199-00174129-00174862": "Edwin Tran: Instead of the actions of individuals like May Arida and Jean Said Makdisi demonstrate a proactive resourcefulness needed throughout the 15 year conflict.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00200-00174933-00175404": "Edwin Tran: In fact, the independent nation which these civilians operated through war and crisis can still be felt today.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00201-00175454-00175929": "Edwin Tran: Lebanese history, following the Civil War continued to highlight the agency of individual actors.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00202-00175954-00176966": "Edwin Tran: From events like the You Stink movement of 2016 Lananese took the streets to deal with a garbage crisis, the October 2019 protests civilians have been anything but passive actors.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00203-00177050-00177579": "Edwin Tran: And in fact this sentiment is best described in an interview I conducted during the October 2019 protest.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00204-00177620-00178704": "Edwin Tran: While discussing the contemporary struggles and political lows, the Lebanese protests explained to me that \"In Lebanon on we find our own solutions. We are entrepreneurs and working things out.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00205-00178837-00179641": "Caitlin: Thank you so much, Mr Trans for that paper. We're going to transition to the roundtable section now. So the first question I have would be for all three of you.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00206-00179683-00180962": "Caitlin: I notice that we have three separate fields represented here. History, English, and Policy Analysis, political science. So in your field. What does war mean and why is it important to study war from below?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00207-00181050-00181866": "Patrick O'Brien: Well, I can give a perspective from the historical field. I think that one thing. All three of these papers brought forward, even if they're not", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00208-00181883-00182600": "Patrick O'Brien: necessarily given from the perspective of historian is that war does not is not solely confined to the battlefield.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00209-00182633-00183441": "Patrick O'Brien: and that war often stretches timelines as well. You know, we can talk about the time frames of war being between the first battle and the last", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00210-00183487-00184037": "Patrick O'Brien: But I think is all three papers talked about there is an expanded timeframe for war as well as", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00211-00184083-00185125": "Patrick O'Brien: a space for war, a geographic space for war and also a personal and political space for war as well. So I think from the historical standpoint one thing that's really important to understand", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00212-00185145-00186125": "Patrick O'Brien: When we're considering war from below is the way in which it illuminates areas that might be overlooked when we study battlefields, and when we study military tactics.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00213-00186158-00187129": "Patrick O'Brien: We all talked about individuals we all talked about civilians and the way that they experience war far beyond the battlefields where they were fought and I think one unifying trend.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00214-00187166-00188016": "Patrick O'Brien: that I got from all three papers was that a war leaves a lasting impression and one that's not always covered in the military textbooks.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00215-00188045-00188712": "Hediye Özkan: From an English perspective or a literature perspective, I could say that war", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00216-00188783-00189891": "Hediye Özkan: is a conflict which produces literary emotional response as blending facs and fiction and imaginative mode. So literature, when you're dealing with war emphasizes", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00217-00189950-00190929": "Hediye Özkan: experiential dimensions. So the reader looks at more than facts when she or he is reading literature dealing with war.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00218-00190995-00192287": "Hediye Özkan: So aesthetic forms such as historical novels, which were used a lot to describe the experience of war alters the raw material and highlights the psychological aspect of war that's why", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00219-00192350-00194120": "Hediye Özkan: war in literature is important, and we study war from cultural and literary criticism in literature, it's important to look at some of the common themes and the books, and it's also important that the literature offers", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00220-00194241-00195400": "Hediye Özkan: more complex discourses of reevaluating social and cultural conflict and why the why the why the war from below is important? It is because", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00221-00195487-00196362": "Hediye Özkan: we need to deconstruct the canon, such as Hemingway's Farewell to Arms or Stephen Crane's the Red Badge of Courage, they", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00222-00196416-00197891": "Hediye Özkan: usually male writers wrote about war. So by including the works of marginal or underrepresented voices in the study of war provides differentiated and unique insights to the concept of war.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00223-00197937-00198429": "Edwin Tran: Yeah, and I there's a point that today just made that I really like is the idea of like, you know,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00224-00198483-00199066": "Edwin Tran: Her areas like looking at war is from experiences, at least from what I understand, and international relations.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00225-00199095-00199833": "Edwin Tran: Especially in your undergraduate degrees wars, like the cool thing that everybody wants to study, but it's really something that's a little bit more difficult to define.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00226-00199879-00200645": "Edwin Tran: I think in a lot of ways, just like a casual definition would be something about them online like armed conflict between states or groups.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00227-00200687-00202095": "Edwin Tran: But at this level between states or groups, it's often hard to actually understand the motivations", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00228-00202208-00202212": "Edwin Tran: that go into war and just some of the reasons why actions of war happen.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00229-00202212-00202600": "Edwin Tran: That go into war and just some of the reasons why actions of war happen.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00230-00202691-00203512": "Edwin Tran: So when we take a look at the civilian experiences we do get a sense, you know, of why these communities may be engaging more and also just the multitude", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00231-00203541-00204091": "Edwin Tran: of ways in which people either support it or don't support it and it gives us this more nuanced,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00232-00204154-00204950": "Edwin Tran: and in international relations is like an idea of constructivism where it's not just states, there's other elements at play, and I think", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00233-00205008-00205958": "Edwin Tran: our discussion of war from underneath is important to go against that normal War history or international relations idea of war between big countries fighting each other.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00234-00206008-00206187": "Caitlin: Thank you so much as a follow up", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00235-00206262-00207012": "Caitlin: I noticed that there were there were several rationales given for why war from below, in terms of like deconstructing the Canon or or changing the picture", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00236-00207037-00207904": "Caitlin: away from thinking strictly about military tactics or battlefields or states and instead shifting the focus to individuals. I noticed that", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00237-00207983-00208741": "Caitlin: the kinds of writing that were used as evidence in all three of these papers are marked as private forms of writing.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00238-00208820-00210020": "Caitlin: Letters, correspondences, diaries, journals, autobiographical writings. Can you tell me a little bit about why these forms of writing are necessary to to kind of", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00239-00210104-00210945": "Caitlin: nuance or flush out or complete the picture of wartime experience? Why private writing when whereas often construed as a public activity?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00240-00210995-00212062": "Patrick O'Brien: So I guess just keep the order the same I can go first. Um, I think one thing that's important to note about war and on all of us alluded to it is that war blends the public and the private", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00241-00212112-00212754": "Patrick O'Brien: If we're talking from the historical perspective, a lot of scholars have deconstructed the idea of two separate political", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00242-00212825-00213741": "Patrick O'Brien: and private spheres that public and private weren't as disjointed as perhaps we once imagine them to be. And I think that this is especially true when we talk about war time.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00243-00213812-00215066": "Patrick O'Brien: During wartime people are reflecting not only upon the political events that are driving the war, but also the personal events of their own interaction with the war, even if they're not someone on the battlefield.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00244-00215108-00215904": "Patrick O'Brien: You know, probably affected by the war in one way, shape, or form. I focused on emotions and talked a lot about the way in which diaries", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00245-00215941-00216583": "Patrick O'Brien: Were used to record emotions when thinking about war. And one thing that's important as I talked about, especially about a young woman", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00246-00216620-00217487": "Patrick O'Brien: recording the ramifications of the American Revolution in the diary. I mentioned in my first answer that war should be expanded the timeframes when we consider it.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00247-00217508-00218504": "Patrick O'Brien: And we're talking about someone's writing after the American Revolution was over, but the ramifications of that war still ongoing and the emotional toll of that war when someone was forced to flee their home,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00248-00218525-00219358": "Patrick O'Brien: leave behind their friends and family and it affected them in every way, shape and form from attending funerals to religious services.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00249-00219387-00220637": "Patrick O'Brien: to her very friends and even some family members being on different sides of war. So you can see from the example of Mary Robie's diary, the ways in which that public event of war has a very personal private", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00250-00220691-00221941": "Patrick O'Brien: effect. And those effects are dialogue by the author in her diary in a way that was both public and private one thing that's important to note about diaries, we think of the diary today's meeting entirely personal event", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00251-00221991-00223412": "Patrick O'Brien: but in the late 18th century diaries often read aloud and meant to be read aloud. So there's a performative aspect in diary writing where Mary Robie was not only recording her ideas about the war on but also demonstrating her sensibility in her writing.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00252-00223466-00224045": "Hediye Özkan: Right to add what Patrick just said that the diaries or journals", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00253-00224104-00225208": "Hediye Özkan: visualize this war experiences and it also they also bring this feminine aspect of perspective to war, which is usually associated with this masculine concept.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00254-00225254-00226579": "Hediye Özkan: I also think that they expand the limits of heroic mode. Sometimes the demystified the war and the military and they support pacifism, and treat war as a phenomenon of destruction and death.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00255-00226658-00228475": "Hediye Özkan: So they did construct patriotism and military glory. So that's important. So it's very important to think about female wishes through diaries or journals and this private writing and how they contributed to this public voice.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00256-00228537-00229141": "Edwin Tran: Yeah, and on a similar line is like the idea like shared suffering, you know, is is like that private and public", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00257-00229141-00230600": "Edwin Tran: affair thing. It's like a confluence of it. I mean, in my, in my own research, like we focus a lot on civil society organizations like NGOs and other groups and this is like that confluence these private individuals whose lives are so drastically affected by war.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00258-00230629-00231733": "Edwin Tran: are undertaking these measures into the public sphere to their own hands and using these private sources, once again, is illuminating because we get the motivations for engaging in war publicly.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00259-00231779-00233054": "Edwin Tran: Because it's so hard to avoid the private life is, I mean, oftentimes interrupted by artillery barrages and so the actions you take immediately after are part of that public sphere and reconstructing your community, in a way.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00260-00233108-00233791": "Edwin Tran: So I think, yeah, there isn't a hard divide from what I can see the private thoughts are illuminating in the public action.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00261-00233970-00235012": "Caitlin: One thing going back to what Hediye just mentioned about the distinction between feminine and masculine. It's kind of builds on what we've been going with private writing and focus on the emotions and things that", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00262-00235125-00235462": "Caitlin: have historically been attributed to women's writing and", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00263-00235562-00236483": "Caitlin: women's sphere, even though the sphere is probably more ideological and than actual. I'm wondering if you could just give a brief", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00264-00236600-00238045": "Caitlin: a brief summary of what gender norms were for your periods, since we have three separate time periods and geographic locations and talk about how this this influenced the the writing choices that were available to the authors.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00265-00238083-00238841": "Patrick O'Brien: So jumping in from the earliest of the three papers here, in the late 18th century, you have, if you've ever kind of read the American", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00266-00238887-00239533": "Patrick O'Brien: literature on this is the emergence of Republican motherhood in the United States. The idea that", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00267-00239583-00240745": "Patrick O'Brien: the proper republican mother's space was in the home to build a haven for the family, that it should be separate from the kind of dirtier, more dangerous elements of popular politics.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00268-00240808-00241154": "Patrick O'Brien: One thing that's really interesting though, I think in studying Loyalist women.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00269-00241191-00242083": "Patrick O'Brien: is that these women were outside of what will become the United States still within the British Empire, and you actually see them operating a little differently.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00270-00242145-00242916": "Patrick O'Brien: For example, the Robie family's visits to different families blurs that line between public and private really", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00271-00242941-00243850": "Patrick O'Brien: visibly. Importantly ,another diarist on notes, and this a male diarist, in his diary that his sister, they're a little bit of a more elite rank,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00272-00243866-00244450": "Patrick O'Brien: his sister doesn't go to visit newly arrived strangers, because she's supposed to be there, like all the rest.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00273-00244470-00245404": "Patrick O'Brien: And while that's often been used to talk about class divisions within the loyalists society, I think it actually speaks more to just the prevalence of women in the streets visiting", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00274-00245462-00246154": "Patrick O'Brien: newly arrived families. This was something that was entirely visible for all members of loyalist society and probably", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00275-00246175-00246900": "Patrick O'Brien: the non loyalists society too, recognize that women had an important public role visiting families, which is of course a private act", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00276-00246916-00247654": "Patrick O'Brien: in and of itself. So I think Loyalist women, interestingly, are kind of outside of that sphere of Republican motherhood, because they're far more public", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00277-00247687-00248254": "Patrick O'Brien: But again, another kind of interesting fact about this family is they'll return to the United States. They'll repatriate", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00278-00248275-00248933": "Patrick O'Brien: in the late 1780s, and upon repatriation, they become far more domestic and are actually quite vocal about it.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00279-00248962-00249587": "Patrick O'Brien: and they described how they enjoy a more private life, raising families or taking long walks in their garden.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00280-00249625-00250104": "Patrick O'Brien: And so there's kind of an interesting discussion to have there about the ways in which", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00281-00250145-00251216": "Patrick O'Brien: This was again performance, you know, did these women really enjoy their new private lives or was that more acceptable in the United States where the Republican motherhood ideology was burgeoning and becoming more popular?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00282-00251275-00251400": "Caitlin: Just as a quick follow up,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00283-00251525-00252558": "Caitlin: Do you find that the kinds of expectations for a loyalist women are different from those who were living in Britain at the time?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00284-00252637-00253779": "Patrick O'Brien: This is really interesting. Mary Beth Norton has a really good line in her first book, focusing on loyalists in Britain, that the American loyalists only realized how American they were once they left", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00285-00253845-00254716": "Patrick O'Brien: And this is a really good example of kind of talk about Loyalist women. I think loyalist women had slightly different expectations in exile.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00286-00254762-00255679": "Patrick O'Brien: Most importantly, a lot of the loyalist women, especially the ones I study who have come mostly from New England, fled early on in the war. And were from pretty", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00287-00255737-00256587": "Patrick O'Brien: high ranking parts of society, and so historians have explained that they were perhaps trying to recreate the grandeur of their prerevolutionary lives.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00288-00256612-00257370": "Patrick O'Brien: But I think that's a bit too simplistic. I don't think what's going on as an imaginative aspect, I think it was trying to carve out a niche for themselves", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00289-00257383-00258420": "Patrick O'Brien: in the lands where they landed as exiles. They were different than the people who lived there before, right? They knew, as did others, that they were more American and perhaps dangerous for being tainted by republicanism", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00290-00258441-00259158": "Patrick O'Brien: and so by practicing these public roles they were trying to carve out their own society and their own place within that society.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00291-00259208-00259333": "Caitlin: Okay, thank you.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00292-00259487-00260845": "Hediye Özkan: So a little, a little later. At the end of the 19th century, we see this report movements among women, but still woman's place was defined within domestic sphere as wives mothers or sisters", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00293-00260916-00262304": "Hediye Özkan: so the economy opportunities or job opportunities for very limited to a couple jobs, such as teaching or domestic war in usually women of color work as domestic workers for free. We know that it's it was free labor.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00294-00262345-00263662": "Hediye Özkan: But the wars and disrupts the boundaries of gender expectations and it opened up new opportunities for women who wanted to go to battlefield as nurses or work in hospitals. It was depicted Louis Maty Alcott's hospital sketches", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00295-00263662-00264320": "Hediye Özkan: It was depicted Louis Maty Alcott's hospital sketches so we can see these nurses working for", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00296-00264483-00265387": "Hediye Özkan: for some of the hospitals during the Civil War, but this accepted belief of women's role shifted and they had to", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00297-00265441-00267245": "Hediye Özkan: defend themselves in their properties when the man left to the battlefield. So war temporarily gave them the authority to control the their bodies their decisions and their properties. So I would say that it opened new opportunities for women.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00298-00267362-00268479": "Caitlin: What about the kinds of writing that women undertook during the century? One thing that really impressed me about your paper was how you made the point that your, your", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00299-00268520-00270233": "Caitlin: Your diarist Nancy Emerson is kind of trying to symbolically, or perhaps for her, it's more than symbol symbolism, but she's trying to affect the outcome of the war through religious rituals. How did writing play into this?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00300-00270325-00271095": "Hediye Özkan: On thy usually use writing as a propaganda, you know, she knew that as Patrick mentioned that, too, they knew that their diary", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00301-00271175-00272870": "Hediye Özkan: will be read by people from North or the South. So it's private, so to speak, but it is also public so they have they have the audience in their minds they are working for that. But I don't think the publishing opportunities for women were", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00302-00273016-00274370": "Hediye Özkan: available at the time, or they need it an editor to do that. So yes, they were writing, but when it comes to publishing there were no opportunities for women as much as men. We knew that.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00303-00274445-00275566": "Caitlin: How common was it? Sorry to keep asking these follow up questions, but how common was it for for diarists to imagine a future audiences are current audiences reading their diaries?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00304-00275566-00275841": "Caitlin: Fairly common only a few only in the South?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00305-00275891-00277616": "Hediye Özkan: It's very common. I can give another example of Kay Drungle. She's an African American woman. She was an ex slave and she wrote her journal, died in 1898 the end of 19th century. So she also addresses certain audiences and says", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00306-00277666-00278941": "Hediye Özkan: I'm writing this to inform my Northen readers to tell them the story of a slave girl and how I made myself through education and more. So most of these women", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00307-00279079-00280241": "Hediye Özkan: most of these women, particularly the ones I studied or the ones that I've read, had an audience in their minds. They knew who are going to read their diaries. So that's why I think", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00308-00280304-00281395": "Hediye Özkan: we should also focus on what they didn't tell us, instead of what they told us in the diary. So I think it's important to look at their", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00309-00281479-00282595": "Hediye Özkan: literary production from a historical perspective or bringing their life stories or letters because I believe that there are a lot of things that they didn't tell us their diaries", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00310-00282704-00282941": "Hediye Özkan: because of that reason. Because of their audience.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00311-00282958-00283154": "Caitlin: Yeah. Wow. That's fascinating.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00312-00283208-00283225": "Yeah.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00313-00283254-00283687": "Edwin Tran: Just moving and shifting to the 20th century, and to a different continent", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00314-00283825-00284737": "Edwin Tran: the role of women in the Lebanese Civil War is interesting. There is a lot of facets to it and some of which I'm not comfortable kind of diving into like cultural nuances in those particulars.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00315-00284770-00285733": "Edwin Tran: aren't something that I would feel comfortable explaining, but you see a logistical kind of element emerged that I do find interesting the memoirs of genre, etc.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00316-00285733-00286762": "Edwin Tran: Like kind of mentioned on my paper has an interesting passage halfway through her memoir about how women are kind of the ones that typically go out to the stores, who are going out to get supplies and", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00317-00286795-00288087": "Edwin Tran: so often like cleaning rubble on the streets because men are usually either you know impressed into military service by the militias or targeted by snipers or just a deemed as more of a threat, so they're more likely to be you know unjustly in prison.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00318-00288145-00288150": "Edwin Tran: and so women end up taking quite a larger amount of space beyond just domestic housework, but in quite literally maintaining", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00319-00288183-00288908": "Edwin Tran: And so women end up taking quite a larger amount of space beyond just domestic housework, but in quite literally maintaining", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00320-00288983-00290166": "Edwin Tran: stability and society as they kind of like had it in that area. Just because men were much more vulnerable at these kind of fears, however, that isn't to say that's the case", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00321-00290229-00291700": "Edwin Tran: everywhere in the country. It becomes difficult because it all changes depending on class, maybe religious or a sectarian identity, socio economic class, which was a huge part in where women didn't play a space in the public sphere", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00322-00291837-00292020": "Edwin Tran: and just the nature conflict also", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00323-00292125-00292450": "Edwin Tran: complicates these things. I have really two really interesting examples.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00324-00292495-00293283": "Edwin Tran: One woman named Sana'a Mehaidli, is pretty well known for being one of the first female suicide bombers.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00325-00293379-00293804": "Edwin Tran: So she ends up being kind of like this transition to non state actors", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00326-00293841-00294633": "Edwin Tran: and female involvement. And another woman, who also plays a role in the military shere by being this kind of like assassin so,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00327-00294658-00295570": "Edwin Tran: you have women taking a wide range of roles in this in this war, just because I think yeah there is like a dynamic changing and how women have to interact in the Civil War.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00328-00295750-00296483": "Caitlin: So during the, during the Lebanese Civil War. You mentioned that there are high profile women who are acting as combatants. Were there any high profile men who maybe took a", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00329-00296529-00297579": "Caitlin: A non traditional or maybe not non traditional but a non-intuitive approach to building and sustaining these these other institutions that you really call attention to in your paper?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00330-00297675-00298187": "Edwin Tran: I just listened to, like, an interesting podcast. I can't remember the specific name.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00331-00298237-00299300": "Edwin Tran: But there was like a rocket science organization that was kind of being developed at one of the main universities and they were trying to steer clear of the war, honestly, as far as specific names go", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00332-00299400-00300333": "Edwin Tran: I don't have any specific names. I do know from some of the memoirs that I've been reading that you do have a lot of cases of men kind of working as like independent doctors.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00333-00300437-00300850": "Edwin Tran: Those who aren't necessarily trying to fight., they're just trying to be in their communities.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00334-00300970-00302612": "Edwin Tran: and helping things out. Like in the Palestinian refugee camp of Shatila there's this like big war and the ad is called toward the camps and I have a memoir of a French medic who goes in and worked with a lot of the independent doctors to just save as many refugees as they can basically", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00335-00302641-00303295": "Caitlin: Wow. Maybe at the end of the at the end of the round table we can all go around and share some", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00336-00303350-00304620": "Caitlin: recommended reading for those who are just entering the field. And if you really wanted to get oriented to some of these these questions and themes we're exploring the topic in the round table. But moving on, really quickly.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00337-00304637-00305641": "Caitlin: So building on the last question that I just asked I noticed that all three papers, try and focus specifically on individuals who have", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00338-00305762-00306691": "Caitlin: an interesting approach to allegiances or an interesting approach the side that we generally construe as the two sides that are fighting the war and that there's we're all", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00339-00306737-00307770": "Caitlin: It all seems like we're all trying to complicate straightforward accountable war as two states who enter into conflict with each other. And there are", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00340-00307837-00308700": "Caitlin: varying degrees of patriotism, or commitment among combatants, but these are the general actors in this scenario, and instead we're all looking at individuals have", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00341-00308758-00310108": "Caitlin: a complicated relationship to the side that they're affiliated with. I was wondering if you could talk about, highlight the individuals who you've mentioned in your papers, and talk about how they construed allegiance and loyalty.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00342-00310204-00311425": "Patrick O'Brien: Right, so Hediye, just a quick little note because it connects our two papers Mary Robie who I'll be talking about as an answer to this question is actually the great aunt of Louisa May Alcott her", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00343-00311487-00311895": "Patrick O'Brien: Her son, who is Alcott's uncle and also the executor of her will", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00344-00311929-00312500": "Patrick O'Brien: later in her life after she comes wealthy from writing Little Women. So there's some connection here about how women in the 19th century", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00345-00312525-00313350": "Patrick O'Brien: perhaps viewed some of the relatives. She probably also possessed this diary that I've been talking about at some point in her career or one of her family members did.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00346-00313412-00314275": "Patrick O'Brien: But to answer the question a little bit more specifically. So Mary Robie as this diarists and how we can understand how choosing sides matters.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00347-00314333-00314954": "Patrick O'Brien: In the late 18th century, women were not allowed to publicly declare their own allegiance their allegiances were wrapped up", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00348-00314995-00315670": "Patrick O'Brien: because of coverture laws with either their husbands or their fathers. Mary Robie is younger, she's a teenager,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00349-00315708-00316412": "Patrick O'Brien: She's going to not be able to declare her own allegiance and she never really makes any public statements in the writings I've read, whether they be her letters", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00350-00316429-00317254": "Patrick O'Brien: or her diaries, about which side she supported during the war. But she does have a really interesting comment on King George the Third's", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00351-00317287-00318362": "Patrick O'Brien: birthday in 1783 which, mind you, is only a couple of months after the Treaty of Paris is going to be signed, ending the War of the American Revolution in favor of the Americans.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00352-00318404-00319416": "Patrick O'Brien: When she wants to comment on King George the Third she talks about how the guns were fired in the streets, cannon were fired to celebrate, the bells were ringing. You know, there's a lot of noise", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00353-00319437-00320608": "Patrick O'Brien: going on in the streets and she should probably make a comment about the king, but she defers because, as she knows she's not worthy to. Now when Heiye talked a little bit about reading what they don't mention", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00354-00320645-00321920": "Patrick O'Brien: perhaps I'm reading too much into the lines here, but what that reads to me is not a statement of kind of humility towards the king, but a statement about \"I don't want to express my dissatisfaction with the way the king has operated", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00355-00321958-00322508": "Patrick O'Brien: the war, the way the Parliament is now handed over the victory to the Americans and the plight. It has caused", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00356-00322529-00323933": "Patrick O'Brien: me and my family.\" So I think women in the late 18th century, the individual I'm talking about never makes any clear reference about choosing sides, but she will go on to marry an American, move back to the United States, and raise a son who's a very", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00357-00323962-00325075": "Patrick O'Brien: prominent abolitionist and state senator from Massachusetts. So, you know, the sides and her allegiances are a little blurred but I think when we read in between we see where her real allegiances lie.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00358-00325262-00326137": "Hediye Özkan: So for my case Emerson, as I mentioned, she's an older woman. She's not a young woman. She's a single woman living with her brother who was a", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00359-00326316-00327166": "Hediye Özkan: a minister. So she's very open about expressing her support for the Confederatet cause, and she believes that it's a holy cause.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00360-00327262-00329108": "Hediye Özkan: And she's openly against abolition of slavery and there's a quote I wanted to mention about her in her journal. She says quote, \"I am 1000 times better satisfied of the property of slavery than I was before the war.\" And of course, so she's", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00361-00329370-00330287": "Hediye Özkan: I think it explains everything about her I her thoughts about racial segregation or division or the enslavement of African Americans.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00362-00330337-00331325": "Hediye Özkan: So it was it abolition was a big threat for her because they are scared, like many Southern woman, they're scared of losing the privileges, white privileges.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00363-00331416-00332887": "Hediye Özkan: That's why she's committed to attending prayers. She wanted to do everything she could do, because you can't go to battlefield, that's why she committed she attends prayers. She writes her journal as an anti propaganda she", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00364-00333154-00334270": "Hediye Özkan: She wrote her journal as an anti propaganda and then she also refuses the testimonies of Union soldiers because she brought other newspapers from the North.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00365-00334308-00335795": "Hediye Özkan: And she physically sends Union soldiers when they came to raid her house, by the way, that happens too she mentioned that. So she's not a passive observer. But what an active participant. She's very vocal physically rhetorically", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00366-00335929-00336150": "Hediye Özkan: and she writes them in in her journal.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00367-00336216-00337054": "Edwin Tran: I definitely think that's the same case for one of the memoirs I have. It's a lot more of these individuals were very public about their actions and also very public, or", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00368-00337170-00337337": "Edwin Tran: I guess more open in their thoughts.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00369-00337483-00338266": "Edwin Tran: So they are definitely more open about discussing things like loyalties. And I think a big fact that is that you get is kind of more of a disillusionment of loyalty,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00370-00338350-00339404": "Edwin Tran: particularly in the later periods of the war where people are just unsure about what they've been fighting for, what the cause of the war even was and even the motivations behind are.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00371-00339462-00340195": "Edwin Tran: In a few of my memoirs, you have women that are basically saying, \"I'm just here to survive at this point.\" Right? There's no", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00372-00340283-00340979": "Edwin Tran: underlying reason for me to be giving the support that these groups are asking me for and a lot of the cases, you actually have kind of like the", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00373-00341012-00342516": "Edwin Tran: ending credits basically say these individuals emigrate out of the country during the war that after their years of trying to grasp with these struggles with loyalty, they just leave. Again, with survival being the key motivation, actually.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00374-00342579-00342691": "Caitlin: Yeah, I can definitely.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00375-00342795-00343833": "Caitlin: So that seems to make a lot of sense to me that loyalty would decrease over the, over the period of the war. But I have a question for Hediya and then maybe Patrick could jump on this as well. This has to do with", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00376-00343937-00344612": "Caitlin: the intensity of loyalty over the course of the American Civil War and the role of emotion in creating kind of a shared", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00377-00344691-00345612": "Caitlin: shared community, since earlier Patrick had mentioned that shared suffering shared grief is a really powerful centralizing force to bring people together and as a", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00378-00345662-00346408": "Caitlin: as a scholar of 19th century literature I'm well aware of the huge outpouring of civil war memorial poems", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00379-00346458-00348183": "Caitlin: often by Southern women who were kind of grieving and mourning the loss of husbands and brothers, but also the loss of their, their imagined Confederate republic that had never come into being. I'm wondering, do you see in the case of Nancy Emerson that", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00380-00348291-00348708": "Caitlin: Do you see grief being foregrounded more and more as,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00381-00348812-00349833": "Caitlin: in her later entries, as opposed to her earlier entries and also what might you say about the role of shared suffering to draw boundaries, as well as to bring people together?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00382-00349895-00350904": "Caitlin: In particular, I'm thinking about the racial boundaries among African Americans who experienced the end of the Civil War is a very liberating and jubilating", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00383-00350975-00352029": "Caitlin: thing and not something to be grieved or mourned versus white Southern Americans who often centered grief and tragedy in in recounting their wartime experiences.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00384-00352070-00353962": "Hediye Özkan: So it is interesting that and Nacy Emerson, one of the reasons of her grief is facet of the soldiers, right? So she has some of the incidents in her journal and talking about how two of the soldiers died so she mentions their mothers and kind of constantly", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00385-00354079-00355887": "Hediye Özkan: comforting her telling her that the the sons, they didn't die they will have the divine grace in heaven. So she finds this religion as a as a healing method against the grief", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00386-00356025-00356387": "Hediye Özkan: and the loss. So she wasn't being really", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00387-00356516-00357283": "Hediye Özkan: upset about it even they died, they will resurrect as a victor of the war.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00388-00357325-00357595": "Hediye Özkan: So it's interesting. If she finds a way to", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00389-00357616-00358083": "Hediye Özkan: cope with with grief in this way. So she isn't she uses", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00390-00358083-00358150": "religion", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00391-00358266-00360058": "Hediye Özkan: in two different ways. One is to justify slavery that the southern cause is the right cause in the war and the second one is a religion gives her comfort and healing due to the death. So it's very interesting to see that", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00392-00360170-00361258": "Hediye Özkan: her grief is kind of repressed due to religion. And I think one of the function over journal is to", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00393-00361312-00363004": "Hediye Özkan: tell people who lost their husbands or wives or brothers or sons that they shouldn't be sorry because they didn't die for nothing. They will be rewarded in the hereafter. That's her message.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00394-00363004-00363800": "Patrick O'Brien: And I think to comment quickly on the other part that you're talking about a little bit about race and grief, people often forget that it's perfectly", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00395-00363854-00364666": "Patrick O'Brien: normal to envision the American Revolution as a civil war as well, especially when you're talking about different parts of the American Revolution in the South in particular.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00396-00364683-00365658": "Patrick O'Brien: On the fighting away from the coast was definitely a lot like a civil war where you had neighbor against neighboring town against town. The same with Massachusetts in 1775", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00397-00365695-00366141": "Patrick O'Brien: where you had loyalists being run from their homes, including the Robie and other families who I mentioned", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00398-00366183-00367233": "Patrick O'Brien: in this talk, but a little bit about the race and suffering elements of this is really important. One element that a lot of scholars have looked at with the American loyalists are the numbers of", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00399-00367291-00368162": "Patrick O'Brien: Black Loyalists who fled the American States after the revolution, largely because they had sided with Britain who promised freedom to those who left", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00400-00368200-00369554": "Patrick O'Brien: rebellious masters and fought on the side of the British after Lord Dunmore's proclamation. And so a lot of these Black Loyalists end up in Nova Scotia and their experience there is far from the one that they were promised. They're largely", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00401-00369695-00370000": "Patrick O'Brien: they're totally and completely removed from the white communities.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00402-00370033-00371129": "Patrick O'Brien: some of the largest like that at Birchtown was just outside of Shelburne Nova Scotia, one of the large settlements for the loyalists and the two communities had a lot of antagonism towards each other, especially the white community towards the black community.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00403-00371175-00371958": "Patrick O'Brien: The white loyalists believed that black loyalists were willing to work for less and therefore driving down wages and taking up resources, the already scarce resources.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00404-00371983-00372500": "Patrick O'Brien: meant for white loyalists. One reason this is important is because even though Mary Robie, who I've talked about", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00405-00372525-00373525": "Patrick O'Brien: builds this imagined community among fellow sufferers, even if she doesn't know them, even if they come from different classes, from different places. She doesn't imagine community with fellow sufferers, it doesn't extend", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00406-00373562-00374729": "Patrick O'Brien: to the African American community of Nova Scotia and she does have interaction with them. The family will actually come to employ black servants in their home. And as I can talk about it and the end when I recommend the book,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00407-00374758-00375354": "Patrick O'Brienn: that term probably means slave in Nova Scotia, enslaved persons in their home. She also comes across", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00408-00375387-00376533": "Patrick O'Brien: free Africans in living at a park in a hobble made up of sod and she actually envisions how happy they are with their little fire, even though everyone else that she encounters is cold and suffering and miserable.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00409-00376562-00377820": "Patrick O'Brien: These people are somehow different because they're suffering isn't the same as ours. So suffering can actually also be used to build community but differentiate as well. And in loyalist Nova Scotia there's definitely a differentiation between black and white suffering.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00410-00377858-00379083": "Caitlin: Interesting and Edwin, do you see that this is happening as well, in the aftermath of the Civil War? Suffering being leveraged to draw people together, but also create or reinforce differences?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00411-00379129-00379600": "Edwin Tran: Yeah, I mean, the sad reality is for as much as we want to push against kind of", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00412-00379716-00380275": "Edwin Tran: Like sectarian being the only factor. It isn't to say that politicians and other groups did use the sectarian", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00413-00380362-00381579": "Edwin Tran: narratives to, again like further differentiation between different groups. It's such a weird space and Lebanese Civil War because you do have cases like such as Sabra and Shatila where you know you've got the sectarian divided", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00414-00381612-00383058": "Edwin Tran: Maronite Christians and Palestinians who, you know, they engage in what effectively is a massacre of the camps for wide variety motivations, but differences being one of them. At the same time you do kind of have this case where", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00415-00383195-00384437": "Edwin Tran: that necessarily isn't the case. This Shia organization emerges in like the early 70s late 60s, but they were partnered with Greek orchid Orthodox Christians for a very long time.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00416-00384562-00385654": "Edwin Tran: And then just the nature of shifting alliances, and one faction well aligned with another until the next day. Then they align with someone that been fighting for last week, so", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00417-00385720-00386308": "Edwin Tran: on one hand, yes, the shared suffering creates these divides to incentivize people to join the militias in the fight each other.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00418-00386341-00387220": "Edwin Tran: at the same time, it also is like a unifying factor for a lot of these civilians who were again understanding what is the motivation for fighting. What are we fighting for,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00419-00387262-00388179": "Edwin Tran: We're just trying to survive. So there is like a weird complicated dualistic nature and that's just because this is a conflict with 30 plus militias and like 100 different ideologies at play.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00420-00388220-00388383": "Caitlin: Yeah I would imagine that", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00421-00388508-00390012": "Caitlin: it's difficult to talk about a civil war, like a Lebanese Civil War, where there's not a clear geographic distinction, like the American Civil War, and this might be why centering individual accounts makes a lot more sense than trying to go off of the new official", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00422-00390133-00390462": "Caitlin: account that's promoted by one organized", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00423-00390570-00391275": "Caitlin: conflict participant, because there's no there's no official states that aren't going to war against each other in a civil war. Yeah.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00424-00391279-00392495": "Edwin Tran: To build on that real quickly. There's like an interesting geographic divide that emerges in Beirut itself. You have a divide between West Beirut in East Beirut, where one side is considered like socially, economically more prosperous", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00425-00392637-00393245": "Edwin Tran: And it's run by like the Maronite faction so that you get kind of this like racial socioeconomic kind of", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00426-00393300-00394345": "Edwin Tran: anger that emerges, because one side is like seemingly more prosperous and more put together than the other side, which is an facing more war and more destruction. So yeah, once again", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00427-00394412-00395250": "Edwin Tran: those informal divides emerge, but it's it's very hard because of just there is no simple two states at war with each other.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00428-00395295-00395858": "Caitlin: For for the last question of the round table, as historians we're often warned against presentism, which is", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00429-00395941-00396658": "Caitlin: constructing a vision of the past through the political concerns of the present. However, the entire field of history", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00430-00396704-00398691": "Caitlin: presumes that we study history because we can know something about how to live our lives, based on knowing about past successes and failures. So from what you've studied for this panel, what's the big takeaway for 2020? What does, what does your research mean in in this year?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00431-00398758-00400033": "Patrick O'Brien: So I think the big takeaway from what my research presents is that shared suffering, collective grief is an important centralizing tool and is often curated by those who are", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00432-00400075-00400979": "Patrick O'Brien: experiencing the worst of the suffering. And so I think for 2020 it's important to recognize that although there's been tremendous hardship and the tremendous hardship is being", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00433-00401004-00401779": "Patrick O'Brien: kind of put on display through mass media, that the people who are experiencing this hardship or have been for generations, as is the case", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00434-00401833-00402816": "Patrick O'Brien: are important wielders and curators of this new community of grief and that it's a tremendous unifying force to rally and can bring about significant change.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00435-00402891-00403725": "Hediye Özkan: So for my research, I want to mention the ongoing debate about removing the Confederate monuments and memorials.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00436-00403783-00404775": "Hediye Özkan: because of the belief that they glorify white supremacy and we know that they were mostly built in the old in Jim Crow era between 1877 to 1964", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00437-00404841-00405670": "Hediye Özkan: to intimidate and isolate African Americans in the discomfort using the confederate image in American institution was also", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00438-00405741-00406950": "Hediye Özkan: banned in 2020 and I think it's not erasing the history. It's the reinterpretation of history. So Emerson's diary also give us this chance to face the history in and", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00439-00407012-00408575": "Hediye Özkan: kind of feeds us to ask the question, what are we glorifying about the past. So it's important, I think, to read the history critically to have a better understanding about the past. And I think to build an equal present and future for everybody.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00440-00408625-00409066": "Caitlin: Yeah, just if you don't mind me jumping in here really quick. I see your point about", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00441-00409258-00410133": "Caitlin: erasing the past by removing Confederate monuments really connecting to an earlier point you made about the fact that we need to think about what's not said in Emerson's journal", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00442-00410158-00411512": "Caitlin: because even as she's recording something that's supposed to be very immediate and private she's already thinking about how to reach her audiences with a very specific ideological message. So I definitely see the parallel there.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00443-00411654-00411866": "Caitlin: Right. I'm not over reading this.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00444-00412000-00413045": "Hediye Özkan: You know, because it's we construct narrative right we construct these narratives through monuments we construct literary narratives through awards. So I think", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00445-00413087-00413858": "Hediye Özkan: it's important to bring the both sides and it is also tell us that it's also related to, I wanted to mention that", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00446-00413908-00414729": "Hediye Özkan: changing the offensive college mascots need to respect Native American culture. It's not erasing history. It's", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00447-00414758-00415783": "Hediye Özkan: actually respecting it so i think it's it's a similar thing for us to maybe you read it critically and why they revealed and how can we", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00448-00415958-00416570": "Hediye Özkan: reconstruct or reveal the history by bringing both voices in a better way.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00449-00416675-00417337": "Caitlin: Because the historical fact that's preserved in this case the Confederate monuments is itself,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00450-00417504-00418816": "Caitlin: the historical fact is someone was reinterpreting history that had already happened from a very specific point of view. And so we're, we're trying to re contextualize what that meant is that about right?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00451-00418845-00419291": "Caitlin: Sorry, I just got excited and had to jump in there.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00452-00419316-00419462": "Caitlin: And Edwin, what does your research mean for 2020?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00453-00419462-00419608": "Caitlin: And Edwin, what does your research mean for 2020?", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00454-00419641-00421091": "Edwin Tran: For mine I'll kind of go on kind of two points. I'll start with the minute one before I go with a broader one. For my more specific one it's hard to kind of discuss this without bringing into attention, the recent buried explosion that happened a few weeks ago.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00455-00421125-00422183": "Edwin Tran: and my research is basically just kind of like a reminder of how this plays today when you have 2750 tons or whatever of ammonium nitrate explode", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00456-00422237-00423016": "Edwin Tran: The reaction is the understanding that it's government incompetence that was at play at letting the situation up in the first place.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00457-00423058-00423375": "Edwin Tran: What you end up seeing in the aftermath is even more telling is that", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00458-00423441-00424733": "Edwin Tran: instead of the government or the army or any kind of major emergency response services kind of help people, most of the people cleaning the rubble cleaning the streets and helping people get into the hospitals or individual actors and", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00459-00424816-00426187": "Edwin Tran: NGOs and it's just a constant reminder that, you know, in the wake of the Civil War, the history has kind of shown this trajectory that once again it's individuals and civilians shouldering the blame and taking their matters into their own hand.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00460-00426216-00427837": "Edwin Tran: At the same time, my research kind of wants to assess this from a broader perspective in that we're kind of seeing a changing dynamic and how maybe it's always been this way, but just been unspoken but this viewpoint of refugees in kind of more negative lights, at least across many governments.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00461-00427875-00428216": "Edwin Tran: And my research just wants to highlight that these are people with a ton of agency.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00462-00428241-00428937": "Edwin Tran: and a ton of ingenuity that are just trying to survive. And as we have this influx of individuals from Syria and Afghanistan and", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00463-00428987-00430129": "Edwin Tran: Sub Saharan Africa, it's, it's this trend of dehumanizing them when they are very much human actors, very much with human struggles. So that's just the two points I wanted to address with mine.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00464-00430245-00430483": "Caitlin: And just to nuance that second point.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00465-00430562-00430787": "Caitlin: Am I over reading this to hear you saying that", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00466-00430862-00432137": "Caitlin: just as your research is trying to restore sense of agency to these individuals experiencing a civil war, even when they're not combatants, you're also trying to emphasize the agency of refugees who are", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00467-00432220-00433712": "Caitlin: moving from really terrible situations, but you're trying not to frame them as passive victims, but as agents who are actively seeking out ways to improve lives for themselves and their families.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00468-00433725-00434504": "Edwin Tran: Precisely. That's, that's exactly what I'm kind of just trying to highlight is again that these are individuals taking real actions into their own hands.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00469-00434545-00436312": "Edwin Tran: And we shouldn't be judging individuals as just, you know, needing help from like some some savior or anything along those lines but recognizing that they're doing what they can to make the best out of a situation. And it's definitely something very important to respect.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00470-00436529-00437400": "Caitlin: Thank you all for sharing your training your wisdom, your knowledge with us for being generous with your time. I know that I've learned a lot about", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00471-00437462-00438587": "Caitlin: the concept of war in general, but you've also challenged my conceptions about war as a public activity and I'm really interested in this concept of shared suffering so,", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00472-00438679-00440312": "Caitlin: Dr. O'Brien, what would be a book that I could read if I wanted to know more about this. I'll open this up for closing remarks and if you have a couple of suggestions for reading, please go ahead and share your top recommendations.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00473-00440350-00440783": "Patrick O'Brien: Great. Thank you so much. It's been a pleasure to be a part of this. Thanks to everyone and ask", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00474-00440783-00441275": "Patrick O'Brien: r/AskHistorians and everyone for putting this together. It's really been a pleasure to be a part of such a public facing", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00475-00441341-00441766": "Patrick O'Brien: conference and opportunity I learned so much from all three of the papers and just from being a part of this.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00476-00441808-00442316": "Patrick O'Brien: Just some quick books if you're interested in reading you probably want to start with Maya Jasanoff's, \"Liberty's Exiles\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00477-00442358-00442883": "Patrick O'Brien: Maybe go back to Mary Beth Norton's the \"British Americans,\" Casey Tillman Stripped in script\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00478-00442916-00443870": "Patrick O'Brien: is great on Loyalist women, Rebecca Brandon's \"From Revolution to Reunion\" about the return and reunification of loyalists and Harvey Amani Whitfield \"North to Bondage\" to talk a bit", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00479-00443912-00445145": "Patrick O'Brien: about Black Loyalists. I want to say a special thanks to everyone at the Massachusetts Historical Society and Nova Scotia Historical Archives for helping me with all the work with this and it was a pleasure to be a part of it.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00480-00445250-00445650": "Hediye Özkan: So I want to thank everyone in the organizers and the", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00481-00445650-00446925": "Hediye Özkan: Ppanelists for this great discussion and there are a few readings. I could suggest one of them is Nancy Emerson's journal, of course, and another one if you wanted to read another journal from", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00482-00447020-00447025": "Hediye Özkan: An ex slaves perspective, Kate Drumgoold's, \"A Slave Girl's Story\" would be a great read. It's a little bit challenging because it's nonlinear", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00483-00447087-00447925": "Hediye Özkan: An ex slaves perspective. Keep drone gold a slave girl story would be a great read. It's a little bit challenging because it's nonlinear", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00484-00447983-00448895": "Hediye Özkan: and it could be hard to connect the dots in her journal, but it's also important to read the war from an", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00485-00448983-00450058": "Hediye Özkan: ex-slave, female, a domestic worker and as well as a teacher later in her life. And another reading I could suggest is", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00486-00450095-00450500": "Hediye Özkan: Drew Faust's \"Mothers of Invention: Women of the Slave Holding South in the American Civil War.\"", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00487-00450529-00451229": "Hediye Özkan: That's one of the books. And if you're interested in reading again journals or autobiographies I could suggest to", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00488-00451270-00453012": "Hediye Özkan: criticism about autobiography theories Philippe Lejeune, \"On Diary\" and another one is Sidonie Smith and Julia Watson's \"Reading Autobiography: A Guide for Interpreting Life Narratives.\" And I want to thank again for the organizers and panelists.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00489-00453075-00453795": "Edwin Tran: Yeah, I would also like to echo the same sentiments as everybody. Thank you so much to r/AskHistorians for organizing this amazing panel. I definitely learned a lot.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00490-00453891-00455641": "Edwin Tran: Despite being an American, my American history is not best so this was a very illuminating subject. So thank you everybody. As far as books. I would recommend, I have three primary sources that I would start off with the first is \"Surviving the Siege of Beirut\" by Mikdadi Tabbara", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00491-00455750-00456745": "Edwin Tran: The second one would be \"Women of Lebanon,\" which is a collection of different interviews with Lebanese women and their experiences during the Civil War, and it is", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00492-00456800-00457183": "Edwin Tran: organized by Nelda LaTeef, that's another one.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00493-00457233-00458004": "Edwin Tran: And the last one I really enjoyed, which is kind of a little rare one. I actually only just found this out a random used bookstore and I couldn't find anywhere else. But it's called, \"Besieged:", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00494-00458037-00459016": "Edwin Tran: A Doctor's Story of Life and Death and Beirut\" and it's about this French doctor that I'd mentioned who goes to the Palestinian refugee camp to basically be their main doctor", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00495-00459066-00460720": "Edwin Tran: and isn't incredible story. And so I definitely recommend that one as far as secondary sources, go I think my number one, go to would be Melani Cammett's \"Compassionate Communalism: Welfare and Sectarianism in Lebanon,\" it is a very in-depth political analysis of the socioeconomic", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00496-00460837-00461637": "Edwin Tran: status of Lebanon during the Civil War, and even up to the future. It analyzes the militia I've kind of referenced, about.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00497-00461675-00462258": "Edwin Tran: How it leads today to the current political parties and they're kind of course of measures.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00498-00462316-00462320": "Edwin Tran: And a final secondary source I recommend is Augustus Norton's \"Short History of Hezbollah.\" So it's tangentially related to the Lebanese Civil War, it focuses specifically on the Hezbollah organization, but it's a great source", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00499-00462366-00463554": "Edwin Tran: And a final secondary source. I recommend is Augustus Norton's Short History of Hezbollah. So it's tangentially related to the Lebanese Civil War, it focuses specifically on the Hezbollah organization, but it's a great source.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00500-00463583-00464562": "Edwin Tran: and just seeing how the Civil War created some of these militias and the motivations that resulted in their formations. It's a really easy read as well. Like, that's the big thing.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00501-00464645-00464912": "Edwin Tran: Thank you very much, everyone.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00502-00465000-00465254": "Caitlin: So you come to the end of our time. I just wanted to give", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00503-00465308-00466520": "Caitlin: one last thing he to r/AskHistorians and everyone who's worked so hard to make this conference a reality. I know that this has been in the works for a long time and I just wanted to thank our producers.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00504-00466633-00467812": "Caitlin: the organizers at rAskHistorians and everyone who is generously donated their time and expertise to bring high quality answers about history to to the public.", "mHIKBLjBMTo-00505-00467920-00467975": "Caitlin: Thank you."}}, {"audio_id": "mHb2X71hHg4", "text": {"mHb2X71hHg4-00000-00002033-00002598": "hello everyone how are you today this marc I'm doing great thanks for asking", "mHb2X71hHg4-00001-00002598-00003519": "I met Mary at the bus stop yesterday he published his book only in Italy they", "mHb2X71hHg4-00002-00003519-00004071": "sat on the floor to watch TV, in this lesson we are going to look at", "mHb2X71hHg4-00003-00004071-00005509": "Prepositions of place at, in and on so stay tuned - How many times have you", "mHb2X71hHg4-00004-00005509-00006223": "thought about which preposition to use? well it's important that you learn the verb plus the preposition.", "mHb2X71hHg4-00005-00006223-00006954": "For example I went to Japan last year I went to so I go to", "mHb2X71hHg4-00006-00006954-00007347": "I stayed in Japan for a month", "mHb2X71hHg4-00007-00007347-00008136": "stay in so I learned the verb plus the preposition if you wish to watch a", "mHb2X71hHg4-00008-00008136-00008790": "lesson on prepositional verbs you may click here - now let's concentrate of these", "mHb2X71hHg4-00009-00008790-00009442": "prepositions prepositions of place at in and on - I listed some rules to follow the", "mHb2X71hHg4-00010-00009442-00010282": "first one AT we use it for an exact point my example was, I met Mary at the", "mHb2X71hHg4-00011-00010282-00010914": "bus stop so this is - let's immagine a bus stop right here and I'm staying there", "mHb2X71hHg4-00012-00010914-00011668": "I met her at the bust stop so we also could say I met her at the corner or", "mHb2X71hHg4-00013-00011668-00012510": "at the door a door of a neighbors at the end of the road for example now we", "mHb2X71hHg4-00014-00012510-00013434": "also use AT with public spaces or buildings so I met her at university, I met her at the cinema", "mHb2X71hHg4-00015-00013434-00014791": "or I met her a library - we can say also without the article the AT hospital", "mHb2X71hHg4-00016-00014791-00015861": "we also use AT for events - so we can also say with I met Mary I met Mary at the", "mHb2X71hHg4-00017-00015861-00017001": "party or I met Mary at the concert or at the wedding - I met her at the wedding.", "mHb2X71hHg4-00018-00017001-00017742": "There are some expressions that use AT these are - not all of them but some are: AT home", "mHb2X71hHg4-00019-00017742-00018897": "we don't use the article the - so AT home we say - at the top or at the bottom or at the table -I sat at the", "mHb2X71hHg4-00020-00018897-00019965": "table In front of you - at the side, etc. let's look at IN - IN is used for enclosed space", "mHb2X71hHg4-00021-00019965-00020856": "so INSIDE - including countries like my example - He published his book", "mHb2X71hHg4-00022-00020856-00022163": "only in Italy in Italy, in France - in Russia - in Canada - in the US IN a box in a", "mHb2X71hHg4-00023-00022163-00023384": "building - so enclosed space - some means of transport - in a car a car is usually", "mHb2X71hHg4-00024-00023384-00024564": "small right ? so in a car, in a helicopter in a ship, in the lift or if you want to be", "mHb2X71hHg4-00025-00024564-00025316": "American in the elevator - elevator is the same as lift - with expressions in the sky", "mHb2X71hHg4-00026-00025316-00026268": "in the sky there are many birds - in Main St. pay attention because if you had a number in 58", "mHb2X71hHg4-00027-00026268-00026599": "Main Street it wouldn't be easy 58 Main St. but", "mHb2X71hHg4-00028-00026599-00027666": "on 58 Main Street so IN takes only the name of the street IN Main St. - on 58", "mHb2X71hHg4-00029-00027666-00028888": "Main St. - in the newspaper - in the mirror I looked in the mirror - in the picture - in", "mHb2X71hHg4-00030-00028888-00029447": "the world - in their world they are many people who speak English", "mHb2X71hHg4-00031-00029447-00030233": "let's take a look at ON ON for surface - it could be horizontally or vertically", "mHb2X71hHg4-00032-00030233-00031325": "they sat on the floor they sat on the floor or there's a sign on the door or", "mHb2X71hHg4-00033-00031325-00032181": "on the ceiling there is a fan on the ceiling - on the table okay on the table", "mHb2X71hHg4-00034-00032181-00033277": "there are many glasses - so with means of transport on the bus we say - on the train", "mHb2X71hHg4-00035-00033277-00034378": "on the plane - on a horse - on a bike - Expression that take ON", "mHb2X71hHg4-00036-00034378-00035515": "on the radio I heard it on the radio - on TV I watched it on TV - on the way on", "mHb2X71hHg4-00037-00035515-00036950": "the way to work I met Mary - on the right on the left - on the river - on the sea etc now", "mHb2X71hHg4-00038-00036950-00037428": "let's recap ! in this lesson we looked at", "mHb2X71hHg4-00039-00037428-00038272": "prepositions of place AT IN and ON - Use AT for an exact point, public spaces or buildings and", "mHb2X71hHg4-00040-00038272-00039141": "events - Use IN instead for an enclosed space and some means of transport - Use ON", "mHb2X71hHg4-00041-00039141-00039855": "for a surface and for some means of transport too - remember the fixed expressions - at home at", "mHb2X71hHg4-00042-00039855-00040659": "hospital - in the mirror - in the picture - on the radio - on TV - so that's it for today", "mHb2X71hHg4-00043-00040659-00041115": "thank you very much for watching if you have any doubts, any comments or if you", "mHb2X71hHg4-00044-00041115-00041625": "want to post your own example you may do so under this video - you don't forget to", "mHb2X71hHg4-00045-00041625-00042078": "share the lesson if you liked it - don't forget to subscribe to my channel so", "mHb2X71hHg4-00046-00042078-00042816": "next week you'll get a new lesson - having said that, have a great day and see you next week", "mHb2X71hHg4-00047-00042816-00043040": "take care bye bye"}}, {"audio_id": "mI7xdO-IMt8", "text": {"mI7xdO-IMt8-00000-00001125-00001530": "Registered Phenomena Code: 703", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00001-00001530-00001839": "Object Class: Alpha-Yellow", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00002-00001839-00002913": "Hazard Types: Regenerative, Destabilization, Temporal, Explosive, Extreme Temperature,", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00003-00002913-00003105": "Gravitational", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00004-00003105-00003829": "Containment Protocols: RPC-703 is to be kept in a frozen state at all times.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00005-00003829-00004442": "The containment chamber must always remain at a temperature below -30°C. Any attempts", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00006-00004442-00005138": "to convert RPC-703 to a liquid state or gaseous state will result in immediate clearance level", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00007-00005138-00005330": "demotion.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00008-00005330-00005863": "Description: RPC-703 is a bottle of Sprite Zero.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00009-00005863-00006486": "Every 24 hours, it will undergo a \"zero state\" in which a specific attribute that can be", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00010-00006486-00006865": "measured or determined will become exactly zero.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00011-00006865-00007539": "This effect ranges from zero temperature, zero mass, zero gravity, etc.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00012-00007539-00008078": "The zero state however, can be altered by environmental factors, such as room temperature", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00013-00008078-00008548": "increasing the temperature of RPC-703.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00014-00008548-00009226": "RPC-703 despite being impossible to destroy by non-anomalous means and outside forces,", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00015-00009226-00009869": "may be destroyed by certain zero states, however it will reappear after 24 hours, although", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00016-00009869-00010511": "it will have no anomalous properties until the next 24 hours after initial reappearance.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00017-00010511-00011111": "RPC-703 has also shown to always contain 20 fl oz of Sprite Zero.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00018-00011111-00011626": "Multiple different states of zero have been documented, however newer states of zero are", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00019-00011626-00011815": "still observed.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00020-00011815-00012411": "The states that RPC-703 cycles through do not seem to be in order.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00021-00012411-00012796": "Non-anomalous freezing has proven to be able to pause the cycle.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00022-00012796-00013431": "Consumption of RPC-703 will result in the consumer experiencing a zero state, which", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00023-00013431-00013700": "usually results in death.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00024-00013700-00014201": "Consumers do not return to normal, nor do they cycle through different states.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00025-00014201-00014601": "Foreign substances do not mix with RPC-703.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00026-00014601-00014918": "It also does not react with any substance.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00027-00014918-00015313": "No other similar instances have been found since containment.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00028-00015313-00015871": "LEVEL 3 - RPC-703 Zero State Logs", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00029-00015871-00016129": "Logs are listed in chronological order.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00030-00016129-00016631": "Equipment was set up within the testing chamber to automatically measure any changes to determine", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00031-00016631-00016815": "what physical properties were affected.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00032-00016815-00017048": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/19/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00033-00017048-00018351": "Zero State Type: 0°C / 32°F (Testing chamber", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00034-00018351-00019059": "temperature was 0°C / 32°F) Results: Froze within 7 hours.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00035-00019059-00019268": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/20/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00036-00019268-00020615": "Zero State Type: 0% reflectance Results: Became completely pitch-black, reflecting", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00037-00020615-00020887": "no radiation including visible light.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00038-00020887-00021034": "Notes: None", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00039-00021034-00021245": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/21/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00040-00021245-00023013": "Zero State Type: -17.7°C (0°F) (Testing chamber temperature was -17.7°C)", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00041-00023013-00023452": "Results: Froze within 7 hours.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00042-00023452-00023579": "Notes: None", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00043-00023579-00024448": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/22/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00044-00024448-00025145": "Zero State Type: 0 gravity Results: RPC-703 floated throughout the testing", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00045-00025145-00025245": "chamber.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00046-00025245-00025390": "Notes: None", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00047-00025390-00025619": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/23/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00048-00025619-00026794": "Zero State Type: 0 kilograms Results: Unaffected by gravity due to having", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00049-00026794-00027392": "no weight, zero gravity effects were observed in RPC-703.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00050-00027392-00028000": "Notes: RPC-703 still retained its weight, as it appeared on a scale and required some", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00051-00028000-00028227": "effort to move.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00052-00028227-00028977": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/24/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00053-00028977-00029688": "Zero State Type: 0 width Results: The height of RPC-703 increased from", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00054-00029688-00030814": "22.7 cm to 39.7 cm as RPC-703 became a two-dimensional object, possessing only length and height.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00055-00030814-00031197": "The length of RPC-703 was not affected.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00056-00031197-00032152": "Notes: The height was increased most likely to accommodate the containment of 20 fl oz", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00057-00032152-00032388": "of Sprite Zero.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00058-00032388-00032702": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/25/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00059-00032702-00033304": "Zero State Type: 0 pressure Results: Immediately imploded due to the difference", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00060-00033304-00033706": "between the pressure of RPC-703 and outside pressure.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00061-00033706-00034011": "Reappeared 24 hours later.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00062-00034011-00034774": "Notes: Equipment was unable to measure the pressure levels before the implosion of RPC-703,", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00063-00034774-00035311": "however it was deduced that zero pressure had resulted in the implosion as it would", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00064-00035311-00035866": "be the only other cause of an implosion.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00065-00035866-00036424": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/27/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00066-00036424-00037560": "Zero State Type: -273°C (0 K) Results: RPC-703 at a state of absolute zero", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00067-00037560-00038008": "temperature and did not exhibit any apparent effects aside from freezing.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00068-00038008-00038150": "Notes: None", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00069-00038150-00038378": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/28/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00070-00038378-00039807": "Zero State Type: 0 mol / mass / atomic mass Results: Completely disappeared without a", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00071-00039807-00040143": "trace, effectively breaking conservation laws.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00072-00040143-00040857": "Notes: The area previously occupied by RPC-703 had likely become a vacuum before being filled", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00073-00040857-00041026": "by air.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00074-00041026-00041683": "The reappearance of RPC-703 had also resulted in the apparent destruction of all air that", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00075-00041683-00041931": "had filled the area occupied.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00076-00041931-00042714": "The inside of RPC-703 also contained air when it had reappeared, as the contents of RPC-703", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00077-00042714-00043020": "did not boil as they would if it had existed in a vacuum.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00078-00043020-00043225": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/30/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00079-00043225-00044549": "Zero State Type: 0 decibels Results: Ceased to produce / reflect any sound.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00080-00044549-00044708": "Notes: None", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00081-00044708-00045577": "RPC: 703 Date: 1/31/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00082-00045577-00046184": "Zero State Type: 0 time Results: Object disappeared due to existing", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00083-00046184-00046474": "within no timeline at all.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00084-00046474-00047126": "Personnel stationed during the event claimed that RPC-703 never existed and that any documentations", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00085-00047126-00047468": "of RPC-703 were false.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00086-00047468-00048030": "After reappearing, personnel acknowledged the existence of RPC-703 and were able to", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00087-00048030-00048297": "recall memories of it.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00088-00048297-00048984": "Notes: For clarification, RPC-703 experiencing \"zero time\" would therefore mean it would", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00089-00048984-00049355": "not have any time to experience reality.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00090-00049355-00049751": "RPC-703 deemed a Temporal Hazard.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00091-00049751-00050472": "RPC: 703 Date: 2/2/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00092-00050472-00051591": "Zero State Type: 0°N 0°E Results: Object was relocated to 0°N 0°E.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00093-00051591-00052257": "Notes: GPS attachment to RPC-703 allowed for personnel to determine the coordinates of", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00094-00052257-00052357": "RPC-703.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00095-00052357-00052641": "RPC: 703 Date: 2/3/2019", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00096-00052641-00053717": "Zero State Type: Anderson Coherency Scale (ACS) of 0", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00097-00053717-00054013": "Results: Object was unable to be described.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00098-00054013-00054313": "Further information is Level-4 classified.", "mI7xdO-IMt8-00099-00054313-00054420": "Notes: None"}}, {"audio_id": "mIz-S2VH8eo", "text": {"mIz-S2VH8eo-00000-00000050-00000642": "[MUSIC]", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00001-00000642-00001046": "Meli’sa Crawford: In my grandmother’s household,", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00002-00001046-00001320": "she would say, that if we were having trouble pooping,", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00003-00001320-00001457": "then we may be sick.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00004-00001457-00001812": "This concept would intrigue me as a child. “So, you mean,", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00005-00001812-00002088": "if I can’t poop, then something’s wrong with me?", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00006-00002088-00002410": "Well, why poop?” I didn’t know it at the time,", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00007-00002410-00002695": "but my grandmother was planting the first of many seeds used", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00008-00002695-00003037": "to help me develop into a future gastrointestinal researcher.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00009-00003037-00003417": "Which also means, that other people’s poop is a huge part", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00010-00003417-00003514": "of my life.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00011-00003514-00003684": "I grew up in South Phoenix, which was", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00012-00003684-00003842": "considered to be a food desert.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00013-00003842-00004095": "While there were many grocery stores in the area,", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00014-00004095-00004281": "the quality of the food was disappointing,", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00015-00004281-00004717": "and many families, like my own, could only afford fast food.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00016-00004717-00005064": "Needless to say, I saw many family members and friends", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00017-00005064-00005192": "struggling with their health.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00018-00005192-00005458": "Which made me wonder if a lack of bowel movement", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00019-00005458-00005547": "were to blame.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00020-00005547-00005736": "Now, my grandmother isn’t a scientist,", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00021-00005736-00005921": "but she was definitely on to something.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00022-00005921-00006190": "Poop can tell us about our health.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00023-00006190-00006360": "The gut microbiome is associated with", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00024-00006360-00006620": "many metabolic and gastrointestinal diseases,", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00025-00006620-00007118": "like obesity, type 2 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00026-00007118-00007308": "60-70 million people are affected", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00027-00007308-00007694": "by digestive disorders, and over 97 billion prescriptions", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00028-00007694-00008036": "are written annually to treat these debilitating illnesses.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00029-00008036-00008288": "But a poor diet is the most important factor", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00030-00008288-00008686": "that can determine whether you get metabolic and gut diseases.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00031-00008686-00008969": "In our lab, we examine how a high fat diet", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00032-00008969-00009322": "can alter gut bacteria and what passes through the intestines.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00033-00009322-00009649": "We’ve found that a high fat diet can increase bacteria", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00034-00009649-00009783": "associated with disease.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00035-00009783-00010046": "And it can also increase inflammatory proteins.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00036-00010046-00010323": "In most cases, increasing fiber intake", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00037-00010323-00010638": "through fruits and vegetables can improve gut health.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00038-00010638-00010780": "So the majority of the information", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00039-00010780-00011112": "that researchers and doctors use to help develop new treatments", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00040-00011112-00011334": "starts with knowing the composition of your poop.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00041-00011334-00011586": "For example, you can donate your fecal samples", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00042-00011586-00011833": "to a nonprofit stool bank like OpenBiome.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00043-00011833-00012017": "With that information researchers", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00044-00012017-00012342": "can develop pills that contain healthy fecal microbes to treat", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00045-00012342-00012583": "patients suffering from GI disorders.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00046-00012583-00012825": "My hope is that one day we can improve food quality", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00047-00012825-00013072": "and accessibility for underprivileged areas,", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00048-00013072-00013326": "so that one day we can eliminate disease risk.", "mIz-S2VH8eo-00049-00013650-00013805": "[MUSIC]"}}, {"audio_id": "mJ3NslpafWA", "text": {"mJ3NslpafWA-00000-00000131-00000942": "Accra Ghana Vs Lagos Nigeria.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00001-00000942-00001132": "Which City is Most Beautiful.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00002-00001132-00001670": "Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana, is a sub-Saharan African republic.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00003-00001670-00002260": "It borders the Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, and Togo in the east, and", "mJ3NslpafWA-00004-00002260-00002688": "extends across the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00005-00002688-00002957": "Ghana's capital city is Accra.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00006-00002957-00003475": "As of 2020, the city's expected urban population is 4.2 million.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00007-00003475-00004034": "Ghana's capital, Accra, is the country's most densely inhabited metropolis.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00008-00004034-00004423": "It is regarded as one of Africa's most expensive cities.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00009-00004423-00004868": "This is owing to an increase in the cost of rent and lodging in recent years.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00010-00004868-00005404": "Accra boasts numerous impressive infrastructures and facilities, making the city a sight to", "mJ3NslpafWA-00011-00005404-00005508": "behold.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00012-00005508-00005824": "There are numerous tourist attractions in the city.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00013-00005824-00006350": "Lagos, Nigeria's and Africa's most populated city, is one of the continent's most important", "mJ3NslpafWA-00014-00006350-00006472": "financial centers.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00015-00006472-00007017": "This city has Africa's fourth-highest GDP and one of the continent's largest and busiest", "mJ3NslpafWA-00016-00007017-00007129": "seaports.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00017-00007129-00007525": "It is also regarded as one of the world's fastest expanding cities.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00018-00007525-00007820": "Lagos boasts Nigeria's tallest skyline.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00019-00007820-00008148": "Lagos has a wide range of architectural styles.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00020-00008148-00008671": "Lagos is home to a plethora of attractive infrastructure and facilities.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00021-00008671-00009082": "This metropolis has the potential to become one of the world's most developed cities over", "mJ3NslpafWA-00022-00009082-00009182": "time.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00023-00009182-00009581": "In this video, we'll look at two of Africa's most popular cities.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00024-00009581-00009935": "Accra and Lagos are these two lovely cities.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00025-00009935-00010557": "On the basis of infrastructure, cost of living, tourism, food, and nightlife, a comparison", "mJ3NslpafWA-00026-00010557-00011234": "will be made to see which city is more beautiful and developed.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00027-00011234-00011353": "Infrastructural Development.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00028-00011353-00011453": "Accra.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00029-00011453-00011911": "Ghana's economy has been growing steadily for the past two decades, with improvements", "mJ3NslpafWA-00030-00011911-00012211": "in practically every sector of the economy.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00031-00012211-00012793": "The economy has grown as a result of a decrease in poverty rates, which now stand at 24.3", "mJ3NslpafWA-00032-00012793-00013301": "percent, a decline of 4.2 percentage points from the previous rate.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00033-00013301-00013800": "Despite these gains, the economy continues to be plagued by gaps in both economic and", "mJ3NslpafWA-00034-00013800-00014298": "social infrastructure, which has slowed the rate of acceleration in the economy.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00035-00014298-00014425": "Lagos.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00036-00014425-00015181": "Lagos Governor Akinwunmi Ambode has made infrastructure rehabilitation a priority for his administration.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00037-00015181-00015606": "The governor has commissioned no fewer than ten infrastructure projects in the previous", "mJ3NslpafWA-00038-00015606-00015890": "two months, which has fueled the momentum.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00039-00015890-00016467": "The most recent are four highways in the state's Ikoyi, Eti-Osa Local Government Area.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00040-00016467-00017068": "Thompson Avenue, Milverton, Macdonald, and Lateef Jakande Roads were among the restored", "mJ3NslpafWA-00041-00017068-00017609": "roads that were commissioned as part of initiatives to regenerate infrastructure across the state.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00042-00017609-00018073": "Because of the economic importance of Ikoyi as a real estate hub, the Governor indicated", "mJ3NslpafWA-00043-00018073-00018526": "during the inauguration of the road projects that his government began infrastructural", "mJ3NslpafWA-00044-00018526-00019025": "renewal and rehabilitation of the roads and drainage projects inside the axis in July", "mJ3NslpafWA-00045-00019025-00019201": "2020.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00046-00019201-00019689": "He went on to say that the inauguration demonstrates his government's commitment to providing strong", "mJ3NslpafWA-00047-00019689-00020346": "infrastructure and improving inhabitants' living conditions.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00048-00020346-00020504": "Cost of Living.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00049-00020504-00020614": "Accra.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00050-00020614-00021061": "The cost of living will vary significantly between places and lifestyles, as it does", "mJ3NslpafWA-00051-00021061-00021161": "in most countries.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00052-00021161-00021492": "Accra is the most costly city to stay in.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00053-00021492-00022109": "Some development agencies offer a monthly rent allowance of $3,000 for a house or apartment,", "mJ3NslpafWA-00054-00022109-00022276": "but this is insufficient.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00055-00022276-00022777": "If you are young, healthy, and flexible and do not require the Western way of life, you", "mJ3NslpafWA-00056-00022777-00022950": "can live for less money.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00057-00022950-00023400": "You can live quite cheaply if you don't mind living without air conditioning, without power", "mJ3NslpafWA-00058-00023400-00024009": "for large periods of the day, in a neighborhood with some noise and dust, no official security,", "mJ3NslpafWA-00059-00024009-00024131": "and so on.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00060-00024131-00024654": "Another option is to share housing with others; dividing the rent of a three-bedroom apartment", "mJ3NslpafWA-00061-00024654-00025140": "in three equals roughly 1,200 dollars per month for each of you.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00062-00025140-00025509": "Unfortunately, landlords now need a one-year advance payment.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00063-00025509-00026029": "Furthermore, certain living expenditures are exorbitant - for example, electricity just", "mJ3NslpafWA-00064-00026029-00026550": "increased by 75%, and you may have to pay for water to be trucked to your home during", "mJ3NslpafWA-00065-00026550-00026739": "the dry season.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00066-00026739-00026877": "Lagos.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00067-00026877-00027327": "The cost of living in Lagos varies depending on where you want to live, however living", "mJ3NslpafWA-00068-00027327-00027743": "on the mainland is often less expensive than living on the island.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00069-00027743-00028520": "House rent in Agege, Oshodi, Surulere, Ikeja, Yaba, Ketu, Ikorodu, Ojodu Berger can range", "mJ3NslpafWA-00070-00028520-00029400": "from N350,000 to N600,000 per year, while those in Ikoyi, Lekki, Ajah, Victoria Island,", "mJ3NslpafWA-00071-00029400-00029655": "and its environs can cost millions.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00072-00029655-00030138": "However, there are still areas on the mainland where individuals pay annual house rents of", "mJ3NslpafWA-00073-00030138-00030338": "around N3 million.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00074-00030338-00030705": "It all depends on whether you want luxurious or simple housing.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00075-00030705-00031144": "Also, you don't have to spend a fortune to feed yourself and your family; all you need", "mJ3NslpafWA-00076-00031144-00031516": "to know is how to trim your coat to fit your size.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00077-00031516-00032064": "Supermarkets, restaurants, and local markets all have a wide variety of foods to choose", "mJ3NslpafWA-00078-00032064-00032175": "from.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00079-00032175-00032285": "Tourism.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00080-00032285-00032394": "Accra.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00081-00032394-00033128": "Accra is a bustling modern city with wonderful food on the streets and a beach waiting to", "mJ3NslpafWA-00082-00033128-00033272": "cool you down.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00083-00033272-00033691": "From a bustling local cultural scene with everything from traditional song and dance", "mJ3NslpafWA-00084-00033691-00034205": "to sophisticated clubs with the newest live music, you'll find all you need.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00085-00034205-00034622": "Traditional crafts as well as cutting-edge contemporary fashions can be found.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00086-00034622-00035222": "The city's Dutch, British, and Danish influences mingle with its West African heritage to create", "mJ3NslpafWA-00087-00035222-00035480": "an unforgettable experience.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00088-00035480-00035996": "Visit the Ghana National Museum, the Accra Art Centre for artisan crafts, and the Kwame", "mJ3NslpafWA-00089-00035996-00036275": "Nkrumah Memorial Park and Mausoleum.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00090-00036275-00036830": "Bojo Beach and Labadi Beach are just two of the several beaches in the Accra area that", "mJ3NslpafWA-00091-00036830-00037324": "provide clear seas and sports like horseback riding and surfing.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00092-00037324-00037424": "Lagos.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00093-00037424-00037981": "Because of the country's diverse ethnic groups, tourism in Nigeria focuses primarily on events,", "mJ3NslpafWA-00094-00037981-00038687": "although it also contains rain forests, savannah, waterfalls, and other natural features.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00095-00038687-00039362": "Tourist spending in Nigeria fell from 2,6 billion dollars in 2015 to 1,5 billion dollars", "mJ3NslpafWA-00096-00039362-00039903": "in 2017, owing to the rise of the Boko Haram insurgency in 2015.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00097-00039903-00040602": "Lagos is progressively becoming a prominent tourist destination, as a result of the re-modernization", "mJ3NslpafWA-00098-00040602-00041122": "project carried out by the previous administration of Governor Raji Babatunde Fashola.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00099-00041122-00041424": "It is one of the largest cities in Africa and the globe.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00100-00041424-00041796": "Lagos is in the process of becoming a global city.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00101-00041796-00042402": "The 2009 Eyo carnival, which took place on April 25, was a significant step toward world", "mJ3NslpafWA-00102-00042402-00042590": "city designation for the city.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00103-00042590-00043502": "Lagos is currently known for being a business-oriented and fast-paced city.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00104-00043502-00043616": "Cuisine and Nightlife.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00105-00043616-00043716": "Accra.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00106-00043716-00044229": "Accra, Ghana has a lot to offer visitors, but for those who want a good time, the nightlife", "mJ3NslpafWA-00107-00044229-00044413": "scene is a real treat.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00108-00044413-00044843": "The vibrant nightlife scene offers a fusion of African and European cultures.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00109-00044843-00045309": "Accra has something for everyone, whether you're searching for a low-key lounge with", "mJ3NslpafWA-00110-00045309-00045771": "an intimate atmosphere or a high-octane night out on the town.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00111-00045771-00046334": "The Zen Garden, Inside Carbon Nightclub, and Champs Sports Bar and Grill, to mention a", "mJ3NslpafWA-00112-00046334-00046586": "few, are all located here.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00113-00046586-00047043": "Ghanaian cuisine has mastered the skill of transforming ordinary materials into sublime", "mJ3NslpafWA-00114-00047043-00047440": "delicacies that have become permanent fixtures in the Ghanaian diet.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00115-00047440-00047878": "It's no surprise that chefs all over the world are praising their brilliant Ghanaian brothers", "mJ3NslpafWA-00116-00047878-00048426": "and sisters for stepping up their culinary game and serving up dishes that are as gorgeous", "mJ3NslpafWA-00117-00048426-00048650": "as they are delectable.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00118-00048650-00048818": "Lagos.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00119-00048818-00049368": "Nigerian cuisine is rich and colorful, with spices and strong chilli peppers, and visitors", "mJ3NslpafWA-00120-00049368-00049877": "who want a taste of the country's cuisine should try jollof (rice cooked with tomato,", "mJ3NslpafWA-00121-00049877-00050622": "onion, and pepper), akara (deep-fried bean cakes), banga (a palm fruit-based soup), or", "mJ3NslpafWA-00122-00050622-00051067": "moin moin (fried fish) (a steamed bean pudding).", "mJ3NslpafWA-00123-00051067-00051662": "With a variety of posh, casual, fast-food, and street vendor alternatives, eating out", "mJ3NslpafWA-00124-00051662-00052221": "in Lagos offers not just variety in ethnic and foreign cuisine, but also pricing and", "mJ3NslpafWA-00125-00052221-00052321": "quality.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00126-00052321-00052829": "The Victoria and Lagos Islands, as well as the Lekki Peninsula, have the most fashionable", "mJ3NslpafWA-00127-00052829-00053002": "and recognized eateries.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00128-00053002-00053601": "Lagos has firmly established itself as Nigeria's nightlife capital, with pulsing nightclubs,", "mJ3NslpafWA-00129-00053601-00053941": "late-night bars, and live music venues.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00130-00053941-00054404": "The nightlife scene in the city tends to start late in the evening and last until the sun", "mJ3NslpafWA-00131-00054404-00054982": "rises, with most clubs filling up around 11 p.m. Victoria Island and Ikoyi are two of", "mJ3NslpafWA-00132-00054982-00055251": "Lagos' most popular nightlife locations.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00133-00055251-00055755": "There are a couple of wonderful bars on the mainland of Lagos, but they are exclusively", "mJ3NslpafWA-00134-00055755-00056095": "for the more daring, as safety is not guaranteed.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00135-00056095-00056669": "Pool parties are held at a few upscale hotels and are a terrific way to beat the heat while", "mJ3NslpafWA-00136-00056669-00056870": "taking in the Lagos nightlife.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00137-00056870-00057366": "Awolowo Road attracts a large number of dining and late-night drinkers, while Pat's Place", "mJ3NslpafWA-00138-00057366-00057854": "attracts Nigeria's resident expat population.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00139-00057854-00058574": "Lagos, Nigeria's largest city, stretches inland over the Lagos Lagoon from the Gulf of Guinea.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00140-00058574-00059135": "The financial core of the city, Victoria Island, is known for its beach resorts, boutiques,", "mJ3NslpafWA-00141-00059135-00059235": "and nightlife.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00142-00059235-00059769": "Ghana's capital, Accra, is located on the Atlantic coast of West Africa.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00143-00059769-00060130": "These significant cities are among Africa's most populous.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00144-00060130-00060287": "Thank you for tuning in.", "mJ3NslpafWA-00145-00060287-00060784": "If you enjoyed this video, please consider sharing it, subscribing to the channel, and", "mJ3NslpafWA-00146-00060784-00061285": "turning on the notify button to receive future updates."}}]