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+[{"audio_id": "jBBcvgFcZwE", "text": {"jBBcvgFcZwE-00000-00000131-00000551": "good afternoon it's Saturday so I just", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00001-00000552-00000782": "discovered something on soundcloud", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00002-00000783-00001075": "that's where I get my music that'll like", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00003-00001076-00001303": "greatly speed up the process of getting", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00004-00001304-00001466": "the music I found out that you can", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00005-00001467-00001798": "actually see how the music is licensed", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00006-00001798-00002348": "licensed right on the website so I'm", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00007-00002349-00002471": "going to continue to contact the artist", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00008-00002472-00002665": "let them know I'm using it but now that", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00009-00002666-00002921": "you can see that it's either under like", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00010-00002922-00003160": "creative commons or something like that", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00011-00003161-00003434": "then I know whether I can use it right", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00012-00003435-00004013": "away and this kind of this connects with", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00013-00004014-00004217": "a lot of things I do in terms of", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00014-00004218-00004466": "routines I'm not really a fan of", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00015-00004467-00004766": "routines and when I do have something", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00016-00004767-00004943": "that is a routine such as adding the", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00017-00004944-00005206": "vlog every night I slowly refine it and", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00018-00005207-00005377": "I try to make it as efficient as", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00019-00005378-00005581": "possible and something takes too long", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00020-00005582-00005933": "then I'll take note of that and figure", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00021-00005934-00006172": "out a way to fix it like for example", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00022-00006173-00006511": "making a template for the vlog but this", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00023-00006512-00006814": "is also a hindrance towards creativity", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00024-00006815-00007108": "because now that I have a template I", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00025-00007109-00007485": "can't be creative in the style I edit so", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00026-00007486-00007906": "it's a toss up between being quick and", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00027-00007908-00008162": "having a good routine and being creative", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00028-00008163-00008480": "and I really feel like routines kill", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00029-00008481-00008819": "that creativity and with that let's be", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00030-00008820-00010569": "creative", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00031-00010570-00010882": "when I say I hate routines that's not", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00032-00010883-00011170": "completely true the only time a routine", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00033-00011171-00011434": "is acceptable is when it is with", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00034-00011435-00011688": "something that is an absolute", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00035-00011689-00012001": "requirement of my life an event that is", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00036-00012002-00012316": "completely unavoidable a routine in this", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00037-00012317-00012619": "case allows me to refine that specific", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00038-00012620-00012910": "event and make it extremely efficient so", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00039-00012911-00013153": "that it eats up as little time of my", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00040-00013154-00013450": "life as possible what I dislike about", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00041-00013451-00013719": "routines is that they're so easy they", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00042-00013720-00013966": "require no brain power no effort and", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00043-00013966-00014391": "once you fall into one that's it I feel", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00044-00014393-00014688": "like in order to have any sort of", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00045-00014690-00015118": "creativity you need some level of chaos", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00046-00015119-00015578": "in your life some type of uncertainty", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00047-00015579-00015900": "you need to stimulate your mind in order", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00048-00015901-00016297": "to come up with new ideas and for this", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00049-00016297-00016753": "reason I feel like routine is the enemy", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00050-00016754-00018494": "of creativity", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00051-00018495-00018914": "so it's kind of funny I just after", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00052-00018915-00019145": "talking about that but an hour ago I", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00053-00019146-00019416": "finished the trailer for my youtube", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00054-00019417-00019578": "channel which is only about a minute", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00055-00019579-00020078": "long but that video took me pretty much", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00056-00020079-00020399": "two days not like fully two days but", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00057-00020400-00020684": "multiple days of working on it just to", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00058-00020685-00021030": "finish that one minute video whereas my", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00059-00021031-00021406": "vlog or whatever you want to call it", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00060-00021407-00021845": "takes me at most two hours to do a 5-10", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00061-00021846-00022083": "minute video you can see how the", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00062-00022084-00022325": "difference is they're digging through", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00063-00022326-00022677": "old footage and stuff like that really", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00064-00022678-00022844": "makes a difference than just putting", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00065-00022845-00024161": "them in basically in order", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00066-00024162-00024411": "stem cells cool car again take picture", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00067-00024412-00026398": "of it carries eating ice cream", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00068-00026399-00026689": "so that was a pretty cool car I just", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00069-00026691-00026813": "posted one of those pictures to", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00070-00026814-00027257": "Instagram and yeah I got to talk about", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00071-00027258-00027548": "how I don't really like routines and how", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00072-00027549-00027752": "they kill creativity there was something", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00073-00027752-00028079": "interesting I read just recently it was", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00074-00028080-00028505": "a study on how just walking can increase", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00075-00028506-00028699": "your creativity by up to sixty percent", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00076-00028700-00028922": "however they measure that I have no idea", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00077-00028923-00029150": "but it doesn't even have to be like", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00078-00029151-00029395": "going out places it can just be even on", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00079-00029397-00029683": "a treadmill so much just distract your", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00080-00029685-00030004": "brain do something I didn't really read", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00081-00030005-00030614": "too much into it but that's something I", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00082-00030614-00030820": "also believe is being active really", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00083-00030822-00031001": "helps out as well so that's another", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00084-00031002-00031526": "Saturday and with all saturday with all", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00085-00031527-00031682": "saturdays i'll edit this in the morning", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00086-00031683-00032327": "on sunday so with that good night be", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00087-00032327-00033737": "good", "jBBcvgFcZwE-00088-00033738-00034116": "can see anything"}}, {"audio_id": "jBebbUVVmU4", "text": {"jBebbUVVmU4-00000-00000074-00000353": "the Shemp earth Quintus as a single-seat", "jBebbUVVmU4-00001-00000354-00000679": "23 metres open class glider built by", "jBebbUVVmU4-00002-00000680-00001211": "Shemp earth", "jBebbUVVmU4-00003-00001212-00001797": "topic development", "jBebbUVVmU4-00004-00001798-00002124": "the Quintus and the Lang Antares 23 e", "jBebbUVVmU4-00005-00002125-00002310": "were developed in a joint venture", "jBebbUVVmU4-00006-00002311-00002679": "between laying a VA Shin GmbH in Shemp", "jBebbUVVmU4-00007-00002680-00003003": "earth the two companies have agreed to", "jBebbUVVmU4-00008-00003004-00003333": "coordinate marketing the 18 meters", "jBebbUVVmU4-00009-00003334-00003570": "intersection of the wing was developed", "jBebbUVVmU4-00010-00003571-00003750": "by laying with the assistance of", "jBebbUVVmU4-00011-00003751-00003969": "Professor local boards of the Delft", "jBebbUVVmU4-00012-00003970-00004293": "University of Technology the outer", "jBebbUVVmU4-00013-00004294-00004632": "section have Mao mur winglets the wings", "jBebbUVVmU4-00014-00004633-00004881": "molds have also been used for the laying", "jBebbUVVmU4-00015-00004882-00005202": "Antares h3 experimental fuel cell", "jBebbUVVmU4-00016-00005203-00005534": "aircraft the biggest differences between", "jBebbUVVmU4-00017-00005535-00005847": "Antares 23 II and quintus are the", "jBebbUVVmU4-00018-00005848-00006134": "fuselages and the propulsion units", "jBebbUVVmU4-00019-00006135-00006420": "laying aviation have installed an", "jBebbUVVmU4-00020-00006420-00006663": "electric system whereas the Quintus has", "jBebbUVVmU4-00021-00006664-00007298": "a solo 2625 o - I combustion engine at", "jBebbUVVmU4-00022-00007300-00007595": "58 kilograms per square metre the", "jBebbUVVmU4-00023-00007597-00007884": "Quintus has a wing loading 20% higher", "jBebbUVVmU4-00024-00007884-00008091": "than its predecessors and its high", "jBebbUVVmU4-00025-00008092-00008366": "aspect ratio will give good climb rates", "jBebbUVVmU4-00026-00008367-00008735": "in thermals it will only be available as", "jBebbUVVmU4-00027-00008736-00008924": "a self launcher with a steerable", "jBebbUVVmU4-00028-00008925-00009101": "tailwheel", "jBebbUVVmU4-00029-00009102-00009535": "you", "jBebbUVVmU4-00030-00009536-00010264": "topic major competition results", "jBebbUVVmU4-00031-00010265-00010580": "first place at 2012 world gliding", "jBebbUVVmU4-00032-00010581-00011445": "championships open class in Uvalde Texas", "jBebbUVVmU4-00033-00011446-00012078": "topic specifications", "jBebbUVVmU4-00034-00012079-00012401": "general characteristics", "jBebbUVVmU4-00035-00012402-00013013": "Kru one capacity 250 kilograms water", "jBebbUVVmU4-00036-00013013-00013433": "ballast length seven point eight three", "jBebbUVVmU4-00037-00013434-00014060": "meters 25 feet 6 in wing span 23 point", "jBebbUVVmU4-00038-00014061-00014635": "zero zero meters 75 feet 5 in wing area", "jBebbUVVmU4-00039-00014636-00015074": "fourteen point seven square meters 158", "jBebbUVVmU4-00040-00015075-00015694": "feet two aspect ratio thirty-six wing", "jBebbUVVmU4-00041-00015695-00016312": "profile Delft to do 97 minus 127 15", "jBebbUVVmU4-00042-00016313-00016939": "empty weight 500 kilograms 1102 pounds", "jBebbUVVmU4-00043-00016940-00017725": "gross weight 850 kilograms 1873 pounds", "jBebbUVVmU4-00044-00017726-00018302": "powerplant one time solo 2625 Oh - aye", "jBebbUVVmU4-00045-00018303-00018967": "52 2 kilowatts 70 horsepower performance", "jBebbUVVmU4-00046-00018968-00019518": "armament", "jBebbUVVmU4-00047-00019519-00020110": "topic C also", "jBebbUVVmU4-00048-00020111-00020303": "aircraft of comparable role", "jBebbUVVmU4-00049-00020304-00020816": "configuration and era junker json'", "jBebbUVVmU4-00050-00020817-00021247": "revelation 21 metres version laying", "jBebbUVVmU4-00051-00021248-00021941": "Antares 23 e slicker ash 31 related", "jBebbUVVmU4-00052-00021942-00022420": "lists list of gliders"}}, {"audio_id": "jBHNth098W8", "text": {"jBHNth098W8-00000-00000049-00000378": "men well ii palaiologos are paleo logis", "jBHNth098W8-00001-00000379-00000663": "Greek manual v palaiologos manual to", "jBHNth098W8-00002-00000664-00001011": "pelayo logos the 27th of June 1350 to", "jBHNth098W8-00003-00001011-00001337": "the 21st of July 1425 was Byzantine", "jBHNth098W8-00004-00001338-00001775": "Emperor from 1391 to 1425 shortly before", "jBHNth098W8-00005-00001776-00001952": "his death he was tonsured a monk and", "jBHNth098W8-00006-00001953-00002189": "received the name Matthew his wife", "jBHNth098W8-00007-00002190-00002375": "Helena draaga's saw to it that their", "jBHNth098W8-00008-00002376-00002595": "sons John the eighth palaiologos and", "jBHNth098W8-00009-00002596-00002829": "constantine xi pillai logos become", "jBHNth098W8-00010-00002830-00003131": "emperors manuel is commemorated on July", "jBHNth098W8-00011-00003132-00003690": "21st", "jBHNth098W8-00012-00003692-00004170": "topic life", "jBHNth098W8-00013-00004171-00004472": "man well ii palaiologos was the second", "jBHNth098W8-00014-00004473-00004713": "son of emperor john v palaiologos and", "jBHNth098W8-00015-00004714-00005022": "his wife Helena can tacos een granted", "jBHNth098W8-00016-00005023-00005247": "the title of despot a spy his father the", "jBHNth098W8-00017-00005248-00005486": "future man well ii traveled west to seek", "jBHNth098W8-00018-00005487-00005670": "support for the byzantine empire in", "jBHNth098W8-00019-00005671-00005864": "thirteen sixty five and in thirteen", "jBHNth098W8-00020-00005865-00006036": "seventy serving as governor in", "jBHNth098W8-00021-00006037-00006236": "thessalonica from thirteen sixty nine", "jBHNth098W8-00022-00006237-00006521": "the failed attempt at usurpation by his", "jBHNth098W8-00023-00006522-00006708": "older brother andronikos the fourth", "jBHNth098W8-00024-00006709-00007017": "palaiologos in 1373 led to Manuel's", "jBHNth098W8-00025-00007018-00007214": "being proclaimed air and co emperor of", "jBHNth098W8-00026-00007215-00007518": "his father in thirteen seventy six to", "jBHNth098W8-00027-00007519-00007779": "thirteen seventy nine and again in 1390", "jBHNth098W8-00028-00007780-00007970": "they were supplanted by Andronikos the", "jBHNth098W8-00029-00007972-00008156": "fourth and then his son John the seven", "jBHNth098W8-00030-00008158-00008349": "but Manuel personally defeated his", "jBHNth098W8-00031-00008350-00008516": "nephew with help from the Republic of", "jBHNth098W8-00032-00008517-00008826": "Venice in 1390 although John the fifth", "jBHNth098W8-00033-00008827-00009041": "had been restored Manuel was forced to", "jBHNth098W8-00034-00009042-00009243": "go as an honorary hostage to the court", "jBHNth098W8-00035-00009244-00009435": "of the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid the first", "jBHNth098W8-00036-00009436-00009756": "at Prusa bursa during his stay Manuel", "jBHNth098W8-00037-00009757-00009966": "was forced to participate in the Ottoman", "jBHNth098W8-00038-00009967-00010182": "campaign that reduced Philadelphia the", "jBHNth098W8-00039-00010183-00010438": "last Byzantine and clave in Anatolia", "jBHNth098W8-00040-00010439-00010646": "hearing of his father's death in", "jBHNth098W8-00041-00010647-00011021": "February 1391 manuel ii palaiologos fled", "jBHNth098W8-00042-00011022-00011178": "the ottoman court and secured the", "jBHNth098W8-00043-00011179-00011385": "capital against any potential claim by", "jBHNth098W8-00044-00011386-00011628": "his nephew john the seventh although", "jBHNth098W8-00045-00011629-00011838": "relations with john the seventh improved", "jBHNth098W8-00046-00011839-00012053": "Sultan Bayezid the first besieged", "jBHNth098W8-00047-00012054-00012503": "Constantinople from 1394 to 1402 after", "jBHNth098W8-00048-00012504-00012744": "some five years of siege manuel ii", "jBHNth098W8-00049-00012745-00012930": "entrusted the city to his nephew and", "jBHNth098W8-00050-00012931-00013106": "embarked along with a suite of forty", "jBHNth098W8-00051-00013107-00013299": "people on a long trip abroad to seek", "jBHNth098W8-00052-00013300-00013455": "assistance against the ottoman empire", "jBHNth098W8-00053-00013456-00013608": "from the courts of western europe", "jBHNth098W8-00054-00013609-00013821": "including those of Henry the fourth of", "jBHNth098W8-00055-00013822-00014010": "England making him the only Byzantine", "jBHNth098W8-00056-00014011-00014187": "Emperor ever to visit England he was", "jBHNth098W8-00057-00014188-00014456": "welcomed from December 1400 to January", "jBHNth098W8-00058-00014457-00014724": "14 oh one at Eltham Palace and a joust", "jBHNth098W8-00059-00014725-00014862": "took place in his honor", "jBHNth098W8-00060-00014863-00015053": "Charles the sixth of France Sigismund", "jBHNth098W8-00061-00015054-00015281": "the Holy Roman Emperor Queen Margaret", "jBHNth098W8-00062-00015282-00015477": "the first of Denmark in King Martin of", "jBHNth098W8-00063-00015478-00015846": "Aragon in 1399 the French King Charles", "jBHNth098W8-00064-00015847-00016065": "the sixth sent marshal Jean Lemann gray", "jBHNth098W8-00065-00016066-00016371": "with six ships carrying 1200 men from", "jBHNth098W8-00066-00016372-00016605": "Agnew's mortes to Constantinople later", "jBHNth098W8-00067-00016606-00016875": "300 men under señor Jean - a demur and", "jBHNth098W8-00068-00016876-00017037": "remained to defend the city against", "jBHNth098W8-00069-00017038-00017340": "Bayezid meanwhile an anti Ottoman", "jBHNth098W8-00070-00017341-00017565": "crusade led by the Hungarian King", "jBHNth098W8-00071-00017566-00017754": "and of Luxembourg failed at the Battle", "jBHNth098W8-00072-00017755-00018033": "of Nicopolis on the 25th of September 13", "jBHNth098W8-00073-00018034-00018210": "96 but the ottomans were themselves", "jBHNth098W8-00074-00018211-00018432": "crushingly defeated by timur at the", "jBHNth098W8-00075-00018433-00018831": "battle of ankara in 1402 manuel ii had", "jBHNth098W8-00076-00018832-00019032": "sent ten ships to help in the crusade of", "jBHNth098W8-00077-00019033-00019326": "Nicopolis as the sons of Bayezid I", "jBHNth098W8-00078-00019327-00019467": "struggled with each other over the", "jBHNth098W8-00079-00019468-00019635": "succession in the Ottoman interregnum", "jBHNth098W8-00080-00019636-00019848": "John the seventh was able to secure the", "jBHNth098W8-00081-00019849-00020040": "return of the European coast of the Sea", "jBHNth098W8-00082-00020041-00020241": "of Marmara and of Thessalonika to the", "jBHNth098W8-00083-00020242-00020394": "Byzantine Empire in the Treaty of", "jBHNth098W8-00084-00020395-00020709": "Gallipoli when manuel ii returned home", "jBHNth098W8-00085-00020710-00020985": "in 1403 his nephew duly surrendered", "jBHNth098W8-00086-00020986-00021198": "control of constantinople and received", "jBHNth098W8-00087-00021199-00021393": "as a reward the governorship of newly", "jBHNth098W8-00088-00021394-00021660": "recovered Thessalonica the treaty also", "jBHNth098W8-00089-00021661-00021861": "regained from the ottomans knees bar", "jBHNth098W8-00090-00021862-00022401": "14:03 to 1453 Varna 14:03 to 1415 and", "jBHNth098W8-00091-00022402-00022602": "the Marmara coast from Scutari tunica", "jBHNth098W8-00092-00022603-00023094": "media between 1403 to 14 21 on the 25th", "jBHNth098W8-00093-00023095-00023388": "of July 1414 with a fleet consisting of", "jBHNth098W8-00094-00023389-00023568": "four galleys and two other vessels", "jBHNth098W8-00095-00023569-00023757": "carrying contingents of infantry and", "jBHNth098W8-00096-00023758-00023979": "cavalry departed Constantinople for", "jBHNth098W8-00097-00023980-00024240": "Thessalonica the purpose of this force", "jBHNth098W8-00098-00024241-00024417": "soon became clear when he made an", "jBHNth098W8-00099-00024418-00024639": "unannounced stop at vasos a normally", "jBHNth098W8-00100-00024640-00024825": "unimportant island which was then under", "jBHNth098W8-00101-00024826-00025011": "threat from a son of the lord of lesbos", "jBHNth098W8-00102-00025012-00025191": "francesco Gatto Lucia", "jBHNth098W8-00103-00025192-00025458": "it took Manuel three months to reassert", "jBHNth098W8-00104-00025459-00025737": "imperial authority on the island only", "jBHNth098W8-00105-00025738-00025911": "then did he continue on to Thessalonica", "jBHNth098W8-00106-00025912-00026180": "where he was warmly met by Andronicus in", "jBHNth098W8-00107-00026181-00026445": "the spring of 1415", "jBHNth098W8-00108-00026445-00026589": "he and his soldiers left for the", "jBHNth098W8-00109-00026589-00026783": "Peloponnese arriving at the little port", "jBHNth098W8-00110-00026785-00027006": "of ken tree on Good Friday the 29th of", "jBHNth098W8-00111-00027007-00027348": "March manuel ii palaiologos used his", "jBHNth098W8-00112-00027349-00027527": "time there to bolster the defenses of", "jBHNth098W8-00113-00027529-00027689": "the despot eight of Moorea where the", "jBHNth098W8-00114-00027691-00027914": "Byzantine Empire was actually expanding", "jBHNth098W8-00115-00027916-00028064": "at the expense of the remnants of the", "jBHNth098W8-00116-00028066-00028380": "Latin Empire here manuel supervised the", "jBHNth098W8-00117-00028381-00028566": "building of the hexa million six mile", "jBHNth098W8-00118-00028567-00028733": "wall across the isthmus of corinth", "jBHNth098W8-00119-00028735-00028941": "intended to defend the Peloponnese from", "jBHNth098W8-00120-00028942-00029283": "the ottomans manuel ii stood on friendly", "jBHNth098W8-00121-00029283-00029460": "terms with the victor in the Ottoman", "jBHNth098W8-00122-00029461-00029829": "civil war Mehmed the first 1402 - 14 21", "jBHNth098W8-00123-00029830-00030036": "but his attempts to meddle in the next", "jBHNth098W8-00124-00030037-00030225": "contested succession led to a new", "jBHNth098W8-00125-00030226-00030519": "assault on Constantinople by Murad 2:14", "jBHNth098W8-00126-00030520-00030911": "21 - 1451 in 1422", "jBHNth098W8-00127-00030912-00031148": "during the last years of his life Manuel", "jBHNth098W8-00128-00031149-00031388": "ii relinquished most official duties to", "jBHNth098W8-00129-00031389-00031535": "his son and heir john the eighth", "jBHNth098W8-00130-00031536-00031632": "palaiologos", "jBHNth098W8-00131-00031633-00031811": "and went back to europe searching for", "jBHNth098W8-00132-00031812-00031991": "assistance against the ottomans this", "jBHNth098W8-00133-00031992-00032174": "time to the king sigismund of hungary", "jBHNth098W8-00134-00032175-00032366": "staying for two months in his court of", "jBHNth098W8-00135-00032367-00032633": "Buda Sigismund after suffering a defeat", "jBHNth098W8-00136-00032634-00032819": "against the Turks in the Battle of", "jBHNth098W8-00137-00032820-00033122": "Nicopolis in 1396 never rejected the", "jBHNth098W8-00138-00033123-00033293": "possibility of fighting against the", "jBHNth098W8-00139-00033294-00033572": "Ottoman Empire however with the hussite", "jBHNth098W8-00140-00033573-00033804": "wars in Bohemia it was impossible to", "jBHNth098W8-00141-00033805-00033986": "count on the Czech or German armies and", "jBHNth098W8-00142-00033987-00034139": "the Hungarian ones were needed to", "jBHNth098W8-00143-00034140-00034304": "protect the kingdom and control the", "jBHNth098W8-00144-00034305-00034595": "religious conflicts unhappily Manuel", "jBHNth098W8-00145-00034596-00034775": "returned home with empty hands from the", "jBHNth098W8-00146-00034776-00035079": "Hungarian Kingdom and in 1424 he and his", "jBHNth098W8-00147-00035080-00035279": "son were forced to sign an unfavourable", "jBHNth098W8-00148-00035280-00035435": "peace treaty with the Ottoman Turks", "jBHNth098W8-00149-00035436-00035654": "whereby the Byzantine Empire had to pay", "jBHNth098W8-00150-00035655-00035966": "tribute to the Sultan manuel ii died on", "jBHNth098W8-00151-00035967-00036452": "the 21st of july 1425 manuel ii was the", "jBHNth098W8-00152-00036453-00036623": "author of numerous works of varied", "jBHNth098W8-00153-00036624-00036845": "character including letters poems a", "jBHNth098W8-00154-00036846-00037076": "saints life treatises on theology and", "jBHNth098W8-00155-00037077-00037268": "rhetoric and an epitaph for his brother", "jBHNth098W8-00156-00037269-00037485": "theodore the first Pelayo logos and a", "jBHNth098W8-00157-00037486-00037667": "mirror of prince for his son and heir yo", "jBHNth098W8-00158-00037668-00037704": "ANNs", "jBHNth098W8-00159-00037705-00037991": "this mirror of prince has special value", "jBHNth098W8-00160-00037992-00038177": "because it is the last sample of this", "jBHNth098W8-00161-00038178-00038342": "literary genre bequeathed to us by", "jBHNth098W8-00162-00038343-00038932": "Byzantines", "jBHNth098W8-00163-00038933-00039434": "topic family", "jBHNth098W8-00164-00039435-00039683": "by his wife Helena draaga's the daughter", "jBHNth098W8-00165-00039684-00039866": "of the Serbian Prince Konstantin", "jBHNth098W8-00166-00039867-00040121": "draaga's manuel ii palaiologos had", "jBHNth098W8-00167-00040122-00040438": "several children including a daughter", "jBHNth098W8-00168-00040439-00040673": "mentioned as the eldest daughter but not", "jBHNth098W8-00169-00040674-00040928": "named possibly confused with Isabella", "jBHNth098W8-00170-00040929-00041030": "Palala Gina", "jBHNth098W8-00171-00041031-00041216": "an illegitimate daughter of men well the", "jBHNth098W8-00172-00041217-00041378": "second known to have married ilaria", "jBHNth098W8-00173-00041379-00041494": "Doria", "jBHNth098W8-00174-00041495-00041978": "Konstantin pelayo logo's born CA 1393", "jBHNth098W8-00175-00041979-00042310": "eighths died before 1405 in Monemvasia", "jBHNth098W8-00176-00042311-00042611": "John the eighth palaiologos the 18th of", "jBHNth098W8-00177-00042612-00042928": "December 1392 to the 31st of October", "jBHNth098W8-00178-00042929-00043528": "1448 Byzantine Emperor 1425 to 1448", "jBHNth098W8-00179-00043529-00043775": "Andronikos palaiologos Lord of", "jBHNth098W8-00180-00043776-00044183": "Thessalonica D 1429 a second daughter", "jBHNth098W8-00181-00044184-00044588": "also not named in the text theodore ii", "jBHNth098W8-00182-00044589-00045065": "palaiologos lord of moria d 1448 michael", "jBHNth098W8-00183-00045066-00045605": "Pelayo logos born 1400 6/7 died 1409", "jBHNth098W8-00184-00045606-00045932": "tenths of the play constantine xi", "jBHNth098W8-00185-00045933-00046130": "draaga's is palaiologos the 8th of", "jBHNth098W8-00186-00046131-00046555": "february 1405 to the 29th of may 1453", "jBHNth098W8-00187-00046556-00046838": "despot a's in the Moria and subsequently", "jBHNth098W8-00188-00046839-00047305": "the last Byzantine Emperor 1448 to 1453", "jBHNth098W8-00189-00047306-00047744": "Demetrios palaiologos C 1407 to 1470", "jBHNth098W8-00190-00047745-00048062": "despot A's in the Morea thomas", "jBHNth098W8-00191-00048063-00048514": "palaiologos c 1409 to 12 may 14 65", "jBHNth098W8-00192-00048515-00049158": "despot A's in the Marea", "jBHNth098W8-00193-00049159-00049674": "topic Anne's history", "jBHNth098W8-00194-00049675-00050041": "you", "jBHNth098W8-00195-00050042-00050330": "topic Pope Benedict the sixteenth", "jBHNth098W8-00196-00050331-00050767": "controversy", "jBHNth098W8-00197-00050768-00050980": "in a lecture delivered on the 12th of", "jBHNth098W8-00198-00050981-00051337": "September 2006 pope benedict xvi quoted", "jBHNth098W8-00199-00051338-00051480": "from a dialogue believed to have", "jBHNth098W8-00200-00051482-00051792": "occurred in 1391 between manuel ii and a", "jBHNth098W8-00201-00051794-00051994": "persian scholar and recorded in a book", "jBHNth098W8-00202-00051995-00052341": "by manuel ii dialogue 7 of 26 dialogues", "jBHNth098W8-00203-00052342-00052510": "with a persian in which the emperor", "jBHNth098W8-00204-00052511-00052741": "stated show me just what muhammad", "jBHNth098W8-00205-00052741-00052915": "brought that was new and there you will", "jBHNth098W8-00206-00052916-00053188": "find things only evil and inhuman such", "jBHNth098W8-00207-00053189-00053350": "as his command to spread by the sword", "jBHNth098W8-00208-00053351-00053695": "the faith he preached some muslims were", "jBHNth098W8-00209-00053696-00053880": "offended by this characterization of", "jBHNth098W8-00210-00053882-00054088": "muhammad and many protested against it", "jBHNth098W8-00211-00054089-00054349": "for others it may simply have been false", "jBHNth098W8-00212-00054350-00054544": "indignation or the assumption of offense", "jBHNth098W8-00213-00054545-00054889": "by non-muslims in his book men well ii", "jBHNth098W8-00214-00054890-00055075": "then continues claiming that god is not", "jBHNth098W8-00215-00055076-00055251": "pleased by blood and not acting", "jBHNth098W8-00216-00055252-00055465": "reasonably is contrary to god's nature", "jBHNth098W8-00217-00055466-00055716": "faith is born of the soul not the body", "jBHNth098W8-00218-00055716-00055941": "whoever would lead someone to faith", "jBHNth098W8-00219-00055942-00056146": "needs the ability to speak well and to", "jBHNth098W8-00220-00056147-00056341": "reason properly without violence and", "jBHNth098W8-00221-00056341-00056682": "threats to convince a reasonable soul", "jBHNth098W8-00222-00056683-00056863": "when does not need a strong arm or", "jBHNth098W8-00223-00056864-00057082": "weapons of any kind or any other means", "jBHNth098W8-00224-00057083-00057822": "of threatening a person with death", "jBHNth098W8-00225-00057823-00058209": "topic see also", "jBHNth098W8-00226-00058210-00058357": "you", "jBHNth098W8-00227-00058358-00058729": "list of Byzantine emperors"}}, {"audio_id": "jBL02rNzeKg", "text": {"jBL02rNzeKg-00000-00001094-00001399": "okay I'm ready to begin so hello", "jBL02rNzeKg-00001-00001400-00001507": "everyone thank you for coming to my talk", "jBL02rNzeKg-00002-00001508-00001777": "I am Matthew and I may be telling you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00003-00001778-00001946": "for stories about recreational maths", "jBL02rNzeKg-00004-00001947-00002123": "this is kind of like for talks I've", "jBL02rNzeKg-00005-00002124-00002333": "given shorter events kind of crammed", "jBL02rNzeKg-00006-00002334-00002534": "together into one longer talk to keep", "jBL02rNzeKg-00007-00002535-00002668": "you entertained for a full half an hour", "jBL02rNzeKg-00008-00002669-00002926": "I'm safer still about me and so I am a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00009-00002927-00003166": "PhD shoot at UCL some of you might be", "jBL02rNzeKg-00010-00003167-00003299": "see me last time when I was just", "jBL02rNzeKg-00011-00003300-00003560": "starting my PhD are now two years in and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00012-00003561-00003869": "I work on on numeric analysis so I work", "jBL02rNzeKg-00013-00003870-00004186": "with PDS and so if you are interested in", "jBL02rNzeKg-00014-00004187-00004411": "acoustic or electric magnetics talk to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00015-00004412-00004588": "me afterwards I work on this bit of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00016-00004589-00004813": "software called Ben plus plus which is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00017-00004814-00004949": "really nice we can do really cool 3d", "jBL02rNzeKg-00018-00004950-00005168": "simulations but in reality i spend most", "jBL02rNzeKg-00019-00005169-00005497": "of my time doing things like this where", "jBL02rNzeKg-00020-00005498-00006045": "I oh oh where I have simulated the an", "jBL02rNzeKg-00021-00006046-00006286": "electromagnetic wave bouncing off the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00022-00006287-00006503": "EMF camp logo because I didn't feel like", "jBL02rNzeKg-00023-00006504-00006817": "working that day um anyway on to the Don", "jBL02rNzeKg-00024-00006818-00006956": "to the point of stays talk so the first", "jBL02rNzeKg-00025-00006956-00007273": "story man tell you is about menace so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00026-00007275-00007528": "recently machine learning has been in", "jBL02rNzeKg-00027-00007529-00007730": "the news an awful lot with machines", "jBL02rNzeKg-00028-00007731-00008027": "finally beating go nice big talking", "jBL02rNzeKg-00029-00008028-00008207": "point but a lot of the time you don't", "jBL02rNzeKg-00030-00008208-00008366": "really get told how machine learning", "jBL02rNzeKg-00031-00008367-00008555": "actually works so I'm going to explain", "jBL02rNzeKg-00032-00008556-00008774": "to you one very simple aspect of machine", "jBL02rNzeKg-00033-00008775-00008989": "learning and tell you how to actually", "jBL02rNzeKg-00034-00008990-00009353": "teach a computer to learn something and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00035-00009354-00009535": "I'm going to talk it to explain it by", "jBL02rNzeKg-00036-00009536-00009677": "explaining the machine built in the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00037-00009678-00010001": "1960s by this man dhanin so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00038-00010002-00010181": "before the 60s he'd worked with Alan", "jBL02rNzeKg-00039-00010182-00010376": "Turing at Bletchley Park during the war", "jBL02rNzeKg-00040-00010377-00010621": "where we were two years ago but then", "jBL02rNzeKg-00041-00010622-00010805": "after the after that in the 60s he", "jBL02rNzeKg-00042-00010806-00010937": "became interested in biology and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00043-00010938-00011171": "machines and learning and he built a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00044-00011172-00011402": "machine called menace so this is a photo", "jBL02rNzeKg-00045-00011403-00011596": "of his machine menace and there are", "jBL02rNzeKg-00046-00011597-00011819": "three hundred and four match boxes and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00047-00011820-00012116": "which he has meticulously drawn noughts", "jBL02rNzeKg-00048-00012117-00012344": "and crosses arrangement on each one step", "jBL02rNzeKg-00049-00012345-00012499": "lip is a carbon each one I'm fill each", "jBL02rNzeKg-00050-00012500-00012802": "one with little tokens and i should say", "jBL02rNzeKg-00051-00012803-00013043": "many stands for machine educable noughts", "jBL02rNzeKg-00052-00013044-00013216": "and crosses engine", "jBL02rNzeKg-00053-00013218-00013538": "brilliant acronym um and this is his", "jBL02rNzeKg-00054-00013538-00013834": "machine which he he designed then it can", "jBL02rNzeKg-00055-00013835-00014056": "learn to play noughts and crosses and so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00056-00014057-00014197": "how it works I'm going to explain with", "jBL02rNzeKg-00057-00014198-00014594": "an example game so the Menace is going", "jBL02rNzeKg-00058-00014594-00014753": "to play as noughts and we're gonna play", "jBL02rNzeKg-00059-00014754-00015058": "as crosses so to start off we find the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00060-00015059-00015250": "box which has this bittinger on it so as", "jBL02rNzeKg-00061-00015251-00015475": "I said each box has a position drawn on", "jBL02rNzeKg-00062-00015476-00015728": "it and we find the box which has no", "jBL02rNzeKg-00063-00015729-00016006": "pants on it we shake this box we open", "jBL02rNzeKg-00064-00016007-00016237": "the box and we find a red token at the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00065-00016238-00016486": "front and a red token is code for going", "jBL02rNzeKg-00066-00016487-00016744": "here so menaces made his move now it's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00067-00016745-00017003": "my move and I decide to go here then", "jBL02rNzeKg-00068-00017004-00017164": "again it's menaces move so then we find", "jBL02rNzeKg-00069-00017165-00017417": "the box which has this designed run it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00070-00017418-00017603": "so it will be that box and we shouldn't", "jBL02rNzeKg-00071-00017604-00017872": "our box we open the box and we've had a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00072-00017873-00018092": "blue token and a blue token is code for", "jBL02rNzeKg-00073-00018093-00018409": "going here now it's my turn again I go", "jBL02rNzeKg-00074-00018410-00018631": "here I'm at this point quite happen for", "jBL02rNzeKg-00075-00018632-00018772": "myself I seem to be doing quite well I", "jBL02rNzeKg-00076-00018773-00018989": "miss menaces turn so I find the box", "jBL02rNzeKg-00077-00018990-00019303": "again with that on it shake the box open", "jBL02rNzeKg-00078-00019304-00019502": "the box and a green token the green", "jBL02rNzeKg-00079-00019503-00019762": "token is code for going here so it's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00080-00019763-00020036": "blocked me okay my move I'm now very", "jBL02rNzeKg-00081-00020037-00020305": "very happy with myself but again its", "jBL02rNzeKg-00082-00020306-00020581": "ministers turn I find that box shake the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00083-00020582-00020849": "box open it funny yellow token and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00084-00020850-00021058": "yellows code for going there and i go", "jBL02rNzeKg-00085-00021059-00021319": "there and i've won so this this is a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00086-00021320-00021464": "game which is early on before it's done", "jBL02rNzeKg-00087-00021465-00021634": "much learning it's not very good and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00088-00021635-00021817": "I've just destroyed up but here is where", "jBL02rNzeKg-00089-00021818-00021961": "the learning happens and this is how the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00090-00021962-00022261": "machine works I take that token out the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00091-00022262-00022628": "box which means this was probably a bad", "jBL02rNzeKg-00092-00022629-00022837": "move because it led to losing its now", "jBL02rNzeKg-00093-00022838-00023078": "less likely to do that I take that token", "jBL02rNzeKg-00094-00023079-00023281": "away it's less like to go there I take", "jBL02rNzeKg-00095-00023282-00023446": "these tokens away and it's less likely", "jBL02rNzeKg-00096-00023447-00023614": "to make the mistakes that made again and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00097-00023615-00023962": "if you play about 50 games against this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00098-00023963-00024149": "it gets pretty good at drawing with you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00099-00024150-00024343": "just buy that symp those simple", "jBL02rNzeKg-00100-00024344-00024640": "mechanics you should also um as well as", "jBL02rNzeKg-00101-00024641-00024949": "losing if you draw you add one bead and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00102-00024950-00025099": "if you win you had three beats so you're", "jBL02rNzeKg-00103-00025100-00025225": "kind of encouraging it to do more things", "jBL02rNzeKg-00104-00025226-00025411": "that led to winning discouraging it's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00105-00025412-00025717": "two things led from losing and this um", "jBL02rNzeKg-00106-00025718-00025967": "matchbox machine it actually does", "jBL02rNzeKg-00107-00025968-00026146": "particularly well so this is the graph", "jBL02rNzeKg-00108-00026147-00026420": "of Donald's tournament with it so we", "jBL02rNzeKg-00109-00026420-00026564": "spent a whole weekend playing too", "jBL02rNzeKg-00110-00026564-00026768": "in 40 games against this thing carefully", "jBL02rNzeKg-00111-00026769-00026995": "adding and taking away tokens and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00112-00026995-00027199": "plotting out what happened so this is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00113-00027200-00027485": "starting a zero here it is the change", "jBL02rNzeKg-00114-00027486-00027658": "and no of tokens he's got so you can see", "jBL02rNzeKg-00115-00027660-00027877": "it started off by losing lots games for", "jBL02rNzeKg-00116-00027878-00028114": "the amount tokens decreased and then it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00117-00028116-00028223": "got pretty good at learning here", "jBL02rNzeKg-00118-00028224-00028402": "increased and then each of these is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00119-00028403-00028687": "where he changed his strategy and so you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00120-00028688-00028823": "can see here he changed a new strategy", "jBL02rNzeKg-00121-00028824-00029006": "which you hadn't seen before so it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00122-00029007-00029162": "doesn't know how to win yet but after", "jBL02rNzeKg-00123-00029163-00029324": "about 20 games it picks up it's worked", "jBL02rNzeKg-00124-00029325-00029489": "out to be on that strategy and it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00125-00029489-00029825": "carries on like that so this is how to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00126-00029826-00030062": "teach 304 matchboxes how to play noughts", "jBL02rNzeKg-00127-00030063-00030277": "and crosses and if you want to play", "jBL02rNzeKg-00128-00030278-00030433": "against it you can go to this page on my", "jBL02rNzeKg-00129-00030435-00030593": "website where i built a JavaScript", "jBL02rNzeKg-00130-00030594-00030782": "version of it to save you the time of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00131-00030783-00031106": "building on yourself alternatively you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00132-00031107-00031235": "could go and build your own copy of it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00133-00031236-00031390": "which is what Oliver just here did when", "jBL02rNzeKg-00134-00031391-00031661": "i did this talk at ccc and he got his", "jBL02rNzeKg-00135-00031662-00031937": "match boxes printed all of these which", "jBL02rNzeKg-00136-00031938-00032075": "all have the positions in them fill it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00137-00032076-00032336": "all up mission lasercut brilliant box", "jBL02rNzeKg-00138-00032337-00032608": "for it um but if you have any ideas what", "jBL02rNzeKg-00139-00032609-00032786": "to do with them I'm sure he'd like to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00140-00032787-00032999": "hear from you because did you find", "jBL02rNzeKg-00141-00033000-00033467": "anything to do with them are nice so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00142-00033468-00033646": "he's approximated pi by dropping mom", "jBL02rNzeKg-00143-00033647-00033857": "parallel lines and because a large", "jBL02rNzeKg-00144-00033858-00033986": "number of straight sticks will do that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00145-00033987-00034325": "for you brilliant um right onto Story", "jBL02rNzeKg-00146-00034326-00034556": "number two this is about a Twitter bot I", "jBL02rNzeKg-00147-00034557-00034718": "created about two years ago called maths", "jBL02rNzeKg-00148-00034719-00034943": "logic bot which looks a little bit like", "jBL02rNzeKg-00149-00034944-00035221": "this so it says I to eat logical", "jBL02rNzeKg-00150-00035222-00035368": "tautologies i'm currently working my way", "jBL02rNzeKg-00151-00035369-00035555": "through propositional calculus you can", "jBL02rNzeKg-00152-00035556-00035786": "read her a book here and so it does", "jBL02rNzeKg-00153-00035787-00036005": "these brilliant really interesting", "jBL02rNzeKg-00154-00036006-00036208": "tweets like this i'm so i'm going to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00155-00036209-00036389": "explain to you what it mean by logical", "jBL02rNzeKg-00156-00036390-00036557": "dissolve total disease and propositional", "jBL02rNzeKg-00157-00036558-00036743": "calculus and what this but is actually", "jBL02rNzeKg-00158-00036744-00037130": "doing um so this is part o is just kind", "jBL02rNzeKg-00159-00037131-00037546": "of it probs is in calculus it's a form", "jBL02rNzeKg-00160-00037547-00037805": "of formal logic in maths so it's a way", "jBL02rNzeKg-00161-00037806-00038012": "of writing sentences and then analyzing", "jBL02rNzeKg-00162-00038013-00038174": "these and analyzing the system of logic", "jBL02rNzeKg-00163-00038175-00038420": "itself rather than using logic to prove", "jBL02rNzeKg-00164-00038421-00038627": "things and so you build up these", "jBL02rNzeKg-00165-00038628-00038827": "sentences in it from certain symbols and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00166-00038828-00039017": "these are the symbols we're allowed to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00167-00039018-00039224": "use so well as use variable so I'm going", "jBL02rNzeKg-00168-00039225-00039473": "to lose the letters A to Z and then", "jBL02rNzeKg-00169-00039474-00039605": "carry on with Greek letters if I need", "jBL02rNzeKg-00170-00039606-00039722": "anymore", "jBL02rNzeKg-00171-00039723-00039860": "as variable so they can be things which", "jBL02rNzeKg-00172-00039861-00040109": "are set to be either true or false i'm", "jBL02rNzeKg-00173-00040110-00040598": "going to use not so this symbol like", "jBL02rNzeKg-00174-00040599-00041101": "that means not this symbol means implies", "jBL02rNzeKg-00175-00041102-00041396": "this symbol means if no lift or it was", "jBL02rNzeKg-00176-00041397-00041648": "kinda like is equal to this is and and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00177-00041649-00041822": "this is all and I'm gonna use brackets", "jBL02rNzeKg-00178-00041823-00042041": "and these are the only symbols I'm", "jBL02rNzeKg-00179-00042042-00042353": "allowed to use in this story and their", "jBL02rNzeKg-00180-00042354-00042494": "help you down the side the slide if you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00181-00042495-00042731": "need to look up what they mean and fund", "jBL02rNzeKg-00182-00042732-00042857": "these symbols we're allowed to cool", "jBL02rNzeKg-00183-00042858-00043085": "we're not build what I call formula and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00184-00043086-00043253": "these are kind of strings of symbols", "jBL02rNzeKg-00185-00043254-00043409": "that make sense together so obviously", "jBL02rNzeKg-00186-00043410-00043622": "you can't have like three open brackets", "jBL02rNzeKg-00187-00043623-00043826": "because that is nonsense it doesn't work", "jBL02rNzeKg-00188-00043827-00044000": "so we have rules we're allowed to build", "jBL02rNzeKg-00189-00044001-00044171": "formal in those three rules and the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00190-00044172-00044315": "first rule is that every variables are", "jBL02rNzeKg-00191-00044316-00044630": "formula the second rule is that if I've", "jBL02rNzeKg-00192-00044631-00044921": "got formula then doing not that formula", "jBL02rNzeKg-00193-00044922-00045194": "that's still a formula and if I've got", "jBL02rNzeKg-00194-00045195-00045431": "two formulae then I can put any of these", "jBL02rNzeKg-00195-00045432-00045565": "between them and wrap them in brackets", "jBL02rNzeKg-00196-00045566-00045929": "so for example a is a formula because of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00197-00045930-00046283": "rule 1 a implies a is informally because", "jBL02rNzeKg-00198-00046284-00046475": "of rule 3 because I've taken two copies", "jBL02rNzeKg-00199-00046476-00046646": "of that one and put an arrow between", "jBL02rNzeKg-00200-00046647-00047186": "them that is a formula by B is a formula", "jBL02rNzeKg-00201-00047187-00047336": "by the top one this is a formula then", "jBL02rNzeKg-00202-00047337-00047474": "put them together by the third will you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00203-00047475-00047774": "get that and lots of uglier things like", "jBL02rNzeKg-00204-00047775-00047891": "that formulas you can kind of combine", "jBL02rNzeKg-00205-00047892-00048086": "these symbols it doesn't really matter", "jBL02rNzeKg-00206-00048087-00048335": "what they mean but they make sense", "jBL02rNzeKg-00207-00048336-00048569": "because if you read them out as using", "jBL02rNzeKg-00208-00048570-00048824": "these this you have like a implies a B", "jBL02rNzeKg-00209-00048825-00049067": "if and only if a implies a so these are", "jBL02rNzeKg-00210-00049068-00049199": "things that can make sense and you can", "jBL02rNzeKg-00211-00049200-00049481": "work out kind of the truth of the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00212-00049482-00049751": "sentence and so what the bot is doing is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00213-00049752-00049904": "its tweeting the tautologies and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00214-00049905-00050269": "tautologies our formulae that are true", "jBL02rNzeKg-00215-00050270-00050521": "whatever the values of the variables um", "jBL02rNzeKg-00216-00050522-00050966": "for example a or not a and because if a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00217-00050967-00051240": "is true then that says true or not true", "jBL02rNzeKg-00218-00051241-00051485": "so in true or not true is like true or", "jBL02rNzeKg-00219-00051486-00051695": "false and like one of true and false is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00220-00051696-00051911": "true and if it is false it says false or", "jBL02rNzeKg-00221-00051912-00052061": "not false so there's like false or true", "jBL02rNzeKg-00222-00052062-00052255": "and so it makes sense it's going to be", "jBL02rNzeKg-00223-00052257-00052424": "like to be or not to be one of them has", "jBL02rNzeKg-00224-00052425-00052763": "to be true um similarly a if and only if", "jBL02rNzeKg-00225-00052764-00052909": "a is true because", "jBL02rNzeKg-00226-00052910-00053124": "if a native is very similar to the equal", "jBL02rNzeKg-00227-00053125-00053304": "sign so sunlight well of course a is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00228-00053305-00053512": "equal to a that's a toilet otology", "jBL02rNzeKg-00229-00053513-00053913": "however a and B is not a tautology", "jBL02rNzeKg-00230-00053914-00054178": "because if a and B are both false then", "jBL02rNzeKg-00231-00054179-00054298": "that's obviously not going to become out", "jBL02rNzeKg-00232-00054299-00054657": "true so that is not a tautology so we're", "jBL02rNzeKg-00233-00054658-00054801": "just interested in the sentences in this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00234-00054802-00055038": "language that are true whatever we do", "jBL02rNzeKg-00235-00055039-00055425": "with these variables okay so i decided", "jBL02rNzeKg-00236-00055426-00055680": "to try and make a twitter but that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00237-00055681-00055875": "tweets all of these that less than 140", "jBL02rNzeKg-00238-00055876-00056151": "characters long so very briefly how this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00239-00056152-00056422": "works is I started by running through", "jBL02rNzeKg-00240-00056423-00056641": "all possible strings of symbols and so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00241-00056641-00056854": "forgetting about formally for now just", "jBL02rNzeKg-00242-00056854-00056988": "run if you like this so I did all the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00243-00056989-00057196": "strings which are one character long", "jBL02rNzeKg-00244-00057197-00057291": "then start with on the ones two", "jBL02rNzeKg-00245-00057292-00057496": "characters long and so on and so on and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00246-00057497-00057841": "so on and then for each of these I first", "jBL02rNzeKg-00247-00057841-00058080": "check that it's actually a formula and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00248-00058081-00058228": "so at this point I can get rid of almost", "jBL02rNzeKg-00249-00058229-00058416": "everything on the board because one and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00250-00058417-00058528": "two count along things are almost", "jBL02rNzeKg-00251-00058529-00058828": "certainly not formula so once I've got", "jBL02rNzeKg-00252-00058829-00058980": "that so I'm running through all the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00253-00058981-00059124": "formula and checking their valid and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00254-00059125-00059329": "then I try all the different truth", "jBL02rNzeKg-00255-00059329-00059560": "assignments so for the first one if a I", "jBL02rNzeKg-00256-00059561-00059797": "try if a is false is it is it false if a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00257-00059798-00059986": "is true is it true and if it is always", "jBL02rNzeKg-00258-00059987-00060253": "true I tweet it and you get lovely", "jBL02rNzeKg-00259-00060254-00060421": "tweets like this so this is one the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00260-00060422-00060726": "tautology did back in April which i'm", "jBL02rNzeKg-00261-00060727-00060841": "not going to attempt to read out now but", "jBL02rNzeKg-00262-00060841-00060987": "you can believe me that that is always", "jBL02rNzeKg-00263-00060988-00061104": "going to be true whatever the values of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00264-00061105-00061344": "a and B and maybe consider my friends", "jBL02rNzeKg-00265-00061345-00061626": "and work out why brilliantly for a while", "jBL02rNzeKg-00266-00061627-00061837": "Twitter had this automatic translate", "jBL02rNzeKg-00267-00061838-00062053": "function here so if you clicked on that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00268-00062054-00062304": "and brilliantly it realized it was in", "jBL02rNzeKg-00269-00062305-00062446": "Hungarian was water and what was", "jBL02rNzeKg-00270-00062447-00062706": "actually trying to say was the ROA and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00271-00062707-00062931": "and all that garbage which was very", "jBL02rNzeKg-00272-00062932-00063129": "helpful of Twitter and they've got rid", "jBL02rNzeKg-00273-00063130-00063387": "of that feature now for I don't know", "jBL02rNzeKg-00274-00063388-00063705": "parent reason okay so the first 18", "jBL02rNzeKg-00275-00063706-00063975": "tautologies are these and so there's a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00276-00063976-00064099": "view I've been through there they seem", "jBL02rNzeKg-00277-00064100-00064293": "pretty reasonable the first ones like a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00278-00064294-00064530": "is the same as a if a is true than a is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00279-00064531-00064903": "true either a or not a a true or a or", "jBL02rNzeKg-00280-00064904-00065383": "not a true and then some more and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00281-00065384-00065644": "at this point I began to wonder how many", "jBL02rNzeKg-00282-00065645-00065797": "tautologies that were going to be of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00283-00065798-00065977": "each length so you can see that there's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00284-00065978-00066235": "two that have five characters there's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00285-00066236-00066496": "two that have six characters there's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00286-00066497-00066592": "quite a lot more that have seven", "jBL02rNzeKg-00287-00066593-00066733": "characters there's more that have is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00288-00066734-00066934": "many characters and I started wondering", "jBL02rNzeKg-00289-00066935-00067117": "what this sequence of the number of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00290-00067118-00067345": "tautologies would look like so I added", "jBL02rNzeKg-00291-00067346-00067459": "it to the online encyclopedia vinter", "jBL02rNzeKg-00292-00067460-00067645": "sequences which if you haven't heard of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00293-00067646-00067777": "it it's a really really great online", "jBL02rNzeKg-00294-00067778-00068008": "tool if you're ever trying to solve some", "jBL02rNzeKg-00295-00068009-00068185": "problems like and do my PhD it comes up", "jBL02rNzeKg-00296-00068186-00068380": "a lot you get some numbers coming out", "jBL02rNzeKg-00297-00068381-00068485": "you type in there and you can almost", "jBL02rNzeKg-00298-00068486-00068638": "certainly find out what the sequences", "jBL02rNzeKg-00299-00068639-00069013": "and loads of links to facts about it so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00300-00069014-00069208": "this sequence I was I started one trying", "jBL02rNzeKg-00301-00069209-00069319": "to think about some properties the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00302-00069320-00069628": "sequence might have and I realize a few", "jBL02rNzeKg-00303-00069629-00069805": "things and firstly if you've got", "jBL02rNzeKg-00304-00069806-00070171": "tautology then notnot that tautology is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00305-00070172-00070363": "also a tautology so like if something's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00306-00070364-00070651": "true then notnot that thing must also be", "jBL02rNzeKg-00307-00070652-00070801": "true because they're not kind of cancel", "jBL02rNzeKg-00308-00070802-00071044": "each other out which means the number of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00309-00071045-00071236": "tautologies have length n plus 2 is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00310-00071237-00071422": "going to be big of a number of tautology", "jBL02rNzeKg-00311-00071423-00071608": "of length n because very Joe told you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00312-00071609-00071785": "back then we can make another one with", "jBL02rNzeKg-00313-00071786-00071941": "two knots in front so it's got to be", "jBL02rNzeKg-00314-00071942-00072097": "more of them that two strings symbols", "jBL02rNzeKg-00315-00072098-00072310": "longer similarly you can get lots of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00316-00072311-00072430": "situation like this where you've got to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00317-00072431-00072673": "tell g and you say something doesn't", "jBL02rNzeKg-00318-00072674-00072847": "matter or this thing which we know is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00319-00072848-00073132": "always true and so you get that the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00320-00073133-00073384": "number of total users let m plus 4 has", "jBL02rNzeKg-00321-00073385-00073534": "also got to be bigger the number of 12", "jBL02rNzeKg-00322-00073535-00073840": "colleges of length n um so it looks like", "jBL02rNzeKg-00323-00073841-00074104": "as we get these the strings longer and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00324-00074105-00074248": "longer we're going to be getting more", "jBL02rNzeKg-00325-00074249-00074518": "and more tautologies so i made the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00326-00074519-00074728": "conjecture that it's going to be", "jBL02rNzeKg-00327-00074729-00074968": "increasing so whenever we have a another", "jBL02rNzeKg-00328-00074969-00075082": "character we're going to get more", "jBL02rNzeKg-00329-00075083-00075376": "tautologies but it turns out it's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00330-00075377-00075517": "completely not true because the next one", "jBL02rNzeKg-00331-00075518-00075814": "is six so already it decreases but", "jBL02rNzeKg-00332-00075815-00076270": "carrying on from there we get 57 88 370", "jBL02rNzeKg-00333-00076271-00076792": "35 and 50 for 2086 and so on and so it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00334-00076793-00077125": "looks like maybe that sticks is just a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00335-00077126-00077335": "weird blip because our number of symbols", "jBL02rNzeKg-00336-00077336-00077536": "is quite short and maybe it does", "jBL02rNzeKg-00337-00077537-00077803": "increase forever um so my modified", "jBL02rNzeKg-00338-00077804-00078012": "conjecture is for n bigger than eight", "jBL02rNzeKg-00339-00078013-00078289": "it's going to be increasing but I have", "jBL02rNzeKg-00340-00078290-00078687": "no idea if this is true or not and no", "jBL02rNzeKg-00341-00078688-00078846": "real idea how to prove this so if anyone", "jBL02rNzeKg-00342-00078847-00079041": "has any ideas I'd love to talk to offers", "jBL02rNzeKg-00343-00079042-00079248": "about how we might go about seeing if", "jBL02rNzeKg-00344-00079249-00079638": "this is true or not brilliant okay my", "jBL02rNzeKg-00345-00079639-00079956": "third story I'm doing great for time is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00346-00079957-00080268": "about optimal pac-man um so this is my", "jBL02rNzeKg-00347-00080269-00080409": "di ahead at the last year math camp when", "jBL02rNzeKg-00348-00080410-00080688": "I was in the arcade tent I was playing", "jBL02rNzeKg-00349-00080689-00080976": "pacman and I got to wondering which", "jBL02rNzeKg-00350-00080977-00081111": "route I should actually take on Pacman", "jBL02rNzeKg-00351-00081112-00081360": "because it's not obvious what's where's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00352-00081361-00081542": "the best direction to go at all points", "jBL02rNzeKg-00353-00081543-00081849": "and this one I got them to sink down a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00354-00081850-00081963": "few weeks afterwards and working out", "jBL02rNzeKg-00355-00081964-00082134": "what I should do impact man so I was", "jBL02rNzeKg-00356-00082135-00082275": "ready to come here and be better at pac", "jBL02rNzeKg-00357-00082276-00082587": "man I it reminded me of some quite a few", "jBL02rNzeKg-00358-00082588-00082746": "problems and there's some bits of matter", "jBL02rNzeKg-00359-00082747-00082941": "used so the first problem it reminded me", "jBL02rNzeKg-00360-00082942-00083295": "of is oh I just say pac-man Your Honor", "jBL02rNzeKg-00361-00083296-00083460": "what pack 1 is that so can be skipped", "jBL02rNzeKg-00362-00083461-00083646": "and so this is the map you've got here", "jBL02rNzeKg-00363-00083647-00083799": "and find the route in this is the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00364-00083800-00084009": "difficult question I was thinking about", "jBL02rNzeKg-00365-00084010-00084132": "I don't mind to move this problem the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00366-00084133-00084309": "seven bridges have kellys by problem so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00367-00084310-00084636": "this is a problem from the 1700s which", "jBL02rNzeKg-00368-00084637-00084780": "was solved by this man leonhard euler", "jBL02rNzeKg-00369-00084781-00085101": "and led to the whole creation of the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00370-00085102-00085380": "field of graph theory and this is a map", "jBL02rNzeKg-00371-00085381-00085554": "of coningsburgh which is not for a while", "jBL02rNzeKg-00372-00085555-00085725": "drunk to direct myself where you had", "jBL02rNzeKg-00373-00085726-00085977": "this term with four Islands and these", "jBL02rNzeKg-00374-00085978-00086151": "seven bridges going between the islands", "jBL02rNzeKg-00375-00086152-00086355": "and the town's folk of canonsburg used", "jBL02rNzeKg-00376-00086356-00086508": "to play a really fun game where they'd", "jBL02rNzeKg-00377-00086509-00086742": "walk around these islands and try and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00378-00086743-00086982": "cross each bridge once and exactly once", "jBL02rNzeKg-00379-00086983-00087207": "so if example you go over there and keep", "jBL02rNzeKg-00380-00087208-00087543": "going around this way and you're stuck", "jBL02rNzeKg-00381-00087544-00087723": "and you've missed a bridge so they", "jBL02rNzeKg-00382-00087724-00087933": "wanted to find a route to go over every", "jBL02rNzeKg-00383-00087934-00088086": "Bridge to see lots of the town but they", "jBL02rNzeKg-00384-00088087-00088185": "don't get back on themselves because", "jBL02rNzeKg-00385-00088186-00088380": "that's really boring and they found this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00386-00088381-00088593": "really really hard to do but kept trying", "jBL02rNzeKg-00387-00088594-00088809": "anyway until Leonhard Euler came along", "jBL02rNzeKg-00388-00088810-00088959": "and he worked out why they'd been", "jBL02rNzeKg-00389-00088960-00089190": "fighting so hard because in fact it was", "jBL02rNzeKg-00390-00089191-00089367": "impossible and he explained why this was", "jBL02rNzeKg-00391-00089368-00089583": "impossible and he did this first by", "jBL02rNzeKg-00392-00089584-00089856": "simplifying the map you've got down to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00393-00089857-00090204": "what he called a graph like this so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00394-00090205-00090414": "these are exactly the same diagrams but", "jBL02rNzeKg-00395-00090415-00090546": "here I've kind of shrunk you trying down", "jBL02rNzeKg-00396-00090547-00090738": "to a dot I just put lines in because we", "jBL02rNzeKg-00397-00090739-00090870": "really we don't care what the map looks", "jBL02rNzeKg-00398-00090871-00091092": "like we just care how the bridges", "jBL02rNzeKg-00399-00091093-00091266": "connect the islands and this is what", "jBL02rNzeKg-00400-00091267-00091457": "mathematicians confusingly call a graph", "jBL02rNzeKg-00401-00091458-00091716": "and not like the x and y-coordinates", "jBL02rNzeKg-00402-00091717-00091914": "things we call these graphs", "jBL02rNzeKg-00403-00091915-00092277": "um and then he had a that the real", "jBL02rNzeKg-00404-00092278-00092462": "important thing he noticed here was that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00405-00092463-00092658": "so we're trying to look for a root which", "jBL02rNzeKg-00406-00092659-00092991": "goes at all these bridges once but to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00407-00092992-00093159": "find that route if you think about", "jBL02rNzeKg-00408-00093160-00093357": "walking around this island if I'm", "jBL02rNzeKg-00409-00093358-00093468": "walking down here and all over this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00410-00093469-00093684": "island I need to leave this island again", "jBL02rNzeKg-00411-00093685-00093936": "and I need to leave this island again so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00412-00093937-00094068": "every time I come into one of these", "jBL02rNzeKg-00413-00094069-00094260": "islands I'm going to have to leave again", "jBL02rNzeKg-00414-00094261-00094584": "which means it's only possible through", "jBL02rNzeKg-00415-00094585-00094770": "this route if i compare at the edges", "jBL02rNzeKg-00416-00094771-00095037": "each vertex so here we're gonna have a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00417-00095038-00095184": "problem because if we come in on one and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00418-00095185-00095355": "go out of another we've got this water", "jBL02rNzeKg-00419-00095356-00095580": "one out which eventually with we coming", "jBL02rNzeKg-00420-00095581-00095874": "on here we're stuck so it turns up the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00421-00095875-00096105": "important thing about this problem that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00422-00096106-00096348": "he solve is that if you've got any edges", "jBL02rNzeKg-00423-00096349-00096552": "with an odd number of bridges sorry any", "jBL02rNzeKg-00424-00096553-00096693": "islands with an odd number of bridges", "jBL02rNzeKg-00425-00096694-00096936": "it's going to be impossible and so this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00426-00096937-00097113": "is impossible because you've got three", "jBL02rNzeKg-00427-00097114-00097290": "islands there three bridges there are", "jBL02rNzeKg-00428-00097291-00097455": "three bridges there three bridges there", "jBL02rNzeKg-00429-00097456-00097740": "and five bridges there so if we are", "jBL02rNzeKg-00430-00097741-00097935": "going to get stuck up so it's impossible", "jBL02rNzeKg-00431-00097936-00098409": "to find one of these routes okay so cool", "jBL02rNzeKg-00432-00098410-00098589": "we've done this with a 300 year old", "jBL02rNzeKg-00433-00098590-00098850": "problem how about pac-man so if you take", "jBL02rNzeKg-00434-00098851-00099237": "pac-man and make it into a graph you get", "jBL02rNzeKg-00435-00099238-00099438": "this graph here so I've just taken each", "jBL02rNzeKg-00436-00099439-00099720": "of the points where multiple roots meet", "jBL02rNzeKg-00437-00099721-00099960": "such as here and here I've made it into", "jBL02rNzeKg-00438-00099961-00100170": "one of these points and I've replaced", "jBL02rNzeKg-00439-00100171-00100338": "all of the curvy edges with lines", "jBL02rNzeKg-00440-00100339-00100542": "because I don't care about distances and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00441-00100543-00100716": "how its arranged I just care about how", "jBL02rNzeKg-00442-00100717-00100920": "things are connected and each of the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00443-00100921-00101180": "nodes in red have an odd number of edges", "jBL02rNzeKg-00444-00101181-00101400": "so we have a lot of odd number of edge", "jBL02rNzeKg-00445-00101401-00101820": "it up we have a lot of it we have loved", "jBL02rNzeKg-00446-00101821-00102021": "islands that have an odd number of edges", "jBL02rNzeKg-00447-00102022-00102237": "so we definitely can't do this without", "jBL02rNzeKg-00448-00102238-00102485": "looking back on ourselves so it's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00449-00102486-00102726": "impossible to complete pack man without", "jBL02rNzeKg-00450-00102727-00102990": "luton backing yourself which is not", "jBL02rNzeKg-00451-00102991-00103089": "surprising because if any of you have", "jBL02rNzeKg-00452-00103090-00103244": "played pac-man you will know it's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00453-00103245-00103353": "impossible to compete pack my own time", "jBL02rNzeKg-00454-00103354-00103518": "looking back in yourself because it's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00455-00103519-00103725": "you can't do it it's really hard to do", "jBL02rNzeKg-00456-00103726-00104111": "because it's impossible um so I've not", "jBL02rNzeKg-00457-00104113-00104214": "actually solved the problem yet though", "jBL02rNzeKg-00458-00104215-00104379": "so I've used this thread a dear old", "jBL02rNzeKg-00459-00104380-00104676": "thing and found that it's impossible so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00460-00104677-00104796": "we want to do something better now and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00461-00104797-00105006": "work out how should I be doing pac-man", "jBL02rNzeKg-00462-00105007-00105220": "given that I've got to do some repeating", "jBL02rNzeKg-00463-00105221-00105477": "so this is a different problem relate to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00464-00105478-00105607": "the vessel called the Chinese postman", "jBL02rNzeKg-00465-00105608-00105891": "problem where so the choice postman", "jBL02rNzeKg-00466-00105892-00106108": "problem is you've got postman who needs", "jBL02rNzeKg-00467-00106108-00106231": "to go down all of the roads to deliver", "jBL02rNzeKg-00468-00106232-00106413": "letters and he wants to do that by", "jBL02rNzeKg-00469-00106414-00106665": "walking the shortest impossible so it's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00470-00106666-00106866": "a slight extension of the last one like", "jBL02rNzeKg-00471-00106867-00107008": "instead of just like not going back in", "jBL02rNzeKg-00472-00107008-00107248": "yourself it's if you have to go back in", "jBL02rNzeKg-00473-00107249-00107422": "yourself what's the least amount of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00474-00107423-00107601": "going back in yourself that you have to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00475-00107602-00107788": "do and the way you can go about solving", "jBL02rNzeKg-00476-00107789-00108066": "this is that going back in yourself is a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00477-00108067-00108252": "bit like building a copy of the bridge", "jBL02rNzeKg-00478-00108253-00108483": "right next to the first bridge so for", "jBL02rNzeKg-00479-00108484-00108738": "example on königsberg you could imagine", "jBL02rNzeKg-00480-00108739-00108960": "two extra bridges there which are really", "jBL02rNzeKg-00481-00108961-00109123": "just repetitions of this bridge in this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00482-00109124-00109416": "bridge and now by adding these lines", "jBL02rNzeKg-00483-00109417-00109608": "everything has an even number of edges", "jBL02rNzeKg-00484-00109608-00109941": "and so I could do a room and this or I", "jBL02rNzeKg-00485-00109942-00110158": "could have added these edges here and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00486-00110158-00110281": "again made everything even all I could", "jBL02rNzeKg-00487-00110282-00110413": "have had those three edges there and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00488-00110414-00110802": "made everything even um and we're", "jBL02rNzeKg-00489-00110803-00110971": "interested in the shortest way of doing", "jBL02rNzeKg-00490-00110972-00111193": "this so looking at these three options", "jBL02rNzeKg-00491-00111194-00111463": "if we add up the total length of those", "jBL02rNzeKg-00492-00111464-00111706": "new bridges a DAT than 30 bridges and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00493-00111707-00111891": "add up the length of those three bridges", "jBL02rNzeKg-00494-00111892-00112083": "whichever those add up to the least", "jBL02rNzeKg-00495-00112083-00112306": "that's going to be the shortest way of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00496-00112307-00112507": "doing this path and going over all the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00497-00112508-00112710": "different bridges and so we need to look", "jBL02rNzeKg-00498-00112711-00112897": "at all the combinations of matching up", "jBL02rNzeKg-00499-00112898-00113257": "these odd edges for pac-man and it turns", "jBL02rNzeKg-00500-00113258-00113506": "out this is the shortest pairings for", "jBL02rNzeKg-00501-00113507-00113853": "pac-man and with this number of edges it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00502-00113854-00114031": "took my computer all night to solve this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00503-00114032-00114271": "because I'm as you add edges the number", "jBL02rNzeKg-00504-00114272-00114438": "of possible ways of pairing up in", "jBL02rNzeKg-00505-00114439-00114613": "greece's really really quickly so if", "jBL02rNzeKg-00506-00114614-00114763": "pac-man the pack my map was much bigger", "jBL02rNzeKg-00507-00114764-00114994": "this would be almost impossible to solve", "jBL02rNzeKg-00508-00114995-00115176": "because it gets out of hand really", "jBL02rNzeKg-00509-00115177-00115533": "really fast but looking for pac-man we", "jBL02rNzeKg-00510-00115534-00115756": "managed to do this so these are the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00511-00115757-00116038": "edges I want to repeat so I got very", "jBL02rNzeKg-00512-00116039-00116200": "good at pac man the day after work this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00513-00116201-00116409": "out and there should be some sound", "jBL02rNzeKg-00514-00116410-00116763": "coming on now this is my attempt to nut", "jBL02rNzeKg-00515-00116764-00117856": "pac-man", "jBL02rNzeKg-00516-00117857-00118140": "it's eerily quiet so I've repeated that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00517-00118141-00118766": "edge then I go around here", "jBL02rNzeKg-00518-00118767-00119030": "and I repeated that edge no I haven't", "jBL02rNzeKg-00519-00119031-00119156": "i've got him at once okay i have a piece", "jBL02rNzeKg-00520-00119157-00119468": "up on the edge there and i'm going at", "jBL02rNzeKg-00521-00119469-00119839": "the top so there's that edge repeated", "jBL02rNzeKg-00522-00119840-00120596": "that edge repeated and that one and that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00523-00120597-00120932": "one another one repeated so i need to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00524-00120933-00121325": "repeat that one down there next okay is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00525-00121326-00121613": "there and finally go back and fill in", "jBL02rNzeKg-00526-00121614-00121783": "the one I hadn't repeated over there and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00527-00121784-00122024": "that is the quick as possible way to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00528-00122025-00122911": "compete pac-man and of course then it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00529-00122913-00123020": "starts all over again I couldn't be", "jBL02rNzeKg-00530-00123021-00123122": "bothered to do it more than once in a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00531-00123123-00123488": "row so I stopped the video there okay so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00532-00123489-00123728": "my final story which is actually more of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00533-00123729-00123932": "a puzzle than the story so I thought", "jBL02rNzeKg-00534-00123933-00124055": "it'd be fun to send your way with", "jBL02rNzeKg-00535-00124056-00124175": "something to go and think about and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00536-00124176-00124433": "something to do so this is a few puzzles", "jBL02rNzeKg-00537-00124433-00124597": "I've been think about recently that I've", "jBL02rNzeKg-00538-00124598-00124820": "been working on I've got a few ideas how", "jBL02rNzeKg-00539-00124821-00124991": "to solve some of them and not others so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00540-00124992-00125081": "this is something to keep you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00541-00125082-00125260": "entertained this evening and when you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00542-00125261-00125408": "get bored of going to all the workshops", "jBL02rNzeKg-00543-00125408-00125549": "which will never happen because there's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00544-00125550-00125846": "so much to do here and so this is a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00545-00125847-00126010": "puzzle first of all taken from starting", "jBL02rNzeKg-00546-00126011-00126173": "points by banwell swords and tartar", "jBL02rNzeKg-00547-00126174-00126290": "which really good teaching book full of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00548-00126291-00126583": "kind of Investigatory maths and the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00549-00126584-00126782": "question in this book is um you take a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00550-00126783-00127004": "rectangle like this 4 by 3 rectangle", "jBL02rNzeKg-00551-00127005-00127277": "here and you fire a ball across at 45", "jBL02rNzeKg-00552-00127278-00127628": "degrees so that it goes down here", "jBL02rNzeKg-00553-00127629-00127814": "carries on bounces off the side and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00554-00127815-00128018": "carries on eventually it ends up in the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00555-00128019-00128213": "top right corner so from four by three", "jBL02rNzeKg-00556-00128214-00128402": "rectangle the bouncing ball ends up at", "jBL02rNzeKg-00557-00128403-00128744": "the top right corner so the puzzle is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00558-00128745-00128993": "for different sized rectangles what", "jBL02rNzeKg-00559-00128994-00129299": "corner will the liner nappin and I'm not", "jBL02rNzeKg-00560-00129300-00129425": "going to tell you I'm going to leave you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00561-00129426-00129551": "with that to go and think about because", "jBL02rNzeKg-00562-00129552-00129770": "it's really fun to work out and but it's", "jBL02rNzeKg-00563-00129771-00129893": "not that difficult this you can work", "jBL02rNzeKg-00564-00129894-00130169": "this out in about 20 minutes you can get", "jBL02rNzeKg-00565-00130170-00130355": "a good answer and work out why why that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00566-00130356-00130609": "would be and the from this there's a few", "jBL02rNzeKg-00567-00130610-00130814": "related puzzles i got wondering about so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00568-00130815-00130997": "the first thing i thought was how many", "jBL02rNzeKg-00569-00130998-00131132": "squares of the line go through on its", "jBL02rNzeKg-00570-00131133-00131372": "way so in the 4 by 3 rectangle there's a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00571-00131373-00131489": "diagonal line going through every single", "jBL02rNzeKg-00572-00131490-00131705": "one of the smaller squares but for", "jBL02rNzeKg-00573-00131706-00131867": "different sizes for example we've got a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00574-00131868-00131998": "3 by 6 here", "jBL02rNzeKg-00575-00131999-00132407": "we only go through those squares so when", "jBL02rNzeKg-00576-00132408-00132509": "will the line go through all the squares", "jBL02rNzeKg-00577-00132510-00132629": "is another question and this is one I", "jBL02rNzeKg-00578-00132630-00132731": "haven't actually worked out the answer", "jBL02rNzeKg-00579-00132732-00132977": "to yet and so I'm probably going to work", "jBL02rNzeKg-00580-00132978-00133147": "in this out myself this evening if I can", "jBL02rNzeKg-00581-00133148-00133589": "and a third question is how many corners", "jBL02rNzeKg-00582-00133590-00133727": "does it go through so as the lines going", "jBL02rNzeKg-00583-00133728-00133937": "round on the floor by threats and it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00584-00133938-00134264": "goes to those corners and but if you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00585-00134265-00134447": "take a general rectangle how could you", "jBL02rNzeKg-00586-00134448-00134549": "count the number of corn as it goes", "jBL02rNzeKg-00587-00134550-00134726": "through would another problem suppose I", "jBL02rNzeKg-00588-00134727-00134948": "have sold this one I was very happy with", "jBL02rNzeKg-00589-00134949-00135284": "the way I work this one out um and when", "jBL02rNzeKg-00590-00135285-00135389": "will it go through the all the corners", "jBL02rNzeKg-00591-00135390-00135557": "and this is related to this problem", "jBL02rNzeKg-00592-00135558-00135704": "called the cross technical problem by a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00593-00135705-00135848": "garage corporal which he blogged about", "jBL02rNzeKg-00594-00135849-00136202": "here so he was in a math lecture got a", "jBL02rNzeKg-00595-00136203-00136334": "bit bored and started doodling on", "jBL02rNzeKg-00596-00136335-00136586": "rectangles so he got his rectangle and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00597-00136587-00136706": "he started drawing cross his going there", "jBL02rNzeKg-00598-00136707-00136859": "dagon away so fairly similar to what i", "jBL02rNzeKg-00599-00136860-00137072": "was doing he did some crosses going like", "jBL02rNzeKg-00600-00137073-00137249": "this and bouncing around the rectangle", "jBL02rNzeKg-00601-00137250-00137714": "ike that and eventually reach another", "jBL02rNzeKg-00602-00137715-00137858": "corner so kind of similar to what i was", "jBL02rNzeKg-00603-00137859-00137969": "doing but a little bit different and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00604-00137970-00138200": "then he asked the question how many of", "jBL02rNzeKg-00605-00138201-00138344": "the squares end up with crosses inside", "jBL02rNzeKg-00606-00138345-00138629": "them and i was very happy when i found", "jBL02rNzeKg-00607-00138630-00138797": "this on the internet because it turns", "jBL02rNzeKg-00608-00138798-00138905": "out this is exactly the same as that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00609-00138906-00139085": "rectangle here so this rectangle here is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00610-00139086-00139430": "one square larger than that one but if", "jBL02rNzeKg-00611-00139431-00139580": "you connect up the middle points of that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00612-00139581-00139820": "then the pattern I just drew across is", "jBL02rNzeKg-00613-00139821-00140000": "is exactly the same as the pattern i", "jBL02rNzeKg-00614-00140001-00140183": "have on my rectangle up there so his", "jBL02rNzeKg-00615-00140184-00140384": "problem is kind of a way of looking at", "jBL02rNzeKg-00616-00140385-00140690": "my problem upside down so by having", "jBL02rNzeKg-00617-00140691-00140855": "solved that i mighta solve his problem", "jBL02rNzeKg-00618-00140856-00141224": "and so that is three fun puzzles peter", "jBL02rNzeKg-00619-00141225-00141383": "can work on this evening and let me know", "jBL02rNzeKg-00620-00141384-00141509": "if you find some answers because it", "jBL02rNzeKg-00621-00141510-00141650": "would be good to confirm I'm right and", "jBL02rNzeKg-00622-00141651-00141773": "find out answers for the ones i haven't", "jBL02rNzeKg-00623-00141774-00142367": "yet solved but for now this is a clue so", "jBL02rNzeKg-00624-00142368-00142487": "when I said I was bouncing on the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00625-00142488-00142682": "rectangle you could instead imagine that", "jBL02rNzeKg-00626-00142683-00142859": "you've actually got mirrors here and the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00627-00142860-00143060": "ball is going straight down that will", "jBL02rNzeKg-00628-00143061-00143240": "really help that immediately solves two", "jBL02rNzeKg-00629-00143241-00143423": "of the problems so that is a clue for", "jBL02rNzeKg-00630-00143424-00143543": "anyone who wants a growing work on this", "jBL02rNzeKg-00631-00143544-00143819": "and but for now that is all I'm going to", "jBL02rNzeKg-00632-00143820-00143990": "talk to you for now so I'll go to the", "jBL02rNzeKg-00633-00143991-00144170": "bar now and you can come and cherith me", "jBL02rNzeKg-00634-00144171-00144383": "also questions thank you for listening", "jBL02rNzeKg-00635-00144384-00144590": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "jBSMHzdpcxo", "text": {"jBSMHzdpcxo-00000-00000039-00000383": "one hi my name is dr lohner", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00001-00000384-00000574": "today we just had hygiene diamonds with", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00002-00000575-00000726": "us with paige", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00003-00000727-00000927": "and got an opportunity to learn a little", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00004-00000927-00001039": "bit about", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00005-00001040-00001254": "our hygiene program and how we can", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00006-00001255-00001374": "improve it", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00007-00001375-00001543": "i've been doing dentistry practicing", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00008-00001544-00001791": "dentistry now for over 30 years", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00009-00001792-00001982": "and i have always had a double booked", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00010-00001984-00002095": "hygiene", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00011-00002096-00002495": "system in my office and we've done okay", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00012-00002496-00002726": "but today we were able to learn a few", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00013-00002727-00002815": "things that i", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00014-00002816-00003031": "even said at one time that why did i", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00015-00003032-00003199": "think about that sooner", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00016-00003200-00003551": "it was just like aha and then i think we", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00017-00003552-00003775": "had some real energy and some excitement", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00018-00003776-00003919": "for my hygienist", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00019-00003920-00004270": "to step it up a notch and to get", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00020-00004271-00004447": "properly compensated for that something", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00021-00004448-00004583": "that i've always wanted to do but", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00022-00004584-00004806": "haven't felt good about", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00023-00004807-00005086": "how that compensation should take place", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00024-00005087-00005286": "and with paige's help i think that", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00025-00005287-00005463": "we were able to come to something that", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00026-00005464-00005718": "will", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00027-00005719-00006031": "inject some enthusiasm for increased", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00028-00006032-00006199": "performance and rightfully so", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00029-00006200-00006334": "be able to reward them for that", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00030-00006335-00006559": "performance we also learned from paige", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00031-00006559-00006767": "many great ways to", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00032-00006768-00006959": "she called it the low lowest hanging", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00033-00006959-00007159": "fruit to engage our", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00034-00007159-00007463": "hygienist and whole team in stepping up", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00035-00007464-00007542": "our", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00036-00007543-00007734": "revenue and our profitability of our", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00037-00007736-00007967": "practice so i had an outstanding day it", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00038-00007968-00008142": "was very fun it was worthwhile", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00039-00008143-00008327": "and i think my team enjoyed every minute", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00040-00008328-00008583": "of it we had a fun time together and i'd", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00041-00008584-00008774": "like to thank hygiene diamonds and paige", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00042-00008775-00008974": "for the effort that they put forward in", "jBSMHzdpcxo-00043-00008975-00009360": "helping us grow"}}, {"audio_id": "jBUeAprsVwo", "text": {"jBUeAprsVwo-00000-00000041-00000367": "Zubrin polish Zubrin Huber is a hybrid", "jBUeAprsVwo-00001-00000368-00000674": "of domestic cattle and wisent the wisent", "jBUeAprsVwo-00002-00000675-00000914": "Zuber in Polish is the European bison", "jBUeAprsVwo-00003-00000915-00001091": "hence the Zubrin is analogous to the", "jBUeAprsVwo-00004-00001092-00001352": "American beef allow the name Zubrin was", "jBUeAprsVwo-00005-00001353-00001537": "officially chosen from hundreds of", "jBUeAprsVwo-00006-00001538-00001730": "proposals sent to the Polish weekly", "jBUeAprsVwo-00007-00001730-00001942": "magazine purrs crotch during a contest", "jBUeAprsVwo-00008-00001943-00002642": "organized in 1969", "jBUeAprsVwo-00009-00002643-00003151": "topic history", "jBUeAprsVwo-00010-00003152-00003418": "the Zubrin was first created by Leopold", "jBUeAprsVwo-00011-00003419-00003601": "Willy key in 1847", "jBUeAprsVwo-00012-00003602-00003756": "although the hybrid may also have", "jBUeAprsVwo-00013-00003757-00004011": "appeared at an earlier time after World", "jBUeAprsVwo-00014-00004012-00004249": "War one various scientists considered", "jBUeAprsVwo-00015-00004250-00004429": "Zubrin a possible replacement for", "jBUeAprsVwo-00016-00004430-00004696": "domestic cattle Zubrin turned out to be", "jBUeAprsVwo-00017-00004697-00004875": "more durable and less susceptible to", "jBUeAprsVwo-00018-00004876-00005167": "disease in addition the animal could be", "jBUeAprsVwo-00019-00005168-00005353": "bred on marginal grazing land with no", "jBUeAprsVwo-00020-00005354-00005547": "farm infrastructure and with minimal", "jBUeAprsVwo-00021-00005548-00005764": "husbandry in huge state agricultural", "jBUeAprsVwo-00022-00005765-00006193": "farms SAFS from 1958 the work on Zubrin", "jBUeAprsVwo-00023-00006194-00006357": "herds was continued by the Polish", "jBUeAprsVwo-00024-00006358-00006546": "Academy of Sciences in various", "jBUeAprsVwo-00025-00006547-00006787": "laboratories most notably in b.a Louisa", "jBUeAprsVwo-00026-00006788-00007117": "& melodica during the first 16 years of", "jBUeAprsVwo-00027-00007118-00007393": "experiments a total of 71 animals were", "jBUeAprsVwo-00028-00007394-00007633": "born including filin the first Zubrin", "jBUeAprsVwo-00029-00007634-00007935": "born to a Zubrin mother august 6 1960", "jBUeAprsVwo-00030-00007936-00008173": "the animal was intended to become a", "jBUeAprsVwo-00031-00008173-00008391": "hardy and cheap alternative to cattle", "jBUeAprsVwo-00032-00008392-00008667": "the experiment was continued until the", "jBUeAprsVwo-00033-00008668-00008875": "late 1980s when the results of the", "jBUeAprsVwo-00034-00008876-00009003": "breeding programmes were deemed", "jBUeAprsVwo-00035-00009004-00009277": "unsatisfactory various factors", "jBUeAprsVwo-00036-00009278-00009451": "contributed to this decision including", "jBUeAprsVwo-00037-00009452-00009696": "the severe economic difficulties of the", "jBUeAprsVwo-00038-00009697-00009966": "Polish socialist economy in the 1980s a", "jBUeAprsVwo-00039-00009967-00010128": "lack of interest from the notoriously", "jBUeAprsVwo-00040-00010129-00010413": "ineffective SAFS and fears that Zubrin", "jBUeAprsVwo-00041-00010414-00010566": "would crossbreed with the endangered", "jBUeAprsVwo-00042-00010567-00010764": "wild wizened contaminating their gene", "jBUeAprsVwo-00043-00010765-00011020": "pool the two notable centres for", "jBUeAprsVwo-00044-00011021-00011241": "experiments on the species were like no", "jBUeAprsVwo-00045-00011242-00011644": "391 animals altogether and popul no 121", "jBUeAprsVwo-00046-00011645-00011841": "animals while limited experiments were", "jBUeAprsVwo-00047-00011842-00012034": "also held in the reserve of a scania", "jBUeAprsVwo-00048-00012035-00012360": "Nova in the USSR this was discontinued", "jBUeAprsVwo-00049-00012361-00012567": "and the sole surviving herd consists of", "jBUeAprsVwo-00050-00012568-00012787": "several animals only kept at be a Lewis", "jBUeAprsVwo-00051-00012788-00013126": "key National Park as of 2007 however", "jBUeAprsVwo-00052-00013127-00013351": "there are press releases suggesting the", "jBUeAprsVwo-00053-00013352-00013534": "breeding and experiments are continuing", "jBUeAprsVwo-00054-00013535-00014187": "in Carroll uu in Greater Poland", "jBUeAprsVwo-00055-00014188-00014690": "topic description", "jBUeAprsVwo-00056-00014691-00014937": "Zubrin are heavy animals with males", "jBUeAprsVwo-00057-00014938-00015336": "weighing up to 1,200 kilograms 2,600", "jBUeAprsVwo-00058-00015337-00015688": "pounds and females up to 810 kilograms", "jBUeAprsVwo-00059-00015690-00016059": "1790 pounds they are strong resistant to", "jBUeAprsVwo-00060-00016060-00016238": "disease and tolerant of harsh weather", "jBUeAprsVwo-00061-00016240-00016527": "conditions the first cross calves have", "jBUeAprsVwo-00062-00016528-00016731": "to be borne by kaiserin section because", "jBUeAprsVwo-00063-00016732-00016836": "although they may be carried", "jBUeAprsVwo-00064-00016837-00017019": "successfully to full-term parturition", "jBUeAprsVwo-00065-00017020-00017325": "never occurs males are infertile in the", "jBUeAprsVwo-00066-00017326-00017589": "first generation females are fertile and", "jBUeAprsVwo-00067-00017590-00017754": "can be cross bred with either parent", "jBUeAprsVwo-00068-00017755-00017982": "species ie with cattle or wisent and", "jBUeAprsVwo-00069-00017983-00018144": "males from these back crosses are", "jBUeAprsVwo-00070-00018145-00018685": "fertile", "jBUeAprsVwo-00071-00018686-00019216": "topic see also", "jBUeAprsVwo-00072-00019217-00019861": "Beefalo dzo Haldane's rule"}}, {"audio_id": "jC0Y9tHmy4k", "text": {"jC0Y9tHmy4k-00000-00000200-00000390": "i'm about to get real disrespectful in", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00001-00000391-00000576": "this moment", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00002-00000577-00001734": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00003-00001735-00001862": "welcome", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00004-00001863-00004997": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00005-00004998-00005926": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00006-00005927-00005995": "[Applause]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00007-00005996-00008959": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00008-00008960-00009262": "click on the beaver", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00009-00009263-00009432": "[Applause]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00010-00009433-00010935": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00011-00010936-00011174": "[Applause]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00012-00011175-00012096": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00013-00012097-00013622": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00014-00013623-00013857": "so", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00015-00013858-00013926": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00016-00013927-00014131": "[Applause]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00017-00014132-00015015": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00018-00015016-00015327": "so", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00019-00015328-00015607": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00020-00015608-00015910": "[Applause]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00021-00015911-00017266": "[Music]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00022-00017267-00017399": "[Applause]", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00023-00017400-00017591": "i'm about to get real disrespectful in", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00024-00017592-00017831": "this moment", "jC0Y9tHmy4k-00025-00017832-00018866": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "jC6EKzX_XBA", "text": {"jC6EKzX_XBA-00000-00000068-00000323": "agrarianism is a social philosophy or", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00001-00000324-00000532": "political philosophy which values rural", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00002-00000533-00000790": "society is superior to urban society and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00003-00000791-00000974": "the independent farmer is superior to", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00004-00000975-00001162": "the paid worker and sees farming as a", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00005-00001163-00001340": "way of life that can shape the ideal", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00006-00001341-00001598": "social values it stresses the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00007-00001599-00001820": "superiority of a simple rural life as", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00008-00001821-00002543": "opposed to the complexity of city life", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00009-00002544-00003071": "topic philosophy", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00010-00003072-00003340": "M Thomas singer defines agrarianism by", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00011-00003342-00003632": "the following basic tenets farming is", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00012-00003633-00003806": "the sole occupation that offers total", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00013-00003807-00004148": "independence and self-sufficiency urban", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00014-00004149-00004397": "life capitalism and technology destroy", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00015-00004398-00004607": "independence and dignity and foster vice", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00016-00004608-00004904": "and weakness the agricultural community", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00017-00004905-00005093": "with its fellowship of labour and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00018-00005094-00005420": "cooperation is the model society the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00019-00005421-00005636": "farmer has a solid stable position in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00020-00005637-00005915": "the world order they have a sense of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00021-00005916-00006158": "identity a sense of historical and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00022-00006159-00006332": "religious tradition a feeling of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00023-00006333-00006578": "belonging to a concrete family place and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00024-00006579-00006800": "region which is psychologically and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00025-00006801-00007097": "culturally beneficial the harmony of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00026-00007098-00007280": "their life checks the encroachments of a", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00027-00007281-00007594": "fragmented alienated modern society", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00028-00007595-00007859": "cultivation of the soil has within it a", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00029-00007859-00008156": "positive spiritual good and from it the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00030-00008156-00008371": "cultivator acquires the virtues of honor", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00031-00008372-00008708": "manliness self-reliance courage moral", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00032-00008709-00009064": "integrity and hospitality they result", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00033-00009065-00009257": "from a direct contact with nature and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00034-00009258-00009473": "through nature a closer relationship to", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00035-00009474-00009734": "God the agrarian is blessed in that they", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00036-00009735-00009932": "follow the example of God in creating", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00037-00009933-00010564": "order out of chaos", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00038-00010565-00011067": "topic history", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00039-00011068-00011302": "the philosophical roots of agrarianism", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00040-00011303-00011435": "include European and Chinese", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00041-00011436-00011685": "philosophers the Chinese school of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00042-00011686-00011916": "agricultural ISM nandi anong Jia was a", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00043-00011917-00012099": "philosophy that advocated peasant", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00044-00012100-00012392": "utopian communalism inegalitarian ism in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00045-00012393-00012673": "societies influenced by Confucianism the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00046-00012674-00012816": "farmer was considered an esteemed", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00047-00012817-00012988": "productive member of society", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00048-00012988-00013150": "but merchants who made money were looked", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00049-00013151-00013380": "down upon that influenced European", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00050-00013381-00013630": "intellectuals like Francois Kresna an", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00051-00013631-00013861": "avid Confucian astonied václav China's", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00052-00013862-00014074": "agrarian policies in forming the French", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00053-00014075-00014368": "agrarian philosophy of Physiol see the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00054-00014369-00014449": "physiocrats", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00055-00014450-00014628": "along with the ideas of John Locke in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00056-00014629-00014818": "the Romantic era formed the basis of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00057-00014819-00015093": "modern European and American agrarianism", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00058-00015094-00015427": "United States President 1801 to 1809", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00059-00015428-00015643": "Thomas Jefferson was a representative", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00060-00015644-00015819": "agrarian who built Jeffersonian", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00061-00015820-00016018": "democracy around the notion that farmers", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00062-00016019-00016213": "are the most valuable citizens and the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00063-00016213-00016844": "truest Republicans", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00064-00016845-00017443": "topic agrarian parties", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00065-00017444-00017656": "peasant parties first appeared across", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00066-00017657-00017938": "Eastern Europe between 1860 and 1910", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00067-00017939-00018151": "when commercialized agriculture in world", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00068-00018152-00018358": "market forces disrupted traditional", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00069-00018359-00018565": "rural society and the railway in growing", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00070-00018566-00018781": "literacy facilitated the work of roving", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00071-00018782-00019105": "organizers agrarian parties advocated", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00072-00019106-00019315": "land reforms to redistribute land on", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00073-00019316-00019501": "large estates among those who work it", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00074-00019502-00019789": "they also wanted village cooperatives to", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00075-00019790-00020011": "keep the profit from crop sales in local", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00076-00020012-00020191": "hands and credit institutions to", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00077-00020192-00020449": "underwrite needed improvements many", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00078-00020450-00020650": "peasant parties were also nationalist", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00079-00020651-00020827": "parties because peasants often worked", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00080-00020828-00021010": "their land for the benefit of landlords", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00081-00021011-00021310": "of different ethnicity peasant parties", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00082-00021311-00021484": "rarely had any power before World War", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00083-00021485-00021682": "one but some became influential in the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00084-00021683-00021904": "interwar era especially in Bulgaria in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00085-00021905-00022258": "Czechoslovakia for a while in the 1920s", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00086-00022259-00022459": "in the 1930s there was a green", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00087-00022460-00022657": "International International agrarian", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00088-00022658-00022855": "Bureau based on the peasant parties in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00089-00022856-00023086": "Bulgaria Czechoslovakia Poland and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00090-00023087-00023356": "Serbia it functioned primarily as an", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00091-00023357-00023554": "Information Center that spread the ideas", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00092-00023555-00023776": "of agrarianism and combating socialism", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00093-00023777-00023938": "on the left and landlords on the right", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00094-00023939-00024112": "and never launched any significant", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00095-00024113-00024674": "activities", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00096-00024675-00025158": "topic Tunisia", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00097-00025159-00025389": "the farmers voice party won a seat in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00098-00025390-00025560": "the district of Genbu bar after the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00099-00025561-00026249": "parliamentary election of 2014", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00100-00026250-00026718": "topic Europe", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00101-00026719-00027036": "you", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00102-00027037-00027518": "topic Bulgaria", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00103-00027519-00027780": "in Bulgaria the Bulgarian agrarian", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00104-00027781-00028049": "national union B Zed NS was organized in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00105-00028050-00028286": "1899 to resist taxes and build", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00106-00028287-00028615": "cooperatives B Zed NS came to power in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00107-00028616-00028940": "1919 and introduced many economic social", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00108-00028941-00029270": "and legal reforms however conservative", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00109-00029271-00029592": "forces crushed b ZN s in a 1923 coup and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00110-00029593-00029774": "assassinated its leader Alex and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00111-00029775-00030248": "Istanbul easily 1879 to 1923 B's head ns", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00112-00030249-00030440": "was made into a communist puppet group", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00113-00030441-00030711": "until 1989 when it reorganized as a", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00114-00030712-00031262": "genuine party", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00115-00031263-00031769": "topic Czechoslovakia", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00116-00031770-00032042": "in Czechoslovakia the Republican Party", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00117-00032043-00032243": "of Agricultural and smallholder people", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00118-00032244-00032429": "often shared power in Parliament as a", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00119-00032430-00032608": "partner in the five party Petka", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00120-00032610-00032888": "coalition the party's leader antonyms", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00121-00032889-00033230": "Vela 1873 to 1933 was Prime Minister", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00122-00033231-00033560": "several times it was consistently the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00123-00033561-00033779": "strongest party forming and dominating", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00124-00033780-00034004": "coalition's it moved beyond its original", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00125-00034005-00034217": "agrarian base to reach middle-class", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00126-00034218-00034481": "voters the party was banned by the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00127-00034482-00034655": "National Front after the Second World", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00128-00034656-00035172": "War", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00129-00035173-00035642": "topic France", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00130-00035643-00035924": "in France the hunting fishing nature", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00131-00035925-00036083": "tradition party is a moderate", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00132-00036084-00036332": "conservative agrarian Esparta reaching a", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00133-00036333-00036665": "peak of 4.2 3% in the 2002 French", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00134-00036666-00036938": "presidential election it would later on", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00135-00036939-00037124": "become affiliated to france's main", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00136-00037125-00037325": "conservative party Union for a popular", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00137-00037326-00037881": "movement", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00138-00037882-00038333": "topic Island", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00139-00038334-00038582": "in the late 19th century the Irish", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00140-00038583-00038753": "National Land League aim to abolish", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00141-00038754-00038966": "landlordism in Ireland and enable tenant", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00142-00038967-00039143": "farmers to own the land they worked on", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00143-00039144-00039668": "the land war of 1878 to 1909 led to the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00144-00039669-00039860": "Irish land Acts ending absentee", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00145-00039861-00040016": "landlords and ground rent and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00146-00040017-00040193": "redistributing land among peasant", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00147-00040194-00040526": "farmers post independence the farmers", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00148-00040527-00040703": "party operated in the Irish Free State", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00149-00040704-00040985": "from 1922 folding into the National", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00150-00040986-00041321": "Center party in 1932 it was mostly", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00151-00041322-00041522": "supported by wealthy farmers in the east", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00152-00041523-00041879": "of Ireland Clan na Talman family of the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00153-00041880-00042038": "land also called the national", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00154-00042039-00042328": "agricultural party was founded in 1938", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00155-00042329-00042581": "they focused more on the poor small", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00156-00042582-00042764": "holders of the West supporting land", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00157-00042765-00042938": "reclamation afforestation", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00158-00042939-00043232": "social democracy and rates reform they", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00159-00043233-00043388": "formed part of the governing coalition", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00160-00043389-00043604": "of the government of the 13th Doyle and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00161-00043605-00043892": "government of the 15th Doyle economic", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00162-00043893-00044162": "improvement in the 1960s or farmers vote", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00163-00044163-00044384": "for other parties in clan n8 almond", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00164-00044385-00045032": "disbanded in 1965", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00165-00045033-00045486": "topic Latvia", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00166-00045487-00045720": "in Latvia the union of greens and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00167-00045721-00045888": "farmers is supportive of traditional", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00168-00045889-00046071": "small farms and perceives them as more", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00169-00046072-00046204": "environmentally friendly than", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00170-00046205-00046416": "large-scale farming nature is threatened", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00171-00046417-00046611": "by development while small farms are", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00172-00046612-00046791": "threatened by large industrial scale", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00173-00046792-00047315": "farms", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00174-00047316-00047790": "topic Lithuania", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00175-00047791-00048117": "in Lithuania as of 2017 the government", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00176-00048118-00048301": "is led by the Lithuanian farmers in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00177-00048302-00048474": "greens union under the leadership of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00178-00048475-00049174": "industrial farmer Ramona's Kowalski's", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00179-00049175-00049628": "topic Poland", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00180-00049629-00049886": "in Poland the Polish People's Party", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00181-00049887-00050048": "traces its tradition to an agrarian", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00182-00050049-00050276": "party in austro-hungarian controlled", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00183-00050277-00050537": "Galician Poland after the fall of the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00184-00050538-00050798": "communist regime PPP's biggest success", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00185-00050799-00051185": "came in 1993 elections where it won 132", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00186-00051186-00051565": "out of 460 parliamentary seats since", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00187-00051566-00052270": "then PPP support has steadily declined", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00188-00052271-00052727": "topic Romania", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00189-00052728-00052946": "in Romania older parties from", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00190-00052947-00053141": "transylvania moldavia and wallachia", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00191-00053141-00053351": "merged to become the national peasant", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00192-00053352-00053903": "party in 1926 yulia manu 1873 to 1953", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00193-00053904-00054089": "was a prime minister with an agrarian", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00194-00054090-00054440": "cabinet from 1928 to 1930 and briefly in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00195-00054441-00054730": "1930 to 1933 but the Great Depression", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00196-00054732-00055034": "maid proposed reforms impossible the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00197-00055035-00055254": "communist regime dissolved the party in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00198-00055255-00055591": "1947 but it reformed in 1989 after they", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00199-00055592-00055696": "fell from power", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00200-00055697-00055942": "the reformed party which also", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00201-00055944-00056126": "incorporated elements of Christian", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00202-00056127-00056321": "democracy in its ideology governed", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00203-00056322-00056491": "Romania as part of the Romanian", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00204-00056492-00056771": "Democratic convention between 1996 to", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00205-00056772-00057303": "2000", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00206-00057304-00057755": "topic Serbia", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00207-00057757-00058221": "in Serbia Nicola PASOK 1845 to 1926 and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00208-00058222-00058437": "his people's radical party dominated", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00209-00058438-00058791": "Serbian politics after 1903 the party", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00210-00058791-00059016": "also monopolized power in Yugoslavia", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00211-00059016-00059373": "from 1918 to 1929 during the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00212-00059374-00059612": "dictatorship of the 1930s the Prime", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00213-00059613-00060223": "Minister was from that party", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00214-00060224-00060680": "topic Ukraine", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00215-00060682-00060941": "in Ukraine the Radical Party of oleh", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00216-00060942-00061125": "lyashko has promised to purify the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00217-00061126-00061364": "country of oligarchs with a pitchfork", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00218-00061365-00061604": "the party advocates a number of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00219-00061605-00061791": "traditional left-wing positions lower", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00220-00061791-00062019": "salary taxes a ban on agricultural land", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00221-00062020-00062223": "sale in eliminating the illegal land", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00222-00062224-00062421": "market a tenfold increase in budget", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00223-00062422-00062637": "spending on health setting up primary", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00224-00062638-00062842": "health centres in every village and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00225-00062844-00063063": "mixes them with strong nationalist", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00226-00063064-00063622": "sentiments", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00227-00063623-00064440": "topic Oceania", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00228-00064441-00064930": "topic Australia", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00229-00064931-00065269": "historian FK Crowley finds that", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00230-00065270-00065513": "Australian farmers in The Spokesman have", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00231-00065514-00065691": "always considered that life on the land", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00232-00065692-00065904": "is inherently more virtuous as well as", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00233-00065905-00066090": "more healthy more important and more", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00234-00066091-00066287": "productive than life in the towns and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00235-00066288-00066464": "cities", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00236-00066465-00066650": "the farmers complained that something", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00237-00066651-00066821": "was wrong with an electoral system which", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00238-00066822-00067007": "produced parliamentarians who spent", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00239-00067008-00067223": "money beautifying vampire cities instead", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00240-00067224-00067415": "of developing the interior the National", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00241-00067416-00067616": "Party of Australia formerly called the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00242-00067617-00067844": "country party from the 1920s to the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00243-00067845-00068087": "1970s promulgated its version of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00244-00068088-00068300": "agrarianism which it called country", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00245-00068301-00068606": "mindedness the goal was to enhance the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00246-00068607-00068822": "status of the craziest operators of big", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00247-00068823-00069029": "sheep branches and small farmers and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00248-00069030-00069641": "justified subsidies for them", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00249-00069642-00070122": "topic New Zealand", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00250-00070123-00070314": "the New Zealand Liberal Party", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00251-00070315-00070515": "aggressively promoted agrarianism in its", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00252-00070516-00070917": "heyday 1891 to 1912 the landed gentry", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00253-00070918-00071121": "and aristocracy ruled Britain at this", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00254-00071122-00071172": "time", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00255-00071173-00071412": "New Zealand never had an aristocracy but", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00256-00071413-00071562": "its wealthy landowners largely", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00257-00071563-00071831": "controlled politics before 1891 the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00258-00071832-00072099": "Liberal Party set out to change that by", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00259-00072100-00072420": "policy it called populism Richard said", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00260-00072421-00072585": "and had proclaimed the goal as early as", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00261-00072586-00072900": "1884 it is the rich and the poor it is", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00262-00072901-00073095": "the wealthy and the landowners against", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00263-00073096-00073368": "the middle and labouring classes that", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00264-00073369-00073662": "sir shows the real political position of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00265-00073663-00073971": "New Zealand the Liberal strategy was to", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00266-00073972-00074163": "create a large class of small land", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00267-00074164-00074346": "owning farmers who supported liberal", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00268-00074347-00074598": "ideals the Liberal government also", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00269-00074599-00074760": "established the basis of the later", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00270-00074761-00074985": "welfare state such as old-age pensions", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00271-00074986-00075147": "and developed a system for settling", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00272-00075148-00075363": "industrial disputes which was accepted", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00273-00075364-00075632": "by both employers and trade unions in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00274-00075633-00075930": "1893 it extended voting rights to women", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00275-00075931-00076158": "making New Zealand the first country in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00276-00076159-00076479": "the world to do so to obtain land for", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00277-00076480-00076713": "farmers the Liberal government from 1891", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00278-00076714-00077049": "to 1911 purchased 3 million 100,000", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00279-00077050-00077331": "acres 1 million 300,000 hectares of", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00280-00077332-00077628": "Maori land the government also purchased", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00281-00077629-00077925": "1 million 300,000 acres five hundred and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00282-00077926-00078111": "thirty thousand hectares from large", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00283-00078112-00078318": "estate holders for subdivision and post", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00284-00078319-00078585": "a settlement by small farmers the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00285-00078586-00078903": "advances to settlers Act 1894 provided", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00286-00078904-00079053": "low-interest mortgages and the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00287-00079054-00079239": "Agriculture Department disseminated", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00288-00079240-00079428": "information on the best farming methods", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00289-00079429-00079677": "the Liberals proclaimed success in", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00290-00079678-00079914": "forging inegalitarian anti-monopoly land", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00291-00079915-00080214": "policy the policy built up support for", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00292-00080215-00080406": "the Liberal Party in rural North Island", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00293-00080407-00080763": "electorates by 1903 the Liberals were so", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00294-00080764-00080919": "dominant that there was no longer an", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00295-00080920-00081612": "organized opposition in Parliament", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00296-00081613-00082234": "topic back-to-the-land movement", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00297-00082235-00082426": "agrarianism is similar to but not", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00298-00082427-00082597": "identical with the back-to-the-land", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00299-00082598-00082909": "movement agrarianism concentrates on the", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00300-00082910-00083062": "fundamental goods of the earth on", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00301-00083063-00083281": "communities of more limited economic and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00302-00083282-00083485": "political scale than in modern society", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00303-00083486-00083692": "and on simple living even when the shift", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00304-00083693-00083917": "involves questioningly progressive", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00305-00083918-00084154": "character of some recent social and", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00306-00084155-00084286": "economic developments", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00307-00084287-00084541": "thus agrarianism is not industrial", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00308-00084542-00084721": "farming with its specialization on", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00309-00084722-00085028": "products and industrial scale", "jC6EKzX_XBA-00310-00085029-00085414": "equals equals see also"}}, {"audio_id": "jCuO7V0tV6k", "text": {"jCuO7V0tV6k-00000-00000316-00000529": "hi I'm Peter birch and welcome to", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00001-00000530-00000691": "another wiki bond action item quick take", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00002-00000692-00000952": "David floor you are at OCP the open", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00003-00000952-00001282": "compute platform this past week and saw", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00004-00001283-00001479": "some really interesting things a couple", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00005-00001480-00001724": "companies stood out for you including", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00006-00001725-00002142": "liquid they are a very very interesting", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00007-00002143-00002547": "company they went GA with a PCIe switch", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00008-00002548-00002833": "that's the very very high speed switch", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00009-00002834-00003201": "that all the systems work off and what", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00010-00003202-00003465": "this does is essentially enable", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00011-00003467-00003886": "virtualization of CPU storage GPU", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00012-00003886-00004129": "systems network anything on it that", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00013-00004130-00004597": "could connect to a PCI bus without the", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00014-00004598-00004867": "software overhead without the VMware", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00015-00004868-00005218": "overhead without the KVM overhead this", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00016-00005219-00005536": "is very exciting that you can have a", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00017-00005537-00005854": "bare-metal virtualization of the product", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00018-00005855-00006184": "and put together your own architecture", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00019-00006185-00006406": "of systems and one particular example", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00020-00006406-00006655": "that struck me as being very useful if", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00021-00006656-00006787": "you're doing benchmarks and you're", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00022-00006788-00007018": "trying to do benchmarks with one GPU two", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00023-00007019-00007276": "GPUs or more storage or whatever it is", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00024-00007277-00007504": "that you want this seems to be an ideal", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00025-00007505-00007689": "way of being able to do that so quickly", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00026-00007690-00007978": "I think this is a very exciting product", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00027-00007979-00008410": "it's a competitor with Intel's RSD rack", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00028-00008411-00008632": "scale design that's obviously another", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00029-00008633-00008800": "thing but they seem to have beaten them", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00030-00008801-00009226": "to GA to something that works there's a", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00031-00009227-00009643": "30,000 developer kit $30,000 $30,000", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00032-00009644-00009955": "developer kit I would I would recommend", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00033-00009956-00010177": "that that's the best buy for enterprise", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00034-00010178-00010480": "in cloud provider data centers excellent", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00035-00010481-00010810": "so David foyer at OCP this week liquids", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00036-00010811-00011089": "new new bus technology", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00037-00011090-00011341": "check it out this has been a wiki bond", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00038-00011342-00011488": "action item Peter and there's been a", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00039-00011489-00011703": "wick about an action item quick take", "jCuO7V0tV6k-00040-00011704-00012022": "with Peter Burris and David floor"}}, {"audio_id": "jCeEBuWYbjy", "text": {"jCeEBuWYbjy-00000-00000056-00000247": "my name is felice ross and i'm the", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00001-00000248-00000463": "lighting designer for", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00002-00000463-00000782": "the new production of farm in the cave", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00003-00000783-00001023": "which is called commander i'm", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00004-00001024-00001215": "very happy to be involved in this", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00005-00001216-00001558": "project because of its social content", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00006-00001559-00001839": "and its political statement it's a", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00007-00001839-00001991": "difficult world we're living in these", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00008-00001992-00002079": "days", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00009-00002080-00002407": "and we really need to use our", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00010-00002408-00002742": "work in the arts and in culture in order", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00011-00002743-00003095": "to say what we have to say against all", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00012-00003096-00003191": "of this", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00013-00003192-00003367": "awful issues that are happening these", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00014-00003368-00003679": "days i'm very very lucky to have been", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00015-00003679-00003783": "invited", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00016-00003784-00003983": "by william to come and work for the", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00017-00003984-00004199": "second time with farm in the cave i", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00018-00004200-00004343": "enjoy working with farm in the cave and", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00019-00004344-00004502": "i enjoy working with william in", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00020-00004503-00004711": "particular our aesthetic approaches is", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00021-00004712-00004983": "very similar the challenge here is to be", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00022-00004984-00005375": "able to do an aesthetic work which", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00023-00005376-00005622": "helps to bring forth the message that we", "jCeEBuWYbjy-00024-00005623-00005964": "want to bring"}}, {"audio_id": "jCIdEnqP6-u", "text": {"jCIdEnqP6-u-00000-00000094-00000380": "Environmental Design is the process of", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00001-00000381-00000607": "addressing surrounding environmental", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00002-00000608-00000931": "parameters when devising plans programs", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00003-00000932-00001406": "policies buildings or products classical", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00004-00001407-00001616": "prudent design may have always", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00005-00001617-00001901": "considered environmental factors however", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00006-00001902-00002198": "the environmental movement beginning in", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00007-00002199-00002516": "the 1940s has made the concept more", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00008-00002517-00002809": "explicit environmental design can also", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00009-00002810-00003104": "refer to the applied arts and sciences", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00010-00003105-00003361": "dealing with creating the human designed", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00011-00003363-00003700": "environment these fields include", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00012-00003701-00004013": "architecture geography urban planning", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00013-00004014-00004301": "landscape architecture and interior", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00014-00004302-00004706": "design Environmental Design can also", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00015-00004707-00004997": "encompass interdisciplinary areas such", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00016-00004998-00005270": "as historical preservation and lighting", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00017-00005271-00005638": "design in terms of a larger scope", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00018-00005639-00005920": "environmental design has implications", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00019-00005921-00006176": "for the industrial design of products", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00020-00006177-00006416": "innovative automobiles wind power", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00021-00006417-00006721": "generators solar powered equipment and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00022-00006722-00006983": "other kinds of equipment could serve as", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00023-00006984-00007134": "examples", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00024-00007136-00007487": "currently the term has expanded to apply", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00025-00007488-00008326": "to ecological and sustainability issues", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00026-00008327-00009020": "topic history the first traceable", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00027-00009021-00009260": "concepts of environmental designs", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00028-00009261-00009596": "focused primarily on solar heating which", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00029-00009597-00009967": "began in ancient Greece around 500 BCE", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00030-00009968-00010370": "at the time most of Greece had exhausted", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00031-00010371-00010624": "its supply of wood for fuel leading", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00032-00010625-00010874": "architects to design houses that would", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00033-00010875-00011216": "capture the solar energy of the Sun the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00034-00011217-00011453": "Greeks understood that the position of", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00035-00011454-00011819": "the Sun varies throughout the year for a", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00036-00011820-00012121": "latitude of 40 degrees in summer the Sun", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00037-00012122-00012424": "is high in the south at an angle of 70", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00038-00012425-00012670": "degrees at the zenith while in winter", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00039-00012671-00012961": "the Sun travels a lower trajectory with", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00040-00012962-00013328": "the zenith of 26 degrees", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00041-00013329-00013536": "Raik houses were built with south-facing", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00042-00013537-00013867": "facades which received little to no Sun", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00043-00013868-00014113": "in the summer but would receive full Sun", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00044-00014115-00014419": "in the winter warming the house", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00045-00014419-00014702": "additionally the southern orientation", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00046-00014703-00014972": "also protected the house from the colder", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00047-00014972-00015325": "northern winds this clever arrangement", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00048-00015326-00015569": "of buildings influenced the use of the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00049-00015569-00015913": "grid pattern of ancient cities with the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00050-00015915-00016180": "north-south orientation of the houses", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00051-00016181-00016450": "the streets of Greek cities mainly ran", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00052-00016451-00016816": "east-west the practice of solar", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00053-00016817-00017096": "architecture continued with the Romans", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00054-00017097-00017380": "who similarly had deforested much of", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00055-00017381-00017617": "their native Italian peninsula by the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00056-00017618-00018055": "1st century BCE the Roman Helier", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00057-00018056-00018317": "communists literally solar furnace", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00058-00018318-00018583": "functioned with the same aspects of the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00059-00018584-00018974": "earlier Greek houses the numerous public", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00060-00018975-00019319": "baths were oriented to the south Roman", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00061-00019320-00019594": "architects added glass to windows to", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00062-00019595-00019822": "allow for the passage of light and to", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00063-00019823-00020080": "conserve interior heat as it could not", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00064-00020081-00020468": "escape the Romans also used greenhouses", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00065-00020469-00020719": "to grow crops all year long and to", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00066-00020720-00020986": "cultivate the exotic plants coming from", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00067-00020987-00021337": "the far corners of the Empire Pliny the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00068-00021338-00021602": "Elder wrote of greenhouses that supplied", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00069-00021603-00021796": "the kitchen of the emperor Tiberius", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00070-00021797-00022069": "during the year along with the solar", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00071-00022070-00022346": "orientation of buildings and the use of", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00072-00022347-00022600": "glass as a solar heat collector the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00073-00022601-00022814": "ancients knew other ways of harnessing", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00074-00022815-00023218": "solar energy the Greeks Romans and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00075-00023219-00023480": "Chinese developed curved mirrors that", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00076-00023481-00023734": "could concentrate the sun's rays on an", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00077-00023735-00024011": "object with enough intensity to make it", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00078-00024012-00024383": "burn in seconds the solar reflectors", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00079-00024384-00024586": "were often made of polished silver", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00080-00024587-00025047": "copper or brass early roots of modern", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00081-00025048-00025318": "environmental design began in the late", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00082-00025319-00025594": "19th century with writer designer", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00083-00025595-00025887": "William Morris who rejected the use of", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00084-00025888-00026194": "industrialized materials and processes", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00085-00026195-00026458": "in wallpaper fabrics and books his", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00086-00026459-00026732": "studio produced", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00087-00026733-00027052": "others such as John Ruskin felt that the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00088-00027053-00027323": "Industrial Revolution would lead to harm", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00089-00027324-00027730": "done to nature and workers the narrative", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00090-00027731-00027967": "of Brian dönitz and Chris olives", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00091-00027968-00028249": "documentary film ecological design", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00092-00028250-00028535": "inventing the future asserts that in the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00093-00028536-00028852": "decades after World War two the world", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00094-00028853-00029132": "was forced to confront the dark shadow", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00095-00029133-00029561": "of Science and Industry from the middle", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00096-00029562-00029805": "of the 20th century thinkers like", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00097-00029806-00030043": "Buckminster Fuller have acted as", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00098-00030044-00030289": "catalysts for a broadening and deepening", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00099-00030290-00030524": "of the concerns of environmental", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00100-00030525-00030932": "designers nowadays energy efficiency", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00101-00030933-00031199": "appropriate technology organic", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00102-00031200-00031436": "horticulture and agriculture land", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00103-00031437-00031705": "restoration new urbanism and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00104-00031706-00031943": "ecologically sustainable energy and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00105-00031944-00032173": "waste systems are recognized", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00106-00032174-00032426": "considerations or options and may each", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00107-00032427-00032824": "find application by integrating", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00108-00032825-00033092": "renewable energy sources such as solar", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00109-00033093-00033427": "photovoltaic solar thermal and even", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00110-00033428-00033712": "geothermal energy into structures it is", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00111-00033713-00033958": "possible to create zero emission", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00112-00033959-00034217": "buildings where energy consumption is", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00113-00034218-00034601": "self-generating and non polluting it is", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00114-00034602-00034958": "also possible to construct energy plus", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00115-00034959-00035282": "buildings which generate more energy", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00116-00035283-00035564": "than they consume and the excess could", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00117-00035565-00035914": "then be sold to the grid in the United", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00118-00035915-00036130": "States the LEED green building rating", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00119-00036131-00036389": "system rates structures on their", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00120-00036390-00037273": "environmental sustainability topic", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00121-00037274-00037892": "environmental design and planning", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00122-00037893-00038148": "Environmental Design and planning is the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00123-00038149-00038514": "moniker used by several PhD programs", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00124-00038515-00038784": "that take a multidisciplinary approach", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00125-00038785-00039122": "to the built environment typically", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00126-00039123-00039330": "environmental design and planning", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00127-00039331-00039621": "programs address architectural history", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00128-00039622-00039984": "or design interior or exterior city or", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00129-00039985-00040257": "regional planning Landscape Architecture", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00130-00040258-00040584": "history or design environmental planning", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00131-00040585-00040908": "construction science cultural geography", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00132-00040909-00041325": "or Historic Preservation social science", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00133-00041326-00041619": "methods are frequently employed aspects", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00134-00041620-00041937": "of sociology or psychology can be part", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00135-00041938-00042353": "of a research program the concept of", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00136-00042354-00042780": "environmental in these programs is quite", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00137-00042781-00043046": "broad and can encompass aspects of the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00138-00043047-00043280": "natural built work or social", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00139-00043281-00044812": "environments topic areas of research", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00140-00044813-00045548": "topic academic programs the following", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00141-00045549-00045818": "universities offer a PhD in", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00142-00045819-00046144": "environmental design and planning", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00143-00046145-00046427": "Clemson University College of", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00144-00046428-00046703": "Architecture arts and humanities now", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00145-00046704-00047053": "called planning design and the built", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00146-00047054-00047528": "environment Arizona State University", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00147-00047529-00047900": "College of Design Kansas State", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00148-00047901-00048310": "University University of Calgary", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00149-00048311-00048743": "technically the PhD is in Environmental", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00150-00048744-00048842": "Design", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00151-00048843-00049130": "but encompasses the same scope as the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00152-00049131-00049256": "other programs", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00153-00049257-00049535": "Virginia Tech until recently offered the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00154-00049536-00049817": "degree program but has since replaced it", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00155-00049818-00050146": "with programs in architecture and design", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00156-00050147-00050606": "research and planning governance and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00157-00050607-00051119": "globalization Fanshawe College in London", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00158-00051120-00051404": "Ontario Canada offers an honours", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00159-00051405-00051569": "bachelor's degree called", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00160-00051570-00052076": "environmental design and planning topic", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00161-00052077-00052342": "related programs University of", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00162-00052343-00052661": "missouri-columbia PhD in human", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00163-00052662-00053024": "environmental sciences PDF file with", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00164-00053025-00053441": "emphasis in architectural studies Texas", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00165-00053442-00053784": "A&M University offers a PhD in", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00166-00053785-00054004": "architecture that emphasizes", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00167-00054005-00055276": "Environmental Design topic examples", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00168-00055277-00055555": "examples of the environmental design", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00169-00055557-00055847": "process include use of roadway noise", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00170-00055848-00056111": "computer models in design of noise", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00171-00056112-00056354": "barriers and use of roadway air", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00172-00056354-00056605": "dispersion models in analyzing and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00173-00056607-00057007": "designing urban highways designers", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00174-00057008-00057244": "consciously working with in this more", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00175-00057245-00057491": "recent framework of philosophy and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00176-00057491-00057742": "practice seek a blending of nature and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00177-00057744-00058025": "technology regarding ecology as the", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00178-00058026-00058201": "basis for design", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00179-00058202-00058471": "some believe that strategies of", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00180-00058472-00058694": "conservation stewardship and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00181-00058695-00058954": "regeneration can be applied at all", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00182-00058955-00059194": "levels of scale from the individual", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00183-00059195-00059459": "building to the community with benefit", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00184-00059460-00059707": "to the human individual and local and", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00185-00059708-00060200": "Planetary ecosystems specific examples", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00186-00060201-00060454": "of large-scale environmental design", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00187-00060455-00060880": "projects include Boston Transportation", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00188-00060882-00061310": "Planning review but Bay Area Rapid", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00189-00061311-00061591": "Transit System daly city turn back", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00190-00061592-00062026": "project and airport extension", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00191-00062027-00062315": "metropolitan portland oregon light rail", "jCIdEnqP6-u-00192-00062316-00062594": "system"}}, {"audio_id": "jD0eQ5kYfz4", "text": {"jD0eQ5kYfz4-00000-00000046-00000281": "descriptive ethics also known as", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00001-00000282-00000461": "comparative ethics is the study of", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00002-00000462-00000709": "people's beliefs about morality it", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00003-00000710-00000883": "contrasts with prescriptive or normative", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00004-00000884-00001120": "ethics which is the study of ethical", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00005-00001121-00001307": "theories that prescribe how people ought", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00006-00001308-00001504": "to act and with meta ethics which is the", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00007-00001505-00001697": "study of what ethical terms and theories", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00008-00001698-00002005": "actually refer to the following examples", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00009-00002007-00002195": "of questions that might be considered in", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00010-00002196-00002384": "each field illustrate the differences", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00011-00002385-00002648": "between the fields descriptive ethics", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00012-00002649-00002926": "what do people think is right", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00013-00002927-00003267": "ethics what does write even mean", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00014-00003268-00003538": "normative prescriptive ethics how should", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00015-00003539-00003856": "people act applied ethics how do we take", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00016-00003857-00004346": "moral knowledge and put it into practice", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00017-00004347-00004924": "topic what is descriptive ethics", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00018-00004925-00005137": "descriptive ethics as a form of", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00019-00005138-00005350": "empirical research into the attitudes of", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00020-00005351-00005626": "individuals or groups of people in other", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00021-00005627-00005782": "words this is the division of", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00022-00005783-00005986": "philosophical or general ethics that", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00023-00005987-00006175": "involves the observation of the moral", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00024-00006176-00006364": "decision-making process with the goal of", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00025-00006365-00006643": "describing the phenomenon those working", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00026-00006644-00006831": "on descriptive ethics aim to uncover", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00027-00006833-00007027": "people's beliefs about such things as", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00028-00007028-00007213": "values which actions are right and wrong", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00029-00007214-00007420": "and which characteristics of moral", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00030-00007420-00007675": "agents are virtuous research into", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00031-00007676-00007888": "descriptive ethics may also investigate", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00032-00007889-00008092": "people's ethical ideals or what action", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00033-00008093-00008317": "society's reward or punish in law or", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00034-00008318-00008569": "politics what ought to be noted is that", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00035-00008570-00008832": "culture is generational and not static", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00036-00008833-00009055": "therefore a new generation will come", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00037-00009056-00009235": "with its own set of morals and that", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00038-00009236-00009523": "qualifies to be their ethics descriptive", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00039-00009524-00009709": "ethics will hence try to oversee whether", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00040-00009710-00010009": "ethics still holds its place because", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00041-00010010-00010213": "descriptive ethics involves empirical", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00042-00010214-00010408": "investigation it is a field that is", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00043-00010409-00010630": "usually investigated by those working in", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00044-00010631-00010771": "the fields of evolutionary biology", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00045-00010772-00011174": "psychology sociology or anthropology", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00046-00011175-00011403": "information that comes from descriptive", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00047-00011404-00011602": "ethics as however also used in", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00048-00011603-00011941": "philosophical arguments value theory can", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00049-00011942-00012133": "be either normative or descriptive but", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00050-00012134-00012544": "is usually descriptive", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00051-00012545-00012849": "topic Lawrence Kohlberg an example of", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00052-00012850-00013118": "descriptive ethics", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00053-00013119-00013304": "you", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00054-00013305-00013547": "Lawrence Kohlberg is one example of a", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00055-00013547-00013733": "psychologist working on descriptive", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00056-00013734-00014063": "ethics in one study for example Kohlberg", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00057-00014063-00014243": "questioned a group of boys about what", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00058-00014244-00014413": "would be a right or wrong action for a", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00059-00014415-00014612": "man facing a moral dilemma should he", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00060-00014613-00014825": "steal a drug to save his wife or refrain", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00061-00014826-00014969": "from theft even though that would lead", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00062-00014969-00015251": "to his wife's death Kohlberg's concern", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00063-00015252-00015455": "was not which choice the boys made but", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00064-00015456-00015593": "the moral reasoning that lay behind", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00065-00015594-00015854": "their decisions after carrying out a", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00066-00015855-00016052": "number of related studies Kohlberg", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00067-00016053-00016247": "devised a theory about the development", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00068-00016247-00016406": "of human moral reasoning that was", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00069-00016407-00016589": "intended to reflect the moral reasoning", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00070-00016590-00016790": "actually carried out by the participants", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00071-00016791-00017069": "in his research Kohlberg's research can", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00072-00017070-00017249": "be classed as descriptive ethics to the", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00073-00017250-00017453": "extent that he describes human beings", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00074-00017454-00017765": "actual moral development if in contrast", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00075-00017766-00017948": "he had aimed to describe how humans", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00076-00017949-00018134": "ought to develop morally his theory", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00077-00018135-00018685": "would have involved prescriptive ethics", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00078-00018686-00019202": "topic references", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00079-00019203-00019696": "topic see also", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00080-00019697-00020172": "list of ethics topics meta ethics", "jD0eQ5kYfz4-00081-00020173-00020661": "moral reasoning moral psychology"}}, {"audio_id": "jDk1mcoOIK8", "text": {"jDk1mcoOIK8-00000-00015228-00015497": "the graveyard shift of the igf it's the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00001-00015497-00015755": "end of the end and anybody who is online", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00002-00015756-00015922": "with us and anybody who's hearing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00003-00015923-00016133": "presence I'll give props to to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00004-00016134-00016397": "particular to to my friends here Claudia", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00005-00016398-00016600": "and Maria for being here thank you both", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00006-00016601-00016936": "as well for being here so what is this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00007-00016937-00017194": "project this is something that has I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00008-00017195-00017369": "have been developing in my consultancy", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00009-00017370-00017735": "for the past year and a half uh it is an", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00010-00017736-00018017": "attempt to bridge between", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00011-00018018-00018322": "internet governance and health and why", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00012-00018323-00018569": "is that necessary because we attempted", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00013-00018570-00018857": "to make a lot of different panels at the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00014-00018858-00019186": "igf about health and we were not finding", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00015-00019187-00019372": "a lot of traction wouldn't you say that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00016-00019373-00019775": "Ron were we from your audience", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00017-00019776-00019972": "oh yeah I'd say that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00018-00019973-00020153": "I'd say that's the play way of putting", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00019-00020154-00020333": "it indeed yeah it's it's one of those", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00020-00020334-00020586": "topics that is really really important", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00021-00020587-00020849": "but it's one of those topics that's also", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00022-00020850-00021185": "uh often so misunderstood that people", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00023-00021186-00021413": "aren't sure where to jump in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00024-00021414-00021725": "yeah that's exactly that so with the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00025-00021726-00021935": "help of lightning Freedom which is a fun", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00026-00021936-00022144": "from from lachnik to develop new", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00027-00022145-00022414": "projects I was able to to develop a bit", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00028-00022415-00022739": "of a what I hope is a basis for us to do", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00029-00022740-00022985": "with this matter so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00030-00022986-00023194": "without further delay", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00031-00023195-00023489": "uh what is this exactly right what are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00032-00023490-00023836": "we looking into this is a two", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00033-00023837-00024058": "that we are attempting to bridge", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00034-00024059-00024293": "internet governance and health it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00035-00024294-00024508": "supposed to be a bit of a blueprint for", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00036-00024509-00024730": "that and what was our scope the lack", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00037-00024731-00025030": "region which is huge usually people only", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00038-00025031-00025247": "researched Latin America but here we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00039-00025248-00025606": "added the Caribbean as well and the goal", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00040-00025607-00025828": "is basically to inform policy makers on", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00041-00025829-00026014": "what are the approaches that can be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00042-00026016-00026212": "taken what kinds of policies can we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00043-00026213-00026524": "actually engage with to work with health", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00044-00026525-00026773": "and our sources are very interesting", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00045-00026774-00027095": "it's uh it's a mishmash of a lot of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00046-00027095-00027383": "things so if you look here yes we have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00047-00027383-00027749": "plenty of official sources but for many", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00048-00027750-00027905": "countries in Latin America and this is a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00049-00027906-00028114": "reality in the developing world you just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00050-00028116-00028355": "have to go out there and really look for", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00051-00028356-00028714": "different things so we used anything", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00052-00028716-00028973": "from laws and executive orders which are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00053-00028974-00029273": "very formal all the way to communicates", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00054-00029274-00029633": "and even tweets from governments so some", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00055-00029633-00029807": "governments in Latin America", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00056-00029808-00030017": "publish their policy decisions via", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00057-00030018-00030370": "tweets or via Facebook posts and that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00058-00030372-00030574": "had to be at the end of the day some of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00059-00030575-00030940": "our canonic sources and that's the kind", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00060-00030941-00031133": "of thing that really puts into", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00061-00031133-00031477": "perspective the kind of gaps that we see", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00062-00031477-00031852": "uh when it comes to health uh Ron you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00063-00031854-00032129": "you come from Canada it's way more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00064-00032130-00032501": "systematized but uh would you say that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00065-00032502-00032717": "Health legislation is taken super", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00066-00032718-00032987": "seriously or is it a matter that people", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00067-00032988-00033311": "give less importance than it should be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00068-00033312-00033659": "yeah I think I think uh as we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00069-00033660-00033971": "as we move from uh country to Country uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00070-00033972-00034174": "every nation has its own set of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00071-00034175-00034396": "protocols rules and and so forth", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00072-00034397-00034679": "unfortunately in the global North we're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00073-00034680-00034846": "more advanced than we are in the global", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00074-00034847-00035074": "South and so in the global South you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00075-00035075-00035285": "know we do see the situation that you're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00076-00035286-00035483": "quite well aware of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00077-00035484-00035723": "um where you have your", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00078-00035724-00035933": "um you're in a situation where you're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00079-00035934-00036227": "you people get on a bus and they will", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00080-00036228-00036437": "share with others on that bus they have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00081-00036438-00036629": "a bottle of medicine in their hands and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00082-00036630-00036773": "they're willing to sell them at one", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00083-00036774-00036995": "tablet per person", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00084-00036996-00037205": "um whereas in Canada it's coming from a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00085-00037206-00037451": "prescription environment uh and it's a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00086-00037452-00037721": "much more controlled and organized", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00087-00037722-00037979": "system but the fact is we are really", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00088-00037980-00038218": "living in this you know accelerated", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00089-00038219-00038489": "change and uh you know technology is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00090-00038490-00038711": "driven by low-cost Computing technology", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00091-00038712-00038890": "is driven by", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00092-00038891-00039112": "um access the access to medicines in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00093-00039113-00039317": "across the border that was never there", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00094-00039318-00039527": "before so I think that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00095-00039528-00039689": "um the good news is it's moving in the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00096-00039690-00039880": "right direction but it's not necessarily", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00097-00039881-00040109": "moving as fast as one would like to see", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00098-00040110-00040373": "yeah that's my you mentioned something", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00099-00040374-00040612": "incredibly valid which is exactly that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00100-00040613-00040817": "we've seen some developing countries", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00101-00040818-00041033": "exactly the situation people going to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00102-00041034-00041351": "the bus and buy one unit of one specific", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00103-00041352-00041501": "medicine it's something we see here in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00104-00041502-00041705": "Africa as well from exchanging with our", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00105-00041706-00041890": "friends we've had", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00106-00041891-00042173": "um a Nigerian specialist in medicine in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00107-00042174-00042365": "one of our previous panel so it's a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00108-00042366-00042521": "situation that we see across the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00109-00042522-00042724": "developing world that it's not exactly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00110-00042725-00043024": "you know ideal and in our sources this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00111-00043025-00043259": "is very much reflected how much this is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00112-00043260-00043462": "too hot podge how much this is strong", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00113-00043463-00043673": "together it's not something that is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00114-00043674-00043852": "really being taken as seriously as", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00115-00043853-00044080": "People's Health would deserve that to be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00116-00044081-00044212": "taken seriously", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00117-00044213-00044368": "so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00118-00044369-00044633": "we started this research with four", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00119-00044634-00044843": "questions that we were hoping to answer", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00120-00044844-00045107": "and I'll go through them if you don't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00121-00045108-00045371": "mind so what is the legal situation of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00122-00045372-00045593": "the country regarding telemedicine and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00123-00045594-00045767": "importantly if it is legal who has", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00124-00045768-00045977": "access to that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00125-00045978-00046121": "second question is does the country", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00126-00046122-00046295": "allow the purchase of medicines using", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00127-00046296-00046558": "the internet under what circumstances so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00128-00046559-00046823": "basically can you get on a website and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00129-00046824-00047051": "Order medication that you need", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00130-00047052-00047237": "third does the country allow personal", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00131-00047238-00047399": "importation of medicines using the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00132-00047400-00047621": "internet under what circumstances and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00133-00047622-00047861": "this is a topic in which my friend Ron", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00134-00047862-00048167": "is a specialist it is about you getting", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00135-00048168-00048407": "medicine from Summer that's not your", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00136-00048408-00048899": "country because a it's cheaper okay or B", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00137-00048900-00049139": "because it's not legal in your country", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00138-00049140-00049330": "to have that medicine even though your", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00139-00049331-00049517": "provider has said this is what will save", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00140-00049518-00049877": "your life right and finally what is the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00141-00049878-00050105": "price of certainty drugs in the country", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00142-00050106-00050308": "and how do these prices compare to other", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00143-00050309-00050507": "countries in the region this is another", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00144-00050508-00050729": "thing that we have observed with this we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00145-00050730-00050957": "follow this research sometimes you have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00146-00050958-00051251": "neighboring countries with 200 percent", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00147-00051252-00051479": "difference in price 300 difference in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00148-00051479-00051640": "price for the same medicine same", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00149-00051641-00051946": "compound same maker how come it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00150-00051947-00052096": "medicine everybody needs that people", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00151-00052097-00052270": "need to be safe people need to be kept", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00152-00052271-00052511": "alive and yet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00153-00052512-00052792": "why is that there that difference I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00154-00052794-00053015": "wonder Ron if you could speak a little", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00155-00053016-00053303": "bit about your your experience getting", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00156-00053304-00053494": "those medicines from Canada to the US", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00157-00053495-00053716": "and what does that situation look like", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00158-00053717-00053897": "because that's the developed word and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00159-00053898-00054088": "it's a scary Prospect can you tell us a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00160-00054089-00054299": "little bit about that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00161-00054300-00054526": "it's a very scary Prospect because as", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00162-00054527-00054761": "you can if you as you just said if this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00163-00054762-00055144": "is happening in a in between nations and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00164-00055145-00055379": "governments that are a little bit more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00165-00055379-00055476": "um", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00166-00055477-00055703": "further down the road in terms of having", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00167-00055704-00055871": "organized these things let's put it that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00168-00055872-00056123": "way at the end of the day what's really", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00169-00056124-00056530": "frustrating is that uh we have two sets", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00170-00056532-00056742": "of rules one set of rules that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00171-00056744-00056976": "governments and administrative", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00172-00056977-00057238": "authorities look at in terms of what you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00173-00057239-00057425": "can do and what you cannot do", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00174-00057426-00057737": "and another set of rules that uh The", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00175-00057738-00057982": "Gatekeepers the internet Gatekeepers are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00176-00057983-00058385": "managing our on our behalf on our behalf", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00177-00058386-00058630": "um Mutual behalf as it were basically", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00178-00058632-00058894": "where The Gatekeepers are saying well", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00179-00058895-00059279": "the rules are that you cannot advertise", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00180-00059279-00059675": "a Canadian pharmacy uh if it's an", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00181-00059676-00060076": "internet Pharmacy on the U.S viewed", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00182-00060077-00060263": "websites that people would act access", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00183-00060264-00060544": "from the United States uh however a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00184-00060545-00060754": "rogue Pharmacy can come in and it can", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00185-00060755-00061042": "put umlauts over the O and it can put a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00186-00061044-00061300": "couple of dashes and accents around ease", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00187-00061301-00061697": "and eyes which are obviously uh it's an", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00188-00061698-00061949": "obviously fake advertisement and yet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00189-00061950-00062200": "they're able to advertise so we're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00190-00062201-00062357": "really between a rock and a hard place", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00191-00062358-00062573": "here and unless there's some kind of a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00192-00062574-00062782": "agreement by the internet Community", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00193-00062783-00063088": "whether they be uh the what we'll call", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00194-00063089-00063287": "the the plumbers the guys who provide", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00195-00063288-00063419": "all of the infrastructure or what", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00196-00063420-00063732": "whether they be on the policy side from", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00197-00063733-00064042": "just the community as a whole until we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00198-00064044-00064180": "get to a place where that has been", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00199-00064182-00064349": "developed we're going to have this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00200-00064350-00064716": "continued disparity where actually", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00201-00064717-00064973": "instead of doing the right thing a lot", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00202-00064974-00065123": "of The Gatekeepers are just allowing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00203-00065124-00065303": "those advertisers those Rogue", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00204-00065304-00065500": "advertisers to to advertise their", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00205-00065501-00065873": "products Xanax no prescription for", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00206-00065874-00066011": "example", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00207-00066012-00066238": "um these are really really deadly drugs", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00208-00066239-00066617": "they can misuse could be uh quite a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00209-00066618-00066917": "serious have quite serious impact so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00210-00066918-00067121": "um it's really important that we get", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00211-00067122-00067361": "some traction and we get some uh real", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00212-00067362-00067661": "movement toward standards and Norms uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00213-00067662-00067894": "on a internet basis because once that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00214-00067895-00068117": "happens I believe that governments and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00215-00068118-00068297": "administrations will follow that lead", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00216-00068298-00068506": "That's My Hope", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00217-00068507-00068687": "yeah and this is a problem in the group", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00218-00068688-00068987": "global North so what did we get based on", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00219-00068988-00069137": "everything that Ron just said and the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00220-00069138-00069382": "research that they do in the north what", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00221-00069383-00069581": "we thought was what does this look like", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00222-00069582-00069869": "in the global South because if it's this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00223-00069870-00070067": "stuff up there where it's overly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00224-00070068-00070349": "regulated there's a lot of interest in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00225-00070350-00070565": "the Pharma industry how does it look in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00226-00070566-00071009": "our Latin American region right and it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00227-00071010-00071393": "the thing why does it matter right we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00228-00071394-00071626": "started looking at the at the literature", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00229-00071627-00071969": "and some scary things come to be and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00230-00071970-00072113": "they're logical but we don't think about", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00231-00072114-00072400": "them right if people need medicine", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00232-00072401-00072629": "and they cannot afford it what do they", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00233-00072630-00072917": "do they go look for cheaper alternatives", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00234-00072918-00073235": "right and you bump into this statistic", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00235-00073236-00073450": "one in 10 medicine is circulating on the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00236-00073451-00073715": "internet of inferior quality or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00237-00073716-00073949": "counterfeits so there's a one in 10", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00238-00073950-00074129": "chance that in this search for something", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00239-00074130-00074338": "cheaper they will end up with something", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00240-00074339-00074615": "that may seriously harm their health or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00241-00074616-00074776": "kill them", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00242-00074777-00075071": "so this is something that's pretty scary", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00243-00075072-00075400": "in my view because we are not doing our", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00244-00075401-00075575": "due diligence as well mentioned there's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00245-00075576-00075856": "Pharmacy out there this Rogue pharmacies", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00246-00075857-00076171": "these are operations that are Global", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00247-00076172-00076469": "generally acting from two certain", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00248-00076470-00076853": "countries uh and what do they do they", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00249-00076854-00077099": "use every tool available in the internet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00250-00077100-00077344": "governance toolkit right they do search", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00251-00077345-00077735": "engine optimization they do use the the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00252-00077736-00077981": "DNS the domain name system in a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00253-00077982-00078167": "malicious way to try to get it across", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00254-00078168-00078394": "like Ron said by changing their name", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00255-00078395-00078544": "slightly and pretending it should be a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00256-00078545-00078809": "website by phishing credentials all", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00257-00078810-00078941": "kinds of things and at the end of the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00258-00078942-00079132": "day what do they do once they get a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00259-00079133-00079355": "credential of a person once that person", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00260-00079356-00079655": "is in their database every month they", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00261-00079656-00079823": "come back and call the person and go", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00262-00079824-00080093": "like hey your prescription ran out you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00263-00080094-00080303": "need more and they keep pushing this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00264-00080304-00080632": "medicine that may be insufficient it may", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00265-00080633-00080999": "be laced with something addictive so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00266-00081000-00081173": "that the person will keep on getting", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00267-00081174-00081467": "only that medicine from them or it may", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00268-00081468-00081761": "be outright something poisonous so this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00269-00081762-00081976": "is not a good look and this is why we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00270-00081977-00082115": "think it matters", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00271-00082116-00082282": "so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00272-00082283-00082619": "what's the situation right in the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00273-00082620-00082835": "internet governance Feud every time we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00274-00082836-00083075": "try to bring this this topic it doesn't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00275-00083076-00083309": "attract much attention this session is a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00276-00083310-00083482": "reflection of that but well we are in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00277-00083483-00083776": "the graveyard shift but broadly there is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00278-00083777-00083993": "no interest right people seem to look at", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00279-00083994-00084287": "Health as if it is something minor or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00280-00084288-00084491": "tangential even though we just came out", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00281-00084492-00084850": "of a global pandemic so you know the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00282-00084851-00085019": "internet keeps growing during the entire", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00283-00085020-00085265": "pandemics it grew and it is something we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00284-00085266-00085469": "need to be looking into at least that's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00285-00085470-00085799": "our idea or why we are doing this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00286-00085800-00086099": "so in fact Mark if I could just if I can", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00287-00086100-00086297": "just share that uh you know when you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00288-00086298-00086494": "talk about the pandemic", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00289-00086495-00086759": "um we found that statistically uh you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00290-00086760-00086897": "know we've we've watched a lot of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00291-00086898-00087076": "different surveys and research coming", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00292-00087077-00087394": "out and uh basically you know Americans", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00293-00087395-00087599": "across all demographics we're purchasing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00294-00087600-00087929": "medicine online during the uh during the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00295-00087930-00088156": "pandemic and in fact", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00296-00088157-00088325": "um they were doing it you know sixty", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00297-00088326-00088487": "percent were saying it was because of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00298-00088488-00088823": "the convenience and uh and the 56", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00299-00088824-00089032": "percent were saying because of cost at", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00300-00089033-00089255": "the end of the day people are going", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00301-00089256-00089411": "online looking for these things there's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00302-00089412-00089531": "absolutely no doubt about it the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00303-00089532-00089705": "question is where is the source of the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00304-00089706-00089849": "information they're getting", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00305-00089850-00090088": "is that a safe and trusted place or not", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00306-00090089-00090299": "and so that's what we're seeing here uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00307-00090300-00090575": "the pandemic really amp things up", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00308-00090576-00090797": "yeah and and thinking about that right", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00309-00090798-00091141": "we saw a lot of miracle cures as well", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00310-00091142-00091444": "websites pretending like they could cure", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00311-00091445-00091709": "kovi 19 we saw or all kinds of stuff", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00312-00091710-00091853": "didn't we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00313-00091854-00092176": "yeah yeah absolutely", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00314-00092177-00092494": "so it's like when we stop to look and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00315-00092495-00092723": "consider all these things", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00316-00092724-00092975": "we looked at all of these countries", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00317-00092976-00093275": "which constitute most of Latin America", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00318-00093276-00093497": "in the Caribbean unfortunately some", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00319-00093498-00093737": "nations in the Caribbean are so small", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00320-00093738-00094000": "that it's almost impossible to get there", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00321-00094001-00094391": "on them but still we went for most of it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00322-00094392-00094715": "and the results we have are pretty", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00323-00094716-00095009": "interesting I will discuss them briefly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00324-00095010-00095225": "and Ron will will help me out with some", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00325-00095226-00095368": "comments about this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00326-00095369-00095597": "so what does it look like in terms of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00327-00095598-00095765": "telemedicine", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00328-00095766-00096167": "after the pandemic as you can see a lot", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00329-00096168-00096388": "became legal there's plenty of countries", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00330-00096389-00096623": "that approved their telemedicine laws in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00331-00096624-00096988": "2020 2021 or something somewhere ahead", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00332-00096989-00097241": "of the curve and had already been making", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00333-00097242-00097511": "it legal for the past decade but we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00334-00097512-00097726": "still have countries to this day in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00335-00097727-00097979": "which what we called a gray area what is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00336-00097980-00098273": "a gray area you don't have specific laws", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00337-00098274-00098518": "when you don't have specific laws what", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00338-00098519-00098806": "happens is you don't know the protection", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00339-00098807-00098999": "the predictioner may not be safe the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00340-00099000-00099232": "doctor may not be safe and the patient", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00341-00099233-00099437": "may not be safe depending on the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00342-00099438-00099653": "procedure and this is not happening", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00343-00099654-00099941": "exactly in only in very small countries", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00344-00099942-00100176": "right you have countries like Honduras", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00345-00100177-00100541": "you know still gray area you have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00346-00100542-00100823": "countries where we said it's mostly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00347-00100824-00101087": "legal like Ecuador it's a major country", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00348-00101088-00101231": "in Latin America", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00349-00101232-00101561": "mostly legal because we've it appears to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00350-00101562-00101885": "be legal right Guatemala you know the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00351-00101886-00102274": "Guyana it appears to be legal but what", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00352-00102275-00102497": "does it mean for the patient and for the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00353-00102498-00102694": "practitioner when you say that something", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00354-00102695-00103018": "appears to be legal it probably means", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00355-00103019-00103271": "that if something goes wrong you don't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00356-00103272-00103578": "have the correct backing to actually", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00357-00103579-00103925": "either do this in a in a manner that's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00358-00103926-00104140": "good for everyone in a manner that makes", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00359-00104141-00104428": "sense in a way that's the both parties", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00360-00104429-00104747": "are protected and I think that's you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00361-00104748-00104999": "know pretty risky do you have an opinion", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00362-00105000-00105136": "on that one Ron", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00363-00105138-00105389": "well actually I'm wondering how that uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00364-00105390-00105610": "I mean I'm impressed by the depth of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00365-00105611-00105881": "research and the and your sources", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00366-00105882-00106090": "um we smiled about that before the fact", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00367-00106091-00106283": "that you know just there's not that much", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00368-00106283-00106451": "research that's black on white", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00369-00106452-00106654": "necessarily and in files you have to go", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00370-00106655-00106816": "look for it and you find it even in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00371-00106817-00106936": "tweets", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00372-00106938-00107093": "um but at the end of the day I wanted to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00373-00107094-00107513": "know what your uh General view is on the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00374-00107514-00107716": "chart that you have for uh for Latin", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00375-00107717-00107915": "America versus what you might see in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00376-00107916-00108131": "other Global South parts of the world", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00377-00108132-00108401": "Africa for example would you what's your", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00378-00108402-00108634": "experience in in that this chart you're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00379-00108635-00109049": "showing us now is a similar different or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00380-00109050-00109234": "something between", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00381-00109235-00109601": "so just as a joke I got this exact First", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00382-00109602-00109907": "Column to try to gather data from Africa", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00383-00109908-00110327": "and turns out it's even harder which was", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00384-00110328-00110566": "you know scary because this honestly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00385-00110567-00110836": "took a year to compile and looking", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00386-00110838-00111101": "forward looking ahead of this as a motto", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00387-00111102-00111323": "even charging the legality of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00388-00111324-00111599": "telemedicine in Africa is looking like a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00389-00111600-00111749": "massive effort it's something that we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00390-00111750-00111995": "would need to get really multiple people", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00391-00111996-00112204": "involved it can be a research as small", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00392-00112205-00112558": "as this one and that's the thing that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00393-00112559-00112715": "what does this look like in the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00394-00112716-00112960": "developing World in general you hit the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00395-00112961-00113213": "yeah the nail in the head right it was", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00396-00113214-00113404": "difficult for Latin America", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00397-00113405-00113716": "for Africa like or the our first Pilots", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00398-00113717-00113933": "didn't even look like a thing we would", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00399-00113933-00114071": "really need to partner with a lot of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00400-00114072-00114340": "people so it's scary right I'm looking", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00401-00114341-00114634": "at a table that's incomplete and there", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00402-00114635-00114790": "are Stables that may be even more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00403-00114791-00115031": "incomplete right that's the thing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00404-00115032-00115301": "and if you look at the second one this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00405-00115302-00115504": "this is the scary one for me local", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00406-00115505-00115834": "medicine purchase with the internet so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00407-00115835-00116008": "when you look at that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00408-00116009-00116219": "you will see for example there's a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00409-00116220-00116428": "country that says straight up illegal", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00410-00116429-00116710": "what that means is you log into the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00411-00116711-00116939": "internet you need a medicine you try to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00412-00116940-00117263": "purchase it you can't you literally are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00413-00117264-00117515": "not allowed by law to do that you have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00414-00117516-00117604": "to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00415-00117605-00117839": "get out of your house what if your", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00416-00117840-00118145": "elderly immunosuppressed what if you're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00417-00118146-00118384": "locking down from covet what if any of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00418-00118385-00118547": "that is true well that's your problem", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00419-00118548-00118847": "you deal with it you're not allowed by", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00420-00118848-00119086": "law to do it and we also bumped into", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00421-00119088-00119416": "places that are apparently illegal and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00422-00119417-00119771": "then there are again those gray areas", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00423-00119772-00119999": "and gray hairs are scary things when you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00424-00120000-00120234": "think about online purchases of medicine", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00425-00120235-00120623": "because who has the the actual burden", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00426-00120624-00120940": "there right what are we looking into is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00427-00120941-00121133": "it about the the person who is selling", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00428-00121133-00121336": "is it a person who's receiving where's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00429-00121338-00121547": "the responsibility there does the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00430-00121548-00121804": "country actually guarantee anything", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00431-00121805-00122110": "about that medicine right so when we see", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00432-00122111-00122369": "when we saw so many gray areas", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00433-00122370-00122639": "and those that are mostly allowed what", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00434-00122640-00122977": "do we call mostly allowed it is we think", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00435-00122978-00123377": "putting together laws tweets Facebook", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00436-00123378-00123773": "posts it looks like it might be illegal", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00437-00123774-00123869": "to do it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00438-00123870-00124090": "but is that the kind of assurance we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00439-00124091-00124313": "want to give people who just came out of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00440-00124314-00124534": "a pandemic there may be other pandemics", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00441-00124535-00124804": "there may be all kinds of situations is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00442-00124805-00125033": "that something that we are trying to to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00443-00125033-00125321": "say is a good place to be in right so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00444-00125322-00125584": "this is one of the scariest Notions that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00445-00125585-00125897": "came out of this research that over half", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00446-00125898-00126143": "of Latin America we cannot say for sure", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00447-00126144-00126473": "that the person can go in purchase a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00448-00126474-00126766": "medicine and call that a legal Act", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00449-00126767-00127021": "right what about the people who can't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00450-00127022-00127366": "what do you think Rose well no well so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00451-00127367-00127577": "this this really comes down back down to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00452-00127578-00127745": "that core", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00453-00127746-00128015": "decision uh from a nation's point of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00454-00128016-00128315": "view uh is it is this are we going to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00455-00128316-00128633": "abide by a law that was written at some", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00456-00128633-00128860": "point in time when the internet was", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00457-00128861-00129166": "never as prevalent as it is today uh or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00458-00129167-00129431": "are we going to abide more of from a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00459-00129432-00129616": "compassionate point of view what's the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00460-00129617-00129910": "more more appropriate view for how we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00461-00129911-00130277": "deal with our citizenry uh pardon me in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00462-00130278-00130552": "a nation and I think that uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00463-00130553-00130889": "it's too easy for uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00464-00130890-00131081": "governments law enforcement to say okay", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00465-00131082-00131261": "here's our hard and fast rule that's it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00466-00131262-00131587": "because for when it comes to enforcement", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00467-00131588-00131807": "uh those", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00468-00131808-00132040": "officers of the law are really doing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00469-00132041-00132293": "their job but the job is uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00470-00132294-00132414": "unfortunately", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00471-00132415-00132839": "not keeping up with the times and so we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00472-00132840-00133007": "had a decision some years ago here at", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00473-00133008-00133187": "igf and one of our panelists talked", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00474-00133188-00133402": "about he asked a couple of questions and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00475-00133403-00133583": "one of them was", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00476-00133584-00133931": "um if I go to another country and I go", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00477-00133932-00134116": "into a pharmacy and I can buy medicine", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00478-00134117-00134513": "that I need at a lower cost uh and I buy", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00479-00134514-00134675": "a three month subscription and come home", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00480-00134676-00134927": "have I broken the law have I done", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00481-00134928-00135119": "something really wrong I bought the same", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00482-00135120-00135323": "medication that I'm being prescribed by", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00483-00135324-00135545": "my doctor I've taken that into another", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00484-00135546-00135802": "country and that in that country their", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00485-00135803-00136087": "Pharmacy has reviewed that reviewed my", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00486-00136088-00136457": "my medical history and uh and then they", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00487-00136458-00136751": "prescribed that product for me to use", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00488-00136752-00137033": "for my health uh is that against the law", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00489-00137034-00137333": "and then if I come across the border is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00490-00137334-00137716": "it appropriate that um customs should", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00491-00137717-00137957": "take that away from me because under", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00492-00137958-00138185": "their rules I'm not supposed to be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00493-00138186-00138419": "bringing that into the country now", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00494-00138420-00138581": "within the Canada United States", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00495-00138582-00138857": "situation A 90-day prescription of a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00496-00138858-00139211": "medicine based on a prescription that's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00497-00139212-00139540": "been fulfilled by a pharmacist meets all", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00498-00139541-00139745": "the requirements but the fact of the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00499-00139746-00139877": "matter is you still have these", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00500-00139878-00140152": "situations where I might order that by", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00501-00140153-00140381": "mail and it may not show up in my", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00502-00140382-00140602": "mailbox but it's medicine that I truly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00503-00140603-00140897": "need and as a result of that being", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00504-00140898-00141064": "caught in the mail because it doesn't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00505-00141065-00141335": "meet Arcane rules from a time where the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00506-00141336-00141502": "internet was not nearly as prevalent as", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00507-00141503-00141881": "it is today is really not necessarily", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00508-00141882-00142127": "The Benchmark that we want to be pushing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00509-00142128-00142361": "out to a global Community what we should", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00510-00142362-00142499": "be doing is establishing something", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00511-00142500-00142702": "that's much more standardized and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00512-00142703-00142943": "provides the levels of Safety and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00513-00142944-00143164": "Security you talked about earlier about", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00514-00143165-00143435": "falsified medicines or substandard", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00515-00143436-00143699": "medicines that that's a really serious", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00516-00143700-00144137": "issue because if I'm a doctor prescribes", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00517-00144138-00144316": "a specific amount of medication I should", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00518-00144317-00144485": "take every day I need to take that every", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00519-00144486-00144659": "day if that's going to improve my health", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00520-00144660-00144869": "I can't be taking something substandard", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00521-00144870-00145061": "thinking I'm going to find my way out of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00522-00145062-00145397": "that particular circumstance so it's it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00523-00145398-00145577": "is really a difficult difficult", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00524-00145578-00145771": "situation to address", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00525-00145772-00146116": "particularly because the growing number", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00526-00146117-00146381": "of people buying medicine online just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00527-00146382-00146647": "like I can buy a car online", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00528-00146648-00146981": "that's a serious investment series a lot", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00529-00146982-00147131": "of thought given to it and so forth so I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00530-00147132-00147377": "can go and find that why can I not get", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00531-00147378-00147587": "my maintenance medications because we're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00532-00147588-00147749": "not talking about opioids here we're not", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00533-00147750-00148090": "talking about uh medicines that need to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00534-00148091-00148319": "be kept Frozen uh for a particular", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00535-00148320-00148463": "period of time those types of things", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00536-00148464-00148571": "we're talking about maintenance", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00537-00148572-00148733": "medications my blood pressure or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00538-00148734-00148949": "whatever that might be that uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00539-00148950-00149195": "individuals need so this is the tricky", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00540-00149196-00149351": "part that we're we're really dealing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00541-00149352-00149507": "with right now", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00542-00149508-00149735": "yeah I I think you you hit it right in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00543-00149736-00149981": "the head like who has control over this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00544-00149982-00150173": "governance basically because we are not", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00545-00150174-00150352": "discussing it we are not pushing any", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00546-00150353-00150616": "kind of policy in any Forum to advance", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00547-00150617-00151049": "these questions so even though it is a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00548-00151050-00151289": "thing that I think we have proven is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00549-00151290-00151504": "important we are not discussing it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00550-00151505-00151666": "anywhere we are not advancing the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00551-00151667-00151883": "discussion of how to make this legal for", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00552-00151884-00152128": "everyone and then the discussion is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00553-00152129-00152278": "happening Mark if I might jump on that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00554-00152279-00152459": "part go for me for interrupting where", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00555-00152460-00152602": "that conversation is happening is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00556-00152603-00152831": "happening in a closed Echo chamber it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00557-00152832-00153071": "happening exactly you know the FDA in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00558-00153072-00153287": "the room and the lobbyists in the room", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00559-00153288-00153419": "and a number of people in the room", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00560-00153420-00153563": "because they have a specific outcome", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00561-00153564-00153761": "that they would like to see passed in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00562-00153762-00154037": "some some type of legislation but the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00563-00154038-00154343": "actual consumers uh and those who are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00564-00154344-00154552": "serving those those in need of those", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00565-00154553-00154787": "meta medicines they're not in the room", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00566-00154788-00154931": "to have that participate in that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00567-00154932-00155140": "conversation so it really is a closed", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00568-00155141-00155254": "loop that they're having that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00569-00155255-00155387": "conversation in and that's very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00570-00155388-00155663": "frustrating I think uh you're right that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00571-00155664-00155878": "we have to find a way but we can't find", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00572-00155879-00156011": "a way unless we actually have have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00573-00156012-00156190": "people in the room that want to find a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00574-00156191-00156451": "solution as opposed to wanting to stop", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00575-00156452-00156737": "uh just stop all activity in terms of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00576-00156738-00156964": "using the internet for application to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00577-00156965-00157283": "your medicines uh to say it's all Rogue", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00578-00157284-00157433": "is really sticking your head in the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00579-00157434-00157649": "sound like an ostrich that's that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00580-00157650-00157852": "happens to be this current case and the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00581-00157853-00158009": "current situation we live in so I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00582-00158010-00158176": "apologize for jumping on you but it was", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00583-00158177-00158314": "an important point I wanted to get out", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00584-00158315-00158597": "no that's exactly it you you correct me", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00585-00158598-00158825": "in the in the best way possible people", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00586-00158826-00158993": "are discussing this it's just not us", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00587-00158994-00159161": "it's just not the people who are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00588-00159162-00159316": "actually affected by it it's just it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00589-00159317-00159563": "basically the companies or and a few", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00590-00159564-00159845": "legislators so when we come to the final", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00591-00159846-00160049": "part of the table here personal medicine", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00592-00160050-00160240": "importation this is where things get", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00593-00160241-00160540": "tricky like this this is tricky as hell", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00594-00160541-00160769": "right like you can see that this is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00595-00160770-00161045": "where the unknown starts and and this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00596-00161046-00161231": "unknown is very scary because it means", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00597-00161232-00161531": "like literally there's no rule so okay", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00598-00161532-00161735": "you have a disease you have to import a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00599-00161736-00162011": "medication to treat that disease can you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00600-00162012-00162263": "I don't know and we literally dug very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00601-00162264-00162401": "deep right it's not like we were doing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00602-00162402-00162557": "superficial research we were looking", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00603-00162558-00162695": "everywhere", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00604-00162696-00163043": "everywhere and there's no law saying", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00605-00163044-00163343": "whether you can do that in a lot of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00606-00163344-00163583": "countries in a very vast region and even", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00607-00163584-00163745": "in important countries I'm saying like", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00608-00163746-00163907": "every culture country is important but", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00609-00163908-00164159": "countries that have a massive size there", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00610-00164160-00164411": "you go you don't know and in some of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00611-00164412-00164795": "them okay it's allowed but then we got", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00612-00164796-00165107": "thinking what does allowed mean a loud", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00613-00165108-00165304": "is a very tricky word right it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00614-00165305-00165509": "incredibly tricky you can say yeah this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00615-00165510-00165743": "is allowed but we started digging into", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00616-00165744-00165989": "how many procedures do you have to go", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00617-00165990-00166237": "through to be able to get that medicine", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00618-00166238-00166475": "and that's when it gets super tricky", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00619-00166476-00166804": "because in some countries okay medium", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00620-00166805-00167002": "difficulty you'll spend like three", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00621-00167003-00167176": "months going after that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00622-00167177-00167476": "in other countries straight up it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00623-00167477-00167735": "wouldn't take less than a year right so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00624-00167736-00167981": "you need this medicine for today you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00625-00167982-00168226": "can't afford to this is where it comes", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00626-00168227-00168478": "it becomes a social thing because if", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00627-00168479-00168664": "you're rich you can fly to the country", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00628-00168665-00168928": "get the medicine and come back great", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00629-00168929-00169054": "you're saved", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00630-00169055-00169313": "if you're even middle class you can't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00631-00169314-00169649": "exactly do that can't you so why don't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00632-00169650-00169907": "you go to an online pharmacy and get the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00633-00169908-00170099": "medicine you need delivered to you well", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00634-00170100-00170399": "can you know very difficult allowed but", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00635-00170400-00170609": "difficult then it starts to get really", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00636-00170610-00170837": "tricky right because when you look at", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00637-00170838-00170969": "prices here", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00638-00170970-00171257": "we did some price comparison and in some", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00639-00171258-00171478": "countries and this is the Latin American", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00640-00171479-00171604": "region alone", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00641-00171605-00171881": "right you have a disparity of price of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00642-00171882-00172033": "as much as", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00643-00172034-00172378": "171 percent more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00644-00172379-00172661": "for the same medicine same brand same", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00645-00172662-00172901": "composition same everything", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00646-00172902-00173152": "so even if it's not a medicine that's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00647-00173153-00173513": "not allowed is it's really fair that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00648-00173514-00173843": "somebody has to pay 171 percent more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00649-00173844-00174059": "than their neighboring country instead", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00650-00174060-00174275": "of being able to just buy it from the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00651-00174276-00174539": "internet right we have Airbnb we have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00652-00174540-00174731": "Uber we have all of the swings but", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00653-00174732-00175031": "medicines are mystical so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00654-00175032-00175259": "this table has come to the general", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00655-00175260-00175535": "outcome of the research right it's a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00656-00175536-00175799": "it's a look and it's something that we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00657-00175800-00176009": "we are hoping will be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00658-00176010-00176297": "able to inspire other people or even", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00659-00176298-00176590": "ourselves to look into other places Ron", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00660-00176591-00176759": "asked the question writes what does this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00661-00176760-00177023": "look like in Africa that's a big big", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00662-00177024-00177149": "question we have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00663-00177150-00177299": "through the entire week we've been", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00664-00177300-00177490": "asking people from the region like do", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00665-00177491-00177640": "you know about this and the answer is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00666-00177641-00177935": "Jerry no I don't know I have no idea I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00667-00177936-00178211": "don't know my rights can I can't I like", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00668-00178212-00178343": "these are questions that we are not", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00669-00178344-00178637": "asking and that's why we feel that this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00670-00178638-00178864": "is an important research that maybe can", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00671-00178865-00179299": "be replicated in other places", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00672-00179300-00179728": "the market research is that the the in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00673-00179729-00179921": "terms of pricing there's always the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00674-00179922-00180101": "interesting aspect that one can address", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00675-00180102-00180371": "and say well you know every Market uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00676-00180372-00180664": "has its own uh price tolerance therefore", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00677-00180665-00180893": "you know a Mercedes-Benz that I buy in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00678-00180894-00181145": "Germany versus a Mercedes-Benz that I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00679-00181146-00181402": "buy in Miami Florida versus the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00680-00181403-00181726": "Mercedes-Benz I buy when I'm in uh in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00681-00181727-00182104": "Brazil uh each market has its own issues", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00682-00182105-00182466": "uh obviously uh in the sense of um", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00683-00182467-00182795": "emissions and uh you know different", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00684-00182796-00183016": "various aspects that might be with that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00685-00183017-00183245": "vehicle but the vehicle itself is the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00686-00183246-00183521": "same car and so you would wonder about", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00687-00183522-00183737": "market pricing and you say okay I can", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00688-00183738-00183899": "understand that perhaps it might be a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00689-00183900-00184138": "little less but buy that car in Brazil", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00690-00184139-00184475": "because that economy might be not as hot", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00691-00184476-00184714": "as the U.S economy as an example so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00692-00184715-00184913": "therefore the same car might cost twenty", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00693-00184914-00185081": "thousand dollars more in the United", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00694-00185082-00185387": "States than it does in Brazil so I can", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00695-00185388-00185602": "understand that Dynamic of pricing but", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00696-00185603-00185873": "you know when it comes to Medicine", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00697-00185874-00186071": "um medicine is you know it's it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00698-00186072-00186335": "chemical compounds put together there's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00699-00186336-00186616": "not a lot of different elements that one", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00700-00186617-00186790": "might put into the pills in Brazil", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00701-00186791-00187223": "versus the pills in Canada uh and that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00702-00187224-00187373": "is the point right", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00703-00187374-00187601": "and that's the point whether or not", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00704-00187602-00187840": "you know the affordability of medicines", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00705-00187841-00188057": "or the availability of medicines", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00706-00188058-00188254": "so I think it's really important what", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00707-00188255-00188387": "you're touching on here it's not just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00708-00188388-00188663": "about access it's about the cost because", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00709-00188664-00188861": "I may be able to buy in my country but", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00710-00188862-00189040": "the prices just so outrageous I can't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00711-00189041-00189299": "afford it uh and that's why I'm going", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00712-00189300-00189575": "across or going outside of my country to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00713-00189576-00189688": "get it now I shouldn't have to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00714-00189689-00189851": "physically do that I shouldn't have to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00715-00189852-00190090": "take my person outside the country to do", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00716-00190091-00190252": "it I should be able to go online and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00717-00190253-00190457": "figure out how to do that in a more safe", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00718-00190458-00190673": "way", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00719-00190674-00190919": "yeah or in other words does the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00720-00190920-00191183": "suffering of someone from a country does", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00721-00191184-00191345": "a person suffer Less in a country than", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00722-00191346-00191502": "the other for not having a medicine yeah", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00723-00191503-00191861": "exactly they don't obviously right", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00724-00191862-00192095": "they're suffering like somehow cheaper", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00725-00192096-00192328": "or more expensive that that's the real", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00726-00192329-00192461": "question right", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00727-00192462-00192731": "and we're not thinking about that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00728-00192732-00192940": "right how do we bring this into internet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00729-00192941-00193175": "governance this is where the the the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00730-00193176-00193378": "academic Parts start but I'll try not to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00731-00193379-00193511": "make it boring because it's rather", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00732-00193512-00193714": "simple there's this area called Health", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00733-00193715-00193978": "policy and systems research and it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00734-00193979-00194128": "surprisingly similar to internet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00735-00194129-00194309": "governance like way more than you would", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00736-00194310-00194435": "think they're all about", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00737-00194436-00194657": "multi-stakeholder collaboration and all", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00738-00194658-00194866": "the things that we talk about here it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00739-00194867-00195052": "the same for them they talk about", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00740-00195053-00195257": "Crossing Lines they talk about including", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00741-00195258-00195581": "policy makers stakeholders industry and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00742-00195582-00195857": "you know in doing that research you just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00743-00195858-00196066": "starts to see that there's hey there's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00744-00196067-00196366": "another multi-stakeholder Feud that's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00745-00196367-00196637": "also much like ours that could be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00746-00196638-00196987": "intersecting with ours but it isn't why", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00747-00196988-00197333": "well I will venture to say nobody's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00748-00197334-00197638": "trying so this is the attempt right they", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00749-00197639-00197749": "are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00750-00197750-00198119": "essentially very similar and they fall", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00751-00198120-00198352": "into this thing that we call like the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00752-00198353-00198533": "polycentric systems of governance which", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00753-00198534-00198743": "is basically what we do here right we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00754-00198744-00198899": "have competing interests but at some", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00755-00198900-00199109": "point we have to bring them together we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00756-00199110-00199300": "have to make those interests meet so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00757-00199301-00199588": "that we can actually progress and that's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00758-00199589-00199828": "the thing if we have two fields that are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00759-00199829-00199961": "so similar", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00760-00199962-00200171": "there are potentially ways to approach", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00761-00200172-00200350": "them there are potentially ways to make", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00762-00200351-00200578": "them work as a single thing it's just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00763-00200579-00200704": "not being done it's just not being", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00764-00200705-00201052": "researched", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00765-00201053-00201478": "so where do we start right we thought of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00766-00201479-00201640": "three points where we could start from", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00767-00201641-00201952": "so access to telemedicine and Telehealth", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00768-00201953-00202114": "that's good for those of you who", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00769-00202115-00202288": "downloaded the distinction telemedicine", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00770-00202289-00202540": "is like you get into the phone and your", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00771-00202541-00202757": "doctor talks to you and Telehealth is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00772-00202758-00203123": "you perform the entire", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00773-00203124-00203333": "um kind of consultation the entire thing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00774-00203334-00203681": "uh the entire procedures on the Internet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00775-00203682-00203926": "or online or digitally", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00776-00203927-00204131": "also the state of medicine through all", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00777-00204132-00204407": "in pharmacies and something that's more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00778-00204408-00204569": "common every day which is the exchange", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00779-00204570-00204844": "of medical data all of those fields very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00780-00204846-00205066": "viable to research but as we were", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00781-00205067-00205253": "talking", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00782-00205254-00205451": "the matter of Rogue pharmacies just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00783-00205452-00205738": "stands out a lot right it's it's very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00784-00205739-00206038": "tangible right it's very tangible we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00785-00206039-00206290": "have these actors using the internet to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00786-00206291-00206669": "sell Very Bad Things usually to elderly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00787-00206669-00206777": "people", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00788-00206778-00207034": "that's usually their targets for their", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00789-00207035-00207382": "scams and this doesn't look like", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00790-00207383-00207653": "something that we would find very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00791-00207654-00207838": "allowable right it's not the kind of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00792-00207839-00208138": "thing that we would think to ourselves", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00793-00208139-00208414": "yeah let's use the internet for that so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00794-00208415-00208660": "why exactly are we not combating that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00795-00208661-00208984": "why exactly are we being so lenient with", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00796-00208985-00209129": "these actors", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00797-00209130-00209327": "I don't see a reason for that I don't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00798-00209328-00209566": "see exactly why we are not being", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00799-00209567-00209963": "more combative against them because they", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00800-00209964-00210167": "make use of all of the things that we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00801-00210167-00210371": "are trying to protect here the DNS", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00802-00210371-00210563": "system the IP system everything that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00803-00210564-00210839": "we're fighting to to to to do they make", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00804-00210840-00211163": "use of that they sell from their country", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00805-00211164-00211331": "to another country", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00806-00211332-00211708": "so in terms of jurisdiction they are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00807-00211709-00211967": "they are sure being able to do in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00808-00211967-00212153": "transnational say of medicines that are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00809-00212154-00212363": "theoretically legal but here they're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00810-00212364-00212579": "doing really in a legal manner", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00811-00212580-00212867": "and they're rich right they have a lot", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00812-00212867-00213094": "of money there there's a lot of money", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00813-00213096-00213358": "behind that so if you shut down like one", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00814-00213359-00213598": "they can spawn another one the next day", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00815-00213600-00213808": "easy that's no problem for them that's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00816-00213809-00214060": "the kind of pattern we see even if we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00817-00214061-00214265": "try very hard to shut down like this is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00818-00214266-00214469": "all in Pharmacy we know it's Rogue it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00819-00214469-00214739": "telling people very bad stuff okay we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00820-00214740-00215021": "take them down next day new one doesn't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00821-00215021-00215267": "matter to them it's just a it's more of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00822-00215267-00215506": "a game right so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00823-00215507-00215848": "the the key thing here is you would", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00824-00215850-00216077": "think this is done in secret but it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00825-00216078-00216334": "not that's the one of the most worrisome", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00826-00216335-00216551": "things from our research forty percent", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00827-00216552-00216760": "of the traffic that these websites", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00828-00216761-00217006": "receive comes from search engines", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00829-00217007-00217294": "Google Bing Yahoo Baidu", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00830-00217296-00217594": "so it's not like people are exactly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00831-00217596-00217751": "going out of their way to find something", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00832-00217752-00217991": "secret or find some secret club or going", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00833-00217992-00218219": "to the dark net no no no they look up on", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00834-00218219-00218434": "Google and they find the pharmacy and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00835-00218435-00218573": "get there", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00836-00218573-00218855": "is that what we want I don't think it is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00837-00218856-00219119": "what we want it's just a matter of this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00838-00219119-00219371": "subject is not talked about seriously or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00839-00219371-00219491": "systematically", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00840-00219492-00219791": "and we end up with this blind spot where", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00841-00219792-00219923": "we're just not discussing these", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00842-00219923-00220108": "questions right", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00843-00220109-00220313": "and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00844-00220314-00220619": "here comes like the the big diagram and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00845-00220619-00220925": "here if people want to start chatting", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00846-00220926-00221201": "back to us this is a good point to start", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00847-00221202-00221381": "chatting back to us", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00848-00221382-00221501": "um", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00849-00221502-00221941": "what is this right this is an", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00850-00221942-00222227": "oversimplification of what things look", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00851-00222228-00222460": "like but", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00852-00222461-00222791": "I guess you can kind of follow it here's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00853-00222792-00223073": "the seller he's trying to Pedal his", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00854-00223073-00223241": "illegal drugs", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00855-00223242-00223492": "if it is on the dark net or on crypto", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00856-00223494-00223715": "we're screwed we have no no governance", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00857-00223716-00223937": "over that but lucky for us they're using", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00858-00223938-00224171": "Google right they're reducing the web so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00859-00224171-00224308": "it's not like that that really matters", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00860-00224309-00224525": "for us right now so you have the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00861-00224526-00224687": "platforms", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00862-00224688-00224975": "and those are complicated because apps", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00863-00224976-00225263": "like Tick Tock is now the the go-to in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00864-00225264-00225587": "terms of apps right people buy fentanyl", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00865-00225588-00225808": "which is an opioid they buy opioids", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00866-00225809-00226067": "through Tick Tock and you know the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00867-00226067-00226241": "company behind it doesn't seem to care", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00868-00226242-00226534": "that much how do we actually affect the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00869-00226535-00226846": "policies around that how do we tell them", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00870-00226848-00227044": "hey you probably shouldn't be allowing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00871-00227046-00227339": "the sale of opioids in your platform do", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00872-00227340-00227473": "we have a mechanism to do that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00873-00227473-00227825": "potentially right this is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00874-00227826-00228106": "these are the points of intervention", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00875-00228107-00228401": "where this research would lead towards", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00876-00228402-00228641": "how do we intervene in a platform", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00877-00228642-00228791": "right", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00878-00228792-00229037": "this is something that I think we it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00879-00229038-00229229": "still a little Uncharted for us as a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00880-00229230-00229421": "community we still don't know that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00881-00229421-00229901": "right but this line above it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00882-00229902-00230153": "this one we kind of know", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00883-00230154-00230429": "this is kind of in our wheelhouse so IPA", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00884-00230430-00230777": "addresses DNS registry registrar host", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00885-00230778-00230956": "we have an email", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00886-00230957-00231167": "right this is the kind of things that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00887-00231167-00231305": "we're discussing here that are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00888-00231306-00231598": "structural to this problem and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00889-00231600-00231803": "there are multiple points where we can", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00890-00231804-00231892": "act", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00891-00231894-00232079": "so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00892-00232080-00232331": "out of uh out of fun", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00893-00232332-00232625": "Ron where would you start", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00894-00232626-00232889": "acting in the chain like what would be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00895-00232890-00233184": "your kind of starting point", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00896-00233185-00233560": "out of fun I wish it were and I've had", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00897-00233561-00233873": "the fun but the reality is that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00898-00233873-00234142": "my experience is is has seen that it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00899-00234144-00234425": "the uh that The Gatekeepers and when I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00900-00234426-00234556": "say Gatekeepers I'm talking about the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00901-00234557-00234742": "platforms whether they be you know Tick", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00902-00234744-00234934": "Tock or whether they be Google or others", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00903-00234935-00235156": "uh Instagram", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00904-00235157-00235529": "um whether these guys would follow a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00905-00235530-00235798": "path that would be a a path to the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00906-00235800-00236021": "betterment of society or they're happy", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00907-00236021-00236219": "to follow the path of least resistance", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00908-00236219-00236441": "and the path of least resistance is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00909-00236442-00236639": "basically uh following along with", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00910-00236640-00236903": "Section 230 uh that's existing in the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00911-00236904-00237106": "United States uh legislation now that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00912-00237107-00237377": "basically says that uh none of The", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00913-00237378-00237569": "Gatekeepers are responsible for anything", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00914-00237569-00237844": "that shows up on their sites on their", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00915-00237846-00238025": "platform", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00916-00238026-00238294": "um that that's an oversimplification of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00917-00238296-00238481": "that legislation but that's the reality", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00918-00238482-00238882": "of it is that they have no uh nothing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00919-00238883-00239206": "that can be done to them uh that is uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00920-00239207-00239344": "detrimental", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00921-00239346-00239675": "so we are seeing that the creation of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00922-00239676-00239813": "new", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00923-00239814-00240215": "um associations of all of the various uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00924-00240216-00240484": "parties in the chain of distribution of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00925-00240485-00240815": "medicines uh coming together with very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00926-00240816-00241108": "you know philosophical names uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00927-00241109-00241301": "associations for safe online pharmacy", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00928-00241302-00241619": "and these types of things uh who are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00929-00241619-00241865": "really just trying to stay very close to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00930-00241866-00242044": "section 230 and make sure that none of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00931-00242046-00242417": "that gets gets uh tampered with because", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00932-00242417-00242591": "that's the path they've been able to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00933-00242592-00243017": "skirt all of these issues on until now", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00934-00243017-00243263": "um coming back to your chart uh you know", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00935-00243264-00243623": "the issue the DNS is as I've come to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00936-00243623-00243784": "understand over this last couple of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00937-00243785-00243971": "years in particular with all of the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00938-00243971-00244144": "research that we're talking about DNS", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00939-00244146-00244301": "abuse", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00940-00244302-00244648": "um it's a very specific", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00941-00244650-00245021": "structure and sometimes it's like the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00942-00245021-00245194": "the way it's explained to me is you know", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00943-00245196-00245363": "looking at the DNS and trying to solve", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00944-00245364-00245591": "the abuse problem with Registries and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00945-00245592-00245741": "registrars that's kind of taking a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00946-00245742-00246041": "sledgehammer to pound in a attack uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00947-00246042-00246377": "Thumbtack it's it's really you know the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00948-00246378-00246587": "wrong tool for the wrong place but I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00949-00246588-00246769": "think it's at the hosting level", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00950-00246769-00247013": "that you're going to find", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00951-00247014-00247367": "much more capability to reach out to the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00952-00247367-00247715": "Rogue actors to the Bad actors at the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00953-00247716-00247925": "hosting level and and not shut the whole", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00954-00247926-00248201": "website down but take them offline uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00955-00248202-00248446": "until uh whatever the egregious behavior", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00956-00248448-00248758": "is has been addressed so um for me it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00957-00248759-00248921": "the it's at the hosting provider level", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00958-00248921-00249106": "where we should be you know going in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00959-00249107-00249292": "with the scalpel not taking the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00960-00249294-00249460": "sledgehammer just found in the attack at", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00961-00249461-00249791": "the DNS level at the DNS stack level uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00962-00249792-00250055": "that's how I see it does our audience", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00963-00250056-00250337": "have any opinion does the does anybody", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00964-00250338-00250577": "have an opinion on this I know it's a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00965-00250578-00250846": "tough question but does anybody have any", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00966-00250848-00251153": "ideas on how to deal with this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00967-00251154-00251363": "I was wondering thanks Mark Claudio", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00968-00251364-00251591": "Lucena State University thanks a lot for", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00969-00251592-00251915": "all this Enlightenment Ron uh I was I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00970-00251916-00252094": "was looking here you have a stakeholder", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00971-00252096-00252532": "uh you have a a road map of where to act", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00972-00252533-00252713": "but it's not necessary not necessarily", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00973-00252714-00253042": "tells us who should act connected with", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00974-00253044-00253258": "that stakeholder and that was what I was", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00975-00253259-00253553": "curious about uh it could have been", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00976-00253554-00253727": "within the research but I clearly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00977-00253728-00253877": "noticed it it's not in the scope of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00978-00253878-00254069": "which stakeholders would be more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00979-00254069-00254423": "interested or more likely or or more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00980-00254423-00254801": "well-structed to act but I not having an", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00981-00254802-00254987": "opinion about the the map itself you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00982-00254988-00255221": "have but adding a question who would be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00983-00255221-00255587": "the right stakeholder to act whatever uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00984-00255588-00255929": "whatever box you decide to start from", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00985-00255930-00256265": "started to give the question back", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00986-00256266-00256469": "uh would anybody like to add any", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00987-00256469-00256787": "question or comment on top of Claudius", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00988-00256788-00257153": "okay I'll take this yes yes sir", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00989-00257154-00257398": "okay thank you very much", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00990-00257400-00257855": "um I'm drastically I'm from Nigeria", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00991-00257856-00258058": "um quite interesting I just want to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00992-00258059-00258275": "share with all that you have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00993-00258276-00258455": "uh I want to appreciate all that you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00994-00258456-00258773": "have shared with us here today and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00995-00258773-00258880": "um", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00996-00258881-00259187": "Nigeria as a country has been trying to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00997-00259188-00259534": "embrace issues concerning telemedicine", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00998-00259535-00259744": "it's a matter of fact I'm a researcher", "jDk1mcoOIK8-00999-00259746-00259991": "in uh right to you on connect to recover", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01000-00259992-00260369": "where we conducted action research on", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01001-00260369-00260632": "telemedicine to help Fast Track United", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01002-00260633-00260755": "Nations", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01003-00260756-00261017": "sustainable developmental three just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01004-00261017-00261287": "about health for all and looking at the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01005-00261288-00261508": "digital divide in Africa and looking at", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01006-00261509-00261713": "the issues of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01007-00261714-00261930": "the fact that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01008-00261931-00262213": "we just ate less than eight years away", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01009-00262214-00262451": "from you know", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01010-00262452-00262756": "um the sdg code we feel", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01011-00262757-00263003": "cross schools can be achieved without", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01012-00263004-00263387": "components of e-medicine e-health", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01013-00263388-00263693": "telemedicine so we eat a lot in the last", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01014-00263694-00263975": "six months and also in the mid", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01015-00263976-00264179": "recommendations to policies I mean", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01016-00264180-00264401": "recommendations and policies", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01017-00264402-00264773": "to government to talk about framework", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01018-00264774-00265087": "and all of that to actually inculcate", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01019-00265088-00265451": "and adopt telemedicine right from even", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01020-00265452-00265673": "teaching hospitals which is absent you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01021-00265674-00265915": "see young doctors they know nothing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01022-00265916-00266351": "about telemedicine so I think I would", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01023-00266352-00266621": "want to partner with your team to begin", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01024-00266622-00266737": "to see", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01025-00266738-00267282": "issues of framework policies regulations", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01026-00267283-00267647": "standards that we could adopt or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01027-00267648-00267958": "recommend for our environment and in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01028-00267959-00268253": "general Africa thank you so much for all", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01029-00268254-00268493": "that you've done thank you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01030-00268494-00268763": "not only thank you very much but one of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01031-00268764-00268841": "the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01032-00268842-00269080": "key people who were", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01033-00269081-00269273": "kind of fundamenting this with us is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01034-00269274-00269519": "exactly for Nigeria she's a specialist", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01035-00269520-00269830": "in medicines in Nigeria and she kind of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01036-00269831-00270101": "got us very inspired to start looking", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01037-00270102-00270334": "into this question so it is very is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01038-00270335-00270556": "actually very fortuitous that that you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01039-00270557-00270784": "you are here today because it is kind of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01040-00270785-00271067": "where we got the idea but I kind of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01041-00271068-00271253": "started From My region I'm like okay", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01042-00271254-00271421": "I'll see here first", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01043-00271422-00271727": "but clearly from everything she she", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01044-00271728-00271919": "brought to us all the experience that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01045-00271920-00272230": "she brought to us were like okay this is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01046-00272231-00272358": "a bit of a problem", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01047-00272359-00272608": "this is a bit of a problem right like we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01048-00272609-00272993": "we as the the global South are not ready", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01049-00272994-00273263": "in the same way that the global North is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01050-00273264-00273419": "but not in the questions that we're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01051-00273420-00273658": "usually talking about it's not like oh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01052-00273659-00273845": "access to this and that no it's about", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01053-00273846-00274145": "this basic thing called Health that we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01054-00274146-00274387": "just got hammered by this past few years", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01055-00274388-00274549": "so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01056-00274550-00274925": "this is actually for tutus and answering", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01057-00274926-00275155": "to to Professor Claudio", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01058-00275156-00275525": "that's exactly the thing that I that we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01059-00275526-00275803": "were hoping we would find out", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01060-00275804-00276047": "where do we go with this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01061-00276048-00276353": "and as one of our of our researcher", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01062-00276354-00276623": "friends would say uh how does Arya put", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01063-00276624-00276856": "it wrong where's the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01064-00276857-00277199": "who's the convener who's the Christina", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01065-00277200-00277432": "thanks for convener exactly who's the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01066-00277433-00277715": "convener right and we spent two years", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01067-00277716-00277967": "researching that and the answer is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01068-00277968-00278158": "um if we want that answer we have to do", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01069-00278159-00278434": "way more research that's the thing about", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01070-00278435-00278789": "the incipient field of of trying to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01071-00278790-00278956": "bring health and internet together we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01072-00278957-00279130": "found out that people are so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01073-00279131-00279310": "uninterested in this and this is what's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01074-00279311-00279539": "scary this is why we we're trying to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01075-00279540-00279695": "bring this to the igf because we're like", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01076-00279696-00279827": "okay somebody must have answered this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01077-00279828-00280206": "and the answer is no and and it's super", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01078-00280207-00280493": "difficult when you have to consider the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01079-00280494-00280630": "fact that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01080-00280631-00280882": "um the research is so incipient that we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01081-00280883-00281099": "don't have a mechanism we can't go to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01082-00281100-00281441": "the who we tried to look okay the who", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01083-00281442-00281621": "right word Health Organization seems", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01084-00281622-00281837": "like a good place no they don't deal", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01085-00281838-00282041": "with internet they barely understand the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01086-00282042-00282382": "internet exists scary very scary you go", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01087-00282383-00282623": "like oh governments then we bump into", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01088-00282624-00282887": "the table that we were showing in which", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01089-00282888-00283067": "some governments don't even have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01090-00283068-00283295": "legislation for the sale of medicines", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01091-00283296-00283637": "okay this is getting tricky okay maybe", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01092-00283638-00283937": "we go talk to I can there's absolutely", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01093-00283938-00284230": "no discussion over what I can about this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01094-00284231-00284380": "Rogue pharmacies that are actually", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01095-00284381-00284591": "murdering people they're literally", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01096-00284592-00284741": "murdering people", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01097-00284742-00284939": "no discussion there", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01098-00284940-00285305": "where do we look right the igf is great", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01099-00285306-00285593": "because we get to socialize these issues", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01100-00285594-00285965": "which is good but the next step the next", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01101-00285966-00286091": "question is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01102-00286092-00286325": "how do we bring this to these different", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01103-00286326-00286684": "forums that's the part that is so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01104-00286685-00286943": "interesting but at the same time very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01105-00286944-00287249": "you know daring uh we have a big", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01106-00287250-00287573": "Community here we can intervene on all", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01107-00287574-00287855": "sorts of levels right I wonder if my", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01108-00287856-00288077": "tech friends could project very small", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01109-00288078-00288347": "the table here and me or me and the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01110-00288348-00288575": "table me and table and me thank you very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01111-00288576-00288893": "much if I if there can be me and the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01112-00288894-00289210": "table but it would be great but let me", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01113-00289211-00289493": "not text you too much so we can even do", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01114-00289494-00289745": "this at the IP address level there are a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01115-00289746-00289997": "p blacklists out there that act on the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01116-00289998-00290351": "borders of the asses but then this is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01117-00290352-00290513": "super easy for them to overcome they", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01118-00290514-00290627": "just get it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01119-00290628-00290879": "yeah it's guacamole right like they use", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01120-00290880-00291160": "the DNS to just call for another IP so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01121-00291161-00291419": "here we're kind of screwed at the DNS", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01122-00291420-00291647": "level that's more interesting right the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01123-00291648-00291797": "main names are more interesting because", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01124-00291798-00292055": "they have to keep keep them alive for a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01125-00292056-00292282": "bit in our research we found out they", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01126-00292283-00292456": "keep them alive for like", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01127-00292457-00292727": "a week to two weeks the the ones that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01128-00292728-00292925": "stay very long like it's like two months", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01129-00292926-00293182": "so that's the frame of action that we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01130-00293183-00293260": "have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01131-00293261-00293549": "to actually take this pharmacies down", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01132-00293550-00293867": "it's a very very small", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01133-00293868-00294149": "frame for us to take them down", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01134-00294150-00294521": "so if we were to work here the registry", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01135-00294522-00294706": "who are the owner of the domain so the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01136-00294707-00294941": "dot orgs of the word", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01137-00294942-00295139": "they usually don't deal with this who", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01138-00295140-00295313": "would we deal with", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01139-00295314-00295708": "it's this guy's here right registers and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01140-00295709-00295925": "hosts they're more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01141-00295926-00296279": "here right they're more here if we learn", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01142-00296280-00296477": "to start complaining fast and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01143-00296478-00296632": "effectively to them", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01144-00296633-00296830": "potentially we can accomplish something", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01145-00296831-00296999": "but we do we have a framework for that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01146-00297000-00297130": "we don't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01147-00297131-00297467": "so this that's where advancing internet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01148-00297468-00297713": "governance and health system policy", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01149-00297714-00297941": "research together starts to bear fruit", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01150-00297942-00298205": "we can start bringing evidence to these", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01151-00298206-00298415": "players so that it never gets to this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01152-00298416-00298613": "part so that we don't have to worry", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01153-00298614-00298787": "about when it goes to search engines", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01154-00298788-00299171": "websites cdns emails spam right when it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01155-00299172-00299351": "gets there it's already kind of late we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01156-00299352-00299579": "we already kind of lost we need to stop", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01157-00299580-00299849": "them as they're doing these actions but", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01158-00299850-00300113": "that would require massive coordination", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01159-00300114-00300551": "massive flow so am I here to bring the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01160-00300552-00300725": "solution no I'm not here to bring the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01161-00300726-00301049": "solution I'm here to bring a table I'm", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01162-00301050-00301205": "here to bring a table I'm just a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01163-00301206-00301403": "researcher right I just want to point", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01164-00301404-00301541": "out that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01165-00301542-00301882": "things are very unknown for us in this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01166-00301883-00302003": "field yet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01167-00302004-00302195": "we need to start looking at this more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01168-00302196-00302497": "systematically and hopefully you know", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01169-00302498-00302789": "through the next few years I currently", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01170-00302790-00303089": "serve as a gnso counselor at Icon I have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01171-00303090-00303251": "been trying to advance those issues", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01172-00303252-00303419": "there hopefully you can do a little more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01173-00303420-00303658": "hopefully some of you who are players in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01174-00303659-00303815": "the industry can do a little bit more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01175-00303816-00304037": "come talk to me this is supposed to be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01176-00304038-00304271": "like something for us to to talk about", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01177-00304272-00304541": "just kind of expose this research for", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01178-00304542-00304837": "the first time and I would like to know", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01179-00304838-00305099": "if there are any more interventions", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01180-00305100-00305495": "questions or jokes I'm taking jokes as", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01181-00305496-00305754": "well", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01182-00305755-00306053": "sorry just disappoint Mark I don't have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01183-00306054-00306341": "a joke for you um Jennifer Chung I guess", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01184-00306342-00306658": "uh speaking of dot Asia I think I do", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01185-00306659-00306875": "agree with what Ron said earlier I mean", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01186-00306876-00307103": "as a registry we have the bluntest", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01187-00307104-00307313": "instrument we are not able to do it did", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01188-00307314-00307517": "we just take it down and if you're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01189-00307518-00307715": "looking at as you as you pointed out in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01190-00307716-00307930": "the flowchart if you're starting the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01191-00307931-00308141": "action at the registrar level it really", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01192-00308142-00308345": "just depend on the jurisdiction that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01193-00308346-00308573": "they're in if the laws in that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01194-00308574-00308747": "jurisdiction doesn't allow them to act", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01195-00308748-00308993": "it's very difficult for them to act our", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01196-00308994-00309280": "registrar friends need a court order or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01197-00309281-00309515": "some frame legal framework for them to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01198-00309516-00309706": "be able to act it's very difficult to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01199-00309707-00310030": "ask them to act as judge an executioner", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01200-00310031-00310295": "in these matters I do agree that it does", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01201-00310296-00310504": "take a lot of different stakeholders to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01202-00310505-00310727": "coordinate it's a shame that we don't", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01203-00310728-00310925": "have a current framework but as you said", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01204-00310926-00311206": "this is the Forum where you start to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01205-00311207-00311482": "kind of socialize this idea and get", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01206-00311483-00311734": "people to take note it's a shame also", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01207-00311735-00311939": "that the who doesn't understand the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01208-00311940-00312173": "internet they should", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01209-00312174-00312341": "um I wanted I have a question for you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01210-00312342-00312539": "know after that comment I noticed that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01211-00312540-00312701": "your table does contain a lot of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01212-00312702-00312887": "information for the lack region are you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01213-00312888-00313145": "looking to expand your research to other", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01214-00313146-00313337": "jurisdictions and other regions because", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01215-00313338-00313703": "Asia Pacific region has a lot of um very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01216-00313704-00313973": "gray areas especially you know certain", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01217-00313974-00314189": "cultures have traditional medicines that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01218-00314190-00314513": "also operate in the very gray area and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01219-00314514-00314753": "they do you know sell things online and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01220-00314754-00314969": "that may not be completely legal so just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01221-00314970-00315160": "a question about your research next", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01222-00315161-00315371": "steps", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01223-00315372-00315580": "thank you for detailing into the perfect", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01224-00315581-00315845": "question yes we are looking for partners", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01225-00315846-00316054": "to keep this going", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01226-00316055-00316445": "right it's a simple answer we lack with", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01227-00316446-00316660": "lachnik was very kind to give us the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01228-00316661-00316823": "funds to get this pilot started they", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01229-00316824-00317008": "really believed in us when nobody else", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01230-00317009-00317219": "was even believing in this so we're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01231-00317220-00317399": "really thankful that that like Nick got", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01232-00317400-00317603": "us the seed funding so that we could try", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01233-00317604-00317843": "to prove that yes there is a debate", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01234-00317844-00318065": "involving health and the internet it is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01235-00318066-00318227": "a thing right like", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01236-00318228-00318521": "it seems obvious but you would be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01237-00318522-00318737": "befuddled by the amount of nose that we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01238-00318738-00318982": "got we got years of notes before we got", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01239-00318983-00319175": "somebody to Believe in Us", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01240-00319176-00319415": "are there other actors out there who", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01241-00319416-00319708": "would want to keep this going take this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01242-00319709-00320039": "to the region that would be beautiful so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01243-00320040-00320465": "if any of you in here are online know of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01244-00320466-00320597": "any actor that would like to at least", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01245-00320598-00320837": "talk about that yes we will be very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01246-00320838-00321065": "happy to move this forward because we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01247-00321066-00321239": "just proved that it kind of exists this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01248-00321240-00321347": "is a thing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01249-00321348-00321647": "now where do we go from here uh where", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01250-00321648-00321803": "what do you think Ron where do we go", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01251-00321804-00321995": "from here well", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01252-00321996-00322175": "there's two things and I also see Jim", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01253-00322176-00322277": "Smith from the Canadian International", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01254-00322278-00322493": "Pharmacy Association has his hand up so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01255-00322494-00322673": "we can probably look to him to get some", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01256-00322674-00322979": "clear information but I wanted to just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01257-00322980-00323315": "say I'm very hopeful uh at this point in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01258-00323316-00323393": "time", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01259-00323394-00323687": "that we actually will start to put some", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01260-00323688-00323956": "meat on the bones as they say in on this", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01261-00323957-00324119": "topic because", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01262-00324120-00324329": "both well everyone's clear on the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01263-00324330-00324610": "technical abuse of the DNS and now we're", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01264-00324611-00324821": "also talking about the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01265-00324822-00325121": "um the content abuse much more clearly", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01266-00325122-00325349": "than we've ever spoken before and so I'm", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01267-00325350-00325595": "hopeful that with all of this General", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01268-00325596-00325847": "move towards it internet jurisdiction or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01269-00325848-00326039": "moving in this direction other major", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01270-00326040-00326213": "players are moving in this direction to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01271-00326214-00326429": "try to actually start coming up with a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01272-00326430-00326704": "set of rules by which", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01273-00326705-00327023": "all the internet players will live and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01274-00327024-00327280": "work and act as opposed to waiting for", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01275-00327281-00327430": "legislations all around the world to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01276-00327431-00327706": "harmonize laws on this very topic so I'm", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01277-00327707-00327989": "very uh hopeful that we actually are at", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01278-00327990-00328199": "this period in time moving in the right", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01279-00328200-00328367": "direction and hopefully within a year or", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01280-00328368-00328547": "two we might actually see some meat on", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01281-00328548-00328853": "the bones some standards some Norms that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01282-00328854-00329093": "everyone can agree with from an internet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01283-00329094-00329297": "Community point of view saying these all", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01284-00329298-00329458": "all these rules make sense they're more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01285-00329459-00329608": "compassionate they're more understanding", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01286-00329609-00329993": "of the situation and once we get there I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01287-00329994-00330137": "think that we'll see government", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01288-00330138-00330467": "administrations start to modify their", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01289-00330468-00330682": "rules to adapt what we as the internet", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01290-00330683-00330851": "Community have come up with That's My", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01291-00330852-00330934": "Hope", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01292-00330935-00331115": "anyway I wanted just to make that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01293-00331116-00331337": "comment and uh I did see Tim's hand was", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01294-00331338-00331480": "up and I know we're coming close on time", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01295-00331481-00331613": "so I just mentioned those two things", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01296-00331614-00331871": "mark thank you thank you so much Ron for", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01297-00331872-00332129": "Ron has been a a great mentor and a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01298-00332130-00332351": "great supporter of This research and Tim", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01299-00332352-00332699": "please", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01300-00332700-00333017": "thanks very much can you hear me yes", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01301-00333018-00333263": "good well uh and I I know we're getting", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01302-00333264-00333508": "short on time uh Ron just touched on the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01303-00333509-00333713": "the issue of DNS abuse and I don't want", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01304-00333714-00333965": "to go too far down that hole that rabbit", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01305-00333966-00334156": "hole although", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01306-00334157-00334391": "um when you when you take a look at your", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01307-00334392-00334708": "chart and the different levels of uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01308-00334709-00335093": "where the issue could be addressed", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01309-00335094-00335260": "um you know there is a lot of discussion", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01310-00335261-00335471": "of course within the icann world about", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01311-00335472-00335777": "malicious and compromised domains uh and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01312-00335778-00335873": "I guess", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01313-00335874-00336241": "um uh you know if a domain is being used", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01314-00336242-00336665": "for uh selling bad drugs", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01315-00336666-00336923": "um falsified and substandard as we might", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01316-00336924-00337247": "want to call them then that might uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01317-00337248-00337534": "involve intervention at a different", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01318-00337535-00337769": "level perhaps at the registrar level if", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01319-00337770-00337937": "it's a matter of a compromise domain", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01320-00337938-00338263": "where a page on a website is being", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01321-00338264-00338530": "compromised to try to Market falsified", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01322-00338531-00338758": "and substandard drugs that may be more", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01323-00338759-00339010": "at the hosting level also trademark", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01324-00339011-00339221": "violation which is something that we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01325-00339222-00339430": "find ourselves faced with from time to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01326-00339431-00339665": "time where somebody has taken our", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01327-00339666-00340043": "trademark a trusted trademark and tried", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01328-00340044-00340253": "to misuse it that might be appropriately", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01329-00340254-00340541": "addressed at the hosting level so I'm I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01330-00340542-00340823": "think you have different types of issues", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01331-00340824-00341165": "that need to be mapped out as well but I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01332-00341166-00341404": "think probably the first issue that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01333-00341405-00341584": "needs to be dealt with and I and I think", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01334-00341585-00341771": "back to the slide that you had early on", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01335-00341772-00342173": "Mark where you defined what you call a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01336-00342174-00342389": "rogue Pharmacy", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01337-00342390-00342682": "um and there's a whole bunch of uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01338-00342683-00342917": "different criteria that you throw into", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01339-00342918-00343204": "being a rogue Pharmacy and I think the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01340-00343205-00343415": "first step is to determine what is it", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01341-00343416-00343763": "that you're trying to permit which is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01342-00343764-00344008": "access to safe and affordable medicines", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01343-00344009-00344225": "and what is it you're trying to restrict", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01344-00344226-00344639": "which is the ability for marketers of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01345-00344640-00344813": "falsified and substandard and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01346-00344814-00344977": "counterfeit drugs", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01347-00344978-00345301": "so I think you need to take a step back", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01348-00345302-00345773": "and first Define that clearly what it is", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01349-00345774-00346025": "you're trying to address before you get", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01350-00346026-00346253": "to who is it that actually takes action", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01351-00346254-00346541": "so I hope that you're going to make that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01352-00346542-00346721": "distinction because there are parties", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01353-00346722-00346979": "such as my organization the Canadian", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01354-00346980-00347260": "International Pharmacy Association that", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01355-00347261-00347513": "provides what Ron described earlier as a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01356-00347514-00347675": "compassionate service for people who", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01357-00347676-00347915": "can't access or afford the medications", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01358-00347916-00348208": "where they live so it very much needs to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01359-00348209-00348508": "be defined in anyways as you proceed in", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01360-00348509-00348791": "your research thank you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01361-00348792-00349001": "thank you Tim for those not in the gnome", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01362-00349002-00349277": "team is like a guru in this area so it's", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01363-00349278-00349565": "it's a pleasure in itself to have him uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01364-00349566-00349769": "thank you so much for that Tim yeah I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01365-00349770-00349895": "think you're you're absolutely correct", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01366-00349896-00350249": "the matter of definition is so tough", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01367-00350250-00350537": "especially considering that uh there are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01368-00350538-00350699": "areas in which thousands of people are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01369-00350700-00350860": "involved and we don't have good", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01370-00350861-00351082": "definitions never mind one that's so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01371-00351083-00351275": "incipient but it's definitely something", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01372-00351276-00351443": "we need to be working together on we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01373-00351444-00351628": "have another floor comment here", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01374-00351629-00351856": "thank you just a little contribution to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01375-00351857-00352115": "what my colleague here just said and um", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01376-00352116-00352367": "as I started like before I start like", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01377-00352368-00352793": "operating service provider in Africa I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01378-00352794-00353128": "know there's a lot that can be done from", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01379-00353129-00353363": "um registry level in addressing the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01380-00353364-00353749": "issue of um online", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01381-00353750-00354178": "from the backdrop of what we do with", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01382-00354179-00354563": "um end users when it comes to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01383-00354564-00354732": "um copyright", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01384-00354733-00355097": "violations IP are locked Dead with", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01385-00355098-00355325": "African afrenic is the regional", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01386-00355326-00355667": "Continental uh registry for number", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01387-00355668-00355954": "resources in Africa so we lay us and get", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01388-00355955-00356153": "our public IP and number resources from", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01389-00356154-00356477": "there we escalate a lot increasing and", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01390-00356478-00356699": "getting to know who violates issues of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01391-00356700-00356903": "copyright I think the same can be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01392-00356904-00357256": "extended to issues of Rogue online", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01393-00357257-00357497": "um Pharmacy so on that note not just I'm", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01394-00357498-00357682": "looking at not just I can but also just", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01395-00357683-00357995": "extend this to Regional you know uh yeah", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01396-00357996-00358247": "number resource managers and see how we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01397-00358248-00358451": "can come up with framework so like you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01398-00358452-00358667": "said for us this is that live operator", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01399-00358668-00358901": "we're also trying to promote", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01400-00358902-00359087": "um digital Health where I start light we", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01401-00359088-00359201": "call it as", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01402-00359202-00359537": "for DH which is start light for digital", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01403-00359538-00359795": "heart so that's why I want to be willing", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01404-00359796-00360208": "to to see what we can do to extend what", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01405-00360209-00360365": "the good work you're doing through", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01406-00360366-00360545": "Nigeria in particular because to be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01407-00360546-00360719": "honest I didn't see any detail on", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01408-00360720-00361013": "Nigeria and I'm not comfortable with", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01409-00361014-00361289": "that thank you", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01410-00361290-00361554": "thank you so much", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01411-00361555-00361919": "well we do have to wrap up but I hope", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01412-00361920-00362093": "that at least it was enlightening too", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01413-00362094-00362284": "anybody who was here at least this got", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01414-00362285-00362453": "you thinking a little bit more about the", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01415-00362454-00362723": "subjects we hope to keep producing uh", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01416-00362724-00362837": "research", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01417-00362838-00363095": "um any data can be found basically reach", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01418-00363096-00363293": "me on LinkedIn I have a very very", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01419-00363294-00363575": "difficult name so you can find it out on", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01420-00363576-00363793": "the session name", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01421-00363794-00364037": "and feel free to reach out if you have", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01422-00364038-00364258": "any any kind of questions we want to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01423-00364259-00364432": "keep advancing this with people who are", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01424-00364433-00364589": "interested you don't need to be a big", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01425-00364590-00364810": "player we just want people who kind of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01426-00364811-00365051": "care like who say hey maybe we should be", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01427-00365052-00365201": "dealing with this maybe we don't want", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01428-00365202-00365363": "our grandparents to be buying fake", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01429-00365364-00365603": "medicine medicine laced with opioids", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01430-00365604-00365789": "maybe that's really evil and we want to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01431-00365790-00366160": "stop that somehow right so uh before I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01432-00366161-00366460": "close I want to thank very much our", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01433-00366461-00366623": "friends from tech support back there", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01434-00366624-00366827": "it's very late they have been working", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01435-00366828-00366982": "all week and they still put a great", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01436-00366983-00367193": "presentation for us thank you so much", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01437-00367194-00367330": "for the for the help", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01438-00367331-00367582": "it's very appreciated all your hard work", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01439-00367583-00367780": "thank you for everyone who is here I", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01440-00367781-00367913": "know it's late I know it's the end of", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01441-00367914-00368093": "the event but each and everyone here", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01442-00368094-00368423": "counts and thank you very much to my to", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01443-00368424-00368687": "Ron my great mentor has been working so", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01444-00368688-00368819": "much thanks to Tim everyone who was", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01445-00368820-00369010": "online and everyone who is here thank", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01446-00369011-00369160": "you very much and I hope you have a", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01447-00369161-00369395": "pleasant end of your eye Jeff and see", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01448-00369396-00369539": "you soon", "jDk1mcoOIK8-01449-00369540-00369944": "thanks everyone safe travels home"}}, {"audio_id": "jDxcQC5PGcu", "text": {"jDxcQC5PGcu-00000-00000485-00000765": "very wise choice picking the iphone 3gs", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00001-00000766-00000924": "this is arguably the best phone out", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00002-00000925-00001065": "there on the market or the number one", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00003-00001066-00001235": "phone even though some people hate it", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00004-00001236-00001412": "some people love it it is definitely the", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00005-00001413-00001539": "phone out there that there's a lot of", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00006-00001540-00001737": "things well this is going to be the 3gs", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00007-00001738-00001884": "so it's going to be four speeds and get", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00008-00001885-00002070": "you the fastest iphone out in the market", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00009-00002071-00002285": "right now and definitely in the iphone", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00010-00002286-00002454": "has the application store with tons of", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00011-00002455-00002616": "great applications forward you've seen", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00012-00002617-00002772": "through my videos my what's in my iPhone", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00013-00002773-00002979": "videos a lot of good applications for it", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00014-00002980-00003152": "but the phone is just so easy to use I", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00015-00003153-00003375": "think whoever wins this phone if it is", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00016-00003376-00003576": "the winner you're not going to regret it", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00017-00003577-00004589": "so the iphone 3gs definitely good choice", "jDxcQC5PGcu-00018-00004590-00004796": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "jEpSE3JZUhI", "text": {"jEpSE3JZUhI-00000-00000125-00001491": "[Music]", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00001-00001492-00002100": "bill oh", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00002-00002101-00004483": "[Music]", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00003-00004484-00005718": "[Music]", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00004-00005719-00005899": "i", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00005-00005900-00006559": "won't pass", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00006-00006559-00006702": "now", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00007-00006703-00007670": "[Applause]", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00008-00007672-00009199": "you", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00009-00009200-00009665": "so", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00010-00009666-00010810": "[Music]", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00011-00010811-00010896": "[Applause]", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00012-00010897-00012774": "[Music]", "jEpSE3JZUhI-00013-00012775-00012984": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "jESXb_9yYXc", "text": {"jESXb_9yYXc-00000-00000018-00001991": "[Music]", "jESXb_9yYXc-00001-00001992-00002572": "[Applause]", "jESXb_9yYXc-00002-00002573-00006042": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "jFFODyEbEec", "text": {"jFFODyEbEec-00000-00000017-00000407": "the year 1554 see in science and", "jFFODyEbEec-00001-00000408-00000634": "technology included a number of events", "jFFODyEbEec-00002-00000635-00001318": "some of which are listed here", "jFFODyEbEec-00003-00001319-00001994": "topic astronomy Flemish astronomer", "jFFODyEbEec-00004-00001995-00002213": "johannes stadia says first published", "jFFODyEbEec-00005-00002214-00002546": "work f emeriti ZnO viaduct a appears in", "jFFODyEbEec-00006-00002547-00003010": "cologne", "jFFODyEbEec-00007-00003011-00003752": "topic biology bolognese naturalist you", "jFFODyEbEec-00008-00003753-00004065": "lease all drove rd creates a herbarium", "jFFODyEbEec-00009-00004067-00004325": "Flemish herbalist rembert dodo ins", "jFFODyEbEec-00010-00004326-00004526": "publishes his herb all croute Birkin", "jFFODyEbEec-00011-00004527-00004835": "Antwerp the guinea pig is first", "jFFODyEbEec-00012-00004836-00005018": "described in the West by Swiss", "jFFODyEbEec-00013-00005019-00005347": "naturalist Conrad Gessner French", "jFFODyEbEec-00014-00005348-00005558": "physician Guillaume rondelay begins", "jFFODyEbEec-00015-00005559-00005771": "publication of labrador pissah bus", "jFFODyEbEec-00016-00005772-00006020": "Marinis in leon a standard work on", "jFFODyEbEec-00017-00006021-00006386": "marine zoology Hippolytus al Vianney", "jFFODyEbEec-00018-00006387-00006664": "begins publication of aquatarium animal", "jFFODyEbEec-00019-00006665-00006926": "ium historia in rome a foundation of", "jFFODyEbEec-00020-00006927-00007231": "modern ichthyology French anatomist", "jFFODyEbEec-00021-00007233-00007514": "Charles sdn publishes a collection of", "jFFODyEbEec-00022-00007515-00008277": "tracts on agriculture radium rustic 'm", "jFFODyEbEec-00023-00008278-00008846": "topic exploration", "jFFODyEbEec-00024-00008847-00009102": "November English captain John Locke", "jFFODyEbEec-00025-00009103-00009275": "voyages to Guinea", "jFFODyEbEec-00026-00009276-00009591": "French Franciscan Voyager Andre the Veii", "jFFODyEbEec-00027-00009592-00009824": "publishes his account of an embassy to", "jFFODyEbEec-00028-00009825-00010098": "Constantinople in cosmography de Levante", "jFFODyEbEec-00029-00010099-00010660": "Leon", "jFFODyEbEec-00030-00010661-00011363": "topic metallurgy Spanish merchant Bart", "jFFODyEbEec-00031-00011364-00011607": "alone de medina introduces the patio", "jFFODyEbEec-00032-00011608-00011898": "process using mercury amalgamation to", "jFFODyEbEec-00033-00011899-00012167": "extract silver for more in Pachuca New", "jFFODyEbEec-00034-00012168-00012799": "Spain Mexico", "jFFODyEbEec-00035-00012800-00013500": "topic physics venetian mathematician", "jFFODyEbEec-00036-00013501-00013733": "john batista benedetti publishes two", "jFFODyEbEec-00037-00013734-00014025": "editions of demonstration Emoto and", "jFFODyEbEec-00038-00014026-00014262": "local IAM developing his new doctrine of", "jFFODyEbEec-00039-00014263-00014944": "the speed of bodies in free fall", "jFFODyEbEec-00040-00014946-00015624": "topic technology completion of the", "jFFODyEbEec-00041-00015625-00015882": "Church of Sant'Andrea in Via Flaminia", "jFFODyEbEec-00042-00015883-00016182": "Rome designed by Giacomo Bharat CEO", "jFFODyEbEec-00043-00016183-00016440": "Vignola the First Church of the Italian", "jFFODyEbEec-00044-00016441-00017156": "Renaissance to have an elliptical dome", "jFFODyEbEec-00045-00017157-00017928": "topic births the 22nd of March catherine", "jFFODyEbEec-00046-00017929-00018156": "de' pathan a French noblewoman and", "jFFODyEbEec-00047-00018157-00018723": "mathematician d16 31 November", "jFFODyEbEec-00048-00018724-00018984": "Jakob Chrisman German Orientalist an", "jFFODyEbEec-00049-00018985-00019469": "astronomer died 1613 probable date", "jFFODyEbEec-00050-00019470-00019829": "James Lancaster English navigator died", "jFFODyEbEec-00051-00019830-00020253": "1618 Walter Raleigh English explorer", "jFFODyEbEec-00052-00020254-00020833": "died 1618", "jFFODyEbEec-00053-00020834-00021560": "topic deaths February 21st Hieronymous", "jFFODyEbEec-00054-00021561-00022097": "Bach German botanist born 1498 September", "jFFODyEbEec-00055-00022098-00022396": "22nd Francisco vásquez de Coronado", "jFFODyEbEec-00056-00022397-00023018": "Spanish conquistador born C 1510 tan", "jFFODyEbEec-00057-00023019-00023452": "Union Chinese physician born 1461", "jFFODyEbEec-00058-00023453-00023612": "unknown date", "jFFODyEbEec-00059-00023613-00023861": "Sir Hugh Willoughby English explorer in", "jFFODyEbEec-00060-00023862-00024155": "the arctic sea"}}, {"audio_id": "jFUzO2PynPu", "text": {"jFUzO2PynPu-00000-00000112-00001199": "[Music]", "jFUzO2PynPu-00001-00001200-00001278": "damn sweaty", "jFUzO2PynPu-00002-00001279-00001645": "that's you", "jFUzO2PynPu-00003-00001646-00002883": "[Music]", "jFUzO2PynPu-00004-00002884-00003016": "so", "jFUzO2PynPu-00005-00003017-00007083": "[Music]", "jFUzO2PynPu-00006-00007084-00007477": "so", "jFUzO2PynPu-00007-00007478-00008483": "[Music]", "jFUzO2PynPu-00008-00008484-00008849": "so", "jFUzO2PynPu-00009-00008850-00009883": "[Music]", "jFUzO2PynPu-00010-00009884-00010222": "so", "jFUzO2PynPu-00011-00010223-00014083": "[Music]", "jFUzO2PynPu-00012-00014084-00014335": "this", "jFUzO2PynPu-00013-00014336-00016358": "[Music]", "jFUzO2PynPu-00014-00016359-00016672": "that's you"}}, {"audio_id": "jFZ6wpo1cG0", "text": {"jFZ6wpo1cG0-00000-00000188-00000390": "[Music]", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00001-00000391-00000607": "hi everyone and welcome to your daily", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00002-00000608-00000847": "barns takeout my name is carl walsh i am", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00003-00000848-00000983": "a postdoctoral fellow", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00004-00000984-00001143": "in the department of research", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00005-00001144-00001391": "interpretation and education here at the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00006-00001392-00001495": "barnes", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00007-00001496-00001839": "and today i wanted to take you to a case", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00008-00001839-00002047": "that i've been particularly missing at", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00009-00002048-00002263": "the moment because i'm", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00010-00002264-00002575": "used to seeing this every day um", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00011-00002576-00002767": "at the museum when i'm walking to my", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00012-00002768-00002910": "workspace in the library", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00013-00002911-00003102": "and so this is something that's kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00014-00003103-00003295": "like intimately", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00015-00003296-00003575": "part of my daily life at work which i'm", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00016-00003576-00003654": "currently", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00017-00003655-00003959": "very much missing so as you can see this", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00018-00003960-00003990": "is", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00019-00003992-00004470": "a big glass case full of pueblo", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00020-00004471-00004879": "ceramics and pueblo and navajo", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00021-00004880-00005270": "jewelry and it's really this incredible", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00022-00005271-00005454": "case that i really just love to come", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00023-00005455-00005606": "down and have a look at", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00024-00005607-00005743": "when i'm on a break or when i'm having", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00025-00005744-00005959": "my lunch and just sit and have a look at", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00026-00005960-00006151": "it because it's full of these", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00027-00006152-00006367": "wonderful colors and patterns and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00028-00006368-00006454": "designs", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00029-00006455-00006710": "that i think really nicely kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00030-00006711-00006791": "contrast and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00031-00006792-00007103": "engage with the stone background", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00032-00007104-00007367": "behind the case as well um and i just", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00033-00007368-00007470": "find these really", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00034-00007472-00007703": "interesting and really engaging so um", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00035-00007704-00007863": "it's something i wanted to share", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00036-00007864-00008191": "um as well and today i wanted to talk", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00037-00008192-00008310": "about a particular", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00038-00008311-00008678": "vessel that is in this case and this", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00039-00008679-00009127": "is um on the top uh right hand side", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00040-00009128-00009446": "um of the case uh", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00041-00009447-00009951": "right here and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00042-00009952-00010278": "this little vessel is really really nice", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00043-00010279-00010310": "and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00044-00010311-00010495": "i have a real connection to this one as", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00045-00010496-00010631": "well because", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00046-00010632-00010783": "i've spent a couple of times actually", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00047-00010784-00010878": "just sitting in front of it and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00048-00010879-00010999": "sketching it a little bit", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00049-00011000-00011199": "um because i really just enjoy the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00050-00011200-00011310": "patterns on it and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00051-00011311-00011614": "the colors and things as well and it's", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00052-00011615-00011791": "kind of black and white coloration works", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00053-00011792-00011823": "well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00054-00011824-00012127": "for just a sketch um so here it is", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00055-00012128-00012470": "up close um and i think", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00056-00012471-00012735": "my interest in this vessel probably", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00057-00012736-00012958": "mirrors in a lot of ways what barnes was", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00058-00012959-00013303": "interested about these ceramics as well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00059-00013304-00013527": "and he came to know these artworks", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00060-00013528-00013694": "particularly through his visits", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00061-00013695-00013919": "um to the american southwest in the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00062-00013919-00014071": "early 1930s", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00063-00014072-00014327": "and this came about mostly because his", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00064-00014328-00014511": "wife laura barnes", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00065-00014512-00014703": "had been having some problems with her", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00066-00014704-00014822": "sinus condition", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00067-00014823-00015015": "and her doctor prescribed her to take", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00068-00015016-00015207": "some time somewhere", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00069-00015208-00015583": "warm and dry that would help with um", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00070-00015584-00015711": "recovery from this", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00071-00015712-00015855": "uh from this complication that she was", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00072-00015856-00016127": "having and so the bronzers decided", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00073-00016128-00016366": "uh to go and have a visit around the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00074-00016368-00016447": "area", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00075-00016448-00016886": "of phoenix and santa fe in new mexico", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00076-00016887-00017094": "and they also went to arizona as well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00077-00017095-00017343": "and laura was very opposed to this she", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00078-00017344-00017527": "she really had to be kind of like forced", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00079-00017528-00017711": "to go um", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00080-00017712-00017886": "and she stayed out there for a couple of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00081-00017887-00018047": "months and barnes went out there for", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00082-00018048-00018079": "about", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00083-00018080-00018367": "about three weeks um and then continue", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00084-00018368-00018511": "to be in touch with obviously with his", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00085-00018512-00018703": "wife as she was staying there as well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00086-00018704-00018927": "so he came to know and to be introduced", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00087-00018928-00019014": "to all the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00088-00019015-00019294": "wonderful southwestern native american", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00089-00019295-00019350": "arts", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00090-00019351-00019543": "such as you know tapestry weaving and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00091-00019544-00019671": "blanket making", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00092-00019672-00019999": "ceramics and jewelry um and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00093-00020000-00020175": "he was also kind of introduced into the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00094-00020176-00020375": "local art circles here as well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00095-00020376-00020630": "who also were producing kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00096-00020631-00020775": "wonderful pieces of art", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00097-00020776-00021063": "um and the area around santa fe today", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00098-00021064-00021207": "continues to be a hot spot", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00099-00021208-00021503": "for kind of artistic works and for", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00100-00021504-00021655": "native american art", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00101-00021656-00021863": "as well so um it's a really good place", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00102-00021864-00021991": "to go visit today", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00103-00021992-00022343": "as well and what i like about", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00104-00022344-00022519": "barnes's interest in these ceramics as", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00105-00022520-00022647": "well was that", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00106-00022648-00022863": "he was very much interested in obviously", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00107-00022864-00023047": "the very appealing decoration that's on", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00108-00023048-00023222": "them but also he was interested", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00109-00023223-00023471": "in the kind of the human aspect to them", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00110-00023472-00023535": "as well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00111-00023536-00023807": "when he was selecting ceramics to buy he", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00112-00023808-00023942": "wasn't just looking at the decoration", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00113-00023943-00024119": "but he was looking for things that were", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00114-00024120-00024327": "that were damaged and that were used and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00115-00024328-00024550": "have this kind of sense of a human", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00116-00024551-00024727": "use to them as well so they're not just", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00117-00024728-00024894": "kind of things that are art", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00118-00024895-00025111": "but also things that are human and as an", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00119-00025112-00025271": "archaeologist i obviously really", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00120-00025272-00025494": "i'm also interested in that as well and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00121-00025495-00025687": "i find that really interesting about", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00122-00025688-00025878": "you know what he found engaging about", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00123-00025879-00025999": "these objects", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00124-00026000-00026150": "and i think it also adds something", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00125-00026151-00026327": "really interesting visually to them as", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00126-00026327-00026367": "well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00127-00026368-00026543": "i mean if you look at this part you can", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00128-00026544-00026687": "see that at the top", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00129-00026688-00026958": "um it has this kind of you know damaged", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00130-00026960-00027023": "and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00131-00027024-00027383": "um kind of broken uh rim", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00132-00027383-00027583": "which i think really nicely kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00133-00027583-00027687": "contrasts", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00134-00027688-00027895": "in terms of its kind of texture and it's", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00135-00027895-00028102": "it's silhouette as well with", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00136-00028104-00028383": "the the decoration that is on the body", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00137-00028383-00028511": "as well so i think it's", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00138-00028512-00028695": "it creates this really interesting kind", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00139-00028695-00028911": "of contrast between kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00140-00028912-00029190": "um smooth and regular lines and you know", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00141-00029191-00029487": "broken and irregular lines as well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00142-00029488-00029711": "um so i think this is probably why he", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00143-00029712-00029823": "was also interested", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00144-00029824-00030014": "in you know finding things that had", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00145-00030016-00030135": "damage on them as well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00146-00030136-00030262": "[Music]", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00147-00030263-00030527": "but in terms of the decoration um this", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00148-00030527-00030583": "can be", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00149-00030583-00030758": "quite i know when i first looked at this", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00150-00030760-00030927": "type of art it can be quite overwhelming", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00151-00030927-00031087": "it looks really complex", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00152-00031088-00031295": "but actually a lot of the ceramics", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00153-00031295-00031462": "feature very simple", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00154-00031463-00031687": "types of iconography um only dealing", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00155-00031688-00031902": "with maybe one or two subjects", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00156-00031903-00032135": "um and often for these types of jars", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00157-00032136-00032295": "there are things that connect to the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00158-00032295-00032414": "natural world particularly", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00159-00032416-00032751": "to wind and water which are obviously", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00160-00032752-00032983": "really important life-giving aspects to", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00161-00032984-00033079": "southwestern", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00162-00033080-00033327": "american communities particularly access", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00163-00033328-00033487": "to water", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00164-00033488-00033671": "and so the decoration on these actually", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00165-00033672-00033871": "alludes to different kind of ideas about", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00166-00033872-00033967": "water", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00167-00033968-00034167": "and at the top here around the neck we", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00168-00034168-00034431": "actually have a series of stylized", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00169-00034432-00034535": "renderings of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00170-00034536-00034871": "rain birds and through their kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00171-00034872-00035127": "curving beaks like this and and their", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00172-00035128-00035223": "plumage", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00173-00035224-00035446": "they're kind of really evoking a sense", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00174-00035447-00035615": "of the movement", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00175-00035616-00035887": "and fluidity and kind of swirling nature", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00176-00035888-00036079": "of water and wind", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00177-00036080-00036318": "um and really trying to kind of take you", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00178-00036319-00036407": "and evoke", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00179-00036408-00036567": "to you to these kind of instances of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00180-00036568-00036790": "when rain and water is appearing in the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00181-00036791-00036879": "environment", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00182-00036880-00037039": "um and even in things like these little", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00183-00037040-00037223": "hatchings and parallel lines", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00184-00037224-00037423": "um they kind of evoke senses of like", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00185-00037424-00037543": "curtains of rain", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00186-00037544-00037783": "and and droplets of rain appearing out", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00187-00037784-00037855": "of the sky", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00188-00037856-00038127": "and things so they're very kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00189-00038128-00038223": "evocative", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00190-00038224-00038511": "um i think as well and the body", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00191-00038512-00038743": "decoration is also very distinctive", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00192-00038744-00039095": "as well because it also has this rain", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00193-00039096-00039199": "bird motif", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00194-00039200-00039518": "um but this one is really sprawling it", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00195-00039519-00039567": "moves", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00196-00039568-00039879": "all across and around the body and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00197-00039880-00040071": "it really kind of gets you to think", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00198-00040072-00040207": "about looking at the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00199-00040208-00040390": "entire object you kind of want to follow", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00200-00040391-00040559": "around it and to", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00201-00040560-00040943": "look and see how all these patterns are", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00202-00040944-00041118": "interlocking and how they're changing", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00203-00041119-00041318": "and there's so much kind of asymmetry to", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00204-00041319-00041479": "it as well that you know everything is", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00205-00041480-00041615": "different every time you move it around", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00206-00041616-00041815": "you see something different and new", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00207-00041816-00042083": "and not repetitive which is which is", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00208-00042084-00042255": "interesting um and again", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00209-00042256-00042430": "similar kind of techniques for evoking", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00210-00042431-00042574": "things like water with like these", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00211-00042575-00042815": "hatched lines and parallel lines", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00212-00042816-00043143": "um and the use of you know kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00213-00043144-00043311": "triangles and things to kind of get this", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00214-00043312-00043567": "sense of like the movement of water", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00215-00043568-00043871": "falling as well so", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00216-00043872-00044079": "this is a really interesting way that", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00217-00044080-00044174": "they kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00218-00044175-00044430": "um the zuni pueblo peoples are kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00219-00044431-00044535": "evoking the sense", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00220-00044536-00044799": "of the changeable movement and nature of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00221-00044800-00044943": "wind and water", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00222-00044944-00045135": "and linking it in with their own beliefs", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00223-00045136-00045255": "of kind of mythology", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00224-00045256-00045630": "and cosmology um and a lot of these jars", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00225-00045631-00045711": "would actually be", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00226-00045712-00045967": "very utilitarian in nature they would be", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00227-00045968-00046095": "designed for", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00228-00046096-00046351": "collecting water often by women um but", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00229-00046352-00046535": "there could also be highly ceremonial in", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00230-00046536-00046686": "nature and very kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00231-00046687-00046911": "important players in zuni pueblo", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00232-00046912-00047079": "ceremonies as well so they have this", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00233-00047080-00047230": "interesting dual nature of being", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00234-00047231-00047407": "you know something utilitarian but also", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00235-00047408-00047655": "something really special as well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00236-00047656-00047830": "and of course the theme of rain and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00237-00047831-00047974": "water is", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00238-00047975-00048262": "also expressed through the materiality", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00239-00048263-00048335": "of the", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00240-00048336-00048590": "of the object as well it's made from", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00241-00048591-00048686": "clay", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00242-00048687-00048855": "and obviously to form it you need to", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00243-00048856-00048990": "actually interact with water", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00244-00048991-00049246": "in kind of shaping it and adding water", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00245-00049247-00049518": "to it so it inherently has this kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00246-00049519-00049815": "water aspect about it anyway because of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00247-00049816-00050039": "just the material that it's made from", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00248-00050040-00050183": "and of course like the paint and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00249-00050184-00050374": "pigments as well and the slit that is", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00250-00050375-00050583": "used to decorate it", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00251-00050584-00050830": "and color it or all use water as well so", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00252-00050831-00050999": "it has this kind of inherent", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00253-00051000-00051199": "water-ness about it as well which i", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00254-00051200-00051511": "think is is great to think about as well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00255-00051512-00051807": "um obviously the form is also", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00256-00051808-00051902": "specifically", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00257-00051903-00052126": "meant to hold water you can just look at", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00258-00052127-00052302": "it you can see it has this big bulbous", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00259-00052303-00052375": "body", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00260-00052376-00052542": "um which is meant to contain all this", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00261-00052544-00052726": "liquid within it and then", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00262-00052727-00052926": "it tapers towards the top and towards", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00263-00052927-00053159": "the rim so that it", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00264-00053160-00053399": "has more of a closed mouth which you", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00265-00053400-00053559": "know prevents things from spilling out", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00266-00053560-00053694": "of it easily", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00267-00053695-00053854": "and the big bulbous body uses like", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00268-00053855-00054030": "stability as well with all that weight", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00269-00054032-00054142": "of the water that's in it", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00270-00054144-00054526": "too so the form of the of the vessel is", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00271-00054527-00054582": "also", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00272-00054583-00054903": "inherently you know related to water", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00273-00054904-00055263": "as well so you get this lovely engage", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00274-00055264-00055403": "engagement and i think kind of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00275-00055404-00055575": "interconnectedness between", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00276-00055576-00055926": "the materials the making the form", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00277-00055927-00056311": "its function um and the decoration as", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00278-00056312-00056342": "well", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00279-00056344-00056511": "very much relates to this too and i", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00280-00056512-00056775": "think it really helps to", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00281-00056776-00057047": "um highlight the importance of rain and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00282-00057048-00057199": "water and wind", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00283-00057200-00057559": "to the zuni pueblo peoples so i hope you", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00284-00057560-00057742": "enjoyed this barnes take out um and when", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00285-00057744-00057807": "you're next", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00286-00057808-00058047": "in the museum please come and go and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00287-00058048-00058230": "take some time to have a look in this", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00288-00058232-00058375": "case in the lower lobby", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00289-00058376-00058550": "it's outside of the main gallery space", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00290-00058551-00058719": "so sometimes i feel like it doesn't get", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00291-00058720-00058775": "quite", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00292-00058776-00058982": "as much of the love and attention that", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00293-00058983-00059119": "it deserves", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00294-00059120-00059311": "and have a think about those themes of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00295-00059312-00059535": "wind and water and the environment and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00296-00059536-00059607": "nature", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00297-00059608-00059863": "when you're looking at this case and and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00298-00059864-00060079": "have an idea maybe about what barnes was", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00299-00060079-00060238": "trying to communicate there", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00300-00060239-00060535": "to so if you haven't already please", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00301-00060536-00060647": "subscribe to", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00302-00060648-00060919": "the barnes takeout and to get your daily", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00303-00060920-00061054": "serving of art", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00304-00061055-00061223": "and leave a comment i really really", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00305-00061224-00061406": "enjoy reading these and responding them", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00306-00061407-00061463": "to", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00307-00061464-00061735": "to them as well so i hope you enjoyed", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00308-00061736-00061815": "this and", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00309-00061816-00062230": "take care and be safe i'm tom collins", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00310-00062232-00062423": "new bower family executive director of", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00311-00062424-00062575": "the barnes foundation", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00312-00062576-00062815": "i hope you enjoyed barnes take out", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00313-00062816-00062894": "subscribe", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00314-00062895-00063071": "and make sure your post notifications", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00315-00063072-00063375": "are on to get daily servings of art", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00316-00063376-00063582": "thanks for watching and for your support", "jFZ6wpo1cG0-00317-00063583-00063895": "of the barnes foundation"}}, {"audio_id": "jG2jbmfVsT8", "text": {"jG2jbmfVsT8-00000-00000354-00000641": "I'm Amon's in la tumba mozzie I am", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00001-00000642-00000977": "working for Zahra self cameroon around", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00002-00000977-00001354": "the jaggis for yourself and also rounder", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00003-00001355-00001466": "la casa", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00004-00001467-00001726": "and what here is a social team so we are", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00005-00001727-00001955": "working with population living around", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00006-00001955-00002742": "the jab destroy reserve specially", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00007-00002743-00002961": "I think it's important for community to", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00008-00002962-00003311": "have a voice because sometimes we don't", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00009-00003313-00003590": "really know what what is the grid", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00010-00003592-00003813": "program which what what is the reality", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00011-00003814-00004077": "of this community that they live so it", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00012-00004078-00004365": "is really important to give them the", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00013-00004366-00004671": "voice to say these are our problems are", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00014-00004672-00004878": "really programmable because you can't", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00015-00004879-00005129": "just come and sit to a committee stop", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00016-00005130-00005391": "pushing without knowing why they are", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00017-00005392-00005613": "pushing how they approach they out they", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00018-00005614-00005879": "are making it and it's important to give", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00019-00005880-00006182": "them the voice to hurt how to help them", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00020-00006183-00006495": "first help their their problems and to", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00021-00006495-00006822": "see how we can go together to take your", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00022-00006823-00007533": "illegal wildlife trade", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00023-00007534-00007788": "it is important to share these stories", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00024-00007789-00008296": "because why hearing stories of somebody", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00025-00008297-00008664": "are not some other communities you can", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00026-00008665-00008960": "get a new approach to tickle in the", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00027-00008961-00009363": "gorilla trade on your field as now we", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00028-00009364-00009558": "are reassuring we are sharing many", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00029-00009559-00009741": "things I have heard today for example", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00030-00009742-00010080": "many stories and for another for other", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00031-00010081-00010359": "countries that will help me to turn back", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00032-00010360-00010688": "in my country Cameroon and manage my my", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00033-00010689-00011070": "my walk and see how I can do better to", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00034-00011071-00011433": "to to work with population and take in a", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00035-00011434-00011718": "girl wildlife trade so I think is a very", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00036-00011719-00011891": "important things to share these", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00037-00011892-00012174": "experiences and get something news", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00038-00012175-00013085": "jumping you to to want me to walk better", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00039-00013086-00013386": "I think first of all population look at", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00040-00013387-00013710": "population they they they like animals", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00041-00013711-00013880": "something with some time we think that", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00042-00013881-00014235": "they they are just bad people they like", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00043-00014236-00014633": "animals first and for my experience I", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00044-00014634-00014760": "know that they like and noise but", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00045-00014761-00015111": "because of poverty they they are first", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00046-00015112-00015630": "to to to kill them not not generally no", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00047-00015631-00015927": "calculation are not the one working big", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00048-00015928-00016169": "quantities of animals they are generally", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00049-00016170-00016407": "strangers we came for another another", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00050-00016408-00016740": "city sometime another country and give", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00051-00016741-00016905": "money to local populations who are", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00052-00016906-00017063": "combined them to the forest and kill", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00053-00017064-00017475": "become cities of animals and my small", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00054-00017476-00017742": "stories is one day I go to a village and", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00055-00017743-00018018": "the chief of the village tell us please", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00056-00018019-00018297": "can you help us to protect our animals", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00057-00018298-00018639": "because in when I was young my parents", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00058-00018640-00018969": "just have to turn around the kitchen and", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00059-00018970-00019233": "take animals and give us it but now we", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00060-00019234-00019566": "have to go far in the forest so they", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00061-00019567-00019725": "know that it is important to protect", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00062-00019726-00019986": "animals best because of poverty the only", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00063-00019987-00020418": "half choice they work with big hunters", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00064-00020419-00020780": "big pusher to destroy their forest so we", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00065-00020781-00021099": "have to introduce small programs like", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00066-00021100-00021309": "income generating activities like", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00067-00021310-00021633": "developing of tourism to help them", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00068-00021634-00021924": "getting money to other parts than", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00069-00021925-00022253": "washing activities and also to give them", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00070-00022254-00022464": "more empowerment to protect their forest", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00071-00022465-00022836": "through radio programs to get giving", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00072-00022837-00023052": "them phone to call one day they are", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00073-00023053-00023208": "stranger in the in the forest because", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00074-00023209-00023387": "they know that it is important to", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00075-00023388-00023637": "protect but they need to have more", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00076-00023638-00024066": "empowerment protective are more facility", "jG2jbmfVsT8-00077-00024067-00024323": "to do it"}}, {"audio_id": "jG3UPKxykEy", "text": {"jG3UPKxykEy-00000-00000000-00000202": "location where she was terrified of", "jG3UPKxykEy-00001-00000204-00000305": "someone", "jG3UPKxykEy-00002-00000306-00000539": "Lucinda was hearing strange voices all", "jG3UPKxykEy-00003-00000540-00000647": "the time", "jG3UPKxykEy-00004-00000648-00000802": "as though someone wanted to say", "jG3UPKxykEy-00005-00000803-00000935": "something to her", "jG3UPKxykEy-00006-00000936-00001247": "meanwhile recess is done and the teacher", "jG3UPKxykEy-00007-00001248-00001403": "instructs the pupils to enter the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00008-00001404-00001675": "classrooms from the bottom level however", "jG3UPKxykEy-00009-00001676-00001930": "Lucinda is still unable to hear her own", "jG3UPKxykEy-00010-00001932-00002039": "voice", "jG3UPKxykEy-00011-00002039-00002218": "the teacher then brings her into the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00012-00002219-00002417": "class and sits next to her", "jG3UPKxykEy-00013-00002418-00002633": "the teacher now informs the class that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00014-00002634-00002860": "tomorrow is the official opening day", "jG3UPKxykEy-00015-00002861-00003107": "she also informs the kids that on the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00016-00003108-00003322": "ceremonial opening day a competition", "jG3UPKxykEy-00017-00003323-00003454": "will be held", "jG3UPKxykEy-00018-00003455-00003659": "and the children will draw such things", "jG3UPKxykEy-00019-00003660-00003815": "in this competition that they believe", "jG3UPKxykEy-00020-00003815-00004001": "will occur in the future", "jG3UPKxykEy-00021-00004002-00004186": "this tournament piqued the interest of", "jG3UPKxykEy-00022-00004187-00004319": "all of the kids", "jG3UPKxykEy-00023-00004320-00004493": "and they start drawing something other", "jG3UPKxykEy-00024-00004494-00004822": "than Lucinda on her sheet Lucinda was", "jG3UPKxykEy-00025-00004823-00005015": "scribbling some figures", "jG3UPKxykEy-00026-00005016-00005183": "she had also filled her sheet with", "jG3UPKxykEy-00027-00005184-00005399": "numbers while jotting them down", "jG3UPKxykEy-00028-00005400-00005615": "Lucinda May write the last numerals", "jG3UPKxykEy-00029-00005616-00005861": "before it for the competition their", "jG3UPKxykEy-00030-00005862-00006067": "allotted time has expired", "jG3UPKxykEy-00031-00006068-00006293": "Lucinda's teacher takes away her sheet", "jG3UPKxykEy-00032-00006294-00006556": "all of the pupils drawings are saved in", "jG3UPKxykEy-00033-00006558-00006767": "a time capsule by the teacher", "jG3UPKxykEy-00034-00006768-00006934": "they've been promised that the Time", "jG3UPKxykEy-00035-00006936-00007217": "Capsule would be opened in five decades", "jG3UPKxykEy-00036-00007218-00007445": "that time capsule is now buried on the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00037-00007445-00007642": "official first day of school", "jG3UPKxykEy-00038-00007643-00007873": "Lucinda's teacher then notices her", "jG3UPKxykEy-00039-00007873-00008183": "Lucinda vanishes in the blink of an eye", "jG3UPKxykEy-00040-00008184-00008392": "the teacher was concerned as a result of", "jG3UPKxykEy-00041-00008393-00008489": "this", "jG3UPKxykEy-00042-00008490-00008674": "now the teacher and the rest of the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00043-00008675-00008842": "staff were looking for Lucinda and", "jG3UPKxykEy-00044-00008843-00008951": "calling her", "jG3UPKxykEy-00045-00008952-00009191": "in her search for Lucinda her teacher", "jG3UPKxykEy-00046-00009192-00009359": "goes down to the basement", "jG3UPKxykEy-00047-00009360-00009653": "she was hearing voices from another room", "jG3UPKxykEy-00048-00009654-00009863": "as they entered the room there was a", "jG3UPKxykEy-00049-00009864-00010181": "standing Lucinda she was terrified and", "jG3UPKxykEy-00050-00010182-00010337": "her finger was bleeding", "jG3UPKxykEy-00051-00010338-00010546": "looking at the door they noticed that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00052-00010547-00010835": "Lucinda has inscribed some numbers on it", "jG3UPKxykEy-00053-00010836-00011021": "these were the identical numerals she", "jG3UPKxykEy-00054-00011022-00011171": "had heard in her surroundings in a", "jG3UPKxykEy-00055-00011172-00011291": "muttered voice", "jG3UPKxykEy-00056-00011292-00011506": "and these final figures which she had", "jG3UPKxykEy-00057-00011507-00011705": "not recorded on her sheet", "jG3UPKxykEy-00058-00011706-00011885": "the muttering in her surroundings had", "jG3UPKxykEy-00059-00011886-00012071": "made Lucinda nervous", "jG3UPKxykEy-00060-00012072-00012395": "stop these voices she tells her teacher", "jG3UPKxykEy-00061-00012396-00012706": "in the film five decades have passed and", "jG3UPKxykEy-00062-00012707-00012877": "a scientist has arrived on the site", "jG3UPKxykEy-00063-00012878-00013169": "after the loss of his wife he suffers", "jG3UPKxykEy-00064-00013169-00013313": "from depression", "jG3UPKxykEy-00065-00013313-00013601": "Caleb the scientist's son is also", "jG3UPKxykEy-00066-00013602-00013738": "depicted here", "jG3UPKxykEy-00067-00013740-00013949": "and that child was depressed as a result", "jG3UPKxykEy-00068-00013950-00014129": "of his mother's death", "jG3UPKxykEy-00069-00014130-00014357": "Caleb's School celebrated its 50th", "jG3UPKxykEy-00070-00014358-00014536": "Anniversary the next day", "jG3UPKxykEy-00071-00014537-00014758": "according to the Lexington school they", "jG3UPKxykEy-00072-00014759-00015005": "had to dig up the buried time capsule", "jG3UPKxykEy-00073-00015006-00015251": "the school principal Taylor who was", "jG3UPKxykEy-00074-00015252-00015479": "Lucinda's instructor was assigned to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00075-00015480-00015616": "this assignment", "jG3UPKxykEy-00076-00015618-00015821": "the pages from the Time Capsule are", "jG3UPKxykEy-00077-00015822-00016108": "distributed to all students a sheet is", "jG3UPKxykEy-00078-00016109-00016415": "also given to Caleb however unlike the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00079-00016416-00016619": "other kids he received a page with", "jG3UPKxykEy-00080-00016620-00016930": "numbers rather than illustrations", "jG3UPKxykEy-00081-00016931-00017147": "he had the sheet of Lucinda because he", "jG3UPKxykEy-00082-00017148-00017435": "had it as Lucinda heard the similar", "jG3UPKxykEy-00083-00017436-00017608": "mumbling started around Caleb's", "jG3UPKxykEy-00084-00017609-00017722": "surrounds", "jG3UPKxykEy-00085-00017723-00018017": "these voices he believes are coming from", "jG3UPKxykEy-00086-00018018-00018191": "the distance of the school", "jG3UPKxykEy-00087-00018192-00018449": "as he mulls over those voices the voices", "jG3UPKxykEy-00088-00018450-00018599": "fade away", "jG3UPKxykEy-00089-00018600-00018850": "coming into the house scientist John and", "jG3UPKxykEy-00090-00018851-00019079": "his son Caleb are conversing", "jG3UPKxykEy-00091-00019080-00019313": "that scientist also notices the sheet of", "jG3UPKxykEy-00092-00019314-00019594": "Lucinda at the same time when he saw", "jG3UPKxykEy-00093-00019595-00019877": "that sheet of Lucinda he was taken aback", "jG3UPKxykEy-00094-00019878-00020135": "he was thinking surely there's a message", "jG3UPKxykEy-00095-00020136-00020483": "in these numbers he reasoned however he", "jG3UPKxykEy-00096-00020484-00020664": "disregards the digits on the sheets", "jG3UPKxykEy-00097-00020665-00020980": "after a while John keeps his glass on", "jG3UPKxykEy-00098-00020981-00021149": "that drawing by accident", "jG3UPKxykEy-00099-00021150-00021400": "as a result several numbers on the sheet", "jG3UPKxykEy-00100-00021401-00021557": "have been surrounded", "jG3UPKxykEy-00101-00021558-00021772": "when he discovers these numbers he", "jG3UPKxykEy-00102-00021773-00021994": "realizes that it is a date and that many", "jG3UPKxykEy-00103-00021995-00022180": "students were slain in the classroom on", "jG3UPKxykEy-00104-00022181-00022414": "that date when he looked at that paper", "jG3UPKxykEy-00105-00022415-00022630": "he noticed that those numbers were also", "jG3UPKxykEy-00106-00022631-00022835": "printed on it the number of persons who", "jG3UPKxykEy-00107-00022836-00022985": "had died that day", "jG3UPKxykEy-00108-00022986-00023225": "that scientist was taken aback when he", "jG3UPKxykEy-00109-00023226-00023435": "saw it he's starting to notice", "jG3UPKxykEy-00110-00023436-00023644": "additional numbers now and he's writing", "jG3UPKxykEy-00111-00023645-00023819": "them down on the Whiteboard", "jG3UPKxykEy-00112-00023820-00024058": "and upon his detection it was found that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00113-00024059-00024221": "the numbers scribbled on that sheet were", "jG3UPKxykEy-00114-00024222-00024371": "not useless numbers", "jG3UPKxykEy-00115-00024372-00024628": "these were either dates or numerals", "jG3UPKxykEy-00116-00024629-00024833": "these dates pointed to tragedies or", "jG3UPKxykEy-00117-00024834-00025007": "adversities and there were some numbers", "jG3UPKxykEy-00118-00025008-00025217": "ahead of those dates that indicated how", "jG3UPKxykEy-00119-00025218-00025433": "many people died in the calamity", "jG3UPKxykEy-00120-00025434-00025631": "and the year in which Lucinda wrote this", "jG3UPKxykEy-00121-00025632-00025852": "sheet as well as the catastrophes that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00122-00025854-00026044": "had occurred since that time were all", "jG3UPKxykEy-00123-00026045-00026302": "mentioned on that sheet scientists are", "jG3UPKxykEy-00124-00026304-00026567": "now encircling the dates with red paint", "jG3UPKxykEy-00125-00026568-00026770": "he then starts to encircle the death", "jG3UPKxykEy-00126-00026772-00026974": "dates in a bluish color", "jG3UPKxykEy-00127-00026975-00027143": "there were a few numbers that he was", "jG3UPKxykEy-00128-00027144-00027364": "still having trouble calculating", "jG3UPKxykEy-00129-00027366-00027551": "John meets with one of his co-workers", "jG3UPKxykEy-00130-00027552-00027827": "the next day and he goes into detail", "jG3UPKxykEy-00131-00027827-00028073": "about this sheet he claims that the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00132-00028074-00028246": "numbers printed on this sheet represent", "jG3UPKxykEy-00133-00028247-00028451": "either the dates of the disasters or the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00134-00028452-00028618": "digits of the people who died in the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00135-00028619-00028901": "tragedy John also informs him that these", "jG3UPKxykEy-00136-00028902-00029087": "numbers are part of that series which", "jG3UPKxykEy-00137-00029088-00029273": "includes the dates of any disaster that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00138-00029274-00029446": "has occurred on this planet", "jG3UPKxykEy-00139-00029447-00029639": "and he was informing him that the date", "jG3UPKxykEy-00140-00029639-00029890": "for tomorrow was also specified", "jG3UPKxykEy-00141-00029891-00030131": "where the lives of 21 people will be put", "jG3UPKxykEy-00142-00030132-00030449": "to an end however John's co-worker found", "jG3UPKxykEy-00143-00030450-00030640": "it impossible to believe", "jG3UPKxykEy-00144-00030641-00030851": "and this co-worker advises you to these", "jG3UPKxykEy-00145-00030852-00031133": "figures could be coincidental John", "jG3UPKxykEy-00146-00031133-00031312": "because there are numerous other numbers", "jG3UPKxykEy-00147-00031313-00031523": "on this piece of paper that appear to be", "jG3UPKxykEy-00148-00031524-00031637": "meaningless", "jG3UPKxykEy-00149-00031638-00031858": "now he says to John to calm him down", "jG3UPKxykEy-00150-00031860-00032093": "someone might make fun of you", "jG3UPKxykEy-00151-00032094-00032308": "John visits the teacher's home to learn", "jG3UPKxykEy-00152-00032310-00032489": "the truth about that paper", "jG3UPKxykEy-00153-00032489-00032771": "before five decades who was Lucinda's", "jG3UPKxykEy-00154-00032772-00032999": "teacher and he confirms to John that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00155-00033000-00033257": "this document is genuine as claimed by a", "jG3UPKxykEy-00156-00033258-00033443": "little girl named Lucinda", "jG3UPKxykEy-00157-00033444-00033635": "he further tells John that during the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00158-00033636-00033845": "time Lucinda was writing the sheet sh", "jG3UPKxykEy-00159-00033846-00034037": "was also dealing with some mysterious", "jG3UPKxykEy-00160-00034038-00034246": "events", "jG3UPKxykEy-00161-00034247-00034468": "this suggests she used to hear unusual", "jG3UPKxykEy-00162-00034469-00034667": "voices in her environment", "jG3UPKxykEy-00163-00034668-00034871": "she also describes the events of that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00164-00034872-00035117": "day when Lucinda vanished", "jG3UPKxykEy-00165-00035118-00035327": "she had also used her fingernails to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00166-00035328-00035590": "engrave some digits on the door John", "jG3UPKxykEy-00167-00035591-00035789": "Lucinda was now interested in learning", "jG3UPKxykEy-00168-00035790-00036089": "more about Lucinda however the teacher", "jG3UPKxykEy-00169-00036090-00036281": "informs him that Lucinda died a few", "jG3UPKxykEy-00170-00036282-00036533": "years ago after succumbing to a sickness", "jG3UPKxykEy-00171-00036534-00036815": "when John steps Outdoors he discovers", "jG3UPKxykEy-00172-00036816-00037007": "that his son Caleb is conversing with", "jG3UPKxykEy-00173-00037008-00037109": "someone", "jG3UPKxykEy-00174-00037110-00037379": "and that odd figure hands Caleb a stone", "jG3UPKxykEy-00175-00037380-00037571": "he then walks away without saying", "jG3UPKxykEy-00176-00037572-00037709": "anything to him", "jG3UPKxykEy-00177-00037710-00037955": "the next day John was observed on the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00178-00037956-00038171": "road on his way to pick up Caleb from", "jG3UPKxykEy-00179-00038172-00038279": "school", "jG3UPKxykEy-00180-00038280-00038512": "due to the traffic delay he was unable", "jG3UPKxykEy-00181-00038513-00038824": "to proceed suddenly he checks at the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00182-00038825-00038940": "car's GPS", "jG3UPKxykEy-00183-00038941-00039196": "he recalls some digits written on the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00184-00039197-00039371": "sheet through its digits", "jG3UPKxykEy-00185-00039372-00039580": "during the investigation it was", "jG3UPKxykEy-00186-00039581-00039767": "discovered that an airplane had crashed", "jG3UPKxykEy-00187-00039768-00039868": "nearby", "jG3UPKxykEy-00188-00039869-00040090": "John returns home after searching for", "jG3UPKxykEy-00189-00040091-00040283": "the facts of the disaster", "jG3UPKxykEy-00190-00040284-00040505": "where he learns that 81 people have died", "jG3UPKxykEy-00191-00040506-00040630": "thus far", "jG3UPKxykEy-00192-00040631-00040846": "it signifies that she was completely", "jG3UPKxykEy-00193-00040847-00041045": "correct in his prognosis", "jG3UPKxykEy-00194-00041046-00041309": "in the room of Caleb the same enigmatic", "jG3UPKxykEy-00195-00041310-00041585": "figure appears who had presented a black", "jG3UPKxykEy-00196-00041586-00041890": "stone to Caleb he shows Caleb a scene in", "jG3UPKxykEy-00197-00041891-00042071": "which everything is on fire and people", "jG3UPKxykEy-00198-00042072-00042257": "are fleeing for their lives", "jG3UPKxykEy-00199-00042258-00042587": "after being terrified of him Caleb yells", "jG3UPKxykEy-00200-00042588-00042833": "and John rushes up to his son", "jG3UPKxykEy-00201-00042834-00043073": "however that man had left the room until", "jG3UPKxykEy-00202-00043074-00043343": "then John sees the man through the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00203-00043344-00043427": "window", "jG3UPKxykEy-00204-00043428-00043655": "as he tries to apprehend that individual", "jG3UPKxykEy-00205-00043656-00043829": "he vanishes", "jG3UPKxykEy-00206-00043830-00044123": "the next day John contacts Lucinda's", "jG3UPKxykEy-00207-00044124-00044249": "daughter in the hopes of gathering", "jG3UPKxykEy-00208-00044250-00044530": "information about her Diana was the name", "jG3UPKxykEy-00209-00044531-00044645": "of the girl", "jG3UPKxykEy-00210-00044646-00044939": "John informs her about the Lucinda sheet", "jG3UPKxykEy-00211-00044940-00045143": "whose forecast was turning out to be", "jG3UPKxykEy-00212-00045144-00045251": "correct", "jG3UPKxykEy-00213-00045252-00045449": "he also predicts that an accident will", "jG3UPKxykEy-00214-00045450-00045743": "occur exactly three days from now in", "jG3UPKxykEy-00215-00045744-00045952": "which 33 people's lives will be cut", "jG3UPKxykEy-00216-00045953-00046246": "short now John was appealing to her I", "jG3UPKxykEy-00217-00046247-00046408": "need your help to save those people's", "jG3UPKxykEy-00218-00046409-00046505": "lives", "jG3UPKxykEy-00219-00046506-00046768": "Diana on the other hand thought his", "jG3UPKxykEy-00220-00046769-00046996": "entire conversation was pointless", "jG3UPKxykEy-00221-00046997-00047302": "as a result she and her daughter leave", "jG3UPKxykEy-00222-00047303-00047537": "when John gets home he hears a news", "jG3UPKxykEy-00223-00047538-00047758": "broadcast on the television", "jG3UPKxykEy-00224-00047759-00047927": "they were broadcasting about the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00225-00047928-00048137": "terrorist incident the next day", "jG3UPKxykEy-00226-00048138-00048335": "using the set of numbers on that sheet", "jG3UPKxykEy-00227-00048336-00048611": "John creates a GPS code", "jG3UPKxykEy-00228-00048612-00048802": "he alerts police officers of an", "jG3UPKxykEy-00229-00048803-00049049": "impending attack at the service station", "jG3UPKxykEy-00230-00049050-00049283": "then John and the police officers go to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00231-00049284-00049474": "the service station where they run into", "jG3UPKxykEy-00232-00049475-00049762": "a man they were suspecting him of being", "jG3UPKxykEy-00233-00049763-00049895": "a terrorist", "jG3UPKxykEy-00234-00049896-00050302": "he was in fact a common robber meanwhile", "jG3UPKxykEy-00235-00050303-00050495": "they noticed that another train has", "jG3UPKxykEy-00236-00050496-00050746": "changed its route because of the track", "jG3UPKxykEy-00237-00050747-00050962": "change one train collided with another", "jG3UPKxykEy-00238-00050963-00051089": "train", "jG3UPKxykEy-00239-00051090-00051346": "the people are in a state of upheaval", "jG3UPKxykEy-00240-00051347-00051575": "passengers begin to disembark from the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00241-00051576-00051670": "trains", "jG3UPKxykEy-00242-00051671-00051958": "in addition numerous passengers died in", "jG3UPKxykEy-00243-00051959-00052138": "the train catastrophe", "jG3UPKxykEy-00244-00052139-00052342": "it had proven that Lucinda's forecast", "jG3UPKxykEy-00245-00052344-00052649": "was likewise completely accurate John", "jG3UPKxykEy-00246-00052650-00052913": "was also one of the lucky ones as he", "jG3UPKxykEy-00247-00052914-00053225": "makes his way back to his house", "jG3UPKxykEy-00248-00053226-00053441": "then he runs across Lucinda's daughter", "jG3UPKxykEy-00249-00053441-00053669": "who informs her that the last digit on", "jG3UPKxykEy-00250-00053670-00053830": "this sheet has something to do with the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00251-00053832-00053969": "forthcoming day", "jG3UPKxykEy-00252-00053970-00054191": "and Diana claims that Lucinda used to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00253-00054191-00054503": "remark on this date I will be no more", "jG3UPKxykEy-00254-00054504-00054713": "and she now informs John that it was", "jG3UPKxykEy-00255-00054714-00054899": "because of this that she used to despise", "jG3UPKxykEy-00256-00054900-00055091": "her mother because she had knowledge of", "jG3UPKxykEy-00257-00055091-00055259": "people's death dates", "jG3UPKxykEy-00258-00055260-00055504": "now Diana takes John to the house where", "jG3UPKxykEy-00259-00055505-00055697": "Lucinda used to go when she needed to be", "jG3UPKxykEy-00260-00055698-00055816": "away from everyone", "jG3UPKxykEy-00261-00055817-00056057": "those folks pay attention to the Sheet's", "jG3UPKxykEy-00262-00056058-00056285": "last numbers where a reversed e has been", "jG3UPKxykEy-00263-00056286-00056494": "printed and they reasoned that these", "jG3UPKxykEy-00264-00056495-00056765": "were the Lucinda family name alphabets", "jG3UPKxykEy-00265-00056766-00056988": "they are aware as they inspect the house", "jG3UPKxykEy-00266-00056989-00057259": "the letter e stood for everyone else", "jG3UPKxykEy-00267-00057260-00057497": "this signifies that on this date", "jG3UPKxykEy-00268-00057498-00057700": "everyone will die", "jG3UPKxykEy-00269-00057701-00057904": "then John examines a number of the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00270-00057905-00058073": "stones that the strange stranger had", "jG3UPKxykEy-00271-00058074-00058397": "presented to Caleb outside Diana's", "jG3UPKxykEy-00272-00058398-00058625": "daughter and Caleb were in the car", "jG3UPKxykEy-00273-00058626-00058811": "the same weird people who had been", "jG3UPKxykEy-00274-00058812-00059032": "spotted by Caleb now come there", "jG3UPKxykEy-00275-00059033-00059254": "they were telling the children come to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00276-00059255-00059338": "us", "jG3UPKxykEy-00277-00059339-00059554": "their mumbling was the same as Lucinda", "jG3UPKxykEy-00278-00059555-00059663": "had heard", "jG3UPKxykEy-00279-00059664-00059879": "in the same way that Caleb had heard it", "jG3UPKxykEy-00280-00059879-00060059": "at the beginning of the film", "jG3UPKxykEy-00281-00060060-00060292": "Caleb does not follow them but instead", "jG3UPKxykEy-00282-00060294-00060497": "honks the vehicle's horn demonstrating", "jG3UPKxykEy-00283-00060498-00060647": "his foresight", "jG3UPKxykEy-00284-00060648-00060887": "Diana and John see something as awry", "jG3UPKxykEy-00285-00060888-00061066": "outside right away", "jG3UPKxykEy-00286-00061067-00061342": "they also venture outside those weird", "jG3UPKxykEy-00287-00061344-00061607": "folks on the other hand had vanished by", "jG3UPKxykEy-00288-00061608-00061726": "that time", "jG3UPKxykEy-00289-00061727-00061930": "but Jon notices one of the men in", "jG3UPKxykEy-00290-00061932-00062213": "demands what do you want as he pursues", "jG3UPKxykEy-00291-00062214-00062285": "him", "jG3UPKxykEy-00292-00062286-00062542": "at the same time that man opens his", "jG3UPKxykEy-00293-00062544-00062794": "mouth releasing a dazzling light", "jG3UPKxykEy-00294-00062795-00063011": "that figure vanishes as soon as the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00295-00063012-00063149": "light stops coming", "jG3UPKxykEy-00296-00063150-00063365": "after that they all go to John's", "jG3UPKxykEy-00297-00063366-00063479": "residence", "jG3UPKxykEy-00298-00063479-00063700": "where Diana was upset because she was", "jG3UPKxykEy-00299-00063701-00063899": "convinced that Lucinda's prophesy was", "jG3UPKxykEy-00300-00063900-00064007": "accurate", "jG3UPKxykEy-00301-00064008-00064259": "everyone will die in a day according to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00302-00064260-00064397": "her forecast", "jG3UPKxykEy-00303-00064398-00064594": "it is their last night together in this", "jG3UPKxykEy-00304-00064595-00064871": "world after a while Diana's daughter", "jG3UPKxykEy-00305-00064872-00065123": "draws a picture and John deduces from it", "jG3UPKxykEy-00306-00065124-00065285": "that the impending tragedy would come", "jG3UPKxykEy-00307-00065286-00065597": "from the sun's side he promptly returns", "jG3UPKxykEy-00308-00065598-00065788": "to his office and examines the solar", "jG3UPKxykEy-00309-00065789-00065891": "rays", "jG3UPKxykEy-00310-00065892-00066100": "reading was not at an average level in", "jG3UPKxykEy-00311-00066101-00066197": "this case", "jG3UPKxykEy-00312-00066198-00066455": "as a result such radiations will be", "jG3UPKxykEy-00313-00066456-00066629": "emitted by the sun potentially", "jG3UPKxykEy-00314-00066630-00066929": "destroying the entire solar system after", "jG3UPKxykEy-00315-00066930-00067169": "arriving at the residence John discovers", "jG3UPKxykEy-00316-00067170-00067367": "that Caleb is likewise writing the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00317-00067368-00067559": "identical sheets that Lucinda used to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00318-00067560-00067637": "write", "jG3UPKxykEy-00319-00067638-00067865": "Caleb recalls that teacher had informed", "jG3UPKxykEy-00320-00067866-00068044": "him that Lucinda had also carved some", "jG3UPKxykEy-00321-00068045-00068326": "digits on the door he immediately goes", "jG3UPKxykEy-00322-00068327-00068500": "to school and returns home through that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00323-00068501-00068591": "door", "jG3UPKxykEy-00324-00068592-00068849": "however Diana departs with her daughter", "jG3UPKxykEy-00325-00068850-00069041": "and Caleb before he arrives at the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00326-00069042-00069143": "residence", "jG3UPKxykEy-00327-00069144-00069431": "to take refuge in a cave as a result", "jG3UPKxykEy-00328-00069432-00069719": "they will be safe from the solar flare", "jG3UPKxykEy-00329-00069720-00069947": "after calculating the Reed carved digits", "jG3UPKxykEy-00330-00069948-00070187": "on the door John realizes that there is", "jG3UPKxykEy-00331-00070188-00070331": "a section of Earth where they can be", "jG3UPKxykEy-00332-00070332-00070553": "safe from the disaster so he travels", "jG3UPKxykEy-00333-00070554-00070732": "there", "jG3UPKxykEy-00334-00070733-00070961": "however he does not see anyone with", "jG3UPKxykEy-00335-00070962-00071188": "Diana arriving at the house", "jG3UPKxykEy-00336-00071189-00071465": "he's now on the hunt for them at a gas", "jG3UPKxykEy-00337-00071466-00071717": "station Diana may be seen", "jG3UPKxykEy-00338-00071718-00071932": "it was announced that a looming tragedy", "jG3UPKxykEy-00339-00071933-00072137": "would strike the entire world", "jG3UPKxykEy-00340-00072138-00072323": "everyone needs to take refuge", "jG3UPKxykEy-00341-00072324-00072449": "Underground", "jG3UPKxykEy-00342-00072450-00072676": "Diana summons John and informs him of", "jG3UPKxykEy-00343-00072677-00072821": "her location", "jG3UPKxykEy-00344-00072822-00073037": "John informs her that we only have one", "jG3UPKxykEy-00345-00073038-00073223": "shelter from which to protect ourselves", "jG3UPKxykEy-00346-00073224-00073487": "while on our way there it was in the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00347-00073488-00073775": "house that Lucinda used to hide herself", "jG3UPKxykEy-00348-00073776-00073985": "she was preoccupied with making a phone", "jG3UPKxykEy-00349-00073986-00074182": "call to report that her automobile had", "jG3UPKxykEy-00350-00074183-00074326": "been stolen", "jG3UPKxykEy-00351-00074327-00074585": "her children were also present after", "jG3UPKxykEy-00352-00074586-00074837": "stealing a car Diana begins to pursue", "jG3UPKxykEy-00353-00074838-00075173": "him however she is in a rush to avoid an", "jG3UPKxykEy-00354-00075174-00075473": "accident Diana had now also perished as", "jG3UPKxykEy-00355-00075474-00075737": "her mother Lucinda had predicted John", "jG3UPKxykEy-00356-00075738-00075959": "finds his way to Lucinda's house where", "jG3UPKxykEy-00357-00075960-00076126": "he notices the same black Stones", "jG3UPKxykEy-00358-00076127-00076379": "everywhere and one of them belonged to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00359-00076380-00076475": "Caleb", "jG3UPKxykEy-00360-00076476-00076655": "some of them were also present in", "jG3UPKxykEy-00361-00076656-00076967": "Lucinda now Jon throws a glimpse at that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00362-00076968-00077165": "unusual man and prepares to shoot him", "jG3UPKxykEy-00363-00077166-00077405": "but his son Caleb intervenes and informs", "jG3UPKxykEy-00364-00077406-00077543": "him that these people are going to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00365-00077544-00077855": "secure us it's on display here", "jG3UPKxykEy-00366-00077856-00078029": "they were the same folks who were", "jG3UPKxykEy-00367-00078030-00078282": "sharing information about the disasters", "jG3UPKxykEy-00368-00078283-00078485": "Lucinda was the first to hear their", "jG3UPKxykEy-00369-00078486-00078575": "voices", "jG3UPKxykEy-00370-00078576-00078785": "their voices were now occasionally heard", "jG3UPKxykEy-00371-00078786-00078935": "by Caleb", "jG3UPKxykEy-00372-00078936-00079132": "some spaceships have emerged in the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00373-00079133-00079276": "skies recently", "jG3UPKxykEy-00374-00079277-00079481": "now John had realized that it was time", "jG3UPKxykEy-00375-00079482-00079631": "to go from Earth", "jG3UPKxykEy-00376-00079632-00079900": "those weird folks on the other hand do", "jG3UPKxykEy-00377-00079901-00080171": "not force John to board their spaceship", "jG3UPKxykEy-00378-00080172-00080399": "because the kids including Caleb and", "jG3UPKxykEy-00379-00080400-00080579": "Diana's daughter were the only ones", "jG3UPKxykEy-00380-00080580-00080776": "allowed aboard the spaceship", "jG3UPKxykEy-00381-00080777-00081035": "for the last time Caleb and John meet", "jG3UPKxykEy-00382-00081036-00081167": "with each other", "jG3UPKxykEy-00383-00081168-00081388": "those strange folks had transformed into", "jG3UPKxykEy-00384-00081389-00081544": "a gleaming figure", "jG3UPKxykEy-00385-00081545-00081755": "who then proceed to their spaceship and", "jG3UPKxykEy-00386-00081756-00081929": "abduct those children", "jG3UPKxykEy-00387-00081930-00082156": "from there the spaceship flies into", "jG3UPKxykEy-00388-00082157-00082288": "space", "jG3UPKxykEy-00389-00082289-00082565": "meanwhile John notices a slew of other", "jG3UPKxykEy-00390-00082566-00082697": "spaceships", "jG3UPKxykEy-00391-00082698-00082997": "as the sun rises John finds himself on a", "jG3UPKxykEy-00392-00082998-00083159": "dark stone floor", "jG3UPKxykEy-00393-00083160-00083356": "and he learns of the impending disaster", "jG3UPKxykEy-00394-00083357-00083621": "as he observes it in his surroundings", "jG3UPKxykEy-00395-00083622-00083891": "he returns to his family right away", "jG3UPKxykEy-00396-00083892-00084112": "he informs him that Caleb has rescued", "jG3UPKxykEy-00397-00084113-00084197": "him", "jG3UPKxykEy-00398-00084198-00084412": "the members of John's family Embrace", "jG3UPKxykEy-00399-00084413-00084647": "each other and it has been observed that", "jG3UPKxykEy-00400-00084648-00084862": "a solar flare has begun to destroy the", "jG3UPKxykEy-00401-00084863-00084988": "entire world", "jG3UPKxykEy-00402-00084989-00085229": "the entire Globe had been eliminated in", "jG3UPKxykEy-00403-00085230-00085331": "this manner", "jG3UPKxykEy-00404-00085332-00085565": "finally the spaceship is observed", "jG3UPKxykEy-00405-00085566-00085744": "dropping those children off at various", "jG3UPKxykEy-00406-00085745-00085882": "locations", "jG3UPKxykEy-00407-00085883-00086069": "Caleb and his friend were at a really", "jG3UPKxykEy-00408-00086070-00086279": "lovely place which they described as", "jG3UPKxykEy-00409-00086280-00086405": "Paradise", "jG3UPKxykEy-00410-00086406-00086681": "it brings the film to a close however", "jG3UPKxykEy-00411-00086682-00086987": "little is known about those strange men", "jG3UPKxykEy-00412-00086988-00087203": "who had chosen Caleb and His companion", "jG3UPKxykEy-00413-00087204-00087467": "it's possible their extraterrestrials", "jG3UPKxykEy-00414-00087468-00087682": "who was it that had brought certain", "jG3UPKxykEy-00415-00087683-00087881": "people from Earth to space in order to", "jG3UPKxykEy-00416-00087882-00088018": "protect Humanity", "jG3UPKxykEy-00417-00088019-00088241": "many other spaceships had dropped into", "jG3UPKxykEy-00418-00088242-00088507": "space along"}}, {"audio_id": "jG8fr-0ZYC8", "text": {"jG8fr-0ZYC8-00000-00000050-00000480": "in mathematics hyperbolic geometry also", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00001-00000481-00000748": "called Bolyai Lobachevsky and geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00002-00000749-00001096": "or Lobachevsky and geometry is a non", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00003-00001097-00001465": "Euclidean geometry the parallel", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00004-00001466-00001762": "postulate of Euclidean geometry is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00005-00001763-00001955": "replaced with", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00006-00001957-00002318": "for any given line our and point P not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00007-00002319-00002637": "on our in the plane containing both line", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00008-00002638-00002931": "R and point P there are at least two", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00009-00002932-00003213": "distinct lines through P that do not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00010-00003214-00003436": "intersect our", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00011-00003436-00003784": "compare this with playfair's axiom the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00012-00003785-00004022": "modern version of Euclid's parallel", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00013-00004023-00004390": "postulate hyperbolic plane geometry as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00014-00004391-00004729": "also the geometry of saddle surfaces and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00015-00004730-00005047": "pseudo spherical surfaces surfaces with", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00016-00005048-00005454": "a constant negative Gaussian curvature a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00017-00005455-00005851": "modern use of hyperbolic geometry as in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00018-00005852-00006114": "the theory of special relativity", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00019-00006115-00006415": "particularly Minkowski space-time and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00020-00006416-00006642": "gyro vector space", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00021-00006643-00006994": "when geometers first realized they were", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00022-00006995-00007221": "working with something other than the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00023-00007222-00007485": "standard Euclidean geometry they", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00024-00007486-00007744": "described their geometry under many", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00025-00007745-00008109": "different names felix klein finally gave", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00026-00008111-00008380": "the subject the name hyperbolic geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00027-00008381-00008701": "to include it in the now rarely used", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00028-00008702-00009043": "sequence elliptic geometry spherical", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00029-00009044-00009427": "geometry parabolic geometry Euclidean", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00030-00009428-00009924": "geometry and hyperbolic geometry in the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00031-00009925-00010207": "former Soviet Union it is commonly", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00032-00010208-00010534": "called Lobachevsky and geometry named", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00033-00010535-00010843": "after one of its discoverers the Russian", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00034-00010844-00011308": "geometers nikola Lobachevsky this page", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00035-00011309-00011569": "is mainly about the two dimensional", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00036-00011570-00011883": "planar hyperbolic geometry and the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00037-00011884-00012126": "differences and similarities between", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00038-00012127-00012574": "Euclidean and hyperbolic geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00039-00012575-00012916": "hyperbolic geometry can be extended to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00040-00012918-00013247": "three and more dimensions see hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00041-00013247-00013507": "space for more on the three and higher", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00042-00013508-00014221": "dimensional cases", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00043-00014222-00015116": "topic properties", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00044-00015118-00015884": "topic relation to Euclidean geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00045-00015885-00016176": "hyperbolic geometry is more closely", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00046-00016177-00016503": "related to Euclidean geometry than it", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00047-00016504-00016842": "seems the only axiomatic difference as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00048-00016843-00017259": "the parallel postulate when the parallel", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00049-00017260-00017502": "postulate is removed from Euclidean", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00050-00017503-00017856": "geometry the resulting geometry as the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00051-00017857-00018132": "absolute geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00052-00018133-00018482": "there are two kinds of absolute geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00053-00018483-00018838": "Euclidean and hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00054-00018839-00019132": "all theorems of absolute geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00055-00019133-00019356": "including the first twenty-eight", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00056-00019357-00019621": "propositions of book one of Euclid's", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00057-00019622-00019903": "elements are valid in Euclidean and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00058-00019904-00020458": "hyperbolic geometry propositions 27 and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00059-00020459-00020716": "28 of book one of Euclid's elements", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00060-00020717-00021058": "prove the existence of parallel non", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00061-00021059-00021493": "intersecting lines this difference also", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00062-00021494-00021847": "has many consequences concepts that are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00063-00021848-00022177": "equivalent in Euclidean geometry are not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00064-00022178-00022513": "equivalent in hyperbolic geometry new", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00065-00022514-00022942": "concepts need to be introduced further", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00066-00022943-00023232": "because of the angle of parallelism", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00067-00023233-00023554": "hyperbolic geometry has an absolute", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00068-00023555-00023860": "scale a relation between distance and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00069-00023861-00024508": "angle measurements", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00070-00024509-00025018": "topic lines", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00071-00025019-00025414": "single lines in hyperbolic geometry have", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00072-00025415-00025719": "exactly the same properties as single", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00073-00025720-00026152": "straight lines in Euclidean geometry for", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00074-00026152-00026439": "example two points uniquely define a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00075-00026441-00026704": "line and lines can be infinitely", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00076-00026705-00027139": "extended two intersecting lines have the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00077-00027139-00027430": "same properties as two intersecting", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00078-00027431-00027880": "lines in Euclidean geometry for example", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00079-00027881-00028158": "two lines can intersect in no more than", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00080-00028160-00028501": "one point intersecting lines have equal", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00081-00028502-00028813": "opposite angles and adjacent angles of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00082-00028814-00029139": "intersecting lines are supplementary", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00083-00029139-00029476": "when we add a third line then there are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00084-00029477-00029749": "properties of intersecting lines that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00085-00029750-00029989": "differ from intersecting lines in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00086-00029989-00030448": "Euclidean geometry for example given two", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00087-00030449-00030682": "intersecting lines there are infinitely", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00088-00030683-00030997": "many lines that do not intersect either", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00089-00030998-00031264": "of the given lines", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00090-00031266-00031577": "these properties all are independent of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00091-00031577-00031856": "the model used even if the lines may", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00092-00031857-00032504": "look radically different", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00093-00032505-00033262": "topic non-intersecting parallel lines", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00094-00033263-00033584": "non-intersecting lines in hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00095-00033585-00033851": "geometry also have properties that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00096-00033852-00034160": "differ from non intersecting lines in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00097-00034161-00034432": "Euclidean geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00098-00034433-00034789": "for any line are and any point P which", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00099-00034790-00035037": "does not lie on our in the plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00100-00035038-00035355": "containing line R and point P there are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00101-00035356-00035652": "at least two distinct lines through P", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00102-00035653-00035952": "that do not intersect are this implies", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00103-00035953-00036202": "that there are through P an infinite", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00104-00036203-00036457": "number of coplanar lines that do not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00105-00036458-00036697": "intersect our", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00106-00036698-00037024": "these non-intersecting lines are divided", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00107-00037025-00037492": "into two classes two of the lines x and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00108-00037493-00037804": "y in the diagram are limiting parallels", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00109-00037805-00038095": "sometimes called critically parallel", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00110-00038096-00038419": "Haro parallel or just parallel there is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00111-00038420-00038638": "one in the direction of each of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00112-00038639-00039006": "ideal points at the ends of our", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00113-00039007-00039328": "asymptotically approaching are always", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00114-00039329-00039687": "getting closer to R but never meeting it", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00115-00039688-00040069": "all other non intersecting lines have a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00116-00040070-00040348": "point of minimum distance and diverge", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00117-00040349-00040612": "from both sides of that point and are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00118-00040613-00040924": "called ultra parallel diverging parallel", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00119-00040925-00041218": "or sometimes non intersecting some", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00120-00041219-00041506": "geometers simply use parallel lines", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00121-00041507-00041818": "instead of limiting parallel lines with", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00122-00041819-00042097": "ultra parallel lines being just non", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00123-00042098-00042502": "intersecting these limiting parallels", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00124-00042503-00042874": "make an angle theta with PB this angle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00125-00042875-00043141": "depends only on the Gaussian curvature", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00126-00043142-00043465": "of the plane and the distance PB and is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00127-00043466-00043821": "called the angle of parallelism for", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00128-00043822-00044176": "ultra parallel lines the ultra parallel", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00129-00044177-00044422": "theorem states that there is a unique", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00130-00044423-00044698": "line in the hyperbolic plane that is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00131-00044699-00044971": "perpendicular to each pair of ultra", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00132-00044972-00045604": "parallel lines", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00133-00045605-00046215": "topic circles and disks", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00134-00046216-00046570": "in hyperbolic geometry the circumference", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00135-00046571-00047011": "of a circle of radius R as greater than", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00136-00047012-00047185": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00137-00047186-00047542": "hi", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00138-00047543-00047926": "display style 2pi r", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00139-00047927-00048118": "let", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00140-00048119-00048262": "are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00141-00048263-00048474": "equals", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00142-00048475-00048652": "one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00143-00048653-00048848": "-", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00144-00048849-00049034": "kay", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00145-00049035-00049839": "display style our equals frac 1sq RT k", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00146-00049840-00050002": "where", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00147-00050003-00050184": "kay", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00148-00050185-00050490": "display style kay", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00149-00050491-00050796": "is the Gaussian curvature of the plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00150-00050797-00051235": "in hyperbolic geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00151-00051236-00051420": "kay", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00152-00051421-00051720": "display style kay", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00153-00051721-00052032": "is negative so the square root as of a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00154-00052033-00052423": "positive number then the circumference", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00155-00052424-00052866": "of a circle of radius R is equal to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00156-00052867-00053041": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00157-00053042-00053387": "hi", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00158-00053388-00053594": "sin", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00159-00053595-00053766": "are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00160-00053766-00053941": "are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00161-00053942-00054674": "display style 2 pi R sin frac AR AR", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00162-00054675-00055280": "and the area of the enclosed disc is for", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00163-00055282-00055473": "hi", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00164-00055474-00055644": "are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00165-00055645-00056020": "to sin", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00166-00056021-00056203": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00167-00056204-00056377": "are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00168-00056378-00056555": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00169-00056557-00056738": "are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00170-00056739-00056948": "equals", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00171-00056949-00057127": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00172-00057128-00057314": "hi", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00173-00057315-00057485": "are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00174-00057486-00057666": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00175-00057667-00057859": "gosh", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00176-00057860-00058026": "are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00177-00058027-00058607": "our minus one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00178-00058608-00059029": "display style for pi our carrot to sin", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00179-00059030-00059544": "carrot to frac R to R equals to PI R", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00180-00059545-00059819": "carrot to left gosh", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00181-00059820-00060294": "frac r r minus 1 right", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00182-00060295-00060654": "therefore in hyperbolic geometry the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00183-00060654-00060932": "ratio of a circles circumference to its", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00184-00060933-00061359": "radius is always strictly greater than", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00185-00061360-00061587": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00186-00061588-00061730": "hi", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00187-00061732-00062071": "display style 2pi", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00188-00062072-00062362": "though it can be made arbitrarily close", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00189-00062363-00062795": "by selecting a small enough circle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00190-00062796-00063098": "if the Gaussian curvature of the plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00191-00063099-00063410": "as minus 1 then the geodesic curvature", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00192-00063411-00063798": "of a circle of radius R is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00193-00063799-00063979": "one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00194-00063979-00064355": "10h", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00195-00064357-00065247": "display style frac 110 HR", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00196-00065248-00065950": "topic Hyper cycles and horror cycles", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00197-00065951-00066325": "in hyperbolic geometry there is no line", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00198-00066326-00066660": "that remains equidistant from another", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00199-00066661-00066955": "instead the points that all have the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00200-00066956-00067228": "same orthogonal distance from a given", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00201-00067229-00067631": "line lie on a curve called a hyper cycle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00202-00067632-00067936": "another special curve as the Horace", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00203-00067937-00068223": "cycle a curve whose normal radii", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00204-00068224-00068493": "perpendicular lines are all limiting", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00205-00068494-00068746": "parallel to each other all converge", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00206-00068747-00069040": "asymptotically in one direction to the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00207-00069041-00069306": "same ideal point the center of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00208-00069307-00069651": "Horace cycle through every pair of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00209-00069652-00069991": "points there are two Horace cycles the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00210-00069992-00070231": "Centers of the Horace cycles are the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00211-00070232-00070468": "ideal points of the perpendicular", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00212-00070469-00070705": "bisector of the line segment between", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00213-00070706-00071146": "them given any three distinct points", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00214-00071147-00071434": "they all lie on either a line hyper", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00215-00071435-00071911": "cycle Horace cycle or circle the length", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00216-00071912-00072156": "of the line segment as the shortest", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00217-00072157-00072519": "length between two points the arc length", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00218-00072520-00072850": "of a hyper cycle connecting two points", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00219-00072851-00073105": "as longer than that of the line segment", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00220-00073106-00073356": "and shorter than that of a Horace cycle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00221-00073357-00073743": "connecting the same two points the arc", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00222-00073744-00074023": "length of both Horace cycles connecting", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00223-00074024-00074365": "two points are equal the arc length of a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00224-00074366-00074668": "circle between two points as larger the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00225-00074669-00074929": "arc length of a Horace cycle connecting", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00226-00074930-00075151": "two points", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00227-00075152-00075442": "if the Gaussian curvature of the plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00228-00075443-00075751": "as minus 1 then the geodesic curvature", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00229-00075752-00076051": "of a Horace cycle as one and of a hyper", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00230-00076052-00076845": "cycle as between zero and one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00231-00076846-00077390": "topic triangles", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00232-00077391-00077726": "unlike Euclidean triangles where the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00233-00077727-00078149": "angles always add up to PI radians 180", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00234-00078150-00078482": "degrees a straight angle in hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00235-00078483-00078758": "geometry the sum of the angles of a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00236-00078759-00079070": "hyperbolic triangle as always strictly", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00237-00079071-00079484": "less than pi radians 180 degrees a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00238-00079485-00079799": "straight angle the difference is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00239-00079800-00080120": "referred to as the defect", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00240-00080121-00080447": "the area of a hyperbolic triangle is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00241-00080448-00080693": "given by its defect in radians", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00242-00080694-00081091": "multiplied by r2 as a consequence all", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00243-00081092-00081410": "hyperbolic triangles have an area that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00244-00081411-00081878": "is less than or equal to r2 pi the area", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00245-00081879-00082187": "of a hyperbolic ideal triangle in which", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00246-00082188-00082511": "all three angles are zero degrees as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00247-00082512-00082805": "equal to this maximum", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00248-00082806-00083192": "as in Euclidian geometry each hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00249-00083193-00083564": "triangle has an encircle in hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00250-00083565-00083867": "geometry if all three of its vertices", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00251-00083868-00084188": "lie on a Horace cycle or hyper cycle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00252-00084189-00084488": "then the triangle has no circumscribed", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00253-00084489-00084667": "circle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00254-00084668-00084945": "as in spherical and elliptical geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00255-00084946-00085390": "in hyperbolic geometry if two triangles", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00256-00085391-00086167": "are similar they must be congruent", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00257-00086168-00086776": "topic regular a Paragon", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00258-00086777-00087121": "a special polygon in hyperbolic geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00259-00087122-00087490": "as the regular appear agon a uniform", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00260-00087491-00087858": "polygon with an infinite number of sides", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00261-00087859-00088267": "in Euclidean geometry the only way to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00262-00088268-00088585": "construct such a polygon as to make the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00263-00088586-00088909": "side lengths 10 to 0 and the appear agon", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00264-00088910-00089179": "as indistinguishable from a circle or", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00265-00089180-00089554": "make the interior angles 10 to 180", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00266-00089555-00089845": "degrees and the appear agon approaches a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00267-00089846-00090048": "straight line", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00268-00090049-00090481": "however in hyperbolic geometry a regular", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00269-00090482-00090844": "a Paragon has sides of any length ie it", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00270-00090845-00091278": "remains a polygon the side and angle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00271-00091279-00091567": "bisectors will depending on the side", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00272-00091568-00091810": "length and the angle between the sides", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00273-00091811-00092149": "be limiting or diverging parallel see", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00274-00092150-00092536": "lines above if the bisectors are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00275-00092537-00092830": "limiting parallel the appear agon can be", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00276-00092831-00093064": "inscribed and circumscribed by", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00277-00093065-00093390": "concentric Horace cycles", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00278-00093391-00093705": "if the bisectors are diverging parallel", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00279-00093706-00094020": "via Paragon sometimes called and pseudo", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00280-00094021-00094254": "GaN can be inscribed and circumscribed", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00281-00094255-00094626": "by hyper cycles all vertices are the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00282-00094627-00094968": "same distance of a line the axis also", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00283-00094969-00095217": "the midpoint of the sides segments are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00284-00095218-00095680": "all equidistant to the same axis", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00285-00095681-00096013": "topic tessellations like the Euclidean", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00286-00096014-00096323": "plane it is also possible to tessellate", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00287-00096324-00096575": "the hyperbolic plane with regular", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00288-00096576-00096986": "polygons as faces there are an infinite", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00289-00096987-00097300": "number of uniform tilings based on the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00290-00097301-00097736": "Schwartz triangles PQ R where one p + 1", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00291-00097737-00098466": "q + 1 are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00292-00098467-00099229": "topic standardized Gaussian curvature", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00293-00099230-00099583": "though hyperbolic geometry applies for", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00294-00099584-00099825": "any surface with a constant negative", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00295-00099826-00100198": "Gaussian curvature it is usual to assume", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00296-00100199-00100477": "a scale in which the curvature K as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00297-00100478-00100954": "minus 1 this results in some formulas", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00298-00100955-00101407": "becoming simpler some examples are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00299-00101408-00101740": "the area of a triangle as equal to its", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00300-00101741-00102217": "angle defect in radians the area of a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00301-00102218-00102486": "Horace cyclic sector as equal to the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00302-00102488-00102825": "length of its Horace cyclic arc", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00303-00102826-00103125": "an arc of a horror cycle so that a line", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00304-00103126-00103389": "that is tangent at one endpoint as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00305-00103390-00103661": "limiting parallel to the radius through", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00306-00103663-00104047": "the other endpoint has a length of one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00307-00104048-00104388": "the ratio of the arc lengths between two", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00308-00104389-00104691": "radii of two concentric hora cycles", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00309-00104692-00104985": "where the hora cycles are a distance one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00310-00104986-00105685": "apart is e1", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00311-00105686-00106444": "topic Cartesian light coordinate systems", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00312-00106445-00106791": "in hyperbolic geometry the sum of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00313-00106792-00107100": "angles of a quadrilateral as always less", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00314-00107101-00107465": "than 360 degrees and hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00315-00107466-00107774": "rectangles differ greatly from Euclidean", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00316-00107775-00107995": "rectangles since there are no", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00317-00107996-00108333": "equidistant lines so a proper Euclidean", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00318-00108334-00108615": "rectangle would need to be enclosed by", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00319-00108616-00109029": "two lines and two hyper cycles these all", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00320-00109030-00109408": "complicate coordinate systems", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00321-00109408-00109686": "there are however different coordinate", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00322-00109688-00109980": "systems for hyperbolic plane geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00323-00109981-00110329": "all are based around choosing a point", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00324-00110330-00110689": "the origin on a chosen directed line the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00325-00110690-00111126": "x-axis and after that many choices exist", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00326-00111127-00111526": "the Lobachevsky coordinates x and y are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00327-00111527-00111847": "found by dropping a perpendicular onto", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00328-00111848-00112156": "the x axis X will be the label of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00329-00112157-00112429": "foot of the perpendicular y will be the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00330-00112430-00112702": "distance along the perpendicular of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00331-00112703-00112975": "given point from its foot positive on", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00332-00112976-00113316": "one side and negative on the other", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00333-00113317-00113661": "another coordinate system measures the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00334-00113663-00113883": "distance from the point to the Horace", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00335-00113884-00114279": "cycle through the origin centered around", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00336-00114280-00114476": "zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00337-00114477-00114686": "Plus", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00338-00114688-00114882": "infinity", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00339-00114883-00115358": "display style 0 plus 1/8 tee", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00340-00115359-00115640": "and the length along this Horace cycle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00341-00115641-00115947": "other coordinate systems use the Klein", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00342-00115948-00116168": "model or the poincaré disk model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00343-00116169-00116490": "described below and take the Euclidean", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00344-00116491-00117208": "coordinates as hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00345-00117208-00117744": "topic distance", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00346-00117745-00118072": "construct a Cartesian like coordinate", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00347-00118073-00118249": "system as follows", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00348-00118250-00118576": "choose a line the x-axis in the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00349-00118577-00118846": "hyperbolic plane with a standardized", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00350-00118847-00119149": "curvature of minus 1 and label the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00351-00119150-00119398": "points on it by their distance from an", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00352-00119399-00119793": "origin x equals zero point on the x axis", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00353-00119794-00120133": "positive on one side and negative on the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00354-00120133-00120547": "other for any point in the plane one can", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00355-00120548-00120907": "define coordinates x and y by dropping a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00356-00120908-00121252": "perpendicular onto the x axis X will be", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00357-00121253-00121420": "the label of the foot of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00358-00121421-00121693": "perpendicular Y will be the distance", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00359-00121694-00121942": "along the perpendicular of the given", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00360-00121943-00122257": "point from its foot positive on one side", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00361-00122258-00122586": "and negative on the other then the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00362-00122588-00122991": "distance between two such points will be", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00363-00122992-00123170": "dist", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00364-00123171-00123540": "X", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00365-00123541-00123733": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00366-00123734-00123928": "one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00367-00123929-00124091": "X", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00368-00124092-00124276": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00369-00124277-00124460": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00370-00124461-00124644": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00371-00124645-00124846": "equals", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00372-00124847-00125064": "our Kosh", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00373-00125065-00125246": "gosh", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00374-00125247-00125432": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00375-00125433-00125609": "one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00376-00125610-00125820": "posh", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00377-00125821-00125979": "X", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00378-00125980-00126159": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00379-00126160-00126385": "-", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00380-00126386-00126540": "X", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00381-00126541-00126724": "one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00382-00126725-00126910": "gosh", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00383-00126911-00127106": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00384-00127107-00127676": "- - sin", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00385-00127677-00127859": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00386-00127860-00128248": "one sin", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00387-00128249-00128425": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00388-00128426-00128607": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00389-00128608-00128913": "display style opera tour name dist", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00390-00128914-00129351": "Langille X underscore 1y underscore one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00391-00129352-00129699": "wrangle Langille X underscore two y", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00392-00129700-00130074": "underscore to wrangle equals opera tour", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00393-00130075-00130409": "named our cosh left cosh Y underscore", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00394-00130410-00130859": "one cosh X underscore 2 X underscore one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00395-00130860-00131271": "cosh Y underscore two sin Y underscore", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00396-00131272-00131697": "one sin Y underscore two right", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00397-00131698-00131991": "this formula can be derived from the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00398-00131992-00132422": "formulas about hyperbolic triangles the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00399-00132423-00132783": "corresponding metric tensor as ds2", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00400-00132784-00133410": "equals cosh 2 y DX 2 plus dy 2 display", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00401-00133411-00133467": "style", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00402-00133468-00133926": "mathroom D s carrot 2 equals cosh carrot", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00403-00133927-00134499": "- why mathroom D X Charat 2 plus madam D", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00404-00134500-00134936": "Y carrot 2 in this coordinate system", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00405-00134937-00135249": "straight lines are either perpendicular", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00406-00135250-00135624": "to the x axis with equation x equals a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00407-00135625-00135939": "constant or described by equations of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00408-00135940-00136404": "the form 10h y equals a cost X plus B", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00409-00136405-00136893": "sin x when a - 1 plus B 2 display style", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00410-00136894-00137460": "10h y equals a cos x plus b sin x quad", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00411-00137461-00137889": "text when quad a carrot 2 where a and B", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00412-00137890-00138117": "are real parameters which characterize", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00413-00138118-00138839": "the straight line", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00414-00138840-00139142": "topic history", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00415-00139143-00139379": "you", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00416-00139380-00139646": "since the publication of Euclid's", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00417-00139647-00140099": "elements circa 300 BCE many geometers", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00418-00140100-00140358": "made attempts to prove the parallel", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00419-00140359-00140733": "postulate some tried to prove it by", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00420-00140734-00141002": "assuming its negation and trying to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00421-00141003-00141383": "derive a contradiction foremost among", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00422-00141384-00141658": "these were pro kleh s-- eben al-haytham", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00423-00141659-00142083": "al-hassan omar khayyam nasir al-din al", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00424-00142084-00142166": "tusi", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00425-00142167-00142565": "white hello JSON ADIZ Alfonso and later", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00426-00142566-00142946": "Giovanni Girolamo Sakaki John Wallace", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00427-00142947-00143335": "johann heinrich lambert and legand ray", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00428-00143336-00143678": "their attempts were doomed to failure as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00429-00143679-00143987": "we now know the parallel postulate is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00430-00143988-00144254": "not provable from the other postulates", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00431-00144255-00144476": "but their efforts led to the discovery", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00432-00144477-00144965": "of hyperbolic geometry the theorems of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00433-00144966-00145279": "al-hassan Khayyam and al tusi on", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00434-00145280-00145532": "quadrilaterals including the eben", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00435-00145533-00145811": "al-haytham lambert quadrilateral and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00436-00145812-00146111": "Khayyam Sakaki quadrilateral were the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00437-00146112-00146458": "first theorems on hyperbolic geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00438-00146459-00146868": "their works on hyperbolic geometry had a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00439-00146869-00147107": "considerable influence on its", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00440-00147108-00147369": "development among later European", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00441-00147370-00147695": "geometers including white hello JSON", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00442-00147696-00148095": "ADIZ Alfonso John Wallace and Sakaki in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00443-00148096-00148435": "the 18th century Johann Heinrich Lambert", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00444-00148436-00148757": "introduced the hyperbolic functions and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00445-00148758-00149002": "computed the area of a hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00446-00149003-00149606": "triangle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00447-00149607-00150318": "topic nineteenth century developments", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00448-00150319-00150684": "in the 19th century hyperbolic geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00449-00150685-00151082": "was explored extensively by Janos Bolyai", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00450-00151083-00151443": "Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky Carl", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00451-00151444-00151781": "Friedrich Gauss and Franz taurine as'", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00452-00151782-00152073": "unlike their predecessors who just", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00453-00152074-00152304": "wanted to eliminate the parallel", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00454-00152305-00152538": "postulate from the axioms of Euclidean", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00455-00152539-00152934": "geometry these authors realized they had", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00456-00152935-00153390": "discovered a new geometry gauss wrote in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00457-00153391-00153807": "an 1824 letter to franz tor enos that he", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00458-00153808-00154059": "had constructed it but gauss did not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00459-00154060-00154488": "publish his work gauss called it non", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00460-00154489-00154869": "Euclidean geometry causing several", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00461-00154870-00155163": "modern authors to continue to consider", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00462-00155164-00155721": "non Euclidean geometry and hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00463-00155722-00156135": "geometry to be synonyms Terenas", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00464-00156136-00156395": "published results on hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00465-00156396-00156771": "trigonometry in 1826 argued that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00466-00156772-00157050": "hyperbolic geometry is self-consistent", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00467-00157051-00157362": "but still believed in the special role", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00468-00157363-00157740": "of Euclidean geometry the complete", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00469-00157741-00158046": "system of hyperbolic geometry was", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00470-00158047-00158529": "published by Lobachevsky in 1829 1830", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00471-00158530-00158738": "while Bally I discovered it", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00472-00158739-00159293": "independently and published in 1832 in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00473-00159294-00159726": "1868 au haenyeo Beltrami provided models", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00474-00159727-00160068": "see below of hyperbolic geometry and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00475-00160069-00160314": "used this to prove that hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00476-00160315-00160641": "geometry was consistent if and only if", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00477-00160642-00161135": "Euclidean geometry was the term", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00478-00161136-00161541": "hyperbolic geometry was introduced by", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00479-00161542-00162045": "felix klein in 1871 klein followed an", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00480-00162046-00162243": "initiative of arthur cayley", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00481-00162244-00162537": "to use the transformations of projective", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00482-00162538-00162996": "geometry to produce azama trees the idea", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00483-00162997-00163302": "used a conic section or quadric to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00484-00163303-00163644": "define a region and used cross ratio to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00485-00163645-00163689": "define", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00486-00163690-00164076": "metric the projective transformations", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00487-00164077-00164376": "that leave the conic section or quadric", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00488-00164377-00164730": "stable are the azama trees klein showed", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00489-00164731-00165015": "that if the Cayley absolute as a real", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00490-00165016-00165294": "curve then the part of the projective", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00491-00165295-00165651": "plane in its interior as isometric to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00492-00165652-00166046": "the hyperbolic plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00493-00166047-00166367": "for more history see article on non", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00494-00166368-00166673": "Euclidean geometry and the references", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00495-00166674-00167344": "coxeter and Milner", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00496-00167345-00168041": "topic philosophical consequences", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00497-00168042-00168413": "the discovery of hyperbolic geometry had", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00498-00168414-00168697": "important philosophical consequences", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00499-00168698-00169061": "before its discovery many philosophers", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00500-00169062-00169393": "for example Hobbes and Spinoza viewed", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00501-00169394-00169714": "philosophical rigor in terms of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00502-00169715-00170039": "geometrical method referring to the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00503-00170040-00170291": "method of reasoning used in Euclid's", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00504-00170292-00170717": "elements Kant in the critique of pure", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00505-00170718-00171020": "reason came to the conclusion that space", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00506-00171021-00171359": "in Euclidean geometry and time are not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00507-00171360-00171626": "discovered by humans as objective", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00508-00171627-00171881": "features of the world but are part of an", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00509-00171882-00172175": "unavoidable systematic framework for", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00510-00172176-00172487": "organizing our experiences it is said", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00511-00172488-00172715": "that Gauss did not publish anything", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00512-00172716-00173051": "about hyperbolic geometry out of fear of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00513-00173052-00173453": "the uproar of the Boeotians which would", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00514-00173454-00173768": "ruin his status as princeps mathematic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00515-00173769-00174280": "orem latin the prints of mathematicians", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00516-00174281-00174742": "the uproar of the Boeotians came and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00517-00174743-00174988": "went and gave an impetus to great", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00518-00174989-00175260": "improvements in mathematical rigor", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00519-00175261-00175632": "analytical philosophy and logic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00520-00175633-00175969": "hyperbolic geometry was finally proved", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00521-00175970-00176215": "consistent and as therefore another", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00522-00176216-00176886": "valid geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00523-00176887-00177321": "topic geometry of the universe spatial", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00524-00177322-00177811": "dimensions only", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00525-00177812-00178116": "because Euclidean hyperbolic and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00526-00178117-00178444": "elliptic geometry are all consistent the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00527-00178445-00178696": "question arises which is the real", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00528-00178697-00178951": "geometry of space and if it is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00529-00178952-00179218": "hyperbolic or elliptic what does its", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00530-00179219-00179444": "curvature", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00531-00179445-00179738": "Lobachevsky had already tried to measure", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00532-00179739-00179981": "the curvature of the universe by", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00533-00179982-00180257": "measuring the parallax of Sirius and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00534-00180258-00180560": "treating serious as the ideal point of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00535-00180561-00180974": "an angle of parallelism he realized that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00536-00180975-00181220": "his measurements were not precise enough", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00537-00181221-00181499": "to give a definite answer but he did", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00538-00181500-00181712": "reach the conclusion that if the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00539-00181713-00181985": "geometry of the universe is hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00540-00181986-00182318": "then the absolute length as at least 1", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00541-00182319-00182573": "million times the diameter of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00542-00182574-00182855": "Earth's orbit 2 million astronomical", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00543-00182856-00183320": "units 10 parsec some argue that his", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00544-00183321-00183503": "measurements were methodologically", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00545-00183504-00183869": "flawed on rhe Poincare a with his sphere", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00546-00183870-00184136": "world thought experiment came to the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00547-00184137-00184448": "conclusion that everyday experience does", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00548-00184449-00184669": "not necessarily rule out other", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00549-00184670-00185104": "geometries the geometrization conjecture", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00550-00185105-00185375": "gives a complete list of eight", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00551-00185376-00185615": "possibilities for the fundamental", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00552-00185616-00186017": "geometry of our space the problem in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00553-00186018-00186308": "determining which one applies as that to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00554-00186309-00186593": "reach a definitive answer we need to be", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00555-00186594-00186866": "able to look at extremely large shapes", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00556-00186867-00187169": "much larger than anything on earth or", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00557-00187170-00187923": "perhaps even in our galaxy", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00558-00187924-00188349": "topic geometry of the universe special", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00559-00188350-00188562": "relativity", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00560-00188563-00188801": "you", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00561-00188802-00189166": "special relativity places space and time", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00562-00189167-00189473": "on equal footing so that one considers", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00563-00189474-00189766": "the geometry of a unified space-time", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00564-00189767-00190058": "instead of considering space and time", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00565-00190059-00190520": "separately Minkowski geometry replaces", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00566-00190521-00190829": "Galilean geometry which has the three", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00567-00190830-00191153": "dimensional Euclidean space with time of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00568-00191154-00191501": "Galilean relativity in relativity rather", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00569-00191502-00191810": "than considering Euclidean elliptic and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00570-00191811-00192137": "hyperbolic geometries the appropriate", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00571-00192138-00192440": "geometries to consider our Minkowski", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00572-00192441-00192725": "space de sitter space and anti-de sitter", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00573-00192726-00193129": "space corresponding to zero positive and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00574-00193130-00193469": "negative curvature respectively", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00575-00193470-00193825": "the space of relativistic velocities has", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00576-00193826-00194115": "a three-dimensional hyperbolic geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00577-00194116-00194374": "where the distance function is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00578-00194375-00194633": "determined from the relative velocities", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00579-00194634-00195481": "of nearby points velocities", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00580-00195482-00195817": "topic physical realizations of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00581-00195818-00196338": "hyperbolic plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00582-00196339-00196656": "the hyperbolic plane as a plane where", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00583-00196657-00197016": "every point as a saddle point there", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00584-00197017-00197277": "exist various pseudo spheres in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00585-00197278-00197571": "Euclidean space that have a finite area", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00586-00197572-00198047": "of constant negative Gaussian curvature", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00587-00198048-00198371": "by Hilbert's theorem it is not possible", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00588-00198372-00198638": "to isometrically immerse a complete", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00589-00198639-00198935": "hyperbolic plane a complete regular", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00590-00198936-00199235": "surface of constant negative Gaussian", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00591-00199236-00199468": "curvature in a three dimensional", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00592-00199469-00199961": "Euclidean space other useful models of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00593-00199962-00200312": "hyperbolic geometry exist in Euclidean", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00594-00200313-00200549": "space in which the metric is not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00595-00200550-00200903": "preserved a particularly well-known", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00596-00200904-00201218": "paper model based on the pseudo sphere", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00597-00201219-00201540": "as due to william Thurston", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00598-00201541-00201873": "the art of crochet has been used see", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00599-00201874-00202144": "mathematics and fiber arts section", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00600-00202145-00202416": "knitting and crochet to demonstrate", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00601-00202417-00202701": "hyperbolic planes with the first being", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00602-00202702-00203073": "made by Dana tamina in 2000 Keith", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00603-00203074-00203358": "Henderson demonstrated a quick to make", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00604-00203359-00203721": "paper model dubbed the hyperbolic soccer", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00605-00203722-00204111": "ball more precisely a truncated order", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00606-00204112-00204447": "seven triangular tiling instructions on", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00607-00204448-00204741": "how to make a hyperbolic quilt designed", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00608-00204742-00205008": "by Helaman Ferguson have been made", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00609-00205009-00205746": "available by Jeff weeks", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00610-00205748-00206487": "topic models of the hyperbolic plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00611-00206488-00206744": "there are different pseudo spherical", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00612-00206746-00207033": "surfaces that have for a large area a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00613-00207034-00207369": "constant negative Gaussian curvature the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00614-00207369-00207630": "pseudo sphere being the best well-known", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00615-00207631-00207821": "of them", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00616-00207821-00208079": "but it is easier to do hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00617-00208080-00208529": "geometry on other models there are four", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00618-00208530-00208834": "models commonly used for hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00619-00208835-00209158": "geometry the Klein model the Poincare a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00620-00209159-00209461": "disk model the poincaré half-plane model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00621-00209462-00209808": "and the Lorentz or hyperboloid model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00622-00209809-00210194": "these models define a hyperbolic plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00623-00210194-00210469": "which satisfies the axioms of a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00624-00210471-00210910": "hyperbolic geometry despite their names", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00625-00210911-00211192": "the first three mentioned above were", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00626-00211194-00211507": "introduced as models of hyperbolic space", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00627-00211508-00211884": "by Beltrami not by Poincare a or Klein", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00628-00211885-00212267": "all these models are extendable to more", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00629-00212267-00212829": "dimensions", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00630-00212830-00213471": "topic the Beltrami klein model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00631-00213473-00213823": "the Beltrami Klein model also known as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00632-00213823-00214098": "the projective disk model Klein disc", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00633-00214100-00214438": "model and Klein model is named after au", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00634-00214439-00214903": "haenyeo Beltrami and felix klein for the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00635-00214904-00215188": "two dimensions this model uses the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00636-00215189-00215446": "interior of the unit circle for the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00637-00215446-00215742": "complete hyperbolic plane and the chords", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00638-00215744-00216107": "of this circle are the hyperbolic lines", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00639-00216108-00216481": "for higher dimensions this model uses", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00640-00216482-00216744": "the interior of the unit ball and the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00641-00216746-00217008": "chords of this n ball are the hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00642-00217009-00217453": "lines this model has the advantage that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00643-00217454-00217762": "lines are straight but the disadvantage", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00644-00217763-00218034": "that angles are distorted the mapping is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00645-00218035-00218352": "not conformal and also circles are not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00646-00218353-00218788": "represented as circles the distance in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00647-00218789-00219064": "this model as half the logarithm of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00648-00219065-00219357": "cross ratio which was introduced by", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00649-00219358-00220177": "Arthur Cayley in projective geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00650-00220178-00220830": "topic the poincaré disk model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00651-00220831-00221190": "the Poincare a disk model also known as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00652-00221191-00221492": "the conformal disk model also employs", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00653-00221494-00221760": "the interior of the unit circle but", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00654-00221761-00222087": "lines are represented by arcs of circles", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00655-00222088-00222315": "that are orthogonal to the boundary", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00656-00222316-00222609": "circle plus diameters of the boundary", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00657-00222610-00223050": "circle this model preserves angles and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00658-00223051-00223401": "is thereby conformal all azama trees", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00659-00223402-00223706": "within this model are therefore Mobius", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00660-00223707-00224160": "transformations circles entirely within", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00661-00224161-00224433": "the disk remain circles although the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00662-00224434-00224723": "euclidean center of the circle as closer", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00663-00224725-00224964": "to the center of the disk than as the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00664-00224965-00225296": "hyperbolic center of the circle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00665-00225298-00225594": "horace cycles our circles within the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00666-00225594-00225837": "disk which are tangent to the boundary", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00667-00225838-00226231": "circle - the point of contact", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00668-00226232-00226573": "Hyper cycles are open-ended cords and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00669-00226573-00226825": "circular arcs within the disc that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00670-00226826-00227098": "terminate on the boundary circle at non", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00671-00227098-00227775": "orthogonal angles", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00672-00227776-00228490": "topic the poincaré half-plane model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00673-00228491-00228849": "the poincaré half-plane model takes one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00674-00228850-00229152": "half of the Euclidean plane bounded by a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00675-00229153-00229471": "line b of the plane to be a model of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00676-00229471-00229854": "hyperbolic plane the line b is not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00677-00229855-00230133": "included in the model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00678-00230134-00230457": "the Euclidean plane may be taken to be a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00679-00230458-00230708": "plane with the Cartesian coordinate", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00680-00230709-00231105": "system and the x-axis as taken as line B", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00681-00231106-00231405": "and the half plane as the upper half y", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00682-00231406-00231781": "greater than zero of this plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00683-00231782-00232088": "hyperbolic lines are then either half", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00684-00232089-00232378": "circles orthogonal to be a raised", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00685-00232379-00232651": "perpendicular to be", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00686-00232652-00232923": "the length of an interval honoré as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00687-00232925-00233212": "given by logarithmic measures so it is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00688-00233213-00233448": "invariant under a homothetic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00689-00233448-00233648": "transformation", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00690-00233648-00233880": "X", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00691-00233881-00234044": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00692-00234044-00234208": "X", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00693-00234209-00234407": "lambda", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00694-00234408-00234589": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00695-00234590-00234788": "lambda", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00696-00234789-00235019": "greater than", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00697-00235021-00235667": "zero display style x/y maps dou X lambda", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00698-00235669-00236123": "Y quad lambda greater than zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00699-00236123-00236402": "like the Poincare a disk model this", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00700-00236403-00236678": "model preserves angles and as thus", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00701-00236679-00237065": "conformal all azama trees within this", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00702-00237066-00237301": "model are therefore Mobius", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00703-00237302-00237625": "transformations of the plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00704-00237626-00237909": "the half-plane model as the limit of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00705-00237910-00238216": "Poincare a disk model whose boundary as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00706-00238217-00238498": "tangent to be at the same point while", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00707-00238498-00238773": "the radius of the disc model goes to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00708-00238775-00239359": "infinity", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00709-00239360-00239977": "topic the hyperboloid model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00710-00239978-00240313": "the hyperboloid model or Lorenz model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00711-00240314-00240652": "employs a two-dimensional hyperboloid of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00712-00240653-00240969": "revolution of two sheets but using one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00713-00240971-00241296": "embedded in three dimensional Minkowski", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00714-00241298-00241663": "space this model is generally credited", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00715-00241664-00241969": "to Poincare a but Reynolds says that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00716-00241969-00242504": "Wilhelm killing used this model in 1885", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00717-00242505-00242840": "this model has direct application to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00718-00242841-00243185": "special relativity as Minkowski 3-space", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00719-00243186-00243485": "as a model for space-time suppressing", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00720-00243486-00243875": "one spatial dimension one can take the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00721-00243876-00244175": "hyperboloid to represent the events that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00722-00244176-00244464": "various moving observers radiating", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00723-00244465-00244760": "outward in a spatial plane from a single", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00724-00244761-00245128": "point will reach in a fixed proper time", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00725-00245129-00245480": "the hyperbolic distance between two", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00726-00245481-00245750": "points on the hyperboloid can then be", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00727-00245751-00246002": "identified with the relative rapidity", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00728-00246003-00246446": "between the two corresponding observers", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00729-00246446-00246748": "the model generalizes directly to an", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00730-00246750-00246979": "additional dimension where", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00731-00246980-00247213": "three-dimensional hyperbolic geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00732-00247214-00248040": "relates to Minkowski force space", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00733-00248041-00248632": "topic the hemisphere model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00734-00248633-00248956": "the hemisphere model is not often used", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00735-00248957-00249277": "as model by itself but it functions as a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00736-00249278-00249541": "useful tool for visualizing", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00737-00249542-00250016": "transformations between the other models", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00738-00250017-00250321": "the hemisphere model uses the upper half", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00739-00250323-00250561": "of the unit sphere", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00740-00250562-00250744": "X", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00741-00250746-00250919": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00742-00250921-00251117": "Plus", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00743-00251117-00251304": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00744-00251305-00251482": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00745-00251483-00251675": "Plus", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00746-00251676-00251867": "z", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00747-00251869-00252042": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00748-00252044-00252441": "equals one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00749-00252442-00252630": "z", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00750-00252631-00252855": "greater than", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00751-00252856-00253060": "zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00752-00253061-00253594": "display style X Charat 2 + y carrot 2 +", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00753-00253596-00254171": "z carrot 2 equals 1 z greater than 0", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00754-00254173-00254415": "the hemisphere model as part of a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00755-00254416-00254688": "Riemann sphere and different projections", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00756-00254689-00254952": "give different models of the hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00757-00254953-00255506": "plane stereographic projection from", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00758-00255507-00255710": "zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00759-00255711-00255916": "zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00760-00255917-00256309": "-", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00761-00256310-00256821": "display style zero zero minus one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00762-00256823-00257065": "onto the plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00763-00257066-00257246": "z", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00764-00257246-00258110": "equals zero display style Z equals zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00765-00258111-00258411": "projects corresponding points on the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00766-00258412-00258846": "Poincare a disk model stereographic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00767-00258846-00259064": "projection from", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00768-00259065-00259261": "zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00769-00259262-00259848": "zero -", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00770-00259850-00260364": "display style zero zero minus one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00771-00260365-00260629": "onto the surface", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00772-00260630-00260789": "X", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00773-00260790-00260982": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00774-00260983-00261166": "Plus", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00775-00261167-00261362": "why", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00776-00261363-00261535": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00777-00261536-00261737": "-", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00778-00261738-00261923": "z", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00779-00261925-00262102": "to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00780-00262103-00262702": "equals minus one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00781-00262703-00262893": "z", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00782-00262894-00263328": "greater than zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00783-00263329-00263841": "display style X Charat 2 + y carrot - Z", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00784-00263842-00264444": "carrot 2 equals -1 Z greater than 0", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00785-00264445-00264742": "projects corresponding points on the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00786-00264743-00265144": "hyperboloid model stereographic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00787-00265145-00265381": "projection from", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00788-00265382-00265748": "-", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00789-00265749-00266062": "zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00790-00266063-00266269": "zero", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00791-00266270-00266794": "display style - 1 0-0", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00792-00266795-00267046": "onto the plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00793-00267047-00267204": "X", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00794-00267205-00267595": "equals", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00795-00267596-00268021": "display style x equals one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00796-00268022-00268319": "projects corresponding points on the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00797-00268320-00268636": "poincaré half-plane model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00798-00268637-00269073": "orthographic projection onto a plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00799-00269074-00269259": "z", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00800-00269260-00270083": "equals C display Styles Z equals C", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00801-00270084-00270381": "projects corresponding points on the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00802-00270382-00270716": "Beltrami Klein model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00803-00270717-00271004": "central projection from the center of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00804-00271005-00271287": "the sphere onto the plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00805-00271288-00271519": "z", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00806-00271520-00271860": "equals", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00807-00271861-00272295": "display styles Z equals one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00808-00272296-00272596": "projects corresponding points on the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00809-00272597-00272866": "ganz model see further connection", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00810-00272867-00273481": "between the models below", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00811-00273482-00274041": "topic the Gans model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00812-00274042-00274515": "in 1966 david ganz proposed a flattened", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00813-00274516-00274764": "hyperboloid model in the journal", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00814-00274765-00275169": "american mathematical monthly it is an", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00815-00275170-00275384": "orthographic projection of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00816-00275385-00275882": "hyperboloid model onto the XY plane this", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00817-00275883-00276171": "model is not as widely used as other", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00818-00276172-00276462": "models but nevertheless is quite useful", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00819-00276463-00276710": "in the understanding of hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00820-00276711-00276930": "geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00821-00276931-00277194": "unlike the Klein are the Poincare a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00822-00277195-00277542": "models this model utilizes the entire", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00823-00277543-00278004": "Euclidean plane the lines in this model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00824-00278005-00278241": "are represented as branches of a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00825-00278242-00278514": "hyperbola", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00826-00278515-00278817": "topic the band model the band model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00827-00278818-00279126": "employs a portion of the Euclidean plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00828-00279127-00279567": "between two parallel lines distance as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00829-00279568-00279819": "preserved along one line through the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00830-00279820-00280189": "middle of the band assuming the band as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00831-00280190-00280641": "given by Z element of C I'm z pi to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00832-00280642-00281082": "display style Z in math b/c opera tour", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00833-00281083-00281130": "name", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00834-00281131-00281577": "I'm Z the metric is given by DZ sec I'm", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00835-00281578-00282027": "Z display style DZ sec opera tour name", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00836-00282028-00282644": "i'm z", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00837-00282645-00283310": "topic connection between the models", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00838-00283311-00283640": "all models essentially describe the same", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00839-00283641-00283967": "structure the difference between them is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00840-00283968-00284237": "that they represent different coordinate", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00841-00284238-00284510": "charts laid down on the same metric", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00842-00284511-00284977": "space namely the hyperbolic plane the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00843-00284978-00285242": "characteristic feature of the hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00844-00285243-00285569": "plane itself is that it has a constant", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00845-00285570-00285851": "negative Gaussian curvature which is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00846-00285852-00286159": "indifferent to the coordinate chart used", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00847-00286160-00286547": "the geodesics are similarly invariant", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00848-00286548-00286934": "that is geodesics map to geodesics under", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00849-00286935-00287366": "coordinate transformation hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00850-00287367-00287663": "geometry generally as introduced in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00851-00287664-00287894": "terms of the geodesics and their", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00852-00287895-00288164": "intersections on the hyperbolic plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00853-00288165-00288479": "once we choose a coordinate chart one of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00854-00288480-00288881": "the models we can always embed it in a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00855-00288882-00289190": "Euclidean space of same dimension but", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00856-00289191-00289490": "the embedding is clearly not isometric", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00857-00289491-00289772": "since the curvature of Euclidean space", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00858-00289773-00290188": "as zero the hyperbolic space can be", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00859-00290189-00290440": "represented by infinitely many different", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00860-00290441-00290768": "charts but the embeddings in Euclidean", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00861-00290769-00291077": "space due to these four specific charts", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00862-00291078-00291442": "show some interesting characteristics", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00863-00291443-00291788": "since the four models describe the same", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00864-00291789-00292100": "metric space each can be transformed", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00865-00292101-00292628": "into the other see for example", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00866-00292629-00292940": "the Beltrami Klein models relation to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00867-00292941-00293225": "the hyperboloid model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00868-00293226-00293540": "the Beltrami Klein models relation to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00869-00293541-00293829": "the Poincare a disk model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00870-00293830-00294156": "and the Pointer a disc models relation", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00871-00294157-00294869": "to the hyperboloid model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00872-00294870-00295217": "topic azama trees of the hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00873-00295218-00295648": "plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00874-00295649-00295990": "every azama tree transformation or", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00875-00295991-00296302": "motion of the hyperbolic plane to itself", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00876-00296303-00296602": "can be realized as the composition of at", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00877-00296603-00297030": "most three reflections in n-dimensional", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00878-00297031-00297352": "hyperbolic space up to n plus one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00879-00297353-00297655": "reflections might be required these are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00880-00297656-00297964": "also true for Euclidean and spherical", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00881-00297965-00298288": "geometries but the classification below", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00882-00298289-00298465": "is different", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00883-00298466-00298768": "all the azama trees of the hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00884-00298769-00299017": "plane can be classified into these", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00885-00299018-00299217": "classes", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00886-00299218-00299668": "orientation preserving the identity is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00887-00299669-00300097": "zama tree nothing moves zero reflections", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00888-00300098-00300424": "zero degrees of freedom", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00889-00300425-00300829": "in version through a point half turn to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00890-00300830-00301045": "reflections through mutually", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00891-00301046-00301324": "perpendicular lines passing through the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00892-00301325-00301753": "given point ie a rotation of 180 degrees", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00893-00301754-00302163": "around the point two degrees of freedom", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00894-00302164-00302518": "rotation around a normal point two", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00895-00302519-00302743": "reflections through lines passing", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00896-00302744-00302983": "through the given point includes", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00897-00302984-00303304": "inversion as a special case points move", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00898-00303305-00303565": "on circles around the center three", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00899-00303566-00304069": "degrees of freedom rotation around an", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00900-00304070-00304477": "ideal point correlation to reflections", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00901-00304478-00304762": "through lines leading to the ideal point", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00902-00304763-00305074": "points move along hora cycles centered", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00903-00305075-00305299": "on the ideal point two degrees of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00904-00305300-00305526": "freedom", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00905-00305527-00305884": "translation along a straight line to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00906-00305885-00306172": "reflections through lines perpendicular", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00907-00306173-00306448": "to the given line points off the given", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00908-00306449-00306739": "line move along hyper cycles three", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00909-00306740-00307338": "degrees of freedom orientation reversing", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00910-00307339-00307693": "reflection through a line one reflection", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00911-00307694-00308007": "two degrees of freedom", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00912-00308008-00308304": "combined reflection through a line and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00913-00308305-00308641": "translation along the same line the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00914-00308642-00308946": "reflection and translation commute three", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00915-00308947-00309231": "reflections required three degrees of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00916-00309232-00309825": "freedom", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00917-00309826-00310548": "topic hyperbolic geometry in art", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00918-00310549-00310921": "MC Escher's famous Prince circle limit", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00919-00310922-00311282": "three and circle limit IV", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00920-00311283-00311550": "illustrate the conformal disk model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00921-00311551-00311964": "Poincare a disk model quite well the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00922-00311965-00312230": "white lines in three are not quite", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00923-00312231-00312561": "geodesics they are hyper cycles but are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00924-00312562-00312972": "close to them it is also possible to see", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00925-00312973-00313230": "quite plainly the negative curvature of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00926-00313231-00313515": "the hyperbolic plane through its effect", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00927-00313516-00313800": "on the sum of angles in triangles and", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00928-00313801-00314301": "squares for example in circle limit 3", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00929-00314302-00314640": "every vertex belongs to three triangles", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00930-00314641-00315030": "and three squares in the Euclidean plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00931-00315031-00315477": "their angles would sum to 450 degrees ie", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00932-00315478-00315930": "a circle and a quarter from this we see", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00933-00315931-00316218": "that the sum of angles of a triangle in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00934-00316219-00316479": "the hyperbolic plane must be smaller", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00935-00316480-00316926": "than 180 degrees another visible", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00936-00316927-00317322": "property as exponential growth in circle", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00937-00317323-00317634": "limit three for example one can see that", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00938-00317635-00317898": "the number of fishes within a distance", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00939-00317899-00318251": "of n from the center Rises exponentially", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00940-00318252-00318687": "the fishes have equal hyperbolic area so", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00941-00318688-00318981": "the area of a ball of radius and must", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00942-00318982-00319404": "rise exponentially in n the art of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00943-00319405-00319691": "crochet has been used to demonstrate", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00944-00319692-00320007": "hyperbolic planes pictured above with", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00945-00320008-00320286": "the first being made by Dana tamina", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00946-00320287-00320565": "whose book crocheting adventures with", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00947-00320566-00320940": "hyperbolic planes won the 2009 book", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00948-00320941-00321291": "seller diagram prize for oddest title of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00949-00321292-00321621": "the year hyper Oguz a roguelike game set", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00950-00321622-00321879": "on various tilings of the hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00951-00321880-00322489": "plane", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00952-00322490-00323151": "topic higher dimensions", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00953-00323152-00323464": "hyperbolic geometry is not limited to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00954-00323465-00323778": "two dimensions a hyperbolic geometry", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00955-00323779-00324057": "exists for every higher number of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00956-00324058-00324686": "dimensions", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00957-00324687-00325363": "topic homogeneous structure", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00958-00325364-00325691": "hyperbolic space of dimension n as a", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00959-00325692-00326003": "special case of a Romanian symmetric", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00960-00326004-00326276": "space of non compact type as it is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00961-00326277-00326580": "isomorphic to the quotient", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00962-00326581-00327301": "Oh", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00963-00327302-00327485": "one", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00964-00327486-00327860": "times", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00965-00327861-00328040": "n", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00966-00328041-00328528": "display style math erm o1n math erm oh", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00967-00328529-00329093": "one times math erm o n the orthogonal", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00968-00329094-00329489": "group o 1/n ax by Norm preserving", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00969-00329490-00329878": "transformations on Minkowski space r1 n", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00970-00329879-00330167": "and it acts transitively on the two", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00971-00330168-00330610": "sheet hyperboloid of norm 1 vectors time", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00972-00330611-00330971": "like lines ie those with positive norm", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00973-00330972-00331220": "tangents through the origin passed", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00974-00331221-00331445": "through antipodal points in the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00975-00331446-00331748": "hyperboloid so the space of such lines", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00976-00331749-00332077": "yields a model of hyperbolic and space", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00977-00332078-00332423": "the stabilizer of any particular line as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00978-00332424-00332656": "isomorphic to the product of the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00979-00332657-00333076": "orthogonal groups o N and O one where o", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00980-00333077-00333403": "n acts on the tangent space of a point", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00981-00333404-00333737": "in the hyperboloid and O one reflects", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00982-00333738-00333967": "the line through the origin", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00983-00333968-00334300": "many of the elementary concepts in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00984-00334301-00334630": "hyperbolic geometry can be described in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00985-00334631-00334991": "linear algebraic terms geodesic paths", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00986-00334992-00335257": "are described by intersections with", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00987-00335258-00335513": "planes through the origin dihedral", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00988-00335514-00335795": "angles between hyper planes can be", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00989-00335796-00336092": "described by inner products of normal", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00990-00336093-00336400": "vectors and hyperbolic reflection groups", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00991-00336401-00336638": "can be given explicit matrix", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00992-00336639-00337115": "realizations in small dimensions there", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00993-00337116-00337399": "are exceptional isomorphisms of Li", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00994-00337400-00337624": "groups that yield additional ways to", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00995-00337625-00338028": "consider symmetries of hyperbolic spaces", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00996-00338029-00338400": "for example in dimension to the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00997-00338401-00339024": "isomorphism so plus 1 to PSL to our PSU", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00998-00339025-00339382": "1/1 allow one to interpret the upper", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-00999-00339383-00339730": "half-plane model as the quotient SL two", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01000-00339731-00340097": "are so - and the Poincare a disk model", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01001-00340098-00340622": "as the quotient su 1 1 u 1 in both cases", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01002-00340623-00340946": "the symmetry groups act by fractional", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01003-00340947-00341134": "linear transformations", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01004-00341135-00341429": "since both groups are the orientation", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01005-00341430-00341894": "preserving stabilizers in pgl to see of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01006-00341895-00342158": "the respective subspaces of the Riemann", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01007-00342159-00342545": "sphere the Cayley transformation not", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01008-00342546-00342833": "only takes one model of the hyperbolic", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01009-00342834-00343147": "plane to the other but realizes the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01010-00343148-00343411": "isomorphism of symmetry groups as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01011-00343412-00343742": "conjugation in a larger group in", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01012-00343743-00344120": "dimension 3 the fractional linear action", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01013-00344121-00344546": "of pgl to see on the Riemann sphere as", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01014-00344547-00344768": "identified with the action on the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01015-00344769-00345091": "conformal boundary of hyperbolic 3-space", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01016-00345092-00345556": "induced by the isomorphism Oh plus 1/3", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01017-00345557-00346088": "pgl to see this allows one to study is", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01018-00346089-00346403": "zama trees of hyperbolic 3-space by", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01019-00346404-00346661": "considering spectral properties of", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01020-00346662-00347069": "representative complex matrices for", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01021-00347070-00347381": "example parabolic transformations are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01022-00347382-00347678": "conjugate to rigid translations in the", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01023-00347679-00347915": "upper half space model and they are", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01024-00347916-00348218": "exactly those transformations that can", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01025-00348219-00348491": "be represented by unipotent upper", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01026-00348492-00349206": "triangular matrices", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01027-00349207-00349778": "topic see also", "jG8fr-0ZYC8-01028-00349779-00350183": "equals equals notes"}}, {"audio_id": "jGr12KGKq0g", "text": {"jGr12KGKq0g-00000-00000068-00000380": "chronic Souls is a new age connecting", "jGr12KGKq0g-00001-00000381-00000692": "platform for cannabis enthusiasts find", "jGr12KGKq0g-00002-00000693-00000881": "your perfect partner based on your", "jGr12KGKq0g-00003-00000882-00001195": "common chronic interests whether you're", "jGr12KGKq0g-00004-00001196-00001397": "looking for love or just want to meet", "jGr12KGKq0g-00005-00001398-00001547": "new people in the industry", "jGr12KGKq0g-00006-00001548-00001817": "chronic Souls is your one-stop shop for", "jGr12KGKq0g-00007-00001818-00002171": "cannabis enthusiasts chronic solace", "jGr12KGKq0g-00008-00002172-00002384": "makes it easy for you to book dates or", "jGr12KGKq0g-00009-00002385-00002608": "plan events either on your own or with", "jGr12KGKq0g-00010-00002609-00002855": "your partner using the built-in Google", "jGr12KGKq0g-00011-00002856-00003175": "Calendar you can reserve tables at your", "jGr12KGKq0g-00012-00003176-00003400": "favorite restaurant using open table", "jGr12KGKq0g-00013-00003401-00003725": "schedule a ride with uber have flowers", "jGr12KGKq0g-00014-00003726-00003938": "sent or buy tickets to the hottest", "jGr12KGKq0g-00015-00003939-00004256": "events using Ticketmaster it's all", "jGr12KGKq0g-00016-00004257-00004544": "available on chronic Souls available", "jGr12KGKq0g-00017-00004545-00004901": "online or as Matt subscribe today and", "jGr12KGKq0g-00018-00004902-00005111": "we'll let you know when we go live", "jGr12KGKq0g-00019-00005112-00005465": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "jGuIKzWleGM", "text": {"jGuIKzWleGM-00000-00000102-00000293": "foreign", "jGuIKzWleGM-00001-00000294-00003533": "[Music]", "jGuIKzWleGM-00002-00003534-00003834": "foreign"}}, {"audio_id": "jGE_EpHaEkg", "text": {"jGE_EpHaEkg-00000-00000003-00000161": "okay let's go ahead and do an example", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00001-00000162-00000497": "here where we are interested in doing a", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00002-00000498-00000833": "one sample hypothesis test with respect", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00003-00000834-00001012": "to a mean", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00004-00001013-00001283": "okay so let's read our scenario it says", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00005-00001284-00001487": "that Jane was not satisfied with her", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00006-00001488-00001868": "results from our proportions test", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00007-00001869-00002129": "so thinking upon it she may have", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00008-00002130-00002300": "captured individuals who only work out", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00009-00002301-00002462": "five minutes every day and have excluded", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00010-00002463-00002659": "people who work out for an hour every", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00011-00002660-00002930": "day except the weekends to get another", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00012-00002931-00003116": "look at her question she decided to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00013-00003117-00003344": "instead ask how much time do you work", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00014-00003345-00003581": "out each week Jess Student Health again", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00015-00003582-00003970": "and finds that they have let's put it it", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00016-00003971-00004469": "has it has 2.25 hours per week she", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00017-00004470-00004697": "thinks that this is actually too low she", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00018-00004698-00004936": "decided to test this time at an alpha of", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00019-00004937-00005122": "zero point zero seven so she rounds up a", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00020-00005123-00005291": "random sample again the faculty and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00021-00005292-00005465": "students at Casper College answer data", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00022-00005466-00005684": "is provided all right so let's go", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00023-00005685-00006166": "through our steps data type is numerical", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00024-00006167-00006506": "we're dealing with time that's a actual", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00025-00006506-00006695": "measurement numbers not dealing with", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00026-00006695-00006995": "categories so numerical number two", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00027-00006995-00007414": "population and parameter our population", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00028-00007415-00008458": "is faculty and students at Casper", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00029-00008459-00009202": "College our parameter of interest is the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00030-00009203-00010321": "true true mean number of hours spent", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00031-00010322-00010952": "exercising or will say working out", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00032-00010953-00011167": "because that was our question working", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00033-00011168-00011842": "out each week okay so we've done that", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00034-00011843-00012002": "let's say their hypotheses the null", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00035-00012003-00012281": "hypothesis is our baseline so now or say", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00036-00012282-00012551": "that mu or the true mean number of hours", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00037-00012552-00012770": "spent working out each week for faculty", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00038-00012771-00012902": "and students at Casper College", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00039-00012903-00013313": "is equal to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00040-00013313-00013700": "2.25 hours how did we get that we got", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00041-00013701-00013922": "that because it's what she got from", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00042-00013923-00014049": "Student Health that's our baseline", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00043-00014050-00014342": "assumption so let's do our alternative", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00044-00014343-00014966": "hypothesis here mu sorry mu is okay does", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00045-00014968-00015096": "she think it's great then less than or", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00046-00015097-00015171": "not equal to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00047-00015172-00015330": "she thinks that that is actually too low", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00048-00015331-00015497": "so she's these things that the true mean", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00049-00015498-00016039": "it's actually greater than 2.25 hours", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00050-00016040-00016664": "okay in our alpha level alpha is equal", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00051-00016665-00016919": "to zero point zero seven which means", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00052-00016920-00017506": "that our confidence level is equal to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00053-00017507-00018366": "sorry confidence level is equal to one", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00054-00018367-00018555": "minus that which is zero point nine", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00055-00018556-00018869": "three okay great we need to identify in", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00056-00018870-00019050": "our test equation and if we should even", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00057-00019051-00019259": "do the analysis all right well let's", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00058-00019260-00019505": "come over here what am i testing this", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00059-00019506-00019674": "time we're dealing with numerical data", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00060-00019675-00019896": "we're dealing with means how many we're", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00061-00019897-00020072": "still just dealing with one she's just", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00062-00020073-00020361": "looking at the true mean number of hours", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00063-00020362-00020768": "by students and faculty okay so is it", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00064-00020769-00020990": "normal okay well this is our question", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00065-00020991-00021186": "that asked like should we even do our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00066-00021187-00021236": "test", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00067-00021237-00021533": "well let's go look at the data we know", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00068-00021534-00021743": "we don't know if the original population", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00069-00021744-00021900": "is normally distributed there's nothing", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00070-00021901-00022065": "in the data that says that it should be", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00071-00022066-00022280": "and so then we just need to look at our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00072-00022281-00022478": "sample size and is it above 30 let me", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00073-00022479-00022622": "scroll down it looks like we have like", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00074-00022623-00022830": "in the 50s for a number of observations", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00075-00022831-00023150": "taken so it doesn't say so but we've got", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00076-00023151-00023372": "a big enough sample size so by the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00077-00023373-00023550": "central limit theorem we can ask our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00078-00023551-00023768": "next question do we know the population", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00079-00023769-00023987": "standard deviation or is the standard", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00080-00023988-00024239": "deviation a part of a sample here we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00081-00024240-00024386": "don't get anything it doesn't tell us", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00082-00024387-00024555": "anything about any type of standard", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00083-00024556-00024833": "deviation so we can calculate it from", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00084-00024834-00025268": "our raw data so that is going to be s", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00085-00025269-00025458": "that the standard deviation was", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00086-00025459-00025631": "calculated after the sample was chosen", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00087-00025632-00025917": "we are going to be using s so now we've", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00088-00025918-00026405": "got our test equation and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00089-00026406-00026636": "we will modify this is for if we were", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00090-00026637-00026792": "doing a two-tailed test for confidence", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00091-00026793-00026954": "intervals but we can modify it for", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00092-00026955-00027293": "confidence bound okay so yes we found", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00093-00027294-00027490": "our cough our test equation and we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00094-00027491-00027662": "should do the analysis because we have a", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00095-00027663-00028189": "big enough sample size so we can do", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00096-00028191-00028781": "analysis and is greater than 30 great", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00097-00028782-00028952": "all right so now it says calculate the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00098-00028952-00029282": "test statistic and p-value okay so here", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00099-00029283-00029429": "if we look over at our equation we've", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00100-00029430-00029558": "got some things that we need we need to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00101-00029558-00029752": "know the hypothesized mean the sample", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00102-00029754-00029924": "standard deviation the sample size and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00103-00029925-00030161": "the sample mean well let's go ahead and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00104-00030162-00030427": "import our data so we want to do data", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00105-00030427-00030797": "import we'll do an excel file we'll call", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00106-00030798-00031283": "this I'll just call my hours I want to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00107-00031283-00031706": "click it okay and go back and still open", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00108-00031707-00031877": "up that file again I'm going to open it", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00109-00031877-00032057": "up and you can choose the sheet again", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00110-00032058-00032276": "this one is on the mean sheet I'm going", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00111-00032277-00032512": "to click OK and I want to click View", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00112-00032513-00032651": "data set to make sure that it's right", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00113-00032652-00032867": "and yeah it's my hours exercising guy", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00114-00032868-00033089": "we're good to go so I'm going to close", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00115-00033090-00033320": "out of here all right so first things", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00116-00033321-00033496": "first is I'm going to do this two", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00117-00033497-00033650": "separate ways just like I did it in the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00118-00033651-00033848": "proportions video I'm going to both", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00119-00033849-00034214": "calculate this by doing it with the like", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00120-00034215-00034448": "hand calculations and also do it by", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00121-00034449-00034667": "using our commander to its full", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00122-00034668-00034952": "potential all right here we go so first", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00123-00034953-00035108": "things first I want those statistics", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00124-00035109-00035312": "I need a summary and let's go to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00125-00035313-00035590": "numerical summaries okay so it says pick", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00126-00035591-00035777": "your variables we're doing the hours", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00127-00035778-00035992": "exercising or hours working out", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00128-00035993-00036287": "statistics I don't need the quantiles of", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00129-00036288-00036421": "the interquartile range I do need the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00130-00036422-00036577": "mean I do need the sample standard", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00131-00036578-00036755": "deviation but check this out it'll also", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00132-00036756-00037019": "calculate out this standard error over", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00133-00037020-00037181": "here in this equation the standard error", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00134-00037182-00037418": "is the entire thing in the denominator s", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00135-00037419-00037811": "divided by the square root of n awesome", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00136-00037812-00038206": "let's use it so we want to click OK and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00137-00038207-00038480": "then come over here check this out I've", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00138-00038481-00038648": "got my mean I've got my standard", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00139-00038649-00038855": "deviation I've got my standard error and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00140-00038856-00039089": "I've got my n now if you notice here", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00141-00039090-00039464": "like the the decimals aren't a lot it", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00142-00039465-00039629": "gives you some but a lot of times we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00143-00039630-00039727": "want more we can", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00144-00039728-00039919": "type in a quick little line you can type", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00145-00039920-00040411": "in options digits equals and then we can", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00146-00040412-00040567": "type how many digits you want I'm gonna", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00147-00040568-00040825": "type in 12 it's a little obnoxious but", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00148-00040826-00041017": "it will help us out someone hit enter", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00149-00041018-00041245": "and then I'm going to come back I'm just", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00150-00041246-00041551": "gonna run this line of code again so I'm", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00151-00041552-00042015": "gonna just run my number and summary I'm", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00152-00042016-00042136": "just gonna click Submit", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00153-00042137-00042412": "and check that out my extended out my", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00154-00042413-00042574": "decimals so that I don't have to deal", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00155-00042575-00042832": "with like rounding errors which is great", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00156-00042833-00043285": "so I'm going to say that X bar is equal", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00157-00043286-00043648": "to I'm just going to copy this mean and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00158-00043649-00043867": "paste it and hit enter and check it out", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00159-00043868-00044125": "it pops up right over here perfect I'm", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00160-00044126-00044524": "going to do s equals and that's this", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00161-00044525-00044935": "standard deviation enter and then we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00162-00044936-00045301": "want to do standard error equals this", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00163-00045302-00046069": "guy and then I want to do n and I'm", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00164-00046070-00046611": "going to say N equals 57 and there we go", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00165-00046612-00046960": "okay so if we notice here in our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00166-00046961-00047107": "equation we also have this extra little", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00167-00047108-00047308": "thing we've got this n minus 1 you like", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00168-00047309-00047590": "hey what the heck is n minus 1 n minus 1", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00169-00047591-00047905": "is our our degrees of freedom so degrees", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00170-00047906-00048094": "of freedom are calculated by saying just", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00171-00048095-00048469": "equals n minus 1 and 1 hit enter and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00172-00048470-00048631": "puts up my degrees of freedom while I'm", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00173-00048632-00049174": "at it let's just put up alpha which we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00174-00049175-00049486": "said equals zero point zero seven that's", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00175-00049487-00049750": "handy and we can put up the confidence", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00176-00049751-00049969": "level if we want it equals one minus", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00177-00049970-00050323": "alpha and now I've got my confidence", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00178-00050324-00050617": "level as well okay so I'm starting to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00179-00050618-00050796": "get a bunch of stuff over here I'll try", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00180-00050797-00051136": "to keep it so that we can see it all the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00181-00051137-00051487": "values that I'm working with okay so now", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00182-00051488-00051666": "the question is well can I calculate it", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00183-00051667-00051895": "out my test statistic so my test", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00184-00051896-00052138": "statistic is this T score I need a", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00185-00052139-00052305": "calculator now well we've got all the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00186-00052307-00052519": "pieces now so we're going to say just", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00187-00052520-00053031": "that T equals we'll do X bar", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00188-00053032-00053337": "- whoops we don't have me yet back up", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00189-00053338-00053691": "let's do em you not this is the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00190-00053692-00053916": "hypothesized mean this is what they gave", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00191-00053917-00054105": "us from Student Health and we said that", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00192-00054106-00054547": "that was 2.25 okay now we've got it here", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00193-00054548-00055378": "we go t equals x-bar minus mu divided by", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00194-00055379-00055728": "I could do standard deviation divided by", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00195-00055729-00055961": "the square root of N or I can just do", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00196-00055962-00056272": "standard error and let's see if it both", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00197-00056273-00056578": "works so if I hit oh sorry it's not you", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00198-00056579-00056637": "it's me", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00199-00056638-00056959": "I'm not and I hit enter okay it gives me", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00200-00056960-00057336": "a T value of two point nine three I'm", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00201-00057337-00057543": "reading it firm right here let's see if", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00202-00057544-00057772": "we did this again but instead of using", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00203-00057773-00058643": "se we used s divided by square root of n", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00204-00058644-00058979": "now let's hit enter for that guy and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00205-00058980-00059203": "check it out it's the exact same thing I", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00206-00059204-00059349": "think there was a tiny change way out", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00207-00059350-00059526": "here just a little bit of a rounding", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00208-00059527-00059748": "error because of copying and pasting", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00209-00059749-00059973": "these values but they're the same thing", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00210-00059974-00060144": "so we're going to go back to the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00211-00060145-00060340": "standard error one and I'm just going to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00212-00060341-00060685": "hit enter okay there we go so we've got", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00213-00060686-00061110": "our t we've got our we've got like all", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00214-00061111-00061347": "our pieces now now we just need to let's", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00215-00061348-00061534": "go back over here and we'll type out our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00216-00061535-00061897": "T value so T equals this is our test", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00217-00061898-00062111": "statistic will do two point nine three", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00218-00062112-00062982": "four four now we just need our p value p", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00219-00062983-00063276": "value equals now we need to figure out", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00220-00063277-00063411": "how we calculate this well we can", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00221-00063412-00063760": "calculate this p value by shoving in", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00222-00063761-00064436": "this t score into the up into our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00223-00064437-00064710": "probabilities so what we can do is we're", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00224-00064711-00064980": "going to I can't copy it there well okay", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00225-00064981-00065505": "T I copy it here click copy we'll go to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00226-00065506-00065793": "distributions continuous we're dealing", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00227-00065794-00066022": "with a t-distribution now we want to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00228-00066023-00066349": "deal with T probabilities", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00229-00066350-00066595": "and we need to put in the variable", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00230-00066596-00066928": "values paste that's the T value that we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00231-00066929-00067084": "need to put in the degrees of freedom", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00232-00067085-00067303": "that we're dealing with okay degrees of", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00233-00067304-00067660": "freedom are 56 RN minus 1 and we need to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00234-00067661-00067834": "know are we doing get lower tail are we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00235-00067835-00068053": "doing an upper tail this is all dealing", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00236-00068054-00068245": "with how the null hypothesis is stated", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00237-00068246-00068473": "if we think it's the lower tail we need", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00238-00068474-00068677": "to or if we think it's less than we say", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00239-00068678-00068854": "lower tail if we say greater then we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00240-00068855-00068998": "want the upper tail so let's go ahead", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00241-00068999-00069331": "and click on the upper tail and then I'm", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00242-00069332-00069813": "going to click OK and gives me this", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00243-00069814-00070218": "p-value so I'm just gonna say p-value", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00244-00070219-00070687": "equals let's copy this guy and let's", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00245-00070688-00070954": "paste it in and now I've got my p-value", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00246-00070955-00071164": "so we can say p-value is equal to zero", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00247-00071165-00071884": "point zero zero two four great all right", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00248-00071885-00072040": "so we've got a test statistic we've got", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00249-00072041-00072439": "our p-value now we just need to reject", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00250-00072440-00072616": "or fail to reject so we know that the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00251-00072617-00073255": "p-value we are comparing it to alpha we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00252-00073256-00073678": "need to know is this bigger smaller then", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00253-00073679-00073822": "alpha is our p-value bigger or smaller", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00254-00073823-00074092": "and here if we look at our Alpha values", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00255-00074093-00074464": "0.07 this guy is 0.002 4 so our p-value", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00256-00074465-00075268": "is less than alpha so we reject the null", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00257-00075269-00075547": "or that's the same thing as saying the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00258-00075548-00075952": "reject H naught okay so now we need to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00259-00075953-00076144": "write a conclusion okay", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00260-00076145-00076330": "now we can put our pieces together we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00261-00076331-00077163": "can say that Jane collected sufficient", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00262-00077164-00077653": "sufficient evidence and here we need to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00263-00077654-00078022": "put in like our alpha alpha equals zero", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00264-00078023-00078877": "point zero seven p-value equals zero", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00265-00078878-00079147": "point zero zero two four that's just", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00266-00079148-00079252": "showing that our p-value is less than", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00267-00079253-00079456": "alpha remember if you just say", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00268-00079457-00079594": "sufficient evidence and you give the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00269-00079595-00079729": "Alpha level every", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00270-00079730-00079894": "he knows that it means that the p-value", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00271-00079895-00080074": "is less than alpha I like this because", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00272-00080075-00080293": "it's a little explicit alright Jane", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00273-00080294-00080521": "collected sufficient evidence alpha and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00274-00080522-00081222": "the p-value to reject and the claim that", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00275-00081223-00082656": "students and faculty on average or here", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00276-00082657-00082717": "wolves", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00277-00082718-00083010": "let's free-range us a little bit that", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00278-00083011-00083556": "the true mean time that students and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00279-00083557-00084571": "faculty spend exercising exercising each", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00280-00084572-00085825": "week is sorry equal to two point two", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00281-00085826-00087126": "five hours and and conclude that sorry", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00282-00087127-00087394": "faculty I've got to say where we're at", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00283-00087395-00088042": "is when the correct population casts for", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00284-00088043-00088543": "college", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00285-00088544-00088887": "spend exercising each week is equal to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00286-00088888-00089071": "two point two five hours and conclude", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00287-00089072-00089801": "that they in fact spend more time", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00288-00089802-00090486": "exercising okay so here we've got our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00289-00090487-00091143": "conclusion this is conclusion Jain clock", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00290-00091144-00091350": "is sufficient evidence to reject the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00291-00091351-00091581": "claim so we're rejecting the null here's", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00292-00091582-00091723": "an old that the true meantime that", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00293-00091724-00091887": "students and faculty at Casper College", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00294-00091888-00092080": "been exercising each week is equal to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00295-00092081-00092299": "two point two five hours include that", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00296-00092300-00092493": "they in fact spend more time exercising", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00297-00092494-00093137": "now we need the post hoc post hoc", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00298-00093138-00094804": "confidence interval slash bound", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00299-00094805-00095162": "okay and here we go let's type it out so", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00300-00095163-00095555": "she can say that Jane is okay we would", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00301-00095556-00096529": "say 93 percent confident that the true", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00302-00096530-00097531": "mmm number of hours spent exercising by", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00303-00097532-00098828": "Casper college students and faculty is", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00304-00098829-00099422": "greater than and now we need to actually", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00305-00099423-00099701": "calculate this out because we didn't do", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00306-00099702-00100031": "it yet so let's come back over here all", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00307-00100032-00100232": "right so we we have basically everything", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00308-00100233-00100382": "that we need but we're since we're just", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00309-00100383-00100580": "looking at greater than we need to find", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00310-00100581-00100815": "a lower bound so we can say for 90%", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00311-00100816-00101357": "toward 97 sorry 3% confident that you're", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00312-00101358-00101603": "greater than some value so let's figure", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00313-00101604-00101744": "this out we need to do a couple of", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00314-00101745-00101903": "things first first things first we need", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00315-00101904-00102234": "to find out the T critical we need to do", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00316-00102235-00102485": "a T critical remember when we do the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00317-00102486-00102863": "confidence intervals we go look at the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00318-00102864-00103071": "quantiles so we've got T distribution", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00319-00103072-00103275": "we're going to go to quantize so we need", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00320-00103276-00103460": "to put in a probability here all right", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00321-00103461-00103583": "so what we're going to put in is we're", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00322-00103584-00103776": "going to put in our alpha level zero", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00323-00103777-00104243": "seven degrees of freedom 57 and we want", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00324-00104244-00104486": "we can say an upper tail because we're", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00325-00104488-00104982": "dealing with with values to the the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00326-00104983-00105308": "right we said greater than okay and we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00327-00105309-00105723": "can just go ahead and click OK and here", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00328-00105724-00106004": "we go we've got one point four nine etc", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00329-00106005-00106289": "etc well let's just type that in as T", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00330-00106290-00106907": "crit secret equals let's copy this guy", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00331-00106908-00107247": "and paste it in and we've now got T", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00332-00107248-00107394": "critical I'm running out of space I've", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00333-00107395-00107666": "got one more thing that I need in here", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00334-00107667-00107870": "okay last thing that we need to do we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00335-00107871-00108329": "need to do our confidence bound and we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00336-00108330-00108958": "can say upper hi this is equal to X bar", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00337-00108958-00109307": "- oh sorry this is a confidence bound", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00338-00109308-00109499": "lower because we want to say that we're", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00339-00109500-00109663": "greater than it okay", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00340-00109664-00110546": "X bar minus T crit x and the standard", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00341-00110547-00110939": "there se hit enter and there it gives", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00342-00110940-00111384": "our lower bound 2.82", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00343-00111385-00111719": "okay so now we can come in and write our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00344-00111720-00112093": "confidence interval out is greater than", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00345-00112094-00112340": "we can just put it in here we found the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00346-00112341-00113134": "lower two point eight two hours okay", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00347-00113135-00113369": "there's a confidence interval so like as", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00348-00113370-00113573": "soon as we make our conclusion or we can", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00349-00113574-00113747": "say that it's greater than in this case", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00350-00113748-00114017": "we say greater than mu greater than the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00351-00114018-00114245": "2.25 hours immediately somebody asks is", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00352-00114246-00114446": "gonna ask well how big do you think it", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00353-00114447-00114614": "is and Jane would then with the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00354-00114615-00114770": "confidence and it will be able or the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00355-00114771-00114926": "confidence bound be able to say that hey", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00356-00114927-00115115": "I'm ninety-three percent confident the", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00357-00115116-00115238": "true mean number of hours spent", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00358-00115239-00115391": "exercising by caster college students", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00359-00115392-00115727": "and faculty is in fact greater than two", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00360-00115728-00116008": "point eight two hours that's excellent", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00361-00116009-00116236": "and give them both reject the original", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00362-00116238-00116432": "claim and give a starting point for", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00363-00116433-00116648": "where we think that the true mean", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00364-00116649-00117034": "actually is okay so we did this big walk", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00365-00117035-00117266": "we figured out our confidence bound", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00366-00117267-00117641": "lower we found our test statistic it was", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00367-00117642-00117833": "a lot of work though there's a much", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00368-00117833-00118060": "easier way so now that we have our data", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00369-00118061-00118418": "in we can just go to statistics we're", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00370-00118419-00118595": "dealing with means let's just do a", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00371-00118596-00118925": "single sample t-test click on it I'm", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00372-00118926-00119150": "we're on two hours exercising we want to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00373-00119151-00119264": "say that we think that the true", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00374-00119265-00119410": "population mean is actually greater than", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00375-00119411-00119753": "the baseline the baseline was 2.25 hours", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00376-00119754-00120029": "and the confidence level we're going to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00377-00120030-00120278": "set that at 0.93 all right check how", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00378-00120279-00120479": "easy this is this is like our just", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00379-00120480-00120740": "baseline information before we did any", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00380-00120741-00121054": "calculations now we can just click", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00381-00121055-00121568": "okay come back over here and let's see", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00382-00121569-00121714": "how we did", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00383-00121715-00121970": "I saw our x-bar was three point four two", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00384-00121971-00122183": "two eight three point four two two eight", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00385-00122183-00122468": "our T was two point nine three four four", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00386-00122469-00122621": "let's look at our team that we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00387-00122622-00122854": "calculated we got two point nine three", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00388-00122855-00123233": "four four we're doing good p-value 0.002", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00389-00123233-00123784": "four 0.002 four confidence interval okay", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00390-00123785-00123937": "now babe wrote it as an interval", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00391-00123938-00124039": "remember you can always write a", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00392-00124040-00124309": "confidence interval as confidence bounds", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00393-00124310-00124528": "if you just put one of the extremities", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00394-00124529-00124733": "as like infinity or negative infinity so", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00395-00124733-00124810": "that's what they did", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00396-00124811-00125179": "let's see how our conference bound lower", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00397-00125180-00125447": "stats up we did two point eight two four", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00398-00125448-00125965": "six two point eight two four four and it", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00399-00125966-00126146": "looks like it's just a little bit", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00400-00126147-00127108": "different out here okay so if we look at", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00401-00127109-00127459": "this we can notice that I actually made", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00402-00127460-00127748": "a tiny error so if we look at this when", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00403-00127749-00128029": "we shoved it through our commander we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00404-00128030-00128326": "got the finally the confidence interval", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00405-00128327-00128533": "of two point eight two four four eight", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00406-00128534-00128744": "six we look up here we got two point", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00407-00128745-00129131": "eight two four six three and it took me", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00408-00129132-00129356": "a second to realize what happened so if", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00409-00129357-00129508": "we look up here we got the degrees of", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00410-00129509-00129825": "freedom wrong the degrees of freedom are", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00411-00129826-00130496": "56 not 57 so let's just go back just", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00412-00130497-00130820": "like two steps real quick let's first of", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00413-00130821-00131064": "all let's we've got fix up our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00414-00131065-00131338": "confidence well I mean when we round to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00415-00131339-00131519": "two decimals it's going to be the same", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00416-00131520-00131696": "but I want to show you that these two", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00417-00131697-00131969": "methods will get you the same value all", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00418-00131970-00132122": "right so we need to go to distributions", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00419-00132123-00132383": "we need to go to t and the quantiles we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00420-00132384-00132533": "had everything right here except this", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00421-00132534-00133015": "needs to be 56 and click okay so now we", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00422-00133016-00133540": "want this to be T crit equals we're just", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00423-00133541-00133752": "going to write over what we had before", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00424-00133753-00134236": "we paste it there hit enter and we're", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00425-00134237-00134396": "going to rerun this guy", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00426-00134397-00134764": "and now hit enter and now these two", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00427-00134765-00135138": "methods got the same so we got 2.8 to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00428-00135139-00135722": "446 2.8 2 4 4 8 6 etc like it really", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00429-00135723-00136136": "does work and I mean you saw like it", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00430-00136137-00136390": "even I want to go through these hand", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00431-00136391-00136549": "calculations it's there are so many", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00432-00136550-00136796": "steps it is really easy to make a simple", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00433-00136797-00137113": "error whereas if I take if I just shove", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00434-00137114-00137340": "the raw data through and let our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00435-00137341-00137638": "commander do it it's much more likely to", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00436-00137639-00137948": "come out with the correct answer", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00437-00137949-00138458": "so anyways long I'm sure it is just go", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00438-00138459-00138691": "ahead and do it by shoving the data", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00439-00138692-00138826": "through our commander it's a much easier", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00440-00138827-00139031": "and I'm much more interested instead of", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00441-00139032-00139189": "can you go through and do all these", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00442-00139190-00139399": "calculations can you get these", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00443-00139400-00139583": "conclusions correct because that's", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00444-00139584-00139816": "what's important can we take the data", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00445-00139817-00140144": "that we have calculate out values and", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00446-00140145-00140420": "then determine what should we do with", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00447-00140421-00140653": "the data and can you explain that to me", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00448-00140654-00140914": "so anyhow that's how we would do this", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00449-00140915-00141143": "with numerical data from top to bottom", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00450-00141144-00141506": "for all of our steps and I hope that", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00451-00141507-00141787": "that helps you out and please use our", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00452-00141788-00141986": "commander it will save you a lot of time", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00453-00141987-00142201": "and if you have any questions please", "jGE_EpHaEkg-00454-00142202-00142516": "contact me good luck"}}, {"audio_id": "jGI33E4lFbQ", "text": {"jGI33E4lFbQ-00000-00000848-00000958": "out of curiosity", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00001-00000959-00001278": "what is the um the hard stuff you guys", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00002-00001279-00001491": "want to put on the class at 4 30", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00003-00001492-00001855": "or 4. how's everyone feeling about that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00004-00001855-00002183": "it's really up to you guys 5 45.", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00005-00002184-00002342": "i mean i can i can go all night if you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00006-00002343-00002567": "guys want i got lots of things to say", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00007-00002568-00003087": "good stuff", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00008-00003088-00003303": "okay i mean it depends if you guys don't", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00009-00003304-00003447": "want a hard stop we can keep going i", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00010-00003447-00003575": "just don't want to make sure i want to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00011-00003576-00003751": "make sure that i'm not uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00012-00003752-00004031": "you know overstaying my welcome here and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00013-00004032-00004143": "i want to make sure we cover the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00014-00004144-00004311": "material that you guys want to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00015-00004312-00004454": "cover and if you guys want to definitely", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00016-00004455-00004719": "be out by 4 30 i just want to make sure", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00017-00004720-00004943": "we prioritize the material in the order", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00018-00004944-00005199": "that that suits your needs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00019-00005200-00005431": "i'll probably cut out around 4 30 but", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00020-00005432-00005759": "okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00021-00005760-00005918": "so some things i'm going to talk about", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00022-00005919-00006206": "are sort of general auditing strategies", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00023-00006207-00006534": "okay sort of like corey's uh source code", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00024-00006536-00006767": "auditing tips", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00025-00006768-00007055": "um we're also going to talk about", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00026-00007056-00007303": "exploit mitigation technology", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00027-00007304-00007631": "and the last lab that i have planned", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00028-00007631-00007823": "is one where we bypass depth and no", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00029-00007823-00008046": "execute stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00030-00008047-00008231": "so there we go exploit mitigation", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00031-00008232-00008423": "technologies bypassing mitigation", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00032-00008424-00008510": "technologies", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00033-00008511-00008719": "and source code automatic tips out of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00034-00008720-00008863": "those three which two", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00035-00008864-00009263": "are the most interesting to you guys", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00036-00009264-00009583": "first two okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00037-00009584-00009814": "all right let's do it so your doctor", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00038-00009815-00009919": "saying", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00039-00009920-00010238": "uh corey's source codonite tips and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00040-00010239-00010527": "exploit mitigations", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00041-00010528-00010727": "what's the third one breaking", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00042-00010728-00010967": "exploitations", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00043-00010968-00011183": "yeah third one i need all right all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00044-00011184-00011335": "right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00045-00011336-00011591": "okay let's do it then let's go all right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00046-00011592-00011663": "so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00047-00011664-00011887": "when you're auditing an application and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00048-00011888-00012055": "i'm trying to mainly talk about open", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00049-00012056-00012223": "source stuff the closed course stuff", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00050-00012224-00012438": "please see my second class this summer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00051-00012439-00012599": "but for open source stuff", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00052-00012600-00012919": "it is largely um target dependent okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00053-00012919-00013086": "it depends on what it is you're auditing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00054-00013087-00013215": "if you're auditing something like open", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00055-00013216-00013303": "ssh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00056-00013304-00013519": "apache something that has wide fear of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00057-00013519-00013638": "you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00058-00013640-00013871": "you need to go into the battle knowing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00059-00013872-00013999": "what to expect", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00060-00014000-00014191": "if it has been widely peer reviewed do", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00061-00014191-00014375": "not expect to find the string copy", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00062-00014376-00014511": "buffer overflow it's just not going to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00063-00014512-00014566": "exist", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00064-00014568-00014694": "everyone has already rooted those out a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00065-00014695-00014886": "long time because if you're looking at", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00066-00014887-00014983": "something that um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00067-00014984-00015175": "a lot of people have looked at it you'll", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00068-00015176-00015407": "need to look at the very crazy", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00069-00015408-00015711": "nasty functions like this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00070-00015712-00015943": "and so on to try to find the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00071-00015944-00016119": "vulnerabilities because these are much", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00072-00016119-00016215": "harder to spot", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00073-00016216-00016399": "right a lot of people looked at it so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00074-00016400-00016535": "the only bugs left are the ones that are", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00075-00016536-00016655": "very hard to spot", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00076-00016656-00016783": "if you're auditing something for a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00077-00016784-00017022": "sponsor or something that has had very", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00078-00017023-00017222": "little peer review to something that uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00079-00017223-00017407": "you know some guy wrote and yeah it's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00080-00017408-00017550": "very possible that you'll find a very", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00081-00017551-00017694": "obvious buffer workflow like a screen", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00082-00017695-00017758": "copy", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00083-00017759-00018079": "s print ad something like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00084-00018080-00018383": "i assume there's like turtle scripts and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00085-00018384-00018543": "tools out there that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00086-00018544-00018935": "what can analyze source code", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00087-00018936-00019263": "uh actually uh a couple slides away", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00088-00019264-00019383": "i'll go and talk about that now though", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00089-00019384-00019591": "there are some open source some tools", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00090-00019592-00019758": "that you can feed your source code too", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00091-00019759-00019879": "and they will automatically try to find", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00092-00019880-00020255": "vulnerabilities for you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00093-00020256-00020550": "rule number one most of them suck okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00094-00020551-00020783": "i'm just being real with you about that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00095-00020784-00021094": "uh so for instance i guess that's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00096-00021095-00021183": "actually not", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00097-00021184-00021486": "going to show you there you go uh this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00098-00021487-00021630": "is one of those automated source code", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00099-00021631-00021814": "analyzers i ran it the simple login", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00100-00021815-00021991": "program which as you know is pretty", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00101-00021992-00022175": "simple it's probably just like 15 lines", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00102-00022176-00022350": "of code and look at this it actually", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00103-00022351-00022527": "produces more output", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00104-00022528-00022767": "than there are alliance codes pretty", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00105-00022768-00022878": "much impossible", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00106-00022879-00023103": "to sift through the signal to noise", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00107-00023104-00023327": "ratio is insane the whole", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00108-00023328-00023614": "false positive ratio is insane as well", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00109-00023615-00023742": "however", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00110-00023743-00023903": "this was just a free source code", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00111-00023904-00024127": "analyzer okay there are some companies", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00112-00024128-00024191": "out there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00113-00024192-00024614": "that will be happy to charge you 50 000", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00114-00024615-00024911": "for their super advanced awesome source", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00115-00024912-00025078": "code analyzer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00116-00025079-00025263": "i've seen some demos of some of them", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00117-00025264-00025430": "they are kind of interesting", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00118-00025431-00025767": "but and they're good at finding", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00119-00025768-00025943": "some kinds of bugs like they'll warn you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00120-00025944-00026118": "for using unseen functions like string", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00121-00026119-00026199": "copy or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00122-00026200-00026623": "s printf but", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00123-00026624-00026831": "it is likely that even those would fail", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00124-00026832-00027023": "to find something like this okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00125-00027024-00027239": "it's just um it's kind of like a halting", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00126-00027239-00027479": "problem some of these things are just uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00127-00027480-00027695": "i think too hard for a program to find", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00128-00027695-00027799": "it's uh i can't", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00129-00027800-00027951": "obviously say definitively because i", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00130-00027952-00028102": "haven't bought the million dollar source", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00131-00028104-00028239": "code analyzer but", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00132-00028239-00028614": "from my experience they're just i'm not", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00133-00028616-00028831": "gonna find really severe but or really", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00134-00028832-00029111": "uh subtle bugs like this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00135-00029112-00029279": "obviously they are useful if you are", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00136-00029280-00029414": "incorporating them into your software", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00137-00029416-00029590": "development process that everyone's code", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00138-00029591-00029727": "has to pass through", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00139-00029727-00029911": "you know this code analyzer and that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00140-00029912-00030079": "will root out some bugs certainly and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00141-00030080-00030246": "make your code quality better", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00142-00030247-00030535": "but you can't assume because the source", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00143-00030536-00030670": "analyzer found in the bugs that there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00144-00030672-00030774": "are no bugs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00145-00030775-00030895": "at the end of the day when you use one", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00146-00030895-00031111": "of those things we'll probably get a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00147-00031112-00031631": "you know insane amount of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00148-00031632-00031895": "signal a noise or a signal to noise", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00149-00031895-00032031": "ratio it's going to be really hard to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00150-00032032-00032302": "park so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00151-00032303-00032446": "pros and cons there it's not going to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00152-00032447-00032583": "find everything for you we'll help you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00153-00032583-00032767": "and it's worth the insane fights as", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00154-00032768-00033383": "those people charge it's up to you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00155-00033384-00033543": "another thing you can do a lot of people", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00156-00033544-00033711": "used to find bugs these days", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00157-00033712-00033871": "is uh buzzing right we've all heard of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00158-00033872-00034015": "that so the way", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00159-00034016-00034343": "buzzing works is you have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00160-00034344-00034631": "two i guess two main categories all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00161-00034632-00034807": "right you have generational buzzing and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00162-00034808-00034943": "mutational fuzzing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00163-00034944-00035223": "so let's assume as an example kind of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00164-00035224-00035774": "come over to the board here bill", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00165-00035775-00036118": "let's assuming that i am buzzing a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00166-00036119-00036462": "document reader like the linux", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00167-00036463-00036695": "pdf reader okay xpdf or something like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00168-00036696-00036823": "that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00169-00036824-00037174": "you're not on the screen yet okay uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00170-00037175-00037455": "yeah thank you bill so let's assume i", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00171-00037456-00037535": "was", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00172-00037536-00037743": "fuzzing something like xpdf the linux", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00173-00037744-00037846": "pdf reader", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00174-00037847-00038102": "for vulnerabilities what i would do to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00175-00038103-00038262": "fuzz a target just to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00176-00038263-00038495": "walk you through a scenario is first off", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00177-00038496-00038574": "i would go", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00178-00038575-00038830": "and write a python script to download a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00179-00038831-00038999": "million random pdfs on the internet", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00180-00039000-00039102": "something like that okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00181-00039103-00039407": "so i have a sample size", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00182-00039408-00039911": "of like one million", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00183-00039912-00040127": "well-formed pdfs these are all good", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00184-00040128-00041174": "legit pdfs okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00185-00041175-00041511": "now here's what i do i have a um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00186-00041512-00041879": "a python script that comes and loads in", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00187-00041880-00042083": "one of these files", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00188-00042084-00042351": "so x", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00189-00042352-00042590": "from here i'm just choosing one at", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00190-00042591-00042671": "random", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00191-00042672-00042983": "okay the contents of x are and i'm", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00192-00042984-00043087": "making this up because they're not", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00193-00043088-00043367": "intimately familiar with the pdf format", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00194-00043368-00043543": "are so you know we'll just assume it's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00195-00043544-00043807": "binary data we have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00196-00043808-00044199": "this here and these first two bytes just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00197-00044200-00044423": "signify it's a pdf document it's like a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00198-00044424-00044558": "signature that has to be checked if the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00199-00044559-00044758": "first two bytes are not a bb", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00200-00044759-00045046": "is not a pdf document here we have some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00201-00045047-00045135": "some more data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00202-00045136-00045462": "zero zero one zero a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00203-00045463-00045815": "f and this is treated like a um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00204-00045816-00045990": "an integer or something this declares", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00205-00045991-00046183": "some kind of size i don't know i'm just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00206-00046184-00046423": "thinking of the file format we have more", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00207-00046424-00046646": "binary data here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00208-00046647-00046983": "blah blah blah blah blah blah one one", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00209-00046984-00047215": "two two more binary data pictures and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00210-00047216-00047423": "all this kind of crap", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00211-00047424-00047630": "and what your fuzzing script would do", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00212-00047631-00047839": "for um mutational", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00213-00047840-00047967": "fuzzing is it would take all this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00214-00047968-00048183": "well-formed data and it would mutate it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00215-00048184-00048407": "it would come in and it would randomly", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00216-00048408-00049143": "change some of these bytes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00217-00049144-00049295": "and each iteration it would change i", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00218-00049296-00049479": "don't know like 50 bytes or some random", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00219-00049480-00049583": "number like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00220-00049584-00049886": "and then it would tell xpdf to uh to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00221-00049887-00049983": "load", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00222-00049984-00050415": "this document that i just got so x.xpdf", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00223-00050416-00050983": "so it makes the mutation then it goes x", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00224-00050984-00051287": "edf x dot", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00225-00051288-00051526": "pdf you know it tries to load it and it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00226-00051527-00051670": "has it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00227-00051671-00051926": "and it checks to see if this crashed if", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00228-00051927-00052126": "a core file was created okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00229-00052127-00052479": "um if it crashes it logs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00230-00052479-00052687": "the crash and which file caused the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00231-00052688-00052854": "crash and maybe some like a register", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00232-00052855-00053079": "information the time to attach and so on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00233-00053079-00053350": "and then whether or not it crashes and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00234-00053351-00053479": "reinserts this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00235-00053479-00053671": "into our sample size so now we have a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00236-00053672-00053815": "million", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00237-00053816-00054142": "and a one and it does this 100 times a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00238-00054144-00054238": "second", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00239-00054239-00054399": "um for a whole week or something like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00240-00054400-00054607": "this and at the end of the week you have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00241-00054608-00054735": "found", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00242-00054736-00054919": "you know like a thousand crashes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00243-00054920-00055566": "probably more like ten thousand", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00244-00055567-00055799": "just by taking all these well-formed pdf", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00245-00055800-00055942": "and randomly changing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00246-00055944-00056126": "fight data in here all right and then", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00247-00056127-00056326": "forcing the pdf player to try to parse", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00248-00056327-00056503": "it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00249-00056504-00056694": "and then what you do is you have ten", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00250-00056695-00056879": "thousand crashes and you have to decide", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00251-00056879-00057054": "which of these are exploitable and which", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00252-00057055-00057182": "are just uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00253-00057183-00057391": "bogus crashes like null point or d", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00254-00057391-00057550": "reference or something like this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00255-00057551-00057726": "and you'll get somewhere between like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00256-00057727-00058030": "one and four percent", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00257-00058032-00058511": "are exploitable", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00258-00058512-00058782": "and there you go now you have like 10 to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00259-00058783-00058919": "40", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00260-00058920-00059182": "exploitable pdf bugs and all you've done", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00261-00059183-00059335": "is taken this um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00262-00059336-00059582": "sample size of good pdfs flipped some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00263-00059583-00059759": "data in here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00264-00059760-00060015": "flipped some bytes made it try to run it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00265-00060016-00060159": "log if there was a crash or not", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00266-00060160-00060335": "and then analyze the sports of your", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00267-00060336-00060471": "crashes obviously you would want to try", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00268-00060472-00060582": "to script", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00269-00060583-00060935": "the um the parsing of these crashes to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00270-00060936-00061159": "triage them faster i talked about this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00271-00061160-00061399": "actually in my xbox 2 class the last day", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00272-00061400-00061582": "will be dedicated just to doing a lab", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00273-00061583-00061742": "like this where we close an application", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00274-00061744-00061871": "in this method", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00275-00061872-00062079": "this way now we have a bunch of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00276-00062079-00062215": "exploitable crashes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00277-00062216-00062399": "uh this is mutational we're taking good", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00278-00062400-00062582": "pdfs just flipping the data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00279-00062583-00062879": "generation would be in which the other", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00280-00062879-00063063": "kind mutational and generational", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00281-00063064-00063415": "generational means i understand the um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00282-00063416-00063575": "file format well enough where i can", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00283-00063576-00063719": "generate one of my own so i know that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00284-00063720-00063911": "these first two bytes are static", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00285-00063912-00064063": "this is like a signature it has to be", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00286-00064064-00064238": "the same i know that this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00287-00064239-00064494": "is some two-byte number value that's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00288-00064495-00064671": "uses like a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00289-00064672-00064894": "you know an allocation amount to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00290-00064895-00065015": "allocate", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00291-00065016-00065359": "so you know", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00292-00065360-00065882": "integer i know that this is an ascii", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00293-00065883-00066126": "string etc and then basically what", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00294-00066127-00066294": "happens is you create a template file", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00295-00066295-00066415": "for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00296-00066416-00066623": "okay i'm going to mutationally or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00297-00066624-00066911": "generationally fuzz this document", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00298-00066912-00067350": "i know that this has to be aadb", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00299-00067351-00067526": "that's static i know that next is an", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00300-00067527-00067759": "integer and its range is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00301-00067760-00068015": "0 to 1 000 or something like that i just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00302-00068016-00068159": "know that that's the valid range by", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00303-00068160-00068231": "buzzing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00304-00068232-00068391": "by reverse engineering the document", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00305-00068392-00068647": "format i also know that the next two", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00306-00068648-00069071": "things i see are ascii streams", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00307-00069072-00069415": "that can be between 1 and 100 characters", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00308-00069416-00069471": "long", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00309-00069472-00070015": "and are null terminated", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00310-00070016-00070326": "and i know i have um another integer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00311-00070327-00070438": "here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00312-00070439-00070750": "and some jpeg information here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00313-00070751-00070999": "and so on and you describe this like an", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00314-00071000-00071150": "xml format or something like that as", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00315-00071151-00071311": "what you often see with others", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00316-00071312-00071694": "and you'll generate a bunch of documents", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00317-00071695-00071871": "that fit this specification okay it's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00318-00071872-00071982": "going to randomly choose an integer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00319-00071983-00072111": "between this range", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00320-00072112-00072415": "uh greatly generate an ascii screen that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00321-00072416-00072567": "fits these criteria and it's going to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00322-00072568-00072687": "keep generating", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00323-00072688-00073006": "and trying to get xpdf to play them", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00324-00073007-00073143": "and then eventually you'll end up with a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00325-00073144-00073326": "bunch of crashes as well and obviously", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00326-00073327-00073471": "this method is a little bit harder", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00327-00073472-00073767": "because it requires that you understand", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00328-00073768-00073926": "the file format enough", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00329-00073927-00074103": "to be able to describe it in this manner", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00330-00074104-00074215": "that's often kind of hard you have to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00331-00074216-00074255": "reverse", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00332-00074256-00074567": "you know the program generational", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00333-00074568-00074887": "fuzzing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00334-00074888-00075182": "you have to just create collect a large", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00335-00075183-00075287": "sample", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00336-00075288-00075455": "of these pdfs and then if you just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00337-00075456-00075599": "changeable that you keep changing and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00338-00075600-00075711": "changing and changing and see what", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00339-00075712-00075799": "happens", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00340-00075800-00075967": "and um of course you're probably asking", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00341-00075968-00076111": "yourself does this actually work is this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00342-00076112-00076311": "totally bogus of course it doesn't mean", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00343-00076312-00076606": "and uh hell yes it works is the answer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00344-00076607-00076735": "to your question", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00345-00076736-00076967": "i actually did this just for fun because", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00346-00076968-00077135": "first of all i read a paper i don't know", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00347-00077136-00077238": "a couple of years ago", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00348-00077239-00077535": "where a guy fuzzed a lot of client-side", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00349-00077536-00077711": "formats", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00350-00077712-00077926": "like client-side document parsers like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00351-00077927-00078150": "microsoft office and adobe", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00352-00078151-00078406": "using this exact same method and found a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00353-00078407-00078482": "whole bunch of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00354-00078483-00078743": "vulnerabilities a couple years ago and i", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00355-00078744-00078823": "was sort of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00356-00078824-00078975": "curious about making this process work", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00357-00078976-00079199": "as well", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00358-00079200-00079479": "so i did it myself for like the uh you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00359-00079480-00079503": "know", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00360-00079504-00079735": "linux pdf reader open smart pdf reader", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00361-00079736-00079823": "or something like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00362-00079824-00080038": "just to see would happen and yeah i got", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00363-00080039-00080231": "like a vigilian scratches okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00364-00080232-00080462": "so this method definitely does work and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00365-00080463-00080559": "um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00366-00080560-00080687": "some percentage of those will end up", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00367-00080688-00080919": "being exploitable so it's kind of just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00368-00080920-00081055": "like uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00369-00081056-00081287": "you know troll fishing for vulnerability", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00370-00081288-00081462": "is just making the computer do all the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00371-00081463-00081711": "work for you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00372-00081712-00081879": "and then my uh like i said my", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00373-00081880-00082031": "explanatory class will go through that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00374-00082032-00082215": "process and kind of do that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00375-00082216-00082711": "with a application that i wrote", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00376-00082712-00082847": "that'll kind of make sense people that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00377-00082848-00083167": "process", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00378-00083168-00083326": "okay uh here's another example of a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00379-00083327-00083575": "puzzle that's been used in linux um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00380-00083576-00083847": "buzzing for environment variables", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00381-00083848-00083950": "basically", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00382-00083951-00084175": "uh back in the day like 2001 people were", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00383-00084176-00084318": "discovering that there were a lot of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00384-00084319-00084462": "overpowers and environment variables", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00385-00084463-00084638": "like your home and patch variable", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00386-00084639-00084887": "and so there's this dumb buzzer that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00387-00084888-00085038": "basically replaces your environment", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00388-00085039-00085150": "variables with a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00389-00085151-00085318": "you know gazillion a's and it tries to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00390-00085319-00085462": "run a bunch of applications some of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00391-00085463-00085631": "those will crash that's usually", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00392-00085632-00085903": "indicative of a stacked overflow", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00393-00085904-00086382": "just more examples of buzzing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00394-00086383-00086575": "so uh you know there are pros and cons", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00395-00086576-00086750": "to buzzing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00396-00086751-00086935": "the biggest pro of fussing is that it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00397-00086936-00087079": "can be automated okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00398-00087080-00087223": "you're a programming computer to do all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00399-00087224-00087447": "the hard work for you you can go and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00400-00087448-00087575": "have a drink with your friends all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00401-00087576-00087767": "weekend while your computer is crushing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00402-00087768-00087935": "away and your power bill is going to the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00403-00087936-00087991": "roof", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00404-00087992-00088303": "to find these bugs and yeah you design", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00405-00088304-00088599": "them", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00406-00088600-00088775": "you know you can design them for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00407-00088776-00088967": "specific like document formats specific", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00408-00088968-00089143": "protocols and they can kind of like very", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00409-00089144-00089311": "uh mathematically", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00410-00089312-00089503": "go through and kind of iterate over all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00411-00089504-00089662": "the corner cases of the protocol and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00412-00089663-00089799": "that's often pretty effective at finding", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00413-00089800-00089975": "vulnerabilities", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00414-00089976-00090175": "um yeah and they are still used some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00415-00090176-00090318": "people have said i think", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00416-00090319-00090543": "2007 2008 there were a lot of talks", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00417-00090544-00090694": "coming out about buzzing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00418-00090695-00090847": "he was like oh this is really cool but", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00419-00090848-00090967": "it's probably going to die out pretty", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00420-00090968-00091047": "quickly", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00421-00091048-00091199": "because everyone's going to do this and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00422-00091200-00091375": "all the bugs that can be found this way", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00423-00091376-00091494": "will be found", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00424-00091495-00091718": "but 2012 and this method definitely", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00425-00091719-00091862": "still does work and people use it all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00426-00091863-00092103": "the time to find vulnerabilities like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00427-00092104-00092735": "adobe reader and stuff like that um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00428-00092736-00092911": "high falls positive you're going to get", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00429-00092912-00093079": "a lot of crashes only a small subset of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00430-00093080-00093303": "those will actually be exploitable", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00431-00093304-00093599": "another con what i call low quality bugs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00432-00093600-00093767": "generally because if you can program a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00433-00093768-00093999": "computer to just buzz these bugs out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00434-00094000-00094287": "um you know if a fuzzer can find it and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00435-00094288-00094382": "someone else can", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00436-00094383-00094567": "fuzz and find that bug as well so it's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00437-00094568-00094703": "likely the bug isn't going to be very", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00438-00094704-00094847": "long-lived because someone else is just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00439-00094848-00094974": "going to come along and fuzz and find", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00440-00094975-00095111": "that bug as well", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00441-00095112-00095343": "high quality bugs are ones that will go", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00442-00095344-00095511": "a long time without being noticed right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00443-00095512-00095662": "if you have a bug that you found on some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00444-00095663-00095750": "protocol", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00445-00095751-00095918": "and it can be five years where you can", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00446-00095919-00096087": "keep packing people with that bug", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00447-00096088-00096199": "and it's not going to be attached", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00448-00096200-00096294": "because no one's going to find it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00449-00096295-00096606": "because it's really hard to find", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00450-00096607-00096838": "small source codes coverage what i mean", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00451-00096839-00096943": "by this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00452-00096944-00097247": "is that if you have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00453-00097248-00098823": "a application", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00454-00098824-00099174": "that's has some case statement like if x", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00455-00099175-00099623": "equals one two two f a 3", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00456-00099624-00099935": "c s t r", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00457-00099936-00100431": "copy", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00458-00100432-00100615": "um you would probably never find this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00459-00100616-00100743": "buzzing right because", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00460-00100744-00100950": "the stars would have to align just right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00461-00100951-00101111": "and x would have to be this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00462-00101112-00101406": "32-bit value and you know that's only", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00463-00101407-00101543": "gonna happen one every four million", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00464-00101544-00101655": "times so you're probably just never", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00465-00101656-00101735": "going to find", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00466-00101736-00101935": "this buffer overflow if you're reverse", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00467-00101936-00102103": "engineering you would see this right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00468-00102104-00102159": "away", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00469-00102160-00102335": "and you could manually instrument this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00470-00102336-00102518": "value of x to be this and then you get", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00471-00102519-00102694": "to the vulnerability right away", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00472-00102695-00102942": "so buzzing you generally misses stuff", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00473-00102943-00102999": "like this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00474-00103000-00103502": "so it does have some weaknesses there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00475-00103503-00103751": "generally the best approach is to fuzz", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00476-00103752-00103863": "and reverse engineer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00477-00103864-00104047": "simultaneously use reverse engineering", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00478-00104048-00104199": "to improve your buzzer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00479-00104200-00104342": "to make sure you're not missing any", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00480-00104343-00104518": "corner cases like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00481-00104519-00104654": "so it's always best to take a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00482-00104655-00104815": "multi-pronged approach and not limit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00483-00104816-00105158": "yourself", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00484-00105159-00105486": "okay um reverse engineering i'm not", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00485-00105488-00105607": "going to talk about this too much", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00486-00105608-00105831": "too much this is a very effective um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00487-00105832-00105934": "means of finding", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00488-00105935-00106095": "bugs and it's probably the most", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00489-00106096-00106247": "rewarding it feels pretty good when you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00490-00106248-00106366": "reverse engineer some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00491-00106367-00106543": "proprietary protocol and found the bug", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00492-00106544-00106743": "in it um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00493-00106744-00106854": "but it's kind of beyond the scope of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00494-00106855-00106975": "this course because reverse engineering", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00495-00106976-00107119": "is really pretty hard", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00496-00107120-00107366": "and um i'm thinking about maybe seeing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00497-00107367-00107527": "if i can get matt bricks to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00498-00107528-00107671": "co-teach a course with me because he", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00499-00107672-00107799": "does a lot of engineering where we talk", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00500-00107800-00108047": "about reverse engineering just for bugs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00501-00108048-00108190": "as an example if you want to go down", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00502-00108191-00108415": "this field down this path because i'm", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00503-00108416-00108534": "not going to talk about it much i would", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00504-00108535-00108663": "suggest you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00505-00108664-00109015": "get item pro you can get a free version", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00506-00109016-00109295": "put your favorite closed source", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00507-00109296-00109407": "proprietary program", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00508-00109408-00109590": "in there that you want to look for bugs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00509-00109591-00109799": "and then use idapro's crop", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00510-00109800-00110007": "cross reference feature to crop for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00511-00110008-00110158": "cross reference all calls to like string", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00512-00110159-00110263": "copy and s print", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00513-00110264-00110495": "and stuff like that there you go that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00514-00110496-00110683": "will just start you'll find lots of fun", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00515-00110683-00111223": "stuff", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00516-00111224-00111407": "this is a cool example i saw the stock", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00517-00111408-00111631": "at black hat some number of years ago", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00518-00111632-00111799": "that was kind of like automated uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00519-00111800-00111951": "finding a bugs bit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00520-00111952-00112207": "from microsoft catching so what he would", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00521-00112208-00112254": "do", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00522-00112255-00112454": "is that whenever a microsoft patch came", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00523-00112455-00112702": "out he would do a binary dip between the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00524-00112703-00112799": "original", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00525-00112800-00113151": "binary and that got patched and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00526-00113152-00113399": "you know the end result of the patching", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00527-00113400-00113534": "and what he would do is he would notice", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00528-00113535-00113639": "sometimes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00529-00113640-00113807": "he could spot vulnerabilities this way", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00530-00113808-00114015": "for instance if there was an allocation", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00531-00114016-00114127": "like a malloc", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00532-00114128-00114454": "and he saw that some um extra arithmetic", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00533-00114455-00114583": "operations were happening right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00534-00114583-00114839": "right before that he would sort of um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00535-00114840-00115031": "assume that this meant they were doing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00536-00115032-00115158": "balance checking", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00537-00115159-00115302": "right before the allocation to make sure", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00538-00115303-00115423": "there's not an integer overflow or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00539-00115424-00115543": "something like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00540-00115544-00115678": "and he basically wrote all these scripts", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00541-00115679-00115854": "that had a number of heuristics", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00542-00115855-00116166": "that would um score updates based on how", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00543-00116167-00116343": "likely it was they were a vulnerability", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00544-00116344-00116502": "like for instance if you saw that that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00545-00116503-00116654": "string copy was getting", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00546-00116655-00116983": "changed to an str in copy into patching", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00547-00116983-00117183": "that's you know a very strong indication", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00548-00117183-00117310": "that there was a vulnerability they're", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00549-00117311-00117439": "getting hatched", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00550-00117440-00117719": "and then um you know your bug isn't a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00551-00117720-00117799": "zero day", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00552-00117800-00117927": "for instance because it's already been", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00553-00117928-00118110": "patched but", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00554-00118111-00118310": "you know you still have an exploit and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00555-00118311-00118471": "it's likely that most people won't apply", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00556-00118472-00118654": "the patch for some time", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00557-00118655-00118951": "so it would take some someone like me or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00558-00118952-00119015": "someone", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00559-00119016-00119158": "i could probably do in the day someone", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00560-00119159-00119286": "better could probably do it you know in", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00561-00119288-00119431": "a couple hours", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00562-00119432-00119551": "or if you're talking about other", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00563-00119552-00119766": "organizations that take months", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00564-00119767-00119958": "to get patched i mean you can be", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00565-00119959-00120071": "exploiting them", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00566-00120072-00120223": "for months before they actually accept", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00567-00120224-00120358": "the cash it takes a long time for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00568-00120359-00120502": "organizations to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00569-00120503-00120654": "get all their patches installed that's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00570-00120655-00121119": "just the way it is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00571-00121120-00121495": "um yeah that's a close just a little", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00572-00121496-00121631": "brief description of closed source", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00573-00121632-00121919": "monitoring you don't have to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00574-00121920-00122119": "you can't use i mean it's okay for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00575-00122120-00122319": "sculpting if you're doing open source", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00576-00122320-00122471": "analysis right you shouldn't limit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00577-00122472-00122614": "yourself but you know don't only use", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00578-00122615-00122751": "buzzing if you have a source code you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00579-00122752-00122910": "should obviously use that as well", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00580-00122911-00123151": "but um if you're looking at something", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00581-00123152-00123319": "proprietary something closed source", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00582-00123320-00124039": "are basically the options that you have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00583-00124040-00124295": "okay so talk a little about open source", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00584-00124296-00124399": "auditing which is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00585-00124400-00124558": "really what this course is about and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00586-00124559-00124686": "hopefully you guys will be doing this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00587-00124688-00124839": "some eventually for a sponsor or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00588-00124840-00124943": "something like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00589-00124944-00125175": "or for your own source code and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00590-00125176-00125286": "hopefully this will give you some tips", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00591-00125288-00125454": "about what to look for there and improve", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00592-00125455-00125614": "the quality of your code for the quality", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00593-00125615-00126083": "of the sponsor", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00594-00126083-00126495": "so i'll show you that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00595-00126496-00126751": "so manual inspection um some people will", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00596-00126752-00126871": "tell you that no one does manual", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00597-00126872-00127039": "inspection of source code anymore", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00598-00127040-00127239": "that uh all those abilities are found by", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00599-00127240-00127439": "crazy three-set solvers and while", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00600-00127440-00127751": "lots of fun down and 50 000 source good", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00601-00127752-00128086": "analysis tools not true that's just the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00602-00128088-00128151": "way it is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00603-00128152-00128502": "as people are wrong people still find", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00604-00128503-00128710": "bugs with manual inspection in fact some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00605-00128711-00128863": "of the highest quality bugs are still", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00606-00128864-00128999": "found in manual inspections", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00607-00129000-00129286": "because using that method you can find", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00608-00129288-00129366": "really subtle", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00609-00129367-00129966": "subtle bugs that a machine can't find", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00610-00129967-00130110": "so there you go i've already talked", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00611-00130111-00130231": "about this depending on what you're", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00612-00130232-00130343": "auditing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00613-00130344-00130583": "you should um know what you're looking", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00614-00130583-00130695": "for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00615-00130696-00130863": "sponsor projects it's okay to look for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00616-00130864-00131031": "stream copy open ssh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00617-00131032-00131663": "don't bother wasting your time", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00618-00131664-00131887": "okay so rule number one is don't even", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00619-00131888-00131983": "bother looking", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00620-00131984-00132223": "at code that is not touching user", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00621-00132224-00132359": "controlled data okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00622-00132360-00132639": "if there's a vulnerability there um you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00623-00132640-00132687": "know just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00624-00132688-00132878": "doing a screen copy of some like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00625-00132879-00133095": "administrator configuration file", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00626-00133096-00133383": "that doesn't matter that's not your data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00627-00133384-00133599": "you can only find bugs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00628-00133600-00133831": "in the code that is actually handling", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00629-00133832-00134007": "your data in some way right it has to be", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00630-00134008-00134095": "your data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00631-00134096-00134431": "that causes the memory corruption", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00632-00134432-00134735": "for it to really be useful or you have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00633-00134736-00134895": "to be able to get to it with uh with", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00634-00134896-00135047": "your data basically", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00635-00135048-00135351": "um so yeah", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00636-00135352-00135559": "you basically want to look at your", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00637-00135560-00135766": "source code for wherever the user input", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00638-00135767-00135983": "enters it enters into the program like a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00639-00135984-00136175": "read call on a socket", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00640-00136176-00136431": "or a f-read file or something like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00641-00136432-00136614": "and then start drilling down on that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00642-00136615-00136751": "you know you want to limit your scope", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00643-00136752-00136927": "only look at the parts of the program", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00644-00136928-00137335": "that pertain to touching your data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00645-00137336-00137647": "um yeah one", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00646-00137648-00137799": "important thing that a lot of people get", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00647-00137800-00137959": "lost on i think is that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00648-00137960-00138111": "when you're auditing source code put", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00649-00138112-00138278": "yourself in the programmer's shoes try", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00650-00138279-00138399": "to think of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00651-00138400-00138631": "what is this code trying to accomplish", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00652-00138632-00138814": "if i was a programmer how would i design", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00653-00138815-00138927": "and implement this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00654-00138928-00139111": "then finally if i implemented it this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00655-00139112-00139335": "way uh what would the potential problems", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00656-00139336-00139359": "be", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00657-00139360-00139478": "what i find is that if i'm looking at", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00658-00139479-00139687": "source code and i'm thinking of all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00659-00139688-00139743": "right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00660-00139744-00139902": "if i was trying to program this screen", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00661-00139903-00140102": "parsing loop how would i do it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00662-00140103-00140319": "and then with that in mind if i've kind", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00663-00140320-00140478": "of sketched out how i would implement it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00664-00140479-00140623": "it makes a lot more sense about", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00665-00140624-00140943": "what the original programmer was doing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00666-00140944-00141127": "in the source code for that loop and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00667-00141128-00141278": "then once you understand the code it's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00668-00141279-00141390": "slightly easier to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00669-00141391-00141975": "find bugs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00670-00141976-00142143": "um yeah i should have mentioned that as", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00671-00142144-00142343": "well obscure code pass in particular", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00672-00142344-00142614": "obscure features", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00673-00142615-00142911": "remember i told you that if you can hack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00674-00142912-00142999": "it you can crash", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00675-00143000-00143326": "it obscure features often contain", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00676-00143327-00143495": "vulnerabilities compared to like uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00677-00143496-00143687": "main you know features that they use all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00678-00143688-00143943": "the time because", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00679-00143944-00144151": "if the bug is in a code path that is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00680-00144152-00144319": "executed all the time you know say like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00681-00144320-00144375": "your", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00682-00144376-00144623": "mp3 player the uh the codepath", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00683-00144624-00144839": "associated with actually playing mp3s", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00684-00144840-00145054": "that could get hits all the time so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00685-00145055-00145175": "there's a bug in there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00686-00145176-00145471": "it's likely that the crash has already", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00687-00145472-00145535": "been seen", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00688-00145536-00145735": "and reported and the um you know the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00689-00145736-00145887": "developers are aware of it because that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00690-00145888-00146039": "codepath gets hits all the time so it's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00691-00146040-00146239": "likely the bug was triggered", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00692-00146240-00146543": "now let's um talk about the mp2", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00693-00146544-00146711": "code capturing mp3 player which never", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00694-00146712-00146895": "gets used because", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00695-00146896-00147102": "that format or whatever that one might", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00696-00147103-00147383": "contain vulnerabilities just because", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00697-00147384-00147654": "that uh codepath never gets exercised so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00698-00147655-00147743": "no one just uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00699-00147744-00147983": "is there to see and notice the bugs and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00700-00147984-00148119": "crashes and that kind of thing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00701-00148120-00148359": "so always look at obscure features and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00702-00148360-00148559": "those are often one of the acupunctures", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00703-00148560-00148983": "eye", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00704-00148984-00149239": "um yeah here's a couple problem places", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00705-00149240-00149343": "you want to hear", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00706-00149344-00149639": "zone in on manual parsing of user input", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00707-00149640-00149814": "when you see like a complicated for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00708-00149815-00150014": "a while loop that's parsing user data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00709-00150015-00150119": "bite by bite", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00710-00150120-00150359": "and applying some you know complicated", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00711-00150360-00150614": "um state machine kind of logic on it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00712-00150615-00150814": "that often has bugs in it very hard to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00713-00150815-00151014": "understand", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00714-00151015-00151254": "just kind of go through the loop", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00715-00151255-00151319": "manually", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00716-00151320-00151478": "write out the values on a piece of paper", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00717-00151479-00151671": "just figuring out what it's doing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00718-00151672-00151854": "all the corner pieces for the loop but", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00719-00151855-00152054": "whenever you see these manual parsing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00720-00152055-00152375": "by by parsing of user data often a lot", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00721-00152376-00152502": "of bugs there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00722-00152503-00152695": "places where balance checking is already", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00723-00152696-00152895": "occurring like i showed you before", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00724-00152896-00153078": "if there's balance checking there it's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00725-00153079-00153207": "likely the developers know there's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00726-00153208-00153311": "potentially a problem", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00727-00153312-00153566": "and often times they didn't do the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00728-00153567-00153751": "balance checking completely", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00729-00153752-00153959": "sufficiently there's still some room for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00730-00153960-00154159": "error there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00731-00154160-00154407": "these are controlled integers uh this is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00732-00154408-00154566": "my personal favorite wherever you can", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00733-00154567-00154599": "see", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00734-00154600-00154751": "data coming in from the attacker that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00735-00154752-00154951": "uses an integer like in arithmetic", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00736-00154952-00155047": "operations", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00737-00155048-00155295": "especially in uh integers that are used", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00738-00155296-00155454": "for like memory allocations", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00739-00155455-00155678": "definitely look at these think about", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00740-00155679-00155766": "what would", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00741-00155767-00155926": "be the result of this code if my integer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00742-00155927-00156183": "was very big very small if it was zero", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00743-00156184-00156743": "those kind of corner cases", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00744-00156744-00157014": "documentation back in the day this was", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00745-00157015-00157078": "um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00746-00157079-00157239": "when i used to like looking at open", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00747-00157240-00157390": "source projects for bugs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00748-00157391-00157551": "it's one of my personal favorites and i", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00749-00157552-00157719": "know other people use it as well", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00750-00157720-00157999": "you scan the comments the documentation", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00751-00158000-00158119": "for um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00752-00158120-00158366": "things like crash doesn't work not right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00753-00158367-00158526": "question marks xxx", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00754-00158527-00158766": "stuff like that you'd be surprised what", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00755-00158767-00158983": "you'll find oftentimes the developers", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00756-00158984-00159126": "are aware that some block of code does", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00757-00159127-00159295": "not quite work", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00758-00159296-00159519": "or that there could be a problem or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00759-00159520-00159647": "you'll see something like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00760-00159648-00159902": "why does this work in question marks and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00761-00159903-00160014": "um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00762-00160015-00160183": "you can look at it and find books", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00763-00160184-00160366": "because let's be realistic we've all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00764-00160367-00160519": "worked on projects where there was some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00765-00160520-00160687": "really gnarly piece of code that did", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00766-00160688-00160839": "something complicated", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00767-00160840-00161119": "and um no one wanted to touch it because", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00768-00161120-00161214": "you know you didn't want to break", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00769-00161215-00161278": "everything", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00770-00161279-00161447": "so they're like okay i have no idea what", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00771-00161448-00161663": "the hell that does uh i don't understand", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00772-00161664-00161799": "it i'm just going to leave it alone", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00773-00161800-00162071": "because um old bob the programming", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00774-00162072-00162223": "department left the company seven years", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00775-00162224-00162375": "ago and no one understands this code but", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00776-00162376-00162511": "no one wants to break this so let's just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00777-00162512-00162639": "leave it alone", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00778-00162640-00162847": "so you'll see comments kind of like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00779-00162848-00162990": "those are things places you definitely", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00780-00162991-00163183": "want to look at", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00781-00163184-00163390": "also like on message boards and stuff", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00782-00163391-00163543": "like that the documentation will", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00783-00163544-00163623": "straight up tell you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00784-00163624-00163799": "there's currently a bug in this feature", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00785-00163800-00163999": "you know it's crashing if this happens", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00786-00164000-00164151": "and sometimes uh you know where the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00787-00164152-00164295": "crashes happen you want to look there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00788-00164296-00164431": "and you'll find like a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00789-00164432-00164935": "vulnerability", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00790-00164936-00165151": "yeah this is a one of my favorite slides", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00791-00165152-00165351": "to class", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00792-00165352-00165647": "this source code was um the cause of a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00793-00165648-00165799": "severe vulnerability that was in pearl", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00794-00165800-00165895": "for a long time", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00795-00165896-00166023": "and it was discovered because someone", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00796-00166024-00166207": "was auditing the project", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00797-00166208-00166423": "and they came along and they saw this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00798-00166424-00166566": "comment and they", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00799-00166567-00166799": "were like what and they saw the comment", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00800-00166800-00166878": "they decided to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00801-00166879-00167007": "sort of reason about that block they", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00802-00167008-00167190": "could a little bit more", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00803-00167191-00167575": "and then um because they saw that and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00804-00167576-00167719": "sat there and thought on it for a while", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00805-00167720-00167943": "longer they came up with their crushing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00806-00167944-00168159": "vulnerability from pearl that was around", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00807-00168160-00168519": "a while ago so kind of funny", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00808-00168520-00168759": "it's obvious the original developer knew", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00809-00168760-00168926": "something was up", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00810-00168927-00169543": "i guess he thought it was funny", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00811-00169544-00169766": "uh yeah so bugs that have already been", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00812-00169767-00169990": "patched often times the uh the patch", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00813-00169991-00170183": "from the mentor was not sufficient", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00814-00170184-00170335": "okay the vendor will come up and catch", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00815-00170336-00170471": "something but they didn't really", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00816-00170472-00170654": "completely fix the issue", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00817-00170655-00170823": "so when something gets patched that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00818-00170824-00170935": "doesn't mean you shouldn't look at it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00819-00170936-00171063": "because it's been attached", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00820-00171064-00171231": "and you should especially look at it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00821-00171232-00171478": "because there might still be a problem", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00822-00171479-00171878": "and sometimes you'll see like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00823-00171879-00172095": "something like an str copy but buffer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00824-00172096-00172223": "overflow gets fixed or something like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00825-00172224-00172414": "that they'll come out with the patch", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00826-00172415-00172551": "that's like okay there's a patch for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00827-00172552-00172766": "that and that same", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00828-00172767-00172935": "instance of the buffer overflow that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00829-00172936-00173199": "same kind of like sqr copy logic is kind", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00830-00173200-00173278": "of like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00831-00173279-00173447": "dispersed all throughout their source", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00832-00173448-00173614": "code and they go and they only fix", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00833-00173615-00173838": "one instance of it right it just fixed", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00834-00173839-00173959": "the one that that person wrote the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00835-00173960-00174031": "exploit for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00836-00174032-00174183": "but there's still like 100 instances of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00837-00174184-00174359": "that same bad block of code", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00838-00174360-00174575": "so whenever you see patches coming out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00839-00174576-00174663": "for a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00840-00174664-00174823": "product it's likely that there are other", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00841-00174824-00174999": "similar bugs out there or that the patch", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00842-00175000-00175135": "wasn't even good enough to fix the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00843-00175136-00175511": "existing issue", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00844-00175512-00175719": "okay so yeah i can't really give you a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00845-00175720-00175878": "formula for finding bugs it's something", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00846-00175879-00175990": "that you have to um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00847-00175991-00176238": "you know spend time doing it's something", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00848-00176239-00176375": "i'm actively trying to make myself", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00849-00176376-00176511": "better at there's obviously", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00850-00176512-00176631": "there's people out there a lot better", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00851-00176632-00176887": "than me but really has come to the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00852-00176888-00176983": "experience", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00853-00176984-00177159": "you just have to do this and see what", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00854-00177160-00177423": "you can find but at the end of the day", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00855-00177424-00177559": "you really have to understand the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00856-00177560-00177743": "product and the code that you are", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00857-00177744-00177807": "auditing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00858-00177808-00178063": "if you understand the code better than", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00859-00178064-00178238": "the original programmers themselves", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00860-00178239-00178407": "which is often what it takes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00861-00178408-00178599": "then you will find bugs in the product", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00862-00178600-00178711": "okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00863-00178712-00179063": "so there's no cheating", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00864-00179064-00179247": "you have to spend the time to understand", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00865-00179248-00179438": "the code", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00866-00179439-00179583": "a lot of times it's not fun but that's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00867-00179584-00180063": "just the way it is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00868-00180064-00180454": "okay so that was a little bit about", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00869-00180455-00180683": "finding looking for software", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00870-00180684-00180854": "vulnerabilities now we're going to talk", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00871-00180855-00181023": "about exploit mitigation technologies", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00872-00181024-00181119": "and i'll try to move through this a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00873-00181120-00181183": "little bit quick", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00874-00181184-00181438": "since you guys uh wanted to get more on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00875-00181439-00181638": "the return to oc stuff", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00876-00181639-00181814": "so at this point people know that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00877-00181815-00181959": "software vulnerabilities are never going", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00878-00181960-00182007": "away", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00879-00182008-00182207": "people have pretty much given up on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00880-00182208-00182351": "trying to get rid of bugs", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00881-00182352-00182471": "so instead of getting rid of trying to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00882-00182472-00182590": "get rid of bugs they're trying to get", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00883-00182591-00182711": "rid of exploits", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00884-00182712-00182871": "they know that bugs are always going to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00885-00182872-00183119": "be there they can't get rid of them", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00886-00183120-00183319": "but what they can do is implement some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00887-00183320-00183463": "stuff in the operating system to make it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00888-00183464-00183599": "less likely the exploits", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00889-00183600-00183919": "will work things like aslr and deb", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00890-00183920-00184102": "aslr and deb do not address the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00891-00184103-00184302": "underlying issues they just try to make", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00892-00184303-00184366": "the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00893-00184367-00185095": "exploit that abuses that bug fail", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00894-00185096-00185407": "okay so um yeah the uh the main feature", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00895-00185408-00185551": "we've been exploiting in this class is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00896-00185552-00185631": "that we can point", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00897-00185632-00185975": "eip at data regions in the in the um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00898-00185976-00186175": "processor so we're pointing eip like the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00899-00186176-00186447": "stack okay or we're reporting eip at the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00900-00186448-00186519": "heap", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00901-00186520-00186711": "which is a little bit strange because", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00902-00186712-00186926": "these regions typically store only data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00903-00186927-00187278": "not code however the pc the x86", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00904-00187279-00187423": "architecture is designed in such a way", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00905-00187424-00187575": "that it makes no distinction between", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00906-00187576-00187775": "code working at a two-point eip", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00907-00187776-00188031": "wherever you want to the cpu is going to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00908-00188032-00188143": "try to um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00909-00188144-00188335": "start executing that code it doesn't", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00910-00188336-00188535": "matter", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00911-00188536-00188799": "so one of the first real explant", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00912-00188800-00188966": "mitigation technologies that we saw came", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00913-00188967-00189063": "out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00914-00189064-00189343": "trying to remedy that and it set some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00915-00189344-00189559": "rules on okay the eip can't point at", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00916-00189560-00189711": "this where it can't point that bit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00917-00189712-00189895": "or that in particular they targeted the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00918-00189896-00190071": "stack and they tried", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00919-00190072-00190238": "they basically reprogrammed the linux", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00920-00190239-00190390": "page volt handler so that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00921-00190391-00190590": "if eip ever pointed at the stack it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00922-00190591-00190719": "would cause an exception it wouldn't", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00923-00190720-00190783": "work", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00924-00190784-00190966": "so you could just point the eip as show", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00925-00190967-00191526": "code on the stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00926-00191527-00191743": "so the problem was that there was no", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00927-00191744-00191926": "real hardware support for this type of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00928-00191927-00192054": "feature since", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00929-00192055-00192359": "the underlying system made no attempt to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00930-00192360-00192543": "discern between code and data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00931-00192544-00192743": "so to force it to do that you they had", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00932-00192744-00192911": "to program this really gnarly hack on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00933-00192912-00193111": "top of the cage bulk handler", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00934-00193112-00193335": "as a result it was kind of buggy or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00935-00193336-00193511": "there's some performance overhead issues", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00936-00193512-00193654": "so no one really adopted it it wasn't", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00937-00193655-00194143": "accepted into the linux kernel", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00938-00194144-00194423": "so not widely adopted however this was", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00939-00194424-00194502": "back in the day", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00940-00194503-00194807": "and now chip providers even uh the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00941-00194808-00195031": "latest x86 ones have for a while have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00942-00195032-00195175": "hardware support", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00943-00195176-00195454": "for determining whether or not uh it is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00944-00195455-00195566": "code or data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00945-00195567-00195838": "so there's hardware support for saying", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00946-00195839-00196007": "processor can go here or processor", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00947-00196008-00196207": "cannot go here this has significantly", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00948-00196208-00196414": "increased the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00949-00196415-00196678": "deployment of depth by technologies and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00950-00196679-00196919": "no execute stack so that you can't just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00951-00196920-00197087": "have channel code on the stack in a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00952-00197088-00197287": "local stack buffer and then point eip at", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00953-00197288-00197319": "it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00954-00197320-00197519": "the processor will um has hardware", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00955-00197520-00198502": "support for preventing it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00956-00198503-00198695": "here's an example this time i was on my", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00957-00198696-00198823": "windows xp laptop", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00958-00198824-00199095": "i created some data just contains no ops", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00959-00199096-00199135": "i", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00960-00199136-00199350": "try to point eip at it and then i get an", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00961-00199351-00199478": "exception basically because the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00962-00199479-00199671": "processor is saying no no no", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00963-00199672-00200014": "you're trying to execute a data segment", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00964-00200015-00200190": "i like its code and i don't know well", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00965-00200191-00200814": "that because that's it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00966-00200815-00201054": "yeah so um that was pretty much", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00967-00201055-00201175": "worthless on its own", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00968-00201176-00201383": "and my next class will actually build an", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00969-00201384-00201535": "exploit that bypasses all the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00970-00201536-00201743": "exploit mitigations that windows xp has", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00971-00201744-00201895": "to offer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00972-00201896-00202199": "not too hard to do uh it just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00973-00202200-00202495": "you know makes your life as an exploiter", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00974-00202496-00202743": "makes your work more important", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00975-00202744-00202895": "what's funny here is that the guy that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00976-00202896-00203087": "actually programmed and suggested the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00977-00203088-00203199": "original no execute", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00978-00203200-00203543": "stack uh mitigation also", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00979-00203544-00203871": "came up with the um the bypass for it so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00980-00203872-00204063": "he developed the attack and the defense", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00981-00204064-00204302": "sold back like 2002 that's one time", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00982-00204303-00204519": "pretty smart guy", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00983-00204520-00204750": "he had a lot of like really interesting", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00984-00204751-00204927": "ideas back in", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00985-00204928-00205606": "2000 2001 1999", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00986-00205607-00205710": "and i don't know what happened to him", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00987-00205711-00205894": "but a lot of the really cool exploit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00988-00205896-00206038": "research back then", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00989-00206039-00206366": "he was the source of it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00990-00206367-00207023": "his name was solar designer question", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00991-00207023-00207398": "so yeah don't think about this i i", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00992-00207400-00207631": "don't like the way i'm phrasing this we", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00993-00207632-00207751": "are going to think about", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00994-00207752-00208014": "exploiting this without executing any", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00995-00208015-00208190": "code on the stack so we're going to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00996-00208191-00208358": "think about exploiting this with no", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00997-00208359-00208575": "shelter okay no shell code at all", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00998-00208576-00208727": "but we still want it to spawn a shell", "jGI33E4lFbQ-00999-00208728-00208910": "force", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01000-00208911-00209079": "we have already done this you just don't", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01001-00209080-00209358": "realize it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01002-00209359-00209623": "in the original simple login program we", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01003-00209623-00209751": "spawned a shell", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01004-00209752-00209982": "like this and we did not execute any", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01005-00209983-00210167": "shell code okay we did not put any shell", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01006-00210167-00210279": "kit on the stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01007-00210280-00210591": "and then point eip we just returned", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01008-00210592-00210879": "to this function go to shell which um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01009-00210880-00210958": "luckily", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01010-00210959-00211375": "existed in the process address space", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01011-00211376-00211710": "and uh spawned a shelf for us", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01012-00211711-00211863": "but i mean this kind of thing doesn't", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01013-00211864-00212119": "exist in real applications right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01014-00212119-00212327": "well it turns out that it basically does", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01015-00212328-00212551": "okay and that's what we're going to use", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01016-00212552-00212855": "this type of code exists in the standard", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01017-00212856-00213151": "libsy library which is automatically", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01018-00213152-00213351": "injected into all of your processes of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01019-00213352-00213415": "linux", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01020-00213416-00213558": "and windows has similar stuff and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01021-00213559-00213751": "similar dlls that automatically get put", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01022-00213752-00213823": "into", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01023-00213823-00214031": "your process address space and you can", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01024-00214032-00214191": "just balance off those to spawn a shell", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01025-00214192-00214334": "or do your bidding", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01026-00214335-00214446": "it's the beginning of what we call", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01027-00214448-00214623": "return oriented programming which i'll", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01028-00214623-00214758": "get into a little bit more on exploits", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01029-00214759-00215175": "too", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01030-00215176-00215510": "okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01031-00215511-00215910": "so whether or not you called something", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01032-00215911-00216134": "like um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01033-00216135-00216358": "like even if you call the simplest pro", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01034-00216359-00216510": "like simplest function in fact pretty", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01035-00216511-00216646": "much no matter what you mean if you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01036-00216648-00216742": "don't call any", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01037-00216744-00216919": "ellipsis functions lipstick is still", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01038-00216919-00217046": "going to end up in your process", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01039-00217048-00217351": "all right so this was a very simple", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01040-00217352-00217815": "buffer overflow program small buff dot c", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01041-00217816-00218127": "and in it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01042-00218128-00218239": "you can see the only thing i'm really", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01043-00218240-00218479": "calling a string copy called string copy", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01044-00218480-00218591": "that's the only lipstick function i'll", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01045-00218592-00218734": "be using however", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01046-00218735-00218903": "all these other lipstick functions", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01047-00218904-00219071": "automatically get put into my process", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01048-00219071-00219279": "address space", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01049-00219280-00219415": "just because the operating system is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01050-00219416-00219598": "automatically", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01051-00219600-00219831": "putting all those functions like this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01052-00219832-00219998": "big block of functionality into", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01053-00220000-00220319": "my program even though i don't need", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01054-00220319-00220527": "um i'm only using like point zero one", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01055-00220528-00220734": "percent of it i still get all sort of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01056-00220735-00220998": "handy-dandy stuff to use and it turns", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01057-00221000-00221055": "out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01058-00221056-00221382": "i can just return to one of these", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01059-00221383-00221551": "functions", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01060-00221552-00221823": "so for instance the system function the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01061-00221823-00221975": "system lib c function", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01062-00221976-00222206": "will just execute any command we pass as", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01063-00222207-00222479": "an argument so if we did system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01064-00222480-00222710": "ls would execute the ls command or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01065-00222711-00222894": "system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01066-00222896-00223151": "to execute the slash and suspension so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01067-00223152-00223375": "we're just going to return", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01068-00223376-00223758": "to the system function and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01069-00223759-00223951": "orchestrate the stack so that it looks", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01070-00223952-00224142": "like the argument for system is slash", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01071-00224144-00224406": "pin slash sh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01072-00224407-00224758": "okay and if we do that we will have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01073-00224759-00224967": "spawn to shell and not use any shell", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01074-00224967-00225215": "code so we have not executed anything on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01075-00225216-00225310": "the stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01076-00225311-00225623": "and so depth will um you know not of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01077-00225623-00225710": "care at all it's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01078-00225711-00226319": "all good", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01079-00226319-00226655": "okay so we need to talk about", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01080-00226656-00226846": "what the stack is supposed to look like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01081-00226848-00227046": "when a function is executed", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01082-00227048-00227167": "all right before we're gonna pull this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01083-00227167-00227479": "off so what we basically want to happen", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01084-00227480-00227591": "is what you see here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01085-00227592-00227863": "on the um the right hand side we want to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01086-00227864-00228071": "return", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01087-00228071-00228310": "to system and basically execute this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01088-00228311-00228510": "right so we're going to overflow", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01089-00228511-00228687": "overflow of buffer set return address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01090-00228688-00228887": "equal to system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01091-00228888-00229055": "and then we want the system function to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01092-00229056-00229191": "execute slash bin", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01093-00229192-00229615": "sh so how do we set this up", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01094-00229616-00229791": "first of all how do we pass arguments to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01095-00229792-00229951": "systems how do we make sure slash bench", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01096-00229952-00230127": "association is the argument", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01097-00230128-00230271": "the best way to do that is to compile", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01098-00230271-00230487": "this and just kind of uh look at what's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01099-00230488-00230598": "going on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01100-00230600-00231023": "when this is called legitimately so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01101-00231023-00231351": "with lib c when you pass arguments to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01102-00231352-00231494": "functions you basically just push them", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01103-00231496-00231694": "onto the stack okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01104-00231696-00231887": "so there's only one argument for system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01105-00231888-00232094": "so we just have slash bin", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01106-00232096-00232334": "sage on the stack not the actual string", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01107-00232335-00232519": "but the pointer to the string", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01108-00232519-00232767": "all right a pointer to slash bits on the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01109-00232767-00232919": "stage not these actual characters on the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01110-00232919-00233294": "stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01111-00233296-00233631": "so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01112-00233632-00234319": "another thing you want to think about is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01113-00234319-00234751": "what exactly does a stack look like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01114-00234752-00234951": "when we return to a function in that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01115-00234952-00235063": "manner what does the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01116-00235064-00235679": "function expect the stack to look like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01117-00235680-00235951": "so when we execute something like the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01118-00235952-00237031": "system function", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01119-00237032-00237334": "the stack is the function", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01120-00237335-00239982": "expects the stack to look like this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01121-00239983-00240191": "so you have your argument your return", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01122-00240192-00240358": "address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01123-00240359-00240534": "that is what is expecting the stack to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01124-00240535-00240734": "look like the um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01125-00240735-00240951": "what your two slash pin slash sh just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01126-00240952-00241087": "because it's assuming that you're", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01127-00241088-00241246": "pushing that onto the stack before like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01128-00241248-00241367": "you see that call", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01129-00241367-00241639": "push eax and call it expects the return", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01130-00241640-00241791": "address to get here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01131-00241792-00242046": "because it normally expects to have gone", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01132-00242048-00242223": "to the system function where it only", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01133-00242223-00242351": "expects to have gone to the system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01134-00242352-00242551": "function by means of a call", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01135-00242552-00242758": "all right it's always assuming the call", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01136-00242759-00242879": "function has pushed", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01137-00242880-00243046": "the return address onto the stack as", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01138-00243048-00243198": "well so when", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01139-00243200-00243455": "you return to the system function it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01140-00243456-00243682": "expects a stack to be laid out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01141-00243683-00243967": "exactly this way", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01142-00243967-00244206": "return address pointer to slash pin", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01143-00244207-00244310": "classification", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01144-00244311-00244446": "so if we're going to return to the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01145-00244448-00244606": "system function get it to execute our", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01146-00244607-00244679": "shell", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01147-00244680-00244823": "we have to make it so that the stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01148-00244823-00245046": "looks exactly like this at the point", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01149-00245048-00245327": "where we return to the the system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01150-00245328-00245503": "function", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01151-00245504-00245830": "that's exactly what we're going to do", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01152-00245831-00246246": "so what we will be exploiting for this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01153-00246248-00246287": "last", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01154-00246288-00246879": "lab is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01155-00246880-00247255": "small above and let's use a tcc to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01156-00247256-00247406": "compile this i think i've kind of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01157-00247407-00247527": "forgotten", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01158-00247528-00249282": "that i use tcc", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01159-00249283-00249623": "uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01160-00249623-00249934": "here's our game plan", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01161-00249935-00250615": "we're going to overflow", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01162-00250616-00250823": "16 bytes to overflow above okay we're", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01163-00250823-00250982": "going to completely smash up", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01164-00250983-00251158": "just like we've done before we're going", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01165-00251159-00251342": "to write four more bytes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01166-00251344-00251527": "to overwrite the same frame pointer it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01167-00251528-00251719": "doesn't matter with writing junk", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01168-00251719-00251887": "the next four bytes is where we're", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01169-00251888-00252046": "writing the return address so we're", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01170-00252048-00252198": "going to change", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01171-00252200-00252327": "we're going to write the return address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01172-00252328-00252606": "with the address of the system function", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01173-00252607-00252934": "all right after", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01174-00252935-00253151": "the address of the system function we", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01175-00253152-00253375": "have to make it look like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01176-00253376-00253655": "what i have on the board there because", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01177-00253656-00253830": "what the stack is going to look like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01178-00253831-00254182": "is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01179-00254183-00257682": "we have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01180-00257683-00258063": "so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01181-00258064-00258239": "all right so here's what happened guys", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01182-00258240-00258446": "here's what happens", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01183-00258448-00258758": "this is my stack where the main function", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01184-00258759-00259079": "is executing right we have esp", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01185-00259080-00259551": "pointing down here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01186-00259552-00259823": "okay everyone got that esp is down here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01187-00259823-00260087": "pointing at the beginning of above", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01188-00260088-00260230": "that's our only local variable on there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01189-00260231-00260406": "everyone with me so far", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01190-00260407-00260703": "okay we get to the point where main is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01191-00260704-00260951": "going to return", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01192-00260952-00261151": "the program starts to peel back the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01193-00261152-00261527": "stack frame", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01194-00261528-00261927": "let's cross that out esp points to here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01195-00261928-00262287": "restores its saved frame pointer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01196-00262288-00262591": "plan we just overrode this with like b's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01197-00262592-00262903": "so like we'll just say a a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01198-00262904-00263215": "a b b", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01199-00263216-00263527": "b over right without junk", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01200-00263528-00263815": "we're going to set this this is stone", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01201-00263816-00264063": "stack we're setting this equals to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01202-00264064-00264255": "system the address of the system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01203-00264256-00264655": "function", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01204-00264656-00265439": "so pops edp equals this at this point", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01205-00265440-00265695": "the stack moves up we're just still in", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01206-00265696-00265791": "that main", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01207-00265792-00266082": "functions epilogue peeling back a stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01208-00266083-00266247": "frame", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01209-00266248-00266358": "now we're at the point where the main", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01210-00266359-00266510": "function is going to return and we take", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01211-00266511-00266615": "control of eip", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01212-00266616-00266934": "all right we do pop eip via the return", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01213-00266935-00267199": "instruction", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01214-00267200-00267991": "esp ends up here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01215-00267992-00268823": "we are now executing system so eip", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01216-00268824-00269023": "equals system and look what the stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01217-00269024-00269287": "looks like we have a um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01218-00269288-00269582": "bogus return address i should have put", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01219-00269583-00269751": "this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01220-00269752-00269919": "because this is something that we put on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01221-00269920-00270255": "the stack okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01222-00270256-00270543": "we have a pointer to slash bin slots sh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01223-00270544-00270719": "that we will put on the stack as well", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01224-00270720-00270967": "via our overflow", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01225-00270968-00271327": "and then the return instruction is made", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01226-00271328-00271615": "eip equal to system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01227-00271616-00271839": "systems view of the stack is this which", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01228-00271840-00271975": "is exactly what it's supposed to look", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01229-00271976-00272151": "like it has this bogus return address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01230-00272152-00272327": "that we can put on the stack for it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01231-00272328-00272527": "and then a pointer to slash pencil stage", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01232-00272528-00272639": "for its argument", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01233-00272640-00272871": "and then bam it's just like we have done", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01234-00272872-00273295": "a call we have turned our vulnerable", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01235-00273296-00273487": "program into one that is called systems", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01236-00273488-00273558": "that hits us", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01237-00273559-00273855": "sh so if this is running as user id root", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01238-00273856-00274103": "we would have a root showing system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01239-00274104-00274247": "so this is what we're going to do to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01240-00274248-00274447": "exploit small bow", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01241-00274448-00274847": "first we have to discover", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01242-00274848-00275663": "do you think we've got to find out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01243-00275664-00276006": "one address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01244-00276007-00277558": "of system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01245-00277559-00278682": "two address of slash pins", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01246-00278683-00279175": "sh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01247-00279176-00279623": "you say address i mean hexadecimal", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01248-00279624-00279887": "code of that string uh not the code for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01249-00279888-00280023": "that string but an actual", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01250-00280024-00280263": "pointer to this screen okay so let's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01251-00280264-00280506": "assume that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01252-00280507-00280679": "ox11223344", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01253-00280680-00280847": "start that address as this string we", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01254-00280848-00281030": "would want the actual one one two two", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01255-00281031-00281191": "three three four four so you have to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01256-00281192-00281482": "store it and then give you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01257-00281483-00281815": "yes talk about that in a second", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01258-00281816-00282215": "three see what else is unknown for us", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01259-00282216-00282375": "here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01260-00282376-00282882": "what to use for the return address bogus", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01261-00282883-00284047": "returns", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01262-00284048-00284247": "okay who can tell me what the address of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01263-00284248-00284727": "system is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01264-00284728-00285030": "what you should do is because we are not", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01265-00285031-00285127": "in an aslr", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01266-00285128-00285351": "environment the address of system will", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01267-00285352-00285519": "be the same each time you run the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01268-00285520-00285727": "program", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01269-00285728-00286047": "okay so compile small buff", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01270-00286048-00286254": "set a breakpoint in the main function", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01271-00286255-00286415": "run it and then do", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01272-00286416-00286782": "like um x slash i system or something", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01273-00286783-00286951": "like that it will tell you the address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01274-00286952-00290527": "of the system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01275-00290528-00290879": "got it okay so mike has got the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01276-00290880-00291079": "answer i want you all to confirm that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01277-00291080-00291303": "you get the same thing though", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01278-00291304-00291687": "question keith uh um x slash i and then", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01279-00291688-00291943": "system the word system yeah they can", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01280-00291944-00292054": "figure that out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01281-00292055-00292367": "that it's referring to lipsey yes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01282-00292368-00292734": "mine's just a symbol system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01283-00292735-00292919": "did you uh run the program and set a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01284-00292920-00293103": "breakpoint in the middle", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01285-00293104-00293439": "yes did you have the command you used", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01286-00293440-00293782": "um breakpoint and then i just did x", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01287-00293783-00294367": "not next question i did next slash", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01288-00294368-00294567": "okay all right all right so what is the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01289-00294568-00294734": "address that you guys all got", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01290-00294735-00294919": "actually let's just start with uh five", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01291-00294920-00295023": "and see if everyone got the same thing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01292-00295024-00295095": "what'd you get like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01293-00295096-00295406": "eighty-nine zero c e c", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01294-00295407-00296423": "e nine zero c", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01295-00296424-00296854": "what did you guys get the same one", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01296-00296855-00297351": "ah interesting um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01297-00297352-00297623": "here mike restart the program and then", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01298-00297624-00297751": "do the same command and tell us what you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01299-00297752-00299919": "get again", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01300-00299920-00300087": "okay i want everyone to do that restart", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01301-00300088-00300271": "the program and do the command again", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01302-00300272-00301534": "just make sure you get the same address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01303-00301535-00301654": "just want to make sure that i didn't", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01304-00301655-00301879": "accidentally uh leave on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01305-00301880-00302254": "slr on these vms dave same address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01306-00302255-00302430": "okay so i'll just write down that i'll", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01307-00302431-00302599": "use mike's address then but this will be", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01308-00302600-00302734": "different depending on the address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01309-00302735-00302943": "system for your particular virtual", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01310-00302944-00303254": "machine just keep that in mind", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01311-00303255-00303503": "okay pointer to slash pins.ch anyone", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01312-00303504-00303847": "have any ideas here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01313-00303848-00304175": "this one's kind of tricky so um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01314-00304176-00304367": "it turns out that this string would just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01315-00304368-00304582": "exist in the lipstick library somewhere", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01316-00304583-00304775": "like in sludge you know the slash pin", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01317-00304776-00304934": "slash sensation just appears somewhere", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01318-00304935-00305071": "in the lipstick library and you can use", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01319-00305072-00305223": "the pointer to the screen there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01320-00305224-00305582": "however to make things more clear", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01321-00305583-00306182": "notice that i put um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01322-00306183-00306703": "some code in here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01323-00306704-00306863": "to tell me what the address of the first", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01324-00306864-00307006": "command line argument is for a second", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01325-00307007-00307110": "command line right here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01326-00307111-00307439": "so if i do", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01327-00307440-00307767": "small dub slash pin slush sh like this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01328-00307768-00308327": "the address of slash pin plus sh is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01329-00308328-00308510": "all right so this gives us a free", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01330-00308511-00309063": "pointer to the slash ssh screen", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01331-00309064-00309215": "now in a real exploit you would go", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01332-00309216-00309391": "digging through the application for a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01333-00309392-00309463": "you know", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01334-00309464-00309663": "a legitimate pointer to slash pin slash", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01335-00309664-00309847": "sh to make things more uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01336-00309848-00310071": "clear we're just manually forcing in the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01337-00310072-00310239": "slash button slash s8 string and the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01338-00310240-00310582": "program tells us what the pointer is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01339-00310583-00310863": "everyone with this marquee just to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01340-00310864-00311039": "understand what happens", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01341-00311040-00311287": "the fact that you wrote that string on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01342-00311288-00311487": "the command line and um and put it in an", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01343-00311488-00311647": "argument in a program that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01344-00311648-00311879": "automatically allocated a memory spot", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01345-00311880-00311975": "yeah and gave you that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01346-00311976-00312191": "exactly yeah the operating system is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01347-00312192-00312534": "kind enough to dead for us", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01348-00312535-00312734": "yeah the operating system does many nice", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01349-00312735-00312887": "things for us some of which can be used", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01350-00312888-00313143": "for exploitation", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01351-00313144-00313439": "so my address here this will change as", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01352-00313440-00313599": "you're working on your payload so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01353-00313600-00313799": "make sure you're not just keeping a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01354-00313800-00313943": "static value here it's going to change a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01355-00313944-00315647": "little bit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01356-00315648-00315775": "what should i pay for this do you have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01357-00315776-00316254": "any ideas", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01358-00316255-00316782": "it could be nice", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01359-00316783-00317079": "yeah that would be interesting um that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01360-00317080-00317215": "would probably work out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01361-00317216-00317415": "you should try that um this can't be", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01362-00317416-00317623": "anything and basically what this means", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01363-00317624-00318439": "is that after you exit the system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01364-00318440-00318671": "what you commonly see is put the address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01365-00318672-00318934": "and exit here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01366-00318935-00319199": "so whatever that address is for you you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01367-00319200-00319295": "can put that in there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01368-00319296-00319919": "it doesn't matter they use both sides", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01369-00319920-00320303": "so i want you guys to work on exploiting", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01370-00320304-00320682": "small buff as your last lap of the day", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01371-00320683-00320895": "um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01372-00320896-00321063": "and spend a few minutes on it based on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01373-00321064-00321175": "the information i've given you here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01374-00321176-00321263": "before i started", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01375-00321264-00321471": "working out the payload myself on the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01376-00321472-00321582": "door i'm going to see if you guys", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01377-00321583-00322430": "are done", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01378-00322431-00323482": "can you count your value per system yeah", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01379-00323483-00324882": "sure", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01380-00324883-00325919": "points", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01381-00325920-00326230": "so um yeah sorry we got something", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01382-00326231-00326415": "messed up a little bit the address of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01383-00326416-00326606": "system isn't actually eight", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01384-00326607-00326958": "nine zero ceca three right it's actually", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01385-00326959-00327119": "the one on the left uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01386-00327120-00327519": "b seven e b c four zero", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01387-00327520-00327727": "yeah sorry that was my bad i should have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01388-00327728-00328854": "got that one", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01389-00328855-00331767": "oh yeah", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01390-00331768-00333839": "let's go", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01391-00333840-00333967": "for those of you that really like this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01392-00333968-00334215": "material and you want to um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01393-00334216-00334382": "we're going to return to programming or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01394-00334383-00334527": "at least reason about it i would", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01395-00334528-00334703": "challenge you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01396-00334704-00335006": "to uh right now", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01397-00335007-00335247": "you know how to successfully chain two", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01398-00335248-00335430": "lipstick holes together system and then", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01399-00335431-00335495": "exit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01400-00335496-00335630": "since we're forcing in that return", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01401-00335631-00335815": "address think about how you would make", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01402-00335816-00336082": "it execute", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01403-00336083-00336430": "three", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01404-00336431-00336623": "is anyone uh really lost and needs some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01405-00336624-00336758": "more guidance for us everyone have a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01406-00336759-00336887": "general idea of what we're trying to do", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01407-00336888-00337119": "here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01408-00337120-00337319": "i forgot about on a stack when you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01409-00337320-00337503": "declare a local variable if it's a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01410-00337504-00337895": "char how was the size of the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01411-00337896-00338247": "placement on the stack so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01412-00338248-00338663": "this one is 16 bytes right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01413-00338664-00338982": "right that's the size of the so that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01414-00338983-00339078": "whole", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01415-00339079-00339351": "it's not an address that is just put on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01416-00339352-00339406": "there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01417-00339407-00339591": "no there's actually 16 bytes of data", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01418-00339592-00339734": "outdated on the stack you'll see like a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01419-00339735-00339895": "sub esp16", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01420-00339896-00340078": "i'm going to create that uh 16 by", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01421-00340079-00340415": "reaching this facebook stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01422-00340416-00340599": "now if you were in heat land and you did", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01423-00340600-00340782": "like char buff equals", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01424-00340783-00340991": "malware or alloc then it would just be a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01425-00340992-00341158": "pointer in front of the stack", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01426-00341159-00341319": "the stack is actually adjusted to create", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01427-00341320-00341743": "the roof", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01428-00341744-00342054": "here's what you guys will do", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01429-00342055-00342167": "i know this part is a little bit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01430-00342168-00342430": "confusing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01431-00342431-00342767": "what i would do is you have your program", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01432-00342768-00342943": "i would go ahead and just make rb1", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01433-00342944-00343127": "always slash bin sh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01434-00343128-00343247": "that way you know you always have your", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01435-00343248-00343439": "pointer to slash pencil association the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01436-00343440-00343575": "process stress fits", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01437-00343576-00343878": "somewhere and then here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01438-00343879-00344063": "is where you put your payload this is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01439-00344064-00344215": "going to be like the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01440-00344216-00344623": "you know cat payload which contains", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01441-00344624-00344958": "16 bytes of a four bytes of junk to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01442-00344959-00345030": "write", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01443-00345031-00345487": "the frame pointer the address of system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01444-00345488-00345703": "focus return address and then the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01445-00345704-00345815": "pointer to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01446-00345816-00346582": "clutch and of stream", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01447-00346583-00346823": "so you should use the one that we've", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01448-00346824-00346982": "found in", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01449-00346983-00347319": "3d os debugging", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01450-00347320-00347551": "no you can use that okay you use that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01451-00347552-00347671": "address of uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01452-00347672-00347830": "so you found system the aggressive", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01453-00347831-00347991": "system and maybe exit that way", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01454-00347992-00348478": "right so you will use that address", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01455-00348479-00348615": "do you guys want me to start working", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01456-00348616-00348830": "through my solution for this really", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01457-00348831-00349663": "more time to look at it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01458-00349664-00350463": "notice that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01459-00350464-00350630": "one thing to notice guys is that the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01460-00350631-00350982": "address of the slash bin size sh string", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01461-00350983-00351295": "is going to change depending on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01462-00351296-00351478": "the size of all your command line", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01463-00351479-00351606": "arguments so in this case", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01464-00351607-00351815": "there's a one byte string for the for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01465-00351816-00351951": "the second command line argument then a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01466-00351952-00352039": "three byte", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01467-00352040-00352254": "the six fight and notice that shifts the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01468-00352255-00352463": "addresses around each time", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01469-00352464-00352823": "all right so if the argument signs to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01470-00352824-00352975": "stay the same though the address is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01471-00352976-00353071": "stated", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01472-00353072-00353463": "so if you do develop your payload", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01473-00353464-00353647": "and use the address of slash pin slash", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01474-00353648-00353910": "sh when your payload stream was only", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01475-00353911-00354127": "50 bytes long or something like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01476-00354128-00354382": "then your address for slash pin", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01477-00354383-00354943": "ssh will have changed it step one", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01478-00354944-00355223": "so sorry guys the uh i have no need to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01479-00355224-00355287": "source it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01480-00355288-00355534": "as shane just pointed out the uh slash", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01481-00355535-00355663": "pins s8 string", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01482-00355664-00355775": "is actually supposed to be the second", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01483-00355776-00355887": "command line argument just because the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01484-00355888-00356182": "way the thing is programmed", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01485-00356183-00356319": "so yeah like that because the string", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01486-00356320-00356527": "copy is coming from the first command", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01487-00356528-00356663": "line argument on the second one", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01488-00356664-00357063": "so oh my god there", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01489-00357064-00357254": "so a simpler version of the return", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01490-00357255-00357430": "origin programming that you can try", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01491-00357431-00357799": "is um you can call", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01492-00357800-00358030": "the system function right you can pass", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01493-00358031-00358151": "whatever argument you want to it you can", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01494-00358152-00358327": "also call the exit function", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01495-00358328-00359678": "however", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01496-00359679-00359975": "think about how you would try to change", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01497-00359976-00360151": "three loop c calls together", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01498-00360152-00360334": "so it is right now you can do system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01499-00360335-00360478": "then exit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01500-00360479-00360647": "because you're applying you're supplying", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01501-00360648-00360815": "that exit uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01502-00360816-00361134": "system call you know right here", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01503-00361135-00362682": "so you can call system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01504-00362683-00363975": "functions", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01505-00363976-00364454": "she's working yeah", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01506-00364455-00364663": "so for those of you curious about like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01507-00364664-00364799": "more advanced", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01508-00364800-00365006": "mitigation bypasses and return oriented", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01509-00365007-00365143": "programming", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01510-00365144-00365334": "i would suggest you as a good paper to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01511-00365335-00365510": "get started", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01512-00365511-00367567": "because i can find it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01513-00367568-00368847": "let's go", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01514-00368848-00369087": "yeah check out this paper this one is a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01515-00369088-00369215": "really good introduction to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01516-00369216-00369503": "the games like return origin programming", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01517-00369504-00369678": "doing more complicated versions of this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01518-00369679-00369863": "much more complicated versions", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01519-00369864-00370182": "it's google for advanced return", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01520-00370183-00371295": "into lip c exploits as really cool paper", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01521-00371296-00371471": "there's another issue you would have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01522-00371472-00371775": "with this is let's imagine", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01523-00371776-00371943": "that for whatever reason you need to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01524-00371944-00372143": "return to a system call", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01525-00372144-00372710": "that has to have no lights", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01526-00372711-00372871": "so for instance when you're bypassing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01527-00372872-00373047": "depth in windows one of the things you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01528-00373048-00373239": "do is you return to a call called uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01529-00373240-00373271": "like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01530-00373272-00373478": "virtual protect which can change", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01531-00373479-00373606": "permissions on the stack to be", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01532-00373607-00373727": "executable", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01533-00373728-00374006": "and that function virtual project takes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01534-00374007-00374110": "like four arguments", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01535-00374111-00374278": "and many of them will need lots of null", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01536-00374279-00374430": "bytes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01537-00374431-00374767": "so what you could do is if you're", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01538-00374768-00374910": "talking about a payload that could have", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01539-00374911-00375127": "no dual bytes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01540-00375128-00375487": "is you just hard code some focus", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01541-00375488-00375734": "arguments like let's say what it targets", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01542-00375735-00375947": "arguments used to be", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01543-00375948-00376151": "ff0000", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01544-00376152-00376271": "you would just make the argument your", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01545-00376272-00376527": "payload ff ff at that fm", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01546-00376528-00376702": "you would change together multiple calls", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01547-00376703-00376967": "to like s print that for string copy", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01548-00376968-00377263": "to manually write those null bytes into", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01549-00377264-00377447": "your payload as it's executing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01550-00377448-00377654": "stuff like that and the return to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01551-00377655-00377847": "ellipse the uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01552-00377848-00378063": "advanced formula of cpaper talks about", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01553-00378064-00378375": "all those things", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01554-00378376-00378510": "in general if you like this type of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01555-00378511-00378751": "thing there's a huge volume", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01556-00378752-00379006": "of great papers that i'll be more", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01557-00379007-00380039": "throughout to read in the track magazine", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01558-00380040-00380151": "all right so that was pretty much the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01559-00380152-00380406": "last slab guys um i want to say", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01560-00380407-00380615": "a couple more things uh to wrap up the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01561-00380616-00380887": "class if anyone is still working", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01562-00380888-00381191": "first of all did everyone get the um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01563-00381192-00381606": "the shelf response you got it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01564-00381607-00381982": "so um world story", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01565-00381983-00382215": "depth no execute stack on its own it's", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01566-00382216-00382287": "worthless", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01567-00382288-00383015": "all right easily bypassed", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01568-00383016-00383375": "my slides here and the main reason for", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01569-00383376-00383710": "that is the attacker can", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01570-00383711-00383878": "predictively know where the address of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01571-00383879-00384047": "the system function is whenever the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01572-00384048-00384199": "process executes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01573-00384200-00384454": "so aslr is all about trying to um you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01574-00384455-00384502": "know", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01575-00384503-00384678": "prevent that from happening so if i turn", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01576-00384679-00384958": "on aslr", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01577-00384959-00385071": "which you can actually do on those", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01578-00385072-00385327": "systems by typing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01579-00385328-00385815": "this command", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01580-00385816-00386151": "so if you su root and this use root is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01581-00386152-00387039": "the password", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01582-00387040-00387230": "do that that will re-enable aslr on the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01583-00387231-00387399": "system okay", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01584-00387400-00387671": "and then if you try to redo your payload", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01585-00387672-00387806": "it would fail", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01586-00387807-00388023": "reason being the address of system would", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01587-00388024-00388191": "have moved around that's what aslr is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01588-00388192-00388351": "all about moving stuff around", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01589-00388352-00388487": "you see these addresses are still the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01590-00388488-00388751": "same but notice if you look more closely", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01591-00388752-00388871": "they're still pretty similar", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01592-00388872-00389095": "right these addresses are only changing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01593-00389096-00389239": "in like eight bits it's really", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01594-00389240-00389551": "eight bits that are changing so one of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01595-00389552-00389782": "the main weaknesses of aslr", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01596-00389783-00390006": "is a implementation weakness usually i", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01597-00390007-00390206": "think it's just not very random", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01598-00390207-00390358": "and you can kind of guess where things", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01599-00390359-00390502": "are in this case we're talking about", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01600-00390503-00390606": "trying to exploit some local", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01601-00390607-00390719": "vulnerability", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01602-00390720-00390871": "only eight bits are changing so you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01603-00390872-00391119": "don't have to try probably 150 times", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01604-00391120-00391247": "before you guess right", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01605-00391248-00391591": "and then you win so as far certainly is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01606-00391592-00391854": "not perfect", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01607-00391855-00392054": "it also randomizes stack addresses as", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01608-00392055-00392191": "you can see so it'd be hard to guess", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01609-00392192-00392319": "where your shell code is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01610-00392320-00392982": "but things are still somewhat similar", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01611-00392983-00393158": "you can see here this is something i got", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01612-00393159-00393327": "from microsoft and it shows you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01613-00393328-00393478": "sort of exploit mitigations they offer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01614-00393479-00393647": "depending on the operating system", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01615-00393648-00393999": "so um aslr not available at xp", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01616-00394000-00394175": "dab carry know about that but that on", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01617-00394176-00394439": "its own is worthless about aslr because", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01618-00394440-00394558": "you just returned to these functions", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01619-00394559-00394702": "that you know the address of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01620-00394703-00395047": "game over um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01621-00395048-00395263": "i'll just say windows 7 just because of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01622-00395264-00395439": "an aslr", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01623-00395440-00395639": "the main way people bypass aslr and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01624-00395640-00395830": "windows 7 is that like with depth your", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01625-00395831-00395975": "module can just opt out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01626-00395976-00396278": "of um aslr and then the options", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01627-00396279-00396423": "randomize it its functions will appear", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01628-00396424-00396654": "at the same address every time you would", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01629-00396655-00396999": "and guess how many", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01630-00397000-00397295": "dlls of flash are often dslr something", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01631-00397296-00397430": "like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01632-00397431-00397671": "i'll leave that as an experiment for uh", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01633-00397672-00397815": "for you guys to take them but", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01634-00397816-00397967": "it turns out that a lot of modules out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01635-00397968-00398191": "there don't opt into stuff like aslr", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01636-00398192-00398406": "and you can abuse those to bypass those", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01637-00398407-00398495": "medications", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01638-00398496-00398799": "is the default out then or to opt out", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01639-00398800-00399151": "the default it depends on your compiler", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01640-00399152-00399343": "settings i mean", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01641-00399344-00400951": "but like just install that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01642-00400952-00401230": "so it's like system y you can set it so", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01643-00401231-00401527": "that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01644-00401528-00401654": "you kind of have like settings on the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01645-00401655-00401815": "system level at the binary level this", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01646-00401816-00401854": "just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01647-00401855-00402167": "the binary can say like um opt-in or", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01648-00402168-00402358": "opt-out and a system can say like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01649-00402359-00402591": "everything has to opt-in if it's not", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01650-00402592-00402758": "aslr compatible i'm just not going to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01651-00402759-00402934": "load this thing", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01652-00402935-00403223": "or it can say like opt-in to aslr unless", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01653-00403224-00403263": "it", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01654-00403264-00403454": "explicitly says not to and stuff like", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01655-00403455-00403734": "that when you look at any third party um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01656-00403735-00403943": "application you know of any substantial", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01657-00403944-00404167": "size and a lot of them will", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01658-00404168-00404439": "opt out of these uh things like that and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01659-00404440-00404534": "aslr", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01660-00404535-00404687": "so forth so they just won't be applied", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01661-00404688-00404902": "to those dlls and those are the things", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01662-00404903-00404991": "that are abused", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01663-00404992-00405367": "bypass asl adventures in depth", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01664-00405368-00405782": "so and we go over that and exploits too", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01665-00405783-00405991": "basically in exploits ii i give you a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01666-00405992-00406151": "vulnerable binary", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01667-00406152-00406382": "turn on every single exploit mitigation", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01668-00406383-00406558": "windows xp has to offer", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01669-00406559-00406958": "and then i load the flash dll", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01670-00406959-00407199": "into that uh vulnerable executable and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01671-00407200-00407367": "then you just use the flash dll to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01672-00407368-00408215": "bypass the greenhouse magnesium", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01673-00408216-00408495": "yeah so not very random these things you", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01674-00408496-00408654": "can kind of break them with brute force", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01675-00408655-00408799": "or discover them with information", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01676-00408800-00409023": "disclosure vulnerabilities like format", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01677-00409024-00409319": "strings and stuff like that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01678-00409320-00409766": "um another big issue is that with aslr", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01679-00409767-00409934": "not everything is randomized just kind", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01680-00409935-00410134": "of like the uh the base offset for the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01681-00410135-00410222": "processes", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01682-00410223-00410422": "is randomized and everything is the same", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01683-00410423-00410655": "distance apart facing that initial", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01684-00410656-00410910": "random offset so in this case system and", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01685-00410912-00410991": "exit", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01686-00410992-00411199": "are both random random addresses is", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01687-00411200-00411414": "changing but the difference between the", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01688-00411415-00411503": "two functions", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01689-00411504-00411655": "is the same so for instance if i was", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01690-00411656-00411822": "able to discover the address of just one", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01691-00411823-00411943": "function of lipscene", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01692-00411943-00412070": "i'd automatically know the address of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01693-00412071-00412374": "the radio function so aslr obviously has", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01694-00412375-00412470": "a lot of", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01695-00412471-00412670": "issues it can't stop some exploits from", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01696-00412671-00412855": "working but um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01697-00412856-00413055": "you know there are serious issues with", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01698-00413056-00413310": "the implementations that can be", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01699-00413312-00413518": "abused to overcome that particular", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01700-00413519-00413743": "mitigation", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01701-00413743-00414039": "so aslr and deaf are designed to work in", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01702-00414039-00414182": "concert together", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01703-00414183-00414326": "depth forces you into like a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01704-00414327-00414518": "return-oriented programming scenario", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01705-00414519-00414655": "like return to libsy", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01706-00414656-00414918": "and aslr prevents you from knowing um", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01707-00414919-00415078": "reliably knowing where the code is to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01708-00415079-00415414": "return to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01709-00415415-00415759": "but um you know even when these two", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01710-00415760-00415966": "things combined like i think to that", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01711-00415967-00416110": "it's really just making the attackers a", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01712-00416112-00416318": "lot harder this will render some", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01713-00416319-00416543": "scenarios unexploitable but a large", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01714-00416543-00416703": "number are still exploitable and just", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01715-00416704-00416863": "take a lot more work to", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01716-00416864-00417447": "develop a successful payload", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01717-00417447-00417926": "that's the end", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01718-00417927-00418910": "all right so uh thanks guys for coming", "jGI33E4lFbQ-01719-00418912-00419119": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "jGXk2pw4Lv8", "text": {"jGXk2pw4Lv8-00000-00000048-00000302": "the climate of India comprises a wide", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00001-00000303-00000482": "range of weather conditions across a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00002-00000483-00000686": "vast geographic scale and varied", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00003-00000687-00000853": "topography making generalizations", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00004-00000854-00001160": "difficult based on the köppen system", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00005-00001161-00001423": "India hosts six major climatic subtypes", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00006-00001424-00001619": "ranging from arid desert in the West", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00007-00001620-00001838": "alpine tundra and glaciers in the north", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00008-00001839-00002045": "and humid tropical regions supporting", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00009-00002046-00002228": "rain forests in the southwest and the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00010-00002229-00002498": "island territories many regions have", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00011-00002499-00002726": "starkly different microclimates the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00012-00002727-00002879": "country's Meteorological Department", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00013-00002880-00003125": "follows the international standard of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00014-00003126-00003332": "four climatological seasons with some", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00015-00003333-00003524": "local adjustments winter December", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00016-00003525-00003818": "January and February summer March April", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00017-00003819-00004106": "and May a monsoon rainy season June to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00018-00004107-00004328": "September and a post monsoon period", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00019-00004329-00004739": "October to November India s geography", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00020-00004740-00005006": "and geology are climatically pivotal the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00021-00005007-00005192": "thar desert in the northwest and the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00022-00005193-00005420": "Himalayas in the north work in tandem to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00023-00005421-00005602": "affect a culturally and economically", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00024-00005603-00006017": "important monsoonal regime as earth s", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00025-00006018-00006229": "highest and most massive mountain range", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00026-00006230-00006454": "the Himalayas bar the influx of frigid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00027-00006455-00006662": "katabatic winds from the icy Tibetan", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00028-00006663-00006955": "Plateau and northerly central asia most", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00029-00006956-00007187": "of north india as thus kept warm or is", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00030-00007188-00007402": "only mildly chilly or cold during winter", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00031-00007403-00007630": "the same thermal dam keeps most regions", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00032-00007631-00007930": "in india hot in summer though the Tropic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00033-00007931-00008144": "of Cancer the boundary between the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00034-00008145-00008405": "tropics and subtropics passes through", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00035-00008406-00008563": "the middle of India the bulk of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00036-00008564-00008749": "country can be regarded as climatically", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00037-00008750-00009023": "tropical as in much of the tropics", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00038-00009024-00009238": "monsoonal and other weather patterns in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00039-00009239-00009463": "India can be wildly unstable epical", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00040-00009464-00009680": "droughts floods cyclones and other", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00041-00009681-00009898": "natural disasters are sporadic but have", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00042-00009899-00010094": "displaced or ended millions of human", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00043-00010095-00010394": "lives there is one scientific opinion", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00044-00010395-00010580": "which states that in South Asia such", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00045-00010581-00010787": "climatic events are likely to change in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00046-00010788-00011067": "unpredictability frequency and severity", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00047-00011068-00011359": "ongoing and future vegetative changes in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00048-00011360-00011527": "current sea level rises and the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00049-00011528-00011683": "attendant inundation of India's", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00050-00011684-00011923": "low-lying coastal areas or other impacts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00051-00011924-00012058": "current or predicted that are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00052-00012059-00012509": "attributable to global warming", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00053-00012510-00013019": "topic history", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00054-00013019-00013399": "topic during the Triassic period of some", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00055-00013400-00013790": "251 to 100 99.6 ma the indian", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00056-00013791-00013949": "sub-continent was part of a vast", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00057-00013950-00014153": "supercontinent known as Pangaea", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00058-00014154-00014375": "despite its position within a high", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00059-00014376-00014702": "latitude belt at 55 to 75 degrees south", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00060-00014703-00014980": "latitude is now occupied by parts of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00061-00014981-00015209": "Antarctic Peninsula as opposed to India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00062-00015210-00015530": "s current position between five and 35", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00063-00015531-00015857": "degrees North India likely experienced a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00064-00015858-00016079": "humid temperate climate with warm and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00065-00016080-00016277": "frost free whether the with well-defined", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00066-00016278-00016610": "seasons India later merged into the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00067-00016611-00016832": "southern supercontinent gondwana a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00068-00016833-00017230": "process beginning some 550 to 500 ma", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00069-00017231-00017516": "during the late Paleozoic Gondwana", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00070-00017517-00017719": "extended from a point at her near the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00071-00017720-00017957": "South Pole to near the equator where the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00072-00017958-00018215": "Indian cratan stable continental crust", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00073-00018216-00018434": "was positioned resulting in a mild", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00074-00018435-00018641": "climate favourable to hosting high", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00075-00018642-00018974": "biomass ecosystems this is underscored", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00076-00018975-00019369": "by India s vast coal reserves much of it", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00077-00019370-00019559": "from the late Paleozoic sedimentary", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00078-00019560-00019814": "sequence the fourth largest reserves in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00079-00019815-00020081": "the world during the Mesozoic the world", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00080-00020082-00020303": "including India was considerably warmer", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00081-00020304-00020534": "than today with the coming of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00082-00020535-00020728": "Carboniferous global cooling stoked", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00083-00020729-00020927": "extensive glaciation which spread", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00084-00020928-00021116": "northwards from South Africa towards", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00085-00021117-00021328": "India this cool period lasted well into", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00086-00021329-00021533": "the Permian tectonic movement by the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00087-00021534-00021728": "Indian plate caused it to pass over a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00088-00021729-00022100": "geologic hotspot the réunion hotspot now", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00089-00022101-00022294": "occupied by the volcanic island of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00090-00022295-00022592": "réunion this resulted in a massive flood", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00091-00022593-00022787": "basalt event that laid down the Deccan", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00092-00022788-00023056": "Traps some 60 to 68 ma at the end of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00093-00023057-00023278": "Cretaceous period this may have", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00094-00023279-00023480": "contributed to the global Cretaceous", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00095-00023481-00023690": "Paleogene extinction event which caused", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00096-00023691-00023875": "india to experience significantly", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00097-00023876-00024197": "reduced insulation elevated atmospheric", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00098-00024198-00024430": "levels of sulfur gases formed aerosols", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00099-00024431-00024703": "such as sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00100-00024704-00024866": "similar to those found in the atmosphere", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00101-00024867-00024971": "of Venus", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00102-00024972-00025280": "these precipitated as acid rain elevated", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00103-00025281-00025480": "carbon dioxide emissions also", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00104-00025481-00025619": "contributed to the greenhouse effect", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00105-00025620-00025870": "causing warmer weather that lasted long", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00106-00025872-00026089": "after the atmospheric shroud of dust and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00107-00026090-00026369": "aerosols had cleared further climatic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00108-00026370-00026408": "change", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00109-00026408-00026645": "20 million years ago long after India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00110-00026645-00026818": "had crashed into the lore Asian landmass", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00111-00026819-00026987": "were severe enough to cause the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00112-00026988-00027202": "extinction of many endemic Indian forms", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00113-00027204-00027493": "the formation of the Himalayas resulted", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00114-00027494-00027698": "in blockage of frigid Central Asian air", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00115-00027699-00027893": "preventing it from reaching India this", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00116-00027894-00028073": "made its climate significantly warmer", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00117-00028074-00028280": "and more tropical in character than it", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00118-00028281-00028674": "would otherwise have been", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00119-00028675-00029189": "topic regions", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00120-00029189-00029522": "topic India is home to an extraordinary", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00121-00029523-00029801": "variety of climatic regions ranging from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00122-00029802-00029983": "tropical in the south to temperate and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00123-00029985-00030161": "alpine in the Himalayan north where", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00124-00030162-00030347": "elevated regions receive sustained", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00125-00030348-00030692": "winter snowfall the nation s climate is", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00126-00030693-00030935": "strongly influenced by the Himalayas and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00127-00030936-00031258": "the thar desert the Himalayas along with", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00128-00031260-00031477": "the Hindu Kush mountains in Pakistan", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00129-00031479-00031702": "prevent cold Central Asian katabatic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00130-00031704-00031949": "winds from blowing in keeping the bulk", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00131-00031950-00032164": "of the Indian subcontinent warmer than", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00132-00032166-00032514": "most locations at the similar latitudes", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00133-00032516-00032750": "simultaneously the thar desert plays a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00134-00032751-00032954": "role in attracting moisture Laden", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00135-00032955-00033200": "Southwest summer monsoon winds that", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00136-00033201-00033434": "between June and October provide the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00137-00033435-00033830": "majority of India s rainfall for major", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00138-00033831-00034049": "climatic groupings predominant into", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00139-00034050-00034274": "which falls seven climatic zones that as", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00140-00034275-00034499": "designated by experts are defined on the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00141-00034500-00034703": "basis of such traits as temperature and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00142-00034704-00034955": "precipitation groupings are assigned", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00143-00034956-00035162": "codes see chart according to the köppen", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00144-00035163-00035669": "climate classification system", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00145-00035670-00036126": "topic tropical wet", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00146-00036127-00036498": "topic a tropical rainy climate governs", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00147-00036499-00036690": "regions persistent to warm or high", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00148-00036691-00036897": "temperatures which normally do not fall", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00149-00036898-00037179": "below 18 degrees Celsius 64 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00150-00037180-00037464": "fahrenheit in via hosts to climatic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00151-00037465-00037652": "subtypes tropical monsoon climate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00152-00037653-00037899": "tropical wet and dry climate that fall", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00153-00037900-00038283": "under this group 1 the most humid is the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00154-00038284-00038529": "tropical wet climate also known as a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00155-00038530-00038784": "tropical monsoon climate that covers a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00156-00038785-00039003": "strip of southwestern lowlands abutting", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00157-00039004-00039213": "the Malabar Coast the Western Ghats and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00158-00039214-00039465": "southern Assam India's two island", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00159-00039466-00039672": "territories Laksha deep and the Andaman", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00160-00039673-00039900": "and Nicobar Islands are also subject to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00161-00039901-00040161": "this climate characterized by moderate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00162-00040162-00040371": "to high year-round temperatures even in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00163-00040372-00040581": "the foothills its rainfall is seasonal", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00164-00040582-00040827": "but heavy typically above 2,000", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00165-00040828-00041160": "millimetres 79 in per year most rainfall", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00166-00041161-00041385": "occurs between May and November this", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00167-00041386-00041560": "moisture is enough to sustain lush", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00168-00041561-00041760": "forests and other vegetation for the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00169-00041761-00042036": "rest of the mainly dry year December to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00170-00042037-00042219": "March are the driest months when days", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00171-00042220-00042477": "with precipitation are rare the heavy", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00172-00042478-00042681": "monsoon rains are responsible for the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00173-00042682-00042921": "exceptional biodiversity of tropical wet", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00174-00042922-00043263": "forests in parts of these regions - in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00175-00043264-00043518": "India a tropical wet and dry climate is", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00176-00043519-00043779": "more common noticeably drier than areas", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00177-00043780-00043965": "with a tropical monsoon climate it", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00178-00043966-00044178": "prevails over most of inland peninsular", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00179-00044179-00044421": "India except for a semi-arid rainshadow", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00180-00044422-00044685": "east of the Western Ghats winter and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00181-00044686-00044841": "early summer are long and dry periods", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00182-00044842-00045105": "with temperatures averaging above 18", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00183-00045106-00045399": "degrees Celsius 64 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00184-00045400-00045606": "summer is exceedingly hot temperatures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00185-00045607-00045855": "in low-lying areas may exceed 50 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00186-00045856-00046164": "Celsius 122 degrees Fahrenheit during", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00187-00046165-00046368": "May leading to heat waves that can each", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00188-00046369-00046539": "kill hundreds of Indians the rainy", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00189-00046540-00046704": "season lasts from June to September", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00190-00046705-00047082": "annual rainfall averages between 750 to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00191-00047083-00047433": "1000 500 millimetres 30 to 59 and across", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00192-00047434-00047676": "the region once the dry northeast", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00193-00047677-00047880": "monsoon begins in September most", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00194-00047881-00048108": "precipitation in India falls on Tamil", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00195-00048109-00048333": "Nadu leaving other states comparatively", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00196-00048334-00048498": "dry", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00197-00048499-00048749": "the Ganges Delta lies mostly in the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00198-00048750-00048960": "tropical wet climate zone it receives", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00199-00048961-00049358": "between 1,500 to 2,000 millimetres 59 to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00200-00049359-00049596": "79 in of rainfall each year in the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00201-00049597-00049830": "western part in 2,000 to 3,000", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00202-00049831-00050162": "millimeters 79 to 118 in the eastern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00203-00050163-00050415": "part the coolest month of the year on", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00204-00050416-00050670": "average is January April and May are the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00205-00050671-00050952": "warmest months average temperatures in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00206-00050953-00051239": "January range from 14 to 25 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00207-00051240-00051600": "Celsius 57 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00208-00051601-00051815": "average temperatures in April range from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00209-00051816-00052217": "25 to 35 degrees Celsius 77 to 95", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00210-00052219-00052485": "degrees Fahrenheit July is on average", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00211-00052486-00052773": "the coldest and wettest month over 330", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00212-00052774-00053013": "millimetres 13 in of rainfalls on the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00213-00053014-00053325": "Delta", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00214-00053326-00053842": "topic tropical dry", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00215-00053844-00054175": "topic a tropical arid and semi-arid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00216-00054176-00054422": "climate dominates regions where the rate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00217-00054423-00054538": "of moisture loss through", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00218-00054539-00054740": "evapotranspiration exceeds that from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00219-00054741-00054943": "precipitation it is subdivided into", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00220-00054944-00055162": "three climatic subtypes tropical", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00221-00055163-00055409": "semi-arid steppe arid climate tropical", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00222-00055410-00055738": "and subtropical steppe climate one the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00223-00055739-00055916": "first a tropical semi-arid steppe", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00224-00055916-00056129": "climate hot semi-arid climate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00225-00056129-00056329": "predominates over a long stretch of land", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00226-00056330-00056542": "south of Tropic of Cancer and east of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00227-00056543-00056724": "the Western Ghats and the cardamom hills", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00228-00056725-00057025": "the region which includes Karnataka", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00229-00057026-00057272": "inland Tamil Nadu Western Andhra Pradesh", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00230-00057273-00057566": "and Central Maharashtra gets between 400", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00231-00057566-00058016": "to 750 millimetres 15.7 to 29.5 in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00232-00058016-00058306": "annually it is drought prone as it tends", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00233-00058307-00058511": "to have less reliable rainfall due to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00234-00058512-00058691": "sporadic lateness or failure of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00235-00058691-00059009": "southwest monsoon Karnataka is divided", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00236-00059010-00059249": "into three zones coastal north interior", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00237-00059250-00059542": "and south interior of these the coastal", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00238-00059543-00059741": "zone receives the heaviest rainfall with", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00239-00059741-00059924": "an average rainfall of about three", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00240-00059925-00060110": "thousand six hundred thirty eight point", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00241-00060111-00060313": "five millimeters per annum far in excess", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00242-00060314-00060688": "of the state average of 1139 millimetres", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00243-00060689-00061037": "45 in in contrast to norm a gum in the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00244-00061038-00061243": "shiva maha district receives the second", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00245-00061244-00061519": "highest annual rainfall in india north", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00246-00061520-00061687": "of the Krishna River the summer monsoon", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00247-00061688-00061942": "is responsible for most rainfall to the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00248-00061943-00062155": "south significant post monsoon rainfall", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00249-00062156-00062442": "also occurs in October in November in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00250-00062443-00062704": "December the coldest month temperatures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00251-00062705-00062944": "still average around 20 to 24 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00252-00062945-00063367": "Celsius 68 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00253-00063368-00063562": "months between March to May are hot and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00254-00063563-00063766": "dry mean monthly temperatures hover", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00255-00063767-00064063": "around 32 degrees Celsius with 320", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00256-00064064-00064373": "millimeters 13 in precipitation hence", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00257-00064374-00064571": "without artificial irrigation this", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00258-00064572-00064760": "region is not suitable for permanent", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00259-00064761-00065147": "agriculture - most of western Rajasthan", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00260-00065148-00065411": "experiences an arid climatic regime hot", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00261-00065412-00065654": "desert climate cloud bursts are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00262-00065655-00065849": "responsible for virtually all of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00263-00065850-00066043": "region's annual precipitation which", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00264-00066044-00066381": "totals less than 300 millimetres 11.8 in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00265-00066382-00066665": "such bursts happen when monsoon winds", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00266-00066666-00066862": "sweep into the region during July August", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00267-00066863-00067044": "and September", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00268-00067045-00067299": "such rainfall is highly erratic regions", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00269-00067300-00067515": "experiencing rainfall one year may not", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00270-00067516-00067722": "see precipitation for the next couple of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00271-00067723-00068016": "years or so atmospheric moisture is", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00272-00068017-00068232": "largely prevented from precipitating due", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00273-00068233-00068406": "to continuous downdrafts and other", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00274-00068407-00068670": "factors the summer months of May and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00275-00068671-00068877": "June are exceptionally hot mean monthly", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00276-00068878-00069066": "temperatures in the region hover around", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00277-00069067-00069360": "35 degrees Celsius 95 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00278-00069361-00069648": "with daily maxima occasionally topping", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00279-00069649-00069933": "50 degrees Celsius 122 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00280-00069934-00070218": "Fahrenheit during winters temperatures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00281-00070219-00070389": "in some areas can drop below freezing", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00282-00070390-00070608": "due to waves of cold air from Central", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00283-00070609-00070887": "Asia there is a large diurnal range of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00284-00070888-00071223": "about 14 degrees Celsius 25.2 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00285-00071224-00071448": "Fahrenheit during summer this widens by", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00286-00071449-00071730": "several degrees during winter to the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00287-00071731-00071937": "west in Gujarat diverse climate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00288-00071938-00072168": "conditions obtain the winters are mild", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00289-00072169-00072393": "Pleasant and dry with average daytime", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00290-00072394-00072645": "temperatures around 29 degrees Celsius", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00291-00072646-00072882": "84 degrees Fahrenheit and nights around", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00292-00072883-00073176": "12 degrees Celsius 54 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00293-00073177-00073406": "with virtually full Sun and clear nights", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00294-00073407-00073659": "summers are hot and dry with daytime", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00295-00073660-00073911": "temperatures around 41 degrees Celsius", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00296-00073912-00074181": "106 degrees Fahrenheit and nights no", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00297-00074182-00074457": "lower than 29 degrees Celsius 84 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00298-00074458-00074721": "Fahrenheit in the weeks before the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00299-00074722-00074910": "monsoon temperatures are similar to the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00300-00074911-00075099": "above but high humidity makes the air", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00301-00075100-00075369": "more uncomfortable relief comes with the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00302-00075370-00075618": "monsoon temperatures are around 35", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00303-00075619-00075912": "degrees Celsius 95 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00304-00075913-00076125": "but humidity is very high nights are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00305-00076126-00076413": "around 27 degrees Celsius 81 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00306-00076414-00076701": "Fahrenheit most of the rainfall occurs", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00307-00076702-00076869": "in this season and the rain can cause", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00308-00076870-00077169": "severe floods the Sun is often occluded", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00309-00077170-00077502": "during the monsoon season three east of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00310-00077503-00077658": "the Thar Desert the punjab haryana", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00311-00077659-00077946": "Kathiawar region experiences a tropical", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00312-00077947-00078231": "and subtropical steppe climate her IANA", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00313-00078232-00078513": "s climate resembles other states of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00314-00078514-00078759": "northern plains extreme summer heat of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00315-00078760-00079026": "up to 50 degrees Celsius and winter cold", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00316-00079027-00079395": "as low as 1 degree Celsius May and June", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00317-00079396-00079635": "are hottest December and January our", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00318-00079636-00079905": "coldest rainfall is varied with the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00319-00079906-00080133": "Shivalik Hills region being the wettest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00320-00080134-00080362": "in the Aravalli Hills region being the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00321-00080363-00080749": "dryest about 80% of the rainfall occurs", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00322-00080750-00080944": "in the monsoon season of July to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00323-00080945-00081250": "September which can cause flooding the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00324-00081251-00081490": "Punjabi climate is also governed by", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00325-00081491-00081838": "extremes of hot and cold areas near the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00326-00081839-00082030": "Himalayan foothills receive heavy", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00327-00082031-00082270": "rainfall whereas those Uihlein from them", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00328-00082271-00082717": "are hot and dry Punjab s3 season climate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00329-00082718-00082879": "sees summer months that span from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00330-00082880-00083070": "mid-april to the end of June", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00331-00083071-00083308": "temperatures typically range from minus", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00332-00083309-00083584": "2 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Celsius", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00333-00083585-00083938": "but can reach 47 degrees Celsius 117", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00334-00083939-00084178": "degrees Fahrenheit in summer and minus 4", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00335-00084179-00084481": "degrees Celsius in winter in this zone a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00336-00084482-00084727": "transitional climatic region separating", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00337-00084728-00084901": "tropical desert from humid subtropical", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00338-00084902-00085177": "savanna and forests experiences", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00339-00085178-00085366": "temperatures that are less extreme than", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00340-00085367-00085603": "those of the desert average annual", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00341-00085604-00086011": "rainfall is 300 to 650 millimetres 11.8", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00342-00086012-00086362": "to 25.6 in but is very unreliable as in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00343-00086363-00086563": "much of the rest of India the southwest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00344-00086564-00086790": "monsoon accounts for most precipitation", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00345-00086791-00087088": "daily summer temperature Maxima rise to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00346-00087089-00087379": "around 40 degrees Celsius 104 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00347-00087380-00087445": "Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00348-00087446-00087640": "this results in natural vegetation", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00349-00087641-00087826": "typically comprising short-course", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00350-00087827-00088170": "grasses", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00351-00088171-00088711": "topic subtropical humid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00352-00088712-00089071": "topic most of Northeast India and much", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00353-00089072-00089280": "of North India are subject to a humid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00354-00089281-00089491": "subtropical climate though they", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00355-00089492-00089692": "experience hot summers temperatures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00356-00089693-00089874": "during the coldest months may fall as", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00357-00089875-00090144": "low as zero degrees Celsius 32 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00358-00090145-00090426": "Fahrenheit due to ample monsoon rains", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00359-00090427-00090646": "India has only one subtype of this", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00360-00090647-00090930": "climate under the köppen system CWA in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00361-00090931-00091206": "most of this region there is very little", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00362-00091207-00091374": "precipitation during the winter", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00363-00091375-00091569": "owing to powerful anti cyclonic in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00364-00091570-00091779": "katabatic downward flowing winds from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00365-00091780-00092116": "central asia humid subtropical regions", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00366-00092117-00092307": "are subject to pronounced dry winters", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00367-00092308-00092580": "winter rainfall and occasionally", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00368-00092581-00092862": "snowfall is associated with large storm", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00369-00092863-00093247": "systems such as nor'westers and Western", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00370-00093248-00093504": "disturbances the latter are steered by", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00371-00093505-00093742": "westerlies towards the Himalayas most", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00372-00093743-00093957": "summer rainfall occurs during powerful", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00373-00093958-00094129": "thunderstorms associated with the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00374-00094130-00094344": "southwest summer monsoon occasional", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00375-00094345-00094672": "tropical cyclones also contribute annual", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00376-00094673-00094899": "rainfall ranges from less than 1,000", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00377-00094900-00095151": "millimetres 39 in in the West to over", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00378-00095152-00095491": "2,500 millimetres 98 and in parts of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00379-00095492-00095775": "Northeast as most of this region is far", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00380-00095776-00095919": "from the ocean the wide temperature", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00381-00095920-00096136": "swings more characteristic of a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00382-00096137-00096316": "continental climate predominant the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00383-00096317-00096474": "swings are wider than in those in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00384-00096475-00096723": "tropical wet regions ranging from 24", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00385-00096724-00097021": "degrees Celsius 75 degrees Fahrenheit in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00386-00097022-00097216": "north central india to 27 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00387-00097217-00097491": "celsius 81 degrees fahrenheit in the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00388-00097492-00097800": "east", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00389-00097801-00098267": "topic mountain", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00390-00098268-00098696": "topic India s northern most areas are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00391-00098697-00098998": "subject to a Montaigne or Alpine climate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00392-00098999-00099284": "in the Himalayas the rate of which and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00393-00099285-00099550": "airmass s temperature Falls per", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00394-00099551-00099931": "kilometer 3281 feet of altitude gamed", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00395-00099932-00100216": "the dry adiabatic lapse rate is 9.8", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00396-00100217-00100504": "degrees Celsius per kilometer in terms", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00397-00100505-00100711": "of environmental lapse rate ambient", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00398-00100712-00100904": "temperatures fall by six point five", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00399-00100905-00101110": "degrees Celsius eleven point seven", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00400-00101111-00101440": "degrees Fahrenheit for every 1000 meters", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00401-00101441-00101696": "3281 feet rise in altitude", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00402-00101697-00101944": "thus climates ranging from nearly", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00403-00101945-00102134": "tropical in the foothills to tundra", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00404-00102135-00102316": "above the snow line can coexist within", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00405-00102317-00102504": "several hundred metres of each other", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00406-00102505-00102751": "sharp temperature contrasts between", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00407-00102752-00102994": "sunny and shady slopes high diurnal", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00408-00102995-00103192": "temperature variability temperature", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00409-00103193-00103384": "inversions an altitude dependent", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00410-00103385-00103629": "variability in rainfall are also common", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00411-00103630-00103864": "the northern side of the Western", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00412-00103865-00104056": "Himalayas also known as the trans", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00413-00104057-00104293": "Himalayan belt has a cold desert climate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00414-00104294-00104602": "it is a region of barren arid frigid and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00415-00104603-00104897": "windblown wastelands areas south of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00416-00104898-00105083": "Himalayas are largely protected from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00417-00105083-00105257": "cold winter winds coming in from the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00418-00105258-00105548": "Asian interior the leeward side northern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00419-00105549-00105783": "face of the mountains receives less rain", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00420-00105784-00106033": "the southern slopes of the Western", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00421-00106034-00106240": "Himalayas well exposed to the monsoon", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00422-00106241-00106552": "get heavy rainfall areas situated at", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00423-00106553-00106988": "elevations of 1070 to 2290 metres three", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00424-00106989-00107183": "thousand five hundred ten to seven", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00425-00107183-00107396": "thousand five hundred ten feet received", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00426-00107397-00107578": "the heaviest rainfall which decreases", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00427-00107579-00107822": "rapidly at elevations above two thousand", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00428-00107823-00108034": "two hundred ninety meters seven thousand", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00429-00108035-00108265": "five hundred thirteen feet most", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00430-00108266-00108470": "precipitation occurs as snowfall during", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00431-00108471-00108679": "the late winter and spring months the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00432-00108680-00108853": "Himalayas experienced their heaviest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00433-00108854-00109022": "snowfall between December and February", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00434-00109023-00109552": "and at elevations above 1500 meters 4921", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00435-00109553-00109856": "feet snowfall increases with elevation", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00436-00109857-00110059": "by up to several dozen millimetres per", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00437-00110060-00110408": "100 meters approximately two in 330 feet", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00438-00110408-00110728": "increase elevations above six thousand", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00439-00110729-00110911": "meters nineteen thousand six hundred", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00440-00110913-00111143": "eighty five feet never experienced rain", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00441-00111144-00111714": "all precipitation Falls as snow", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00442-00111715-00112160": "topic seasons", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00443-00112161-00112443": "topic the India meteorological", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00444-00112444-00112731": "department IMD designates for", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00445-00112732-00113066": "climatological seasons winter occurring", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00446-00113067-00113343": "from December to March the year s", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00447-00113344-00113571": "coldest months are December and January", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00448-00113572-00113871": "when temperatures average around 10 to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00449-00113872-00114188": "15 degrees Celsius 50 to 59 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00450-00114189-00114474": "Fahrenheit in the northwest temperatures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00451-00114475-00114714": "rise as one proceeds towards the equator", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00452-00114715-00115074": "peaking around 20 to 25 degrees Celsius", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00453-00115075-00115449": "68 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit in mainland", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00454-00115450-00115934": "India s southeast summer a pre monsoon", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00455-00115935-00116183": "season lasting from April to June April", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00456-00116184-00116499": "to July in northwestern India in western", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00457-00116500-00116684": "and southern regions the hottest month", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00458-00116685-00116888": "is April for northern regions of India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00459-00116889-00117156": "May is the hottest month temperatures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00460-00117157-00117447": "average around 32 to 40 degrees Celsius", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00461-00117448-00117768": "90 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit in most of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00462-00117769-00118091": "the interior monsoon or rainy season", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00463-00118092-00118323": "lasting from July to September the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00464-00118324-00118506": "season is dominated by the humid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00465-00118507-00118709": "Southwest summer monsoon which slowly", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00466-00118710-00118899": "sweeps across the country beginning in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00467-00118900-00119181": "late May or early June monsoon rains", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00468-00119182-00119373": "begin to recede from North India at the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00469-00119374-00119643": "beginning of October South India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00470-00119644-00119960": "typically receives more rainfall post", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00471-00119961-00120183": "monsoon or autumn season lasting from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00472-00120183-00120426": "October to November in the northwest of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00473-00120427-00120657": "India October and November are usually", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00474-00120658-00120969": "cloudless Tamil Nadu receives most of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00475-00120970-00121127": "its annual precipitation in the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00476-00121128-00121352": "northeast monsoon season the Himalayan", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00477-00121353-00121572": "states being more temperate experience", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00478-00121573-00121758": "an additional season spring which", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00479-00121758-00121952": "coincides with the first weeks of summer", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00480-00121953-00122093": "in southern India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00481-00122094-00122336": "traditionally North Indians note six", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00482-00122338-00122576": "seasons re - each about two months long", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00483-00122577-00122858": "these are the spring season Sanskrit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00484-00122859-00122973": "Vasanta summer", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00485-00122974-00123249": "Karisma monsoon season varsa autumn", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00486-00123250-00123491": "Sarada winter commanda and Previn all", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00487-00123492-00123756": "season cesira these are based on the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00488-00123757-00123935": "astronomical division of the twelve", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00489-00123936-00124233": "months into six parts the ancient hindu", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00490-00124233-00124449": "calendar also reflects these seasons in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00491-00124450-00124928": "its arrangement of months", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00492-00124929-00125316": "pick winter", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00493-00125317-00125700": "topic once the monsoons subside average", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00494-00125701-00125928": "temperatures gradually fall across India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00495-00125929-00126204": "as the sun's vertical rays moves south", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00496-00126205-00126375": "of the equator most of the country", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00497-00126376-00126602": "experiences moderately cool weather", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00498-00126603-00126849": "December and January are the coldest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00499-00126850-00127010": "months with the lowest temperatures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00500-00127011-00127208": "occurring in the Indian Himalayas", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00501-00127208-00127431": "temperatures are higher in the east and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00502-00127432-00127725": "south in northwestern India region", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00503-00127726-00127934": "virtually cloudless conditions prevail", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00504-00127935-00128154": "in October and November resulting in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00505-00128155-00128373": "wide diurnal temperature swings as in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00506-00128374-00128580": "much of the Deccan Plateau they register", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00507-00128581-00128936": "at 16 to 20 degrees Celsius 61 to 68", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00508-00128938-00129252": "degrees Fahrenheit however from January", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00509-00129253-00129588": "to February Western disturbances bring", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00510-00129589-00129771": "heavy bursts of rain and snow", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00511-00129772-00129969": "these extra-tropical low pressure", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00512-00129970-00130146": "systems originate in the eastern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00513-00130147-00130392": "Mediterranean Sea they are carried", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00514-00130393-00130539": "towards India by the subtropical", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00515-00130540-00130709": "westerlies which are the prevailing", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00516-00130710-00130917": "winds blowing at North India's range of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00517-00130918-00131178": "latitude once their passage is hindered", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00518-00131179-00131334": "by the Himalayas they are unable to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00519-00131335-00131502": "proceed further and they release", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00520-00131503-00131685": "significant precipitation over the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00521-00131686-00132021": "southern Himalayan there is a huge", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00522-00132022-00132240": "variation in the climatic conditions of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00523-00132241-00132444": "hamachi Pradesh due to variation in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00524-00132445-00132939": "altitude 450 to 6500 metres the climate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00525-00132940-00133154": "varies from hot and subtropical humid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00526-00133155-00133455": "450 to 900 metres in the southern low", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00527-00133456-00133815": "tracks warm and temperate 900 to 1800", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00528-00133816-00134223": "meters cool and temperate 1,900 to 2,400", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00529-00134224-00134556": "meters and cold glacial and Alpine 2,400", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00530-00134557-00134820": "to 4,800 meters in the northern and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00531-00134821-00135084": "eastern elevated mountain ranges by", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00532-00135085-00135285": "October nights and mornings are very", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00533-00135286-00135549": "cold snowfall at elevations of nearly", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00534-00135550-00135831": "3,000 metres as about 3 metres and lasts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00535-00135832-00136037": "from December start to March end", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00536-00136038-00136392": "elevations above 4500 metres support", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00537-00136393-00136659": "perpetual snow the spring season starts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00538-00136660-00136875": "from mid-february to mid-april the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00539-00136876-00137058": "weather is pleasant and comfortable in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00540-00137059-00137286": "the season the rainy season starts at", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00541-00137287-00137493": "the end of the month of June the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00542-00137494-00137754": "landscape blushes green and fresh during", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00543-00137755-00137955": "the season streams and natural springs", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00544-00137956-00138174": "are replenished the heavy rains in July", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00545-00138175-00138366": "and August caused a lot of damage", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00546-00138367-00138576": "resulting in erosion floods and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00547-00138577-00138681": "landslides", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00548-00138682-00138870": "out of all the state districts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00549-00138871-00139079": "Dharamsala receives the highest rainfall", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00550-00139080-00139520": "nearly about 3,400 millimetres 134 in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00551-00139521-00139787": "spitty is the driest area of the state", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00552-00139788-00139995": "where annual rainfall is below 50", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00553-00139996-00140264": "millimeters the five Himalayan states", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00554-00140265-00140493": "Jammu and Kashmir in the extreme north", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00555-00140494-00140757": "camacho Pradesh Uttarakhand Sikkim and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00556-00140758-00140966": "Arunachal Pradesh along northern West", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00557-00140967-00141174": "Bengal experienced heavy snowfall", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00558-00141175-00141425": "menopur and Nagaland are not located in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00559-00141426-00141645": "the Himalayas but experienced occasional", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00560-00141646-00141890": "snowfall in Jammu and Kashmir blizzards", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00561-00141891-00142110": "occur regularly disrupting travel and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00562-00142111-00142403": "other activities the rest of North India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00563-00142404-00142628": "including the indo-gangetic plain and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00564-00142629-00142886": "Madhya Pradesh almost never receive snow", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00565-00142887-00143145": "temperatures in the plains occasionally", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00566-00143146-00143319": "fall below freezing though never for", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00567-00143320-00143576": "more than one or two days winter highs", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00568-00143577-00143835": "in Delhi range from 16 to 21 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00569-00143836-00144178": "Celsius 61 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00570-00144179-00144449": "nighttime temperatures average 2 to 8", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00571-00144450-00144732": "degrees Celsius 36 to 46 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00572-00144733-00145032": "Fahrenheit in the plains of Punjab lows", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00573-00145033-00145221": "can fall below freezing dropping to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00574-00145222-00145487": "around minus 3 degrees Celsius 27", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00575-00145488-00145770": "degrees Fahrenheit in Amritsar frost", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00576-00145771-00145986": "sometimes occurs but the hallmark of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00577-00145987-00146181": "season as the notorious fog which", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00578-00146182-00146421": "frequently disrupts daily life fog grows", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00579-00146422-00146603": "thick enough to hinder visibility and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00580-00146604-00146835": "disrupt air travel 15 to 20 days", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00581-00146836-00147099": "annually in Bihar in middle of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00582-00147100-00147314": "Ganges plain hot weather sets in and the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00583-00147315-00147503": "summer lasts until the middle of June", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00584-00147504-00147744": "the highest temperature is often", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00585-00147745-00147926": "registered in May which is the hottest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00586-00147927-00148185": "time like the rest of the north Bihar", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00587-00148186-00148379": "also experiences dust storms", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00588-00148380-00148581": "thunderstorms and dust raising winds", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00589-00148582-00148862": "during the hot season dust storms having", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00590-00148863-00149276": "a velocity of 48 to 64 km/h 30 to 40", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00591-00149277-00149486": "miles per hour are most frequent in May", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00592-00149487-00149697": "and with second maximum in April in June", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00593-00149698-00150021": "the hot winds Liu of Bihar planes blow", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00594-00150022-00150195": "during April and May with an average", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00595-00150196-00150471": "velocity of 8 to 16 kilometers per hour", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00596-00150472-00150774": "5 to 10 miles per hour these hot winds", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00597-00150775-00150969": "greatly affect human comfort during this", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00598-00150970-00151250": "season rain follows the rainy season", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00599-00151251-00151485": "begins in June the rainiest months are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00600-00151486-00151727": "July in August the rains are the gifts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00601-00151728-00151940": "of the southwest monsoon there are in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00602-00151941-00152083": "Bihar three distinct", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00603-00152084-00152352": "is where rainfall exceeds 1800", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00604-00152353-00152674": "millimeters 71 in two of them are in the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00605-00152675-00152857": "northern and northwestern portions of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00606-00152858-00153046": "the state the third lies in the area", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00607-00153047-00153274": "around net our head the southwest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00608-00153275-00153508": "monsoon normally withdraws from Bihar in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00609-00153509-00153760": "the first week of October Eastern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00610-00153761-00153934": "India's climate as much milder", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00611-00153935-00154128": "experiencing moderately warm days and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00612-00154129-00154479": "cool nights highs range from 23 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00613-00154480-00154783": "Celsius 73 degrees Fahrenheit in Patna", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00614-00154784-00155064": "to 26 degrees Celsius 79 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00615-00155065-00155304": "Fahrenheit in Kolkata Calcutta lows", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00616-00155305-00155553": "average from 9 degrees Celsius 48", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00617-00155554-00155782": "degrees Fahrenheit in Patna to 14", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00618-00155783-00156078": "degrees Celsius 57 degrees Fahrenheit in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00619-00156079-00156349": "Kolkata in Madhya Pradesh which is", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00620-00156350-00156528": "towards the southwestern side of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00621-00156529-00156712": "Gangetic Plains similar conditions", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00622-00156713-00156901": "prevail albeit with much less humidity", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00623-00156902-00157261": "levels Capitol Bhopal averages low of 9", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00624-00157262-00157527": "degrees Celsius 48 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00625-00157528-00157813": "and high of 24 degrees Celsius 75", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00626-00157814-00158125": "degrees Fahrenheit frigid winds from the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00627-00158126-00158326": "Himalayas can depress temperatures near", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00628-00158327-00158601": "the Brahmaputra River the Himalayas have", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00629-00158602-00158785": "a profound effect on the climate of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00630-00158786-00158974": "Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00631-00158975-00159181": "Plateau by preventing frigid and dry", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00632-00159182-00159378": "arctic winds from blowing south into the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00633-00159379-00159595": "subcontinent which keeps South Asia much", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00634-00159596-00159775": "warmer than corresponding temperate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00635-00159776-00160026": "regions in the other continents it also", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00636-00160027-00160234": "forms a barrier for the monsoon winds", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00637-00160235-00160423": "keeping them from travelling northwards", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00638-00160424-00160629": "and causing heavy rainfall in the Terai", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00639-00160630-00160912": "region instead the Himalayas are indeed", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00640-00160913-00161086": "believed to play an important role in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00641-00161087-00161253": "the formation of Central Asian deserts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00642-00161254-00161548": "such as the Taklamakan and Gobi the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00643-00161549-00161746": "mountain ranges prevent Western winter", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00644-00161747-00161947": "disturbances in Iran from travelling", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00645-00161948-00162157": "further east resulting in much snow in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00646-00162158-00162388": "Kashmir and rainfall for parts of Punjab", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00647-00162389-00162663": "and northern India despite the Himalayas", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00648-00162664-00162847": "being a barrier to the cold northerly", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00649-00162848-00163026": "winter winds the Brahmaputra Valley", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00650-00163027-00163254": "receives part of the frigid winds thus", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00651-00163255-00163426": "lowering the temperature in northeast", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00652-00163427-00163728": "India and Bangladesh the Himalayas which", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00653-00163729-00163964": "are often called the roof of the world", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00654-00163965-00164224": "contain the greatest area of glaciers", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00655-00164225-00164526": "and permafrost outside of the poles 10", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00656-00164527-00164734": "of Asia's largest rivers flow from there", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00657-00164735-00164956": "the two Himalayan states in the east", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00658-00164957-00165177": "Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh receive", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00659-00165178-00165481": "substantial snowfall the extreme north", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00660-00165482-00165685": "West Bengal centered on Darjeeling", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00661-00165686-00166012": "experiences snowfall but only rarely in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00662-00166013-00166263": "South India particularly the hinterlands", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00663-00166264-00166498": "of Maharashtra parts of Karnataka and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00664-00166499-00166689": "Andhra Pradesh somewhat cooler weather", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00665-00166690-00167001": "prevails minimum temperatures in western", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00666-00167002-00167209": "Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh hover", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00667-00167210-00167454": "around 10 degrees Celsius 50 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00668-00167455-00167628": "Fahrenheit in the southern Deccan", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00669-00167629-00167674": "Plateau", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00670-00167675-00167949": "they reached 16 degrees Celsius 61", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00671-00167950-00168239": "degrees Fahrenheit coastal areas", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00672-00168240-00168462": "especially those near the coromandel", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00673-00168463-00168651": "coast and adjacent low elevation", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00674-00168652-00168922": "interior tracts are warm with daily high", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00675-00168923-00169203": "temperatures of 30 degrees Celsius 86", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00676-00169204-00169452": "degrees Fahrenheit and lows of around 21", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00677-00169453-00169691": "degrees Celsius 70 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00678-00169692-00169957": "the western ghats including the mill", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00679-00169958-00170163": "Giri range are exceptional lows there", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00680-00170164-00170419": "can fall below freezing this compares", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00681-00170420-00170666": "with a range of 12 to 14 degrees Celsius", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00682-00170667-00170986": "54 to 57 degrees Fahrenheit on the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00683-00170987-00171201": "Malabar Coast there as is the case for", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00684-00171202-00171385": "other coastal areas the Indian Ocean", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00685-00171386-00171619": "exerts a strong moderating influence on", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00686-00171620-00171891": "whether the region averages 800", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00687-00171892-00172135": "millimetres 31 in per year most of which", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00688-00172136-00172400": "falls between October and December the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00689-00172401-00172636": "topography of the Bay of Bengal and the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00690-00172637-00172815": "staggered weather pattern prevalent", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00691-00172816-00172996": "during the season favors the northeast", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00692-00172997-00173199": "monsoon which has a tendency to cause", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00693-00173200-00173400": "cyclones and hurricanes rather than", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00694-00173401-00173683": "steady precipitation as a result the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00695-00173684-00173850": "coast is hit by what can mildly be", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00696-00173851-00174051": "termed as inclement weather almost every", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00697-00174052-00174521": "year between October and January", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00698-00174522-00174995": "topic summer", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00699-00174996-00175331": "topic summer in northwestern India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00700-00175332-00175556": "starts from April and ends in July and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00701-00175557-00175735": "in the rest of the country from March to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00702-00175736-00175987": "May the temperatures in the North rise", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00703-00175988-00176183": "as the vertical rays of the Sun reach", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00704-00176184-00176459": "the Tropic of Cancer the hottest month", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00705-00176460-00176648": "for the western and southern regions of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00706-00176649-00176836": "the country is April for most of North", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00707-00176837-00177139": "India it is May temperatures of 50", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00708-00177140-00177395": "degrees Celsius 122 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00709-00177396-00177644": "and higher have been recorded in parts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00710-00177645-00177869": "of India during this season another", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00711-00177870-00178070": "striking feature of summer as the lieu", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00712-00178071-00178348": "wind these are strong gusty hot dry", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00713-00178349-00178554": "winds that blow during the day in India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00714-00178555-00178808": "direct exposure to these winds may be", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00715-00178809-00179053": "fatal in cooler regions of North India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00716-00179054-00179260": "immense pre-monsoon squall line", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00717-00179261-00179446": "thunderstorms known locally as", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00718-00179447-00179723": "nor'westers commonly dropped large", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00719-00179724-00179986": "hailstones in hamachi Pradesh summer", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00720-00179987-00180173": "lasts from mid-april till the end of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00721-00180174-00180383": "June and most parts become very hot", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00722-00180384-00180610": "except in Alpine zone which experienced", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00723-00180611-00180823": "mild summer with the average temperature", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00724-00180824-00181099": "ranging from 28 degrees Celsius 82", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00725-00181100-00181334": "degrees Fahrenheit to 32 degrees Celsius", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00726-00181335-00181663": "ninety degrees Fahrenheit winter lasts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00727-00181664-00181834": "from late November till mid-march", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00728-00181835-00182108": "snowfall is generally common in alpine", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00729-00182109-00182551": "tracks that are above 2200 meters 7218", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00730-00182552-00182764": "feet especially those in the higher and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00731-00182765-00183040": "trans Himalayan regions near the coast", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00732-00183041-00183286": "the temperature hovers around 36 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00733-00183287-00183562": "Celsius 97 degrees Fahrenheit and the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00734-00183563-00183770": "proximity of the sea increases the level", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00735-00183771-00184031": "of humidity in southern India the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00736-00184032-00184181": "temperatures are higher on the East", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00737-00184182-00184382": "Coast by a few degrees compared to the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00738-00184383-00184699": "west coast by May most of the Indian", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00739-00184700-00184931": "interior experiences mean temperatures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00740-00184932-00185191": "over 32 degrees Celsius ninety degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00741-00185192-00185398": "Fahrenheit while maximum temperatures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00742-00185399-00185689": "often exceed 40 degrees Celsius 104", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00743-00185690-00185960": "degrees Fahrenheit in the hot months of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00744-00185961-00186190": "April and May Western disturbances with", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00745-00186191-00186379": "their cooling influence may still arrive", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00746-00186380-00186598": "but rapidly diminish in frequency as", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00747-00186599-00186877": "summer progresses notably a higher", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00748-00186878-00187121": "frequency of such disturbances in April", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00749-00187122-00187339": "correlates with a delayed monsoon onset", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00750-00187340-00187564": "thus extending summer in Northwest India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00751-00187565-00187879": "in eastern India monsoon onset dates", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00752-00187880-00188053": "have been steadily advancing over the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00753-00188054-00188258": "past several decades resulting in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00754-00188259-00188353": "shorter summers the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00755-00188354-00188554": "altitude affects the temperature to a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00756-00188555-00188740": "large extent with higher parts of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00757-00188741-00188933": "Deccan Plateau and other areas being", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00758-00188934-00189229": "relatively cooler hill stations such as", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00759-00189230-00189553": "otic Hammond OD in the Western Ghats and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00760-00189554-00189772": "kalimpong in the eastern Himalayas with", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00761-00189773-00189961": "average maximum temperatures of around", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00762-00189962-00190278": "25 degrees Celsius 77 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00763-00190279-00190564": "offers some respite from the heat at", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00764-00190565-00190784": "lower elevations in parts of northern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00765-00190785-00191029": "and western India a strong hot and dry", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00766-00191030-00191215": "wind known as the Luo blows in from the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00767-00191216-00191410": "West during the daytime with very high", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00768-00191411-00191626": "temperatures in some cases up to around", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00769-00191627-00191911": "45 degrees Celsius 113 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00770-00191912-00192160": "Fahrenheit it can cause fatal cases of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00771-00192161-00192439": "sunstroke tornadoes may also occur", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00772-00192440-00192649": "concentrated in a corridor stretching", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00773-00192650-00192865": "from northeastern India towards Pakistan", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00774-00192866-00193181": "they are rare however only several dozen", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00775-00193182-00193664": "have been reported since 1835", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00776-00193665-00194152": "topic monsoon", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00777-00194153-00194518": "topic the Southwest summer monsoon a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00778-00194519-00194689": "four month period when massive", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00779-00194690-00194899": "convective thunderstorms dominate India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00780-00194900-00195277": "s weather is earth s most productive wet", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00781-00195278-00195505": "season a product of southeast trade", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00782-00195506-00195691": "winds originating from a high-pressure", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00783-00195692-00195880": "mass centered over the southern Indian", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00784-00195881-00196108": "Ocean the monsoonal torrents supply over", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00785-00196109-00196395": "80 percent of India s annual rainfall", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00786-00196396-00196618": "attracted by a low-pressure region", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00787-00196619-00196843": "centered over South Asia the mass", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00788-00196844-00197080": "spawned surface winds that very humid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00789-00197081-00197290": "air into India from the southwest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00790-00197291-00197599": "these inflows ultimately result from a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00791-00197600-00197827": "northward shift of the local jet stream", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00792-00197828-00198055": "which itself results from rising summer", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00793-00198056-00198283": "temperatures over Tibet and the Indian", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00794-00198284-00198595": "subcontinent the void left by the jet", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00795-00198596-00198823": "stream which switches from a route just", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00796-00198824-00199033": "south of the Himalayas to one tracking", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00797-00199034-00199288": "north of Tibet then attracts warm humid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00798-00199289-00199537": "air the main factor behind this shift as", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00799-00199538-00199735": "the high summer temperature difference", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00800-00199736-00199927": "between Central Asia and the Indian", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00801-00199928-00200251": "Ocean this is accompanied by a seasonal", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00802-00200252-00200479": "excursion of the normally equatorial", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00803-00200480-00200803": "Intertropical Convergence Zone ITCZ", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00804-00200804-00201043": "a low pressure belt of highly unstable", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00805-00201044-00201352": "weather northward towards India this", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00806-00201353-00201580": "system intensified to its present", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00807-00201581-00201766": "strength as a result of the Tibetan", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00808-00201767-00202102": "Plateau s uplift which accompanied the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00809-00202103-00202333": "Eocene Oligocene transition event a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00810-00202334-00202543": "major episode of global cooling and the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00811-00202544-00202876": "rid efficacious for 249 mah the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00812-00202877-00203059": "southwest monsoon arrives in two", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00813-00203060-00203287": "branches the Bay of Bengal branch in the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00814-00203288-00203578": "Arabian Sea branch the latter extends", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00815-00203579-00203767": "towards a low-pressure area over the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00816-00203768-00203959": "thar desert and is roughly three times", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00817-00203960-00204150": "stronger than the Bay of Bengal branch", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00818-00204151-00204454": "the monsoon typically breaks over Indian", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00819-00204455-00204715": "territory by around the 25th of May when", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00820-00204716-00204853": "it lashes the Andaman and Nicobar", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00821-00204854-00205164": "Islands in the Bay of Bengal it strikes", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00822-00205165-00205357": "the Indian mainland around the 1st of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00823-00205358-00205651": "June near the Malabar Coast of Kerala by", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00824-00205652-00205876": "the 9th of June it reaches Mumbai it", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00825-00205877-00206104": "appears over Delhi by the 29th of June", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00826-00206105-00206401": "the Bay of Bengal branch which initially", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00827-00206402-00206596": "tracks the Coromandel Coast northeast", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00828-00206596-00206809": "from Cape Comorin to Orissa swerves to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00829-00206810-00206964": "the northwest towards the indo-gangetic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00830-00206965-00207280": "plain the Arabian Sea branch moves", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00831-00207281-00207496": "northeast towards the Himalayas", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00832-00207496-00207694": "by the first week of July the entire", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00833-00207694-00207928": "country experiences monsoon rain on", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00834-00207929-00208126": "average South India receives more", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00835-00208127-00208351": "rainfall than North India however", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00836-00208352-00208566": "northeast India receives the most", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00837-00208567-00208825": "precipitation monsoon clouds begin", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00838-00208826-00209010": "retreating from North India by the end", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00839-00209011-00209223": "of August it withdraws from Mumbai by", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00840-00209225-00209490": "the 5th of October as India further", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00841-00209491-00209701": "cools during September the southwest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00842-00209702-00209923": "monsoon weakens by the end of November", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00843-00209923-00210267": "it has left the country monsoon rains", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00844-00210269-00210448": "impact the health of the Indian economy", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00845-00210448-00210717": "as Indian agriculture employs 600", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00846-00210719-00210976": "million people and comprises 20% of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00847-00210977-00211240": "national GDP good monsoons correlate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00848-00211241-00211501": "with a booming economy weak or failed", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00849-00211502-00211702": "monsoons droughts result in widespread", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00850-00211703-00211959": "agricultural losses and substantially", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00851-00211960-00212244": "hinder overall economic growth yet such", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00852-00212246-00212428": "rains reduce temperatures and can", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00853-00212429-00212915": "replenish groundwater tables rivers", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00854-00212916-00213429": "topic post-monsoon", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00855-00213430-00213789": "topic during the post monsoon months of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00856-00213790-00214017": "October to December a different monsoon", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00857-00214017-00214242": "cycle the Northeast or retreating", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00858-00214242-00214584": "monsoon brings dry cool and dense air", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00859-00214585-00214785": "masses to large parts of India it is", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00860-00214786-00215048": "called autumn wind spill across the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00861-00215050-00215235": "Himalayas and flow to the southwest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00862-00215236-00215439": "across the country resulting in clear", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00863-00215440-00215661": "sunny skies though the India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00864-00215662-00215937": "meteorological department IMD and other", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00865-00215938-00216126": "sources refers to this period as a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00866-00216127-00216467": "fourth post monsoon season other sources", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00867-00216469-00216696": "designate only three seasons depending", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00868-00216696-00216944": "on location this period lasts from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00869-00216946-00217167": "October to November after the southwest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00870-00217167-00217416": "monsoon has peaked less and less", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00871-00217417-00217629": "precipitation falls and vegetation", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00872-00217630-00217946": "begins to dry out in most parts of India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00873-00217948-00218148": "this period marks the transition from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00874-00218148-00218433": "wet to dry seasonal conditions average", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00875-00218434-00218648": "daily maximum temperatures range between", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00876-00218650-00219033": "28 and 34 degrees Celsius 82 and 93", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00877-00219034-00219323": "degrees Fahrenheit the northeast monsoon", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00878-00219325-00219573": "which begins in September lasts through", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00879-00219573-00219794": "the post monsoon seasons and only ends", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00880-00219796-00219858": "in March", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00881-00219859-00220107": "it carries winds that have already lost", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00882-00220108-00220308": "their moisture out to the ocean opposite", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00883-00220309-00220563": "from the summer monsoon they cross India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00884-00220564-00220763": "diagonally from northeast to southwest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00885-00220764-00221046": "however the large indentation made by", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00886-00221046-00221250": "the Bay of Bengal into India's eastern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00887-00221251-00221403": "coast means that the flows are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00888-00221404-00221594": "humidified before reaching Cape Comorin", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00889-00221596-00221826": "and rest of Tamil Nadu meaning that the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00890-00221827-00222021": "state and also some parts of Kerala", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00891-00222021-00222252": "experienced significant precipitation in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00892-00222253-00222455": "the post monsoon and winter periods", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00893-00222456-00222726": "however parts of west bengal orissa", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00894-00222727-00223056": "Andhra Pradesh Karnataka and Mumbai also", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00895-00223057-00223242": "received minor precipitation from the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00896-00223242-00223694": "Northeast Monsoon", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00897-00223694-00224162": "topic conclusion", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00898-00224163-00224507": "topic shown below or temperature and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00899-00224508-00224729": "precipitation data for selected Indian", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00900-00224730-00224915": "cities these represent the full variety", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00901-00224916-00225227": "of major Indian climate types figures", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00902-00225228-00225398": "have been grouped by the four season", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00903-00225398-00225635": "classification scheme used by the IMD", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00904-00225636-00225863": "year round averages and totals are also", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00905-00225864-00226242": "displayed", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00906-00226242-00226678": "topic temperature", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00907-00226679-00227046": "topic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00908-00227046-00227546": "topic precipitation", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00909-00227548-00227942": "topic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00910-00227944-00228469": "topic disasters", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00911-00228469-00228850": "topic climate-related natural disasters", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00912-00228851-00229056": "caused massive losses of indian life and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00913-00229057-00229382": "property droughts flash floods cyclones", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00914-00229383-00229627": "avalanches landslides brought on by", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00915-00229628-00229864": "torrential rains and snowstorms pose the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00916-00229865-00230128": "greatest threats other dangers include", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00917-00230129-00230319": "frequent summer dust storms which", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00918-00230321-00230517": "usually track from north to south they", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00919-00230519-00230733": "cause extensive property damage in north", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00920-00230734-00230950": "india and deposit large amounts of dust", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00921-00230951-00231265": "from arid regions hail is also common in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00922-00231266-00231496": "parts of India causing severe damage to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00923-00231496-00231959": "standing crops such as rice and wheat", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00924-00231960-00232521": "Topic floods and landslides", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00925-00232521-00232887": "topic in the lower Himalaya landslides", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00926-00232888-00233112": "are common the young age of the regions", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00927-00233113-00233346": "Hills result in labile rock formations", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00928-00233346-00233537": "which are susceptible to slippage 'as", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00929-00233538-00233780": "short duration high intensity rainfall", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00930-00233781-00234030": "events typically trigger small-scale", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00931-00234031-00234228": "landslides while long duration low", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00932-00234229-00234429": "intensity rainfall periods tend to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00933-00234430-00234605": "trigger large-scale catastrophic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00934-00234606-00234896": "landslides rising population and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00935-00234898-00235106": "development pressures particularly from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00936-00235107-00235319": "logging and tourism caused deforestation", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00937-00235321-00235667": "the result denuded hillsides exacerbates", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00938-00235669-00235892": "the severity of landslides since tree", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00939-00235894-00236107": "cover impedes the downhill flow of water", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00940-00236108-00236384": "parts of the western ghats also suffer", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00941-00236385-00236669": "from low intensity landslides avalanches", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00942-00236671-00236867": "occur in Jammu and Kashmir Himachal", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00943-00236869-00237138": "Pradesh Uttarakhand Sikkim and Arunachal", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00944-00237139-00237438": "Pradesh floods are the most common", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00945-00237439-00237669": "natural disaster in India the heavy", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00946-00237669-00237876": "southwest monsoon rains caused the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00947-00237877-00238082": "Brahmaputra and other rivers to distend", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00948-00238083-00238278": "their banks often flooding surrounding", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00949-00238279-00238527": "areas though they provide rice paddy", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00950-00238528-00238742": "farmers with a largely dependable source", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00951-00238744-00238955": "of natural irrigation and fertilization", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00952-00238956-00239144": "the floods can kill thousands and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00953-00239146-00239451": "displace millions excess erratic or", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00954-00239452-00239696": "untimely monsoon rainfall may also wash", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00955-00239698-00240017": "away or otherwise ruin crops almost all", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00956-00240019-00240228": "of India as flood prone and extreme", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00957-00240229-00240431": "precipitation events such as flash", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00958-00240432-00240642": "floods and torrential rains have become", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00959-00240642-00240837": "increasingly common in central India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00960-00240838-00241019": "over the past several decades", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00961-00241021-00241234": "coinciding with rising temperatures mean", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00962-00241235-00241496": "annual precipitation totals have", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00963-00241498-00241658": "remained steady due to the declining", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00964-00241659-00241830": "frequency of weather systems that", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00965-00241831-00242269": "generate moderate amounts of rain", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00966-00242271-00242775": "topic cyclones", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00967-00242776-00243144": "topic tropical cyclones which are severe", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00968-00243144-00243312": "storms spun off from the Intertropical", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00969-00243313-00243546": "Convergence zone may affect thousands of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00970-00243546-00243752": "Indians living in coastal regions", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00971-00243753-00244044": "tropical cyclogenesis is particularly", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00972-00244044-00244212": "common in the northern reaches of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00973-00244213-00244373": "Indian Ocean in and around the Bay of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00974-00244375-00244662": "Bengal cyclones bring with them heavy", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00975-00244663-00244917": "rains storm surges and winds that often", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00976-00244917-00245117": "cut affected areas off from relief and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00977-00245119-00245391": "supplies in the North Indian Ocean basin", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00978-00245392-00245625": "the cyclone season runs from April to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00979-00245626-00245841": "December with peak activity between May", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00980-00245842-00246117": "and November each year an average of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00981-00246117-00246321": "eight storms with sustained wind speeds", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00982-00246321-00246687": "greater than 63 km/h 39 miles per hour", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00983-00246688-00246903": "form of these to strengthen into true", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00984-00246904-00247116": "tropical cyclones which sustained gusts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00985-00247117-00247542": "greater than 117 km/h 73 miles per hour", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00986-00247542-00247859": "on average a major category three or", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00987-00247860-00248082": "higher cyclone develops every other year", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00988-00248083-00248277": "during summer the bay of bengal is", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00989-00248278-00248475": "subject to intense heating giving rise", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00990-00248476-00248684": "to humid and unstable air masses that", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00991-00248685-00249075": "morph into cyclones the 1737 calcutta", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00992-00249076-00249359": "cyclone the 1970 bola cyclone and the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00993-00249360-00249648": "1991 bangladesh cyclone ranked among the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00994-00249648-00249852": "most powerful cyclones to strike India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00995-00249853-00250065": "devastating the coasts of eastern India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00996-00250066-00250334": "and neighboring Bangladesh widespread", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00997-00250335-00250512": "death and property destruction are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00998-00250513-00250685": "reported every year in the exposed", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-00999-00250686-00250902": "coastal states of west bengal orissa", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01000-00250903-00251250": "Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu India's", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01001-00251251-00251469": "western coast bordering the more placid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01002-00251469-00251730": "Arabian Sea experiences cyclones only", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01003-00251731-00251928": "rarely these mainly strike Gujarat and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01004-00251929-00252321": "less frequently Kerala cyclone o5b a", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01005-00252321-00252537": "super cyclone that struck Orissa on the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01006-00252538-00252842": "29th of October 1999 was the deadliest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01007-00252844-00253121": "in more than a quarter century with peak", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01008-00253123-00253614": "winds of 160 miles per hour 257 km/h it", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01009-00253615-00253803": "was the equivalent of a category 5", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01010-00253804-00254088": "hurricane almost 2 million people were", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01011-00254089-00254298": "left homeless another 20 million people", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01012-00254298-00254525": "lives were disrupted by the cyclone", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01013-00254526-00254862": "officially 9800 three people died from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01014-00254863-00255066": "the storm unofficial estimates place the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01015-00255067-00255510": "death toll at over 10,000", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01016-00255511-00255991": "topic droughts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01017-00255992-00256332": "topic Indian agriculture is heavily", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01018-00256333-00256527": "dependent on the monsoon as a source of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01019-00256528-00256830": "water in some parts of India the failure", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01020-00256831-00256996": "of the monsoons results in water", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01021-00256996-00257178": "shortages resulting in below average", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01022-00257179-00257512": "crop yields this is particularly true of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01023-00257513-00257698": "major drought prone regions such as", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01024-00257698-00257875": "southern and eastern Maharashtra", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01025-00257876-00258073": "northern Karnataka Andhra Pradesh", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01026-00258073-00258190": "Western Orissa", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01027-00258191-00258466": "Gujarat and Rajasthan in the past", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01028-00258467-00258673": "droughts have periodically led to major", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01029-00258673-00258978": "Indian famines these include the Bengal", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01030-00258979-00259275": "famine of 1770 in which up to one third", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01031-00259276-00259498": "of the population in affected areas died", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01032-00259498-00259915": "the 1876 to 1877 famine in which over", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01033-00259916-00260229": "five million people died the 1899 famine", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01034-00260230-00260508": "in which over 4.5 million died in the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01035-00260509-00260829": "Bengal famine of 1943 in which over 5", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01036-00260830-00261016": "million died from starvation and famine", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01037-00261017-00261279": "related illnesses all such episodes of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01038-00261280-00261475": "severe drought correlate with El Nino", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01039-00261476-00261871": "Southern Oscillation ENSO event El Nino", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01040-00261871-00262035": "related droughts have also been", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01041-00262036-00262246": "implicated in periodic declines in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01042-00262247-00262521": "Indian agricultural output nevertheless", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01043-00262522-00262776": "ENSO events that have coincided with", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01044-00262777-00262966": "abnormally high sea surfaces", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01045-00262967-00263215": "temperatures in the Indian Ocean in one", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01046-00263216-00263590": "instance during 1997 in 1998 by up to 3", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01047-00263591-00263818": "degrees Celsius 5 degrees Fahrenheit", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01048-00263819-00264060": "have resulted in increased oceanic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01049-00264061-00264289": "evaporation resulting in unusually wet", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01050-00264290-00264579": "weather across India such anomalies have", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01051-00264580-00264769": "occurred during a sustained warm spell", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01052-00264770-00265080": "that began in the 1990s a contrasting", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01053-00265081-00265299": "phenomenon is that instead of the usual", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01054-00265300-00265516": "high-pressure air mass over the southern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01055-00265517-00265795": "Indian Ocean an ENSO related oceanic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01056-00265796-00266010": "low-pressure convergent center forms it", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01057-00266011-00266194": "then continually pulls dry air from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01058-00266195-00266403": "Central Asia desiccating India during", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01059-00266404-00266550": "what should have been the humid summer", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01060-00266551-00266829": "monsoon season this reversed air flow", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01061-00266830-00267075": "causes India's droughts the extent that", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01062-00267076-00267285": "an ENSO event raises sea surface", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01063-00267286-00267448": "temperatures in the Central Pacific", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01064-00267449-00267965": "Ocean influences the extent of drought", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01065-00267966-00268463": "topic heatwaves", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01066-00268464-00268886": "topic a study from 2005 concluded that", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01067-00268887-00269081": "heat waves significantly increased in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01068-00269082-00269282": "frequency persistence and spatial", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01069-00269283-00269600": "coverage in the decade 1991 to 2000 when", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01070-00269601-00269882": "compared to the period between 1971 to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01071-00269883-00270269": "80 in 1981 to 90 a severe heat wave in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01072-00270270-00270605": "Orissa in 1998 resulted in nearly 1300", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01073-00270606-00270647": "deaths", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01074-00270648-00270950": "based on observations heat wave related", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01075-00270951-00271163": "mortality has increased in India prior", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01076-00271164-00271571": "to 2005 the 2015 Indian heatwave killed", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01077-00271572-00272130": "more than 2,500 people", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01078-00272131-00272596": "Topic extremes", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01079-00272597-00272962": "topic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01080-00272963-00273549": "topic extreme temperatures low", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01081-00273550-00273837": "topic India's lowest recorded", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01082-00273838-00274146": "temperature was minus 33 point 9 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01083-00274147-00274431": "Celsius minus 29 degrees fahrenheit in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01084-00274432-00274708": "Dras Ladakh in eastern Jammu and Kashmir", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01085-00274709-00275007": "figures as low as minus 30 point 6", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01086-00275008-00275253": "degrees Celsius minus 23 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01087-00275254-00275418": "Fahrenheit have been taken in leh", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01088-00275419-00275664": "further east in Ladakh however", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01089-00275665-00275853": "temperatures on the disputed but", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01090-00275854-00276048": "indian-controlled sea akan glass or", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01091-00276049-00276591": "bilafond la 5450 meters are 17,000 881", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01092-00276592-00277082": "feet and cielo 5500 89 meters or 18,000", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01093-00277083-00277401": "337 feet have fallen below minus 55", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01094-00277402-00277665": "degrees Celsius minus 67 degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01095-00277666-00277857": "Fahrenheit while blizzards bring wind", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01096-00277858-00278331": "speeds in excess of 250 km/h 155 miles", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01097-00278332-00278529": "per hour or hurricane force winds", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01098-00278530-00278841": "ranking at 12 the maximum on the before", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01099-00278842-00279120": "scale these conditions not hostile", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01100-00279121-00279375": "actions caused more than 97 percent of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01101-00279376-00279606": "the roughly 15,000 casualties suffered", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01102-00279607-00279825": "among Indian and Pakistani soldiers", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01103-00279826-00280243": "during the siakam conflict", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01104-00280244-00280837": "topic extreme temperatures hi", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01105-00280838-00281140": "topic the highest temperature ever", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01106-00281141-00281376": "recorded in India occurred on the 19th", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01107-00281377-00281682": "of May 2016 info Lodi Jodhpur district", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01108-00281683-00282105": "Rajasthan at 51.0 degrees Celsius 123", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01109-00282106-00282348": "point eight degrees Fahrenheit before", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01110-00282349-00282576": "this the highest reliable temperature", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01111-00282577-00282763": "reading was fifty point six degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01112-00282764-00282978": "Celsius one hundred twenty three point", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01113-00282979-00283165": "one degrees fahrenheit in Alwar", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01114-00283166-00283497": "Rajasthan in 1955 the India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01115-00283498-00283704": "meteorological department doubts the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01116-00283705-00284046": "validity of 55 degrees Celsius 131", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01117-00284047-00284253": "degrees Fahrenheit readings reported in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01118-00284254-00284762": "Orissa during 2005", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01119-00284763-00285149": "epic rain", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01120-00285150-00285433": "topic the average annual precipitation", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01121-00285434-00285713": "of eleven thousand eight hundred seventy", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01122-00285714-00286025": "two millimeters 467 in in the village of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01123-00286026-00286217": "Moss in RAM in the hilly northeastern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01124-00286218-00286397": "state of Meghalaya is the highest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01125-00286398-00286609": "recorded in Asia and possibly on earth", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01126-00286610-00286874": "the village which sits at an elevation", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01127-00286875-00287198": "of 1401 meters four thousand five", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01128-00287199-00287396": "hundred ninety six feet benefits from", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01129-00287397-00287597": "its proximity to both the Himalayas and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01130-00287598-00287894": "the Bay of Bengal however since the town", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01131-00287895-00288170": "of cherub punji five kilometres 3.1", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01132-00288171-00288392": "miles to the east is the nearest town to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01133-00288393-00288653": "host a Meteorological Office none has", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01134-00288654-00288881": "ever existed in Masan RAM it is", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01135-00288882-00289076": "officially credited as being the world -", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01136-00289077-00289355": "wettest place in recent years the chair", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01137-00289356-00289565": "upon jamison ram region has averaged", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01138-00289566-00289772": "between nine thousand two hundred ninety", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01139-00289773-00289928": "six and ten thousand eight hundred", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01140-00289929-00290102": "twenty millimeters three hundred", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01141-00290103-00290408": "sixty-six and 426 in of rain annually", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01142-00290409-00290615": "the chair upon G has had at least one", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01143-00290616-00290833": "period of daily rainfall that lasted", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01144-00290834-00291074": "almost two years India's highest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01145-00291075-00291323": "recorded one-day rainfall total occurred", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01146-00291324-00291638": "on the 26th of July 2005 when Mumbai", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01147-00291639-00291977": "received more than 650 millimetres 26 in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01148-00291978-00292154": "the massive flooding that resulted", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01149-00292155-00292577": "killed over 900 people", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01150-00292578-00293058": "topic snow", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01151-00293059-00293394": "topic remote regions of Jammu and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01152-00293395-00293607": "Kashmir's such as Baramulla district in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01153-00293608-00293829": "the east and the Pir Panjal range in the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01154-00293830-00294024": "southeast experienced exceptionally", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01155-00294025-00294279": "heavy snowfall Kashmir's highest", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01156-00294280-00294483": "recorded monthly snowfall occurred in", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01157-00294484-00294942": "February 1967 when 8.4 meters 20 7.6", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01158-00294943-00295167": "feet fell in Gulmarg though the IMD has", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01159-00295168-00295437": "recorded snow drifts up to 12 meters 39", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01160-00295438-00295641": "point 4 feet in several Kashmiri", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01161-00295642-00296052": "districts in February 2005 more than 200", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01162-00296053-00296289": "people died when in 4 days a Western", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01163-00296290-00296559": "disturbance brought up to 2 meters 6.6", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01164-00296560-00297103": "feet of snowfall to parts of the state", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01165-00297104-00297585": "topic global warming", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01166-00297586-00297951": "topic currency level rise increased", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01167-00297952-00298182": "cyclonic activity increased ambient", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01168-00298183-00298377": "temperatures and increasingly fickle", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01169-00298378-00298569": "precipitation patterns are effects of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01170-00298570-00298755": "global warming that have affected or are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01171-00298756-00299037": "projected to impact India thousands of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01172-00299038-00299199": "people have been displaced by ongoing", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01173-00299200-00299406": "sea level rises that have submerged", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01174-00299407-00299645": "low-lying islands in the Sundarbans", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01175-00299646-00299877": "temperature rises on the Tibetan Plateau", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01176-00299878-00300072": "are causing Himalayan glaciers to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01177-00300073-00300270": "retreat threatening the flow rate of the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01178-00300271-00300495": "Ganges Brahmaputra Yamuna and other", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01179-00300496-00300717": "major rivers the livelihoods of hundreds", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01180-00300718-00300900": "of thousands of farmers depend on these", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01181-00300901-00301286": "rivers a 2007 World Wide Fund for Nature", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01182-00301287-00301542": "WWF report states that the Indus River", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01183-00301543-00301737": "may run dry for the same reason", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01184-00301738-00301914": "severe landslides and floods are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01185-00301915-00302115": "projected to become increasingly common", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01186-00302116-00302394": "in such States as a ssam ecological", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01187-00302395-00302676": "disasters such as a 1998 coral bleaching", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01188-00302677-00302883": "event that killed off more than 70", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01189-00302884-00303102": "percent of corals in the reef ecosystems", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01190-00303103-00303291": "off Laksha deep in the Andamans and was", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01191-00303292-00303447": "brought on by elevated ocean", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01192-00303448-00303639": "temperatures tied to global warming are", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01193-00303640-00303813": "also projected to become increasingly", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01194-00303814-00304128": "common Meghalaya and other northeastern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01195-00304129-00304329": "states are also concerned that rising", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01196-00304330-00304494": "sea levels will submerge much of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01197-00304495-00304719": "Bangladesh and spawned a refugee crisis", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01198-00304720-00304980": "if severe climate changes occurs", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01199-00304981-00305190": "Bangladesh and parts of India that", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01200-00305191-00305361": "border it may lose vast tracts of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01201-00305362-00305571": "coastal land the Indira Gandhi Institute", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01202-00305572-00305790": "of Development research has reported", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01203-00305791-00305961": "that if the predictions relating to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01204-00305962-00306084": "global warming made by the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01205-00306085-00306231": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01206-00306232-00306486": "Change come to fruition climate related", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01207-00306487-00306777": "factors could cause India s GDP to", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01208-00306778-00307128": "decline by up to 9% contributing to this", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01209-00307129-00307341": "would be shifting growing seasons for", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01210-00307342-00307599": "major crops such as rice production of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01211-00307600-00307998": "which could fall by 40% around 7 million", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01212-00307999-00308238": "people are projected to be displaced due", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01213-00308239-00308466": "to among other factors submersion of", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01214-00308467-00308703": "parts of Mumbai and Chennai if global", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01215-00308704-00308940": "temperatures were to rise by a mere two", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01216-00308941-00309161": "degrees Celsius three point six degrees", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01217-00309162-00309504": "Fahrenheit such shifts are not new", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01218-00309505-00309738": "earlier in the Holocene epoch", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01219-00309739-00309924": "four thousand eight hundred to six", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01220-00309925-00310158": "thousand three hundred years ago parts", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01221-00310159-00310353": "of what is now the thar desert were wet", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01222-00310354-00310527": "enough to support perennial lakes", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01223-00310528-00310764": "researchers have proposed that this was", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01224-00310765-00311006": "due to much higher winter", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01225-00311007-00311311": "which coincided with stronger monsoons", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01226-00311312-00311657": "Kashmir s erstwhile subtropical climate", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01227-00311658-00311999": "dramatically cooled 2.6 to 3.7 ma and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01228-00312000-00312182": "experienced prolonged cold spells", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01229-00312183-00312797": "starting 600,000 years ago", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01230-00312798-00313265": "atmospheric pollution", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01231-00313266-00313628": "topic thick haze and smoke originating", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01232-00313629-00313820": "from burning biomass in northwestern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01233-00313821-00314000": "India and air pollution from large", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01234-00314001-00314192": "industrial cities in northern India", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01235-00314193-00314446": "often concentrate over the Ganges Basin", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01236-00314447-00314699": "prevailing westerlies carry aerosols", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01237-00314700-00314876": "along the southern margins of the shear", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01238-00314877-00315083": "faced Tibetan Plateau towards eastern", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01239-00315084-00315362": "India and the Bay of Bengal dust and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01240-00315363-00315530": "black carbon which are blown towards", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01241-00315531-00315695": "higher altitudes by winds at the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01242-00315696-00315884": "southern margins of the Himalayas can", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01243-00315885-00316094": "absorb shortwave radiation and heat the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01244-00316095-00316361": "air over the Tibetan Plateau the net", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01245-00316362-00316550": "atmospheric heating due to aerosol", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01246-00316551-00316757": "absorption causes the air to warm and", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01247-00316758-00316928": "convect upwards increasing the", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01248-00316929-00317105": "concentration of moisture in the mid", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01249-00317106-00317267": "troposphere and providing positive", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01250-00317268-00317498": "feedback that stimulates further heating", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01251-00317499-00317957": "of aerosols", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01252-00317958-00318451": "topic notes", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01253-00318452-00318842": "topic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01254-00318843-00319364": "topic citations", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01255-00319365-00319759": "topic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01256-00319760-00320275": "topic references", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01257-00320276-00321215": "topic articles books items other", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01258-00321216-00321740": "topic further reading", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01259-00321741-00322133": "topic", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01260-00322134-00322672": "topic external links", "jGXk2pw4Lv8-01261-00322673-00322966": "topic"}}, {"audio_id": "jGcCnejV_XM", "text": {"jGcCnejV_XM-00000-00000017-00000316": "the missile defense agency MDA", "jGcCnejV_XM-00001-00000317-00000509": "has its origins in the Strategic Defense", "jGcCnejV_XM-00002-00000509-00000782": "Initiative SDI which was established in", "jGcCnejV_XM-00003-00000783-00001037": "1983 by Ronald Reagan which was headed", "jGcCnejV_XM-00004-00001038-00001214": "by leftenant General James Allen", "jGcCnejV_XM-00005-00001215-00001469": "Abrahamson under the Strategic Defense", "jGcCnejV_XM-00006-00001470-00001691": "Initiative z' innovative sciences and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00007-00001692-00001889": "Technology office headed by physicist", "jGcCnejV_XM-00008-00001889-00002110": "and engineer dr. James E Anson the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00009-00002111-00002291": "investment was predominantly made in", "jGcCnejV_XM-00010-00002292-00002462": "basic research at national laboratories", "jGcCnejV_XM-00011-00002463-00002795": "universities and in industry these", "jGcCnejV_XM-00012-00002796-00002983": "programs have continued to be key", "jGcCnejV_XM-00013-00002984-00003155": "sources of funding for top research", "jGcCnejV_XM-00014-00003156-00003344": "scientists in the fields of high-energy", "jGcCnejV_XM-00015-00003345-00003602": "physics supercomputing computation", "jGcCnejV_XM-00016-00003603-00003797": "advanced materials and many other", "jGcCnejV_XM-00017-00003797-00003965": "critical science and engineering", "jGcCnejV_XM-00018-00003965-00004175": "disciplines funding which indirectly", "jGcCnejV_XM-00019-00004176-00004381": "supports other research work by top", "jGcCnejV_XM-00020-00004382-00004541": "scientists and which was most", "jGcCnejV_XM-00021-00004542-00004724": "politically viable to fund within the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00022-00004725-00004901": "military budget of the United States", "jGcCnejV_XM-00023-00004902-00005192": "environment it was renamed the ballistic", "jGcCnejV_XM-00024-00005193-00005488": "missile defense organization in 1993 and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00025-00005489-00005668": "then renamed the missile defense agency", "jGcCnejV_XM-00026-00005669-00006052": "in 2002 the current director is u.s.", "jGcCnejV_XM-00027-00006053-00006284": "Navy Vice Admiral John a Hill rapid", "jGcCnejV_XM-00028-00006285-00006500": "changes in the strategic environment due", "jGcCnejV_XM-00029-00006501-00006683": "to the rapid dissolution of the Soviet", "jGcCnejV_XM-00030-00006684-00006926": "Union led in 1993 to Bill Clinton", "jGcCnejV_XM-00031-00006927-00007159": "focusing on theater ballistic missiles", "jGcCnejV_XM-00032-00007161-00007358": "and similar threats and renaming it the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00033-00007359-00007495": "ballistic missile defense organization", "jGcCnejV_XM-00034-00007497-00007841": "the MDO with another change to a more", "jGcCnejV_XM-00035-00007842-00008119": "global focus made by George W Bush in", "jGcCnejV_XM-00036-00008120-00008414": "2002 the organization became the missile", "jGcCnejV_XM-00037-00008415-00008684": "defense agency the missile defense", "jGcCnejV_XM-00038-00008685-00008870": "agency is partially or wholly", "jGcCnejV_XM-00039-00008871-00009071": "responsible for the development of", "jGcCnejV_XM-00040-00009072-00009305": "several ballistic missile defense BMD", "jGcCnejV_XM-00041-00009306-00009539": "systems including the Patriot PAC three", "jGcCnejV_XM-00042-00009540-00009839": "Aegis BMD tha ad and the ground-based", "jGcCnejV_XM-00043-00009840-00010135": "mid-course defense system they also led", "jGcCnejV_XM-00044-00010136-00010285": "the development of numerous other", "jGcCnejV_XM-00045-00010286-00010489": "projects including the multiple kill", "jGcCnejV_XM-00046-00010490-00010688": "vehicle in the newer multi-object kill", "jGcCnejV_XM-00047-00010689-00010906": "vehicle the kinetic energy interceptor", "jGcCnejV_XM-00048-00010907-00011177": "in the airborne laser as the inheritor", "jGcCnejV_XM-00049-00011178-00011426": "of the SDI and BM do work the MDA", "jGcCnejV_XM-00050-00011427-00011633": "continues to fund fundamental research", "jGcCnejV_XM-00051-00011634-00011870": "in high-energy physics supercomputing", "jGcCnejV_XM-00052-00011871-00012131": "computation advanced materials and many", "jGcCnejV_XM-00053-00012132-00012278": "other science and engineering", "jGcCnejV_XM-00054-00012279-00012866": "disciplines", "jGcCnejV_XM-00055-00012867-00013449": "topic mission statement", "jGcCnejV_XM-00056-00013450-00013806": "according to the agency's webpage the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00057-00013807-00014010": "missile defense agency's mission is to", "jGcCnejV_XM-00058-00014011-00014199": "develop test and prepare for deployment", "jGcCnejV_XM-00059-00014200-00014490": "of a missile defense system using", "jGcCnejV_XM-00060-00014491-00014754": "complementary interceptors land sea air", "jGcCnejV_XM-00061-00014755-00014955": "and space-based senses and battle", "jGcCnejV_XM-00062-00014956-00015150": "management command and control systems", "jGcCnejV_XM-00063-00015151-00015354": "the planned missile defense system will", "jGcCnejV_XM-00064-00015355-00015569": "be able to engage all classes and ranges", "jGcCnejV_XM-00065-00015571-00015771": "of ballistic missile threats our", "jGcCnejV_XM-00066-00015772-00015993": "programmatic strategy is to develop", "jGcCnejV_XM-00067-00015994-00016218": "rigorously test and continuously", "jGcCnejV_XM-00068-00016219-00016428": "evaluate production deployment and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00069-00016429-00016590": "operational alternatives for the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00070-00016591-00016884": "ballistic missile defense system missile", "jGcCnejV_XM-00071-00016885-00017079": "defense systems being developed and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00072-00017080-00017304": "tested by MDA are primarily based on", "jGcCnejV_XM-00073-00017305-00017577": "hit-to-kill technology it has been", "jGcCnejV_XM-00074-00017578-00017727": "described as hitting a bullet with a", "jGcCnejV_XM-00075-00017728-00017910": "bullet a capability that has been", "jGcCnejV_XM-00076-00017911-00018117": "successfully demonstrated in test after", "jGcCnejV_XM-00077-00018118-00018699": "test", "jGcCnejV_XM-00078-00018700-00019301": "topic international mission", "jGcCnejV_XM-00079-00019302-00019613": "ballistic missile defense systems BMDs", "jGcCnejV_XM-00080-00019614-00019790": "must be capable of operating in", "jGcCnejV_XM-00081-00019791-00019955": "different regions of the world to ensure", "jGcCnejV_XM-00082-00019956-00020240": "the success of the MDA mission the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00083-00020241-00020450": "international strategy was approved by", "jGcCnejV_XM-00084-00020451-00020825": "the MDA director in 2007 the general", "jGcCnejV_XM-00085-00020826-00021067": "strategy for international efforts is", "jGcCnejV_XM-00086-00021068-00021335": "outreach communicate the importance of", "jGcCnejV_XM-00087-00021336-00021545": "missile defense by promoting worldwide", "jGcCnejV_XM-00088-00021546-00021794": "BMDs by sharing information with allies", "jGcCnejV_XM-00089-00021795-00022076": "and partners capability and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00090-00022077-00022325": "interoperability identify and integrate", "jGcCnejV_XM-00091-00022326-00022550": "us and partner systems to create global", "jGcCnejV_XM-00092-00022551-00022811": "missile defense system promote", "jGcCnejV_XM-00093-00022812-00023186": "interoperability among allies technology", "jGcCnejV_XM-00094-00023187-00023369": "identify and evaluate possible", "jGcCnejV_XM-00095-00023370-00023594": "international technology in support of", "jGcCnejV_XM-00096-00023595-00024029": "BMD s capabilities investment identify", "jGcCnejV_XM-00097-00024030-00024230": "and execute investment opportunities", "jGcCnejV_XM-00098-00024231-00024584": "with allies and partners workforce shape", "jGcCnejV_XM-00099-00024585-00024827": "a qualified workforce to execute the MDA", "jGcCnejV_XM-00100-00024828-00025133": "International Strategy as of 2017 MDA", "jGcCnejV_XM-00101-00025134-00025325": "was working on facilities in Germany", "jGcCnejV_XM-00102-00025326-00025688": "Romania Poland Japan Qatar Saudi Arabia", "jGcCnejV_XM-00103-00025689-00026372": "in the United Arab Emirates", "jGcCnejV_XM-00104-00026373-00026663": "topic potential threats against the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00105-00026664-00027137": "United States", "jGcCnejV_XM-00106-00027138-00027416": "ballistic missile systems using advanced", "jGcCnejV_XM-00107-00027417-00027608": "liquid or solid propellant propulsion", "jGcCnejV_XM-00108-00027608-00027802": "are becoming more mobile accurate and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00109-00027804-00028004": "capable of striking targets over longer", "jGcCnejV_XM-00110-00028005-00028273": "distances in a proliferating worldwide", "jGcCnejV_XM-00111-00028274-00028505": "Iran currently has short and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00112-00028506-00028691": "medium-range missiles with guidance", "jGcCnejV_XM-00113-00028692-00028967": "systems Iran's launch of a medium-range", "jGcCnejV_XM-00114-00028968-00029152": "solid fuel ballistic missile", "jGcCnejV_XM-00115-00029154-00029369": "demonstrates its ability to hit targets", "jGcCnejV_XM-00116-00029370-00029588": "in Israel in southern Europe Iran also", "jGcCnejV_XM-00117-00029589-00029777": "successfully launched the Sofia space", "jGcCnejV_XM-00118-00029777-00030152": "launch vehicle on February 2nd 2009 it", "jGcCnejV_XM-00119-00030152-00030370": "was then speculated that development of", "jGcCnejV_XM-00120-00030372-00030722": "an ICBM was not far behind intelligence", "jGcCnejV_XM-00121-00030723-00030895": "reports that a missile could have been", "jGcCnejV_XM-00122-00030897-00031154": "built sometime between 2010 and 2015", "jGcCnejV_XM-00123-00031155-00031343": "perhaps using help from Russian and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00124-00031344-00031655": "North Korean technology North Korea", "jGcCnejV_XM-00125-00031656-00031850": "currently deploys in a dong ballistic", "jGcCnejV_XM-00126-00031851-00032039": "missile capable of hitting Japan and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00127-00032039-00032227": "South Korea and is developing a new", "jGcCnejV_XM-00128-00032229-00032414": "intermediate range ballistic missile", "jGcCnejV_XM-00129-00032414-00032501": "irbm", "jGcCnejV_XM-00130-00032502-00032677": "which could reach Guam in the Aleutian", "jGcCnejV_XM-00131-00032679-00032939": "Islands they also successfully", "jGcCnejV_XM-00132-00032940-00033155": "demonstrated the staging and separation", "jGcCnejV_XM-00133-00033156-00033368": "technologies required to launch a typo", "jGcCnejV_XM-00134-00033369-00033638": "dong - ICBM which has the capability to", "jGcCnejV_XM-00135-00033639-00033932": "reach the United States the type a dong", "jGcCnejV_XM-00136-00033933-00034217": "missile was first tested in 2006 and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00137-00034218-00034532": "failed 40 seconds into mid-flight North", "jGcCnejV_XM-00138-00034533-00034706": "Korean missiles are notoriously", "jGcCnejV_XM-00139-00034707-00034934": "unreliable and many of the DPRK s", "jGcCnejV_XM-00140-00034935-00035150": "missile tests have failed including the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00141-00035151-00035462": "most recent ta EPO tion g2 launches in", "jGcCnejV_XM-00142-00035463-00035768": "2009 and 2012 and a failed launch of the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00143-00035769-00036176": "BM 25 Macedon in 2016 on the 1st of", "jGcCnejV_XM-00144-00036177-00036461": "January 2017 North Korea announced its", "jGcCnejV_XM-00145-00036462-00036719": "final preparation for a test of an ICBM", "jGcCnejV_XM-00146-00036720-00037010": "for the first time on the 6th of March", "jGcCnejV_XM-00147-00037011-00037289": "2017 North Korea launched four missiles", "jGcCnejV_XM-00148-00037290-00037499": "from tongchang-ri a known long-range", "jGcCnejV_XM-00149-00037500-00037790": "missile site at 736 a.m. local time", "jGcCnejV_XM-00150-00037791-00037952": "one of which landed in the Sea of Japan", "jGcCnejV_XM-00151-00037953-00038138": "with the remaining three missiles", "jGcCnejV_XM-00152-00038139-00038462": "landing in Japan's economic zone on July", "jGcCnejV_XM-00153-00038463-00038729": "4 2017 North Korea launched a ballistic", "jGcCnejV_XM-00154-00038730-00038948": "missile that had the potential to be an", "jGcCnejV_XM-00155-00038949-00039290": "ICBM it flew into space and landed in", "jGcCnejV_XM-00156-00039291-00039551": "the Sea of Japan the launch continues to", "jGcCnejV_XM-00157-00039552-00039764": "demonstrate that North Korea poses a", "jGcCnejV_XM-00158-00039765-00039962": "threat to the United States and our", "jGcCnejV_XM-00159-00039963-00040442": "allies a Pentagon statement said Syria", "jGcCnejV_XM-00160-00040443-00040476": "has", "jGcCnejV_XM-00161-00040477-00040637": "been identified as a host for", "jGcCnejV_XM-00162-00040638-00040836": "short-range ballistic missiles as it", "jGcCnejV_XM-00163-00040837-00041027": "acquires equipment from North Korea and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00164-00041028-00041586": "Iran", "jGcCnejV_XM-00165-00041587-00042139": "topic categories", "jGcCnejV_XM-00166-00042140-00042433": "MDA divides its systems into four phases", "jGcCnejV_XM-00167-00042434-00042693": "boost ascent mid-course and terminal", "jGcCnejV_XM-00168-00042694-00042877": "each corresponding to a different phase", "jGcCnejV_XM-00169-00042878-00043054": "of the threat ballistic missile flight", "jGcCnejV_XM-00170-00043055-00043303": "regime each phase offers different", "jGcCnejV_XM-00171-00043304-00043518": "advantages and disadvantages to a", "jGcCnejV_XM-00172-00043519-00043759": "missile defense system C missile defense", "jGcCnejV_XM-00173-00043760-00043978": "classified by trajectory phase and the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00174-00043979-00044193": "geography of each defended area dictates", "jGcCnejV_XM-00175-00044194-00044340": "the types of systems that can be", "jGcCnejV_XM-00176-00044341-00044542": "employed thus the flexible and layered", "jGcCnejV_XM-00177-00044543-00044725": "defense approach concept should improve", "jGcCnejV_XM-00178-00044726-00045007": "overall defense effectiveness the more", "jGcCnejV_XM-00179-00045008-00045178": "opportunities you have to shoot it down", "jGcCnejV_XM-00180-00045179-00045468": "the better the chance of success", "jGcCnejV_XM-00181-00045469-00045721": "alternatively activities are categorized", "jGcCnejV_XM-00182-00045722-00046183": "in five blocks for example block 4.0 is", "jGcCnejV_XM-00183-00046184-00046465": "defend allies and deployed forces in", "jGcCnejV_XM-00184-00046466-00046687": "Europe from limited Iranian long-range", "jGcCnejV_XM-00185-00046688-00046921": "threats and expand protection of US", "jGcCnejV_XM-00186-00046922-00047265": "homeland it included the US missile", "jGcCnejV_XM-00187-00047266-00047467": "defense complex in Poland to be", "jGcCnejV_XM-00188-00047468-00047671": "constructed in the European mid-course", "jGcCnejV_XM-00189-00047672-00047914": "radar EMR currently located at the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00190-00047915-00048106": "Ronald Reagan ballistic missile defense", "jGcCnejV_XM-00191-00048107-00048325": "test site at Kwajalein Atoll which was", "jGcCnejV_XM-00192-00048326-00048514": "to be modified and relocated to the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00193-00048515-00048811": "Czech Republic that plan however was", "jGcCnejV_XM-00194-00048812-00049024": "scrapped by the Obama administration on", "jGcCnejV_XM-00195-00049025-00049555": "September 17 2009 boost phase can", "jGcCnejV_XM-00196-00049556-00049771": "intercept all ranges of missiles but the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00197-00049772-00049975": "missile boost phase is only from one to", "jGcCnejV_XM-00198-00049976-00050236": "five minutes it is the best time to", "jGcCnejV_XM-00199-00050237-00050419": "track the missile because it is bright", "jGcCnejV_XM-00200-00050420-00050721": "and hot the missile defense interceptors", "jGcCnejV_XM-00201-00050722-00050877": "and sensors must be within close", "jGcCnejV_XM-00202-00050878-00051082": "proximity to the launch which is not", "jGcCnejV_XM-00203-00051083-00051327": "always possible this is the most", "jGcCnejV_XM-00204-00051328-00051546": "desirable interception phase because it", "jGcCnejV_XM-00205-00051547-00051748": "destroys the missile early in flight at", "jGcCnejV_XM-00206-00051749-00051930": "its most vulnerable point and the debris", "jGcCnejV_XM-00207-00051932-00052107": "will typically fall on the launching", "jGcCnejV_XM-00208-00052108-00052534": "nations territory ascent phase this is", "jGcCnejV_XM-00209-00052535-00052719": "the phase after powered flight but", "jGcCnejV_XM-00210-00052720-00052992": "before the apogee it is significantly", "jGcCnejV_XM-00211-00052994-00053142": "less challenging than boost phase", "jGcCnejV_XM-00212-00053144-00053394": "intercepts less costly minimizes the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00213-00053395-00053604": "potential impact of debris and reduces", "jGcCnejV_XM-00214-00053605-00053788": "the number of interceptors required to", "jGcCnejV_XM-00215-00053789-00054091": "defeat a raid of missiles mid-course", "jGcCnejV_XM-00216-00054091-00054379": "phase this phase begins after the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00217-00054379-00054591": "booster burns out and begins coasting in", "jGcCnejV_XM-00218-00054592-00054865": "space this can last as long as 20", "jGcCnejV_XM-00219-00054866-00055126": "minutes any debris remaining will burn", "jGcCnejV_XM-00220-00055127-00055284": "up as it enters the atmosphere", "jGcCnejV_XM-00221-00055285-00055530": "ground-based missile defense system", "jGcCnejV_XM-00222-00055532-00055699": "can defend from long-range and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00223-00055700-00055915": "intermediate-range ballistic missiles in", "jGcCnejV_XM-00224-00055916-00056215": "this phase mobile elements can defend", "jGcCnejV_XM-00225-00056216-00056428": "against medium and short-range missiles", "jGcCnejV_XM-00226-00056429-00056875": "in mid-course terminal phase this phase", "jGcCnejV_XM-00227-00056876-00057061": "is the last chance to intercept the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00228-00057062-00057291": "warhead this contains the least", "jGcCnejV_XM-00229-00057292-00057535": "desirable interception point IP because", "jGcCnejV_XM-00230-00057536-00057715": "there is little room for error and the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00231-00057716-00057901": "interception will probably occur close", "jGcCnejV_XM-00232-00057902-00058549": "to the defended target", "jGcCnejV_XM-00233-00058550-00059164": "topic boost phase defense", "jGcCnejV_XM-00234-00059165-00059464": "kinetic energy interceptor K in December", "jGcCnejV_XM-00235-00059465-00059785": "2003 MDA awarded a contract to Northrop", "jGcCnejV_XM-00236-00059786-00060040": "Grumman for developing and testing it", "jGcCnejV_XM-00237-00060041-00060204": "will have to be launched from a location", "jGcCnejV_XM-00238-00060205-00060415": "not too far from the launch site of the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00239-00060416-00060595": "target missile and is therefore less", "jGcCnejV_XM-00240-00060596-00060787": "suitable against large countries it has", "jGcCnejV_XM-00241-00060788-00060994": "to be fired very soon after launch of", "jGcCnejV_XM-00242-00060995-00061186": "the target and it has to be very fast", "jGcCnejV_XM-00243-00061187-00061416": "itself six kilometers per second", "jGcCnejV_XM-00244-00061417-00061762": "in 2009 the Department of Defense and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00245-00061763-00061941": "MDA determined the Northrop Grumman", "jGcCnejV_XM-00246-00061942-00062082": "could never build anything this", "jGcCnejV_XM-00247-00062083-00062248": "technologically advanced and has", "jGcCnejV_XM-00248-00062249-00062446": "canceled the program allocating no", "jGcCnejV_XM-00249-00062447-00062614": "funding for it in its later budget", "jGcCnejV_XM-00250-00062615-00062967": "submission Boeing yl1 airborne laser a", "jGcCnejV_XM-00251-00062969-00063199": "BLT maybe L proposed and won the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00252-00063200-00063486": "contract for this system in 1996 a", "jGcCnejV_XM-00253-00063487-00063795": "high-energy laser mounted on a converted", "jGcCnejV_XM-00254-00063796-00064075": "747 airliner was used to intercept a", "jGcCnejV_XM-00255-00064076-00064309": "test target in January 2010 and the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00256-00064310-00064504": "following month successfully destroyed", "jGcCnejV_XM-00257-00064504-00064807": "two test missiles while the program has", "jGcCnejV_XM-00258-00064808-00065011": "been cancelled due to concerns about its", "jGcCnejV_XM-00259-00065012-00065179": "practicality with present technology", "jGcCnejV_XM-00260-00065179-00065398": "while successful the system was still", "jGcCnejV_XM-00261-00065399-00065626": "extremely short ranged likely needing to", "jGcCnejV_XM-00262-00065627-00065832": "fly in heavily defended space to make an", "jGcCnejV_XM-00263-00065833-00066022": "interception the l1 served to", "jGcCnejV_XM-00264-00066023-00066178": "demonstrate the potential of such a", "jGcCnejV_XM-00265-00066179-00066430": "system the capabilities of being", "jGcCnejV_XM-00266-00066431-00066616": "deployed rapidly to any part of the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00267-00066617-00066801": "world and of intercepting a large number", "jGcCnejV_XM-00268-00066802-00067009": "of missiles would make a future system", "jGcCnejV_XM-00269-00067010-00067288": "extremely attractive network-centric", "jGcCnejV_XM-00270-00067289-00067582": "airborne defense element NC ad on", "jGcCnejV_XM-00271-00067583-00067891": "September 18 2008 Raytheon announced it", "jGcCnejV_XM-00272-00067892-00068113": "had been awarded a $10,000,000 contract", "jGcCnejV_XM-00273-00068114-00068305": "to continue research and development of", "jGcCnejV_XM-00274-00068306-00068572": "NC a de a missile defense system based", "jGcCnejV_XM-00275-00068573-00068875": "on the aim-120 AMR aam one can", "jGcCnejV_XM-00276-00068876-00069064": "distinguish disabling the warheads and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00277-00069065-00069271": "just disabling the boosting capability", "jGcCnejV_XM-00278-00069272-00069597": "the latter has the risk of shortfall", "jGcCnejV_XM-00279-00069598-00069841": "damage in countries between the launch", "jGcCnejV_XM-00280-00069842-00070162": "site and the target location see also", "jGcCnejV_XM-00281-00070163-00070788": "ApS report", "jGcCnejV_XM-00282-00070789-00071403": "topic ascent phase defense", "jGcCnejV_XM-00283-00071404-00071703": "ascent phase intercept API emerging", "jGcCnejV_XM-00284-00071704-00071856": "intercept technologies are being", "jGcCnejV_XM-00285-00071857-00072036": "developed and designed to defeat launch", "jGcCnejV_XM-00286-00072037-00072300": "missiles in their ascent phase this", "jGcCnejV_XM-00287-00072301-00072516": "phase is after the boost phase and prior", "jGcCnejV_XM-00288-00072517-00072740": "to the threat missiles Apogee mid-course", "jGcCnejV_XM-00289-00072741-00073023": "the ascent phase intercept program is", "jGcCnejV_XM-00290-00073024-00073206": "still classified so there is little", "jGcCnejV_XM-00291-00073207-00073821": "information on it", "jGcCnejV_XM-00292-00073822-00074538": "topic mid-course ballistic phase defense", "jGcCnejV_XM-00293-00074539-00074949": "ground-based midcourse defense GMD Aegis", "jGcCnejV_XM-00294-00074950-00075171": "ballistic missile defense system aegis", "jGcCnejV_XM-00295-00075172-00075528": "bmd multiple kill vehicle MK V", "jGcCnejV_XM-00296-00075529-00075741": "originally miniature kill vehicle the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00297-00075742-00075930": "Department of Defense has cancelled the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00298-00075931-00076657": "MK V program for the time being", "jGcCnejV_XM-00299-00076658-00077290": "topic terminal phase defense", "jGcCnejV_XM-00300-00077291-00077614": "terminal high altitude area defense tha", "jGcCnejV_XM-00301-00077615-00078034": "ad Patriot advanced capability 3 pack 3", "jGcCnejV_XM-00302-00078035-00078361": "arrow missile a joint effort between the", "jGcCnejV_XM-00303-00078362-00078673": "US and Israel medium extended air", "jGcCnejV_XM-00304-00078674-00078814": "defense system Meads", "jGcCnejV_XM-00305-00078815-00079039": "co developmental program of the United", "jGcCnejV_XM-00306-00079040-00079258": "States Department of Defense Germany and", "jGcCnejV_XM-00307-00079259-00079819": "Italy", "jGcCnejV_XM-00308-00079820-00080377": "topic see also", "jGcCnejV_XM-00309-00080378-00080623": "join functional component command for", "jGcCnejV_XM-00310-00080624-00080962": "integrated missile defense United States", "jGcCnejV_XM-00311-00080963-00081238": "Strategic Command national missile", "jGcCnejV_XM-00312-00081239-00081505": "defense"}}, {"audio_id": "jH4PoUV5VNk", "text": {"jH4PoUV5VNk-00000-00000071-00000247": "this audio production was made in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00001-00000248-00000950": "collaboration with audible anarchist", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00002-00000951-00001223": "make rogerva green again", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00003-00001224-00001671": "make rogerva green again", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00004-00001672-00001926": "the maker of a green again campaign was", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00005-00001927-00002207": "launched in the early 2018 by the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00006-00002208-00002447": "internationalist commune of rajava", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00007-00002448-00002591": "in cooperation with the committee for", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00008-00002592-00002775": "natural reserves of the commission for", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00009-00002776-00002887": "economy", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00010-00002888-00003055": "and the committee for ecology of the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00011-00003056-00003215": "commission for municipalities and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00012-00003215-00003399": "ecology of the self administration in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00013-00003400-00003519": "rojova", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00014-00003520-00003638": "with the aim of supporting and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00015-00003639-00003854": "developing the ecological society in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00016-00003855-00004054": "northern syria", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00017-00004055-00004254": "the campaign has three strands", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00018-00004255-00004495": "education practical works and the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00019-00004496-00004902": "organization of global solidarity", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00020-00004903-00005135": "education", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00021-00005136-00005311": "the development of an ecological and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00022-00005312-00005518": "democratic consciousness is the basis", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00023-00005519-00005670": "for understanding the balance between", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00024-00005671-00005870": "humanity and nature", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00025-00005871-00006031": "is about more than just scientific", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00026-00006032-00006270": "knowledge and irrational understanding", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00027-00006271-00006463": "in order to overcome the elimination of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00028-00006464-00006614": "people from nature and thus from", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00029-00006615-00006878": "themselves humanity today must go back", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00030-00006879-00007087": "to nature to experience and appreciate", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00031-00007088-00007303": "it in order to protect it", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00032-00007304-00007495": "for this reason theoretical educational", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00033-00007495-00007742": "work at all levels of society as well as", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00034-00007743-00007991": "concrete experiences in and with nature", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00035-00007992-00008119": "will be essential parts in the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00036-00008120-00008574": "construction of an ecological society", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00037-00008575-00008846": "education for internationalists", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00038-00008847-00009023": "the internationalist academy which has", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00039-00009024-00009206": "been under construction since the summer", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00040-00009207-00009367": "of 2017", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00041-00009368-00009567": "will be the center of our educational", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00042-00009568-00009678": "work", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00043-00009679-00009887": "here internationalists can be trained", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00044-00009888-00010055": "according to the principles of radical", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00045-00010056-00010183": "democracy", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00046-00010184-00010431": "women's liberation and ecology", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00047-00010432-00010655": "and prepared for work in rojavan society", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00048-00010656-00010823": "through intensive language and cultural", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00049-00010824-00010959": "education", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00050-00010960-00011151": "there will be lectures seminars and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00051-00011152-00011374": "discussions about the necessity for the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00052-00011375-00011583": "ecological society", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00053-00011584-00011767": "what it could look like and what steps", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00054-00011768-00011991": "will be necessary to achieve it", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00055-00011992-00012159": "complementing the theoretical training", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00056-00012160-00012287": "at the academy", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00057-00012288-00012438": "all internationalists will get the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00058-00012439-00012663": "chance to develop a true sense of nature", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00059-00012664-00012855": "through physical work in the affiliated", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00060-00012856-00013079": "tree cooperative and the reforestation", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00061-00013080-00013263": "projects we support", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00062-00013263-00013479": "the practical work with the soil and the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00063-00013480-00013622": "handling and care of the plants and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00064-00013623-00013871": "animals in the academy and tree nursery", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00065-00013872-00014079": "will show the possibilities the beauty", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00066-00014080-00014311": "of a life in harmony with nature", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00067-00014312-00014479": "with the help of internationalists we", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00068-00014480-00014663": "want to develop an environmentally", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00069-00014663-00014927": "conscious mentality an understanding and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00070-00014928-00015166": "practical knowledge of ecological living", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00071-00015168-00015335": "both among ourselves and throughout the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00072-00015336-00015543": "political structures and society of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00073-00015544-00015766": "rajawa", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00074-00015768-00015966": "the academy which along with the life", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00075-00015968-00016119": "and work within it is still under", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00076-00016119-00016247": "construction", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00077-00016247-00016422": "is designed according to ecological", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00078-00016423-00016679": "principles how best to utilize water", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00079-00016680-00016775": "soil", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00080-00016776-00017047": "air energy and waste is not only", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00081-00017048-00017303": "discussed in theory theoretically", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00082-00017304-00017550": "but also actually implemented in doing", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00083-00017551-00017703": "so we want to minimize our own", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00084-00017704-00017919": "contribution to pollution as well as", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00085-00017920-00018135": "become an example to similar projects", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00086-00018136-00018527": "working for a more ecological java", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00087-00018528-00018783": "education in society", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00088-00018784-00018935": "internationalists will work with the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00089-00018936-00019143": "local structures to organize education", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00090-00019144-00019286": "for the development of ecological", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00091-00019287-00019455": "awareness and knowledge", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00092-00019456-00019622": "it will take place in schools youth", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00093-00019623-00019847": "centres municipalities communes and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00094-00019848-00020014": "other institutions", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00095-00020015-00020175": "this part of the curriculum will also", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00096-00020176-00020367": "involve leaving the classroom trips to", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00097-00020368-00020614": "the hayaka nature reserve participation", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00098-00020615-00020767": "in planting work and the establishment", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00099-00020768-00020943": "of school gardens will make nature more", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00100-00020944-00021303": "vital and relevant", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00101-00021304-00021567": "a first station of the academy grounds", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00102-00021568-00021814": "in autumn 2018 we are going to begin the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00103-00021815-00022103": "first station of the academy grounds", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00104-00022104-00022294": "seven thousand two hundred square meters", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00105-00022295-00022486": "to the west north and east of the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00106-00022487-00022807": "academy will be planted with 2 000 trees", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00107-00022808-00023047": "mostly pines and fruit trees such as", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00108-00023048-00023463": "apple pistachio pomegranate cherry pier", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00109-00023464-00023671": "fig and apricot", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00110-00023672-00023927": "these will be irrigated and fertilized", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00111-00023928-00024111": "the gray water and organic fertilizer", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00112-00024112-00024335": "produced in the academy itself", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00113-00024336-00024558": "over the next few years olives grapes", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00114-00024559-00024767": "and oak trees will be planted in an area", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00115-00024768-00025055": "of 12 500 square meters on the rocky", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00116-00025056-00025278": "slopes to the south of the academy", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00117-00025279-00025447": "thus creating a forest that protects the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00118-00025448-00025655": "environment and provides a safe haven", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00119-00025656-00026031": "for local flora and fauna", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00120-00026032-00026311": "waste management and recycling", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00121-00026312-00026518": "separation is the basis of waste", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00122-00026519-00026727": "management at the academy", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00123-00026727-00026918": "organic waste such as leftover food and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00124-00026919-00027111": "paper is immediately separated from", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00125-00027112-00027302": "non-organic ways such as plastic or", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00126-00027304-00027439": "metal", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00127-00027439-00027623": "avoiding mixing the waste eliminates the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00128-00027624-00027846": "unpleasant and time-consuming task of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00129-00027847-00028055": "re-separating them later", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00130-00028056-00028207": "the non-organic waste is further", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00131-00028208-00028399": "subdivided by type", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00132-00028400-00028646": "instead of burying or burning the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00133-00028647-00028870": "inorganic waste and polluting water air", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00134-00028872-00029095": "and soil the waste is separated and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00135-00029095-00029335": "stored the first separation is between", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00136-00029336-00029518": "waste that poses a direct hazard to", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00137-00029519-00029646": "water and soil", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00138-00029647-00029846": "such as batteries or electronic waste", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00139-00029847-00030158": "and non-hazardous plastic or metal waste", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00140-00030160-00030351": "hazardous waste is stored away from", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00141-00030352-00030558": "where it could contaminate water sources", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00142-00030560-00030807": "the non-hazardous non-organic waste is", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00143-00030808-00030999": "cleaned for hygiene reasons and also", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00144-00031000-00031183": "stored", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00145-00031183-00031383": "plans are underway to recycle plastic", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00146-00031383-00031590": "and metal waste either on the academy", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00147-00031591-00031823": "site itself or in future joint projects", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00148-00031824-00031999": "with the democratic self-administration", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00149-00032000-00032207": "structures", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00150-00032208-00032358": "the organic waste produced by the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00151-00032360-00032583": "academy is converted into fertilizer and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00152-00032583-00032807": "used this avoids hygiene problems that", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00153-00032808-00033007": "arise when this waste is disposed of in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00154-00033008-00033135": "landfills", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00155-00033136-00033311": "and also save costs incurred by the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00156-00033312-00033574": "purchase of chemical fertilizers", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00157-00033575-00033807": "food leftovers paper and cardboard are", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00158-00033808-00033999": "collected and composed after a few", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00159-00034000-00034143": "months the compost turns into", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00160-00034144-00034399": "nutrient-rich humus that can be used to", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00161-00034400-00034623": "fertilize trees and vegetables on the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00162-00034624-00034767": "academy grounds", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00163-00034768-00034951": "the academy is expected to produce", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00164-00034952-00035143": "around 10 tonnes of organic waste each", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00165-00035144-00035335": "year which in turn will produce around", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00166-00035336-00035527": "one tonne of humus", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00167-00035528-00035687": "the grey water from our sinks and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00168-00035688-00035855": "showers will also be used for irrigation", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00169-00035856-00036102": "and fertilizer and the dry toilet system", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00170-00036103-00036255": "reduces the amount of black water", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00171-00036256-00036471": "produced allowing for the ecological use", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00172-00036472-00036911": "of the resulting wasteless fertilizer", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00173-00036912-00037102": "water management", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00174-00037103-00037262": "drinking water comes from a well in the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00175-00037263-00037479": "academy ground the wastewater can be", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00176-00037480-00037727": "divided in two categories", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00177-00037728-00037935": "gray water i.e the water from showers", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00178-00037936-00038215": "the kitchen etc and black water from the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00179-00038216-00038359": "toilets", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00180-00038360-00038518": "most of the academy's grey water is", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00181-00038519-00038679": "collected and used for both irrigation", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00182-00038680-00038862": "and fertilization this prevents", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00183-00038863-00039127": "pollution and saves water and fertilizer", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00184-00039128-00039311": "the grey water is first sent to a tank", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00185-00039312-00039479": "where sediment and grease is filtered", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00186-00039480-00039559": "out", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00187-00039560-00039711": "from there the water flows to another", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00188-00039712-00039943": "tank where it is stored for use", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00189-00039944-00040111": "the grey water is then used mainly for", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00190-00040112-00040287": "watering the trees", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00191-00040288-00040535": "this system saves around 2 500 liters of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00192-00040536-00040711": "water a day", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00193-00040712-00040879": "the black water produced is stored in a", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00194-00040880-00041071": "separate tank the research on the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00195-00041072-00041246": "technical implementation and use of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00196-00041247-00041430": "black water as fertilizer at the academy", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00197-00041431-00041718": "is still ongoing", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00198-00041719-00041902": "practical works", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00199-00041903-00042087": "although knowledge transfer and creation", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00200-00042088-00042255": "of ecological awareness will certainly", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00201-00042256-00042430": "be one of the strategic works in the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00202-00042431-00042590": "process of building the ecological", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00203-00042591-00042711": "society", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00204-00042712-00042902": "these educational activities must be", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00205-00042903-00043118": "followed by concrete steps", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00206-00043119-00043295": "one of the biggest problems in rojava is", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00207-00043296-00043487": "the lack of forests which has a negative", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00208-00043488-00043767": "effect on air quality soil erosion and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00209-00043768-00043958": "the increasing water shortage and the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00210-00043959-00044118": "economic and psychological well-being of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00211-00044119-00044279": "the population", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00212-00044280-00044462": "the planting of trees is a solution to", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00213-00044463-00044687": "many pressing issues it reduces soil", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00214-00044688-00044935": "erosion by wind and water and preserves", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00215-00044936-00045046": "the fertility of surrounding", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00216-00045047-00045279": "agricultural land in areas such as the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00217-00045280-00045558": "hayaka nature reserve reforestation also", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00218-00045559-00045758": "serves to protect watersheds and restore", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00219-00045759-00045999": "biodiversity", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00220-00046000-00046183": "while economic activities such as timber", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00221-00046184-00046383": "production or agroforestry can play a", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00222-00046384-00046543": "role in the long term", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00223-00046544-00046774": "massive reduction of co2 to reduce the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00224-00046775-00046943": "greenhouse effect is vital for all", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00225-00046944-00047079": "humanity", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00226-00047080-00047279": "to make all this possible a lot of work", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00227-00047280-00047439": "is needed in rojava", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00228-00047440-00047646": "lost knowledge lack of awareness and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00229-00047647-00047855": "economic challenges call for systematic", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00230-00047856-00048174": "and practical solutions", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00231-00048175-00048511": "the tree cooperative", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00232-00048512-00048662": "an essential part of the ecological", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00233-00048663-00048846": "strategy of the self administration in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00234-00048847-00049083": "rojava is the development of tree", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00235-00049084-00049358": "nurseries most existing nurseries in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00236-00049359-00049543": "northern syria are owned by private", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00237-00049544-00049758": "companies making planting trees an", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00238-00049759-00050007": "expensive affair for many", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00239-00050008-00050183": "to help solve this problem we started", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00240-00050184-00050351": "the construction of a nursery on the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00241-00050352-00050630": "grounds of the internationalist academy", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00242-00050631-00050927": "in 2018 alone more than 50 000 shoots", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00243-00050928-00051135": "will be planted and raised on an area of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00244-00051136-00051350": "5 000 square meters", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00245-00051351-00051526": "the focus will be on fruit trees with a", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00246-00051527-00051702": "special emphasis given to plants that", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00247-00051703-00051894": "are tolerant of arid conditions such as", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00248-00051895-00052102": "olive and oak", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00249-00052103-00052319": "the nursery will provide both the hayaka", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00250-00052320-00052503": "nature reserve and the local political", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00251-00052504-00052647": "structures such as communities", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00252-00052648-00052815": "cooperatives institutions and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00253-00052816-00052966": "municipalities", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00254-00052967-00053199": "with trees and other plants", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00255-00053200-00053359": "it will also be a place for practical", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00256-00053360-00053494": "research", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00257-00053495-00053679": "through targeted interventions and the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00258-00053679-00053854": "use of alternative methods and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00259-00053855-00054142": "technologies in the areas of water use", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00260-00054144-00054319": "fertilization and recycling will", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00261-00054320-00054542": "contribute to the reforestation of our", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00262-00054544-00054711": "java", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00263-00054712-00054871": "the nursery will be organized as a", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00264-00054872-00055071": "non-profit cooperative and the work", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00265-00055072-00055254": "there will be part of the training at", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00266-00055255-00055494": "the internationalist academy", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00267-00055495-00055679": "all internationalists will contribute", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00268-00055679-00055894": "their labor power to the reforestation", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00269-00055895-00056023": "project", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00270-00056024-00056223": "this will allow us to deliver trees at", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00271-00056224-00056382": "an affordable price", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00272-00056383-00056559": "our goal is to provide trees at about", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00273-00056560-00056719": "half of the cost of those from", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00274-00056720-00056950": "profit-oriented nurseries", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00275-00056951-00057150": "the surplus of the tree cooperative", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00276-00057151-00057359": "after deducting all costs such as", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00277-00057360-00057591": "transport technology construction tools", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00278-00057591-00057815": "and working materials will be invested", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00279-00057816-00058119": "in the expansion of the nursery 25", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00280-00058120-00058247": "the works of the internationalist", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00281-00058248-00058407": "academy 25", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00282-00058408-00058615": "and in the reforestation of the hayaka", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00283-00058616-00059079": "nature reserve 50 percent", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00284-00059079-00059303": "the hayaka nature reserve", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00285-00059304-00059511": "the nature of servo hayaka is a few", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00286-00059512-00059766": "kilometers west of the town derek in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00287-00059767-00059991": "caesar canton", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00288-00059991-00060230": "it is named after the adjacent village", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00289-00060232-00060430": "and comprises a mainly popular covered", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00290-00060432-00060759": "forest area of more than 200 hectares", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00291-00060760-00061023": "and the lake stefan reservoir which was", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00292-00061024-00061279": "created in the 1990s by the damming of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00293-00061279-00061566": "31 different source streams", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00294-00061567-00061750": "many wildlife and plant species that", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00295-00061751-00061942": "have been displaced by deforestation and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00296-00061944-00062215": "monoculture have found refuge in hayaka", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00297-00062216-00062375": "nature reserve", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00298-00062376-00062679": "despite habitat loss and hunting wolves", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00299-00062679-00062919": "foxes wild pigs many different species", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00300-00062920-00063159": "of birds and other small animals were", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00301-00063160-00063399": "all able to survive in the small forest", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00302-00063400-00063599": "areas around the lake", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00303-00063600-00063799": "to preserve this natural biodiversity", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00304-00063800-00063935": "and some of the lost forests in the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00305-00063936-00064099": "region the democratic", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00306-00064100-00064326": "self-administration declared the area a", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00307-00064327-00064623": "nature reserve in 2014", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00308-00064624-00064799": "hunting fishing construction of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00309-00064800-00064942": "buildings and agriculture were", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00310-00064944-00065166": "prohibited in the reserve", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00311-00065167-00065375": "at the same time the first station of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00312-00065376-00065599": "the lake show began with a long-term", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00313-00065600-00065847": "plan to plant more than 100 000 trees", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00314-00065848-00066047": "around the lake over a length of 14", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00315-00066048-00066215": "kilometers", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00316-00066216-00066391": "work is also being done to establish", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00317-00066392-00066567": "beekeeping in the reserve and to make", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00318-00066568-00066759": "the variety of herbs available there", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00319-00066760-00067015": "accessible for medical research", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00320-00067016-00067287": "the preservation expansion and continued", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00321-00067288-00067494": "deforestation of the hayaka nature", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00322-00067495-00067679": "reserve as an integral part of the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00323-00067680-00067847": "campaign", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00324-00067848-00067999": "both through the practical work of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00325-00068000-00068206": "internationalists in the nature reserve", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00326-00068207-00068431": "and through financial support of the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00327-00068432-00068647": "reforestation we want to develop an", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00328-00068648-00068871": "ecological perspective for the region", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00329-00068872-00069103": "that encompasses the local population", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00330-00069104-00069471": "and their economic needs", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00331-00069472-00069871": "organizational worldwide solidarity", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00332-00069872-00070079": "the third main aspect of the macro java", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00333-00070080-00070247": "green again campaign will be the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00334-00070248-00070455": "organization of global solidarity", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00335-00070456-00070647": "through our campaign and outreach we", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00336-00070648-00070815": "want to build a bridge between the local", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00337-00070816-00071015": "communal entities of the democratic", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00338-00071016-00071223": "self-administration and ecological", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00339-00071224-00071415": "projects in northern syria", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00340-00071416-00071638": "and interested activists experts", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00341-00071639-00071935": "academics institutions and organizations", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00342-00071936-00072143": "from all over the world", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00343-00072144-00072287": "of course one of the best ways to", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00344-00072288-00072479": "promote this ecological work is to get", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00345-00072480-00072679": "involved here in rojava but this", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00346-00072680-00072903": "possibility is not open to all people", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00347-00072904-00073087": "coming to rojava is difficult because of", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00348-00073088-00073238": "the political situation in the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00349-00073239-00073447": "surrounding countries and sometimes the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00350-00073448-00073679": "route is completely closed", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00351-00073680-00073831": "that's why several months should be", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00352-00073832-00074126": "planned for any stay in northern syria", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00353-00074127-00074375": "nevertheless there are many ways to help", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00354-00074376-00074599": "whether in rojava itself or from outside", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00355-00074600-00074775": "solidarity and struggle for an", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00356-00074776-00075159": "ecological society know no borders", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00357-00075160-00075462": "financial support of the works", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00358-00075463-00075638": "although many of the ecological works in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00359-00075639-00075823": "rojava as well as the work of the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00360-00075824-00075967": "internationalists in the tree", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00361-00075968-00076143": "cooperative and the hayaka nature", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00362-00076144-00076423": "reserve are voluntary and unpaid", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00363-00076424-00076655": "we like the other local structures", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00364-00076656-00076903": "depend on financial resources", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00365-00076904-00077223": "technology machinery tools materials and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00366-00077224-00077447": "transport costs as well as all wages for", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00367-00077448-00077543": "skill", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00368-00077544-00077815": "local labor cost money", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00369-00077816-00077991": "if you want to strengthen the campaign", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00370-00077992-00078143": "and other ecological projects in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00371-00078144-00078359": "northern syria and safeguard them over", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00372-00078360-00078471": "the long term", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00373-00078472-00078631": "you can contribute to building the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00374-00078632-00078838": "ecological society through financial", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00375-00078839-00078975": "support", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00376-00078976-00079167": "to give the projects more planning", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00377-00079168-00079415": "security regular monthly donations are", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00378-00079416-00079711": "even better and are greatly appreciated", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00379-00079712-00079894": "all donations will be used to build", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00380-00079895-00080111": "maintain and further develop ecological", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00381-00080112-00080279": "projects in rojava", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00382-00080280-00080471": "beginning with the tree cooperative and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00383-00080472-00080767": "support for the hayaka nature reserve", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00384-00080768-00080967": "knowledge exchange project development", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00385-00080968-00081206": "and ideas for an ecological java in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00386-00081207-00081367": "northern syria", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00387-00081368-00081519": "there is a great need for more", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00388-00081520-00081782": "ecological awareness expert knowledge", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00389-00081783-00081991": "and committed scientists", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00390-00081992-00082199": "possibilities include remote video", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00391-00082200-00082367": "exchange the training over java", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00392-00082368-00082575": "specialists here abroad or direct work", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00393-00082576-00082831": "on projects in northern syria just as", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00394-00082832-00083031": "the world can learn from java in many", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00395-00083032-00083279": "ways rojava also has much to learn from", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00396-00083280-00083391": "the world", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00397-00083392-00083526": "that is why we are looking for", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00398-00083527-00083750": "interested and committed activists", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00399-00083751-00083982": "experts people with technical skills and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00400-00083983-00084191": "scientists with ideas for planning and", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00401-00084192-00084391": "implementing ecological projects in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00402-00084392-00084631": "northern syria and for developing a more", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00403-00084632-00084806": "ecological rejava", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00404-00084807-00085015": "in particular we are looking for people", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00405-00085016-00085223": "with expertise and experience in the", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00406-00085224-00085494": "following areas", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00407-00085495-00085703": "sustainable forestry and agriculture in", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00408-00085704-00085926": "semi-arid regions", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00409-00085927-00086143": "water use and sanitation", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00410-00086144-00086359": "ecological sustainability and renewable", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00411-00086360-00086511": "energies", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00412-00086512-00086791": "mechanical and electrical engineering", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00413-00086792-00087062": "physics chemistry and biology especially", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00414-00087063-00087823": "botany", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00415-00087824-00088006": "this has been a production of audible", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00416-00088007-00088191": "anarchist you can find more audible", "jH4PoUV5VNk-00417-00088192-00088580": "anarchists on youtube"}}, {"audio_id": "jIlLSjSYJuY", "text": {"jIlLSjSYJuY-00000-00000050-00000274": "the book of Genesis from the Latin", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00001-00000275-00000432": "Vulgate in turn borrowed are", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00002-00000433-00000671": "transliterated from Greek Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00003-00000672-00001087": "meaning origin Hebrew bears at present", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00004-00001088-00001435": "in the beginning is the first book of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00005-00001436-00001642": "the Hebrew Bible the Tanakh and the Old", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00006-00001643-00001923": "Testament it can be divided into two", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00007-00001924-00002197": "parts the primeval history chapters 1 2", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00008-00002198-00002460": "11 and the ancestral history chapters 12", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00009-00002461-00002766": "to 50 the primeval history sets out the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00010-00002767-00002976": "authors or authors concepts of the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00011-00002977-00003159": "nature of the deity and of humankind's", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00012-00003160-00003376": "relationship with its maker God creates", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00013-00003377-00003529": "a world which is good and fit for", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00014-00003529-00003721": "mankind but when man corrupts it with", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00015-00003722-00003934": "sin God decides to destroy his creation", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00016-00003935-00004147": "saving only the righteous Noah to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00017-00004148-00004315": "re-establish the relationship between", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00018-00004316-00004573": "man and God the ancestral history", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00019-00004574-00004810": "chapters 12 to 50 tells of the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00020-00004811-00005023": "prehistory of Israel God's chosen people", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00021-00005024-00005302": "at God's command knows descendant", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00022-00005303-00005488": "Abraham journeys from his home into the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00023-00005489-00005722": "land of Canaan given to him by God where", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00024-00005723-00005929": "he dwells as a sojourner as does his son", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00025-00005930-00006229": "Isaac and his grandson Jacob Jacob's", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00026-00006230-00006411": "name has changed to Israel and through", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00027-00006412-00006604": "the agency of his son Joseph the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00028-00006605-00006862": "children of Israel descend into Egypt 70", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00029-00006863-00007045": "people in all with their households and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00030-00007045-00007298": "God promises them a future of greatness", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00031-00007300-00007576": "Genesis ends with Israel in Egypt ready", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00032-00007577-00007770": "for the coming of Moses and the Exodus", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00033-00007772-00008062": "the narrative is punctuated by a series", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00034-00008063-00008260": "of covenants with God successively", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00035-00008261-00008473": "narrowing in scope from o mankind the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00036-00008474-00008641": "covenant with Noah to a special", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00037-00008642-00008818": "relationship with one people alone", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00038-00008819-00008983": "Abraham and his descendants through", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00039-00008984-00009196": "Isaac and Jacob in Judaism the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00040-00009197-00009385": "theological importance of Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00041-00009386-00009574": "centers on the covenants linking God to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00042-00009575-00009757": "his chosen people and the people to the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00043-00009758-00010006": "promised land Christianity has", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00044-00010007-00010210": "interpreted Genesis as the prefiguration", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00045-00010211-00010408": "of certain Cardinal Christian beliefs", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00046-00010409-00010627": "primarily the need for salvation the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00047-00010628-00010828": "hope or assurance of all Christians and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00048-00010829-00010989": "the redemptive act of Christ on the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00049-00010990-00011164": "cross as a fulfillment of covenant", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00050-00011165-00011470": "promises as the Son of God tradition", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00051-00011471-00011677": "credits Moses as the author of Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00052-00011678-00011859": "as well as the books of Exodus Leviticus", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00053-00011860-00012135": "numbers in most of Deuteronomy but", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00054-00012136-00012352": "modern scholars increasingly see them as", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00055-00012353-00012553": "a product to the 6th and 5th centuries", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00056-00012554-00013119": "BC", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00057-00013120-00013654": "topic structure", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00058-00013655-00013876": "Genesis appears to be structured around", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00059-00013877-00014107": "the recurring phrase la Toledo meaning", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00060-00014108-00014407": "these are the generations with the first", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00061-00014408-00014583": "use of the phrase referring to the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00062-00014584-00014881": "generations of heaven and earth and the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00063-00014882-00015138": "remainder marking individuals knoweth", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00064-00015140-00015556": "the sons of Noah Shem etc down to Jacob", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00065-00015557-00015811": "it is not clear however what this meant", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00066-00015812-00016021": "to the original authors and most modern", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00067-00016022-00016225": "commentators divided into two parts", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00068-00016226-00016459": "based on subject matter a primeval", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00069-00016460-00016791": "history chapters 1 to 11 and a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00070-00016792-00017149": "patriarchal history chapters 12 to 50", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00071-00017150-00017350": "while the first is far shorter than the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00072-00017351-00017572": "second it sets out the basic themes and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00073-00017573-00017728": "provides an interpretive key for", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00074-00017729-00017971": "understanding the entire book the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00075-00017972-00018277": "primeval history has a symmetrical", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00076-00018278-00018529": "structure hinging on chapters 6 to 9 the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00077-00018530-00018712": "flood story with the events before the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00078-00018713-00018915": "flood mirrored by the events after the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00079-00018916-00019204": "ancestral history is structured around", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00080-00019205-00019456": "the three patriarchs Abraham Jacob and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00081-00019457-00019684": "Joseph the stories of Isaac do not make", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00082-00019685-00019882": "up a coherent cycle of stories and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00083-00019883-00020068": "function as a bridge between the cycles", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00084-00020069-00020691": "of Abraham and Jacob", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00085-00020692-00021207": "topic summary", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00086-00021208-00021453": "God creates the world in six days and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00087-00021454-00021698": "consecrates the seventh as a day of rest", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00088-00021699-00021987": "God creates the first humans Adam and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00089-00021988-00022158": "even all the animals in the Garden of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00090-00022159-00022341": "Eden but instructs them not to eat the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00091-00022342-00022479": "fruit of the tree of knowledge of good", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00092-00022480-00022545": "and evil", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00093-00022546-00022773": "a talking serpent portrayed as a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00094-00022774-00023001": "deceptive creature or trickster entices", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00095-00023002-00023160": "Eve into eating it anyway and she", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00096-00023161-00023382": "entices Adam whereupon God throws them", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00097-00023383-00023619": "out and curses them Adam - getting what", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00098-00023620-00023817": "he needs only by sweat and work and Eve", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00099-00023818-00024036": "- giving birth in pain this is", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00100-00024037-00024234": "interpreted by Christians as the fall of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00101-00024235-00024534": "humanity Eve bears two sons Cain and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00102-00024535-00024813": "Abel Cain kills Abel after God accepts", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00103-00024814-00025077": "Abel's offering but not Cain's God then", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00104-00025078-00025350": "curses Cain Eve bears another son Seth", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00105-00025351-00025647": "to take Abel's place after many", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00106-00025648-00025850": "generations of Adam have passed from the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00107-00025851-00026061": "lines of Cain and Seth the world becomes", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00108-00026062-00026268": "corrupted by human sin and Nephilim and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00109-00026269-00026477": "God determines to wipe out humanity", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00110-00026477-00026742": "first he instructs the righteous Noah", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00111-00026743-00026937": "and his family to build an ark and put", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00112-00026938-00027152": "examples of all the animals on it seven", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00113-00027154-00027363": "pairs of every clean animal and one pair", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00114-00027364-00027639": "of every unclean then God sends a great", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00115-00027639-00027824": "flood to wipe out the rest of the world", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00116-00027825-00028122": "when the waters recede God promises that", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00117-00028123-00028320": "he will not destroy the world a second", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00118-00028320-00028479": "time with water with the rainbow as a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00119-00028480-00028788": "symbol of his promise God sees mankind", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00120-00028789-00028986": "cooperating to build a great tower city", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00121-00028987-00029229": "the Tower of Babel and divides humanity", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00122-00029230-00029406": "with many languages and sets him apart", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00123-00029407-00029754": "with confusion God instructs Abram to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00124-00029755-00029955": "travel from his home in Mesopotamia to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00125-00029956-00030231": "the land of Canaan there God makes a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00126-00030232-00030420": "covenant with Abram promising that his", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00127-00030420-00030600": "descendants shall be as numerous as the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00128-00030601-00030762": "stars but that people will suffer", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00129-00030763-00030981": "oppression in a foreign land for 400", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00130-00030982-00031164": "years after which they will inherit the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00131-00031164-00031377": "land from the river of Egypt to the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00132-00031377-00031683": "great river the river Euphrates", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00133-00031684-00031908": "Abraham's name has changed to Abraham", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00134-00031909-00032094": "and that of his wife Sarai to Sarah and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00135-00032095-00032332": "circumcision of all males is instituted", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00136-00032333-00032541": "as the sign of the Covenant because", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00137-00032542-00032793": "Sarah is old she tells Abraham to take", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00138-00032794-00032991": "her Egyptian handmaiden Hagar as a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00139-00032992-00033282": "second wife through Hagar Abraham", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00140-00033283-00033615": "father's Ishmael God resolves to destroy", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00141-00033616-00033801": "the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah for the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00142-00033802-00034092": "sins of their people Abraham protests", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00143-00034093-00034302": "and gets God to agree not to destroy the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00144-00034303-00034532": "cities if ten righteous men can be found", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00145-00034533-00034810": "angels save Abraham's nephew lot and his", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00146-00034811-00035001": "family but his wife looks back in the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00147-00035002-00035187": "destruction against their command and is", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00148-00035188-00035433": "turned into a pillar of salt Lots", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00149-00035434-00035577": "daughters concerned that they are", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00150-00035578-00035779": "fugitives who will never find husbands", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00151-00035780-00035973": "get him drunk to become pregnant by him", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00152-00035974-00036162": "and give birth to the ancestors of the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00153-00036163-00036504": "Moabites and ammonites Abraham and Sarah", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00154-00036505-00036690": "go to the Philistine town of Gerar", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00155-00036691-00036904": "pretending to be brother and sister they", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00156-00036905-00037143": "are half-siblings the king of Gerar", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00157-00037144-00037383": "takes Sarah for his wife but God warns", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00158-00037384-00037704": "him to return her and he obeys God sends", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00159-00037705-00037926": "Sarah son to be named Isaac through whom", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00160-00037927-00038117": "the Covenant will be established at", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00161-00038118-00038376": "Sarah's insistence Ishmael and his", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00162-00038377-00038544": "mother Hagar are driven out into the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00163-00038545-00038730": "wilderness but God saves them and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00164-00038731-00038973": "promises to make Ishmael a great nation", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00165-00038974-00039267": "God tests Abraham by demanding that he", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00166-00039268-00039549": "sacrifice Isaac as Abraham is about to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00167-00039550-00039765": "lay the knife upon his son God restrains", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00168-00039766-00039967": "him promising him numberless descendants", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00169-00039968-00040279": "on the death of Sarah Abraham purchases", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00170-00040280-00040470": "Machpelah believed to be modern Hebron", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00171-00040471-00040677": "for a family tomb and sends his servant", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00172-00040678-00040854": "to Mesopotamia to find among his", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00173-00040855-00041064": "relations a wife for Isaac and Rebekah", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00174-00041065-00041331": "is chosen other children are born to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00175-00041332-00041535": "Abraham by another wife Keturah", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00176-00041536-00041670": "among whose descendants are the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00177-00041671-00041850": "Midianites and he dies in a prosperous", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00178-00041851-00042060": "old age and is buried in his tomb at", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00179-00042061-00042381": "Hebron Isaac's wife Rebekah gives birth", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00180-00042382-00042561": "to the twins Esau father of the [__]", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00181-00042562-00042904": "and Jacob through deception jacob", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00182-00042905-00043083": "becomes the air instead of esau and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00183-00043084-00043348": "gains his father's blessing he flees to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00184-00043349-00043527": "his uncle where he prospers and earns", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00185-00043528-00043830": "his two wives Rachel and Leah Jacob's", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00186-00043831-00044025": "name is changed to Israel and by his", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00187-00044026-00044185": "wives and their handmaidens he has", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00188-00044186-00044398": "twelve sons the ancestors of the twelve", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00189-00044399-00044589": "tribes of the children of Israel and a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00190-00044590-00044729": "daughter Dinah", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00191-00044730-00045046": "Joseph Jacobs favorite son is sold in", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00192-00045047-00045264": "slavery in Egypt by his jealous brothers", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00193-00045265-00045589": "but Joseph prospers after hardship with", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00194-00045590-00045769": "God's guidance of interpreting Pharaoh's", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00195-00045770-00046024": "dream of upcoming famine he is then", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00196-00046025-00046204": "reunited with his father and brothers", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00197-00046205-00046423": "who fail to recognize him and plead for", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00198-00046424-00046732": "food after much manipulation he reveals", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00199-00046733-00046876": "himself and lets them in their", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00200-00046877-00047056": "households into Egypt where Pharaoh", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00201-00047057-00047347": "assigns to them the land of Goshen Jacob", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00202-00047348-00047536": "calls his sons to his bedside and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00203-00047537-00047748": "reveals their future before he dies", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00204-00047749-00048013": "Joseph lives to an old age and exhorts", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00205-00048014-00048196": "his brethren if God should lead them out", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00206-00048197-00048379": "of the country to take his bones with", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00207-00048380-00048908": "them", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00208-00048909-00049784": "topic composition", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00209-00049785-00050427": "topic title and textual witnesses", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00210-00050428-00050686": "Genesis takes its Hebrew title from the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00211-00050687-00050836": "first word of the first sentence", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00212-00050837-00051130": "Bereshit meaning in the beginning of in", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00213-00051131-00051346": "the Greek Septuagint it was called", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00214-00051347-00051621": "Genesis from the phrase the generations", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00215-00051622-00051904": "of heaven and earth there are four major", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00216-00051904-00052104": "textual witnesses to the book the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00217-00052105-00052341": "Masoretic text the Samaritan Pentateuch", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00218-00052342-00052566": "the Septuagint and fragments of Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00219-00052567-00052825": "found at Qumran the Qumran group", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00220-00052826-00053016": "provides the oldest manuscripts but", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00221-00053017-00053194": "covers only a small proportion of the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00222-00053195-00053430": "book in general the Masoretic text is", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00223-00053432-00053620": "well preserved and reliable but there", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00224-00053621-00053812": "are many individual instances where the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00225-00053813-00053979": "other versions preserve a superior", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00226-00053980-00054497": "reading", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00227-00054498-00055015": "topic origins", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00228-00055016-00055240": "for much of the 20th century most", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00229-00055241-00055432": "scholars agree that the five books of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00230-00055433-00055672": "the Pentateuch Genesis Exodus Leviticus", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00231-00055673-00056026": "numbers and Deuteronomy came from four", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00232-00056027-00056275": "sources the yahwist the L o hist the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00233-00056276-00056428": "deuteronomist and the priestly source", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00234-00056429-00056677": "each telling the same basic story and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00235-00056678-00056974": "joined together by various editors since", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00236-00056975-00057223": "the 1970s there has been a revolution in", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00237-00057224-00057439": "scholarship the L o hist source is now", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00238-00057440-00057613": "widely regarded as no more than a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00239-00057614-00057790": "variation on the yahwist while the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00240-00057791-00057979": "priestly source has increasingly seen", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00241-00057979-00058159": "not as a document but as a body of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00242-00058160-00058363": "revisions and expansions to the yahwist", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00243-00058364-00058702": "or non priestly material the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00244-00058703-00058900": "deuteronomistic source does not appear", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00245-00058901-00059116": "in genesis examples of repeated and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00246-00059116-00059280": "duplicate stories are used to identify", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00247-00059282-00059611": "the separate sources in genesis these", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00248-00059612-00059785": "include three different accounts of the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00249-00059786-00059974": "patriarch claiming that his wife was his", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00250-00059975-00060199": "sister the two creation stories and the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00251-00060200-00060409": "two versions of abraham sending Hagar", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00252-00060410-00060601": "and Ishmael into the desert this leaves", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00253-00060602-00060763": "the question of when these works were", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00254-00060764-00061033": "created scholars in the first half of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00255-00061034-00061252": "the 20th century came to the conclusion", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00256-00061253-00061404": "that the yahwist was produced in the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00257-00061405-00061617": "monarchic period specifically at the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00258-00061619-00061882": "court of Solomon 10th century BC and the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00259-00061883-00062050": "priestly work in the middle of the 5th", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00260-00062051-00062263": "century BC the author was even", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00261-00062264-00062473": "identified as Ezra but more recent", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00262-00062474-00062632": "thinking is that the yahwist was written", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00263-00062633-00062782": "either just before or during the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00264-00062783-00063061": "Babylonian exile of the 6th century BC", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00265-00063062-00063262": "and the priestly final edition was made", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00266-00063263-00063478": "late in the exilic period or soon after", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00267-00063479-00063697": "as for why the book was created a theory", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00268-00063698-00063883": "which has gained considerable interest", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00269-00063884-00064141": "although still controversial as Persian", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00270-00064141-00064459": "Imperial authorization this proposes", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00271-00064460-00064605": "that the Persians of the Achaemenid", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00272-00064607-00064825": "Empire after their conquest of Babylon", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00273-00064826-00065137": "in 539 BC agreed to grant Jerusalem a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00274-00065138-00065341": "large measure of local autonomy within", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00275-00065341-00065527": "the Empire but required the local", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00276-00065528-00065704": "authorities to produce a single lock", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00277-00065705-00065881": "code accepted by the entire community", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00278-00065882-00066178": "the two powerful groups making up the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00279-00066179-00066412": "community the priestly families who", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00280-00066413-00066559": "controlled the temple and who traced", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00281-00066560-00066751": "their origin to Moses and the wilderness", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00282-00066752-00066922": "wanderings and the major land owning", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00283-00066923-00067222": "families who made up the elders and who", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00284-00067223-00067444": "traced their own origins to Abraham who", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00285-00067445-00067786": "had given them the land were in conflict", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00286-00067787-00068007": "over many issues and each had its own", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00287-00068008-00068311": "history of origins but the Persian", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00288-00068312-00068383": "promise of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00289-00068384-00068584": "lately increased local autonomy for all", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00290-00068585-00068770": "provided a powerful incentive to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00291-00068771-00069465": "cooperate in producing a single text", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00292-00069466-00069955": "topic genre", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00293-00069956-00070201": "Genesis is perhaps best seen as an", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00294-00070202-00070399": "example of a creation myth a type of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00295-00070400-00070543": "literature telling of the first", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00296-00070544-00070738": "appearance of humans the stories of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00297-00070739-00070957": "ancestors and heroes and the origins of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00298-00070958-00071246": "culture cities and so forth the most", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00299-00071247-00071431": "notable examples are found in the work", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00300-00071432-00071636": "of brick historians of the 6th century", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00301-00071637-00071855": "BC their intention was to connect", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00302-00071856-00072041": "notable families of their own day to a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00303-00072042-00072250": "distant and heroic past and in doing so", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00304-00072251-00072440": "they did not distinguish between myth", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00305-00072441-00072779": "legend and facts professor John Lewis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00306-00072780-00073004": "Cove the Pontifical biblical Institute", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00307-00073005-00073193": "calls the basic rule of the antiquarian", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00308-00073194-00073486": "historian the love conservation", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00309-00073487-00073697": "everything old is valuable", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00310-00073698-00073963": "nothing is eliminated ska also points", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00311-00073964-00074171": "out the purpose behind such antiquarian", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00312-00074172-00074378": "histories antiquity is needed to prove", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00313-00074379-00074549": "the worth of Israel's traditions to the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00314-00074550-00074735": "nation's the neighbors of the Jews in", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00315-00074736-00074954": "early Persian Palestine and to reconcile", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00316-00074955-00075137": "and unite the various factions within", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00317-00075138-00075745": "Israel itself", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00318-00075746-00076431": "topic themes", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00319-00076432-00076609": "you", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00320-00076610-00077205": "topic promises to the ancestors", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00321-00077206-00077520": "in 1978 David Klein's published his", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00322-00077521-00077694": "influential the theme of the pentateuch", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00323-00077695-00077883": "influential because he was one of the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00324-00077884-00078051": "first to take up the question of the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00325-00078052-00078339": "theme of the entire five books clients", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00326-00078340-00078513": "conclusion was that the overall theme is", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00327-00078514-00078783": "the partial fulfillment which implies", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00328-00078784-00079023": "also the partial non fulfillment of the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00329-00079024-00079289": "promise to or blessing of the patriarchs", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00330-00079290-00079605": "by calling the fulfillment partial", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00331-00079606-00079824": "clients was drawing attention to the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00332-00079825-00080001": "fact that at the end of Deuteronomy the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00333-00080002-00080199": "people are still outside Canaan the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00334-00080200-00080439": "patriarchs or ancestors are Abraham", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00335-00080440-00080643": "Isaac and Jacob with their wives", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00336-00080644-00080928": "Joseph is normally excluded since the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00337-00080929-00081204": "name yhw H had not been revealed to them", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00338-00081205-00081366": "they worship L in his various", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00339-00081367-00081477": "manifestations", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00340-00081478-00081684": "it is however worth noting that in the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00341-00081685-00081894": "jahwist source the patriarchs refer to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00342-00081895-00082206": "deity by the name yhw H for example in", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00343-00082207-00082392": "Genesis chapter 15 through the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00344-00082393-00082605": "patriarchs God announces the election of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00345-00082606-00082821": "Israel meaning that he has chosen Israel", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00346-00082822-00083004": "to be his special people and committed", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00347-00083005-00083268": "himself to their future God tells the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00348-00083269-00083439": "patriarchs that he will be faithful to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00349-00083440-00083646": "their descendants ie to Israel and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00350-00083647-00083859": "Israel is expected to have faith in God", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00351-00083860-00084162": "and his promise faith in the context of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00352-00084163-00084342": "Genesis and the Hebrew Bible means", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00353-00084343-00084552": "agreement to the promissory relationship", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00354-00084553-00084783": "not a body of belief the promise itself", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00355-00084784-00085041": "has three parts offspring blessings and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00356-00085042-00085305": "land the fulfillment of the promise to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00357-00085306-00085506": "each patriarch depends on having a male", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00358-00085507-00085677": "heir and the story is constantly", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00359-00085678-00085848": "complicated by the fact that each", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00360-00085849-00086079": "prospective mother Sarah Rebecca and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00361-00086080-00086397": "Rachel is barren the ancestors however", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00362-00086398-00086586": "retain their faith in God and God in", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00363-00086587-00086826": "each case gives a son in Jacobs case", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00364-00086827-00087060": "twelve sons the foundation of the chosen", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00365-00087061-00087375": "Israelites all three promises are more", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00366-00087376-00087546": "richly fulfilled in each succeeding", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00367-00087547-00087768": "generation and tell through Joseph all", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00368-00087769-00088065": "the world is saved from famine and by", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00369-00088066-00088248": "bringing the children of Israel down to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00370-00088249-00088416": "Egypt he becomes the means through which", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00371-00088417-00089049": "the promise can be fulfilled", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00372-00089050-00089637": "topic God's chosen people", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00373-00089638-00089871": "scholars generally agree that the theme", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00374-00089872-00090087": "of divine promise unites the patriarchal", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00375-00090088-00090273": "cycles but many would dispute the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00376-00090274-00090483": "efficacy of trying to examine Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00377-00090484-00090657": "theology by pursuing a single", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00378-00090658-00090873": "overarching theme instead citing is more", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00379-00090874-00091071": "productive the analysis of the Abraham", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00380-00091072-00091299": "cycle the Jacob cycle and the Joseph", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00381-00091300-00091485": "cycle and the yahwist and priestly", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00382-00091486-00091770": "sources the problem lies in finding a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00383-00091771-00091959": "way to unite the patriarchal theme of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00384-00091960-00092166": "divine promise to the stories of Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00385-00092167-00092385": "chapters 1 to 11 the primeval history", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00386-00092386-00092598": "with their theme of God's forgiveness in", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00387-00092599-00092844": "the face of man's evil nature one", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00388-00092845-00093030": "solution is to see the patriarchal", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00389-00093031-00093219": "stories as resulting from God's decision", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00390-00093220-00093474": "not to remain alienated from mankind God", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00391-00093475-00093672": "creates the world and mankind mankind", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00392-00093673-00094095": "rebels and God elects chooses Abraham to", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00393-00094096-00094278": "this basic plot which comes from the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00394-00094279-00094488": "yahwist the priestly source has added a", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00395-00094489-00094677": "series of covenants dividing history", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00396-00094678-00094833": "into stages each with its own", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00397-00094834-00095163": "distinctive sign the first covenant is", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00398-00095164-00095364": "between God and all living creatures and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00399-00095365-00095559": "is marked by the sign of the rainbow the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00400-00095560-00095697": "second is with the descendants of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00401-00095698-00095904": "Abraham Ishmaelites and others as well", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00402-00095905-00096081": "as Israelites and it's sign is", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00403-00096082-00096303": "circumcision and the last which doesn't", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00404-00096304-00096495": "appear until the book of Exodus is with", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00405-00096496-00096702": "Israel alone and it's sign of Sabbath", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00406-00096703-00096972": "each covenant is mediated by a great", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00407-00096973-00097242": "leader Noah Abraham Moses and at each", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00408-00097243-00097440": "stage God progressively reveals himself", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00409-00097441-00097692": "by his name Elohim with Noah el shaddai", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00410-00097693-00098419": "with Abraham Yahweh with Moses", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00411-00098420-00099115": "topic Judaism's weekly Torah portions", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00412-00099116-00099415": "Bereshit on Genesis chapters 1 to 6", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00413-00099416-00099715": "creation Eden Adam and Eve Cain and Abel", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00414-00099716-00100057": "Lamech wickedness note on Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00415-00100058-00100330": "chapter 6 to 11 Noah's Ark the flood", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00416-00100331-00100569": "knows drunkenness the Tower of Babel", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00417-00100570-00100945": "Lech lecha on Genesis chapters 12 to 17", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00418-00100946-00101251": "Abraham Sarah lot covenant Hagar and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00419-00101252-00101629": "Ishmael circumcision vieira on Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00420-00101630-00101908": "chapters 18 to 22 abraham's visitors", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00421-00101909-00102202": "sodomites plots visitors in flight Hagar", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00422-00102203-00102547": "expelled Binding of Isaac Shia Sara on", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00423-00102548-00102892": "Genesis chapters 23 to 25 Sara buried", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00424-00102893-00103228": "Rebekah for Isaac Toledo on Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00425-00103229-00103573": "chapters 25 to 28 Esau and Jacob Esau's", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00426-00103574-00103648": "birthright", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00427-00103649-00103954": "Isaac's blessing Fayed's on Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00428-00103955-00104280": "chapters 28 to 32 Jacob flees Rachel", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00429-00104281-00104329": "Leah", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00430-00104330-00104582": "Laban Jacobs children and departure", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00431-00104583-00104971": "vahish lock on Genesis chapters 32 to 36", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00432-00104972-00105220": "Jacobs reunion with Esau the rape of", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00433-00105221-00105604": "Dinah vaya Chev on Genesis chapters 37", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00434-00105605-00105871": "to 40 Joseph streams coat and slavery", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00435-00105872-00106179": "Judah with Tamar Joseph and Potiphar", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00436-00106180-00106536": "maquettes on Genesis chapters 41 to 44", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00437-00106538-00106771": "Pharaoh's dream Joseph sin government", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00438-00106772-00107119": "Joseph's brothers visit Egypt vigus on", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00439-00107120-00107476": "Genesis chapters 44 to 47 Joseph reveals", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00440-00107477-00107539": "himself", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00441-00107540-00107883": "Jacob moves to Egypt ehe on Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00442-00107884-00108169": "chapters 47 to 50 Jacob's blessings", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00443-00108170-00108759": "death of Jacob and of Joseph", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00444-00108760-00109299": "topic see also", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00445-00109300-00109760": "dating the Bible Enuma Elish Genesis", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00446-00109761-00110078": "creation narrative Genesis chapter 1", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00447-00110079-00110547": "verse 1 historia the Bible mosaic", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00448-00110548-00110943": "authorship Paradise Lost protein and", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00449-00110944-00111222": "jelly 'm wife's sister narratives in the", "jIlLSjSYJuY-00450-00111223-00111734": "book of Genesis equals equals notes"}}, {"audio_id": "jImNoQcusyk", "text": {"jImNoQcusyk-00000-00000074-00000615": "[Music]", "jImNoQcusyk-00001-00000616-00000782": "how do you not like me for grounded", "jImNoQcusyk-00002-00000783-00000878": "video", "jImNoQcusyk-00003-00000880-00001135": "you know i like grounded video you also", "jImNoQcusyk-00004-00001136-00001366": "hinder more modest content creators from", "jImNoQcusyk-00005-00001367-00001655": "being discovered that's it this is your", "jImNoQcusyk-00006-00001655-00001895": "jail trenthan have fun staying in there", "jImNoQcusyk-00007-00001896-00002095": "for the rest of your days you did the", "jImNoQcusyk-00008-00002096-00002310": "oof murder of 50 people and said to them", "jImNoQcusyk-00009-00002311-00002455": "online daters", "jImNoQcusyk-00010-00002456-00002702": "they are not online datas online datas", "jImNoQcusyk-00011-00002703-00003007": "go on tinder not roblox for this i", "jImNoQcusyk-00012-00003008-00003166": "brought some visitors to have talked", "jImNoQcusyk-00013-00003167-00003431": "with you i'm youtube you've put your", "jImNoQcusyk-00014-00003432-00003622": "evil deprived likes from the 50 deaths", "jImNoQcusyk-00015-00003623-00003886": "on my platform for that you are by far", "jImNoQcusyk-00016-00003887-00004119": "the worst person i've ever seen", "jImNoQcusyk-00017-00004120-00004286": "thanks to you i've had to disable", "jImNoQcusyk-00018-00004287-00004463": "advanced search filters at the expense", "jImNoQcusyk-00019-00004464-00004686": "of a few users i did so to prevent", "jImNoQcusyk-00020-00004687-00004831": "recordings of the youth incident from", "jImNoQcusyk-00021-00004832-00004959": "being found", "jImNoQcusyk-00022-00004960-00005206": "y-a-a-a-a", "jImNoQcusyk-00023-00005207-00005367": "i am facebook", "jImNoQcusyk-00024-00005368-00005599": "i've also hosted your radicalizing and", "jImNoQcusyk-00025-00005600-00005902": "terrorist livestream on my platform", "jImNoQcusyk-00026-00005903-00006143": "thanks to you i now have to make sure to", "jImNoQcusyk-00027-00006144-00006414": "veer my users away from anti-odr groups", "jImNoQcusyk-00028-00006415-00006495": "see", "jImNoQcusyk-00029-00006495-00006695": "thanks to you people are uniting in", "jImNoQcusyk-00030-00006695-00006934": "solidarity for the very thing you hate", "jImNoQcusyk-00031-00006936-00007159": "i've also saved the very best guest for", "jImNoQcusyk-00032-00007159-00007239": "last", "jImNoQcusyk-00033-00007240-00007439": "i am two to runner chairman of the", "jImNoQcusyk-00034-00007440-00007631": "online role-playing recovery and", "jImNoQcusyk-00035-00007631-00007934": "recourse association of roblox people", "jImNoQcusyk-00036-00007936-00008142": "like you are the reason society as a", "jImNoQcusyk-00037-00008143-00008367": "whole is not free of hatred i'm happy", "jImNoQcusyk-00038-00008368-00008631": "that you're in jail that way you'll have", "jImNoQcusyk-00039-00008632-00008839": "plenty of time to contemplate the 50", "jImNoQcusyk-00040-00008840-00009063": "youth murders you did get", "jImNoQcusyk-00041-00009064-00009142": "me", "jImNoQcusyk-00042-00009143-00009510": "the freak atahia too bad you need to", "jImNoQcusyk-00043-00009511-00009703": "accept that all people were created", "jImNoQcusyk-00044-00009704-00009919": "equally and that hatred is never the", "jImNoQcusyk-00045-00009920-00010278": "answer for anything 999999999", "jImNoQcusyk-00046-00010279-00010503": "here is some telly for you to watch", "jImNoQcusyk-00047-00010504-00010838": "terrorist", "jImNoQcusyk-00048-00010839-00010967": "we've brought prominent murder", "jImNoQcusyk-00049-00010968-00011167": "psychologist ida hasbour on the show to", "jImNoQcusyk-00050-00011168-00011351": "explain to us how someone would do such", "jImNoQcusyk-00051-00011352-00011438": "a thing", "jImNoQcusyk-00052-00011439-00011646": "well i believe that the terrorists may", "jImNoQcusyk-00053-00011647-00011823": "have had an unstable upbringing in the", "jImNoQcusyk-00054-00011824-00012014": "roadblocks community given that", "jImNoQcusyk-00055-00012015-00012238": "anti-online dating ism is rampant among", "jImNoQcusyk-00056-00012239-00012359": "some cliques", "jImNoQcusyk-00057-00012360-00012478": "i get you", "jImNoQcusyk-00058-00012479-00012670": "and he might have bolstered so hateful", "jImNoQcusyk-00059-00012671-00012910": "of an association with quote unquote", "jImNoQcusyk-00060-00012911-00013119": "online data that he believed he had to", "jImNoQcusyk-00061-00013119-00013263": "take action against them in the most", "jImNoQcusyk-00062-00013263-00013447": "violent way possible", "jImNoQcusyk-00063-00013447-00013655": "interesting conjecture so i've heard", "jImNoQcusyk-00064-00013656-00013871": "about drastic changes to gun legislation", "jImNoQcusyk-00065-00013872-00014119": "all over roblox how do you think about", "jImNoQcusyk-00066-00014119-00014294": "that wait", "jImNoQcusyk-00067-00014295-00014375": "what", "jImNoQcusyk-00068-00014376-00014583": "how is a multicultural society like", "jImNoQcusyk-00069-00014584-00014766": "roadblocks going to code with a sudden", "jImNoQcusyk-00070-00014768-00014999": "illegalization of a court component like", "jImNoQcusyk-00071-00015000-00015111": "this", "jImNoQcusyk-00072-00015112-00015358": "i don't know personal firearms seem to", "jImNoQcusyk-00073-00015359-00015519": "be illegal everywhere else in the gush", "jImNoQcusyk-00074-00015519-00016230": "den world", "jImNoQcusyk-00075-00016231-00016558": "good golly groth my guns are gone so are", "jImNoQcusyk-00076-00016559-00016671": "mine", "jImNoQcusyk-00077-00016672-00016886": "did someone exploit the game oh my", "jImNoQcusyk-00078-00016887-00017150": "plugging gosh how dare you bring guns to", "jImNoQcusyk-00079-00017151-00017271": "roadblocks", "jImNoQcusyk-00080-00017272-00017375": "that's it", "jImNoQcusyk-00081-00017376-00017647": "i'm bringing policemans to arrest you", "jImNoQcusyk-00082-00017648-00017943": "but this is an rpg we can't play without", "jImNoQcusyk-00083-00017944-00018183": "guns i don't flipping care", "jImNoQcusyk-00084-00018184-00018407": "this is your jail have fun spending in", "jImNoQcusyk-00085-00018408-00018804": "there for the rest of your days"}}, {"audio_id": "jIqvZLFfXXk", "text": {"jIqvZLFfXXk-00000-00002448-00002690": "so before we begin ranging the wild of", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00001-00002691-00002885": "our urban habitats today I'd like to add", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00002-00002886-00003127": "do any of you here today have any", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00003-00003128-00003320": "previous experience in urban", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00004-00003321-00003899": "mountaineering you sent up on Kerguelen", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00005-00003900-00004129": "back is one in a quarter mile we're", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00006-00004130-00004307": "going to traverse canyons cave", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00007-00004308-00004745": "switchbacks meadows passes and peak what", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00008-00004746-00004943": "else you seeing my break your bank", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00009-00004944-00005168": "what's your bank USA US bank what else", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00010-00005169-00005482": "do you see Citibank we're now in banker", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00011-00005483-00006429": "Canyon okay", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00012-00006430-00006784": "welcome to McGuire garden Julia a refuge", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00013-00006784-00007192": "or an oasis nestled deep in the banker", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00014-00007193-00007539": "Canyon it's what public most people seem", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00015-00007540-00007702": "to think this is public McGuire garden", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00016-00007703-00007992": "what do we mean by the term public space", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00017-00007993-00008173": "does this look like public space about", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00018-00008173-00008626": "this that meadow is public land with the", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00019-00008627-00008830": "private leaf the public easement on the", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00020-00008831-00009046": "privately with private security and", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00021-00009047-00009244": "maintenance often was the public and", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00022-00009245-00009409": "what's private new spaces is really", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00023-00009410-00009580": "really complicated and you can always", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00024-00009581-00009888": "tell in essence we use this de facto as", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00025-00009889-00010102": "a public place but we really don't have", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00026-00010103-00010699": "this many right does this look like", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00027-00010700-00011049": "public space well this is a very special", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00028-00011050-00011319": "location you can be one of the few", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00029-00011320-00011626": "places where we can actively get under", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00030-00011627-00011896": "the undergrowth of infrastructure that", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00031-00011897-00012160": "separates the LA river from downtown", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00032-00012161-00012519": "hospital stay here this space is a", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00033-00012520-00012856": "special let's check out the river shall", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00034-00012857-00013005": "we", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00035-00013006-00013413": "[Music]", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00036-00013413-00013735": "Los Angeles exists because of the LA", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00037-00013736-00014091": "River for 130 years the river was the", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00038-00014093-00014466": "sole source of water for the citizens of", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00039-00014468-00014800": "Los Angeles so the river is unholy", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00040-00014801-00015043": "linked to Los Angeles its culture and", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00041-00015044-00015202": "its people according to the community in", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00042-00015203-00015355": "order to be in this space you", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00043-00015356-00015622": "technically need to have a waiver access", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00044-00015622-00015825": "to the river is so important we can't", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00045-00015826-00016053": "appreciate the river until we actually", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00046-00016054-00016314": "can be a terrific so the more work we", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00047-00016315-00016543": "can do to get those down to the river", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00048-00016544-00016888": "the river experience the river the", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00049-00016889-00017286": "better we hope you go forth from this", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00050-00017287-00017497": "height understanding that Wells the", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00051-00017498-00017671": "various landscapes we encounter on a", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00052-00017672-00017922": "daily basis largely shape our behavior", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00053-00017923-00018208": "that week you can play an active role in", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00054-00018209-00018384": "shaping our cities", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00055-00018385-00019745": "[Music]", "jIqvZLFfXXk-00056-00019746-00019952": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "jIx3f97LCnI", "text": {"jIx3f97LCnI-00000-00000077-00000507": "[Music]", "jIx3f97LCnI-00001-00000508-00000808": "georgia"}}, {"audio_id": "jIyUTWTo758", "text": {"jIyUTWTo758-00000-00000538-00001198": "[Music]", "jIyUTWTo758-00001-00001199-00001610": "hi my name is Ammar Hejazi", "jIyUTWTo758-00002-00001611-00002017": "earlier this year I qualified to compete", "jIyUTWTo758-00003-00002018-00002242": "at the South African Junior", "jIyUTWTo758-00004-00002243-00002530": "close Chess Championships where I came", "jIyUTWTo758-00005-00002531-00002830": "first in my under 12 age group and", "jIyUTWTo758-00006-00002831-00003222": "received myself African colors this was", "jIyUTWTo758-00007-00003223-00003511": "made possible through a campaign my best", "jIyUTWTo758-00008-00003511-00003949": "friend ran for me on a Kabaddi I now", "jIyUTWTo758-00009-00003950-00004197": "have the opportunity to represent South", "jIyUTWTo758-00010-00004198-00004479": "Africa at the African youth tournament", "jIyUTWTo758-00011-00004480-00004861": "to be held in Namibia from the 14th to", "jIyUTWTo758-00012-00004862-00005215": "22nd of December this year this is an", "jIyUTWTo758-00013-00005216-00005477": "incredible opportunity for me and", "jIyUTWTo758-00014-00005478-00005784": "hopefully with your help it can be Ariel", "jIyUTWTo758-00015-00005785-00006007": "it"}}, {"audio_id": "jI-0YPuUSJY", "text": {"jI-0YPuUSJY-00000-00000019-00000316": "red pea soup is a soup eaten in Jamaica", "jI-0YPuUSJY-00001-00000317-00000580": "it is made of kidney beans known locally", "jI-0YPuUSJY-00002-00000581-00000811": "as red peas seasonings such as scotch", "jI-0YPuUSJY-00003-00000813-00001172": "bonnet pepper pimento seeds etc red pea", "jI-0YPuUSJY-00004-00001173-00001358": "soup is usually even with yam and", "jI-0YPuUSJY-00005-00001359-00001948": "Jamaican dumplings", "jI-0YPuUSJY-00006-00001950-00002484": "topic see also", "jI-0YPuUSJY-00007-00002485-00002859": "list of Jamaican dishes"}}, {"audio_id": "jIIYQ3VeoqA", "text": {"jIIYQ3VeoqA-00000-00002771-00003013": "ladies and gentlemen please welcome to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00001-00003014-00003238": "the stage president and chief executive", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00002-00003239-00003460": "officer of the National Trust for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00003-00003461-00003801": "Historic Preservation Stephanie Meeks", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00004-00003802-00004327": "[Applause]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00005-00004328-00004645": "well hello again and thank you so much", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00006-00004646-00004850": "it's great to be with you all at the end", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00007-00004851-00005043": "of what has been I think just a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00008-00005044-00005518": "fantastic week and it it I want to yes", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00009-00005519-00006022": "it has been I've been just really", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00010-00006023-00006224": "energised by all the sessions that I've", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00011-00006225-00006457": "had a chance to attend and to see that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00012-00006458-00006556": "almost all of them are", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00013-00006558-00006814": "standing-room-only so I'm gonna come", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00014-00006815-00006988": "back in a second and thank a few people", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00015-00006989-00007189": "but before I do that I did want to give", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00016-00007190-00007459": "you a couple of updates on some items", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00017-00007461-00007635": "that we've been talking about in that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00018-00007636-00007984": "Tim Whelan our Chairman briefed you on", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00019-00007986-00008252": "at the opening plenary and the first one", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00020-00008253-00008513": "is the tax credit and you've been", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00021-00008514-00008651": "hearing about the federal historic tax", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00022-00008652-00008905": "credit all week and I'm really pleased", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00023-00008906-00009080": "to let you know that I got a text at", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00024-00009081-00009260": "about 10 o'clock last night from our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00025-00009261-00009662": "team saying that the Senate bill does", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00026-00009663-00010063": "include the tax credit at 20% restored", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00027-00010064-00010172": "to 20%", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00028-00010173-00010696": "[Applause]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00029-00010697-00011074": "I should say the draught built and there", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00030-00011075-00011314": "was a change and it would the credit", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00031-00011315-00011572": "would be taken rate ibly over five years", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00032-00011573-00011947": "the Senate is going planning to to vote", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00033-00011948-00012157": "on their bill right after Thanksgiving", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00034-00012158-00012334": "so I wanted to share that good news with", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00035-00012335-00012538": "you but the pressure really isn't off as", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00036-00012539-00012766": "our lobbying teams tell us we're in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00037-00012767-00012976": "about the third inning of a baseball", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00038-00012977-00013141": "game here so we need to keep the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00039-00013141-00013351": "pressure on and but of course is", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00040-00013352-00013534": "assuming that the Senate does approve", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00041-00013535-00013744": "this then when it goes to reconciliation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00042-00013744-00013872": "with the house it gives us another", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00043-00013874-00014251": "chance to push again for text for the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00044-00014252-00014536": "text the federal historic tax credit to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00045-00014537-00014797": "once again be installed as a permanent", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00046-00014797-00014977": "part of the tax code so you'll hear more", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00047-00014978-00015196": "from us on email and thank you so much", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00048-00015197-00015382": "for the letters and phone calls that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00049-00015383-00015538": "you've already made it really is making", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00050-00015538-00015799": "a difference the second thing that I", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00051-00015800-00016066": "wanted to just briefly on quickly is in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00052-00016066-00016423": "a humanitarian and preservation effort", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00053-00016424-00016690": "that we have going on in support of all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00054-00016691-00016906": "of our friends in Puerto Rico the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00055-00016907-00017035": "National Trust has had a long", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00056-00017036-00017299": "partnership with the conservation trust", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00057-00017300-00017536": "of Puerto Rico their executive director", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00058-00017537-00017782": "Fernando lovara serves on our board of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00059-00017783-00018040": "trustees and I had the opportunity to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00060-00018041-00018199": "have dinner with Fernando a couple of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00061-00018200-00018538": "weeks ago and asked him what what we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00062-00018539-00018679": "could be doing that would be the most", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00063-00018680-00018952": "helpful to him and he said Stephanie we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00064-00018953-00019327": "need tarps we need about 200 tarps for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00065-00019328-00019550": "historic buildings that lost their roofs", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00066-00019551-00019828": "so we are shipping to them this weekend", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00067-00019829-00020218": "200 very large tarps that can be used as", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00068-00020219-00020578": "for roofs but we're also hoping that all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00069-00020579-00020847": "of you and National Trust members and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00070-00020848-00021168": "others interested and want wishing to be", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00071-00021169-00021421": "supportive will consider making a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00072-00021422-00021703": "contribution to our tarp campaign so if", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00073-00021704-00021985": "you go to saving places org slash porto", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00074-00021986-00022197": "rico you'll have an opportunity to make", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00075-00022198-00022492": "a contribution to help to help our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00076-00022493-00022747": "preservation friends in puerto rico in a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00077-00022748-00023005": "very practical and tangible way so thank", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00078-00023006-00023072": "you for doing that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00079-00023073-00023631": "[Applause]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00080-00023632-00023935": "now a lot of effort obviously goes into", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00081-00023936-00024142": "pulling together and putting on a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00082-00024143-00024391": "conference like this and I want to take", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00083-00024392-00024598": "a few minutes to thank some of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00084-00024599-00024769": "people who have been just absolutely", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00085-00024770-00024979": "instrumental in making this week", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00086-00024980-00025279": "possible let me first recognize susan", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00087-00025280-00025474": "wes montgomery our vice president for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00088-00025475-00026524": "preservation resources susan brings such", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00089-00026525-00026755": "great leadership and vision to these", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00090-00026756-00026938": "conferences and you can see her", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00091-00026939-00027163": "handiwork in her thinking throughout the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00092-00027164-00027505": "week and i also want to recognize her", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00093-00027506-00027892": "team farina salahuddin rhonda sin", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00094-00027893-00028089": "cabbage Jackie Johnson", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00095-00028091-00028480": "Colleen Dan's Jordan torrents Rebecca", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00096-00028481-00028804": "boyce Diana Maxwell and Allison you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00097-00028805-00029402": "thanks to all of you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00098-00029402-00029954": "I also want to recognize and thank again", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00099-00029955-00030137": "our presenting partners this year", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00100-00030138-00030368": "landmarks illinois bonnie thank you so", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00101-00030369-00031139": "much for your support and also the Alpha", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00102-00031139-00031333": "wood foundation thank you so much for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00103-00031335-00031922": "your support Brad and Jim and I want to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00104-00031923-00032164": "thank our trust live presenters Bryan", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00105-00032166-00032360": "Lee who led us in such a fascinating", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00106-00032361-00032549": "conversation about the potential and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00107-00032550-00032861": "possibilities of riyer bin' ISM xenca", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00108-00032862-00033086": "who helped us imagine new technologies", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00109-00033087-00033338": "to help more people and tell more", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00110-00033339-00033611": "stories and save more places and Holly", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00111-00033612-00033833": "Morris who just earlier today helped", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00112-00033834-00034055": "articulate another exciting frontier in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00113-00034056-00034259": "our work all the ways that historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00114-00034260-00034571": "places are intricately connected to our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00115-00034572-00034817": "health or wellness and our sense of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00116-00034818-00035072": "well-being and I especially want to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00117-00035073-00035267": "acknowledge Richard Brown and all of our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00118-00035268-00035465": "friends at American Express for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00119-00035466-00035645": "sponsoring this closing luncheon and the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00120-00035646-00035822": "aspire award Richard thank you for being", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00121-00035823-00036397": "here", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00122-00036398-00036659": "so what with that in mind let me now", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00123-00036660-00036901": "invite to the stage my friend and the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00124-00036902-00037154": "vice-chair one of the vice chairs of our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00125-00037155-00037376": "board the chairman of our Finance", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00126-00037377-00037556": "Committee and the former chair of our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00127-00037557-00037700": "Audit Committee", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00128-00037701-00038105": "Susan Chapman Hughes Susan's a senior", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00129-00038106-00038417": "vice president of us large market global", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00130-00038418-00038591": "commercial payments and American Express", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00131-00038592-00038936": "and she is presenting this year's aspire", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00132-00038937-00039182": "award to an emerging preservation star", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00133-00039183-00040073": "Susan Thank You Stephanie good afternoon", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00134-00040074-00040151": "everyone", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00135-00040152-00040424": "oh we just try that again good afternoon", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00136-00040425-00040907": "everyone thank you I am so pleased to be", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00137-00040908-00041099": "here today to hear about all the work", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00138-00041100-00041360": "that you all do especially to honor the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00139-00041361-00041596": "work of one individual in particular", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00140-00041597-00042071": "Nicole Morocco our 2017 American Express", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00141-00042072-00042425": "aspire Award winner the aspire award", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00142-00042426-00042629": "recognizes an emerging leader in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00143-00042630-00042914": "preservation one who we see as having", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00144-00042915-00043142": "the great potential to influence the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00145-00043143-00043342": "future of the preservation movement", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00146-00043343-00043553": "through her work on the West Virginia", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00147-00043554-00043801": "state historic tax credit campaign", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00148-00043802-00044129": "Nicole proved her natural ability for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00149-00044130-00044321": "community organization and set a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00150-00044322-00044588": "precedent of how to organize an", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00151-00044589-00044780": "incredibly influential grassroots", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00152-00044781-00045065": "campaign please join me in watching this", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00153-00045066-00045522": "brief video honoring her efforts", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00154-00045523-00046228": "[Music]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00155-00046229-00046550": "in early 2016", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00156-00046551-00046834": "Nicole Morocco the abandoned property", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00157-00046835-00047063": "coalition coordinator of the West", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00158-00047064-00047330": "Virginia Community Development hub took", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00159-00047331-00047594": "a leading role in the campaign to expand", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00160-00047595-00047792": "West Virginia's state historic tax", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00161-00047793-00048077": "credit despite having no formal training", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00162-00048078-00048359": "in real estate or preservation Morocco", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00163-00048360-00048587": "proved incredibly adept at learning on", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00164-00048588-00048908": "the job through her efforts the campaign", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00165-00048909-00049187": "grew to include 30 organizers 20", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00166-00049188-00049492": "partners and 38 cities counties and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00167-00049493-00049769": "organizations though the tax credit", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00168-00049770-00049934": "increase did not make it through the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00169-00049935-00050246": "2017 session it became one of the most", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00170-00050247-00050423": "debated proposals in the state", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00171-00050424-00050669": "legislature setting the stage for future", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00172-00050670-00050984": "success with this experience in hand", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00173-00050985-00051239": "Morocco recently began a graduate degree", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00174-00051240-00051554": "program at Rutgers University focusing", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00175-00051554-00051727": "on the more efficient use of real estate", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00176-00051728-00051926": "tools for Community Development and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00177-00051927-00052192": "creative policy solutions for vacant and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00178-00052194-00052480": "dilapidated buildings there is no doubt", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00179-00052482-00052712": "that Morocco's budding career will be a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00180-00052713-00053021": "boost for preservation as she continues", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00181-00053022-00053276": "to mobilize people to action and link", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00182-00053277-00053471": "preservation to a larger community", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00183-00053472-00054287": "building movement I also have the great", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00184-00054288-00054500": "pleasure to add that since this video", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00185-00054501-00054590": "was produced", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00186-00054591-00054902": "House bill 203 to increase the West", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00187-00054903-00055108": "Virginia state historic tax credit to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00188-00055109-00055480": "25% did indeed pass during a special", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00189-00055482-00055879": "legislation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00190-00055880-00056187": "congratulations to all who worked on the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00191-00056188-00056403": "campaign and I think we are all excited", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00192-00056404-00056601": "about the future of presentation Thank", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00193-00056602-00056886": "You Nicole for your work please join me", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00194-00056887-00057049": "on stage to accept your award", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00195-00057050-00059637": "[Applause]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00196-00059638-00059917": "Thank You Susan and congratulations", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00197-00059918-00060094": "Nicole that was a great kicker I hadn't", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00198-00060095-00060253": "heard the end of that story so that's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00199-00060254-00060478": "really exciting and it just shows once", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00200-00060479-00060676": "again how important our advocacy is and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00201-00060677-00060943": "our patients and our persistence and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00202-00060944-00061275": "that is a theme that you will find", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00203-00061276-00061609": "resident in our next speaker as well and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00204-00061610-00061885": "our next honoree who will also be this", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00205-00061886-00062086": "afternoon's keynote speaker and he can", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00206-00062087-00062305": "just tell you all about how persistence", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00207-00062306-00062524": "has paid off in his own career I'm", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00208-00062525-00062851": "delighted to present this year's Louise", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00209-00062852-00063097": "DuPont crowninshield award the National", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00210-00063098-00063403": "Trust's highest honor to a preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00211-00063404-00063655": "pioneer whose career has been so", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00212-00063656-00064033": "incredibly full fifty-five years ago in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00213-00064034-00064266": "the summer of 1962", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00214-00064267-00064609": "Robert Stanton a college student at the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00215-00064610-00064803": "historically black huston-tillotson", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00216-00064804-00065171": "University in Austin Texas took a job as", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00217-00065172-00065428": "a seasonal park ranger at Grand Teton", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00218-00065429-00065589": "National Park in Wyoming", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00219-00065590-00065992": "he didn't just find his park there he", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00220-00065993-00066289": "found his calling and ever since bob has", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00221-00066290-00066550": "maintained an unparalleled career in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00222-00066551-00066853": "public service including serving as the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00223-00066854-00067099": "first african-american director of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00224-00067100-00067312": "National Park Service under President", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00225-00067313-00067612": "Clinton for five and a half decades he's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00226-00067613-00067822": "been passionately dedicated to our parks", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00227-00067823-00068071": "and public lands and a role model for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00228-00068072-00068317": "any number of aspiring preservationist", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00229-00068318-00068707": "and park employees today we honor that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00230-00068708-00068998": "amazing commitment not just to saving", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00231-00068999-00069202": "places but ensuring that they're always", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00232-00069203-00069532": "open and inviting to and reflect the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00233-00069533-00069822": "stories of each and every American", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00234-00069823-00070111": "please join me in watching a brief video", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00235-00070112-00071415": "about his work", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00236-00071416-00071662": "former National Park Service Director", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00237-00071663-00071965": "Robert Stanton spent nearly 40 years", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00238-00071966-00072217": "with the agency so it's impossible to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00239-00072218-00072412": "pinpoint just one accomplishment to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00240-00072413-00072687": "define his legacy however his dedication", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00241-00072688-00072931": "to broadening the American story by", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00242-00072932-00073180": "expanding both who is represented and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00243-00073181-00073497": "who has access to it sets him apart", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00244-00073498-00073753": "throughout his career Stanton worked to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00245-00073754-00073976": "increase the number and variety of sites", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00246-00073977-00074143": "associated with the civil rights", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00247-00074144-00074449": "movement making possible the designation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00248-00074450-00074674": "of twelve new National Historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00249-00074675-00074905": "Landmarks as well as the Birmingham", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00250-00074906-00075229": "Civil Rights National Monument this work", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00251-00075230-00075444": "laid the groundwork for an even more", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00252-00075445-00075669": "inclusive set of sites to be designated", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00253-00075670-00075886": "including the Stonewall National", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00254-00075887-00075960": "Monument", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00255-00075961-00076230": "Stanton also improved Park outreach", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00256-00076231-00076465": "securing funding to provide young people", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00257-00076466-00076681": "greater access to the National Park", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00258-00076682-00076956": "System and initiating programs like the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00259-00076957-00077193": "cultural resource diversity internship", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00260-00077194-00077449": "which emphasizes the diversity of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00261-00077450-00077785": "constituencies that the NPS serves he", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00262-00077786-00077923": "has always been an advocate for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00263-00077924-00078166": "preservation continuing his efforts", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00264-00078167-00078379": "today through service in the Advisory", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00265-00078380-00078643": "Council on historic preservation but", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00266-00078644-00078865": "even greater than his accomplishments is", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00267-00078866-00079048": "the legacy of his leadership", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00268-00079049-00079336": "Robert Stanton has been an eloquent and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00269-00079337-00079504": "passionate voice for the cultural", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00270-00079505-00079776": "heritage held in national parks and for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00271-00079777-00080005": "its stewards he has inspired us to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00272-00080006-00080206": "continue the work of saving the places", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00273-00080207-00080659": "that matter to all Americans", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00274-00080660-00080986": "it's now my honor to present the 2017", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00275-00080987-00081223": "Louise DuPont crowninshield Award to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00276-00081224-00081425": "Robert Stanton Bob please join me", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00277-00081426-00084983": "[Applause]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00278-00084984-00085648": "[Music]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00279-00085649-00086296": "good afternoon and what an afternoon", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00280-00086297-00086500": "thank you very much", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00281-00086501-00086706": "brother that techniques for that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00282-00086707-00087211": "gracious introduction thank those who", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00283-00087212-00087688": "were responsible for producing the video", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00284-00087689-00088473": "I stand before you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00285-00088474-00089273": "very humbled very privileged and very", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00286-00089274-00089765": "honored to receive this prestigious", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00287-00089766-00090451": "award named in the honor of Louise", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00288-00090452-00090901": "depart crowninshield I would have loved", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00289-00090902-00091228": "to have the opportunity to meet her a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00290-00091229-00091630": "charter member of the National Trust for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00291-00091631-00091975": "Historic Preservation and a leader in a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00292-00091976-00092292": "noble endeavor throughout New England", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00293-00092293-00092737": "and indeed throughout the United States", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00294-00092738-00093187": "I would hope that in some small way in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00295-00093188-00093491": "some small way that over my life's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00296-00093492-00093967": "journey I have been able to capture her", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00297-00093968-00094361": "commitment her compassion and her", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00298-00094362-00094736": "dedication in preserving this nation our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00299-00094737-00095111": "nation's rich in diverse cultural", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00300-00095112-00095586": "Heritage's so again chairman Whelan", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00301-00095587-00095932": "president makes the trustees of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00302-00095933-00096196": "National Trust for Historic Preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00303-00096197-00096491": "ladies and gentlemen all thank you for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00304-00096492-00097456": "this green honor thank you very much", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00305-00097457-00097894": "I I bring my warmest greetings my", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00306-00097895-00098188": "warmest greetings to the young people", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00307-00098189-00098433": "who are with us on this special occasion", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00308-00098434-00098964": "your presence here today honor us and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00309-00098965-00099466": "when I say young my sunset pop if you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00310-00099467-00099661": "refer to anyone it's understood that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00311-00099662-00100126": "they're younger than you oh you find it", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00312-00100127-00100585": "funny but I do want to commend the young", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00313-00100586-00100834": "people who are with us because there is", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00314-00100835-00101023": "a great opportunity and great challenge", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00315-00101024-00101233": "to here but I sense that you are", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00316-00101234-00101623": "prepared to meet that I also want to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00317-00101624-00101835": "bring to your greetings on behalf of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00318-00101836-00102226": "chairman Wayne das chairman of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00319-00102227-00102481": "Advisory Council on historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00320-00102482-00102868": "preservation a number of my fellow", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00321-00102869-00103051": "council members are here along with the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00322-00103052-00103372": "staff as well as the leadership of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00323-00103373-00103686": "Advisory Council foundation so we bring", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00324-00103688-00103986": "your greetings but also take some", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00325-00103988-00104382": "liberties here having spent almost four", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00326-00104383-00104656": "decades with our beloved National Park", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00327-00104657-00104965": "Service I am taking the liberty although", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00328-00104966-00105274": "I am without portfolio to bring your", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00329-00105275-00105427": "greetings on behalf of the men and women", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00330-00105428-00106208": "of the National Park City joined", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00331-00106209-00106468": "truly I haven't dated to so many who", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00332-00106469-00106648": "again who have generously helped me all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00333-00106649-00107025": "my life's journey but publicly I would", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00334-00107026-00107328": "submit there are all my deepest", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00335-00107329-00107923": "gratitude my utmost appreciation to one", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00336-00107924-00108394": "who has been with me on that journey not", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00337-00108395-00108552": "in front of me not behind me but", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00338-00108553-00108931": "shoulder to shoulder in the high times", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00339-00108932-00109236": "and in the low times she has given me", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00340-00109237-00109766": "counsel support encouragement and advice", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00341-00109767-00110160": "advise solicited and advised not", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00342-00110161-00110562": "soliciting I think of another than my", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00343-00110563-00111626": "wife Janet", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00344-00111627-00112010": "as each of you know the Advisory Council", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00345-00112011-00112425": "on historic preservation was authorized", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00346-00112426-00112605": "as a part of the Historic Preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00347-00112606-00113193": "Act of 1966 and the purpose of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00348-00113194-00113435": "Advisory Council now so simply as this", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00349-00113436-00113819": "is to encourage the broadest", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00350-00113820-00114185": "participation of all Americans in this", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00351-00114186-00114525": "noble endeavor recognizing the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00352-00114526-00114884": "importance of historic preservation to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00353-00114885-00115199": "our economic to our educational and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00354-00115200-00115596": "values for cultural recognition and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00355-00115597-00116133": "understanding in these United States you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00356-00116133-00116439": "perhaps know us best for your complies", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00357-00116440-00116922": "with the 106 requirement I hope that the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00358-00116923-00117075": "advising counsel we have given you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00359-00117076-00117279": "relative to that has always been helpful", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00360-00117280-00117732": "I'm sure it has been but I also want to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00361-00117733-00118334": "salute those of you who continue to be", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00362-00118335-00118622": "in the vineyard on a day to day basis", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00363-00118623-00118947": "again addressing the critical needs of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00364-00118948-00119186": "historic preservation I was very pleased", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00365-00119188-00119520": "to hear president makes mentioned the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00366-00119521-00119976": "status of the debate on possible changes", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00367-00119977-00120383": "to the tax incentive reform or measured", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00368-00120384-00120608": "in in the house of the Senate I mean the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00369-00120609-00120864": "house and in the Senate I'm optimistic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00370-00120865-00121314": "that it will pass none of these tenacity", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00371-00121315-00121569": "on the part of Stephanie and her", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00372-00121570-00121770": "counterpart with the counsel of Wayne", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00373-00121771-00122354": "Wayne dollar so last year last March the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00374-00122355-00122814": "Advisory Council published a report is", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00375-00122815-00123024": "in Tao the National Historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00376-00123025-00123294": "Preservation Program at 50 priorities", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00377-00123295-00123480": "and recommendations for the future I", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00378-00123481-00123795": "highly recommend this report to you and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00379-00123796-00124205": "you can access it on our major website a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00380-00124206-00124668": "CPH a CHP gov I believe that you will", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00381-00124669-00124876": "find this report you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00382-00124877-00125149": "it's set forth some considerations I", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00383-00125150-00125398": "think that if adopted a will strengthen", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00384-00125399-00125620": "our resolve to have a more vibrant", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00385-00125621-00125904": "historic preservation program in the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00386-00125905-00126391": "future the Historic Preservation Act as", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00387-00126392-00126652": "you know grew out of a report filed by", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00388-00126653-00127057": "the US Conference of Mayors in 1966 that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00389-00127058-00127393": "spoke to our collective heritage as a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00390-00127394-00127811": "heritage so rich and it almost produced", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00391-00127813-00128179": "the exact language that is contained in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00392-00128180-00128416": "the Historic Preservation Act so we owe", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00393-00128417-00128647": "the Council of Mayors a great deal of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00394-00128648-00129139": "applause for their efforts I am also", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00395-00129140-00129483": "thankful that president makes chairman", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00396-00129484-00129769": "Whelan have appointed yours truly to the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00397-00129770-00130093": "newly established action farm that will", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00398-00130094-00130386": "give more recognition more support to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00399-00130388-00130611": "our collective heritage as experienced", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00400-00130613-00130860": "by the African Americans who have told", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00401-00130861-00131166": "on these lands first as African than as", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00402-00131167-00131476": "African Americans for over 400 years", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00403-00131477-00131752": "I am honored Stephanie to be a part of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00404-00131753-00132064": "that and I am confident that through the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00405-00132065-00132277": "kind of support that you receive from", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00406-00132278-00132597": "the inaugural funders that that report", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00407-00132598-00132910": "that fun part of me will be very very", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00408-00132911-00133137": "productive in meeting the needs of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00409-00133138-00133504": "preserving those places associated with", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00410-00133505-00133978": "African American we all should remain", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00411-00133979-00134247": "optimistic in the face of challenges I", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00412-00134248-00134703": "think the tax measure will be improved", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00413-00134704-00135028": "we certainly are concerned with budget", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00414-00135029-00135549": "shortfalls application to climate change", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00415-00135550-00135789": "responding to natural disasters", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00416-00135790-00136020": "responded in such a fashion that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00417-00136021-00136410": "president Meeks mentioned in Puerto Rico", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00418-00136411-00136963": "but I believe but I believe one of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00419-00136964-00137485": "greatest challenges that we face one of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00420-00137486-00137851": "the greatest challenge that we face is a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00421-00137852-00138106": "question of will", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00422-00138107-00138520": "a question of being honest in our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00423-00138521-00138931": "recognition that the full face of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00424-00138932-00139614": "America is not represented in the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00425-00139615-00140083": "historic preservation movement nor is", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00426-00140084-00140553": "the full richness and diversity of our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00427-00140554-00140971": "history reflected in those tangible and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00428-00140972-00141310": "intangible resources that are currently", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00429-00141311-00141868": "preserved and commemorated we are a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00430-00141869-00142383": "nation of over 300 million citizens", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00431-00142384-00142669": "still growing still becoming more", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00432-00142670-00143194": "diverse but yet that full-face is not", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00433-00143195-00143686": "represent work and more work has to be", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00434-00143687-00144108": "done but I've been able to observe on", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00435-00144109-00144499": "the part of your organization's on the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00436-00144500-00144774": "part of the council that a lot of work", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00437-00144775-00145095": "is being done in our project to improve", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00438-00145096-00145420": "broader participation in historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00439-00145421-00146059": "preservation movement it is interesting", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00440-00146060-00146364": "to note if you were to take a look at", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00441-00146365-00146763": "the increase of areas over the past 50", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00442-00146764-00147041": "years that give us hope for the future", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00443-00147042-00147239": "witness if you will", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00444-00147240-00147570": "areas added to the National Register of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00445-00147571-00147977": "Historic Places preserve America", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00446-00147978-00148411": "communities take a look as an example", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00447-00148412-00148653": "newly established natural Historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00448-00148654-00149046": "Landmark additions to your National Park", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00449-00149047-00149731": "System 650 years ago there were 236", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00450-00149732-00149924": "areas in the National Park System today", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00451-00149925-00150571": "there are 417 again many of the areas in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00452-00150572-00150784": "the national parks in your National Park", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00453-00150785-00151104": "System 3/4 of them says something about", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00454-00151105-00151318": "our human history", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00455-00151319-00151791": "and obviously more will be added and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00456-00151792-00152428": "within that grouping of parks are those", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00457-00152429-00152802": "that speak to our cherished", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00458-00152803-00153166": "accomplishment as a nation and as a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00459-00153167-00153675": "people however there are also areas that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00460-00153676-00154093": "speak to some of the more difficult and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00461-00154094-00154528": "challenging times in our history and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00462-00154529-00154798": "with those areas coming into the system", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00463-00154799-00155308": "are lacking back to our maturity as a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00464-00155309-00155817": "people in a nation a mom to a person or", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00465-00155818-00156654": "persons can recognize their mistakes and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00466-00156655-00157156": "hopefully be encouraged or inspired not", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00467-00157157-00157821": "to repeat those mistakes on our journey", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00468-00157822-00158157": "towards a more perfect union", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00469-00158158-00158815": "we have stumbled we've erred we have", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00470-00158816-00159192": "excluded fellow American by design of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00471-00159193-00159544": "not being included in that beautiful", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00472-00159545-00159892": "pronoun the very first pronoun in the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00473-00159893-00160144": "preamble to the Constitution of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00474-00160145-00160972": "United States we by design we exclude so", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00475-00160973-00161554": "we have places like manzanar Selma to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00476-00161555-00162088": "Montgomery Trail of Tears Brown versus", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00477-00162089-00162508": "Board of Education Pullman Stone Little", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00478-00162509-00162679": "Rock Central High School Sand Creek", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00479-00162680-00163009": "Massacre battle a Little Bighorn port", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00480-00163010-00163679": "Chicago on the shores of California", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00481-00163680-00164183": "the outstanding historian and scholar", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00482-00164184-00164706": "dr. John Hope Franklin reminded us that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00483-00164707-00165135": "we now know we now know that those", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00484-00165136-00165486": "places that commemorate or otherwise", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00485-00165487-00165894": "preserve these sad chapters in our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00486-00165895-00166287": "history are not places in which we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00487-00166288-00166746": "should allow ourselves to wallow in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00488-00166747-00167109": "remorse but rather be moved to a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00489-00167110-00167792": "horizontal", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00490-00167793-00168351": "are we better citizen and certainly", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00491-00168352-00168567": "within your our National Park System and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00492-00168568-00168789": "with the case of some of the area's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00493-00168790-00169125": "administered by the trust we recognize", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00494-00169126-00169337": "we recognize the courageous leadership", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00495-00169338-00169859": "of some of the more prominent leaders", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00496-00169860-00170142": "trying to include all of us in the we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00497-00170143-00170529": "and just to name a few Booker T", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00498-00170530-00170700": "Washington Charles young Frederick", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00499-00170701-00171003": "Douglas Carter G was inherited my Cesar", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00500-00171004-00171300": "Chavez Eleanor Roosevelt the women who", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00501-00171301-00171432": "fought the women's and the women rights", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00502-00171433-00171666": "suffrage movement the Tuskegee Airmen", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00503-00171667-00171888": "because you just imagined that we felt", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00504-00171889-00172224": "up until 1948 that we would have to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00505-00172225-00172482": "fight wars but we could not fight", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00506-00172483-00172793": "together we were sick you believe that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00507-00172794-00173313": "yeah we did that to ourselves each of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00508-00173314-00173490": "these places and people is a piece of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00509-00173491-00173670": "the grand mosaic of American history and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00510-00173671-00173922": "culture the struggle and triumph of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00511-00173923-00174075": "these Americans and the importance of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00512-00174076-00174288": "these places in each entity combined to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00513-00174289-00174462": "create a story of our rich and diverse", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00514-00174463-00174789": "heritage there's a real thing in real", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00515-00174790-00175077": "time and real places that what makes", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00516-00175078-00175383": "your mission our mission so important", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00517-00175384-00175803": "and so passionate we indeed learn", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00518-00175804-00176001": "lessons best at the places where they", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00519-00176002-00176286": "actually happen where they actually", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00520-00176287-00176499": "happened one of my greatest", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00521-00176500-00176775": "accomplishment it seems to me is that we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00522-00176776-00176982": "have come to recognize that our legacy", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00523-00176983-00177039": "is about", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00524-00177040-00177267": "learning and teaching helping our jury", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00525-00177268-00177582": "find a better place because you and I", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00526-00177583-00177789": "have been here we have made our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00527-00177790-00178272": "contributions again we want to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00528-00178273-00178683": "contribute to each of us becoming better", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00529-00178684-00179265": "citizen coming to Chicago I am compelled", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00530-00179266-00179691": "to recall the leadership of one of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00531-00179692-00180080": "most visionary and courageous leaders", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00532-00180081-00180387": "hold on I'm not talking about him I get", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00533-00180388-00180825": "to President Obama later okay I'm", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00534-00180826-00181400": "talking about the Honorable Harold Ickes", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00535-00181401-00181809": "Harold Ickes although born in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00536-00181810-00182429": "Pennsylvania he moved to Illinois who", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00537-00182430-00182652": "received to do his undergraduate degree", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00538-00182653-00182913": "at the University of Chicago and stayed", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00539-00182914-00183561": "there and earn his degree as lawyer he", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00540-00183562-00183762": "stayed after graduating from near", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00541-00183763-00184097": "Chicago here in this beautiful city and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00542-00184098-00184464": "beginning to practice law but he was", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00543-00184465-00184818": "also the president of the Chicago", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00544-00184819-00185403": "chapter of the n-double a-c-p he was", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00545-00185404-00185550": "asked by President Franklin Delano", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00546-00185551-00186075": "Roosevelt to come to Washington to head", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00547-00186076-00186507": "up the Department of the Interior Harold", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00548-00186508-00186756": "Ickes he was a man", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00549-00186757-00187260": "perhaps before his time when Marian", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00550-00187261-00187680": "Anderson was refused the opportunity to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00551-00187681-00188085": "perform in 1939 at Constitution Hall in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00552-00188086-00188406": "Washington he approved her singing from", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00553-00188407-00188961": "the steps of the Lincoln Memorial when", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00554-00188962-00189177": "there was a major reorganization of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00555-00189178-00189546": "executive branch he supported it and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00556-00189547-00189807": "when President Roosevelt signed the act", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00557-00189808-00190118": "reorganization Act of 1933", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00558-00190119-00190475": "or the Civil War sites Revolutionary War", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00559-00190476-00190829": "sites war of 1812 Statue of Liberty all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00560-00190830-00191030": "the national monuments memorials in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00561-00191031-00191318": "Washington DC became under the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00562-00191319-00191546": "jurisdiction of the part of Interior and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00563-00191547-00192226": "the National Park Service and in 1945", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00564-00192227-00192680": "1945 nineteen years before the Civil", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00565-00192681-00193040": "Rights Act of 1964 he issued its", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00566-00193041-00193505": "circulatory order that all facilities in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00567-00193506-00193805": "the national parks would be accessible", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00568-00193806-00194072": "accessible to all people regardless of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00569-00194073-00194411": "race creed national origin forty five", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00570-00194412-00194735": "years ago and he called as you might", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00571-00194736-00195077": "imagine holy what from those owners or", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00572-00195078-00195278": "properties right outside the park that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00573-00195279-00195668": "had up had the signs for colored for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00574-00195669-00195989": "what but he said I will do this and he", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00575-00195990-00196450": "did it he did it", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00576-00196451-00197027": "Harold Ickes there's a move towards", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00577-00197028-00197270": "closure stefania's as I reflect on a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00578-00197271-00197795": "couple of experiences that anchored me", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00579-00197796-00198287": "in historic preservation and I sense", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00580-00198288-00198775": "that we all have had experiences that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00581-00198776-00199157": "have touched us intellectually and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00582-00199158-00199409": "emotionally in terms of really", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00583-00199410-00199873": "understanding that historic preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00584-00199874-00200419": "doesn't happen just because we weren't", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00585-00200420-00200734": "historic preservation by definition", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00586-00200735-00201290": "equates to hard work in my first", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00587-00201291-00201377": "superintendency", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00588-00201378-00201865": "in the National Capital Region in 1970 I", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00589-00201866-00202091": "had the opportunity to become associated", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00590-00202092-00202711": "with two parks of two great Americans", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00591-00202712-00203124": "their legacies continue to inspire me", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00592-00203125-00203702": "today Congress in 1960 passed", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00593-00203703-00204018": "legislation signed into law by President", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00594-00204019-00204306": "Eisenhower authorized in the National", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00595-00204307-00204612": "Council of Negro men to construct on", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00596-00204613-00204890": "park lands a memorial to one of this", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00597-00204891-00205248": "nation's greatest daughters dr. Mary", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00598-00205248-00205827": "McLeod Bethune this legislation as with", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00599-00205828-00206106": "all legislation authorizing Memorial", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00600-00206107-00206583": "monuments on park land has a sunset date", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00601-00206584-00206894": "and this legislation said that it is", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00602-00206896-00207180": "revoked within a period of five years", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00603-00207181-00207536": "and this was in the midst of a civil", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00604-00207537-00207683": "rights movement and the council was", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00605-00207684-00207971": "having difficulty in raising farms for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00606-00207973-00208133": "the planning design and construction or", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00607-00208134-00208569": "morale so the legislation lapped but the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00608-00208569-00208719": "National Council on the leadership of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00609-00208719-00209079": "dr. height did not give up did not give", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00610-00209080-00209451": "up the legislation had to be extended", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00611-00209452-00209754": "not to time but three times but four", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00612-00209755-00209864": "times", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00613-00209865-00210237": "dr. new height never lost to I or the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00614-00210238-00210303": "prize", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00615-00210304-00210557": "even though thorns were being used to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00616-00210558-00210848": "bail out students dr. King and others", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00617-00210850-00211155": "who were being jailed tonight the civil", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00618-00211156-00211259": "rights movie", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00619-00211260-00211578": "she never gave up that memorial was", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00620-00211579-00211848": "dedicated in 1974 it is not only in the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00621-00211848-00212073": "nation's capitol the first memorial and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00622-00212073-00212301": "african-american but the first min War", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00623-00212302-00212682": "to anyone in our nation's Captain", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00624-00212683-00212901": "America and then there is a home of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00625-00212902-00213546": "Frederick Douglass and in prison mix", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00626-00213546-00213951": "book recent book she spoke about the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00627-00213952-00214278": "ladies who moved toward saving the aged", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00628-00214279-00214605": "the estate of President George", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00629-00214606-00214941": "Washington Mount Vernon there was a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00630-00214942-00215532": "similar a similar journey on the part of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00631-00215533-00215907": "mr. Douglass his second wife Helen Pitts", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00632-00215908-00216107": "Dedalus", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00633-00216108-00216636": "shut up his death in 1895 she", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00634-00216637-00216906": "extravasated Douglas Memorial and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00635-00216907-00217278": "Historical Association she acquired all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00636-00217279-00217506": "the interest in the property 14 acres in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00637-00217507-00217794": "the hole from its a Douglas is cheering", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00638-00217794-00218151": "of his first marriage and found it to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00639-00218152-00218304": "fit at Douglas Memorial and store", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00640-00218305-00218628": "Association and transfer tower to this", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00641-00218629-00218883": "organization in hope that they would be", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00642-00218884-00219111": "able to keep it up allow visitors to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00643-00219112-00219471": "come but then we're confronted with", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00644-00219471-00219894": "World War one the Great Depression World", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00645-00219894-00220191": "War two the career in conflict but the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00646-00220192-00220385": "lady is principally there were few men", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00647-00220386-00220737": "they kept them home they kept the hall", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00648-00220738-00220983": "and to the extent possible they kept it", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00649-00220984-00221238": "open to the public and then in nineteen", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00650-00221239-00221546": "in the sixties they sawed through the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00651-00221548-00221736": "leadership of Senator Hart from Michigan", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00652-00221737-00222023": "Charles dig for Michigan work with", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00653-00222023-00222311": "director Hart saw for me over with that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00654-00222312-00222627": "director Connie Worth Stewart Udall and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00655-00222628-00223021": "others Congress enacted legislation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00656-00223023-00223373": "signed into law by President Kennedy on", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00657-00223373-00223934": "October problems September 5 1962", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00658-00223935-00224169": "authorized and the fitted debtors halt", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00659-00224169-00224498": "at the unit of the National Park System", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00660-00224498-00224763": "when our great historians commented", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00661-00224764-00225413": "about the home and his exact expression", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00662-00225414-00225867": "marvelous preservation dr. benjamin", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00663-00225867-00226665": "quarrels lastly let me share with you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00664-00226666-00227358": "and leave this for some thoughts all of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00665-00227359-00228042": "us experience special moments sit down", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00666-00228042-00228796": "in the context of observances birthdays", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00667-00228796-00229190": "commemoration of special events and all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00668-00229191-00229648": "of the move by those those that are part", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00669-00229650-00229871": "of the family birthdays and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00670-00229871-00230228": "what-have-you and among some of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00671-00230229-00230488": "moving experiences I've had is to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00672-00230489-00230746": "participate in the Veterans Day in my", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00673-00230748-00230917": "holiday service at the Vietnam veteran", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00674-00230919-00231290": "or mall because those 58,000 names on", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00675-00231291-00231734": "their wall are my contemporaries very", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00676-00231735-00232216": "moving to be there and then", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00677-00232217-00232642": "Naturalization Services always moving", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00678-00232642-00233039": "when that is concluded there is a new", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00679-00233040-00233477": "citizen who embraces all of our history", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00680-00233478-00233723": "they are Americans and you cannot be", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00681-00233723-00233966": "selective about what part of the history", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00682-00233967-00234421": "you are assuming as a new citizen so", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00683-00234423-00234865": "when I see a new citizen sworn in they", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00684-00234866-00235060": "hopefully has an understanding", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00685-00235061-00235355": "appreciation of the Latino heritage the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00686-00235356-00235637": "Asian America Native America in African", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00687-00235638-00236646": "America that's very moving but last year", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00688-00236648-00237275": "last year I had the opportunity at the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00689-00237276-00237638": "invitation of congressman Clyburn to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00690-00237639-00238110": "attend a ceremony in emancipation hall", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00691-00238111-00238996": "in the new visitor center and this was", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00692-00238996-00239542": "an occasion to commemorate something", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00693-00239544-00239915": "that have occurred a hundred and fifty", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00694-00239916-00240692": "years ago and as each of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00695-00240692-00241267": "participants spoke about that important", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00696-00241267-00241650": "occasion", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00697-00241651-00242265": "I reflected as many of those in the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00698-00242266-00242837": "audience reflected on that occurrence", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00699-00242838-00243662": "and yes most if not all in that audience", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00700-00243663-00244554": "trembled there was not a dry eye in the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00701-00244555-00244679": "house", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00702-00244680-00245294": "and I thought about the participation of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00703-00245294-00245969": "the bipartisan leadership of both the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00704-00245971-00246627": "House and the Senate it was something", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00705-00246628-00247239": "beautiful to behold and each of them", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00706-00247240-00248100": "spoke about that event that occurred 150", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00707-00248101-00248744": "years ago and I thought to myself I how", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00708-00248746-00249531": "glorious how wonderful even perhaps high", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00709-00249532-00250131": "godly it would have been if the purpose", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00710-00250132-00250744": "of that commemoration was reflected in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00711-00250746-00251541": "the body of a document that became", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00712-00251542-00252346": "effective in 1788 and if not in the body", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00713-00252348-00252831": "at least perhaps it would have been the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00714-00252832-00253506": "First Amendment at least it would have", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00715-00253507-00254340": "been first a minute this was not to be", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00716-00254341-00255527": "this was not to be so we continued to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00717-00255528-00256648": "witness the suffer and the inhumanity of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00718-00256650-00257489": "fellow human beings for another 78 years", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00719-00257490-00258771": "and then the walk and then the walk six", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00720-00258771-00259352": "hundred thousand young souls lost", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00721-00259353-00259769": "because those words were not included", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00722-00259769-00260466": "seventy eight years before and five", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00723-00260467-00261269": "months after surrender of Lee to General", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00724-00261271-00262275": "Grant by a must after those simple but", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00725-00262276-00262951": "very profound forty-three words were", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00726-00262952-00263589": "included as in a minute to a document", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00727-00263590-00264141": "that became effective in 1780 the words", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00728-00264142-00264682": "simply are these neither slavery nor", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00729-00264683-00265071": "involuntary servitude except as a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00730-00265072-00265317": "punishment for crime whereof the party", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00731-00265318-00265577": "shall be and have been duly convicted", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00732-00265578-00265914": "shall exist within the United States or", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00733-00265915-00266424": "any place civic to jurisdiction Congress", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00734-00266425-00266785": "has the power to enforce this article by", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00735-00266786-00267383": "appropriate legislation would not have", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00736-00267384-00267571": "had been godly", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00737-00267572-00267979": "those words were included Orson Mysterio", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00738-00267980-00269156": "in 1788 three of my favorite", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00739-00269157-00269659": "presidential speeches are remarks this", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00740-00269660-00270033": "President Lincoln's second inaugural", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00741-00270034-00270737": "address encouraging us to bind up the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00742-00270738-00271256": "nation's wounds the other is often", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00743-00271257-00271693": "referred to I shall overcome speech", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00744-00271694-00272492": "given in 1965 before he joined Carlos by", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00745-00272493-00272702": "Lyndon Baines Johnson in five months", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00746-00272703-00273038": "after delivering this speech Congress", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00747-00273039-00273607": "enacted the 1965 Voting Rights Act", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00748-00273608-00274004": "following Bloody Sunday on the Edmund", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00749-00274005-00274537": "Pettus Bridge and the other most", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00750-00274538-00274973": "stirring speech was given on that day in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00751-00274974-00275359": "in emancipation hall commemorating the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00752-00275360-00275504": "hundredth and Fister anniversary of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00753-00275505-00275593": "13th minute", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00754-00275594-00276242": "given by President Obama and let me just", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00755-00276243-00276494": "share you some of his cinemas verbatim", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00756-00276495-00277151": "the long arch of progress is never", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00757-00277152-00277454": "assured never guaranteed but always", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00758-00277455-00277757": "possible always there to be earned no", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00759-00277758-00278213": "matter how we stick to uncharted courses", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00760-00278214-00278509": "no matter how divided our despairing we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00761-00278510-00278795": "may appear progress so long as we're", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00762-00278796-00279007": "willing to push for it so long we're", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00763-00279008-00279164": "willing to reach for each other", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00764-00279165-00279566": "we'll be achieved we would do a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00765-00279567-00279943": "disservice to those warriors of Justice", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00766-00279944-00280241": "Truman Truman Tubman I'm sorry", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00767-00280242-00280604": "and Douglass and Lincoln and King we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00768-00280605-00280691": "betrayed", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00769-00280692-00280922": "efforts of the past if we fail to push", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00770-00280923-00281332": "back against bigotry in all his form but", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00771-00281333-00281677": "we betray our most noble past as well if", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00772-00281678-00281851": "we were to deny the possibility of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00773-00281852-00282239": "movement the possibility of progress all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00774-00282240-00282464": "is required is that our generation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00775-00282465-00282709": "should be willing to do for those who", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00776-00282710-00283027": "came before us have done to hold fast to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00777-00283028-00283271": "our value to see ourselves and each", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00778-00283272-00283616": "other to cherish dignity and certainly", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00779-00283617-00284162": "to respect for each other regardless of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00780-00284163-00284383": "what they look like or where they come", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00781-00284384-00284656": "from or what their last name is what", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00782-00284657-00284873": "faith they practice to be honorable", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00783-00284874-00285349": "alike in what we give and what we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00784-00285350-00285743": "preserve and President Obama talked", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00785-00285744-00286022": "further about the richness of this", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00786-00286023-00286279": "nation the ultimate richness are our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00787-00286280-00286606": "youth always be attentive to the needs", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00788-00286607-00286909": "to contribute to that development and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00789-00286910-00287093": "certainly those of us in the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00790-00287094-00287240": "preservation have a continuing", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00791-00287241-00287524": "commitment to abide opportunities for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00792-00287525-00287752": "the development of our young people the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00793-00287753-00288058": "whole program of the trusted example the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00794-00288059-00288259": "youth intern program with the National", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00795-00288260-00288512": "Council of Historic Preservation and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00796-00288513-00288845": "others continuing our efforts to meet", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00797-00288846-00289145": "the needs of our young people our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00798-00289146-00289421": "greatest treasure our greatest wealth", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00799-00289422-00289783": "and I would applaud and encourage you to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00800-00289784-00290066": "continue to engage our young people", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00801-00290067-00290312": "throughout the breadth of Historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00802-00290313-00290683": "Preservation enclosing again I want to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00803-00290684-00291197": "salute each of you not only staff board", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00804-00291198-00291524": "members funders but our thousand", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00805-00291525-00291863": "thousand of volunteers for your tireless", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00806-00291864-00292142": "effort in preserving our collective", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00807-00292143-00292895": "heritage as I pointed out earlier mr.", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00808-00292896-00293297": "Douglass has an impact on me mr.", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00809-00293298-00293738": "Douglass and I if you will", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00810-00293739-00293936": "met the National Park Service in the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00811-00293937-00294589": "same year my introduction was through", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00812-00294590-00294812": "employment of the seasonal Range in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00813-00294813-00295166": "Grand Teton and mr. Dedalus is legacy", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00814-00295167-00295538": "commemorated as a unit of the National", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00815-00295539-00296354": "Park System he would remind us that all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00816-00296355-00296954": "progress is born of very struggle and if", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00817-00296955-00297713": "there is no progress there is there's no", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00818-00297714-00297965": "struggle there is no progress", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00819-00297966-00298262": "I would ask that each of you to stay in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00820-00298263-00298585": "the struggle for preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00821-00298586-00298931": "but the young president who made my", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00822-00298932-00299066": "appointment possible through the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00823-00299067-00299399": "leadership of secretaries to Udall the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00824-00299400-00299531": "same president that signed the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00825-00299532-00300050": "legislation of the deathless home we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00826-00300051-00300727": "celebrate his 100th birthday this year", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00827-00300728-00301091": "and thanks to the leadership of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00828-00301092-00301364": "congresswoman Eleanor Holmes Norton the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00829-00301365-00301766": "delicate Washington DC and through the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00830-00301767-00301925": "bipartisan leadership of both the House", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00831-00301926-00302216": "and the Senate the president on November", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00832-00302217-00302909": "2 signed into law a program called the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00833-00302910-00303142": "fitted Douglas Bicentennial Commission", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00834-00303143-00303565": "so during calendar year 2018 as a nation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00835-00303566-00303932": "we will celebrate this remarkable", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00836-00303933-00304268": "American life his contributions his", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00837-00304269-00304739": "legacies are enduring friend others but", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00838-00304740-00305377": "their young president john f kennedy EDU", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00839-00305378-00306082": "individually and collectively in mind", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00840-00306083-00306504": "when he made the observation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00841-00306505-00307137": "I am certain I am certain that when the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00842-00307138-00307620": "dusts of centrists has passed over our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00843-00307621-00308466": "cities we too will be remembered not for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00844-00308467-00309003": "victories or defeats in bowels or in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00845-00309004-00309435": "politics but rather but rather my", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00846-00309436-00309903": "friends for the contributions to the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00847-00309904-00310182": "human spirit thank you for your", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00848-00310183-00310617": "contributions my spirits are high please", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00849-00310618-00310878": "be in the struggle in preserving our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00850-00310879-00311300": "collective and rich cultural heritage", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00851-00311301-00311490": "congratulations thank you again", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00852-00311491-00313203": "[Applause]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00853-00313204-00313329": "[Music]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00854-00313330-00315983": "[Applause]", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00855-00315984-00316256": "well thank you Bob and congratulations", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00856-00316257-00316490": "again we owe you so much as a country", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00857-00316491-00316721": "and it's our deep pleasure and honor", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00858-00316722-00316961": "today to be able to recognize and salute", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00859-00316962-00317273": "your many many contributions and now I", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00860-00317274-00317516": "want to call to the stage another friend", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00861-00317517-00317744": "of the National Trust and one to whom we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00862-00317745-00317986": "also owe a great deal of gratitude", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00863-00317987-00318260": "Richard Brown is the vice president of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00864-00318261-00318455": "philanthropy at the American Express", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00865-00318456-00318686": "Foundation and is responsible for the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00866-00318687-00318914": "company's global giving to historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00867-00318915-00319163": "preservation and it's leadership program", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00868-00319164-00319433": "as many of you here know American", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00869-00319434-00319724": "Express's the National Trust longest and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00870-00319725-00319982": "most important corporate partner there", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00871-00319983-00320210": "they've been a founding presenting", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00872-00320211-00320345": "partner of our national treasures", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00873-00320346-00320510": "program and we've worked with him on any", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00874-00320511-00320723": "number of different initiatives over the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00875-00320724-00320924": "years including the Aspire award that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00876-00320925-00321203": "you saw earlier today the save America's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00877-00321204-00321425": "treasures program and partners and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00878-00321426-00321712": "preservation in fact we just concluded", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00879-00321713-00321953": "partners and preservation Main Street's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00880-00321954-00322109": "which awarded more than two million", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00881-00322110-00322292": "dollars in grants to Main streets across", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00882-00322293-00322562": "the country and and just generated a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00883-00322563-00322754": "great deal of publicity it was a real", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00884-00322755-00323030": "success since we began the partners in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00885-00323031-00323189": "preservation program with American", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00886-00323190-00323465": "Express in 2006 together we've", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00887-00323466-00323702": "distributed more than 19 million dollars", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00888-00323703-00323945": "in support to more than 200 historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00889-00323946-00324658": "sites across the country", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00890-00324659-00324866": "we're so pleased that Richard Brown", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00891-00324867-00325082": "could be with you be with us here today", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00892-00325083-00325238": "and Richard just let me say thank you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00893-00325239-00325433": "for your partnership and all the ways", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00894-00325434-00325610": "that American Express supports the work", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00895-00325611-00325820": "of the National Trust and preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00896-00325821-00326639": "worldwide thank you Stephanie for the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00897-00326640-00326828": "introduction and congratulations to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00898-00326829-00327098": "Nicole and to Robert on your incredible", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00899-00327099-00327670": "achievements really thank you very much", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00900-00327671-00327971": "it has been an honor to partner with the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00901-00327972-00328142": "National Trust for Historic Preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00902-00328143-00328421": "on many impactful initiatives over the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00903-00328422-00328685": "years American Express has a long", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00904-00328686-00328898": "history of helping communities thrive", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00905-00328899-00329246": "through the power of preservation over", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00906-00329247-00329492": "the past two decades we have donated", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00907-00329493-00329699": "more than sixty million dollars in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00908-00329700-00329869": "support of over five hundred", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00909-00329870-00330193": "preservation projects across the globe", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00910-00330194-00330578": "we believe Historic Places or emblems of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00911-00330579-00330863": "our share history compelling us to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00912-00330864-00331100": "recall moments that have collectively", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00913-00331101-00331528": "created us shaken us and United us", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00914-00331529-00331864": "through the vigor of local communities", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00915-00331865-00332051": "preservationist like you in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00916-00332052-00332315": "organizations like the National Trust we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00917-00332316-00332474": "have been able to help millions of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00918-00332475-00332657": "individuals discover their history and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00919-00332658-00333023": "find common ground thank you to everyone", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00920-00333024-00333488": "in this room who has fought every day to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00921-00333489-00333743": "guarantee that the past is never", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00922-00333744-00334022": "forgotten and I forgot to put my glasses", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00923-00334023-00334193": "on so I better do that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00924-00334194-00334526": "in preservationist terms our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00925-00334527-00334826": "relationships with the trust might seem", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00926-00334827-00335066": "young but over the past decade our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00927-00335067-00335264": "impact has been extraordinary and as", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00928-00335265-00335516": "just mentioned 19 million dollars over", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00929-00335517-00335758": "that period pretty phenomenal amount of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00930-00335759-00335966": "money from an organization from American", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00931-00335967-00336229": "Express the crowning jewel of our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00932-00336230-00336406": "relationship with the trust has been our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00933-00336407-00336665": "11 year long partnership and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00934-00336666-00336883": "preservation program which Stephanie", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00935-00336884-00337156": "just previously mentioned this public", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00936-00337157-00337354": "engagement campaign invites community", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00937-00337355-00337565": "members to vote for their favorite local", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00938-00337566-00337748": "historic sites to receive preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00939-00337749-00337933": "funding ensuring their continued", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00940-00337934-00338312": "vitality and relevancy for this year's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00941-00338313-00338485": "campaign we brought partners and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00942-00338486-00338693": "preservations to local Main streets", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00943-00338694-00338999": "across the country from Boston to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00944-00339000-00339239": "Birmingham over five weeks historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00945-00339240-00339614": "sites on 25 US Main Street spied for two", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00946-00339615-00339759": "million dollars in American Express", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00947-00339760-00340070": "funding as decided by popular vote on", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00948-00340071-00340381": "National Geographic calm to further", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00949-00340382-00340528": "introduce you to this effort I would", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00950-00340529-00340739": "like to play a brief video featuring our", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00951-00340740-00340940": "partners of preservation spokesperson", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00952-00340941-00341008": "Mike Wolfe", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00953-00341009-00341218": "star of The History Channel show", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00954-00341219-00341377": "American Pickers", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00955-00341378-00341884": "please take a look hi I'm Mike from", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00956-00341885-00342089": "American Pickers on the History Channel", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00957-00342090-00342320": "I'm excited to announce that this year a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00958-00342321-00342491": "partnered with the National Trust for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00959-00342492-00342695": "Historic Preservation for partners and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00960-00342696-00342931": "preservation main street's a campaign", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00961-00342932-00343276": "created with American Express partners", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00962-00343277-00343520": "and preservation is bringing together 25", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00963-00343521-00343756": "sites and need a preservation from", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00964-00343757-00344032": "around the country all vying for part of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00965-00344033-00344332": "2 million in grant funds partners and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00966-00344333-00344506": "preservation invites the public to vote", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00967-00344507-00344669": "for their favorite Main Street at", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00968-00344670-00344972": "Boatner Main Street org through October", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00969-00344973-00345221": "31st to help reserve these historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00970-00345222-00345454": "structures you can vote once a day for", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00971-00345455-00345719": "up to 5 preservation projects and we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00972-00345720-00345952": "invite you to spread the word Main", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00973-00345953-00346163": "Street is the heartbeat of any community", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00974-00346164-00346394": "and when we protect these spaces we're", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00975-00346395-00346601": "not only preserving our history but", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00976-00346602-00346874": "history for future generations this year", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00977-00346875-00347021": "we hope you join partners in", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00978-00347022-00347152": "preservation to vote", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00979-00347153-00347389": "your main street I'll see you out there", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00980-00347390-00348072": "America with your help thank you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00981-00348073-00348355": "with your help we picked 11 winning", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00982-00348356-00348622": "sites garnered over 900,000 votes and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00983-00348623-00348832": "earned more than 500 news articles and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00984-00348833-00349177": "broadcast mentions these results prove", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00985-00349178-00349429": "that public enthusiasm for historic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00986-00349430-00349732": "preservation is alive and thriving", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00987-00349733-00350056": "so why mainstream more than", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00988-00350057-00350242": "three-quarters of Americans say that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00989-00350243-00350548": "preserving it is important and four out", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00990-00350549-00350761": "of five of us say that it contributes to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00991-00350762-00350986": "the well-being and enjoyment of an a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00992-00350987-00351337": "community in addition we also consider", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00993-00351338-00351532": "these commercial districts to be a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00994-00351533-00351759": "significant driver of local economies", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00995-00351760-00351964": "four out of five of us say it's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00996-00351965-00352207": "important to the neighborhood's economic", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00997-00352208-00352498": "success two-thirds of those identifying", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00998-00352499-00352717": "as managers at small businesses say that", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-00999-00352718-00352975": "preservation plays a factor in the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01000-00352976-00353155": "success of small businesses in the area", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01001-00353156-00353473": "and of course Millennials think it's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01002-00353474-00353596": "historic that think historically", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01003-00353597-00353767": "restored restaurants and bars a cool", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01004-00353768-00354082": "place to hang out simply put when we", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01005-00354083-00354280": "support our local historic sites and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01006-00354281-00354444": "Main streets we drive development", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01007-00354445-00354739": "preserve character attract visitors and", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01008-00354740-00355111": "propel commerce American Express has", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01009-00355112-00355366": "realized this for decades demonstrating", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01010-00355367-00355573": "an unwavering passion for our nation's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01011-00355574-00355750": "Main streets and businesses that serve", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01012-00355751-00356041": "them in 2010 our commitment to small", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01013-00356042-00356215": "businesses and Main Street came to life", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01014-00356216-00356392": "through the creation of Small Business", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01015-00356393-00356611": "Saturday a response to small business", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01016-00356612-00356932": "owners most pressing need more loyal", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01017-00356933-00357235": "customers falling between Black Friday", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01018-00357236-00357466": "and Cyber Monday it is a day to support", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01019-00357467-00357658": "the local businesses that create jobs", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01020-00357659-00357871": "boost the economy and preserve", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01021-00357872-00358105": "neighborhoods around the country today", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01022-00358106-00358285": "Small Business Saturday has become", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01023-00358286-00358534": "nationally celebrated event with support", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01024-00358535-00358792": "from thousands of small businesses and a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01025-00358793-00359008": "hundred and twelve million consumers all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01026-00359009-00359242": "driving billions of dollars in commerce", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01027-00359243-00359499": "across our country's Main streets", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01028-00359500-00359830": "historic preservation and the small the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01029-00359831-00360040": "shop small movement are cornerstones of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01030-00360041-00360190": "American Express's long standing", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01031-00360191-00360367": "commitment to serving communities around", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01032-00360368-00360481": "the world", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01033-00360482-00360716": "partners and preservation Mainstreet", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01034-00360717-00360941": "aligns these two commitments perfectly", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01035-00360942-00361183": "creating a broad scale awareness of the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01036-00361184-00361357": "connection between historic preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01037-00361358-00361576": "and our country's thriving commercial", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01038-00361577-00361822": "corridors even though this year's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01039-00361823-00362002": "campaign is over we encourage you to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01040-00362003-00362224": "continue advocating for your favorite", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01041-00362225-00362458": "Main Street everyday by shopping small", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01042-00362459-00362707": "and locally owned businesses sharing the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01043-00362708-00362833": "history of your Main Street with", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01044-00362834-00363121": "visitors and residents alike together", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01045-00363122-00363338": "let's show everyone how incredible the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01046-00363339-00363532": "power of Main streets and preservation", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01047-00363533-00363818": "can drooly be now to wrap up this year's", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01048-00363819-00363968": "past forward conference to provide a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01049-00363969-00364190": "preview of what's to come please join me", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01050-00364191-00364432": "in welcoming mrs. Meeks back to the", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01051-00364433-00365396": "stage thank you", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01052-00365397-00365568": "thanks Richard I thought you were gonna", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01053-00365569-00365822": "share some news there I was excited", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01054-00365823-00366345": "preview well thank you thanks Richard", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01055-00366346-00366540": "and thanks to all of our friends at", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01056-00366541-00366744": "American Express and thanks to all of", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01057-00366745-00366969": "you for being here I feel just a great", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01058-00366970-00367194": "sense of energy and renewal coming out", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01059-00367195-00367398": "of this past forward conference and I", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01060-00367399-00367551": "have to say as I look forward to", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01061-00367552-00367791": "Thanksgiving I'm reminded how grateful I", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01062-00367792-00368043": "am to have such meaningful work to do", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01063-00368044-00368214": "and such wonderful people to do it with", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01064-00368215-00368361": "thank you all", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01065-00368362-00368577": "safe travels and my best wishes for a", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01066-00368578-00369416": "great year", "jIIYQ3VeoqA-01067-00369417-00369623": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "jIWFzXScHbA", "text": {"jIWFzXScHbA-00000-00000014-00000289": "the international standard recording", "jIWFzXScHbA-00001-00000290-00000551": "code is RC is an international standard", "jIWFzXScHbA-00002-00000552-00000776": "code for uniquely identifying sound", "jIWFzXScHbA-00003-00000777-00000977": "recordings and music video recordings", "jIWFzXScHbA-00004-00000977-00001249": "the code was developed by the recording", "jIWFzXScHbA-00005-00001250-00001448": "industry in conjunction with the ISO", "jIWFzXScHbA-00006-00001449-00001764": "Technical Committee 46 subcommittee 9t", "jIWFzXScHbA-00007-00001766-00002108": "c-46s c9 which codified the standard as", "jIWFzXScHbA-00008-00002109-00002606": "ISO 3901 in 1986 and updated it in 2001", "jIWFzXScHbA-00009-00002607-00002930": "an ISR C identifies a particular", "jIWFzXScHbA-00010-00002931-00003184": "recording not the work composition and", "jIWFzXScHbA-00011-00003185-00003431": "lyrical content itself therefore", "jIWFzXScHbA-00012-00003432-00003688": "different recordings edits and remixes", "jIWFzXScHbA-00013-00003689-00003842": "of the same work should each have their", "jIWFzXScHbA-00014-00003843-00004279": "own ISRC works are identified by iswc", "jIWFzXScHbA-00015-00004280-00004469": "recordings remastered without", "jIWFzXScHbA-00016-00004470-00004700": "significant audio quality changes should", "jIWFzXScHbA-00017-00004701-00004940": "retain their existing ISRC but the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00018-00004941-00005129": "threshold is left to the discretion of", "jIWFzXScHbA-00019-00005130-00005519": "the record company", "jIWFzXScHbA-00020-00005520-00006353": "topic history ISO 3901 was finished in", "jIWFzXScHbA-00021-00006354-00006833": "1986 in 1988 the IFPI recommended that", "jIWFzXScHbA-00022-00006834-00007084": "its member companies adopt is RCS for", "jIWFzXScHbA-00023-00007086-00007487": "music videos in 1989 the ISO designated", "jIWFzXScHbA-00024-00007488-00007694": "the IFPI as the Registration Authority", "jIWFzXScHbA-00025-00007695-00008165": "for is RCS the IFPI in turn delegated", "jIWFzXScHbA-00026-00008166-00008417": "part of the administration of is RCS", "jIWFzXScHbA-00027-00008418-00008645": "to several dozen national agencies which", "jIWFzXScHbA-00028-00008646-00008915": "allocate is RCS to both record companies", "jIWFzXScHbA-00029-00008916-00009196": "and individuals the national agencies", "jIWFzXScHbA-00030-00009197-00009464": "began assigning isrc codes for music", "jIWFzXScHbA-00031-00009465-00009839": "videos in august 1989 the japanese", "jIWFzXScHbA-00032-00009840-00010130": "recording industry began encoding is RCS", "jIWFzXScHbA-00033-00010131-00010559": "on audio cds in november 1989 the IFPI", "jIWFzXScHbA-00034-00010560-00010745": "and the Recording Industry Association", "jIWFzXScHbA-00035-00010746-00011069": "of America RIAA then developed detailed", "jIWFzXScHbA-00036-00011070-00011249": "recommendations for this practice as", "jIWFzXScHbA-00037-00011250-00011504": "well as for isrc assignment in general", "jIWFzXScHbA-00038-00011505-00011840": "the IFPI adopted the recommendations in", "jIWFzXScHbA-00039-00011841-00012107": "March 1991 and they went into effect for", "jIWFzXScHbA-00040-00012108-00012767": "IFPI members on the 1st of January 1992", "jIWFzXScHbA-00041-00012768-00013296": "topic format", "jIWFzXScHbA-00042-00013297-00013575": "ISRC codes are always 12 characters long", "jIWFzXScHbA-00043-00013576-00014078": "in the form c c XX x YY n and n and n", "jIWFzXScHbA-00044-00014079-00014386": "the hyphens are not part of the is our C", "jIWFzXScHbA-00045-00014387-00014550": "code itself but codes are often", "jIWFzXScHbA-00046-00014551-00014746": "presented that way in print to make them", "jIWFzXScHbA-00047-00014747-00014997": "easier to read the four parts are as", "jIWFzXScHbA-00048-00014998-00015421": "follows CC is the appropriate to", "jIWFzXScHbA-00049-00015422-00015649": "character country code for the ISRC", "jIWFzXScHbA-00050-00015650-00015913": "issuer the code is assigned according to", "jIWFzXScHbA-00051-00015913-00016431": "the iso 3166-1 alpha-2 standard high", "jIWFzXScHbA-00052-00016432-00016675": "demand for is RCS within the united", "jIWFzXScHbA-00053-00016676-00016822": "states has caused the supply of", "jIWFzXScHbA-00054-00016823-00017025": "available registrant codes to become", "jIWFzXScHbA-00055-00017026-00017305": "exhausted after December 6th 2010 new", "jIWFzXScHbA-00056-00017306-00017494": "registrants in the u.s. used country", "jIWFzXScHbA-00057-00017495-00018199": "code QM the codes CP & DG are reserved", "jIWFzXScHbA-00058-00018200-00018583": "for further overflow and ZZ is reserved", "jIWFzXScHbA-00059-00018584-00018789": "for codes assigned by the International", "jIWFzXScHbA-00060-00018790-00019158": "ISRC agency further editions continue to", "jIWFzXScHbA-00061-00019159-00019549": "be made xxx is a three character", "jIWFzXScHbA-00062-00019550-00019825": "alphanumeric registrant code of the isrc", "jIWFzXScHbA-00063-00019826-00020092": "issuer this number by itself does not", "jIWFzXScHbA-00064-00020093-00020394": "uniquely identify the isrc issuer as the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00065-00020395-00020593": "same 3 digit number may be used in", "jIWFzXScHbA-00066-00020594-00020778": "various countries for different issuers", "jIWFzXScHbA-00067-00020779-00021072": "to uniquely identify an issuer the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00068-00021073-00021264": "country code and registrant code should", "jIWFzXScHbA-00069-00021265-00021700": "be used together YY represent the last", "jIWFzXScHbA-00070-00021701-00021883": "two digits of the reference year the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00071-00021884-00022099": "year that the ISRC was assigned to the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00072-00022100-00022375": "reporting this is not necessarily the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00073-00022376-00022611": "date the recording was made N and N and", "jIWFzXScHbA-00074-00022612-00022815": "N is a five digit number that identifies", "jIWFzXScHbA-00075-00022816-00023089": "the particular sound or video recording", "jIWFzXScHbA-00076-00023090-00023262": "unique within the scope of the reference", "jIWFzXScHbA-00077-00023263-00023452": "year an example the recording of the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00078-00023453-00023677": "song krazee-eyez by the American duo", "jIWFzXScHbA-00079-00023678-00023880": "Daryl Hall and John Oates has been", "jIWFzXScHbA-00080-00023881-00024143": "allocated the is our C code u.s. our", "jIWFzXScHbA-00081-00024144-00024655": "c-17 607 839 u.s. for United States rc1", "jIWFzXScHbA-00082-00024656-00024975": "for RCA 76 for one nine seven six zero", "jIWFzXScHbA-00083-00024976-00025168": "seven eight three nine as the uni-kit", "jIWFzXScHbA-00084-00025169-00025389": "identifying this particular recording", "jIWFzXScHbA-00085-00025390-00025569": "the red book standard recommends the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00086-00025570-00025920": "encoding of is RCS onto CDs topic", "jIWFzXScHbA-00087-00025922-00026194": "embedding is RC and files the standard", "jIWFzXScHbA-00088-00026195-00026512": "for the id3 v 2.2 tag that was designed", "jIWFzXScHbA-00089-00026513-00026631": "for use in MP", "jIWFzXScHbA-00090-00026632-00026814": "three files and was published on March", "jIWFzXScHbA-00091-00026814-00027192": "1998 defined a way to embed isrc in a t", "jIWFzXScHbA-00092-00027193-00027539": "SRC frame on August 2012 the European", "jIWFzXScHbA-00093-00027541-00027744": "broadcasting Union published a", "jIWFzXScHbA-00094-00027745-00028002": "specification for embedding isrc in", "jIWFzXScHbA-00095-00028002-00028341": "broadcast wav format topic obtaining is", "jIWFzXScHbA-00096-00028342-00028650": "RCS the provision of is RCS is overseen", "jIWFzXScHbA-00097-00028651-00028920": "by appointed national is RC agencies", "jIWFzXScHbA-00098-00028920-00029247": "these national is RC agency's issue", "jIWFzXScHbA-00099-00029248-00029448": "codes directly to the public and may", "jIWFzXScHbA-00100-00029449-00029757": "also utilize authorized ISRC managers to", "jIWFzXScHbA-00101-00029758-00030111": "issue is RCS in the United States the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00102-00030112-00030522": "appointed agency is RIAA is RC codes can", "jIWFzXScHbA-00103-00030523-00030693": "be obtained in large blocks directly", "jIWFzXScHbA-00104-00030694-00031050": "from RIAA for an administrative fee $95", "jIWFzXScHbA-00105-00031051-00031206": "at time of this publication in", "jIWFzXScHbA-00106-00031207-00031464": "quantities as little as one from is RC", "jIWFzXScHbA-00107-00031464-00031782": "com $2 to $5 or in conjunction with", "jIWFzXScHbA-00108-00031783-00031986": "other music-related services from other", "jIWFzXScHbA-00109-00031987-00032358": "authorized is RC managers in territories", "jIWFzXScHbA-00110-00032358-00032619": "where there is no national is RC agency", "jIWFzXScHbA-00111-00032620-00032874": "users can obtain is RC codes directly", "jIWFzXScHbA-00112-00032875-00033306": "from IFPI or from is RC com topic see", "jIWFzXScHbA-00113-00033307-00033483": "also Amazon standard identification", "jIWFzXScHbA-00114-00033484-00033798": "number ASI n a 10 character alphanumeric", "jIWFzXScHbA-00115-00033799-00034086": "unique identifier assigned by amazon.com", "jIWFzXScHbA-00116-00034087-00034284": "and its partners for product", "jIWFzXScHbA-00117-00034285-00034461": "identification within the Amazon", "jIWFzXScHbA-00118-00034462-00034692": "organization global release identifier", "jIWFzXScHbA-00119-00034693-00034959": "grid a unique identifier for musical", "jIWFzXScHbA-00120-00034960-00035148": "releases international article number", "jIWFzXScHbA-00121-00035149-00035448": "Orion 13 also known as European article", "jIWFzXScHbA-00122-00035449-00035655": "number the media catalog number code", "jIWFzXScHbA-00123-00035656-00035889": "stored on an audio CD international", "jIWFzXScHbA-00124-00035890-00036000": "standard book number", "jIWFzXScHbA-00125-00036001-00036255": "ISBN a similar unique identifier for", "jIWFzXScHbA-00126-00036256-00036486": "books international standard musical", "jIWFzXScHbA-00127-00036487-00036819": "work code iswc a unique identifier for", "jIWFzXScHbA-00128-00036820-00037044": "musical works such as songs universal", "jIWFzXScHbA-00129-00037045-00037113": "product code", "jIWFzXScHbA-00130-00037114-00037398": "UPC universal product code topic", "jIWFzXScHbA-00131-00037399-00037758": "references topic external links iso 3901", "jIWFzXScHbA-00132-00037759-00038019": "- 2001 technical standards the", "jIWFzXScHbA-00133-00038020-00038235": "international standard reporting code at", "jIWFzXScHbA-00134-00038236-00038424": "recording industry association of", "jIWFzXScHbA-00135-00038425-00038880": "america's website is RC registration", "jIWFzXScHbA-00136-00038881-00039093": "authority"}}, {"audio_id": "jIYpxZkgh-4", "text": {"jIYpxZkgh-4-00000-00000016-00000041": "[Music]", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00001-00000042-00003118": "foreign", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00002-00003119-00004668": "foreign", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00003-00004669-00006503": "[Music]", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00004-00006504-00007642": "foreign", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00005-00007643-00008441": "[Music]", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00006-00008442-00010639": "[Music]", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00007-00010640-00012646": "all right", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00008-00012647-00014081": "foreign", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00009-00014082-00015766": "[Music]", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00010-00015768-00016541": "video", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00011-00016542-00017155": "um", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00012-00017156-00019361": "[Music]", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00013-00019362-00019411": "thank you", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00014-00019412-00019708": "[Music]", "jIYpxZkgh-4-00015-00019709-00020009": "foreign"}}, {"audio_id": "jJrShi4n_uu", "text": {"jJrShi4n_uu-00000-00000170-00000295": "[Music]", "jJrShi4n_uu-00001-00000296-00000503": "hey my name is reed pinkert and i'm a", "jJrShi4n_uu-00002-00000504-00000615": "freshman here at the university of", "jJrShi4n_uu-00003-00000616-00000759": "arkansas and i stay on campus", "jJrShi4n_uu-00004-00000760-00000975": "specifically at the quad i think my", "jJrShi4n_uu-00005-00000976-00001287": "favorite memory has to be when i got", "jJrShi4n_uu-00006-00001288-00001535": "into flf freshman leadership forum and i", "jJrShi4n_uu-00007-00001536-00001751": "was finally able to meet my small group", "jJrShi4n_uu-00008-00001752-00001967": "and specifically my small group leader", "jJrShi4n_uu-00009-00001968-00002126": "shout out to you lauren i love you to", "jJrShi4n_uu-00010-00002127-00002334": "dad also just meeting everyone in that", "jJrShi4n_uu-00011-00002335-00002542": "group and figuring out just how similar", "jJrShi4n_uu-00012-00002543-00002718": "we are but also like embracing our", "jJrShi4n_uu-00013-00002719-00002926": "differences and finding out like who we", "jJrShi4n_uu-00014-00002927-00003039": "are as people even though we haven't", "jJrShi4n_uu-00015-00003040-00003191": "known each other for too long i know", "jJrShi4n_uu-00016-00003192-00003399": "that that experience is going to be get", "jJrShi4n_uu-00017-00003400-00003638": "even better as we go on my weirdest", "jJrShi4n_uu-00018-00003639-00003911": "experience it has to be like regarding", "jJrShi4n_uu-00019-00003911-00004111": "my tuesday thursday classes i only have", "jJrShi4n_uu-00020-00004112-00004343": "15 minutes in between each class so my", "jJrShi4n_uu-00021-00004344-00004567": "transition from kimple all the way to my", "jJrShi4n_uu-00022-00004568-00004702": "world like class which is on the other", "jJrShi4n_uu-00023-00004703-00004951": "side of campus having only 15 minutes", "jJrShi4n_uu-00024-00004952-00005086": "and then especially the beginning of the", "jJrShi4n_uu-00025-00005087-00005311": "school year when it's hot and then you", "jJrShi4n_uu-00026-00005312-00005463": "get sweaty getting to that class and", "jJrShi4n_uu-00027-00005464-00005615": "being the last person and only having", "jJrShi4n_uu-00028-00005616-00005767": "one seat left in the front and then", "jJrShi4n_uu-00029-00005768-00005959": "everyone's watching you walk in has to", "jJrShi4n_uu-00030-00005960-00006143": "be the weirdest moment", "jJrShi4n_uu-00031-00006144-00006311": "i think one of the biggest challenges of", "jJrShi4n_uu-00032-00006312-00006510": "living on campus is like fostering a", "jJrShi4n_uu-00033-00006511-00006695": "sense of community when you first get", "jJrShi4n_uu-00034-00006695-00006887": "here it's for sure going to happen at", "jJrShi4n_uu-00035-00006888-00007078": "some point but trying to find that", "jJrShi4n_uu-00036-00007079-00007270": "community and like where you fit into is", "jJrShi4n_uu-00037-00007272-00007446": "probably the most difficult thing that i", "jJrShi4n_uu-00038-00007447-00007527": "found", "jJrShi4n_uu-00039-00007528-00007710": "luckily enough after a couple weeks i", "jJrShi4n_uu-00040-00007711-00007855": "found where i fit in and like the", "jJrShi4n_uu-00041-00007856-00008055": "community that i'm most safe and love to", "jJrShi4n_uu-00042-00008056-00008367": "be a part of", "jJrShi4n_uu-00043-00008368-00008816": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "jJta67d6KBM", "text": {"jJta67d6KBM-00000-00000039-00000279": "let's find secant of negative 90 degrees", "jJta67d6KBM-00001-00000280-00000430": "using the unit circle we're going to", "jJta67d6KBM-00002-00000431-00000655": "rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise on", "jJta67d6KBM-00003-00000656-00000815": "the unit circle since we're dealing with", "jJta67d6KBM-00004-00000816-00000950": "a negative number", "jJta67d6KBM-00005-00000951-00001239": "now secant is just one over cosine so", "jJta67d6KBM-00006-00001240-00001511": "secant of negative 90 degrees is equal", "jJta67d6KBM-00007-00001512-00001798": "to one over zero", "jJta67d6KBM-00008-00001800-00001998": "now the problem here is that we can't", "jJta67d6KBM-00009-00002000-00002215": "divide a number by zero", "jJta67d6KBM-00010-00002216-00002391": "so our final answer is", "jJta67d6KBM-00011-00002392-00002695": "one over zero which is undefined", "jJta67d6KBM-00012-00002696-00002950": "so secant of negative ninety degrees is", "jJta67d6KBM-00013-00002951-00003184": "undefined"}}, {"audio_id": "jJCjhfWEbIA", "text": {"jJCjhfWEbIA-00000-00000014-00001743": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00001-00001744-00001882": "so", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00002-00001882-00004727": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00003-00004728-00004932": "so", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00004-00004933-00009063": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00005-00009064-00009193": "so", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00006-00009194-00010463": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00007-00010464-00011380": "so", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00008-00011381-00015543": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00009-00015544-00016037": "[Applause]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00010-00016038-00016107": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00011-00016108-00016603": "[Applause]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00012-00016604-00017795": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00013-00017796-00018504": "[Applause]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00014-00018505-00026400": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00015-00026401-00027808": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00016-00027810-00028231": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00017-00028232-00028627": "so", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00018-00028629-00034364": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00019-00034365-00035639": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00020-00035640-00035895": "do", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00021-00035896-00040774": "[Music]", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00022-00040775-00040866": "foreign", "jJCjhfWEbIA-00023-00040867-00041392": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "jK0_uJW88go", "text": {"jK0_uJW88go-00000-00000343-00000511": "my name is miro ranchok", "jK0_uJW88go-00001-00000512-00000743": "i am one of the python maintainers in", "jK0_uJW88go-00002-00000744-00000839": "fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00003-00000840-00001143": "and in this uh talk", "jK0_uJW88go-00004-00001144-00001343": "i will try to tell you the story about", "jK0_uJW88go-00005-00001344-00001550": "how we updated python 2.", "jK0_uJW88go-00006-00001551-00001967": "uh three nine in fedora uh fedora 33 is", "jK0_uJW88go-00007-00001968-00002039": "the first", "jK0_uJW88go-00008-00002039-00002415": "uh not really but we can say it's the", "jK0_uJW88go-00009-00002416-00002479": "first uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00010-00002480-00002767": "fedora with python39 and about the not", "jK0_uJW88go-00011-00002768-00002839": "really", "jK0_uJW88go-00012-00002840-00003110": "i'll get to that first of all how new", "jK0_uJW88go-00013-00003111-00003286": "versions in fedora even work", "jK0_uJW88go-00014-00003288-00003606": "what's going on uh so before python 39", "jK0_uJW88go-00015-00003607-00003735": "there was a new python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00016-00003736-00003975": "approximately every year and a half", "jK0_uJW88go-00017-00003976-00004335": "but it was not quite often the very same", "jK0_uJW88go-00018-00004336-00004719": "time so the new python in a new fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00019-00004720-00004935": "it was kind of random we could expect", "jK0_uJW88go-00020-00004936-00005022": "something", "jK0_uJW88go-00021-00005023-00005279": "and usually three federal releases would", "jK0_uJW88go-00022-00005280-00005470": "have the same python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00023-00005471-00005799": "uh since very recently as", "jK0_uJW88go-00024-00005800-00006143": "new with python39 there is a new python", "jK0_uJW88go-00025-00006144-00006222": "version", "jK0_uJW88go-00026-00006223-00006510": "coming out each year uh that's uh for", "jK0_uJW88go-00027-00006511-00006655": "two fedora releases", "jK0_uJW88go-00028-00006656-00006846": "so every second fedora release we will", "jK0_uJW88go-00029-00006847-00006991": "be updating python", "jK0_uJW88go-00030-00006992-00007270": "if everything works out the python", "jK0_uJW88go-00031-00007272-00007375": "schedule", "jK0_uJW88go-00032-00007376-00007734": "was actually uh adapted to match the", "jK0_uJW88go-00033-00007736-00007878": "fedora schedule so", "jK0_uJW88go-00034-00007879-00008110": "now we know that the new python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00035-00008111-00008351": "is released in october", "jK0_uJW88go-00036-00008352-00008559": "which is usually also when the fedora is", "jK0_uJW88go-00037-00008560-00008710": "released and the", "jK0_uJW88go-00038-00008711-00008942": "titan developers upstream make sure that", "jK0_uJW88go-00039-00008943-00009031": "we can make it", "jK0_uJW88go-00040-00009032-00009263": "and we can work together to update it in", "jK0_uJW88go-00041-00009264-00009495": "fedora early", "jK0_uJW88go-00042-00009496-00009655": "it's important to know that the", "jK0_uJW88go-00043-00009656-00009855": "development of a new python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00044-00009856-00009927": "takes", "jK0_uJW88go-00045-00009928-00010142": "the whole year so when a new version is", "jK0_uJW88go-00046-00010143-00010319": "released immediately", "jK0_uJW88go-00047-00010320-00010655": "work happens for the new release and", "jK0_uJW88go-00048-00010656-00010967": "this is also true for fedora because we", "jK0_uJW88go-00049-00010968-00011255": "could either integrate new version", "jK0_uJW88go-00050-00011256-00011574": "really soon and get uh involved in", "jK0_uJW88go-00051-00011575-00011703": "upstream development", "jK0_uJW88go-00052-00011704-00011927": "with python or a lot of lot of other", "jK0_uJW88go-00053-00011928-00012095": "software written python that we have in", "jK0_uJW88go-00054-00012096-00012206": "fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00055-00012207-00012503": "uh also it means that we can get our", "jK0_uJW88go-00056-00012504-00012678": "hands dirty", "jK0_uJW88go-00057-00012679-00012894": "uh because it usually involves a lot of", "jK0_uJW88go-00058-00012895-00013015": "patching and", "jK0_uJW88go-00059-00013016-00013327": "making sure things work together uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00060-00013328-00013566": "basically integration this goes really", "jK0_uJW88go-00061-00013568-00013735": "well with the fedora foundation", "jK0_uJW88go-00062-00013736-00014083": "uh first because we really try to be", "jK0_uJW88go-00063-00014084-00014335": "first", "jK0_uJW88go-00064-00014336-00014535": "ben says it's really great that upstream", "jK0_uJW88go-00065-00014536-00014719": "projects align their schedules two hours", "jK0_uJW88go-00066-00014719-00015007": "i i i know it has been really really", "jK0_uJW88go-00067-00015008-00015191": "nice working with python upstream to get", "jK0_uJW88go-00068-00015191-00015271": "this done", "jK0_uJW88go-00069-00015272-00015527": "and it worked perfectly in fedora 33 and", "jK0_uJW88go-00070-00015528-00015703": "i hope it will work perfectly later as", "jK0_uJW88go-00071-00015704-00015911": "well", "jK0_uJW88go-00072-00015912-00016175": "fedora actually doesn't only offer one", "jK0_uJW88go-00073-00016176-00016263": "python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00074-00016263-00016591": "uh or two as it used to be uh currently", "jK0_uJW88go-00075-00016592-00016703": "we have a lot", "jK0_uJW88go-00076-00016704-00016894": "a long list of python versions this is", "jK0_uJW88go-00077-00016895-00017079": "just so you have an idea", "jK0_uJW88go-00078-00017080-00017367": "this is mostly uh intended for python", "jK0_uJW88go-00079-00017368-00017575": "developers so if you if you", "jK0_uJW88go-00080-00017576-00017758": "code in python and you need to make sure", "jK0_uJW88go-00081-00017759-00018022": "that your software works with multiple", "jK0_uJW88go-00082-00018023-00018158": "python versions fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00083-00018159-00018486": "is your best platform of choice uh we", "jK0_uJW88go-00084-00018487-00018535": "have", "jK0_uJW88go-00085-00018536-00018767": "multiple old pythons even some new", "jK0_uJW88go-00086-00018768-00018863": "pythons", "jK0_uJW88go-00087-00018864-00019079": "we really care about developers who use", "jK0_uJW88go-00088-00019080-00019183": "fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00089-00019184-00019430": "as their work machine but they need to", "jK0_uJW88go-00090-00019431-00019575": "deploy for rel7", "jK0_uJW88go-00091-00019576-00019879": "or even debian and stuff like that", "jK0_uJW88go-00092-00019880-00020047": "we also have different python", "jK0_uJW88go-00093-00020048-00020230": "implementations like micro python", "jK0_uJW88go-00094-00020231-00020414": "chaitin or pi pi", "jK0_uJW88go-00095-00020415-00020735": "but what's important is that uh one of", "jK0_uJW88go-00096-00020736-00020863": "the python versions", "jK0_uJW88go-00097-00020864-00021063": "is the main one we call it internally", "jK0_uJW88go-00098-00021064-00021183": "the main python", "jK0_uJW88go-00099-00021184-00021494": "because default python was a problematic", "jK0_uJW88go-00100-00021495-00021686": "term", "jK0_uJW88go-00101-00021687-00021943": "and what this means is that in one", "jK0_uJW88go-00102-00021944-00022135": "fedora version you only have one main", "jK0_uJW88go-00103-00022136-00022222": "python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00104-00022223-00022543": "for example for fedora 29 to 31", "jK0_uJW88go-00105-00022544-00022855": "it was python37 uh this is", "jK0_uJW88go-00106-00022856-00023135": "only now relevant on on 31 which will", "jK0_uJW88go-00107-00023136-00023263": "soon die", "jK0_uJW88go-00108-00023264-00023622": "hopefully soon and uh for fedora 32", "jK0_uJW88go-00109-00023623-00023855": "this was python38 which was originally", "jK0_uJW88go-00110-00023856-00024007": "planned for fedora 31", "jK0_uJW88go-00111-00024008-00024255": "but we didn't make it it was before the", "jK0_uJW88go-00112-00024256-00024407": "schedules were aligned", "jK0_uJW88go-00113-00024408-00024686": "so now when they are aligned uh it", "jK0_uJW88go-00114-00024687-00024814": "should usually work out that", "jK0_uJW88go-00115-00024815-00025047": "there will be two fedora releases with", "jK0_uJW88go-00116-00025048-00025183": "one main patent", "jK0_uJW88go-00117-00025184-00025447": "python version for fedora 33 and 34", "jK0_uJW88go-00118-00025448-00025486": "that's", "jK0_uJW88go-00119-00025487-00025727": "that's three nine which this talk is", "jK0_uJW88go-00120-00025727-00025846": "going to be about", "jK0_uJW88go-00121-00025847-00026134": "for the next two we plan to do free then", "jK0_uJW88go-00122-00026135-00026302": "there is actually already approved", "jK0_uJW88go-00123-00026304-00026470": "fedora change", "jK0_uJW88go-00124-00026472-00026814": "for fedora 35 which as usually is the", "jK0_uJW88go-00125-00026816-00026974": "very first uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00126-00026975-00027295": "fedora change for for the new version uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00127-00027295-00027543": "people now care about 34 we are way", "jK0_uJW88go-00128-00027544-00027639": "ahead of you", "jK0_uJW88go-00129-00027639-00027958": "we already planning for 35.", "jK0_uJW88go-00130-00027960-00028183": "uh what's different on this main python", "jK0_uJW88go-00131-00028183-00028343": "version is that there is a stack of", "jK0_uJW88go-00132-00028344-00028479": "packages fedora has", "jK0_uJW88go-00133-00028480-00028718": "thousands of packages that use this", "jK0_uJW88go-00134-00028719-00028814": "python version and", "jK0_uJW88go-00135-00028816-00029102": "it has zero packages that use the", "jK0_uJW88go-00136-00029104-00029279": "alternative versions", "jK0_uJW88go-00137-00029280-00029511": "except some launchers and test runners", "jK0_uJW88go-00138-00029512-00029590": "that", "jK0_uJW88go-00139-00029591-00029774": "allow you to test your software on", "jK0_uJW88go-00140-00029775-00029990": "multiple python versions", "jK0_uJW88go-00141-00029991-00030255": "fedora itself runs on this so whether", "jK0_uJW88go-00142-00030256-00030439": "you install packages whether you install", "jK0_uJW88go-00143-00030439-00030623": "fedora whether you actually make", "jK0_uJW88go-00144-00030624-00030879": "packages for fedora you are using python", "jK0_uJW88go-00145-00030880-00031062": "and you're using the main painter title", "jK0_uJW88go-00146-00031063-00031358": "version it's fairly critical", "jK0_uJW88go-00147-00031360-00031567": "and this is the python you get when when", "jK0_uJW88go-00148-00031568-00031758": "you run python free command on", "jK0_uJW88go-00149-00031760-00032046": "or recently or not so recently when you", "jK0_uJW88go-00150-00032047-00032214": "just run the python command", "jK0_uJW88go-00151-00032216-00032423": "you will get the main python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00152-00032424-00032558": "which is three nine", "jK0_uJW88go-00153-00032560-00032895": "in fedora 33 we realize that while uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00154-00032896-00033031": "many developers use", "jK0_uJW88go-00155-00033032-00033183": "all the python versions that they care", "jK0_uJW88go-00156-00033184-00033343": "about uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00157-00033344-00033623": "majority of our users will only ever use", "jK0_uJW88go-00158-00033624-00033702": "the main", "jK0_uJW88go-00159-00033703-00033951": "python version so we try to make sure", "jK0_uJW88go-00160-00033952-00034039": "everything works", "jK0_uJW88go-00161-00034040-00034527": "smoothly and there are no issues", "jK0_uJW88go-00162-00034528-00034767": "if you look at the some statistics i i", "jK0_uJW88go-00163-00034768-00034911": "usually won't uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00164-00034912-00035127": "you know usually i wanted to show you", "jK0_uJW88go-00165-00035128-00035246": "some images", "jK0_uJW88go-00166-00035247-00035431": "plots and graphs but i didn't have time", "jK0_uJW88go-00167-00035432-00035574": "to do that it's really", "jK0_uJW88go-00168-00035575-00035935": "complicated for me so i prefer text", "jK0_uJW88go-00169-00035936-00036199": "this is some uh historical data i didn't", "jK0_uJW88go-00170-00036200-00036255": "want to go", "jK0_uJW88go-00171-00036256-00036471": "too deep into history there was a", "jK0_uJW88go-00172-00036472-00036607": "problem because there were", "jK0_uJW88go-00173-00036608-00036807": "usually python 2 packages before now we", "jK0_uJW88go-00174-00036808-00036983": "have python 3 packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00175-00036984-00037190": "but you can see that the the number of", "jK0_uJW88go-00176-00037191-00037383": "packages in fedora is growing", "jK0_uJW88go-00177-00037384-00037735": "is growing steadily uh the", "jK0_uJW88go-00178-00037736-00038102": "numbers in here are how many percent of", "jK0_uJW88go-00179-00038103-00038271": "packages is more than the previous", "jK0_uJW88go-00180-00038272-00038574": "release", "jK0_uJW88go-00181-00038575-00038879": "so basically it's around 10 percent", "jK0_uJW88go-00182-00038880-00039151": "each release and for five releases", "jK0_uJW88go-00183-00039152-00039430": "difference it has been 68", "jK0_uJW88go-00184-00039431-00039774": "uh which is quite a lot and uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00185-00039775-00040087": "it's approximately 10 of all the fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00186-00040088-00040174": "packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00187-00040175-00040383": "which i would say is one of the greatest", "jK0_uJW88go-00188-00040384-00040518": "stack in fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00189-00040519-00040679": "when it comes to number of packages i", "jK0_uJW88go-00190-00040680-00040846": "didn't do any like", "jK0_uJW88go-00191-00040847-00041071": "checks how many pair packages or node.js", "jK0_uJW88go-00192-00041072-00041199": "packages there are", "jK0_uJW88go-00193-00041200-00041774": "but the 10 i would say is quite a lot", "jK0_uJW88go-00194-00041775-00042071": "when we have these packages thousands of", "jK0_uJW88go-00195-00042072-00042174": "packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00196-00042175-00042462": "they require a specific python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00197-00042463-00042518": "uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00198-00042519-00042687": "for those of you you know packaging the", "jK0_uJW88go-00199-00042688-00042935": "rpm packages have requirement", "jK0_uJW88go-00200-00042936-00043271": "on python xy which is the version that", "jK0_uJW88go-00201-00043272-00043446": "was used to build the package", "jK0_uJW88go-00202-00043447-00043623": "many python libraries install these", "jK0_uJW88go-00203-00043624-00043902": "specific directories that are uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00204-00043903-00044151": "like versioned uh so you can have", "jK0_uJW88go-00205-00044152-00044383": "multiple python stacks if you want to", "jK0_uJW88go-00206-00044384-00046095": "yeah um", "jK0_uJW88go-00207-00046096-00046399": "yeah i can do it from here so uh if you", "jK0_uJW88go-00208-00046400-00046551": "if you have an application that embeds", "jK0_uJW88go-00209-00046552-00046774": "python or if you if you have a cache", "jK0_uJW88go-00210-00046775-00046990": "file for the specific python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00211-00046991-00047239": "it's tied to the xy version that will be", "jK0_uJW88go-00212-00047240-00047439": "three eight before and three nine", "jK0_uJW88go-00213-00047440-00047695": "now and so this means that every time we", "jK0_uJW88go-00214-00047696-00047839": "actually upgrade", "jK0_uJW88go-00215-00047840-00048255": "python uh we need to rebuild around 4", "jK0_uJW88go-00216-00048256-00048295": "000", "jK0_uJW88go-00217-00048296-00048558": "packages in fedora and not only rebuild", "jK0_uJW88go-00218-00048559-00048727": "them but we need to rebuild them in a", "jK0_uJW88go-00219-00048728-00048862": "proper order", "jK0_uJW88go-00220-00048863-00049174": "because in order to build a you need", "jK0_uJW88go-00221-00049175-00049430": "b and in order to build b you need c and", "jK0_uJW88go-00222-00049431-00049558": "c and d you know that", "jK0_uJW88go-00223-00049559-00049830": "dependency hell and so when we built", "jK0_uJW88go-00224-00049831-00050039": "this we need to maintain some", "jK0_uJW88go-00225-00050040-00050383": "clever ordering and obviously packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00226-00050384-00050535": "don't always build", "jK0_uJW88go-00227-00050536-00050799": "so sometimes you try to build something", "jK0_uJW88go-00228-00050800-00050886": "in order to", "jK0_uJW88go-00229-00050887-00051071": "build the next package but you need to", "jK0_uJW88go-00230-00051072-00051358": "stop and go fix something", "jK0_uJW88go-00231-00051359-00051558": "what's important is that python is not", "jK0_uJW88go-00232-00051559-00051799": "backwards compatible", "jK0_uJW88go-00233-00051800-00052102": "it's mostly is but not completely", "jK0_uJW88go-00234-00052103-00052302": "and when we upgrade from three eight to", "jK0_uJW88go-00235-00052303-00052542": "three nine uh it should be considered a", "jK0_uJW88go-00236-00052544-00052654": "major upgrade", "jK0_uJW88go-00237-00052655-00052838": "uh there were other maintainers in", "jK0_uJW88go-00238-00052839-00052982": "fedora who would ask", "jK0_uJW88go-00239-00052983-00053287": "why is this so broken on a minor upgrade", "jK0_uJW88go-00240-00053288-00053487": "uh it's important to know that python", "jK0_uJW88go-00241-00053488-00053719": "versioning does not follow semantic", "jK0_uJW88go-00242-00053720-00053782": "versioning", "jK0_uJW88go-00243-00053783-00054087": "because it predates it so this upgrade", "jK0_uJW88go-00244-00054088-00054423": "is pretty major", "jK0_uJW88go-00245-00054424-00054750": "so what do we do in our team which is", "jK0_uJW88go-00246-00054751-00054942": "either the python special interest", "jK0_uJW88go-00247-00054944-00055111": "interest group in fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00248-00055112-00055279": "or the python maintenance team at red", "jK0_uJW88go-00249-00055279-00055415": "hat mostly", "jK0_uJW88go-00250-00055416-00055687": "it has been me who worked on on python39", "jK0_uJW88go-00251-00055688-00055863": "but there were other people as well and", "jK0_uJW88go-00252-00055864-00055919": "i will", "jK0_uJW88go-00253-00055920-00056238": "thank them specifically later but uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00254-00056239-00056423": "what happened in november and this was", "jK0_uJW88go-00255-00056424-00056735": "november 2019 which is a year ago", "jK0_uJW88go-00256-00056736-00056911": "that there was the first alpha release", "jK0_uJW88go-00257-00056912-00057063": "of python", "jK0_uJW88go-00258-00057064-00057350": "and what that means for fedora is that", "jK0_uJW88go-00259-00057351-00057399": "we", "jK0_uJW88go-00260-00057400-00057799": "packaged the new package called python39", "jK0_uJW88go-00261-00057800-00058015": "for testing purposes so people could", "jK0_uJW88go-00262-00058016-00058215": "install it like you can now install", "jK0_uJW88go-00263-00058216-00058550": "python 310 and uh developers could run", "jK0_uJW88go-00264-00058551-00058759": "their software with the very first alpha", "jK0_uJW88go-00265-00058760-00059015": "there was a article on fedora magazine", "jK0_uJW88go-00266-00059016-00059111": "to promote this", "jK0_uJW88go-00267-00059112-00059335": "if i believe if i remember correctly", "jK0_uJW88go-00268-00059336-00059575": "maybe later", "jK0_uJW88go-00269-00059576-00059711": "what happens is that we take the", "jK0_uJW88go-00270-00059712-00060015": "python38 package we fork it", "jK0_uJW88go-00271-00060016-00060271": "and we adapt some macros like variables", "jK0_uJW88go-00272-00060272-00060471": "in in the definition of the package", "jK0_uJW88go-00273-00060472-00060615": "for example there is like what's the", "jK0_uJW88go-00274-00060616-00060830": "base version it's free eight so we edit", "jK0_uJW88go-00275-00060832-00060999": "it and say three nine", "jK0_uJW88go-00276-00061000-00061215": "and we rebase our fedora specific", "jK0_uJW88go-00277-00061216-00061350": "patches on top we use", "jK0_uJW88go-00278-00061351-00061663": "git uh to create our patches so it's", "jK0_uJW88go-00279-00061664-00061815": "fairly easy", "jK0_uJW88go-00280-00061816-00062038": "and we remove some some old craft that's", "jK0_uJW88go-00281-00062039-00062142": "no longer", "jK0_uJW88go-00282-00062144-00062423": "uh relevant to a new python version uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00283-00062424-00062463": "what", "jK0_uJW88go-00284-00062464-00062638": "happens often is that there are some", "jK0_uJW88go-00285-00062639-00062854": "patches of features that were developed", "jK0_uJW88go-00286-00062855-00062975": "in fedora first", "jK0_uJW88go-00287-00062976-00063215": "in coordination with python upstream and", "jK0_uJW88go-00288-00063216-00063415": "we can ditch them out because they", "jK0_uJW88go-00289-00063416-00063694": "have been incorporated into the new", "jK0_uJW88go-00290-00063695-00063919": "python version", "jK0_uJW88go-00291-00063920-00064087": "what's interesting is that this new", "jK0_uJW88go-00292-00064088-00064366": "python package for python39", "jK0_uJW88go-00293-00064367-00064591": "can be built in two ways either you", "jK0_uJW88go-00294-00064591-00064782": "build it as an alternative version or", "jK0_uJW88go-00295-00064783-00064919": "you build it as a main", "jK0_uJW88go-00296-00064920-00065175": "python version it has a vcon for those", "jK0_uJW88go-00297-00065176-00065359": "of you who know packaging", "jK0_uJW88go-00298-00065360-00065735": "so the same spec file can be built", "jK0_uJW88go-00299-00065736-00065967": "twice in different environments and we", "jK0_uJW88go-00300-00065968-00066047": "don't need to", "jK0_uJW88go-00301-00066048-00066287": "uh care what python version is domain", "jK0_uJW88go-00302-00066288-00066535": "when we when we create this", "jK0_uJW88go-00303-00066536-00066863": "since fedora 33 uh thank you new", "jK0_uJW88go-00304-00066864-00067094": "there is some explanation in the chat", "jK0_uJW88go-00305-00067095-00067350": "honestly i can't read all the chat it", "jK0_uJW88go-00306-00067351-00067535": "looks like a lot of hellos and stuff so", "jK0_uJW88go-00307-00067536-00067703": "if you have questions don't be afraid to", "jK0_uJW88go-00308-00067704-00067975": "just speak up or something", "jK0_uJW88go-00309-00067976-00068238": "uh since fedora 33 there is no more", "jK0_uJW88go-00310-00068239-00068375": "python free", "jK0_uJW88go-00311-00068376-00068591": "source package or component that used to", "jK0_uJW88go-00312-00068592-00068767": "be there before or we only have", "jK0_uJW88go-00313-00068768-00069087": "python 3 8 3 9 3 10 components and one", "jK0_uJW88go-00314-00069088-00069223": "of them builds the main", "jK0_uJW88go-00315-00069224-00069663": "python 3 package from that", "jK0_uJW88go-00316-00069664-00069982": "what we do next is that we create a", "jK0_uJW88go-00317-00069983-00070199": "copper repository", "jK0_uJW88go-00318-00070200-00070471": "copra is a place where anybody from the", "jK0_uJW88go-00319-00070472-00070679": "community can build their own packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00320-00070680-00070975": "and users can then possibly use the", "jK0_uJW88go-00321-00070976-00071143": "repositories to install additional", "jK0_uJW88go-00322-00071144-00071382": "software to their fedora machines", "jK0_uJW88go-00323-00071383-00071662": "or fedora packages can use it as a", "jK0_uJW88go-00324-00071663-00071823": "playground", "jK0_uJW88go-00325-00071824-00072031": "when they can test new stuff new", "jK0_uJW88go-00326-00072032-00072167": "features and", "jK0_uJW88go-00327-00072168-00072350": "makes make sure everything is well", "jK0_uJW88go-00328-00072351-00072638": "integrated together", "jK0_uJW88go-00329-00072639-00072926": "we use this copper repository to do", "jK0_uJW88go-00330-00072927-00073071": "several things", "jK0_uJW88go-00331-00073072-00073279": "uh i will talk about them a little bit", "jK0_uJW88go-00332-00073280-00073399": "more detailed", "jK0_uJW88go-00333-00073400-00073719": "uh one is that we bootstrap the initial", "jK0_uJW88go-00334-00073720-00073799": "package set", "jK0_uJW88go-00335-00073800-00074094": "uh this means that we build the packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00336-00074095-00074287": "in proper order which sometimes means we", "jK0_uJW88go-00337-00074288-00074438": "need to build something without", "jK0_uJW88go-00338-00074439-00074694": "tests and with our documentation first", "jK0_uJW88go-00339-00074695-00074887": "in order to use that software later to", "jK0_uJW88go-00340-00074888-00075047": "build something else which is used to", "jK0_uJW88go-00341-00075048-00075182": "test the software there", "jK0_uJW88go-00342-00075183-00075406": "so you need to like bootstrap it that's", "jK0_uJW88go-00343-00075407-00075543": "the term", "jK0_uJW88go-00344-00075544-00075759": "what's uh interesting to mention is that", "jK0_uJW88go-00345-00075760-00075943": "we only use one architecture in copper", "jK0_uJW88go-00346-00075944-00076079": "to make it faster", "jK0_uJW88go-00347-00076080-00076399": "which will obviously kick us back later", "jK0_uJW88go-00348-00076400-00076735": "but at this point in november a year ago", "jK0_uJW88go-00349-00076736-00076911": "we only built on x 86", "jK0_uJW88go-00350-00076912-00077247": "64. once we bootstrap the initial set of", "jK0_uJW88go-00351-00077248-00077311": "packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00352-00077312-00077638": "we try rebuilding everything else uh we", "jK0_uJW88go-00353-00077639-00077759": "just shuffle it in", "jK0_uJW88go-00354-00077760-00077935": "and then shake it and try it again and", "jK0_uJW88go-00355-00077936-00078126": "again until it builds", "jK0_uJW88go-00356-00078127-00078359": "uh and obviously there are build", "jK0_uJW88go-00357-00078360-00078550": "failures and build failures", "jK0_uJW88go-00358-00078551-00078806": "could be critical either the package has", "jK0_uJW88go-00359-00078807-00078950": "missing dependency so", "jK0_uJW88go-00360-00078951-00079143": "you need something else built first", "jK0_uJW88go-00361-00079144-00079303": "which is usually solved by more", "jK0_uJW88go-00362-00079304-00079382": "bootstrapping", "jK0_uJW88go-00363-00079383-00079799": "or by shaking it harder and trying more", "jK0_uJW88go-00364-00079800-00079955": "but obviously there are also", "jK0_uJW88go-00365-00079956-00080191": "incompatibilities because as i've told", "jK0_uJW88go-00366-00080192-00080462": "python39 is not backwards compatible", "jK0_uJW88go-00367-00080463-00080591": "with 38", "jK0_uJW88go-00368-00080592-00080782": "and we need to report them in baczilla", "jK0_uJW88go-00369-00080783-00080975": "for the maintainers", "jK0_uJW88go-00370-00080976-00081319": "and figure out what to do about them", "jK0_uJW88go-00371-00081320-00081487": "there are also build failures for", "jK0_uJW88go-00372-00081488-00081623": "unrelated reasons", "jK0_uJW88go-00373-00081624-00081855": "unfortunately that still happens a lot", "jK0_uJW88go-00374-00081856-00082031": "you can't build a package because it", "jK0_uJW88go-00375-00082032-00082247": "doesn't work with new glibc or whatever", "jK0_uJW88go-00376-00082248-00082294": "but", "jK0_uJW88go-00377-00082295-00082431": "it doesn't have to do anything with", "jK0_uJW88go-00378-00082432-00082671": "python but you still need to rebuild it", "jK0_uJW88go-00379-00082672-00082887": "in order to test it with python", "jK0_uJW88go-00380-00082888-00083126": "and what's worse sometimes you even have", "jK0_uJW88go-00381-00083127-00083287": "build failures that only happen", "jK0_uJW88go-00382-00083288-00083494": "in copper and not somewhere else so you", "jK0_uJW88go-00383-00083495-00083759": "need to work around them", "jK0_uJW88go-00384-00083760-00083991": "what happens in this copper repo later", "jK0_uJW88go-00385-00083992-00084262": "in the process is that we must rebuild", "jK0_uJW88go-00386-00084263-00084479": "three and a half thousand packages uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00387-00084480-00084735": "which are all the packages that uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00388-00084736-00084950": "require the specific version of python", "jK0_uJW88go-00389-00084951-00085094": "so you can see here there are", "jK0_uJW88go-00390-00085095-00085311": "four thousand and something total but", "jK0_uJW88go-00391-00085312-00085655": "only three and a half", "jK0_uJW88go-00392-00085656-00085911": "actually need to be rebuilt and we need", "jK0_uJW88go-00393-00085912-00086055": "to keep up with raw height", "jK0_uJW88go-00394-00086056-00086279": "fedora row height is the next uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00395-00086280-00086447": "development version of fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00396-00086448-00086694": "at this point this has not been 33 yet", "jK0_uJW88go-00397-00086695-00086967": "it was 32 still", "jK0_uJW88go-00398-00086968-00087287": "height is very very moving target", "jK0_uJW88go-00399-00087288-00087479": "so you need to have some automation in", "jK0_uJW88go-00400-00087480-00087687": "place otherwise you would never keep up", "jK0_uJW88go-00401-00087688-00088015": "with what changes in rawhide", "jK0_uJW88go-00402-00088016-00088282": "we'll show later a little bit more about", "jK0_uJW88go-00403-00088283-00088487": "that", "jK0_uJW88go-00404-00088488-00088647": "first we start with bootstrapping the", "jK0_uJW88go-00405-00088648-00088799": "initial package set we", "jK0_uJW88go-00406-00088800-00089103": "we are using a rpm list builder which is", "jK0_uJW88go-00407-00089104-00089199": "a cool", "jK0_uJW88go-00408-00089200-00089494": "uh open source tooling written by uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00409-00089495-00089682": "software collections team", "jK0_uJW88go-00410-00089683-00090031": "um basically you have a yaml recipe with", "jK0_uJW88go-00411-00090032-00090215": "all the packages you want to build", "jK0_uJW88go-00412-00090216-00090494": "uh it reminds the module file uh a", "jK0_uJW88go-00413-00090495-00090591": "little bit", "jK0_uJW88go-00414-00090592-00090831": "and uh then you can have the beacon", "jK0_uJW88go-00415-00090832-00090967": "snail explained uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00416-00090968-00091255": "before for like disabled tests first and", "jK0_uJW88go-00417-00091256-00091415": "stuff like that", "jK0_uJW88go-00418-00091416-00091694": "what what happens in in with python39 is", "jK0_uJW88go-00419-00091695-00091782": "that we took the", "jK0_uJW88go-00420-00091783-00092135": "the gamma from the 38 bootstrapping", "jK0_uJW88go-00421-00092136-00092471": "and we adapted unfortunately", "jK0_uJW88go-00422-00092472-00092775": "uh and interestingly raw height is so", "jK0_uJW88go-00423-00092776-00093087": "moving target that", "jK0_uJW88go-00424-00093088-00093406": "the data from 38 is is", "jK0_uJW88go-00425-00093407-00093679": "garbage you need to really rewrite it", "jK0_uJW88go-00426-00093680-00093823": "there are new dependencies new", "jK0_uJW88go-00427-00093824-00094006": "dependency loops new bootstrapping", "jK0_uJW88go-00428-00094007-00094159": "conditionals", "jK0_uJW88go-00429-00094160-00094415": "and you might as well start from scratch", "jK0_uJW88go-00430-00094416-00094535": "i would say", "jK0_uJW88go-00431-00094536-00094887": "so this is mostly automated but it needs", "jK0_uJW88go-00432-00094888-00095006": "a human operator", "jK0_uJW88go-00433-00095007-00095206": "who would jump in and change the data a", "jK0_uJW88go-00434-00095207-00095374": "little bit when it doesn't work", "jK0_uJW88go-00435-00095375-00095679": "and then uh continue from there", "jK0_uJW88go-00436-00095680-00095926": "we initially bootstrap about 500", "jK0_uJW88go-00437-00095927-00096094": "critical packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00438-00096095-00096262": "critical packages could either be", "jK0_uJW88go-00439-00096263-00096479": "critical for python itself so", "jK0_uJW88go-00440-00096480-00096638": "for those of you who are familiar with", "jK0_uJW88go-00441-00096639-00096815": "python setup tools", "jK0_uJW88go-00442-00096816-00097126": "by test sphinx site and those are the", "jK0_uJW88go-00443-00097127-00097311": "packages that many of the other packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00444-00097312-00097374": "will need", "jK0_uJW88go-00445-00097375-00097599": "in order to build there are also", "jK0_uJW88go-00446-00097600-00097759": "packages that are important", "jK0_uJW88go-00447-00097760-00098038": "for fedora and without them fedora would", "jK0_uJW88go-00448-00098039-00098215": "not work which is rpm", "jK0_uJW88go-00449-00098216-00098567": "dnf anaconda and stuff also we try to", "jK0_uJW88go-00450-00098568-00098774": "rebuild packages that are used to build", "jK0_uJW88go-00451-00098775-00098894": "packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00452-00098895-00099199": "like meta packages so koji bought he", "jK0_uJW88go-00453-00099200-00099438": "a fat package and stuff like that and", "jK0_uJW88go-00454-00099439-00099623": "also packages that are important for the", "jK0_uJW88go-00455-00099624-00099759": "python ecosystem", "jK0_uJW88go-00456-00099760-00099967": "and have complicated bootstrapping which", "jK0_uJW88go-00457-00099968-00100118": "includes stuff like", "jK0_uJW88go-00458-00100119-00100471": "scipy or jupyter notebook", "jK0_uJW88go-00459-00100472-00100599": "there are other packages that we", "jK0_uJW88go-00460-00100600-00100815": "consider important that are in the set", "jK0_uJW88go-00461-00100816-00101143": "like c link or gdb anaconda is written", "jK0_uJW88go-00462-00101144-00101374": "in python yes", "jK0_uJW88go-00463-00101375-00101638": "this is not 500 critical packages that", "jK0_uJW88go-00464-00101639-00101774": "we would know", "jK0_uJW88go-00465-00101775-00102087": "it's like 20 30 critical packages plus", "jK0_uJW88go-00466-00102088-00102135": "their", "jK0_uJW88go-00467-00102136-00102303": "bill dependencies and together this", "jK0_uJW88go-00468-00102304-00102439": "forms a cluster", "jK0_uJW88go-00469-00102440-00102727": "of approximately 500 packages which is", "jK0_uJW88go-00470-00102728-00102871": "quite a lot but it's still", "jK0_uJW88go-00471-00102872-00103039": "if you compare it with the rest of the", "jK0_uJW88go-00472-00103040-00103294": "packages you still have 3 000 packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00473-00103295-00103358": "more", "jK0_uJW88go-00474-00103359-00103686": "that we don't deal with one by one", "jK0_uJW88go-00475-00103688-00104078": "but like we built them all together", "jK0_uJW88go-00476-00104079-00104406": "when this is done this is how the yama", "jK0_uJW88go-00477-00104407-00104766": "looks like by the way so on the", "jK0_uJW88go-00478-00104767-00105063": "uh you have packages first you need to", "jK0_uJW88go-00479-00105064-00105334": "build python you disable some stuff", "jK0_uJW88go-00480-00105335-00105558": "to make it faster or to make it work", "jK0_uJW88go-00481-00105559-00105654": "then you need to build", "jK0_uJW88go-00482-00105655-00105847": "gdb and stuff like that and then you", "jK0_uJW88go-00483-00105848-00105999": "build python again", "jK0_uJW88go-00484-00106000-00106310": "uh it has a lot of comments for the", "jK0_uJW88go-00485-00106311-00106390": "operator", "jK0_uJW88go-00486-00106391-00106647": "it would be me like you need to skip a", "jK0_uJW88go-00487-00106648-00106871": "certain test when it happens in copper", "jK0_uJW88go-00488-00106872-00107054": "because so cooper has some different", "jK0_uJW88go-00489-00107055-00107190": "file system or whatever i don't know", "jK0_uJW88go-00490-00107191-00107439": "what the difference really is", "jK0_uJW88go-00491-00107440-00107695": "it takes a couple of weeks to make this", "jK0_uJW88go-00492-00107696-00107943": "happen", "jK0_uJW88go-00493-00107944-00108302": "and then when you when you are done uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00494-00108303-00108558": "you build everything else uh at this", "jK0_uJW88go-00495-00108559-00108734": "point you need to first figure out what", "jK0_uJW88go-00496-00108735-00108990": "is the full package list we use dnf repo", "jK0_uJW88go-00497-00108991-00109047": "query", "jK0_uJW88go-00498-00109048-00109343": "uh to like check what packages depend on", "jK0_uJW88go-00499-00109344-00109407": "the specific", "jK0_uJW88go-00500-00109408-00109639": "python version in fedora we get their", "jK0_uJW88go-00501-00109640-00109734": "names", "jK0_uJW88go-00502-00109735-00110047": "and then we put them in the copper we", "jK0_uJW88go-00503-00110048-00110254": "disable rpm list builder at this point", "jK0_uJW88go-00504-00110255-00110543": "and use integrated copper automation", "jK0_uJW88go-00505-00110544-00110807": "you can define packages in copper make", "jK0_uJW88go-00506-00110808-00111078": "them use the fedora sources", "jK0_uJW88go-00507-00111079-00111327": "this is very cool because it supports", "jK0_uJW88go-00508-00111328-00111390": "hooks", "jK0_uJW88go-00509-00111391-00111631": "and it works out of the box so we set", "jK0_uJW88go-00510-00111632-00111807": "all the packages to use", "jK0_uJW88go-00511-00111808-00112086": "the sources from fedora and every time", "jK0_uJW88go-00512-00112088-00112215": "any packager", "jK0_uJW88go-00513-00112216-00112431": "updates a package in fedora pushes", "jK0_uJW88go-00514-00112432-00112590": "something into the source kit the", "jK0_uJW88go-00515-00112591-00112790": "repository does get", "jK0_uJW88go-00516-00112791-00113086": "copper triggers a rebuild so you don't", "jK0_uJW88go-00517-00113088-00113254": "have to care", "jK0_uJW88go-00518-00113255-00113431": "rawhide getting too far away because", "jK0_uJW88go-00519-00113432-00113590": "everything something happens in rawhide", "jK0_uJW88go-00520-00113591-00113686": "it also happens", "jK0_uJW88go-00521-00113688-00113910": "in the copper and it's all automated", "jK0_uJW88go-00522-00113911-00114127": "sometimes it's a little bit broken", "jK0_uJW88go-00523-00114128-00114454": "uh so it's not 100 reliable but", "jK0_uJW88go-00524-00114455-00114758": "it's a huge help what's also a", "jK0_uJW88go-00525-00114759-00115031": "cool feature is that if a packages use", "jK0_uJW88go-00526-00115032-00115175": "pull requests", "jK0_uJW88go-00527-00115176-00115375": "uh every pull request triggers a build", "jK0_uJW88go-00528-00115376-00115551": "as well", "jK0_uJW88go-00529-00115552-00115815": "it's in an isolated repository so it", "jK0_uJW88go-00530-00115816-00115999": "doesn't break all the other packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00531-00116000-00116183": "but you can check immediately in our", "jK0_uJW88go-00532-00116183-00116399": "cooper whether your new version", "jK0_uJW88go-00533-00116400-00116678": "fixes the problem with python39 for", "jK0_uJW88go-00534-00116679-00116790": "example", "jK0_uJW88go-00535-00116791-00116990": "obviously we can also rebuild packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00536-00116991-00117134": "manually which we", "jK0_uJW88go-00537-00117135-00117423": "do we do it a lot of times because when", "jK0_uJW88go-00538-00117424-00117654": "it doesn't build you just try it again", "jK0_uJW88go-00539-00117655-00117807": "it's sometimes it's easier to build", "jK0_uJW88go-00540-00117808-00117983": "something five times before you even", "jK0_uJW88go-00541-00117983-00118151": "look at the build lock and see the", "jK0_uJW88go-00542-00118152-00118310": "actual failure", "jK0_uJW88go-00543-00118311-00118751": "uh it's in the cloud", "jK0_uJW88go-00544-00118752-00118975": "we build packages in waves so basically", "jK0_uJW88go-00545-00118976-00119158": "you just put the three thousand packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00546-00119159-00119239": "in", "jK0_uJW88go-00547-00119240-00119447": "do go something different and then you", "jK0_uJW88go-00548-00119448-00119678": "see oh 100 1 000 packages built", "jK0_uJW88go-00549-00119679-00119807": "successfully", "jK0_uJW88go-00550-00119808-00120071": "so let's put the remaining 2000 in and", "jK0_uJW88go-00551-00120072-00120223": "see what builds because every time you", "jK0_uJW88go-00552-00120224-00120407": "build something it may be a missing", "jK0_uJW88go-00553-00120408-00120607": "piece to build something else", "jK0_uJW88go-00554-00120608-00120958": "you basically push these waves until it", "jK0_uJW88go-00555-00120959-00121231": "helps when it stops being helpful you", "jK0_uJW88go-00556-00121232-00121399": "need to go and figure out whether there", "jK0_uJW88go-00557-00121400-00121623": "are no more dependency loops", "jK0_uJW88go-00558-00121624-00121902": "to be bootstrapped or stuff like that", "jK0_uJW88go-00559-00121903-00122039": "what's important", "jK0_uJW88go-00560-00122040-00122454": "is that we try ash and report failures", "jK0_uJW88go-00561-00122455-00122814": "we use bugzilla for this and", "jK0_uJW88go-00562-00122815-00123014": "i'll talk about it a little bit in", "jK0_uJW88go-00563-00123015-00123199": "detail", "jK0_uJW88go-00564-00123200-00123414": "also we need to keep the package list up", "jK0_uJW88go-00565-00123415-00123502": "to date", "jK0_uJW88go-00566-00123503-00123847": "as you seen before about 10 of packages", "jK0_uJW88go-00567-00123848-00123934": "are added", "jK0_uJW88go-00568-00123935-00124190": "every fedora release so we need to", "jK0_uJW88go-00569-00124191-00124423": "monitor this and add new packages to the", "jK0_uJW88go-00570-00124424-00124543": "copa repo", "jK0_uJW88go-00571-00124544-00124743": "every time something is packaged which", "jK0_uJW88go-00572-00124744-00125007": "happens every week", "jK0_uJW88go-00573-00125008-00125278": "fedora packages package python they are", "jK0_uJW88go-00574-00125279-00125358": "crazy about it", "jK0_uJW88go-00575-00125359-00125807": "they keep adding stuff which is great", "jK0_uJW88go-00576-00125808-00126119": "when we trash the failures we have some", "jK0_uJW88go-00577-00126120-00126375": "some computer help for this so first of", "jK0_uJW88go-00578-00126376-00126486": "all there was a problem", "jK0_uJW88go-00579-00126488-00126719": "with copper api which should be fixed", "jK0_uJW88go-00580-00126720-00126799": "now", "jK0_uJW88go-00581-00126800-00127063": "uh so we couldn't use that uh so we", "jK0_uJW88go-00582-00127064-00127278": "wrote a little script that looks at this", "jK0_uJW88go-00583-00127279-00127631": "this page and uh downloads the html", "jK0_uJW88go-00584-00127632-00127734": "source of it", "jK0_uJW88go-00585-00127735-00128014": "and with regular expressions it passes", "jK0_uJW88go-00586-00128015-00128199": "out whether it succeeded or whether it", "jK0_uJW88go-00587-00128200-00128247": "failed", "jK0_uJW88go-00588-00128248-00128431": "which is obviously wrong and it cannot", "jK0_uJW88go-00589-00128432-00128783": "work but it does", "jK0_uJW88go-00590-00128783-00129110": "when we when we find a failure we check", "jK0_uJW88go-00591-00129111-00129286": "the length of the build lock", "jK0_uJW88go-00592-00129288-00129454": "which is like all the stuff that the", "jK0_uJW88go-00593-00129455-00129695": "package outputs when it's being built", "jK0_uJW88go-00594-00129696-00129943": "and if the build lock is short we assume", "jK0_uJW88go-00595-00129944-00130134": "that's a dependency issue and we just", "jK0_uJW88go-00596-00130135-00130239": "try later", "jK0_uJW88go-00597-00130240-00130486": "and when the build buildblock is long", "jK0_uJW88go-00598-00130488-00130678": "it's usually an actual build failure and", "jK0_uJW88go-00599-00130679-00130943": "we need to investigate the reason", "jK0_uJW88go-00600-00130944-00131143": "when there is some reason we need to", "jK0_uJW88go-00601-00131144-00131359": "report it to the package maintainer", "jK0_uJW88go-00602-00131360-00131678": "you know it's not unrelated", "jK0_uJW88go-00603-00131679-00131878": "and unfortunately now we have policies", "jK0_uJW88go-00604-00131879-00132063": "in fedora that helps us escalate those", "jK0_uJW88go-00605-00132064-00132159": "issues", "jK0_uJW88go-00606-00132160-00132495": "uh and we block the appropriate bugzilla", "jK0_uJW88go-00607-00132496-00132614": "trackers", "jK0_uJW88go-00608-00132615-00132959": "uh or it's just python39 incompatibility", "jK0_uJW88go-00609-00132960-00133063": "and we need or", "jK0_uJW88go-00610-00133064-00133343": "a buck we are at alpha stage so it might", "jK0_uJW88go-00611-00133344-00133471": "be a python bug and", "jK0_uJW88go-00612-00133472-00133823": "we do this to discover bugs and software", "jK0_uJW88go-00613-00133824-00134166": "before it actually impacts anybody", "jK0_uJW88go-00614-00134167-00134375": "we figure out what's going on why there", "jK0_uJW88go-00615-00134376-00134583": "is the incompatibility and we offer help", "jK0_uJW88go-00616-00134584-00134783": "to the maintainers but we ask them to go", "jK0_uJW88go-00617-00134784-00134927": "to their upstreams", "jK0_uJW88go-00618-00134928-00135151": "and fix their packages themselves", "jK0_uJW88go-00619-00135152-00135319": "because it's hundreds and hundreds of", "jK0_uJW88go-00620-00135320-00135423": "failures and it", "jK0_uJW88go-00621-00135424-00135590": "possibly can't be done just by the", "jK0_uJW88go-00622-00135591-00135847": "python people", "jK0_uJW88go-00623-00135848-00136014": "so i would like to thanks all the", "jK0_uJW88go-00624-00136015-00136271": "package mentioners who actually", "jK0_uJW88go-00625-00136272-00136566": "are responsive and go and try to fix the", "jK0_uJW88go-00626-00136567-00136614": "issue", "jK0_uJW88go-00627-00136615-00136799": "and ask questions and we help them", "jK0_uJW88go-00628-00136800-00136927": "figure out what's going on", "jK0_uJW88go-00629-00136928-00137175": "but they do the heavy lifting they go to", "jK0_uJW88go-00630-00137176-00137599": "their upstreams and they fix it there", "jK0_uJW88go-00631-00137600-00137790": "what's what's interesting is that often", "jK0_uJW88go-00632-00137791-00137943": "packages don't build", "jK0_uJW88go-00633-00137944-00138135": "but they are not broken but their", "jK0_uJW88go-00634-00138136-00138311": "dependencies are broken", "jK0_uJW88go-00635-00138312-00138559": "but the dependencies have no tests so", "jK0_uJW88go-00636-00138560-00138727": "they just built and ship", "jK0_uJW88go-00637-00138728-00138935": "even when they are broken unfortunately", "jK0_uJW88go-00638-00138936-00139111": "a lot of packages in fedora still don't", "jK0_uJW88go-00639-00139112-00139463": "have any tests in them", "jK0_uJW88go-00640-00139464-00139743": "but it makes the build faster so it also", "jK0_uJW88go-00641-00139744-00139847": "helps a little bit but", "jK0_uJW88go-00642-00139848-00140254": "it's dangerous this is a screenshot from", "jK0_uJW88go-00643-00140255-00140431": "paxilla", "jK0_uJW88go-00644-00140432-00140743": "uh it's like 800", "jK0_uJW88go-00645-00140744-00140959": "something some of them are duplicates", "jK0_uJW88go-00646-00140960-00141135": "some of them are not a bug", "jK0_uJW88go-00647-00141136-00141343": "but most of them are actually fixed", "jK0_uJW88go-00648-00141344-00141623": "backs of some failures uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00649-00141624-00141863": "it's really tedious and all of this has", "jK0_uJW88go-00650-00141864-00142095": "been trashed mostly by me", "jK0_uJW88go-00651-00142096-00142335": "uh and you just figure out what's going", "jK0_uJW88go-00652-00142336-00142502": "on why it doesn't build you try to", "jK0_uJW88go-00653-00142503-00142599": "explain it", "jK0_uJW88go-00654-00142600-00142743": "and then you offer help to the", "jK0_uJW88go-00655-00142744-00142959": "maintainer uh if they need it", "jK0_uJW88go-00656-00142960-00143166": "and sometimes you actually end up fixing", "jK0_uJW88go-00657-00143167-00143302": "it", "jK0_uJW88go-00658-00143303-00143623": "if it blocks you", "jK0_uJW88go-00659-00143624-00143863": "in december we are still at the", "jK0_uJW88go-00660-00143864-00143935": "beginning", "jK0_uJW88go-00661-00143936-00144287": "a second alpha is released so we update", "jK0_uJW88go-00662-00144288-00144399": "the fedora package", "jK0_uJW88go-00663-00144400-00144599": "which is only used for testing purposes", "jK0_uJW88go-00664-00144600-00144766": "for developers", "jK0_uJW88go-00665-00144767-00144966": "what's nice is that when we update the", "jK0_uJW88go-00666-00144967-00145143": "fedora package it immediately got", "jK0_uJW88go-00667-00145144-00145319": "rebuilt in the copper", "jK0_uJW88go-00668-00145320-00145607": "as the main patent python package and", "jK0_uJW88go-00669-00145608-00145711": "then we", "jK0_uJW88go-00670-00145712-00145966": "need to do some basic checks because at", "jK0_uJW88go-00671-00145967-00146151": "alpha level", "jK0_uJW88go-00672-00146152-00146326": "there is no guaranteed binary", "jK0_uJW88go-00673-00146327-00146463": "compatibility", "jK0_uJW88go-00674-00146464-00146807": "and sometimes uh packages that use c", "jK0_uJW88go-00675-00146808-00147095": "code to have python extension modules", "jK0_uJW88go-00676-00147096-00147311": "they start to segfault with a new python", "jK0_uJW88go-00677-00147312-00147439": "version at this point", "jK0_uJW88go-00678-00147440-00147695": "so you need to do a partial reboot strap", "jK0_uJW88go-00679-00147696-00147911": "on the packages that are not no arc", "jK0_uJW88go-00680-00147912-00148135": "that are actually shipping some compiled", "jK0_uJW88go-00681-00148136-00148239": "code", "jK0_uJW88go-00682-00148240-00148526": "there were also some problems in copper", "jK0_uJW88go-00683-00148527-00148719": "so when you build one package again", "jK0_uJW88go-00684-00148720-00148966": "from the sense same source it has the", "jK0_uJW88go-00685-00148967-00149199": "same version and same release", "jK0_uJW88go-00686-00149200-00149535": "and copper ends up installing", "jK0_uJW88go-00687-00149536-00149751": "pretty much a random build when it needs", "jK0_uJW88go-00688-00149752-00149847": "it uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00689-00149848-00150078": "usually it's the older build uh so it", "jK0_uJW88go-00690-00150079-00150190": "doesn't work", "jK0_uJW88go-00691-00150191-00150447": "so we actually needed to write a script", "jK0_uJW88go-00692-00150448-00150559": "to go and prune", "jK0_uJW88go-00693-00150560-00150847": "the old uh bills from copper which", "jK0_uJW88go-00694-00150848-00151014": "turned out to be problematic because", "jK0_uJW88go-00695-00151015-00151095": "every time we", "jK0_uJW88go-00696-00151096-00151263": "deleted all the builds like three", "jK0_uJW88go-00697-00151264-00151447": "thousand bills at once", "jK0_uJW88go-00698-00151448-00151807": "uh it triggered three thousand uh jobs", "jK0_uJW88go-00699-00151808-00152047": "on the copper back end to regenerate the", "jK0_uJW88go-00700-00152048-00152183": "repositories", "jK0_uJW88go-00701-00152184-00152351": "and i was contacted by copper", "jK0_uJW88go-00702-00152352-00152526": "maintainers and they said no don't do", "jK0_uJW88go-00703-00152527-00152687": "this don't do this we need to figure out", "jK0_uJW88go-00704-00152688-00152919": "what to do and at the end i was deleting", "jK0_uJW88go-00705-00152920-00153175": "builds by emailing people to do that", "jK0_uJW88go-00706-00153176-00153359": "now it has been fixed and there is an", "jK0_uJW88go-00707-00153360-00153551": "ipi to delete builds in", "jK0_uJW88go-00708-00153552-00153871": "bulks without this problem what happens", "jK0_uJW88go-00709-00153872-00154071": "with the new version is that we just", "jK0_uJW88go-00710-00154072-00154326": "must rebuild everything again to see if", "jK0_uJW88go-00711-00154327-00154478": "there are any new failures", "jK0_uJW88go-00712-00154479-00154799": "or possibly fixes it took about three", "jK0_uJW88go-00713-00154800-00154854": "days", "jK0_uJW88go-00714-00154855-00155102": "to rebuild everything we run background", "jK0_uJW88go-00715-00155103-00155247": "jobs not to steal", "jK0_uJW88go-00716-00155248-00155431": "copper from all the other community", "jK0_uJW88go-00717-00155432-00155654": "members and there have been some", "jK0_uJW88go-00718-00155655-00155983": "performance issues uh if the package is", "jK0_uJW88go-00719-00155984-00156175": "really simple doesn't take long to build", "jK0_uJW88go-00720-00156176-00156407": "it it usually takes one to two minutes", "jK0_uJW88go-00721-00156408-00156535": "to start the", "jK0_uJW88go-00722-00156536-00156790": "build route and log and whatever is", "jK0_uJW88go-00723-00156791-00156902": "happening in there", "jK0_uJW88go-00724-00156903-00157063": "and then the repository needs to be", "jK0_uJW88go-00725-00157064-00157335": "recreated which took eight minutes", "jK0_uJW88go-00726-00157336-00157639": "and couldn't be run in parallel so there", "jK0_uJW88go-00727-00157640-00157759": "was a huge backlog", "jK0_uJW88go-00728-00157760-00157935": "of of bills that needed to create the", "jK0_uJW88go-00729-00157936-00158087": "repository", "jK0_uJW88go-00730-00158088-00158263": "and it didn't scale well this has been", "jK0_uJW88go-00731-00158264-00158478": "changed in copper since as well", "jK0_uJW88go-00732-00158479-00158687": "so now uh if there is a new creator", "jK0_uJW88go-00733-00158688-00159190": "input job the old ones are cancelled", "jK0_uJW88go-00734-00159191-00159414": "in january there was a new alpha and", "jK0_uJW88go-00735-00159415-00159583": "everything happens again there is this", "jK0_uJW88go-00736-00159584-00159726": "is basically the same slide with a", "jK0_uJW88go-00737-00159727-00159839": "different title", "jK0_uJW88go-00738-00159840-00160151": "nothing new happening what happened in", "jK0_uJW88go-00739-00160152-00160390": "february was more interesting", "jK0_uJW88go-00740-00160391-00160590": "there was fedora 32 branching and", "jK0_uJW88go-00741-00160591-00160863": "rawhide became finally fedora 33", "jK0_uJW88go-00742-00160864-00161078": "up until now some people don't consider", "jK0_uJW88go-00743-00161079-00161231": "fedora free bugzillas", "jK0_uJW88go-00744-00161232-00161590": "very urgent i get that", "jK0_uJW88go-00745-00161591-00161799": "so now it started to be a little bit", "jK0_uJW88go-00746-00161800-00161990": "better", "jK0_uJW88go-00747-00161991-00162199": "from march to may i needed to stay at", "jK0_uJW88go-00748-00162200-00162390": "home from obvious reasons so i was", "jK0_uJW88go-00749-00162391-00162559": "building packages there were new alphas", "jK0_uJW88go-00750-00162560-00162695": "new mastery builds new", "jK0_uJW88go-00751-00162696-00162959": "new stuff everything happened all over", "jK0_uJW88go-00752-00162960-00163183": "again", "jK0_uJW88go-00753-00163184-00163375": "two minutes warning i'm very slow sorry", "jK0_uJW88go-00754-00163376-00163583": "about it", "jK0_uJW88go-00755-00163584-00163799": "important release was the first beta", "jK0_uJW88go-00756-00163800-00164014": "there were no new features so we could", "jK0_uJW88go-00757-00164015-00164319": "finally go into fedora proper and uh", "jK0_uJW88go-00758-00164320-00164478": "this is a basically point where we", "jK0_uJW88go-00759-00164479-00164671": "realized whether we do it or we postpone", "jK0_uJW88go-00760-00164672-00164799": "it to a new release", "jK0_uJW88go-00761-00164800-00164943": "then we need to announce announce", "jK0_uJW88go-00762-00164944-00165111": "announce and then for everybody what's", "jK0_uJW88go-00763-00165112-00165207": "going on", "jK0_uJW88go-00764-00165208-00165519": "and we build stuff in koji's scitec uh i", "jK0_uJW88go-00765-00165520-00165654": "don't want to go into details i don't", "jK0_uJW88go-00766-00165655-00165759": "have time for that", "jK0_uJW88go-00767-00165760-00165902": "but when we reproduce the bootstrap", "jK0_uJW88go-00768-00165903-00166175": "sequence must be built everything in it", "jK0_uJW88go-00769-00166176-00166359": "and have some new architectures to worry", "jK0_uJW88go-00770-00166360-00166607": "about then we need to merge the scitec", "jK0_uJW88go-00771-00166608-00166647": "back", "jK0_uJW88go-00772-00166648-00166823": "which could be either too soon or too", "jK0_uJW88go-00773-00166824-00167095": "late so we try to find a compromise and", "jK0_uJW88go-00774-00167096-00167366": "at the end it was open for 10 days", "jK0_uJW88go-00775-00167367-00167702": "uh there were 100 failures still what we", "jK0_uJW88go-00776-00167703-00167902": "needed to go through", "jK0_uJW88go-00777-00167903-00168083": "and some collisions with other side", "jK0_uJW88go-00778-00168084-00168311": "decks", "jK0_uJW88go-00779-00168312-00168454": "what happened later is that there were", "jK0_uJW88go-00780-00168455-00168614": "new better releases that actually", "jK0_uJW88go-00781-00168615-00168814": "happened in fedora not in copper", "jK0_uJW88go-00782-00168815-00169007": "but in fedora proper and we needed to be", "jK0_uJW88go-00783-00169008-00169271": "very sure not to break anything", "jK0_uJW88go-00784-00169272-00169543": "the short story is that it didn't so", "jK0_uJW88go-00785-00169544-00169654": "that was lucky", "jK0_uJW88go-00786-00169655-00169911": "with python38 uh some of the betas did", "jK0_uJW88go-00787-00169912-00170175": "break stuff", "jK0_uJW88go-00788-00170176-00170383": "very important month was august there", "jK0_uJW88go-00789-00170384-00170599": "was a fedora 33 beta freeze and the", "jK0_uJW88go-00790-00170600-00170799": "first release candidate of python", "jK0_uJW88go-00791-00170800-00171063": "so we managed to ship fedora 33 beta", "jK0_uJW88go-00792-00171064-00171231": "with the first release candidate", "jK0_uJW88go-00793-00171232-00171414": "and there was only a dozen packages that", "jK0_uJW88go-00794-00171415-00171575": "failed to build", "jK0_uJW88go-00795-00171576-00171838": "there was no problem whatsoever related", "jK0_uJW88go-00796-00171839-00172038": "to python discovered during beta", "jK0_uJW88go-00797-00172039-00172366": "so everything worked quite fine", "jK0_uJW88go-00798-00172367-00172663": "and finally uh with the final release in", "jK0_uJW88go-00799-00172664-00172807": "september october", "jK0_uJW88go-00800-00172808-00173054": "uh we updated to the second release", "jK0_uJW88go-00801-00173055-00173126": "candidate", "jK0_uJW88go-00802-00173127-00173414": "and then we pushed the final release one", "jK0_uJW88go-00803-00173415-00173638": "day after the final freeze", "jK0_uJW88go-00804-00173639-00173943": "uh through a freeze exception", "jK0_uJW88go-00805-00173944-00174095": "there were some packages that we needed", "jK0_uJW88go-00806-00174096-00174278": "to obsolete in order to unblock the", "jK0_uJW88go-00807-00174279-00174463": "upgrade path", "jK0_uJW88go-00808-00174464-00174695": "which worked quite well and most", "jK0_uJW88go-00809-00174696-00174871": "importantly fedora", "jK0_uJW88go-00810-00174872-00175135": "fedora python 310 0 alpha one was", "jK0_uJW88go-00811-00175136-00175238": "released so", "jK0_uJW88go-00812-00175239-00175414": "uh back at square one and we are", "jK0_uJW88go-00813-00175415-00175735": "starting over for a new year", "jK0_uJW88go-00814-00175736-00176151": "we will be doing this forever i guess", "jK0_uJW88go-00815-00176152-00176463": "that's it thank you for listening i hope", "jK0_uJW88go-00816-00176464-00176695": "i didn't rush it too much at the end", "jK0_uJW88go-00817-00176696-00177014": "if you need details i will be here and", "jK0_uJW88go-00818-00177015-00177320": "we can chat"}}, {"audio_id": "jKgcC8AtNvA", "text": {"jKgcC8AtNvA-00000-00001823-00002191": "[Music]", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00001-00002192-00003319": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00002-00003320-00006079": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00003-00006080-00007534": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00004-00007536-00008967": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00005-00008968-00010263": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00006-00010264-00011791": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00007-00011792-00013166": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00008-00013168-00020135": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00009-00020136-00021494": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00010-00021495-00029862": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00011-00029863-00032711": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00012-00032712-00034590": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00013-00034591-00034961": "wow", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00014-00034962-00035918": "[Music]", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00015-00035919-00037607": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00016-00037608-00038446": "okay", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00017-00038447-00039767": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00018-00039768-00040902": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00019-00040903-00043807": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00020-00043808-00046046": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00021-00046047-00049583": "foreign", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00022-00049584-00052335": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00023-00052336-00055463": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00024-00055464-00058623": "wow", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00025-00058624-00063463": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00026-00063464-00066845": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00027-00066846-00067631": "[Music]", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00028-00067632-00070471": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00029-00070472-00072015": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00030-00072016-00074679": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00031-00074680-00077543": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00032-00077544-00079567": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00033-00079568-00080182": "do", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00034-00080183-00083062": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00035-00083063-00084920": "so", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00036-00084921-00089615": "[Music]", "jKgcC8AtNvA-00037-00089616-00089824": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "jKnmeykej2Q", "text": {"jKnmeykej2Q-00000-00000000-00000250": "hi guys welcome to Cheryl's home cooking", "jKnmeykej2Q-00001-00000252-00000539": "sleigh bells ring", "jKnmeykej2Q-00002-00000540-00000628": "I listen", "jKnmeykej2Q-00003-00000629-00001187": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00004-00001188-00001291": "ing", "jKnmeykej2Q-00005-00001292-00001787": "mommy and daddy a beautiful side", "jKnmeykej2Q-00006-00001788-00002225": "beautiful I did Mommy talk oh we're", "jKnmeykej2Q-00007-00002226-00002645": "happy tonight", "jKnmeykej2Q-00008-00002646-00003142": "walking in the winter wonderland", "jKnmeykej2Q-00009-00003143-00003595": "and Mommy hot yes", "jKnmeykej2Q-00010-00003596-00003833": "would it say I bring you", "jKnmeykej2Q-00011-00003834-00004159": "yeah what is it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00012-00004160-00004541": "what is that", "jKnmeykej2Q-00013-00004542-00005406": "okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00014-00005407-00005722": "oh you're right there is a coffee maker", "jKnmeykej2Q-00015-00005723-00006510": "in there let's go step it up", "jKnmeykej2Q-00016-00006511-00006967": "oh my goodness Mia what is it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00017-00006968-00007231": "it's a kitchen", "jKnmeykej2Q-00018-00007231-00007759": "it's your own kitchen", "jKnmeykej2Q-00019-00007761-00008059": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00020-00008059-00009103": "you want to see it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00021-00009104-00009359": "I wish she gets that that's the whole", "jKnmeykej2Q-00022-00009360-00009773": "kitchen yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00023-00009774-00010021": "all right come on", "jKnmeykej2Q-00024-00010022-00010313": "you you got a kitchen where they're all", "jKnmeykej2Q-00025-00010314-00010564": "a little dumb look your own trash and", "jKnmeykej2Q-00026-00010565-00010955": "your own um your own oven look in your", "jKnmeykej2Q-00027-00010956-00011260": "own snake", "jKnmeykej2Q-00028-00011261-00011644": "yeah right here", "jKnmeykej2Q-00029-00011645-00011814": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00030-00011815-00012178": "what is in here", "jKnmeykej2Q-00031-00012179-00012641": "whoa", "jKnmeykej2Q-00032-00012642-00013169": "what is it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00033-00013169-00013391": "right here", "jKnmeykej2Q-00034-00013391-00014538": "pull it off right here", "jKnmeykej2Q-00035-00014540-00015025": "wow", "jKnmeykej2Q-00036-00015026-00015275": "yeah and that's a mixer you get", "jKnmeykej2Q-00037-00015276-00015625": "sidetracked so quickly", "jKnmeykej2Q-00038-00015626-00016705": "give me a look okay good pies", "jKnmeykej2Q-00039-00016706-00017094": "there's no picture on it so she's like", "jKnmeykej2Q-00040-00017095-00017567": "yeah yeah a red one", "jKnmeykej2Q-00041-00017568-00017905": "foreign", "jKnmeykej2Q-00042-00017906-00018517": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00043-00018518-00019108": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00044-00019109-00019828": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00045-00019829-00020058": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00046-00020059-00021308": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00047-00021309-00022519": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00048-00022520-00022936": "oh my goodness look at this symbol a", "jKnmeykej2Q-00049-00022937-00023211": "symbol they make noise", "jKnmeykej2Q-00050-00023212-00023357": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00051-00023358-00023633": "it's your jump", "jKnmeykej2Q-00052-00023634-00023867": "it's a purple", "jKnmeykej2Q-00053-00023868-00023994": "China", "jKnmeykej2Q-00054-00023995-00024283": "I seen that little", "jKnmeykej2Q-00055-00024284-00024521": "that's the rim for the drums we're gonna", "jKnmeykej2Q-00056-00024522-00024769": "have to", "jKnmeykej2Q-00057-00024770-00025127": "yes daddy will have to put it together", "jKnmeykej2Q-00058-00025128-00025535": "yeah the elf just made it and Santa", "jKnmeykej2Q-00059-00025536-00025912": "Claus just dropped it off", "jKnmeykej2Q-00060-00025913-00026431": "we need this one's heavy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00061-00026432-00026723": "go for it kid", "jKnmeykej2Q-00062-00026724-00026968": "yeah that goes on top no it goes on this", "jKnmeykej2Q-00063-00026969-00027185": "one honey it'd be easier to assemble it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00064-00027186-00027487": "at your house", "jKnmeykej2Q-00065-00027488-00027851": "oh and here's the foot kettle", "jKnmeykej2Q-00066-00027852-00028368": "we have stool", "jKnmeykej2Q-00067-00028369-00028637": "wow don't you want to think of some", "jKnmeykej2Q-00068-00028638-00028799": "bachi's house", "jKnmeykej2Q-00069-00028800-00028961": "you can play it all the time when you're", "jKnmeykej2Q-00070-00028962-00029057": "over there", "jKnmeykej2Q-00071-00029058-00029399": "I know when daddy's sleeping boom boom", "jKnmeykej2Q-00072-00029400-00029657": "boom boom boom boom", "jKnmeykej2Q-00073-00029658-00029879": "a real loud", "jKnmeykej2Q-00074-00029880-00030347": "because that's when it's the best", "jKnmeykej2Q-00075-00030348-00030652": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00076-00030654-00030874": "yeah that's part of the stool honey", "jKnmeykej2Q-00077-00030875-00031193": "she's sitting on this oh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00078-00031194-00031427": "I think it's full of this thing yeah I", "jKnmeykej2Q-00079-00031427-00031774": "think so too yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00080-00031775-00032057": "is this part of it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00081-00032058-00032423": "I don't think so what hold on honey", "jKnmeykej2Q-00082-00032424-00032962": "no I think that's", "jKnmeykej2Q-00083-00032963-00033640": "it somewhere", "jKnmeykej2Q-00084-00033641-00034577": "that must be part of it yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00085-00034578-00037320": "foreign", "jKnmeykej2Q-00086-00037321-00038290": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00087-00038291-00039689": "okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00088-00039690-00040193": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00089-00040194-00040636": "I don't know this is good", "jKnmeykej2Q-00090-00040637-00041140": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00091-00041141-00041212": "thank you", "jKnmeykej2Q-00092-00041213-00041539": "that is really good", "jKnmeykej2Q-00093-00041540-00041839": "yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00094-00041840-00042147": "that's a symbol", "jKnmeykej2Q-00095-00042148-00042479": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00096-00042480-00042683": "S I don't know what it goes on we have", "jKnmeykej2Q-00097-00042684-00042802": "to it doesn't matter which way the", "jKnmeykej2Q-00098-00042803-00042918": "washers", "jKnmeykej2Q-00099-00042919-00043252": "oh no they just flat washes no I think", "jKnmeykej2Q-00100-00043253-00043702": "it goes on this one yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00101-00043703-00044345": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00102-00044346-00044668": "foreign", "jKnmeykej2Q-00103-00044669-00045128": "wow", "jKnmeykej2Q-00104-00045129-00045765": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00105-00045766-00045935": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00106-00045936-00046281": "we're gonna be in Mia's band", "jKnmeykej2Q-00107-00046282-00046414": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00108-00046415-00047107": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00109-00047108-00047555": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00110-00047556-00047980": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00111-00047981-00048695": "I went loud on purpose", "jKnmeykej2Q-00112-00048696-00049001": "do it again", "jKnmeykej2Q-00113-00049002-00049689": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00114-00049690-00050237": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00115-00050238-00051169": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00116-00051170-00052296": "that is beautiful", "jKnmeykej2Q-00117-00052297-00053187": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00118-00053188-00053305": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00119-00053307-00053953": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00120-00053954-00054313": "remember you picked that dress up", "jKnmeykej2Q-00121-00054314-00054623": "you picked this out look", "jKnmeykej2Q-00122-00054624-00054982": "oh that's beautiful", "jKnmeykej2Q-00123-00054983-00055169": "we literally is the only thing she", "jKnmeykej2Q-00124-00055170-00055499": "picked out", "jKnmeykej2Q-00125-00055500-00055835": "she'll love it later yeah there's too", "jKnmeykej2Q-00126-00055836-00056212": "much going on yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00127-00056213-00056929": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00128-00056929-00057335": "it's for your Legos so now instead of", "jKnmeykej2Q-00129-00057336-00057544": "only playing them on your Lego sets if", "jKnmeykej2Q-00130-00057545-00058395": "you can play with them here anywhere", "jKnmeykej2Q-00131-00058396-00058734": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00132-00058735-00059221": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00133-00059222-00059424": "come on", "jKnmeykej2Q-00134-00059425-00059850": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00135-00059851-00060004": "okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00136-00060004-00060164": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00137-00060165-00060492": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00138-00060494-00060732": "because I know she's gonna want until", "jKnmeykej2Q-00139-00060733-00061215": "blippi all the time", "jKnmeykej2Q-00140-00061216-00061607": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00141-00061608-00061853": "really just like", "jKnmeykej2Q-00142-00061854-00062542": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00143-00062544-00062963": "okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00144-00062964-00063773": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00145-00063774-00063902": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00146-00063903-00064632": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00147-00064633-00064999": "let me see let me see", "jKnmeykej2Q-00148-00065000-00065603": "oh here we go okay ready", "jKnmeykej2Q-00149-00065604-00065876": "that's what I like", "jKnmeykej2Q-00150-00065877-00066244": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00151-00066245-00066500": "things", "jKnmeykej2Q-00152-00066501-00068388": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00153-00068389-00068687": "now you play Ready", "jKnmeykej2Q-00154-00068688-00069273": "foreign", "jKnmeykej2Q-00155-00069274-00069399": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00156-00069400-00069651": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00157-00069652-00069858": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00158-00069859-00070096": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00159-00070097-00071209": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00160-00071210-00071549": "like this like this knee up", "jKnmeykej2Q-00161-00071550-00071916": "okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00162-00071917-00072049": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00163-00072050-00072302": "good morning", "jKnmeykej2Q-00164-00072303-00072529": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00165-00072530-00072881": "be careful sitting on that be careful", "jKnmeykej2Q-00166-00072882-00073287": "because of your dress", "jKnmeykej2Q-00167-00073288-00073747": "[Applause]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00168-00073748-00074032": "wait a minute I guess we're sitting", "jKnmeykej2Q-00169-00074033-00074261": "inside Chris we don't know oh no you and", "jKnmeykej2Q-00170-00074262-00074599": "Mom oh you and I where is it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00171-00074600-00074917": "now okay okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00172-00074918-00075443": "putting food in there oh okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00173-00075444-00076450": "oh I got no food I know hold on Mommy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00174-00076451-00076570": "I can't either", "jKnmeykej2Q-00175-00076571-00076879": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00176-00076880-00077297": "the soda no you can't reach me", "jKnmeykej2Q-00177-00077298-00077491": "okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00178-00077492-00077917": "oh it's okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00179-00077918-00078150": "I want a dinner roll", "jKnmeykej2Q-00180-00078151-00078481": "yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00181-00078482-00078719": "the Ham's cool enough", "jKnmeykej2Q-00182-00078720-00078923": "but the peas and carrots are still hot", "jKnmeykej2Q-00183-00078924-00079162": "so just knead the ham for now", "jKnmeykej2Q-00184-00079163-00079385": "does she want butter on her roll or no", "jKnmeykej2Q-00185-00079386-00079744": "no no no no no yeah she's not usually a", "jKnmeykej2Q-00186-00079745-00079853": "butter fan", "jKnmeykej2Q-00187-00079854-00080093": "I put it on like", "jKnmeykej2Q-00188-00080094-00080291": "her uh like broccoli and stuff like that", "jKnmeykej2Q-00189-00080292-00080700": "yeah but Merry Christmas Merry Christmas", "jKnmeykej2Q-00190-00080701-00081061": "yay and a Happy New Year", "jKnmeykej2Q-00191-00081062-00081479": "and I'm happy New Year oh yeah and then", "jKnmeykej2Q-00192-00081480-00081919": "pretty soon happy birthday", "jKnmeykej2Q-00193-00081920-00082399": "and more presents can be three years old", "jKnmeykej2Q-00194-00082400-00082723": "boy you're wrong", "jKnmeykej2Q-00195-00082724-00083038": "I will feed the baby how's that I love", "jKnmeykej2Q-00196-00083039-00083467": "it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00197-00083468-00083699": "that's a little warm", "jKnmeykej2Q-00198-00083700-00083932": "those are okay your peas are good but", "jKnmeykej2Q-00199-00083933-00084550": "your carrots are still warm", "jKnmeykej2Q-00200-00084551-00084743": "your carrots right here", "jKnmeykej2Q-00201-00084744-00085144": "yeah those are carrots ooh yummy they're", "jKnmeykej2Q-00202-00085145-00085447": "still a little warm", "jKnmeykej2Q-00203-00085448-00085697": "like that", "jKnmeykej2Q-00204-00085698-00086153": "just like that boom", "jKnmeykej2Q-00205-00086154-00086687": "you're gonna eat some more ham", "jKnmeykej2Q-00206-00086688-00086915": "yes I went with Rudolph and the sleigh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00207-00086916-00087047": "when we went and fixed the sleigh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00208-00087048-00087215": "remember I took a picture of you miss", "jKnmeykej2Q-00209-00087216-00087317": "Santa Claus", "jKnmeykej2Q-00210-00087318-00087712": "I wasn't yeah is Greece on grandpa's", "jKnmeykej2Q-00211-00087713-00087774": "jacket", "jKnmeykej2Q-00212-00087775-00088831": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00213-00088832-00089147": "so I have to wash it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00214-00089148-00089387": "I have to wash his jacket now because it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00215-00089388-00089915": "got all dirty what a sleigh her", "jKnmeykej2Q-00216-00089916-00090138": "me yeah you", "jKnmeykej2Q-00217-00090139-00090499": "me you're beautiful", "jKnmeykej2Q-00218-00090500-00090985": "yeah you're beautiful any questions", "jKnmeykej2Q-00219-00090986-00091462": "you are so smart", "jKnmeykej2Q-00220-00091463-00092412": "you're a smart cookie aren't you", "jKnmeykej2Q-00221-00092413-00092644": "to Grandpa", "jKnmeykej2Q-00222-00092645-00092744": "to Georgie", "jKnmeykej2Q-00223-00092745-00092921": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00224-00092922-00094549": "back to me", "jKnmeykej2Q-00225-00094550-00094906": "I'm gonna throw it to Daddy whoa", "jKnmeykej2Q-00226-00094907-00095225": "Jazzy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00227-00095226-00095803": "Mia", "jKnmeykej2Q-00228-00095804-00096937": "two dogs", "jKnmeykej2Q-00229-00096938-00097261": "oh no", "jKnmeykej2Q-00230-00097262-00097631": "the Bob cheek body matching at it okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00231-00097632-00097900": "oh it's getting heavy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00232-00097901-00098394": "but did you catch it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00233-00098395-00098656": "right here Daddy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00234-00098657-00098879": "you got it give me a", "jKnmeykej2Q-00235-00098880-00099155": "h", "jKnmeykej2Q-00236-00099156-00099540": "to Daddy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00237-00099541-00100747": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00238-00100748-00101524": "I know yes thanks guys", "jKnmeykej2Q-00239-00101525-00101782": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00240-00101783-00102061": "to Mommy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00241-00102062-00102466": "Johnny still got it oh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00242-00102467-00102904": "he didn't throw it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00243-00102905-00104177": "um football tomorrow", "jKnmeykej2Q-00244-00104178-00104530": "please please throw the ball he did he", "jKnmeykej2Q-00245-00104531-00104663": "threw it to her and she threw it back to", "jKnmeykej2Q-00246-00104664-00105349": "Laurel", "jKnmeykej2Q-00247-00105350-00105725": "okay I'm gonna throw it to Daddy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00248-00105726-00106054": "yeah it was a big ball I had to catch", "jKnmeykej2Q-00249-00106055-00106399": "there man you ready", "jKnmeykej2Q-00250-00106400-00106654": "to Mommy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00251-00106655-00107015": "wow", "jKnmeykej2Q-00252-00107016-00107310": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00253-00107311-00107563": "oh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00254-00107564-00107897": "no we gotta clean it off", "jKnmeykej2Q-00255-00107898-00108101": "there we go", "jKnmeykej2Q-00256-00108102-00108328": "it's all clean did you tell Mommy about", "jKnmeykej2Q-00257-00108329-00109266": "your new toothbrush", "jKnmeykej2Q-00258-00109267-00109471": "oh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00259-00109472-00109769": "God she loves it and then it sticks to", "jKnmeykej2Q-00260-00109770-00109943": "the counter it's got a little spongy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00261-00109944-00110183": "thing on the bottom oh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00262-00110183-00111073": "cool yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00263-00111074-00111343": "please", "jKnmeykej2Q-00264-00111344-00111707": "you're gonna eat some more ham take a", "jKnmeykej2Q-00265-00111708-00112066": "couple more bites Turtle no you know why", "jKnmeykej2Q-00266-00112067-00113089": "the table's so big", "jKnmeykej2Q-00267-00113090-00113340": "it's gigantic", "jKnmeykej2Q-00268-00113341-00114128": "it's gigantic no yes", "jKnmeykej2Q-00269-00114129-00114307": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00270-00114308-00114727": "I'm dead", "jKnmeykej2Q-00271-00114728-00115033": "oh is it massive", "jKnmeykej2Q-00272-00115033-00115643": "no is it teeny tiny no", "jKnmeykej2Q-00273-00115644-00116140": "is it big no is it huge yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00274-00116141-00116393": "what is it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00275-00116394-00116536": "um", "jKnmeykej2Q-00276-00116538-00116963": "super duper big no", "jKnmeykej2Q-00277-00116964-00117184": "no", "jKnmeykej2Q-00278-00117185-00117665": "you don't know", "jKnmeykej2Q-00279-00117666-00117886": "I'm gonna drink some water or eat your", "jKnmeykej2Q-00280-00117888-00117913": "teeth", "jKnmeykej2Q-00281-00117914-00118084": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00282-00118085-00118240": "I don't want you to fall what do you", "jKnmeykej2Q-00283-00118241-00118331": "want", "jKnmeykej2Q-00284-00118332-00118411": "um", "jKnmeykej2Q-00285-00118413-00118607": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00286-00118608-00118810": "ask Mommy I don't know", "jKnmeykej2Q-00287-00118811-00119140": "okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00288-00119141-00119447": "okay there's Daddy", "jKnmeykej2Q-00289-00119448-00119704": "oh gosh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00290-00119705-00120190": "be careful", "jKnmeykej2Q-00291-00120191-00120502": "like on when I come here uh on a weekend", "jKnmeykej2Q-00292-00120503-00120721": "job yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00293-00120722-00121060": "I'll say to Mia if you want to come over", "jKnmeykej2Q-00294-00121061-00121363": "grandpa's house if you could ask", "jKnmeykej2Q-00295-00121364-00121831": "okay okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00296-00121832-00122167": "yeah okay okay", "jKnmeykej2Q-00297-00122168-00123540": "[Laughter]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00298-00123541-00123928": "we'll open it", "jKnmeykej2Q-00299-00123929-00124895": "it's my footprints", "jKnmeykej2Q-00300-00124896-00125436": "did you open it oh your Footprints", "jKnmeykej2Q-00301-00125438-00125604": "AC", "jKnmeykej2Q-00302-00125605-00126054": "what is my foot she painted all of that", "jKnmeykej2Q-00303-00126055-00126781": "whoa she painted the um blue", "jKnmeykej2Q-00304-00126782-00126983": "oh yeah", "jKnmeykej2Q-00305-00126983-00127289": "nice job pumpkin pie can I play your", "jKnmeykej2Q-00306-00127290-00127939": "drums I loved it can I play the drums", "jKnmeykej2Q-00307-00127940-00128321": "sorry get up there", "jKnmeykej2Q-00308-00128322-00128669": "are you listening no go over by the uh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00309-00128670-00128957": "you're seeing it for Bachi", "jKnmeykej2Q-00310-00128958-00129208": "she's looking for the sticks here go go", "jKnmeykej2Q-00311-00129209-00129425": "buy the tree we're gonna sing sleigh", "jKnmeykej2Q-00312-00129426-00129558": "bells ring", "jKnmeykej2Q-00313-00129559-00129845": "drums sing first and then we'll play the", "jKnmeykej2Q-00314-00129846-00129958": "drums", "jKnmeykej2Q-00315-00129959-00130214": "foreign", "jKnmeykej2Q-00316-00130215-00131825": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00317-00131826-00133609": "[Music]", "jKnmeykej2Q-00318-00133610-00133828": "School Bus", "jKnmeykej2Q-00319-00133829-00134996": "wow", "jKnmeykej2Q-00320-00134997-00135492": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "jKrypVxrpDA", "text": {"jKrypVxrpDA-00000-00002177-00003438": "[Music]", "jKrypVxrpDA-00001-00003439-00010428": "[Music]", "jKrypVxrpDA-00002-00010429-00014354": "[Music]", "jKrypVxrpDA-00003-00014355-00014813": "[Applause]", "jKrypVxrpDA-00004-00014815-00015558": "[Music]", "jKrypVxrpDA-00005-00015559-00015768": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "jKxsB199KHU", "text": {"jKxsB199KHU-00000-00000000-00000630": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00001-00000631-00001470": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00002-00001471-00001918": "oh my god", "jKxsB199KHU-00003-00001919-00002142": "in the words of the late great bankroll", "jKxsB199KHU-00004-00002143-00002231": "fresh", "jKxsB199KHU-00005-00002232-00002510": "let's switch it up on this episode of", "jKxsB199KHU-00006-00002511-00002583": "film room", "jKxsB199KHU-00007-00002584-00002807": "shorts i'm gonna review one of my", "jKxsB199KHU-00008-00002808-00002991": "favorite episodes of tales from the", "jKxsB199KHU-00009-00002992-00003118": "crypt", "jKxsB199KHU-00010-00003119-00003286": "the name of this episode is called", "jKxsB199KHU-00011-00003288-00003438": "fitting punishment", "jKxsB199KHU-00012-00003439-00003638": "and this is from season two of tales", "jKxsB199KHU-00013-00003639-00003935": "from the crypt", "jKxsB199KHU-00014-00003936-00004191": "this episode starts in a funeral home in", "jKxsB199KHU-00015-00004192-00004359": "the south", "jKxsB199KHU-00016-00004360-00004606": "we're in the south i don't [__] know", "jKxsB199KHU-00017-00004607-00004775": "but i just know the south gonna hold it", "jKxsB199KHU-00018-00004776-00006151": "down [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00019-00006152-00006559": "get out of here boy part is over", "jKxsB199KHU-00020-00006559-00006846": "party the viewing you idiot they've all", "jKxsB199KHU-00021-00006847-00007023": "gone on to the funeral", "jKxsB199KHU-00022-00007023-00007287": "are you blind i'm not here for no", "jKxsB199KHU-00023-00007288-00007414": "funeral", "jKxsB199KHU-00024-00007415-00007703": "don't you remember me thank the merciful", "jKxsB199KHU-00025-00007704-00007878": "lord no", "jKxsB199KHU-00026-00007879-00008246": "i'm bobby your nephew your sister ruby's", "jKxsB199KHU-00027-00008247-00008351": "kid", "jKxsB199KHU-00028-00008352-00008710": "oh my sister ruby", "jKxsB199KHU-00029-00008711-00009191": "well you can tell that no good sushi", "jKxsB199KHU-00030-00009192-00009471": "ezra the funeral home finds out that he", "jKxsB199KHU-00031-00009472-00009727": "has to take care of his nephew bobby", "jKxsB199KHU-00032-00009728-00009967": "after he finds out his sister ruby dies", "jKxsB199KHU-00033-00009968-00010231": "in a car accident", "jKxsB199KHU-00034-00010232-00010463": "god helps the mourners this lady", "jKxsB199KHU-00035-00010464-00010631": "supposed to be dead but she's moving", "jKxsB199KHU-00036-00010632-00011578": "like [__] in this casket", "jKxsB199KHU-00037-00011579-00012683": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00038-00012684-00012830": "ugh", "jKxsB199KHU-00039-00012831-00013343": "and god also helps those", "jKxsB199KHU-00040-00013344-00013711": "that help themselves ezra puts", "jKxsB199KHU-00041-00013712-00014038": "bobby to work in the funeral home", "jKxsB199KHU-00042-00014040-00014311": "while learning how to um ball my body", "jKxsB199KHU-00043-00014312-00014503": "bobby finds out that his uncle is a", "jKxsB199KHU-00044-00014504-00014630": "cheap piece of [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00045-00014631-00015483": "that takes shortcuts on everything", "jKxsB199KHU-00046-00015484-00015694": "yeah aren't you supposed to use", "jKxsB199KHU-00047-00015695-00015838": "chemicals or something", "jKxsB199KHU-00048-00015840-00016103": "he's dead your damn fool he doesn't know", "jKxsB199KHU-00049-00016104-00016222": "the difference", "jKxsB199KHU-00050-00016223-00016535": "besides those chemicals cost money like", "jKxsB199KHU-00051-00016536-00016694": "it says in the bible", "jKxsB199KHU-00052-00016695-00017088": "penny saved any", "jKxsB199KHU-00053-00017089-00017222": "[Applause]", "jKxsB199KHU-00054-00017223-00017750": "uh didn't ben franklin say that", "jKxsB199KHU-00055-00017751-00018439": "don't you contradict me boy", "jKxsB199KHU-00056-00018440-00018583": "what's all this chinese writing in the", "jKxsB199KHU-00057-00018584-00018830": "box made in taiwan yeah", "jKxsB199KHU-00058-00018831-00019143": "dummy god damn you old ass [__] ass", "jKxsB199KHU-00059-00019144-00019214": "[__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00060-00019215-00019463": "they're six inches shorter you know the", "jKxsB199KHU-00061-00019464-00019767": "taiwanese are smaller people", "jKxsB199KHU-00062-00019768-00019991": "and i can use the coffins for most folks", "jKxsB199KHU-00063-00019992-00020191": "nobody knows the difference", "jKxsB199KHU-00064-00020192-00020663": "and i charge full price", "jKxsB199KHU-00065-00020664-00020950": "you wanted to see me uncle ezra no but i", "jKxsB199KHU-00066-00020951-00021127": "have no choice", "jKxsB199KHU-00067-00021128-00021294": "don't measure the jeffrey's body so i", "jKxsB199KHU-00068-00021295-00021427": "can audience casket", "jKxsB199KHU-00069-00021428-00021639": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00070-00021640-00022785": "yes sir", "jKxsB199KHU-00071-00022786-00022935": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00072-00022936-00023247": "oak", "jKxsB199KHU-00073-00023248-00023511": "during the funeral home of a kid ezra", "jKxsB199KHU-00074-00023512-00023614": "makes a mistake", "jKxsB199KHU-00075-00023615-00023855": "and tells bobby to order the wrong type", "jKxsB199KHU-00076-00023856-00024575": "of coffin", "jKxsB199KHU-00077-00024576-00025399": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00078-00025400-00025591": "we're all very thankful for your help mr", "jKxsB199KHU-00079-00025592-00025814": "thornberry", "jKxsB199KHU-00080-00025816-00025990": "these last two days have been brother", "jKxsB199KHU-00081-00025991-00026255": "trying yes i can imagine", "jKxsB199KHU-00082-00026256-00026479": "you and your family have my condolences", "jKxsB199KHU-00083-00026480-00026607": "mr jeffries", "jKxsB199KHU-00084-00026608-00026799": "but don't worry i've taken care of", "jKxsB199KHU-00085-00026800-00026943": "everything", "jKxsB199KHU-00086-00026944-00027351": "here we are the perfect vessel to send", "jKxsB199KHU-00087-00027352-00027535": "your son on his way", "jKxsB199KHU-00088-00027536-00027918": "to the realm of glory", "jKxsB199KHU-00089-00027919-00028255": "is there something wrong this casket is", "jKxsB199KHU-00090-00028256-00028358": "made of pine", "jKxsB199KHU-00091-00028360-00028639": "that's right highest quality of pine", "jKxsB199KHU-00092-00028639-00028814": "from the forest of me", "jKxsB199KHU-00093-00028816-00029127": "but i specifically asked for oh", "jKxsB199KHU-00094-00029127-00029367": "that's right but i've already paid i", "jKxsB199KHU-00095-00029368-00029639": "want nothing but the best for my son", "jKxsB199KHU-00096-00029639-00030031": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00097-00030032-00030358": "instead of admitting he was wrong", "jKxsB199KHU-00098-00030360-00030583": "this bitch-ass old-ass [__] takes his", "jKxsB199KHU-00099-00030583-00030767": "paint out on bobby", "jKxsB199KHU-00100-00030768-00030943": "you know what it's gonna cost me you got", "jKxsB199KHU-00101-00030944-00031143": "any idea now i'm gonna have to pay for", "jKxsB199KHU-00102-00031144-00031343": "that damn pine coffin but uncle", "jKxsB199KHU-00103-00031344-00031583": "i told you oak don't you lie to me boy", "jKxsB199KHU-00104-00031583-00031774": "i'm not lying uncle i swear to god i", "jKxsB199KHU-00105-00031775-00031823": "told you", "jKxsB199KHU-00106-00031824-00032214": "oh yeah i use the lord's name in vain", "jKxsB199KHU-00107-00032216-00032527": "now you're gonna have to be punished now", "jKxsB199KHU-00108-00032527-00032935": "uncle please", "jKxsB199KHU-00109-00032936-00033174": "while hitting bobby with the [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00110-00033175-00033271": "crowbar", "jKxsB199KHU-00111-00033272-00033727": "he paralyzes him", "jKxsB199KHU-00112-00033728-00033943": "this [__] ass [__] ezra is something", "jKxsB199KHU-00113-00033944-00034048": "else", "jKxsB199KHU-00114-00034049-00034423": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00115-00034424-00034743": "your nephew has suffered", "jKxsB199KHU-00116-00034744-00035118": "a severe spinal injury mr fontenberry", "jKxsB199KHU-00117-00035119-00035455": "he'll never walk again how on earth did", "jKxsB199KHU-00118-00035456-00035559": "that happen", "jKxsB199KHU-00119-00035560-00035839": "his own characters i'm afraid he fell", "jKxsB199KHU-00120-00035840-00036023": "down the stairs", "jKxsB199KHU-00121-00036024-00036174": "if i've told him once i told him a", "jKxsB199KHU-00122-00036175-00036423": "thousand times no running inside he's a", "jKxsB199KHU-00123-00036424-00036751": "spirited boy you know an athlete", "jKxsB199KHU-00124-00036752-00038306": "not anymore", "jKxsB199KHU-00125-00038307-00038967": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00126-00038968-00039487": "you put me in the pool house yet", "jKxsB199KHU-00127-00039488-00039823": "what you want boy ezra don't you answer", "jKxsB199KHU-00128-00039824-00040374": "me where are my air jordans i sold", "jKxsB199KHU-00129-00040375-00040607": "you sold them got a pretty good price", "jKxsB199KHU-00130-00040608-00040815": "for them too", "jKxsB199KHU-00131-00040816-00041207": "[__] sold his [__] on stock eggs", "jKxsB199KHU-00132-00041208-00041407": "how could you sell my shoes don't you", "jKxsB199KHU-00133-00041408-00041583": "raise your voice with me boy", "jKxsB199KHU-00134-00041584-00041767": "look at you you're not about a helpless", "jKxsB199KHU-00135-00041768-00041983": "[__] what are you gonna do with shoes", "jKxsB199KHU-00136-00041984-00042118": "all you're gonna do is cost me money", "jKxsB199KHU-00137-00042119-00042358": "you're nothing about a goddamn bird well", "jKxsB199KHU-00138-00042359-00042535": "you should've thought about that before", "jKxsB199KHU-00139-00042536-00042871": "you hit me with that crowbar", "jKxsB199KHU-00140-00042872-00043255": "yeah i i don't call the sheriff", "jKxsB199KHU-00141-00043256-00043590": "that's what i'm gonna do since bobby is", "jKxsB199KHU-00142-00043591-00043783": "putting ezra in the poor house due to", "jKxsB199KHU-00143-00043784-00044039": "his medical bills from being paralyzed", "jKxsB199KHU-00144-00044040-00044311": "ezra comes up with a plan to put a stop", "jKxsB199KHU-00145-00044312-00044607": "to the medical bills", "jKxsB199KHU-00146-00044608-00045294": "man this old [__] a hoe", "jKxsB199KHU-00147-00045295-00047353": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00148-00047354-00047639": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00149-00047640-00048262": "hello bubby uh hi uncle", "jKxsB199KHU-00150-00048263-00049083": "oh what are you doing my boss surprise", "jKxsB199KHU-00151-00049084-00049407": "[__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00152-00049408-00049758": "he kills his nephew", "jKxsB199KHU-00153-00049759-00049999": "not only does he kill his nephew he", "jKxsB199KHU-00154-00050000-00050118": "embalms him", "jKxsB199KHU-00155-00050119-00050415": "and puts him in a tiny coffin that bobby", "jKxsB199KHU-00156-00050416-00051355": "ordered by mistake", "jKxsB199KHU-00157-00051357-00051811": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00158-00051812-00051886": "[Applause]", "jKxsB199KHU-00159-00051887-00053295": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00160-00053296-00054333": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00161-00054334-00054682": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00162-00054683-00055038": "um", "jKxsB199KHU-00163-00055039-00055366": "least not whatnot that's what i always", "jKxsB199KHU-00164-00055367-00055526": "say", "jKxsB199KHU-00165-00055527-00055830": "here we are inside and repose", "jKxsB199KHU-00166-00055832-00056574": "just the way i want you", "jKxsB199KHU-00167-00056575-00057223": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00168-00057224-00057630": "damn you're a nuisance when you're dead", "jKxsB199KHU-00169-00057632-00058882": "i'm sure they're not gonna order another", "jKxsB199KHU-00170-00058883-00059501": "coffin", "jKxsB199KHU-00171-00059502-00060154": "[Applause]", "jKxsB199KHU-00172-00060154-00060282": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00173-00060283-00060719": "oh", "jKxsB199KHU-00174-00060720-00061006": "while at bobby's funeral the doctor is", "jKxsB199KHU-00175-00061007-00061215": "on the ezra's [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00176-00061216-00061447": "strange how he should happen to fall", "jKxsB199KHU-00177-00061448-00061606": "down the stairs again", "jKxsB199KHU-00178-00061607-00061854": "isn't it mr fontenberry well perhaps", "jKxsB199KHU-00179-00061855-00062006": "it's for the best", "jKxsB199KHU-00180-00062007-00062294": "the boy was young and full of vigor he", "jKxsB199KHU-00181-00062295-00062671": "would have made a miserable [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00182-00062672-00063023": "such a short coffin for a boy so tall", "jKxsB199KHU-00183-00063024-00063215": "all right i know he's a funeral home", "jKxsB199KHU-00184-00063216-00063454": "owner and whatnot but like", "jKxsB199KHU-00185-00063455-00063719": "i'm pretty sure you can't just like kill", "jKxsB199KHU-00186-00063720-00063911": "[__] and just embalm them and that's", "jKxsB199KHU-00187-00063912-00063982": "okay", "jKxsB199KHU-00188-00063983-00064175": "like don't the city gotta get involved", "jKxsB199KHU-00189-00064176-00064391": "like don't like you gotta be like a", "jKxsB199KHU-00190-00064391-00064679": "official coroner's report maybe like", "jKxsB199KHU-00191-00064679-00064782": "doesn't he need like an", "jKxsB199KHU-00192-00064783-00064982": "autopsy or something i know it's the", "jKxsB199KHU-00193-00064983-00065150": "[__] south is like", "jKxsB199KHU-00194-00065151-00065406": "this city looks poor as [__] but like", "jKxsB199KHU-00195-00065407-00065550": "come on dog", "jKxsB199KHU-00196-00065551-00065719": "this is [__] like he just killed", "jKxsB199KHU-00197-00065720-00065847": "that [__] and just bombed him", "jKxsB199KHU-00198-00065848-00066126": "immediately whatever", "jKxsB199KHU-00199-00066127-00066367": "later that night while ezra is asleep", "jKxsB199KHU-00200-00066368-00066759": "he's awakened by the spirits of bobby", "jKxsB199KHU-00201-00066760-00066987": "it's time to die old [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00202-00066988-00067271": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00203-00067272-00067694": "who could that be this one god they are", "jKxsB199KHU-00204-00067695-00067911": "the ghost of bobby comes to roll this", "jKxsB199KHU-00205-00067912-00068055": "old ass [__] up into an", "jKxsB199KHU-00206-00068056-00068463": "op pack", "jKxsB199KHU-00207-00068464-00069571": "five the back wood", "jKxsB199KHU-00208-00069572-00070257": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00209-00070258-00071482": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00210-00071483-00071855": "uh", "jKxsB199KHU-00211-00071856-00072071": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00212-00072072-00072391": "oh my god", "jKxsB199KHU-00213-00072392-00072855": "i can't okay in my legs", "jKxsB199KHU-00214-00072856-00073095": "oh my god", "jKxsB199KHU-00215-00073096-00074447": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00216-00074448-00075791": "it can't be", "jKxsB199KHU-00217-00075792-00077260": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00218-00077261-00078382": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00219-00078383-00078799": "like it says in the bible uncle ezra", "jKxsB199KHU-00220-00078800-00080163": "blood is thicker than water", "jKxsB199KHU-00221-00080164-00080591": "[Music]", "jKxsB199KHU-00222-00080592-00080967": "that's what you get old [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00223-00080968-00081094": "and that's the conclusion of this", "jKxsB199KHU-00224-00081095-00081271": "episode of tales on the [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00225-00081272-00081487": "before we go man check out my [__] [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00226-00081488-00081591": "keeper bruh", "jKxsB199KHU-00227-00081592-00081815": "they got the feet off bro you got the", "jKxsB199KHU-00228-00081816-00081911": "bread", "jKxsB199KHU-00229-00081912-00082262": "fours my [__] the mars blackman fours", "jKxsB199KHU-00230-00082263-00082575": "my [__] fresh man but anyway man this", "jKxsB199KHU-00231-00082576-00082759": "has been another episode of film room", "jKxsB199KHU-00232-00082760-00082943": "man imma start doing these tales from", "jKxsB199KHU-00233-00082944-00083062": "the [__] episodes", "jKxsB199KHU-00234-00083063-00083294": "i'm gonna do a top 10 episode of tales", "jKxsB199KHU-00235-00083295-00083406": "from the crypt like", "jKxsB199KHU-00236-00083407-00083615": "my favorite 10 episodes of tales on the", "jKxsB199KHU-00237-00083616-00083799": "crypt but i'm gonna keep these going man", "jKxsB199KHU-00238-00083800-00083935": "i love tales from the [__]", "jKxsB199KHU-00239-00083936-00084182": "i might do um twilight zone some of", "jKxsB199KHU-00240-00084183-00084303": "those episodes", "jKxsB199KHU-00241-00084304-00084479": "but mostly tales from the [__] because i", "jKxsB199KHU-00242-00084480-00084647": "just [__] love this show", "jKxsB199KHU-00243-00084648-00084959": "so imma get some of those done but we're", "jKxsB199KHU-00244-00084960-00085191": "still gonna do the movies also", "jKxsB199KHU-00245-00085192-00085494": "keep keep everything as normal but if", "jKxsB199KHU-00246-00085495-00085647": "you want these films room", "jKxsB199KHU-00247-00085648-00085911": "short episodes early man you know to do", "jKxsB199KHU-00248-00085912-00086462": "man sign up to the patreon patreon.com", "jKxsB199KHU-00249-00086463-00086687": "podcast to get all kind of exclusive", "jKxsB199KHU-00250-00086688-00086791": "contents", "jKxsB199KHU-00251-00086792-00086959": "check out our podcast random makes a", "jKxsB199KHU-00252-00086960-00087318": "podcast you get that early also", "jKxsB199KHU-00253-00087319-00087494": "just sign up man you get all kind of", "jKxsB199KHU-00254-00087495-00087999": "[__] man patreon.compodcast support a", "jKxsB199KHU-00255-00088000-00088159": "real [__] man we're trying to get out", "jKxsB199KHU-00256-00088160-00088423": "the hood man", "jKxsB199KHU-00257-00088424-00088782": "supporter [__] man with all that said", "jKxsB199KHU-00258-00088783-00089168": "i'm out"}}]