diff --git "a/data/en108/text/00000047.json" "b/data/en108/text/00000047.json"
new file mode 100644--- /dev/null
+++ "b/data/en108/text/00000047.json"
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+[{"audio_id": "SS-kLhc6N60", "text": {"SS-kLhc6N60-00000-00000104-00000423": "a glacier u.s or uk is a persistent body", "SS-kLhc6N60-00001-00000424-00000623": "of dense ice that is constantly moving", "SS-kLhc6N60-00002-00000624-00000807": "under its own weight it forms where the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00003-00000808-00000983": "accumulation of snow exceeds its", "SS-kLhc6N60-00004-00000984-00001191": "ablation melting and sublimation over", "SS-kLhc6N60-00005-00001192-00001431": "many years often centuries", "SS-kLhc6N60-00006-00001432-00001647": "glaciers slowly deform and flow due to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00007-00001648-00001807": "stresses induced by their weight", "SS-kLhc6N60-00008-00001807-00002030": "creating crevasses syrax and other", "SS-kLhc6N60-00009-00002032-00002215": "distinguishing features", "SS-kLhc6N60-00010-00002216-00002407": "they also abrade rock and debris from", "SS-kLhc6N60-00011-00002408-00002623": "their substrate to create landforms such", "SS-kLhc6N60-00012-00002624-00002815": "as circs and moraines", "SS-kLhc6N60-00013-00002816-00003007": "glaciers form only on land and are", "SS-kLhc6N60-00014-00003008-00003191": "distinct from the much thinner sea ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00015-00003192-00003375": "and lake ice that form on the surface of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00016-00003376-00003567": "bodies of water", "SS-kLhc6N60-00017-00003568-00003863": "on earth 99 of glacial ice is contained", "SS-kLhc6N60-00018-00003864-00004111": "within vast ice sheets also known as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00019-00004112-00004311": "continental glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00020-00004312-00004519": "in the polar regions but glaciers may be", "SS-kLhc6N60-00021-00004520-00004695": "found in mountain ranges on every", "SS-kLhc6N60-00022-00004696-00004854": "continent including oceania's", "SS-kLhc6N60-00023-00004855-00005070": "high-latitude oceanic island countries", "SS-kLhc6N60-00024-00005071-00005367": "such as new zealand and papua new guinea", "SS-kLhc6N60-00025-00005368-00005679": "between 35 degrees north and 35 degrees", "SS-kLhc6N60-00026-00005680-00005847": "south glaciers occur only in the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00027-00005848-00006111": "himalayas andes rocky mountains a few", "SS-kLhc6N60-00028-00006112-00006359": "high mountains in east africa mexico new", "SS-kLhc6N60-00029-00006360-00006606": "guinea and on zard coup in iran", "SS-kLhc6N60-00030-00006608-00006798": "glaciers cover about 10 percent of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00031-00006800-00007014": "earth's land surface continental", "SS-kLhc6N60-00032-00007015-00007263": "glaciers cover nearly 13 million square", "SS-kLhc6N60-00033-00007264-00007510": "kilometers 5 million square miles or", "SS-kLhc6N60-00034-00007511-00007863": "about 98 of antarctica's 13.2 million", "SS-kLhc6N60-00035-00007864-00008119": "square kilometers 5.1 million square", "SS-kLhc6N60-00036-00008120-00008399": "miles with an average thickness of 2100", "SS-kLhc6N60-00037-00008400-00008774": "meters 7000 feet greenland and patagonia", "SS-kLhc6N60-00038-00008775-00008999": "also have huge expanses of continental", "SS-kLhc6N60-00039-00009000-00009206": "glaciers glacial ice is the largest", "SS-kLhc6N60-00040-00009207-00009463": "reservoir of fresh water on earth", "SS-kLhc6N60-00041-00009464-00009687": "many glaciers from temperate alpine and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00042-00009688-00009903": "seasonal polar climates store water as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00043-00009904-00010063": "ice during the colder seasons and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00044-00010064-00010206": "release it later in the form of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00045-00010207-00010423": "meltwater as warmer summer temperatures", "SS-kLhc6N60-00046-00010424-00010606": "cause the glacier to melt creating a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00047-00010607-00010774": "water source that is especially", "SS-kLhc6N60-00048-00010775-00010983": "important for plants animals and human", "SS-kLhc6N60-00049-00010984-00011246": "uses when other sources may be scanned", "SS-kLhc6N60-00050-00011247-00011446": "within high altitude and antarctic", "SS-kLhc6N60-00051-00011447-00011638": "environments the seasonal temperature", "SS-kLhc6N60-00052-00011639-00011806": "difference is often not sufficient to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00053-00011807-00012006": "release meltwater", "SS-kLhc6N60-00054-00012007-00012199": "since glacial mass is affected by", "SS-kLhc6N60-00055-00012200-00012431": "long-term climatic changes e.g", "SS-kLhc6N60-00056-00012432-00012678": "precipitation mean temperature and cloud", "SS-kLhc6N60-00057-00012679-00012855": "cover glacial mass changes are", "SS-kLhc6N60-00058-00012856-00013022": "considered among the most sensitive", "SS-kLhc6N60-00059-00013023-00013207": "indicators of climate change and are a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00060-00013208-00013527": "major source of variations in sea level", "SS-kLhc6N60-00061-00013528-00013735": "a large piece of compressed ice or a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00062-00013736-00013991": "glacier appears blue as large quantities", "SS-kLhc6N60-00063-00013991-00014247": "of water appear blue this is because", "SS-kLhc6N60-00064-00014247-00014471": "water molecules absorb other colors more", "SS-kLhc6N60-00065-00014472-00014655": "efficiently than blue", "SS-kLhc6N60-00066-00014656-00014822": "the other reason for the blue color of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00067-00014823-00015079": "glaciers is the lack of air bubbles", "SS-kLhc6N60-00068-00015080-00015286": "air bubbles which give a white color to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00069-00015287-00015463": "ice are squeezed out by pressure", "SS-kLhc6N60-00070-00015463-00015638": "increasing the density of the created", "SS-kLhc6N60-00071-00015640-00016022": "ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00072-00016023-00016639": "topic etymology and related terms", "SS-kLhc6N60-00073-00016640-00016822": "the word glacier is a loanword from", "SS-kLhc6N60-00074-00016823-00017007": "french and goes back via franco", "SS-kLhc6N60-00075-00017008-00017263": "provencal to the vulgar latin glaciarium", "SS-kLhc6N60-00076-00017264-00017471": "derived from the late latin glacia and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00077-00017472-00017799": "ultimately latin glacies meaning ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00078-00017800-00018022": "the processes and features caused by or", "SS-kLhc6N60-00079-00018023-00018214": "related to glaciers are referred to as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00080-00018215-00018335": "glacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00081-00018336-00018543": "the process of glacier establishment", "SS-kLhc6N60-00082-00018544-00018822": "growth and flow is called glaciation", "SS-kLhc6N60-00083-00018823-00019022": "the corresponding area of study is", "SS-kLhc6N60-00084-00019023-00019303": "called glaciology glaciers are important", "SS-kLhc6N60-00085-00019304-00019839": "components of the global cryosphere", "SS-kLhc6N60-00086-00019840-00020327": "topic types", "SS-kLhc6N60-00087-00020328-00020630": "topic classification by size shape and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00088-00020631-00021039": "behavior", "SS-kLhc6N60-00089-00021040-00021207": "glaciers are categorized by their", "SS-kLhc6N60-00090-00021208-00021430": "morphology thermal characteristics and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00091-00021431-00021567": "behavior", "SS-kLhc6N60-00092-00021568-00021750": "cirque glaciers form on the crests and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00093-00021751-00021999": "slopes of mountains a glacier that fills", "SS-kLhc6N60-00094-00022000-00022199": "a valley is called a valley glacier or", "SS-kLhc6N60-00095-00022200-00022383": "alternatively an alpine glacier or", "SS-kLhc6N60-00096-00022384-00022543": "mountain glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00097-00022544-00022767": "a large body of glacial ice astride a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00098-00022768-00022999": "mountain mountain range or volcano is", "SS-kLhc6N60-00099-00023000-00023247": "termed an ice cap or ice field", "SS-kLhc6N60-00100-00023248-00023494": "ice caps have an area less than 50 000", "SS-kLhc6N60-00101-00023495-00023775": "square kilometres 19 000 square miles by", "SS-kLhc6N60-00102-00023776-00023942": "definition", "SS-kLhc6N60-00103-00023943-00024207": "glacial bodies larger than 50 000 square", "SS-kLhc6N60-00104-00024208-00024455": "kilometers 19 000 square miles are", "SS-kLhc6N60-00105-00024456-00024614": "called ice sheets or continental", "SS-kLhc6N60-00106-00024615-00024750": "glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00107-00024751-00024950": "several kilometers deep they obscure the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00108-00024951-00025214": "underlying topography only nunitics", "SS-kLhc6N60-00109-00025215-00025439": "protrude from their surfaces the only", "SS-kLhc6N60-00110-00025440-00025631": "extant ice sheets are the two that cover", "SS-kLhc6N60-00111-00025632-00025878": "most of antarctica and greenland", "SS-kLhc6N60-00112-00025879-00026078": "they contain vast quantities of fresh", "SS-kLhc6N60-00113-00026079-00026302": "water enough that if both melted global", "SS-kLhc6N60-00114-00026304-00026551": "sea levels would rise by over 70 metres", "SS-kLhc6N60-00115-00026552-00026735": "230 feet", "SS-kLhc6N60-00116-00026736-00026927": "portions of an ice sheet or cap that", "SS-kLhc6N60-00117-00026927-00027143": "extend into water are called ice shelves", "SS-kLhc6N60-00118-00027144-00027343": "they tend to be thin with limited slopes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00119-00027344-00027535": "and reduced velocities", "SS-kLhc6N60-00120-00027536-00027758": "narrow fast-moving sections of an ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00121-00027760-00027967": "sheet are called ice streams", "SS-kLhc6N60-00122-00027968-00028199": "in antarctica many ice streams drain", "SS-kLhc6N60-00123-00028200-00028423": "into large ice shelves some drain", "SS-kLhc6N60-00124-00028424-00028639": "directly into the sea often with an ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00125-00028639-00028870": "tongue like mert's glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00126-00028872-00029062": "tidewater glaciers are glaciers that", "SS-kLhc6N60-00127-00029063-00029255": "terminate in the sea including most", "SS-kLhc6N60-00128-00029256-00029423": "glaciers flowing from greenland", "SS-kLhc6N60-00129-00029424-00029662": "antarctica baffin and ellsmere islands", "SS-kLhc6N60-00130-00029663-00029870": "in canada southeast alaska and the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00131-00029872-00030062": "northern and southern patagonian ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00132-00030063-00030174": "fields", "SS-kLhc6N60-00133-00030175-00030399": "as the ice reaches the sea pieces break", "SS-kLhc6N60-00134-00030400-00030662": "off or calve forming icebergs", "SS-kLhc6N60-00135-00030663-00030887": "most tidewater glaciers calve above sea", "SS-kLhc6N60-00136-00030888-00031055": "level which often results in a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00137-00031056-00031270": "tremendous impact as the iceberg strikes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00138-00031272-00031390": "the water", "SS-kLhc6N60-00139-00031391-00031551": "tidewater glaciers undergo", "SS-kLhc6N60-00140-00031552-00031758": "centuries-long cycles of advance and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00141-00031760-00031943": "retreat that are much less affected by", "SS-kLhc6N60-00142-00031944-00032102": "the climate change than those of other", "SS-kLhc6N60-00143-00032103-00032567": "glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00144-00032568-00033095": "classification by thermal state", "SS-kLhc6N60-00145-00033096-00033287": "thermally a temperate glacier is at", "SS-kLhc6N60-00146-00033288-00033446": "melting point throughout the year from", "SS-kLhc6N60-00147-00033447-00033646": "its surface to its base", "SS-kLhc6N60-00148-00033647-00033855": "the ice of a polar glacier is always", "SS-kLhc6N60-00149-00033856-00033999": "below the freezing point from the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00150-00034000-00034183": "surface to its base although the surface", "SS-kLhc6N60-00151-00034184-00034471": "snowpack may experience seasonal melting", "SS-kLhc6N60-00152-00034472-00034679": "a subpolar glacier includes both", "SS-kLhc6N60-00153-00034680-00034879": "temperate and polar ice depending on", "SS-kLhc6N60-00154-00034880-00035062": "depth beneath the surface and position", "SS-kLhc6N60-00155-00035063-00035262": "along the length of the glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00156-00035263-00035479": "in a similar way the thermal regime of a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00157-00035480-00035702": "glacier is often described by its basal", "SS-kLhc6N60-00158-00035703-00035839": "temperature", "SS-kLhc6N60-00159-00035840-00036055": "a cold-based glacier is below freezing", "SS-kLhc6N60-00160-00036056-00036246": "at the ice ground interface and is thus", "SS-kLhc6N60-00161-00036247-00036502": "frozen to the underlying substrate", "SS-kLhc6N60-00162-00036503-00036718": "a warm based glacier is above or at", "SS-kLhc6N60-00163-00036719-00036911": "freezing at the interface and is able to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00164-00036912-00037095": "slide at this contact", "SS-kLhc6N60-00165-00037096-00037279": "this contrast is thought to a large", "SS-kLhc6N60-00166-00037280-00037446": "extent to govern the ability of a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00167-00037447-00037679": "glacier to effectively erode its bed as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00168-00037680-00037862": "sliding ice promotes plucking it rock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00169-00037863-00038039": "from the surface below", "SS-kLhc6N60-00170-00038040-00038262": "glaciers which are partly cold-based and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00171-00038263-00038415": "partly warm-based are known as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00172-00038416-00038895": "polythermal", "SS-kLhc6N60-00173-00038896-00039327": "formation", "SS-kLhc6N60-00174-00039328-00039535": "glaciers form where the accumulation of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00175-00039536-00039799": "snow and ice exceeds ablation a glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00176-00039800-00039999": "usually originates from a landform", "SS-kLhc6N60-00177-00040000-00040295": "called circ or cory or cwm a typically", "SS-kLhc6N60-00178-00040296-00040535": "armchair-shaped geological feature such", "SS-kLhc6N60-00179-00040536-00040695": "as a depression between mountains", "SS-kLhc6N60-00180-00040696-00040895": "enclosed by eretz which collects and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00181-00040896-00041079": "compresses through gravity the snow that", "SS-kLhc6N60-00182-00041080-00041215": "falls into it", "SS-kLhc6N60-00183-00041216-00041415": "this snow collects and is compacted by", "SS-kLhc6N60-00184-00041416-00041590": "the weight of the snow falling above it", "SS-kLhc6N60-00185-00041591-00041743": "forming never", "SS-kLhc6N60-00186-00041744-00041911": "further crushing of the individual", "SS-kLhc6N60-00187-00041912-00042087": "snowflakes and squeezing the air from", "SS-kLhc6N60-00188-00042088-00042415": "the snow turns it into glacial ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00189-00042416-00042590": "this glacial ice will fill the circ", "SS-kLhc6N60-00190-00042591-00042799": "until it overflows", "SS-kLhc6N60-00191-00042800-00043046": "through a geological weakness or vacancy", "SS-kLhc6N60-00192-00043047-00043302": "such as the gap between two mountains", "SS-kLhc6N60-00193-00043303-00043471": "when the mass of snow and ice is", "SS-kLhc6N60-00194-00043472-00043671": "sufficiently thick it begins to move due", "SS-kLhc6N60-00195-00043672-00043855": "to a combination of surface slope", "SS-kLhc6N60-00196-00043856-00044039": "gravity and pressure", "SS-kLhc6N60-00197-00044040-00044255": "on steeper slopes this can occur with as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00198-00044256-00044646": "little as 15 meters 50 feet of snow ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00199-00044647-00044871": "in temperate glaciers snow repeatedly", "SS-kLhc6N60-00200-00044872-00045102": "freezes and thaws changing into granular", "SS-kLhc6N60-00201-00045103-00045255": "ice called fern", "SS-kLhc6N60-00202-00045256-00045439": "under the pressure of the layers of ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00203-00045440-00045630": "and snow above it this granular ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00204-00045631-00045895": "fuses into denser and denser fern", "SS-kLhc6N60-00205-00045896-00046118": "over a period of years layers of fern", "SS-kLhc6N60-00206-00046119-00046311": "undergo further compaction and become", "SS-kLhc6N60-00207-00046312-00046462": "glacial ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00208-00046463-00046679": "glacier ice is slightly less dense than", "SS-kLhc6N60-00209-00046680-00046871": "ice formed from frozen water because it", "SS-kLhc6N60-00210-00046872-00047167": "contains tiny trapped air bubbles", "SS-kLhc6N60-00211-00047168-00047390": "glacial ice has a distinctive blue tint", "SS-kLhc6N60-00212-00047391-00047567": "because it absorbs some red light due to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00213-00047568-00047767": "an overtone of the infrared o stretching", "SS-kLhc6N60-00214-00047768-00047983": "mode of the water molecule", "SS-kLhc6N60-00215-00047984-00048230": "liquid water is blue for the same reason", "SS-kLhc6N60-00216-00048231-00048430": "the blue of glacier ice is sometimes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00217-00048431-00048639": "misattributed to rayleigh scattering due", "SS-kLhc6N60-00218-00048640-00049102": "to bubbles in the ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00219-00049103-00049607": "topic structure", "SS-kLhc6N60-00220-00049608-00049815": "a glacier originates at a location", "SS-kLhc6N60-00221-00049816-00050007": "called its glacier head and terminates", "SS-kLhc6N60-00222-00050008-00050343": "at its glacier foot snout or terminus", "SS-kLhc6N60-00223-00050344-00050558": "glaciers are broken into zones based on", "SS-kLhc6N60-00224-00050559-00050823": "surface snowpack and melt conditions", "SS-kLhc6N60-00225-00050824-00051007": "the ablation zone is the region where", "SS-kLhc6N60-00226-00051008-00051270": "there is a net loss in glacier mass", "SS-kLhc6N60-00227-00051271-00051470": "the equilibrium line separates the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00228-00051471-00051694": "ablation zone and the accumulation zone", "SS-kLhc6N60-00229-00051695-00051870": "it is the altitude where the amount of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00230-00051871-00052087": "new snow gained by accumulation is equal", "SS-kLhc6N60-00231-00052088-00052238": "to the amount of ice lost through", "SS-kLhc6N60-00232-00052239-00052358": "ablation", "SS-kLhc6N60-00233-00052359-00052535": "the upper part of a glacier where", "SS-kLhc6N60-00234-00052536-00052750": "accumulation exceeds ablation is called", "SS-kLhc6N60-00235-00052751-00052950": "the accumulation zone", "SS-kLhc6N60-00236-00052951-00053142": "in general the accumulation zone", "SS-kLhc6N60-00237-00053144-00053415": "accounts for 60 to 70 of the glacier's", "SS-kLhc6N60-00238-00053416-00053630": "surface area more if the glacier calves", "SS-kLhc6N60-00239-00053632-00053766": "icebergs", "SS-kLhc6N60-00240-00053767-00053966": "ice in the accumulation zone is deep", "SS-kLhc6N60-00241-00053967-00054150": "enough to exert a downward force that", "SS-kLhc6N60-00242-00054151-00054350": "erodes underlying rock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00243-00054351-00054559": "after a glacier melts it often leaves", "SS-kLhc6N60-00244-00054560-00054654": "behind a bowl or amphitheater", "SS-kLhc6N60-00245-00054655-00054830": "amphitheater-shaped depression that", "SS-kLhc6N60-00246-00054832-00055038": "ranges in size from large basins like", "SS-kLhc6N60-00247-00055039-00055199": "the great lakes to smaller mountain", "SS-kLhc6N60-00248-00055200-00055447": "depressions known as sirks", "SS-kLhc6N60-00249-00055448-00055671": "the accumulation zone can be subdivided", "SS-kLhc6N60-00250-00055672-00055919": "based on its melt conditions", "SS-kLhc6N60-00251-00055920-00056135": "the dry snow zone is a region where no", "SS-kLhc6N60-00252-00056136-00056326": "melt occurs even in the summer and the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00253-00056327-00056559": "snowpack remains dry", "SS-kLhc6N60-00254-00056560-00056759": "the percolation zone is an area with", "SS-kLhc6N60-00255-00056760-00056966": "some surface melt causing meltwater to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00256-00056967-00057175": "percolate into the snowpack", "SS-kLhc6N60-00257-00057176-00057391": "this zone is often marked by re-frozen", "SS-kLhc6N60-00258-00057391-00057654": "ice lenses glands and layers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00259-00057655-00057879": "the snowpack also never reaches melting", "SS-kLhc6N60-00260-00057879-00058007": "point", "SS-kLhc6N60-00261-00058008-00058175": "near the equilibrium line on some", "SS-kLhc6N60-00262-00058176-00058382": "glaciers a superimposed ice zone", "SS-kLhc6N60-00263-00058383-00058511": "develops", "SS-kLhc6N60-00264-00058512-00058719": "this zone is where meltwater refreezes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00265-00058720-00058926": "as a cold layer in the glacier forming a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00266-00058927-00059166": "continuous mass of ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00267-00059167-00059366": "the wet snow zone is the region where", "SS-kLhc6N60-00268-00059367-00059559": "all of the snow deposited since the end", "SS-kLhc6N60-00269-00059560-00059735": "of the previous summer has been raised", "SS-kLhc6N60-00270-00059736-00059950": "to zero degrees celsius the health of a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00271-00059951-00060119": "glacier is usually assessed by", "SS-kLhc6N60-00272-00060120-00060326": "determining the glacier-mass balance or", "SS-kLhc6N60-00273-00060327-00060550": "observing terminus behavior", "SS-kLhc6N60-00274-00060551-00060766": "healthy glaciers have large accumulation", "SS-kLhc6N60-00275-00060767-00061030": "zones more than 60 of their area snow", "SS-kLhc6N60-00276-00061032-00061199": "covered at the end of the melt season", "SS-kLhc6N60-00277-00061200-00061471": "and a terminus with vigorous flow", "SS-kLhc6N60-00278-00061472-00061663": "following the little ice ages end around", "SS-kLhc6N60-00279-00061664-00061887": "1850 glaciers around the earth have", "SS-kLhc6N60-00280-00061888-00062079": "retreated substantially", "SS-kLhc6N60-00281-00062079-00062279": "a slight cooling led to the advance of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00282-00062279-00062547": "many alpine glaciers between 1950 and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00283-00062548-00062894": "1985 but since 1985 glacier retreat and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00284-00062895-00063087": "mass loss has become larger and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00285-00063088-00063566": "increasingly ubiquitous", "SS-kLhc6N60-00286-00063567-00064054": "topic motion", "SS-kLhc6N60-00287-00064055-00064287": "glaciers move or flow downhill due to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00288-00064288-00064487": "gravity and the internal deformation of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00289-00064488-00064775": "ice ice behaves like a brittle solid", "SS-kLhc6N60-00290-00064776-00064975": "until its thickness exceeds about 50", "SS-kLhc6N60-00291-00064976-00065215": "meters 160 feet", "SS-kLhc6N60-00292-00065216-00065399": "the pressure on ice deeper than 50", "SS-kLhc6N60-00293-00065400-00065631": "meters causes plastic flow at the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00294-00065632-00065855": "molecular level ice consists of stacked", "SS-kLhc6N60-00295-00065856-00066063": "layers of molecules with relatively weak", "SS-kLhc6N60-00296-00066064-00066255": "bonds between layers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00297-00066256-00066415": "when the stress on the layer above", "SS-kLhc6N60-00298-00066416-00066623": "exceeds the inter-layer binding strength", "SS-kLhc6N60-00299-00066624-00066815": "it moves faster than the layer below", "SS-kLhc6N60-00300-00066816-00067103": "glaciers also move through basal sliding", "SS-kLhc6N60-00301-00067104-00067319": "in this process a glacier slides over", "SS-kLhc6N60-00302-00067320-00067519": "the terrain on which it sits lubricated", "SS-kLhc6N60-00303-00067520-00067750": "by the presence of liquid water", "SS-kLhc6N60-00304-00067751-00067959": "the water is created from ice that melts", "SS-kLhc6N60-00305-00067960-00068111": "under high pressure from frictional", "SS-kLhc6N60-00306-00068112-00068215": "heating", "SS-kLhc6N60-00307-00068216-00068438": "basal sliding is dominant in temperate", "SS-kLhc6N60-00308-00068439-00068687": "or warm based glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00309-00068688-00068887": "although evidence in favor of glacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00310-00068888-00069135": "flow was known by the early 19th century", "SS-kLhc6N60-00311-00069136-00069326": "other theories of glacial motion were", "SS-kLhc6N60-00312-00069327-00069519": "advanced such as the idea that melt", "SS-kLhc6N60-00313-00069520-00069750": "water refreezing inside glaciers caused", "SS-kLhc6N60-00314-00069751-00069943": "the glacier to dilate and extend its", "SS-kLhc6N60-00315-00069944-00070038": "length", "SS-kLhc6N60-00316-00070039-00070255": "as it became clear that glaciers behaved", "SS-kLhc6N60-00317-00070256-00070431": "to some degree as if the ice were a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00318-00070432-00070638": "viscous fluid it was argued that", "SS-kLhc6N60-00319-00070639-00070903": "regulation or the melting and refreezing", "SS-kLhc6N60-00320-00070904-00071103": "of ice at a temperature lowered by the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00321-00071104-00071287": "pressure on the ice inside the glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00322-00071288-00071482": "was what allowed the ice to deform and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00323-00071483-00071743": "flow james forbes came up with the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00324-00071744-00071935": "essentially correct explanation in the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00325-00071936-00072191": "1840s although it was several decades", "SS-kLhc6N60-00326-00072192-00072726": "before it was fully accepted", "SS-kLhc6N60-00327-00072727-00073215": "fracture zone and cracks", "SS-kLhc6N60-00328-00073216-00073543": "the top 50 meters 160 feet of a glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00329-00073544-00073694": "are rigid because they are under low", "SS-kLhc6N60-00330-00073695-00073806": "pressure", "SS-kLhc6N60-00331-00073807-00073975": "this upper section is known as the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00332-00073976-00074167": "fracture zone and moves mostly as a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00333-00074168-00074375": "single unit over the plastically flowing", "SS-kLhc6N60-00334-00074376-00074519": "lower section", "SS-kLhc6N60-00335-00074520-00074694": "when a glacier moves through irregular", "SS-kLhc6N60-00336-00074695-00074926": "terrain cracks called crevasses develop", "SS-kLhc6N60-00337-00074927-00075094": "in the fracture zone", "SS-kLhc6N60-00338-00075095-00075294": "crevasses form due to differences in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00339-00075295-00075567": "glacier velocity if two rigid sections", "SS-kLhc6N60-00340-00075568-00075759": "of a glacier move at different speeds", "SS-kLhc6N60-00341-00075760-00075967": "and directions sheer forces cause them", "SS-kLhc6N60-00342-00075968-00076223": "to break apart opening a crevasse", "SS-kLhc6N60-00343-00076224-00076503": "crevasses are seldom more than 46 meters", "SS-kLhc6N60-00344-00076504-00076791": "150 feet deep but in some cases can be", "SS-kLhc6N60-00345-00076792-00077135": "300 metres 1000 feet or even deeper", "SS-kLhc6N60-00346-00077136-00077343": "beneath this point the plasticity of the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00347-00077344-00077599": "ice is too great for cracks to form", "SS-kLhc6N60-00348-00077600-00077791": "intersecting crevasses can create", "SS-kLhc6N60-00349-00077792-00078135": "isolated peaks in the ice called cerax", "SS-kLhc6N60-00350-00078136-00078343": "crevasses can form in several different", "SS-kLhc6N60-00351-00078344-00078631": "ways transverse crevasses are transverse", "SS-kLhc6N60-00352-00078632-00078823": "to flow and form where steeper slopes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00353-00078824-00079055": "cause a glacier to accelerate", "SS-kLhc6N60-00354-00079056-00079231": "longitudinal crevasses form", "SS-kLhc6N60-00355-00079232-00079431": "semi-parallel to flow where a glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00356-00079432-00079615": "expands laterally", "SS-kLhc6N60-00357-00079616-00079815": "marginal crevasses form from the edge of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00358-00079816-00079982": "the glacier due to the reduction in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00359-00079983-00080175": "speed caused by friction of the valley", "SS-kLhc6N60-00360-00080176-00080287": "walls", "SS-kLhc6N60-00361-00080288-00080519": "marginal crevasses are usually largely", "SS-kLhc6N60-00362-00080520-00080775": "transverse to flow moving glacier ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00363-00080776-00080975": "can sometimes separate from stagnant ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00364-00080976-00081199": "above forming a bird shrund", "SS-kLhc6N60-00365-00081200-00081423": "bergshruns resemble crevasses but are", "SS-kLhc6N60-00366-00081424-00081735": "singular features at a glacier's margins", "SS-kLhc6N60-00367-00081736-00081943": "crevasses make travel over glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00368-00081944-00082103": "hazardous especially when they are", "SS-kLhc6N60-00369-00082104-00082375": "hidden by fragile snow bridges", "SS-kLhc6N60-00370-00082376-00082575": "below the equilibrium line glacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00371-00082576-00082775": "meltwater is concentrated in stream", "SS-kLhc6N60-00372-00082776-00082894": "channels", "SS-kLhc6N60-00373-00082895-00083111": "meltwater can pool in proglacial lakes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00374-00083112-00083303": "on top of a glacier or descend into the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00375-00083304-00083550": "depths of a glacier via moulins", "SS-kLhc6N60-00376-00083551-00083767": "streams within or beneath a glacier flow", "SS-kLhc6N60-00377-00083768-00084038": "in n-glacial or sub-glacial tunnels", "SS-kLhc6N60-00378-00084039-00084231": "these tunnels sometimes re-emerge at the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00379-00084232-00084662": "glacier's surface", "SS-kLhc6N60-00380-00084663-00085126": "topic speed", "SS-kLhc6N60-00381-00085127-00085318": "the speed of glacial displacement is", "SS-kLhc6N60-00382-00085319-00085543": "partly determined by friction friction", "SS-kLhc6N60-00383-00085544-00085694": "makes the ice at the bottom of the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00384-00085695-00085894": "glacier move more slowly than ice at the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00385-00085895-00085999": "top", "SS-kLhc6N60-00386-00086000-00086223": "in alpine glaciers friction is also", "SS-kLhc6N60-00387-00086224-00086447": "generated at the valley side walls which", "SS-kLhc6N60-00388-00086448-00086735": "slows the edges relative to the center", "SS-kLhc6N60-00389-00086736-00086926": "mean speeds vary greatly but is", "SS-kLhc6N60-00390-00086927-00087231": "typically around 1 meter 3 feet per day", "SS-kLhc6N60-00391-00087232-00087462": "there may be no motion in stagnant areas", "SS-kLhc6N60-00392-00087463-00087711": "for example in parts of alaska trees can", "SS-kLhc6N60-00393-00087712-00087911": "establish themselves on surface sediment", "SS-kLhc6N60-00394-00087912-00088047": "deposits", "SS-kLhc6N60-00395-00088048-00088287": "in other cases glaciers can move as fast", "SS-kLhc6N60-00396-00088288-00088606": "as 20 to 30 meters 70 to 100 feet per", "SS-kLhc6N60-00397-00088607-00088815": "day such as in greenland's jacobs haven", "SS-kLhc6N60-00398-00088816-00089111": "isbre greenlandic cermek kujalek", "SS-kLhc6N60-00399-00089112-00089359": "velocity increases with increasing slope", "SS-kLhc6N60-00400-00089360-00089606": "increasing thickness increasing snowfall", "SS-kLhc6N60-00401-00089607-00089815": "increasing longitudinal confinement", "SS-kLhc6N60-00402-00089816-00090031": "increasing basal temperature increasing", "SS-kLhc6N60-00403-00090032-00090231": "meltwater production and reduced bed", "SS-kLhc6N60-00404-00090232-00090382": "hardness", "SS-kLhc6N60-00405-00090383-00090582": "a few glaciers have periods of very", "SS-kLhc6N60-00406-00090583-00090831": "rapid advancement called surges these", "SS-kLhc6N60-00407-00090832-00091038": "glaciers exhibit normal movement until", "SS-kLhc6N60-00408-00091039-00091231": "suddenly they accelerate then return to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00409-00091232-00091399": "their previous state", "SS-kLhc6N60-00410-00091400-00091575": "during these surges the glacier may", "SS-kLhc6N60-00411-00091576-00091782": "reach velocities far greater than normal", "SS-kLhc6N60-00412-00091783-00091894": "speed", "SS-kLhc6N60-00413-00091895-00092111": "these surges may be caused by failure of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00414-00092112-00092303": "the underlying bedrock the pooling of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00415-00092304-00092526": "meltwater at the base of the glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00416-00092527-00092718": "perhaps delivered from a superglacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00417-00092719-00092974": "lake or the simple accumulation of mass", "SS-kLhc6N60-00418-00092975-00093255": "beyond a critical tipping point", "SS-kLhc6N60-00419-00093256-00093526": "temporary rates up to 90 meters 300 feet", "SS-kLhc6N60-00420-00093527-00093694": "per day have occurred when increased", "SS-kLhc6N60-00421-00093695-00093911": "temperature or overlying pressure caused", "SS-kLhc6N60-00422-00093912-00094079": "bottom ice to melt in water to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00423-00094080-00094318": "accumulate beneath a glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00424-00094319-00094526": "in glaciated areas where the glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00425-00094527-00094759": "moves faster than one kilometer per year", "SS-kLhc6N60-00426-00094760-00094967": "glacial earthquakes occur", "SS-kLhc6N60-00427-00094968-00095150": "these are large-scale earthquakes that", "SS-kLhc6N60-00428-00095151-00095494": "have seismic magnitudes as high as 6.1", "SS-kLhc6N60-00429-00095495-00095687": "the number of glacial earthquakes in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00430-00095688-00095887": "greenland peaks every year in july", "SS-kLhc6N60-00431-00095888-00096071": "august and september and increased", "SS-kLhc6N60-00432-00096072-00096391": "rapidly in the 1990s and 2000s", "SS-kLhc6N60-00433-00096392-00096711": "in a study using data from january 1993", "SS-kLhc6N60-00434-00096712-00096967": "through october 2005 more events were", "SS-kLhc6N60-00435-00096968-00097238": "detected every year since 2002 and twice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00436-00097239-00097503": "as many events were recorded in 2005 as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00437-00097504-00098023": "there were in any other year", "SS-kLhc6N60-00438-00098024-00098438": "ogives", "SS-kLhc6N60-00439-00098439-00098687": "ogives or forbes bands are alternating", "SS-kLhc6N60-00440-00098688-00098894": "wave crests and valleys that appear as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00441-00098895-00099094": "dark and light bands of ice on glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00442-00099095-00099223": "surfaces", "SS-kLhc6N60-00443-00099224-00099391": "they are linked to seasonal motion of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00444-00099392-00099599": "glaciers the width of one dark and one", "SS-kLhc6N60-00445-00099600-00099791": "light band generally equals the annual", "SS-kLhc6N60-00446-00099792-00099974": "movement of the glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00447-00099975-00100191": "ogives are formed when ice from an ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00448-00100192-00100391": "fall is severely broken up increasing", "SS-kLhc6N60-00449-00100392-00100662": "ablation surface area during summer", "SS-kLhc6N60-00450-00100663-00100887": "this creates a swale and space for snow", "SS-kLhc6N60-00451-00100888-00101094": "accumulation in the winter which in turn", "SS-kLhc6N60-00452-00101095-00101255": "creates a ridge", "SS-kLhc6N60-00453-00101256-00101462": "sometimes ogives consist only of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00454-00101463-00101655": "undulations or color bands and are", "SS-kLhc6N60-00455-00101656-00102335": "described as wave ogives or band ogives", "SS-kLhc6N60-00456-00102336-00102790": "geography", "SS-kLhc6N60-00457-00102791-00102999": "glaciers are present on every continent", "SS-kLhc6N60-00458-00103000-00103239": "and approximately 50 countries excluding", "SS-kLhc6N60-00459-00103240-00103478": "those australia south africa that have", "SS-kLhc6N60-00460-00103479-00103702": "glaciers only on distant subantarctic", "SS-kLhc6N60-00461-00103703-00103878": "island territories", "SS-kLhc6N60-00462-00103879-00104047": "extensive glaciers are found in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00463-00104048-00104366": "antarctica chile canada alaska greenland", "SS-kLhc6N60-00464-00104367-00104494": "and iceland", "SS-kLhc6N60-00465-00104495-00104686": "mountain glaciers are widespread", "SS-kLhc6N60-00466-00104688-00104902": "especially in the andes the himalayas", "SS-kLhc6N60-00467-00104903-00105095": "the rocky mountains the caucasus", "SS-kLhc6N60-00468-00105096-00105358": "scandinavian mountains and the alps", "SS-kLhc6N60-00469-00105359-00105590": "mainland australia currently contains no", "SS-kLhc6N60-00470-00105591-00105783": "glaciers although a small glacier on", "SS-kLhc6N60-00471-00105783-00105999": "mount kosciusko was present in the last", "SS-kLhc6N60-00472-00106000-00106158": "glacial period", "SS-kLhc6N60-00473-00106159-00106390": "in new guinea small rapidly diminishing", "SS-kLhc6N60-00474-00106391-00106575": "glaciers are located on its highest", "SS-kLhc6N60-00475-00106576-00106839": "summit massif of punchok jaya", "SS-kLhc6N60-00476-00106840-00107086": "africa has glaciers on mount kilimanjaro", "SS-kLhc6N60-00477-00107088-00107295": "in tanzania on mount kenya and in the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00478-00107296-00107534": "ruinsouri mountains oceanic islands with", "SS-kLhc6N60-00479-00107535-00107751": "glaciers include iceland several of the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00480-00107752-00107910": "islands off the coast of norway", "SS-kLhc6N60-00481-00107911-00108151": "including svalbard and january mayan to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00482-00108152-00108319": "the far north new zealand and the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00483-00108320-00108543": "sub-antarctic islands of marion heard", "SS-kLhc6N60-00484-00108544-00108839": "grande terra kurgulen and buuvay", "SS-kLhc6N60-00485-00108840-00109071": "during glacial periods of the quaternary", "SS-kLhc6N60-00486-00109072-00109366": "taiwan hawaii on mauna kea and tenerife", "SS-kLhc6N60-00487-00109367-00109590": "also had large alpine glaciers while the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00488-00109591-00109751": "pharaoh and crozet islands were", "SS-kLhc6N60-00489-00109752-00109966": "completely glaciated", "SS-kLhc6N60-00490-00109967-00110175": "the permanent snow cover necessary for", "SS-kLhc6N60-00491-00110176-00110407": "glacier formation is affected by factors", "SS-kLhc6N60-00492-00110408-00110607": "such as the degree of slope on the land", "SS-kLhc6N60-00493-00110608-00110854": "amount of snowfall and the winds", "SS-kLhc6N60-00494-00110855-00111063": "glaciers can be found in all latitudes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00495-00111064-00111319": "except from 20 degrees to 27 degrees", "SS-kLhc6N60-00496-00111320-00111510": "north and south of the equator where the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00497-00111511-00111671": "presence of the descending limb of the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00498-00111672-00111919": "hadley circulation lowers precipitation", "SS-kLhc6N60-00499-00111920-00112119": "so much that with high insulation snow", "SS-kLhc6N60-00500-00112120-00112243": "lines reach above", "SS-kLhc6N60-00501-00112244-00112695": "6500 meters 21 330 feet", "SS-kLhc6N60-00502-00112696-00112966": "between 19n and 19s however", "SS-kLhc6N60-00503-00112967-00113175": "precipitation is higher in the mountains", "SS-kLhc6N60-00504-00113176-00113378": "above 5000 metres", "SS-kLhc6N60-00505-00113379-00113766": "16400 feet usually have permanent snow", "SS-kLhc6N60-00506-00113767-00113999": "even at high latitudes glacier formation", "SS-kLhc6N60-00507-00114000-00114254": "is not inevitable areas of the arctic", "SS-kLhc6N60-00508-00114255-00114471": "such as banks island and the mcmurdo dry", "SS-kLhc6N60-00509-00114472-00114671": "valleys in antarctica are considered", "SS-kLhc6N60-00510-00114672-00114895": "polar deserts where glaciers cannot form", "SS-kLhc6N60-00511-00114896-00115063": "because they receive little snowfall", "SS-kLhc6N60-00512-00115064-00115247": "despite the bitter cold", "SS-kLhc6N60-00513-00115248-00115495": "cold air unlike warm air is unable to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00514-00115496-00115727": "transport much water vapor", "SS-kLhc6N60-00515-00115728-00115895": "even during glacial periods of the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00516-00115896-00116190": "quaternary manchuria lowland siberia and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00517-00116191-00116366": "central and northern alaska though", "SS-kLhc6N60-00518-00116367-00116566": "extraordinarily cold had such light", "SS-kLhc6N60-00519-00116567-00116783": "snowfall that glaciers could not form in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00520-00116783-00117015": "addition to the dry unglaciated polar", "SS-kLhc6N60-00521-00117016-00117231": "regions some mountains and volcanoes in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00522-00117232-00117499": "bolivia chile and argentina are high", "SS-kLhc6N60-00523-00117500-00118143": "4500 to 6900 meters or 14 800 to 22 600", "SS-kLhc6N60-00524-00118144-00118343": "feet and cold but the relative lack of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00525-00118344-00118519": "precipitation prevents snow from", "SS-kLhc6N60-00526-00118520-00118743": "accumulating into glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00527-00118744-00118927": "this is because these peaks are located", "SS-kLhc6N60-00528-00118928-00119583": "near or in the hyperarid atacama desert", "SS-kLhc6N60-00529-00119583-00120071": "glacial geology", "SS-kLhc6N60-00530-00120072-00120254": "glaciers erode terrain through two", "SS-kLhc6N60-00531-00120255-00120483": "principle processes abrasion and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00532-00120483-00120790": "plucking as glaciers flow over bedrock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00533-00120791-00120990": "they soften and lift blocks of rock into", "SS-kLhc6N60-00534-00120991-00121119": "the ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00535-00121120-00121334": "this process called plucking is caused", "SS-kLhc6N60-00536-00121335-00121534": "by sub-glacial water that penetrates", "SS-kLhc6N60-00537-00121535-00121686": "fractures in the bedrock and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00538-00121688-00121958": "subsequently freezes and expands", "SS-kLhc6N60-00539-00121959-00122183": "this expansion causes the ice to act as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00540-00122183-00122383": "a lever that loosens the rock by lifting", "SS-kLhc6N60-00541-00122383-00122463": "it", "SS-kLhc6N60-00542-00122464-00122702": "thus sediments of all sizes become part", "SS-kLhc6N60-00543-00122703-00122871": "of the glacier's load", "SS-kLhc6N60-00544-00122872-00123047": "if a retreating glacier gains enough", "SS-kLhc6N60-00545-00123048-00123278": "debris it may become a rock glacier like", "SS-kLhc6N60-00546-00123279-00123558": "the tympanogos glacier in utah", "SS-kLhc6N60-00547-00123559-00123743": "abrasion occurs when the ice and its", "SS-kLhc6N60-00548-00123744-00123919": "load of rock fragments slide over", "SS-kLhc6N60-00549-00123920-00124127": "bedrock and function as sandpaper", "SS-kLhc6N60-00550-00124128-00124295": "smoothing and polishing the bedrock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00551-00124296-00124407": "below", "SS-kLhc6N60-00552-00124408-00124590": "the pulverized rock this process", "SS-kLhc6N60-00553-00124591-00124790": "produces is called rock flower and is", "SS-kLhc6N60-00554-00124791-00125134": "made up of rock grains between 0.002", "SS-kLhc6N60-00555-00125135-00125283": "and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00556-00125283-00125583": "0.00625 millimeters in size", "SS-kLhc6N60-00557-00125583-00125799": "abrasion leads to steeper valley walls", "SS-kLhc6N60-00558-00125800-00126007": "and mountain slopes in alpine settings", "SS-kLhc6N60-00559-00126008-00126199": "which can cause avalanches and rock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00560-00126200-00126399": "slides which add even more material to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00561-00126400-00126558": "the glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00562-00126559-00126727": "glacial abrasion is commonly", "SS-kLhc6N60-00563-00126728-00126966": "characterized by glacial striations", "SS-kLhc6N60-00564-00126967-00127166": "glaciers produce these when they contain", "SS-kLhc6N60-00565-00127167-00127383": "large boulders that carve long scratches", "SS-kLhc6N60-00566-00127383-00127527": "in the bedrock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00567-00127528-00127663": "by mapping the direction of the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00568-00127664-00127878": "striations researchers can determine the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00569-00127879-00128119": "direction of the glacier's movement", "SS-kLhc6N60-00570-00128120-00128334": "similar to striations are chatter marks", "SS-kLhc6N60-00571-00128335-00128527": "lines of crescent-shaped depressions in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00572-00128528-00128751": "the rock underlying a glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00573-00128752-00128919": "they are formed by abrasion when", "SS-kLhc6N60-00574-00128920-00129102": "boulders in the glacier are repeatedly", "SS-kLhc6N60-00575-00129103-00129263": "caught and released as they are dragged", "SS-kLhc6N60-00576-00129264-00129447": "along the bedrock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00577-00129448-00129695": "the rate of glacier erosion varies", "SS-kLhc6N60-00578-00129696-00129990": "six factors control erosion rate", "SS-kLhc6N60-00579-00129991-00130247": "velocity of glacial movement", "SS-kLhc6N60-00580-00130248-00130447": "thickness of the ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00581-00130448-00130654": "shape abundance and hardness of rock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00582-00130655-00130823": "fragments contained in the ice at the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00583-00130824-00131023": "bottom of the glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00584-00131024-00131231": "relative ease of erosion of the surface", "SS-kLhc6N60-00585-00131232-00131399": "under the glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00586-00131400-00131687": "thermal conditions at the glacier base", "SS-kLhc6N60-00587-00131688-00131887": "permeability and water pressure at the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00588-00131888-00132078": "glacier base when the bedrock has", "SS-kLhc6N60-00589-00132079-00132247": "frequent fractures on the surface", "SS-kLhc6N60-00590-00132248-00132463": "glacial erosion rates tend to increase", "SS-kLhc6N60-00591-00132464-00132671": "as plucking is the main erosive force on", "SS-kLhc6N60-00592-00132672-00132871": "the surface when the bedrock has wide", "SS-kLhc6N60-00593-00132872-00133119": "gaps between sporadic fractures however", "SS-kLhc6N60-00594-00133120-00133278": "abrasion tends to be the dominant", "SS-kLhc6N60-00595-00133279-00133511": "erosive form and glacial erosion rates", "SS-kLhc6N60-00596-00133512-00133759": "become slow glaciers in lower latitudes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00597-00133760-00133911": "tend to be much more erosive than", "SS-kLhc6N60-00598-00133912-00134102": "glaciers in higher latitudes because", "SS-kLhc6N60-00599-00134103-00134271": "they have more meltwater reaching the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00600-00134272-00134471": "glacial base and facilitate sediment", "SS-kLhc6N60-00601-00134472-00134671": "production and transport under the same", "SS-kLhc6N60-00602-00134672-00134895": "moving speed and amount of ice material", "SS-kLhc6N60-00603-00134896-00135102": "that becomes incorporated in a glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00604-00135103-00135287": "is typically carried as far as the zone", "SS-kLhc6N60-00605-00135288-00135551": "of ablation before being deposited", "SS-kLhc6N60-00606-00135552-00135751": "glacial deposits are of two distinct", "SS-kLhc6N60-00607-00135752-00135887": "types", "SS-kLhc6N60-00608-00135888-00136151": "glacial till material directly deposited", "SS-kLhc6N60-00609-00136152-00136319": "from glacial ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00610-00136320-00136463": "till includes a mixture of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00611-00136464-00136678": "indifferentiated material ranging from", "SS-kLhc6N60-00612-00136679-00136871": "clay size to boulders the usual", "SS-kLhc6N60-00613-00136872-00137102": "composition of a moraine", "SS-kLhc6N60-00614-00137103-00137343": "fluvial and outwash sediments sediments", "SS-kLhc6N60-00615-00137344-00137599": "deposited by water these deposits are", "SS-kLhc6N60-00616-00137600-00137871": "stratified by size larger pieces of rock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00617-00137872-00138071": "that are encrusted until are deposited", "SS-kLhc6N60-00618-00138072-00138271": "on the surface are called glacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00619-00138272-00138407": "erratics", "SS-kLhc6N60-00620-00138408-00138590": "they range in size from pebbles to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00621-00138591-00138751": "boulders but as they are often moved", "SS-kLhc6N60-00622-00138752-00138966": "great distances they may be drastically", "SS-kLhc6N60-00623-00138967-00139143": "different from the material upon which", "SS-kLhc6N60-00624-00139144-00139278": "they are found", "SS-kLhc6N60-00625-00139279-00139471": "patterns of glacial erratics hint at", "SS-kLhc6N60-00626-00139472-00139990": "past glacial motions", "SS-kLhc6N60-00627-00139991-00140399": "moraines", "SS-kLhc6N60-00628-00140400-00140566": "glacial moraines are formed by the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00629-00140567-00140775": "deposition of material from a glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00630-00140776-00140959": "and are exposed after the glacier has", "SS-kLhc6N60-00631-00140960-00141078": "retreated", "SS-kLhc6N60-00632-00141079-00141278": "they usually appear as linear mounds of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00633-00141279-00141535": "till a non-sorted mixture of rock gravel", "SS-kLhc6N60-00634-00141536-00141727": "and boulders within a matrix of a fine", "SS-kLhc6N60-00635-00141728-00141902": "powdery material", "SS-kLhc6N60-00636-00141903-00142095": "terminal or end moraines are formed at", "SS-kLhc6N60-00637-00142096-00142359": "the foot or terminal end of a glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00638-00142360-00142551": "lateral moraines are formed on the sides", "SS-kLhc6N60-00639-00142552-00142766": "of the glacier medial moraines are", "SS-kLhc6N60-00640-00142767-00142966": "formed when two different glaciers merge", "SS-kLhc6N60-00641-00142967-00143111": "and the lateral moraines of each", "SS-kLhc6N60-00642-00143112-00143302": "coalesce to form a moraine in the middle", "SS-kLhc6N60-00643-00143303-00143502": "of the combined glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00644-00143503-00143719": "less apparent are ground moraines also", "SS-kLhc6N60-00645-00143720-00143887": "called glacial drift which often", "SS-kLhc6N60-00646-00143888-00144047": "blankets the surface underneath the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00647-00144048-00144239": "glacier downslope from the equilibrium", "SS-kLhc6N60-00648-00144240-00144359": "line", "SS-kLhc6N60-00649-00144360-00144607": "the term moraine is a french origin it", "SS-kLhc6N60-00650-00144608-00144775": "was coined by peasants to describe", "SS-kLhc6N60-00651-00144776-00144975": "alluvial embankments and rims found near", "SS-kLhc6N60-00652-00144976-00145151": "the margins of glaciers in the french", "SS-kLhc6N60-00653-00145152-00145263": "alps", "SS-kLhc6N60-00654-00145264-00145495": "in modern geology the term is used more", "SS-kLhc6N60-00655-00145496-00145702": "broadly and is applied to a series of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00656-00145703-00145911": "formations all of which are composed of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00657-00145912-00146014": "till", "SS-kLhc6N60-00658-00146015-00146231": "moraines can also create moraine-dammed", "SS-kLhc6N60-00659-00146232-00146663": "lakes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00660-00146664-00147071": "drumlands", "SS-kLhc6N60-00661-00147072-00147295": "drumlands are asymmetrical canoe-shaped", "SS-kLhc6N60-00662-00147296-00147519": "hills made mainly of till their heights", "SS-kLhc6N60-00663-00147520-00147759": "vary from 15 to 50 meters and they can", "SS-kLhc6N60-00664-00147760-00147951": "reach a kilometer in length", "SS-kLhc6N60-00665-00147952-00148159": "the steepest side of the hill faces the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00666-00148160-00148343": "direction from which the ice advanced", "SS-kLhc6N60-00667-00148344-00148566": "stas while a longer slope is left in the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00668-00148567-00148839": "ice's direction of movement lee", "SS-kLhc6N60-00669-00148840-00149023": "drumlands are found in groups called", "SS-kLhc6N60-00670-00149024-00149287": "drumlin fields or drumlin camps one of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00671-00149288-00149495": "these fields is found east of rochester", "SS-kLhc6N60-00672-00149496-00149678": "new york it is estimated to contain", "SS-kLhc6N60-00673-00149679-00149926": "about 10 000 drumlands", "SS-kLhc6N60-00674-00149927-00150087": "although the process that forms", "SS-kLhc6N60-00675-00150088-00150295": "drumlands is not fully understood their", "SS-kLhc6N60-00676-00150296-00150463": "shape implies that they are products of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00677-00150464-00150678": "the plastic deformation zone of ancient", "SS-kLhc6N60-00678-00150679-00150807": "glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00679-00150808-00150999": "it is believed that many drumlins were", "SS-kLhc6N60-00680-00151000-00151199": "formed when glaciers advanced over and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00681-00151200-00151743": "altered the deposits of earlier glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00682-00151744-00152031": "topic glacial valleys sirks arretts and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00683-00152032-00152487": "pyramidal peaks", "SS-kLhc6N60-00684-00152488-00152719": "before glaciation mountain valleys have", "SS-kLhc6N60-00685-00152720-00152847": "a characteristic", "SS-kLhc6N60-00686-00152848-00152943": "v", "SS-kLhc6N60-00687-00152944-00153199": "shape produced by eroding water during", "SS-kLhc6N60-00688-00153200-00153399": "glaciation these valleys are often", "SS-kLhc6N60-00689-00153400-00153659": "widened deepened and smooth to form a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00690-00153660-00153902": "u-shaped glacial valley or glacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00691-00153903-00154151": "trough as it is sometimes called", "SS-kLhc6N60-00692-00154152-00154383": "the erosion that creates glacial valleys", "SS-kLhc6N60-00693-00154384-00154583": "truncates any spurs of rock or earth", "SS-kLhc6N60-00694-00154584-00154766": "that may have earlier extended across", "SS-kLhc6N60-00695-00154767-00154919": "the valley creating broadly", "SS-kLhc6N60-00696-00154920-00155078": "triangular-shaped cliffs called", "SS-kLhc6N60-00697-00155079-00155254": "truncated spurs", "SS-kLhc6N60-00698-00155255-00155463": "within glacial valleys depressions", "SS-kLhc6N60-00699-00155464-00155671": "created by plucking an abrasion can be", "SS-kLhc6N60-00700-00155672-00155966": "filled by lakes called paternoster lakes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00701-00155967-00156175": "if a glacial valley runs into a large", "SS-kLhc6N60-00702-00156176-00156471": "body of water it forms a fjord", "SS-kLhc6N60-00703-00156472-00156663": "typically glaciers deepen their valleys", "SS-kLhc6N60-00704-00156664-00156878": "more than their smaller tributaries", "SS-kLhc6N60-00705-00156879-00157071": "therefore when glaciers recede the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00706-00157072-00157287": "valleys of the tributary glaciers remain", "SS-kLhc6N60-00707-00157288-00157463": "above the main glacier's depression and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00708-00157464-00157678": "are called hanging valleys", "SS-kLhc6N60-00709-00157679-00157895": "at the start of a classic valley glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00710-00157896-00158102": "is a bowl-shaped circ which has escarped", "SS-kLhc6N60-00711-00158103-00158319": "walls on three sides but is open on the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00712-00158320-00158559": "side that descends into the valley", "SS-kLhc6N60-00713-00158560-00158702": "cirques are where ice begins to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00714-00158703-00158943": "accumulate in a glacier two glacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00715-00158944-00159151": "cirques may form back to back and erode", "SS-kLhc6N60-00716-00159152-00159326": "their back walls until only a narrow", "SS-kLhc6N60-00717-00159327-00159543": "ridge called in a reed is left", "SS-kLhc6N60-00718-00159544-00159726": "this structure may result in a mountain", "SS-kLhc6N60-00719-00159727-00159983": "pass if multiple cirques encircle a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00720-00159984-00160159": "single mountain they create pointed", "SS-kLhc6N60-00721-00160160-00160366": "pyramidal peaks particularly steep", "SS-kLhc6N60-00722-00160367-00160895": "examples are called horns", "SS-kLhc6N60-00723-00160896-00161335": "roche mutinase", "SS-kLhc6N60-00724-00161336-00161559": "passage of glacial ice over an area of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00725-00161560-00161726": "bedrock may cause the rock to be", "SS-kLhc6N60-00726-00161727-00161895": "sculpted into a knoll called a roche", "SS-kLhc6N60-00727-00161896-00162126": "mutant a or sheep back", "SS-kLhc6N60-00728-00162127-00162390": "rock roche mutinase may be elongated", "SS-kLhc6N60-00729-00162391-00162623": "rounded and asymmetrical in shape they", "SS-kLhc6N60-00730-00162624-00162807": "range in length from less than a meter", "SS-kLhc6N60-00731-00162808-00163039": "to several hundred meters long", "SS-kLhc6N60-00732-00163040-00163239": "roche mutinase have a gentle slope on", "SS-kLhc6N60-00733-00163240-00163423": "their up glacier sides and a steep to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00734-00163424-00163599": "vertical face on their down glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00735-00163600-00163711": "sides", "SS-kLhc6N60-00736-00163712-00163919": "the glacier abrades the smooth slope on", "SS-kLhc6N60-00737-00163920-00164135": "the upstream side as it flows along but", "SS-kLhc6N60-00738-00164136-00164343": "tears rock fragments loose and carries", "SS-kLhc6N60-00739-00164344-00164535": "them away from the downstream side via", "SS-kLhc6N60-00740-00164536-00164966": "plucking", "SS-kLhc6N60-00741-00164967-00165447": "alluvial stratification", "SS-kLhc6N60-00742-00165448-00165599": "as the water that rises from the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00743-00165600-00165766": "ablation zone moves away from the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00744-00165767-00165999": "glacier it carries fine eroded sediments", "SS-kLhc6N60-00745-00166000-00166095": "with it", "SS-kLhc6N60-00746-00166096-00166302": "as the speed of the water decreases so", "SS-kLhc6N60-00747-00166303-00166511": "does its capacity to carry objects in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00748-00166512-00166638": "suspension", "SS-kLhc6N60-00749-00166639-00166854": "the water thus gradually deposits the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00750-00166855-00167078": "sediment as it runs creating an alluvial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00751-00167079-00167183": "plane", "SS-kLhc6N60-00752-00167184-00167399": "when this phenomenon occurs in a valley", "SS-kLhc6N60-00753-00167400-00167614": "it is called a valley train", "SS-kLhc6N60-00754-00167615-00167838": "when the deposition is in an estuary the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00755-00167839-00168078": "sediments are known as bay mud", "SS-kLhc6N60-00756-00168079-00168287": "outwash plains and valley trains are", "SS-kLhc6N60-00757-00168288-00168535": "usually accompanied by basins known as", "SS-kLhc6N60-00758-00168536-00168671": "kettles", "SS-kLhc6N60-00759-00168672-00168871": "these are small lakes formed when large", "SS-kLhc6N60-00760-00168872-00169054": "ice blocks that are trapped in alluvium", "SS-kLhc6N60-00761-00169055-00169207": "melt and produce water-filled", "SS-kLhc6N60-00762-00169208-00169351": "depressions", "SS-kLhc6N60-00763-00169352-00169590": "kettle diameters range from 5 meters to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00764-00169591-00169854": "13 kilometers with depths of up to 45", "SS-kLhc6N60-00765-00169855-00169975": "meters", "SS-kLhc6N60-00766-00169976-00170166": "most are circular in shape because the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00767-00170167-00170319": "blocks of ice that formed them were", "SS-kLhc6N60-00768-00170320-00170823": "rounded as they melted", "SS-kLhc6N60-00769-00170824-00171271": "glacial deposits", "SS-kLhc6N60-00770-00171272-00171463": "when a glacier's size shrinks below a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00771-00171464-00171663": "critical point its flow stops and it", "SS-kLhc6N60-00772-00171664-00171847": "becomes stationary", "SS-kLhc6N60-00773-00171848-00172054": "meanwhile meltwater within and beneath", "SS-kLhc6N60-00774-00172055-00172238": "the ice leaves stratified alluvial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00775-00172239-00172383": "deposits", "SS-kLhc6N60-00776-00172384-00172614": "these deposits in the forms of columns", "SS-kLhc6N60-00777-00172615-00172814": "terraces and clusters remain after the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00778-00172815-00173047": "glacier melts and are known as glacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00779-00173048-00173271": "deposits", "SS-kLhc6N60-00780-00173272-00173471": "glacial deposits that take the shape of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00781-00173472-00173711": "hills or mounds are called caims", "SS-kLhc6N60-00782-00173712-00173943": "some canes form when meltwater deposits", "SS-kLhc6N60-00783-00173944-00174087": "sediments through openings in the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00784-00174088-00174271": "interior of the ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00785-00174272-00174487": "others are produced by fans or deltas", "SS-kLhc6N60-00786-00174488-00174726": "created by meltwater when the glacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00787-00174727-00174926": "ice occupies a valley it can form", "SS-kLhc6N60-00788-00174927-00175119": "terraces or canes along the sides of the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00789-00175120-00175263": "valley", "SS-kLhc6N60-00790-00175264-00175502": "long sinuous glacial deposits are called", "SS-kLhc6N60-00791-00175503-00175759": "eskers eskers are composed of sand and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00792-00175760-00175983": "gravel that was deposited by meltwater", "SS-kLhc6N60-00793-00175984-00176159": "streams that flowed through ice tunnels", "SS-kLhc6N60-00794-00176160-00176366": "within or beneath a glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00795-00176367-00176543": "they remain after the ice melts with", "SS-kLhc6N60-00796-00176544-00176759": "heights exceeding 100 meters and lengths", "SS-kLhc6N60-00797-00176760-00177278": "of as long as 100 kilometers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00798-00177279-00177807": "topic lowest deposits", "SS-kLhc6N60-00799-00177808-00178007": "very fine glacial sediments or rock", "SS-kLhc6N60-00800-00178008-00178190": "flower is often picked up by wind", "SS-kLhc6N60-00801-00178191-00178383": "blowing over the bare surface and may be", "SS-kLhc6N60-00802-00178384-00178566": "deposited great distances from the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00803-00178567-00178823": "original fluvial deposition site", "SS-kLhc6N60-00804-00178824-00179071": "these aeolian loess deposits may be very", "SS-kLhc6N60-00805-00179072-00179311": "deep even hundreds of metres as in areas", "SS-kLhc6N60-00806-00179312-00179502": "of china and the midwestern united", "SS-kLhc6N60-00807-00179503-00179663": "states of america", "SS-kLhc6N60-00808-00179664-00179878": "katabatic winds can be important in this", "SS-kLhc6N60-00809-00179879-00180359": "process", "SS-kLhc6N60-00810-00180360-00180863": "isostatic rebound", "SS-kLhc6N60-00811-00180864-00181071": "large masses such as ice sheets or", "SS-kLhc6N60-00812-00181072-00181247": "glaciers can depress the crust of the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00813-00181248-00181407": "earth into the mantle", "SS-kLhc6N60-00814-00181408-00181614": "the depression usually totals a third of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00815-00181615-00181863": "the ice sheet or glacier's thickness", "SS-kLhc6N60-00816-00181864-00182071": "after the ice sheet or glacier melts the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00817-00182072-00182238": "mantle begins to flow back to its", "SS-kLhc6N60-00818-00182239-00182454": "original position pushing the crust back", "SS-kLhc6N60-00819-00182455-00182543": "up", "SS-kLhc6N60-00820-00182544-00182766": "this postglacial rebound which proceeds", "SS-kLhc6N60-00821-00182767-00182975": "very slowly after the melting of the ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00822-00182976-00183175": "sheet or glacier is currently occurring", "SS-kLhc6N60-00823-00183176-00183383": "in measurable amounts in scandinavia and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00824-00183384-00183671": "the great lakes region of north america", "SS-kLhc6N60-00825-00183672-00183902": "a geomorphological feature created by", "SS-kLhc6N60-00826-00183903-00184119": "the same process on a smaller scale is", "SS-kLhc6N60-00827-00184120-00184326": "known as dilation faulting", "SS-kLhc6N60-00828-00184327-00184526": "it occurs where previously compressed", "SS-kLhc6N60-00829-00184527-00184678": "rock is allowed to return to its", "SS-kLhc6N60-00830-00184679-00184871": "original shape more rapidly than can be", "SS-kLhc6N60-00831-00184872-00185071": "maintained without faulting", "SS-kLhc6N60-00832-00185072-00185254": "this leads to an effect similar to what", "SS-kLhc6N60-00833-00185255-00185431": "would be seen if the rock were hit by a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00834-00185432-00185575": "large hammer", "SS-kLhc6N60-00835-00185576-00185759": "dilation faulting can be observed in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00836-00185760-00185983": "recently deglaciated parts of iceland", "SS-kLhc6N60-00837-00185984-00186471": "and cumbria", "SS-kLhc6N60-00838-00186472-00186911": "on mars", "SS-kLhc6N60-00839-00186912-00187166": "the polar ice caps of mars show geologic", "SS-kLhc6N60-00840-00187167-00187399": "evidence of glacial deposits", "SS-kLhc6N60-00841-00187400-00187599": "the south polar cap is especially", "SS-kLhc6N60-00842-00187600-00187799": "comparable to glaciers on earth", "SS-kLhc6N60-00843-00187800-00187999": "topographical features and computer", "SS-kLhc6N60-00844-00188000-00188199": "models indicate the existence of more", "SS-kLhc6N60-00845-00188200-00188454": "glaciers in mars past at mid-latitudes", "SS-kLhc6N60-00846-00188455-00188759": "between 35 degrees and 65 degrees north", "SS-kLhc6N60-00847-00188760-00188959": "or south martian glaciers are affected", "SS-kLhc6N60-00848-00188960-00189214": "by the thin martian atmosphere because", "SS-kLhc6N60-00849-00189215-00189438": "of the low atmospheric pressure ablation", "SS-kLhc6N60-00850-00189439-00189607": "near the surface is solely due to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00851-00189608-00189814": "sublimation not melting", "SS-kLhc6N60-00852-00189815-00190014": "as on earth many glaciers are covered", "SS-kLhc6N60-00853-00190015-00190199": "with a layer of rocks which insulates", "SS-kLhc6N60-00854-00190200-00190319": "the ice", "SS-kLhc6N60-00855-00190320-00190526": "a radar instrument on board the mars", "SS-kLhc6N60-00856-00190527-00190735": "reconnaissance orbiter found ice under a", "SS-kLhc6N60-00857-00190736-00190959": "thin layer of rocks in formations called", "SS-kLhc6N60-00858-00190960-00191271": "lobate debris aprons ldas", "SS-kLhc6N60-00859-00191272-00191447": "the pictures below illustrate how", "SS-kLhc6N60-00860-00191448-00191654": "landscape features on mars closely", "SS-kLhc6N60-00861-00191655-00191863": "resemble those on the earth", "SS-kLhc6N60-00862-00191864-00192111": "topic see also glacial landform glacial", "SS-kLhc6N60-00863-00192112-00192278": "motion glacier growing glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00864-00192279-00192543": "morphology glaciology ice dam retreat of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00865-00192544-00192799": "glaciers since 1850 list of glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00866-00192800-00192990": "topic notes topic references this", "SS-kLhc6N60-00867-00192991-00193126": "article draws heavily on the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00868-00193127-00193326": "corresponding article in the spanish", "SS-kLhc6N60-00869-00193327-00193543": "language wikipedia which was accessed in", "SS-kLhc6N60-00870-00193544-00193902": "the version of the 24th of july 2005.", "SS-kLhc6N60-00871-00193903-00194319": "hambri michael aleene jerg 2004 glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00872-00194320-00194702": "2nd ed cambridge university press isbno", "SS-kLhc6N60-00873-00194703-00195026": "521", "SS-kLhc6N60-00874-00195027-00195631": "oclc 54371738", "SS-kLhc6N60-00875-00195632-00195838": "an excellent less technical treatment of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00876-00195839-00196071": "all aspects with superb photographs and", "SS-kLhc6N60-00877-00196072-00196263": "first-hand accounts of glaciologists", "SS-kLhc6N60-00878-00196264-00196414": "experiences", "SS-kLhc6N60-00879-00196415-00196607": "all images of this book can be found", "SS-kLhc6N60-00880-00196608-00196887": "online see weblinks glaciers online ben", "SS-kLhc6N60-00881-00196888-00197311": "douglas i evans david j a 1999", "SS-kLhc6N60-00882-00197312-00197631": "glaciers and glaciation arnold isbn", "SS-kLhc6N60-00883-00197632-00198019": "0-470-23651-5", "SS-kLhc6N60-00884-00198020-00198590": "oclc 38329570", "SS-kLhc6N60-00885-00198591-00199014": "bennett m r glasser nf 1996", "SS-kLhc6N60-00886-00199015-00199319": "glacial geology ice sheets and landforms", "SS-kLhc6N60-00887-00199320-00199990": "john wiley and sons isbno 471-963445", "SS-kLhc6N60-00888-00199991-00200559": "oclc 3355900", "SS-kLhc6N60-00889-00200560-00200975": "hambri michael 1994 glacial environments", "SS-kLhc6N60-00890-00200976-00201263": "university of british columbia press ucl", "SS-kLhc6N60-00891-00201264-00201347": "press", "SS-kLhc6N60-00892-00201348-00201811": "isbno 774805102", "SS-kLhc6N60-00893-00201812-00202343": "oclc 305124475", "SS-kLhc6N60-00894-00202344-00202590": "an undergraduate level textbook knight", "SS-kLhc6N60-00895-00202591-00203038": "peter g 1999 glaciers cheltenham nelson", "SS-kLhc6N60-00896-00203039-00203378": "thorns isbn 0-7487", "SS-kLhc6N60-00897-00203379-00203550": "4007", "SS-kLhc6N60-00898-00203551-00204143": "oclc 42656957", "SS-kLhc6N60-00899-00204144-00204359": "a textbook for undergraduates avoiding", "SS-kLhc6N60-00900-00204360-00204611": "mathematical complexities wally robert", "SS-kLhc6N60-00901-00204612-00204790": "1992", "SS-kLhc6N60-00902-00204791-00205158": "introduction to physical geography w m c", "SS-kLhc6N60-00903-00205159-00205423": "brown publishers a textbook devoted to", "SS-kLhc6N60-00904-00205423-00205703": "explaining the geography of our planet w", "SS-kLhc6N60-00905-00205704-00206071": "s b patterson 1994 physics of glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00906-00206071-00206727": "3rd ed pergamon press isbn 0080139728", "SS-kLhc6N60-00907-00206728-00207103": "oclc 26188", "SS-kLhc6N60-00908-00207104-00207262": "a comprehensive reference on the", "SS-kLhc6N60-00909-00207263-00207494": "physical principles underlying formation", "SS-kLhc6N60-00910-00207496-00207758": "and behavior topic further reading moon", "SS-kLhc6N60-00911-00207759-00208071": "twyla saying goodbye to glaciers science", "SS-kLhc6N60-00912-00208071-00208346": "the 12th of may 2017 vol", "SS-kLhc6N60-00913-00208348-00208594": "356 issue", "SS-kLhc6N60-00914-00208596-00208890": "6338 pp", "SS-kLhc6N60-00915-00208891-00209279": "580-581 doi 10.1126", "SS-kLhc6N60-00916-00209280-00209582": "science.org 9625", "SS-kLhc6N60-00917-00209583-00209782": "topic external links global glacier", "SS-kLhc6N60-00918-00209783-00210006": "changes facts and figures", "SS-kLhc6N60-00919-00210007-00210271": "united nations environment program unip", "SS-kLhc6N60-00920-00210271-00210542": "2008 a report in the global environment", "SS-kLhc6N60-00921-00210544-00210742": "outlook geo series", "SS-kLhc6N60-00922-00210744-00210982": "glacial structures photo atlas now on", "SS-kLhc6N60-00923-00210983-00211263": "pbs on thin ice photo project tracks", "SS-kLhc6N60-00924-00211264-00211575": "changes in himalayan glaciers since 1921", "SS-kLhc6N60-00925-00211576-00211815": "short radio episode california glaciers", "SS-kLhc6N60-00926-00211816-00212006": "from the mountains of california by john", "SS-kLhc6N60-00927-00212007-00212231": "muir 1894", "SS-kLhc6N60-00928-00212232-00212479": "california legacy project dynamics of", "SS-kLhc6N60-00929-00212480-00212798": "glaciers glechoverglike ch before after", "SS-kLhc6N60-00930-00212800-00213183": "images by simon oberle"}}, {"audio_id": "STde5HdOHCg", "text": {"STde5HdOHCg-00000-00000003-00000169": "video McConnachie not like they like", "STde5HdOHCg-00001-00000170-00000361": "button click Chandi Miranda video and", "STde5HdOHCg-00002-00000362-00000557": "upon that Aniki die Jesse subscribe to", "STde5HdOHCg-00003-00000558-00000779": "Andy"}}, {"audio_id": "STpL-oeJu8g", "text": {"STpL-oeJu8g-00000-00000062-00000403": "Science and Technology in Burkina Faso", "STpL-oeJu8g-00001-00000404-00000665": "summarizes developments and trends in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00002-00000666-00000986": "this field in burkina faso since 2010", "STpL-oeJu8g-00003-00000986-00001190": "and places them in their sub regional", "STpL-oeJu8g-00004-00001191-00001813": "context", "STpL-oeJu8g-00005-00001814-00002552": "topic socio-economic context", "STpL-oeJu8g-00006-00002553-00002826": "Burkina Faso is striving to achieve", "STpL-oeJu8g-00007-00002827-00003233": "middle income status by 2030 gross", "STpL-oeJu8g-00008-00003234-00003588": "domestic product GDP per capita has", "STpL-oeJu8g-00009-00003589-00003956": "risen steadily over the past decade to", "STpL-oeJu8g-00010-00003957-00004302": "1720 dollars and 10 cents in purchasing", "STpL-oeJu8g-00011-00004303-00004638": "power parity dollars in 2016 according", "STpL-oeJu8g-00012-00004639-00004779": "to the World Bank", "STpL-oeJu8g-00013-00004780-00005031": "thanks to consistently strong economic", "STpL-oeJu8g-00014-00005032-00005277": "growth that peaked at over 8 percent in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00015-00005278-00005667": "2010 after slowing to 4 percent per year", "STpL-oeJu8g-00016-00005668-00006018": "in 2014 the economy is expected to", "STpL-oeJu8g-00017-00006019-00006240": "return to an annual growth rate of more", "STpL-oeJu8g-00018-00006241-00006690": "than 6 percent in the coming years 1 the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00019-00006691-00006912": "economy remains dominated by the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00020-00006913-00007209": "services sector which contributed almost", "STpL-oeJu8g-00021-00007209-00007728": "half 48% of GDP in 2013 the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00022-00007729-00008004": "manufacturing sector plays a modest role", "STpL-oeJu8g-00023-00008005-00008420": "in the economy contributing 6% of GDP", "STpL-oeJu8g-00024-00008421-00008810": "the top three export products in 2012", "STpL-oeJu8g-00025-00008811-00009035": "were cotton forty four point nine", "STpL-oeJu8g-00026-00009036-00009299": "percent of exports gold in unwrought", "STpL-oeJu8g-00027-00009300-00009591": "forms twenty nine point four percent and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00028-00009592-00009891": "gold in semi manufactured forms five", "STpL-oeJu8g-00029-00009892-00010116": "point four percent according to the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00030-00010117-00010544": "African Development Bank Burkina Faso as", "STpL-oeJu8g-00031-00010545-00010760": "one of a handful of West African", "STpL-oeJu8g-00032-00010761-00010927": "countries which have raised public", "STpL-oeJu8g-00033-00010928-00011205": "expenditure on agriculture to at least", "STpL-oeJu8g-00034-00011206-00011499": "10 percent of GDP the target of the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00035-00011500-00011819": "Maputo declaration 2003 which was", "STpL-oeJu8g-00036-00011820-00012057": "reasserted in 2014", "STpL-oeJu8g-00037-00012058-00012312": "burkina faso had a population of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00038-00012313-00012735": "seventeen point four million in 2014 the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00039-00012736-00012951": "country is experiencing rapid", "STpL-oeJu8g-00040-00012952-00013382": "demographic growth 2.8 percent in 2014", "STpL-oeJu8g-00041-00013383-00013824": "life expectancy at birth was 56 years in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00042-00013825-00014372": "2014 just 4.4 percent of the population", "STpL-oeJu8g-00043-00014374-00014708": "had access to Internet in 2014 but two", "STpL-oeJu8g-00044-00014709-00015060": "thirds of the population 67 percent had", "STpL-oeJu8g-00045-00015061-00015461": "a mobile phone subscription Burkina Faso", "STpL-oeJu8g-00046-00015462-00015771": "has ranked 181st on the Human", "STpL-oeJu8g-00047-00015772-00015927": "Development Index", "STpL-oeJu8g-00048-00015928-00016257": "2013 and 102nd on the global innovation", "STpL-oeJu8g-00049-00016258-00016815": "index 2015 burkina faso as a member of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00050-00016816-00017013": "both the Economic Community of West", "STpL-oeJu8g-00051-00017014-00017316": "African states ECOWAS and the West", "STpL-oeJu8g-00052-00017317-00017597": "African economic and monetary union", "STpL-oeJu8g-00053-00017598-00018290": "waa EMU", "STpL-oeJu8g-00054-00018291-00019215": "topic education", "STpL-oeJu8g-00055-00019216-00019805": "topic enrollment trends", "STpL-oeJu8g-00056-00019806-00020075": "the considerable efforts made in West", "STpL-oeJu8g-00057-00020076-00020264": "Africa to reach the Millennium", "STpL-oeJu8g-00058-00020265-00020469": "Development Goal of primary education", "STpL-oeJu8g-00059-00020470-00020720": "for all are paying off with the average", "STpL-oeJu8g-00060-00020721-00020997": "enrollment rate having risen from 88", "STpL-oeJu8g-00061-00020998-00021303": "percent to 93 percent in the sub region", "STpL-oeJu8g-00062-00021304-00021744": "between 2004 and 2012 according to the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00063-00021745-00022116": "ECOWAS annual report 2012 enrollment has", "STpL-oeJu8g-00064-00022117-00022408": "increased by as much as 20 percent since", "STpL-oeJu8g-00065-00022409-00022739": "2004 in four countries Benin Burkina", "STpL-oeJu8g-00066-00022740-00023121": "Faso Cote d'Ivoire and Niger by 2012", "STpL-oeJu8g-00067-00023122-00023466": "burkina faso had an 85 percent gross", "STpL-oeJu8g-00068-00023467-00023740": "enrolment rate for primary education", "STpL-oeJu8g-00069-00023741-00024180": "this dropped to 26% at secondary level", "STpL-oeJu8g-00070-00024181-00024752": "and to 4.5% at tertiary level since 2009", "STpL-oeJu8g-00071-00024753-00025074": "enrollment rates have increased from 78", "STpL-oeJu8g-00072-00025075-00025422": "percent 20 percent and 3.5 percent", "STpL-oeJu8g-00073-00025423-00025793": "respectively in burkina faso however", "STpL-oeJu8g-00074-00025794-00026024": "more than half of children were still", "STpL-oeJu8g-00075-00026025-00026343": "not completing the primary cycle in 2012", "STpL-oeJu8g-00076-00026344-00026625": "burkina faso has one of africa's highest", "STpL-oeJu8g-00077-00026626-00026915": "levels of public expenditure on higher", "STpL-oeJu8g-00078-00026916-00027377": "education at 0.9 3 percent of GDP in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00079-00027377-00027671": "2013 according to the UNESCO Institute", "STpL-oeJu8g-00080-00027672-00028101": "for statistics this represents 22", "STpL-oeJu8g-00081-00028102-00028346": "percent of the education budget and as", "STpL-oeJu8g-00082-00028347-00028946": "up from 0.7 4 percent of GDP in 2006 19", "STpL-oeJu8g-00083-00028947-00029158": "percent of the education budget", "STpL-oeJu8g-00084-00029159-00029414": "University student rolls doubled in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00085-00029415-00029861": "Burkina Faso between 2007 and 2012", "STpL-oeJu8g-00086-00029862-00030183": "burkina faso has one of the sub-regions", "STpL-oeJu8g-00087-00030183-00030570": "highest ratios of PhD students one in 20", "STpL-oeJu8g-00088-00030570-00030981": "graduates goes on to enroll in a PhD the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00089-00030982-00031251": "number of PhDs in engineering fields", "STpL-oeJu8g-00090-00031252-00031595": "remained low 58 in 2012 but there had", "STpL-oeJu8g-00091-00031597-00031862": "been none at all five years earlier", "STpL-oeJu8g-00092-00031863-00032154": "burkina faso trains a much greater", "STpL-oeJu8g-00093-00032155-00032406": "number of PhDs in the field of health", "STpL-oeJu8g-00094-00032407-00032601": "than its neighbors", "STpL-oeJu8g-00095-00032602-00033015": "in 2012 one in three PhD candidates in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00096-00033016-00033270": "health sciences was a women compared to", "STpL-oeJu8g-00097-00033271-00033501": "about one in five in science and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00098-00033502-00033759": "engineering before he died in December", "STpL-oeJu8g-00099-00033760-00034095": "2013 Nelson Mandela a champion of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00100-00034096-00034376": "education lent his name to to graduate", "STpL-oeJu8g-00101-00034377-00034626": "universities entrusted with the mission", "STpL-oeJu8g-00102-00034627-00034893": "of producing a new generation of Africa", "STpL-oeJu8g-00103-00034894-00035124": "focused researchers the African", "STpL-oeJu8g-00104-00035125-00035388": "Institutes of science and technology in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00105-00035389-00035766": "Tanzania and Nigeria a third is planned", "STpL-oeJu8g-00106-00035767-00036072": "for Burkina Faso table university", "STpL-oeJu8g-00107-00036073-00036342": "student enrollment in burkina faso by", "STpL-oeJu8g-00108-00036343-00036933": "field in 2007 and 2012 source unesco", "STpL-oeJu8g-00109-00036934-00037391": "science report towards 2030 2015 table", "STpL-oeJu8g-00110-00037392-00037959": "18.4 table west african PhD students by", "STpL-oeJu8g-00111-00037960-00038316": "field of science and engineering 2007", "STpL-oeJu8g-00112-00038317-00038799": "and 2012 our closest year source unesco", "STpL-oeJu8g-00113-00038800-00039243": "science report towards 2030 2015 table", "STpL-oeJu8g-00114-00039244-00039867": "18 5", "STpL-oeJu8g-00115-00039868-00040574": "topic designated centers of excellence", "STpL-oeJu8g-00116-00040575-00040949": "in 2012 the West African economic and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00117-00040950-00041082": "monetary union", "STpL-oeJu8g-00118-00041083-00041451": "waa EMU designated 14 centers of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00119-00041452-00041608": "excellence in the region", "STpL-oeJu8g-00120-00041609-00041957": "this label entitles these institutions", "STpL-oeJu8g-00121-00041958-00042299": "to financial support from waa EMU for a", "STpL-oeJu8g-00122-00042300-00042611": "two-year period four of these are in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00123-00042612-00042926": "Burkina Faso International Institute of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00124-00042927-00043096": "water and environmental engineering", "STpL-oeJu8g-00125-00043097-00043468": "higher Institute of population sciences", "STpL-oeJu8g-00126-00043469-00043710": "international center for research and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00127-00043711-00043943": "development into animal husbandry in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00128-00043944-00044151": "subtropical zones and the center for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00129-00044152-00044426": "research in biological and food science", "STpL-oeJu8g-00130-00044427-00044771": "and nutrition in April 2014 the World", "STpL-oeJu8g-00131-00044772-00044999": "Bank launched the African Centers of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00132-00045000-00045345": "Excellence project eight government's", "STpL-oeJu8g-00133-00045346-00045638": "are to receive a total of almost 150", "STpL-oeJu8g-00134-00045639-00045863": "million dollars in loans to fund", "STpL-oeJu8g-00135-00045864-00046095": "research and training at 19 of the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00136-00046096-00046454": "sub-regions best universities one of the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00137-00046455-00046688": "selected centers of excellence as the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00138-00046689-00046926": "International Institute of water and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00139-00046927-00047168": "environmental engineering in Burkina", "STpL-oeJu8g-00140-00047169-00047251": "Faso", "STpL-oeJu8g-00141-00047252-00047615": "the Association of African universities", "STpL-oeJu8g-00142-00047616-00047864": "has received World Bank funding for the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00143-00047865-00048137": "purpose of co-ordinating the project and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00144-00048138-00048361": "knowledge sharing among all 19", "STpL-oeJu8g-00145-00048362-00048743": "participating universities burkina faso", "STpL-oeJu8g-00146-00048744-00048998": "will be receiving eight million dollars", "STpL-oeJu8g-00147-00048999-00049242": "in loans the same amount as Benin", "STpL-oeJu8g-00148-00049243-00049611": "Cameroon and Togo Nigeria will be", "STpL-oeJu8g-00149-00049612-00049958": "receiving 70 million dollars Ghana 24", "STpL-oeJu8g-00150-00049959-00050243": "million dollars Senegal 16 million", "STpL-oeJu8g-00151-00050244-00050507": "dollars in Gambia 2 million dollars", "STpL-oeJu8g-00152-00050508-00050732": "within the framework of its policy on", "STpL-oeJu8g-00153-00050733-00051107": "science and technology East COP OST", "STpL-oeJu8g-00154-00051108-00051362": "ECOWAS intends to establish several", "STpL-oeJu8g-00155-00051363-00051596": "centers of excellence of its own on a", "STpL-oeJu8g-00156-00051597-00051917": "competitive basis", "STpL-oeJu8g-00157-00051919-00052217": "topic trends in science policy in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00158-00052219-00052554": "January 2011 the government created the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00159-00052554-00052785": "Ministry of scientific research and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00160-00052786-00053160": "innovation up until then management of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00161-00053161-00053444": "science technology and innovation had", "STpL-oeJu8g-00162-00053445-00053687": "fallen under the Department of secondary", "STpL-oeJu8g-00163-00053688-00053900": "and higher education and scientific", "STpL-oeJu8g-00164-00053901-00054266": "research within this ministry the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00165-00054267-00054476": "Directorate General for research in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00166-00054477-00054719": "sector statistics is responsible for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00167-00054720-00055100": "planning a separate body the Directorate", "STpL-oeJu8g-00168-00055101-00055324": "General of scientific research", "STpL-oeJu8g-00169-00055325-00055616": "technology and innovation coordinates", "STpL-oeJu8g-00170-00055617-00055955": "research this is a departure from the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00171-00055956-00056138": "pattern in many other West African", "STpL-oeJu8g-00172-00056139-00056417": "countries where a single body fulfills", "STpL-oeJu8g-00173-00056418-00056748": "both functions it is a sign of the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00174-00056749-00056969": "government's intention to make science", "STpL-oeJu8g-00175-00056970-00057251": "and technology a development priority in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00176-00057252-00057491": "2012 burkina faso", "STpL-oeJu8g-00177-00057492-00057794": "adopted a national policy for scientific", "STpL-oeJu8g-00178-00057795-00058047": "and technical research the strategic", "STpL-oeJu8g-00179-00058048-00058319": "objectives of which are to develop R&D", "STpL-oeJu8g-00180-00058320-00058487": "and the application and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00181-00058488-00058736": "commercialization of research results", "STpL-oeJu8g-00182-00058737-00059073": "the policy also makes provisions for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00183-00059074-00059300": "strengthening the ministry's strategic", "STpL-oeJu8g-00184-00059301-00059646": "and operational capacities one of the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00185-00059647-00059879": "key priorities is to improve food", "STpL-oeJu8g-00186-00059880-00060131": "security and self-sufficiency by", "STpL-oeJu8g-00187-00060132-00060392": "boosting capacity in agricultural and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00188-00060393-00060788": "environmental sciences the creation of a", "STpL-oeJu8g-00189-00060789-00060948": "center of excellence at the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00190-00060949-00061179": "international institute of water and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00191-00061179-00061446": "environmental engineering in Wagga dugu", "STpL-oeJu8g-00192-00061447-00061688": "within the World Bank project cited", "STpL-oeJu8g-00193-00061689-00061911": "above provides essential funding for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00194-00061912-00062148": "capacity building in these priority", "STpL-oeJu8g-00195-00062149-00062496": "areas a dual priority is to promote", "STpL-oeJu8g-00196-00062497-00062741": "innovative effective and accessible", "STpL-oeJu8g-00197-00062742-00063048": "health systems the growing number of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00198-00063049-00063287": "doctoral candidates in medicine and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00199-00063288-00063516": "related fields as a step in the right", "STpL-oeJu8g-00200-00063516-00063812": "direction the government wishes to", "STpL-oeJu8g-00201-00063813-00064149": "develop in parallel Applied Sciences and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00202-00064150-00064462": "technology and social and Human Sciences", "STpL-oeJu8g-00203-00064463-00064740": "to complement the national research", "STpL-oeJu8g-00204-00064741-00064988": "policy the government has prepared a", "STpL-oeJu8g-00205-00064989-00065201": "national strategy to popularize", "STpL-oeJu8g-00206-00065202-00065304": "technology", "STpL-oeJu8g-00207-00065304-00065637": "geez inventions and innovations 2012 and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00208-00065638-00065961": "a national innovation strategy 2014", "STpL-oeJu8g-00209-00065962-00066267": "other policies also incorporate science", "STpL-oeJu8g-00210-00066268-00066567": "and technology such as that on secondary", "STpL-oeJu8g-00211-00066568-00066780": "and higher education and scientific", "STpL-oeJu8g-00212-00066781-00067140": "research 2010 the national policy on", "STpL-oeJu8g-00213-00067141-00067500": "food and nutrition security 2014 and the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00214-00067501-00067738": "national program for the rural sector", "STpL-oeJu8g-00215-00067739-00068172": "2011 in 2013 burkina faso passed the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00216-00068173-00068447": "science technology and innovation act", "STpL-oeJu8g-00217-00068448-00068685": "establishing three mechanisms for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00218-00068686-00068910": "financing research and innovation a", "STpL-oeJu8g-00219-00068911-00069119": "clear indication of high level", "STpL-oeJu8g-00220-00069120-00069435": "commitment these mechanisms are the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00221-00069436-00069693": "National Fund for education and research", "STpL-oeJu8g-00222-00069694-00069924": "the National Fund for research and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00223-00069925-00070169": "innovation for development and the forum", "STpL-oeJu8g-00224-00070170-00070446": "of scientific research and technological", "STpL-oeJu8g-00225-00070447-00070740": "innovation funding comes from the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00226-00070741-00070962": "National budget and various annual", "STpL-oeJu8g-00227-00070963-00071381": "subsidies 0.2 percent of tax revenue 1", "STpL-oeJu8g-00228-00071382-00071646": "percent of mining revenue and 1 percent", "STpL-oeJu8g-00229-00071647-00071856": "of the revenue from operating mobile", "STpL-oeJu8g-00230-00071857-00072231": "phone licenses the funds also benefit", "STpL-oeJu8g-00231-00072232-00072498": "from royalties on sales from the results", "STpL-oeJu8g-00232-00072499-00072696": "of research in the patent license", "STpL-oeJu8g-00233-00072697-00072942": "agreement concerning inventions funded", "STpL-oeJu8g-00234-00072943-00073263": "by the public purse the creation of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00235-00073264-00073457": "national funds for research and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00236-00073458-00073599": "development as one of the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00237-00073600-00073941": "recommendations of EcoP OST the other", "STpL-oeJu8g-00238-00073942-00074187": "most important actors in research are", "STpL-oeJu8g-00239-00074188-00074426": "the National Center for scientific and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00240-00074427-00074700": "technological Research Institute for the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00241-00074701-00074926": "environment and Agricultural Research", "STpL-oeJu8g-00242-00074927-00075203": "National Agency for biodiversity", "STpL-oeJu8g-00243-00075204-00075488": "National Council for Fito genetic", "STpL-oeJu8g-00244-00075489-00075735": "resources management and the Technical", "STpL-oeJu8g-00245-00075736-00076085": "Secretariat for atomic energy", "STpL-oeJu8g-00246-00076086-00076319": "responsibility for technology transfer", "STpL-oeJu8g-00247-00076320-00076568": "and the popularization of research", "STpL-oeJu8g-00248-00076569-00076860": "results falls to the national agency for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00249-00076861-00077073": "the promotion of research results and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00250-00077074-00077322": "the national center for scientific and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00251-00077323-00078019": "technological research", "STpL-oeJu8g-00252-00078020-00078975": "topic research trends", "STpL-oeJu8g-00253-00078976-00079695": "topic financial investment in research", "STpL-oeJu8g-00254-00079696-00079992": "eko ask countries still have a long way", "STpL-oeJu8g-00255-00079993-00080211": "to go to reach the African Union's", "STpL-oeJu8g-00256-00080212-00080556": "target of devoting 1% of GDP to gross", "STpL-oeJu8g-00257-00080557-00080805": "domestic expenditure on research and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00258-00080806-00081234": "development GERD Mali comes closest zero", "STpL-oeJu8g-00259-00081235-00081612": "point six six percent of GDP in 2010", "STpL-oeJu8g-00260-00081613-00081954": "followed by Senegal zero point five four", "STpL-oeJu8g-00261-00081955-00082335": "percent of GDP in 2010 and Ghana zero", "STpL-oeJu8g-00262-00082336-00082775": "point three zero percent of GDP in 2010", "STpL-oeJu8g-00263-00082776-00083121": "burkina faso devoted zero point two zero", "STpL-oeJu8g-00264-00083122-00083646": "percent of gdp to research in 2009 the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00265-00083647-00083910": "strong economic growth experienced by", "STpL-oeJu8g-00266-00083911-00084144": "the sub-region in recent years makes it", "STpL-oeJu8g-00267-00084145-00084395": "harder to improve the gerd gdp ratio", "STpL-oeJu8g-00268-00084396-00084753": "since gdp keeps rising although the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00269-00084754-00084927": "government is the main source of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00270-00084928-00085182": "research expenditure in West Africa", "STpL-oeJu8g-00271-00085183-00085449": "foreign sources contribute a sizable", "STpL-oeJu8g-00272-00085450-00085851": "chunk in Ghana 31 percent Senegal 41", "STpL-oeJu8g-00273-00085852-00086696": "percent and Burkina Faso 60 percent", "STpL-oeJu8g-00274-00086697-00087382": "topic human investment in research", "STpL-oeJu8g-00275-00087383-00087760": "in 2010 burkina faso counted 48", "STpL-oeJu8g-00276-00087761-00088050": "researchers in full-time equivalents per", "STpL-oeJu8g-00277-00088051-00088407": "million inhabitants this compares with", "STpL-oeJu8g-00278-00088408-00088832": "39 per million in Ghana 2010 and Nigeria", "STpL-oeJu8g-00279-00088833-00089344": "2007 and 361 per million in Senegal 2010", "STpL-oeJu8g-00280-00089345-00089700": "in burkina faso almost half of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00281-00089701-00090025": "researchers 46% are employed in the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00282-00090026-00090271": "health sector table researchers", "STpL-oeJu8g-00283-00090272-00090573": "full-time equivalents in burkina faso", "STpL-oeJu8g-00284-00090574-00091078": "2010 source unesco science report", "STpL-oeJu8g-00285-00091079-00092039": "towards 2030 2015 table 18 5", "STpL-oeJu8g-00286-00092040-00092634": "topic research output", "STpL-oeJu8g-00287-00092635-00092946": "when it comes to scientific publications", "STpL-oeJu8g-00288-00092947-00093195": "West Africa has not progressed as", "STpL-oeJu8g-00289-00093196-00093402": "quickly as the rest of the continent", "STpL-oeJu8g-00290-00093403-00093843": "since 2005 output remains low with only", "STpL-oeJu8g-00291-00093844-00094155": "Gambia and Cabo Verde publishing more", "STpL-oeJu8g-00292-00094156-00094386": "than 50 articles per million inhabitants", "STpL-oeJu8g-00293-00094387-00094881": "in 2014 the figure for burkina faso was", "STpL-oeJu8g-00294-00094882-00095241": "16 per million inhabitants the average", "STpL-oeJu8g-00295-00095242-00095520": "for sub-saharan Africa was 20 and the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00296-00095521-00095856": "global average was 176 per million", "STpL-oeJu8g-00297-00095857-00096153": "inhabitants of note is that burkina faso", "STpL-oeJu8g-00298-00096154-00096372": "counts among the top closest", "STpL-oeJu8g-00299-00096373-00096579": "collaborators for the following West", "STpL-oeJu8g-00300-00096580-00096872": "African countries Cote d'Ivoire Mali", "STpL-oeJu8g-00301-00096873-00097389": "Senegal and Togo between 2008 and 2014", "STpL-oeJu8g-00302-00097390-00097692": "the top collaborators for scientists", "STpL-oeJu8g-00303-00097693-00097965": "from burkina faso came from France the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00304-00097966-00098319": "United States the United Kingdom Belgium", "STpL-oeJu8g-00305-00098320-00098918": "and Germany", "STpL-oeJu8g-00306-00098919-00099309": "topic Regional Science and Technology", "STpL-oeJu8g-00307-00099310-00099739": "Policy", "STpL-oeJu8g-00308-00099740-00100019": "burkina faso as a member of the Economic", "STpL-oeJu8g-00309-00100020-00100370": "Community of West African states ECOWAS", "STpL-oeJu8g-00310-00100371-00100841": "in 2011 ECOWAS adopted a policy on", "STpL-oeJu8g-00311-00100842-00101366": "science and technology East Co P OST Co", "STpL-oeJu8g-00312-00101367-00101651": "P OST as an integral part of the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00313-00101652-00101870": "sub-regions Development blueprint to", "STpL-oeJu8g-00314-00101871-00102389": "2020 entitled vision 2020 vision 2020", "STpL-oeJu8g-00315-00102390-00102617": "proposes a roadmap for improving", "STpL-oeJu8g-00316-00102618-00102886": "governance accelerating economic and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00317-00102888-00103123": "monetary integration and fostering", "STpL-oeJu8g-00318-00103124-00103508": "public-private partnerships it endorses", "STpL-oeJu8g-00319-00103508-00103742": "the planned harmonization of investment", "STpL-oeJu8g-00320-00103743-00103991": "laws in West Africa and suggests", "STpL-oeJu8g-00321-00103992-00104243": "pursuing with vigor the creation of a", "STpL-oeJu8g-00322-00104244-00104554": "regional Investment Promotion agency", "STpL-oeJu8g-00323-00104555-00104828": "countries are urged to promote efficient", "STpL-oeJu8g-00324-00104829-00105050": "viable small and medium sized", "STpL-oeJu8g-00325-00105051-00105320": "enterprises and to expose traditional", "STpL-oeJu8g-00326-00105321-00105550": "agriculture to modern technology", "STpL-oeJu8g-00327-00105551-00105821": "entrepreneurship and innovation in order", "STpL-oeJu8g-00328-00105822-00106199": "to improve productivity EcoP OST", "STpL-oeJu8g-00329-00106200-00106424": "provides a framework for member states", "STpL-oeJu8g-00330-00106425-00106670": "wishing to improve or elaborate for the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00331-00106671-00106931": "first time their own national policies", "STpL-oeJu8g-00332-00106932-00107236": "and action plans for science technology", "STpL-oeJu8g-00333-00107238-00107708": "and innovation importantly EcoP OST", "STpL-oeJu8g-00334-00107708-00107954": "includes a mechanism for monitoring and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00335-00107955-00108227": "evaluating the policies implementation", "STpL-oeJu8g-00336-00108228-00108629": "an aspect often overlooked EcoP OST", "STpL-oeJu8g-00337-00108630-00108878": "advocates the development of a science", "STpL-oeJu8g-00338-00108879-00109052": "culture in all sectors of society", "STpL-oeJu8g-00339-00109053-00109346": "including through science popularization", "STpL-oeJu8g-00340-00109347-00109676": "the dissemination of research results in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00341-00109677-00109933": "local and international journals the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00342-00109933-00110120": "commercialization of research results", "STpL-oeJu8g-00343-00110121-00110474": "greater technology transfer intellectual", "STpL-oeJu8g-00344-00110475-00110783": "property protection stronger university", "STpL-oeJu8g-00345-00110783-00111005": "industry ties and the enhancement of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00346-00111006-00111663": "traditional knowledge", "STpL-oeJu8g-00347-00111664-00112343": "topic regional research centers", "STpL-oeJu8g-00348-00112344-00112703": "Burkina Faso hosts the African biosafety", "STpL-oeJu8g-00349-00112704-00113063": "Network of expertise it is also a member", "STpL-oeJu8g-00350-00113064-00113288": "of several regional research centers", "STpL-oeJu8g-00351-00113289-00114024": "which have been set up since 2010", "STpL-oeJu8g-00352-00114025-00114395": "topic Center for renewable energy and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00353-00114396-00114869": "energy efficiency", "STpL-oeJu8g-00354-00114870-00115118": "the United Nations industrial", "STpL-oeJu8g-00355-00115119-00115295": "development organization", "STpL-oeJu8g-00356-00115296-00115591": "UNIDO established the ECOWAS center for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00357-00115592-00115783": "renewable energy and energy efficiency", "STpL-oeJu8g-00358-00115783-00116200": "east sea' reee in Praia the capital of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00359-00116201-00116623": "cabo verde in 2010 the center has been", "STpL-oeJu8g-00360-00116624-00116863": "established within the United Nations", "STpL-oeJu8g-00361-00116864-00117223": "sustainable energy for all program the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00362-00117224-00117415": "mission of the center is to create", "STpL-oeJu8g-00363-00117416-00117640": "favourable framework conditions for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00364-00117641-00117856": "renewable energy and energy efficiency", "STpL-oeJu8g-00365-00117857-00118147": "markets in the 15 member states of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00366-00118148-00118513": "ECOWAS since its founding there has been", "STpL-oeJu8g-00367-00118514-00118777": "growing external demand for its services", "STpL-oeJu8g-00368-00118778-00119083": "to other centers in sub-saharan Africa", "STpL-oeJu8g-00369-00119084-00119431": "will seek to replicate the EC reee model", "STpL-oeJu8g-00370-00119432-00119756": "one will be established by UNIDO in the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00371-00119757-00120034": "east african community to serve Burundi", "STpL-oeJu8g-00372-00120035-00120435": "Kenya Rwanda Tanzania and Uganda a", "STpL-oeJu8g-00373-00120436-00120697": "second will serve the 15 member states", "STpL-oeJu8g-00374-00120698-00120947": "of the southern Africa Development", "STpL-oeJu8g-00375-00120948-00121271": "Community both centers should be fully", "STpL-oeJu8g-00376-00121272-00121663": "operational by 2014 other centres are", "STpL-oeJu8g-00377-00121664-00121847": "being established within the same", "STpL-oeJu8g-00378-00121848-00122588": "network in the Caribbean and Pacific", "STpL-oeJu8g-00379-00122589-00123354": "topic west-african Biosciences Network", "STpL-oeJu8g-00380-00123355-00123708": "from 2005 onwards the new partnership", "STpL-oeJu8g-00381-00123708-00123978": "for Africa's development set up four", "STpL-oeJu8g-00382-00123979-00124257": "networks within the African Biosciences", "STpL-oeJu8g-00383-00124258-00124641": "initiative the West African Biosciences", "STpL-oeJu8g-00384-00124642-00124872": "network has its hub at the senegalese", "STpL-oeJu8g-00385-00124873-00125142": "Institute for agricultural research in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00386-00125143-00125421": "Dakar the other networks are the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00387-00125422-00125718": "southern african network for Biosciences", "STpL-oeJu8g-00388-00125719-00125991": "based at the council for scientific and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00389-00125992-00126227": "industrial research in Pretoria South", "STpL-oeJu8g-00390-00126228-00126576": "Africa the northern Africa Biosciences", "STpL-oeJu8g-00391-00126577-00126801": "network based at the National Research", "STpL-oeJu8g-00392-00126802-00127043": "Center in Cairo Egypt and the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00393-00127044-00127326": "Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa", "STpL-oeJu8g-00394-00127327-00127535": "network based at the International", "STpL-oeJu8g-00395-00127536-00127811": "Livestock Research Institute in Nairobi", "STpL-oeJu8g-00396-00127813-00128373": "Kenya", "STpL-oeJu8g-00397-00128374-00128700": "topic African Institutes for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00398-00128701-00129222": "mathematical sciences", "STpL-oeJu8g-00399-00129223-00129500": "there are five African Institutes for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00400-00129501-00129849": "mathematical sciences these are situated", "STpL-oeJu8g-00401-00129850-00130015": "in Cameroon essed", "STpL-oeJu8g-00402-00130016-00130593": "2013 Ghana esthe 2012 Senegal East 2013", "STpL-oeJu8g-00403-00130594-00131022": "South Africa esthe 2003 and Tanzania", "STpL-oeJu8g-00404-00131023-00131504": "esthe 2014 the one in Senegal teaches in", "STpL-oeJu8g-00405-00131505-00131814": "both English and French each Institute", "STpL-oeJu8g-00406-00131815-00132104": "provides academic programs in basic and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00407-00132105-00132404": "applied mathematics including cosmology", "STpL-oeJu8g-00408-00132405-00132662": "finance and computing as well as", "STpL-oeJu8g-00409-00132663-00132843": "interdisciplinary fields like", "STpL-oeJu8g-00410-00132844-00133203": "bioinformatics each also provides", "STpL-oeJu8g-00411-00133204-00133371": "Community Services", "STpL-oeJu8g-00412-00133372-00133569": "the first Institute was the brainchild", "STpL-oeJu8g-00413-00133570-00133913": "of South African cosmologists Neil Turok", "STpL-oeJu8g-00414-00133914-00134277": "it is planned to develop 15 centers of", "STpL-oeJu8g-00415-00134278-00134634": "excellence across Africa by 2023 within", "STpL-oeJu8g-00416-00134635-00134859": "the next Einstein initiative and named", "STpL-oeJu8g-00417-00134860-00135102": "inspired by the idea that the next", "STpL-oeJu8g-00418-00135103-00135411": "Einstein could come from Africa the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00419-00135412-00135604": "project is supported by numerous", "STpL-oeJu8g-00420-00135605-00135894": "governments in Africa and Europe as well", "STpL-oeJu8g-00421-00135895-00136550": "as the Government of Canada", "STpL-oeJu8g-00422-00136551-00137201": "topic West Africa Institute", "STpL-oeJu8g-00423-00137202-00137444": "the West Africa Institute was", "STpL-oeJu8g-00424-00137445-00137813": "established in Praia Cabo Verde in 2010", "STpL-oeJu8g-00425-00137814-00137983": "to provide the missing link between", "STpL-oeJu8g-00426-00137984-00138239": "policy and research in the regional", "STpL-oeJu8g-00427-00138240-00138602": "integration process the Institute as a", "STpL-oeJu8g-00428-00138603-00138887": "service provider conducting research for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00429-00138888-00139064": "regional and national public", "STpL-oeJu8g-00430-00139065-00139349": "institutions the private sector civil", "STpL-oeJu8g-00431-00139350-00139664": "society and the media the think-tank", "STpL-oeJu8g-00432-00139665-00139963": "also organizes political and scientific", "STpL-oeJu8g-00433-00139964-00140312": "dialogues between policymakers regional", "STpL-oeJu8g-00434-00140313-00140534": "institutions and members of civil", "STpL-oeJu8g-00435-00140535-00141136": "society", "STpL-oeJu8g-00436-00141137-00141858": "topic global health security agenda", "STpL-oeJu8g-00437-00141859-00142241": "the Ebola epidemic in 2014 highlighted", "STpL-oeJu8g-00438-00142242-00142441": "the challenge of mobilizing funds", "STpL-oeJu8g-00439-00142442-00142743": "equipment and human resources to manage", "STpL-oeJu8g-00440-00142744-00143208": "a rapidly evolving health crisis in 2015", "STpL-oeJu8g-00441-00143209-00143516": "the United States of America decided to", "STpL-oeJu8g-00442-00143517-00143741": "invest 1 billion dollars over the next", "STpL-oeJu8g-00443-00143742-00144021": "five years in preventing detecting and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00444-00144022-00144270": "responding to future infectious disease", "STpL-oeJu8g-00445-00144271-00144573": "outbreaks in 17 countries within its", "STpL-oeJu8g-00446-00144574-00144945": "global health security agenda burkina", "STpL-oeJu8g-00447-00144946-00145310": "faso as one of these 17 countries the", "STpL-oeJu8g-00448-00145311-00145593": "others are in Africa Cameroon Cote", "STpL-oeJu8g-00449-00145594-00145979": "d'Ivoire Ethiopia guinea hen yya Liberia", "STpL-oeJu8g-00450-00145980-00146402": "Mali Senegal Sierra Leone Tanzania and", "STpL-oeJu8g-00451-00146403-00146718": "Uganda in Asia Bangladesh India", "STpL-oeJu8g-00452-00146719-00147535": "Indonesia Pakistan and Vietnam", "STpL-oeJu8g-00453-00147536-00148102": "topic sources", "STpL-oeJu8g-00454-00148103-00148408": "this article incorporates text from a", "STpL-oeJu8g-00455-00148409-00148786": "free content work licensed under CC by", "STpL-oeJu8g-00456-00148787-00149161": "saw iGo 3.0 unesco science report", "STpL-oeJu8g-00457-00149162-00149805": "towards 2030 471 to 497 UNESCO UNESCO", "STpL-oeJu8g-00458-00149806-00150148": "publishing to learn how to add open", "STpL-oeJu8g-00459-00150149-00150406": "licensed text to Wikipedia articles", "STpL-oeJu8g-00460-00150407-00150667": "please see Wikipedia adding open", "STpL-oeJu8g-00461-00150668-00150985": "licensed text to Wikipedia for", "STpL-oeJu8g-00462-00150986-00151222": "information on reusing text from", "STpL-oeJu8g-00463-00151223-00151657": "Wikipedia please see the Terms of Use"}}, {"audio_id": "STqjdi9-c5u", "text": {"STqjdi9-c5u-00000-00000057-00005518": "[Music]", "STqjdi9-c5u-00001-00005519-00005728": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "STHwQaYbAMY", "text": {"STHwQaYbAMY-00000-00000003-00000350": "a fighter aircraft as a military", "STHwQaYbAMY-00001-00000351-00000593": "aircraft designed primarily for", "STHwQaYbAMY-00002-00000594-00000941": "air-to-air combat against other aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00003-00000942-00001202": "as opposed to bombers and attack", "STHwQaYbAMY-00004-00001203-00001523": "aircraft whose main mission as to attack", "STHwQaYbAMY-00005-00001524-00001895": "ground targets the hallmarks of a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00006-00001896-00002198": "fighter are its speed maneuverability", "STHwQaYbAMY-00007-00002199-00002564": "and small size relative to other combat", "STHwQaYbAMY-00008-00002565-00002759": "aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00009-00002760-00003062": "many fighters have secondary ground", "STHwQaYbAMY-00010-00003063-00003314": "attack capabilities and some are", "STHwQaYbAMY-00011-00003315-00003614": "designed as dual purpose fighter bombers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00012-00003615-00003920": "often aircrafts that do not fulfill the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00013-00003921-00004240": "standard definition are called fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00014-00004241-00004597": "this may be for political or national", "STHwQaYbAMY-00015-00004598-00004859": "security reasons for advertising", "STHwQaYbAMY-00016-00004860-00005182": "purposes or other reasons a fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00017-00005183-00005441": "main purpose as to establish air", "STHwQaYbAMY-00018-00005442-00005864": "superiority over a battlefield since", "STHwQaYbAMY-00019-00005865-00006142": "World War one achieving and maintaining", "STHwQaYbAMY-00020-00006143-00006506": "air superiority has been considered", "STHwQaYbAMY-00021-00006506-00006781": "essential for victory in conventional", "STHwQaYbAMY-00022-00006783-00007184": "warfare the success or failure of a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00023-00007184-00007396": "belligerents efforts to gain air", "STHwQaYbAMY-00024-00007397-00007733": "superiority hinges on several factors", "STHwQaYbAMY-00025-00007734-00008023": "including the skill of its pilots the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00026-00008025-00008302": "tactical soundness of its doctrine for", "STHwQaYbAMY-00027-00008303-00008558": "deploying its fighters and the numbers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00028-00008559-00008851": "and performance of those fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00029-00008852-00009113": "because of the importance of air", "STHwQaYbAMY-00030-00009114-00009428": "superiority since the early days of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00031-00009429-00009695": "aerial combat armed forces have", "STHwQaYbAMY-00032-00009696-00009949": "constantly competed to develop", "STHwQaYbAMY-00033-00009950-00010232": "technologically superior fighters and to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00034-00010233-00010517": "deploy these fighters in greater numbers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00035-00010518-00010784": "and fielding a viable fighter fleet", "STHwQaYbAMY-00036-00010785-00011105": "consumes a substantial proportion of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00037-00011106-00011973": "defense budgets of modern Armed Forces", "STHwQaYbAMY-00038-00011974-00012592": "topic terminology", "STHwQaYbAMY-00039-00012593-00013033": "the word fighter did not become the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00040-00013034-00013336": "official english-language term for such", "STHwQaYbAMY-00041-00013337-00013696": "aircraft until after World War one in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00042-00013697-00014080": "the British Royal Flying Corps and Royal", "STHwQaYbAMY-00043-00014081-00014386": "Air Force these aircraft were referred", "STHwQaYbAMY-00044-00014387-00015061": "to as Scouts into the early 1920s the US", "STHwQaYbAMY-00045-00015062-00015438": "Army called their fighters pursuit", "STHwQaYbAMY-00046-00015440-00015935": "aircraft from 1916 until the late 1940s", "STHwQaYbAMY-00047-00015936-00016355": "in most languages of fighter aircraft as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00048-00016356-00016652": "known as a hunter or hunting aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00049-00016653-00017099": "avión de chasse Jagd flug zu avión de", "STHwQaYbAMY-00050-00017100-00017552": "caza etc exceptions include russian", "STHwQaYbAMY-00051-00017553-00017893": "where a fighter as n Istra battle", "STHwQaYbAMY-00052-00017894-00018349": "pronounced Istra Battelle meaning", "STHwQaYbAMY-00053-00018350-00018730": "exterminator in hebrew where it is", "STHwQaYbAMY-00054-00018731-00018961": "mitosis", "STHwQaYbAMY-00055-00018962-00019388": "italy battle plane", "STHwQaYbAMY-00056-00019389-00019724": "as a part of military nomenclature a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00057-00019725-00019994": "letter is often assigned to various", "STHwQaYbAMY-00058-00019995-00020282": "types of aircraft to indicate their use", "STHwQaYbAMY-00059-00020283-00020558": "along with a number to indicate the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00060-00020559-00020960": "specific aircraft the letters used to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00061-00020961-00021239": "designate a fighter differ in various", "STHwQaYbAMY-00062-00021240-00021508": "countries in the english-speaking world", "STHwQaYbAMY-00063-00021509-00021994": "F is now used to indicate a fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-00064-00021995-00022405": "eg Lockheed Martin f-35 lightning ii or", "STHwQaYbAMY-00065-00022406-00022799": "Supermarine Spitfire F point - - though", "STHwQaYbAMY-00066-00022800-00023111": "when the pursuit designation was used in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00067-00023112-00023738": "the US they were P types eg Curtiss p-40", "STHwQaYbAMY-00068-00023739-00024331": "Warhawk in Russia I was used Polikarpov", "STHwQaYbAMY-00069-00024332-00024859": "i-16 while the French continued to use C", "STHwQaYbAMY-00070-00024860-00025328": "Newport 17 C point 1", "STHwQaYbAMY-00071-00025329-00025781": "although the term fighter specifies", "STHwQaYbAMY-00072-00025782-00026065": "aircraft designed to shoot down other", "STHwQaYbAMY-00073-00026066-00026377": "aircraft such designs are often also", "STHwQaYbAMY-00074-00026379-00026683": "useful as multi-role fighter bombers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00075-00026685-00026968": "strike fighters and sometimes lighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-00076-00026969-00027283": "fighter sized tactical ground attack", "STHwQaYbAMY-00077-00027285-00027689": "aircraft this has always been the case", "STHwQaYbAMY-00078-00027689-00028010": "for instance the Sopwith Camel and other", "STHwQaYbAMY-00079-00028011-00028445": "fighting Scouts of World War one", "STHwQaYbAMY-00080-00028445-00028742": "performed a great deal of ground attack", "STHwQaYbAMY-00081-00028743-00029089": "work in World War two", "STHwQaYbAMY-00082-00029091-00029489": "the usaaf and RAF often favored fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00083-00029489-00029777": "over dedicated light bombers or dive", "STHwQaYbAMY-00084-00029777-00030083": "bombers and types such as the Republic", "STHwQaYbAMY-00085-00030083-00030449": "p-47 thunderbolt and Hawker hurricane", "STHwQaYbAMY-00086-00030450-00030707": "that were no longer competitive as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00087-00030708-00031033": "aerial combat fighters were relegated to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00088-00031035-00031430": "ground attack several aircraft such as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00089-00031431-00031949": "the f-111 and f-117 have received", "STHwQaYbAMY-00090-00031950-00032237": "fighter designations though they had no", "STHwQaYbAMY-00091-00032238-00032555": "fighter capability due to political or", "STHwQaYbAMY-00092-00032556-00033089": "other reasons the f-111b variant was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00093-00033090-00033356": "originally intended for a fighter role", "STHwQaYbAMY-00094-00033357-00033730": "with the US Navy but it was canceled", "STHwQaYbAMY-00095-00033731-00034055": "this blurring follows the use of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00096-00034056-00034351": "fighters from their earliest days for", "STHwQaYbAMY-00097-00034352-00034925": "attack or strike operations against", "STHwQaYbAMY-00098-00034926-00035243": "ground targets by means of strafing or", "STHwQaYbAMY-00099-00035244-00035650": "dropping small bombs and incendiaries", "STHwQaYbAMY-00100-00035651-00035936": "versatile multi-role fighter bombers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00101-00035937-00036289": "such as the McDonnell Douglas f-18", "STHwQaYbAMY-00102-00036290-00036602": "Hornet are a less expensive option than", "STHwQaYbAMY-00103-00036603-00036860": "having a range of specialized aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00104-00036861-00037086": "types", "STHwQaYbAMY-00105-00037087-00037407": "some of the most expensive fighters such", "STHwQaYbAMY-00106-00037408-00037723": "as the u.s. grumman f-14 tomcat", "STHwQaYbAMY-00107-00037724-00038104": "mcdonnell douglas f-15 eagle lockheed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00108-00038105-00038501": "martin f-22 raptor and russian sukhoi", "STHwQaYbAMY-00109-00038502-00038804": "su-27 were employed as all-weather", "STHwQaYbAMY-00110-00038805-00039057": "interceptors as well as air superiority", "STHwQaYbAMY-00111-00039058-00039376": "fighter aircraft while commonly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00112-00039377-00039685": "developing air-to-ground roles late in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00113-00039686-00040032": "their careers an interceptor as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00114-00040033-00040311": "generally an aircraft intended to target", "STHwQaYbAMY-00115-00040312-00040707": "or intercept bombers and so often trades", "STHwQaYbAMY-00116-00040708-00041483": "maneuverability for climb rate", "STHwQaYbAMY-00117-00041484-00042162": "topic development overview", "STHwQaYbAMY-00118-00042163-00042495": "fighters were developed in World War one", "STHwQaYbAMY-00119-00042496-00042799": "to deny enemy aircraft and dirigibles", "STHwQaYbAMY-00120-00042800-00043105": "the ability to gather information by", "STHwQaYbAMY-00121-00043106-00043410": "reconnaissance over the battlefield", "STHwQaYbAMY-00122-00043411-00043732": "early fighters were very small and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00123-00043733-00044002": "lightly armed by later standards and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00124-00044003-00044289": "most were biplanes built with a wooden", "STHwQaYbAMY-00125-00044290-00044608": "frame covered with fabric and a maximum", "STHwQaYbAMY-00126-00044609-00045093": "airspeed of about 100 miles per hour 160", "STHwQaYbAMY-00127-00045094-00045595": "km/h as control of the airspace over", "STHwQaYbAMY-00128-00045596-00045939": "armies became increasingly important all", "STHwQaYbAMY-00129-00045940-00046233": "of the major powers developed fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00130-00046234-00046605": "to support their military operations", "STHwQaYbAMY-00131-00046606-00046902": "between the wars would was largely", "STHwQaYbAMY-00132-00046903-00047193": "replaced in part or whole by metal", "STHwQaYbAMY-00133-00047194-00047487": "tubing and finally aluminium stressed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00134-00047488-00047814": "skin structures monocoque began to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00135-00047815-00047999": "predominate", "STHwQaYbAMY-00136-00048000-00048542": "on the 15th of august 1914 miodrag Tomic", "STHwQaYbAMY-00137-00048543-00048776": "encountered an enemy plane while", "STHwQaYbAMY-00138-00048777-00049082": "conducting a reconnaissance flight over", "STHwQaYbAMY-00139-00049083-00049476": "austria-hungary the austro-hungarian", "STHwQaYbAMY-00140-00049477-00049782": "aviator initially waved at Tomic who", "STHwQaYbAMY-00141-00049783-00050201": "waved back the enemy pilot then took a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00142-00050202-00050457": "revolver and began shooting at tom", "STHwQaYbAMY-00143-00050458-00050888": "explained Tomic produced a pistol of his", "STHwQaYbAMY-00144-00050889-00051273": "own and fired back he swerved away from", "STHwQaYbAMY-00145-00051274-00051563": "the austro-hungarian plane and the two", "STHwQaYbAMY-00146-00051564-00052011": "aircraft eventually parted ways it was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00147-00052012-00052287": "considered the first exchange of fire", "STHwQaYbAMY-00148-00052288-00052746": "between aircraft in history within weeks", "STHwQaYbAMY-00149-00052747-00053041": "all Serbian and austro-hungarian", "STHwQaYbAMY-00150-00053042-00053381": "aircraft were armed the Serbians", "STHwQaYbAMY-00151-00053382-00053579": "equipped their planes with eight", "STHwQaYbAMY-00152-00053580-00054153": "millimeter 0.31 in schwarzy MGM point", "STHwQaYbAMY-00153-00054154-00054696": "zero 712 machine guns 6 100 round boxes", "STHwQaYbAMY-00154-00054697-00055019": "of ammunition and several bombs by World", "STHwQaYbAMY-00155-00055020-00055341": "War 2 most fighters were all-metal", "STHwQaYbAMY-00156-00055341-00055616": "monoplanes armed with batteries of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00157-00055617-00055884": "machine guns or cannons and some were", "STHwQaYbAMY-00158-00055885-00056235": "capable of speeds approaching 400 miles", "STHwQaYbAMY-00159-00056236-00056898": "per hour 640 km/h most fighters up to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00160-00056899-00057174": "this point had one engine but a number", "STHwQaYbAMY-00161-00057175-00057450": "of twin-engine fighters were built", "STHwQaYbAMY-00162-00057451-00057690": "however they were found to be outmatched", "STHwQaYbAMY-00163-00057691-00057980": "against single-engine fighters and were", "STHwQaYbAMY-00164-00057981-00058301": "relegated to other tasks such as night", "STHwQaYbAMY-00165-00058302-00058575": "fighters equipped with primitive radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-00166-00058576-00058750": "sets", "STHwQaYbAMY-00167-00058751-00059091": "by the end of the war turbojet engines", "STHwQaYbAMY-00168-00059092-00059367": "were replacing piston engines as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00169-00059369-00059659": "means of propulsion further increasing", "STHwQaYbAMY-00170-00059660-00060037": "aircraft speed since the weight of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00171-00060038-00060357": "turbojet engine was far less than piston", "STHwQaYbAMY-00172-00060358-00060654": "engine having two engines was no longer", "STHwQaYbAMY-00173-00060655-00060960": "a handicap and one or two were used", "STHwQaYbAMY-00174-00060961-00061399": "depending on requirements this in turn", "STHwQaYbAMY-00175-00061400-00061654": "required the development of ejection", "STHwQaYbAMY-00176-00061654-00061929": "seats so the pilot could escape and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00177-00061929-00062205": "g-suits to counter the much greater", "STHwQaYbAMY-00178-00062207-00062541": "forces being applied to the pilot during", "STHwQaYbAMY-00179-00062542-00062764": "maneuvers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00180-00062765-00063154": "in the 1950s radar was fitted to day", "STHwQaYbAMY-00181-00063154-00063451": "fighters since due to ever-increasing", "STHwQaYbAMY-00182-00063452-00063787": "air-to-air weapon ranges pilots could no", "STHwQaYbAMY-00183-00063788-00064096": "longer see far enough ahead to prepare", "STHwQaYbAMY-00184-00064097-00064519": "for the opposition subsequently radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-00185-00064520-00064834": "capabilities grew enormously and are now", "STHwQaYbAMY-00186-00064835-00065204": "the primary method of target acquisition", "STHwQaYbAMY-00187-00065205-00065536": "wings were made thinner and swept back", "STHwQaYbAMY-00188-00065537-00065875": "to reduce transonic drag which required", "STHwQaYbAMY-00189-00065876-00066145": "new manufacturing methods to obtain", "STHwQaYbAMY-00190-00066146-00066582": "sufficient strength skins were no longer", "STHwQaYbAMY-00191-00066583-00066907": "sheetmetal riveted to a structure but", "STHwQaYbAMY-00192-00066908-00067312": "milled from large slabs of alloy the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00193-00067313-00067648": "sound barrier was broken and after a few", "STHwQaYbAMY-00194-00067649-00067972": "false starts due to required changes in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00195-00067973-00068335": "controls speeds quickly reached Mach 2", "STHwQaYbAMY-00196-00068336-00068651": "past which aircraft cannot maneuver", "STHwQaYbAMY-00197-00068652-00069025": "sufficiently to avoid attack", "STHwQaYbAMY-00198-00069026-00069325": "air-to-air missiles largely replaced", "STHwQaYbAMY-00199-00069326-00069730": "guns and rockets in the early 1960 since", "STHwQaYbAMY-00200-00069731-00069985": "both were believed unusable at the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00201-00069986-00070189": "speeds being attained", "STHwQaYbAMY-00202-00070190-00070504": "however the Vietnam War showed that guns", "STHwQaYbAMY-00203-00070505-00070771": "still had a role to play and most", "STHwQaYbAMY-00204-00070772-00071044": "fighters built since then are fitted", "STHwQaYbAMY-00205-00071045-00071371": "with cannon typically between 20 and 30", "STHwQaYbAMY-00206-00071372-00071680": "millimeters in caliber in addition to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00207-00071681-00072151": "missiles most modern combat aircraft can", "STHwQaYbAMY-00208-00072152-00072394": "carry at least a pair of air-to-air", "STHwQaYbAMY-00209-00072395-00072647": "missiles", "STHwQaYbAMY-00210-00072648-00073073": "in the 1970s turbofans replaced turbo", "STHwQaYbAMY-00211-00073074-00073409": "jets improving fuel economy enough that", "STHwQaYbAMY-00212-00073410-00073703": "the last piston engine support aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00213-00073704-00073978": "could be replaced with jets making", "STHwQaYbAMY-00214-00073979-00074394": "multi-role combat aircraft possible", "STHwQaYbAMY-00215-00074395-00074699": "honeycomb structures began to replace", "STHwQaYbAMY-00216-00074700-00074936": "milled structures and the first", "STHwQaYbAMY-00217-00074937-00075262": "composite components began to appear on", "STHwQaYbAMY-00218-00075263-00075586": "components subjected to little stress", "STHwQaYbAMY-00219-00075587-00075868": "with the steady improvements in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00220-00075869-00076180": "computers defensive systems have become", "STHwQaYbAMY-00221-00076181-00076576": "increasingly efficient to counter this", "STHwQaYbAMY-00222-00076577-00076874": "stealth technologies have been pursued", "STHwQaYbAMY-00223-00076875-00077198": "by the United States Russia India and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00224-00077199-00077644": "China the first step was to find ways to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00225-00077645-00077978": "reduce the aircraft's reflectivity to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00226-00077979-00078280": "radar waves by burying the engines", "STHwQaYbAMY-00227-00078281-00078584": "eliminating sharp corners and diverting", "STHwQaYbAMY-00228-00078585-00078905": "any reflections away from the radar sets", "STHwQaYbAMY-00229-00078906-00079337": "of opposing forces various materials", "STHwQaYbAMY-00230-00079338-00079612": "were found to absorb the energy from", "STHwQaYbAMY-00231-00079613-00079916": "radar waves and were incorporated into", "STHwQaYbAMY-00232-00079917-00080198": "special finishes that have since found", "STHwQaYbAMY-00233-00080199-00080511": "widespread application", "STHwQaYbAMY-00234-00080512-00080750": "composite structures have become", "STHwQaYbAMY-00235-00080751-00081048": "widespread including major structural", "STHwQaYbAMY-00236-00081049-00081236": "components and have helped to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00237-00081237-00081518": "counterbalance the steady increases in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00238-00081519-00081842": "aircraft weight most modern fighters are", "STHwQaYbAMY-00239-00081843-00082124": "larger and heavier than World War two", "STHwQaYbAMY-00240-00082125-00082536": "medium bombers the global combat", "STHwQaYbAMY-00241-00082537-00082817": "aircraft market was worth forty five", "STHwQaYbAMY-00242-00082818-00083231": "point seven five billion dollars in 2017", "STHwQaYbAMY-00243-00083232-00083478": "and is projected by Frost and Sullivan", "STHwQaYbAMY-00244-00083479-00083790": "at forty seven point two billion dollars", "STHwQaYbAMY-00245-00083791-00084326": "in 2026 to 35 percent modernization", "STHwQaYbAMY-00246-00084327-00084666": "programs and 65 percent aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00247-00084667-00084960": "purchases dominated by the Lockheed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00248-00084961-00085284": "Martin f-35 with three thousand", "STHwQaYbAMY-00249-00085285-00086070": "deliveries over 20 years", "STHwQaYbAMY-00250-00086071-00087095": "topic piston-engine fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00251-00087096-00087719": "Topic World War one", "STHwQaYbAMY-00252-00087720-00088166": "the word fighter was first used to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00253-00088167-00088436": "describe a two-seater aircraft with", "STHwQaYbAMY-00254-00088437-00088730": "sufficient lift to carry a machine-gun", "STHwQaYbAMY-00255-00088731-00089062": "and its operator as well as the pilot", "STHwQaYbAMY-00256-00089063-00089546": "some of the first such fighters belong", "STHwQaYbAMY-00257-00089547-00090005": "to the gun bus series of experimental", "STHwQaYbAMY-00258-00090006-00090272": "gun carriers of the British Vickers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00259-00090273-00090560": "Company that culminated in the Vickers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00260-00090561-00091172": "FB 5 gun bus of 1914 the main drawback", "STHwQaYbAMY-00261-00091173-00091462": "of this type of aircraft was its lack of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00262-00091463-00091906": "speed planners quickly realized that an", "STHwQaYbAMY-00263-00091907-00092240": "aircraft intended to destroy its kind in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00264-00092241-00092510": "the air had to be fast enough to catch", "STHwQaYbAMY-00265-00092511-00092735": "its quarry", "STHwQaYbAMY-00266-00092736-00093082": "another type of military aircraft was to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00267-00093083-00093424": "form the basis for an effective fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-00268-00093425-00093872": "in the modern sense of the word it was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00269-00093873-00094150": "based on the small fast aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00270-00094151-00094442": "developed before the war for such air", "STHwQaYbAMY-00271-00094443-00094724": "races as the Gordon Bennett cup and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00272-00094725-00095105": "Schneider trophy the military scout", "STHwQaYbAMY-00273-00095106-00095366": "airplane was not expected to carry", "STHwQaYbAMY-00274-00095367-00095669": "serious armament but rather to rely on", "STHwQaYbAMY-00275-00095670-00095932": "its speed to reach the Scout or", "STHwQaYbAMY-00276-00095933-00096215": "reconnoiter location and return quickly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00277-00096216-00096598": "to report essentially an aerial horse", "STHwQaYbAMY-00278-00096599-00096937": "British Scout aircraft in this sense", "STHwQaYbAMY-00279-00096938-00097282": "included the Sopwith tabloid and Bristol", "STHwQaYbAMY-00280-00097283-00097667": "Scout French equivalents included the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00281-00097668-00098081": "morane-saulnier in soon after the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00282-00098082-00098344": "commencement of the war pilots armed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00283-00098345-00098606": "themselves with pistols carbines", "STHwQaYbAMY-00284-00098607-00098938": "grenades and an assortment of improvised", "STHwQaYbAMY-00285-00098939-00099131": "weapons", "STHwQaYbAMY-00286-00099132-00099434": "many of these proved ineffective as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00287-00099435-00099710": "pilot had to fly his airplane while", "STHwQaYbAMY-00288-00099711-00099982": "attempting to aim a handheld weapon and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00289-00099983-00100351": "make a difficult deflection shot the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00290-00100352-00100631": "first step in finding a real solution", "STHwQaYbAMY-00291-00100632-00100922": "was to mount the weapon on the aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00292-00100923-00101155": "but the propeller remained a problem", "STHwQaYbAMY-00293-00101156-00101459": "since the best direction to shoot is", "STHwQaYbAMY-00294-00101460-00101623": "straight ahead", "STHwQaYbAMY-00295-00101624-00102023": "numerous solutions were tried a second", "STHwQaYbAMY-00296-00102024-00102284": "crew member behind the pilot could aim", "STHwQaYbAMY-00297-00102285-00102610": "and fire a swivel mounted machine gun at", "STHwQaYbAMY-00298-00102611-00102766": "enemy airplanes", "STHwQaYbAMY-00299-00102767-00103028": "however this limited the area of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00300-00103029-00103322": "coverage chiefly to the rear hemisphere", "STHwQaYbAMY-00301-00103323-00103630": "an effective coordination of the pilots", "STHwQaYbAMY-00302-00103631-00103885": "maneuvering with the Gunners aiming was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00303-00103886-00104249": "difficult this option was chiefly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00304-00104250-00104503": "employed as a defensive measure on", "STHwQaYbAMY-00305-00104504-00104833": "two-seater reconnaissance aircraft from", "STHwQaYbAMY-00306-00104833-00105356": "1915 on both the SPAD si and the Royal", "STHwQaYbAMY-00307-00105357-00105623": "aircraft Factory be9", "STHwQaYbAMY-00308-00105624-00105893": "added a second crewman ahead of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00309-00105894-00106145": "engine in a pod but this was both", "STHwQaYbAMY-00310-00106146-00106400": "hazardous to the second crewman and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00311-00106401-00106850": "limited performance thus up with L R T", "STHwQaYbAMY-00312-00106851-00107254": "TR similarly added a pod on the top wing", "STHwQaYbAMY-00313-00107255-00107535": "with no better luck", "STHwQaYbAMY-00314-00107536-00107928": "an alternative was to build a pusher", "STHwQaYbAMY-00315-00107929-00108309": "Scout such as the air code eh point to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00316-00108310-00108592": "with the propeller mounted behind the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00317-00108593-00108970": "pilot the main drawback was that the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00318-00108971-00109222": "high drag of a pusher types tail", "STHwQaYbAMY-00319-00109223-00109548": "structure made it slower than a similar", "STHwQaYbAMY-00320-00109549-00109934": "tractor aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00321-00109935-00110223": "a better solution for a single-seat", "STHwQaYbAMY-00322-00110224-00110478": "Scout was to mount the machine gun", "STHwQaYbAMY-00323-00110479-00110820": "rifles and pistols having been dispensed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00324-00110821-00111126": "with to fire forwards but outside the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00325-00111127-00111554": "propeller arc Wing guns were tried but", "STHwQaYbAMY-00326-00111555-00111773": "the unreliable weapons available", "STHwQaYbAMY-00327-00111774-00112074": "required frequent clearing of jammed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00328-00112075-00112323": "rounds and misfires and remained", "STHwQaYbAMY-00329-00112324-00112749": "impractical until after the war mounting", "STHwQaYbAMY-00330-00112750-00113058": "the machine gun over the top wing worked", "STHwQaYbAMY-00331-00113058-00113370": "well and was used long after the ideal", "STHwQaYbAMY-00332-00113371-00113833": "solution was found the new port 11 of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00333-00113834-00114293": "1916 and Royal aircraft Factory se 5 of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00334-00114294-00114635": "1918 both used this system with", "STHwQaYbAMY-00335-00114636-00114939": "considerable success however this", "STHwQaYbAMY-00336-00114940-00115211": "placement made aiming difficult and the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00337-00115213-00115484": "location made it difficult for a pilot", "STHwQaYbAMY-00338-00115485-00115797": "to both maneuver and have access to the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00339-00115798-00116190": "guns breech the British foster mounting", "STHwQaYbAMY-00340-00116191-00116478": "was specifically designed for this kind", "STHwQaYbAMY-00341-00116479-00116741": "of application fitted with the Lewis", "STHwQaYbAMY-00342-00116742-00117102": "machine gun which due to its design was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00343-00117103-00117457": "unsuitable for synchronizing", "STHwQaYbAMY-00344-00117458-00117757": "the need to arm a tractor scout with a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00345-00117758-00118069": "forward firing gun whose bullets passed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00346-00118070-00118333": "through the propeller arc was evident", "STHwQaYbAMY-00347-00118333-00118606": "even before the outbreak of war and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00348-00118607-00118858": "inventors in both France and Germany", "STHwQaYbAMY-00349-00118858-00119179": "devised mechanisms that could time the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00350-00119180-00119497": "firing of the individual rounds to avoid", "STHwQaYbAMY-00351-00119498-00119863": "hitting the propeller blades Franz", "STHwQaYbAMY-00352-00119864-00120186": "Schneider a Swiss engineer had patented", "STHwQaYbAMY-00353-00120188-00120667": "such a device in Germany in 1913 but his", "STHwQaYbAMY-00354-00120668-00121072": "original work was not followed up French", "STHwQaYbAMY-00355-00121073-00121354": "aircraft designer Raymond cell near", "STHwQaYbAMY-00356-00121355-00121695": "patented a practical device in April", "STHwQaYbAMY-00357-00121696-00122007": "1914 but trials were unsuccessful", "STHwQaYbAMY-00358-00122008-00122317": "because of the propensity of the machine", "STHwQaYbAMY-00359-00122318-00122607": "gun employed to hang fire due to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00360-00122608-00122940": "unreliable ammunition", "STHwQaYbAMY-00361-00122941-00123402": "in December 1914 French aviator roland", "STHwQaYbAMY-00362-00123403-00123746": "garros asked Sal NIR to install his", "STHwQaYbAMY-00363-00123747-00123981": "synchronisation gear on Garros", "STHwQaYbAMY-00364-00123982-00124365": "morane-saulnier type L unfortunately the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00365-00124366-00124704": "gas-operated Hotchkis machine gun he was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00366-00124705-00124998": "provided had an erratic rate of fire and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00367-00124999-00125277": "it was impossible to synchronize it with", "STHwQaYbAMY-00368-00125278-00125652": "a spinning propeller as an interim", "STHwQaYbAMY-00369-00125653-00125893": "measure the propeller blades were", "STHwQaYbAMY-00370-00125894-00126181": "armored and fitted with metal wedges to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00371-00126182-00126597": "protect the pilot from ricochets Garros", "STHwQaYbAMY-00372-00126598-00126915": "modified monoplane was first flown in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00373-00126916-00127320": "March 1915 and he began combat", "STHwQaYbAMY-00374-00127321-00127773": "operations soon thereafter Garros scored", "STHwQaYbAMY-00375-00127774-00128061": "three victories in three weeks before he", "STHwQaYbAMY-00376-00128062-00128409": "himself was downed on the 18th of April", "STHwQaYbAMY-00377-00128410-00128663": "and his airplane along with its", "STHwQaYbAMY-00378-00128664-00128931": "synchronization gear and propeller was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00379-00128932-00129258": "captured by the Germans", "STHwQaYbAMY-00380-00129258-00129551": "meanwhile the synchronization gear", "STHwQaYbAMY-00381-00129552-00129831": "called the Stang and storing in German", "STHwQaYbAMY-00382-00129832-00130337": "for pushrod control system devised by", "STHwQaYbAMY-00383-00130338-00130632": "the engineers of Anthony Fockers firm", "STHwQaYbAMY-00384-00130633-00130932": "was the first system to see production", "STHwQaYbAMY-00385-00130933-00131148": "contracts and would make the fokker", "STHwQaYbAMY-00386-00131149-00131453": "eindecker monoplane a feared name over", "STHwQaYbAMY-00387-00131454-00131726": "the Western Front despite its being an", "STHwQaYbAMY-00388-00131727-00132041": "adaptation of an obsolete pre-war French", "STHwQaYbAMY-00389-00132042-00132360": "marine Saulnier racing airplane with a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00390-00132361-00132633": "mediocre performance and poor flight", "STHwQaYbAMY-00391-00132634-00133040": "characteristics the first victory for", "STHwQaYbAMY-00392-00133041-00133370": "the eindecker came on the first of July", "STHwQaYbAMY-00393-00133371-00133758": "1915 when Luton incur twin jhin's flying", "STHwQaYbAMY-00394-00133759-00134012": "with the felf leaguer Abbe Tai Lung six", "STHwQaYbAMY-00395-00134013-00134225": "unit on the Western Front", "STHwQaYbAMY-00396-00134226-00134516": "forced down a morane-saulnier type L", "STHwQaYbAMY-00397-00134517-00135033": "two-seat parasol monoplane just east of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00398-00135034-00135374": "lunéville when Jen's aircraft one of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00399-00135375-00135850": "five Fokker m5 k mg production prototype", "STHwQaYbAMY-00400-00135851-00136151": "examples of the Aisne dicker was armed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00401-00136152-00136448": "with a synchronized air-cooled aviation", "STHwQaYbAMY-00402-00136449-00136835": "version of the Parabellum mg 14 machine", "STHwQaYbAMY-00403-00136836-00137006": "gun", "STHwQaYbAMY-00404-00137007-00137282": "the success of the Aisne de coeur kicked", "STHwQaYbAMY-00405-00137283-00137561": "off a competitive cycle of improvement", "STHwQaYbAMY-00406-00137562-00137879": "among the combatants both sides striving", "STHwQaYbAMY-00407-00137880-00138188": "to bill ever more capable single-seat", "STHwQaYbAMY-00408-00138189-00138647": "fighters the Albatros d-iii and Sopwith", "STHwQaYbAMY-00409-00138648-00139040": "Pup of 1916 set the classic pattern", "STHwQaYbAMY-00410-00139041-00139429": "followed by fighters for about 20 years", "STHwQaYbAMY-00411-00139430-00139771": "most were biplanes and only rarely", "STHwQaYbAMY-00412-00139772-00140021": "monoplanes or triplanes", "STHwQaYbAMY-00413-00140022-00140356": "the strongbox structure of the biplane", "STHwQaYbAMY-00414-00140357-00140660": "provided a rigid wing that allowed the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00415-00140661-00140954": "accurate lateral control essential for", "STHwQaYbAMY-00416-00140955-00141344": "dogfighting they had a single operator", "STHwQaYbAMY-00417-00141345-00141614": "who flew the aircraft and also", "STHwQaYbAMY-00418-00141615-00141989": "controlled its armament they were armed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00419-00141990-00142316": "with one or two Maxim or Vickers machine", "STHwQaYbAMY-00420-00142317-00142607": "guns which were easier to synchronize", "STHwQaYbAMY-00421-00142608-00142868": "than other types firing through the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00422-00142869-00143282": "propeller arc gun breaches were directly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00423-00143283-00143542": "in front of the pilot with obvious", "STHwQaYbAMY-00424-00143543-00143846": "implications in case of accident but", "STHwQaYbAMY-00425-00143847-00144116": "jams could be cleared in flight while", "STHwQaYbAMY-00426-00144117-00144401": "aiming was simplified", "STHwQaYbAMY-00427-00144402-00144743": "the use of metal aircraft structures was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00428-00144744-00145097": "pioneered before World War one by Brigid", "STHwQaYbAMY-00429-00145098-00145370": "but would find its biggest proponent in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00430-00145371-00145610": "Anthony Fokker who used chrome", "STHwQaYbAMY-00431-00145611-00145904": "molybdenum steel tubing for the fuselage", "STHwQaYbAMY-00432-00145905-00146174": "structure of all his fighter designs", "STHwQaYbAMY-00433-00146175-00146447": "while the innovative German engineer", "STHwQaYbAMY-00434-00146448-00146779": "hugo junkers developed two all-metal", "STHwQaYbAMY-00435-00146780-00147068": "single-seat fighter monoplane designs", "STHwQaYbAMY-00436-00147069-00147376": "with cantilever wings the strictly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00437-00147377-00147746": "experimental Junkers j2 private venture", "STHwQaYbAMY-00438-00147747-00148073": "aircraft made with steel and some forty", "STHwQaYbAMY-00439-00148074-00148394": "examples of the Junkers di made with", "STHwQaYbAMY-00440-00148395-00148703": "corrugated duralumon all based on his", "STHwQaYbAMY-00441-00148704-00148991": "experience in creating the pioneering", "STHwQaYbAMY-00442-00148992-00149428": "Junkers j1 all-metal airframe technology", "STHwQaYbAMY-00443-00149429-00149848": "demonstration aircraft of late 1915", "STHwQaYbAMY-00444-00149849-00150197": "while Fokker would pursue steel tube", "STHwQaYbAMY-00445-00150198-00150515": "fuselages with wooden wings until the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00446-00150516-00150883": "late 1930s and Junkers would focus on", "STHwQaYbAMY-00447-00150884-00151202": "corrugated sheet metal Dornier was the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00448-00151203-00151472": "first to build a fighter the Dornier", "STHwQaYbAMY-00449-00151473-00151913": "Zeppelin D I made with pre-stressed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00450-00151914-00152210": "sheet aluminium and having cantilevered", "STHwQaYbAMY-00451-00152211-00152483": "wings a form that would replace all", "STHwQaYbAMY-00452-00152484-00152850": "others in the 1930s", "STHwQaYbAMY-00453-00152851-00153240": "as collective combat experience grew the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00454-00153241-00153540": "more successful pilots such as Oswald", "STHwQaYbAMY-00455-00153541-00153873": "Boelcke ax max Immelman and Edward Manik", "STHwQaYbAMY-00456-00153874-00154179": "developed innovative tactical formations", "STHwQaYbAMY-00457-00154180-00154488": "and maneuvers to enhance their air units", "STHwQaYbAMY-00458-00154489-00154768": "combat effectiveness", "STHwQaYbAMY-00459-00154769-00155215": "allied and before 1918 German pilots of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00460-00155216-00155467": "World War one were not equipped with", "STHwQaYbAMY-00461-00155468-00155764": "parachutes so in-flight fires or", "STHwQaYbAMY-00462-00155765-00156129": "structural failure were often fatal", "STHwQaYbAMY-00463-00156130-00156508": "parachutes were well developed by 1918", "STHwQaYbAMY-00464-00156509-00156781": "having previously been used by", "STHwQaYbAMY-00465-00156782-00157021": "balloonists and were adopted by the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00466-00157022-00157345": "German flying services during the course", "STHwQaYbAMY-00467-00157346-00157735": "of that year the well-known and feared", "STHwQaYbAMY-00468-00157736-00158221": "Manfred von Richthofen Red Baron was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00469-00158222-00158509": "wearing one when he was killed but the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00470-00158510-00158809": "Allied command continued to oppose their", "STHwQaYbAMY-00471-00158810-00159241": "use on various grounds in April 1917", "STHwQaYbAMY-00472-00159242-00159565": "during a brief period of German aerial", "STHwQaYbAMY-00473-00159566-00159883": "supremacy of British pilots average life", "STHwQaYbAMY-00474-00159884-00160324": "expectancy was 93 flying hours or about", "STHwQaYbAMY-00475-00160325-00160752": "three weeks of active service more than", "STHwQaYbAMY-00476-00160753-00161077": "50,000 Airmen from both sides died", "STHwQaYbAMY-00477-00161078-00161739": "during the war", "STHwQaYbAMY-00478-00161740-00162663": "topic interwar period 1919 to 38", "STHwQaYbAMY-00479-00162664-00162969": "fighter development stagnated between", "STHwQaYbAMY-00480-00162970-00163281": "the wars especially in the United States", "STHwQaYbAMY-00481-00163282-00163529": "and the United Kingdom where budgets", "STHwQaYbAMY-00482-00163530-00163974": "were small in France Italy and Russia", "STHwQaYbAMY-00483-00163975-00164291": "where large budgets continue to allow", "STHwQaYbAMY-00484-00164292-00164613": "major development both monoplanes and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00485-00164614-00164982": "all-metal structures were common by the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00486-00164983-00165411": "end of the 1920s however those countries", "STHwQaYbAMY-00487-00165412-00165720": "overspent themselves and were overtaken", "STHwQaYbAMY-00488-00165721-00166089": "in the 1930s by those powers that hadn't", "STHwQaYbAMY-00489-00166090-00166371": "been spending heavily namely the British", "STHwQaYbAMY-00490-00166372-00166746": "the Americans and the Germans", "STHwQaYbAMY-00491-00166747-00167106": "given limited defense budgets air forces", "STHwQaYbAMY-00492-00167107-00167334": "tended to be conservative in their", "STHwQaYbAMY-00493-00167335-00167654": "aircraft purchases and biplanes remain", "STHwQaYbAMY-00494-00167655-00167922": "popular with pilots because of their", "STHwQaYbAMY-00495-00167923-00168219": "agility and remained in service long", "STHwQaYbAMY-00496-00168220-00168562": "after they had ceased to be competitive", "STHwQaYbAMY-00497-00168563-00168865": "designs such as the Gloster gladiator", "STHwQaYbAMY-00498-00168866-00169170": "fiat cr.42", "STHwQaYbAMY-00499-00169171-00169599": "and Polikarpov i-15 were common even in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00500-00169600-00169952": "the late 1930s and many were still in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00501-00169953-00170501": "service as late as 1942 up until the mid", "STHwQaYbAMY-00502-00170502-00170931": "1930s the majority of fighters in the US", "STHwQaYbAMY-00503-00170932-00171270": "the UK Italy and Russia remained", "STHwQaYbAMY-00504-00171271-00171604": "fabric-covered biplanes", "STHwQaYbAMY-00505-00171605-00171932": "fighter armament eventually began to be", "STHwQaYbAMY-00506-00171933-00172246": "mounted inside the wings outside the arc", "STHwQaYbAMY-00507-00172247-00172493": "of the propeller though most designs", "STHwQaYbAMY-00508-00172494-00172801": "retain two synchronized machine guns", "STHwQaYbAMY-00509-00172802-00173095": "directly ahead of the pilot where they", "STHwQaYbAMY-00510-00173096-00173318": "were more accurate that being the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00511-00173319-00173626": "strongest part of the structure reducing", "STHwQaYbAMY-00512-00173627-00173882": "the vibration to which the guns were", "STHwQaYbAMY-00513-00173883-00174220": "subjected to shooting with this", "STHwQaYbAMY-00514-00174221-00174523": "traditional arrangement was also easier", "STHwQaYbAMY-00515-00174524-00174758": "for the further reason that the guns", "STHwQaYbAMY-00516-00174759-00175054": "shot directly ahead in the direction of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00517-00175055-00175324": "the aircraft's flight up to the limit of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00518-00175325-00175457": "the guns range", "STHwQaYbAMY-00519-00175458-00175741": "unlike wing mounted guns which to be", "STHwQaYbAMY-00520-00175742-00176050": "effective required to be harmonized that", "STHwQaYbAMY-00521-00176051-00176371": "is preset to shoot at an angle by ground", "STHwQaYbAMY-00522-00176372-00176599": "cruise so that their bullets would", "STHwQaYbAMY-00523-00176600-00176894": "converge on a target area a set distance", "STHwQaYbAMY-00524-00176895-00177424": "ahead of the fighter rifle caliber 0.3 0", "STHwQaYbAMY-00525-00177425-00177934": "and point 3 0 3 in 7.62 millimeters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00526-00177935-00178232": "caliber guns remained the norm with", "STHwQaYbAMY-00527-00178233-00178510": "larger weapons either being too heavy", "STHwQaYbAMY-00528-00178511-00178779": "and cumbersome or deemed unnecessary", "STHwQaYbAMY-00529-00178780-00179203": "against such lightly built aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00530-00179204-00179506": "it was not considered unreasonable to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00531-00179507-00179821": "use World War 1 style armament to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00532-00179822-00180061": "counter enemy fighters as there was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00533-00180062-00180346": "insufficient air-to-air combat during", "STHwQaYbAMY-00534-00180347-00180643": "most of the period to disprove this", "STHwQaYbAMY-00535-00180644-00180840": "notion", "STHwQaYbAMY-00536-00180841-00181161": "the rotary engine popular during World", "STHwQaYbAMY-00537-00181162-00181455": "War one quickly disappeared its", "STHwQaYbAMY-00538-00181456-00181701": "development having reached the point", "STHwQaYbAMY-00539-00181702-00182031": "where rotational forces prevented more", "STHwQaYbAMY-00540-00182032-00182301": "fuel and air from being delivered to the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00541-00182302-00182736": "cylinders which limited horsepower they", "STHwQaYbAMY-00542-00182737-00183027": "were replaced chiefly by the stationary", "STHwQaYbAMY-00543-00183028-00183348": "radial engine though major advances led", "STHwQaYbAMY-00544-00183349-00183642": "to inline engines which gained ground", "STHwQaYbAMY-00545-00183643-00183929": "with several exceptional engines", "STHwQaYbAMY-00546-00183930-00184527": "including the 1145 Cu in eighteen point", "STHwQaYbAMY-00547-00184528-00185009": "seven six L v12 Curtiss d12", "STHwQaYbAMY-00548-00185010-00185304": "aircraft engines increased in power", "STHwQaYbAMY-00549-00185305-00185646": "several fold over the period going from", "STHwQaYbAMY-00550-00185647-00186099": "a typical 180 horsepower 130 kilowatts", "STHwQaYbAMY-00551-00186100-00186654": "in the 900 kilogram Fokker d7 of 1918 to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00552-00186655-00187287": "900 horsepower 670 kilowatts in the 2500", "STHwQaYbAMY-00553-00187288-00187923": "kilogram Curtiss p36 of 1936 the debate", "STHwQaYbAMY-00554-00187924-00188226": "between the sleek inline engines versus", "STHwQaYbAMY-00555-00188227-00188472": "the more reliable radial models", "STHwQaYbAMY-00556-00188473-00188757": "continued with naval air forces", "STHwQaYbAMY-00557-00188758-00188988": "preferring the radial engines and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00558-00188989-00189336": "land-based forces often choosing inline", "STHwQaYbAMY-00559-00189337-00189470": "units", "STHwQaYbAMY-00560-00189471-00189810": "radial designs did not require a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00561-00189811-00190107": "separate and vulnerable cooling system", "STHwQaYbAMY-00562-00190108-00190530": "but had increased drag inline engines", "STHwQaYbAMY-00563-00190531-00190851": "often had a better power-to-weight ratio", "STHwQaYbAMY-00564-00190852-00191145": "but there were radial engines that kept", "STHwQaYbAMY-00565-00191146-00191408": "working even after having suffered", "STHwQaYbAMY-00566-00191409-00191732": "significant battle damage", "STHwQaYbAMY-00567-00191733-00192139": "some air forces experimented with heavy", "STHwQaYbAMY-00568-00192140-00192637": "fighters called destroyers by the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00569-00192638-00192748": "Germans", "STHwQaYbAMY-00570-00192749-00193118": "these were larger usually twin-engine", "STHwQaYbAMY-00571-00193119-00193445": "aircraft sometimes adaptations of light", "STHwQaYbAMY-00572-00193446-00193858": "or medium bomber types such designs", "STHwQaYbAMY-00573-00193859-00194149": "typically had greater internal fuel", "STHwQaYbAMY-00574-00194150-00194243": "capacity", "STHwQaYbAMY-00575-00194244-00194534": "thus longer range and heavier armament", "STHwQaYbAMY-00576-00194535-00194922": "than their single-engine counterparts in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00577-00194923-00195265": "combat they proved vulnerable to more", "STHwQaYbAMY-00578-00195266-00195693": "agile single-engine fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00579-00195694-00196013": "the primary driver of Fighter innovation", "STHwQaYbAMY-00580-00196014-00196247": "right up to the period of rapid", "STHwQaYbAMY-00581-00196248-00196604": "rearmament in the late 1930s were not", "STHwQaYbAMY-00582-00196605-00196937": "military budgets but civilian aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00583-00196938-00197369": "racing aircraft designed for these races", "STHwQaYbAMY-00584-00197370-00197684": "introduced innovations like streamlining", "STHwQaYbAMY-00585-00197685-00197936": "and more powerful engines that would", "STHwQaYbAMY-00586-00197937-00198158": "find their way into the fighters of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00587-00198159-00198602": "World War two the most significant of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00588-00198603-00198854": "these was the schneider trophy races", "STHwQaYbAMY-00589-00198855-00199229": "where competition grew so fierce only", "STHwQaYbAMY-00590-00199230-00199470": "national governments could afford to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00591-00199471-00199913": "enter at the very end of the interwar", "STHwQaYbAMY-00592-00199914-00200225": "period in europe came the spanish civil", "STHwQaYbAMY-00593-00200226-00200654": "war this was just the opportunity the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00594-00200655-00200950": "german luftwaffe italian regia", "STHwQaYbAMY-00595-00200951-00201272": "aeronautica and the soviet union's red", "STHwQaYbAMY-00596-00201273-00201531": "Air Force needed to test their latest", "STHwQaYbAMY-00597-00201532-00201920": "aircraft each party sent numerous", "STHwQaYbAMY-00598-00201921-00202271": "aircraft types to support their sides in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00599-00202272-00202679": "the conflict in the dogfights over Spain", "STHwQaYbAMY-00600-00202680-00203123": "the latest Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00601-00203124-00203500": "did well as did the Soviet Polikarpov", "STHwQaYbAMY-00602-00203501-00204011": "i-16 the German design had considerably", "STHwQaYbAMY-00603-00204012-00204311": "more room for development however and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00604-00204312-00204531": "the lessons learned led to greatly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00605-00204532-00204880": "improved models in World War two", "STHwQaYbAMY-00606-00204881-00205280": "the Russians whose side lost failed to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00607-00205281-00205571": "keep up and despite newer models coming", "STHwQaYbAMY-00608-00205573-00205901": "into service I 16s were out fought by", "STHwQaYbAMY-00609-00205902-00206336": "the improved bf 109s in world war ii", "STHwQaYbAMY-00610-00206337-00206657": "while remaining the most common soviet", "STHwQaYbAMY-00611-00206658-00207155": "frontline fighter in - 1942 for their", "STHwQaYbAMY-00612-00207156-00207423": "part the Italians developed several", "STHwQaYbAMY-00613-00207423-00207548": "monoplane", "STHwQaYbAMY-00614-00207550-00207938": "such as the Fiat G 0.5 zero but being", "STHwQaYbAMY-00615-00207939-00208269": "short on funds were forced to continue", "STHwQaYbAMY-00616-00208269-00208601": "operating obsolete Fiat see our point", "STHwQaYbAMY-00617-00208602-00208913": "four two biplanes", "STHwQaYbAMY-00618-00208914-00209300": "from the early 1930s the Japanese had", "STHwQaYbAMY-00619-00209301-00209569": "been at war against both the Chinese", "STHwQaYbAMY-00620-00209571-00209842": "nationalists and the Russians in China", "STHwQaYbAMY-00621-00209844-00210158": "and used the experience to improve both", "STHwQaYbAMY-00622-00210159-00210491": "training and aircraft replacing biplanes", "STHwQaYbAMY-00623-00210492-00210796": "with modern cantilever monoplane and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00624-00210798-00211103": "creating a cadre of exceptional pilots", "STHwQaYbAMY-00625-00211104-00211553": "for use in the Pacific War in the United", "STHwQaYbAMY-00626-00211554-00211778": "Kingdom at the behest of Neville", "STHwQaYbAMY-00627-00211779-00212092": "Chamberlain more famous for his peace in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00628-00212094-00212192": "our time", "STHwQaYbAMY-00629-00212192-00212461": "speech the entire British aviation", "STHwQaYbAMY-00630-00212462-00212771": "industry was retooled allowing it to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00631-00212771-00213031": "change quickly from fabric-covered", "STHwQaYbAMY-00632-00213032-00213248": "metal-framed biplanes", "STHwQaYbAMY-00633-00213248-00213536": "two cantilever stressed skin mono planes", "STHwQaYbAMY-00634-00213537-00213925": "in time for the war with Germany", "STHwQaYbAMY-00635-00213926-00214267": "the period of improving the same biplane", "STHwQaYbAMY-00636-00214267-00214588": "design over and over was now coming to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00637-00214589-00214855": "an end and the Hawker hurricane and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00638-00214856-00215158": "Supermarine Spitfire finally started to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00639-00215159-00215425": "supplant the Gloster gladiator and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00640-00215426-00215731": "Hawker fury biplanes but many of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00641-00215732-00216013": "former remained in front-line service", "STHwQaYbAMY-00642-00216014-00216363": "well past the start of world war ii", "STHwQaYbAMY-00643-00216364-00216691": "while not a combatant themselves in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00644-00216692-00217006": "spain they absorbed many of the lessons", "STHwQaYbAMY-00645-00217007-00217359": "learned in time to use them", "STHwQaYbAMY-00646-00217360-00217713": "the Spanish Civil War also provided an", "STHwQaYbAMY-00647-00217714-00218081": "opportunity for updating fighter tactics", "STHwQaYbAMY-00648-00218082-00218427": "one of the innovations to result from", "STHwQaYbAMY-00649-00218428-00218700": "the aerial warfare experience this", "STHwQaYbAMY-00650-00218701-00219003": "conflict provided was the development of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00651-00219004-00219462": "the finger for formation by the German", "STHwQaYbAMY-00652-00219463-00219786": "pilot Werner molders each fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-00653-00219787-00220182": "squadron German Staffel was divided into", "STHwQaYbAMY-00654-00220183-00220461": "several flights schwöre may of four", "STHwQaYbAMY-00655-00220462-00220914": "aircraft each swarm was divided into two", "STHwQaYbAMY-00656-00220915-00221337": "Rodden which was a pair of aircraft each", "STHwQaYbAMY-00657-00221338-00221625": "wrought was composed of a leader and a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00658-00221626-00221988": "wingman this flexible formation allowed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00659-00221989-00222230": "the pilots to maintain greater", "STHwQaYbAMY-00660-00222231-00222537": "situational awareness and the two Rawdon", "STHwQaYbAMY-00661-00222538-00222834": "could split up at any time and attack on", "STHwQaYbAMY-00662-00222835-00223233": "their own the finger four would become", "STHwQaYbAMY-00663-00223234-00223471": "widely adopted as the fundamental", "STHwQaYbAMY-00664-00223473-00223776": "tactical formation over the course of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00665-00223777-00224412": "World War", "STHwQaYbAMY-00666-00224413-00225040": "topic World War two", "STHwQaYbAMY-00667-00225041-00225433": "world war 2 featured fighter combat on a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00668-00225434-00225760": "larger scale than any other conflict to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00669-00225761-00226194": "date German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel", "STHwQaYbAMY-00670-00226196-00226558": "noted the effect of airpower anyone who", "STHwQaYbAMY-00671-00226559-00226846": "has to fight even with the most modern", "STHwQaYbAMY-00672-00226846-00227185": "weapons against an enemy in complete", "STHwQaYbAMY-00673-00227186-00227494": "command of the air fights like a savage", "STHwQaYbAMY-00674-00227494-00227860": "against modern European troops under the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00675-00227861-00228229": "same handicaps and with the same chances", "STHwQaYbAMY-00676-00228230-00228446": "of success", "STHwQaYbAMY-00677-00228448-00228746": "throughout the war fighters performed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00678-00228748-00229005": "their conventional role in establishing", "STHwQaYbAMY-00679-00229006-00229302": "air superiority through combat with", "STHwQaYbAMY-00680-00229303-00229505": "other fighters and through Bomber", "STHwQaYbAMY-00681-00229506-00229823": "interception and also often performed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00682-00229825-00230142": "roles such as tactical air support and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00683-00230142-00230352": "reconnaissance", "STHwQaYbAMY-00684-00230353-00230679": "fighter design varied widely among", "STHwQaYbAMY-00685-00230680-00231033": "combatants the Japanese and Italians", "STHwQaYbAMY-00686-00231034-00231315": "favored lightly armed and armoured but", "STHwQaYbAMY-00687-00231316-00231615": "highly maneuverable designs such as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00688-00231616-00232176": "Japanese Nakajima ki nakajima ki-43 and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00689-00232177-00232653": "Mitsubishi a6m zero and Italy's Fiat G", "STHwQaYbAMY-00690-00232654-00232902": "point five zero and Macky", "STHwQaYbAMY-00691-00232903-00233408": "MC point two zero zero in contrast", "STHwQaYbAMY-00692-00233409-00233702": "designers in the United Kingdom Germany", "STHwQaYbAMY-00693-00233703-00234069": "the Soviet Union and the United States", "STHwQaYbAMY-00694-00234069-00234327": "believed that the increased speed of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00695-00234328-00234644": "fighter aircraft would create g-forces", "STHwQaYbAMY-00696-00234644-00234917": "unbearable to pilots who attempted", "STHwQaYbAMY-00697-00234919-00235185": "maneuvering dogfights typical of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00698-00235186-00235464": "First World War and their fighters were", "STHwQaYbAMY-00699-00235465-00235731": "instead optimized for speed and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00700-00235732-00236181": "firepower in practice while light highly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00701-00236182-00236446": "maneuverable aircraft did possess some", "STHwQaYbAMY-00702-00236448-00236730": "advantages in fighter versus fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-00703-00236731-00237054": "combat those could usually be overcome", "STHwQaYbAMY-00704-00237055-00237333": "by sound tactical doctrine and the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00705-00237334-00237585": "design approach of the Italians and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00706-00237586-00237861": "Japanese made their fighters ill-suited", "STHwQaYbAMY-00707-00237862-00238664": "as interceptors or attack aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00708-00238665-00239262": "topic European theater", "STHwQaYbAMY-00709-00239263-00239559": "during the invasion of Poland and the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00710-00239560-00239894": "Battle of France Luftwaffe fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00711-00239894-00240317": "primarily the messerschmitt bf-109", "STHwQaYbAMY-00712-00240317-00240719": "held air superiority and the Luftwaffe", "STHwQaYbAMY-00713-00240721-00241035": "played a major role in German victories", "STHwQaYbAMY-00714-00241036-00241440": "in these campaigns during the Battle of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00715-00241441-00241769": "Britain however British hurricanes and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00716-00241771-00242048": "Spitfires proved roughly equal to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00717-00242048-00242409": "Luftwaffe fighters additionally", "STHwQaYbAMY-00718-00242410-00242700": "Britain's radar based doubting system", "STHwQaYbAMY-00719-00242701-00242991": "directing fighters onto German attacks", "STHwQaYbAMY-00720-00242992-00243255": "and the advantages of fighting above", "STHwQaYbAMY-00721-00243256-00243546": "Britain's home territory allowed the RAF", "STHwQaYbAMY-00722-00243546-00243936": "to deny Germany air superiority saving", "STHwQaYbAMY-00723-00243937-00244284": "the UK from possible German invasion and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00724-00244285-00244611": "dealing the axis a major defeat early in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00725-00244612-00244892": "the Second World War", "STHwQaYbAMY-00726-00244892-00245213": "on the eastern front Soviet fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-00727-00245214-00245477": "forces were overwhelmed during the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00728-00245478-00245844": "opening phases of Operation Barbarossa", "STHwQaYbAMY-00729-00245846-00246152": "this was a result of the tactical", "STHwQaYbAMY-00730-00246153-00246437": "surprise at the outset of the campaign", "STHwQaYbAMY-00731-00246438-00246752": "the leadership vacuum within the Soviet", "STHwQaYbAMY-00732-00246753-00247064": "military left by the Great Purge and the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00733-00247065-00247415": "general inferiority of Soviet designs at", "STHwQaYbAMY-00734-00247416-00247810": "the time such as the obsolescent I 15 by", "STHwQaYbAMY-00735-00247811-00248296": "plane and the i-16 more modern Soviet", "STHwQaYbAMY-00736-00248298-00248615": "designs including the MIG three lagg-3", "STHwQaYbAMY-00737-00248616-00248956": "and yak one had not yet arrived in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00738-00248957-00249208": "numbers and in any case were still", "STHwQaYbAMY-00739-00249209-00249653": "inferior to the Messerschmitt Bf 109 as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00740-00249654-00250025": "a result during the early months of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00741-00250026-00250333": "these campaigns axis Air Force's", "STHwQaYbAMY-00742-00250334-00250657": "destroyed large numbers of red Air Force", "STHwQaYbAMY-00743-00250658-00250967": "aircraft on the ground and in one-sided", "STHwQaYbAMY-00744-00250967-00251206": "dogfights", "STHwQaYbAMY-00745-00251207-00251505": "in the later stages on the Eastern Front", "STHwQaYbAMY-00746-00251506-00251815": "Soviet training and leadership improved", "STHwQaYbAMY-00747-00251816-00252259": "as did their equipment since 1942 Soviet", "STHwQaYbAMY-00748-00252260-00252808": "designs such as the yakovlev yak-40 la-5", "STHwQaYbAMY-00749-00252809-00253126": "had performance comparable to the german", "STHwQaYbAMY-00750-00253127-00253866": "BF 109 and focke-wulf fw 190 also", "STHwQaYbAMY-00751-00253867-00254158": "significant numbers of British and later", "STHwQaYbAMY-00752-00254159-00254512": "US fighter aircraft were supplied to aid", "STHwQaYbAMY-00753-00254513-00254773": "the Soviet war effort as part of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00754-00254773-00255129": "lend-lease with the Bell p39 Airacobra", "STHwQaYbAMY-00755-00255130-00255444": "proving particularly effective in the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00756-00255446-00255744": "lower altitude combat typical of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00757-00255746-00256135": "Eastern Front the Soviets were also", "STHwQaYbAMY-00758-00256136-00256414": "helped indirectly by the American and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00759-00256415-00256711": "British bombing campaigns which forced", "STHwQaYbAMY-00760-00256712-00256969": "the Luftwaffe to shift many of its", "STHwQaYbAMY-00761-00256969-00257263": "fighters away from the Eastern Front in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00762-00257264-00257689": "defense against these raids the Soviets", "STHwQaYbAMY-00763-00257690-00257950": "increasingly were able to challenge the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00764-00257951-00258208": "Luftwaffe and while the Luftwaffe", "STHwQaYbAMY-00765-00258209-00258475": "maintained a qualitative edge over the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00766-00258476-00258766": "red Air Force for much of the war the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00767-00258767-00259048": "increasing numbers and efficacy of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00768-00259048-00259339": "soviet air force were critical to the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00769-00259340-00259627": "Red Army's efforts at turning back and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00770-00259628-00260019": "eventually annihilating the Vermont", "STHwQaYbAMY-00771-00260021-00260350": "meanwhile air-combat on the Western", "STHwQaYbAMY-00772-00260351-00260669": "Front had a much different character", "STHwQaYbAMY-00773-00260671-00261001": "much of this combat was centered around", "STHwQaYbAMY-00774-00261002-00261316": "the strategic bombing campaigns of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00775-00261317-00261648": "wrath and the USAAF against German", "STHwQaYbAMY-00776-00261650-00261921": "industry intended to wear down the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00777-00261923-00262372": "Luftwaffe axis fighter aircraft focused", "STHwQaYbAMY-00778-00262373-00262651": "on defending against Allied bombers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00779-00262652-00262954": "while Allied fighters main role was as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00780-00262955-00263382": "bomber escorts the RAF raided German", "STHwQaYbAMY-00781-00263383-00263716": "cities at night and both sides developed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00782-00263717-00264001": "radar equipped night fighters for these", "STHwQaYbAMY-00783-00264002-00264483": "battles the Americans in contrast flew", "STHwQaYbAMY-00784-00264484-00264828": "daylight bombing raids into Germany", "STHwQaYbAMY-00785-00264829-00265205": "Una's courted consolidated b-24", "STHwQaYbAMY-00786-00265206-00265554": "liberators and Boeing b-17 Flying", "STHwQaYbAMY-00787-00265555-00265881": "Fortress bombers however proved unable", "STHwQaYbAMY-00788-00265882-00266149": "to fend off German interceptors", "STHwQaYbAMY-00789-00266150-00266832": "primarily bf 109s and FW 190s with the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00790-00266833-00267121": "later arrival of long-range fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00791-00267122-00267468": "particularly the North American p-51", "STHwQaYbAMY-00792-00267469-00267814": "Mustang American fighters were able to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00793-00267815-00268141": "escort far into Germany on daylight", "STHwQaYbAMY-00794-00268142-00268423": "raids and established control of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00795-00268424-00268757": "skies over Western Europe", "STHwQaYbAMY-00796-00268758-00269084": "by the time of Operation Overlord in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00797-00269085-00269513": "June 1944 the Allies had gained near", "STHwQaYbAMY-00798-00269514-00269792": "complete air superiority over the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00799-00269793-00270182": "Western Front this cleared the way both", "STHwQaYbAMY-00800-00270183-00270491": "for intensified strategic bombing of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00801-00270492-00270797": "German cities and industries and for the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00802-00270798-00271138": "tactical bombing of battlefield targets", "STHwQaYbAMY-00803-00271139-00271484": "with the Luftwaffe largely cleared from", "STHwQaYbAMY-00804-00271485-00271784": "the skies allied fighters increasingly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00805-00271785-00272273": "served as attack aircraft Allied", "STHwQaYbAMY-00806-00272274-00272627": "fighters by gaining air superiority over", "STHwQaYbAMY-00807-00272628-00272870": "the European battlefield played a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00808-00272871-00273182": "crucial role in the eventual defeat of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00809-00273183-00273452": "the axis which Reich marshal Hermann", "STHwQaYbAMY-00810-00273453-00273680": "Goering commander of the German", "STHwQaYbAMY-00811-00273681-00273983": "Luftwaffe summed up when he said when I", "STHwQaYbAMY-00812-00273984-00274343": "saw Mustangs over Berlin I knew the jig", "STHwQaYbAMY-00813-00274344-00274900": "was up", "STHwQaYbAMY-00814-00274901-00275474": "topic Pacific Theater", "STHwQaYbAMY-00815-00275475-00275813": "major air combat during the war in the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00816-00275814-00276085": "Pacific began with the entry of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00817-00276086-00276416": "Western Allies following Japan's attack", "STHwQaYbAMY-00818-00276417-00276808": "against Pearl Harbor the Imperial", "STHwQaYbAMY-00819-00276809-00277133": "Japanese Navy Air Service primarily", "STHwQaYbAMY-00820-00277134-00277580": "operated the Mitsubishi a6m zero and the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00821-00277581-00277925": "Imperial Japanese Army Air Service flew", "STHwQaYbAMY-00822-00277926-00278395": "the nakajima key and the nakajima ki-43", "STHwQaYbAMY-00823-00278396-00278708": "initially enjoying great success as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00824-00278709-00278966": "these fighters generally had better", "STHwQaYbAMY-00825-00278967-00279314": "range maneuverability speed and climb", "STHwQaYbAMY-00826-00279315-00279682": "rates than their allied counterparts", "STHwQaYbAMY-00827-00279683-00279980": "additionally Japanese pilots had", "STHwQaYbAMY-00828-00279981-00280223": "received excellent training and many", "STHwQaYbAMY-00829-00280224-00280493": "were combat veterans from Japan's", "STHwQaYbAMY-00830-00280494-00280909": "campaigns in China they quickly gained", "STHwQaYbAMY-00831-00280910-00281252": "air superiority over the Allies who at", "STHwQaYbAMY-00832-00281253-00281495": "this stage of the war were often", "STHwQaYbAMY-00833-00281496-00281785": "disorganized under trained and poorly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00834-00281786-00282037": "equipped and Japanese airpower", "STHwQaYbAMY-00835-00282038-00282290": "contributed significantly to their", "STHwQaYbAMY-00836-00282291-00282572": "successes in the Philippines Malaysia", "STHwQaYbAMY-00837-00282573-00282883": "and Singapore the Dutch East Indies and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00838-00282884-00283072": "Burma", "STHwQaYbAMY-00839-00283073-00283579": "by mid-1942 the Allies began to regroup", "STHwQaYbAMY-00840-00283580-00283840": "and while some Allied aircraft such as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00841-00283841-00284197": "the Brewster Buffalo and the p39 were", "STHwQaYbAMY-00842-00284198-00284488": "hopelessly outclassed by fighters like", "STHwQaYbAMY-00843-00284489-00284815": "Japan's zero others such as the Army's", "STHwQaYbAMY-00844-00284816-00285156": "p40 and the Navy's Wildcat possessed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00845-00285157-00285450": "attributes such as superior firepower", "STHwQaYbAMY-00846-00285451-00285799": "ruggedness and dive speed and the Allies", "STHwQaYbAMY-00847-00285800-00286081": "soon developed tactics such as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00848-00286082-00286363": "thatch we to take advantage of these", "STHwQaYbAMY-00849-00286364-00286731": "strengths these changes soon paid", "STHwQaYbAMY-00850-00286732-00287058": "dividends as the Allied ability to deny", "STHwQaYbAMY-00851-00287059-00287409": "Japan air superiority was critical to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00852-00287410-00287748": "their victories at Coral Sea Midway", "STHwQaYbAMY-00853-00287749-00288202": "Guadalcanal and New Guinea in China the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00854-00288203-00288556": "Flying Tigers also used the same tactics", "STHwQaYbAMY-00855-00288557-00288778": "with some success although they were", "STHwQaYbAMY-00856-00288779-00289087": "unable to stem the tide of Japanese", "STHwQaYbAMY-00857-00289088-00289335": "advances there", "STHwQaYbAMY-00858-00289336-00289803": "by 1943 the Allies began to gain the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00859-00289804-00290113": "upper hand in the Pacific campaigns air", "STHwQaYbAMY-00860-00290114-00290583": "campaigns several factors contributed to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00861-00290584-00290873": "this shift first second-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-00862-00290874-00291214": "Allied fighters such as the Hellcat and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00863-00291215-00291678": "the p38 and later the Corsair the p-47", "STHwQaYbAMY-00864-00291679-00292113": "and the p-51 began arriving in numbers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00865-00292114-00292470": "these fighters outperformed Japanese", "STHwQaYbAMY-00866-00292471-00292754": "fighters in all respects except", "STHwQaYbAMY-00867-00292755-00293062": "maneuverability other problems with", "STHwQaYbAMY-00868-00293063-00293373": "Japan's fighter aircraft also became", "STHwQaYbAMY-00869-00293374-00293668": "apparent as the war progressed such as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00870-00293669-00293917": "their lack of armor and light armament", "STHwQaYbAMY-00871-00293918-00294162": "which made them inadequate as Bomber", "STHwQaYbAMY-00872-00294163-00294423": "interceptors or ground attack planes", "STHwQaYbAMY-00873-00294424-00294868": "rolls allied fighters excelled at most", "STHwQaYbAMY-00874-00294869-00295200": "importantly Japan's training program", "STHwQaYbAMY-00875-00295201-00295479": "failed to provide enough well-trained", "STHwQaYbAMY-00876-00295480-00295977": "pilots to replace losses in contrast the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00877-00295978-00296266": "Allies improved both the quantity and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00878-00296267-00296580": "quality of pilots graduating from their", "STHwQaYbAMY-00879-00296581-00296853": "training programs", "STHwQaYbAMY-00880-00296854-00297327": "by mid-1944 allied fighters had gained", "STHwQaYbAMY-00881-00297328-00297588": "air superiority throughout the theater", "STHwQaYbAMY-00882-00297589-00297870": "which would not be contested again", "STHwQaYbAMY-00883-00297871-00298265": "during the war the extent of Allied", "STHwQaYbAMY-00884-00298266-00298523": "quantitative and qualitative superiority", "STHwQaYbAMY-00885-00298524-00298817": "by this point in the war was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00886-00298818-00299061": "demonstrated during the Battle of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00887-00299062-00299394": "Philippine Sea a lopsided allied victory", "STHwQaYbAMY-00888-00299395-00299748": "in which Japanese fliers were downed in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00889-00299749-00300015": "such numbers and with such ease that", "STHwQaYbAMY-00890-00300016-00300309": "American fighter pilots likened it to a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00891-00300310-00300573": "great turkey shoot", "STHwQaYbAMY-00892-00300574-00300894": "late in the war Japan did begin to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00893-00300895-00301149": "produce new fighters such as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00894-00301150-00301620": "nakajima ki-84 and the Kawanishi n1k to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00895-00301621-00301902": "replace the venerable zero but these", "STHwQaYbAMY-00896-00301903-00302210": "were produced only in small numbers and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00897-00302211-00302550": "in any case by that time Japan lacked", "STHwQaYbAMY-00898-00302551-00302850": "trained pilots or sufficient fuel to", "STHwQaYbAMY-00899-00302851-00303107": "mount a sustained challenge to Allied", "STHwQaYbAMY-00900-00303108-00303509": "fighters during the closing stages of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00901-00303510-00303809": "the war Japan's fighter arm could not", "STHwQaYbAMY-00902-00303810-00304164": "seriously challenge raids over Japan by", "STHwQaYbAMY-00903-00304165-00304542": "American b-29 and was largely relegated", "STHwQaYbAMY-00904-00304543-00305284": "to kamikaze tactics", "STHwQaYbAMY-00905-00305285-00305645": "topic technological innovations", "STHwQaYbAMY-00906-00305646-00305965": "[Music]", "STHwQaYbAMY-00907-00305966-00306283": "fighter technology advanced rapidly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00908-00306284-00306538": "during the Second World War", "STHwQaYbAMY-00909-00306539-00306847": "piston engines which powered the vast", "STHwQaYbAMY-00910-00306848-00307195": "majority of World War two fighters grew", "STHwQaYbAMY-00911-00307196-00307453": "more powerful at the beginning of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00912-00307454-00307717": "war fighters typically had engines", "STHwQaYbAMY-00913-00307718-00308197": "producing between 1,000 horsepower 750", "STHwQaYbAMY-00914-00308198-00308677": "kilowatts and 1400 horsepower 1,000", "STHwQaYbAMY-00915-00308678-00308929": "kilowatts while by the end of the war", "STHwQaYbAMY-00916-00308930-00309411": "many could produce over 2,000 horsepower", "STHwQaYbAMY-00917-00309412-00309919": "1,500 kilowatts for example the Spitfire", "STHwQaYbAMY-00918-00309920-00310216": "one of the few fighters in continuous", "STHwQaYbAMY-00919-00310217-00310488": "production throughout the war was in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00920-00310489-00311128": "1939 powered by a 1030 horsepower 770", "STHwQaYbAMY-00921-00311129-00311446": "kilowatts Merlin - while variants", "STHwQaYbAMY-00922-00311447-00311821": "produced in 1945 were equipped with the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00923-00311822-00312496": "mm 35 horsepower 1517 kilowatt Griffon", "STHwQaYbAMY-00924-00312497-00312958": "61 nevertheless these fighters could", "STHwQaYbAMY-00925-00312959-00313252": "only achieve modest increases in top", "STHwQaYbAMY-00926-00313253-00313545": "speed due to problems of compressibility", "STHwQaYbAMY-00927-00313546-00313861": "created as aircraft and their propellers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00928-00313862-00314140": "approached the sound barrier and it was", "STHwQaYbAMY-00929-00314141-00314374": "apparent that propeller driven aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-00930-00314375-00314644": "were approaching the limits of their", "STHwQaYbAMY-00931-00314645-00314959": "performance German jet and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00932-00314960-00315220": "rocket-powered fighters entered combat", "STHwQaYbAMY-00933-00315221-00315661": "in 1944 too late to impact the wars", "STHwQaYbAMY-00934-00315662-00316102": "outcome the same year the Allies only", "STHwQaYbAMY-00935-00316103-00316402": "operational jet fighter the Gloster", "STHwQaYbAMY-00936-00316403-00316783": "Meteor also entered service", "STHwQaYbAMY-00937-00316784-00317143": "world war two fighters also increasingly", "STHwQaYbAMY-00938-00317144-00317446": "featured monocoque construction which", "STHwQaYbAMY-00939-00317447-00317686": "improved their aerodynamic efficiency", "STHwQaYbAMY-00940-00317687-00318127": "while adding structural strength laminar", "STHwQaYbAMY-00941-00318128-00318445": "flow wings which improved high-speed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00942-00318446-00318736": "performance also came into use on", "STHwQaYbAMY-00943-00318737-00319093": "fighters such as the p-51 while the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00944-00319094-00319381": "Messerschmitt me-262", "STHwQaYbAMY-00945-00319382-00319786": "and the messerschmitt me 163 featured", "STHwQaYbAMY-00946-00319787-00320062": "swept wings that dramatically reduced", "STHwQaYbAMY-00947-00320063-00320448": "drag at high subsonic speeds", "STHwQaYbAMY-00948-00320449-00320785": "armament also advanced during the war", "STHwQaYbAMY-00949-00320786-00321185": "the rifle caliber machine guns that were", "STHwQaYbAMY-00950-00321186-00321458": "common on pre-war fighters could not", "STHwQaYbAMY-00951-00321459-00321768": "easily down the more rugged warplanes of", "STHwQaYbAMY-00952-00321769-00322200": "the era air forces began to replace or", "STHwQaYbAMY-00953-00322201-00322484": "supplement them with cannons which fired", "STHwQaYbAMY-00954-00322485-00322767": "explosive shells that could blast a hole", "STHwQaYbAMY-00955-00322768-00323106": "in an enemy aircraft rather than relying", "STHwQaYbAMY-00956-00323107-00323412": "on kinetic energy from a solid bullet", "STHwQaYbAMY-00957-00323413-00323670": "striking a critical component of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-00958-00323671-00323994": "aircraft such as a fuel line or control", "STHwQaYbAMY-00959-00323995-00324396": "cable or the pilot cannons could bring", "STHwQaYbAMY-00960-00324397-00324707": "down even heavy bombers with just a few", "STHwQaYbAMY-00961-00324708-00324935": "hits but they're slower rate of fire", "STHwQaYbAMY-00962-00324936-00325248": "made it difficult to hit fast-moving", "STHwQaYbAMY-00963-00325249-00325704": "fighters in a dogfight eventually most", "STHwQaYbAMY-00964-00325705-00326022": "fighters mounted cannons sometimes in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00965-00326023-00326427": "combination with machine guns", "STHwQaYbAMY-00966-00326428-00326790": "the British epitomized this shift their", "STHwQaYbAMY-00967-00326791-00327192": "standard early warfighters mounted 8.30", "STHwQaYbAMY-00968-00327193-00327636": "three inch 7.7 millimeters caliber", "STHwQaYbAMY-00969-00327637-00327969": "machine guns but by mid war they often", "STHwQaYbAMY-00970-00327970-00328251": "featured a combination of machine guns", "STHwQaYbAMY-00971-00328252-00328584": "and 20 millimetres cannons and late in", "STHwQaYbAMY-00972-00328585-00329022": "the war often only cannons the Americans", "STHwQaYbAMY-00973-00329023-00329364": "in contrast had problems producing a", "STHwQaYbAMY-00974-00329365-00329688": "native cannon design so instead placed", "STHwQaYbAMY-00975-00329689-00330225": "multiple 0.5 0 caliber 12.7 millimeters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00976-00330226-00330581": "heavy machine guns on their fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00977-00330582-00330909": "fighters were also increasingly fitted", "STHwQaYbAMY-00978-00330910-00331118": "with bomb racks and air-to-surface", "STHwQaYbAMY-00979-00331119-00331422": "ordnance such as bombs or rockets", "STHwQaYbAMY-00980-00331423-00331665": "beneath their wings and pressed into", "STHwQaYbAMY-00981-00331666-00331956": "close air support roles as fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-00982-00331957-00332301": "bombers although they carried less", "STHwQaYbAMY-00983-00332302-00332583": "ordnance than light and medium bombers", "STHwQaYbAMY-00984-00332584-00332877": "and generally had a shorter range they", "STHwQaYbAMY-00985-00332878-00333168": "were cheaper to produce and maintain and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00986-00333169-00333426": "their maneuverability made it easier for", "STHwQaYbAMY-00987-00333427-00333684": "them to hit moving targets such as", "STHwQaYbAMY-00988-00333685-00334128": "motorized vehicles moreover if they", "STHwQaYbAMY-00989-00334129-00334359": "encountered enemy fighters their", "STHwQaYbAMY-00990-00334360-00334599": "ordnance which reduced lift and", "STHwQaYbAMY-00991-00334600-00334878": "increased drag and therefore decreased", "STHwQaYbAMY-00992-00334879-00335145": "performance could be jettisoned and they", "STHwQaYbAMY-00993-00335146-00335409": "could engage the enemy fighters which", "STHwQaYbAMY-00994-00335410-00335637": "eliminated the need for the fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-00995-00335638-00336054": "escorts that bombers required heavily", "STHwQaYbAMY-00996-00336055-00336336": "armed and sturdily constructed fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-00997-00336337-00336804": "such as Germany's focke-wulf fw 190", "STHwQaYbAMY-00998-00336805-00337056": "Britain's Hawker typhoon and Hawker", "STHwQaYbAMY-00999-00337057-00337596": "tempest and America's p40 Corsair p-47", "STHwQaYbAMY-01000-00337597-00337962": "and p38 all excelled as fighter bombers", "STHwQaYbAMY-01001-00337963-00338247": "and since the Second World War ground", "STHwQaYbAMY-01002-00338248-00338558": "attack has been an important secondary", "STHwQaYbAMY-01003-00338559-00338913": "capability of many fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01004-00338914-00339312": "world war two also saw the first use of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01005-00339313-00339744": "airborne radar on fighters the primary", "STHwQaYbAMY-01006-00339745-00340023": "purpose of these radars was to help", "STHwQaYbAMY-01007-00340024-00340344": "night fighters locate enemy bombers and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01008-00340345-00340686": "fighters because of the bulkiness of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01009-00340687-00340971": "these radar sets they could not be", "STHwQaYbAMY-01010-00340972-00341244": "carried on conventional single-engine", "STHwQaYbAMY-01011-00341245-00341499": "fighters and instead were typically", "STHwQaYbAMY-01012-00341500-00341793": "retrofitted to larger heavy fighters or", "STHwQaYbAMY-01013-00341794-00342018": "light bombers such as Germany's", "STHwQaYbAMY-01014-00342019-00342486": "Messerschmitt Bf 110 and Junkers do a d8", "STHwQaYbAMY-01015-00342487-00342771": "britain's mosquito and bull fighter and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01016-00342772-00343128": "america's a 20 which then served as", "STHwQaYbAMY-01017-00343129-00343602": "night fighters the northrop p-61 Black", "STHwQaYbAMY-01018-00343603-00343947": "Widow a purpose-built night fighter was", "STHwQaYbAMY-01019-00343948-00344168": "the only fighter of the war that", "STHwQaYbAMY-01020-00344169-00344438": "incorporated radar into its original", "STHwQaYbAMY-01021-00344439-00344913": "design Britain and America cooperated", "STHwQaYbAMY-01022-00344914-00345171": "closely in the development of airborne", "STHwQaYbAMY-01023-00345172-00345510": "radar and Germany's radar technology", "STHwQaYbAMY-01024-00345511-00345812": "generally lagged slightly behind", "STHwQaYbAMY-01025-00345813-00346035": "anglo-american efforts while other", "STHwQaYbAMY-01026-00346036-00346320": "combatants developed few radar-equipped", "STHwQaYbAMY-01027-00346321-00346950": "fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01028-00346951-00347473": "topic post-world War two period", "STHwQaYbAMY-01029-00347474-00347714": "you", "STHwQaYbAMY-01030-00347715-00348092": "several prototype fighter programs begun", "STHwQaYbAMY-01031-00348093-00348508": "early in 1945 continued on after the war", "STHwQaYbAMY-01032-00348509-00348815": "and led to advanced piston engine", "STHwQaYbAMY-01033-00348816-00349054": "fighters that entered production and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01034-00349055-00349418": "operational service in 1946", "STHwQaYbAMY-01035-00349419-00349825": "a typical example as the lavochkin la", "STHwQaYbAMY-01036-00349826-00350165": "nine Fritz which was an evolution of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01037-00350166-00350658": "successful wartime lavochkin la", "STHwQaYbAMY-01038-00350659-00350942": "working through a series of prototypes", "STHwQaYbAMY-01039-00350943-00351737": "the la 120 la 126 and la 130 the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01040-00351738-00351998": "lavochkin design bureau sought to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01041-00351999-00352306": "replace the la sevens wooden airframe", "STHwQaYbAMY-01042-00352307-00352568": "with a metal one as well as fit a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01043-00352569-00352882": "laminar flow wing to improve manoeuvre", "STHwQaYbAMY-01044-00352883-00353291": "performance an increased armament the la", "STHwQaYbAMY-01045-00353292-00353747": "nine entered service in August 1946 and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01046-00353748-00354148": "was produced until 1948 it also served", "STHwQaYbAMY-01047-00354149-00354422": "as the basis for the development of a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01048-00354423-00354791": "long-range escort fighter the la eleven", "STHwQaYbAMY-01049-00354792-00355260": "fame of which nearly 1200 were produced", "STHwQaYbAMY-01050-00355261-00355796": "1947 to 1951 over the course of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01051-00355797-00356114": "Korean War however it became obvious", "STHwQaYbAMY-01052-00356115-00356377": "that the day of the piston engine", "STHwQaYbAMY-01053-00356378-00356659": "fighter was coming to a close and that", "STHwQaYbAMY-01054-00356660-00356881": "the future would lie with the jet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01055-00356882-00357060": "fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-01056-00357061-00357362": "this period also witnessed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01057-00357363-00357663": "experimentation with jet assisted piston", "STHwQaYbAMY-01058-00357664-00357942": "engine aircraft la9", "STHwQaYbAMY-01059-00357943-00358251": "derivatives included examples fitted", "STHwQaYbAMY-01060-00358252-00358548": "with two underwing auxiliary pulse jet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01061-00358549-00358905": "engines the LA nine Road and a similarly", "STHwQaYbAMY-01062-00358906-00359262": "mounted pair of auxiliary ramjet engines", "STHwQaYbAMY-01063-00359263-00359715": "the LA 138 however neither of these", "STHwQaYbAMY-01064-00359716-00360084": "entered service one that did enter", "STHwQaYbAMY-01065-00360085-00360525": "service with the US Navy in March 1945", "STHwQaYbAMY-01066-00360526-00360933": "was the Ryan F R 1 fireball production", "STHwQaYbAMY-01067-00360934-00361236": "was halted with the war's end on v-j day", "STHwQaYbAMY-01068-00361237-00361617": "with only 66 having been delivered and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01069-00361618-00361913": "the type was withdrawn from service in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01070-00361914-00362562": "1947 the USAAF had ordered its first 13", "STHwQaYbAMY-01071-00362563-00362855": "mixed turboprop turbojet-powered", "STHwQaYbAMY-01072-00362856-00363080": "pre-production prototypes of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01073-00363081-00363489": "consolidated volt exp 81 fighter but", "STHwQaYbAMY-01074-00363490-00363840": "this program was also cancelled by VJ", "STHwQaYbAMY-01075-00363841-00364137": "day with 80 percent of the engineering", "STHwQaYbAMY-01076-00364138-00364809": "work completed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01077-00364810-00365510": "topic rocket-powered fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01078-00365511-00365814": "the first rocket-powered aircraft was", "STHwQaYbAMY-01079-00365815-00366032": "the lippisch Entei which made a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01080-00366033-00366494": "successful maiden flight in March 1928", "STHwQaYbAMY-01081-00366495-00366840": "the only pure rocket aircraft ever", "STHwQaYbAMY-01082-00366841-00367198": "mass-produced was the Messerschmitt me", "STHwQaYbAMY-01083-00367199-00367740": "163b comet in 1944 one of several German", "STHwQaYbAMY-01084-00367741-00368009": "World War two projects aimed at", "STHwQaYbAMY-01085-00368010-00368297": "developing high speed point defense", "STHwQaYbAMY-01086-00368298-00368921": "aircraft later variants of the me-262 C", "STHwQaYbAMY-01087-00368922-00369317": "1 a and c 2 B were also fitted with", "STHwQaYbAMY-01088-00369318-00369797": "mixed power jet rocket power plans while", "STHwQaYbAMY-01089-00369798-00370073": "earlier models were fitted with rocket", "STHwQaYbAMY-01090-00370074-00370370": "boosters but were not mass-produced with", "STHwQaYbAMY-01091-00370371-00370705": "these modifications the USSR", "STHwQaYbAMY-01092-00370706-00370930": "experimented with a rocket-powered", "STHwQaYbAMY-01093-00370931-00371153": "interceptor in the years immediately", "STHwQaYbAMY-01094-00371154-00371426": "following World War two the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01095-00371427-00371972": "mikoyan-gurevich I 270 only two were", "STHwQaYbAMY-01096-00371973-00372195": "built", "STHwQaYbAMY-01097-00372196-00372584": "in the 1950s the British developed mixed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01098-00372585-00372927": "power jet designs employing both rocket", "STHwQaYbAMY-01099-00372928-00373212": "and jet engines to cover the performance", "STHwQaYbAMY-01100-00373213-00373582": "gap that existed in turbo jet designs", "STHwQaYbAMY-01101-00373583-00373910": "the rocket was the main engine for", "STHwQaYbAMY-01102-00373911-00374175": "delivering the speed and height required", "STHwQaYbAMY-01103-00374176-00374391": "for high speed interception of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01104-00374392-00374694": "high-level bombers and the turbojet gave", "STHwQaYbAMY-01105-00374695-00375008": "increased fuel economy in other parts of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01106-00375009-00375284": "flight most notably to ensure the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01107-00375285-00375543": "aircraft was able to make a powered", "STHwQaYbAMY-01108-00375544-00375762": "landing rather than risking an", "STHwQaYbAMY-01109-00375763-00376131": "unpredictable gliding return the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01110-00376132-00376515": "saunders-roe senior 53 was a successful", "STHwQaYbAMY-01111-00376516-00376803": "design and was planned for production", "STHwQaYbAMY-01112-00376804-00377049": "when economics forced the British to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01113-00377050-00377400": "curtail most aircraft programs in the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01114-00377401-00377834": "late 1950s furthermore rapid", "STHwQaYbAMY-01115-00377835-00378092": "advancements in jet engine technology", "STHwQaYbAMY-01116-00378093-00378420": "rendered mixed power aircraft designs", "STHwQaYbAMY-01117-00378421-00378807": "like saunders rose senior 53 and the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01118-00378808-00379334": "following senior 177 obsolete the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01119-00379335-00379689": "american republic xf-90 won thunder", "STHwQaYbAMY-01120-00379690-00380001": "scepter the first u.s. fighter to exceed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01121-00380002-00380292": "Mach 1 in level flight met a similar", "STHwQaYbAMY-01122-00380293-00380622": "fate for the same reason and no hybrid", "STHwQaYbAMY-01123-00380623-00380949": "rocket and jet engine fighter design has", "STHwQaYbAMY-01124-00380950-00381354": "ever been placed into service the only", "STHwQaYbAMY-01125-00381355-00381635": "operational implementation of mixed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01126-00381636-00381939": "propulsion was rocket assisted takeoff", "STHwQaYbAMY-01127-00381940-00382281": "rado a system rarely used in fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01128-00382282-00382559": "such as with the zero length launch", "STHwQaYbAMY-01129-00382560-00382890": "rado based takeoff scheme from special", "STHwQaYbAMY-01130-00382891-00383217": "launch platforms tested out by both the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01131-00383218-00383510": "United States and the Soviet Union and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01132-00383511-00383772": "made obsolete with advancements in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01133-00383773-00384604": "surface-to-air missile technology", "STHwQaYbAMY-01134-00384605-00385274": "topic jet-powered fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01135-00385275-00385574": "it has become common in the aviation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01136-00385575-00386020": "community to classify jet fighters by", "STHwQaYbAMY-01137-00386021-00386414": "generations for historical purposes", "STHwQaYbAMY-01138-00386415-00386729": "there are no official definitions of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01139-00386730-00387059": "these generations rather they represent", "STHwQaYbAMY-01140-00387060-00387314": "the notion that there are stages in the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01141-00387315-00387596": "development of fighter design approaches", "STHwQaYbAMY-01142-00387597-00387850": "performance capabilities and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01143-00387851-00388232": "technological evolution also other", "STHwQaYbAMY-01144-00388233-00388508": "authors have packed the fighters into", "STHwQaYbAMY-01145-00388509-00388691": "different generations", "STHwQaYbAMY-01146-00388692-00389042": "for example Richard P Hallion of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01147-00389043-00389321": "Secretary of the Air Force's action", "STHwQaYbAMY-01148-00389322-00389669": "group classified the f16 as a 6th", "STHwQaYbAMY-01149-00389670-00389992": "generation jet fighter the timeframes", "STHwQaYbAMY-01150-00389993-00390269": "associated with each generation are", "STHwQaYbAMY-01151-00390270-00390569": "inexact and are only indicative of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01152-00390570-00390796": "period during which their design", "STHwQaYbAMY-01153-00390797-00391103": "philosophies and technology employment", "STHwQaYbAMY-01154-00391104-00391355": "enjoyed a prevailing influence on", "STHwQaYbAMY-01155-00391356-00391723": "fighter design and development these", "STHwQaYbAMY-01156-00391724-00392027": "timeframes also encompass the peak", "STHwQaYbAMY-01157-00392028-00392297": "period of service entry for such", "STHwQaYbAMY-01158-00392298-00392912": "aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-01159-00392913-00393332": "topic first generation subsonic jet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01160-00393333-00393746": "fighters mid 1940s to mid nineteen", "STHwQaYbAMY-01161-00393747-00394265": "fifties", "STHwQaYbAMY-01162-00394266-00394540": "the first generation of jet fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01163-00394541-00394885": "comprised the initial subsonic jet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01164-00394886-00395198": "fighter designs introduced late in World", "STHwQaYbAMY-01165-00395199-00395590": "War two and in the early post-war period", "STHwQaYbAMY-01166-00395591-00395902": "they differed little from their piston", "STHwQaYbAMY-01167-00395903-00396157": "engine counterparts in appearance and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01168-00396158-00396623": "many employed unswept wings guns and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01169-00396624-00396910": "cannon remained the principal armament", "STHwQaYbAMY-01170-00396911-00397228": "the need to obtain a decisive advantage", "STHwQaYbAMY-01171-00397229-00397544": "in maximum speed pushed the development", "STHwQaYbAMY-01172-00397545-00398050": "of turbojet powered aircraft forward top", "STHwQaYbAMY-01173-00398051-00398294": "speeds for fighters rose steadily", "STHwQaYbAMY-01174-00398295-00398599": "throughout world war ii as more powerful", "STHwQaYbAMY-01175-00398600-00398902": "piston engines were developed and was", "STHwQaYbAMY-01176-00398903-00399160": "approaching transonic flight speeds", "STHwQaYbAMY-01177-00399161-00399464": "where the efficiency of propellers drops", "STHwQaYbAMY-01178-00399465-00399757": "off making further speed increases", "STHwQaYbAMY-01179-00399758-00400038": "nearly impossible", "STHwQaYbAMY-01180-00400039-00400310": "the first Jets were developed during", "STHwQaYbAMY-01181-00400311-00400671": "World War two and saw combat in the last", "STHwQaYbAMY-01182-00400672-00401043": "two years of the war Messerschmitt", "STHwQaYbAMY-01183-00401044-00401316": "developed the first operational jet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01184-00401317-00401804": "fighter the me-262 a primarily serving", "STHwQaYbAMY-01185-00401805-00401981": "with jg7", "STHwQaYbAMY-01186-00401982-00402376": "the world's first jet fighter wing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01187-00402377-00402610": "it was considerably faster than", "STHwQaYbAMY-01188-00402611-00402940": "contemporary piston-driven aircraft and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01189-00402941-00403219": "in the hands of a competent pilot was", "STHwQaYbAMY-01190-00403220-00403510": "quite difficult for allied pilots to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01191-00403511-00403918": "defeat the design was never deployed in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01192-00403919-00404176": "numbers sufficient to stop the Allied", "STHwQaYbAMY-01193-00404177-00404491": "air campaign and a combination of fuel", "STHwQaYbAMY-01194-00404492-00404824": "shortages pilot losses and technical", "STHwQaYbAMY-01195-00404825-00405097": "difficulties with the engines kept the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01196-00405098-00405514": "number of sorties low nevertheless the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01197-00405515-00405714": "me-262", "STHwQaYbAMY-01198-00405715-00405951": "indicated the obsolescence of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01199-00405952-00406306": "piston-driven aircraft spurred by", "STHwQaYbAMY-01200-00406307-00406618": "reports of the German jet Britain's", "STHwQaYbAMY-01201-00406619-00406927": "Gloster Meteor entered production soon", "STHwQaYbAMY-01202-00406928-00407221": "after and the two entered service around", "STHwQaYbAMY-01203-00407222-00407743": "the same time in 1944 meteors were", "STHwQaYbAMY-01204-00407744-00408094": "commonly used to intercept the v1 flying", "STHwQaYbAMY-01205-00408095-00408436": "bomb as they were faster than available", "STHwQaYbAMY-01206-00408437-00408670": "piston engine fighters at the low", "STHwQaYbAMY-01207-00408671-00409050": "altitudes the flying bombs were flying", "STHwQaYbAMY-01208-00409051-00409396": "nearer the end of World War two the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01209-00409397-00409718": "first military jet powered light fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-01210-00409718-00410164": "design the Heinkel he 162 a spats", "STHwQaYbAMY-01211-00410165-00410516": "sparrow was intended to be a simple jet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01212-00410517-00410803": "fighter for German home defence with a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01213-00410804-00411124": "few examples seeing squadrons service", "STHwQaYbAMY-01214-00411125-00411760": "with jg 1 by April 1945 by the end of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01215-00411761-00412060": "the war almost all work on piston", "STHwQaYbAMY-01216-00412061-00412479": "powered fighters had ended a few designs", "STHwQaYbAMY-01217-00412480-00412787": "combining piston and jet engines for", "STHwQaYbAMY-01218-00412788-00413141": "propulsion such as the Ryan F R fireball", "STHwQaYbAMY-01219-00413142-00413460": "saw brief use but by the end of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01220-00413461-00413851": "1940s virtually all new fighters were", "STHwQaYbAMY-01221-00413852-00414069": "jet-powered", "STHwQaYbAMY-01222-00414070-00414408": "despite their advantages the early jet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01223-00414409-00414774": "fighters were far from perfect the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01224-00414775-00415083": "operational lifespan of turbines were", "STHwQaYbAMY-01225-00415084-00415291": "very short and engines were", "STHwQaYbAMY-01226-00415292-00415516": "temperamental while power could be", "STHwQaYbAMY-01227-00415517-00415833": "adjusted only slowly and acceleration", "STHwQaYbAMY-01228-00415834-00415929": "was poor", "STHwQaYbAMY-01229-00415930-00416247": "even if top speed was higher compared to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01230-00416248-00416609": "the final generation of piston fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01231-00416610-00416982": "many squadrons of piston engine fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01232-00416983-00417281": "were retained until the early to mid", "STHwQaYbAMY-01233-00417282-00417609": "1950s even in the air forces of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01234-00417610-00417897": "major powers though the types retained", "STHwQaYbAMY-01235-00417898-00418152": "were the best of the world war ii", "STHwQaYbAMY-01236-00418153-00418358": "designs", "STHwQaYbAMY-01237-00418359-00418689": "innovations including ejection seats air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01238-00418690-00419016": "brakes and all moving tail planes became", "STHwQaYbAMY-01239-00419017-00419385": "widespread in this period", "STHwQaYbAMY-01240-00419387-00419721": "the Americans began using jet fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01241-00419722-00420052": "operationally post-war the wartime Bell", "STHwQaYbAMY-01242-00420053-00420483": "P 59 having proven itself a failure", "STHwQaYbAMY-01243-00420484-00420931": "the Lockheed p80 shooting star soon read", "STHwQaYbAMY-01244-00420932-00421264": "designated fa d was less elegant than", "STHwQaYbAMY-01245-00421264-00421705": "the swept-wing me 262 but had a crew", "STHwQaYbAMY-01246-00421706-00422245": "speed 660 kilometers per hour 410 miles", "STHwQaYbAMY-01247-00422246-00422572": "per hour as high as the maximum speed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01248-00422572-00422854": "attainable by many piston engine", "STHwQaYbAMY-01249-00422855-00423243": "fighters the British designed several", "STHwQaYbAMY-01250-00423245-00423508": "new Jets including the distinctive", "STHwQaYbAMY-01251-00423509-00423826": "single engine twin boom de Havilland", "STHwQaYbAMY-01252-00423827-00424159": "vampire which was sold to the air forces", "STHwQaYbAMY-01253-00424160-00424433": "of many nations", "STHwQaYbAMY-01254-00424434-00424643": "the British transferred the technology", "STHwQaYbAMY-01255-00424644-00425022": "of the rolls-royce nene jet engine to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01256-00425022-00425318": "the soviet who soon put it to use in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01257-00425319-00425633": "their advanced mikoyan-gurevich mig-15", "STHwQaYbAMY-01258-00425634-00425970": "fighter which used fully swept wings", "STHwQaYbAMY-01259-00425971-00426270": "that allowed flying closer to the speed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01260-00426271-00426600": "of sound than straight wing design such", "STHwQaYbAMY-01261-00426601-00427420": "as the fa d it's top speed of 1075 km/h", "STHwQaYbAMY-01262-00427421-00427808": "668 miles per hour proved quite a shock", "STHwQaYbAMY-01263-00427809-00428085": "to the american f80 pilots who", "STHwQaYbAMY-01264-00428085-00428355": "encountered them in the Korean War along", "STHwQaYbAMY-01265-00428356-00428645": "with their armament of two 23", "STHwQaYbAMY-01266-00428646-00428981": "millimeters cannons and a single 37", "STHwQaYbAMY-01267-00428982-00429389": "millimeters cannon nevertheless in the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01268-00429390-00429702": "first jet vs. jet dogfight which", "STHwQaYbAMY-01269-00429703-00429975": "occurred during the Korean War on the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01270-00429976-00430416": "8th of November 1950 an F 80 shot down", "STHwQaYbAMY-01271-00430417-00430877": "to North Korean mig-15s", "STHwQaYbAMY-01272-00430878-00431164": "the Americans responded by rushing their", "STHwQaYbAMY-01273-00431166-00431429": "own swept-wing fighter the north", "STHwQaYbAMY-01274-00431430-00431837": "american f-86 saber into battle against", "STHwQaYbAMY-01275-00431838-00432149": "the MiG's which had similar transonic", "STHwQaYbAMY-01276-00432150-00432503": "performance the two aircraft had", "STHwQaYbAMY-01277-00432504-00432752": "different strengths and weaknesses but", "STHwQaYbAMY-01278-00432753-00433031": "were similar enough that victory could", "STHwQaYbAMY-01279-00433032-00433185": "go either way", "STHwQaYbAMY-01280-00433187-00433493": "while the Sabres were focused primarily", "STHwQaYbAMY-01281-00433493-00433853": "on downing MiG's and scored favorably", "STHwQaYbAMY-01282-00433854-00434087": "against those flown by the poorly", "STHwQaYbAMY-01283-00434088-00434437": "trained North Koreans the MiG's in turn", "STHwQaYbAMY-01284-00434438-00434762": "decimated u.s. bomber formations and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01285-00434763-00434987": "forced the withdrawal of numerous", "STHwQaYbAMY-01286-00434988-00435437": "American types from operational service", "STHwQaYbAMY-01287-00435438-00435772": "the world's navies also transition to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01288-00435774-00436082": "Jets during this period despite the need", "STHwQaYbAMY-01289-00436083-00436310": "for catapult launching of the new", "STHwQaYbAMY-01290-00436310-00436766": "aircraft the grumman f9f panther was", "STHwQaYbAMY-01291-00436767-00437075": "adopted by the US navy as their primary", "STHwQaYbAMY-01292-00437076-00437426": "jet fighter in the korean war period and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01293-00437427-00437714": "it was one of the first jet fighters to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01294-00437714-00438101": "employ an afterburner the de Havilland", "STHwQaYbAMY-01295-00438102-00438437": "sea vampire was the Royal Navy's first", "STHwQaYbAMY-01296-00438438-00438812": "jet fighter radar was used on", "STHwQaYbAMY-01297-00438813-00439106": "specialized night fighters such as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01298-00439107-00439412": "Douglas F 3d sky Knight which also", "STHwQaYbAMY-01299-00439413-00439760": "downed MiG's over Korea and later fitted", "STHwQaYbAMY-01300-00439760-00440047": "to the mcdonnell f2h banshee and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01301-00440049-00440375": "swept-wing bought f7u cutlass and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01302-00440376-00440710": "McDonnell f3h daemon as all-weather", "STHwQaYbAMY-01303-00440712-00441089": "night fighters early versions of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01304-00441089-00441533": "infrared IR air-to-air missiles a AMS", "STHwQaYbAMY-01305-00441534-00441863": "such as the aim-9 sidewinder and radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-01306-00441864-00442114": "guided missiles such as the aim-7", "STHwQaYbAMY-01307-00442114-00442447": "Sparrow whose descendants are still in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01308-00442449-00442777": "use were first introduced on swept-wing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01309-00442778-00443066": "subsonic demon and Cutlass naval", "STHwQaYbAMY-01310-00443067-00443655": "fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01311-00443656-00444134": "topic second generation jet fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01312-00444135-00444948": "mid-1950s to early 1960s", "STHwQaYbAMY-01313-00444949-00445208": "the development of second-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01314-00445209-00445527": "fighters was shaped by technological", "STHwQaYbAMY-01315-00445528-00445779": "breakthroughs lessons learned from the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01316-00445780-00446097": "aerial battles of the Korean War and a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01317-00446098-00446395": "focus on conducting operations in a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01318-00446396-00446754": "nuclear warfare environment", "STHwQaYbAMY-01319-00446755-00447070": "technological advances in aerodynamics", "STHwQaYbAMY-01320-00447071-00447300": "propulsion and aerospace building", "STHwQaYbAMY-01321-00447301-00447645": "materials primarily aluminium alloys", "STHwQaYbAMY-01322-00447646-00447948": "permitted designers to experiment with", "STHwQaYbAMY-01323-00447949-00448252": "aeronautical innovations such as swept", "STHwQaYbAMY-01324-00448253-00448575": "wings Delta wings an area ruled", "STHwQaYbAMY-01325-00448576-00449029": "fuselages widespread use of afterburning", "STHwQaYbAMY-01326-00449030-00449322": "turbojet engines made these the first", "STHwQaYbAMY-01327-00449323-00449589": "production aircraft to break the sound", "STHwQaYbAMY-01328-00449590-00449889": "barrier and the ability to sustain", "STHwQaYbAMY-01329-00449889-00450231": "supersonic speeds in level flight became", "STHwQaYbAMY-01330-00450232-00450543": "a common capability amongst fighters of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01331-00450544-00450787": "this generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01332-00450788-00451141": "fighter designs also took advantage of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01333-00451142-00451447": "new electronics technologies that made", "STHwQaYbAMY-01334-00451448-00451741": "effective radars small enough to carry", "STHwQaYbAMY-01335-00451742-00452185": "aboard smaller aircraft onboard radars", "STHwQaYbAMY-01336-00452186-00452434": "permitted detection of enemy aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-01337-00452435-00452822": "beyond visual range thereby improving", "STHwQaYbAMY-01338-00452822-00453149": "the handoff of targets by longer ranged", "STHwQaYbAMY-01339-00453150-00453564": "ground-based warning and tracking radars", "STHwQaYbAMY-01340-00453565-00453908": "similarly advances in guided missile", "STHwQaYbAMY-01341-00453909-00454184": "development allowed air-to-air missiles", "STHwQaYbAMY-01342-00454185-00454462": "to begin supplementing the gun as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01343-00454463-00454741": "primary offensive weapon for the first", "STHwQaYbAMY-01344-00454742-00455135": "time in fighter history during this", "STHwQaYbAMY-01345-00455135-00455480": "period passive homing infrared guided I", "STHwQaYbAMY-01346-00455481-00455807": "our missiles became commonplace but", "STHwQaYbAMY-01347-00455808-00456112": "early IR missile sensors had poor", "STHwQaYbAMY-01348-00456113-00456418": "sensitivity and a very narrow field of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01349-00456419-00456725": "view typically no more than 30 degrees", "STHwQaYbAMY-01350-00456726-00457043": "which limited their effective use to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01351-00457043-00457459": "only close range tail chase engagements", "STHwQaYbAMY-01352-00457460-00457877": "radar guided RF missiles were introduced", "STHwQaYbAMY-01353-00457878-00458180": "as well but early examples proved", "STHwQaYbAMY-01354-00458181-00458560": "unreliable these semi-active radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-01355-00458561-00458930": "homing SAR missiles could track and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01356-00458931-00459356": "intercept an enemy aircraft painted by", "STHwQaYbAMY-01357-00459357-00459691": "the launching aircrafts onboard radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-01358-00459692-00460045": "medium and long-range RF air-to-air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01359-00460046-00460328": "missiles promised to open up a new", "STHwQaYbAMY-01360-00460329-00460874": "dimension of beyond visual range BV our", "STHwQaYbAMY-01361-00460875-00461204": "combat and much effort was placed in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01362-00461205-00461624": "further development of this technology", "STHwQaYbAMY-01363-00461625-00461935": "the prospect of a potential third world", "STHwQaYbAMY-01364-00461937-00462257": "war featuring large mechanized armies", "STHwQaYbAMY-01365-00462258-00462533": "and nuclear weapon strikes led to a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01366-00462534-00462875": "degree of specialization along to design", "STHwQaYbAMY-01367-00462876-00463175": "approaches interceptors such as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01368-00463176-00463370": "English Electric lightning and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01369-00463371-00463742": "mikoyan-gurevich mig-21 F and fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-01370-00463743-00464137": "bombers such as the republic f-105", "STHwQaYbAMY-01371-00464138-00464578": "Thunderchief and the sukhoi su-7 be", "STHwQaYbAMY-01372-00464579-00464978": "dogfighting per se was de-emphasized", "STHwQaYbAMY-01373-00464979-00465326": "in both cases the Interceptor was an", "STHwQaYbAMY-01374-00465327-00465572": "outgrowth of the vision that guided", "STHwQaYbAMY-01375-00465572-00465851": "missiles would completely replace guns", "STHwQaYbAMY-01376-00465852-00466142": "and combat would take place at beyond", "STHwQaYbAMY-01377-00466143-00466528": "visual range --is as a result", "STHwQaYbAMY-01378-00466529-00466802": "interceptors were designed with a large", "STHwQaYbAMY-01379-00466803-00467125": "missile payload and a powerful radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-01380-00467126-00467420": "sacrificing agility in favor of high", "STHwQaYbAMY-01381-00467421-00467803": "speed altitude ceiling and rate of climb", "STHwQaYbAMY-01382-00467804-00468224": "with a primary air defense role emphasis", "STHwQaYbAMY-01383-00468225-00468524": "was placed on the ability to intercept", "STHwQaYbAMY-01384-00468525-00468785": "strategic bombers flying at high", "STHwQaYbAMY-01385-00468785-00469201": "altitudes specialized point defense", "STHwQaYbAMY-01386-00469202-00469532": "interceptors often had limited range and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01387-00469533-00469927": "little if any ground attack capabilities", "STHwQaYbAMY-01388-00469928-00470279": "fighter bombers could swing between air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01389-00470280-00470609": "superiority and ground-attack roles and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01390-00470610-00470921": "were often designed for a high speed low", "STHwQaYbAMY-01391-00470922-00471339": "altitude - to deliver their ordnance", "STHwQaYbAMY-01392-00471341-00471568": "television and I are guided", "STHwQaYbAMY-01393-00471570-00471845": "air-to-surface missiles were introduced", "STHwQaYbAMY-01394-00471846-00472168": "to augment traditional gravity bombs and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01395-00472170-00472421": "some were also equipped to deliver a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01396-00472422-00472801": "nuclear bomb", "STHwQaYbAMY-01397-00472802-00473095": "topic third-generation jet fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01398-00473096-00473689": "early 1960s to circa 1970 the third", "STHwQaYbAMY-01399-00473689-00473935": "generation witnessed continued", "STHwQaYbAMY-01400-00473935-00474177": "maturation of second-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01401-00474178-00474475": "innovations but it is most marked by", "STHwQaYbAMY-01402-00474476-00474787": "renewed emphasis on maneuverability and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01403-00474788-00475075": "traditional ground attack capabilities", "STHwQaYbAMY-01404-00475076-00475591": "over the course of the 1960's increasing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01405-00475592-00475910": "combat experience with guided missiles", "STHwQaYbAMY-01406-00475912-00476176": "demonstrated that combat would devolve", "STHwQaYbAMY-01407-00476177-00476674": "into close in dogfights analog avionics", "STHwQaYbAMY-01408-00476675-00477018": "began to appear replacing older steam", "STHwQaYbAMY-01409-00477020-00477399": "gauge cockpit instrumentation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01410-00477400-00477637": "enhancements to the aerodynamic", "STHwQaYbAMY-01411-00477638-00477925": "performance of third generation fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01412-00477926-00478237": "included flight control surfaces such as", "STHwQaYbAMY-01413-00478238-00478674": "canards powered sleds and blown flaps a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01414-00478675-00478984": "number of technologies would be tried", "STHwQaYbAMY-01415-00478985-00479293": "for vertical short takeoff and landing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01416-00479293-00479568": "but thrust vectoring would be successful", "STHwQaYbAMY-01417-00479570-00479745": "on the harrier", "STHwQaYbAMY-01418-00479746-00480145": "growth in air combat capability focused", "STHwQaYbAMY-01419-00480146-00480339": "on the introduction of improved", "STHwQaYbAMY-01420-00480341-00480691": "air-to-air missiles radar systems and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01421-00480692-00481081": "other avionics while guns remain", "STHwQaYbAMY-01422-00481082-00481435": "standard equipment early models of f4", "STHwQaYbAMY-01423-00481435-00481714": "being a notable exception air-to-air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01424-00481714-00482043": "missiles became the primary weapons for", "STHwQaYbAMY-01425-00482045-00482347": "air superiority fighters which employed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01426-00482347-00482599": "more sophisticated radars and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01427-00482600-00482988": "medium-range RFA m/s to achieve greater", "STHwQaYbAMY-01428-00482989-00483303": "standoff ranges however kill", "STHwQaYbAMY-01429-00483304-00483607": "probabilities proved unexpectedly low", "STHwQaYbAMY-01430-00483608-00483979": "for RF missiles due to poor reliability", "STHwQaYbAMY-01431-00483980-00484258": "and improved electronic countermeasures", "STHwQaYbAMY-01432-00484259-00484789": "ECM for spoofing radar seekers infrared", "STHwQaYbAMY-01433-00484789-00485113": "homing aam saw their fields of view", "STHwQaYbAMY-01434-00485114-00485493": "expand to 45 degrees which strengthened", "STHwQaYbAMY-01435-00485495-00485851": "their tactical usability nevertheless", "STHwQaYbAMY-01436-00485852-00486172": "the low dogfight loss exchange", "STHwQaYbAMY-01437-00486172-00486514": "ratios experienced by American fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01438-00486514-00486859": "in the skies over Vietnam led the US", "STHwQaYbAMY-01439-00486860-00487180": "Navy to establish its famous TopGun", "STHwQaYbAMY-01440-00487181-00487477": "fighter weapons school which provided a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01441-00487478-00487785": "graduate level curriculum to Train fleet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01442-00487787-00488092": "fighter pilots in advanced air combat", "STHwQaYbAMY-01443-00488093-00488407": "maneuvering ACM and dissimilar air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01444-00488408-00488821": "combat training dact tactics and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01445-00488822-00489199": "techniques this era also saw an", "STHwQaYbAMY-01446-00489200-00489504": "expansion in ground attack capabilities", "STHwQaYbAMY-01447-00489505-00489763": "principally in guided missiles and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01448-00489764-00490021": "witnessed the introduction of the first", "STHwQaYbAMY-01449-00490022-00490339": "truly effective avionics for enhanced", "STHwQaYbAMY-01450-00490339-00490579": "ground attack including terrain", "STHwQaYbAMY-01451-00490580-00490914": "avoidance systems air-to-surface", "STHwQaYbAMY-01452-00490914-00491259": "missiles ASM equipped with", "STHwQaYbAMY-01453-00491260-00491587": "electro-optical eeo contrast seekers", "STHwQaYbAMY-01454-00491588-00491872": "such as the initial model of the widely", "STHwQaYbAMY-01455-00491872-00492346": "used agm-65 maverick became standard", "STHwQaYbAMY-01456-00492347-00492747": "weapons and laser-guided bombs LGBs", "STHwQaYbAMY-01457-00492748-00493081": "became widespread in effort to improve", "STHwQaYbAMY-01458-00493082-00493504": "precision attack capabilities guidance", "STHwQaYbAMY-01459-00493505-00493900": "for such precision guided munitions PGM", "STHwQaYbAMY-01460-00493901-00494167": "was provided by externally mounted", "STHwQaYbAMY-01461-00494168-00494509": "targeting pods which were introduced in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01462-00494510-00494964": "the mid 1960s it also led to the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01463-00494966-00495222": "development of new automatic fire", "STHwQaYbAMY-01464-00495223-00495597": "weapons primarily chain guns that use an", "STHwQaYbAMY-01465-00495598-00495904": "electric motor to drive the mechanism of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01466-00495905-00496054": "a cannon", "STHwQaYbAMY-01467-00496055-00496375": "this allowed a plane to carry a single", "STHwQaYbAMY-01468-00496376-00496670": "multi-barrel weapon such as the 20", "STHwQaYbAMY-01469-00496671-00496958": "millimeters Vulcan and provided greater", "STHwQaYbAMY-01470-00496959-00497397": "accuracy and rate of fire power plant", "STHwQaYbAMY-01471-00497398-00497656": "reliability increased and jet engines", "STHwQaYbAMY-01472-00497657-00497993": "became smokeless to make it harder to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01473-00497993-00498387": "sight aircraft at long distances", "STHwQaYbAMY-01474-00498388-00498695": "dedicated ground attack aircraft like", "STHwQaYbAMY-01475-00498696-00499099": "the Grumman a-6 intruder se PE C 80", "STHwQaYbAMY-01476-00499100-00499595": "Jaguar and LTV a-7 corsair ii offered", "STHwQaYbAMY-01477-00499596-00499906": "longer range more sophisticated night", "STHwQaYbAMY-01478-00499907-00500185": "attack systems or lower cost than", "STHwQaYbAMY-01479-00500185-00500500": "supersonic fighters with", "STHwQaYbAMY-01480-00500501-00500908": "variable-geometry wings the supersonic", "STHwQaYbAMY-01481-00500909-00501272": "f-111 introduced the pratt & whitney TF", "STHwQaYbAMY-01482-00501272-00501599": "30 the first turbofan equipped with", "STHwQaYbAMY-01483-00501600-00502010": "afterburner the ambitious project sought", "STHwQaYbAMY-01484-00502010-00502310": "to create a versatile common fighter for", "STHwQaYbAMY-01485-00502310-00502618": "many roles and services", "STHwQaYbAMY-01486-00502618-00502860": "it would serve well as an all-weather", "STHwQaYbAMY-01487-00502862-00503146": "bomber but lacked the performance to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01488-00503147-00503581": "defeat other fighters the McDonnell f4", "STHwQaYbAMY-01489-00503582-00503872": "phantom was designed around radar and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01490-00503872-00504081": "missiles as an all-weather interceptor", "STHwQaYbAMY-01491-00504082-00504424": "but emerged as a versatile strike bomber", "STHwQaYbAMY-01492-00504425-00504735": "nimble enough to prevail in air combat", "STHwQaYbAMY-01493-00504737-00505114": "adopted by the US Navy Air Force and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01494-00505114-00505455": "Marine Corps despite numerous", "STHwQaYbAMY-01495-00505456-00505732": "shortcomings that would be not be fully", "STHwQaYbAMY-01496-00505733-00506005": "addressed until newer fighters the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01497-00506006-00506407": "Phantom claimed 280 aerial kills more", "STHwQaYbAMY-01498-00506408-00506781": "than any other u.s. fighter over Vietnam", "STHwQaYbAMY-01499-00506782-00507166": "with range and payload capabilities that", "STHwQaYbAMY-01500-00507167-00507447": "rivaled that of world war ii bombers", "STHwQaYbAMY-01501-00507449-00507850": "such as b-24 Liberator the phantom would", "STHwQaYbAMY-01502-00507851-00508138": "become a highly successful multi-role", "STHwQaYbAMY-01503-00508139-00508423": "aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-01504-00508424-00508760": "topic fourth-generation jet fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01505-00508760-00509285": "circa 1972 mid 1990s 4th generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01506-00509285-00509554": "fighters continued the trend towards", "STHwQaYbAMY-01507-00509555-00509821": "multi-role configurations and were", "STHwQaYbAMY-01508-00509822-00510093": "equipped with increasingly sophisticated", "STHwQaYbAMY-01509-00510094-00510385": "avionics and weapon systems", "STHwQaYbAMY-01510-00510385-00510700": "fighter designs were significantly", "STHwQaYbAMY-01511-00510701-00511012": "influenced by the energy manoeuvrability", "STHwQaYbAMY-01512-00511013-00511345": "e/m theory developed by Colonel John", "STHwQaYbAMY-01513-00511346-00511658": "Boyd and mathematician Thomas Christie", "STHwQaYbAMY-01514-00511659-00512027": "based upon Boyd's combat experience in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01515-00512028-00512323": "the Korean War and as a fighter tactics", "STHwQaYbAMY-01516-00512324-00512860": "instructor during the 1960's e/m theory", "STHwQaYbAMY-01517-00512861-00513131": "emphasized the value of aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-01518-00513132-00513397": "specific energy maintenance as an", "STHwQaYbAMY-01519-00513398-00513766": "advantage in fighter combat Boyd", "STHwQaYbAMY-01520-00513767-00514064": "perceived maneuverability as the primary", "STHwQaYbAMY-01521-00514064-00514431": "means of getting inside an adversary's", "STHwQaYbAMY-01522-00514432-00514754": "decision-making cycle a process void", "STHwQaYbAMY-01523-00514755-00515068": "called the OODA loop for observation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01524-00515068-00515335": "orientation decision action", "STHwQaYbAMY-01525-00515335-00515675": "this approach emphasized aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-01526-00515676-00515923": "designs that were capable of performing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01527-00515924-00516306": "fast transients quick changes in speed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01528-00516307-00516658": "altitude and direction as opposed to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01529-00516659-00517035": "relying chiefly on high speed alone", "STHwQaYbAMY-01530-00517036-00517393": "eeehm characteristics were first applied", "STHwQaYbAMY-01531-00517394-00517762": "to the McDonnell Douglas f-15 Eagle but", "STHwQaYbAMY-01532-00517763-00518023": "Boyd and his supporters believed these", "STHwQaYbAMY-01533-00518024-00518287": "performance parameters called for a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01534-00518288-00518612": "small lightweight aircraft with a larger", "STHwQaYbAMY-01535-00518613-00518847": "higher lift wing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01536-00518848-00519195": "the small size would minimize drag and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01537-00519196-00519451": "increase the thrust-to-weight ratio", "STHwQaYbAMY-01538-00519452-00519691": "while the larger wing would minimize", "STHwQaYbAMY-01539-00519692-00519979": "wing loading while the reduced wing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01540-00519980-00520293": "loading tends to lower top speed and can", "STHwQaYbAMY-01541-00520295-00520395": "cut range", "STHwQaYbAMY-01542-00520396-00520699": "it increases payload capacity and the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01543-00520700-00520975": "range reduction can be compensated for", "STHwQaYbAMY-01544-00520976-00521437": "by increased fuel in the larger wing the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01545-00521438-00521731": "efforts of Boyd's fighter mafia would", "STHwQaYbAMY-01546-00521732-00522045": "result in the General Dynamics f-16", "STHwQaYbAMY-01547-00522046-00522388": "Fighting Falcon now Lockheed Martin's", "STHwQaYbAMY-01548-00522389-00522843": "the f-16s maneuverability was further", "STHwQaYbAMY-01549-00522845-00523150": "enhanced by its slight aerodynamic", "STHwQaYbAMY-01550-00523151-00523518": "instability this technique called", "STHwQaYbAMY-01551-00523520-00524002": "relaxed static stability RSS was made", "STHwQaYbAMY-01552-00524003-00524242": "possible by introduction of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01553-00524243-00524733": "fly-by-wire fbw flight control system", "STHwQaYbAMY-01554-00524734-00525085": "flcs which in turn was enabled by", "STHwQaYbAMY-01555-00525086-00525370": "advances in computers and system", "STHwQaYbAMY-01556-00525371-00525802": "integration techniques analog avionics", "STHwQaYbAMY-01557-00525803-00526252": "required to enable fbw operations became", "STHwQaYbAMY-01558-00526253-00526549": "a fundamental requirement and began to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01559-00526550-00526837": "be replaced by digital flight control", "STHwQaYbAMY-01560-00526838-00527289": "systems in the latter half of the 1980s", "STHwQaYbAMY-01561-00527290-00527626": "likewise full authority digital engine", "STHwQaYbAMY-01562-00527627-00528007": "controls FADEC to electronically manage", "STHwQaYbAMY-01563-00528008-00528280": "power plant performance was introduced", "STHwQaYbAMY-01564-00528281-00528733": "with the pratt & whitney f100 turbofan", "STHwQaYbAMY-01565-00528734-00529178": "the f16 sole reliance on electronics and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01566-00529179-00529487": "wires to relay flight commands instead", "STHwQaYbAMY-01567-00529488-00529768": "of the usual cables and mechanical", "STHwQaYbAMY-01568-00529769-00530078": "linkage controls earned it the sobriquet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01569-00530079-00530587": "of the electric jet electronic flcs and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01570-00530588-00530845": "FADEC quickly became essential", "STHwQaYbAMY-01571-00530846-00531110": "components of all subsequent fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-01572-00531111-00531533": "designs other innovative technologies", "STHwQaYbAMY-01573-00531534-00531847": "introduced in fourth generation fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01574-00531848-00532139": "include pulse doppler fire control", "STHwQaYbAMY-01575-00532140-00532525": "radars providing a look down shoot down", "STHwQaYbAMY-01576-00532526-00532910": "capability head-up displays HUD hands-on", "STHwQaYbAMY-01577-00532911-00533281": "throttle and stick HOTAS controls and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01578-00533282-00533656": "multifunction displays MFD all now", "STHwQaYbAMY-01579-00533657-00534074": "essentially equipment aircraft designers", "STHwQaYbAMY-01580-00534075-00534410": "began to incorporate composite materials", "STHwQaYbAMY-01581-00534411-00534720": "in the form of bonded aluminum honeycomb", "STHwQaYbAMY-01582-00534721-00535018": "structural elements and graphite epoxy", "STHwQaYbAMY-01583-00535019-00535493": "laminate skins to reduce weight infrared", "STHwQaYbAMY-01584-00535494-00535895": "search and track irst sensors became", "STHwQaYbAMY-01585-00535896-00536149": "widespread for air-to-ground weapons", "STHwQaYbAMY-01586-00536150-00536402": "delivery and appeared for air-to-air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01587-00536403-00537016": "combat as well all aspect IRA AM became", "STHwQaYbAMY-01588-00537017-00537343": "standard air superiority weapons which", "STHwQaYbAMY-01589-00537344-00537589": "permitted engagement of enemy aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-01590-00537590-00537899": "from any angle although the field of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01591-00537900-00538280": "view remained relatively limited the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01592-00538281-00538655": "first long-range active radar homing RF", "STHwQaYbAMY-01593-00538656-00538972": "aam entered service with the aim-54", "STHwQaYbAMY-01594-00538973-00539272": "phoenix which solely equipped the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01595-00539273-00539610": "grumman f-14 tomcat one of the few", "STHwQaYbAMY-01596-00539611-00539945": "variable-sweep wing fighter designs to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01597-00539946-00540268": "enter production even with the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01598-00540269-00540503": "tremendous advancement of air-to-air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01599-00540504-00540856": "missiles in this era internal guns were", "STHwQaYbAMY-01600-00540857-00541162": "standard equipment", "STHwQaYbAMY-01601-00541163-00541523": "another revolution came in the form of a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01602-00541524-00541769": "stronger reliance on ease of maintenance", "STHwQaYbAMY-01603-00541770-00542105": "which led to standardization of parts", "STHwQaYbAMY-01604-00542106-00542378": "reductions in the numbers of access", "STHwQaYbAMY-01605-00542379-00542636": "panels and lubrication points and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01606-00542637-00542900": "overall parts reduction in more", "STHwQaYbAMY-01607-00542901-00543235": "complicated equipment like the engines", "STHwQaYbAMY-01608-00543236-00543626": "some early jet fighters required 50", "STHwQaYbAMY-01609-00543627-00543929": "man-hours of work by a ground crew for", "STHwQaYbAMY-01610-00543930-00544190": "every hour the aircraft was in the air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01611-00544191-00544532": "later models substantially reduced this", "STHwQaYbAMY-01612-00544533-00544868": "to allow faster turnaround times and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01613-00544869-00545240": "more sorties in a day some modern", "STHwQaYbAMY-01614-00545241-00545606": "military aircraft only required 10 man", "STHwQaYbAMY-01615-00545607-00545888": "hours of work per hour of flight time", "STHwQaYbAMY-01616-00545889-00546321": "and others are even more efficient", "STHwQaYbAMY-01617-00546322-00546595": "aerodynamic innovations included", "STHwQaYbAMY-01618-00546596-00546907": "variable camber wings and exploitation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01619-00546908-00547171": "of the vortex lift effect to achieve", "STHwQaYbAMY-01620-00547172-00547444": "higher angles of attack through the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01621-00547445-00547681": "addition of leading-edge extension", "STHwQaYbAMY-01622-00547682-00547984": "devices such as straights", "STHwQaYbAMY-01623-00547985-00548329": "unlike interceptors of the previous eras", "STHwQaYbAMY-01624-00548330-00548637": "most fourth generation air superiority", "STHwQaYbAMY-01625-00548638-00548962": "fighters were designed to be agile dog", "STHwQaYbAMY-01626-00548963-00549307": "fighters although the Mikoyan mig-31 and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01627-00549308-00549652": "panavia tornado ADV are notable", "STHwQaYbAMY-01628-00549653-00550072": "exceptions the continually rising cost", "STHwQaYbAMY-01629-00550073-00550351": "of fighters however continued to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01630-00550352-00550615": "emphasize the value of multi-role", "STHwQaYbAMY-01631-00550616-00550993": "fighters the need for both types of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01632-00550994-00551506": "fighters led to the hi-low mix concept", "STHwQaYbAMY-01633-00551507-00551794": "which envisioned a high capability and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01634-00551795-00552046": "high cost core of dedicated air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01635-00552047-00552403": "superiority fighters like the f-15 and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01636-00552404-00552733": "su-27 supplemented by a larger", "STHwQaYbAMY-01637-00552734-00553018": "contingent of lower-cost multi-role", "STHwQaYbAMY-01638-00553019-00553566": "fighters such as the f-16 and mig-29", "STHwQaYbAMY-01639-00553567-00553906": "most fourth-generation fighters such as", "STHwQaYbAMY-01640-00553907-00554284": "the McDonnell Douglas f-18 Hornet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01641-00554285-00554701": "H alt giuse and disowned mirage 2000 are", "STHwQaYbAMY-01642-00554702-00555028": "true multi-role warplanes designed as", "STHwQaYbAMY-01643-00555029-00555457": "such from the start this was facilitated", "STHwQaYbAMY-01644-00555458-00555747": "by multimode avionics that could switch", "STHwQaYbAMY-01645-00555748-00556107": "seamlessly between air and ground modes", "STHwQaYbAMY-01646-00556108-00556432": "the earlier approaches of adding on", "STHwQaYbAMY-01647-00556433-00556678": "strike capabilities or designing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01648-00556679-00556945": "separate models specialized for", "STHwQaYbAMY-01649-00556946-00557263": "different roles generally became passe", "STHwQaYbAMY-01650-00557264-00557554": "with the panavia tornado being an", "STHwQaYbAMY-01651-00557555-00557953": "exception in this regard attack roles", "STHwQaYbAMY-01652-00557954-00558241": "were generally assigned to dedicated", "STHwQaYbAMY-01653-00558242-00558624": "ground attack aircraft such as the Suho", "STHwQaYbAMY-01654-00558625-00559094": "su-25 in the a-10 Thunderbolt 2", "STHwQaYbAMY-01655-00559095-00559469": "a typical US Air Force fighter wing of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01656-00559470-00559748": "the period might contain a mix of one", "STHwQaYbAMY-01657-00559749-00560207": "air superiority squadron f-15c one", "STHwQaYbAMY-01658-00560208-00560627": "strike fighter squadron f-15e and two", "STHwQaYbAMY-01659-00560628-00560987": "multi-role fighter squadrons f-16 C", "STHwQaYbAMY-01660-00560988-00561299": "perhaps the most novel technology", "STHwQaYbAMY-01661-00561300-00561590": "introduced for combat aircraft was", "STHwQaYbAMY-01662-00561591-00561812": "stealth which involves the use of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01663-00561813-00562334": "special low-observable elloe materials", "STHwQaYbAMY-01664-00562335-00562621": "and design techniques to reduce the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01665-00562622-00562859": "susceptibility of an aircraft to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01666-00562860-00563162": "detection by the enemy's sensor systems", "STHwQaYbAMY-01667-00563163-00563591": "particularly radars the first stealth", "STHwQaYbAMY-01668-00563592-00563890": "aircraft introduced were the Lockheed", "STHwQaYbAMY-01669-00563891-00564244": "f-117 nighthawk attack aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-01670-00564245-00564635": "introduced in 1983 and the Northrop", "STHwQaYbAMY-01671-00564636-00565030": "Grumman b-2 spirit bomber first flew in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01672-00565031-00565499": "1989 although no stealthy fighters per", "STHwQaYbAMY-01673-00565500-00565750": "se appeared among the fourth-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01674-00565751-00566102": "some radar absorbent coatings and other", "STHwQaYbAMY-01675-00566103-00566363": "ello treatments developed for these", "STHwQaYbAMY-01676-00566364-00566605": "programs are reported to have been", "STHwQaYbAMY-01677-00566606-00566804": "subsequently applied to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01678-00566805-00567537": "fourth-generation fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01679-00567538-00568157": "topic 4.5 third generation jet fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01680-00568158-00568809": "1990s to 2000", "STHwQaYbAMY-01681-00568810-00569295": "the end of the Cold War in 1991 led many", "STHwQaYbAMY-01682-00569296-00569555": "governments to significantly decrease", "STHwQaYbAMY-01683-00569556-00569972": "military spending as a peace dividend", "STHwQaYbAMY-01684-00569973-00570432": "Air Force inventories were cut research", "STHwQaYbAMY-01685-00570433-00570776": "and development programs working on", "STHwQaYbAMY-01686-00570777-00571197": "fifth-generation fighters took serious", "STHwQaYbAMY-01687-00571198-00571542": "hits many programs were canceled during", "STHwQaYbAMY-01688-00571543-00571896": "the first half of the 1990s and those", "STHwQaYbAMY-01689-00571897-00572337": "that survived were stretched out while", "STHwQaYbAMY-01690-00572338-00572580": "the practice of slowing the pace of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01691-00572581-00572895": "development reduces annual investment", "STHwQaYbAMY-01692-00572896-00573177": "expenses it comes at the penalty of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01693-00573178-00573528": "increased overall program and unit costs", "STHwQaYbAMY-01694-00573529-00573882": "over the long term in this instance", "STHwQaYbAMY-01695-00573883-00574215": "however it also permitted designers to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01696-00574216-00574464": "make use of the tremendous achievement", "STHwQaYbAMY-01697-00574465-00574745": "being made in the fields of computers", "STHwQaYbAMY-01698-00574746-00575046": "avionics and other flight electronics", "STHwQaYbAMY-01699-00575047-00575352": "which had become possible largely due to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01700-00575353-00575663": "the advances made in microchip and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01701-00575664-00576024": "semiconductor technologies in the 1980s", "STHwQaYbAMY-01702-00576025-00576507": "and 1990s this opportunity enabled", "STHwQaYbAMY-01703-00576508-00576767": "designers to develop fourth-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01704-00576768-00577164": "designs or redesigns with significantly", "STHwQaYbAMY-01705-00577165-00577581": "enhanced capabilities these improved", "STHwQaYbAMY-01706-00577582-00578048": "designs have become known as generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01707-00578049-00578442": "4.5 fighters recognizing their", "STHwQaYbAMY-01708-00578443-00578694": "intermediate nature between the fourth", "STHwQaYbAMY-01709-00578695-00578931": "and fifth generations and their", "STHwQaYbAMY-01710-00578932-00579210": "contribution in furthering development", "STHwQaYbAMY-01711-00579211-00579461": "of individual fifth-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01712-00579462-00579706": "technologies", "STHwQaYbAMY-01713-00579707-00580022": "the primary characteristics of this sub", "STHwQaYbAMY-01714-00580023-00580274": "generation are the application of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01715-00580275-00580591": "advanced digital avionics and aerospace", "STHwQaYbAMY-01716-00580592-00580925": "materials modest signature reduction", "STHwQaYbAMY-01717-00580926-00581360": "primarily RF stealth and highly", "STHwQaYbAMY-01718-00581361-00581699": "integrated systems and weapons these", "STHwQaYbAMY-01719-00581700-00581983": "fighters have been designed to operate", "STHwQaYbAMY-01720-00581984-00582356": "in a network centric battlefield", "STHwQaYbAMY-01721-00582357-00582583": "environment and are principally", "STHwQaYbAMY-01722-00582584-00582893": "multi-role aircraft key weapons", "STHwQaYbAMY-01723-00582894-00583202": "technologies introduced include beyond", "STHwQaYbAMY-01724-00583203-00583649": "visual range bvr a AMS Global", "STHwQaYbAMY-01725-00583650-00584062": "Positioning System GPS guided weapons", "STHwQaYbAMY-01726-00584063-00584339": "solid-state phased array radars", "STHwQaYbAMY-01727-00584340-00584704": "helmet-mounted sight and improved secure", "STHwQaYbAMY-01728-00584705-00585101": "jamming resistant data links thrust", "STHwQaYbAMY-01729-00585102-00585391": "vectoring to further improve transient", "STHwQaYbAMY-01730-00585392-00585683": "maneuvering capabilities has also been", "STHwQaYbAMY-01731-00585684-00586008": "adopted by many four point five th", "STHwQaYbAMY-01732-00586009-00586291": "generation fighters and up rated power", "STHwQaYbAMY-01733-00586292-00586595": "plants have enabled some designs to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01734-00586596-00587051": "achieve a degree of supercruise ability", "STHwQaYbAMY-01735-00587052-00587362": "stealth characteristics are focused", "STHwQaYbAMY-01736-00587363-00587656": "primarily on frontal aspect radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-01737-00587657-00588050": "cross-section RCS signature reduction", "STHwQaYbAMY-01738-00588051-00588329": "techniques including radar absorbent", "STHwQaYbAMY-01739-00588330-00588701": "materials Ram LL coatings and limited", "STHwQaYbAMY-01740-00588702-00588947": "shaping techniques", "STHwQaYbAMY-01741-00588948-00589391": "path generation designs are either based", "STHwQaYbAMY-01742-00589392-00589691": "on existing airframes or are based on", "STHwQaYbAMY-01743-00589692-00589991": "new airframes following similar design", "STHwQaYbAMY-01744-00589992-00590267": "theory to previous iterations", "STHwQaYbAMY-01745-00590268-00590528": "however these modifications have", "STHwQaYbAMY-01746-00590529-00590756": "introduced the structural use of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01747-00590757-00591041": "composite materials to reduce weight", "STHwQaYbAMY-01748-00591042-00591362": "greater fuel fractions to increase range", "STHwQaYbAMY-01749-00591363-00591671": "and signature reduction treatments to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01750-00591672-00592001": "achieve lower RCS compared to their", "STHwQaYbAMY-01751-00592002-00592391": "predecessors prime examples of such", "STHwQaYbAMY-01752-00592392-00592688": "aircraft which are based on new airframe", "STHwQaYbAMY-01753-00592689-00592982": "designs making extensive use of carbon", "STHwQaYbAMY-01754-00592983-00593342": "fiber composites include the Eurofighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-01755-00593343-00593801": "Typhoon de Sol rafail and Saab Jazz 39", "STHwQaYbAMY-01756-00593802-00593995": "Gripen", "STHwQaYbAMY-01757-00593996-00594322": "apart from these fighter jets most of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01758-00594323-00594733": "the 4.5 generation aircraft are actually", "STHwQaYbAMY-01759-00594734-00595051": "modified variants of existing airframes", "STHwQaYbAMY-01760-00595052-00595320": "from the earlier fourth generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01761-00595321-00595705": "fighter jets such fighter jets are", "STHwQaYbAMY-01762-00595706-00596002": "generally heavier and examples include", "STHwQaYbAMY-01763-00596003-00596458": "the Boeing f-18 e F Super Hornet which", "STHwQaYbAMY-01764-00596459-00596860": "is an evolution of the 1970s fa-18", "STHwQaYbAMY-01765-00596861-00597319": "Hornet design the f-15e Strike Eagle", "STHwQaYbAMY-01766-00597320-00597604": "which is a ground attack multi-role", "STHwQaYbAMY-01767-00597605-00598008": "variant of the f-15 Eagle the su-30mki", "STHwQaYbAMY-01768-00598009-00598477": "and su-30mkk variants of the Sukhoi", "STHwQaYbAMY-01769-00598478-00599115": "su-30 and the mig-29m mig-29k and mig-35", "STHwQaYbAMY-01770-00599116-00599562": "upgraded versions of the Mikoyan mig-29", "STHwQaYbAMY-01771-00599563-00600112": "the su-30mki and mig-35 feature thrust", "STHwQaYbAMY-01772-00600113-00600391": "vectoring engine nozzles to enhance", "STHwQaYbAMY-01773-00600392-00600637": "manoeuvring", "STHwQaYbAMY-01774-00600638-00601033": "4.5 generation fighters first entered", "STHwQaYbAMY-01775-00601034-00601427": "service in the early 1990s and most of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01776-00601428-00601654": "them are still being produced and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01777-00601655-00602054": "evolved it is quite possible that they", "STHwQaYbAMY-01778-00602055-00602316": "may continue in production alongside", "STHwQaYbAMY-01779-00602317-00602608": "fifth-generation fighters due to the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01780-00602609-00602893": "expense of developing the advanced level", "STHwQaYbAMY-01781-00602894-00603172": "of stealth technology needed to achieve", "STHwQaYbAMY-01782-00603173-00603502": "aircraft designs featuring very low", "STHwQaYbAMY-01783-00603503-00603856": "observables VLO which is one of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01784-00603857-00604116": "defining features of fifth-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01785-00604117-00604620": "fighters of the 4.5 th generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01786-00604621-00605012": "designs the Strike Eagle Super Hornet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01787-00605013-00605393": "Typhoon Gripen and rafail have been used", "STHwQaYbAMY-01788-00605394-00605622": "in combat", "STHwQaYbAMY-01789-00605623-00606042": "the US government has defined 4.5", "STHwQaYbAMY-01790-00606043-00606331": "generation fighter aircraft as those", "STHwQaYbAMY-01791-00606332-00606636": "that one have advanced capabilities", "STHwQaYbAMY-01792-00606637-00607120": "including a a ISA radar B high-capacity", "STHwQaYbAMY-01793-00607121-00607618": "data link and C enhanced avionics and to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01794-00607619-00607927": "have the ability to deploy current and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01795-00607928-00608182": "reasonably foreseeable advanced", "STHwQaYbAMY-01796-00608183-00608787": "armaments", "STHwQaYbAMY-01797-00608788-00609333": "topic fifth-generation jet fighters 2005", "STHwQaYbAMY-01798-00609334-00609814": "to the present", "STHwQaYbAMY-01799-00609815-00610069": "currently the cutting-edge of fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-01800-00610070-00610378": "design fifth-generation fighters are", "STHwQaYbAMY-01801-00610379-00610660": "characterized by being designed from the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01802-00610661-00610936": "start to operate in a network centric", "STHwQaYbAMY-01803-00610937-00611172": "combat environment and to feature", "STHwQaYbAMY-01804-00611173-00611452": "extremely low all-aspect", "STHwQaYbAMY-01805-00611453-00611734": "multi spectral signatures employing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01806-00611735-00611977": "advanced materials and shaping", "STHwQaYbAMY-01807-00611978-00612385": "techniques they have multifunction a ISA", "STHwQaYbAMY-01808-00612386-00612651": "radars with high bandwidth low", "STHwQaYbAMY-01809-00612652-00613038": "probability of intercept LPI data", "STHwQaYbAMY-01810-00613039-00613465": "transmission capabilities the infrared", "STHwQaYbAMY-01811-00613466-00613765": "search and track sensors incorporated", "STHwQaYbAMY-01812-00613766-00614053": "for air-to-air combat as well as for", "STHwQaYbAMY-01813-00614054-00614334": "air-to-ground weapons delivery in the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01814-00614335-00614767": "4.5 th generation fighters are now fused", "STHwQaYbAMY-01815-00614768-00615061": "in with other sensors for situational", "STHwQaYbAMY-01816-00615062-00615544": "awareness irst or si irst which", "STHwQaYbAMY-01817-00615545-00615802": "constantly tracks all targets of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01818-00615803-00616057": "interest around the aircraft so the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01819-00616058-00616398": "pilot need not guess when he glances", "STHwQaYbAMY-01820-00616399-00616744": "these sensors along with advanced", "STHwQaYbAMY-01821-00616745-00617041": "avionics glass cockpits helmet-mounted", "STHwQaYbAMY-01822-00617042-00617503": "sight not currently on f-22 and improved", "STHwQaYbAMY-01823-00617504-00617917": "secure jamming resistant LPI data links", "STHwQaYbAMY-01824-00617918-00618189": "are highly integrated to provide", "STHwQaYbAMY-01825-00618190-00618523": "multi-platform multi sensor data fusion", "STHwQaYbAMY-01826-00618524-00618760": "for vastly improved situational", "STHwQaYbAMY-01827-00618761-00619072": "awareness while easing the pilots", "STHwQaYbAMY-01828-00619073-00619247": "workload", "STHwQaYbAMY-01829-00619248-00619598": "avionics Suites rely on extensive use of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01830-00619599-00619979": "very high-speed integrated circuit VHS", "STHwQaYbAMY-01831-00619980-00620345": "IC technology common modules and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01832-00620346-00620783": "high-speed data buses overall the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01833-00620784-00621053": "integration of all these elements as", "STHwQaYbAMY-01834-00621054-00621286": "claimed to provide fifth-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01835-00621287-00621671": "fighters with a first look first shot", "STHwQaYbAMY-01836-00621672-00622076": "first kill capability", "STHwQaYbAMY-01837-00622077-00622348": "a key attribute of fifth-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01838-00622349-00622774": "fighters as a small radar cross-section", "STHwQaYbAMY-01839-00622775-00623123": "great care has been taken in designing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01840-00623124-00623393": "its layout an internal structure to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01841-00623394-00623762": "minimize RCS over a broadband width of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01842-00623763-00624070": "detection and tracking radar frequencies", "STHwQaYbAMY-01843-00624071-00624392": "furthermore to maintain its VLO", "STHwQaYbAMY-01844-00624393-00624667": "signature during combat operations", "STHwQaYbAMY-01845-00624668-00624998": "primary weapons are carried in internal", "STHwQaYbAMY-01846-00624999-00625310": "weapon bays that are only briefly open", "STHwQaYbAMY-01847-00625311-00625667": "to permit weapon launch furthermore", "STHwQaYbAMY-01848-00625668-00625967": "stealth technology has advanced to the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01849-00625968-00626243": "point where it can be employed without a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01850-00626244-00626549": "trade-off with aerodynamics performance", "STHwQaYbAMY-01851-00626550-00626914": "in contrast to previous stealth efforts", "STHwQaYbAMY-01852-00626915-00627278": "some attention has also been paid to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01853-00627279-00627661": "reducing IR signatures especially on the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01854-00627662-00628097": "f-22 detailed information on these", "STHwQaYbAMY-01855-00628098-00628343": "signature reduction techniques as", "STHwQaYbAMY-01856-00628344-00628628": "classified but in general includes", "STHwQaYbAMY-01857-00628629-00628963": "special shaping approaches thermoset and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01858-00628964-00629252": "thermoplastic materials extensive", "STHwQaYbAMY-01859-00629253-00629546": "structural use of advanced composite", "STHwQaYbAMY-01860-00629547-00629837": "conformal sensors heat resistant", "STHwQaYbAMY-01861-00629838-00630167": "coatings low-observable wire meshes to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01862-00630168-00630440": "cover intake and cooling vents heat", "STHwQaYbAMY-01863-00630441-00630710": "ablating tiles on the exhaust troughs", "STHwQaYbAMY-01864-00630711-00631130": "seen on the northrop yf-23 encoding", "STHwQaYbAMY-01865-00631131-00631418": "internal and external metal areas with", "STHwQaYbAMY-01866-00631419-00631757": "radar absorbent materials and paint Ram", "STHwQaYbAMY-01867-00631758-00631968": "wrap", "STHwQaYbAMY-01868-00631969-00632238": "the a ISA radar offers unique", "STHwQaYbAMY-01869-00632239-00632527": "capabilities for fighters and it is also", "STHwQaYbAMY-01870-00632528-00632776": "quickly becoming essential for", "STHwQaYbAMY-01871-00632777-00633172": "generation 4.5 aircraft designs as well", "STHwQaYbAMY-01872-00633173-00633447": "as being retrofitted onto some", "STHwQaYbAMY-01873-00633448-00633859": "fourth-generation aircraft in addition", "STHwQaYbAMY-01874-00633860-00634201": "to its high resistance to ECM and LPI", "STHwQaYbAMY-01875-00634202-00634501": "features it enables the fighter to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01876-00634502-00635043": "function as a sort of many a WACS", "STHwQaYbAMY-01877-00635044-00635374": "providing high gain electronic support", "STHwQaYbAMY-01878-00635375-00635806": "measures ESM an electronic warfare EU", "STHwQaYbAMY-01879-00635807-00636232": "jamming functions other technologies", "STHwQaYbAMY-01880-00636233-00636514": "common to this latest generation of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01881-00636515-00636826": "fighters includes integrated electronic", "STHwQaYbAMY-01882-00636827-00637147": "warfare system i news technology", "STHwQaYbAMY-01883-00637148-00637563": "integrated communications navigation and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01884-00637564-00637970": "identification C&I avionics technology", "STHwQaYbAMY-01885-00637971-00638409": "centralized vehicle health monitoring", "STHwQaYbAMY-01886-00638410-00638728": "systems for ease of maintenance fibre", "STHwQaYbAMY-01887-00638729-00638812": "optics", "STHwQaYbAMY-01888-00638813-00639118": "data transmission stealth technology and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01889-00639119-00639538": "even hovering capabilities maneuver", "STHwQaYbAMY-01890-00639539-00639802": "performance remains important and as", "STHwQaYbAMY-01891-00639803-00640108": "enhanced by thrust vectoring which also", "STHwQaYbAMY-01892-00640109-00640402": "helps reduce takeoff and landing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01893-00640403-00640855": "distances super crews may or may not be", "STHwQaYbAMY-01894-00640856-00641155": "featured it permits flight at supersonic", "STHwQaYbAMY-01895-00641156-00641383": "speeds without the use of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01896-00641384-00641695": "afterburner a device that significantly", "STHwQaYbAMY-01897-00641696-00642085": "increases IR signature when used in full", "STHwQaYbAMY-01898-00642086-00642383": "military power", "STHwQaYbAMY-01899-00642384-00642729": "such aircraft are sophisticated and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01900-00642730-00643062": "expensive the fifth generation was", "STHwQaYbAMY-01901-00643063-00643382": "ushered in by the Lockheed Martin Boeing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01902-00643383-00643977": "f-22 Raptor in late 2005 the US Air", "STHwQaYbAMY-01903-00643978-00644414": "Force originally planned to acquire 650", "STHwQaYbAMY-01904-00644415-00644553": "f-22s", "STHwQaYbAMY-01905-00644554-00645023": "but now only 187 will be built as a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01906-00645024-00645423": "result its unit flyaway cost FAC is", "STHwQaYbAMY-01907-00645424-00645893": "around 150 million United States dollars", "STHwQaYbAMY-01908-00645894-00646218": "to spread the development costs and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01909-00646219-00646548": "production base more broadly the Joint", "STHwQaYbAMY-01910-00646549-00646959": "Strike Fighter JSF program enrolls eight", "STHwQaYbAMY-01911-00646960-00647256": "other countries as cost and risk sharing", "STHwQaYbAMY-01912-00647257-00647691": "partners altogether the nine partner", "STHwQaYbAMY-01913-00647692-00648084": "nations anticipate procuring over 3,000", "STHwQaYbAMY-01914-00648085-00648390": "lockheed martin f-35 lightning ii", "STHwQaYbAMY-01915-00648391-00648723": "fighters at an anticipated average fact", "STHwQaYbAMY-01916-00648724-00649428": "of $80 - 85 million the f-35 however is", "STHwQaYbAMY-01917-00649429-00649680": "designed to be a family of three", "STHwQaYbAMY-01918-00649681-00649968": "aircraft a conventional takeoff and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01919-00649969-00650373": "landing si tol fighter a short takeoff", "STHwQaYbAMY-01920-00650374-00650790": "and vertical landing stov L fighter and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01921-00650791-00651117": "a catapult assisted takeoff but arrested", "STHwQaYbAMY-01922-00651118-00651561": "recovery si ATO ba our fighter each of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01923-00651562-00651831": "which has a different unit price and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01924-00651832-00652134": "slightly varying specifications in terms", "STHwQaYbAMY-01925-00652135-00652470": "of fuel capacity and therefore range", "STHwQaYbAMY-01926-00652471-00652768": "size and payload", "STHwQaYbAMY-01927-00652769-00653016": "other countries have initiated", "STHwQaYbAMY-01928-00653017-00653302": "fifth-generation fighter development", "STHwQaYbAMY-01929-00653303-00653710": "projects with Russia's Suh Hye soo 57 in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01930-00653711-00654268": "McKoy and LM FS in December 2010 it was", "STHwQaYbAMY-01931-00654269-00654559": "discovered that China is developing the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01932-00654560-00654963": "fifth generation fighter Chengdu j-20", "STHwQaYbAMY-01933-00654964-00655326": "the j-20 took its maiden flight in", "STHwQaYbAMY-01934-00655327-00655918": "January 2011 the Shenyang j-31 took its", "STHwQaYbAMY-01935-00655919-00656257": "maiden flight on the 31st of October", "STHwQaYbAMY-01936-00656258-00656752": "2012 Japan as exploring its technical", "STHwQaYbAMY-01937-00656753-00657042": "feasibility to produce fifth-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01938-00657043-00657400": "fighters India as developing the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01939-00657401-00657772": "advanced medium combat aircraft emka a", "STHwQaYbAMY-01940-00657773-00658030": "medium weight stealth fighter jet", "STHwQaYbAMY-01941-00658031-00658291": "designated to enter into serial", "STHwQaYbAMY-01942-00658292-00658819": "production by late 2030s India also had", "STHwQaYbAMY-01943-00658820-00659149": "initiated a joint fifth-generation heavy", "STHwQaYbAMY-01944-00659150-00659553": "fighter with Russia called the fgfa as", "STHwQaYbAMY-01945-00659554-00660046": "of 2018 may the project is suspected to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01946-00660047-00660331": "have not yielded desired progress or", "STHwQaYbAMY-01947-00660332-00660631": "results for India and has been put on", "STHwQaYbAMY-01948-00660632-00660979": "hold or dropped altogether other", "STHwQaYbAMY-01949-00660980-00661240": "countries considering fielding an", "STHwQaYbAMY-01950-00661241-00661564": "indigenous or semi indigenous advanced", "STHwQaYbAMY-01951-00661565-00661897": "fifth-generation aircraft include Korea", "STHwQaYbAMY-01952-00661898-00662604": "Sweden and Turkey", "STHwQaYbAMY-01953-00662605-00663347": "topic sixth-generation jet fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-01954-00663348-00663860": "as of November 2018 France Germany Japan", "STHwQaYbAMY-01955-00663861-00664181": "Russia the United Kingdom and the United", "STHwQaYbAMY-01956-00664182-00664500": "States have announced the development of", "STHwQaYbAMY-01957-00664501-00664925": "a sixth generation aircraft program", "STHwQaYbAMY-01958-00664926-00665246": "France and Germany will develop a joint", "STHwQaYbAMY-01959-00665247-00665572": "6th generation fighter to replace their", "STHwQaYbAMY-01960-00665573-00665815": "current fleet of disarray fails", "STHwQaYbAMY-01961-00665816-00666128": "Eurofighter typhoons and panavia tornado", "STHwQaYbAMY-01962-00666129-00666707": "z' by 2035 the overall development will", "STHwQaYbAMY-01963-00666708-00667010": "be led by a collaboration of diso and", "STHwQaYbAMY-01964-00667011-00667289": "Airbus while the engines will reportedly", "STHwQaYbAMY-01965-00667290-00667640": "be jointly developed by Safran and MTU", "STHwQaYbAMY-01966-00667641-00668171": "aero engines dailies and MBDA are also", "STHwQaYbAMY-01967-00668172-00668621": "seeking a stake in the project Spain is", "STHwQaYbAMY-01968-00668622-00668870": "reportedly planning to join the program", "STHwQaYbAMY-01969-00668871-00669170": "in the later stages and is expected to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01970-00669171-00669538": "sign a letter of intent in early 2019", "STHwQaYbAMY-01971-00669539-00669878": "currently at the concept stage the first", "STHwQaYbAMY-01972-00669879-00670235": "6th generation jet fighter is expected", "STHwQaYbAMY-01973-00670236-00670502": "to enter service in the United States", "STHwQaYbAMY-01974-00670503-00670949": "Air Force and United States Navy in 2025", "STHwQaYbAMY-01975-00670950-00671119": "230 period", "STHwQaYbAMY-01976-00671120-00671542": "the USAF seeks a new fighter for the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01977-00671543-00672031": "2032 50 period named the next-generation", "STHwQaYbAMY-01978-00672032-00672697": "tactical aircraft next gen TAC AI are", "STHwQaYbAMY-01979-00672698-00673169": "the u.s. Navy looks to replace its fa-18", "STHwQaYbAMY-01980-00673170-00673607": "II F Super Hornets beginning in 2025", "STHwQaYbAMY-01981-00673608-00673910": "with the next generation air dominance", "STHwQaYbAMY-01982-00673911-00674213": "air superiority fighter the United", "STHwQaYbAMY-01983-00674214-00674288": "Kingdom's", "STHwQaYbAMY-01984-00674289-00674525": "proposed stealth fighter as being", "STHwQaYbAMY-01985-00674526-00674741": "developed by a European consortium", "STHwQaYbAMY-01986-00674742-00675101": "called team tempest consisting of BAE", "STHwQaYbAMY-01987-00675102-00675647": "Systems rolls-royce Leonardo SP a an MB", "STHwQaYbAMY-01988-00675648-00675836": "da", "STHwQaYbAMY-01989-00675837-00676097": "the aircraft has intended to enter", "STHwQaYbAMY-01990-00676098-00676843": "service in 2035", "STHwQaYbAMY-01991-00676844-00677266": "topic fighter weapons", "STHwQaYbAMY-01992-00677267-00677464": "you", "STHwQaYbAMY-01993-00677465-00677731": "throughout the history of air combat", "STHwQaYbAMY-01994-00677732-00678077": "fighters which by surprise or maneuver", "STHwQaYbAMY-01995-00678078-00678362": "attained a good firing position have", "STHwQaYbAMY-01996-00678363-00678745": "achieved the kill about 1/3 to 1/2 the", "STHwQaYbAMY-01997-00678746-00679089": "time no matter what weapons were carried", "STHwQaYbAMY-01998-00679090-00679472": "the only major historic exception to", "STHwQaYbAMY-01999-00679473-00679687": "this has been the low effectiveness", "STHwQaYbAMY-02000-00679688-00680036": "shown by guided missiles in the first 1", "STHwQaYbAMY-02001-00680037-00680419": "to 2 decades of their existence", "STHwQaYbAMY-02002-00680420-00680743": "from World War 1 to the present fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-02003-00680744-00681058": "aircraft have featured machine guns and", "STHwQaYbAMY-02004-00681059-00681337": "automatic cannons as weapons and they", "STHwQaYbAMY-02005-00681338-00681628": "are still considered as essential backup", "STHwQaYbAMY-02006-00681629-00682015": "weapons today the power of air-to-air", "STHwQaYbAMY-02007-00682016-00682384": "guns has increased greatly over time and", "STHwQaYbAMY-02008-00682385-00682597": "has kept them relevant in the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02009-00682598-00683041": "guided-missile era in World War one two", "STHwQaYbAMY-02010-00683042-00683350": "rifle caliber machine guns was the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02011-00683351-00683617": "typical armament producing a weight of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02012-00683618-00684214": "fire of about 0.4 kilograms 0.88 pounds", "STHwQaYbAMY-02013-00684215-00684628": "per second the standard world war ii", "STHwQaYbAMY-02014-00684629-00685090": "american fighter armament of six 0.50", "STHwQaYbAMY-02015-00685091-00685387": "cal twelve point seven millimeters", "STHwQaYbAMY-02016-00685388-00685696": "machine guns fired a bullet weight of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02017-00685697-00685912": "approximately three point seven", "STHwQaYbAMY-02018-00685913-00686323": "kilograms sec eight point one pounds sec", "STHwQaYbAMY-02019-00686324-00686773": "at a muzzle velocity of 856 meters per", "STHwQaYbAMY-02020-00686774-00687037": "second two thousand eight hundred ten", "STHwQaYbAMY-02021-00687038-00687412": "feet per second British and German", "STHwQaYbAMY-02022-00687413-00687718": "aircraft tended to use a mix of machine", "STHwQaYbAMY-02023-00687719-00688048": "guns and autocannon the latter firing", "STHwQaYbAMY-02024-00688049-00688346": "explosive projectiles", "STHwQaYbAMY-02025-00688347-00688745": "the modern m61 Vulcan 20 millimeters", "STHwQaYbAMY-02026-00688746-00689037": "rotating barrel Gatling gun that is", "STHwQaYbAMY-02027-00689038-00689306": "standard on current American fighters", "STHwQaYbAMY-02028-00689307-00689591": "fires a projectile weight of about 10", "STHwQaYbAMY-02029-00689592-00689939": "kilograms per second 22 pounds per", "STHwQaYbAMY-02030-00689940-00690245": "second nearly three times that of six", "STHwQaYbAMY-02031-00690246-00690602": "zero point five zero Cal machine guns", "STHwQaYbAMY-02032-00690603-00691041": "with higher velocity of 1,050 two meters", "STHwQaYbAMY-02033-00691042-00691241": "per second", "STHwQaYbAMY-02034-00691242-00691589": "3450 feet per second supporting a", "STHwQaYbAMY-02035-00691590-00691858": "flatter trajectory and with exploding", "STHwQaYbAMY-02036-00691859-00692316": "projectiles modern fighter gun systems", "STHwQaYbAMY-02037-00692317-00692618": "also feature ranging radar and lead", "STHwQaYbAMY-02038-00692619-00692931": "computing electronic gun sights to ease", "STHwQaYbAMY-02039-00692932-00693218": "the problem of aim point to compensate", "STHwQaYbAMY-02040-00693219-00693479": "for projectile drop in time of flight", "STHwQaYbAMY-02041-00693480-00693704": "target lead in the complex", "STHwQaYbAMY-02042-00693705-00693947": "three-dimensional maneuvering of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02043-00693948-00694377": "air-to-air combat however getting in", "STHwQaYbAMY-02044-00694378-00694625": "position to use the guns as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02045-00694626-00695027": "challenge the range of guns is longer", "STHwQaYbAMY-02046-00695028-00695327": "than in the past but still quite limited", "STHwQaYbAMY-02047-00695328-00695612": "compared to missiles with modern gun", "STHwQaYbAMY-02048-00695613-00695897": "systems having a maximum effective range", "STHwQaYbAMY-02049-00695898-00696364": "of approximately 1,000 meters high", "STHwQaYbAMY-02050-00696365-00696752": "probability of kill also requires firing", "STHwQaYbAMY-02051-00696753-00696981": "to usually occur from the rear", "STHwQaYbAMY-02052-00696982-00697364": "hemisphere of the target despite these", "STHwQaYbAMY-02053-00697365-00697673": "limits when pilots are well-trained in", "STHwQaYbAMY-02054-00697674-00697958": "air-to-air gunnery and these conditions", "STHwQaYbAMY-02055-00697959-00698321": "are satisfied gun systems are tactically", "STHwQaYbAMY-02056-00698322-00698682": "effective and highly cost efficient", "STHwQaYbAMY-02057-00698683-00699018": "the cost of a gun firing pass as far", "STHwQaYbAMY-02058-00699019-00699276": "less than firing a missile and the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02059-00699277-00699537": "projectiles are not subject to the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02060-00699538-00699795": "thermal and electronic countermeasures", "STHwQaYbAMY-02061-00699796-00700203": "then can sometimes defeat missiles when", "STHwQaYbAMY-02062-00700204-00700416": "the enemy can be approached to within", "STHwQaYbAMY-02063-00700417-00700785": "gun range the lethality of guns as", "STHwQaYbAMY-02064-00700786-00701268": "approximately a 25% to 50% chance of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02065-00701269-00701675": "kill per firing pass the range", "STHwQaYbAMY-02066-00701676-00701967": "limitations of guns and the desire to", "STHwQaYbAMY-02067-00701968-00702297": "overcome large variations in fighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-02068-00702298-00702570": "pilot skill and thus achieve higher", "STHwQaYbAMY-02069-00702571-00702816": "force effectiveness led to the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02070-00702817-00703047": "development of the guided air-to-air", "STHwQaYbAMY-02071-00703048-00703460": "missile there are two main variations", "STHwQaYbAMY-02072-00703461-00703821": "heat-seeking infrared homing and radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-02073-00703822-00704211": "guided radar missiles are typically", "STHwQaYbAMY-02074-00704212-00704490": "several times heavier and more expensive", "STHwQaYbAMY-02075-00704491-00704780": "than Heatseekers but with longer range", "STHwQaYbAMY-02076-00704781-00705159": "greater destructive power an ability to", "STHwQaYbAMY-02077-00705160-00705435": "track through clouds", "STHwQaYbAMY-02078-00705436-00705789": "the highly successful aim-9 sidewinder", "STHwQaYbAMY-02079-00705790-00706122": "heat-seeking infrared homing short-range", "STHwQaYbAMY-02080-00706123-00706381": "missile was developed by the United", "STHwQaYbAMY-02081-00706382-00706893": "States Navy in the 1950s these small", "STHwQaYbAMY-02082-00706894-00707160": "missiles are easily carried by lighter", "STHwQaYbAMY-02083-00707161-00707476": "fighters and provide effective ranges of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02084-00707477-00707832": "approximately 10 to 35 kilometers", "STHwQaYbAMY-02085-00707833-00708316": "approximately 6 to 22 miles beginning", "STHwQaYbAMY-02086-00708317-00708856": "with the AI m9l in 1977 subsequent", "STHwQaYbAMY-02087-00708857-00709122": "versions of Sidewinder have added all", "STHwQaYbAMY-02088-00709123-00709497": "aspect capability the ability to use the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02089-00709498-00709783": "lower heat of air to skin friction on", "STHwQaYbAMY-02090-00709784-00710047": "the target aircraft to track from the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02091-00710048-00710578": "front and sides the latest 2003 service", "STHwQaYbAMY-02092-00710579-00711039": "entry AI m9 x also features off", "STHwQaYbAMY-02093-00711040-00711593": "boresight end lock-on after launch", "STHwQaYbAMY-02094-00711594-00711901": "capabilities which allow the pilot to", "STHwQaYbAMY-02095-00711902-00712135": "make a quick launch of a missile to", "STHwQaYbAMY-02096-00712136-00712381": "track a target anywhere within the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02097-00712382-00712893": "pilots vision the aim-9x development", "STHwQaYbAMY-02098-00712894-00713320": "cost was us three billion dollars in mid", "STHwQaYbAMY-02099-00713321-00713818": "to late-1990s dollars and 2015 per unit", "STHwQaYbAMY-02100-00713819-00714118": "procurement cost as zero point six", "STHwQaYbAMY-02101-00714119-00714502": "million dollars each the missile weighs", "STHwQaYbAMY-02102-00714503-00714928": "eighty five point three kilograms 188", "STHwQaYbAMY-02103-00714929-00715285": "pounds and has a maximum range of 35", "STHwQaYbAMY-02104-00715286-00715749": "kilometers 22 miles at higher altitudes", "STHwQaYbAMY-02105-00715750-00716101": "like most air-to-air missiles lower", "STHwQaYbAMY-02106-00716102-00716422": "altitude range can be as limited as only", "STHwQaYbAMY-02107-00716423-00716743": "about one third of maximum due to higher", "STHwQaYbAMY-02108-00716744-00717066": "drag and less ability to coast downward", "STHwQaYbAMY-02109-00717067-00717291": "the effectiveness of heat-seeking", "STHwQaYbAMY-02110-00717292-00717658": "missiles was only 7% early in the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02111-00717659-00717912": "Vietnam War but improved to", "STHwQaYbAMY-02112-00717913-00718381": "approximately 15% to 40% over the course", "STHwQaYbAMY-02113-00718382-00718571": "of the war", "STHwQaYbAMY-02114-00718572-00718989": "the aim-4 falcon used by the USAF had", "STHwQaYbAMY-02115-00718990-00719354": "killed rates of approximately 7% and was", "STHwQaYbAMY-02116-00719355-00719545": "considered a failure", "STHwQaYbAMY-02117-00719546-00720033": "the aim-9 B Sidewinder introduced later", "STHwQaYbAMY-02118-00720034-00720422": "achieved 15% kill rates and the further", "STHwQaYbAMY-02119-00720423-00720914": "improved AI m9 D and J models reached", "STHwQaYbAMY-02120-00720915-00721529": "19% the aim-9 G used in the last year of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02121-00721530-00722087": "the Vietnam air war achieved 40% Israel", "STHwQaYbAMY-02122-00722088-00722537": "used almost totally guns in the 1967", "STHwQaYbAMY-02123-00722538-00722927": "six-day war achieving 60 kills and 10", "STHwQaYbAMY-02124-00722928-00723419": "losses however Israel made much more use", "STHwQaYbAMY-02125-00723420-00723668": "of steadily improving heat-seeking", "STHwQaYbAMY-02126-00723669-00724204": "missiles in the 1973 Yom Kippur War in", "STHwQaYbAMY-02127-00724205-00724639": "this extensive conflict Israel scored", "STHwQaYbAMY-02128-00724640-00725106": "171 of out of 261 total kills with", "STHwQaYbAMY-02129-00725107-00725535": "heat-seeking missiles 65.5%", "STHwQaYbAMY-02130-00725536-00725875": "five kills with radar guided missiles", "STHwQaYbAMY-02131-00725876-00726587": "1.9 percent and 85 kills with guns 32.6%", "STHwQaYbAMY-02132-00726588-00727112": "the aim-9 L Sidewinder scored 19 kills", "STHwQaYbAMY-02133-00727113-00727737": "out of 26 fired missiles 73% in the 1982", "STHwQaYbAMY-02134-00727738-00728175": "Falklands War but in a conflict against", "STHwQaYbAMY-02135-00728176-00728456": "opponents using thermal countermeasures", "STHwQaYbAMY-02136-00728457-00728798": "the United States only scored 11 kills", "STHwQaYbAMY-02137-00728799-00729269": "out of 48 fired PK equals 23 percent", "STHwQaYbAMY-02138-00729270-00729762": "with the follow-on aim-9 M in the 1991", "STHwQaYbAMY-02139-00729763-00729977": "Gulf War", "STHwQaYbAMY-02140-00729978-00730322": "radar-guided missiles fall into two main", "STHwQaYbAMY-02141-00730323-00730649": "missile guidance types in the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02142-00730650-00730922": "historically more common semi-active", "STHwQaYbAMY-02143-00730923-00731273": "radar homing case the missile homes in", "STHwQaYbAMY-02144-00731274-00731558": "on radar signals transmitted from", "STHwQaYbAMY-02145-00731559-00731822": "launching aircraft and reflected from", "STHwQaYbAMY-02146-00731823-00732197": "the target this has the disadvantage", "STHwQaYbAMY-02147-00732198-00732472": "that the firing aircraft must maintain", "STHwQaYbAMY-02148-00732473-00732791": "radar lock on the target and as thus", "STHwQaYbAMY-02149-00732792-00733019": "less free to maneuver and more", "STHwQaYbAMY-02150-00733020-00733424": "vulnerable to attack a widely deployed", "STHwQaYbAMY-02151-00733425-00733696": "missile of this type was the aim-7", "STHwQaYbAMY-02152-00733697-00734159": "sparrow which entered service in 1954", "STHwQaYbAMY-02153-00734160-00734456": "and was produced in improving versions", "STHwQaYbAMY-02154-00734457-00735020": "until 1997 in more advanced active radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-02155-00735021-00735296": "homing the missile as guided to the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02156-00735297-00735584": "vicinity of the target by internal data", "STHwQaYbAMY-02157-00735585-00735965": "on its projected position and then goes", "STHwQaYbAMY-02158-00735966-00736343": "active with an internally carried small", "STHwQaYbAMY-02159-00736344-00736634": "radar system to conduct terminal", "STHwQaYbAMY-02160-00736635-00737018": "guidance to the target this eliminates", "STHwQaYbAMY-02161-00737019-00737306": "the requirement for the firing aircraft", "STHwQaYbAMY-02162-00737307-00737624": "to maintain radar lock and thus greatly", "STHwQaYbAMY-02163-00737625-00738092": "reduces risk a prominent example as the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02164-00738093-00738506": "aim-120 amraam which was first fielded", "STHwQaYbAMY-02165-00738507-00738905": "in 1991 as the aim-7 replacement and", "STHwQaYbAMY-02166-00738906-00739232": "which has no firm retirement date as of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02167-00739233-00739865": "2016 the current AI m12 OD version has a", "STHwQaYbAMY-02168-00739866-00740174": "maximum high-altitude range of greater", "STHwQaYbAMY-02169-00740175-00740591": "than 160 kilometres greater than 99", "STHwQaYbAMY-02170-00740592-00740999": "miles and cost approximately 2.4 million", "STHwQaYbAMY-02171-00741000-00741346": "dollars each 2016", "STHwQaYbAMY-02172-00741347-00741655": "as as typical with most other missiles", "STHwQaYbAMY-02173-00741656-00741991": "range at lower altitude may be as little", "STHwQaYbAMY-02174-00741992-00742431": "as one-third that of high altitude", "STHwQaYbAMY-02175-00742432-00742756": "in the Vietnam air war radar missile", "STHwQaYbAMY-02176-00742757-00743089": "kill reliability was approximately 10%", "STHwQaYbAMY-02177-00743090-00743428": "at shorter ranges and even worse at", "STHwQaYbAMY-02178-00743429-00743728": "longer ranges due to reduced radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-02179-00743729-00744010": "return and greater time for the target", "STHwQaYbAMY-02180-00744011-00744297": "aircraft to detect the incoming missile", "STHwQaYbAMY-02181-00744298-00744739": "and take evasive action at one point in", "STHwQaYbAMY-02182-00744740-00745143": "the Vietnam War the US Navy fired 50", "STHwQaYbAMY-02183-00745144-00745531": "aim-7 Sparrow radar guided missiles in a", "STHwQaYbAMY-02184-00745532-00746095": "row without a hit between 1958 and 1982", "STHwQaYbAMY-02185-00746096-00746547": "in five wars there were 2014 combined", "STHwQaYbAMY-02186-00746548-00746835": "heat-seeking and radar-guided missile", "STHwQaYbAMY-02187-00746836-00747154": "firings by fighter pilots engaged in", "STHwQaYbAMY-02188-00747155-00747625": "air-to-air combat achieving 528 kills of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02189-00747626-00748035": "which 76 were radar missile kills for a", "STHwQaYbAMY-02190-00748036-00748537": "combined effectiveness of 26% however", "STHwQaYbAMY-02191-00748538-00748947": "only four of the 76 radar missile kills", "STHwQaYbAMY-02192-00748948-00749256": "were in the beyond visual range mode", "STHwQaYbAMY-02193-00749257-00749524": "intended to be the strength of radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-02194-00749525-00749895": "guided missiles the United States", "STHwQaYbAMY-02195-00749896-00750208": "invested over 10 billion dollars in", "STHwQaYbAMY-02196-00750209-00750550": "air-to-air radar missile technology from", "STHwQaYbAMY-02197-00750551-00751143": "the 1950s to the early 1970s amortized", "STHwQaYbAMY-02198-00751144-00751543": "over actual kills achieved by the US and", "STHwQaYbAMY-02199-00751544-00751914": "its allies each radar guided missile", "STHwQaYbAMY-02200-00751915-00752376": "kill thus cost over 130 million dollars", "STHwQaYbAMY-02201-00752377-00752754": "the defeated enemy aircraft were for the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02202-00752755-00753253": "most part older MIG 17s - 19 s and minus", "STHwQaYbAMY-02203-00753254-00753700": "20 ones with new cost of 0.3 million", "STHwQaYbAMY-02204-00753701-00754153": "dollars to 3 million dollars each thus", "STHwQaYbAMY-02205-00754154-00754453": "the radar missile investment over that", "STHwQaYbAMY-02206-00754454-00754774": "period far exceeded the value of enemy", "STHwQaYbAMY-02207-00754775-00755085": "aircraft destroyed and furthermore had", "STHwQaYbAMY-02208-00755086-00755376": "very little of the intended bvr", "STHwQaYbAMY-02209-00755377-00755589": "effectiveness", "STHwQaYbAMY-02210-00755590-00755940": "however continuing heavy development", "STHwQaYbAMY-02211-00755941-00756192": "investment and rapidly advancing", "STHwQaYbAMY-02212-00756193-00756534": "electronic technology led to significant", "STHwQaYbAMY-02213-00756535-00756761": "improvement in radar missile", "STHwQaYbAMY-02214-00756762-00757235": "reliabilities from the late 1970s onward", "STHwQaYbAMY-02215-00757236-00757809": "radar-guided missiles achieved 75% pk9", "STHwQaYbAMY-02216-00757810-00758175": "kills out of 12 shots in operations in", "STHwQaYbAMY-02217-00758176-00758709": "the Gulf War in 1991 the percentage of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02218-00758710-00759030": "kills achieved by radar guided missiles", "STHwQaYbAMY-02219-00759031-00759456": "also surpassed 50% of total kills for", "STHwQaYbAMY-02220-00759457-00760146": "the first time by 1991 since 1991 twenty", "STHwQaYbAMY-02221-00760147-00760500": "of 61 kills worldwide have been beyond", "STHwQaYbAMY-02222-00760501-00760928": "visual range using radar missiles", "STHwQaYbAMY-02223-00760929-00761226": "discounting an accidental friendly fire", "STHwQaYbAMY-02224-00761227-00761703": "kill in operational use the aim-120 D", "STHwQaYbAMY-02225-00761704-00762045": "the current main American radar guided", "STHwQaYbAMY-02226-00762046-00762336": "missile has achieved nine kills out of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02227-00762337-00762945": "sixteen shots for a 56% pk6 of these", "STHwQaYbAMY-02228-00762946-00763502": "kills were bvr out of 13 shots for a 46%", "STHwQaYbAMY-02229-00763503-00764004": "BV RPK though all these kills were", "STHwQaYbAMY-02230-00764005-00764292": "against less capable opponents who were", "STHwQaYbAMY-02231-00764293-00764552": "not equipped with operating radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-02232-00764553-00764778": "electronic countermeasures or a", "STHwQaYbAMY-02233-00764779-00765231": "comparable weapon themselves the BV RPK", "STHwQaYbAMY-02234-00765232-00765492": "was a significant improvement from", "STHwQaYbAMY-02235-00765493-00765930": "earlier eras however a current concern", "STHwQaYbAMY-02236-00765931-00766224": "as electronic countermeasures to radar", "STHwQaYbAMY-02237-00766225-00766419": "missiles which are thought to be", "STHwQaYbAMY-02238-00766420-00766721": "reducing the effectiveness of the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02239-00766722-00767232": "aim-120 some experts believe that as of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02240-00767233-00767613": "2016 the European meteor missile the", "STHwQaYbAMY-02241-00767614-00768072": "Russian k3 7 M and the Chinese place 15", "STHwQaYbAMY-02242-00768073-00768294": "are more resistant to countermeasures", "STHwQaYbAMY-02243-00768295-00768690": "and more effective than the aim-120 D", "STHwQaYbAMY-02244-00768691-00768960": "now that higher reliability", "STHwQaYbAMY-02245-00768961-00769203": "have been achieved both types of", "STHwQaYbAMY-02246-00769204-00769458": "missiles allowed the fighter pilot to", "STHwQaYbAMY-02247-00769459-00769725": "often avoid the risk of the short-range", "STHwQaYbAMY-02248-00769726-00770067": "dogfight where only the more experienced", "STHwQaYbAMY-02249-00770068-00770322": "and skilled fighter pilots tend to", "STHwQaYbAMY-02250-00770323-00770577": "prevail and where even the finest", "STHwQaYbAMY-02251-00770578-00770948": "fighter pilot can simply get unlucky", "STHwQaYbAMY-02252-00770949-00771315": "taking maximum advantage of complicated", "STHwQaYbAMY-02253-00771316-00771552": "missile parameters in both attack and", "STHwQaYbAMY-02254-00771553-00771873": "defense against competent opponents does", "STHwQaYbAMY-02255-00771874-00772164": "take considerable experience and skill", "STHwQaYbAMY-02256-00772165-00772488": "but against surprised opponents lacking", "STHwQaYbAMY-02257-00772489-00772683": "comparable capability and", "STHwQaYbAMY-02258-00772684-00772941": "countermeasures air-to-air missile", "STHwQaYbAMY-02259-00772942-00773316": "warfare is relatively simple by", "STHwQaYbAMY-02260-00773317-00773595": "partially automating air-to-air combat", "STHwQaYbAMY-02261-00773596-00773922": "and reducing reliance on gun kills", "STHwQaYbAMY-02262-00773923-00774276": "mostly achieved by only a small expert", "STHwQaYbAMY-02263-00774277-00774540": "fraction of fighter pilots air-to-air", "STHwQaYbAMY-02264-00774541-00774873": "missiles now serve as highly effective", "STHwQaYbAMY-02265-00774874-00775581": "force multipliers", "STHwQaYbAMY-02266-00775582-00776191": "topic see also", "STHwQaYbAMY-02267-00776192-00776825": "list of fighter aircraft warbird"}}, {"audio_id": "STNl1hjCk6c", "text": {"STNl1hjCk6c-00000-00000000-00000267": "foreign", "STNl1hjCk6c-00001-00000268-00006263": "[Music]", "STNl1hjCk6c-00002-00006264-00006431": "so", "STNl1hjCk6c-00003-00006433-00008391": "[Music]", "STNl1hjCk6c-00004-00008392-00008531": "foreign", "STNl1hjCk6c-00005-00008532-00015119": "[Music]", "STNl1hjCk6c-00006-00015119-00015266": "foreign", "STNl1hjCk6c-00007-00015268-00017030": "[Music]", "STNl1hjCk6c-00008-00017031-00017240": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "STUAPABginI", "text": {"STUAPABginI-00000-00000194-00000523": "hello everybody", "STUAPABginI-00001-00000524-00000724": "wanting to get back down with another", "STUAPABginI-00002-00000725-00000971": "video I'm playing some plants versus", "STUAPABginI-00003-00000972-00001258": "zombies battle for Naperville", "STUAPABginI-00004-00001259-00001577": "uh this is my second day playing", "STUAPABginI-00005-00001578-00001926": "I have thousands of different because", "STUAPABginI-00006-00001927-00002159": "uh that's actually how I got the game", "STUAPABginI-00007-00002160-00002302": "for free", "STUAPABginI-00008-00002303-00002483": "the same thing with Garden Warfare 1", "STUAPABginI-00009-00002484-00002786": "which I might do a video on", "STUAPABginI-00010-00002787-00002939": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00011-00002940-00003461": "um but I have grinded and now on the", "STUAPABginI-00012-00003461-00003756": "second day", "STUAPABginI-00013-00003757-00004129": "battle for Neighborhood on PC I now have", "STUAPABginI-00014-00004130-00004409": "wizard unlocked", "STUAPABginI-00015-00004410-00004691": "on", "STUAPABginI-00016-00004692-00004991": "I should have waited to grind until", "STUAPABginI-00017-00004992-00005429": "tomorrow because tomorrow's March but I", "STUAPABginI-00018-00005430-00005735": "am not waiting any longer at least I", "STUAPABginI-00019-00005736-00005968": "wasn't", "STUAPABginI-00020-00005969-00006106": "um", "STUAPABginI-00021-00006107-00006706": "as you can see I have unlocked him", "STUAPABginI-00022-00006708-00006863": "well let's see what it looks like", "STUAPABginI-00023-00006864-00007109": "without anything", "STUAPABginI-00024-00007109-00007534": "it's a little ball boy", "STUAPABginI-00025-00007536-00008423": "all right and put your stuff", "STUAPABginI-00026-00008424-00008717": "um I wish I had like a separate version", "STUAPABginI-00027-00008718-00008946": "to him", "STUAPABginI-00028-00008947-00009245": "let's let's play now", "STUAPABginI-00029-00009246-00009455": "uh the reason I'm doing more plants", "STUAPABginI-00030-00009456-00009605": "there's a zombie stuff on this channel", "STUAPABginI-00031-00009606-00009742": "is because", "STUAPABginI-00032-00009743-00010055": "as you may have seen from my last couple", "STUAPABginI-00033-00010056-00010283": "videos I", "STUAPABginI-00034-00010284-00011201": "Plants versus Zombies is pretty popular", "STUAPABginI-00035-00011202-00012209": "is", "STUAPABginI-00036-00012210-00013901": "goodness", "STUAPABginI-00037-00013902-00014688": "that's my wizardly chance", "STUAPABginI-00038-00014690-00015275": "bounce bounce", "STUAPABginI-00039-00015276-00015479": "foreign", "STUAPABginI-00040-00015480-00020203": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00041-00020204-00021817": "I got it on the last Edition", "STUAPABginI-00042-00021818-00022300": "at least I got a discount", "STUAPABginI-00043-00022301-00022807": "oh", "STUAPABginI-00044-00022808-00023197": "my God", "STUAPABginI-00045-00023198-00023800": "the next character I'm getting is", "STUAPABginI-00046-00023801-00024100": "dude I see all these people all rich in", "STUAPABginI-00047-00024101-00024419": "their skin meanwhile me who just got the", "STUAPABginI-00048-00024420-00024575": "game time", "STUAPABginI-00049-00024576-00024797": "um", "STUAPABginI-00050-00024798-00025549": "it's like completely core", "STUAPABginI-00051-00025550-00026524": "all right yeah I gotta get ready", "STUAPABginI-00052-00026525-00026956": "oh", "STUAPABginI-00053-00026957-00027535": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00054-00027536-00028690": "like sometimes", "STUAPABginI-00055-00028691-00028961": "all right enough screwing around", "STUAPABginI-00056-00028962-00029212": "I'm supposed to be Wizarding", "STUAPABginI-00057-00029213-00032595": "I am the wizard of odds wait oh", "STUAPABginI-00058-00032595-00033695": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00059-00033696-00034979": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00060-00034980-00036688": "real safely", "STUAPABginI-00061-00036689-00037912": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00062-00037913-00038273": "was she happy question", "STUAPABginI-00063-00038274-00038633": "oh he's sad little loser hey I had one", "STUAPABginI-00064-00038634-00038748": "too", "STUAPABginI-00065-00038749-00040639": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00066-00040640-00040949": "uh can someone please suggest in the", "STUAPABginI-00067-00040950-00041483": "comments of better everything", "STUAPABginI-00068-00041484-00041633": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00069-00041634-00041939": "thank you", "STUAPABginI-00070-00041940-00042622": "yo", "STUAPABginI-00071-00042623-00044346": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00072-00044347-00044645": "fantasy turns the wizard", "STUAPABginI-00073-00044646-00044790": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00074-00044791-00044946": "Justin", "STUAPABginI-00075-00044947-00045449": "the medieval engineer", "STUAPABginI-00076-00045450-00045825": "foreign", "STUAPABginI-00077-00045826-00048779": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00078-00048780-00049711": "thank you", "STUAPABginI-00079-00049712-00050080": "old man let me live I'm not gonna live", "STUAPABginI-00080-00050081-00050380": "much longer just let me live my life I'm", "STUAPABginI-00081-00050381-00050617": "an old man", "STUAPABginI-00082-00050618-00051378": "jeez it's already been eight minutes", "STUAPABginI-00083-00051379-00051840": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00084-00051841-00052673": "thank you", "STUAPABginI-00085-00052674-00054004": "Christmas", "STUAPABginI-00086-00054005-00054697": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00087-00054698-00054816": "screw you", "STUAPABginI-00088-00054817-00055767": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00089-00055769-00056026": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00090-00056027-00057085": "oh", "STUAPABginI-00091-00057086-00058680": "I'll be finishing this room", "STUAPABginI-00092-00058682-00059050": "let's go", "STUAPABginI-00093-00059051-00059621": "this video Must Go On", "STUAPABginI-00094-00059622-00060787": "tomorrow", "STUAPABginI-00095-00060788-00061192": "and I got killed by him", "STUAPABginI-00096-00061194-00061654": "oh man I wish wizard was like all the", "STUAPABginI-00097-00061655-00062299": "fireworks", "STUAPABginI-00098-00062300-00062704": "and like when we hold it down instead of", "STUAPABginI-00099-00062705-00063071": "like a charge attack that's soft", "STUAPABginI-00100-00063072-00063335": "and it's like an actual", "STUAPABginI-00101-00063336-00063557": "shooting attack", "STUAPABginI-00102-00063558-00064013": "oh she was like", "STUAPABginI-00103-00064014-00064366": "it basically is", "STUAPABginI-00104-00064367-00065213": "like", "STUAPABginI-00105-00065214-00065776": "zombies", "STUAPABginI-00106-00065777-00066053": "oh", "STUAPABginI-00107-00066054-00066679": "yeah", "STUAPABginI-00108-00066680-00067097": "I need to learn how to get more", "STUAPABginI-00109-00067098-00068392": "wait", "STUAPABginI-00110-00068393-00068759": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00111-00068760-00069203": "no almost four years okay but still No", "STUAPABginI-00112-00069204-00069323": "One's Gonna want to watch this", "STUAPABginI-00113-00069324-00070303": "especially since", "STUAPABginI-00114-00070304-00070632": "first I think Heroes", "STUAPABginI-00115-00070633-00072497": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00116-00072498-00072627": "no", "STUAPABginI-00117-00072628-00072791": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00118-00072792-00073244": "third party", "STUAPABginI-00119-00073245-00074381": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00120-00074382-00075909": "foreign", "STUAPABginI-00121-00075910-00076623": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00122-00076624-00077236": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00123-00077237-00079138": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00124-00079139-00079375": "goodness", "STUAPABginI-00125-00079376-00080742": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00126-00080743-00081996": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00127-00081997-00082423": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00128-00082424-00082693": "I started singing", "STUAPABginI-00129-00082694-00083009": "one Katy Perry song where it's like why", "STUAPABginI-00130-00083010-00083194": "are you really looking so much right now", "STUAPABginI-00131-00083195-00083491": "but then I died", "STUAPABginI-00132-00083492-00085644": "I wish that I was not dead", "STUAPABginI-00133-00085645-00087976": "all right", "STUAPABginI-00134-00087977-00088559": "oh that is action heroes", "STUAPABginI-00135-00088560-00092840": "awesome players", "STUAPABginI-00136-00092841-00093703": "[Music]", "STUAPABginI-00137-00093704-00094063": "all right bye guys"}}, {"audio_id": "STVlA-hghRg", "text": {"STVlA-hghRg-00000-00000006-00000286": "hello everyone Portia lattice may I see", "STVlA-hghRg-00001-00000287-00000688": "that they note not repay confronted a", "STVlA-hghRg-00002-00000689-00000911": "difficult era but the field debuted", "STVlA-hghRg-00003-00000911-00001214": "Lonnie the ball a tragedy Duvall set", "STVlA-hghRg-00004-00001215-00001549": "sank dirty about you predatory ho on", "STVlA-hghRg-00005-00001550-00001843": "sweet lipid I mean the carnivals in the", "STVlA-hghRg-00006-00001844-00002105": "Canada to see it as they are near mom", "STVlA-hghRg-00007-00002106-00002443": "like his fear of yeah cutest matter", "STVlA-hghRg-00008-00002444-00002725": "reserved only Vanilli mom jugo updated", "STVlA-hghRg-00009-00002726-00003056": "version occasions profile points in", "STVlA-hghRg-00010-00003057-00003445": "soldier readable Farren mrs. úrsula", "STVlA-hghRg-00011-00003446-00003719": "tragedy Duvall satsang do johann averies", "STVlA-hghRg-00012-00003720-00004034": "have on Paseo barrage keeper Holly's the", "STVlA-hghRg-00013-00004035-00004436": "transporter of yeah regarding flight 752", "STVlA-hghRg-00014-00004437-00004652": "the Minister of Foreign Affairs is team", "STVlA-hghRg-00015-00004653-00004883": "gave an update on the status of consular", "STVlA-hghRg-00016-00004884-00005113": "assistance being provided to families", "STVlA-hghRg-00017-00005114-00005347": "Minister shopping held another meeting", "STVlA-hghRg-00018-00005348-00005481": "with the international response", "STVlA-hghRg-00019-00005482-00005729": "coordination group last week in Munich", "STVlA-hghRg-00020-00005730-00005986": "I also announced that Canada was working", "STVlA-hghRg-00021-00005987-00006145": "with its international partners on a", "STVlA-hghRg-00022-00006146-00006421": "safe skies initiative that will ensure", "STVlA-hghRg-00023-00006422-00006539": "that such a tragedy", "STVlA-hghRg-00024-00006540-00006823": "she's never happened again the Minister", "STVlA-hghRg-00025-00006825-00007028": "of Transport also talked about the", "STVlA-hghRg-00026-00007029-00007178": "latest developments regarding the", "STVlA-hghRg-00027-00007179-00007409": "investigation and reiterated the need", "STVlA-hghRg-00028-00007409-00007709": "for a transparent analysis of the black", "STVlA-hghRg-00029-00007709-00007964": "box data we continue to work closely", "STVlA-hghRg-00030-00007965-00008228": "with grieving families to make sure they", "STVlA-hghRg-00031-00008229-00008399": "have all the support they need during", "STVlA-hghRg-00032-00008400-00008720": "this extremely difficult time our", "STVlA-hghRg-00033-00008721-00008992": "government will not rest until justice", "STVlA-hghRg-00034-00008993-00009463": "is done and accountability is achieved", "STVlA-hghRg-00035-00009464-00009734": "basquiat do coronavirus the", "STVlA-hghRg-00036-00009735-00009964": "soviet-afghan Aegean kissed over about", "STVlA-hghRg-00037-00009965-00010060": "the battered quasi", "STVlA-hghRg-00038-00010061-00010352": "diamond princess Aquino present a pad", "STVlA-hghRg-00039-00010353-00010421": "symptom", "STVlA-hghRg-00040-00010422-00010763": "Santer Evo Canada vetoes matter the", "STVlA-hghRg-00041-00010764-00011071": "passage acuity Ospital is a a Tokyo were", "STVlA-hghRg-00042-00011072-00011371": "suave Liquide personnel Canadian the", "STVlA-hghRg-00043-00011372-00011692": "blue doors on this with Canadian Kiev", "STVlA-hghRg-00044-00011693-00012088": "80-plus in alcohol ten Trenton Opel GT", "STVlA-hghRg-00045-00012089-00012491": "labas military job profit polymer series", "STVlA-hghRg-00046-00012492-00012719": "authority local provincial territorial", "STVlA-hghRg-00047-00012720-00013040": "docent a public forest revised also do", "STVlA-hghRg-00048-00013041-00013397": "she Greg Naumann is authority Canadian", "STVlA-hghRg-00049-00013399-00013769": "travailler avec no patent r ec ele", "STVlA-hghRg-00050-00013771-00013997": "transy por hacer la protección a", "STVlA-hghRg-00051-00013999-00014358": "Canadian F rainy propagation Johan", "STVlA-hghRg-00052-00014359-00014952": "Aviva's silly barrage key paralysed s", "STVlA-hghRg-00053-00014953-00015351": "infrastructure clay a on clay to the", "STVlA-hghRg-00054-00015352-00015596": "Canadian up a Dupree", "STVlA-hghRg-00055-00015597-00015936": "Dejan key purpose one du travail don't", "STVlA-hghRg-00056-00015937-00016443": "compare jurors employ di Biasi social no", "STVlA-hghRg-00057-00016444-00016800": "Salma an or economy Mia no community the", "STVlA-hghRg-00058-00016801-00017154": "path by trash Minnie the situation as it", "STVlA-hghRg-00059-00017155-00017444": "currently stands is unacceptable and", "STVlA-hghRg-00060-00017445-00017972": "untenable everyone involved is worried", "STVlA-hghRg-00061-00017973-00018234": "Canadians have been patient our", "STVlA-hghRg-00062-00018235-00018630": "government has been patient but it has", "STVlA-hghRg-00063-00018631-00018969": "been two weeks and the barricades need", "STVlA-hghRg-00064-00018970-00019352": "to come down now the issue we face today", "STVlA-hghRg-00065-00019353-00019593": "began with a disagreement over a", "STVlA-hghRg-00066-00019594-00019824": "provincial natural gas pipeline in", "STVlA-hghRg-00067-00019825-00020091": "British Columbia what was a matter of", "STVlA-hghRg-00068-00020092-00020298": "provincial jurisdiction has since turned", "STVlA-hghRg-00069-00020299-00020538": "into a broader question on the nature", "STVlA-hghRg-00070-00020539-00020792": "and extent of indigenous rights", "STVlA-hghRg-00071-00020793-00021060": "resulting in blockades across the", "STVlA-hghRg-00072-00021061-00021297": "country that's why the federal", "STVlA-hghRg-00073-00021298-00021495": "government had to involve itself", "STVlA-hghRg-00074-00021496-00021882": "directly and a week and a half ago both", "STVlA-hghRg-00075-00021883-00022092": "to address these underlying issues and", "STVlA-hghRg-00076-00022093-00022397": "restore sale rail service we engaged", "STVlA-hghRg-00077-00022398-00022704": "from day one our ministers have engaged", "STVlA-hghRg-00078-00022705-00022973": "directly with indigenous leaders and", "STVlA-hghRg-00079-00022974-00023349": "premiers our work was always focused on", "STVlA-hghRg-00080-00023350-00023604": "finding a peaceful and lasting", "STVlA-hghRg-00081-00023605-00023856": "resolution in a way that builds trust", "STVlA-hghRg-00082-00023857-00024177": "and respect among all parties involved", "STVlA-hghRg-00083-00024178-00024630": "that focus does not change this is a", "STVlA-hghRg-00084-00024631-00024897": "complex issue and the situation we now", "STVlA-hghRg-00085-00024898-00025142": "find ourselves in is a delicate one", "STVlA-hghRg-00086-00025143-00025446": "history has taught us how governments", "STVlA-hghRg-00087-00025447-00025694": "can make matters worse if they fail to", "STVlA-hghRg-00088-00025695-00026144": "exhaust all other possible avenues when", "STVlA-hghRg-00089-00026145-00026388": "some urged us to use force immediately", "STVlA-hghRg-00090-00026389-00026757": "we chose dialogue and mutual respect", "STVlA-hghRg-00091-00026758-00027068": "when others urged us to give up we", "STVlA-hghRg-00092-00027069-00027477": "extended a hand in good faith the Deputy", "STVlA-hghRg-00093-00027477-00027683": "Prime Minister the Minister of crown", "STVlA-hghRg-00094-00027684-00027920": "indigenous relations the house leader", "STVlA-hghRg-00095-00027921-00028158": "and the Minister of indigenous services", "STVlA-hghRg-00096-00028158-00028311": "have been reaching out to concerned", "STVlA-hghRg-00097-00028312-00028548": "parties including representatives from", "STVlA-hghRg-00098-00028549-00028758": "the mohawk and wet sweatin nations and", "STVlA-hghRg-00099-00028758-00029145": "others at the same time the Minister of", "STVlA-hghRg-00100-00029145-00029310": "Transport and the Minister of Finance", "STVlA-hghRg-00101-00029311-00029555": "are fully seized with the economic", "STVlA-hghRg-00102-00029556-00029777": "impacts of the blockades on workers", "STVlA-hghRg-00103-00029778-00030114": "businesses farmers travellers and", "STVlA-hghRg-00104-00030114-00030429": "families right across the country we", "STVlA-hghRg-00105-00030430-00030654": "have engaged rail carriers to use", "STVlA-hghRg-00106-00030655-00030879": "temporary alternatives to prevent the", "STVlA-hghRg-00107-00030880-00031133": "most severe shortages and economic", "STVlA-hghRg-00108-00031134-00031508": "impacts the Minister of Public Safety", "STVlA-hghRg-00109-00031509-00031715": "and emergency preparedness has also been", "STVlA-hghRg-00110-00031716-00031908": "working with provincial counterparts and", "STVlA-hghRg-00111-00031908-00032193": "liaison with law enforcement across the", "STVlA-hghRg-00112-00032194-00032501": "country I have been in close contact", "STVlA-hghRg-00113-00032502-00032789": "with Premier's including premier Horgan", "STVlA-hghRg-00114-00032790-00033054": "since the very beginning to coordinate", "STVlA-hghRg-00115-00033055-00033324": "our efforts in our response as we work", "STVlA-hghRg-00116-00033325-00033654": "to find a peaceful resolution I want to", "STVlA-hghRg-00117-00033655-00034005": "assure Canadians that we are engaging at", "STVlA-hghRg-00118-00034006-00034277": "all levels to resolve this quickly and", "STVlA-hghRg-00119-00034278-00034530": "mitigate the very real impacts of these", "STVlA-hghRg-00120-00034531-00035030": "blockades on people when I addressed the", "STVlA-hghRg-00121-00035031-00035240": "House of Commons on Tuesday I sent a", "STVlA-hghRg-00122-00035241-00035424": "clear message to the Wits weten and", "STVlA-hghRg-00123-00035425-00035610": "Mohawk nations as well as indigenous", "STVlA-hghRg-00124-00035611-00035901": "leaders across the country they said", "STVlA-hghRg-00125-00035902-00036190": "that our government is listening I", "STVlA-hghRg-00126-00036191-00036423": "reiterated our commitment to a peaceful", "STVlA-hghRg-00127-00036424-00036740": "resolution I expressed our desire to", "STVlA-hghRg-00128-00036741-00036957": "work in partnership with all parties", "STVlA-hghRg-00129-00036958-00037439": "concerned that was four days ago in the", "STVlA-hghRg-00130-00037440-00037718": "time since our government has kept", "STVlA-hghRg-00131-00037719-00038012": "engaging at all levels we repeated our", "STVlA-hghRg-00132-00038013-00038252": "calls for collaboration we showed", "STVlA-hghRg-00133-00038253-00038726": "respect and in parallel the RCMP is", "STVlA-hghRg-00134-00038727-00038921": "standing down their command posts at the", "STVlA-hghRg-00135-00038922-00039332": "29 kilometres west Forest Service Road", "STVlA-hghRg-00136-00039333-00039630": "one of the specific demands of the what", "STVlA-hghRg-00137-00039631-00040026": "sweaten but Canadians who are feeling", "STVlA-hghRg-00138-00040027-00040146": "the very real Empire", "STVlA-hghRg-00139-00040147-00040380": "these blockades are running out of", "STVlA-hghRg-00140-00040381-00040449": "patience", "STVlA-hghRg-00141-00040450-00041070": "I found it useful in these situations to", "STVlA-hghRg-00142-00041071-00041367": "reflect on two different types of", "STVlA-hghRg-00143-00041368-00041945": "protests one is grounded in deep and", "STVlA-hghRg-00144-00041946-00042435": "lasting negative relations historic", "STVlA-hghRg-00145-00042436-00042968": "wrongs historic marginalization", "STVlA-hghRg-00146-00042969-00043233": "grievances that are legitimate and that", "STVlA-hghRg-00147-00043234-00043524": "they have not been listened to not been", "STVlA-hghRg-00148-00043525-00043872": "engaged with not been respected over", "STVlA-hghRg-00149-00043873-00044475": "decades and indeed centuries those are", "STVlA-hghRg-00150-00044476-00044643": "things that we need to address as a", "STVlA-hghRg-00151-00044644-00044820": "country and something that we have", "STVlA-hghRg-00152-00044821-00045015": "worked very hard to address over the", "STVlA-hghRg-00153-00045016-00045360": "past years to show respect and", "STVlA-hghRg-00154-00045361-00045878": "partnership for voices indigenous voices", "STVlA-hghRg-00155-00045879-00046119": "that have not had their fundamental", "STVlA-hghRg-00156-00046120-00046392": "rights respected by the governance", "STVlA-hghRg-00157-00046393-00046761": "structures of this country and then", "STVlA-hghRg-00158-00046762-00047504": "there are other protests that use or", "STVlA-hghRg-00159-00047505-00048324": "engage with indigenous protests to call", "STVlA-hghRg-00160-00048325-00048519": "out a particular project with which they", "STVlA-hghRg-00161-00048520-00048965": "disagree to advance a particular point", "STVlA-hghRg-00162-00048966-00049448": "of view that is often deeply felt and", "STVlA-hghRg-00163-00049449-00050082": "important but not anchored in the deep", "STVlA-hghRg-00164-00050083-00050412": "wrongs that have been done in ignoring", "STVlA-hghRg-00165-00050413-00050765": "and marginalizing indigenous leadership", "STVlA-hghRg-00166-00050766-00051358": "and indigenous voices in this country", "STVlA-hghRg-00167-00051359-00051704": "earlier today now once again convened a", "STVlA-hghRg-00168-00051705-00051873": "meeting with the incident response group", "STVlA-hghRg-00169-00051874-00052202": "to address the blockades and here's the", "STVlA-hghRg-00170-00052203-00052301": "reality", "STVlA-hghRg-00171-00052302-00052646": "every attempt at dialogue has been made", "STVlA-hghRg-00172-00052647-00052979": "but discussions have not been productive", "STVlA-hghRg-00173-00052979-00053337": "we can't have dialogue when only one", "STVlA-hghRg-00174-00053338-00053539": "party is coming to the table", "STVlA-hghRg-00175-00053540-00054020": "for this reason we have no choice but to", "STVlA-hghRg-00176-00054021-00054410": "stop making the same overtures of course", "STVlA-hghRg-00177-00054411-00054632": "we will never close the door on dialog", "STVlA-hghRg-00178-00054633-00054812": "and our hand remains extended should", "STVlA-hghRg-00179-00054813-00054967": "someone want to reach for it", "STVlA-hghRg-00180-00054969-00055226": "in fact ministers Miller and Bennett", "STVlA-hghRg-00181-00055227-00055415": "just got off a call with the whet suet", "STVlA-hghRg-00182-00055416-00055666": "and hereditary chief just minutes ago", "STVlA-hghRg-00183-00055666-00056086": "but the fact remains that barricades", "STVlA-hghRg-00184-00056087-00056669": "must now come down the injunctions must", "STVlA-hghRg-00185-00056670-00057290": "be obeyed and the law must be upheld let", "STVlA-hghRg-00186-00057291-00057677": "me be clear our resolve to pursue the", "STVlA-hghRg-00187-00057678-00057860": "reconciliation agenda with indigenous", "STVlA-hghRg-00188-00057861-00058223": "peoples is as strong as ever there are", "STVlA-hghRg-00189-00058224-00058487": "historic wrongs to right there are gaps", "STVlA-hghRg-00190-00058488-00058829": "to be closed there is a relationship to", "STVlA-hghRg-00191-00058829-00059116": "be renewed and new relationships to be", "STVlA-hghRg-00192-00059117-00059558": "built Canada is ready for this Canadians", "STVlA-hghRg-00193-00059559-00059980": "want this but hurting Canadian families", "STVlA-hghRg-00194-00059982-00060332": "from coast to coast to coast does", "STVlA-hghRg-00195-00060333-00060610": "nothing to advance the cause of", "STVlA-hghRg-00196-00060611-00060911": "reconciliation"}}, {"audio_id": "SUhTmPSE5P8", "text": {"SUhTmPSE5P8-00000-00000006-00000229": "local events this weekend and how to", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00001-00000231-00000471": "save money with low low interest rates", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00002-00000472-00000994": "[Music]", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00003-00000994-00001399": "and we're back another episode of SNL I", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00004-00001400-00001693": "am Layne stone I'm Steve elastic and you", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00005-00001694-00001862": "are filling in for RS today some", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00006-00001863-00002072": "gratulations happy that we have a to s", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00007-00002073-00002222": "is on the team because that way if one", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00008-00002223-00002462": "goes missing we have a what if you can", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00009-00002463-00002642": "do a video oh then we have to find", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00010-00002643-00002800": "another l who would that be", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00011-00002801-00003043": "I don't know maybe Catalina she's a", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00012-00003044-00003160": "beautiful lady", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00013-00003161-00003356": "okay don't for lady but every kind of", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00014-00003357-00003518": "fun so yeah so as I know we can update", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00015-00003519-00003653": "all the events that were gonna be", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00016-00003654-00003776": "talking about today are actually", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00017-00003777-00003929": "happening tomorrow so we're gonna give", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00018-00003929-00004058": "me four really great events to choose", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00019-00004059-00004256": "from all happening tomorrow which leap", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00020-00004257-00004406": "day you having a middle of a leap year", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00021-00004407-00004645": "yeah so you want to kick us off and talk", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00022-00004646-00004790": "about the first one sure the first one's", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00023-00004791-00004961": "a bacon and booze crawl that's", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00024-00004962-00005177": "tomorrow's at the grit tomorrow at the", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00025-00005178-00005368": "cruisers bar and downtown Huntington", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00026-00005369-00005652": "Beach that starts at three o'clock and", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00027-00005653-00005915": "you guessed it it's a lot of bacon and", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00028-00005916-00006152": "booze a little B&B yeah that sounds good", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00029-00006153-00006308": "idea actually I don't know when you have", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00030-00006309-00006361": "those moves", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00031-00006362-00006478": "you know when you have those beers you", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00032-00006479-00006758": "want something super salty and fatties", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00033-00006759-00006926": "as it goes well together you have a", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00034-00006927-00007088": "Bloody Mary where they put bacon in its", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00035-00007089-00007334": "yeah I'm not a fan of Bloody Mary's bail", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00036-00007334-00007655": "gold on my head oh okay but you can have", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00037-00007656-00007778": "bacon in Boots they go together like", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00038-00007779-00008066": "peanut butter and jelly yeah that's", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00039-00008067-00008192": "really cool that cruisers Huntington is", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00040-00008193-00008348": "putting on that event yeah but I'm gonna", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00041-00008349-00008531": "be talking about is happening in Anaheim", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00042-00008532-00008714": "is an highness ring boutique and craft", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00043-00008715-00008870": "fair which is a free admission as", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00044-00008871-00009053": "tomorrow we're gonna put the events of", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00045-00009054-00009217": "this one on the web sites we don't want", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00046-00009218-00009359": "to talk about exactly where it's gonna", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00047-00009360-00009488": "be but it is gonna be in Anaheim", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00048-00009489-00009653": "tomorrow and that's starting at 9:00", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00049-00009654-00009889": "a.m. it's gonna be a great time very", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00050-00009890-00010039": "found me event and free admission and", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00051-00010040-00010219": "then you guys go check that one out yeah", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00052-00010220-00010658": "the next one is Napa new pour so that's", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00053-00010659-00010862": "just it's a wine tasting event always", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00054-00010863-00011092": "yeah and that's a key bar to be really", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00055-00011093-00011267": "good yeah yeah you know where my head's", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00056-00011268-00011548": "at for this weekend but that's tomorrow", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00057-00011549-00011777": "starting at five o'clock and goes till", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00058-00011778-00012046": "10:00 p.m. and that's how the monarch", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00059-00012047-00012314": "Beach Resort and Dana Point so it's not", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00060-00012315-00012581": "I guess technically and you for is Dana", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00061-00012582-00012949": "Point hey that's okay yeah yeah but it", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00062-00012950-00013181": "plays off in Napa and Newport how would", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00063-00013182-00013382": "it sound if it was not happen in Dana", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00064-00013383-00013436": "Point", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00065-00013437-00013619": "it may mean happened EP or something I", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00066-00013619-00013772": "don't know there's different ways that", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00067-00013772-00013886": "you can do it but that sounds like a", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00068-00013887-00014087": "really fun event yeah yeah I want to", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00069-00014088-00014237": "stick with the boost name a little bit", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00070-00014238-00014426": "okay cuz I mean obviously it's gonna be", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00071-00014427-00014588": "a beautiful weekend yeah weather's been", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00072-00014588-00014788": "great it's a great kind of booze it up", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00073-00014790-00014978": "maybe this weekend so the one that I'm", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00074-00014979-00015107": "going to we referenced in the last", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00075-00015108-00015347": "episode of the SNL weekend update and", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00076-00015347-00015713": "that is the sipping straw put on by the", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00077-00015713-00015869": "tussin community foundation that happens", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00078-00015869-00016069": "in Old Town Tustin and I'm actually", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00079-00016070-00016202": "personally going to be there tomorrow", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00080-00016203-00016337": "it's really cool a lot of the", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00081-00016338-00016484": "restaurants a lot of the shops get good", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00082-00016485-00016613": "involved they give you like a placard", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00083-00016614-00016802": "where you get to check off everything on", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00084-00016803-00016969": "the list and they all provide a one food", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00085-00016970-00017201": "item one drink item so if there's 50", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00086-00017202-00017414": "places that are participating it's a lot", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00087-00017415-00017627": "of drinks on us a lot of food and I'm", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00088-00017628-00017813": "really excited too so it's like it's", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00089-00017814-00017942": "like a scavenger hunt they give you a", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00090-00017943-00018092": "little list and you can check off", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00091-00018093-00018319": "everything I also like it cuz it's like", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00092-00018320-00018551": "it's disgustin to a lot of the local", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00093-00018552-00018665": "restaurants that are participating they", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00094-00018666-00018788": "highlight some features of their menu", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00095-00018789-00018980": "and a lot of the shops you know maybe", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00096-00018981-00019121": "you haven't been inside of a shop but", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00097-00019122-00019343": "always wanted to there's a draw to go in", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00098-00019344-00019460": "there they're gonna have some drinks and", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00099-00019461-00019622": "food for you to take it take a look at -", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00100-00019623-00019784": "so I'm gonna be there okay and hopefully", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00101-00019785-00019967": "you guys come and see me there yeah that", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00102-00019968-00020291": "sounds fun so I I know you have the tips", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00103-00020292-00020468": "from the trenches for us today what's", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00104-00020469-00020654": "that no the other s Scott wanted to", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00105-00020655-00020777": "implement a weekly tips from the", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00106-00020778-00020936": "trenches tips from the trench this week", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00107-00020937-00021086": "we're gonna talk about interest rates", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00108-00021087-00021260": "something that you might be privy to if", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00109-00021261-00021467": "you're reading the local news but if", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00110-00021468-00021650": "you're if your rate right now is", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00111-00021651-00022000": "anything at 3.5% or higher that's", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00112-00022001-00022088": "something that you might want to look", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00113-00022089-00022355": "into they are at absolute historic lows", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00114-00022356-00022519": "right now I personally have a high", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00115-00022520-00022712": "balance loan and I'm in the middle of", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00116-00022713-00022894": "doing possibly doing refine myself and I", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00117-00022895-00023015": "was just quoted at three point three", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00118-00023016-00023240": "percent a while for a high balanced loan", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00119-00023241-00023390": "I know some people are getting closer to", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00120-00023391-00023552": "even lower than that right now and it", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00121-00023553-00023717": "might even go down a little bit lower so", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00122-00023718-00023906": "if such a free financing is something", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00123-00023907-00024038": "that's on your radar if you're paying a", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00124-00024039-00024167": "rate that's higher than three and a half", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00125-00024168-00024299": "percent you definitely want to contact", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00126-00024300-00024431": "us today and we're gonna put you with", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00127-00024432-00024593": "the right individuals to get you the", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00128-00024594-00024728": "lowest rate with the lowest cost", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00129-00024729-00024941": "possible so that way you guys are happy", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00130-00024942-00025068": "campers paying", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00131-00025069-00025281": "low fees low monthly fees so that's a", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00132-00025282-00025449": "little tip from the trench again take a", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00133-00025450-00025554": "look at what you're paying in an", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00134-00025555-00025674": "interest rate if it's higher than three", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00135-00025675-00025844": "and a half percent you need to contact", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00136-00025845-00026064": "us immediately and we'll do an analysis", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00137-00026064-00026211": "for you or put you in contact with", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00138-00026212-00026408": "somebody who can do a better analysis", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00139-00026410-00026595": "for you who doesn't like saving money", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00140-00026595-00026844": "and you're talking about hundreds if not", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00141-00026845-00027089": "thousands of dollars yeah I mean well I", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00142-00027091-00027231": "mean that's exactly right so like the", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00143-00027232-00027366": "average savings for me is about two", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00144-00027367-00027545": "hundred dollars a month and you're gonna", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00145-00027547-00027756": "have 360 payments on an average through", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00146-00027757-00027924": "your loan and that's gonna be seventy", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00147-00027925-00028041": "thousand it's like there's two fancy", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00148-00028042-00028212": "dinners with you and your friends", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00149-00028213-00028502": "involved yeah the way we like to get my", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00150-00028502-00028854": "bill actually that's pretty good yeah I", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00151-00028855-00029013": "mean it's amazing why not take advantage", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00152-00029014-00029091": "of it", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00153-00029092-00029295": "yeah that's something that I know a lot", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00154-00029295-00029466": "of my clients are looking into right now", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00155-00029467-00029610": "I have family members looking into it", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00156-00029611-00029777": "I'm personally looking into it and maybe", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00157-00029779-00029870": "that's something that you guys should", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00158-00029872-00030111": "look into it all right all right stay", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00159-00030112-00030258": "tuned for next week's S&L we'll see you", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00160-00030258-00030873": "next time alright see ya", "SUhTmPSE5P8-00161-00030874-00031527": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "SUrhSdHbV4y", "text": {"SUrhSdHbV4y-00000-00000062-00000326": "I'm going to take a look at the", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00001-00000327-00000584": "collective action here of a stack of", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00002-00000585-00000916": "ring kites and what comes out at the", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00003-00000917-00001075": "bottom of them when they're in motion", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00004-00001076-00001369": "remember they're all intentions so", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00005-00001370-00001595": "everything has to be pulling away from", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00006-00001596-00001787": "something and here I've got these vector", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00007-00001788-00001984": "diagrams on each driver wing here", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00008-00001985-00002255": "describing what forces are that are", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00009-00002256-00002573": "working and at any point on that kite", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00010-00002574-00002926": "now of you know not not change with", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00011-00002927-00003089": "respect to where it is on the kite here", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00012-00003090-00003377": "but the average of what comes out of the", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00013-00003378-00003595": "kite you can be described as there and", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00014-00003596-00003736": "because it's getting transferred down", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00015-00003738-00003959": "lines that that's okay we can do that", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00016-00003960-00004115": "but I did the wingtips there'd be more", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00017-00004116-00004336": "of this force pulling out words because", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00018-00004337-00004544": "you can see that that's pulling away and", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00019-00004545-00004697": "a lot that force will get transferred", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00020-00004698-00005036": "through the skin and on a ring where you", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00021-00005037-00005188": "get three kites like this could be any", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00022-00005189-00005666": "number then those red lines they tend to", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00023-00005667-00005927": "cancel each other out and just keep this", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00024-00005928-00006116": "ring expanded or pull that you know", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00025-00006117-00006417": "pulling away from the root of that", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00026-00006418-00006695": "asymmetric kite there so that route is", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00027-00006695-00006892": "getting collect words here because this", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00028-00006893-00007133": "is moving through air so the whole thing", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00029-00007134-00007501": "normally spins round in that direction", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00030-00007502-00007894": "and as it does so there's greater lift", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00031-00007895-00008449": "across this wing surface and that cord", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00032-00008450-00008785": "gets a lot of wind go over it and shoots", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00033-00008786-00009067": "up that way so the whole thing wants to", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00034-00009068-00009278": "pull up now that pool gets transmitted", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00035-00009279-00009467": "down to the next layer to the next layer", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00036-00009468-00009671": "and each one of these driver kites is", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00037-00009672-00009827": "going to be adding into the ring below", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00038-00009828-00010052": "it a pool so as you go down the kite", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00039-00010053-00010184": "you're going to need progressively", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00040-00010185-00010451": "thicker lines to cope with that extra", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00041-00010452-00010703": "and it's additional because that adds on", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00042-00010704-00010958": "to that adds on to the next one adds on", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00043-00010959-00011153": "to the next one and at the bottom you", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00044-00011154-00011321": "can have a great big amount of force", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00045-00011322-00011498": "going up the other thing that's", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00046-00011499-00011816": "cumulative is this force to make it want", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00047-00011817-00012131": "to spin so I you know I kite and where", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00048-00012132-00012374": "the winds going that way is going to", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00049-00012375-00012752": "want to spin right so this one's won't", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00050-00012753-00012938": "spin round and because this is pointed", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00051-00012938-00013096": "in the same direction around the axis", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00052-00013097-00013283": "that it spins in that one wants to push", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00053-00013284-00013363": "it around", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00054-00013363-00013513": "the following one wants fish around so", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00055-00013513-00013713": "they all want to push it round that", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00056-00013715-00013927": "means that force there is cumulative as", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00057-00013928-00014219": "well so it's cumulative on this ring", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00058-00014220-00014494": "that's going to want to pull this ring", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00059-00014494-00014688": "round as well and it's got its drivers", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00060-00014690-00014844": "which are cumulative on that ring trying", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00061-00014845-00015033": "to get the whole ring to turn round so", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00062-00015034-00015277": "this ring is going to want to give a", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00063-00015278-00015591": "component of twist to that one there", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00064-00015593-00015835": "will be dragged of course but you know", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00065-00015836-00016057": "the resultant overall forces that there", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00066-00016058-00016279": "is I want to go around like that and it", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00067-00016280-00016444": "will be resisted by the ring below so", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00068-00016445-00016633": "this one will be trying to go faster", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00069-00016634-00016762": "than that one lets it and they'll both", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00070-00016763-00016900": "be trying to go faster than this one", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00071-00016901-00017304": "lets it so at the bottom what comes out", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00072-00017305-00017641": "remember the the Reds cancel each other", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00073-00017642-00017860": "right and it's just as well they cancel", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00074-00017861-00018055": "each other out and they're trying to", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00075-00018056-00018286": "keep this they're trying to keep the", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00076-00018287-00018528": "Rings outward because if we only had", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00077-00018529-00018979": "lift and drive well that would work", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00078-00018980-00019174": "you'd be able to get a bird attention to", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00079-00019175-00019534": "the bottom but and there would", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00080-00019535-00019719": "definitely be a want to compress this", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00081-00019720-00020147": "okay if you have any torque tube and you", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00082-00020148-00020503": "twist a ring at the top at the bottom", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00083-00020504-00020683": "what's or you know a midway it's going", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00084-00020684-00020965": "to want to squeeze itself and compress", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00085-00020966-00021228": "yourself the fact that these kites are", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00086-00021229-00021406": "set with this Bank angle where they are", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00087-00021407-00021631": "pulling out words definitely helps you", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00088-00021632-00021934": "and of course the radius here definitely", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00089-00021935-00022189": "helps you transfer torsion forces to the", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00090-00022190-00022447": "bottom helps you to cope with that so", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00091-00022448-00022922": "large radius a positive expansion force", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00092-00022923-00023212": "means you can transfer over tension", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00093-00023213-00023446": "torsion down to the bottom and it's", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00094-00023447-00023638": "cumulative so at the bottom you have", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00095-00023639-00023992": "this great big lift and it would only be", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00096-00023993-00024388": "a function let's just see a of the you", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00097-00024389-00024613": "know the overall total of left the", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00098-00024614-00024838": "overall total of drive that would come", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00099-00024839-00025144": "out so you know for each one it'll give", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00100-00025145-00025446": "so much that the you know bits of drag", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00101-00025447-00025675": "there will be losses through the system", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00102-00025676-00025843": "but you're going to get a cumulative", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00103-00025844-00026283": "amount of those five rings above that", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00104-00026284-00026593": "comes out at the bottom that's going to", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00105-00026594-00026757": "be pretty nifty", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00106-00026758-00027114": "so as discussed on that recent paper", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00107-00027115-00027429": "that I just released a different", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00108-00027430-00027720": "settings for this Bank angle or say on", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00109-00027721-00027849": "the lower kites will cause more", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00110-00027850-00028020": "inflation which when you've got more", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00111-00028021-00028215": "torque going down that may be a similar", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00112-00028216-00028449": "diameter maybe even a shorter dammit or", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00113-00028450-00028645": "lower down so it's a preparing to", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00114-00028645-00029032": "interface with and biotech offerings at", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00115-00029033-00029245": "the bottom then if you've got more", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00116-00029245-00029364": "inflation force you're able to deal with", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00117-00029365-00029580": "a bit more torque as you go down as", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00118-00029581-00029790": "dependent on the whole thing spinning of", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00119-00029791-00029976": "course there's an awful lot of dynamics", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00120-00029977-00030373": "to look at in this however it's sure", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00121-00030374-00030687": "okay in prototype I think this can", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00122-00030688-00031054": "expand white well we're going up to find", "SUrhSdHbV4y-00123-00031055-00031272": "it"}}, {"audio_id": "SUGscY7Atag", "text": {"SUGscY7Atag-00000-00000041-00000305": "okay so I want to talk regarding this", "SUGscY7Atag-00001-00000306-00000551": "menu bar a little bit more in depth", "SUGscY7Atag-00002-00000552-00000661": "again", "SUGscY7Atag-00003-00000662-00000857": "when it comes to configurations I", "SUGscY7Atag-00004-00000858-00001136": "already basically mentioned this and you", "SUGscY7Atag-00005-00001137-00001312": "know broke this down for you which is", "SUGscY7Atag-00006-00001313-00001651": "basically whenever you're looking at the", "SUGscY7Atag-00007-00001652-00001909": "configuration to change anything the", "SUGscY7Atag-00008-00001910-00002284": "default settings are 99% of what you", "SUGscY7Atag-00009-00002285-00002452": "really need the only time that you're", "SUGscY7Atag-00010-00002453-00002666": "gonna change things are if you want the", "SUGscY7Atag-00011-00002667-00002908": "spider to go about in a different manner", "SUGscY7Atag-00012-00002909-00003226": "or behave differently robots.txt if you", "SUGscY7Atag-00013-00003227-00003397": "want it basically to ignore it so you", "SUGscY7Atag-00014-00003398-00003578": "you're just changing things that", "SUGscY7Atag-00015-00003579-00003776": "shouldn't actually be changed inside of", "SUGscY7Atag-00016-00003777-00004070": "your most the time same with these URL", "SUGscY7Atag-00017-00004071-00004243": "rewriting is what to include and exclude", "SUGscY7Atag-00018-00004244-00004520": "how fast you should crawl the website", "SUGscY7Atag-00019-00004521-00004733": "the default crawl is safe for almost", "SUGscY7Atag-00020-00004734-00004961": "every website so I wouldn't really", "SUGscY7Atag-00021-00004962-00005210": "increase this too much or really need to", "SUGscY7Atag-00022-00005211-00005488": "decrease it same thing here if you have", "SUGscY7Atag-00023-00005489-00005651": "any custom settings or customers", "SUGscY7Atag-00024-00005652-00005852": "extractions you want or terms to search", "SUGscY7Atag-00025-00005853-00006127": "for if you want to use a proxy if you", "SUGscY7Atag-00026-00006128-00006439": "want to reset the user interface if you", "SUGscY7Atag-00027-00006440-00006623": "have any API access this is where you", "SUGscY7Atag-00028-00006623-00006859": "enter all of this detail in if you want", "SUGscY7Atag-00029-00006861-00007151": "to authenticate it etc there's different", "SUGscY7Atag-00030-00007152-00007289": "types of modes which I'll cover very", "SUGscY7Atag-00031-00007290-00007595": "shortly in a little bit these are the", "SUGscY7Atag-00032-00007595-00007901": "spider lists and SERP the bulk export", "SUGscY7Atag-00033-00007902-00008051": "there seems like there's a lot of", "SUGscY7Atag-00034-00008052-00008234": "options in here in links out links", "SUGscY7Atag-00035-00008235-00008456": "anchor text images screenshots all this", "SUGscY7Atag-00036-00008457-00008660": "and that look at all these great things", "SUGscY7Atag-00037-00008661-00008824": "you can choose there's actually only", "SUGscY7Atag-00038-00008825-00009053": "three between the bulk export and the", "SUGscY7Atag-00039-00009054-00009374": "reports that you really need to pull out", "SUGscY7Atag-00040-00009375-00009703": "in order to basically improve your", "SUGscY7Atag-00041-00009704-00009939": "website in almost every fashion and", "SUGscY7Atag-00042-00009940-00010274": "those things are going to be bulk export", "SUGscY7Atag-00043-00010275-00010669": "all in links and that gets all of your", "SUGscY7Atag-00044-00010670-00010981": "terms inside of here oh let me quickly", "SUGscY7Atag-00045-00010982-00011321": "pull up this uh this excel sheet get my", "SUGscY7Atag-00046-00011322-00011417": "face out of here", "SUGscY7Atag-00047-00011418-00011814": "and what this will end up doing is", "SUGscY7Atag-00048-00011815-00012124": "showing all of the different types of", "SUGscY7Atag-00049-00012125-00012531": "links where they go to any destinations", "SUGscY7Atag-00050-00012532-00012974": "in terms of hey this tag or this link or", "SUGscY7Atag-00051-00012975-00013312": "this etc goes over here oops", "SUGscY7Atag-00052-00013313-00013588": "my apologies this just gives you the", "SUGscY7Atag-00053-00013588-00013840": "destination and any text that may come", "SUGscY7Atag-00054-00013841-00014002": "through the main thing that you're gonna", "SUGscY7Atag-00055-00014003-00014263": "get from this though is your status code", "SUGscY7Atag-00056-00014263-00014591": "updates and your status code updates are", "SUGscY7Atag-00057-00014593-00014965": "really going to be finding out where", "SUGscY7Atag-00058-00014966-00015238": "your 404 errors are so here here's all", "SUGscY7Atag-00059-00015238-00015679": "your 404 errors quite a number so this", "SUGscY7Atag-00060-00015680-00015865": "is what we're gonna be working on focus", "SUGscY7Atag-00061-00015866-00016156": "focusing to fix so all of these URLs", "SUGscY7Atag-00062-00016157-00016573": "right here are going to be obviously", "SUGscY7Atag-00063-00016574-00016843": "something that we look inside of and try", "SUGscY7Atag-00064-00016844-00017074": "and figure out how we can move these 404", "SUGscY7Atag-00065-00017075-00017500": "a wet I'm sorry these 404 - a 301 again", "SUGscY7Atag-00066-00017501-00017626": "I'll show you how to do a lot of this", "SUGscY7Atag-00067-00017627-00017857": "shortly so these are all your in links", "SUGscY7Atag-00068-00017858-00018055": "the next thing that you're gonna want to", "SUGscY7Atag-00069-00018056-00018487": "do is gonna go to reports and then your", "SUGscY7Atag-00070-00018488-00018655": "crawl overview and this is your basic", "SUGscY7Atag-00071-00018656-00018952": "overview of everything that you've", "SUGscY7Atag-00072-00018953-00019426": "gotten it's very generic here you see", "SUGscY7Atag-00073-00019427-00019732": "everything it's basically all of those", "SUGscY7Atag-00074-00019733-00020059": "tabs divvied up into each different", "SUGscY7Atag-00075-00020060-00020245": "section that makes sense and is", "SUGscY7Atag-00076-00020246-00020770": "appropriate so that's the crawl overview", "SUGscY7Atag-00077-00020771-00020953": "then the other thing that you're going", "SUGscY7Atag-00078-00020954-00021301": "to also have here is going to be your", "SUGscY7Atag-00079-00021302-00021505": "SERP summary and your SERPs um eree is", "SUGscY7Atag-00080-00021506-00021775": "really all of this information that you", "SUGscY7Atag-00081-00021776-00022225": "see right here let me quickly go over to", "SUGscY7Atag-00082-00022226-00022444": "that and that's going to be your URL", "SUGscY7Atag-00083-00022445-00022753": "your title the length of that the pixel", "SUGscY7Atag-00084-00022754-00022972": "length the description the length of", "SUGscY7Atag-00085-00022973-00023221": "that the pixel length of that as well so", "SUGscY7Atag-00086-00023222-00023416": "that's gonna hold basically all the", "SUGscY7Atag-00087-00023417-00023722": "information in regards to what you need", "SUGscY7Atag-00088-00023723-00023983": "to optimize for your title and your meta", "SUGscY7Atag-00089-00023984-00024106": "descriptions which are the most", "SUGscY7Atag-00090-00024107-00024430": "important now if you want to download", "SUGscY7Atag-00091-00024431-00024712": "any of this additional stuff you know", "SUGscY7Atag-00092-00024713-00025063": "the meta keywords the H ones the h2s etc", "SUGscY7Atag-00093-00025064-00025273": "that can be valuable that's more of an", "SUGscY7Atag-00094-00025274-00025585": "in-depth thing if that's the case then", "SUGscY7Atag-00095-00025586-00025993": "all you're gonna simply do let's come", "SUGscY7Atag-00096-00025994-00026227": "over here export you're gonna export", "SUGscY7Atag-00097-00026227-00026739": "everything so that's a full internal", "SUGscY7Atag-00098-00026739-00027213": "gonna quickly come over here get that", "SUGscY7Atag-00099-00027214-00027622": "and then that'll export everything that", "SUGscY7Atag-00100-00027623-00027894": "you see here so this is a little bit", "SUGscY7Atag-00101-00027895-00028150": "overwhelming for most clients I find but", "SUGscY7Atag-00102-00028151-00028372": "if they pay it a small amount like I", "SUGscY7Atag-00103-00028373-00028579": "said something under fifty bucks this is", "SUGscY7Atag-00104-00028580-00028732": "what I usually give them otherwise I", "SUGscY7Atag-00105-00028733-00028861": "break this up into a few different", "SUGscY7Atag-00106-00028862-00029089": "divvied up portions and maybe I'll also", "SUGscY7Atag-00107-00029089-00029356": "include this as well so that way we know", "SUGscY7Atag-00108-00029357-00029616": "really what to go about and start fixing", "SUGscY7Atag-00109-00029617-00029941": "and from here again these three reports", "SUGscY7Atag-00110-00029942-00030142": "all your in links your crawl overview", "SUGscY7Atag-00111-00030143-00030325": "and your SERPs uh Marie will give you", "SUGscY7Atag-00112-00030326-00030457": "everything that you need to start", "SUGscY7Atag-00113-00030458-00030645": "getting your titles your descriptions", "SUGscY7Atag-00114-00030647-00030913": "and your keywords focus properly of", "SUGscY7Atag-00115-00030914-00031135": "course downloading the entire internal", "SUGscY7Atag-00116-00031136-00031339": "this is what I use is basically a", "SUGscY7Atag-00117-00031339-00031630": "blueprint I will have one which is an", "SUGscY7Atag-00118-00031631-00032020": "internal you know total scan is what", "SUGscY7Atag-00119-00032020-00032206": "I'll call it basically and up before and", "SUGscY7Atag-00120-00032207-00032458": "then I'll work on the after so that way", "SUGscY7Atag-00121-00032458-00032733": "they see what was and what work I have", "SUGscY7Atag-00122-00032735-00032920": "done you need to always do that you know", "SUGscY7Atag-00123-00032921-00033145": "a snapshot of before and after just let", "SUGscY7Atag-00124-00033146-00033274": "them know this is what everything was", "SUGscY7Atag-00125-00033275-00033475": "before and now I'm working on this one", "SUGscY7Atag-00126-00033476-00033631": "that's after and here's the things that", "SUGscY7Atag-00127-00033632-00033778": "we need to copy and paste in and there", "SUGscY7Atag-00128-00033779-00033949": "was a lot of work and optimization done", "SUGscY7Atag-00129-00033950-00034417": "so it's really inexpensive and really", "SUGscY7Atag-00130-00034418-00034687": "easy to do when you optimize everything", "SUGscY7Atag-00131-00034688-00034972": "from inside here and then you just hire", "SUGscY7Atag-00132-00034973-00035167": "someone like a virtual assistant do the", "SUGscY7Atag-00133-00035168-00035440": "rest for you manually because once you", "SUGscY7Atag-00134-00035441-00035611": "get in manually it takes a little bit of", "SUGscY7Atag-00135-00035612-00035809": "time but it's much less when you do it", "SUGscY7Atag-00136-00035810-00036064": "through an excel sheet just like this so", "SUGscY7Atag-00137-00036065-00036313": "that's basically all you're going to", "SUGscY7Atag-00138-00036314-00036859": "really need for your your reporting and", "SUGscY7Atag-00139-00036860-00037063": "again if you want any other types of", "SUGscY7Atag-00140-00037064-00037309": "reporting here you can also go inside of", "SUGscY7Atag-00141-00037310-00037512": "this and download whatever you need", "SUGscY7Atag-00142-00037513-00037804": "again and it works for each individual", "SUGscY7Atag-00143-00037805-00038224": "one you're literally exporting certain", "SUGscY7Atag-00144-00038225-00038533": "either columns or you're exporting all", "SUGscY7Atag-00145-00038534-00038731": "of it but again the internal and the", "SUGscY7Atag-00146-00038732-00038806": "external", "SUGscY7Atag-00147-00038807-00039145": "literally contain all of this data just", "SUGscY7Atag-00148-00039146-00039451": "all in one big heap though so that's", "SUGscY7Atag-00149-00039452-00039694": "what that is now I also want to", "SUGscY7Atag-00150-00039695-00039943": "introduce the sitemaps and this is how", "SUGscY7Atag-00151-00039944-00040045": "you literally create a", "SUGscY7Atag-00152-00040046-00040314": "site map for yourself you basically", "SUGscY7Atag-00153-00040315-00040729": "don't want to check any of these because", "SUGscY7Atag-00154-00040730-00040942": "no index pages there no indexed for a", "SUGscY7Atag-00155-00040943-00041433": "reason include connect the canonicalized", "SUGscY7Atag-00156-00041434-00041674": "that could end up looking like duplicate", "SUGscY7Atag-00157-00041675-00042061": "content if you have a WWN a non ww-why", "SUGscY7Atag-00158-00042062-00042286": "said either go to one or the other so", "SUGscY7Atag-00159-00042287-00042529": "that they funnel otherwise your did", "SUGscY7Atag-00160-00042530-00042682": "being up your SEO and you're losing half", "SUGscY7Atag-00161-00042683-00042933": "of yours your your rankings basically", "SUGscY7Atag-00162-00042934-00043258": "because of that that one change don't", "SUGscY7Atag-00163-00043259-00043446": "include page paginating", "SUGscY7Atag-00164-00043447-00043882": "my apologies pageant paginated urls I do", "SUGscY7Atag-00165-00043883-00044133": "like to include PDFs not everyone", "SUGscY7Atag-00166-00044134-00044335": "suggests that the reason I do it is", "SUGscY7Atag-00167-00044336-00044545": "because it's naturally going to be found", "SUGscY7Atag-00168-00044546-00044812": "as external content but I like to add", "SUGscY7Atag-00169-00044813-00045099": "especially if you're a PDF prone website", "SUGscY7Atag-00170-00045100-00045327": "if you don't have a lot of PDFs you know", "SUGscY7Atag-00171-00045328-00045511": "training manuals or things like that", "SUGscY7Atag-00172-00045512-00045843": "then don't include PDFs or if you have", "SUGscY7Atag-00173-00045844-00046198": "PDF products do not include PDFs but", "SUGscY7Atag-00174-00046199-00046518": "otherwise I like to include PDFs because", "SUGscY7Atag-00175-00046519-00046839": "I have one side of my website that's", "SUGscY7Atag-00176-00046840-00047104": "literally all the PDFs are free and then", "SUGscY7Atag-00177-00047105-00047274": "I'll have a subdomain where all my PDFs", "SUGscY7Atag-00178-00047275-00047502": "are the paid versions of whatever I'm", "SUGscY7Atag-00179-00047503-00047731": "trying to sell people so I like to do it", "SUGscY7Atag-00180-00047732-00047920": "it's a preference for you if you sell", "SUGscY7Atag-00181-00047921-00048151": "things that are in a PDF form on your", "SUGscY7Atag-00182-00048152-00048502": "website do not check that everything", "SUGscY7Atag-00183-00048503-00048898": "else around here is literally made so", "SUGscY7Atag-00184-00048899-00049296": "that is coming by default ready and too", "SUGscY7Atag-00185-00049297-00049440": "good to go out the box so we're just", "SUGscY7Atag-00186-00049441-00049749": "click click Next it does that we click", "SUGscY7Atag-00187-00049750-00050098": "Save it does that we're done and now we", "SUGscY7Atag-00188-00050099-00050268": "have a sitemap and we just simply upload", "SUGscY7Atag-00189-00050269-00050496": "this into our server we also want to", "SUGscY7Atag-00190-00050497-00050799": "create an image sitemap as well same", "SUGscY7Atag-00191-00050800-00050949": "thing goes here we don't want to check", "SUGscY7Atag-00192-00050950-00051199": "any of these all of this comes out by", "SUGscY7Atag-00193-00051200-00051625": "default naturally good if there's any no", "SUGscY7Atag-00194-00051626-00051801": "index images the reason behind that", "SUGscY7Atag-00195-00051802-00052026": "would probably be you have something", "SUGscY7Atag-00196-00052027-00052324": "secret maybe a password or some", "SUGscY7Atag-00197-00052325-00052557": "information or it may be a million", "SUGscY7Atag-00198-00052558-00052729": "different things but you don't want", "SUGscY7Atag-00199-00052729-00052905": "those probably indexed for a reason so", "SUGscY7Atag-00200-00052907-00053188": "don't have check that box again you can", "SUGscY7Atag-00201-00053189-00053389": "just go as is to fall", "SUGscY7Atag-00202-00053390-00053641": "now you have an image sitemap this image", "SUGscY7Atag-00203-00053641-00053869": "sitemap and normal sitemap are two", "SUGscY7Atag-00204-00053870-00054166": "things that Google really wants and the", "SUGscY7Atag-00205-00054166-00054337": "normal sitemap is to get indexed inside", "SUGscY7Atag-00206-00054338-00054553": "of Google organic the image sitemap is", "SUGscY7Atag-00207-00054554-00054772": "to get indexed inside of Google images", "SUGscY7Atag-00208-00054773-00054982": "which is a search engine that gets a", "SUGscY7Atag-00209-00054983-00055279": "buttload of traffic but Google and other", "SUGscY7Atag-00210-00055279-00055447": "people for some reason never talk about", "SUGscY7Atag-00211-00055448-00055651": "this I get like a couple thousand", "SUGscY7Atag-00212-00055652-00055819": "searches a month just for my images", "SUGscY7Atag-00213-00055820-00056113": "because they're custom made images for", "SUGscY7Atag-00214-00056114-00056341": "me you know I don't pay much more than a", "SUGscY7Atag-00215-00056341-00056575": "buck or two for each image and I just", "SUGscY7Atag-00216-00056576-00056749": "pop them into different posts with", "SUGscY7Atag-00217-00056750-00056911": "different alt tags so when people search", "SUGscY7Atag-00218-00056912-00057127": "those things inside this google image", "SUGscY7Atag-00219-00057128-00057409": "search engine they find me they click on", "SUGscY7Atag-00220-00057410-00057622": "that they visit my website that's it", "SUGscY7Atag-00221-00057623-00057916": "done deal and we go from there so I do", "SUGscY7Atag-00222-00057916-00058179": "enjoy obviously being able to make those", "SUGscY7Atag-00223-00058180-00058329": "sitemaps with the click of a button like", "SUGscY7Atag-00224-00058330-00058534": "that and you're done here of course is", "SUGscY7Atag-00225-00058535-00058680": "where you're enter in your license and", "SUGscY7Atag-00226-00058682-00058929": "he helped that you need user support a", "SUGscY7Atag-00227-00058930-00059158": "fake use a guide on anything that you're", "SUGscY7Atag-00228-00059159-00059386": "not sure about all inside of there so", "SUGscY7Atag-00229-00059387-00059557": "that's about everything that you need to", "SUGscY7Atag-00230-00059558-00059904": "know in regards to exporting and using", "SUGscY7Atag-00231-00059905-00060175": "that top menu bar up there but the", "SUGscY7Atag-00232-00060176-00060354": "exports are very easy very simple", "SUGscY7Atag-00233-00060354-00060508": "usually you're just going to go to", "SUGscY7Atag-00234-00060509-00060766": "internal export just like that and", "SUGscY7Atag-00235-00060766-00061075": "you're done"}}, {"audio_id": "SUK9t8GRk-y", "text": {"SUK9t8GRk-y-00000-00000283-00003384": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00001-00003385-00005070": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00002-00005071-00007083": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00003-00007084-00007234": "legos", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00004-00007236-00007777": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00005-00007778-00008483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00006-00008484-00008916": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00007-00008917-00009429": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00008-00009430-00010272": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00009-00010273-00011579": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00010-00011580-00013054": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00011-00013055-00013809": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00012-00013810-00015483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00013-00015484-00015683": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00014-00015684-00018585": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00015-00018586-00019683": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00016-00019684-00020541": "what", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00017-00020542-00021083": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00018-00021084-00021191": "foreign", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00019-00021192-00021284": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00020-00021285-00021630": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00021-00021631-00022430": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00022-00022431-00023361": "only emptiness", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00023-00023362-00024545": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00024-00024546-00025283": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00025-00025284-00025534": "is", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00026-00025535-00027418": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00027-00027419-00028083": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00028-00028083-00028608": "foreign", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00029-00028608-00028767": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00030-00028768-00029976": "this stretch", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00031-00029977-00031122": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00032-00031123-00032133": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00033-00032133-00032283": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00034-00032283-00032397": "um", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00035-00032398-00035083": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00036-00035084-00035313": "i'm", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00037-00035314-00036483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00038-00036484-00037196": "hey", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00039-00037197-00037745": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00040-00037746-00037938": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00041-00037939-00039283": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00042-00039284-00039895": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00043-00039896-00040683": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00044-00040684-00040916": "uh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00045-00040917-00041480": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00046-00041481-00042520": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00047-00042521-00043483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00048-00043484-00043996": "ugh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00049-00043997-00047683": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00050-00047684-00047797": "hmm", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00051-00047798-00050483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00052-00050484-00050919": "foreign", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00053-00050920-00051882": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00054-00051883-00052320": "do", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00055-00052321-00053962": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00056-00053963-00055299": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00057-00055300-00056250": "oh yeah", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00058-00056251-00057482": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00059-00057483-00057751": "oh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00060-00057752-00058287": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00061-00058288-00059008": "all right", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00062-00059009-00059838": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00063-00059839-00060282": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00064-00060283-00060454": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00065-00060455-00064482": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00066-00064483-00065267": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00067-00065269-00066202": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00068-00066203-00067938": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00069-00067939-00068581": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00070-00068582-00068621": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00071-00068622-00070082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00072-00070083-00070207": "hmm", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00073-00070208-00072519": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00074-00072520-00072882": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00075-00072883-00073384": "is", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00076-00073385-00074282": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00077-00074283-00074683": "foreign", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00078-00074684-00075682": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00079-00075683-00075966": "foreign", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00080-00075967-00077082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00081-00077083-00077193": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00082-00077194-00079882": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00083-00079883-00080498": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00084-00080499-00081135": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00085-00081136-00081824": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00086-00081825-00083391": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00087-00083392-00083703": "hey", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00088-00083704-00084082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00089-00084083-00084247": "oh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00090-00084248-00086882": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00091-00086883-00087377": "oh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00092-00087378-00088063": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00093-00088064-00088282": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00094-00088283-00088479": "hey", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00095-00088480-00088593": "oh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00096-00088594-00089682": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00097-00089683-00090182": "hello", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00098-00090183-00091082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00099-00091083-00091315": "hey", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00100-00091316-00091883": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00101-00091884-00092311": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00102-00092312-00092775": "hey oh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00103-00092776-00093633": "hey", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00104-00093634-00093882": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00105-00093883-00094576": "hey", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00106-00094577-00096330": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00107-00096331-00096682": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00108-00096683-00096793": "systems", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00109-00096794-00097504": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00110-00097505-00099482": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00111-00099483-00100598": "oh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00112-00100599-00101375": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00113-00101376-00101960": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00114-00101961-00102919": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00115-00102920-00103682": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00116-00103683-00103892": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00117-00103893-00104503": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00118-00104504-00104648": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00119-00104649-00105083": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00120-00105083-00105350": "don't", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00121-00105351-00106246": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00122-00106247-00106492": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00123-00106493-00106826": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00124-00106827-00107883": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00125-00107883-00108138": "do", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00126-00108139-00109092": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00127-00109093-00110014": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00128-00110015-00110683": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00129-00110683-00110948": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00130-00110949-00113483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00131-00113483-00114008": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00132-00114009-00115726": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00133-00115727-00116904": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00134-00116905-00117136": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00135-00117138-00117332": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00136-00117333-00119999": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00137-00120000-00120775": "everything in the world", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00138-00120776-00121342": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00139-00121343-00121875": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00140-00121876-00122185": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00141-00122186-00122566": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00142-00122567-00123506": "you know", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00143-00123507-00124106": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00144-00124107-00124139": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00145-00124140-00125454": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00146-00125455-00125708": "now i am remembering", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00147-00125709-00126134": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00148-00126135-00126185": "next that", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00149-00126186-00126846": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00150-00126847-00128133": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00151-00128134-00128883": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00152-00128883-00130030": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00153-00130031-00130753": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00154-00130754-00132489": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00155-00132490-00133031": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00156-00133032-00133889": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00157-00133890-00136785": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00158-00136786-00137283": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00159-00137284-00137421": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00160-00137422-00137890": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00161-00137891-00138210": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00162-00138211-00138429": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00163-00138430-00138683": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00164-00138684-00139916": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00165-00139917-00140083": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00166-00140084-00140227": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00167-00140228-00140627": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00168-00140628-00140937": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00169-00140938-00141483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00170-00141484-00142237": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00171-00142238-00143574": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00172-00143575-00143864": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00173-00143865-00144254": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00174-00144255-00144504": "[Laughter]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00175-00144505-00145047": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00176-00145048-00145235": "[Laughter]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00177-00145236-00145683": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00178-00145684-00145952": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00179-00145953-00146493": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00180-00146494-00146912": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00181-00146913-00150101": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00182-00150102-00150826": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00183-00150827-00151283": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00184-00151284-00151702": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00185-00151703-00152946": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00186-00152947-00153457": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00187-00153458-00154538": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00188-00154539-00155483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00189-00155484-00155813": "do", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00190-00155814-00156391": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00191-00156392-00157541": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00192-00157542-00158283": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00193-00158284-00158517": "do", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00194-00158518-00158622": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00195-00158623-00158717": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00196-00158718-00159869": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00197-00159870-00162021": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00198-00162022-00163148": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00199-00163149-00164520": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00200-00164521-00166607": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00201-00166608-00167860": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00202-00167861-00168083": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00203-00168084-00168513": "okay", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00204-00168514-00170570": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00205-00170571-00173683": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00206-00173684-00174115": "oh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00207-00174116-00179283": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00208-00179284-00179660": "yes", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00209-00179661-00181684": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00210-00181685-00182083": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00211-00182084-00182730": "um", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00212-00182731-00183483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00213-00183484-00183647": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00214-00183648-00184990": "thank you", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00215-00184991-00186283": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00216-00186284-00186832": "is", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00217-00186833-00187780": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00218-00187781-00188526": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00219-00188527-00189419": "i think", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00220-00189420-00189599": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00221-00189600-00190896": "and then", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00222-00190897-00191595": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00223-00191596-00192735": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00224-00192736-00196523": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00225-00196524-00197483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00226-00197484-00197972": "uh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00227-00197973-00198883": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00228-00198884-00199202": "is", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00229-00199203-00201683": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00230-00201684-00202413": "uh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00231-00202414-00204483": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00232-00204484-00205066": "great", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00233-00205067-00206072": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00234-00206073-00207496": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00235-00207498-00208682": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00236-00208683-00208942": "m", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00237-00208944-00209802": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00238-00209803-00210082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00239-00210083-00210757": "window", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00240-00210758-00211482": "[Laughter]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00241-00211483-00212344": "is", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00242-00212346-00213223": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00243-00213223-00213951": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00244-00213952-00214282": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00245-00214283-00214611": "is", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00246-00214612-00215682": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00247-00215683-00215856": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00248-00215857-00217082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00249-00217083-00217827": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00250-00217828-00218353": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00251-00218354-00221203": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00252-00221204-00221890": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00253-00221891-00224082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00254-00224083-00224498": "okay", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00255-00224500-00225359": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00256-00225360-00225963": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00257-00225964-00226882": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00258-00226883-00227812": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00259-00227813-00228787": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00260-00228788-00230337": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00261-00230338-00231082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00262-00231083-00231398": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00263-00231398-00231659": "[Laughter]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00264-00231660-00232736": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00265-00232737-00232763": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00266-00232764-00233742": "[Applause]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00267-00233742-00234546": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00268-00234548-00235282": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00269-00235283-00236025": "uh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00270-00236026-00236682": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00271-00236683-00237773": "uh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00272-00237775-00238082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00273-00238083-00239001": "oh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00274-00239002-00240330": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00275-00240331-00240980": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00276-00240981-00242282": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00277-00242283-00243219": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00278-00243221-00243682": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00279-00243683-00243817": "oh", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00280-00243817-00244564": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00281-00244565-00245082": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00282-00245083-00247659": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00283-00247660-00249282": "[Music]", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00284-00249283-00250682": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00285-00250683-00254055": "so", "SUK9t8GRk-y-00286-00254056-00254264": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "SUZw6dsEAXY", "text": {"SUZw6dsEAXY-00000-00000008-00000739": "[Music]", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00001-00000740-00001019": "thank you", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00002-00001019-00001253": "Gerald popis says I heard of a case", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00003-00001254-00001474": "where a world is being challenged the", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00004-00001475-00001648": "big problem in proceeding is the", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00005-00001650-00001882": "witnesses for the notary signature could", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00006-00001884-00002249": "not be found what are your thoughts", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00007-00002250-00002567": "the witnesses for the notary signature", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00008-00002568-00002795": "so", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00009-00002796-00003137": "it really is subject to state law about", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00010-00003138-00003406": "whether those Witnesses have to be found", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00011-00003407-00003899": "or not it's", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00012-00003900-00004222": "you've got an officer of the court that", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00013-00004223-00004565": "is the notary and that is the keys to", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00014-00004566-00004865": "the kingdom right there so the the", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00015-00004866-00005243": "witness beyond that is generally not a", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00016-00005244-00005413": "requirement", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00017-00005414-00005693": "uh in many jurisdictions you'll have to", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00018-00005694-00006004": "have a a separate witness an unofficial", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00019-00006005-00006365": "witness sign uh in that notarization", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00020-00006366-00006689": "block uh for it to be a recordable", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00021-00006690-00007319": "document however uh on many Estates uh", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00022-00007320-00007696": "attorneys and like Bank notaries are", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00023-00007697-00008056": "becoming increasingly reluctant to", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00024-00008058-00008321": "notarize certain types of documents", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00025-00008322-00008614": "because they don't want to end up in a", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00026-00008615-00008927": "lawsuit like a contested will", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00027-00008928-00009341": "uh and uh so they uh they have a", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00028-00009342-00009551": "tendency to say no I I can't I won't", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00029-00009552-00009701": "notarize that", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00030-00009702-00010217": "however uh there are mobile notaries uh", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00031-00010218-00010631": "and you can do you can uh look up notary", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00032-00010632-00011056": "in on the internet for your area and", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00033-00011057-00011333": "many of them will come to your Locale", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00034-00011334-00011555": "and if you tell them you also need a", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00035-00011556-00011746": "witness and they will provide you with a", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00036-00011747-00012005": "witness it won't be cheap", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00037-00012006-00012383": "we do have a notary whiz our notary Wiz", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00038-00012384-00012664": "is a platinum Street Smart Platinum who", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00039-00012665-00013015": "is a licensed uh private investigator", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00040-00013016-00013457": "and is licensed to do notarization out", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00041-00013458-00013607": "of Florida", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00042-00013608-00014008": "in all 50 states that allow mobile", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00043-00014009-00014272": "notaries and she can even record", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00044-00014273-00014711": "documents in 1900 counties so if you're", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00045-00014712-00014951": "interested in notary whiz just put it in", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00046-00014952-00015179": "the box and I'll I'll get you the", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00047-00015180-00015327": "contact information", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00048-00015328-00016057": "[Music]", "SUZw6dsEAXY-00049-00016058-00016358": "thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "SV0fTzcyty8", "text": {"SV0fTzcyty8-00000-00000627-00000927": "oh"}}, {"audio_id": "SV2Jr2reKtA", "text": {"SV2Jr2reKtA-00000-00000099-00001186": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "SViC5-cXEh8", "text": {"SViC5-cXEh8-00000-00000111-00001491": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00001-00001492-00001848": "so", "SViC5-cXEh8-00002-00001850-00003725": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00003-00003726-00003831": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00004-00003832-00004011": "[Applause]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00005-00004013-00009883": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00006-00009884-00010303": "so", "SViC5-cXEh8-00007-00010304-00011669": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00008-00011670-00016883": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00009-00016884-00017287": "my", "SViC5-cXEh8-00010-00017288-00018283": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00011-00018284-00018521": "oh", "SViC5-cXEh8-00012-00018522-00019683": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00013-00019684-00020496": "so", "SViC5-cXEh8-00014-00020497-00020752": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00015-00020753-00020787": "[Applause]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00016-00020788-00022483": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00017-00022484-00022877": "uh", "SViC5-cXEh8-00018-00022878-00025283": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00019-00025284-00025456": "uh", "SViC5-cXEh8-00020-00025457-00026127": "[Music]", "SViC5-cXEh8-00021-00026127-00026335": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "SVjz1G3mOmy", "text": {"SVjz1G3mOmy-00000-00000024-00000559": "i love rural nursing", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00001-00000560-00000782": "i just love all the variety of patients", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00002-00000783-00001070": "you see", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00003-00001071-00001262": "start the day off with the maternity and", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00004-00001263-00001383": "then you can", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00005-00001384-00001566": "have mental health patients it's the", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00006-00001567-00001702": "acute medical", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00007-00001703-00001975": "surgical unit i get to see all ages of", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00008-00001976-00002047": "patients", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00009-00002048-00002239": "from like infants all the way to", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00010-00002240-00002375": "geriatrics", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00011-00002376-00002710": "[Music]", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00012-00002711-00002887": "and i'm always always always learning", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00013-00002888-00003015": "which i love", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00014-00003016-00003199": "you're just about anywhere you throw me", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00015-00003200-00003383": "i'm right into it i'm ready i", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00016-00003384-00003522": "accept the challenges", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00017-00003524-00003815": "[Music]", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00018-00003815-00003990": "i like our hospital because i like how", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00019-00003992-00004151": "everything is just like a close-knit", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00020-00004152-00004231": "family", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00021-00004232-00004422": "we form a relationship with the doctors", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00022-00004423-00004575": "where they trust us", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00023-00004576-00004791": "they'll ask me like what what do you", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00024-00004792-00004959": "think we should do what labs do you want", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00025-00004960-00005111": "what x-rays do you want like they trust", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00026-00005112-00005184": "my input", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00027-00005185-00005527": "[Music]", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00028-00005528-00005822": "the nurses that work rurally are like no", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00029-00005823-00005999": "other team of nurses that i've worked", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00030-00006000-00006038": "with", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00031-00006039-00006231": "in the way that they're able to work", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00032-00006232-00006359": "autonomously", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00033-00006360-00006550": "in the way that they're able to just", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00034-00006551-00006710": "adapt to any situation", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00035-00006711-00006895": "anything that comes through the door", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00036-00006895-00007087": "that's what i love about being rural too", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00037-00007088-00007303": "is that i practiced a completely full", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00038-00007304-00007567": "scope", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00039-00007568-00007727": "when we arrived here i said to my", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00040-00007728-00007910": "husband well we'll give it a go for a", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00041-00007911-00008087": "couple of years and and then we'll", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00042-00008088-00008295": "we'll move somewhere else and so now", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00043-00008296-00008487": "we're six years later and we're very", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00044-00008488-00008527": "much", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00045-00008528-00008759": "firmly entrenched in lacklubish", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00046-00008760-00008846": "community", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00047-00008847-00009063": "we live near beautiful lakes and", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00048-00009064-00009151": "campsites", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00049-00009152-00009742": "and we enjoy the outdoor life", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00050-00009743-00009959": "i'll go fishing in the winter and oh", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00051-00009960-00010159": "that was phenomenal", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00052-00010160-00010310": "the biggest fish i ever caught was a", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00053-00010311-00011142": "jack that was probably like this big", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00054-00011143-00011327": "for any young nurse coming you will", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00055-00011328-00011551": "never get an experience like you will", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00056-00011552-00011767": "in a rural healthcare setting it's just", "SVjz1G3mOmy-00057-00011768-00012743": "a great opportunity"}}, {"audio_id": "SVwA4QNheFc", "text": {"SVwA4QNheFc-00000-00000692-00001019": "hello everybody sign here and today I'm", "SVwA4QNheFc-00001-00001019-00001456": "going to show you how to run DMC and", "SVwA4QNheFc-00002-00001457-00001955": "connect to occupy using VNC so we visit", "SVwA4QNheFc-00003-00001955-00002485": "is this website called via VNC calm and", "SVwA4QNheFc-00004-00002486-00003256": "then we download it for our platform", "SVwA4QNheFc-00005-00003257-00003926": "built into a row 35 and we just download", "SVwA4QNheFc-00006-00003927-00004640": "DNC and once it's downloaded you can", "SVwA4QNheFc-00007-00004641-00005057": "install it I've got a I've got paid over", "SVwA4QNheFc-00008-00005058-00005804": "here 21", "SVwA4QNheFc-00009-00005805-00006361": "and then we install it and then it asks", "SVwA4QNheFc-00010-00006362-00007503": "us to enter a password", "SVwA4QNheFc-00011-00007504-00007941": "and each once it's done installing you", "SVwA4QNheFc-00012-00007942-00008403": "can just launch it and this excess terms", "SVwA4QNheFc-00013-00008404-00009239": "and conditions okay and you've got it", "SVwA4QNheFc-00014-00009240-00009906": "and now VNC server setup SSH into our", "SVwA4QNheFc-00015-00009907-00010245": "resume file I'll explain that in the", "SVwA4QNheFc-00016-00010246-00010428": "previous video you could just check that", "SVwA4QNheFc-00017-00010429-00012302": "out", "SVwA4QNheFc-00018-00012303-00013121": "and we guys me and see silver and the", "SVwA4QNheFc-00019-00013122-00013622": "stockton DNT solar and they give us his", "SVwA4QNheFc-00020-00013622-00014826": "IP address we copy that", "SVwA4QNheFc-00021-00014827-00015582": "and they still to the VNC viewer and", "SVwA4QNheFc-00022-00015583-00016832": "then we connect continuous", "SVwA4QNheFc-00023-00016833-00017697": "we enter the username this is the raw 3", "SVwA4QNheFc-00024-00017698-00017985": "PI user name and roughly by password and", "SVwA4QNheFc-00025-00017986-00018237": "it's translated by default but I", "SVwA4QNheFc-00026-00018238-00018916": "recommend that is changing", "SVwA4QNheFc-00027-00018917-00019422": "and okay where is it connected to our", "SVwA4QNheFc-00028-00019423-00019809": "raffle by using VNC"}}, {"audio_id": "SVD-dSA4Y7o", "text": {"SVD-dSA4Y7o-00000-00000287-00000463": "check the mic and make sure it sound", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00001-00000463-00000807": "right boys", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00002-00000808-00003695": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00003-00003696-00004922": "boys", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00004-00004923-00005759": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00005-00005760-00006097": "sound right boys", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00006-00006098-00006881": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00007-00006883-00007120": "[Applause]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00008-00007122-00010014": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00009-00010015-00010197": "is", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00010-00010198-00017895": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00011-00017896-00019059": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00012-00019060-00020039": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00013-00020040-00020253": "um", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00014-00020254-00022503": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00015-00022504-00022635": "uh", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00016-00022636-00023425": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00017-00023426-00024030": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00018-00024031-00024600": "me", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00019-00024601-00025806": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00020-00025807-00026030": "oh", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00021-00026031-00027095": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00022-00027095-00027652": "all right", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00023-00027652-00030999": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00024-00031000-00032510": "um", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00025-00032511-00034423": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00026-00034424-00034772": "so", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00027-00034773-00037599": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00028-00037600-00038021": "is", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00029-00038022-00044107": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00030-00044108-00045758": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00031-00045759-00045872": "so", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00032-00045873-00047823": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00033-00047824-00047954": "okay", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00034-00047955-00051238": "[Music]", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00035-00051239-00052350": "oh", "SVD-dSA4Y7o-00036-00052351-00052651": "okay"}}, {"audio_id": "SVF9K-OgahU", "text": {"SVF9K-OgahU-00000-00000558-00001439": "[Music]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00001-00001440-00002926": "let's go", "SVF9K-OgahU-00002-00002927-00003039": "round one", "SVF9K-OgahU-00003-00003040-00003367": "beginning ring countdown", "SVF9K-OgahU-00004-00003368-00003599": "next ring is far victory is further", "SVF9K-OgahU-00005-00003600-00003799": "still", "SVF9K-OgahU-00006-00003800-00003935": "someone's here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00007-00003936-00004206": "there's a vault in front of me yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00008-00004207-00004470": "my north the ring is distant 45 seconds", "SVF9K-OgahU-00009-00004471-00004606": "it's a blue shield on your balcony i", "SVF9K-OgahU-00010-00004607-00004719": "think yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00011-00004720-00004927": "upstairs let's make my way up there's", "SVF9K-OgahU-00012-00004928-00005111": "another one someone come grab this other", "SVF9K-OgahU-00013-00005112-00005318": "one too", "SVF9K-OgahU-00014-00005319-00005470": "my guns are [__] i'm just gonna let you", "SVF9K-OgahU-00015-00005471-00005743": "guys i got blue shield over", "SVF9K-OgahU-00016-00005744-00005991": "i here vote spitfire i'm actually kind", "SVF9K-OgahU-00017-00005992-00006127": "of pogba right now", "SVF9K-OgahU-00018-00006128-00006206": "yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00019-00006207-00006414": "they're oh man no that's not i have a", "SVF9K-OgahU-00020-00006415-00006614": "mozam charge so", "SVF9K-OgahU-00021-00006615-00006791": "i'm gonna take this uh repeater there's", "SVF9K-OgahU-00022-00006792-00009919": "a boy right here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00023-00009920-00010127": "he just he's jutting away he's on the", "SVF9K-OgahU-00024-00010128-00010278": "next building", "SVF9K-OgahU-00025-00010279-00010535": "scan if you can", "SVF9K-OgahU-00026-00010536-00010878": "oh my god off the roof", "SVF9K-OgahU-00027-00010879-00011014": "he just stuck me", "SVF9K-OgahU-00028-00011015-00011287": "oh no", "SVF9K-OgahU-00029-00011288-00011535": "i hit him with his own thing", "SVF9K-OgahU-00030-00011536-00011767": "[__] nice i'm thirsty not for an", "SVF9K-OgahU-00031-00011768-00011887": "armstrong", "SVF9K-OgahU-00032-00011888-00012246": "hearthstone", "SVF9K-OgahU-00033-00012247-00012614": "other ones on me too", "SVF9K-OgahU-00034-00012615-00013207": "okay okay thank goodness on the outside", "SVF9K-OgahU-00035-00013208-00013358": "she went up top man", "SVF9K-OgahU-00036-00013359-00013575": "all right", "SVF9K-OgahU-00037-00013576-00013855": "love is dead", "SVF9K-OgahU-00038-00013856-00015471": "i got shield i don't have armor swapped", "SVF9K-OgahU-00039-00015472-00015758": "166", "SVF9K-OgahU-00040-00015759-00015879": "there's gonna be another team get ready", "SVF9K-OgahU-00041-00015880-00016127": "garden", "SVF9K-OgahU-00042-00016128-00016303": "oh wait i think that's a crafter thing i", "SVF9K-OgahU-00043-00016304-00016415": "don't know what's making that noise but", "SVF9K-OgahU-00044-00016416-00016550": "it's freaking me out", "SVF9K-OgahU-00045-00016551-00016750": "stop making that noise", "SVF9K-OgahU-00046-00016751-00017222": "you're scaring me", "SVF9K-OgahU-00047-00017223-00017439": "but they might be coming our way", "SVF9K-OgahU-00048-00017440-00017527": "yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00049-00017528-00017958": "they're here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00050-00017959-00020043": "destroyed 120 on that garage nice", "SVF9K-OgahU-00051-00020044-00020839": "[Music]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00052-00020840-00021056": "i think we traded", "SVF9K-OgahU-00053-00021057-00021767": "[Music]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00054-00021768-00021871": "nice", "SVF9K-OgahU-00055-00021872-00022014": "yeah she just turned away from me i'm", "SVF9K-OgahU-00056-00022015-00022127": "not sure what", "SVF9K-OgahU-00057-00022128-00022822": "i [__] beam the [__] out of that girl", "SVF9K-OgahU-00058-00022823-00022927": "it might be the last guy going for", "SVF9K-OgahU-00059-00022928-00023239": "banners", "SVF9K-OgahU-00060-00023240-00023430": "i'm just throwing canisters", "SVF9K-OgahU-00061-00023431-00024975": "we can we can go we should go circle", "SVF9K-OgahU-00062-00024976-00025119": "i think that last guy is either going to", "SVF9K-OgahU-00063-00025120-00025263": "come behind us or he's going in front of", "SVF9K-OgahU-00064-00025264-00025367": "us", "SVF9K-OgahU-00065-00025368-00025599": "in front of us right now", "SVF9K-OgahU-00066-00025600-00025767": "blue 44", "SVF9K-OgahU-00067-00025768-00026158": "he's just just finished this guy", "SVF9K-OgahU-00068-00026160-00026639": "broken 28.", "SVF9K-OgahU-00069-00026639-00026918": "dude he's so low nice it's a knock", "SVF9K-OgahU-00070-00026919-00027102": "another team come on come on come on go", "SVF9K-OgahU-00071-00027104-00027446": "to smurf", "SVF9K-OgahU-00072-00027447-00027670": "right here octane running", "SVF9K-OgahU-00073-00027672-00027967": "destroyed nice that was the other one", "SVF9K-OgahU-00074-00027968-00028127": "push this push this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00075-00028127-00028311": "just walk it up just walk it out behind", "SVF9K-OgahU-00076-00028312-00028646": "us that's that's that's the guys", "SVF9K-OgahU-00077-00028647-00028774": "i got", "SVF9K-OgahU-00078-00028775-00029014": "pull back pull back", "SVF9K-OgahU-00079-00029016-00029151": "pull back and go right", "SVF9K-OgahU-00080-00029152-00029423": "we can just walk on this walkway", "SVF9K-OgahU-00081-00029424-00029943": "there might be a team", "SVF9K-OgahU-00082-00029944-00030143": "there's the team behind us is going to", "SVF9K-OgahU-00083-00030144-00030335": "come towards us just look are they", "SVF9K-OgahU-00084-00030336-00030479": "pushing they have a minute they're right", "SVF9K-OgahU-00085-00030480-00030614": "here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00086-00030616-00030735": "they're just standing on the swan cove", "SVF9K-OgahU-00087-00030736-00030879": "you might be able to be", "SVF9K-OgahU-00088-00030880-00031111": "look look look at this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00089-00031112-00031311": "come here oh they jumped you guys got", "SVF9K-OgahU-00090-00031312-00031479": "range", "SVF9K-OgahU-00091-00031480-00031639": "wait they jumped off", "SVF9K-OgahU-00092-00031639-00031799": "run runners run this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00093-00031800-00032223": "there's a walkway", "SVF9K-OgahU-00094-00032224-00032351": "yeah i think i think we go right i think", "SVF9K-OgahU-00095-00032352-00032462": "we go right", "SVF9K-OgahU-00096-00032463-00032767": "uh i think", "SVF9K-OgahU-00097-00032768-00032879": "i'm not sure", "SVF9K-OgahU-00098-00032880-00033062": "yeah yeah let's go right let's go right", "SVF9K-OgahU-00099-00033063-00033167": "there's gonna be that team that we", "SVF9K-OgahU-00100-00033168-00033335": "killed first", "SVF9K-OgahU-00101-00033336-00033479": "it should be shambles though that", "SVF9K-OgahU-00102-00033480-00033646": "shouldn't be too too bad", "SVF9K-OgahU-00103-00033647-00033839": "just keep running like no matter what we", "SVF9K-OgahU-00104-00033840-00033983": "can't just like stop and fight someone", "SVF9K-OgahU-00105-00033984-00034199": "right in front of us", "SVF9K-OgahU-00106-00034200-00034567": "destroyed oh my goodness", "SVF9K-OgahU-00107-00034568-00034718": "i just want to finish this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00108-00034719-00035039": "yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00109-00035040-00035190": "thank you let's leave that was the team", "SVF9K-OgahU-00110-00035191-00035407": "that was the team let's go", "SVF9K-OgahU-00111-00035408-00035574": "20 seconds we gotta go now we're", "SVF9K-OgahU-00112-00035575-00035807": "chilling maybe someone to the right nice", "SVF9K-OgahU-00113-00035808-00035999": "you got the other one too very cool that", "SVF9K-OgahU-00114-00036000-00037751": "was a storm probably yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00115-00037752-00037895": "we can just hold the high ground to the", "SVF9K-OgahU-00116-00037896-00038087": "right", "SVF9K-OgahU-00117-00038088-00038335": "they're in front of us yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00118-00038336-00038518": "big fights across one there just keep", "SVF9K-OgahU-00119-00038519-00038767": "going down just keep going down", "SVF9K-OgahU-00120-00038768-00038911": "you get you don't want it if anything we", "SVF9K-OgahU-00121-00038912-00039087": "want to get to this other side", "SVF9K-OgahU-00122-00039088-00039239": "we'll find something here we can scan", "SVF9K-OgahU-00123-00039240-00039895": "there too okay", "SVF9K-OgahU-00124-00039896-00040030": "i just do not want to go to that choke", "SVF9K-OgahU-00125-00040031-00040174": "point again dude", "SVF9K-OgahU-00126-00040175-00040455": "yeah i feel like there's going to be 19", "SVF9K-OgahU-00127-00040456-00040607": "spawning dude one of those guys are", "SVF9K-OgahU-00128-00040608-00040799": "going to come on a storm too honestly", "SVF9K-OgahU-00129-00040800-00040918": "i'll probably have nightmares from that", "SVF9K-OgahU-00130-00040919-00041007": "game", "SVF9K-OgahU-00131-00041008-00041311": "there is a team in front of us", "SVF9K-OgahU-00132-00041312-00041487": "i think we just drop yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00133-00041488-00043487": "just slide down", "SVF9K-OgahU-00134-00043488-00043639": "i don't think that i don't think they", "SVF9K-OgahU-00135-00043640-00043895": "rev all tonight because yes they did oh", "SVF9K-OgahU-00136-00043896-00044190": "they didn't", "SVF9K-OgahU-00137-00044191-00044335": "come back", "SVF9K-OgahU-00138-00044336-00044543": "i'm i'm on bridges", "SVF9K-OgahU-00139-00044544-00044615": "yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00140-00044616-00044790": "yeah we need to just get grab that", "SVF9K-OgahU-00141-00044791-00044911": "building if you can't injure in front of", "SVF9K-OgahU-00142-00044912-00045030": "you", "SVF9K-OgahU-00143-00045031-00045327": "and then we'll move on over here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00144-00045328-00045535": "this team is hello weird bro you guys", "SVF9K-OgahU-00145-00045536-00045630": "are here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00146-00045631-00045758": "take the building", "SVF9K-OgahU-00147-00045759-00045911": "uh energy", "SVF9K-OgahU-00148-00045912-00046102": "what's it what's all that andrew", "SVF9K-OgahU-00149-00046103-00046343": "i got it i got it if we can keep moving", "SVF9K-OgahU-00150-00046344-00046502": "up we just want to go into that and then", "SVF9K-OgahU-00151-00046503-00046774": "we could walk our way in", "SVF9K-OgahU-00152-00046775-00046927": "i think there's a team in there", "SVF9K-OgahU-00153-00046928-00047183": "in that one medical aid", "SVF9K-OgahU-00154-00047184-00047295": "we just don't want this team to get in", "SVF9K-OgahU-00155-00047296-00047415": "front of us", "SVF9K-OgahU-00156-00047416-00047599": "that's like our biggest thing you need a", "SVF9K-OgahU-00157-00047600-00047799": "portal over there just wait one sec one", "SVF9K-OgahU-00158-00047800-00048118": "sec", "SVF9K-OgahU-00159-00048119-00048271": "crafter okay", "SVF9K-OgahU-00160-00048272-00048655": "i think we could just run this no", "SVF9K-OgahU-00161-00048656-00048790": "because we might need a portal to the", "SVF9K-OgahU-00162-00048791-00048974": "next spot if there is a team in this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00163-00048975-00049095": "next one", "SVF9K-OgahU-00164-00049096-00049407": "you're weird you don't hit those two", "SVF9K-OgahU-00165-00049408-00049655": "yellow weirdo", "SVF9K-OgahU-00166-00049656-00049774": "let me humble you real quick keep", "SVF9K-OgahU-00167-00049775-00049990": "shooting", "SVF9K-OgahU-00168-00049991-00050029": "guys", "SVF9K-OgahU-00169-00050030-00050446": "[Music]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00170-00050447-00051095": "black market", "SVF9K-OgahU-00171-00051096-00051270": "that's pretty hard energy", "SVF9K-OgahU-00172-00051271-00051358": "oh", "SVF9K-OgahU-00173-00051359-00051526": "i'm going to the next building i'm", "SVF9K-OgahU-00174-00051527-00051630": "juiced", "SVF9K-OgahU-00175-00051632-00052079": "oh no they took it away this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00176-00052079-00052319": "i'm in the next one we're free", "SVF9K-OgahU-00177-00052320-00052503": "beautiful it's gonna pull spotted though", "SVF9K-OgahU-00178-00052504-00052750": "we uh no i think we stay here we're", "SVF9K-OgahU-00179-00052751-00052942": "gonna want to go to this one man", "SVF9K-OgahU-00180-00052944-00053447": "but i think we stay here for this one", "SVF9K-OgahU-00181-00053448-00053607": "i'm going to trap these back doors so", "SVF9K-OgahU-00182-00053608-00053942": "just be ready they're both blocked", "SVF9K-OgahU-00183-00053944-00054111": "team diving pretty sure there should be", "SVF9K-OgahU-00184-00054112-00054359": "a team behind us there's a team straight", "SVF9K-OgahU-00185-00054360-00054519": "north and that choke in between", "SVF9K-OgahU-00186-00054520-00054663": "artillery", "SVF9K-OgahU-00187-00054664-00054911": "and containment", "SVF9K-OgahU-00188-00054912-00055030": "he's coming down", "SVF9K-OgahU-00189-00055032-00055142": "like right here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00190-00055144-00055599": "over there", "SVF9K-OgahU-00191-00055600-00055766": "86 headshots", "SVF9K-OgahU-00192-00055767-00055959": "broken", "SVF9K-OgahU-00193-00055960-00056079": "45", "SVF9K-OgahU-00194-00056079-00056911": "i", "SVF9K-OgahU-00195-00056912-00057103": "[Music]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00196-00057104-00057430": "i did 14 damage that was all you guys", "SVF9K-OgahU-00197-00057432-00057599": "i literally hit him with one bullet he", "SVF9K-OgahU-00198-00057600-00057726": "died", "SVF9K-OgahU-00199-00057727-00058023": "him as he's sliding go crazy that guy's", "SVF9K-OgahU-00200-00058024-00058519": "i got it", "SVF9K-OgahU-00201-00058520-00058935": "you guys are not see that's so funny", "SVF9K-OgahU-00202-00058936-00059263": "that guy's so upset dude oh my goodness", "SVF9K-OgahU-00203-00059264-00059550": "good shots dude holy [__]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00204-00059551-00059823": "i have one bat uh success i got six", "SVF9K-OgahU-00205-00059824-00060047": "badges one bad 11 cells you have six", "SVF9K-OgahU-00206-00060048-00060230": "bats yo", "SVF9K-OgahU-00207-00060232-00061591": "i don't want something", "SVF9K-OgahU-00208-00061591-00061775": "i think that's like river or something", "SVF9K-OgahU-00209-00061776-00062047": "yeah river it was right there", "SVF9K-OgahU-00210-00062048-00062430": "over there", "SVF9K-OgahU-00211-00062432-00062535": "no", "SVF9K-OgahU-00212-00062536-00062742": "we have god spot low-key", "SVF9K-OgahU-00213-00062744-00062919": "we don't even need to push anybody yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00214-00062920-00063023": "yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00215-00063024-00063142": "we gotta we gotta watch for the scene", "SVF9K-OgahU-00216-00063144-00063375": "behind us or they went around", "SVF9K-OgahU-00217-00063376-00063566": "right now", "SVF9K-OgahU-00218-00063567-00063775": "i don't have any beats back here no beat", "SVF9K-OgahU-00219-00063776-00063942": "oh okay", "SVF9K-OgahU-00220-00063944-00064103": "we have such a good spot", "SVF9K-OgahU-00221-00064104-00064335": "they all went to spotted yeah we were", "SVF9K-OgahU-00222-00064336-00064575": "free back here yeah yeah we just slow", "SVF9K-OgahU-00223-00064576-00064735": "walk this next one", "SVF9K-OgahU-00224-00064736-00064935": "or we go push for that building i guess", "SVF9K-OgahU-00225-00064936-00065063": "do you remember that game with chase and", "SVF9K-OgahU-00226-00065064-00065199": "i wear it yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00227-00065200-00065430": "100 that's where that is that a thousand", "SVF9K-OgahU-00228-00065432-00065526": "percent", "SVF9K-OgahU-00229-00065527-00065767": "i said we i said we wait honestly yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00230-00065768-00065919": "if anything this next circle we're going", "SVF9K-OgahU-00231-00065920-00066031": "to go fight for that building with", "SVF9K-OgahU-00232-00066032-00066182": "consequence okay", "SVF9K-OgahU-00233-00066183-00066391": "yeah that will probably be the the move", "SVF9K-OgahU-00234-00066392-00066550": "but right now you're just if it's like", "SVF9K-OgahU-00235-00066551-00066687": "the last", "SVF9K-OgahU-00236-00066688-00066903": "like threes three squads i think yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00237-00066904-00067111": "definitely because", "SVF9K-OgahU-00238-00067112-00069726": "wait we should get that guys", "SVF9K-OgahU-00239-00069727-00070303": "the result", "SVF9K-OgahU-00240-00070304-00070494": "i'm staying right here it's you guys", "SVF9K-OgahU-00241-00070495-00070663": "it's you guys yeah that was the last one", "SVF9K-OgahU-00242-00070664-00070806": "i'm just gonna keep looking", "SVF9K-OgahU-00243-00070807-00071402": "ten seconds remain anything good strikes", "SVF9K-OgahU-00244-00071403-00071543": "[Music]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00245-00071544-00071815": "i got yeah over good scans", "SVF9K-OgahU-00246-00071816-00072087": "yeah that was hot", "SVF9K-OgahU-00247-00072088-00072247": "okay now we just slow walk this if", "SVF9K-OgahU-00248-00072248-00072494": "anything we just stay on this side yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00249-00072495-00072647": "we really don't need to go", "SVF9K-OgahU-00250-00072648-00072726": "but", "SVF9K-OgahU-00251-00072727-00073023": "yeah yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00252-00073024-00074255": "[Music]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00253-00074256-00074455": "30 30 this guy yo yo come look at this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00254-00074456-00074743": "ah they saw me uh", "SVF9K-OgahU-00255-00074744-00074999": "yeah i'm coming back", "SVF9K-OgahU-00256-00075000-00075143": "that might be free damage right there", "SVF9K-OgahU-00257-00075144-00075294": "though", "SVF9K-OgahU-00258-00075295-00075487": "i'm just gonna sell them", "SVF9K-OgahU-00259-00075488-00078482": "48 purple", "SVF9K-OgahU-00260-00078483-00078782": "14 inside inside", "SVF9K-OgahU-00261-00078783-00078959": "i'm molting it multi in there", "SVF9K-OgahU-00262-00078960-00079326": "i altered it i'm making this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00263-00079327-00079599": "valve", "SVF9K-OgahU-00264-00079600-00079775": "broken on both of them", "SVF9K-OgahU-00265-00079776-00080055": "both flesh on this doorway", "SVF9K-OgahU-00266-00080056-00080191": "just stay the door stay inside stay", "SVF9K-OgahU-00267-00080192-00080431": "inside", "SVF9K-OgahU-00268-00080432-00080679": "i got the thirst", "SVF9K-OgahU-00269-00080680-00080862": "just come back inside up here up here up", "SVF9K-OgahU-00270-00080863-00081038": "here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00271-00081039-00081167": "nate on the inside be careful they're", "SVF9K-OgahU-00272-00081168-00082567": "needing this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00273-00082568-00082726": "it's you guys just finish him real quick", "SVF9K-OgahU-00274-00082727-00082871": "i'm staying in this building 30 seconds", "SVF9K-OgahU-00275-00082872-00083006": "remaining oh there's two teams are in", "SVF9K-OgahU-00276-00083007-00083103": "front of us", "SVF9K-OgahU-00277-00083104-00083271": "come play with me come play with me", "SVF9K-OgahU-00278-00083272-00083423": "we just hold this building", "SVF9K-OgahU-00279-00083424-00084223": "outside outside", "SVF9K-OgahU-00280-00084224-00084367": "just stay up just stay up no matter what", "SVF9K-OgahU-00281-00084368-00084511": "i got a ton of bats ton of bats what do", "SVF9K-OgahU-00282-00084512-00084903": "you guys need we got four", "SVF9K-OgahU-00283-00084904-00085079": "come back inside come back inside we", "SVF9K-OgahU-00284-00085080-00085287": "have god spot over here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00285-00085288-00085438": "they're fighting below right here you", "SVF9K-OgahU-00286-00085439-00085647": "guys get free shots i think look at this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00287-00085648-00085999": "look at this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00288-00086000-00086279": "flush on the valk over here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00289-00086280-00086503": "on that corner", "SVF9K-OgahU-00290-00086504-00086735": "the valk is literally one", "SVF9K-OgahU-00291-00086736-00086879": "she's literally one bullet i'm throwing", "SVF9K-OgahU-00292-00086880-00087103": "down there i got a need right on that", "SVF9K-OgahU-00293-00087104-00087382": "edge", "SVF9K-OgahU-00294-00087383-00087550": "stay together stay together there's", "SVF9K-OgahU-00295-00087551-00087703": "people down over here come high ground", "SVF9K-OgahU-00296-00087704-00087838": "come high around", "SVF9K-OgahU-00297-00087839-00087999": "i'll just finish if you can't finish if", "SVF9K-OgahU-00298-00088000-00088103": "you can yeah yeah", "SVF9K-OgahU-00299-00088104-00088279": "nice nice nice", "SVF9K-OgahU-00300-00088280-00088455": "i'm staring at the doorway underneath", "SVF9K-OgahU-00301-00088456-00088591": "going back up we have best part we have", "SVF9K-OgahU-00302-00088592-00088775": "password one of these teams is [__]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00303-00088776-00089023": "shambles i'm thirsting your kill", "SVF9K-OgahU-00304-00089024-00089247": "here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00305-00089248-00089406": "70 red right there we stay high we stay", "SVF9K-OgahU-00306-00089407-00089582": "here we stay high", "SVF9K-OgahU-00307-00089583-00089735": "we have god spot we have gone spot", "SVF9K-OgahU-00308-00089736-00089903": "myself they should be shameless right", "SVF9K-OgahU-00309-00089904-00090006": "now", "SVF9K-OgahU-00310-00090007-00090255": "they're on this on the left", "SVF9K-OgahU-00311-00090256-00090431": "i have six bats still you guys need bats", "SVF9K-OgahU-00312-00090432-00090606": "or anything just full reset", "SVF9K-OgahU-00313-00090607-00090750": "what do you guys need anything still two", "SVF9K-OgahU-00314-00090751-00091031": "teams", "SVF9K-OgahU-00315-00091032-00091318": "earning right there", "SVF9K-OgahU-00316-00091319-00091559": "can you scan right here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00317-00091560-00091679": "anybody yeah there's someone right there", "SVF9K-OgahU-00318-00091680-00091855": "yeah yeah okay it's that solo it's the", "SVF9K-OgahU-00319-00091856-00092391": "solo sear he's just chilling on this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00320-00092392-00092482": "it's", "SVF9K-OgahU-00321-00092483-00092894": "about box up her eyes up", "SVF9K-OgahU-00322-00092895-00093287": "she's fried 56. we got to finish this", "SVF9K-OgahU-00323-00093288-00093559": "dead", "SVF9K-OgahU-00324-00093560-00093735": "i'm using a bat i'm using a bat", "SVF9K-OgahU-00325-00093736-00093879": "good old get off", "SVF9K-OgahU-00326-00093880-00094318": "we see him we see both i'm resetting", "SVF9K-OgahU-00327-00094319-00094679": "33 on that guy i'm halting him", "SVF9K-OgahU-00328-00094680-00095047": "this guy's [__] right here", "SVF9K-OgahU-00329-00095048-00095391": "i'm throwing a nine flush good job guys", "SVF9K-OgahU-00330-00095392-00095591": "let's go", "SVF9K-OgahU-00331-00095592-00095711": "let's go", "SVF9K-OgahU-00332-00095712-00096062": "god that felt good", "SVF9K-OgahU-00333-00096063-00096231": "let's go", "SVF9K-OgahU-00334-00096232-00096350": "easy", "SVF9K-OgahU-00335-00096351-00096559": "nice dude", "SVF9K-OgahU-00336-00096560-00096815": "that was a [__] intense one dude holy", "SVF9K-OgahU-00337-00096816-00097206": "[__]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00338-00097207-00097415": "let's get it came out of the boys let's", "SVF9K-OgahU-00339-00097416-00097494": "go", "SVF9K-OgahU-00340-00097495-00097735": "holy [__] that's a lot of rp right there", "SVF9K-OgahU-00341-00097736-00097943": "dude", "SVF9K-OgahU-00342-00097944-00098167": "god damn let's go boys i've never seen", "SVF9K-OgahU-00343-00098168-00098543": "it easier we never got one oh baby", "SVF9K-OgahU-00344-00098544-00098735": "literally every time i have a 30 30 and", "SVF9K-OgahU-00345-00098736-00098894": "smg we win", "SVF9K-OgahU-00346-00098895-00099047": "i don't know why like i don't just use", "SVF9K-OgahU-00347-00099048-00099150": "that every time", "SVF9K-OgahU-00348-00099151-00099294": "i'm so sad", "SVF9K-OgahU-00349-00099295-00099435": "i just got", "SVF9K-OgahU-00350-00099436-00099815": "616. i just got 738", "SVF9K-OgahU-00351-00099816-00100015": "oh my god", "SVF9K-OgahU-00352-00100016-00100318": "what the [__]", "SVF9K-OgahU-00353-00100319-00100638": "jesus christ", "SVF9K-OgahU-00354-00100639-00100847": "i've never seen that big of a number oh", "SVF9K-OgahU-00355-00100848-00101113": "my lord", "SVF9K-OgahU-00356-00101114-00102226": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "SVX2TIEfyNI", "text": {"SVX2TIEfyNI-00000-00000637-00000944": "Hemmingway house yes", "SVX2TIEfyNI-00001-00000944-00001829": "[Music]", "SVX2TIEfyNI-00002-00001830-00002235": "right side okay", "SVX2TIEfyNI-00003-00002236-00002645": "[Music]", "SVX2TIEfyNI-00004-00002646-00003604": "right really house", "SVX2TIEfyNI-00005-00003604-00003833": "yeah so this is the neighborhood that", "SVX2TIEfyNI-00006-00003834-00004202": "Fidel Castro lived in a little fun", "SVX2TIEfyNI-00007-00004203-00004482": "over here to there"}}, {"audio_id": "SWgkB2VsYkM", "text": {"SWgkB2VsYkM-00000-00000000-00000359": "moving to the condolence motion", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00001-00000360-00000686": "i think i start first senator one", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00002-00000687-00000927": "thank you", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00003-00000927-00001166": "it is with deep regret that i inform the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00004-00001167-00001374": "senate of the death on the 30th of march", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00005-00001375-00001679": "2022 of the honourable robert james in", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00006-00001680-00001975": "brackets bob brown am a former minister", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00007-00001976-00002087": "and a member of the house of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00008-00002088-00002279": "representative for the divisions of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00009-00002280-00002495": "hunter and charlton new south wales from", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00010-00002496-00002839": "1980 to 1998. i call the leader of the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00011-00002840-00003158": "government in the senate senator wong", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00012-00003159-00003431": "thank you president and i seek leave to", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00013-00003432-00003622": "move a motion relating to the death of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00014-00003623-00003759": "former minister and member of the house", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00015-00003760-00003911": "of representatives the honourable", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00016-00003911-00004222": "honorable robert james bob brown am", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00017-00004223-00004391": "is lee granted there being no objection", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00018-00004392-00004631": "needs granted i thank the senate and i", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00019-00004632-00004895": "move that the senate records its sorrow", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00020-00004896-00005199": "at the death on 30th march 2022 of the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00021-00005200-00005447": "honorable robert james brown am", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00022-00005448-00005638": "former minister for land transport and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00023-00005639-00005886": "shipping support and former member for", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00024-00005887-00006047": "hunter and charlton", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00025-00006048-00006302": "and places on record its appreciation of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00026-00006303-00006478": "his service to the parliament and the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00027-00006479-00006742": "nation and tenders its sympathy to his", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00028-00006743-00007463": "family in their bereavement", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00029-00007464-00007614": "uh president", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00030-00007615-00007870": "fellow senators i i rise to express", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00031-00007872-00008046": "condolences on behalf of the labour", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00032-00008047-00008191": "government following the passing of a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00033-00008192-00008327": "labour comrade", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00034-00008328-00008503": "the honourable robert james brown am", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00035-00008504-00008703": "better known as bob brown", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00036-00008704-00008846": "former minister and member of the house", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00037-00008847-00009087": "of representatives at the age of 88 and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00038-00009088-00009319": "i wish to convey at the outset", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00039-00009320-00009527": "our collective deeper sympathies to his", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00040-00009528-00009751": "family and his friends", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00041-00009752-00009927": "bob brown was an economics teacher who", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00042-00009928-00010135": "would go on to be part of a government", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00043-00010136-00010327": "that is at that ease defined by the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00044-00010328-00010503": "reforms it made to the australian", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00045-00010504-00010606": "economy", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00046-00010607-00010838": "a true labour man from the hunter he", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00047-00010839-00011095": "served in all three levels of government", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00048-00011096-00011310": "at its pinnacle his career took him into", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00049-00011311-00011503": "ministerial service under two prime", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00050-00011504-00011678": "ministers", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00051-00011679-00011951": "bob brown grew up in the hunter", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00052-00011952-00012183": "it was where he would spend most of his", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00053-00012184-00012438": "life and it was the area and community", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00054-00012439-00012719": "he would go on to represent", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00055-00012720-00012958": "his is a quintessential labor background", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00056-00012959-00013175": "mother from a mining family his dad", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00057-00013176-00013351": "drove a coal truck", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00058-00013352-00013519": "and he took up a teaching position at", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00059-00013519-00013863": "curry curry in 1966 and served in local", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00060-00013863-00014103": "government from 1968 to 1980 in the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00061-00014104-00014343": "great city of greater cessnock as mayor", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00062-00014344-00014471": "and alderman", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00063-00014472-00014735": "and for a time he concurrently served as", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00064-00014736-00014975": "the local state member of the parliament", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00065-00014976-00015175": "in the new south wales legislative", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00066-00015176-00015294": "assembly", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00067-00015295-00015550": "but the call to canberra would come just", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00068-00015551-00015766": "two years later", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00069-00015768-00016103": "until the election of mr dan ripacholi", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00070-00016104-00016286": "just a few months ago", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00071-00016287-00016439": "bob brown was the last person to", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00072-00016440-00016583": "represent the federal electorate of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00073-00016584-00016830": "hunter who was not a fitzgibbon", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00074-00016831-00017175": "he won in 1980 was returned in 1983 and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00075-00017176-00017422": "boundary changes meant he transferred to", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00076-00017423-00017583": "the seat of charlton and was elected", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00077-00017584-00017958": "seven times before retiring at the 1998", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00078-00017959-00018071": "election", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00079-00018072-00018247": "he would in fact be succeeded by his", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00080-00018248-00018471": "daughter in that seat", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00081-00018472-00018671": "bob brown was a powerful voice for a key", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00082-00018672-00018943": "constituency that was at the coal face", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00083-00018944-00019286": "quite literally of economic change", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00084-00019287-00019471": "for anyone who thinks commentary about", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00085-00019472-00019655": "changing economic circumstances and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00086-00019656-00019847": "voting habits in the hunter is only a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00087-00019848-00020094": "recent turn of events it pays to look at", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00088-00020095-00020271": "this history", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00089-00020272-00020471": "bob brown had the task of representing", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00090-00020472-00020678": "an electorate that was grappling then", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00091-00020679-00020855": "with changes in the economy that saw", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00092-00020856-00021022": "communities facing higher than average", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00093-00021023-00021239": "unemployment as coal mines closed and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00094-00021240-00021486": "other industries were under threat", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00095-00021487-00021671": "he had to grapple with the impact of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00096-00021672-00021799": "change", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00097-00021800-00021886": "and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00098-00021887-00022078": "attempt to explain its economic", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00099-00022079-00022291": "imperative in the face of political", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00100-00022292-00022599": "disenfranchisement and disenchantment", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00101-00022600-00022814": "he described it as and i quote", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00102-00022815-00023071": "resentment frustration", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00103-00023072-00023207": "alienation", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00104-00023208-00023486": "disillusion a mix of everything people", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00105-00023487-00023942": "don't comprehend really what's happening", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00106-00023943-00024214": "i draw upon these comments to illustrate", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00107-00024215-00024422": "the challenges and responsibilities that", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00108-00024423-00024663": "fall to local parliamentarians", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00109-00024664-00024886": "in those communities in electorates", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00110-00024887-00025158": "where heavy industry has dominated and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00111-00025159-00025383": "where structural economic change is", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00112-00025384-00025655": "changing people's opportunities", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00113-00025656-00025790": "it is easy", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00114-00025791-00026039": "for politicians who don't represent such", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00115-00026039-00026311": "electorates to be blithe about change", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00116-00026312-00026518": "but we all have a role in helping", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00117-00026519-00026727": "australians", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00118-00026727-00026918": "across this country", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00119-00026919-00027111": "dealing with shifting economic", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00120-00027112-00027343": "conditions", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00121-00027344-00027558": "bob brown's voice rose to a more senior", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00122-00027560-00027790": "level in 1988 when he was appointed a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00123-00027791-00027951": "minister for the first time with", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00124-00027952-00028158": "responsibility for land transport and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00125-00028160-00028302": "shipping", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00126-00028304-00028518": "at the time key participants in the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00127-00028519-00028758": "transport economy such as the australian", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00128-00028760-00029055": "national line or a l in shipping and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00129-00029056-00029295": "australian national in rail were still", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00130-00029295-00029470": "wholly government owned", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00131-00029472-00029670": "and gate that which gave the minister a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00132-00029672-00029846": "much more direct involvement than that", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00133-00029847-00030039": "which we see today", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00134-00030039-00030239": "his contribution was recognized with the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00135-00030239-00030462": "leader of the el class of locomotive", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00136-00030463-00030711": "built for australian national in 1990", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00137-00030712-00030935": "being named after him", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00138-00030936-00031127": "these portfolios gave him a role in", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00139-00031127-00031223": "furthering the government's", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00140-00031224-00031446": "microeconomic reform agenda", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00141-00031447-00031639": "this included initiatives to codify", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00142-00031639-00031807": "uniform road transport regulations", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00143-00031808-00032023": "across the country bringing states and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00144-00032024-00032174": "territories together to streamline", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00145-00032175-00032343": "technical requirements that relieve the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00146-00032344-00032495": "trucking industry of the burden of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00147-00032495-00032639": "different standards in different parts", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00148-00032639-00032799": "of the country", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00149-00032800-00032990": "initiatives in this space included", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00150-00032991-00033135": "measures that we all now take for", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00151-00033136-00033415": "granted such as the 0.05 blood alcohol", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00152-00033416-00033655": "limits and the compulsory bicycle helmet", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00153-00033656-00033831": "wearing", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00154-00033832-00034079": "following the 1993 election bob brown", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00155-00034080-00034239": "advised that he would step aside from", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00156-00034240-00034399": "the ministry in order to provide for", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00157-00034400-00034574": "renewal", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00158-00034575-00034735": "however after the change of government", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00159-00034736-00034999": "in 1996 he assailed the howard", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00160-00035000-00035215": "government's anti-worker and anti-union", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00161-00035216-00035335": "agenda", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00162-00035336-00035527": "so much so often the hallmark of the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00163-00035528-00035790": "federal coalition", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00164-00035791-00036030": "after after politics bob brown continued", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00165-00036031-00036262": "to be active in his local community with", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00166-00036263-00036446": "involvement including the local lions", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00167-00036447-00036607": "and rugby league clubs as well as a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00168-00036608-00036790": "community museum", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00169-00036791-00036990": "he published a three volume series about", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00170-00036991-00037174": "the first 100 years of australia's", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00171-00037175-00037407": "federal parliament in 2007 called", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00172-00037408-00037574": "governing australia", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00173-00037575-00037839": "and that year he was also made a member", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00174-00037840-00038118": "of the order of australia", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00175-00038119-00038335": "bob brown gave a lifetime of service to", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00176-00038336-00038615": "the advancement of labor's cause", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00177-00038616-00038887": "and the cause of democracy", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00178-00038888-00039062": "he ensured that the working people of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00179-00039063-00039283": "the hunter had a voice in the halls of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00180-00039284-00039583": "power and he did not waver from his", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00181-00039584-00039790": "cause", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00182-00039791-00040007": "as his son brad was quoted in the eulogy", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00183-00040008-00040302": "he delivered for his father", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00184-00040303-00040527": "he always related to the working class", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00185-00040528-00040735": "identified with it and defended it and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00186-00040736-00040958": "the trade union union movement", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00187-00040959-00041158": "to have represented coal miners and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00188-00041159-00041327": "their families at three levels of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00189-00041328-00041479": "government was a source of great", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00190-00041480-00041679": "satisfaction to him", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00191-00041680-00041943": "so i close by saying on behalf of the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00192-00041944-00042127": "government we again express our", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00193-00042128-00042367": "condolences following the passing of the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00194-00042368-00042535": "honorable bob brown", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00195-00042536-00042758": "and we again convey our sympathies to", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00196-00042759-00042974": "his family and friends thank you", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00197-00042975-00043215": "minister senator birmingham", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00198-00043216-00043367": "thank you and thank you president and i", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00199-00043368-00043639": "rise on behalf of the opposition to", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00200-00043640-00043846": "support the condolence motion moved by", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00201-00043847-00044127": "senator wong and to associate ourselves", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00202-00044128-00044318": "with the sentiments of senator wong in", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00203-00044319-00044574": "relation to this motion", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00204-00044575-00044879": "robert bob brown was clearly devoted to", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00205-00044880-00045102": "the service of his community", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00206-00045103-00045262": "and bob served the people of his", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00207-00045263-00045511": "hometown of pelhamine just a few", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00208-00045512-00045758": "kilometers outside of curry curry", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00209-00045759-00045911": "not only as a member of the federal", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00210-00045912-00046087": "parliament but as senator wong has", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00211-00046088-00046287": "acknowledged also in the new south wales", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00212-00046288-00046583": "parliament and in local government", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00213-00046584-00046735": "much of bob's service through local", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00214-00046736-00046918": "government was concurrent with his", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00215-00046919-00047071": "service in the new south wales state", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00216-00047072-00047302": "parliament including terms as the mayor", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00217-00047303-00047471": "of cessnock", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00218-00047472-00047623": "beginning his professional life as a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00219-00047624-00047830": "teacher having won a scholarship to the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00220-00047831-00047999": "university of sydney where he completed", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00221-00048000-00048174": "a bachelor of economics and diploma of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00222-00048175-00048295": "education", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00223-00048296-00048479": "he first took up a teaching post in", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00224-00048480-00048615": "broken hill", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00225-00048616-00048815": "it was there in broken hill that bob met", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00226-00048816-00049167": "his wife joy whom he married in 1960 and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00227-00049168-00049367": "who pre-deceased him by just under a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00228-00049368-00049607": "year in may of last year", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00229-00049608-00049871": "for bob's family the loss of bob on 30", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00230-00049872-00050055": "march this year so soon after the loss", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00231-00050056-00050383": "of joy is no doubt deeply felt", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00232-00050384-00050735": "in 1966 after other teaching roles bob", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00233-00050736-00050951": "returned to his hometown to take up a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00234-00050952-00051151": "teaching position at curry curry high", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00235-00051152-00051238": "school", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00236-00051239-00051463": "later becoming deputy principal", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00237-00051464-00051694": "it was here that bob focused his passion", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00238-00051695-00051846": "for history", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00239-00051847-00052023": "he founded a memorial museum at the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00240-00052024-00052190": "school in order to preserve the region's", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00241-00052191-00052294": "heritage", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00242-00052295-00052566": "only last year the museum relocated and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00243-00052567-00052799": "a room was named in his honor bob was", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00244-00052800-00052999": "there to receive that honor", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00245-00053000-00053166": "history was certainly an important part", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00246-00053167-00053303": "of bob's life", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00247-00053304-00053654": "in 2007 into his seventies he published", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00248-00053655-00053894": "governing australia a three volume", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00249-00053895-00054087": "series about the first 100 years of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00250-00054088-00054247": "australia's parliament", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00251-00054248-00054407": "he also wrote a number of economic", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00252-00054408-00054654": "textbooks including some co-authored", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00253-00054655-00054935": "with joy he was soon after returning", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00254-00054936-00055094": "home to curry curry that the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00255-00055095-00055319": "determination to serve his community", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00256-00055320-00055454": "came to the fore", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00257-00055455-00055638": "although it's clear it had always been a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00258-00055639-00055799": "burning passion", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00259-00055800-00056087": "in 1961 he unsuccessfully ran for the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00260-00056088-00056294": "then safe federal liberal seat of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00261-00056295-00056423": "paterson", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00262-00056424-00056623": "although he didn't win up against a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00263-00056624-00056815": "sitting member and menzies government", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00264-00056816-00057079": "minister he did secure a significant six", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00265-00057079-00057287": "and a half percent swing", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00266-00057288-00057430": "bob then won election to cessnock", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00267-00057432-00057647": "council in 1968 where he served as mayor", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00268-00057648-00057871": "for his first two years on the council", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00269-00057872-00058207": "and again between 1974 and 1980", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00270-00058208-00058415": "this was concurrent with his period as", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00271-00058416-00058623": "the state member for cessnock a seat he", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00272-00058624-00058799": "held in the new south wales legislative", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00273-00058800-00059047": "legislative assembly for two years bob's", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00274-00059048-00059199": "drive to represent his local community", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00275-00059200-00059335": "in the federal parliament saw him win", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00276-00059336-00059647": "the seat of hunter in 1980 later the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00277-00059648-00059863": "newly formed seat of charlton a city", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00278-00059864-00060175": "held until his retirement at the 1998", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00279-00060176-00060359": "election", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00280-00060360-00060503": "bob brown had", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00281-00060504-00060791": "a very long career of public service and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00282-00060791-00060991": "a long and significant parliamentary", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00283-00060991-00061247": "career in this play in this parliament", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00284-00061248-00061494": "which included serving as a minister", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00285-00061495-00061671": "primarily in the hawke government as", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00286-00061672-00061966": "minister for land transport between 1988", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00287-00061967-00062142": "and 1993.", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00288-00062144-00062294": "his passion for his community was", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00289-00062295-00062463": "reflected in his dedication to his role", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00290-00062464-00062654": "as a minister where he championed and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00291-00062655-00062887": "indeed achieved important steps in", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00292-00062888-00063047": "achieving uniform road transport", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00293-00063048-00063238": "regulations of australia's trucking", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00294-00063239-00063463": "industry as senator wong has mentioned", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00295-00063464-00063638": "he was also a champion of random breath", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00296-00063639-00063838": "testing encouraging states that were", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00297-00063839-00064087": "slow to finally introduce this important", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00298-00064088-00064279": "road safety initiative", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00299-00064279-00064535": "that rbts have saved so many lives", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00300-00064536-00064775": "cannot be doubted and bob brown can take", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00301-00064776-00065094": "some credit for that important outcome", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00302-00065095-00065247": "but it was certainly the passion for his", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00303-00065248-00065463": "hometown and local area that was bob's", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00304-00065464-00065623": "driving force", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00305-00065624-00065838": "the support for his local communities", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00306-00065839-00066023": "the industries and jobs of his local", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00307-00066024-00066247": "communities and his understanding as", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00308-00066248-00066447": "senator wong referenced of the impacts", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00309-00066448-00066671": "of economic transformation on those", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00310-00066672-00066871": "industries and jobs", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00311-00066872-00067135": "he also engaged very significantly at a", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00312-00067136-00067319": "local level he was president of the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00313-00067320-00067526": "curry curry lions club and the curry", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00314-00067527-00067694": "curry rugby league club", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00315-00067695-00067935": "in 2007 he was so his service was", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00316-00067936-00068143": "recognised when he was named a member of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00317-00068144-00068326": "the order of australia in the queen's", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00318-00068327-00068479": "birthday honours", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00319-00068480-00068647": "the citation for this owner notes his", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00320-00068648-00068791": "service to the australian parliament", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00321-00068792-00068943": "particularly in the area of transport", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00322-00068944-00069143": "policy to the community of the hunter", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00323-00069144-00069335": "region through local government heritage", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00324-00069336-00069550": "and sporting organisations and to", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00325-00069551-00069791": "economics and education it is a broad", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00326-00069792-00070150": "citation reflecting his broad endeavors", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00327-00070151-00070303": "and of course it should be noted that mr", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00328-00070304-00070463": "brown's passion for community service", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00329-00070464-00070703": "was reflected in his family his daughter", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00330-00070704-00070926": "kelly having succeeded him as the member", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00331-00070927-00071343": "for charlton in 1998 until 2007 and", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00332-00071344-00071526": "kelly would be known to a number across", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00333-00071527-00071662": "this parliament", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00334-00071663-00071862": "on behalf of the opposition", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00335-00071863-00072023": "and in concurrence with the government", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00336-00072024-00072150": "the senate", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00337-00072151-00072375": "to bob's loved ones including kelly her", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00338-00072376-00072615": "brother brad and bob and joy's five", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00339-00072616-00072735": "grandchildren and two", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00340-00072736-00072943": "great-grandchildren i extend our", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00341-00072944-00073103": "gratitude for his service to our", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00342-00073104-00073311": "thankful nation and our sincerest", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00343-00073312-00073438": "condolences", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00344-00073439-00073967": "thank you senator birmingham", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00345-00073968-00074199": "i ask senators to join in a moment of", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00346-00074200-00074406": "silence to signify their ascent to the", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00347-00074407-00075367": "motion", "SWgkB2VsYkM-00348-00075368-00075704": "the motion is carried"}}, {"audio_id": "SWqRYGFllLo", "text": {"SWqRYGFllLo-00000-00000000-00000642": "[Music]", "SWqRYGFllLo-00001-00000643-00001103": "[Music]", "SWqRYGFllLo-00002-00001104-00001347": "hello and welcome to the episode", "SWqRYGFllLo-00003-00001348-00001751": "256 so what a fob day i am your host", "SWqRYGFllLo-00004-00001752-00001902": "simon mas", "SWqRYGFllLo-00005-00001903-00002231": "today's show focuses on many live events", "SWqRYGFllLo-00006-00002232-00002710": "a birth and further work on glass onion", "SWqRYGFllLo-00007-00002711-00003055": "on the 13th of september 1960 the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00008-00003056-00003295": "beatles in their quintet lineup with", "SWqRYGFllLo-00009-00003296-00003519": "pete baston drums and stu su cliff on", "SWqRYGFllLo-00010-00003520-00003806": "bass performed at the indra club in", "SWqRYGFllLo-00011-00003807-00004103": "hamburg west germany for their ongoing", "SWqRYGFllLo-00012-00004104-00004406": "residency in town", "SWqRYGFllLo-00013-00004407-00004759": "one year later in 1961 the beatles had", "SWqRYGFllLo-00014-00004760-00005022": "become acquainted with paul mccartney on", "SWqRYGFllLo-00015-00005023-00005127": "base", "SWqRYGFllLo-00016-00005128-00005367": "on this date they performed another", "SWqRYGFllLo-00017-00005368-00005591": "double gig at the cavern club in", "SWqRYGFllLo-00018-00005592-00005711": "liverpool", "SWqRYGFllLo-00019-00005712-00005951": "one for the lunch time their 50th", "SWqRYGFllLo-00020-00005952-00006199": "performance at the cover and one in the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00021-00006200-00006399": "evening", "SWqRYGFllLo-00022-00006400-00006678": "another lunchtime show at the cover in", "SWqRYGFllLo-00023-00006679-00006887": "1962", "SWqRYGFllLo-00024-00006888-00007214": "after the two-hour concert the band now", "SWqRYGFllLo-00025-00007215-00007455": "featuring ringo starr on drums had a", "SWqRYGFllLo-00026-00007456-00007734": "brief trip to get the chester for their", "SWqRYGFllLo-00027-00007736-00008014": "fourth and final engagement at the river", "SWqRYGFllLo-00028-00008015-00008314": "park ballroom", "SWqRYGFllLo-00029-00008315-00008671": "1963 the beatles played a public hole in", "SWqRYGFllLo-00030-00008672-00008942": "preston after the show paul mccartney", "SWqRYGFllLo-00031-00008943-00009278": "drove 25 miles about 40 kilometers to", "SWqRYGFllLo-00032-00009279-00009519": "appear as one of the judges of the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00033-00009520-00009935": "imperial miss 1963 contest in nelson", "SWqRYGFllLo-00034-00009936-00010206": "part of an annual event sponsored by a", "SWqRYGFllLo-00035-00010207-00010478": "local newspaper", "SWqRYGFllLo-00036-00010479-00010774": "and we get the final beatles performance", "SWqRYGFllLo-00037-00010775-00011063": "of the show in 1964.", "SWqRYGFllLo-00038-00011064-00011278": "the beatles played two shows at the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00039-00011279-00011567": "civic center in baltimore maryland for", "SWqRYGFllLo-00040-00011568-00011855": "their first north american tour with a", "SWqRYGFllLo-00041-00011856-00012238": "total of 28 000 people in attendance", "SWqRYGFllLo-00042-00012239-00012446": "the date was memorable because two", "SWqRYGFllLo-00043-00012447-00012751": "female fans tried to get themselves", "SWqRYGFllLo-00044-00012752-00013030": "delivered to the civic center in a large", "SWqRYGFllLo-00045-00013031-00013407": "box labelled beatles fan mail", "SWqRYGFllLo-00046-00013408-00013838": "but the security thwarted their plans", "SWqRYGFllLo-00047-00013840-00014215": "in 1965 ringostar and his wife marine", "SWqRYGFllLo-00048-00014216-00014343": "had a son", "SWqRYGFllLo-00049-00014344-00014438": "zack", "SWqRYGFllLo-00050-00014440-00014735": "zuck starkey went on to follow his", "SWqRYGFllLo-00051-00014736-00015030": "father's footsteps and became a drummer", "SWqRYGFllLo-00052-00015031-00015494": "playing with who oasis and others", "SWqRYGFllLo-00053-00015495-00015643": "let's move to", "SWqRYGFllLo-00054-00015644-00015958": "1967 and to the third day of filming for", "SWqRYGFllLo-00055-00015959-00016135": "magical mystery tour", "SWqRYGFllLo-00056-00016136-00016358": "in the morning the beatles with some of", "SWqRYGFllLo-00057-00016359-00016750": "the other actors went to watergate bay", "SWqRYGFllLo-00058-00016751-00017022": "here the band was filmed looking through", "SWqRYGFllLo-00059-00017023-00017335": "a telescope a deleted scene and jesse", "SWqRYGFllLo-00060-00017336-00017615": "robbins and ivor cutler were filmed on", "SWqRYGFllLo-00061-00017616-00017847": "the trigorian beach for a romantic", "SWqRYGFllLo-00062-00017848-00018119": "sequence that the bbc deemed unfit for", "SWqRYGFllLo-00063-00018120-00018422": "the viewers and hence cut from its", "SWqRYGFllLo-00064-00018423-00018679": "original screening of the film", "SWqRYGFllLo-00065-00018680-00018911": "everyone returned to the atlantic hotel", "SWqRYGFllLo-00066-00018912-00019199": "in nikki had lunch and then the crew and", "SWqRYGFllLo-00067-00019200-00019455": "the beatles split into two groups for", "SWqRYGFllLo-00068-00019456-00019686": "the afternoon work", "SWqRYGFllLo-00069-00019687-00019958": "john and george remained at the hotel", "SWqRYGFllLo-00070-00019959-00020239": "shooting a scene during which nat jackly", "SWqRYGFllLo-00071-00020240-00020486": "chased youngers in bikini around the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00072-00020487-00020703": "hotel swimming pool", "SWqRYGFllLo-00073-00020704-00021103": "again the scene was not used in the film", "SWqRYGFllLo-00074-00021104-00021367": "then john moved the hollywell for", "SWqRYGFllLo-00075-00021368-00021647": "further shooting while george stayed at", "SWqRYGFllLo-00076-00021648-00021950": "a hotel taping a long radio interview", "SWqRYGFllLo-00077-00021951-00022271": "with miranda word for bbc radio once", "SWqRYGFllLo-00078-00022272-00022622": "seen and heard a new series whose first", "SWqRYGFllLo-00079-00022623-00022847": "show featuring the first half of this", "SWqRYGFllLo-00080-00022848-00023222": "interview was broadcast between 6 32 and", "SWqRYGFllLo-00081-00023223-00023622": "7 29 pm on the 30th of september", "SWqRYGFllLo-00082-00023623-00023822": "the second half of the interview was", "SWqRYGFllLo-00083-00023823-00024103": "broadcast on the 7th of october during", "SWqRYGFllLo-00084-00024104-00024358": "the second show of the program same", "SWqRYGFllLo-00085-00024359-00024542": "times", "SWqRYGFllLo-00086-00024543-00024814": "in the meantime paul and ringo and most", "SWqRYGFllLo-00087-00024815-00025063": "of the passengers were filmed on the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00088-00025064-00025414": "coach along the road to watergate bay in", "SWqRYGFllLo-00089-00025415-00025646": "the sequence in which ringo and jesse", "SWqRYGFllLo-00090-00025647-00025846": "robbins have an argument", "SWqRYGFllLo-00091-00025847-00026143": "then the crew stopped in port to shoot a", "SWqRYGFllLo-00092-00026144-00026351": "scene with george clayton cycling with", "SWqRYGFllLo-00093-00026352-00026607": "paul mccartney on the beach", "SWqRYGFllLo-00094-00026608-00026814": "during the day spencer davies of the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00095-00026816-00027070": "spencer davis group had met the beatles", "SWqRYGFllLo-00096-00027072-00027279": "at the atlantic hotel", "SWqRYGFllLo-00097-00027280-00027511": "he happened to be in the area with his", "SWqRYGFllLo-00098-00027512-00027831": "family for a holiday", "SWqRYGFllLo-00099-00027832-00028127": "let's move to 1968 and the third", "SWqRYGFllLo-00100-00028127-00028351": "recording session focusing on glass", "SWqRYGFllLo-00101-00028352-00028862": "onion today between 8 pm and 1 45 am a", "SWqRYGFllLo-00102-00028863-00029095": "second drum track and the piano were", "SWqRYGFllLo-00103-00029095-00029487": "overdubbed on the rhythm track", "SWqRYGFllLo-00104-00029488-00029902": "finally on the 13th of september 1969", "SWqRYGFllLo-00105-00029904-00030135": "john lennon and the plastic owner band", "SWqRYGFllLo-00106-00030136-00030399": "performed at the varsity stadium of the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00107-00030400-00030695": "university of toronto for the first", "SWqRYGFllLo-00108-00030695-00031046": "toronto rock and roll revival festival", "SWqRYGFllLo-00109-00031047-00031311": "the plastic corner band featuring john", "SWqRYGFllLo-00110-00031312-00031646": "lennon on voice and guitar yokonum boyz", "SWqRYGFllLo-00111-00031647-00031927": "eric clapton on guitar klaus verman on", "SWqRYGFllLo-00112-00031927-00032231": "bass and alan white on drums walked on", "SWqRYGFllLo-00113-00032232-00032527": "stage in front of 27 000 people to", "SWqRYGFllLo-00114-00032527-00032823": "perform their first show together", "SWqRYGFllLo-00115-00032824-00033087": "two 20-minute sets of rock and roll", "SWqRYGFllLo-00116-00033088-00033374": "standards and lennon songs quickly", "SWqRYGFllLo-00117-00033375-00033583": "rehearsed during the flight from london", "SWqRYGFllLo-00118-00033584-00033871": "to toronto on the previous night", "SWqRYGFllLo-00119-00033872-00034159": "the first set consisted of blue suede", "SWqRYGFllLo-00120-00034160-00034479": "shoes money that's what i want dizzy", "SWqRYGFllLo-00121-00034480-00034815": "miss lizzy your blues cold turkey", "SWqRYGFllLo-00122-00034816-00035039": "performed for the first time in front of", "SWqRYGFllLo-00123-00035040-00035383": "an audience and give peace a chance", "SWqRYGFllLo-00124-00035384-00035630": "the last song was announced by jon", "SWqRYGFllLo-00125-00035631-00035990": "saying this is what we came for really", "SWqRYGFllLo-00126-00035991-00036190": "linking the entire concert to the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00127-00036191-00036439": "lennon's peace campaign", "SWqRYGFllLo-00128-00036440-00036751": "after the last song yoko took over the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00129-00036752-00036974": "microphone and performed don't worry", "SWqRYGFllLo-00130-00036975-00037271": "kyoko mom's only looking for her hand in", "SWqRYGFllLo-00131-00037272-00037590": "the snow and a 13-minute piece called", "SWqRYGFllLo-00132-00037591-00037902": "john john let's hope for peace", "SWqRYGFllLo-00133-00037903-00038095": "neither of the two pieces found the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00134-00038096-00038415": "audience extremely welcoming and like it", "SWqRYGFllLo-00135-00038416-00038679": "had happened on the 2nd of march concert", "SWqRYGFllLo-00136-00038680-00038999": "in cambridge the band left in a wall of", "SWqRYGFllLo-00137-00039000-00039327": "feedback coming from their amplifiers", "SWqRYGFllLo-00138-00039328-00039615": "the performance was recorded and filmed", "SWqRYGFllLo-00139-00039616-00039735": "the lp", "SWqRYGFllLo-00140-00039736-00040039": "live piece in toronto 1969", "SWqRYGFllLo-00141-00040040-00040287": "was issued in time for the christmas", "SWqRYGFllLo-00142-00040288-00040559": "market featuring the rock tunes on site", "SWqRYGFllLo-00143-00040560-00040927": "1 and yoko's performance on site too", "SWqRYGFllLo-00144-00040928-00041158": "the video performance instead was", "SWqRYGFllLo-00145-00041159-00041383": "released in 1971", "SWqRYGFllLo-00146-00041384-00041671": "as sweet toronto and featured the song", "SWqRYGFllLo-00147-00041672-00041958": "each from bo diddley jerry lee lewis", "SWqRYGFllLo-00148-00041959-00042255": "chuck berry and little richard plus the", "SWqRYGFllLo-00149-00042256-00042679": "entire set of the plastic corner band", "SWqRYGFllLo-00150-00042680-00042967": "this concludes today's episode", "SWqRYGFllLo-00151-00042968-00043223": "as usual you can do worse than visiting", "SWqRYGFllLo-00152-00043224-00043630": "www.simonmass.com", "SWqRYGFllLo-00153-00043631-00043887": "to see all the things you can do to help", "SWqRYGFllLo-00154-00043888-00044183": "me to improve the output and the quality", "SWqRYGFllLo-00155-00044184-00044527": "of my content for you and to grow our", "SWqRYGFllLo-00156-00044528-00044695": "little community", "SWqRYGFllLo-00157-00044696-00044911": "thank you for any help you feel like", "SWqRYGFllLo-00158-00044912-00045190": "giving join me tomorrow for a trip to", "SWqRYGFllLo-00159-00045191-00045287": "india", "SWqRYGFllLo-00160-00045288-00045590": "for the moment i wish you a good day and", "SWqRYGFllLo-00161-00045591-00045956": "a fab continuation"}}, {"audio_id": "SWsSPqVthXU", "text": {"SWsSPqVthXU-00000-00000212-00000919": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00001-00000919-00001734": "let's go yep", "SWsSPqVthXU-00002-00001735-00002095": "what is that I don't know", "SWsSPqVthXU-00003-00002096-00002518": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00004-00002519-00002849": "where are we going we are going to party", "SWsSPqVthXU-00005-00002850-00003711": "yeah", "SWsSPqVthXU-00006-00003713-00004127": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00007-00004128-00004400": "so many people in here", "SWsSPqVthXU-00008-00004401-00005365": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00009-00005366-00005703": "some chips", "SWsSPqVthXU-00010-00005704-00006395": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00011-00006396-00006960": "uh-huh", "SWsSPqVthXU-00012-00006961-00007453": "oh my God", "SWsSPqVthXU-00013-00007454-00008753": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00014-00008754-00009035": "because we are in one time right during", "SWsSPqVthXU-00015-00009036-00009178": "our light", "SWsSPqVthXU-00016-00009179-00009196": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00017-00009197-00009791": "um", "SWsSPqVthXU-00018-00009792-00010055": "oh and that's one of my ex-boyfriend", "SWsSPqVthXU-00019-00010056-00010349": "this one oh really yeah you mean the one", "SWsSPqVthXU-00020-00010350-00011392": "years mint uh no the one in uh", "SWsSPqVthXU-00021-00011393-00012026": "but we need to talk or something", "SWsSPqVthXU-00022-00012027-00012821": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00023-00012822-00013165": "hi", "SWsSPqVthXU-00024-00013166-00014035": "all right", "SWsSPqVthXU-00025-00014036-00014386": "yeah right", "SWsSPqVthXU-00026-00014387-00015831": "oh it's inside", "SWsSPqVthXU-00027-00015832-00016200": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00028-00016201-00016667": "thank you my star thank you", "SWsSPqVthXU-00029-00016668-00019936": "foreign", "SWsSPqVthXU-00030-00019937-00020303": "in 1410 United Coalition between an army", "SWsSPqVthXU-00031-00020304-00020614": "defeating fifteen canons it was enough", "SWsSPqVthXU-00032-00020615-00021329": "for defense", "SWsSPqVthXU-00033-00021330-00021694": "being built in 1963 but in terms of", "SWsSPqVthXU-00034-00021695-00021911": "money is not so valuable because they", "SWsSPqVthXU-00035-00021912-00022450": "are", "SWsSPqVthXU-00036-00022451-00023176": "and use the coin for decorations", "SWsSPqVthXU-00037-00023177-00023303": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00038-00023304-00024377": "us", "SWsSPqVthXU-00039-00024378-00025243": "hi like that", "SWsSPqVthXU-00040-00025244-00025656": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00041-00025657-00025943": "maybe people at the same time", "SWsSPqVthXU-00042-00025944-00026194": "not to what judge the judge the vice", "SWsSPqVthXU-00043-00026195-00026345": "versions", "SWsSPqVthXU-00044-00026345-00026537": "years to part in the battle against", "SWsSPqVthXU-00045-00026538-00027198": "Crusaders are you ready yeah", "SWsSPqVthXU-00046-00027199-00028913": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00047-00028914-00030870": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00048-00030870-00031493": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00049-00031494-00033352": "um", "SWsSPqVthXU-00050-00033353-00034332": "okay", "SWsSPqVthXU-00051-00034333-00036080": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00052-00036081-00036865": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00053-00036866-00037873": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00054-00037874-00038025": "so guilty", "SWsSPqVthXU-00055-00038026-00038279": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00056-00038280-00041111": "Department", "SWsSPqVthXU-00057-00041112-00042215": "okay", "SWsSPqVthXU-00058-00042216-00042467": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00059-00042468-00043376": "please yes", "SWsSPqVthXU-00060-00043377-00044002": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00061-00044003-00044491": "foreign", "SWsSPqVthXU-00062-00044492-00047290": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00063-00047291-00047777": "Twitter", "SWsSPqVthXU-00064-00047778-00048017": "no", "SWsSPqVthXU-00065-00048018-00049085": "so it's mine okay yeah", "SWsSPqVthXU-00066-00049086-00049445": "okay", "SWsSPqVthXU-00067-00049446-00049923": "um", "SWsSPqVthXU-00068-00049924-00051964": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00069-00051965-00052697": "2.5 per person", "SWsSPqVthXU-00070-00052698-00053725": "yep", "SWsSPqVthXU-00071-00053726-00055411": "we took the best place", "SWsSPqVthXU-00072-00055412-00055763": "I feel like I'm", "SWsSPqVthXU-00073-00055764-00056040": "hmm", "SWsSPqVthXU-00074-00056041-00056257": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00075-00056258-00056476": "do you want to swim", "SWsSPqVthXU-00076-00056477-00056976": "no no no", "SWsSPqVthXU-00077-00056977-00057257": "are you in that cold", "SWsSPqVthXU-00078-00057258-00057992": "really wow", "SWsSPqVthXU-00079-00057994-00058530": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00080-00058532-00058875": "okay", "SWsSPqVthXU-00081-00058876-00059094": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00082-00059095-00059412": "that's it", "SWsSPqVthXU-00083-00059413-00060175": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00084-00060176-00060740": "my eggs", "SWsSPqVthXU-00085-00060741-00061861": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00086-00061862-00062141": "but Nick we need to do like a little", "SWsSPqVthXU-00087-00062141-00063457": "competition", "SWsSPqVthXU-00088-00063458-00063761": "all right", "SWsSPqVthXU-00089-00063762-00064175": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00090-00064176-00065630": "now", "SWsSPqVthXU-00091-00065631-00066611": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00092-00066612-00066847": "oh", "SWsSPqVthXU-00093-00066848-00068112": "okay okay", "SWsSPqVthXU-00094-00068113-00068667": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00095-00068668-00070026": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00096-00070027-00070643": "thank you", "SWsSPqVthXU-00097-00070644-00070888": "can you keep it for me I think we have", "SWsSPqVthXU-00098-00070889-00072815": "to feel strong in this way", "SWsSPqVthXU-00099-00072816-00073693": "okay okay", "SWsSPqVthXU-00100-00073694-00073993": "where is yours", "SWsSPqVthXU-00101-00073994-00074938": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00102-00074939-00075174": "elves", "SWsSPqVthXU-00103-00075175-00075550": "[Applause]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00104-00075551-00076871": "[Laughter]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00105-00076872-00077702": "wow", "SWsSPqVthXU-00106-00077703-00078029": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00107-00078030-00078655": "okay ready okay", "SWsSPqVthXU-00108-00078656-00078953": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00109-00078954-00079111": "[Applause]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00110-00079112-00079332": "right now okay yeah", "SWsSPqVthXU-00111-00079333-00079762": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00112-00079763-00080388": "[Laughter]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00113-00080389-00080567": "I'm happy", "SWsSPqVthXU-00114-00080568-00080906": "thank you", "SWsSPqVthXU-00115-00080907-00081569": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00116-00081570-00082255": "[Music]", "SWsSPqVthXU-00117-00082256-00082975": "okay", "SWsSPqVthXU-00118-00082976-00083821": "one scoop of chocolate please", "SWsSPqVthXU-00119-00083822-00084029": "why not", "SWsSPqVthXU-00120-00084030-00084491": "okay", "SWsSPqVthXU-00121-00084492-00084805": "here yeah", "SWsSPqVthXU-00122-00084806-00086831": "both at the same time", "SWsSPqVthXU-00123-00086832-00087431": "yeah we have a bag yeah", "SWsSPqVthXU-00124-00087432-00087725": "we are going to the house we are going", "SWsSPqVthXU-00125-00087726-00089083": "to my house yeah", "SWsSPqVthXU-00126-00089084-00090805": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "SWt32r1v-S0", "text": {"SWt32r1v-S0-00000-00000036-00006098": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00001-00006099-00007659": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00002-00007659-00008597": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00003-00008598-00010511": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00004-00010512-00012503": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00005-00012504-00015311": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00006-00015312-00016550": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00007-00016551-00023690": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00008-00023691-00024407": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00009-00024408-00025780": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00010-00025781-00026425": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00011-00026426-00027807": "Oh", "SWt32r1v-S0-00012-00027808-00028343": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00013-00028344-00029438": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00014-00029439-00034052": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00015-00034053-00035030": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00016-00035031-00035659": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00017-00035660-00037161": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00018-00037162-00038718": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00019-00038719-00039686": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00020-00039687-00040729": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00021-00040730-00042601": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00022-00042602-00043705": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00023-00043706-00045421": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00024-00045422-00046654": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00025-00046655-00049621": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00026-00049622-00050269": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00027-00050270-00053664": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00028-00053665-00054223": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00029-00054224-00054797": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00030-00054798-00056180": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00031-00056182-00056941": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00032-00056942-00058616": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00033-00058616-00062162": "you", "SWt32r1v-S0-00034-00062163-00064555": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00035-00064557-00072974": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00036-00072975-00080312": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00037-00080313-00081123": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00038-00081124-00084115": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00039-00084116-00097108": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00040-00097109-00097832": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00041-00097833-00101168": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00042-00101169-00106446": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00043-00106447-00113570": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00044-00113571-00117388": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00045-00117389-00130314": "[Laughter]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00046-00130315-00130970": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00047-00130971-00136210": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00048-00136211-00147769": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00049-00147770-00150186": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00050-00150187-00159842": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00051-00159843-00167786": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00052-00167787-00173716": "[Laughter]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00053-00173717-00174250": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00054-00174251-00174599": "I'm not seeing anything here but a whole", "SWt32r1v-S0-00055-00174600-00179983": "lot of sand oh boy", "SWt32r1v-S0-00056-00179984-00187039": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00057-00187040-00188249": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00058-00188250-00191953": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00059-00191954-00195242": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00060-00195243-00200206": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00061-00200207-00203717": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00062-00203718-00208410": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00063-00208411-00210139": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00064-00210140-00211386": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00065-00211387-00213958": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00066-00213959-00214292": "hang on I'm getting good at this part", "SWt32r1v-S0-00067-00214294-00214521": "you were being mind-controlled but I", "SWt32r1v-S0-00068-00214521-00214805": "totally saved you and now you're gonna", "SWt32r1v-S0-00069-00214806-00215048": "offer to help me find out who did this", "SWt32r1v-S0-00070-00215050-00215867": "to you where am i okay so you were being", "SWt32r1v-S0-00071-00215869-00217971": "mind control but I totally saved you", "SWt32r1v-S0-00072-00217972-00218816": "yeah", "SWt32r1v-S0-00073-00218817-00219302": "lately spider-man and you to Colonel", "SWt32r1v-S0-00074-00219303-00221452": "fury don't start with me", "SWt32r1v-S0-00075-00221453-00221796": "sandblast yeah", "SWt32r1v-S0-00076-00221796-00223138": "[Music]", "SWt32r1v-S0-00077-00223139-00225217": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "SWCQxVilCxQ", "text": {"SWCQxVilCxQ-00000-00000032-00000238": "welcome to gooey challenges where i", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00001-00000239-00000351": "create interfaces", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00002-00000352-00000534": "my way and then i challenge you to do it", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00003-00000535-00000719": "your way because with our creative minds", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00004-00000720-00000935": "combined we will find multiple ways to", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00005-00000936-00001039": "solve these interfaces", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00006-00001040-00001262": "and expand the diversity of our skills", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00007-00001263-00001511": "today's", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00008-00001512-00001743": "is a responsive sidenav we're talking a", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00009-00001744-00001951": "full mobile desktop layout with keyboard", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00010-00001952-00002118": "accessibility and just a little dollop", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00011-00002119-00003055": "of javascript", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00012-00003056-00003247": "let's see what i have join me in my", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00013-00003247-00003447": "debugging", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00014-00003447-00003615": "this is where i spend a lot of time", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00015-00003615-00003799": "because i can sort of set up multiple", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00016-00003800-00003919": "different environments so what i have", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00017-00003920-00004038": "here is chromium", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00018-00004039-00004406": "android ios safari uh mac os", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00019-00004407-00004751": "safari firefox and opera", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00020-00004752-00005054": "and opera over here has a emulation of a", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00021-00005055-00005238": "color preference set to light and then", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00022-00005239-00005527": "prefers reduced preference set so this", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00023-00005528-00005686": "is why we see the light layout and we're", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00024-00005687-00005806": "going to see the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00025-00005807-00006095": "well let's just see it our side nav does", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00026-00006096-00006143": "not", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00027-00006144-00006391": "have motion over here right but if we're", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00028-00006392-00006510": "over here on android", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00029-00006511-00006791": "we do see motion in ios we do see motion", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00030-00006792-00006878": "so that's really nice", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00031-00006879-00007087": "we can also see that focus is being set", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00032-00007088-00007263": "to the open and close buttons", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00033-00007264-00007503": "so when something is opened up focus is", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00034-00007504-00007695": "set to the close button", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00035-00007695-00007863": "and if we look closely as well when we", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00036-00007864-00008046": "hover we can see that there's a", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00037-00008047-00008278": "title that's on this close button if", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00038-00008279-00008455": "we're really a student looking", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00039-00008456-00008663": "we can see that the url bar is changing", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00040-00008664-00008807": "while we click these as well", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00041-00008808-00008974": "and that's because these aren't actually", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00042-00008975-00009167": "buttons they are links", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00043-00009168-00009446": "so this space here is being covered by a", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00044-00009447-00009646": "link it's a backdrop link to sort of", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00045-00009647-00009871": "eat your click and send it as a close", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00046-00009872-00009959": "event", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00047-00009960-00010214": "we also can close this with escape so", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00048-00010215-00010310": "the escape key", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00049-00010311-00010503": "also sends the event to close it for", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00050-00010504-00010638": "keyboard listeners", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00051-00010639-00010831": "and on top of that we can use the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00052-00010832-00010942": "keyboard to", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00053-00010943-00011151": "uh open and close if we hit enter we'll", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00054-00011152-00011342": "close we hit enter again we'll open", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00055-00011343-00011655": "and we are explicitly setting the focus", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00056-00011656-00011855": "to the open and close buttons after the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00057-00011856-00012038": "event and the transition has happened so", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00058-00012039-00012183": "that way someone can be", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00059-00012184-00012319": "have this nice ux where they're", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00060-00012320-00012487": "conveniently opening and closing the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00061-00012488-00012574": "menu", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00062-00012575-00012735": "i thought that was really nice also", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00063-00012736-00012991": "notice our desktop layouts do not have", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00064-00012991-00013247": "the sidebar exposed they also don't have", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00065-00013247-00013511": "a close menu or you know there's no like", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00066-00013512-00013558": "link", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00067-00013559-00013694": "drop that i can click that sort of", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00068-00013695-00013871": "closes it and there's no hamburger menu", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00069-00013872-00014143": "and we're doing all of this with css and", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00070-00014144-00014207": "just a little", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00071-00014208-00014463": "bit of javascript let's review what we", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00072-00014463-00014551": "got", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00073-00014552-00014751": "so if we're talking about the responsive", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00074-00014752-00014894": "aspects of this layout", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00075-00014895-00015094": "we're mostly going to be focused on our", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00076-00015095-00015279": "media queries here so we did a media", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00077-00015280-00015430": "query of you'll see", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00078-00015431-00015679": "max with 540 and the reason that we", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00079-00015680-00015855": "chose max width is we're kind of", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00080-00015856-00016079": "putting all of the logic for a slide-out", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00081-00016080-00016255": "concept in in the different states that", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00082-00016256-00016327": "it has", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00083-00016328-00016543": "to a viewport that's really small so if", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00084-00016544-00016703": "i drag this one out we'll see that it's", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00085-00016704-00016758": "gone", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00086-00016759-00016943": "and now that the state and the url bar", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00087-00016944-00017135": "won't change the layout at all", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00088-00017136-00017255": "and so we're just sort of like", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00089-00017256-00017422": "containing everything into that little", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00090-00017423-00017583": "concept of space", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00091-00017584-00017847": "so uh we're watching to see what", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00092-00017848-00018030": "position or what size the viewport is", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00093-00018031-00018167": "and then we're changing the layout from", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00094-00018168-00018358": "a two column layout in grid to a one", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00095-00018359-00018447": "column layout", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00096-00018448-00018679": "and that's done right over here display", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00097-00018680-00018775": "grid we're", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00098-00018776-00018950": "creating a new grid with some shorthand", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00099-00018951-00019150": "that's one row named stack", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00100-00019151-00019319": "and two columns the first column is", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00101-00019320-00019494": "called min content has no name the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00102-00019495-00019583": "second column", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00103-00019584-00019743": "is called stack and it's taking up the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00104-00019744-00019903": "rest of the space so this first column", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00105-00019904-00020119": "is our side nav and it's essentially", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00106-00020120-00020430": "self sized and our main column is its", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00107-00020431-00020575": "own size and it will do", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00108-00020576-00020719": "well it's the rest of the space it will", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00109-00020720-00020894": "fill just like water", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00110-00020895-00021111": "and when we're at a max width of 540", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00111-00021112-00021199": "we're going to go find", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00112-00021200-00021335": "those two columns so we're going to set", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00113-00021336-00021511": "them to the same column we're going to", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00114-00021512-00021671": "set them to the same row to the same", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00115-00021672-00021822": "column and that will make them stack and", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00116-00021823-00022039": "once they're stacked we can look to see", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00117-00022040-00022311": "again if our max width is 540 we're", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00118-00022312-00022414": "going to start setting", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00119-00022415-00022622": "the position of our items on here so", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00120-00022623-00022791": "that they can be like a scrollable side", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00121-00022792-00022830": "nav", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00122-00022831-00023030": "we get a position of sticky where it's", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00123-00023031-00023158": "the top we're going to be the height of", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00124-00023159-00023335": "the viewport we want to over", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00125-00023336-00023527": "flow and like scroll inside of our own", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00126-00023528-00023735": "space and we're going to position you", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00127-00023736-00023839": "off the page", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00128-00023840-00024007": "we're going to prepare the browser for a", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00129-00024008-00024135": "transformation and we're going to say", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00130-00024136-00024286": "that we want to transition", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00131-00024287-00024471": "this element as its transform is", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00132-00024472-00024694": "changing we're going to do that over", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00133-00024695-00024855": "you know this default duration amount of", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00134-00024856-00025030": "time which is 0.6 seconds", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00135-00025031-00025230": "unless someone says they want to like", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00136-00025231-00025383": "have less motion then we just set the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00137-00025384-00025550": "duration to one millisecond and now this", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00138-00025551-00025743": "whole entire animation can work", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00139-00025744-00025878": "uh with someone's preference and not", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00140-00025879-00026094": "even know it's happening so", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00141-00026095-00026287": "let's get to the pseudo class part of", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00142-00026288-00026431": "this so we were using links to open and", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00143-00026432-00026574": "close when we click a link we're setting", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00144-00026575-00026735": "the url if we look at these we can see", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00145-00026736-00026999": "the url is changing to hashtag sidenav", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00146-00027000-00027207": "open hashtag sidenav open and even on", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00147-00027208-00027358": "the page where we don't see a sidenav", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00148-00027360-00027527": "open we see the url changing", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00149-00027527-00027727": "and i can close it and that's just how", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00150-00027727-00027862": "it is that's because these are all", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00151-00027863-00027983": "syncing across but", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00152-00027983-00028295": "anyway when that hashtag is matching", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00153-00028295-00028599": "sidenav open so that it looks like an id", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00154-00028600-00028879": "in css right it should and if we use", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00155-00028880-00028967": "that exact", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00156-00028968-00029311": "name for our element of our sidenav and", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00157-00029312-00029511": "we set that in the url bar at the same", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00158-00029512-00029758": "time we match this target so this target", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00159-00029760-00029895": "says hey does this element", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00160-00029895-00030246": "have the same id as the url hash does", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00161-00030247-00030495": "if it does it's selected and now you can", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00162-00030495-00030623": "do stuff with that state", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00163-00030624-00030870": "so we are storing state in the url bar", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00164-00030872-00031087": "leveraging it right here through a css", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00165-00031088-00031318": "id and a selector and then we can set", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00166-00031319-00031462": "this thing to visible when it is the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00167-00031463-00031687": "target we'll translate it back into the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00168-00031688-00031862": "viewport so we'll set it to zero which", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00169-00031863-00032070": "is essentially its initial resting place", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00170-00032072-00032255": "and we'll make sure that we transition", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00171-00032256-00032423": "out of this as well", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00172-00032424-00032702": "so super cool stuff right there uh to be", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00173-00032703-00032871": "able to use that a new state with just", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00174-00032872-00033159": "links in the url bar and a css selector", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00175-00033160-00033302": "people have done crazy yeah", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00176-00033303-00033455": "i've seen people build games with this", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00177-00033456-00033615": "so you can build games with that logic i", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00178-00033616-00033751": "decided to just make it open and close", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00179-00033752-00033839": "the menu", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00180-00033840-00034151": "so that is the the majority of the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00181-00034152-00034383": "the workload here we used a two column", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00182-00034384-00034543": "grid to go to a one column", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00183-00034544-00034743": "stack we did that with a little bit of", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00184-00034744-00035015": "css and then we're using transforms to", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00185-00035016-00035215": "move our site app off the screen", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00186-00035216-00035399": "only when we're in a mobile-sized", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00187-00035400-00035583": "viewport all with just a little bit of", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00188-00035584-00035655": "css", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00189-00035656-00035830": "so let's talk about some of the final", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00190-00035831-00036055": "touches that we do with javascript", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00191-00036056-00036279": "in the javascript we are watching for", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00192-00036280-00036423": "the escape key", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00193-00036424-00036646": "because we want someone to be able to um", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00194-00036647-00036751": "close the menu", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00195-00036752-00036918": "in maybe a frantic way or a way that", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00196-00036919-00037183": "they've uh expect and the escape key is", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00197-00037184-00037302": "a great way to close something that", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00198-00037303-00037423": "you've opened so", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00199-00037424-00037630": "we listen to the escape key we also", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00200-00037631-00037799": "watch for the animation end event to", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00201-00037800-00037918": "happen on our side nav", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00202-00037919-00038174": "so when it opens uh and the animation is", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00203-00038175-00038230": "completed", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00204-00038231-00038407": "an event gets fired to javascript and", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00205-00038408-00038590": "javascript says hey we've opened up", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00206-00038591-00038727": "i'm going to set the close button to be", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00207-00038728-00038943": "on focus and then when the transition", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00208-00038944-00039102": "has closed and the sidenav has", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00209-00039103-00039271": "completely exited the viewport we say", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00210-00039272-00039462": "let's set focus to that open button and", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00211-00039463-00039718": "that creates that cyclical ux experience", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00212-00039719-00039830": "for keyboard users", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00213-00039831-00040030": "and just the visual for yourself as you", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00214-00040031-00040174": "open and close that where the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00215-00040175-00040327": "highlighted areas are for you to be", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00216-00040328-00040423": "drawing to next", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00217-00040424-00040607": "to manage that piece of element that", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00218-00040608-00040743": "you're looking at", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00219-00040744-00041015": "and that's it we do go into the html and", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00220-00041016-00041174": "sprinkle in some aria rolls and some", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00221-00041175-00041374": "other accessibility items here i'll even", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00222-00041375-00041574": "um quickly show you how some of that", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00223-00041575-00041702": "stuff works", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00224-00041703-00042007": "so if i'm here on uh chrome and i", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00225-00042008-00042223": "hit command f5 i'll pull open the screen", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00226-00042224-00042367": "reader", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00227-00042368-00042590": "leaving web content so here we are", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00228-00042591-00042783": "inside the side nav gui challenges", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00229-00042784-00043039": "link open menu name we have a link that", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00230-00043040-00043230": "can open a menu", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00231-00043231-00043511": "visit link close menu complimentary this", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00232-00043512-00043639": "link will close menu to the", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00233-00043640-00043743": "complimentary", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00234-00043744-00043983": "uh element so we have a side nav that's", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00235-00043984-00044151": "complementary to a main", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00236-00044152-00044423": "and the screen reader is telling this", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00237-00044424-00044502": "user that", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00238-00044503-00044735": "this button here will activate a", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00239-00044736-00044911": "complimentary item or will close a", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00240-00044912-00045095": "complimentary item", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00241-00045096-00045383": "visited link open menu name open menu", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00242-00045384-00045415": "main", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00243-00045416-00045615": "it's associated with main link close", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00244-00045616-00045783": "menu complimentary", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00245-00045784-00045967": "right so what we've done is made sure", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00246-00045968-00046183": "that if someone is focusing on these and", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00247-00046184-00046287": "they can't see", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00248-00046288-00046479": "that they're getting audible clues that", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00249-00046480-00046639": "help them know what this is going to do", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00250-00046640-00046815": "and these little touches will help", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00251-00046816-00046974": "someone drastically as they're", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00252-00046975-00047095": "navigating your site and trying to", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00253-00047096-00047215": "figure out how to get to the thing that", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00254-00047216-00047358": "they came here to get", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00255-00047359-00047583": "and that concludes this gui challenge", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00256-00047584-00047727": "and of course like always the code is", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00257-00047728-00047895": "open source you can grab it you can", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00258-00047896-00047999": "change it you can", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00259-00048000-00048279": "uh completely delete it i i don't know", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00260-00048280-00048399": "do whatever you want with it this is", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00261-00048400-00048462": "really fun", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00262-00048463-00048679": "and i want you to feel inspired to go", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00263-00048680-00048846": "build a side nav of your own whether or", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00264-00048847-00048935": "not that uses", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00265-00048936-00049199": "you know pseudo classes and css grid it", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00266-00049200-00049279": "doesn't matter", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00267-00049280-00049471": "there's ways to make mine better and", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00268-00049472-00049679": "there's ways to that yours can solve", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00269-00049680-00049823": "your problems even better", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00270-00049824-00050086": "and i hope this was inspiring in some", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00271-00050087-00050483": "[Music]", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00272-00050484-00050917": "way", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00273-00050918-00051238": "[Music]", "SWCQxVilCxQ-00274-00051239-00051447": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "SWDxZLeupPQ", "text": {"SWDxZLeupPQ-00000-00000280-00000455": "talking about sex in middle east is a", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00001-00000456-00000647": "taboo but the website karaz is about to", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00002-00000648-00000767": "change this", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00003-00000768-00000999": "this is a shahira compliant website", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00004-00001000-00001143": "which provides", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00005-00001144-00001407": "sexual tips and advice and still", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00006-00001408-00001607": "respecting the islamic values and today", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00007-00001607-00001807": "with us is the founder asharaf", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00008-00001807-00002023": "welcome ashraf what is the attitude", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00009-00002023-00002215": "amongst young generations towards", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00010-00002216-00002559": "sexuality in the middle east", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00011-00002560-00002734": "well it's a subject that is considered", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00012-00002735-00003007": "exciting yet secretive at the same time", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00013-00003008-00003247": "uh youth in the region do not really", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00014-00003247-00003463": "discuss the topic unless they're amongst", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00015-00003464-00003615": "their closest friends", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00016-00003615-00003951": "and even then there's uh hesitation", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00017-00003952-00004151": "um there's a skewed view", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00018-00004152-00004383": "on sex since information", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00019-00004384-00004615": "that they have access to is limited", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00020-00004616-00004831": "and the sources that are deemed", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00021-00004832-00005054": "appropriate so they shy away from the", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00022-00005055-00005191": "topic", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00023-00005192-00005335": "so what do you think is the result of", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00024-00005336-00005486": "this secretive attitude towards", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00025-00005487-00005751": "sexuality", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00026-00005752-00005991": "um i believe that it breathes confusion", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00027-00005992-00006206": "and shame uh unfortunately the", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00028-00006207-00006406": "hesitation in discussing sexuality", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00029-00006408-00006710": "becomes embedded in uh in their lives", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00030-00006711-00006878": "and even when people are married they're", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00031-00006879-00007119": "still uncomfortable discussing it", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00032-00007120-00007391": "and those intimate issues between", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00033-00007392-00007542": "husband and wife are really important to", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00034-00007543-00007695": "discuss", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00035-00007695-00007959": "an example is a friend of mine who owns", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00036-00007959-00008159": "a pharmacy", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00037-00008159-00008342": "one of his closest friends would come", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00038-00008343-00008455": "and discuss", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00039-00008456-00008774": "his uh his relationship with his friend", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00040-00008775-00008951": "and in confidence and", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00041-00008952-00009159": "he was explaining to him that you know", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00042-00009160-00009431": "his marriage was deteriorating", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00043-00009432-00009719": "and um he was explaining that every time", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00044-00009720-00009910": "him and his wife would get intimate or", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00045-00009911-00010095": "they would get close to each other you", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00046-00010096-00010406": "know she would push him away", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00047-00010407-00010631": "it turns out that his wife had vaginal", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00048-00010632-00010951": "dryness and was unable to self-lubricate", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00049-00010952-00011135": "and this was becoming really painful for", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00050-00011136-00011383": "her so the pharmacist just handed him a", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00051-00011384-00011542": "bottle of lubricant", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00052-00011543-00011814": "and something so simple and something", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00053-00011815-00012023": "over the counter uh ended up saving this", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00054-00012024-00012214": "couple's marriage next to marriage what", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00055-00012215-00012431": "is the attitude of the of the young ones", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00056-00012432-00012551": "towards", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00057-00012552-00012719": "sexual intercourse outside a", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00058-00012720-00012943": "relationship", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00059-00012944-00013158": "i can't really speak for all youth but", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00060-00013159-00013343": "it varies from country to country", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00061-00013344-00013615": "although there is a very small minority", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00062-00013616-00013830": "who consider themselves open-minded and", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00063-00013831-00014038": "don't see anything wrong with it the", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00064-00014040-00014319": "overwhelming majority among muslims and", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00065-00014319-00014694": "christians feel that it is immoral", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00066-00014695-00014815": "and do you think", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00067-00014816-00015030": "education is the first step into making", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00068-00015031-00015366": "sexuality more discussable", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00069-00015368-00015671": "i believe that human sexuality is a", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00070-00015672-00015919": "natural part of life and love", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00071-00015919-00016135": "and should be treated as such", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00072-00016136-00016335": "education is definitely the key to", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00073-00016336-00016686": "fighting the ignorance and the fear", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00074-00016687-00016871": "one thing that", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00075-00016872-00017150": "there's a miscommunication about is that", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00076-00017151-00017455": "people relate sex to porn and that is", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00077-00017456-00017647": "not really the case", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00078-00017648-00017830": "uh wanting to learn about sex doesn't", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00079-00017831-00018158": "mean you are a deviant or a pervert", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00080-00018159-00018319": "sexual education was introduced to", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00081-00018320-00018558": "schools and universities in a manner", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00082-00018559-00018791": "befitting the age and the culture our", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00083-00018792-00018927": "youth would go into marriages more", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00084-00018928-00019094": "knowledgeable about their bodies as well", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00085-00019095-00019311": "as their spouses and i think that", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00086-00019312-00019494": "newlyweds would strengthen relationships", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00087-00019495-00019758": "and help save marriages", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00088-00019759-00019919": "thank you ashraf", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00089-00019920-00020055": "i think", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00090-00020056-00020255": "karaz is really making a first step into", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00091-00020256-00020494": "breaking these taboos and for you guys", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00092-00020495-00020622": "at home if you want to know more about", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00093-00020623-00020767": "this project make sure to check out our", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00094-00020768-00021327": "website", "SWDxZLeupPQ-00095-00021328-00021536": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "SWPuiryPMBE", "text": {"SWPuiryPMBE-00000-00000000-00000286": "you do all your gear adjustments and", "SWPuiryPMBE-00001-00000287-00000607": "close that door what we're going to do", "SWPuiryPMBE-00002-00000608-00000743": "is we're going to just pull straight out", "SWPuiryPMBE-00003-00000744-00001208": "here and go off to your left don't be", "SWPuiryPMBE-00004-00001209-00001698": "afraid to use the gas this is an S model", "SWPuiryPMBE-00005-00001700-00004487": "definitely notice the power", "SWPuiryPMBE-00006-00004488-00004667": "you'll notice you have two opportunities", "SWPuiryPMBE-00007-00004668-00004859": "to see the speed that you're going at", "SWPuiryPMBE-00008-00004860-00005252": "one right here the main Council 50 miles", "SWPuiryPMBE-00009-00005253-00005498": "an hour also notice the only be read", "SWPuiryPMBE-00010-00005499-00006164": "right in front of you", "SWPuiryPMBE-00011-00006165-00006392": "the scar feel good", "SWPuiryPMBE-00012-00006393-00006755": "sporty", "SWPuiryPMBE-00013-00006756-00006964": "I noticed you're smiling quite a bit I", "SWPuiryPMBE-00014-00006965-00007298": "show you how that car handles", "SWPuiryPMBE-00015-00007300-00007548": "what I want you to also notice is down", "SWPuiryPMBE-00016-00007548-00007947": "on your shift shifter is a sport mode by", "SWPuiryPMBE-00017-00007948-00008088": "shifting in and out of the sport mode", "SWPuiryPMBE-00018-00008089-00008439": "actually helps tighten up the necessary", "SWPuiryPMBE-00019-00008440-00008777": "correct", "SWPuiryPMBE-00020-00008778-00009127": "you'll actually have the car handle", "SWPuiryPMBE-00021-00009128-00010608": "differently", "SWPuiryPMBE-00022-00010609-00010934": "you notice how the car has nice tight", "SWPuiryPMBE-00023-00010935-00011191": "turns the stability of the wheels", "SWPuiryPMBE-00024-00011192-00011519": "hugging the road", "SWPuiryPMBE-00025-00011520-00011858": "it's just glued it is actually a great", "SWPuiryPMBE-00026-00011859-00013066": "analogy", "SWPuiryPMBE-00027-00013067-00013294": "those are many friendly speed bumps", "SWPuiryPMBE-00028-00013294-00013580": "enough but actually you notice as we go", "SWPuiryPMBE-00029-00013581-00013736": "from there's not a whole lot of wobble", "SWPuiryPMBE-00030-00013737-00013945": "to the car it's actually it's a very", "SWPuiryPMBE-00031-00013946-00014500": "well built and sturdy", "SWPuiryPMBE-00032-00014501-00014725": "people expect when they first get into a", "SWPuiryPMBE-00033-00014726-00014892": "mini that they're going to be cramped", "SWPuiryPMBE-00034-00014893-00015267": "tight they're completely amazed by how", "SWPuiryPMBE-00035-00015268-00015410": "roomy", "SWPuiryPMBE-00036-00015411-00015594": "it is inside how comfortable it is", "SWPuiryPMBE-00037-00015596-00016082": "actually designed to be sporty", "SWPuiryPMBE-00038-00016083-00016446": "gasps economical", "SWPuiryPMBE-00039-00016447-00018149": "good visibility", "SWPuiryPMBE-00040-00018150-00018545": "I would gather to say it'd be very tough", "SWPuiryPMBE-00041-00018546-00018790": "for your truck to get fit in this spire", "SWPuiryPMBE-00042-00018791-00019040": "so I'm going to say how comfortable it", "SWPuiryPMBE-00043-00019041-00019244": "would be just roll up in here and your", "SWPuiryPMBE-00044-00019245-00019787": "brand new 2012 mini s cooper very easy", "SWPuiryPMBE-00045-00019788-00020209": "very easy plenty of room on both sides", "SWPuiryPMBE-00046-00020210-00020510": "nice"}}, {"audio_id": "SX2HUKijJEg", "text": {"SX2HUKijJEg-00000-00000000-00000301": "you will frequently need to format", "SX2HUKijJEg-00001-00000302-00000728": "output so that it is in a currency or", "SX2HUKijJEg-00002-00000729-00001039": "similar format where you have commas and", "SX2HUKijJEg-00003-00001040-00001420": "dollar signs and decimal points and you", "SX2HUKijJEg-00004-00001421-00001609": "should be pretty comfortable with this", "SX2HUKijJEg-00005-00001610-00001721": "because you're going to do it in", "SX2HUKijJEg-00006-00001722-00002014": "probably half of the assignments so when", "SX2HUKijJEg-00007-00002016-00002159": "you're adding it to a print statement", "SX2HUKijJEg-00008-00002160-00002321": "you'll print whatever your text is and", "SX2HUKijJEg-00009-00002322-00002447": "the dollar sign is going to need to come", "SX2HUKijJEg-00010-00002448-00002657": "at the end of your text statement before", "SX2HUKijJEg-00011-00002658-00003013": "your quotes and then to format a", "SX2HUKijJEg-00012-00003014-00003359": "variable or this could be actual numbers", "SX2HUKijJEg-00013-00003360-00003622": "you type in format and then in", "SX2HUKijJEg-00014-00003623-00003806": "parentheses you put the variable or", "SX2HUKijJEg-00015-00003807-00003968": "number that you're going to format a", "SX2HUKijJEg-00016-00003969-00004231": "comma and then the formatting pattern", "SX2HUKijJEg-00017-00004232-00004484": "for currency the formatting pattern is", "SX2HUKijJEg-00018-00004485-00004667": "going to be comma which puts the commas", "SX2HUKijJEg-00019-00004668-00004997": "at the every three places point we're", "SX2HUKijJEg-00020-00004998-00005392": "seeing here we want it to only have two", "SX2HUKijJEg-00021-00005393-00005609": "numbers to the right of the decimal", "SX2HUKijJEg-00022-00005610-00005822": "point so that what is what that means so", "SX2HUKijJEg-00023-00005823-00005999": "it's a float with two numbers after the", "SX2HUKijJEg-00024-00006000-00006179": "decimal point and it's using comma", "SX2HUKijJEg-00025-00006180-00006425": "formatting to put the dollar sign in you", "SX2HUKijJEg-00026-00006426-00006673": "have to do that on your own but that's", "SX2HUKijJEg-00027-00006675-00006875": "how you'll format things for currency", "SX2HUKijJEg-00028-00006876-00007151": "and you're expected to do that in many", "SX2HUKijJEg-00029-00007152-00007495": "programs for this course"}}, {"audio_id": "SXOY7gk6jwy", "text": {"SXOY7gk6jwy-00000-00000192-00000342": "hey this is taking data", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00001-00000343-00000623": "for the monte carlo coin lab we're using", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00002-00000624-00000782": "a nickel this time", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00003-00000783-00000999": "so i have a data table set up with", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00004-00001000-00001135": "nickels one to ten", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00005-00001136-00001374": "i have nickels one to ten and i have", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00006-00001375-00001535": "their diameter in centimeters", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00007-00001536-00001710": "spots for that and spots for height in", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00008-00001711-00001847": "centimeters", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00009-00001848-00001982": "i'm gonna use my ruler it's got", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00010-00001984-00002239": "centimeter markings and it's accurate", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00011-00002240-00002367": "down to the millimeter", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00012-00002368-00002550": "so if it looks like i'm in between one", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00013-00002551-00002718": "of these two millimeter spots", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00014-00002719-00002975": "i'm going to try to estimate exactly", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00015-00002976-00003102": "where we are", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00016-00003103-00003215": "we're going to do this for 10 of these", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00017-00003215-00003431": "nickels they'll get over in our done", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00018-00003432-00003654": "pile we'll get all our numbers down", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00019-00003655-00004151": "so start with number one", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00020-00004152-00004806": "lined up halfway", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00021-00004807-00005263": "that looks like", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00022-00005264-00005870": "2.1 and just a little over say", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00023-00005871-00006583": "2.12", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00024-00006584-00006903": "i want to get the height this one's a", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00025-00006904-00007039": "bit tricky to see on the", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00026-00007040-00007470": "camera but", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00027-00007472-00008263": "nice that's a pretty even two", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00028-00008264-00008559": "oh maybe just under actually i think i'm", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00029-00008560-00008663": "going to put this as a", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00030-00008664-00009191": "0.19 or 1.9 millimeters", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00031-00009192-00009542": "and that'll go in the done pile", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00032-00009543-00009846": "awesome so from here", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00033-00009847-00010006": "we can measure the rest of our 10", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00034-00010007-00010214": "nickels we'll get their diameters", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00035-00010215-00010406": "and heights and our data table will be", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00036-00010407-00010638": "full then we'll be able to move on to", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00037-00010639-00010974": "our statistical analysis", "SXOY7gk6jwy-00038-00010975-00011496": "this concludes this video"}}, {"audio_id": "SXWIoJfZ-28", "text": {"SXWIoJfZ-28-00000-00000069-00000474": "live from Las Vegas it's the cube", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00001-00000475-00000848": "covering the AWS Accenture executive", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00002-00000849-00001423": "summit brought to you by Accenture", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00003-00001424-00001682": "welcome back everyone to the cubes live", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00004-00001682-00001913": "coverage of the AWS executive summit", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00005-00001914-00002150": "here at the Venetian in Las Vegas", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00006-00002151-00002399": "I'm your host Rebecca Knight we have two", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00007-00002400-00002540": "guests for the segment we have Mike", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00008-00002541-00002753": "Moore senior principal of X at Accenture", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00009-00002754-00002926": "Research and Andrew Wilson chief", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00010-00002927-00003128": "information officer at Accenture thank", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00011-00003129-00003254": "you both so much for coming for", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00012-00003254-00003452": "returning to the cube good to see you as", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00013-00003453-00003665": "ever Rebecca to be back in Las Vegas as", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00014-00003665-00003878": "well exactly back in Sin City right here", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00015-00003879-00004103": "we are so our topic is innovation a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00016-00004104-00004313": "buzzword that is it is so buzzy it's", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00017-00004314-00004597": "almost boring let's let's start the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00018-00004598-00004742": "conversation with just defining", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00019-00004743-00004986": "innovation what does innovation mean", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00020-00004987-00005300": "objective a behavior a way of working to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00021-00005301-00005647": "me innovation is what we need to do with", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00022-00005648-00005813": "modern technology to enable the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00023-00005814-00006131": "enterprise and the business world and be", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00024-00006132-00006370": "creative humans and to use disciplines", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00025-00006371-00006593": "which we didn't typically bring to work", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00026-00006594-00006893": "before and is it is it creativity I mean", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00027-00006894-00007222": "or is there a logic and rationale to I", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00028-00007223-00007442": "think there's logic and rationale I", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00029-00007443-00007643": "think but there's also entertainment", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00030-00007644-00007903": "from modern consumer like", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00031-00007904-00008128": "experimentation risk-taking things of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00032-00008129-00008327": "that nature I think the key is actually", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00033-00008328-00008539": "striking the balance between creative is", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00034-00008540-00008728": "a logic and rationale and that's the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00035-00008729-00008924": "really tricky bit because you need to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00036-00008925-00009134": "give your employees the license to be", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00037-00009135-00009317": "creative that within a certain set of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00038-00009318-00009521": "boundaries as well the rules of work", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00039-00009522-00009724": "have definitely changed and behaviors", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00040-00009725-00009953": "that we encourage even the clothes we", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00041-00009954-00010213": "wear how we were when we work those are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00042-00010214-00010385": "all characteristic of I think of a more", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00043-00010386-00010841": "innovative accepting diverse world and a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00044-00010842-00011020": "world that can keep up with the modern", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00045-00011021-00011195": "technology and the advancements and the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00046-00011196-00011317": "announcements like we're hearing about", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00047-00011318-00011492": "here at reinvent it's the ultimate", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00048-00011493-00011770": "right-brain left-brain behavior and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00049-00011771-00012119": "activity so so Mike you have done some", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00050-00012120-00012346": "research recently about the hallmarks of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00051-00012347-00012524": "innovative companies what they do", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00052-00012525-00012854": "differently from from the ones that are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00053-00012855-00013010": "not innovative that are that are failing", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00054-00013011-00013211": "here so talk a little our viewers a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00055-00013212-00013376": "little bit about what you found in your", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00056-00013377-00013415": "research", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00057-00013416-00013832": "well we surveyed 840 executives from a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00058-00013833-00014044": "variety of different companies different", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00059-00014046-00014266": "industries different geographies to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00060-00014268-00014488": "understand their approach to innovation", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00061-00014490-00014656": "and those who were doing it particularly", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00062-00014657-00014849": "well and those maybe not say well and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00063-00014850-00015266": "run about 14% of our respondents were", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00064-00015266-00015503": "turning their investments in innovation", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00065-00015504-00015794": "into accelerated growth and there were", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00066-00015794-00015944": "lots of different reasons for their", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00067-00015944-00016172": "success but three things really stood", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00068-00016172-00016427": "out the first of all their and outcome", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00069-00016428-00016619": "light in terms of the way they approach", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00070-00016620-00016872": "innovation so they put a clear set of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00071-00016873-00017069": "processes around the renovation", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00072-00017070-00017308": "activities and then link those to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00073-00017309-00017494": "operational and financial performance", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00074-00017495-00017869": "metrics they're also disruption minded", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00075-00017870-00018064": "they're not just pursuing and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00076-00018065-00018272": "incremental tweaks to their products and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00077-00018273-00018484": "services but they're investing in", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00078-00018485-00018641": "disruptive technologies that could", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00079-00018642-00018850": "actually create entirely new markets and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00080-00018851-00019049": "and then finally they're change", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00081-00019050-00019264": "orientated they're not just using", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00082-00019265-00019508": "innovation to change their products and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00083-00019509-00019766": "services but also to fundamentally", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00084-00019767-00019914": "change the nature of their own", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00085-00019915-00020255": "organizations as a whole so 14% are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00086-00020256-00020422": "doing thing or knocking it out of the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00087-00020423-00020686": "park does that mean the rest of them are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00088-00020687-00020872": "all laggards or I mean are sort of some", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00089-00020873-00021089": "in the middle and what is the state of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00090-00021090-00021412": "innovation in industry today would you", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00091-00021413-00021643": "say Andrew I would say it's hugely", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00092-00021644-00021953": "variable by industry geography type of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00093-00021954-00022133": "company and individual instance of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00094-00022134-00022480": "leader and culture but I'm sure that the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00095-00022481-00022780": "most successful companies those that are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00096-00022781-00022965": "pivoting to the new those that are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00097-00022966-00023209": "imagine if those that have recently", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00098-00023210-00023533": "arrived all have that DNA that were", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00099-00023534-00023708": "describing all have that way of working", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00100-00023709-00024118": "or have that ability to operate cleverly", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00101-00024119-00024443": "intelligently humorously and at speed I", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00102-00024444-00024805": "think innovation is very much", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00103-00024806-00024968": "characterized by something that can be", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00104-00024969-00025327": "fast fail do step move sideways do again", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00105-00025328-00025609": "the way of working has changed in modern", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00106-00025610-00025937": "enterprises we as CIOs have to accept", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00107-00025938-00026111": "that we have to speed up we have to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00108-00026112-00026258": "create the environment in where that", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00109-00026258-00026414": "where that productivity where that", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00110-00026414-00026726": "creation can occur and I think all of us", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00111-00026727-00026908": "key you can you keep mentioning this", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00112-00026909-00027139": "this the way of working has changed and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00113-00027140-00027311": "I think we all we all sort of know what", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00114-00027312-00027565": "you mean but explain a little bit what", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00115-00027566-00027810": "you're seeing experimentation", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00116-00027811-00028055": "the ability to get more done with the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00117-00028056-00028242": "resources that you have so here we are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00118-00028243-00028589": "at AWS reinvent cloud based operations", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00119-00028590-00028917": "cloud gives you it gives me as a CIO the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00120-00028918-00029258": "means to do more more quickly more", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00121-00029259-00029558": "rapidly and a greater scale in more", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00122-00029559-00029783": "places that I ever could have imagined", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00123-00029784-00030083": "in my old old fashioned data centers so", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00124-00030084-00030360": "the services we can consume the data we", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00125-00030361-00030555": "can connect together the artificial", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00126-00030556-00030705": "intelligence we can bring to it the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00127-00030706-00030899": "consumer like experience all of those", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00128-00030900-00031143": "things which by the way are drawing on", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00129-00031144-00031289": "innovative behaviors and their own right", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00130-00031290-00031514": "are absolutely what the game is about", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00131-00031515-00031923": "now how does AWS figure into your cloud", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00132-00031924-00032174": "transformation well for a low cloud", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00133-00032175-00032520": "transformation at Accenture a DRS is one", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00134-00032520-00032760": "of the core power cloud platform", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00135-00032761-00032951": "providers who power Accenture we are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00136-00032952-00033207": "nearly 95 percent in cloud so as an", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00137-00033208-00033437": "organization that's very pronounced and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00138-00033438-00033626": "typically ahead of most organizations", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00139-00033627-00033836": "but we sort of have to be don't we I", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00140-00033837-00033999": "mean we have to be our own North Star I", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00141-00034000-00034277": "can't sit here and explain the virtues", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00142-00034278-00034467": "of what Accenture can bring to a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00143-00034468-00034664": "client's cloud transformation if we", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00144-00034665-00034868": "haven't already done it to ourselves and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00145-00034869-00035067": "by the way that drew on innovative", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00146-00035068-00035237": "approaches risk-taking approaches", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00147-00035238-00035385": "because over the last three years we've", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00148-00035386-00035714": "moved Accenture to the cloud so I mean I", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00149-00035715-00035907": "love how you said we are our own North", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00150-00035908-00036093": "Star and other people would say we eat", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00151-00036094-00036308": "our own dog food so just kind of more", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00152-00036309-00036645": "gross but in terms of in terms of having", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00153-00036646-00036824": "experienced this transformation", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00154-00036825-00037127": "yourselves how do you use what you've", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00155-00037128-00037479": "learned to help your companies transform", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00156-00037480-00037935": "as well and make these moves take these", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00157-00037936-00038264": "risks what would you say to that well I", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00158-00038265-00038432": "think we keep an eye on the research my", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00159-00038433-00038627": "colleagues there there are a North Star", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00160-00038628-00038912": "I think we look at the ecosystem we", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00161-00038913-00039245": "assess readiness for enterprise security", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00162-00039246-00039648": "compliant scale availability and then we", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00163-00039649-00039926": "also look and say and what's really for", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00164-00039927-00040155": "primetime in terms of Accenture scale", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00165-00040156-00040445": "half a million people nearly you bring", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00166-00040446-00040589": "all of those things together and it's a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00167-00040590-00040796": "recipe and that's why we consult our", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00168-00040797-00041055": "business that's why we guide and educate", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00169-00041056-00041113": "and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00170-00041114-00041362": "and innovate together and that's very", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00171-00041363-00041593": "much how we adopted cloud it's very much", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00172-00041594-00041737": "how we do a number of other things and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00173-00041738-00042046": "the creative services we have in terms", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00174-00042047-00042247": "of let's get back to the research so how", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00175-00042248-00042427": "do you I mean as you said the research", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00176-00042428-00042601": "is so as Andrew said it's something that", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00177-00042602-00042868": "the executive leaders are looking at to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00178-00042869-00043033": "figure out what's actually happening in", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00179-00043034-00043159": "the market as well as what's happening", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00180-00043160-00043384": "and within the organization itself so", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00181-00043385-00043642": "how do you set your research agenda in", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00182-00043643-00043954": "terms of figuring out where you want to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00183-00043955-00044182": "focus your time and energy and resources", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00184-00044183-00044389": "well I think we do in a very similar way", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00185-00044390-00044698": "through which we in which we consult", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00186-00044699-00045037": "with clients we speak to them we talk to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00187-00045038-00045196": "them about the some of the key issues", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00188-00045197-00045460": "that they're facing and we always", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00189-00045461-00045700": "interview a series of executives and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00190-00045701-00045853": "also academics to get their perspective", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00191-00045854-00046147": "at the start of the project and that's", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00192-00046148-00046285": "something that we did in in this", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00193-00046286-00046522": "particular instance and what we heard", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00194-00046523-00046789": "from many executives was that to the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00195-00046790-00046914": "point that Andrew was making before", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00196-00046915-00047161": "their speed and scale of innovation", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00197-00047162-00047440": "today is happening at a completely", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00198-00047441-00047695": "different pace than in the past so", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00199-00047696-00047911": "product cycle times are just diminishing", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00200-00047912-00048106": "in every single industry and as a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00201-00048107-00048367": "consequence executives now need to build", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00202-00048368-00048604": "new innovation units to make sure that", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00203-00048605-00048829": "they can respond to that changing market", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00204-00048830-00048982": "so that's what we wanted to explore", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00205-00048983-00049180": "free--free the research throw in this", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00206-00049181-00049405": "research with with the 14% doing it well", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00207-00049406-00049675": "the 86% sort of either self somewhere on", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00208-00049676-00049981": "the spectrum of doing terribly or her", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00209-00049982-00050212": "figuring things out getting better what", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00210-00050213-00050386": "are their pain points and sort of what's", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00211-00050387-00050629": "your advice to those companies well I I", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00212-00050630-00050893": "think and we take the positive spin on", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00213-00050894-00051046": "that in terms of what the companies are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00214-00051047-00051307": "doing well one of the points that andrew", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00215-00051308-00051535": "is making before was how Accenture works", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00216-00051536-00051784": "with other partners to become more", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00217-00051785-00052009": "innovative itself and that's something", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00218-00052010-00052329": "that we saw many of the high-performing", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00219-00052330-00052546": "companies doing so many of them were", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00220-00052547-00052795": "what we call Network powers they're not", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00221-00052796-00053008": "just innovating using their own", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00222-00053009-00053236": "resources their own people but they're", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00223-00053237-00053407": "drawing on a broader ecosystem of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00224-00053408-00053611": "partners to being bring the very best", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00225-00053612-00053785": "products and services to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00226-00053786-00054088": "they're customers and they're spending", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00227-00054089-00054426": "not just on R&D internally but also on", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00228-00054427-00054697": "accelerators incubators technology-based", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00229-00054698-00054928": "M&A and actually they're spending as", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00230-00054929-00055210": "much on inorganic innovation as they are", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00231-00055211-00055500": "on organic innovation at Accenture we", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00232-00055501-00055687": "actually help our clients look for trap", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00233-00055688-00055924": "value what we mean by that is if an", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00234-00055925-00056169": "organization with a history with a set", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00235-00056170-00056307": "of business processes a set of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00236-00056308-00056479": "technologies and a set of disciplines", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00237-00056479-00056686": "and employees that have been successful", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00238-00056687-00056878": "and works possibly for decades in that", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00239-00056879-00057054": "model then they're going to be in some", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00240-00057055-00057238": "pretty tight guide rails how do you", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00241-00057239-00057421": "innovate out of that to deal with all of", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00242-00057422-00057544": "the destruction that's now available", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00243-00057545-00057825": "good healthy disruption that actually", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00244-00057826-00058071": "reveals the next level of efficiency", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00245-00058072-00058387": "customer satisfaction product creativity", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00246-00058388-00058530": "and innovation its own right so that's", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00247-00058532-00058776": "innovation in action if you like I want", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00248-00058777-00059016": "to ask is is you know here we are at AWS", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00249-00059017-00059221": "reinvent or Andy Jesse on the main stage", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00250-00059222-00059406": "this morning announcing a dizzying", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00251-00059407-00059848": "number of new products services in it in", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00252-00059849-00060057": "AWS this is Amazon this is a huge", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00253-00060058-00060340": "company that really seems to know how to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00254-00060341-00060679": "innovate and do it constantly but is", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00255-00060679-00060942": "that is that I mean it can end if it can", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00256-00060944-00061104": "every company be Amazon you you know", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00257-00061105-00061234": "what I'm saying I mean is is this really", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00258-00061235-00061455": "possible and attainable is there such a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00259-00061457-00061747": "thing as innovation fatigue well exactly", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00260-00061748-00062272": "right my view is that you have to find a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00261-00062273-00062503": "way to make innovation a constant and a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00262-00062504-00062988": "norm it doesn't mean that you're always", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00263-00062989-00063192": "like to operate with the same ridiculous", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00264-00063194-00063511": "pace but creativity and pace do go hand", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00265-00063512-00063913": "in hand to a point but to be ahead to", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00266-00063914-00064216": "stay a bit to stay ahead and to lead an", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00267-00064216-00064471": "organization of technologists who can", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00268-00064472-00064650": "comprehend all of these announcements so", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00269-00064651-00064834": "you have to innovate in both how you", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00270-00064835-00065076": "lead and operate as well it's not just", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00271-00065077-00065307": "your product it's your behaviors because", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00272-00065308-00065442": "there's just so much coming all the time", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00273-00065444-00065631": "right and we've seen a number of large", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00274-00065632-00065824": "companies not necessarily technology", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00275-00065825-00066016": "companies but I'm thinking of Sears and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00276-00066017-00066334": "in Toys R Us that have really seen what", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00277-00066335-00066475": "can happen look at the attrition in the", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00278-00066476-00066723": "fortune 500 and and", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00279-00066724-00066899": "you can see how companies have a", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00280-00066900-00067116": "half-life now which perhaps is very", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00281-00067117-00067296": "different to twenty or thirty years ago", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00282-00067297-00067476": "right right exactly", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00283-00067477-00067698": "well Mike and Andrew thank you so much", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00284-00067699-00067848": "for coming on the cube this is a really", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00285-00067849-00068106": "really fascinating discussion thank you", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00286-00068107-00068310": "good to see you again I'm Rebecca Knight", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00287-00068311-00068519": "stay tuned for more of the cubes live", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00288-00068520-00069422": "coverage of the AWS executive summit", "SXWIoJfZ-28-00289-00069423-00069728": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "SXWWSla8m0Y", "text": {"SXWWSla8m0Y-00000-00001592-00015483": "a", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00001-00015484-00016883": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00002-00016884-00019735": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00003-00019736-00022483": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00004-00022484-00023883": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00005-00023884-00028083": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00006-00028083-00030883": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00007-00030883-00032283": "is", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00008-00032283-00033683": "is", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00009-00033684-00036483": "is", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00010-00036484-00037883": "is", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00011-00037884-00039283": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00012-00039284-00040683": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00013-00040684-00042083": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00014-00042084-00044883": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00015-00044884-00047683": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00016-00047684-00049083": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00017-00049084-00050483": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00018-00050484-00051882": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00019-00051883-00053282": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00020-00053283-00054682": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00021-00054683-00058882": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00022-00058883-00060282": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00023-00060283-00061682": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00024-00061683-00065882": "is", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00025-00065883-00068682": "is", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00026-00068683-00070082": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00027-00070083-00071482": "is", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00028-00071483-00074282": "foreign", "SXWWSla8m0Y-00029-00074283-00074583": "foreign"}}, {"audio_id": "SY0jGbu1cKA", "text": {"SY0jGbu1cKA-00000-00000031-00000446": "st. Paul of Tama Coptic died October 17", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00001-00000447-00000736": "415 ad was an Egyptian Saint who lived", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00002-00000737-00001016": "in the fourth and fifth centuries ad he", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00003-00001017-00001204": "is venerated only in the Coptic Orthodox", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00004-00001205-00001591": "Church", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00005-00001592-00002090": "topic life", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00006-00002091-00002456": "topic Paul of Tama lived as a hermit in", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00007-00002457-00002635": "the mountain of an sina currently in the", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00008-00002636-00002893": "el Minya governorate of egypt he had a", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00009-00002894-00003172": "disciple named Ezekiel Paul of Tama is", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00010-00003173-00003347": "most known for spending his life in", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00011-00003347-00003620": "lengthy fasts and worship the Coptic", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00012-00003621-00003811": "Orthodox tradition has it that he would", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00013-00003812-00004022": "only break his fast when Jesus told him", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00014-00004022-00004279": "to towards the end of his life he", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00015-00004280-00004489": "befriended st. P show at the time when", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00016-00004490-00004657": "the latter fled the nitrene desert", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00017-00004658-00004843": "because of the Berbers attacks and went", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00018-00004844-00005293": "to dwell in the mountain of aunt Zena", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00019-00005294-00005865": "topic departure and relics", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00020-00005866-00006240": "topic Paul of Tama departed on seven", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00021-00006241-00006675": "puppy October 17 415 ad he was buried", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00022-00006676-00006884": "along with st. P show in the monastery", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00023-00006886-00007109": "of st. P show at dear L Barcia which", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00024-00007111-00007416": "still exists today near Malawi on 4", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00025-00007417-00007848": "coeliac 557 a.m. December 13th 841 ad", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00026-00007848-00008064": "Pope Joseph the first fulfilled the", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00027-00008065-00008271": "desire of st. P show and moved his body", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00028-00008272-00008496": "as well as that of Saint Paul of Tama to", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00029-00008497-00008679": "the monastery of st. P show in the", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00030-00008680-00008937": "wilderness of seats it is said that they", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00031-00008938-00009132": "first attempted to move the body of st.", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00032-00009133-00009324": "Peter only but when they carried it to", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00033-00009325-00009501": "the boat on the Nile the boat would not", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00034-00009502-00009657": "move until they brought in the body of", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00035-00009658-00009969": "st. Paul of Tama as well today the two", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00036-00009970-00010131": "bodies lie in the main Church of the", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00037-00010132-00010392": "Coptic Orthodox monastery of st. P show", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00038-00010393-00010889": "in the night rien desert", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00039-00010890-00011408": "topic references", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00040-00011409-00011774": "topic coptic orthodox church samac", "SY0jGbu1cKA-00041-00011775-00012095": "syrian book of saints"}}, {"audio_id": "SY62snSvowY", "text": {"SY62snSvowY-00000-00000000-00000142": "what kind of homes are the most in", "SY62snSvowY-00001-00000143-00000311": "demand right now stick with us to find", "SY62snSvowY-00002-00000312-00000998": "out the real estate market remains", "SY62snSvowY-00003-00000999-00001166": "red-hot right now back to Zillow", "SY62snSvowY-00004-00001167-00001445": "estimates that in 2017 homes sold more", "SY62snSvowY-00005-00001446-00001709": "quickly than ever before and 2018 is", "SY62snSvowY-00006-00001710-00001988": "used to be on pace to beat 2017 there is", "SY62snSvowY-00007-00001989-00002134": "one segment of the real estate market", "SY62snSvowY-00008-00002135-00002315": "that is lagging a little bit wide about", "SY62snSvowY-00009-00002316-00002555": "luxury homes prices in the top 5% of the", "SY62snSvowY-00010-00002556-00002780": "real estate market increase just 5.5", "SY62snSvowY-00011-00002781-00002999": "percent in 2017 almost 2 percent lower", "SY62snSvowY-00012-00003000-00003170": "than the rest of the market so what's", "SY62snSvowY-00013-00003171-00003365": "going on portability does not seem to be", "SY62snSvowY-00014-00003365-00003547": "an issue more Americans can afford a", "SY62snSvowY-00015-00003548-00003713": "top-level home more than ever before", "SY62snSvowY-00016-00003714-00003902": "instead it might come down to two other", "SY62snSvowY-00017-00003903-00004085": "factors first uncertainty surrounding", "SY62snSvowY-00018-00004086-00004261": "the new tax bill could be affecting", "SY62snSvowY-00019-00004262-00004454": "luxury homes more strongly and this", "SY62snSvowY-00020-00004455-00004601": "might be the reason why some potential", "SY62snSvowY-00021-00004602-00004760": "buyers are choosing to sit and wait", "SY62snSvowY-00022-00004761-00004919": "until the details of the tech plant", "SY62snSvowY-00023-00004920-00005143": "become clear second there is simply a", "SY62snSvowY-00024-00005144-00005327": "greater supply of luxury homes compared", "SY62snSvowY-00025-00005328-00005518": "to other types of homes in other words", "SY62snSvowY-00026-00005519-00005731": "demand supply a more evenly match at the", "SY62snSvowY-00027-00005732-00005929": "top of the market while other segments", "SY62snSvowY-00028-00005930-00006167": "demand far exceeds supply you've been", "SY62snSvowY-00029-00006168-00006293": "thinking about trading up to a luxury", "SY62snSvowY-00030-00006294-00006457": "home now might be the perfect time to do", "SY62snSvowY-00031-00006458-00006673": "so the red-hot demand for starter or", "SY62snSvowY-00032-00006675-00006823": "trade of Homes means you could sell your", "SY62snSvowY-00033-00006825-00007055": "home for top dollar and at record speed", "SY62snSvowY-00034-00007056-00007202": "falooda price growth and greater", "SY62snSvowY-00035-00007203-00007373": "inventory at the luxury end means that", "SY62snSvowY-00036-00007373-00007541": "you have a perfect pic of a home that", "SY62snSvowY-00037-00007542-00007730": "fits your special needs so if you have", "SY62snSvowY-00038-00007731-00007856": "any questions about their current real", "SY62snSvowY-00039-00007856-00007996": "estate market feel free to give us a", "SY62snSvowY-00040-00007997-00008141": "call or shoot us an email we're here to", "SY62snSvowY-00041-00008142-00008296": "help you", "SY62snSvowY-00042-00008297-00009499": "[Music]", "SY62snSvowY-00043-00009500-00009635": "[Music]", "SY62snSvowY-00044-00009636-00009842": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "SYfpyNBnVgg", "text": {"SYfpyNBnVgg-00000-00000000-00000193": "as-salam-o-alaikum kappa cachaça to", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00001-00000194-00000383": "maternity a midi channel region use", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00002-00000384-00000569": "physics today the authority on virtual", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00003-00000570-00000827": "agency ammidon Ultima dunya after that's", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00004-00000827-00001073": "him - okay you know a lot Ramiro stop", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00005-00001074-00001258": "patent it a note in pitch annoying a", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00006-00001259-00001528": "metacognitive on a battery cool a magic", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00007-00001529-00001801": "hat is ecology patch a volume a premier", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00008-00001802-00002009": "Pro stop detail I'm on Tamra I'm an", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00009-00002010-00002209": "approval kianak video day after the", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00010-00002210-00002423": "Catania team Ashley here oh Allah made a", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00011-00002424-00002645": "shrewd ocean she had a guy wrong thicker", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00012-00002646-00002897": "pigment Mira hot only decay control put", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00013-00002898-00003122": "the banana nevermind a thief Mahalo", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00014-00003123-00003313": "I fell sick Matamata conveyed with the", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00015-00003314-00003490": "patch and now heated in agony keep", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00016-00003492-00003635": "launch a shuttle at nari", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00017-00003636-00003863": "you know aluminum bathrooms again harpy", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00018-00003864-00004081": "careful insulin can attain a afternoon", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00019-00004082-00004325": "and pot Virginia turn Jayantilal a shame", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00020-00004326-00004481": "Oona oh stop the video along via", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00021-00004482-00004676": "negativa holloway phillotson hero alum", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00022-00004677-00004865": "cuchara timmy table giovanna active", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00023-00004866-00005042": "denotes hint about the Pachanga you know", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00024-00005043-00005276": "Alan kidnap a little it as evenly sheesh", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00025-00005277-00005441": "for the victim I mean she's gonna route", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00026-00005442-00005624": "the shape in a heartbeat kitchen Des", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00027-00005625-00005806": "Moines for you buddy look Johnny tactic", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00028-00005807-00005959": "a janitor for over T Tatara", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00029-00005960-00006191": "a movie lucky Manish Krueger doctorate", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00030-00006192-00006361": "of Sydney here chillin he know alumina", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00031-00006362-00006478": "is Ronald Poppo", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00032-00006479-00006734": "October parameter Rho ETA only sharp a", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00033-00006734-00006992": "tomato from Batman to me okay Anna it's", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00034-00006993-00007159": "a tactic you Widow along kapahala", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00035-00007161-00007321": "bastard three-minute interview", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00036-00007322-00007609": "Bangladesh Bangladeshi behavior on it", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00037-00007611-00007798": "nari Rita Oh John could have had a wish", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00038-00007800-00008003": "it's inkeater Along Came Annika giovani", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00039-00008004-00008183": "Charlotte Russe out of a shop", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00040-00008184-00008408": "deniability hero along a woodsman", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00041-00008409-00008651": "validation ultimate l2 female German", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00042-00008652-00008873": "capes in attack van after a show by this", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00043-00008874-00009026": "going to beat upon your home to nature", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00044-00009027-00009239": "to commit serving modeling and Pasha", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00045-00009240-00009460": "Pasha citrus avocado on is deathly", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00046-00009461-00009706": "attention as a knife or cationic unum", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00047-00009707-00009785": "like a bikini", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00048-00009786-00010042": "dictation guru mucho Chiquita ot food", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00049-00010043-00010296": "Timothy Evans mark NRI", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00050-00010297-00010548": "Genma heat Nero a lone hero a Lobel", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00051-00010549-00010614": "feminity", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00052-00010615-00010878": "habitable captain a Medel ot4 ashita mo", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00053-00010879-00011073": "Jun came in serving young females urban", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00054-00011074-00011310": "water team did a be traumatic to magic", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00055-00011311-00011514": "mud to Facebook active status and not", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00056-00011515-00011709": "from HR by the Danielson hero a", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00057-00011710-00011892": "lumpectomy tag Givenchy leadership", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00058-00011893-00012075": "repetitive teeny Monica rain hero", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00059-00012076-00012270": "Alabama traction protocol and man who", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00060-00012271-00012483": "starfish attacked me Shinichi Cairo on", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00061-00012484-00012690": "his good fortune to 18 years at the / BM", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00062-00012691-00012971": "Schwab okuni guna Neto a hero alum cave", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00063-00012972-00013155": "ketchup Robert jahida will take on a", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00064-00013156-00013397": "career marine in two chunky reserve in", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00065-00013399-00013616": "Monaco teen hero allocate a supermoto", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00066-00013618-00013860": "Joe CUDA cable Talia - do you wanna", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00067-00013861-00014040": "borrow her turbulent hero alone evam", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00068-00014041-00014181": "chunky means of anunnaki", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00069-00014182-00014349": "though Johnny doesn't pick whoo beep", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00070-00014350-00014538": "religion don't you join a fascist act", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00071-00014538-00014697": "upon layer they share a bomb they should", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00072-00014697-00014844": "abide a parrot are they pretty buggy", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00073-00014844-00015054": "Julie the department Joakim is urban", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00074-00015055-00015291": "music oh oh be burrito Dhabi Corleone as", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00075-00015291-00015507": "I era game rock guitar team chair Barbie", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00076-00015508-00015810": "who h'lo career coroner key 13 nation", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00077-00015811-00016005": "tolerates him into Sundari NRI", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00078-00016006-00016236": "aphanitic or bigoted Abuelita a coach in", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00079-00016237-00016467": "somatic Jupiter cotton Facebook get job", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00080-00016468-00016779": "given 788 status - wrong - only be dnews", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00081-00016780-00016977": "t6 a team Jala gates you look too many", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00082-00016978-00017184": "means of a negative with the news j60", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00083-00017185-00017379": "team K Jones means a been a cantata", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00084-00017380-00017580": "Trisha cut carry pollen dark jovani", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00085-00017581-00017793": "middle of it before sushi be linear each", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00086-00017794-00017943": "wave octopod cinema Demeter", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00087-00017944-00018216": "ba-ba-ba-boom - Sabich hey Johnny action", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00088-00018217-00018419": "hero Holloway Papa Joe he means a winner", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00089-00018420-00018660": "bash I didn't use th street image of her", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00090-00018661-00018869": "body video element to be shown burrito", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00091-00018870-00019137": "on iconic poster teeny Nucky that Victor", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00092-00019138-00019325": "gotta show my galoot a hero Alan gave up", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00093-00019326-00019491": "with a cake at the attack in chunky", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00094-00019492-00019700": "means having an M on Parliament rickety", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00095-00019701-00019956": "TV news chases - Kim Hinton tonight Tara", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00096-00019957-00020169": "Ava para Kosovo's - I read all of it", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00097-00020170-00020382": "in to Morocco at any beauty balm you", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00098-00020383-00020505": "know alone after shooting a", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00099-00020506-00020712": "third-generation multi-pane she can take", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00100-00020713-00020907": "a teeny to lose even more inertia car", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00101-00020908-00021090": "battleship urban a compulsion to cheek", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00102-00021091-00021288": "honey politician investor come on I owe", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00103-00021289-00021497": "you a low base quite intact when they", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00104-00021498-00021666": "should buy them jumpy misdemeanor car", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00105-00021667-00021819": "sticker Janet a hero along the", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00106-00021820-00022068": "Schiaparelli digital shop to Titanic II", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00107-00022069-00022275": "tell apropos Corbin hero a low-key", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00108-00022276-00022494": "jQuery hope that's even a hero alum", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00109-00022495-00022719": "hippity hopping and Asha prendre John", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00110-00022720-00022955": "team is up in a bow hero elevation for", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00111-00022956-00023157": "go on the Kakori Ajay Jim Kim is a", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00112-00023158-00023340": "vintage or Anita far away I'm a teen", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00113-00023341-00023538": "hero Alamelu moon hero along Teixeira", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00114-00023539-00023796": "debate JUnit observing a revolution or", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00115-00023797-00023997": "TV show kotatsu dancing I'll show you", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00116-00023998-00024150": "kiddy news since it's fish song with", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00117-00024151-00024384": "babish amp open note on go to beat in", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00118-00024385-00024578": "the air under two layers one ammidon for", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00119-00024579-00025242": "a birthday Jake on a videotape like", "SYfpyNBnVgg-00120-00025243-00025737": "comment or share for a video stasis dish"}}, {"audio_id": "SYlcFq8dlfM", "text": {"SYlcFq8dlfM-00000-00000117-00000623": "[Music]", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00001-00000624-00000927": "we're gonna pray in jesus name", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00002-00000927-00001158": "that jesus would change the world in", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00003-00001159-00001439": "every way to see his kingdom come with", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00004-00001440-00001639": "all the money we give and we got", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00005-00001639-00001918": "missionary vision to see all of the lost", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00006-00001919-00002191": "find that provision so we'll go into all", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00007-00002192-00002439": "the world and preach the good news", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00008-00002440-00002639": "go into all the world and preach the", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00009-00002640-00002926": "good news with every missionary we gonna", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00010-00002927-00003231": "carry the truth with every missionary we", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00011-00003232-00003486": "gonna carry the truth say all you are", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00012-00003488-00004931": "foreign", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00013-00004932-00005638": "[Music]", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00014-00005639-00005943": "jesus name that jesus would change the", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00015-00005944-00006206": "world in every way to see his kingdom", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00016-00006207-00006510": "come with all the money we given we got", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00017-00006511-00006791": "missionary vision to see all of the laws", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00018-00006792-00007039": "find their provisions so we'll go into", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00019-00007040-00007310": "all the world and preach the good news", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00020-00007311-00007510": "go into all the world and preach the", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00021-00007511-00007791": "good news with every missionary we gonna", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00022-00007792-00008095": "carry the truth with every missionary we", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00023-00008095-00009439": "gonna carry the truth we gonna pray", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00024-00009440-00010497": "every challenge", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00025-00010498-00011278": "[Music]", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00026-00011279-00011591": "and preach the good news go into all the", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00027-00011592-00011774": "world and preach the good news with", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00028-00011775-00012031": "every missionary we gonna carry the", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00029-00012032-00012310": "truth with every missionary we gonna", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00030-00012311-00012638": "carry the truth we gonna go into all the", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00031-00012639-00012855": "world and preach the good news", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00032-00012856-00013079": "go into all the world and preach the", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00033-00013080-00013358": "good news with every missionary we gonna", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00034-00013359-00013663": "carry the truth with every missionary we", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00035-00013663-00013919": "gonna carry the truth say all you up", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00036-00013919-00015343": "forever", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00037-00015344-00016735": "every challenge", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00038-00016736-00017086": "every challenge", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00039-00017087-00018172": "every challenge", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00040-00018173-00019086": "[Music]", "SYlcFq8dlfM-00041-00019087-00019295": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "SY-Y33BHVwg", "text": {"SY-Y33BHVwg-00000-00000143-00000491": "foreign", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00001-00000492-00001183": "[Music]", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00002-00001184-00001523": "ER the subject matter has been produced", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00003-00001524-00001798": "using AI technology and can in no way be", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00004-00001800-00002087": "employed and flat the AI works on", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00005-00002088-00002321": "articles and blogs so I may only be", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00006-00002322-00002525": "deemed as what others believe not", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00007-00002526-00002857": "necessarily the editor of this video", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00008-00002858-00003184": "this video is in no way intended as fact", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00009-00003185-00003517": "or intended to cause or distress", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00010-00003518-00003886": "value the dispymer is produced by Tony", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00011-00003888-00004397": "alternative music thank you", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00012-00004398-00004781": "the history of diamonds", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00013-00004782-00004991": "the first diamonds were found in India", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00014-00004992-00005483": "more than three thousand years ago", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00015-00005484-00005656": "the name Diamond comes from the Greek", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00016-00005657-00006185": "word adamus meaning Unbreakable", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00017-00006186-00006425": "diamonds were first used as tools rather", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00018-00006426-00006778": "than jewelry", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00019-00006779-00007001": "it wasn't until the 15th century that", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00020-00007002-00007198": "diamonds became popular as engagement in", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00021-00007200-00007589": "wedding rings", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00022-00007590-00007775": "the first recorded sale of a diamond", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00023-00007776-00008285": "engagement ring was in 1477.", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00024-00008286-00008501": "when Mary of burgundy married Maximilian", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00025-00008502-00008992": "the first the Holy Roman Emperor", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00026-00008993-00009178": "the engagement ring he gave her had a", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00027-00009179-00009587": "small diamond set in the center", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00028-00009588-00009796": "the modern Diamond industry began in the", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00029-00009797-00010024": "late 18th century in South Africa where", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00030-00010025-00010481": "a large deposit of diamonds was found", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00031-00010482-00010714": "the South African diamond mines produced", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00032-00010715-00010853": "more than two-thirds of the world's", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00033-00010854-00011291": "diamonds for most of the 20th century", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00034-00011292-00011501": "today diamonds are still a popular", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00035-00011502-00011669": "choice for engagement and wedding rings", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00036-00011670-00011873": "and are also used in other types of", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00037-00011874-00012185": "jewelry", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00038-00012186-00012346": "they are also used in industrial", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00039-00012347-00012581": "applications such as drill bits and saw", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00040-00012582-00012887": "blades", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00041-00012888-00013260": "the end", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00042-00013261-00015347": "[Music]", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00043-00015347-00015838": "foreign", "SY-Y33BHVwg-00044-00015840-00017556": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "SZafYvOsjAy", "text": {"SZafYvOsjAy-00000-00000032-00001739": "[Music]", "SZafYvOsjAy-00001-00001741-00001971": "you would like to tell you have an extra", "SZafYvOsjAy-00002-00001972-00002382": "man X on each", "SZafYvOsjAy-00003-00002383-00002407": "[Applause]", "SZafYvOsjAy-00004-00002408-00009669": "[Music]", "SZafYvOsjAy-00005-00009670-00010846": "[Music]", "SZafYvOsjAy-00006-00010847-00016874": "[Music]", "SZafYvOsjAy-00007-00016875-00017820": "[Music]", "SZafYvOsjAy-00008-00017821-00018167": "[Music]", "SZafYvOsjAy-00009-00018168-00018272": "you", "SZafYvOsjAy-00010-00018273-00019622": "[Music]", "SZafYvOsjAy-00011-00019623-00019811": "Oh", "SZafYvOsjAy-00012-00019812-00020118": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "SadPTnnKksY", "text": {"SadPTnnKksY-00000-00000049-00000287": "this article deals with the phonology of", "SadPTnnKksY-00001-00000288-00000540": "a vestan a vestan is one of the iranian", "SadPTnnKksY-00002-00000541-00000753": "languages and retained archaic voiced", "SadPTnnKksY-00003-00000754-00001007": "alveolar fricatives it also has", "SadPTnnKksY-00004-00001008-00001187": "fricatives rather than the aspirated", "SadPTnnKksY-00005-00001188-00001345": "series seen in the closely related", "SadPTnnKksY-00006-00001346-00002018": "indo-aryan languages", "SadPTnnKksY-00007-00002019-00002538": "topic consonants", "SadPTnnKksY-00008-00002539-00002823": "according to beaks and our allophones of", "SadPTnnKksY-00009-00002824-00003504": "theta and X respectively", "SadPTnnKksY-00010-00003505-00004085": "topic s versus RT", "SadPTnnKksY-00011-00004086-00004307": "a Vesta Ness continues indo-iranian", "SadPTnnKksY-00012-00004308-00004640": "asterisk RT its phonetic value and it's", "SadPTnnKksY-00013-00004641-00004874": "phonological status one or two phonemes", "SadPTnnKksY-00014-00004875-00005165": "are somewhat unclear the conditions", "SadPTnnKksY-00015-00005166-00005408": "under which change from RT to s occurs", "SadPTnnKksY-00016-00005409-00005696": "are fundamentally ill-defined thus for", "SadPTnnKksY-00017-00005697-00005927": "example gothic younger are dar de", "SadPTnnKksY-00018-00005928-00006161": "establish is a variant of ASA but as", "SadPTnnKksY-00019-00006162-00006352": "consistently written with RT", "SadPTnnKksY-00020-00006353-00006638": "similarly RT portion and aussi", "SadPTnnKksY-00021-00006639-00006725": "recompense", "SadPTnnKksY-00022-00006726-00006962": "but AMSA immortal is consistently", "SadPTnnKksY-00023-00006963-00007156": "written with s while Marta mortal is", "SadPTnnKksY-00024-00007158-00007448": "consistently written with RT in some", "SadPTnnKksY-00025-00007448-00007655": "instances a change is evident in only", "SadPTnnKksY-00026-00007656-00007960": "younger of estin for example the Gothic", "SadPTnnKksY-00027-00007961-00008267": "a vest in word for bridge is P Artem", "SadPTnnKksY-00028-00008268-00008444": "while in younger a vest in it assume", "SadPTnnKksY-00029-00008445-00008717": "both are singular accusative forms but", "SadPTnnKksY-00030-00008718-00008903": "when the word is singular nominative the", "SadPTnnKksY-00031-00008904-00009098": "younger a vest invariant as again and", "SadPTnnKksY-00032-00009099-00009401": "all but once with RT benveniste", "SadPTnnKksY-00033-00009402-00009662": "suggested s was only a convenient way of", "SadPTnnKksY-00034-00009663-00009910": "writing RT and should not be considered", "SadPTnnKksY-00035-00009911-00010196": "phonetically relevant according to GRA s", "SadPTnnKksY-00036-00010197-00010424": "as a miss reading representing our are", "SadPTnnKksY-00037-00010425-00010741": "of uncertain phonetic value but probably", "SadPTnnKksY-00038-00010742-00010961": "representing a voiceless our Miller", "SadPTnnKksY-00039-00010962-00011177": "follows the older suggestion that a vest", "SadPTnnKksY-00040-00011178-00011405": "in s represents a phoneme of its own for", "SadPTnnKksY-00041-00011406-00011644": "which he introduces the symbol R and", "SadPTnnKksY-00042-00011645-00011894": "identifies phonetically as are the", "SadPTnnKksY-00043-00011895-00012173": "voiceless Aleph own of check our he goes", "SadPTnnKksY-00044-00012174-00012407": "on to suggest that in writing RT was", "SadPTnnKksY-00045-00012408-00012589": "restored when a scribe was aware of a", "SadPTnnKksY-00046-00012590-00013337": "morpheme boundary between the R and T", "SadPTnnKksY-00047-00013338-00013840": "topic vowels", "SadPTnnKksY-00048-00013841-00014207": "you", "SadPTnnKksY-00049-00014208-00014749": "topic transcription", "SadPTnnKksY-00050-00014750-00014947": "there are various conventions for", "SadPTnnKksY-00051-00014947-00015208": "transliteration of DIN deborah we adopt", "SadPTnnKksY-00052-00015209-00015576": "the following one here vowels", "SadPTnnKksY-00053-00015577-00016236": "hey EEO oai iuu consonance kg gamma XX c", "SadPTnnKksY-00054-00016237-00016660": "td delta t HT PB beta F", "SadPTnnKksY-00055-00016661-00017200": "and my WRs zsz hthe glides Y&W are often", "SadPTnnKksY-00056-00017201-00017443": "transcribed as Ian uu imitating din", "SadPTnnKksY-00057-00017444-00017677": "Deborah orthography the letter", "SadPTnnKksY-00058-00017678-00017905": "transcribed D indicates an allophone of", "SadPTnnKksY-00059-00017906-00018106": "tea with no audible release at the end", "SadPTnnKksY-00060-00018107-00018487": "of a word and before certain obstacles"}}, {"audio_id": "SamLqYdIWlY", "text": {"SamLqYdIWlY-00000-00000016-00000271": "hi my name is malam t today's video is", "SamLqYdIWlY-00001-00000272-00000543": "an update on a video i made about", "SamLqYdIWlY-00002-00000544-00000839": "the hanging village that is shiari in", "SamLqYdIWlY-00003-00000840-00000911": "ghana", "SamLqYdIWlY-00004-00000911-00001150": "so i made this video close to six months", "SamLqYdIWlY-00005-00001151-00001223": "ago", "SamLqYdIWlY-00006-00001224-00001511": "that was when i visited the ut region", "SamLqYdIWlY-00007-00001512-00001679": "trying to discover", "SamLqYdIWlY-00008-00001680-00001982": "some tourist sites in the region and as", "SamLqYdIWlY-00009-00001984-00002151": "part of recommendations", "SamLqYdIWlY-00010-00002152-00002350": "shiari came up so i decided to pay a", "SamLqYdIWlY-00011-00002351-00002487": "visit to shiary", "SamLqYdIWlY-00012-00002488-00002775": "to see how the place was after also", "SamLqYdIWlY-00013-00002776-00002902": "seeing a picture", "SamLqYdIWlY-00014-00002903-00003110": "of their place i didn't really prepare", "SamLqYdIWlY-00015-00003111-00003319": "so much because i didn't anticipate", "SamLqYdIWlY-00016-00003320-00003551": "how the place was going to be before", "SamLqYdIWlY-00017-00003552-00003703": "like getting there so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00018-00003704-00003863": "i didn't really put a lot of planning", "SamLqYdIWlY-00019-00003864-00004006": "into my visit there", "SamLqYdIWlY-00020-00004007-00004319": "and i must say it was an", "SamLqYdIWlY-00021-00004320-00004535": "awesome experience as well as an awful", "SamLqYdIWlY-00022-00004536-00004638": "one because", "SamLqYdIWlY-00023-00004639-00004822": "at some point i wish i could you know", "SamLqYdIWlY-00024-00004823-00004967": "especially go see the first but", "SamLqYdIWlY-00025-00004968-00005118": "unfortunately i wasn't able to go see", "SamLqYdIWlY-00026-00005119-00005206": "the phone because", "SamLqYdIWlY-00027-00005207-00005447": "i was just trying to stay safe as much", "SamLqYdIWlY-00028-00005448-00005511": "as", "SamLqYdIWlY-00029-00005512-00005847": "i can ever since i made that video six", "SamLqYdIWlY-00030-00005848-00005927": "months ago", "SamLqYdIWlY-00031-00005928-00006199": "um the maximum views i had on a video", "SamLqYdIWlY-00032-00006200-00006238": "was", "SamLqYdIWlY-00033-00006239-00006623": "like 3.5 um that's 3.5 k or 3", "SamLqYdIWlY-00034-00006623-00006967": "500 views on the video so just about a", "SamLqYdIWlY-00035-00006968-00007151": "week ago i noticed that youtube was", "SamLqYdIWlY-00036-00007152-00007367": "recommending my video to a lot of people", "SamLqYdIWlY-00037-00007368-00007455": "which was", "SamLqYdIWlY-00038-00007456-00007670": "very interesting like something i'd done", "SamLqYdIWlY-00039-00007672-00007878": "about five months um five to six months", "SamLqYdIWlY-00040-00007879-00007919": "ago", "SamLqYdIWlY-00041-00007920-00008199": "this brought about a lot of views which", "SamLqYdIWlY-00042-00008200-00008271": "i found", "SamLqYdIWlY-00043-00008272-00008551": "very interesting i don't know how come", "SamLqYdIWlY-00044-00008552-00008742": "their algorithm decided to you know", "SamLqYdIWlY-00045-00008743-00008999": "favor that particular video but it was", "SamLqYdIWlY-00046-00009000-00009135": "very interesting um", "SamLqYdIWlY-00047-00009136-00009446": "seeing that so um from 3.5k", "SamLqYdIWlY-00048-00009447-00009759": "to almost 60k like 60 000", "SamLqYdIWlY-00049-00009760-00010055": "views that's that's very mind-blowing i", "SamLqYdIWlY-00050-00010056-00010231": "didn't really anticipate that and", "SamLqYdIWlY-00051-00010232-00010438": "i must say i'm very very thankful to all", "SamLqYdIWlY-00052-00010439-00010591": "of you who have seen the video", "SamLqYdIWlY-00053-00010592-00010759": "share your comments share it with other", "SamLqYdIWlY-00054-00010760-00010919": "people i'm so much", "SamLqYdIWlY-00055-00010920-00011231": "so so so much thankful now", "SamLqYdIWlY-00056-00011232-00011391": "um a lot of people who have watched", "SamLqYdIWlY-00057-00011392-00011535": "their video um", "SamLqYdIWlY-00058-00011536-00011791": "left you know comments and um out of the", "SamLqYdIWlY-00059-00011792-00011951": "comments i trust much as possible to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00060-00011952-00012014": "respond to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00061-00012015-00012151": "almost all your comments i think i've", "SamLqYdIWlY-00062-00012152-00012367": "responded to almost all the comments and", "SamLqYdIWlY-00063-00012368-00012478": "that's me i", "SamLqYdIWlY-00064-00012479-00012646": "i just like to you know respond to post", "SamLqYdIWlY-00065-00012647-00012886": "comments not to keep them waiting", "SamLqYdIWlY-00066-00012887-00013079": "or i'm getting there just expecting", "SamLqYdIWlY-00067-00013080-00013215": "feedback anyway so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00068-00013216-00013447": "um as part of the comments i've had uh", "SamLqYdIWlY-00069-00013447-00013551": "almost um", "SamLqYdIWlY-00070-00013552-00013855": "or or majority of them are positive ones", "SamLqYdIWlY-00071-00013856-00014047": "and they are a question or you guys are", "SamLqYdIWlY-00072-00014047-00014215": "requesting for more so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00073-00014216-00014430": "um the video i did at first was just to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00074-00014431-00014591": "showcase or talk about the place but", "SamLqYdIWlY-00075-00014591-00014703": "this time around", "SamLqYdIWlY-00076-00014704-00014927": "uh most people are suggesting that if", "SamLqYdIWlY-00077-00014928-00015127": "possible make another video go back to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00078-00015128-00015215": "the place", "SamLqYdIWlY-00079-00015216-00015407": "try to find out from them some of the", "SamLqYdIWlY-00080-00015408-00015519": "challenges that", "SamLqYdIWlY-00081-00015519-00015863": "they face and if the community can help", "SamLqYdIWlY-00082-00015863-00016022": "you guys are going to make it possible", "SamLqYdIWlY-00083-00016023-00016191": "to bring that to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00084-00016191-00016519": "reality which i find very very cool", "SamLqYdIWlY-00085-00016520-00016822": "very very um like a very good idea so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00086-00016823-00017071": "i'm looking at going back to shari to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00087-00017072-00017239": "make a different video this time around", "SamLqYdIWlY-00088-00017240-00017430": "is going to be a in a form of a", "SamLqYdIWlY-00089-00017431-00017583": "documentary i don't know if you've seen", "SamLqYdIWlY-00090-00017584-00017807": "my um some of the challenges we face", "SamLqYdIWlY-00091-00017808-00017975": "um like what are challenges we face in", "SamLqYdIWlY-00092-00017976-00018214": "ghana video if not you can check out our", "SamLqYdIWlY-00093-00018215-00018358": "card section at the top so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00094-00018359-00018550": "you get to have an idea about what i'm", "SamLqYdIWlY-00095-00018551-00018663": "talking about so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00096-00018664-00018767": "this time around looking at a", "SamLqYdIWlY-00097-00018768-00019039": "documentary which is going to be planned", "SamLqYdIWlY-00098-00019040-00019214": "i'm going to share we try to find out", "SamLqYdIWlY-00099-00019215-00019383": "from the people living and sharing some", "SamLqYdIWlY-00100-00019384-00019439": "of the", "SamLqYdIWlY-00101-00019440-00019758": "challenges they face then i come back", "SamLqYdIWlY-00102-00019759-00020063": "share with you uh in a video um", "SamLqYdIWlY-00103-00020064-00020375": "with all those challenges um listed or", "SamLqYdIWlY-00104-00020376-00020583": "outlined and then we are going to decide", "SamLqYdIWlY-00105-00020584-00020671": "together", "SamLqYdIWlY-00106-00020672-00020839": "what we think it will be possible for", "SamLqYdIWlY-00107-00020840-00021055": "the community to come together to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00108-00021056-00021247": "support to make a reality it could be a", "SamLqYdIWlY-00109-00021248-00021439": "school it could be a hospital it could", "SamLqYdIWlY-00110-00021440-00021694": "be maybe a borehole whatever it is", "SamLqYdIWlY-00111-00021695-00021871": "that i've um find out from the people", "SamLqYdIWlY-00112-00021872-00022078": "even in shari i'm going to share with", "SamLqYdIWlY-00113-00022079-00022191": "you that we decide", "SamLqYdIWlY-00114-00022192-00022391": "on how we are going to go about it so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00115-00022392-00022567": "then a word would", "SamLqYdIWlY-00116-00022568-00022750": "call for donations i'm still trying to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00117-00022751-00022919": "figure out what medium you can use for", "SamLqYdIWlY-00118-00022920-00023007": "donations", "SamLqYdIWlY-00119-00023008-00023183": "then we go ahead to embark on this", "SamLqYdIWlY-00120-00023184-00023367": "particular course so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00121-00023368-00023567": "as and now um ways by which you can", "SamLqYdIWlY-00122-00023568-00023735": "donate edge to paypal so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00123-00023736-00023950": "in the description of this video there's", "SamLqYdIWlY-00124-00023951-00024207": "my paypal id there as well as", "SamLqYdIWlY-00125-00024208-00024430": "pay stack uh paystack hasn't been so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00126-00024431-00024567": "much effective so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00127-00024568-00024807": "i i would leave my number at some point", "SamLqYdIWlY-00128-00024808-00024903": "of this video so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00129-00024904-00025111": "you get to know how you can contribute", "SamLqYdIWlY-00130-00025112-00025319": "as part of the contributions this is how", "SamLqYdIWlY-00131-00025320-00025463": "i'm looking at making everything", "SamLqYdIWlY-00132-00025464-00025678": "transparent whatever amount is going to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00133-00025679-00025887": "be contributed by whoever it is i'm", "SamLqYdIWlY-00134-00025888-00026031": "looking at publishing", "SamLqYdIWlY-00135-00026032-00026223": "the names as well as the amount unless", "SamLqYdIWlY-00136-00026224-00026383": "of course you request to be", "SamLqYdIWlY-00137-00026383-00026614": "to stay anonymous then that is totally", "SamLqYdIWlY-00138-00026616-00026735": "fine but if not", "SamLqYdIWlY-00139-00026736-00027023": "the names of um the donuts are going to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00140-00027024-00027055": "be", "SamLqYdIWlY-00141-00027056-00027246": "you know published everyone is going to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00142-00027247-00027383": "see their names so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00143-00027383-00027558": "if your name is not captured in there", "SamLqYdIWlY-00144-00027560-00027735": "then you can draw attention and then we", "SamLqYdIWlY-00145-00027736-00028023": "rectify that and then aside that um", "SamLqYdIWlY-00146-00028024-00028223": "whatever expenses is going to be made", "SamLqYdIWlY-00147-00028224-00028390": "for whatever project it is", "SamLqYdIWlY-00148-00028391-00028599": "it's going to be kept transparent", "SamLqYdIWlY-00149-00028600-00028758": "everyone is going to see", "SamLqYdIWlY-00150-00028760-00029007": "um whatever like is going on and", "SamLqYdIWlY-00151-00029008-00029079": "everything", "SamLqYdIWlY-00152-00029080-00029302": "and after everything has been done i'm", "SamLqYdIWlY-00153-00029304-00029479": "also looking at a situation where either", "SamLqYdIWlY-00154-00029480-00029558": "we publish", "SamLqYdIWlY-00155-00029560-00029767": "the names of all those who contributed", "SamLqYdIWlY-00156-00029768-00029935": "like we do something or all the", "SamLqYdIWlY-00157-00029936-00030079": "subscribers i don't know", "SamLqYdIWlY-00158-00030080-00030279": "these are just thoughts that um have", "SamLqYdIWlY-00159-00030280-00030423": "come into mind that i'm sharing with you", "SamLqYdIWlY-00160-00030424-00030574": "so you can also let me know how we can", "SamLqYdIWlY-00161-00030575-00030758": "go about some of these things so that", "SamLqYdIWlY-00162-00030760-00031007": "we all feel a part of this i honestly", "SamLqYdIWlY-00163-00031008-00031151": "appreciate you guys for", "SamLqYdIWlY-00164-00031152-00031311": "the suggestions and everything so i", "SamLqYdIWlY-00165-00031312-00031543": "really want us all to come together to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00166-00031544-00031846": "make this happen so then it won't just", "SamLqYdIWlY-00167-00031847-00031887": "be", "SamLqYdIWlY-00168-00031888-00032183": "creating a content but also um leaving", "SamLqYdIWlY-00169-00032183-00032262": "positive", "SamLqYdIWlY-00170-00032263-00032527": "impact in people's lives and our own", "SamLqYdIWlY-00171-00032527-00032655": "communities so that's", "SamLqYdIWlY-00172-00032656-00032902": "one of the things i'm thinking about and", "SamLqYdIWlY-00173-00032903-00032999": "also", "SamLqYdIWlY-00174-00033000-00033207": "i'm going to shari i'm looking at it in", "SamLqYdIWlY-00175-00033208-00033399": "two ways so see that i go with my team", "SamLqYdIWlY-00176-00033400-00033583": "to make that documentary", "SamLqYdIWlY-00177-00033584-00033815": "or i go with a lot of you out there who", "SamLqYdIWlY-00178-00033816-00033918": "have shown interest", "SamLqYdIWlY-00179-00033919-00034174": "wanting to visit this particular place", "SamLqYdIWlY-00180-00034175-00034335": "so if you're interested in visiting this", "SamLqYdIWlY-00181-00034336-00034471": "place what i'll need from you", "SamLqYdIWlY-00182-00034472-00034687": "is i need you to confirm that you really", "SamLqYdIWlY-00183-00034688-00034855": "want to visit this place", "SamLqYdIWlY-00184-00034856-00035079": "so it helps us get the total number of", "SamLqYdIWlY-00185-00035080-00035159": "people uh", "SamLqYdIWlY-00186-00035160-00035407": "make provisions for accommodation", "SamLqYdIWlY-00187-00035408-00035607": "transportation as well as feeding", "SamLqYdIWlY-00188-00035608-00035767": "and then deciding when we are going to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00189-00035768-00035911": "visit this place and when we are going", "SamLqYdIWlY-00190-00035912-00035983": "to return", "SamLqYdIWlY-00191-00035984-00036159": "and if there is a possibility to visit", "SamLqYdIWlY-00192-00036160-00036287": "other places so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00193-00036288-00036527": "one of the places that i i really want", "SamLqYdIWlY-00194-00036528-00036623": "to go to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00195-00036624-00036823": "i'm doing my next trip to sherry is", "SamLqYdIWlY-00196-00036824-00036983": "chilling so i learned chalenga", "SamLqYdIWlY-00197-00036984-00037246": "is like about an hour walk away from", "SamLqYdIWlY-00198-00037247-00037327": "sherry so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00199-00037328-00037511": "you saw that path where that needs the", "SamLqYdIWlY-00200-00037512-00037639": "pub that leads to the", "SamLqYdIWlY-00201-00037640-00037790": "waterfalls i couldn't get to it's", "SamLqYdIWlY-00202-00037791-00038055": "actually the same path that leads to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00203-00038056-00038271": "chalenga so i'm looking forward to be", "SamLqYdIWlY-00204-00038272-00038487": "able to visit chalenga also doing this", "SamLqYdIWlY-00205-00038488-00038567": "particular", "SamLqYdIWlY-00206-00038568-00038702": "trip i'm talking about so if you are", "SamLqYdIWlY-00207-00038703-00038918": "interested in visiting kindly", "SamLqYdIWlY-00208-00038919-00039207": "um send me an email looking at the email", "SamLqYdIWlY-00209-00039208-00039327": "in the description of this meal or", "SamLqYdIWlY-00210-00039328-00039446": "that's an ishmael", "SamLqYdIWlY-00211-00039447-00039630": "at gmail.com that's the email you can", "SamLqYdIWlY-00212-00039631-00039790": "send your emails to or", "SamLqYdIWlY-00213-00039791-00040062": "you can also call zero five four seven", "SamLqYdIWlY-00214-00040063-00040102": "six", "SamLqYdIWlY-00215-00040103-00040423": "five eight five two three zero five four", "SamLqYdIWlY-00216-00040424-00040462": "seven", "SamLqYdIWlY-00217-00040463-00040718": "six five eight five two three this is my", "SamLqYdIWlY-00218-00040719-00040830": "personal contact", "SamLqYdIWlY-00219-00040831-00041062": "you can always call me but unfortunately", "SamLqYdIWlY-00220-00041063-00041199": "it's not what's up so you can't", "SamLqYdIWlY-00221-00041200-00041399": "tap me on this particular number so you", "SamLqYdIWlY-00222-00041400-00041511": "can call me", "SamLqYdIWlY-00223-00041512-00041687": "if you have any ideas you want to share", "SamLqYdIWlY-00224-00041688-00041846": "if you're interested in visiting or", "SamLqYdIWlY-00225-00041847-00042030": "participating this particular trip", "SamLqYdIWlY-00226-00042031-00042207": "you can let me know of course there's", "SamLqYdIWlY-00227-00042208-00042374": "going to be some cost involved because", "SamLqYdIWlY-00228-00042375-00042558": "we have to cater for transportation", "SamLqYdIWlY-00229-00042559-00042895": "accommodation feeding and so on so then", "SamLqYdIWlY-00230-00042896-00043079": "we're able to plan it well i'm not a", "SamLqYdIWlY-00231-00043080-00043239": "total number and then", "SamLqYdIWlY-00232-00043240-00043415": "know how we are going to embark on this", "SamLqYdIWlY-00233-00043416-00043662": "particular trip so this is basically an", "SamLqYdIWlY-00234-00043663-00043855": "update on my shari um", "SamLqYdIWlY-00235-00043856-00044158": "video i thank you very much to all of", "SamLqYdIWlY-00236-00044159-00044415": "you out there who made it a point or who", "SamLqYdIWlY-00237-00044416-00044551": "have made it a point to", "SamLqYdIWlY-00238-00044552-00044846": "um watch my video share it others and so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00239-00044847-00044935": "i'm so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00240-00044936-00045151": "so much thankful i must say that um", "SamLqYdIWlY-00241-00045152-00045358": "within this past week which", "SamLqYdIWlY-00242-00045359-00045599": "there's been spike in the total number", "SamLqYdIWlY-00243-00045600-00045783": "of views there's also been a spike in", "SamLqYdIWlY-00244-00045784-00045951": "the total number of subscribers so our", "SamLqYdIWlY-00245-00045952-00046135": "current subscriber count", "SamLqYdIWlY-00246-00046136-00046455": "is close to four thousand just some few", "SamLqYdIWlY-00247-00046456-00046695": "um your numbers to join to reach four", "SamLqYdIWlY-00248-00046696-00046767": "thousand", "SamLqYdIWlY-00249-00046768-00046927": "i don't even know if it's four thousand", "SamLqYdIWlY-00250-00046928-00047102": "now probably it could be four thousand", "SamLqYdIWlY-00251-00047103-00047143": "but", "SamLqYdIWlY-00252-00047144-00047446": "that's the current subscriber count and", "SamLqYdIWlY-00253-00047447-00047807": "also i promise to make my subscribers um", "SamLqYdIWlY-00254-00047808-00048118": "public once uh we reached five thousand", "SamLqYdIWlY-00255-00048119-00048158": "so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00256-00048159-00048327": "kindly subscribe to this channel if you", "SamLqYdIWlY-00257-00048328-00048462": "haven't subscribed yet", "SamLqYdIWlY-00258-00048463-00048623": "share it to others your family your", "SamLqYdIWlY-00259-00048624-00048823": "friends almost everyone let's reach five", "SamLqYdIWlY-00260-00048824-00048895": "thousand", "SamLqYdIWlY-00261-00048896-00049127": "let's um you know um get to support each", "SamLqYdIWlY-00262-00049128-00049327": "other especially with your suggestions", "SamLqYdIWlY-00263-00049328-00049511": "with your ideas with your comments", "SamLqYdIWlY-00264-00049512-00049767": "and so on so that we get to you know be", "SamLqYdIWlY-00265-00049768-00049927": "together as one community making a lot", "SamLqYdIWlY-00266-00049928-00050015": "of things", "SamLqYdIWlY-00267-00050016-00050327": "possible for the communities um we find", "SamLqYdIWlY-00268-00050328-00050590": "ourselves into that has to do with the", "SamLqYdIWlY-00269-00050591-00050790": "views as well as the subscribers", "SamLqYdIWlY-00270-00050791-00051007": "and also the trip to shia so i'm looking", "SamLqYdIWlY-00271-00051008-00051127": "at some time within", "SamLqYdIWlY-00272-00051128-00051350": "april um currently much i'm looking at", "SamLqYdIWlY-00273-00051351-00051487": "sometime next month which is", "SamLqYdIWlY-00274-00051488-00051663": "april so if you're really interested", "SamLqYdIWlY-00275-00051664-00051830": "i'll be very glad if you could get in", "SamLqYdIWlY-00276-00051832-00052007": "touch as soon as possible", "SamLqYdIWlY-00277-00052008-00052207": "and then we could um plan everything out", "SamLqYdIWlY-00278-00052208-00052375": "before uh the trip", "SamLqYdIWlY-00279-00052376-00052623": "itself happens so so that is just about", "SamLqYdIWlY-00280-00052624-00052782": "it for this video in case you haven't", "SamLqYdIWlY-00281-00052783-00052966": "subscribed to this channel yet kindly go", "SamLqYdIWlY-00282-00052967-00053126": "ahead and hit on the subscribe button", "SamLqYdIWlY-00283-00053127-00053287": "and i don't forget to hit on the bell so", "SamLqYdIWlY-00284-00053288-00053542": "that anytime i have a new video", "SamLqYdIWlY-00285-00053544-00053735": "you get to see it so once again my name", "SamLqYdIWlY-00286-00053736-00053847": "is malamute", "SamLqYdIWlY-00287-00053848-00054144": "i'll see you in the next one"}}, {"audio_id": "SaNyphYSaPc", "text": {"SaNyphYSaPc-00000-00001537-00001884": "and the last class we were looking at", "SaNyphYSaPc-00001-00001885-00002421": "the governing equation for dynamics and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00002-00002422-00002817": "we had in fact derived a very general", "SaNyphYSaPc-00003-00002818-00003181": "expression for a body where the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00004-00003182-00003661": "coordinates are centered but it's say CG", "SaNyphYSaPc-00005-00003661-00004011": "location for example and that we said", "SaNyphYSaPc-00006-00004013-00004203": "this is the body centered coordinates", "SaNyphYSaPc-00007-00004204-00004534": "okay we looked at the inertial frame of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00008-00004535-00004846": "reference and we also found out that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00009-00004847-00005152": "there are some additional terms that are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00010-00005153-00005368": "required especially when the body", "SaNyphYSaPc-00011-00005369-00005596": "centered coordinates in other words", "SaNyphYSaPc-00012-00005597-00005863": "which is attached to the body of say for", "SaNyphYSaPc-00013-00005864-00006184": "example vehicle and if it now starts", "SaNyphYSaPc-00014-00006185-00006406": "moving the vehicle starts moving as well", "SaNyphYSaPc-00015-00006406-00006613": "as it's rotating and so on the body", "SaNyphYSaPc-00016-00006614-00006867": "centered coordinates also rotates along", "SaNyphYSaPc-00017-00006868-00007402": "with it and hence certain changes are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00018-00007403-00007663": "needed okay some additional terms are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00019-00007664-00008095": "required in order that we take into", "SaNyphYSaPc-00020-00008095-00008383": "account this motion of the body right", "SaNyphYSaPc-00021-00008384-00008563": "this is what we said and we derived a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00022-00008564-00008862": "very general three three dimensional", "SaNyphYSaPc-00023-00008863-00009220": "expression right four for this body", "SaNyphYSaPc-00024-00009221-00009382": "center coordinates you would have", "SaNyphYSaPc-00025-00009383-00009559": "studied this in in dynamics anyway", "SaNyphYSaPc-00026-00009560-00009748": "that's a refresher what I'm going to do", "SaNyphYSaPc-00027-00009749-00009925": "is that some of the things which you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00028-00009926-00010084": "would have studied anyway we'll go back", "SaNyphYSaPc-00029-00010085-00010348": "and just refresh it a bit so that you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00030-00010349-00010549": "will know that I'm going to apply what", "SaNyphYSaPc-00031-00010550-00010653": "you had studied before", "SaNyphYSaPc-00032-00010654-00010803": "I'm going to do that for example you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00033-00010804-00010924": "would have done a course on control", "SaNyphYSaPc-00034-00010925-00011131": "systems I'm going to do that again here", "SaNyphYSaPc-00035-00011132-00011337": "in today's lecture", "SaNyphYSaPc-00036-00011338-00011788": "all right so ultimately as usual usually", "SaNyphYSaPc-00037-00011789-00012001": "the case in engineering you you you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00038-00012002-00012274": "start with a grand you know equation and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00039-00012275-00012568": "then slowly say that you know this I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00040-00012569-00012727": "will neglect that I will neglect this I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00041-00012728-00012880": "will neglect that I will neglect so that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00042-00012881-00013210": "you know it altom utley becomes so to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00043-00013211-00013477": "say handleable okay so that you don't", "SaNyphYSaPc-00044-00013478-00013711": "lose the physics at the same time the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00045-00013712-00013980": "equations are simple this is a usual", "SaNyphYSaPc-00046-00013981-00014293": "fact of life in engineering so we will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00047-00014294-00014691": "write that that way okay for what is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00048-00014693-00014752": "called a sub", "SaNyphYSaPc-00049-00014753-00014974": "bicycle model so that's the bicycle", "SaNyphYSaPc-00050-00014975-00015400": "model which we had just started okay so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00051-00015401-00015703": "what what I told I will please remember", "SaNyphYSaPc-00052-00015704-00015922": "what I said in the last class that I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00053-00015922-00016230": "going to collapse the two wheels okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00054-00016231-00016621": "into one board in the front and the rear", "SaNyphYSaPc-00055-00016622-00016852": "hence it looks like a bicycle so it's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00056-00016853-00017011": "called a bicycle model nothing to do", "SaNyphYSaPc-00057-00017012-00017308": "with actual bicycle stability of bicycle", "SaNyphYSaPc-00058-00017309-00017443": "and so on it's just called a bicycle", "SaNyphYSaPc-00059-00017444-00017655": "model because it has two wheels collapse", "SaNyphYSaPc-00060-00017656-00017941": "the two wheels into one be the result of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00061-00017942-00018442": "collapsing this is to reduce the degrees", "SaNyphYSaPc-00062-00018443-00018892": "of freedom okay so I'm going to look at", "SaNyphYSaPc-00063-00018893-00019252": "this with or in other words the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00064-00019253-00019650": "equations that I would write down with", "SaNyphYSaPc-00065-00019651-00020725": "consists of V and R where R is the yaw", "SaNyphYSaPc-00066-00020726-00021100": "rate right so we already said that R is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00067-00021101-00021409": "going to be the yeah right right we are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00068-00021410-00021535": "going to look at a system where use a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00069-00021536-00021760": "constant in other words steady state u", "SaNyphYSaPc-00070-00021761-00021897": "is equal to a constant u we are not", "SaNyphYSaPc-00071-00021898-00022087": "going to beta U and want to write down", "SaNyphYSaPc-00072-00022088-00022515": "all the equations in terms of V and R in", "SaNyphYSaPc-00073-00022516-00022833": "other words my differential equation", "SaNyphYSaPc-00074-00022834-00023188": "which I'm going to reduce that that huge", "SaNyphYSaPc-00075-00023189-00023506": "guy six equations in two simple two", "SaNyphYSaPc-00076-00023507-00023781": "equations okay so I'm going to write", "SaNyphYSaPc-00077-00023782-00024342": "down that equation in two I set r dot", "SaNyphYSaPc-00078-00024343-00024658": "what is is't r r dot it's equal to tau", "SaNyphYSaPc-00079-00024659-00025015": "it is the yaw which is perpendicular to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00080-00025016-00025347": "the plane of the board okay so for that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00081-00025348-00025693": "I need to put down the forces so that's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00082-00025694-00026077": "the force F alpha R let me", "SaNyphYSaPc-00083-00026077-00026476": "okay FR r therefore F alpha Y alpha R", "SaNyphYSaPc-00084-00026477-00026911": "because as I told you before alpha R is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00085-00026912-00027295": "the slip angle and F alpha R is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00086-00027295-00027910": "result of this alpha the same fashion we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00087-00027911-00028137": "will put down a force that's acting", "SaNyphYSaPc-00088-00028138-00028525": "in the front and we call this as f alpha", "SaNyphYSaPc-00089-00028526-00029115": "F these angles are very small so I'll", "SaNyphYSaPc-00090-00029116-00029782": "make lot of again assumptions there the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00091-00029783-00029995": "whole idea most of the time is to is to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00092-00029995-00030427": "bring down the equations to to a linear", "SaNyphYSaPc-00093-00030427-00030777": "range the whole question in engineering", "SaNyphYSaPc-00094-00030779-00031020": "is whether that assumption is valid", "SaNyphYSaPc-00095-00031022-00031219": "whether are you really operating in the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00096-00031220-00031519": "linear range and so on okay sometimes", "SaNyphYSaPc-00097-00031520-00031677": "you won't be and that's where your", "SaNyphYSaPc-00098-00031679-00031882": "judgment matters let's finish this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00099-00031883-00032062": "expressions and then we will come back", "SaNyphYSaPc-00100-00032063-00032383": "to we will take the questions okay now", "SaNyphYSaPc-00101-00032383-00032539": "let's look at the front so this is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00102-00032539-00032749": "alpha or this is the air fault fire", "SaNyphYSaPc-00103-00032750-00033012": "let's look at the front the front you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00104-00033013-00033214": "have hope this is not a very confusing", "SaNyphYSaPc-00105-00033215-00033583": "picture maybe I will use a chalk piece", "SaNyphYSaPc-00106-00033584-00034039": "so I have first look at that so that is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00107-00034040-00034417": "what is the steering angle I have given", "SaNyphYSaPc-00108-00034418-00034765": "okay so that green one is the steering", "SaNyphYSaPc-00109-00034766-00035506": "angle okay I have no this is not I am", "SaNyphYSaPc-00110-00035507-00035815": "NOT steering that really it's possible", "SaNyphYSaPc-00111-00035816-00035950": "to do that there are a lot of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00112-00035951-00036177": "interesting things that happen when you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00113-00036178-00036436": "can steer the rear wheel as well for", "SaNyphYSaPc-00114-00036437-00036679": "example if you have huge in a vehicles", "SaNyphYSaPc-00115-00036680-00036931": "for for example vehicles which are used", "SaNyphYSaPc-00116-00036932-00037159": "by space agencies now where they want to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00117-00037160-00037471": "transport the the Rockets which have to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00118-00037472-00037648": "be launched so you would see that there", "SaNyphYSaPc-00119-00037649-00038014": "are 32 axis okay are 64 X's huge ones", "SaNyphYSaPc-00120-00038015-00038281": "where you can't obviously drive them", "SaNyphYSaPc-00121-00038282-00038662": "it's only one driven axle steered axle", "SaNyphYSaPc-00122-00038663-00038914": "so so it has to be more than one you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00123-00038915-00039027": "know the problem becomes very", "SaNyphYSaPc-00124-00039028-00039160": "interesting well let's not get into all", "SaNyphYSaPc-00125-00039161-00039325": "that we are only looking at now the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00126-00039326-00039718": "front axle steered wake so that's the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00127-00039719-00040276": "Alpha R and the Alpha R okay sorry Delta", "SaNyphYSaPc-00128-00040277-00040626": "R which is the Delta F brother or Delta", "SaNyphYSaPc-00129-00040627-00040981": "okay and that since I have to develop a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00130-00040982-00041049": "force", "SaNyphYSaPc-00131-00041050-00041460": "note that that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00132-00041461-00041740": "force requirement is that the week I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00133-00041741-00041992": "develop a slip angle which I call us", "SaNyphYSaPc-00134-00041993-00042439": "call us alpha F right that's the slip", "SaNyphYSaPc-00135-00042440-00042685": "angle so with the result that I get the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00136-00042686-00043785": "force which is f alpha F okay so let's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00137-00043786-00044209": "we can okay we good we will keep that as", "SaNyphYSaPc-00138-00044210-00044533": "alpha F and alpha or if you want front Y", "SaNyphYSaPc-00139-00044534-00044846": "and that will be easier this is you have", "SaNyphYSaPc-00140-00044847-00045384": "front in the y direction and we have", "SaNyphYSaPc-00141-00045385-00045643": "front I'm sorry we're in the y direction", "SaNyphYSaPc-00142-00045644-00045859": "either way you can you can call this as", "SaNyphYSaPc-00143-00045860-00046174": "alpha R or doesn't matter as long as you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00144-00046175-00046326": "understand what we are talking about", "SaNyphYSaPc-00145-00046327-00046826": "okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00146-00046827-00047151": "no no no this is the turning please note", "SaNyphYSaPc-00147-00047152-00047421": "that please understand the the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00148-00047422-00047541": "coordinate system we're going to take a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00149-00047542-00047661": "turn okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00150-00047662-00047949": "this is some sort of a plan view okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00151-00047950-00048090": "you're looking at X&Y", "SaNyphYSaPc-00152-00048091-00048750": "okay and that's X Y and the Z is into", "SaNyphYSaPc-00153-00048751-00049032": "the ground right that's the that's a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00154-00049033-00049182": "coordinate so you're looking at a plan", "SaNyphYSaPc-00155-00049183-00049557": "view of the week right so obviously Y is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00156-00049558-00049944": "a centripetal force so this is equal to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00157-00049945-00050370": "the moment okay so what is that yeah", "SaNyphYSaPc-00158-00050371-00051225": "into F Y front or f YF let's it's easy", "SaNyphYSaPc-00159-00051226-00051429": "to call that as FY f because many books", "SaNyphYSaPc-00160-00051429-00051609": "the problem why I'm writing like this is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00161-00051610-00051789": "because we follow a textbook then you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00162-00051790-00051941": "would have given different terminology", "SaNyphYSaPc-00163-00051942-00052136": "to understand that clearly yeah I have", "SaNyphYSaPc-00164-00052137-00052955": "minus B into F Y okay Y in the rear", "SaNyphYSaPc-00165-00052957-00053330": "direction right so what's the second", "SaNyphYSaPc-00166-00053332-00053675": "expression it is go back and look at", "SaNyphYSaPc-00167-00053676-00054270": "what we are done yum v dot plus R u so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00168-00054271-00054491": "it's not MV dot because of the body", "SaNyphYSaPc-00169-00054492-00054888": "centered coordinates MV dot plus R U and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00170-00054889-00055875": "that is equal to FY f plus okay so these", "SaNyphYSaPc-00171-00055876-00056103": "are the two expressions we have now I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00172-00056104-00056529": "going to use again the dynamics with", "SaNyphYSaPc-00173-00056529-00056826": "along with geometry in order to write", "SaNyphYSaPc-00174-00056827-00057315": "down Delta s and so on now let me define", "SaNyphYSaPc-00175-00057316-00057546": "a new term I hope you're not confused", "SaNyphYSaPc-00176-00057547-00057753": "with that okay which I would call as", "SaNyphYSaPc-00177-00057754-00058271": "beta", "SaNyphYSaPc-00178-00058272-00058545": "obviously there is there is a V there's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00179-00058546-00058691": "a you okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00180-00058692-00059129": "and hence vehicle actually moves along", "SaNyphYSaPc-00181-00059130-00059559": "this angle beta okay that is the angle", "SaNyphYSaPc-00182-00059560-00060791": "beta and beta is called as the vehicle", "SaNyphYSaPc-00183-00060792-00061683": "slip angle called beta as the vehicle", "SaNyphYSaPc-00184-00061684-00061979": "slippin", "SaNyphYSaPc-00185-00061979-00062448": "obviously from this diagram okay so you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00186-00062449-00063201": "have you you have that angle beta and so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00187-00063202-00064539": "that is V so tan beta is equal to P by", "SaNyphYSaPc-00188-00064540-00065199": "right okay now let us look at alpha now", "SaNyphYSaPc-00189-00065200-00065697": "I have a R RS now what is your R we said", "SaNyphYSaPc-00190-00065698-00066015": "that it is say you're right okay so if I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00191-00066016-00066414": "have to write down the velocity at the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00192-00066415-00066624": "rear this is the velocity V and you are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00193-00066625-00066960": "at the CG location okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00194-00066961-00067116": "hence if I have to write down the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00195-00067117-00067638": "velocity at the rear what would be the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00196-00067639-00067959": "velocity there would be look at this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00197-00067960-00068280": "there would be a velocity which is due", "SaNyphYSaPc-00198-00068281-00068835": "to R which is B into R B into R right", "SaNyphYSaPc-00199-00068836-00069219": "that would be I just put that here and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00200-00069220-00069447": "then transfer it there so that would be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00201-00069448-00070299": "in this direction right B into R there", "SaNyphYSaPc-00202-00070300-00070599": "will be a velocity which is V in this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00203-00070600-00070998": "direction that mere P in this direction", "SaNyphYSaPc-00204-00070999-00071109": "okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00205-00071110-00071415": "so B into R is due to R and V is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00206-00071416-00071589": "velocity so when you transfer the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00207-00071590-00071955": "velocity it becomes V okay and B are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00208-00071956-00072194": "since it is in the opposite direction", "SaNyphYSaPc-00209-00072195-00072537": "okay I can write that as so in this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00210-00072538-00073432": "direction I can write that as VR minus V", "SaNyphYSaPc-00211-00073433-00073922": "okay be R minus V and tan alpha R", "SaNyphYSaPc-00212-00073923-00074472": "because that is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00213-00074473-00074722": "that's in the opposite direction to our", "SaNyphYSaPc-00214-00074723-00074976": "coordinate system that becomes divided", "SaNyphYSaPc-00215-00074977-00076015": "by you okay that's very simple", "SaNyphYSaPc-00216-00076016-00076638": "look at that clear yeah of course", "SaNyphYSaPc-00217-00076639-00076926": "longitudinal velocity U is constant we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00218-00076927-00077169": "are not touching you so that's the same", "SaNyphYSaPc-00219-00077170-00077331": "because the vehicle is moving in the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00220-00077332-00077629": "same direction with a constant velocity", "SaNyphYSaPc-00221-00077630-00078106": "u so in other words please note this in", "SaNyphYSaPc-00222-00078107-00078379": "other words when I have to look at you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00223-00078380-00078712": "the variation of U I am looking at", "SaNyphYSaPc-00224-00078713-00078969": "longitudinal dynamics the first equation", "SaNyphYSaPc-00225-00078970-00079249": "in in what we what we did in the last", "SaNyphYSaPc-00226-00079250-00079603": "class we had what's that we have done we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00227-00079604-00079846": "have looked at the first the first", "SaNyphYSaPc-00228-00079847-00080029": "equation the last class so we had looked", "SaNyphYSaPc-00229-00080030-00080230": "at the longitudinal dynamics now I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00230-00080231-00080353": "going to remove the longitudinal", "SaNyphYSaPc-00231-00080354-00080700": "dynamics okay so I'm saying now that I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00232-00080701-00080854": "going to only look at the lateral", "SaNyphYSaPc-00233-00080855-00081063": "dynamics so that's what we are going to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00234-00081064-00081817": "do now right okay yeah right we will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00235-00081818-00081969": "come to that we have not we have not", "SaNyphYSaPc-00236-00081970-00082138": "looked that tired yet I'm going to have", "SaNyphYSaPc-00237-00082139-00082396": "a very simple tired model okay apply", "SaNyphYSaPc-00238-00082397-00082585": "steer Kuhn City all those things will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00239-00082586-00082897": "come everything will have to then put", "SaNyphYSaPc-00240-00082898-00083080": "the model just wait for some time let's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00241-00083081-00083376": "let's finish this right just hold your", "SaNyphYSaPc-00242-00083377-00083613": "questions let's let's go forward many of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00243-00083614-00083743": "your questions will be answered as we go", "SaNyphYSaPc-00244-00083744-00084553": "forward I'm going to make a assumption", "SaNyphYSaPc-00245-00084554-00084744": "that tan alpha R is approximately equal", "SaNyphYSaPc-00246-00084745-00085399": "to alpha so alpha R is equal to V by u", "SaNyphYSaPc-00247-00085400-00086431": "minus V into R by", "SaNyphYSaPc-00248-00086432-00086762": "right okay I'm just going to so what is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00249-00086763-00086998": "V by u we had already seen that V by use", "SaNyphYSaPc-00250-00086999-00087272": "beta tan beta which is again", "SaNyphYSaPc-00251-00087273-00087476": "approximately equal to beta so that's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00252-00087477-00088160": "equal to beta let's let's assume that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00253-00088161-00088382": "this vehicle is taking a turn and the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00254-00088383-00088699": "turning radius is equal to R capital R", "SaNyphYSaPc-00255-00088700-00089536": "so R is T let's say that RS be turning", "SaNyphYSaPc-00256-00089537-00090179": "the radius", "SaNyphYSaPc-00257-00090180-00090386": "I'll finish this here and write it down", "SaNyphYSaPc-00258-00090387-00090659": "there so now how do I write the second", "SaNyphYSaPc-00259-00090660-00091352": "expression our is like Omega use the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00260-00091353-00091768": "tangential velocity so that is equal to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00261-00091769-00092279": "radius of that is the R Omega R R into R", "SaNyphYSaPc-00262-00092280-00092984": "is equal to u so R by write R by u so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00263-00092985-00093470": "that's equal to minus B bite right so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00264-00093471-00093665": "the first expression of interest to us I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00265-00093666-00093893": "will write down here I will do all these", "SaNyphYSaPc-00266-00093894-00094313": "things there so alpha R is equal to beta", "SaNyphYSaPc-00267-00094314-00095086": "minus B by that's my first expression", "SaNyphYSaPc-00268-00095087-00095426": "let us now look at alpha F is there any", "SaNyphYSaPc-00269-00095427-00095666": "questions write a same similar way I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00270-00095667-00097303": "will look at alpha F", "SaNyphYSaPc-00271-00097304-00098094": "which which", "SaNyphYSaPc-00272-00098095-00098506": "no no this is the no no no no please", "SaNyphYSaPc-00273-00098507-00098791": "understand that let's wait for some time", "SaNyphYSaPc-00274-00098792-00099025": "let's finish this expression ok we'll", "SaNyphYSaPc-00275-00099026-00099171": "we'll come we'll take the questions", "SaNyphYSaPc-00276-00099172-00099481": "towards the end if this just hold your", "SaNyphYSaPc-00277-00099482-00099802": "questions we will do that later so just", "SaNyphYSaPc-00278-00099803-00100111": "say that see this is an R ok R is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00279-00100112-00100465": "positive positive is right-hand side so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00280-00100466-00100711": "inside so you will see that this is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00281-00100712-00100963": "tangential velocity here due to R is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00282-00100964-00101197": "actually in this direction so B into R", "SaNyphYSaPc-00283-00101198-00101422": "is in that direction that's all we have", "SaNyphYSaPc-00284-00101423-00101749": "said ok close that I mean closely watch", "SaNyphYSaPc-00285-00101750-00102049": "that is why I'd want put one beard like", "SaNyphYSaPc-00286-00102050-00102333": "that and V like this yeah", "SaNyphYSaPc-00287-00102334-00103021": "now I have to write alpha F okay so what", "SaNyphYSaPc-00288-00103022-00103357": "is alpha F look at that this whole thing", "SaNyphYSaPc-00289-00103358-00104029": "is Delta okay and that is alpha F so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00290-00104030-00104460": "alpha F is equal to Delta I'm just", "SaNyphYSaPc-00291-00104461-00104950": "giving a small gap there so here that is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00292-00104951-00105357": "B R this is now air right yeah into our", "SaNyphYSaPc-00293-00105358-00105613": "way into our that's in the same", "SaNyphYSaPc-00294-00105614-00106128": "direction as that of V so you will get", "SaNyphYSaPc-00295-00106129-00106756": "Delta minus Delta - that is the AR plus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00296-00106757-00107857": "B divided by u now now note that alpha F", "SaNyphYSaPc-00297-00107858-00108205": "alpha F is in a direction which is in", "SaNyphYSaPc-00298-00108206-00108459": "the negative direction of Z so I'm going", "SaNyphYSaPc-00299-00108460-00108923": "to put a minus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00300-00108924-00109141": "okay so I have to be careful because", "SaNyphYSaPc-00301-00109142-00109507": "note that a negative Direction alpha F", "SaNyphYSaPc-00302-00109508-00109960": "produces a positive avoid okay so that's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00303-00109961-00110215": "why I put a negative so that I'm I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00304-00110216-00110659": "clear so my I I don't have confusion so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00305-00110660-00110882": "many books you would see that it is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00306-00110883-00111176": "alpha F and when I when I develop F Y F", "SaNyphYSaPc-00307-00111177-00111559": "or F Y it is just multiplied by C alpha", "SaNyphYSaPc-00308-00111560-00111833": "multiplied by alpha okay there's a small", "SaNyphYSaPc-00309-00111833-00112007": "confusion there's not nothing wrong with", "SaNyphYSaPc-00310-00112008-00112171": "this but you have to be very careful on", "SaNyphYSaPc-00311-00112172-00112574": "the way you are writing it okay so I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00312-00112575-00112741": "going to write that you will see that I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00313-00112742-00112939": "will put two minuses so I'll take care", "SaNyphYSaPc-00314-00112940-00113338": "of that clearly the signs are clear okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00315-00113339-00113764": "now simplify that let's say that I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00316-00113765-00114753": "going to simplify that expression minus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00317-00114754-00115418": "Delta minus a are by you okay so that is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00318-00115419-00116399": "equal to minus a by our", "SaNyphYSaPc-00319-00116400-00117253": "- beta right so that Delta now can be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00320-00117254-00117487": "written in terms of alpha bring the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00321-00117488-00118141": "Delta the other side and then rewrite", "SaNyphYSaPc-00322-00118142-00118456": "that expression rewrite that expression", "SaNyphYSaPc-00323-00118457-00118918": "okay and substitute it substitute my", "SaNyphYSaPc-00324-00118919-00119260": "this expression for beta substitute that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00325-00119261-00119554": "into this expression and you rewrite", "SaNyphYSaPc-00326-00119555-00119771": "that expression so in other words I can", "SaNyphYSaPc-00327-00119772-00120052": "say that when I when I take it Delta the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00328-00120053-00120983": "other side be any questions I'll cap", "SaNyphYSaPc-00329-00120983-00121208": "note the difference between capital R", "SaNyphYSaPc-00330-00121208-00122089": "and smaller smaller capital R is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00331-00122090-00122359": "radius of of this turning you know the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00332-00122360-00122563": "turning radius actually let me do a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00333-00122564-00122902": "bigger picture you're taking a turn okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00334-00122903-00123520": "so your vehicle is here and that radius", "SaNyphYSaPc-00335-00123521-00123910": "that radius of of your turn is equal to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00336-00123911-00124369": "capital R right so rearranging the terms", "SaNyphYSaPc-00337-00124370-00124750": "this becomes yelled by ad because a plus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00338-00124751-00126056": "B is equal to L minus alpha R alpha", "SaNyphYSaPc-00339-00126057-00126597": "clear okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00340-00126598-00127282": "now we will come to the tire model there", "SaNyphYSaPc-00341-00127283-00127399": "are a number of as I told you there are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00342-00127400-00127536": "low number of fire molds available we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00343-00127538-00127771": "will go only for a simple model because", "SaNyphYSaPc-00344-00127772-00127998": "I want to capture the physics of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00345-00127999-00128514": "manoeuvring so that I will write down FY", "SaNyphYSaPc-00346-00128515-00129694": "- B - C alpha into alpha so why am I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00347-00129695-00129964": "writing this as - because I know that a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00348-00129965-00130269": "negative alpha produces negative alpha", "SaNyphYSaPc-00349-00130270-00130639": "produces a positive avoid okay a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00350-00130640-00130840": "negative alpha produces a positive way", "SaNyphYSaPc-00351-00130841-00131194": "so in other words when I put alpha to be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00352-00131195-00131398": "negative actually it becomes FY becomes", "SaNyphYSaPc-00353-00131399-00131704": "positive so that's why you put a minus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00354-00131705-00132079": "there are books which treats this to be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00355-00132080-00132286": "negative which is not correct okay C", "SaNyphYSaPc-00356-00132287-00132472": "alpha stiffness that's not correct so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00357-00132473-00132631": "this is a simple model what is this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00358-00132632-00132928": "model this is a linear model so in other", "SaNyphYSaPc-00359-00132929-00133441": "words we saw ready that okay there is a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00360-00133442-00133884": "region that's the suppose I I plot alpha", "SaNyphYSaPc-00361-00133885-00134368": "versus EF boy we saw that the curve", "SaNyphYSaPc-00362-00134369-00134599": "looks something like this and I'm going", "SaNyphYSaPc-00363-00134600-00134983": "to take a linear model where that is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00364-00134984-00135547": "the slope is what I call a C alpha okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00365-00135548-00135925": "so C alpha into alpha gives me a voice", "SaNyphYSaPc-00366-00135926-00136423": "so this is a simple linear model from", "SaNyphYSaPc-00367-00136424-00136867": "here when I put my front I want I put C", "SaNyphYSaPc-00368-00136868-00137290": "alpha F into alpha F and FY are I put", "SaNyphYSaPc-00369-00137291-00138747": "minus C alpha R into alpha", "SaNyphYSaPc-00370-00138748-00139311": "clear okay now so therefore now the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00371-00139312-00139725": "total you fight note that there's a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00372-00139726-00139838": "general expression I'm just going to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00373-00139839-00140025": "remove it so that you don't get confused", "SaNyphYSaPc-00374-00140026-00140740": "so now EF y is equal to f YF + f yr and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00375-00140741-00141104": "that is equal to minus C alpha F into", "SaNyphYSaPc-00376-00141105-00142434": "alpha F minus C alpha R into right yeah", "SaNyphYSaPc-00377-00142435-00142983": "of course right I'll give you a small", "SaNyphYSaPc-00378-00142984-00143421": "job right down alpha F and alpha R we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00379-00143422-00143694": "had already derived it if I think it's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00380-00143695-00144212": "there in that expression so just put", "SaNyphYSaPc-00381-00144213-00145034": "that so - is that so just substitute it", "SaNyphYSaPc-00382-00145035-00146824": "- of that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00383-00146825-00147027": "so I'm going to write down completely", "SaNyphYSaPc-00384-00147028-00147232": "the final expression you can even look", "SaNyphYSaPc-00385-00147233-00147418": "at the final expression that is equal to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00386-00147419-00148069": "minus a by you C alpha F plus B by you C", "SaNyphYSaPc-00387-00148070-00148803": "alpha R into R minus C alpha F plus C", "SaNyphYSaPc-00388-00148804-00149502": "alpha R into beta plus C alpha F into", "SaNyphYSaPc-00389-00149503-00150244": "Delta so that is going to be my pfy the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00390-00150245-00150513": "second term was this is the second is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00391-00150514-00151371": "minus a into C alpha F into alpha F okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00392-00151372-00151715": "plus B into C alpha into alpha R", "SaNyphYSaPc-00393-00151716-00152407": "substitute that so that M is that is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00394-00152408-00152853": "equal to minus a squared by you C alpha", "SaNyphYSaPc-00395-00152854-00154922": "F minus d squared by you C alpha R", "SaNyphYSaPc-00396-00154923-00155331": "okay so substituting that you get these", "SaNyphYSaPc-00397-00155332-00156263": "two expressions now what what is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00398-00156264-00156834": "next step what's the next step", "SaNyphYSaPc-00399-00156835-00157407": "I have FY and M ESET go and substitute", "SaNyphYSaPc-00400-00157408-00158188": "it back into my expression or my", "SaNyphYSaPc-00401-00158189-00158354": "governing equation", "SaNyphYSaPc-00402-00158355-00158547": "okay substitute that into the owning", "SaNyphYSaPc-00403-00158548-00158871": "equation so I get these are the two", "SaNyphYSaPc-00404-00158872-00159053": "equations now what I have essentially", "SaNyphYSaPc-00405-00159054-00159236": "done is to write down the right-hand", "SaNyphYSaPc-00406-00159237-00159585": "side okay so write down the right-hand", "SaNyphYSaPc-00407-00159586-00159710": "side I've read written down the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00408-00159711-00160184": "right-hand side and so I have now", "SaNyphYSaPc-00409-00160185-00160620": "okay substitute that back and write down", "SaNyphYSaPc-00410-00160621-00160833": "the complete equation okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00411-00160834-00160947": "they left hand side in the right hand", "SaNyphYSaPc-00412-00160948-00161319": "side right I'm going to now what are the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00413-00161320-00161612": "two variables or two degrees of freedom", "SaNyphYSaPc-00414-00161613-00162728": "here are not you are and P", "SaNyphYSaPc-00415-00162729-00163724": "yeah but which one", "SaNyphYSaPc-00416-00163725-00164698": "very oddly okay look", "SaNyphYSaPc-00417-00164699-00165021": "no I have put our outside I'm sorry I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00418-00165022-00165251": "have put our outside so that's you here", "SaNyphYSaPc-00419-00165252-00165677": "is to use fine RS outside here okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00420-00165678-00166061": "odd is outside and that's fine now I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00421-00166062-00166262": "going to rewrite this expression okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00422-00166263-00166499": "substitute that and rewrite this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00423-00166500-00167024": "expression in a very familiar form okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00424-00167025-00168241": "so those two equations you know", "SaNyphYSaPc-00425-00168242-00168418": "so those are the two expressions I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00426-00168419-00168604": "going so it's very simple you know only", "SaNyphYSaPc-00427-00168605-00168799": "thing is you have to be careful in the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00428-00168800-00169177": "algebra so the first expression now", "SaNyphYSaPc-00429-00169178-00169447": "becomes I don't want to rewrite it I is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00430-00169448-00169723": "at our dot is equal to MU Z that's the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00431-00169724-00170080": "one and that's the second expression now", "SaNyphYSaPc-00432-00170081-00170449": "I'm going to write this down I leave a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00433-00170450-00170677": "couple of steps to you to do it this is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00434-00170678-00170986": "nothing in a form which is familiar to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00435-00170987-00171592": "you I'm going to write this as V what", "SaNyphYSaPc-00436-00171593-00171715": "are the things that are available there", "SaNyphYSaPc-00437-00171716-00172261": "or however my expressions so V dot okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00438-00172262-00172447": "that's the second expression I have and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00439-00172448-00173140": "r dot okay those are the two things I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00440-00173141-00173791": "going to write down that as yeh readjust", "SaNyphYSaPc-00441-00173792-00174897": "those terms we are all right plus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00442-00174898-00175909": "be into right essentially what is that I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00443-00175910-00176140": "have done I have just put that rearrange", "SaNyphYSaPc-00444-00176141-00176834": "the terms clear any questions nothing", "SaNyphYSaPc-00445-00176835-00177584": "that no no big calculations if I now put", "SaNyphYSaPc-00446-00177585-00177821": "that form you know when I rearrange it", "SaNyphYSaPc-00447-00177822-00177959": "I'm going to I'm going to write that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00448-00177960-00179026": "final form V dot r dot is equal to minus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00449-00179027-00179700": "C alpha F plus C alpha R divided by mu", "SaNyphYSaPc-00450-00179701-00179995": "let me I think it's good to have that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00451-00179996-00180541": "expression this we had I said r dot C to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00452-00180542-00180937": "the a C alpha F minus BC alpha R this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00453-00180938-00181622": "order right right yeah and M into V dot", "SaNyphYSaPc-00454-00181623-00182549": "plus ru is equal to F okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00455-00182550-00182907": "so r dot and V dot you know that's what", "SaNyphYSaPc-00456-00182908-00183557": "we are rewriting their - AC alpha F plus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00457-00183558-00184113": "BC alpha R by mu minus u that's the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00458-00184114-00184659": "second term and minus AC alpha F minus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00459-00184660-00185330": "BC alpha R divided by I you minus a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00460-00185331-00185712": "squared C alpha F plus B squared C alpha", "SaNyphYSaPc-00461-00185713-00186186": "R divided by are you okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00462-00186187-00187080": "that would be my a and V R plus C alpha", "SaNyphYSaPc-00463-00187081-00188334": "F by M yes C alpha F by I okay any", "SaNyphYSaPc-00464-00188335-00188715": "questions on this I've skipped two or", "SaNyphYSaPc-00465-00188716-00189027": "three you know simple lines which I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00466-00189028-00189474": "think you can fill up now this is a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00467-00189475-00189987": "familiar form to you right there are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00468-00189988-00190164": "very familiar form to you what does this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00469-00190165-00190614": "form what is this called as state space", "SaNyphYSaPc-00470-00190615-00190890": "form okay so this is nothing but a state", "SaNyphYSaPc-00471-00190891-00191449": "space form", "SaNyphYSaPc-00472-00191450-00192123": "what are the state variables here we are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00473-00192124-00192460": "okay the whole idea of writing this in a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00474-00192461-00192874": "state space form is to look at the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00475-00192875-00193069": "stability of the system there's a first", "SaNyphYSaPc-00476-00193070-00193369": "idea later that we will use this in", "SaNyphYSaPc-00477-00193370-00193594": "order to look at the response of the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00478-00193595-00193927": "vehicle to dynamic inputs which is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00479-00193928-00194212": "steering input right so the first job", "SaNyphYSaPc-00480-00194213-00194491": "here is to look at stability of the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00481-00194492-00194722": "system now I will take questions any", "SaNyphYSaPc-00482-00194723-00195151": "questions", "SaNyphYSaPc-00483-00195152-00195556": "okay the only thing have to be careful", "SaNyphYSaPc-00484-00195557-00195856": "is C alpha F C alpha R - plus whatever", "SaNyphYSaPc-00485-00195857-00196084": "you want to use it it is fine as long as", "SaNyphYSaPc-00486-00196085-00196381": "ultimately a voice in the positive", "SaNyphYSaPc-00487-00196382-00196668": "direction right so that you have to be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00488-00196669-00196834": "that's the only thing you have to be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00489-00196835-00196984": "careful whatever you do ultimately you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00490-00196985-00197389": "will get that expression so minus to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00491-00197390-00197632": "minus plus and all that would get only", "SaNyphYSaPc-00492-00197633-00198631": "that expression okay so now we are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00493-00198632-00198847": "looking going to look at the stability", "SaNyphYSaPc-00494-00198848-00199888": "of the system", "SaNyphYSaPc-00495-00199889-00200431": "okay what do we yeah you is yes you is a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00496-00200432-00200671": "particular velocity okay doesn't change", "SaNyphYSaPc-00497-00200672-00200971": "but it's an input but it doesn't change", "SaNyphYSaPc-00498-00200972-00201436": "we're not going to calculate right okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00499-00201437-00201601": "please - please understand it's a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00500-00201602-00201660": "lateral", "SaNyphYSaPc-00501-00201661-00201901": "so what do we mean by stability of the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00502-00201902-00202228": "system how do we determine the stability", "SaNyphYSaPc-00503-00202229-00202711": "of the system the immediate thing that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00504-00202712-00202909": "comes to your mind when we talk about", "SaNyphYSaPc-00505-00202910-00203238": "stability of the system is then", "SaNyphYSaPc-00506-00203239-00203640": "eigenvalue problem right so you had", "SaNyphYSaPc-00507-00203641-00203818": "studied that in your control system", "SaNyphYSaPc-00508-00203819-00204319": "course and that there is no input the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00509-00204320-00204685": "right-hand side is equal to zero okay so", "SaNyphYSaPc-00510-00204686-00205023": "and then you the left-hand side which is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00511-00205025-00205177": "the governing equation the right hand", "SaNyphYSaPc-00512-00205178-00205528": "side which is the F okay he's put to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00513-00205529-00205923": "zero you go back and solve for the eigen", "SaNyphYSaPc-00514-00205925-00206163": "values and so on and so forth this is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00515-00206164-00206419": "what you've been doing okay here also", "SaNyphYSaPc-00516-00206419-00206687": "you have to understand this carefully", "SaNyphYSaPc-00517-00206688-00207055": "now we are going to do exactly the same", "SaNyphYSaPc-00518-00207056-00207475": "thing we are going to put the inputs or", "SaNyphYSaPc-00519-00207476-00207730": "to the system to be equal to zero in", "SaNyphYSaPc-00520-00207731-00207919": "other words in other words I'm going to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00521-00207919-00208171": "put Delta to be equal to zero this is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00522-00208171-00208389": "the input to the system is equal to zero", "SaNyphYSaPc-00523-00208390-00208858": "now there's a confusion if I put Delta", "SaNyphYSaPc-00524-00208859-00209107": "is equal to zero which means that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00525-00209108-00209659": "actually I go straight now what is that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00526-00209660-00209881": "I am doing when I go straight and I'm", "SaNyphYSaPc-00527-00209882-00210088": "putting Delta is equal to zero and we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00528-00210089-00210313": "are talking about stability in the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00529-00210314-00210694": "lateral dynamics okay then what does it", "SaNyphYSaPc-00530-00210694-00211063": "mean right that's the question", "SaNyphYSaPc-00531-00211064-00211284": "so for that you have to understand what", "SaNyphYSaPc-00532-00211285-00211584": "we mean by stability this is this usual", "SaNyphYSaPc-00533-00211585-00211750": "thing because we are going to apply the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00534-00211751-00212017": "concept of stability to understand what", "SaNyphYSaPc-00535-00212017-00212305": "is stability even if you are going", "SaNyphYSaPc-00536-00212306-00212734": "straight okay we say that the system is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00537-00212735-00213157": "stable in simple terms when there's a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00538-00213158-00213234": "perturbation to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00539-00213235-00213456": "the system the perturbation can be due", "SaNyphYSaPc-00540-00213457-00213819": "to some suddenly wind that is blowing or", "SaNyphYSaPc-00541-00213819-00214071": "due to a pothole you take a small turn", "SaNyphYSaPc-00542-00214073-00214296": "and so on you know a perturbation to the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00543-00214298-00214596": "system you give the system returns back", "SaNyphYSaPc-00544-00214598-00215076": "to its equilibrium position what is in", "SaNyphYSaPc-00545-00215077-00215253": "equilibrium position the system", "SaNyphYSaPc-00546-00215254-00215600": "continues to be in that position unless", "SaNyphYSaPc-00547-00215601-00215949": "you it is forced to move out due to an", "SaNyphYSaPc-00548-00215950-00216372": "input so a small perturbation which you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00549-00216373-00216804": "give it cuts gets back to its", "SaNyphYSaPc-00550-00216805-00217155": "equilibrium position okay so that is why", "SaNyphYSaPc-00551-00217156-00217509": "you put a very high school example of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00552-00217510-00217728": "putting a ball in a well and when you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00553-00217729-00217959": "distribute it sorry when you disturb it", "SaNyphYSaPc-00554-00217960-00218178": "it comes back to this position because", "SaNyphYSaPc-00555-00218179-00218331": "you're actually perturbing the ball", "SaNyphYSaPc-00556-00218332-00218577": "about an equilibrium position okay and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00557-00218578-00218832": "then it gets gets back to thee so that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00558-00218833-00219105": "is the philosophy here okay in other", "SaNyphYSaPc-00559-00219106-00219498": "words in other words you cannot make a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00560-00219499-00219669": "statement which I have seen many people", "SaNyphYSaPc-00561-00219671-00219846": "making I am NOT going to when I when I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00562-00219848-00220182": "don't take a turn in a vehicle okay why", "SaNyphYSaPc-00563-00220183-00220347": "am I worried about stability of the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00564-00220348-00220656": "system no it's not true even if you go", "SaNyphYSaPc-00565-00220657-00220902": "straight a small perturbation okay is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00566-00220903-00221437": "enough to cause an unstable system to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00567-00221438-00221799": "become unstable right so keep this in", "SaNyphYSaPc-00568-00221800-00221931": "mind because this is going to be very", "SaNyphYSaPc-00569-00221932-00222078": "useful for a strain to put the results", "SaNyphYSaPc-00570-00222079-00222487": "later so we will get into this tip what", "SaNyphYSaPc-00571-00222488-00222619": "is meant by stability how do you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00572-00222619-00222810": "calculate stability and so on have", "SaNyphYSaPc-00573-00222811-00223002": "you've done this before but we will do", "SaNyphYSaPc-00574-00223003-00223682": "that again quickly okay now generally", "SaNyphYSaPc-00575-00223683-00224010": "generally a system is expressed in terms", "SaNyphYSaPc-00576-00224011-00224365": "of a differential equation okay which we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00577-00224366-00224698": "will say that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00578-00224698-00225100": "a DP power animal yeah", "SaNyphYSaPc-00579-00225101-00225607": "we will put that as as DT power n plus a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00580-00225608-00226610": "and minus one d n minus 1 X P n minus 1", "SaNyphYSaPc-00581-00226611-00226978": "ok this is the nth order system so the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00582-00226979-00227254": "last term should be available plus EA n", "SaNyphYSaPc-00583-00227255-00227629": "into X equal 0 note that a and cannot be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00584-00227630-00227785": "0 if you are looking at an nth order", "SaNyphYSaPc-00585-00227786-00229000": "system ok this is oh sorry is 0 into", "SaNyphYSaPc-00586-00229001-00229216": "many times you write it the other way", "SaNyphYSaPc-00587-00229217-00229762": "you can write this to be 0 1 and also as", "SaNyphYSaPc-00588-00229763-00229969": "yes ok", "SaNyphYSaPc-00589-00229969-00230317": "either way you can you do that textbooks", "SaNyphYSaPc-00590-00230317-00230728": "follow different procedures you can also", "SaNyphYSaPc-00591-00230729-00231106": "write down ok this is a differential", "SaNyphYSaPc-00592-00231107-00231492": "equation form the most immediate", "SaNyphYSaPc-00593-00231494-00231787": "application if you look at this is in in", "SaNyphYSaPc-00594-00231788-00231948": "dynamics is your vibration equation you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00595-00231950-00232129": "can write it as MX double dot plus CX", "SaNyphYSaPc-00596-00232130-00232555": "dot plus KX ok you can also write this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00597-00232556-00232852": "down in the state base state space form", "SaNyphYSaPc-00598-00232853-00233248": "which we had written down ok which I can", "SaNyphYSaPc-00599-00233248-00233671": "write down as X dot 1 ok in terms of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00600-00233671-00233908": "what are called the state variables X", "SaNyphYSaPc-00601-00233909-00234423": "dot 1 is equal to Y a 1 1 X 1 plus a 1 2", "SaNyphYSaPc-00602-00234425-00235219": "X 2 plus so on plus a 1n xn and then X", "SaNyphYSaPc-00603-00235219-00235636": "dot 2 is equal to ei 2 1 X 1 plus a 2 2", "SaNyphYSaPc-00604-00235637-00236581": "X 2 plus and then so that X dot 1 X dot", "SaNyphYSaPc-00605-00236582-00237904": "2 X dot en is equal to the a X ok you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00606-00237905-00238248": "see is another way of writing it down", "SaNyphYSaPc-00607-00238248-00238441": "there are two ways in which you can", "SaNyphYSaPc-00608-00238442-00238660": "write down it doesn't matter in what way", "SaNyphYSaPc-00609-00238661-00239244": "you write down okay if I want to look at", "SaNyphYSaPc-00610-00239246-00239371": "the solution of this equation the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00611-00239371-00239584": "solution of the equation can be written", "SaNyphYSaPc-00612-00239585-00240796": "as X of T is equal to Y X E power y SD", "SaNyphYSaPc-00613-00240796-00241069": "okay then the solution of the equation", "SaNyphYSaPc-00614-00241071-00241337": "can be written as X of T is equal to X T", "SaNyphYSaPc-00615-00241338-00241778": "power SD this form of equation is valid", "SaNyphYSaPc-00616-00241779-00242678": "only if we have certain characteristics", "SaNyphYSaPc-00617-00242679-00243076": "for yes I can't put any yes of course", "SaNyphYSaPc-00618-00243077-00243416": "yes has you know it can be real or", "SaNyphYSaPc-00619-00243417-00243581": "imaginary and so on so forth we will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00620-00243582-00243694": "come to that in a minute", "SaNyphYSaPc-00621-00243696-00244525": "so this e^x sorry this yes okay has a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00622-00244526-00244787": "characteristics which you have studied", "SaNyphYSaPc-00623-00244788-00244994": "in your earlier courses and we will see", "SaNyphYSaPc-00624-00244994-00245231": "what this characteristics of yes has to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00625-00245232-00245558": "be or what should this s be okay in", "SaNyphYSaPc-00626-00245559-00245767": "order that this becomes a solution to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00627-00245769-00246173": "the system right since X is equal to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00628-00246173-00246614": "this thing X of x dot T is equal to yes", "SaNyphYSaPc-00629-00246615-00247046": "X E power yes T and X double dot T is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00630-00247046-00247558": "equal to s squared Y X the power s T and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00631-00247559-00247933": "so on substituting that into the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00632-00247934-00248132": "governing equation we do that for this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00633-00248133-00248681": "case in a minute right so substituting", "SaNyphYSaPc-00634-00248682-00249169": "that in that expression what is that you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00635-00249171-00250007": "get a naught s power n plus a 1 s power", "SaNyphYSaPc-00636-00250008-00250679": "n minus 1 plus so on plus PA and E power", "SaNyphYSaPc-00637-00250680-00251919": "s T X Y power s T is equal to 0", "SaNyphYSaPc-00638-00251921-00252186": "right", "SaNyphYSaPc-00639-00252187-00252398": "okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00640-00252398-00252773": "the next step is obvious than this what", "SaNyphYSaPc-00641-00252773-00252882": "is that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00642-00252883-00253344": "for the non-trivial solution to exist", "SaNyphYSaPc-00643-00253346-00253966": "okay this has to be equal to zero okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00644-00253967-00254189": "what is the trivial solution X is equal", "SaNyphYSaPc-00645-00254190-00254516": "to zero because once this is not equal", "SaNyphYSaPc-00646-00254517-00254953": "to zero then X has to be equal to zero", "SaNyphYSaPc-00647-00254954-00255202": "and that's a trivial solution so the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00648-00255203-00255421": "trivial solution or non-trivial solution", "SaNyphYSaPc-00649-00255423-00255844": "to exist plus a 1 s power n minus 1 plus", "SaNyphYSaPc-00650-00255844-00256848": "ei and is equal to 0 for non trivial", "SaNyphYSaPc-00651-00256850-00258046": "solution ok so there are yes there's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00652-00258048-00258133": "nothing but the roots of this equation", "SaNyphYSaPc-00653-00258134-00258614": "there are n roots and so the solution of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00654-00258615-00258757": "the equation can be expressed as the sum", "SaNyphYSaPc-00655-00258758-00259489": "of these roots and so on right okay now", "SaNyphYSaPc-00656-00259490-00259819": "that's known now let us now look at the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00657-00259821-00260152": "state space form please understand that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00658-00260153-00260396": "this is one way there's no unique way of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00659-00260396-00260551": "writing this is one way of writing the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00660-00260552-00260785": "state space it's not necessary that you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00661-00260786-00261127": "will have or you need to follow only a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00662-00261128-00261266": "set called", "SaNyphYSaPc-00663-00261267-00261604": "XO dot 1 x dot 2 X dot and so on for", "SaNyphYSaPc-00664-00261605-00262056": "state space you can have another form as", "SaNyphYSaPc-00665-00262057-00262412": "the state variables okay and express", "SaNyphYSaPc-00666-00262413-00262691": "this equation in another form doesn't", "SaNyphYSaPc-00667-00262692-00262882": "matter you will ultimately see that the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00668-00262883-00263090": "stability of the system obviously will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00669-00263091-00263335": "not be affected by the way you write", "SaNyphYSaPc-00670-00263336-00264138": "down the state space equation clear", "SaNyphYSaPc-00671-00264139-00264482": "okay so let us now look at how to write", "SaNyphYSaPc-00672-00264483-00264789": "this this is this clear is exactly now", "SaNyphYSaPc-00673-00264790-00266046": "extended here", "SaNyphYSaPc-00674-00266047-00266539": "so how do I write this instead of X I'll", "SaNyphYSaPc-00675-00266540-00267697": "write that as x e SD okay so that X dot", "SaNyphYSaPc-00676-00267698-00268798": "now becomes yes X E est substitute that", "SaNyphYSaPc-00677-00268799-00269089": "into this expression okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00678-00269090-00269667": "X dot is equal to ax yes", "SaNyphYSaPc-00679-00269668-00271440": "bx e st okay is equal to ei DX est", "SaNyphYSaPc-00680-00271441-00271823": "put an eye here so that which is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00681-00271824-00272199": "identity matrix right and so I will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00682-00272200-00272874": "write this down as yes I minus ei into", "SaNyphYSaPc-00683-00272875-00273605": "DX e yes t is equal to zero", "SaNyphYSaPc-00684-00273606-00273882": "okay this is just a revision I know you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00685-00273883-00274191": "guys know this once we finish it we will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00686-00274192-00274374": "go and apply it to this expression", "SaNyphYSaPc-00687-00274375-00274878": "that's what we're going to do so for a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00688-00274879-00275187": "non-trivial solution for this expression", "SaNyphYSaPc-00689-00275188-00275372": "to exist", "SaNyphYSaPc-00690-00275373-00275733": "what's it what is determinant of this", "SaNyphYSaPc-00691-00275734-00275976": "that's the characteristic that's what is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00692-00275977-00276132": "called as a characteristic equation and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00693-00276133-00276585": "so the same condition for non-trivial", "SaNyphYSaPc-00694-00276586-00276944": "solution to exist so the determinant of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00695-00276945-00277980": "yes of I minus a should be equal to 0 or", "SaNyphYSaPc-00696-00277981-00278034": "else", "SaNyphYSaPc-00697-00278035-00278439": "okay that's simple or else if it happens", "SaNyphYSaPc-00698-00278440-00278673": "to be non singular then obviously you", "SaNyphYSaPc-00699-00278674-00278859": "will get end up to the true only the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00700-00278860-00278969": "trivial solution", "SaNyphYSaPc-00701-00278970-00279323": "hence this has to be equal to zero and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00702-00279324-00280158": "that throws up values of yes yes", "SaNyphYSaPc-00703-00280159-00280441": "yes 1s2 no that's that's what that's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00704-00280442-00280615": "what we are going to get now yes one and", "SaNyphYSaPc-00705-00280616-00280858": "and yes - we are not we are we are", "SaNyphYSaPc-00706-00280859-00281140": "looking still at stability okay we will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00707-00281141-00281515": "come back to other quantities a bit", "SaNyphYSaPc-00708-00281516-00281752": "later okay we are still we have not", "SaNyphYSaPc-00709-00281753-00281989": "solved for yes you have not found out", "SaNyphYSaPc-00710-00281990-00282346": "the eigenvalues yet we are still looking", "SaNyphYSaPc-00711-00282347-00282652": "at the equation for stability what is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00712-00282653-00282916": "the condition for stability right I am", "SaNyphYSaPc-00713-00282917-00283216": "not solved it yet for s1 s2 and so on", "SaNyphYSaPc-00714-00283217-00283537": "right for this that's what I'm going to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00715-00283538-00283762": "do now first I let me look at the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00716-00283763-00284194": "stability of this equation yes that's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00717-00284195-00284482": "what I'm saying yes okay I have not I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00718-00284483-00284647": "have not yet solved it I have just", "SaNyphYSaPc-00719-00284648-00284860": "writing down I said that there is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00720-00284861-00285100": "s-1 and s2 that's all what are they I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00721-00285101-00286105": "have not yet determined them", "SaNyphYSaPc-00722-00286106-00286451": "yeah so we will s1 and s2 will there", "SaNyphYSaPc-00723-00286452-00286658": "will be two routes you know just wait", "SaNyphYSaPc-00724-00286659-00286930": "for a minute let's finish this we will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00725-00286931-00287213": "we will look at that you know that's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00726-00287214-00287438": "what we did here I wrote this if it's a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00727-00287439-00287591": "second order system it will be s squared", "SaNyphYSaPc-00728-00287592-00287906": "plus you know that means that that's why", "SaNyphYSaPc-00729-00287907-00288038": "it that's what I said that there are we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00730-00288039-00288260": "n roots just wait just wait for some", "SaNyphYSaPc-00731-00288261-00288383": "time okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00732-00288384-00288566": "let's first finish it and then we will", "SaNyphYSaPc-00733-00288567-00288848": "go to stability so now that is the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00734-00288849-00289240": "determinant of of that system has to be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00735-00289241-00289592": "should be equal to zero okay now what", "SaNyphYSaPc-00736-00289593-00290452": "I'm going to do now used to express I", "SaNyphYSaPc-00737-00290453-00291589": "know what is a that is gay that is ei", "SaNyphYSaPc-00738-00291590-00291899": "right what I'm going to do is to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00739-00291900-00292253": "substitute that yeah here and expand it", "SaNyphYSaPc-00740-00292254-00292957": "and write down and write down some", "SaNyphYSaPc-00741-00292958-00293489": "quantity of s squared plus some", "SaNyphYSaPc-00742-00293490-00294164": "quantities yes plus some quantity is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00743-00294165-00294368": "equal to zero what are those things we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00744-00294369-00294545": "will do that in the next class just", "SaNyphYSaPc-00745-00294546-00294785": "quickly so it you don't have a confusion", "SaNyphYSaPc-00746-00294786-00295148": "as to what I'm doing right so I'm going", "SaNyphYSaPc-00747-00295149-00295637": "to write this down like this right then", "SaNyphYSaPc-00748-00295638-00295859": "look at stability of the system that's", "SaNyphYSaPc-00749-00295860-00296066": "what first I'm doing so look at", "SaNyphYSaPc-00750-00296067-00296678": "stability of the system the stability of", "SaNyphYSaPc-00751-00296679-00297154": "the system for for which an expression", "SaNyphYSaPc-00752-00297155-00297374": "governing the characteristic equations", "SaNyphYSaPc-00753-00297375-00297746": "like this is given by a very simple", "SaNyphYSaPc-00754-00297747-00298439": "criteria roads criteria which states", "SaNyphYSaPc-00755-00298440-00298954": "that what is here should be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00756-00298955-00299455": "positive if I call this as a not this is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00757-00299456-00299837": "a one and this is here to the necessary", "SaNyphYSaPc-00758-00299838-00300137": "and sufficient condition is that here", "SaNyphYSaPc-00759-00300138-00300841": "not a 1 and a 2 should be positive okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00760-00300842-00301037": "so that's the first thing I'm going to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00761-00301038-00301412": "do we go to do problems later okay to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00762-00301413-00301697": "look at the transient analysis and so on", "SaNyphYSaPc-00763-00301698-00301946": "then we will see we will rework this out", "SaNyphYSaPc-00764-00301947-00302138": "and see how I'm going to write down an", "SaNyphYSaPc-00765-00302139-00302441": "expression of E power T 80 you know a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00766-00302442-00302605": "matrix called he pure 80 and so on we", "SaNyphYSaPc-00767-00302606-00303071": "will do that later right okay so the my", "SaNyphYSaPc-00768-00303072-00303323": "first step is to find out a naught a 1", "SaNyphYSaPc-00769-00303324-00303680": "and a 2 and see under what condition", "SaNyphYSaPc-00770-00303681-00304004": "here not a 1 and year 2 are going to be", "SaNyphYSaPc-00771-00304005-00304139": "positive", "SaNyphYSaPc-00772-00304140-00304295": "so the question which we are going to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00773-00304296-00304598": "answer in the next class is is it", "SaNyphYSaPc-00774-00304599-00304928": "possible for a system to be unstable for", "SaNyphYSaPc-00775-00304929-00305171": "a vehicle to be unstable if so under", "SaNyphYSaPc-00776-00305172-00305444": "what condition the vehicle is going to", "SaNyphYSaPc-00777-00305445-00305881": "be unstable okay we'll finish this class", "SaNyphYSaPc-00778-00305882-00306210": "by saying that not what I mean by", "SaNyphYSaPc-00779-00306211-00306620": "unstable if you're going straight okay", "SaNyphYSaPc-00780-00306621-00306856": "it is possible that if the system is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00781-00306857-00307066": "unstable or vehicle is unstable a", "SaNyphYSaPc-00782-00307067-00307445": "disturbance that comes out or comes", "SaNyphYSaPc-00783-00307446-00307834": "about in your system may not die down", "SaNyphYSaPc-00784-00307835-00308134": "and may not bring you back to your", "SaNyphYSaPc-00785-00308135-00308618": "equilibrium position right so that is", "SaNyphYSaPc-00786-00308619-00309232": "the unstable case right we will now our", "SaNyphYSaPc-00787-00309233-00309524": "job is to substitute a here write down", "SaNyphYSaPc-00788-00309525-00309650": "that expression we'll do that in the", "SaNyphYSaPc-00789-00309651-00311969": "next class", "SaNyphYSaPc-00790-00311970-00312176": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "SbCbL7zRlHg", "text": {"SbCbL7zRlHg-00000-00000003-00000472": "okay so following on from last week", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00001-00000473-00000932": "we're gradually moving towards the sort", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00002-00000933-00001174": "of the more social and linguistic", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00003-00001175-00001657": "aspects of organization and I know that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00004-00001659-00001964": "John had some questions about the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00005-00001964-00002171": "relationship between mathematics and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00006-00002172-00002551": "language I've got some questions about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00007-00002552-00002875": "the relationship of the nature of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00008-00002876-00003041": "language and whether language is nil", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00009-00003042-00003278": "pose and I know I asked you that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00010-00003279-00003463": "question a couple of weeks ago Peter and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00011-00003464-00003803": "you smiled about it so I think that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00012-00003804-00003956": "that's particularly interesting I've", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00013-00003957-00004097": "actually just been giving a presentation", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00014-00004098-00004279": "about music and some of the analysis", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00015-00004280-00004535": "I've been doing in music I must say I'm", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00016-00004536-00004738": "pretty convinced that music could well", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00017-00004739-00004931": "be nil potent in the way that it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00018-00004932-00005195": "operates so we've got these different", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00019-00005196-00005459": "forms of communication and maybe there's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00020-00005460-00005716": "an opportunity to explore their", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00021-00005717-00006122": "structure and nature and the extent to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00022-00006123-00006406": "which they may be homologous or related", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00023-00006408-00006646": "to the cellular structures the the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00024-00006647-00006845": "cellular processes that John's been", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00025-00006845-00007135": "discussing but but John I wonder if I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00026-00007136-00007391": "could turn to you first because you also", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00027-00007392-00007652": "had a question about mathematics as a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00028-00007653-00007994": "language yeah you know this more just", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00029-00007995-00008705": "had this was first have thought that to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00030-00008706-00009059": "ask whether mathematics is language is a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00031-00009060-00009344": "language I know certainly that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00032-00009345-00009574": "universities accept computer language as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00033-00009575-00009770": "being a language but that may just be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00034-00009771-00010019": "semantics I do think that mathematics is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00035-00010020-00010174": "language and what I said to you was that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00036-00010175-00010331": "I thought that the languages we think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00037-00010332-00010474": "about it conventionally is actually in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00038-00010475-00010730": "the X but get worse perhaps mathematics", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00039-00010731-00010963": "is already in the implicit order in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00040-00010964-00011452": "Bamiyan terms and then I also have more", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00041-00011453-00011684": "thinking about during up to this thing I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00042-00011685-00011977": "was thinking about the periodicity of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00043-00011978-00012245": "its language and that periodic table of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00044-00012246-00012421": "education to the far left and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00045-00012422-00012674": "mathematics to the far right there would", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00046-00012675-00012827": "either be a qualitative or quantitative", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00047-00012828-00013024": "filling in of those spaces in between", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00048-00013025-00013340": "with regard to some", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00049-00013341-00013496": "some disciplines are more qualitative", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00050-00013497-00013727": "others are more quantitative and so", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00051-00013728-00013931": "there would be a sort of a logic to that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00052-00013932-00014194": "but that's as far as I got with them and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00053-00014196-00014357": "I do and I'm very interested in your", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00054-00014358-00014786": "thoughts about music because I mean if I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00055-00014787-00015097": "think about if poetry is the transition", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00056-00015099-00015491": "from prose to music question in my mind", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00057-00015491-00015866": "is yeah how does how does that thinking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00058-00015866-00016100": "lend itself or not to the way that we're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00059-00016101-00016592": "parsing this out yeah but I do see a way", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00060-00016593-00016880": "forward to producing all of that back to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00061-00016881-00017108": "the first principles of physiology in my", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00062-00017109-00017543": "early thinking because at least risk of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00063-00017544-00017702": "repeating myself I was able to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00064-00017703-00017827": "[Music]", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00065-00017828-00018155": "vertically integrate that physiologic", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00066-00018156-00018299": "process all the way through to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00067-00018300-00018665": "bipedalism training of the four four", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00068-00018666-00019124": "limbs tool-making in Latin language and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00069-00019125-00019301": "language actually in my way of thinking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00070-00019302-00019601": "that way language being a form of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00071-00019602-00019877": "tool-making and the example I used was I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00072-00019878-00020192": "have a piece of Flint and I picture the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00073-00020193-00020402": "the arrowhead in the Flint and all of a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00074-00020403-00020575": "sudden I'm starting to chip away at that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00075-00020576-00020897": "piece of rock to create that Arrowhead", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00076-00020898-00021169": "in the same way and again this may be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00077-00021170-00021431": "forced but I do see this the homology", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00078-00021432-00021758": "with an idea in my mind and then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00079-00021759-00021944": "chipping away at that we're not sort of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00080-00021945-00022055": "chipping away but actually that actually", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00081-00022056-00022276": "is more synthetic in terms of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00082-00022277-00022462": "subject-verb-object", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00083-00022463-00022829": "and I think maybe it was John Williamson", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00084-00022830-00023096": "was saying that well in other languages", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00085-00023097-00023417": "that's not a no in in Chinese it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00086-00023418-00023672": "symbol language but logic but I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00087-00023673-00023825": "it's the same thing it's just a matter", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00088-00023826-00024244": "of the sort of the components which I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00089-00024245-00024629": "actually did read this associate of Noam", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00090-00024630-00024899": "Chomsky's Berwick published a book on", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00091-00024900-00025133": "why only us which is very interesting", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00092-00025134-00025355": "because there is a lot of theory and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00093-00025356-00025508": "language theory in there that I wasn't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00094-00025509-00025840": "aware of so but I read the whole thing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00095-00025841-00026095": "and I still am thinking the same way but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00096-00026097-00026306": "that's maybe because I'm not smart", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00097-00026307-00026669": "enough to get out of my own way here", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00098-00026670-00027263": "justjust say junks with us who is that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00099-00027264-00027569": "yeah who's rich I have a question on", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00100-00027570-00027962": "this I don't understand what it means", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00101-00027963-00028244": "for a language to be Neel potent yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00102-00028245-00028538": "I'm just looking at the definition no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00103-00028539-00028763": "potent was an algebra term if you take", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00104-00028764-00029006": "something to some power eventually it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00105-00029007-00029399": "hits zero uh-huh and so if you speak", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00106-00029400-00029567": "long enough you cancel everything you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00107-00029568-00029714": "meant to say and there's nothing there", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00108-00029714-00030056": "that is unlikely to be what you mean", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00109-00030057-00030275": "when you say language is not Poland what", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00110-00030276-00030902": "does it mean I think for me I think more", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00111-00030902-00031118": "in terms of conversation rather than", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00112-00031119-00031558": "language per se so I am interested in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00113-00031560-00031694": "the fact that conversations have a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00114-00031695-00032014": "beginning and an end and I'm interested", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00115-00032016-00032533": "in the end and what is it what is it at", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00116-00032535-00032786": "what point do we decide that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00117-00032787-00033112": "we have finished a particular", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00118-00033113-00033476": "conversation occurred or is it is it is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00119-00033477-00033751": "there something that has been achieved", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00120-00033752-00034282": "in the journey of the conversation that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00121-00034283-00034526": "we feel that there's a sort of natural", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00122-00034527-00034798": "conclusion to it it's it's here and I'm", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00123-00034799-00035192": "mindful that language or conversation", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00124-00035193-00035459": "particularly but what the word is combi", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00125-00035460-00035690": "sorry it's to turn together it's a dance", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00126-00035691-00035918": "and there is a point at which the dance", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00127-00035919-00036338": "stops and in that sense it's musical for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00128-00036339-00036599": "me but then my background is in music so", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00129-00036600-00036779": "I tend to think of these things in in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00130-00036780-00037037": "musical terms but a piece of music has", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00131-00037038-00037777": "to stop at some point how about the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00132-00037778-00038297": "neverending rise you know it's the one", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00133-00038298-00038444": "where they they play games with the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00134-00038445-00038609": "octave so you just keep going up and up", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00135-00038610-00038779": "forever yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00136-00038780-00039038": "well that never stops unless you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00137-00039039-00039401": "arbitrarily shut it off no but does it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00138-00039402-00039647": "come down at all no that's the whole", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00139-00039648-00040013": "point", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00140-00040014-00040467": "it's this is an approximation of what", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00141-00040468-00040773": "the way of what it is so you play a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00142-00040774-00041214": "chord and the chord is a mixture of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00143-00041215-00041502": "several octaves the middle octave has", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00144-00041503-00041664": "the higher volume than the ones I'm", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00145-00041665-00041922": "either in then you move up to the next", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00146-00041923-00042201": "note mm-hmm and next note on the next", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00147-00042202-00042411": "note at some point when you get about an", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00148-00042412-00042780": "octave higher the the dominant octave is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00149-00042781-00043032": "dropped down so if you're listening to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00150-00043033-00043320": "pitch it's always rising yes I know what", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00151-00043321-00043722": "you mean is that a bit of an optical", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00152-00043723-00043923": "illusion that I doubt it's an aural", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00153-00043924-00044361": "illusion sure but it also keeps on going", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00154-00044362-00044793": "yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah Andrew I can", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00155-00044794-00044961": "give an instance of language being Neil", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00156-00044962-00045321": "Poland oh thank you if you language is a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00157-00045322-00045654": "series of atoms such as phonemes or", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00158-00045655-00046008": "letters then letters add up to nothing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00159-00046009-00046248": "every letter is defined by its", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00160-00046249-00046452": "compliment in the alphabet and talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00161-00046453-00046812": "as a visual object when you read", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00162-00046813-00047139": "something you you you get a meaning but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00163-00047140-00047358": "you don't learn but you never notice", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00164-00047359-00047535": "anything about the font which is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00165-00047536-00047790": "invisible the font is designed to vanish", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00166-00047791-00048132": "and every letter vanishes in its font", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00167-00048133-00048294": "you might think letters are designed to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00168-00048295-00048555": "be visual and to leap out at you in fact", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00169-00048556-00048747": "they are designed to be camouflaged", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00170-00048748-00049008": "amongst other letters and that's what", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00171-00049009-00049194": "typographers do that's why they share", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00172-00049195-00049566": "features so a letter is like am I on", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00173-00049567-00049842": "Fermi on that appears for a moment and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00174-00049843-00050073": "then vanishes as you run your line your", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00175-00050074-00050436": "I along the line and that's how the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00176-00050437-00050811": "series of it comes out of nothing I can", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00177-00050812-00050973": "further add when you look at a page in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00178-00050974-00051180": "text there is nothing to say about it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00179-00051181-00051436": "until you begin to read it it has no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00180-00051437-00051748": "pattern or no form and if something is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00181-00051749-00052068": "on the page like a dead fly it leaps out", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00182-00052069-00052285": "at you because it's as if it's a blank", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00183-00052286-00053166": "nothing a dead fly lives now - you see", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00184-00053167-00053341": "it's it is it's like a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00185-00053341-00053578": "vacuum out of which these letters emerge", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00186-00053579-00053832": "one after the other the fly is newer", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00187-00053833-00054484": "potent the fly is this anti nil potent", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00188-00054485-00054774": "thing it's if the letters which are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00189-00054775-00055032": "camouflaged in the text and and come out", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00190-00055033-00055336": "at you I have I've written about this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00191-00055337-00055615": "and you want to and you gave a very good", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00192-00055616-00055791": "presentation on this which is on video", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00193-00055792-00056191": "which I can share with people if I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00194-00056191-00056493": "the same applies to musical scales and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00195-00056494-00057080": "numerals and other digital interfaces", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00196-00057082-00057444": "where where you have a set of objects", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00197-00057445-00057681": "which occur in a sequence to give a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00198-00057682-00058084": "message I think we should ask Peter", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00199-00058085-00058225": "because we're sort of being very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00200-00058226-00058407": "metaphorical and waving our arms around", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00201-00058408-00058662": "here about no potency and perhaps Peter", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00202-00058663-00058921": "you can you can give us your opinion as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00203-00058922-00059037": "to whether you think we're completely", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00204-00059038-00059221": "mad or whether there might be something", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00205-00059222-00059529": "in this I don't think you're completely", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00206-00059530-00059831": "mad just come on", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00207-00059832-00060231": "thank you but yeah what Andrew said is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00208-00060232-00060582": "very interesting I'm just saying is that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00209-00060583-00060879": "I don't really know that I've got a lot", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00210-00060880-00061312": "immediately to say about this language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00211-00061313-00061692": "is it something that is part of our", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00212-00061694-00062025": "thinking process and us and so a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00213-00062026-00062287": "thinking process is important in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00214-00062288-00062538": "sense that we connect with the rest of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00215-00062539-00062860": "the universe when we think and and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00216-00062861-00063115": "that's the way I look in it so in that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00217-00063116-00063334": "sense languages you know part of that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00218-00063335-00063388": "process", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00219-00063389-00064012": "I noticed that the David Bohm film which", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00220-00064013-00064171": "I sent round a ton of people had a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00221-00064172-00064438": "chance to watch but a week after it was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00222-00064439-00064500": "released", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00223-00064501-00064818": "Rupert Sheldrake released a sort of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00224-00064819-00065019": "interview that he did with a friend of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00225-00065020-00065404": "his almost to say hey folks they've made", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00226-00065404-00065728": "a film about me and and I think there's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00227-00065729-00065887": "a vast difference between Rupert", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00228-00065888-00066142": "Sheldrake and David Bohm but but of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00229-00066143-00066306": "course Rupert Sheldrake would say when", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00230-00066307-00066525": "you think of something it has an effect", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00231-00066526-00066655": "in his morphing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00232-00066656-00066820": "filled in the rest of the universe that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00233-00066821-00067039": "makes a thing more thinkable somewhere", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00234-00067040-00067240": "else that's his hole and you kind of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00235-00067241-00067441": "think I wearing crazy territory here", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00236-00067442-00067735": "yeah because I mean he assumes that very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00237-00067736-00067942": "tiny effects can actually have big", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00238-00067943-00068412": "consequences which very often they can't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00239-00068413-00068662": "sometimes they can but most of the time", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00240-00068663-00068941": "they can't but they theoretically affect", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00241-00068942-00069181": "everything else but it doesn't mean that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00242-00069182-00069511": "you can transmit thoughts for somewhere", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00243-00069512-00069817": "else or anything like that so you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00244-00069818-00070042": "talking now is having an effect in all", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00245-00070043-00070765": "of us yes what is there a way what do I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00246-00070766-00071805": "want to say about that if it has a small", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00247-00071806-00072669": "[Music]", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00248-00072670-00072916": "the whole of nature worked on milk", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00249-00072917-00073141": "potency but whether you better you think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00250-00073142-00073420": "that you can get some large scale effect", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00251-00073421-00073882": "and call it that or whether you're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00252-00073883-00074134": "talking about the that's the structural", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00253-00074135-00074314": "components of something is a different", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00254-00074315-00074905": "thing and of connecting with the rest of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00255-00074906-00075226": "the universe is we do connect with the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00256-00075227-00075487": "rest of the universe we connect as John", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00257-00075488-00075841": "spelled us and it connects immediately", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00258-00075842-00076117": "it's a sort of homeostasis if you want", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00259-00076118-00076764": "to use that metaphor see about entropy", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00260-00076765-00077176": "is this thing originally well where", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00261-00077177-00077511": "where I start using the term is for a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00262-00077512-00077809": "fermion a particle physics particle a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00263-00077810-00078049": "fundamental particle fundamental", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00264-00078050-00078343": "particle seems to exist in such a way", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00265-00078344-00078622": "that it has a mirror image in the rest", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00266-00078623-00079000": "of the universe so it's a total", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00267-00079001-00079168": "cancellation between the particle and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00268-00079169-00079453": "the universe and this is how power", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00269-00079454-00079753": "exclusion works because no other fermion", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00270-00079754-00080017": "can look like it no none", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00271-00080018-00080293": "no other one can be exactly the same now", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00272-00080294-00080545": "how that translates hop to other things", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00273-00080546-00080806": "is another issue but because because a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00274-00080807-00081235": "single particle is no potent it any", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00275-00081236-00081460": "effect on the universe will also affect", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00276-00081461-00081709": "that particle and vice versa and the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00277-00081710-00081876": "effect on the particle affect the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00278-00081877-00082138": "universe but it depends on what level", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00279-00082139-00082471": "you're talking about particle in in my", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00280-00082472-00082699": "hand an electron in my hand isn't going", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00281-00082700-00083119": "to to change the whole structure of the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00282-00083120-00083293": "universe in the ordinary sense of that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00283-00083294-00084015": "well people would notice I think I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00284-00084016-00084253": "they'll potency here we're not talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00285-00084254-00084415": "about something which is very very small", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00286-00084416-00084547": "which goes down to something which is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00287-00084548-00084748": "nothing at all we're talking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00288-00084749-00084928": "something which which has it which has a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00289-00084929-00085401": "structure which connects different parts", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00290-00085402-00085891": "of it together in terms of constraints", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00291-00085892-00086191": "which have put on the kind of function", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00292-00086192-00086413": "which this thing can have so if you take", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00293-00086414-00086653": "one of those fermions that Fermi on has", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00294-00086654-00086844": "a solution which is oscillatory which is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00295-00086845-00087031": "an oscillating solution which is which", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00296-00087032-00087499": "is a harmonic solution and that can be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00297-00087500-00087742": "the case with an annuitant system", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00298-00087743-00088101": "because the total change on what's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00299-00088102-00088504": "happening is is of this of the system is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00300-00088505-00088782": "zero so it's a system which is which is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00301-00088783-00089169": "a zero change system not a zero not not", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00302-00089170-00089386": "an almost not there at all system so", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00303-00089387-00089539": "this isn't zero in the sense of it not", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00304-00089540-00089716": "being there at all it's more zero in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00305-00089717-00090216": "sense of being of being connected and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00306-00090217-00090943": "unchanging in that sense so so so yes I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00307-00090944-00091174": "mean you could say that so if we're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00308-00091175-00091428": "talking about language being nilpotent", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00309-00091429-00091684": "you could say that the terms of a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00310-00091685-00091818": "conversation would then lead to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00311-00091819-00092119": "something which game came back in some", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00312-00092120-00092278": "sense full circle came back to a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00313-00092279-00092542": "completion now in music as well you have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00314-00092543-00092701": "something coming back to a completion as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00315-00092702-00092950": "you go around around an octave so I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00316-00092951-00093166": "guess that that could also be in that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00317-00093167-00093354": "sense", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00318-00093355-00093963": "Nilla potent but I'm thinking at the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00319-00093964-00094110": "same time here in terms of language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00320-00094111-00094368": "which is very complex and I hope a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00321-00094369-00094515": "language always go somewhere and produce", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00322-00094516-00094740": "some change some conversation will", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00323-00094741-00095081": "produce some change some growth some", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00324-00095082-00095379": "additional understanding when I guess", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00325-00095380-00095697": "then you'd say that that wasn't no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00326-00095698-00096300": "potent in the system John his his the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00327-00096301-00096912": "the the local and the non-local stuff is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00328-00096913-00097074": "different in that sense so the local", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00329-00097075-00097290": "stuff will never completely be new no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00330-00097291-00097532": "potent it will never completely cancel", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00331-00097533-00097692": "itself out so that is where the change", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00332-00097693-00097935": "comes from isn't it yeah it never", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00333-00097936-00098235": "completely cancels itself I mean it did", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00334-00098236-00098373": "no problem doesn't mean nothing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00335-00098374-00098625": "it means square root of nothing it means", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00336-00098626-00098906": "it can be created into nothing it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00337-00098907-00099222": "doesn't mean it is nothing and it never", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00338-00099223-00099543": "does become nothing he always changes as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00339-00099544-00099915": "the other component that it's its", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00340-00099916-00100173": "partner changes and that's the rest of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00341-00100174-00100544": "the universe okay isn't that just like a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00342-00100545-00100842": "word in a dictionary is defined in terms", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00343-00100843-00101016": "of other words is a closed system a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00344-00101017-00101276": "language is a closed universe where", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00345-00101277-00101632": "every word is defined by its complement", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00346-00101633-00101967": "in the same way harold bloom the critic", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00347-00101968-00102201": "says the content of a poem is another", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00348-00102202-00102498": "poem so all the poems form a closed", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00349-00102499-00102774": "system and if you how can I put it you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00350-00102775-00102975": "can't just write a poem you have to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00351-00102976-00103244": "write a poem celebre so respects all the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00352-00103245-00103422": "other poems that have gone before unless", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00353-00103423-00103835": "you're an idiot it's a closed system you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00354-00103836-00104073": "have a balance between the marked thing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00355-00104074-00104360": "mr. poem and the unmarked thing which is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00356-00104361-00104700": "the rest of poetry that's the case I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00357-00104701-00104889": "mean if we're just going in circles when", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00358-00104890-00105120": "we read prose or poetry is that just", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00359-00105121-00105423": "being into trimmers deceptive practice", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00360-00105424-00105633": "are we just deceiving ourselves into", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00361-00105633-00105903": "actually making you know some sort of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00362-00105904-00106152": "other than like the Magna Carta or the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00363-00106153-00106506": "Constitution or some inflammatory mind", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00364-00106507-00106688": "comp which does you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00365-00106689-00106883": "make for change in society but those are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00366-00106883-00107054": "a few and far between but otherwise is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00367-00107055-00107222": "it just busywork we're just going in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00368-00107223-00107576": "circles and that's yeah quick I think a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00369-00107577-00107758": "lot of literature has in a lot of living", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00370-00107759-00107945": "things it's just busy work it's just one", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00371-00107946-00108167": "damn insect after another but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00372-00108168-00108524": "occasionally but except in my experience", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00373-00108525-00108889": "in a rereading classic literature or the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00374-00108890-00109220": "example I love is you know the play our", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00375-00109221-00109520": "town certain rather you know as you see", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00376-00109521-00109871": "it across your own life cycle you change", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00377-00109872-00110120": "you recognize that the work isn't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00378-00110121-00110402": "changing with you so in what sense it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00379-00110403-00110582": "very dynamic but it's not the you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00380-00110583-00110930": "it's not that synchronic process it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00381-00110931-00111089": "the diachronic process that really is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00382-00111090-00111323": "absolutely moment process yeah but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00383-00111324-00111905": "that's particularly true in music so if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00384-00111906-00112253": "you play a Beethoven sonata or whatever", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00385-00112254-00112547": "it might be and personally I'm very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00386-00112548-00112838": "aware that I'm doing something that has", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00387-00112839-00113255": "been repeated across a couple of hundred", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00388-00113256-00113720": "years or so and it's it's it's as if the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00389-00113721-00114113": "language is there yes it's um it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00390-00114114-00114310": "something that goes round in circles but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00391-00114311-00114542": "it has this sort of coherence to it his", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00392-00114543-00114725": "circular structure has something", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00393-00114726-00114968": "coherent to it which makes it survive", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00394-00114969-00115297": "and exist across generations across time", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00395-00115298-00115670": "but it's it's the sort of the it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00396-00115671-00116461": "almost a way of it gives you a it's like", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00397-00116463-00116707": "a long distance telescope into history", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00398-00116708-00117089": "it's biological history yeah I remember", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00399-00117090-00117440": "attending the opening season of Boston", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00400-00117441-00117632": "Symphony years ago and they were playing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00401-00117633-00117803": "Beethoven's consecration of the house", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00402-00117804-00117929": "and I'm reading the liner notes and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00403-00117930-00118076": "they're saying you know when this was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00404-00118077-00118256": "first played they were basically no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00405-00118257-00118493": "ambient noise out back you know other", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00406-00118494-00118670": "than the clapping you know some horse", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00407-00118671-00118895": "coin buy it was so different from the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00408-00118896-00119078": "experience I was having you know and you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00409-00119079-00119333": "know contemporary Boston but yes so he", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00410-00119333-00119564": "had that universality but there's also", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00411-00119565-00119771": "that immediacy of it too there's like", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00412-00119772-00120061": "this reverberation the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00413-00120063-00120275": "across space-time is that what you're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00414-00120276-00120479": "saying yes I'd yes definitely and it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00415-00120480-00121154": "it's as if you see when you actually", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00416-00121155-00121454": "play it you and it's is hard it's hot", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00417-00121455-00121673": "it's difficult to do it's you you have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00418-00121674-00121871": "to train yourself you have to you have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00419-00121872-00122134": "to go through a sort of pedagogy with", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00420-00122135-00122308": "yourselves to make them do the things", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00421-00122309-00122513": "that need to be done and you know that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00422-00122514-00122678": "everybody who has attempted this thing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00423-00122679-00122843": "before you has had to go through exactly", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00424-00122844-00123041": "the same thing because basically they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00425-00123042-00123416": "were the same and that that there's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00426-00123417-00124442": "something powerful in them it's almost", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00427-00124443-00124871": "as if we perform language we think of it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00428-00124872-00125150": "as a tool but maybe we perform it maybe", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00429-00125151-00125378": "I don't know it can I go back to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00430-00125379-00125603": "something that John and Ann Andrew was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00431-00125604-00125741": "saying which was very interesting coming", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00432-00125742-00125879": "back to bone as well in the employ to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00433-00125880-00126149": "implicit and explicate order and I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00434-00126150-00126314": "it was John who said something along the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00435-00126315-00126653": "lines of maybe language is already in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00436-00126654-00127001": "the implicit regime the mathematics is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00437-00127002-00127193": "originally in the implicit regime I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00438-00127194-00127277": "think that he was talking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00439-00127278-00127481": "mathematics is a language perhaps", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00440-00127482-00127676": "language 2 is also already in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00441-00127677-00127901": "implicit regime as one's using it for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00442-00127902-00128240": "thinking it kind of in very often I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00443-00128241-00128333": "don't know if there's other people's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00444-00128333-00128627": "experience of thinking as well but for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00445-00128628-00128789": "me the language kind of vanishes in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00446-00128790-00128959": "thinking and thinking becomes something", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00447-00128960-00129334": "which is language language is there it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00448-00129335-00129521": "part of thinking it's played the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00449-00129522-00129722": "verbalization is what's coming out right", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00450-00129723-00129830": "at the moment and what I'm trying to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00451-00129831-00130046": "think where the actual thinking process", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00452-00130047-00130664": "is is is is pre-light is using language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00453-00130665-00130847": "but language there is a medium like", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00454-00130848-00130988": "Andrew was saying which is kind of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00455-00130989-00131384": "invisible in that process yes baron see", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00456-00131385-00131666": "of language yes yes designed to be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00457-00131667-00131921": "transparent that's what this guy burn", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00458-00131922-00132128": "with this thing and this book about you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00459-00132129-00132461": "know evolution of language so it's the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00460-00132462-00132815": "medium for thinking and I guess I mean I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00461-00132816-00132977": "would throw out the idea that maybe the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00462-00132978-00133388": "language is acting as a matrix for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00463-00133389-00133445": "connecting", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00464-00133446-00133604": "our consciousness with the consciousness", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00465-00133605-00133829": "as a cosmos and that would that would", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00466-00133830-00133982": "put it firmly in the realm of the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00467-00133983-00134168": "implicit order then in terms of booms", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00468-00134169-00134597": "thinking which transmits transcended I I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00469-00134598-00134714": "would submit strength that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00470-00134715-00134801": "transcendent", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00471-00134802-00134972": "it's not the math is already there I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00472-00134973-00135227": "think the language gets you moves you in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00473-00135228-00135617": "that direction towards the but if I say", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00474-00135618-00135782": "for example something simple like the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00475-00135783-00136061": "word apple or grape then I'm talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00476-00136062-00136196": "about something which is expert which", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00477-00136197-00136319": "can be Exorcist", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00478-00136320-00136637": "well here's an explication great so and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00479-00136638-00136901": "so so so but but in terms of me thinking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00480-00136902-00137336": "that is that not implicit it depends", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00481-00137337-00137549": "upon how far you your mind follows", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00482-00137550-00138671": "though I said if you eat the grape does", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00483-00138672-00139307": "that make it nope okay here's another", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00484-00139308-00140069": "great what if you wrote a poem about the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00485-00140070-00140675": "grape I'd have to be quite a bit better", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00486-00140676-00141056": "at English than I am at the moment you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00487-00141057-00141212": "know I think we should be thinking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00488-00141213-00141404": "scientific outputs of this discussion", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00489-00141405-00141572": "group and maybe some poetry about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00490-00141573-00141770": "inanimate objects would be a good place", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00491-00141771-00142235": "that's about my level I think there if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00492-00142236-00142774": "we try to do that in terms of that okay", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00493-00142775-00143279": "yes perdón but but also mathematics as a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00494-00143280-00143375": "language if we're talking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00495-00143376-00143747": "mathematics we can talk about John was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00496-00143748-00143972": "just talking about mathematics being", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00497-00143973-00144161": "being the structure of thinking but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00498-00144162-00144347": "sorry language being the structure of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00499-00144348-00144500": "thinking but I think it's not the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00500-00144501-00144704": "structure but a structure of thinking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00501-00144705-00145001": "and and that mathematics is perhaps you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00502-00145002-00145162": "can say mathematics is another language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00503-00145163-00145475": "but again it's a structure of thinking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00504-00145476-00145610": "and it's a structured way of thinking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00505-00145611-00146018": "which we structure so and think about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00506-00146019-00146228": "whether mathematics is implicit or", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00507-00146229-00146564": "explicit yeah well yeah when you start", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00508-00146565-00146717": "inventing a new mathematics you have no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00509-00146718-00146847": "idea what's going to come out", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00510-00146848-00147082": "when you go through the process of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00511-00147083-00147331": "getting to the point where you have come", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00512-00147332-00147475": "round and you've understood what that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00513-00147476-00147703": "mathematics can tell you within a within", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00514-00147704-00147883": "own with within a framework in which", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00515-00147884-00148081": "it's it's bounded within its own logical", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00516-00148082-00148366": "framework so it certainly starts out", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00517-00148367-00148702": "being implicit and perhaps ends up being", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00518-00148703-00149023": "extricate when when results come out of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00519-00149024-00149170": "it and perhaps language is the same", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00520-00149171-00149311": "thing that it starts in the implicit", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00521-00149312-00149479": "regime and ends up in the explicate when", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00522-00149480-00149893": "when a concrete thing comes out of it so", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00523-00149894-00150043": "I'm thinking you know the experiment", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00524-00150044-00150250": "that bomb describes in wholeness and the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00525-00150251-00150529": "implicit order is with this stretchable", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00526-00150530-00150739": "matrix and it puts two India ink dots on", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00527-00150740-00150931": "it and if the close proximity and then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00528-00150932-00151117": "he stretches the matrix and the dots", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00529-00151118-00151477": "disappear so I mind my understanding of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00530-00151478-00151666": "what that meant was that that's the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00531-00151667-00151858": "transition from the X to get to the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00532-00151859-00152155": "integral it's the abstraction and I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00533-00152156-00152329": "think in that sense math and language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00534-00152330-00152692": "both are I can be a Mozart can be out", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00535-00152693-00153327": "strategies or they can be tangible both", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00536-00153328-00153616": "yeah isn't there something powerful in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00537-00153617-00154363": "the maths though that it it may be part", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00538-00154364-00154609": "of the implicit order but it can also", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00539-00154610-00155059": "describe what that implicit order might", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00540-00155060-00155320": "be so pizza for example it may be no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00541-00155321-00155506": "potent but it can it can actually", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00542-00155507-00155830": "describe at a deeper level what no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00543-00155831-00156007": "potency is because it can produce", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00544-00156008-00156334": "nothing if you use Peters techniques you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00545-00156335-00156499": "you produce nothing and it's a it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00546-00156500-00157051": "magical if you were then played with the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00547-00157052-00157348": "mathematics and see you you were a load", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00548-00157349-00157558": "of physics things to think about and you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00549-00157559-00157795": "put the mathematics next to it starts", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00550-00157796-00158089": "explaining the physics yeah well you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00551-00158090-00158517": "know that's something very odd about it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00552-00158518-00158806": "do you want a piece do you actually", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00553-00158807-00159040": "consciously write each word because I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00554-00159041-00159379": "don't think I do no no I think I do a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00555-00159380-00159682": "Toli it comes out of me and when I look", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00556-00159683-00159853": "over it I think oh yeah you know right", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00557-00159854-00160126": "don't always you know work out exactly", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00558-00160127-00160199": "what I'm going to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00559-00160200-00160514": "at all yes it's almost like the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00560-00160515-00160715": "mathematics is talking back to you in a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00561-00160716-00160901": "sense when you do it isn't it as though", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00562-00160902-00161051": "you're almost having a conversation with", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00563-00161052-00161489": "the mats yeah right pros and do", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00564-00161490-00161654": "mathematics seems to be pretty similar", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00565-00161655-00162038": "it's all kind of intuitive and it it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00566-00162039-00162344": "comes out in its own order I've just", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00567-00162345-00162554": "been looking at a passage in Gregory", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00568-00162555-00162839": "Bateson's work where he describes he's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00569-00162840-00163004": "talking about information theory and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00570-00163005-00163586": "he's describing the process of on the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00571-00163587-00163865": "one hand dealing with the problem of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00572-00163866-00164066": "spelling so dealing with the the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00573-00164067-00164309": "information entropy of choosing the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00574-00164310-00164546": "right letters to spell a word but then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00575-00164547-00164804": "saying I have a higher level selection", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00576-00164805-00164960": "process to go through where I'm trying", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00577-00164961-00165311": "to choose the appropriate word and his", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00578-00165312-00165554": "argument is that actually if I have the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00579-00165555-00165749": "higher level selection process to choose", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00580-00165750-00166013": "the appropriate word it must entail the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00581-00166014-00166229": "fact that I've already solved or already", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00582-00166230-00166550": "got some idea of solving the lower level", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00583-00166551-00166751": "entropy problem of how to spell the word", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00584-00166752-00167147": "and it's it's a it's a fascinating", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00585-00167148-00167318": "because I mean everything in bayson is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00586-00167319-00167801": "about levels and recursion and I think I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00587-00167802-00167942": "think Peter what you've just said is is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00588-00167943-00168275": "of the same of the same the same kind of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00589-00168276-00168608": "issue really hmm very very likely yes", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00590-00168609-00169007": "but this may not making sense but as a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00591-00169008-00169376": "dyslexic I must say the spelling always", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00592-00169377-00169646": "is a very different process than the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00593-00169647-00170012": "finding of the word I I can't spell", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00594-00170013-00170171": "anything and I have to discover how to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00595-00170172-00170233": "spell it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00596-00170234-00170660": "long after the word has shown up that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00597-00170661-00170909": "interesting so I wonder if fun I wonder", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00598-00170910-00171221": "what Basin would say to that he would", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00599-00171222-00171617": "say yeah okay so that's that's maybe", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00600-00171618-00171776": "that's reveals something about the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00601-00171777-00171959": "selection processes that are particular", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00602-00171960-00172271": "to dyslexia perhaps and when I read I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00603-00172272-00172601": "don't see the letters exactly", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00604-00172602-00172841": "letters are designed to vanish but if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00605-00172842-00173138": "you that supposes a certain level of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00606-00173139-00173399": "acuity and perception and if you see", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00607-00173400-00173585": "things differently if your very own", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00608-00173586-00173966": "and if you have very good vision you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00609-00173967-00174377": "will not be able to read very well so", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00610-00174378-00174604": "the reason that we can read and say a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00611-00174605-00174815": "gorilla can't is not just a matter of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00612-00174816-00175097": "them it's in part that they could see", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00613-00175098-00175303": "and perceive better than us I would", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00614-00175304-00175631": "guess we have to lower our perception in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00615-00175632-00175895": "order to make letters vanish in order to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00616-00175896-00176384": "make the word appear yeah so dyslexia I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00617-00176385-00176813": "would guess is an activism I was talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00618-00176814-00177016": "to another friend of mine whose son is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00619-00177017-00177241": "dyslexic as is he and he was pointing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00620-00177242-00177465": "out that it took him a while to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00621-00177466-00177845": "understand and how his what his son was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00622-00177846-00178003": "saying how it related to what he was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00623-00178004-00178259": "thinking and basically he jumps and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00624-00178260-00178499": "leaves big chunks out and once you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00625-00178500-00178685": "realized like getting across the stream", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00626-00178686-00178844": "you don't have to step on every stone", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00627-00178845-00179099": "you can get across but other people who", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00628-00179100-00179324": "think you have to step on yeah it's a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00629-00179325-00179582": "communication problems I think that that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00630-00179583-00180153": "may you know I have a horrible problem", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00631-00180154-00180422": "explaining new things things that are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00632-00180423-00180794": "new to me to other people because I in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00633-00180795-00181001": "the way my brain works or doesn't work", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00634-00181002-00181331": "is it it jumps and doesn't just like it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00635-00181332-00181568": "reads it doesn't pay much attention to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00636-00181569-00181907": "the the things that skips over and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00637-00181908-00182186": "they're there yeah part of it somehow", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00638-00182187-00182345": "but there you can go I can go back and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00639-00182346-00182585": "find them like I can the letters but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00640-00182586-00182833": "that's not the way it's occurring to me", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00641-00182834-00183145": "is this bringing some discreteness then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00642-00183146-00183347": "into your thinking as opposed to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00643-00183348-00183731": "continuous is this just this chip does", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00644-00183732-00184025": "this feather into the discussion we have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00645-00184026-00184216": "been having also about the discrete and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00646-00184217-00184715": "continuous I don't know it just seems", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00647-00184716-00185045": "more poetic more like a flow like you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00648-00185046-00185396": "have to go back almost like the way I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00649-00185397-00185665": "understand Einstein's approach about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00650-00185666-00185912": "making the comparison believe me but it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00651-00185913-00186175": "seemed like he would get a feeling for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00652-00186176-00186407": "discontinuity in the way things were", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00653-00186408-00186604": "explained you know that's not right and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00654-00186605-00186812": "then he would figure it out and work out", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00655-00186813-00186926": "the math over 20", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00656-00186927-00187181": "thirty years it's a little bit of that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00657-00187182-00187550": "flavor you know because you know if you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00658-00187551-00187712": "skip parts you never certain you have to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00659-00187713-00187967": "go back and check right but if you if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00660-00187968-00188093": "you're checking is you're going you're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00661-00188094-00188435": "not getting very far I don't know well I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00662-00188436-00188606": "know weird but I think you can I can", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00663-00188607-00188756": "bring that on what you just described", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00664-00188757-00188924": "mark on to luck for myself because", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00665-00188925-00189311": "device if I just read freely it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00666-00189312-00189461": "different from advice think about each", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00667-00189462-00189671": "word as I'm going along it's two", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00668-00189672-00189800": "different they're two different", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00669-00189801-00189983": "experiences so yes maybe that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00670-00189984-00190127": "recapitulating what you're talking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00671-00190128-00190682": "a couple of questions aren't you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00672-00190683-00191135": "reducing language to letters I mean it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00673-00191136-00191267": "seems that we're not doing that right", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00674-00191268-00191816": "now I'm not sure but that Macy's somehow", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00675-00191817-00193132": "in animals is not letters or words quite", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00676-00193133-00193346": "because you can always paraphrase", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00677-00193347-00193499": "something and the paraphrase of a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00678-00193500-00193694": "paraphrase is a paraphrase you can go on", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00679-00193695-00193943": "and on so and if I say what was that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00680-00193944-00194087": "book about it's like the Woody Allen", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00681-00194088-00194366": "joke he said he read war and peace he", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00682-00194367-00194843": "was about some Russians you know the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00683-00194844-00195194": "reason is because the letters were given", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00684-00195195-00195533": "us an example of no potency of language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00685-00195534-00195764": "so just taking that point and the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00686-00195765-00196237": "question the other thing that that seems", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00687-00196238-00196814": "that I have is someone said you're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00688-00196815-00197314": "having a conversation with so it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00689-00197315-00197864": "that's not I don't see no potency there", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00690-00197865-00198071": "I'm not sure there's something that is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00691-00198072-00198386": "very much alive rather than so-called", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00692-00198387-00199346": "dead letters so questions thinking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00693-00199347-00199592": "a question as people have been talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00694-00199593-00199888": "because there's this question about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00695-00199889-00200225": "language being a tool and that's John", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00696-00200226-00200301": "there's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00697-00200302-00200541": "very much what you've been you've been", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00698-00200542-00200718": "thinking as well that language is a tool", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00699-00200719-00200952": "and I suppose the question is then well", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00700-00200953-00201459": "what does the tool do and to lend me", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00701-00201460-00201897": "sorry rules vanish tools vanish or is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00702-00201898-00202281": "the / is the is the tool of language is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00703-00202282-00202518": "its is its function to make the world", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00704-00202519-00202956": "disappear because we spent a lot of time", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00705-00202957-00203286": "talking about how language can jump over", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00706-00203287-00203894": "things or make things make things", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00707-00203895-00204126": "simpler in some ways or more tractable", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00708-00204127-00204312": "but a lot of the complexity of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00709-00204313-00204594": "perception disappears when we are able", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00710-00204595-00204804": "to articulate it in language so maybe", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00711-00204805-00204978": "language is doing a disappearing act on", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00712-00204979-00205292": "the world this is it absolutely it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00713-00205294-00205575": "taking the verb out of its making things", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00714-00205576-00206132": "out of processes thinking math you think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00715-00206133-00206358": "well I think it's related to what you're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00716-00206359-00206450": "saying", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00717-00206451-00206850": "yeah language in my my my understanding", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00718-00206851-00207201": "of language is that it makes things", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00719-00207202-00207534": "tracked attractable usable you can move", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00720-00207535-00207702": "them around once you have a word you can", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00721-00207703-00207831": "set it over there you can set over there", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00722-00207832-00208104": "but it's lost almost all of its life yes", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00723-00208105-00208812": "okay so this is so I kind of it might be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00724-00208813-00209244": "worth talking about Maturana a mark I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00725-00209244-00209369": "was going to ask you about this because", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00726-00209371-00209663": "you mentioned it before the last session", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00727-00209664-00210135": "I think I mean I personally have some", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00728-00210136-00210300": "issues with matter on it because I feel", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00729-00210301-00210623": "that he doesn't have the depth which we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00730-00210625-00210867": "potentially might have if we start to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00731-00210867-00211182": "seriously talk about no potency but but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00732-00211183-00211335": "I think it would be worth just sort of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00733-00211336-00211485": "thinking about what matter Ana's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00734-00211486-00211806": "argument was is because he's still round", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00735-00211807-00212754": "isn't he Braille is dead my brother died", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00736-00212755-00213294": "I think he's 91 92 yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00737-00213294-00213891": "sorry can I just", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00738-00213892-00214121": "so it is always saying that language is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00739-00214123-00214317": "just a form of that distraction is that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00740-00214317-00214526": "why the reality disappears because we're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00741-00214527-00215156": "extracting well define the abstraction", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00742-00215157-00215351": "because to me that's a slightly", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00743-00215352-00215538": "confusing word which is kind of ironic", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00744-00215539-00216155": "but yeah if by abstraction you mean what", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00745-00216156-00216363": "I was saying is that you take only a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00746-00216364-00216648": "part and you leave the rest if that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00747-00216648-00216864": "what you mean like definitely it's an", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00748-00216865-00217089": "abstraction if you mean that somehow", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00749-00217090-00217400": "it's left not real whatever that means I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00750-00217401-00217583": "don't think it's gotten rid of all", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00751-00217584-00217784": "reality it's just gotten rid of all the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00752-00217785-00218077": "the moving reality all the possibilities", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00753-00218078-00218441": "right I think this is very good", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00754-00218442-00218739": "can I just ask everybody to try and do", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00755-00218740-00219039": "something for a moment or to try and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00756-00219040-00219185": "imagine you just as intelligent as you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00757-00219186-00219527": "are but you have no language and think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00758-00219528-00219696": "about the world without language what", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00759-00219696-00219840": "would the world without language look", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00760-00219841-00220092": "like to an equally intelligent creature", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00761-00220092-00220314": "a dolphin or something that has no hat", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00762-00220315-00220492": "is equally smart that has no language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00763-00220494-00220863": "can can think about that what is it it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00764-00220864-00221000": "like the it's like the Monty Python you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00765-00221001-00221219": "know what did the Romans do for us yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00766-00221221-00221432": "what does language do for us here", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00767-00221433-00221712": "imagine imagine language less does that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00768-00221713-00222002": "mean one can't think I think not but how", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00769-00222003-00222192": "would that language look without how", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00770-00222192-00222371": "would that thinking process look without", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00771-00222373-00222608": "language for each one of us I think it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00772-00222609-00222837": "goes back to what I was positing earlier", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00773-00222838-00223073": "about it's it's what you're working with", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00774-00223075-00223349": "their ideas and and ideas are as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00775-00223350-00223556": "somebody said pre-linguistic yeah yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00776-00223557-00223817": "you go look for the word once the idea", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00777-00223819-00224021": "the sensation is shown up and I think a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00778-00224023-00224371": "dolphin my guess would be dolphins have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00779-00224373-00224841": "visual and tactile ideas and they have a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00780-00224842-00225114": "language of sorts or a communication", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00781-00225115-00225476": "code but I think ideas are pretty", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00782-00225477-00225573": "twisted yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00783-00225573-00225840": "and I think it's about intuition and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00784-00225841-00226031": "consciousness rather than cognitive", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00785-00226032-00226319": "processes up in the head", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00786-00226321-00226584": "so well what I was saying last week not", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00787-00226585-00226744": "repeat is that I think that we are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00788-00226744-00227038": "unique in that yeah a dolphin can have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00789-00227039-00227173": "an idea but it's only going to be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00790-00227173-00227413": "synchronic I don't think that they have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00791-00227414-00227583": "the facility to do what we do and that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00792-00227584-00227796": "is to also consider the diachronic", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00793-00227796-00228088": "implications the history of whatever it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00794-00228089-00228255": "is that you're dealing with which is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00795-00228256-00228546": "really you know critical in terms of the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00796-00228548-00228782": "difference between us and other species", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00797-00228783-00229002": "they have history in their cells they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00798-00229003-00229273": "don't me oh sure I don't think they can", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00799-00229273-00229471": "bring it to consciousness we I really", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00800-00229471-00229765": "think that's to be able to think of the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00801-00229766-00229977": "past present and future simultaneously I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00802-00229978-00230526": "don't think you're thinking there's this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00803-00230527-00230667": "thing another foot never forgets for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00804-00230669-00230894": "example elephants intelligent creatures", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00805-00230896-00231244": "they have a temporal a temporal sense", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00806-00231244-00231408": "they know about past present future and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00807-00231409-00231552": "if you think about dolphins I mean they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00808-00231553-00231777": "they see with sound so you can imagine", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00809-00231778-00232275": "them having a word for a shape so being", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00810-00232276-00232503": "able to be able to produce a sound which", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00811-00232504-00232690": "represents perhaps a part of what they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00812-00232691-00233146": "see when they see when they see they see", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00813-00233146-00233334": "a group when they see a grape so if they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00814-00233335-00233467": "see a great they can say you know what's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00815-00233467-00233764": "the shake of that greatness and and I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00816-00233765-00233958": "don't see why they shouldn't be able to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00817-00233959-00234139": "remember and pass things on if they're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00818-00234140-00234265": "sufficiently intelligence it doesn't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00819-00234266-00234447": "need to be a language it could be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00820-00234448-00234721": "pictures for example we could if if one", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00821-00234721-00234975": "could say a picture if I could say great", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00822-00234976-00235332": "or Apple or shape or watch could", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00823-00235333-00235591": "actually say that then then and remember", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00824-00235592-00235881": "it as a shape then one could think in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00825-00235882-00236116": "those shapes surely especially if you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00826-00236117-00236992": "say Apple watch that would be a Chinese", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00827-00236992-00237507": "method we design for watching they're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00828-00237508-00237951": "realist painting yeah exactly", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00829-00237952-00238291": "huge meeting in that good men language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00830-00238292-00238792": "isn't it yeah yeah but I think like when", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00831-00238792-00238942": "people talk about you know being under", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00832-00238942-00239167": "extreme stress and your life passes", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00833-00239167-00239575": "before you I think that that's a human", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00834-00239576-00239767": "characteristic that I don't think other", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00835-00239767-00239950": "organisms experience they just fight a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00836-00239951-00240085": "flight or fight", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00837-00240086-00240301": "whereas we problem-solve as well and I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00838-00240302-00240427": "think problem in being able to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00839-00240428-00240616": "problem-solve as an alternative to fight", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00840-00240617-00240931": "or flight that's an abstraction and I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00841-00240932-00241075": "think that's different from other", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00842-00241076-00241336": "organisms don't do you think you're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00843-00241337-00241615": "being I mean I don't want to say this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00844-00241616-00241812": "but we worry a lot about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00845-00241813-00242173": "anthropocentrism and do you think it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00846-00242173-00242590": "an purpose centric to say this you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00847-00242591-00242779": "we probably never will know I was about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00848-00242780-00242956": "to say we'll never know I do I think we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00849-00242957-00243154": "have the capacity to determine this if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00850-00243155-00243400": "we were to understand how to do an MRI", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00851-00243401-00243760": "on a dolphins bone and be able to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00852-00243761-00243996": "visualize how they problem solve the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00853-00243998-00244246": "same way that we do but until we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00854-00244246-00244483": "understand in our own being yeah I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00855-00244484-00244591": "understand what you're saying", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00856-00244592-00244848": "maybe it is in projection of my own but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00857-00244850-00245134": "I guess you know the fact that the head", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00858-00245135-00245382": "structure evolved and there was huge", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00859-00245383-00245692": "selection pressure for that I think and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00860-00245692-00245857": "that and that what now you have the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00861-00245858-00246042": "merging of language and tool-making", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00862-00246044-00246342": "there's one in the same process but in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00863-00246344-00246717": "different modalities and that that as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00864-00246719-00246910": "I've suggested gives rise to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00865-00246911-00247069": "civilization because once you have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00866-00247069-00247267": "written language that that's the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00867-00247267-00247456": "capacity to transfer information from", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00868-00247457-00247702": "one generation to the next that doesn't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00869-00247703-00247948": "exist in any other species so there was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00870-00247948-00248110": "a hierarchical organization there I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00871-00248111-00248442": "think and so yes I I'm vulnerable to be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00872-00248444-00248628": "I try not to be answer eccentric", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00873-00248629-00248887": "desperately but maybe I'm being come out", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00874-00248888-00249017": "ourselves", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00875-00249019-00249217": "John what do you think that the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00876-00249217-00249396": "relationship is between consciousness", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00877-00249398-00249928": "and language oh I think language is an", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00878-00249929-00250126": "expression of consciousness it's a it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00879-00250127-00250387": "an it's the material expression of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00880-00250388-00250923": "consciousness this is the hard problem", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00881-00250923-00251221": "yeah or lack of consciousness I'm fun", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00882-00251221-00251517": "oh so the you know true Chalmers hard", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00883-00251517-00251854": "problem I said many iterations ago in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00884-00251855-00252046": "the zoom that I think that what if that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00885-00252046-00252259": "is you know the example was you rack", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00886-00252260-00252457": "your thumb with a hammer and you see red", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00887-00252458-00252658": "I think that that's because our", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00888-00252659-00252946": "physiology emanates all the way", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00889-00252946-00253083": "the unicellular state and first", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00890-00253084-00253273": "principles physiology and that we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00891-00253273-00253555": "remember that when we do that when we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00892-00253556-00253723": "injure ourselves we remember probably", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00893-00253723-00254023": "bleeding in association with harming", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00894-00254023-00254223": "ourselves and it's an atomistic trait", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00895-00254225-00254590": "that comes back to the to the floor yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00896-00254591-00254740": "that's what I think Chalmers was talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00897-00254741-00255291": "about dude think John that there is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00898-00255292-00255763": "because obviously as I'm making my", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00899-00255764-00256380": "utterances now I'm also engaging my", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00900-00256381-00256648": "physiology in all sorts of ways and that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00901-00256648-00256954": "physiology is producing all sorts of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00902-00256955-00257296": "byproducts and they're not separable", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00903-00257296-00257442": "from the words that I'm speaking are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00904-00257444-00257869": "they no thing has to be taken in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00905-00257869-00258127": "together correct oh and one other thing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00906-00258128-00258394": "I want to say was that so the fine motor", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00907-00258394-00258703": "control and language are housed in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00908-00258704-00258919": "area of Broca in the cerebrum it's only", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00909-00258919-00259171": "us and other primates that have that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00910-00259171-00259426": "structure and in all probability the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00911-00259427-00259627": "difference between up so in that book", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00912-00259628-00259887": "that berwick book he says that there is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00913-00259888-00260332": "very close homology between the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00914-00260333-00260494": "chimpanzees brain and a human brain", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00915-00260494-00260740": "there is a very small difference in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00916-00260741-00260929": "structure and he suggests that there's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00917-00260930-00261084": "some growth factor that's missing I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00918-00261085-00261265": "think I found it in the literature it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00919-00261266-00261442": "Fox p2 which has been claimed to be the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00920-00261442-00261763": "gene for the language Fox p2 also in a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00921-00261764-00261952": "knockout experiment was shown to affect", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00922-00261953-00262297": "bone formation so that and they and the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00923-00262298-00262433": "authors were suggesting that this is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00924-00262434-00262683": "necessary provide bipedalism so you have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00925-00262684-00262932": "a genetic linkage between language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00926-00262933-00263320": "bipedalism and the vertical integration", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00927-00263321-00263581": "of all that as as I was just talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00928-00263582-00263803": "about but Mark you're right I mean yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00929-00263804-00263932": "that's what I'm trying to say is that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00930-00263933-00264163": "the physiology is an integrated vertical", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00931-00264164-00264541": "integration yeah yeah and that's why we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00932-00264542-00264640": "don't think about all of the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00933-00264641-00264907": "intermediate steps unless there's some", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00934-00264908-00265134": "as I've said I you know and having a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00935-00265135-00265381": "near-death experience I really I came to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00936-00265382-00265600": "that realization because I was in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00937-00265601-00265849": "moment I was nowhere I was I was in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00938-00265850-00266152": "limbo it was black and white I had no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00939-00266153-00266314": "fear and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00940-00266315-00266578": "just was totally conscious so what my", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00941-00266579-00266740": "guess is that that and and you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00942-00266741-00266863": "that's people have described these", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00943-00266864-00267058": "near-death experiences or out-of-body", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00944-00267059-00267274": "experiences they're the way that the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00945-00267275-00267475": "neuro endocrine system allows for that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00946-00267476-00267697": "wave collapse and coherence that we see", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00947-00267698-00267882": "in physics I think it's the same thing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00948-00267883-00268330": "not yeah yeah I keep going way back ten", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00949-00268331-00268510": "minutes ago but I'm just thinking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00950-00268511-00269055": "letters and words and and ideas as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00951-00269056-00269344": "Spencer Browns mark and then you ask", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00952-00269345-00269707": "yourself what are what is the utility of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00953-00269708-00270025": "marks in those different hierarchies or", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00954-00270026-00270319": "cat you know I think they are hierarchy", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00955-00270320-00270706": "so you know the distinction between the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00956-00270707-00270913": "background and the in the mark the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00957-00270914-00271138": "foreground it makes a lot of difference", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00958-00271139-00271330": "whether you're focused on words letters", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00959-00271331-00271693": "or words or ideas or sets of ideas and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00960-00271694-00271972": "and so and I I don't I don't claim to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00961-00271973-00272137": "even have any idea what you guys are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00962-00272138-00272314": "talking about with no potent when I go", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00963-00272315-00272566": "read it I I can't even I'm not smart", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00964-00272567-00272737": "enough to know what the square root of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00965-00272738-00272989": "something equaling zero even means the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00966-00272990-00273475": "space okay alright but I think that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00967-00273476-00273673": "there's something I think the world", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00968-00273674-00273880": "appears in the mark I mean I think that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00969-00273881-00274120": "Spencer Browns idea in math is the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00970-00274121-00274336": "that's where everything comes from and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00971-00274337-00274462": "then you get to ask yourself the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00972-00274463-00274753": "interesting question is what kind of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00973-00274754-00274951": "marks are you making you know what kind", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00974-00274952-00275203": "of marks are appealing to you and and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00975-00275204-00275371": "with what consequence and and that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00976-00275372-00275608": "probably is just goofy but there it is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00977-00275609-00276510": "[Music]", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00978-00276511-00276976": "under now was AG can I point out the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00979-00276977-00277327": "alphabet which is transparent a set of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00980-00277328-00277558": "letters you can't see except one at a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00981-00277559-00277738": "time what you are seeing is pure", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00982-00277739-00278158": "difference so there isn't anything there", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00983-00278159-00278476": "and the alphabet is incredibly when you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00984-00278477-00278689": "look at it it's unbelievably complicated", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00985-00278690-00278998": "a font it takes three years to design a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00986-00278999-00279361": "font and they are architectural they are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00987-00279362-00279598": "they match", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00988-00279599-00279883": "movements in art they contain as there's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00989-00279884-00280072": "a there's a something written by Victor", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00990-00280073-00280255": "Hugo he points out all the weird things", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00991-00280256-00280474": "you can find in the alphabet it's as if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00992-00280475-00280713": "it's a compendium of all civilization", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00993-00280714-00281290": "distilled into these symbols and they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00994-00281291-00281500": "are architecture which I still find", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00995-00281501-00281743": "absolutely unbelievable that that this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00996-00281744-00282046": "craft of making buildings appears in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00997-00282047-00282735": "way we communicate isn't well but also", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00998-00282736-00282960": "there's this this the dimension that I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-00999-00282961-00283243": "think is is so interesting which goes it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01000-00283244-00283432": "is the vertical dimension which goes", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01001-00283433-00283693": "from the language to the cells and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01002-00283694-00283972": "potentially also to physics that that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01003-00283973-00284320": "that's the thing that I don't think in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01004-00284321-00284683": "all the amount of stuff that's been", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01005-00284684-00284857": "written about language people haven't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01006-00284858-00285064": "gone there and I really think we should", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01007-00285065-00285721": "I agree but I'm thinking that we could", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01008-00285722-00285898": "have this conversation in all of this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01009-00285899-00286048": "conversation nobody's written down a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01010-00286049-00286363": "letter we haven't needed it no and and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01011-00286364-00286603": "we didn't have letters we had language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01012-00286604-00286738": "before we had letters people were", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01013-00286739-00286948": "communicating verbally before they had", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01014-00286949-00287771": "any means of writing it dead", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01015-00287772-00288024": "well not quite right because the Bible", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01016-00288025-00288370": "begins with writing oh the Bible itself", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01017-00288371-00288576": "is written yes I'm not saying that okay", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01018-00288577-00288882": "but the Jews as a nation as the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01019-00288883-00289110": "beginning of Yahweh begins with the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01020-00289111-00289369": "writing but the stories were told", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01021-00289370-00289590": "verbally before they were written", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01022-00289591-00289797": "yes there's a verbal tradition and a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01023-00289798-00290167": "sunk tradition as well though so even in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01024-00290168-00290443": "fairly recent history in in Scotland for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01025-00290444-00290644": "example everyone nearly everybody", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01026-00290645-00290910": "couldn't write and yet though there are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01027-00290911-00291088": "traditions there remember traditions", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01028-00291089-00291300": "which was sung or which were told in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01029-00291301-00291603": "poetry which are told verbally yes but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01030-00291604-00291780": "there's also that that's one dimension", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01031-00291781-00292023": "but another dimension is one can device", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01032-00292024-00292302": "indeed it has been devised if we're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01033-00292303-00292425": "talking about the kind of language we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01034-00292426-00292642": "use at the moment it's a symbolic system", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01035-00292643-00292864": "for speech it's a way of writing down", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01036-00292865-00293232": "spoken word our English languages is a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01037-00293233-00293514": "cipher for speech yes but but it's but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01038-00293515-00293764": "but Chinese writing is not like that for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01039-00293765-00293931": "example Chinese writing is not a cipher", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01040-00293932-00294105": "for speech they have a they have a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01041-00294106-00294265": "spoken language they have many spoken", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01042-00294266-00294469": "languages hundreds of spoken languages", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01043-00294470-00294633": "different ones which all use the same", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01044-00294634-00294822": "writing system the writing system there", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01045-00294823-00295141": "is is symbolic and perfectly good for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01046-00295142-00295335": "transmitting ideas from generation to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01047-00295336-00295612": "generation without the kind of language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01048-00295613-00295864": "and language and distinguishing here", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01049-00295865-00296082": "between spoken language written language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01050-00296083-00296325": "and symbolic language symbolic language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01051-00296326-00296505": "even if we couldn't talk we couldn't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01052-00296506-00296685": "speak at all if we could only draw or", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01053-00296686-00296914": "picture things would work for a creature", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01054-00296915-00297156": "that could not simply vocalize that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01055-00297157-00297351": "couldn't make the complex vocalizations", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01056-00297352-00297568": "that we have but could write an octopus", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01057-00297569-00297651": "or something I don't know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01058-00297652-00297868": "some tentacle monster can't speak that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01059-00297869-00298140": "can draw they can produce a written", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01060-00298141-00298390": "glances which is a language of symbols", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01061-00298391-00298554": "which is perfectly good for transmitting", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01062-00298555-00298816": "information surely without having to use", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01063-00298817-00298995": "the language which we're using that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01064-00298996-00299191": "language is something we've made up it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01065-00299192-00299440": "just a made up system to to represent", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01066-00299441-00299793": "our spoken word really or not", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01067-00299794-00300053": "okay I like that I think I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01068-00300054-00300233": "bringing the architecture in was quite", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01069-00300234-00300471": "an interesting move because you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01070-00300472-00300573": "I've spent a lot of time reading", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01071-00300574-00300785": "Christopher Alexander and in a way I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01072-00300786-00301052": "view now architecture is just the sum", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01073-00301053-00301377": "total of what human beings have found to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01074-00301378-00301634": "be beautiful or and those are maybe", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01075-00301635-00301968": "beyond ideas their ideals but there's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01076-00301969-00302115": "something interesting and bringing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01077-00302116-00302340": "architecture in that we could explore", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01078-00302341-00302817": "sometimes can I make one one small point", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01079-00302818-00303045": "are you aware that all the alphabets in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01080-00303046-00303264": "the world are descended from one", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01081-00303265-00303849": "original no yes think been now as 26", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01082-00303850-00304113": "different marks but you can't because", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01083-00304114-00304307": "they the only ones that work are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01084-00304308-00304625": "descended from one which comes from", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01085-00304626-00304944": "somewhere in Syria somewhere in Sinai in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01086-00304945-00305301": "3000 BC and and there was a table of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01087-00305302-00305799": "descent in hmm diringer hmm which is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01088-00305800-00306042": "kind of weird so it has it an alphabet", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01089-00306043-00306471": "is something along Eve oh this one we've", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01090-00306472-00306881": "been in 2000 years before that and I can", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01091-00306882-00307014": "read you some of the passages from it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01092-00307015-00307164": "although they didn't appear at any kind", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01093-00307165-00307338": "of written language and that's alphabet", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01094-00307339-00307551": "yeah and yet they're they're excellent", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01095-00307552-00307818": "and they still exist so no um if that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01096-00307819-00307989": "not written in an alphabet it's not", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01097-00307990-00308268": "written in an alpha-beta yeah so I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01098-00308269-00308418": "you're absolutely right Andrew I don't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01099-00308419-00308565": "know of any counter examples for the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01100-00308566-00308715": "actual alpha-beta", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01101-00308716-00309026": "alphabet it certainly written stuff that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01102-00309027-00309185": "predates that and there can be other", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01103-00309186-00309401": "ways of writing but alphabetical writing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01104-00309402-00309659": "has a single origin it does and okay I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01105-00309660-00309819": "would have said longer than three", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01106-00309820-00310074": "thousand years because I'm thinking four", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01107-00310075-00310224": "thousand word that what the Vedas were", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01108-00310225-00310395": "written three thousand nine hundred", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01109-00310396-00310587": "years ago weren't they and that was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01110-00310588-00310859": "alphabetic that was Sanskrit was it or a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01111-00310860-00311298": "Reuters I'm assuming that they weren't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01112-00311299-00311651": "written maybe they were just spoken and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01113-00311652-00311841": "written later I don't know I don't know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01114-00311842-00312149": "I'm certainly no expert in that but um", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01115-00312150-00312755": "yeah anyway yes yes I'm perfectly", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01116-00312756-00312897": "willing to accept there is only one", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01117-00312898-00313109": "proto alphabet and everything has flown", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01118-00313110-00313166": "from", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01119-00313167-00313416": "and there's some very very beautiful", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01120-00313417-00313670": "drawn alphabet I've seen some of these", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01121-00313671-00313839": "correspondences between things it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01122-00313840-00314064": "amazing how as language evolves as well", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01123-00314065-00314247": "the alphabet also evolves and changes in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01124-00314248-00314436": "this simplified but often retains the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01125-00314437-00314661": "same features between tau and T for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01126-00314662-00314832": "example that looked pretty much very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01127-00314833-00315114": "similar very but nevertheless I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01128-00315115-00315428": "your your earlier commend about maybe", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01129-00315429-00315771": "skipping too quickly from from the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01130-00315772-00316089": "verbal origin of language to to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01131-00316090-00316299": "scripture I think I think that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01132-00316300-00316466": "important I mean if we're trying to look", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01133-00316467-00316814": "to link it more to the biological", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01134-00316815-00317118": "developmental trajectory that John was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01135-00317119-00317463": "was kind of outlining then I think this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01136-00317464-00317826": "whole idea of tool-making needs to start", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01137-00317827-00318087": "with the older version which is thought", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01138-00318088-00318462": "the oral kind of currents and and and if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01139-00318463-00318774": "I if I recall correctly some of the the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01140-00318775-00319032": "Russian developmental psychology or", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01141-00319033-00319320": "cultural historical school very much", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01142-00319321-00319566": "into that that's pointing out that it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01143-00319567-00319878": "was a coordination of or tools for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01144-00319879-00320111": "coordinating hunter and gatherer groups", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01145-00320112-00320382": "you know it was very much looking into", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01146-00320383-00320838": "the the to function of oral language in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01147-00320839-00321126": "coordinating groups of humans and I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01148-00321127-00321282": "think that brings us maybe a bit closer", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01149-00321283-00321600": "to to some of the stuff that John was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01150-00321601-00321930": "thinking from I guess because script to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01151-00321931-00322185": "me is a much later occurrence and and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01152-00322186-00322425": "serves other cultural functions then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01153-00322426-00322749": "then you know humanoids in small groups", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01154-00322750-00322959": "trying to get get their act together", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01155-00322960-00323187": "basically that's a beautiful picture", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01156-00323188-00323430": "that picture of human of humanoids", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01157-00323431-00323550": "talking to one other about how to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01158-00323551-00323742": "produce the flint tool that came up", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01159-00323743-00323898": "somebody mentioned the flint tool seen", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01160-00323899-00324171": "in the stone earlier that i speak this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01161-00324172-00324288": "in the stone and they're saying look you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01162-00324289-00324411": "have to see this in the stone and you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01163-00324412-00324690": "have to press it like this and somebody", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01164-00324691-00324849": "used to play with this as a kid and try", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01165-00324850-00325098": "and make flint tools that's incredibly", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01166-00325099-00325329": "hard you do need a teacher you need", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01167-00325330-00325452": "somebody to show you how to do that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01168-00325453-00325740": "that's that cultural thing and also in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01169-00325741-00325860": "the archaeological sense if you're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01170-00325861-00326022": "looking if you're looking hundred", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01171-00326023-00326154": "thousand years ago some of the stuff", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01172-00326155-00326331": "people were making the culture is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01173-00326332-00326505": "defined in terms of the tools that they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01174-00326506-00326538": "make", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01175-00326539-00326807": "in terms of the way that they did wasn't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01176-00326808-00326862": "working", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01177-00326863-00327023": "all a bit transmitted without written", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01178-00327024-00327197": "language of course from generation to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01179-00327198-00327431": "generation which lasted over generations", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01180-00327432-00327656": "so that process was working and that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01181-00327657-00327897": "that flow of the language of the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01182-00327898-00328130": "thinking into the tool into the third", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01183-00328131-00328373": "world of Papa is something that we've", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01184-00328374-00328604": "been doing for a lot longer than written", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01185-00328605-00329006": "language has been around yeah I had the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01186-00329007-00329163": "opportunity to watch my two", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01187-00329164-00329339": "granddaughters develop language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01188-00329340-00329579": "real-time and I found him fascinating", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01189-00329580-00329843": "because they started like this string of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01190-00329844-00330144": "nonsense and as they developed language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01191-00330145-00330425": "they chopped it up with sausage and I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01192-00330426-00330597": "think that that's you know so that it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01193-00330598-00330819": "kind of like using it it's tool making", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01194-00330820-00331154": "and the other deliverable there is that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01195-00331155-00331296": "I my understanding from a psychiatrist", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01196-00331297-00331566": "friend of mine is that memory only", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01197-00331567-00331869": "begins when you can speak so there's a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01198-00331870-00332112": "relationship between speech and memory", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01199-00332113-00332289": "and those that box that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01200-00332290-00332487": "interrelationship is vitally important I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01201-00332488-00332624": "think to the kind of thing we're talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01202-00332625-00332828": "about but I think you'd need to be very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01203-00332829-00333021": "very careful here because dogs can", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01204-00333022-00333342": "remember things and can't speak and and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01205-00333343-00333519": "they can remember the way to places very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01206-00333520-00333669": "very well and they can remember who you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01207-00333670-00333840": "are and who's what and who beats them", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01208-00333841-00334031": "and who doesn't beat them too in a very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01209-00334032-00334197": "very sophisticated way and of course", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01210-00334198-00334478": "elephants the ubiquitous elephant the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01211-00334479-00334832": "elephant in memorise an entire area and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01212-00334833-00335048": "and and seasons and times that go with", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01213-00335049-00335282": "that area so then flow around so so", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01214-00335283-00335404": "although they may be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01215-00335405-00335622": "Mamere elated in terms of at the same", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01216-00335623-00335809": "stage of development within the human", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01217-00335810-00336059": "they are not exclusive to humans that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01218-00336060-00336219": "memory is not exclusive to humans and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01219-00336220-00336369": "it's not something that you require a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01220-00336370-00336564": "little wood for I don't really", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01221-00336565-00336744": "personally think in language very much", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01222-00336745-00337047": "I'm not very good at it so most of my", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01223-00337048-00337184": "memories are not in language at all", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01224-00337185-00337437": "there in there in there in visual images", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01225-00337438-00337798": "there in pictures there in relationships", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01226-00337799-00338081": "yeah I'm trying to retrace the story", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01227-00338082-00338388": "here that's being told today and going", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01228-00338389-00338780": "back from the tool to the fact that we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01229-00338781-00339018": "have symbols and rights that we have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01230-00339019-00339209": "letters written language and then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01231-00339210-00339353": "there's the oral language and then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01232-00339354-00339560": "before that someone said it's about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01233-00339561-00339846": "abstract ideas before the language to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01234-00339847-00339921": "pre verbal", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01235-00339922-00340170": "stuff and then that and then there is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01236-00340171-00340460": "the near-death experience which and I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01237-00340461-00340596": "wonder whether there's any language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01238-00340597-00340965": "there and it's as though in near-death", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01239-00340966-00341178": "experience and abstract ideas the five", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01240-00341179-00341454": "senses collapse into one another because", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01241-00341455-00341763": "the aural is the sound and then you have", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01242-00341764-00342015": "the visual with the lettering and this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01243-00342016-00342450": "possibly the tactile and it's there is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01244-00342451-00342807": "something about the abstraction and the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01245-00342808-00343071": "five senses pre before the five senses", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01246-00343072-00343323": "and I'm just wondering how to state", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01247-00343324-00343515": "whether in near-death experience there", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01248-00343516-00343842": "was there was probably no language I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01249-00343843-00344135": "don't know or just the five cents for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01250-00344136-00344529": "five cents visual but the collapse of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01251-00344530-00344852": "the five senses or the coming together", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01252-00344853-00345747": "you know what I hope we visual I I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01253-00345748-00345942": "didn't hear I couldn't speak there were", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01254-00345943-00346167": "no other senses but the visual there was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01255-00346168-00346602": "the visual okay I hope we come back to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01256-00346603-00346899": "it a later date is kind of more in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01257-00346900-00347196": "John's of domain and that is how a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01258-00347197-00347550": "neural net and what is it fundamentally", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01259-00347551-00347991": "a neural net what is the mark in a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01260-00347992-00348342": "neural net you know what's what is a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01261-00348343-00348593": "mechanism by which a distinction occurs", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01262-00348594-00349109": "because to me that's closer to what I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01263-00349110-00349551": "think I may mean by an idea for me and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01264-00349552-00349824": "ideas of feeling and everything after", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01265-00349825-00350169": "that it gets you hunt for so I don't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01266-00350170-00350418": "know I I think you know I think going", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01267-00350419-00350556": "back to neural nets would be an", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01268-00350557-00351573": "interesting company yes neural nets for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01269-00351574-00351738": "me in the terms of cellular", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01270-00351739-00352047": "communication yeah sure I mean for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01271-00352048-00352232": "actually what we've been talking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01272-00352233-00352470": "how is it that a brain not just any", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01273-00352471-00352737": "neural net but you could simulate it on", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01274-00352738-00352995": "a computer but how is it what shows up", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01275-00352996-00353207": "first because in a way we've been trying", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01276-00353208-00353300": "to seems", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01277-00353301-00353591": "me trying to say what's what's the first", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01278-00353592-00353783": "mark what's the first distinction at", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01279-00353784-00354035": "language and for me it's almost got to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01280-00354036-00354497": "be a product of a neural net this is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01281-00354498-00354914": "this is DiMaggio's territory isn't it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01282-00354915-00355445": "I find this a very interesting line as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01283-00355446-00355729": "well in in theory of learning as as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01284-00355730-00355960": "humans put their brain together we're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01285-00355961-00356300": "taught that that the kind of distinction", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01286-00356301-00356594": "that humans make falls into several", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01287-00356595-00356857": "major categories to begin with and then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01288-00356858-00357004": "people tend to think on those and these", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01289-00357005-00357239": "categories are one of them is language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01290-00357240-00357488": "where another one is the visual category", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01291-00357489-00357682": "another one is analogies this is like", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01292-00357683-00357938": "this for different another one is is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01293-00357939-00358198": "tactile as experience how does this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01294-00358199-00358552": "hands-on experience of things and that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01295-00358553-00358903": "people tend to start as very very small", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01296-00358904-00359213": "humans by latching onto one or either of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01297-00359214-00359474": "those and that then tends to drive the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01298-00359475-00359626": "development of the later way that they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01299-00359627-00359854": "think and understand the world around", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01300-00359855-00360178": "them in terms of the deepest way in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01301-00360179-00360385": "which they understand complex subjects", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01302-00360386-00360732": "by the visual or logical language or", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01303-00360733-00361139": "analogic or hands-on tactile to an", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01304-00361140-00361477": "example give me an example so so I'm", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01305-00361478-00361684": "fascinated by how neural networks then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01306-00361685-00362014": "kind of create themselves so if the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01307-00362015-00362216": "conversation at some stage went in that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01308-00362217-00362383": "direction I'd be very very interested to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01309-00362384-00362959": "learn something about that so so if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01310-00362960-00363188": "anyone's got anything perhaps it in this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01311-00363189-00363328": "group that's already been well talked", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01312-00363329-00363665": "about I think this is heading in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01313-00363666-00363896": "direction that would be useful in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01314-00363897-00364351": "sense that the connection which usually", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01315-00364352-00364619": "when philosophers and psychologists and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01316-00364620-00364777": "everybody else talks about language they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01317-00364778-00364933": "stay at the level of language when", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01318-00364934-00365131": "they're talking about language yeah and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01319-00365132-00365491": "to make the connection to a deeper", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01320-00365492-00365738": "substrate a biological substrate the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01321-00365739-00365912": "mechanisms within the biological", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01322-00365913-00366068": "substrate which is then producing the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01323-00366069-00366429": "language that seems important yeah also", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01324-00366430-00366685": "remark that that that was a bit where I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01325-00366686-00366876": "was driving it is like the question is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01326-00366877-00367204": "do we see the occurrence of you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01327-00367205-00367466": "oral language as an inevitable kind of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01328-00367467-00367646": "step I mean do you if you bring a group", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01329-00367647-00367916": "of humanoids together and it reaches a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01330-00367917-00368195": "certain complexity in terms of you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01331-00368196-00368318": "action", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01332-00368319-00368522": "do we need something like oral language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01333-00368523-00368729": "because you know tactile and other stuff", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01334-00368730-00368822": "just wouldn't do it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01335-00368823-00369092": "okay then why did why doesn't the why", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01336-00369093-00369275": "does not a telepathic kind of interface", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01337-00369276-00369335": "occur", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01338-00369336-00369506": "yeah why didn't that occur in the in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01339-00369507-00369899": "have you nobody hasn't right how do you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01340-00369900-00370169": "know but it hasn't of course we haven't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01341-00370170-00370442": "developed of course I mean I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01342-00370443-00370886": "empathic empathic you know definitely I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01343-00370887-00371048": "think there's enough science to say that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01344-00371049-00371342": "people get in synchrony empathically", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01345-00371343-00371657": "right I don't know if they do it I don't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01346-00371658-00371864": "think share thoughts but boy feelings", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01347-00371865-00372530": "are transmitted non-verbally and we get", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01348-00372531-00372788": "in sync with with others there's a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01349-00372789-00373247": "neighborhood whole groups you know it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01350-00373248-00373478": "doesn't work as a means of giving you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01351-00373479-00373673": "instructions to say like you three go", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01352-00373674-00373862": "over there you three you know walk up", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01353-00373863-00374090": "the hill and wait for that mammal to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01354-00374091-00374351": "show up or it's just like that sign", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01355-00374352-00374632": "language sign language works yes", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01356-00374633-00374966": "So So Def humans have no language yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01357-00374967-00375256": "humanoids who can't hear can't speak", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01358-00375257-00375671": "perfectly simple but they can see and I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01359-00375672-00375881": "think in those instructions just not the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01360-00375882-00376085": "ones you're pointing out it says be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01361-00376086-00376421": "aware be wary or relax sleep I mean it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01362-00376422-00376823": "gives pretty important instruction John", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01363-00376824-00377258": "oh yeah but I mean an absolutely totally", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01364-00377259-00377567": "reductionist sense I mean if the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01365-00377568-00377822": "epigenetic mechanism is one in which our", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01366-00377823-00378131": "endocrine system is really what behavior", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01367-00378132-00378443": "and that in turn is the underpinnings of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01368-00378444-00378680": "the way that I would have submit I'd", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01369-00378681-00378815": "have to dig into the literature but", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01370-00378816-00379034": "that's how neural networks form through", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01371-00379035-00379270": "endocrine and neuro endocrine", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01372-00379271-00379682": "integration of neuronal transduction yes", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01373-00379683-00380075": "so and again that's that doesn't address", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01374-00380076-00380264": "subs just comment just now about the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01375-00380265-00380516": "group but certainly I mean we know that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01376-00380517-00380744": "pheromones for example do synchronize", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01377-00380745-00381029": "you know it's like women in a in a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01378-00381030-00381164": "sorority house they all start to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01379-00381165-00381362": "menstruate and it's you know in sync", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01380-00381363-00381485": "with one another there's a pheromones", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01381-00381486-00381634": "and that's just one example", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01382-00381635-00381904": "are many so yeah so I mean if you reduce", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01383-00381905-00382043": "this to the endocrine system and how", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01384-00382044-00382270": "that dictates behavior and therefore", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01385-00382271-00382597": "verbalization then that goes from a very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01386-00382598-00382930": "basic biologics and principles to the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01387-00382931-00383230": "oral transmission in them yeah so this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01388-00383231-00383374": "is very interesting because this is then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01389-00383375-00383599": "starting to sort of edge onto this issue", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01390-00383600-00384010": "of education because that close", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01391-00384011-00384416": "relationship of I don't know women in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01392-00384417-00384610": "college or whatever it might be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01393-00384611-00384962": "monasteries are interesting families", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01394-00384963-00385378": "obviously in settings like that where", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01395-00385379-00385571": "there's very high degree high degrees of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01396-00385572-00385801": "stress you're going to see differences", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01397-00385802-00386035": "in the way that the neural networks form", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01398-00386036-00386192": "and you're going to see differences in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01399-00386193-00386403": "the communications that are uttered and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01400-00386404-00386629": "very often that that can become a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01401-00386630-00386854": "horrible positive feedback mechanism and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01402-00386855-00387082": "all sorts of nasty thing and we see the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01403-00387083-00387274": "god damnit we see this a national level", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01404-00387275-00387713": "we see nations behaving like this I mean", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01405-00387714-00387896": "that the whole thing with trauma you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01406-00387897-00388247": "know you know adverse childhood events", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01407-00388248-00388501": "and in that first thousand days that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01408-00388502-00388798": "people live in pretty much saturated", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01409-00388799-00389110": "adrenergic fight-or-flight response they", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01410-00389111-00389233": "have very different brains very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01411-00389234-00389444": "different neurological absolutely so I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01412-00389445-00389921": "mean the the this the work around this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01413-00389922-00390119": "has kind of centered I mean John Bowlby", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01414-00390120-00390307": "has been very important the whole sort", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01415-00390308-00390572": "of attachment theory thing has been very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01416-00390573-00390748": "important the child's relationship with", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01417-00390749-00390949": "the primary care giver usually the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01418-00390950-00391289": "mother and and there's plenty of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01419-00391290-00391507": "evidence that damage to attachments", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01420-00391508-00391732": "early in life really screws you up later", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01421-00391733-00392347": "on I've noticed that over the last five", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01422-00392348-00392482": "or six years there's been quite a lot of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01423-00392483-00392719": "work around epigenetics and attachment", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01424-00392720-00393124": "which looks very interesting and I said", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01425-00393125-00393424": "this is the thing that really has has", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01426-00393425-00393596": "got me thinking because it's almost as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01427-00393597-00393863": "if that this making the connection", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01428-00393864-00394204": "between the cellular dynamics the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01429-00394205-00394450": "cellular organization level and the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01430-00394451-00394619": "linguistic level making that connection", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01431-00394620-00394849": "gives us two descriptions of the same", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01432-00394850-00395012": "thing that's very powerful", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01433-00395013-00395168": "when we get to descriptions of the same", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01434-00395169-00395414": "thing that's much more interesting than", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01435-00395415-00395618": "just looking at language through the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01436-00395619-00395950": "lens of language which is you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01437-00395951-00396092": "you're always going to get stuck there", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01438-00396093-00397009": "somehow yes that's right", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01439-00397010-00397402": "in organizations now it's no longer", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01440-00397403-00397654": "brain storming its collective", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01441-00397655-00397858": "intelligence and it's organizing people", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01442-00397859-00398257": "as a flock of birds words and that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01443-00398258-00398683": "true in traditions or telepathy or", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01444-00398684-00398782": "all the stuff that we'll be talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01445-00398783-00398993": "about and I'm sure that goes back down", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01446-00398994-00399526": "to the cellular level well I am yes I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01447-00399527-00399749": "mean I'm teaching leadership and using", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01448-00399750-00400043": "meditation and and using collective", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01449-00400044-00400252": "intelligence processes I'm doing it you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01450-00400253-00400448": "know I'm applying it and it's very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01451-00400449-00400496": "powerful", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01452-00400497-00400960": "gets my students to connect very", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01453-00400961-00401467": "powerful and this transformations", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01454-00401468-00401878": "understanding has a huge impact on the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01455-00401879-00402184": "education process we need to study this", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01456-00402185-00402355": "I really think there's there's a need", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01457-00402356-00402722": "for more empirical work at the level of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01458-00402723-00402947": "communication and if we can look at a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01459-00402948-00403252": "deeper biological level oh sorry I've", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01460-00403253-00403493": "got a very optimistic ice-cream man", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01461-00403494-00404042": "again it's always so miserable outside", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01462-00404043-00404198": "you know like ice cream would be the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01463-00404199-00404771": "last thing you think it's reflux so what", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01464-00404772-00405089": "Andrew was saying about fonts I don't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01465-00405090-00405197": "know if everyone's aware of the fact", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01466-00405198-00405382": "that Steve Jobs was fascinated with", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01467-00405383-00405641": "fonts it was really his avocation he", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01468-00405642-00405941": "worked very diligently to form fonts for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01469-00405942-00406150": "Apple computers that he thought would be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01470-00406151-00406346": "most effective but the reason I bring", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01471-00406347-00406633": "that back to that is because I'm not I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01472-00406634-00406814": "mean I maybe it's just the videos", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01473-00406815-00407068": "incredible thing of time if I don't see", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01474-00407069-00407359": "my font as Times New Roman", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01475-00407360-00407605": "it looks goofy to me if it lapses into", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01476-00407606-00407843": "Cambrian or whatever that other stuff is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01477-00407844-00408164": "it you know every once in a while so in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01478-00408165-00408345": "terms of what big this thing even", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01479-00408346-00408507": "huddled around a computer and having", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01480-00408508-00408693": "that kind of integration of thought", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01481-00408694-00408945": "through the modality of the font that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01482-00408946-00409128": "you used and the form that you use I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01483-00409129-00409482": "think is probably productive in terms of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01484-00409483-00409674": "the mass education right getting", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01485-00409675-00409892": "everybody literally on the same page", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01486-00409893-00410328": "right what about the script or ER in the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01487-00410329-00410997": "monasteries okay yeah right the same", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01488-00410997-00411606": "thing there yeah okay yeah I was gonna", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01489-00411607-00411777": "mention that I heard this fascinating", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01490-00411778-00411930": "lecture this guy never published the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01491-00411931-00411999": "stand paper", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01492-00412000-00412409": "he's anyway I won't but buddy but he was", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01493-00412410-00412716": "he had measured oxytocin and people in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01494-00412717-00412889": "prayer and he showed that the oxytocin", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01495-00412891-00413139": "levels go up and triple are joined", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01496-00413139-00413472": "together in prayer for example you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01497-00413472-00413574": "there other people have shown similar", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01498-00413575-00413793": "kinds of phenomenon but so I'm going", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01499-00413793-00413943": "back to my endocrine morality well I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01500-00413943-00414120": "think we should study ourselves I don't", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01501-00414121-00414276": "know what the practicalities of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01502-00414277-00414528": "measuring these these these these", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01503-00414529-00414889": "hormones are but I'm very interested in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01504-00414891-00415176": "it feels different it feels different to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01505-00415177-00415338": "have this kind of conversation online", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01506-00415339-00415587": "them every other bloody conversation I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01507-00415588-00415800": "have been picturing the week and I'm", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01508-00415801-00416628": "sure I'm not going there anybody who I'm", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01509-00416629-00416799": "an endocrinologist by training so I know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01510-00416800-00417122": "this stuff that I'm trying to get a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01511-00417124-00417335": "public paper published on subjective age", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01512-00417337-00417579": "which I goes to what I'm we're talking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01513-00417580-00417714": "about the fact that we perceive", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01514-00417714-00417864": "ourselves as being older when we're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01515-00417864-00418071": "teenagers and young you're one where old", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01516-00418072-00418335": "folks like me that's on the underpinning", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01517-00418335-00418506": "of that is endocrinology and so I go", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01518-00418507-00418674": "back to my premise that that's what's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01519-00418675-00418959": "creating behaviors that then create the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01520-00418960-00419168": "kinds of phenomenon that the phenomena", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01521-00419170-00419364": "that we're talking about at a certain", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01522-00419364-00419574": "level I mean it's tending to force it a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01523-00419575-00419742": "bit because I don't think totally I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01524-00419743-00420057": "think it does that does sort of create", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01525-00420058-00420343": "the nuancing that we're talking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01526-00420345-00420793": "it's quite a bit of research on the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01527-00420795-00421074": "cellular or the effects the hormonal", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01528-00421075-00421447": "effects and other effects of meditation", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01529-00421449-00421731": "human beings", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01530-00421732-00422239": "yeah I've been reading up on Matt's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01531-00422241-00422514": "connection though that those best", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01532-00422514-00422814": "studies of that which science I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01533-00422814-00423291": "tie into our discussion you think it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01534-00423292-00423462": "interesting there is that at least in my", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01535-00423463-00423867": "reduction of that the binary of stress", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01536-00423868-00424170": "versus meditation is they are actually", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01537-00424171-00424410": "mirror images but that what happens as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01538-00424410-00424572": "you're going as you meditate and become", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01539-00424572-00424716": "more and more effective at doing that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01540-00424717-00425039": "you go back to the gut brain you de", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01541-00425041-00425295": "evolve from the brain brain to the gut", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01542-00425296-00425478": "brain which is much less neurotic and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01543-00425479-00425676": "that's why we find it pleasant to be in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01544-00425677-00426213": "that state of being sorry gut brain yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01545-00426214-00426387": "that's where the brain brain evolved", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01546-00426388-00426603": "from so the gut produces hormones like", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01547-00426604-00426785": "leptin and ghrelin which actually caused", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01548-00426787-00427056": "the bushiness of our brains but that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01549-00427057-00427227": "where it emanates from in quadrupeds", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01550-00427228-00427476": "it's much more gut brain that is you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01551-00427477-00427635": "know the central nervous system that we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01552-00427635-00428277": "we experience I don't always trust my", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01553-00428278-00428580": "guts though well but you know they say", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01554-00428581-00428742": "that if collectors if you're taking you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01555-00428743-00428889": "know competitive tests like the one say", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01556-00428889-00429108": "tea or whatever you should go with your", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01557-00429109-00429267": "gut it's probably the right answer and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01558-00429268-00429624": "that actually does work it circumvents", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01559-00429625-00429930": "the neuroses of our you know our egos", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01560-00429931-00430314": "and super-ego is getting away thinking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01561-00430314-00430521": "hey what you saying is there the gut", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01562-00430522-00431376": "brains a real thing oh yeah it's where", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01563-00431377-00431574": "your microbiome talks to your body to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01564-00431575-00431793": "your biome that's what the microbiome is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01565-00431793-00432249": "doing distributed intelligence it's not", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01566-00432250-00432527": "in here is throughout my whole body yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01567-00432528-00432668": "absolutely", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01568-00432670-00432888": "that's my take home message physiology", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01569-00432889-00433020": "is it goes all the way from the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01570-00433021-00433268": "unicellular stayed up and everything in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01571-00433270-00433464": "between we just don't think about it and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01572-00433464-00433683": "we're not aware of it but it does come", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01573-00433684-00433839": "back", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01574-00433839-00434256": "it does exhibit itself under like master", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01575-00434257-00434496": "ham Maslow's peak experiences that's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01576-00434497-00434585": "what those are", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01577-00434587-00434789": "it's the cop it's being conscious of our", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01578-00434791-00435066": "being you know you want to call", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01579-00435067-00435338": "there's a different sensibility than", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01580-00435339-00435606": "your other senses in your brain and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01581-00435607-00435888": "while it shouldn't it doesn't have the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01582-00435889-00436221": "nuance of of your brain it certainly", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01583-00436222-00436449": "should never be ignored as my Aikido", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01584-00436450-00436770": "sensei pointed out that fear which is a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01585-00436771-00437301": "gut kind of brain piece is is telling", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01586-00437302-00437460": "you you're not organized for what's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01587-00437460-00437751": "happening it's not and boy that's really", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01588-00437752-00437946": "useful information doesn't tell you what", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01589-00437947-00438150": "to do pretty much tells you to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01590-00438151-00438717": "reconsider between the guts or rather", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01591-00438718-00438981": "between instinct and intuition and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01592-00438982-00439209": "instinct is much more reptilian and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01593-00439210-00439460": "intuition is something that is much", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01594-00439462-00439695": "closer to actual consciousness or full", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01595-00439696-00439905": "of consciousness what's going on which", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01596-00439906-00440285": "when got is fear and intuition will take", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01597-00440287-00440388": "you somewhere else", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01598-00440389-00440574": "and it would allow you to make exactly", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01599-00440575-00440910": "the right decision with some both sides", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01600-00440910-00441258": "which is not reflected upon in any", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01601-00441259-00441582": "mental capacity I don't know if I got it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01602-00441583-00441759": "right when I was reading poem 20 30", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01603-00441760-00442053": "years ago but what I did walk away with", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01604-00442054-00442308": "was you have a bunch of warring parts of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01605-00442309-00442449": "your brain that are all more than", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01606-00442450-00442701": "willing to lie to you yeah and I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01607-00442702-00442910": "that's what you're pointing out there is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01608-00442912-00443559": "a space to watch the liars and decide", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01609-00443560-00443800": "which one you're going to listen to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01610-00443801-00443972": "[Music]", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01611-00443972-00444533": "we've been going an hour and 20 minutes", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01612-00444534-00444822": "and what is in truth the time flies by", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01613-00444822-00445268": "doesn't it and I want to draw back to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01614-00445270-00445628": "the idea of nil potency if I may and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01615-00445629-00446184": "just try and revisit kind of where we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01616-00446185-00446522": "started which in a sense we've got a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01617-00446524-00446838": "cellular cellular mechanism described by", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01618-00446839-00447410": "John which seems to be have some strong", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01619-00447412-00447729": "resemblance to Peters nilpotent quantum", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01620-00447730-00447968": "mechanics in the way that it operates", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01621-00447970-00448406": "and in a sense we may be looking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01622-00448407-00448604": "some of these language phenomenon which", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01623-00448605-00449008": "may also have a similar structure and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01624-00449009-00449433": "the opportunity perhaps is to start to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01625-00449434-00449739": "look at language in this no potent", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01626-00449739-00450018": "through this no potent lens but to look", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01627-00450018-00450275": "at it both at the linguistic level and a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01628-00450276-00450726": "biological level is that I think first", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01629-00450727-00451083": "of all to John is is that how you see a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01630-00451084-00451304": "potential way for words and Peter is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01631-00451305-00451743": "this crazy so I posted my I'm writing a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01632-00451743-00451970": "paper trying to write a paper on the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01633-00451971-00452114": "evolution of language based upon", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01634-00452115-00452366": "cellular cooperativity which i think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01635-00452367-00452676": "initially sounds like you know it sounds", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01636-00452677-00453041": "trivial but it's not because it I mapped", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01637-00453042-00453222": "it out in a way where it can go step by", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01638-00453222-00453450": "step you know not totally to retread", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01639-00453451-00453678": "workers satisfaction I haven't filled in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01640-00453679-00454049": "all the gaps but but there is a stepwise", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01641-00454050-00454260": "relationship between the evolution of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01642-00454260-00454479": "the language as cellular communication", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01643-00454480-00454704": "more loyal to the formation of language", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01644-00454705-00455004": "is you know dictated by the area of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01645-00455005-00455181": "broken and everything in between with", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01646-00455182-00455397": "some gaps because we're not thinking", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01647-00455397-00455633": "that way I mean the literature on the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01648-00455634-00455945": "evolution of language it's all about its", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01649-00455946-00456135": "synchronic it's it's descriptive its", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01650-00456135-00456300": "teleological it's not getting us", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01651-00456301-00456554": "anywhere it's just dead ends whereas I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01652-00456555-00456731": "think that this way of thinking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01653-00456732-00457029": "language in relationship to the you know", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01654-00457030-00457125": "cell and the you know cell in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01655-00457126-00457337": "relationship to the atom forms a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01656-00457338-00457512": "continuum which actually has the logic", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01657-00457513-00457752": "to it with a lot of empiric evidence to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01658-00457753-00458243": "support it so i mean pizza you've I mean", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01659-00458243-00458864": "you're you've got your mechanism in no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01660-00458865-00459135": "pose and quantum mechanics clearly there", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01661-00459135-00459324": "seems to be a relationship between that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01662-00459325-00459608": "mechanism and the work that the John's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01663-00459609-00459797": "doing which is why kind of why we're", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01664-00459798-00460710": "here literally why we why we're sort of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01665-00460710-00461475": "having these but actually you could be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01666-00461476-00461760": "right", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01667-00461760-00461885": "is going to come around again tomorrow", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01668-00461887-00462210": "as well for the same reason and anything", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01669-00462210-00462462": "that can be expressed as a conservation", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01670-00462463-00462717": "energy system in some way can always be", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01671-00462718-00462942": "expressed as not potent there's possible", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01672-00462943-00463155": "to do mathematically there's no question", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01673-00463156-00463434": "about that and so if you were able to do", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01674-00463435-00463578": "that and if you were able to bring", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01675-00463579-00463884": "concerts like entropy and so into it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01676-00463885-00464145": "that that is what no pulsing systems do", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01677-00464146-00464505": "and so ultimately one can do something", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01678-00464506-00464789": "like this in the way that you ask if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01679-00464791-00465047": "it's crazy well I guess it is but if it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01680-00465049-00465243": "isn't crazy it's not we're talking about", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01681-00465243-00465710": "Frankie yes so just comment on that I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01682-00465712-00465872": "think that's a great point because I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01683-00465874-00466182": "don't gone on record to say that all", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01684-00466183-00466385": "aspects of the totality whether it's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01685-00466387-00466643": "physics chemistry or biology are in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01686-00466645-00466887": "balanced equations set off by an equal", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01687-00466888-00467196": "sign which is the homeostatic result of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01688-00467197-00467457": "you know the Big Bang the third law of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01689-00467458-00467721": "motion but I could think of a sentence", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01690-00467722-00467964": "in the same way you know subject + verb", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01691-00467964-00468210": "equals object right it's the same if", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01692-00468210-00468408": "there is balance there there is no", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01693-00468409-00468687": "purpose there if you if you parse it out", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01694-00468688-00469008": "that way so the next question then is is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01695-00469009-00469263": "this reductionist because some people", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01696-00469264-00469467": "will look at our discussions and say oh", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01697-00469468-00469760": "but the beauty of life that you're kind", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01698-00469762-00469964": "of trying to take out the soul of things", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01699-00469966-00470226": "and personally I see it quite the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01700-00470227-00470571": "opposite but it is that a criticism that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01701-00470572-00471245": "we need to take to take seriously I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01702-00471246-00471684": "don't think so I think we our job is to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01703-00471685-00471864": "be reductionist and so there's nothing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01704-00471864-00472104": "wrong with that that's what scientists", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01705-00472105-00472377": "job it is is to be reductionist and then", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01706-00472378-00472587": "to build it up together again and it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01707-00472588-00472746": "doesn't mean that we can't appreciate", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01708-00472747-00472917": "from other points of view because we", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01709-00472918-00473339": "come yeah but it's nothing about science", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01710-00473341-00473562": "there isn't there but I think that you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01711-00473563-00473781": "know in that context of reductionist for", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01712-00473782-00474087": "instance oldest approaches that at least", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01713-00474088-00474351": "in biology the issue is always the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01714-00474352-00474600": "emergent property of biology and people", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01715-00474601-00474812": "address that is no self-organizing", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01716-00474813-00475089": "organizing self referential self", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01717-00475089-00475160": "authorship", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01718-00475161-00475407": "but in my way of putting things back", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01719-00475408-00475881": "together the importance of memory in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01720-00475882-00476216": "terms of being able to conjure up", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01721-00476217-00476406": "strategies that have been used in", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01722-00476407-00476597": "history the organism to now deal with an", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01723-00476598-00476751": "existential problem", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01724-00476752-00476991": "that's where emergence comes from so my", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01725-00476992-00477260": "point being that yes it's reductionist", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01726-00477261-00477416": "but it's not leaving all the pieces of", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01727-00477417-00477564": "the puzzle on the table and not", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01728-00477564-00477722": "assembling them now you can reassemble", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01729-00477723-00477858": "them in a way where you can actually", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01730-00477859-00478139": "understand in a holistic way why that", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01731-00478140-00478366": "missing piece is missing because it is", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01732-00478367-00478664": "it's a gestalt it's it's an it's an", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01733-00478665-00478929": "integration of the process right I think", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01734-00478930-00479172": "that's that's very powerful I've got a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01735-00479172-00479345": "question about memory but I'm wondering", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01736-00479346-00479580": "if we should leave memory until next", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01737-00479581-00479912": "week if we remember you will forget well", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01738-00479913-00480035": "I won't finish down forgetting", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01739-00480036-00480272": "everything at the moment I wonder I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01740-00480273-00480495": "suppose I wonder if memory and", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01741-00480496-00480782": "anticipation are very closely connected", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01742-00480783-00481101": "yes and an anticipation is so important", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01743-00481102-00481302": "in terms of the way we organize", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01744-00481303-00481503": "ourselves effectively in our environment", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01745-00481504-00481637": "what's the difference between", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01746-00481638-00481977": "anticipation and prediction well Noah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01747-00481978-00482214": "they would say the same they are I", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01748-00482214-00482768": "wouldn't you wouldn't be prediction is a", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01749-00482769-00483072": "certain is a certainty we're as well as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01750-00483072-00483351": "best we know but anticipation is yes you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01751-00483352-00483651": "can yes we're talking about a system", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01752-00483652-00483876": "being anticipating not you know as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01753-00483877-00484257": "anticipating so much yes a system being", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01754-00484258-00484524": "anticipate or yes not the same thing as", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01755-00484525-00484899": "as prediction I mean you we can use it", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01756-00484900-00485097": "for prediction if we know a systems", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01757-00485097-00485789": "anticipate or we can use if prediction", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01758-00485789-00486089": "that's a good way of putting it yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01759-00486089-00486477": "yeah so well maybe we could pick this up", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01760-00486478-00487353": "next week anybody got any last questions", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01761-00487354-00487560": "before we meet again I will send the", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01762-00487560-00487908": "video round to everybody it's again I've", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01763-00487909-00488079": "really enjoyed it this week so thank you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01764-00488080-00488247": "so much thanks mark", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01765-00488247-00488547": "thank you you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01766-00488547-00488772": "we just got a visual on anticipation you", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01767-00488772-00488960": "remember that would Carly Simon's own", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01768-00488960-00489417": "anticipation without ketchup she's", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01769-00489418-00489558": "waiting for it to come out of the bottle", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01770-00489559-00489768": "so what we're anticipating is going to", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01771-00489768-00489906": "come out of the bottle but we predicted", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01772-00489907-00490385": "it's gonna hit the bun yes okay yeah yes", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01773-00490387-00490718": "that's absolutely right yeah okay yeah", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01774-00490720-00490917": "okay well thank you ever so much", "SbCbL7zRlHg-01775-00490918-00491352": "everybody and yeah see you next week"}}]