[{"audio_id": "2jbWYXl9Uo4", "text": {"2jbWYXl9Uo4-00000-00000353-00000484": "-Hello, how are you? Welcome back.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00001-00000501-00000687": "Today we are going to talk about a very, very important subject", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00002-00000704-00001031": "that we have all seen or suffered from.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00003-00001048-00001313": "We are going to talk about sore throat or pharyngotonsillitis,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00004-00001330-00001459": "the clinical pearls.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00005-00001531-00001767": "Why? Because this causes a lot of problems.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00006-00001783-00001952": "It is estimated that in the United States", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00007-00001952-00002433": "12 million consultations a year are made due to this throat infection.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00008-00002450-00002933": "Of these about 5% to 15% are actually caused by bacteria,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00009-00002949-00003238": "yet almost 60% receive antibiotics.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00010-00003314-00003386": "Not only this,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00011-00003402-00003786": "the antibiotics they receive are usually broad-spectrum antibiotics,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00012-00003803-00004117": "which not only do not help to get rid of the sore throat", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00013-00004134-00004381": "or pharyngitis, but lead to resistance", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00014-00004398-00004591": "against the antibiotic and it no longer works for us.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00015-00004607-00004778": "Classic examples are azithromycin", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00016-00004778-00004949": "or the famous antibiotic ceftriaxone injection,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00017-00004976-00005322": "which, please, never ever use or allow to be used.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00018-00005405-00005683": "That is why, today, we are going to discuss the specifics", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00019-00005699-00005997": "of this common infection so that we know how to treat it", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00020-00006014-00006395": "and how we want to be treated when it strikes us.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00021-00006412-00006599": "The first thing we need to do is differentiate", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00022-00006599-00006781": "whether it is an infection caused by a virus", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00023-00006781-00007015": "or an infection caused by bacteria.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00024-00007032-00007229": "You may have heard this many times,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00025-00007229-00007447": "\"Well, if there are little white dots in their throat,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00026-00007453-00007626": "it's bacteria, give them an antibiotic.\"", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00027-00007643-00007755": "This is not the case.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00028-00007771-00008140": "First of all, we already mentioned that the vast majority of throat infections", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00029-00008157-00008366": "are caused by viruses", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00030-00008383-00008782": "and the only treatment necessary is symptomatic treatment,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00031-00008799-00009078": "to reduce the pain in the throat and maybe eliminate cough,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00032-00009094-00009247": "mucus or whatever else.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00033-00009264-00009644": "If we really want to differentiate between a pharyngitis caused by virus", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00034-00009661-00009915": "and by bacteria, we have to refer to the clinical picture.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00035-00009932-00010351": "Viral infections are usually accompanied by low-grade fever,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00036-00010368-00010616": "general discomfort or uneasiness,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00037-00010663-00010859": "pharyngodynia or sore throat,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00038-00010875-00011160": "nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea or runny nose.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00039-00011176-00011562": "All of these may be associated with a viral infection and also cough.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00040-00011578-00011739": "In bacterial pharyngitis,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00041-00011756-00012103": "when bacteria are responsible for the infection--", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00042-00012119-00012335": "which is very rare,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00043-00012351-00012490": "just a very small percentage of it", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00044-00012507-00012795": "in our whole life is going to be caused by bacteria.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00045-00012812-00013188": "You usually see a purulent exudate over the tonsils,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00046-00013204-00013479": "plus cervical lymphadenopathy, these little lumps,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00047-00013496-00013893": "enlarged lymph nodes, particularly in the anterior part.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00048-00013910-00014140": "Hence, specific criteria were developed,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00049-00014156-00014335": "called the Centor criteria.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00050-00014359-00014748": "These criteria were evaluated extensively.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00051-00014765-00015087": "There are some studies involving up to more than 200,000 patients", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00052-00015104-00015529": "in which if we have the presence, we can establish the difference.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00053-00015545-00015674": "What are these criteria?", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00054-00015691-00015934": "There are four Centor criteria.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00055-00015962-00016287": "The first is that the patient has purulent exudate in the throat,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00056-00016304-00016565": "the famous little white dots, and that he is producing", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00057-00016582-00016842": "this type of mucus on the tonsils.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00058-00016895-00017200": "The second is anterior cervical adenopathy.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00059-00017217-00017424": "Check the lymph nodes and see if they are enlarged,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00060-00017441-00017711": "especially in the anterior part of the neck.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00061-00017728-00018095": "The third is a history of fever, that the patient has had a fever.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00062-00018112-00018292": "Four, absence of cough.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00063-00018309-00018495": "The patient should not have a cough", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00064-00018512-00018832": "because if it is a cough, it is usually a viral infection.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00065-00018875-00019157": "How good are these Centor criteria?", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00066-00019173-00019362": "In this large study that I was telling you about", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00067-00019365-00019504": "of more than 200,000 patients,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00068-00019530-00019796": "it was seen that if we had three positive criteria,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00069-00019812-00020131": "the probability of being positive was 38%,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00070-00020147-00020477": "while if we had all four, the probability that it would correlate", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00071-00020494-00020877": "with the bacterial culture was 57%.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00072-00020914-00021176": "It's not that everyone with Centor criteria", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00073-00021193-00021487": "has a bacterial infection either, but if we want to orient ourselves,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00074-00021504-00021759": "that's the best way we can do it.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00075-00021776-00022208": "Of course, better than Centor criteria is the culture.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00076-00022225-00022565": "Collecting the mucus, collecting what we are producing", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00077-00022582-00022843": "during the infection and sending it to culture.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00078-00022860-00023031": "That is the gold standard so far", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00079-00023031-00023228": "and will continue to be the gold standard", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00080-00023255-00023641": "for a long time, as is the rapid streptococcal antigen test.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00081-00023658-00023756": "However,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00082-00023773-00024393": "culturing can delay treatment for 24 to 48 hours", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00083-00024410-00024638": "because that is how long it takes for the bacteria to grow.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00084-00024655-00024869": "Rapid detection is good,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00085-00024886-00025147": "but it can only detect certain bacteria,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00086-00025164-00025387": "so if we have pharyngotonsillitis", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00087-00025404-00025720": "caused by other bacteria, this test is not going to help us.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00088-00025736-00025909": "Now, what should we do if we or our patient has", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00089-00025926-00026218": "three or more positive Centor criteria,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00090-00026246-00026621": "or has a positive rapid test or culture?", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00091-00026664-00027112": "Yes, it is recommended to give empiric antibiotic treatment.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00092-00027128-00027327": "Of course, if it is a culture, it is no longer empiric,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00093-00027340-00027587": "but it is recommended to give antibiotic treatment.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00094-00027626-00027789": "The main cause,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00095-00027802-00027903": "the main bacterium", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00096-00027903-00028183": "that produces bacterial infectious pharyngotonsillitis", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00097-00028203-00028544": "is always group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00098-00028575-00028942": "It is the main cause of bacterial pharyngotonsillitis.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00099-00028959-00029317": "We know that treatment is important because it ultimately decreases", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00100-00029334-00029594": "the complications that patients might have,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00101-00029610-00029947": "especially young patients, and it shortens the time of symptoms", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00102-00029964-00030110": "and the duration of the infection.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00103-00030127-00030341": "What are the main complications that we can have", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00104-00030358-00030652": "from uncontrolled, untreated pharyngotonsillitis?", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00105-00030669-00030830": "We already know that rheumatic fever,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00106-00030847-00031159": "glomerulonephritis and neurological disorders,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00107-00031175-00031326": "along with this Sydenham's chorea.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00108-00031379-00031741": "All this because of the presence of beta hemolytic streptococcus", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00109-00031757-00031894": "in different parts of the body", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00110-00031910-00032293": "with some immunological problems and so on.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00111-00032310-00032538": "What treatment should we prescribe when we have", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00112-00032554-00032822": "this group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus infection?", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00113-00032839-00033318": "We have to give a beta-lactam, mainly amoxicillin or penicillin G.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00114-00033383-00033704": "We can also give, as a second line, a macrolide", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00115-00033721-00033945": "such as erythromycin and clarithromycin in patients", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00116-00033962-00034366": "who are allergic to beta-lactams, a relatively frequent occurrence.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00117-00034469-00034712": "Broad-spectrum antibiotics,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00118-00034712-00034900": "mainly azithromycin should not be given,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00119-00034900-00035081": "which is relatively common.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00120-00035137-00035310": "It should not be given", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00121-00035310-00035687": "nor is it superior to give injected drugs.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00122-00035714-00035902": "The injection has a placebo effect.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00123-00035925-00036290": "In fact, well-controlled studies have shown that the pill is equal", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00124-00036307-00036519": "or better because patients are more likely", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00125-00036536-00036799": "to take the full course of treatment.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00126-00036867-00037199": "Do not administer injected drugs and do not,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00127-00037216-00037414": "for God's sake, administer ceftriaxone.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00128-00037456-00037793": "Of course, the only case in which we can administer injected ceftriaxone,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00129-00037793-00038121": "because no ceftriaxone is taken, would be when the pharyngotonsillitis", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00130-00038138-00038302": "is caused by gonococcus,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00131-00038334-00038622": "but for this we would need a culture.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00132-00038652-00039015": "Only when there is gonococcus do we administer ceftriaxone,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00133-00039031-00039295": "in all other cases we administer the beta-lactams", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00134-00039295-00039487": "or the macrolides that I have already mentioned.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00135-00039504-00039803": "Again, if we use antibiotics incorrectly,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00136-00039820-00040081": "for example, if we administer ceftriaxone injection", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00137-00040098-00040355": "for pharyngotonsillitis, the only thing we do", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00138-00040372-00040597": "is not cure the pharyngotonsillitis", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00139-00040620-00040869": "and develop resistance to this antibiotic", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00140-00041007-00041452": "when a simple treatment for the symptoms would have been sufficient.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00141-00041470-00041638": "It would have been less dangerous for the patient", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00142-00041655-00042050": "because the antibiotic can also cause adverse events", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00143-00042067-00042285": "and we would have had the same result.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00144-00042358-00042637": "In the past, when we physicians examined the tonsils, we divided them", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00145-00042654-00042880": "into four grades depending on how swollen they were,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00146-00042897-00043059": "how big they were.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00147-00043078-00043398": "Now we only divide them into obstructive", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00148-00043414-00043536": "and non-obstructive tonsils,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00149-00043536-00043791": "depending on whether they obstruct the airway.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00150-00043908-00044227": "Now, as a last measure, tonsillectomy can be used.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00151-00044243-00044492": "Many of you have probably heard of this procedure", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00152-00044509-00044687": "in which they take our tonsils", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00153-00044703-00044882": "and surgically remove them.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00154-00044950-00045253": "Which patients need to have their tonsils removed?", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00155-00045270-00045508": "Actually, it is also a very small percentage,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00156-00045525-00045794": "only those who suffer from chronic tonsillitis.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00157-00045810-00046041": "Now, who are the patients who suffer from chronic tonsillitis?", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00158-00046057-00046377": "There is no such thing as a well-established classification of,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00159-00046394-00046703": "\"This is chronic tonsillitis and everything over here is not.\"", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00160-00046782-00046926": "We are not sure.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00161-00046943-00047206": "It depends on the consulting physician.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00162-00047270-00047371": "But in general,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00163-00047397-00047592": "in which patients is it indicated", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00164-00047592-00047853": "or what data suggest us that it is necessary", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00165-00047880-00048005": "to remove the tonsils?", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00166-00048029-00048391": "When we have chronic and persistent sore throat,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00167-00048418-00048552": "halitosis or bad odor,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00168-00048576-00048879": "detritus and decomposed food debris", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00169-00048896-00049096": "from the tonsillar crypts.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00170-00049153-00049578": "Also when we have tonsillar erythema and persistent cervical lymphadenopathy,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00171-00049595-00049770": "that we have it for a long time,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00172-00049787-00050091": "it does not go away and there is no reason that can explain", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00173-00050108-00050272": "these problems.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00174-00050289-00050695": "In these cases, the most common scenario is that there is a bacterial infection", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00175-00050711-00050940": "in the tonsils, but it is a mixed flora.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00176-00050957-00051121": "We have different bacteria,", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00177-00051138-00051405": "some of them resistant to conventional antibiotics", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00178-00051421-00051953": "and in these patients a tonsillectomy can be performed.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00179-00051999-00052131": "That was all for today's video.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00180-00052148-00052291": "I hope you have understood everything.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00181-00052305-00052526": "Don't forget to leave any questions in the comments.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00182-00052543-00052782": "Special thanks to the members who are subscribed to Patreon", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00183-00052799-00053024": "that support us to make these videos", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00184-00053059-00053336": "so that we can make more and better content.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00185-00053353-00053695": "If you also want to support us, I'll leave you the link here.", "2jbWYXl9Uo4-00186-00053711-00054046": "As always, help us change the world, share the information."}}, {"audio_id": "2k6hFq6zgsM", "text": {"2k6hFq6zgsM-00000-00000006-00000381": "It's time to tie it all together! Hey there my name is Brad Smith owner and", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00001-00000381-00000725": "founder of HylthLink.com it's my mission and my passion to help others", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00002-00000725-00001151": "with their business so if I can be your coach your mentor help you in any way", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00003-00001151-00001488": "that's my goal my goal is to bring you value so let me know if there's anything", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00004-00001488-00001736": "I can help you with and I look forward to working with you.", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00005-00001736-00002148": "Hey guys Brad Smith here today is video number eight of my 8 part video series", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00006-00002148-00002643": "or I'm teaching you how to put your website and automation in action today I", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00007-00002643-00002991": "want to talk about the process setting up the process so everything", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00008-00002991-00003414": "automatically happens while you're busy working with your clients once the", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00009-00003414-00003861": "process is set up your website and your automation will just run automatically", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00010-00003861-00004317": "saving you time and building your business now when I was starting helpful", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00011-00004317-00004764": "inc.com the directory for health and fitness businesses I was able to set up", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00012-00004764-00005246": "automation through a series of different processes that I set up before I even", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00013-00005246-00005694": "started so as an example I had a button that said to start here a user would", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00014-00005694-00006176": "click start here next was a quick survey a quick questionnaire that not only", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00015-00006176-00006636": "incentivize them to learn more about me but I was able to know more about them", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00016-00006636-00006965": "the user and if you're watching this right now you might have already gone", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00017-00006965-00007331": "through that short survey at the end of the survey I asked for the name in the", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00018-00007331-00007686": "email address which would be automatically added to my email", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00019-00007686-00008088": "follow-up sequence now once they gave the name and email address after the", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00020-00008088-00008411": "survey I had an automated email that went to them right away", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00021-00008411-00008859": "I had another email that went to them two days later and then continued to", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00022-00008859-00009290": "follow up with them automatically through a series of emails every single", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00023-00009290-00009807": "week for a whole year now nobody signed up the first couple emails but over time", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00024-00009807-00010227": "as they got to know me build a relationship with me and built trust I", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00025-00010227-00010656": "was able to get them signed up offer them a product that they actually wanted", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00026-00010656-00011106": "and needed and now we're still connected to this day now I want to encourage you", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00027-00011106-00011481": "guys to set up some sort of process for your business something that will", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00028-00011481-00011979": "automatically go out consistently something said so you already know where", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00029-00011979-00012342": "your clients are gonna be going where in the funnel where in the process they'll", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00030-00012342-00012782": "be some of the biggest brands and businesses out there have a process in", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00031-00012782-00013331": "place if you can set up your business like a big brand cake", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00032-00013331-00013669": "you can have it automatically go out so you don't have to hire more employees", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00033-00013669-00014173": "and hire different services to do it for you set up the process have it automated", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00034-00014173-00014675": "and you will see results now thank you so much for watching these eight videos", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00035-00014675-00015123": "I really hope they helped you and I want to ask you to check out our new website", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00036-00015123-00015593": "conversion links com all of these videos are sponsored by our new software", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00037-00015593-00016034": "conversion links which helps you automate and sign up more clients from", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00038-00016034-00016433": "your website and that's exactly why we all build websites in the first place", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00039-00016433-00016973": "right we build our websites to get more clients and increase your revenue and by", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00040-00016973-00017309": "adding buttons and different relationship builders on your site", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00041-00017309-00017717": "you'll be able to increase the conversions which also increases your", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00042-00017717-00018197": "revenue and if it's all tied to your process and automation you'll work less", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00043-00018197-00018779": "while also giving more clients to sign up now this sounds interesting to you", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00044-00018779-00019226": "I'll make sure I post the link below make sure you leave me a comment if you", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00045-00019226-00019639": "have any questions or if I've helped you in any way I hope you guys have a great", "2k6hFq6zgsM-00046-00019639-00020191": "2018 and I'll keep sending these videos out every Wednesday"}}, {"audio_id": "2knhUTFuZaM", "text": {"2knhUTFuZaM-00000-00000000-00000289": "- You've decided you want an open relationship", "2knhUTFuZaM-00001-00000289-00000469": "but how do you tell your partner about it?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00002-00000469-00000581": "- Hey, babe.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00003-00000581-00000698": "- [Laura] Hey.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00004-00000698-00000803": "- Hey, you.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00005-00000803-00001013": "(slow sexy music)", "2knhUTFuZaM-00006-00001013-00001238": "(whistles)", "2knhUTFuZaM-00007-00003097-00003306": "- Monogamous relationships are tough.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00008-00003306-00003429": "I mean, are you really supposed to be", "2knhUTFuZaM-00009-00003429-00003705": "with one person for the rest of your life?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00010-00003705-00003930": "What do you do if you want to have an open relationship", "2knhUTFuZaM-00011-00003930-00004068": "but your partner's worried about", "2knhUTFuZaM-00012-00004068-00004254": "sharing you with other people.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00013-00004254-00004338": "Hey, babe.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00014-00004557-00004703": "- Uh, we need to talk.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00015-00004703-00004896": "- Let's talk about open relationships", "2knhUTFuZaM-00016-00004896-00005168": "because even if you say you don't want one", "2knhUTFuZaM-00017-00005168-00005297": "you've probably thought about it.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00018-00005297-00005460": "Most people have and I think everyone's", "2knhUTFuZaM-00019-00005460-00005610": "pretty curious if it could work.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00020-00005610-00005850": "- Yeah, I think it's everyone's kind of guilty pleasure", "2knhUTFuZaM-00021-00005850-00006079": "and there's also so many different ways to do it.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00022-00006079-00006223": "There's one version of it that's", "2knhUTFuZaM-00023-00006223-00006333": "allowing your significant other", "2knhUTFuZaM-00024-00006333-00006524": "to have an extracurricular activity.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00025-00006524-00006645": "A little sex on the side.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00026-00006645-00006728": "- Uh-huh.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00027-00006728-00006827": "- And then there's the inviting", "2knhUTFuZaM-00028-00006827-00007221": "a person into your bedroom, the unicorn.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00029-00007221-00007380": "And then there's swinging", "2knhUTFuZaM-00030-00007380-00007558": "so you know, you and another couple,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00031-00007558-00007792": "you swap partners, and that's a thing.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00032-00007792-00007915": "- So should we open this can of worms?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00033-00007915-00008029": "- Yes, I'm excited.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00034-00008029-00008290": "- Okay, let's do it. - Okay.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00035-00008290-00008613": "My boyfriend has mentioned wanting to have a threesome", "2knhUTFuZaM-00036-00008613-00008753": "and after thinking about it for a while", "2knhUTFuZaM-00037-00008753-00009004": "I'm actually open to the idea.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00038-00009004-00009181": "He wants to get a joint Tinder account", "2knhUTFuZaM-00039-00009181-00009365": "to find a third person that way", "2knhUTFuZaM-00040-00009365-00009608": "but I am nervous someone I know will see it.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00041-00009608-00009851": "Do you think it's a good idea,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00042-00009851-00010066": "or do you have any other suggestions", "2knhUTFuZaM-00043-00010066-00010250": "for where I could find someone?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00044-00010250-00010363": "- Your friends will see it.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00045-00010363-00010474": "- Who cares what your friends think?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00046-00010474-00010557": "You're having an open relationship,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00047-00010557-00010774": "maybe they would start having a little more fun.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00048-00010774-00010946": "- True, or maybe some of your friends", "2knhUTFuZaM-00049-00010946-00011194": "would like to get in on the action.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00050-00011194-00011278": "- Yes!", "2knhUTFuZaM-00051-00011278-00011389": "- If they knew you were interested!", "2knhUTFuZaM-00052-00011389-00011503": "- (bleep) your friends.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00053-00011503-00011586": "- That's the answer.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00054-00011586-00011737": "If you really want to do it, do it right.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00055-00011737-00012012": "Go out together, go to a bar, go to a party.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00056-00012012-00012225": "It's not going to happen on the first night", "2knhUTFuZaM-00057-00012225-00012480": "but eventually you'll both find someone", "2knhUTFuZaM-00058-00012480-00012655": "who you're like is cute, or you're vibing with.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00059-00012655-00012739": "- Right.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00060-00012739-00012938": "- And just say like, hey, let's get out of here.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00061-00012938-00013028": "(laughs)", "2knhUTFuZaM-00062-00013028-00013189": "Last year we went to South America.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00063-00013189-00013272": "- Uh-huh.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00064-00013272-00013356": "- On a vacation.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00065-00013356-00013448": "- We were there -- - For New Year's.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00066-00013448-00013576": "And while we were there,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00067-00013576-00013713": "we went to a New Year's party", "2knhUTFuZaM-00068-00013713-00013947": "and we were at this table having a big fun dinner", "2knhUTFuZaM-00069-00013947-00014232": "and there was another young, attractive couple next to us.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00070-00014232-00014416": "And we started to hang out and have fun.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00071-00014416-00014614": "- And they were like flirting with us, we thought.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00072-00014614-00014745": "- I liked them, they were cute.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00073-00014745-00014828": "- Yeah.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00074-00014828-00015028": "- And we were having fun with this couple,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00075-00015028-00015269": "so we invited them back to our room", "2knhUTFuZaM-00076-00015269-00015426": "and we hooked up with them.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00077-00015426-00015509": "- Right.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00078-00015509-00015799": "If you have enough swag to pull this off", "2knhUTFuZaM-00079-00015799-00015900": "because not everyone does", "2knhUTFuZaM-00080-00015900-00016042": "and people are like, I want an open relationship", "2knhUTFuZaM-00081-00016042-00016199": "but they don't want to go hunt for it.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00082-00016199-00016283": "- Right.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00083-00016283-00016502": "Look, always a good idea to explore", "2knhUTFuZaM-00084-00016502-00016681": "and be open to new things", "2knhUTFuZaM-00085-00016681-00016928": "but keep in mind that, you know", "2knhUTFuZaM-00086-00016928-00017121": "sometimes opening your relationship", "2knhUTFuZaM-00087-00017121-00017343": "does come with some complications,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00088-00017343-00017446": "so be ready for that.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00089-00017446-00017552": "- And one of those complications", "2knhUTFuZaM-00090-00017552-00017770": "might be your friends finding out.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00091-00017770-00017998": "So for now, if you want to avoid that,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00092-00017998-00018129": "there's apps like Thrinder,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00093-00018129-00018322": "or you can just go on Tinder separately", "2knhUTFuZaM-00094-00018322-00018536": "and in the messaging part, be like,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00095-00018536-00018734": "actually I'm looking for me and my boyfriend", "2knhUTFuZaM-00096-00018734-00018996": "or just have sex with your friends.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00097-00018996-00019190": "Just go for that.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00098-00019190-00019336": "- We got a call from Derek, should we, ah,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00099-00019336-00019483": "bring him into the bedroom with us here?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00100-00019483-00019633": "- I thought you'd never ask.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00101-00019633-00019737": "- Hey, Derek.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00102-00019737-00019876": "- [Derek] Hey, Nev and Laura.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00103-00019876-00020109": "My boyfriend and I recently opened up our relationship", "2knhUTFuZaM-00104-00020109-00020349": "and he seems to be super into it.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00105-00020349-00020600": "I mean, he's seeing tons of guys", "2knhUTFuZaM-00106-00020600-00020761": "but I'm not super into it.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00107-00020761-00021006": "Can we go back into being in a closed relationship?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00108-00021006-00021183": "- This is one of the big dangers.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00109-00021183-00021285": "- Yeah.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00110-00021285-00021429": "- Of opening your relationship.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00111-00021429-00021614": "Because the reality is, if you ever", "2knhUTFuZaM-00112-00021614-00021902": "want to go back, it's really hard.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00113-00021902-00022065": "- If you guys were good before,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00114-00022065-00022226": "you could be good again,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00115-00022226-00022430": "so you should just tell him, hey, you know,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00116-00022430-00022626": "I know this is an open relationship, we tried it,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00117-00022626-00022745": "but I'm not really feeling it.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00118-00022745-00022978": "Do you think we could close it?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00119-00022978-00023126": "- Or maybe say, I know we said", "2knhUTFuZaM-00120-00023126-00023313": "we could go hook up with other people", "2knhUTFuZaM-00121-00023313-00023580": "but maybe let's just have the other person come to us", "2knhUTFuZaM-00122-00023580-00023858": "and start doing more like threeway sex.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00123-00023858-00024042": "So that's a good way.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00124-00024042-00024158": "- Right, ask him to bring,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00125-00024158-00024350": "if he wants to be with someone else,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00126-00024350-00024633": "bring him over, that way we can share it.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00127-00024633-00024790": "- Just because you're not liking how", "2knhUTFuZaM-00128-00024790-00024983": "it currently is, there's so much nuance", "2knhUTFuZaM-00129-00024983-00025206": "to an open relationship, you can probably --", "2knhUTFuZaM-00130-00025206-00025324": "- Don't go backwards, go forwards.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00131-00025324-00025444": "- Go forwards.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00132-00025444-00025648": "- Good luck, Derek.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00133-00025648-00025809": "Alright, we got another e-mail here.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00134-00025809-00025892": "- I'm excited.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00135-00025892-00026227": "- From Layla, who says, so this is a little awkward", "2knhUTFuZaM-00136-00026227-00026493": "and I'm not really sure where to start.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00137-00026493-00026695": "I've been doing yoga at this amazing studio", "2knhUTFuZaM-00138-00026695-00026868": "for the past two years and I've become", "2knhUTFuZaM-00139-00026868-00027062": "really good friends with the owners.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00140-00027062-00027350": "They're a super cool young good-looking couple", "2knhUTFuZaM-00141-00027350-00027550": "and while I've always thought they were attractive,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00142-00027550-00027755": "I never really thought about them", "2knhUTFuZaM-00143-00027755-00027976": "in any kind of sexual way.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00144-00027976-00028392": "But lately, I found out that they have an open relationship", "2knhUTFuZaM-00145-00028397-00028606": "and it feels like they've been trying", "2knhUTFuZaM-00146-00028606-00028869": "to get me to have sex with them.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00147-00028869-00029125": "I'm not interested, but I don't want", "2knhUTFuZaM-00148-00029125-00029315": "to turn them and hurt their feelings", "2knhUTFuZaM-00149-00029315-00029491": "and have it get weird at the studio.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00150-00029491-00029644": "What should I do?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00151-00029644-00029803": "- I think the issue really is", "2knhUTFuZaM-00152-00029803-00030043": "when you're in an open relationship,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00153-00030043-00030188": "when you're looking to find new people,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00154-00030188-00030408": "you also have to respect that other people", "2knhUTFuZaM-00155-00030408-00030692": "might not have the, like they might have boundaries", "2knhUTFuZaM-00156-00030692-00030895": "that you don't have with your partner.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00157-00030895-00031077": "- Maybe mention that you have an STD?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00158-00031077-00031161": "Casually?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00159-00031161-00031285": "- The casual herpes?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00160-00031285-00031472": "- Just like, bring a pill bottle", "2knhUTFuZaM-00161-00031472-00031639": "and have it like spill out of your yoga bag.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00162-00031639-00031723": "- Oh, my Valtrex!", "2knhUTFuZaM-00163-00031723-00031806": "- Yeah!", "2knhUTFuZaM-00164-00031806-00032014": "(laughs)", "2knhUTFuZaM-00165-00032115-00032296": "But that could backfire because they could be like,", "2knhUTFuZaM-00166-00032296-00032429": "oh my god, you have herpes too?", "2knhUTFuZaM-00167-00032429-00032707": "Listen, Layla, you just have to take a headstand", "2knhUTFuZaM-00168-00032707-00032940": "and let them know that you're not downward dog.", "2knhUTFuZaM-00169-00032940-00033148": "(laughs)"}}, {"audio_id": "2kzdkpsYqnk", "text": {"2kzdkpsYqnk-00000-00000137-00000456": ">>Weight shift.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00001-00000456-00001409": "So if we have an object and it’s sitting on a pair of scales then the scale that’s", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00002-00001409-00001929": "closest to the center of gravity is going to support more weight.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00003-00001929-00002823": "So we see that in this lower illustration that if the center of gravity is closer to", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00004-00002823-00003596": "the scale on the screen left then that scale is bearing more of the weight compared to", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00005-00003596-00003869": "the scale on the right.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00006-00003869-00004682": "Course if the object’s evenly between the two then they evenly support the weight.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00007-00004682-00005751": "And if the object happens to be shaped so that center of gravity happens to be located", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00008-00005751-00006280": "closer to one side than to the other side, then again we have the same situation that", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00009-00006280-00006737": "there’s more weight on that side.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00010-00006737-00007470": "Now, this is important because it applies to characters.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00011-00007470-00008325": "So if we have a character like Alex the lion here and his pose happens to be such that", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00012-00008325-00009366": "his center of gravity is closer to his screen left foot then that center of gravity being", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00013-00009366-00010002": "closer to that foot means the center of pressure will be closer to that foot.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00014-00010002-00010747": "So as we see in this drawing, we have that same situation.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00015-00010747-00011925": "So the foot, or the leg, that is on the side where the center of gravity is located is", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00016-00011925-00012229": "going to bear weight.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00017-00012229-00013171": "Now, we can measure this directly by using force plates, these are essentially like digital", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00018-00013171-00013804": "bathroom scales, and we can connect these to a computer and collect data.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00019-00013804-00014763": "So make a graph to see the pose, the weight for various poses.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00020-00014763-00015838": "And what’s surprising is the very large and rapid variations of weight with relatively", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00021-00015838-00016204": "simple basic posts.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00022-00016204-00016693": "So let’s just look at a recording illustrating this.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00023-00016693-00018143": "So if you look in the back you see the weight on each foot and here it goes the first being", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00024-00018143-00018676": "more or less evenly divided and then very significant difference 1 foot to the other", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00025-00018676-00019803": "of them more or less evenly divided again.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00026-00019803-00022089": "Let’s just look one more.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00027-00022089-00022929": "So you see, I’m not doing anything dramatic there and yet there’s more than a 2 to 1", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00028-00022929-00023623": "difference, sometimes 3 to 1 in the weight on each foot.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00029-00023623-00024666": "Now to understand what’s happening here, let’s start out with a pose in which I have", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00030-00024666-00024934": "basically the same amount of weight on each foot.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00031-00024934-00025660": "In this case the center of gravity is located right in the middle so center of pressures", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00032-00025660-00026231": "of equal equal distance between the 2 feet.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00033-00026231-00027364": "Now if I shift my center of gravity by just 2 inches, then in this case there’s twice", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00034-00027364-00028112": "as much weight on the screen left foot compared to the screen right foot even with just that", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00035-00028112-00028745": "simple small shift in the center of gravity.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00036-00028745-00029833": "And here I’ve shifted it just one more inch and so now the center of gravity is such that", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00037-00029833-00030665": "the center of pressure is 3 inches from 1 foot and 9 inches from the other foot.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00038-00030665-00031675": "And in this case the ratio of weight is 3 to 1, so 3 times as much weight on one foot", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00039-00031675-00031893": "then the other.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00040-00031893-00032552": "And you see here how that is effecting my pose.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00041-00032552-00033516": "Now of course if I continued and put the center of gravity so that it was completely over", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00042-00033516-00034286": "1 foot that I could actually just have no weight on the opposite leg, in which case", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00043-00034286-00034733": "I could just stand on the 1 foot.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00044-00034733-00035743": "Now there’s often a very direct relationship between the weight shift from leg to leg and", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00045-00035743-00036011": "the resulting pose.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00046-00036011-00036258": "So classic example is the Contrapposto pose.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00047-00036258-00036824": "So we see the angles of the hips and shoulders.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00048-00036824-00037930": "And in the Contrapposto pose, the weight shift is such that the weight-bearing side the hips", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00049-00037930-00038625": "go up on that side and the shoulders go down on that side.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00050-00038625-00039266": "The side that’s carrying less weight, the hip tends to go down and the shoulders tend", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00051-00039266-00039530": "to rise.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00052-00039530-00040611": "Glen Vilppu, a great teacher, puts this very nicely.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00053-00040611-00042496": "He says… so we get the very distinctive line of action in the entire pose resulting", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00054-00042496-00042896": "from this weight shift.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00055-00042896-00043940": "Now in animation this is very important because if you don’t reflect properly weight shift", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00056-00043940-00044997": "then it deadens the look of the character’s motions and it’s one of the most common", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00057-00044997-00045394": "errors in the work of beginners.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00058-00045394-00046056": "So a good animator will be always thinking about what’s happening with the entire bod.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00059-00046056-00046965": "So even say a shot like this where we’re only seeing the upper body really, an animator", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00060-00046965-00047703": "needs to be thinking about what the entire body is doing and what which shift occurs", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00061-00047703-00048216": "because of that affects the entire pose.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00062-00048216-00051069": "So in summary… you saw in those poses I was shifting over 100 pounds of weight with", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00063-00051069-00051666": "relatively simple changes with pose.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00064-00051666-00052474": "Weight shift is reflected in the character’s pose, not just in the legs also in the upper", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00065-00052474-00053012": "body all the way through the neck and the head.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00066-00053012-00053982": "And one example is the Contrapposto pose….", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00067-00053982-00054717": "Course not every pose is Contrapposto but it’s a classic example illustrating weight", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00068-00054717-00054817": "shift.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00069-00054817-00055775": "So, hope that was clear and now you see how important center of gravity, line of gravity,", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00070-00055775-00056180": "center of pressure is to all these topics.", "2kzdkpsYqnk-00071-00056180-00056279": "So see you next time."}}, {"audio_id": "2kzSVASg0Vg", "text": {"2kzSVASg0Vg-00000-00000744-00001592": "Oh hi everybody! Today, I’m going to talk to you about numbers, and measuring, and maybe", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00001-00001592-00002392": "even salamanders. Ho, I really like salamanders! So, one thing we use numbers for is when we are", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00002-00002392-00003200": "measuring. MEASURING! Measuring is finding out the size of something, or the amount of something.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00003-00003250-00004240": "And we can measure many things, like time, weight, temperature, or even", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00004-00004240-00005192": "speed! But today we are going to measure length. LENGTH! Length is the distance between two points,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00005-00005192-00005800": "like how far it is between the start and the end of something. And we measure length", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00006-00005800-00006680": "to find out how long something is, and also how tall, or wide, or even how far away something is!", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00007-00006759-00007264": "OK, this might be a little confusing, so why don’t we take a break and have a snack!", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00008-00007488-00007984": "OK that’s enough! Anyway, when we measure the length of something,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00009-00007984-00008816": "we measure with units. UNITS! There are many standard units that you can use, like inches,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00010-00008816-00009672": "or centimeters. There are also many non-standard units that you can use... like paper clips! Today", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00011-00009672-00010272": "I want to use my favorite non-standard unit: the salamander. I said salamander!", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00012-00010448-00011120": "So, right now salamander is going to be a unit that we can count and use to measure things.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00013-00011176-00011768": "But before we do that, we need to talk about the rules for measuring, which leads us to a new", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00014-00011768-00012488": "segment, called: THE IMPORTANT RULES FOR MEASURING LENGTH IN STRAIGHT LINES WITH NON STANDARD UNITS.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00015-00012560-00013160": "Wow, that is a long title. Rule number one: all of the units need to be", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00016-00013160-00013832": "the same size and direction. Sorry super tiny salamander. Sorry turtle.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00017-00013990-00014719": "Rule number two: all of the units should touch each other at the ends, but not overlap on top of each other.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00018-00014847-00015272": "And they should also not be spread out. Salamanders, come back!", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00019-00015405-00016272": "Rule number three: usually, the units need to make a straight line. Like this. But not like this.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00020-00016459-00017050": "And rule number four: when measuring something, for example, thelength of this book,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00021-00017050-00017672": "we start the units next to one end of the book, and finish at the other end of the book. Like this.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00022-00017880-00018400": "So we don’t start from the center of the book, and we don’t start from over here", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00023-00018400-00019176": "or some other place, like from like the beach. OK, that now ends the part of the show called", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00024-00019264-00019818": "THE IMPORTANT RULES FOR MEASURING LENGTH IN STRAIGHT LINES WITH NON STANDARD UNITS.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00025-00019838-00020512": "OK, so now, let’s do some measuring. First we need something to measure. What should we use…", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00026-00020584-00021448": "oh I know, how about cows... with funny hats? Ha! OK, here we have three cows.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00027-00021552-00022424": "Blue Cow, Red Cow, and Yellow Cow. And they all have funny hats. But I want to know", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00028-00022424-00022952": "which cow has the tallest hat, so we will have to measure the length - or", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00029-00022952-00023824": "some might call it the height - of each cow’s hat. First up is Blue Cow. Let’s measure the height of", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00030-00023824-00024512": "Blue Cow’s hat with salamanders. Remember: We start measuring at one end of the hat,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00031-00024512-00025096": "and go in a straight line next to the hat all the way to the other end of the hat.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00032-00025224-00026120": "So Blue Cow’s hat is one, two salamanders long, or we can also say two salamanders high.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00033-00026304-00026992": "OK Red Cow. Red Cow’s hat is one, two, three,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00034-00027024-00027552": "four, salamanders long, or we can also say four salamanders high.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00035-00027736-00028768": "And last is Yellow Cow. Yellow Cow’s hat is one, two, three, four, five salamanders long,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00036-00028768-00029583": "or we can also say five salamanders high. Now… let’s compare hats! But first… snack time…", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00037-00029727-00030256": "OK that’s enough. So, Blue Cow’s hat is two salamanders high,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00038-00030327-00031095": "and Red Cow’s hat is four salamanders high. Four is a larger number than two so that means that", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00039-00031095-00031824": "Red Cow’s hat is taller than Blue Cow’s hat, and the opposite is also true: Blue Cow’s hat", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00040-00031824-00032688": "is shorter than Red Cow’s hat! Now if we look at Yellow Cow’s hat, it is five salamanders high.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00041-00032808-00033584": "Five is a larger number than four so this means that Yellow Cow’s hat is taller than Red Cow’s hat,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00042-00033584-00034448": "and the opposite is also true: Red Cow’s hat is shorter than Yellow Cow’s hat. And five is also a", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00043-00034448-00035048": "larger number than two, which means that out of all of the cow's hats that you can see right now,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00044-00035048-00035935": "Yellow Cow’s hat is the tallest! Hat. Taller hat. Tallest hat! Yay!", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00045-00035960-00036576": "OK good job. Now that you are getting better, let’s measure how wide each of the cow’s hats", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00046-00036576-00037248": "are. We call this the width. WIDTH! And instead of measuring up, we will measure from side", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00047-00037248-00038488": "to side, from left to right. Ready? Lets Go! So how many salamanders wide is Blue Cow’s Hat?", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00048-00038920-00039384": "And how many salamanders wide is Red Cow’s Hat?", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00049-00039784-00040232": "And finally how many salamanders wide is Yellow Cow’s Hat?", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00050-00040648-00041027": "So... which cow has the widest hat?", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00051-00041565-00042232": "OK, that is all the time today we have for measuring. And remember that you can measure things too,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00052-00042232-00042551": "like right after this video is over.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00053-00042551-00043172": "Even if you don’t know any cows with funny hats. And if you don’t have salamanders to measure with,", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00054-00043172-00044192": "you can use other things, like rulers, or erasors, or even your feet! Oh I wish I had feet. Anyway", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00055-00044192-00044680": "don't forget to subscribe to our channel for more laughing and learning from Scratch Garden.", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00056-00044680-00045300": "Did you know that we have many many videos with salamanders? No it’s true! Our salamander", "2kzSVASg0Vg-00057-00045300-00046304": "videos have created an immeasurable amount of happiness for many many people. OK bye for now!"}}, {"audio_id": "2kFPJwi6VqY", "text": {"2kFPJwi6VqY-00000-00000000-00000300": "Right here in this great city", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00001-00000300-00001000": "we have one of the outstanding institutions of higher education", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00002-00001000-00001300": "all over the world, that's what Yale University is.", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00003-00001600-00001900": "And we should be proud", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00004-00001900-00002100": "of this great university, but!", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00005-00002100-00002600": "A few miles away from here, in this same city", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00006-00002600-00003100": "we have children who are getting totally inadequate education.", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00007-00003750-00004200": "Right here, one of the great universities of in the world", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00008-00004200-00004400": "and a few blocks away from here,", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00009-00004400-00004800": "kids who in a million years would never dream", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00010-00004800-00005150": "that they could even get a college education.", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00011-00005475-00005750": "Right here we have a university", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00012-00005750-00006200": "that has an endowment of 24 billion dollars", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00013-00006300-00006650": "but all over this city and in this state,", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00014-00006650-00007050": "we have children who are living in desperate poverty.", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00015-00007300-00007800": "In this city alone, 36 percent of the children", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00016-00007800-00008000": "are living in poverty.", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00017-00008250-00008500": "I was in Baltimore the other day.", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00018-00008500-00008900": "Tens of thousands of people addicted to heroin.", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00019-00009000-00009350": "40, 50 percent unemployment rates", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00020-00009350-00009600": "in minority communities.", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00021-00009850-00010300": "Brothers and sisters, if this country is going to survive", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00022-00010300-00010500": "in any moral sense,", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00023-00010500-00010800": "in any sustainable economic sense,", "2kFPJwi6VqY-00024-00010800-00011200": "we are going to change our national priorities."}}, {"audio_id": "2kHqUxPb2bM", "text": {"2kHqUxPb2bM-00000-00000070-00000723": "Music... Music and Clapping....", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00001-00003131-00003279": "Music.... Having a larger facility", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00002-00003279-00003847": "with more high tech equipment will help the CPSC be more efficient and productive", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00003-00003847-00004284": "in testing products, products that can pose a danger to consumers.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00004-00004284-00004801": "I would like to welcome you to the outdoor power sports testing laboratory.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00005-00004801-00005129": "This laboratory is equipped with data acquisition equipment as well", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00006-00005129-00005350": "as this tilt table built in the floor", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00007-00005350-00005679": "where perform the parking brake test that is part of the standard.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00008-00005679-00006020": "As you can see the vehicle on the left continues to move.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00009-00006020-00006426": "The standard says that vehicle should be able to maintain its position", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00010-00006426-00007031": "on this slope facing both downhill forewords and backwards for 5 minutes without failing", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00011-00007031-00007525": "and clearly the one on the left does not pass that test.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00012-00007525-00007872": "This is the cyclic testing lab.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00013-00007872-00008315": "What we do here is we simulate the lifetime use of cribs for example,", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00014-00008315-00008736": "by running them through our crib shaker test, crib impacter test,", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00015-00008736-00009000": "side rail impact test, and then our slat test.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00016-00009000-00010158": "And combined, this simulates a lifetime of use by a typical child out in the field.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00017-00010158-00010646": "This is the durable children's product testing area we have the toy lab also over here", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00018-00010646-00011031": "and what I'm going to be showing your guys today is the Walker stair test.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00019-00011031-00011472": "What we are looking for are skid pads on the underside of the baby walker.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00020-00011472-00011726": "Right now there are only castors on it.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00021-00011726-00012146": "There should be rubber pads here so that when it falls", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00022-00012146-00012523": "over stairs it stops short and doesn't tumble.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00023-00012523-00013022": "The velocity of the 8 pound weight falling will create a set speed", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00024-00013022-00013335": "that we know a child can achieve.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00025-00013793-00014210": "Well obviously if it had the skid pads on it, it would have stopped short", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00026-00014210-00014413": "and it wouldn't have gone over the edge.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00027-00014413-00014896": "This is the impact testing area and what we are looking for here are any small parts", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00028-00014896-00015171": "or sharp edges that break off on an impacting.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00029-00015171-00015588": "Depending on how old the child is depends on how high we'll drop it from.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00030-00015588-00015829": "Pretty simple test, but we are going to take it", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00031-00015829-00016166": "down until it breaks one of the laser beams but not both.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00032-00016166-00016238": "That would be too far.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00033-00016238-00016359": "That would be outside the regulation.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00034-00016359-00017473": "And again if we get any small parts or sharp edges out of that, that's a failure.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00035-00017473-00017978": "You are in the bike helmet impact lab and here we test helmets.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00036-00017978-00018563": "This particular test raises up the helmet so that it reaches an impact velocity", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00037-00018563-00019215": "of approximately 11 to 14 miles per hour, and that is roughly comparable to a lot", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00038-00019215-00019602": "of the bicycle helmet impacts and injuries.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00039-00019718-00020255": "This is an important test because it insures that bike helmets comply", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00040-00020255-00020765": "with the federal regulations and in this particular example I've got in my hand.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00041-00020765-00021333": "On the outside it looks very, very similar to anything else you would see in the market place.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00042-00021333-00021620": "And yet it broke.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00043-00021620-00021905": "So that's why we test.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00044-00021905-00022132": "This is the CPSC flammability laboratory.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00045-00022132-00022573": "We have the capability of evaluating mattresses, mattress pads,", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00046-00022573-00022885": "and children's sleepwear to the federal regulation.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00047-00022885-00023305": "In this new lab space we have a special burn room", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00048-00023305-00023634": "that is capable of handling larger scale fires.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00049-00023634-00023873": "The room is instrumented with a special hood", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00050-00023873-00024351": "that can measure the heat released from the fire below.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00051-00024351-00024670": "This is an example of the children's sleepwear test.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00052-00024670-00024924": "The sample is hung in a test cabinet.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00053-00024924-00025344": "A small flame is held for 3 seconds to the bottom edge.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00054-00025344-00025478": "It's a vertical ignition.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00055-00025478-00025986": "Once the specimen is ignited it is allowed to burn until completion.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00056-00025986-00026507": "As you can see from this example, large flames, burning vigorously,", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00057-00026507-00026849": "it would not give the child the opportunity to react very quickly.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00058-00026849-00027317": "And therefore this sample fails the test.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00059-00027317-00027507": "We're here in the chemistry lab of the CPSC.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00060-00027507-00027983": "And we test children's products for lead in paint and plastics.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00061-00027983-00028402": "We're testing using X-Ray fluorescence and that is something we do,", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00062-00028402-00028695": "with the same instruments, at our ports of entry.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00063-00028695-00029343": "We also have special kind of XRF called HD XRF which we can be used to measure lead in paint", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00064-00029343-00029781": "down to 0.009 percent, which is the regulatory limit.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00065-00029781-00030136": "One of the other things we do in the chemistry lab is test for Phthalates.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00066-00030136-00030613": "We have a brand new instrument called a direct analysis in real time mass spectrometer.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00067-00030613-00030969": "It's a real advantage for testing for Phthalates.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00068-00030969-00031563": "Traditional testing requires a lot of sample preparation, we have to cut the sample up,", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00069-00031563-00031944": "dissolve it in some harsh organic solvents, we run instruments", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00070-00031944-00032300": "with a run time can be anywhere from 20 minutes to a half hour.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00071-00032300-00032670": "But this direct analysis instrument allows to put the sample", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00072-00032670-00032846": "in without any sample preparation.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00073-00032846-00033138": "We just take a quick glass tube.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00074-00033138-00033523": "Rub it on top of the sample to get some of the material off.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00075-00033523-00033980": "And put it into the instrument, hot gas runs over the sample and brings it", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00076-00033980-00034301": "into the instrument and the instrument actually measures the mass", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00077-00034301-00034453": "of the different molecules that enter.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00078-00034453-00034584": "We can look at the print out.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00079-00034584-00034847": "Get an idea of what molecules are in there.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00080-00034847-00035120": "And then we get a quick yes or no answer, are there Phthalates?", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00081-00035120-00035590": "The CPSC Stands for safety and this state of the art facility is a testament", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00082-00035590-00035940": "to our renewed commitment in keeping families safe.", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00083-00036234-00036535": "Music.... Music.....", "2kHqUxPb2bM-00084-00036535-00036559": "Music...."}}, {"audio_id": "2loGCcX1Qiu", "text": {"2loGCcX1Qiu-00000-00000056-00000140": "Music, please.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00001-00000153-00000550": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00002-00000563-00000673": "Yeah, work it.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00003-00000687-00001007": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00004-00001020-00001111": "Whoo.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00005-00001124-00001604": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00006-00001618-00002102": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00007-00002115-00002242": "No.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00008-00002739-00003309": "[music playing, applause]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00009-00003323-00003683": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00010-00003696-00004053": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00011-00004067-00004164": "Work it, girl!", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00012-00004177-00004317": "[screaming]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00013-00004330-00004607": "Whoa. You are really enjoying the show, huh, Amanda?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00014-00004621-00004844": "No, this light is about 2,000 degrees.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00015-00004948-00005105": "Keep dancing! Whoo!", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00016-00005118-00005678": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00017-00005692-00005889": "And here we have the star of stage and screen,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00018-00005902-00006039": "Leon Thomas.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00019-00006052-00006246": "Hey, Leon, you got that five bucks you owe me?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00020-00006286-00006396": "I don't even know you.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00021-00006479-00006756": "Keeping it real. I love it. Good to have you here, buddy.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00022-00006773-00006883": "Great to be here.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00023-00006936-00007106": "And I see you're here with fashion sensation,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00024-00007120-00007230": "True Jackson.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00025-00007267-00007464": "How do you know that? Who told you my name?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00026-00007517-00007624": "Lulu.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00027-00007667-00007967": "Pistachio green. [laughing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00028-00007981-00008101": "It's fantastic.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00029-00008121-00008361": "I've never seen a coat like this before.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00030-00008481-00008768": "I like this very much. It's very snazzy.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00031-00008782-00008972": "See, I knew you'd like orange buttons.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00032-00009022-00009122": "So what's it for?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00033-00009135-00009262": "What do you mean?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00034-00009275-00009399": "Don't you have some fancy party to go to?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00035-00009432-00009546": "- No. - A world event?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00036-00009559-00009689": "- No. - A state dinner?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00037-00009716-00009856": "It's just for around the house.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00038-00009869-00010350": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00039-00010413-00010560": "What do you think, Molly?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00040-00010657-00010764": "Me?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00041-00010777-00010974": "Yes, I like to hear everybody's opinion.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00042-00011014-00011124": "Oh, I don't know.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00043-00011161-00011374": "Come on, Molly. We're all friends here.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00044-00011414-00011548": "Tell him what you think.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00045-00011614-00011811": "Well, it's a little boring.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00046-00012101-00012215": "You say what now?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00047-00012228-00012385": "What would you say if I told you", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00048-00012399-00012522": "that Mr. Jason has a solution", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00049-00012535-00012786": "that could make any fabric waterproof?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00050-00012809-00012972": "Now that, I'd like to see.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00051-00013086-00013213": "[shrieking]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00052-00013676-00014067": "That's amazing. Look at her dry as a bone.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00053-00014113-00014237": "Yeah, if I may, Max,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00054-00014250-00014544": "I'm, uh- What's the word? Drenched.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00055-00014657-00014894": "Of course, your garment hasn't been treated,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00056-00014908-00015044": "but True's here has.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00057-00015491-00015642": "I can't feel a thing.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00058-00015658-00015925": "Do you think Mikey Jay will ever ask me to marry him?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00059-00015952-00016132": "Maybe, he's pretty shy, though.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00060-00016152-00016346": "I know. He only recently got up the nerve", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00061-00016359-00016496": "to ask me my last name.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00062-00016509-00016656": "True.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00063-00016669-00016850": "Mr. Madigan, you can't see the dress. It's bad luck.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00064-00016903-00017030": "Now, what is it you wanted?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00065-00017060-00017237": "I was hoping you'd sit in on our meeting", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00066-00017250-00017440": "with Mr. Larue, our wedding planner.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00067-00017454-00017714": "I'm at a bit of a loss with all this wedding nonsense,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00068-00017727-00017864": "I mean, preparation.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00069-00017881-00018124": "Just make it a day you want to remember forever.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00070-00018151-00018294": "- I'm sorry, what? - No peeking.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00071-00018394-00018535": "Hey, True.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00072-00018565-00018835": "Jimmy, you're wearing my suit. Does that mean you like it?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00073-00018848-00019032": "Totally. Plus, Ryan said he'd be my butler", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00074-00019045-00019182": "for the night if I wear it out in public.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00075-00019195-00019332": "I never thought he'd have the guts.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00076-00019355-00019489": "You gotta admire the kid's moxie.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00077-00019539-00019729": "Butler, take me to the elevator.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00078-00020146-00020423": "Wait. [beeping]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00079-00020443-00020577": "I love it.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00080-00020610-00020814": "Thank goodness. I was afraid you wouldn't like it.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00081-00020827-00021087": "Not like it? It's perfect.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00082-00021101-00021214": "- Great. - Great.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00083-00021237-00021344": "Would've preferred green.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00084-00021357-00021484": "- What? - Green?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00085-00021498-00021608": "Right?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00086-00021648-00021901": "Um. Okay, I- I guess it could be green.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00087-00021915-00022268": "That'd be so perfect. Exactly like this, but in green.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00088-00022308-00022415": "And ruffles.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00089-00022429-00022555": "Ruffles?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00090-00022569-00022829": "Don't you think? I love ruffles and sparkles.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00091-00022842-00022972": "Who said anything about sparkles?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00092-00023009-00023386": "Well, it's gotta have sparkles, right? I mean, it's a dress.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00093-00023416-00023630": "True, that headline is terrific.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00094-00023643-00023740": "Thanks, Mr. Madigan.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00095-00023753-00023887": "I know she doesn't like colors,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00096-00023900-00024070": "but how can anyone resist this sparkly gem?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00097-00024083-00024287": "- She'll love it. - I hate it.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00098-00024404-00024601": "Why? It's got everything.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00099-00024614-00024871": "It's girly, but still \"Yeah, what's up?\"", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00100-00024884-00025051": "And it's flattering, but it isn't all,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00101-00025064-00025285": "\"I know I look good. Somebody get me a soda.\"", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00102-00025358-00025558": "It sure talks a lot for an ugly dress.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00103-00025598-00025762": "Perhaps there's a specific element", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00104-00025775-00025925": "you're not responding to.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00105-00025949-00026219": "Specifically, I don't like the top, the middle", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00106-00026232-00026379": "or the bottom.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00107-00026392-00026566": "- But you like the back? - No, no, the back's the worst.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00108-00026583-00026753": "The back makes me wish I could see the front again.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00109-00026766-00026993": "Thanks for working in here. It's much more pleasant.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00110-00027006-00027233": "Don't move your arms. The sleeves aren't attached yet.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00111-00027247-00027420": "Okay, okay, calm down.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00112-00027440-00027694": "- It's no reason to get- Door. - Door.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00113-00027747-00027964": "Oh, that's the stuff. How much longer?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00114-00027977-00028118": "I need to redo the cross stitch on the hem,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00115-00028131-00028234": "so about three hours.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00116-00028248-00028361": "Three hours? Door.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00117-00028374-00028464": "Door.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00118-00028488-00028635": "- Thanks. - No problem.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00119-00028702-00028842": "Hey, what are you guys doing in here?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00120-00028855-00028958": "Just finishing my winter coat design.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00121-00028972-00029102": "I hope Mr. Madigan likes it.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00122-00029115-00029279": "Are you kidding? Uncle Max is going to love it.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00123-00029292-00029432": "You think?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00124-00029445-00029619": "Yeah. He designed pretty much the exact same coat last year.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00125-00029632-00029889": "Oh, no. Now, I have to start over.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00126-00029903-00030030": "Start over?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00127-00030056-00030243": "Thanks for trying on my new skateboard designs, Ryan.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00128-00030256-00030420": "It'll be good to get some positive feedback", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00129-00030433-00030543": "from a real skateboarder.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00130-00030557-00030744": "Is this some kind of a sick joke?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00131-00030794-00031124": "Is that skateboard lingo for, \"These shorts are awesome\"?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00132-00031147-00031264": "Are you crazy?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00133-00031294-00031501": "Why do these shorts have such a giant butt?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00134-00031791-00032041": "It's padding for when you fall down.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00135-00032075-00032308": "Falling down is half the fun.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00136-00032428-00032672": "And why is there a screwdriver hanging off the side?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00137-00032685-00032902": "That was my idea. It's to tighten your wheels.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00138-00032919-00033099": "I like it. It's functional.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00139-00033399-00033506": "This is pretty.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00140-00033807-00034050": "Now, this is inspired.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00141-00034077-00034260": "It's classic and refined,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00142-00034274-00034551": "but the paint splatters, very fashion forward.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00143-00034641-00034814": "Where did you find this fabric?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00144-00034868-00035078": "It was just something we had lying around.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00145-00035091-00035632": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00146-00035645-00035789": "No, it's not supposed to be like that.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00147-00035802-00035992": "Quiet, dear, you're ruining the show.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00148-00036005-00036282": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00149-00036296-00036416": "Blood curse.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00150-00036453-00036723": "Oh. That doesn't sound very good.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00151-00036760-00036920": "- Translation. - Genius.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00152-00036933-00037140": "Anyway, it doesn't need to go into production till tomorrow,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00153-00037153-00037330": "so I can address any notes you might have.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00154-00037343-00037484": "Nope, no notes.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00155-00037497-00037737": "No notes? Where have I heard that phrase before?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00156-00037771-00037907": "Oh, yeah, in this room,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00157-00037921-00038151": "the other 63 times I presented a design.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00158-00038164-00038348": "Yes, you're an amazing [unintelligible]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00159-00038361-00038538": "[sighing] 64 out of 64,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00160-00038551-00038722": "Amanda, I'm not good in math.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00161-00038742-00038875": "What percentage is that?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00162-00038895-00038985": "100%.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00163-00038998-00039165": "100%. Bam!", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00164-00039289-00039439": "[applause]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00165-00039452-00039646": "[music playing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00166-00039659-00039799": "She looks fabulous.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00167-00039813-00039976": "What are you talking about? You can't see her face.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00168-00040049-00040316": "Thank you. I'm Dakota North.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00169-00040353-00040483": "I'm a super model.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00170-00040553-00040740": "More like a super duper model.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00171-00040820-00040957": "Somebody trademark that, please.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00172-00041491-00041588": "Thank you.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00173-00041614-00041928": "Thank you, everyone. Thank you. Thank you.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00174-00041948-00042085": "[gasping]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00175-00042252-00042358": "I like the belt.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00176-00042399-00042595": "How fast can you deliver 1,000 units?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00177-00042609-00042742": "Immediately, right?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00178-00042756-00042882": "No.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00179-00043002-00043116": "I'm sorry?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00180-00043179-00043400": "Actually, with its flawless silhouette,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00181-00043413-00043763": "and classic design, the dress stays constant.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00182-00043777-00043917": "But, the belt is unique.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00183-00043930-00044043": "Unique how?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00184-00044087-00044364": "No two are exactly the same. Some are this pattern.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00185-00044377-00044647": "Some are solid and some are little of both.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00186-00044697-00044808": "Thank you.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00187-00044828-00044954": "I love these buttons.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00188-00044971-00045151": "Where did you come up with such a bold choice?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00189-00045165-00045315": "Uh, who's to say?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00190-00045328-00045595": "When it comes to my craft, it's not about the process.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00191-00045608-00045792": "All that matters is the finished product.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00192-00045805-00046039": "Agreed and this finished product,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00193-00046075-00046266": "you came up with it all by yourself?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00194-00046346-00046743": "Max, I believe in giving credit where credit is due.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00195-00046776-00047113": "And I can honestly say that this design is all mine.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00196-00047183-00047393": "Well, then, there's no question about it.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00197-00047424-00047827": "Jasper Peacock, you are a big, fat liar.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00198-00047844-00047974": "[gasping]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00199-00048101-00048421": "Good one, Max. Always with the zingers.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00200-00048435-00048675": "[laughing]", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00201-00048761-00048872": "I'm not joking.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00202-00048905-00049102": "I know a stolen design when I see it.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00203-00049118-00049275": "If something goes wrong and we get separated,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00204-00049289-00049439": "meet me at the old Minton farm.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00205-00049452-00049783": "Nothing's going to happen to us. We're... Bonnie and Clyde.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00206-00049859-00050006": "This is so good.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00207-00050226-00050336": "True, come back.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00208-00050403-00050550": "Telegram for Bonnie Parker.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00209-00050563-00050753": "I'm Bonnie Parker. True, what's going on?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00210-00050767-00050994": "Important message. Urgent. Stop.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00211-00051007-00051171": "Don't sit in the chair. Stop.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00212-00051184-00051294": "What's a chair stop?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00213-00051334-00051528": "Guys, can you hang that sign a little lower?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00214-00051618-00051788": "Ryan, keep a look out by the door.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00215-00051804-00051908": "Copy that.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00216-00051921-00052061": "I talked to production, and they're ready", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00217-00052075-00052218": "to render the coat when you're done.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00218-00052232-00052305": "Great. Could you ask 'em to double stitch the hem?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00219-00052318-00052415": "Will do.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00220-00052469-00052609": "True, I have your pillow samples.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00221-00052622-00052699": "Thanks, Oscar.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00222-00052712-00052906": "Pillow samples, come to papa.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00223-00052919-00053206": "Hands off, papa. These are for my presentation.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00224-00053299-00053556": "Wow, those are really nice.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00225-00053590-00054017": "They'd be perfect for a bedroom or a living room or a...", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00226-00054030-00054147": "Pillow fight!", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00227-00054187-00054407": "No, this is work. No fighting.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00228-00054421-00054594": "But I'm Kid Dynamite. I live to fight.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00229-00054607-00054761": "You're gonna fight to live if I see you messing", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00230-00054774-00054961": "- with my pillow. - Who are you wearing?", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00231-00055041-00055491": "This beautiful gown is an original True Jackson.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00232-00055552-00055712": "She said my name on TV.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00233-00055732-00055922": "I'm not familiar  with True Jackson.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00234-00055942-00056095": "Now she said your name on TV.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00235-00056166-00056449": "True a fabulous new designer  with mad style.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00236-00056463-00056743": "I think you'll be seeing  a lot more from her.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00237-00056756-00056990": "[chuckles] Well, probably around the holidays.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00238-00057003-00057116": "If you put a star on your head,", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00239-00057130-00057233": "you'd look like a Christmas tree.", "2loGCcX1Qiu-00240-00057247-00057420": "I'm kidding, of course."}}, {"audio_id": "2lx4vZVqHEg", "text": {"2lx4vZVqHEg-00000-00000612-00000861": "Hello! My name is Juan Jesus.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00001-00000861-00001429": "I am the oenologist of Bodegas Ladron de Guevara, located in Rioja Alavesa.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00002-00001429-00002270": "Let's proceed with the tasting of a Reserva wine,  made with 95% Tempranillo and 5% Graciano grapes.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00003-00002272-00002972": "Graciano grapes help to stabilize the blue colouring matter of the wine.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00004-00003188-00003888": "The sound of glycerol is low-pitched,  due to the glycerine.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00005-00004389-00004944": "Its colour is very intense cherry red,  with bright edges.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00006-00005600-00006210": "In the nose it is a spectacle, it is almost a liqueur, a brandy, it seems like plum or cherry", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00007-00006219-00006919": "liquor filled chocolates, a delicacy.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00008-00007025-00007600": "In the mouth it is pure elegance, creamy, intense, but sweet and gentle at the same time.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00009-00007669-00008073": "Its tannins are silky, incipient,  and very attractive.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00010-00008073-00008748": "We always recommend pairing it with main dishes and it is also suitable with chocolate or", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00011-00008748-00008945": "desserts, delicious.", "2lx4vZVqHEg-00012-00008945-00009043": "Cheers!"}}, {"audio_id": "2lGNCLD7suM", "text": {"2lGNCLD7suM-00000-00000062-00000677": "Disability History, Panel 23-- 2006 through 2014.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00001-00000677-00001177": "\"Community Integration for Everyone.\"", "2lGNCLD7suM-00002-00001177-00001987": "\"Olmstead Decision Ripples Through Society, Expanding Integration.\"", "2lGNCLD7suM-00003-00001987-00002130": "Social viewpoint.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00004-00002130-00002471": "In 2010, the Home and Community Based Services,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00005-00002471-00002956": "HCBS waiver program, was amended to ensure that individuals receiving", "2lGNCLD7suM-00006-00002956-00003395": "services and supports through the federal Medicaid HCBS programs", "2lGNCLD7suM-00007-00003395-00003715": "have full access to the benefits of community living", "2lGNCLD7suM-00008-00003715-00004184": "and are able to receive services in the most integrated setting.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00009-00004184-00004461": "As the Olmstead ruling becomes understood,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00010-00004461-00004791": "its call for integration is changing society.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00011-00004791-00005098": "The old structures of segregation are under attack.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00012-00005098-00005428": "Sheltered workshops, facility-based day programs,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00013-00005428-00005645": "state run institutions and group homes", "2lGNCLD7suM-00014-00005645-00005873": "are all being challenged and phased out", "2lGNCLD7suM-00015-00005873-00006220": "in favor of programs and support for integrated living and working.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00016-00006508-00006730": "Social viewpoint.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00017-00006730-00007117": "The United Nations General Assembly adopted the \"Convention", "2lGNCLD7suM-00018-00007117-00007502": "on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities\" in 2007.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00019-00007502-00007925": "It was the first major human rights treaty of the 21st century.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00020-00007925-00008444": "By 2014, 143 countries had ratified, including", "2lGNCLD7suM-00021-00008444-00008824": "all the countries of North America, except the United States.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00022-00008824-00009341": "While President Barack Obama signed the CPRD in 2009,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00023-00009341-00010089": "the US Senate had failed to ratify it as of 2014.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00024-00010089-00010516": "Spread the word to end the word.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00025-00010516-00010666": "Social viewpoint.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00026-00010666-00011094": "In 2008, the movie Tropic Thunder sparked nationwide protests", "2lGNCLD7suM-00027-00011094-00011488": "to stop using disability labels as put downs, especially the R-word.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00028-00011740-00011938": "Social viewpoint.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00029-00011938-00012345": "In 2011, Alabama became the first state in the south,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00030-00012345-00012602": "and the 12th state overall, to close all", "2lGNCLD7suM-00031-00012602-00012863": "their state-operated institutions.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00032-00012863-00013380": "That left 29,909 people with intellectual and developmental", "2lGNCLD7suM-00033-00013380-00013740": "disabilities who were still living in state run institutions", "2lGNCLD7suM-00034-00013740-00014441": "nationwide, compared with 108,165 persons in 1985", "2lGNCLD7suM-00035-00014441-00015369": "and 223,590 persons and 1965.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00036-00015369-00015519": "Social viewpoint.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00037-00015519-00016044": "In 2011, only 19.3% of people with intellectual and developmental", "2lGNCLD7suM-00038-00016044-00016463": "disabilities participated in integrated employment services.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00039-00016463-00016927": "By 2014, 11 states passed employment-first legislation,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00040-00016927-00017132": "where employment in the general work force", "2lGNCLD7suM-00041-00017132-00017358": "is the first and preferred outcome, regardless", "2lGNCLD7suM-00042-00017358-00017470": "of the level of disability.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00043-00017774-00017941": "Social viewpoint.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00044-00017941-00018285": "West Virginia is the first state to pass a bill requiring", "2lGNCLD7suM-00045-00018285-00018536": "students in the K through 12 public school", "2lGNCLD7suM-00046-00018536-00018782": "system to study disability history.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00047-00019115-00019464": "\"If you believe people have no history worth mentioning,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00048-00019464-00019956": "it's easy to believe they have no humanity worth defending.\"", "2lGNCLD7suM-00049-00019956-00020271": "William Loren Katz.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00050-00020271-00020457": "Social viewpoint.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00051-00020457-00020845": "Jenny Hatch, a woman with Down Syndrome in Virginia,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00052-00020845-00021117": "won a lawsuit against her parents.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00053-00021117-00021472": "A judge declared that she can live the life she wants,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00054-00021472-00021783": "rejecting a guardianship request from her parents that", "2lGNCLD7suM-00055-00021783-00022120": "would have allowed them to keep her in a group home against her will.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00056-00022429-00022789": "In 2014, a federal investigation found", "2lGNCLD7suM-00057-00022789-00023210": "that Rhode Island's day activity service system violates the ADA", "2lGNCLD7suM-00058-00023210-00023658": "by overuse of segregated settings, including sheltered workshops", "2lGNCLD7suM-00059-00023658-00023977": "and facility-based day programs, to the exclusion", "2lGNCLD7suM-00060-00023977-00024335": "of integrated alternatives such as supported employment", "2lGNCLD7suM-00061-00024335-00024688": "and integrated day services.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00062-00024688-00024939": "Social viewpoint.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00063-00024939-00025172": "A class action lawsuit charged Oregon", "2lGNCLD7suM-00064-00025172-00025478": "with violating the ADA and the Rehab Act.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00065-00025478-00025576": "The reason?", "2lGNCLD7suM-00066-00025576-00025867": "The state did not provide supported employment services", "2lGNCLD7suM-00067-00025867-00026251": "to more than 2,300 people with disabilities who work", "2lGNCLD7suM-00068-00026251-00026591": "in segregated sheltered workshops.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00069-00026591-00026748": "Social viewpoint.", "2lGNCLD7suM-00070-00026748-00027188": "The ISO, International Organization for Standardization,", "2lGNCLD7suM-00071-00027188-00027572": "accepts the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines."}}, {"audio_id": "2m8bmPOFsqo", "text": {"2m8bmPOFsqo-00000-00000144-00000848": "If we're in R^2, that is to say if our vector has two elements,", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00001-00000927-00001400": "we can visualize vectors graphically.", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00002-00001536-00001823": "This is going to provide us with some", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00003-00001823-00002640": "useful intuition about scalar multiplication and vector addition.", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00004-00002904-00003584": "How do we graph a vector in R^2?", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00005-00003920-00004256": "The key observation is that a vector in R^2", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00006-00004344-00005656": "is just a list of two numbers [a; b], and if you", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00007-00005656-00006456": "have a list of two numbers that you want to", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00008-00006456-00007000": "represent graphically, we have a method", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00009-00007000-00007528": "of doing that, graphing on the Cartesian plane.", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00010-00007695-00008048": "So to visually represent this vector", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00011-00008520-00009216": "we simply find the point (a, b),", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00012-00009368-00010552": "and what we do then is draw an arrow connecting the origin to this point", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00013-00010808-00011448": "and this gives us two very important pieces of information,", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00014-00011584-00011912": "or intuition let's say.", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00015-00012136-00013008": "Vectors have lengths. We won't define", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00016-00013008-00013632": "the length of a vector until much later in this course", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00017-00013632-00013984": "but you should understand that fact now,", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00018-00014072-00014568": "vectors have lengths, and in R^2 the length", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00019-00014568-00015024": "of the vector is literally just the length of", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00020-00015024-00015791": "a line segment in R^2. Second, you should", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00021-00015791-00016296": "understand that vectors have directions,", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00022-00016296-00017000": "you see this arrow here, this vector is pointing", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00023-00017000-00017616": "in some direction, so vectors have lengths", "2m8bmPOFsqo-00024-00017680-00018192": "and vectors have directions."}}, {"audio_id": "2mkfwpZoyaI", "text": {"2mkfwpZoyaI-00000-00000124-00000334": "[INTRO]", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00001-00000524-00001034": ">>Adam: The Frozen VS Tangled episode was a huge success with over 1 million views.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00002-00001082-00001889": "To celebrate I'm feuding Frozen again. This time against arguably the best Disney film", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00003-00001909-00002619": "ever animated. The Lion King. Yes, this is a cash grab. Let's start!", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00004-00002638-00003510": "[TITLE: Frozen -VS- The Lion King]", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00005-00003804-00004090": ">>Adam: Going to bring back the pun counter again for this episode so get ready for some", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00006-00004102-00004705": "purrfect (1) Lion King and Frozen quips. Both our flicks today contain a good amount", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00007-00004705-00005042": "of royalty. Frozen has our two leads, princess Anna and", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00008-00005042-00005224": "Queen Elsa carrying the bulk of the film on their shoulders. They bring a fantastic sisterly", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00009-00005224-00005705": "love to the screen. Voicing these roles are the lovely Kristen Bell and Broadway master", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00010-00005705-00006321": "Idina Menzel. Anna is the more approachable sister with her bubbly and clumsy personality", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00011-00006321-00006935": "while Elsa is has a more standoffish character, more frosty in nature. (2)", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00012-00006935-00007317": "Lion King gives us a prince by the name of Simba and he just can't wait to be king. He", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00013-00007317-00007679": "let's Scar know that every chance he can. 90's hearthrob JTT (short for Johnathan Taylor", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00014-00007679-00008145": "Thomas) brought this character to life. He's a rambunctious little cub who tends to get", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00015-00008145-00008578": "into trouble from time to time. He has a lot to live up to, being raised in a culture that", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00016-00008578-00009558": "is watching his every move. He's essentially a much less douchy version of Justin Beiber.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00017-00009579-00010153": "We fortunately get to see him mature over time and he grows into a fine young man. Simba,", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00018-00010153-00010482": "not Beiber. No beiber is pretty awful still. Grown up Simba is voiced by Mathew Brodrick.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00019-00010482-00010918": "Lioness Nala plays the supporting role in Lion King. She's not afraid to get into a", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00020-00010918-00011428": "little trouble either and can also hold her own in a fight. This kitty can scratch (3)", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00021-00011428-00012021": "The supporting roles come in all shapes in sizes. Ranging from the comedic duo of Timon", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00022-00012021-00012442": "& Pumba to a happy-go-lucky snowman that's not afraid of a little heat.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00023-00012442-00012963": "There is a second helping of comedic relief in Frozen from Sven & Kristoff but Zazu and", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00024-00012963-00013602": "Raffiki are hard to top. That and we have a trio of Hyenas that get in some pretty good", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00025-00013602-00013950": "one-liners as well. I'd say these two have an equal number of", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00026-00013950-00014356": "great characters but the villains are were these two films separate. Scar is one of the", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00027-00014356-00014816": "best villains in the Disney universe and that's thanks to his diabolical nature and great", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00028-00014816-00015421": "performance by Jeremy Irons. He's also one of the most successful villains too.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00029-00015421-00015819": "Maintaining rank as the king of Pride Rock for many years with his Hyena crew.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00030-00015819-00016454": "Now Hans wasn't a lame baddie by any means but he doesn't get a lot of time spent on", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00031-00016454-00017154": "him and his twist at the end was cool but felt a bit forced.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00032-00017296-00017704": "Frozen has a great assortment of characters but it's hard to beat the king of the jungle", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00033-00017704-00017762": "(4).", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00034-00017762-00017936": "[ROUND 2 : STORY]", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00035-00017936-00018593": ">>Adam: These movies are more similar than one might first think. Both tails, I emphisized", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00036-00018593-00019293": "tails (like a lions tale, just count it) (5) Both tails are that of kings and queens running", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00037-00019503-00019846": "away from their responsibility. Simba needs to come back to Pride Rock after a decade", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00038-00019846-00020543": "of being gone in order to bring balance to the land. Elsa needs to face her own problems,", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00039-00020543-00021038": "let go, if you must (6) for the sake of Arrandale. A lot of these problems could have probably", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00040-00021038-00021571": "been avoided had Disney not killed the damn parents in both films. Simba watches as his", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00041-00021571-00022215": "father Mufasa is crushed by a stampede, in the gorge, at the paws of Scar. Raw deal for", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00042-00022215-00022915": "James Earl Jones there. The worst part is, old uncle Scar pins the whole fiasco on Simba.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00043-00023990-00024690": "Frozen kills both mother and father off in a horrific boat wreck.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00044-00024756-00025180": "Naturally the girls become shut-ins from the world. Living their life in solitude. Actually,", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00045-00025180-00025880": "I'm not entirely sure why Anna couldn't go out and about but there is more nonsensacale", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00046-00025914-00026614": "writing in Frozen than a typical Pitbull song. I'm all for stretching the imagination but", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00047-00026708-00027141": "just a few lingering questions bother me. Elsa can create ice and snow and everything", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00048-00027141-00027663": "cold apparently, fine whatever. She's a female sub-zero. What I don't understand is how she", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00049-00027663-00028363": "can create what is clearly a fabric dress or make life. She brings a snowman and a giant", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00050-00028627-00029327": "monster to life. That's a pretty big deal folks.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00051-00029744-00030155": "Lion King keeps things simple and focused. Simba thinks he murdered his dad. Runs away", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00052-00030155-00030655": "from home. Meets a rag-tag group of buddies who teach him Hakuna Matata. Get's this little", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00053-00030655-00031000": "guy to YOLO it up a bit. Years later his past comes back to haunt him", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00054-00031000-00031146": "and he must make right his sins from the past. It's a roaring good time (7) and keeps you", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00055-00031146-00031209": "focused from start to finish. You know, a lot of people have been making", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00056-00031209-00031259": "connections to the similar messages of Lion King and Frozen but no one is seeing the similarities", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00057-00031259-00031277": "to this and Game of Thrones. Seriously, with all the shocking deaths, betrayls and twists", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00058-00031277-00031422": "in these films I could easily see some the characters crossing over to GOT. (do new intro", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00059-00031422-00031446": "with the GOT song and cartoon character names.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00060-00031446-00031905": "[ROUND 3 : ACTION / EFFECTS] >>Adam: These are both stunning films. Lion", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00061-00031905-00032405": "King gives us top of the line traditional hand animation. Showcasing beautiful sunsets,", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00062-00032405-00032849": "grand shots of valleys and canyones. A great amount of detail on the animals and some lifelike", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00063-00032849-00033012": "movements from our feline friends. Frozen is a new film so it obviously has a", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00064-00033012-00033290": "shinier coat of paint on it. The style is similar to that of Tangled which is to say,", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00065-00033290-00033855": "bright, colorful and all around eye pleasing. Unique camera angles like an under-the-ice", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00066-00033855-00034165": "view and an insane amount of detail on the environments showcase just how powerful our", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00067-00034165-00034421": "computer rendered animation has gotten over the years.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00068-00034421-00034902": "Lion King gives us plenty of action with a hyena chase early on to the instantly classic", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00069-00034902-00035406": "stampede sequence. The final showdown is both fun and gripping as our lovable side characters", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00070-00035406-00035649": "step up to help fend off the ravenous hyenas. Raffiki once again steals the show with a", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00071-00035649-00035824": "series of martial art attacks. I would have liked to see a bit more in the", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00072-00035824-00036405": "action department from Frozen. Particularly from Elsa. Her powers were very cool (unintentional", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00073-00036405-00036809": "pun but let's count it anyways) (8). There is a Beauty and the Beast eque chase from", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00074-00036809-00037408": "wolves, a snow creature confrontation and the race to save Anna from her cold fate (9).", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00075-00037408-00037796": "I am pushing Lion King again and I fear it's not going to matter to a lot of you. Frozen", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00076-00037796-00038283": "is the new hotness still with the kids but I've been suprised before. Perhaps Lion King", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00077-00038283-00038665": "can pull this off in the votes. There is snow way of knowing right now (10)", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00078-00038665-00039075": "[ROUND 4 : MUSIC] >>Adam: Music can make or break a Disney movie.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00079-00039075-00039609": "In the case of Frozen it certainly makes it. Do You Want to Build a Snowman is a really", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00080-00039609-00040128": "clever song. It's depressing as all hell considering it revolves around the broken relationship", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00081-00040128-00040828": "between Anna and her sister. Topped off with the sad fate of their parents. (Starts crying)", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00082-00040880-00041562": "Why are you so sad Disney? I shouldn't even have to bring up Let It Go.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00083-00041562-00042262": "It's the main reason Frozen did so well. The song is catchier than a fish on land. Did", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00084-00043172-00043465": "that joke make sense? Doesn't matter. For the First Time in Forever, Love is an", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00085-00043465-00043862": "Open Door and Fixer Upper are definitely also worth mentioning.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00086-00043862-00044399": "Now if you thought that Frozen had the lion's share of songs (11) you are sorely mistaken.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00087-00044399-00044859": "It's actually ice to see (12) Disney putting this much effort into their music again but", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00088-00044859-00045278": "man does Lion King has some doozies. First off the film kicks in with Circle of", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00089-00045278-00045581": "Life. Setting the tone for the world we are about to enter. Oh wait, Frozen has an odd", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00090-00045581-00045621": "intro song too that sounds eerily similar to that. Moving on.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00091-00045621-00046106": "We get treated to numbers like Oh I just Can't Wait to be King, Can you Feel the Love Tonight,", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00092-00046106-00046806": "Hakuna Matata, a nice rendition of In the Jungle and my personal favorite, Be Prepared.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00093-00046896-00047596": "Fun fact: Scar's voice actor Jeremy Irons attempted to sing the song but couldn't hit", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00094-00047597-00047728": "the notes so they brought in a secondary actor for the song.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00095-00047728-00047818": "If you have the Lion King extended edition then I'm sorry because you have to endure", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00096-00047818-00047834": "the ear peircing song Morning Report by Zazu. That song should have stayed on the cutting", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00097-00047834-00047865": "Reindeers are better than People number. Luckily both are short and forgettable.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00098-00047865-00048508": "All in all though the music is stellar and songs that will be sung until the ends of", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00099-00048508-00048586": "time.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00100-00048586-00048928": "[CONCLUSION] >>Adam: It's pretty obvious where I stand.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00101-00048928-00049558": "I'm in the Lion King camp, seated at the right hand of King Simba himself. That doesn't mean", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00102-00049558-00050162": "it automatically wins though. Oh no, no no quite the contrary I fear. You guys have the", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00103-00050162-00050643": "final say and make your voices heard! To vote just simple like one of the comments below", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00104-00050643-00051342": "that I'll post. We can also try something fun and have you tweet #Frozen or #LionKing", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00105-00051450-00052065": "@MovieFeuds. Since I'm told the kids tweet now and then.", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00106-00052065-00052765": "If you are a fan of movies and a bigger fan of Harry Potter I encourage you to stick around", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00107-00053604-00054017": "and subscribe. At the beginning of August I'm doing Potter Month all month long. Each", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00108-00054017-00054598": "week a different feud from the Harry Potter films and I would love you to join me! More", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00109-00054598-00055288": "than just reviews, this is Movie Feuds. (Hey John Flickinger, do you want to build a snowman?", "2mkfwpZoyaI-00110-00055288-00055988": "Well at least come on my show next week to feud Dawn of the Apes)."}}, {"audio_id": "2mCvT0gcqzg", "text": {"2mCvT0gcqzg-00000-00000006-00000073": "Hey, guys！", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00001-00000073-00000440": "Tomorrow I'll begin my journey of decluttering.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00002-00000440-00000610": "What's decluttering？", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00003-00000613-00000990": "It's a simple and refreshing lifestyle.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00004-00000993-00001236": "which means for those things we don't need,", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00005-00001236-00001340": "improper", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00006-00001340-00001670": "or out of date, we need to trow them away.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00007-00001696-00001966": "why do I have to declutter?", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00008-00001966-00002160": "Because I really am a", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00009-00002160-00002386": "Curious Chinese teacher", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00010-00002410-00002606": "Over the past decade ，", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00011-00002606-00002916": "Except teaching Chinese everyday，", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00012-00002916-00003286": "I also spent a lot of time learning about different subjects.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00013-00003313-00003436": "You can take a look at my computer，", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00014-00003436-00003816": "There are so many materials in my computer.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00015-00003816-00004136": "About IT, teaching Chinese to foreigners,", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00016-00004136-00004320": "Chinese calligraphy，", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00017-00004320-00004496": "Chinese painting，", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00018-00004496-00004630": "Technology", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00019-00004630-00004780": "these materials", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00020-00004780-00005063": "nearly used all my 2Ts of", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00021-00005063-00005283": "computer storage.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00022-00005286-00005626": "So I really need a decluttering。", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00023-00005653-00005876": "I've already rented a room", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00024-00005876-00006026": "with a great view by the seashore", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00025-00006026-00006233": "I'm going to stay there for a month，", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00026-00006233-00006446": "reorganize this materials every day，", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00027-00006446-00006576": "also tidy up myself.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00028-00006576-00006826": "I'm leaving for there tomorrow。", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00029-00006996-00007123": "I have an idea，", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00030-00007123-00007233": "I would like to", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00031-00007233-00007580": "Live stream the whole process of organizing these materials.。", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00032-00007580-00007759": "It's like I'm accompanying you", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00033-00007759-00007983": "to study and organize your materials.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00034-00007983-00008070": "In the meantime,", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00035-00008070-00008420": "you can see the beautiful landscape outside my window，", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00036-00008420-00008690": "and enjoying the music I'm listening to.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00037-00008690-00008970": "Of course, I will not talk during this process,", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00038-00008970-00009150": "if you have questions,", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00039-00009150-00009280": "you can leave me a message.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00040-00009280-00009563": "After I finish my work,", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00041-00009563-00009783": "I will answer your questions.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00042-00009810-00010013": "For those of you who are studying Chinese with me this month,", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00043-00010013-00010273": "you will be able to hear more", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00044-00010273-00010440": "of my exclusive travel story.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00045-00010440-00010663": "Okay, I'm going to pack my luggage now.", "2mCvT0gcqzg-00046-00010663-00010886": "See you at the beach!"}}, {"audio_id": "2mHT1rwTHt0", "text": {"2mHT1rwTHt0-00000-00000000-00003533": "music"}}, {"audio_id": "2mZSr51s7iM", "text": {"2mZSr51s7iM-00000-00000000-00000600": "It's good night, Dear Midnighters! It's been a month and a half since previous vid.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00001-00000625-00001595": "And you'll ask: \"What happened? What took you so long? Why there wasn't any vids in this month?\"", "2mZSr51s7iM-00002-00001651-00001782": "And i'll answer.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00003-00001838-00003026": "There's no sense in bringing just a new territory vid. Cuz they are coming and changing regularly, and the whole empty maps are not so interesting.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00004-00003040-00004282": "As we said before there won't be all territories at state like this, by the start of CPPT (Closed PreProduction Test), but in this vid you'll get the meaning of how maps can look in future (+\\-)", "2mZSr51s7iM-00005-00004282-00005065": "Ofcouse there will be changes in some scale stuff, or lighting or post process, but this will be AFTER.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00006-00005079-00005400": "Your thoughts are welcome too (ofcuz).", "2mZSr51s7iM-00007-00005424-00006168": "And with all i said before, the main interesting thing in this video is ON the maps. I hope you'll like it.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00008-00006168-00008048": "Main thing that we (3 ppl) made one thing that will help us to move on in this dev. Much thanks to Atiks huge awesome job, then Mad00ness for code's corrections and logical work stuff. Also i've did some job with locations and materials.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00009-00008078-00009256": "Some time ago i've brought a picture where 4-5 player characters were situated (different races and proffesions).   So the player characters stuff is combined and prebuilt in, some things left such as logical movement (coordinates corrections, turns, local-short movement, attack ranges etc), that must be connected to working client.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00010-00009275-00009548": "But in this vid will be another stuff.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00011-00009585-00010191": "Here it is, look and i hope you'll get a delight of it with me.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00012-00010249-00012679": "OW! One more thing. I'm very sorry about some stutters and broken moves. The engine was working for about 10 hours. This caused those effects. Cuz Engine is eating resourses constantly. And it's been a deep night so i haven't restarted it. There won't be such troubles in a ready to play client.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00013-00012679-00013232": "So please don't worry about that.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00014-00041925-00042605": "Before you ask, i'll answer \"why are the mobs have so crappy moves/turns?\"", "2mZSr51s7iM-00015-00042605-00043200": "And i'll answer \"The main thing that we were getting here is connecting all mobs with their IDs etc into locations and capsule collisions, and fill with them the whole world\".", "2mZSr51s7iM-00016-00043264-00043904": "Now we have all mobs working, and connected to their ID's and positions.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00017-00043904-00044588": "And how do they move correctly in client is not the main question right now.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00018-00044596-00045968": "A bit after, there will be a module that connects combined logic of this, and will work on different thread inside client.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00019-00045968-00046877": "Inspite of that that was a huge-pre-huge cluster of work that will help us move faster.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00020-00046883-00047381": "That's why i thank you for your patience.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00021-00047390-00048493": "Flame HELLO to DMYTRO. I hope that there won't be any conflict among our countries, that everything will be still and calm and safe. And stay together not to make wars but play Lineage 2.", "2mZSr51s7iM-00022-00048503-00048863": "Lineage 2 > war conflicts."}}, {"audio_id": "2nlZz_t9UGg", "text": {"2nlZz_t9UGg-00000-00000000-00000300": "Anime Drawing by Tanisstha", "2nlZz_t9UGg-00001-00000300-00000600": "Like this Video and Subscribe to my Channel for more Anime Videos like this", "2nlZz_t9UGg-00002-00000600-00000800": "New Video on Saturday", "2nlZz_t9UGg-00003-00000800-00001000": "Drawn By Tanisstha", "2nlZz_t9UGg-00004-00001007-00001207": "Music : Wanna  Musician : @iksonmusic", "2nlZz_t9UGg-00005-00001207-00001400": "New Video will come late as we are too tired.", "2nlZz_t9UGg-00006-00001400-00001600": "And the editing is not finish also"}}, {"audio_id": "2nrbJhoaWnQ", "text": {"2nrbJhoaWnQ-00000-00000019-00000514": "When you have no fans the one advantage is you can solely focus on trying to gain them.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00001-00000514-00000948": "But once you have fans you have to be engaging in a two-tiered effort - one is to get new", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00002-00000948-00001353": "people to pay attention to you and the other is the balancing act of building relationships", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00003-00001353-00001542": "with fans without annoying them.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00004-00001542-00001955": "To make matters more complicated you have fans who are interested in you but don't want", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00005-00001955-00002055": "to hear from you constantly.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00006-00002055-00002285": "But I have good news for you!", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00007-00002285-00002737": "Not only is this a good problem to have, its one where you can profit and start to really", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00008-00002737-00002855": "leverage your fanbase.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00009-00002855-00003413": "So in this video I am going to explain how to use private access to build with your most", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00010-00003413-00003768": "passionate fans and keep the less interested fans happy", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00011-00003768-00004148": "Hi I'm Jesse Cannon a music marketing nerd whos teaching musicians how to grow their", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00012-00004148-00004591": "fanbase from zero to 10,000 fans and this is Musformation.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00013-00004591-00004912": "So as I was saying, we’re always trying to talk to three segments of people when we’re", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00014-00004912-00005264": "on social media - Potential fans - these are obviously the people", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00015-00005264-00005723": "we’re most excited about since the idea that we can soon have them as fans is one", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00016-00005723-00006198": "of the most exciting things and we want to do eventful things that makes them notice", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00017-00006198-00006335": "us.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00018-00006335-00006782": "Semi Interested fans - These are the people who like you but haven't become obsessed.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00019-00006782-00007240": "I often think of these like the artists I have a song or two on playlists but when I", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00020-00007240-00007607": "have scrolled their page I don't like more than a song or two but I am hoping they will", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00021-00007607-00008010": "soon put out some bangers and they will become one of my favorite artists", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00022-00008010-00008536": "Stans - These are the fans who want more of you, they cant get enough of you.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00023-00008536-00008954": "So potential fans now that's the fun stuff that we're all interested in and one of the", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00024-00008954-00009353": "things I talked about in my last video on how to keep fans eyes glued to you is one", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00025-00009353-00009857": "of the ways you attract them is by doing eventful things and if you didn't watch my last video", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00026-00009857-00010304": "and have no clue what im talking about I highly encourage you to go back and watch it as its", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00027-00010304-00010710": "linked in the description below and yet again a good reason you should be subscribed and", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00028-00010710-00011045": "get notified when i drop videos.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00029-00011045-00011435": "But think of it this way when we do something eventful we are giving reasons for our fans", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00030-00011435-00011811": "to tell others what we’re doing and keep thinking about us and that's how they bond", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00031-00011811-00012249": "with friends and the other nerds about the music they love in discord chats or reddits", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00032-00012249-00012434": "or wherever they hang out.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00033-00012434-00012839": "So if you're doing something cool that enables music discovery and for people to hear about", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00034-00012839-00013276": "your music since psychologically were all trying to find the things we should know about", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00035-00013276-00014076": "so we can bond with others and eventful things get people talking", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00036-00014076-00014532": "But its often not understood that feeding stans can help us get potential fans.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00037-00014532-00014913": "Now Stans are nice because its hard to do wrong by them they are extremely grateful", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00038-00014913-00015375": "for whatever you give them as they are so used to so many musicians inadequately feeding", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00039-00015375-00015593": "their addiction to their favorite artists.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00040-00015593-00015994": "Theres been a half dozen studies where more than 3/4 of fans say their favorite artists", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00041-00015994-00016526": "don’t give them enough content, which is kinda crazy since when I see how often some", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00042-00016526-00017056": "of these people are posting I wonder if they have selfie sticks mounted to them all day.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00043-00017056-00017548": "And I even think about something I tell podcasters all the time is when you survey podcast listeners", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00044-00017548-00018059": "about their favorite podcasts they want more time on each episode and this even goes for", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00045-00018059-00018457": "the podcasters who tape three hour plus episodes like Joe Rogan.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00046-00018457-00018859": "But there’s always a rub right - those fans you’ve brought over but aren’t totally", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00047-00018859-00019126": "sold on you get annoyed when you’re doing too much.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00048-00019126-00019592": "They unfollow when you never shut up, are posting unnecessary selfies, going live on", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00049-00019592-00021056": "instagram constantly and sharing your fans stories about how great you are every 5 minutes.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00050-00021056-00021454": "But here’s the trick, if you think of eventful things to do and pepper them with also your", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00051-00021454-00021965": "oversharing theres a way to feed your stans but not have it be all over your social media", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00052-00021965-00022848": "all of the time annoying the semi interested fans and that's but using private access tools.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00053-00022848-00023218": "Which is a perfect time to start telling you about Koji who offers what I consider to not", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00054-00023218-00023612": "only be the best experience for a fan to have when they want to learn more about you but", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00055-00023612-00024034": "also to build a relationship with fans and do what we were just discussing.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00056-00024034-00024554": "Koji is a link in bio app store for Creators, it offers a free-to-use, free-to-customize", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00057-00024554-00024996": "link in bio platform and is truly the best link in bio for musicians.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00058-00024996-00025543": "I mean just look at these profiles they look amazing and that call be done FOR FREE!", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00059-00025543-00026054": "But here’s the thing you have probably seen ones like linktree but Koji has this app store", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00060-00026054-00026532": "where you can do amazing experiences for fans to get to know you, interact with them, build", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00061-00026532-00026732": "relationships AND EVEN MAKE MONEY.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00062-00026732-00027291": "And I wanna say these are not IOS apps - nothing to download - these are LINK IN BIO apps that", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00063-00027291-00028004": "live on the link in your bio on ALL your socials 24/7 So let me show you a few that I find", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00064-00028004-00028383": "to be amazing for music marketing.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00065-00028383-00028852": "In the last video I told you about Rares their app which is your own personal (non-sexual)", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00066-00028852-00029095": "OnlyFans right on your link in bio.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00067-00029095-00029564": "The fans who pay can get access to the content you make behind the paywall so you can profit", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00068-00029564-00029964": "off your most passionate fans who want to hear from you all the time while not over", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00069-00029964-00030097": "posting on your socials.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00070-00030097-00030457": "But there’s even more cool ways to do private access content like", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00071-00030457-00030942": "Locked Audio where you can Sell beats, music, sound effects, samples from your songs, secret", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00072-00030942-00031252": "messages, private podcast episodes and more.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00073-00031252-00031627": "Just upload one or multiple audio files, and set a price for the collection.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00074-00031627-00032039": "I think this is particularly great for capitalising on the fans who cant get enough of you by", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00075-00032039-00032492": "selling alternate versions, demos or songs that didn't make the cut that you don't want", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00076-00032492-00032604": "to upload to spotify.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00077-00032604-00032704": "There theres", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00078-00032704-00033196": "Looped the ultimate virtual venue for interactive experiences, and now you can bring those experiences", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00079-00033196-00033474": "directly to your link in bio with Looped Live.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00080-00033474-00033898": "You can use this for livestreaming experiences without having to figure out how to use complex", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00081-00033898-00033998": "software.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00082-00033998-00034439": "You can sell this to watch you during collaborations, live sessions or whatever you can think of.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00083-00034439-00034555": "A really cool one is", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00084-00034555-00035045": "Fanfiix - Followers can preview all of your available posts and subscribe to receive exclusive", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00085-00035045-00035673": "fan perks, like sneak previews, behind-the-scenes, content, and exclusive merch codes on the", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00086-00035673-00035773": "spot.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00087-00035773-00036392": "Imagine this as a back-stage pass to see pre-recorded content, in the studio, or vlogs about processes", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00088-00036392-00037920": "Now", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00089-00037920-00038256": "I know some of you feel like it may be a stretch that you have enough fan enthusiasm to get", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00090-00038256-00038636": "fans to pay for this type of thing, but the key is if you do eventful things and give", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00091-00038636-00039014": "fans more of what they want you can figure out how to do this.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00092-00039014-00039425": "Also remember you can always do a poll on Instagram and YouTube and ask your fans what", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00093-00039425-00039968": "they want more from you and give them some choices, like live streams, dj sets, podcasts", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00094-00039968-00040191": "or whatever will be eventful from them.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00095-00040191-00040538": "Then start serving that to your most excited fans behind a paywall.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00096-00040538-00040999": "And keep in mind you don't need to only charge money you can instead get an email from them.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00097-00040999-00041224": "As you keep growing having fans emails anyone experienced in music marketing can tell you", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00098-00041224-00041858": "that having a fans email is like having a down payment on future income from them, so", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00099-00041858-00042301": "even if you just acquire that you can potentially stay in touch with that fan for years or decades", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00100-00042301-00042605": "to come and work up to them being a paying consumer.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00101-00042605-00043019": "I would often recommend dipping your toe in this by doing some of it for just an email", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00102-00043019-00043302": "at first and then moving on up to paid promotions.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00103-00043302-00043671": "But since I know how some of you are you I know you are already doubting that this works.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00104-00043671-00044292": "So if you do I want you to watch what the fans of musicians you follow post.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00105-00044292-00044723": "My bet is its often them bragging about exclusive things they get to do which is often the private", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00106-00044723-00045228": "access they pay for whether that's concerts (which really are just private access content", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00107-00045228-00045612": "IRL) on to live streams or exclusive merch they got.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00108-00045612-00045980": "Doing this private access feeds fans and makes them want to spread the word about you.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00109-00045980-00046385": "It truly is win-win for growing your fanbase and feeding your most active fans.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00110-00046385-00046842": "Fans love to show off their fandom and the perks they get from it which shows all their", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00111-00046842-00047295": "followers you as a free advertisement as well as things that make them feel special.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00112-00047295-00047697": "Once you have fan enthusiasm, engaging those fans by dfoing eventful things fans would", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00113-00047697-00048126": "potentially share is how to also get all their friends who follow them familiar with you", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00114-00048126-00048592": "and grow your fanbase. and if you dont get that just remember I answer every question", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00115-00048592-00048697": "in the comments below.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00116-00048697-00049183": "But Think of it this way - Doing paywall events for your stans is what gets them to share", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00117-00049183-00049714": "on social media to show off which gets their friends to see your name notice you and more", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00118-00049714-00049878": "likely to investigate you.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00119-00049878-00050359": "I know this sounds counter intuitive but truly this is one of those weirds tricks that has", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00120-00050359-00050820": "worked the entire social media age to build a fan base and make money off of fans.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00121-00050820-00051283": "OK On the screen now is a video on how to grow your fanbase from zero to 10,000 fans", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00122-00051283-00051726": "or how to get your music noticed or how to blow up on spotify in 2022.", "2nrbJhoaWnQ-00123-00051726-00051883": "Click and keep learning thanks for watching."}}, {"audio_id": "2nCzeq7dqpy", "text": {"2nCzeq7dqpy-00000-00000000-00000333": "you are not depressed stop saying that yikes", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00001-00000333-00000783": "did Prince EA a really just say that did he just say that you're not depressed", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00002-00000783-00001329": "this video he made got a lot of people upset and one of them being bullying a", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00003-00001329-00001794": "band so in this video we're gonna discuss both sides of it and see if we", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00004-00001794-00002285": "can come to a good conclusion so stay tuned what's up everybody this is Chris", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00005-00002285-00002730": "from the rewired soul where we talk about the problem but focus on the", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00006-00002730-00003236": "solution so Prince EA this was about a year ago I know I'm late to the party on", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00007-00003236-00003711": "this but about a year ago he posted this video it says you are not depressed stop", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00008-00003711-00004139": "it that is literally the title of this video and if you have watched my other", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00009-00004139-00004664": "video about Neil brennan's stand-up special on Netflix I'll link it", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00010-00004664-00005061": "in the description up here he talks about how there is a lot of ignorance", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00011-00005061-00005400": "about depression and people think that it's just a switch we could turn off and", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00012-00005400-00005823": "on and those are ignorant people and as somebody who struggles with depression I", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00013-00005823-00006203": "take offense to that so when Prince EA said that there was a", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00014-00006203-00006831": "big big big backlash and boyinaband made a very good video about it and what I'm", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00015-00006831-00007134": "trying to do in this video I want to give you a very objective point of view", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00016-00007134-00007595": "on this because I think there's a lot of stuff lost in communication and I'm", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00017-00007595-00008225": "gonna explain why now I'm not gonna go deep into my thoughts on Prince EA in", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00018-00008225-00008772": "this video I do have my own thoughts on it but I think the argument here between", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00019-00008772-00009309": "the two is a lack of communication so I'm gonna be the mediator for them so", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00020-00009309-00009870": "basically Prince EA starts his video out again with this you are not depressed", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00021-00009870-00010353": "stop saying that here is boy in a bands quick response to", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00022-00010353-00010752": "that okay I'm gonna have to stop you there no depression does not always go", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00023-00010752-00011139": "see it looks like you're mixing up this Wikipedia page with this one depressed", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00024-00011139-00011564": "can be a mood like sadness or frustration but depressed can also refer", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00025-00011564-00012014": "to major depressive major depressive disorder a mental disorder people are", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00026-00012014-00012593": "genetically predisposed to alright who's right and who's wrong now I will link to", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00027-00012593-00013008": "both of these videos down in the description below but here's the thing", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00028-00013008-00013378": "here's the thing with Prince EA and here's what I try to do differently with", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00029-00013378-00014056": "my channel Prince EA is a meditator he meditates he meditates a lot he has a", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00030-00014056-00014569": "weird past if any of you know about his past being a rapper and a lot of people", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00031-00014569-00014988": "bring that up anyways I don't know if he's somewhat enlightened now or", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00032-00014988-00015457": "whatever but he meditates okay and here's what I try to explain to people", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00033-00015457-00015919": "that you know might confuse you if you don't meditate people who meditate they", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00034-00015919-00016255": "kind of they they kind of have their own their own language and it's it's a", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00035-00016255-00016687": "little bit different and it's not like you know like some weird like alien", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00036-00016687-00017143": "language it's just some of these things sound weird and they sound kind of crazy", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00037-00017143-00017506": "like that's the issue with this video a lot of people thought he sounded nuts", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00038-00017506-00017944": "um one of the examples I give is as Jim Carrey like all the stuff that's been", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00039-00017944-00018262": "going on with Jim Carrey and some of his interviews lately like people like this", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00040-00018262-00018622": "dude has lost his mind but as somebody who practices meditation", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00041-00018622-00019006": "and I'm really into Buddhist philosophy like what Jim Carrey says it pretty much", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00042-00019006-00019669": "makes sense to me anyways point a band is absolutely right depression is a", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00043-00019669-00020086": "legitimate mental illness I've done plenty of other videos on it I explained", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00044-00020086-00020461": "the science of depression I explained the lack of certain neurotransmitters in", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00045-00020461-00020929": "the brain that are responsible for depression now well Prince EA is talking", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00046-00020929-00021337": "about is what we do with a meditation practice and my issue with Prince EA is", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00047-00021337-00021844": "is that he never talks about meditation like okay I said I wasn't gonna you know", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00048-00021844-00022150": "judge him too bad but here's one thing I'm judging him on he never really talks", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00049-00022150-00022753": "about meditation practices like he tries to put on this persona that all of these", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00050-00022753-00023182": "things are very original that he's coming up with but for anybody who is a", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00051-00023182-00023644": "meditator like this is just like very well-known things that he's talking", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00052-00023644-00024270": "about it's nothing crazy so in a meditation practice you learn to watch", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00053-00024270-00024763": "your thoughts rather than being swept away by them so when Prince EA is making", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00054-00024763-00025138": "his analogy of the clouds or he did something that upset people he holds up", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00055-00025138-00025492": "a little remote control and says look this is your depression now it's gone", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00056-00025492-00025885": "and that seems nuts but what he's talking about is sitting back and", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00057-00025885-00026144": "watching these two press of thoughts this is something I've", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00058-00026144-00026579": "talked about in other videos which is called non identification alright so", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00059-00026579-00026933": "what the problem is with anxiety with depression and all these other things is", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00060-00026933-00027502": "that we identify so closely with them that we get swept away by them okay so", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00061-00027502-00027958": "what Prince EA is talking about is saying that you your physical self your", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00062-00027958-00028378": "idea of self you are not your depression depression is a part of you but you are", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00063-00028378-00028933": "not that depression something that we talked about is with meditation rather", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00064-00028933-00029416": "than being in the movie being in the thoughts you're able to sit back and", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00065-00029416-00030088": "watch the movie okay I hope that analogy helps out just a little bit now in my", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00066-00030088-00030377": "response to boy in a bed like boy to band did a great job you did a lot of", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00067-00030377-00030857": "research he also reached out to a lot of professors and psychologists and things", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00068-00030857-00031088": "like that now some things that I'll make very", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00069-00031088-00031513": "clear for you science has proven time and time again in multiple studies I", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00070-00031513-00032164": "will link to some articles down below that meditation reduces depression one", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00071-00032164-00032732": "study found that forty minutes forty minutes of meditation every single day", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00072-00032732-00033272": "is as beneficial as the best antidepressant medications out there", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00073-00033272-00033677": "they see the same neurobiological changes in the brain that", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00074-00033677-00034205": "antidepressants have so meditation is a legitimate practice for anybody who", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00075-00034205-00034676": "struggles with depression other studies have shown that people who regularly", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00076-00034676-00035090": "meditate even for five minutes a day that's right everybody I said five", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00077-00035090-00035549": "minutes a day people who meditate for five minutes a day have more activity in", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00078-00035549-00036050": "the part of the brain responsible for positive thoughts so if you're somebody", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00079-00036050-00036509": "whose struggles with depression think about that for a second so meditation is", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00080-00036509-00037147": "a genuine solution to symptoms of depression it might not be a complete", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00081-00037147-00037613": "cure-all but the relationship to depression changes this is why I talk", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00082-00037613-00038051": "about it a lot on my channel and why I teach it to my clients who struggle with", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00083-00038051-00038413": "depression alright so in the future I will do a", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00084-00038413-00038774": "more in-depth video on my thoughts on Prince EA and what's he what he's doing", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00085-00038774-00039118": "and stuff because you know as somebody who's trying to", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00086-00039118-00039447": "you know teach people about mental health as well as meditation I have some", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00087-00039447-00039811": "issues with the way he kind of does things but anyways like I said I will", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00088-00039811-00040216": "link to both the videos down below I think the one that boyinaband did was", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00089-00040216-00040522": "very well done I just think there was some miscommunication and he doesn't", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00090-00040522-00040834": "fully understand this meditation practice and then I'll also link to", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00091-00040834-00041296": "Prince EA's response in there like Prince EA had the perfect opportunity to", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00092-00041296-00041755": "do what I'm doing and explain what he actually meant but instead Prince EA", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00093-00041755-00042144": "made a video set he made a video like saying like a video to my haters and", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00094-00042144-00042481": "that's like come on dude he could have had a logical conversation about this", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00095-00042481-00042900": "and just explained it but anyways I hope that cleared some things up for all of", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00096-00042900-00043275": "you so if you like this video please give it a thumbs up and if you are new", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00097-00043275-00043555": "here make sure you click the little brown subscribe button I'm always making", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00098-00043555-00043894": "videos to help you out with your mental and emotional needs", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00099-00043894-00044188": "all right click your tap on one of those thumbnails right there if you want to", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00100-00044188-00044500": "check out some of the other videos on this channel but anyways this is Chris", "2nCzeq7dqpy-00101-00044500-00044969": "from the rewired soul thanks for watching I'll see you next time"}}, {"audio_id": "3okB3odXf6M", "text": {"3okB3odXf6M-00000-00000827-00001449": "Permaculture is an emerging,  innovative system which is searching its place", "3okB3odXf6M-00001-00001449-00001860": "Among the existing agroecological systems.  Permaculture is often recognized as an alternative", "3okB3odXf6M-00002-00001860-00002280": "agroecological process of food production  in urban or rural areas.", "3okB3odXf6M-00003-00002789-00003005": "Although the definition  and principles of permaculture", "3okB3odXf6M-00004-00003005-00003449": "are constantly enriched,  it is not so much another way to cultivate,", "3okB3odXf6M-00005-00003449-00003797": "but rather a new way to conceive the world  and human-nature relationships.", "3okB3odXf6M-00006-00004327-00004711": "In face of the world ecological crisis,  permaculture brings in", "3okB3odXf6M-00007-00004711-00005320": "the possibility to rethink urban landscapes  and agricultural systems", "3okB3odXf6M-00008-00005320-00005869": "building on new epistemological bases  to induce global philosophical and practical changes.", "3okB3odXf6M-00009-00006187-00006781": "Permaculture is hence a constantly evolving,  local process with global objectives.", "3okB3odXf6M-00010-00006781-00007431": "Of course, anthropological approach  is fundamental to this endeavour", "3okB3odXf6M-00011-00007431-00007942": "Over the past years, several research studies have been conducted  to understand the social implications", "3okB3odXf6M-00012-00007942-00008467": "of permaculture as well as the individual  and collective motivations at stake", "3okB3odXf6M-00013-00008467-00009118": "in this new way to produce and live.  The technico-economical viability", "3okB3odXf6M-00014-00009118-00009796": "of this new type of projects has also been analysed.  Permaculture projects aim at the delivery of multiple", "3okB3odXf6M-00015-00009796-00010540": "ecosystem services supported by an adequate,  agroecological management of soil, inputs and landscapes.", "3okB3odXf6M-00016-00010540-00011200": "An objective is to get rid off fossile energies and phytopharmaceutical products.  In the agricultural sector,", "3okB3odXf6M-00017-00011200-00011767": "permaculture often refers to micro organic farms,  on small areas.", "3okB3odXf6M-00018-00011950-00012475": "The sample of actors studied for this movie  encompasses very small individual farms,", "3okB3odXf6M-00019-00012475-00013012": "groups of farms, associations, design offices,  larges entreprises,", "3okB3odXf6M-00020-00013012-00013531": "and local authorities.  These actors mobilized permaculture concepts", "3okB3odXf6M-00021-00013531-00014050": "to create very diverse projects  and micro farms.", "3okB3odXf6M-00022-00014050-00014515": "A common goal of all these projects  is multifunctionality,  that is to tackle several challenges.", "3okB3odXf6M-00023-00014515-00015115": "Also, the legal statuses of these projects are highly diverse, while the functioning of the micro-farms", "3okB3odXf6M-00024-00015115-00015519": "benefits from inputs derived  from the world of entreprises and commercial law.", "3okB3odXf6M-00025-00015519-00016213": "In addition to food production", "3okB3odXf6M-00026-00016213-00016720": "the activities developed  can include ecotourism,", "3okB3odXf6M-00027-00016720-00017455": "the selling of farm products through different  short supply chains, as well as product transformation.", "3okB3odXf6M-00028-00017455-00017962": "Training and knowledge and practice transfer also often represents  a fundamental activity in permaculture projects.", "3okB3odXf6M-00029-00017962-00018853": "The farm of the Bec-Hellouin in Normandy  remains an archetype of a permaculture farm.", "3okB3odXf6M-00030-00018853-00019495": "However, the observed trend  is a high diversification", "3okB3odXf6M-00031-00019495-00020101": "of micro farms very different  from this archetype regarding the objectives", "3okB3odXf6M-00032-00020101-00020766": "of the project as well as the resources invested,  and the legal status chosen.", "3okB3odXf6M-00033-00020766-00021381": "Beyond this high diversity, permaculture projects share common conceptual bases.  Further, the persons implementing permaculture projects", "3okB3odXf6M-00034-00021381-00021879": "often have a specific profile  compared to typical farmers.", "3okB3odXf6M-00035-00021879-00022527": "Most of them indeed have went  through a deep retraining", "3okB3odXf6M-00036-00022587-00023127": "following a sometimes-long experience in another sector.  This change of job", "3okB3odXf6M-00037-00023127-00023604": "is often due to a searching for meaning,  a need to reconnect to nature", "3okB3odXf6M-00038-00023604-00024363": "while protecting it, and by the search to better conciliate professional,  personal and family projects.", "3okB3odXf6M-00039-00024363-00024876": "To implement a permaculture project often implies the resumption of studies  to obtain the BPREA, namely \"professional certificate of agricultural business manager\"", "3okB3odXf6M-00040-00024876-00025503": "as well as practical training using a network of micro farms  inspired by permaculture.", "3okB3odXf6M-00041-00025503-00026118": "Each permaculture project is  deeply rooted in a territory", "3okB3odXf6M-00042-00026118-00026652": "and in a very dense social network locally.  Proximity and sharing", "3okB3odXf6M-00043-00026652-00027141": "are of fundamental importance here. «Educate to territory; educate to inheritance».", "3okB3odXf6M-00044-00027298-00027955": "The link between humans and nature  has been widely studied,", "3okB3odXf6M-00045-00027955-00028477": "from a theoretical and experimental perspective, to unfold the functioning of the agroecosystems managed by these microfarms", "3okB3odXf6M-00046-00028477-00029050": "and the importance they give to a living soil", "3okB3odXf6M-00047-00029050-00029689": "and a healthy biodiversity  at different spatial and temporal scales,", "3okB3odXf6M-00048-00029689-00030295": "the objective being to benefit from each component of the agroecosystem.  Each component can contribute to several services.", "3okB3odXf6M-00049-00030295-00030919": "This relies on the use of functional complementarities  and the preservation of the natural and human capitals", "3okB3odXf6M-00050-00030919-00031552": "across time and space. In permaculture projects, experimentations and innovations play a key role", "3okB3odXf6M-00051-00031552-00032026": "across the different stages of project implementation,  and its constant improvement.", "3okB3odXf6M-00052-00032026-00032572": "This involves innovative techniques developed", "3okB3odXf6M-00053-00032572-00033085": "in harmony with nature, exchanges with peers,  and the sharing of production factors.", "3okB3odXf6M-00054-00033085-00033946": "Last but not least, the beauty of the managed nature", "3okB3odXf6M-00055-00033946-00034638": "combiend with a high natural biomass is also rewarding.  But this beauty", "3okB3odXf6M-00056-00034638-00035232": "has nothing in common with the standards of intensive agriculture.  This can even jeopardize the classically accepted view", "3okB3odXf6M-00057-00035232-00035856": "of what a beautiful agricultural field should be.  From an economic point of view, the permaculture model", "3okB3odXf6M-00058-00035856-00036468": "promotes soberty and growth decrement.  That is a well-thought frugality which does not exclude", "3okB3odXf6M-00059-00036468-00037140": "well being, but actually reinforces it along other criteria  than the sole economic profitability.", "3okB3odXf6M-00060-00037140-00037563": "The implementers of permaculture projects, following retraining,  come from very diverse professional spheres", "3okB3odXf6M-00061-00037563-00038064": "often far from agriculture. - I was working in very large companies.", "3okB3odXf6M-00062-00038064-00038541": "-I was working as deputy director of an entreprise providing  advices on sustainable development strategies.", "3okB3odXf6M-00063-00038541-00038892": "-My training includes landscape engineering.", "3okB3odXf6M-00064-00038892-00039444": "-I was an industrial designer. -I spent several years cooking.  This overview", "3okB3odXf6M-00065-00039444-00039948": "helps to understand the French permaculture landscape.", "3okB3odXf6M-00066-00039948-00040374": "Let’s have a closer look at the ‘permaculture daisy’,  and what can be learned", "3okB3odXf6M-00067-00040374-00040932": "on a theoretical and practical point of view from researchers", "3okB3odXf6M-00068-00040932-00041610": "who have analyzed the permaculture paradigm  and how it is actually implemented.", "3okB3odXf6M-00069-00041610-00042198": "Many individual or collective projects  try to bring in local solutions", "3okB3odXf6M-00070-00042198-00042750": "to the many crisis our societies currently face.  These projects explore new epistemological frameworks", "3okB3odXf6M-00071-00042750-00043374": "by mobilizing the permaculture paradigm. Permaculture, in its early developments in the 1970s, defines itself as", "3okB3odXf6M-00072-00043374-00044109": "an endeavour to create autonomous agricultural production systems", "3okB3odXf6M-00073-00044109-00044742": "able to regenerate themselves  and sustain human lives.", "3okB3odXf6M-00074-00044742-00045420": "From a scholar point of view,  it’s a way to gain knowledge and apply it into action rather than theoretical knowledge", "3okB3odXf6M-00075-00045420-00046086": "about Nature.  Permaculture IS about acting with Nature", "3okB3odXf6M-00076-00046086-00046773": "This quest for a balance, an harmony between humans and Nature,", "3okB3odXf6M-00077-00046773-00047328": "can be comprehended through  the ecological footprint of projects", "3okB3odXf6M-00078-00047328-00047895": "with the objective to improve their footprint,  consistently with local biocapacity.", "3okB3odXf6M-00079-00047895-00048201": "An objective is to find a way to merge", "3okB3odXf6M-00080-00048201-00048867": "urbanisation and agriculture  through innovative spatial planning and", "3okB3odXf6M-00081-00048867-00049410": "novel landscapes able to sustain well-being for all.  Actually, the relationship between humans and nature and nature components,", "3okB3odXf6M-00082-00049410-00049974": "the way nature influences architecure and agriculture,  are very powerful elements when conceiving new urban and peri-urban landscapes.", "3okB3odXf6M-00083-00049974-00050541": "This echoes the rethinking  of human-natural resources relationships", "3okB3odXf6M-00084-00050541-00051177": "promoted by permaculture,  helping us to revisit our way to think urban planning", "3okB3odXf6M-00085-00051177-00051804": "We need to  find solutions to shift  from cities largely dependent from external resources", "3okB3odXf6M-00086-00051804-00052391": "to cities that would build their capacity  to generate internally the resources they need.", "3okB3odXf6M-00087-00052391-00052935": "For instance, cities cannot heat or cool themselves,  and cannot feed themselves.", "3okB3odXf6M-00088-00052935-00053628": "and cannot get rid off their wastes internally.  Cities also", "3okB3odXf6M-00089-00053628-00054012": "often fail to sufficiently produce goods  and generate social and cultural outcomes.", "3okB3odXf6M-00090-00054012-00054591": "Hence, when applied to cities,  the permaculture ambition is", "3okB3odXf6M-00091-00054591-00055205": "to reinforce the autonomy of urban systems,  based on city life", "3okB3odXf6M-00092-00055205-00056192": "avoiding destroying ecosystems outside –and sometimes far from- cities,  while restoring a local ecosystem sustainable on the long term", "3okB3odXf6M-00093-00056192-00056790": "even under the threat of climate change.  And this is likely", "3okB3odXf6M-00094-00056790-00057324": "one of the most important outcomes of permaculture:  unlocking innovation", "3okB3odXf6M-00095-00057324-00057909": "and allowing people to think freely and differently  with the objective to place the care for earth and people", "3okB3odXf6M-00096-00057909-00058604": "at the center of all innovations, sharing all the productions to ensure this care of effective.", "3okB3odXf6M-00097-00058604-00059253": "A simple consequence is to recognize that one cannot allocate  a whole managed territory to production and exportation.", "3okB3odXf6M-00098-00059253-00059907": "Across a territory conceived along the permaculture logic,  parts must be used to restore the good energetic status of the system", "3okB3odXf6M-00099-00059907-00060444": "or to maintain it.  This implies to consider the whole system,", "3okB3odXf6M-00100-00060444-00061200": "to try to improve its overall metabolism,  which includes element recycling, energy accumulation,", "3okB3odXf6M-00101-00061200-00061827": "and the immunity capacity of the system.  A key element here is to allow", "3okB3odXf6M-00102-00061827-00062342": "the interactions between the biological components  to fully contribute to the effectiveness of the permaculture production project.", "3okB3odXf6M-00103-00062342-00063005": "These three dimensions are shared  among the different alternative approaches", "3okB3odXf6M-00104-00063005-00063616": "developed in agriculture: in all cases,  the objective is to improve matter recycling,", "3okB3odXf6M-00105-00063616-00064408": "reinforcing the system sustainability.  All these alternative approaches", "3okB3odXf6M-00106-00064408-00065023": "promote a systemic vision.  A specificity is to refocus the system design and management", "3okB3odXf6M-00107-00065023-00065683": "on the interactions between  the biological and non biological components", "3okB3odXf6M-00108-00065683-00066679": "with the objective to constantly  improve these interactions.", "3okB3odXf6M-00109-00066679-00067231": "The permaculture approach currently promotes reinforced relationships  between humans and biodiversity. Actually, humans", "3okB3odXf6M-00110-00067231-00067891": "cannot be considered anymore  as outside biodiversity but are fully part of it.", "3okB3odXf6M-00111-00067891-00068551": "Humans strongly depend on many other organisms  that shape their environment and influence their well being.", "3okB3odXf6M-00112-00068551-00068926": "This challenge includes the conception  of the solution-called Nature-based Solutions.", "3okB3odXf6M-00113-00068926-00069634": "To shift towards permaculture approaches,  it is first need to learn things that have been widely forgotten over the past decades.", "3okB3odXf6M-00114-00069634-00070540": "It is also needed to learn how to work with complex living systems  and accept to work with uncertainty.", "3okB3odXf6M-00115-00070540-00071260": "A problem is to really give these Nature-based Solutions  a chance,", "3okB3odXf6M-00116-00071260-00071914": "which might require to complement as needed", "3okB3odXf6M-00117-00071914-00072553": "the existing legal and financial rules that apply to the current systems  by new rules able to support the development of more diversified systems.", "3okB3odXf6M-00118-00072972-00073401": "I am involved in the Ecopiste research project", "3okB3odXf6M-00119-00073401-00073878": "studying the places that rethink the way to develop societies  in the context of the ecological transition.", "3okB3odXf6M-00120-00073878-00074409": "In these places, project developers posit  that many people do not feel well", "3okB3odXf6M-00121-00074409-00074958": "and that their lives should change,  and a question hence raises how at my level, how at the local scale,", "3okB3odXf6M-00122-00074958-00075396": "and how in my own social dynamics can I contribute to a shift towards improvement, beginning by me and my family?", "3okB3odXf6M-00123-00075396-00076059": "This results to local answers with very diversified  and very productive landscapes", "3okB3odXf6M-00124-00076250-00076733": "that have not been studied by many scientists.", "3okB3odXf6M-00125-00076733-00077081": "Our objective has been to work on all social life aspects,  including the way we live, manage and govern all together.", "3okB3odXf6M-00126-00077081-00077606": "We paid much attention to the way people conceive  how each area within this landcape interacts with the others", "3okB3odXf6M-00127-00077606-00078185": "building a network of interacting patches,  echoing social impact issues.", "3okB3odXf6M-00128-00078185-00078575": "It is urgent to mobilize  scientific research", "3okB3odXf6M-00129-00078575-00079070": "to help local actors  managing these permaculture projects", "3okB3odXf6M-00130-00079070-00079559": "to analyse and understand  the impacts of their projects.", "3okB3odXf6M-00131-00079559-00080516": "The idea is clearly to share experience with others  about this new way to work and live, well integrated to local societies.", "3okB3odXf6M-00132-00080516-00081068": "Personnally, I have found in the permaculture framework  a capacity to conceptualize", "3okB3odXf6M-00133-00081068-00081584": "what we are doing here; because to be able to share experience with others,  you need to understand holistically what we are doing.", "3okB3odXf6M-00134-00081584-00082091": "Our leader project includes aspects dealing  with the education to territory issues,", "3okB3odXf6M-00135-00082091-00082718": "patrimonial issues, promoting ecological awareness  towards children and young people.", "3okB3odXf6M-00136-00082718-00083222": "Actually, we obtained 40,000€  from the Leader program", "3okB3odXf6M-00137-00083222-00083828": "for two years, to use and deploy our experience  on the connexion with Nature.", "3okB3odXf6M-00138-00083828-00084323": "Input from research was ensured  by the Portugese", "3okB3odXf6M-00139-00084323-00084830": "SERAP laboratory questioning  the young people of our territory.", "3okB3odXf6M-00140-00085125-00085680": "The objective of our project  at the ‘Source Dorée’", "3okB3odXf6M-00141-00085680-00086448": "is to demonstrate that permaculture is a possible response,  or even the response", "3okB3odXf6M-00142-00086448-00087180": "to pressing issues through  the creation of a resilient ecosystem.", "3okB3odXf6M-00143-00087180-00087810": "It is about building a new ecosystem  at a given site, with its nature", "3okB3odXf6M-00144-00087810-00088569": "and this allows reconnection to this every site.  We have to face the reality", "3okB3odXf6M-00145-00088569-00089199": "of planetary boundaries:  our earth is a closed system", "3okB3odXf6M-00146-00089199-00089826": "and we have to find our role as humans to ensure this system  is sustainable on the long term.", "3okB3odXf6M-00147-00089826-00090648": "This hence calls for humility,  and for an understanding of how all this is working", "3okB3odXf6M-00148-00090648-00091116": "To understand the functioning of a permaculture system,  different theoretical and practical tools", "3okB3odXf6M-00149-00091116-00091731": "can be mobilized, to imagine projects able to fulfill", "3okB3odXf6M-00150-00091731-00092364": "a range of functions in support  of a sustainable local production.", "3okB3odXf6M-00151-00092364-00092967": "The design or redesign of the agricultural system,  including agroforestry aspects,", "3okB3odXf6M-00152-00092967-00093744": "the work with biodiversity, energy saving,  are all part of this systemic approach.", "3okB3odXf6M-00153-00093744-00094467": "To reach these main goals,  that is resilience and sustainability,", "3okB3odXf6M-00154-00094467-00094959": "Permaculture promotes a spatially oriented thinking.  We will recognize that the agroecosystem is made of several interacting components", "3okB3odXf6M-00155-00094959-00095562": "The objective will ultimately be to rely  on the interactions of these components", "3okB3odXf6M-00156-00095562-00095991": "which are interactions of an ecological order, or utilitarian order", "3okB3odXf6M-00157-00095991-00096634": "to obtain a more autonomous system for matter cycling", "3okB3odXf6M-00158-00096634-00097282": "and to improve as far as possible  the immunity capacity", "3okB3odXf6M-00159-00097282-00098092": "of the system.  It is not", "3okB3odXf6M-00160-00098092-00098662": "about suppressing problems,  but rather to maintain them", "3okB3odXf6M-00161-00098662-00099130": "at an acceptable level.  This spatial dimension is of paramount importance.", "3okB3odXf6M-00162-00099130-00099535": "The other spatial aspect is to reason the links  between patches that accumulate", "3okB3odXf6M-00163-00099535-00100084": "and others that export, easing the transfer  from the formers to the latters.", "3okB3odXf6M-00164-00100084-00100795": "And the simpler, effortless transfer corresponds  to pratices use for instance in agroforestry.", "3okB3odXf6M-00165-00100795-00101509": "For all the activities implemented here,  we used a design at large scale", "3okB3odXf6M-00166-00101509-00102199": "to manages the site and allow all activities  to benefit from the farm", "3okB3odXf6M-00167-00102199-00102786": "while the farm design fulfills our needs  to produce and transfer knowledge.", "3okB3odXf6M-00168-00102786-00103236": "Here, we grow fruit trees, aromatic  and medicinal plants", "3okB3odXf6M-00169-00103236-00103792": "as well as vegetables.  We decided to produce for a restaurant:  our restaurant.", "3okB3odXf6M-00170-00103792-00104482": "Hence, we demonstrate we can cultivate in a different way,  cook differently, consume differently.", "3okB3odXf6M-00171-00104482-00105130": "We can also host people,  and all this is based on this site managed along permaculture rules, on nature.", "3okB3odXf6M-00172-00105130-00105979": "This garden is characterized by a 17% slope,  and thus the cultivated areas are terrasses conceiving to fit", "3okB3odXf6M-00173-00106033-00106592": "the “level curves” of the garden.  Each time they are in a staggered arrangement", "3okB3odXf6M-00174-00106592-00107195": "to optimize water flows and rainfall infiltration", "3okB3odXf6M-00175-00107195-00107816": "We also use in our ‘graden-forests’ small ponds.  The first things", "3okB3odXf6M-00176-00107816-00108398": "we think about for this landscape are indeed access and water.", "3okB3odXf6M-00177-00108398-00109076": "In addition, we decided to use small fruit shrubs along the paths.", "3okB3odXf6M-00178-00109076-00109596": "This makes walks more interesting  and facilitates small fruit harvest.", "3okB3odXf6M-00179-00109596-00110145": "We also created each area  as a garden in its own, reasoning", "3okB3odXf6M-00180-00110145-00110820": "how everything will be organized around  these small gardens to facilitate our work.", "3okB3odXf6M-00181-00110820-00111399": "When you listen to people working with permaculture,  they use the notion of functional redundancy", "3okB3odXf6M-00182-00111399-00112053": "and of functional complementarity.  They explain that they generally use", "3okB3odXf6M-00183-00112053-00112902": "several entities to deliver a given function,  while each entity can contribute to different functions.", "3okB3odXf6M-00184-00112902-00113394": "Similarly, ecological research also use", "3okB3odXf6M-00185-00113394-00114011": "this notion of functional redundancy  describing situations were", "3okB3odXf6M-00186-00114011-00114723": "different species contribute to a given function.  This corresponds to ecosystems more resistant in face of stresses,", "3okB3odXf6M-00187-00114723-00115350": "and more resilient following  biotic or abiotic stresses and disturbances.", "3okB3odXf6M-00188-00115350-00115883": "Hence, permaculture mobilizes another notion  widely used in ecology,", "3okB3odXf6M-00189-00115883-00116529": "the concept of ecological insurance.  The interest of this association", "3okB3odXf6M-00190-00116529-00117477": "is not only to best occupy space,  but also to promote ‘symbiosis’ between the different vegetables.", "3okB3odXf6M-00191-00117477-00118205": "For instance, bean can participate to the nutrition of tomato plants  by the release of nitrogen during the growing season.", "3okB3odXf6M-00192-00118205-00118952": "Below we have celery which will act as a repellent  against crop pests due to its particular smell.", "3okB3odXf6M-00193-00118952-00119642": "This type of ‘symbiosis’ is interesting  when we compose associations,", "3okB3odXf6M-00194-00119642-00120281": "with always different functions  within one cultivated patch.", "3okB3odXf6M-00195-00120281-00121064": "When you analyze the choices  made for biodiversity in permaculture,", "3okB3odXf6M-00196-00121064-00121670": "it appears that these choices  are made according to expected ecosystem services.", "3okB3odXf6M-00197-00121670-00122509": "In the permaculture designs,  a particular attention is paid to the size", "3okB3odXf6M-00198-00122509-00123361": "and the nature of cultivated patches,  but also very much to the frontiers between these patches", "3okB3odXf6M-00199-00123361-00124070": "consistently to the notion of ecotones in ecology,  at all scales.", "3okB3odXf6M-00200-00124070-00124670": "A first ‘ecotone’ exists between one species and another.  At a larger scale, you have tree clumps", "3okB3odXf6M-00201-00124670-00125438": "hosting a biodiversity that will have an influence  on vegetable areas. At an even larger scale,", "3okB3odXf6M-00202-00125438-00126038": "that is the landscale scale,  ecotones will also have major functional roles.", "3okB3odXf6M-00203-00126038-00126695": "A permaculture project thus has to manage biodiversity functional complementarities  at all spatial scales.", "3okB3odXf6M-00204-00126695-00127301": "We talk not only about diversity,  but also importantly about its spatial organization.", "3okB3odXf6M-00205-00127301-00127716": "This is likely a key facet  of permaculture design.", "3okB3odXf6M-00206-00127818-00128446": "Ecosystem services are anchored in the landscape, in the soil.  When you look at a landscape, a territory,", "3okB3odXf6M-00207-00128446-00129140": "there is a specific topography,  differences of soil fertility and depth,", "3okB3odXf6M-00208-00129140-00129685": "with areas wetter or drier.  And all these elements are fundamental", "3okB3odXf6M-00209-00129685-00130604": "for the sustainability of farms.  The issue of inputs can be integrated in the farm design", "3okB3odXf6M-00210-00130604-00131168": "through the analysis of landscape,  accounting for spatially contextualized features.", "3okB3odXf6M-00211-00131168-00131612": "For instance, you can produce biomass here  and restitute it to a vegetable production area there.", "3okB3odXf6M-00212-00131612-00132011": "Some ecosytem services imply  to mobilize marginal areas of the farm,", "3okB3odXf6M-00213-00132011-00132716": "all around your farm. You have to realize that before,  2 and half years ago, there was only a grassland here.", "3okB3odXf6M-00214-00132716-00133409": "Then we established the gardens,  hence switching from a production system close to a monoculture,", "3okB3odXf6M-00215-00133409-00134303": "to a highly diversified production area.", "3okB3odXf6M-00216-00134303-00135131": "On the 3500 m2 cultivated area,  you find very different elements.", "3okB3odXf6M-00217-00135131-00135911": "Within each main element of the cultivated area,  I included small patches", "3okB3odXf6M-00218-00135911-00136655": "with eatable flowers sources of nectar,  which is important for me.", "3okB3odXf6M-00219-00136655-00137267": "These flowers ensure three functions at the same time:  beauty, food supply, and", "3okB3odXf6M-00220-00137267-00137921": "maintenance of pollinator populations on my farm.", "3okB3odXf6M-00221-00137921-00138635": "This is also how I manage biodiversity.  The objective is not to have areas as ‘clean’ as possible", "3okB3odXf6M-00222-00138635-00139286": "but rather to let the place live its life.  This is not easy to manage,", "3okB3odXf6M-00223-00139357-00140158": "and sometimes requires, for instance,  to convert a beautiful area full of flowers", "3okB3odXf6M-00224-00140158-00140650": "into a cropping area for basic  but important economic reasons.", "3okB3odXf6M-00225-00140650-00141274": "It is hence always small compromises,  choices I have to make.", "3okB3odXf6M-00226-00141274-00142042": "On the ‘ferme des clos’, we had 90 ha of grassland,  but we arrived with", "3okB3odXf6M-00227-00142042-00142948": "polyculture as an objective.  We thus diversified the production system,", "3okB3odXf6M-00228-00142948-00143671": "mixing livestock and crop productions,  which we had to allocate to different soils.", "3okB3odXf6M-00229-00143878-00144789": "Quickly, we had to decide which type of production should be allocated where.  In the overall design,", "3okB3odXf6M-00230-00144789-00145365": "there is of course a core area with the buildings,  which includes our house,", "3okB3odXf6M-00231-00145365-00146100": "as well as a technical space.", "3okB3odXf6M-00232-00146100-00146790": "From this core area, we established  the different zones of activities,", "3okB3odXf6M-00233-00146790-00147639": "the more frequently used zones  the closer to the core area.", "3okB3odXf6M-00234-00147639-00148188": "We are always seeking to structure a space.  When you work in permaculture, you choose and display", "3okB3odXf6M-00235-00148188-00148827": "the different entities in a way adapted to the very place we live in,  based on the analysis of this place.", "3okB3odXf6M-00236-00148827-00149403": "It is the same approach for reasoning a small area,  a garden or a city,", "3okB3odXf6M-00237-00149403-00149955": "each time the objective is to promote the right interactions  and connexions between elements,", "3okB3odXf6M-00238-00149955-00150666": "to manage well frontiers and edges between these elements.  Finally, for permaculture or other types of land planning", "3okB3odXf6M-00239-00150666-00151434": "the work will be similar, and the terminology used will be similar. Well, here you can see the dried litter", "3okB3odXf6M-00240-00151434-00151917": "herited from last spring, with the seeds,  and below you see the small resprouts.", "3okB3odXf6M-00241-00151917-00152448": "This is an early growing stage  of \"gaillet grateron\"-bedstraw.", "3okB3odXf6M-00242-00152448-00153072": "Thanks to internet, the techniques can quickly be shared  and then adapted to different soil and climate conditions.", "3okB3odXf6M-00243-00153072-00153603": "The agronomic performance of the systems  inspired by permaculture relies on", "3okB3odXf6M-00244-00153603-00154350": "positive interactions bewteen species planted together  over a same area.", "3okB3odXf6M-00245-00154350-00154911": "To reach this goal, the techniques deployed mobilized knowledge  from the previous generations and novel techniques tested all around the world.", "3okB3odXf6M-00246-00154911-00155556": "The food is hence produced based on an in-depth understanding  of  the role of biodiversity, from the gene to the landscape level.", "3okB3odXf6M-00247-00155556-00156386": "Independently of their size,  all these systems are conceived based on a systemic", "3okB3odXf6M-00248-00156386-00157061": "and a nature-based approach.  The hypotheses of organic farming,", "3okB3odXf6M-00249-00157061-00157595": "and the laws of scientific ecology,  tell us that a more diverse system is more stable", "3okB3odXf6M-00250-00157595-00158264": "than less diverse, poor systems  because plant, animal and microbial species", "3okB3odXf6M-00251-00158264-00158804": "regulate each one another.  This explains", "3okB3odXf6M-00252-00158804-00159290": "that the bursts of crop pests  are dampened", "3okB3odXf6M-00253-00159290-00159998": "in more diverse systems  not too heavily disturbed.", "3okB3odXf6M-00254-00159998-00160721": "We often stress possible win-win games between different organisms,  which exists indeed.", "3okB3odXf6M-00255-00160721-00161117": "But one has to accept also that, from time to time,  there is no win-win game.»", "3okB3odXf6M-00256-00161117-00161573": "It is a complicated game because sometimes I am over-run,  and I do not have", "3okB3odXf6M-00257-00161573-00162158": "time to control or clean areas.  This can be problematic if I have to establish a crop", "3okB3odXf6M-00258-00162158-00162836": "while it is not important  if maintaining biodiversity is one of the goals I have.", "3okB3odXf6M-00259-00162836-00163430": "Plants are –often overlooked- capacities  to influence their environment, in particular soil.", "3okB3odXf6M-00260-00163430-00164120": "Plant's influence can act on nitrogen cycling,  on the control of pathogens.", "3okB3odXf6M-00261-00164120-00164687": "When they infect one plant,  pathogens like when they can easily disseminate", "3okB3odXf6M-00262-00164687-00165287": "to plants from the same species  or even genotype just nearby.", "3okB3odXf6M-00263-00165287-00165890": "This leads to the quick spreading of the pathogen across the cropping area.  If species are mixed,", "3okB3odXf6M-00264-00165890-00166508": "the spreading of the pathogen can be greatly restricted.  These are examples", "3okB3odXf6M-00265-00166508-00167021": "showing the benefits derived  from biodiversity management.»", "3okB3odXf6M-00266-00167021-00167671": "Since the begining,  I cultivate around 50 species", "3okB3odXf6M-00267-00167671-00168241": "and close to 200 varieties of vegetables and flowers,  over the whole year.", "3okB3odXf6M-00268-00168241-00168811": "On a given cultivated area,  you have different varieies.", "3okB3odXf6M-00269-00168811-00169366": "For tomatoes, I mix all the varieties  at the same place.", "3okB3odXf6M-00270-00169366-00169990": "This facilitates the harvest when I come to prepare", "3okB3odXf6M-00271-00169990-00170554": "the baskets of vegetables,  I can mix all the tomatoes that are mature.", "3okB3odXf6M-00272-00170554-00171172": "It helps prepare beautiful baskets,  prepared a bit at random.", "3okB3odXf6M-00273-00171172-00171787": "This will bring a bit of surprise  and the interest", "3okB3odXf6M-00274-00171787-00172396": "of a basket that mixes  colours, tastes and textures.", "3okB3odXf6M-00275-00172396-00173062": "I am interested in the capacity of trees  to directly", "3okB3odXf6M-00276-00173062-00173704": "generate seedlings.  All you can do without grafting is a plus.", "3okB3odXf6M-00277-00173704-00174220": "I am motivated to see  what about in the garden", "3okB3odXf6M-00278-00174220-00174535": "when you let it work  its own life", "3okB3odXf6M-00279-00174535-00175051": "in particular for fruit trees.  We have a rigorous planning of the garden", "3okB3odXf6M-00280-00175051-00175543": "dictated by the need to deliver baskets.  We have 220 tomato plants,", "3okB3odXf6M-00281-00175543-00176113": "30 more this year because we feared the attack from \"mole cricket\".", "3okB3odXf6M-00282-00176113-00176730": "We have 600 m2 of potatoes,  500m of carots.  Actually, we have a stable area", "3okB3odXf6M-00283-00176950-00177364": "allocated to each species,", "3okB3odXf6M-00284-00177364-00177763": "determined by the needs of our customers.", "3okB3odXf6M-00285-00177763-00178525": "We have 1000 m2 for all our vegetables.", "3okB3odXf6M-00286-00178525-00179023": "We applied a well-thought logic,  with the varieties requiring more care", "3okB3odXf6M-00287-00179023-00179398": "located closer to us to have a better look at them.  The nursery is hence", "3okB3odXf6M-00288-00179398-00179929": "located just nearby our technical building.  In contrast, crops with a long", "3okB3odXf6M-00289-00179929-00180409": "growing cycles are far from here.  In addition, when possible,", "3okB3odXf6M-00290-00180409-00180868": "we try to add flower areas  to attract insects.", "3okB3odXf6M-00291-00180868-00181252": "We also try to produce our seeds,", "3okB3odXf6M-00292-00181252-00181699": "letting the natural seed production  and germination,", "3okB3odXf6M-00293-00181699-00182293": "in particular for eatable flowers.  Finally, we also promote species mixtures", "3okB3odXf6M-00294-00182293-00182749": "to save space, better cover the soil  and avoid erosion.", "3okB3odXf6M-00295-00182749-00183328": "Globally, we have over 50 varieties here,", "3okB3odXf6M-00296-00183328-00183841": "and for each species of vegetable,  we aim at using 3 to 8 different varieties across the year.", "3okB3odXf6M-00297-00183841-00184150": "Our customers can hence find a diversity of varieties  much higher than what they could find", "3okB3odXf6M-00298-00184150-00184507": "in the standard supermarkets in Paris.", "3okB3odXf6M-00299-00184507-00185245": "Here we have many small gardens  within the whole garden area, and they allow  us", "3okB3odXf6M-00300-00185245-00185964": "to use rotations to alleviate our dependency  on fertilizers and pesticides that we do not use at all.", "3okB3odXf6M-00301-00185964-00186432": "Each small vegetable garden is constituted  of all the families of vegetables", "3okB3odXf6M-00302-00186432-00187146": "planted in lines. In addition, we have 6 additional small gardens  for strawberry production", "3okB3odXf6M-00303-00187146-00187569": "maintained over 3 years.  Strawberries are in rotation", "3okB3odXf6M-00304-00187569-00187971": "with vegetables when we maintain the production over 10 years.»", "3okB3odXf6M-00305-00188374-00188875": "The momentum for these alternatives projects  corresponds to a demand from society", "3okB3odXf6M-00306-00188875-00189559": "for a better food quality.  The Care model, for \"Comprehensive Accounting in Respect of Ecology\",", "3okB3odXf6M-00307-00189559-00189955": "helps better understand these farms economy.", "3okB3odXf6M-00308-00189955-00190609": "Permaculture implies to search  a long term sustainability of these farms.", "3okB3odXf6M-00309-00190609-00191200": "Beyond the finacial capital,  this calls for a political economy able to assess", "3okB3odXf6M-00310-00191200-00191839": "not only the gross quality of a production valued in a monetary manner,  but also a more qualitative value", "3okB3odXf6M-00311-00191839-00192349": "in term of social relationships and preservation of natural assets.  The choices made by these farmers", "3okB3odXf6M-00312-00192349-00192892": "raise a question: to what extent could they actually  represent a new category of economic agents", "3okB3odXf6M-00313-00192892-00193462": "who seek for other objectives  than those only valued in a monetary manner.", "3okB3odXf6M-00314-00193462-00194158": "Permaculture is a way of life,  for oneself and with others", "3okB3odXf6M-00315-00194158-00194878": "A farmer in permaculture reinforces  common goods that are shared", "3okB3odXf6M-00316-00194878-00195448": "with others.  This production of common goods hence helps the development", "3okB3odXf6M-00317-00195448-00195988": "of innovative models compared to traditional ones.  If you want to evaluate the results of permaculture", "3okB3odXf6M-00318-00195988-00196552": "you must consider not only the financial capital", "3okB3odXf6M-00319-00196552-00197023": "as classically made, but also", "3okB3odXf6M-00320-00197023-00197539": "the natural capital and the soical capital.  One cannot assess permaculture", "3okB3odXf6M-00321-00197539-00198046": "with the same, classical financial criteria  as those used for the classical agronomic systems.", "3okB3odXf6M-00322-00198046-00198373": "However, a main issue for people  who launch a permaculture project", "3okB3odXf6M-00323-00198373-00198865": "is to what extent they will generate  the minimum monetary outcome", "3okB3odXf6M-00324-00198865-00199661": "to live from their work. Each perculture project is characterized by", "3okB3odXf6M-00325-00199661-00200318": "the place it is anchored in, its duration and maturity,  the diversity of productions and of selling paths,", "3okB3odXf6M-00326-00200318-00200891": "but also according to the investments made,  the experimentations tested, the surfaces at stake", "3okB3odXf6M-00327-00200891-00201530": "and the time invested the create an ecosystem favorable to production.  All these characteristics influence the economic balance", "3okB3odXf6M-00328-00201530-00202286": "which can differ between farms.  Today, our farm does not generate a positive net economic outcome.", "3okB3odXf6M-00329-00202286-00202931": "We are still investing, and a 5-year experiment is still short.  Our objective", "3okB3odXf6M-00330-00202931-00203588": "is to reach 50% for the production and transformation,  and 50% for transfer, training", "3okB3odXf6M-00331-00203685-00204195": "and awareness raising.  This choice is explained by the need we had to make experimentations.", "3okB3odXf6M-00332-00204195-00205173": "We wanted to avoid any obsession  to reach rentability over the short term.", "3okB3odXf6M-00333-00205173-00205662": "We aimed a good control of our activity.", "3okB3odXf6M-00334-00205662-00206157": "Learning how and why we do things  is an intellectual aspect here.", "3okB3odXf6M-00335-00206157-00206781": "We consider that our far mis a small laboratory,  which we can value.", "3okB3odXf6M-00336-00206781-00207576": "We have a shop at the restaurant of the farm,  where we directly sell.", "3okB3odXf6M-00337-00207576-00208323": "But we also directly sell to customers, as well as small groceries.  It is indeed very important for us to be connected", "3okB3odXf6M-00338-00208323-00209006": "with a network of other farmers working in permaculture.  We also work (for our restaurant) with a market gardener", "3okB3odXf6M-00339-00209006-00209561": "because we do not want to necessarily produce  all the vegatbles we need, at all time.", "3okB3odXf6M-00340-00209561-00209923": "Now our turnover I slow, only 20,000 €.  Our objective is", "3okB3odXf6M-00341-00209923-00210380": "to at least double it. This is a challenge of permaculture:  we need time to establish", "3okB3odXf6M-00342-00210380-00211042": "a sustainable ecosystem that reaches its equilibrium,", "3okB3odXf6M-00343-00211042-00211667": "while meanwhile the farmers need to earn a minimum of money. Well, over a 5-year period of work,", "3okB3odXf6M-00344-00211667-00212732": "I developed a farm 3 times.  This does not give enough time for the ecosystem to establish.", "3okB3odXf6M-00345-00212732-00213721": "The ecosystem indeed need time to reach  a new equilibrium. This is challenging", "3okB3odXf6M-00346-00213721-00214244": "for the production, for the energy we invest on the farm,", "3okB3odXf6M-00347-00214244-00215254": "and this is difficult to cope with.  I feed 67 families,", "3okB3odXf6M-00348-00215254-00216073": "which corresponds to 43 parts of harvest;  one part of haverst covering the needs", "3okB3odXf6M-00349-00216073-00216573": "of a family with 2 adults and 2 children.  Each family takes either one full part", "3okB3odXf6M-00350-00216573-00217398": "or half a part. The cost of a full part is 18€ each week,  or 800€ annually.", "3okB3odXf6M-00351-00217398-00218113": "I distribute my products  during 44 weeks per year.", "3okB3odXf6M-00352-00218113-00218619": "Hence my annual economic turnover  is close to 40,000€", "3okB3odXf6M-00353-00218619-00219361": "for the selling of my vegetables.  My costs on the farm are around 18,000€.", "3okB3odXf6M-00354-00219361-00220162": "The latter are low because  I do not have machines and the structural costs are low.", "3okB3odXf6M-00355-00220162-00220711": "This is why I can have a salary of 1,400€ per month,  which is very good", "3okB3odXf6M-00356-00220711-00221467": "and rare given the age of my farm.  On the other hand, I work a lot.", "3okB3odXf6M-00357-00221467-00221983": "I evaluated that I work between  45 and 50 hours per week on average.", "3okB3odXf6M-00358-00221983-00222979": "All in all, my salary is hence a bit lower", "3okB3odXf6M-00359-00222979-00223585": "than the French Minimum Salary.  I recognize that I may not be paid enough", "3okB3odXf6M-00360-00223585-00224041": "given the time I spend working.  We currently have an annual turnover around 20,000€", "3okB3odXf6M-00361-00224041-00224725": "thanks to the AMAP contract I have,  coresponding to 25 baskets of 26€ each over 30 weeks,  more 5 or 6000 €", "3okB3odXf6M-00362-00224813-00225371": "that are less secured since they correspond to direct selling,  leading to a total of 25,000€.", "3okB3odXf6M-00363-00225371-00225871": "In addition, we perceive 3,500€ of tax credit  because we have the organic farm label,", "3okB3odXf6M-00364-00225871-00226382": "explaining a grant total close to 28,000€.  The overall costs", "3okB3odXf6M-00365-00226382-00226856": "for the farm equal 3 to 4,000€  because we do not have to invest", "3okB3odXf6M-00366-00226856-00227198": "anymore.  This leads to a net revenue above 20,000€.", "3okB3odXf6M-00367-00227198-00227702": "given the number of working hours,  this corresponds to a hourly net salary close to 8€.", "3okB3odXf6M-00368-00227702-00228140": "In parallel, what we produce and sell", "3okB3odXf6M-00369-00228140-00228653": "corresponds to 12 tons,  over a 4000 m2 production area", "3okB3odXf6M-00370-00228653-00229175": "mobilizing 3,000 working hours.  We hence produce 3 kg of vegetables per m2", "3okB3odXf6M-00371-00229175-00229573": "and 4 kg of vegetables sold per working hour.  These are interesting figures", "3okB3odXf6M-00372-00229573-00229994": "that we rarely see in the literature but are fundamental for us.  These figures can be used to compare our farm", "3okB3odXf6M-00373-00229994-00230569": "with others.  I made a small questionnaire last winter,", "3okB3odXf6M-00374-00230669-00231417": "and in permaculture we have salaries ranging from 5 to 15€  or even more per working hour", "3okB3odXf6M-00375-00231417-00231816": "with investment levels ranging  from 10 to 50.000 €.", "3okB3odXf6M-00376-00231816-00232464": "The viability of our farms is thus theoretically  similar to that of mechanised systems", "3okB3odXf6M-00377-00232464-00232836": "where the production per working hour is higher  but with higher structural costs explaing that the net income", "3okB3odXf6M-00378-00232836-00233348": "is finally similar.  But the risk level with mechanized systems is higher", "3okB3odXf6M-00379-00233348-00233781": "due to the common use of bank loans  and financial investments much heavier than in permaculture.", "3okB3odXf6M-00380-00233781-00234300": "The small farm surface allows to maximize  the efficiency of a model", "3okB3odXf6M-00381-00234300-00234738": "largely based on manual work.  In parallel, land charges are very low.", "3okB3odXf6M-00382-00234738-00235410": "Coupled with mechanization costs low or null,  this explains", "3okB3odXf6M-00383-00235410-00235902": "the interesting net financial outcomes  of these farms.", "3okB3odXf6M-00384-00235902-00236415": "However, a main condition is to have technical skills  required for the production action.", "3okB3odXf6M-00385-00236415-00236921": "This is quite classical in agronomy,  but permaculture projects do not mobilize the same insruments", "3okB3odXf6M-00386-00236921-00237528": "because the right instruments to produce vegetables  will be the good management of interactions", "3okB3odXf6M-00387-00237528-00238152": "within the agroecosystem.  A main dimension for the success of these farms is hence the ecological dimension.", "3okB3odXf6M-00388-00238152-00238929": "To sum up, permaculture requires  socio-economic, financial,", "3okB3odXf6M-00389-00238929-00239515": "and ecological skills.  Gathering them on a same farm determines the farm’s success.  From an economic point of view,", "3okB3odXf6M-00390-00239515-00240042": "to deploy the diversity of activities harbored by these farms,  very diverse legal statuses", "3okB3odXf6M-00391-00240042-00240727": "are used, sometimes inspired by the permaculture design and the ecotone effect.  This generates legal structures", "3okB3odXf6M-00392-00240727-00241405": "that allow a more collective  and more resilient functioning.", "3okB3odXf6M-00393-00241405-00241798": "Permaculture is actually inspiring  for many human organisations.", "3okB3odXf6M-00394-00241798-00242332": "We have here 5 entreprises founders of the project,  and 4 farmers arriving", "3okB3odXf6M-00395-00242332-00242815": "who should establish during the year.  You imagine how many ecotones there are.", "3okB3odXf6M-00396-00242815-00243238": "We have a lot to gain meeting others", "3okB3odXf6M-00397-00243292-00243778": "either for the complementarities  that exist between productions", "3okB3odXf6M-00398-00243778-00244267": "or just from relational reasons.  One can share tools", "3okB3odXf6M-00399-00244267-00244767": "labor resource,  communication with a website for instance,", "3okB3odXf6M-00400-00244767-00245292": "a shop where each of us  will sell its products.", "3okB3odXf6M-00401-00245292-00245955": "All these collective endavours  will be supported by this society (SAS).", "3okB3odXf6M-00402-00245955-00246930": "The legal links between the individual entreprises  and the SAS", "3okB3odXf6M-00403-00246930-00247548": "are based of commercial law,  each of us charging the others as needed.", "3okB3odXf6M-00404-00247548-00248280": "SAS is a form of commercial society  while the individual entreprises are farms.", "3okB3odXf6M-00405-00248280-00248898": "It was for us the simpler way  to implement our agricultural activities.", "3okB3odXf6M-00406-00248898-00249687": "Then, you have the resilence of the whole system.  Indeed, with the newtork of legal entities we established,", "3okB3odXf6M-00407-00249687-00250332": "if one of them collapses,  it does not jeopardize the balance of the whole network.»", "3okB3odXf6M-00408-00250332-00251028": "This is also part of the permaculture design:  we created an innovative structure", "3okB3odXf6M-00409-00251028-00251814": "a bit as a laboratory because it is far  from classical in agriculture.  The idea", "3okB3odXf6M-00410-00251814-00252606": "is to be gathered within a same structure,  while remaining autonomous in our", "3okB3odXf6M-00411-00252606-00253416": "own individual structures.  This is autonomy within a collective endeavour.", "3okB3odXf6M-00412-00253416-00253971": "Our association ‘Le Mat’ was created in 1976 to bear the activities.  We are in charge of education", "3okB3odXf6M-00413-00253971-00254361": "and territorial development.  Then the farm evolved into a civil agricultural society", "3okB3odXf6M-00414-00254361-00254757": "because we wanted this to remain a collective project.  We consider that the farm is a common good of the place", "3okB3odXf6M-00415-00254757-00255234": "and people working here develop their projects  based on this common good.", "3okB3odXf6M-00416-00255234-00255684": "Step by step, we then generated 4 associative structures,  one civil agricultural society", "3okB3odXf6M-00417-00255684-00256233": "18 full time employees,  with close to 800,000€ of turnover.", "3okB3odXf6M-00418-00256233-00256830": "We have hence become a SME.  The farm provides part of the food supply for the host center", "3okB3odXf6M-00419-00256830-00257361": "but it was not sufficient  and we connected to ten farms", "3okB3odXf6M-00420-00257361-00257894": "close to here at the village level or", "3okB3odXf6M-00421-00257894-00258312": "through local farm shops  able to produce all year long.", "3okB3odXf6M-00422-00258312-00258864": "This system is more resilient  and more robust than trying to remain fully autonomous.«", "3okB3odXf6M-00423-00258864-00259629": "We need to adapt the legal models  to social evolutions such as permaculture.", "3okB3odXf6M-00424-00259629-00260304": "The professional choices  made by some young people today", "3okB3odXf6M-00425-00260304-00260931": "is not necessarily to make all their career as farmers  and transfer their farm", "3okB3odXf6M-00426-00260931-00261609": "to their son who also will transfer it to his son.  This is not the model anymore.", "3okB3odXf6M-00427-00261609-00262221": "We now see people deciding to become farmers  after another professional experience", "3okB3odXf6M-00428-00262221-00263070": "when they are 30- or 40-year-old.  They might want to finish their career as farmers,", "3okB3odXf6M-00429-00263070-00263751": "but might want to make this experinece  of permaculture for several years.", "3okB3odXf6M-00430-00263751-00264462": "This requires specific legal tools  adequate to their needs.", "3okB3odXf6M-00431-00264462-00265054": "The objective is to alleviate limitations  and allow these people to live fantastic human adventures", "3okB3odXf6M-00432-00265054-00265594": "with a level of sharing among humans higher  than in many other sectors.", "3okB3odXf6M-00433-00265594-00266473": "The innovation in the projects inspired by permaculture  has different facets", "3okB3odXf6M-00434-00266473-00267109": "according to the experimentations made,  corresponding to different domains such as ecology, agronomy,", "3okB3odXf6M-00435-00267109-00267745": "bioclimatic architecture, design and conception.  All these innovation facets are mixed in projects", "3okB3odXf6M-00436-00267745-00268324": "developed as small laboratories,  testing new approaches to conceive the agricultural space", "3okB3odXf6M-00437-00268324-00269092": "and new techniques to produce without external inputs,  aiming at close and autonomous systems.", "3okB3odXf6M-00438-00269092-00269620": "The vision of this territory planning has been shaped for over 2 centuries,  starting with the creation of the school \"Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées\"", "3okB3odXf6M-00439-00269620-00270331": "when landscape planning was conceived mostly according  to communication and mobility infrastructures.", "3okB3odXf6M-00440-00270331-00270703": "Because these infrastructures are efficient,  it is possible to promote a land sparing,", "3okB3odXf6M-00441-00270703-00271087": "separating functions with houses at one place,  work such as agriculture at another place,", "3okB3odXf6M-00442-00271087-00271885": "and factories elsewhere.  We now see the limits of this model.", "3okB3odXf6M-00443-00271885-00272422": "Only can the relationship between humans and nature  can rebuild a positive way to live on earth.", "3okB3odXf6M-00444-00272422-00272980": "This requires to reconstruct the links bewteen humans", "3okB3odXf6M-00445-00272980-00273673": "and nature including access to food and alimentation,", "3okB3odXf6M-00446-00273673-00274063": "which is a major aspect of the ecological footprint.  Acces to alimentation implies the presence of agricultural systems.", "3okB3odXf6M-00447-00274063-00274864": "To make things change,  one can start by", "3okB3odXf6M-00448-00274864-00275377": "the construction of architectural examples.  This is a school with a cultivated roof", "3okB3odXf6M-00449-00275377-00276058": "that can feed several families.", "3okB3odXf6M-00450-00276058-00276481": "What is at stake is an autonomy for food supply  with firstly an education goal", "3okB3odXf6M-00451-00276481-00276949": "but also an objective to increase resilience in the future.  It is also possible", "3okB3odXf6M-00452-00276949-00277525": "to deploy ecological engineering over the cities and its building,  through a bioclimatic experimentation.", "3okB3odXf6M-00453-00277585-00278101": "We can establish lombricomposteurs on roofs,", "3okB3odXf6M-00454-00278101-00278875": "develop collectors of rainwater:  this is useful for education", "3okB3odXf6M-00455-00278875-00279442": "and we can develop these types of pre-defined tools and models.  But permaculture, on the contrary,", "3okB3odXf6M-00456-00279442-00280066": "is a continuously evolving approach  that adapts to specific, local contexts", "3okB3odXf6M-00457-00280066-00280699": "and that ultimately generates  a higher level of citizenship", "3okB3odXf6M-00458-00280699-00281356": "far beyond small actions of individuals  or small groups.", "3okB3odXf6M-00459-00281356-00282121": "We developed a project on the roofs  of the AgroParisTech school", "3okB3odXf6M-00460-00282121-00282745": "where we wanted to mimick ecosystems,  going beyond a typical biomimicry approach focused on a particular function.", "3okB3odXf6M-00461-00282745-00283405": "Here we wanted to test to what extent a building", "3okB3odXf6M-00462-00283405-00283936": "might resemble a complete ecosystem.", "3okB3odXf6M-00463-00283936-00284329": "For instance, all the wastes from the city  such as compost,", "3okB3odXf6M-00464-00284329-00285025": "household wastes, cardboard, coffee grounds,  even pruning wood could be directly used", "3okB3odXf6M-00465-00285025-00285553": "on the roofs of the buildings,  applying different layers", "3okB3odXf6M-00466-00285553-00286165": "to recreate functional soils which will be the basis  to develop agroecological approaches", "3okB3odXf6M-00467-00286165-00286696": "with, for instance, producive plant species associations", "3okB3odXf6M-00468-00286696-00287203": "on these anthroposols.  We conceive the projects, implement them", "3okB3odXf6M-00469-00287203-00287725": "and also often we exploit them after", "3okB3odXf6M-00470-00287725-00288244": "either directly for a client,", "3okB3odXf6M-00471-00288244-00288846": "acting as service providers  through a contract to manage and produce", "3okB3odXf6M-00472-00288846-00289362": "for the hotel or the restaurant.  We also have more particular projects", "3okB3odXf6M-00473-00289362-00289962": "such as this one,  where we are fully autonomous to exploit and have to find", "3okB3odXf6M-00474-00289962-00290469": "the way to sell our production,  through short urban selling chanels.", "3okB3odXf6M-00475-00290469-00291102": "We have to find new economic models  for these new types of gardens on roofs.»", "3okB3odXf6M-00476-00291102-00292440": "I created a CESU, a society per simplified share,  to create CLAP", "3okB3odXf6M-00477-00292440-00293097": "an entreprise specialized in urban agriculture and ecology,  with the goal", "3okB3odXf6M-00478-00293097-00293601": "to create a first urban farm.  It has been very complicated", "3okB3odXf6M-00479-00293601-00294327": "but I contacted the compagny \"Nature & Découvertes\" who were ready to help me for this project.", "3okB3odXf6M-00480-00294327-00294975": "They paid for the whole project,  provided that the project's business plan", "3okB3odXf6M-00481-00294975-00295692": "includes the payment of a rent to Nature & Découvertes.  I am also paid for this mission", "3okB3odXf6M-00482-00295692-00296331": "without being their employee.  I have 3 years to find", "3okB3odXf6M-00483-00296331-00296898": "a sustainable economic model.  The first step was hence the conception and support to the project design,", "3okB3odXf6M-00484-00296898-00297396": "until March,  even if I already worked as a vegetable producer", "3okB3odXf6M-00485-00297396-00297732": "during two growing seasons.", "3okB3odXf6M-00486-00297732-00298221": "Now I act as a business developer", "3okB3odXf6M-00487-00298221-00298620": "in addition to a vegetable producer,  because I must develop the activity.", "3okB3odXf6M-00488-00298620-00299184": "I have to sell my offers of seminars,  educative workshops,", "3okB3odXf6M-00489-00299184-00299856": "training sessions, etc.  This is required to reach an economic viability for my project.", "3okB3odXf6M-00490-00299856-00300531": "The creation of projects inspired by permaculture  can follow two main trajectories.", "3okB3odXf6M-00491-00300531-00301131": "Either they are created from scratch, including", "3okB3odXf6M-00492-00301131-00301695": "in their very early design  the founding concepts of a systemic approach,", "3okB3odXf6M-00493-00301695-00302217": "making the best use of the the potential of the existing biotope,  trying to improve it in a way favorable to production.", "3okB3odXf6M-00494-00302217-00302754": "Or they build on an existing project that will be improved step by step", "3okB3odXf6M-00495-00302754-00303273": "through new technical modalities and a novel spatial planning,", "3okB3odXf6M-00496-00303273-00303900": "along a trajectory of continuous improvement.  We are here in front of the orchard", "3okB3odXf6M-00497-00303900-00304903": "called ‘the Z project’.  This orchard was planted one year ago.", "3okB3odXf6M-00498-00304903-00305689": "The initial thought was to build an innovative, pesticide-free orchard.  Why using a circular form?", "3okB3odXf6M-00499-00305689-00306193": "This is because it corresponds to the lowest surface  between the orchard and the outside zone.", "3okB3odXf6M-00500-00306193-00307090": "The display represents 9 rows.  The external edge is  an hedge of a high jet", "3okB3odXf6M-00501-00307090-00307810": "which acts as a barrier.  Inside, in blue, you have a row of apple trees with two varieties,", "3okB3odXf6M-00502-00307810-00308314": "acting as trap plants for parasites.", "3okB3odXf6M-00503-00308314-00308965": "Then we have a low row composed of different fruit trees, and", "3okB3odXf6M-00504-00308965-00309643": "a few ornmental species.  Then more inside, we reach", "3okB3odXf6M-00505-00309643-00310297": "the production zone,  with 50% of apple trees (in green),", "3okB3odXf6M-00506-00310297-00311221": "the rest in yellow and purple corresponding to peach and apricot trees.  The whole system is cut in three parts", "3okB3odXf6M-00507-00311221-00311800": "by paths, each third being itself divided in two.  This generates a spiral-like form", "3okB3odXf6M-00508-00311800-00312292": "because each time we arrive on one part  we slightly move inside,", "3okB3odXf6M-00509-00312292-00312988": "until we reach the center of the orchard.", "3okB3odXf6M-00510-00312988-00313723": "This way, each row of apple trees is flanked by peach trees  that also follow", "3okB3odXf6M-00511-00313723-00314413": "the same logic and a similar spiral. We actually seek for", "3okB3odXf6M-00512-00314413-00314956": "systems in equilibrium.  But to reach balance interesting from an agronomic", "3okB3odXf6M-00513-00314956-00315283": "point of view,  it is needed to mobilize the knowledge generated", "3okB3odXf6M-00514-00315283-00315676": "by our colleagues in ecology  about plant-plant interactions in the field,", "3okB3odXf6M-00515-00315676-00316105": "but also – which is super important for agronomy-", "3okB3odXf6M-00516-00316105-00316588": "keeping in mind that there is an objective to produce,  here apples.", "3okB3odXf6M-00517-00316588-00316984": "We hence want to manage all these interactions  and equilibriums.", "3okB3odXf6M-00518-00316984-00317539": "For us, when we talk about environment,  we refer to the environmental conditions within the study plot.", "3okB3odXf6M-00519-00317539-00318085": "Our plot here includes  walnut trees, apple trees,", "3okB3odXf6M-00520-00318085-00318583": "and an herbaceous legume between rows.  In addition, you have the environment around our plot", "3okB3odXf6M-00521-00318583-00319213": "which we want to optimize.  This is achieved by planting species", "3okB3odXf6M-00522-00319213-00319597": "that can attract bioaggressors,", "3okB3odXf6M-00523-00319597-00320059": "auxilary species for crops and natural pest ennemies.", "3okB3odXf6M-00524-00320059-00320749": "We hence conceive a novel agroecosystem", "3okB3odXf6M-00525-00320749-00321349": "that would be as autonomous  as possible while being producive.", "3okB3odXf6M-00526-00321349-00321958": "This is why the agronomic dimension  is important to study", "3okB3odXf6M-00527-00321958-00322573": "in collaboration with ecologists.  These collaboratison allow us to better understand", "3okB3odXf6M-00528-00322573-00323164": "the mechanisms we use empirically  and better use them.»", "3okB3odXf6M-00529-00325187-00326144": "Sometimes, people refer to permaculture as a backtrack,", "3okB3odXf6M-00530-00326144-00326690": "but permaculture is not this at all.  On the contray,", "3okB3odXf6M-00531-00326690-00327251": "it is a mobilization of all previous  and novel knowledge, of all technologies", "3okB3odXf6M-00532-00327251-00327896": "selecting among all those  available today to implement", "3okB3odXf6M-00533-00327896-00328547": "production systems that are diversified,  in that sense maybe more as", "3okB3odXf6M-00534-00328547-00329204": "previous systems were.  But it is not a backtrack but actually a novel high-tech agriculture.", "3okB3odXf6M-00535-00329204-00329918": "This implies even more technical skills  but from a different type than before.", "3okB3odXf6M-00536-00329918-00330488": "The technicity at stake here  are based on in depth knowledge", "3okB3odXf6M-00537-00330488-00331100": "about the functioning of natural systems,  plant-soil interactions,", "3okB3odXf6M-00538-00331100-00331793": "plant-plant interactions, and plant-insects interactions for instance.  Permaculture is deeply anchored in this knowledge", "3okB3odXf6M-00539-00331793-00332489": "but also relies on the effective,  systemic management of these interactions.", "3okB3odXf6M-00540-00332489-00333080": "Permaculture ecosystems developed a long time ago.", "3okB3odXf6M-00541-00333080-00333728": "This vision of such management of nature  to obtain better peforming systems,", "3okB3odXf6M-00542-00333728-00334502": "more resistant and more resilient,  is not mostly theoretical.", "3okB3odXf6M-00543-00334502-00335057": "Previously, humans have made many experimentations like these,", "3okB3odXf6M-00544-00335057-00335920": "acknowledging their potential.  But during the 20th century,", "3okB3odXf6M-00545-00335920-00336508": "many studies have been conducted on all these interactions.", "3okB3odXf6M-00546-00336508-00337315": "The challenge of permaculture currently and in the future  is to go beyond mostly empirical approaches,", "3okB3odXf6M-00547-00337315-00337876": "with huge needs in terms of research,  specialized technical support.", "3okB3odXf6M-00548-00337876-00338575": "If you consider the needs of technical support  for permaculture compared to", "3okB3odXf6M-00549-00338575-00339757": "intensive agriculture,  permaculture that aims at close systems has more challenges to face the specificities", "3okB3odXf6M-00550-00339757-00340543": "of local conditions compared to classical agricultural systems.  We should", "3okB3odXf6M-00551-00340543-00341260": "develop technical institutes in support of permaculture,  rethinking which type of support should be offered", "3okB3odXf6M-00552-00341260-00342073": "to farms that develop their activities  in symbiosis with their local environment", "3okB3odXf6M-00553-00342194-00343070": "in terms of social aspects, soil, climate.  Permaculture fully accepts its dependency on local biological aspects,", "3okB3odXf6M-00554-00343070-00343751": "local soil fertility, etc.  One possibility to improve the suppport", "3okB3odXf6M-00555-00343751-00344315": "by research would be to develop", "3okB3odXf6M-00556-00344315-00345152": "what are called ‘living labs’", "3okB3odXf6M-00557-00345152-00345881": "that mobilize researchers  and technicians to work", "3okB3odXf6M-00558-00345881-00346541": "here on permaculture farms with the local societal actors.  These living labs", "3okB3odXf6M-00559-00346541-00347198": "would allow to further test novel solutions  efficient for permaculture.", "3okB3odXf6M-00560-00347198-00347954": "If we consider permaculture as the basis,  then we have to avoid to let urbanism", "3okB3odXf6M-00561-00347954-00348470": "guide the way we design our spaces.  We should actually place ecological engineering first", "3okB3odXf6M-00562-00348470-00349019": "when conceiving our ecosystems.  The idea is to use", "3okB3odXf6M-00563-00349019-00349640": "previous knowledge mixed with novel knowledge  in particular on plants,", "3okB3odXf6M-00564-00349640-00350525": "revisiting this knowledge  but also ancestral land planning schemes", "3okB3odXf6M-00565-00350525-00351026": "based on scientific bases  to generate virtuous cercles.", "3okB3odXf6M-00566-00351026-00351557": "How architecture and urbanism can be fed  by wind, air and light is", "3okB3odXf6M-00567-00351557-00352028": "one of the most formidable ecological challenge of our time.  Our objective is", "3okB3odXf6M-00568-00352028-00352670": "also to allow this type of open, cultivated space  to improve quality of life", "3okB3odXf6M-00569-00352670-00353234": "of all citizens around,  through a frugal approach.", "3okB3odXf6M-00570-00353234-00353687": "Interestingly,  the ethymology", "3okB3odXf6M-00571-00353687-00354161": "of the term frugality  refers to fruit,", "3okB3odXf6M-00572-00354161-00354842": "to the harvest of fruits produced from earth.  Here, we advocate for a happy frugality", "3okB3odXf6M-00573-00354842-00355193": "which means that the harvest will not", "3okB3odXf6M-00574-00355193-00355750": "harm earth while fulfilling the needs of the harvester.", "3okB3odXf6M-00575-00355750-00356212": "This approach hence relies on a smart relationship to resources  as applied in permaculture", "3okB3odXf6M-00576-00356212-00356860": "and influences our way to implement our actions. There are different", "3okB3odXf6M-00577-00356860-00357556": "visions of the world that coexist  through two manners to envisage alimentation.", "3okB3odXf6M-00578-00357556-00358324": "First, alimentation can be made concrete again,  through the reality of a tree, a plant, an animal", "3okB3odXf6M-00579-00358324-00358981": "corresponding to what I have in my plate.  Alimentation plays a fundamental role", "3okB3odXf6M-00580-00358981-00359542": "to connect us to the rest of the world.  There is a will to rebuilding this connection.", "3okB3odXf6M-00581-00359542-00360115": "It is an individual, social, political will for sure,", "3okB3odXf6M-00582-00360115-00360667": "but it is something deeply anchored in us.  But there is another model", "3okB3odXf6M-00583-00360667-00361348": "that virtualizes aliments  through the industrial sector of alimentation", "3okB3odXf6M-00584-00361348-00362005": "that produces transformed and highly transformed products,  which supresses", "3okB3odXf6M-00585-00362005-00363013": "any meaningful link with nature.  These products are efficient according to some criteria", "3okB3odXf6M-00586-00363013-00364240": "in particular to feed us.   But this physiological efficiency is completely detrimental", "3okB3odXf6M-00587-00364240-00364807": "for the cultural, anthropological efficiency  and my ability", "3okB3odXf6M-00588-00364807-00365686": "to trace back a history, a link between me and nature.  Bringing back this anthropological link", "3okB3odXf6M-00589-00365686-00366310": "in alimentation is a major challenge.  This challenge is not so much to place us again within nature", "3okB3odXf6M-00590-00366310-00366919": "but actually to be ourselves a part of nature,  to accept this fact."}}, {"audio_id": "3oor2K6kfbM", "text": {"3oor2K6kfbM-00000-00000174-00000300": "foreign", "3oor2K6kfbM-00001-00003192-00003252": "foreign", "3oor2K6kfbM-00002-00007223-00007464": "foreign", "3oor2K6kfbM-00003-00010908-00012480": "thank you", "3oor2K6kfbM-00004-00013746-00014082": "foreign", "3oor2K6kfbM-00005-00014268-00014706": "foreign", "3oor2K6kfbM-00006-00019482-00020256": "thank you", "3oor2K6kfbM-00007-00023928-00023958": "foreign", "3oor2K6kfbM-00008-00027624-00027648": "foreign"}}, {"audio_id": "3or7tFvNF2g", "text": {"3or7tFvNF2g-00000-00000002-00000224": "Hello! I'm Jeju guy from JEJU ISLAND", "3or7tFvNF2g-00001-00000224-00000534": "People said AirPods pro noise cancelling is awesome", "3or7tFvNF2g-00002-00000548-00000768": "I really want to how awesome it is", "3or7tFvNF2g-00003-00000784-00001064": "But it's not the proper time to buy brand new one", "3or7tFvNF2g-00004-00001082-00001398": "so I bought a second hand AirPods pro", "3or7tFvNF2g-00005-00001420-00001660": "Fake AirPods is quite similar to real one", "3or7tFvNF2g-00006-00001660-00001964": "I little bit worried this one is a fake Airpods", "3or7tFvNF2g-00007-00001978-00002302": "The box is not fake so It must be real one hopefully", "3or7tFvNF2g-00008-00002320-00002566": "But the problem is", "3or7tFvNF2g-00009-00002580-00002792": "Inside of AirPods is really messy", "3or7tFvNF2g-00010-00002812-00003132": "and there is a lot of metal dust inside : (", "3or7tFvNF2g-00011-00003158-00003454": "Let's remove metal dust on AirPods pro", "3or7tFvNF2g-00012-00003482-00003644": "Let's go with me! YEAH!", "3or7tFvNF2g-00013-00003644-00003982": "(INTRO)", "3or7tFvNF2g-00014-00003982-00004186": "Subscribe Jeju guy plz", "3or7tFvNF2g-00015-00004208-00004592": "It's hard to realize that there is metal dust around us", "3or7tFvNF2g-00016-00004592-00004834": "Whenever I see the metal dust on the AirPods", "3or7tFvNF2g-00017-00004844-00005122": "I realize that there is so much metal dust around us", "3or7tFvNF2g-00018-00005142-00005310": "Without metal dust protection sticker", "3or7tFvNF2g-00019-00005330-00005600": "Your AirPods will be messy like this", "3or7tFvNF2g-00020-00005600-00005852": "I can't understand", "3or7tFvNF2g-00021-00005872-00006160": "why Apple never fix this metal dust problem until now", "3or7tFvNF2g-00022-00006184-00006386": "Tons of people buy AirPods anyway", "3or7tFvNF2g-00023-00006402-00006556": "Metal dust is just little dust for Apple  :<", "3or7tFvNF2g-00024-00006556-00006848": "This one is a cheap make up brush from a dollar shop", "3or7tFvNF2g-00025-00006880-00007134": "Let me remove metal dust with this", "3or7tFvNF2g-00026-00008636-00008860": "Metal dust is strongly attached", "3or7tFvNF2g-00027-00008882-00009160": "It's really hard to remove metal dust with a make up brush", "3or7tFvNF2g-00028-00009370-00009654": "Let's go to the next step", "3or7tFvNF2g-00029-00009680-00010052": "It's the most classic way to remove metal dust", "3or7tFvNF2g-00030-00010078-00010460": "I will use alcohol disinfectant and a cotton swab", "3or7tFvNF2g-00031-00010504-00010736": "Moisten a cotton swab with alcohol disinfectant", "3or7tFvNF2g-00032-00010750-00011012": "Then wipe the inside of AirPods with this", "3or7tFvNF2g-00033-00011048-00011148": "Let's do this", "3or7tFvNF2g-00034-00012670-00012960": "It's quite effective", "3or7tFvNF2g-00035-00012960-00013268": "it's quite clean now", "3or7tFvNF2g-00036-00013268-00013512": "but I can still see some metal dust", "3or7tFvNF2g-00037-00013538-00013832": "Let's go to the next step", "3or7tFvNF2g-00038-00013869-00014116": "This time I will use a blu tack", "3or7tFvNF2g-00039-00014140-00014360": "You can get this from the dollar shop with only 1 dollar", "3or7tFvNF2g-00040-00014384-00014788": "You can remove metal dust with a blu tack", "3or7tFvNF2g-00041-00014806-00014969": "Let's do this", "3or7tFvNF2g-00042-00016764-00016936": "It's really effective . very nice", "3or7tFvNF2g-00043-00016950-00017250": "AirPods is really clean now", "3or7tFvNF2g-00044-00017276-00017544": "Try this. You can Remove metal dust at low cost", "3or7tFvNF2g-00045-00017544-00017732": "It's very economical", "3or7tFvNF2g-00046-00017732-00017874": "I can still see some metal dust OMG", "3or7tFvNF2g-00047-00017888-00018196": "Metal dust need to be scratched with a stationery knife", "3or7tFvNF2g-00048-00018196-00018408": "It's not the best way to remove metal dust . AirPods might get lots of scrathes", "3or7tFvNF2g-00049-00018408-00018578": "Let's do this", "3or7tFvNF2g-00050-00020048-00020302": "All of metal dust is removed", "3or7tFvNF2g-00051-00020306-00020476": "But AirPods got some scratches", "3or7tFvNF2g-00052-00020512-00020638": "Shoud take it", "3or7tFvNF2g-00053-00020664-00020828": "After remove metal dust", "3or7tFvNF2g-00054-00020848-00021046": "Clean up all stain with a magic block", "3or7tFvNF2g-00055-00021332-00021924": "Do not wipe it hardly", "3or7tFvNF2g-00056-00022474-00022804": "Compared to the beginning it's really clean now", "3or7tFvNF2g-00057-00022804-00023156": "It's looks like a brand new one", "3or7tFvNF2g-00058-00023182-00023512": "Never forget to put the dust protection sticker on after cleaning", "3or7tFvNF2g-00059-00023702-00023966": "This AirPods is engraved", "3or7tFvNF2g-00060-00023980-00024106": "Let's remove this", "3or7tFvNF2g-00061-00024164-00024320": "Unfortunately", "3or7tFvNF2g-00062-00024336-00024572": "it's impossible", "3or7tFvNF2g-00063-00024650-00025014": "Lots of people want to remove this", "3or7tFvNF2g-00064-00025014-00025200": "If you really want to remove this engraving", "3or7tFvNF2g-00065-00025220-00025396": "You need to change the AirPods case", "3or7tFvNF2g-00066-00025412-00025550": "There is no way to remove Airpods engraving", "3or7tFvNF2g-00067-00025550-00025722": "It's impossible! Sorry guys", "3or7tFvNF2g-00068-00025770-00026177": "AirPods Case cover is the best way to hide engraving", "3or7tFvNF2g-00069-00026227-00026733": "Subscribe Jeju guy plz", "3or7tFvNF2g-00070-00026733-00026976": "Thanks a lot"}}, {"audio_id": "3oX_Dz9oiI4", "text": {"3oX_Dz9oiI4-00000-00000678-00000861": "Simon: Oh, it's night time.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00001-00000924-00001188": "Simon: Night night night nighty Simon.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00002-00001298-00001650": "Simon: We are in the location of Fremont California.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00003-00001768-00002058": "Simon: Ca, Usa, North America.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00004-00002262-00002372": "Someone: Is it?", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00005-00002476-00002980": "Simon: I'm pretty sure it's Fremont according to my GPS accuracy detector.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00006-00003096-00003374": "U turn Hmm", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00007-00003515-00003876": "Simon: I wonder where Yoshi went? I think I woke up...", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00008-00003876-00004018": "Simon: Is this a dream?", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00009-00004026-00004444": "Simon: It seems very like it. Hmm.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00010-00004444-00004864": "Simon: I thought I was in Red Flag City in Yoshi's Island. Apparently I'm not.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00011-00004908-00005330": "Simon: I wonder what will happen? I think I'm lost in a paradox.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00012-00005414-00005606": "Simon: Ah, I think I got to go.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00013-00005686-00006042": "Simon: I think the phone has some issues, so...", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00014-00006494-00006694": "Simon: Mayday mayday mayday.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00015-00007142-00007422": "Simon: Hmm, this place is so interesting.", "3oX_Dz9oiI4-00016-00007940-00008190": "Simon: Simon, I'm out for today."}}, {"audio_id": "30nfG5ndLFI", "text": {"30nfG5ndLFI-00000-00000000-00000327": "Disclaimer: This video was uploaded yesterday, \"Hang-soon-joong-saeng-won: How to truly love one's neighbor\". This video explains how to meet the truth without the delusion of discrimination. Please refer to yesterday's video for a full Dharma Talk  on this topic.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00001-00000328-00000864": "Every single moment without a break, I'm going to do the best I can to give donation and help them.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00002-00000864-00001432": "As it says here, I'm willing to be a help for the sick,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00003-00001432-00001755": "to give a hand for the lost, so they find a right way,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00004-00001755-00002118": "to be a light for those on a dark night,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00005-00002130-00002750": "to be a help for the poor, so they can rehabilitate themselves to live better than now.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00006-00002750-00003114": "You don't have to be obsessed when you do this.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00007-00003114-00003436": "It's always about \"as much as you can without an attachment.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00008-00003436-00003729": "There is no need to be attached to the notion.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00009-00003729-00004047": "When there is a notion of \"self\" as in \"you\" and \"I\",", "30nfG5ndLFI-00010-00004047-00004326": "\"attachment\" also arises in your mind.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00011-00004326-00004592": "\"I have to help him to be on a better track.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00012-00004592-00004818": "There's \"non-self\" here.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00013-00004818-00005004": "There is no individual entity here.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00014-00005004-00005436": "You can create a situation of \"hating someone\" if you believe in the notion of \"self\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00015-00005436-00005688": "There is no one in the world to hate.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00016-00005688-00006050": "There is only inter-be,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00017-00006050-00006526": "the foreground of the law.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00018-00006526-00006872": "There's no you, no I, no discrimination; they are one.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00019-00006872-00007142": "You need to experience that", "30nfG5ndLFI-00020-00007142-00007334": "through \"practice!\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00021-00007334-00007595": "How do you experience it?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00022-00007595-00008034": "You are actually experiencing it every moment.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00023-00008044-00008596": "\"Non-self\" is experienced for each moment.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00024-00008664-00009168": "It's happening right in front of your eyes.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00025-00009168-00010054": "You have a habit energy to cover up the truth of \"non-self\" with your thoughts.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00026-00010312-00010568": "As soon as you see something;", "30nfG5ndLFI-00027-00010610-00010752": "or me", "30nfG5ndLFI-00028-00010752-00011012": "or the people in the world,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00029-00011012-00011244": "\"I am here, and you are there.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00030-00011244-00011402": "\"You called me 'names'.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00031-00011402-00011602": "\"He called me 'names'.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00032-00011612-00012156": "\"The person right there attacked me verbally.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00033-00012166-00012366": "\"I am hurt.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00034-00012366-00012616": "\"He's a bad guy.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00035-00012616-00013091": "We would have interpretations like that with our thoughts.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00036-00013091-00013350": "However,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00037-00013350-00013668": "Let's try to look at it as it is,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00038-00013668-00013986": "I need you to experience this.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00039-00014026-00014418": "Suppose someone called me names.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00040-00014418-00014813": "\"He insulted me.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00041-00014813-00015122": "It's an interpreted thought.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00042-00015122-00015480": "If you follow your thoughts,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00043-00015480-00015988": "you start wondering, \"What if the others call me names behind my back?\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00044-00015988-00016440": "\"He has been hating me for more than ten years.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00045-00016440-00016842": "\"If l leave him as he is, he will destroy me someday.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00046-00016842-00017190": "\"I should just wipe him out when I have a chance.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00047-00017190-00017464": "You start to suffer from all kinds of imaginations.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00048-00017464-00017716": "It's a figment of one's mind.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00049-00017718-00018110": "To see things as they are,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00050-00018110-00018756": "remove your thoughts and interpretation!", "30nfG5ndLFI-00051-00018756-00019344": "To know this object as 'Jookbie', your thoughts need to get involved.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00052-00019344-00019648": "To know 'this person',", "30nfG5ndLFI-00053-00019648-00019934": "for instance, 'This person is female or male',", "30nfG5ndLFI-00054-00019934-00020060": "'I am close to him or her.'", "30nfG5ndLFI-00055-00020060-00020178": "'These are parents.'", "30nfG5ndLFI-00056-00020178-00020290": "'These are kids.'", "30nfG5ndLFI-00057-00020294-00020450": "'close buddies.'", "30nfG5ndLFI-00058-00020454-00020592": "'not so close friends.'", "30nfG5ndLFI-00059-00020592-00020882": "These are all thoughts.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00060-00020884-00021100": "After removing your thoughts,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00061-00021122-00021364": "\"What is this?\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00062-00021364-00021636": "That is also a thought.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00063-00021706-00021958": "Naming someone as \"You\" also a thought.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00064-00021958-00022372": "\"You are you and I am me\" is a thought.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00065-00022372-00022634": "Remove all those thoughts and", "30nfG5ndLFI-00066-00022634-00022864": "What's left?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00067-00022864-00023252": "The sound, which was \"You piece of untalented douche!\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00068-00023252-00023586": "When the sound reached you,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00069-00023586-00024178": "the idea that the person called you names STEMMED from your OWN thought.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00070-00024178-00024520": "The REALITY is some sound just reached your ears.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00071-00024520-00024960": "Nothing really TOUCHED your ears, \"not even calling you names\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00072-00024960-00025268": "\"He called me names\" is a thought.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00073-00025270-00025677": "\"That person\", \"me\", and \"calling me names\" are ALL THOUGHTS.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00074-00025677-00026414": "The ONLY truth is that you have 'ACKNOWLEDGED the sound wave'.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00075-00026414-00026877": "You've 'NOTICED' the sound.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00076-00026886-00027438": "The notice occurs INVOLUNTARILY.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00077-00027438-00028033": "'YOU' didn't actually 'HEAR' the sound.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00078-00028033-00028354": "It WAS 'HEARD'.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00079-00028354-00028612": "You DIDN'T hear it.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00080-00028612-00029133": "\"I\" have heard \"that\" is a \"thought\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00081-00029133-00029470": "Absence of separate self such as", "30nfG5ndLFI-00082-00029470-00029618": "\"You\",", "30nfG5ndLFI-00083-00029618-00029730": "\"I\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00084-00029730-00029854": "\"Jookbie\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00085-00029874-00030072": "All is left,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00086-00030072-00030272": "in reality,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00087-00030282-00030906": "This is it! ('it' refers to the sound of jookbie itself)", "30nfG5ndLFI-00088-00030922-00031277": "If I must put this situation into words,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00089-00031277-00031508": "It's heard INVOLUNTARILY.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00090-00031508-00031724": "The interpretation is unnecessary.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00091-00031774-00032318": "If you follow the meaning of  \"You piece of untalented douche!\",", "30nfG5ndLFI-00092-00032318-00032618": "you start to make discrimination.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00093-00032618-00033024": "By interpreting \"I am untalented\", you start to feel OVERWHELMINGLY sad.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00094-00033024-00033332": "Other than sound waves were heard,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00095-00033332-00033586": "you WOULD FOLLOW the concept of words,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00096-00033586-00033870": "although there is no need.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00097-00033870-00034182": "Is there good or bad in a sound?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00098-00034182-00034358": "The first place is", "30nfG5ndLFI-00099-00034358-00034600": "'You heard the sound involuntarily'.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00100-00034600-00035006": "Rather than staying at the first place, you go straight to the second place, which is,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00101-00035006-00035234": "\"That f***douche just called me names.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00102-00035234-00035546": "You expanded the sound into the second place following with", "30nfG5ndLFI-00103-00035546-00035744": "'believing in your thought'.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00104-00035744-00036128": "We suffer because we’re caught in the idea of a separate self.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00105-00036128-00036384": "He didn't actually torment you,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00106-00036384-00036664": "but you created the image in you.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00107-00036664-00036918": "I made myself suffer.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00108-00036920-00037210": "What is the true nature of things and events?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00109-00037210-00037834": "All phenomena that we experience have no inherent nature by themselves; even the hearing.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00110-00037840-00039036": "Nothing we see or hear (or are) stands alone: There is something that recognizing the hearing.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00111-00039036-00039322": "Seeing is also 'being recognized'.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00112-00039324-00039524": "'It's good or bad' is your interpretation.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00113-00039530-00040144": "Things do not exist the way our grasping self supposes they do including \"seeing\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00114-00040144-00040544": "There is \"inappropriate attention\" in you,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00115-00040544-00040968": "because you are easily swept away from the present moment", "30nfG5ndLFI-00116-00040968-00041258": "to dwell in a place of suffering.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00117-00041258-00041524": "For instance, You are already married and desire for", "30nfG5ndLFI-00118-00041524-00041792": "another gorgeous him or her.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00119-00041792-00041956": "Then you go,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00120-00041956-00042280": "\"Am I that kind of person?\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00121-00042282-00042664": "There is a sense of guilt in you.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00122-00042690-00043046": "ALL your thoughts created them.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00123-00043080-00043292": "The thoughts are not \"you\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00124-00043292-00043776": "Because the thoughts are coming from your brain, so you think they are yours.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00125-00043776-00044080": "\"If I think something bad, that makes me a bad person,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00126-00044080-00044284": "a shameless person.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00127-00044328-00044526": "That's not true!", "30nfG5ndLFI-00128-00044526-00044902": "Thoughts are JUST thoughts.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00129-00044902-00045202": "It's branded as if it's REAL.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00130-00045202-00045994": "Thoughts are invisible wavelengths just like they can be sprung up and disappeared.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00131-00045994-00046458": "That's the whole thing about thoughts.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00132-00046458-00046752": "Do you know how thoughts are created?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00133-00046752-00047106": "The bad thought is not created because you are a bad person.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00134-00047106-00047560": "Thoughts are created by the situation, AKA, Dependent Arising!", "30nfG5ndLFI-00135-00047572-00047942": "Someone starts to heckle you,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00136-00047964-00048424": "angry thoughts are sprung up,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00137-00048428-00048714": "following with a potential reaction.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00138-00048714-00048970": "It's not that I am a bad person, but", "30nfG5ndLFI-00139-00048970-00049234": "a combination of dependent arising and", "30nfG5ndLFI-00140-00049234-00049608": "personal habit-energy generates one's thoughts.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00141-00049608-00049904": "A person with frequent anger habit-energy", "30nfG5ndLFI-00142-00049904-00050222": "might call someone names or swear much more often than", "30nfG5ndLFI-00143-00050222-00050546": "a person with less anger habit-energy.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00144-00050552-00050982": "Anyone can get angry when a condition is right.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00145-00050982-00051416": "We don't realize that it's the situation of dependent arising, INSTEAD,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00146-00051416-00051644": "\"I am the bad guy here since I got angry.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00147-00051644-00051986": "You define yourself and think of it as the conscious \"I\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00148-00052000-00052194": "\"I am easy-going.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00149-00052194-00052416": "\"I am not easy-going.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00150-00052420-00052867": "These are delusional thoughts created by the conscious \"I\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00151-00052867-00053352": "We live in dependent arising.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00152-00053402-00054004": "“Emptiness of essence,” which means that phenomena that we experience have no inherent nature by themselves.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00153-00054004-00054310": "There is no self here.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00154-00054384-00054996": "Buddha didn't say when you reach enlightenment, then you will become 'non-self' involuntarily.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00155-00054996-00055752": "It's not that we (Sattva) cannot help but being the conscious \"I\". In fact, we cannot experience  the conscious \"I\" for every moment, instead,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00156-00055752-00056191": "our thoughts go straight to the idea of \"self\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00157-00056205-00056755": "There is no \"I\" heard the sound.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00158-00056755-00057232": "If you hear this sound with no-thoughts,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00159-00057232-00057758": "Is the conscious \"You\" there to listen?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00160-00057758-00058054": "It doesn't work that way.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00161-00058054-00058466": "For example, \"I heard him saying bad things about me.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00162-00058466-00058814": "There are three entities: I, him, and saying bad things.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00163-00058864-00059136": "\"Hey, you douchebag!\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00164-00059190-00059420": "You hear this sound of Jookbie,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00165-00059420-00059660": "The only entity is the sound.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00166-00059686-00060028": "\"'I' heard the sound\" is your thought.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00167-00060028-00060402": "What do you actually experience?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00168-00060402-00060584": "The sound entity.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00169-00060584-00060848": "\"I\" and \"hearing\" entity are undivided:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00170-00060848-00061008": "non-duality.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00171-00061008-00061302": "In Buddhist term, \"Sib-ee-chu-ga-gong-ha-da\":", "30nfG5ndLFI-00172-00061310-00061528": "\"Sib-ee-chu (the 12 links)\" appears as dependent arising.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00173-00061534-00061778": "An object is seen by eyes.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00174-00061778-00062084": "When an object is there, an eye is confirmed.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00175-00062084-00062340": "\"An object\" and \"eyes\" are not two separated beings:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00176-00062340-00062510": "no objects, no eyes.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00177-00062510-00062888": "\"If this exists, that exists; if this ceases to exist, that also ceases to exist\":", "30nfG5ndLFI-00178-00062888-00063170": "No discrimination; they are one.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00179-00063170-00063446": "Eyes and objects are not separated,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00180-00063446-00063738": "but only one as \"seeing\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00181-00063808-00064348": "Our habit energy tells us that there are independent objects and independent subjects.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00182-00064348-00064974": "Although I let people know the true nature of things and events: nothing we see or hear (or are) stands alone,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00183-00064974-00065340": "People go \"hmm, maybe ...?\", however,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00184-00065340-00066066": "People go with their habit energy in the end, which is \"There is you, I, yes discrimination; we are not one.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00185-00066146-00066378": "The wisdom of nondiscrimination is", "30nfG5ndLFI-00186-00066378-00066790": "not being caught in the idea of a separate self, but simply", "30nfG5ndLFI-00187-00066858-00067006": "\"doing it\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00188-00067006-00067120": "\"hearing it\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00189-00067126-00067236": "\"seeing it\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00190-00067236-00067374": "\"thoughts arise\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00191-00067406-00067638": "There is no need for", "30nfG5ndLFI-00192-00067638-00067968": "interpretation, judgement, and discrimination", "30nfG5ndLFI-00193-00067968-00068168": "other than simply observing", "30nfG5ndLFI-00194-00068168-00068316": "\"arising\" and", "30nfG5ndLFI-00195-00068316-00068486": "\"disappearing\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00196-00068488-00069126": "Pratītyasamutpāda: if this exists, that exists; if this ceases to exist, that also ceases to exist\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00197-00069126-00069546": "Everything in this world is a phenomenon that lasts an instant; it is impermanent.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00198-00069560-00070214": "When certain conditions are present, they give rise to subsequent conditions, which, in turn, give rise to other conditions.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00199-00070214-00070694": "All phenomena in their own-being are empty:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00200-00070694-00070886": "Mooah or Gong.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00201-00070886-00071652": "Nothing is permanent, because everything is a result of \"dependent origination\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00202-00071652-00072258": "We expect happiness from states and things which are impermanent, and therefore cannot attain real happiness.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00203-00072258-00072708": "The true nature of things and events occur and disappear accordingly.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00204-00072714-00073114": "If you are 'born', there is 'death'.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00205-00073128-00073496": "This jookbie was 'created' and it will be 'gone' one day.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00206-00073496-00073878": "This piece of paper is here now and it will be gone one day.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00207-00073878-00074078": "There is no need to feel sad", "30nfG5ndLFI-00208-00074078-00074472": "as long as we are MINDFUL about it.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00209-00074472-00075042": "The true nature of things and events occur and disappear accordingly.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00210-00075042-00075230": "We, Sattva, believe that", "30nfG5ndLFI-00211-00075230-00075422": "\"Something was created\",", "30nfG5ndLFI-00212-00075422-00075594": "\"Something disappeared\",", "30nfG5ndLFI-00213-00075594-00075756": "\"Just had money\", so", "30nfG5ndLFI-00214-00075756-00075876": "\"Happy for now\",", "30nfG5ndLFI-00215-00075876-00076008": "and \"Money is gone\",", "30nfG5ndLFI-00216-00076008-00076166": "\"I am unhappy!\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00217-00076170-00076922": "We grasp after things thinking they are fixed, substantial, real, and capable of being possessed by ego,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00218-00076922-00077368": "which leads to suffering.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00219-00077394-00077682": "We can see through this illusion and realize that", "30nfG5ndLFI-00220-00077682-00077890": "all phenomena in their own-being are empty:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00221-00077890-00078004": "hearing,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00222-00078004-00078124": "seeing,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00223-00078124-00078240": "touching,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00224-00078240-00078324": "and more.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00225-00078324-00078538": "This is the true nature of things.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00226-00078570-00078968": "Our body is also included in fundamental emptiness,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00227-00078978-00079222": "I am included there.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00228-00079222-00079412": "You recognize this?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00229-00079412-00079638": "It's an entity.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00230-00079638-00079872": "This body as well.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00231-00079872-00080084": "It's an entity.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00232-00080084-00080334": "You can see this body, right?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00233-00080334-00080596": "You can notice your sense,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00234-00080596-00080754": "thoughts,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00235-00080754-00080912": "willingness, and", "30nfG5ndLFI-00236-00080912-00081084": "intentions.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00237-00081084-00081710": "No individual person or thing has any permanent, fixed identity,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00238-00081710-00081918": "because", "30nfG5ndLFI-00239-00081918-00082216": "it cannot be", "30nfG5ndLFI-00240-00082216-00082492": "\"you.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00241-00082640-00083156": "I am here because the other entity is also here to recognize me.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00242-00083156-00083748": "In one you can see the other two.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00243-00083748-00084056": "You see the body, right?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00244-00084056-00084496": "It means it's separated; to be seen and seeing.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00245-00084584-00084886": "Once separated, It's not you:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00246-00084886-00085104": "\"Once seen\" is not you,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00247-00085104-00085290": "\"Once noticed\" is not you,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00248-00085290-00085446": "thoughts, sense, feeling,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00249-00085446-00085578": "emotion, and", "30nfG5ndLFI-00250-00085578-00085754": "body.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00251-00085754-00085948": "None of them are \"you\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00252-00086266-00086466": "Suppose", "30nfG5ndLFI-00253-00086466-00086812": "there is only one mind", "30nfG5ndLFI-00254-00086812-00087364": "in this cosmos.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00255-00087500-00087766": "Let's say that there is only one ocean.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00256-00087776-00088188": "All kinds of things and phenomena in the cosmos are, let's say, waves.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00257-00088188-00088388": "There is only the ocean.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00258-00088532-00088818": "Will the ocean know that it is an ocean?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00259-00088850-00089172": "Can an eye see an eye?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00260-00089172-00089472": "Eyes can see everything but the eyes.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00261-00089472-00089836": "Because all the objects the eyes see are not eyes.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00262-00089836-00090188": "Eyes cannot see themselves;", "30nfG5ndLFI-00263-00090188-00090544": "one cannot see one,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00264-00090554-00090804": "I cannot see myself.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00265-00090828-00091672": "Suppose this whole universe is one.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00266-00091772-00092408": "There is something that notices there is only one in this universe.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00267-00092408-00092656": "Is the universe still one?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00268-00092656-00093176": "There is one recognizing the other one:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00269-00093176-00093492": "That makes \"two\" in this universe.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00270-00093506-00093988": "If there is actually just one, there should be \"the one who recognizes the one\":", "30nfG5ndLFI-00271-00094050-00094250": "Then it's one in this universe.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00272-00094348-00094658": "I cannot be recognized", "30nfG5ndLFI-00273-00094658-00094930": "as \"self\" entity.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00274-00095284-00095484": "This 'body' is not 'you',", "30nfG5ndLFI-00275-00095486-00095716": "because it's being recognized as an\"entity\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00276-00095730-00096262": "'Thoughts' and 'feelings' are being recognized as well.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00277-00096312-00096576": "Like this object, jookbie, is also", "30nfG5ndLFI-00278-00096576-00096786": "being recognized.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00279-00096786-00097106": "There are no independent objects and independent subjects.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00280-00097126-00097330": "All of them are being recognized, if so,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00281-00097336-00097594": "What is recognizing them?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00282-00097618-00097842": "Your body, feelings, thoughts,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00283-00097842-00097946": "concepts,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00284-00097946-00098072": "others,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00285-00098076-00098464": "and everything else in this universe are being recognized by something.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00286-00098464-00098704": "Something is seeing them,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00287-00098704-00098860": "hearing them.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00288-00098860-00099122": "It's not your body seeing or hearing them.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00289-00099160-00099592": "Body is being seen, not seeing them", "30nfG5ndLFI-00290-00099592-00099840": "like \"being mindful\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00291-00099860-00100426": "There are several ways to express this as Gong-juk-young-ji:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00292-00100426-00101002": "The true nature of things and events are empty, but it's being recognized somehow.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00293-00101012-00102132": "or Jin-gong-myo-you: All phenomena in their own-being are empty, but it's oddly being recognized.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00294-00102146-00102474": "Vipassanā refers it as \"insight\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00295-00102480-00102990": "Hinduism in india refers it as \"Pure Consciousness\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00296-00102990-00103435": "Some refers it as \"Pure Knowing\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00297-00103514-00103928": "Others say, \"There is no such thing,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00298-00103928-00104498": "so all you have to do is to be aware of true nature of things and events:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00299-00104498-00104761": "take it as it is.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00300-00104983-00105202": "Think about this:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00301-00105202-00105670": "Something is aware of your senses in the body.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00302-00105716-00106024": "There is a thought arising, then something is aware of that and", "30nfG5ndLFI-00303-00106030-00106300": "your feelings and emotions. For instance,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00304-00106300-00106748": "When somebody frowns at others' immorality, then something is aware of the frowns.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00305-00106782-00107350": "A Buddhist Monk, Inje (I), asked a question to a senior monk (S), \"What is the Buddha and the true nature of things and events?\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00306-00107422-00107676": "S: \"The one who listens to a Dharma talk is the truth and the Buddha. Let me ask you,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00307-00107676-00107935": "What is listening to a Dharma talk?\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00308-00108054-00108356": "I: \"I absolutely have no idea.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00309-00108356-00108611": "S: \"Not-knowing is the answer.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00310-00108666-00109250": "We need to open ourselves to the reality of flux and fluidity that is ultimately ungraspable and inconceivable.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00311-00109558-00109794": "There is no shape,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00312-00109794-00109959": "no color,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00313-00109959-00110159": "no figure.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00314-00110172-00110742": "It does not seem like it's a part of body.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00315-00110742-00110935": "It's simply inter-being.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00316-00110990-00111320": "Can you discover the true nature of things and events through our eyes?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00317-00111320-00111658": "\"Gyung-sung\" means \"Seeing who you are as a person.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00318-00111658-00111970": "\"Seeing\" here means not literally seeing with your eyes because", "30nfG5ndLFI-00319-00111970-00112226": "to see, there should be two entities, not one.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00320-00112226-00112592": "That's why Gae-hap is used because of the texture of the word:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00321-00112592-00112858": "It's collected as one.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00322-00112878-00113244": "The true enlightenment is becoming one:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00323-00113244-00113459": "\"This\" sees \"that\" is not.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00324-00113478-00113972": "That's why \"Gyung-sung\" is used in this way: \"Dhamma\" sees \"Dhamma\", \"Buddha\" sees \"Buddha\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00325-00113985-00114694": "That's why we cannot see things and events the way we are used to with Gyung-sung,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00326-00114742-00115216": "or the way we are used to understand things and events with our brain.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00327-00115285-00115958": "There is no way to meet the true nature of things and events through our \"sense base\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00328-00116194-00116635": "Just like your dream at night:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00329-00116635-00116954": "You appear in a dream,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00330-00116954-00117248": "so does a whole universe.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00331-00117520-00118048": "Does this reality exist in your dream?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00332-00118118-00118318": "The answer is \"no\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00333-00118383-00118709": "This reality doesn't exist while you are asleep.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00334-00118726-00118942": "You think that it does though.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00335-00118982-00119254": "\"I come back to this reality after I am awake\",", "30nfG5ndLFI-00336-00119254-00119656": "so you think this reality exists even during your sleep.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00337-00119656-00119996": "I am fully aware that you do not comprehend this, however,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00338-00120054-00120668": "Have you actually experienced this reality when you were sleeping?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00339-00120668-00121033": "The answer is \"no\".", "30nfG5ndLFI-00340-00121178-00121494": "Suppose this world is happening in your dream:", "30nfG5ndLFI-00341-00121494-00121935": "I, You, and We are all there,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00342-00122124-00122518": "You ARE the Buddha and the rest of people,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00343-00122518-00122890": "since there is only you.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00344-00122890-00123264": "Your pure consciousness runs this dream.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00345-00123264-00123620": "Your mind has created this dream.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00346-00123644-00124011": "Do you think a character in your dream is acting on his own?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00347-00124011-00124328": "He's not acting alone. For example,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00348-00124328-00124830": "It's your mind controls everyone,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00349-00124830-00125026": "builds a building,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00350-00125026-00125166": "gets on a spaceship.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00351-00125208-00125690": "The waves on the ocean is also coming from your mind.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00352-00125700-00125992": "Everything comes from your mind.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00353-00126080-00126652": "This whole cosmos was created by one single consciousness.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00354-00126652-00127024": "One Buddha (one single consciousness) runs this cosmos.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00355-00127024-00127408": "You say all that to the person who is dreaming in his sleep. Do you think he can understand the reality he's in?", "30nfG5ndLFI-00356-00127408-00127580": "Of course not, instead, he will say,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00357-00127582-00127824": "\"What are you talking about?\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00358-00127824-00127988": "\"He's acting all on his own.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00359-00127988-00128135": "\"I live with my own will.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00360-00128146-00128346": "\"The plane also flies in the sky.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00361-00128346-00128542": "\"It's managed by a company.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00362-00128542-00128742": "\"What are you talking about?\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00363-00128742-00128938": "\"It's non-sense.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00364-00128938-00129166": "Once he's awake,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00365-00129192-00129592": "he will realize that it was a dream all on his own.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00366-00129594-00129858": "It's not that hard to be enlightened.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00367-00129858-00130183": "You are looking back your dream from last night,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00368-00130183-00130500": "it was all illusion in your dream.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00369-00130526-00130898": "You thought that 'He and I were separated entity' in the dream.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00370-00130926-00131280": "This one single awareness and consciousness", "30nfG5ndLFI-00371-00131280-00131428": "sees that", "30nfG5ndLFI-00372-00131428-00131842": "You and I are one, not two.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00373-00131902-00132410": "My own consciousness created the dream and", "30nfG5ndLFI-00374-00132410-00132792": "You realize that it's the truth after you are awake", "30nfG5ndLFI-00375-00132792-00133188": "unlike while you were dreaming.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00376-00133344-00133894": "This reality is as same as the dream.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00377-00134110-00134932": "Like I mentioned earlier whether this dream of reality is called, insight or pure knowing,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00378-00135096-00135690": "it is where you see everything and unfolds this whole universe.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00379-00135690-00135932": "For instance, An atmosphere", "30nfG5ndLFI-00380-00135932-00136130": "runs all kinds of things and", "30nfG5ndLFI-00381-00136130-00136394": "phenomena in the cosmos as a substitute.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00382-00136396-00136756": "Just like our own consciousness creates our dream,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00383-00136756-00137108": "then the dream disappears after we are awake.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00384-00137342-00138066": "You may not be able to understand today's teaching,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00385-00138402-00138736": "in the strict sense,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00386-00138750-00139038": "\"It sounds absurd.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00387-00139038-00139718": "Because the world that we created is so solid in our thoughts,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00388-00139762-00140326": "People say, \"I don't get it.\"", "30nfG5ndLFI-00389-00140326-00141020": "We need to be UNDERSTOOD to be SATISFIED.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00390-00141184-00141652": "So you have to experience it for yourself;", "30nfG5ndLFI-00391-00141846-00142588": "whether this sound is really coming from the outside,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00392-00142638-00143240": "whether the sound and I are separated,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00393-00143342-00143582": "or not-separated.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00394-00143586-00143958": "With mindful practice,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00395-00143958-00144284": "insight will come.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00396-00144320-00145046": "Just let the noise around home be,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00397-00145102-00145502": "even your thoughts;", "30nfG5ndLFI-00398-00145600-00145996": "feelings, sensations;", "30nfG5ndLFI-00399-00145996-00146496": "and every thing be,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00400-00146576-00146962": "you are there as an observer", "30nfG5ndLFI-00401-00146962-00147196": "silently.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00402-00147368-00147736": "You realize, then, this noise comes and goes,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00403-00147740-00148006": "everything comes and goes,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00404-00148104-00148532": "there is nothing to be obsessed about!", "30nfG5ndLFI-00405-00148916-00149192": "To go furthermore,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00406-00149192-00149410": "once removed the whole thoughts;", "30nfG5ndLFI-00407-00149544-00150000": "what comes and goes is all,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00408-00150028-00150298": "Hearing is all;", "30nfG5ndLFI-00409-00150298-00150544": "Hearing and I are not separated,", "30nfG5ndLFI-00410-00150544-00150824": "Hearing itself is me;", "30nfG5ndLFI-00411-00150824-00151216": "When birds chirp and fly away, that's also me;", "30nfG5ndLFI-00412-00151216-00151416": "It's not separated as two.", "30nfG5ndLFI-00413-00151610-00151848": "You will realize that", "30nfG5ndLFI-00414-00151848-00152180": "every thing is one."}}, {"audio_id": "30xPxrOzz50", "text": {"30xPxrOzz50-00000-00000050-00006700": "Jai Shree Shyam"}}, {"audio_id": "30Cv5rVldYA", "text": {"30Cv5rVldYA-00000-00000006-00000890": "Hi everyone! Today we gonna look at our new development. It's a new plugin for", "30Cv5rVldYA-00001-00000890-00002400": "QGIS called OSMinfo. Actually it's been around for a while now and we", "30Cv5rVldYA-00002-00002400-00003225": "introduce one very important new feature of this plug-in that allows you", "30Cv5rVldYA-00003-00003225-00003887": "to quickly extract information from OpenStreetMap database.", "30Cv5rVldYA-00004-00003887-00004926": "In a nutshell OSMInfo is single tool that", "30Cv5rVldYA-00005-00004926-00005742": "gives you an ability to click anywhere on earth and extract information from", "30Cv5rVldYA-00006-00005742-00006548": "OpenStreetMap. So you can for example zoom in somewhere ...", "30Cv5rVldYA-00007-00006548-00007158": "As you can see you just have a base map layer right now", "30Cv5rVldYA-00008-00007158-00008150": "which is a raster, so no vectors here. But you can click anywhere and what", "30Cv5rVldYA-00009-00008150-00008913": "does it sends overpass API request to and extract", "30Cv5rVldYA-00010-00008913-00009800": "information around this point. It gives you two part result sections. One is the", "30Cv5rVldYA-00011-00009800-00010361": "nearby features and one is features that encompass the point of click.", "30Cv5rVldYA-00012-00010361-00010896": "So here it shows me that there is a cemetery, we can", "30Cv5rVldYA-00013-00010896-00011393": "unfold and look at all the information about the cemetery and then it is", "30Cv5rVldYA-00014-00011393-00012293": "located within Kansas City, it is also located within Jackson County, Missouri", "30Cv5rVldYA-00015-00012293-00013130": "State and finally it is part of United States of America.", "30Cv5rVldYA-00016-00013311-00014331": "Now the important feature in the latest version it the ability to actually save the", "30Cv5rVldYA-00017-00014331-00015159": "data. So we clicked somewhere, we get this information from OSM, but now", "30Cv5rVldYA-00018-00015159-00015861": "it's just a highlight, no new layers. With a new version we", "30Cv5rVldYA-00019-00015861-00016448": "can just say 'save it as a temporary layer' and here's our vector", "30Cv5rVldYA-00020-00016448-00017202": "right away you can open it's table and see all these attributes and if you", "30Cv5rVldYA-00021-00017202-00017891": "need a boundary of a County just say 'save as a temporary layer' and there you go", "30Cv5rVldYA-00022-00017891-00018519": "other attributes and then let's say I wanted the boundaries of", "30Cv5rVldYA-00023-00018519-00019368": "Missouri State, save as a temporary layer and finally how", "30Cv5rVldYA-00024-00019368-00020118": "about current version of boundaries of all United States with all the territories", "30Cv5rVldYA-00025-00020118-00021279": "and multi polygons and rings etc save a temporary layer and it works! So we now", "30Cv5rVldYA-00026-00021279-00022539": "have all our features extracted with just really a single click.", "30Cv5rVldYA-00027-00022539-00023091": "Let's try something else, let's say you have some satellite imagery and", "30Cv5rVldYA-00028-00023091-00023585": "you're doing a geography class and you're wondering what kind of", "30Cv5rVldYA-00029-00023585-00024150": "water body is that. And you realy have just a satellite", "30Cv5rVldYA-00030-00024150-00024687": "imagery so there is no labels here or  anything, you click and there you go.", "30Cv5rVldYA-00031-00024687-00025512": "OSMInfo to the rescue, you just click here on this mysterious object and it", "30Cv5rVldYA-00032-00025512-00026169": "says what it is, you can see all the information about it and with a new", "30Cv5rVldYA-00033-00026169-00026739": "version you can save it as a temporary as a temporary vector layer and use it", "30Cv5rVldYA-00034-00026739-00027599": "in your GIS doing everything you can with these vector data.", "30Cv5rVldYA-00035-00027599-00028427": "I hope you like it! Let us know what you think. Have fun. Bye"}}, {"audio_id": "30exEumg_i0", "text": {"30exEumg_i0-00000-00000000-00000424": "[ The following fan made trailer by MacamTV is rated 'R' for realistic, created for entertainment purposes ]", "30exEumg_i0-00001-00000834-00001286": "[Peter Parker] you're gonna forget who I am", "30exEumg_i0-00002-00001286-00001454": "it's okay", "30exEumg_i0-00003-00001454-00001646": "Radio silence we have a major alert", "30exEumg_i0-00004-00001744-00001967": "there's been a structure collapse", "30exEumg_i0-00005-00003888-00004430": "[J. Jonah Jameson] Mr. Burke you're saying you saw Spider-Man with your own eyes destroying multiple power lines", "30exEumg_i0-00006-00004430-00004731": "technical he did destroy those power lines", "30exEumg_i0-00007-00004731-00005023": "[J. Jonah Jameson] well there you have it folks", "30exEumg_i0-00008-00005023-00005510": "[Music]", "30exEumg_i0-00009-00005510-00005701": "wait I wasn't finished", "30exEumg_i0-00010-00005701-00005787": "[J. Jonah Jameson] I'm sorry", "30exEumg_i0-00011-00005787-00006251": "Spider-Man was stopping this guy who was absorbing all the energy from the lines", "30exEumg_i0-00012-00007074-00007230": "yeah Spider-Man!", "30exEumg_i0-00013-00007946-00008310": "[Green Goblin] you actually believe you'll find your soul here", "30exEumg_i0-00014-00008310-00008644": "[Ned] you turn move into an under creature of the night", "30exEumg_i0-00015-00008644-00008853": "pretty messed up", "30exEumg_i0-00016-00008853-00009962": "[Music]", "30exEumg_i0-00017-00009962-00010155": "[Peter Parker] we have to help her come on", "30exEumg_i0-00018-00010766-00010981": "[Kingpin] I'm here to kill you", "30exEumg_i0-00019-00011425-00011763": "[Peter Parker] would you guys quit looking at each other and somebody talk to me", "30exEumg_i0-00020-00013268-00013594": "thanks for watching today's trailer made by MacamTV", "30exEumg_i0-00021-00013594-00014203": "become a member today and you will receive benefits like your name immortalized in descriptions and trailers", "30exEumg_i0-00022-00014203-00014725": "to put icing on the cake gain Early Access to teaser trailers before anyone else does", "30exEumg_i0-00023-00014725-00014940": "until next time never stop dreaming"}}, {"audio_id": "30KeKVLPnPo", "text": {"30KeKVLPnPo-00000-00000000-00000182": "نحن نبدأ بداية راأع في سيرفر عرب كرافت للجوال إدعمونى 😘😏"}}, {"audio_id": "317j_HD9Moy", "text": {"317j_HD9Moy-00000-00000096-00000874": "This video tutorial illustrates how to embed a video from YouTube into a View in Mahara.", "317j_HD9Moy-00001-00000874-00001286": "Mahara has a unique process for embedding YouTube videos.", "317j_HD9Moy-00002-00001286-00001747": "If you're interested in sharing a video in Mahara from another video site or website", "317j_HD9Moy-00003-00001747-00002397": "other than YouTube, you can do that but it has to be done through a link out to the video.", "317j_HD9Moy-00004-00002397-00002684": "So this is how you embed a YouTube video.", "317j_HD9Moy-00005-00002684-00003517": "First, log into Mahara. Click on My Portfolio and then My Views to be sure you're on the", "317j_HD9Moy-00006-00003517-00003792": "right page.", "317j_HD9Moy-00007-00003792-00004394": "Identify the view that you want to add the video to. I'm going to open the IOTL Gallery", "317j_HD9Moy-00008-00004394-00005205": "Template by clicking on it. And my objective is to embed a video into the right column.", "317j_HD9Moy-00009-00005205-00006085": "So I'm going to click on Edit Content at the top. And from the sub-tabs at the top of the", "317j_HD9Moy-00010-00006085-00006931": "page, I'm going to click on \"Files, images, and video.\" To embed a YouTube video, you", "317j_HD9Moy-00011-00006931-00007313": "want to select the \"External Video\" icon.", "317j_HD9Moy-00012-00007313-00008302": "So I'm going to click on that icon and drag it into the right column to create a new block.", "317j_HD9Moy-00013-00008302-00008871": "And that will open a window titled, \"Eternal Video: Configure.\" The first thing I'm going", "317j_HD9Moy-00014-00008871-00009557": "to do is title the block that will appear in the right column. I'm going to title it", "317j_HD9Moy-00015-00009557-00010836": "something relevant to the video I am selecting.", "317j_HD9Moy-00016-00010836-00011617": "And this next box is asking for the video URL. Inserting the correct URL here is critical.", "317j_HD9Moy-00017-00011617-00012175": "YouTube actually provides two different URLs for each video and Mahara will only accept", "317j_HD9Moy-00018-00012175-00012311": "one of them.", "317j_HD9Moy-00019-00012311-00013277": "So, let's go over to the YouTube page for the video that I want to embed in Mahara.", "317j_HD9Moy-00020-00013277-00014083": "The URL you want to copy is located in your browser's address bar. Highlight the entire", "317j_HD9Moy-00021-00014083-00014886": "URL and copy it to your clipboard. To copy on a PC, click Control + C and on a Mac click", "317j_HD9Moy-00022-00014886-00015361": "Command + C. So I've done that already.", "317j_HD9Moy-00023-00015361-00015953": "While we're here, I want to show you the URL that will not work on Mahara. Under the image", "317j_HD9Moy-00024-00015953-00017046": "of the video, you see a \"Share\" button. Click on Share. Now you see that it opens a box", "317j_HD9Moy-00025-00017046-00017979": "that is titled, \"Link to this video.\" This link is a shortened URL that starts with \"http://youtu.be.\"", "317j_HD9Moy-00026-00017979-00018763": "Do not paste this link into Mahara. It will not work.", "317j_HD9Moy-00027-00018763-00019279": "So now that I have the full, correct URL copied to my clipboard, I'm now going back to my", "317j_HD9Moy-00028-00019279-00020390": "Mahara window. I'm going to click in the \"Video URL\" box and paste the URL. To", "317j_HD9Moy-00029-00020390-00021230": "paste, click Control + V on a PC or Command + V on a Mac.", "317j_HD9Moy-00030-00021230-00021692": "And then just below that, there's one more thing you need to do. You'll need to adjust", "317j_HD9Moy-00031-00021692-00021962": "the width of your video.", "317j_HD9Moy-00032-00021962-00022440": "The width of your embedded video cannot exceed the width of the column you are adding the", "317j_HD9Moy-00033-00022440-00023109": "video to. I know from trial and error that 300 is a pretty good width for the layout", "317j_HD9Moy-00034-00023109-00024026": "I have selected in my view. If your view has more or less than two columns, you should", "317j_HD9Moy-00035-00024026-00024597": "experiment with the width to identify the best size for your video.", "317j_HD9Moy-00036-00024597-00025361": "So, I've entered 300 and now I'm going to click \"Save.\" And you will now see the video", "317j_HD9Moy-00037-00025361-00025997": "embedded there in our right column. What you can do now, if you don't like the location", "317j_HD9Moy-00038-00025997-00026614": "of the video, is simply click and drag the video block into another location in your", "317j_HD9Moy-00039-00026614-00027325": "column. Like that.", "317j_HD9Moy-00040-00027325-00027887": "If you need to adjust the width, change the title, or replace the video with another URL,", "317j_HD9Moy-00041-00027887-00029096": "just click on the Configure or gear icon to the right of your video block's title.", "317j_HD9Moy-00042-00029096-00029712": "If you want to remove the video block, click on the X.", "317j_HD9Moy-00043-00029712-00030233": "When you are done, scroll to the bottom and click \"Done.\"", "317j_HD9Moy-00044-00030233-00030524": "And that's how you embed a YouTube video in a Mahara View."}}, {"audio_id": "31azJsGYfjE", "text": {"31azJsGYfjE-00000-00000293-00000748": "Thank you for joining us. And this is Part 3 of a three", "31azJsGYfjE-00001-00000748-00001098": "part series. I'm Jackie Rogers and I'm joined today by Misty", "31azJsGYfjE-00002-00001098-00001308": "Higgins and we are Professional Learning", "31azJsGYfjE-00003-00001308-00001588": "Coordinators at the Kentucky Department of Education and", "31azJsGYfjE-00004-00001588-00001798": "we're talking about preparing for academic", "31azJsGYfjE-00005-00001798-00002078": "re-entry. This is stage two about formative assessments.", "31azJsGYfjE-00006-00002193-00002622": "The purpose of stage two is to define formative assessment and", "31azJsGYfjE-00007-00002622-00002973": "explain the benefits for students and teachers. We also", "31azJsGYfjE-00008-00002973-00003324": "want to describe four key strategies that support this", "31azJsGYfjE-00009-00003324-00003558": "formative assessment process, and identify instructional", "31azJsGYfjE-00010-00003558-00003986": "approaches so that we can take responsive action to address the", "31azJsGYfjE-00011-00003986-00004377": "needs of all learners. Along the way throughout our videos,", "31azJsGYfjE-00012-00004377-00004767": "you're going to see this touchstone image which is", "31azJsGYfjE-00013-00004767-00005118": "really this cycle about the formative assessment process and", "31azJsGYfjE-00014-00005118-00005235": "the questions that", "31azJsGYfjE-00015-00005249-00005636": "students will be asking, \"Where am I going?\", \"Where am I now?\" and", "31azJsGYfjE-00016-00005636-00006053": "\"Where to next?\" and we're going to use this as a guide as we", "31azJsGYfjE-00017-00006053-00006262": "we're talking about this formative assessment process.", "31azJsGYfjE-00018-00006422-00006795": "Now the four key strategies that we've mentioned the the first", "31azJsGYfjE-00019-00006795-00007238": "two we have already talked about in video two that you can also", "31azJsGYfjE-00020-00007238-00007578": "find that's archived, but today we're going to talk about", "31azJsGYfjE-00021-00007578-00007884": "providing feedback that moves learning forward, but also using", "31azJsGYfjE-00022-00007884-00008156": "peer and self-assessment to develop student ownership. So", "31azJsGYfjE-00023-00008156-00008598": "that's going to be our focus for this video. And Jackie, just to", "31azJsGYfjE-00024-00008598-00008972": "remind everyone too that you know, one of the reasons in", "31azJsGYfjE-00025-00008972-00009244": "stage two that were really focusing on formative", "31azJsGYfjE-00026-00009244-00009380": "assessment. It is about", "31azJsGYfjE-00027-00009380-00009715": "utilizing an evidence-based practice that we know can really", "31azJsGYfjE-00028-00009715-00010036": "help improve student achievement and when students are able to", "31azJsGYfjE-00029-00010036-00010357": "take ownership of their own learning in responding to those", "31azJsGYfjE-00030-00010357-00010775": "three key questions of \"Where am I going?\", \"Where am I now?\" and \"Where", "31azJsGYfjE-00031-00010775-00011160": "to next?\" we're putting students in the driver seat, and we know", "31azJsGYfjE-00032-00011160-00011545": "that as we move into this very unique school year that where", "31azJsGYfjE-00033-00011545-00011866": "we're going to see maybe students face to face some, where", "31azJsGYfjE-00034-00011866-00012283": "we may be in the remote virtual setting, some, more than ever we", "31azJsGYfjE-00035-00012283-00012444": "have to be utilizing strategies", "31azJsGYfjE-00036-00012450-00012791": "that are enabling students to kind of manage and self-direct", "31azJsGYfjE-00037-00012791-00013101": "their learning because they're not probably going to get that", "31azJsGYfjE-00038-00013101-00013472": "usual face to face instructional time that they get in a typical", "31azJsGYfjE-00039-00013472-00013844": "school year with us. And so coming back to this visual in", "31azJsGYfjE-00040-00013844-00014155": "the last video we talked about strategies that can help", "31azJsGYfjE-00041-00014155-00014527": "students to answer the question of \"Where am I going?\" and then", "31azJsGYfjE-00042-00014527-00014961": "\"Where am I now?\" What we're going to focus on today is OK, so", "31azJsGYfjE-00043-00014961-00015363": "\"Where to next?\" And just as a reminder, in order for all of", "31azJsGYfjE-00044-00015363-00015828": "this to work and to really work well if we don't do a good job", "31azJsGYfjE-00045-00015828-00016159": "at helping students to really answer the question of \"Where am", "31azJsGYfjE-00046-00016159-00016610": "I going?\" the rest of this is not going to be effective in the way", "31azJsGYfjE-00047-00016610-00017032": "that it could, so we've got to be very clear up front with our", "31azJsGYfjE-00048-00017032-00017333": "students on those learning goals and success criteria. We've got", "31azJsGYfjE-00049-00017333-00017694": "to elicit evidence that is going to help us see where students", "31azJsGYfjE-00050-00017694-00017965": "are in their understanding aligned back to the learning", "31azJsGYfjE-00051-00017965-00018356": "goal and the success criteria so that now we're to this point to", "31azJsGYfjE-00052-00018356-00018717": "where we know where they are in relation to the learning going", "31azJsGYfjE-00053-00018717-00019101": "success criteria. But \"Where to next?\" What's the next step that", "31azJsGYfjE-00054-00019101-00019482": "that student needs to take to reach the intended learning? And", "31azJsGYfjE-00055-00019482-00019897": "so that's going to be where we come into strategy three. So", "31azJsGYfjE-00056-00019897-00020174": "strategy three is about providing feedback that moves", "31azJsGYfjE-00057-00020174-00020416": "learning forward, and specifically this strategy is", "31azJsGYfjE-00058-00020416-00020796": "talking about teacher to student feedback. As a reminder, in the", "31azJsGYfjE-00059-00020796-00021108": "guidance document, you're going to find much more detailed", "31azJsGYfjE-00060-00021108-00021350": "information around everything we're highlighting in the", "31azJsGYfjE-00061-00021350-00021765": "videos, so again, this is just a high level overview, but you'll", "31azJsGYfjE-00062-00021765-00022042": "find more information within the guidance document itself.", "31azJsGYfjE-00063-00022071-00022447": "So when we talk about providing feedback, the teacher to the", "31azJsGYfjE-00064-00022447-00022789": "student, it needs to be information that the student can", "31azJsGYfjE-00065-00022789-00023233": "use to understand where they are in their learning and what to do", "31azJsGYfjE-00066-00023233-00023575": "next. And again, this goes back to increasing student motivation.", "31azJsGYfjE-00067-00023575-00023952": "And one of the things that we consistently heard as feedback", "31azJsGYfjE-00068-00023952-00024362": "from that remote learning during the spring of 2020 is that there", "31azJsGYfjE-00069-00024362-00024636": "were issues with student motivation in that virtual", "31azJsGYfjE-00070-00024636-00024978": "setting in that remote distance learning and so everything we've", "31azJsGYfjE-00071-00024978-00025080": "been talking about,", "31azJsGYfjE-00072-00025088-00025339": "it helps to increase student motivation because specifically", "31azJsGYfjE-00073-00025339-00025684": "here, around the feedback that we give when students feel they", "31azJsGYfjE-00074-00025684-00025998": "have more control over their own learning and when they", "31azJsGYfjE-00075-00025998-00026344": "understand what to do and why they're doing it, they're more", "31azJsGYfjE-00076-00026344-00026689": "motivated to then actually do it. So this is all about ensuring", "31azJsGYfjE-00077-00026689-00027129": "whether we are face to face or we are in a virtual setting with", "31azJsGYfjE-00078-00027129-00027443": "students that we were giving them the information they need", "31azJsGYfjE-00079-00027443-00027788": "to take control of their own learning. So in the guidance", "31azJsGYfjE-00080-00027788-00028070": "document again, you'll find much more detailed information, but", "31azJsGYfjE-00081-00028070-00028362": "in general, when we are providing feedback to our", "31azJsGYfjE-00082-00028362-00028701": "students, first of all, it must relate back to the learning", "31azJsGYfjE-00083-00028701-00029070": "goals and the success criteria. So it's got to be tied back into", "31azJsGYfjE-00084-00029070-00029471": "those specific pieces. And it has to be in a way that students", "31azJsGYfjE-00085-00029471-00029810": "can actually use the feedback to take next steps. They're very", "31azJsGYfjE-00086-00029810-00030241": "clear on what it is that they need to do next, and in that", "31azJsGYfjE-00087-00030241-00030487": "journey to meeting that destination of the learning", "31azJsGYfjE-00088-00030487-00030857": "goal. And we know that it needs to be feedback that supports", "31azJsGYfjE-00089-00030857-00031196": "students in managing their own learning. And again, I just keep", "31azJsGYfjE-00090-00031196-00031396": "emphasizing, especially in that distance learning", "31azJsGYfjE-00091-00031396-00031781": "situation, they have to be able to know what to do with", "31azJsGYfjE-00092-00031781-00032102": "the feedback we're giving them so they can take the", "31azJsGYfjE-00093-00032102-00032359": "next steps that are necessary to manage the", "31azJsGYfjE-00094-00032359-00032487": "learning on their end.", "31azJsGYfjE-00095-00032720-00033201": "So as we as we are talking about these uhm things, we also want", "31azJsGYfjE-00096-00033201-00033509": "to always talk about some considerations because we always", "31azJsGYfjE-00097-00033509-00033852": "have different ways of approaching thing. So we want to", "31azJsGYfjE-00098-00033852-00034195": "be able to think about all the different possibilities and", "31azJsGYfjE-00099-00034195-00034573": "inside the guidance document you'll see a lot of these. But", "31azJsGYfjE-00100-00034573-00034916": "for this strategy 3 the considerations will be how are", "31azJsGYfjE-00101-00034916-00035293": "you ensure that feedback is linked to the learning goal and", "31azJsGYfjE-00102-00035293-00035636": "success criteria? We're always trying to keep those things very", "31azJsGYfjE-00103-00035636-00035876": "tight, so being intentional about creating feedback.", "31azJsGYfjE-00104-00035887-00036326": "and it's tied to those will be very important. And how do we provide", "31azJsGYfjE-00105-00036326-00036698": "feedback in a timely manner that allow students to take action", "31azJsGYfjE-00106-00036698-00037036": "and apply the feedback? Not something that happens so late", "31azJsGYfjE-00107-00037036-00037509": "or after the fact that it really is becomes a moot point. So some", "31azJsGYfjE-00108-00037509-00037915": "ideas would be, you know, text annotations. How do we add notes", "31azJsGYfjE-00109-00037915-00038253": "or comments digitally or written assignments? Maybe an audio or", "31azJsGYfjE-00110-00038253-00038591": "video file could be provided that could be sent to", "31azJsGYfjE-00111-00038591-00038962": "individuals or the students that could be used by families, small", "31azJsGYfjE-00112-00038962-00039324": "groups. That would require maybe for small groups of students who", "31azJsGYfjE-00113-00039324-00039642": "require the same type of feedback. We could use those", "31azJsGYfjE-00114-00039642-00040055": "kinds of audio or video files. In another, in a second video we", "31azJsGYfjE-00115-00040055-00040341": "had talked about common misconceptions. This is how I", "31azJsGYfjE-00116-00040341-00040691": "would imagine this falling into place is already as a teacher", "31azJsGYfjE-00117-00040691-00041073": "I'm aware of where this might, where I'm probably going to have to", "31azJsGYfjE-00118-00041073-00041422": "offer some more guidance to students so I can prepare in", "31azJsGYfjE-00119-00041422-00041740": "advance a video maybe, or an audio file around that", "31azJsGYfjE-00120-00041740-00042058": "misconception I can share with students. Or it could be", "31azJsGYfjE-00121-00042070-00042379": "rubrics like an online scoring guide aligned to success", "31azJsGYfjE-00122-00042379-00042723": "criteria to to evaluate the students' work. But we always", "31azJsGYfjE-00123-00042723-00043170": "have to be really careful with rubrics too to make sure that we", "31azJsGYfjE-00124-00043170-00043480": "are aligning those with our success criteria so that", "31azJsGYfjE-00125-00043480-00043790": "students still have that clear language and understanding. If", "31azJsGYfjE-00126-00043790-00044168": "we want students to be very active learners in this process,", "31azJsGYfjE-00127-00044168-00044546": "then we want them to really understand and see the language", "31azJsGYfjE-00128-00044546-00044959": "is consistent and to tell them if they are reaching their goals", "31azJsGYfjE-00129-00044959-00045264": "or not. Some other considerations how we", "31azJsGYfjE-00130-00045264-00045671": "intentionally build in time for students to respond to and apply", "31azJsGYfjE-00131-00045671-00046152": "feedback to their learning? And as a teacher that was one of my", "31azJsGYfjE-00132-00046152-00046485": "most gratifying parts of the work was seeing students", "31azJsGYfjE-00133-00046485-00046855": "actually using the things that we had talked about or", "31azJsGYfjE-00134-00046855-00047188": "collaboratively built in this feedback session. And how will you", "31azJsGYfjE-00135-00047188-00047484": "structure those opportunities to have uninterrupted time with", "31azJsGYfjE-00136-00047484-00047854": "individuals or groups to provide that feedback, whether it's face", "31azJsGYfjE-00137-00047854-00048002": "to face or virtual.", "31azJsGYfjE-00138-00048082-00048430": "You know, Jackie, one of the things we kind of talked about", "31azJsGYfjE-00139-00048430-00048778": "is one of the advantages of the virtual setting is as we're", "31azJsGYfjE-00140-00048778-00048952": "analyzing and interpreting evidence of student", "31azJsGYfjE-00141-00048952-00049271": "understanding. When we see that either an individual or a group", "31azJsGYfjE-00142-00049271-00049619": "at like a small group of students, they all need the same", "31azJsGYfjE-00143-00049619-00049909": "feedback. We can quickly and easily just create a live", "31azJsGYfjE-00144-00049909-00050199": "virtual meeting with those students, and so we don't even", "31azJsGYfjE-00145-00050199-00050547": "have to have anything with the rest of the students they are", "31azJsGYfjE-00146-00050547-00050895": "working on other things in their home, but we can quickly and", "31azJsGYfjE-00147-00050895-00051185": "easily schedule those live meetings with this students as based", "31azJsGYfjE-00148-00051185-00051301": "on what kind of", "31azJsGYfjE-00149-00051315-00051420": "feedback they need.", "31azJsGYfjE-00150-00051516-00052002": "And there in a very similar way that I might do that in a face", "31azJsGYfjE-00151-00052002-00052326": "to face situation in my classroom. And so strategy three", "31azJsGYfjE-00152-00052326-00052682": "was about the teacher to student feedback and helping them to", "31azJsGYfjE-00153-00052682-00053071": "figure out where to next, and then strategy four is about using", "31azJsGYfjE-00154-00053071-00053362": "peer and self-assessment to develop student ownership. And", "31azJsGYfjE-00155-00053362-00053719": "again, we've said this in the very first video you see", "31azJsGYfjE-00156-00053719-00054043": "reference to it throughout the guidance document. When we do", "31azJsGYfjE-00157-00054043-00054270": "formative assessment well, we're really building students", "31azJsGYfjE-00158-00054270-00054496": "to be able to kind of be", "31azJsGYfjE-00159-00054503-00054924": "self-directed in their learning. And so when we talk about that", "31azJsGYfjE-00160-00054924-00055275": "here in self assessment, it's about helping the students to", "31azJsGYfjE-00161-00055275-00055626": "monitor, direct and regulate their own actions, whether it's face", "31azJsGYfjE-00162-00055626-00056047": "to face or whether it is in that virtual setting as they", "31azJsGYfjE-00163-00056047-00056398": "progress toward the learning goals. When we talk about peer", "31azJsGYfjE-00164-00056398-00056749": "assessment specifically, one of the purposes, the main purpose I", "31azJsGYfjE-00165-00056749-00057135": "really think when it comes to peer assessment is that as", "31azJsGYfjE-00166-00057135-00057486": "students work together using the success criteria to give each", "31azJsGYfjE-00167-00057486-00057822": "other feedback they're getting a clearer and clearer picture of", "31azJsGYfjE-00168-00057822-00058179": "what is really meant and expected of those success criteria as", "31azJsGYfjE-00169-00058179-00058504": "they work through it together. So they are gaining greater", "31azJsGYfjE-00170-00058504-00058797": "clarity by providing that feedback to each other, talking", "31azJsGYfjE-00171-00058797-00059154": "it through. So then when it comes to this self assessment,", "31azJsGYfjE-00172-00059154-00059512": "they're going to be able to apply their understanding of the", "31azJsGYfjE-00173-00059512-00059902": "success criteria to their own work. So in that way kind of peer", "31azJsGYfjE-00174-00059902-00060343": "in self assessment work hand in hand. Um, one thing that is", "31azJsGYfjE-00175-00060343-00060729": "very important to note about peer and self assessment is that", "31azJsGYfjE-00176-00060729-00061010": "it really does require a classroom culture that's", "31azJsGYfjE-00177-00061010-00061221": "characterized by supportive collaborative relationships so", "31azJsGYfjE-00178-00061221-00061677": "that you have that trust among the students to be able to give", "31azJsGYfjE-00179-00061677-00062063": "that feedback to each other. Now, when it comes to peer", "31azJsGYfjE-00180-00062063-00062485": "feedback, how do we support the students in giving it in a", "31azJsGYfjE-00181-00062485-00062906": "positive way and in an effective way? Well, some things that we", "31azJsGYfjE-00182-00062906-00063081": "talk about in the guidance", "31azJsGYfjE-00183-00063081-00063413": "document, we talk about modeling providing feedback. So as a", "31azJsGYfjE-00184-00063413-00063797": "teacher we need to make sure that we do model what it looks", "31azJsGYfjE-00185-00063797-00064151": "like when we give feedback to each other, and again kind of", "31azJsGYfjE-00186-00064151-00064475": "setting them up, whether it's face to face in the virtual", "31azJsGYfjE-00187-00064475-00064800": "setting you can easily record yourself doing a model of giving", "31azJsGYfjE-00188-00064800-00065065": "feedback that students can access at anytime that they're", "31azJsGYfjE-00189-00065065-00065419": "about to give peer feedback so they can remember what it looks", "31azJsGYfjE-00190-00065419-00065803": "like, what are the things they need to do? In addition to help", "31azJsGYfjE-00191-00065803-00066157": "support them in giving feedback to each other, it's a good idea", "31azJsGYfjE-00192-00066157-00066304": "to use feedback prompts.", "31azJsGYfjE-00193-00066331-00066622": "Usually that's talking about like sentence stems to help them", "31azJsGYfjE-00194-00066622-00066942": "frame the way they give their feedback, and we give examples", "31azJsGYfjE-00195-00066942-00067291": "of what some of those sentence stems could be in the guidance", "31azJsGYfjE-00196-00067291-00067611": "document as well protocols. And the purpose of protocols is", "31azJsGYfjE-00197-00067611-00067960": "really whether it's face to face or it's in that virtual setting.", "31azJsGYfjE-00198-00067960-00068222": "When you assign students together to give that feedback", "31azJsGYfjE-00199-00068222-00068542": "if they have a protocol that they're following, it just helps", "31azJsGYfjE-00200-00068542-00068891": "to structure that time to make sure they are giving feedback in", "31azJsGYfjE-00201-00068891-00069241": "the way that you need them to give it. And then finally", "31azJsGYfjE-00202-00069241-00069386": "another way that you can", "31azJsGYfjE-00203-00069401-00069709": "increase the effectiveness of the feedback that they give each", "31azJsGYfjE-00204-00069709-00070017": "other is to as a class together analyze strong and", "31azJsGYfjE-00205-00070017-00070417": "weak examples of feedback 'cause it just gives them more and more", "31azJsGYfjE-00206-00070417-00070817": "understanding of what it is they need to think about as they are", "31azJsGYfjE-00207-00070817-00071125": "giving feedback to each other. When it comes to self", "31azJsGYfjE-00208-00071125-00071464": "assessment, you're going to see some of the same kinds of", "31azJsGYfjE-00209-00071464-00071772": "suggestions as well. When it comes to modeling, teachers do", "31azJsGYfjE-00210-00071772-00072080": "need to explicitly teach and model self assessment to the", "31azJsGYfjE-00211-00072080-00072419": "students. Like what's the kind of thinking that's going on as", "31azJsGYfjE-00212-00072419-00072811": "you're looking at your work and you're trying to self assess and", "31azJsGYfjE-00213-00072811-00073190": "to help with that we always go back to grounding the students", "31azJsGYfjE-00214-00073190-00073538": "in looking at their work and analyzing it through those three", "31azJsGYfjE-00215-00073538-00073917": "questions we talk about in the feedback loop. Where am I going?", "31azJsGYfjE-00216-00073917-00074328": "Where am I now and where to next? And it's so important to", "31azJsGYfjE-00217-00074328-00074676": "remember that self assessment is really a key practice in helping", "31azJsGYfjE-00218-00074676-00074960": "students to become independent and self regulated learners. And", "31azJsGYfjE-00219-00074960-00075434": "I know I keep kind of going back to this over and over again but", "31azJsGYfjE-00220-00075434-00075804": "in order for teacher feedback, in order for peer feedback or", "31azJsGYfjE-00221-00075804-00076161": "self assessment to work, it starts on that front end with", "31azJsGYfjE-00222-00076161-00076519": "the clarity of where are we going? What is the intended", "31azJsGYfjE-00223-00076519-00076876": "learning goal and what are the success criteria? All of this", "31azJsGYfjE-00224-00076876-00077169": "really hinges on them having that level of clarity.", "31azJsGYfjE-00225-00077352-00077673": "And there are also considerations for this as well,", "31azJsGYfjE-00226-00077673-00078030": "like how do we build that classroom community that Misty", "31azJsGYfjE-00227-00078030-00078458": "had mentioned a little earlier where people do have a good, safe and", "31azJsGYfjE-00228-00078458-00078780": "supportive environment both face to face and virtually that", "31azJsGYfjE-00229-00078780-00079101": "supports peer and self Assessment? And that includes like classroom", "31azJsGYfjE-00230-00079101-00079422": "norms and routines and procedures. How do we build", "31azJsGYfjE-00231-00079422-00079815": "those so that we do have the trust and the supportive", "31azJsGYfjE-00232-00079815-00080172": "environment that is necessary for this to really be effective?", "31azJsGYfjE-00233-00080172-00080350": "Also, how will you provide", "31azJsGYfjE-00234-00080365-00080649": "opportunities for peer assessment? And here's some ideas", "31azJsGYfjE-00235-00080649-00081039": "to do that virtually so could there be like a collaborative", "31azJsGYfjE-00236-00081039-00081501": "document such as a Google Doc or something that's in one drive? Or", "31azJsGYfjE-00237-00081501-00081820": "group discussion using video conferencing or a forum", "31azJsGYfjE-00238-00081820-00082104": "with screen sharing capabilities? There are lots of", "31azJsGYfjE-00239-00082104-00082424": "different platforms for that. We're just thinking about how", "31azJsGYfjE-00240-00082424-00082743": "could that look in a virtual setting as well?", "31azJsGYfjE-00241-00082933-00083176": "Also, we're talking about building opportunities for", "31azJsGYfjE-00242-00083176-00083524": "students to self assess and reflect on the learning goals", "31azJsGYfjE-00243-00083524-00083942": "and success criteria. And if we're doing that in a virtual", "31azJsGYfjE-00244-00083942-00084290": "setting, some things that you might consider a format", "31azJsGYfjE-00245-00084290-00084707": "the success criteria into a tool students can use as they do", "31azJsGYfjE-00246-00084707-00085090": "their lesson or assignment. Some ideas would be like a simple", "31azJsGYfjE-00247-00085090-00085438": "bulleted list, a checklist or a rubric that uses that same", "31azJsGYfjE-00248-00085438-00085821": "language. And also include one or more self assessment loops in", "31azJsGYfjE-00249-00085821-00085960": "the assignment directions where", "31azJsGYfjE-00250-00085972-00086363": "they have to review their work using that tool and then make", "31azJsGYfjE-00251-00086363-00086721": "adjustments to the work. There also could be like a midpoint", "31azJsGYfjE-00252-00086721-00087015": "reflection like in a document based lesson or assignment", "31azJsGYfjE-00253-00087015-00087373": "that includes one or more pause points like in a video", "31azJsGYfjE-00254-00087373-00087765": "or a slide slide deck. That's where the lesson can stop for", "31azJsGYfjE-00255-00087765-00088123": "a moment so they can reflect on those things. It's really", "31azJsGYfjE-00256-00088123-00088351": "guided and intentionally planned by the teacher.", "31azJsGYfjE-00257-00088507-00088921": "And then it brings us back to our visual. So when we talk", "31azJsGYfjE-00258-00088921-00089368": "about where am I going? Where am I now an where to next? The", "31azJsGYfjE-00259-00089368-00089687": "feedback is one possible way that we can take responsive", "31azJsGYfjE-00260-00089687-00090133": "action. But what we really want to look at now is what are other", "31azJsGYfjE-00261-00090133-00090484": "ways that teachers really take responsive action and one of the", "31azJsGYfjE-00262-00090484-00090963": "things that I used to kind of be guilty of as a teacher. and I", "31azJsGYfjE-00263-00090963-00091346": "think we see this consistently across the board too is that I", "31azJsGYfjE-00264-00091346-00091505": "was really good about eliciting", "31azJsGYfjE-00265-00091505-00091721": "evidence and interpreting evidence of student learning.", "31azJsGYfjE-00266-00091721-00092137": "But I didn't always really know how could I act on it in that", "31azJsGYfjE-00267-00092137-00092493": "moment, and so it's like I would see that maybe students weren't", "31azJsGYfjE-00268-00092493-00092849": "where they needed to be, but I would continue with my lesson", "31azJsGYfjE-00269-00092849-00093176": "because I wasn't really sure how to change it, and formative", "31azJsGYfjE-00270-00093176-00093443": "assessment will only be effective if we do take", "31azJsGYfjE-00271-00093443-00093770": "responsive action. That's what it all hinges on is that based", "31azJsGYfjE-00272-00093770-00094186": "on what we're seeing we do take the action that we need to close", "31azJsGYfjE-00273-00094186-00094483": "the gap between where the student is in their current", "31azJsGYfjE-00274-00094483-00094850": "level of understanding and where they need to go next to", "31azJsGYfjE-00275-00094850-00095216": "get closer and closer to that learning goal. So there's a", "31azJsGYfjE-00276-00095216-00095549": "whole section in our guidance document that talks about taking", "31azJsGYfjE-00277-00095549-00095782": "responsive action. So after interpreting the evidence,", "31azJsGYfjE-00278-00095782-00096149": "determining where students are, we do need to take action to", "31azJsGYfjE-00279-00096149-00096482": "help move student learning toward closer to the", "31azJsGYfjE-00280-00096482-00096848": "learning goal. So when we look at the evidence, there are", "31azJsGYfjE-00281-00096848-00097214": "different things that may occur based on what the evidence is", "31azJsGYfjE-00282-00097214-00097581": "saying. It could be that the teacher takes action in that", "31azJsGYfjE-00283-00097581-00097907": "moment. They understand like this is what I need to do to", "31azJsGYfjE-00284-00097907-00098217": "help this student or this small group of students and I'm going", "31azJsGYfjE-00285-00098217-00098552": "to do it right here in the moment in this lesson. It could", "31azJsGYfjE-00286-00098552-00098888": "be that the teacher is going to use that evidence to help plan", "31azJsGYfjE-00287-00098888-00099146": "for the next lesson and make adjustments within that lesson", "31azJsGYfjE-00288-00099146-00099455": "based on what the evidence showed. Or it could be that what", "31azJsGYfjE-00289-00099455-00099739": "the evidence shows the teacher is that the student learning is", "31azJsGYfjE-00290-00099739-00100100": "on track. All students are where they need to be at this point in", "31azJsGYfjE-00291-00100100-00100384": "the lesson, so I'm going to continue with my lesson as", "31azJsGYfjE-00292-00100384-00100565": "planned. But the thing is, is if", "31azJsGYfjE-00293-00100565-00100857": "either of those 1st add bullets are applicable, like the", "31azJsGYfjE-00294-00100857-00101185": "evidence is showing that not every student is where they need", "31azJsGYfjE-00295-00101185-00101602": "to be at that point, and that you need to take some kind of", "31azJsGYfjE-00296-00101602-00101870": "responsive action. Well, what are some of those instructional", "31azJsGYfjE-00297-00101870-00102168": "adjustments that you could make? In the guidance document we", "31azJsGYfjE-00298-00102168-00102436": "give you a list of several different simple adjustments", "31azJsGYfjE-00299-00102436-00102824": "that you can make in a lesson based on what the students might", "31azJsGYfjE-00300-00102824-00103152": "need. In there, you'll see more description than what you give", "31azJsGYfjE-00301-00103152-00103539": "you what we give you obviously on this slide, but it could be", "31azJsGYfjE-00302-00103539-00103867": "modeling. It could be that there's an individual or a small", "31azJsGYfjE-00303-00103867-00104046": "group of students that need an", "31azJsGYfjE-00304-00104046-00104455": "explicit model with you. They need to sit down with you and see a", "31azJsGYfjE-00305-00104455-00104774": "more explicit model of whatever it is they're working on. Notice", "31azJsGYfjE-00306-00104774-00105093": "that feedback is also one of the possible adjustments that you", "31azJsGYfjE-00307-00105093-00105325": "could make, whether it's feedback you're giving the", "31azJsGYfjE-00308-00105325-00105644": "students or it's going into that peer feedback as well. But", "31azJsGYfjE-00309-00105644-00105963": "again, we give you more detailed explanation about each of these.", "31azJsGYfjE-00310-00105963-00106310": "One thing I think is important to remember though, is it will", "31azJsGYfjE-00311-00106310-00106688": "be better if on the front end of your lesson planning you think", "31azJsGYfjE-00312-00106688-00107035": "about like when we reach this point in the lesson and I've", "31azJsGYfjE-00313-00107035-00107152": "looked at this evidence,", "31azJsGYfjE-00314-00107160-00107483": "if the students aren't where I need them to be, already", "31azJsGYfjE-00315-00107483-00107805": "thinking ahead of time, what could I do to adjust my", "31azJsGYfjE-00316-00107805-00108157": "instruction to help them with that next step? And so the more", "31azJsGYfjE-00317-00108157-00108567": "you kind of think that through up front, the easier it is to take", "31azJsGYfjE-00318-00108567-00108889": "that responsive action in the moment. Now, one thing back on", "31azJsGYfjE-00319-00108889-00109270": "the visual that we want to point out. So if you take responsive", "31azJsGYfjE-00320-00109270-00109622": "action in the moment or in the next lesson, notice that you", "31azJsGYfjE-00321-00109622-00109973": "will see once you've taken that action then you're going to need", "31azJsGYfjE-00322-00109973-00110266": "to drop back down and elicit more evidence of student", "31azJsGYfjE-00323-00110266-00110354": "understanding to see did the", "31azJsGYfjE-00324-00110354-00110704": "adjustment work. Did it give the students what they needed to", "31azJsGYfjE-00325-00110704-00111074": "take that next step forward and so it's kind of cycles right", "31azJsGYfjE-00326-00111074-00111353": "back and forth between taking responsive action then", "31azJsGYfjE-00327-00111353-00111569": "eliciting more evidence, interpreting that evidence to", "31azJsGYfjE-00328-00111569-00111971": "see where they are. And again, we know that this school year is", "31azJsGYfjE-00329-00111971-00112280": "going to look so vastly different than any school year", "31azJsGYfjE-00330-00112280-00112619": "in the past, both because of what happened in the spring", "31azJsGYfjE-00331-00112619-00112928": "and recognizing that we will see students probably face to", "31azJsGYfjE-00332-00112928-00113237": "face and remotely at different times throughout the year. So", "31azJsGYfjE-00333-00113237-00113485": "it's critically important that we kind of visualize", "31azJsGYfjE-00334-00113493-00113824": "all of these pieces together, that we utilize the strategies", "31azJsGYfjE-00335-00113824-00114188": "that we've talked about in this guidance document to really help", "31azJsGYfjE-00336-00114188-00114519": "students be to take more ownership of their own learning", "31azJsGYfjE-00337-00114519-00114883": "and to make sure that the tasks, assignments and questions that", "31azJsGYfjE-00338-00114883-00115214": "we're posing are all very strongly align back to the", "31azJsGYfjE-00339-00115214-00115545": "learning goal and success criteria so that we know that", "31azJsGYfjE-00340-00115545-00115809": "we're giving them quality assignments that are eliciting", "31azJsGYfjE-00341-00115809-00116207": "the right kind of evidence that we will need to help them", "31azJsGYfjE-00342-00116207-00116505": "continually close the gap between their current level of", "31azJsGYfjE-00343-00116505-00116867": "understanding and where they need to be eventually for that", "31azJsGYfjE-00344-00116867-00117340": "lesson or series of lessons. So that wraps up our series on", "31azJsGYfjE-00345-00117340-00117615": "our stage two guidance document around formative", "31azJsGYfjE-00346-00117615-00117970": "assessment. Again, if at any point you have questions,", "31azJsGYfjE-00347-00117970-00118325": "please feel free to send those to standards@education.ky.gov."}}, {"audio_id": "328EmrRlfu4", "text": {"328EmrRlfu4-00000-00000514-00000852": "Fleet Activities Yokosuka Fire and Emergency Services met with", "328EmrRlfu4-00001-00000852-00001442": "Yokosuka's Commanding Officer Jeffrey Kim to help raise  awareness for fire prevention and safety.", "328EmrRlfu4-00002-00001442-00001914": "The Commanding Officer of Fleet Activities Yokosuka signed a proclamation just declaring", "328EmrRlfu4-00003-00001914-00002391": "that this time of the month, October, is when we do our major fire safety campaign.", "328EmrRlfu4-00004-00002391-00002776": "That he proclaims that this is the time of the year that he will dedicate Yokosuka to", "328EmrRlfu4-00005-00002776-00003137": "focusing on fire safety to keep us safe throughout the year.", "328EmrRlfu4-00006-00003137-00003672": "The Fire and Emergency services also participated in Yokosuka's National Night Out Against Crime", "328EmrRlfu4-00007-00003672-00004067": "to meet with the community and help teach children about fire safety.", "328EmrRlfu4-00008-00004067-00004529": "Coming out and providing some of our fire safety training and education during the National", "328EmrRlfu4-00009-00004529-00005080": "Night Out Against Crime, kind of a good way to kick off our campaign for the month.", "328EmrRlfu4-00010-00005080-00005522": "October is fire prevention and safety month throughout Naval Region Japan, and Yokosuka's", "328EmrRlfu4-00011-00005522-00005980": "Fire and Emergency services plan on hosting multiple events around the base, including", "328EmrRlfu4-00012-00005980-00006294": "an open house at the Yokosuka fire department.", "328EmrRlfu4-00013-00006294-00006591": "Petty Officer Michael Raney, Yokosuka Japan."}}, {"audio_id": "32uye6ghrtI", "text": {"32uye6ghrtI-00000-00000408-00000834": "I think the availability heuristic is playing a really large role in people's decisions", "32uye6ghrtI-00001-00000834-00001358": "about whether to vaccinate or not, especially if you're from the developed world. My impression", "32uye6ghrtI-00002-00001358-00001921": "about a disease such as measles is there's a red rash on my skin or I have dots over", "32uye6ghrtI-00003-00001921-00002621": "my body, but I think in Afghanistan, over 50,000 people a year die from measles. Because", "32uye6ghrtI-00004-00002835-00003451": "I grew up in the developed world and vaccines have cured or eradicated many of these diseases,", "32uye6ghrtI-00005-00003451-00004051": "the deadliness of that disease just does not come to mind. It's not available for me to", "32uye6ghrtI-00006-00004051-00004475": "retrieve when thinking about these problems about whether to vaccinate or not.", "32uye6ghrtI-00007-00004475-00004840": "There's another thing that's going on as well, which we've discussed previously, which is", "32uye6ghrtI-00008-00004840-00005540": "the confirmation bias and one-sided events. If you're vaccinating your child, that's something", "32uye6ghrtI-00009-00005547-00006247": "that you do. It's an act. It's an act of commission. If something bad happens to your child after", "32uye6ghrtI-00010-00006385-00006990": "you vaccinate, that's your fault. That's something that you did. On the other hand, not vaccinating", "32uye6ghrtI-00011-00006990-00007690": "your child is doing nothing. It's an act of omission. In general, people feel much more", "32uye6ghrtI-00012-00007744-00008440": "comfortable about something bad happening after doing nothing than something bad happening after doing something.", "32uye6ghrtI-00013-00008445-00009550": "Yes, that's right. I think availability is playing a massive part in this idea of immunization and vaccination.", "32uye6ghrtI-00014-00009555-00010007": "Another thing that we talked to Ian about during that interview is this idea of cancer", "32uye6ghrtI-00015-00010007-00010707": "clusters. Now this is such a good topic from the perspective of this course because everything", "32uye6ghrtI-00016-00010897-00011940": "that we've talking about here is operating in it, everything that we've been discussing: heuristics, biases, everything.", "32uye6ghrtI-00017-00011945-00012515": "Let's take a couple of examples. There's one really salient example we've seen right here", "32uye6ghrtI-00018-00012515-00013176": "in Brisbane at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. This is a cancer cluster. What", "32uye6ghrtI-00019-00013176-00013772": "do we mean by that? Well, I think it started out there were about six or eight women who", "32uye6ghrtI-00020-00013772-00014319": "were diagnosed with breast cancer who worked at the ABC. Then the number just kept growing.", "32uye6ghrtI-00021-00014319-00015019": "It went from 6 to 8 to 10 to 12. I think in the end they counted about 15 women who were", "32uye6ghrtI-00022-00015072-00015736": "diagnosed with cancer. They pinpointed it to a single desk at the ABC where each of", "32uye6ghrtI-00023-00015736-00016255": "the women were working—or maybe night shift. There were a bunch of things that were operating.", "32uye6ghrtI-00024-00016255-00016783": "They were trying to isolate what it was. They started looking at—well, they walked off", "32uye6ghrtI-00025-00016783-00017229": "the job, first of all, and they said, \"This is it. I'm not going to be part of this anymore.\"", "32uye6ghrtI-00026-00017229-00017612": "They walked out. They came back, and they worked for a little longer. They said, \"We", "32uye6ghrtI-00027-00017612-00018050": "want out of this building. This is a death trap,\" and on and on. I mean, there was a", "32uye6ghrtI-00028-00018050-00018479": "lot of media around it partly because they are the media, which is availability—that's", "32uye6ghrtI-00029-00018479-00018962": "operating as well—and then this idea of an availability cascade that Kahneman talks", "32uye6ghrtI-00030-00018962-00019900": "about—that was operating—also, looking for a common cause, which we've talked about a fair bit.", "32uye6ghrtI-00031-00019901-00020601": "So we have 15 women who've been diagnosed. Imagine it from their perspective. You couldn't", "32uye6ghrtI-00032-00020656-00021031": "help, as in the interview that we talked with Kahneman about...", "32uye6ghrtI-00033-00021031-00021078": "Gilovich.", "32uye6ghrtI-00034-00021078-00021568": "Or Tom Gilovich—that's right. He mentioned the case with Carl Sagan. If I had a dream", "32uye6ghrtI-00035-00021568-00022143": "about my grandfather dying, wake up the next morning, you would never convince him that", "32uye6ghrtI-00036-00022143-00022687": "it was a dream. The same thing's operating here. You see these two things, this cluster", "32uye6ghrtI-00037-00022687-00023194": "that's operating, this diagnosis, the salient event, this very personal event that you have,", "32uye6ghrtI-00038-00023194-00023894": "and all of the other people around. You're finding a pattern that may or may not exist.", "32uye6ghrtI-00039-00023959-00024573": "We also have 15 women who've been diagnosed. Is that a lot? I mean, this is 15 women compared", "32uye6ghrtI-00040-00024573-00025118": "to what? How many people work at the ABC? Is it 20? That would be an enormous number.", "32uye6ghrtI-00041-00025118-00025677": "Is it 200 or 2,000 or 20,000? Well, it depends. What do we mean by how many people have set", "32uye6ghrtI-00042-00025677-00026293": "foot in the building? Is that a fair comparison? Are we taking full time workers, part-time,", "32uye6ghrtI-00043-00026293-00026721": "contractors, construction workers? How many people do we consider in that equation? For", "32uye6ghrtI-00044-00026721-00027255": "how long? Do we go back a week? Do we go back 5 years, 50 years?", "32uye6ghrtI-00045-00027255-00027789": "So where you draw the circle around—what do you compare those 15 women to, and where do you draw that circle?", "32uye6ghrtI-00046-00027791-00028311": "That's right. Exactly. Who are we comparing the 15 women to? That's what they did in the", "32uye6ghrtI-00047-00028311-00028716": "called epidemiological reports. When they did the analysis to see if something fishy", "32uye6ghrtI-00048-00028716-00029416": "was going on at ABC studios, these are the sort of equations that they were doing.", "32uye6ghrtI-00049-00029416-00029919": "Another problem is what we talked about with the birthday problem. Is it odd? It is weird", "32uye6ghrtI-00050-00029919-00030619": "to have a workplace with 15 women who have the same diagnosis? Well, it is weird in a", "32uye6ghrtI-00051-00030750-00031374": "sense, but it's not weird with respect to any workplace in the entire country. It would", "32uye6ghrtI-00052-00031374-00032006": "be weird not to have a cluster, a lump. Chance is lumpy. It would be very strange not have", "32uye6ghrtI-00053-00032006-00032550": "a group of 15 women in any workplace across Australia with the same diagnosis.", "32uye6ghrtI-00054-00032550-00033109": "You need to do interesting things like look at the nature of the breast tissue to see", "32uye6ghrtI-00055-00033109-00033599": "if there's a common cause. In fact, there wasn't. It turns out that it was probably", "32uye6ghrtI-00056-00033599-00034299": "due to chance. It was probably due to something other than an official cluster, if you will.", "32uye6ghrtI-00057-00034305-00034475": "An illusory correlation.", "32uye6ghrtI-00058-00034475-00035033": "An illusory correlation—that's right. Think about it with respect to opinion change, which", "32uye6ghrtI-00059-00035033-00035718": "we talked about as well. Imagine having a diagnosis like that and seeing your colleagues", "32uye6ghrtI-00060-00035718-00036405": "work right beside you also having the same diagnosis. You're not going to be convinced", "32uye6ghrtI-00061-00036405-00037005": "that it's just coincidence, that it's chance. Trying to convince them otherwise—I couldn't", "32uye6ghrtI-00062-00037005-00037740": "be convinced. There's no way. When you're presented with formal data, how do you treat this information?", "32uye6ghrtI-00063-00037744-00038243": "It's a very tricky sort of scenario. As we said, there's a lot of things that are operating", "32uye6ghrtI-00064-00038243-00038799": "here. I hope people will apply everything that we've been learning about, see how all", "32uye6ghrtI-00065-00038799-00039268": "of these heuristics and biases are operating here because they are, to this health claim", "32uye6ghrtI-00066-00039268-00039650": "and others that we're dealing with that we haven't had a chance to talk about in this episode.", "32uye6ghrtI-00067-00039659-00040156": "Yes, so we've dealt with health claims this week. Last week we dealt with extraordinary", "32uye6ghrtI-00068-00040156-00040581": "claims. Next week we're going to deal with applied claims. We're going to tackle some", "32uye6ghrtI-00069-00040581-00041149": "pretty big issues. One of them is belief in climate change. Another one is some of our", "32uye6ghrtI-00070-00041149-00041697": "work actually on fingerprints and DNA and forensic science in the courtroom."}}, {"audio_id": "32AsPERrX_4", "text": {"32AsPERrX_4-00000-00000100-00000350": "Peace be upon you", "32AsPERrX_4-00001-00000360-00000450": "Hello everybody", "32AsPERrX_4-00002-00000459-00000650": "and welcome in \"system AC\" channel", "32AsPERrX_4-00003-00000700-00000950": "for computers and systems courses,", "32AsPERrX_4-00004-00001000-00001250": "Presented by engineer mohamed elnmr", "32AsPERrX_4-00005-00001300-00001550": "The channel offers many of courses for all IT,", "32AsPERrX_4-00006-00001600-00001950": "and computers students and lovers", "32AsPERrX_4-00007-00002000-00002250": "To reach the channel: write in your browser here", "32AsPERrX_4-00008-00002300-00002650": "youtube.com/mohamedelnmr", "32AsPERrX_4-00009-00002700-00002950": "Here you'll see the channel picture", "32AsPERrX_4-00010-00003000-00003150": "You can make subscribe from here", "32AsPERrX_4-00011-00003200-00003450": "and if you like to follow all news", "32AsPERrX_4-00012-00003500-00003650": "you can active the bell from here", "32AsPERrX_4-00013-00003700-00004050": "The channel offers free and paid courses", "32AsPERrX_4-00014-00004100-00004350": "If you like to know the free courses", "32AsPERrX_4-00015-00004400-00004550": "please complete the video", "32AsPERrX_4-00016-00004600-00004850": "We press playlists from here", "32AsPERrX_4-00017-00004900-00005250": "You'll see now two play-lists to learn servers", "32AsPERrX_4-00018-00005300-00005650": "administration, its types, how to use, how to install and", "32AsPERrX_4-00019-00005700-00005950": "other informations", "32AsPERrX_4-00020-00006000-00006350": "These two playlists in english and arabic languages, also", "32AsPERrX_4-00021-00006400-00006750": "it's translated into 7 different languages", "32AsPERrX_4-00022-00006800-00007150": "After that you'll find these two playlists for showing all", "32AsPERrX_4-00023-00007200-00007650": "the channel courses, contents and updates, in english and", "32AsPERrX_4-00024-00007700-00008050": "arabic, you'll see in all news", "32AsPERrX_4-00025-00008100-00008450": "In this course you'll learn all the information technology", "32AsPERrX_4-00026-00008500-00008950": "meanings, terms, job paths, famous companies, courses and", "32AsPERrX_4-00027-00009000-00009450": "certficates, it's availble in both english and arabic", "32AsPERrX_4-00028-00009500-00009850": "To continue press this arrow", "32AsPERrX_4-00029-00009900-00010350": "You'll see now the playlist of operating systems understanding,", "32AsPERrX_4-00030-00010400-00010650": "It's a set of complete videos explaining the operating", "32AsPERrX_4-00031-00010700-00011150": "systems concepts book with illustrated pictures and voice", "32AsPERrX_4-00032-00011200-00011650": "commenting,it has all big time, and it'll benefit everyone", "32AsPERrX_4-00033-00011700-00012150": "who need to learn the basics of operating systems", "32AsPERrX_4-00034-00012200-00012550": "Here, is a course for understanding Linux os, explained for", "32AsPERrX_4-00035-00012600-00013050": "the linux basics book with pictures and voice comments,", "32AsPERrX_4-00036-00013100-00013350": "but it in arabic only,", "32AsPERrX_4-00037-00013400-00013850": "And the last one is the ubuntu course, to learn the ubuntu", "32AsPERrX_4-00038-00013900-00014050": "desktop for beginners,", "32AsPERrX_4-00039-00014100-00014350": "As for the paid courses", "32AsPERrX_4-00040-00014400-00014750": "You can find it on udemy.com", "32AsPERrX_4-00041-00014800-00014950": "search with mohamed elnmr", "32AsPERrX_4-00042-00015000-00015250": "You'll see these results", "32AsPERrX_4-00043-00015300-00015650": "check the sign besids computer network in the filters here", "32AsPERrX_4-00044-00015700-00016050": "You'll see two course for learning networks for begineers", "32AsPERrX_4-00045-00016100-00016350": "In english and arabic", "32AsPERrX_4-00046-00016400-00016850": "It contains 7 lessons to learn the networks types,", "32AsPERrX_4-00047-00016900-00017250": "topologies, connections, devices, and others", "32AsPERrX_4-00048-00017300-00017650": "Lessons are in theoretical and practical", "32AsPERrX_4-00049-00017700-00018150": "The practical is done via the packet tracer network emulator,", "32AsPERrX_4-00050-00018200-00018450": "In the final lesson, we will design full network contains a", "32AsPERrX_4-00051-00018500-00018950": "set of segments, and make all those segments see each others", "32AsPERrX_4-00052-00019000-00019250": "Thank you for watching,", "32AsPERrX_4-00053-00019300-00019550": "Hope you'll find all things useful", "32AsPERrX_4-00054-00019600-00019750": "See you in the next videos", "32AsPERrX_4-00055-00019800-00020050": "Peace with you"}}, {"audio_id": "32EOGDBkwQA", "text": {"32EOGDBkwQA-00000-00000238-00000620": "Recurring donors are important to many nonprofits!", "32EOGDBkwQA-00001-00000620-00001109": "Nonprofit Success Pack’s Enhanced Recurring Donations lets us manage those sustaining", "32EOGDBkwQA-00002-00001109-00001360": "donations quickly and efficiently.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00003-00001360-00002009": "It also integrates with Elevate, a paid online donation platform in the Salesforce Nonprofit", "32EOGDBkwQA-00004-00002009-00002144": "Cloud.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00005-00002144-00002865": "Since we installed our instance of NPSP after March 2021, we already have Enhanced Recurring", "32EOGDBkwQA-00006-00002865-00002965": "Donations enabled.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00007-00002965-00003622": "Otherwise, NPSP documentation can help us see which version we are currently using and", "32EOGDBkwQA-00008-00003622-00004114": "understand migrating from the older feature, Legacy Recurring Donations.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00009-00004114-00004480": "Let’s see Enhanced recurring donations in action.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00010-00004480-00005017": "There are two types of recurring donations: open-ended and fixed lengths.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00011-00005017-00005634": "A fixed length donation has a specified number of installments, whereas an open-ended donation", "32EOGDBkwQA-00012-00005634-00005734": "does not.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00013-00005734-00005959": "It keeps going until we stop it.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00014-00005959-00006545": "Each recurring donation relates to a contact or account and includes an installment amount.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00015-00006545-00006972": "From there, what we enter depends on the type of recurring gift.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00016-00006972-00007580": "The interface will change dynamically so we enter the appropriate information.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00017-00007580-00008122": "We can customize the schedule beyond monthly donations by setting Recurring Schedule to", "32EOGDBkwQA-00018-00008122-00008692": "“Advanced”, but let’s enter a monthly donation for this example.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00019-00008692-00008939": "This choice requires a day of the month.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00020-00008939-00009577": "We can also record the date the recurring gift was established and any Effective Date--", "32EOGDBkwQA-00021-00009577-00010031": "this is the date of the most recent change in schedule or amount.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00022-00010031-00010675": "Finally, we can add a payment method or primary campaign source that will apply to all future", "32EOGDBkwQA-00023-00010675-00010868": "installments.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00024-00010868-00011170": "Our admin can add other fields we need as well.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00025-00011170-00011363": "Click Save.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00026-00011363-00011899": "Now we can see the overall schedule and upcoming installments easily with components on the", "32EOGDBkwQA-00027-00011899-00011999": "right.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00028-00011999-00012627": "And NPSP automatically generates the record for the next installment-- a single opportunity", "32EOGDBkwQA-00029-00012627-00013254": "with an open stage of Pledged, and a Close Date based on the schedule we’ve set.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00030-00013254-00013806": "We manage installments like any other opportunity - closing them with a Won stage when the expected", "32EOGDBkwQA-00031-00013806-00013933": "payments arrive.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00032-00013933-00014411": "When we close one installment, a new one is generated if the schedule says there are more", "32EOGDBkwQA-00033-00014411-00014511": "to come.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00034-00014511-00015112": "And, if we change the recurring details, existing unpaid installments are updated automatically!", "32EOGDBkwQA-00035-00015112-00015476": "This automation saves us tons of effort managing our data.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00036-00015476-00016063": "Enhanced recurring donations can also be set to create Allocations as well.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00037-00016063-00016576": "Here are some of the ways the automations can help us manage recurring donations:", "32EOGDBkwQA-00038-00016576-00017256": "Jasmine Holst has asked to increase her quarterly donation from $50 to $100, but she doesn’t", "32EOGDBkwQA-00039-00017256-00017705": "want to start giving $100 until *next* quarter.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00040-00017705-00018208": "So we change the amount to $100 now and we set the effective date for the new amount", "32EOGDBkwQA-00041-00018208-00018395": "to 2 months in the future.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00042-00018395-00019236": "That’s after this quarters’ $50 installment but before the $100 is expected next quarter.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00043-00019236-00019861": "After we save, we see that this quarter’s upcoming Opportunity is still $50, while all", "32EOGDBkwQA-00044-00019861-00020156": "future installments are $100.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00045-00020156-00020754": "Sam Addy has sent in an extra donation this month, and we can easily add an extra one-time", "32EOGDBkwQA-00046-00020754-00021276": "installment opportunity without interrupting future installments.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00047-00021276-00021909": "When we are entering Sam’s one-time donation, we simply relate it to our Recurring Donation.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00048-00021909-00022200": "The next installment is still open.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00049-00022200-00022790": "Juan Brady has requested a pause on his recurring donations while he sails to Australia.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00050-00022790-00023251": "His Enhanced recurring donation has a pause button that puts the process on hold for up", "32EOGDBkwQA-00051-00023251-00023459": "to 12 months.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00052-00023459-00023929": "Enhanced recurring donations will allow us to act quickly to meet the needs of our loyal", "32EOGDBkwQA-00053-00023929-00024065": "champions!", "32EOGDBkwQA-00054-00024065-00024569": "Check out NPSP documentation for more details and best practices.", "32EOGDBkwQA-00055-00024569-00024690": "Thanks for watching."}}, {"audio_id": "3300DXCMlyy", "text": {"3300DXCMlyy-00000-00000000-00000200": "TDS(Tax deducted at source)"}}, {"audio_id": "33u8fu-F1m4", "text": {"33u8fu-F1m4-00000-00000000-00000200": "I was informed that a friend of mine has been deleted and banned forever IMVU says that you can not restore the banned account and deleted account which is a lie in this video you can see that the imvu-support lies and that unrestrainedly im Addendum say the IMVU support that the nickname owner of the account should create a new account to make a ticket so that they can do something which is not possible because of the train if you are banned you cannot create a new account and they have banned and deleted and thus also deleted the second account", "33u8fu-F1m4-00001-00000200-00000266": "since IMVU claims you can't get back a deleted account, that's a lie, the proof is in this video", "33u8fu-F1m4-00002-00000290-00000473": "there is clearly one account that was deleted and banned anyway IMVU support says it is not possible to recover banned accounts deleted accounts can't get them back", "33u8fu-F1m4-00003-00000473-00000673": "this is a lie from IMVU support the proof is in this video then person got deleted and banned again today and after 5 minutes chatted again with the account that was banned and deleted told me to leave the accounts unrecoverable are hereby the lie begins IMVU support is dead cold claiming that it is not possible to recover three accounts that are parchment banned and deleted", "33u8fu-F1m4-00004-00000673-00000873": "The suggestion from support was that I show the account owner how to create a new account, but that doesn't work because the account owner is banned, so all new accounts are deleted directly can make a new account so you have to activate it yes you don't want to do that I will now upload this video because for this reason I will not receive any more money", "33u8fu-F1m4-00005-00000873-00001073": "little short story a friend wanted to write a PN this PN is just a push on you because if you write a PN you violate the guidelines and that is exactly a problem and does not claim no jenny has just started the war i have it in There was a video in there and then you sent me something with network and guidelines and that was a mistake because if you had read the text you would have known that the woman was just writing a private message and that means a private message to someone to tell me that he wasn't is online", "33u8fu-F1m4-00006-00001073-00001123": "and since you claim that you can't restore accounts and banned accounts at the hole and can't unlock them, that's a lie", "33u8fu-F1m4-00007-00001123-00001323": "the IMVU support live chat can only be reached if you have VIP well but mostly offline you can't reach him maybe you should change that the goods can reach without VIP your system wall without reason only on suspicion and deletes account to protect the owner what a load of nonsense just because little hackers like that are trying to get in there and that's sub-complex what you are doing is even more sub-complex", "33u8fu-F1m4-00008-00001323-00001523": "in this video i will prove that you are lying money hungry and your system is rubbish you want money but your system with the support of IMVU is a bunch of shit as I said you sent me in reply if you PM you are against the guidelines period and the accounts are unrecoverable you can't get them back and that's a lie you're screwing people from A to Z", "33u8fu-F1m4-00009-00001523-00001723": "Sandy night shadow was deleted and banned the deletion is forever according to your statement but you didn't lift the ban because it's also forever and so I'm wondering how it can be that other accounts that are also deleted and banned can come back in let's think about it for a moment, could it be possible that people are kidding you, yes you are kidding people, otherwise we wouldn't be able to have this account again and so I feel kidded now, above all, write me what you can see in the video, I want it please tell the owner she wants to create a new account even though she's banned and she should make a ticket even though she's banned here like no logic behind it or it doesn't work", "33u8fu-F1m4-00010-00001723-00001773": "The reason for the ban was allegedly fraudulent intentions and therefore also the reason for the deletion under fraudulent intentions I understand that you post a link but she didn't even come to write an e-mail so your ban is pointless", "33u8fu-F1m4-00011-00001773-00001973": "since it insists that a private message is worth a wan, you are not allowed to write or send any more, because you are violating the guidelines yourself advertising from you via private message is then also a violation of the guidelines and don't say that would not be true because you wrote me that if I write a private message it is a violation", "33u8fu-F1m4-00012-00001973-00002173": "and thus you are violating your own policy", "33u8fu-F1m4-00013-00002173-00002373": "There was no response to my tickets for several hours, I only got an answer at 1 p.m. and that is also not correct. The incompetence is no desire and sub-complex if your finished Opel ready-made standard mails from here no interest in what to do as already explained if you're banned, you can't do anything, so you'd have to lift the ban and restore the accounts quickly, but since you don't want to do that, this video will be your downfall, you didn't have the chance anymore", "33u8fu-F1m4-00014-00002373-00002573": "this video how put you in a bad light namely IMVU IMVU support because you are not willing to change the live chat in support I warned you from my side", "33u8fu-F1m4-00015-00002573-00002623": "and so the video for you is the downfall", "33u8fu-F1m4-00016-00005631-00008639": "as you can see here you are claiming everything I said before", "33u8fu-F1m4-00017-00008639-00008839": "and don't tell me that was taken out of context, read what's there for yourself"}}, {"audio_id": "33R9sVqlVhY", "text": {"33R9sVqlVhY-00000-00000871-00001671": "Hey there! It's Diane, the nursing geek. November 28. Three days of writing left", "33R9sVqlVhY-00001-00001671-00002724": "to finish out NaNoWriMo! This is the last Wednesday of the month, so it's the last", "33R9sVqlVhY-00002-00002724-00003369": "where I have class to teach in the evening and have to simply accept that", "33R9sVqlVhY-00003-00003369-00003740": "there there is no writing that will happen after work. That's just not a", "33R9sVqlVhY-00004-00003740-00004482": "happening event. So whatever I get done now is it for the day. I'm at forty six", "33R9sVqlVhY-00005-00004482-00004889": "thousand five hundred ninety eight words, eight hundred and ninety three of which", "33R9sVqlVhY-00006-00004889-00005559": "I wrote yesterday. So definitely slowing way down but that's still totally doable", "33R9sVqlVhY-00007-00005559-00006135": "to finish by the end of the month. I would like to crank out a thousand words", "33R9sVqlVhY-00008-00006135-00007275": "this morning in search of that goal, but still feeling kind of stuck, so I'm going", "33R9sVqlVhY-00009-00007275-00007922": "to turn on my playlist, crank it up and see if I can't just force these", "33R9sVqlVhY-00010-00007922-00008424": "characters to do something that moves them closer to the final conflict and", "33R9sVqlVhY-00011-00008424-00009396": "the end. All right fifteen hundred and twenty six words later, I'm feeling", "33R9sVqlVhY-00012-00009396-00009968": "pretty good about this! Especially since that brought me to forty eight thousand", "33R9sVqlVhY-00013-00009968-00010579": "one hundred twenty four words. Less than two thousand words to get to 50k and", "33R9sVqlVhY-00014-00010579-00011243": "somewhere close to an ending. The next scene should be interesting to write,", "33R9sVqlVhY-00015-00011243-00012000": "because the way this one ended - and I did get all the way to the end of the scene", "33R9sVqlVhY-00016-00012000-00012453": "because I pushed a little beyond the hour that I had planned to write - sounds", "33R9sVqlVhY-00017-00012453-00013056": "like one of the characters is going to give some explanations. That means the", "33R9sVqlVhY-00018-00013056-00013416": "next bit is probably going to be an info dump that will ultimately get edited,", "33R9sVqlVhY-00019-00013416-00014208": "because info dumps are boring. But she is gonna have to explain a few things to", "33R9sVqlVhY-00020-00014208-00014907": "the other characters so that that can just ...yeah. That'll be an easier fix than", "33R9sVqlVhY-00021-00014907-00015354": "most, and maybe in the meantime she'll explain a few things to me, because I", "33R9sVqlVhY-00022-00015354-00016146": "still don't entirely know what needs... I know what needs to happen. I know how", "33R9sVqlVhY-00023-00016146-00016671": "this needs to end. Once again I'm just not entirely sure how to get there,", "33R9sVqlVhY-00024-00016671-00017205": "because my outline was really sparse. Which tends to be how I outline", "33R9sVqlVhY-00025-00017205-00018051": "anyway in general, but I'm really wishing I had been a little more detailed this", "33R9sVqlVhY-00026-00018051-00018731": "time. We'll see if I manage to be a little more detailed for the next book.", "33R9sVqlVhY-00027-00018731-00019482": "Considering the way the spring semester is shaping up to look for me, that's kind", "33R9sVqlVhY-00028-00019482-00020256": "of unlikely, considering I plan to draft that during April's Camp. For book 3, that", "33R9sVqlVhY-00029-00020256-00020853": "I want to draft during July's Camp. That should be totally doable. I'm sure", "33R9sVqlVhY-00030-00020853-00021264": "there'll be a ton of admissions-related stuff that I'll have to do in June, but I am", "33R9sVqlVhY-00031-00021264-00021801": "NOT as of right now teaching classes in June, so I might actually be able to do a", "33R9sVqlVhY-00032-00021801-00022788": "decent draft on my days off and evenings and whatever. Anyway, that's getting way", "33R9sVqlVhY-00033-00022788-00023676": "ahead of myself. For now, breathing a sigh of relief at being much closer to where", "33R9sVqlVhY-00034-00023676-00024378": "I need to be by the end of this week, even though there is literally just no", "33R9sVqlVhY-00035-00024378-00025026": "chance that I'm going to be writing at all tonight. So on that note, I'm gonna", "33R9sVqlVhY-00036-00025026-00025662": "sign off and call it a day, and I will see you tomorrow. In the meantime, have a great", "33R9sVqlVhY-00037-00025662-00026000": "day! Bye!"}}, {"audio_id": "344L8fEER8u", "text": {"344L8fEER8u-00000-00000000-00000528": "two things I've learned as a psychotic number one people who don't need help look an awful", "344L8fEER8u-00001-00000528-00001086": "lot like people who do need help and number two human connection is the most powerful tool", "344L8fEER8u-00002-00001086-00001494": "that we have in the fight against mental health problems so tag a friend and check in on them"}}, {"audio_id": "34thkUB7HlU", "text": {"34thkUB7HlU-00000-00000000-00002000": "SUBSCRIBE!!!!!!", "34thkUB7HlU-00001-00002000-00006000": "MY MUSIC ON SPOTIFY❤👇🏾", "34thkUB7HlU-00002-00006194-00019203": "BPM: 160 - KEY: Bb Minor"}}, {"audio_id": "34EhkEgYvPE", "text": {"34EhkEgYvPE-00000-00000095-00000326": "- So, Darwin had these observations.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00001-00000329-00000793": "Based on those observations, he made some inferences.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00002-00000795-00001014": "His inferences were, like,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00003-00001016-00001189": "almost like conclusions", "34EhkEgYvPE-00004-00001191-00001601": "that he drew based on the observations that he made,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00005-00001604-00001835": "and the first inference that he made,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00006-00001837-00002035": "the first thing that he thought of where he was like,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00007-00002037-00002647": "you know what, if all of these are true,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00008-00002650-00003097": "then some critters are going to be more likely", "34EhkEgYvPE-00009-00003099-00003485": "to survive than others.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00010-00003487-00003697": "Okay, I'm going to write it like this.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00011-00003699-00004660": "Differential survival. Okay.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00012-00004662-00004876": "Some of them are more likely", "34EhkEgYvPE-00013-00004879-00005189": "to survive and let's take it a step further.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00014-00005191-00005356": "Let's say there's going to be", "34EhkEgYvPE-00015-00005358-00006218": "differential survival due to inherited traits.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00016-00006220-00006814": "Now, I want you to think about this for one second.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00017-00006816-00007385": "If, for example, my kids were more likely", "34EhkEgYvPE-00018-00007387-00007797": "to survive because I dyed their hair blue,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00019-00007800-00008110": "blue hair is not an inherited trait.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00020-00008112-00008447": "That's just something that I was phenomenal", "34EhkEgYvPE-00021-00008450-00008760": "and decided to give them blue hair and then,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00022-00008762-00009076": "because I was so phenomenal and they now have blue hair,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00023-00009079-00009297": "they're more likely to survive.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00024-00009299-00009418": "But that blue hair,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00025-00009420-00009597": "they might learn, they might--", "34EhkEgYvPE-00026-00009600-00009960": "an inherited trait could be that they're really smart,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00027-00009962-00010176": "like their mama,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00028-00010179-00010505": "and they might dye their kids' hair blue", "34EhkEgYvPE-00029-00010508-00010801": "so that their kids are more likely to survive--", "34EhkEgYvPE-00030-00010804-00011105": "I have no idea where this analogy is coming from--", "34EhkEgYvPE-00031-00011108-00011605": "but the hair itself is not an inherited trait.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00032-00011608-00012164": "The hair is something that I just added into the mix.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00033-00012166-00012397": "This only works,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00034-00012399-00012676": "Darwin's little plan here, his little conclusion,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00035-00012679-00013026": "only works with inherited traits.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00036-00013029-00013193": "So it's not an example", "34EhkEgYvPE-00037-00013195-00014097": "of differential survival due to his process unless the variety,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00038-00014099-00014397": "the variation, can be inherited.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00039-00014399-00014514": "So, if we were to go back", "34EhkEgYvPE-00040-00014516-00014793": "and think about our population of lady bugs,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00041-00014795-00014922": "if, for some reason,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00042-00014925-00015181": "the polka-dotted lady bugs were more likely", "34EhkEgYvPE-00043-00015183-00015622": "to survive and the polka dots were an inherited trait,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00044-00015625-00015889": "then this is his conclusion.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00045-00015891-00016110": "That this is what happens.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00046-00016112-00016347": "And then his second conclusion is,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00047-00016350-00016718": "his second inference is,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00048-00016720-00017297": "that those whose inherited traits", "34EhkEgYvPE-00049-00017299-00017781": "give them a survival advantage--", "34EhkEgYvPE-00050-00017783-00018718": "those with survival advantage--", "34EhkEgYvPE-00051-00018720-00019372": "will probably make more babies.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00052-00019375-00019631": "What? I told you.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00053-00019633-00019856": "It all comes down to baby making.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00054-00019858-00020581": "Like, everything comes down to baby making.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00055-00020583-00020776": "Now, not all of them are going to survive.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00056-00020779-00020989": "They all have different characteristics,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00057-00020991-00021197": "but those inherited characteristics", "34EhkEgYvPE-00058-00021199-00021468": "that give them an advantage--", "34EhkEgYvPE-00059-00021470-00021681": "a survival advantage--", "34EhkEgYvPE-00060-00021683-00022114": "means they're more likely to make babies and this,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00061-00022116-00022747": "my friends, is the definition of fitness.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00062-00022750-00023168": "I mean, fitness is not how far you can run.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00063-00023170-00023556": "Evolutionary fitness is, basically,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00064-00023558-00023797": "how many babies you can make.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00065-00023799-00024197": "So I could totally ask you a quiz question where I said,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00066-00024199-00024814": "look, Fred's got awesome muscles,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00067-00024816-00024997": "he's really good looking,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00068-00024999-00025460": "he lives until he's 120 years old,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00069-00025462-00025697": "and he has one kid.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00070-00025699-00026214": "George is, well, we won't describe George,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00071-00026216-00027010": "but he lives until he's about 42 and he has 13 kids.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00072-00027012-00027585": "Who is more fit from an evolutionary perspective?", "34EhkEgYvPE-00073-00027587-00027747": "Old boy, I forgot what his name was.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00074-00027750-00027943": "Was it George? George,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00075-00027945-00028168": "who had 13 kids.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00076-00028170-00028831": "George passed on more genes so he was a fitter human.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00077-00028833-00029397": "He contributed more genetics to his population.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00078-00029399-00029889": "He made the gene pool more like him.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00079-00029891-00030043": "Go, George, go.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00080-00030045-00030531": "Sorry for your luck 120-year-old guy who only had one kid.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00081-00030533-00031035": "Like, what did you contribute to the gene pool?", "34EhkEgYvPE-00082-00031037-00031235": "All right.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00083-00031237-00031731": "Can you visualize how natural selection can cause changes?", "34EhkEgYvPE-00084-00031733-00032097": "This whole thing is natural selection.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00085-00032099-00032385": "The fact that not everybody survives", "34EhkEgYvPE-00086-00032387-00032772": "but those who do are more likely to make babies and,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00087-00032775-00033456": "if the gene pool changes because of this differential survival", "34EhkEgYvPE-00088-00033458-00033847": "and differential reproduction,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00089-00033850-00034118": "that's evolution.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00090-00034120-00034497": "Now, I was going to tell you something.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00091-00034499-00034997": "Oh, that's one way that we can have change in allele frequency.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00092-00034999-00035210": "Through the process of natural selection.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00093-00035212-00035710": "And natural selection happens all the time,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00094-00035712-00035839": "and we can see it happening.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00095-00035841-00036089": "We can study it as it happens.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00096-00036091-00036397": "And we can definitely visualize how, yeah,", "34EhkEgYvPE-00097-00036399-00036668": "we can totally change the genetics of a population", "34EhkEgYvPE-00098-00036670-00037072": "by selecting certain characteristics", "34EhkEgYvPE-00099-00037075-00037264": "that are heritable.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00100-00037266-00037689": "It's not the only way that evolutionary change happens.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00101-00037691-00037839": "It's not the only way", "34EhkEgYvPE-00102-00037841-00038185": "that we can change the allele frequency in our population.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00103-00038187-00038410": "I have two more ways to talk about so", "34EhkEgYvPE-00104-00038412-00038789": "let's first talk about gene flow.", "34EhkEgYvPE-00105-00038791-00039029": "Feel the flow, dogs."}}, {"audio_id": "351_zecC75y", "text": {"351_zecC75y-00000-00000003-00000357": "Here's a good, I want to ask you a question. Sure. I had a guy call in the", "351_zecC75y-00001-00000357-00000876": "other day, two days ago on the Rise Guys. Yeah. He said, I cheated on my wife and I", "351_zecC75y-00002-00000876-00001238": "feel like I needed to tell her because it's driving me crazy. He said what", "351_zecC75y-00003-00001238-00001703": "should I do? What would you do?  Like literally like my heart is like racing", "351_zecC75y-00004-00001703-00002214": "out of my chest right now because I cheated on my ex-wife yeah and have", "351_zecC75y-00005-00002214-00002643": "never told a single person ever. Like the truth has to be put out there. Like it", "351_zecC75y-00006-00002643-00003285": "has to be put out because what's the alternative? Right. Withholding the truth", "351_zecC75y-00007-00003285-00003714": "is the exact same thing as lying. Yeah And it's like do you want to live a lie", "351_zecC75y-00008-00003714-00004086": "or do you want to live in truth and there's really no in-between and when", "351_zecC75y-00009-00004086-00004487": "you start thinking about that then it puts everything in this perspective of", "351_zecC75y-00010-00004487-00005153": "like seeking the truth in all areas of your life. Which is a very interesting", "351_zecC75y-00011-00005153-00005805": "place to be but it's a very expansive place to be mentally. Oh yeah. When you're", "351_zecC75y-00012-00005805-00006092": "all about the truth."}}, {"audio_id": "35k9QPMFKp8", "text": {"35k9QPMFKp8-00000-00001359-00001802": "Hey, babe so welcome back, today i'm gonna be doing another tutorial on our half-up half-down", "35k9QPMFKp8-00001-00001848-00002307": "Quick lead except this time i did a little ombre on the hair so if you guys have", "35k9QPMFKp8-00002-00002307-00002649": "Not already seen that video definitely go ahead and click the link in the my description", "35k9QPMFKp8-00003-00002649-00003252": "Box to kind of check it out i partnered up with, ally, julia here for this one so i'm just starting off with", "35k9QPMFKp8-00004-00003252-00003452": "some freshly, washed hair and", "35k9QPMFKp8-00005-00003559-00004127": "Yeah, just kind of blew it out i'm literally gonna go ahead and section my hair off a half and half a little bit actually", "35k9QPMFKp8-00006-00004137-00004508": "Less than half in the front because i kind of want the ponytail to be pushed", "35k9QPMFKp8-00007-00004509-00004787": "A little bit forward so you can kind of determine exactly", "35k9QPMFKp8-00008-00004787-00004988": "where you want your partings to be i", "35k9QPMFKp8-00009-00005014-00005096": "guess a good", "35k9QPMFKp8-00010-00005096-00005726": "Ideal spot it's gonna literally be like right behind your ears or kind of where ear start so just depends on you how", "35k9QPMFKp8-00011-00005727-00005933": "You, feel i ended up actually", "35k9QPMFKp8-00012-00005985-00006392": "Not leaving out any hair initially i was going to but i kind of decided that", "35k9QPMFKp8-00013-00006480-00006567": "Yeah i didn't", "35k9QPMFKp8-00014-00006567-00007050": "Want to do this for this tutorial just because i feel like it could totally be like a protective style for someone so", "35k9QPMFKp8-00015-00007065-00007535": "Yeah, and as you can, see i'm just using a rec tail comb just to make sure that, my parting is a", "35k9QPMFKp8-00016-00007590-00007925": "Fairly, neat it won't be super perfect, which is fine so?", "35k9QPMFKp8-00017-00008578-00009111": "Alright so once i pretty much have that section off i did go ahead and use a little hair tie just to get the front", "35k9QPMFKp8-00018-00009111-00009665": "Of my hair out of the way, and i'm literally just gonna, do two big chunky braids it does not have to be perfect", "35k9QPMFKp8-00019-00009665-00009896": "Because i'm gonna put a weight cap", "35k9QPMFKp8-00020-00009897-00010355": "Over it and then just glue the hair on so it does not have to be neat at all even if you", "35k9QPMFKp8-00021-00010356-00010826": "Had your, hair i'm like twist or a bunch of plats it's completely up to you, like as long as the wig cap", "35k9QPMFKp8-00022-00010827-00011072": "Goes on the, hair will lay flat so you, okay?", "35k9QPMFKp8-00023-00011999-00012532": "All right and so as you can see the brain is like superduper. Chunky, and like i said it's not perfect", "35k9QPMFKp8-00024-00012532-00012963": "Any of my partying going across, like the top of my, head is not perfect, so try not to worry too much", "35k9QPMFKp8-00025-00012963-00013698": "About that i am gonna be using their body, wave hair i have to 20 inches into 20 s of their brazilian", "35k9QPMFKp8-00026-00013698-00013894": "Body, wave they, did also send me a", "35k9QPMFKp8-00027-00013894-00013984": "Frontal but i'm not", "35k9QPMFKp8-00028-00013984-00014631": "Gonna, use it just because obviously this is gonna be a more natural hair type of video although it's not really with, my neck here", "35k9QPMFKp8-00029-00014713-00014913": "yeah", "35k9QPMFKp8-00030-00015068-00015340": "Alright so once you pretty much get that braid it all the way down", "35k9QPMFKp8-00031-00015380-00015813": "You, pretty much just want to tuck away the end so you could decide to use a", "35k9QPMFKp8-00032-00015813-00016213": "Bobby pin do this even i don't know, sew it down if you, feel the need?", "35k9QPMFKp8-00033-00016213-00016566": "But i literally just crisscross them into the opposite braids", "35k9QPMFKp8-00034-00016567-00016966": "And yeah that's pretty much it so to go ahead and sleek up, my point so i'm using a", "35k9QPMFKp8-00035-00016966-00017274": "Big gotta, be glue edge control yah i just discovered this", "35k9QPMFKp8-00036-00017339-00017922": "Literally, my, favorite like, maybe not the top the cream of nature but definitely one of my, new", "35k9QPMFKp8-00037-00017923-00018411": "Go-to, products it's really really, soft, smooth it's kind of like, similar to the jam i don't know", "35k9QPMFKp8-00038-00018412-00018460": "If you, guys remember", "35k9QPMFKp8-00039-00018460-00018607": "It but it smells really really", "35k9QPMFKp8-00040-00018607-00019254": "Good it smells like oranges gives you a nice little sheen to your hair it holds it but obviously it's kind of greasy", "35k9QPMFKp8-00041-00019298-00019663": "Because it does have that oil product in there so i wouldn't depend on it for just", "35k9QPMFKp8-00042-00019732-00020499": "Control, so i'm gonna go ahead and use the cream of nature extra-strength argan oil edge control this one is in like the yellowish orange", "35k9QPMFKp8-00043-00020531-00020850": "You know container you guys can, use the right one completely up to you", "35k9QPMFKp8-00044-00020851-00021417": "But this one holds my hair a little bit easier and for all you guys wondering if you follow", "35k9QPMFKp8-00045-00021418-00021865": "Me on instagram or snapchat on my instant story i did go ahead and post it i was contemplating", "35k9QPMFKp8-00046-00021893-00022360": "Texturizing my edges y'all i gave in i did it so i actually, want to do a video to show", "35k9QPMFKp8-00047-00022360-00022980": "you Exactly how i do it because i literally only only put it like in the very front of my hair so i would definitely want", "35k9QPMFKp8-00048-00022981-00023185": "To show, you that so leave any comments below", "35k9QPMFKp8-00049-00023185-00023220": "if you", "35k9QPMFKp8-00050-00023220-00023823": "Want to know how i do it then once we get the ponytail really really sleek go ahead and take another hairband i'm using the", "35k9QPMFKp8-00051-00023851-00024249": "Elastic hair bands not really a rubber band because of course that will pull and tug at", "35k9QPMFKp8-00052-00024250-00024480": "Your hair, and yeah just pull it really really tight", "35k9QPMFKp8-00053-00024578-00024868": "so i know it depends on the thickness of your hair, my ponytail", "35k9QPMFKp8-00054-00024868-00025185": "was kind of thick but i did go ahead and just break this down and", "35k9QPMFKp8-00055-00025235-00025726": "Depending on how much hair you part off across the top will depend on how much you know or how", "35k9QPMFKp8-00056-00025726-00026061": "Thick, that plenty time they end up being so you kind of have a couple of options", "35k9QPMFKp8-00057-00026062-00026213": "you can Go, ahead and braid your hair down", "35k9QPMFKp8-00058-00026213-00026820": "Wrap this up or literally use the bible you can method she wrapped the tracks around it if you guys have not seen", "35k9QPMFKp8-00059-00026858-00027423": "My, sikh ponytail go ahead and click that link i'll leave it down below as, well just in case you need to know", "35k9QPMFKp8-00060-00027424-00027910": "How to wrap the track around a ponytail as opposed to making this little bitty bun that i'm gonna end up", "35k9QPMFKp8-00061-00027910-00028452": "Making i'm just gonna give you an option because i realize, not everybody's hair is gonna go into this little, bitty", "35k9QPMFKp8-00062-00028452-00028652": "Not that i'm attempting to make so", "35k9QPMFKp8-00063-00028694-00028894": "Yeah, and you definitely don't want the", "35k9QPMFKp8-00064-00028919-00029119": "ponytail, peeking through so", "35k9QPMFKp8-00065-00030002-00030250": "Once i get that pretty much situated i'm just taking", "35k9QPMFKp8-00066-00030250-00030673": "My, wig cap i got this from the bu supply store and usually i come to my wig", "35k9QPMFKp8-00067-00030731-00031321": "Whenever i purchased a wig so yeah i usually recycle them but whatever. Yes i'm just gonna literally. Push this", "35k9QPMFKp8-00068-00031321-00031705": "Back just to let, my parting areas a little bit exposed so i can kind of remember", "35k9QPMFKp8-00069-00031733-00032006": "Where to stop when i'm placing those tracks but either, way", "35k9QPMFKp8-00070-00032006-00032431": "No, big deal because i'm gonna, overlap them and curve them up so that all of the hair", "35k9QPMFKp8-00071-00032431-00032722": "Is kind of like cascading onto the other track", "35k9QPMFKp8-00072-00032722-00033400": "And here's the ombre here it's a very very light ombre nothing too crazy, still he even has those reddish brown", "35k9QPMFKp8-00073-00033400-00033757": "Tones which is exactly, what i was going for i did not tone the?", "35k9QPMFKp8-00074-00033758-00034294": "Hair i'm not gonna read bleach it or anything this is exactly what i want it so we'll kind of go from there so?", "35k9QPMFKp8-00075-00034331-00034894": "I'm just pulling the little band that's on the hair off and then i'll start to glue so i actually blow", "35k9QPMFKp8-00076-00034894-00035140": "Drop the tracks like out i didn't even like", "35k9QPMFKp8-00077-00035171-00035566": "Unravel them to dry so as you can see the base of the hair is still a little bit wet but", "35k9QPMFKp8-00078-00035566-00036007": "By the end of the video the hair, was completely dry, so that was fine i'm using my", "35k9QPMFKp8-00079-00036068-00036433": "32nd salon pro glue it comes in like this grayish red", "35k9QPMFKp8-00080-00036433-00037066": "Bottle literally 30 seconds it's the only one that i use because the other ones require like a blow-dryer it just takes forever egde", "35k9QPMFKp8-00081-00037200-00037897": "It just takes forever to dry and so yeah this is pretty much what i'm doing i'm literally just idling tracks back", "35k9QPMFKp8-00082-00037897-00038524": "And forth until i get to about the middle portion of this and this is just a really quick view of how i'm like", "35k9QPMFKp8-00083-00038562-00038878": "Holding, the track to be able to put the glue on it cuz i can kind of get tricky", "35k9QPMFKp8-00084-00038984-00039610": "And i'm not using like too too much glue as you can see i do not place the tracks", "35k9QPMFKp8-00085-00039611-00040069": "Like right over top of each other especially, where my hair got a little bit lumpy i just literally", "35k9QPMFKp8-00086-00040069-00040537": "Skip that little portion and continue to glue so you can put them as closer as far as part as you need to", "35k9QPMFKp8-00087-00040593-00041075": "Depending on the thickness of the weed that you have but for me it was no big deal i didn't, want it to be like", "35k9QPMFKp8-00088-00041136-00041764": "Superduper heavy because of course it's food on a track and it could literally slip off so, we don't have time for that and", "35k9QPMFKp8-00089-00042262-00042701": "All right so this is pretty much what this looks like as you can, see i'm about", "35k9QPMFKp8-00090-00042702-00043290": "Halfway, done i'm just literally, gonna continue to curve the tracks up and then once i get to the top i'm still", "35k9QPMFKp8-00091-00043290-00043940": "Gonna close it off the same but the goal is to use the smallest truck as possible to kind of just disguise everything else so", "35k9QPMFKp8-00092-00044340-00044690": "All right so for that very last track i literally just put it over that very last", "35k9QPMFKp8-00093-00044690-00044990": "Little parting area so that everything else is this size", "35k9QPMFKp8-00094-00044994-00045215": "And yeah that, was pretty much it i just let", "35k9QPMFKp8-00095-00045215-00045575": "That dry for a couple seconds and we were all good once everything?", "35k9QPMFKp8-00096-00045575-00046052": "Was dry i did go ahead and just brush through the hair to get ready rid of any like flyaways or anything like", "35k9QPMFKp8-00097-00046052-00046252": "that and i", "35k9QPMFKp8-00098-00046275-00046475": "Believe that i did go in and just", "35k9QPMFKp8-00099-00046480-00046902": "Put in some quick little wand curls just to kind of style this up i didn't", "35k9QPMFKp8-00100-00046902-00047246": "Want to wait till the very end of the video to do it but i did that off camera so you", "35k9QPMFKp8-00101-00047246-00047582": "Guys, are not familiar how, to do that of course i have a video for that as, well", "35k9QPMFKp8-00102-00047700-00048305": "And this is what the ombre looks like and it was just very like i don't know", "35k9QPMFKp8-00103-00048306-00048962": "It wasn't only much of an ombre it was just twice the tips of the hair, so that was really cute and yeah efficient", "35k9QPMFKp8-00104-00049150-00049556": "Alright so if you guys are interested in how, did the pony sell method i'm not using a", "35k9QPMFKp8-00105-00049556-00049958": "Bobby pin or anything - pretty much place this down, usually i'm actually", "35k9QPMFKp8-00106-00049958-00050513": "Using the track itself just going to wrap it around the base of the ponytail and continue to wrap the tracks until", "35k9QPMFKp8-00107-00050562-00050771": "It's time to pretty much finish it off so", "35k9QPMFKp8-00108-00052508-00052708": "All right so once you're getting close to", "35k9QPMFKp8-00109-00052847-00053026": "Pretty much the end of the track you", "35k9QPMFKp8-00110-00053026-00053608": "Want to use a little bit of that track to just wrap around the face and to pretty much cover the base of the ponytail", "35k9QPMFKp8-00111-00053660-00053854": "It's definitely gonna help it stand up", "35k9QPMFKp8-00112-00053854-00054211": "A little bit taller than normal which is fine and that?", "35k9QPMFKp8-00113-00054211-00054693": "Also helps to kind of hide the ponytail that's on the middle because yeah you, don't want that peeking out so", "35k9QPMFKp8-00114-00054766-00055233": "Usually i would take, some hairspray just to make sure that everything is in place but i think i ended up rewrapping", "35k9QPMFKp8-00115-00055234-00055569": "This, after the video is over just to make it a little bit tighter but", "35k9QPMFKp8-00116-00055570-00055978": "Yeah, just for the sake of the video here's that, and i'm gonna secure it with a", "35k9QPMFKp8-00117-00055978-00056146": "bobby pin whenever i feel comfortable", "35k9QPMFKp8-00118-00056146-00056665": "And yeah that's pretty much it i just of course added some long curls to the ponytail", "35k9QPMFKp8-00119-00056708-00056923": "just to kind of finish off the style and", "35k9QPMFKp8-00120-00057119-00057654": "Of course i did go ahead and do my little baby hair as you guys know. You don't have to do this it's completely optional", "35k9QPMFKp8-00121-00057716-00058230": "Um but other than that i definitely leave any comments or questions down, below, let me know if you guys are", "35k9QPMFKp8-00122-00058230-00058364": "Going, to try this if you have", "35k9QPMFKp8-00123-00058364-00058447": "what trouble", "35k9QPMFKp8-00124-00058447-00058511": "did you have", "35k9QPMFKp8-00125-00058511-00058939": "Just in case i need to do another one and be a little bit more detailed in the video but", "35k9QPMFKp8-00126-00058939-00059308": "Um yeah, other than that i love you, guys so much stay pretty and i'll see you next time"}}, {"audio_id": "35yZt-IMFQU", "text": {"35yZt-IMFQU-00000-00000016-00000672": "oh okay come here come here i've seen god heal this so much okay abraham come here", "35yZt-IMFQU-00001-00000672-00000896": "we're gonna see this this is really cool actually", "35yZt-IMFQU-00002-00000976-00001544": "hold it come around here it's okay to get close yeah so as you can see come here let me see", "35yZt-IMFQU-00003-00001784-00002440": "as you can see her leg is so much shorter than the other leg okay so i want you to hold the", "35yZt-IMFQU-00004-00002440-00002976": "camera like this and we're gonna pray that her leg is gonna grow and we've seen this happen so much", "35yZt-IMFQU-00005-00002976-00003504": "i've seen a lot of legs regrow so we're gonna pray right now that a leg is going to regrow i mean", "35yZt-IMFQU-00006-00003504-00004216": "we have quite a bit of difference yes okay so do you believe in jesus mom okay you're a christian", "35yZt-IMFQU-00007-00004288-00004808": "okay you believe in god that he can heal and he wants to heal he's a good good god right i've seen", "35yZt-IMFQU-00008-00004808-00005176": "so many people get healed all around the world with their legs we've grown okay so we're going", "35yZt-IMFQU-00009-00005176-00005704": "to believe by faith that this little girl's leg is going to grow and that your power is going to move", "35yZt-IMFQU-00010-00005704-00006224": "leg grow right now we command the right leg of this little girl to grow right now right leg grow", "35yZt-IMFQU-00011-00006224-00006759": "and extend in the name of jesus that the bones would lengthen that the muscles the tendons the", "35yZt-IMFQU-00012-00006759-00007416": "ligaments would lengthen and that your power would move leg grow right now in jesus name right leg", "35yZt-IMFQU-00013-00007416-00008072": "grow right leg grow right now in the name of jesus by the power and authority of the almighty god", "35yZt-IMFQU-00014-00008072-00008808": "right leg grow get the oil do i have it okay right leg i've seen this happen so much man i'm going to", "35yZt-IMFQU-00015-00008808-00009232": "pray for 30 minutes if i have to but this leg's going to grow because i've seen it too many times", "35yZt-IMFQU-00016-00009432-00009976": "oh jesus abba father in the name of jesus i pray that you would touch this little girl", "35yZt-IMFQU-00017-00009976-00010368": "and then your power would move in a way that only you can we love you god", "35yZt-IMFQU-00018-00010368-00010720": "and we thank you for what you're going to do come over here", "35yZt-IMFQU-00019-00010720-00011424": "you need to look down so people can see right leg grow right now in the name of jesus right leg grow", "35yZt-IMFQU-00020-00011424-00011848": "right leg grow we believe by faith we anoint her in the name of jesus christ", "35yZt-IMFQU-00021-00011848-00012568": "right leg grow right now right leg grow right now knee grow right now the the uh i don't even", "35yZt-IMFQU-00022-00012568-00012976": "know what this bone is called in the name of jesus christ of nazareth i don't know what's happening", "35yZt-IMFQU-00023-00012976-00013647": "man i've seen these legs grow so many times so we need to have increased faith right now together", "35yZt-IMFQU-00024-00013647-00014336": "that this leg is going to grow that this leg is going to extend in jesus name let grow right", "35yZt-IMFQU-00025-00014336-00015168": "now i command these legs to be aligned and made whole and properly restored in the name of jesus", "35yZt-IMFQU-00026-00015472-00015944": "father please help us we are nothing but you are everything we are your servants god", "35yZt-IMFQU-00027-00016024-00016624": "i believe in you god i trust in you that your ways are good and faithful and wonderful so lord", "35yZt-IMFQU-00028-00016624-00017248": "i pray that this leg will just grow right now oh jesus please minister to her heart minister to", "35yZt-IMFQU-00029-00017248-00018112": "her mind to her body heal her right now in jesus name in jesus name in jesus name i command you", "35yZt-IMFQU-00030-00018192-00018696": "in the name of jesus christ by the power and authority of the almighty god right leg grow", "35yZt-IMFQU-00031-00018784-00019784": "we thank you god for what you're gonna do", "35yZt-IMFQU-00032-00020264-00021008": "why is it not growing man i've seen it happen so many times i don't understand god has his ways", "35yZt-IMFQU-00033-00021008-00021688": "yeah the miracles happened gradually yes gradually no man i've seen so many legs grow right in front", "35yZt-IMFQU-00034-00021688-00022208": "of my eyes i show you videos on youtube like so many legs i've seen grow right in front of my eyes", "35yZt-IMFQU-00035-00022208-00022784": "it's such a simple healing right but for whatever reason her leg is not growing", "35yZt-IMFQU-00036-00023544-00024096": "turn the camera off all right guys so we've been praying for this little girl for quite some time", "35yZt-IMFQU-00037-00024096-00024592": "as you can see from the video leading up to me talking uh her knees were quite misaligned as", "35yZt-IMFQU-00038-00024592-00025208": "her right knee was quite higher than the left knee we've been praying to no avail actually for longer", "35yZt-IMFQU-00039-00025208-00025704": "than what the video shows i'm going to cut out a lot of the prayers but i want to show you now", "35yZt-IMFQU-00040-00025704-00026280": "as we've continued praying you can actually see that her knee has shifted down and i want you", "35yZt-IMFQU-00041-00026280-00027088": "to come in close so you can see it um her right knee here was up here further and if you look", "35yZt-IMFQU-00042-00027088-00027816": "if you line them up you can see it even appears like it's still up here but the knee is down here", "35yZt-IMFQU-00043-00027920-00028536": "so i don't know if they're completely aligned but they're pretty close now that was what", "35yZt-IMFQU-00044-00028536-00029232": "was giving the leg uh a lot of the missing length now as you can tell the legs are still", "35yZt-IMFQU-00045-00029320-00029920": "quite short but we're going to i i have to figure out what exactly is straight we're gonna pray that", "35yZt-IMFQU-00046-00029920-00030416": "this leg is going to heal but i feel like her knee has definitely shifted down because if you can see", "35yZt-IMFQU-00047-00030504-00030983": "her knee is actually right here now and it was up here it's down here", "35yZt-IMFQU-00048-00031295-00031688": "father god we praise you when right leg grow and unless you don't fell asleep", "35yZt-IMFQU-00049-00031824-00032383": "right leg grow in jesus there get you get part of her face look", "35yZt-IMFQU-00050-00032456-00033400": "she's oh yeah i see show this right here right leg grow right now right leg mama put your hand", "35yZt-IMFQU-00051-00033400-00034368": "on her leg put your hand here and say right let grow in jesus name right let grow in jesus name", "35yZt-IMFQU-00052-00034464-00035200": "right leg grow keep saying it in jesus name right let go right now in jesus name", "35yZt-IMFQU-00053-00035264-00036120": "in jesus name right let go right now in the name of jesus in the name of jesus in the name of jesus", "35yZt-IMFQU-00054-00036120-00036696": "look at that in the name of jesus right let it grow i'm trying to see what's straight hold on", "35yZt-IMFQU-00055-00036888-00037144": "every time i think your leg is grown look it's almost", "35yZt-IMFQU-00056-00037416-00037496": "look how close", "35yZt-IMFQU-00057-00037944-00038896": "huh right let grow right now in the name of jesus in the name of jesus right let grow right now in", "35yZt-IMFQU-00058-00038896-00039808": "jesus name in jesus name in jesus name here right let it grow right now in jesus name in jesus name", "35yZt-IMFQU-00059-00040208-00040784": "right now in jesus name in jesus name", "35yZt-IMFQU-00060-00041088-00041472": "we'll have to look at the video but it looks like it's hard for me to see what's straight", "35yZt-IMFQU-00061-00041560-00042184": "but it looks like her legs have well see it's hard to tell because", "35yZt-IMFQU-00062-00042376-00042464": "when you look here", "35yZt-IMFQU-00063-00042800-00043160": "still looks quite a difference but it's almost like her leg can't straighten out properly", "35yZt-IMFQU-00064-00043504-00043920": "if you look at one angle it looks like they're pretty close what is straight i", "35yZt-IMFQU-00065-00043920-00044560": "don't know right leg grow right now jesus i definitely think her knee has come down", "35yZt-IMFQU-00066-00044712-00044984": "do you think the her legs look different than before", "35yZt-IMFQU-00067-00045280-00045896": "here and then you can see i don't it's hard to see what her legs are straight but as you can", "35yZt-IMFQU-00068-00045896-00046504": "see like her feet definitely look more aligned than before but it's it's hard to tell all right", "35yZt-IMFQU-00069-00046504-00046920": "you'll you'll notice when she walks she'll be able to see a difference but the knee definitely looks", "35yZt-IMFQU-00070-00046920-00047544": "like it's moved down and is not as high as it was before and her legs are a lot more evenly", "35yZt-IMFQU-00071-00047544-00047920": "linked so we're going to pray and believe by faith that god is going to continue this miracle", "35yZt-IMFQU-00072-00047920-00048352": "and that she's going to be fully healed and be able to walk with no problems okay god bless you", "35yZt-IMFQU-00073-00048560-00048912": "all right guys so if you look at her she's sleeping but her feet definitely look a lot", "35yZt-IMFQU-00074-00048912-00049320": "more aligned than they were before even look at the knees the knees look aligned", "35yZt-IMFQU-00075-00049320-00049864": "the knees look aligned the feet look alive i'm believing that god has restored this little girl", "35yZt-IMFQU-00076-00050368-00050576": "jesus"}}, {"audio_id": "35RV3G0WohM", "text": {"35RV3G0WohM-00000-00000000-00000200": "Drums only cover of song Homage for Satan by death metal band Deicide."}}, {"audio_id": "35aEzuu7Sx8", "text": {"35aEzuu7Sx8-00000-00000000-00000200": "tally prime features"}}, {"audio_id": "36lTocDmDk4", "text": {"36lTocDmDk4-00000-00000080-00000864": "this is my rv and inside of this rv i have a full-on mouse infestation it's", "36lTocDmDk4-00001-00000864-00001392": "never happened to me before but i think because i've been sitting in the same place for a while", "36lTocDmDk4-00002-00001448-00002104": "i was just too attractive and i thought it was gonna just be one mouse and it wasn't", "36lTocDmDk4-00003-00002104-00002584": "so today i'm going to tell you about what happened how i found out i had mice", "36lTocDmDk4-00004-00002640-00003247": "and a whole bunch of products there behind me that i've tried out to mitigate the problem or", "36lTocDmDk4-00005-00003247-00004384": "get rid of the mice and i'm going to tell you what worked back there and what didn't", "36lTocDmDk4-00006-00004840-00005320": "happy sunday everybody it's robin with creativity rv i hope you're all doing well", "36lTocDmDk4-00007-00005320-00005864": "out there as you might know i've been spending some time in my fifth wheel on a rural property", "36lTocDmDk4-00008-00005936-00006368": "and in just a couple of days now i'm headed out to travel in my truck camper", "36lTocDmDk4-00009-00006448-00007168": "well like i said i've never had mice inside of my rv before but i'll tell you i have found a couple", "36lTocDmDk4-00010-00007168-00007816": "of dead mice before one time it was in my first or second little rig and i opened up an outside", "36lTocDmDk4-00011-00007816-00008376": "storage bin and there was a little mummified mouse stuck in the rubber like it was trying to", "36lTocDmDk4-00012-00008376-00008896": "get in or maybe it was in the basement and it was trying to get out but it got stuck in the rubber", "36lTocDmDk4-00013-00008896-00009504": "and it was so gross i had to like grind it out of there with a stick and after that one time", "36lTocDmDk4-00014-00009504-00010104": "i had a water leak here in the fifth wheel and when we crawled in and removed the wall", "36lTocDmDk4-00015-00010104-00010728": "over where all the plumbing is there was a little dead mouse in there so i thought okay maybe they", "36lTocDmDk4-00016-00010728-00011256": "can get into the underbelly into the basement but i never really thought they would come", "36lTocDmDk4-00017-00011256-00012024": "into my rig first of all since i've been on the road i've put irish spring bars inside of", "36lTocDmDk4-00018-00012024-00012584": "all of my pantry areas in my cabinets and in the basement and i've tried the dryer sheets", "36lTocDmDk4-00019-00012584-00013328": "and i've tried the little electric pulse things that you plug in and i have a cat but then about", "36lTocDmDk4-00020-00013328-00014104": "three or four weeks ago i went out to help jump something and i opened up the hood of my truck", "36lTocDmDk4-00021-00014104-00014728": "and right there where i put my hand in to pull the hood up was the little tiniest cutest baby mouse", "36lTocDmDk4-00022-00014728-00015168": "you ever saw in your whole life but what started to bother me was it just didn't even care that i", "36lTocDmDk4-00023-00015168-00015704": "was there it wasn't scared i was screaming at it i was like hitting near it with the jumper cables", "36lTocDmDk4-00024-00015704-00016216": "and it didn't even want to go away this little guy is just hanging out he's not even scared of", "36lTocDmDk4-00025-00016216-00017008": "me and he keeps getting into my car engine of course i kept my hood open and i ran the engine", "36lTocDmDk4-00026-00017008-00017576": "every day but even though i did that there were mice all around the truck i found them under", "36lTocDmDk4-00027-00017576-00018080": "the tires just underneath the truck every day and they did not care that i was near", "36lTocDmDk4-00028-00018080-00018728": "them at all well fast forward just a couple of days and i was in here working one night", "36lTocDmDk4-00029-00018800-00019272": "and the cat was running around behind me but he does that you know he wants to play after", "36lTocDmDk4-00030-00019272-00019816": "sleeping all day all of a sudden he ran over to his food bowl which is right underneath this desk", "36lTocDmDk4-00031-00019816-00020440": "and he just kept staring at his food bowl and i thought oh god no please don't let there be", "36lTocDmDk4-00032-00020440-00021048": "a mouse back there and sure enough he chased something the size of a squirrel from underneath", "36lTocDmDk4-00033-00021048-00021728": "this desk to underneath the reclining chairs and look i'm pretty good with critters and bugs", "36lTocDmDk4-00034-00021728-00022432": "but i screamed it is just not what you want to see inside your rv especially something that size well", "36lTocDmDk4-00035-00022432-00023200": "after that the cat was kind of useless he just kept looking under the chair and crying get it boy", "36lTocDmDk4-00036-00023952-00023984": "no", "36lTocDmDk4-00037-00024256-00024688": "why are you so scared get the mouse", "36lTocDmDk4-00038-00024688-00025104": "and look i'm gonna give him a pass because usually my cat spends his time like this", "36lTocDmDk4-00039-00025352-00025944": "or like this and he is old and i'll tell you he's a badass um chaser", "36lTocDmDk4-00040-00026039-00026552": "not so much a badass catcher of mice which actually is okay with me i'd be happy if", "36lTocDmDk4-00041-00026552-00027256": "he kept them away a little bit more but you know mice carry diseases and i don't want them", "36lTocDmDk4-00042-00027256-00027672": "to bite him and i don't want them to have any fleas that jump on him or jump on me", "36lTocDmDk4-00043-00027727-00028192": "they are not something that you want to have around you guys may have seen a video that", "36lTocDmDk4-00044-00028192-00028848": "i did a year or two ago where the cat was lost and we couldn't find him and then we heard him", "36lTocDmDk4-00045-00028904-00029504": "in the subfloor below the bedroom then we figured out that below my stairs over there where there's", "36lTocDmDk4-00046-00029504-00030072": "a shoe cubby if you actually bend down and look up through the cubby there is a total", "36lTocDmDk4-00047-00030072-00030664": "exposed hole there where the cat was crawling up through there into the subfloor and playing around", "36lTocDmDk4-00048-00030664-00031376": "well we were able to lure him out with some wet cat food here is a quick screen grab of him", "36lTocDmDk4-00049-00031376-00031960": "coming out from under the stairs well it looks like that little hole in the stairs is where the", "36lTocDmDk4-00050-00031960-00032576": "mice got into the house itself so the first night i tried to set a little trap with a bowl and some", "36lTocDmDk4-00051-00032576-00032912": "peanut butter so the bowl would collapse on the mice and of course that didn't work", "36lTocDmDk4-00052-00032976-00033656": "and i was up all night long hunting on amazon for products and doing research and hearing the cat", "36lTocDmDk4-00053-00033656-00034296": "down here tearing around and in the morning by the way my patrons got a live play-by-play where i had", "36lTocDmDk4-00054-00034296-00034808": "not slept and i told them what was happening well i couldn't wait for the amazon products to come so", "36lTocDmDk4-00055-00034904-00035600": "i got some regular snap traps at the dollar store and some paper bags to set traps", "36lTocDmDk4-00056-00035600-00036184": "because my dad gave me this great trick because he grew up on a farm i set the traps up so they were", "36lTocDmDk4-00057-00036184-00036848": "inside of a paper bag i used peanut butter as bait and that way if it catches a mouse", "36lTocDmDk4-00058-00036848-00037472": "all you have to do is wrap up the bag and throw it away well unfortunately those traps did not", "36lTocDmDk4-00059-00037472-00038088": "catch any mice but a few days later i got my amazon products and my friend jason was here", "36lTocDmDk4-00060-00038088-00038656": "the guy that helped me install my composting toilet last week and he helped me look for ways", "36lTocDmDk4-00061-00038656-00039152": "that the mice were going to get in and you guys are never going to believe what i found inside of", "36lTocDmDk4-00062-00039152-00039864": "this fifth wheel there is a big compartment where one would normally put a generator well apparently", "36lTocDmDk4-00063-00040000-00040784": "there was an exhaust pipe that was pre-installed in that compartment for the generator but when the", "36lTocDmDk4-00064-00040784-00041488": "guys installed the solar they took it out but never filled the hole so you guys might know", "36lTocDmDk4-00065-00041576-00042080": "that mice can fit into the tiniest little spaces even the size of a pencil eraser so we filled that", "36lTocDmDk4-00066-00042080-00042520": "hole and i'm going to show you how we did that when i go through these products then we went on", "36lTocDmDk4-00067-00042520-00043120": "the hunt for more holes and look we found a couple that maybe they could have gotten into but there", "36lTocDmDk4-00068-00043120-00044016": "were also holes in my rv that i couldn't fill like this one where the slide goes in oh no what part", "36lTocDmDk4-00069-00044256-00044920": "yeah but we can't seal that right you can't fill that with steel wool or some kind of a foam", "36lTocDmDk4-00070-00044920-00045384": "because the gears have to be able to go in and out then i emptied out my entire", "36lTocDmDk4-00071-00045384-00046024": "basement full of storage and we removed the wall and looked up where that hole", "36lTocDmDk4-00072-00046024-00046640": "was going into the stairs and it turns out that we could not block that the way that i wanted to", "36lTocDmDk4-00073-00046696-00047328": "oh yes oh my god it's massive we thought first of all that we could just put a board up there", "36lTocDmDk4-00074-00047424-00047968": "but it looked like that hole was there for a reason like airflow between the basement and", "36lTocDmDk4-00075-00047968-00048776": "the actual house because we found another giant gap underneath my pantry so this big hole went", "36lTocDmDk4-00076-00048776-00049312": "all the way along but you had to really get inside the basement and crane your neck up to even see it", "36lTocDmDk4-00077-00049312-00049792": "i have a hole oh you're kidding you saw that from the basement yeah", "36lTocDmDk4-00078-00049792-00050264": "i found a solution for that finally and i'll share it with you here in just a second", "36lTocDmDk4-00079-00050264-00051072": "but meanwhile i set out some no kill traps and i actually caught my first mouse well i just checked", "36lTocDmDk4-00080-00051072-00051704": "my trap and i caught one but i checked the trap a little too late cause he's dead but at least we", "36lTocDmDk4-00081-00051704-00052320": "know the trap worked and so i'm gonna take him to a dumpster and clean this out and reset it", "36lTocDmDk4-00082-00052320-00052720": "this trap was inside the house i don't know if you can see back in there but it actually caught", "36lTocDmDk4-00083-00052776-00053464": "a hornet or a wasp back in the corner of course it didn't trigger the trap but this was", "36lTocDmDk4-00084-00053464-00053967": "inside under the stairs so i'm glad it caught this thing too apparently it will catch more", "36lTocDmDk4-00085-00053967-00054576": "than mice we filled the holes i had traps out and the cat was on guard so i thought that i was okay", "36lTocDmDk4-00086-00054576-00055184": "but then about a week later i was sitting in my chair and i was on the phone with my mom", "36lTocDmDk4-00087-00055272-00056144": "and i hung up and i heard a scratching sound on plastic now look after the first night i flipped", "36lTocDmDk4-00088-00056144-00056776": "the recliners over and like scrubbed everywhere down there every crumb every little spill drink", "36lTocDmDk4-00089-00056776-00057248": "everything because i did not want that to be attractive to the mice and i thought oh my god", "36lTocDmDk4-00090-00057248-00057776": "there's one under the chair again so i flipped the chair over and i didn't see anything about", "36lTocDmDk4-00091-00057776-00058336": "half an hour went by and i just could not get over it so i went back and i really took apart", "36lTocDmDk4-00092-00058416-00059088": "both of the chairs and the centerpiece and flipped them all over and down inside of one of the gears", "36lTocDmDk4-00093-00059184-00059472": "right in the corner there was a little peanut", "36lTocDmDk4-00094-00059567-00060120": "sized baby mouth so i don't remember if i kicked him or i screamed or he just", "36lTocDmDk4-00095-00060120-00060576": "got scared because of the chairs but he tore out and went back under those stairs", "36lTocDmDk4-00096-00060808-00061144": "and of course you're probably thinking now what i was thinking which is", "36lTocDmDk4-00097-00061200-00061855": "i have a freaking nest i did not catch it fast enough and probably underneath that subfloor", "36lTocDmDk4-00098-00061912-00062800": "underneath my bedroom is a nest of mice and then i went out to drive my car and i saw this", "36lTocDmDk4-00099-00062800-00063560": "the little [__] ate part of my dashboard this means war one of the not so fun facts", "36lTocDmDk4-00100-00063560-00064224": "about mice that i've learned is that their teeth never stop growing so that's why they", "36lTocDmDk4-00101-00064224-00064848": "are constantly nying on stuff so they'll not on your wires they'll not on your plumbing", "36lTocDmDk4-00102-00064848-00065232": "they'll not apparently on a dashboard because they're trying to grind down their teeth", "36lTocDmDk4-00103-00065232-00065896": "oh my god a couple of my patrons told me stories about snakes they got into their rvs because", "36lTocDmDk4-00104-00065896-00066400": "they first had mice i don't want any of that i don't want the snakes i don't want squirrels", "36lTocDmDk4-00105-00066400-00067040": "i don't want mice i don't want terrible spiders i don't want any of that so i am going to go nuclear", "36lTocDmDk4-00106-00067104-00067712": "on these mice and i'm going to carpet bomb my rv so that when i get this thing back out of storage", "36lTocDmDk4-00107-00067832-00068320": "hopefully it won't have an infestation and then i'm going to take my favorite products over", "36lTocDmDk4-00108-00068320-00068976": "into the truck camper so let me go through what products i used and what i think worked the best", "36lTocDmDk4-00109-00069488-00069904": "the first thing is this no kill trap now you can see back here", "36lTocDmDk4-00110-00069904-00070536": "you put in a source of bait and this door just comes up right here so that you can fill it", "36lTocDmDk4-00111-00070536-00071032": "and they recommend that you use peanut butter but peanut butter didn't work for me in my regular", "36lTocDmDk4-00112-00071032-00071696": "snap traps i did catch one mouse in one of these with peanut butter but it just dried out really", "36lTocDmDk4-00113-00071696-00072232": "fast and didn't seem that appealing and i wanted to find something that would work when i left here", "36lTocDmDk4-00114-00072288-00072616": "that would still attract the mice if they were inside", "36lTocDmDk4-00115-00072616-00073296": "so i did a bunch of research and i made basically a trail mix for the mice that has oats and nuts", "36lTocDmDk4-00116-00073296-00073816": "and little crumbled up cheese nips and some dried fruit they also like chocolate but it didn't have", "36lTocDmDk4-00117-00073816-00074248": "any chocolate so how this works is when they walk in here like this they hit this little", "36lTocDmDk4-00118-00074248-00075000": "counterbalance and the door shuts the next thing i did is i bought a giant box of irish spring", "36lTocDmDk4-00119-00075000-00075648": "like i don't know if this worked before but i never had mice when i swapped these out like every", "36lTocDmDk4-00120-00075648-00076152": "couple of months underneath my counters they don't like the smell of the peppermint and i'll tell you", "36lTocDmDk4-00121-00076240-00077048": "when i came to use this fifth wheel out of storage i forgot to do it so the bars that i had were like", "36lTocDmDk4-00122-00077048-00077584": "a year old i think they worked before they have a really strong scent that is not unpleasant so", "36lTocDmDk4-00123-00077584-00078008": "i'm doing a bunch of these now i don't know if this worked very well at all unless you", "36lTocDmDk4-00124-00078008-00078632": "have allergies and this is a great thing because behind me you'll see some vicks salt bath crystals", "36lTocDmDk4-00125-00078704-00079152": "i had that in the house for like two years and never used it so i dissolved some of the", "36lTocDmDk4-00126-00079152-00079608": "bath crystals that have like eucalyptus and mint and cedar and all those things they don't like", "36lTocDmDk4-00127-00079608-00080176": "i have these little cotton tubes that you get at the dentist that i use for painting so i put those", "36lTocDmDk4-00128-00080176-00080856": "into a hot bath with the vicks and immediately you know they dry out so i don't think this", "36lTocDmDk4-00129-00080856-00081528": "works great unless you have allergies and then oh vicks that works for that but not so much for mice", "36lTocDmDk4-00130-00081584-00082432": "do not use this if you're going to be in the same house with this product look when i looked on", "36lTocDmDk4-00131-00082432-00082944": "amazon i was in a desperate state but i still didn't want to buy anything like this because", "36lTocDmDk4-00132-00083016-00083440": "you think the scent doesn't last too long in these little satchels and you wonder if it's", "36lTocDmDk4-00133-00083440-00084120": "the most cost-effective way well let me tell you when i first got this i made the mistake of first", "36lTocDmDk4-00134-00084120-00084808": "opening up the bag and taking a big whiff and i almost puked i'm not joking no exaggeration and", "36lTocDmDk4-00135-00084808-00085472": "then still after that bag of rocks i reached in with my bare hands and got two of these satchels", "36lTocDmDk4-00136-00085472-00086264": "out the smell is the worst smell i've ever smelled in my life yeah it kind of smells like a mint", "36lTocDmDk4-00137-00086320-00086904": "but more like something curled up and dyed inside of that mint now first i put one of these right", "36lTocDmDk4-00138-00086904-00087576": "underneath the stairs and i put the other one underneath my pantry and i was gagging gagging", "36lTocDmDk4-00139-00087576-00088192": "for like three days so then i took some tongs and i took them and put them in the basement storage", "36lTocDmDk4-00140-00088248-00088688": "and now the smell is still wafting up here and it smells disgusting in my house", "36lTocDmDk4-00141-00088768-00089160": "i swear if my neighbors come by and they don't see me for a while they're going to", "36lTocDmDk4-00142-00089160-00089784": "think somebody's dead in here but i'll tell you i am going to be putting every satchel in here", "36lTocDmDk4-00143-00089904-00090440": "all around the basement of my rv like the second before i leave with probably a mask on and some", "36lTocDmDk4-00144-00090440-00091272": "tongs because i cannot imagine that they are going to want to be anywhere near this for a long time", "36lTocDmDk4-00145-00091272-00091648": "this product i actually do recommend now let me tell you what we did about the holes", "36lTocDmDk4-00146-00091704-00092360": "first i got a foam spray that they call a pest blocker because it's got something inside of", "36lTocDmDk4-00147-00092360-00092904": "the foam that they don't like to eat we stuffed some steel wool up into the hole", "36lTocDmDk4-00148-00092960-00093624": "and then we sprayed this foam into the steel wool the reason we use both is because if for", "36lTocDmDk4-00149-00093624-00094136": "some reason they're so anxious to get in that they want to chew through that foam they cannot chew", "36lTocDmDk4-00150-00094136-00095008": "through the steel wool for that hole underneath the stairs i have ordered some galvanized steel", "36lTocDmDk4-00151-00095008-00095552": "screen it's going to be here right before i leave so i'm not going to be able to film that part for", "36lTocDmDk4-00152-00095552-00096208": "you guys but you can cut it here's a picture of it and you have to get galvanized steel because", "36lTocDmDk4-00153-00096208-00096704": "mice will eat right through screen material it's a little more expensive most of it comes with a", "36lTocDmDk4-00154-00096704-00097208": "quarter inch hole but i wanted something smaller so i got an eighth of an inch and i'm going to", "36lTocDmDk4-00155-00097208-00097832": "cut it and i'm going to staple gun it up all the way around so they can't get into the house", "36lTocDmDk4-00156-00097832-00098712": "even if they get into the basement this is a little motion sensor solar powered alarm that is", "36lTocDmDk4-00157-00098712-00099432": "supposed to scare off the mice when they get near the underbelly of your rv now i'll tell you when i", "36lTocDmDk4-00158-00099432-00099984": "went to courtside last year i was in la posa south for about five days in the long-term visitor area", "36lTocDmDk4-00159-00100064-00100656": "and it looked like a rave out there because so many people have flashing lights underneath their", "36lTocDmDk4-00160-00100656-00101256": "rv personally i didn't want to do that all night because i think the mice might get used to it but", "36lTocDmDk4-00161-00101256-00101808": "also because you know i'm boondocking by myself i don't want to draw attention to myself at night", "36lTocDmDk4-00162-00101808-00102472": "this i think is okay because you can charge it with a usb or just charge it for an hour a day on", "36lTocDmDk4-00163-00102472-00103088": "the solar and then there are a bunch of different settings there's actually an audible alarm", "36lTocDmDk4-00164-00103088-00103768": "which i won't use because it peels your skin off or just a light that will go off all day", "36lTocDmDk4-00165-00103768-00104176": "or just during the night and here's what it looks like you press this little button in the back", "36lTocDmDk4-00166-00104320-00104992": "that's setting one this is setting two see how it flashes twice i like setting four anytime anything", "36lTocDmDk4-00167-00104992-00105544": "in its radius comes in front of it these lights flash they flash and it's not something that", "36lTocDmDk4-00168-00105544-00106111": "the mice can get used to i'm actually going to set these up upside down on a tin stick", "36lTocDmDk4-00169-00106111-00106744": "with zip ties inside of these little screw holes i broke down and got some glue traps after those", "36lTocDmDk4-00170-00106744-00107480": "mice ate my dashboard i'm going to tape one inside of my engine and i'm actually going to keep one", "36lTocDmDk4-00171-00107480-00108280": "taped on my dashboard until i know they're gone and i'm gonna put probably 20 of them all over", "36lTocDmDk4-00172-00108280-00108720": "this house they'll catch the snakes they'll catch the spiders and they'll catch the mice", "36lTocDmDk4-00173-00108800-00109240": "so when i come back here next year i might have a bunch of traps full of", "36lTocDmDk4-00174-00109240-00109776": "mice i hope not i hope that the satchels and the irish spring and the lights do the trick", "36lTocDmDk4-00175-00109856-00110400": "but i'll let you guys know when it happens i hope you have found this video helpful if you have a", "36lTocDmDk4-00176-00110400-00110880": "tip to get rid of mice that i have not mentioned here please do put it in the comments below", "36lTocDmDk4-00177-00110935-00112183": "i'll see you guys next week until then everybody have happy travels out there and be free", "36lTocDmDk4-00178-00112952-00112959": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "36awrZS5iRA", "text": {"36awrZS5iRA-00000-00000342-00000413": "mumbling", "36awrZS5iRA-00001-00000413-00000576": "I'll keep doubling", "36awrZS5iRA-00002-00000576-00000726": "You keep bluffin", "36awrZS5iRA-00003-00000726-00000926": "You've got nothing", "36awrZS5iRA-00004-00000926-00001126": "I'll keep hustling", "36awrZS5iRA-00005-00002802-00002984": "As they were a year ago", "36awrZS5iRA-00006-00003097-00003297": "But all will be okay", "36awrZS5iRA-00007-00003332-00003532": "I move on each and every day", "36awrZS5iRA-00008-00003596-00003796": "The past is where it stays", "36awrZS5iRA-00009-00003874-00004074": "Way back a year ago", "36awrZS5iRA-00010-00006190-00006452": "I ain't going back I'm not falling", "36awrZS5iRA-00011-00006452-00006728": "I push all my chips and call all in", "36awrZS5iRA-00012-00006728-00006928": "I'll bet on myself you keep stalling", "36awrZS5iRA-00013-00006993-00007118": "I hear destiny", "36awrZS5iRA-00014-00007384-00007536": "last vacation for a while", "36awrZS5iRA-00015-00007536-00007616": "um", "36awrZS5iRA-00016-00007616-00007672": "but", "36awrZS5iRA-00017-00007672-00007704": "all", "36awrZS5iRA-00018-00007704-00007920": "i've been is in here write NEFFEX songs", "36awrZS5iRA-00019-00007920-00007984": "non-stop", "36awrZS5iRA-00020-00007984-00008040": "so", "36awrZS5iRA-00021-00008040-00008080": "let's see", "36awrZS5iRA-00022-00008080-00008248": "what we got this one's always a fun one", "36awrZS5iRA-00023-00008496-00008640": "song teasers baby", "36awrZS5iRA-00024-00008944-00009136": "i don't really know what comes next", "36awrZS5iRA-00025-00009136-00009376": "i'm just doing my best even though", "36awrZS5iRA-00026-00009376-00009480": "i'm so stressed out", "36awrZS5iRA-00027-00009584-00009776": "everything just feels like a test", "36awrZS5iRA-00028-00009776-00009928": "that i feel so depressed", "36awrZS5iRA-00029-00009928-00010128": "When I can't seem to get out", "36awrZS5iRA-00030-00010224-00010504": "But something deep inside won't let me quit", "36awrZS5iRA-00031-00010529-00010831": "I swear that I'm inspired by all this shit", "36awrZS5iRA-00032-00010848-00011048": "Tell me that I can't and I won't", "36awrZS5iRA-00033-00011069-00011484": "That's what guides me the most Fuck your lies, I'll do what I want!", "36awrZS5iRA-00034-00012320-00012530": "all right so that's one of the next ones coming out"}}, {"audio_id": "375TJwycJZc", "text": {"375TJwycJZc-00000-00000064-00000760": "Hi, today i'm gonna show you how to get one hertz clock pulse from an ordinary clock mechanism.", "375TJwycJZc-00001-00000760-00001520": "This is a typical clock mechanism that we can find in an ordinary clock or in the market for one two", "375TJwycJZc-00002-00001520-00002296": "euros. If we take apart this mechanism we see a small circuit board which is a crystal oscillator.", "375TJwycJZc-00003-00002296-00003056": "We notice also a big coil that is connected to the oscillator's output and moves a magnet gear each", "375TJwycJZc-00004-00003056-00003904": "time is fed with a pulse. However if we connect this oscillators' output to an oscilloscope we", "375TJwycJZc-00005-00003904-00004800": "notice that this output is not one hertz but half a hertz. This means that every two seconds we have", "375TJwycJZc-00006-00004800-00005520": "a positive pulse and a negative pulse and what we have to do is to convert the negative pulse to", "375TJwycJZc-00007-00005520-00006232": "positive pulse so we have two positive pulses every two seconds, which means one hertz. So", "375TJwycJZc-00008-00006232-00006888": "let's see how with some simple parts we'll take the one hertz frequency generator.", "375TJwycJZc-00009-00007000-00007623": "With a resistor and a capacitor we make an rc network which is called differentiator.", "375TJwycJZc-00010-00007895-00008600": "This network gives us positive and negative spikes and this happens either the input is a positive", "375TJwycJZc-00011-00008600-00009336": "or a negative pulse. The only difference as we see at the simulation program is that the negative", "375TJwycJZc-00012-00009392-00009776": "pulse from the clock give us first the negative spike and then", "375TJwycJZc-00013-00009832-00010680": "the the positive spike but this doesn't affect at all the frequency of one hertz", "375TJwycJZc-00014-00010744-00011320": "since the the initial clock pulses of half a hertz are stable. Following,", "375TJwycJZc-00015-00011320-00011872": "with the positive spikes we turn on an npn transistor to get the one hertz frequency.", "375TJwycJZc-00016-00012416-00013008": "Now if we want symmetrical pulses we use a 555 in a monostable operation.", "375TJwycJZc-00017-00013232-00013768": "The resistor Rd and the capacitor Cd adjust the duty cycle of the pulses.", "375TJwycJZc-00018-00013863-00014504": "At the end, this is the complete circuit on a breadboard with a green lead blinking", "375TJwycJZc-00019-00014672-00015768": "at the oscilloscope we watch that the one hertz frequency is quite accurate. Thanks for watching", "375TJwycJZc-00020-00015768-00016920": "and if my video helped you with your project then please click like or leave your comment, thanks."}}, {"audio_id": "38IhjAP3k-4", "text": {"38IhjAP3k-4-00000-00000630-00000900": "My name is Anika Ahmed and I'm a student at UofT Scarborough", "38IhjAP3k-4-00001-00001000-00001590": "I'm voting for transit because due to a lack of funding and services some students take and hour and a half just to get to class", "38IhjAP3k-4-00002-00001590-00001748": "This October be part of Generation Vote!"}}, {"audio_id": "38OTAnwxPzM", "text": {"38OTAnwxPzM-00000-00000432-00000976": "Welcome to Chronoscope World. The Chronoscope is a browser-based maps application to travel", "38OTAnwxPzM-00001-00000976-00001752": "through space and time. Please fasten your seat belts for a quick demo. The maps are displayed", "38OTAnwxPzM-00002-00001752-00002328": "on the correct locations. You can zoom in to study the wonderful details at your own pace.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00003-00002856-00003264": "The map title at the main bar is also used for home positioning the map.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00004-00003472-00003911": "The bar also offers commands for search and selecting other maps.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00005-00003911-00004440": "Search looks for maps that match the current viewport – so adjust the view,", "38OTAnwxPzM-00006-00004440-00004776": "trigger search, and the results are displayed on the map table.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00007-00005728-00006032": "The atlas command is a collection of maps by the", "38OTAnwxPzM-00008-00006032-00006576": "current cartographer – in this case by Johannes Baptist Homanus from Nuremberg.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00009-00006688-00007336": "By the way – all the map thumbnails are IIIF like all the maps themselves in the Chronoscope.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00010-00007712-00007984": "Here's Russia in early 18th century", "38OTAnwxPzM-00011-00008152-00008856": "and a marvellous cartouche with a woman in red and a little angel doing its duty.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00012-00009464-00009984": "But let's move on to London…", "38OTAnwxPzM-00013-00010272-00011384": "…and show the outlines for all the maps. Hover the label to get a preview.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00014-00011728-00012472": "Okay, this one. Close the layout. Down here in the city bar we have a", "38OTAnwxPzM-00015-00012472-00012863": "collection of maps that represent the urban development of London", "38OTAnwxPzM-00016-00013224-00014456": "Oh, currently it's London fashion week in 1540, but let's have a walk at the River Thamse.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00017-00014728-00016247": "See all the rowing boats… and here the Globe Theater which has been destroyed and", "38OTAnwxPzM-00018-00016247-00016952": "reconstructed meanwhile, so you can actually visit it. Talking about round things: the yellow disc", "38OTAnwxPzM-00019-00016952-00017432": "is the ChronoCursor. It can be dragged everywhere, and it opens a context menu", "38OTAnwxPzM-00020-00017432-00018080": "with additional info about the map, the permalink to the openGLAM entry at the archive or library.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00021-00018200-00018824": "The ChronoLink can be shared on social media. Furthermore, the menu is a hub to other geo", "38OTAnwxPzM-00022-00018824-00019536": "services like open street map or google street view. This set depends on the current location,", "38OTAnwxPzM-00023-00019536-00020152": "zoom level, and on other view properties. The Chronoscope provides access to nearly", "38OTAnwxPzM-00024-00020152-00020720": "two and a half thousand old maps from more than 42 libraries. Therefore it becomes pretty crowded", "38OTAnwxPzM-00025-00020720-00021376": "sometimes. The outline mode offers filters to prune the amount of maps to the focus area of", "38OTAnwxPzM-00026-00021376-00021832": "research. As you can see the performance is fast enough to update the sets immediately.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00027-00021944-00022512": "Time is running fast. Let's have some fun with the random rocket flights. They stimulate", "38OTAnwxPzM-00028-00022512-00023056": "curiosity by teleporting the user into areas of history that you might have never dreamed of.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00029-00023160-00023984": "And yes, all commands have keyboard shortcuts. That's time travel on steroids", "38OTAnwxPzM-00030-00024400-00025072": "Finally ISS Tempus. That's an experimental feature to add even more joy to the party.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00031-00025152-00025695": "The position of the balloon matches the current position of international space", "38OTAnwxPzM-00032-00025695-00026616": "station – but on very old maps! To sum it up: the Chronoscope provides access to thousands of IIIF", "38OTAnwxPzM-00033-00026616-00027256": "maps provided by openGLAM institutions around the globe. Geo interaction design,", "38OTAnwxPzM-00034-00027256-00027968": "high performance and quality of maps are key for a satisfying user experience. Social channels", "38OTAnwxPzM-00035-00027968-00028544": "foster a community of time travelers who enjoy to discover the world with the Chronoscope.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00036-00028688-00029039": "Thanks for watching. I hope you had a pleasant stay on board.", "38OTAnwxPzM-00037-00029039-00029583": "My name is Matthias Müller-Prove. Enjoy your future time ride with the Chronoscope"}}, {"audio_id": "38VnqB3r-zg", "text": {"38VnqB3r-zg-00000-00001096-00001396": "Item #: SCP-1651", "38VnqB3r-zg-00001-00001396-00001546": "Object Class: Safe", "38VnqB3r-zg-00002-00001546-00002195": "Special Containment Procedures: SCP-1651 is to be held in a standard containment locker,", "38VnqB3r-zg-00003-00002195-00002418": "located within Site-77.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00004-00002418-00003014": "Physical contact with SCP-1651 is not permitted for Foundation personnel, as this will trigger", "38VnqB3r-zg-00005-00003014-00003228": "the anomalous effect.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00006-00003228-00003589": "Standard testing is permitted throughout the year, with special testing authorized for", "38VnqB3r-zg-00007-00003589-00003863": "days where it displays its additional anomaly.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00008-00003863-00004459": "Description: SCP-1651 is a stuffed toy resembling a stylized elephant.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00009-00004459-00004896": "It is well worn and has six (6) holes that were stitched prior to containment.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00010-00004896-00005398": "The head and one leg appear to have been deliberately torn off and stitched back onto the main body.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00011-00005398-00005960": "The name \"SETH\" has been stitched onto SCP-1651's chest.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00012-00005960-00006515": "Contact with SCP-1651 causes a cognition-affecting anomaly to occur.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00013-00006515-00006981": "Subjects will perceive themselves in a midway, watching as a young adult male wins a carnival", "38VnqB3r-zg-00014-00006981-00007195": "prize for a young woman.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00015-00007195-00007643": "This event will be viewed as though the subject were a third party at the event, instead of", "38VnqB3r-zg-00016-00007643-00008089": "being through the viewpoint of the subject receiving or giving the gift.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00017-00008089-00008474": "This effect will last for four (4) minutes and thirty-four (34) seconds, or until the", "38VnqB3r-zg-00018-00008474-00008872": "subject ceases contact with SCP-1651.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00019-00008872-00009469": "The young woman and man depicted in SCP-1651 have been identified as Lucy and Seth Bronson,", "38VnqB3r-zg-00020-00009469-00009875": "a married couple formerly located in Miami, Florida.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00021-00009875-00010536": "Seth Bronson was killed on 5/24/1976, in an automobile accident returning from an unknown", "38VnqB3r-zg-00022-00010536-00010650": "location.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00023-00010650-00011196": "Lucy Bronson was reported as a missing person on 10/20/1976.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00024-00011196-00011522": "She is currently regarded as a person of interest.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00025-00011522-00012122": "If SCP-1651 is contacted on certain days through the year, the anomalous effect will show a", "38VnqB3r-zg-00026-00012122-00012310": "different scene.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00027-00012310-00012853": "There are six (6) days through the year when SCP-1651 displays this effect, and each of", "38VnqB3r-zg-00028-00012853-00013093": "these days has a unique perspective.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00029-00013093-00013782": "During the time SCP-1651 has been in containment, there have been no alterations to this schedule.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00030-00013782-00014338": "05/24 The normal effect occurs, followed by a sudden perspective shift to Lucy and Seth", "38VnqB3r-zg-00031-00014338-00014641": "Bronson driving home, discussing a circus.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00032-00014641-00015069": "They appear to be conversing inaudibly, and will continue to do so until five (5) minutes", "38VnqB3r-zg-00033-00015069-00015509": "and twenty-three (23) seconds after the effects initiation, when there is a sudden flash of", "38VnqB3r-zg-00034-00015509-00015847": "light accompanied by the sounds of an automobile accident.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00035-00015847-00016569": "06/03 A subject identified as Lucy Bronson appears distraught, and is clinging to SCP-1651", "38VnqB3r-zg-00036-00016569-00016985": "outside of a shut door in what appears to be a residential home.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00037-00016985-00017260": "This persists for exactly ten (10) minutes.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00038-00017260-00017480": "Initially, she appears to be distraught.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00039-00017480-00018019": "After five (5) minutes, she appears to become affected by SCP-1651, and acts out her motions", "38VnqB3r-zg-00040-00018019-00018322": "for the normal effect while staying seated.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00041-00018322-00018914": "07/12 Through the perspective of SCP-1651, Bronson communicates various details about", "38VnqB3r-zg-00042-00018914-00019330": "her day, which appears to have been spent within the home, and mentions that she is", "38VnqB3r-zg-00043-00019330-00019602": "pleased he has recovered from his injuries.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00044-00019602-00020140": "Notably, the subject appears to refer to SCP-1651 as \"Seth\" repeatedly.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00045-00020140-00020820": "After SCP-1651 fails to respond to her, she becomes distraught, and begins to shout argumentative", "38VnqB3r-zg-00046-00020820-00021001": "phrases at SCP-1651.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00047-00021001-00021683": "Ends approximately seven (7) minutes after initiation, when SCP-1651's head is torn off.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00048-00021683-00022354": "08/08 Nine (9) minutes of Lucy Bronson stitching SCP-1651 back together, apologizing and referring", "38VnqB3r-zg-00049-00022354-00022536": "to SCP-1651 as \"Seth.\"", "38VnqB3r-zg-00050-00022536-00023040": "Notably, several new holes have been stitched into SCP-1651.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00051-00023040-00023607": "These appear to correspond with injuries sustained by Seth Bronson which resulted in his death.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00052-00023607-00024212": "10/09 Static viewpoint of SCP-1651, positioned in front of a refrigerator.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00053-00024212-00024634": "The sound of someone moving things in the background can be heard, followed by a slamming", "38VnqB3r-zg-00054-00024634-00024769": "door.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00055-00024769-00025488": "11/20 View of Seth Bronson's head sewed to SCP-1651's body in place of its normal head.", "38VnqB3r-zg-00056-00025488-00026026": "Appears to reciprocate the conversation seen on 07/12, and becomes confused when Lucy becomes", "38VnqB3r-zg-00057-00026026-00026027": "violent."}}, {"audio_id": "397WPzW4u9E", "text": {"397WPzW4u9E-00000-00000058-00000629": "I've been involved in soil microbiology or related research for roughly 30 years", "397WPzW4u9E-00001-00000629-00001196": "and it's only been in the last say 10 years or maybe even less that people", "397WPzW4u9E-00002-00001196-00001839": "have actually cared what I do. A lot of this is driven simply by the interest of", "397WPzW4u9E-00003-00001839-00002334": "producers. Recognition from producers that soil health is important, soil", "397WPzW4u9E-00004-00002334-00002819": "biology is important, and asking a lot of questions to the research community and", "397WPzW4u9E-00005-00002819-00003495": "are actually driving the demand for better research, more research, funding", "397WPzW4u9E-00006-00003495-00004116": "for this research. So that gives I'd sale of all the things that actually gives me", "397WPzW4u9E-00007-00004116-00004562": "the most optimism because there's people out there besides us scientists who care.", "397WPzW4u9E-00008-00004944-00005657": "Let's face it, farming is tough right now and optimism is in short supply.", "397WPzW4u9E-00009-00005657-00006110": "So why are Dr. Mike and some of the leading innovative farmers in the", "397WPzW4u9E-00010-00006110-00006713": "country optimistic? Well the fact that soil microbes are beneficial to farm", "397WPzW4u9E-00011-00006713-00007331": "systems is not new, but this idea is gaining momentum and revolutionizing", "397WPzW4u9E-00012-00007331-00007828": "farming thanks to the soil health movement. Many no-tillers are figuring", "397WPzW4u9E-00013-00007828-00008327": "out other ways to promote their soil biology. They're using tools like crop", "397WPzW4u9E-00014-00008327-00008900": "diversity, cover crops, and livestock integration. By mimicking natural systems", "397WPzW4u9E-00015-00008900-00009503": "they're also making more money per acre. Yes, and when farmers see soil biology", "397WPzW4u9E-00016-00009503-00009959": "work for them, they're the ones that are asking the questions of the science", "397WPzW4u9E-00017-00009959-00010615": "community. These are the farmers that are optimistic and excited. You can see Mike Lehman", "397WPzW4u9E-00018-00010615-00011314": "caught the bug, no pun intended. In our second Merit or Myth season, we want", "397WPzW4u9E-00019-00011314-00011849": "to take you on two separate, but parallel journeys. On the one hand, we", "397WPzW4u9E-00020-00011849-00012389": "want you to see researchers and practitioners apply the science. They", "397WPzW4u9E-00021-00012389-00013003": "will show you that soils are living dynamic ecosystems and not just a medium", "397WPzW4u9E-00022-00013003-00013510": "to grow plants. On the other hand, we want you to meet farmers who have bought into", "397WPzW4u9E-00023-00013510-00014003": "the idea that soil health is good for their bottom line. We want you to see how", "397WPzW4u9E-00024-00014003-00014504": "they think and what they're doing. So could healthy soils become a cause", "397WPzW4u9E-00025-00014504-00014966": "for optimism? Let's find out together"}}, {"audio_id": "39lDdqNt7jM", "text": {"39lDdqNt7jM-00000-00000059-00000579": "The Zotero Connector will change appearance depending on the type of web page you are looking at.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00001-00000579-00001228": "On this Google search page, the Zotero Connector appears as a gray Z, meaning that it is online", "39lDdqNt7jM-00002-00001228-00001526": "but cannot get any information from this page.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00003-00001626-00002083": "When viewing search results from the library's catalog, the Zotero connector may appear as", "39lDdqNt7jM-00004-00002083-00002282": "a yellow file folder.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00005-00002282-00002797": "This means that you are able to select items from the search results and import them into", "39lDdqNt7jM-00006-00002797-00003024": "your Zotero library as a batch.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00007-00003215-00003663": "If viewing search results on the library's website from a Discovery search, note that", "39lDdqNt7jM-00008-00003663-00003932": "the icon is a gray page.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00009-00003932-00004469": "This means that the information on the page is not compatible with the Zotero connector.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00010-00004469-00004894": "Viewing the details of these items work better with the Zotero Connector.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00011-00004996-00005353": "Here is the detailed record for a book in the library's collection.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00012-00005354-00006028": "The Zotero Connector has changed to a book, indicating that the item will save to your library as a book.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00013-00006258-00006567": "Here is the detailed record for a journal article.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00014-00006567-00007056": "Note that the Zotero connector is not recognizing it as a journal article.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00015-00007056-00007850": "However, if we click the link to view the record in EDS, the EBSCO detailed view is recognized", "39lDdqNt7jM-00016-00007850-00008168": "by the Zotero connector as a journal article.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00017-00008168-00008621": "Note that it has changed to a white page.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00018-00008621-00008911": "Web pages may also be imported into Zotero.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00019-00008911-00009500": "The article from Religion News Service changes the Zotero Connector to a blue page, indicating", "39lDdqNt7jM-00020-00009500-00010095": "that Zotero will collect information about this web page when adding it to your library.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00021-00010095-00010506": "Paying attention to what the Zotero Connector looks like will help you to know whether it", "39lDdqNt7jM-00022-00010506-00010835": "will import good information about your source.", "39lDdqNt7jM-00023-00010836-00011296": "It is also a good idea to double-check what information Zotero imports from an item", "39lDdqNt7jM-00024-00011300-00011578": "as further edits and additions may be needed."}}, {"audio_id": "39sotN7TUvy", "text": {"39sotN7TUvy-00000-00000567-00001432": "The couple said they met on a blind date set up by a friend, but they both refused to reveal the person's name in order to protect their privacy", "39sotN7TUvy-00001-00001549-00002510": "It has been speculated that the mystery friend may have been stylist Jessica Mulroney, designer Misha Nonoo, or Soho House consultant Markus Anderson", "39sotN7TUvy-00002-00002627-00003694": "E! News claims to have confirmed with a source that it was in fact Violet von Westenholz, the daughter of a British baron, who is an old friend of Harry's", "39sotN7TUvy-00003-00003811-00004347": "In her role at Ralph Lauren, she worked with Meghan around time of first date", "39sotN7TUvy-00004-00004464-00005665": "There has been much speculation over the identity of the mystery friend who played matchmaker to Prince Harry and Meghan Markle, but now the royal cupid's identity appears to have been  once and for all", "39sotN7TUvy-00005-00005782-00007127": "E! News reported on Wednesday that a source close to the engaged couple has confirmed it was fashion PR Violet von Westenholz who first set Harry and Meghan up on a blind date back in July 2016.", "39sotN7TUvy-00006-00007244-00008328": "Violet, 33, is the daughter of former Olympic skier Baron Piers von Westenholz, who is a close personal friend of Harry's father, the Prince of Wales", "39sotN7TUvy-00007-00008445-00009065": "She was also a childhood friend of Harry's and worked with Meghan before setting the pair up.", "39sotN7TUvy-00008-00009182-00010119": "Scroll down for video  Violet had known Harry for years, but met Meghan more recently while working as a press relations director for Ralph Lauren.", "39sotN7TUvy-00009-00010236-00011176": "During that time, she worked alongside Miss Markle on June 30, days before her blind date with Prince Harry in July 2016.", "39sotN7TUvy-00010-00011293-00011882": "When Harry and Meghan announced their engagement, they played coy about Violet's identity.", "39sotN7TUvy-00011-00011999-00012768": "'We were introduced by a secret friend, who we will protect her privacy,' Harry said in their first joint interview.", "39sotN7TUvy-00012-00012885-00013269": "'It was definitely a set-up,' Meghan added", "39sotN7TUvy-00013-00013387-00014437": "'It was a blind date 'I didn't know much about him and so the only thing I had asked her when she said she wanted to set us up was, I had one question, I said 'Was he nice?''", "39sotN7TUvy-00014-00014554-00015219": "Harry chimed in: 'I'd never, never even heard about her until this friend said 'Meghan Markle'", "39sotN7TUvy-00015-00015337-00016769": "'I was like, 'Right okay, give me, give me a bit of background, like what's going on here?' When I walked into that room and saw her and there she was sitting there, I was like 'Okay, well I'm going to have to really up my game here.''", "39sotN7TUvy-00016-00016886-00017835": "According to a source that spoke to E! News, Violet had heard about Harry's desire to meet someone and his troubles finding The One.", "39sotN7TUvy-00017-00017952-00018371": "'Harry was having a really hard time finding anyone", "39sotN7TUvy-00018-00018488-00018871": "It's hard enough finding someone new to date", "39sotN7TUvy-00019-00018988-00020036": "He can hardly go on Tinder or a dating app like normal people, but to meet someone that you actually connect with, that was proving to be almost impossible,' the source said.", "39sotN7TUvy-00020-00020153-00021097": "'It was something he had confided in his closest friends about; he was ready to meet someone but it was so hard to actually find the right person.", "39sotN7TUvy-00021-00021214-00021981": "'Meghan had been a part of the London social scene for a while and had slotted into the high society set really easily", "39sotN7TUvy-00022-00022098-00022910": "And so when Harry told Violet he was having trouble finding someone, Violet said she might just have the perfect girl for him.'", "39sotN7TUvy-00023-00023027-00023947": "Miss von Westenholz, who was once linked romantically with singer James Blunt, refused to deny whether or not she was the mystery cupid", "39sotN7TUvy-00024-00024064-00024677": "She told the Daily Telegraph: 'I might leave that for other people to say [who it is]", "39sotN7TUvy-00025-00024794-00025326": "'It's a great story and I am sure they are going to be very happy together", "39sotN7TUvy-00026-00025443-00025888": "I am just happy they are really happy They are great together.'", "39sotN7TUvy-00027-00026005-00026868": "The 33-year-old even posed for a selfie in a photograph uploaded to  by Meghan following a publicity day at Wimbledon on June 4", "39sotN7TUvy-00028-00026985-00027819": "It is now believed that Miss Markle and Prince Harry enjoyed their first date on some date between July 1 and July 5", "39sotN7TUvy-00029-00027936-00029164": "judging by the pair's dairies. The prince returned to the UK from a Battle of the Somme service in Belgium on July 1, while Miss Markle left London and returned to Toronto four days later.", "39sotN7TUvy-00030-00029281-00029983": "The actress uploaded a revealing post to  on July 3; a love heart sweet with the capti"}}, {"audio_id": "39ychsDKfbE", "text": {"39ychsDKfbE-00000-00000000-00000131": "WHAT DO YOU NEED.??", "39ychsDKfbE-00001-00000131-00000400": "01. Your mobile phone with 4G or 5G internet connection.", "39ychsDKfbE-00002-00000610-00000810": "02. Google Play app store.", "39ychsDKfbE-00003-00001057-00001161": "WATCH & LEARN", "39ychsDKfbE-00004-00001310-00001510": "Open \"Play Store\" in your smartphone.", "39ychsDKfbE-00005-00001837-00002037": "Type \"BeReal\" in search area.", "39ychsDKfbE-00006-00002109-00002226": "Choose this suggestion to open the app.", "39ychsDKfbE-00007-00002504-00002726": "This is an official \"BeReal\" app page.", "39ychsDKfbE-00008-00003400-00003777": "Have fun with the app page, check & read info if time permits before installation.", "39ychsDKfbE-00009-00004592-00004843": "Okay! let's install the app in your smart device now.", "39ychsDKfbE-00010-00005089-00005289": "Click this small green button to initiate installation of the app.", "39ychsDKfbE-00011-00005503-00005703": "You can see that installation of the app has started.", "39ychsDKfbE-00012-00006005-00006274": "Installation speed depends on speed of your network connection, device capacity & device performance.", "39ychsDKfbE-00013-00006494-00006694": "You can see the BeReal app is downloading and it is being installed in the background area as well.", "39ychsDKfbE-00014-00007475-00007778": "Installation completed..!!  Let's open the app.", "39ychsDKfbE-00015-00008029-00008513": "BeReal is a French social media application released in 2020. It was developed by Alexis Barreyat. BeReal gained popularity in early 2022.", "39ychsDKfbE-00016-00009956-00010224": "Click \"Get Started\" to enter & proceed.", "39ychsDKfbE-00017-00010527-00010755": "Enter your full name here.", "39ychsDKfbE-00018-00011415-00011593": "Click \"Continue\" to proceed.", "39ychsDKfbE-00019-00011698-00011866": "Add your birthday here to continue forwards.", "39ychsDKfbE-00020-00012025-00012352": "Enter month first, put date secondly and finally enter the year.", "39ychsDKfbE-00021-00012862-00012969": "Click \"Continue\" to proceed.", "39ychsDKfbE-00022-00013030-00013200": "Enter your mobile number here to continue forwards.", "39ychsDKfbE-00023-00013806-00014113": "Once you click \"Continue\", you will receive a code in the form of an SMS from BeReal.", "39ychsDKfbE-00024-00014966-00015273": "Enter verification code to continue forward.", "39ychsDKfbE-00025-00015626-00015982": "Suggest a username for your BeReal account.", "39ychsDKfbE-00026-00016400-00016517": "Click \"Continue\" to proceed.", "39ychsDKfbE-00027-00016808-00017043": "While you can add friends already using BeReal and you can invite if they don't already have the app.", "39ychsDKfbE-00028-00017275-00017571": "There are few more settings to be completed before using the BeReal app.", "39ychsDKfbE-00029-00017832-00018198": "You can do these setting changes without any assistance.", "39ychsDKfbE-00030-00018458-00019036": "All you have to do is follow instructions which pops up on your smart device screen.", "39ychsDKfbE-00031-00019615-00020018": "Let me open the BeReal app which I installed on my smart phone.", "39ychsDKfbE-00032-00020269-00020739": "Remember, you have only 02 minutes to capture and share what you are doing.", "39ychsDKfbE-00033-00021131-00021539": "LIKE, COMMENT AND SHARE."}}, {"audio_id": "39_U1h89wxA", "text": {"39_U1h89wxA-00000-00000200-00000400": "Have you ever gone through a moment \t\t\t   2              00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:10,000 and from being so you have gone confused", "39_U1h89wxA-00001-00001000-00001200": "you start questioning yourself what just happened?", "39_U1h89wxA-00002-00001500-00001700": "Yay, for some seconds", "39_U1h89wxA-00003-00002000-00002200": "and very weird thoughts will come", "39_U1h89wxA-00004-00002200-00002300": "this is a very common phenomenon.", "39_U1h89wxA-00005-00002900-00003200": "The translation of Deja-Vu has came from french", "39_U1h89wxA-00006-00003200-00003400": "which means \"already seen\".", "39_U1h89wxA-00007-00004400-00004500": "This reason makes everyone shock", "39_U1h89wxA-00008-00004500-00004900": "Deja vu is also considered a small brain glitch", "39_U1h89wxA-00009-00004900-00005000": "It is like two different streams", "39_U1h89wxA-00010-00005000-00005100": "of thought colliding.", "39_U1h89wxA-00011-00005300-00005500": "It is believed that deja-vu is", "39_U1h89wxA-00012-00005500-00011600": "collision of two different awareness", "39_U1h89wxA-00013-00006400-00006600": "A key feature of this is", "39_U1h89wxA-00014-00006600-00006900": "that person does have the realization of", "39_U1h89wxA-00015-00006900-00007200": "not watched it previously.", "39_U1h89wxA-00016-00007800-00008000": "A person is processing a sight twice", "39_U1h89wxA-00017-00008000-00008200": "Because of being distracted", "39_U1h89wxA-00018-00008200-00008400": "or his sight of vision was obstructed.", "39_U1h89wxA-00019-00009400-00009600": "Though the feeling of deja-vu is same among people 22. 00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:38,000 of healthy brains or", "39_U1h89wxA-00020-00009800-00010000": "who have neurological conditions", "39_U1h89wxA-00021-00010400-00010600": "You might have remembered when you score", "39_U1h89wxA-00022-00010700-00010800": "fewer marks in school", "39_U1h89wxA-00023-00012100-00012300": "Typically the more the grey matter is in brain", "39_U1h89wxA-00024-00012300-00012500": "the more effective brain is.", "39_U1h89wxA-00025-00012800-00013100": "Anyways on a serious note those who have neurological conditions", "39_U1h89wxA-00026-00013100-00013400": "deja-vu affects three parts of their brain", "39_U1h89wxA-00027-00014000-00014100": "These are areas that form memories and", "39_U1h89wxA-00028-00014100-00014400": "associates in reading it.", "39_U1h89wxA-00029-00015600-00015800": "As with all weird things many myths are", "39_U1h89wxA-00030-00015800-00015900": "associated with deja-vu", "39_U1h89wxA-00031-00015900-00016200": "some say if deja-vu happens to you", "39_U1h89wxA-00032-00016200-00016500": "this means the brain is telling you that", "39_U1h89wxA-00033-00016700-00016900": "Some myths tell that deja-vu happens when", "39_U1h89wxA-00034-00016900-00017300": "when a spiritual door opens", "39_U1h89wxA-00035-00017300-00017600": "from which you can go from our run to divine run", "39_U1h89wxA-00036-00017600-00017800": "a darker and more exciting myth is that", "39_U1h89wxA-00037-00017800-00018200": "if deja vu happens while talking to someone", "39_U1h89wxA-00038-00018200-00018400": "that person is likely to fall severely sick", "39_U1h89wxA-00039-00018400-00018600": "or even die", "39_U1h89wxA-00040-00018600-00018900": "so the next time you experience this out of the world", "39_U1h89wxA-00041-00018900-00019100": "You can believe in scientific theory", "39_U1h89wxA-00042-00019100-00019300": "or myths we live up to you", "39_U1h89wxA-00043-00019300-00019600": "As we said in the video deja-vu is very common"}}, {"audio_id": "39UAWkOncrY", "text": {"39UAWkOncrY-00000-00000086-00000513": "Hi everyone! I'm Aimee Sterk from Michigan Disability Rights Coalition", "39UAWkOncrY-00001-00000513-00000965": "from the Michigan Assistive Technology Program.  We had some requests for", "39UAWkOncrY-00002-00000965-00001434": "information on Assistive Technology for gardening so I wanted to show you, today,", "39UAWkOncrY-00003-00001434-00001964": "some of the options for container gardening and then next video I'll talk", "39UAWkOncrY-00004-00001964-00002457": "about some of the tools we use. A lot of us are thinking about gardening at", "39UAWkOncrY-00005-00002457-00003119": "home right now because of COVID and food shortages and also because it's a super", "39UAWkOncrY-00006-00003119-00003585": "relaxing, and it can be a really exciting hobby, and you get to eat the results!", "39UAWkOncrY-00007-00003585-00004064": "I think it's a good thing to take up right now. I know with my underlying", "39UAWkOncrY-00008-00004064-00004434": "disabilities I won't be at a farmers market anytime soon either.  But I've", "39UAWkOncrY-00009-00004434-00004796": "actually been gardening for over a decade,", "39UAWkOncrY-00010-00004796-00005151": "and so I wanted to share with you some of the tips that I have about choosing a", "39UAWkOncrY-00011-00005151-00005541": "container for your gardening that works for your body and then works for your", "39UAWkOncrY-00012-00005541-00005978": "budget too.  When I think about what I want to grow in my garden, I think about", "39UAWkOncrY-00013-00005978-00006561": "what I can't access cheaply at the store already and what I really like to eat.", "39UAWkOncrY-00014-00006561-00007073": "I really like carrots, but they are really cheap; even when I'm having them", "39UAWkOncrY-00015-00007073-00007377": "delivered right now so they're not something I'm going to take up garden", "39UAWkOncrY-00016-00007377-00008004": "space with, but I also really like kale and good kale at my local garden or my", "39UAWkOncrY-00017-00008004-00008522": "local grocery stores $2.50 and up for a bunch and I can get a packet of kale", "39UAWkOncrY-00018-00008522-00009075": "seeds for $2.50 and grow my own and have it all year and then it comes back a little", "39UAWkOncrY-00019-00009075-00009690": "bit for the next season too so I can even have some kale next spring.", "39UAWkOncrY-00020-00009690-00010014": "I definitely grow kale in my own garden. Another thing that I really", "39UAWkOncrY-00021-00010014-00010527": "like to grow in my own garden are tomatoes.  Really delicious tomatoes are", "39UAWkOncrY-00022-00010527-00011025": "really hard to come by in the store and pretty pricey. I like to grow cherry", "39UAWkOncrY-00023-00011025-00011463": "tomatoes because I have a family and a really busy life and I find that the", "39UAWkOncrY-00024-00011463-00012024": "bigger tomatoes if you grow them, if you water them erratically they get", "39UAWkOncrY-00025-00012024-00012438": "blossom-end rot.  Cherry tomatoes you can be a little more haphazard and your", "39UAWkOncrY-00026-00012438-00012944": "watering and still have a really good outcome there.  I'll show you some", "39UAWkOncrY-00027-00012944-00013443": "options for your containers and I think I'll put a link in, we use the Square", "39UAWkOncrY-00028-00013443-00013934": "Foot Gardening method, kind of, here at my house and it has some good ideas of", "39UAWkOncrY-00029-00013934-00014484": "choosing what works for your climate and then what works for your budget and", "39UAWkOncrY-00030-00014484-00015101": "what you want to focus on for using as much, using the space as wisely as", "39UAWkOncrY-00031-00015101-00015569": "possible.  They'll tell you like how many kales you can grow per square foot", "39UAWkOncrY-00032-00015569-00015962": "and how many tomato plants and  which ones are your best bang for your", "39UAWkOncrY-00033-00015962-00016487": "buck.  So two options that I want to talk about for growing in your garden", "39UAWkOncrY-00034-00016487-00016916": "especially if you use a wheelchair walker or bending as a problem for you,", "39UAWkOncrY-00035-00016916-00017591": "and also if you're on a budget you can grow delicious tomatoes in a five-gallon", "39UAWkOncrY-00036-00017591-00018107": "pail and you might have five gallon pail laying around already.", "39UAWkOncrY-00037-00018107-00018782": "I had my partner drill some holes in this one; they're actually holding both", "39UAWkOncrY-00038-00018782-00019403": "but I can show you this one.  You can set the five-gallon pail on the ground,", "39UAWkOncrY-00039-00019403-00019956": "but it really might work better to set it either on another pail or patio", "39UAWkOncrY-00040-00019956-00020537": "pavers.  You want to put a couple inches of gravel in the bottom and then", "39UAWkOncrY-00041-00020537-00021019": "I'm going to put in some soil that I bought.  <soil bag opening>", "39UAWkOncrY-00042-00021220-00021918": "You might need help with this, this is pretty heavy.  I have back problems but", "39UAWkOncrY-00043-00021918-00022934": "lifting doesn't really exacerbate them; I have other things that do.  So I fill the pail", "39UAWkOncrY-00044-00022934-00023735": "mostly with a good potting mix.  I do purchase this every year because you", "39UAWkOncrY-00045-00023735-00024047": "can't just fill it with compost that you have at your own house it needs to have", "39UAWkOncrY-00046-00024047-00024713": "some lighter material in it to keep the soil from compacting too much.  I got", "39UAWkOncrY-00047-00024713-00025154": "this tomato from a local non-profit.", "39UAWkOncrY-00048-00025399-00025931": "The cool thing about tomatoes is you can help them get a nice start by digging a", "39UAWkOncrY-00049-00025931-00026266": "hole that's deeper than the root bulb,", "39UAWkOncrY-00050-00026329-00027083": "and burying the tomato with some of its stem underground too.  It will grow more", "39UAWkOncrY-00051-00027083-00027739": "roots from that stem.  You also, if you're going to grow tomatoes or other vining", "39UAWkOncrY-00052-00027739-00028457": "things, are going to want to put a cage on them right from the start.  If you put", "39UAWkOncrY-00053-00028457-00029191": "the cage on later you risk damaging the plant; moving it to put the cage on.", "39UAWkOncrY-00054-00029191-00029600": "My tomato is ready to go.  Actually this one's gonna go for my mom on her porch.", "39UAWkOncrY-00055-00029600-00030116": "She could put this up on paving, or down on the ground, or on another", "39UAWkOncrY-00056-00030116-00031001": "bucket.  If you want to get a little more large-scale in your planting, you might", "39UAWkOncrY-00057-00031001-00032080": "want to do a raised bed like this.  We purchased these precast concrete blocks", "39UAWkOncrY-00058-00032080-00032819": "that you can stack on one another, and then insert two by sixes in, and build", "39UAWkOncrY-00059-00032819-00033524": "them as high as you want.  My partner helped cut these boards for me.", "39UAWkOncrY-00060-00033524-00033950": "This is just an example if you really wanted your bed this high, you would need to", "39UAWkOncrY-00061-00033950-00034709": "fill it mostly with soil.  I just wanted to set it up to show you.  These strawberries", "39UAWkOncrY-00062-00034709-00035081": "are perennials and I don't want to dig them up and and redo the bed that high,", "39UAWkOncrY-00063-00035081-00035684": "but that's an option.  This whole setup, not including soil, was about", "39UAWkOncrY-00064-00035684-00036125": "$27 so that's not a ton of money and that's a four by eight bed.", "39UAWkOncrY-00065-00036125-00036512": "You can feed a whole family on a four by eight garden bed if you're using the", "39UAWkOncrY-00066-00036512-00037141": "Square Foot Gardening method.  I believe the five gallon pail I got for", "39UAWkOncrY-00067-00037141-00037574": "about $3.50, two and then the soil was maybe about $5/$6 and I", "39UAWkOncrY-00068-00037574-00037900": "did have these tomato cages around, but I think they're not that expensive either.", "39UAWkOncrY-00069-00037900-00038656": "Even if you're starting from scratch right now, if you think about this", "39UAWkOncrY-00070-00038656-00039483": "here, $8 to grow one cherry tomato (plant).  With my cherry tomatoes I get", "39UAWkOncrY-00071-00039483-00040177": "bowl fulls of cherry tomatoes every couple days so it really would pay for", "39UAWkOncrY-00072-00040177-00040652": "itself a couple weeks into the fruiting season.  Plus they're way more delicious", "39UAWkOncrY-00073-00040652-00041030": "and the stuff I can find from the store; or they're as good as their really fancy", "39UAWkOncrY-00074-00041030-00041674": "stuff at the farmers market that cost $5 for a pint.  I think that's all I'm", "39UAWkOncrY-00075-00041674-00041977": "going to share with you right now about containers and kind of choosing what", "39UAWkOncrY-00076-00041977-00042380": "vegetables you might want to grow or fruit, but check back next time because I", "39UAWkOncrY-00077-00042380-00042861": "will be talking about tools that you might use.  Thanks!"}}, {"audio_id": "3q6IbWKm4bc", "text": {"3q6IbWKm4bc-00000-00000008-00001065": "Never in our lifetimes, for the rest of our lives, we may never have two weeks, three", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00001-00001065-00001807": "weeks, four weeks, to spend quality time with our kids and our families.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00002-00001807-00002069": "Never, ever.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00003-00002069-00003108": "This could be the only time in your life where you were forced to be in a situation where", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00004-00003108-00003714": "all you can do is hang out with your family.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00005-00003714-00004582": "And I understand the burden, the frustration, and the boredom.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00006-00004582-00005135": "But I want to really change your mindset.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00007-00005135-00005728": "When I say you're not bored, you're boring to just challenge yourself to get creative", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00008-00005728-00005908": "and to enjoy this time.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00009-00006232-00007267": "What's up everybody?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00010-00007267-00007513": "Welcome to the Sales Wolves Podcast.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00011-00007513-00007740": "As always, I'm your host, Tyler Jack Harris.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00012-00007740-00008190": "I am a Sales Wolf.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00013-00008190-00008634": "All right guys, I am here.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00014-00008634-00009497": "And this is Episode 164 of the Sales Wolves Podcast and the title of this episode may", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00015-00009497-00010066": "just be the entire episode and that is You Are Not Bored, You're Just Boring.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00016-00010066-00010321": "I'll let that sink in for a second there.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00017-00010321-00010541": "You are not bored.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00018-00010541-00011138": "You're just boring.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00019-00011138-00011346": "How's that feel?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00020-00011346-00012334": "I know with all the chaos going on, we've got so many parents that are quarantined.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00021-00012334-00012671": "They're at home.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00022-00012671-00013182": "And, you know, just a side note, you're not stuck at home, you're safe at home.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00023-00013182-00013984": "That's a mindset switch, but you're at home and you may have little ones running around.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00024-00013984-00014782": "And I understand, like I, I completely empathize with the difficulty, and especially a capacity", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00025-00014782-00015490": "of trying to work from home and get things done and, and handling kids and their attention", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00026-00015490-00015682": "spans and your own.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00027-00015682-00016359": "But I want to use this episode really as a challenge to you.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00028-00016359-00017181": "Because I know by now, however many weeks we are into this crisis, that it's possible,", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00029-00017181-00017521": "you're just completely running out of ideas of things to do.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00030-00017521-00017918": "And your kids are probably telling you, \"Mom, Dad, I'm bored.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00031-00017918-00018165": "I'm so bored.\"", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00032-00018165-00018549": "And you're probably thinking to yourself, many of you, \"Man, I'm just bored.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00033-00018549-00018798": "What is there to do?\"", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00034-00018798-00019556": "And I want to issue this challenge to you to get creative.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00035-00019556-00020206": "And here's the framework that I want to put around that.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00036-00020206-00020595": "Really the perspective that I want you to have on this period of time that you have", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00037-00020595-00020988": "been given.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00038-00020988-00022056": "Many of us, I would say most of us, never in our lifetimes, for the rest of our lives,", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00039-00022056-00022941": "we may never have two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, to spend quality time with our", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00040-00022941-00023206": "kids, and our families.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00041-00023206-00023467": "Never, ever.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00042-00023467-00024506": "This could be the only time in your life where you were forced to be in a situation where", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00043-00024506-00025112": "all you can do is hang out with your family.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00044-00025112-00025981": "And I understand the burden, the frustration, and the boredom.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00045-00025981-00026533": "But I want to really change your mindset.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00046-00026533-00027127": "When I say you're not bored, you're boring to just challenge yourself to get creative,", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00047-00027127-00027437": "and to enjoy this time.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00048-00027437-00027880": "There are so many reasons out there right now to be fearful.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00049-00027880-00028325": "There's so many reasons out there right now to be anxious.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00050-00028325-00028624": "And those reasons are very real.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00051-00028624-00029047": "And if you can hear my voice, if you can see me talking to you, I am telling you, those", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00052-00029047-00029386": "things are real.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00053-00029386-00029694": "But just like in all the other areas of your life, it's not what happens to you.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00054-00029694-00030261": "It's how you react to what happens to you.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00055-00030261-00031162": "And quite frankly, as bad as it may be, because for some, this is absolutely devastating.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00056-00031162-00031747": "But as bad as it may be, we can still look at this opportunity with our families as a", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00057-00031747-00031961": "gift.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00058-00031961-00032337": "The opportunity with your son as a gift.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00059-00032337-00033405": "The opportunity with your daughter as a gift that you may never, ever get or receive again.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00060-00033405-00034275": "And so I want this to be kind of like a battle cry like a challenge for you to rise up like", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00061-00034275-00035112": "to rise to the occasion, to accept that responsibility, to accept that challenge, to get creative", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00062-00035112-00035331": "and make the most out of this time.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00063-00035331-00035580": "Because I promise you this.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00064-00035580-00036327": "Your kids are going to remember this period of time for the rest of their lives, they're", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00065-00036327-00036946": "going to remember how you reacted during this crisis for the rest of their lives, they're", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00066-00036946-00037528": "going to remember the kind of person that you were, the kind of person that you were", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00067-00037528-00037718": "to be around.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00068-00037718-00038109": "They're going to remember the frustrations, they're gonna remember the joy.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00069-00038109-00038250": "They're going to remember the fear.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00070-00038250-00038416": "They're going to remember the excitement.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00071-00038416-00038790": "They're going to remember the fun things you did, and they're going to remember the times", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00072-00038790-00039031": "where you just weren't present.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00073-00039031-00039646": "You were available, but you weren't present in this moment.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00074-00039646-00039919": "And it is such a gift.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00075-00039919-00040311": "I want to I want to take your mind to 10 years down the road.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00076-00040311-00040926": "20 years down the road, your daughter's getting married, your son's leaving for college.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00077-00040926-00041503": "And you will think back to this time,\"Man, remember when I had four weeks to just sit", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00078-00041503-00042025": "and talk, to get to know them, to understand what they're going through.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00079-00042025-00042681": "To understand them in general on a much deeper level, to have conversations with them, that", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00080-00042681-00043177": "could have made a huge impact on their life.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00081-00043177-00043396": "And what did I do with that gift?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00082-00043396-00044113": "You know, I'm not a conspiracy theorist by any means.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00083-00044113-00044247": "I don't watch the news.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00084-00044247-00044825": "I don't try to figure out why this is happening.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00085-00044825-00045366": "But I have to believe that God has given us a gift in this season.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00086-00045366-00046084": "And it's the gift to for some reconnect, but for others to connect more deeply with the", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00087-00046084-00046390": "ones that are most important to us.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00088-00046390-00046953": "And that starts in your house, but it extends outside that.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00089-00046953-00047570": "A phone call is the definition of social distancing.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00090-00047570-00048027": "So who are those people in your life that you have all the time in the world now to", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00091-00048027-00048181": "reach out to?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00092-00048181-00049181": "To connect with maybe to repair some relationships, maybe to create space to have some vulnerable", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00093-00049181-00049390": "conversations.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00094-00049390-00049522": "Who are those people?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00095-00049522-00049907": "As I'm asking you that right now and I am asking right now who are those people that", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00096-00049907-00050180": "you need to reach out to?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00097-00050180-00050603": "Who just came to your mind?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00098-00050603-00050866": "Someone just came to your mind.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00099-00050866-00051578": "And now that that has been put out in front of you, you have a choice to make.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00100-00051578-00052059": "I can choose to reach out to them.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00101-00052059-00052346": "Have that difficult conversation.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00102-00052346-00052671": "Have that potentially amazing conversation.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00103-00052671-00052983": "But that's going to be a choice.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00104-00052983-00053375": "And what is the excuse that we always use?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00105-00053375-00053475": "Always use?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00106-00053475-00053575": "I just don't have enough time.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00107-00053575-00053917": "I just I just ran out of time.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00108-00053917-00054232": "Time right now is the only thing you have.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00109-00054232-00054711": "So what are you doing with the time that you've been given?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00110-00054711-00055327": "What are the things that you can look back on this crisis and be grateful for?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00111-00055327-00055469": "There's plenty to not be grateful for.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00112-00055469-00056010": "There's plenty of things to look back on this crisisa and when you look at it, it's just", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00113-00056010-00056269": "horrible.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00114-00056269-00056585": "And I'm not downplaying that in any way.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00115-00056585-00056988": "But what are some of those things that a year from now, 5 years from now, 10 years from", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00116-00056988-00057587": "now, 30 years from now, you can look back and think, \"Man, remember when we all had", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00117-00057587-00057687": "to be quarantined?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00118-00057687-00057787": "We couldn't go anywhere.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00119-00057787-00057887": "Like, nothing was open.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00120-00057887-00058421": "There was nothing to do outside of, you know, our homes and maybe the park nearby if that's", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00121-00058421-00058521": "open.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00122-00058521-00059258": "Remember that time that I had that I just watched a stupid Tiger King documentary and", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00123-00059258-00059698": "just absolutely destroyed my soul for six hours.\"", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00124-00059698-00060038": "Should be another podcast.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00125-00060038-00060790": "Or did I use that time to do all those things that I excused myself of not doing for the", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00126-00060790-00061391": "previous one 5, 10 years because I didn't have the time.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00127-00061391-00062147": "Time is our most valuable, most precious and most fleeting asset that we have.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00128-00062147-00062304": "So what are you doing with it right now?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00129-00062304-00062721": "What are you doing with it right now?", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00130-00062721-00062990": "It's a challenging question.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00131-00062990-00063519": "Because as easy as it is to pick up the phone and have that conversation as easy as it is", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00132-00063519-00064096": "to sit down and play tea party with your daughter, play video games with your son, play wiffle", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00133-00064096-00064509": "ball in the backyard, as easy and simple as it is to go and do those things, it's way", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00134-00064509-00064788": "easier not to.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00135-00064788-00065426": "And so this challenge is for you to rise to the occasion, for you to be aware of this", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00136-00065426-00066088": "gift that you've been given and do something about it.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00137-00066088-00066430": "Because if you're listening to this, if you've gotten to this point of the podcast, you are", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00138-00066430-00066794": "now aware of the gift.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00139-00066794-00067445": "And whatever happens from here is a conscious choice.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00140-00067445-00068330": "You chose to build those relationships, you chose to reconnect, you chose to dive deeper", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00141-00068330-00068982": "with your family, or you chose not to.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00142-00068982-00069425": "And man, that's gonna be a hard pill to swallow when they turn 21.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00143-00069425-00069851": "Or when they go off to college, or when they're in high school and the last thing they want", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00144-00069851-00070321": "to do is hang out with you on a Thursday afternoon.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00145-00070321-00071017": "It was a choice you made with the time that you have to not do those things.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00146-00071017-00071679": "And man I beg of you to make the choice, the right choice to go all in right now.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00147-00071679-00072195": "So the title, You're Not Bored You're Boring.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00148-00072195-00072370": "It's funny.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00149-00072370-00072716": "You probably laughed, hopefully.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00150-00072716-00073533": "But man, it's a serious, serious, serious thing that I want you to take very seriously.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00151-00073533-00073907": "That's it, guys.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00152-00073907-00074213": "I don't have any creative answers for you on what to do with your kids because I don't", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00153-00074213-00074446": "know your kids.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00154-00074446-00075138": "But you need to get interested in what they're interested in real fast and have conversations", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00155-00075138-00075311": "with them that you've never had before.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00156-00075311-00075584": "Have conversations with other people that you've never had before.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00157-00075584-00076027": "And use this gift for good.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00158-00076027-00076557": "Because there'll be plenty of bad, so we have to do what we can to find the good in the", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00159-00076557-00076755": "bad.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00160-00076755-00077284": "With that, guys, this is Episode 164 of the Sales Wolves Podcast.", "3q6IbWKm4bc-00161-00077284-00078080": "As always, I'm your host Tyler Jack Harris and I am a Sales Wolf."}}, {"audio_id": "3quQHEJKNOu", "text": {"3quQHEJKNOu-00000-00000328-00000800": "Hello, I'm Stian Soiland-Reyes from the University of Manchester. I also work for the", "3quQHEJKNOu-00001-00000800-00001512": "BioeExcel Center of Excellence in the EU. I'm going to talking to you today about RO-Crate,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00002-00001512-00002007": "and BioCompute Objects, and how we can use those to describe and package workflows", "3quQHEJKNOu-00003-00002208-00002536": "First I want to give you the annual reminder of the FAIR", "3quQHEJKNOu-00004-00002536-00003008": "guiding principles! You may have heard them before, but if not, here's a quick intro.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00005-00003112-00003496": "This is a very influential paper, published in 2016,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00006-00003496-00004272": "which has since influenced a lot on funding and Open Science movement. This is basically", "3quQHEJKNOu-00007-00004272-00004768": "trying to change how we do something as simple as publishing data for our research.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00008-00004832-00005120": "As you probably know, people are not always very good at this,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00009-00005120-00005416": "but this paper sets out some good principles to follow.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00010-00005504-00006248": "The letters FAIR is an acronym, standing for Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00011-00006328-00006792": "But behind this, we have some actual principles that you can try to follow.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00012-00006912-00007264": "Scientists are meant to make sure the data is Findable, by", "3quQHEJKNOu-00013-00007400-00007776": "having metadata, and data to be assigned global identifiers;", "3quQHEJKNOu-00014-00007776-00008328": "which you don't throw away, keep them working! Having rich Metadata, to describe the data,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00015-00008424-00009096": "and in the metadata, use those identifiers all right! Don't just throw them away! And", "3quQHEJKNOu-00016-00009096-00009608": "you register this data and metadata in some searchable resource or repository.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00017-00009608-00010080": "To make it Accessible, data should be retrievable by the same identifier,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00018-00010080-00010432": "and using some standard communication protocol, which should be open.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00019-00010624-00011384": "This means that, sometimes if the data is not available, maybe it is just too big or maybe it's", "3quQHEJKNOu-00020-00011440-00011744": "actually not meant to be shared; it could be personal data and so on;", "3quQHEJKNOu-00021-00011744-00012216": "that's OK, but the Metadata must remain Accessible even if the Data is gone.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00022-00012312-00012784": "Interoperability is key, so making sure the data, and importantly the metadata,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00023-00012872-00013432": "is following some structured formal knowledge representation:", "3quQHEJKNOu-00024-00013432-00014072": "some kind of Syntax that the computer can understand, wherein you should use Vocabularies,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00025-00014072-00014760": "so you agree about what the different keys mean, in your columns and so on. In", "3quQHEJKNOu-00026-00014760-00015112": "the metadata you should have some reference to other metadata, where they exist.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00027-00015191-00015584": "It's quite hard to follow all of these principles, but they are kind of", "3quQHEJKNOu-00028-00015640-00016288": "guiding, so we should kind of move towards them; and this is to improve Reusability of your data,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00029-00016288-00016584": "and for that you also need to know the License: are you allowed to do it?", "3quQHEJKNOu-00030-00016640-00017056": "Add some Attributes, to describe it, like how large is the data, say.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00031-00017136-00017488": "Anyway, FAIR was proposed for data, but", "3quQHEJKNOu-00032-00017488-00017944": "now there's a strong movement to say this should be used also for Software in research,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00033-00017944-00018280": "and also for computational workflows, that are using that software.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00034-00018344-00018640": "You see here the idea of FAIR Computational Workflows,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00035-00018640-00019088": "which we published just a year ago now in the Data Intelligence journal,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00036-00019088-00019600": "has now spun up several different workshops and independent projects starting up.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00037-00019672-00020256": "You see my boss stand there in the corner, Carole Goble, who presented a special theme on", "3quQHEJKNOu-00038-00020312-00020936": "FAIR Computational Workflows at both ECCB and Workflows RI community", "3quQHEJKNOu-00039-00021016-00021320": "meetings. This was showing that there is an appetite for making", "3quQHEJKNOu-00040-00021320-00021800": "sure workflows themselves are also shared using similar FAIR principles.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00041-00021800-00022416": "If we look at this, which is a paper for someone doing metagenomics, and I'm actually", "3quQHEJKNOu-00042-00022416-00023312": "quite impressed by reading this, because here the authors have done exceptionally well for", "3quQHEJKNOu-00043-00023424-00023760": "improving reproducibility and explaining their methods.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00044-00023760-00024072": "You see I've highlighted in bold all the different tools they've", "3quQHEJKNOu-00045-00024072-00024344": "used, for which they've included versions, options and everything.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00046-00024416-00024840": "This is unusual, you don't normally see that, this is very high level of detail!", "3quQHEJKNOu-00047-00024904-00025176": "Yet if i want to run the same workflow,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00048-00025232-00025768": "I cannot click \"Run\" on that paper, I will have to spend weeks, if not months,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00049-00025768-00026264": "trying to build a similar workflow, installing the tools, connecting them up, and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00050-00026376-00026768": "And if you look further at this particular paper, they've also shared the individual", "3quQHEJKNOu-00051-00026768-00027232": "scripts and so on that they've used. But when we say \"workflow\", here it is actually just a", "3quQHEJKNOu-00052-00027232-00027624": "shell script. That's the most common thing, that there is a shell script underneath.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00053-00027688-00028183": "If we think about that, how can that workflow be described and shared using the FAIR principles,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00054-00028239-00028536": "we would need some kind of overlay on top, to provide the metadata,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00055-00028536-00029064": "because clearly a few comments in there, that just says \"analyze\", it doesn't quite cut it.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00056-00029160-00029744": "This is the idea that made us come up the concept of Research Objects.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00057-00029839-00030583": "That started about ten years ago now, in this the seminal paper, linked in the bottom there,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00058-00030583-00030983": "which led to lots of new work we shall tell you about.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00059-00031080-00031848": "The idea of Research Object is that you gather together not just the Data, not just the CSV file,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00060-00031848-00032552": "not just the log files, not just the scripts that made those csv files, but you", "3quQHEJKNOu-00061-00032552-00033200": "bundle all of these things together, and you relate them to each other using rich metadata.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00062-00033200-00033632": "The Metadata is key here as well, because each of them will come from a different place,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00063-00033632-00034176": "they will have different authors for instance, and one thing leads to another, and if you", "3quQHEJKNOu-00064-00034176-00034928": "use a structured language for that that means computers can understand it as well as machines", "3quQHEJKNOu-00065-00034928-00035640": "as computers and machines computers and humans which we know are not machines right anyway.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00066-00035640-00036520": "RO-Crate is the latest evolution of how to express such Research Objects. We talked about metadata;", "3quQHEJKNOu-00067-00036520-00037168": "the way you need to write it down using a formal knowledge representation so this is one of those", "3quQHEJKNOu-00068-00037344-00037983": "and it's actually built upon existing standards on linked data something called schema.org.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00069-00037983-00038064": "And it's actually built upon existing standards on linked data, something called schema.org, which we", "3quQHEJKNOu-00070-00038064-00038504": "shall come back to. It's a lightweight approach, even though we're trying to", "3quQHEJKNOu-00071-00038504-00038856": "use existing standards, we tried to kind of hide most of those details.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00072-00038920-00039264": "As I say, it's a community effort. So anyone can join, there a large list of", "3quQHEJKNOu-00073-00039264-00039816": "collaborators there. And so we're trying to just put together the best practices", "3quQHEJKNOu-00074-00039880-00040728": "on how to write down formal metadata, and make it FAIR. Also, not just for describing", "3quQHEJKNOu-00075-00040728-00041320": "simple data sets for a couple of files, but also large computational analyses.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00076-00041528-00041992": "What's in the heart of it? I'm going to have to scare you a bit with something called JSON,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00077-00042064-00042192": "you may have heard about it!", "3quQHEJKNOu-00078-00042192-00042624": "So this is the web developers' favourite knowledge representation, if you want to call it that.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00079-00042712-00043296": "Basically, JSON is just a key value pairs. And you can do arrays of those, and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00080-00043432-00043864": "One problem when you're using JSON, if you've ever tried using", "3quQHEJKNOu-00081-00043864-00044208": "Web APIs, is that everybody makes their own!", "3quQHEJKNOu-00082-00044208-00044792": "So they all have different words they use. And so you're breaking that other FAIR principles about", "3quQHEJKNOu-00083-00044792-00045320": "Vocabularies, because it's not interoperable. If everybody makes up their own words, you just", "3quQHEJKNOu-00084-00045320-00045776": "squash the text into something that just looks like a structure although everyone is special.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00085-00045848-00046096": "And that would make it very hard for something to do, for instance,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00086-00046152-00046680": "\"Find all the workflows, which do genome sequencing analysis\",", "3quQHEJKNOu-00087-00046680-00046992": "because if they all express it differently, you can't do that kind of program.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00088-00047144-00047640": "So in RO-Create, we are kind of locking down some of those aspects,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00089-00047640-00048304": "using something called schema.org, which is a large initiative, which is actually used for", "3quQHEJKNOu-00090-00048304-00048928": "marking of Wed pages originally. So it's led by Google. And it's what gives you that little search", "3quQHEJKNOu-00091-00048984-00049264": "info box when you find a business or something.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00092-00049264-00049672": "But schema.org is a very large vocabulary of words, like the red things you see on", "3quQHEJKNOu-00093-00049672-00050344": "the left there, which we can reuse also, for datasets, and for all kind of useful things.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00094-00050344-00050577": "Because it seems like we need many of the same things,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00095-00050577-00050880": "persons and organisations, for example, shown here, right.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00096-00050968-00051216": "So in RO-Crate, we separate between those two things,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00097-00051216-00051528": "because we have the Data Entities, that are things we are describing,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00098-00051528-00052016": "files and downloadable things in a sense, database, and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00099-00052016-00052560": "And then Contextual Entities, things around it, things that have helped make it or otherwise.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00100-00052640-00053000": "And in RO-Crate, we basically tell you how to do those.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00101-00053120-00053655": "This looks like a specification, but this really is more guidance, Best Practice Guidance.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00102-00053760-00054152": "We're showing how to use the existing standards, but in a very", "3quQHEJKNOu-00103-00054320-00054872": "simplified way, which is easy to get started with. You can go on and do more if you want to,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00104-00054872-00055128": "but you don't have to, you can just start with the simple thing.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00105-00055191-00055384": "So we're kind of doing Linked Data,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00106-00055384-00055752": "but you don't need to know. So we're kind of hiding some of those details.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00107-00056000-00056624": "But an important aspect of that is also to have tooling, so we have Software Libraries to help", "3quQHEJKNOu-00108-00056624-00057152": "you get along. And for most people, which are not developers, they need something more", "3quQHEJKNOu-00109-00057152-00057767": "\"clickety-click\" and therefore we have, specially the Sydney partners", "3quQHEJKNOu-00110-00057767-00058072": "in this project, they have developed something very cool called Describo,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00111-00058128-00058544": "which is a Desktop application for doing that simple use case: Just putting together a couple", "3quQHEJKNOu-00112-00058544-00059240": "of files, describing them, hence the name, and also linking in authors, publishers and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00113-00059240-00059608": "But you can click the blue buttons and add in additional things as well. So you", "3quQHEJKNOu-00114-00059608-00060240": "can go kind go \"off piste\" if you want to. Describo is a easy-going", "3quQHEJKNOu-00115-00060240-00060736": "way to get started with making an RO-Crate, and you're making formal metadata at the same time,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00116-00060816-00061184": "which you can then use with the other tools, which I'll show you a bit about later.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00117-00061240-00061584": "So here's a similar one, which have just started just a month ago,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00118-00061584-00061879": "called Describo Online. So this is a kind of a Web attempt", "3quQHEJKNOu-00119-00061936-00062504": "to do the same thing. It is actually a bit more general, because it it now handles all", "3quQHEJKNOu-00120-00062504-00063184": "kinds of types, not just the prescribed one that we have listed in the RO-Crate pages", "3quQHEJKNOu-00121-00063240-00063855": "Now here, you can use OneDrive as the starting point here, because in University of Technology", "3quQHEJKNOu-00122-00063855-00064360": "Sydney, they just said, \"This is the data repository. This is just OneDrive,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00123-00064360-00064696": "we are paying for that to Microsoft anyway, just put all your data there.\" Of course,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00124-00064696-00065136": "there's no metadata in there, and people have very weird file names, and so on. So", "3quQHEJKNOu-00125-00065136-00065640": "if you just overlay and RO-Crate in there, you can describe your data and connect them all together.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00126-00065792-00066248": "And Describo Online is now taken up by further EU projects to connect to other cloud providers.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00127-00066248-00066744": "Now, here's a very interesting project which uses RO-Crate, but you don't really see it. So", "3quQHEJKNOu-00128-00066840-00067128": "there's something called PARADISEC, which is", "3quQHEJKNOu-00129-00067200-00067768": "digitising cultural records. So we are now into Digital Humanities, with no molecules insight!", "3quQHEJKNOu-00130-00067928-00068624": "And in here, you're finding all these recordings of people speaking their native languages,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00131-00068624-00068976": "and so on, and your transcriptions of those, if you digitise the records, you", "3quQHEJKNOu-00132-00068976-00069448": "get lots of different files with different attributions, and different types and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00133-00069512-00069968": "And to formalize that metadata, you have to have quite a bit of structure, because you want to", "3quQHEJKNOu-00134-00069968-00070456": "keep them separate, but merged together in a way. And, and that's what they've done here.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00135-00070456-00070872": "But actually, beneath the hood, it is RO-Crate,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00136-00070872-00071256": "but you don't see it, nless you click the secret button in the corner.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00137-00071256-00071616": "So you see that kind of metadata shown here, it's actually extracted out", "3quQHEJKNOu-00138-00071688-00072120": "from an RO-Crate. Now it didn't start as an RO-Crate, but they converted it into RO-Crate,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00139-00072216-00072552": "so that they have actually preserved their metadata.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00140-00072552-00072984": "Because they said an important aspect for them was not just to make a lovely portal, but", "3quQHEJKNOu-00141-00073048-00073376": "for all that rich metadata to also be preserved,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00142-00073376-00073976": "even if they stop using that portal, right. So you want to make the metadata FAIR as well.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00143-00074280-00074608": "So this is a project that I've been working on in", "3quQHEJKNOu-00144-00074608-00075000": "Manchester and with several other EU partners, something called WorkflowHub,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00145-00075000-00075488": "which we're quite excited about. It is fairly new, it's just starting to fill up now.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00146-00075488-00076104": "It's a repository of computational workflows in life sciences, where you can", "3quQHEJKNOu-00147-00076104-00076448": "register your workflow, no matter which language it's implemented in.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00148-00076528-00076784": "We also catalogue existing repositories.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00149-00076856-00077312": "And one challenge we had there was support the many different workflow languages.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00150-00077312-00077736": "And they often don't have much support for metadata, even simple things,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00151-00077736-00078088": "you know \"who's the author of the workflow\", it's not going to say in the workflow.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00152-00078168-00078584": "So we need some way to captured that metadata and keep it.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00153-00078640-00078976": "And also, some workflows are not just a simple file,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00154-00078976-00079344": "there are a set of different files working together, just like in programming languages.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00155-00079424-00079992": "And again, they can have different attributions, different provenance and file types and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00156-00079992-00080416": "Because if they're good, they actually reusing each other's work. But then, of course,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00157-00080416-00080968": "they should be, you should be seeing, again, your name and the things that have been reused.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00158-00080968-00081544": "So it's many of the same challenges we saw before with the cultural heritage example.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00159-00081656-00082072": "If you just look into here in the WorkflowHub, how a workflow has been uploaded, and then", "3quQHEJKNOu-00160-00082192-00082576": "you get the diagram for it, you can see it, and then metadata is shown on the side.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00161-00082648-00083008": "So for the user, you can see all these things, you can fill them in, and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00162-00083072-00083472": "And also the inside of the workflow, maybe description of the steps and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00163-00083568-00084184": "But actually, if you click the button to download the RO-Crate, or use the API to do so, you will", "3quQHEJKNOu-00164-00084184-00084688": "find the structured metadata is also available there, hopefully, all of this information is", "3quQHEJKNOu-00165-00084688-00085192": "also captured. I will admit not all of it is in there at the moment, but most of it should be.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00166-00085480-00086024": "But now, we're also looking at doing that also for registering workflows, right? So not just to show", "3quQHEJKNOu-00167-00086024-00086592": "or share workflow metadata out again, but also to reuse such structural metadata from the", "3quQHEJKNOu-00168-00086592-00087024": "outside. Then you can maintain metadata separately on the outside, in GitHub.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00169-00087024-00087408": "So this is something we're doing in the Bioexcel project, because we have some real-world workflows", "3quQHEJKNOu-00170-00087408-00088280": "doing COVID-19 analysis on supercomputers. And this is not so easy as the previous example,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00171-00088280-00088616": "because here you have multiple files, with different options and so on. So", "3quQHEJKNOu-00172-00088760-00089064": "here is actually a whole GitHub repository, just for one workflow.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00173-00089120-00089328": "And that's a very common approach now, that we see now,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00174-00089328-00089680": "that other people maintain workflows as if they are source code, so that's", "3quQHEJKNOu-00175-00089680-00090352": "a very promising ment. I'm very happy for that, because that's not how it was 10 years ago.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00176-00090504-00091064": "But we see here that RO-Crate is useful, because you can describe all the other files in your", "3quQHEJKNOu-00177-00091064-00091536": "repositories. Because if you have more than three workflows, where do you start? So you", "3quQHEJKNOu-00178-00091536-00092128": "need to know that kind of thing. And that's why we have an Advanced Upload where we can do that. Then", "3quQHEJKNOu-00179-00092128-00092392": "keep it in sync, so you don't need to go in and update anymore.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00180-00092472-00092888": "Still work in progress, because people will try to break this in different ways.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00181-00092888-00093360": "Now, to make these kind of platforms, you need good software libraries. So I'm not gonna claim", "3quQHEJKNOu-00182-00093360-00093848": "they are all good, we have version 0.2, but they are maturing a lot. And we have libs for", "3quQHEJKNOu-00183-00093848-00094168": "several programming languages. And that is helping a lot for this kind of development.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00184-00094248-00094896": "And that's another aspect is that FAIR is not just for machines,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00185-00094896-00095296": "we talked a lot about the machines being happy! But what if the developers are being", "3quQHEJKNOu-00186-00095296-00095880": "happy (with FAIR JSON), for most people are not, they just want to read text!", "3quQHEJKNOu-00187-00095880-00096784": "If you have all this metadata structured, there's a lovely tool that is called RO-Crate HTML, from", "3quQHEJKNOu-00188-00096784-00097424": "our Sydney partners, who will render it for you, as a kind of table-based view, you can click into", "3quQHEJKNOu-00189-00097424-00097976": "individual things. So you can go and explore, one by one of the resources described, for instance,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00190-00097976-00098408": "say on on the right you see we clicked into the chipseq example. And then we can see the", "3quQHEJKNOu-00191-00098408-00098928": "individual authors of that particular file, but also links to how it's related to other resources.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00192-00099024-00099592": "It looks interactive, but it's actually a single HTML page that just reads that JSON file. And", "3quQHEJKNOu-00193-00099592-00100088": "therefore this can also be stored and preserved, you know, not for eternity, or for as long as", "3quQHEJKNOu-00194-00100088-00100800": "we have web browsers. And so you will have this living alone without any infrastructure running.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00195-00100944-00101400": "Now, let's move on to BioCompute Objects, because that's really why we're here today. You might", "3quQHEJKNOu-00196-00101400-00102256": "remember several talks about it BioCompute Objects before. They have been standardised, working with", "3quQHEJKNOu-00197-00102256-00102880": "IEEE have made the standard called \"2791-2020\" - after the year we all want to remember!", "3quQHEJKNOu-00198-00103183-00103759": "You can go the standard, if you pay or have access. But you don't really need to,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00199-00103759-00104383": "because most of the definitions are actually shared open source in JSON Schemas. So this", "3quQHEJKNOu-00200-00104383-00104911": "is what the programmers want, because here you can see all these keys that we talked about, for", "3quQHEJKNOu-00201-00105008-00105328": "Biocompute Objects that are already formally defined in there.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00202-00105383-00106208": "Now, so the old name \"BioCompute Object\", We can think of it like via \"Wi Fi\" versus \"IEEE 802.11\".", "3quQHEJKNOu-00203-00106208-00106696": "So there's a formal standard, and a word for it, more like a colloquial name.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00204-00106696-00107248": "This is also the user community, we have regular meetings, and so on. And there will be lots of", "3quQHEJKNOu-00205-00107248-00107720": "documentation, some tools and libraries and so on, those kind of things for BioCompute Object.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00206-00107888-00108496": "Now, here you see some JSON for BioCompute Object. It's not meant to look like that, because", "3quQHEJKNOu-00207-00108664-00109135": "it's a bit too much to look at as a human! So the computer is meant to look at it.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00208-00109208-00109511": "I'm going to insert a nice picture with colours in here, so you can see that,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00209-00109583-00109783": "where we separate the different domains.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00210-00109783-00110288": "The key concept of BioCompute Object is that you have Provenance domain, Useability domain,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00211-00110288-00110704": "Description domain, Execution domain. This is to describe different aspects of a workflow", "3quQHEJKNOu-00212-00110704-00111248": "essentially. So you say: Where did it come from? How do you run it? What does it mean?", "3quQHEJKNOu-00213-00111248-00111583": "What it is actually for? And that's very important to know, what is it", "3quQHEJKNOu-00214-00111583-00112024": "really useful for, so you don't run the workflow on the wrong species or something!", "3quQHEJKNOu-00215-00112144-00112728": "And what I'm gonna look at today, is how to combine these two standards. They look like", "3quQHEJKNOu-00216-00112728-00113240": "they are doing a similar thing, right? Is it about describing things? But not quite the same way.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00217-00113320-00113872": "What we're talking about is how to put BioCompute Oobjects into RO-Crate, to making some kind of", "3quQHEJKNOu-00218-00113872-00114688": "package of the BCO. Now, why would you want to do that? Well, the BCO itself is is just a JSON file,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00219-00114816-00115320": "a description of the workflow that I mentioned, and there are also all the other sort of files,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00220-00115320-00115728": "which we may want to talk about. So we'll come back to that in a minute.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00221-00115816-00116568": "Let's pick a use case, here's one that we use, which is just gone a bit \"off piste\", go to a bit", "3quQHEJKNOu-00222-00116568-00117335": "of things unfamiliar to me wishes the Nextflow workflow system. It has nothing to do with me,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00223-00117335-00117824": "and therefore I'm a bit more neutral to it. But it's a very nice workflow system, which", "3quQHEJKNOu-00224-00117824-00118480": "is very popular for running, particularly on the cloud, things like next gen sequencing pipelines.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00225-00118480-00119200": "Here's something interesting called nf-core, which is a collection of standardised workflows,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00226-00119200-00119568": "that are very well-maintained by a community of developers.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00227-00119680-00120072": "Let's just imagine someone wants to submit one of those, straight into FDA?", "3quQHEJKNOu-00228-00120448-00120735": "Biomedically it is probably wrong to use this particular workflow,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00229-00120735-00121208": "but I like this particular workflow, because it's really nicely documented! So you see,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00230-00121311-00121728": "all the different steps are well documented on the web page, you can see the outputs,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00231-00121728-00122344": "what what are they meant to mean, the individual parameters you can set.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00232-00122424-00122904": "In many ways, if if all workflows were described like this, you probably didn't need", "3quQHEJKNOu-00233-00122904-00123432": "the BioCompute Object! So part of the reason for doing BioCompute Object is to force that", "3quQHEJKNOu-00234-00123432-00123840": "kind of information out of people, right, so there's a blank slot that needs to be filled in.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00235-00123944-00124472": "Because you can imagine generating this kind of output from those fields in a BioCompute Object.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00236-00124696-00125048": "Therefore the users would have to fill it in, so they don't get empty sections.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00237-00125216-00125559": "I want to use this as an example for making a BioCompute Object,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00238-00125616-00125840": "which I'm then going to wrap into RO-Crate.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00239-00125968-00126392": "And I like this workflow, because I can just pick up all the information from here,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00240-00126392-00126711": "I don't have to use my own workflow, which I know too well.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00241-00126711-00127272": "And initially we'll just fill in things off blank here, we already have the information.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00242-00127272-00127535": "It's nice for testing, because you can just run it on the command line,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00243-00127535-00128072": "if you have Nextflow installed. There's no additional steps for getting it ready.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00244-00128072-00128479": "So this workflow is good for getting started with this tutorial.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00245-00128479-00128952": "This is built as a tutorial for how would you do this yourself, given that workflow.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00246-00128952-00129480": "Once you've got to do with our workflow, you can hopefully do it yourself with your own workflow.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00247-00129608-00130320": "This we have published on the BioCompute Object website. The way we start, especially with step", "3quQHEJKNOu-00248-00130320-00130792": "zero, is installable a workflow engine. Because we are using Nextflow, most people maybe are not", "3quQHEJKNOu-00249-00130792-00131328": "using Nextflow, so we will have to show you how to get started with that. It's just two command", "3quQHEJKNOu-00250-00131328-00131904": "lines to run actually, but it depends a bit on on your machine how to do this particular step.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00251-00132024-00132440": "Usually, most people know how to run their own workflow engine. So when you want to do this", "3quQHEJKNOu-00252-00132440-00132800": "with your own workflow, you don't need to do this bit. But a good question is,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00253-00132896-00133456": "how do we capture THIS information on BioCompute Object or RO-Crate level,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00254-00133456-00133736": "because there are no slots for this at the moment, for how to get", "3quQHEJKNOu-00255-00133800-00134232": "the engine for running the workflow ready and running in the correct version, and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00256-00134472-00134792": "In the tutorial, what we're starting with is just some kind of skeleton", "3quQHEJKNOu-00257-00134792-00135080": "things. It's showing how to make these JSON files.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00258-00135080-00135760": "Kind of giving you an empty template to start with, and how you fill in all the different", "3quQHEJKNOu-00259-00135760-00136304": "things. And as we're working along with filling up this data/ directory, and we'll come back", "3quQHEJKNOu-00260-00136304-00136728": "to this later, where we call it \"data\". It's not all data, but that's the name we're using.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00261-00136912-00137568": "So we can think of the BCO as describing a workflow as a true and exemplar run.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00262-00137568-00138032": "This is why we're going to run the workflow, because to be a BioCompute Object you talk also,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00263-00138032-00138384": "just like we saw on the Nextflow website, about inputs and outputs.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00264-00138456-00138920": "The easiest way to work this out is to have some actual outputs to show. And that means", "3quQHEJKNOu-00265-00138920-00139416": "you need some example inputs to run the workflow with. Luckily we saw this workflow had that!", "3quQHEJKNOu-00266-00139544-00140040": "But before you even start, we can talk about the workflow definition, the script that", "3quQHEJKNOu-00267-00140040-00140512": "you're kind of running. That goes into the Provenance domain of the BioCompute Object.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00268-00140512-00140960": "So you see in this tutorial, we do have to cover some aspects of the BCO as well. This", "3quQHEJKNOu-00269-00140960-00141336": "also kind of a tutorial for how to do this with the BioCompute Object.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00270-00141472-00142160": "Because we come into some questions on here on What? Who did we mean? Who made what?", "3quQHEJKNOu-00271-00142160-00142576": "For instance, I'm using this workflow from nf-core, which I didn't write.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00272-00142576-00143032": "So I should acknowledge the original authors, as you see I've done here,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00273-00143032-00143272": "we've added my name, although, I'm not an author.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00274-00143328-00143928": "But I help create this BCO, I didn't put the knowledge into it, but I helped putting", "3quQHEJKNOu-00275-00143928-00144712": "it together. So already, you can see how these slots, by being flat in the BioCompute Object,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00276-00144712-00145168": "can get a bit squeezed. And this is why I wanted BCO to be focused on the workflow,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00277-00145168-00145416": "because that's really what the BCO is describing;", "3quQHEJKNOu-00278-00145488-00145856": "not all these other things we have around it, like the data files, and so on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00279-00146088-00146800": "So it's fair to point out that BCO do allow you to specify different roles of contributions,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00280-00146872-00147456": "like you can distinguish between someone who Authored, someone who helped make the knowledge,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00281-00147456-00147976": "versus someone who Created, maybe just made the file, saved it at a particular format.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00282-00148104-00148440": "Or even someone who has been Curating, reviewing something,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00283-00148512-00149032": "or Importing it, moving it from one place to another, or just Retrieving.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00284-00149176-00149872": "These different types of roles you can specify at a BCO level. And that's quite", "3quQHEJKNOu-00285-00149872-00150384": "powerful for this particular use case where we have different people, different organisations,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00286-00150384-00151040": "who are contributing in different ways. Yet BCO still deals with the workflow", "3quQHEJKNOu-00287-00151040-00151720": "and the BCO as a single submission. And if you wanted to break down further, like saying", "3quQHEJKNOu-00288-00152024-00152224": "Who made a particular data file?", "3quQHEJKNOu-00289-00152312-00152864": "Then you need to go into RO-Crate level. That's where the RO-Crate kind of complements the BCO,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00290-00152864-00153352": "in that, instead of focusing on the different roles, you can specify all the different things", "3quQHEJKNOu-00291-00153352-00153928": "that have been contributed, and attach people and organisation at that level.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00292-00153984-00154728": "So you see these different approaches may be representative of the same contributors,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00293-00154728-00155312": "but in in different ways in a different perspective into their contributionships.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00294-00155560-00155944": "Similarly, for RO-Crate, we make a skeleton, the skeleton for RO-Crate", "3quQHEJKNOu-00295-00155944-00156368": "is quite small, but still a couple of lines, and that because the first thing", "3quQHEJKNOu-00296-00156368-00156824": "in an RO-Crate always does is to describe itself. Following the FAIR principles,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00297-00156824-00157432": "it should also self-identify, so we know what this is. It basically says \"I am an RO-Crate\".", "3quQHEJKNOu-00298-00157536-00157840": "There we have different versions, we say which one we're trying to be.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00299-00157936-00158384": "It may not be true! At least you know what version the RO-Crate is attempting to comply with.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00300-00158664-00159208": "In the tutorial, we look a bit about how you fill in these different bits of", "3quQHEJKNOu-00301-00159208-00159736": "RO-Crate and the BCO in tandem. Bit by bit, some things, sometimes there are overlaps,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00302-00159736-00160152": "but actually there are differences. For instance, we come back to authors,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00303-00160152-00160744": "the Dataset, this RO-Crate, the collection, the author of this is is whoever put it together.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00304-00160744-00161176": "So that's where my name can come in. And so you see, I put my identifier in as an author here.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00305-00161176-00161408": "And again, we can have a different licence for the package,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00306-00161480-00162032": "rather than on individual files. Sometimes we have a mix of things, that's okay, because in RO-Crate,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00307-00162168-00162632": "we can override these under individual nodes for each of the files and say,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00308-00162632-00162896": "Actually there is a different licence here, there's a different author for that.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00309-00163024-00163456": "You can provide additional metadata for each thing, where you need to .", "3quQHEJKNOu-00310-00163456-00163720": "The tutorial then goes on with how to run the workflow.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00311-00163880-00164352": "This is where we thought it was easy, because just a one liner from Nextflow, they were very helpful,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00312-00164568-00165112": "all the test data just comes in, and it just runs and take a couple of minutes to run.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00313-00165312-00165728": "While it's running, you can fill in the Biocompute Object. But then you get some questions like,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00314-00165784-00166016": "what about all this test data? And I should be", "3quQHEJKNOu-00315-00166120-00166832": "declearing that in my BCO, should I not? And therefore where does the data come from?", "3quQHEJKNOu-00316-00166832-00167256": "Luckily, there's a log, you see in the corner there, we get some URLs coming out, which you can", "3quQHEJKNOu-00317-00167256-00167920": "click on, that's how Nextflow fetches the data. Those fit perfectly into the BCO. And luckily,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00318-00167920-00168376": "they also fit perfectly into the RO-Crate, because in both cases, we're using URLs", "3quQHEJKNOu-00319-00168376-00168936": "as identifiers. That's basically making Linked Data! It's just identifiers you can click on.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00320-00169288-00169640": "Sometimes you have to decide on your own identifiers, because you're making", "3quQHEJKNOu-00321-00169640-00170120": "new data in your run. The easiest is just to refer to them locally, in your folder path.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00322-00170224-00170464": "Sometimes that doesn't work because they're too big,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00323-00170528-00170848": "or you're not allowed to share them, that kind of thing.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00324-00170848-00171496": "When I did this, one of the \"big data\" is 100 megabyte, one ZIP drive, right? Because GitHub", "3quQHEJKNOu-00325-00171496-00171944": "doesn't allow more than that! Then we had to do external references for those kind of files.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00326-00172008-00172384": "That raises new questions, we address a bit about that in the tutorial as well.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00327-00172824-00173416": "What about the results, when you get them coming out, you may want to do", "3quQHEJKNOu-00328-00173416-00174032": "this description of them. In RO-Crate it is not a manifest, you might think of it like it is,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00329-00174032-00174320": "but it's not, you don't have to declare every little file you have,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00330-00174416-00174816": "but you can declare folders, so in this case, we just listed individual folders,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00331-00174872-00175472": "which corresponds fairly well to the documentation pages we saw on NF-core website. This means we", "3quQHEJKNOu-00332-00175472-00176008": "can fill in that kind of description for each of those, and talk about a group of files together.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00333-00176080-00176584": "Maybe we should just link directly to the existing documentation. You can do both.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00334-00176768-00177064": "But when you do these things, you need to refer to things on the outside,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00335-00177064-00177672": "things that are not captured, things that are not files, or at least not files within your package.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00336-00177672-00178264": "Those are Contextual Entities, things in the world you can think of it like, and they could be living", "3quQHEJKNOu-00337-00178264-00178912": "things, like people, or organisations, or could be software. Particularly here we want to say that we", "3quQHEJKNOu-00338-00178912-00179448": "use this particular Nextflow version to run it. The workflow itself is also a piece of software.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00339-00179544-00180048": "And the Nextflow example here is interesting, because the workflow definition itself is also", "3quQHEJKNOu-00340-00180048-00180784": "downloaded on demand, which means we need to capture which version was it downloading.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00341-00180840-00181400": "Both in BCO and in RO-Crate we have slots for that, but in RO-Crate you are allowed to add", "3quQHEJKNOu-00342-00181400-00181920": "additional things, because you have a whole object for that software. You can fill in", "3quQHEJKNOu-00343-00182016-00182344": "who was published by, for instance, or what date was it from. So you can", "3quQHEJKNOu-00344-00182416-00182736": "fill in as much as you want, or as little as you as you decide.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00345-00182960-00183448": "You can explore further. So in a sense, you can think of our tutorial as a kind of metaguide,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00346-00183448-00183848": "because we're just saying, what you could look up for in the documentation.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00347-00183904-00184448": "And maybe it's sufficient to just build on the examples we have. But you can go further in when", "3quQHEJKNOu-00348-00184512-00185088": "manual special mode when there's something extra you want to do by publishers of funding equipment,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00349-00185088-00185864": "and so on. Finally, the tutorial is showing how do we package data up? How do we actually put things", "3quQHEJKNOu-00350-00185864-00186456": "together? We draw this lovely box, what does it actually mean? Is the zip file doesn't have to be", "3quQHEJKNOu-00351-00186456-00186912": "I think, often we don't want zip file. And maybe we just have a collection of files.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00352-00186912-00187256": "But there is a big problem of how do you know even all the files are there?", "3quQHEJKNOu-00353-00187256-00188000": "Did I copy them over correctly? Did I mess them up in my editor will happen, right? So when these", "3quQHEJKNOu-00354-00188000-00188592": "things are moving around systems, especially when they're not in a git repository, something that", "3quQHEJKNOu-00355-00188712-00189240": "you need some way to make sure they are complete or not change. And, again, we'll be using existing", "3quQHEJKNOu-00356-00189240-00189744": "standards, have you seen baggot, which is a way of just capturing checksums of files.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00357-00189800-00190400": "And here you go a manifest. So the manifest file for a particular checksum, we just have checksum,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00358-00190456-00190872": "some hex numbers and a file name. So you can see that all the files are there and", "3quQHEJKNOu-00359-00190872-00191296": "that they haven't changed under existing tools they can make and check these things for you.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00360-00191296-00191816": "So then you know what the fonts are complete. You can think of this as a kind of distribution layer.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00361-00191880-00192272": "And in fact, there is also a mechanism in bagit to have", "3quQHEJKNOu-00362-00192272-00192744": "they call holy Vax that has holes in the back where you don't include all the files. So you", "3quQHEJKNOu-00363-00192744-00193400": "can exclude certain files, maybe because they're big or requires authentication. And something", "3quQHEJKNOu-00364-00193400-00193896": "B can read about in a big data bag paper linked in the bottom there. And we have", "3quQHEJKNOu-00365-00193896-00194424": "not explored this yet with with the bcos. But if of course it should work with Ms file. The", "3quQHEJKNOu-00366-00194424-00195176": "question then is how do you archive certain data out before you publish your shrunk bog Indian.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00367-00195344-00195624": "But to determine show you how to get started with it is", "3quQHEJKNOu-00368-00195752-00196656": "as an easy way without necessarily using all these tools. Now, when you have this hour crate,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00369-00196720-00197176": "as I said, we also want to keep the human in the loop. So we're showing you how to make this", "3quQHEJKNOu-00370-00197304-00198088": "human readable version of the hour create metadata. And this is the same assertion before", "3quQHEJKNOu-00371-00198224-00198760": "but once you follow the tutorial, you will also be able to make up. So we're talking", "3quQHEJKNOu-00372-00198760-00199248": "about separation of concern, because we have all these different standards. We're putting", "3quQHEJKNOu-00373-00199248-00199840": "together just three of them really. But at first, it seems like that is complicating the picture.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00374-00199976-00200360": "By counter just do it all in one go. Well, one reason is so we can reuse", "3quQHEJKNOu-00375-00200360-00201056": "existing tools. As I said, each of them have a good collection of tools. The other is", "3quQHEJKNOu-00376-00201056-00201776": "that it's already been figured out why not just use the existing way of doing it. So for instance,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00377-00201776-00202224": "Baggett is capturing only the check sums of two files, which is really good at", "3quQHEJKNOu-00378-00202320-00202872": "we don't want to reinvent, could in theory, put metadata in there, but it's just a key", "3quQHEJKNOu-00379-00202872-00203352": "value pairs are they're kind of very loose. So it's not really suitable for much", "3quQHEJKNOu-00380-00203432-00203776": "structured data like we're trying to do here. Our credit", "3quQHEJKNOu-00381-00203872-00204536": "level is kind of describing an individual data files and outer things in the world, as I said,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00382-00204536-00205064": "relating them and typing them. So it's putting connections between things.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00383-00205200-00205728": "It's not explaining the inside of things that's developed by computer data leads for workflows.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00384-00205728-00206344": "So you can say what is the workflow for what does it consist of. And then of course,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00385-00206344-00206880": "you have the data itself, which we also include, and the workflow itself,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00386-00206880-00207536": "which could be by reference, it could be as a file inside or could be as a URL, some use in this", "3quQHEJKNOu-00387-00207536-00207888": "case. And of course, you can do this for any on any kind of workflow system.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00388-00207888-00208360": "We just use next flow because of the documentation we had there. Personally,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00389-00208360-00208919": "I've worked more of it cedarvale galaxian, Jupyter notebooks, you're going to find all kinds of", "3quQHEJKNOu-00390-00208919-00209632": "workflows coming in to your bio computer objects. And some of you think of this layering hear us", "3quQHEJKNOu-00391-00209728-00210367": "doing different aspects of putting things together. So what is the next steps?", "3quQHEJKNOu-00392-00210367-00211016": "Now, in the VCO, our crate? Well, we want to get more feedback, right? Because now we just kind of", "3quQHEJKNOu-00393-00211016-00211552": "come up with this thing and put it together, we want to test this to make sure it makes", "3quQHEJKNOu-00394-00211552-00212352": "sense. And, and try to also do this with not so ideal workflow model is not so well documented,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00395-00212408-00213023": "where the bco and RL crate will be the hadoo, the heavy lifting of carrying all that description.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00396-00213104-00213736": "And maybe then you can generate the human readable views from this this tension between how much", "3quQHEJKNOu-00397-00213736-00214256": "can you collect as annotations manually from people? How much can you generate automatically,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00398-00214256-00214840": "for instance, a good workflow system will know what are the list of steps in it? How", "3quQHEJKNOu-00399-00214840-00215384": "do you get that extracted out and get it into the VCO? Do you have to do individual", "3quQHEJKNOu-00400-00215384-00215864": "parcels for each workflow system like we don't remember for hub was to a better", "3quQHEJKNOu-00401-00216032-00216440": "right. We're also looking at interactive approaches. Like now we", "3quQHEJKNOu-00402-00216440-00217000": "This tutorial is very based for this kind of targeting developers, right so very all kind", "3quQHEJKNOu-00403-00217000-00217719": "of a bit in the command line a bit in the Jason, that kind of thing. I said that the other people", "3quQHEJKNOu-00404-00217719-00218223": "are not so familiar with that. And that's not really a good way to throw people into making", "3quQHEJKNOu-00405-00218223-00218808": "this as good way to scare them off, actually. So we have all these desktop tools that we talked", "3quQHEJKNOu-00406-00218808-00219423": "about the by computer guys also have VCR editors which you can use interactively for making vcos.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00407-00219519-00220152": "So not at those tools have matured at the same time, it will be good to do a graphical version", "3quQHEJKNOu-00408-00220152-00220696": "of this kind of tutorial, and also about how to consume that which I think is more important", "3quQHEJKNOu-00409-00220760-00221264": "for the regulators because you want to we'll just be receiving these are created with bcos", "3quQHEJKNOu-00410-00221264-00221632": "inside them. And I think what do I do now, you know, don't necessarily want to make a", "3quQHEJKNOu-00411-00221632-00222264": "new one. You want to consume the one your hair. So you could focus more about how to browse them.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00412-00222264-00222871": "Maybe if there was no human readable, equivalent, how to vent about using these tools, like calcite", "3quQHEJKNOu-00413-00223016-00223400": "was looking at Project integrations. I talked about workflow hub.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00414-00223400-00223960": "And it doesn't have any bco support at the moment. But if there was, we could pick up all", "3quQHEJKNOu-00415-00223960-00224504": "those lovely things we want to run there. Right? Of course, me being at 114 both times I can help a", "3quQHEJKNOu-00416-00224567-00225088": "dog. We also work closely with the Commonwealth for language and again come over for languished.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00417-00225088-00225519": "One reason why I did not use start in this example is because it already has", "3quQHEJKNOu-00418-00225519-00226008": "lots of good hooks for metadata is the odd one out right. So in a sense, again,", "3quQHEJKNOu-00419-00226008-00226496": "that almost does not need PCR, almost no need are required for most workflows are", "3quQHEJKNOu-00420-00226496-00226984": "not like that, right. And even if the hoops are there, people don't fill it in. Right.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00421-00227104-00227704": "Similarly with galaxy and we know we already have worked with making vcos from galaxy that is kind", "3quQHEJKNOu-00422-00227704-00228319": "of standalone at the moment is kind of web based so that the VCO is kind of trapped on a web and", "3quQHEJKNOu-00423-00228319-00228816": "which is nice as for link data, but it's a bit fluctuate, you cannot just fetch the whole thing.", "3quQHEJKNOu-00424-00228816-00229264": "So there's another evolve our recruiting there to to package up all the results", "3quQHEJKNOu-00425-00229264-00229864": "of your Galaxy workflow with the BCI wondercide and our create descriptions", "3quQHEJKNOu-00426-00229864-00230640": "generated from within galaxy and then you would need to complete a few things to make it fulfil", "3quQHEJKNOu-00427-00230640-00231544": "their purpose. So that completes my talk about bcl our crate and would like to thank you all"}}, {"audio_id": "3qvI607AFuk", "text": {"3qvI607AFuk-00000-00000071-00000525": "I'm sitting here in front of the federal court building waiting to go in for jury duty.", "3qvI607AFuk-00001-00000525-00000939": "I thought I might as well save some time and create a homework video.", "3qvI607AFuk-00002-00000939-00001356": "So, let's solve this formula for A.  B equals the square root of 5 divided by CA.", "3qvI607AFuk-00003-00001356-00001823": "So, we start off writing the original formula.", "3qvI607AFuk-00005-00002572-00002915": "Now, I need to get A out from underneath the radical.", "3qvI607AFuk-00006-00002915-00003615": "Let's square both sides of  the equation.", "3qvI607AFuk-00007-00004334-00004710": "So we'll have B-square equals the square root squared of 5 over CA.", "3qvI607AFuk-00008-00004710-00005039": "Thus, B-square equals 5 over CA.", "3qvI607AFuk-00009-00005039-00005515": "I'm now going to multiply both sides of the equation by A", "3qvI607AFuk-00010-00005515-00005905": "in order to cancel the A out", "3qvI607AFuk-00011-00005905-00006216": "from the denominator of the fraction.", "3qvI607AFuk-00012-00006216-00006870": "If it's in the denominator, it's doing me no good at all since I need to get \"A=\", not \"B=\".", "3qvI607AFuk-00014-00006944-00007131": "So, here I go. I am multiplying both sides of the equation by A.", "3qvI607AFuk-00016-00007566-00007878": "The A's cancel out on the right side of the equation.", "3qvI607AFuk-00017-00007878-00008338": "And now I have AB-square equals 5 over C.", "3qvI607AFuk-00019-00009334-00009688": "That is my phone ringing.", "3qvI607AFuk-00020-00009688-00010184": "OK, now", "3qvI607AFuk-00021-00010184-00010645": "All that's left for me to do to solve for A is", "3qvI607AFuk-00022-00010645-00011134": "to divide both sides of the equation by B-square.", "3qvI607AFuk-00023-00011134-00011658": "I'll divide the left side by B-square while I multiply the right side by 1 over B-square,", "3qvI607AFuk-00024-00011658-00012103": "which is exactly the same thing as dividing by B-square", "3qvI607AFuk-00025-00012103-00012536": "leaving me with \"A=\" which is the goal", "3qvI607AFuk-00026-00012536-00012859": "of the problem.  A = 5 over C time", "3qvI607AFuk-00027-00012859-00013362": "B-square. Okay.", "3qvI607AFuk-00028-00013362-00013796": "Actually, that is not entirely correct.", "3qvI607AFuk-00029-00013796-00014129": "We always try to write letters in alphabetical order.", "3qvI607AFuk-00030-00014129-00014479": "A =", "3qvI607AFuk-00031-00014479-00014825": "A =", "3qvI607AFuk-00032-00014825-00015179": "5 over B-square times C.", "3qvI607AFuk-00033-00015179-00015575": "B-square times C", "3qvI607AFuk-00034-00015575-00016049": "OK. Let's go on.", "3qvI607AFuk-00035-00016049-00016430": "Here we have the formula fraction (1 over A) equals fraction (1 over s) plus fraction (1 over z).", "3qvI607AFuk-00036-00016430-00016516": "And we are supposed to solve for z.", "3qvI607AFuk-00037-00016516-00016857": "So this is", "3qvI607AFuk-00038-00016857-00017384": "a rational equation.  What I'm going to do is multiply both sides of the equation by the", "3qvI607AFuk-00039-00017384-00017749": "LCD, that is, the number that will cancel out", "3qvI607AFuk-00040-00017749-00018176": "the A and the s and the z, and I need one number that will do all those 3 things.", "3qvI607AFuk-00041-00018176-00018624": "What number will do that?  Asz.", "3qvI607AFuk-00042-00018624-00018955": "So my LCD is \"Asz\".", "3qvI607AFuk-00043-00018955-00019290": "My LCD", "3qvI607AFuk-00044-00019290-00019626": "is going to be \"Asz\".", "3qvI607AFuk-00045-00019626-00019946": "Asz.", "3qvI607AFuk-00046-00019946-00020492": "So here we go. I have the basic equation", "3qvI607AFuk-00047-00020492-00020860": "fraction (1 over A) equals", "3qvI607AFuk-00048-00020860-00021250": "fraction (1 over s)", "3qvI607AFuk-00049-00021250-00021558": "plus fraction (1 over z).", "3qvI607AFuk-00050-00021558-00022123": "Okay.  I'm going to multiply both sides of the equation by Asz.", "3qvI607AFuk-00051-00022123-00022431": "First, I will multiply Asz", "3qvI607AFuk-00052-00022431-00022748": "times fraction (1 over a).", "3qvI607AFuk-00053-00022748-00023159": "Since (1 over a) is a fraction, let's make", "3qvI607AFuk-00054-00023159-00023568": "Asz a fraction by putting it over 1: fraction (Asz over 1).", "3qvI607AFuk-00055-00023568-00023931": "The right side is going to equal Asz", "3qvI607AFuk-00056-00023931-00024278": "times", "3qvI607AFuk-00057-00024278-00024616": "grouped fractions [(1 over s) plus", "3qvI607AFuk-00058-00024616-00025064": "(1 over z)].", "3qvI607AFuk-00059-00025064-00025384": "Now, what I need to do is distribute Asz", "3qvI607AFuk-00060-00025384-00025829": "to 1/s and 1/z", "3qvI607AFuk-00061-00025829-00026263": "so that I have", "3qvI607AFuk-00062-00026263-00026772": "Asz/1 times", "3qvI607AFuk-00063-00026772-00027270": "1/a equals", "3qvI607AFuk-00064-00027270-00027594": "Asz/1", "3qvI607AFuk-00066-00027952-00028389": "times 1/s", "3qvI607AFuk-00067-00028389-00028742": "plus", "3qvI607AFuk-00068-00028742-00029070": "Asz/1", "3qvI607AFuk-00069-00029070-00029594": "times 1/z.", "3qvI607AFuk-00070-00029594-00030010": "Now, why did I do this?  I'll show you.", "3qvI607AFuk-00071-00030010-00030368": "A on the left is going to cancel", "3qvI607AFuk-00072-00030368-00030676": "The other A on the left.", "3qvI607AFuk-00073-00030676-00031314": "s on the right is going to cancel s on the right.", "3qvI607AFuk-00074-00031314-00031698": "z on the right is going to cancel z on the right.", "3qvI607AFuk-00075-00031698-00032013": "So what we're going to have is after all this cancelling is", "3qvI607AFuk-00076-00032013-00032338": "sz equals", "3qvI607AFuk-00077-00032338-00032680": "Az", "3qvI607AFuk-00078-00032680-00032980": "plus As.", "3qvI607AFuk-00079-00032980-00033304": "and since we're solving for z -", "3qvI607AFuk-00080-00033304-00033727": "alright this is what I have now - I have a  z-term on the left", "3qvI607AFuk-00081-00033727-00034198": "and I have a z-term on the right.  I need to get them together", "3qvI607AFuk-00082-00034198-00034625": "so I'm going to subtract Az", "3qvI607AFuk-00083-00034625-00035004": "from both sides of the equation because remember we have to solve for z.", "3qvI607AFuk-00085-00035594-00035931": "that zeros out the Az over here on the right side.", "3qvI607AFuk-00086-00035931-00036316": "leaving me with an As.", "3qvI607AFuk-00087-00036316-00036665": "Over here on the left I'm going to have", "3qvI607AFuk-00088-00036665-00037008": "sz minus", "3qvI607AFuk-00089-00037008-00037469": "Az.", "3qvI607AFuk-00090-00037469-00037784": "Now, on the left I pull out a z as a common factor", "3qvI607AFuk-00091-00037784-00038112": "s minus A", "3qvI607AFuk-00093-00038459-00038790": "time z", "3qvI607AFuk-00094-00038790-00039096": "equals As", "3qvI607AFuk-00096-00039463-00039768": "Then", "3qvI607AFuk-00097-00039768-00040468": "I divide both sides of the equation by (s-A).", "3qvI607AFuk-00098-00040788-00041207": "So the (s-A)'s cancel out on the left leaving me with", "3qvI607AFuk-00099-00041207-00041559": "z equals", "3qvI607AFuk-00100-00041559-00041913": "fraction [As over (s-A)].", "3qvI607AFuk-00102-00042238-00042640": "Hurrah!", "3qvI607AFuk-00103-00042640-00043060": "I'll talk to you later."}}, {"audio_id": "3qwks9_EYGg", "text": {"3qwks9_EYGg-00000-00000043-00000351": "Hello Northern Territory, my name is Lisa Wilkinson", "3qwks9_EYGg-00001-00000351-00000784": "and I'm absolutely thrilled to say that I'm going to be one of the keynote speakers", "3qwks9_EYGg-00002-00000784-00001284": "at the OBM 2018 gathering on the 2nd of October.", "3qwks9_EYGg-00003-00001284-00001610": "I'll be speaking in Alice Springs and Darwin.", "3qwks9_EYGg-00004-00001610-00001904": "I'll be talking about my careers and behind-the-scenes stories", "3qwks9_EYGg-00005-00001948-00002348": "and how like many of you I have", "3qwks9_EYGg-00006-00002350-00003006": "Juggled things along the way, I've got three kids and a very very busy career in a fairly", "3qwks9_EYGg-00007-00003006-00003572": "male-dominated industry so I've got lots of stories to share and I really hope that you can come along."}}, {"audio_id": "3rdRm0k4gTE", "text": {"3rdRm0k4gTE-00000-00000238-00000584": "♪ Malo, malo malo še ♪", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00001-00000612-00000924": "♪ Malo, malo moja le. ♪", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00002-00000944-00001224": "♪ Pusti, da povedal bi ♪", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00003-00001240-00001552": "♪ vse, kar si srce želi. ♪", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00004-00001570-00001620": "♪ Malo-", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00005-00001620-00001728": "Wait, hold on a second. What?", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00006-00001920-00002376": "Translation: City buses will drive according to Saturday schedule starting from 5/11.", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00007-00002436-00002518": "(Silence)", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00008-00002538-00002588": "HUH?", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00009-00003524-00003770": "(Sounds of death)", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00010-00003879-00003929": "(oOf)", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00011-00003965-00004058": "I don't know...", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00012-00004058-00004262": "I don't know what to say, I don't know what to say.", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00013-00004534-00004616": "I dunno...", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00014-00004722-00004822": "Whaaaa...", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00015-00004926-00004990": "(bReAtH)", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00016-00005240-00005330": "(breath again)", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00017-00005336-00005486": "Uhh, I wanna shout.", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00018-00005494-00005558": "But uh...", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00019-00005648-00005720": "Yeah, just", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00020-00005728-00006020": "*insert stock screaming here*", "3rdRm0k4gTE-00021-00006346-00006396": "."}}, {"audio_id": "3rK7grLW5cg", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "3rbEVRqbZ5o", "text": {"3rbEVRqbZ5o-00000-00000000-00000200": "Me eating"}}, {"audio_id": "3swBKbsxnn0", "text": {"3swBKbsxnn0-00000-00000908-00001068": "Project Based Learning", "3swBKbsxnn0-00001-00001068-00001194": "or PBL", "3swBKbsxnn0-00002-00001218-00002346": "is a teaching method in which students gain knowledge and skills by working for an extended period of time to investigate and respond to an authentic, engaging and complex question, problem, or challenge", "3swBKbsxnn0-00003-00002394-00002944": "Essentially, PBL gives a specific order of steps to successfully execute a process.", "3swBKbsxnn0-00004-00002966-00003190": "Think of PBL in the following use.", "3swBKbsxnn0-00005-00003190-00003760": "Many courses culminate the learning outcomes with a signature assignment consisting of many different steps.", "3swBKbsxnn0-00006-00003760-00004338": "Assigning the signature assignment is most effectively executed when other milestones", "3swBKbsxnn0-00007-00004338-00004540": "or formative assignments accompany it.", "3swBKbsxnn0-00008-00004564-00004644": "For example,", "3swBKbsxnn0-00009-00004644-00005226": "if a student is to assume a defined role and provide an analysis and recommendation of a given scenario,", "3swBKbsxnn0-00010-00005226-00005698": "the assignment could be broken down into several milestones that lead up to the final assignment.", "3swBKbsxnn0-00011-00005698-00006140": "One milestone could focus on analyzing and identifying current issues and shortcomings", "3swBKbsxnn0-00012-00006140-00006652": "and another could ask them to research current trends and apply them to a recommendation.", "3swBKbsxnn0-00013-00006652-00007078": "Under this example, a practical PBL approach could consist of these steps:", "3swBKbsxnn0-00014-00007118-00007245": "1. Explore an issue", "3swBKbsxnn0-00015-00007304-00007528": "2. Identify what is already known", "3swBKbsxnn0-00016-00007578-00007759": "3. Define the issues", "3swBKbsxnn0-00017-00007784-00008070": "4. Research examples and application", "3swBKbsxnn0-00018-00008086-00008284": "5. Investigate solutions", "3swBKbsxnn0-00019-00008298-00008598": "6. Develop and organize your solution", "3swBKbsxnn0-00020-00008628-00008928": "and 7. Review your results and process", "3swBKbsxnn0-00021-00008954-00009270": "PBL can be applied to practically any assignment,", "3swBKbsxnn0-00022-00009270-00009800": "the challenge is finding a way to integrate the learning outcomes and leverage the tools in the learning process.", "3swBKbsxnn0-00023-00009800-00010106": "Try not to think of it as a series of research papers,", "3swBKbsxnn0-00024-00010106-00010396": "make it fun and infuse other tools like discussions,", "3swBKbsxnn0-00025-00010416-00010576": "Web 2.0 options,", "3swBKbsxnn0-00026-00010576-00010866": "or really challenge students with a collaborative event.", "3swBKbsxnn0-00027-00010866-00010990": "Most importantly,", "3swBKbsxnn0-00028-00010990-00011276": "make sure you build in a reflection of the entire process", "3swBKbsxnn0-00029-00011276-00011628": "allowing students an opportunity to reflect on their individual process", "3swBKbsxnn0-00030-00011628-00012050": "and evaluate their performance and plan for improvements for the next opportunity", "3swBKbsxnn0-00031-00012050-00012224": "using problem based learning."}}, {"audio_id": "3sDZsyXn5yE", "text": {"3sDZsyXn5yE-00000-00000005-00000591": "Why do American warriors under fire do what men have done since this nation's", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00001-00000591-00001134": "inception? This is a common thread that connects the militias of Lexington and", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00002-00001134-00001830": "Concord with the Warriors of Fallujah. It is our love of nation, our way of life,", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00003-00001830-00002739": "and our love by those who we serve with side by side. We defend.  We avenge.", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00004-00002739-00003396": "We sacrifice. We bleed, and we are willing to die for this unique creation the United", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00005-00003396-00003932": "States of America. I am complete for having experienced that kind of", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00006-00003932-00004674": "sacrifice with my fellow men at arms, and those who died, they gave their lives for me.", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00007-00004674-00005078": "They gave their lives for you, and countless citizens who will never know them.", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00008-00005078-00005678": "We broke the will of our adversaries. The enemy was defeated and", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00009-00005678-00006192": "because of that we came home. For the infantryman in combat there is nobility", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00010-00006192-00006623": "and purpose in our lives and that is unique, but we don't see ourselves as a", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00011-00006623-00007247": "people apart. We are America's warrior class. We are citizens of the United", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00012-00007247-00007823": "States, and treasure this land more than any overseas posting. The army provided", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00013-00007823-00008225": "me with purpose and appreciation for the blessing America has bestowed upon us all.", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00014-00008225-00008793": "I'm forever grateful to the United States Army for making me able to count", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00015-00008793-00009234": "and cherish those blessings in a way that is unique to most and to those who", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00016-00009234-00009756": "wear the uniform. I think the uniform, I think my army has", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00017-00009756-00010575": "made us all better men, fathers, employees, husbands, and citizens. The best leaders", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00018-00010575-00011145": "in battle become that way by being loyal, and dutiful. We execute the lawful intent", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00019-00011145-00011727": "of our government. There is no political affiliation on our dog tags. We continue", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00020-00011727-00012164": "the warrior legacy of the United States without regard for adulation or", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00021-00012164-00012768": "unanimous approval either. My unit's leaders died leading men from the front.", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00022-00012768-00013259": "It is our duty to tell the story of our brave men and women who sacrifice so", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00023-00013259-00013603": "much for our fellow citizens. We fight so our children ever have", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00024-00013603-00014094": "to. We fight for one day when our children and our enemies children can discuss", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00025-00014094-00014532": "their differences without fear or loathing. We fight so that anyone out", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00026-00014532-00014982": "there thinking about raising arms against our citizens or allies realize", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00027-00014982-00015484": "the futility of attrition against a disciplined, professional, and lethal force", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00028-00015484-00016065": "built to a stand anything you can dream of throwing at us. Americans want this", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00029-00016065-00016701": "kind of country. Americans want this kind of world. And we stand ready to defend it.", "3sDZsyXn5yE-00030-00016702-00017046": "To protect us. So help us God."}}, {"audio_id": "3sEogpp7kzc", "text": {"3sEogpp7kzc-00000-00000040-00000560": "guys, we had to stop the promotion on our latest video. this is because of the new policy that i", "3sEogpp7kzc-00001-00000560-00001104": "have just added, and this means the promotion stops if it gets below 5 views per hour after", "3sEogpp7kzc-00002-00001104-00001800": "24 hours of the promotion starting. i'll also not allow any more links to remain after", "3sEogpp7kzc-00003-00001800-00002464": "10 minutes once the deleting links have started, plus, after this, a fresh new promotion gets started", "3sEogpp7kzc-00004-00002464-00003080": "with the same length getting added, and i also try to get as many extra views after that as i can.", "3sEogpp7kzc-00005-00003144-00003520": "so that means it will start another two day promotion again."}}, {"audio_id": "3scg1zBqlbg", "text": {"3scg1zBqlbg-00000-00000575-00000824": "Welcome to Spotlight.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00001-00000824-00001186": "I’m Luke Haley.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00002-00001186-00001454": "And I’m Liz Waid.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00003-00001454-00002070": "Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00004-00002070-00002854": "It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00005-00003572-00004384": "If you walk outside in the middle of the night what do you see in the sky?", "3scg1zBqlbg-00006-00004385-00004742": "You probably see stars.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00007-00004742-00005446": "If you live in the country, you can see many stars.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00008-00005446-00006173": "But if you live in a city, you may notice only a few.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00009-00006173-00006579": "This difference is important.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00010-00006579-00007714": "What happened to all the stars?", "3scg1zBqlbg-00011-00007714-00008119": "The stars are still in the sky.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00012-00008119-00008736": "But people cannot see them because of light pollution.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00013-00008736-00009453": "Too much light can make it difficult to see the night sky.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00014-00009453-00010057": "But light pollution affects more than just the night sky.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00015-00010057-00010513": "It affects all life on earth.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00016-00010513-00011282": "Some scientists warn that light pollution damages people and animals.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00017-00011282-00011806": "These scientists are working to save the night sky.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00018-00011806-00013253": "Today’s Spotlight is on light pollution and the disappearing night sky.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00019-00013253-00013894": "Thousands of years ago, it was common to see many stars in the sky.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00020-00013894-00014628": "That was because there were no lamps or electric lights.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00021-00014628-00015094": "People who wanted light needed to build a fire.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00022-00015094-00015844": "However, this changed with the invention of electricity.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00023-00015844-00016562": "More and more people could buy electric, or artificial, lights.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00024-00016562-00017364": "They could put the artificial lights in their houses, businesses and streets.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00025-00017364-00018012": "Bob Parks works for the International Dark-Sky Association.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00026-00018012-00018788": "This organization works to keep and protect the night time environment.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00027-00018788-00019125": "He told the Diane Rehm Show:", "3scg1zBqlbg-00028-00019125-00020068": "“Over the past 50 years the population has moved closer to cities.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00029-00020068-00020556": "Cities have gone brighter, using more lights.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00030-00020556-00021578": "And that means that most people growing up today will never see beautiful groups of stars.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00031-00021578-00022118": "They will never see a natural night sky.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00032-00022118-00022613": "They will never be inspired by it.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00033-00022613-00022973": "And we think that is very tragic.”", "3scg1zBqlbg-00034-00022973-00024534": "Today, people are surrounded by light - even at night time.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00035-00024534-00024990": "Much of this light is not necessary.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00036-00024990-00025868": "Or the light travels where it should not be - it creates light pollution.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00037-00025868-00026812": "Light pollution is any artificial light that goes where it is not supposed to be.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00038-00026812-00027625": "For example, a person can put a light on the outside of his house.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00039-00027625-00028025": "It shines on his own house.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00040-00028025-00028345": "But the light could be too strong.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00041-00028345-00028926": "It may also shine on his neighbor’s house.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00042-00028926-00029749": "The extra light shining on the neighbor’s house is one kind of light pollution.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00043-00029749-00030310": "Other light pollution can come from cities.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00044-00030310-00030962": "Have you ever travelled to a big city at night?", "3scg1zBqlbg-00045-00030962-00031602": "You may have noticed that the big city looks like it is glowing.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00046-00031602-00032282": "It has a low, soft, light all around it.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00047-00032282-00033313": "Pictures from space show the soft lights of cities from all over the world.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00048-00033313-00034177": "But is all this light really a big problem?", "3scg1zBqlbg-00049-00034177-00034514": "People need light to see.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00050-00034514-00035519": "They need light to work and drive safely at night, and for many other things!", "3scg1zBqlbg-00051-00035519-00036453": "But scientists say that this extra light has proven effects on living creatures - animals", "3scg1zBqlbg-00052-00036453-00036944": "and humans.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00053-00036944-00037569": "One animal affected by light pollution is the sea turtle.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00054-00037569-00038264": "Pregnant sea turtles always lay their eggs on a dark beach.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00055-00038264-00038930": "The beach is near the water, but covered in sand.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00056-00038930-00039604": "The turtle digs a hole in the sand and lays her eggs.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00057-00039604-00040297": "When the baby sea turtles are born, they climb out of their eggs.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00058-00040297-00041381": "Bob Parks describes how these baby sea turtles, or hatchlings, are affected by light pollution.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00059-00041381-00042286": "“For thousands of years, sea turtle hatchlings, when they come out, have moved toward the", "3scg1zBqlbg-00060-00042286-00042725": "brightest light source in the sky.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00061-00042725-00043228": "That has been the stars over the water.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00062-00043228-00043796": "That gets them into the water safely when they hatch at night.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00063-00043796-00044606": "If you have lights from buildings behind the beach, when the hatchlings come out, they", "3scg1zBqlbg-00064-00044606-00045045": "are drawn to the brightest light source.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00065-00045045-00045617": "That is often a car parking lot or a road.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00066-00045617-00047030": "The hatchlings never make it back to the water.”", "3scg1zBqlbg-00067-00047030-00047724": "Today sea turtles are finding fewer and fewer dark beaches.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00068-00047724-00048435": "But people like Bob Parks work to fix this situation.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00069-00048435-00048786": "Parks works with the government.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00070-00048786-00049396": "This part of the government works to manage and protect animals.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00071-00049396-00050438": "Together, they redesign public lighting - like the lights in car parking lots and roads.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00072-00050438-00050874": "They use less intense lights.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00073-00050874-00051513": "Public lights are usually a blue color, similar to stars.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00074-00051513-00052196": "So instead they use a light that is a little different in color.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00075-00052196-00053702": "The hatchlings do not go toward the yellow, orange or red lights.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00076-00053702-00054299": "Birds experience problems because of light pollution too.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00077-00054299-00055095": "Many birds travel to a different area of the world to mate and lay eggs.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00078-00055095-00055437": "They often travel at night.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00079-00055437-00056154": "But lights from tall buildings can lead the birds off their natural path.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00080-00056154-00056802": "A bird may use all its energy flying the wrong way.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00081-00056802-00057482": "It may be too tired to continue its natural path.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00082-00057482-00057984": "Birds may also crash into brightly lighted buildings.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00083-00057984-00058879": "They may die.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00084-00058879-00059529": "Light pollution also has proven effects on humans.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00085-00059529-00059912": "Hormones are chemicals in people’s bodies.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00086-00059912-00060404": "They help the body to grow and develop.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00087-00060404-00060833": "Light influences these hormones.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00088-00060833-00061325": "One of these hormones is called melatonin.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00089-00061325-00061880": "Melatonin governs when people sleep and wake.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00090-00061880-00062244": "Light can suppress melatonin.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00091-00062244-00062858": "Yet many people go to bed with the lights on.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00092-00062858-00063176": "This suppresses melatonin.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00093-00063176-00063589": "These people do not sleep well.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00094-00063589-00064141": "Some people also work in the middle of the night.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00095-00064141-00064495": "They work in artificial light.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00096-00064495-00064929": "Then they sleep during the day.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00097-00064929-00066006": "Experts say that this also has bad effects on a person’s hormones - especially melatonin.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00098-00066006-00066717": "Some studies show that when people continually suppress their melatonin, they have higher", "3scg1zBqlbg-00099-00066717-00067123": "rates of health problems.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00100-00067123-00067606": "People can reduce these risks in simple ways.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00101-00067606-00068158": "First, do not go to bed with the light on.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00102-00068158-00069085": "And second, if you work in the middle of the night, try to work at similar times for a", "3scg1zBqlbg-00103-00069085-00069350": "few weeks.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00104-00069350-00069972": "Do not work some nights and some days.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00105-00069972-00070686": "Instead, form a pattern.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00106-00070686-00071002": "People and animals need light.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00107-00071002-00071479": "But they also need darkness.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00108-00071479-00072126": "There are simple ways to solve the problem of light pollution.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00109-00072126-00072846": "Experts say that people must first use light wisely.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00110-00072846-00073269": "Only use the amount of light that you need.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00111-00073269-00073923": "Do not think that more light is better light.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00112-00073923-00074831": "People also can greatly reduce light pollution by using well-designed lights.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00113-00074831-00075270": "These lights use particular colors.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00114-00075270-00075819": "They only shine light where it should be.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00115-00075819-00076925": "Using less light and better lighting methods reduces the energy people use.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00116-00076925-00077343": "What do you think about light pollution?", "3scg1zBqlbg-00117-00077343-00077746": "Have you experienced it yourself?", "3scg1zBqlbg-00118-00077746-00078357": "What do you see when you look into the night sky?", "3scg1zBqlbg-00119-00078357-00078719": "Tell us about it on our website at www.radioenglish.net.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00120-00078719-00079892": "The  writer of this program was Liz Waid.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00121-00079892-00080314": "The producer was Michio Ozaki.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00122-00080314-00081048": "The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00123-00081048-00081712": "All quotes were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00124-00081712-00082798": "You can find our programs on the internet at www.radioenglish.net.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00125-00082798-00083574": "This program is called, ‘The Disappearing Dark Night Sky’.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00126-00083574-00084088": "We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program.", "3scg1zBqlbg-00127-00084088-00084174": "Goodbye."}}]