[{"audio_id": "3XpAoncEPvk", "text": {"3XpAoncEPvk-00000-00000000-00000488": "working with Baphomet for money instant result my experience with Baphomet", "3XpAoncEPvk-00001-00000488-00000917": "started a few weeks ago I live in a major city in the United States and rent", "3XpAoncEPvk-00002-00000917-00001290": "is astronomical I live in a three-bedroom apartment close to a large", "3XpAoncEPvk-00003-00001290-00001703": "University the idea is to share the space with two roommates that would make", "3XpAoncEPvk-00004-00001703-00002127": "living expense more reasonable having said that I haven't had any luck with", "3XpAoncEPvk-00005-00002127-00002532": "finding a roommate for the last six months due to various circumstances I", "3XpAoncEPvk-00006-00002532-00002967": "can't move either I was burning through my savings and I was looking down the", "3XpAoncEPvk-00007-00002967-00003440": "barrel of using up all my money to explain my relationship with Baphomet it", "3XpAoncEPvk-00008-00003440-00003854": "is somewhat of a long winding story I can explain more in later post I just", "3XpAoncEPvk-00009-00003854-00004254": "feel a strong pull towards the entity earlier this month and it seems like he", "3XpAoncEPvk-00010-00004254-00004653": "was reaching out to me to be clear Baphomet is and not the same entity as", "3XpAoncEPvk-00011-00004653-00005012": "Satan or Lucifer I can tell you firsthand that it is a very different", "3XpAoncEPvk-00012-00005012-00005496": "energy Baphomet have a very warm comforting almost cuddly kind of energy", "3XpAoncEPvk-00013-00005496-00005978": "now I didn't sell my soul or even form a pact with Baphomet it was just a", "3XpAoncEPvk-00014-00005978-00006525": "friendly request I offered some dried fruits some dry cured ham almonds nuts", "3XpAoncEPvk-00015-00006525-00006942": "and some tiny potato a lot of coins I found on the street over the year a", "3XpAoncEPvk-00016-00006942-00007436": "large crystal burned some candle and incense no blood or life sacrifice a", "3XpAoncEPvk-00017-00007436-00007929": "bottle of water as well I presented the offerings as gift then place them into", "3XpAoncEPvk-00018-00007929-00008379": "an airtight jar and light a candle on top of the jar that's my way of blessing", "3XpAoncEPvk-00019-00008379-00008840": "and offering god I left the jar sitting at tea top of a bookshelf if you have", "3XpAoncEPvk-00020-00008840-00009213": "found a roommate before you know that best practice is to look for one at the", "3XpAoncEPvk-00021-00009213-00009588": "beginning of the month at the time I made the offering it was in the middle", "3XpAoncEPvk-00022-00009588-00010011": "of the month the earliest time I can expect a tenant would be next month but", "3XpAoncEPvk-00023-00010011-00010343": "I heard Baphomet tells me to put an ad out for a roommate ASAP", "3XpAoncEPvk-00024-00010343-00010725": "turns out the local university is running a summer program for one of its", "3XpAoncEPvk-00025-00010725-00011072": "professional schools and a lot of people were scrambling for a last-minute", "3XpAoncEPvk-00026-00011072-00011553": "accommodation best of all it's only a three week class but people are willing", "3XpAoncEPvk-00027-00011553-00011946": "pay for an entire month of rent that's over two thousand dollars right there I", "3XpAoncEPvk-00028-00011946-00012357": "wouldn't have had otherwise I also ran a web store selling books and other", "3XpAoncEPvk-00029-00012357-00012848": "intellectual property I create it's been flat for a few months I heard Baphomet", "3XpAoncEPvk-00030-00012848-00013220": "telling me to put together some minor work I dabbled before into a product I", "3XpAoncEPvk-00031-00013220-00013622": "did that and sold very well for the people who worked with demons", "3XpAoncEPvk-00032-00013622-00013919": "before you would have experienced some bumps in the road", "3XpAoncEPvk-00033-00013919-00014406": "it's just the way demons do their work before the to paying roommates I had a", "3XpAoncEPvk-00034-00014406-00014799": "few people who said they are interested and never heard back I also had someone", "3XpAoncEPvk-00035-00014799-00015201": "who promised they would be here but backed out the last minute also one of", "3XpAoncEPvk-00036-00015201-00015624": "my roommates air conditioning stopped working so I had by him another one with", "3XpAoncEPvk-00037-00015624-00016056": "money out of my pocket up until the last minute I wasn't sure if the deals would", "3XpAoncEPvk-00038-00016056-00016545": "be successful but things just happens to fall into the right place on my webstore", "3XpAoncEPvk-00039-00016545-00017022": "I had a few are a quest for refunds for unusual reason one person said he", "3XpAoncEPvk-00040-00017022-00017373": "clicked on the wrong store and the other said his teenager got ahold of his", "3XpAoncEPvk-00041-00017373-00017802": "credit card I needed to refund the money so I get into a chargeback situation", "3XpAoncEPvk-00042-00017802-00018222": "with my credit-card company it was frustrating the first few days I started", "3XpAoncEPvk-00043-00018222-00018486": "working with Baphomet but things seems to be moving along", "3XpAoncEPvk-00044-00018486-00018963": "smoothly after a while another note about bumps on the road I experienced a", "3XpAoncEPvk-00045-00018963-00019413": "very painful sprain on my right hand which never happened before it was so", "3XpAoncEPvk-00046-00019413-00019812": "painful I could barely sleep and it was a huge inconvenience not able to use my", "3XpAoncEPvk-00047-00019812-00020280": "right hand I don't know it's a residue energy from working with Baphomet I am", "3XpAoncEPvk-00048-00020280-00020643": "just listing all the works for documentary purpose I am very grateful", "3XpAoncEPvk-00049-00020643-00021141": "for my experience altogether I made about 5k of money I would otherwise not", "3XpAoncEPvk-00050-00021141-00021573": "have since working with Baphomet a few weeks ago overall I would recommend", "3XpAoncEPvk-00051-00021573-00022023": "working with Baphomet he is a warm gentle spirit who is willing to help he", "3XpAoncEPvk-00052-00022023-00022413": "appreciate the attention in the sense of importance in helping just like a human", "3XpAoncEPvk-00053-00022413-00022872": "would I have worked with other spirits before and in time I would like to share", "3XpAoncEPvk-00054-00022872-00023340": "those stories - looking online I just haven't found a lot of people who have", "3XpAoncEPvk-00055-00023340-00023801": "specifically worked with Baphomet do you have an experience with this entity one", "3XpAoncEPvk-00056-00023801-00024248": "last thing if you are a youtuber or have another blog and you enjoyed this story", "3XpAoncEPvk-00057-00024248-00024770": "which is 100% true please share it on your Channel Baphomet would appreciate", "3XpAoncEPvk-00058-00024770-00025194": "the shout out good things have tends to people who gain the favor of this", "3XpAoncEPvk-00059-00025194-00025484": "powerful spirit"}}, {"audio_id": "3Xqi0TBHqQy", "text": {"3Xqi0TBHqQy-00000-00000000-00000096": "subscribe now", "3Xqi0TBHqQy-00001-00000096-00000200": "ballroom dance", "3Xqi0TBHqQy-00002-00000200-00000320": "dancesport video", "3Xqi0TBHqQy-00003-00000320-00000370": "samba", "3Xqi0TBHqQy-00004-00000370-00000442": "show dance", "3Xqi0TBHqQy-00005-00000442-00000594": "francesco and sabrina", "3Xqi0TBHqQy-00006-00000594-00000722": "panache star video"}}, {"audio_id": "3XKrXFSwW9y", "text": {"3XKrXFSwW9y-00000-00000488-00000708": "Good morning.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00001-00000708-00001462": "My name is Christina Tessier and I am the President and CEO of Ingenium - Canada's Museums", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00002-00001463-00001623": "of Science and Innovation.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00003-00001623-00002152": "In a couple of minutes, I will be announcing this year’s five Ingenium-NSERC STEAM Horizon", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00004-00002152-00002252": "Award winners.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00005-00002252-00002705": "Then we’ll enjoy a panel discussion with the winners moderated by two of our past winners.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00006-00002705-00003105": "This will be followed by a short Q&A with the award sponsors.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00007-00003105-00003623": "This award ceremony is virtual this year, because of restrictions on travel and gatherings", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00008-00003623-00003889": "due to the coronavirus.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00009-00003889-00004418": "Ingenium runs the Canada Aviation and Space Museum, the Canada Agriculture and Food Museum,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00010-00004418-00004897": "and the Canada Science and Technology Museum all located in Ottawa.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00011-00004897-00005432": "All three museums have a strong online presence, both educational and entertaining, which we", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00012-00005432-00005964": "are leveraging to support Canadian families who are staying home and staying safe.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00013-00005964-00006282": "There is no doubt our world has hit a rough patch.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00014-00006282-00006795": "Scientists and researchers are working to understand and contain the Covid-19 virus", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00015-00006797-00007095": "and we hope to find a vaccine.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00016-00007095-00007661": "The five young people you will meet this morning excel in one or many of the STEAM fields – science,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00017-00007661-00008001": "technology, engineering, the arts, and mathematics.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00018-00008001-00008479": "They are just beginning their chosen paths to help build a better world and they are", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00019-00008479-00008747": "passionate about paying it forward.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00020-00008747-00009581": "Through their studies and work in STEAM, they will achieve results that will help us all.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00021-00009581-00010118": "Yes, we need Canadian youth to be enthusiastic about STEAM and to excel at it and we also", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00022-00010118-00010664": "need them and all of us to stay focused on building a world that is compassionate and", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00023-00010664-00010775": "inclusive.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00024-00010775-00011234": "Just like we have seen so many examples of Canadians helping and supporting other Canadians", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00025-00011234-00011610": "everywhere across the country since Covid-19 overtook our lives.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00026-00011610-00012304": "We hope that everyone, including you watching this today, will find their own way to pursue", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00027-00012304-00012877": "STEAM and give back in your own way.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00028-00012877-00013326": "Each Ingenium-NSERC STEAM Horizon Award winner receives twenty-five thousand dollars towards", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00029-00013326-00013709": "their post-secondary education in the STEAM fields.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00030-00013709-00014234": "The five award sponsors joining us today are NSERC which is the Natural Sciences and Engineering", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00031-00014234-00015079": "Research Council of Canada, Indspire, Lockheed Martin, Syncrude and the Ingenium Foundation.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00032-00015079-00015550": "We are very proud to work with these award sponsors because they are committed to supporting", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00033-00015550-00016054": "Canada’s next generation of STEAM innovators as they create a better world for generations", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00034-00016054-00016154": "to come.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00035-00016154-00016700": "Now, let’s meet this year’s Ingenium-NSERC STEAM Horizon Award winners.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00036-00016700-00017551": "They are Nicholas Flowers from Hopedale, Nunatsiavut Labrador, Sawsan Haider from Oakville, Ontario,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00037-00017551-00018520": "Angéline Lafleur from Ottawa, Ontario, Katiya Gareau-Jones from Sudbury, Ontario, and Anjalee", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00038-00018520-00018886": "Narenthiren from Toronto, Ontario.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00039-00018886-00019336": "Now let’s watch this short video to learn more about these accomplished young Canadians.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00040-00035214-00035812": "On behalf of our sponsors, and all of us at Ingenium, congratulations on receiving the", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00041-00035812-00036637": "2020 Ingenium-NSERC STEAM Horizon Award. You are an amazing group of young Canadians.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00042-00036637-00037160": "I now have the pleasure of introducing by video the Minister of Canadian Heritage the", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00043-00037160-00037518": "Honourable Steven Guilbeault.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00044-00037518-00038397": "Hello, today the STEAM Horizon Awards celebrate the inspiring achievements of five of Canada’s", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00045-00038397-00038497": "youth.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00046-00038497-00038970": "It’s a great honour for me to be part of it and to express my admiration for you all.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00047-00038970-00039570": "You are models of commitment and solidarity and you make me proud.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00048-00039570-00040155": "Nicholas, the work you do to promote Inuit culture and the sciences is incredibly valuable.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00049-00040155-00040884": "This cross control understanding of science will be important to a more sustainable future.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00050-00040884-00041490": "Sawsan, continue to use your problem solving skills to give back to your community.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00051-00041490-00041811": "Our society needs more engaged leaders like you.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00052-00041811-00042182": "Angéline, bravo for putting science at the service of mental health.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00053-00042182-00042694": "And keep proving that girls really have a place in science.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00054-00042694-00043226": "Katiya, your energy, passion and willingness to take up the challenge makes a huge contribution", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00055-00043226-00043944": "to the community, thanks to your structural engineering training.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00056-00043944-00044529": "Anjalee, your curiosity, creativity and love of learning will take you far.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00057-00044529-00044999": "Keep inspiring other young women to achieve new heights in technology.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00058-00044999-00045402": "Well done to you five and all the others who presented.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00059-00045402-00046118": "You are models and mentors who push us older people to do better.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00060-00046118-00046346": "Thank you very much.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00061-00046846-00047400": "Thank you to Minister Guilbeault for taking the time to send his inspiring messages to", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00062-00047401-00047557": "each of our winners.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00063-00047557-00048128": "Now, let’s learn more about this year’s Ingenium-NSERC STEAM Horizon Award winners.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00064-00048128-00048590": "Joining us for a conversation with them are two previous STEAM Horizon Award winners:", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00065-00048590-00049218": "Ella Chan in Victoria, British Columbia and Thomas Imbeault-Nepton in Saint-Honoré, Quebec.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00066-00049218-00049442": "Ella and Thomas, please go ahead.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00067-00049598-00049842": "Thank you Christina for the introduction.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00068-00049842-00050404": "Hello and welcome to all of you to our first virtual celebration of the STEAM Horizon Awards.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00069-00050404-00050864": "We are delighted to have you with us today for this wonderful celebration.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00070-00050864-00051265": "The majority of the conversation will be in English, but for those who wish, you can of", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00071-00051265-00051647": "course ask your questions in French.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00072-00051647-00052182": "Currently we are facing some unprecedented times, it is unfortunate that we cannot meet", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00073-00052182-00052591": "in person today to celebrate all of you, but on the other hand ,Thomas and I are really", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00074-00052591-00053036": "excited about Ingenium’s first virtual panel discussion and we hope you guys are as well.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00075-00053036-00053509": "We’re here today to celebrate you the 2020 STEAM Horizon Award winners.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00076-00053509-00053738": "Having been there before, Thomas and I certainly know how it feels.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00077-00053738-00054045": "You must be so excited and proud of yourselves.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00078-00054045-00054457": "So before we jump into our conversation, how are you guys holding up with the Covid-19", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00079-00054457-00054557": "crisis?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00080-00054557-00054729": "How do you pass your time and what have you been up to?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00081-00054729-00054875": "Let’s start with you Nicholas.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00082-00055052-00055154": "Good morning.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00083-00055154-00055516": "Over the past few months, I’ve mainly been keeping up with my online courses as a way", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00084-00055516-00055691": "to finish grade 12.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00085-00055691-00056066": "And along with this I’ve been working on various projects, one of which includes a", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00086-00056066-00056564": "virtual provincial science fair that I took part in and also I’ve moved on to the national-wide", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00087-00056564-00056858": "online science fair that led from it.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00088-00056858-00057252": "Also, I’ve been working on an archaeology report that I’ll be presenting to my community", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00089-00057252-00057390": "soon.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00090-00057516-00057904": "That sounds incredible. Angéline, how about you?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00091-00057904-00058364": "I mainly spend my time working on my schoolwork.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00092-00058364-00058820": "I really want to acknowledge the efforts of all the teachers to ensure that we continue", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00093-00058820-00059170": "to learn as if we were still in the classroom.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00094-00059170-00059641": "And I’ve also had time to work on two personal projects that mean a lot to me.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00095-00059641-00060552": "The first is continuing to work on my IT and networking certification, called CompTIA A+.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00096-00060552-00061405": "I took the first exam in February and now I am preparing to take the second exam when", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00097-00061405-00061716": "the confinement period is over.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00098-00061716-00062308": "And the second project I'm working on is a programming project to create a web application", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00099-00062308-00062862": "called PlanIt to help with mental health and reduce procrastination.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00100-00062862-00063467": "I'm working on my prototype created during the Technovation program and making it a reality", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00101-00063467-00063789": "using Google services.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00102-00063789-00064004": "You definitely sound like you’re keeping busy.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00103-00064004-00064266": "Sawsan, what about you what have you been up to?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00104-00064266-00064677": "I don’t think I’ve ever had this much free time before, so I’m focusing on learning", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00105-00064677-00064879": "as many new things as I can.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00106-00064879-00065288": "I tried playing the guitar, tried cooking, which proved to be way harder than I thought", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00107-00065288-00065736": "it would be. And I’m just using the time to read, and relax, and work on some cool projects.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00108-00065737-00066118": "One of the projects I started a couple of weeks ago is actually building a robot car", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00109-00066118-00066426": "controlled by my brain waves, so I’m really excited about that.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00110-00066562-00066904": "That sounds like an incredible project to be working on during this time.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00111-00066904-00067214": "Anjalee, what have you been up to?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00112-00067214-00069344": "*no sound in video from 11:14 – 11:32*", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00113-00069350-00069734": "Sorry I don’t think that we could quite hear Anjalee, but what about Katiya what have", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00114-00069734-00069956": "you been up to?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00115-00070040-00070502": "It’s been really difficult not to be able to see all my friends, but I’ve been working", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00116-00070502-00071055": "part-time at Home Hardware. I’ve been also busy with school work and painting again and", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00117-00071056-00071224": "reading more novels.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00118-00071422-00072006": "Thanks, Anjalee let’s see if we can hear you now what have you been up to?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00119-00072030-00072172": "Awesome.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00120-00072172-00072554": "So on top of keeping up with school work and all my AP exams I’ve also started working", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00121-00072555-00073143": "on a couple of projects to learn and take advantage of this extra free time that I have.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00122-00073143-00073677": "So one thing that I’ve started is a podcast called the 2020 Show, where I speak with leaders", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00123-00073677-00074085": "in various industries to try and figure out what the world past 2020 is going to look", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00124-00074085-00074185": "like.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00125-00074185-00074679": "So far I’ve spoken to CEO’s, founders, venture capitalists and I’m really excited", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00126-00074679-00075263": "to continue sharing my learnings and my conversations with other graduating students who are also", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00127-00075263-00075713": "confused about what do we do next during these really uncertain times.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00128-00075713-00075938": "I’ve also been reading a lot.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00129-00075938-00076420": "This morning I actually finished a book called the Code of Capital that focuses on the role", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00130-00076420-00076908": "of law in coding capital so it was a really really interesting book.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00131-00076908-00077308": "I’ve been reading a book a week, so it’s been a really good opportunity for growth", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00132-00077308-00077656": "and learning which I wouldn’t have had otherwise.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00133-00077656-00078030": "It sounds like you guys are all using this opportunity to improve your skills and also", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00134-00078030-00078216": "try new things, which I think is really amazing.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00135-00078216-00078686": "Personally, I’ve been taking some online courses, as well, as well as working on some", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00136-00078686-00078831": "new science outreach projects.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00137-00078831-00079049": "Thomas, what are you up to?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00138-00079049-00079529": "For me, it's very nice to be reunited with my family after several months away from home.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00139-00079529-00080000": "I spend most of my time on a research project I'm doing with a local university and also", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00140-00080000-00080315": "spending a lot of time with my family.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00141-00080315-00080722": "Can you guys share with us something fun and interesting about yourselves?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00142-00080722-00081090": "Something that the audience would not expect and which might surprise us?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00143-00081090-00081496": "For example, I’m a very athletic guy and have played soccer since the age of 4.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00144-00081496-00082072": "I think that sports bring balance in my life and took a really important place in my sciences.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00145-00082072-00082216": "How about you, Ella?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00146-00082216-00082614": "I’ve also been involved in sports, but not in the typical sense.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00147-00082614-00083066": "Over the past two years while I’ve been at UBC, I was part of the quidditch team just", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00148-00083066-00083572": "as a fun way to do an extra-curricular activity as well as balance it with my sciences.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00149-00083572-00083923": "How about you, Katiya?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00150-00083923-00084454": "I was a competitive figure skater for more than 13 years and accomplished many of my", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00151-00084454-00084746": "goals like passing my gold interpretive.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00152-00084746-00085478": "I’m also the youth ambassador in my region for the I Love First Peoples organization", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00153-00085478-00086096": "which helps provide educational supplies to First Nation youth who live in remote communities", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00154-00086096-00086196": "across Canada.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00155-00086342-00086464": "That sounds amazing.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00156-00086464-00086662": "Nicholas, what’s something we don’t know about you?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00157-00086804-00087346": "In the summer of 2021 I will be presenting at the World Link World Archaeology Congress", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00158-00087346-00087730": "with my friend who I’ve work with in archaeology in Hopedale over the past couple of years", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00159-00087731-00088061": "with. We’ll be presenting about the importance of Inuit self-identity.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00160-00088061-00088556": "And the World Archaeology Congress will be taking place in Prague, Czech Republic.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00161-00088756-00088996": "Those sound like some exciting travel plans for the future.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00162-00088996-00089246": "Anjalee, what have you been up to?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00163-00089376-00089836": "So I’m a massive nerd, well I don’t know if that’s new, but I’m a massive nerd.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00164-00089837-00090210": "So, I like to build a lot of things that solve random problems I have.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00165-00090210-00090651": "Last weekend I built a water-based alarm clock that dumps water on my head every morning", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00166-00090651-00091248": "at 6:00 am. My friends think I’m insane, but at least I can wake up now.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00167-00091248-00091452": "That’s definitely a different way to wake up.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00168-00091452-00091836": "Angéline, what’s something we may not know about you?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00169-00091854-00092728": "[Speaking Korean] So, I just said in Korean “Hello my name is Angeline and I'm learning", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00170-00092728-00092872": "Korean.”", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00171-00092872-00093392": "So, since 2017, I started to learn this language in a self-taught way at first. But then I", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00172-00093396-00093812": "joined a Korean language course accredited by my school board.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00173-00093812-00094172": "And it was a wonderful opportunity to learn more about the culture since it was the culture", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00174-00094172-00094656": "that originally got me interested in learning the language.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00175-00094656-00095150": "And I had the opportunity to do several projects, such as oral and written presentations in", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00176-00095150-00095808": "Korean, and to continue this project I planned to take a trip to South Korea this summer.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00177-00095808-00096336": "But, this unfortunately has to be delayed because of the Covid 19 situation.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00178-00096506-00096666": "That's awesome.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00179-00096666-00096972": "And Sawsan, what’s a fun fact about you that we don’t know?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00180-00097102-00097406": "So, I love adventure and I love anything in the outdoors.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00181-00097406-00097764": "In the winter of my tenth grade year, our school made us go on this winter camping trip", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00182-00097764-00098236": "and I actually ended up living in an igloo for four days. And weirdly enough, I loved it", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00183-00098236-00098666": "and ever since then I’ve been hooked on adventure and going outdoors.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00184-00098766-00099098": "Wow, you guys are really amazing.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00185-00099098-00099226": "So Sawsan, how did you react when you heard the news?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00186-00099226-00099366": "Tell us everything.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00187-00099454-00099858": "I did not believe it, I had to reread the email a couple of times and then once I was", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00188-00099858-00100259": "sure it was real I rushed downstairs and told my parents and they were really really excited.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00189-00100259-00100482": "So I’m really really grateful for this opportunity.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00190-00100482-00100786": "Angéline, how did you react?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00191-00100786-00101232": "I was surprised and grateful, but most of all really excited.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00192-00101232-00101746": "Living in Ottawa since I was young, the Ingenium Museums have always been very important to", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00193-00101746-00101882": "me.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00194-00101882-00102270": "I often visited museums when I was young to learn more and more about STEAM.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00195-00102270-00102643": "And that's one of the reasons I like STEAM today.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00196-00102643-00103222": "So winning this award is really a very inspiring and rewarding experience for me.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00197-00103222-00103970": "It's really important, the Ingenium Foundation has had an impact on me from a young age,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00198-00103970-00104616": "and I now want to have an impact on other young people by being an ambassador for STEAM.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00199-00104732-00104952": "Wow and how about you Nicholas?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00200-00105424-00105658": "Sorry, what was the question again?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00201-00105658-00105808": "How did you react when you heard the news?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00202-00105808-00105970": "Perfect, thank you.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00203-00105970-00106555": "I was super excited and incredibly surprised when I heard the news. And ever since that", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00204-00106555-00107090": "morning when I heard I realized how important it is for me to continue to be an ambassador", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00205-00107090-00107344": "in my community in the field of STEAM.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00206-00107592-00107808": "And you Anjalee, how did you react?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00207-00107942-00108528": "I was also super excited honestly I wasn’t sure if it was real either.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00208-00108528-00109096": "But ultimately, I was so grateful to be given this opportunity and I’m excited to see", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00209-00109096-00109556": "what my secondary education holds for me.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00210-00109709-00109992": "And finally Katiya, how did you react?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00211-00110206-00110700": "I was actually coming home from work and my parents told me about the news and I was in", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00212-00110700-00111246": "so much disbelief and shock I couldn’t believe I’d won such an amazing award and I was", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00213-00111246-00111346": "so so happy.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00214-00111550-00112038": "I definitely remember hearing first about the awards as well, it’s an incredibly exciting", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00215-00112038-00112283": "time and I’m so happy for all of you.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00216-00112283-00112654": "So I don’t know about you, but I find this year’s celebration of the STEAM Horizon", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00217-00112655-00112876": "Awards to be of particular importance to me.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00218-00112876-00113283": "It opens our eyes to the more crucial roles that STEAM fields play in our society.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00219-00113283-00113516": "And I would like to take this opportunity to thanks once again our sponsors that support", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00220-00113516-00113616": "this program.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00221-00113616-00114217": "The Ingenium Foundation, NSERC, Indspire, Lockheed Martin, Syncrude your support for", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00222-00114217-00114450": "the STEAM fields is greatly appreciated.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00223-00114450-00115008": "And I believe that all of us who have had the opportunity to be given the STEAM Horizon", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00224-00115008-00115386": "Award that we should act as ambassadors for STEAM fields in the future and continue to", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00225-00115386-00115581": "pursue studies in STEAM fields.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00226-00115581-00115714": "Don’t you think Thomas?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00227-00115826-00115988": "That's right.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00228-00115992-00116526": "On the other hand, often STEAM fields can be very intimidating for some people, but", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00229-00116526-00117030": "really all of us on the panel can agree that you don't need to be a rocket science guru", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00230-00117030-00117343": "to want to pursue a career in STEAM.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00231-00117343-00117779": "What would you suggest to a kid who does not have the confidence in the science field but", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00232-00117779-00118195": "might be interested in STEAM?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00233-00118195-00118430": "What advice would you like to give to that person?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00234-00118430-00118882": "Katiya maybe you can answer first followed by Sawsan and Angéline.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00235-00119126-00119648": "I would tell them to pursue their interests and do what they love to do and you need to", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00236-00119648-00120130": "love what you do every day because you’ll be doing it almost every day and you should", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00237-00120130-00120408": "wake up motivated to go to work.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00238-00120408-00121192": "There are also not many girls in STEAM programs and I highly encourage them to not be scared", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00239-00121192-00121496": "or intimidated by that.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00240-00121558-00122042": "I completely agree with Katiya, and I think that I have 2 main pieces of advice.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00241-00122042-00122370": "The first thing is the beautiful thing about STEAM is that there’s something for everyone.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00242-00122370-00122780": "I’ll be the first to say that I suck at physics, I’ve never been good at it. But,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00243-00122780-00123066": "I am in love with biology and computer science.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00244-00123066-00123511": "So my advice is find your passion, find something you don’t mind staying up until three am", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00245-00123511-00123752": "to study and then build your career off of that.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00246-00123752-00124121": "And my second piece of advice is just because you’re not good at something right now,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00247-00124121-00124565": "it doesn’t mean that you won’t be amazing at it in years to come, so just keep working", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00248-00124565-00124664": "on it.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00249-00124790-00125282": "STEAM isn’t just what we learned in school, a little like Sawsan said.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00250-00125282-00125885": "It's a whole world of design, creation and new ideas.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00251-00125886-00126666": "I don’t think that you need to be good and excel in every single field of STEAM especially", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00252-00126666-00127146": "if you’re struggling in for example science class at school that is totally fine because", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00253-00127146-00127754": "the one trait that holds together all engineers and scientists is curiosity.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00254-00127754-00128167": "So if you have curiosity I believe that you can excel in a STEAM field.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00255-00128167-00128683": "Now for finding enriching opportunities to build your confidence from a young age, I would", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00256-00128683-00129209": "recommend finding extra-curricular activities and programs to find ways to learn more about", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00257-00129209-00129585": "STEAM outside of the classroom to see if there’s a place for you there.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00258-00129730-00129885": "Those are really great advice.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00259-00129885-00130325": "By the way Angéline, I heard you say that you're a mentor for a group of young girls", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00260-00130325-00130527": "who participate in a computer coding program.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00261-00130527-00131092": "Can you tell us a little bit more about the program and how and why did you get involved?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00262-00131246-00131802": "Ah yes, so the program is called Technovation and it’s a global coding and business competition", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00263-00131802-00131960": "for girls.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00264-00131961-00132355": "Where you need to create a mobile app to solve a problem in your community.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00265-00132355-00132901": "So I first got involved last year as a participant, to create the app that I mentioned earlier", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00266-00132901-00133482": "PlanIt. So with that opportunity, I got to pitch the idea to judges and work on building the", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00267-00133482-00133582": "prototype.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00268-00133582-00134046": "Then that experience was very fulfilling to me so I decided to join the program once again", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00269-00134046-00134542": "this year, but instead as a mentor to be able to help young girls to have the impact that", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00270-00134542-00135108": "I had from the program and to encourage more girls to pursue programming or other STEAM", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00271-00135108-00135211": "fields.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00272-00135211-00135996": "So I coached a team of girls grade 7 to grade 9 in the creation of their project starting", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00273-00135996-00136568": "off in January in person at the University of Ottawa. And then having to migrate to helping", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00274-00136568-00136868": "them virtually during the Covid-19 crisis.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00275-00136868-00137265": "So this was a very enriching opportunity and I was very glad to be able to help people", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00276-00137265-00137509": "through the Covid-19 crisis, as well.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00277-00137509-00137994": "I think it’s incredible you not only took part in this program as a participant, but", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00278-00137994-00138183": "have also come back to mentor other girls.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00279-00138183-00138595": "I think it’s incredibly important, especially from the perspective of a young girl in the", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00280-00138595-00138791": "sciences, that we have role models to look up to.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00281-00138791-00139183": "I think it’s really amazing that you’ve been doing that for your community.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00282-00139183-00139567": "So now I would like to open the floor to our audience and the partners of the STEAM program", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00283-00139567-00139717": "to ask some questions.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00284-00139717-00140173": "How about we kick it off with Danika Goosney, Vice-President Research Grants and Scholarships", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00285-00140173-00140338": "Directorate from NSERC.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00286-00140432-00140790": "Hi, good morning everybody.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00287-00140790-00141328": "First of all, on behalf of NSERC let me say congratulations.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00288-00141328-00141708": "Each of you have achieved such remarkable things in a short amount of time and I can’t", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00289-00141708-00141961": "wait to see where you go from here.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00290-00141961-00142463": "I’m going to ask my question first in English then in French and it’s building off a question", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00291-00142463-00142858": "that Thomas asked just earlier, so I think it feeds well.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00292-00142858-00143405": "As part of winning this award, you’re each becoming ambassadors to other young Canadians,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00293-00143405-00143848": "and role models for what the next generation of scientists and engineers will look like,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00294-00143848-00144174": "and what sort of topics they will explore.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00295-00144174-00144627": "So I’d like to ask each of you, if you could say just one thing to young Canadians that", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00296-00144627-00145234": "will explain to them the importance of studying STEAM topics, what would you say?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00297-00145234-00145404": "And now in French.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00298-00145424-00148456": "As a STEAM Horizon Award winner [no sound 24:17 – 24:45]", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00299-00148482-00149144": "Hi I’m so sorry, I think we didn't hear the last little bit there. So sorry,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00300-00149144-00149532": "the last bit in French? Did you hear the English? We heard the English.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00301-00149533-00149900": "Okay, now once again in French, with the sound.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00302-00149900-00150550": "As a STEAM Horizon Award winner, you will act as an ambassador for other young Canadians", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00303-00150550-00151522": "and be a source of inspiration for the next generation of scientists and engineers, and what sort of topics they will", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00304-00151522-00152586": "be learning and studying. So I'd like each of you to address young Canadians and tell them one reason why it's important", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00305-00152586-00152773": "to study STEAM fields.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00306-00152773-00152953": "Is that better?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00307-00152953-00153462": "Thank you so much for this question this is a really important topic.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00308-00153462-00153674": "So, let’s get Nicholas to start first.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00309-00153924-00154392": "Some of my strongest advice actually came from my grandmother who taught me that no", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00310-00154392-00154705": "matter what in life you don’t know what you can do unless you give it a try.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00311-00154705-00155066": "And I know that if there’s anything that you’re passionate about, for all the young", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00312-00155066-00155541": "Canadians out there, if there’s anything that you’re inspired to take part in give", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00313-00155541-00155732": "it a try because you might be surprised.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00314-00155732-00156010": "Some of the greatest discoveries come through the unexpected.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00315-00156010-00156458": "And you’ll definitely inspire the future generation of Canadian scientists.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00316-00156546-00156728": "That’s wonderful advice.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00317-00156728-00156886": "Anjelee, what about you?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00318-00157122-00157820": "I think often STEAM is misunderstood to be kinda this like nerdy abstract topic that", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00319-00157821-00158028": "only some people do.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00320-00158028-00158408": "But, in reality, I’d like to try to air out that misconception.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00321-00158408-00158991": "So, for example, in the tenth grade I built TechExplore which is a startup where I used", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00322-00158991-00159499": "STEAM and I pulled from that tool kit to be able to solve a problem that was dear to me", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00323-00159502-00159991": "which was making effective education accessible to many students.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00324-00159992-00160494": "So, what I’m trying to say is what STEAM really is it’s a tool kit that anybody can", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00325-00160494-00160812": "pull from to solve problems that are dear to them.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00326-00160812-00161145": "So, for that reason, I think that’s it’s important that you make this tool kit accessible", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00327-00161145-00161576": "to youth because you never know when are when you’ll be able to apply it.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00328-00161690-00162084": "I definitely agree. I think there’s so many opportunities where you can apply STEAM fields", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00329-00162084-00162276": "and you didn’t even know that you needed to or that you could.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00330-00162276-00162741": "What about you Katiya, what’s some advice that you would give or some importance of", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00331-00162741-00163025": "studying STEAM that you would suggest?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00332-00163025-00163722": "The importance of studying in STEAM fields is because it develops various skills and", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00333-00163722-00163882": "encourages creativity.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00334-00163882-00164348": "It also helps develop a better understanding of the world around us.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00335-00164557-00164734": "I couldn’t agree more.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00336-00164734-00164848": "Sawsan, what about you?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00337-00164961-00165390": "So, I think that science and technology and every field in STEAM has the potential to", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00338-00165391-00165619": "solve some of the world’s biggest problems.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00339-00165619-00166027": "In many ways, it’s what’s pushed humanity forward and allowed us to improve to where", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00340-00166027-00166127": "we are today.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00341-00166127-00166519": "It’s what’s going to help us solve climate change, and cure diseases, and it’s going", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00342-00166519-00166976": "to revolutionize the way we live so it is really important.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00343-00167088-00167184": "I agree.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00344-00167184-00167362": "And finally, Angéline what about you?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00345-00167454-00168098": "So adding on to what Anjelee and Sawsan said, us as youth are really inheriting a world", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00346-00168098-00168494": "full of problems, such as hunger and sickness and all the way to climate change.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00347-00168494-00168904": "And it’s our duty as our generation to make the world a better place.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00348-00168904-00169220": "And STEAM is really an amazing way to do that.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00349-00169220-00169816": "Scientists and engineers are constantly looking to find  new innovating solutions to solve these", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00350-00169816-00170219": "world problems. Or finding ways to apply them to help others.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00351-00170219-00170743": "So, I therefore think thats it’s very important for youth to study STEAM to contribute to this", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00352-00170743-00170876": "positive change.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00353-00170876-00171635": "I would like to add a few words in French since the question was asked in two languages.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00354-00171635-00172450": "So we are inheriting a world full of problems and STEAM is a great way to solve these problems.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00355-00172524-00172646": "Thank you.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00356-00172646-00173120": "Our second question is now from Lorraine Ben, Chief Executive from Lockheed Martin Canada.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00357-00173172-00173292": "Thank you.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00358-00173292-00173870": "First of all, let me say how incredibly inspiring it is to hear from all of our winners today.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00359-00173870-00174538": "Congratulations, and I feel that the future is very bright with all of you in charge so", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00360-00174539-00174659": "well done!", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00361-00174659-00175239": "So at Lockheed Martin, we’re very focused on driving more awareness in careers for STEAM.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00362-00175239-00175778": "So I’m wondering you could recommend one resource, perhaps a book, a podcast, a TV", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00363-00175778-00176394": "show to other students interested in STEAM fields that might inspire them to head towards", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00364-00176394-00176578": "the future of STEAM.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00365-00176708-00176910": "That’s a wonderful question.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00366-00176910-00177290": "I think personally, I would recommend checking out the free resources on YouTube just because", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00367-00177291-00177516": "they’re really easily accessible by everybody.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00368-00177516-00177877": "So I think that for this question we’ll get Katiya, Nicholas, and then Anjelee to answer", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00369-00177877-00178144": "maybe in the order? So Katiya, what about you?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00370-00178342-00178938": "I would recommend the K Publishing company because they sell very educational books that", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00371-00178938-00179544": "relate to a lot of the different STEAM fields which explores different aspects of our world.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00372-00179646-00179804": "That’s a great suggestion.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00373-00179804-00179990": "Nicholas, what are your thoughts?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00374-00180086-00180568": "Growing up I’ve always been amazed in nature, and especially the simplicity behind it.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00375-00180568-00181116": "One thing I’ve always enjoyed watching on TV was the Nature of Things. And I strongly", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00376-00181116-00181579": "suggest this for many students out there, and many people who are interested in nature.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00377-00181579-00181938": "As Leonardo da Vinci once said, simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00378-00181938-00182202": "And you can definitely find that in the Nature of Things.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00379-00182324-00182600": "That’s a great suggestion I’ll have to check it out.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00380-00182600-00182764": "And finally Anjelee, what would you recommend?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00381-00182848-00183332": "In addressing this question I would like to first talk to a problem that I’m noticing", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00382-00183332-00183528": "in the education system.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00383-00183528-00183998": "One problem that I’ve personally seen is that oftentimes we’re told to learn something", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00384-00183998-00184391": "because we’re supposed to learn it. And you know as someone who’s been a student, worked", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00385-00184391-00184736": "with students, taught students, I’ve realized that’s not effective because when you tell", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00386-00184736-00185264": "someone you should learn STEAM because its good it doesn’t really foster creativity", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00387-00185264-00185620": "or problem solving to the level that we need to push the world forward.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00388-00185620-00186590": "So, in that vein, rather than just recommending a simple STEAM resource I’d like to recommend", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00389-00186590-00187212": "that students read books and look for resources that spark that curiosity that make them ask", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00390-00187212-00187312": "questions.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00391-00187312-00187732": "So for me, one book that really got me asking a lot of questions was actually a history", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00392-00187732-00187896": "book called Sapiens.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00393-00187896-00188323": "It gives a really really great overview of how humans evolved and it made me think critically", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00394-00188323-00188712": "about how we’ve done things in the past, how technology has evolved, and how maybe", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00395-00188712-00189010": "I can do thing to make little things better for people.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00396-00189182-00189552": "That’s amazing. I’ll have a lot of new things to check out after this.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00397-00189552-00189958": "So now we have a question from Mal Carroll, Manager of Research and Development at Syncrude", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00398-00189958-00190114": "Canada Limited.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00399-00190328-00191070": "Hello everybody, wow, it is my absolute pleasure to be part of this event today and congratulations", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00400-00191070-00191297": "on your awards.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00401-00191297-00191782": "It just amazes me how much you’ve accomplished just in the last few months actually hearing", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00402-00191782-00192207": "what you’ve been doing with your time at home.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00403-00192207-00192757": "My question is an important one and certainly one that’s going to be an area of focus", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00404-00192757-00193364": "as we emerge from the pandemic, in terms of re-evaluating our priorities as a society.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00405-00193364-00194462": "And for Syncrude, of course, we produce oil from the oil sands and we’re certainly focused", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00406-00194463-00194807": "on trying to doing that in the most sustainable way possible.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00407-00194807-00195336": "So products, this is my question, products derived from crude oil, natural gas, and other", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00408-00195336-00195666": "natural resources are integral to our lives in so many ways.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00409-00195666-00196165": "They’re embedded in everything that we do and use from transportation, heating fuels,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00410-00196165-00196477": "rainproof jackets, and smartphones.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00411-00196477-00196929": "Given this, and the current societal desire for greater environmental sustainability,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00412-00196929-00197374": "how do we balance societal demand for the things that enable an enjoyable quality of", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00413-00197374-00197602": "life with environmental goals?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00414-00197782-00198164": "That’s definitely an important and not easy to answer question.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00415-00198164-00198476": "So let’s give it a go, Angéline why don’t you start.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00416-00198614-00199066": "So, I believe that being environmentally friendly does not mean you have a lower quality of", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00417-00199066-00199166": "life.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00418-00199166-00199632": "On the contrary, we can improve our quality of life by having a more sustainable lifestyle.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00419-00199632-00200096": "So today I’m going to talk about the three R’s – reduce, reuse, and recycle.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00420-00200096-00200512": "Even though you’ve probably heard about about them a million times already, hopefully", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00421-00200512-00200865": "this will inspire you to spark a little change in your life.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00422-00200865-00201508": "So first of all, reduce. In the wise words of tidying master Marie Kondo, if it doesn’t", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00423-00201508-00201845": "spark joy don’t buy of keep it.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00424-00201845-00202378": "By reducing our consumption in this way, we can help the environment, but also help lead more", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00425-00202378-00202732": "organised and stress free lives.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00426-00202732-00203248": "Secondly, we have reuse, which is actually my favourite of the 3.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00427-00203248-00204022": "Finding creative way to repurpose old materials and items is great way to impact the environment", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00428-00204023-00204621": "in a positive way, while also using a STEAM aspect.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00429-00204621-00205342": "So for example, I have transformed a lot of my old clothes into new trendier pieces using", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00430-00205342-00205906": "sewing. And I’ve also replaced and repaired different parts in my cell phones in the past", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00431-00205906-00206567": "such as microphone, speaker, battery, and screen when I broke it while trying to fix the battery .", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00432-00206567-00207078": "But let’s not talk about that. It was a great enriching STEAM experience to be able", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00433-00207078-00207652": "to learn how the build of my cell phone worked.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00434-00207653-00208310": "And finally, I have recycling. So I believe that as a society, as Canadians, we can all", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00435-00208310-00208790": "improve our recycling techniques making sure that all the recyclables are actually recycled", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00436-00208790-00209010": "and disposed of properly.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00437-00209098-00209328": "That’s some great suggestions.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00438-00209328-00209525": "Nicholas, what are your ideas on this?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00439-00209723-00210221": "I think the most important thing to realize when it comes to balancing environmental sustainability", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00440-00210221-00210604": "and the use of everyday products that are derived from crude oil, for example, is simply", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00441-00210605-00210891": "by being mindful of how much we use.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00442-00210891-00211309": "Nature for centuries has been influenced, in one way or another, by mankind. But, the current", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00443-00211309-00211699": "problem is that society has the ability to destroy this balance.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00444-00211699-00212178": "It takes us back to the rules we first learned as children, and much like Angéline said reduce", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00445-00212178-00212311": "reuse and recycle.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00446-00212311-00212846": "If we practice using less products derived from oil, reuse everyday supplies such as", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00447-00212846-00213477": "plastic containers, and recycle organic and inorganic substances in local facilities the", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00448-00213477-00213760": "environment will see less harmful impact, for sure.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00449-00213962-00214510": "Thank you, and now we have a question from Roberta Jamieson, President and CEO of Indspire.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00450-00215114-00216204": "Hi there and congratulations to all of these amazing students. I’m delighted to join you", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00451-00216204-00216517": "today and all of the partners who are here cheering you on.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00452-00216517-00217105": "You know, I’m the President and CEO of Indspire and Indspire understands the challenges that", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00453-00217105-00217331": "students face.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00454-00217331-00218104": "As a national charity we support First Nations, Inuit, and Métis students everyday with bursaries", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00455-00218104-00218909": "so that they can achieve their education. And in many ways, many times, our students might", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00456-00218909-00219677": "be the very first person in their family or in their community to achieve a post-secondary", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00457-00219677-00219855": "education.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00458-00219855-00220515": "So we understand the challenges that you have all faced and are overcoming every day. So", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00459-00220515-00220694": "bravo!", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00460-00220694-00221065": "Your leadership will enrich Canada greatly.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00461-00221065-00221939": "So I’m interested to know and to hear from each of you on how will the funds that come", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00462-00221939-00222649": "with the award, because they’re very important contributions, how will those funds help you", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00463-00222650-00222958": "meet your education goals?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00464-00223086-00223476": "Maybe Nicholas can answer first and then followed by Angéline.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00465-00223734-00224196": "The funds from the STEAM Horizon Award will substantially increase the benefit of going", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00466-00224196-00224369": "to university.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00467-00224369-00224882": "Not only will it take away the stress of having to balance out every day university life with", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00468-00224882-00225491": "learning about the sciences that I plan to pursue, it will help me have more educational", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00469-00225491-00226021": "desire to do what I’m studying. And it’ll help me focus on my studies more.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00470-00226021-00226494": "So by doing this, I will definitely learn as much as I can and bring back to my community", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00471-00226494-00226975": "what I’ve learned in university. And this award will definitely help out that path.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00472-00226976-00227084": "Thank you.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00473-00227230-00227819": "So for me, this award will really remove financial pressure and stress which will allow me to", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00474-00227819-00228207": "concentrate on learning, such as Nicholas said.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00475-00228207-00228648": "Finding new different learning opportunities and also opportunities to be a STEAM ambassador", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00476-00228648-00228794": "for youth.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00477-00228794-00229326": "Particularly, I am thinking for example, next summer I’m planning to go work at the TRIUMF", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00478-00229326-00229849": "particle accelerator in Vancouver to further my learning in physics and engineering.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00479-00229850-00230312": "And with the help of this award, I’ll be able to make that goal possible.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00480-00230430-00230771": "Wow, and you Sawsan, how it will help you?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00481-00230888-00231169": "This award is a dream come true.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00482-00231169-00231514": "It would allow me to focus on my studies and my research. And more importantly, it will allow", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00483-00231514-00231944": "me to fulfill my full potential. So I’m really really grateful for this opportunity.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00484-00232104-00232367": "How about you, Katiya?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00485-00232504-00233136": "The funds will help me concentrate on my studies and my involvement in my community like the", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00486-00233136-00233476": "I Love First People organization and WISE.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00487-00233660-00234094": "And you Anjelee, can you tell us how the award will help you to meet your educational goals?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00488-00234388-00234782": "So going to university, I’m really excited to pursue computer science and business.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00489-00234784-00235383": "And this award will help me to be able to do that and focus completely on my studies, and my", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00490-00235383-00235829": "extra-curriculars, on any work I’m doing, and really take off the financial burden.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00491-00235830-00236223": "So I’m really grateful to have this incredible opportunity.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00492-00236326-00237000": "And the last question is from Jacey Kennedy, a Director on the board of the Ingenium foundation.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00493-00237219-00237582": "Like all our other partners, I too congratulate you all on winning a 2020 STEAM", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00494-00237582-00237764": "Horizon Award.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00495-00237764-00238101": "And it’s wonderful to see the winners from last year’s awards join us again today.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00496-00238101-00238419": "It’s amazing to learn all about your accomplishments, to date.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00497-00238419-00238992": "Like the Zyme project Sawsan worked on, that converts food waste into biodegradable plastics.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00498-00238992-00239380": "This aligns with some of the programming done at the Agriculture and Food Museum, that has", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00499-00239380-00239932": "a focus on reducing food waste at the consumer level, and circular-economy projects to leverage", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00500-00239932-00240149": "ag waste for other products.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00501-00240150-00240504": "What new innovations do you foresee over the next few years in this area?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00502-00240786-00240914": "Great question.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00503-00240915-00241296": "So I think we’re on the frontier of something really big, and I think in the next ten or", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00504-00241296-00241604": "fifteen years we’re going to see innovations in almost every industry.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00505-00241604-00242069": "In the food production industry, for example, I think we’re going to see the rise of lab-", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00506-00242069-00242440": "grown meat, which is a solution to the huge amount of methane that’s being produced", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00507-00242440-00242828": "by the meat industry currently. And I also think we’re going to see things like 3D", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00508-00242828-00242964": "printing our own meals.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00509-00242964-00243279": "In the healthcare world, I think we’re going to see a lot of innovation in the science", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00510-00243279-00243685": "of aging, and longevity, and increasing human life span. And I think we’re going to see", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00511-00243685-00244000": "things like 3D printing organs and stuff like that.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00512-00244000-00244364": "And in the space world, I’m really excited about this, but I think we’re going to see", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00513-00244364-00244579": "the commercialization of space flight.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00514-00244579-00245031": "I know Bezos owns a company that’s working on it, Elon Musk is looking into consumer", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00515-00245031-00245489": "space flight, as well. And I really hope that we start to see people tap into space resources", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00516-00245489-00245857": "so things like asteroid mining is definitely going to be on the frontier.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00517-00245857-00246242": "So I think the next ten or fifteen years are going to be really really exciting and I definitely", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00518-00246242-00246469": "think there’s going to be a lot of innovation.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00519-00246626-00246984": "Thank you to all partners for your questions.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00520-00247034-00247352": "But before we end this conversation, can you guys briefly share your plans with us for", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00521-00247352-00247552": "the future?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00522-00247552-00247804": "What are your career goals and how do you think it’s going to help your community?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00523-00247804-00248056": "Let’s start with you Sawsan.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00524-00248142-00248652": "My dream is to start my own technology company and I want it to be focused on solving some", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00525-00248653-00248994": "of the world’s biggest problems, mostly focused in healthcare and medicine.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00526-00248994-00249428": "So for the next four years, I want to be doing medical research and I’m leaning towards", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00527-00249428-00249590": "either McMaster University or Queen's University.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00528-00249700-00249817": "That sounds amazing.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00529-00249817-00250223": "Personally, I’m studying pharmacology at UBC, so I understand the appeal of studying", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00530-00250223-00250482": "medicine and how it can help so many different lives.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00531-00250482-00250648": "What about you, Anjelee?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00532-00250902-00251364": "I’m building TechExplore through high school, a startup that has helped over a thousand", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00533-00251364-00251719": "Canadian kids become excited about tech education at a young age.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00534-00251719-00252440": "I’ve realized that I have a passion for using business and mixing that with technology in", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00535-00252440-00252714": "order to build things that help a lot of people.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00536-00252714-00253346": "There are a lot of problems that I see through reading books about what I mentioned before,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00537-00253346-00253491": "about history and everything.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00538-00253491-00253996": "So I want to continue solving problems like that using business and technology.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00539-00253996-00254373": "And I’m really excited to pursue entrepreneurship in that way.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00540-00254460-00254732": "Those sound like some great goals.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00541-00254732-00255023": "Angéline, what about you, what are your goals for the future?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00542-00255025-00255769": "So my goal is to become a quantum computing researcher because Canada is a leader in this", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00543-00255769-00256303": "field. And I feel that quantum computing really encompasses all the different aspects of STEAM", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00544-00256304-00256946": "and would be a great way to contribute to Canada’s contribution to this breakthrough", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00545-00256946-00257138": "technology.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00546-00257138-00257690": "So, to do this I will be pursuing the double baccalaureate program in physics and electrical", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00547-00257690-00258244": "engineering at the University of Ottawa and then I will be studying computer science directly.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00548-00258244-00258721": "Finally, I would like to continue to give back to my community by being a mentor and", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00549-00258721-00259211": "role model for girls in STEAM, such as I did during my high school career to really continue", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00550-00259212-00259627": "this and to bring it to the next level during my post-secondary education.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00551-00259758-00260252": "Those sound like some great plans. I think especially continuing to give back in such", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00552-00260252-00260552": "a meaningful way will be really important in the future.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00553-00260554-00260780": "Katiya what about you, what are your plans?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00554-00260896-00261538": "I have accepted my offer for the program of civil engineering technology at Cambrian College", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00555-00261538-00261706": "for the upcoming fall.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00556-00261706-00262323": "After three years, I’ll be furthering my education by studying to become a structural", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00557-00262323-00262733": "engineer at Lakehead University in Thunderbay.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00558-00262733-00263309": "As a structural engineer, I can ensure sustainable and eco-friendly buildings that only uses", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00559-00263310-00263763": "clean and affordable energy to help reduce climate change.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00560-00263858-00264226": "Congratulations on your plans, those sound incredible.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00561-00264226-00264511": "And finally Nicholas, what are your plans for next year and the future?", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00562-00264511-00265130": "At University I plan to study a degree in environmental science. And I’ve always been", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00563-00265130-00265247": "passionate about nature.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00564-00265247-00265639": "I think that one of the greatest things that I can do in the future is to give back to", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00565-00265639-00265739": "nature.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00566-00265739-00266152": "Once I study environmental science, I’ll be really passionate about studying alternatives", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00567-00266152-00266586": "to renewable energy. And if there’s a way that I can give back to my community after", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00568-00266586-00267529": "I finish my schooling, I will do my best, and I will definitely do my best to learn renewable", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00569-00267530-00267860": "alternative energies and how they can combat climate change.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00570-00267990-00268433": "We wish you guys all the best for the future, either in these careers that you just mentioned,", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00571-00268433-00268629": "or any other path that you decide to pursue.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00572-00268629-00269164": "I am currently studying biomedical engineering at the University of Ottawa and my goal is", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00573-00269164-00269595": "to continue my studies at the graduate level to possibly do research.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00574-00269595-00270050": "Unfortunately, that’s all the time we have. It was a real pleasure to connect with you", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00575-00270050-00270506": "via Zoom. It was a really fun and inspiring conversation.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00576-00270506-00270889": "Ella, it was a pleasure moderating this panel with you again this year.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00577-00270889-00271276": "Thanks to those who joined us also via the internet.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00578-00271276-00271892": "Thank you also to Ingenium and NSERC for organizing this fabulous virtual celebration.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00579-00271892-00272298": "Congrats again, all of you winners.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00580-00272298-00272640": "Christina, I’m handing the floor to you for final words.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00581-00273306-00273817": "Thank you, Thomas and Ella.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00582-00273817-00274460": "What an incredible group of winners. I am always amazed by everything that people of your age", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00583-00274460-00274864": "have done. I think it was Lorraine who said we are in good hands with our future knowing", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00584-00274864-00275095": "that you will be our future leaders.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00585-00275095-00275508": "Thank you to our sponsors for your penetrating questions, and to our winners for your insightful", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00586-00275508-00275652": "answers.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00587-00275652-00276142": "Our sponsor organizations make the Ingenium-NSERC STEAM Horizon Awards possible.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00588-00276142-00276593": "Our sponsors are committed to supporting Canada’s next generation of STEAM innovators as they", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00589-00276593-00276886": "create a better world for generations to come.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00590-00276886-00277391": "Once again, congratulations to this year's Ingenium-NSERC STEAM Horizon Award winners.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00591-00277391-00277854": "This ends today’s event. Thank you for joining us, and we hope to see you again next year.", "3XKrXFSwW9y-00592-00277854-00278019": "Thank you, and have a good day."}}, {"audio_id": "3XQPCp5iujA", "text": {"3XQPCp5iujA-00000-00001088-00001888": "To summarize the pros and cons, it's definitely fun to do it. It might save you", "3XQPCp5iujA-00001-00001888-00002608": "some money if the saving money is interesting enough for you to embark on this for that reason", "3XQPCp5iujA-00002-00002672-00003344": "this is your own personal decision it's definitely educational even if you", "3XQPCp5iujA-00003-00003344-00004384": "don't do it for the financial reasons if you want to teach wireless networking to a class of", "3XQPCp5iujA-00004-00004512-00005184": "students whoever they might be just the learning effect from building antennas", "3XQPCp5iujA-00005-00005184-00006144": "and studying how they work might be worth it reasons not to do it the prices have dropped", "3XQPCp5iujA-00006-00006144-00006904": "a lot over the last years over say the 20 years of wi-fi that we've seen now and part of the reason", "3XQPCp5iujA-00007-00006904-00007888": "is of course the success that wi-fi has had the numbers bring down the price so in many cases", "3XQPCp5iujA-00008-00008031-00008672": "the difference in money spent alone isn't motivation enough anymore", "3XQPCp5iujA-00009-00008824-00009792": "another tendency is that the more advanced wi-fi gets higher frequencies more complex", "3XQPCp5iujA-00010-00009976-00010960": "technologies like multiple in multiple out mimo beam shaping and so forth you get", "3XQPCp5iujA-00011-00010960-00011736": "more complex antennas you get smaller antennas and very very often they would be integrated into the", "3XQPCp5iujA-00012-00011816-00012568": "access point or wireless router the newer wi-fi standards in particular", "3XQPCp5iujA-00013-00012696-00013447": "y556 these are working with mimo and beam shaping and then antennas become", "3XQPCp5iujA-00014-00013552-00014184": "a lot more complex and a lot more difficult to build at least", "3XQPCp5iujA-00015-00014400-00014904": "they're not as easy to build in the old fashioned ways that we showed you here right now", "3XQPCp5iujA-00016-00014960-00015647": "there's new ways though that you could try out so here's an example of this this integration that i", "3XQPCp5iujA-00017-00015647-00016696": "talked about here you have an access point meant for a point-to-point link this is a ubiquiti model", "3XQPCp5iujA-00018-00016776-00017552": "where you can see it actually the access point disappears into the feed of this parabola dish", "3XQPCp5iujA-00019-00017672-00018104": "so the two things are not really independent parts that you could", "3XQPCp5iujA-00020-00018104-00018680": "you know just build one and then the other thing they are highly integrated", "3XQPCp5iujA-00021-00018776-00019584": "the new types of antennas that i mentioned open some interesting perspectives that we haven't seen", "3XQPCp5iujA-00022-00019584-00020328": "that much yet off but it's happening you can build antennas that combine", "3XQPCp5iujA-00023-00020432-00021624": "printed elements with three-dimensional elements the example shown here comes from a iot logo one", "3XQPCp5iujA-00024-00021776-00022416": "antenna rather than a wi-fi antenna it's an antenna for a circular polarization", "3XQPCp5iujA-00025-00022656-00023720": "and it combines a pcp pcb part printed with a sort of second layer a bottom pcb and a top", "3XQPCp5iujA-00026-00023720-00024520": "pcb so it's has two dimensional elements arranged in a three-dimensional setup these are very easy", "3XQPCp5iujA-00027-00024520-00025496": "to make if you have uh a possibility to make pcbs to burn those yourself or do it in a really", "3XQPCp5iujA-00028-00025496-00026312": "do-it-yourself way the source is given here if you would like to study this particular antenna", "3XQPCp5iujA-00029-00026439-00027127": "another field which is becoming more and more interesting is i mentioned beam shaping multiple", "3XQPCp5iujA-00030-00027127-00028024": "in out beam shaping antennas are typically arrays that work with phase shifting to achieve the", "3XQPCp5iujA-00031-00028024-00028648": "directionality of the beam and there is ways of actually building those yourself", "3XQPCp5iujA-00032-00028712-00029712": "the arrays become typically printed or soldered arrays and then the beam shifting actually moves", "3XQPCp5iujA-00033-00029712-00030416": "very much into the software part of it keyword software-defined radios you're controlling", "3XQPCp5iujA-00034-00030512-00031176": "not only frequencies and modulations you're controlling phase shifts and stuff so this", "3XQPCp5iujA-00035-00031176-00031760": "opens some interesting possibilities for building your own antennas but we", "3XQPCp5iujA-00036-00031760-00032568": "haven't seen as many of these yet it's still fairly new and it's also more difficult to do", "3XQPCp5iujA-00037-00032784-00033496": "our summary here do-it-yourself approaches to antennas and to wireless in general", "3XQPCp5iujA-00038-00033592-00034280": "it's worth it for the fun and for the education whether it makes sense for you budget wise", "3XQPCp5iujA-00039-00034368-00035064": "depends on your budget your ambition your skills your people nobody else can", "3XQPCp5iujA-00040-00035064-00035864": "decide that for you the designs and guides are freely available it's interesting to look into", "3XQPCp5iujA-00041-00035960-00036840": "new ways of doing antennas printed ones pcb ones and so forth but in whatever you do", "3XQPCp5iujA-00042-00036944-00037504": "please keep an eye on what is the size of the network the ambition of the network", "3XQPCp5iujA-00043-00037504-00038144": "you're building remember that things might be very fun to build and to put together", "3XQPCp5iujA-00044-00038208-00038992": "from these old things but that doesn't necessarily make it a good idea in the long", "3XQPCp5iujA-00045-00038992-00039848": "run because you'll also want to maintain this manage it keep it running monitor and so forth.", "3XQPCp5iujA-00046-00039912-00040784": "So try to balance these aspects when you make your decisions about do-it-yourself wireless."}}, {"audio_id": "3YdyGBC5BgU", "text": {"3YdyGBC5BgU-00000-00000042-00000762": "welcome Capricorn okay so we are going to look at what is going on for you at", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00001-00000762-00001428": "this in this part of your journey we call life and see if we can help you along that", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00002-00001428-00002436": "Journey okay so I'm Juanita and today we are using the cosmic reading cards and the oshozin", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00003-00002436-00003090": "tarot I've already pulled the cosmic reading cards to save us time because shuffling with", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00004-00003090-00003786": "me can take a long time sometimes so let's get into it shall we so first off Capricorn", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00005-00003786-00004758": "we have let go okay this is about letting go of control right and that takes a lot", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00006-00004758-00005772": "of effort and it's hard to break control is a really hard thing to let go of you know it", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00007-00006078-00006276": "Everything feels", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00008-00006540-00007116": "I want to say kind of strangled I guess and I guess that's kind of like showing this picture", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00009-00007116-00007764": "here but I've never really got that from this card before it feels like these the Strangling", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00010-00007973-00008748": "um and I've feel like this is about this control like it's you're trying to hold on so tight that", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00011-00008748-00009408": "it's like you actually strangling yourself in a sense it's like an anaconda like wrapping itself", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00012-00009408-00010464": "up around on itself and um and you know because at the end of the day if you don't let go Capricorn", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00013-00010530-00011016": "the universe will take care of that for you and whatever change that", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00014-00011016-00011628": "needs to occur from you letting go of control um will then occur", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00015-00011844-00012726": "in a much more difficult way than what it would if you let go of control and allow things to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00016-00012930-00013613": "naturally take their path okay foreign", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00017-00014130-00014454": "sauce the sauce okay", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00018-00014808-00015474": "see now normally this feels as this card for me is about going within and connecting with", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00019-00015474-00016044": "source and I want to say that because I do feel like that's part of it because I see this light", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00020-00016044-00016740": "here and I feel like this is about you needing to let go and rise up and connect with sauce yes", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00021-00016800-00017592": "however I also feel like this could very well be you getting to the source of this control because", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00022-00017592-00018192": "there's a reason why you hold on so tightly while you are holding on so tightly because I don't", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00023-00018192-00018810": "feel like you always do in every situation but for some reason this situation you are", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00024-00018864-00019680": "and there's a reason for that and I feel like once you are able to put your finger on the reason why", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00025-00019800-00020430": "it will be easier for you to deal with and dissolve I'm not going to be like it oh be", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00026-00020430-00021096": "a piece of cake because Letting Go isn't a piece of cake letting go is it's a mental effort it's a", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00027-00021096-00021990": "spiritual effort an emotional effort right as it's physically demanding the whole thing you know so", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00028-00021990-00023424": "it's not easy um but this here okay it's like it will okay so this is you in this boot cage and ah", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00029-00023424-00023934": "you know I feel like the cage is controlling you actually do you know what you could be the cage", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00030-00024144-00024858": "um no that doesn't make no sorry it's not the case you're not the cage but you feel", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00031-00024858-00025800": "like you're part of the cage you feel like you are the cage but you are not the cage the cage", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00032-00026345-00027462": "it's almost like the cage has you it's like yeah it's the cage can't exist unless you're in it this", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00033-00027462-00028439": "is what it's like and until you step out of the cage the cage will always have a purpose okay and", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00034-00028722-00029052": "the cage holds the power that's what I'm trying to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00035-00029052-00029489": "say the cage has the power and it holds the power and", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00036-00029730-00030318": "this could also be Capricorn that there is someone around you who wants to step out of", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00037-00030402-00030942": "you'll grasp and you're holding on tightly because you don't want to let them go", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00038-00031104-00031644": "but the thing is the bars are down and they're going to fly anyway they're just getting the it's", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00039-00031644-00032382": "like you know kind of like cranking up the motor getting ready so it's either one way or the other", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00040-00032382-00033270": "so take it as it resonates with you okay how it applies to your story interesting very interesting", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00041-00033384-00033786": "you've given me two cards here that I've gotten something Way new from", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00042-00033918-00034506": "okay so be still did I say Sagittarius before I called", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00043-00034506-00035202": "you Capricorn didn't I I don't even know anyway letting it go be still okay this is", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00044-00035256-00035982": "okay so this is about stopping and breathing every time you feel this pain arise every time you feel", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00045-00036324-00036426": "this rage", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00046-00036762-00037512": "this this lack of control okay just stay still and breathe Capricorn", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00047-00037764-00038340": "feel the emotions okay and and try to understand where they're coming from", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00048-00038400-00039156": "yeah try and get to the source of them right because the triggers they're old", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00049-00039156-00040152": "they are old triggers okay and they need compassion and acknowledgment yeah be kind", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00050-00040152-00041022": "to them okay this this Source wherever this is coming from this need to cling foreign", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00051-00041262-00041838": "there's a reason for it and I feel like this is about inner child", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00052-00042024-00042636": "I feel like actually this child has been locked up inside of you and hasn't been allowed out", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00053-00042696-00043446": "to fly free and it's time now to allow the child to come out and acknowledge and hear", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00054-00043446-00044250": "the child and allow it to have a voice and fly free this part of you that you've caged in", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00055-00044562-00044706": "and it's holding you back", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00056-00044994-00045204": "and you feel like it's comfortable", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00057-00045960-00046656": "but it's actually now the Comfort has become the uncomfortable the discomfort and comfort", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00058-00046764-00047772": "yeah okay flying high enough to see what possibilities there are seeing things from a", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00059-00047772-00048456": "different perspective seeing things from a higher perspective okay coming from your higher self and", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00060-00048456-00049116": "seeing where the sun shines from right seeing that there is beauty if you just look around", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00061-00049290-00049944": "allowing your master your masterful self to come through and shine it's like connecting", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00062-00049944-00050586": "with this master of who you truly are Capricorn because this is who you truly are you've helped", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00063-00050586-00051510": "this part of you locked in this cage for so long it's time to let it fly rise up", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00064-00051708-00052740": "and Shine Your Light and be the master of who you truly are yeah allow the truth of the of your own", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00065-00052740-00053352": "inner source to come through okay that doesn't come out that sound a bitter in my head but anyway", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00066-00053490-00054360": "um celebration yep you the the uh some stuff that you've been through you know and and I", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00067-00054360-00054714": "feel like with this initial coming up here you've been through quite a bit", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00068-00054779-00055320": "for some of you and I want to say that you have come through this is the whole point", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00069-00055320-00056358": "you've come through so much Capricorn okay and I want to say celebrate well obviously it's on", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00070-00056358-00057078": "the card but celebrate that even though there's still changes that need to be made even though", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00071-00057078-00057840": "there's still growth to be had celebrate how far you have actually come okay um", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00072-00058674-00059526": "make changes that need to be made okay if you make mistakes make them if you fail you fail", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00073-00059796-00060720": "so what I know this you know sometimes it's makes you cringe", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00074-00060996-00061596": "but you learn from these things right it's it's like this flower here has come up these leaves", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00075-00061596-00062244": "here haven't seen the Sun so they're not shining like these leaves are that have seen the Sun and", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00076-00062244-00062862": "this is what I feel like you have hidden yourself away down here and not allowed yourself to be", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00077-00062862-00063372": "shown upon I didn't even know what card to grab because they owed to me what sorry shaking you", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00078-00063372-00063905": "away there I'm shaking it up come on Capricorn um I feel like they are all saying this right", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00079-00064038-00064446": "so I'm like I'm going to grab card to make the point and I'm like which card do I grab", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00080-00064446-00065136": "so young you know but you also have have made some growth and you there are parts", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00081-00065136-00065586": "of you that are out there and shining and blooming and blossoming these other parts", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00082-00065586-00066528": "of you though that need to be acknowledged and need understanding okay and need to stop being", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00083-00066642-00067314": "put in the shadows and need to come up into the sun this was the appropriate card I found it yay", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00084-00067410-00068250": "um so yeah okay so yeah celebration and also Capricorn celebrate Who You Are", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00085-00068406-00069018": "because that is worth celebrating some of you look at only your mistakes or only the things", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00086-00069018-00069714": "that have gone wrong and you don't celebrate all the good things here's a few cards they're tuned", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00087-00069714-00070380": "over there but I'm gonna wear these ones just in case they jump out again okay um The Miser", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00088-00070380-00071076": "and guidance these two came out hiding yourself here hiding yourself look at this one Turning", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00089-00071076-00071610": "Away of being you know the power of like I'm here on it's like no no no no no don't look", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00090-00071760-00072462": "um anyway those were the ones that I was going to choose but anyhow fighting internal fighting", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00091-00072462-00073008": "I feel like this is putting on this armor and getting ready for the battle getting ready to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00092-00073008-00073650": "go and fight and really no one else would be about you you're the only one fighting you okay", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00093-00073752-00074520": "um it's like the Sentinel battle that's going on in your mind and and yeah you're like oh I", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00094-00074520-00075060": "should but no don't do that but yeah I really I really want to but oh no you shouldn't because all", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00095-00075060-00075672": "of this happens and all of the ends and remember that time that's happened that's all ego like that", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00096-00075672-00076272": "ego is controlling the situation right it's about letting go of their ego because no longer serving", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00097-00076272-00076764": "you and know that you know like have a chat with the ego and be like hey dude I know that you're", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00098-00076764-00077136": "trying to help me here and I know that you've protected me in the past and I appreciate that", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00099-00077136-00077772": "and if there's really a bad situation where tigers chasing after me and you're telling me to run I'm", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00100-00077772-00078582": "gonna listen but right now I need to go over here and allow my light to shine okay um sorry", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00101-00078834-00079656": "heavy this fighting this internal battling is causing you sorrow it's almost like something's", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00102-00079656-00080208": "happened and you're reliving it in your mind and that's actually causing you to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00103-00080208-00080850": "continuously go over the trauma of what has happened it's not helping to heal you", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00104-00080958-00081600": "because it's not protective it's it's repetitive and I feel like if you're going to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00105-00081600-00082614": "do that Capricorn you need to find a new way to um actually work through that process because this is", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00106-00082752-00083274": "keeping you up at night and it's it's really weighing heavy on you", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00107-00083388-00084234": "excuse me okay so this is something that I would say you know these parts here that haven't shown", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00108-00084234-00085176": "all these parts here that haven't worked out um forgive those situations forgive yourself in", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00109-00085176-00085710": "that situation yeah because you're the one who actually needs the nurturing and the love here", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00110-00085782-00086886": "okay balance okay so this really is looking at how your external World reflects your inner world", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00111-00086946-00087678": "right and you know are there challenges in your life that are zapping your energy", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00112-00087678-00088434": "right now what is going on in your life you know and maybe this is these two here maybe", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00113-00088434-00089184": "there's a lot of squabbling and and you know as this really sucking your energy um all right", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00114-00089184-00089952": "yeah like take the time to nurture yourself yeah especially if you've made mistakes in the past", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00115-00090156-00090516": "okay let go of all that guilt", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00116-00090828-00091710": "let go of that and tap into the source of who you truly are because beating", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00117-00091710-00092526": "yourself up for mistakes in the past is actually not going to solve anything", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00118-00092820-00093378": "okay it's not going to achieve anything it's already done it's time to think of yourself okay", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00119-00093378-00094218": "and make the transformation you have all the tools it's time to rise up okay because I feel like", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00120-00094728-00095298": "this this Phoenix here Rising Up From the Ashes and I feel like you're the Phoenix it just sounds", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00121-00095298-00096024": "so cliche I didn't want to say it like that but that's the only way it came out that you you do", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00122-00096024-00096672": "have the tools and the ability to do that but it's like you lack this trust in yourself and this cage", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00123-00096672-00097170": "is hot you know it's kind of like that's why you put this cage around you partly as a protection", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00124-00097170-00097788": "at one point which served you but it no longer is and it's time to open up and let yourself fly", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00125-00097788-00098592": "free from that okay and this transformation feels very intense for you right now very intense it's", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00126-00098592-00099264": "moving super fast and and it scares you it really does ski you which might be why you're Clinging", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00127-00099264-00100428": "On A lot tighter so here we have World Between Worlds world within worlds sorry okay so this is", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00128-00100428-00101064": "again about this balancing your inner World okay so that you can impact the outer world", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00129-00101130-00101748": "right so there's this these two again so this is a very crucial message for you here Capricorn", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00130-00101892-00102774": "um and it's like if these say like some cells in your body right there are", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00131-00102774-00103409": "sick you're going to do what you need to do to nurture those cells and make them better okay", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00132-00103494-00103956": "and part of this is actually about the Earth being", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00133-00104046-00104832": "one cell of the universe okay so we are just on one particle of the bigger picture yeah", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00134-00104832-00105432": "remembering that that you know if we are just the [__] in this whole picture here okay", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00135-00105552-00106416": "and so we need to make sure that our vibration is such that it helps to nurture this Earth so", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00136-00106416-00107352": "that the the planet can contribute to the rest of the the universe yeah and so this really is", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00137-00107352-00108011": "lifting your vibration so that you have that part to play in it because you're a very important part", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00138-00108011-00108882": "of that okay and by doing that you also lead the way for others because you are very much a leader", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00139-00108882-00109578": "Capricorn and I feel like others will see you make these changes and do this for yourself and start", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00140-00109578-00110376": "to fly free and they'll be like huh I think other ones doing that maybe I could do I Capricorn how", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00141-00110376-00111024": "did you do that and what did you do and you'll be able to guide people through that process here so", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00142-00111024-00111972": "I feel like that's quite important for you to to really really um take that on board okay and", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00143-00112278-00112559": "yeah and get that vibration up", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00144-00112842-00113766": "that's my age giving up okay existence um this is just perfect for this card", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00145-00113766-00114348": "because this is you realizing that you are part of source right source is within you", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00146-00114444-00115032": "um there is no difference between you and the universe you inside your body is a whole complete", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00147-00115032-00115709": "Universe in itself it's like a mini universe or working energetically together as one to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00148-00115709-00116430": "make everything work just like the earthers and we all part of that making all that work together so", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00149-00116430-00117330": "realizing that your existence like I have already said is crucial I can't even say Carousel and", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00150-00117330-00118056": "accentuate that enough okay so postponement going within tapping into this existence tapping into", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00151-00118056-00119009": "the source okay because what you want your outer world to look like is this inner world so we what", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00152-00119009-00119616": "we want to do is we want to get the inner world to look nice and colorful and pretty okay so that", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00153-00119616-00120282": "that is reflected on the outer world because what happens is if the inner world isn't in this state", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00154-00120282-00121194": "of beauty the outer world will have nothing we to reflect back to it's only going to reflect back to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00155-00121194-00121914": "us what we are putting out which is exactly what mirrored souls are about okay and this is you know", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00156-00121914-00122459": "really about people who are around you and you know there could be someone irritating the heck", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00157-00122459-00123042": "out of you right now and um what's happening is they are triggering things within you that", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00158-00123126-00123804": "need to be addressed and need to be looked at yeah these sorts of relationships are tough", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00159-00123876-00124668": "you know because they highlight the the I want to say bad but no one's really bad per se but you", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00160-00124668-00125316": "know they highlight the parts of ourselves that we don't like all right and they also highlight the", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00161-00125316-00125820": "good parts of ourselves as well which is why these relationships can be so intense it doesn't have", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00162-00125820-00126714": "to be romantic it could be any you know siblings appearance friendships whatever with relationships", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00163-00126870-00127524": "um yeah so you know people only reflect what is going on in US", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00164-00127583-00128411": "so if you're attracting people who are challenging you okay and causing chaos", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00165-00128502-00129168": "okay and there's all this going on in your life this is where what needs to be addressed here yeah", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00166-00129228-00130182": "okay and um again like look at this inner child nurture the inner child that is there okay", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00167-00130620-00130752": "be gentle with yourself", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00168-00130944-00131604": "this also helps you to see how people need to be loved and how you need to be loved okay this will", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00169-00131604-00132366": "show you what other people's inner wounds are what is it that is triggering them and it doesn't mean", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00170-00132366-00132900": "to say that you put up with circumstances and and put up with situations which are toxic who don't", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00171-00132900-00133728": "do that right but what you do do is do the work on yourself so that you can heal from things okay wow", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00172-00133938-00134514": "I don't think I picked up all those cards there but patience be patient with yourself let things", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00173-00134514-00135228": "happen as they need to okay go with the cycle don't be too impatient okay take your time with", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00174-00135228-00135822": "this but while you're taking your time make sure you are doing the work okay again this", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00175-00135822-00136404": "nurturing is coming in really strongly here and that does take time look at these two they're", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00176-00136404-00137490": "the same one and the same tuning in quietening all these voices here okay going on in your mind", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00177-00137580-00138132": "all this external you know it could be people like no you shouldn't even you shouldn't do that blah", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00178-00138132-00139032": "blah blah blah blah just going in turning in going Within being still and allowing yourself just to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00179-00139158-00140028": "quieten down and hear your spouse self-speak and that will help to calm your emotions okay and", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00180-00140028-00140946": "have patience things take time realize Capricorn that as you go through life step by step there's", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00181-00140946-00141504": "something to learn on each step of the way okay this lady didn't grow her here that long", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00182-00141594-00142356": "within a week it took time okay and by the time she got it that long it had turned great", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00183-00142422-00143256": "okay so don't expect too much too soon right be patient like you would with a child trying like", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00184-00143256-00143916": "learning to walk you know you don't expect them to walk immediately you allow them and encourage", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00185-00143916-00144672": "them and that's what you need to do for yourself okay and know that the work takes constant effort", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00186-00144672-00145422": "okay and so it's not like you can just do a little bit and then slack off and then that's it nothing", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00187-00145422-00146220": "else to be done it takes Comfort constant effort by learning to write for example or learning to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00188-00146220-00146976": "spell you know and you're going to make mistakes and you're going to you know know that that's the", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00189-00146976-00147486": "time that you remember that word and how to spell it because you did it wrong all right", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00190-00147636-00148380": "this is an adventure treat it like an adventure right have a different perspective rise above", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00191-00148380-00148854": "and see it differently than what you're seeing it rather than seeing it as a challenge or a oh", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00192-00148854-00149304": "God this thing's happening and I don't want it to happen treat it like an adventure as something to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00193-00149304-00150144": "learn and you do need to go on don't be lazy do the work yeah this guy wants to vacation and he", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00194-00150144-00150612": "can't be bullied didn't bother booking the flights and he didn't bother booking the accommodation so", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00195-00150612-00151230": "he just sits in his kitchen pretending he's on holiday this is also shattering the illusion", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00196-00151230-00151974": "right being truthful with yourself being real with yourself here okay also he may not have", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00197-00151974-00152796": "gone on holiday because he has fears he's afraid okay he's afraid like this is fear of failure", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00198-00152796-00153870": "criticisms success mistakes judgments right it builds walls Capricorn fears build war builds", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00199-00153870-00154650": "Wars oh my gosh it can't even get the words out you know what I'm trying to say though okay so", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00200-00154890-00155406": "you know what happens when we build walls is that we don't let anything in we're like we", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00201-00155406-00156012": "do that to protect ourselves cage ourselves in but what happens is not only you know do", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00202-00156012-00156360": "we think we're protecting ourselves but in actual fact we actually block", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00203-00156360-00157080": "everything from coming our way you know we block opportunities we block love we we block success", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00204-00157290-00158016": "we block growth yeah suppression it suppresses us it holds us back and this is what we do to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00205-00158016-00158730": "ourselves okay and it places a burden upon us where we can no longer grow and it gets heavier", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00206-00158730-00159432": "and heavier and heavier and we have to go through our lives carrying there and it's really not worth", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00207-00159432-00160524": "it this is comparison this here is um you know realizing that you are oh hang on sorry let me", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00208-00160524-00161130": "start again here these two are trees they are both trees but they are completely different but they", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00209-00161130-00161928": "both service a purpose one as crucial as the other they are both invaluable in different ways and", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00210-00161928-00162756": "it's the same for you so stop comparing yourself to others okay and understanding that your value", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00211-00162756-00163770": "that of your existence in this world is just as as crucial as the next person's no matter what that", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00212-00163770-00164502": "looks like from the outside okay because you have something within you that no one else does there", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00213-00164502-00165258": "is no one else like you there never has been and there never will be oh what am I doing surrender", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00214-00165450-00166368": "Okay so this is surrendering to the natural cycles of life right just letting go okay", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00215-00166368-00167196": "so I love how this is at the end here and let go was it at the beginning yeah so like in in", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00216-00167196-00167808": "whatever it is you know whatever has happened even if this new cycle is unwelcome by you", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00217-00167988-00168612": "um just simmering during to it anyway like look at her just surrendering and going oh", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00218-00168612-00169476": "it releases the burdens yeah except what is okay surrender to holding on to the situation right", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00219-00169590-00170460": "and and it will be bring peace and miracles and blessings um because there's no resistance to", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00220-00170460-00171030": "those things coming in anymore there's it's going to break down those walls you know and", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00221-00171030-00171810": "you're actually going to be able to allow them in so this is very important for you Cape Horn", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00222-00171810-00172470": "to surrender and sometimes that's the easiest way to just do it is just go oh they had enough okay", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00223-00172470-00173148": "I'm just gonna let it happen right trust trust that you're on the right path that the journey", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00224-00173148-00173742": "is the one you're meant to be on okay trust that you can do this trust that you can fly", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00225-00173892-00174360": "don't jump off a cliff or anything like because you can't really fly unless you're a big", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00226-00174516-00175248": "but I love that because look at this this is both the same right trust trust that you can do this", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00227-00175248-00176064": "trust you've got this have faith in yourself oh my gosh yes Capricorn I have faith in yourself", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00228-00176664-00177258": "surrender anything else for surrender for Capricorn please see how long it takes to shuffle", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00229-00177552-00178554": "there you go nothingness I love this you know you'll love it love it yes this is about like", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00230-00178554-00179364": "this is where you will find this inner Master where you will find this Source where this", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00231-00179364-00180336": "existence is where you Rise Up From the Ashes patience turning in what else have we got", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00232-00180642-00181182": "nothingness going into the nothingness oh my gosh it's not even black because it's reflecting", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00233-00181278-00182004": "oh well uh it's black um but it it is really going into the nothingness that", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00234-00182004-00183072": "just the is-ness the Stillness turning in okay in knowing that the light is Shone upon the dark", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00235-00183156-00183720": "okay the dark exists for a reason the dark exists for us to grow from", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00236-00183954-00184404": "the sun can't rise and miss this being dark", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00237-00184584-00185298": "does that even make sense I know what I mean but you know what I mean right yin and yang can exist", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00238-00185358-00185958": "if there wasn't the darkness with the light right so this is where", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00239-00186168-00187176": "it's important for you to embrace this journey okay and tap into the nothingness because this", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00240-00187176-00187824": "is what is going to create change for you and it's going to make it a lot easier for you too", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00241-00188034-00188634": "travel this journey all right Capricorn I'm with you you've got this", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00242-00188742-00189138": "have faith in yourself because you can do this a hundred percent no", "3YdyGBC5BgU-00243-00189138-00189768": "you can do this okay take care of your beautiful cells see you bye"}}, {"audio_id": "3Yh8X4eg4v8", "text": {"3Yh8X4eg4v8-00000-00000000-00000200": "RTX 4080 | FPS Prediction based on leaked specification | Assassin's Creed Valhalla"}}, {"audio_id": "3YnYlbmSZRY", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "3YCvCyy2iX0", "text": {"3YCvCyy2iX0-00000-00001743-00001843": "Kia ora.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00001-00001843-00001943": "I’m Siobhan Leachman.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00002-00001943-00002440": "I'm a New Zealand Wikipedian, that is, I edit Wikipedia.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00003-00002440-00003384": "Wikicommons, Wikidata and I'm here to talk about open culture.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00004-00003384-00003707": "I think the main benefit of open culture is the improvement", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00005-00003707-00004022": "it brings to people's lives.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00006-00004022-00004422": "Open culture gives joy through enabling exposure to cultural artifacts.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00007-00004422-00004920": "It encourages people to gain or deepen their knowledge.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00008-00004920-00005415": "And has a part to play in ensuring the further creation of culture.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00009-00005415-00005839": "Everyone stands on the shoulders of those who've gone before.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00010-00005839-00006508": "And enabling reuse of cultural artifacts enables the creation of culture.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00011-00006508-00007451": "As regards to the barriers to open culture, I believe creativecommons.org has", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00012-00007451-00007573": "put it best.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00013-00007573-00007840": "I think there are three main barriers.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00014-00007840-00008256": "Money institutions lack resources and fear losing revenue.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00015-00008256-00009008": "People, the people in charge of the decisions, lack appropriate knowledge", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00016-00009008-00009280": "and skills about openness.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00017-00009280-00009507": "And are also risk averse.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00018-00009507-00009665": "And policy.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00019-00009665-00010109": "Most countries have a complex and outdated copyright system, and often", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00020-00010109-00010626": "there's an absence of positive policy frameworks to enable openness.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00021-00010626-00011165": "For me personally, my access to open culture is limited, mainly", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00022-00011165-00011411": "as a result of copyright, both in New Zealand and", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00023-00011411-00011613": "in other jurisdictions around the world.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00024-00011613-00011947": "I believe the copyright term is too long.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00025-00011947-00012162": "Copyright law is too complex.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00026-00012162-00012706": "And policy makers and the public are ignorant about copyright", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00027-00012706-00013053": "and how to work out when it actually ends.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00028-00013053-00013357": "And although New Zealand does have government policies that encourage openness,", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00029-00013357-00013697": "at least in the government context, they don't go far enough.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00030-00013697-00014288": "Nor are these policies easy for implementers to understand.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00031-00014288-00015247": "So I'm going to share something that someone told me or", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00032-00015247-00015491": "opened my eyes about [open] culture.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00033-00015491-00015865": "In 2015, I read A blog by Adrian Kingston on the", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00034-00015865-00016272": "Te Papa website to Papa is New Zealand's National Museum.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00035-00016272-00016790": "This blog was written about 10 months after Te Papa started", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00036-00016790-00017225": "releasing high resolution images of collection items.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00037-00017225-00017823": "They're openly available for download with their copyright or cultural rights allowed.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00038-00017823-00018259": "The most impactful information in this blog for me personally was", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00039-00018259-00018843": "the list of reasons why people decided to download those images.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00040-00018843-00019279": "The breadth and range of reuse was stunning, and it affirmed", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00041-00019279-00019664": "my heartfelt belief in open culture.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00042-00019664-00020581": "So my personal message to those who are hesitating about opening", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00043-00020581-00020865": "up collections just do it.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00044-00020865-00021303": "There are numerous people and organisations who want to actively engage", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00045-00021303-00021628": "with collection, who want to gain knowledge and build upon", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00046-00021628-00022031": "that knowledge, who want to create with those collections.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00047-00022031-00022431": "By adding to open culture, you'll assist with the creation of culture.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00048-00022431-00022623": "That's the carrot.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00049-00022623-00023018": "The stick is if you don't, I firmly believe your institution", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00050-00023018-00023315": "will be in danger of becoming obsolete.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00051-00023315-00023676": "We live in a digital world where more and more institutions", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00052-00023676-00024084": "are opening up their collections, allowing open reuse.", "3YCvCyy2iX0-00053-00024084-00024643": "You can't beat them, so please join them."}}, {"audio_id": "3Yc0NN-yEHo", "text": {"3Yc0NN-yEHo-00000-00000018-00000888": "Our two-day trip to Norway unfortunately ended. It was a little bit too little but it", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00001-00000888-00001494": "was an absolutely amazing weekend here. It forced us to do a lot in a small amount of time.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00002-00001891-00002291": "This is my 8th film about Norway  and in this film", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00003-00002292-00002856": "I'm making summary and give some recommendations what to see within", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00004-00002856-00003876": "two days in Norway when driving from Sandefjord to Eidfjord.  We flew from Riga to Oslo", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00005-00003876-00004668": "or Sandefjord airport by Ryanair. It was very comfortable because at the airport we have", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00006-00004668-00005424": "rented an electric vehicle. And, the charging system in Norway is very good, the roads are", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00007-00005424-00006180": "free. We didn't need to pay. And, charging stations are quite often. Parking places also are free.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00008-00007682-00008118": "To see scenic Road number seven Hardangervidda you have to drive across Norway.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00009-00010302-00011202": "Mick got me coffee and pastry. 330 kilometers we can drive with 81 percent of the charged car.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00010-00015072-00015559": "We are having the stop here. The beautiful river! Look at that.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00011-00015594-00016254": "S,o we are like... I think it's maybe around two hours we are driving. Something like that. Yeah.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00012-00016254-00016983": "Because we've had a couple of stops. Two hours.  The direction of Bergen. It's not sunny. Not a sunny day today.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00013-00016983-00017376": "But it's very pleasant to drive.  I like to be in. All right.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00014-00018330-00019008": "Beautiful wooden architecture and green roofs you must see in Norway.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00015-00019206-00019776": "What are these? I don't know. We have to ask locals what are those buildings. I'm trying", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00016-00019776-00020424": "to understand. But there are... In this house, they have two of them. And very interesting form.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00017-00021618-00022158": "We are on the Norwegian ship Farm here. And so funny because", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00018-00022158-00022686": "the sheep are eating the grass and the bells are ringing. Do you here?", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00019-00022782-00023166": "They have no problem. Yeah.  That's where they live. They eat grass.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00020-00024249-00025066": "Oh, goats! Goats. O, my Gosh! People are going slow because the goats are here.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00021-00025428-00026295": "The drive is long and you have to make a couple of stops before getting to Eidfjord. We stopped in", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00022-00026295-00027077": "Haugastol, Dyranut, Hardangervidda, Voringfossen, and some other towns and places.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00023-00029052-00029386": "It says it's a water pipe. I really don't know.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00024-00029386-00029910": "It's forbidden to walk, forbidden to swim. You can just look and...", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00025-00029922-00030054": "It's a forbidden place. Yes!", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00026-00031054-00031711": "This is the KIWI chain. Here we can buy some water  and some snacks for the road. Okay. Happy!", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00027-00032004-00032688": "These houses are near the river. Maybe people live there. Do they rent these houses out or do people just live here?", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00028-00032820-00033234": "Okay. Well. It's a very nice place to live.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00029-00033570-00033620": "All right.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00030-00035256-00035802": "We stopped in Geilo to spend the night and charge the car. It's located exactly", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00031-00035802-00036456": "in the middle: around 250 kilometers from Oslo and Bergen. It's a winter", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00032-00036456-00037230": "sports resort, one of Scandinavia's most popular Alpine destinations.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00033-00037350-00038664": "Today is the second day. We are in Norway. And we are driving to see the  fjord. 92kilometers, one and a half hours. It's a foggy day.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00034-00038778-00039852": "Kind of overcast. Norwegian Scenic Road Hardangervidda  runs from Eidfjord by the fjord to Haugastol", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00035-00039852-00040584": "at the high mountain plateau Hardangervidda. It follows National Road number seven and has", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00036-00040584-00041562": "a total distance of 67 kilometers. Along the scenic route you will encounter the narrow steep valley", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00037-00041562-00042498": "of Mobadalen, the great waterfall Voringfossen, high mountains and glazers in the far distance and", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00038-00042498-00043392": "Hardangervidda, Northern Europe's largest mountain plateau and also Norway's largest National Park.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00039-00043818-00044430": "On this road, you will definitely enjoy the driving because the landscapes", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00040-00044430-00045060": "are changing and nature is not only so different but also extremely beautiful.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00041-00045259-00045432": "So. Here we are.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00042-00045450-00046020": "See the snow over the mountains. That's why it's so cold. We're getting out of the car.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00043-00046020-00046800": "Yes. To see the Wonders. So, we'll have to stack a rock. City of the rocks! The weather is", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00044-00046800-00047647": "nice. No rain. A little bit chilly. We enjoy our morning. We've got our coffees... Oh, it's difficult!", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00045-00047682-00047796": "Don't destroy!", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00046-00048126-00048756": "I did it! Good. It was a very interesting place to stop. We decided to do it! Yeah.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00047-00048756-00049102": "Now we're gonna get back in our warm car. Yes.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00048-00049102-00049402": "People live here, like nowhere.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00049-00049716-00049854": "All those snow roads.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00050-00050154-00050448": "That's beautiful!", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00051-00050964-00051250": "Snow in thedistance.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00052-00051350-00051636": "I found berries. Oh!", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00053-00051636-00052517": "I don't know what type of berries. Oh, pick the berries! I don't know. I would. I would look it up first on the internet.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00054-00052517-00053376": "Look! Maybe they're healthy. Norwegians call this berries \"krekling\". Owing to their diureticqualities", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00055-00053376-00054162": "they were also named \"piss berries\". They are nutritional for health.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00056-00054162-00054905": "One of the things I find so interestingabout this area is that in the mountains there areponds at very well lots of different levels.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00057-00055500-00055764": "There are a lot of ponds up there. We just can't see them right now.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00058-00055944-00056324": "Probably goes to the Fjord.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00059-00056324-00056598": "No, no,no, no. It's a dangerous area.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00060-00056814-00057372": "Let's check it out! Looks very deep here. It does look deep.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00061-00057774-00058428": "There is something written in Norwegian that is very popular in Norway. You can read in Norwegian.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00062-00058428-00058944": "And if you don't understand Norwegian there is no luck. Yeah. You're out of luck.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00063-00059220-00060228": "So, we decided to make selfies here with this powerful water. Very beautiful point in Norway.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00064-00060228-00060962": "I'm holding my warm wonderful wife. And I'm holding my warm wonderful camera.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00065-00060962-00061618": "We are on the top of the mountains.  Somewhere in Norway. Now we are startingto drive down.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00066-00061618-00061979": "I was watching this and thinking", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00067-00062046-00062952": "that if there is a heaven in the world this is one of them. This is one of them. Yep. Nice.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00068-00063408-00064386": "Of course, you can stay longer time in each of the points we showed you in", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00069-00064386-00065088": "this film. However, we had only two days and we had to drive back to Sandefjord.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00070-00066069-00066819": "Thank you, Norway! Thank you, Norwegians and all people who we met. We didn't meet so many of them.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00071-00066819-00067338": "Yeah. It's one ofthe nicest things is to see an economy, that", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00072-00067338-00068052": "actually works for its people and not just the big guys. It's amazing! Americans just don't know", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00073-00068052-00068772": "what they're missing. Yes. The quality of roads, housing we experienced,", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00074-00068922-00069606": "good hotels... everything is clean on the streets. People have good", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00075-00069606-00070435": "cars and tiny, not huge, houses like many Americans. But nice houses, you can live in them.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00076-00070435-00071002": "We draw a lot we saw a lot but we would  love to see more and we definitelyreturn.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00077-00071002-00071436": "We are driving to the airport now. And I'm", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00078-00071436-00072210": "flying back to Riga and Mick flies to London.So, we separating. Right.  To give me my passport stamped. Yes.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00079-00072210-00072900": "Yes. Because I was two days over Schengen in Latvia. Yeah. So, he flies to London and then", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00080-00072900-00073648": "from London back to Riga. We meet each other almost at midnight in Riga if everything goes smoothly.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00081-00073648-00073956": "We are at the airport. A little too early.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00082-00073956-00074778": "This airport is not so big and we have plenty of time. I'm flying to Riga, and Mick flies to London.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00083-00074778-00075474": "My flight is at 11, and Mick's flight is at 3 P.M. Right now it's around 10. I'm very happy", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00084-00075474-00076272": "about that our trip. I'm happy we took it. And we've got so many Impressions. We just went out", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00085-00076272-00076944": "the country and saw some magnificent country and met a lot of nice people. Drove a really nice car.", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00086-00077931-00078564": "Like and subscribe to my Channel. Watch my films and enjoy your life!", "3Yc0NN-yEHo-00087-00078762-00078815": "See you tonight. Right. Your Sparklet!"}}, {"audio_id": "3Z8XimnfONY", "text": {"3Z8XimnfONY-00000-00000018-00000236": "Good evening, friends", "3Z8XimnfONY-00001-00000250-00000780": "I’m grateful for 3 minutes of your attention", "3Z8XimnfONY-00002-00000840-00001406": "According to the idea of my colleagues, for this Award I have to read out a letter of Einstein to his daughter", "3Z8XimnfONY-00003-00001420-00001684": "This letter was written by a person overfilled with love", "3Z8XimnfONY-00004-00001710-00002054": "He wanted to share with the whole humanity the sense", "3Z8XimnfONY-00005-00002076-00002290": "which is incredibly essential for him", "3Z8XimnfONY-00006-00002380-00002532": "The letter is beautiful:", "3Z8XimnfONY-00007-00003286-00003538": "\"When I proposed the theory of relativity,", "3Z8XimnfONY-00008-00003544-00003756": "very few understood me", "3Z8XimnfONY-00009-00003844-00004216": "and what I will reveal now to transmit to mankind", "3Z8XimnfONY-00010-00004242-00004632": "will also collide with the misunderstanding and prejudice in the world.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00011-00004686-00004918": "There is an extremely powerful force", "3Z8XimnfONY-00012-00004976-00005362": "that, so far, science has not found a formal explanation to.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00013-00005396-00005576": "It is a force that includes", "3Z8XimnfONY-00014-00005576-00005894": "and governs all others, and is even behind any phenomenon operating in the universe", "3Z8XimnfONY-00015-00005920-00006212": "This universal force is LOVE.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00016-00006278-00006552": "When scientists looked for a unified theory of the universe", "3Z8XimnfONY-00017-00006552-00006808": "they forgot the most powerful unseen force.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00018-00006844-00007056": "For love we live and die", "3Z8XimnfONY-00019-00007091-00007345": "This force explains everything", "3Z8XimnfONY-00020-00007345-00007483": "and gives meaning to life", "3Z8XimnfONY-00021-00007578-00007898": "The letter is wonderful, but I will not read the whole text,", "3Z8XimnfONY-00022-00007909-00008134": "you can find it in the internet.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00023-00008190-00008290": "Instead", "3Z8XimnfONY-00024-00008328-00008746": "I have a great opportunity to have your attention for these 3 minutes", "3Z8XimnfONY-00025-00008756-00008944": "to share something I believe in.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00026-00008963-00009242": "Moreover, the letter is false", "3Z8XimnfONY-00027-00009242-00009584": "You can find approval in the internet.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00028-00009682-00010038": "But I was wondering why somebody decided to write", "3Z8XimnfONY-00029-00010064-00010274": "something like this and sign it", "3Z8XimnfONY-00030-00010280-00010466": "by another person?", "3Z8XimnfONY-00031-00010540-00010902": "And I imagined a picture of a small man sitting in a grey office", "3Z8XimnfONY-00032-00010932-00011180": "of a grey town, on a grey chair with a grey table.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00033-00011188-00011490": "It seems this small man has a huge heart,", "3Z8XimnfONY-00034-00011490-00011806": "that beats so loud", "3Z8XimnfONY-00035-00011858-00012086": "that it could awake the whole World", "3Z8XimnfONY-00036-00012192-00012442": "But even the nearest neighbors are unable to hear it…", "3Z8XimnfONY-00037-00012542-00012694": "So, what did this man find out?", "3Z8XimnfONY-00038-00012763-00012962": "He decided to write down what is important to him", "3Z8XimnfONY-00039-00013066-00013312": "and signed it by a great person's name", "3Z8XimnfONY-00040-00013312-00013437": "to attract attention.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00041-00013504-00013638": "We all do it as well sometimes.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00042-00013669-00013936": "I do it too: “British scientists found out…”", "3Z8XimnfONY-00043-00014026-00014126": "But", "3Z8XimnfONY-00044-00014169-00014506": "what is important – this man knows exactly what is valuable in this life.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00045-00014511-00014822": "He knew for sure why, what for was he writing this text.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00046-00014822-00015258": "Interesting, that this letter was spread among millions of people,", "3Z8XimnfONY-00047-00015310-00015613": "it was translated into many languages.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00048-00015719-00016032": "I mean, whatever we do, each of us knows deep inside", "3Z8XimnfONY-00049-00016072-00016224": "what is important,", "3Z8XimnfONY-00050-00016228-00016554": "what is valuable, what we can bring to this world.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00051-00016568-00016792": "For example, our business education and development market…", "3Z8XimnfONY-00052-00016800-00016988": "All these trainings, conferences, performances", "3Z8XimnfONY-00053-00016990-00017202": "are just excuses.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00054-00017202-00017528": "Inside of everyone there is this small man who KNOWS for sure.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00055-00017528-00017826": "Inside each of us there is a big Heart.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00056-00017826-00018138": "And the deep question is how much of this Heart  can we bring", "3Z8XimnfONY-00057-00018138-00018590": "to what we do – into each action, each movement and thought,", "3Z8XimnfONY-00058-00018612-00018804": "each tiny decision.", "3Z8XimnfONY-00059-00018934-00019108": "Thank you for your attention!"}}, {"audio_id": "3ZtpTEEh3TE", "text": {"3ZtpTEEh3TE-00000-00000000-00000459": "Hi. Now it is getting really exciting.  I am visiting Tasiilaq.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00001-00000459-00000900": "I am going to show you what one of our heliports looks like.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00002-00000900-00001389": "As you can probably see, I am  standing where the helicopter lands.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00003-00001491-00002049": "The helicopter is not flying today  so it is a quiet day at the heliport.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00004-00002078-00002709": "The big grey building is Air Greenland’s  new hangar for their new helicopter.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00005-00002739-00003445": "The helicopter is flying from here  four days a week during the winter.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00006-00003614-00003791": "You are getting inside from here.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00007-00004369-00004509": "This is what it looks like.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00008-00004509-00004740": "Over here is where you are checking in.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00009-00004999-00005202": "You are getting out here.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00010-00005400-00005760": "You will get your luggage over here.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00011-00005760-00006179": "The wheel loader will bring it from around this corner.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00012-00006316-00006478": "This is the main entrance.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00013-00006640-00006811": "This is what it looks like.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00014-00007200-00007388": "This is the office.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00015-00007572-00008055": "Currently, we have four interns from primary school.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00016-00008270-00008524": "They are learning how to operate a heliport.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00017-00008839-00009290": "This room is for cargo.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00018-00009659-00009939": "And this is the old hangar.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00019-00009968-00010401": "Until a few days ago, Air Greenland had their helicopter in here.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00020-00010440-00010747": "Now, it is in the new hangar which you saw from the outside.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00021-00010955-00011370": "There are four employees at Tasiilaq heliport -", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00022-00011370-00011897": "- and we will follow their work routine during the next couple of days.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00023-00011939-00012094": "Talk to you soon.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00024-00016840-00017436": "Hi. My name is Olga Mikaelsen. I am working at Tasiilaq heliport.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00025-00017436-00018718": "I was doing an internship at the heliport from 2013 to 2017 as a part of my education and got employed in 2018.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00026-00018718-00019321": "I will tell you about what tasks we have during a week.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00027-00019321-00020048": "Let’s start with what we do on Mondays.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00028-00020048-00021368": "We are doing bills, handle goods and put the weight in the system.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00029-00021807-00022660": "The terminal worker is in charge of snow  cleaning when it is snowing on the runway.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00030-00022660-00023727": "Even though there is no planned traffic, the runway should always be ready in case of an emergency where the helicopter needs to take off or land with short notice.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00031-00024146-00024677": "On Mondays, we also handle the  cargo that arrived on Saturdays.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00032-00024677-00025223": "We hold the packages until people  or companies get here to pick them up.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00033-00025293-00025912": "On Tuesdays, the helicopter flies to the  settlements Kuummiut and Sermiligaaq.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00034-00025912-00027155": "First, there is check-in here.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00035-00027292-00027891": "They put the baggage here where we can weigh it.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00036-00027891-00028871": "Afterwards, we place the baggage here, so it is  ready for the terminal worker to bring it to the helicopter.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00037-00028871-00030000": "This is where the passengers are waiting for boarding.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00038-00030000-00031233": "When I call them out for departure,  I stand here and scan their boarding passes.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00039-00031671-00032741": "On Wednesdays the helicopter flies back and  forth to Kulusuk as there is a flight from Nuuk that day.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00040-00033423-00035309": "The flight plans are noted here. This is the route number, destination, departure time, number of passengers, also route number, arrival time and number of passengers.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00041-00035553-00037500": "When the helicopter has departed, we use this. The pilot tells us what time they expect to arrive, what time they took off, and how much fuel he has.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00042-00037704-00038308": "On Thursdays the helicopter flies to all of Tasiilaq’s settlements.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00043-00038308-00038810": "Often there are goods to the settlements.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00044-00038810-00039205": "Goods are placed here -", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00045-00039673-00041169": "- and we make sure they are handed out.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00046-00041427-00042000": "Frozen goods are kept in this freezer.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00047-00042419-00043620": "On Fridays, Tusass delivers these. They are kept here.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00048-00043620-00045087": "And of course, snow cleaning if it is snowing even though there is no planned traffic on Fridays.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00049-00045087-00046500": "On Saturdays, the helicopter is shuttling between Tasiilaq and Kulusuk like on Wednesdays as there is a flight from Nuuk on this day.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00050-00046500-00047290": "Normally, Sunday is our day off.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00051-00047290-00047607": "There is always one of us on duty.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00052-00047607-00048275": "In case of an emergency, they can call us.", "3ZtpTEEh3TE-00053-00048275-00049703": "We will get here and for example put fuel on the helicopter or whatever the pilot needs from us."}}, {"audio_id": "3ZwugzRsK1y", "text": {"3ZwugzRsK1y-00000-00001152-00001712": "so we're heading to little beach town our backpacker friends richie and steve found", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00001-00001712-00002984": "we're excited for some relaxing beach time after running around and climbing all those volcanoes", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00002-00003584-00004384": "richie and steve magnificent rock emily over down here", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00003-00005624-00007184": "Popoyo beach that is the surf break right here this guy but we'll be able to see it", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00004-00008736-00008752": "for the bar", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00005-00008752-00009984": "beginner bay beginner bay surf skill", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00006-00015824-00016984": "oh my gosh Sombrita what do you think about the baby", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00007-00017512-00018248": "so danny richie and steve are heading to the beach for some surfing and i'm just going to relax here", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00008-00018248-00018752": "by the pool get some work done and figure out what we need to get into costa rica in about", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00009-00018752-00019784": "a week or so the van is parked right under a router so having wifi here has been super nice", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00010-00025568-00026152": "okay so sounds like danny richie and steve are back from their beach day danny and i are gonna", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00011-00026152-00026760": "show you around ruamoko hostel where we're staying right now and then i think we're gonna head to the", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00012-00026760-00027472": "beach to check out a ramp that danny wanted to see and to watch another beautiful sunset at popoyo", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00013-00027816-00028832": "so this is ruamoko hostel we're staying here with the van gets pretty good shade over here and", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00014-00028832-00029944": "there's a pool hammocks four private rooms dormitories and the good times are this way", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00015-00029944-00030983": "over here is the nice pool area there's a good chill spot here at the bar", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00016-00031080-00031656": "beers here you can hang out down in this area and up here this palapa", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00017-00031832-00032624": "is kind of an open area here to uh do whatever hammocks up here too", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00018-00032864-00033624": "kitchen is in there outside bathrooms and showers as well as in the dormitories these", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00019-00033624-00034088": "are little tables in the corners you can sit there and have a beer", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00020-00034432-00035112": "i love it here such good wifi and the breeze is amazing we have just", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00021-00035112-00035616": "left the doors open in the van so that there's always a breeze going through and", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00022-00035680-00036088": "we've been sleeping here every night in the van even though it's 88 degrees during the day", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00023-00036304-00037984": "yeah it's a really nice climate here near popoyo beach which is not too far from san juan", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00024-00042016-00042336": "we got a good one we're gonna have a good one tonight i think it's", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00025-00042336-00043584": "gonna be really nice because these clouds up here", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00026-00044088-00044984": "so", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00027-00046296-00047224": "scorpion up close oh my god don't get too close yeah so we found the vet", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00028-00047368-00048192": "graham something happened to graham so the vet thinks that graham might have scratched", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00029-00048192-00048840": "himself on his chin because he was eating too much grass and he's allergic to wheat we got", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00030-00048840-00049488": "him some antibiotics which is pretty difficult to give a cat but emily knows how and here now", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00031-00049688-00050432": "we're gonna rinse his face wash the wound again and put on some cream and he is running away", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00032-00050496-00051056": "of course he doesn't want to be near us but he's gonna be okay bit of a scary morning", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00033-00051264-00051360": "he's gonna be okay", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00034-00051640-00051984": "he's pretty cuddly today", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00035-00052496-00053064": "so now that we've talked to the vet about it and she says graham is okay we're gonna keep cleaning", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00036-00053064-00053624": "the cut and continue with the antibiotics after some peaceful nights by the beach we're gonna", "3ZwugzRsK1y-00037-00053624-00054784": "head to one of our most anticipated spots ometepe island we'll see you guys next time"}}, {"audio_id": "3ZDCL8iL_Y4", "text": {"3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00000-00000000-00000256": "[Applause]", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00001-00000256-00000466": "Brothers and sisters are", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00002-00000466-00000923": "safe. Wow, the last time I went to that factory building three years ago, can everyone take pictures", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00003-00000923-00001420": ". Wow, it’s very beautiful now, very good. I’m grateful. Everyone has worked hard", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00004-00001420-00001686": "during the epidemic,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00005-00001686-00001960": "right? Wow, it’s really like dying and resurrecting,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00006-00001960-00002450": "and now I’m seeing God. I saw the grace again recently. I saw everyone’s testimonies.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00007-00002450-00002860": "There were many initiation ceremonies and many brothers and sisters’ testimonies", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00008-00002860-00003296": ". I started to write down your names again", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00009-00003296-00003600": ".", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00010-00003600-00004090": "It’s a pity that I couldn’t meet them when Winkie met here for the last time", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00011-00004090-00004543": ", but I have all Send prayers and ask the Lord to lead them. They are very", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00012-00004543-00004886": "tired and have been serving faithfully in Tuen Mun Church", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00013-00004886-00005300": ". I believe that the Lord will remember that. I am very happy to see Jiayu preaching. I will be ordained as a pastor", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00014-00005300-00005543": "next month . Thank you for him", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00015-00005543-00006160": ". We hope Jiayu can retire haha Haha Actually,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00016-00006160-00006636": "I really appreciate the courage", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00017-00006636-00007059": "and grace of the young people. May the Lord continue to bless Tuen Mun Church, okay?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00018-00007059-00007456": "Today is Easter and we told the one next to us that the Lord is resurrected", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00019-00007456-00007886": ", the Lord is resurrected, we are not dead,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00020-00007886-00008600": "there is no second death. So even if we are old,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00021-00008600-00008870": "it seems that my parents have returned to the heavenly home", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00022-00008870-00009246": ". During these past few years, I am very grateful to the brothers and sisters", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00023-00009246-00010310": "for your care and transporting them here. Our whole family is very grateful.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00024-00010310-00010823": "The old man has returned, but we have hope,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00025-00010823-00011136": "Lord Jesus It is the first fruits,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00026-00011136-00011543": "which means that the second batch of fruits will be ripe later", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00027-00011543-00011923": ", that is, we will all be resurrected together.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00028-00011923-00012543": "Mel Gibson made a film in 2007 that everyone is familiar with", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00029-00012543-00013030": ". In fact, he recorded the Lord Jesus on the cross. In the first 12 hours,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00030-00013030-00013746": "Jesus was on the cross for six hours, from nine in the morning to three in the afternoon, and then to", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00031-00013746-00014493": "six in the afternoon. Friday’s six o’clock is the beginning of the Sabbath , so", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00032-00014493-00014933": "within three hours, we quickly clamped our hands and feet", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00033-00014933-00015346": "to kill the Lord. Jesus was buried well because it was the Sabbath. We", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00034-00015346-00015753": "remember that the Mosaic law is not allowed to touch the dead body", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00035-00015753-00016050": ". It is unclean and many things cannot be done,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00036-00016050-00016643": "so it will soon be live broadcast troubles", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00037-00016643-00017030": ". Just keep looking at the pictures. Let’s review it.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00038-00017030-00017503": "The Lord Jesus carried this heavy cross for us. In fact,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00040-00017870-00018126": "starting at three o'clock in the morning,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00041-00018126-00018546": "Jesus has never eaten supper or drank water all day long. It", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00042-00018546-00019133": "was very hard and he had to be whipped. The", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00043-00019133-00019820": "worst thing about those Romans was that they tortured people to death. They didn't die so easily. It was the easiest", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00044-00019820-00020240": "and most comfortable way to die. It’s okay to shoot or fall on it,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00045-00020240-00020636": "but they are very powerful. The whip has nine hooks", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00046-00020636-00021166": ", and some metals can be pulled out after being beaten down. Wow", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00047-00021166-00021746": ", the char siu is really all wounds . The pain that the Lord Jesus endured for us is very deep,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00048-00021746-00022376": "Lord Jesus I bear this heavy pain for you and for me.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00049-00022376-00022686": "At three o’clock in the afternoon on Friday", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00050-00022686-00023086": ", the Lord Jesus died. The Lord Jesus said seven", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00051-00023086-00023590": "words . Do you remember that before he died, He finally finished what He said", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00052-00023590-00023943": "? It means that the task entrusted to me by the Heavenly Father", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00053-00023943-00024343": "is my mission. completed so two things happened,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00054-00024343-00024906": "the earth shook and then the veil was ripped", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00055-00024906-00025346": ", which means we don't need to rely on the high priest", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00056-00025346-00025886": "to go to God and we can pray to the Father ourselves", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00057-00025886-00026060": "and we are thankful that", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00058-00026060-00026553": "the Sabbath begins before their three hours are critical", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00059-00026553-00027320": "this Asia Joseph of Limathea was bold enough to find trouble with Pilate,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00060-00027320-00027986": "can you give me the body of Jesus, I will bury him properly", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00061-00027986-00028613": ", and Nicodemus, does he remember that he looked for Jesus at night?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00062-00028613-00029089": "This time he is very bold to let people know his identity", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00063-00029089-00029853": "I am not afraid. He brought a hundred catties of spices and wanted to do the last thing for the Lord Jesus", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00064-00029853-00030276": ". Therefore, the dedication of the two of them", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00065-00030276-00030570": "has become an example for us.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00066-00030570-00031120": "They", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00067-00031120-00031813": "are very comfortable. The original tomb is Joseph in Arimathea", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00068-00031813-00032360": ". He is willing. We dedicate the entire tomb to the Lord Jesus,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00069-00032360-00032633": "and then", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00070-00032633-00033413": "there is a big stone plugged in. Do you know what the big stone is used for?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00071-00033413-00033936": "Is it because I am afraid that Jesus will not have enough space to come out", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00072-00033936-00034586": "? Is it because I am afraid that those wild animals will harass the corpse, so I sealed it", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00073-00034586-00035156": ". Okay, let's take a look. What happened ? In fact,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00074-00035156-00035690": "in the first chapter before the beginning, Mary Magdalene and the women", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00076-00036290-00036723": "were very caring. They all wanted to do a small thing for Jesus. They", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00077-00036723-00037563": "brought the ointment, although not as much as Nicodias. But they all gave all they had to the Lord she loved and then Mary of Gadala", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00078-00037563-00038096": "she immediately ran back as soon as she saw the tomb was empty and the disciples told them that", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00079-00038096-00038363": "the tomb", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00080-00038363-00038870": "was empty and the body of the Lord Jesus was gone and then", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00081-00038870-00039360": "the disciples What's the reaction?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00082-00039360-00039953": "Only two people reacted, Peter and John. Then they both received the news, and these two people ran away.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00083-00039953-00040500": "You see, the old one is Peter, and the young one is John", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00084-00040500-00041086": ". It is the disciple whom Jesus loved often watched. The Gospel of John often says that he is the author", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00085-00041086-00041413": ". Then", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00086-00041413-00042133": "who runs first, the young man or the old man? Of course, the young man", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00087-00042133-00043013": "comes first. John arrives first, but he dares not go in. Because the old man has rich experience, Peter is brave enough to go in. He", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00088-00043013-00043593": "is late but goes in first to see. Seeing two pieces of cloth, one covering the", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00089-00043593-00044156": "head and the other covering the body, placed them separately, then saw", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00090-00044156-00044613": "it again, and ran back to tell the other nine people", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00091-00044613-00045256": ", and then Maria Zara, Mary, returned to the tomb Early bird was the first to see the Lord Jesus, the martyr Mary.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00092-00045256-00045770": "We read Mark 16, verse 9, and we know that seven ghosts entered her body.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00093-00045770-00046336": "If this woman was possessed by a ghost, she would be very sick. Miserable,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00094-00046336-00046846": "even the seven evil spirits, so Mary of Dala felt that the Lord Jesus was her savior,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00095-00046846-00047393": "so she loved the Lord Jesus very much, and she cried out her true feelings", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00096-00047393-00047813": ". She really loved the Lord Jesus, brothers and sisters, didn’t", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00097-00047813-00048503": "the Lord Jesus Is your savior the Lord Jesus who saved you? I also feel that the Lord Jesus is my savior after", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00098-00048503-00048950": "saving", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00099-00048950-00049413": "me.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00100-00049413-00049900": "I was mentally weak for the past seven years. I", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00101-00049900-00050266": "went to", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00102-00050266-00051066": "the Nanweiyong Clinic for electrotherapy and had to see a counselor to go to the Breakthrough Counseling Center and then to take medicine. It", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00103-00051066-00051606": "was very difficult. The food cost 8 yuan for a big bag. Wow, the food is", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00104-00051606-00051996": "exaggerated. Over the years, I have become a chronically ill patient", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00105-00051996-00052666": ". My liver and kidney are both poor, and I can’t sleep easily. I can’t sleep well.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00106-00052666-00053216": "So the Lord Jesus is my savior, so why am I so obedient? Let it", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00107-00053216-00053783": "go After five years of teaching in Hong Kong, it is very easy", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00108-00053783-00054163": "to be an SGM. It is easy to find tens of thousands of yuan a month", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00109-00054163-00054779": ". The mortgage is so good that it is easy to buy a flat for a flat. Why am I willing to let it go?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00110-00054779-00055253": "Because", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00111-00055253-00055566": "the Lord Jesus is my savior", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00112-00055566-00055866": ", so I am willing to let", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00113-00055866-00056583": "it go", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00114-00056583-00057413": ". Mary gave us a very good example", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00115-00057413-00057886": ", that is to say , he followed the Lord Jesus faithfully until the end", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00116-00057886-00058486": ". Do you remember those disciples who saw that Jesus was going to die and went to the cross?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00117-00058486-00058863": "Then", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00118-00058863-00059633": "Peter said that he denied Jesus three times. I swear I don’t know this.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00119-00059633-00059796": "People", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00120-00059796-00060573": ", wow,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00121-00060573-00062413": "some people go fast, but Mary of Dala really loves the Lord Jesus, brothers and sisters, let us imitate her and follow the Lord Jesus faithfully to the end . Let us follow the Lord Jesus faithfully together. I have seen it for more than 20 years.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00122-00062413-00063240": "I studied theology here for two years, from 1996 to 1998. I was an intern here Esther, so we met your little friend", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00123-00063240-00064013": "Mary. I won’t read the scriptures carefully with you. Let’s go all the way to the next one. The second", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00124-00064013-00064429": "time Appeared to a few women , including many Marias with another Mary", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00125-00064429-00065090": ". Jesus was very busy on the day of his resurrection. If we read the four Gospels, Acts of the Apostles,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00126-00065090-00065340": "and 1 Corinthians, let’s read together. Do", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00127-00065340-00066066": "you know that there is How many times did you appear in forty days?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00128-00066066-00066603": "Many times, the first time was Mary Magdalene", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00129-00066603-00067176": ", and the second time was several women in Chapter 28 of the Gospel of Matthew.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00130-00067176-00067596": "For details,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00131-00067596-00067843": "you can go back and read these women", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00132-00067843-00068336": ", do you know? Knowing the Lord Jesus for", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00133-00068336-00068886": "more", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00134-00068886-00069556": "than three years, all those women played a very important role", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00135-00069556-00070213": ", that is, preparing the lodging and eating every meal for the Lord Jesus", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00136-00070213-00070520": ".", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00137-00070520-00071283": "Do you remember sometimes going to the house of Mary Martha like these women", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00138-00071283-00071840": ", so they are very caring and they are Wanting to do something for the Lord Jesus", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00139-00071840-00072363": ", so", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00140-00072363-00072770": "the Lord Jesus appeared to them", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00141-00072770-00073300": ". The third time should actually be Simon Peter. The fourth time is on the road to Emmaus.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00142-00073300-00074136": "The two disciples were after this scripture because Peter and Simon appeared to him. So let’s look at it first. The fourth appearance ,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00143-00074136-00074976": "the two disciples on the road to Emmaus reminded us just now . The first point is that the resurrection reminds us to follow the Lord faithfully.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00144-00074976-00075903": "The second point in this appearance reminds us that just like the Lord Jesus, the Lord", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00145-00075903-00076676": "Jesus accompanied the two disciples and accompanied them to spend Spent the whole afternoon, really", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00146-00076676-00077570": "spent the whole afternoon with these two ignorant disciples. It can be said that the scriptures tell us that they actually wanted to walk from Jerusalem to Emmaus.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00147-00077570-00078433": "The distance is 60 stadia. The Ystad is equal to 185 meters by 1 by 11 kilometers", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00148-00078433-00079136": "I drove 11 kilometers and was walking.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00149-00079136-00079680": "Two people were walking. Suddenly, a passer-by walked together. This is the Lord Jesus", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00150-00079680-00079996": ". They couldn’t recognize it. When they kept walking,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00151-00079996-00080666": "the two chatted. Verse 16 Their eyes couldn’t recognize", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00152-00080666-00081190": "this is the Lord Jesus. Jesus asked: What are you talking about?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00153-00081190-00081740": "Then he said that there is a Nazarite Jesus. What is this man", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00154-00081740-00082290": "? The prophet has been with Jesus for so long and he actually said that Jesus is a prophet.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00155-00082290-00083080": "It seems that some of our classmates are going to take the GSE exam. The answers to some subjects require keywords to be", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00156-00083080-00083920": "answered correctly, and the wrong answer will be awarded. I must have fallen asleep in class and walked around without listening to the class", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00157-00083920-00084396": ", so we usually preach and concentrate on listening, so we shouldn’t be like him", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00158-00084396-00085656": ". The Lord Jesus reminded him that ignorant people are ignorant and think they are ignorant, so they should study hard. Is it true that sometimes some brothers and sisters we need to accompany", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00159-00085656-00086180": "They , the Lord Jesus, set a good example. Although they didn’t listen to the books", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00160-00086180-00086886": "and didn’t know a lot of things, the Lord Jesus was willing to spend the whole afternoon tutoring with them. Starting", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00161-00086886-00087450": "from chapter 1, he made up for it while talking about", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00162-00087450-00088280": "chapter 25. Jesus taught them some important things. Concept Teach them all the prophecies about the Lord Jesus", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00163-00088280-00089086": "from the Old Testament", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00164-00089086-00089643": ". Tell them once. Jesus is very patient.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00165-00089643-00090096": "The Lord", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00166-00090096-00090726": "Jesus set a good example, how to do discipleship and spend time with", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00167-00090726-00091703": "him. I saw Jay, I know your dad Mom, you testify that you were baptized and joined the church.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00168-00091703-00092233": "I believe that you were baptized. Your parents", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00169-00092233-00092860": "have been with you for a long time, accompanying you from childhood to adulthood. We all need to accompany", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00170-00092860-00093496": "our brothers and sisters. We will inevitably encounter all kinds of ups and downs in life.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00172-00094193-00094900": "The Lord Jesus spent the whole afternoon with these two disciples , and even", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00173-00094900-00095373": "after eating the meal in the afternoon, those two disciples were eating", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00174-00095373-00095763": ". Aren’t our hearts burning just now?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00175-00095763-00096400": "God ’s words can make our hearts burn", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00176-00096400-00096936": "and our cold hearts be ignited, Lord. He is really resurrected. What does", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00177-00096936-00098000": "the scripture say in verse 34 ? The Lord is really resurrected and has already appeared to Simon, which means that Simon was before the two of them.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00178-00098000-00098606": "So the third time he appeared to Simon and the fourth time was the two disciples", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00179-00098606-00098980": "this time. Appearances remind us that we are in the Lord.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00180-00098980-00099550": "Apart from following the Lord faithfully, the Lord is our savior, we must repay the grace", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00181-00099550-00099956": ", we must comfort the wounded soul, and", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00182-00099956-00100450": "we must accompany some brothers", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00183-00100450-00101200": "and sisters in our church who need to be accompanied. We walk with them at every stage of life. God’s word to teach them.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00184-00101200-00101683": "Maybe our years of believing in the Lord are different", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00185-00101683-00102076": ". We are more or less willing to teach others. We", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00186-00102076-00102659": "are new believers and we are humble to be taught. We firmly believe", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00187-00102659-00103000": "that the word of the Lord will ignite our hearts", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00188-00103000-00103653": ". Okay . The next lesson is to teach us", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00189-00103653-00104193": "how to accept the brothers and sisters. How to accept", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00190-00104193-00104673": "the Lord Jesus especially in...", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00191-00104673-00105383": "the fifth time in the morning, 11, 2, 3, 4, after lunch with those two disciples", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00192-00105383-00105913": ", to see why ten of these ten disciples were", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00193-00105913-00106283": "betrayed . Judas of the Lord is", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00194-00106283-00106753": "12-1 since Thomas is not here.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00195-00106753-00107200": "Is there anyone called Thomas or Tom?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00196-00107200-00107853": "He is in Australia. This Thomas has a personality. Do", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00197-00107853-00108150": "you know some people who have a personality", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00198-00108150-00108716": "? Sometimes they play against you. He is very independent in thinking, he can stand alone on what", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00199-00108716-00109313": "ten people believe in, isn’t", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00200-00109313-00109706": "this admirable, but we", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00201-00109706-00110240": "often see Thomas, you have such low confidence that you don’t believe it", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00202-00110240-00110853": ", in fact, we all have weak confidence often, don’t we?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00203-00110853-00111293": "If we can't find a job for two or three years,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00204-00111293-00112013": "you will start to understand what it means to have weak faith in your heart", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00205-00112013-00112800": ". Some bad things are very popular. We are often named Lai. In fact,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00206-00112800-00113330": "we practice our faith in these ups and downs", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00207-00113330-00113903": ". Lord Jesus Who were the disciples afraid of", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00208-00113903-00114400": "when they closed their doors that night ? Afraid of the Jews, the chief", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00209-00114400-00114913": "priests", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00210-00114913-00115496": "will settle their accounts after the fall, so they are very careful. If the door is closed, you have to open the door with a jingle.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00211-00115496-00115896": "The Lord Jesus does not need to open the door with a jingle", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00212-00115896-00116213": ". If we look at another scripture in the Gospel of Luke,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00213-00116213-00116933": "the Lord Jesus will eat grilled fish in front of them.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00214-00116933-00117336": "It tastes good. There are a lot of grilled fish", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00215-00117336-00117800": "in Thailand that are cheap and delicious. Eat grilled fish", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00216-00117800-00118686": ". Tell them that my body is not only the resurrection of the soul, but also the resurrection", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00217-00118686-00119400": "of the body . It is true. Then the Lord Jesus breathed on them", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00218-00119400-00120030": "and told them that you must receive the Holy Spirit. Then he said to them. : How did the Father send", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00219-00120030-00121059": "me ? I still send you. Whoever releases you will be released . It was a pity that there were not enough people that night. But if you look at the Gospel of John, after", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00220-00121059-00121673": "eight days, the Lord Jesus is Sunday. The Lord Jesus was resurrected on Sunday. The Lord Jesus was very busy. He", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00221-00121673-00122040": "ascended in the morning and had five in the evening. Appear", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00222-00122040-00122563": "for the first time, and see you next Sunday. For", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00223-00122563-00122970": "Thomas, let’s go to the encore again. Be kind. The Lord Jesus said that", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00224-00122970-00123550": "you can’t miss a single one. Look at the brothers and sisters around you. You can’t miss a single one.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00225-00123550-00123926": "We must strengthen everyone’s faith", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00226-00123926-00124380": ", and nothing can be missed. We grow up together as one person.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00227-00124380-00125283": "This time the Lord Jesus specifically wrote to Thomas", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00228-00125283-00125943": ". If you read the scriptures, you should pay attention to whether the Lord Jesus criticized him", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00229-00125943-00126526": "or scolded him. You can scold him, but the Lord Jesus did a good job.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00230-00126526-00127513": "A role model is very patient. To be a disciple, you must be very patient", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00231-00127513-00128123": ". Although you have been patient with him for a long time, you must continue to be patient.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00232-00128123-00128603": "The Lord Jesus is really patient. He endured the pain and it hurts", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00233-00128603-00129186": ". I found someone to do acupuncture on my left foot. The heel", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00234-00129186-00129976": "hurts so much that it makes me croak and croak", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00235-00129976-00130230": ", but as soon as I pull it out, it", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00236-00130230-00130776": "loosens and the foot is unblocked", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00237-00130776-00131206": ". One light needle hurts and you croak. Besides, Lord Jesus", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00238-00131206-00132150": ", Lord Jesus is such a pain that we can hardly imagine, so we have to be very grateful.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00239-00132150-00132663": "This time Thomas appeared to Thomas after 8 days", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00240-00132663-00133273": ". The Lord Jesus did not scold him. He was very patient.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00241-00133273-00133863": "This is also a test. Sometimes we meet and live together", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00242-00133863-00134533": ". We will see the dark side of other people very close", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00243-00134533-00134803": "and eat together.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00244-00134803-00135400": "Look at who started with the chicken spleen and fed it to the heart", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00246-00136020-00136820": ". Sometimes it would be like this", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00247-00136820-00137000": ". Is there a dead spot?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00248-00137000-00137396": "Yes, this young man is", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00249-00137396-00137786": "true . Thomas has his dead spot. We all have our dead spot", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00250-00137786-00138390": ". Acceptance of each other is something that Jesus taught us to accept. We", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00251-00138390-00138600": "just", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00252-00138600-00139180": "learned to be faithful", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00253-00139180-00139610": "and be with us. This time taught us to accept us to accept", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00254-00139610-00140100": "without", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00255-00140100-00140636": "us", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00256-00140636-00141200": "Great people, superstars with personalities are good too", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00257-00141200-00141800": ". Once I met a college student who was not familiar with him.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00258-00141800-00142760": "He once got an earring here.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00259-00142760-00143346": "In fact,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00260-00143346-00143773": "I didn’t accept these very old thoughts at first. I", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00261-00143773-00144443": "didn’t accept them lightly at first. I told him why you wear earrings", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00262-00144443-00144906": ". In fact", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00263-00144906-00145646": ", I later reflected on myself to see if the biblical basis violated the truth", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00264-00145646-00146600": ". Although the Old Testament also mentioned that men should not wear earrings, but the times are constantly changing. If", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00265-00146600-00147613": "some things are not too contrary to the truth", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00266-00147613-00148266": ", I will adjust it myself. Don’t be so stupid, accept some things , do n’t", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00267-00148266-00149070": "worry, don’t be too gay, of course you can’t, there are big right and wrong, but if some things are not contrary to the truth of the Bible,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00268-00149070-00149673": "we have to use wisdom to accept and tolerate it.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00269-00149673-00150000": "Seven disciples went fishing.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00270-00150000-00150303": "Who", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00271-00150303-00150843": "is the leader? Peter, Simon Peter", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00272-00150843-00151600": ". I want to ask everyone, do you object to them going fishing", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00273-00151600-00152323": "? Yes, you want to eat what you want", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00274-00152323-00152893": ". In fact, it’s okay to go fishing. You don’t need to bring money to follow Jesus", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00275-00152893-00153200": "before", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00276-00153200-00154800": ", but this time it’s different. In fact, we also think it’s OK. We also want to make money. Do you have the impression that they are professionals? It’s unlucky to not be able to catch fish after a whole night of fishing Professional", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00277-00154800-00155670": "Lord Jesus passer-by A far away said you try to cast the net with your right hand", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00278-00155670-00156400": ", how many fish did you catch? Seriously ask the 153 answers in the game Article 153 is also very close and powerful.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00279-00156400-00156940": "It really reminds Peter of the day when Jesus called the Lord, leave me, I am a sinner", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00280-00156940-00157926": ". This is the place where the Lord called him. Another lesson we learn this time is to give others a chance", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00281-00157926-00158606": ", to them There are second chances sometimes our children or our family members will offend us too", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00282-00158606-00159600": "Don’t go so hard We also have to forgive and give them a chance to change Don’t look at these 11 disciples who were flying like dogs before they were scared", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00283-00159600-00160606": "but when the Holy Spirit is filled Afterwards, they really changed. They were very powerful, capable, and bold.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00284-00160606-00161200": "Peter went to preach and 3,000 people believed in the Lord and 5,000 people believed", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00285-00161200-00161863": "in the Lord. The Lord Jesus prepared breakfast for Peter and the seven men after fishing. This is", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00286-00161863-00162206": "a very", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00287-00162206-00162523": "warm passage.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00288-00162523-00163220": "I really like to watch.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00289-00163220-00164346": "The Lord Jesus prepared breakfast for our disciples . Did the Lord Jesus prepare breakfast for you? Did the Lord prepare lunch, dinner, and supper for you? Was every meal given by the Lord?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00290-00164346-00164903": "There are more labors because it is God’s grace. God is very", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00291-00164903-00165213": "faithful. We have learned to tithe since we were young", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00292-00165213-00166000": ". The Lord Jesus is very faithful. Of course, we don’t want to make a small fortune without making a big fortune.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00293-00166000-00166583": "It’s not", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00294-00166583-00167486": "like this. We don’t want to do this. We are very simple to love God and give to us how much the Father has given us. Don’t be so nervous", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00295-00167486-00167930": ". The Lord Jesus provided for the needs of the seven disciples", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00296-00167930-00168766": "and did not blame them. The Lord Jesus was very patient in discipleship training", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00297-00168766-00169200": ". The Lord Jesus reminded Peter specifically", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00298-00169200-00169903": "Give him individual instructions and finally exhort Peter, do you love me?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00299-00169903-00170293": "The Lord Jesus also asked you today how much you love the Lord Jesus.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00300-00170293-00170800": "He said three more times, Lord, you know that I love you", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00301-00170800-00171183": ". The Lord Jesus didn’t seem to receive much. He asked again and again.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00302-00171183-00171820": "If you read the original text and said different words, what’s the difference?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00303-00171820-00172616": "Degree of love Actually, Peter was a little sad in his heart, but Peter was also very gossip", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00304-00172616-00173313": ". After he finished speaking, the Lord Jesus said that in the future someone will take you to a place you don’t want to go.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00305-00173313-00174000": "He asked that person how he was pointing at John", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00306-00174000-00174503": ". The Lord Jesus said mind your business Don’t take care of yourself so much in advance.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00307-00174503-00175386": "The Lord Jesus gave Simon Peter a chance and God used him greatly", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00308-00175386-00175880": ". We also need to give our brothers and sisters a chance. Of course, we are not appeasing him. It", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00309-00175880-00176750": "’s not that he did something wrong. We need to encourage him and make him rise up again to serve the Lord", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00310-00176750-00177030": ". Sometimes we There are highs and lows in the journey of faith.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00311-00177030-00177496": "Sometimes we have our own emotional elements", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00312-00177496-00177986": ". Our emotions make us weak in faith", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00313-00177986-00178576": ". Sometimes we make mistakes but the Lord Jesus set a good example", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00314-00178576-00178800": ". Okay, then come", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00315-00178800-00179323": "on When is the eighth time? It is the time of the Great Commission.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00316-00179323-00179726": "If", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00317-00179726-00180400": "you look at Chapter 15 of 1 Corinthians, we know that how many people did Paul sue?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00318-00180400-00181456": "Show it to more than 500 brothers, and then show it to James , so", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00319-00181456-00182000": "here, so this Jacob is the next time", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00320-00182000-00182516": ", the ninth time, so let’s pay attention to the Great Commission. In fact,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00321-00182516-00182813": "the Great Commission mentioned here is very simple", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00322-00182813-00183806": ". If we look at it, one sentence is actually just a verb. You are going to do discipleship training", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00323-00183806-00184413": ", that is, to lead people to be disciples. This is a verb", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00324-00184413-00185200": ". By what method? The third method is that you go to the first place. It seems that we go to Thailand.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00325-00185200-00185843": "It is not that everyone has to go so far. In fact, in Hong Kong", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00326-00185843-00186263": ", we have Many relatives and friends can be visited by us if we take a ride.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00327-00186263-00186910": "Second , besides going there, we need to baptize them. The meaning of baptism", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00328-00186910-00187453": "is that this group of people should have a spiritual family", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00329-00187453-00187696": "and be Christians", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00330-00187696-00188676": "together in this family. To make them grow thirdly, teach them to obey everything I have commanded you to make disciples", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00331-00188676-00189216": "through these three things . In fact, the first is whether you have discovered it", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00332-00189216-00189723": ". The Great Commission does not mean that you are going to preach the gospel He", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00333-00189723-00190180": "didn’t ask you to preach the gospel. Spreading the gospel is an inevitable stage.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00335-00190730-00191066": "The ultimate goal is to be", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00336-00191066-00191600": "a disciple. First of all, we must be disciples ourselves. So", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00337-00191600-00192153": "the fifth point reminds us that we must be disciples. Disciple training disciples", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00338-00192153-00192596": ", first of all, we must be the Lord’s disciples. What is discipleship?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00339-00192596-00193200": "I will learn what the master teaches. I will do what the master does. We", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00340-00193200-00194013": "must work hard. We must be disciplined to do Disciple. We must be disciplined.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00342-00194800-00195460": "We really need to work hard to learn the truth", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00343-00195460-00195780": "and we also need to work hard to teach the truth", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00344-00195780-00196290": ". We hope that Tuen Mun Church will become a place to train disciples", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00345-00196290-00196580": ", so we will continue to be disciples of the Lord", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00346-00196580-00197270": ". The Lord promises to be with you until the end of the world.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00347-00197270-00198070": "The last time we will be Acts 1:3-8 The Lord Jesus has ascended to heaven. Is it the last time? Is it the last time?", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00348-00198070-00198586": "So this reminds us that we must rely on the Holy Spirit to testify", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00349-00198586-00199066": "for the resurrected Christ. Relying on the Holy Spirit is not relying on ourselves", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00350-00199066-00199800": ", relying on the power of the Holy Spirit To testify to the resurrected", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00351-00199800-00200286": "Christ is our mission in life. This is the purpose of the existence of Tuen Mun Church", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00352-00200286-00200876": ". The purpose of the existence of the church is to fulfill the Great Commission.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00353-00200876-00201280": "It is not for our personal future dreams", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00354-00201280-00201846": ", but for us to let go of our little dreams", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00355-00201846-00202233": "and fulfill our heavenly Father.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00356-00202233-00202950": "My dream is looking forward to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus today", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00357-00202950-00203473": ". It reminds us once again that we must imitate Mary Magdalene", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00358-00203473-00204600": "and follow the Lord Jesus faithfully. Follow the way to the end and", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00359-00204600-00205269": "never deviate from it, no matter", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00360-00205269-00205666": "what the circumstances are. All good, let", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00361-00205666-00206146": "us not doubt God, we must be faithful to be a disciple of the Lord", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00362-00206146-00206530": ", second, we must learn to accompany the brothers and sisters around us,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00363-00206530-00206923": "accept some brothers and sisters with weak faith or other weaknesses", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00364-00206923-00207950": ", we must accompany them through some valleys in life, and we must also learn to give Opportunity", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00365-00207950-00208623": "We are going to make disciples ourselves first to make disciples of others", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00366-00208623-00209169": "and finally we are going to be witnesses of the Risen Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit Let", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00367-00209169-00209800": "us pray together Lord help us", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00368-00209800-00210310": "to make our own disciples first", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00369-00210310-00210676": "Lord us Sometimes there is no discipline", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00370-00210676-00211643": "We read the Bible Sometimes we may not have a plan We ask You to help us", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00371-00211643-00212253": "give us a willing heart We decide to follow You", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00372-00212253-00212660": "We will do what You do You have compassion for people", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00373-00212660-00213200": "We do the same Have mercy on others We ask You to help us", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00374-00213200-00213660": "to spread the Gospel You are also a disciple-maker", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00375-00213660-00214136": "Help us to be faithful to follow You no matter the circumstances", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00376-00214136-00214650": "Lord let us not doubt You You are the greatest Lord let us be willing", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00377-00214650-00215436": "whether it is good or bad We are all willing to", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00378-00215436-00215886": "follow the Lord until we are old and never deviate.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00379-00215886-00216400": "May the Lord help us and be willing to accompany the brothers and sisters around us. Lord, I know that there are many brothers and sisters in Tuen Mun Church who really need someone to accompany them", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00380-00216400-00216906": "to go through certain stages. They need brothers and sisters.", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00381-00216906-00217303": "Support,", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00382-00217303-00217890": "give them a hand so that they can cross this hurdle. May the Lord help us to accept each other as a family and have opportunities for each other. Let others learn", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00383-00217890-00218426": "to be disciples of the Lord. With the power of the Holy Spirit", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00384-00218426-00218736": ", we, Tuen Mun Church, will go together in this area", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00385-00218736-00219280": "for resurrection. Testimonies of Christ Pray in the holy name of the Lord Jesus Christ Amen", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00386-00219280-00219843": "Thanks", "3ZDCL8iL_Y4-00387-00219843-00220593": "for watching Subscribe"}}, {"audio_id": "3ZXLybRUdP0", "text": {"3ZXLybRUdP0-00001-00000300-00000556": "Chunri Chunri", "3ZXLybRUdP0-00003-00001298-00001586": "Salman Khan", "3ZXLybRUdP0-00005-00001902-00002249": "Sushmita Sen", "3ZXLybRUdP0-00007-00002655-00002755": "Bollywood", "3ZXLybRUdP0-00008-00002851-00003015": "Miss Universe 1994"}}, {"audio_id": "3a3zn6bOgYU", "text": {"3a3zn6bOgYU-00000-00000200-00000500": "Welcome to the Spoken tutorial on LibreOffice Base.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00001-00000600-00002300": "In this tutorial, we will learn how to create simple queries using the Query wizard Select fields Set the sorting order of the fields And provide search criteria or conditions for a query", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00002-00002400-00002800": "Let us first learn what a query is.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00003-00002900-00003500": "A Query can be used to get specific information from a database.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00004-00003600-00004700": "In other words, we can \"query\" the database for some data that matches a given criteria.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00005-00004800-00005500": "For example, let us consider our familiar Library database example.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00006-00005600-00006300": "We have stored information about books and members in our Library database.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00007-00006400-00007100": "Now we can query the Library database for all the members of the Library.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00008-00007200-00008000": "Or we can query the database for all the books that are not in the Library.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00009-00008100-00008900": "Let us see how we can create a simple query using Base.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00010-00009000-00010300": "our example is to list all the members of the Library along with their phone numbers.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00011-00010400-00011000": "We are in the Library database. You probably know how to open this by now.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00012-00011100-00011600": "Let us click on the Queries icon on the left panel.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00013-00011700-00012200": "On the right panel, we see three options.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00014-00012300-00013000": "Since we are creating a simple query first, we will choose an easy and fast method.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00015-00013100-00013600": "And that is by using a Query Wizard.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00016-00013700-00014700": "For creating complex queries, Base provides us with very handy options such as 'Create Query in Design View'", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00017-00014800-00015500": "and 'Create Query in SQL view', which we will learn about later.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00018-00015600-00016200": "For now, let us click on 'Use Wizard to Create Query'.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00019-00016300-00016900": "Now, we see a popup window that says Query Wizard on the top.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00020-00017000-00017600": "On the left, we see 8 steps that we will go through.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00021-00017700-00018200": "We are in Step 1 - 'Field Selection'.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00022-00018300-00019000": "On the right side, we will see a drop down box underneath the label Tables.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00023-00019100-00020000": "This is where we will select the source of the data that we need from this query.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00024-00020100-00021400": "Since our example query is about getting a list of all the members of the Library, we will click on the Tables: Members from the drop down box.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00025-00021500-00022900": "Now, let us double click on the 'Name' field in the Available fields list on the left and move it to the list box on the right.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00026-00023000-00023900": "Next, let us click on the 'Phone' field on the left and move it to the right.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00027-00024000-00024800": "Note that to move all the fields to the right we can use the double arrow button that points to the right.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00028-00024900-00025400": "Now let us click on the Next button at the bottom.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00029-00025500-00025900": "Now we are in Step 2 - Sorting Order.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00030-00026000-00026900": "Since the result of our query is a list of members and their phone numbers, we can leave this as is,", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00031-00027000-00027500": "Or we can order the list by member names.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00032-00027600-00028400": "The Base Wizard, allows us to sort upto 4 fields in the result list at a time.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00033-00028500-00029000": "For now, let us click on the top most drop down box,", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00034-00029100-00029400": "And click on Members.Name.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00035-00029500-00030200": "We can also choose if we want to sort the names in ascending or descending order.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00036-00030300-00030600": "Let us click on the Ascending option.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00037-00030700-00031000": "And proceed to the next step.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00038-00031100-00031500": "Step 3 - Search Conditions.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00039-00031600-00032100": "This step will help if we want to limit our result set to some conditions.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00040-00032200-00033300": "For example, we can limit the result set to only those members, whose name starts with the alphabet R.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00041-00033400-00034400": "For this, we will click on the Fields drop down box and then click on Members.Name.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00042-00034500-00035000": "Now, click on the Condition drop down box.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00043-00035100-00035700": "Notice the various conditions here;", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00044-00035800-00036100": "Let us click on 'Like'.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00045-00036200-00037200": "In the Value text box, let us type in ‘capital R’ and a ‘percentage symbol’.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00046-00037300-00038100": "This is how we can introduce simple and complex conditions into our query.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00047-00038200-00039600": "Let us now delete the 'R%' from the value text box to list all the members and click on the Next button.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00048-00039700-00040200": "Please note that we have skipped to Step 7.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00049-00040300-00041000": "This is because we are creating a simple query from a single table.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00050-00041100-00041600": "And our query will return details and not summaries.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00051-00041700-00042400": "Summary queries show data from aggregate functions and by grouping.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00052-00042500-00043200": "Some examples are count of all the members, or sum of the prices of all the books.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00053-00043300-00043600": "We will learn about these later.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00054-00043700-00044200": "Okay, now here, let us set aliases;", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00055-00044300-00045100": "Meaning, let us provide friendly and descriptive labels or headers in the resulting list.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00056-00045200-00046500": "So the 'Name' field can have an alias as 'Member Name' and the 'Phone' field can have an alias as 'Phone Number'.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00057-00046600-00047600": "So let us type in these new aliases in the two text boxes and click on the Next button.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00058-00047700-00048200": "Now we are in Step 8 - the final step.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00059-00048300-00048800": "Here let us give a nice descriptive name to our simple query.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00060-00048900-00049900": "Let us type in 'List of all members and their phone numbers' against the 'Name of the Query’ label.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00061-00050000-00050600": "Now notice that we see an overview of our choices in the wizard.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00062-00050700-00051000": "And how do we want to proceed from here?", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00063-00051100-00052000": "Let us click on the 'Display Query' option on the top right side and  click on the Finish button.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00064-00052100-00053100": "The wizard window has closed and there is a new window whose title says, 'List of all members and their phone numbers'.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00065-00053200-00054300": "Notice that we see all the four members that we originally entered in the Members table along with their phone numbers.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00066-00054400-00055200": "Also, we see that, this list is arranged alphabetically in ascending order.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00067-00055300-00055700": "So this is our first simple query.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00068-00055800-00056000": "Here is an assignment.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00069-00056100-00056700": "Create a query that will list all the Books in ascending order.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00070-00056800-00057000": "Include all fields.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00071-00057100-00057700": "Name it as ‘List of all books in the Library’.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00072-00057800-00058400": "This brings us to the end of this tutorial on Creating Queries using Wizard in LibreOffice Base", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00073-00058500-00059900": "To summarize, we learned how to : Create simple queries using,the Query wizard Select fields,Set the sorting order of the fields,And provide search criteria or conditions for a query.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00074-00060000-00061100": "Spoken Tutorial Project is a part of the Talk to a Teacher project, supported by the National Mission on Education through ICT, MHRD, Government of India.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00075-00061200-00061600": "This project is co-ordinated by http://spoken-tutorial.org.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00076-00061700-00062100": "More information on the same is available at the following link.", "3a3zn6bOgYU-00077-00062200-00062700": "This script has been contributed by Priya Suresh, DesiCrew Solutiions. And this is soundharya, DesiCrew Solutions, signing off.  Thanks for joining"}}, {"audio_id": "3a4px-fOzNE", "text": {"3a4px-fOzNE-00000-00000000-00000468": "did you know there are actually four Oricorio forms in Pokemon scarlet and violet here's how", "3a4px-fOzNE-00001-00000468-00000894": "to get them all the fire flying Oricorio is easy to get and is right by Artazon and the electric", "3a4px-fOzNE-00002-00000894-00001428": "flying Oricorio is in the South Province area one but the psychic flying and ghost-flying ones are", "3a4px-fOzNE-00003-00001428-00001932": "not in the wild to get them head over to Delibird shop in mesogoza and purchase the pink nectar and", "3a4px-fOzNE-00004-00001932-00002394": "purple nectar after that just go to your items select the nectar and click on the Oricorio you", "3a4px-fOzNE-00005-00002394-00002784": "want to transform subscribe because you now know how to get them all and you can tell someone"}}, {"audio_id": "3a7l_WGP79c", "text": {"3a7l_WGP79c-00000-00000600-00001060": "In previous decades, most countries experienced growing access to homeownership.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00001-00001060-00001531": "While rising homeownership was driven by individual preferences and improved economic capacity,", "3a7l_WGP79c-00002-00001531-00002275": "it also reflected a growing emphasis on self-­reliance alongside declining welfare state support.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00003-00002275-00002724": "In this context, buying your own home was not only a marker of adulthood independence,", "3a7l_WGP79c-00004-00002724-00003012": "it was also key to household economic security.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00005-00003020-00003653": "In recent years, however, housing market entry has been progressively undermined, with young", "3a7l_WGP79c-00006-00003653-00004090": "adults in particular finding it increasingly difficult to buy a home of their own.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00007-00004090-00004523": "In these contexts, our research on the HOUWEL project asks...", "3a7l_WGP79c-00008-00004523-00004814": "What factors are undermining entry to homeownership?", "3a7l_WGP79c-00009-00004814-00005086": "and how are these transformations in housing contributing", "3a7l_WGP79c-00010-00005086-00005278": "to growing inequalities?", "3a7l_WGP79c-00011-00005278-00005667": "The answers lie in crucial changes in labour and housing markets.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00012-00005667-00006000": "Firstly, employment conditions have worsened over recent decades,", "3a7l_WGP79c-00013-00006000-00006433": "– eroding the pool of well­paid, stable jobs needed for home purchase.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00014-00006433-00006940": "Looking across European countries, this is demonstrated by increasing shares in temporary", "3a7l_WGP79c-00015-00006940-00007138": "and part­-time employment.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00016-00007138-00007561": "Young people, especially, have faced diminished opportunities, with a shrinking proportion", "3a7l_WGP79c-00017-00007561-00007950": "in employment and a growing share on very low incomes.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00018-00008380-00008885": "Secondly, before the crisis, access to mortgage credit helped mask these labour market changes", "3a7l_WGP79c-00019-00008885-00009109": "and allowed continued home purchase for many.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00020-00009109-00009675": "However, the 2008 crash put an end to easy credit and further eroded job prospects", "3a7l_WGP79c-00021-00009675-00010134": "Our study has revealed stark changes in housing trajectories, with a pattern of decline in", "3a7l_WGP79c-00022-00010136-00010630": "homeownership across many European countries and new alignments in housing careers.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00023-00010700-00011274": "On the one hand, growing shares of young adults are staying on in the parental home.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00024-00011274-00011660": "Including boomerang returns of those who were already independent.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00025-00011660-00012010": "In some countries, large increases in young people renting ­ - and for longer", "3a7l_WGP79c-00026-00012070-00012370": "has supported the idea of a ‘Generation Rent’.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00027-00012370-00012750": "Increasingly, young people are also sharing rental homes out of economic necessity.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00028-00012810-00013540": "While some young people continue to buy homes, they often do so dependent on family support, where available.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00029-00013580-00014206": "Moreover, these new transitions have reflected and amplified socioeconomic inequalities.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00030-00014206-00014658": "This is best revealed in our research on British housing wealth distributions.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00031-00014658-00015157": "Even before the crisis, the richest 10% of the population in terms of housing, held about", "3a7l_WGP79c-00032-00015157-00015628": "30 times more wealth in their homes than the poorest half put together.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00033-00015628-00016166": "Since then, this has risen to over 35 times more.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00034-00016166-00016575": "For young adults, the share of housing wealth has both sharply decreased", "3a7l_WGP79c-00035-00016576-00016890": "and become more unequally distributed", "3a7l_WGP79c-00036-00016910-00017495": "Fundamentally, the HOUWEL research reveals breakdowns in traditional housing ladders.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00037-00017495-00018090": "As young people have faced barriers in labour and housing markets, we see both growing socio­economic inequalities", "3a7l_WGP79c-00038-00018090-00018605": "between generations and widening divides among young people.", "3a7l_WGP79c-00039-00018605-00019127": "Where mass homeownership was once seen as a means of widespread economic security,", "3a7l_WGP79c-00040-00019127-00019700": "What of a future where a growing sector of the population appears shut out from the housing market?"}}, {"audio_id": "3ah4qYwUm_k", "text": {"3ah4qYwUm_k-00000-00000600-00001008": "hey everyone drew with geoarm and i am back to talk to you about the honeywell", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00001-00001008-00002016": "home pro series pro a7 and pro a7 plus panels and how to get the honeywell home pro series pro 6", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00002-00002016-00002624": "ct encrypted wireless door window contact enrolled into the panel now this is pretty easy to do here", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00003-00002688-00003072": "what we're going to do is uh before even getting started on this you need to verify", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00004-00003072-00003647": "that your firmware is the up-to-date version that allows for on-site programming if you do not have", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00005-00003647-00004088": "your firmware updated you will need to get your firmware updated prior to being able to do this", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00006-00004088-00004480": "so give us a call we'll get you activated we'll get the firmware updated and then from there", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00007-00004480-00004824": "you'll be able to do this so the first thing we're going to do here is we're going to go ahead and", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00008-00004824-00005368": "get into our programming menu by pressing the menu button at the bottom here scrolling down to tools", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00009-00005632-00006016": "enter your installer code which mine is the factory code of 4112.", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00010-00006128-00006336": "once you're in there you're going to go into programming", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00011-00006448-00006864": "it'll say entering programming mode and then you'll see a brand new menu up here", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00012-00006864-00007359": "what we're going to do is we're going to go into peripherals this is where the zones are going to", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00013-00007359-00007856": "be programmed this is uh the exact location so just make sure you see peripherals here then go", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00014-00007856-00008360": "ahead and hit the plus sign now at this point it does want you to enroll the device so what", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00015-00008360-00008832": "i found is you just want to pop the cover on it you'll see the green light blinking fast there", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00016-00008888-00009464": "if you do see that right now and once that is done it'll go solid for a moment and then you'll see it", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00017-00009464-00010456": "learn in on the panel itself there it goes all right and that is how you learn in that contact", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00018-00010456-00010888": "so what we're gonna do now is we'll go ahead and we'll get it edited and adjusted to your specs", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00019-00010944-00011472": "so you see it is enrolled six contact it gives the mac address you can go ahead and verify that", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00020-00011472-00011816": "that mac address matches by reading the mac address which is located right here", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00021-00011944-00012264": "okay then what we're going to do is we're going to choose", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00022-00012264-00012944": "what what this device's responsibility is so this is going to be a a read switch device here", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00023-00013319-00013680": "and you can also change it to external i'm sorry i didn't even speak on that but you can change", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00024-00013680-00014136": "it to an external device if you wanted to wire an external contact to this you can definitely", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00025-00014136-00014560": "do that this one i'm just going to leave as a read switch we'll go ahead and we'll name the", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00026-00014560-00015024": "zone so zone descriptor 1 i'll go ahead and i'll put in front as you can see it populates there", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00027-00015184-00015736": "then i'll put in for descriptor 2 i'll put inside and then you can just choose that from there", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00028-00015736-00016191": "save it okay the device type i'm going to leave this as a door but this like i said", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00029-00016191-00016504": "can also be several other things it could be a window garage door", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00030-00016592-00017288": "any kind of of device except for you know motion etc etc but door window i'm gonna go ahead and", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00031-00017288-00017856": "set this as a door and we can do this as a delay type which would be entry exit one or we can do", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00032-00017856-00018424": "this as an instant type which would be perimeter it's up to you there's also a an additional delay", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00033-00018424-00018912": "if you were trying to vary delay times but in this case i'm going to leave it as entry exit 1.", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00034-00019064-00019664": "this is where you you spec it out here so supervised we do want it supervised we do want the", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00035-00019664-00020168": "alarm to report so if this does go off we do want it reporting and then you can choose what kind of", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00036-00020168-00020704": "chime it does so it'll do standard melody melody long ascend there's all kinds of different ones", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00037-00020776-00021440": "i'm just going to go ahead and choose the standard one at this point it has been learned in and your", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00038-00021440-00021744": "all the programming is correct here so you're just going to go ahead and press", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00039-00021744-00022176": "either save and add another if you want if you're wanting to add another zone or you just hit save", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00040-00022176-00022624": "in my case i'm going to hit save because i don't have anything else to program so it does learn", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00041-00022624-00023048": "there you can see strength of it and everything there we're gonna go ahead and hit the back arrow", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00042-00023048-00023528": "all the way out of programming so that we can test this device so it does have a tamper on it right", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00043-00023528-00024192": "now because i do not have the back plate on it so that'll go ahead and get that cleared out here", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00044-00024704-00025384": "okay", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00045-00025672-00025983": "sorry i forgot i changed it to four three two one so now we'll", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00046-00025983-00026288": "go ahead and we'll check this thing out it should be responsive to us now", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00047-00026664-00027416": "okay then we'll close it and you see that it's ready try it again all right ladies and gentlemen", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00048-00027416-00028144": "that is how you program in the pro 6 ct encrypted wireless door window contact from honeywell home", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00049-00028144-00028808": "into the pro series pro a7 or pro a7 plus panels if you guys have any questions or", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00050-00028808-00029176": "any comments please leave them below other than that take care and have a great day", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00051-00029352-00029872": "make sure to subscribe to our youtube page and click the show more tab underneath the", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00052-00029872-00030272": "video where you can view valuable links pertaining to this product", "3ah4qYwUm_k-00053-00030336-00030920": "similar how-to videos and our low-cost no contract alarm monitoring services"}}, {"audio_id": "3awCaQbA6LU", "text": {"3awCaQbA6LU-00000-00000075-00000206": "Hi, everyone.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00001-00000206-00000803": "Today we're going to have a sneak peek into a Norwegian woman's handbag and", "3awCaQbA6LU-00002-00000819-00001290": "bathroom cabinets. You know, that's a private zone", "3awCaQbA6LU-00003-00001306-00002057": "And we have been granted exclusive access to a typical Norwegian woman's private", "3awCaQbA6LU-00004-00002057-00002810": "life, kind of, and we're going to research the things that we find there and see if they", "3awCaQbA6LU-00005-00002810-00003486": "can explain Norway, like it is now, you know, because different small things.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00006-00003486-00004034": "I'm not sure all of you and many of you have a handbag and bathroom cabinets.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00007-00004034-00004237": "So now you can compare.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00008-00004237-00004528": "I don't think she's home.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00009-00004528-00004628": "And we", "3awCaQbA6LU-00010-00004628-00004792": "Are you doing a break in?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00011-00004792-00004916": "No, actually.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00012-00005090-00005189": "We have it.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00013-00005189-00005289": "We have it for ourself.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00014-00005289-00005614": "She's not home, but she knows that we are here.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00015-00005614-00005760": "And you might ask why?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00016-00005760-00005987": "Why a woman's handbag?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00017-00005987-00006219": "Why bathroom cabinets?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00018-00006219-00006845": "Well, you know, in Norway, equality among sexes is one of the most the most important", "3awCaQbA6LU-00019-00006845-00006976": "principles.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00020-00006976-00007537": "So this woman: she's 45 years old, she has a child that is 10 years old.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00021-00007537-00007759": "This is her apartment.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00022-00007759-00008003": "And she is in a relationship with thefather.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00023-00008003-00008276": "But of course they don't live together.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00024-00008276-00008714": "So here she lives alone with a kid and sometimes the father comes and visit.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00025-00008714-00008974": "And he has another apartment in another place.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00026-00008974-00009074": "This is Norway.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00027-00009074-00009449": "So that's why we are doing just this.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00028-00009449-00009661": "But why isn't she here??", "3awCaQbA6LU-00029-00009661-00009925": "I have children and I am Norwegian", "3awCaQbA6LU-00030-00009925-00010313": "Are you the most typical Norwegian ever found?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00031-00010313-00010573": "Maybe, quite typical.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00032-00010573-00010861": "I don't like filming at all.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00033-00010861-00011110": "It have to be anonymous.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00034-00011110-00011251": "Yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00035-00011251-00011409": "You hate this situation?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00036-00011409-00011520": "Yes.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00037-00011520-00011657": "I get so stiff.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00038-00011657-00011884": "She is very typical Norwegian.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00039-00011884-00012093": "She works as a school nurse.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00040-00012093-00012603": "And eh absolutely typical Norwegian.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00041-00012603-00012989": "Now for the peak.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00042-00012989-00013344": "Okay, are you ready guys?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00043-00013344-00013826": "This is ... I feel that I'm intruding the private sphere here you know, I'm Norwegian.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00044-00013826-00014166": "But we have been granted access.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00045-00014166-00014350": "So this is her purse.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00046-00014350-00014581": "And .. he he", "3awCaQbA6LU-00047-00014581-00014829": "You see it right away?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00048-00014829-00015401": "Many of you, probably girls or women, that you will ask is that her purse?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00049-00015401-00015578": "Is this a purse?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00050-00015578-00015859": "And yes, it's a purse.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00051-00015859-00016163": "And it's a very sporty purse.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00052-00016163-00016282": "You see?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00053-00016282-00016425": "No gutchi?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00054-00016425-00016574": "No Gucci this is Fjellräven", "3awCaQbA6LU-00055-00016574-00017343": "you know, a typical a Norwegian sport ... It is Swedish, of course.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00056-00017343-00017728": "But it's a sport outdoorsy brand.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00057-00017728-00017828": "Athleisure", "3awCaQbA6LU-00058-00017828-00017928": "And yeah,", "3awCaQbA6LU-00059-00017928-00018028": "you know athleisure.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00060-00018028-00018251": "So she is a part of the trend.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00061-00018251-00018445": "She's showing off that she's sporty.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00062-00018445-00018783": "She's not showing off her functionality or flex.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00063-00018783-00019215": "You know that this is, you know, a mother in Norway, she has to be prepared for a lot", "3awCaQbA6LU-00064-00019215-00019342": "of stuff.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00065-00019342-00019681": "So this is a functional handbag for her.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00066-00019681-00019883": "But actually, I think it's kind of cool.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00067-00019883-00020011": "And it's almost unisex.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00068-00020011-00020583": "I mean, you could have had it as a boy too. Okay, are you ready to see?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00069-00020583-00021189": "Just a second ... Have you never heard about not looking into a womans bag?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00070-00021189-00021621": "Of course, I've heard that this is a research purpose.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00071-00021621-00021762": "This is SCIENCE.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00072-00021762-00022367": "Scientific, we're going to analyze and reveal Norway through this.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00073-00022367-00022990": "So yes, I have heard it and yes, I respect their private spare sphere and borders.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00074-00022990-00023120": "But this is research.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00075-00023120-00023426": "Let's start with this here.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00076-00023426-00023659": "And what do we find here?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00077-00023659-00024076": "Okay, here we find moisturizing cream.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00078-00024076-00024414": "This is also a Swedish brand of course.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00079-00024414-00024643": "And this is very typical for Norway.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00080-00024643-00024759": "No perfume.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00081-00024759-00024875": "No!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00082-00024875-00025322": "It's for really dry and sensitive skin.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00083-00025322-00025925": "Norwegians we are not found of too intense smells.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00084-00025925-00026549": "And we ... most of the creams and stuff we buy are perfume free, actually.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00085-00026549-00026649": "Paraben free", "3awCaQbA6LU-00086-00026649-00026838": "And she's got a car.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00087-00026838-00027177": "Typical! This girl gots her own car.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00088-00027177-00027277": "Okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00089-00027277-00027872": "Oh, look, a smart carkeese here.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00090-00027872-00028819": "Easy to ...This is also typical, flexible, pragmatic solution to that everlasting \"Where", "3awCaQbA6LU-00091-00028819-00029057": "are my keys\" problems.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00092-00029057-00029157": "Very typical.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00093-00029157-00029450": "Okay, what do we have here?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00094-00029450-00029550": "A pad.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00095-00029550-00029963": "Off course it's Apple, off course an iPad.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00096-00029963-00030266": "Because Norway - we are an App ...", "3awCaQbA6LU-00097-00030266-00030602": "We are an Apple country, actually.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00098-00030602-00030825": "It's our favorite brand.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00099-00030825-00031241": "And it's one of the biggest brand and this is actually what we spend a lot of money on.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00100-00031241-00031758": "Not on food. Not, absolutely not, on quality food, but on quality electronic.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00101-00031758-00031944": "So very typical.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00102-00031944-00032575": "Okay, here we have a drink of drinking bottle, because she's got a son.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00103-00032575-00032675": "So he needs", "3awCaQbA6LU-00104-00032675-00032878": "She's always prepared?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00105-00032878-00033301": "Of course you have to be prepared you have to need water.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00106-00033301-00033936": "Aaand okay band aid in case her son", "3awCaQbA6LU-00107-00033936-00034036": "gets injured.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00108-00034036-00034152": "Really important.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00109-00034152-00034521": "Okay, so that's ... I think this is mandatory.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00110-00034521-00035094": "And of course she's got the Matpakke, in case they get hungry.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00111-00035094-00035282": "You always carry one.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00112-00035282-00035924": "And this is kind of a high quality, because it's plastic wrapping and not the wax paper.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00113-00035924-00036044": "Levelled up?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00114-00036044-00036144": "Absolutely.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00115-00036144-00036913": "And speaking about Matpakke ... Yeah, you can see here ... This is from our merch shop.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00116-00036913-00037299": "And so if you follow the link up there or down in the description - you can see some", "3awCaQbA6LU-00117-00037299-00037827": "of the other stuff we have there. I'm quite I kind of liked this one was I think it was", "3awCaQbA6LU-00118-00037827-00038014": "suited me.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00119-00038014-00038118": "Ok.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00120-00038118-00038496": "Ok, and then well, of course, you can get a headache.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00121-00038496-00039311": "A lot of walking outdoorsy, not too much sun though, but you need some Paracet or Paracetamol.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00122-00039311-00039702": "Okay. a tennis ball.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00123-00039702-00039875": "Probably.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00124-00039875-00040373": "Does she have a boy or a dog?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00125-00040373-00040497": "I am not sure.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00126-00040497-00040622": "I know what she has.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00127-00040622-00040722": "Yeah, I know too.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00128-00040722-00040938": "Okay, chewing gum, a lot of chewing gum.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00129-00040938-00041038": "Of course.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00130-00041038-00041138": "Everything is sugar free.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00131-00041138-00041384": "Sugar is a no no.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00132-00041384-00041561": "At least when you're a mother.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00133-00041561-00041788": "Okay, here we have.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00134-00041788-00042275": "Okay, this is okay, of course.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00135-00042275-00042475": "parabens free.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00136-00042475-00042697": "Is this is her ... this is her lipstick.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00137-00042697-00042816": "Okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00138-00042816-00043053": "Yeah, okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00139-00043053-00043172": "Yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00140-00043172-00043502": "No, she's got some fancy cream here.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00141-00043502-00043940": "Elizabeth Arden number eight I think?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00142-00043940-00044209": "I wonder if that's for the lips too?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00143-00044209-00044309": "What's this?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00144-00044309-00044650": "Now this,this probably is the more girly stuff.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00145-00044650-00044913": "Okay, this look like a wallet.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00146-00044913-00045013": "I start with this.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00147-00045013-00045282": "Yeah, this is a wallet.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00148-00045282-00045416": "Yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00149-00045416-00045856": "Yeah, this is for the public transportation", "3awCaQbA6LU-00150-00045856-00046053": "What's here?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00151-00046053-00046203": "Okay, this is a typical!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00152-00046203-00046547": "When she goes to the to the store.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00153-00046547-00046788": "Milk, cream, nuts, chocolate", "3awCaQbA6LU-00154-00046788-00046922": "Non Stop.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00155-00046922-00047078": "She's probably ... She loves to bake.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00156-00047078-00047335": "So she's probably going to make a cake.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00157-00047335-00047634": "We are more or less a cashless society.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00158-00047634-00048059": "So you don't need to bring a lot of cash when visiting Norway.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00159-00048059-00048759": "Just bring cards I mean, all the Nordic countries: very, very card and digital ...Digital payments", "3awCaQbA6LU-00160-00048759-00048993": "and card that's the rule.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00161-00048993-00049454": "What's in here?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00162-00049470-00049712": "This is SO invading!!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00163-00049726-00049894": "But it's resarch.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00164-00050002-00050102": "Okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00165-00050103-00050225": "Ehh ... nasal spray.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00166-00050225-00050325": "Okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00167-00050325-00050425": "- Nostril spray.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00168-00050425-00050525": "Nostril spray yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00169-00050525-00050625": "Okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00170-00050625-00050862": "Oh, a high end brand.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00171-00050862-00050962": "Finally.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00172-00050962-00051062": "YSL!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00173-00051062-00051261": "I'm not sure what that is.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00174-00051261-00051552": "Oh, yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00175-00051552-00051901": "At least some some makeup! Is it make up?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00176-00051901-00052082": "Yeah, I think this for the eyes.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00177-00052082-00052327": "Okay, so that we can put over there.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00178-00052327-00052427": "Oh!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00179-00052427-00052529": "What is this?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00180-00052529-00052911": "Okay, only mirror.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00181-00052911-00053038": "Okay,", "3awCaQbA6LU-00182-00053038-00053214": "more makeup.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00183-00053214-00053533": "A bit used.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00184-00053533-00053904": "I think this is very typical to a Norwegian.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00185-00053904-00054012": "Pencil?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00186-00054012-00054120": "What?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00187-00054120-00054227": "Yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00188-00054227-00054441": "Well, okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00189-00054441-00054616": "This is the makeup kit, I think.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00190-00054616-00055167": "So girls or women or also men; What do you carry around? Is this ...", "3awCaQbA6LU-00191-00055167-00055363": "Do you recognize this?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00192-00055363-00055725": "Can you identify with this kind of makeup stuff?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00193-00055725-00055976": "You know, we love all the things that you share with us.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00194-00055976-00056647": "So please subscribe and post your comments or stories or everything.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00195-00056647-00056835": "Thumbs up, thumbs down.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00196-00056835-00056935": "We love it.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00197-00056935-00057142": "Okay, there's one thing too.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00198-00057142-00057470": "I think this is for her periods.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00199-00057470-00057616": "A tampoon.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00200-00057616-00057732": "Or something like.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00201-00057732-00057980": "It was kind of, well, where do you put that?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00202-00057980-00058150": "Maybe over here.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00203-00058150-00058250": "And for nails?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00204-00058250-00058350": "I think okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00205-00058350-00058608": "Oh, I had some dirt under my nails.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00206-00058608-00058708": "So Yes.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00207-00058708-00058808": "Sorry.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00208-00058808-00058908": "I can't use it.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00209-00058908-00059058": "Yeah, so Okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00210-00059058-00059676": "This this is actually a typical woman's purse in Norway.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00211-00059676-00059937": "What do you think?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00212-00059937-00060048": "Can you identify?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00213-00060048-00060485": "Was this the things that you thought was going to be inside?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00214-00060485-00060791": "I think this kind of is Norway.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00215-00060791-00061175": "Practical, be prepared.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00216-00061175-00061494": "Be outdoorsy,", "3awCaQbA6LU-00217-00061494-00061704": "independant woman.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00218-00061704-00062262": "The most expensive things here are electronics.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00219-00062262-00062607": "When it comes to make up and stuff not so much.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00220-00062607-00062716": "Frugal make up.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00221-00062716-00062907": "Frugal makeup kit, actually!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00222-00062907-00063554": "Yeah, you know and sporty handbag with smart solutions.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00223-00063554-00063670": "\"Nei\".", "3awCaQbA6LU-00224-00063670-00064074": "This is actually a typical, typical, typical.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00225-00064074-00064445": "I think this is kind of the picture of Norway if you see here.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00226-00064445-00064770": "And now: A Norwegian bathroom cabinet.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00227-00064770-00065255": "- You have a hang up on toilets?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00228-00065255-00065723": "Well, when it's a universal, at least that is a universal thing.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00229-00065723-00066237": "The girl or the woman living here she is a vintage beast, actually.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00230-00066237-00066337": "I know.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00231-00066337-00066719": "I known her for a long time and she knows her vintage.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00232-00066719-00067223": "So her bathroom cabinet (evil laughter)", "3awCaQbA6LU-00233-00067223-00067615": "is of course and all the ... What do you call this?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00234-00067615-00067819": "A box, in a way?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00235-00067819-00067963": "- A wooden box.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00236-00067963-00068302": "But this is more or less the same.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00237-00068302-00068502": "The toothpaste...", "3awCaQbA6LU-00238-00068502-00068818": "Also for sensitive. This is a sensitive!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00239-00068818-00069121": "We are very occupied with sensitive stuff.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00240-00069121-00069221": "- It's not feminine?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00241-00069221-00069350": "No, but this is Norway.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00242-00069350-00070111": "I mean actually the most the most sold products are without perfume.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00243-00070111-00070307": "But here guys (laughter)", "3awCaQbA6LU-00244-00070307-00070676": "this is really... this is Norwegian", "3awCaQbA6LU-00245-00070676-00071052": "skincare.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00246-00071052-00071782": "The original ... It's been here for 200 years, I think and actually this was used on cows", "3awCaQbA6LU-00247-00071782-00072123": "to make their ... I don't know the ...", "3awCaQbA6LU-00248-00072123-00072331": "- I will text it later (sorry - didn't)", "3awCaQbA6LU-00249-00072331-00072431": "It's called \"jur\".", "3awCaQbA6LU-00250-00072431-00072557": "\"Jur\" in Norwegian.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00251-00072557-00072911": "You know where the milk comes from?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00252-00072911-00073433": "And this was actually made for, to moisturize this area in a cow.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00253-00073433-00073602": "So you could milk it?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00254-00073602-00074339": "Yeah, and now it's the most sold skincare product, I think in Norway.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00255-00074339-00074538": "Without --- of course, no perfume.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00256-00074538-00075187": "It's called \"Spenol\". And you know a \"spene\" is one of those that do you get milk from!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00257-00075187-00075418": "So it's it's really strange.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00258-00075418-00076107": "It's a it's a skincare product with the name from cows breasts.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00259-00076107-00076681": "So, what we have here, okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00260-00076681-00076969": "Use toilet rolls.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00261-00076969-00077141": "Why?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00262-00077141-00077593": "Actually the kid in this family he wants them for a school project.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00263-00077593-00078301": "So she told me in advance that this is something she has to collect so that he can make something", "3awCaQbA6LU-00264-00078301-00078425": "later on from it.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00265-00078425-00078537": "- So this is interesting.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00266-00078537-00078823": "It's such a small bathroom.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00267-00078823-00079201": "And the priority is the kids stuff.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00268-00079201-00079770": "- But you know guys in Norway, kids have the main priority.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00269-00079770-00079958": "You know that by now don't you?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00270-00079958-00080213": "Okay, more empty toilet rolls.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00271-00080213-00080423": "Yeah, two drawers.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00272-00080423-00080985": "Okay, here's the washing machine, the powder  to the washing machine.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00273-00080985-00081266": "And okay, what's the brand name?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00274-00081266-00081404": "It's called \"Neutral\".", "3awCaQbA6LU-00275-00081404-00081605": "And why is it called \"Neutral\"?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00276-00081605-00082182": "Because there is no perfume and there's no color stuff added.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00277-00082182-00082537": "Oh, wohoo! it's a revolution.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00278-00082537-00082988": "There are perfumes in this Norwegians woman's closet.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00279-00082988-00083395": "This is I think, it might, okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00280-00083395-00083626": "I'm not sure there's no brand on it.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00281-00083626-00083832": "- It's not used.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00282-00083832-00083932": "- Almost not.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00283-00083932-00084032": "And here is ...", "3awCaQbA6LU-00284-00084032-00084176": "- It is probably a gift.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00285-00084176-00084350": "- And Versace Blue Jeans.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00286-00084350-00084488": "I think this is for men.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00287-00084488-00084610": "Okay, but.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00288-00084610-00084883": "Okay, so she has some okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00289-00084883-00085237": "Or the Lancome, and so on.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00290-00085237-00085507": "Okay, perfume exists in Norway.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00291-00085507-00085770": "It's kind of also a part of this.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00292-00085770-00086073": "But she It was strange because she had placed everything", "3awCaQbA6LU-00293-00086073-00086332": "all the way down in here.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00294-00086332-00086448": "Okay, guys, do you?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00295-00086448-00086945": "Do you love to do this? Sneak peek into someone else's bathroom cabinet?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00296-00086945-00087217": "I'm sure you do.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00297-00087217-00087487": "Yeah, post us your comment.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00298-00087487-00087587": "Subscribe.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00299-00087587-00087768": "You know, we love them.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00300-00087768-00088344": "What's more down here? What is this!?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00301-00088344-00088444": "What's this?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00302-00088444-00088544": "Cement?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00303-00088544-00088644": "Cement?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00304-00088644-00088767": "I'm not sure.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00305-00088767-00089050": "It looks like cement! Very strange.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00306-00089050-00089262": "Really strange. I'm not sure.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00307-00089262-00089391": "Yeah, it's true.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00308-00089391-00089574": "It looks like cement.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00309-00089574-00089756": "And what is this?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00310-00089756-00089856": "Ok.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00311-00089856-00089956": "Ok.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00312-00089956-00090056": "Norwegian women are very handy.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00313-00090056-00090156": "Actually.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00314-00090156-00090625": "I think that many Norwegian women are more handy than the men.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00315-00090625-00090851": "And I think actually this is also typical.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00316-00090851-00091177": "And what does she has in her bathroom cabinet?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00317-00091177-00091722": "She's got silicon and stuff for the tiles here and to redecorate her home.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00318-00091722-00092187": "And that's what I think she actually have cement in her bathroom cabinet.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00319-00092187-00092813": "- She is using the storage for ... The Norwegian apartments are not that big.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00320-00092813-00092913": "So we store ...", "3awCaQbA6LU-00321-00092913-00093013": "- Yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00322-00093013-00093194": "Yeah, but the I think this is also very typical.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00323-00093194-00093345": "Handy Norwegian women.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00324-00093345-00093760": "They don't sit around waiting for a man to fix things that are broken.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00325-00093760-00093929": "They do it themselves.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00326-00093929-00094389": "And I know that this girl or this woman here she's extremely handy.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00327-00094390-00094820": "And if I have a problem, I need something to fix.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00328-00094820-00095146": "I will definitely call her", "3awCaQbA6LU-00329-00096292-00096816": "I think and of course we have a bath ... weight.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00330-00096816-00096916": "- This is very common.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00331-00096916-00097016": "It is a scale.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00332-00097016-00097116": "- Yeah, I'm not revealing my", "3awCaQbA6LU-00333-00097116-00097289": "- Come on!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00334-00097289-00097389": "- No.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00335-00097389-00097557": "- Come on!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00336-00097557-00097694": "Everyone wants to know it.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00337-00097694-00097794": "- And some", "3awCaQbA6LU-00338-00097794-00097995": "- Just fast forwarding?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00339-00097995-00098141": "- Yeah, yeah!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00340-00098141-00098287": "Look, look!", "3awCaQbA6LU-00341-00098287-00098689": "It's almost our raindeer logo.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00342-00098689-00098797": "Yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00343-00098797-00099039": "With the Norwegian flag on it.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00344-00099039-00099139": "Yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00345-00099139-00099517": "Okay, guys, I think that we wrap this up.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00346-00099517-00100292": "This was the revealing tour de Norwegian purse, handbag, and a bathroom cabinet.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00347-00100292-00100457": "I hope you enjoyed it ...", "3awCaQbA6LU-00348-00100457-00100945": "I hope you learned something about Norway, the Norwegian life, the Norwegian women and", "3awCaQbA6LU-00349-00100945-00101045": "the culture.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00350-00101045-00101598": "Okay, so if you liked this episode, don't forget to give a thumbs up, thumb down.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00351-00101598-00101698": "Subscribe.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00352-00101698-00102097": "Post us your comment and for next episode.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00353-00102097-00102197": "See you.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00354-00102197-00102539": "I'm not sure if it's gonna be any more toilet in a while now.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00355-00102539-00102639": "- Yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00356-00102639-00102739": "People love the toilet talks", "3awCaQbA6LU-00357-00102739-00103115": "No, I feel that we have emptied the content from a toilet.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00358-00103115-00103316": "At least for now, guys.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00359-00103316-00103477": "What do you think?", "3awCaQbA6LU-00360-00103477-00103577": "Yeah.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00361-00103577-00103677": "Okay.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00362-00103677-00103777": "And really hot in the toilet.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00363-00103777-00103900": "Okay, see you next time.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00364-00103900-00104092": "Check out our merch shop.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00365-00104092-00104208": "Love you guys.", "3awCaQbA6LU-00366-00104208-00104286": "Bye bye."}}, {"audio_id": "3axHlUKa5XQ", "text": {"3axHlUKa5XQ-00000-00000800-00001176": "hello world this is lockpickingdev i gave a presentation at shellcon today showing how to", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00001-00001176-00001544": "make your own custom lock picks and handles here is the accompanying video series with", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00002-00001544-00001904": "a more in-depth step-by-step demonstration of how to make your own picks and handles", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00003-00001984-00002392": "i hope this helps somebody out there and i hope this gets more people in the pic making there", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00004-00002392-00002936": "are just really some truly amazing works of art out there and i'd love to see more if you're", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00005-00002992-00003384": "just getting into pick making for the first time or you're new to woodwork or making in general", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00006-00003384-00003856": "this is for you all possible types of tools that one could use for each step will be mentioned as", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00007-00003856-00004504": "well as their pros and cons and tips on using them please enjoy and i hope that you'll see something", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00008-00004504-00004920": "that'll peak your interest to get you started on making your first custom lock pick thanks for", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00009-00004920-00006200": "watching there are a lot of options to choose from when making pick handles some of the first ones", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00010-00006200-00006831": "that we usually reach for that i see and i notice is everybody's favorite the heat shrink tube", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00011-00006968-00007616": "and there are some pros and cons to that so for instance this one right here these two handles you", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00012-00007616-00008304": "can see this one i have one on it that's one layer and this is an old sparrows one right here and you", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00013-00008304-00008888": "can see like i have a lot of layers of heat shrink on it heat shrink is not that useful because it", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00014-00008888-00009480": "dampens feedback that rubber always kind of kills off the vibrations it feels good on your hands but", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00015-00009536-00010104": "it kills the feedback and i don't recommend using these unless you're just looking for something a", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00016-00010104-00010920": "little extra grape out in that case only use one layer so there's our heat shrink uh typically we", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00017-00010920-00011664": "have our woods and our acrylics so our acrylics here are a whole bunch of different colors", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00018-00011832-00012416": "these are just available in so many different colors so i mean almost anything you're looking", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00019-00012416-00013104": "for they'll have acrylics and those are pin blanks so here's also uh like um glow-in-the-dark ones", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00020-00013200-00013632": "and pen blanks are what people use to make their own custom homemade pins out of so you", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00021-00013632-00014024": "know those really nice pins you see that's what those are they come in things like this and a", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00022-00014024-00014663": "honeycomb pattern it's a whole bunch of different options with acrylics there our woods will go to", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00023-00014663-00015584": "last the the theme is though you want something that is 1 8 of an inch thick like this right here", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00024-00015919-00016496": "and so this is a wood you can see it's 1 8 of an inch thick same with these two ones i", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00025-00016496-00017192": "got over here as well 1 8 of an inch thick and they're perfect the reason why i say that is", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00026-00017272-00017944": "in i mean ideally to a half inch wide what i say that is that's the perfect thickness that when you", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00027-00017944-00018600": "cut your scales for one side of the pick there so if you're lucky to find some just wood panels like", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00028-00018600-00019536": "these these are perfect i love these other things we can use are aluminum so here's just a bag of", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00029-00019536-00020408": "it you can find sheets of aluminum and you can cut off pieces you know that like that right there off", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00030-00020408-00021112": "each side there you can also find just aluminum uh bars that are already that thickness and perfect", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00031-00021112-00021672": "so you can just trim it down glue one to each side shape it and move on with life same with brass", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00032-00021808-00022312": "and brass is really nice same with steel you can find steel sometimes it's the perfect thickness", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00033-00022384-00023256": "make yourself some steel handles other options are micarta which you can get i think paper or woven", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00034-00023256-00023984": "micarta i forget the options i believe this one's paper but you can see it gets really really smooth", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00035-00024120-00024664": "and shiny there you can make it look really nice some people made some really nice micarta handles", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00036-00024784-00025512": "um just basic stuff popsicle sticks here's just leftover popsicle sticks that i had from um", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00037-00025656-00026239": "my epoxy boxes to mix it with and so i just took those and glued them on each side of this uh", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00038-00026239-00026712": "this peterson comb here and it works perfectly and it adds just a little bit more grip to it", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00039-00026712-00027152": "because this let's face it hand picks without handles are just way too thin they suck", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00040-00027295-00027792": "here's another option you can run into a random uh insta morph use a little bead to heat them up", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00041-00027792-00028376": "and mold them to the shape you want you can use that as handles what else we have here", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00042-00028376-00028744": "our woods let's go ahead and go onto our woods move this stuff out of the way", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00043-00028927-00029344": "what's down here in the focus a little bit more so just a whole bunch of different woods here", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00044-00029416-00030016": "here's our our different black woods this is a african black wood ancient here we go", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00045-00030295-00031024": "hm bog oak which is really nice i love it this is like a curly make uh curly maple purple heart", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00046-00031024-00031792": "pearls this video we will be working with this burl right here and you can see how nice that", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00047-00031792-00032288": "is in there and a burl is so when you see a tree with like a big knot on it all that compressed nut", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00048-00032344-00032984": "it makes this kind of thing so that's a burl here are other examples of burls right here", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00049-00033280-00033504": "you can see the features in them just are really cool", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00050-00033640-00034512": "there's mixtures of um acrylics and woods that you can buy and these turn out really cool", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00051-00034872-00035504": "and just like the other wood you can find knife scales that are already kind of almost the perfect", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00052-00035504-00036312": "uh thickness for them there's a whole bunch of options and for instance i here's a buffalo horn", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00053-00036408-00036944": "i haven't made anything with this yet so uh i'm gonna try this out uh there's just a whole bunch", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00054-00036944-00037792": "of options with this kind of stuff here but again today we will be working with this which is really", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00055-00037792-00038464": "nice um one thing to mention as well if you feel like mixing things which i might mention later in", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00056-00038464-00039016": "the video as well but worth mentioning now you can get to be pretty creative so here's one i've made", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00057-00039120-00039592": "there's the african ball oak on the ends there's brass in the middle and there's that curly maple", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00058-00039728-00040576": "in the middle as well but with this as well it's really hard to grind down the metal on these", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00059-00040576-00041112": "without overheating it and just making it come apart this pick was really hard it kept falling", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00060-00041112-00041584": "apart was really hard to make so i coated it with ca glue and decided to keep it for myself it looks", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00061-00041584-00041976": "nice but i mean it was hard to make and it just didn't give me a lot of confidence but it works", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00062-00042032-00042352": "and i have one sitting here that i planned on making something out of as well", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00063-00042448-00042912": "but just to be honest when you're cutting the metal it heats up a lot and it's just a really", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00064-00042912-00043384": "big pain to work with so i haven't touched this since so just something to keep in mind with that", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00065-00043384-00043984": "you can mix woods and acrylics all day woods in my car to acrylic in my car no problem just", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00066-00044040-00044496": "when you're mixing when you're trying to glue metal to something it doesn't work that well", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00067-00044640-00045248": "oh other ideas as well you have kitchen knives you can grind these down here's your hand already you", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00068-00045248-00045920": "can grind these down into little picks themselves a lot of people use those another option is let's", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00069-00045920-00046880": "say this is our pick metal here you can um glue big zip ties to each side just anything really", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00070-00047032-00047584": "anything works if you find like a piece of plastic to glue to each side just glue it to each side big", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00071-00047584-00048064": "zip ties the zip ties work because they got a little grip on them but really anything works", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00072-00048064-00048600": "and i would highly recommend just finding almost anything if that's really what it comes down to", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00073-00048600-00049248": "to put on for a handle because for me personally handles have greatly increased my picking ability", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00074-00049248-00049768": "and what i can pick and the comfort while picking without really hurting my hands so that increases", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00075-00049768-00050080": "the amount of time you can pick as well and gives you a higher chance of getting those", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00076-00050160-00050880": "locks that take more time to pick there are a few different options for pick metal we'll start with", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00077-00050880-00051504": "the cheapest we have these right here that i made and they have epoxy handles with pins in", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00078-00051504-00051840": "them but the metal for the picks themselves were made out of windshield wipers blades", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00079-00051904-00052232": "so you can see the thin one on the bottom how it actually goes through the handle there", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00080-00052344-00052784": "so you can see how thin it was and the top one was more of a thicker windshield wiper blade", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00081-00052784-00053544": "so there are windshield wiper blades we also have sparrows handles or other pick handles so whenever", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00082-00053544-00054240": "your pick is done like this whenever it's all bent up and it's done you just cut the tip off there", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00083-00054391-00054991": "focus you cut the tip off right there and then you uh cut all this plasti dip off", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00084-00054991-00055464": "and you'll have this part of the metal left and that's perfect for making like a half tang pick", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00085-00055832-00056600": "see we can also just flat out buy the picks and make handles for them so here's just a bag of a", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00086-00056600-00057128": "whole bunch of different companies picks i have you can just make the handles for them", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00087-00057352-00058352": "another option is to do what is called a feeler gauge so you can buy those in like almost kind of", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00088-00058352-00058712": "like pocketknife folding things and i'll put a picture of it right up here to give you an", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00089-00058791-00059488": "idea what i'm talking about you can also buy the actual size of metal that you're looking for", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00090-00059488-00060391": "in rolls so this one right here is 25 thousandths up here is 19 000 with also a 16 thousands in it", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00091-00060391-00060864": "because i just took that out of the box so these come in rolls right here and here's the fifteen", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00092-00060864-00061472": "thousands one um these i found at mcmaster.com if you're in the states uh it's the only place", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00093-00061472-00062160": "i can really find it this actually is 15 000 one i got on amazon recently and it's perfect", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00094-00062160-00062584": "because it's this nice little roll which you can control it unlike these or they can come undone", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00095-00062696-00063504": "it's great um sometimes the the pick baggies that you get from buying picks i put the pieces i cut", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00096-00063504-00063832": "off from the metals in here so they're just ready for me next time i'm ready to make them", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00097-00063896-00064279": "always when you're storing your stuff make sure you're washing watching your moisture because", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00098-00064279-00065048": "you don't want it to rust if you want to do dimple picks here's a good option these are ejector pens", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00099-00065464-00065880": "that's what they look like and you just shape this one end of it", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00100-00065936-00066592": "and then this end right here you stick into whatever handle you want to make for it and um", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00101-00066672-00067208": "these are pretty nice i've only started working on one so far you can see how far i got in the metal", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00102-00067280-00067712": "but i haven't made a whole lot of my um own dimple picks yet i actually just", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00103-00067712-00068512": "like buying the um multi-pick ones and modifying those but here is the different types of metal", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00104-00068512-00069248": "and options for crafting the pick metal with oh i guess just to run down of sizes real quick as well", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00105-00069304-00069936": "i find the fifteen thousands to be pretty thin itself especially after polishing", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00106-00070024-00070576": "it's hard to go thinner than that unless you really need to need to for anything like that um", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00107-00070688-00071168": "sixteen thousandths i really like because when you're done polishing it down it gets to be about", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00108-00071168-00071704": "the size of fifteen thousands so i really like that nineteen thousands everybody knows it's uh", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00109-00071704-00072176": "great that's been the new size it's been the hit lately and it is it's a perfect size and of course", "3axHlUKa5XQ-00110-00072176-00072984": "you're 25 thousands for there's a keyway it's worth just open and why not have a stronger pick"}}, {"audio_id": "3aCa4mWSujg", "text": {"3aCa4mWSujg-00000-00000000-00005233": "music"}}, {"audio_id": "3aeglIOjrFk", "text": {"3aeglIOjrFk-00000-00000603-00001003": "100g butter", "3aeglIOjrFk-00001-00001403-00001803": "50g sugar", "3aeglIOjrFk-00002-00003703-00004003": "1 whole egg", "3aeglIOjrFk-00003-00005603-00006003": "70ml seed oil", "3aeglIOjrFk-00004-00006903-00007503": "270g flour 00", "3aeglIOjrFk-00005-00012003-00012503": "5g baking powder", "3aeglIOjrFk-00006-00018503-00019003": "sugar", "3aeglIOjrFk-00007-00027803-00028303": "hazelnuts for decoration", "3aeglIOjrFk-00008-00028503-00028803": "bake at 160 ° C for 15 - 16 minutes"}}, {"audio_id": "3aDxyCMYmB0", "text": {"3aDxyCMYmB0-00000-00000003-00000579": "another important application of acid-base chemistry is titration so titration is a chemical", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00001-00000579-00001086": "laboratory technique that relies upon pH changes that occur when acids and bases neutralize each", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00002-00001086-00001746": "other to determine the concentration of an unknown solution so in this PowerPoint will discuss", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00003-00001746-00002355": "titration curves the quantitative determination of an unknown concentration and the use of acid-base", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00004-00002355-00003384": "indicators in titrations in an acid-base titration we have two reactants an acid and a base we", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00005-00003384-00003924": "combine them in a neutralization reaction such as the one depicted here the acid is neutralized by", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00006-00003924-00004458": "the base to form water and assault in a titration we combine our reactants together and carefully", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00007-00004458-00004923": "controlled amounts because we're trying to capture the exact point at which the acid present in our", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00008-00004923-00005565": "solution has exactly reacted with all the added base in other words in the exact molar ratio", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00009-00005565-00006506": "indicated by the balanced chemical equation so to do this we use a piece of specialized glassware", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00010-00006506-00007020": "called a burette and that's depicted here it's a long cylinder with a stopcock at the bottom", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00011-00007020-00007515": "that's marked with precise volume measurements similar to a graduated cylinder except the volume", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00012-00007515-00008064": "markings started zero milliliters at the top and that's because the markings indicate the volume", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00013-00008064-00008619": "of solution dispensed from the burette when the burette is filled full to the zero line", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00014-00008619-00009231": "no solution has been dispensed and as you open the stopcock at the bottom and allow solution to flow", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00015-00009231-00009717": "out the level the liquid falls and the volume markings on the side tell you how much solution", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00016-00009717-00010512": "is actually left with Europe so in a titration we fill the burette with one of our reactant", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00017-00010512-00011301": "solutions for example our base sodium hydroxide for this reaction and underneath the burette we", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00018-00011301-00012141": "put a flask containing the other reactant so in this case we'll put in that hydrochloric acid", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00019-00012141-00012984": "we add very small measured amounts of our sodium hydroxide from the burette into the flask and we", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00020-00012984-00013630": "measure the pH of the solution in the flask how it changes with tradition when we've neutralized", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00021-00013630-00014155": "all of the acid in the flask we're going to see a dramatic shift in pH from low acidic", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00022-00014155-00014878": "values before neutralization to neutral at the exact point of neutralization two more basic pH", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00023-00014878-00015853": "values when we've added more base past the point of neutralization so we plot these changes in pH", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00024-00015853-00016453": "versus the volume of added base from the burette to get what we call a titration curve depicted", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00025-00016453-00017110": "here on the right so this is a classic shape for a titration between a strong acid and a strong", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00026-00017110-00017956": "base with a rapid change in pH at the point where the acid has been exactly neutralized by the added", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00027-00017956-00018688": "base and the point of inflection in the middle of the graph is known as the equivalence point", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00028-00018688-00019489": "and it indicates when moles of acid and base in the reaction flask are stoichiometrically", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00029-00019489-00019969": "equivalent to each other so this means they match the ratios of acid and base indicated", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00030-00019969-00020599": "by the coefficients in the balanced chemical equation or the exact number of moles within", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00031-00020599-00021256": "the flasks have reacted with the exact number of moles of base that have been added to the flask", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00032-00021256-00022126": "titration curves look a little different if you're titrating against a strong acid compared to a weak", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00033-00022126-00022603": "acid and the curve on the Left were reacting sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid which", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00034-00022603-00023200": "we know is a strong acid in the curve on the right we're reacting it against acetic acid", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00035-00023200-00023911": "which we also know is a weak acid and notice the differences in the titration curve the weak acid", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00036-00023911-00024646": "titration starts at a higher pH reflecting the weaker nature of the acid notice as well that", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00037-00024646-00025327": "the equivalence point for the weak acid titration is actually higher than it is for the strong acid", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00038-00025327-00026245": "titration this is because the equivalence point pH reflects the salt formed in the neutralization", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00039-00026245-00026944": "process so at the equivalence point all of the acid and the added bass are completely neutralized", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00040-00026944-00027639": "the only substances present are water and the salt produced during neutralization and as you", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00041-00027639-00028483": "know salts that are formed from the conjugate ions of strong acids and bases like sodium chloride in", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00042-00028483-00029314": "this case are neutral which means we're going to have a neutral pH of 7.0 at the equivalence point", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00043-00029314-00030364": "on the other hand salts form from the anions of weak acids in this case like sodium acetate are", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00044-00030364-00031537": "basic so the pH at the equivalence point reflects the basic nature of sodium acetate the conjugate", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00045-00031537-00032470": "base of a weak acid another interesting point occurs on the weak acid titration curve at what", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00046-00032470-00032902": "we call the half equivalence point so this is a point on the curve at which we were halfway", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00047-00032902-00033580": "to the volume of the base added at the equivalence point so if our equivalence point in this example", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00048-00033580-00034750": "is at 25 milliliters the half equivalence point occurs at 12.5 milliliters at this point we've", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00049-00034750-00035701": "neutralized exactly half of our weak acid and that means that half of it is still the weak acid while", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00050-00035701-00036556": "the other half has been converted to its aqueous salt containing the conjugate base so it's half", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00051-00036556-00037336": "acid and half conjugate base in the solution well that's actually equal concentrations of our weak", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00052-00037336-00038254": "acid in our conjugate base and this is a buffer and if we substituted this one-to-one ratio for", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00053-00038254-00038878": "base over acid into the henderson hasselbalch equation and calculated the pH we'd find that", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00054-00038878-00039694": "the pH of the solution at this point actually equals the pKa value of the weak acid pH equals", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00055-00039694-00040417": "PKA at the half equivalence point titrations of weak acids or weak bases are actually one", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00056-00040417-00040870": "of the ways of creating buffers and titration to the half equivalence point is another way", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00057-00040870-00041611": "of calculating the acid dissociation constant the most common application of titration is to", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00058-00041611-00042202": "determine the unknown molarity of a solution at the equivalence point of any titration we know", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00059-00042202-00042679": "that our reactants are present in the exact molar ratios given by the coefficients in the balanced", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00060-00042679-00043522": "chemical equation and if we know the volume and molarity of one of our reactants for example the", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00061-00043522-00044278": "volume and molarity of sodium hydroxide we can calculate the moles of sodium hydroxide that", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00062-00044278-00045103": "are reacting and if we know the moles of sodium hydroxide that react we can calculate the moles", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00063-00045103-00045823": "of hydrochloric acid that were in solution using the coefficient ratios from our balanced chemical", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00064-00045823-00046555": "equation in this case it's a one-to-one ratio this is known as the stoichiometric factor and", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00065-00046555-00047320": "if we know the volume of our hydrochloric acid solution we can take the moles that we calculate", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00066-00047320-00048409": "and divide it by the volume to get our molarity for our hydrochloric acid solution let's look", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00067-00048409-00049279": "at an example of this type of calculation so during a titration 25 milliliters of a 0.100", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00068-00049279-00049999": "molar sodium hydroxide solution is added to 30 milliliters of a hydrochloric acid solution in", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00069-00049999-00050629": "order to reach the equivalence point we want to figure out what the concentration was of", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00070-00050629-00051400": "that hydrochloric acid solution so in order to figure out the concentration its moles divided", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00071-00051400-00051946": "by liters for hydrochloric acid we know the volume we just have to figure out the number", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00072-00051946-00052636": "of moles of hydrochloric acid that reacted at the equivalence point we know that the moles", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00073-00052636-00053367": "of hydrochloric acid had to be in this correct stoichiometric ratio with the sodium hydroxide", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00074-00053367-00054091": "side in the solution in this case a one-to-one ratio between HCl and NaOH so if we can figure", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00075-00054091-00054673": "out the number of moles of sodium hydroxide that actually reacted we should be able to", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00076-00054673-00055288": "figure out the moles of hydrochloric acid then that also reacted and then we can use", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00077-00055288-00055939": "that moles of hydrochloric acid to calculate the final molarity of our solution so we start", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00078-00055939-00056698": "the calculation by figuring out the moles of our sodium hydroxide a substance that we have both the", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00079-00056698-00057310": "volume and the molarity form so it's the volume in units of liters times that molarity and our", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00080-00057310-00057994": "units of liters actually cancel out and we'll be left with moles of sodium hydroxide we can then", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00081-00057994-00058657": "use the ratio of hydrochloric acid to sodium hydroxide in the solution to convert that into", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00082-00058657-00059221": "moles of hydrochloric acid so it's a one-to-one ratio and we set it up so that moles of sodium", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00083-00059221-00059785": "hydroxide actually cancel out we're gonna be left with moles of hydrochloric and we have zero point", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00084-00059785-00060658": "zero zero two five zero moles of HCL in our solution we can then use this to calculate", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00085-00060658-00061237": "the molarity by dividing by the volume of our hydrochloric solution so our original volume", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00086-00061237-00062113": "was 30 milliliters or point zero three zero zero liters substituting this into our molarity formula", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00087-00062113-00063054": "gives us zero point zero eight three three moles per liter of hydrochloric acid let's", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00088-00063054-00063850": "look at another example of this it takes fifty four point zero zero milliliters of a 0.10 molar", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00089-00063850-00064513": "sodium hydroxide solution to reach the end point during a titration against 125 milliliters of", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00090-00064513-00065008": "an acetic acid solution and we want to figure out what the molarity is of that acetic acid solution", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00091-00065008-00065641": "so the endpoint that's mentioned in the problem is actually another way of indicating equivalence", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00092-00065641-00066331": "point so we can calculate the molarity of our acetic acid if we know the moles of the acetic", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00093-00066331-00066973": "acid because we have already have a volume and the ladies just moles per liter we can calculate the", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00094-00066973-00067519": "moles of acetic acid from the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation if we can figure", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00095-00067519-00068320": "out the moles of sodium hydroxide that react with it at the endpoint the one piece that we need in", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00096-00068320-00068848": "order to solve this is the balanced chemical equation so that we know the ratio of sodium", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00097-00068848-00069478": "hydroxide to acetic acid so it's not given to us but we can figure it out because it's just", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00098-00069478-00070057": "a neutralization reaction so we take our two reactants sodium hydroxide in the scenic acid", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00099-00070057-00070849": "we know that the proton from the acid is going to combine with the base and so it's the oh-h-h no H", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00100-00070849-00071635": "form water and what's left over becomes ourselves so that's sodium and acetate so sodium acetate is", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00101-00071635-00072337": "our salt we balance this and we actually will find that it is balanced as is it has one coefficients", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00102-00072337-00073171": "in front of everything and now we can use this to calculate the moles of acetic acid from our", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00103-00073171-00073585": "moles of sodium hydroxide so the first step is to calculate the moles of sodium hydroxide that", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00104-00073585-00074617": "react so our volume converted into units of liters so 0.05 for 0-0 liters multiplied by our molarity", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00105-00074617-00075220": "of sodium hydroxide our leader units will cancel out we'll be left with units of moles of sodium", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00106-00075220-00075922": "hydroxide which we convert to acetic acid moles using the one-to-one ratio the coefficients in our", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00107-00075922-00076417": "balanced chemical equation we set it up so that moles of sodium hydroxide actually cancel out", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00108-00076417-00077314": "and we have 0.005 for moles of acetic acid in our solution we then use this a calculator molarity", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00109-00077314-00078034": "just by dividing by the volume of the acetic acid solution in units of liters so this division", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00110-00078034-00078889": "gives us 0.043 moles per liter of acetic acid solution so we've calculated the concentration", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00111-00078889-00079690": "of our unknown acid a common variation on the titration that you'll find is the use of an", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00112-00079690-00080429": "acid-base indicator to identify the equivalence point of the hydration instead of using a pH meter", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00113-00080429-00081038": "and constructing a titration curve so acid-base indicators are simply substances that change color", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00114-00081038-00081632": "when the pH of a solution changes and a common one is phenolphthalein which the structure is", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00115-00081632-00082271": "depicted here so phenolphthalein is actually a weak acid itself and in the acid form of the", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00116-00082271-00083036": "compound it's clear when more hydroxide ions are present in solution however phenolphthalein will", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00117-00083036-00083996": "donate its hydrogen ions to that base and form the conjugate base which is actually", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00118-00083996-00084869": "pink so phenolphthalein isn't the only acid-base indicator they're actually a variety of weak acids", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00119-00084869-00085577": "and bases that change colors over very specific pH ranges and this chart shows you the color changes", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00120-00085577-00086300": "and the pH ranges for several common acid-base indicators because these indicators change color", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00121-00086300-00086897": "dramatically within that specific pH range they provide an easy way of detecting the equivalence", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00122-00086897-00087497": "point of the titration add a drop or two of the indicator that changes color around the pH of your", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00123-00087497-00088145": "equivalence point to your reaction flask and then just look for the first sign of the color change", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00124-00088145-00088709": "to indicate that you're in that region of rapid pH change associated with the equivalence point", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00125-00088709-00089447": "for your reaction so let's overlay a couple of titration curves over the color change ranges for", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00126-00089447-00090095": "three different indicator solutions methyl orange changes color between ph's of three and four", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00127-00090095-00091019": "litmus solution on the other hand changes color between ph's of a little bit below five and eight", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00128-00091019-00091805": "and finally our phenolphthalein solution changes color between PHS of a little bit over eight and", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00129-00091805-00092513": "ten so the most important point in choosing an acid-base indicator to use in your titration", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00130-00092513-00093173": "is that the color change for the indicator lies completely within the region of rapid pH change", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00131-00093173-00093919": "so the vertical portion of the tration curve in this region it's the smallest addition of base", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00132-00093919-00094597": "causes a rapid change in pH and will likely either get you to the equivalence point or just a little", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00133-00094597-00095371": "bit past it and as long as the indicator changes pH completely within this region then we'll be", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00134-00095371-00096058": "able to know that with the first indication of color change we're actually probably within about", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00135-00096058-00096553": "0.1 milliliters of the equivalence point volume we may be a little bit under we may be a little", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00136-00096553-00097186": "bit over depending upon the indicator that we choose but an error of 0.1 milliliters is not", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00137-00097186-00098062": "much in terms of a titration so notice that for the strong acid titration curve which is the one", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00138-00098062-00099166": "that's actually depicted in in brown this region of rapid change actually corresponds with the pH", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00139-00099166-00099961": "change for each of our indicator solutions so the one that's probably the farthest off might", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00140-00099961-00100588": "be methyl orange because the color change will start a little bit before we get into the actual", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00141-00100588-00101200": "completely vertical section of the titration curve so we may be off just a little bit more than 0.1", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00142-00101200-00101782": "milliliters and it will actually occur the the color change will occur before the equivalence", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00143-00101782-00102334": "point but it's not gonna be that far off a better choice would probably be the litmus", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00144-00102334-00102967": "or even the phenolphthalein because these are completely within that vertical portion of the of", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00145-00102967-00103696": "the titration curve now this is in contrast to the titration curve for our weak acid which is denoted", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00146-00103696-00104407": "in purple so for the weak acid really only the phenolphthalein color change occurs within that", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00147-00104407-00104851": "vertical portion right around the equivalence point and that's going to be the best one to", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00148-00104851-00105844": "use for that titration if we had added litmus or methyl orange to our acetic acid solution well", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00149-00105844-00106390": "then the color change would actually occur well before we would reach that vertical portion so", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00150-00106390-00106976": "for litmus it would have occurred between five and ten milliliters and four methyl orange we", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00151-00106976-00107531": "would have seen the color change actually before we ever added any of our base at all", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00152-00107531-00108407": "in summary acid-base titration is a precise laboratory technique for reacting the exact", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00153-00108407-00109013": "molar equivalents of an acid and a base together in a neutralization reaction recording pH against", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00154-00109013-00109394": "the volume of the reactant added produces a titration curve that can be used to identify", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00155-00109394-00109904": "the equivalence point the volume of added reactant at which neutralization occurs in", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00156-00109904-00110474": "exact molar equivalents of acid and base acid-base indicators can also be used to", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00157-00110474-00111104": "identify the equivalence point and there are distinct differences in the titration curve of", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00158-00111104-00111656": "strong acids and weak acids an equivalence point volumes and the stoic geometry of the balanced", "3aDxyCMYmB0-00159-00111656-00112186": "neutralization reaction can be used to determine the unknown concentration of one of the reactants"}}, {"audio_id": "3aKd5rp7MLg", "text": {"3aKd5rp7MLg-00000-00000039-00000582": "Once your peer review is assigned, here's what you're going to do.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00001-00000582-00000950": "Navigate back to the assignment page.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00002-00000950-00001511": "Take a few minutes to review the rubric so you understand the criteria you are looking", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00003-00001511-00001863": "for in your peer's liquid syllabus.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00004-00001863-00002335": "Next, look up here on the right side of the screen.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00005-00002335-00002810": "Under the \"Submission\" heading, you will see one person's name.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00006-00002810-00003109": "That's your assigned peer review.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00007-00003109-00003490": "When you're ready to begin, click on the name.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00008-00003490-00003811": "This will open their submission.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00009-00003811-00004090": "You'll see a link to the liquid syllabus.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00010-00004090-00004691": "To open it, you'll need to select \"View in a new tab.\"", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00011-00004691-00004901": "That will open the liquid syllabus.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00012-00004901-00005288": "Take time to review it against the rubric criteria.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00013-00005288-00005642": "Take some notes to help guide you in your video feedback.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00014-00005642-00006151": "To prepare for your screencast recording, be sure to keep two tabs open: the liquid", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00015-00006151-00006501": "syllabus and the assignment page.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00016-00006501-00006741": "Let's go back to the submission page.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00017-00006741-00006997": "In the upper right, select Show Rubric.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00018-00006997-00007351": "You will use the rubric to conduct your peer review.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00019-00007351-00007942": "So, if the participant has met all of the criteria, you will select Bravo.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00020-00007942-00008230": "If one has not been met, you will select Almost", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00021-00008230-00008538": "There and you can leave a comment in that little", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00022-00008538-00008696": "bubble field over to the right.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00023-00008696-00008796": "And when you're done with that, select Save comment.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00024-00008796-00009118": "In the add a comment box is where you will paste the", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00025-00009118-00009423": "link to your video feedback recording.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00026-00009423-00009889": "Once you've completed the rubric and pasted the link to the video in the Comment", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00027-00009889-00010357": "area, select Save.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00028-00010357-00010772": "You've now completed the peer review and you'll see that there's now a checkmark", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00029-00010772-00010970": "just before the name of the participant.", "3aKd5rp7MLg-00030-00010970-00011029": "Good job!"}}, {"audio_id": "3aYJgBMtbCc", "text": {"3aYJgBMtbCc-00000-00000016-00000552": "Hi. Welcome back. This is part two of the Cosyne tutorial on what can we learn about", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00001-00000552-00000944": "the brain from recurrent neural networks. So in the first lecture, we saw how", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00002-00000944-00001600": "randomly connected nonlinear RNNs function. So we saw how randomly connected nonlinear", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00003-00001600-00002160": "RNNs can produce spontaneous activity that is rich and ongoing. And that's what you see here", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00004-00002160-00002616": "in this one example neuron that I've plotted as a function of time. Now, when inputs go", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00005-00002616-00003160": "into these networks above a certain critical input amplitude, we saw how networks like this", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00006-00003160-00003815": "can quench their intrinsic variability and become entrained to the frequency of the drive. So we saw", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00007-00003815-00004336": "this phase transition and explored its various properties in the randomly connected regime.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00008-00004336-00004872": "We can also visualize these types of dynamics by looking at a population activity plot, like you", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00009-00004872-00005400": "see here, where I've shown you the activity of a few hundred units as a function of time", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00010-00005400-00005968": "in the spontaneously active case, as well as a case in which the intrinsic chaos is quenched and", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00011-00005968-00006631": "the network pays attention to the external drive. Now, it's useful to also visualize these types of", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00012-00006631-00007200": "population dynamics with something that our experimental colleagues will also be able to", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00013-00007200-00007831": "use with data that they collect. And that brings me to the concept of state space views.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00014-00007831-00008632": "So state space view like this is just a coordinate system derived by applying dimensionality", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00015-00008632-00009304": "reduction techniques to visualize dynamical motifs. So in the spontaneously active case,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00016-00009424-00009984": "the activity of the entire network can be seen to traverse some kind of trajectory in the state", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00017-00009984-00010656": "space. Now, in the case when the network turns off its intrinsic variability and becomes", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00018-00010656-00011208": "entrained to the frequency of the drive, the same states based view becomes one where you can see", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00019-00011208-00011960": "this periodic cyclic oscillatory kind of behavior. So what we want to do now is to enrich our theory,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00020-00011960-00012344": "right? We've been writing down the theory of cognition as dynamics.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00021-00012344-00013191": "We want to enrich that with the idea of the geometry of the dynamics. So where are we, right?", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00022-00013191-00013847": "We looked at the case of non-linear RNNs with random connectivity. We saw that without inputs,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00023-00013847-00014432": "we got fixed points which were trivial or activity which decayed to zero, or we got chaotic activity", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00024-00014432-00015008": "from this. We saw how phase transitions can make the state of networks like this more reliable.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00025-00015063-00015808": "So are we done? What we want to be able to do is to capture the richness of the brain in terms of", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00026-00015808-00016392": "doing more than just generic patterns of activity. So we want to be able to get this network that", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00027-00016392-00017040": "we've built to do tasks, to have some kind of specialized properties that will allow us to make", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00028-00017040-00017552": "a tighter connection with experimental data. So what we want to do is to get away from", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00029-00017552-00017960": "random recurrent interactions, and we want to train these networks", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00030-00018056-00018696": "to do something. So what we want to do is to have them perform a function that is brain-like.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00031-00018696-00019168": "We want them to be able to perform them and get reliable and repeatable patterns", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00032-00019168-00019832": "of activity from them. We want to be able to eventually discover mechanisms from them.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00033-00019832-00020248": "And we're going to be looking at a few examples where this has been done quite profitably.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00034-00020328-00020808": "So what are a few approaches for building and training neural network models in neuroscience?", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00035-00020864-00021488": "So one of the ways of doing this would be for you to imagine how a certain task is to be performed.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00036-00021488-00022056": "Imagine the mechanism, and then dial that up into the circuitry, and that's how you build a model.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00037-00022056-00022600": "This would be like a normative way of constructing these models. And indeed, there are examples where", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00038-00022600-00023256": "such a thing has been done and very clever work has allowed us to make progress on this.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00039-00023256-00023776": "However, these have been restricted to a few specific kinds of tasks.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00040-00023776-00024280": "So when you're starting to think about more naturalistic behaviors or richer experiments,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00041-00024280-00024856": "then it's harder and harder to conceive of a mechanism a priori. However, what we can do", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00042-00024856-00025432": "is to leverage the explosive advances we've had in machine learning, and that involves", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00043-00025432-00025927": "training recurrent neural network models, like the ones that we've been talking about so far,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00044-00025927-00026608": "to do those tasks. Through different training procedures, we get networks to do these tasks and", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00045-00026608-00027144": "then hopefully reverse engineer them and try to understand how the biological circuitry might have", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00046-00027144-00027792": "accomplished the same. There's a few different categories of training procedures where this has", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00047-00027792-00028327": "been used profitably, and I've listed only a few of the numerous labs that have worked on this.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00048-00028392-00028983": "Now there's other ways in which we can use these types of training procedures,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00049-00028983-00029648": "and use neural network models as hypothesis test beds or to generate new hypotheses,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00050-00029648-00030295": "or even train network models to match neural or behavioral data collected experimentally", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00051-00030295-00030920": "directly. And people, including those in my lab, have used these types of approaches. And I'm going", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00052-00030920-00031456": "to be telling you how we do these things. So there are training algorithms for RNNs", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00053-00031456-00031944": "to perform something brain-like. So this is the equation we developed together at the end of the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00054-00031944-00032520": "first lecture. We have a nonlinear RNN that can be connected through-- initially through random", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00055-00032592-00033200": "connectivity rates. Now in order to train RNNs to do something brain-like, one common approach", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00056-00033200-00033864": "is to attach an output unit to it. One of the ways of doing this would be just as a linear readout.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00057-00033864-00034416": "So here is an output unit that I’ve attached to the schematic neuron here, and the output of that", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00058-00034416-00035152": "neuron is z of t. And that will vary over time as just a linear sum of everyone’s firing rate", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00059-00035152-00035856": "within this network. Now training algorithms can change the readout weights that take these firing", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00060-00035856-00036464": "rates and produce the output, and they can also train the recurrent weights within the network.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00061-00036464-00037024": "There's two main categories of training algorithms for RNNs if we want to get them to do something", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00062-00037024-00037544": "specific. There's gradient based methods or target based methods. In gradient based methods,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00063-00037544-00038168": "as you've seen before, there's an output unit and the changes in the recurrent weights are", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00064-00038168-00038784": "updated by following a gradient, which is an error that is computed on the output directly.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00065-00038888-00039312": "In target based methods, in contrast, you don't need an output unit", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00066-00039312-00039928": "because every unit within the network can have a specific target. So that's what you see here,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00067-00039928-00040448": "right? The learning rule is updated by a linear function of the error, which is the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00068-00040520-00040992": "difference between the firing rate of everybody in the network and a set of targets that can be", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00069-00040992-00041664": "derived directly from experimental data, as you see here. Or in a category of learning methods,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00070-00041664-00042280": "which come from teacher forcing, they can come from an auxiliary network that only", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00071-00042280-00042864": "during the process of training produces the right targets in order to change the recurrent weights.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00072-00042976-00043584": "And one of your TAs, Brian DePasquale, has done some beautiful work in this category.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00073-00043648-00044320": "So here are a few examples in which these types of learning rules have been used profitably to make", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00074-00044320-00044784": "discoveries. And there's many other examples, but I'm only picking a couple here to show you.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00075-00044848-00045376": "One is from this paper from Valerio Mante and David Sussillo where they train a recurrent", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00076-00045376-00046088": "neural network model to flexibly switch between a motion integration or a color integration task,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00077-00046088-00046616": "and they compare it to empirical data collected while monkeys are performing the same task.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00078-00046616-00047176": "And by reverse engineering this model that was trained to do this task, they were able to infer", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00079-00047176-00047744": "that the mechanism for executing this task involved two different kinds of integration:", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00080-00047744-00048304": "one for motion, and one for color. Here's another example from Devika Narain", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00081-00048304-00048928": "and Wang from Mehrdad Jazayeri’s lab where they showed that a recurrent neural network model could", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00082-00048928-00049592": "make predictions about how cortical regions could flexibly generate responses with varying speeds.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00083-00049648-00050120": "And here's another example from Abigail Russo and Mark Churchland, along with", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00084-00050120-00050744": "Larry Abbott, where they trained a neural network model to do something similar to what a non-human", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00085-00050744-00051360": "primate does in a cyclical behavior. This really tackled a fundamental problem in neuroscience,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00086-00051360-00051832": "which is when you're recording activity from a brain region, how do you know if this activity", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00087-00051832-00052352": "is intrinsically generated or inherited from someone connected to it? They developed this", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00088-00052352-00052872": "powerful metric called tangling that could get at some of these mechanistic questions.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00089-00052936-00053400": "So where are we? We're enriching our theory of cognition as dynamics. We're", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00090-00053400-00054032": "developing a program in which cognition can be understood by looking at dynamical motifs,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00091-00054032-00054552": "as well as the geometry of these motifs and state spaces. We've talked about how we can", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00092-00054552-00055160": "train nonlinear RNNs to do something brain-like. We've seen how recurrent neural networks can be", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00093-00055160-00055744": "flexibly used to perform complex tasks. We've seen how models like this can exhibit rich,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00094-00055744-00056248": "yet repeatable, dynamics through the process of training. Therefore, we can get the best of both", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00095-00056248-00056888": "worlds where the dynamics are rich, yet reliable enough to get performance that's comparable to", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00096-00056888-00057400": "experimental data. And we are starting to see how they can be used for mechanistic discovery,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00097-00057400-00057976": "or in other words, getting at quantities that you cannot get at trivially from measurements alone.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00098-00058040-00058567": "So what we're trying to do with these types of intuitions is to connect our theory of", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00099-00058567-00059184": "cognition as dynamics with understanding how these dynamics unfold in state spaces", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00100-00059248-00059824": "by looking at the geometry of these dynamics. So, we're in this era of unprecedented technological", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00101-00059824-00060424": "advances in neuroscience where our experimental colleagues are collecting activity from larger and", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00102-00060424-00060944": "larger portions of the brain, collecting these massive datasets while animals are performing", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00103-00060944-00061464": "different functions. The one observation that has been made is that the dynamics that are relevant", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00104-00061464-00061976": "to a cognitive behavior or function under a variety of different experimental conditions", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00105-00061976-00062624": "seems to occupy a smaller dimensional subspace within the full N dimensions that are available,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00106-00062696-00063408": "and these neural manifolds are often described or shaped by the covariance between the outputs that", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00107-00063408-00064104": "are recorded in these experimental conditions. So, one question that remains unanswered is what", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00108-00064104-00064720": "are the inputs that are driving this covariance, right? The inputs that are driving this covariance", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00109-00064720-00065408": "can also be not just external inputs like we saw before, but really brain-wide interactions among", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00110-00065408-00065984": "interacting brain regions brain-wide, right? So, brain interactions shaped these neural manifolds.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00111-00066064-00066720": "Here's what you see in this little cartoon where I have schematized three such areas", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00112-00066720-00067144": "in blue, yellow, and red, and there's a few quantities that are inaccessible", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00113-00067144-00067736": "for measurements or from current methods of inferring these types of neural manifolds. So,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00114-00067736-00068304": "what are the inputs to each neuron from within and across brain areas? What is the direction", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00115-00068304-00069008": "of these interactions and the effect of common inputs? What I mean by that is are area A and B", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00116-00069008-00069632": "affecting area C unidirectionally, or does area C project to area A and B reciprocally?", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00117-00069720-00070184": "Also, how do you scale these current methods of looking at covariance between", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00118-00070304-00070832": "active neurons to more than two areas at a time? To get at these mechanisms that are impossible", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00119-00070832-00071360": "to get out from measurements alone, one approach is to build multi-region RNN models,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00120-00071416-00071824": "and they will be constrained directly by neural and behavioral data. They'll be built", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00121-00071824-00072432": "exactly like I told you before, except the target functions for training these will either come from", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00122-00072432-00073136": "idealized ground truth-style toy models, or they can come from smaller brains where we have a lot", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00123-00073136-00073560": "more access, such as the larval zebrafish system, which I'm going to tell you about in a second.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00124-00073560-00074112": "Or they can come from other types of data, such as from mice, from behaving macaques or from humans.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00125-00074192-00074672": "What we will do after we build these models and train them to match data from these different", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00126-00074672-00075192": "nervous systems is to analyze them using different methods, some specially developed", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00127-00075192-00075664": "for this purpose, as well as some similar ones such as those used on recordings, including some", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00128-00075664-00076184": "methods that we saw in a couple of references before, and we will be able to infer from them", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00129-00076184-00076760": "circuit mechanisms that are impossible to get at through measurements alone. In my lab, we've been", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00130-00076760-00077456": "working on these approaches quite extensively. Let me tell you about one example in which our", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00131-00077456-00077952": "approach of building neural network models and training them to match data directly", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00132-00077952-00078464": "and then reverse engineering them has led us to make us mechanistic discoveries that couldn't", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00133-00078464-00079024": "have been obtained experimentally alone. This is in collaboration with Karl Deisseroth’s lab at", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00134-00079024-00079736": "Stanford. Aaron Andalman, a talented postdoc in Karl's lab, did the following experiment. Larval", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00135-00079736-00080384": "zebrafish are head-fixed and then exposed to a slight electric shock over a long period of time.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00136-00080448-00080944": "When the shocks first come on, larval zebrafish will vigorously whip their tails to avoid the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00137-00080944-00081608": "stress. However, they’re head-fixed and the shocks keep coming anyway. So over time, the fish lapse", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00138-00081608-00082080": "into a state where they don't struggle anymore, where they're not whipping their tails anymore,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00139-00082080-00082616": "and that state is called passive coping. There's two behavioral phases here,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00140-00082616-00083152": "and what we've done here is to take the tail-whip velocity and average it over different fish", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00141-00083152-00083720": "and plotted that as a function of time. In pink is the duration of the behavioral challenge period,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00142-00083720-00084272": "in black is the average tail whip velocity over time for control fish, and in blue that for", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00143-00084272-00084776": "shocked fish, and you can see those two phases quite clearly. When the shocks first come on,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00144-00084776-00085248": "there's this elevation in the tail whips that you see in the blue trace over the black,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00145-00085248-00085776": "and over a period of time as the shocks build on, the animal perceives this as persistent and", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00146-00085776-00086384": "inescapable stress and lapses into the state called passive coping in which you see that the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00147-00086384-00087072": "shock -- in the shocked fish where the tail whips fall much below the velocity of the control fish.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00148-00087072-00087528": "Now in Karl's lab, they also express nuclear-localized GCaMP3, which means that", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00149-00087528-00088080": "we're able to monitor cellular resolution activity in the whole brain of these fish", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00150-00088080-00088808": "during this entire experiment which lasts several minutes. We're able to visualize electrical", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00151-00088808-00089536": "activity in the brain while this animal is experiencing these two behavioral phases.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00152-00089592-00090040": "One of the things we want to be able to do is to extract mechanisms and principles from", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00153-00090040-00090488": "smaller brains with more access. The larval zebra fish system is perfect because we can", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00154-00090488-00091096": "see right through it and experimental colleagues can monitor essentially every unit in the activity", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00155-00091096-00091744": "of... every unit in the awake behaving larval zebrafish. We want to be able to say, can we", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00156-00091744-00092280": "get something about mechanisms or principles from these nervous systems and then scale the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00157-00092280-00092840": "same approach to larger brains where we have less access, and we want to be able to identify", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00158-00092840-00093368": "things like similar or divergent mechanisms. The other reason larval zebrafish are interesting", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00159-00093368-00093888": "to us is because they have interesting homologies with the mammalian system, particularly in the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00160-00093888-00094456": "mouse where the neurobiology of active coping and passive coping have been studied extensively as", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00161-00094456-00095064": "you see in this list of references here. I'd like to draw your attention specifically to nuclei, the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00162-00095064-00095712": "habenula and the raphe, which seemed to be present and active in both of these nervous systems.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00163-00095712-00096304": "But before that, one of the questions we get to ask as computational people is to be able to say,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00164-00096304-00096992": "is our approach of training networks directly from the outset with experimental data,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00165-00097072-00097504": "is that approach going to be able to get us any closer to identifying", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00166-00097504-00098024": "circuit mechanisms or fundamental organizing principles across these nervous systems,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00167-00098024-00098704": "as well as being able to identify key divergences. Let's return to the larval zebrafish case.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00168-00098888-00099504": "There's a couple of patterns that came out of just the measurements, so what were they?", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00169-00099504-00100056": "The main neural findings from the population activity that was collected in this nervous system", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00170-00100056-00100656": "was a steady increase in the habenula as a function of time. What you see here is the calcium", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00171-00100656-00101224": "fluorescence averaged over multiple animals in shocked fish as well as in control fish in the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00172-00101224-00101816": "habenula as a function of time. The dash line that you see as a time at which the shock started to", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00173-00101816-00102432": "come on, and you can see that in shocked fish that you can see in blue, there's a ramping up of the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00174-00102432-00103080": "activity in the habenula as a function of time. Concomitantly, experimentalists observed that", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00175-00103080-00103559": "there was a suppression in the activity of the raphe, which is a region that is downstream of", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00176-00103559-00104216": "the habenula, and if you recall from a couple of slides ago is also conserved in mouse brains,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00177-00104216-00104776": "which helped us ask a question like, can we connect this to studies in other nervous", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00178-00104776-00105376": "systems? So, the two neural findings from the experimental data alone are that with shocks", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00179-00105376-00105911": "there's steady increase in the activation of the habenula, as well as a concomitant suppression", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00180-00105911-00106359": "in the activity of the raphe, which is known to be downstream of the habenula.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00181-00106359-00106968": "So, the story that we were trying to build towards or the theory we were trying to write is to say", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00182-00106968-00107288": "bad stuff's happening and the habenula ramps up its activity,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00183-00107383-00107880": "projects to the raphe that dumps serotonin into the system and says \"Our cavalry's here,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00184-00107880-00108416": "I hope you feel better.\" However, since the stress that the fish are exposed to is persistent", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00185-00108416-00109000": "and inescapable, the fish don't feel better. Someone has to be shutting down the movement.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00186-00109064-00109616": "So, what we started to look for was look brain-wide and ask the following question.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00187-00109616-00110176": "Is there a cortex in the zebrafish responsible for shutting down movement? So, in order to", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00188-00110176-00110583": "answer this question, we will be building a multi-region recurrent neural network model,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00189-00110583-00111152": "and we do this in two steps. In the first step, we take the framework that we had built before which", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00190-00111152-00111720": "is a single module recurrent neural network, and we will wire multiple recurrent neural", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00191-00111720-00112280": "networks together to construct a multi-region RNN. In the schematic here, I'm showing you", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00192-00112280-00113016": "a three region RNN, where in blue you see a region a that is given by RNN A, a region B given by RNN", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00193-00113016-00113752": "B and a region C that is symbolized by RNN C. Now, what we know from looking at the building", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00194-00113752-00114408": "blocks that we've arrived at so far, is that you understand the behavior of single-module RNNs", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00195-00114408-00114768": "by looking at the activation of everybody inside this network,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00196-00114768-00115304": "and by looking at the strength and direction of the recurrent interactions between them. And", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00197-00115304-00115816": "those are succinctly captured by this recurrent interaction matrix, J, that I've shown you here.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00198-00115816-00116488": "Now in the multi-region RNN, the case is similar, except the multi-region RNN has sub-matrices", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00199-00116488-00117080": "that can capture both within-area interactions, as you can see highlighted here, as well as", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00200-00117080-00117568": "inter-area interactions, as you see highlighted here. And this becomes powerful when you start", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00201-00117568-00118128": "to look at the difference between within-region connectivity versus between-region connectivity.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00202-00118256-00118896": "The second thing we'll do is to take the activity of the model units in here and train them to match", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00203-00118896-00119424": "neural data directly. So we will be taking the approach of a training algorithm that is", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00204-00119424-00119983": "target-based, that we've seen before. And in the beginning, when the activity of the unit, as given", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00205-00119983-00120720": "by this red trace here, each unit's activity is trained to match a target that is derived directly", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00206-00120720-00121311": "from calcium imaging data in the larval zebrafish. And as I taught you before, in the target-based", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00207-00121383-00121888": "learning rule description, the learning error is the linear difference between the activity", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00208-00121888-00122559": "of each unit and a target function, and the matrix of connectivity or the entire matrix is updated at", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00209-00122559-00123080": "every time step. Now, in the examples that I will show you, we're building models that are", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00210-00123080-00123535": "as big as the size of the experimental data set, and so we're building networks that are", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00211-00123535-00124256": "about 10,000 units big, and spread between one to 13 different regions in the larval zebrafish.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00212-00124256-00124656": "So what do we get from these models, right? What have we done so far? We've built", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00213-00124656-00125120": "multi-region RNNs by wiring multiple recurrent neural networks together,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00214-00125120-00125688": "with feedback and feedforward connections. And we've trained the model units within these", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00215-00125688-00126328": "networks to match calcium data directly. So what we get from them, once we're done, is threefold.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00216-00126328-00126904": "We get a multi-region RNN that, once it's trained, produces realistic neural dynamics,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00217-00127080-00127496": "which in and of itself is not that surprising, because those of you who've played with networks", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00218-00127496-00128088": "like this know that they're quite powerful. What is surprising is the ability to infer", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00219-00128088-00128688": "from them consistent brain-wide interactions through these trained connectivity matrices,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00220-00128688-00129152": "which I'm symbolizing here by J trained. And that's not something you could have gotten", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00221-00129152-00129600": "from measurements alone. The third thing you get, which is actually something that we're", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00222-00129600-00130096": "quite excited about and I'll tell you about in a second, is actually the product of the first two.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00223-00130096-00130559": "So if you recall the equation that you saw before, the dot product of the J with the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00224-00130559-00131192": "phis gives us currents, right? So the currents, due to recurrence both within and between areas,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00225-00131192-00131680": "is really the most powerful thing we can get from these networks. And I'll show you exactly how", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00226-00131904-00132256": "each of these things works. So let's look at these results.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00227-00132336-00132888": "So what we want to do is to be able to answer the question, \"Is there a cortex in the larval", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00228-00132888-00133344": "zebrafish that is able to shut down the movement?\" And so to keep things simple,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00229-00133344-00133920": "I want to show you results from a three-region RNN model. So one of these regions is going to", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00230-00133920-00134440": "be modeled by an RNN that is habenula-like, one that is raphe-like, which is what you see in the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00231-00134440-00134984": "blue and red schematics here, and the third region I'm going to introduce is one that is conveniently", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00232-00134984-00135456": "named the telencephalon. I mean, where else were we going to look for a cortex that shuts down the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00233-00135456-00135896": "movement? And this is where they are in the brain of the larval zebrafish. And here's a", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00234-00135896-00136360": "schematic showing you these three regions. So once again, I've built three RNNs,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00235-00136360-00136968": "connected them reciprocally, and I'm training each of the units to match the data directly", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00236-00136968-00137504": "from those three regions, respectively. And networks like this are very powerful. And", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00237-00137504-00138136": "here's neural activity from the network, plotted over the data as a function of time. So in blue,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00238-00138136-00138784": "you see the habenula-like RNN unit plotted as a function of time, in red, a raphe-like RNN unit,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00239-00138784-00139416": "and in yellow, telencephalon-like RNN unit. And in gray, in all three, is the data that was a", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00240-00139416-00139920": "target function for that particular unit. And just to convince you that I'm not picking the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00241-00139920-00140512": "three best neurons that fit, we can also look at the same state space view that we developed in the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00242-00140648-00141208": "first half of this lecture, and project the activity of this entire three-region network onto", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00243-00141208-00141768": "the dominant principal components. In black is the data, and in red is the model. And you can see,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00244-00141768-00142400": "yes, the model misses a few of the idiosyncrasies that are present in the biological data,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00245-00142400-00143000": "but gets the general trend right. Now, really, the strength of these models,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00246-00143000-00143488": "as I told you, was to be able to infer connectivity changes by looking at these", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00247-00143488-00144112": "recurrent interactions. So the regions that we were really interested in were the habenula", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00248-00144112-00144728": "and the raphe, because those were guided by the experimental results in which we had seen before", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00249-00144728-00145336": "the habenula ramped its activity up, and the raphe ramped its activity down. So we wanted to keep our", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00250-00145336-00145920": "analysis of these connectivity changes to those two sub-matrices to see what happened. So yes,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00251-00145920-00146464": "we can get activity that looks a lot like experimental data. However, the real strength of", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00252-00146464-00147160": "models like this is our ability to infer from them consistent connectivity matrices or changes to", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00253-00147160-00147784": "recurrent interactions that reveal possibly structural changes underlying the dynamics.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00254-00147840-00148352": "And so the first thing we observed, by looking at the log probability density as a function", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00255-00148352-00148928": "of interaction strengths... And in gray, you see the control fish, and in blue, you see the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00256-00148992-00149616": "interaction matrices derived from RNNs that have been trained to match data from shocked fish,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00257-00149616-00150224": "is that there was an overall enhancement in the strength of these matrices. So because these", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00258-00150224-00150944": "matrices are centered at zero, broadening meant that they were becoming stronger interactions.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00259-00150944-00151592": "And so the first thing we wanted to do was to look at interactions within key sub-matrices, and since", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00260-00151592-00152208": "we were guided by our experimental intuition to look for changes within the habenula as well as", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00261-00152208-00152888": "the raphe, and interactions going back and forth between those two regions, we looked inside those.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00262-00152888-00153400": "And when we looked within habenula, we saw that indeed there were interactions that got stronger.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00263-00153464-00153976": "There weren't huge changes in looking at projections from the habenula to the raphe", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00264-00153976-00154616": "or within the raphe, but the unexpected finding that came out of networks", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00265-00154616-00155240": "like this was looking in the raphe to habenula projection. And we saw an unexpected increase", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00266-00155240-00155720": "in the strength of projections going from the raphe to the habenula. And it isn't", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00267-00155720-00156312": "exactly known if there is an anatomical feedback connection going from the raphe to the habenula,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00268-00156312-00156872": "so this is an unexpected fact that we saw in the connectivity matrices that we're currently", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00269-00156872-00157392": "exploring. But remember, I was telling you that the product of these two objects, right, we can", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00270-00157392-00157984": "look at the properties of these J matrices and the sub-matrices, and we can look at activations,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00271-00157984-00158616": "but really the strength is being able to look at the product of those two, and looking at currents", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00272-00158616-00159208": "due to recurrence from within or different areas. And that's where we developed this technique", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00273-00159208-00159768": "called Current-Based Decomposition or CURBD for short. So what Current-Based Decomposition, or", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00274-00159768-00160288": "CURBD for short, is able to do is to decompose the activity that was collected by our experimental", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00275-00160288-00160840": "collaborators in the habenula into the source currents, which in the three-region model", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00276-00160840-00161368": "is habenula-to-habenula currents, the raphe to habenula currents, or currents experienced", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00277-00161368-00161992": "by habenula neurons, by projections, from the telencephalon. The sum of these three,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00278-00161992-00162576": "because it's a linear decomposition, still adds up to make up the activity that experimentalists", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00279-00162576-00163248": "collect in the habenula. But because we're able to infer these directed interactions or recurrent", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00280-00163248-00163888": "interaction matrices, and decompose them into the source currents, we're able to extract within-area", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00281-00163888-00164472": "currents as well as two inter-area currents. Now, remember, we're able to do this brain-wide.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00282-00164536-00165016": "Now, the currents due to recurrent inputs into the habenula add up to the measured output, which you", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00283-00165016-00165504": "can see here. I'm plotting the activity that was collected in the habenula as a function of time,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00284-00165568-00166176": "or the average population activity that is shown in the blue, to ramp up above that of the control", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00285-00166176-00166848": "fish, in black. Now, the other thing we can do in this current space is to be able to look at", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00286-00166848-00167680": "the state space view in the current space. So what we've done here is to make up a set of coordinates", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00287-00167680-00168264": "by looking at the first principal component of the habenula to habenula current in blue, the raphe to", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00288-00168264-00168745": "habenula current in red, and the telencephalon to habenula current in yellow. We can also", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00289-00168745-00168755": "project the activity of the habenula into this new coordinate space. So remember, we all can do the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00290-00168755-00169016": "states-based analysis now on this current space. So when we project the activity of the habenula", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00291-00169080-00169744": "into this new coordinate space, we get a surprising effect. So in gray you see is", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00292-00169744-00170368": "the activity of the habenula plotted into this new coordinate space. I've placed dots on this", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00293-00170368-00171104": "trajectory to indicate the times at which shocks arrive into the fish. And so the early shocks are", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00294-00171104-00171736": "in warm colors and late shocks are in cold colors. What we went in expecting to see was", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00295-00171816-00172360": "ramping activity in the habenula-habenula subspace. Instead, what we saw was that", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00296-00172360-00173056": "early effects are mediated by currents in the raphe to habenula subspace, and it's only later", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00297-00173056-00173616": "on that the habenula-habenula as well as the telencephalon to habenula subspace get populated.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00298-00173616-00174000": "Now we can also look at the state space view as a function of time,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00299-00174000-00174680": "but this is to tell you that looking at currents in this view can reveal unexpected effects.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00300-00174744-00175416": "In this case, timing. So what we're trying to say is that this inter area effects,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00301-00175416-00175992": "that are derived by looking at these current base decomposition view, is a powerful alternative", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00302-00175992-00176544": "to the traditional point of view. Where we can naturally do the obvious, which is to correlate", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00303-00176544-00177176": "early changes, that is the current rotations in the raphe-to-habenula subspace with the behavior,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00304-00177176-00177696": "or in other words, the enhancement of the tail whips as a function of time in the shocked fish", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00305-00177696-00178288": "at the onset of the behavioral stress and it's only later on maybe that the passive coping is", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00306-00178288-00179040": "mediated by these other two source currents, but it's a point of view that is not exactly revealed", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00307-00179040-00179528": "when you look at the raw activity of the habenula, even when you sort it as a function of time", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00308-00179584-00180160": "or average over the population activity as a function of time, or indeed take the raw activity", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00309-00180160-00180968": "and project it into the state space view. The unexpected timing effect of the raphe", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00310-00180968-00181544": "to habenula currents mediating the active coping phase of this behavior", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00311-00181544-00182128": "was only revealed when we were able to do this current-based decomposition. Now we can also look", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00312-00182128-00182576": "at these currents as a function of time, and that's what I'm showing you here. We've taken", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00313-00182576-00183040": "the tail whips and we've convolved them with a Gaussian to give our eyes something to look at.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00314-00183040-00183704": "And here is data from applying current-based decomposition from RNN outputs that have", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00315-00183704-00184200": "been trained to match data from a control fish, which wasn't experiencing any shocks.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00316-00184200-00184736": "And you can see that that fish kind of waggles its tail every once in a while as a function of time.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00317-00184736-00185264": "And then red is the raphe to habenula current, in blue is the habenula-habenula current. And in", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00318-00185264-00185808": "yellow is a telencephalon to habenula current. And aside from a small difference in magnitude, they", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00319-00185808-00186344": "don't seem to be doing anything different relative to one another. However, when you look at the same", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00320-00186344-00186944": "traces over time for a shocked fish-- once again, this is a shocked fish. So you can see that over", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00321-00186944-00187536": "time, it waggles its tail less and lapses into passivity somewhere in the middle of this trial.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00322-00187536-00188016": "This is not even a particularly good shocked fish, because it does make an exploratory tail", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00323-00188016-00188624": "movement later. But this highlights the effect I was telling you before, which is that the active", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00324-00188624-00189312": "coping phase or early in the experiment, the raphe to habenula current seems to ramp up first.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00325-00189312-00189792": "And it's only later after this particular fish has lapsed into passivity,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00326-00189792-00190328": "as you can see from the tail whips going to zero, that the habenula-habenula and the telencephalon", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00327-00190328-00190928": "to habenula currents start to ramp up. Now this effect holds, even when we're looking across", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00328-00190928-00191496": "individuals. So these have been averaged over five different RNN implementations", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00329-00191496-00192080": "of different individuals. And once again, you can see that even averaged over multiple individuals,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00330-00192080-00192744": "the early effect or the active coping phase, seems to be mediated by the raphe to habenula currents.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00331-00192744-00193336": "Now to really convince you that there are two distinct timescales occurring here, I also need", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00332-00193336-00193928": "to look at the relevant sub-matrix and that's what we do here. So on the second half of the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00333-00193928-00194536": "slide is exactly the same as what you saw before, except now in the top of the slide, I show you the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00334-00194536-00195352": "changes to the recurrent interactions within the raphe to habenula sub-matrix from this RNN.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00335-00195352-00195992": "So you see log probability density as a function of interaction strength. In black is the baseline", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00336-00195992-00196624": "period and in red, the histogram shows the initial phase, or early in the experiment.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00337-00196624-00197048": "And you'll see that in this particular fish, there isn't that much of a difference between", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00338-00197048-00197648": "the baseline in the early part of the experiment and it's only later on, which is indicated by the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00339-00197648-00198200": "expansion in the range of the blue histogram, that there are changes to the structural difference", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00340-00198200-00198672": "between the raphe to habenula projection. So what we're saying here is that there are", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00341-00198672-00199328": "two different mechanisms at play in mediating the transition from active to passive coping in", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00342-00199328-00199992": "the larval zebrafish. So taken together what do our results show? So in 2019, we showed that the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00343-00199992-00200568": "habenular interactions ramp with persistent and inescapable adversity. And looking at", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00344-00200624-00201168": "the connectivity, or recurrent interactions from RNNs that have been fitted, this data", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00345-00201168-00201640": "showed that there were unexpected feedback interactions from the raphe to habenula.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00346-00201696-00202304": "What we're now developing is this current-based decomposition method, which can reveal unexpected", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00347-00202304-00202944": "effects, such as differential roles of the raphe and telencephalon projections into the habenula.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00348-00203056-00203560": "Some of those changes are driven by fast rotations to the current manifold.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00349-00203560-00204152": "And some of them may be mediated by slower changes and manifest themselves in looking at", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00350-00204152-00204880": "these types of recurrent interactions brain-wide. And so when we're talking about looking at circuit", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00351-00204880-00205456": "mechanisms that are conserved, as well as identifying where key divergences occur,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00352-00205456-00206064": "we're currently taking this type of data constrained RNN approach, and trying to expand", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00353-00206064-00206504": "it to a variety of different nervous systems. So we have learned a lot today, right? In the", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00354-00206504-00206944": "first lecture we saw some of the foundational elements of what goes into recurrent neural", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00355-00206944-00207432": "network models, what the vocabulary is, what are the properties of specific", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00356-00207432-00208023": "types of recurrent neural network models, and how we can get dynamically rich patterns of", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00357-00208023-00208592": "activity from them. In the second lecture we saw how RNNs have been applied profitably for", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00358-00208592-00209144": "mechanistic discovery in neuroscience. And that involved looking at training algorithms and that", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00359-00209144-00209767": "involved-- through a few examples, including an in-depth dive into an example from my own lab,", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00360-00209767-00210384": "how reverse engineering, recurrent neural network models may give us ideas about mechanisms", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00361-00210384-00211048": "that are inaccessible from experiments alone. And so with that, I would like to conclude and", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00362-00211104-00211632": "thank you all for your attention. I would like to thank my colleagues in the lab who've helped", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00363-00211632-00212232": "enormously with development of this tutorial. I'd like to thank the digital strategy, design", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00364-00212344-00212952": "team. I would like to thank Eve Marder, Mehrdad, Memming Park, and Larry Abbott for their helpful", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00365-00212952-00213440": "comments on the contents of this lecture. I'd like to take a moment and thank the co-sign", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00366-00213440-00214000": "program committee and chairs and the tutorial chair Memming for giving me this opportunity", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00367-00214000-00214432": "and our fearless team of TAs. And I hope you've gotten to know them a little bit during the first", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00368-00214432-00214928": "hands-on session, and you'll get to know them a lot in the second one as well. You would have seen", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00369-00214984-00215480": "their names flashed before you in various slides and that's because each of them is", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00370-00215480-00215808": "a domain expert in some of the stuff that I've talked to you about today.", "3aYJgBMtbCc-00371-00215808-00216448": "I would like to take a second and thank my funding sources for their faith in our ideas. Thank you."}}, {"audio_id": "3bxNr3JN1CI", "text": {"3bxNr3JN1CI-00000-00000552-00001032": "USS FREEDOM WORKED WITH THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT TO DELIVER 10 PALLETS OF SUPPLIES TO TACLOBAN", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00001-00001032-00001313": "NOVEMBER 24TH AS PART OF OPERATION DAMAYAN.", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00002-00001313-00001702": "THE PALLETS WERE LOADED ONTO FREEDOM LAST WEEK IN SINGAPORE WHERE SHE JOINED OTHER NAVY", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00003-00001702-00001962": "SHIPS IN THE TYPHOON RELIEF EFFORT.", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00004-00001962-00002379": "FREEDOM'S MULTI-MISSION HELICOPTERS AIRLIFTED THE PALLETS INTO THE CITY AND UNLOADED THE", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00005-00002379-00002584": "MEDICAL AND HYGENIC SUPPLIES.", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00006-00002584-00002955": "ACROSS THE FLEET, PETTY OFFICER ADVANCEMENT QUOTAS ARE OUT, AND YOU COULD BE ONE OF THE", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00007-00002955-00003420": "MORE THAN 21,000 SAILORS WHO WILL ADVANCE TO E-4, E-5 OR E-6.", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00008-00003420-00003807": "ALTHOUGH THE OVERALL ADVANCEMENT OPPORTUNITY DECREASED SLIGHTLY, IT IS STILL ABOVE THE", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00009-00003807-00003935": "10 YEAR AVERAGE.", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00010-00003935-00004328": "QUOTAS ARE NOW POSTED, AND RESULTS ARE EXPECTED TO BE POSTED LATER THIS WEEK ON THE", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00011-00004328-00004503": "HANDS MAGAZINE WEBSITE.", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00012-00004503-00004657": "READ MORE ABOUT THESE STORIES NAVY.", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00013-00004657-00004757": "MIL.", "3bxNr3JN1CI-00014-00004757-00004868": "FROM ALL HANDS UPDATE, THANKS FOR WATCHING."}}, {"audio_id": "3beQQD16MI4", "text": {"3beQQD16MI4-00000-00000000-00000200": "Good."}}, {"audio_id": "3bHtMKJ5n1U", "text": {"3bHtMKJ5n1U-00000-00000523-00001017": "Hello, this is Jiny from Jiny Diet V^_^V", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00001-00001101-00001418": "It's been a while since I've uploaded an exercise routine", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00002-00001418-00001768": "Today's routine will target an area you all love", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00003-00001768-00002242": "Today's exercise routine will aim to separate your inner thighs!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00004-00002242-00002395": "Applause! *Clap clap clap*", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00005-00002395-00002809": "I have previously uploaded videos that target inner thighs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00006-00002809-00003199": "There are two videos that have received such positive feedback and effective reviews!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00007-00003199-00003857": "The first inner thigh video specifically targeted the upper inner thighs as well", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00008-00003857-00004110": "I previously stated this in the video as well", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00009-00004110-00004367": "But when we see ourselves from the front", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00010-00004367-00004674": "The fat located in the very upper inner thighs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00011-00004674-00004844": "It's not exclusive to the inner part", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00012-00004844-00005385": "In reality, it's the fat from the inner, back and diagonal sides that makes it look like the inner part from the front", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00013-00005395-00005779": "So the first video targeted the very upper inner thighs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00014-00005779-00006239": "Especially the inner, back and diagonal areas within the inner thighs!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00015-00006239-00006606": "And the second video targeted the inner thighs as a whole", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00016-00006606-00007027": "It was a routine built to completely separate your thighs :)", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00017-00007040-00007367": "And for the third inner thigh video", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00018-00007367-00007564": "Today's targeted area will be...", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00019-00007564-00007841": "It will most certainly be the overall inner thighs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00020-00007841-00008311": "Out of the overall area, we will specifically target the very inner portion from the upper thighs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00021-00008311-00008648": "The first video targeted the use of the diagonal and back sides", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00022-00008648-00008922": "Today's video will be especially for the most inner part of the upper area", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00023-00008922-00009135": "The absolute inner part of the upper inner upper inner upper spot!!!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00024-00009135-00009452": "Today's exercise will specifically target this area!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00025-00009452-00009566": "Yayay!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00026-00009569-00009889": "So, the level of difficulty for today's routine will be", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00027-00009889-00010173": "Out of 5 stars, it's a 3!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00028-00010173-00010433": "So let's firstly do one set and continue our chat after", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00029-00010433-00010560": "We've got to do it first", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00030-00010560-00010680": "Let's go!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00031-00010864-00011491": "This exercise routine will specifically target the upper inner thighs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00032-00011548-00011861": "This routine is comprised of 3 sets", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00033-00011861-00012188": "Each exercise will be for 20 seconds", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00034-00012278-00012482": "Let us begin the exercise", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00035-00012482-00012619": "Set 1", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00036-00012675-00013173": "Lie sideways on the mat and ensure your body is straight from head to toe", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00037-00013253-00013526": "Place your top leg on the mat as shown", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00038-00013560-00013887": "Your core should be modestly engaged at this time", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00039-00013943-00014090": "Pelvic movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00040-00014113-00014404": "When lying down sideways, the upper pelvis tends to tilt towards the body", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00041-00014404-00014677": "Which removes the space between your waist and the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00042-00014708-00015044": "By pushing down your pelvis as demonstrated", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00043-00015044-00015395": "Ensure there is space between your waist and the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00044-00015395-00015749": "We will repeat this pelvic movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00045-00015775-00016209": "Exhale as you push your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00046-00016269-00016800": "Though it looks simple, this movement is key to accurately use your inner thigh muscles", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00047-00016846-00017193": "It's not about the large movements in today's exercise", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00048-00017193-00017560": "Rather, it's important to continue maintaining this strength throughout the workout", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00049-00017560-00017724": "So please remember this!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00050-00017817-00017937": "Leg up stay", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00051-00017967-00018321": "Holding the pelvis downwards from the previous exercise", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00052-00018321-00018788": "Slightly raise your lower leg and keep it straightened", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00053-00018838-00019235": "Don't think about raising it higher but focus on holding your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00054-00019292-00019552": "Remember to hold your pelvis as you keep your lower leg raised", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00055-00019612-00019983": "By holding your pelvis downwards and keeping your lower leg raised", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00056-00019983-00020460": "This will wake up your inner thigh muscles", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00057-00020867-00020967": "Leg up", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00058-00020997-00021344": "Exhale as you lift your lower leg higher", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00059-00021394-00021558": "Same story holds true for this part", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00060-00021558-00021888": "Rather than raising your leg higher and moving your pelvis", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00061-00021888-00022152": "Which will cause your waist to touch the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00062-00022182-00022639": "Remember to concentrate on keeping your pelvis intact while you raise your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00063-00022696-00023166": "This movement could be difficult if you have weaker inner and side thigh muscles", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00064-00023193-00023703": "It's alright even if you can't raise your leg up fully, just make sure to add strength to it", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00065-00023767-00023943": "Leg up front and back", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00066-00023963-00024247": "Keep your lower leg raised in this position", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00067-00024247-00024708": "Exhale as you move your lower leg backwards and repeat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00068-00024708-00025138": "Keep your leg raised just to the point it will not touch the floor", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00069-00025138-00025652": "Move your legs forwards and backwards while maintaining this height", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00070-00025722-00026015": "Raising your legs higher isn't necessarily a better workout", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00071-00026036-00026613": "It's more important to concentrate on engaging your pelvis downwards while keeping your leg up", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00072-00026793-00026926": "Leg move circle", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00073-00026926-00027217": "Exhale as you draw a circle", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00074-00027217-00027640": "It won't be easy to draw a circle as you're engaging your pelvis", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00075-00027640-00028038": "But keep trying to imagine drawing a circle", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00076-00028074-00028565": "The key point is to keep your pelvis downwards as you do this movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00077-00028565-00028865": "But if you lose strength of your pelvis and your waist reaches the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00078-00028865-00029279": "Keep trying to lower your pelvis as you draw circles with your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00079-00029309-00029509": "Leg move circle reverse", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00080-00029536-00029696": "The final move from set 1", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00081-00029696-00029999": "This time, draw a circle in the other direction", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00082-00030243-00030707": "Remember to slightly engage your core as you exhale", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00083-00031514-00031624": "Set 2", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00084-00031664-00032255": "This time, fold your arms and place your head as we repeat the previous movements", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00085-00032322-00032549": "Fold your upper legs on top of the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00086-00032549-00032882": "Remember to keep your core modestly engaged", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00087-00032912-00033243": "This set will be more difficult than set 1", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00088-00033263-00033620": "But I know you can do it! :) Stay strong and keep going!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00089-00033770-00033910": "Pelvic movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00090-00033923-00034367": "Just like before, we will continue to practice lowering the upper pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00091-00034401-00034771": "It will be more difficult to push your pelvis downwards compared to set 1", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00092-00034804-00035245": "This movement will not only be more effective but it will burn away the side fat from your waist", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00093-00035245-00035522": "Exhale as your lower your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00094-00035568-00035965": "Keep your core tight as you lower your pelvis", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00095-00036076-00036222": "Leg up stay", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00096-00036222-00036730": "Slightly raise your lower leg as you keep your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00097-00036760-00037127": "Concentrate on maintaining both muscle movements", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00098-00037157-00037640": "Though it might feel more awkward than the previous set, continue on with the exercise", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00099-00038271-00038361": "Leg up", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00100-00038361-00038715": "Exhale as you raise your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00101-00038715-00039085": "Raise your lower leg as you keep it straightened", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00102-00039085-00039536": "I continue to repeat this but lifting your leg higher is not important!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00103-00039536-00040106": "The key point of this exercise is to engage your upper inner thigh muscles", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00104-00040106-00040653": "It is more important for you to keep your pelvis downwards while you raise your lower leg upwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00105-00040777-00040940": "Leg up front and back", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00106-00040967-00041501": "Lift your lower leg to the point you can still maintain the space between your waist and the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00107-00041501-00041921": "Exhale as you move your lower leg backwards and forwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00108-00041978-00042335": "Instead of moving your legs a lot and tilting your waist", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00109-00042335-00042649": "Ensure your core is engaged to keep your torso stable", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00110-00042649-00042999": "Even if your movements are small, that's still good enough", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00111-00042999-00043333": "At this time, your legs might be inclined to come forwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00112-00043333-00043797": "But try to keep your leg moving backwards rather than forwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00113-00043840-00043993": "Leg move circle", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00114-00044020-00044370": "Exhale as you draw circles with your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00115-00044437-00044928": "Although it may not be a perfect circle, that's alright", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00116-00044928-00045228": "Your efforts in trying to draw a circle is enough", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00117-00045959-00046159": "Leg move circle reverse", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00118-00046182-00046493": "Lastly, draw your circles in the opposite direction!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00119-00046543-00046960": "Although it's become more difficult to keep your pelvis lowered compared to set 1", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00120-00046960-00047297": "Let's keep it going for the final round!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00121-00048168-00048398": "Set 3 - This is the last set!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00122-00048398-00048768": "This set is comprised of two movements", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00123-00048768-00049199": "Your torso should now be slightly heightened as demonstrated", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00124-00049262-00049466": "Keep your upper leg on the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00125-00049466-00049756": "Remember to keep your core tight as well", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00126-00049756-00049913": "Scapula movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00127-00049946-00050250": "Exhale as you lower your shoulders", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00128-00050250-00050630": "If you're already starting to feel tired", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00129-00050630-00050940": "It's easy to over-use your shoulders", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00130-00050940-00051391": "By practicing this movement, it will help stabilize your shoulder blades", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00131-00051424-00051905": "As you clench your fists on your mat, push against your shoulder blades as demonstrated", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00132-00052011-00052102": "Leg up", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00133-00052102-00052338": "This is the last movement from this routine", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00134-00052382-00052812": "While maintaining the strength to lower your shoulder blades, raise your lower legs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00135-00052812-00053186": "Unlike the previous set's movements", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00136-00053186-00053513": "It's alright to not engage your pelvis", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00137-00053513-00054003": "Ensure your shoulder blades are continuously engaged as you raise your legs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00138-00054003-00054457": "It's alright even if your movements are small in nature", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00139-00054537-00054928": "Switching sides, we will now begin the exercise with the opposite leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00140-00054928-00055118": "You can do this!!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00141-00055118-00055248": "Set 1", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00142-00055271-00055792": "Lie sideways on the mat as you straighten your body from head to toe", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00143-00055875-00056149": "Fold your upper leg onto the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00144-00056149-00056456": "Keep your core engaged", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00145-00056553-00056679": "Pelvic movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00146-00056679-00057297": "As you lie sideways, your upper pelvis will tilt towards your body removing the space between your waist and the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00147-00057297-00057971": "Create a space between your waist and the mat as you push your pelvis downwards as shown", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00148-00058011-00058318": "We will repeat this pelvic movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00149-00058388-00058835": "Exhale as you push your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00150-00058865-00059399": "Though it looks simple, this is the key movement that will engage your inner thigh muscles", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00151-00059432-00059796": "Instead of large movements for today's workout", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00152-00059796-00060323": "It's important to keep the strength to maintain your pelvis in mind above all things!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00153-00060386-00060523": "Leg up stay", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00154-00060523-00060917": "Holding the downward movement in the previous movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00155-00060917-00061371": "Slightly lift your lower leg as you keep it straightened", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00156-00061374-00061768": "Rather than lifting your leg up high, remember to keep your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00157-00061768-00062082": "Keep your leg raised in this way", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00158-00062118-00062492": "By maintaining the strength to keep your pelvis downwards as well as keeping your lower leg up", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00159-00062492-00062929": "This way your inner thigh muscles will be awakened!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00160-00062989-00063062": "Leg up", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00161-00063076-00063456": "Exhale as you raise your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00162-00063566-00063880": "If you raise your leg too high, this will cause your hips to move", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00163-00063880-00064130": "And the space between your waist and the mat will disappear", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00164-00064130-00064597": "Concentrate on keeping your pelvis downwards as you raise your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00165-00065221-00065388": "Leg up front and back", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00166-00065388-00065718": "Keep your lower leg up in this position", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00167-00065718-00066132": "Exhale as you move your lower leg backwards and forwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00168-00066176-00066579": "Keep your lower leg up to the height where your legs do not touch the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00169-00066606-00067107": "Move your legs backwards and forwards while maintaining this height", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00170-00067133-00067470": "Raising your legs higher is not a better workout!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00171-00067470-00068064": "It's important to keep your pelvis engaged downwards as you raise your leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00172-00068184-00068328": "Leg move circle", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00173-00068328-00068635": "Exhale as you draw circles with your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00174-00068635-00069069": "Remember to maintain the strength to keep your upper pelvis pressing downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00175-00069069-00069375": "If you get tired and your waist keeps touching the floor", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00176-00069375-00069806": "Please continue to try to draw circles as you press your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00177-00070363-00070540": "Leg move circle reverse", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00178-00070540-00070730": "This is the last move for set 1", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00179-00070730-00071020": "We will continue drawing circles in the opposite direction", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00180-00071157-00071601": "Remember to keep your core modestly engaged as you exhale", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00181-00072398-00072499": "Set 2", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00182-00072535-00072729": "Place your head on your hands as you fold your arms", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00183-00072746-00073073": "We will repeat the previous movements in this position", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00184-00073073-00073366": "Fold your upper leg and place it on the mat as shown", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00185-00073366-00073673": "Remember to keep your core engaged as well", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00186-00073753-00073873": "Pelvic movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00187-00073923-00074350": "Just like before, we will practice engaging our pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00188-00074394-00074754": "Although it may be harder to do this than the previous set", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00189-00074784-00075221": "This is not only more effective but it can also burn away the side fat from your waist", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00190-00075221-00075512": "Exhale as you press your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00191-00075538-00075922": "Keep your core tight as you engage your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00192-00076005-00076166": "Leg up stay", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00193-00076166-00076679": "Raise your lower leg as you maintain the strength to keep your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00194-00076679-00077050": "Concentrate on both of these muscles", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00195-00077050-00077584": "Although it may feel more awkward than the previous set, keep maintaining this position!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00196-00078184-00078274": "Leg up", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00197-00078274-00078625": "Exhale as you lift your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00198-00078655-00078938": "Keep in mind it's not about raising your leg higher", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00199-00078968-00079542": "Our objective is to engage the upper inner thigh muscles", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00200-00079542-00080076": "It's important for us to keep your pelvis pushing downwards while raising your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00201-00080293-00080450": "Leg up front and back", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00202-00080453-00081014": "Keep your lower leg up to the point you can still maintain the space between your waist and the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00203-00081014-00081458": "Exhale as you move your lower leg backwards and forwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00204-00081491-00081851": "Instead of making large movements that might affect your back", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00205-00081851-00082182": "Keep your torso stable and core engaged", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00206-00082182-00082495": "Little movements forwards and backwards are enough", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00207-00082545-00082689": "Leg move circle", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00208-00082725-00083113": "Exhale as you draw circles with your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00209-00083153-00083663": "It's okay if it's not a perfect circle", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00210-00083683-00083963": "Your effort in trying to draw circles is enough", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00211-00084714-00084904": "Leg move circle reverse", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00212-00084931-00085278": "Lastly, we will draw circles in the opposite direction", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00213-00085308-00085745": "Although it's more difficult to engage your pelvis downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00214-00085745-00086055": "We can get through this for the last exercise!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00215-00086926-00087197": "Set 3 This is the last set", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00216-00087270-00087684": "Raise your body in this position as demonstrated", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00217-00087684-00087924": "Fold your upper legs and place it on the mat", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00218-00087924-00088264": "Keep your core slightly engaged as well", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00219-00088468-00088625": "Scapula movement", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00220-00088625-00088958": "Exhale as you bring your shoulder blades downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00221-00088998-00089349": "If you're already beginning to feel tired", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00222-00089349-00089829": "It's easy to over-use your shoulders so this practice will help", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00223-00089829-00090076": "To stabilize your shoulder blades", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00224-00090100-00090637": "Clench your fists as you bring your shoulder blades downwards", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00225-00090637-00090740": "Leg up", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00226-00090787-00090977": "Maintaining the downward pressure on your shoulder blades", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00227-00090977-00091207": "Raise your lower leg", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00228-00091207-00091925": "It's okay not to engage your pelvis like we've done in the previous movements", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00229-00091925-00092435": "Make sure to not let go of the strength in your shoulders as you raise your legs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00230-00092842-00092989": "You've done well", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00231-00093052-00093283": "Wow!!! *Clap clap*", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00232-00093283-00093583": "I heard you all like my clapping!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00233-00093583-00093880": "I'll clap lots for you today!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00234-00093880-00094063": "You've done SO well!!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00235-00094063-00094441": "Well I mean it was 3/5 in terms of difficulty so it was do-able, right?", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00236-00094491-00094951": "To be honest, as I was preparing a routine to completely separate your thighs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00237-00094951-00095208": "I made a routine which was at level 5/5 difficulty", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00238-00095208-00095438": "But this was also really difficult for me", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00239-00095438-00095839": "So I thought it might be too much of a surprise for all of you", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00240-00095839-00096022": "So I prepared today's 3-star routine!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00241-00096022-00096329": "As long as you continue to do this and train with this routine", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00242-00096329-00096716": "I will come back with the 5-star routine ;)", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00243-00096716-00097230": "Now, lastly I will explain the best way to follow these exercises", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00244-00097230-00097490": "When you stand still and look at yourself in the mirror", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00245-00097490-00098114": "Compared to other areas, if you're one of those who are stressed about the upper inner thighs", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00246-00098114-00098598": "Compared to your other muscles, this area might not have been as engaged", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00247-00098598-00098958": "Follow this workout everyday for one week", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00248-00098958-00099242": "It's important to match the balance compared to your other muscles", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00249-00099242-00099779": "Afterwards, when you do another workout, you'll be able to see the difference in your performance as well!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00250-00099779-00100266": "Secondly, if you already do other type of exercises or workouts at home", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00251-00100266-00100677": "And you do want to lose some inner thigh fat but it's not a real concern for you", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00252-00100677-00101037": "If you're more interested in shaping your body for a beautiful silhouette", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00253-00101037-00101588": "If you do today's workout in conjunction with the two  other videos I mentioned in the intro", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00254-00101588-00101918": "I prepared a super effective weekly routine right here", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00255-00101918-00102198": "By incorporating these workouts for just one week", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00256-00102198-00102398": "The space between your legs...", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00257-00102398-00102499": "(You already know)", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00258-00102499-00102682": "Believe!! (We'll be waiting for your review and feedback on this!)", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00259-00102682-00103082": "We've come to the end of today's workout", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00260-00103082-00103429": "We actually filmed this in our studio but the lighting was so dark", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00261-00103429-00104080": "But it was such a failure so we had to re-film as we quickly rented out a studio", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00262-00104080-00104437": "I'm so happy that the lighting is soooo nice here :)", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00263-00104437-00104637": "That was the TMI for today", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00264-00104637-00104818": "Bye for now!", "3bHtMKJ5n1U-00265-00104908-00105041": "You can all do it!! (Hwaiting!)"}}, {"audio_id": "3cdQq6fb_-M", "text": {"3cdQq6fb_-M-00000-00000000-00015365": "150BPM"}}, {"audio_id": "3c0uU5NhLdk", "text": {"3c0uU5NhLdk-00000-00000063-00000544": "G'day students, I'm Dr Price, I'm going to teach you today about how to remember the", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00001-00000544-00001124": "\"5x Tables\". So I've started off writing the 5x tables here and I've expect you've already", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00002-00001124-00001725": "looked at them and so you'll know how this pattern goes. We start with \"5, 10, 15 then", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00003-00001725-00002781": "we have 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45\". \"You can see a pattern can't you?\" The number ones", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00004-00002781-00003600": "is going \"5, 0, 5, 0, 5, 0\" all the way, we can continue this, \"50, 55, 60\" and so it", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00005-00003600-00004201": "will go on and on if we keep on adding 5. So what I want you to think about is, \"Why", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00006-00004201-00004687": "does it keep going 5 and then 0 and 5 and then 0?\" We'll if you look at your hands you", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00007-00004687-00005158": "might get a clue, if you look at the digits, the thumb in the fingers in one hand of course", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00008-00005158-00005606": "there are 5 of them. If you have a second hand and put it next to it, of course that", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00009-00005606-00006336": "makes \"10\". So every time we have 2 fives that makes \"10\", and so we have this round", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00010-00006336-00007036": "numbers \"10, 20, 30, 40, 50\" and so on, every second answer in the 5x table is one of those", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00011-00007036-00007623": "round numbers and the next number after that has a 5 on the end. So after 30 we have 35", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00012-00007623-00008363": "and then 40 and then the next one is 45 and so on. Here's some 10 frames, and I've started", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00013-00008363-00008932": "putting some counters out and this will show us the same thing in another way, so here", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00014-00008932-00009667": "we have \"5 and 5 and of course, 5 and 5 makes 10, pairs of 5 makes 10\". \"What if we had", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00015-00009667-00010497": "another 5?\" Of course that will make 10 and 5. Let me write some more numbers down, \"10", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00016-00010497-00011167": "+ 5\" and of course that's \"15\", and so that is going to be our pattern all the way through", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00017-00011167-00011961": "the 5x table. Let's look at another way of thinking about this; I'm going to push these", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00018-00011961-00013150": "together into long columns. So, that's not very straight is it? There we go, here we", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00019-00013150-00013869": "have columns of 10 and of course there are 3 columns. \"How many are 3 tens?\" Of course", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00020-00013869-00014869": "3 tens make 30. \"What if I removed half of them down here?\" Now we have 5 in a column", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00021-00014869-00015318": "and there are still 3 columns. \"What are 3 fives?\" So this is one of our times tables", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00022-00015318-00016113": "or number facts. 3 fives must be half of the 30 that we started with and of course half", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00023-00016113-00017047": "of 30 is \"15\". So another way of thinking about the 5x tables is to think, \"What is", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00024-00017047-00017710": "half the number of tens?\" So let me show you what I mean. Supposing we had 6 x 5, and we", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00025-00017710-00018772": "say \"What is 6 x 5?\" \"What would 6 x 10 be equal to?\" 6 x 10 of course is \"60\", because", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00026-00018772-00019614": "that's what we call 6 tens. Half of 6 x 10 will be 6 x 5, \"What is half of 60?\" That's", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00027-00019614-00020159": "30. So if we just do that every time we can get the right answer. It helps if this is", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00028-00020159-00020672": "an even number because half an even number is a whole number. \"What about a harder one?\"", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00029-00020672-00021339": "Supposing the question was 9 x 5? \"How would you work out the answer?\" Well we could do", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00030-00021339-00022083": "the same thing. \"What is 9 x 10?\" 9 tens are \"90\", \"What's half of 90?\" That is harder", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00031-00022083-00022796": "you have to think of it more carefully. Half of 9 will be 4 and a half, because 2 fours", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00032-00022796-00023506": "are 8. So 4 and a half will be 4 tens a 40, half 10 is 5, its \"45\". There are a number", "3c0uU5NhLdk-00033-00023506-00023969": "of ways to think about it but it's always going to come back to \"2 fives make 10\"."}}, {"audio_id": "3c35B2IkdpQ", "text": {"3c35B2IkdpQ-00000-00000008-00000390": "The other day, I was browsing the internet, and I found this article about flying snakes!", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00001-00000428-00000544": "Flying snakes!!", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00002-00000544-00000911": "And I was like, \"Whoa!\"and also like, \"How do they do that?\"", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00003-00001512-00001832": "So this article was published in The New York Times and it's interesting, right?", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00004-00001832-00002224": "But it's, like, not the original research... like, the scientists who did the experiments", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00005-00002224-00002584": "to figure out how snakes fly, like, they didn't publish their research in The New York Times.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00006-00002640-00003024": "That article where they published their research? That is here. The New York Times actually links to", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00007-00003024-00003520": "it. This is the article where the researchers say, \"We did these experiments and here's what we found", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00008-00003520-00003799": "and here are the conclusions that we make.\"", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00009-00003799-00004019": "Wecall this a \"primary literature paper\" because it came first.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00010-00004019-00004423": "The New York Times couldn't know how snakes fly without scientists doing experiments to figure it out, right?", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00011-00004423-00004877": "Now, when scientistsdo experiments to figure something out, they could just like, walk around with that newknowledge, like,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00012-00004877-00005656": "\"Haha... I know how snakes fly and you don't\" but scientists don't do that,okay? They want to share their knowledge withother scientists, with the rest of the world,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00013-00005656-00006208": "andthe way they do that is, they write a lab writeup. Like, literally, like, if you ever wrote a labwriteup in school, it's like, exactly the same", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00014-00006208-00006616": "thing. There's an introduction, materials and methods, like, here are the data/results section,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00015-00006616-00006893": "uh, conclusion section, like, scientists literallywrite that.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00016-00006893-00007495": "Now, they could just publish that on the internet, right, like anybody can publishanything on the internet, but you know,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00017-00007495-00007705": "not everything on the internet is really...", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00018-00007705-00007903": "...trustworthy...?", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00019-00007903-00008428": "So what they do instead, is, they send it to a scientific journal. In the scientific journal, the people of the scientific journal,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00020-00008428-00008977": "they may not be experts on how snakes fly, like, they can'treally tell if this is, like, really trustworthy science or not.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00021-00008977-00009416": "So what they do, is they send itto scientists who can tell - other people who are experts in the field.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00022-00009416-00009675": "Those scientists (we callthem the Reviewers).", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00023-00009675-00009913": "The reviewer's job is to be skeptical.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00024-00009913-00010383": "So maybe what they'll do is, theysay, \"You know, this is an interesting conclusion, but, I think it would be stronger -", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00025-00010383-00010678": "I'd be moreconvinced - if you did a couple other experiments.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00026-00010712-00011208": "So, the journal will send those reviews, those comments, back to the scientists and the", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00027-00011208-00011640": "scientists will do those other experiments, and then they will write up a new draft,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00028-00011640-00012040": "and they'll send it to the scientific journal, and the scientific journal will publish it. Okay, that", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00029-00012040-00012680": "is what we call \"peer review\" and every primary literature scientific article is peer-reviewed.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00030-00012680-00013213": "So other scientists review it to make sure that it sort of makes sense, that the conclusions aresupported by the data.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00031-00013260-00013608": "So, a primary literaturearticle, unlike the New York Times article, is:", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00032-00013608-00013773": "published in a scientific journal,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00033-00013773-00013897": "peer-reviewed,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00034-00013897-00014135": "written by the scientists who did the experiments,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00035-00014135-00014327": "and it's about the experiments that they did.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00036-00014327-00014704": "Itreports the data that they discovered by doing the experiments.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00037-00014704-00015133": "Now, the New York Times article isless about the data. They're not going to show you the data.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00038-00015133-00015623": "It's more about the conclusions, right,like the \"Wow! Now we know how snakes fly!\"", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00039-00015637-00016417": "That type of article is called a \"secondaryliterature article\",  because it comes second, right? They can't publish it without the primaryliterature article being published first.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00040-00016792-00017217": "Okay, so let's say you find an article on the internet and you're like, \"Is this a primaryliterature article?\"", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00041-00017217-00017409": "How do you tell?", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00042-00017409-00018264": "Thequick-and-easy way to do it is to look for an \"abstract\".  The abstract is like the \"tl;dr\"version of the paper, like, one paragraph, \"Here'swhat we did and what we found\".", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00043-00018308-00018740": "All scientificarticles have abstracts. They are alwaysavailable.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00044-00018740-00018996": "I say that because there are a lot of journals that keep their articles behinda paywall.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00045-00018996-00019416": "Don't get me on my high-horse about that, because it's a problem in science. Anyway.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00046-00019416-00019840": "You'll always have access to the abstract. So if it has an abstract, it's a scientific paper.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00047-00020216-00020584": "Scientific journals publish two different types of papers, generally.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00048-00020584-00021040": "There's \"primary literature papers\" (what we've just been talking about) and there are \"review articles\".", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00049-00021152-00021649": "Review articles are published in a scientific journal. They're peer-reviewed and they're writtenby scientists.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00050-00021657-00021992": "What they are, is: when a scientist reads a whole lot of primary literature papers,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00051-00021992-00022500": "or a couple scientists, they'll synthesize it all into one big picture for you.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00052-00022500-00023024": "So, primary literature articles are really, really focused. They're on a particular problem and they're like", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00053-00023034-00023536": "building blocks, okay, and the people who write review articles, they're scientists in the field.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00054-00023536-00023912": "And they read all the primary literature papers, and they say, \"Hmm, what does that all mean?\"", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00055-00023976-00024400": "So the review article is, like, stepping back. It's like the big picture of, like,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00056-00024400-00024776": "where the field has been for the last few years and, like, where they think it's going.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00057-00024776-00025240": "The review articles are, like, super useful but they are not primary literature articles.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00058-00025240-00025632": "So how can you tell the difference if you find a paper that has an abstract, how do you know", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00059-00025632-00025976": "whether it's a review article or a primary literature article? There are a couple ways.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00060-00025976-00026376": "First of all, just look to see if there's the word \"review\" somewhere. Okay, so sometimes it'll just", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00061-00026376-00026776": "be listed on there it's a review article. By the way, just because it doesn't say \"review\" doesn't mean it's", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00062-00026776-00027160": "a primary literature article. Sometimes they just don't advertise \"review\". So here's a couple other", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00063-00027160-00027752": "things you can look for. One: look at the title. If the title is: really specific, kind of long,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00064-00027752-00028239": "maybe hard to understand, it's probably a primary literature article. If the title is short and", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00065-00028239-00028704": "generic, it's probably a review article. That's not always true, but it's generally true. The", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00066-00028704-00029224": "other foolproof way is to look for data, because, remember that primary literature articles are", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00067-00029224-00029624": "about experiments and they report data and that's the big difference between a primary literature", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00068-00029624-00030280": "article and a review article. So, if you see signs of data, like, figures with graphs and pictures,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00069-00030280-00030704": "then that's a primary literature article. Now you might not always have access to the paper,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00070-00030704-00031127": "because papers are behind paywall sometimes, so you can do some sleuthing in the abstract. So", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00071-00031127-00031664": "if in the abstract they say something like, \"We tested, or, we analyzed, or, we assessed, and", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00072-00031664-00032127": "they were doing something - they were generating data - that's the primary literature paper. If,", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00073-00032127-00032583": "on the other hand, they say, \"We review, or, we summarize, then that's a review article.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00074-00032680-00033072": "So the reason I'm so excited about primary literature articles, is that, you yourself get to", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00075-00033072-00033448": "make your own conclusions. You don't have to rely on an expert to interpret it for you, because the", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00076-00033448-00033880": "data are right there. You can look at the data and interpret it yourself. Now, in the beginning when", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00077-00033880-00034216": "you start reading primary literature articles, it's hard. Like it's hard to understand.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00078-00034216-00034624": "But the more you read, the easier it gets, and the savvier you'll get at making your own conclusions.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00079-00034624-00035192": "By the way, that snake paper - super cool - they don't actually fly, they glide, from treetop to treetop.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00080-00035192-00035536": "They live in Southeast Asia and they're not venomous to humans, so don't worry about them.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00081-00035536-00035984": "What they do when they fly, they actually undulate their bodies like when they're swimming or when", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00082-00035984-00036480": "they're, like, steering across the sand... They do that, so that they don't roll over, so that they", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00083-00036480-00036944": "can land upright. It's super cool, I recommend you check it out. I've put it down in the description.", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00084-00036944-00037288": "Share with me in the comments your favorite primary literature article, because I love", "3c35B2IkdpQ-00085-00037288-00037872": "reading primary literature. And hit the subscribe button. I hope to see you in my next video!"}}, {"audio_id": "3cgIA-Oy0vE", "text": {"3cgIA-Oy0vE-00000-00043900-00045000": "we have to think about in all cities. Now, how can cities deal with rising groundwater without causing the land to sink, which makes their flooding problem worse?", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00001-00045000-00045800": "So the question is, what is groundwater and it is that water that you find when you dig down in the sand at the beach with your children.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00002-00045800-00046600": "That's groundwater and it's making its way to the ocean, which is what groundwater does it flows towards the ocean.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00003-00046600-00048000": "It fills the poor spaces in sand below ground it comes from rain, and it's just the rain is stored in the soil, and it's above the sea level because it's flowing towards the sea so as the sea", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00004-00048000-00048600": "rises this unconfined layer of water in the soil comes up.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00005-00048600-00049300": "It's like a lighter water on top of a heavier Salt water don't mix very well so the lighter water.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00006-00049300-00049700": "The fresh water and the soil rises This is what it looks like when it's happening.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00007-00049700-00050200": "This is at a high tide in Stanley andrew California.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00008-00050200-00051500": "It's about 100 meters from the ocean and the groundwater is coming up through a maintenance hole in the street, causing a little fountain to occur, and flooding the street.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00009-00051500-00052100": "This is a diagram I use to try to explain to public audiences.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00010-00052100-00052500": "What's going on, and it shows the ocean in dark blue.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00011-00052500-00053700": "It shows freshwater groundwater in light blue there's a levy here in green dry creek bed, because i'm in California, and we have a Mediterranean climate where creeks are off and dry in", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00012-00053700-00054900": "the winter. I'm sorry in the summer then it shows pollution underneath soil pollution underneath the parking lot, because that's also something we have a lot of we have a lot of former industrial sites.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00013-00054900-00056200": "We former military sites, where the soil is polluted and what we've done since the 1,900 eightys is capped, that pollution with concrete which is not a great solution when the water is coming up from", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00014-00056200-00056600": "below. Then we have sewer pipes, of course, under the streets.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00015-00056600-00057400": "Typically the sea level rises. it's like it's got its toe under the land, and it causes the groundwater to rise.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00016-00057400-00058700": "You start seeing more flooding in creeks there's inundation of these polluted sediments under parking lots and sewer pipes start to discharge more water, which means that they're", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00017-00058700-00059300": "filling with groundwater if they have any cracks at all, and across the United States are sewer pipes have many, many cracks.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00018-00059300-00060500": "Pretty much. All of them are cracked, it's going to let groundwater in, and that's going to use all the capacity in the pipe, and the pipe will no longer be available to convey", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00019-00060500-00061100": "stormwater away, or to convey human waste away because it'll already be full.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00020-00061100-00062000": "Then eventually that flooding shows up on the surface notice that all of this has happened, even though there's a levy.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00021-00062000-00063000": "So one important story here to cover is that even if you build a levy. You don't pump you're going to get flooding behind the levy, anyway.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00022-00063000-00064000": "So billions of dollars can be wasted if some strategy isn't developed for how to deal with rising groundwater behind the levy, and all of its consequences.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00023-00064000-00065600": "This is an example of a study done in 2,012, that showed that this effect of rising groundwater could extend as far as about 6 kilometers inland, so it extends pretty far in it could cause up to", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00024-00065600-00067100": "a 50% rise in stream flow, so we can see a lot more flow and surface streams, because that groundwater discharges are flows out sideways into those stream bids and causes the water to rise even without increased", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00025-00067100-00068800": "rain modified the Dutch diagram. Just to make this point, which is that rising sea level causes rising groundwater, which causes streams to rise somewhat independent even of an increase in extreme rainfall. events.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00026-00068800-00070100": "This is an example from New Zealand i'm gonna skip through the video, but it's the ocean coming onto a street in Christchurch, New Zealand at high.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00027-00070100-00070400": "Tide so that's what you're seeing here it's not a river.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00028-00070400-00071200": "If you look to the left, it's the ocean coming onto the street, and we happen to be there that day when the tide was especially high.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00029-00071200-00071700": "And we saw this woman trying to clear the drain in a storm drain.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00030-00071700-00072100": "But earlier we had seen that same storm drain bubbling up.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00031-00072100-00073100": "So the infrastructure we've built that's meant to carry flood water away is actually going to allow flood water to come up into the street and create spot flooding.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00032-00073100-00074100": "And then eventually permanent, flooding, because the pipes underground are filling with water that leaks in through cracks. Christchurch had an earthquake.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00033-00074100-00074400": "A lot of their pipes are cracked.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00034-00074400-00075600": "California has earthquakes. A lot of our pipes are cracked, the whole Pacific rim the and of course, areas in the Middle East and Mediterranean also have earthquakes, and that adds to the problem.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00035-00075600-00076300": "So the first critical impacts will happen underground long before you see groundwater emerging as flooding at the surface.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00036-00076300-00076900": "Then the Pacific room, of course, has this increased increased risk of the earthquakes.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00037-00076900-00077300": "A long with that a phenomenon called liquefaction.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00038-00077300-00077700": "This is Christchurch. New Zealand also was a hotel room.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00039-00077700-00078900": "I was staying in when I was visiting folks there, and you can see this is the foundation of an old hotel that fell part during there was damaged very seriously during their earthquake.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00040-00078900-00080200": "And you can see the foundation area is filled with Groundwater and in the background there's a river the Avon rivers behind this here, and and this groundwater is directly connected to the River.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00041-00080200-00081200": "Water it's all connected underground so this building was a greater risk, because its foundations were inundated by groundwater.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00042-00081200-00081900": "That's going to be a common occurrence around the world that rising sea levels are going to expose foundations to water.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00043-00081900-00082400": "They weren't designed to sit in and that's going to cause new risks.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00044-00082400-00083100": "Addition to the phenomenon of liquefaction itself, which is basically that the soil turns to a kind of jelly.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00045-00083100-00083700": "The acts like a liquid, as the earthquake energy passes through it, and objects like a car or a house.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00046-00083700-00084800": "A building have to adjust the fact that they have no support, and in this case the car fell right into the sandy soil and had to be dug out afterwards.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00047-00084800-00085200": "Luckily there was no one in this car, but it actually had to be excavated.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00048-00085200-00085700": "Once the energy wave had passed and the soil turns back to a solid.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00049-00085700-00086900": "There are contaminants, in all of coastal areas that have former industrial land uses or military land uses, and in this example it's from California, Richmond, California.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00050-00086900-00088500": "There's world class contamination. everything from radioactivity to hexavilion, chromium pcbs Ddt: everything we've ever made comes back to haunt us as coastal groundwater rises into those old", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00051-00088500-00089500": "contaminated soils. What happens is if you look on the top of this slide? You have a groundwater layer that's flowing towards the ocean.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00052-00089500-00090900": "You have hazardous chemicals right above that layer they have a concrete cap to keep the rain from coming through, and carrying those chemicals through the soil to the ocean, and as the ocean itself rises that", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00053-00090900-00091500": "groundwater rises, and it intersects with the contaminants that and carries them in new direction.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00054-00091500-00092400": "So we're really talking about the risk of a toxic soup occurring in coastal areas where there are old contaminated soils.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00055-00092400-00092800": "So it's almost like a little counterclockwise sequence of events.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00056-00092800-00094100": "We lost pipe capacity and storm and sanitary sewers Pollution rem mobilized risks of liqufaction in increasing as soils get wetter and eventually surface flooding.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00057-00094100-00094500": "And all of that can happen, even if you have a levy or a seawall.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00058-00094500-00096100": "So what are some of the strategies for dealing with this and I'll go to super fast there are walls I've written some articles about this that i'm happy to share that can be fixed static or a dynamic", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00059-00096100-00097400": "meaning moving walls, and there are landforms like dikes and levees, canals that are fixed, and there are landforms that are dynamic and moving like the Dutch Sand engine Project or Wetlands in San", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00060-00097400-00098100": "Francisco Bay. And the key thing to know is dynamic walls are very expensive.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00061-00098100-00099400": "Basically the most expensive option. Static walls are the next most expensive Static landforms, like Levy or mound, is the next cheapest.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00062-00099400-00099700": "But dynamic land forms like beaches and sand.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00063-00099700-00100100": "Dunes and marshes are the cheapest, and they provide 2 huge advantages.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00064-00100100-00100800": "One is that they support biodiversity and the other is that they can be transformed over time by future generations.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00065-00100800-00102200": "There's a big environment or i'm sorry intergenerational equity issue here, where, if you build a wall and the sea level rises beyond the height that that wall was designed for you end up having to take that wall out because", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00066-00102200-00102900": "the foundations can't just be added to you have to take it out and replace it, which is much more expensive.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00067-00102900-00103800": "Then something like a levy or a sand dune system where you can just add material as time goes by, without having to rip out the old one.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00068-00103800-00104100": "So it's a much better deal for future generations if we use landforms.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00069-00104100-00105800": "These kinds of infrastructure projects like the rotterdam storm search barrier were built as sort of trophy projects that can show the capacity of Dutch engineering, but they aren't really transferable to countries that don't have", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00070-00105800-00106500": "the kind of capital for flood control that the dutch have for example, it's too expensive to build these in the United States.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00071-00106500-00107800": "We wouldn't do it. So it's unlikely to transfer to other countries in the pacific or the southern hemisphere generally levees are a much more transferable idea.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00072-00107800-00108400": "They get very expensive. They have to be a lot bigger in order to respond to more sea level rise.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00073-00108400-00109000": "We've estimated in san francisco area that's going to cost between about 40 and 80,000,000,000 Us.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00074-00109000-00109900": "Dollars to build a seawall for just one meter of sea level rise and to double that would be almost twice as much money.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00075-00109900-00110900": "So it's an expensive strategy an adaptive shore zone that uses marshes in this case for San Francisco Bay uses sand dunes.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00076-00110900-00111500": "This is the original version of the Zan motor or sand engine built in the Netherlands.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00077-00111500-00111800": "That was cheaper than conventional beach nourishment.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00078-00111800-00112400": "This is what it looked like just 6 years later. This is better because it reduces wave energy.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00079-00112400-00113100": "Both marshes and beaches allow you to have lower levees that cost less money, and possibly no love you at all.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00080-00113100-00114400": "Adaptive urban districts are the key though, because if you want to use a cheaper shoreline strategy, you need a city that can flood, and i'll just show you quickly an example from Germany the city of Hamburg", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00081-00114400-00115300": "has a district called the Hoffman city where they've hardened the first floor, and they prevents it from from flooding looks a little strange.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00082-00115300-00115800": "There is a second story walkway emergency system for people to get around when the district floods.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00083-00115800-00116200": "But the key thing is that people can live with the flooding they don't have to evacuate.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00084-00116200-00116900": "They can go down to the edge of the water play with their kids at the edge of the water, and all their cars are in a parking garage under the building.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00085-00116900-00117600": "That's waterproof except this person over here who must have been in Mulligan vacation and didn't get the email.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00086-00117600-00117900": "Then the future of this will be to build new buildings.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00087-00117900-00118300": "Their foundations in the water foundations that are designed to be in the water.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00088-00118300-00119600": "Then in Japan there's the super dike which is actually a wider dike, not a taller dike, but it's a land form. It's just a much wider kind of levy and taller, buildings have been", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00089-00119600-00120300": "built on it, but it allows you to build on the levy, which is different from a conventional levy. You can't put a building on it.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00090-00120300-00120700": "Artificial ponds have been dug, and buildings have been put in.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00091-00120700-00121500": "Artificial ponds. like this example in rotterdam that's another way to deal with higher groundwater to actually just live in a pond.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00092-00121500-00122600": "And what's great about this one is that it can actually receive stormwater from the surrounding districts, and it functions as a piece of infrastructure. And in the Dutch case they've actually put relatively wealthy people, in this", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00093-00122600-00123300": "so it's as if rich people are paying to protect everybody else, because they're living in houses in the infrastructure.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00094-00123300-00124900": "I think that's a good deal then this last one Steiger Island is a floating development in amsterdam on the water, and it was actually built as an affordable development to, and has stayed that way relatively and", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00095-00124900-00125300": "allows different kinds of families to live on the water and enjoy the experience of that.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00096-00125300-00126000": "It's all prefabricated and it's an interesting design gets to pretty high density.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00097-00126000-00127200": "So the last thing I'll do and i'll stop is just say briefly, The next generation is it adaptive urban districts with Wetlands and beaches and that might look something like this to see", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00098-00127200-00127800": "artificial ponds. Doug, where the groundwater is rising, and conventional buildings are going to fail anyway.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00099-00127800-00128500": "So you dig these artificial ponds, you float prefabricated buildings on shared decking like on a snow shoe.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00100-00128500-00129400": "That gives you more buoyancy, and you build wetlands between those ponds and the ocean to reduce wave energy and allow levees to be smaller.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00101-00129400-00130700": "And that's a perspective of what one. of those ponds might look like in San Francisco. other aerial perspective of what it might look like to have artificial ponds with housing floating in them next to", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00102-00130700-00131700": "a large welland over time. we'd be able to roll back the rug essentially move these developments back over time landwards.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00103-00131700-00132500": "And allow the old ponds to become Wetlands again, so that we can move that whole system inland as we go on.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00104-00132500-00133000": "A flat shoreline, which is where the problems will be on flash shorelines.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00105-00133000-00133800": "So i'll leave you with that thought thank you very much thank you so much, Dr.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00106-00133800-00134100": "Hill. Just a reminder. If there are any questions for Dr.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00107-00134100-00134700": "Hill. Please put them in the Q. and A. now, and we will have about 30min for questions at the end.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00108-00134700-00135800": "I will now pass the mic to Dr. esif thank you Lucian I'm just gonna share my screen real quick.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00109-00135800-00137800": "Here. I also want to thank my co-presenter for sharing a really excellent overview of some of the high-level examples of what cities and urban places are doing.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00110-00137800-00139300": "It's interesting that a lot of the examples were from where I am currently living, and then Netherlands, which is a hiss, and historically has been a a country that has had to deal with pushing back the water for many", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00111-00139300-00140900": "decades now. So with that high-level ordering i'm going to discover, discuss the very specific case of coastal Cambodia, which is where I did my doctoral research a few years ago, just to give you some", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00112-00140900-00142000": "grounded context and perhaps inspiration. and I ideas for potential areas of inquiry for your work.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00113-00142000-00142800": "With respect to your yeah journalism. So just to provide some context.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00114-00142800-00144400": "First in the coastal areas in many parts of the global South, especially in Southeast Asia, the coastal area is heavily tied to fisheries and livelihoods, which is what my research focused on and", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00115-00144400-00144900": "so with countries like Cambodia, but also Thailand of Vietnam.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00116-00144900-00146200": "And myanmar there has been decades of history and reliance of fishing in particular as the livelihood, and it's also an important facet within Cambodian culture food culture and history.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00117-00146200-00147700": "So if you've ever been to the ank or watt Temple, or if you've heard about these anchor watt temples, the motifs, some of the motifs actually feature fish so very important", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00118-00147700-00148200": "commodity. And so the fisher causal fisheries is important in 2 ways.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00119-00148200-00148900": "One is that the national average per capita a finished consumption is 65kg, and in the coastal areas.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00120-00148900-00149300": "In particular it's 90kg per capita per year.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00121-00149300-00150000": "So it's very important aspect and food security. and the other aspect has to do with livelihoods.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00122-00150000-00150700": "So within the broader fisheries sector, and so beyond just coastal fisheries, but also inland fisheries.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00123-00150700-00151700": "Cambodia has the largest, if not one of the largest, or, if not the largest, lake in Southeast Asia, Freshwater Lake the tone.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00124-00151700-00152700": "This app and combined all over the country there are 6,000,000,000 people that are employed in fisheries either full-time part-time or seasonal.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00125-00152700-00154300": "So it's a substantial part of the coastal or the Cambodian livelihoods in some way, shape or form. So that's the coastal context with the respect to the people, and and livelihoods", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00126-00154300-00155300": "there's also another important cons context, That's emerging within the coastal space in Cambodia, but also in other Southeast Asian countries.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00127-00155300-00156000": "So this is a photo of Cnnookville, which is a coastal city not too far from Bannon and the capital.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00128-00156000-00157400": "This is a photo of it before a few years ago, and here's another photo of it as well before I actually visited Tianokville around this time, and it did pretty much look like this it was a pretty", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00129-00157400-00158000": "nice, if not quaint, coastal town or coastal city.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00130-00158000-00158800": "And then in the last few years it has undergone massive and rapid urban development.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00131-00158800-00159200": "So this is what it looks like now, more or less. so.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00132-00159200-00160100": "There are a lot of casinos apartment buildings combination of those 2 things, basically, that have emerged in this coastal space.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00133-00160100-00160800": "And if this is a view from one of the buildings, you can see a lot of scaffolding.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00134-00160800-00162000": "That is a sign of all the construction that's happening So all of this is also happening with some of you may know Chinese investment and a capital coming into the country.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00135-00162000-00163000": "That is funding a lot of this, and a lot of this is going towards the building of casinos and sort of mini resorts and things like that.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00136-00163000-00163500": "One of the challenges with respect to urban planning and urban resilience.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00137-00163500-00164800": "Is that a lot of this is being done with little or no zoning that is, that's in place with respect to the jurisdiction in the provincial government on Cnnokeville, and just to give you an", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00138-00164800-00165400": "idea of the 1 point: 3,000,000,000 that has been invested in Cu Nookville over the last couple of years.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00139-00165400-00166400": "1.1,000,000,000 has come from China. so it's a very massive influx of capital that has literally transformed this city.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00140-00166400-00166900": "And of course, what this means also is going off of what Dr.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00141-00166900-00168100": "Hill was speaking about. All of these changes will have implications for how residents and the city responds to impacts from climate change like sea level, rise first.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00142-00168100-00170000": "Such a coastal town. Another concerning part is that because a lot of this development is being done in that that lacks environmental planning, environmental assessment, there are lots of unknowns in terms of what has been done or has not", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00143-00170000-00170300": "been done to mitigate for some of the impacts.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00144-00170300-00171500": "And of course, in the coastal context, climate change in Cambodia is a very important component, and specifically with the people that depend on the coast, ie.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00145-00171500-00172200": "Fishing communities. They are also facing impacts from climate change.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00146-00172200-00173000": "And so here is a quote from a fisher in Kampa Province, who says the weather has changed completely in the past year.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00147-00173000-00173600": "We have the same strong wind, but it occurs predictively, but now it can have been at any time.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00148-00173600-00174500": "If we lose places to fish, what can they help for and by day, he's referring to his son in the future generation.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00149-00174500-00175600": "And so the vulnerability to climate change is particularly important for Cambodia, because of the strong connection of Cambodian people's livelihoods.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00150-00175600-00175900": "So, not just in this case fishing, but also the farming.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00151-00175900-00176600": "So in inland. a lot of Cambodians rely on farming as the source of their livelihood.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00152-00176600-00177500": "But broadly, what this picture is saying is that Cambodians are really dependent on the natural system.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00153-00177500-00178400": "Now, unlike. you know, many of us who live in Western Europe or North America, our connection to the environment and natural systems is less obvious.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00154-00178400-00179200": "Of course we still have the connection, but in terms of our livelihoods it's definitely not as immediate, and so the country is.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00155-00179200-00180800": "Coastline is particularly vulnerable to sea level rise, which will also cause other issues related to farming, which is the other important livelihood for Cambodians, where you have saltwater intrusion that will affect farming", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00156-00180800-00182200": "and yields for rice, for example, and one of the other quotes from this fisher Here he said that I, regarding his son, he said, I want him to study and become a teacher or do other work because I think fishing", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00157-00182200-00182500": "at sea could be really risky in the future I don't want him to be like me.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00158-00182500-00184500": "And so that also brings into the picture the idea that a lot of these challenges that Cambodians face with respect to their livelihood that is impacted by environmental and climate change is resulting in people moving And", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00159-00184500-00185800": "So this is a quote from one of my research: participants a Commune chief who said: In the rainy season, when where there are storms, there will be storms, but the storms Now they don't stay in the same season always have", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00160-00185800-00187500": "irregular storms. And so, when you think about fishers and farmers in many parts of the world, they depend on the cues from the weather, so which season it is what the weather is doing, to be able to time the planting of their", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00161-00187500-00188000": "crops, or in my research context, when, whether to go fishing or not.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00162-00188000-00189300": "So this lack of predicting, will you directly impact their ability to to have livelihoods, or at least livelihoods that are actually tenable in some way.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00163-00189300-00190700": "And so one of the consequences of this that I discovered in my research was that migration was becoming more and more common for coastal Cambodians in the villages that I worked in, and so migration itself within", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00164-00190700-00191900": "Cambodia. Of course there is a history of it, and this is a photo from a journalist for photographer who took this photo after the ousting of the Kimmer rouge of Cambodians migrating on", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00165-00191900-00192300": "a train. So there's, of course, historical context but in the more contemporary context.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00166-00192300-00194300": "Migration is becoming increasingly common for the younger generation and A lot of it is tied to the fact that they cannot make it in terms of farming or jobs, and things like that in their hometown. So here's a quote from one", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00167-00194300-00195100": "of my participants that said, because they, the migrants, cannot earn enough money in the village, and because they get in debt they leave the village to work.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00168-00195100-00195500": "And so this is something that I know. Across the 3 villages I focused on.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00169-00195500-00197200": "And this slide here shows you that detail. Suffice to say, basically, that migration occurred in all of the 3 villages that I worked in, and the primary thing to take away from this slide is that they were all migrating", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00170-00197200-00198300": "to 2 primary urban centers. so in my case, anompen and cities in Thailand", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00171-00198300-00199700": "And so, then there was the second destination. Of course that was more common was the coastal town of Kong, which was a nearby, and the predominant reason for people migrating was employment as well age", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00172-00199700-00200100": "laborers and construction, or into the factories.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00173-00200100-00201500": "So. here are some quotes just to capture kind of The differences between the people that stayed, and the people that left one person here who is a group of fissures in one of the villages.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00174-00201500-00201900": "Said, it is not easy to relocate. We must have a lot of money.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00175-00201900-00202400": "I have never dreamed to live outside, because this community is my hometown, and I have no other skill besides fishing.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00176-00202400-00202900": "So for many people it's also a very difficult thing to actually leave, if they want to.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00177-00202900-00203500": "In contrast, those who leave this is a quote from somebody who left the village.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00178-00203500-00204000": "I chose to find work by myself, because I wanted to help my family by earning income in general.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00179-00204000-00204500": "Some more workers garment workers are forced to work by their parents because the parents are able to pay their debt.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00180-00204500-00205100": "But some volunteer work volunteered to work after seeing their family issues.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00181-00205100-00206300": "So some tea key takeaways from what i've been covering is that coastal cambodians are making tough decisions and trade-offs every day, and this you can extrapolate also to many other", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00182-00206300-00206900": "coastal areas within Southeast Asia, and possibly outside of that region as well.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00183-00206900-00207400": "In the global South there are different individual drivers to migration.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00184-00207400-00208000": "A lot of is related to indebtedness, but also a sense of responsibility also important to highlight.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00185-00208000-00209300": "That a lot of young people want a better life. and they see their parents struggling, and they want higher wages, and so they're increasingly informed and mobile. and another driver of a migration is environmental change of course and one", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00186-00209300-00210200": "of the things that is emerged is increasing development and lack of land tenure is also causing uncertainty about the future.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00187-00210200-00210900": "Coastal livelihoods and communities. and So when you connect that to the increasing urban development.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00188-00210900-00211700": "There are some observations that I've noticed with respect to climate resilience policy in Cambodia, and i'll quickly go over these.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00189-00211700-00212800": "There's limited understanding of the potential impacts of climate change So here's our 2 codes from the director of department of climate change from the ministry and environment who says we just know that wind is more serious now since it is", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00190-00212800-00213500": "frequent. There's no data showing saltwater intrusion, but there might be some areas affected, and we need to study more.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00191-00213500-00214200": "There's also a lack of integration of climate change projections into adaptation plans and urban planning documents.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00192-00214200-00214700": "In many cases, so they're simply not just there isn't sometimes there's no data.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00193-00214700-00215400": "But then the other times there's just no incorporation, and then there's also a lack of systematic action to mitigate climate change related impacts.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00194-00215400-00216300": "So you might see actions to mitigate climate change on on a individual or a small community level.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00195-00216300-00216600": "But there has to be also systematic actions that are done.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00196-00216600-00217100": "For example, by building fort fortifying dikes to all stop salt water, intrusion.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00197-00217100-00218300": "And then, lastly, my slide here just I have different areas of inquiry that I think would be interesting to follow up on by those of you in the audience.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00198-00218300-00219600": "One is just the understand what are called so communities doing to build their own resilience to impacts from climate change, especially important in countries where there's limited government capacity like Cambodia, and there are challenges with respect to", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00199-00219600-00220400": "just general capacity also what civil society organizations are doing to support climate resilience.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00200-00220400-00220900": "This is also particularly in Cambodia, where there is facing a lot of suppression.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00201-00220900-00221400": "The other aspect has to do with transparency with urban planning.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00202-00221400-00221800": "It's very unclear and there is lack of information publicly accessible information.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00203-00221800-00223700": "There's also issues and opportunities around collective action to to buy It's a a call for action by the to the government, but then also a very important aspect is that projections are predicting that there will be decreases", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00204-00223700-00224100": "in a rise in first production. So how is Cambodia dealing with this?", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00205-00224100-00224800": "And then also, how will haphazard development in in coastal cities, such as you know, will affect the vulnerability, climate change.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00206-00224800-00225200": "And there's really important political economy component here where you're looking at Chinese investments.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00207-00225200-00225600": "And what does that actually mean for the future of these cities?", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00208-00225600-00226000": "Both the residents, the identity and culture. So these are just.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00209-00226000-00226500": "Some of the areas that I hope will be inspiring or provide food for thought.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00210-00226500-00227000": "And I welcome questions. Thanks so much. Thank you so much, Dr.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00211-00227000-00227600": "Receive. That was a really fascinating key study. and Thank you also for providing those quotes from folks on the front line.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00212-00227600-00228200": "That's really meaningful, especially for journalists we are now going to move into the Q.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00213-00228200-00228600": "And a section of the webinar. So please put your questions that you have into the Q.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00214-00228600-00229100": "And a feature, and I will read them out and direct them to our panelists.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00215-00229100-00229900": "We will start with a question from James, for Dr. Hill, I says, Thank you for your presentation.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00216-00229900-00230500": "Mr. is the problem of groundwater pushing up toxic weight waste seems like a huge and largely unrecognized problem.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00217-00230500-00230800": "Clearly the best solution would be to remove and remediate the soil.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00218-00230800-00231500": "But we know how expensive that is. Are there other mitigation or remediation strategies that can be employed?", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00219-00231500-00232200": "What can communities threaten by this problem too? well if it's a low-level kind of contamination?", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00220-00232200-00232800": "You can actually use plants to pull some of the contaminants out of the soil, which is called phyto remediation.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00221-00232800-00233600": "But it takes a long time if you don't have that time because it's an area that's already experiencing flooding problems.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00222-00233600-00234700": "It's too late for fighter remediation and you really should excavate that contamination that fighter remediation could take 10 or 20 years maybe longer, and it's only for low-level", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00223-00234700-00235300": "contaminants, if it's high concentration contaminants, or very, very dangerous ones.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00224-00235300-00236800": "It really needs to be either sequestered, put into some kind of safe container on dry land, or remediated by chemically treating the soils by pumping, and running it over carbon and other kinds of filters so", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00225-00236800-00237800": "It is the expensive route for most of the sites we're talking about, or will pollute the near shore environment and kill all those fish that Cambodian fishermen are looking for.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00226-00237800-00238600": "Thank you. I'm just a follow up on that question for some of the examples of the artificial ponds that you mentioned.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00227-00238600-00239800": "Is that an issue for those areas as well, or is there remediation that's done before those artificial ponds go in for people who are living in those ponds could pollution in the water become an issue right that's", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00228-00239800-00240700": "the thing about the artificial ponds. they can be left behind when soil is excavated that is too polluted to stay in the near shore environment.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00229-00240700-00241300": "So they would be an after-effect of remediating some of those contaminated soils.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00230-00241300-00241900": "They don't have to be you can dig them in clean soil, but it makes sense to live like an earthworm.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00231-00241900-00242700": "Dig up some of those old soils, process them, get them somewhere safe, and go ahead, and then live in the hole.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00232-00242700-00243100": "We the floating platforms, not on the open ocean, I should emphasize.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00233-00243100-00243700": "Floating on the open ocean is a whole other problem, and I think much more difficult.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00234-00243700-00244400": "But but floating in artificial ponds is a good and doable thing, and some of those ponds could be aquaculture.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00235-00244400-00244900": "Some of those ponds could be habitat, some of them could be recreation.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00236-00244900-00245400": "Thank you. We have a anonymous question here for Dr.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00237-00245400-00246600": "And Steve that says, in cases like the one you described, when it is not the best short-term, and not in the best short-term interest for governments to consider resilience or protective zoning with all the", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00238-00246600-00247200": "prospective capital flowing in or what recourse do affected communities have.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00239-00247200-00248300": "Yeah, that's an excellent question. and I think that this is something that is an emerging issue across coastal communities.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00240-00248300-00248700": "So, for example, the one I worked in in Southwest Cambodia.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00241-00248700-00250300": "One of the issues with the respect to environmental change with sand mining. And so that's been covered pretty effectively by journalists. but in terms of recourse for a cost affected cost of communities.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00242-00250300-00250900": "I think that we've seen the progress the social progress we've seen in Cambodia.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00243-00250900-00251300": "A lot of it has been because of collective action so i'll give an example.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00244-00251300-00252600": "Example, would be the rise in minimum wage for factory workers, garment workers, and that has happened due to protests and and and active collective action.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00245-00252600-00253400": "And so I think that similarly these communities can band together and I think that there's also a mindset shift that needs to happen.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00246-00253400-00253900": "If you understand Cambodia, to understand it from historical contexts.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00247-00253900-00254700": "From the last 2030 years, where it emerged from a very post-conflict state, and it was dependent on donors.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00248-00254700-00255600": "And so when i've talked to cambodians and I asked them about what they can do, Often the response is well, we need help from donors, or we need help from government.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00249-00255600-00256400": "And so there's also this aspect of collective action and the spirit of collective action that needs to be also cultivated.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00250-00256400-00258000": "And there are great activists and other civil society type organizations that are doing this that show or that are showing Cambodians and communities that they have the individual and collective power to enact. change.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00251-00258000-00259300": "So I think more of that needs to happen, and you know also putting to tasks the local decision makers as well because oftentimes it's framed as the National Government.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00252-00259300-00259800": "But many of these decisions are made at the provincial district level.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00253-00259800-00260700": "So the collective action at that level where you have. So in my specific case, for example, Xan mining was happening in these coastal communities.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00254-00260700-00261700": "So an organization helped train and gather these individuals in these village fishing villages, and they all went to the Town Hall or the City Hall.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00255-00261700-00262500": "The sort of the provincial hall, and they stood out outside and and demanded to speak to somebody in an authoritarian position.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00256-00262500-00263400": "And so that kind of you know, answering or speaking to power has led to, you know, certain changes.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00257-00263400-00264700": "Of course, I would also say that the eventually push comes to shove that the powers that be in Cambodia will realize that it's also in their best long-term interest to actually incorporate resilience, and so", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00258-00264700-00265300": "that they're not having everyone living in floating villages. Thank you so much.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00259-00265300-00265900": "And thank you for highlighting the importance of activists and movements.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00260-00265900-00266800": "Sort of a follow-up question for both Panelists but perhaps we'll pass this over and focus on California for Dr.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00261-00266800-00267600": "Hill since Dr. Cash just touched on this. But a question from Eric is, how would they describe overall government positions, actions, or strategies on these issues?", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00262-00267600-00268100": "Both California and Cambodia. I thank you.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00263-00268100-00269900": "I think, in California the Government certainly knows that it's coming, hasn't yet put a lot of money into it, but is hoping that by emphasizing how high sea levels can rise they will help develop a private sector", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00264-00269900-00270300": "self-protective set of strategies and that's not happening.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00265-00270300-00271300": "I mean we're seeing the private real estate developers and capital from China in particular, paying for a new residential development right on the water's edge.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00266-00271300-00272200": "So we're still developing places that are going to flood and be toxic because of latent slow pollution.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00267-00272200-00272900": "So we're not seeing the private sector we respond to those signals yet, and I hope that means that the State will take a more direct role.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00268-00272900-00273500": "But in our system land use is a local decision the state can't compel property.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00269-00273500-00274000": "Owners to use certain use their land in certain ways.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00270-00274000-00275600": "Those rights are held by the property owner so there's a very important component of adaptation in the law that we need to be able to prevent vulnerable people from living in places that are going to flood thank", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00271-00275600-00276700": "you. We have another question here from Brittany for either of the panelists.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00272-00276700-00277100": "If anyone has answer, she's curious bound to know what infrastructure is being developed in the current.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00273-00277100-00279000": "If either of you know of any examples I I can't I can't think of any off the top of my head, although I would imagine that they do have you know very similar issues as coastal Cambodia does in many parts", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00274-00279000-00280000": "of Southeast Asia. I imagine I think maybe the difference there is that the Government might be a bit more nimble and responsive, perhaps.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00275-00280000-00280600": "And again, the curibbon is a large area, so it really depends on which country you're talking about, because you have one of the poorest countries.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00276-00280600-00281600": "Also some of the wealthiest, as well, so yeah I I can't think of anything specific, because that's not my regional area.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00277-00281600-00282800": "But if Dr. Hill has anything to say yeah I think There's a reason why those islands Haven't really developed much of a strategy, I mean you could think of New Orleans as in the Caribbean not quite Gulf", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00278-00282800-00283300": "of Mexico, but connected, and they have certainly had to do a lot.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00279-00283300-00283800": "But the islands have not done a lot and that's in part, because they're dealing with big events.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00280-00283800-00284200": "And this is one of the big problems If you're dealing with hurricanes and earthquakes.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00281-00284200-00284900": "You don't have the bandwidth deal with the slow and incremental change represented by sea level rise.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00282-00284900-00286100": "So that's a big problem for everyone who has those disaster Events already like California fire super distracting for us and hurricane Maria super distracting for Puerto Rico.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00283-00286100-00286800": "Other countries, other islands in the Caribbean. Thank you.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00284-00286800-00287400": "We have another question for Dr. Asif, which is, What can cities do to prepare for all?", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00285-00287400-00288800": "The climate migration that is happening Yeah, that's a great question, perhaps a bit of a $1,000,000 question, and I would say that it depends on the cities that we're talking about.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00286-00288800-00290200": "But I know that in the case of cities like Daca for example, in Bangladesh and Pennsylvania, in my case, we're seeing a lot more migration to the capital and to areas that already are", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00287-00290200-00292000": "at the capacitor limits of their capacity. And I would say that one aspect has to do with providing opportunities for people in terms of livelihoods as well, because one thing that can have knock on effects is if you have", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00288-00292000-00292200": "a higher concentration of people in an urban environment.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00289-00292200-00292800": "But then they're living on marginal land with limited opportunities.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00290-00292800-00293200": "It's that's just gonna cause a dominant effect in in terms of problems.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00291-00293200-00293800": "And then you have yeah different crises, and that the city has to deal with.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00292-00293800-00294200": "But I would say that yeah, I would say it requires", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00293-00294200-00295500": "You know, this mounds maybe sounds cliche, but it requires decision makers with imagination and with the curve to do these type of things for the people in these areas.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00294-00295500-00296200": "And I think part of that has to do with the training and education for the younger generation.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00295-00296200-00297200": "That will also take this the space or the step or their place of these other people that are, will you know, eventually not be around?", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00296-00297200-00297700": "So I think that's also an important thing and that's happening in Cambodia, which is a nice promising thing to see.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00297-00297700-00299400": "There are different organizations that are actually training the youth in how to mobilize, how to understand these issues, and how to actually use the channels that are used by, for example, lobbyists in the tactics that are used But to voice the", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00298-00299400-00300200": "concerns for the urbanites that live in the area so that's sort of a general kind of answer.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00299-00300200-00301900": "But I think if again, it also highly depends on the the context within which we're, we're discussing, and at least in Cambodia, and there is a bit of a lack of a shrinking space, be sure I should say, within civil", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00300-00301900-00302800": "society, and within that sort of public discourse but that's space has to be maintained in order for any kind of progress to be made.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00301-00302800-00303600": "Thank you so much. We are nearing the end of the hour so i'd like to wrap up.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00302-00303600-00304100": "I just wanted to ask both of this speakers to maybe give a final reflection or comment on the topic.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00303-00304100-00304900": "We do have a few more questions, but unfortunately not enough time to get to them, and I personally have many questions that I could ask as well.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00304-00304900-00305600": "But we're near that we're near the end also just a reminder. we'll be pacing a link to a feedback survey in the chat.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00305-00305600-00306000": "So for all the attendees, if you have a moment to fill that out.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00306-00306000-00306500": "If you have any suggestions for the future that would be helpful, and I will pass it to Dr.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00307-00306500-00307300": "Hill for any last comments. or feedback. Yeah, I just wanted to say in a closing comment, that even relates to the migration comment.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00308-00307300-00307800": "That's what question that's why adaptation in place is so critical?", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00309-00307800-00308300": "Because of hundreds of millions of people have to leave their homes to go live in in larger cities.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00310-00308300-00309200": "The that's a internal economic disaster and across border political and territorial challenge.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00311-00309200-00310700": "So I think it's very very important for us to focus on adaptation in place, and where that's possible is is by moving dur around, basically not by building concrete and steel structures that are expensive to maintain and", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00312-00310700-00312000": "eventually become a liability. So if we can move dirt around and granting organizations or donor countries would help to pay for that that could use local labor.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00313-00312000-00313000": "So it's a transferable strategy or technology to countries with a lot of labor and not a lot of capital, and it doesn't require complex maintenance.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00314-00313000-00314300": "So I think that's a better strategy to look for and it's a great story to think about what is the boon doggle component of building with concrete and steel is that really a good idea so I hope", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00315-00314300-00315100": "that's been highlighted today, and that people will think about those complicated international consultant kinds of projects.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00316-00315100-00315400": "And really look at them with a skeptical eye.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00317-00315400-00316300": "Thanks. Thank you so much, Dr. See if any final comments or reflections I think Dr.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00318-00316300-00316800": "Hill captured a lot of the things, and I think actually, lefreckling on both of our presentations.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00319-00316800-00318300": "I found that they have offered a nice compliment, because one aspect related to you know the big picture thinking of how we need to rethink how we design these spaces, and I was focusing on the people in in these spaces.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00320-00318300-00319100": "Right, and you have this complex mix of fisheries, farming, livelihoods, industry, ports, commerce.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00321-00319100-00320500": "You have a lot of things things, these things happening in the coastal space, and I think that especially when I you know I've traveled in Southeast Asia in particular, it seems so tired and boring that we follow that these countries", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00322-00320500-00320900": "are falling. the same template that we've already we already know, does not work.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00323-00320900-00321400": "So in the case of Bangkok, for example, in 2,012, I think it was.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00324-00321400-00322200": "We had massive flooding, and to the point where the expressway, the you know, the above road express ways that are on these giant concrete pillars.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00325-00322200-00323400": "They were flooded so. and then that revealed the inequalities of urban resilience as well because the areas that were walled which were the ones that were the urban elites sort of hung out and lived they were", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00326-00323400-00324300": "protected. but then, because the water increased, it pushed it towards the areas that were less well off, and and where the urban poor lived.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00327-00324300-00325600": "And so you're seeing the consequences of this uneven urban resilience, planning happening live, and I think it's very frustrating to see these kinds of things being emulated in terms of these development and", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00328-00325600-00326000": "planning in Cambodia, in Cnocville in this case, but potentially other areas.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00329-00326000-00327900": "Then also in Pompan, where I lived so I think we need to really a put to task the bullet politicians and decision makers, and also, if they're not willing to do it, find others who are frankly, and training the next", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00330-00327900-00328700": "generation to have the knowledge and resources and skills to address these challenges and and think with more imagination.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00331-00328700-00329300": "So I think that's something that we need to do going forward in the next.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00332-00329300-00330500": "You know, several decades. Yes, thank you so much. Thank you both for such clear and accessible and visual presentations, and thank you to all of the attendees.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00333-00330500-00330800": "And also thank you again for highlighting sort of the what Dr.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00334-00330800-00331900": "Hill called Intergenerational Equity, which I think is so critical. And considering how we need to adapt this infrastructure, not only for the environment, but for the communities and and the people.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00335-00331900-00332400": "Not only there are there now but that will be moving and that will be there in 5,100 years.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00336-00332400-00333000": "So that's really critical when talking about these issues that is our time for today.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00337-00333000-00333400": "Thank you, everyone, for joining this webinar as a reminder.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00338-00333400-00334400": "There is a survey in the chat now. So if attendees have a moment to fill that out and provide some feedback, so we can continue to improve these events.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00339-00334400-00334800": "That would be incredibly helpful Also, a reminder that once it's ready.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00340-00334800-00336000": "You will receive a link to this webinar and the recording, and I believe the presentations for your reference, as well as some contact information to get in touch, and how to get in touch with this.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00341-00336000-00337200": "So thank you very much to everyone for participating. Yes, and a reminder also in the chat is about the current coastal resilience.", "3cgIA-Oy0vE-00342-00337200-00338300": "Media grant opportunity reminder. those applications are to May seconds."}}, {"audio_id": "3cs7pRd8iUE", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "3c--qQ90ORI", "text": {"3c--qQ90ORI-00000-00000658-00001092": "All of your accomplishments, the things that you're most proud of,", "3c--qQ90ORI-00001-00001108-00001368": "the things that you would brag about..", "3c--qQ90ORI-00002-00001454-00001939": "Tell me those things that you are most proud of."}}, {"audio_id": "3cABxeY1DgM", "text": {"3cABxeY1DgM-00000-00000000-00000200": "my poor dad was a school teacher"}}, {"audio_id": "3dwhNMNZTxg", "text": {"3dwhNMNZTxg-00000-00000000-00000635": "I can't sleep, what should I do? How to fall asleep easily, deeply, wake up refreshed, and not shabby.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00001-00000635-00001032": "In today's clip, the topic is insomnia.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00002-00001032-00001337": "Insomnia is something that many people experience nowadays.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00003-00001337-00001842": "We have under the pressure from work, economic, political conditions, etc. that make us stressed.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00004-00001842-00002092": "It presses us until it affects our lives.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00005-00002092-00002343": "The effect that is easily seen is insomnia.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00006-00002343-00002601": "Stress makes us overthinking, keep thinking about something over and over,", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00007-00002601-00002792": "think about them all night long, and make us unable to sleep.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00008-00002792-00003286": "When we can't sleep, it affects our body and mind in our daily life.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00009-00003289-00003540": "We will not be able to learn and work effectively.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00010-00003540-00003809": "And the important thing is that the face will look very shabby like a zombie.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00011-00003809-00004072": "All of these are something that I have already experienced.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00012-00004072-00004347": "I have been experiencing insomnia for a very long time.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00013-00004348-00005045": "Since I was in university, in a year there must be a month or two that I can't sleep for a long time.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00014-00005045-00005598": "And it will be like this every year. When I can't sleep, my skin and face will be shabby.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00015-00005598-00005867": "I will not be able to learn and work effectively and can’t do much of anything.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00016-00005867-00006292": "I think I have weak immunity, on days when I don't have enough rest,", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00017-00006292-00006770": "my brain will be so blurry that I can't do much of anything, can’t carry a proper conversation,", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00018-00006770-00007033": "have no strength at all, and my face will look very shabby.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00019-00007033-00007346": "If I only sleep for about 3-4 hours that night then I won’t feel very okay.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00020-00007346-00007770": "So, I try to find different ways to make me sleep well and sleep better.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00021-00007770-00008357": "The first thing is to make the atmosphere of the bedroom to be comfortable, warm, and peaceful.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00022-00008357-00008617": "I believe that many people must be like me", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00023-00008617-00008962": "that in everyday life the bedroom is very cluttered.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00024-00008962-00009308": "There's a lot of stuff looking cluttered and messy.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00025-00009308-00010080": "If at any point you feel uncomfortable, stressed, or can't sleep, I recommend cleaning up the bedroom.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00026-00010080-00010396": "Making the room look comfortable and clean, we will feel more relaxed.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00027-00010396-00010860": "And the selection of the lights, I would choose to use the warm-light lightbulb to make the room look warmer.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00028-00010860-00011301": "The atmosphere in the room will look calm and suitable for relaxation.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00029-00011301-00012016": "The mattresses and blanket must be clean. Using cotton sheets, your skin will feel more comfortable.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00030-00012016-00012273": "It will make us feel that we are sleeping comfortably.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00031-00012273-00012577": "The scent in the bedroom is also important,", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00032-00012577-00013031": "like me, I also use this scented candle.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00033-00013031-00013734": "This one is an aromatic candle that I use for bedtime. I’m very addicted to scented candles.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00034-00013734-00014032": "When we light a scented candle, it will make us feel good.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00035-00014032-00014500": "Another thing is the temperature in the room. The temperature in the room is also very important.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00036-00014500-00014919": "If we are in a temperature that is too hot or too cold, we won't be sleeping well or can’t sleep.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00037-00014919-00015452": "When we sleep our body temperature will drop. So, if we want to sleep comfortably", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00038-00015452-00016000": "we have to adjust the temperature in our room to cool down according to body temperature.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00039-00016000-00016269": "We will be able to sleep more comfortably and sleep more easily.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00040-00016269-00016648": "Next, taking a shower before bed. This is important as well.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00041-00016648-00017112": "I recommend taking a warm shower before bed as it will make you feel more relaxed.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00042-00017112-00017662": "If you have a bathtub, I recommend you soak in warm water before bed.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00043-00017662-00017887": "You might get sleepy since you are in the bathtub.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00044-00017887-00018087": "It will feel very relaxing.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00045-00018087-00018680": "Even better if you light an aromatic candle in the bathroom and turn on some soft music.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00046-00018680-00019056": "I guarantee that it will feel really good, it will be very relaxing.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00047-00019056-00019331": "But if you don’t have a bathtub, just take a hot shower.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00048-00019331-00019795": "Since taking a cold shower will make us feel refreshed and wake up.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00049-00019795-00020340": "Some people go to work outside, come home sleepy, then take a cold shower and feel wake up immediately.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00050-00020340-00020834": "It's really like this, so I recommend taking a warm shower as it will make it easier for you to sleep.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00051-00020834-00021306": "During university, there was a time when I felt that I couldn't sleep.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00052-00021306-00021666": "It's the first time I learn to have insomnia, yeah, actually learning to have insomnia.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00053-00021666-00022075": "At that time, I couldn't sleep for a month. I can't sleep no matter what.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00054-00022075-00022480": "Saying that I can't sleep, it feels like I haven't slept at all for months.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00055-00022480-00022793": "I feel that it is not OK anymore. My body isn’t feeling good at all.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00056-00022793-00023325": "So, I went to post on Facebook and asked my friends if there is a way to make me sleep because I haven't slept for months.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00057-00023325-00024000": "It appears that a friend suggested that drinking warm milk with honey before bedtime will make it easier to fall asleep.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00058-00024000-00024304": "It's the way a doctor recommends to my friend.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00059-00024304-00024883": "So, I tried it and it turned out that that night I drank the whole glass of warm milk with honey and immediately fell asleep.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00060-00024883-00025332": "And that night was the first night I slept after not sleeping for months.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00061-00025332-00025532": "This is a true story, I swear.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00062-00025532-00026359": "After that, I believe that whatever we drink or eat before bed, really affects our sleep and body.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00063-00026359-00026977": "After that, I went and find various drinks that make me sleep more easily.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00064-00026977-00027538": "I found that they recommend drinking chamomile tea before bed will make us feel relaxed.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00065-00027538-00028166": "Because the substances in chamomile help us relieve stress and calm us.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00066-00028166-00028592": "When drinking, makes us feel relaxed, relieves stress, and sleep more easily.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00067-00028592-00028906": "Since then, I will drink chamomile tea alternating with warm milk with honey.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00068-00028906-00029599": "After that, I recently found a supplement. We can call it the ideal dietary supplement.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00069-00029599-00030136": "This is a skin-nourishing supplement that helps us sleep easier.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00070-00030136-00030686": "Here, this one. I will put them next to the bed so, I can take them before going to bed.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00071-00030686-00031237": "I will take it before bedtime then, doing this and that before and for a moment I will feel sleepy and fall asleep.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00072-00031238-00031866": "This is a supplement from Colly. Most people will know Colly as a collagen brand, right?", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00073-00031866-00032174": "But this is their new product that came out and it's really wow.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00074-00032174-00032719": "Colly B-Chamomile is a collagen supplement mixed with chamomile.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00075-00032719-00033336": "This one is collagen tripeptide from fish. And the amount of their collagen is 350 mg.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00076-00033336-00033784": "It is the amount of collagen in a normal skincare supplement.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00077-00033784-00034207": "And this one is known as collagen that helps us sleep more comfortably.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00078-00034207-00035062": "because besides collagen there is also a fish oil that helps nourish the nervous system, brain, and eyes.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00079-00035062-00035753": "When we wake up, we will feel refreshed and not drowsy.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00080-00035753-00036427": "And the chamomile that is added will help reducing anxiety and make us calmer.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00081-00036427-00036627": "So, it makes us sleep deeply and well.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00082-00036627-00037081": "I am usually a person who sleeps much later than my boyfriend", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00083-00037081-00037403": "and don’t sleep very well, always get up at night to go to the bathroom.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00084-00037403-00037850": "When I first eating this supplement, my boyfriend asked if there is a sleeping med in this supplement.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00085-00037850-00038259": "Why are you sleeping so deep and fell asleep very quickly? It became that I fell asleep before my boyfriend.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00086-00038259-00038514": "This supplement doesn't mix any sleeping pills at all.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00087-00038514-00038660": "They are all herbs.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00088-00038660-00039114": "Chamomile is an herb that helps us relieve stress,", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00089-00039114-00039329": "make us fall asleep easily, and sleep deeply.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00090-00039329-00039837": "So, this one can be taken continuously without drug resistance because it is not a drug.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00091-00039837-00040500": "In addition to that, the rest will be various vitamins. Vitamins B1, B3, and B6, which help with the skin.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00092-00040500-00040879": "It helps nourish the nervous system and brain as well. It's very covered", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00093-00040879-00041079": "In terms of skincare, I can see the results as well", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00094-00041079-00041583": "because collagen tripeptide is very small molecule collagen and can be absorbed very well.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00095-00041585-00041935": "But I have to tell you that result of taking collagen supplements doesn’t make your skin lighter.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00096-00041935-00042567": "But it will make our skin not looking shabby.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00097-00042567-00043215": "In addition to helping the skin not to look shabby, collagen also helps with hair and nails.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00098-00043215-00043750": "If you have dry and brittle hair, collagen could help you with this.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00099-00043750-00044092": "The first packet that I took, I took for less than a month.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00100-00044094-00044509": "But I would say that it works fast. I can see results from the first day I took it.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00101-00044509-00044807": "The first day I took two pills before bed and wake up to my boyfriend asking", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00102-00044807-00045075": "that if this supplement is mixed with sleeping pills or not?", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00103-00045075-00045373": "Why do you sleep early, sleep easily, and fall asleep very fast?", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00104-00045373-00045573": "And when we wake up, we won't be drowsy at all.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00105-00045573-00045964": "We will feel that our brain is fresh and bright.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00106-00045964-00046251": "For sleeping, I saw results from the first time I took them.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00107-00046251-00046619": "But in terms of skin, I probably can’t say that results can be seen from the first day.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00108-00046620-00046990": "Because taking collagen for skincare takes time.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00109-00046990-00047449": "It doesn't seem to have shown any reduction in wrinkles or the skin becomes tighter", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00110-00047449-00048227": "because these things take time. But to wake up to a brighter face is the result of the first try.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00111-00048227-00048521": "For this packet, one packet contains 30 capsules,", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00112-00048521-00048877": "I bought it for 390 baht, an average of 13 baht per day.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00113-00048877-00049168": "If you take a capsule a day, you can take it for a month.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00114-00049169-00049604": "But if like me, some days I will take 1 capsule some days I will take 2 so, it won't last a month.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00115-00049605-00050000": "The price is a good, affordable price, not expensive at all.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00116-00050000-00050389": "And Colly's products can be purchased via their dealers.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00117-00050389-00050935": "Colly is already a famous brand, so there are many dealers and make it very easy to buy.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00118-00050935-00051093": "Anyway, let's go check it out.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00119-00051093-00051398": "I will leave Colly's Instagram and Facebook under this clip.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00120-00051398-00051598": "You can find more information there.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00121-00051600-00052240": "So, for this clip, I've shared all the techniques that I used when I can't sleep or have a hard time sleeping.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00122-00052240-00052394": "They are these techniques that I have mentioned.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00123-00052394-00052697": "And review the supplement that I have been taking recently as well.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00124-00052697-00053065": "It is a skin-nourishing supplement that helps us sleep more comfortably.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00125-00053065-00053265": "I hope it will be useful to many people out there.", "3dwhNMNZTxg-00126-00053265-00053536": "And that’s it for today. See you next time, bye-bye."}}, {"audio_id": "3ed7571zvcc", "text": {"3ed7571zvcc-00000-00000000-00000144": "بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم", "3ed7571zvcc-00001-00000144-00000438": "نحمده و نصلي على رسوله الكريم أما بعد", "3ed7571zvcc-00002-00000643-00000976": "Sahabah (رضي الله عنه) have left for us a legacy.", "3ed7571zvcc-00003-00001104-00001379": "their way of life  their sacrifice is infront of us.", "3ed7571zvcc-00004-00001470-00001655": "When Sahabah were invited to", "3ed7571zvcc-00005-00001777-00001992": "give a description of Islaam", "3ed7571zvcc-00006-00001992-00002155": "infront of Rustam.", "3ed7571zvcc-00007-00002256-00002544": "Hadhrat Rib'ee Ibn Aamir when he entered,", "3ed7571zvcc-00008-00002592-00002744": "he was told", "3ed7571zvcc-00009-00002771-00002921": "that leave your weapons", "3ed7571zvcc-00010-00002921-00003284": "Imagine being invite to the white house to the grand Parliament.", "3ed7571zvcc-00011-00003368-00003582": "إني لم آتكم", "3ed7571zvcc-00012-00003592-00003797": "فأضع سلاحي بِأَمْرِكُم", "3ed7571zvcc-00013-00003892-00004224": "و لكِنِّي أتَيْتُكُمْ حِيْنَ دَعَوْتُمُوْنِيْ", "3ed7571zvcc-00014-00004328-00004516": "You have invited me here", "3ed7571zvcc-00015-00004516-00004692": "I have not come on my own will,", "3ed7571zvcc-00016-00004692-00004838": "otherwise I am gone.", "3ed7571zvcc-00017-00004993-00005177": "So he was given permission", "3ed7571zvcc-00018-00005188-00005326": "and as he entered,", "3ed7571zvcc-00019-00005440-00005566": "his sword", "3ed7571zvcc-00020-00005587-00005852": "was ranting the plush carpet", "3ed7571zvcc-00021-00006064-00006324": "as he came infront of Rustam,", "3ed7571zvcc-00022-00006371-00006620": "فقال له ما جاء بكم", "3ed7571zvcc-00023-00006823-00007003": "why have you come?,", "3ed7571zvcc-00024-00007076-00007248": "why have you come?.", "3ed7571zvcc-00025-00007373-00007619": "His words need to be written in", "3ed7571zvcc-00026-00007668-00007819": "gold ink.", "3ed7571zvcc-00027-00008076-00008334": "and he said: الله إبتعثنا", "3ed7571zvcc-00028-00008334-00008507": "We have not come,", "3ed7571zvcc-00029-00008545-00008707": "it's not our own will", "3ed7571zvcc-00030-00008835-00009116": "but Allah (ﷻ) has sent us.", "3ed7571zvcc-00031-00009116-00009347": "Means we have been sent by Allah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00032-00009379-00009692": "We are the representatives of Allah and His Rasool (ﷺ).", "3ed7571zvcc-00033-00009724-00010012": "We are the ambassadors of Allah and His Rasool (ﷺ).", "3ed7571zvcc-00034-00010064-00010283": "Allah has sent each one of us", "3ed7571zvcc-00035-00010313-00010620": "on this earth for a great and noble purpose", "3ed7571zvcc-00036-00010678-00010873": "and when we fulfill this purpose,", "3ed7571zvcc-00037-00010889-00011228": "then a person will see success in Dunya and Aakhirah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00038-00011259-00011428": "Allah will accept that person,", "3ed7571zvcc-00039-00011456-00011628": "Allah will utilise that person,", "3ed7571zvcc-00040-00011646-00011828": "Allah will protect that person", "3ed7571zvcc-00041-00011828-00012028": "and all the promises in Quraan", "3ed7571zvcc-00042-00012040-00012144": "and Hadith", "3ed7571zvcc-00043-00012163-00012449": "which has been mentioned will fall upon that person", "3ed7571zvcc-00044-00012475-00012649": "because they are the chosen ones", "3ed7571zvcc-00045-00012659-00012788": "and chosen for what.", "3ed7571zvcc-00046-00012856-00013012": "لنخرج من شاء", "3ed7571zvcc-00047-00013028-00013603": "مِنْ عِبَادَةِ الْعِبَاد إِلى عِبَادَةِ رَبِّ الْعِبَاد", "3ed7571zvcc-00048-00013652-00013886": "That to take man from this slavery", "3ed7571zvcc-00049-00013904-00014035": "and the worship", "3ed7571zvcc-00050-00014062-00014196": "of the creation", "3ed7571zvcc-00051-00014216-00014484": "to the slavery and the obedience", "3ed7571zvcc-00052-00014500-00014824": "to that one Allah. Worshipping the creation,", "3ed7571zvcc-00053-00014824-00015024": "striving for the creation,", "3ed7571zvcc-00054-00015024-00015262": "doing everything to make the creation happy.", "3ed7571zvcc-00055-00015283-00015675": "he has forgotten that there is a creator of the creation", "3ed7571zvcc-00056-00015696-00015950": "and man needs to change their focus,", "3ed7571zvcc-00057-00015982-00016244": "change their attention to that one Allah", "3ed7571zvcc-00058-00016260-00016580": "ومن ضيق الدنيا إلى سَعَتها", "3ed7571zvcc-00059-00016612-00016808": "and from this constraint Dunya", "3ed7571zvcc-00060-00016841-00017008": "into the vastness,", "3ed7571zvcc-00061-00017033-00017260": "one is the vastness of this Dunya", "3ed7571zvcc-00062-00017280-00017552": "because when Allah (ﷻ) opens up", "3ed7571zvcc-00063-00017590-00017718": "for a person", "3ed7571zvcc-00064-00017728-00017918": "then there is no limit to that opening.", "3ed7571zvcc-00065-00017918-00018208": "Otherwise Dunya will be constraint in all avenues.", "3ed7571zvcc-00066-00018257-00018417": "How Allah (ﷻ)", "3ed7571zvcc-00067-00018443-00018766": "gave Sahabah and opened up the Dunya for Sahabah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00068-00018798-00019054": "Allah has opened the whole Dunya for us", "3ed7571zvcc-00069-00019089-00019355": "and Allah will make,", "3ed7571zvcc-00070-00019355-00019496": "forget Dunya vast,", "3ed7571zvcc-00071-00019496-00019689": "Allah will make your Qabr vast,", "3ed7571zvcc-00072-00019689-00019929": "Allah will make your Aakhirah vast,", "3ed7571zvcc-00073-00019956-00020118": "ومن جَوْرِ الأديان", "3ed7571zvcc-00074-00020137-00020475": "and from the oppressions of all other forms", "3ed7571zvcc-00075-00020500-00020635": "of isms.", "3ed7571zvcc-00076-00020635-00020827": "إلى عدل الإسلام", "3ed7571zvcc-00077-00020827-00020972": "To the justice", "3ed7571zvcc-00078-00021020-00021145": "of Islaam.", "3ed7571zvcc-00079-00021145-00021419": "فأرسَلَنا بدينه إلى خَلْقه", "3ed7571zvcc-00080-00021484-00021873": "Allah (ﷻ) has sent us with His Deen", "3ed7571zvcc-00081-00021892-00022196": "to the creation لندعوَهم", "3ed7571zvcc-00082-00022228-00022480": "to invite them to Allah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00083-00022689-00022940": "He is identifying", "3ed7571zvcc-00084-00022979-00023324": "the objective and the purpose of this", "3ed7571zvcc-00085-00023400-00023481": "Ummah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00086-00023556-00023739": "that we have been sent", "3ed7571zvcc-00087-00023756-00024123": "to invite and connect mankind to Allah", "3ed7571zvcc-00088-00024164-00024436": "and when something loses it's purpose", "3ed7571zvcc-00089-00024523-00024707": "it loses it's value,", "3ed7571zvcc-00090-00024777-00024939": "this Ummah should have been", "3ed7571zvcc-00091-00024939-00025203": "connecting the creation to the creator,", "3ed7571zvcc-00092-00025227-00025532": "yet they connecting themselves to the creation,", "3ed7571zvcc-00093-00025544-00025732": "to the disobedience of Allah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00094-00025732-00025897": "from the light and Noor of Allah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00095-00025897-00026137": "to the darkness of Baatil,", "3ed7571zvcc-00096-00026164-00026483": "from the obedience of Allah to the disobedience of Allah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00097-00026514-00026683": "from the closeness to Allah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00098-00026707-00026907": "to the distance of Allah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00099-00026958-00027281": "التائب من الذنب كمن لا ذنب له", "3ed7571zvcc-00100-00027302-00027643": "when this Ummah turns to Allah then they come with clean slates", "3ed7571zvcc-00101-00027770-00027889": "and even better than that,", "3ed7571zvcc-00102-00027889-00028233": "أُولَٰئِكَ يُبَدِّلُ اللّهُ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ حَسَنَاتٍ", "3ed7571zvcc-00103-00028320-00028539": "they come even more closer to Allah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00104-00028539-00028787": "When they turn to Allah that even their evil", "3ed7571zvcc-00105-00028808-00028942": "and their bad and their wrongs", "3ed7571zvcc-00106-00028942-00029110": "will be turned into good deeds.", "3ed7571zvcc-00107-00029344-00029595": "إن العبد ليعمل به ذنبا", "3ed7571zvcc-00108-00029676-00029872": "فيدخل به الجنة", "3ed7571zvcc-00109-00029987-00030083": "That through", "3ed7571zvcc-00110-00030095-00030355": "the sinning of this Ummah they can get Jannah", "3ed7571zvcc-00111-00030355-00030611": "by making Taubah, by turning", "3ed7571zvcc-00112-00030635-00030789": "by repenting.", "3ed7571zvcc-00113-00030789-00031187": "مَنْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا للهِ عَوَّضَهُ اللهُ خَيْرًا مِنْها", "3ed7571zvcc-00114-00031220-00031389": "When you leave something for Allah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00115-00031389-00031589": "Allah will give you a better replacement", "3ed7571zvcc-00116-00031616-00031748": "to run away", "3ed7571zvcc-00117-00031748-00031989": "from all forms of disobedience", "3ed7571zvcc-00118-00032057-00032189": "we see music,", "3ed7571zvcc-00119-00032244-00032350": "movies,", "3ed7571zvcc-00120-00032350-00032710": "television, all forms of evil will become rife.", "3ed7571zvcc-00121-00032771-00033014": "When a person leaves that and runs away", "3ed7571zvcc-00122-00033084-00033363": "then Allah will give him a better recompense,", "3ed7571zvcc-00123-00033491-00033708": "leaving pride and arrogance.", "3ed7571zvcc-00124-00033881-00034180": "من تواضع لله رفعه الله", "3ed7571zvcc-00125-00034180-00034380": "Allah will elevate this person", "3ed7571zvcc-00126-00034400-00034598": "عوضه الله الطمأنينة", "3ed7571zvcc-00127-00034662-00034844": "من ترك الإنتقام", "3ed7571zvcc-00128-00034844-00035008": "He can take revenge, leave it.", "3ed7571zvcc-00129-00035028-00035208": "Allah will give you contentment", "3ed7571zvcc-00130-00035236-00035422": "and happiness.", "3ed7571zvcc-00131-00035507-00035902": "من ترك لله بارك الله فى رزقه", "3ed7571zvcc-00132-00035918-00036102": "When a person leaves sin", "3ed7571zvcc-00133-00036121-00036403": "and disobedience and rushes towards obedience", "3ed7571zvcc-00134-00036424-00036697": "and Allah even gives him Barakah in his Rizq.", "3ed7571zvcc-00135-00036736-00036931": "من ترك الكذب", "3ed7571zvcc-00136-00036945-00037203": "أكرمه الله بإجابة الدعاء", "3ed7571zvcc-00137-00037228-00037419": "A person leaves speaking lies", "3ed7571zvcc-00138-00037451-00037651": "he can become مستجاب الدعوات", "3ed7571zvcc-00139-00037651-00037796": "and their Duas can get accepted", "3ed7571zvcc-00140-00037796-00037950": "because that same tongue", "3ed7571zvcc-00141-00037963-00038180": "that is asking Allah, how can that tongue", "3ed7571zvcc-00142-00038281-00038380": "expect", "3ed7571zvcc-00143-00038456-00038617": "its Duas to be accepted,", "3ed7571zvcc-00144-00038617-00038948": "when it's laced with lies and deception.", "3ed7571zvcc-00145-00039283-00039720": "So we need to turn to Allah we need to find Allah", "3ed7571zvcc-00146-00039860-00040100": "They said: there was one youngster who was in love", "3ed7571zvcc-00147-00040113-00040300": "with a certain girl", "3ed7571zvcc-00148-00040316-00040544": "and her parents sent her somewhere", "3ed7571zvcc-00149-00040572-00040708": "to do some work", "3ed7571zvcc-00150-00040718-00040892": "and he approached her", "3ed7571zvcc-00151-00040990-00041169": "and he expressed", "3ed7571zvcc-00152-00041169-00041473": "إني أحبك حبا شديدا", "3ed7571zvcc-00153-00041560-00041774": "He expressed his love for her", "3ed7571zvcc-00154-00041931-00042340": "So she said: لا تفعل إني أخاف اللّه", "3ed7571zvcc-00155-00042489-00042774": "There is a right way of doing it and the wrong way.", "3ed7571zvcc-00156-00042841-00043139": "We can go down the path of evil and wrong", "3ed7571zvcc-00157-00043208-00043412": "but for now since this ambition", "3ed7571zvcc-00158-00043412-00043600": "of evil has come in our hearts.", "3ed7571zvcc-00159-00043627-00043849": "We need to turn more to Allah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00160-00043926-00044129": "he went in regret and remorse.", "3ed7571zvcc-00161-00044160-00044294": "He said: \"I need to go", "3ed7571zvcc-00162-00044294-00044459": "and change my life and go", "3ed7571zvcc-00163-00044459-00044659": "to the area where the pious people are", "3ed7571zvcc-00164-00044710-00044899": "and he went in that direction", "3ed7571zvcc-00165-00044936-00045099": "and as he was going,", "3ed7571zvcc-00166-00045099-00045336": "he met a very pious, old man", "3ed7571zvcc-00167-00045409-00045691": "and it was very hot the heat was scorching.", "3ed7571zvcc-00168-00045774-00045913": "So as they were travelling", "3ed7571zvcc-00169-00045913-00046009": "the old man said:", "3ed7571zvcc-00170-00046009-00046123": "\"That I will accompany you,", "3ed7571zvcc-00171-00046123-00046323": "wherever you are going but at this juncture,", "3ed7571zvcc-00172-00046412-00046592": "since we are alone it is good for us", "3ed7571zvcc-00173-00046592-00046846": "to travel together then we can part our ways.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00174-00046897-00047248": "Then a cloud came and suspended and gave them shade", "3ed7571zvcc-00175-00047308-00047595": "So he thank the old man and said it's through your Barakah", "3ed7571zvcc-00176-00047646-00047832": "that Allah has given us a shade,", "3ed7571zvcc-00177-00047841-00048120": "the old man made Shukr to Allah (ﷻ).", "3ed7571zvcc-00178-00048196-00048408": "As they came to the juncture of departing,", "3ed7571zvcc-00179-00048408-00048608": "the cloud followed the youngster.", "3ed7571zvcc-00180-00048851-00049043": "The old man approached the youngster and said:", "3ed7571zvcc-00181-00049043-00049190": "\"I thought so it was because of me,", "3ed7571zvcc-00182-00049190-00049339": "what A'mal you did?\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00183-00049372-00049670": "He said: \"I had an opportunity of committing Zina,", "3ed7571zvcc-00184-00049697-00049870": "breaking the command of Allah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00185-00049904-00050212": "I turned to Allah this is the reward I presume.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00186-00050355-00050712": "If Allah can protect a person from the", "3ed7571zvcc-00187-00050734-00050945": "heat of Dunya because they made", "3ed7571zvcc-00188-00050952-00051161": "Taqwa and abstain from گناہ,", "3ed7571zvcc-00189-00051233-00051552": "won't Allah protect the from the Athaab of the Qabr,", "3ed7571zvcc-00190-00051571-00051940": "won't Allah protect them from the torment on the day of Qiyamah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00191-00051954-00052262": "won't Allah protect them from the heat of Jahannam.", "3ed7571zvcc-00192-00052313-00052632": "So this Ummah is a very special Ummah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00193-00052675-00052953": "that their hearts are connected to Allah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00194-00053062-00053241": "They said in the Bani Israeel", "3ed7571zvcc-00195-00053241-00053611": "كان عابد وكان قد أوتي جمالا وحسنا", "3ed7571zvcc-00196-00053704-00054022": "There was one pious person who was given", "3ed7571zvcc-00197-00054028-00054249": "the looks, the captivation,", "3ed7571zvcc-00198-00054367-00054612": "the handsomeness, he was striking", "3ed7571zvcc-00199-00054670-00055029": "and وكان يعمل القفاف بيده فيبيع", "3ed7571zvcc-00200-00055107-00055300": "and he used to make baskets", "3ed7571zvcc-00201-00055300-00055483": "and go house to house and sell", "3ed7571zvcc-00202-00055483-00055638": "that was his occupation.", "3ed7571zvcc-00203-00055684-00055950": "فمر ذات يوم بباب الملك", "3ed7571zvcc-00204-00055950-00056167": "One day he passed close to the palace", "3ed7571zvcc-00205-00056216-00056553": "فنظرت إليه جارية لإمرأة الملك", "3ed7571zvcc-00206-00056601-00056937": "and the assistant of the queen seen him", "3ed7571zvcc-00207-00056974-00057182": "and when she seen him she noticed", "3ed7571zvcc-00208-00057182-00057382": "ما رأيت أحسن منه", "3ed7571zvcc-00209-00057446-00057642": "She noticed his handsomeness", "3ed7571zvcc-00210-00057771-00057916": "and she went to the queen and said:", "3ed7571zvcc-00211-00057916-00058140": "\"There is somebody who has been endowed", "3ed7571zvcc-00212-00058169-00058409": "with beauty, that I have never seen.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00213-00058473-00058688": "So she said: أَدْخِلِيْه عَلَيَّ", "3ed7571zvcc-00214-00058691-00058811": "\"Bring him infront of me.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00215-00058811-00058974": "فأعجبها", "3ed7571zvcc-00216-00059009-00059280": "When she seen him, she was infatuated.", "3ed7571zvcc-00217-00059384-00059539": "She could not handle", "3ed7571zvcc-00218-00059700-00060104": "and said to the Khadim: \"Bring him in, find an excuse,", "3ed7571zvcc-00219-00060171-00060384": "tell him we will buy his baskets.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00220-00060424-00060662": "As he came him, they locked the door", "3ed7571zvcc-00221-00060790-00060904": "and", "3ed7571zvcc-00222-00060963-00061369": "she told him:", "3ed7571zvcc-00223-00061504-00061640": "\"We will free you,", "3ed7571zvcc-00224-00061640-00061860": "we will pay you whatever money you want,", "3ed7571zvcc-00225-00061860-00062014": "you name the price", "3ed7571zvcc-00226-00062167-00062475": "but you need to fulfill our ambition,", "3ed7571zvcc-00227-00062504-00062796": "I will fulfill my desire with you.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00228-00062835-00063192": "فقال ما أريد ذالك مرارا he refused", "3ed7571zvcc-00229-00063312-00063459": "and she insisted", "3ed7571zvcc-00230-00063524-00063659": "and when he realized", "3ed7571zvcc-00231-00063699-00063966": "that there is no way out of this here", "3ed7571zvcc-00232-00063966-00064108": "and the doors were locked", "3ed7571zvcc-00233-00064171-00064442": "and they said:", "3ed7571zvcc-00234-00064446-00064605": "\"We will do what we have to do.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00235-00064784-00064979": "So he made a plan he said:", "3ed7571zvcc-00236-00065009-00065257": "هل فوق قصركم هذا موضع", "3ed7571zvcc-00237-00065262-00065566": "\"is there any special place if we want to commit the گناہ,", "3ed7571zvcc-00238-00065614-00065856": "let me get ready and prepare myself.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00239-00065904-00066048": "So they said: \"Sure,", "3ed7571zvcc-00240-00066110-00066272": "there's the pent house.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00241-00066356-00066488": "So he got into the", "3ed7571zvcc-00242-00066540-00066630": "room,", "3ed7571zvcc-00243-00066691-00066854": "the palace, pent house", "3ed7571zvcc-00244-00066918-00067073": "and he locked the door", "3ed7571zvcc-00245-00067169-00067395": "and he told them give me some time.", "3ed7571zvcc-00246-00067419-00067673": "فأخذ يعاتب نفسه", "3ed7571zvcc-00247-00067713-00068078": "and he started rebuking and scolding his Nafs.", "3ed7571zvcc-00248-00068110-00068297": "ويقول يا نفس", "3ed7571zvcc-00249-00068337-00068872": "انت منذ سبعين سنة تطلبين رِضَا الرَّبِّ الْكَرِيْم حريص عليه", "3ed7571zvcc-00250-00068948-00069265": "That for 70 years, you have been searching", "3ed7571zvcc-00251-00069331-00069531": "and seeking Allah", "3ed7571zvcc-00252-00069544-00069896": "in the brightness of the day you never disobeyed Allah", "3ed7571zvcc-00253-00069921-00070096": "in the darkness of the night,", "3ed7571zvcc-00254-00070145-00070384": "you submitted to Allah", "3ed7571zvcc-00255-00070425-00070808": "and he admonished and reprimanded his Nafs saying:", "3ed7571zvcc-00256-00070830-00071091": "Now one moment will come", "3ed7571zvcc-00257-00071171-00071480": "and you will wipe out your entire lifes A'maal.", "3ed7571zvcc-00258-00071480-00071596": "والله", "3ed7571zvcc-00259-00071667-00071899": "I take an oath you are خائنة", "3ed7571zvcc-00260-00071929-00072236": "You have breached this trust if today", "3ed7571zvcc-00261-00072249-00072436": "on this opportunity", "3ed7571zvcc-00262-00072488-00072844": "you will destroy, you will ruin and you will shatter,", "3ed7571zvcc-00263-00072891-00073217": "your life of Dunya and Aakhirah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00264-00073432-00073848": "So  he thought so I cannot compromise on my Deen.", "3ed7571zvcc-00265-00073875-00074100": "So when that Whatsapp message comes,", "3ed7571zvcc-00266-00074118-00074368": "when that swipe opportunity comes,", "3ed7571zvcc-00267-00074379-00074596": "when that website opportunity comes,", "3ed7571zvcc-00268-00074609-00074931": "in the darkness when you can go into that room,", "3ed7571zvcc-00269-00074931-00075078": "you can go into", "3ed7571zvcc-00270-00075112-00075545": "those doorways that Ma'siyat and disobedience", "3ed7571zvcc-00271-00075592-00075960": "when nobody is watching you and you think so you can get away", "3ed7571zvcc-00272-00076000-00076224": "remember Allah is watching us.", "3ed7571zvcc-00273-00076267-00076424": "We cannot get away.", "3ed7571zvcc-00274-00076449-00076811": "أَلَمْ يَعْلَم بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَرَىٰ", "3ed7571zvcc-00275-00076824-00076980": "Don't they know,", "3ed7571zvcc-00276-00076980-00077292": "Allah is watching every action.", "3ed7571zvcc-00277-00077377-00077584": "He decided he will jump from the", "3ed7571zvcc-00278-00077627-00077835": "penthouse and kill himself,", "3ed7571zvcc-00279-00077860-00078121": "death is more beloved to me", "3ed7571zvcc-00280-00078142-00078371": "than disobeying my Allah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00281-00078428-00078707": "we should make this Muraqabah all the time.", "3ed7571zvcc-00282-00078726-00079004": "Am I ready to make my Allah angry", "3ed7571zvcc-00283-00079004-00079204": "and declare war with Allah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00284-00079262-00079424": "So he got ready to jump.", "3ed7571zvcc-00285-00079424-00079592": "Allah told Jibraeel (عليه السلام)", "3ed7571zvcc-00286-00079592-00079753": "لبيك وسعديك", "3ed7571zvcc-00287-00079753-00079996": "I am ready Ya Allah what is the command?", "3ed7571zvcc-00288-00080025-00080092": "Allah told him", "3ed7571zvcc-00289-00080092-00080545": "عَبْدِيْ يُرِيْدُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَ نَفْسَهُ فِرَارًا مِنْ سَخَطِي وَمَعْصِيَتي", "3ed7571zvcc-00290-00080622-00080830": "He is ready to kill himself", "3ed7571zvcc-00291-00080830-00081102": "and runaway from my anger", "3ed7571zvcc-00292-00081160-00081475": "and my disobedience.", "3ed7571zvcc-00293-00081497-00081728": "لا يصيبه مكروه", "3ed7571zvcc-00294-00081728-00082046": "Make sure, no harm comes to him.", "3ed7571zvcc-00295-00082046-00082260": "When we run from Allah,", "3ed7571zvcc-00296-00082280-00082460": "when we run from sin,", "3ed7571zvcc-00297-00082460-00082708": "when we run from disobedience,", "3ed7571zvcc-00298-00082708-00082974": "Allah's unseen help will come,", "3ed7571zvcc-00299-00082996-00083204": "Allah's protection will come.", "3ed7571zvcc-00300-00083224-00083489": "The Ummah needs to run to Allah", "3ed7571zvcc-00301-00083513-00083774": "and see how Allah will protect them", "3ed7571zvcc-00302-00083782-00084144": "from every evil, from every plotting of Baatil.", "3ed7571zvcc-00303-00084152-00084326": "As the youngster jumped", "3ed7571zvcc-00304-00084326-00084627": "فبسط جبريل جناحه", "3ed7571zvcc-00305-00084627-00084763": "He opened his wings,", "3ed7571zvcc-00306-00084763-00085056": "فأخذه and he grabbed him", "3ed7571zvcc-00307-00085065-00085476": "كما وضع الوالِدُ الرَّحِيْمُ وَلَدَهُ", "3ed7571zvcc-00308-00085499-00085803": "Like how a father, a mother", "3ed7571zvcc-00309-00085814-00086048": "who is putting a sleeping child", "3ed7571zvcc-00310-00086075-00086315": "in the cot so they don't wake up.", "3ed7571zvcc-00311-00086344-00086808": "Jibraeel (عليه السلام) put him nicely onto the ground", "3ed7571zvcc-00312-00086881-00087124": "أتى إمرأته he came to his wife", "3ed7571zvcc-00313-00087144-00087387": "he left everything it was dark", "3ed7571zvcc-00314-00087403-00087521": "his wife said:", "3ed7571zvcc-00315-00087521-00087704": "\"أين الثمن wheres the profits", "3ed7571zvcc-00316-00087704-00087985": "I see you sold everything today what a good transaction.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00317-00088003-00088219": "He said: \"No nothing has happened,", "3ed7571zvcc-00318-00088233-00088566": "then he told his wife tonight we will make Sabr,", "3ed7571zvcc-00319-00088598-00088766": "rather I make Sabr", "3ed7571zvcc-00320-00088776-00088936": "and stay hungry", "3ed7571zvcc-00321-00088944-00089110": "then fulfilling my desires", "3ed7571zvcc-00322-00089110-00089400": "then commit گناہ and break Allah's commands.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00323-00089420-00089600": "Like that we will get opportunities", "3ed7571zvcc-00324-00089620-00089844": "to make millions and billions", "3ed7571zvcc-00325-00089856-00090075": "but we will compromise the Deen of Allah.", "3ed7571zvcc-00326-00090091-00090358": "Never ever let that happen we will lose all the Barakah", "3ed7571zvcc-00327-00090390-00090699": "and he told her قُوْمِيْ فَاسْجُرِي", "3ed7571zvcc-00328-00090723-00090944": "That go and light the oven", "3ed7571zvcc-00329-00090971-00091176": "I don't want to see our neighbours,", "3ed7571zvcc-00330-00091235-00091441": "they might feel we haven't lit anything", "3ed7571zvcc-00331-00091441-00091617": "and they will feel the difficulty", "3ed7571zvcc-00332-00091632-00091836": "that these people are hungry.", "3ed7571zvcc-00333-00091859-00092084": "So she went to light the oven", "3ed7571zvcc-00334-00092192-00092499": "and the neighbours wife came", "3ed7571zvcc-00335-00092515-00092816": "and she said: \"We need some fire, some flame.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00336-00092816-00092931": "She told her: \"Go", "3ed7571zvcc-00337-00092964-00093249": "into the kitchen and take the fire.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00338-00093304-00093529": "The neighbours wife came running out", "3ed7571zvcc-00339-00093529-00093729": "and she said: \"You are here talking,", "3ed7571zvcc-00340-00093772-00093984": "I can see that all", "3ed7571zvcc-00341-00093998-00094369": "your bread and food is ready the oven is full", "3ed7571zvcc-00342-00094384-00094704": "it's going to burn فقامت فأذا التنور.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00343-00094737-00095124": "She went to the kitchen and seen that the oven was filled", "3ed7571zvcc-00344-00095134-00095432": "with fresh, fresh bread.", "3ed7571zvcc-00345-00095491-00095686": "So she started collecting it.", "3ed7571zvcc-00346-00095784-00096019": "She came to the husband she was also", "3ed7571zvcc-00347-00096083-00096326": "the one that was connected to Allah she said:", "3ed7571zvcc-00348-00096345-00096550": "إن ربك لم يصنع بك", "3ed7571zvcc-00349-00096550-00096814": "هذا إلّا وأنت عليه كريم", "3ed7571zvcc-00350-00096832-00097019": "You did some good deed today", "3ed7571zvcc-00351-00097035-00097259": "and I can see Allah (ﷻ) has favoured you.", "3ed7571zvcc-00352-00097268-00097395": "Ask Allah", "3ed7571zvcc-00353-00097411-00097747": "أدع الله يبسط علينا بقية عُمْرِنَا", "3ed7571zvcc-00354-00097769-00098043": "That Allah must open up Dunya for us now.", "3ed7571zvcc-00355-00098075-00098273": "So he said: \"Be patient,", "3ed7571zvcc-00356-00098292-00098532": "be patient فلم تزل به", "3ed7571zvcc-00357-00098532-00098641": "but she insisted", "3ed7571zvcc-00358-00098664-00098798": "and insisted.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00359-00098819-00099142": "and infront of a man sometimes he doesn't stand a chance.", "3ed7571zvcc-00360-00099169-00099456": "He said: \"Maaf I will do it, no problem,", "3ed7571zvcc-00361-00099468-00099656": "if you want Dunya then have it.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00362-00099691-00099836": "فقام فى جوف لليل", "3ed7571zvcc-00363-00099836-00100084": "In the darkness of the night, he started his Tahajjud.", "3ed7571zvcc-00364-00100115-00100238": "He came for Dua, he said:", "3ed7571zvcc-00365-00100238-00100617": "إن زوجي اللهم سألتني", "3ed7571zvcc-00366-00100628-00100868": "\"My wife has asked me I don't want it,", "3ed7571zvcc-00367-00100889-00100992": "فَأَعْطِهَا", "3ed7571zvcc-00368-00101009-00101348": "give her whatever she wants so that her whole life she is sorted out.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00369-00101392-00101760": "فَانْفَرَجَ السَّقْفُ the roof opened up", "3ed7571zvcc-00370-00101790-00101960": "فنزلت إليه", "3ed7571zvcc-00371-00102028-00102227": "An emerald", "3ed7571zvcc-00372-00102268-00102427": "fell down", "3ed7571zvcc-00373-00102441-00102649": "and lit the entire room", "3ed7571zvcc-00374-00102689-00103059": "So he shook the wifes legs while she was sleeping", "3ed7571zvcc-00375-00103092-00103422": "and he said: \"Wake up wake up take what you want.", "3ed7571zvcc-00376-00103444-00103620": "So she said: \"Why you waking me up?\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00377-00103620-00103804": "أَلِهَذا أيقظتني", "3ed7571zvcc-00378-00103833-00104052": "\"Are you waking me up for this here,", "3ed7571zvcc-00379-00104092-00104401": "are you troubling me I'm busy sleeping.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00380-00104419-00104670": "He is wondering now I didn't want to do it,", "3ed7571zvcc-00381-00104670-00104769": "now I did it,", "3ed7571zvcc-00382-00104793-00104969": "now all that she wanted her whole life", "3ed7571zvcc-00383-00104969-00105116": "and she was dreaming about", "3ed7571zvcc-00384-00105128-00105283": "I cannot understand her.", "3ed7571zvcc-00385-00105323-00105640": "\"What's the problem?\" She said: \"No I seen a dream,", "3ed7571zvcc-00386-00105678-00105960": "I seen a beautiful palace,", "3ed7571zvcc-00387-00105992-00106160": "and in that palace, was a throne,", "3ed7571zvcc-00388-00106160-00106360": "مصفوفة من ذهب<b></b>", "3ed7571zvcc-00389-00106388-00106580": "it was made of pure gold,", "3ed7571zvcc-00390-00106580-00106780": "مكل بالياقوت<b></b>", "3ed7571zvcc-00391-00106780-00106980": "and it was stud with rubies", "3ed7571zvcc-00392-00107008-00107281": "and emeralds but there was a flaw,", "3ed7571zvcc-00393-00107352-00107673": "So I asked: لِمَنْ هَذا", "3ed7571zvcc-00394-00107673-00107873": "this beautiful gardens, palace,", "3ed7571zvcc-00395-00107873-00108040": "this throne, who does it belong to?\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00396-00108056-00108441": "I was told هذا مجلس زوجكِ", "3ed7571zvcc-00397-00108459-00108755": "This is the Majlis and the gathering of your husband", "3ed7571zvcc-00398-00108755-00108955": "فقلت ما هذه ثلمة", "3ed7571zvcc-00399-00108980-00109203": "but why is there a flaw in this", "3ed7571zvcc-00400-00109248-00109363": "throne.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00401-00109388-00109680": "So I was told, what you hurried for", "3ed7571zvcc-00402-00109680-00109896": "that reward that you wanted in Dunya", "3ed7571zvcc-00403-00109939-00110200": "I said: ما لي حاجة فى شيء", "3ed7571zvcc-00404-00110224-00110550": "I don't want any flaw in our Jannah.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00405-00110584-00110861": "أدع ربك، فدعا ربه فرجع", "3ed7571zvcc-00406-00110902-00111102": "So then he made Dua again that", "3ed7571zvcc-00407-00111107-00111483": "strange Ajeeb I'm giving you what you want now you not happy.", "3ed7571zvcc-00408-00111500-00111784": "She said: \"I am not happy for any shortfall", "3ed7571zvcc-00409-00111801-00112129": "in our Aakhirah ask Allah to take it back,", "3ed7571zvcc-00410-00112155-00112329": "we need to turn to Allah.\"", "3ed7571zvcc-00411-00112329-00112571": "إذا تاب العبد من ذنوبه", "3ed7571zvcc-00412-00112571-00112915": "and a person makes Taubah أنسى الله حبذته<b></b>", "3ed7571zvcc-00413-00112947-00113608": "even the Farishtas ما يلفظ من قول إلّا لديه رقيب عتيد", "3ed7571zvcc-00414-00113624-00113806": "every word that we utter,", "3ed7571zvcc-00415-00113819-00114182": "there is an angel writing it Allah makes the angels forget.", "3ed7571zvcc-00416-00114195-00114536": "وأنسى ذالك جوارحه His body organs", "3ed7571zvcc-00417-00114559-00114933": "also forget الْيَوْمَ نَخْتِمُ عَلَىٰ أَفْوَاهِهِمْ", "3ed7571zvcc-00418-00114959-00115201": "وَتُكَلِّمُنَا أَيْدِيهِمْ", "3ed7571zvcc-00419-00115208-00115558": "وَتَشْهَدُ أَرْجُلُهُم بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ", "3ed7571zvcc-00420-00115558-00115888": "when their hands will speak and their organs will speak", "3ed7571zvcc-00421-00115945-00116248": "تَشْهَدُ عَلَيْهِمْ أَلْسِنَتُهُمْ وَأَيْدِيهِمْ", "3ed7571zvcc-00422-00116283-00116628": "All of this will speak, Allah will make those organs forget.", "3ed7571zvcc-00423-00116683-00116932": "ومعالمه من الأرض", "3ed7571zvcc-00424-00116932-00117184": "Wherever he committed گناہ that will be forgotten.", "3ed7571zvcc-00425-00117204-00117720": "حتى يلقى الله يوم القيامة وليس عليه شاهد", "3ed7571zvcc-00426-00117720-00117920": "من الله بذنب", "3ed7571zvcc-00427-00117920-00118198": "He will meet Allah on the day of Qiyamah", "3ed7571zvcc-00428-00118233-00118428": "and there will be no witnesses,", "3ed7571zvcc-00429-00118428-00118675": "no testimony free from گناہ", "3ed7571zvcc-00430-00118692-00118897": "May Allah give us Taufeeq", "3ed7571zvcc-00431-00118897-00119078": "of repenting and turning to him.", "3ed7571zvcc-00432-00119078-00119459": "و آخر دعوانا أن الحمد لله رب العالمين"}}, {"audio_id": "3etzq0lpYVY", "text": {"3etzq0lpYVY-00000-00000186-00000714": "Hello everyone, I'm justumen, how are you doing today ? And welcome in the subject called", "3etzq0lpYVY-00001-00000714-00000900": "\"social revolution\".", "3etzq0lpYVY-00002-00000900-00001334": "In this subject, we are going to discuss about the influence of modern technology in our", "3etzq0lpYVY-00003-00001334-00001491": "lives.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00004-00001491-00001871": "The good, the bad and I guess... the ugly.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00005-00001871-00002715": "We will talk about what we should avoid, and maybe what we can do to make it better.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00006-00002715-00003415": "In this section I'm NOT going to talk about the dangers of specific and targetted manipulation.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00007-00003415-00004009": "So if it is what you are interested in, you need to check the \"BRAIN HACKING\" subject.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00008-00004009-00004889": "Here, I'm instead going to talk about some of our digital environments and their dangers.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00009-00004889-00005404": "Human beings are emotional creatures, and because of that, we are very vulnerable to", "3etzq0lpYVY-00010-00005404-00005747": "emotion-based computer systems.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00011-00005747-00006375": "The biggest \"success\" story of this type is \"social media\".", "3etzq0lpYVY-00012-00006375-00007052": "Social media's effects are for most people meaningless, but for SOME it will have lifechanging", "3etzq0lpYVY-00013-00007052-00007289": "consequences.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00014-00007289-00007921": "And even if the percentage of this happening to a specific individual is very LOW, social", "3etzq0lpYVY-00015-00007921-00008914": "media are, as of 2018, used by more than one third of the world's population.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00016-00008914-00009615": "Which makes even A SMALL percentage into a non-negligeable number.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00017-00009615-00010156": "Monkey warning : This is my humble personal OPINION on social media, and shouldn't be", "3etzq0lpYVY-00018-00010156-00010518": "considered as fact.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00019-00010518-00011520": "Just like Ethanol in alcoholic beverages or nicotine in cigarettes, social media are using", "3etzq0lpYVY-00020-00011520-00012056": "emotions to create a brand new type of addiction.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00021-00012056-00012665": "Addiction is their main goal, because they make most of their income from their addicted", "3etzq0lpYVY-00022-00012665-00012765": "users.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00023-00012765-00013481": "And to achieve that, they use a wide array of emotional triggers.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00024-00013481-00013955": "Positive : like pride, joy or contempt.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00025-00013955-00014476": "But also Negative : like fear, anger or disgust.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00026-00014476-00015005": "And like all addictions, in SOME situations, they can have unwanted consequences.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00027-00015005-00015813": "A lot of people are revolted about all of this manipulation, and i could talk more about", "3etzq0lpYVY-00028-00015813-00015913": "it.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00029-00015913-00016244": "But personnaly, for adults, I don't really care.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00030-00016244-00016927": "Like I said, for me, it's like alcool or cigarettes, if you know about the risks and you do it", "3etzq0lpYVY-00031-00016927-00017027": "anyway.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00032-00017027-00017317": "Whatever, I don't mind.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00033-00017317-00017734": "So I'm not here to tell you what you should or shouldn't do.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00034-00017734-00017974": "So if you like it, use it.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00035-00017974-00018630": "As long as you are aware of what they are trying to do.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00036-00018630-00019250": "There are so many people using social media just like if was it was tabacco.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00037-00019250-00019811": "Like.. oh i need to check something and just start scrolling.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00038-00019811-00020252": "Just like that in the middle of a sentence.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00039-00020252-00020516": "Exactly like it was a cigarette.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00040-00020516-00020794": "But in this video, it is not what i want to talk about.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00041-00020794-00021617": "Now, I want to talk about something much more dangerous The spread of online propaganda.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00042-00021617-00022562": "Today, we no longer assimillate informations directly by talking to another human being,", "3etzq0lpYVY-00043-00022562-00022958": "or by reading books and newspapers.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00044-00022958-00023701": "Since the arrival of social media, information has a brand new means of transportation.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00045-00023701-00024206": "Most of the time it's great, but sometimes it's not.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00046-00024206-00024868": "We live today in a very strange world, we are surrounded and drowned in data.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00047-00024868-00025545": "By itself data isn't dangerous, but when it reaches a human, it can mutate into a dangerous", "3etzq0lpYVY-00048-00025545-00025697": "opinion.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00049-00025697-00026287": "Today, if you don't know about something, you can check it online and have your answer", "3etzq0lpYVY-00050-00026287-00026387": "in seconds.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00051-00026387-00027091": "Like \"what is the first song of Michael Jackson\" or stuff like that.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00052-00027091-00027768": "So it is very easy for us to think that we control information, but it is too often the", "3etzq0lpYVY-00053-00027768-00028046": "other way around.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00054-00028046-00028789": "And it's incredibly dangerous, when you don't see it happening to you.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00055-00028789-00029322": "Social media are free to use because their income is based on advertising.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00056-00029322-00030039": "Advertising has done a lot of good things online, but it also have a dark side.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00057-00030039-00030570": "For social media, and their business model, the quality of the content is irrelevant,", "3etzq0lpYVY-00058-00030570-00031119": "only the number of people they are able to reach matters.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00059-00031119-00031661": "I'm not talking about selfies of course, but it can sometimes be problematic, for example", "3etzq0lpYVY-00060-00031661-00032183": "if you are using social media as a source for news.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00061-00032183-00032694": "You need to understand that they are using computer programs that are DESIGNED to give", "3etzq0lpYVY-00062-00032694-00033108": "you what you want, NOT what you need.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00063-00033108-00033896": "Also, just like search engines, they are NEVER responsible for the actual content.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00064-00033896-00034749": "So not only bad content will NOT hurt their income, but it will increase it instead.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00065-00034749-00035434": "Yes ! They can exploit their user's happiness but also their misery.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00066-00035434-00036018": "The computer code is also able to learn a lot about you.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00067-00036018-00036611": "For example today, on social media, your opinion has a price.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00068-00036611-00037030": "But in a democracy, this idea is very troubling.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00069-00037030-00037824": "Most of the time it is very discrete... but it can be also be official, like buying ads", "3etzq0lpYVY-00070-00037824-00038355": "so I can make you think what I want you to think.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00071-00038355-00039143": "Since the arrival of the internet, it is the first time we can have targetted propaganda.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00072-00039143-00040047": "People can be targetted because they are young, old, poor, troubled or fit with a specific", "3etzq0lpYVY-00073-00040047-00040265": "goal.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00074-00040265-00040849": "So because of this, social media is probably the worst possible platform for anyone to", "3etzq0lpYVY-00075-00040849-00041218": "form an OPINION about anything.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00076-00041218-00041886": "But unfortunately some people are still doing it.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00077-00041886-00042702": "Depending of the subject, the content is sometimes full of lies with shaddy sources, like hoaxes,", "3etzq0lpYVY-00078-00042702-00043187": "but even when they are not, they will often be very HEAVILY biased in your favor.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00079-00043187-00043875": "They will always give you the feeling that you are in the right, and won't confront you", "3etzq0lpYVY-00080-00043875-00044193": "with different ideas.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00081-00044193-00044463": "Because it might \"displease\" you.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00082-00044463-00044994": "But by making the computer code optimized this way, they are also dividing people and", "3etzq0lpYVY-00083-00044994-00045570": "encouraging conflicts as one of their side effects.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00084-00045570-00046319": "Sometimes it isn't a real problem, like in the very common political left/right rivalry", "3etzq0lpYVY-00085-00046319-00047256": ": For them it will just make people post more pamphlets about how BAD the other side is.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00086-00047256-00047692": "But the same computer code in another environment can turn to political instability, violence", "3etzq0lpYVY-00087-00047692-00048192": "and even sometimes war and death.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00088-00048192-00049059": "A lot of people are amazed about the evolution of technology, especially computers and the", "3etzq0lpYVY-00089-00049059-00049215": "internet.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00090-00049215-00049791": "But in this section we will talk about the facts and try to objectively imagine how the", "3etzq0lpYVY-00091-00049791-00050241": "future generations are going to remember us.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00092-00050241-00050722": "Are we currently living in an age of progress ? like we think we are.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00093-00050722-00051315": "Or are we instead living in a period that will be refered as \"the dark ages of computer", "3etzq0lpYVY-00094-00051315-00052236": "science\" ? in this subject we will also discuss about all the social changes that the INTERNET", "3etzq0lpYVY-00095-00052236-00052599": "and the WEB are responsible for.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00096-00052599-00053325": "For example, online anonymity is a blessing MOST of the time, but it can also have its", "3etzq0lpYVY-00097-00053325-00053583": "drawbacks.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00098-00053583-00053804": "Online hatred is one of them.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00099-00053804-00054544": "It's obviously easier to practice hatred, screen to screen, rather than face to face.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00100-00054544-00055279": "We will have several social experiments to see how the same people would react to the", "3etzq0lpYVY-00101-00055279-00055920": "same type of events, depending if it is online or offline.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00102-00055920-00056403": "On a serious note, we will try to understand what happened to the basic human decency online.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00103-00056403-00057055": "And on a lighter note, we will make fun of some keyboard warriors.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00104-00057055-00057794": "But now, let's talk a little about a very specific example of online behavior : \"trolling\"", "3etzq0lpYVY-00105-00057794-00058788": "For those who don't know what an online troll is, let me give you an example.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00106-00058788-00059469": "Imagine a scenario where an athlete wins a gold medal in the olympics and post something", "3etzq0lpYVY-00107-00059469-00059830": "about it on social media.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00108-00059830-00060377": "Let's say that this event was record breaking and captured a lot of attention.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00109-00060377-00060982": "So you will have countless comments of congratulations and so on.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00110-00060982-00062133": "A troll will see this popularity as an opportunity, and will post a message as offensive as possible.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00111-00062133-00063211": "Using insults of course, but very often a touch of racism, sexism or very heavy bigotry.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00112-00063211-00063983": "These trolls might not be racist or sexist at all, but they will fake it, just to attract", "3etzq0lpYVY-00113-00063983-00064166": "attention.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00114-00064166-00064663": "They just want their message to stand out from the rest.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00115-00064663-00065426": "If they say \"congratulation\", their message might not even be read.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00116-00065426-00065682": "Rendering them, from their point of view, unsignificant.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00117-00065682-00066393": "It isn't about the content of the message, it is only about them and the mayhem they", "3etzq0lpYVY-00118-00066393-00066730": "want to create.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00119-00066730-00067441": "Online it is a necessity for everyone to be able to identify these trolls, and the best", "3etzq0lpYVY-00120-00067441-00067696": "thing to do is to ignore them.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00121-00067696-00068536": "Trying to argue or even reply to their comments is called \"feeding the trolls\".", "3etzq0lpYVY-00122-00068536-00069210": "That is exactly what the trolls want, and that's exactly what you don't want to do.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00123-00069210-00070162": "So there is another \"lighter\" version of trolling that you can define as : \"messing with\" or", "3etzq0lpYVY-00124-00070162-00070480": "\"make fun of\".", "3etzq0lpYVY-00125-00070480-00070917": "This one, if done well, can sometimes be pretty funny.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00126-00070917-00071638": "When you are browsing online, the MOST important thing you need to have is : skeptisism.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00127-00071638-00072460": "Due to the unfiltered nature of the internet, when you use it, you need to have doubts about", "3etzq0lpYVY-00128-00072460-00072913": "absolutely everything you see or read.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00129-00072913-00073760": "But some people aren't educated about this, and they read online content the same way", "3etzq0lpYVY-00130-00073760-00073967": "they are reading the newspaper.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00131-00073967-00075052": "It is a big mistake and trolling can sometimes expose their credulity in a funny way.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00132-00075052-00075727": "As a general rule : Don't trust everything you read or hear online.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00133-00075727-00076306": "Even if the source is highly respectable, you need to stay vigilant.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00134-00076306-00077043": "Gathering new information is a little like eating, you should always chew.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00135-00077043-00077817": "If there is a ROCK in your food, you want to find it before dying.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00136-00077817-00078623": "Good trolling is not about lying, even if is technicaly a lie.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00137-00078623-00079048": "The goal of good trolling is to trigger awareness.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00138-00079048-00079762": "If you have been trolled in the past, you should tell yourself : \"Okay I got trolled.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00139-00079762-00080195": "But I won't get fooled twice.\".", "3etzq0lpYVY-00140-00080195-00080735": "Some people enjoy trolling, especially teenagers.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00141-00080735-00081207": "But if you want to troll for fun, make the lie big enough.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00142-00081207-00082002": "Otherwise it is NOT trolling, it is called LYING.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00143-00082002-00082241": "Lying is bad...", "3etzq0lpYVY-00144-00082241-00082486": "Oh no...", "3etzq0lpYVY-00145-00082486-00083042": "Lies are bad, and they aren't funny.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00146-00083042-00083766": "But they are also spreading online for the exact same reason : people's credulity.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00147-00083766-00084589": "It can be clickbait : like a video called \"Alien space ship fly over belgium\".", "3etzq0lpYVY-00148-00084589-00084926": "It can be made up numbers : like bogus statistics.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00149-00084926-00085562": "It can be just plain misinformation : like hoaxes.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00150-00085562-00086116": "sometimes related to real events, but sometimes totally made up.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00151-00086116-00086531": "The lies, by definition, can be about anything.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00152-00086531-00087152": "We will talk about them in details and I really hope that one day, all internet users will", "3etzq0lpYVY-00153-00087152-00087573": "be able to recognize them at first sight.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00154-00087573-00087855": "And then, they might cease to exist.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00155-00087855-00088741": "Apparently now, english speaking people want to use the term \"fake news\" for some of these", "3etzq0lpYVY-00156-00088741-00088985": "fabricated stories.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00157-00088985-00089710": "But it isn't a new thing at all, it has been around for a long time already.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00158-00089710-00090564": "The oldest and most memorable memory I have about it, date back to 2004, when I heard", "3etzq0lpYVY-00159-00090564-00091706": "on french national TV that 147 high school students from Japan killed themselves by swallowing", "3etzq0lpYVY-00160-00091706-00092780": "pockets of silicone to protest against the delay of the release of a video Dead Or Alive.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00161-00092780-00093387": "Disinformation is common online, but this piece on TV was supposed to be a very serious", "3etzq0lpYVY-00162-00093387-00093869": "and dramatic documentary about suicide in japan.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00163-00093869-00094445": "It is also a very serious news channel.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00164-00094445-00094794": "If you don't know the game Dead Or Alive, well....", "3etzq0lpYVY-00165-00094794-00095511": "how to put it... the women in the game have large breasts.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00166-00095511-00096605": "So it all started as an online joke, but SOMEHOW, it made its way on many very serious news", "3etzq0lpYVY-00167-00096605-00097008": "outlets, paper and tv.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00168-00097008-00097842": "On TV, they even somehow linked all video game fanatics in japan with suicide, by quoting", "3etzq0lpYVY-00169-00097842-00098824": "some \"doctors\", because gamer's lives doesn't have any meaning or something like that.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00170-00098824-00099604": "I'm not sure if I can show you the footage here, so i will give you a link if you are", "3etzq0lpYVY-00171-00099604-00099704": "interested.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00172-00099704-00099952": "And can understand french.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00173-00099952-00100535": "I think they later apologized for what they said, both for talking about this link between", "3etzq0lpYVY-00174-00100535-00101368": "video games and suicide that... just doesn't exist and for the fake mass suicide story.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00175-00101368-00102300": "So even today there are still people who believe everything they read or hear.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00176-00102300-00102985": "But some people understand this WAY too well, and are pushing the skepticism a little too", "3etzq0lpYVY-00177-00102985-00103085": "far.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00178-00103085-00103465": "They don't trust the main stream media, they don't trust their government and, they don't", "3etzq0lpYVY-00179-00103465-00103700": "trust history books.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00180-00103700-00104289": "I'm of course talking about the believers of conspiracy theories.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00181-00104289-00104638": "Basically they can't trust anything anymore.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00182-00104638-00105513": "They had... an epiphany and for them, well... almost everything is a lie.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00183-00105513-00106024": "I'm not really interested about what these conspiracies are saying.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00184-00106024-00106764": "Together, we won't try to debunk them but we will talk about their effects on people's", "3etzq0lpYVY-00185-00106764-00106864": "minds.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00186-00106864-00107633": "And we will try to speculate about what type of events can trigger that kind of behaviour.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00187-00107633-00108352": "We also try to see what we can do to protect the public, especially children but also unexperienced", "3etzq0lpYVY-00188-00108352-00108654": "computer users.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00189-00108654-00109370": "Lastly we will try to see if it is possible for these people to be normal again.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00190-00109370-00109896": "Or if their minds are lost forever, into the abyss of their own paranoia.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00191-00109896-00110751": "Of course, social media are today a very important tool for the spread of both lies and conspiracy", "3etzq0lpYVY-00192-00110751-00110852": "theories.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00193-00110852-00111861": "So to summarize, we can wonder if people are today just numbers in a predictable computer", "3etzq0lpYVY-00194-00111861-00112021": "system.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00195-00112021-00112717": "With this widespread manipulation, for greed or polical reasons, are we witnessing the", "3etzq0lpYVY-00196-00112717-00113552": "end of democracy as we know it ? And more importantly, will we make it better, or will", "3etzq0lpYVY-00197-00113552-00114202": "we make it worse ? So stay skeptical, but... stay normal.", "3etzq0lpYVY-00198-00114202-00114330": "See you."}}, {"audio_id": "3eIC0rMI7rQ", "text": {"3eIC0rMI7rQ-00000-00000036-00000906": "I want to say thank you Mom and Dad I want to thank you both because y'all gave me something", "3eIC0rMI7rQ-00001-00000906-00001632": "that money could not buy the gospel y'all gave me the gospel and I'm thankful for it", "3eIC0rMI7rQ-00002-00001632-00002220": "and I pray that every parent out there is looking at this that you don't ever", "3eIC0rMI7rQ-00003-00002220-00002700": "look down to yourself and say well I didn't do enough for my child if you gave them the", "3eIC0rMI7rQ-00004-00002700-00003354": "gospel if you gave them the gospel you gave them the game you gave them everything that", "3eIC0rMI7rQ-00005-00003354-00003929": "they need to survive and live in this world don't let this world tell you because you", "3eIC0rMI7rQ-00006-00003929-00004434": "didn't give your own child the latest Jordans you didn't buy them the latest PlayStation", "3eIC0rMI7rQ-00007-00004542-00005064": "um you didn't buy them a Tesla or whatever the case may be if you gave in the gospel if", "3eIC0rMI7rQ-00008-00005064-00005784": "you live the life of a Christian before them and you did the best thing ever the best thing ever", "3eIC0rMI7rQ-00009-00005784-00006995": "change the slavery I'm truly free it's free to be"}}, {"audio_id": "3eL8lQyUkbu", "text": {"3eL8lQyUkbu-00000-00000821-00001536": "at the end of time towards that era the Prophet (saw) tells us about a very", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00001-00001536-00002514": "strange man who will rule the earth an Abyssinian (Ethiopia) king will rule the earth his", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00002-00002514-00003000": "name as the Prophet (saw) describes him Dhu'l-Suwayqatayn it's a name in the", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00003-00003000-00003813": "description the Dhu'l-Suwayqatayn means the man of the peculiar-looking", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00004-00003813-00004730": "shins they're thin and the short Dhu'l-Suwayqatayn he will come from Abyssinia", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00005-00004730-00005367": "Al-Habasha, Ethiopia and he will destroy the Ka'bah not the Madinah. The Ka'bah itself", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00006-00005367-00006003": "the holiest symbol of the Muslims today he will destroy the Ka'bah in order to", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00007-00006003-00006486": "steal its treasure and clothe covering what I understand from that is the", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00008-00006486-00006918": "covering they have on it today the Ka'bah is the ancient building which", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00009-00006918-00007431": "was built by Ibrahim (as) and his foundations were laid by Adam this", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00010-00007431-00007879": "is the hadith of the Prophet (saw)", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00011-00007879-00008268": "Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala says in the Qur'an", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00012-00008281-00008772": "that is reported from Ka'ab Al-Ahbar the Dhu'l-Suwayqatayn will first emerge", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00013-00008772-00009484": "at the end of a Isa (as) time. Allah will send Isa (as) at the head", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00014-00009484-00010135": "of a vanguard of between seven and eight hundred while they are marching towards", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00015-00010135-00010582": "the Dhu'l-Suwayqatayn in his special army of about 500/800 special", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00016-00010582-00011178": "which Isa (as) will take with him to fight Dhu'l-Suwayqatayn Allah will send a", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00017-00011178-00011928": "breeze from the direction of Yemen which will take the soul of every believer", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00018-00011975-00012606": "only the worst of people will be left and they will begin to live like animals", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00019-00012606-00013165": "or copulate like animals Ka'ab (ra) said at that time the hour will be", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00020-00013165-00013695": "close at hand,now that we know this Dhu'l-Suwayqatayn will come and grab the Ka'bah", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00021-00013695-00014166": "at break it brick by brick and no one will be able to stop him no one will", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00022-00014166-00014832": "stop him because they'll be no one to stop him either he'll be so powerful but", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00023-00014832-00015301": "Allahu A'lam about that but what the Hadees indicate is that there will be no", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00024-00015301-00015683": "believers on that time,", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00025-00015683-00016022": "when that happens my dear brothers and sisters and ka'bah it is destroyed", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00026-00016022-00016637": "therefore no believers, you heard the hadith earlier that Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00027-00016637-00017297": "will send in the breeze before the Muslims reach Dhu'l-Suwayqatayn and every", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00028-00017297-00017822": "believer in another hadith Prophet (saw) said every believer,", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00029-00017822-00018416": "who is monotheists believes in only one God and doesn't make any shirk will die will die", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00030-00018416-00019058": "peacefully from this breeze and only the disbelievers and the tyrants and the", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00031-00019058-00019439": "criminals will stay on earth the Ka'bah is destroyed the symbols of Islam are", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00032-00019439-00019828": "destroyed the Quran has been lifted there is no more Islamic knowledge", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00033-00019828-00020492": "what's left Ad-Dunya the world and the Prophet (saw) said,", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00034-00020492-00021365": "Ad-Dunya is cursed everything in it is", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00035-00021365-00021815": "cursed except for the remembrance of allah and whoever", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00036-00021815-00022166": "are the allies of the remembrance of Allah so the beasts and creatures are allies of", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00037-00022166-00022472": "the remembrance of allah because allah says in the quran there isn't anything", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00038-00022472-00022952": "on earth other than the humans and jinns except that it glorifies in the name of", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00039-00022952-00023420": "allah but you cannot understand their praise and other verses in the quran", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00040-00023420-00023720": "allah talks about mountains and trees and all that that glorify Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00041-00023720-00024395": "the point is Allahu A'lam what will happen to the animals will they die", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00042-00024395-00024820": "before the end of time Allah knows best but the point is everything on earth is", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00043-00024820-00025220": "cursed that does not follow the allegiance of the remembrance of", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00044-00025220-00025777": "Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala and a final sign before the day of destruction is the", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00045-00025777-00026227": "Fire \"An Naar\". The Messenger of Allah (saw) tells us find this hadith", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00046-00026227-00026481": "Sahih Muslim you'll find it in Bukhari you'll find it", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00047-00026481-00027033": "in almost all the books of Hadith.The six books major books of Hadees a fire will", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00048-00027033-00027819": "come out from where exactly we don't know but it comes from towards the the", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00049-00027819-00028647": "northern part of the of the world and it will spread through the world could be", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00050-00028647-00029052": "acid it could be something from the earth volcanic eruptions only Allah", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00051-00029052-00029484": "knows exactly the point is it burns and the people of the world will run away", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00052-00029484-00029772": "from their fire because it'll take over their homes and lands it's no longer", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00053-00029772-00030333": "livable can't live there anymore is it a meteorite that will hit the earth Allahu A'lam", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00054-00030333-00030795": "only Allah knows exactly the point is it's now and it will gather the people", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00055-00030795-00031344": "The Messenger of Allah (saw) said it'll gather the people to their gathering", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00056-00031344-00031818": "some scholars say this means that it will gather them to the place", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00057-00031818-00032169": "where they will be resurrected on a day of judgement that's the place", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00058-00032169-00032622": "some other scholars say no it'll gather them together in a place in one place", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00059-00032622-00032876": "and that's where the world will end they'll all die there", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00060-00032876-00033630": "Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala knows best then the first moments of the destruction of the", "3eL8lQyUkbu-00061-00033630-00033893": "world begins"}}, {"audio_id": "3eSqqIqKQCA", "text": {"3eSqqIqKQCA-00000-00000000-00003986": "Stream Sakura Ep 🌸👇🏾"}}, {"audio_id": "3f3t1SAIR3I", "text": {"3f3t1SAIR3I-00000-00001123-00001672": "Initially when we started seeing her she would definitely be attached to another cow", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00001-00001672-00002204": "like where she was physically touching the other cow when she was moving and we figured", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00002-00002204-00002698": "that's how she trained herself as to what she was doing. If she doesn't have a cow right", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00003-00002698-00003300": "there with her she'll extend her neck as far as she can and she'll use the tip of her nose", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00004-00003300-00004000": "to anything that's at head-level so like a gate or moving up to the parlor, she'll use", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00005-00004147-00004847": "her nose to figure out where she's going. Everything below that, she's pretty entertaining.", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00006-00005007-00005451": "We have alley scrapers here that run underneath the whole time. She hears the alley scrapers", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00007-00005451-00005887": "start and all of the sudden you'll see her start dancing and shuffling her feet because", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00008-00005887-00006479": "she's trying to figure out where that alley scraper is and how close it is to being underneath", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00009-00006479-00006905": "her. She has kind of earned her keep here and since she's earned her keep she's kind", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00010-00006905-00007295": "of become a favorite. You sympathize with her because she runs into gates every once", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00011-00007295-00007995": "in a while, that's how she got the nickname \"Ping pong\". Because it helps Ping to hear", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00012-00008000-00008564": "things. We all tend to talk more around her to kind of let her know where we're located", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00013-00008564-00009054": "and everything else. But you can get within this close to her and she won't even realize", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00014-00009054-00009754": "you're there until you say something or make a noise so it kind of gives us this silly", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00015-00009981-00010675": "extra closeness with Ping and so she's developed herself as a favorite cow here I think. She", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00016-00010675-00011295": "does awesome, she gets up to the parlor, she milks, she's great. But during this research", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00017-00011295-00011867": "study we also weigh cows, so she has to leave her pen and go the opposite direction which", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00018-00011867-00012485": "can get a little overwhelming for her. Usually we stick her with another cow and there's", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00019-00012485-00013185": "three or four of us weighing cows so you're able to keep her moving but she just goes", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00020-00013200-00013712": "with the flow and sticks her neck out to kind of know where she's supposed to be going and", "3f3t1SAIR3I-00021-00013712-00013933": "she's just a special cow."}}, {"audio_id": "3fgUaqX7tIY", "text": {"3fgUaqX7tIY-00000-00000569-00000967": "Go here for more help on losing that stubborn belly fat: https://bit.ly/3D330nh"}}, {"audio_id": "3fr5qypd4zu", "text": {"3fr5qypd4zu-00000-00000137-00000503": "Hi, folks, in both academic and competitive public", "3fr5qypd4zu-00001-00000503-00000866": "speaking, a very common tool used by speakers is", "3fr5qypd4zu-00002-00000866-00001160": "something known as a speaker's triangle during the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00003-00001160-00001403": "course of a speech as a speaker moves through", "3fr5qypd4zu-00004-00001403-00001760": "their main points. The idea is to use movement to", "3fr5qypd4zu-00005-00001760-00002060": "signal to the audience the movement of ideas and", "3fr5qypd4zu-00006-00002060-00002291": "the speech and the short tutorial. I'm going to", "3fr5qypd4zu-00007-00002291-00002498": "show you how you can incorporate a speaker's", "3fr5qypd4zu-00008-00002498-00002815": "triangle into your own speeches. Let's get to it.", "3fr5qypd4zu-00009-00002867-00003062": "The first important thing to understand is there", "3fr5qypd4zu-00010-00003062-00003233": "are actually two different types of speakers.", "3fr5qypd4zu-00011-00003233-00003497": "Triangle, the four point setup in the three point", "3fr5qypd4zu-00012-00003497-00003719": "setup and this tutorial, I will actually show you", "3fr5qypd4zu-00013-00003719-00003992": "how to use both types, but we'll go ahead and", "3fr5qypd4zu-00014-00003992-00004328": "start with a 4.0. In your typical speech, you have", "3fr5qypd4zu-00015-00004328-00004595": "an introduction, three main points and a", "3fr5qypd4zu-00016-00004595-00004847": "conclusion. The goal of a speaker's triangle is to", "3fr5qypd4zu-00017-00004847-00005204": "show movement between those five things in the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00018-00005204-00005528": "four point method. You do that by moving to four", "3fr5qypd4zu-00019-00005528-00005795": "different points on the stage over the course of", "3fr5qypd4zu-00020-00005795-00006008": "the speech. Let's take a look at how that might", "3fr5qypd4zu-00021-00006008-00006203": "look at the beginning of the speech. The speaker", "3fr5qypd4zu-00022-00006203-00006445": "should orient themselves in the center of the room", "3fr5qypd4zu-00023-00006445-00006686": "facing the audience. This is where they'll go", "3fr5qypd4zu-00024-00006686-00006908": "ahead and deliver the introduction of the speech", "3fr5qypd4zu-00025-00006908-00007166": "as the speaker finishes the introduction and they", "3fr5qypd4zu-00026-00007166-00007436": "use the transition statement to tell the audience", "3fr5qypd4zu-00027-00007436-00007670": "that they're moving from the introduction to the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00028-00007670-00007948": "first main point. The speaker should physically", "3fr5qypd4zu-00029-00007948-00008303": "move from the center of the room to the far side", "3fr5qypd4zu-00030-00008303-00008552": "of the room and plant themselves to deliver the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00031-00008552-00008786": "first main point of the speech. When they are done", "3fr5qypd4zu-00032-00008786-00008972": "delivering the first main point of the speech,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00033-00008972-00009200": "they should again use a transition statement to", "3fr5qypd4zu-00034-00009200-00009392": "signal that they're moving from the first main", "3fr5qypd4zu-00035-00009392-00009638": "point to the second main point, while again,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00036-00009638-00009893": "physically moving from the far side of the room to", "3fr5qypd4zu-00037-00009893-00010163": "the center of the room. Once they reach the center", "3fr5qypd4zu-00038-00010163-00010367": "of the room, they should then deliver the second", "3fr5qypd4zu-00039-00010367-00010601": "main point of the speech. When they're done with", "3fr5qypd4zu-00040-00010601-00010772": "the second main point, they'll again use a", "3fr5qypd4zu-00041-00010772-00011012": "transition statement signal that they're moving", "3fr5qypd4zu-00042-00011012-00011255": "from the second main point to the third main point,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00043-00011265-00011504": "like for this should be coupled with a physical", "3fr5qypd4zu-00044-00011504-00011736": "movement from the center of the room to the other", "3fr5qypd4zu-00045-00011736-00011984": "far side of the room. Once the speaker is done", "3fr5qypd4zu-00046-00011993-00012233": "presenting the third main point of their speech,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00047-00012254-00012521": "they're then ready to move into the conclusion. At", "3fr5qypd4zu-00048-00012521-00012725": "that point, they should use a brake light", "3fr5qypd4zu-00049-00012725-00012986": "statement to transition from the third main point", "3fr5qypd4zu-00050-00012986-00013277": "to the conclusion of the speech, while again,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00051-00013297-00013574": "physically moving back to where they started in", "3fr5qypd4zu-00052-00013574-00013805": "the front of the room. As the conclusion comes to", "3fr5qypd4zu-00053-00013805-00014081": "a close, many speakers will also take one", "3fr5qypd4zu-00054-00014081-00014396": "additional step forward to add emphasis to their", "3fr5qypd4zu-00055-00014396-00014585": "final answer. Now that we've explored the theory,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00056-00014585-00014762": "let's take a look at what it might look like in", "3fr5qypd4zu-00057-00014762-00014972": "action. In this 3D rendering, you'll notice that", "3fr5qypd4zu-00058-00014972-00015169": "the model starts in the center of the room for the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00059-00015169-00015482": "introduction, then moves to the far side of the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00060-00015482-00015608": "room for main point one.", "3fr5qypd4zu-00061-00015828-00016013": "To the middle four main point to.", "3fr5qypd4zu-00062-00016232-00016452": "And then over to the other side of the room for", "3fr5qypd4zu-00063-00016452-00016542": "Main Point three.", "3fr5qypd4zu-00064-00016752-00017004": "And then moves back to the center to deliver the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00065-00017004-00017409": "conclusion before finally taking a step forward to", "3fr5qypd4zu-00066-00017409-00017667": "add emphasis to the final laser, now that we've", "3fr5qypd4zu-00067-00017667-00017868": "got the basics of the speaker's triangle down,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00068-00017889-00018117": "let's take a look at the other option. The three", "3fr5qypd4zu-00069-00018117-00018405": "point setup, the three point setup is the same", "3fr5qypd4zu-00070-00018405-00018696": "basic idea as the four point setup. But in this", "3fr5qypd4zu-00071-00018696-00018990": "model, instead of moving to four separate points,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00072-00019008-00019281": "you bounce back and forth between the sides of the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00073-00019281-00019509": "room. This is particularly useful if you find", "3fr5qypd4zu-00074-00019509-00019803": "yourself presenting in a small space like before,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00075-00019803-00020025": "we can expect our speaker to begin in the center", "3fr5qypd4zu-00076-00020025-00020295": "of the room to deliver the introduction and then", "3fr5qypd4zu-00077-00020307-00020622": "move to the far side from main point one, one main", "3fr5qypd4zu-00078-00020622-00020907": "point, one is done. They'll move to the other side", "3fr5qypd4zu-00079-00020907-00021219": "of the room and deliver a main point to as main", "3fr5qypd4zu-00080-00021219-00021447": "point two draws to a close, they'll bounce back", "3fr5qypd4zu-00081-00021447-00021717": "over to the far side for main point three. And", "3fr5qypd4zu-00082-00021717-00021906": "then when they wrap up main point three, they'll", "3fr5qypd4zu-00083-00021906-00022202": "move back to the center for that conclusion spot.", "3fr5qypd4zu-00084-00022206-00022413": "And again, if they like, they can take a step", "3fr5qypd4zu-00085-00022413-00022713": "forward at the end. The final laser. Great. Now,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00086-00022713-00022866": "this time, let's go ahead and see what this might", "3fr5qypd4zu-00087-00022866-00023136": "look like in action. Our speaker begins for the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00088-00023136-00023379": "introduction in the center of the room. And as", "3fr5qypd4zu-00089-00023379-00023538": "they finish the introduction, they start a", "3fr5qypd4zu-00090-00023538-00023754": "transition statement and move to the far side of", "3fr5qypd4zu-00091-00023754-00023973": "the room to deliver main point. One", "3fr5qypd4zu-00092-00024246-00024477": "main point, one draws to a close. They again use a", "3fr5qypd4zu-00093-00024477-00024684": "transition statement to signal that they're moving", "3fr5qypd4zu-00094-00024684-00024978": "on to main point to as they physically walk to the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00095-00024978-00025342": "other side of the room. Once they're done", "3fr5qypd4zu-00096-00025345-00025608": "delivering main point to, they will once again", "3fr5qypd4zu-00097-00025608-00025833": "give a transition statement signaling that they", "3fr5qypd4zu-00098-00025833-00026125": "are moving to Main Point three while doing this,", "3fr5qypd4zu-00099-00026125-00026383": "they'll once again walk back to the other far side", "3fr5qypd4zu-00100-00026383-00026436": "of the room.", "3fr5qypd4zu-00101-00026716-00027027": "Once they finish with Main Point three, this time", "3fr5qypd4zu-00102-00027027-00027250": "they will use a brake light transition statement", "3fr5qypd4zu-00103-00027250-00027379": "to let us know that they're headed to the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00104-00027379-00027691": "conclusion as they do that they will return to the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00105-00027691-00027906": "center of the room where they began their speech", "3fr5qypd4zu-00106-00027970-00028300": "there. They will finalize the conclusion in the", "3fr5qypd4zu-00107-00028300-00028582": "presentation. Well, folks, that's really all there", "3fr5qypd4zu-00108-00028582-00028798": "is to it. As always, I hope this material is", "3fr5qypd4zu-00109-00028798-00029002": "helpful to you. And good luck with your speech.", "3fr5qypd4zu-00110-00029052-00029119": "Thanks for watching."}}, {"audio_id": "3fwRnENL8oy", "text": {"3fwRnENL8oy-00000-00000300-00000500": "check out tackle hacks"}}, {"audio_id": "3fzEp0WBv5E", "text": {"3fzEp0WBv5E-00000-00000000-00000702": "First of all there's also the song version of this,", "3fzEp0WBv5E-00001-00000802-00001501": "called by me The it's a Friday Once Again Dream Song", "3fzEp0WBv5E-00002-00001602-00002602": "I insert the link in the in the top right cards and in the final screen and in the  description, underneath everything after the", "3fzEp0WBv5E-00003-00002702-00003702": "interesting story about the evolution of the Friday tone in which I somehow have to do with it too.", "3fzEp0WBv5E-00004-00003803-00004201": "Then if you like the video I invite", "3fzEp0WBv5E-00005-00004301-00004803": "you to leave a like and to subscribe to the channel.", "3fzEp0WBv5E-00006-00004900-00005402": "Then read the entire description if you have time. It's very important.", "3fzEp0WBv5E-00007-00005502-00006502": "Beautiful blue skies and golden sunshine all along away. Everyone have a great day!"}}, {"audio_id": "3fPSKgZJ7WI", "text": {"3fPSKgZJ7WI-00000-00000052-00000284": "Whos that Pokemon!?"}}, {"audio_id": "3faJ9D8ih60", "text": {"3faJ9D8ih60-00000-00000000-00000206": "(cheerful guitar music)", "3faJ9D8ih60-00001-00000206-00000375": "- It is my pleasure to welcome you all", "3faJ9D8ih60-00002-00000375-00000750": "to our fall campus assembly.", "3faJ9D8ih60-00003-00000750-00000999": "It is certainly a special day for many, many reasons,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00004-00000999-00001322": "but not only are we recognizing and celebrating", "3faJ9D8ih60-00005-00001322-00001512": "the achievements of our award recipients,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00006-00001512-00001696": "it's just great to be back together.", "3faJ9D8ih60-00007-00001696-00002009": "And I want to thank each of you for joining us", "3faJ9D8ih60-00008-00002009-00002249": "this afternoon on what I think is one", "3faJ9D8ih60-00009-00002249-00002472": "of the most important things that we do", "3faJ9D8ih60-00010-00002472-00002593": "at the University of Alabama.", "3faJ9D8ih60-00011-00002593-00002931": "And that is to recognize our people who make a difference", "3faJ9D8ih60-00012-00002931-00003317": "every day for our students or our colleagues.", "3faJ9D8ih60-00013-00003317-00003538": "And you all are that group.", "3faJ9D8ih60-00014-00003538-00003908": "So today's assembly is an opportunity to commend you,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00015-00003908-00004187": "our faculty and staff for all that you have done,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00016-00004187-00004399": "the dedications that you've provided again", "3faJ9D8ih60-00017-00004399-00004750": "to the university and to our students over the past year.", "3faJ9D8ih60-00018-00004750-00005049": "But as I sat and listened to all", "3faJ9D8ih60-00019-00005049-00005549": "of the accolades that were poured on you all,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00020-00005586-00006086": "I was awestruck by the impact that you have,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00021-00006110-00006296": "because behind each one of those students,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00022-00006296-00006463": "behind each one of those buildings,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00023-00006463-00006670": "behind each one of our alumni,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00024-00006670-00007098": "behind each one of the championships that we celebrate", "3faJ9D8ih60-00025-00007181-00007431": "is the faculty and the staff who have certainly", "3faJ9D8ih60-00026-00007431-00007720": "made all of that possible.", "3faJ9D8ih60-00027-00007720-00008128": "It's a great time to be at the University of Alabama,", "3faJ9D8ih60-00028-00008128-00008348": "because of great people like you", "3faJ9D8ih60-00029-00008348-00008507": "that are part of this institution.", "3faJ9D8ih60-00030-00008507-00008796": "Thank you guys. Have a great day and Roll Tide.", "3faJ9D8ih60-00031-00008796-00009104": "(attendees clapping)"}}, {"audio_id": "3ghnXVyefb0", "text": {"3ghnXVyefb0-00000-00000003-00000617": "Hey, everyone let's marry over here images on the page and today I'm coming with you", "3ghnXVyefb0-00001-00001238-00001736": "everyone this is Mary over here images on the page and today I'm coming to you", "3ghnXVyefb0-00002-00001736-00002901": "with my July wrap-up so I had a pretty ambitious TBR in July and I didn't just", "3ghnXVyefb0-00003-00002901-00003872": "read eight books I read thirteen books I I honestly have no idea how that", "3ghnXVyefb0-00004-00003872-00004191": "happened I've been averaging like two books a", "3ghnXVyefb0-00005-00004191-00005137": "month and I I don't know I don't know so I'm just gonna give you some quick", "3ghnXVyefb0-00006-00005137-00006051": "statistics I read over a total of over 4,000 pages I said I read thirteen bucks", "3ghnXVyefb0-00007-00006051-00006627": "for of the thirteen were rereads for me for the thirteen or audiobooks for of", "3ghnXVyefb0-00008-00006627-00007233": "the thirteen or physical copies and four of the thirteen were ebooks now that's", "3ghnXVyefb0-00009-00007233-00007620": "not to say that some of them couldn't have cross crossed", "3ghnXVyefb0-00010-00007620-00008118": "well mostly the rereads like I could have reread a book and it mean physical", "3ghnXVyefb0-00011-00008118-00008640": "copy or on audiobook because always if I add all those four up there sixteen and", "3ghnXVyefb0-00012-00008640-00009197": "I didn't read sixteen I did have a TBR of eight and I only read four of the", "3ghnXVyefb0-00013-00009197-00010131": "eight yet somehow still managed to read 30 books so yeah my TBR I'm awesome at", "3ghnXVyefb0-00014-00010131-00010686": "TBR's apparently no I'll go first over the rereads because I know at least", "3ghnXVyefb0-00015-00010686-00011253": "two of them I probably talked on my channel before two of the books I reread", "3ghnXVyefb0-00016-00011253-00011939": "this month were squire and lady Knight from the protector of the small series", "3ghnXVyefb0-00017-00011939-00012489": "by tomorrow Pierre so the third and fourth respectively now and I tell is", "3ghnXVyefb0-00018-00012489-00012972": "probably my favorite of her or the protector of smalls probably my favorite", "3ghnXVyefb0-00019-00012972-00013322": "of her series just because I connect with", "3ghnXVyefb0-00020-00013322-00014009": "çal pretty well and what's really funny about the series as I reread it is I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00021-00014009-00014450": "have this thing where I usually when I go to reread the series I don't read in", "3ghnXVyefb0-00022-00014450-00014947": "order I pick up the third book first Squire the third book is my absolute", "3ghnXVyefb0-00023-00014947-00015266": "favorite and then because obviously the story is", "3ghnXVyefb0-00024-00015266-00015569": "continued in the fourth book I feel the need to keep reading it even though I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00025-00015569-00016046": "know how it ends um and then I usually go back and read the first in the second", "3ghnXVyefb0-00026-00016046-00016919": "I know it's really weird it's one of my bad reader habits actually I just really", "3ghnXVyefb0-00027-00016919-00017393": "don't care because the third is my favorite um I didn't go back and reread", "3ghnXVyefb0-00028-00017393-00017995": "the first in I didn't go back and reread the first in the second this time though", "3ghnXVyefb0-00029-00017995-00018461": "at least not yet but yeah I calls my favorite she is trying for her", "3ghnXVyefb0-00030-00018461-00019016": "knighthood it happens um her series happens after the Elana series and it", "3ghnXVyefb0-00031-00019016-00019556": "was they been decreed that girls can actually try for the knighthoods Soquel", "3ghnXVyefb0-00032-00019556-00020075": "is the first one to do it and it's all about the struggle she goes through got", "3ghnXVyefb0-00033-00020075-00020669": "getting into a male-dominated field all the harassment she has to go through the", "3ghnXVyefb0-00034-00020669-00021347": "bullying and how she deals with that and it's just really interesting especially", "3ghnXVyefb0-00035-00021347-00021719": "when the character she meets and I just absolutely love it", "3ghnXVyefb0-00036-00021719-00022370": "one of the other books that I read this month was the Good Thief by James", "3ghnXVyefb0-00037-00022370-00023060": "Buchanan this one is actually I believe own voices at least for the gay rap um", "3ghnXVyefb0-00038-00023060-00023662": "so I don't know for sure if he is own voices for the Latina crap but um he is", "3ghnXVyefb0-00039-00023662-00024529": "own voices for the gay rep and it is probably one of my favorite queer", "3ghnXVyefb0-00040-00024529-00025616": "mysteries because um it focuses on the Steve Caesar who breaks into houses for", "3ghnXVyefb0-00041-00025616-00026202": "a living and he breaks into this person's house and he finds these really", "3ghnXVyefb0-00042-00026202-00026933": "horrendous horrifying pictures and he since he's not like an evil", "3ghnXVyefb0-00043-00026933-00027570": "person he decides to turn basically turn himself in so that he can turn in these", "3ghnXVyefb0-00044-00027570-00028251": "pictures well he goes to the only cop he knows who is Nathan who he had a", "3ghnXVyefb0-00045-00028251-00028577": "one-night stand with before he was knowing a cop so they had a one-night", "3ghnXVyefb0-00046-00028577-00028947": "stand Cesar booked it after finding out he's a", "3ghnXVyefb0-00047-00028947-00029376": "cop and then they kind of works in his neighborhood so they keep bumping into", "3ghnXVyefb0-00048-00029376-00029994": "each other so Cesar goes to Nate for help and it's just about them especially", "3ghnXVyefb0-00049-00029994-00030435": "if she's are being thrust into this world of like kind of police politics", "3ghnXVyefb0-00050-00030435-00030873": "and stuff because if I know that the house he broke into was like the police", "3ghnXVyefb0-00051-00030873-00031581": "commissioner's or the one of the higher up police captain's houses and so people", "3ghnXVyefb0-00052-00031581-00031992": "think that he planted the evidence and stuff so it's about Nathan happening to", "3ghnXVyefb0-00053-00031992-00032556": "protect Cesar while they get this evidence in a trial and I'm for sexiness", "3ghnXVyefb0-00054-00032556-00033183": "ensues and some awesome thief stealth and it's just it's really good and", "3ghnXVyefb0-00055-00033183-00033786": "they're both very sarcastic and witty so I definitely love it the other book I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00056-00033786-00034374": "reread or relisting to this month um was also a mystery it's called deeper than", "3ghnXVyefb0-00057-00034374-00034908": "the dead by Tammy ho egg this is actually one of I don't know why I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00058-00034908-00035310": "haven't read any more of chubby ho eggs but this is probably I absolutely love", "3ghnXVyefb0-00059-00035310-00035796": "the series it takes place in this little town and I think it's Southern", "3ghnXVyefb0-00060-00035796-00036225": "California I don't know some predict California called Oak Knoll and it's set", "3ghnXVyefb0-00061-00036225-00036675": "in the eighties before they really got the technology for like DNA testing and", "3ghnXVyefb0-00062-00036675-00037323": "fingerprinting and all that and it's kind of the start of forensic psychology", "3ghnXVyefb0-00063-00037323-00037974": "where they do profiling and so there's all these murders happening in this", "3ghnXVyefb0-00064-00037974-00038805": "little town of course shaking up the entire town and one of the FBI's like", "3ghnXVyefb0-00065-00038805-00039279": "profilers goes down there at the request of one of the deputies but more as a", "3ghnXVyefb0-00066-00039279-00039813": "he's not technically on duty when he goes down he's just helping out well", "3ghnXVyefb0-00067-00039813-00040256": "what's really interesting is a is split between the perspective of", "3ghnXVyefb0-00068-00040256-00040868": "these four kids who found the first body and their teacher what is really", "3ghnXVyefb0-00069-00040868-00041809": "interesting to me is how Tammy was able to show how this event affects not only", "3ghnXVyefb0-00070-00041809-00042397": "these kids but their families and how this one event can also show the cracks", "3ghnXVyefb0-00071-00042397-00042965": "so everything was perfect up until of course this happened which I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00072-00042965-00043406": "mean it wasn't but that was the fake aid everyone put on until you see all the", "3ghnXVyefb0-00073-00043406-00044030": "cracks that are happening and how this event plus the kids homes lives affects", "3ghnXVyefb0-00074-00044030-00044465": "these kids differently and it's just it's a really interesting look into", "3ghnXVyefb0-00075-00044465-00044822": "psychology in and of itself but the mystery is really interesting and it's", "3ghnXVyefb0-00076-00044822-00045415": "really well worried and it's kind of got a slow ambling pace to it which I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00077-00045415-00045965": "actually really enjoy there's three in the series the bus the first one was", "3ghnXVyefb0-00078-00045965-00046211": "definitely the best but I do really dread the second one as well", "3ghnXVyefb0-00079-00046211-00046903": "and I would highly recommend them not to get to the books that I didn't reread", "3ghnXVyefb0-00080-00046903-00047755": "that I knew to me so the first book I read this month besides theory reads was", "3ghnXVyefb0-00081-00047865-00048290": "running with wolves by Gillian winters this is one of the books that was", "3ghnXVyefb0-00082-00048290-00049006": "actually in my TBR and it was described to me by Andrea and Oliver perpetual", "3ghnXVyefb0-00083-00049006-00049565": "pages as queer Sports anime basically I mean it's a book it's a novel so it's", "3ghnXVyefb0-00084-00049565-00049927": "not really the anime part but I mean it has the same feelings and that's all I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00085-00049927-00050543": "needed to know and it was everything I wanted to be and more because the main", "3ghnXVyefb0-00086-00050543-00051175": "character is only the main characters by and one of his best friends is gay and", "3ghnXVyefb0-00087-00051175-00051620": "so there's just like a lot of good rap the coach has and the coach is really", "3ghnXVyefb0-00088-00051620-00052163": "awesome besides being one of those stereotypical like TV coaches he has", "3ghnXVyefb0-00089-00052163-00052811": "this rule that your sexuality doesn't matter on the field like you could care", "3ghnXVyefb0-00090-00052811-00053499": "unless it's just very supportive and he wants it to be no bullying no", "3ghnXVyefb0-00091-00053499-00053864": "harassment no matter your sexuality or your skin", "3ghnXVyefb0-00092-00053864-00054525": "color um there's also a lot of different ethnicities or for that as well but it's", "3ghnXVyefb0-00093-00054525-00054972": "based around this character sebastian and it's a senior year and they're going", "3ghnXVyefb0-00094-00054972-00055419": "to the soccer camp and it's about him finding out that one of his childhood", "3ghnXVyefb0-00095-00055419-00056192": "friends Amir is also attending that camp which kind of shakes", "3ghnXVyefb0-00096-00056192-00056762": "Sebastian's whole world because Amir and him haven't been friends for many years", "3ghnXVyefb0-00097-00056762-00057354": "and so it's kind of about them reconnecting and him especially teaching", "3ghnXVyefb0-00098-00057354-00057879": "Amir how to play soccer and it's just it's really fun read it's really", "3ghnXVyefb0-00099-00057879-00058376": "enjoyable it does deal with some heavier issues one of the characters does have a", "3ghnXVyefb0-00100-00058376-00059112": "bit um quite a few body issues really unhealthy ones and so Julian deals with", "3ghnXVyefb0-00101-00059112-00059763": "that really well the author I found that really hard I myself I have body issues", "3ghnXVyefb0-00102-00059763-00060216": "being a plus-size person and so that really hit home to me so if that is", "3ghnXVyefb0-00103-00060216-00060782": "something you should G be warned it was very I wasn't prepared for how like", "3ghnXVyefb0-00104-00060782-00061382": "emotional it would make me but it was really entertaining I think I gave it", "3ghnXVyefb0-00105-00061382-00061986": "like three and a half stars it was just a light and fluffy in everything I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00106-00061986-00062535": "wanted so the next book I read was a continuation of open my street by Bill", "3ghnXVyefb0-00107-00062535-00063008": "coningsburgh that it was honestly Ben by Bill königsberg it's the second one in", "3ghnXVyefb0-00108-00063008-00063419": "the openly straight series I don't know if that's what it's called but instead", "3ghnXVyefb0-00109-00063419-00063833": "of following a rate like the first one did it follows honestly it", "3ghnXVyefb0-00110-00063833-00064307": "it follows Ben who became friends with Ray's in the first book it really just", "3ghnXVyefb0-00111-00064307-00064773": "follows kind of the aftermath of the first book but from Ben's perspective", "3ghnXVyefb0-00112-00064773-00065516": "and I found honestly been a bit more attainable I kick in a bit more", "3ghnXVyefb0-00113-00065516-00065916": "relatable as I a bit more relatable as a character", "3ghnXVyefb0-00114-00065916-00066255": "because reef really does come from privilege I mean he lives in Colorado", "3ghnXVyefb0-00115-00066255-00066702": "and he just up and decides to go to a private school in Massachusetts", "3ghnXVyefb0-00116-00066702-00067086": "Massachusetts halfway across the country and as parents it's an every issue that", "3ghnXVyefb0-00117-00067086-00067746": "they can afford it where Ben is at the school because of a scholarship and so", "3ghnXVyefb0-00118-00067746-00068262": "he has that pressure to always kind of be up and performing and doing well and", "3ghnXVyefb0-00119-00068262-00068688": "it continues the conversation that openly straight started about labels", "3ghnXVyefb0-00120-00068688-00069003": "what they do for people and against people both negatively and positively", "3ghnXVyefb0-00121-00069003-00069923": "and but I just thought that Ben struggles were a bit more relatable", "3ghnXVyefb0-00122-00069923-00070482": "relatable as someone who is also working fast and does have to kind of struggle", "3ghnXVyefb0-00123-00070482-00071019": "for things I mean I had to work all through college but I will be having a", "3ghnXVyefb0-00124-00071019-00071577": "review of both of them because I did a the dual did a dual review of them", "3ghnXVyefb0-00125-00071577-00071946": "together at the same time coming up soon hopefully when I have free time to", "3ghnXVyefb0-00126-00071946-00072654": "actually edit these videos so we'll see I probably gave that one I think I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00127-00072654-00073029": "actually rated that when it was like a 3.75 it was just slightly higher than", "3ghnXVyefb0-00128-00073029-00073628": "openly straight which was a three and a half and then I the next book I read was", "3ghnXVyefb0-00129-00073628-00074037": "for my book club it was the utterly uninteresting and", "3ghnXVyefb0-00130-00074037-00074556": "unadventurous tales of Fred the vampire now I don't", "3ghnXVyefb0-00131-00074556-00074973": "know about you but that title definitely caught my interest and it is as", "3ghnXVyefb0-00132-00074973-00075597": "entertaining as you would expect it to be um it's kind of mostly a collection", "3ghnXVyefb0-00133-00075597-00076023": "it feels like a collection of short stories based around Fred who is turned", "3ghnXVyefb0-00134-00076023-00076458": "into a vampire it's just about his at least the first book is about his kind", "3ghnXVyefb0-00135-00076458-00077103": "of introduction into the paranormal world but kind of how he deals with it", "3ghnXVyefb0-00136-00077103-00077592": "which is like for him it was like no big deal like he got turned he started his", "3ghnXVyefb0-00137-00077592-00077889": "own business and then he just did all his work at night", "3ghnXVyefb0-00138-00077889-00078217": "so it doesn't really change until someone from an old friend from high", "3ghnXVyefb0-00139-00078217-00078730": "school crystal goes back into his life and kind of starts introducing him to", "3ghnXVyefb0-00140-00078730-00079344": "all these different people and she is crystal as a part of what's called the", "3ghnXVyefb0-00141-00079344-00079902": "agency that's all it's called kind of like the paranormal government like big", "3ghnXVyefb0-00142-00079902-00080352": "bad she's a part of that she starts kind of getting him into a little bit of", "3ghnXVyefb0-00143-00080352-00080819": "trouble and stuff like that and it's just the characters in it are all", "3ghnXVyefb0-00144-00080819-00081468": "awesome and it's just as entertaining as you'd expect it to be I gave that one a", "3ghnXVyefb0-00145-00081468-00082017": "four out of five stars next I actually finished let's talk", "3ghnXVyefb0-00146-00082017-00082506": "about love which was on my June tdr but I didn't get around to finishing I did", "3ghnXVyefb0-00147-00082506-00083127": "finally finish it last month I really enjoyed it it wasn't as much as my", "3ghnXVyefb0-00148-00083127-00083493": "favorite is it it has been some queer booktubers but that's not just saying", "3ghnXVyefb0-00149-00083493-00084199": "it's a bad book by any means it follows it is told from the perspective of Alice", "3ghnXVyefb0-00150-00084199-00084685": "who is an asexual bike romantic so that was definitely really interests me as I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00151-00084685-00085374": "identify as asexual as well my biggest issue with the book was not anything", "3ghnXVyefb0-00152-00085374-00085687": "like what they're writing or anything or even the character it was just like if", "3ghnXVyefb0-00153-00085687-00086394": "Alice as Alice as a person me and her would not get along so it's really hard", "3ghnXVyefb0-00154-00086394-00086848": "for me to read the book and get really into it because mean Alice have very", "3ghnXVyefb0-00155-00086848-00087541": "different personalities and that was the biggest issue I definitely really like", "3ghnXVyefb0-00156-00087541-00088131": "the asexual representation it felt very true to me do be warned if you are", "3ghnXVyefb0-00157-00088131-00088585": "asexual or if you have trouble with just any kind of phobic language there is a", "3ghnXVyefb0-00158-00088585-00089041": "little bit in the beginning when Allison's girlfriend is breaking up with", "3ghnXVyefb0-00159-00089041-00089681": "her and else does mention it a little bit as time goes on her friend Feeny", "3ghnXVyefb0-00160-00089681-00090401": "there are moments where it seems like she might be trying to fix Alice and", "3ghnXVyefb0-00161-00090401-00090879": "well then that for the most part it is really good it's pretty entertaining", "3ghnXVyefb0-00162-00090879-00091276": "Alice's a character is and all the characters are pre", "3ghnXVyefb0-00163-00091276-00091762": "allegedly don't feel like stereotypes maybe besides Feeny cuz she it's kind of", "3ghnXVyefb0-00164-00091762-00092221": "characterized as a bitch and that's all you kind of know her ass I think Feeny", "3ghnXVyefb0-00165-00092221-00092587": "might have been one of my also hardest reasons that I didn't like the book as", "3ghnXVyefb0-00166-00092587-00093184": "much as everyone else I just felt like a lot of times when Feeny was very", "3ghnXVyefb0-00167-00093184-00093658": "interested in Alice's romantic life that she was trying to fix her cuz she would", "3ghnXVyefb0-00168-00093658-00094168": "say things like well maybe with this one you'll want to and stuff like that and", "3ghnXVyefb0-00169-00094168-00094681": "so it just kind of rubbed me the wrong way I gave that one three out of five", "3ghnXVyefb0-00170-00094681-00095521": "stars the next one I read was all kinds of tied down by Mary calms this is also", "3ghnXVyefb0-00171-00095521-00095995": "a queer mystery even if mystery is quite worried there", "3ghnXVyefb0-00172-00095995-00096682": "isn't really a big overarching mystery in the book so much um but it follows", "3ghnXVyefb0-00173-00096682-00097411": "these two federal marshals who are partners and one of the marshals is kind", "3ghnXVyefb0-00174-00097411-00097807": "of like what your stereotypical scene TVs where it's like he's the reckless", "3ghnXVyefb0-00175-00097807-00098209": "doesn't really call the rules always barging in and his partner is the more", "3ghnXVyefb0-00176-00098209-00098572": "study of the two level-headed I'm always home to wait for backup", "3ghnXVyefb0-00177-00098572-00099004": "that's everything well this um level had a partner has started to feel like he", "3ghnXVyefb0-00178-00099004-00099688": "has feelings for the more reckless partner and it's just about them kind of", "3ghnXVyefb0-00179-00099688-00100024": "falling for each other world dealing with this case while they're trying to", "3ghnXVyefb0-00180-00100024-00100564": "protect one of their federal witnesses it is really enjoyable I did really", "3ghnXVyefb0-00181-00100564-00101053": "enjoy it um although now that I'm recounting it it's a bit more", "3ghnXVyefb0-00182-00101053-00101512": "forgettable than I thought it would be so I I don't know what I originally gave", "3ghnXVyefb0-00183-00101512-00102133": "it but I'll probably give it a three it was really entertaining but it was just", "3ghnXVyefb0-00184-00102133-00102847": "a good feel good fun action ebook the next book I read was murder at the", "3ghnXVyefb0-00185-00102847-00103386": "Paisley parrot by Mark McNeese this one was pretty fun it was told in a really", "3ghnXVyefb0-00186-00103386-00103869": "kind of interesting style it was told so I don't know if we ever learned", "3ghnXVyefb0-00187-00103869-00104361": "oh no we probably do the main character's name but it's told from him", "3ghnXVyefb0-00188-00104361-00104827": "recounting his past so in the beginning he's 58 we found that he has survived", "3ghnXVyefb0-00189-00104827-00105373": "lung cancer by two years um when he was just giving us 6 months diagnosis and so", "3ghnXVyefb0-00190-00105373-00105810": "he's decided to talk about kind of his youth a bit and the murders he was", "3ghnXVyefb0-00191-00105810-00106228": "involved in although involved is the wrong word he", "3ghnXVyefb0-00192-00106228-00106633": "was just there as they were happening and it's and he works at the Paisley", "3ghnXVyefb0-00193-00106633-00107242": "parrot which is a gay bar I kind of enjoyed this it was it felt like kind of", "3ghnXVyefb0-00194-00107242-00107752": "slightly disconnected like the murders and the rest of the book didn't really", "3ghnXVyefb0-00195-00107752-00108589": "impact each other too much and so that wasn't the greatest and I it was kind of", "3ghnXVyefb0-00196-00108589-00109134": "told than that like well obviously it's being told to us by someone um so we're", "3ghnXVyefb0-00197-00109134-00109552": "like some people foreshadow would be like well doubt he would he would do", "3ghnXVyefb0-00198-00109552-00109836": "that as well but he would also instead of like foreshadowing so it would make", "3ghnXVyefb0-00199-00109836-00110374": "you curious like if it was like what was the calm before the storm or whatever", "3ghnXVyefb0-00200-00110374-00110914": "like alluding to that it's gonna get worse he would kind of answer the", "3ghnXVyefb0-00201-00110914-00111499": "questions you were wondering about like if they were looking at a suspect or", "3ghnXVyefb0-00202-00111499-00111847": "whatever it would kind of be like but it didn't work out and so like instead of", "3ghnXVyefb0-00203-00111847-00112255": "continuously leaning on it just kind of falling flat like every time he would", "3ghnXVyefb0-00204-00112255-00112882": "foreshadow so I'm gonna give that one um like a 2 out of 5", "3ghnXVyefb0-00205-00112882-00113725": "I enjoyed it fine but it wasn't all that memorable it was just very slow and not", "3ghnXVyefb0-00206-00113725-00114040": "in a good way like it didn't really build the tension at all it was just", "3ghnXVyefb0-00207-00114040-00114508": "slow and that foreshadowing didn't really work for me the next book I read", "3ghnXVyefb0-00208-00114508-00115129": "was also for my book club which was actually for that's coming up it's", "3ghnXVyefb0-00209-00115129-00115813": "called fun home a tragic comic it's a graphic novel by Alison Bechdel about", "3ghnXVyefb0-00210-00115813-00116257": "kind of her relationship with her father well um and where I live they were one", "3ghnXVyefb0-00211-00116257-00116779": "of our colleges was actually putting on the musical of it so we as a book club", "3ghnXVyefb0-00212-00116779-00117261": "kind of finished it early so that we could go see the musical which is I mean", "3ghnXVyefb0-00213-00117261-00117670": "if you ever if it's ever in your town or whatever I would highly recommend I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00214-00117670-00117898": "definitely enjoyed the musical more than I did", "3ghnXVyefb0-00215-00117898-00118378": "book the book for me was just a little confusing because Alison kind of goes", "3ghnXVyefb0-00216-00118378-00118873": "between past present but not in a way that I can kind of really understand", "3ghnXVyefb0-00217-00118873-00119521": "where things take place if um it just was very hard for me to kind of wrap", "3ghnXVyefb0-00218-00119521-00120027": "where we were in the story it's it was also kind of a harder heavier read", "3ghnXVyefb0-00219-00120027-00120676": "because we find out pretty early on in the story that her father is gay um even", "3ghnXVyefb0-00220-00120676-00121380": "though she finds out it pretty late in life and he's a pretty volatile man he", "3ghnXVyefb0-00221-00121380-00121935": "is pretty quick to anger he has pretty extreme passions and so um it deals kind", "3ghnXVyefb0-00222-00121935-00122566": "of with some physical and verbal abuse that is that he deals on both his kids", "3ghnXVyefb0-00223-00122566-00123186": "and his wife and kind of like that and it but it's about um her finding out her", "3ghnXVyefb0-00224-00123186-00123775": "dad's gay and her coming to terms with her own sexuality as a lesbian it was", "3ghnXVyefb0-00225-00123775-00124282": "really good I did really enjoy it um probably gave it a 3 out of 5 but I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00226-00124282-00124807": "guess I didn't use it Cole's better in the last book I listened to I actually", "3ghnXVyefb0-00227-00124807-00125152": "didn't think I would finish in the month of July", "3ghnXVyefb0-00228-00125152-00125503": "but I did it's the second book in the Fred the vampire accountant series it's", "3ghnXVyefb0-00229-00125503-00126126": "called undeath than taxes and it's just a continuation of those stories um I", "3ghnXVyefb0-00230-00126126-00126567": "don't want to give too much away they are even more entertaining because we", "3ghnXVyefb0-00231-00126567-00126922": "where the characters are starting to grow a little and we're finding out more", "3ghnXVyefb0-00232-00126922-00127513": "about the different characters and their thrust into new adventures", "3ghnXVyefb0-00233-00127513-00128047": "fred is thrust into some on its own without Krystal so it's just they're", "3ghnXVyefb0-00234-00128047-00128524": "just really awesome reads there's that in kind of present-day I forgot to", "3ghnXVyefb0-00235-00128524-00129019": "mention earlier they are set in like today's time so if you're thinking maybe", "3ghnXVyefb0-00236-00129019-00129490": "giving fantasy or paranormal a shot I don't really read a lot of contemporary", "3ghnXVyefb0-00237-00129490-00130179": "fantasy but I would highly recommend this one and that was all of the 13", "3ghnXVyefb0-00238-00130179-00130872": "books I read this month I am still boggled by the fact then I did that but", "3ghnXVyefb0-00239-00130872-00131304": "until the next video Tata for now"}}, {"audio_id": "3gMOGPHREFE", "text": {"3gMOGPHREFE-00000-00023203-00024003": "Here I meant, that the pressure term does not have the density included and hence, it got divided by the density."}}, {"audio_id": "3h8waS4tpPu", "text": {"3h8waS4tpPu-00000-00000808-00001597": "lamiaceae e family which includes mint basil marjoram and rosemary however its most closely", "3h8waS4tpPu-00001-00001597-00002437": "related to oregano there are about 350 different varieties of time of which garden time and wild", "3h8waS4tpPu-00002-00002437-00002950": "thyme are the ones most often used for cooking time originates from the western Mediterranean", "3h8waS4tpPu-00003-00002950-00003711": "region and it was first found around Italy Spain Greece and southern France when it comes to hell", "3h8waS4tpPu-00004-00003711-00004228": "time got its name you've got your choice of three fabulous doors all with unique and interesting", "3h8waS4tpPu-00005-00004228-00004921": "processes behind door number one is the belief that it originates from the greek word lumen or", "3h8waS4tpPu-00006-00004921-00005512": "through most which means courage greek men would rub the herb on their chest romans would add it", "3h8waS4tpPu-00007-00005512-00006283": "to their bathwater to prepare for battle woohoo who's up for a time bubble bath party huh roman", "3h8waS4tpPu-00008-00006283-00006922": "soldiers would also burn time bundles to amp up their courage and bravery which brings us to door", "3h8waS4tpPu-00009-00006922-00007438": "number two which says that it could come from the Greek word diamond or thigh me Anna which", "3h8waS4tpPu-00010-00007438-00008044": "means to fumigate whoo or maybe we can use it to make some nice homemade jerky this is also", "3h8waS4tpPu-00011-00008044-00008608": "fitting because the Greeks and Romans use time to help refresh their homes with its odor which also", "3h8waS4tpPu-00012-00008608-00009373": "could chase away insects and finally door number 3 where we find the Greek word bio meaning perfume", "3h8waS4tpPu-00013-00009373-00010051": "again because of its sexy sexy smell now this is also very plausible because the Greek expression", "3h8waS4tpPu-00014-00010051-00010678": "to smell of time was a sincere compliment and highest praise of someone's gracefulness and", "3h8waS4tpPu-00015-00010678-00011977": "elegance the Romans also used it to give a nice aromatic flavor to cheese and liquor hmm so which", "3h8waS4tpPu-00016-00011977-00012969": "one will you choose courage fumigation or perfume but choose wisely for false definition will lead", "3h8waS4tpPu-00017-00012969-00014260": "to certain death guess what all this guessing could actually be moot because going back to", "3h8waS4tpPu-00018-00014260-00015157": "somewhere between 3500 and 2750 BC we find the ancient Sumerians who called time fam and used", "3h8waS4tpPu-00019-00015157-00015778": "it for an antiseptic so the name could very well originate from there there is also evidence that", "3h8waS4tpPu-00020-00015778-00016486": "the ancient Babylonians used time in their time as an antiseptic as well sorry I was really trying to", "3h8waS4tpPu-00021-00016486-00017449": "avoid doing any cheesy puns or time jokes and I just really blew it this time sorry no in that", "3h8waS4tpPu-00022-00017449-00018166": "period of existence the ancient Egyptians also use time in their ultra herbaceous embalming", "3h8waS4tpPu-00023-00018166-00019075": "fluid this fluid also contained other herbs like basil sage and rosemary do not drink it though it", "3h8waS4tpPu-00024-00019075-00019696": "is not as tasty as you think the next instance of time doesn't appear until we find it in the", "3h8waS4tpPu-00025-00019696-00020536": "Ebers papyrus which said that it could be used as a pain relief getting back to the time Wow era era", "3h8waS4tpPu-00026-00020536-00021241": "of The Grapes dramatist ebolas recommended that ladies wear a wreath of time saying for who would", "3h8waS4tpPu-00027-00021241-00022117": "forbear to kiss a girl who's wearing this Dionysus of Syracuse known for his wild wild parties strode", "3h8waS4tpPu-00028-00022117-00022684": "his palace with wild time before entertaining partly because this naughty boy knew that time", "3h8waS4tpPu-00029-00022684-00023395": "was considered an aphrodisiac about 300 BC Thea fastest noticed that an abundance of time blossoms", "3h8waS4tpPu-00030-00023395-00024112": "indicated a large harvest for beekeepers Roman poet Ovid also wrote about these same blossoms", "3h8waS4tpPu-00031-00024112-00024877": "near the purple hills of flowering hema tous is a sacred spring and earth soft with green grass", "3h8waS4tpPu-00032-00024877-00025456": "now this actually refers to the wild thyme that's found near her mouth Metis and the honey that's", "3h8waS4tpPu-00033-00025456-00026086": "made in that area but then and now is actually considered some of the best in the world moving", "3h8waS4tpPu-00034-00026086-00026713": "into the Middle Ages the notion of time being good for courage persistent and European lady's", "3h8waS4tpPu-00035-00026713-00027327": "embroidered scarves with a be hovering around a sprig of thyme to give to chivalrous Knights", "3h8waS4tpPu-00036-00027327-00028099": "heading off to battle the soldiers were then cram these charms into pockets purses vests gauntlets", "3h8waS4tpPu-00037-00028099-00028695": "jock straps candy containers or more often than not just attach them to their clothing as a", "3h8waS4tpPu-00038-00028695-00029437": "visible badge of honor time was also extensively used as protection against the Black Plague of", "3h8waS4tpPu-00039-00029437-00030208": "the 1340s begone foul play you shall not in fact me it was also during the Middle Ages that the", "3h8waS4tpPu-00040-00030208-00030889": "Romans introduced time to the rest of Europe and England and by the 16th century Girard mentions", "3h8waS4tpPu-00041-00030889-00031522": "time in the herbal as being naturalized throughout Europe while time didn't get much press outside", "3h8waS4tpPu-00042-00031522-00031999": "of the standard herbal guides for some reason it does get mentioned by several high-profile", "3h8waS4tpPu-00043-00031999-00032758": "authors like Francis Bacon Alexandre Dumas Thomas Hardy D H Lawrence and Shakespeare that takes us", "3h8waS4tpPu-00044-00032758-00033633": "up to 1719 when German chemist Caspar Newman makes the important discovery of this is the main active", "3h8waS4tpPu-00045-00033633-00034167": "ingredient in time which is responsible for many of its key health benefits French chemist", "3h8waS4tpPu-00046-00034167-00034824": "a or em loud mom whose first name is apparently lost to history as far as I can tell determined", "3h8waS4tpPu-00047-00034824-00035604": "thymos empirical formula in 1853 and this allowed Swedish chemist Oskar vite Mon to synthesize it", "3h8waS4tpPu-00048-00035604-00036183": "in 1882 in the book the herb garden lady Roslyn Northcote talks about how in the South of France", "3h8waS4tpPu-00049-00036183-00036927": "wild thyme was a symbol of extreme republicanism and Tufts of it were often sent with a summons", "3h8waS4tpPu-00050-00036927-00037614": "to attend secret Republican meetings herbalist mod Greve wrote a lot about time and how it was", "3h8waS4tpPu-00051-00037614-00038211": "used during World War one she talks about how is often used as an antiseptic and an anesthetic on", "3h8waS4tpPu-00052-00038211-00038973": "the battlefields finally in 1997 time receives the prestigious international orab association's", "3h8waS4tpPu-00053-00038973-00039552": "herb of the Year award and thus we reached the time where we have no more time to talk", "3h8waS4tpPu-00054-00039552-00040395": "about time perhaps next time we shall discuss other aspects of time but this time oh thanks", "3h8waS4tpPu-00055-00040395-00040953": "I needed that thanks so much for watching if you like this video go ahead and hit that like button", "3h8waS4tpPu-00056-00040953-00041559": "subscribe and please share it with your friends my question for today is what are your favorite", "3h8waS4tpPu-00057-00041559-00042069": "herbs are there any particulars that you'd like to see me cover like this one if so let me know", "3h8waS4tpPu-00058-00042069-00042459": "in the comment section if you're interested about finding out the history of other cool herbs like", "3h8waS4tpPu-00059-00042459-00042966": "basil and sage go ahead and click on the videos over here to the right until next time be kind to", "3h8waS4tpPu-00060-00042966-00043623": "each other I remember time is precious don't waste it that doesn't count as a pun does it"}}, {"audio_id": "3huXCitguMI", "text": {"3huXCitguMI-00000-00000000-00000200": "G Major 16+Recycle Major", "3huXCitguMI-00001-00000200-00000400": "It Is Recycling Day!"}}, {"audio_id": "3heEhxX7W1Y", "text": {"3heEhxX7W1Y-00000-00000622-00001150": "Huge Celeb Is ‘Not Afraid To Die’ In His Quest To Take Out Trump By All Means Necessary", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00001-00001150-00001505": "Actor turned activist Tom Arnold is ‘not afraid of dying’ in his quest to bring down", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00002-00001505-00002081": "President Donald Trump with his highly anticipated new TV series – The Hunt for the Trump Tapes.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00003-00002081-00002509": "The True Lies star, and former husband of controversial Trump supporting actress and", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00004-00002509-00002990": "comedienne Roseanne Barr, says former friend Trump will resign once he collates more evidence", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00005-00002990-00003213": "of his alleged wrong doing.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00006-00003213-00003711": "And Arnold, 59, tells DailyMailTV that he will not be put off by the menace of multi-million", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00007-00003711-00003914": "dollar lawsuits and death threats.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00008-00003914-00004449": "Equally, he’s not concerned that his Vice TV series could cause damage to his image,", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00009-00004449-00004837": "because, he says, ‘I have a terrible reputation.’", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00010-00004837-00005340": "The explosive upcoming show, which premieres on Tuesday, led to a fight after Arnold claims", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00011-00005340-00005754": "Apprentice producer Mark Burnett choked him at an Emmy party in Los Angeles on Sunday", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00012-00005754-00005867": "night.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00013-00005867-00006220": "Arnold had been chasing Burnett for months in attempt to get tapes that he believes show", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00014-00006220-00006614": "Trump making racial and derogatory comments while filming The Apprentice.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00015-00006614-00007056": "‘Mark Burnett just went apes** & choked me at this huge Emmy party then he ran away", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00016-00007056-00007318": "with his torn Pink shirt & missing gold chain.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00017-00007318-00007784": "I’m waiting for LAPD,’ wrote Arnold on Twitter after the fight.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00018-00007784-00008187": "Multiple people who witnessed the fight told DailyMail.com that the two men were shoving", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00019-00008187-00008558": "one another but it was unclear who was started the altercation.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00020-00008558-00008965": "Speaking to DailyMailTV in the days before the fight, Arnold said he wasn’t concerned", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00021-00008965-00009304": "for his safety ‘because the people who get scared – they’ve quit.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00022-00009304-00009465": "I’ll quit when it’s over.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00023-00009465-00009706": "No, I’m not scared about my welfare.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00024-00009706-00009914": "‘That’s what they do.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00025-00009914-00010442": "They threaten to sue you, kill you, or ruin your reputation, which I have a terrible reputation,", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00026-00010442-00010797": "no money, and I’m not afraid of dying, obviously.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00027-00010797-00011267": "‘So when Trump resigns, which will be soon, then I’ll take it easy.’", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00028-00011267-00011682": "Arnold’s show, which follows his quest to find tapes of Trump using the N-word will", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00029-00011682-00012107": "also include interviews with Russian prostitutes linked to the infamous dossier by English", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00030-00012107-00012483": "spy Christopher Steele alleging unusual sex acts.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00031-00012483-00012912": "Speaking at TV Legend Ed Asner’s 6th Annual Celebrity Poker Tournament raising funds for", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00032-00012912-00013337": "autism, in Los Angeles, Arnold added that Trump is ‘out of his freaking mind’ and", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00033-00013337-00013699": "that he can’t wait to show the world his findings on TV.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00034-00013699-00013912": "advertisement - story continues below", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00035-00013912-00014388": "‘They’re fixated because the most powerful man in the world is out of his freaking mind", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00036-00014388-00014769": "and it just so happens I have a show called The Hunt For The Trump Tapes and it just so", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00037-00014769-00015180": "happens that there are so many coincidences or things in my life that are in common with", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00038-00015180-00015401": "this guy,’ he explained.", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00039-00015401-00015747": "Arnold continued: ‘When I have a lot of things in common with the President of the", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00040-00015747-00016162": "United States, you know he shouldn’t be the President of the United States.’", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00041-00016162-00016595": "Arnold reckons he has corroboration of Trump using the N-word during his time on The Celebrity", "3heEhxX7W1Y-00042-00016595-00017645": "Apprentice on NBC."}}, {"audio_id": "3heK6Klvz4U", "text": {"3heK6Klvz4U-00000-00000000-00000270": "Ask me any question what do you want to", "3heK6Klvz4U-00001-00000270-00000521": "know what are you struggling", "3heK6Klvz4U-00002-00000521-00000717": "first question", "3heK6Klvz4U-00003-00000717-00001250": "what is it for you doing that", "3heK6Klvz4U-00004-00001250-00001991": "what motivates me to do that I very", "3heK6Klvz4U-00005-00001991-00002180": "simple yesterday I was in an industry", "3heK6Klvz4U-00006-00002180-00002520": "part because all the main company", "3heK6Klvz4U-00007-00002520-00002904": "I work with that multinationals they are", "3heK6Klvz4U-00008-00002904-00003390": "based huge industry parks and you know", "3heK6Klvz4U-00009-00003390-00003726": "it next to Amsterdam's Schiphol like it", "3heK6Klvz4U-00010-00003726-00003957": "little town called wolf form", "3heK6Klvz4U-00011-00003957-00004307": "so is their company in tidy and a lot of", "3heK6Klvz4U-00012-00004307-00004432": "students what", "3heK6Klvz4U-00013-00004432-00004541": "sounds", "3heK6Klvz4U-00014-00004541-00004955": "so what do I have benefit one of the", "3heK6Klvz4U-00015-00004955-00005150": "things that i shared my 30-day challenge", "3heK6Klvz4U-00016-00005150-00005390": "to the recording last one is to have the", "3heK6Klvz4U-00017-00005390-00005570": "power insistence", "3heK6Klvz4U-00018-00005570-00005774": "the only thing that will trigger you as", "3heK6Klvz4U-00019-00005774-00006038": "an entrepreneur and give you success so", "3heK6Klvz4U-00020-00006038-00006302": "one thing that I do no matter what is", "3heK6Klvz4U-00021-00006302-00006554": "every thursday i show up here if i'm", "3heK6Klvz4U-00022-00006554-00006734": "showing up here anyway so might as well", "3heK6Klvz4U-00023-00006734-00006976": "probably so", "3heK6Klvz4U-00024-00006976-00007206": "and then meet you and more personal and", "3heK6Klvz4U-00025-00007206-00007393": "know what your problem is", "3heK6Klvz4U-00026-00007393-00007702": "plus the second thing which is I you", "3heK6Klvz4U-00027-00007702-00007956": "guys are the people i'm trying to help", "3heK6Klvz4U-00028-00007956-00008257": "in my second company even though we had", "3heK6Klvz4U-00029-00008257-00008367": "already a lot of you", "3heK6Klvz4U-00030-00008367-00008615": "help it's still good to learn and know", "3heK6Klvz4U-00031-00008615-00008814": "what you're struggling you're struggling", "3heK6Klvz4U-00032-00008814-00009153": "right now we've got to be something that", "3heK6Klvz4U-00033-00009153-00009396": "were struggling struggling with last", "3heK6Klvz4U-00034-00009396-00009686": "year and next year's something else to", "3heK6Klvz4U-00035-00009686-00009864": "have all the benefit and protection get", "3heK6Klvz4U-00036-00009864-00009954": "to know you", "3heK6Klvz4U-00037-00009954-00010118": "and see what you're struggling with", "3heK6Klvz4U-00038-00010118-00010364": "and to create a space where you can open", "3heK6Klvz4U-00039-00010364-00010829": "up and ask with what it is that you want", "3heK6Klvz4U-00040-00010829-00011033": "instead of making survey on facebook and", "3heK6Klvz4U-00041-00011033-00011183": "asked me what your problem is", "3heK6Klvz4U-00042-00011183-00011382": "so there's a lot of benefits", "3heK6Klvz4U-00043-00011382-00011802": "and then the biological part of it give", "3heK6Klvz4U-00044-00011802-00012094": "it", "3heK6Klvz4U-00045-00012094-00012458": "actually why six percent of energy", "3heK6Klvz4U-00046-00012458-00012813": "environment", "3heK6Klvz4U-00047-00012813-00013233": "right you get the energy back plus men", "3heK6Klvz4U-00048-00013233-00013527": "eating", "3heK6Klvz4U-00049-00013527-00013860": "alright violent people", "3heK6Klvz4U-00050-00013860-00014349": "yeah bless my mentor always shared if", "3heK6Klvz4U-00051-00014349-00014474": "you want something you have to", "3heK6Klvz4U-00052-00014474-00014882": "if you want more money", "3heK6Klvz4U-00053-00014882-00015135": "that's how it works and so", "3heK6Klvz4U-00054-00015135-00015351": "the things the one-liners that's on my", "3heK6Klvz4U-00055-00015351-00015822": "whiteboard back at home is give more", "3heK6Klvz4U-00056-00015822-00016091": "fine winding to my girlfriend oh I want", "3heK6Klvz4U-00057-00016091-00016219": "more money", "3heK6Klvz4U-00058-00016219-00016379": "more connections overworking bigger", "3heK6Klvz4U-00059-00016379-00016667": "companies then I shouldn't be whining", "3heK6Klvz4U-00060-00016667-00016980": "about I wanted it's more like what", "3heK6Klvz4U-00061-00016980-00017521": "and then give to get closer to that", "3heK6Klvz4U-00062-00017521-00017740": "so my mind is always like we're to thank", "3heK6Klvz4U-00063-00017740-00017860": "you and", "3heK6Klvz4U-00064-00017860-00018128": "if this is the part where I'm giving", "3heK6Klvz4U-00065-00018128-00018411": "they're asking I'm", "3heK6Klvz4U-00066-00018411-00018788": "our at the end of my day so this", "3heK6Klvz4U-00067-00018788-00019450": "yes"}}, {"audio_id": "3hT9hC7Czio", "text": {"3hT9hC7Czio-00000-00000000-00019700": "(ノ﹏ヽ)"}}, {"audio_id": "3i8GLTHsnMu", "text": {"3i8GLTHsnMu-00000-00000003-00000488": "because that must mean I don't like him because I don't want to be there that's", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00001-00000488-00001269": "like a cold for the interview Shane Dawson did with Nick Crompton the former", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00002-00001269-00002742": "business manager of team 10 it leaves us asking his team ten a cult what is up", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00003-00002742-00003134": "everybody this is Chris from the rewired saw where we talk about the problem but", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00004-00003134-00003477": "focus on the solution and if you're new to my channel my channel is all about", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00005-00003477-00003857": "helping you to improve your mental health and what I like to do is I like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00006-00003857-00004209": "to take things from the YouTube community or pop culture and try to use", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00007-00004209-00004553": "that to teach you how to improve your mental health and a big part of that is", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00008-00004553-00004898": "relationships with friends and other people and stuff so if you're into that", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00009-00004898-00005237": "make sure you subscribe and bring that notification belt because I make a ton", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00010-00005237-00005751": "of videos I have been recapping all of the Shane Dawson episodes and talking", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00011-00005751-00006123": "about different mental health subjects but before I get started with this video", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00012-00006123-00006512": "and talking about the cult aspects and friendship and things like that I do", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00013-00006512-00006923": "want to give a shout out to Danielle right here check this out she tagged", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00014-00006923-00007242": "melt Instagram me and her we're actually matching today we're both wearing the", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00015-00007242-00007638": "same rewired soul shirt I will provide a link to the shop or you can check the", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00016-00007638-00007895": "description but yeah my beautiful girlfriend", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00017-00007895-00008646": "Tristan she made a bunch of design so or a coffee mug there's also coffee mugs so", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00018-00008646-00009218": "anyways the enemies of Jake Paul Shane interviewed Nick Crompton and I want to", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00019-00009218-00009693": "focus on the part where Nick talks about how pretty much the weight that Tim 10", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00020-00009693-00010167": "operates they sever ties with anybody who leaves and Jake might take it", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00021-00010167-00011054": "personally and all of that now I just want to touch on this just need to be", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00022-00011054-00011361": "with all the reviews and my people are saying like Oh Shane like maybe you know", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00023-00011361-00011889": "episode two way too dramatic like listen listen that's Shane that's just what he", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00024-00011889-00012239": "is and like so I'm not gonna like harp on him like what did the pet peeves I", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00025-00012239-00012647": "have is like when people call things cults and I'll splat towards the end of", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00026-00012647-00012969": "the video but like that's just what Shane did like Shane's like oh that", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00027-00012969-00013276": "sounds like a cult who sounds like a cult like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00028-00013276-00013651": "us or you're against us when you leave you disassociate you don't talk to them", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00029-00013651-00014086": "like but you blocked me you wouldn't talk to me that is he that he did he cut", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00030-00014086-00014493": "communication from Tessa and all the other people their wound and that's like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00031-00014493-00015009": "a cold like it like the aspect of it sounds like the aspect of a cold but", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00032-00015009-00015432": "it's not a frickin cult but more importantly like the topic I want to", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00033-00015432-00015868": "bring up with you is like these these kind of severing ties relationships", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00034-00015868-00016179": "because I I can definitely relate to that and I'm somebody who has trust", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00035-00016179-00016665": "issues and I don't let people get in too close because I've been hurt like that", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00036-00016665-00017115": "so when it comes to Jake Paul and Tim ten it's hard to say without knowing", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00037-00017115-00017898": "them why why it is like why it is that they do that Jake in his case from what", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00038-00017898-00018442": "I've seen it seems like an ego problem it really does seem like an ego problem", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00039-00018442-00018990": "but I think most of us like me and you we deal with this in a different way and", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00040-00018990-00019587": "the best thing that can related to is like work right one of my personal", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00041-00019587-00020091": "experiences that I had was at a job I had before the treatment center the", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00042-00020091-00020451": "place I was working I worked there for a while it was the first job I had after", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00043-00020451-00020985": "getting sober and like man like I built like really strong relationships with", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00044-00020985-00021345": "the people that I worked there for about a year and a half almost two years and", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00045-00021345-00021831": "we built really strong relationships like we hung out talked about work you", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00046-00021831-00022912": "know they all of that and when I ended up leaving that company I was like I was", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00047-00022912-00023445": "shocked and hurt because so many people just would not talk to me like they", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00048-00023445-00024066": "wouldn't talk to me and it it hurts so so so much and I'm like okay well this", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00049-00024066-00024369": "is why I don't get close to people because I don't want to get hurt and", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00050-00024369-00024928": "like that's not healthy for us you know what I mean so what one of the things I", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00051-00024928-00025297": "want to say is you know especially looking at somebody like Nick Crompton", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00052-00025297-00025687": "if things like that if any of you deal with this in your life like with kind of", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00053-00025687-00026133": "like cliques or little groups or even if it's work like there's an old saying", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00054-00026133-00026632": "that when people show you who they are believe them that's really important so", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00055-00026632-00027049": "like I want you to evaluate the food friendships that you have like like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00056-00027049-00027427": "don't think for one minute if you have somebody in your circle who's treating", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00057-00027427-00027676": "somebody else poorly and maybe it's cutting off a friendship or never", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00058-00027676-00027988": "talking to them again like don't think that they won't do that to you in a", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00059-00027988-00028395": "heartbeat like I made a video not long ago about L mills and terminal you make", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00060-00028395-00028738": "this this is a great example like oh it wouldn't happen to me that would never", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00061-00028738-00029269": "happen to me a great example is a relationship let's say a relationship", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00062-00029269-00029652": "where you got with somebody and the way you started that relationship was them", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00063-00029652-00029952": "cheating on somebody else right and you're like oh well they would never do", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00064-00029952-00030322": "that to me and then later down the line they cheat on you like no they showed", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00065-00030322-00030952": "you who they were believe them all right I could do a million videos about trust", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00066-00030952-00031594": "issues what I would say is is this like my standard my standard of people who", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00067-00031594-00032045": "are close to me is pretty high it's pretty high I'm a very sociable", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00068-00032045-00032637": "charismatic outgoing guy but I have very few people who I keep close to me I", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00069-00032637-00033085": "would say the only time this would affect you negatively and your mental", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00070-00033085-00033610": "health is if it's becoming isolative if it's fueling your depression but the", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00071-00033610-00034147": "best suggestion I have for you like is to take baby steps with trust like let", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00072-00034147-00034516": "people in a little bit have them earn your trust let people in a little bit", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00073-00034516-00034762": "more have them earn your trust and things like that", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00074-00034762-00035290": "because if we keep this wall up constantly like isolation isolation is", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00075-00035290-00035725": "just the worst thing you can do for your depression you have to have people who", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00076-00035725-00036475": "you can turn off not turn on turn 2 and that can be through Facebook groups if", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00077-00036475-00036940": "you don't have people like in your area or like look on meetup calm whatever it", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00078-00036940-00037416": "is have a lot of friends who I've met through gaming we're close we're not", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00079-00037416-00037803": "like super close you know but I have conversations with them a lot but I", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00080-00037803-00038230": "think it's important to recognize like when this is happening to other people", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00081-00038230-00038713": "and that's that's a good time for you to evaluate like is this a good friendship", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00082-00038713-00038977": "or relationship that I want to be in right now", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00083-00038977-00039333": "right so the other thing that shame kind of", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00084-00039333-00039594": "brought up was like the rules the rules of the house", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00085-00039594-00040935": "but I in my years on YouTube have never seen a squad have a house have rules in", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00086-00040935-00042390": "the beginning but they they were in kind of like cultish no it's not you have a", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00087-00042390-00042879": "bunch of young people moving into a house you want rules so I did not go to", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00088-00042879-00043242": "treatment I did not go to a drug and alcohol rehab center when I got sober I", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00089-00043242-00043599": "went through a sober living home those who don't know what that is it's a house", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00090-00043599-00044070": "it can be owned by a company or by a person and it's where sober people live", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00091-00044070-00044610": "people trying to stay clean and sober and there were rules that's the way it", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00092-00044610-00044931": "was there were rules there were guidelines it was to keep order in it it", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00093-00044931-00045330": "was to make sure that people cleaned up after themselves and also I'm not really", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00094-00045330-00045798": "surprised about rules even though Nick kind of said you know that was just", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00095-00045798-00046347": "mainly for the beginning but yeah rules are there for a reason and I know a lot", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00096-00046347-00046677": "of us like hate rules but like if you're somebody like me especially people like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00097-00046677-00047163": "who are in recovery from addiction like especially early recovery like we're not", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00098-00047163-00048090": "very responsible people like responsible we need rules we need guidelines like I", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00099-00048090-00048912": "hate a daily chore I hate I hate having a curfew and all these other things like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00100-00048912-00049401": "left to my own devices in early recovery I would have been a hot mess I would", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00101-00049401-00050049": "have I would have done all sorts of crazy things with the wrong people and", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00102-00050049-00050718": "all sorts of stuff so here's my little thing about cult all right and this", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00103-00050718-00051270": "video is gonna take a turn but surprise we're gonna talk 12-step recovery so I", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00104-00051270-00051704": "have a whole playlist about like getting clean and addiction and 12-step programs", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00105-00051704-00052221": "but you know my relationship to 12-step programs has has changed over the years", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00106-00052221-00052638": "I'm not used to be for different reasons maybe I'll make some videos about that", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00107-00052638-00053145": "but what are my main gripes is when people say that 12-step programs are", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00108-00053145-00053599": "like a cult I'm not you are out of your minds like the reason why this is a pet", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00109-00053599-00054066": "peeve for me is because like there's a few things I'm fascinated with okay one", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00110-00054066-00054501": "of them is serial killers the other one is cults like there are", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00111-00054501-00054724": "some great documentaries like I don't know if any of you watch that", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00112-00054724-00055056": "documentary wild wild country on Netflix that's a cult", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00113-00055056-00055608": "all right there's also this great show on hulu called the path or did a view", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00114-00055608-00055932": "watch that one show with Kevin Bacon called the following and it was like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00115-00055932-00056304": "that was perfect for me because it was like serial killers combined with a cult", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00116-00056304-00056613": "very interesting stuff so what people say like 12-step programs are like a", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00117-00056613-00057057": "cult like they are out of their minds like like when Shane was talking about", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00118-00057057-00057250": "this and like oh you know it's kind of like a cult-like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00119-00057250-00057673": "cult side either sever ties with you or they try to like chase you down and get", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00120-00057673-00058060": "you to come back and stuff like that like if I miss 12-step meetings like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00121-00058060-00058743": "nobody comes looking for me like I will say this and this is for any of you out", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00122-00058743-00059252": "there who are in recovery or you know somebody in recovery I share this story", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00123-00059252-00059844": "okay like it's important to understand that every 12 set fellowship every", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00124-00059844-00060207": "12-step meeting is gonna be different and I like using my platform to share", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00125-00060207-00060591": "about this like I want to educate people about this a lot of people do not go to", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00126-00060591-00061070": "12-step programs because of misconceptions and all sorts of stuff so", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00127-00061070-00061488": "every fellowship is different and there was one fellowship I was going to which", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00128-00061488-00061954": "I loved I loved it it was every single Friday night I absolutely loved it no", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00129-00061954-00062289": "matter how my day was going in early recovery I knew I can go to that meeting", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00130-00062289-00062650": "on a Friday and somebody was gonna say some stuff in there that just really", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00131-00062650-00063138": "lifted me up and gave me motivation gave me inspiration you know like it was", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00132-00063138-00063567": "amazing I absolutely loved that group but I wasn't like too involved with it I", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00133-00063567-00063852": "just went to the meetings well as I started to meet people and know people", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00134-00063852-00064293": "like they were for back lack of better words and here's me being hypocritical", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00135-00064293-00064861": "they were running their specific fellowship like a cult right in certain", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00136-00064861-00065222": "aspects in certain aspects they were running a locket called", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00137-00065222-00065705": "just for example I remember them just saying people were no longer welcome at", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00138-00065705-00065975": "the meetings and I just completely disagree with that I'm like are you", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00139-00065975-00066395": "serious right now like are you seriously these are people who are fighting to", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00140-00066395-00066845": "stay alive and you're not welcoming them back to the meeting it was for stupid", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00141-00066845-00067340": "stupid stuff like one guy just did something that his", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00142-00067340-00067781": "sponsor told him not to do and this is why I educate people in early recovery", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00143-00067781-00068150": "about 12-step programs sponsors are there to give you suggestions only", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00144-00068150-00068636": "that's it you know like my sponsor for example back in the day you gave me a", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00145-00068636-00069008": "ton of suggestions some of them I took some of them I threw in the garbage you", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00146-00069008-00069383": "know but he didn't just like banned me from like a meeting you know what I mean", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00147-00069383-00069920": "but I told this story because okay so here's a great example yesterday I made", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00148-00069920-00070364": "a video about better help and this conspiracy that better help is a scam", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00149-00070364-00070835": "I'll always be honest with you guys I'll always be honest like I'll be honest", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00150-00070835-00071368": "that some 12-step meetings suck so you know what I did I was in a city with", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00151-00071368-00071825": "probably a hundred meetings a week so I just quit going to that meeting that's", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00152-00071825-00072302": "it like I was fighting to stay alive I wasn't gonna let this one meeting take", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00153-00072302-00072746": "this thing that I had away from me I was gonna let one meeting lead me back out", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00154-00072746-00073127": "so I don't have a son anymore so I don't have my life anymore so I lose my family", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00155-00073127-00073559": "again you know what I mean like in early recovery I get it too because I used to", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00156-00073559-00073895": "be the type of person where I was just waiting I was waiting for somebody to", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00157-00073895-00074507": "give me an excuse to just leave and never ever ever come back again so I", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00158-00074507-00074909": "just want to let you know so like I know a lot of you who are new to my channel", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00159-00074909-00075224": "you are not addicts or alcoholics in recovery you know I do kind of a broader", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00160-00075224-00075764": "kind of mental health discussion on my channel but like I think it's important", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00161-00075764-00076307": "to learn this stuff because addiction affects one out of every 12 people in", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00162-00076307-00076697": "the world right so if you know 12 people you know an addict or an alcoholic so", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00163-00076697-00076988": "now you have just a little bit of knowledge that you can keep in your", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00164-00076988-00077369": "pocket so the addict or alcoholic in your life when they're trying to say oh", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00165-00077369-00077807": "12-step meetings are like and all that nonsense you link them to this video or", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00166-00077807-00078155": "you haven't shoot me an email and I'll drop some knowledge on them alright", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00167-00078155-00078623": "but let's do this down in the comments below like going back to the whole like", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00168-00078623-00079097": "severing ties like have you been a part of any group or the or like an", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00169-00079097-00079558": "experience like mine with work where after you left people just severed ties", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00170-00079558-00080069": "with you how did you overcome that are you still trying to heal from it let's", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00171-00080069-00080360": "have the conversation down below in the comments alright but that's all I got", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00172-00080360-00080632": "for you with this video so if you liked this video please give it a thumbs up", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00173-00080632-00080924": "and if you're new I'm always making videos to help you out with your mental", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00174-00080924-00081289": "health so make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell and a huge", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00175-00081289-00081650": "thank you to everybody supporting the channel over on patreon and if you would", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00176-00081650-00082027": "like to get a shirt like me and Danielle you can click or tap on that little shop", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00177-00082027-00082520": "icon right there alright thanks so much for watching don't use the word call too", "3i8GLTHsnMu-00178-00082520-00082885": "much I'll see you next time"}}, {"audio_id": "3innaPD83Z4", "text": {"3innaPD83Z4-00000-00000066-00000606": "Hi, I'm Jiska and my biggest fear is Bluetooth! So this makes this a really great topic for", "3innaPD83Z4-00001-00000606-00001110": "Halloween. In this video, we are going to look into the Bluetooth stack that is in iOS,", "3innaPD83Z4-00002-00001110-00001734": "but the lower part, so how the Bluetooth Daemon is interacting with the kernel. Also we will", "3innaPD83Z4-00003-00001734-00002286": "look into all the tools that Apple has there, if you want to develop a Bluetooth app to debug it,", "3innaPD83Z4-00004-00002286-00002706": "to view all the packets. If you haven't seen the previous reversing short videos,", "3innaPD83Z4-00005-00002706-00003024": "I can recommend to you watching the one about the iOS kernel first.", "3innaPD83Z4-00006-00003114-00003426": "Apple made a special website for developers who struggle with Bluetooth,", "3innaPD83Z4-00007-00003426-00003960": "like the person integrating the next IoT toilet seat into a Bluetooth app.", "3innaPD83Z4-00008-00004014-00004650": "And for this they have a new feature since iOS 13, which is the PacketLogger, which you can enable", "3innaPD83Z4-00009-00004650-00005268": "with the debug profile for Bluetooth. So you can download the profile on the website and then", "3innaPD83Z4-00010-00005268-00005736": "airdrop it to your phone or download it directly. And you still need to activate it in the settings", "3innaPD83Z4-00011-00005736-00006390": "and afterwards you can get the PacketLogger from the \"Additional Tools for Xcode\", download them", "3innaPD83Z4-00012-00006390-00007092": "as well and use the PacketLogger from the Hardware folder. And with this you can now start a new iOS", "3innaPD83Z4-00013-00007092-00007770": "trace and would see all the packets that are sent from any application and also everything", "3innaPD83Z4-00014-00007770-00008244": "else that is received by the iPhone or sent by the iPhone. And you can analyze this in detail.", "3innaPD83Z4-00015-00008358-00008970": "Apple only made this tooling available for Mac OS, but on Linux you can compile libimobiledevice", "3innaPD83Z4-00016-00008970-00009510": "and then get the latest version, which has a Bluetooth packet logger included. And you can", "3innaPD83Z4-00017-00009510-00010020": "record traces either to files or directly send them to Wireshark to view them live,", "3innaPD83Z4-00018-00010020-00010548": "which is pretty much the same experience as you would get but on Linux. And you can there also", "3innaPD83Z4-00019-00010548-00011058": "define your own dissectors and reprogram everything for your proprietary protocol.", "3innaPD83Z4-00020-00011058-00011346": "A configuration profile contains multiple settings,", "3innaPD83Z4-00021-00011346-00011898": "which are then propagated to the subsystems of iOS. In the case of the Bluetooth daemon,", "3innaPD83Z4-00022-00011898-00012282": "most of the settings are applied on startup of the Bluetooth daemon. So", "3innaPD83Z4-00023-00012282-00012714": "you have to restart Bluetooth in order to get the Bluetooth debug profile running,", "3innaPD83Z4-00024-00012714-00013230": "and for other profiles it might even be the case that you have to restart iOS to apply them.", "3innaPD83Z4-00025-00013230-00013776": "Now let's take a look into the profile that we just installed. The first setting that", "3innaPD83Z4-00026-00013776-00014352": "you find is called Enable-Private-Data and it means that the syslog entries will now", "3innaPD83Z4-00027-00014352-00014760": "also contain sensitive information. For example your MAC address is no", "3innaPD83Z4-00028-00014760-00015258": "longer hidden with a <private> tag but you can actually see this in the logs.", "3innaPD83Z4-00029-00015258-00015840": "And below we can see even more settings such as Firmware StreamLogging or enabling Core Dumps.", "3innaPD83Z4-00030-00015840-00016344": "Another really interesting thing that is Apple-specific is that we can see LMP.", "3innaPD83Z4-00031-00016344-00017040": "So LMP is a link management protocol that is usually only on the lower parts of the stack,", "3innaPD83Z4-00032-00017040-00017598": "which means it's processed inside the firmware and replied inside the firmware. But you can forward", "3innaPD83Z4-00033-00017598-00018186": "this from the firmware to the host to view those layer 2 packets as well. This is a proprietary", "3innaPD83Z4-00034-00018186-00018654": "Broadcom feature but it's really really helpful depending on what you want to debug.", "3innaPD83Z4-00035-00018654-00019218": "The configuration strings that we see in the Bluetooth debug profile can also be", "3innaPD83Z4-00036-00019218-00019620": "found in the Bluetooth daemon. So you can also figure out if there are some", "3innaPD83Z4-00037-00019620-00020058": "flags that are not set in the profile but might be interesting to enable.", "3innaPD83Z4-00038-00020172-00020610": "Bluetooth and Wi-Fi packet logging are implemented inside the kernel driver. You", "3innaPD83Z4-00039-00020610-00021126": "can look into the driver hierarchy with ioreg. And you can see that there is a Bluetooth device", "3innaPD83Z4-00040-00021126-00021726": "and then it has a Bluetooth (BT) Debug with a CoreCapture DataStream. You will find a similar", "3innaPD83Z4-00041-00021726-00022386": "hierarchy for Wi-Fi, but it has multiple of those data streams for packet logging.", "3innaPD83Z4-00042-00022386-00022758": "If you want to know more about how to use CoreCapture and how", "3innaPD83Z4-00043-00022758-00023184": "it's structured also on macOS, you can look into the paper from David.", "3innaPD83Z4-00044-00023298-00023868": "But how is implemented in the kernel? Well, there is an IOKit driver and it has four", "3innaPD83Z4-00045-00023868-00024330": "exposed methods: for Core Dumps, starting logging, stopping logging, and dumping logs.", "3innaPD83Z4-00046-00024330-00024792": "When you want to know which functions are callable directly from user space search", "3innaPD83Z4-00047-00024792-00025548": "for \"sMethods\". And they are just a structure where you have the function plus some metadata", "3innaPD83Z4-00048-00025548-00026220": "defining which argument types can be passed to it. And only something that is an exposed", "3innaPD83Z4-00049-00026220-00026748": "sMethod can be called from user space, everything else inside the driver cannot be called directly.", "3innaPD83Z4-00050-00026958-00027539": "You can now search system-wide in binaries for BTDebug to figure out which binaries are using", "3innaPD83Z4-00051-00027539-00028127": "it. And first of all we find the Bluetooth daemon. There is also something in the shared cache and", "3innaPD83Z4-00052-00028127-00028626": "when we double check this, we would find that this belongs to the ExposureNotification framework. But", "3innaPD83Z4-00053-00028626-00029268": "we are interested in the Bluetooth daemon here. When we look where exactly the BTDebug string", "3innaPD83Z4-00054-00029268-00029802": "is inside a Bluetooth demon binary, we would find that it is used to create an IOService.", "3innaPD83Z4-00055-00029886-00030570": "And this means that we can now call the four exposed functions in the kernel driver from", "3innaPD83Z4-00056-00030570-00031158": "the Bluetooth daemon. For example, to enable and disable logging once the BTDebug IOService", "3innaPD83Z4-00057-00031158-00031770": "is created, it is only referenced from a struct indirectly, so this is a bit annoying and you", "3innaPD83Z4-00058-00031770-00032310": "have to look for a bit until you find everything. But searching from here you can search for cross", "3innaPD83Z4-00059-00032310-00032994": "references or also generic IOKit calls and then define function names for everything that you're", "3innaPD83Z4-00060-00032994-00033696": "interested in. And for example here is a function that disables logging using the BTDebug IOService.", "3innaPD83Z4-00061-00033696-00034362": "And all of this is of course a bit of manual work, but it is really similar in all IOKit drivers,", "3innaPD83Z4-00062-00034362-00034794": "so you can do the same thing no matter if it's the Bluetooth daemon or another demon to", "3innaPD83Z4-00063-00034794-00035322": "figure out how it is talking to the kernel and which functions are called and also name them.", "3innaPD83Z4-00064-00035376-00035838": "Now I talked a lot about debugging but I haven't answered how traffic is actually", "3innaPD83Z4-00065-00035838-00036438": "handled by the Bluetooth daemon and drivers. Dennis answers a lot about this in his thesis", "3innaPD83Z4-00066-00036438-00037032": "about the iOS Bluetooth daemon as well as other Apple-based stacks. In the following", "3innaPD83Z4-00067-00037032-00037530": "I'm going to cover the most important basics to understand how it works on recent iPhones.", "3innaPD83Z4-00068-00037530-00038226": "Since the iPhone Xs the Bluetooth chip has PCI Express. And for this two new libraries were", "3innaPD83Z4-00069-00038226-00038832": "introduced to have the Bluetooth daemon speaking to those PCI Express based Bluetooth chips. The", "3innaPD83Z4-00070-00038832-00039528": "libraries are called AppleConvergedTransport and ACIPCBTLib. The IOKit driver used by the Bluetooth", "3innaPD83Z4-00071-00039528-00040230": "demon is called AppleConvergedIPCUserClient and similar to the debug driver it is exposing some", "3innaPD83Z4-00072-00040230-00040848": "sMethods. If you want to look into a code example that calls the users biased libraries directly to", "3innaPD83Z4-00073-00040848-00041424": "create a UserClient and interact with the chip, you can take a look into the InternalBlue source", "3innaPD83Z4-00074-00041424-00041910": "code for PCI Express based iPhones. This code was written by Robert for his thesis.", "3innaPD83Z4-00075-00041910-00042468": "Again, let's use the method of a system byte grep to see where the AppleConvergedTransport", "3innaPD83Z4-00076-00042468-00043032": "library is being used. And first of all, we would find that the Bluetooth daemon", "3innaPD83Z4-00077-00043032-00043710": "is using it but also BlueTool is using it. Both of them talk to the Bluetooth chip but", "3innaPD83Z4-00078-00043710-00044160": "the Bluetooth daemon is active most of the time for sending packets and the BlueTool is", "3innaPD83Z4-00079-00044160-00044760": "a helper tool that helps for example setting up firmware and also sends the chip to deep sleep.", "3innaPD83Z4-00080-00044832-00045372": "When we trace both of them with Frida, we would see that BlueTool is inactive for most of the time", "3innaPD83Z4-00081-00045372-00045942": "but sometimes just wakes up for a short moment doing some tasks, for example when toggling", "3innaPD83Z4-00082-00045942-00046434": "Bluetooth off and on. BlueTool is a daemon running in the background, but when we turn off Bluetooth,", "3innaPD83Z4-00083-00046434-00047076": "then we can also start our own BlueTool. And then we have a command line interface where we can", "3innaPD83Z4-00084-00047076-00047724": "send commands to the chip. So for example here I'm sending a get version command to the chip directly", "3innaPD83Z4-00085-00047724-00048522": "with HCI and I get back the version that locally runs on the chip. But there's one thing, because", "3innaPD83Z4-00086-00048522-00048990": "the PacketLogger is part of the Bluetooth daemon, I wouldn't see this in the PacketLogger. So I", "3innaPD83Z4-00087-00048990-00049536": "have to look up in the Bluetooth specification what all the fields mean and parse it by hand.", "3innaPD83Z4-00088-00049626-00050130": "So now you have seen how iOS demons like Bluetooth daemon or BlueTool interact with", "3innaPD83Z4-00089-00050130-00050754": "the iOS kernel and the scheme is pretty much the same for most daemons and most kernel drivers.", "3innaPD83Z4-00090-00050754-00051240": "So you can also apply this knowledge now to reverse engineer any other demon as well!", "3innaPD83Z4-00091-00051510-00051588": "[Outro]"}}, {"audio_id": "3ipo8fV87hY", "text": {"3ipo8fV87hY-00000-00000014-00000520": "Dang dude this fried rice destroys! How'd you get all this flavor?", "3ipo8fV87hY-00001-00000526-00000630": "Sesame oil and salt!", "3ipo8fV87hY-00002-00000640-00000990": "Salt is one of the 5 taste sensations:", "3ipo8fV87hY-00003-00000990-00001260": "Sweet, sour, bitter, umami, and salty", "3ipo8fV87hY-00004-00001414-00001600": "I guess I'm just used to bitter.", "3ipo8fV87hY-00005-00001600-00001935": "That's weird, I haven't have had salt in like 5 years."}}, {"audio_id": "3k95C0zQES4", "text": {"3k95C0zQES4-00000-00000056-00000608": "lately there has been some criticism of the dymo label maker company because they introduced", "3k95C0zQES4-00001-00000608-00001072": "a new label printer that implements a form of digital rights management", "3k95C0zQES4-00002-00001072-00001560": "drm to prevent you from using inexpensive aftermarket labels", "3k95C0zQES4-00003-00001560-00002216": "and not only that it is purposely incompatible with the previous labels that dymo themselves sold", "3k95C0zQES4-00004-00002216-00002744": "you may have seen the videos that dave jones and louis rossman did about that but i thought i'd", "3k95C0zQES4-00005-00002744-00003472": "cover a different kind of label maker that dymo has been manufacturing since 1958 which is still", "3k95C0zQES4-00006-00003472-00004216": "available today and is still the number one best seller on amazon it's their embossing label maker", "3k95C0zQES4-00007-00004216-00004896": "i have a brand new one here and this one which is probably from the 1970s but they both use", "3k95C0zQES4-00008-00004896-00005528": "exactly the same kind of labels which you can buy inexpensive aftermarket ones like this pack of", "3k95C0zQES4-00009-00005528-00006088": "seven i got for $9.99 and no, these can't print a shipping label at the touch of a button from your", "3k95C0zQES4-00010-00006088-00006616": "computers like the new ones can but they are wireless they never need charging they don't", "3k95C0zQES4-00011-00006616-00007272": "even use any batteries that's because they're powered by you they're completely mechanical", "3k95C0zQES4-00012-00007272-00007952": "and they're the only kind of label maker you can get which can make woodgrain labels they don't", "3k95C0zQES4-00013-00007952-00008384": "produce these anymore but you can still find new old stock ones on ebay", "3k95C0zQES4-00014-00008448-00008744": "and that is a woodgrain label", "3k95C0zQES4-00015-00008744-00009064": "so first let's look at this set i have that's probably from the", "3k95C0zQES4-00016-00009064-00009640": "1970s judging by this pea soup green color we have the label maker itself", "3k95C0zQES4-00017-00009744-00010112": "we have some extra print wheels with different styles of writing on them", "3k95C0zQES4-00018-00010232-00011072": "and a bunch of labels for it including a nice green color red and two black labels", "3k95C0zQES4-00019-00011152-00011448": "it's kind of funny i just noticed this inside the lid", "3k95C0zQES4-00020-00011448-00011912": "it says caution dymo cannot guarantee proper function of this tape writer", "3k95C0zQES4-00021-00011912-00012520": "if other than dymo tape is used demand dymo tapes look for the dymo on the back", "3k95C0zQES4-00022-00012608-00013256": "so even 45 years ago they were still trying to prevent you from using cheaper aftermarket labels", "3k95C0zQES4-00023-00013256-00013704": "and the way you put the labels in this is kind of like loading a 35 millimeter film", "3k95C0zQES4-00024-00013704-00014400": "camera you take your labels you pull a little bit like that and then you stick it in the label maker", "3k95C0zQES4-00025-00014840-00015704": "and you kind of feed it in like that and close the lid and now if you squeeze the trigger", "3k95C0zQES4-00026-00016047-00016568": "there you can see the labels coming out so now we can actually start making our label and now", "3k95C0zQES4-00027-00016568-00017080": "it's like entering your name into the high score of a video game you gotta do it one letter at", "3k95C0zQES4-00028-00017080-00017704": "time and you scroll through the letters a through z you also get numbers and a couple symbols", "3k95C0zQES4-00029-00017792-00018208": "and whatever letter or number is in this little notch here", "3k95C0zQES4-00030-00018208-00018584": "is what it's going to make so if i squeeze the trigger with it showing", "3k95C0zQES4-00031-00018584-00019240": "l we get an L in there we can't really see it right now but we'll see in a moment i'll do A", "3k95C0zQES4-00032-00019496-00019784": "then B", "3k95C0zQES4-00033-00019840-00019864": "E", "3k95C0zQES4-00034-00020176-00020200": "L", "3k95C0zQES4-00035-00020440-00020928": "and now i just printed the word label and if i want to cut off my label there's this other", "3k95C0zQES4-00036-00020984-00021456": "trigger we squeeze and that cuts it and now we have a label that says label", "3k95C0zQES4-00037-00021456-00022208": "it also makes this little slice in the label to make it possible to peel off the backing which", "3k95C0zQES4-00038-00022208-00022984": "gives you the sticky label surface so now you can stick this label onto anything and it will adhere", "3k95C0zQES4-00039-00023064-00023432": "and i don't know if the new one can do that but this vintage one you can actually", "3k95C0zQES4-00040-00023432-00023792": "change the print wheel so i think if i pull on this", "3k95C0zQES4-00041-00023888-00024568": "i can pull that out that's the normal style writing we also get a vertical character wheel", "3k95C0zQES4-00042-00024568-00025304": "so instead of the labels going horizontal they would go vertical and we also get a script", "3k95C0zQES4-00043-00025304-00026312": "style wheel which is quite interesting so i'll try to put that in so now we can do script writing", "3k95C0zQES4-00044-00026312-00026664": "and there's actually different thicknesses which is another feature i don't think the", "3k95C0zQES4-00045-00026664-00027168": "new ones support anymore this is the thicker style and then we have this", "3k95C0zQES4-00046-00027168-00027592": "red label which is a little bit thinner and this one has a setting for that", "3k95C0zQES4-00047-00027648-00028280": "if you pop it in that way it's for the thicker labels if you push this in like here", "3k95C0zQES4-00048-00028336-00029039": "that makes it set for the thinner labels so pull out a little bit of this stick it in the machine", "3k95C0zQES4-00049-00029352-00030176": "and feed it in enough for the wheel to catch on to it and now if i squeeze it a bunch of times", "3k95C0zQES4-00050-00030600-00030808": "i had a little bit of trouble with this earlier", "3k95C0zQES4-00051-00030920-00031352": "wasn't really wanting to catch on these thinner labels", "3k95C0zQES4-00052-00031839-00032408": "there it goes got it this time now we're ready to make our script style labels so", "3k95C0zQES4-00053-00032408-00033784": "i'll write the word script there's a lowercase S in script in case you don't know your cursive", "3k95C0zQES4-00054-00034896-00035328": "and there is the word script in script look at that", "3k95C0zQES4-00055-00035680-00036320": "now i'm going to open up this bag of cheap chinese aftermarket labels and i'll see if they'll", "3k95C0zQES4-00056-00036320-00036656": "work just as good as the official dymo labels work", "3k95C0zQES4-00057-00036736-00037328": "despite dimo's warning not to use them we've got red green blue", "3k95C0zQES4-00058-00037480-00038464": "and three black labels and kind of a yellowish brown almost kind of a mustard color on that", "3k95C0zQES4-00059-00038544-00039208": "there you can see the change of design this is the original probably 1970s dymo label and this is", "3k95C0zQES4-00060-00039208-00039896": "the new aftermarket label and it's the same basic size but it uses a lot less plastic on the housing", "3k95C0zQES4-00061-00039984-00040336": "i thought maybe that's just because this is just a cheap aftermarket label", "3k95C0zQES4-00062-00040400-00041152": "but i have this official dymo label and you can see it's the same basic idea so at some point", "3k95C0zQES4-00063-00041152-00041480": "they changed the design of the housing", "3k95C0zQES4-00064-00041480-00041768": "interestingly these dymo labels are made in belgium", "3k95C0zQES4-00065-00041832-00042328": "look for other colors blue green red and rainbow which is not as exciting as it", "3k95C0zQES4-00066-00042328-00042888": "sounds because that is not a multi-colored label that's just a multi-pack of different colors", "3k95C0zQES4-00067-00042944-00043656": "now i'm going to open up this brand new dymo label maker which cost me $11.59 on amazon", "3k95C0zQES4-00068-00043656-00044288": "i noticed it has a copyright date of 2009 on it but they're still selling it brand new today so", "3k95C0zQES4-00069-00044288-00044688": "they don't really change the design of this that often but it's still", "3k95C0zQES4-00070-00044688-00045376": "the number one best-selling label maker on amazon it comes with three sets of labels there's one in", "3k95C0zQES4-00071-00045376-00045936": "the label maker already and then you get two more here and the new one is sad onion rated", "3k95C0zQES4-00072-00045936-00046344": "here's the new one and like i said it comes preloaded with labels", "3k95C0zQES4-00073-00046344-00046816": "and i noticed whoever was putting this in the package at the factory used it to write", "3k95C0zQES4-00074-00046816-00047296": "out dymo on the label and it doesn't come with any instructions i guess they figure if they've", "3k95C0zQES4-00075-00047296-00047784": "been selling the same product for over 50 years you should know how to use it by now", "3k95C0zQES4-00076-00047880-00048352": "OK that's where the labels go in and on this one instead of having a separate trigger to", "3k95C0zQES4-00077-00048352-00048864": "cut off the label you move the wheel to the cut position and it's kind of hard", "3k95C0zQES4-00078-00048864-00049368": "to see with the reflections but there's two vertical lines in this window here and the", "3k95C0zQES4-00079-00049368-00050048": "letter between those lines is what it's going to make so if i squeeze the trigger i get a C", "3k95C0zQES4-00080-00050048-00050648": "and i must say this feels really cheap and chintzy when you're using it the letters are more spaced", "3k95C0zQES4-00081-00050648-00051216": "out on the label and the quality of the printing is not nearly as good as that vintage one but what", "3k95C0zQES4-00082-00051216-00051791": "do you expect when they sell you an entire label maker with three sets of labels for eleven dollars", "3k95C0zQES4-00083-00051791-00052184": "now i'm going to try this after aftermarket label and see if it works okay in this new", "3k95C0zQES4-00084-00052184-00052944": "one so you got to kind of stick it in and feed it forward and now", "3k95C0zQES4-00085-00053160-00053704": "we get our labels so there's the official dymo label on the top and the aftermarket", "3k95C0zQES4-00086-00053704-00054272": "label underneath and aside from the difference in color i can't tell any difference between", "3k95C0zQES4-00087-00054272-00054784": "them despite dymo telling you not to use aftermarket labels they seem to work fine", "3k95C0zQES4-00088-00054848-00055264": "now i want to try out this vintage wood grainlabeling tape you can tell", "3k95C0zQES4-00089-00055264-00055672": "how old it is because it shows a reel to reel tape", "3k95C0zQES4-00090-00055744-00056448": "a 35 millimeter film camera actually two of them and it was originally sold at bi-mart", "3k95C0zQES4-00091-00056632-00057200": "that's a funny name for 73 cents which was a discount over its list price of a dollar twenty", "3k95C0zQES4-00092-00057200-00057791": "five they say dymo labeling takes make durable permanent plastic labels of easy to read white", "3k95C0zQES4-00093-00057791-00058440": "embossed letters available in a quarter inch three-eighths and a half inch nowadays only", "3k95C0zQES4-00094-00058440-00059064": "three eighths inch is available anymore in the following colors black red blue avocado green", "3k95C0zQES4-00095-00059064-00060064": "woodgrain and gold new cloth marking tape for iron on sew on is available in 3/8 inch magazines", "3k95C0zQES4-00096-00060064-00060400": "and there it is with the older style of housing so i don't know if it's gonna fit", "3k95C0zQES4-00097-00060400-00060752": "in that new machine but we'll find out and there it is", "3k95C0zQES4-00098-00060752-00061472": "a woodgrain label and yes that older style of housing still fits in the new machine and", "3k95C0zQES4-00099-00061688-00062112": "there's our woodgrain label so let me use it to write out the word woodgrain", "3k95C0zQES4-00100-00062240-00063184": "this very cheap feeling wheel very cheap and plasticky", "3k95C0zQES4-00101-00063655-00064584": "not nearly as nice to use as the old one", "3k95C0zQES4-00102-00064936-00065624": "so again very poor quality embossing but you can see it still basically works just as good", "3k95C0zQES4-00103-00065624-00066176": "as the new labels do except you can't buy this woodgrain label anymore you can only get it", "3k95C0zQES4-00104-00066176-00066632": "new old stock on ebay like i did i'll move it to the cut position", "3k95C0zQES4-00105-00066912-00067248": "and there we go there's our woodgrain label we can peel it off", "3k95C0zQES4-00106-00067368-00068048": "and stick it on i don't know the packaging it came on there we go woodgrain label", "3k95C0zQES4-00107-00068048-00068568": "and back in the '80s and '90s when these were more popular you can not only get aftermarket", "3k95C0zQES4-00108-00068568-00069128": "labels you can get an entire aftermarket label maker such as this one from rotex", "3k95C0zQES4-00109-00069200-00069824": "it works with the same dymo compatible labels just like the real thing it works basically the", "3k95C0zQES4-00110-00069824-00070472": "same way it's another cheap plasticky device but it actually feels a lot better than this new one", "3k95C0zQES4-00111-00070544-00071048": "there's a direct comparison between the brand new dymo label maker and the vintage one", "3k95C0zQES4-00112-00071048-00071608": "and ironically the brand new one looks like it's a 40 year old worn out piece of junk", "3k95C0zQES4-00113-00071608-00072208": "while this one looks like it's brand new when it's exactly the opposite so i don't recommend", "3k95C0zQES4-00114-00072208-00072760": "these cheap new dymo label makers people are going to look at this and say oh these labels", "3k95C0zQES4-00115-00072760-00073352": "are crap why did people ever use these well no it's this that's crap if you use a good one", "3k95C0zQES4-00116-00073352-00073728": "that's 40 years old you get good quality labels out of it", "3k95C0zQES4-00117-00073800-00074248": "this time i tried using another one of those brand new cheap aftermarket", "3k95C0zQES4-00118-00074248-00074728": "labels in this vintage machine and as you can see it worked perfectly fine", "3k95C0zQES4-00119-00074808-00075232": "so there you go that's been my look at these embossing label makers", "3k95C0zQES4-00120-00075232-00075840": "from dymo which have been around since 1958 and are still in production today although", "3k95C0zQES4-00121-00075840-00076280": "i would not recommend buying this official new dymo label maker because it produces", "3k95C0zQES4-00122-00076352-00077184": "noticeably inferior results compared to a vintage one"}}, {"audio_id": "3lsrgV0Dz3U", "text": {"3lsrgV0Dz3U-00000-00000072-00000376": "(ROCK MUSIC)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00001-00001920-00002160": "TANISHA: Get out! I'ma (BLEEP) Kill this bitch!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00002-00002160-00002402": "I'ma Get Her! I'ma (BLEEP) (BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00003-00002638-00002904": "ACHMED: Private Achmed reporting for Killing", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00004-00002988-00003234": "PRIVATE: How is this Disguting thing came in my Formation?", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00005-00003234-00003450": "(SOWAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00006-00003450-00003564": "What the heck is in there?", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00007-00003564-00003794": "DR. OCTAGONAPUS! (BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00008-00003794-00004032": "OH GOD! OH MY GOD! (BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00009-00004032-00004280": "NEVEEN: Listen. Well WHAT DID WE DO?! WHAT DID WE DO!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00010-00004280-00004458": "(ARGUING)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00011-00004458-00004626": "(BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00012-00004626-00004920": "PEANUT: WHAT THE HELL?! WHAT ARE YOU DOING?!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00013-00004920-00005004": "JEFF: This came loose.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00014-00005004-00005190": "WHAT CAME LOOSE?", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00015-00005190-00005360": "This. (SCREAMING WITH BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00016-00005360-00005528": "(MUSIC)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00017-00005528-00005708": "(BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00018-00005708-00005908": "Where you're heading, Parnter?", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00019-00005908-00006140": "I'm going to fight Slugo", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00020-00006140-00006436": "Don't fight Him. Feed him.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00021-00006436-00006523": "(BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00022-00006523-00006723": "WHAT THE (BLEEP)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00023-00006723-00006944": "(MUSIC)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00024-00006944-00007036": "(YELLING)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00025-00007434-00007668": "ZELDA: Nice job, Hero.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00026-00007668-00007980": "LINK: Hey! Escuse me. Princess.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00027-00007995-00008218": "(BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00028-00008218-00008450": "Why did you turn to it's mary young?", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00029-00008450-00008780": "They swept off their feet? (BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00030-00008780-00009034": "I. I got the BAHH!!!!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00031-00009034-00009224": "ROGER BAHH!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00032-00009224-00009424": "TAILS: I'll take care of this!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00033-00009424-00009856": "SONIC: NO! The shock call said it all (BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00034-00009856-00009970": "(SCREAMS)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00035-00009970-00010170": "But I'm le tired.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00036-00010170-00010272": "Well, have a nap.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00037-00010272-00010420": "THEN FIRE Z BAHH!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00038-00010420-00010620": "Gummi bear, gummi bear.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00039-00010620-00010732": "(BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00040-00010732-00010908": "My cakes will burn!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00041-00010908-00010990": "(BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00042-00011126-00011558": "NAPPA; Vegeta, Can you tell me what Kakarrot's Power Level is?", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00043-00011558-00011696": "VEGETA: Wait a minute.  Stop the music.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00044-00011696-00011784": "(RECORD SCRATCH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00045-00011784-00011860": "WHAT?!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00046-00011860-00012416": "Nappa. Do you really have a feeling that we been doing the same crap all over again?", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00047-00012416-00012786": "Yeah. Really. Why?", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00048-00012786-00013434": "Because I feel like i was saying \"It's over 9000\" at the TV Shows, 3 Dubs, and 1 video game.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00049-00013434-00013726": "No. Wait. 2 Video Games. maybe.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00050-00013726-00014013": "Oh Screw this. Let's get this over with already!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00051-00014013-00014288": "(MUSIC) It's OVER 9000! AGH!!!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00052-00014288-00014574": "I'MA FIRE MY LASER!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00053-00014574-00014641": "(BLAH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00054-00014738-00014810": "(BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00055-00015030-00015382": "Your Majesty, you must die. (BAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00056-00015382-00015528": "HARRY: Shoopes Ma Whoopes!", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00057-00015528-00015674": "(SOWAHH)", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00058-00015674-00015906": "TANISHA: I Didn't get no sleep cause of y'all bitches last night.", "3lsrgV0Dz3U-00059-00015906-00016106": "LYRIC: What?  TANISHA: No sleep. (BLAH)"}}, {"audio_id": "3lDWZG0V5X4", "text": {"3lDWZG0V5X4-00000-00000000-00000500": "My name is Serghei Litvin, the FID director: welcome!", "3lDWZG0V5X4-00001-00002200-00003100": "The art object has no own intrinsic market value like wheat or gold.", "3lDWZG0V5X4-00002-00003100-00004450": "This goes against the fetishistic belief of an intrinsic value of art.", "3lDWZG0V5X4-00003-00004450-00005400": "The price of art depends directly and almost solely on the staging of the sale and the general context in which this sale takes place."}}, {"audio_id": "3lQugdNlBz0", "text": {"3lQugdNlBz0-00000-00000000-00000200": "Hi everyone", "3lQugdNlBz0-00001-00000200-00000400": "Bank nifty 1 minute chart", "3lQugdNlBz0-00002-00000400-00002216": "Daily in live market u will receive calls", "3lQugdNlBz0-00003-00002216-00003492": "Once trend changes u will receive new call", "3lQugdNlBz0-00004-00003594-00005468": "After 12 pm trend reverse so red color candle opens", "3lQugdNlBz0-00005-00005468-00007507": "When trend changes u will receive calls", "3lQugdNlBz0-00006-00007507-00008502": "Auto trading also possible", "3lQugdNlBz0-00007-00008502-00009484": "in 15 Mins target recahed", "3lQugdNlBz0-00008-00009484-00010814": "200 point momentum in 30 mins", "3lQugdNlBz0-00009-00010814-00015482": "WhatsApp - 9488462166 for Subscription dteails"}}, {"audio_id": "3lSiaFtpy-Y", "text": {"3lSiaFtpy-Y-00000-00000404-00001170": "I am certain that we have experienced hearing something that we didn’t like to hear.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00001-00001170-00001792": "What do you do when you hear something you don’t like to hear?", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00002-00001792-00001973": "What do you do?", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00003-00001973-00002433": "I don’t what to hear it but I heard it anyway.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00004-00002433-00002533": "What do you do?", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00005-00002533-00003245": "The gospel begins with “Six days later”.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00006-00003245-00003822": "It is clear – six days later.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00007-00003822-00004310": "So why is it important to say – six days later?", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00008-00004310-00004744": "What happened six days earlier?", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00009-00004744-00005389": "Six days earlier, the Lord said, \"Who do people say that I am?\"", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00010-00005389-00005957": "And they said, “Elijah, Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00011-00005957-00006405": "And then the Lord said, “Who do you say that I am?”", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00012-00006405-00007443": "And Peter said, “You are Christ, the Son of God.”", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00013-00007443-00008669": "And then the Lord said, “The son of man will be persecuted and put to death.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00014-00008669-00008770": "Have courage.”", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00015-00008770-00009181": "They did not like to hear that.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00016-00009181-00009667": "So what did Peter say?", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00017-00009667-00009767": "No.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00018-00009767-00009903": "What did the apostles say?", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00019-00009903-00010031": "No.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00020-00010031-00010317": "And the Lord insisted it will happen.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00021-00010317-00010417": "No.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00022-00010417-00010652": "That is not acceptable.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00023-00010652-00010921": "We cannot bear it.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00024-00010921-00011369": "That cannot happen because You are the Messiah.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00025-00011369-00011737": "That can never happen to the Messiah.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00026-00011737-00012454": "And they heard something they did not like to hear,", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00027-00012454-00012792": "that their master, their teacher will suffer.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00028-00012792-00013205": "They did not like to hear that.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00029-00013205-00013787": "So six days later, the Lord brings them up the mountain.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00030-00013787-00015181": "And in the mountain, cool, quiet, prayerful, meditative, mystical, a voice was heard – “Listen", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00031-00015181-00015291": "to Him.”", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00032-00015291-00015809": "What does it all mean?", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00033-00015809-00016392": "Six days earlier, my son told you - he will suffer.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00034-00016392-00016956": "Six days earlier you heard it and you refused it.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00035-00016956-00017495": "Six days earlier, you heard it and you debated with Him.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00036-00017495-00018149": "Six days earlier, you heard it and you refused to believe.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00037-00018149-00018683": "Now the Father says – “Listen to Him.”", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00038-00018683-00019114": "Six days earlier, they heard him.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00039-00019114-00019703": "Six days later, they were asked to listen to Him.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00040-00019703-00020081": "We hear with our ears.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00041-00020081-00020462": "We give meaning according to our own mind.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00042-00020462-00020797": "That is what happens when we hear something.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00043-00020797-00021343": "When we hear a certain noise, we deem it to be just noise.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00044-00021343-00022217": "But if you listen intently, you will understand that it is not just noise but the bark of", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00045-00022217-00023210": "a dog, meow of a cat, or moo from a cow or the sound of a car, the sound of a fireworks,", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00046-00023210-00023725": "sound of firetruck or sound of the police siren.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00047-00023725-00024663": "There are so many noises around us but we shall not understand if we don’t listern.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00048-00024663-00025676": "In other words, brothers and sisters, we can hear noises and the noises can disturb us.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00049-00025676-00026461": "We can hear with our ears and our ears will tell our mind, this is what you heard, interpret", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00050-00026461-00026612": "it.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00051-00026612-00027037": "What is the difference with listening?", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00052-00027037-00027695": "Listening means - you listen not with your ears but you listen with your heart.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00053-00027695-00028041": "And the meaning does not come from you brain.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00054-00028041-00028277": "The meaning does not come from your mind.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00055-00028277-00029018": "The meaning is given by the person who spoke to you because there is meaning in what the", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00056-00029018-00029388": "Lord said and they did not understand.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00057-00029388-00030175": "What I am saying might sound too deep, too complicated but all I’m trying to say is", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00058-00030175-00030275": "this.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00059-00030275-00030864": "When you hear something that you don’t like to hear, most likely you will fight.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00060-00030864-00030964": "You will argue.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00061-00030964-00031375": "You will debate.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00062-00031375-00031563": "You will rebutt.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00063-00031563-00032549": "You will refuse or you will walk-out because you heard something you did not like to hear.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00064-00032549-00033615": "Today the Lord says - When you hear something you don’t like to hear - Don’t talk.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00065-00033615-00034099": "Go up to the mountain of your reflection.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00066-00034099-00034362": "Go up and pray.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00067-00034362-00034609": "Go up and be quiet.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00068-00034609-00035030": "Enjoy the breeze of your spiritual mountain.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00069-00035030-00035493": "And then in that mountain, do not just hear.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00070-00035493-00035678": "Listen.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00071-00035678-00036469": "And you know what, the Lord says, “If you learn how to listen, you will see greater", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00072-00036469-00036831": "things than that.”", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00073-00036831-00037531": "We must learn how to listen because listening is the way to love.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00074-00037531-00038131": "We don’t listen if we don’t have love.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00075-00038131-00038402": "We must learn how to listen.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00076-00038402-00038784": "Because we receive faith by listening.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00077-00038784-00039249": "If we cannot listen, we will not grow in faith.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00078-00039249-00039865": "We must learn how to listen because listening increases our hope.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00079-00039865-00040591": "Because people who hope, people who listen will be able to understand – I heard something,", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00080-00040591-00040886": "now I listen.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00081-00040886-00041405": "And now that I listen, I understand - It is the Lord.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00082-00041405-00041959": "My brothers and sisters, we are on the second week of", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00083-00041959-00042059": "Lent.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00084-00042059-00042597": "Last Ash Wednesday, I said to you, increase your thankfulness, your gratitude.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00085-00042597-00043174": "This second week of Lent, my advice to you, increase your listening.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00086-00043174-00043547": "There is so much noise.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00087-00043547-00043921": "There is so much talk.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00088-00043921-00044552": "Sometimes, you don’t like to hear but just stop.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00089-00044552-00044789": "Keep quiet.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00090-00044789-00044930": "Listen with your heart.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00091-00044930-00045515": "And let your listening be your expression of love.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00092-00045515-00045972": "Let your listening lead you to deeper faith.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00093-00045972-00047099": "Let your listening increase your hope because the Lord is with us.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00094-00047099-00047464": "Thank you for listening.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00095-00047464-00047702": "Thank you for watching.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00096-00047702-00048015": "Please look for Father Soc on YouTube.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00097-00048015-00048490": "And I hope you can subscribe to the channel.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00098-00048490-00049178": "There I can meet you with more reflections, with more homilies and then we can interact.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00099-00049178-00049738": "And you can also tell me the questions in your heart, the questions in your mind which", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00100-00049738-00050115": "I hope, I can also answer in the same channel.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00101-00050115-00050699": "It is not technology that brings us together, it is the Lord.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00102-00050699-00051354": "It is not technology that has brought us together, it is our love for the Lord and our love for", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00103-00051354-00051454": "the Church.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00104-00051454-00051791": "May the Spirit continue to work in all of us.", "3lSiaFtpy-Y-00105-00051791-00051875": "God bless you."}}, {"audio_id": "3laHLelFB7y", "text": {"3laHLelFB7y-00000-00001138-00002840": "These are the pictures which broke Jamilla fans hearts everywhere. Love Island favourites Jamie Jewitt and Camilla Thurlow were the epitome of calm and their relationship was thought to be one of politically charged calm waters.", "3laHLelFB7y-00001-00002990-00005090": "However, these snaps paint a much darker picture. Pointing in his 28-year-old girlfriend's face, holding her phone in front of her and screaming in her face outside a charity bash - model Jamie looks genuinely angry with Camilla - who tries not to cry.", "3laHLelFB7y-00002-00005240-00006627": "Jamie - who has since insisted they were having a 'heated drunken conversation' about nasty comments on social media - appeared to be shouting as he held a phone up to her face.", "3laHLelFB7y-00003-00006777-00008152": "Addressing the pics, which were taken outside The Charge II boxing fundraiser at The Lindley Hall in London, Jamie played down the row saying it was a 'heated' discussion.", "3laHLelFB7y-00004-00008302-00010378": "But, as our body language expert reveals - this row was very serious but, ultimately proves the couple are genuine. Renowned body language expert Judi James said Jamie was 'overwhelmed' with anger and his jutting jaw reveals the depth of his emotion.", "3laHLelFB7y-00005-00010528-00013019": "She said: 'Having spent summer being entertained by all the showmances and faked love and passion on Love Island it would only be natural to expect some on-going faux soap scenes from the few remaining couples in a bid to keep the interest going. Sadly though this very dramatic spat from Camilla and Jamie does look like the real thing.", "3laHLelFB7y-00006-00013169-00015475": "'If it's not then Jamie needs to re-think his acting as he's doing himself no favours with this unpleasant looking body language.It's clear there's a phone-quarrel going on, with Camilla either trying to hold Jamie back as he tries to walk away or dissolving into a facial expression of teary misery.", "3laHLelFB7y-00007-00015625-00016885": "'She's the one using the palms-up gesture of explanation or apology and at times she goes into passive mode with her hands tucked behind her back.", "3laHLelFB7y-00008-00017035-00019332": "'Jamie looks genuinely furious though. He's a big guy and bends to lean in towards her face as he seems to wave the phone in one fist. The real clue about his anger comes from his mouth though. Lower jaw jutting and clenched teeth like this suggest he's openly overwhelmed by emotion.'", "3laHLelFB7y-00009-00019482-00022314": "Love Island's Jamie Jewitt lashes out at Jess Shears and Dom Lever for claiming he's split from Camilla Thurlow  Jamie's rep said at the time: 'The pictures show a couple in love having a heated drunken conversation. As someone in the public eye, Camilla had been receiving negative messages and comments on  and Jamie was upset as didn't want her to be hurt or effected by those comments,'", "3laHLelFB7y-00010-00022464-00024266": "'That is what the heated conversation was about. He was angry at the comments and how they had made her upset. 'But both are okay and are happy and in love and you will see going forwards that is absolutely the case.'", "3laHLelFB7y-00011-00024416-00026102": "Indeed, just hours before, the good-looking pair appeared to be smitten as they posed for pictures at the event. Love Island's Camilla Thurlow silences Jamie Jewitt split rumours with loved-up selfie", "3laHLelFB7y-00012-00026252-00027733": "And while their co-stars have suffered their ups and downs - hello Chris Hughes and Olivia Attwood - it's been relatively smooth sailing for Camilla and Calvin Klein model Jamie so far.", "3laHLelFB7y-00013-00027883-00029619": "Just last month he teased that some 'big news' could be coming. 'Things are really good between us... We've been going out for two months two and a half months, and we're taking things slow,' he told the Daily Star.", "3laHLelFB7y-00014-00029769-00030858": "'We're not really thinking too much about it. We're staying busy. But there'll be some news, don't worry.'"}}, {"audio_id": "3m1snxYu95k", "text": {"3m1snxYu95k-00000-00000000-00000200": "RTX 3070 Red Dead Redemption 2"}}, {"audio_id": "3m1FwK9E5eQ", "text": {"3m1FwK9E5eQ-00000-00000070-00000428": "Now, you've probably seen at some point,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00001-00000428-00000752": "a definition of what an exponent of one", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00002-00000754-00001096": "or of zero actually does.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00003-00001188-00001440": "But, now that we have that exponent rule", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00004-00001440-00001691": "for multiplication in hand,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00005-00001691-00001846": "remember that said,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00006-00002060-00002534": "if b is any number and m and n are whole numbers,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00007-00002534-00002688": "at least two,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00008-00002734-00003326": "then b to the m times b to the n equals b to the m+n.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00009-00003452-00003502": "Hmm.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00010-00003568-00003644": "OK.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00011-00003900-00004136": "But now we want to think about -", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00012-00004208-00004610": "Well, what if want to extend these rules", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00013-00004610-00005006": "to let m and n be one or zero as well?", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00014-00005064-00005348": "Now, one is pretty intuitive.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00015-00005444-00005504": "Right?", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00016-00005576-00006390": "b squared is b times b, two copies.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00017-00006698-00007020": "It would make sense to say, b to the one", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00018-00007072-00007456": "is just b, one copy.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00019-00007930-00008274": "That makes sense and the rule still works.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00020-00008344-00008836": "So, for any number b to the one is just b.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00021-00008880-00009140": "What about exponent zero then?", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00022-00009370-00009865": "Well, remember that we want to continue to follow", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00023-00009866-00010030": "the exponent rules.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00024-00010060-00010454": "So, we want to have b to whatever power", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00025-00010532-00010736": "times b to the zero", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00026-00010874-00011414": "to say, well that's b to the m+0.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00027-00011492-00011822": "But that's just b to the m.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00028-00011936-00011986": "Oh.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00029-00012030-00012086": "Hmm.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00030-00012192-00012424": "Well, that gets a little bit trickier.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00031-00012518-00012860": "Let's look at some concrete examples.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00032-00013091-00013524": "Three to the fourth times three to the zero,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00033-00013569-00013790": "equals three to the fourth.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00034-00013960-00014122": "What is three to the fourth?", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00035-00014124-00014272": "That's eighty-one.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00036-00014366-00014682": "Eighty-one times three to the zero,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00037-00014732-00014878": "is eighty-one.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00038-00014963-00015223": "Well, what do I need to multiply by eighty-one", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00039-00015224-00015404": "in order to get eighty-one?", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00040-00015488-00015797": "It must be that three to the zero is one.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00041-00015841-00016028": "Let's try another example.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00042-00016118-00016358": "Five to the third times five to the zero,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00043-00016358-00016530": "is five to the third.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00044-00016612-00017078": "That is a hundred twenty-five times five to the zero,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00045-00017078-00017300": "is a hundred twenty-five.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00046-00017494-00018266": "OK, so it must be that five to the zero also equals one.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00047-00018422-00018724": "OK, but check this out.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00048-00018816-00019192": "What if we have zero to the fourth times", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00049-00019198-00019373": "zero to the zero?", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00050-00019373-00020006": "Well, that means zero times zero to the zero is zero.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00051-00020056-00020202": "But, you know what?", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00052-00020260-00020598": "That doesn't nail down what zero to the zero", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00053-00020598-00020712": "ought to be.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00054-00020770-00021102": "According to that, zero to the zero could be", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00055-00021102-00021260": "anything at all.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00056-00021298-00021894": "And, you know, having zero to the zero be one", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00057-00021895-00022051": "would violate everything we know", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00058-00022051-00022304": "about all the other powers of zero.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00059-00022524-00022964": "In fact, it turns out we don't want zero to the zero", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00060-00022964-00023054": "to be one.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00061-00023098-00023530": "We don't want zero to the zero to be zero, either.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00062-00023546-00023916": "We leave zero to the zero undefined.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00063-00024192-00024384": "So, what do we end up saying?", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00064-00024476-00024874": "For any number b, b to the first power is just b.", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00065-00024926-00025270": "And for any number b except for zero,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00066-00025270-00025582": "remember we're leaving zero to the zero undefined,", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00067-00025630-00025916": "but for any other number, b to the zero", "3m1FwK9E5eQ-00068-00025916-00026170": "is just the number one."}}, {"audio_id": "3m3cFzsmfpy", "text": {"3m3cFzsmfpy-00000-00000016-00000587": "Remaking a game as beloved as Final Fantasy 7 was never going to be easy.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00001-00000587-00000922": "Change too much, and fans are going to be upset.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00002-00000922-00001420": "Change too little, and why even bother remaking the game in the first place?", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00003-00001420-00001918": "Understandably, stylistic and story choices made by the team at Square Enix have drawn", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00004-00001918-00002032": "the ire of fans.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00005-00002032-00002657": "While we’d love to talk about some big changes to series canon and how Final Fantasy 7 Remake", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00006-00002657-00003075": "ends, we don’t want to delve too far into spoiler territory.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00007-00003075-00003407": "So, instead, let’s talk about character design.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00008-00003407-00003909": "Some particularly vocal fans have been frustrated by the appearance of Tifa Lockhart, who has", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00009-00003909-00004244": "been reimagined as an athletic brawler in sports equipment.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00010-00004244-00004731": "Rumour has it that Square Enix’s shadowy ethics department cooked up a conspiracy to", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00011-00004731-00004860": "change Tifa.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00012-00004860-00005164": "These rumours, actually are true.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00013-00005164-00005264": "Sort of.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00014-00005264-00005753": "There is an ulterior motive behind Tifa’s costume change, although not the one that", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00015-00005753-00005919": "people might expect.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00016-00005919-00006531": "The original Final Fantasy 7 is very much a product of its time, with big, chunky, adorably", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00017-00006531-00006947": "cartoonish characters that inhabit a vaguely steampunk world.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00018-00006947-00007395": "Tifa Lockhart is designed to fit perfectly into this aesthetic – she wears a simple", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00019-00007395-00007916": "white top, a pair of braces, or suspenders if you prefer, and a leather skirt.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00020-00007916-00008401": "Her costume would look odd on a real person, but in the confines of this fantasy setting,", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00021-00008401-00008592": "it fits the game’s art style.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00022-00008592-00009179": "In remaking Final Fantasy 7, the team at Square Enix elected to make the world of Midgar fit", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00023-00009179-00009539": "with the art style that’s appeared in more recent games in the series.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00024-00009539-00010020": "Between graphics means more realistic character models, and that means losing some of the", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00025-00010020-00010339": "original Final Fantasy 7’s quirky art style.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00026-00010339-00010774": "Transforming Tifa from a cartoon character to a more realistic human meant coming up", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00027-00010774-00011040": "with a grounded explanation for her clothing.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00028-00011040-00011282": "Real world equipment was used for reference.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00029-00011282-00011825": "For example, Tifa’s new braces were inspired by military gear, and she wears biker gloves.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00030-00011825-00012363": "As Tifa punches her way through fights, it made sense to reflect this in her design.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00031-00012363-00012822": "Thus, she was reimagined as an athlete, wearing gym equipment to provide extra comfort while", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00032-00012822-00012922": "training.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00033-00012922-00013236": "It’s a decision that makes sense in the context of the story.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00034-00013236-00013784": "Even if the idea of trying to ground Final Fantasy in reality feels a bit counter-productive.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00035-00013784-00014206": "Said game director Tetsuya Nomura: “First of all, we wanted to give Tifa a", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00036-00014206-00014511": "six pack so we made her more of an athletic style.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00037-00014511-00014928": "Then there were also instructions from the internal ethics department, and it was necessary", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00038-00014928-00015425": "to [support] the chest area so that it did not become unnatural even in moments of intense", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00039-00015425-00015525": "action.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00040-00015525-00015926": "We gave her a sporty and fitness conscious look with a very simple top half with black", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00041-00015926-00016122": "underwear and a body fitting tank top.”", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00042-00016122-00016647": "While redesigning Tifa, the art team also had to contend with the mysterious Square", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00043-00016647-00016909": "Enix Ethics Department.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00044-00016909-00017257": "Representatives from this department worked closely with the team to make sure that Tifa’s", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00045-00017257-00017526": "new character design wasn’t too revealing.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00046-00017526-00017999": "The name of this department sounds a little odd, and as such, it’s hard to entirely", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00047-00017999-00018174": "understand what it does.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00048-00018174-00018687": "According to a spokesperson for the company: “In the Square Enix Japan studios, the Ethics", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00049-00018687-00019137": "Department is actually a group within the company that evaluates game content to make", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00050-00019137-00019637": "sure it is aligned with the anticipated age ratings standards across the globe (CERO,", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00051-00019637-00019871": "ESRB, PEGI, etc).”", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00052-00019871-00020281": "Essentially, the Ethics Department has the job of making sure that a game will receive", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00053-00020281-00020556": "the age rating that Square Enix is hoping for.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00054-00020556-00021048": "The goal was to make Final Fantasy 7 Remake appropriate for teenage audiences.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00055-00021048-00021579": "While the American ESRB and Europen PEGI ratings boards were never going to cause Square Enix", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00056-00021579-00022148": "too much trouble, Japan’s Computer Entertainment Rating Organization, or CERO, is a different", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00057-00022148-00022269": "matter entirely.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00058-00022269-00022795": "The board is notoriously strict when it comes to representations of romance in gaming.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00059-00022795-00023317": "In addition to keeping track of all violence and swearing in games, CERO also keeps detailed", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00060-00023317-00023853": "notes on every time game characters, quote, “embrace”, and “kiss”.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00061-00023853-00024297": "This isn’t to say that too many hugs will afford a game a higher rating – it’s simply", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00062-00024297-00024805": "worth noting that CERO is paying particularly close attention to this type of content.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00063-00024805-00025366": "Masahiro Sakurai has run afoul of CERO while working on the Super Smash Bros series.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00064-00025366-00025825": "According to the creator, the first thing CERO representatives will ask is to see all", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00065-00025825-00026272": "female character models upside down, so that they can check to make sure that it’s not", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00066-00026272-00026654": "even possible to accidentally see a quick flash of underpants.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00067-00026654-00027162": "The Smash team put one character, Palutena, in a pair of shorts underneath her dress to", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00068-00027162-00027717": "prevent any wardrobe malfunctions, but even so, they had to revise her design multiple", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00069-00027717-00028266": "times to appease CERO’s strict standards on female dress in an all-ages game.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00070-00028266-00028610": "According to Masahiro: “They were being ridiculous and frankly", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00071-00028610-00029013": "quite juvenile….If you’re more worried about something trivial like whether you can", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00072-00029013-00029485": "see some cloth than whether a game includes firearms, you clearly ought to get your priorities", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00073-00029485-00029585": "in order.”", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00074-00029585-00030050": "It was under this climate that Square Enix established their Ethics Department, and with", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00075-00030050-00030394": "these incredibly strict rules in mind they redesigned Tifa.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00076-00030394-00030957": "This paid off, as the game ultimately received a CERO C rating, meaning that it’s suitable", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00077-00030957-00031138": "for those aged 15 and above.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00078-00031138-00031348": "And the moral of the story?", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00079-00031348-00031601": "Perhaps it’s that you can’t please everyone.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00080-00031601-00032139": "Square Enix had to juggle the demands of fans all over the world, the needs of new players", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00081-00032139-00032689": "coming to the remake fresh, and a strict ratings board that refused to let original costumes", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00082-00032689-00032863": "pass by without censorship.", "3m3cFzsmfpy-00083-00032863-00033268": "Frankly, it’s amazing that Final Fantasy 7 Remake is as good as it is!"}}, {"audio_id": "3mg-s-wURtg", "text": {"3mg-s-wURtg-00000-00000000-00000200": "EURUSD FORECAST"}}, {"audio_id": "3myTdqno0HQ", "text": {"3myTdqno0HQ-00000-00001630-00001673": "[Music]", "3myTdqno0HQ-00001-00001673-00002292": "sketch Architects were approached to design a new replacement dwelling on a steeply sloping site in", "3myTdqno0HQ-00002-00002292-00003036": "Farnam Surrey we initially investigated retaining in part the original building", "3myTdqno0HQ-00003-00003036-00003618": "but structural examination determined that the existing building fabric was not fit for purpose", "3myTdqno0HQ-00004-00003990-00004612": "the client stated in early discussions that sustainable design was a high priority [Music]", "3myTdqno0HQ-00005-00005286-00005766": "they also wanted a building that related to its verdant setting and is finished in", "3myTdqno0HQ-00006-00005766-00006372": "natural materials with glazed openings responding to the elevated views over the Surrey Countryside", "3myTdqno0HQ-00007-00006456-00006762": "in order to achieve this the building envelope was", "3myTdqno0HQ-00008-00006762-00007176": "designed to be super insulated with an increased level of air tightness", "3myTdqno0HQ-00009-00007266-00007823": "on the south facing facade PV cells have been positioned on the pitched roof which is", "3myTdqno0HQ-00010-00007823-00008388": "linked with other key elements of the building's mechanical infrastructure including an mvhr system", "3myTdqno0HQ-00011-00008886-00009348": "the building therefore is entirely electric much of it from integrated", "3myTdqno0HQ-00012-00009348-00009924": "renewable sources and uses no natural gas the ground floor of the building", "3myTdqno0HQ-00013-00009924-00010542": "predominantly houses the living areas dining space and kitchen all of which are open plan", "3myTdqno0HQ-00014-00011322-00011646": "foreign", "3myTdqno0HQ-00015-00011792-00012330": "[Music] this space is punctuated by a bespoke steel and Timber staircase", "3myTdqno0HQ-00016-00012330-00012666": "that rises up through a double height space above the living area", "3myTdqno0HQ-00017-00012750-00013482": "sleeping spaces are positioned on the first floor a separate snug room is located in a pod structure", "3myTdqno0HQ-00018-00013482-00014052": "connected by a glass link and characterized as being clad in charred Timber with a sedum roof", "3myTdqno0HQ-00019-00014291-00014754": "which contrasts with the natural large and zinc standing seam on the main building", "3myTdqno0HQ-00020-00014808-00015162": "exposed glulam beams are expressed within the", "3myTdqno0HQ-00021-00015162-00015552": "ceiling adding an additional layer of detail and texture to this space", "3myTdqno0HQ-00022-00015972-00016446": "workers were looking to build and live more sustainably the design of the fabric and", "3myTdqno0HQ-00023-00016446-00017016": "making sure it is constructed correctly on site is hugely important trying to make the building", "3myTdqno0HQ-00024-00017016-00017658": "as well insulated and airtight as possible we used recycled materials where possible", "3myTdqno0HQ-00025-00017658-00018276": "and where we needed to use concrete it was cement free we also installed a mechanical", "3myTdqno0HQ-00026-00018276-00018900": "ventilation and heat Recovery Unit along with an air source heat pump solar panels and a battery", "3myTdqno0HQ-00027-00018900-00019464": "to reduce the running costs of the building we have learned a lot from this project and", "3myTdqno0HQ-00028-00019464-00019938": "are constantly trying to improve the efficiency of our buildings starting from the insulation", "3myTdqno0HQ-00029-00020022-00020652": "air tightness minimizing cold bridging and reducing overheating through solar shading", "3myTdqno0HQ-00030-00020874-00021232": "here's a look at the plan thank you [Music]", "3myTdqno0HQ-00031-00022968-00023030": "foreign [Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "3mM8RXz4f3Q", "text": {"3mM8RXz4f3Q-00000-00000030-00000200": "Hello, okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00001-00012860-00013160": "Okay, can you hear me?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00002-00013910-00014280": "Hello. Okay. Good afternoon everyone.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00003-00015300-00015790": "so, it's great seeing you guys and welcome to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00004-00015960-00016560": "Your second thermodynamics for a flight thermodynamics to. So you all are in the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00005-00016560-00017150": "right, lecture room, right? Is it far quite thermodynamics to air on mechanical?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00006-00017340-00017520": "Yes, good.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00007-00017760-00018340": "So this is our first lecture and my first time, lecturing in this building. So I", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00008-00018340-00019280": "have issues with these Technologies here, but hopefully we sort out for today. My", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00009-00019280-00019920": "name is Yasser mod Lori. Me is a long name. You can't call Simply called me yassa.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00010-00019950-00020670": "That should be okay. And I'm a senior lecturer in mace.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00011-00020990-00021460": "I'm most at ease deal with thermodynamics. My research is on thermodynamics. My", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00012-00021460-00022150": "lectures was always on thermodynamics, but before coming to, Manchester was working", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00013-00022150-00022820": "at Queen's University Belfast. And again, I was teaching Thermo and propulsion propulsion", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00014-00022820-00023090": "to arrow, and Thermo to Mechanical students.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00015-00023480-00024100": "This lecture after this course is shared between myself and my colleague. Dr. J.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00016-00024100-00024820": "Harush, who will be mostly helping you with the six tutorial sessions.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00017-00024920-00025620": "and with your Labs, although for labs, we have technical support from technicians", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00018-00025830-00026600": "And also number of GTA SA and you will be divided into group of, I don't know, maybe,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00019-00026600-00027339": "five or ten. I think we are nearly 400 something this year if I'm not mistaken and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00020-00027339-00028020": "then we'll be working with one GTA helping you with the labs, may I ask you to please", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00021-00028110-00028700": "sit quickly and come earlier to the lecture. Your I mean, it's a very large", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00022-00028710-00029130": "Um, if you're going to come until to the end of the lecture, if with the disturbing", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00023-00029130-00029610": "for all your classmates. So please make sure that you are arriving to the lecture", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00024-00029650-00029810": "room at to, okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00025-00032160-00032750": "Would you mind closing that door, please? Yeah. Shut the door. Yeah, just one person.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00026-00032850-00033180": "They come in and shut the door. You don't have to go up.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00027-00033550-00033600": "Okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00028-00033990-00034740": "So the main objective in this unit would be, the will be the flowing, your fundamental", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00029-00034740-00035460": "knowledge on thermodynamic. One Terminal 1 and we're trying to analyze some thermodynamic", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00030-00035460-00036330": "Cycles while you're dealing. I think it's six or seven cycles and we will try to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00031-00036330-00036490": "analyze them one by one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00032-00040700-00041040": "If this is my she's my wife tell her that I'm not here, okay?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00033-00041200-00042150": "Please. Okay, I will be dealing with the two sessions will be dedicated to please", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00034-00042150-00042660": "have a seat guys. Okay, excuse me. Have a seat please. Yes. Could you I'm going", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00035-00042660-00043010": "to repeat this again? Could you please try make sure that you're here in the lecture", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00036-00043010-00043530": "on my to, okay, because then until you see it and then prepare them, we start the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00037-00043530-00043720": "lecture at the 2:05. Okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00038-00043940-00044580": "Now, two sessions would be dedicated and reviewing the thermodynamic, one specific", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00039-00044580-00045320": "this lecture. I will be going over the slice with more fast but when we come into", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00040-00045320-00045980": "the thermo to materials and starting looking to Cycles. So we'll have a more piece", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00041-00046050-00046780": "anyway. So for this unit thermodynamics in general so I need you to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00042-00046850-00047330": "maybe if you don't remember those but would be nice if you go back and take a look", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00043-00047330-00047950": "at your thermal one materials, specifically the first and second laws of thermodynamics", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00044-00048150-00048520": "know about the specific heat capacity and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00045-00048630-00049420": "No about thermodynamic diagrams, temperature, entropy pressure-volume, PV, TS diagram", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00046-00049420-00049960": "like this, and also, the concept of entropy and what is entrepreneur will be using", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00047-00049960-00050650": "a lot on true Pig. This parameter when we are analyzing Cycles, let mechanics, we", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00048-00050650-00051130": "don't do that much on fluid mechanics, but the knowledge of fluid mechanics is really", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00049-00051130-00051510": "would be nice to have and also heat transfer.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00050-00051700-00052190": "In this unit, we don't really deal with how heat will be transferred, but we don't", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00051-00052190-00052710": "really underlies the mechanism of heat transfer. What we actually do we are, we", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00052-00052710-00053160": "what we need to know the amount and the value or the amount of heat, which has been", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00053-00053160-00053620": "transferred from one medium to another medium. So, the amount of heat which has", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00054-00053620-00054140": "been transfers needed, but it would be nice if you know, how heat can potentially", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00055-00054140-00054610": "transfer between two medium conduction, convection or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00056-00054629-00054740": "or radiation.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00057-00055060-00055540": "So the aim is is mentioned that we will be looking into different thermodynamic", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00058-00055540-00056429": "Cycles. We start with the steam cycle or rankine cycle and then we will be looking", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00059-00056429-00056590": "into gas power Cycles.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00060-00056760-00057570": "Refrigeration and heat pump will be also giving also touch on those Cycles as well.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00061-00057690-00058170": "So we'll be mostly using mathematical formula again. Don't worry about mathematics,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00062-00058170-00058870": "it would be mostly first and second law of Thermodynamics and trying to analyze", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00063-00058870-00059520": "the system in terms of my most either performance and also understanding how we", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00064-00059520-00059660": "can improve the performance.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00065-00059670-00060250": "Or months efficiency of the Cycles by controlling the system parameters such as", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00066-00060250-00060450": "pressure temperature.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00067-00060679-00061170": "And as I mentioned, we will be mostly using first and second law of Thermodynamics,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00068-00061410-00062029": "there are textbooks. What I will be delivering to you in the lecture materials,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00069-00062100-00062850": "those are enough for you to be prepared for the exams. However, I recommend you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00070-00062850-00063529": "to take a look at the text books which are available in the, in the, in the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00071-00063540-00064229": "Library the examples and teaching materials comes from different sources, different", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00072-00064229-00065040": "textbooks. So it's a mixture of those but that book there and thermodynamics engineering", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00073-00065040-00065710": "approach, 9th Edition by human essential, some substantial Central follower. I think", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00074-00065710-00066210": "that's a good one. This is going to be your main textbook. I'm assuming that you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00075-00066210-00066510": "have. You were using this one for your thermal one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00076-00066540-00066600": "Correct.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00077-00066800-00067470": "Yes. So we'll be using the. Another textbook is also about more honest, more Anna,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00078-00067470-00068060": "Shapiro, fundamental thermodynamics. When I was an undergrad, many years ago, I", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00079-00068060-00068860": "was using this one and believe me or not. I solve all problems in that thermodynamic", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00080-00068860-00069710": "book to prepare for the exam thermal ones were moved to all of them. Yeah but here", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00081-00069710-00069730": "you don't", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00082-00069740-00070280": "Not have to deal with them all all these lectures and all the materials are available", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00083-00070280-00070860": "on blackboard, assuming that you can see the materials on the Blackboard, right?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00084-00071050-00071760": "Yes. Okay. And you can also have access to the textbook through cortex or the library", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00085-00071760-00072640": "that page, huh? Okay. So the topics that we will be covering basic thermodynamics", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00086-00072640-00073330": "will I will be mostly dedicating to lectures, two sessions that and the vapor power", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00087-00073330-00073880": "Cycles or ranking Cycles. Again, two lectures, I will not be covering all power", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00088-00073880-00074010": "Cycles context here.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00089-00074130-00074710": "Because of thing for your a mix of air and mechanical. So I had to make it balance", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00090-00074710-00075500": "between the Cycles which would be more relevant to your cohort. So mechanical then", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00091-00075530-00076210": "if you do the term of three in your third year, you will be giving more cycle for", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00092-00076220-00076970": "waivers. But gas turbines, both industrial and Aerospace application will be looking", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00093-00076970-00077080": "into those. It's a", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00094-00077090-00077560": "Skating engines such as internal combustion engines and and Refrigeration Cycles.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00095-00077770-00078390": "So, similar motor, most of the other units, 80% is an exam and 20% or labs and Report", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00096-00078430-00078770": "you will be submitting exam.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00097-00079100-00079840": "There would be three or four questions for the final exam from the cycles that we", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00098-00079840-00080790": "will be looking into. I cannot tell you which cycle you will be assessed based on", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00099-00080790-00081210": "because I cannot assess you for all the Cycles with the selective. Yet you need", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00100-00081210-00081680": "to be prepared for the exam from all the lectures that we will be giving to you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00101-00081690-00082060": "right at timetable has been prepared.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00102-00082080-00082850": "it's also uploaded on the Blackboard, I think your laughs or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00103-00082990-00083670": "I don't know if they are sometimes in February a start but again GTA san dr. Ajay", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00104-00083670-00084290": "will be helping you with are urging for an orangey for the labs, right? There's", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00105-00084290-00084890": "a deadline to submit your lab report, which is actually group report and that says", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00106-00085000-00085280": "tells of met at 5 p.m.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00107-00085500-00085680": "Okay, any question.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00108-00085850-00085910": "Yes, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00109-00086030-00086070": "Yes.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00110-00086840-00087140": "Oh gosh, I cannot hear you to be honest. Can you speak a bit louder?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00111-00088130-00088890": "I hear you. Okay, are you okay? And no we will not be dealing with those in this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00112-00088890-00089450": "unit cut. This is thermodynamic you need but I think for third or fourth year you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00113-00089450-00090000": "will have a unit called heat transfer and you will be or maybe you had in your one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00114-00090000-00090290": "Have you had any that transfer unit here? One, I don't think so.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00115-00090440-00091130": "Okay, we don't really need them if you know would be okay, but we really don't use", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00116-00091130-00091180": "them.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00117-00091450-00091890": "I'm going to say it for the third time guys. Please make sure you're in the leg.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00118-00091900-00092010": "Let him join.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00119-00092150-00092590": "Yes, it's taking off the headset. Could you please make sure you arrive into the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00120-00092590-00093350": "lecture. Hall are two. It is now 2:15 and you're still coming to the lecture room.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00121-00093350-00093640": "It would be disturbing for the session.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00122-00093800-00094260": "Nobody listens to me. Yeah, sorry, let me finish this one. Are we okay with your", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00123-00094260-00094520": "question? You mentioned you have to because she was the second one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00124-00095070-00095370": "Say it again. Beat the lovely for a group work. Yes, yes they are.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00125-00095630-00096040": "Why. I mean, is it something that you have comments on? You're not happy with the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00126-00096280-00096330": "Okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00127-00096490-00096850": "Yes, please do that. That gentleman was the second person. Go ahead", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00128-00097750-00097800": "Mmm.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00129-00097980-00098920": "What the hell? Tutorials are and Fridays.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00130-00099040-00099480": "And the lectures on Thursdays. But yeah, I should have met.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00131-00099880-00100310": "Yeah, that's not 9th of February. Hey, Jay, and I checked it three times and we", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00132-00100310-00100810": "didn't notice that we should have checked with you before, uploading this. Now over.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00133-00100810-00101250": "I will correct that. Thanks, thanks so much. Would you mind emailing me about this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00134-00101250-00101700": "guy? Keep forgetting this will you do that please? Yeah, do it and I will update", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00135-00101700-00102070": "it tonight the lecture and on blackboard. Yes, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00136-00102730-00103080": "Because sorry, I didn't hear you quiet, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00137-00103909-00104350": "Oh yes. Yes, we will be doing basic Thermo. I mean, but I mean, lecture is actually", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00138-00104350-00105040": "session. One thing I should mention is that or that is very important and I need", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00139-00105040-00105800": "you to listen to me very carefully. Your tutorial sessions are one hour long but", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00140-00105800-00106400": "thermodyne analyzing thermodynamic cycles and lecturing that it takes more than", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00141-00106400-00106850": "one hour to analyze the cycle from A to B specifically when we do.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00142-00106870-00107490": "Deal with the gas turbines or turbojet engines. It takes much longer than that.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00143-00107490-00107880": "That's why I'm editor mode that you will. I will be teaching you the, in the lectures", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00144-00107909-00108720": "it includes dealing with solving problems. Now there is that's why sometimes or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00145-00108720-00109140": "some of the lectures we may not really finish. Let's say Vapor Cycles into it might", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00146-00109140-00109630": "take two and a half sessions or the other ones but it should be more or less like", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00147-00109630-00109859": "this. Hopefully it depend on.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00148-00109870-00110390": "On how you guys actually follow me depend on what time you come to lecture like", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00149-00110390-00110709": "today, if you're going to, you're going to wait, 20 minutes, everybody come to the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00150-00110709-00111240": "lecture. Certainly I won't be able to deliver everything in one session, so and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00151-00111240-00111859": "also a lot of factors involved. But I do my best to follow this plan.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00152-00112259-00112340": "Is that okay?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00153-00112640-00112730": "Any more questions?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00154-00112980-00113530": "Nope, okay, now let's now go.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00155-00113720-00113780": "Pepsi.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00156-00114400-00114950": "I will go very quickly over this one on the basics of thermodynamics the bar. You", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00157-00114950-00115740": "can't take a look at your Dynamic text books, or that the takes here. We know that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00158-00115740-00116470": "actually thermodynamics is actually a science of Science of energy. And as you know,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00159-00116470-00116650": "energy is actually the ability of", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00160-00116740-00117309": "making a causing change. And the third name, thermodynamic comes from a Greek quartermaine's", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00161-00117309-00117970": "heat and Dynamics means power, right? This is actually what we do. We dealing with", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00162-00117970-00118590": "the conservation of energy, this is a very important and the first rule a low that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00163-00118590-00119120": "we use, which is actually based on the first law of thermodynamics is based on that.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00164-00119120-00119490": "So conservation, energy says, energy doesn't actually store. It just goes from one", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00165-00119650-00119700": "form to another", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00166-00119720-00120220": "Therefore and the first law of thermodynamics effectively an expression of this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00167-00120220-00120970": "energy conservation, right? So the second law of Thermodynamics is also very interesting,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00168-00121009-00121580": "let me ask put it that way. If I tell you that somebody's waiting outside and it", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00169-00121580-00122040": "says that I have 1 Mega watt of energy in the back of my truck.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00170-00122130-00122490": "Would you like to take it or not? What will your answer be?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00171-00123109-00123150": "Again.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00172-00123800-00124150": "But what is actually energy per unit time? Yes.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00173-00124590-00124750": "Yeah, it's radius, that's correct.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00174-00124850-00125359": "So what would your answer would be? If somebody says that I have a dinner one megawatt", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00175-00125359-00125600": "energy in the back of my truck. Would you take it or not?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00176-00125780-00126030": "Say something yes. Or no. Yes please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00177-00126290-00126370": "It is what?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00178-00126750-00127440": "Yeah, okay from thermodynamic point of view. Okay. My question is can you make use", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00179-00127440-00127580": "of 1 Mega watt of energy?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00180-00128030-00128520": "Excellent. That's actually that's a very good point. That's where the second law", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00181-00128520-00129100": "of Thermodynamics comes in. It says that energy in addition to his quantity. It", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00182-00129100-00129700": "also has a quality. So one megawatt at the temperature of let's say 20 degrees C", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00183-00129700-00130309": "is of no use for us. But one, megawatt-hour, the turn temperature of 500 degrees", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00184-00130309-00130750": "C. That's totally different because you can use that high-quality energy and generate", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00185-00130750-00130809": "power.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00186-00130840-00131370": "Electricity. That's why the second law says, is that the mean? It's not only the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00187-00131370-00132060": "quantity to Quality is also important. So that's the phenomena that occur actually", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00188-00132060-00132440": "in the direction that the quality of the energy also decreases. So there are two", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00189-00132440-00132910": "ways that we can lock in to analyze thermodynamic cycle. One of the classical thermodynamics.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00190-00132910-00133400": "So we don't really care about how the molecules are in track at the molecular level.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00191-00133420-00133760": "We look into the park or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00192-00133840-00134280": "Should have molecules and how they behave in a system. Which I will explain what", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00193-00134280-00134740": "we mean by System but they statistical thermodynamics actually dealing with the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00194-00134740-00135310": "behavior of the individual molecules or particles. You know that there's statistical", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00195-00135310-00135790": "thermodynamics would be more accurate because you look into very fine. Particles", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00196-00135790-00136540": "scale analyzing them but would be very costly in terms of very expensive, way of", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00197-00136540-00136810": "analyzing the system, classical", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00198-00136830-00137720": "One is could be less less accurate, but it is not that less difficult and less time-consuming.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00199-00137770-00138360": "Especially when you deal with the thermodynamic cycle, but you have few components", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00200-00138360-00139320": "involved, such as compressor, turbine boiler, or combustion chamber condenser statistical", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00201-00139320-00139730": "thermodynamics would be very difficult to analyze this. That's why you look into", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00202-00139730-00139810": "classical one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00203-00139890-00140300": "You've done more or less the same in your thermodynamic one you will be using a", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00204-00140300-00140830": "classical thermodynamics for that and the same we do here in terms of to so system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00205-00140860-00141360": "We Define system the thermodynamic as a region or a body which is our interest and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00206-00141360-00142170": "we're going to analyze that that body is called system. Anything beyond that? That", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00207-00142170-00142690": "system we looking into school surrounding right. And we also Define a boundary which", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00208-00142690-00142810": "is actually a", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00209-00142970-00143580": "And an imaginary surface that we draw around our system. We differentiate that from", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00210-00143580-00144110": "the boundary is called and what sorry from the surroundings called boundary. Look", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00211-00144110-00144630": "at this, look, if you look at the gas in here, if you don't need to analyze, the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00212-00144630-00145300": "gas behavior in this cylinder, piston configuration. If I draw a line here, this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00213-00145300-00145640": "dash line around this. This is the boundary is that each line?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00214-00146020-00146480": "So this dash line here is the boundary and outside the surrounding and inside the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00215-00146480-00147110": "gonna be my system system, could be, we have two types of system thermodynamics.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00216-00147110-00147430": "One of them is a closed system. Tell me what's closed system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00217-00147540-00147730": "Thermal one, but it's closed system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00218-00148020-00148360": "That's correct. Well done is actually. Oh yes. Yes.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00219-00148640-00148870": "Let me know what.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00220-00149210-00149900": "The other way only heat let's say only energy can transfer a cross the boundary", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00221-00149900-00150610": "you got fifty percent. Correct so only energy can transfer. Yes please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00222-00151720-00152450": "Isolated system. Yes. Yes, there is. Yeah, well do but yeah. But here what we mean", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00223-00152450-00152990": "by closed system is actually as it is a system that energy can transfer a cross", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00224-00152990-00153770": "the boundary but Mass cannot very similar to this cylinder and piston configuration", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00225-00153770-00154410": "you see here, right? When you add heat to the gas inside, these the chamber, the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00226-00154410-00154630": "Piston go up and down so actually he", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00227-00154650-00155210": "Will be added to the system and the pissed since the Piston moves up, thermodynamic", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00228-00155210-00155760": "if you say that work is done, but the amount of mass inside doesn't change, that's", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00229-00155760-00156370": "the closed system, right? And in comparison we have an open system where in turmoil", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00230-00156370-00156940": "to we will be dealing with mostly open systems in addition to energy Mass can also", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00231-00156940-00157460": "transfer across the boundary of the system. Such as a nozzle or turbine or compressor,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00232-00157520-00157630": "they deal with heat", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00233-00157640-00158090": "They did with work or energy at the same time, mask comes in on mass leaves the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00234-00158090-00158670": "system, all right? You also define properties, exactly, characteristic of a system", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00235-00158700-00159290": "that we're dealing with the pressure temperature density, we also have intensive", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00236-00159290-00159890": "properties. Those where the property of the system is not the function of size or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00237-00159890-00160190": "mass of the system such as pressure, temperature and density.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00238-00160340-00160860": "In comparison, we also have extensive properties where the property of the system", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00239-00160870-00161190": "is a function of size such as volume. Many of you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00240-00161310-00161820": "Don't know if this is my mobile. It has a mass. If I break it to to to mass would", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00241-00161820-00162230": "be divided to two. Right? What if it has a temperature of let's say 20 degrees C?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00242-00162230-00162670": "If I make it to, to each piece, going to have a temperature of 20 degrees C. Hence,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00243-00162690-00163090": "temperature is not a function of size and that's going to be an intensive property.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00244-00163160-00163710": "And so what is expense? A specific property will be using this term. A lot is actually", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00245-00163740-00164260": "extensive property per unit Mass such as volume volume is actually", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00246-00164270-00164800": "really an extensive property because it depends on the size. What if you divide", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00247-00164800-00165440": "the volume by mass of the system is called a specific volume and that's going to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00248-00165440-00165560": "be a specific property.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00249-00165670-00166180": "So we'll be dealing with the specific volume specific arm faulty specific, internal", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00250-00166180-00166850": "energy, specific entropy. Okay? I'm sure that you've done this interval 1 density", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00251-00166860-00167600": "is mass per volume and specific volume is reversed for entropy is actually V over", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00252-00167600-00168280": "em or volume over Mass process and cycle. So, you know, I'm sure you remember that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00253-00168280-00168630": "will be using cycle, mostly what we will be analyzing processes.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00254-00168720-00169220": "So any chain from a system, if a system goes from one equilibrium state to another", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00255-00169220-00169930": "equilibrium state is called process right now? If that system undergoes many processes", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00256-00169940-00170470": "but eventually it comes back to where the system was that's called the psych, for", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00257-00170470-00170830": "example, here, you see that we go from 1 to 2? This is called a process.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00258-00170950-00171380": "But here we go from 1 to 2, 2 to 3, 3 4 and then comes back to one that's going", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00259-00171380-00171870": "to be a psych. But this is an example of Brighton, cycle for gas turbine.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00260-00171990-00172460": "Now for a long two, other friend just mentioned about the definition of the systems.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00261-00172510-00172960": "We will use in many of these terms isothermal process. Can I can somebody tell you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00262-00172960-00173130": "what is an isothermal process?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00263-00173360-00173420": "Yes, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00264-00174090-00174680": "That's very good. Yes. You want say same thing? Right. Okay. Well done to both of", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00265-00174680-00175450": "you soon. He actually spend energy. You might going to pay him. What is an isobaric", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00266-00175450-00176000": "process? Then you can go for that one. Isobaric. Fantastic.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00267-00176100-00176530": "Say faith. And then in a process where the pressure doesn't change. I'm your server", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00268-00176530-00176920": "eyes are toric. Did I pronounce it correctly? Or is it Corey called you pronounce", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00269-00176920-00177300": "it as a correct? We don't have as a toric know.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00270-00177500-00178020": "You guys have enough English proficiency to come in to select your right? The native", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00271-00178020-00178520": "English speaker like me so isochoric. Okay, what that process is.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00272-00178630-00179270": "Excellent. But the volume remains constant, you also have adiabatic. So adiabatic", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00273-00179270-00179330": "process.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00274-00179700-00180280": "Fantastic. Yes heat is not be transferred across the boundary or the tree during", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00275-00180280-00180920": "that process is called isobaric. Yeah. Now very important assumption that we make", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00276-00180960-00181540": "in analyzing thermal cycle is that you can look into the processes in different", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00277-00181540-00182190": "term to be in two ways to be a steady state, or transient a city said process. Do", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00278-00182190-00182300": "you remember what that was?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00279-00182450-00182940": "Excellent. It's a process wherein the property of the system doesn't change with", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00280-00182940-00183270": "time. So property are not time dependent.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00281-00183430-00183830": "What? In reality, the property actually changes with time. So let me give you an", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00282-00183830-00184470": "example. For example, the temperature in this in the, in the hole, right? If it", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00283-00184470-00184890": "takes, only one value for the temple assume, they see thermal equilibrium everywhere.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00284-00185140-00185710": "The temperature going to be 20 degrees C, or 30 degrees C, if in one hour or ten", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00285-00185710-00186110": "minutes, whatever. If you come back and measure the temperature if they still 20", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00286-00186110-00186330": "degrees C or 30 degree C. That means that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00287-00186340-00186450": "Since steady-state process.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00288-00186580-00186980": "If something happened outside, it's raining snowing or you add heat to this room,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00289-00186980-00187480": "the temperature still 20 after some time, so that means a city-state. But remember", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00290-00187480-00187990": "that in reality within the system, the temperature might change with position. For", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00291-00187990-00188470": "example, up there and what you don't know 40 degrees C down here, going to be 10", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00292-00188470-00189100": "degrees C. So within a system, the temperature property can change with position.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00293-00189120-00189510": "What if you come back one hour later or any are any anytime after", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00294-00189600-00190130": "That is the C 4 T and here is still 10 that Mississippi State. Although, this is", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00295-00190130-00190620": "not, this is not the case in reality. I mean, that most of the real estate system,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00296-00190620-00191090": "they would be transient, but there are systems operate on the city-state base. Let", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00297-00191090-00191460": "me give you another example when you turn on your your car and you're going to drive", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00298-00191460-00191930": "and then let's go go to Bear man gum and while you're in the city your ass feet", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00299-00191930-00192400": "might vary over time, right? You're in the transient or time-dependent period. But", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00300-00192400-00192560": "when you got to the motor where you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00301-00192570-00192960": "You will be going at the, the constant speed, I don't know, 100 miles per hour,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00302-00192980-00193460": "so that would be a steady state. So you reached into this city state process. Now,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00303-00193460-00193970": "the main assumption that we make here, in terms of to is that all the processes", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00304-00193970-00194450": "that we have within different components of the cycle or system, they operate under", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00305-00194450-00194620": "STD State basis.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00306-00194720-00195420": "Okay. So accordingly to the city-state process will be dealing with turbans compressors.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00307-00195420-00195950": "We assume their sadistic. This is an example here. If this is my control volume", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00308-00195950-00196590": "or open system, a city state says, if 10 kilograms of mass comes into the system,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00309-00196640-00197230": "10 kg should leave. The should not be any accumulation of mass inside the system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00310-00197240-00197670": "The same applies to energy, right? If one unit of energy comes in,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00311-00197700-00198170": "Unit should leave right? That would be cities. So the process that you guys to this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00312-00198170-00198740": "lecture room that I have to actually monitor for 30 minutes. So during the 30 minutes", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00313-00198740-00199210": "time, the mass in the lecture-room was changing, right? You started so we having", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00314-00199210-00199680": "people coming one by one, one by one. So that's actually is it a city state or unsteady", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00315-00199680-00199730": "process?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00316-00199910-00199940": "See.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00317-00200160-00200550": "Yeah, you can say yes honestly because the number of people in the lecture room", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00318-00200550-00200880": "is increasing even after 30 minutes.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00319-00200970-00201760": "That's very transient process, right? Very transient. So I'm hoping that from now", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00320-00201760-00202580": "on 2:30 on to it for probably we will be dealing with a steady state system are", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00321-00202640-00203220": "no more mass will come some of you might leave the still going to be an honesty", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00322-00203220-00203510": "process. What let's say during the next half an hour, which we are going to. I'm", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00323-00203510-00203930": "going to give you a break time, then the system is this steady? Hopefully.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00324-00204150-00204610": "Now boys law, you know that says the volume and pressure are could be an inverse", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00325-00204610-00205180": "relationship on the constant pressure process or Charles Lewis has that for a constant", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00326-00205180-00205640": "pressure. Sorry for constant, temperature is a boy, slow. And Charter says, under", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00327-00205640-00206019": "constant pressure, the volume and temperature are inversely proportional. And then", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00328-00206019-00206500": "accordingly, we can Define the state of equation. Says that P over V is constant", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00329-00206500-00206950": "or PV equal to MRT. So we will be using this equation. A lot while we're dealing", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00330-00206950-00206990": "with the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00331-00207090-00207819": "Gas power cycles. And you know that in aerodynamics that V PV is equal to RT. V.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00332-00207819-00208530": "Just rearrange the equation. We can write it. 2 EP / role to brt and row is actually", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00333-00208610-00209180": "the density. So it's an ideal gas law. But on different presentation.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00334-00209380-00209919": "Now, heat and work. There are two very important. Actually, processed our parameter", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00335-00209919-00210410": "will be using thermodynamics heat is actually form of energy transferred it into", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00336-00210410-00211060": "system. As a result of temperature difference, we have actually a specific heat,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00337-00211060-00211430": "which is going to be the total heat divided by mass and the unit is kilojoule per", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00338-00211430-00212030": "kg. So we'll be using this term a lot. The same applies to work and also a specific", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00339-00212030-00212319": "work which is a w divided by m. And again,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00340-00212340-00212790": "Going to be kilojoule per kg. I know that you have done this in thermal one. We", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00341-00212790-00213369": "also have these agreements of the sign convention. If a heat added to the system,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00342-00213380-00213850": "we take it positive and he'd been rejected. We take it has to be negative. And the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00343-00213850-00214360": "other way around for work, the work been taken from a system is positive and the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00344-00214360-00215050": "word given to the system is - all right. For example, in turbine turbine produced", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00345-00215050-00215310": "power for us, it gives work to us.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00346-00215330-00215930": "So for Turbo and work is positive power for compressor. It requires work to do the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00347-00215930-00216510": "compression for us and that their work would be negative term thermodynamically.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00348-00216790-00217390": "This is again a very interesting the way that we can link what your conventional", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00349-00217390-00218250": "understanding of workers and Link it to thermodynamic work, if I can make a notation", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00350-00218250-00218650": "here, let's see. Yes.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00351-00218850-00219419": "Are you still with me guys tired? Nope, good.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00352-00219650-00220480": "So you know that but by definition work, is actually is a force times distance move.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00353-00220480-00220810": "If you if you imagine I take the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00354-00220969-00221280": "Gas whatever. Inside the cylinder piston is my system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00355-00221430-00221910": "And you should, you would love my handwriting. So that's the best I can do guys.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00356-00221910-00222390": "Always get this comment at the end, but it's very much like my age. You know, cannot", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00357-00222390-00223200": "say that I'm more than 30 but and this is a piston, right? If I just add a force", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00358-00223200-00223619": "here and move the piston for a distance of Delta X or DX,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00359-00223740-00223950": "the gas will exert a pressure on the piston.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00360-00224160-00224700": "So the force is actually going to be pressure times area that the pressure times", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00361-00224700-00225150": "the area of the cylinder. So sorry area the center or the area of the Piston, you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00362-00225150-00225690": "agree with me on FPA and those, so Delta X is actually the distance that would be", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00363-00225730-00226310": "the work done during this short distance. If I rearrange, that means I take a and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00364-00226310-00226900": "right the Disco I'm skip, the P here is going to be P adx area times. This stunt", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00365-00226900-00226940": "is", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00366-00227219-00227850": "So it's going to be P DV or if you take the integral work going to be pressure time,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00367-00227850-00228319": "changing volume. So it's very interesting. It says that thermodynamically, if the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00368-00228319-00228919": "volume of your system, if it doesn't change, then the word no work will be done.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00369-00229019-00229810": "And that's why we say that we have expansion in turbines or they call expander.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00370-00229850-00230069": "The reason is that because gas", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00371-00230080-00230550": "Pan's gas expansion. Means the volume increases and the volume Rises you. Get the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00372-00230550-00231169": "work from the system for power from the system for compressor. Again, the gas is", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00373-00231169-00231990": "compressed, so it's actually the volume decreases work is done there but the, the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00374-00231990-00232480": "work there is - what if you have a system where in the volume doesn't change, then", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00375-00232480-00232730": "that would be the no work will be done or be given.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00376-00232980-00233030": "Okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00377-00233150-00233219": "Any question.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00378-00233360-00233890": "Now lets us chairman interesting one was in job interview years ago. When I was", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00379-00233890-00234250": "graduated from the crowd and the company asked me, what's the difference between", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00380-00234250-00234550": "a pump and a compressor? The see this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00381-00234710-00235169": "valid, your first-year knowledge difference between the pump and a compressor or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00382-00235169-00235290": "similarity between them,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00383-00235440-00235500": "Yes, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00384-00239160-00240119": "Excellent. Excellent well. So I agree with the little friend that both of them,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00385-00240119-00240960": "they actually increase pressure. Let's say so both also need work, but the difference", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00386-00240960-00241480": "between them is from the application. Can somebody says, except you please I know,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00387-00241480-00241619": "you know, the answer for some of us.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00388-00241700-00242060": "That's a similar to say, they both increase the pressure, right?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00389-00242200-00242340": "What what the difference is?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00390-00242660-00243240": "I mean, you cannot really use compressor to deal with liquids. Right compressors", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00391-00243240-00243719": "deals with gases and Palmdale speed actually liquids. Yes, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00392-00244469-00244950": "Exactly compressor deals with, actually, we compressing the gas itself and hence,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00393-00244950-00245360": "raising the pressure. But for gas, I would say. When you say move your increase", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00394-00245360-00245950": "their head of the of your working, fluid us why you have a high pressure. Okay,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00395-00246010-00246660": "now enthalpy is, and a very important parameter will be using in thermodynamics.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00396-00246660-00247090": "Sometimes we deal with the combination of some thermodynamic properties, and in", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00397-00247090-00247169": "this case, we do,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00398-00247180-00247910": "With the internal energy pressure and volume. Right? This internal energy pressure", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00399-00247910-00248269": "and volume. If you combine them all together, it will be on top P. We will be using", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00400-00248269-00248790": "mostly specific on topic which is actually the total enthalpy divided by mass of", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00401-00248790-00249700": "the system, right? That's so far here, any more questions on this thermal one stuff?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00402-00249710-00249740": "Nope.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00403-00250019-00250480": "Let's do a bit on. Let's take it more to the person. Next month are the first law", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00404-00250480-00250919": "of thermodynamics. Okay, I'm going to play a video here before I go full screen.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00405-00250919-00251410": "It doesn't play at the gentleman came in to help me but didn't help. But I'm going", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00406-00251410-00251930": "to play this video and I would like you to tell me how why this is happening, okay?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00407-00252050-00252419": "I showed this to my son is also 7 years old and he loved it very much.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00408-00252519-00253000": "So let's see if I get the similar Joy from you guys. Have you seen this before?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00409-00253110-00253180": "Thermal one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00410-00253760-00253780": "Here.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00411-00257880-00258369": "So the poacher inside another thing, converted to twist gas for request occupied", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00412-00258369-00258600": "the whole Barrel.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00413-00258780-00259100": "I don't want to do it. That's fine.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00414-00259580-00259669": "Squeeze.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00415-00260010-00260080": "Insurance.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00416-00261200-00261869": "Patient, trying to cool this down. See what happens? I don't think is going to help", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00417-00261869-00262990": "get that and I thought, oh my God.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00418-00263590-00263930": "Now, throw the throw some water on it.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00419-00264380-00265690": "I'll just grab the ice Union with your hands that is so wimpy.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00420-00266620-00266670": "Do it.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00421-00268700-00269000": "Okay. Any idea? Why is this so", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00422-00269320-00269570": "I've got Mike to you. You keep your answer anyone else?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00423-00269780-00269830": "No.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00424-00270150-00270220": "Yes, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00425-00270980-00271640": "Exactly. Pressure difference is the reason I agree. And why? Why why your pressure", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00426-00271640-00271690": "drop?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00427-00272500-00272960": "Excellent. So okay. You go ahead please. I'm going to hear. I would like to hear", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00428-00272960-00273040": "your answer.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00429-00273190-00273680": "Hello. Yes, please. Yeah, you raise your hand right. I'm gonna also hear your answer.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00430-00276610-00277400": "Accident accident. Your hands are. Okay. Right good. You did it very yeah. Thanks.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00431-00277400-00277780": "Thanks both of you. Okay, side comes back. So we'll come back to this house. Really", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00432-00277780-00278170": "more last link to the first law of thermodynamics which actually says that the energy", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00433-00278170-00278680": "coming to the system minus the energy leaving the system is equal to the change", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00434-00278680-00279180": "of the energy inside the system or Delta s system which is equation that I'm showing", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00435-00279180-00279400": "the but the energy of a system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00436-00279420-00279930": "Mm could be having different forms. So we like to see that it's giving the form", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00437-00279930-00280440": "of internal energy of you or the kinetic energy or the potential energy of the system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00438-00280530-00281130": "Internal energy of the system is actually is an microscopic form of energy at the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00439-00281130-00281730": "molecular level. Right? So it deals with the internal kinetic energy, potential", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00440-00281730-00282260": "energy, or bitten at the molecular level that we all comes in the category of internal", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00441-00282260-00282310": "energy.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00442-00282420-00282980": "For a closed system that we were just describing. That is a system where we can", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00443-00282980-00283540": "Mask doesn't leave or coming to the system except for energy. And remember that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00444-00283540-00283950": "the two forms of energy that are in thermodynamic will believe that they can across", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00445-00283950-00284380": "the boundary or heat and work. So, these are two forms of energy that are crossed", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00446-00284380-00284780": "a boundary, either for open or closed system. However, Court closed system there.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00447-00284780-00285250": "Only this only energy that Heats and work can go in and out. There is no mass at", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00448-00285250-00285400": "such, the first law of thermodynamics.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00449-00285410-00286000": "Madonna Mia is written in that form that Q in or qnet minus W. Net is equal to Delta", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00450-00286000-00286480": "e of system and can be written in a different form. So, if you get this right, this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00451-00286480-00287480": "Delta e in terms of internal energy in terms of this, is this pain? Yeah, this could", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00452-00287480-00287970": "be written in internal energy, kinetic energy and potential energy and if the system", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00453-00287970-00288400": "is a stationary, it doesn't move actually your internal", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00454-00288420-00289080": "Kinetic energy or 0 and hence could be Delta U, right? I'm course written in this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00455-00289100-00289550": "differential form and also maybe eat that's for the sorry for per unit mass or a", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00456-00289550-00290110": "specific form. And this is in the differential form right now. I'm going to tell", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00457-00290110-00290620": "you, I usually have the cup of coffee or something. In me, for example, this bottle", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00458-00290620-00291400": "here right assume that it's a mass of gas or liquid inside, right? Remember that.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00459-00291410-00292020": "That the internal energy deals with the kinetic and potential energy of the molecules", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00460-00292020-00292760": "inside this system. That's part of this Delta U. However, this system is a stationary,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00461-00292780-00293230": "it doesn't move. It doesn't get any velocity as a whole, or it doesn't lift up or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00462-00293230-00293880": "down. And that's why I Delta K and Delta PE for the system or zero while molecules", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00463-00293880-00294320": "inside. They could have a change in kinetic energy and potential energy but that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00464-00294320-00294400": "is Will Come.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00465-00294410-00295020": "I'm into this form of internal energy or you. Are we clear here? The difference", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00466-00295020-00295440": "between these two sets? Yes.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00467-00295550-00296210": "I use you bought them as an example now, so that's the force. Now, we're looking", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00468-00296210-00296670": "to the first of our open system, remember that in open system. The first thing that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00469-00296670-00297160": "we need to make sure is a mass balance. Remember that we mentioned the main assumption", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00470-00297160-00297800": "here. Is that the system. The process are a steady state means. There would be no", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00471-00297800-00298430": "mass or energy accumulation within the system. That's why the first, the mass balance", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00472-00298430-00298460": "or the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00473-00298520-00298990": "UT says that mass coming into the system should be equal to the Mass live in the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00474-00298990-00299720": "system, okay. So Sigma m dot in should be equal to Sigma m dot out and thermodynamically", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00475-00299720-00299970": "also we would say that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00476-00300260-00300940": "The heat in - each one is work which are the energy at the boundary should be called", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00477-00300940-00301380": "to the amount of heat energy leaving the system. Minus the amount of energy coming", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00478-00301380-00302090": "to the system, right? The term Sigma, it's actually represent multiple inputs or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00479-00302090-00302680": "multiple outputs from the system. However, most of the, I'm actually all the system", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00480-00302680-00303090": "that will be looking into it. The circus will be looking into or each individual", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00481-00303090-00303260": "component such as turbine compressor.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00482-00303270-00303900": "Several pumps. They have one Inlet and one Outlet. That's what we can drop the sigma.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00483-00304020-00304470": "And since the system is city state such as turbine, whatever must comes in the same", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00484-00304470-00305050": "mass will leave the system. Thus for this m dot can also be taken out of this coma.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00485-00305090-00305590": "I would be simplified in the form of the second equation that I have here, right?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00486-00306660-00307290": "So, for a, for, if this is the the turbine that you have expansion in, right? The", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00487-00307290-00307870": "gas is coming at am since it's under steady state system, the same m dot should,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00488-00307870-00308470": "leave the system. However, the the flow that comes into the system, it has its own", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00489-00308470-00308960": "energies but energy in and it's also has the energy leaving us. So it's going to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00490-00308960-00309150": "be e e dot out. Sorry.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00491-00309350-00309900": "And this be in is actually written in the form of here. This is the energy coming", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00492-00309900-00309980": "to the system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00493-00310150-00311050": "And the EA out, is this term here. Now, in addition to the masses in and out, they", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00494-00311050-00311610": "transfer energy, energy or heat can also be transferred through the boundary of", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00495-00311610-00311670": "the system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00496-00311870-00312400": "At the same time actually a turbine produced work for us work. So we get W power", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00497-00312400-00312530": "from the from the system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00498-00312630-00313550": "So the have four sources of energy, the heat the work energy leaving energy coming", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00499-00313550-00314110": "in, so this should be in one form of in the form of conservation of energy. But", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00500-00314110-00314700": "as I said, we have one Inlet and only one out there, so this Sigma term can be dropped.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00501-00314760-00315180": "And since the mass coming in, is they call to the mass rate leaving the system,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00502-00315200-00315590": "so we can have only one and Dot here. So if I rearrange these two weeks,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00503-00315610-00316170": "Come up with this equation here. Now, this is per unit, mass is all per unit Mass", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00504-00316170-00316620": "so this m dot has been coming here. This is not let me take this.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00505-00317120-00317700": "So if I take this m dot 2 here so it's going to be Q dot over m dot w dot over and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00506-00317700-00318490": "dots, going to be a small q, small W and the sky here. Remember that for compressors", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00507-00318490-00319160": "and turbines, right? And also for boilers pumps", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00508-00319330-00319820": "The change in the potential energy, kinetic energy and the change in the potential", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00509-00319820-00320300": "energy of the flow coming in and out there negligible compared to the change of", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00510-00320300-00321130": "on faulty. Remember that the gas velocity coming to the turbine. It has a kinetic", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00511-00321130-00321650": "energy with itself and leaving one. There are not the same right there are different", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00512-00321660-00322130": "what this Delta, the difference compared to the difference in their own therapy", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00513-00322130-00322200": "is negligible.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00514-00322210-00322810": "You are such these two could be taken out and we will be having this simple form", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00515-00322810-00323420": "of and first law, which can be written. Let me", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00516-00323540-00323650": "clear this out.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00517-00323810-00324810": "That q- W going to be h 2, minus H 1. So we'll be using this one a lot. Weíll be", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00518-00324820-00325210": "looking into a compressor turbine pump.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00519-00325380-00325460": "Any question.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00520-00325590-00326060": "Sure that you looked into and you analyze them in terms of want. So you want me", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00521-00326060-00326200": "continue? You're going to take a break.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00522-00326580-00327320": "Break. Can we come back at 3 and 6 minutes or let's start at three guys. Okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00523-00329350-00329810": "I just didn't. Listen, what was that? What was the stuff? That was bombed with,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00524-00329810-00330350": "in the barrel in the experiment? Yes, they have put something in the bottle. What", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00525-00330350-00331040": "was it? Oh, the barrel, was some water in this in the barrel. So they added the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00526-00331040-00331630": "added heat it and then the water being converted to wait. Yeah.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00527-00331640-00332340": "Yeah. So we're price inside the barrel and they close the top and they called it", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00528-00332440-00333060": "so because of the pressure difference. Yeah. When you cool it, the volume is constant.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00529-00333220-00334350": "Imagine PV equal to MRT, right? PV M RT. M is constant or is constant temperature?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00530-00334360-00334990": "These constant, this is one body. If you reduce the temperature, you reduce the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00531-00335080-00335940": "pressure inside reduce outside is higher pressure bum. But in this case, I mean,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00532-00335940-00336160": "after the storm, now that volume", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00533-00336210-00336480": "Of the part of the surface difference. Oh,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00534-00337060-00337560": "So in study from resume that mass flow rate in is equal to the mass Rod city-states.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00535-00337560-00338180": "Yeah. Okay you said it change with the sea from discreetly change. In the position,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00536-00338230-00338910": "the division with the Masters. Canelo, I'm saying that at each equilibrium State", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00537-00339010-00339580": "temperature, within the system could be different from one position to another position.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00538-00339580-00339780": "Although thermodynamically", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00539-00339880-00340470": "The assume that a system has temperature everywhere is the same but a city is said", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00540-00340470-00341030": "is not the term use only from a diner. So softly other Sciences such a place I'm", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00541-00341030-00341670": "saying that temperature here is 10 here is 50, right? But if you come back in one", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00542-00341670-00342330": "hour, if you do something in the room, if the sill here is 10 and here is 50, this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00543-00342330-00342840": "is a silly silly estate system. We can assume the flow inside.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00544-00342850-00343410": "Whatever flows going what other devices compressor inside reason, Bond, will come", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00545-00343410-00344050": "from because it's still changing already position for the compressor. Then the flow", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00546-00344050-00344670": "comes or turbine right at different stages of turbine. You have a different pressure", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00547-00344670-00345360": "value, you have different temperature. You have different on top. However, this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00548-00345400-00345790": "temperature is positional volume of air pressure at this position doesn't change", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00549-00345790-00345840": "with time.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00550-00345930-00346910": "It's only changed its position within the yes it is. None could flow is non-uniform", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00551-00346910-00347390": "but the massive mass flow rate in is equal to the mass of it all. Wouldn't the mass", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00552-00347390-00347960": "flow rate of the change? The flow is not uniform. Well non-uniformity actually mean,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00553-00347960-00348540": "if you going to refrain non uniformity to the scientific or fluid mechanics perspective", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00554-00348590-00348870": "is actually is the flow or your, as you said.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00555-00348890-00349510": "Ed coming to the system which all points of your flow has the same velocity. Let's", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00556-00349510-00349680": "say that is for uniform.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00557-00349840-00350360": "Remember that mass flow rate is actually is a mass per unit time, right? Is it kilograms", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00558-00350360-00351050": "per second? So, the mass as a whole whatever must comes into the system. If the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00559-00351050-00351500": "same amount of mass leaves that system at that rate this is called", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00560-00352930-00353460": "Yeah microscopic again you need to Define where in the system you're going to measure", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00561-00353460-00354020": "the mass but this again remember that we Define our system is what the boundary", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00562-00354020-00354730": "that we defined around that. So to do this probability of any particular, maybe", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00563-00354790-00355230": "we're not going but we're not going to deal with my cloud. We don't deal with microscopic", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00564-00355230-00355260": "level.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00565-00356230-00356860": "How can we assume that? Yeah. I mean why are you assuming that? Well if you if you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00566-00356860-00357550": "think about the turbine may be like this, right? As a whole, if I take this point", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00567-00357550-00358060": "of the flow respect to a date. This one too. Is they have a different height or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00568-00358060-00358380": "the velocity velocity here in at the inlet?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00569-00358410-00358970": "Might be 100 meters per second at the exit must be 50 meters per second, right?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00570-00359000-00359850": "100 square. Minus 50 squared, divided by 2, gives you a value for that value compared", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00571-00359850-00360540": "to the change of enthalpy is very smooth. It's negligent for example, if this depth", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00572-00360540-00360980": "of va squared is 1, Delta H is 10", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00573-00361260-00362020": "But remember that for diffusers or four nozzles. We can't make this assumption because", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00574-00362020-00362740": "their main job is changing the velocity if users actually a device, which reduces", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00575-00362740-00363510": "the velocity and also increases their the change in the kinetic energy is bigger", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00576-00363510-00364020": "than the change in office. So we neglect that but we keep the change.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00577-00364040-00364310": "In out. Sorry, the changing together.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00578-00364770-00364820": "Salaam.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00579-00368470-00368530": "Okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00580-00368910-00369050": "Shall be a salt, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00581-00370360-00370420": "Okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00582-00371150-00371780": "Well, another term that would like you to introduce. You is actually a specific", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00583-00371780-00372030": "heat and a specific heat is actually a", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00584-00372300-00372420": "It has a definition.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00585-00372550-00373160": "And the Finish is actually comes into. This formula itself, is the is the amount", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00586-00373160-00374200": "of energy that is needed to increase the temperature of a unit of mass by one degree.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00587-00374490-00375160": "That is going to be Q is amount of energy. M is the mass and delta. T is a change", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00588-00375160-00375220": "in temperature.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00589-00375340-00375810": "Right? So, and it's a term, it's an acceptable term, internal Dynamics, and the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00590-00375810-00376710": "property of any substance because any substance they have would need. One unit of", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00591-00376710-00377220": "mass of any substance would need different amounts of energy to increase the temperature,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00592-00377220-00377810": "by 1 degree mean the aluminium or compared to air or don't vote. Are they certainly", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00593-00377810-00378290": "would need different amount of energy to change the temperature. Now,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00594-00378320-00379080": "As such then we will have two ways actually or to terms with a specific heat. So", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00595-00379080-00379680": "material also mainly gases or liquids, they will behave differently if you add heat", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00596-00379680-00380160": "to them to change the temperature on the constant pressure or constant volume process", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00597-00380240-00380790": "lasts for we have a CP and CV. So CP is actually is the day amount of heat. You", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00598-00380790-00381300": "need to increase the temperature, we unit of a mass by one degree under.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00599-00381310-00381970": "some pressure condition and CV is set similar term, but on the constant volume process,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00600-00382110-00382690": "Now, I'm going to ask you a question, which one do you think would be higher a bigger", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00601-00382690-00383110": "CP or CV? Can you give me your understanding of that?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00602-00383280-00383770": "For doesn't matter sometimes with PCP could be bigger. So you could be bigger any", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00603-00383770-00384150": "idea on CP and CV, you know what I'm talking about, right? You have deal with you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00604-00384150-00384320": "dealt with that, in terms of one, huh?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00605-00384440-00384530": "Yes, or no.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00606-00384910-00385260": "Anybody's here. Never heard that. See if your CV before, you know.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00607-00385400-00386080": "I don't know who has not heard English. Is the anybody that doesn't know what to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00608-00386080-00386410": "see if your CV, please raise your hand and don't be shy.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00609-00386530-00387020": "No. Okay then tell me the deaf. Which one would you expect to be bigger? So if your", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00610-00387020-00387060": "CV", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00611-00387420-00387480": "Why?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00612-00388200-00388320": "I'm talking the functional.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00613-00388880-00389540": "Yes. Yeah but thermodynamically tell me why that this is a question. Why the energy", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00614-00389540-00389980": "needed to increase of one unit of mass of a substance at constant pressure?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00615-00390180-00390700": "Is more than that energy needed for that substance at constant volume.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00616-00390840-00390950": "So that's my question.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00617-00391550-00391620": "Say it again, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00618-00392610-00393100": "Okay yeah yes yes please wait just jumping off.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00619-00393230-00393380": "Hopefully, it doesn't shoot me up. Okay?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00620-00394740-00394890": "Say the first part again.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00621-00395810-00396400": "Seventy percent. Correct. Seventy percent correct. Yes, I'll come back to this.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00622-00396400-00396490": "Yes. Go ahead please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00623-00397430-00397970": "Excellent. That's the same thing that this lady was saying about. So you want to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00624-00397970-00398390": "say something, somebody raise your hand here, no, okay. Yes, exactly. That's the.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00625-00398410-00399320": "That's the case at constant volume, volume process like a such as the one here.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00626-00399320-00399890": "Like you see a cylinder piston and cylinder if you pin the piston and doesn't", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00627-00399960-00400640": "Try to fix it when you add heat to the gas inside this since the volume doesn't", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00628-00400640-00401220": "change, no work is done. So, all the energy given is used to increase the temperature.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00629-00401270-00401810": "What will be used for internal energy of the system right while if you allow the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00630-00401810-00402010": "system to move up and down?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00631-00402170-00402820": "But at constant pressure means that you put the weight on the Piston but you allow", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00632-00402820-00403380": "it to move up and down part of the energy that you give results in case the temperature,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00633-00403410-00403930": "but partly resulted to do work for us but actually change the volume of the system.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00634-00404000-00404570": "As such you need to add more heat in the second case to get to your desired temperature.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00635-00404720-00405090": "That's why at constant pressure. More heat is needed.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00636-00405190-00405680": "To get to a higher power term particular one because part of the energy will be", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00637-00405680-00406240": "used to actually move the piston. That's why CP is always bigger than C.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00638-00406380-00406480": "Are we clear on this?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00639-00406660-00406700": "No.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00640-00406920-00407070": "Yes or no? Say something, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00641-00407260-00407550": "Okay, thanks my. Thank you. Now.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00642-00407800-00408230": "So that again, this is a first law for an open closed system that you see here.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00643-00408230-00408420": "Q minus W, is", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00644-00408850-00409370": "Chemotherapy Delta U Delta ke. And if you just assume that these two are negligible,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00645-00409400-00410180": "then we will have q. Minus W, is Delta. You remember that in constant volume process", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00646-00410210-00410670": "which we are. We're trying to find out CV under constant volume process, the volume", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00647-00410670-00410950": "doesn't change, meaning that no work will be done.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00648-00411089-00411350": "And as such Q will be Delta, you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00649-00411550-00412200": "and in terms of the but they say the definition of q is at the same time is MC.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00650-00412200-00412570": "V delta T. This comes from this equation.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00651-00412670-00413870": "Q is m. C times. Delta T. Right. So if I replace this, this one here, then I'll", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00652-00413870-00414480": "get an F rearrange that you suddenly we get to be cvsd. You over. DT. This is for", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00653-00414480-00414620": "ideal gases.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00654-00414750-00415110": "Although it's a general form but we'll come back to that one for. I do, go can simplify", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00655-00415110-00415710": "this. And for if you do the same for CP, it could be a Delta H and H is on top p", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00656-00415739-00416370": "over T at constant pressure, that's it to definition. So we can also show that CP.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00657-00416370-00416930": "Minus CV is our, I'm sure you heard of this is further. Show that CP is always bigger", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00658-00416930-00417470": "than c p. So you can use this to formula and you can easily can prove that CP minus", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00659-00417470-00417560": "CV czar.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00660-00417639-00417850": "Do you want me to show this on? You know how to do this?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00661-00418010-00418039": "ah,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00662-00418389-00418750": "do you want me to do this or you would like to do it at home yourself?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00663-00418880-00419060": "Thanks Maya. Please say something.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00664-00420080-00420489": "well, if Mike was okay no, I need to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00665-00420639-00421530": "Come out to full screen mode. Okay? So what we do, what I would like you to do is", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00666-00421530-00422180": "that if I just simply for PV and this PV I'm going to replace RT then I can write", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00667-00422180-00422870": "H is equal to U plus RT. Right. You know that this is a definition of on top p and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00668-00422870-00423410": "this is p v equal to RT is the one that we know for ideal gas, right? Friday I guess", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00669-00423410-00423600": "PV is RT. So", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00670-00423620-00424080": "I'm replacing 4 PDF from this RT. Now what I do, I'm just going to take a derivative", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00671-00424080-00424789": "of both sides. So I'm going to say that d h is going to be equal to d u, plus d,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00672-00424789-00425750": "RT and R is constant. So it's sort of coming coming out of this. So DH", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00673-00425870-00426789": "You better do the other formulas but also, before I go for that, pardon, so let", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00674-00426789-00427470": "me just go back to this one. You also know that this I'm going to go back to the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00675-00427470-00427920": "other side. So if I write it the other way around, can I say that DH is equal to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00676-00427920-00428000": "CP?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00677-00428080-00428510": "Oh gosh, DT. And can I also use this one?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00678-00428660-00429600": "Can I say d u equal to c.v.? DT. You agree with me? Yes. So, will you remember these", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00679-00429600-00429789": "two and take to the other slide?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00680-00429910-00430060": "So, what I'm going to do here,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00681-00430330-00430560": "Good eraser.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00682-00430760-00431439": "So what I'm doing is that instead of this guy I'm writing cpdt instead of this fellow,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00683-00431439-00432289": "I'm going to write CV, DT. + r is constant. This is going to be DT. So if I just", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00684-00432289-00433110": "cancel out, the DT is then I will have CP equal to CV + or or CP minus CV equal", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00685-00433110-00433639": "to R. It is very easy peasy. I'm sure that you've seen this formula before.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00686-00433710-00433770": "Okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00687-00433939-00434770": "Yes, some of you are taking naps please. You wanna keep the voice down, friends", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00688-00434770-00434900": "or pretty tired.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00689-00435089-00435760": "no, I wasn't ancient pointing to you and okay, so let's take a look at another nice", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00690-00435770-00435910": "experiment that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00691-00436110-00436630": "Is the opposite of what we've seen for the barrel experiment. My son like this one", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00692-00436639-00436720": "even more.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00693-00441910-00442230": "Okay. Any idea? Why is this so", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00694-00442370-00442439": "Yes, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00695-00445060-00445730": "How can we link this to these first? For example, the first law of thermodynamics", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00696-00448520-00449020": "Okay, so how can we link to this one here? We don't have burner here, right? So", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00697-00449089-00449130": "yeah.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00698-00449439-00450089": "Yes. Yeah. That's well done. Well done. So it's it says Q minus W. Equal to Delta", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00699-00450089-00450920": "U, right? So, when you add heat to the system is positive based on all notation.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00700-00450970-00451680": "So you would expect that work to be done by the system and thermodynamically work", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00701-00451680-00452239": "definition is that the volume changes. So if you have a increase in the volume of", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00702-00452239-00452400": "the gas or the system means,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00703-00452420-00452839": "Work is positive and that's the reason here, that you add heat, you expect that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00704-00452839-00453330": "your system should generate work for you and work in. Thermodynamic means a change", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00705-00453330-00453830": "of the volume or here in this case expansion. So the plastic part of this empty", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00706-00453830-00454370": "by its ultimate to a stiff to actually expand but the balloon is actually easy and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00707-00454389-00454820": "it's not expand easy, right? Okay, now,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00708-00455110-00455770": "This is a very interesting and important parameter that I will be looking into.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00709-00455770-00456500": "We just said that. CV is the U, delta T, CP s DH DH DT. And if you take the integral", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00710-00456500-00456960": "on both sides, you could say that Delta U which is u 2. Minus u 1 is integral CV,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00711-00456960-00457489": "delta T and the same way for Delta H, we can write to be CP, delta, T. So these", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00712-00457489-00457970": "are again some general background, you can lock into in the course here or maybe", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00713-00457970-00458080": "on from the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00714-00458089-00458489": "Again, I mean all the materials needed are here, so you don't really need to refer", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00715-00458489-00459170": "to the textbook. So this is very important how we going to deal with with this term.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00716-00459320-00459889": "These two guys, because when we, when we will be analyzing the gas power Cycles,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00717-00460110-00460560": "we will be dealing a lot with the change of enthalpy in different components of", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00718-00460560-00461080": "the system, for example, in, in turbojet engine or maybe an hour.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00719-00461110-00461739": "Gasps sir, 14 station application. There is a compressed set is Bernhard is a boiler", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00720-00461810-00462480": "absurd. There is a turbine. So if we wanted to find out the work generated by the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00721-00462480-00463170": "turbine, we need to deal with the change of Unsolved, P of the flow, or the gas", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00722-00463239-00463900": "into the turbine and exit the terminal as such. These H2, minus H1, we will be using", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00723-00463900-00464000": "them a lot.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00724-00464060-00464500": "But for ideal gas, it have not in general for gas. It can be written to be integral,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00725-00464500-00465260": "CP DT. Now, how we treat this term cpdt, it actually determines the amount of work", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00726-00465260-00465750": "that we need to put in more effort within to analyze the system. There are different", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00727-00465750-00465830": "ways", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00728-00465930-00466470": "From DS place. You always too small.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00729-00466789-00467460": "Yeah, it's a good point. When I go full screen, my annotation is weird.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00730-00467589-00467650": "What?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00731-00468139-00468710": "How can I go further up? Okay. Is it okay? You see guys from the back, you see this.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00732-00468770-00469400": "Now the question is, how we going to deal with this integral? But this is the, that's", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00733-00469400-00469889": "the thing, that's the bottleneck here. There are three ways that we can do. One", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00734-00469889-00470410": "of them is that you write this change of on top p with respect to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00735-00470689-00471250": "a reference temperature, which is T, no. So this integral mathematically, it could", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00736-00471250-00471500": "be written T, note to T1 cpdt.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00737-00471610-00471830": "- Tino TuTiTu cpdt.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00738-00471980-00473020": "Or this term is written to be H T2 and this time is going to be H T1. Now H T2 and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00739-00473020-00473810": "ht1 they can be found in thermodynamic tables for different substances in the one", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00740-00473810-00474310": "that are, what should I mention to you about the thermo table? You're uh, you're", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00741-00474310-00474600": "familiar with thermodynamic table, right? The steam tables.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00742-00474670-00475600": "Right in the resources folder on blackboard, I've uploaded a thermodynamic table", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00743-00475600-00476120": "which I will be using here. This the table as I will be using this for lecturing,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00744-00476120-00476850": "thus a nice table. That is easier for teaching purposes, but in the exam you will", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00745-00476850-00477380": "be given a table will be provided to you by the exam office.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00746-00477480-00478050": "The format is different from this table here but again, is, can that table and I", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00747-00478050-00478810": "uploaded onto Blackboard so you can make yourself familiar with that table while", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00748-00478810-00479100": "you're doing the exam. Okay. Yes, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00749-00479460-00479539": "Say it again, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00750-00479780-00480310": "On blackboard, there is a folder called resources. Can you can somebody check if", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00751-00480310-00480500": "you have that access to that folder?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00752-00480720-00480900": "On blackboard for this unit.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00753-00481120-00481970": "You have you see the table? You see the, okay. Now this hey, Chester, that we were", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00754-00481970-00482120": "just talking about.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00755-00482570-00483370": "This H2 + + H, T2, + H T1, they are found in table. A 17-4 are remember the gas", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00756-00483370-00483939": "power Cycles. We're dealing with them, gas turbine. So the main working fluid is", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00757-00483939-00484630": "air. As such area is actually the substance that we need that. So if you go to table", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00758-00484650-00484789": "a 17,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00759-00485210-00485780": "So you can see that for each temperature, we need this H value is written here,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00760-00485839-00486330": "right? So we read these this hechas, you see the hand here, right? For different", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00761-00486330-00486680": "temperature, that's one way of dealing with that.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00762-00486839-00486980": "Another approach.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00763-00487160-00487989": "Another yeah another approach is that if we know how see p varies with temperature", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00764-00488039-00488570": "but we can't take the integral, the mathematically just just an example. If you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00765-00488570-00489630": "know that this could be written at don't know from T1 to T2 or a team plus b t 2", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00766-00489630-00490120": "plus c t 3, something times DT and this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00767-00490170-00490889": "A b c or constant so we can easily do the integral and then calculate h. 2, minus", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00768-00490889-00490939": "H, 1,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00769-00491089-00491250": "You follow me in on this.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00770-00491389-00492030": "Yes, if we know now for different substance, this polynomial function is actually", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00771-00492030-00492460": "provided in thermodynamic tables. So if I go to table, a to c,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00772-00493989-00494350": "Yeah, this is here. You see that for different substances?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00773-00494480-00495330": "The polynomial form of the CP is written ABC and D. Okay. And ABCD constants are", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00774-00495330-00496060": "also provided here. ABC, and d and the temperature range were we're in this. This", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00775-00496060-00496610": "formula applies also given here for example, for are here,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00776-00497050-00497080": "No.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00777-00497489-00498339": "So for are we see that a b c and d, they can come into this formula and then we", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00778-00498339-00498780": "do the interval. That's the second way. The third one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00779-00498900-00499650": "Is that we don't do that. We just assume that CP is constant. This guy is constant", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00780-00499710-00500270": "and we just take this out of integral and we simply write that h 2, minus H, 1 2,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00781-00500270-00500510": "B, CP times, T, 2 minus t,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00782-00500660-00501039": "I'm sure that you've seen this formula before, right? But remember that, this is", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00783-00501039-00501250": "an assumption that we make here.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00784-00501410-00501650": "That we assume that c p, doesn't change the temperature.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00785-00501810-00502480": "You following me, there is one example. I'm trying to show you.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00786-00502789-00503270": "Impact of this assumption on calculating Delta h.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00787-00503500-00504080": "So you agree with me if I'm going to use this polynomial form of or approach be", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00788-00504080-00504660": "your approach. A, it would be very time consuming while you're analyzing a cycle", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00789-00504660-00505139": "because you need to apply this formula and different components that would be time", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00790-00505139-00505700": "consuming. So we are will be using this one. Here is easier to do but since this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00791-00505700-00506289": "is an assumption an example, I provided here and to show you what is the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00792-00506350-00506850": "Would be the error of calculating, Delta h.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00793-00507030-00507120": "Yes, go ahead.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00794-00507860-00508080": "The polynomial function.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00795-00508339-00509139": "In table, a to see here or this, this CP is written here. That's this is the polynomial", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00796-00509139-00509410": "format of abct, three.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00797-00509710-00509770": "Say it again.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00798-00510050-00510880": "Now know this is the CP only what we need to do the integral. For example if if", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00799-00510880-00511720": "say that you have are at temperature of 300 K, T1 it goes to temperature but don't", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00800-00511720-00512250": "know. 1000 Kelvin tell me. What's the difference between the untold pi/2 minus on", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00801-00512250-00512970": "Topia one, right? What you need to do? You need to do the integral from 300 to 1000.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00802-00513050-00513739": "Of this polynomial function of a which is this coefficient B is this is going to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00803-00513739-00514070": "be a plus BT. Plus CT Plus dt3", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00804-00514360-00514550": "X DT.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00805-00514780-00514980": "This will be 80.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00806-00515120-00516239": "Plus behalf t squared plus C over 3 pi over 3 plus 3 over 4 to the power 4 from", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00807-00516239-00516450": "300 to 1,000.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00808-00516670-00516939": "now, you need to put 1000 in this equation once", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00809-00517080-00517370": "- put 300 in this one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00810-00517500-00517700": "It's the simple integral, right?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00811-00517800-00518460": "Ah, but you know that if I'm going to do this for every component of the cycle that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00812-00518460-00519050": "I'm dealing with compressor, terabytes going to take a lot of my time. That's why", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00813-00519070-00519620": "we want to explore, what will be the error. If assume that CP is constant and don't", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00814-00519620-00520270": "bother with this integral and accordingly we have. Did it go?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00815-00520600-00521280": "This this formula it's like this example era, 300, Kelvin and 200 kilo Pascal is", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00816-00521280-00521910": "heated at constant pressure to 600 K. You wanted to find out the change in the enthalpy", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00817-00522070-00522839": "of this process. Using this different approaches, the solution is uploaded on blackboard", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00818-00522839-00523289": "so I'm going to bring up the solution here. Since again is part of thermal one thing.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00819-00523289-00523470": "I don't want to really spend time", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00820-00523480-00523980": "time now and redo the solution. However, I'm going to show you that.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00821-00524340-00524680": "I think that's the one I believe.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00822-00524810-00524850": "Yeah.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00823-00525070-00525350": "so, if you remember approach approach a", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00824-00525720-00526570": "in our, in our approach, a, a approach was the H2. Minus H1 going to be H at the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00825-00526570-00527280": "reference temperature - Paige T1. And this ht2 and ht1 are found in table. A 17", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00826-00527390-00527990": "Remember temperature, 300 to 600. So, what I do, I can read the HTS at these two", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00827-00527990-00528130": "temperature from this table,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00828-00528240-00528530": "So I go to this table, a 17 Again.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00829-00528980-00529130": "At 300.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00830-00529340-00529600": "This is 300 and this is the h.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00831-00529720-00529820": "I read this one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00832-00529960-00530390": "And for 600 is here, and I'll eat this one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00833-00530560-00531240": "The difference between these two going to be the Delta H and that's what has really", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00834-00531240-00531580": "happened here. This 2 and the 309", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00835-00531830-00532740": "Right approach a using Thermo Dynamic table. The Delta H value is 3 or 9.02 kg per", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00836-00532740-00532800": "kg.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00837-00532990-00533340": "Kelly is a k. Correct for this. The things of the year.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00838-00533460-00534090": "So that's approach. A, what was the approach be? Is that I use this that polynomial", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00839-00534090-00534810": "function for a for are at CP for are? And that's a polynomial. Remember, derived", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00840-00534810-00535320": "from table A2 with the coefficients, which are provided in that table,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00841-00535480-00536000": "And then do this nasty integral that I just told you about. So it's from", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00842-00537000-00537100": "where did it go?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00843-00537340-00538140": "Yeah, this one here. So, this polynomial function for are the coefficient of a b,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00844-00538140-00538990": "c and d are here. And what I'm doing. Now, I'm actually doing this integral from", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00845-00538990-00539790": "300 to 600. When I do the inter goal, once you replace 40 substitute for T of 600", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00846-00539790-00540080": "and other time, you substitute to be 300. If you do this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00847-00540190-00540800": "you will end up with this value, which is kg per kilo mole, because in this table,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00848-00540940-00541220": "It gives you see B2B kg per, kmol Kelvin.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00849-00541350-00541810": "So how can I convert kg or kmol to be kg per kilogram?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00850-00542270-00543280": "Please just allow me to finish this few seconds. Thank you. Gosh, in table. 14 are", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00851-00543440-00543940": "We have the molar mass to be 28-point 97. I'm sure you're familiar with this number.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00852-00544090-00544550": "so, what happens is that you divide this value which is kg per kilo mole", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00853-00544690-00544900": "We divide this by the molar mass.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00854-00544990-00545270": "And it gives you the value in kg per kilogram.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00855-00545510-00546360": "Now, 30 864 approach, be 309 approach a now.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00856-00546530-00546910": "If you bear with me, a few more minutes with you complete me finish this off. Now,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00857-00546910-00547390": "the third approach was that we don't do these, we just assume that CP is constant", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00858-00547390-00547830": "and take it out. Now, the question is that,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00859-00548000-00548800": "You go from 300 to 600. We know that CPR 300 is different from CPS 600 but me show", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00860-00548800-00548910": "you in this table.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00861-00549390-00549560": "Yeah, this is for", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00862-00549770-00550540": "Ideal gas. Common is continued. Which one is? This is error. 300, Kelvin, I'm looking", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00863-00550540-00550820": "for her. Okay, this is are here.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00864-00551080-00551230": "This is a CP value.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00865-00551350-00551950": "300 is one point double 05 as 600 is 1.05, one.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00866-00552100-00552590": "Now, if we're going to assume that CP is constant and take it out of integral, simply", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00867-00552590-00553090": "say, CP times, delta T. So which one of these two CP values I need to take.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00868-00553240-00553900": "So maybe not to have a fight between these two temperatures. We will say, okay,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00869-00553900-00554740": "take the average temperature average between 300 and 600 is 450 and I take for 450,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00870-00554740-00554990": "I take the CP to be 1.02.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00871-00555120-00555260": "Write the average value.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00872-00555460-00555910": "And this is what has happened here. Is that I took the CPR 1.02", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00873-00556030-00556220": "And the answer is 306.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00874-00556420-00556870": "Another thing is if someone like me okay I don't mind about I don't care about the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00875-00556870-00557360": "integral, I don't care about HT to http one. I don't want to take an average value.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00876-00557360-00557570": "I'm going to use the easiest way.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00877-00557730-00558660": "Air temperature. 300 Kelvin. I know that is 1.05, the CP value, CP value, 300, 01", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00878-00558660-00559440": ".05. I'm going to take this value and I do this. If I do this can be simply this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00879-00559440-00559960": "105 times. 600 minus 300, the answer would be 3 0 1.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00880-00560080-00560820": "So this is the c 2. Is the easiest one bite has most assumptions in it. First, we", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00881-00560820-00561270": "assume CP is constant and not on this constant. Yes, UND. ICP doesn't even change", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00882-00561270-00561920": "with temperature, right? What the answer 301, while in the more accurate case, they", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00883-00561920-00562410": "were 309. For example, if you just look at the error that you get is just on the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00884-00562410-00563000": "2.5%. So, that's my point. To point, to point to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00885-00563050-00563630": "Two percent error. I actually I accept this Earth but I don't bother doing integral", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00886-00563630-00564130": "and looking into table stuff like that. So in analyzing the gas power Cycles, which", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00887-00564130-00564610": "we will be dealing with them. We will be taking up prophecy to unless", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00888-00564740-00565100": "You are told which CP value unit to use.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00889-00565320-00565930": "following me so far, the reason is that for combustion chamber specifically", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00890-00566060-00566860": "The temperature rise can go around 1000 degrees C, sorry 1000 or 1000 1000, couple", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00891-00566860-00567750": "of hundred and that region. You see that CP is a lot more bigger than the CPS 1.05.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00892-00567900-00568470": "So in that case, you will be given the value of CP. If the temperature is too high,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00893-00568540-00569120": "just in order to overcome the too many errors, we have, are we happy guys with this", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00894-00569120-00569210": "EP thing?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00895-00569320-00569560": "Okay, now if you have questions, please go ahead.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00896-00569690-00569970": "Somebody wanted to ask question, no.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00897-00570390-00570450": "Yes, please.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00898-00571080-00571200": "I took the wrong.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00899-00571780-00571850": "Did I?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00900-00572180-00572730": "Maybe you're mistaken. Who says that? I'm wrong. I was in table, right? Table is", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00901-00572730-00573120": "different 298 oopsy.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00902-00573580-00573900": "and there is we we stable was that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00903-00574080-00574150": "17.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00904-00574730-00575380": "It is very likely that when I was solving that problem, I used another thermodynamic", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00905-00575380-00575450": "table", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00906-00575600-00576080": "and that's why the values are different. But I need to explain that to you as well.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00907-00576100-00576230": "Oh gosh. Where is 7?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00908-00577100-00577990": "Yeah, 319 okay, I agree with you. Could you please correct this, this one and your", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00909-00577990-00578580": "solution if you have this should be 39, 300-point 19 now.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00910-00578770-00579570": "I need your attention here guys, and it's very important. If you solve a thermodynamic", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00911-00579570-00580310": "problem, such that this one using another thermodynamic table, for example, such", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00912-00580320-00580630": "like the one that which is uploaded on blackboard.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00913-00580750-00580940": "This. Hey, h values.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00914-00581350-00581720": "That you read are different.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00915-00581820-00581870": "Right.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00916-00581990-00582550": "Here. I took 298 from a table but here was 398. But this one is also would be different", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00917-00582550-00583250": "in under the table. However, the Delta, which is what we need in analyzing cycle", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00918-00583280-00583840": "are the same between different thermal tables. The reason is that they these tables", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00919-00583840-00584470": "are be prepared based on a reference value or reference condition. Some tables might", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00920-00584470-00584900": "use a different reference condition and that's why you come up with different values", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00921-00584900-00584960": "in the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00922-00584970-00585620": "Oil, however, as I said, again, Delta wouldn't change Delta s, Delta, H, Delta,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00923-00585620-00585820": "you are going to be the same.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00924-00586050-00586150": "Does it make sense?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00925-00586400-00586450": "Okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00926-00586650-00586730": "Any question.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00927-00586960-00587380": "No, what do you mean? You want me to do? You want me to continue you? Want to go", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00928-00587380-00587430": "home?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00929-00587800-00588010": "if you dare say that you want to go home,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00930-00588160-00588250": "Who said though?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00931-00588490-00588590": "Raise your hand.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00932-00588780-00588840": "It was you.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00933-00589050-00589980": "I'll give you five marks at the end could being so brave. Gosh, I have a bad neck", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00934-00589980-00590550": "pain. Okay, I have a few couple of more slides, another example, but I don't do", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00935-00590550-00591240": "those examples that one it has to do with your thermal one, that example is actually", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00936-00591240-00591800": "used to help you to get your hands and yourself again, more familiar with using", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00937-00591800-00592010": "Thermo Dynamic table. But", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00938-00592020-00592580": "But since it's due to Thermal one I live it for you. Yeah. Please bear with me a", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00939-00592580-00592980": "few more minutes. I know you're tired but please few more minutes.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00940-00593090-00593430": "Do you want to take a few minutes break, or you want me to finish this to the slides", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00941-00593430-00593520": "and then you go home?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00942-00593730-00593840": "No, thanks. Thanks man.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00943-00594040-00594580": "But I need you to be quiet guys. If I'm you want me to finish the Sun and lesson?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00944-00594610-00594880": "Right. Remember that I did not.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00945-00595130-00595200": "Thank you guys.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00946-00595530-00596240": "I did not include anything from thermal one here. These are only terminologies or", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00947-00596240-00596990": "terms and and contents which we will be using them in turmoil to mostly. Now I'm", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00948-00596990-00597560": "going to introduce you with 22 of these processes that we've just talked about them.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00949-00597560-00598170": "In one of the earlier slides is one of them is the constant volume process is very", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00950-00598170-00598450": "much like the case that you have gas.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00951-00598890-00599070": "you have a gas here in the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00952-00599200-00599540": "You don't seem like a laser pointer.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00953-00599650-00600120": "Yeah, the gas here, there is a piston but it's been pinned here. So the Piston doesn't", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00954-00600120-00600640": "move up and you are the gas to this. So you actually a pressure changes from 1 to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00955-00600640-00600910": "2 for constant volume, right.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00956-00601110-00601830": "Now, since the volume is constant, no work will be done. So w is 0 and the system", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00957-00601830-00602400": "is closed. Only Heats can be added. No, mass will actually depart or comes into", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00958-00602400-00602990": "the system. As such the first law is written in this form. Q minus W. Delta you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00959-00603000-00603510": "remember that here? We assume that this chamber is a stationary, so no change in", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00960-00603510-00603840": "kinetic or potential energy of the system as a whole.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00961-00603910-00604430": "I cite the first low simplified to this and since its constant volume, the work", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00962-00604430-00604950": "is also 0. And hence, Q would be equal to Delta U", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00963-00605280-00605830": "And in the unit mass is small q is Delta is small you or due to - you want. So Q", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00964-00605830-00606500": "is U2 minus U1. It's very easy peasy thing. So the first law of thermodynamics for", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00965-00606500-00606620": "a closed system", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00966-00606870-00607570": "A simplified to be due to - see you want. I'll remember that for ideal gas. Now", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00967-00607580-00608420": "I can write Delta U to be CV, delta T, and if I take the output C assume that CV", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00968-00608420-00609240": "is also constant. Take it out of integral Delta, you would be CV. Delta T. And as", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00969-00609240-00609590": "such I have here that Q going to be CV that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00970-00609810-00610430": "You can also play around with these ideal gas law, formulas for a constant volume", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00971-00610430-00611120": "process, PV is equal to MRT and if you write it for a state one and state two, if", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00972-00611120-00611770": "you divide them together for constant volume process, the ratio of pressure is equal", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00973-00611770-00612180": "to the ratio temperature, right? As for ID, I guess,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00974-00612500-00613000": "At the same time for constant pressure process of the pressure remains constant", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00975-00613060-00613520": "again. This integral the p is constant is taking out of the integrals. Going to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00976-00613520-00614160": "be P times V 2, minus V 1. So work would be P times change of pressure.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00977-00614330-00614630": "I put this into the first law of thermodynamics.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00978-00614770-00615230": "And it's kind of, let me just write it myself. I don't like that way.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00979-00615420-00615510": "Oopsie.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00980-00615730-00616320": "Lock. This is the work formula General. If the pressure is constant, it comes out", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00981-00616320-00616580": "here. Delta V is V 2 - View.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00982-00616800-00616850": "This.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00983-00617070-00617160": "Comes here.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00984-00617470-00617710": "Delta U is also u 2 minus u 1.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00985-00617880-00618410": "I take this guy to be here. P times V 2 minus V 1. I rearrange them. I write you", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00986-00618410-00618990": "with PV and you want with this Phoebe you to pvu 1pv.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00987-00619120-00619870": "We Define that internal energy plus PV is unfold P. So Q would be h. 2, minus H,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00988-00619870-00619890": "1,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00989-00620220-00620800": "For ideal gas, the Delta H is actually CP delta T, so it's going to be CP times.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00990-00620800-00621560": "Delta T, this is for hit trunk, heat, transfer or less. The first law of thermodynamics.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00991-00621730-00621960": "For a constant pressure process.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00992-00622190-00622840": "For constant volume is actually you to minus CV. Times T, 2 minus t.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00993-00623310-00623480": "Or we happy guys so far.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00994-00623600-00624080": "Yes. Now, this is an example. I took it from one of those textbooks. It's a very", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00995-00624080-00624880": "interesting example because it shows you how important it is that the system that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00996-00624880-00625650": "you define for your problem in order to analyze it. This boundary that you drool", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00997-00625780-00626070": "I'm not going to solve this and I'll leave it to you. How I'm going to explain to", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00998-00626070-00626250": "you why it is important.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-00999-00626550-00627040": "This system is says that it's a container is a closed container with water in it", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01000-00627040-00627820": "and at the top is empty and you add heat to this. So what happens is that it will", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01001-00627820-00628770": "actually occupied part of this but this a space right in here. So we wanted to find", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01002-00628770-00629200": "analyze the system, find the tank volume. And also find out how much heat is been", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01003-00629200-00629490": "added to this system. To take the vulture", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01004-00629510-00629830": "air pressure and temperature from a value to another value.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01005-00629980-00630530": "One way to analyze this sister, you draw your control control system or the boundary", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01006-00630530-00630590": "to be.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01007-00630780-00630910": "Around this guy here.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01008-00631190-00631630": "But when we add heat here, if my system is this, this is bombed removes because", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01009-00631630-00631700": "expands", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01010-00631820-00632030": "I need to calculate the work as well.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01011-00632340-00632930": "however, if I take my system to unload, be the whole time,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01012-00633110-00633630": "Including both of these two guys. Then I don't have to be worried about.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01013-00633840-00634200": "The boundary of my system. It is a rigid boundary.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01014-00634340-00634970": "Whatever happens inside. It doesn't affect the boundary of my system. The volume", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01015-00634970-00635200": "doesn't change as work is zero.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01016-00635320-00635760": "And the first low will simplify to be Q equal to Delta U.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01017-00636070-00636520": "While, if I would take the boundary to be here, I should have dealt with the q-", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01018-00636520-00637020": "w, go to Delhi and it would make the problem solving problem, more complex.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01019-00637160-00637760": "By just choosing the right system. I'm actually making it simpler. So this one out", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01020-00637760-00638280": "and I looking into this one anyway, the solution for this is uploaded on blackboard", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01021-00638420-00638940": "and you can try it at home and solve this. I have I need a few more minutes, I'm", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01022-00638940-00639120": "not going to lecture but I need your attention.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01023-00639300-00640000": "Next week, we will be looking into I think second low briefly on Second Law, and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01024-00640000-00640320": "the efficiency & Co p and then on trophy.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01025-00640460-00641140": "Now a few points dice. As the as be monitored today, this is again very important", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01026-00641140-00641600": "and my apology from just repeating this again and again, please come to the class", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01027-00641600-00642160": "at the right time. If you come, I mean we are we are one and a half hours, the 1", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01028-00642160-00642660": "hour and 30 we lecture. If you can be for 30 minutes, the class going to be disturbed", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01029-00642660-00643080": "by coming people in and out then with a memory efficient. So please come into the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01030-00643080-00643260": "class at the right time.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01031-00643450-00643840": "Another thing I should have mentioned to you about the thermo Unity. So I know that", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01032-00643840-00644510": "it's a challenging unit is the dry unit is hard. It was for me, but I enjoyed it", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01033-00644510-00645010": "very much because I do research on that. However, I mean, if you come to the lecture,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01034-00645100-00645650": "if you understand the lecture materials and if you do the tutorials and some extra", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01035-00645650-00646180": "examples or problem that we will give to you, I'm confident that you will not have", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01036-00646180-00646300": "any problem for the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01037-00646320-00646380": "a exam.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01038-00646490-00647210": "I have many students that they achieve hundred lost you. The exam many got first", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01039-00647290-00648060": "so just follow your normal activity and dedication to dinner. Thanks very much and", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01040-00648060-00648150": "I'll see you next week.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01041-00649650-00650690": "CPU. Can it's a constant, right? As I said, again, two ways you can, you can either", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01042-00650690-00651290": "take the value at the average, temperature of 300 and 600, or you can take the value", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01043-00651290-00651380": "of 300.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01044-00651920-00652450": "Why not? See you can you can't hear you can't do that.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01045-00652700-00653210": "Yeah, that's what we have look. The first thing is that we will using this approach", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01046-00653210-00653800": "right now for this approach, which value take 300, or season, or the value between", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01047-00653800-00653850": "them.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01048-00653980-00654640": "It's again, depending on the complexity 300 CPR, 300 is a noun parameter. Everyone", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01049-00654640-00655390": "was 1.05. So I don't bother be table at all. I gave 1.0 but I did you say yes, but", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01050-00655390-00655930": "in the exam are we give you the CP values? I brought this up to tell you that. This", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01051-00655930-00656370": "is an assumption that you make but it's going to be different seek a different temperature.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01052-00656370-00656700": "I will let you know, you will be given that value in the exam.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01053-00656920-00657260": "But you can't take, for example, there's no problem.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01054-00657540-00659000": "Yeah, that means bringer.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01055-00659630-00659740": "but the lecture two,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01056-00660120-00660820": "Now the lecture number is 2 but the first ones introduction. So that zero was dark", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01057-00660820-00661220": "all the time. Wasn't, I should have turned away. Do you know how to turn the lights", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01058-00661220-00661370": "on? Do you see anything here?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01059-00661560-00661670": "Sounds of Lights.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01060-00662090-00663110": "Well yeah, okay so it's not yeah. So we're solid line a dashed line. That's the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01061-00663110-00663660": "solid the dash line. Oh I thought that you know, these from thermal one. You don't", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01062-00663660-00664460": "know these. You don't know this Vapor Doom. No. This is called Vapor Doom in Terminal.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01063-00664460-00664890": "1 unit, you don't know guys. Join me. There's this side. Please join me this.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01064-00664930-00665170": "Yeah, yeah, come here. So I'm showing you here.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01065-00665560-00666110": "look, if you go your terminal one, right, then you have this, thermodynamic diagram", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01066-00666110-00666210": "of things, one of the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01067-00666440-00667110": "That is my phone. I mean, I done if you don't remember, these demos using that line", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01068-00667180-00668150": "systems, okay? So let me explain to you than here, look, thermodynamic tables as", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01069-00668150-00668870": "so diagrams. But you can write P VTS, whatever there are very few sections involves.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01070-00668870-00669320": "So we draw them like this. And this line differentiate different phases within our", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01071-00669330-00669890": "Our system. Because what we have here is actually everything is solid inside the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01072-00669890-00670670": "Dome, we have sorry this is pure liquids or liquid here. We have Liquid Plus vapor", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01073-00670670-00671230": "and get it Pure Vapor. This is called saturated Vapor Line. This is called saturated,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01074-00671230-00671790": "liquid line and want to to is the process for this example that goes from one a", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01075-00671790-00672230": "dispersion temperature to to, which we are given the condition.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01076-00672910-00673680": "You do pt you do PV but I mostly use TSR use a lot, TS diagram, some people even", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01077-00673680-00674220": "use HS diagram. There are very different diagrams, okay.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01078-00674480-00674950": "If you look at Terminal 1 content, I'm sure you will see. PV PV is the very the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01079-00674950-00675260": "very first Darkness ep 1.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01080-00675410-00675890": "Is not PT PV is mostly used but Pete he's also there. Yeah, if you look at Terminal", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01081-00675890-00676380": "1 content, you take a book, you can see these, do they have a lecture? You have", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01082-00676380-00676630": "a lecturer at 4:00", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01083-00676780-00677100": "Yes. Okay, so we still have time. Yeah, no worries.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01084-00678010-00678120": "Yes, for sure.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01085-00679990-00680170": "to allow you to give you access to the", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01086-00680440-00681540": "Yes, yes, absolutely, yeah, sure. Oh, sorry, Gilligan. And that was my first lecture", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01087-00681540-00682060": "here, so it was a struggling with this in this in this room. Yeah. Initially struggled", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01088-00682060-00682670": "with this technology. Sorry for that. And then, okay, you have questions, right?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01089-00684110-00684220": "Speak, what we believe.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01090-00684450-00684980": "Does this work is this working today? Yes, yes. Yes, it does here, but it's muted", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01091-00684980-00685310": "at the moment and there is this yet. If you press that one,", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01092-00685780-00687350": "Actually get the technology is supposed to work. Hello. Hello. Can you get me, check?", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01093-00687420-00687570": "I'm not gonna start all that Jasmine.", "3mM8RXz4f3Q-01094-00687850-00687960": "I'm going to end it."}}]