[{"audio_id": "4ArPFplygJM", "text": {"4ArPFplygJM-00000-00000574-00001148": "OK. Now, we're going to move on to figures. And figures obviously is another", "4ArPFplygJM-00001-00001148-00001648": "huge topic, right? And I'm going to have another video to help you to see how to", "4ArPFplygJM-00002-00001648-00002272": "make figures professionally, and really look good for your research, especially", "4ArPFplygJM-00003-00002272-00002893": "models and theories and ideas like that. But when it comes to putting figures", "4ArPFplygJM-00004-00002893-00003340": "inside your thesis or inside your research paper, things are a little bit", "4ArPFplygJM-00005-00003340-00003853": "unclear because there's so many kinds of figure, right? There's picture. There's", "4ArPFplygJM-00006-00003853-00004660": "video capture frames. There's x-ray images. There's models, a theoretical constructs,", "4ArPFplygJM-00007-00004660-00005035": "all these kinds of things. I think it could be basically anything couldn't it? You", "4ArPFplygJM-00008-00005035-00005435": "could have children's drawings. You experimenting with children's ideas. You", "4ArPFplygJM-00009-00005435-00005939": "have drawings. You can put them in. So there's no one way to do a figure, but there are", "4ArPFplygJM-00010-00005939-00006376": "some basic rules we can look at from the APA and MLA to help us get an idea how", "4ArPFplygJM-00011-00006376-00006873": "to do this. Of course, figures can be graphs, charts, maps, drawings, photographs", "4ArPFplygJM-00012-00006873-00007522": "video caption, could be anything. Here's a very typical example of a figure. This", "4ArPFplygJM-00013-00007522-00007952": "figure would be typical for psychological research, very normal for", "4ArPFplygJM-00014-00007952-00008431": "business research, consumer studies education studies. And what we have our", "4ArPFplygJM-00015-00008431-00009211": "structural equation models here, and we basically are looking at the different", "4ArPFplygJM-00016-00009211-00009677": "variables and how they relate to each other in this structure equation model.", "4ArPFplygJM-00017-00009677-00010121": "OK. That's great. So you can see that it's a little bit complicated, right? Well,", "4ArPFplygJM-00018-00010121-00010724": "whatever. How you do this and what your research is about of course is specific", "4ArPFplygJM-00019-00010724-00011110": "to your research, but I draw your attention here to the note down here.", "4ArPFplygJM-00020-00011110-00011704": "Well, first of all we have the caption figure, and then we have the", "4ArPFplygJM-00021-00011704-00012154": "caption. Now, it's not the same as a title. Here we're just showing the caption, and", "4ArPFplygJM-00022-00012154-00012664": "then down here, we have all of this other information, which are the notes to it.", "4ArPFplygJM-00023-00012664-00013091": "And you can see lots and lots of it. Why? because we're saving space by using", "4ArPFplygJM-00024-00013091-00013796": "these abbreviations G, V, VI VT. What do these all mean? You explain it", "4ArPFplygJM-00025-00013796-00014495": "down in a note. OK, for figures, there are a few things you can try to pay", "4ArPFplygJM-00026-00014495-00015032": "attention to. The figures should not repeat what's in your text, but rather it", "4ArPFplygJM-00027-00015032-00015722": "should augment it, add something to it, make it easier to understand. So a", "4ArPFplygJM-00028-00015722-00016059": "picture is a way... What do they say? A picture's worth a thousand words. That's", "4ArPFplygJM-00029-00016059-00016431": "a key point. Your picture says something that you really cannot say inside the", "4ArPFplygJM-00030-00016431-00017015": "text. So don't draw a picture and then explain it all in the text. Refer to the", "4ArPFplygJM-00031-00017015-00017478": "picture as a way to help me understand what you're trying to say. The picture", "4ArPFplygJM-00032-00017478-00017898": "should have some key points to it, essential facts. It tries to not to be", "4ArPFplygJM-00033-00017898-00018453": "distracting. It should be easy to kind of get the idea quickly. It should be easy", "4ArPFplygJM-00034-00018453-00018938": "to read the numbers or words on it, which is not easy to do. It seems okay", "4ArPFplygJM-00035-00018938-00019425": "that should be easy, but it can be very hard to make a graphic easy to read all", "4ArPFplygJM-00036-00019425-00019934": "of the words and numbers. It should be consistent. Of course, if you make more", "4ArPFplygJM-00037-00019934-00020282": "than one figure, try to do it the same way every time. And you need to really", "4ArPFplygJM-00038-00020282-00020837": "carefully plan it. It's not an easy thing to do. Sounds easy, but it's not easy.", "4ArPFplygJM-00039-00020837-00021491": "Lines need to be smooth and sharp, and you need to keep your typeface, that is", "4ArPFplygJM-00040-00021491-00021900": "the fonts. You need to keep them very simple, very straightforward, easy to", "4ArPFplygJM-00041-00021900-00022481": "understand. I always have a certain kind of style I use. I always use aerial font.", "4ArPFplygJM-00042-00022481-00022887": "I always have lines be a certain thickness, and arrows be a certain size", "4ArPFplygJM-00043-00022887-00023300": "and type, so I don't need to repeat doing this every time. Inside your thesis of", "4ArPFplygJM-00044-00023300-00023709": "course, all of your figures should follow the same kind of ideas, the same kind of", "4ArPFplygJM-00045-00023709-00024173": "design. Make sure that all the elements inside the figure are clearly labeled", "4ArPFplygJM-00046-00024173-00024722": "and explained. Now here's some examples. I guess the best way to understand figures", "4ArPFplygJM-00047-00024722-00025385": "is just to jump into examples. Now here is \"Fig 2 Virtual world group review and", "4ArPFplygJM-00048-00025385-00026025": "students negotiating inside the virtual world.\" So it's two screen captures from a", "4ArPFplygJM-00049-00026025-00026583": "research project, and you can see the screen capture is of a virtual space,", "4ArPFplygJM-00050-00026583-00027150": "where people are these other avatars or virtual people inside a virtual", "4ArPFplygJM-00051-00027150-00027845": "world. So what is so helpful about this picture? Well, this picture and my", "4ArPFplygJM-00052-00027845-00028311": "research helped me to explain what we were doing inside this experiment. We", "4ArPFplygJM-00053-00028311-00028806": "were giving students a chance to have class inside this virtual world. Now I", "4ArPFplygJM-00054-00028806-00029204": "can try to explain that by saying what? by saying virtual world? by saying", "4ArPFplygJM-00055-00029204-00029760": "computer world? by saying inside the network? but how can I explain that", "4ArPFplygJM-00056-00029760-00030183": "clearly? not easy. A picture is worth a thousand words, and this is a perfect", "4ArPFplygJM-00057-00030183-00030951": "example of a figure. Here are actual photographs, and of course when you", "4ArPFplygJM-00058-00030951-00031427": "publish, you often are limited to black and white and not color inside of", "4ArPFplygJM-00059-00031427-00031923": "research publications. So this is a black and white photo. You have to get it ready", "4ArPFplygJM-00060-00031923-00032700": "beforehand. You have to make sure that the depth of the gray scale is suitable", "4ArPFplygJM-00061-00032700-00033228": "for the journal, and in this case we have a couple supermarket shots. This", "4ArPFplygJM-00062-00033228-00033858": "is a supermarket, and this is a fresh market in Taiwan or China. It's", "4ArPFplygJM-00063-00033858-00034530": "in Taiwan. And here's \"Fig 1 RT-Mart's wet market metaphor.\" And this is an", "4ArPFplygJM-00064-00034530-00034893": "actual example from a journal I have published in. And you can see that in", "4ArPFplygJM-00065-00034893-00035406": "this journal, their rule is to say figure one with no period. Here, that's this", "4ArPFplygJM-00066-00035406-00036000": "journals rule. And then to have the caption here with no period, here also", "4ArPFplygJM-00067-00036000-00036534": "that's the journals rule. And again, you need to follow the rules of your journal", "4ArPFplygJM-00068-00036534-00037116": "that you're sending to or of your school or your department or your professor. It", "4ArPFplygJM-00069-00037116-00037548": "can be a little bit different for each one, and here we have another example", "4ArPFplygJM-00070-00037548-00037986": "this is a video. I want to have a video, but I can't put a video inside of a", "4ArPFplygJM-00071-00037986-00038670": "paper, can I? So this is a screen capture of the video. And then here it's listed", "4ArPFplygJM-00072-00038670-00039195": "as video. It's not figure, why? because it's not a figure. It's a video of course.", "4ArPFplygJM-00073-00039195-00039801": "This is not a video, so here is the link to where the reader can find the video.", "4ArPFplygJM-00074-00039801-00040035": "So it presents a video. So that's another", "4ArPFplygJM-00075-00040035-00040685": "example of a figure. It can be something a little bit different like a video, and", "4ArPFplygJM-00076-00040685-00041304": "here's a very creative figure. So this is actually a drawing, and it's a little bit", "4ArPFplygJM-00077-00041304-00041844": "abstract, a little bit interesting. These are ships on an ocean, but what does this", "4ArPFplygJM-00078-00041844-00042462": "mean? Tthis is a way to help the user understand the results of the research.", "4ArPFplygJM-00079-00042462-00042939": "So this is a paper I wrote with a couple other researchers, and what we're doing", "4ArPFplygJM-00080-00042939-00043422": "is we're trying to show an idea and the idea is about international trade and", "4ArPFplygJM-00081-00043422-00043923": "about international marketing and culture in different countries. And we're", "4ArPFplygJM-00082-00043923-00044382": "trying to represent our conclusion by saying the finding is like this. It's like", "4ArPFplygJM-00083-00044382-00044952": "a boat on the ocean, heading towards the target market, and here is a little table", "4ArPFplygJM-00084-00044952-00045810": "that's inside my figure. And this table has some abbreviations like GCC and G", "4ArPFplygJM-00085-00045810-00046377": "and LCC, and what do these mean? Well, we could put them down in a note, couldn't", "4ArPFplygJM-00086-00046377-00046821": "we? If we use the note in a table, that would be suitable. But you know what? In a", "4ArPFplygJM-00087-00046821-00047385": "figure, you can go ahead and put your notes actually right inside the figure", "4ArPFplygJM-00088-00047385-00047769": "if you want to, to make it easy to understand. So here I have a kind of key.", "4ArPFplygJM-00089-00047769-00048369": "What does all of this mean? Right here is a note, right inside of here. And here is", "4ArPFplygJM-00090-00048369-00048891": "an explanation of what is it I'm trying to explain here. So the user", "4ArPFplygJM-00091-00048891-00049335": "can quickly look at the picture, and see the ideas all inside this figure. And", "4ArPFplygJM-00092-00049335-00050001": "then outside the figure, is the caption here, which is Fig 7. And then the", "4ArPFplygJM-00093-00050001-00050565": "caption of pictures. Nnow that's a pretty crazy one. This it's like the craziest", "4ArPFplygJM-00094-00050565-00051039": "figure I've ever made, but it's not that unusua. We made it kind of a simple, an", "4ArPFplygJM-00095-00051039-00051378": "abstract, kind of like a child's drawing because they're trying to explain this", "4ArPFplygJM-00096-00051378-00051722": "is easy. This idea is easy to understand. A child could understand this with this", "4ArPFplygJM-00097-00051722-00052197": "simple drawing. In your research, you could use something like this, or you may use", "4ArPFplygJM-00098-00052197-00052620": "something that's more like a theoretical model. Or if you're doing biological", "4ArPFplygJM-00099-00052620-00052967": "research, Agricultural research, you probably be using some kind of", "4ArPFplygJM-00100-00052967-00053504": "photograph from an electron microscope, or something like that. In any", "4ArPFplygJM-00101-00053504-00053879": "case, the point is to make it easy to quickly look at it, and see what's my", "4ArPFplygJM-00102-00053879-00054300": "main point. I can read your discussion inside the end of the paper at the", "4ArPFplygJM-00103-00054300-00054678": "conclusion. And I can say, \"Hey, let me look here quickly and I can see your main", "4ArPFplygJM-00104-00054678-00055179": "point again.\" That's a great way to use a figure. So we're going to wrap it up on", "4ArPFplygJM-00105-00055179-00055804": "the tables and figures for this part, on this crazy one right here. And again it", "4ArPFplygJM-00106-00055804-00056358": "seems like a lot of rules, but the best way to understand this is to get your", "4ArPFplygJM-00107-00056358-00056970": "hands on a journal and follow exactly what they've done or to find examples", "4ArPFplygJM-00108-00056970-00057528": "of published articles, rather than just ask your friends: \"Hey, how do you do this?", "4ArPFplygJM-00109-00057528-00057858": "What do you think?\" or copy somebody's example and just put it in there. That's", "4ArPFplygJM-00110-00057858-00058173": "really not going to work too good. The best thing you can do is get the APA", "4ArPFplygJM-00111-00058173-00058869": "manual and follow its guidelines exactly. It's a little bit tedious I have to say.", "4ArPFplygJM-00112-00058869-00059029": "okay then, see you next time."}}, {"audio_id": "4ACE6OYOk50", "text": {"4ACE6OYOk50-00000-00000000-00000292": "How are you doing, SSA? This is Anthony", "4ACE6OYOk50-00001-00000292-00000905": "and we're going to quickly cover uploading and inserting images into your posts.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00002-00000963-00001257": "I'll show you how to do it and the different variations that occur.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00003-00001610-00002815": "Okay, let's say you've got text, text and text, like so. First thing you do", "4ACE6OYOk50-00004-00002886-00003355": "is you go and start uploading images. Now, whilst that's uploading,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00005-00003355-00003922": "you can just keep uploading if you want to, or you can even go ahead like so,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00006-00004015-00004502": "select multiple images and just open them, upload them like so.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00007-00004592-00005129": "[No audio - showing upload in progress]", "4ACE6OYOk50-00008-00005274-00005726": "And there you go. So there are 4 images that I've just uploaded and they're", "4ACE6OYOk50-00009-00005726-00006125": "ready for insertion. Now you'll see here you've got thumbnail and you've got full image.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00010-00006125-00006689": "And then up here you've got \"Insert every image\" as a thumbnail or a full image.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00011-00006792-00007691": "Now, if I were to insert every image as a full image, this is what happens.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00012-00007740-00008271": "You'll automatically put them in at their full size. So when you hit \"Create\"", "4ACE6OYOk50-00013-00008271-00009528": "you end up with this automatically and it will break each image onto a new line for you.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00014-00009637-00010652": "[No audio - demonstrating uploading multiple images]", "4ACE6OYOk50-00015-00010652-00011104": "There's something I want to show you here. This image here is actually", "4ACE6OYOk50-00016-00011104-00011856": "a really large image. It will automatically scale into the confines of your post,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00017-00011856-00012557": "the left and right margins. But if you click it, what it does is it opens right up", "4ACE6OYOk50-00018-00012557-00013504": "to its full size. That's pretty useless to see because you've got to scroll around", "4ACE6OYOk50-00019-00013504-00014209": "to actually go and see the full image. Now that's pretty pointless.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00020-00014209-00014558": "To get rid of it, to bring it back, you just click on it again and that will bring it", "4ACE6OYOk50-00021-00014558-00015060": "back to scale. So inserting very large images, that's one way you can do it.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00022-00015380-00015936": "Wherever you put the mouse cursor in here, is where the image will get put.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00023-00016015-00016663": "Now let's say that you did an \"Insert every picture\" as a thumbnail and hit \"Reply\",", "4ACE6OYOk50-00024-00016719-00016961": "what happens now is you have what's called a Lightbox.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00025-00017096-00017499": "So when someone clicks on it you get this Lightbox shadow over the top.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00026-00017606-00018149": "So now you can sit and flick through the images and see their full size in the Lightbox.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00027-00018246-00018627": "Except the Lightbox is in scale to the size of the screen. So when you get to", "4ACE6OYOk50-00028-00018627-00019806": "this really big image here, you get a better size of the actual picture,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00029-00019806-00020466": "based on the person's screen they're viewing on. You can always", "4ACE6OYOk50-00030-00020466-00020953": "click on the images here and scroll through them or you can come down here", "4ACE6OYOk50-00031-00020953-00022036": "and click the image you want. So that's another way to do it.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00032-00022036-00022404": "As I said with the inserting, you can always insert them individually.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00033-00022544-00023016": "[Clicking sounds]", "4ACE6OYOk50-00034-00023340-00024098": "So we're uploading them all and let's say we're going to write somethingů", "4ACE6OYOk50-00035-00024098-00024310": "Waiting for this to uploadů", "4ACE6OYOk50-00036-00024555-00025394": "[Typing sound]", "4ACE6OYOk50-00037-00025510-00026063": "All right. We go over here and we insert a thumbnail.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00038-00026387-00027628": "Oops! We'll just refresh the page. Okay.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00039-00027735-00028056": "[Typing sound]", "4ACE6OYOk50-00040-00028175-00028333": "Typing here.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00041-00028601-00029004": "[No audio other than mouse clicking sounds]", "4ACE6OYOk50-00042-00029004-00029569": "Let's upload all our imagesů Now we want to insert an image below there,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00043-00029569-00029736": "so we can put in the thumbnailů", "4ACE6OYOk50-00044-00029924-00030345": "[Clicking sounds]", "4ACE6OYOk50-00045-00030503-00030892": "And you can write in here. If you want to bring it up, then you can do so", "4ACE6OYOk50-00046-00030892-00031541": "and put it in there. So it's really here nor there, exactly how you do it,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00047-00031541-00032114": "but if you write like that for example, then this is what happens.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00048-00032222-00032634": "Now all I wanted to show you is we didn't insert the other three images.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00049-00032704-00033205": "So what happens is, if you don't insert images but you upload them onto the post,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00050-00033205-00033856": "then they automatically attach to the file, as attachments. And it's the same thing,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00051-00033856-00034377": "clicking on them as if you inserted them as a thumbnail, they come through using", "4ACE6OYOk50-00052-00034377-00035276": "the lightbox, like so. So that's how you can do it. But you can go in here and", "4ACE6OYOk50-00053-00035276-00036003": "remove any image however you really want to. You can't do it from out there,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00054-00036003-00037224": "but you can do it here. So if you want that down there, write some more here,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00055-00037466-00037973": "and let's say you now wanted to insert that one, so we'll save the changesů", "4ACE6OYOk50-00056-00038137-00039297": "So now only two of the images are actually as attachments, because", "4ACE6OYOk50-00057-00039297-00039752": "you inserted another one into the post. That automatically takes it", "4ACE6OYOk50-00058-00039752-00040353": "out of attachment and now it's in the post. So you can edit and change", "4ACE6OYOk50-00059-00040353-00040810": "and swap and do whatever you want to do as you go through it.", "4ACE6OYOk50-00060-00040907-00041350": "But that gives you an idea of how to upload them, whether you want them", "4ACE6OYOk50-00061-00041350-00042118": "as attachment, a thumbnail or insert as a full image. And you can even mix", "4ACE6OYOk50-00062-00042118-00043255": "thumbnails and full images. So let's say if you wanted to edit that, insert full image,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00063-00043255-00043873": "we know this one down here is a big one, so we'll insert that as a full image, and", "4ACE6OYOk50-00064-00043873-00044749": "that's going in there. We hit \"save\" and that will now load these two thumbnails,", "4ACE6OYOk50-00065-00044891-00045790": "so if you click on them you get the lightbox, like so, but if you click on this one", "4ACE6OYOk50-00066-00045790-00046178": "'cause you inserted it as a full image, you'll get exactly that: you click on it", "4ACE6OYOk50-00067-00046178-00046898": "and you can scroll around it. And now only the one image is attached", "4ACE6OYOk50-00068-00046898-00047502": "because it's not included in your posted content. So I hope that helps."}}, {"audio_id": "4AF5VFWsrn4", "text": {"4AF5VFWsrn4-00000-00000152-00000640": "Hi there, my name is Wolfgang Viechtbauer from Maastricht University in the Netherlands,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00001-00000696-00001272": "and I will be presenting on 'The metadata Package: A Collection of Meta-Analysis Datasets for R'.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00002-00001416-00002064": "One of the nice aspects of meta-analyses is that they often, not always but often,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00003-00002064-00002656": "include the full data set that was used for the analysis. So for example, down here you", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00004-00002656-00003247": "see Table 1 from the meta-analysis by Colditz and colleagues on the effectiveness of the BCG", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00005-00003247-00003904": "vaccine against tuberculosis. So for each of the studies included in this meta-analysis,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00006-00003904-00004360": "we have the number of participants in the vaccinated and in the control group,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00007-00004360-00004864": "the number of tuberculosis cases in each of these two groups, based on which we", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00008-00004864-00005392": "can compute an effect size measure like a risk ratio, which we can then meta-analyse.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00009-00005520-00006120": "So by extracting the data, one can build up an entire collection of meta-analysis data sets.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00010-00006184-00006728": "So we don't have to go back to the primary studies to find the data. We just go to the meta-analysis,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00011-00006792-00007368": "look for a table or an appendix where the data are reported, and this we can then include in", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00012-00007368-00008031": "our database. And this is useful for various purposes: for teaching purposes, for illustrating", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00013-00008031-00008696": "or testing methods, validating the analyses conducted, and for conducting sensitivity checks.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00014-00008840-00009440": "So what you see on this slide is the BCG data set that was included in the metafor", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00015-00009440-00009984": "package. So here we have essentially the same information as reported in Table 1,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00016-00010056-00010640": "except that we have the number of cases and non-cases in the vaccinated group and the number", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00017-00010640-00011160": "of cases and non-cases in the control group, but this is essentially the same information.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00018-00011264-00011848": "We can then use the escalc function from the metafor package to compute the effect sizes:", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00019-00011848-00012152": "in this case, these risk ratios. Or more specifically,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00020-00012208-00012816": "we will compute log risk ratios because this is what we need for the analysis. So here we have", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00021-00012816-00013400": "now this variable with these log risk ratios and the corresponding sampling variances.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00022-00013528-00014152": "These two variables we then pass on to the RMA function to conduct our meta-analysis", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00023-00014152-00014760": "using a random-effects model. So here are the results. Most importantly, at the end,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00024-00014760-00015360": "we will backtransform the results to an estimated average risk ratio with", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00025-00015360-00016063": "a corresponding confidence interval. So based on this meta-analysis, we estimate that, on average,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00026-00016063-00016800": "vaccinated individuals have a 50 % lower infection risk than non-vaccinated individuals.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00027-00016800-00017328": "And we can compare these results with what is reported in the meta-analysis. And we see", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00028-00017328-00017976": "that this matches up exactly, so we are able to reproduce the results from the meta-analysis", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00029-00017976-00018744": "exactly. In addition, we could conduct a bunch of sensitivity analyses to see how robust the results", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00030-00018744-00019328": "and conclusions are when we switch to a different method or model for meta-analysing these data.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00031-00019400-00019856": "So down here, you have the results from the standard random-effects model, but we could", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00032-00019856-00020464": "switch to a fixed-effects model or maybe use a so-called binomial normal model—and there are", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00033-00020464-00021104": "different types of those—or maybe one of several different Bayesian models to analyse these data.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00034-00021104-00021720": "Here we find that the results are relatively robust. So regardless of the method or model used,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00035-00021720-00022312": "we find on average roughly a 50 % lower infection risk in the vaccinated group.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00036-00022312-00022784": "The only difference here is the fixed-effects model, where the results are slightly different.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00037-00022904-00023424": "Over the years, I have included more and more data sets like this in the metafor package.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00038-00023424-00024000": "So each of these dots is a version of the metafor package that was released. And so over time,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00039-00024000-00024584": "you can see the number of data sets included, and eventually I got around to about 60 data", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00040-00024584-00025256": "sets included in the package. At a certain point though, I had the idea of moving these data sets", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00041-00025256-00025912": "into a separate data package. This would make it easier to add data sets without updating the", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00042-00025912-00026432": "code of the metafor package, and it would make it easier for others to contribute data sets.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00043-00026504-00027152": "I started working on this at the 2019 Evidence Synthesis Hackathon—together with Thomas, Emily,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00044-00027152-00027720": "Daniel, Alistair, and Kyle—and we eventually released the first version of this package", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00045-00027776-00028536": "two years later, so there was a bit of a delay, in 2021. So you find the link here to the CRAN", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00046-00028536-00029104": "page for the package, the GitHub repo; the documentation can also be found online,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00047-00029160-00030072": "nicely created using the pkgdown package. And currently, the package includes 79 data sets. The", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00048-00030072-00030888": "data sets have a consistent naming scheme, so they are all called dat., the author, the first author", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00049-00030888-00031512": "of the meta-analysis from which the data were extracted, and the publication year. And the data", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00050-00031512-00032064": "sets are also documented in a consistent manner, so we have: a general description of the data set;", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00051-00032064-00032712": "a description of each variable included; further details about the data set or the meta-analysis;", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00052-00032768-00033328": "the source of the data, so this is typically a publication from which the data were extracted;", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00053-00033392-00034008": "potentially, other relevant references, maybe if the same data were used in other publications;", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00054-00034088-00034568": "the person who extracted the data, so in case you find a mistake in the data extraction,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00055-00034568-00035264": "you know who to contact; examples illustrating the use of the data, so this could be just some", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00056-00035264-00035856": "simple analyses or maybe a full replication of all the analyses conducted in the meta-analysis;", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00057-00035936-00036752": "and then these concept terms. So each data set is tagged with one or multiple of these terms,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00058-00036752-00037264": "and they may describe the field or topic of the meta-analysis, and you see some examples", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00059-00037264-00037824": "here. They may also describe the type of outcome measure that was used in the meta-analysis. So", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00060-00037824-00038472": "we have meta-analyses conducted with correlation coefficients, as we saw earlier with risk ratios,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00061-00038472-00039040": "or standardised mean differences. And these concept terms can also describe the types of", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00062-00039040-00039720": "methods that were used in the analysis. So we have maybe meta-analysis using cluster robust", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00063-00039720-00040320": "inference, meta-regression type of analysis, multivariate models, network meta-analyses,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00064-00040320-00040936": "maybe data sets that include some outliers or that are illustrative of publication bias.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00065-00041000-00041560": "So these concept terms are really useful to find particular data sets that may be of interest to", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00066-00041560-00042088": "you. But of course, they need to be used across these different data sets in a consistent manner.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00067-00042088-00042672": "And this is a bit tricky. So if you add or change a concept term retrospectively, you have to go", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00068-00042672-00043192": "back through all the existing data sets and make sure that they are tagged accordingly.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00069-00043256-00043824": "And you can find a full list of the concept terms used, at least so far, under this link.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00070-00043960-00044416": "If you just want to get a listing of all of the data sets included in the package,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00071-00044416-00045184": "you can use this R command or you can look at the listing online. In addition, the package includes", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00072-00045184-00045704": "a function, the datsearch function, which allows you to search through the data sets", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00073-00045776-00046504": "based on their concept terms or even based on a full text search of the help files. By default,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00074-00046504-00047176": "that search searches based on the concept terms, so here we would find all the data sets tagged", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00075-00047176-00047840": "with standardised mean differences. We can also search based on multiple terms or again do a full", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00076-00047840-00048648": "text search if we set concept equal to false. Quite importantly, we want others to contribute", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00077-00048648-00049384": "new data sets to the package. So we have created a detailed workflow for doing so, which you can find", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00078-00049384-00049976": "under this link. And let me just describe some of the guiding principles here. So first of all,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00079-00049976-00050584": "we want the data sets to be named in a consistent manner. In addition, we want to make a distinction", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00080-00050584-00051240": "between the raw data and the data actually included in the package. Meta-analysis data sets", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00081-00051240-00051840": "are often very large, not so much in terms of the number of studies included, so the number of rows,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00082-00051840-00052367": "but in terms of the amount of information that is extracted from each of these studies. So often", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00083-00052367-00052936": "we have many variables, but not all of these variables may be so interesting for inclusion", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00084-00052936-00053655": "in the package. So there should be a raw data file in the data preparation script that takes", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00085-00053655-00054512": "the raw data file and turns it into the R data file that is included in the package. Finally,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00086-00054512-00055224": "we have written a function, the prep_dat function, which helps people to document their data set.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00087-00055224-00055920": "So for each data set, there needs to be an .Rd file, and this is the help file for the data set.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00088-00055984-00056488": "And not everybody is familiar with how to write these .Rd files, so the function creates a", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00089-00056488-00057279": "template that then can be completed by the person contributing a data set. And once you have created", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00090-00057279-00057991": "all these files—so you have the raw data file, the data preparation script, the R data file,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00091-00057991-00058640": "and the help file—then you can either make a pull request via GitHub or you if you're not familiar", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00092-00058640-00059184": "with a Git workflow, you can just send us the files and we will include them in the package.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00093-00059360-00059960": "At this year's ESMAR conference, we have also set up a hackathon related to the metadat package.", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00094-00060040-00060544": "The first goal will be to take the datsearch function and turn it into something a bit more", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00095-00060544-00061208": "fancy, namely a Shiny app that replicates its functionality but in a slightly more interactive", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00096-00061208-00061936": "way. The hackathon will also be a nice opportunity to add additional data sets to the package,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00097-00061936-00062520": "maybe improve the documentation where needed, and consider additional functionality. So if you would", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00098-00062520-00063104": "like to contribute a data set to the package, but you don't know how, well we will be available", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00099-00063104-00063784": "during the hackathon and we can help you add your data set to the metadat package. So the results", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00100-00063784-00064440": "and outcomes of this hackathon will be reported at the end of the conference. So that's it. Thank", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00101-00064440-00065008": "you for your attention. I also want to thank my co-authors of the package and all of the people", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00102-00065008-00065568": "who have already contributed data sets to the metadat package. And if you have any questions,", "4AF5VFWsrn4-00103-00065568-00066248": "comments, or suggestions, down here you can see how you can get in contact with me. Bye-bye."}}, {"audio_id": "4AWFYgBoe-g", "text": {"4AWFYgBoe-g-00000-00000702-00001153": "Alleged Texas School Shooter Says He Purposely Didn’t Shoot Certain Students", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00001-00001153-00001553": "The teenager whose alleged Friday shooting spree in a Texas high school left at least", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00002-00001553-00001996": "10 people dead and 10 others wounded, picked and chose his targets, according to a court", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00003-00001996-00002127": "document.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00004-00002127-00002583": "The 17-year-old suspected gunman was charged with capital murder of multiple persons and", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00005-00002583-00003046": "aggravated assault against a public servant after allegedly entering Santa Fe High school,", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00006-00003046-00003322": "where he was a student, and opening fire.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00007-00003322-00003759": "Dimitrios Pagourtzis “gave a statement admitting to shooting multiple people inside” the", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00008-00003759-00004131": "school “with the intent on killing people,” but also said “he did not shoot students", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00009-00004131-00004540": "he did like so he could have his story told,” according to an affidavit charging him with", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00010-00004540-00004810": "the crimes, Fox News reported.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00011-00004810-00005375": "The suspected gunman, who carried a Remington 870 shotgun and a .38 caliber pistol during", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00012-00005375-00005941": "the spree, had originally not planned to survive the attack, Texas Gov. Greg Abbot said, according", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00013-00005941-00006070": "to CNN.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00014-00006070-00006412": "Both guns were legally owned by the teenager’s father.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00015-00006412-00006804": "Abbott said Texas law enforcement authorities found information “contained in journals", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00016-00006804-00007193": "on his computer and his cell phone that he said that not only did he want to commit the", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00017-00007193-00007488": "shooting, but he wanted to commit suicide after the shooting.”", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00018-00007488-00007898": "“As you probably know, he gave himself up and admitted at the time he didn’t have", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00019-00007898-00008314": "the courage to commit the suicide, that he wanted to take his own life earlier,” Abbott", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00020-00008314-00008502": "told reporters.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00021-00008502-00008954": "Student Isabelle Laymance, who hid for safety in a closet during the attack, told The Washington", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00022-00008954-00009318": "Post the alleged gunman seemed uncertain after police made contact.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00023-00009318-00009621": "“‘I’ll surrender, but I need y’all to talk to me.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00024-00009621-00009993": "I can’t hear you, I think I’ve blown my eardrum out.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00025-00009993-00010136": "Can y’all get a megaphone?", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00026-00010136-00010263": "Don’t get near me.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00027-00010263-00010572": "I’ll come out to y’all,'” she said he told police.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00028-00010572-00011075": "“Then he said, ‘Give me a second, I’m thinking,’ and while he said that, you could", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00029-00011075-00011265": "hear him reloading his gun.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00030-00011265-00011534": "And then the cop would step closer and he would shoot.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00031-00011534-00011978": "And he said, ‘Don’t get closer to me,’” she said, adding that after a few minutes,", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00032-00011978-00012216": "he did give himself up.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00033-00012216-00012550": "Officials said the suspect had a clean record prior to Friday’s attack.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00034-00012550-00012919": "“As far as having a criminal history, he has none.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00035-00012919-00013213": "His slate is pretty clean,” Abbott said.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00036-00013213-00013560": "Abbott said there were no red flag warnings that could have alerted school officials to", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00037-00013560-00013694": "the attack.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00038-00013694-00014106": "One parent whose son knew the accused shooter said bullying could have been an issue.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00039-00014106-00014610": "Jeremy Severin, whose son played junior varsity football with the suspect, said he had been", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00040-00014610-00014930": "teased and bullied by football coaches and classmates.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00041-00014930-00015182": "The accused shooter played defensive tackle.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00042-00015182-00015666": "“Coaches would say that he stunk, smelled like crap,” Severin said.", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00043-00015666-00016186": "Another teammate, Tyler Ray, 18, said the alleged gunman was relatively quiet but had", "4AWFYgBoe-g-00044-00016186-00016423": "a good attitude, according to the Austin American-Statesman."}}, {"audio_id": "4B5wPlpiAyA", "text": {"4B5wPlpiAyA-00000-00001250-00001860": "Sorry mic on good morning everybody we have our chairman here this morning who", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00001-00001860-00002361": "would like to welcome us all to the beginning of this convening of this", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00002-00002361-00002997": "important chap i think mike has just left the area but he'll be back in in a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00003-00002997-00003585": "moment but please let me introduce the chairman of the CPSC Inez Tenenbaum good", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00004-00003585-00003847": "morning chairman", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00005-00003886-00004485": "well welcome everyone this is very exciting time for us here at the CPSC we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00006-00004485-00004982": "have not convened a chap in many years so we are just delighted that all of you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00007-00004982-00005648": "have agreed to serve on this very important committee and we just want you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00008-00005648-00006167": "to know how much we appreciate the time and effort that will it take to devote", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00009-00006167-00006783": "the serious science to this issue the work you're undertaking is extremely", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00010-00006783-00007320": "important to this agency and to Congress who are in the CPS AAA which is how we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00011-00007320-00007950": "refer to the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act asked us to impanel this", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00012-00007950-00008427": "esteemed group of experts to study the effects on children's health on all FAL", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00013-00008427-00008931": "ate and phthalates alternatives our agency's current phthalates limits apply", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00014-00008931-00009432": "to children's toys and children's childcare articles there are nuances in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00015-00009432-00009825": "the statutes that you will become much more familiar with in your work here and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00016-00009825-00010365": "what is important for you to recognize about your charge from Congress is that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00017-00010365-00010815": "you are to look broader in thinking about the risk and likely exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00018-00010815-00011394": "scenarios the work this panel has been charged with by Congress goes beyond the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00019-00011394-00011829": "exposure that might occur when children play with toys or sleep in their cribs", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00020-00011829-00012315": "you have been asked to examine the range of exposures including the exposures", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00021-00012315-00012834": "that could occur before birth you've also been asked what exposures can occur", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00022-00012834-00013272": "from things such as personal care products which may not even be in our", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00023-00013272-00013853": "jurisdiction the goal is to get the best scientific evaluation about the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00024-00013853-00014286": "uncertainties regarding exposure and the particular susceptor", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00025-00014286-00014880": "of children and pregnant women we can't think of a better group of people who", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00026-00014880-00015438": "are assembled here to evaluate the best available science and advise us on how", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00027-00015438-00015936": "to protect America's children so we look forward to working with you over the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00028-00015936-00016647": "course of the next year and we hope that you will enjoy your work as much as we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00029-00016647-00017169": "appreciate your being here also feel free to call me at any time my office is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00030-00017169-00017676": "on the seventh floor and if you have any questions or need assistance you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00031-00017676-00018302": "I'm here to help you in any way so thank you for serving", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00032-00019599-00020434": "thank you very much chairman Tenenbaum and let me second chairman sentiments", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00033-00020434-00021025": "that we appreciate very much your efforts the efforts of the chap in the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00034-00021025-00021649": "work that you will be doing in the coming months and we look forward to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00035-00021649-00022642": "working with you let me welcome you all to the first meeting of the chronic", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00036-00022642-00023167": "hazard advisory panel on phalates by Michael Babbage I'm the project manager", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00037-00023167-00024067": "for phthalates at CPSC and it's my honor to introduce to you the members of the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00038-00024067-00024907": "chap on phalates but if perhaps if the members wouldn't mind introducing", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00039-00024907-00025745": "themselves starting with dr. Koch yeah please", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00040-00025745-00026206": "well I'm huhgak off from Germany I'm working for the German socialist", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00041-00026206-00027043": "insurance which is Austin Institute for Occupational and prevention it's the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00042-00027043-00027366": "University Institute at the rural University Ohama", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00043-00027366-00027882": "I have tunnel first on steroids regarding exposure biomonitoring", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00044-00027882-00028377": "exposure assessments and parts also risk assessment maybe some of you know some", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00045-00028377-00028697": "of my publications and field", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00046-00029111-00029783": "my name is Phil Marcus and I've been retired since 2008 but prior to that I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00047-00029783-00030133": "was spent most of my career at the University of Washington and Department", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00048-00030133-00031018": "of Pediatrics and I'm a developmental toxicologist I am a Russ Howser and from", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00049-00031018-00031440": "the Harvard School of Public Health and Harvard Medical School trained as a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00050-00031440-00032046": "physician and epidemiologist in Auburn", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00051-00032262-00032959": "my name is Bernard Schwartz I my primary training experience background is as a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00052-00032959-00033418": "toxicologist and within that primarily reproductive and developmental", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00053-00033418-00033928": "toxicology two years ago I retired after 25 years in the US Public Health Service", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00054-00033928-00034571": "and in I have worked for industry I've worked within NIH I worked within the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00055-00034571-00035183": "FDA and more recently before I retired I was the director of the office for Human", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00056-00035183-00035466": "Research protections within the Department of Health and Human Services", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00057-00035466-00036161": "that's the office that is responsible for oversight of all research involving", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00058-00036161-00037262": "human subjects that is either conducted or sponsored by HHS I'm Chris Jennings", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00059-00037262-00037588": "I'm a professor of biostatistics at Virginia Commonwealth University in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00060-00037588-00038111": "Richmond Virginia and I've been interested in development of methods and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00061-00038111-00038915": "design issues for studies of chemical mixtures for quite a while I'm Andres", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00062-00038915-00039277": "cotton camp I'm a professor in toxicology at the School of Pharmacy and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00063-00039277-00039752": "University of London I'm mainly concerned with endocrine disruptors and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00064-00039752-00040309": "in particular with mixture effects of endocrine disruptors I've served on the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00065-00040309-00040684": "National Research Council committee which produced the report highlights the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00066-00040684-00041337": "tasks had really my expertise is in sesang and evaluating the effects of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00067-00041337-00041727": "multiple chemicals Oh", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00068-00041790-00042140": "morning my name is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00069-00045569-00046288": "thank you and I'd like to also introduce the sum of a phalates team members", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00070-00046288-00047525": "domine yes I'm Dominique Williams and ox ecologist here at CPSC Ken Carlson I'm", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00071-00047525-00048080": "also a toxicologist here at CPSC and Cheryl oyster Howard I'm a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00072-00048080-00049715": "pharmacologist thank you Michael Green I'm a statistician thank you and my my", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00073-00049715-00050612": "colleagues at CPSC have helped prepare some of the documents that were prepared", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00074-00050612-00052208": "in advance for the for the chap to assist them in their duties well let me", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00075-00052208-00052877": "talk a little bit about its today's agenda first I'm gonna give a little bit", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00076-00052877-00053455": "of the background in history of this project of the work on phthalates that's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00077-00053455-00054686": "been done at CPSC for a couple of decades there also will be an overview", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00078-00054686-00055883": "of phthalates a very quick and brief overview of the chemistry of phalates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00079-00055883-00056804": "and in some of the important toxicological issues and we will also", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00080-00056804-00057713": "talk about the the charge of this jab the scope of the work that is outlined", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00081-00057713-00058366": "in the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00082-00058486-00059179": "when we're done when the staff is done briefing the chap providing the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00083-00059179-00059749": "background information and so on we will take a break it'll probably be lunchtime", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00084-00059749-00060666": "by then but when we reconvene we will the the chap will elect a chair in a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00085-00060666-00061444": "vice chair and at that point the chair will take over the meeting in the chapel", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00086-00061444-00062841": "begin its deliberations and outlining its its work and let me just say that we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00087-00062841-00063678": "appreciate the the work the willingness of the chap members to serve and we're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00088-00063678-00064375": "extremely impressed by the by the by the knowledge and experience and ability", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00089-00064375-00065379": "that they bring to this panel so a little bit of the background the sort of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00090-00065379-00066394": "institutional history on phalates at CPSC in the 1980s de HP was the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00091-00066394-00066913": "principal fali that was used in children's products things like teether", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00092-00066913-00067966": "soft plastic toys and so on but then the National Toxicology program reported", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00093-00067966-00068445": "that dhp cause liver tumors and mice and rats", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00094-00068445-00069427": "so the CPSC initiated a rulemaking process we conducted a risk assessment", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00095-00069427-00070323": "did some research on exposure in convened a chronic hazard advisory panel", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00096-00070323-00071158": "eventually however the manufacturers simply removed de HP from teethers", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00097-00071158-00071838": "rattles in pacifiers these are the children's articles that they consider", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00098-00071838-00072447": "intended to be placed in child's mouth that voluntary ban was later", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00099-00072447-00073139": "incorporated into an AST standard known commonly as the toy safety standard and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00100-00073139-00073923": "so eventually the in because of the voluntary ban the rulemaking proceeding", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00101-00073923-00074987": "was terminated and for the most part de HP was replaced by another thali di NP", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00102-00075023-00076098": "now in about 1998 we were petition to ban PVC in children's products not just", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00103-00076098-00076686": "phthalates but actually PVC the petitioners Greenpeace and others", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00104-00076686-00077466": "actually ten different groups mentioned phthalates lead and other heavy metals", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00105-00077466-00078413": "as the potential health risks associated with PVC and so we began to investigate", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00106-00078413-00079122": "at that time the manufacturers voluntarily removed all phthalates from", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00107-00079122-00079701": "teethers and rattles by that time there were no phthalates and pacifiers that we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00108-00079701-00080742": "were aware of and they did this while we conducted our examination to assess the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00109-00080742-00081531": "the potential t di NP risk we did three things first we convened a chap the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00110-00081531-00082064": "purpose of the chap was to consider the potential chronic hazards from di NP in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00111-00082064-00082848": "these children's products but especially at the time the concern was about the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00112-00082848-00083507": "liver tumors that dhp and di NP produce in rodents these liver tumors are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00113-00083507-00084098": "associated with Barack's a process called peroxisome proliferation and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00114-00084098-00084831": "there was a question as to whether these tumors were relevant to humans because", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00115-00084831-00085145": "the question is were there there was no evidence of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00116-00085145-00085766": "that peroxisome proliferation would occur in humans so that was our actually", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00117-00085766-00086372": "our primary motivation in convening the chap we also conducted a study of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00118-00086372-00087269": "children's mouthing activity we observed children about 200 children up to 3", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00119-00087269-00088037": "years of age looked at what they put in their mouths how frequently and how", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00120-00088037-00088553": "often and one of the findings of that study is that childrens mouthing", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00121-00088553-00089147": "activity it's a very intermittent process a toy or at either will go in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00122-00089147-00089729": "and out of the child's mouth many times during the course of a day but the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00123-00089729-00090284": "actual time it's in their mouth is is was much less than we expected before", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00124-00090284-00090857": "this we and others had assumed that children you know had teethers in their", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00125-00090857-00091298": "mouth for hours and pacifies err pacifiers in their mouths for you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00126-00091298-00091943": "many hours a day and we found that that wasn't true that in fact the most common", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00127-00091943-00092728": "thing that children mouth is their fingers and they mouth just about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00128-00092728-00093346": "everything that they can get their hands on but most of those things it's very", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00129-00093346-00094687": "infrequent we also worked on laboratory methods for measuring di InP migration", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00130-00094687-00095438": "to estimate oral exposure from children mouthing these articles there was a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00131-00095438-00096425": "method developed in Europe and it was actually validated with volunteers adult", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00132-00096425-00097271": "human volunteers to to measure the amount of di and P that can migrate into", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00133-00097271-00097525": "saliva", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00134-00097844-00098726": "so the chap concluded they published their report in 2001 they concluded that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00135-00098726-00099200": "that the cancer risk was negligible or non-existent they said that the process", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00136-00099200-00099804": "of peroxisome proliferation is is not easily inducible at the least is not", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00137-00099804-00100651": "easily inducible in humans and therefore there was little or no cancer risk from", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00138-00100651-00101229": "that process and therefore the liver tumors were not considered relevant they", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00139-00101229-00102129": "also concluded that di NP exposure from mouthing teethers rattles and soft", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00140-00102129-00102479": "plastic toys posed a minimal to non-existent", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00141-00102479-00103111": "risk and the the critical endpoint the the most sensitive endpoint for di and P", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00142-00103111-00103943": "in the absence of the liver tumors became chronic liver toxicity di and P", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00143-00103943-00104285": "of course some people are concerned about endocrine disruption or", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00144-00104285-00105000": "developmental effects di and P is less potent than some of the other phthalates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00145-00105000-00105833": "in inducing those kinds of effects so in that case the liver was the most", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00146-00105833-00106713": "sensitive endpoint in therefore was used to for that risk assessment later on", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00147-00106713-00107102": "when all the other work was completed the observation study in the laboratory", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00148-00107102-00107654": "work of the staff we had a little more data to work with and we also concluded", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00149-00107654-00108101": "that soft plastic toys teethers and rattles were not had as hazardous to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00150-00108101-00108686": "children I think we had a little more data so a little more confidence in our", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00151-00108686-00109425": "conclusions so the petition to ban PVC was denied partly because of this work", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00152-00109425-00110370": "in some other work that was done the main limitation of the work on di NP is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00153-00110370-00111289": "that it was one fali in one class of products of course even in 1998 and two", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00154-00111289-00111764": "people were concerned about the aware that we were exposed to multiple", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00155-00111764-00112309": "phalates in concerned about the the cumulative risks but we just didn't have", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00156-00112309-00113128": "the tools to do a cumulative risk assessment and that we have today a lot", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00157-00113128-00113842": "of the key papers you know Earl Grey's some of our grace papers and some of the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00158-00113842-00114524": "early biomonitoring studies were just published as we were finishing up the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00159-00114524-00115453": "work and you know the work how to shells paper on the mixed year in the the NRC", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00160-00115453-00116988": "report swans paper were all published since then so in nineteen in 2008", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00161-00116988-00117751": "Congress passed the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act and one set", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00162-00117751-00118579": "section of this Act applies to phthalate section 108 and it does a number of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00163-00118579-00119222": "things first it bans the use of three phthalates dibutyl phthalate butyl", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00164-00119222-00120166": "benzyl and de HP at a level of more than 0.1% in children's toys and childcare", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00165-00120166-00121022": "articles it also bans on an interim basis three additional phthalates di n P", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00166-00121022-00122000": "di D P and D n o P these are banned from children's toys that can be placed in a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00167-00122000-00122995": "child's mouth and child care articles now the Act defines children's toy as a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00168-00122995-00123794": "product that's marketed and intended for use by a child while playing it's a it's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00169-00123794-00124571": "a broad definition and in fact the staff is right now working on clarifying that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00170-00124571-00124826": "deaf exactly what does that you know there's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00171-00124826-00125592": "that Inc obviously it includes dolls and action figures and so on rubber duckies", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00172-00125592-00126349": "but does it include things like you know tricycles and bicycles and sporting", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00173-00126349-00127022": "sports equipment the staff is working on clarify flying clarifying these", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00174-00127022-00127550": "definitions right now but it's important to know that the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00175-00127550-00128035": "definition of children's toy and the childcare articles the scope of the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00176-00128035-00128620": "CPSIA is much broader than the risk assessments that we have done previously", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00177-00128620-00129535": "they also define childcare article somewhat in a somewhat narrow way they", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00178-00129535-00130141": "limit it to articles you for use marketed intended for use by children", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00179-00130141-00131065": "three and under that facilitate feeding mouthing what is it sleeping feeding and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00180-00131065-00131996": "teething so it would not necessarily include children's clothing for example", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00181-00131996-00132896": "or things for bathing childcare products or not necessarily include the whole", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00182-00132896-00133930": "scope of what people might consider a childcare product also the the interim", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00183-00133930-00134641": "ban apply in the case of toys it's only toys that can be placed in a child's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00184-00134641-00135004": "mouth and there and they have a definition if there's a certain size I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00185-00135004-00135476": "forget how many centimeters in one dimension but it's small enough to fit", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00186-00135476-00136558": "in a child's mouth also would like to point out the European Union passed a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00187-00136558-00137467": "very similar regulation several years ago and that involves the same three the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00188-00137467-00137980": "same six phthalates but if you're familiar with that regulation", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00189-00137980-00138573": "the details the scope and so on the products that are covered there are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00190-00138573-00139240": "differences between the CPSIA regulation and the European regulation and I know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00191-00139240-00139867": "that causes some confusion because that regulation now has been existence for in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00192-00139867-00140440": "existence for a while and a lot of people assume it's the same but some of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00193-00140440-00140773": "the details differ and in fact we're still working out what some of those", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00194-00140773-00142177": "details will be and it also calls for us calls on us CPSC to convene a chap on", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00195-00142177-00142812": "phalates invalid substitutes this is to address the cumulative risks from", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00196-00142812-00143710": "exposure to phalates in children's products as well as all other sources of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00197-00143710-00145573": "exposure in potential phthalates substitutes so you just take a little a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00198-00145573-00147076": "little break here and ask the panel if there are any questions okay continuing", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00199-00147076-00147958": "on I'd like to give a very brief not very detailed overview of phthalates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00200-00147958-00148735": "both the chemistry in the toxicology of attention health effects and of course", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00201-00148735-00149369": "in doing so I realized that some of the people on the chat some of the people in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00202-00149369-00150172": "the audience know a lot more about this than I do I also realize that there's so", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00203-00150172-00150787": "much information that I can't possibly cover everything I'm bound to omit some", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00204-00150787-00151308": "details that may be important to the risk assessment", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00205-00151308-00152067": "depending on you know your expert expertise you may feel is leaving out", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00206-00152067-00152448": "something critical and I don't want to anyone have the impression that I'm", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00207-00152448-00153071": "trying to leave something out or glossing over something just because of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00208-00153071-00153843": "the short time I I need to talk in generalities and I want to do this", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00209-00153843-00154500": "because I know some of the the chap members in their work are very much", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00210-00154500-00155085": "focused on phalates per se have a lot of experience with phthalates others may", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00211-00155085-00155910": "not so I just wanted to take an opportunity to give a brief of overview", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00212-00155910-00156996": "so that we have sort of a common starting point when we're talking about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00213-00156996-00157439": "Val AIDS we're really talking about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00214-00157586-00158325": "we're really talking about dialkyl esters of ortho fali as shown in the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00215-00158325-00159234": "general structure here based on information from EPA is tomaters about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00216-00159234-00159915": "30 commercial products known as phthalates in the literature you could", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00217-00159915-00160731": "actually find there's probably a couple hundred phalates at least of these", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00218-00160731-00161163": "thirty phalates maybe half of them are high", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00219-00161163-00161862": "production volume chemicals and metabolites of at least 10 of these have", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00220-00161862-00162926": "been detected in human urine and other human or blood or other other fluids now", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00221-00162926-00163721": "90% of the phthalates production or problem maybe more is used as", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00222-00163721-00164452": "plasticizers for PVC the de berry the the writer says that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00223-00164452-00165151": "the four building blocks of the universe are fire water gravel and vinyl so it's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00224-00165151-00165889": "no doubt that I mean this is why we're here this is why Val eights are so", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00225-00165889-00166399": "ubiquitous why there are so many why they are such important commercial", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00226-00166399-00167368": "products the other 10% of plasticizer production has uses that you might call", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00227-00167368-00168064": "all of the above they're solvents they can be plasticizers and they they tend", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00228-00168064-00168622": "to show up you can't it's hard for me to get a handle on all the uses they tend", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00229-00168622-00169431": "to show up in places where I don't expect them to be anyway these are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00230-00169431-00169972": "viscous lists liquids they're hydrophobic some of them are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00231-00169972-00170839": "extreme hydrophobes they have law K values 8 or 9 generally low vapor", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00232-00170839-00171720": "pressures of their semi-volatile and they're physico chemical properties are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00233-00171720-00172162": "determined in part by the carbon backbone both the length of the carbon", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00234-00172162-00172960": "backbone in the in the branching and that this in turn affects how a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00235-00172960-00173374": "particular phthalates is used in products what it's used for", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00236-00173374-00174088": "it affects exposure and it can even affect the toxicology of the phalates as", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00237-00174088-00174852": "we'll see in a little bit the industry classifies Val eighths into three types", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00238-00174852-00175528": "there are the shorter chain or low molecular weight phalates like dimethyl", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00239-00175528-00176074": "Valley and diethyl phthalate are used mainly as solvents they're plasticizers", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00240-00176074-00176875": "for cellulosic plastics they're used in fragrance products", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00241-00176875-00177332": "there's some sort of a carrier or fixative or something", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00242-00177332-00178016": "that's mixed in with fragrances skipping down to the the long chain or high", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00243-00178016-00178607": "weight ones dicen oh no phthalates die a slow death daesil Valley these are used", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00244-00178607-00179390": "exclusively as PVC plasticizers the in-between ones the transitional ones", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00245-00179390-00180191": "dibutyl butyl benzyl are used for a little bit of a little bit of everything", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00246-00180191-00180689": "they can be solvents they can be plasticizers I a little puzzled why they", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00247-00180689-00181154": "classic consider deh B to be a transitional valley I thought it was", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00248-00181154-00181858": "more like a moral like di n P and D IDP", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00249-00182017-00182576": "perhaps there are other other schemes that classify it just a little bit", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00250-00182576-00183128": "differently also when we're talking about phthalates there are some things", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00251-00183128-00183836": "we need to keep in mind there are branched in linear phalates the alkyl", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00252-00183836-00184457": "groups or the alcohol groups the side chains of course determined the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00253-00184457-00184982": "different phthalates now unlike what we learned in organic chemistry for the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00254-00184982-00185317": "alcohols that have more than six carbon atoms", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00255-00185317-00186161": "the prefix ISO doesn't mean a methyl group at the second-to-last carbon atom", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00256-00186161-00186655": "and you know otherwise straight chain it means that these are mixtures of isomers", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00257-00186655-00187625": "with different branching and so the ISO alcohols in the ISO phthalates die so no", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00258-00187625-00188462": "dye isit Dessel are complex substances they consist of a mixture of many", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00259-00188462-00189092": "different isomers with different branching pattern patterns not only that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00260-00189092-00189796": "they can be made by different processes so di + P + di DP have at least two", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00261-00189796-00190390": "caste numbers each corresponding to different processes", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00262-00190412-00191024": "the product made by the different processes its are considered", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00263-00191024-00191732": "interchangeable that can be used for all the same things but they the mix of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00264-00191732-00192316": "isomers is a little bit different you can even have different chain lengths", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00265-00192316-00192989": "one form of di MP is described as c9 rich in other words it's mostly known", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00266-00192989-00193804": "but there's some eight carbons and ten carbon chains that are present as well", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00267-00193804-00194465": "so we need to keep in mind that you know di and P is not one chemical it's a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00268-00194465-00195326": "mixture also the commercial products might not be pure the linear alcohols", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00269-00195326-00195785": "for example or the linear phthalates could have significant amounts of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00270-00195785-00196462": "branched chain impurities you know 1020 percent or something in vice-versa", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00271-00196462-00197564": "so it it's helpful to keep in mind that these aren't you know pure compounds", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00272-00197564-00198245": "that were necessarily used to working with an in a research lab now by and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00273-00198245-00198860": "large the phthalates are metabolized absorbed and metabolized and excreted", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00274-00198860-00199789": "fairly rapidly within about a day you know the metabolites in your body fluids", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00275-00199789-00200429": "probably represent the last days worth of exposure or something like that the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00276-00200429-00201278": "first step is the digester is cleaved actually in the gut when you take it", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00277-00201278-00202355": "orally its cleave to the mono ester the mono ester the putative I know ester is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00278-00202355-00203149": "the putative active metabolite or toxic metabolite and this happens very rapidly", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00279-00203149-00203797": "this can be clean further to give phthalic acid", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00280-00203806-00204443": "for the longer change chain phalates things like more than four carbon atoms", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00281-00204443-00205304": "can also be oxidized either at the second-to-last carbon or the last carbon", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00282-00205304-00206573": "so you can have carboxy hydroxy in aqsa metabolites and finally these oxidized", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00283-00206573-00207513": "metabolites can be glucuronidation exterior onna dated and free metabolites", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00284-00207513-00208369": "and depending on the molecular weight they're there excreted in the urine and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00285-00208369-00208966": "the feces but the mix depends on the molecular weight the higher ones tend to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00286-00208966-00209837": "be more excreted more in the feces the oxidative metabolites are important for", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00287-00209837-00210335": "bio monitoring studies in the first biomonitoring studies people measured", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00288-00210335-00211007": "the mono esters and that's great for the lower molecular weight valleys but for", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00289-00211007-00211841": "some of the higher molecular weight ones like deh p di NP them these are the most", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00290-00211841-00212698": "abundant metabolites that are found in urine which is the preferred method for", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00291-00212698-00213361": "bio monitoring studies and so some of the early studies lacked sensitivity", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00292-00213361-00214466": "because they weren't considering these now this kind of sums up the toxicology", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00293-00214466-00215261": "of phthalates and in in a slide by and large they're not acutely toxic most of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00294-00215261-00216014": "them have ld50s over five thousand milligrams per kilogram they're mild to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00295-00216014-00216725": "two non skin and eye irritants generally not a lot of sensitization although", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00296-00216725-00217488": "there have been some reports I suppose and they're not genotoxic in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00297-00217488-00218386": "any conventional bioassay in vivo in vitro bacteria or eukaryotes", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00298-00218386-00219027": "so we're generally concerned about the effects in from chronic health effects", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00299-00219027-00219804": "from chronic and subchronic studies in the in sub chronic and chronic studies", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00300-00219804-00220806": "the liver and the kidney are the most common targets one target organs the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00301-00220806-00221482": "testes is actually it's very much dependent on the structure of the Feli", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00302-00221482-00222308": "one of the common results of Fallot exposure is the activation of PPA our", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00303-00222308-00223048": "alpha PPA our alpha is a nuclear receptor and transcription regulator", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00304-00223048-00223673": "among other things it induces in rodents peroxisome proliferation and the liver", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00305-00223673-00224234": "cell proliferation and ultimately liver tumors now", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00306-00224234-00224894": "PPA our alpha may be required for some of the toxic some of the other toxic", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00307-00224894-00225873": "effects of phalates in studies with PPA our alpha no mice some of these effects", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00308-00225873-00226384": "like the liver and kidney toxicity occurred but they occurred later and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00309-00226384-00227344": "with less severity however it does not appear that PPA our alpha is necessary", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00310-00227344-00228056": "for the some of the developmental effects that we're going to talk about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00311-00228056-00228710": "one of the PPA our alpha is significant because humans have PPA our alpha and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00312-00228710-00229532": "phthalates activate it but in humans PPA our alpha induces a different set of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00313-00229532-00229894": "genes than it does in the road", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00314-00230014-00230789": "there are actually relatively few other tumour sites than the liver of course", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00315-00230789-00231456": "look you always see modern nuclear cell leukemia in fisher rats or almost always", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00316-00231456-00232565": "in for some very strong peroxisome proliferator x' are associated with the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00317-00232565-00233295": "so called tumor triad which is the liver pancreas and testicular germ cells and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00318-00233295-00233806": "you do see with the the phthalates are actually very weak peroxisome", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00319-00233806-00234451": "proliferator x' compared to two other compounds and you do see occasionally", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00320-00234451-00235294": "some benign testicular tumors latex cell tumors not germ cell tumors there were a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00321-00235294-00236047": "few pancreatic carcinomas in a couple of the bio assays but for the most part you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00322-00236047-00236722": "don't see the triad and there were in with di NP at least", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00323-00236722-00237447": "there were some kidney tumors in male rats which were attributed to alpha 2", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00324-00237447-00238324": "microglobulin or 2u globulin and if you look at the studies hard enough you I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00325-00238324-00238843": "mean there's an occasional site where you see of some tumors or some", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00326-00238843-00239794": "hyperplasia but for the most part it's it's the liver tumors that are the most", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00327-00239794-00240571": "common but not by no means seen with all of the phthalates and what people are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00328-00240571-00241075": "most concerned about what has gotten the most attention is the reproductive and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00329-00241075-00242199": "developmental effects and this includes various kinds of effects variations", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00330-00242199-00242971": "malformations in the skeleton in the viscera as well as", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00331-00242971-00243598": "effects on the male development depending on the time of exposure the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00332-00243598-00244966": "window during prenatal exposure this slide shows the sums up the data for the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00333-00244966-00245733": "six phthalates that are mentioned in the CPSIA plus dimethyl and diethyl to low", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00334-00245733-00246309": "molecular weight ones in the just the point I want to make here is the liver", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00335-00246309-00247198": "and is a common to all of these the kidney is the next most common and this", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00336-00247198-00248046": "may be significant from the standpoint of a cumulative risk assessment the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00337-00248046-00249001": "testes are a target only for particular ones peroxisome proliferation is also", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00338-00249001-00249988": "not universal there are reproductive effects have been shown for some but but", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00339-00249988-00250548": "not all of them developmental effects and in this case I'm lumping everything", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00340-00250548-00251317": "together all the kinds of developmental effects they are are common but we'll", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00341-00251317-00251946": "talk a little bit more about this later the diethyl here the little plus or", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00342-00251946-00252841": "minus I think there was some reduced pup weights or something this was not the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00343-00252841-00253233": "kind of malformation as you see with some of the other phthalates none of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00344-00253233-00253876": "them is jino toxic and actually so I on this list only two of course they all", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00345-00253876-00254496": "haven't been tested but I was a little bit surprised that only two of them had", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00346-00254496-00255357": "tumors associated with them I expected to see more carcinogenicity I think", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00347-00255357-00256261": "skipped this and this is just illustrate this is peroxisome proliferation", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00348-00256261-00257021": "in vivo and for various phthalates this is increasing molecular weight so is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00349-00257021-00257646": "dibutyl phthalate benzyl butyl valley are pretty weak", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00350-00257646-00258558": "deh p di NP branched ones and di DP which are branched phthalates are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00351-00258558-00259521": "relatively strong 610 7-eleven in diane daesil these are linear phthalates and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00352-00259521-00260284": "they're pretty weak 610 means six to ten carbon atoms likes it a mixture of six", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00353-00260284-00261013": "eight and ten this is like a mixture 7 9 and 11 and this is died on daesil so 11", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00354-00261013-00261669": "carbon atoms and they're relatively weak so not everything is a peroxisome", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00355-00261669-00262771": "proliferator not everything causes liver tumors and of course this is the the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00356-00262771-00263145": "real reason why we're here why people are so concerned about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00357-00263145-00263935": "phalates because of the what some people call endocrine disruption you can call", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00358-00263935-00264859": "it developmental toxicity or and so on but this is the the phalates syndrome in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00359-00264859-00265492": "which is described in rodents certain and phalates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00360-00265492-00266191": "inhibit testosterone production and this has a number of effects the most", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00361-00266191-00266821": "profound effects are in male pups exposed during late gestation what some", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00362-00266821-00267532": "people have termed perinatal exposure they exposed from late gestation into", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00363-00267532-00268756": "lactation and those the results or the the effects of this are include reduced", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00364-00268756-00269473": "anogenital distance nipple retention undescended testes in hypospadias so", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00365-00269473-00270388": "there's a range for subtle effects - Frank malformations and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00366-00270388-00271327": "while the male pop the male fetus is the most sensitive Jew they are juvenile", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00367-00271327-00272063": "males are also sensitive more sensitive than adult males but enough exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00368-00272063-00272558": "even adult males are sensitive high enough exposure for a long enough period", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00369-00272558-00273293": "of time and there are effects in the in the female fetus as well there can be", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00370-00273293-00274465": "malformations there can be in at least one study when they mature there were", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00371-00274465-00275339": "behavioral effects so but the point point here is that the male pups are the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00372-00275339-00275671": "most profoundly affected", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00373-00275692-00276395": "structure-activity relationship is pretty specific this is caused by FAL", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00374-00276395-00277193": "falater phthalates having 3 to 6 carbon atoms or end there's a number of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00375-00277193-00277874": "branching branched ones like deh P so the conclusion well whether it means", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00376-00277874-00278516": "it's because it's branching at the c2 position or maybe it's because of the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00377-00278516-00279851": "branching it looks like you know a butyl or a hexyl as opposed to an octal and of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00378-00279851-00280469": "course the what's really has us concerned is that if you expose the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00379-00280469-00281138": "animals to multiple phthalates multiple active ones the effects are additive I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00380-00281138-00281744": "mean one report they're even synergistic but the point is there's a cumulative", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00381-00281744-00282457": "risk from exposure to these phthalates and it's not even just the phthalates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00382-00282457-00282889": "cumulative exposure to other", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00383-00282921-00283321": "compounds that inhibit testosterone production even if they have a different", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00384-00283321-00283893": "mode of action the the phthalates are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00385-00283968-00284422": "anti-androgen some people think they're as synthetic estrogens they're not they", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00386-00284422-00285309": "block the ability of the testes to produce - they block the synthesis of of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00387-00285309-00285952": "testosterone there are some other compounds of flu to my and so on that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00388-00285952-00286444": "have a different their people actually block the receptor they have a different", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00389-00286444-00287221": "mode of action but these other compounds are still act in concert with the with", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00390-00287221-00288211": "the phalates and this is just a summary of the active and inactive compounds", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00391-00288211-00289194": "active ones propyl butyl pencil and hexyl also some of the isomeric ones", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00392-00289194-00290020": "butyl benzyl de HP dicen no no is active but it's less potent than the others", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00393-00290020-00290527": "it's a mixture of presumably is because it's a mixture of isomers and some of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00394-00290527-00291078": "the isomers are active probably some are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00395-00291153-00291781": "inactive anything you know dimethyl diethyl too short", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00396-00291781-00292627": "diane kept those too long died t-butyl is not active apparently doesn't fit the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00397-00292627-00293356": "receptor whatever the receptor is and fortunately the other phthalates the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00398-00293356-00293848": "other isomers the Terra or para isomer the ISO phthalates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00399-00293848-00295033": "are not active as well there have been a few epidemiological studies on", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00400-00295033-00295687": "phthalates that have been published most of these involve some comparing the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00401-00295687-00296002": "health effects to some sort of bio monitoring", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00402-00296002-00296982": "data they've looked at a variety of endpoints like effects on semen quality", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00403-00296982-00298438": "Swan course looked at reduced anogenital distance in male infants in so on people", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00404-00298438-00299328": "have looked at main look main looked at hormone levels in males that were", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00405-00299328-00300025": "exposed via lactation there's one on reduced birth weight and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00406-00300025-00300481": "I think there's since been at least one that looked at exposures excuse me that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00407-00300481-00301620": "looked at behavior and finally I guess I there is one that I forgot to put in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00408-00301620-00302413": "that's not here on the slide but it's a looked at the ability of Val aids like", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00409-00302413-00303460": "de HP and di MP and house dust the association with asthma now most of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00410-00303460-00304179": "these studies they're looking at correlations between exposures in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00411-00304179-00304654": "certain health effects one of the problems one of the confounding factors", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00412-00304654-00305308": "is well a were all exposed and we're all exposed to multiple phalates so not to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00413-00305308-00305980": "mention we're exposed to lots of other chemicals some of which may also have", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00414-00305980-00306544": "similar effects so generally what you're seeing in these studies is is some", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00415-00306544-00307270": "correlations there very suggestive but there's no causal no causal link as yet", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00416-00307270-00308038": "in one of the the puzzling factors about these studies is sometimes the strongest", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00417-00308038-00308599": "associations are seen with diethyl and dimethyl and they are the ones that are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00418-00308599-00308963": "not active in the animals I mean maybe people are different I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00419-00308963-00309246": "don't know but that's a little bit of a puzzle and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00420-00309246-00309953": "sometimes you don't see an association with the active ones like deh b or di NP", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00421-00309953-00310482": "but the work continues I understand that some dr. Houser and some of his", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00422-00310482-00311163": "colleagues are working on alternate study designs case-control type designs", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00423-00311163-00312285": "that might be able to shed more light on this one of the important developments", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00424-00312285-00312758": "in the last ten years has been the availability of biomonitoring data", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00425-00312758-00313452": "urinary metabolites are preferred are the preferred method for a couple of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00426-00313452-00314193": "reasons one it's not invasive it's relatively inexpensive and also because", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00427-00314193-00314727": "you're measuring metabolites in phalates are ubiquitous they're present and lab", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00428-00314727-00315324": "wear and flooring and so on so that reduces your concern about contamination", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00429-00315324-00315954": "by you if you're measuring the falater as opposed to the parent compound we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00430-00315954-00316323": "have pretty good data for the general population and there are methods for", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00431-00316323-00317220": "estimating exposure from the metabolite levels unfortunately the the data for", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00432-00317220-00317973": "infants children 3 and under and expectant mothers are limited there are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00433-00317973-00319104": "some data there's not a great deal and as paul alluded to the dr. Loy the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00434-00319104-00319767": "National Children's Study is among other things will obtain data biomonitoring", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00435-00319767-00320283": "data urinary metabolites from children there are mothers basically from", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00436-00320283-00320880": "conception through childhood and some of the people involved with the study have", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00437-00320880-00321432": "told me that there's a chance that some of those data will be available in time", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00438-00321432-00322128": "for the chap to take advantage of we you know that remains to be seen but we're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00439-00322128-00322747": "hopeful anyway so far 10 the metabolites from 10 different", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00440-00322747-00323425": "valleys have been identified and that includes I think 21 or 22 metabolites at", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00441-00323425-00324118": "least the in Hanes is ongoing there's a new set of data that's out that needs to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00442-00324118-00325048": "be analyzed and so on and there are bio monitoring studies going on in in a lot", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00443-00325048-00325935": "of other countries including Canada and Europe I mean probably others as far as", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00444-00325935-00326433": "sources of exposure identifying the particular sources and pathways is a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00445-00326433-00327135": "little more difficult I mean biomonitoring tells you it is very good", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00446-00327135-00327834": "for telling you what the total exposure is for the most part people have thought", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00447-00327834-00328434": "that food is the major source of exposure for most valets but I think you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00448-00328434-00328777": "know the more I look at the exposure data I think the the harder it is to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00449-00328777-00329661": "really pin this down phthalates and food they could be in the food itself during", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00450-00329661-00330382": "growth it they're mostly in fatty foods meat and dairy products it can come from", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00451-00330382-00331150": "processing it can come from packaging the people at the FDA and the people who", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00452-00331150-00331738": "make phthalates the manufacturers say that in the United States PVC and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00453-00331738-00332182": "phthalates are not used a lot in food packaging so that leaves background", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00454-00332182-00332861": "general background exposure and perhaps food processing as the major sources but", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00455-00332861-00333346": "really food can be contaminated at almost any stage it can be contaminated", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00456-00333346-00334216": "sitting on on your on your table at home personal care products can have lower", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00457-00334216-00335041": "molecular weight Val eats mainly ethyl and butyl there are medical devices that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00458-00335041-00335701": "contain de HP and this effects can affect", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00459-00335701-00336486": "a narrow sub population of people people undergoing major medical procedures and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00460-00336486-00337177": "or kidney dialysis there's a lot of violin automobile interiors there in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00461-00337177-00337864": "consumer products home furnishings fragrance products children's products", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00462-00337864-00338457": "although obviously that's changing we can also be exposed from the environment", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00463-00338457-00339124": "that includes household does household dust is a magnet for semi volatile", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00464-00339124-00339634": "compounds and other pollutants and that can be a significant source of exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00465-00339634-00340294": "or pathway of exposure especially for children it's not entirely clear how it", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00466-00340294-00341721": "gets from the products to the dust and what the factors are that affect that so", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00467-00341874-00342780": "10 o'clock and I'm wondering if we might want to pause to take a little break", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00468-00342780-00343677": "earn you a question well the presence of phthalates and their metabolites in well", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00469-00343677-00344200": "they're they're present everywhere I mean the present in human milk and cows", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00470-00344200-00345079": "milk in milk you sometimes see not just the metallo I'm not sure why you see", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00471-00345079-00345607": "metabolites and you see some parent compound so I'm not sure what's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00472-00345607-00346192": "happening there if that's because of some source of contamination because you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00473-00346192-00346966": "would expect at least from oral exposure the mother for example you expect it to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00474-00346966-00347716": "be metabolized first so that's a little bit of a puzzle primarily I'm looking", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00475-00347716-00348006": "for is whether or not", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00476-00348064-00348724": "is secretion into milk and therefore you might have more in milk lipids than you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00477-00348724-00349285": "would have in other foods that don't have milk in them well I think you I'm", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00478-00349285-00349772": "not sure I mean they they're hydrophobic so they definitely have an affinity for", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00479-00349772-00350741": "fatty foods as far as I can tell that that's the main determining factor I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00480-00350741-00351095": "don't know if there's any other kind of facility transport I know some people", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00481-00351095-00351695": "have looked at pharmacokinetics there may be an answer in the literature", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00482-00351695-00352546": "but I don't I'm not aware of it all", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00483-00352597-00353495": "since I'm a novice to this area I did a lot of background reading and I'm a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00484-00353495-00354140": "little puzzled by your your your summary talk because a lot of the things that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00485-00354140-00354727": "you've been worried about has been the issue of behavior and activities and the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00486-00354727-00355163": "uncertainties associated with it and I see nothing here discussing it I see the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00487-00355163-00355707": "source I see see the same mental stuff sources epidemiology and toxicology", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00488-00355707-00356224": "where in this particular instance as well with other instances the behavior", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00489-00356224-00356836": "of the child is so important in terms of where they're contacting the material", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00490-00356836-00357349": "and how they're contacting it and I would like to at least hear some point a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00491-00357349-00357829": "little bit of discussion about where you are what you learn and what some of the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00492-00357829-00358346": "uncertainties are because it's clear to me at least that you have some of it", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00493-00358346-00358940": "right but there are some other issues that remain and on the household dust", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00494-00358940-00359848": "the issue of sources there Charlie Wesler of our place and myself Charlie", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00495-00359848-00360379": "could give you a really good summary of the fact that it's the grasshopper", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00496-00360379-00360910": "effect in the house that moves the phthalates from the toys and whatever to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00497-00360910-00361281": "the dust and then goes back to the air to back to the dust", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00498-00361281-00361827": "over time but I'm mostly concerned about this fact that there's a disconnect", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00499-00361827-00362271": "still with behavior and activities because to me that's crucial in terms of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00500-00362271-00362718": "getting the exposure which leads to the dose and whatever biomarker levels were", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00501-00362718-00363327": "gonna be measuring well I think that in terms of the children's behavior", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00502-00363327-00363843": "mouthing behavior we have done some work on that and I could yeah after the break", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00503-00363843-00364326": "bring up up a few more slides and talk a little bit more about that sure to me", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00504-00364326-00364755": "that's important because I don't want to lose that because it's clear that you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00505-00364755-00365220": "recognize it it's I want to make sure we don't lose that as part of the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00506-00365220-00366047": "discussion okay I'll explain expand on that a little bit after after the break", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00507-00366047-00367304": "any other questions or comments why don't we break for about 15 minutes and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00508-00367304-00367841": "come back at about 10:25 reconvene then", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00509-00368018-00368336": "thank you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00510-00369471-00370226": "come back dr. Loy had asked for a little more detail on some of the exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00511-00370226-00371360": "assessment work that we had done in the past so I'm gonna insert a few slides", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00512-00371360-00372069": "here from some earlier talks to give a little bit more detail and then we'll", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00513-00372069-00373065": "get back to our agenda we're doing pretty well timewise this is the work", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00514-00373065-00373728": "that we had done to assess children's exposure to di NP in products like", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00515-00373728-00374933": "teethers and soft plastic toys already seen this our approach to the exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00516-00374933-00375728": "assessment was this we surveyed soft plastic teethers and toys for di and P", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00517-00375728-00376436": "prevalence and content we measured the di NP migration rates using a laboratory", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00518-00376436-00377049": "method it's a lab method that was calibrated with adult volunteers and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00519-00377049-00377715": "I'll explain this in a little more detail in a minute we also did an", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00520-00377715-00378456": "observation study with 169 children up to 36 months old and we did a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00521-00378456-00379248": "probabilistic analysis of oral exposure stratified by the the child's age in the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00522-00379248-00380274": "type of product this is the apparatus that was used in the laboratory method", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00523-00380274-00381441": "this was first developed by the Dutch rhythm there EPA they refer to this as", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00524-00381441-00382534": "the head-over-heels method because it you basically tumble to sit the sample", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00525-00382585-00383086": "the way it works is you you cut a little disc of plastic from", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00526-00383086-00383800": "the toy or the article you put it in a bottle with a certain amount of what", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00527-00383800-00384553": "could be a synthetic saliva or even just a saline so normal saline whatever we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00528-00384553-00385378": "think we used phosphate buffered saline it's rotated spun around here for I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00529-00385378-00386632": "think it's 30 minutes at 60 rpms you collect the liquid you put fresh liquid", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00530-00386632-00387249": "in and do it for another 30 minutes then when you're all done you combine the two", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00531-00387249-00388192": "liquid samples you measure the amount of di NP or other phthalates and you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00532-00388192-00388951": "calculate a migration rate which is in dimensions of micrograms per square", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00533-00388951-00389686": "centimeter per hour or sometimes we express it as micrograms per 10 square", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00534-00389686-00390127": "centimeters per hour because 10 square centimeters it's the size of the disk", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00535-00390127-00390694": "it's also the size that most people assume that the surface area that's in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00536-00390694-00391663": "the child's mouth that's based on the surface area of above a pacifier and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00537-00391663-00392350": "this just shows or this the pro the products that we tested this is the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00538-00392350-00392920": "percent of di NP and this is the migration rate micrograms per twere per", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00539-00392920-00393535": "10 square centimeters of this is per minute and what this shows is there", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00540-00393535-00394273": "there's a lot of noise you can't really predict the migration rate just based on", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00541-00394273-00394969": "the DI NP content you know regardless of ficks law I think that there are just", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00542-00394969-00395470": "other factors such as there are different methods for making the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00543-00395470-00395890": "products molding and spinning and all the stuff there sheets", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00544-00395890-00396292": "there are other compounds present colorings and so on so they're just", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00545-00396292-00396807": "probably other factors that we're not controlling for the hope was that you'd", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00546-00396807-00397321": "say you'd be able to say look if you're below a certain percentage you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00547-00397321-00398152": "you're at a unacceptable dose but it didn't work out that way the the method", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00548-00398152-00398832": "was developed by the Dutch and actually what they did is they first did some", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00549-00398832-00399456": "studies with adult volunteers and then they developed a method that would give", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00550-00399456-00400314": "the same migration rate in in vitro as the one with the volunteer studies now", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00551-00400314-00401397": "when we started this in 1998 people every country's EPA or cpsc laboratory", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00552-00401397-00401950": "had their own method for measuring migration there were widely different", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00553-00401950-00402769": "results but no one tested the same product in when we tried I mean we you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00554-00402769-00403407": "couldn't replicate the other guys results and you know our people tried", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00555-00403407-00403953": "all sorts of crazy things usually a combination of a liquid extraction and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00556-00403953-00404661": "some mechanical action we actually had a pneumatic piston that basically chewed", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00557-00404661-00405295": "the sample we found out later that that was badly under estimating exposure I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00558-00405295-00406264": "think Canada had a actually like false teeth chewing ID in the UK they tried", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00559-00406264-00406798": "putting steel balls in while they shook it around in a flask but the steel balls", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00560-00406798-00407551": "went through the side of the flask but the judge came up with this in it it it", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00561-00407551-00407989": "closely matched the rates that they saw with the adult volunteers the only", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00562-00407989-00408579": "problem is they didn't have a big range of products in a big range of rates but", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00563-00408579-00409107": "at least that averaged the correlation for the average", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00564-00409107-00409713": "kind of product was there and so that's the one that everyone had adopted in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00565-00409713-00410527": "anyway these were calibrated with the adult volunteers in a typical study you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00566-00410527-00411400": "have ten people you get a ten square centimeter PV disks PVC disc mouth--i", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00567-00411400-00411839": "mile that for a total of an hour that's four 15-minute sessions where you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00568-00411839-00412602": "collect all your saliva in people and there was you know most people had in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00569-00412602-00413604": "there a 15-minute exposure to a blank there was a standard disc that the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00570-00413604-00414036": "people in Europe had made up that contained 40% di NP or you could use a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00571-00414036-00414529": "sample cut from a toy anyway you collect the saliva analyzed", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00572-00414529-00415422": "for di NP and calculate the migration rate let's see what do we have here", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00573-00415422-00416704": "these are the the results from a number of different studies this is a frequency", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00574-00416704-00417517": "distribution this is the relative migration rate I divided by the that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00575-00417517-00418242": "migration rate for individuals by the average migration rate so all the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00576-00418242-00418752": "studies would be on the same scale they're really not that uniform and this", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00577-00418752-00419292": "is the percentage of the of the the people in the study either 10 or they", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00578-00419292-00419886": "had ends of either 10 or 20 and this just happens we have three from the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00579-00419886-00420597": "Dutch because they shared their raw data with us in in one of our own studies", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00580-00420597-00421461": "which was a sample actually a rubber ducky and as you can see it's looks", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00581-00421461-00421992": "pretty much log normal and it's it's definitely skewed and there's always you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00582-00421992-00422397": "know one person who's who's way out there", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00583-00422397-00423262": "but these are adults their instructions were to to gently mouthed suck and chew", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00584-00423262-00423901": "so you know there's always someone who like you don't get a sample back at the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00585-00423901-00424903": "end but for the most part it approximated what children do and of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00586-00424903-00425347": "course you worry about things like well they're adults they could probably apply", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00587-00425347-00426013": "more pressure than a child but there's nothing we can do about that yeah and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00588-00426013-00426735": "plus I'm not convinced that that's true also you know some di MP could be", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00589-00426735-00427531": "absorbed through the the lining in the mouth we did some calculations to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00590-00427531-00428254": "convince ourselves that that was not significant we also I mean there's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00591-00428254-00428821": "possibility they could swallow they could swallow some of it but anyway this", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00592-00428821-00429301": "is a was important to us because the method we had been using and the one we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00593-00429301-00429960": "used in the deh P chap was way under estimating exposure so to have this kind", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00594-00429960-00430759": "of validation is is we were very fortunate to have this now so what did", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00595-00430759-00431004": "we find", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00596-00431052-00431788": "42% of the toys that we tested contain di and P now remember in 1998 the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00597-00431788-00432352": "manufacturers voluntarily took phthalates out of teethers and they", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00598-00432352-00432853": "weren't in theaters and rattles they weren't in pacifiers and in fact by then", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00599-00432853-00433756": "instead of 90% of the toys having di NP we were down to less than half we had a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00600-00433756-00434388": "migration rate migration rate didn't depend very well on the DI NP content", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00601-00434388-00435112": "from the Dutch study because they had to good good data with the PVC standard", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00602-00435112-00435689": "discs we we took their data they had an N of 19", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00603-00435689-00436335": "and we also had that same standard disc measured in a laboratory and what we did", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00604-00436335-00437047": "is we calibrated it this way the when they designed the method they were", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00605-00437047-00437622": "actually calibrating the lab method so that it would correspond to like a 90th", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00606-00437622-00438367": "percentile migration rate we wanted to do the actual average but then include", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00607-00438367-00439084": "all the variability so what we had was you know 19 measurements or measurements", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00608-00439084-00439705": "from 19 volunteers measurements with in the lab with five standard disks and so", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00609-00439705-00440655": "we had an average ratio of 0.28 you know plus or minus all this variability oh", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00610-00440655-00441526": "the observation study 169 children 3 to 36 months old they were randomly", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00611-00441526-00441982": "selected in Chicago and Houston this was some sort of random dialing thing and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00612-00441982-00442482": "it's you know it's not easy to recruit", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00613-00442512-00443266": "infants into a study by just getting on the phone and calling people we had", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00614-00443266-00443622": "trained observers some of the earlier actually you know the Dutch had done a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00615-00443622-00444106": "study like this where they had the parents collect the data we had trained", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00616-00444106-00444655": "observers we thought that that was better because you know mothers are busy", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00617-00444655-00445441": "multitasking we had 12 20 minute sessions over a two day period wherever", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00618-00445441-00446002": "the child was at home or daycare whatever we wrote down everything they", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00619-00446002-00446653": "mouthed the frequency and the duration of mouthing we did have because our", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00620-00446653-00447250": "observers weren't there the whole time the parents recorder recorded the time", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00621-00447250-00447760": "that the child was awakened not eating because for you know that way you can", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00622-00447760-00448300": "extrapolate from the observations the samples to a whole day's worth of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00623-00448300-00448914": "mouthing activity and this was very much dependent on the the child's age and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00624-00448914-00449227": "months as you could imagine and of course for", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00625-00449227-00450109": "some of these kids they're only awake you know maybe half the day very briefly", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00626-00450109-00451172": "what we found average daily mouthing time this is in minutes per day for all", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00627-00451172-00451989": "except pacifiers 70 minutes per day in the youngest group and slowly declining", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00628-00451989-00452839": "with age the window for mouthing is pretty much peaks in this age range over", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00629-00452839-00453729": "thirty six months it starts to decline soft plastic teethers and rattles here", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00630-00453729-00454237": "less than two minutes a day here a fraction of a minute two per day soft", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00631-00454237-00454984": "plastic toys you know on the order of a minute per day the way they did the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00632-00454984-00455589": "study I mean we have a database if I understand it correctly Michael where", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00633-00455589-00456250": "you can go through and in arrange the data in all sampling in all different", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00634-00456250-00456700": "kinds of ways I mean if you want to look at blue toys versus green toys you could", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00635-00456700-00457347": "probably do that I don't know but what we found is that mouthing is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00636-00457347-00458002": "intermittent these totals are short they actually may represent many events and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00637-00458002-00458692": "we considered mouthing to be anytime the toy touches the child's lips not", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00638-00458692-00459322": "necessarily even in the mouth another thing that we did a little bit different", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00639-00459322-00460078": "from other studies some people use very broad categories like non pacifiers I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00640-00460078-00460612": "mean they looked at things like all except pacifiers we try to be a little", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00641-00460612-00461383": "bit more specific to get at the products that we were interested in so that's one", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00642-00461383-00461860": "reason why some people's mouthing times may be longer than ours because they're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00643-00461860-00462468": "actually looking at toys as opposed to soft plastic toys", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00644-00462522-00463268": "and this is some more summary data this is for soft plastic toys the rubber", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00645-00463268-00464160": "duckies tup toy squeaky toys and you can see the mean daily mouthing time goes", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00646-00464160-00464991": "from actually in this case peeks at the one to two year olds and then declines", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00647-00464991-00465746": "in the older children and 95th percentile here still under 10 minutes", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00648-00465746-00466491": "the medians are actually zero because on a given day a child might not mouth a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00649-00466491-00467628": "soft plastic toy mouthing something else so to estimate the exposure we took all", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00650-00467628-00468180": "of these data exposure is the product migration rate determined in the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00651-00468180-00468828": "laboratory with the sample of the product this is a the calibration factor", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00652-00468828-00469470": "this is the migration way rate of the standard disc with humans divided by the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00653-00469470-00470091": "standard disc in the lab this is the number of hours per day that the child", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00654-00470091-00470817": "is awakened not eating and this is or isn't do I have it backwards this is the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00655-00470817-00471345": "mouthing time in minutes per hour that the child mouths a particular kind of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00656-00471345-00471933": "toy and this is the time the child is awake not eating divided by the body", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00657-00471933-00472839": "weight and all of these well all of these things are sets of data I mean we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00658-00472839-00473562": "have multiple measurements with the product in fact for the the basic case", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00659-00473562-00474332": "where because we know that 40% of the toys at di NP we actually included a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00660-00474332-00475206": "number of zeros to account for that we had all you know 19 migration rates with", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00661-00475206-00475728": "the humans 5 from the lab and of course all these represent all", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00662-00475728-00476382": "the subjects in the study except that they're stratified by the age of the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00663-00476382-00477153": "child and these are stratified by the well not really the the mouthing times", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00664-00477153-00477789": "are stratified by the ages of the child these things and the type the product", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00665-00477789-00478285": "category you're looking at and that's the body weight we had essentially", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00666-00478285-00479072": "distributions of all of these things so you go through this monte carlo type of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00667-00479072-00479721": "a thing which is you know random except where it depends on the age the exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00668-00479721-00480504": "time the mouth each time and so on body weight and so this is what we got the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00669-00480504-00481059": "InP exposures from soft plastic toys very", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00670-00481059-00481680": "low on the order of a microgram not even a microgram per kilogram per day these", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00671-00481680-00482775": "are means upper bounds the errors the ranges here confidence intervals", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00672-00482775-00483672": "represent the repeated sampling of the data this is the 95th percentile and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00673-00483672-00484332": "even to the 99th percentile just because we could and these were all lower than", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00674-00484332-00485127": "our acceptable daily intake so let's see and this represents soft plastic toys", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00675-00485127-00485968": "where 42% of them contain di and P since we call this the hypothetical case cuz", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00676-00485968-00486651": "teethers rattles and so on no longer contained any phalates so we just used", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00677-00486651-00487233": "the migration rates from soft plastic toys and applied them to teethers and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00678-00487233-00487632": "rattles there was no reason to think they would be different in assuming that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00679-00487632-00488247": "they all contain di and P so this is basically if the industry went back and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00680-00488247-00488697": "put di and P back into all of these toys which they voluntarily", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00681-00488697-00489550": "moved in still the even the upper bound exposures were low and I think that was", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00682-00489550-00490795": "the best highlights the we applied migration rates from toys to other", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00683-00490795-00491233": "products I think that's not much of a stretch assume that absorption through", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00684-00491233-00491962": "the oral mucosa is negligible we didn't in this case we didn't look at dermal", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00685-00491962-00492679": "although that's you know dermal is we think it's low it's not zero limitations", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00686-00492679-00493279": "there's lots of variability and of course the bottom line is we looked at", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00687-00493279-00494026": "one Valley one class of products but let's see well this is where we are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00688-00494026-00495048": "today we have the chronic advisory panel to take us one step further and I think", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00689-00495048-00495780": "that that sums up the exposure assessment that we did for di NP as", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00690-00495780-00496630": "relates to the children's mouthing behavior yes just a quick question how", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00691-00496630-00497305": "does not the intact compare two intact their food well I mean we didn't do that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00692-00497305-00498210": "compare you know we only looked at one root the food it's not so easy to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00693-00498210-00499218": "determine as we learned in in Berlin a few about a month ago you know there", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00694-00499218-00499627": "there are lots of different foods you test all these things and you get non to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00695-00499627-00500268": "text and it's hard to go from like a Market Basket survey to estimate an", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00696-00500268-00500895": "exposure I'm you know there are people who do this and our experts at this I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00697-00500895-00501487": "you know we think that this is low compared to total exposure and we think", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00698-00501487-00502105": "that food is where most of your phthalate exposure comes", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00699-00502105-00503009": "but I don't know well see we've been focused on you know di NP and da HP in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00700-00503009-00503893": "just these few products it's only the since a year or two ago that we've", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00701-00503893-00504401": "broaden this scope but the more I look at the literature the less convinced I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00702-00504401-00505043": "am that the generalizations like most of our exposure comes from food I'm not so", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00703-00505043-00505613": "sure about that and and one aspect of that is the fact that it may be", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00704-00505613-00506129": "incidental contact with the food encounters which also would indicate to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00705-00506129-00506588": "me that that's incidental contact with the children's hands on counters because", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00706-00506588-00506963": "it's not just during food preparation it's also the fact that you have", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00707-00506963-00507449": "children waltzing around the house and with the grasshopper effects totally in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00708-00507449-00507830": "play you can end up with kids mounting a lot of stuff from a lot of different", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00709-00507830-00508189": "places it doesn't mean that the exposures are high it's just that I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00710-00508189-00508658": "don't think at this point it would be reasonable to discount any roots because", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00711-00508658-00509125": "I don't think we know a good answer could could you just explain those grapa", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00712-00509125-00509759": "grasshoppers in UK and US houses to us non-us members on the panel", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00713-00509759-00510446": "what is the grasshopper effect actually was created in Canada but that's but", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00714-00510446-00510872": "that was for outdoors basically what happens in a home you have sources of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00715-00510872-00511247": "all kinds of semi vaults of materials and the first the first time we really", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00716-00511247-00511724": "looked at it was with pesticides pesticides when they're sprayed on the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00717-00511724-00512414": "floor for the for the semi-volatile 's you know you spray it and it used to be", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00718-00512414-00512872": "the raid commercials and it'll follow the you know the bugs to where they live", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00719-00512872-00513320": "meaning that once it's sprayed it's semi volatile so therefore it the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00720-00513320-00513697": "temperatures at the houses then material is going to evaporate and it's going to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00721-00513697-00514283": "stay around awhile it's going to follow the bugs so that's so the grasshopper", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00722-00514283-00514856": "fact is that when it's sprayed it goes in a certain spot but because of the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00723-00514856-00515492": "temperatures of the room it'll somebody semi volatilization if", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00724-00515492-00515810": "the room cools or the air currents or being what they are and you have", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00725-00515810-00516480": "absorbable material like this well it acts like a sink for the pesticide where", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00726-00516480-00516921": "other semi-volatile so we'll go here doesn't mean it was sprayed there", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00727-00516921-00517371": "initially but it'll come there and then as time goes on it will evaporate go", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00728-00517371-00517694": "into other parts of the house and eventually go out the window over time", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00729-00517694-00518280": "everything goes down yes and so when you think about it in terms of annex to any", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00730-00518280-00518727": "semi-volatile that is an issue and when you're thinking about anything that gets", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00731-00518727-00519143": "sprayed in the house and lands on the kitchen table well that could be you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00732-00519143-00519614": "know something it's it's ain't the same sort of thing it's not just Dallas is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00733-00519614-00520080": "anything that's semi-volatile anything that you use can be some it can be", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00734-00520080-00520646": "transport the question is is how much how long and what it has to deal with", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00735-00520646-00521058": "what what the issue is in terms of the dose the lessee of The Associated", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00736-00521058-00521457": "toxicity because you just can't assume because it accumulates you're gonna get", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00737-00521457-00521867": "sufficient amount for dose that's meaningful for a particular toxic effect", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00738-00521867-00522276": "it's just that putting that all into the equation gives you a better", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00739-00522276-00523317": "understanding of what the issue is in in in that to expand a little bit it all", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00740-00523317-00523688": "sorts of kind of flame retardants all sorts of pollutants P you find him on", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00741-00523688-00524168": "surfaces they find him on window film they find him in the dust particles and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00742-00524168-00524801": "I look at the the dust particles are a pathway they're not a source really", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00743-00524801-00525323": "because they get there from a variety of different sources approximate source", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00744-00525323-00526192": "yeah approximate source and so you know when you that also complicates you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00745-00526192-00526779": "there there are some publications a warmoth where they try to break down you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00746-00526779-00527277": "know you get this percentage from food this percentage from toys and and the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00747-00527277-00527661": "problem is when you get the dust I mean that's coming from everywhere so these", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00748-00527661-00528256": "aren't all mutually exclusive sources so that that further complicates the issue", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00749-00528256-00528784": "um could I ask another question so I realized that on these studies you were", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00750-00528784-00529324": "doing you were focusing on the di NP part yes how representative is the di NP", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00751-00529324-00529867": "of four other phthalates so when you say it's a low level of di NP but there are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00752-00529867-00530473": "multiple phthalates is it a reasonable approximation to multiply that by the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00753-00530473-00531028": "number of valid oh I think that's hard that's hard to do because the the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00754-00531028-00531403": "potencies aren't the same I mean toxicological II the potencies aren't", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00755-00531403-00532213": "the same di NP is one of the less volatile more hydrophobic ones so the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00756-00532213-00532795": "exposure is going to be a little bit different it's probably very behaves", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00757-00532795-00533368": "very comparably to di DP maybe even de HP but the lower molecular weight ones", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00758-00533368-00533878": "are I think a whole different ballgame the exposure patterns are going to be", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00759-00533878-00534813": "different in the you know the data with the biomonitoring the first studies", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00760-00534813-00535353": "didn't detect much Diep because they were only looking for the mono ester i", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00761-00535353-00536143": "need to i'm not sure i mean di and p exposures were thought to be relatively", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00762-00536143-00536746": "low compared to some of the other Thalys but this can change over time you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00763-00536746-00537286": "one of the important things there are two things that to keep in mind about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00764-00537286-00537715": "when you look at exposures one is things change over time", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00765-00537715-00538564": "di NP is slowly replacing de HB worldwide so things change and the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00766-00538564-00539034": "products change obviously they're taking phthalates out of children's products", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00767-00539034-00539737": "they may be reformulating some of the drugs that have ballots in the you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00768-00539737-00540625": "the time release formulas I suspect and so on the other thing is that things can", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00769-00540625-00541174": "vary by region I you know though the the phthalates that are used in a particular", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00770-00541174-00541623": "kind of product in Europe might not be entirely the same as the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00771-00541623-00542133": "the overall exposures are fairly comparable but I don't think they're the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00772-00542133-00542954": "same so you know those are my two caveats for looking at exposure data", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00773-00542954-00543414": "what about personal care products and children you know that's something we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00774-00543414-00543951": "don't know a lot about there's been some studies a couple reports in the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00775-00543951-00544848": "literature where people obviously the phthalates are there it's surprising the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00776-00544848-00545400": "FDA says that it's they're not all that common hey they're not all that common", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00777-00545400-00546009": "and be that they're already reformulating personal care products", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00778-00546009-00546918": "things like skin lotions baby lotion and that sort of thing colognes have that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00779-00546918-00547436": "have some of the lower molecular weight phthalates FDA says that they're already", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00780-00547436-00547878": "encouraging the manufacturers and the manufacturers are reformulating these", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00781-00547878-00548330": "things the the low molecular weight phthalates are in a lot of fragranced", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00782-00548330-00548889": "products they can be in air fresheners they might even be I've heard laundry", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00783-00548889-00549285": "detergent the problem is we don't we don't really know I mean if it's a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00784-00549285-00549750": "consumer product they don't manufacturers don't have to tell us", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00785-00549750-00550648": "what's what's in it even for cosmetics you know it's not like a drug FDA has", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00786-00550648-00551508": "less control over that so we will get whatever kind of information they have", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00787-00551508-00552063": "we will get that from the chat but I I don't think it's gonna be as", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00788-00552063-00552407": "comprehensive as you might expect", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00789-00552665-00553169": "well that's various exposure sources what about drugs", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00790-00553169-00553821": "Starlights I used surprisingly widely in the formulation of drugs yeah well again", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00791-00553821-00554823": "I'm not sure the FDA says not so widely and also but they are used in some drugs", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00792-00554823-00555484": "and again that's something that may change but we will get whatever", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00793-00555484-00556165": "information the FDA can provide on that now it's an issue where you know maybe", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00794-00556165-00556684": "an issue where the the inert materials maybe I don't know if they have to just", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00795-00556684-00557521": "fully disclose that we will all get the bottom line from them I did wasn't aware", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00796-00557521-00558565": "they were that widely used but I don't know i beautiful aid and if there is an", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00797-00558565-00559180": "inactive ingredient in the medications and the second question is widely used", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00798-00559180-00559819": "well currently in Germany that's what I can say there are 25 medications which", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00799-00559819-00560430": "still have tied beautifully they did in the past it has been around 65 unluckily", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00800-00560430-00561037": "one of the most widely used medications did you stop beautiful a it was used by", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00801-00561037-00561721": "over five million people's per year including pregnant women so we have to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00802-00561721-00562444": "get away from this relative numbers and really have to look at what what is to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00803-00562444-00563218": "reduce I would like to come back to your slide number 12 and 14 in slide number", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00804-00563218-00564120": "12 oh I didn't really so all except pacifiers means that the children's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00805-00564120-00564766": "children morrow of 70 minutes yeah that includes everything including their", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00806-00564766-00565585": "fingers yes so we have a gap of 68 minutes which rather use now something", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00807-00565585-00566341": "different than soft plastic heaters and soft plastic toys and I if the the order", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00808-00566341-00567330": "is I think fingers were most than pacifiers yes man teethers and then this", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00809-00567330-00567991": "unintentional use for the kids like mouthing tables now those things are I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00810-00567991-00568392": "mean they're scattered around there there but you see you know one", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00811-00568392-00568996": "here one there it's not consistent it's you know the average for mouthing on a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00812-00568996-00569563": "chair lake is you know probably infinitesimal there are children also", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00813-00569563-00570036": "mouth toys that were not made out of soft plastic wooden toys metal toys that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00814-00570036-00570663": "sort of thing just about everything so in slide 14 in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00815-00570663-00571521": "in slide 14 14 this factor does it mean that the machinery overestimates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00816-00571521-00572030": "exposure underestimates exposure of this vector of the point well 28 yeah the the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00817-00572030-00572882": "Dutch who developed it and then later the jrc designed it in such a way that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00818-00572882-00573438": "it would overestimate the average they were aiming for the upper an upper bound", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00819-00573438-00574159": "migration rate in the human studies we decided to calculate the average but", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00820-00574159-00574834": "then through the monte carlo modeling look at the range of values did you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00821-00574834-00575380": "correct for lipase activity in the human saliva like that rotation of the thigh", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00822-00575380-00575950": "eyes on all of the lates oh no we didn't cause there's life s", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00823-00575950-00576321": "activity in human saliva you would have a degradation in the saliva so this", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00824-00576321-00576615": "would lead to an underestimation although you still have the active", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00825-00576615-00577167": "compound well I didn't need to look at though exactly what the lab did and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00826-00577167-00577721": "whether they would have detected that way they may likely thought of that but", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00827-00577721-00578623": "never can be sure yeah but we can go back and look you can ask another", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00828-00578623-00579001": "question maybe we're getting too far off the track no no just in terms of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00829-00579001-00579388": "inhalation I mean you start talking about house dust it seems like if I rust", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00830-00579388-00579898": "may know a paper I thought I read a paper that had I think it was PBDEs and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00831-00579898-00580494": "breast milk and based on the rate of the times the houses were vacuumed or", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00832-00580494-00581113": "something so it seems like exposure could increase I think if you do", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00833-00581113-00581563": "anything to stir up the dust like cleaning ironic", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00834-00581563-00582084": "you could have a short-term I think we're we're you know I guess we're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00835-00582084-00582665": "talking about chronic type effects we're mostly talking about long-term exposures", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00836-00582665-00583405": "but have there been studies about inhalation exposure to that well problem", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00837-00583405-00583982": "is the vapor pressure is so low there are a few measurements of levels in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00838-00583982-00584484": "ambient indoor air but the vapor pressure is so low most of it's bound to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00839-00584484-00585205": "particles and most of those particles probably settled on the floor so yes", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00840-00585205-00585973": "there's inhalation exposure no we don't think it's that high well it's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00841-00585973-00586411": "unquantified it's unquantified that's better to describe it because the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00842-00586411-00587253": "rugrats love the floor and they when they move along they stir up dust that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00843-00587253-00587773": "is maybe four times the average level of resuspended dust in the room when you're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00844-00587773-00588223": "just sitting there these are studies been done recently with a robot with a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00845-00588223-00588888": "robot that mimics children's behavior on the floor and so you know I think the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00846-00588888-00589434": "best thing to say it's unquantified and it's a good point that if we're gonna do", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00847-00589434-00589888": "this right we really have to think about what this what the different exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00848-00589888-00590590": "you know in fact with the dust even if it's inhaled I mean it probably ends up", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00849-00590590-00591323": "in the in the gut anyway as opposed to in the lungs or most of it but you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00850-00591323-00592126": "this is why we have the experts because I add a loss for something that that's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00851-00592126-00593055": "so non-volatile you know that's not easy to estimate so certainly that those are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00852-00593055-00593515": "points well-taken it's part of our charge to think about this in terms of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00853-00593515-00593913": "products like toys or are we are we thinking about this more generally in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00854-00593913-00594244": "terms of just general exposures that could come from all kinds of products", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00855-00594244-00594719": "but exposure yeah well I think you know the charges is next on Origin", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00856-00594719-00595386": "and I think the way I see it you're focusing on children's products the toys", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00857-00595386-00596223": "and other child care things but you also in doing that knowing that children and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00858-00596223-00596790": "everybody else are exposed from all these other sources and in fact it's the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00859-00596790-00597548": "cumulative exposure that is going to determine the risk right so we have to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00860-00597548-00599207": "do a little bit of both we can get back on let's see", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00861-00600402-00600743": "my talk here", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00862-00601306-00601623": "probably already open", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00863-00602232-00603705": "and move on to let's talk about the the charge and scope of this chap in in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00864-00603705-00604236": "general the sort of the rules for conducting a chap are outlined in the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00865-00604236-00604752": "Consumer Products Safety Act mm-hmm we're required in fact to convene a chap", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00866-00604752-00605370": "under normally we have to convene a chap if we want to issue a regulation that's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00867-00605370-00606219": "based on a risk of cancer birth defects or gene mutations this is you could call", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00868-00606219-00606933": "this an extraordinary chap because it's mandated by Congress a chap consists by", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00869-00606933-00607545": "law consists of seven independent scientists the Commission selects them", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00870-00607545-00608022": "from a list of nominees that comes from the president of the National Academy of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00871-00608022-00608745": "Sciences in addition to possessing the required expertise they have to be", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00872-00608745-00609023": "people who are not employed by the federal government", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00873-00609023-00609711": "except NIH the National Toxicology program or the National Center for text", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00874-00609711-00610281": "a lot toxicological research also they can't be associated with the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00875-00610281-00610764": "manufacturer so in this case manufacturer of mainly phthalates or", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00876-00610764-00611526": "children's products and that the members of the panel select a chair in a vice", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00877-00611526-00612987": "chair for this particular chap to sum up the charge a mandate from Congress is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00878-00612987-00613695": "that you conduct a risk assessment looking at all phalates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00879-00613695-00614414": "used in children's products and that include in that you are to include all", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00880-00614414-00615102": "potential health effects on children's health specifically including a no", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00881-00615102-00615701": "current disruption that you are to consider individual and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00882-00615701-00616178": "cumulative risk in other words I think the individual phthalates as well as", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00883-00616178-00616661": "cumulative risks you're supposed to estimate exposures to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00884-00616661-00617186": "children pregnant women and others I think others means if there are any", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00885-00617186-00618062": "other sensitive subpopulations I'm not aware of any and we're supposed to look", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00886-00618062-00618854": "at total Valley exposure from children's products personal care products in all", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00887-00618854-00619556": "other sources and you are to consider all routes of exposure in other words", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00888-00619556-00620714": "not just mouthing dermal inhalation whatever and as part of this examination", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00889-00620714-00621395": "you're supposed to determine a level of no harm to children pregnant women other", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00890-00621395-00622232": "susceptible individuals their offspring and to do this using appropriate safety", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00891-00622232-00623192": "factors you're also to consider alternatives used in children's Falla", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00892-00623192-00623906": "late alternatives used in children's products obviously phthalates since when", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00893-00623906-00624266": "manufacturers take phthalates out of product of a product they have two", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00894-00624266-00624740": "options one is to use another plastic that doesn't need a plasticizer some of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00895-00624740-00625262": "them do that some of the other option is to replace the fali with another", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00896-00625262-00625970": "plasticizer like an add a paint or something like that so you're looking at", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00897-00625970-00626809": "the valley at alternatives which I interpret as the other plasticizers and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00898-00626809-00627530": "that your examination is to be conducted de novo using all available information", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00899-00627530-00628121": "and objective methods a part of the the language the specific language about the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00900-00628121-00628695": "novo since that you know you can you can consider", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00901-00628695-00629340": "work done by previous chaps and other bodies but it's you're not restricted", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00902-00629340-00629901": "you don't have to accept those conclusions you're free to go back and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00903-00629901-00630705": "revisit anything that you want to do and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00904-00630711-00631165": "your report will include a recommendation whether to ban any", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00905-00631165-00631820": "additional phthalates or thely alternatives once that report is issued", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00906-00631820-00632559": "the staff will evaluate your report and recommend to the Commission whether to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00907-00632559-00633123": "ban any other phthalates or phthalates alternatives and also whether to make", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00908-00633123-00633570": "the interim ban permanent the three phthalates that are banned on an interim", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00909-00633570-00634794": "basis di NPD IV P and D NOP the timeline is such the way it's written you have 18", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00910-00634794-00635253": "months to complete your examination but you have another six months to prepare a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00911-00635253-00635993": "final report I mean I see this as essentially you have two years to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00912-00635993-00636630": "complete a final report the to the examination and the report kind of blend", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00913-00636630-00637344": "together and once the final report is complete we have six months to brief the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00914-00637344-00638392": "Commission with our recommendations now to prepare for the chap this is a such a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00915-00638392-00639561": "large job in such a broad scope we did toxicity reviews of the six phthalates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00916-00639561-00640176": "mentioned in those in the act of course there are other phthalates that are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00917-00640176-00640548": "important too we thought this would be a good start in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00918-00640548-00641043": "these these were prepared by the staff by the people sitting at the table and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00919-00641043-00641697": "myself and these have been peer reviewed by outside scientists our contractor", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00920-00641697-00642310": "verse R has Donna report on the toxicity of five FAL eight", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00921-00642310-00643041": "alternatives these include acetyl tributyl citrate", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00922-00643041-00644003": "die ethyl hexyl adipate something called Dench de HT which is an isomer of de HP", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00923-00644003-00644976": "and this try mela Tate try octal try militate and most of these are in fact", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00924-00644976-00646036": "being used in children's products first are also did a very comprehensive review", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00925-00646036-00646720": "of the published exposure data and I saw their I had no idea that there was that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00926-00646720-00647664": "much I knew there was it's a very extensive report we also did a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00927-00647664-00648624": "laboratory study on the plasticizers in children's toys we collected some toys", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00928-00648624-00649428": "last December November December we specifically did it before the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00929-00649428-00650341": "requirements the ban actually went into effect so these were from 2000 and late", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00930-00650341-00651226": "2008 I think that correct and what we found", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00931-00651483-00652641": "is that in fact even before the ban was in effect that very few of these", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00932-00652641-00653233": "children's our toys and childcare articles had any thoughts at all the one", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00933-00653233-00653767": "that did would be actually comply with the with the with the new regulation we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00934-00653767-00654373": "identified the plasticizers the concentrations in measured migration", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00935-00654373-00655228": "rates by that head-over-heels method we also measured did some wipes some to get", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00936-00655228-00655711": "an estimate of exposure as it relate to dermal exposure from handling the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00937-00655711-00656386": "products we're also part of our job is to coordinate with the other federal", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00938-00656386-00657052": "agencies to get whatever information we can get for you from FDA information on", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00939-00657052-00657973": "Drugs and Cosmetics CDC the Ann Haynes EPA is doing some of their own work on", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00940-00657973-00658837": "phthalates and we are gonna keep close eye on that try not to duplicate things", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00941-00658837-00659611": "too much try to take it sort of take advantage of what we do and what what", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00942-00659611-00660094": "they do and vice-versa some of the EPA staff are here today and of course we're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00943-00660094-00660877": "we're anxiously looking forward to the National Children's Study as far as the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00944-00660877-00661471": "phthalates go of course the universe of possible phthalates is is huge", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00945-00661471-00662148": "it could include you know any of the 30 phalates that are not mentioned in the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00946-00662148-00662869": "act specifically mentioned it could also include terephthalate sand in fact it", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00947-00662869-00663811": "does the toxicity review where these five we arrived at these five by a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00948-00663811-00664357": "process that's described in the report first we consider the entire universe of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00949-00664357-00664852": "substitutes that we could identify there what 20 30 something", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00950-00664852-00665527": "like that we chose these five because they had a high likelihood of being used", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00951-00665527-00666202": "or which means they probably already were or and also because there were data", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00952-00666202-00666841": "tox data available now the data if you look at these the sit rates been around", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00953-00666841-00667264": "for a while the atopy has been around for a while you might notice it's got", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00954-00667264-00668086": "the same ethyl hexyl the same alcohol group as de HP this the terephthalic is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00955-00668086-00669013": "the isomer of deh P fortunately the tariff fail phalates don't seem to have", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00956-00669013-00670258": "the developmental effects that the ortho fellows have this guy Dench died I so no", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00957-00670258-00671011": "no it's actually made from di and P it's the aromatic ring is reduced so that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00958-00671011-00671527": "instead of the aromatic ring you have a cyclohexane group and this is in fact", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00959-00671527-00672295": "being used as far as the database goes on these the toxicity database it's a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00960-00672295-00673075": "little bit uneven I'm not sure any one of them is is as well studied as di NP", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00961-00673075-00674086": "for example this one is interesting the manufacturer has a lot of toxicity data", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00962-00674086-00674650": "they've done a number of studies those studies are considered they consider", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00963-00674650-00675385": "them to be proprietary and they don't want those studies to be released to the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00964-00675385-00675853": "public all we have are their summaries of their", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00965-00675853-00676660": "own studies this is something yeah we can we can talk about how we want to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00966-00676660-00677383": "deal with this the others well they're they're they're summarized in the report", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00967-00677383-00677836": "and we have actually for most of these if not all of them we have migration", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00968-00677836-00678267": "rates from the laboratory study", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00969-00678532-00679101": "terms of interagency coordination well since you're looking at total exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00970-00679101-00679771": "this crosses jurisdiction EPA I mean FDA EPA of course we've got", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00971-00679771-00680361": "jurisdiction over certain of these products we don't have jurisdiction over", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00972-00680361-00681498": "automobile terriers we will certainly monitor everything we can find data some", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00973-00681498-00682061": "of the bio monitoring studies that are going on and we will request all the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00974-00682061-00682803": "available data from the other federal agencies that's my job is to to stay in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00975-00682803-00684359": "touch with them and with that I think we'll our job here as the the staff is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00976-00684359-00685017": "to give you administrative support interagency coordination so as much", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00977-00685017-00685878": "support as we can in terms of staff time toxicology the whether it's statistics", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00978-00685878-00686594": "or the lab mostly my time our resources are limited but there is also a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00979-00686594-00687344": "possibility depending on what your needs are of some contractor support we buy", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00980-00687344-00688019": "what I wanted to do is we have the studies that we prepared for you some of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00981-00688019-00688703": "them they're too big - including your binders the lab report and is in your", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00982-00688703-00689113": "binders along with I did a just a quick overview of phalates", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00983-00689113-00689892": "chemistry and toxicity that's in there you have a set of CDs that contain all", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00984-00689892-00690530": "the staff documents that we prepared plus other existing information the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00985-00690530-00691326": "previous chapter ports three you know NTP reports and so on a lot of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00986-00691326-00691719": "background here nation for the people in the audience", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00987-00691719-00692592": "the staff reports will be posted on our website very soon the old chap reports", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00988-00692592-00693848": "are already there if you have any questions give me a call but let's pause", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00989-00693848-00695353": "just for a minute and ask the panel do you have any questions about the scope", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00990-00695353-00695962": "and so on I think that you know the scope is obviously very broad and very", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00991-00695962-00697021": "demanding and it's a challenge yes regarding the scope so I understand that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00992-00697021-00697426": "we're charged with coming up with a recommendation whether or not to ban any", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00993-00697426-00698539": "additional satellites yes Banas is a sort of the final tool does this charge", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00994-00698539-00699354": "and and rather rough maybe does this charge mean to consider alternative", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00995-00699354-00699961": "regulatory activities or is it really banned yes or no well you know we think", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00996-00699961-00700561": "of I mean you're right in if we were doing if the staff were doing an", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00997-00700561-00701278": "ordinary rulemaking activity the ban is the the most we can do it's the death", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00998-00701278-00701866": "sentence whatever I mean it's it's the most severe and in fact we would have to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-00999-00701866-00702235": "exhaust all that we would have to in order for us to do that we would have to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01000-00702235-00702859": "say nothing else would do in various other findings you have a little more", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01001-00702859-00703390": "lad under the because of the CPSIA you have a little more freedom than that I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01002-00703390-00703909": "think you can recommend anything you want if you could recommend something", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01003-00703909-00704704": "less than a ban or you know additional information research is needed to make a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01004-00704704-00705152": "determination and you know I I don't think you're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01005-00705152-00705719": "limited to just that and for us you know we don't be in the chemical per se we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01006-00705719-00706241": "were not EPA we can't ban it from existence what we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01007-00706241-00706790": "what we do is we put a limit on its use in particular products so it some people", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01008-00706790-00707441": "call it a partial ban whatever you want to call it it's it's not a complete and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01009-00707441-00708496": "total Act so that means that when we consider things like bicycles and you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01010-00708496-00709190": "know camping products you know that's in a different category that mouthing of of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01011-00709190-00709790": "at either because clearly there are a lot of differences in terms of contact", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01012-00709790-00710456": "and potential for exposure caps absolutely and I also think that when", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01013-00710456-00711092": "you get beyond you know if you think of the teethers and soft plastic toys as", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01014-00711092-00711461": "the sort of core products right other child care prop", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01015-00711461-00712202": "I think as the scope of that regulation gets if you broaden it looking at things", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01016-00712202-00712698": "like you know Sporting Goods and so on right", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01017-00712698-00713444": "there's probably less exposure to phthalates as you expand anyway this is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01018-00713444-00714353": "something that you know it's it's not going to be easy when you broaden it you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01019-00714353-00714979": "know again we when we knew that this role was coming we we didn't anticipate", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01020-00714979-00715984": "the scope of it we were focused on you know rubber duckies and so on and that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01021-00715984-00716684": "definitely broadens it but on the other hand I think the potential exposure from", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01022-00716684-00717410": "some of these products is much lower and that helps me because it's the the idea", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01023-00717410-00718129": "of the contact frequency the contact intensity which will lead to a dough", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01024-00718129-00718648": "of meaningful a meaning because I think we have to prioritize that rather", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01025-00718648-00718945": "clearly because not all exposures are equal", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01026-00718945-00719884": "I think prioritizes is the key word and when you're looking I mean and when you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01027-00719884-00720480": "try to estimate exposure for I mean these broad categories it's got to be", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01028-00720480-00721066": "it's not going to look like what we did for di and P it's it's gonna be a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01029-00721066-00722152": "different approach a much broader approach I think another question so on", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01030-00722152-00722671": "the slide you were talking about looking for level of no harm - yes kind of put", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01031-00722671-00723463": "quotes around the word no well as opposed that we I call it an acceptable", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01032-00723463-00724252": "daily intake EPA calls it a reference dose it's a level of where you think the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01033-00724252-00725458": "risk is negligible and we get to define what negligible means yes I mean it's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01034-00725458-00726291": "it's it's the kind of thing that a toxic I'll as a toxicologist would define it", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01035-00726291-00727149": "because because you can't you can't know everything it's it's it's more about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01036-00727149-00727606": "what you don't know then what you know I mean you can't set a level based on what", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01037-00727606-00728176": "you don't well what you don't know what I'm thinking about though is it seemed", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01038-00728176-00728478": "that one point one of my graduate students was working on something about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01039-00728478-00728955": "sort of acceptable levels of risk yeah and there are actually Supreme Court", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01040-00728955-00729568": "cases that have considered what acceptable might mean I don't remember", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01041-00729568-00730294": "the case but where people actually talk about society's risk right in fact are", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01042-00730294-00731050": "those kinds of reports we could try to find not aware of a Supreme Court I mean", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01043-00731050-00731641": "this is the kind of thing for cancer risk was had what was a topic discussed", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01044-00731641-00732244": "a number of years ago I mean what's an acceptable risk for something like", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01045-00732244-00732766": "cancer where there is no dose where the risk is zero or at least you believe", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01046-00732766-00733801": "that you know it's a it's not just a scientific question it's a societal", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01047-00733801-00734380": "question something for us the Commission would decide we would say suppose", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01048-00734380-00734845": "there's a cancer risk we would say the cancer risk from using this product is", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01049-00734845-00735511": "something in a million and then they would decide what's acceptable you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01050-00735511-00736129": "in that answer might vary depending on if it's children or if it's adults and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01051-00736129-00737358": "so on you know right now looking at the NRC report we're talking about setting", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01052-00737358-00738040": "something like a more akin to an acceptable daily intake or a reference", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01053-00738040-00738370": "concentration and I don't know what methodology you're ultimately going to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01054-00738370-00739048": "use but it's gonna be your either above or below and if you're below then you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01055-00739048-00739437": "assume that the risk is negligible I don't know if you're gonna get into", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01056-00739437-00739960": "calculating actual risks I mean it would be we'd all of course like to do that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01057-00739960-00741048": "but we'll deal with that acceptable risk question when we come to what I guess", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01058-00741048-00741625": "that's partly clarifying my the question I'm gonna ask now you can are we really", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01059-00741625-00742090": "in the business here with establishing say whatever you want to call it", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01060-00742090-00742896": "acceptable daily intake set cetera or is the emphasis rather on estimating or", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01061-00742896-00743536": "judging margins of exposure which is very different well I mean those were", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01062-00743536-00743995": "two different approaches warmer will make a lot of thing better okay", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01063-00743995-00744503": "the former I think it's how you know if this is all subject to interpretation", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01064-00744503-00745221": "I read that as a regulatory scientists looked at that and said oh they mean in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01065-00745221-00746271": "a DI or ref RFC sir I mean margin expose of exposure is a valid approach you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01066-00746271-00746723": "I think it works for me I may make it easier", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01067-00746723-00747265": "you mean you talk in here about exposures and if we can prioritize and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01068-00747265-00747671": "systematically eliminate some of them that may make life a lot easier", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01069-00747671-00748496": "yeah okay that that's reassuring to hear so we would be free in that I'm asking", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01070-00748496-00749411": "because deriving an idea is a lot of work yeah right that's true I mean act", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01071-00749411-00750148": "well that that you're bound by them in our touch reviews we derive sort of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01072-00750148-00750686": "provisional ADIS for a variety of end points for each chemical I mean you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01073-00750686-00751067": "don't have to use them but but they're there the information is the basic", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01074-00751067-00751740": "information is there I think you know your as a group you're here for your", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01075-00751740-00752655": "expertise and if you're you know wanna if your judgment is to take a certain", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01076-00752655-00753242": "approach to this I think that's fine as long as you know we're addressing the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01077-00753242-00753803": "concern what what this mandate has it's really they're concerned about", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01078-00753803-00754269": "cumulative risks in sensitive populations and so on and so forth", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01079-00754269-00754734": "and I think as long as we address the spirit of these things the methodology I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01080-00754734-00755761": "don't think matters because you're going to use the best methodology that you can", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01081-00756061-00756728": "I'm sorry I'm firing a lot of questions okay one other question also of enormous", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01082-00756728-00757282": "relevance to our work as in Europe route 2", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01083-00757282-00757923": "to dealing with this which is called the substitution root meaning that in cases", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01084-00757923-00758459": "where you have for a certain chemical in a certain product already a substitute", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01085-00758459-00759079": "which can be used you if you like short circuit all this time consuming an", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01086-00759079-00759553": "arduous toxicological risk assessment and say right we're not doing this there", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01087-00759553-00760075": "is a substitute that's it use it and then the decision is Mike to restrict or", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01088-00760075-00760606": "ban the use of that certain chemical in a product but without going through the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01089-00760606-00761077": "labors of of a toxicological risk assessment you see what I mean", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01090-00761077-00761632": "well this is sort of a pragmatism which is emerging in Europe the alternative", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01091-00761632-00762494": "would be to say the trigger value or the trigger for a ban would have to be a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01092-00762494-00762967": "toxicological risk assessment where the margin of exposure or whatever you want", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01093-00762967-00763542": "to call it it just is judged too narrow and then you you make the decision well", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01094-00763542-00764434": "I'm not sure I follow but I think there's a certain economy of effort here", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01095-00764434-00764980": "once you have a framework of how you're going to assess exposure you can", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01096-00764980-00765403": "substitute one chemical for another if you know the migration rate or the vapor", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01097-00765403-00765904": "pressure or whatever it is you need I think that will help to simplify things", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01098-00765904-00766729": "and I and obviously they want us to look at substitutes so I you know I think", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01099-00766729-00767763": "there's got to be a way to just simplify that this as much as to that extent yes", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01100-00767763-00768498": "I may be becoming more confused rather than less because I begin to wonder with", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01101-00768498-00769171": "this family of chemicals and alternatives is what's what's most", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01102-00769171-00769696": "important for us to make recommendations on the approach that we would take so", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01103-00769696-00770148": "that as new phthalates or new substitutes new alternatives become", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01104-00770148-00770623": "available on the market there's an approach that has been", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01105-00770623-00770963": "recommended that can be followed for the next one as opposed to calling another", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01106-00770963-00771461": "chap right because of one more alternative or is it specifically", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01107-00771461-00772217": "recommendations on these 11 chemicals well what they're asking for the bottom", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01108-00772217-00772876": "line is they want to know do we continue the interim ban of those three do we", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01109-00772876-00773444": "need to regulate any other phthalates or substitutes that's the bottom line of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01110-00773444-00774194": "what they want if you in doing so if we if you come up with a methodology and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01111-00774194-00774873": "approach obviously that's a big benefit because it can be applied as new", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01112-00774873-00775684": "alternatives become available you know you're you're not limiting you're not", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01113-00775684-00776255": "limited to just saying you know yea or nay on some of these chemicals and in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01114-00776255-00776857": "that list of five substitutes I mean it turned out to be a pretty good guess but", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01115-00776857-00777615": "you know we didn't really know that they were gonna be the ones when we started", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01116-00777726-00778294": "further are there precedents that have served as the basis for this threshold", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01117-00778294-00778824": "for negligible risk that would be helpful to us", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01118-00778824-00779401": "so that I mean there are some people who feel that because there is no benefit to", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01119-00779401-00779932": "be considered here there is no balancing it's strictly risk and any exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01120-00779932-00780490": "represents risk therefore there is no except no acceptable exposure and we're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01121-00780490-00780851": "talking about chemicals for which some ninety percent of us have body burdens", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01122-00780851-00781355": "so it's a meaningless statement to say that there is no safe level that doesn't", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01123-00781355-00781901": "help you as an agency so are there precedents that would help", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01124-00781901-00782363": "us to have a better feel for what you've already accepted as this threshold for", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01125-00782363-00783253": "negligible risk well let me think here an RFC for example an Adi is generally", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01126-00783253-00784192": "defined as a level of exposure on for up to a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01127-00784192-00785257": "lifetime that is to believe to be without significant harm so if you can", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01128-00785257-00785947": "identify a level you know it comes down to is it you know", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01129-00785947-00786744": "risk versus an ad I I think if a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01130-00786768-00787351": "traditional approach like an ad I or a reference concentration applying", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01131-00787351-00787795": "uncertainty factors however you get there however you do the details don't", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01132-00787795-00788215": "matter but if you follow that general approach I think that would be generally", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01133-00788215-00789258": "recognized as a negligible risk level or whatever I don't think that's a problem", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01134-00789258-00789961": "but your point about the the fact that we all have a body burden of this of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01135-00789961-00790342": "these chemicals is well taken I mean that I guess in a way that's the point", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01136-00790342-00791308": "of this and I feel like to some extent maybe the tails wagging the dog if the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01137-00791308-00792090": "exposure from these products turns out to be small compared to those other", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01138-00792090-00792985": "exposures then you know maybe the answer is for another agency to do the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01139-00792985-00794152": "regulating I don't know but or it may be that we can limit the use of these", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01140-00794152-00794602": "products and children's products but someone else has to worry about the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01141-00794602-00795655": "other exposures but I think that well it you have to see where this leads us and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01142-00795655-00796177": "if that's the case I think your recommendations you know you have", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01143-00796177-00797198": "latitude and and if banning the chemical in children's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01144-00797198-00797817": "products is not going to do much good then you know you could say that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01145-00798303-00798671": "unfortunately mmm banning something that's used as a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01146-00798671-00799367": "plasticizer drives the use of something else about which we know less that's", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01147-00799367-00800074": "true and that's probably why the substitutes are in here because someone", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01148-00800074-00800899": "raised that question and it'll be interesting to see in five or ten years", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01149-00800899-00801619": "in the in Haynes data whether the you know phthalates go way down in the", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01150-00801619-00802615": "adipate since it rates go way up in what the implications of that are so do you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01151-00802615-00803155": "know for sure that in Haynes is monitoring these alternatives I don't", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01152-00803155-00803807": "know I don't think they are but maybe they will and may I pose that question", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01153-00803807-00804178": "to the National Children's Study people and they say you know there are ways", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01154-00804178-00805015": "they have provisions so that as things change if it may if they see that a need", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01155-00805015-00805648": "to look at some other metabolites there are there are ways to do to adapt that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01156-00805648-00806419": "within limits certain limitations but yes it would be nice to see some bio", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01157-00806419-00807142": "monitoring data on some of these other compounds so one more question so we're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01158-00807142-00807496": "talking when you say the word ban what you're thinking about is ban in", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01159-00807496-00807949": "children's products or children's toys it's not banning like you said you're", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01160-00807949-00808417": "not the EPA right so we're not talking about banning these plasticizers period", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01161-00808417-00808865": "I mean our recommendation is we may do an exposure assessment or whatever and", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01162-00808865-00809305": "find you know a very small percentage actually comes from certain products", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01163-00809305-00809844": "which may be you a little bitty part of overall exposure", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01164-00809844-00810534": "so your word ban really is just for these sorts of products it particularly", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01165-00810534-00811167": "children's 12 and you can recommend um you know you could recommend anything I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01166-00811167-00811842": "mean you could recommend that chemical be banned I mean we couldn't do it but", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01167-00811842-00812515": "you can make that recommendation what you could also recommend is that you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01168-00812515-00813382": "know the scope of the ban is broad or narrow as you see fit", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01169-00813382-00814057": "usually there's a level because nowadays there's no such thing as zero of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01170-00814057-00814896": "anything so you know you come up with some practical level um but you're I", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01171-00814896-00815788": "think you have a lot of latitude into what you can recommend and I mean you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01172-00815788-00816796": "know your again it's you're experts in it's it's your scientific judgment that", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01173-00816796-00817153": "we're interested in well we don't want to limit you I mean we want to answer", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01174-00817153-00818046": "the charge questions but we don't want to box you in to like yes no answers", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01175-00819283-00820165": "but again I see this as a among other things a right is a matter of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01176-00820165-00820873": "prioritizing you know out of all these things that we can do what are the ones", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01177-00820873-00822928": "that will give us the best answers see I think if there's any housekeeping things", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01178-00822928-00823537": "that we need to say we're coming up on the noon hour and I think we'll break", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01179-00823537-00824974": "for lunch from noon to about 1 for the those of you in the audience there is a", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01180-00824974-00825541": "cafe downstairs in the South Tower one of the other buildings on the ground", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01181-00825541-00825949": "floor just take the elevator to the ground floor and walk you can walk over", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01182-00825949-00826794": "there if you walk that way toward the Metro you can find lots of in lots of", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01183-00826794-00828606": "restaurants in Bethesda and we'll can reconvene here at one o'clock thank you", "4B5wPlpiAyA-01184-00830490-00830695": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "4Bne8E5TX9g", "text": {"4Bne8E5TX9g-00000-00000000-00000420": "this is gimme ghoul and it's not a Pokemon you want to bump into this is a very cute", "4Bne8E5TX9g-00001-00000420-00000822": "ghost type Pokemon and it has two forms roaming form where it just walks around", "4Bne8E5TX9g-00002-00000822-00001212": "in the powder region and its chest form which you can find in Ruins and Towers", "4Bne8E5TX9g-00003-00001212-00001650": "unfortunately this Pokemon mind controls people to collect coins for it and you only", "4Bne8E5TX9g-00004-00001650-00002088": "realize it after you're done your goal is to find all of them when you play the game will", "4Bne8E5TX9g-00005-00002088-00002454": "you let it mind control you to collect them all subscribe and warn someone that"}}, {"audio_id": "4BAh1DnSVty", "text": {"4BAh1DnSVty-00000-00002937-00003681": "hey what's going on guys it's me red panda man 607 coming at you", "4BAh1DnSVty-00001-00003681-00004329": "with another video today we're playing battle mo minigame with my friends Pabu", "4BAh1DnSVty-00002-00004329-00005571": "68 and Benjamin XYZ and some other random people let me just do performances real", "4BAh1DnSVty-00003-00005571-00006795": "quick one sec I'll be right back guys alright I'm back everybody let's begin", "4BAh1DnSVty-00004-00006795-00008031": "okay um over black out guys I'm being attacked I'm being attacked", "4BAh1DnSVty-00005-00008031-00008592": "I being attacked I'm being attacked help me", "4BAh1DnSVty-00006-00009336-00013769": "okay okay okay I'm going I can hear you guys just fine Oh through the speakers", "4BAh1DnSVty-00007-00013769-00016005": "oh god please tell me I'm okay I'm get rid of that item oh Benji's dead", "4BAh1DnSVty-00008-00016005-00016917": "sober are you back in ok you're in you're dead right now though", "4BAh1DnSVty-00009-00017001-00017958": "okay we all know oh yeah I mean I I'm after you been wait why did you say", "4BAh1DnSVty-00010-00017958-00019035": "you'd I Benjamin but I i saw a Benjamin XYZ died everyone will see my respective it said", "4BAh1DnSVty-00011-00019035-00020517": "you died oh god how am I still alive I know you're under guy damn boy after the creeper", "4BAh1DnSVty-00012-00020517-00021609": "yeah I just died by the creeper by spring trapper oh my god i'm lagging like crazy", "4BAh1DnSVty-00013-00022169-00022796": "I'm lagging like crazy oh my gosh", "4BAh1DnSVty-00014-00024802-00025194": "how's worky it slightly crazy", "4BAh1DnSVty-00015-00026081-00026273": "you're like it on my screen Benjamin", "4BAh1DnSVty-00016-00026723-00027524": "yeah you're lagging on my screen really bad Benjamin okay Benjamin if you see my", "4BAh1DnSVty-00017-00027524-00027956": "screen your help oh when you like watch my video you get your liking like crazy", "4BAh1DnSVty-00018-00028514-00028827": "yeah you are lagging can you still hear me you're still lagging", "4BAh1DnSVty-00019-00029250-00029820": "Benjamin do you hear me yeah you're lagging", "4BAh1DnSVty-00020-00030455-00031493": "well you do not eat me I going up on my screen now on my screen you're not I", "4BAh1DnSVty-00021-00031493-00032279": "didn't see it happen i'm lagging like crazy oh", "4BAh1DnSVty-00022-00032279-00032996": "my gosh ahhhh how am i how am I even surviving any of this with the slack", "4BAh1DnSVty-00023-00034278-00034539": "I'm acing this you have a shovel my screen", "4BAh1DnSVty-00024-00035025-00035580": "no but you have enough ice cream or sugar only on my screen you are going to shooting with the boat", "4BAh1DnSVty-00025-00036371-00037703": "are you in the water right now Benjamin uh I'll be right back guys yeah alright I'm back everybody", "4BAh1DnSVty-00026-00037703-00038768": "I'm I was liking out pretty bad you guys saw that but I'm back in the game again Oh already", "4BAh1DnSVty-00027-00038918-00039428": "used to do still recording Benjamin", "4BAh1DnSVty-00028-00039795-00040215": "anjaneri still allowed recording all right", "4BAh1DnSVty-00029-00040405-00040585": "that's fine", "4BAh1DnSVty-00030-00040824-00041007": "I always got TTYL job", "4BAh1DnSVty-00031-00041397-00041547": "it's pretty loud", "4BAh1DnSVty-00032-00042167-00043241": "all right yeah same here same here I'll see you guys the next go round", "4BAh1DnSVty-00033-00043241-00044567": "and I'm back everybody the rounds about to begin right now ok we're", "4BAh1DnSVty-00034-00044567-00045509": "on Cove again co is like the most popular mac like most popular map three two one go", "4BAh1DnSVty-00035-00045797-00046184": "Oh God come on chest open open chest", "4BAh1DnSVty-00036-00046397-00046862": "um I'm lagging pretty bad", "4BAh1DnSVty-00037-00047294-00047519": "I'm still kind of lacking a bit bent", "4BAh1DnSVty-00038-00048114-00048725": "yeah just let them know let everyone know I'm recording", "4BAh1DnSVty-00039-00049157-00049538": "yeah I know hey yeah tell them I'm the red panda so they know", "4BAh1DnSVty-00040-00049538-00050522": "yeah I have barely any armor right now uh sure", "4BAh1DnSVty-00041-00050828-00050954": "wait where'd who go", "4BAh1DnSVty-00042-00051171-00051513": "wait can I everyone hear me on your side and everyone hear me on your side", "4BAh1DnSVty-00043-00051817-00052066": "ah no everyone can hear me on your side", "4BAh1DnSVty-00044-00052355-00052707": "oh my god i really have like any weapons all i have is a", "4BAh1DnSVty-00045-00052707-00053448": "boat with no arrows help me pick this is all I got", "4BAh1DnSVty-00046-00053998-00055135": "yeah starve to death OOP oh no I'm starving I'm starving Eliza's", "4BAh1DnSVty-00047-00055135-00056290": "surrenders I'm gonna get you help me yeah I don't have like anything on me", "4BAh1DnSVty-00048-00057353-00058572": "oh god that was crazy I'm alive though wait who's attacking me hey take that", "4BAh1DnSVty-00049-00058714-00059938": "come back here you would I have a stone sword with fire as pet / yes yes", "4BAh1DnSVty-00050-00060283-00060562": "wow I'm still alive", "4BAh1DnSVty-00051-00060700-00061000": "on my screen I'm still in the game", "4BAh1DnSVty-00052-00061441-00061664": "everyone's can still see my screen", "4BAh1DnSVty-00053-00062174-00063848": "you are there well cuz that's today's video and again if you guys did enjoy subscribe it's a", "4BAh1DnSVty-00054-00063848-00064255": "real recommendation you don't have to do it you can also like the video if you want but they're", "4BAh1DnSVty-00055-00064255-00064850": "right there's mr. Benjamin but now he's jumped off All Right see you guys in the next video a piece", "4BAh1DnSVty-00056-00067151-00067154": "Oh"}}, {"audio_id": "4BK0HkN__bQ", "text": {"4BK0HkN__bQ-00000-00000003-00000384": "Hey there this is Dr. Isaac coming at you from the PainFree Maverick.  I know", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00001-00000384-00000966": "you've seen a lot of my videos already... If you're a runner and you have had knee", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00002-00000966-00001425": "pain for a while, and you've been to the doctors, you've been to the physical", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00003-00001425-00001910": "therapist... you may have gone see some chiropractors... maybe an acupuncturist or", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00004-00001910-00002348": "two.  Hey maybe you didn't do anything and you're doing your own thing your own", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00005-00002348-00002777": "rehabilitation at home... That's okay. There's nothing wrong with that.  But you", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00006-00002777-00003446": "may now be thinking okay, I want to find the service, or the person or the thing", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00007-00003446-00003879": "that's going to be the best solution that's non-surgical.  You don't want", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00008-00003879-00004125": "surgery. You don't want injections.  You may have", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00009-00004125-00004536": "tried that.  You've been told that and you certainly don't want to take any more", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00010-00004536-00004926": "medications every time you're running and you're tired of this.  So if this is", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00011-00004926-00005337": "you, please listen to this video because I think I'm gonna totally give you some", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00012-00005337-00005952": "clarity and certainty of what to do next.  So I created this system called Neuro", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00013-00005952-00006515": "Corrective Training.  Neuro Corrective Training was built on over 21 years of", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00014-00006515-00007004": "many many many patients over fifteen thousand people that I've seen with", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00015-00007004-00007488": "conditions like yours.  Chronic conditions. Chronic sports injury conditions that", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00016-00007488-00008006": "have been told by surgeons and doctors chiropractors other physical therapists", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00017-00008006-00008457": "that they need... hey, there's nothing we can do to help you.  If that's you and", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00018-00008457-00008882": "you've been searching stay with me for a minute let me teach you a little bit", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00019-00008882-00009156": "about neuro corrective training and how it can help you and at the end of the", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00020-00009156-00009507": "video I'm gonna actually show you some neuro corrective stretches and neuro", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00021-00009507-00010011": "corrective training techniques that I'll show you if we ever meet and work", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00022-00010011-00010493": "together so neuro active training is it works like this the neurological system", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00023-00010493-00010995": "as you can see in the video over here works to control your muscles and your", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00024-00010995-00011721": "bones. Your nerves are the ultimate electrical signals to your dumb muscles", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00025-00011721-00012177": "and your stupid bones I'm sure no one's said this to you before but I'm gonna", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00026-00012177-00012611": "make it really logical you may be feeling knee pain as a runner right I", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00027-00012611-00013064": "spoke about it in my other videos but I'll review it again okay so you may be", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00028-00013064-00013491": "feeling pain here in your inside of your knee and yes the doctor", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00029-00013491-00013994": "x-rayed you MRI'd you whatever it may be and said you have a torn meniscus you", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00030-00013994-00014409": "got to get it taken out it's like a hangnail in there or the doctor may have", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00031-00014409-00014859": "said hey you have a tendinitis in here take some pills and and maybe I'll give", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00032-00014859-00015111": "you an injection in here, maybe you got an injection in there,", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00033-00015111-00015569": "the doctor said hey you have tendinitis in here wear this brace when you run", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00034-00015569-00016049": "okay I understand that the doctors treating you from a musculoskeletal", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00035-00016049-00016848": "perspective musculoskeletal perspective means bones and muscles every doctor", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00036-00016848-00017318": "every chiropractor is treating you from a musculoskeletal perspective", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00037-00017318-00017757": "well you're not better yet right that's why you're watching this video did", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00038-00017757-00018432": "anyone tell you that the nerve is the true cause of your pain think about that", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00039-00018432-00018999": "for a minute it's logical the nerve is a long electrical wire that travels from", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00040-00018999-00019383": "your lower back here it goes all the way down your leg", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00041-00019383-00019857": "that's the sciatic nerve in your buttock and travels past your knee into your", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00042-00019857-00020250": "calf and it can cause numbing and tingling in your leg... or sciatica that's", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00043-00020250-00020676": "one of your nerves but what about your femoral nerve there's a nerve that comes", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00044-00020676-00021222": "off of L 2 & 3 these bones up in here the higher bones of your spine and it", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00045-00021222-00021723": "travels through the hip flexor here and down into your quadricep and gives the", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00046-00021723-00022338": "power for you to run and gives you the power in your quadricep did any of your", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00047-00022338-00022995": "doctors or therapists attack the nerve problem?  Probably not... they probably said", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00048-00022995-00023717": "I'm gonna massage out the muscle okay the muscle is the effect of the problem", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00049-00023717-00024216": "the doctor said hey I'm gonna inject the joints I'm gonna give me on a cortisone", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00050-00024216-00024501": "shot right here and I'm gonna inject you there", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00051-00024501-00024993": "or I'm gonna inject it here on the outside okay did the doctor address the", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00052-00024993-00025739": "symptom or the cause?  the doctor is addressing the symptom.  it may give", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00053-00025739-00026177": "you I agree it gives you some relief you feel better you can keep running or", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00054-00026177-00026535": "exercising or whatever it is that you want to do but the problem keeps coming", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00055-00026535-00026897": "right back right it's temporary fix and the physical", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00056-00026897-00027369": "therapist that you saw or the the chiropractor that you saw was great they", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00057-00027369-00027711": "massaged did and it made you feel really good and they did all this stuff. did", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00058-00027711-00028182": "they help you? did it last? no!  because they did not do what I do", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00059-00028182-00028664": "they probably treated you from a musculoskeletal perspective I specialize", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00060-00028664-00029049": "in neuro-corrective training and it's my art.  neuro-corrective training is", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00061-00029049-00029601": "attacking the nerve and teaching the nerve how to move and floss or glide and", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00062-00029601-00030177": "slide through the tissues. your nerves are like long wires right so if they're", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00063-00030177-00030591": "stuck somewhere over here right if your nerve is stuck somewhere over here", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00064-00030591-00031182": "we need to glide and slide the nerve and mobilize it up here in the thigh so that", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00065-00031182-00031763": "it has the stretch ability and the flexibility when you run to do its job", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00066-00031763-00032366": "okay now let me show you what I mean by neural corrective training neural", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00067-00032366-00032891": "corrective training is we find the nerve that's trapped and then we mobilize it", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00068-00032891-00033243": "using this system this is a system called", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00069-00033243-00033816": "you could find these on Amazon or I love this website called edge mobility right", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00070-00033816-00034338": "here so edge mobility is fantastic you can go find that there they sell them on", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00071-00034338-00034812": "Amazon as well but it all it is is a big big like thick rubber band and what you", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00072-00034812-00035516": "do right no matter what knee pain you have is you can wrap it around your", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00073-00035516-00036018": "thigh like I'm doing here right on the skin of your thigh it's better if it's", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00074-00036018-00036441": "on the skin right up at the top right over here right between your hip bone", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00075-00036441-00037005": "and your lower thighs so the top third so if you split your leg in three this", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00076-00037005-00037653": "is the bottom third middle third top third right so right over here and you", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00077-00037653-00038044": "just wrap it around so all the way", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00078-00038096-00039016": "and basically once you got it all wrapped up this is only one of the", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00079-00039016-00039422": "things that I'll use with you if we work together in the neuro corrective", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00080-00039422-00039977": "training system that I do so we would attack the nerve right over here now I", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00081-00039977-00040481": "believe that the nerves are not flowing enough  electricity. what flows", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00082-00040481-00040972": "electricity to your nerves?   your blood flow the vessels of your back", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00083-00040972-00041708": "travel with the nerves of your back to send blood flow to heal and to get the", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00084-00041708-00042313": "nerves to work but when you're running and those vessels aren't feeding the", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00085-00042313-00042782": "nerves then those nerves that are entrapped between the fascia or the", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00086-00042782-00043297": "tendons between the bones and the muscles don't move.  Over 92% of your pain", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00087-00043297-00043619": "isn't caused by your bones and muscles it's caused by those nerves that are", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00088-00043619-00044144": "stuck between here and here.  so this is going to help us loosen up that those", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00089-00044144-00044537": "nerves that are trapped right here so the nerves are trapped right over here", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00090-00044537-00045053": "and what we're gonna do is you're gonna do something called self myofascial", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00091-00045053-00045628": "release right over here you're gonna roll and spin your tissues here now as", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00092-00045628-00046013": "you do this spinning motion you can see my hands are like a like almost like a", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00093-00046013-00046469": "wheel I'm spinning it like that you see that I have my hand here and my hand", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00094-00046469-00046822": "here and what you're going to do is you're gonna lock your knee see what I'm", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00095-00046822-00047290": "doing I'm locking out my knee I'm tightening up my thigh and then", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00096-00047290-00047846": "releasing it I'm tightening up my thigh and releasing it tightening up my thigh", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00097-00047846-00048212": "and releasing it and I'm gonna go the other way as well I'm going to pull the", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00098-00048212-00048887": "skin over this way tighten up my leg and spin this rubber band over like is when", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00099-00048887-00049349": "we were kids when we did the Indian sunburn if you remember that when you", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00100-00049349-00049727": "did it with your sister and brother you probably did it so I know it looks funny", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00101-00049727-00050132": "but we used to make Indian sunburns remember those days and they're brother", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00102-00050132-00050488": "and sister would scream to our Mather.. but this is what you're doing", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00103-00050488-00050866": "you're just twisting.  now why are we doing that?  because the nerves live right", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00104-00050866-00051307": "underneath these tissues right here underneath your skin the nerve", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00105-00051307-00051727": "lived there the peripheral nerves and we're mobilizing where the trap is once", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00106-00051727-00052441": "we free that up using this neural corrective training and mobilizations to", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00107-00052441-00053113": "the nervous system you will see automatically that this area will start", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00108-00053113-00053580": "to free up and this will hurt less when you run... it's like magic!", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00109-00053580-00054190": "now this isn't a solution it's a part of the big process called neuro corrective", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00110-00054190-00054741": "training the next thing that we're going to do is exercises with the band while", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00111-00054741-00055188": "we're squeezing these muscles and putting load in certain directions", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00112-00055188-00055759": "squatting and different types of squats and lunges and other types of", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00113-00055759-00056338": "neural mechanical exercises neuro means nerve mechanical means with my hands I", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00114-00056338-00056782": "would work with you and we would fire or get the different muscles of the hip and", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00115-00056782-00057175": "the in the pelvis to move you could see in the video here this runner that I", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00116-00057175-00057634": "work with this guy couldn't even run a quarter of a mile you could see I", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00117-00057634-00058005": "videotaped it what he was running I think it was like .64 of a mile he", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00118-00058005-00058414": "had pain right away burning in his knee no doctor knew what to do with him I got", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00119-00058414-00059008": "him better in five visits because I taught him the speed of how to run how", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00120-00059008-00059466": "to hit the ground on the treadmill at the right time after we did a lot of", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00121-00059466-00060085": "these special neuro corrective training education exercises with my hands on his", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00122-00060085-00060490": "body working in different planes of motion and exercises", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00123-00060490-00060982": "this is not corrective exercises.  this is not something you could get on a video on", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00124-00060982-00061309": "YouTube just like that... this is not something  you can buy in a store", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00125-00061309-00061738": "this is something that you need to come to me for and I can work with you", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00126-00061738-00062316": "personally.  if you're in the Miami area and you are looking for that proper", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00127-00062316-00062635": "solution because you've tried traditional physical therapy you've", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00128-00062635-00063166": "tried chiropractic you went to the orthopedist you are now ready to get", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00129-00063166-00063697": "results I guarantee you the results I know I can help you there's nobody I", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00130-00063697-00064141": "cannot help.  if you call me on the phone and we have a conversation I will give", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00131-00064141-00064535": "you the time and we will discuss your case because your problem is", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00132-00064535-00064964": "knee  right?  that's what you feel it that's your symptom but your problem is", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00133-00064964-00065404": "something else coming from some nerve that's trapped in your system that needs", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00134-00065404-00065912": "to be diagnosed from a mechanical standpoint and in an assessment and I", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00135-00065912-00066296": "can give that to you I'm an expert in runners and I'd love to work with you", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00136-00066296-00066710": "you can hit me up with an email, Ofir@allcarept.com and we can get", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00137-00066710-00067115": "started with a conversation and see if I can help you working with my special", "4BK0HkN__bQ-00138-00067115-00067651": "neuro corrective training... check out my website for more information... thanks!"}}, {"audio_id": "4BaOi1sjX84", "text": {"4BaOi1sjX84-00014-00004402-00004452": "Nandula Sisters"}}, {"audio_id": "4C5Q1HjZeSU", "text": {"4C5Q1HjZeSU-00000-00000120-00000345": "- We went around asking people we know,", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00001-00000345-00000475": "asking people we don't know,", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00002-00000475-00000802": "asking people of friends if you're gonna be 18 by November", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00003-00000802-00001036": "or either you're already 18, to sign up to vote.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00004-00001036-00001174": "We tell them that it's important", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00005-00001174-00001340": "that their voices are heard,", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00006-00001340-00001569": "and I think that boostes their confidence.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00007-00001569-00001778": "- All of us are senior leaders at Johnston,", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00008-00001778-00002097": "and just by us having that role in our school,", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00009-00002097-00002305": "we can really spread out a strong message", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00010-00002305-00002593": "about the importance of registering to vote.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00011-00002593-00002837": "- There are volunteers for National Voters Registration Day", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00012-00002837-00003024": "in communities across the country", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00013-00003024-00003214": "helping people get registered to vote.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00014-00003214-00003714": "We had over 750,000 people register on this day in 2016,", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00015-00003772-00004057": "and we're hoping to have even more than that this year.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00016-00004057-00004349": "- We're celebrating National Voter Registration Day,", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00017-00004349-00004492": "and that's critical for us", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00018-00004492-00004747": "because nothing changes if we don't vote.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00019-00004747-00005006": "You absolutely must register.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00020-00005006-00005201": "You absolutely must participate.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00021-00005201-00005457": "- I brought all my government classes down here.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00022-00005457-00005689": "I really stress the importance of voting", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00023-00005689-00006069": "and how their decisions can make actual differences", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00024-00006069-00006206": "in their lives and their community.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00025-00006206-00006488": "This time of year, I teach units on elections", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00026-00006488-00006755": "and political parties, kinda help them figure out", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00027-00006755-00006981": "where they stand and what their beliefs are.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00028-00006981-00007197": "- We did a training yesterday at Como.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00029-00007197-00007339": "We're working with OWL.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00030-00007339-00007492": "So we're trying go get a lot of the schools", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00031-00007492-00007764": "in Saint Paul involved and also some schools in Minneapolis.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00032-00007764-00007940": "We're hoping to bring to the students is", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00033-00007940-00008155": "not only to get them to registered,", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00034-00008155-00008405": "but we're trying to teach them how to register their peers", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00035-00008405-00008670": "who are 18, how to register their parents, their neighbors", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00036-00008670-00008809": "and other members of their community.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00037-00008809-00009019": "- Our voices are important to hear.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00038-00009019-00009469": "We are young, and I feel like us as generation", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00039-00009469-00009627": "should change the world.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00040-00009627-00009893": "- For us young adults, we do have our opportunity", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00041-00009893-00010175": "to speak out for what we believe,", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00042-00010175-00010450": "and I want us young adults out here", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00043-00010450-00010783": "to make this community a better place too.", "4C5Q1HjZeSU-00044-00010783-00011091": "(upbeat dance music)"}}, {"audio_id": "4CizQgdxVrM", "text": {"4CizQgdxVrM-00000-00000000-00000200": "RTX 4070 Ti | Red Dead Redemption 2 | r7-5800x3d"}}, {"audio_id": "4Dtp7fBvF4Y", "text": {"4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00000-00000021-00000683": "[Introduction slides to background music]", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00001-00000683-00000817": "[PAUSE]", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00002-00000817-00001334": ">>Voiceover: The Olympic flame is the symbol of any Games and keeping it alight requires", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00003-00001334-00001628": "enormous technical skill and knowledge.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00004-00001628-00002307": "For the London 2012 Games the Olympic flame is actually made up of 204 smaller flames,", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00005-00002307-00002839": "each representing one of the nations taking part and it’s different to any other seen", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00006-00002839-00002939": "before.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00007-00002939-00003398": ">>Constantino Manias: In terms of the London cauldron, the engineering, the mechanical", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00008-00003398-00003839": "and electrical engineering is extremely complex.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00009-00003839-00004609": "There is a large number of moving parts; they all have to be synchronised to operate correctly", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00010-00004609-00004927": "otherwise we could finish up with a bowl of spaghetti.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00011-00004927-00005451": ">>Voiceover: The idea of making the 200-odd small flames merge into one comes with its", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00012-00005451-00006037": "own technical hurdles which required South Australia’s FCT Flames to draw on all the", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00013-00006037-00006317": "expertise they learned from previous Olympic Games.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00014-00006317-00006778": ">>Constantino Manias: Most of the equipment, the complexity, the engineering is behind", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00015-00006778-00007361": "the scenes and if we look at something like the London cauldron, there was something like", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00016-00007361-00008017": "15 kilometres of wiring that’s gone into the control panels and another 5.5 kilometres", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00017-00008017-00008256": "into the cauldron itself.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00018-00008256-00009122": "The control cabinets that control the flame with lots of valves and controls and sensors.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00019-00009122-00009618": ">>Voiceover: Each of the burner stems carrying the individual flames in the cauldron had", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00020-00009618-00010071": "to be as thin as possible yet large enough to incorporate the electrical wiring, the", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00021-00010071-00010271": "gas supply and a flame detector.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00022-00010271-00010728": ">>Constantino Manias: The cauldron itself has many sensors to check what the flame is", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00023-00010728-00011433": "doing, that the flame is on and hasn’t gone out with the various petals in which the flame", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00024-00011433-00012046": "was held, so there is a lot of complexity behind the scenes to produce what can seem", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00025-00012046-00012267": "to some people a fairly simple flame.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00026-00012267-00012704": ">>Voiceover: Creating the cauldron is a high pressure job and the lighting of the flame", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00027-00012704-00013016": "is watched by billions of people around the world.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00028-00013016-00013288": "The flame encompasses the spirit of the Olympics.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00029-00013288-00014022": ">>Constantino Manias: In our R&D and our test work we do simulate high wind, we simulate", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00030-00014022-00014884": "rainfall, we have to ensure that this is safe, that firstly and secondly that the flames", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00031-00014884-00015294": "will stay alight during these kind of weather conditions.", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00032-00015294-00015825": ">>Voiceover: The lighting of the flame during the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00033-00015825-00016451": "is the climax of the event and for that reason FCT Flames can safely claim to have created", "4Dtp7fBvF4Y-00034-00016451-00017222": "the most watched flames in history."}}, {"audio_id": "4DBGAiM1Mck", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "4E6PM8zGwFy", "text": {"4E6PM8zGwFy-00000-00000032-00000504": "hey everyone i'm terry g thanks a lot for stopping by and watching my video if you can take a second", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00001-00000504-00000984": "can you please subscribe to my channel i really appreciate it again thanks a lot for stopping by", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00002-00000984-00001592": "what i want to talk about when i first came into recovery and sort of got the recovery game you", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00003-00001592-00002240": "know got some traction the first time i came in though i was 22 years old and i had that scenario", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00004-00002240-00002824": "that a lot of young people get in you know i lived that same scenario i looked around and", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00005-00002824-00003520": "everybody was a great top or many many years older than me and i said to myself i don't belong here", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00006-00003520-00004056": "i'm too young to be an alcoholic i'm too young to be a drug addict i'm out of here and i left", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00007-00004056-00004640": "i lasted about 30 days the first time the second time i came in what's the expression i want to", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00008-00004640-00005264": "use put the cart before the horse i did everything that everybody in 12-step programs was telling me", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00009-00005264-00005776": "not to do i said i'll prove you wrong i'll do the toll opposite and i'll do the hell i want", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00010-00005776-00006368": "and i did what the hell i want and i ended up drinking again and going out again for many for", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00011-00006368-00006864": "about three years and when i say do what i want i mean i went out with uh i got involved in a", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00012-00006864-00007472": "relationship oh yeah nice relationship i even got her pregnant and we had a small child at that time", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00013-00007472-00008000": "and i couldn't even run my own life at 28 years old so that was the kind of decisions i was making", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00014-00008000-00008640": "huge huge decisions in my life and i couldn't even run my own life when i finally got some traction", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00015-00008640-00009368": "or or got involved in 12 step programs i was 31 years old 31 years old a lot of people come in", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00016-00009448-00009944": "to 12 set programs at 31 years old a lot of people are coming in much younger nowadays", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00017-00009944-00010384": "and that is just great because if you can get a handle on your addiction at a younger age", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00018-00010384-00010960": "that is terrific but i was 31 years old and one of some of the things i was feeling at 31 years old", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00019-00010960-00011560": "in recovery the first thing was when i started my journey was i felt like a complete loser", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00020-00011560-00012104": "i looked around and i was comparing myself to all my buddies and all my peers you know they had", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00021-00012104-00012800": "houses they had great relationships they were well educated they had children all this kind of stuff", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00022-00012800-00013400": "they had it together and people much younger than me had it together and i was very very jealous of", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00023-00013400-00013952": "this when i was in my 30s because i never planned to be an alcoholic i want to be a businessman", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00024-00013952-00014600": "i wanted to be successful at life and alcohol had different plans for me it kicked the legs", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00025-00014600-00015056": "right out from underneath me all the time every time i built up my life in the restaurant business", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00026-00015056-00015728": "or had a great relationship going on or bought a car whatever it may be i lost everything i", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00027-00015728-00016280": "remember getting my car repolled from my apartment going down to work one day and my car wasn't there", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00028-00016280-00016928": "they re-pulled the damn thing you know just on and on alcohol had different plans for me so when", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00029-00016928-00017536": "i sobered up at 31 years old i was pretty mixed up i was destitute basically i didn't have any", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00030-00017536-00018064": "place to live i was you know bumming food at the mission down here in ottawa i was looking for some", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00031-00018064-00018728": "place to live the ymca took me in they gave me a room i had my own room my own bed my own tv that", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00032-00018728-00019248": "kind of thing so i was really grateful at that time but let me tell you something at that age i", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00033-00019248-00020032": "had nothing going for me i really didn't i envied a lot of people a lot of anger a lot of issues of", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00034-00020032-00020656": "just issues and issues going on but it doesn't really matter why you come into recovery it really", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00035-00020656-00021184": "doesn't and it doesn't matter what age it is that you come in the main thing is is that you're there", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00036-00021288-00021816": "that you're there that you're trying to better yourself being an alcoholic and have a disease", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00037-00021816-00022488": "of alcoholism is not your fault it's a disease it's something we get we drink ourselves in to the", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00038-00022488-00023184": "dependency of alcohol that we use alcohol to to run our lives to control our emotions to control", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00039-00023184-00023936": "the way we think you know everything alcohol will go into every nook and cranny of your life", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00040-00023936-00024624": "and by this time i've drank since 13 years old and like i said my last week when i was 31 i knew when", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00041-00024624-00025304": "i was 18 years old that i had a drinking problem my life was totally out of control i was afraid", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00042-00025304-00026024": "of my anger when i say anger i want to say rage because i had rage anger would have been nice but", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00043-00026024-00026783": "my my emotions were so intense i had so much hate against the world and my parents and my dad and", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00044-00026839-00027495": "the way i was brought up it was rage i thought the world owed me so what did i do what did i do with", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00045-00027495-00028095": "all this anger and all this life that i want to have what did i do well i like to say that", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00046-00028095-00028504": "when i went in recovery everything worked out i like to say that but it didn't i went through", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00047-00028504-00029239": "another divorce i lost my house again i lost a lot of stuff in recovery the one thing i didn't lose i", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00048-00029239-00029968": "didn't lose my recovery i didn't lose my journey i was still sober through everything being silver", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00049-00030064-00030639": "uh doesn't promise us anything it doesn't promise us a good education or healthy children or", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00050-00030639-00031200": "or a great life or a nice house or a nice car a beautiful wife it doesn't guarantee that what it", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00051-00031200-00031839": "simply guarantees is that we will have the ability to save silver no matter what happens to us", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00052-00031839-00032624": "in life we will be granted the tools and we'll understand that drinking is just not an option", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00053-00032624-00033288": "for us no matter what so when i was 31 i got i you know the first year recovery was a lot of", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00054-00033288-00034008": "fun it was all new and but i immersed myself in the 12-step programs i went to counseling i went", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00055-00034008-00034488": "back to school a little bit because my reading and writing to this day really sucks and i started to", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00056-00034488-00035144": "better myself slowly but i did one thing that i did didn't do last times when i was in recovery", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00057-00035144-00035896": "programs i put my sobriety first and i still do that to this day putting my recovery first what", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00058-00035896-00036632": "is number one in my life number one in my life is not to drink again stay in recovery that is number", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00059-00036632-00037192": "one everything else can lose i can lose it in my life but i do not want to drink because if i drink", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00060-00037280-00037736": "everything becomes very hopeless and let me tell you something i'll become a train wreck", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00061-00037736-00038328": "very very soon i don't have no reason to believe i'll become a train wreck but i look around and", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00062-00038328-00039016": "see my guys my friends around me who went back out after many years some of them have died", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00063-00039016-00039568": "some of them ended up in jail some of them i never hear about anymore lost everything and you know", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00064-00039568-00040088": "it's a disaster so if you're thinking about going out and drinking i wouldn't do that so getting", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00065-00040088-00040784": "sober and going out you can rebuild your life you really really can take it one day at a time", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00066-00040840-00041480": "find somebody who you can talk to find somebody to guide you if you're going through hard times", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00067-00041480-00041952": "they will work out i like i said i was going through divorce court when i first came into", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00068-00041952-00042712": "program i had criminal charges against me i had a lot of things going against me when i got sober", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00069-00042712-00043288": "and being silver with a lot of pressure external pressure on you is very very difficult but it's", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00070-00043288-00044072": "not impossible it's not impossible we need to realize that being sober or getting recovery", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00071-00044128-00044880": "is hard it's difficult and it'll suck sometimes it'll suck the life out of you you'll think what", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00072-00044880-00045528": "the hell am i doing this for why am i feeling so lousy i thought sobriety was supposed to be great", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00073-00045592-00046184": "but it is great but we have to go through those spurts a lot of that stuff that you're suffering", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00074-00046184-00046848": "from is wreckage from the past past behaviors of your drinking and your alcoholism that you", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00075-00046848-00047592": "need to clean up it's old emotions things you've never dealt with it's fear it's hurt it's pain", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00076-00047664-00048368": "it's fear of the future all those sort of things but it will get better because you know why", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00077-00048440-00048968": "you will get better you will get better if you have the same determination", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00078-00048968-00049896": "that i have or had or have whatever to get sober your life will be great your life will be great", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00079-00049968-00050600": "what's it like today for me well it's like this i have a cottage i have a house i have a loving", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00080-00050600-00051240": "wife i have a lot of things in my life that i never thought i had before i have great friends", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00081-00051360-00052024": "i i have good health i have the ability to do these videos on a regular basis there's a lot of", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00082-00052024-00052744": "things i've going for me but the main thing that i have going for me is that i am silver that is the", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00083-00052744-00053704": "main thing okay you put your sobriety first before anything before your children before your wife", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00084-00053704-00054304": "before your job before your bank account before going to the gym before going out to a party", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00085-00054304-00054944": "whatever it is you will get where you're going and all those other things around you that you wanted", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00086-00054944-00055632": "will come to you naturally you will not have to force them whatsoever believe it or not", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00087-00055632-00056312": "okay believe it or not being silver is a great life it's not an easy life at the beginning but", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00088-00056312-00057128": "there is a reward and the reward is serenity peace and harmony with yourself in the world around you", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00089-00057128-00057920": "in the ability to handle life one day at a time what else can you ask for after that the world", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00090-00057920-00058640": "is yours believe it or not okay believe it or not my name is terry g this is an alcohol free life", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00091-00058640-00059352": "channel we're alerted of silver one day at a time if you like my video leave a comment below if you", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00092-00059352-00060040": "think my video sucks leave a comment below but can you all do me one favor can you please subscribe", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00093-00060040-00060879": "to my channel okay thanks for stopping by i'll see you next week god bless stay safe stay sober", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00094-00060879-00061376": "and i'll see you next time i'm checking out it's mother's day here in ottawa canada", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00095-00061432-00061928": "happy mother's day to all you beautiful women and thank you for looking after your kids", "4E6PM8zGwFy-00096-00061928-00062608": "and making great great sons and daughters okay thanks a lot and see you later bye bye"}}, {"audio_id": "4E9W2iO0ZHA", "text": {"4E9W2iO0ZHA-00000-00000024-00000736": "You're watching Khaz and Effect, Khazi here and it's time for another Fact To Sip On", "4E9W2iO0ZHA-00001-00000992-00001655": "Did you know that during the Victorian era people used to consume the toxic chemical arsenic", "4E9W2iO0ZHA-00002-00001655-00002392": "in order to improve their skin well this of course is not true and likely explains why", "4E9W2iO0ZHA-00003-00002392-00004160": "the life expectancy for this time was around 40 years old this has been facts to sip on"}}, {"audio_id": "4Er0WwcZHkg", "text": {"4Er0WwcZHkg-00000-00000503-00000903": "My name is Max Gigle and I interned at the Rhode Island Office of Innovation, and did", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00001-00000903-00001366": "a project at the Rhode Island Division of Information Technology.I was fortunate enough", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00002-00001366-00001748": "to connect with a number of people around the United States who all pointed to Rhode", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00003-00001748-00002261": "Island as a great place to be doing design and innovation in government.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00004-00002261-00002632": "Shortly enough, I was talking to the people in the Office of Innovation.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00005-00002632-00003225": "SoI connected with them and ended up working in both of those offices.The state government", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00006-00003225-00003764": "has a number of websites that are not governed by an overarching Web structure.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00007-00003764-00004274": "The specific project I was working on was to help design the rules of engagement on", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00008-00004274-00004869": "how someone might design a new website underneath an information architecture for the state", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00009-00004869-00004969": "websites.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00010-00004969-00005352": "Entering grad school, I was very interested in design and innovation in government, and", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00011-00005352-00005980": "the experience only stoked my interest in working in innovation.There are some really", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00012-00005980-00006419": "hard working, passionate people working on the ground in Rhode Island.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00013-00006419-00006995": "I was very fortunate to learn from them and learn what it actually means to work innovation", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00014-00006995-00007189": "into government practice.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00015-00007189-00007629": "Some advice for the incoming student: The internship is a great experience, and one", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00016-00007629-00008000": "of the best experiences to apply practically what you’re gonna learn in grad school and", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00017-00008000-00008249": "where you might get opportunities after grad school.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00018-00008249-00008637": "So what I would suggest for anybody coming in, if you’re looking to design your own", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00019-00008637-00008982": "internship, figure out what you like the most out of your year.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00020-00008982-00009278": "Figure out what you want to do, what you want to explore.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00021-00009278-00009595": "Put those down and start networking as soon as possible.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00022-00009595-00010106": "Reach out to the people here at Ford School, your fellow students,reach out to your professional", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00023-00010106-00010206": "network.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00024-00010206-00010675": "Make lists and work your way through them, and talk about exactly how they can give perspective", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00025-00010675-00011139": "to you in your second year, as well as in your professional endeavors outside of it.", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00026-00011139-00011487": "Eventually, you’ll start talking to people that have internships, and you can go from", "4Er0WwcZHkg-00027-00011487-00011853": "there to see if those might be of interest to you in the summer in between your two years."}}, {"audio_id": "4E-opa_stdu", "text": {"4E-opa_stdu-00000-00001152-00001440": "in this video we're going to show you guys the process of how we build it", "4E-opa_stdu-00001-00001440-00002080": "house or box whatever they call them banal nest box hey guys welcome to the advancebay", "4E-opa_stdu-00002-00002136-00002848": "we're back with our project building barn owl box, yeah this is nicodemus from advanced bay kids", "4E-opa_stdu-00003-00002936-00003576": "yeah check his channel down below we have the link what are we going to do today um build owl", "4E-opa_stdu-00004-00003656-00004608": "nest our nest owl nest yeah no nest they can build themselves owl houses our houses barn owl", "4E-opa_stdu-00005-00004608-00005280": "house or box whatever they call them barn owl nest box so whatever you guys like it that's the way", "4E-opa_stdu-00006-00005280-00005936": "you guys can call it before we start our project I want to introduce someone our friend our friend", "4E-opa_stdu-00007-00006208-00006752": "here's our little friend right here guys even though this is a great horn owl we're going", "4E-opa_stdu-00008-00006752-00007295": "to make this little guy jealous that he's not getting a barn owl house but the real barn owl", "4E-opa_stdu-00009-00007295-00007944": "house that's flying around our area they will get those boxes installed for them in this video we're", "4E-opa_stdu-00010-00007944-00008592": "going to show you guys the process how we build it and we will make next video where we're gonna show", "4E-opa_stdu-00011-00008592-00009200": "how we install them are you ready any game yeah what about him i mean do we have the name for him", "4E-opa_stdu-00012-00009296-00009840": "no so what are we gonna do i i need you to comment down below and give him a name", "4E-opa_stdu-00013-00009840-00010664": "and he's gonna be observing every process we do so we make a good protected box barn owl box so", "4E-opa_stdu-00014-00010664-00011312": "they won't attack them in those boxes you got it yeah you ready yeah okay let's go all right", "4E-opa_stdu-00015-00011312-00011896": "guys so this is the location where we're gonna start building we need a table right yeah and", "4E-opa_stdu-00016-00011896-00012608": "i bought something really cool i saw this online this is top built little racks where you install", "4E-opa_stdu-00017-00012608-00013056": "two by four four by four it's all adjustable right here on this we're gonna put a plywood", "4E-opa_stdu-00018-00013112-00014184": "we're gonna open this like this so we have two little legs right here", "4E-opa_stdu-00019-00014632-00015584": "they can be adjusted yeah the higher lower position", "4E-opa_stdu-00020-00015736-00016984": "is this even one side should be now you can just like do tricks all right", "4E-opa_stdu-00021-00017992-00018616": "okay guys here is the setup right here found this plastic window trim I like to use it from recycle", "4E-opa_stdu-00022-00018616-00019080": "and this is the setup this is our table we're gonna build everything on this table right here", "4E-opa_stdu-00023-00019152-00019760": "and I will cover that with the plywood that I found on my property and let me show you", "4E-opa_stdu-00024-00019760-00020728": "guys that the plywood this is the plywood I found let's see how he drops it okay okay okay all right", "4E-opa_stdu-00025-00020968-00021368": "strong guy wow you're surprising me are you gonna fly away with that", "4E-opa_stdu-00026-00021576-00022784": "wow okay okay nice yeah put it what happened to your head", "4E-opa_stdu-00027-00023112-00023568": "good job man okay I think you're good you can get out of it", "4E-opa_stdu-00028-00023960-00024344": "nice you're surprising me man let me install it", "4E-opa_stdu-00029-00025216-00025384": "right yeah", "4E-opa_stdu-00030-00026560-00027183": "so now I'm gonna have to cut the sides and our measurements remember 16 inches", "4E-opa_stdu-00031-00027183-00027808": "so our dimensions are 16 inches right here right there little buddy", "4E-opa_stdu-00032-00028072-00028792": "16 correct yes all right okay so now we're gonna start cutting everything", "4E-opa_stdu-00033-00028904-00030983": "are you ready boy let's go all right we're gonna give him some right he's gonna ride the plywood", "4E-opa_stdu-00034-00035912-00037984": "nice now we're gonna do we're gonna make it a little wider ready are you ready boy", "4E-opa_stdu-00035-00044680-00044984": "my", "4E-opa_stdu-00036-00046872-00047784": "so", "4E-opa_stdu-00037-00048016-00049184": "uh", "4E-opa_stdu-00038-00057112-00057728": "okay so what we've done just made a little proper right here and two inside", "4E-opa_stdu-00039-00057824-00058208": "and if we want to open the front side we're just gonna have to remove two screws", "4E-opa_stdu-00040-00058208-00059032": "like this right there and this panel will just drop down like this I just don't have time to", "4E-opa_stdu-00041-00059032-00060384": "go to a store to buy just two hinges maybe we'll add it later we'll see it's still possible to do", "4E-opa_stdu-00042-00063600-00064584": "so", "4E-opa_stdu-00043-00065152-00065984": "so", "4E-opa_stdu-00044-00071152-00071584": "bye", "4E-opa_stdu-00045-00076496-00077088": "there you go guys we are finished with the owl shelter box i'm excited guys to show you guys", "4E-opa_stdu-00046-00077088-00077624": "what we have finally done yeah you guys saw the whole process how we cut the plywood how we you", "4E-opa_stdu-00047-00077624-00078128": "know nailed everything back together so you can see how we assembled it and a little bit more", "4E-opa_stdu-00048-00078128-00078784": "about the box that nobody has a box like this online i mean this is our own design we did", "4E-opa_stdu-00049-00078784-00079600": "research dimensions for it you can see it from the back probably easier so it's a 20 inch by 16 inch", "4E-opa_stdu-00050-00079600-00080264": "by 23 inch in height so it gives enough room for barn owls to hatch inside and raise their little", "4E-opa_stdu-00051-00080264-00080848": "owl chicks so this is good enough space for them to multiply hit on the property we decided to", "4E-opa_stdu-00052-00080848-00081408": "install this a couple poles we'll show you guys in the next video where how we're going to install it", "4E-opa_stdu-00053-00081408-00082200": "but right before that we have to do something what else stain stain stainless water not till we can", "4E-opa_stdu-00054-00082256-00082880": "yeah so we want to give some stain coat coats to cover from water from rain or", "4E-opa_stdu-00055-00082960-00083512": "we can put like any roof yeah we can do some we have some ideas for roof materials and we", "4E-opa_stdu-00056-00083512-00084088": "will show you guys in that in our next episode uh this one just to show you guys that we actually", "4E-opa_stdu-00057-00084088-00084824": "done with the box i'm excited you know also one thing we've done there's a little hole right here", "4E-opa_stdu-00058-00085008-00085560": "yeah this is we also did a research and this is the standard hole for barn owls to actually fly in", "4E-opa_stdu-00059-00085560-00086448": "fly out and one more thing i think we what we've done this the front panel the bottom panel you can", "4E-opa_stdu-00060-00086448-00086952": "easily be removed just to clean inside over time you know what i'm excited about", "4E-opa_stdu-00061-00086952-00087752": "what if a barn owl flies in and start laying eggs it would be nice to install a camera we", "4E-opa_stdu-00062-00087752-00088240": "would like to go live to show you guys what's going on inside how they hatch", "4E-opa_stdu-00063-00088240-00088888": "lay eggs and we have a box like this available in our store advancedbay.com you can actually find", "4E-opa_stdu-00064-00088888-00089784": "in description below you'll see the link there let me show you guys what we offer", "4E-opa_stdu-00065-00091488-00092176": "all right guys this is the box similar to the one you just saw in our video but this box will", "4E-opa_stdu-00066-00092176-00092832": "be this we already have a few of them available you can purchase if you have a property like this", "4E-opa_stdu-00067-00092832-00093616": "you can also use this box for not only barn owl but you know other owls too this is what will be", "4E-opa_stdu-00068-00093616-00094264": "available in our store advancedbay.com where you can purchase one so this is it, for now,", "4E-opa_stdu-00069-00094264-00094776": "this is it for today right subscribe give a like if you like this video and don't forget", "4E-opa_stdu-00070-00094776-00095544": "to ring the notification bell not to miss out a live stream or any barn owl shelter box video", "4E-opa_stdu-00071-00095544-00096216": "and go check out advanced bay kids on my channel I made a video like this too link in the description", "4E-opa_stdu-00072-00096216-00096784": "yeah so guys thank you for watching we hope you guys enjoy this video see you guys later", "4E-opa_stdu-00073-00101736-00101786": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "4EJWbkuF0DA", "text": {"4EJWbkuF0DA-00000-00003250-00003500": "Part of ageing seems to be genetically determined.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00001-00003500-00004300": "When researchers study ageing, they tend to work with microorganisms, that live for a very short period of time.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00002-00004300-00005200": "This gives them the opportunity to achieve short-term results and to study the whole period of life of these organisms.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00003-00005200-00006500": "One of the organisms mostly studied by researchers is Caenorhabditis elegans, a short round worm that lives for about two to three weeks.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00004-00006500-00007700": "C. elegans has a very simple genetic structure and gives researchers the opportunity to study the genetic processes in ageing in a detailed way.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00005-00007700-00008500": "Over the past decade C. elegans has been one of the most studied objects in ageing research.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00006-00008500-00009900": "The groundbreaking work by Cynthia Kenyon in 1993, that showed that a single point gene mutation could help to prolong life span of C. elegans for more than double", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00007-00009900-00010300": "was really groundbreaking work for ageing research.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00008-00010300-00011000": "For humans and especially for the kidney organs the concept of genetic ageing has been proven in vivo.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00009-00011000-00011900": "Especially one of the genes, called Klotho gene, seems to be responsible for the ageing process in humans.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00010-00011900-00013300": "It was called Klotho gene through the Greek goddess of faith, because it's called the “spindle of life” because the Klotho gene could be associated with ageing in humans in general.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00011-00013300-00014100": "Mutations of the Klotho gene have been shown to accelerate the ageing process, especially in the kidneys.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00012-00014100-00015600": "Furthermore, changes on chromosomal level occur during ageing in humans. It could be shown that the end of the chromosomes who host our genetic information are built by telomeres.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00013-00015600-00016600": "Telomeres, imagine, are like the end of shoelaces and those telomeres protect the chromosomes and the genetic environment from being damaged.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00014-00016600-00017600": "It enables our cells to do their job.  It could be shown in epidemiological studies that the shortening of those telomeres", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00015-00017600-00018500": "may be associated with age-related diseases, with loss of functionality and also loss of organ capacity.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00016-00018500-00020100": "Increased oxidative stress, meaning a decreased ability to use oxygen, has been shown to be associated with down regulation of klotho gene, as well as the shortening of telomeres in human kidneys.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00017-00020100-00021100": "It has also been associated with morpho-pathological changes and the diminished kidney capacity to filter the primary urine.", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00018-00021100-00021800": "Those chromosomal and genetic variations and ageing processes are further accelerated", "4EJWbkuF0DA-00019-00021800-00022600": "if either hormonal changes or the diminished capacity to keep up homeostasis in the human body are occurring."}}, {"audio_id": "4F6DOJZgv_U", "text": {"4F6DOJZgv_U-00000-00000006-00000687": "Factor analysis results can be used for calculation of reliability indices", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00001-00000687-00001389": "similar to coefficient alpha. The most commonly used one is the composite reliability index,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00002-00001389-00001973": "also known as coefficient Omega and the average variance extracted,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00003-00001973-00002574": "or AVE. The AVE is not that useful of an index and it has some problems, but it's", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00004-00002574-00003141": "useful to understand what it quantifies because it's still fairly commonly used.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00005-00003141-00003822": "Let's take an example. The Yli-Renko article has both composite reliability here,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00006-00003822-00004596": "and they explain that composite reliability is similar to coefficient alpha and they interpret", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00007-00004596-00005277": "these results as reliability indices. So the reliability index here quantifies that if we", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00008-00005277-00006441": "take a sum of the indicators, then the reliability of the sum is 0.7 and this sum is 0.75. So it's", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00009-00006441-00006951": "interpreted the exact same way as coefficient alpha. Then they have the average variance", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00010-00006951-00007725": "extracted statistic. This is often interpreted as the average reliability of an individual", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00011-00007725-00008391": "indicator in the scale. So it doesn't really measure the reliability of the scale as such,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00012-00008391-00008988": "but instead it measures the average reliability of each individual indicator.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00013-00008988-00009780": "So the scale reliability increases the reliability of the sum of the indicators, increasing as a", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00014-00009780-00010314": "function of the number of indicators and composite reliability. They take that into account whereas", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00015-00010314-00011298": "average variance extracted does not. And then they claimed that it indicates internal consistency,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00016-00011298-00012060": "which these indices do not. So they measured reliability assuming internal consistency", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00017-00012060-00012603": "but they do not test internal consistency. The assumptions are basically the same as with alpha.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00018-00012774-00013458": "The composite reliability index and average variance extracted index are presented with", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00019-00013458-00014283": "these kinds of equations. So the composite reliability is basically the variance due to", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00020-00014283-00014847": "the factor divided by the total variance of the composite. So the total variance", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00021-00014847-00015375": "of the sum divided by the variation due to the factor. And then the average variance", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00022-00015375-00016065": "extracted is approximately the average of the estimated indicator reliability of the scale.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00023-00016065-00016614": "So it's an approximation - it's not exact because there are some nuances for how it's calculated.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00024-00016614-00017499": "Let's do an example. So let's check what kind of reliability indices we get from our exploratory", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00025-00017499-00018177": "factor analysis results. So we have the first indicator - first factor here. We can use the", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00026-00018177-00018948": "equation from the previous slide to calculate indicator reliabilities. The reliability is", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00027-00018948-00019536": "the square of factor loading. That's an estimate of reliability of an indicator. We divide by 3", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00028-00019536-00020271": "because we have three indicators and the average variance extracted for this factor would be 81%.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00029-00020271-00020826": "Then composite reliability -which is more useful - is calculated with", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00030-00020826-00021390": "this kind of equation. So we calculate how much variance the factor explains,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00031-00021390-00022140": "what is the total variance of the data of the composite, and it's a 93%. So we can do these", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00032-00022140-00022755": "calculations pretty easily by hand based on factor analysis results. So of these,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00033-00022755-00023325": "the composite reliability is useful because it tells us something that is not obvious from", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00034-00023325-00023874": "the factor analysis results. So it tells us what is the reliability of the sum. It", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00035-00023874-00024351": "takes into account the individual indicator reliabilities and the number of indicators.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00036-00024351-00025014": "Doing this kind of calculation by looking at the factor loadings would be a bit difficult.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00037-00025014-00025434": "The average variance extracted on the other hand doesn't really tell us much", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00038-00025434-00025944": "beyond the factor analysis results. If we want to know what are the reliabilities of", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00039-00025944-00026339": "each indicator - is there bad indicator somewhere here- we are much better off", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00040-00026339-00026856": "by looking at the factor loadings than looking at the other variance extracted", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00041-00026856-00027464": "statistics. So I recommend that you apply the composite reliability, and it's nowadays", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00042-00027464-00028089": "more recommended than alpha because it has less assumptions. But I don't think that", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00043-00028089-00028727": "the average variance extracted statistics is that useful even if it's widely used.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00044-00028727-00029493": "So what's the difference between composite reliability and coefficient alpha? The idea", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00045-00029493-00030183": "of an alpha is that it tells us what is the reliability of the sum of the scale items.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00046-00030183-00031005": "The composite reliability tells the exact same information, but instead of taking the indicator", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00047-00031005-00031632": "correlations, it uses factor analysis results as input for its calculation.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00048-00031632-00032457": "The difference is that you make less assumptions by doing so. So the composite reliability index", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00049-00032457-00033072": "is also called congeneric index because it doesn't make the Tau equivalence assumption", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00050-00033072-00033564": "that every indicator is equally reliable. So it allows the indicators to vary in how", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00051-00033564-00034152": "reliable they are and it is therefore a more general index than Cronbach's alpha. You will", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00052-00034152-00034731": "need to do a factor analysis anyway to asses uni-dimensionality to use alpha,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00053-00034731-00035514": "and therefore you have the input for the composite reliability index regardless. So using the", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00054-00035514-00036129": "composite reliability as a matter of routine is a better idea than calculating the alpha,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00055-00036129-00036585": "which makes the more constraining assumption that all indicators are equally reliable.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00056-00036585-00037314": "So there's a counter-argument to what I just explained. So this argument for the superiority", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00057-00037314-00038007": "of composite reliability over coefficient alpha has been made in a number of papers, for example,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00058-00038007-00038709": "Cho and McNeish, make that kind of argument. But there's also the counter-argument, that Peterson's", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00059-00038709-00039633": "study has found, that alpha and composite reliability tend to be about the same value.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00060-00039633-00040215": "So they went through a number of studies that reported both of these two indices and concluded", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00061-00040215-00040866": "that they give you almost the same results. So why bother choosing because it doesn't really matter.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00062-00040866-00041412": "Well that can be challenged by stating that if the composite reliability and", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00063-00041412-00042018": "Cronbach's alpha provide different values, that is evidence against the assumptions of", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00064-00042018-00042672": "alpha. And because composite reliability is more general, then in that kind of scenario,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00065-00042672-00043251": "alpha probably wouldn't be reported. So it's possible that these results of Peterson's are", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00066-00043251-00043728": "just a selection effect. You are better off using composite reliability because", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00067-00043728-00044307": "under the alphas assumption, it produces the same result. If alphas assumptions don't hold,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00068-00044307-00044844": "then composite reliability can still be applied and it provides you less biased estimates.", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00069-00044844-00045543": "One key weakness in composite reliability and alpha is that they both rely on uni-dimensionality", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00070-00045612-00046071": "assumptions. If your scale has multiple dimensions - for example there are cross", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00071-00046071-00046467": "loadings or you cannot justify the unit-dimensionality assumption for", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00072-00046467-00047133": "some other reason - then there are other indices that are better than composite reliability. Also,", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00073-00047133-00047520": "the fact that you calculate composite reliability doesn't provide you any", "4F6DOJZgv_U-00074-00047520-00048027": "evidence of dimensionality. That you have to check from your factor analysis."}}, {"audio_id": "4FsPjFeeD30", "text": {"4FsPjFeeD30-00000-00000747-00001187": "There have been a number of bark beetles plaguing Wyoming’s forests in recent years.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00001-00001187-00001609": "Receiving the most press is the Mountain Pine Beetle, but others include the Douglas Fir", "4FsPjFeeD30-00002-00001609-00001755": "and Spruce Beetle.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00003-00001755-00002271": "You don’t have to drive far to see entire landscapes of red and brown, dead and dying", "4FsPjFeeD30-00004-00002271-00002377": "trees.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00005-00002377-00002919": "The recent Pine Beetle epidemic has been generated by the combined factors of aging forests,", "4FsPjFeeD30-00006-00002919-00003442": "warmer winters, and an extended drought resulting in weak trees that make an ideal habitat for", "4FsPjFeeD30-00007-00003442-00003609": "bark beetles.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00008-00003609-00004078": "Beetles drill into the bark, lay eggs, and hatch larvae that eat away at the living growth", "4FsPjFeeD30-00009-00004078-00004246": "layer of a tree.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00010-00004246-00004718": "The Mountain Pine Beetle is unique in that it actually injects a fungus into pine trees", "4FsPjFeeD30-00011-00004718-00005026": "thus stopping the tree’s flow of nutrients.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00012-00005026-00005513": "Although the beetle epidemic is impossible to completely control, land managers are taking", "4FsPjFeeD30-00013-00005513-00005720": "steps to lessen the impacts.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00014-00005720-00006280": "High value trees can be protected by chemicals and biological controls or by removing recently", "4FsPjFeeD30-00015-00006280-00006448": "infested trees.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00016-00006448-00006953": "Foresters can deter bark beetles by thinning out dense stands, promoting diversity of tree", "4FsPjFeeD30-00017-00006953-00007452": "species and age classes, and by removing newly infested areas.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00018-00007452-00007737": "Bark beetles are a natural cyclic forest process.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00019-00007737-00008261": "Once the mature beetles run out of trees to infest or the beetle larvae die off in an", "4FsPjFeeD30-00020-00008261-00008772": "unusually cold Wyoming winter the forest will begin to rejuvenate and come back to a healthy", "4FsPjFeeD30-00021-00008772-00008872": "state.", "4FsPjFeeD30-00022-00008872-00009299": "From the University of Wyoming Extension I’m Mae Smith Exploring the Nature of Wyoming."}}, {"audio_id": "4G8IB0R88gY", "text": {"4G8IB0R88gY-00000-00001088-00001839": "good morning everybody jr fisher here it is wednesday the 19th of may 2021", "4G8IB0R88gY-00001-00001896-00002320": "man the month or the month the year is going by fast the month's going by pretty fast too", "4G8IB0R88gY-00002-00002320-00003000": "but the year is just flying by uh wow good to see everybody here today if you're new don't forget to", "4G8IB0R88gY-00003-00003000-00003368": "subscribe hit that subscribe button and ring the bell turn all bell notifications so you're", "4G8IB0R88gY-00004-00003368-00003792": "notified each and every time i go live i want to welcome everybody in here let you know you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00005-00003792-00004440": "can use that chat box there james is already hit it up in there uh i've got 75 james and cloudy", "4G8IB0R88gY-00006-00004440-00004968": "so we're not too far off not too far off but i bet you're gonna get some humidity we don't", "4G8IB0R88gY-00007-00004968-00005544": "get much humidity here in uh san diego but i will in austin texas i know that for sure", "4G8IB0R88gY-00008-00005712-00006408": "okay everybody today i'm going to talk about some unknown secrets to actually create uni unique blog", "4G8IB0R88gY-00009-00006408-00006792": "ideas i know you guys are trying to come up with ideas out there you're always trying to come up", "4G8IB0R88gY-00010-00006792-00007320": "with something it can be very challenging to do i know i have to come up with something every", "4G8IB0R88gY-00011-00007320-00007904": "single day every day for you guys i owe that to you you've supported me uh you've helped", "4G8IB0R88gY-00012-00007904-00008336": "this channel as a matter of fact i'm down in case you want to know where we're at i'm trying to hit", "4G8IB0R88gY-00013-00008336-00009128": "that 5 000 subscriber mark and i'm only 37 people away only 37 people so i'm extremely close to that", "4G8IB0R88gY-00014-00009128-00009776": "i can't wait to get there um and you know i'm sure there'll be another goal after that uh but i'm 37", "4G8IB0R88gY-00015-00009776-00010288": "people away from that uh and uh the only way i'm gonna get there is by giving you guys good content", "4G8IB0R88gY-00016-00010288-00010704": "helping you out helping you start running grow your online business thank you so much", "4G8IB0R88gY-00017-00010704-00011328": "james let me know that uh you can hear me there guys do me a favor too smash that like button", "4G8IB0R88gY-00018-00011328-00011768": "give me a thumbs up if you don't mind that would really help the youtube algorithm", "4G8IB0R88gY-00019-00011768-00012224": "the only thing i do on this channel really is help you start running grow online businesses", "4G8IB0R88gY-00020-00012224-00012816": "that's it nothing else nothing else all right not here to sell you anything or market anything", "4G8IB0R88gY-00021-00012816-00013472": "i'm here to actually help you now i'm going to be talking about ideas that you can you know use", "4G8IB0R88gY-00022-00013560-00013919": "to come up with blog ideas okay so i'm going to give you ideas for ideas", "4G8IB0R88gY-00023-00014016-00014600": "but if you have a question anything about making money online this is the forum for", "4G8IB0R88gY-00024-00014600-00015072": "it this is the this is the place you want to be uh because that's all i'm going to talk about um", "4G8IB0R88gY-00025-00015072-00015640": "that's all i'm going to cover is in here how to make money online and that's it all right", "4G8IB0R88gY-00026-00015640-00016296": "here so let me let me get into this stuff here uh and i know it is very challenging it's it's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00027-00016296-00016888": "very difficult to come up with new ideas every day i mean it's hard to do but we gotta do it", "4G8IB0R88gY-00028-00016968-00017448": "now um you may have a lot of slots on your calendar to fill okay to where you got to", "4G8IB0R88gY-00029-00017448-00018072": "come up with these ideas uh and if you don't feel inspired and it's boring it's really tough to do", "4G8IB0R88gY-00030-00018072-00018448": "and but the bad thing is you're going to bore your readers too you don't want to do that and these", "4G8IB0R88gY-00031-00018448-00019152": "these can be true also for videos not necessarily just blogs but it can also be vlogs so it can be", "4G8IB0R88gY-00032-00019152-00019752": "both of them uh canadian entrepreneur thumbs up thank you so much my friend i really appreciate it", "4G8IB0R88gY-00033-00019752-00020272": "uh people are streaming in them everybody's waking up everybody's rolling over at bendall right", "4G8IB0R88gY-00034-00020272-00020688": "everybody's waking up uh i got a message today from my builder", "4G8IB0R88gY-00035-00020688-00021224": "in uh texas my house is coming along it's a matter of weeks away which is really cool to me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00036-00021384-00021760": "so i'm really excited about that so the first thing i'm going to tell you guys", "4G8IB0R88gY-00037-00021840-00022512": "is to stop working stop working stop it stop working and start thinking", "4G8IB0R88gY-00038-00022512-00023112": "okay i don't know about you but i spend a lot of my day sitting at my computer okay um when i'm not", "4G8IB0R88gY-00039-00023112-00023616": "in a meeting or working on you know some type of video or something like that i'm responding", "4G8IB0R88gY-00040-00023616-00024112": "to you know different emails and stuff i got to do and looking at analog analytics and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00041-00024112-00024568": "you know sending emails and you know digging into keyword research doing all these different things", "4G8IB0R88gY-00042-00024672-00025368": "but i'm not stopping and thinking okay i need to stop and think okay so i literally have to", "4G8IB0R88gY-00043-00025368-00025904": "tell myself stop everything you're doing and think about stuff there you have to actually", "4G8IB0R88gY-00044-00025904-00026368": "sit down to be creative a lot of people think well being creative is when something inspires", "4G8IB0R88gY-00045-00026368-00026848": "you and something comes over you and you just get creative that's not the truth the truth is you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00046-00026848-00027352": "have to sit down and try to be creative a lot of people say well i'm just not a creative person i'm", "4G8IB0R88gY-00047-00027352-00027776": "going to say well then you haven't tried because everybody's creative in their own way okay some", "4G8IB0R88gY-00048-00027776-00028183": "people have it a little bit easier for them but we can all do it we can all come up with stuff", "4G8IB0R88gY-00049-00028280-00028616": "and you can do this with your employees you can kind of brainstorm", "4G8IB0R88gY-00050-00028736-00029368": "any thoughts on products uh for ideas yes i do i have one at the end of this poll i'm gonna", "4G8IB0R88gY-00051-00029368-00029872": "tell you about this product and it's going to help you get ideas which is pretty cool um but you know", "4G8IB0R88gY-00052-00029872-00030288": "do some brainstorming with other people you know collaborate it can be with people in your office", "4G8IB0R88gY-00053-00030288-00031039": "it can be with people online i can be with people you do business with um so set aside some time", "4G8IB0R88gY-00054-00031039-00031488": "for these regular marketing meetings it's so very important to do that and that's the first thing", "4G8IB0R88gY-00055-00031488-00032183": "i would tell you to do um the next thing i would tell you to do is dig into social dig into social", "4G8IB0R88gY-00056-00032183-00032720": "there is a lot of stuff going on into social now i think a lot of times we go into social because", "4G8IB0R88gY-00057-00032720-00033144": "we want to be entertained you know we want to read the funniest thing or watch a silly", "4G8IB0R88gY-00058-00033144-00033576": "video or something like that but what i want you to do on social is use it for", "4G8IB0R88gY-00059-00033576-00034232": "data mining really go in there and look at what other people are doing look at what they're saying", "4G8IB0R88gY-00060-00034360-00034768": "look what look what's on their mind what are they talking about look at you know pinterest and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00061-00034768-00035376": "quora and tick-tock and all these things twitter facebook linkedin there's so many platforms now", "4G8IB0R88gY-00062-00035376-00035656": "you know when somebody says i can't come up with any ideas i'm like well you haven't", "4G8IB0R88gY-00063-00035656-00036144": "looked very far because there's a lot of ideas out there and you can take what somebody else", "4G8IB0R88gY-00064-00036144-00036592": "is doing and make it better you can make it different you can put your own twist on it", "4G8IB0R88gY-00065-00036592-00037080": "you don't have to be the originator of every single idea in the world i think that's impossible", "4G8IB0R88gY-00066-00037080-00037528": "matter of fact i don't really think there are any new ideas i think it's just people changing", "4G8IB0R88gY-00067-00037528-00038120": "up what's already out there they're improving on what's already out there so digging into social", "4G8IB0R88gY-00068-00038120-00038800": "uh you know platforms i think is extremely helpful uh let's see here i think you need a second lunch", "4G8IB0R88gY-00069-00038800-00039472": "outing to clear your mind yes sometimes right second second lunch outing wouldn't be bad though", "4G8IB0R88gY-00070-00039472-00039968": "i don't need the extra calories i can tell you that um you know i'm i'm in i'm about six feet", "4G8IB0R88gY-00071-00039968-00040496": "tall i'm about two eleven to twelve right now uh which is too heavy uh but i work out every", "4G8IB0R88gY-00072-00040496-00040888": "day and i'm working on it every single day and it's an ongoing process and sometimes i slip and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00073-00040888-00041464": "sometimes i fall i talked to a friend of mine from high school uh yesterday good friend of mine very", "4G8IB0R88gY-00074-00041464-00042200": "successful uh guy he's six foot four but he's 285 he's put on a lot of weight and he's worried about", "4G8IB0R88gY-00075-00042200-00042592": "it because it keeps going up that's something we got to work on right so that lunch there the", "4G8IB0R88gY-00076-00042592-00043344": "second lunch may not be what i need uh paul uh may you might check out uh california newport and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00077-00043440-00044152": "deep work uh california new newport and deeper not quite sure what that is james if you could expound", "4G8IB0R88gY-00078-00044152-00044720": "on that a little bit in the chat section i'd like to hear about that i know you have good ideas", "4G8IB0R88gY-00079-00044720-00045328": "so i do want to hear it um so you know finding a take on something that's already out there uh", "4G8IB0R88gY-00080-00045328-00045736": "is a good place to start okay you know you can you can look at something that somebody else has", "4G8IB0R88gY-00081-00045736-00046200": "done and you could do a blog post or a video when if you agree or if you disagree with one of the", "4G8IB0R88gY-00082-00046200-00046720": "experts that's out there you can also get their name and your your blog title by doing that so", "4G8IB0R88gY-00083-00046720-00047376": "that's very helpful uh do something like that so that's the first two the next one i think is super", "4G8IB0R88gY-00084-00047376-00047880": "important and i'm doing it right now and i don't know if you can notice me doing it but that's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00085-00047880-00048416": "listen to your audience listen to your audience um i try to do that every day i try to listen to", "4G8IB0R88gY-00086-00048416-00048920": "you guys every day i get really good ideas from you guys i get really good comments from you guys", "4G8IB0R88gY-00087-00049000-00049528": "and finding that audience out there on social is really important but don't try", "4G8IB0R88gY-00088-00049528-00049952": "to go out and find your audience put out good content and they'll find you if it's any good", "4G8IB0R88gY-00089-00049952-00050408": "that's how that works you know that's how i got almost 5 000 subscribers on this channel", "4G8IB0R88gY-00090-00050408-00050848": "is by just putting out content and people said hey yeah i want to listen to that i'll listen to that", "4G8IB0R88gY-00091-00050944-00051328": "um you can see where you're getting stuck on your post too if you listen to it", "4G8IB0R88gY-00092-00051328-00051791": "what information they're volunteering about your strategies and what you're doing", "4G8IB0R88gY-00093-00051791-00052344": "um you know in fact sometimes you can even get requests for more information that can turn into", "4G8IB0R88gY-00094-00052344-00052840": "an entirely new blog post that you've already done something on uh so you can look at that uh", "4G8IB0R88gY-00095-00052840-00053336": "and you know i'm reading one of the comments here i've got it on my screen it says here", "4G8IB0R88gY-00096-00053336-00054096": "i'd like to see the same article done from photos uh of the not so famous uh how that's like", "4G8IB0R88gY-00097-00054096-00054704": "uh ohmmeter thing uh is going for them um so they were talking about this thing called ohmeter uh", "4G8IB0R88gY-00098-00054704-00055264": "and the guy responded he says good idea sean at any rate we still think celebrity uh captions", "4G8IB0R88gY-00099-00055264-00055696": "serve as good models so he's kind of disagreeing with his audience i don't know if i would have", "4G8IB0R88gY-00100-00055696-00056184": "said that i would have said hey that's great um you know we'll get some regular people in there", "4G8IB0R88gY-00101-00056288-00056688": "but you know having a post like that's really important your audience is giving you feedback", "4G8IB0R88gY-00102-00056688-00057279": "and never ever ever ever ignore these things okay uh you don't have to agree with what every", "4G8IB0R88gY-00103-00057279-00057767": "comment goes i don't agree with every comment i get from you guys but i respect every comment", "4G8IB0R88gY-00104-00057767-00058408": "i get from you i step back and i think okay um is there is there some validity to this is this", "4G8IB0R88gY-00105-00058408-00058808": "something i should listen to uh and in most cases yeah the answer is yeah", "4G8IB0R88gY-00106-00058808-00059184": "uh most cases you guys come up with really good stuff and you're very helpful to me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00107-00059184-00059736": "and man i appreciate that because i i can't come up with everything right all i can do is share", "4G8IB0R88gY-00108-00059736-00060552": "with you what i'm doing what works what doesn't work that type of thing ah it's more of that it's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00109-00060552-00061279": "good tea yeah i'm really fancy on my tea in case you don't realize it i use this tea called lipton", "4G8IB0R88gY-00110-00061367-00061960": "that's it just lipton tea uh and i think a whole box of those things out of the whole box is ten", "4G8IB0R88gY-00111-00061960-00062479": "dollars you get 100 bags or something like that um well worth the deal let's see what do you guys", "4G8IB0R88gY-00112-00062479-00063079": "got to say paul's got something to say i bought a bunch of desk calendars that were based on books", "4G8IB0R88gY-00113-00063079-00063848": "and found great ideas for three dollars a copy that's pretty cool idea do you track and have a", "4G8IB0R88gY-00114-00063848-00064528": "feel for past post that allow you to do more like that yes what i do paul is i will go in", "4G8IB0R88gY-00115-00064528-00065304": "regularly into my youtube channel and i will sort by the most viewed uh and it's interesting it's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00116-00065304-00065768": "interesting what people are interested in a lot of times i'll do a video and i'm like yeah this", "4G8IB0R88gY-00117-00065768-00066208": "is so so and that's one of my most popular ones i think one of my most popular ones", "4G8IB0R88gY-00118-00066208-00066696": "right now and it has been running this way for months is how to make money from your laptop uh i", "4G8IB0R88gY-00119-00066696-00067032": "don't know what it is about that title and that's not the exact title but something along those", "4G8IB0R88gY-00120-00067096-00067640": "lines so i do i do a lot of videos on how to make money from my laptop my laptop has made me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00121-00067640-00067976": "millions of dollars you think about that people say oh those things are expensive there's apple", "4G8IB0R88gY-00122-00067976-00068440": "ones yeah i mean it was i don't know three or four thousand dollars but it's made me millions", "4G8IB0R88gY-00123-00068440-00069168": "is it worth it i mean i think it is i think it's well worth it um when you um pull out your laptop", "4G8IB0R88gY-00124-00069168-00069704": "and you can sit at any cafe in america or anywhere in the world like i said on a cruise ship and type", "4G8IB0R88gY-00125-00069704-00070296": "like this which i don't type like this i type like this but when i'm typing into making money i mean", "4G8IB0R88gY-00126-00070296-00070840": "gosh knows it's pretty cool so i get that people are interested in going hey i've got a laptop", "4G8IB0R88gY-00127-00070840-00071424": "maybe i can make some money anybody can uh thanks for the youtube tip yep paul uh yeah i do that on", "4G8IB0R88gY-00128-00071424-00071904": "a frequent basis as a matter of fact because that changes a lot um you know what they're interested", "4G8IB0R88gY-00129-00071904-00072400": "in and it's weird how you you know like i just said i'll sort by my most viewed video", "4G8IB0R88gY-00130-00072400-00072968": "i'm giving myself ideas or my audiences i guess my audience is because i did a video and they liked", "4G8IB0R88gY-00131-00072968-00073560": "it and they started watching it so they gave me more ideas um the next thing number four is check", "4G8IB0R88gY-00132-00073560-00074232": "out your personas okay check out your personas who are your personas out there personas are a", "4G8IB0R88gY-00133-00074232-00074776": "really cool marketing tool that will help you keep your ideal audience in mind while you're working", "4G8IB0R88gY-00134-00074776-00075288": "on your marketing campaigns materials so some of the things here i made some notes think about the", "4G8IB0R88gY-00135-00075288-00075872": "age of your audience what gender is your audience mind is mostly male but i have a decent amount of", "4G8IB0R88gY-00136-00075872-00076528": "female it's about 80 20. uh the age of my audience is 18 to 24. the majority of my audience is 18 to", "4G8IB0R88gY-00137-00076528-00077112": "24. then it spreads out to 35 but that's it that's where it cuts off now i know some of you guys", "4G8IB0R88gY-00138-00077112-00077784": "listening here we're well over that age however that's what my overall audience is okay maybe you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00139-00077784-00078176": "guys are just young thinkers and i think that's true paul i think that's true james a lot of", "4G8IB0R88gY-00140-00078176-00078840": "people are regulars in here uh eric and also jenny you you guys are kind of young thinkers uh but you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00141-00078840-00079272": "know think about their location you know what is their income what's their education do they have", "4G8IB0R88gY-00142-00079272-00079744": "kids are they married you know what are these things about them you know if they have a job", "4G8IB0R88gY-00143-00079744-00080280": "what kind of job do they have what is their career path you know what industry are they focusing on", "4G8IB0R88gY-00144-00080336-00081040": "um social skills you know what do they have there um what's their typical day like you know what", "4G8IB0R88gY-00145-00081040-00081568": "what hours are they available uh what tools do they use what tools would they need to use for me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00146-00081736-00082064": "uh some other things look at their values and fears", "4G8IB0R88gY-00147-00082176-00082832": "i think that's really important what do they value in their personal or professional life i know my", "4G8IB0R88gY-00148-00082832-00083560": "audience values really good actionable here's the thing actionable information you guys don't", "4G8IB0R88gY-00149-00083560-00083920": "you don't want me to tell you hey i know a great way of doing seo if you buy this course", "4G8IB0R88gY-00150-00083920-00084248": "you'll see how to do it i'm just going to give it to you i'm just going to give it to you if you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00151-00084248-00084640": "want to get more information you can always buy a course for me but i'm not going to tease you with", "4G8IB0R88gY-00152-00084640-00085232": "information i hate when people do that what's important to them when they're considering a", "4G8IB0R88gY-00153-00085232-00085752": "product or a service what what really counts to them is it time uh is it how quickly it works", "4G8IB0R88gY-00154-00085752-00086216": "what is it uh what objections do they have what problems do they have what drives their", "4G8IB0R88gY-00155-00086216-00086704": "decision-making process um and they're all going to have goals and challenges too right", "4G8IB0R88gY-00156-00086704-00087104": "uh what are some of those goals what's the potential uh career goal if they're", "4G8IB0R88gY-00157-00087104-00087608": "in a job but most of my people aren't most of my people actually make money online um how do they", "4G8IB0R88gY-00158-00087608-00088120": "prioritize these goals what how are they setting them up uh what challenges impact these things", "4G8IB0R88gY-00159-00088248-00088712": "how could you help them achieve some of these goals okay how could you do that you know if", "4G8IB0R88gY-00160-00088712-00089160": "their goal is to make ten thousand dollars a month what could you do to contribute to that and that's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00161-00089160-00089744": "that's what my goals are that's what i do uh what questions do they ask when they're seeking uh", "4G8IB0R88gY-00162-00089744-00090472": "solutions to problems um and then you get back into let's see do you do same for emails and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00163-00090472-00091304": "see which get more open i do but i don't do it as much paul uh and the reason i don't i think is i", "4G8IB0R88gY-00164-00091304-00091768": "you know this sounds cocky but i think i've got a grasp on what makes people open emails", "4G8IB0R88gY-00165-00091768-00092408": "and what makes people click um though the the uh the last promotion i did uh i had a big image in", "4G8IB0R88gY-00166-00092408-00092808": "there of me sitting at a desk and i had some canned foods and i had a book and all that and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00167-00092808-00093424": "i was curious if that helped or hurt so i took the image out in one of my campaigns and lo and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00168-00093424-00093896": "behold it did better without the image and i think maybe the image gave them too much information", "4G8IB0R88gY-00169-00093960-00094344": "by saying i had a video and they could click here it made them go watch the video", "4G8IB0R88gY-00170-00094344-00094864": "so i think that helped a whole lot also negative information what's the negative information", "4G8IB0R88gY-00171-00095032-00095592": "are there customers you know you don't want you know i know there's customers i don't want", "4G8IB0R88gY-00172-00095592-00096160": "um are they too difficult i had one the other day that was just too difficult she was a pain in the", "4G8IB0R88gY-00173-00096160-00096592": "butt she had spent a thousand dollars with us and i gave her money back and i said i don't", "4G8IB0R88gY-00174-00096592-00097064": "want you as a customer you know do you have the nerve to do that are you strong enough to do that", "4G8IB0R88gY-00175-00097152-00097784": "is it too expensive to acquire some of these customers um not enough budget to do it you know", "4G8IB0R88gY-00176-00097904-00098304": "or is it the wrong industry that you're focusing on so you got to look at all these things and i", "4G8IB0R88gY-00177-00098304-00098712": "could go on and on and on about those but bottom line you've got to really focus in", "4G8IB0R88gY-00178-00098712-00099264": "on these personas these people who are watching and listening to you i think it's super important", "4G8IB0R88gY-00179-00099344-00099872": "and i think that was number four yeah i got number five up here now this is a pretty", "4G8IB0R88gY-00180-00099872-00100456": "interesting one and i've learned a lot on this one and that is check out your competitors check out", "4G8IB0R88gY-00181-00100456-00101144": "your competitors that's number five innovation doesn't always require a blank slate okay you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00182-00101144-00101616": "don't always have to start with nothing and come up with everything you know you can often find", "4G8IB0R88gY-00183-00101616-00102168": "unique ideas by looking into what's already been done well look at what some of your competitors", "4G8IB0R88gY-00184-00102168-00102808": "have done that's why focusing on your competitors posts and videos can really be a really helpful", "4G8IB0R88gY-00185-00102808-00103280": "source for new ideas for your content don't be afraid to look at that that's not copying", "4G8IB0R88gY-00186-00103280-00103920": "you know and it's funny i watched a video last night as a food blogger and they were at oscar's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00187-00103920-00104448": "steakhouse in las vegas they had posted the video about three hours prior to me watching it", "4G8IB0R88gY-00188-00104568-00104992": "and after i watched it it had other videos you may want to watch", "4G8IB0R88gY-00189-00105064-00105880": "and it had four other videos of people who were food bloggers who had just uh uh done a", "4G8IB0R88gY-00190-00105880-00106496": "review of oscar's steakhouse in las vegas within the past eight hours so there were five people", "4G8IB0R88gY-00191-00106496-00107000": "that did oscar steakhouse in las vegas within an eight-hour period they were all different", "4G8IB0R88gY-00192-00107000-00107464": "people they weren't associated with each other so i think maybe some of them are looking at", "4G8IB0R88gY-00193-00107464-00108000": "their competition or they wouldn't be there this is too coincidental right it's okay if", "4G8IB0R88gY-00194-00108000-00108440": "you're doing something similar to somebody else maybe you're doing it better maybe you're doing", "4G8IB0R88gY-00195-00108440-00108800": "pretty much the similar thing but you have a different personality you have a different twist", "4G8IB0R88gY-00196-00108800-00109328": "you have a different take on it okay so it's okay to look at your competitors you can use", "4G8IB0R88gY-00197-00109328-00109920": "ahrefs content gaap tool which is a good one it identifies your competitors top ranking keywords", "4G8IB0R88gY-00198-00110016-00110480": "you can do that and maybe those keywords will work for you you know if it's already working for them", "4G8IB0R88gY-00199-00110480-00111032": "of course maybe it's going to work for you you know if you don't have a keyword research tool", "4G8IB0R88gY-00200-00111032-00111520": "that's not a problem you could do this manually too just with less precision it's not going to be", "4G8IB0R88gY-00201-00111520-00111992": "as accurate but take a look at your competitors blog and see what they're posting about", "4G8IB0R88gY-00202-00112048-00112576": "see what videos they're doing on youtube and then think about how you can build on that and make", "4G8IB0R88gY-00203-00112576-00113111": "that that content more creative better you can give more to the audience okay uh and now we're", "4G8IB0R88gY-00204-00113111-00113616": "down i guess i need to do a drum roll i can't do a drum roll this test because it shakes the computer", "4G8IB0R88gY-00205-00113616-00114200": "hang on one second uh okay just reading through some comments there make sure i got everybody", "4G8IB0R88gY-00206-00114456-00115008": "number six are you ready for number six uh this is all for you paul i think it was you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00207-00115008-00115920": "that asked about tools get a tool called blog post idea generator blog post idea", "4G8IB0R88gY-00208-00115920-00116328": "generator okay and you can google that i'm not an affiliate or anything i'm not trying to make any", "4G8IB0R88gY-00209-00116328-00116800": "money off it but sometimes you get to run okay and you can't do any more digging into comments", "4G8IB0R88gY-00210-00116800-00117272": "and your social threads are drying up and you're thinking out loud and it's not working", "4G8IB0R88gY-00211-00117272-00117872": "that doesn't mean you're at a loss you just need to use a tool sometimes and that's exactly why a", "4G8IB0R88gY-00212-00117872-00118376": "blog topic generator exists and these do exist and i'm sure there's a bunch more out there", "4G8IB0R88gY-00213-00118432-00119016": "um but this is a really good one it's called blog let me put it in here blog", "4G8IB0R88gY-00214-00119735-00120320": "and i'm going to say where is it where is it where is it there it is google it", "4G8IB0R88gY-00215-00120456-00121272": "google it okay uh and that will really help you out i think uh it's it's put out by hubspot", "4G8IB0R88gY-00216-00121272-00121640": "uh and it's just it's an awesome place to get started get you going", "4G8IB0R88gY-00217-00121640-00122472": "uh it'll let you input up to five nouns okay and then it gives you five blog post ideas or more", "4G8IB0R88gY-00218-00122472-00123000": "uh if you enter your email address so it's really that simple that's all you gotta do", "4G8IB0R88gY-00219-00123248-00123808": "and it's a tool that will get you these ideas without you having to rack your brain", "4G8IB0R88gY-00220-00123808-00124472": "uh paul says i'm currently reviewing about 10 people to see similarities i found it interesting", "4G8IB0R88gY-00221-00124552-00125040": "how so many people are using the same tactics and strategies i'm blown away", "4G8IB0R88gY-00222-00125040-00125744": "by how everyday people become successful yeah and do that all with a grain of salt", "4G8IB0R88gY-00223-00125872-00126640": "what i have seen and i've gotten sucked into it myself is i will see a bunch of people doing the", "4G8IB0R88gY-00224-00126640-00127344": "same thing now there's a couple ways to look at that um and i also check the results of it", "4G8IB0R88gY-00225-00127440-00128152": "is it that it is so popular that everybody wants to do you know something on that idea", "4G8IB0R88gY-00226-00128152-00128576": "or is it they're all just copying each other and they're not even getting any results", "4G8IB0R88gY-00227-00128576-00129016": "and i don't know and i'm you know and sometimes it can be one or the other it can be one or the other", "4G8IB0R88gY-00228-00129016-00129656": "just be very careful when you do that because sometimes sometimes it's just that everybody's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00229-00129656-00130159": "copying each other and they're not getting a good result so if i were to do that with videos", "4G8IB0R88gY-00230-00130159-00130680": "uh and i well let's take oscar steakhouse and you can you can look on youtube for this later on but", "4G8IB0R88gY-00231-00130680-00131240": "how many views are the videos getting for oscar steakhouse and you've got to temper this with", "4G8IB0R88gY-00232-00131240-00131712": "their audience you know if they've got an audience of 3 000 people on youtube they're going to get a", "4G8IB0R88gY-00233-00131712-00132312": "whole lot less views on their video than somebody with 300 000 you know subscribers on youtube so", "4G8IB0R88gY-00234-00132432-00133048": "look at that and kind of temper that stuff uh paul says thanks for the tip no problem buddy um so", "4G8IB0R88gY-00235-00133048-00133568": "that's what you got to do uh now if you go through and then you gotta admit it guys put it put it in", "4G8IB0R88gY-00236-00133568-00134128": "the chat if you admit it if you did all six of these you would be able to come up with ideas", "4G8IB0R88gY-00237-00134128-00134728": "right am i right if i'm right put that in the chat box there okay now some of you aren't listening", "4G8IB0R88gY-00238-00134728-00135384": "live i get that you can't always be live but you can put something in the comments section", "4G8IB0R88gY-00239-00135384-00136064": "which is below the video i am literally 37 people away from where i need to be at that 5000 mark", "4G8IB0R88gY-00240-00136064-00136424": "i'd love to hit it today wouldn't that be great if i came back tomorrow", "4G8IB0R88gY-00241-00136424-00136824": "and i had 37 more subscribers that would be awesome but i only want real subscribers i", "4G8IB0R88gY-00242-00136824-00137136": "don't want fake ones i don't want people who are going to subscribe and never come back and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00243-00137136-00137792": "watch a video i want people who want this content okay so i need 37 more uh what is that i've got 4", "4G8IB0R88gY-00244-00137992-00138928": "600 4963 is that right i think that's right from 37 from 5 000 from doing math live you should", "4G8IB0R88gY-00245-00138928-00139400": "never do math live don't ever do that don't ever do math live right you're always gonna", "4G8IB0R88gY-00246-00139400-00139936": "you're always gonna look dumb if you're doing math live okay who's tried to do that stuff uh", "4G8IB0R88gY-00247-00139936-00140528": "but i think it is interesting what paul said is that um very ordinary people become successful", "4G8IB0R88gY-00248-00140528-00141120": "and ah there's a little itchy here little hay fever what is ordinary and what is successful", "4G8IB0R88gY-00249-00141224-00141888": "um and i think everybody starts out ordinary right unless you're born into royalty i think we all pop", "4G8IB0R88gY-00250-00141888-00142376": "out ordinary uh and what is ordinary ordinary means you just really haven't tried a lot of", "4G8IB0R88gY-00251-00142376-00142944": "things yet that's all ordinary is ordinary is not who you are it's just where you are you understand", "4G8IB0R88gY-00252-00142944-00143512": "that ordinary is not who you are it's just where you are and you can change that at any point", "4G8IB0R88gY-00253-00143568-00144144": "i think it's interesting um how ordinary people are i watch dame drops which is a great channel", "4G8IB0R88gY-00254-00144144-00144856": "check it out if you want he does food reviews but he was a guy 15 years ago who decided to turn on", "4G8IB0R88gY-00255-00144856-00145384": "his camera and sit in a parking lot and eat fast food and give his critique of it who would have", "4G8IB0R88gY-00256-00145384-00146000": "thought of that who would have thought of doing fast food critiques uh and he has grown immensely", "4G8IB0R88gY-00257-00146000-00146512": "immensely he's worked so hard he's a really great guy he had his mom in a video a day ago and i", "4G8IB0R88gY-00258-00146512-00146960": "thought that was awesome she was really sweet lady so i can kind of see where he's coming from but", "4G8IB0R88gY-00259-00147080-00147632": "he then got into tv commercials he got into popeye's tv commercials he got into burger", "4G8IB0R88gY-00260-00147632-00148144": "king tv commercials he opened a restaurant in connecticut he opened another uh food stand", "4G8IB0R88gY-00261-00148144-00148808": "at the stadium there and now and now they gave him a netflix show he was an ordinary guy but", "4G8IB0R88gY-00262-00148808-00149296": "he worked hard he put an effort of course he's got merchandise he's got hats and t-shirts and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00263-00149296-00149856": "all this kind of stuff but he was just an ordinary guy who put in an extraordinary amount of effort", "4G8IB0R88gY-00264-00149856-00150336": "so if you're ordinary now it's only because you haven't put forth the effort ordinary is where you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00265-00150336-00150904": "are not who you are okay ordinary is where you are not who you are put forth the effort maybe", "4G8IB0R88gY-00266-00150904-00151256": "i'll put that on facebook i think that sounded good enough to me to sound good enough to you put", "4G8IB0R88gY-00267-00151256-00152048": "that on facebook uh let's see who do we got 224 narrand rand d affiliate marketing how to work", "4G8IB0R88gY-00268-00152048-00152544": "affiliate marketing is awesome i do a lot of affiliate marketing and in mostly my affiliate", "4G8IB0R88gY-00269-00152544-00153096": "marketing is done by people selling my products i have a lot of my income by people posting my", "4G8IB0R88gY-00270-00153096-00153504": "products and i get a sale and then they get a commission i do it through share a sale", "4G8IB0R88gY-00271-00153504-00153816": "um so if you're interested in that i am on share sale you can check that out", "4G8IB0R88gY-00272-00153816-00154352": "i also do clickbank i have products on clickbank i don't promote other people's products quite as", "4G8IB0R88gY-00273-00154352-00154800": "much i mean not like in amazon if you look in the description there i have some links for amazon", "4G8IB0R88gY-00274-00154800-00155216": "for different products that i use like these lights that are all around me which you cannot see", "4G8IB0R88gY-00275-00155344-00156040": "but i do that the one that came to mind is the single mom who has two kids who did an exercise", "4G8IB0R88gY-00276-00156040-00156664": "video and wet her pants loved her success yeah and yeah she did the uh product about how to", "4G8IB0R88gY-00277-00156664-00157104": "not wet your pants it was a bladder control one paul i think that's what you're talking about", "4G8IB0R88gY-00278-00157104-00157832": "uh success is the progressive realization of a worthy goal man you're well spoken", "4G8IB0R88gY-00279-00157832-00158408": "james i wish i could speak that well yeah uh he's saying uh yeah your success means", "4G8IB0R88gY-00280-00158408-00158936": "that you're working towards something that has some value but you're working there's the key", "4G8IB0R88gY-00281-00158936-00159440": "you're working so many people don't want to work i know we were editing one of my wife's videos last", "4G8IB0R88gY-00282-00159440-00159992": "night and she started editing and i said well i've got some ideas and my ideas turned into us", "4G8IB0R88gY-00283-00159992-00160544": "editing about four or five minutes of the video and it took two and a half hours and because i", "4G8IB0R88gY-00284-00160544-00160896": "just i had all these ideas i wouldn't put in there and i know she was looking at me going oh my god", "4G8IB0R88gY-00285-00160896-00161344": "we do do we have to do all this but the thing is that video is going to be really really good", "4G8IB0R88gY-00286-00161344-00161872": "and you can find that on her diy channel uh in the name of that video and it's not up yet but you do", "4G8IB0R88gY-00287-00161872-00162360": "want it you do want to check out this video it's pretty good uh and it is thread up it's a video", "4G8IB0R88gY-00288-00162360-00162984": "on thread up if you don't know anything about thredup t-h-r-e-d-u-p threat up um so look on", "4G8IB0R88gY-00289-00162984-00163368": "her channel for thredup and it's it's a fashion trial and thing but it's really it's kind of", "4G8IB0R88gY-00290-00163368-00163912": "funny some of the stuff we did in there uh i used to like how bobby at flake city did his channel", "4G8IB0R88gY-00291-00163912-00164656": "with affiliates and cookbooks uh yeah and he's changed his stuff a lot now i i saw today paul", "4G8IB0R88gY-00292-00164656-00165200": "he was actually doing one on taco bell and the ingredients and taco bell and i got to tell you i", "4G8IB0R88gY-00293-00165200-00165744": "kind of glazed over i'm like yeah okay taco bell's got some additives and unnatural stuffs no kidding", "4G8IB0R88gY-00294-00165808-00166344": "it was like uh you know he used to do more where he would go in stores and show you products like", "4G8IB0R88gY-00295-00166344-00166880": "a trader joe's or whatever the labels and what was in the foods and he's at taco bell doing a series", "4G8IB0R88gY-00296-00166880-00167472": "on taco bell and it's like we know when we go to taco bell the food probably isn't the best for us", "4G8IB0R88gY-00297-00167472-00167888": "but we don't want to watch you do taco bell i don't i didn't want to watch him be talkable", "4G8IB0R88gY-00298-00167888-00168328": "i turned it off wasn't interested so that's another thing you also got to look at what does", "4G8IB0R88gY-00299-00168328-00168904": "your audience want you know i tuned into him to find healthy foods to buy not for him to tell me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00300-00168904-00169360": "that unhealthy foods are unhealthy i know that i know that and i'm not picking on bobby right now", "4G8IB0R88gY-00301-00169360-00169880": "i'm just giving my input i'm not interested in knowing that unhealthy foods are unhealthy", "4G8IB0R88gY-00302-00169880-00170232": "i know that all right i get that i know they got a lot of calories i got a lot of salt a lot of", "4G8IB0R88gY-00303-00170232-00170768": "sugar a lot of preservatives i can read the labels too but he had some really good insights on other", "4G8IB0R88gY-00304-00170768-00171280": "stuff before and he had stuff that was helpful to me knowing that things are bad for you at a", "4G8IB0R88gY-00305-00171280-00171704": "fast forward food joint it's not helpful to me it doesn't help me it's like i already knew that okay", "4G8IB0R88gY-00306-00171704-00172344": "i don't need you to tell me that um so yeah that's my opinion on that uh and guys i really appreciate", "4G8IB0R88gY-00307-00172344-00172872": "you being here if you haven't subscribed please do so hit that subscribe button don't forget to ring", "4G8IB0R88gY-00308-00172872-00173392": "the bell turn all bell notifications so you're notified each and every time i go live and give me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00309-00173392-00174208": "a thumbs up guys 37 people away share this video with people you think would be interested i want", "4G8IB0R88gY-00310-00174208-00174744": "to show up tomorrow and go we hit it we hit 5000. that's what i want to do but if not guess what", "4G8IB0R88gY-00311-00174744-00175296": "i'll show up the next day and the next day and the next day and i'm off sunday but i'm not really off", "4G8IB0R88gY-00312-00175296-00175752": "sunday i'm off video on sunday this only day i don't do a video um but i'm still working i do", "4G8IB0R88gY-00313-00175752-00176544": "some work on sunday but the thing is guys i want you i want you okay to get something out of these", "4G8IB0R88gY-00314-00176544-00176984": "videos that's what's really important that's why i show up every day so if i hit my 37 more tomorrow", "4G8IB0R88gY-00315-00176984-00177448": "that's great if not i know i'll get it friday or i'll get it sunday or monday or next week or", "4G8IB0R88gY-00316-00177448-00178000": "next month i'll get it i'll get mine will you get yours okay do you have that attitude where you're", "4G8IB0R88gY-00317-00178000-00178616": "gonna get yours um i was watching dame drops this morning and he's terribly overweight uh you need", "4G8IB0R88gY-00318-00178616-00179152": "to go figure he does fast food reviews uh and he was going for a walk and he was telling people i'm", "4G8IB0R88gY-00319-00179152-00179592": "gonna try to go for a walk and i'm going to try to get in better shape and then he caught himself", "4G8IB0R88gY-00320-00179664-00180184": "then he says no i'm not going to try to do this i know i can do this i'm just going to do this", "4G8IB0R88gY-00321-00180240-00180624": "do you have that attitude do you have that i mean he caught himself and i catch myself every now", "4G8IB0R88gY-00322-00180624-00181056": "and then too i say i'm gonna try to do something trying is not anything saying you're gonna do it", "4G8IB0R88gY-00323-00181056-00181408": "definitely that's what you need to do and you need to put it out there in front of people he put it", "4G8IB0R88gY-00324-00181408-00181816": "out in front of people now if he doesn't show up for his walks he looks bad uh i listened to", "4G8IB0R88gY-00325-00181816-00182296": "quantron uh he has a cooking channel and he was getting out of shape go figure these guys are", "4G8IB0R88gY-00326-00182296-00182816": "cooking and eating and he's getting really heavy so he started another channel called chubby qt", "4G8IB0R88gY-00327-00182816-00183400": "chubby qt and he started exercising he hasn't done a video in a week but exercising that makes me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00328-00183400-00183920": "kind of think he is isn't exercising um when you put yourself out there you're putting yourself", "4G8IB0R88gY-00329-00183920-00184400": "out there to be judged i do it intentionally i do it intentionally because i want to be judged", "4G8IB0R88gY-00330-00184400-00184848": "i want people say okay did you make any money on that campaign did you do this did you do that um", "4G8IB0R88gY-00331-00184848-00185280": "when i talk about exercising it makes me exercise like i know i gotta go exercise today i just talk", "4G8IB0R88gY-00332-00185280-00185736": "to you guys about it i gotta go do my push-ups i am now and i've really been working on this guys", "4G8IB0R88gY-00333-00185736-00186312": "a year ago i was doing this thing where it was like 40 seconds push-ups 40 seconds push-ups 40", "4G8IB0R88gY-00334-00186312-00186872": "seconds push-up and i had a rest in between of like 30 seconds to a minute uh and i could do", "4G8IB0R88gY-00335-00186872-00187616": "probably 85-90 you know total between those three blocks of time um yesterday not yesterday", "4G8IB0R88gY-00336-00187616-00188088": "before yesterday because yesterday i did lower body but yesterday day before yesterday i did", "4G8IB0R88gY-00337-00188088-00188936": "130. so there's three blocks i think i did 44 43 and 43 uh and each time is only 40 seconds you got", "4G8IB0R88gY-00338-00188936-00189384": "to do it 40 seconds and they got to be good form you got to touch your your chest or your belly my", "4G8IB0R88gY-00339-00189384-00189888": "belly touches more than my chest uh to the ground and come back up clean all the way to the top and", "4G8IB0R88gY-00340-00189888-00190352": "i was able to get to 130. um that makes me feel good it makes me feel good that i can do that i", "4G8IB0R88gY-00341-00190352-00190912": "mean you know i'm 61. god that sounds old but i'm 61 and i can do that and i know a lot of people", "4G8IB0R88gY-00342-00190912-00191520": "who are 31 can't do that or 21 can't do that i like being able to do what a lot of people can't", "4G8IB0R88gY-00343-00191520-00191960": "do i like being able to make millions of dollars online a lot of people can't do that but the fact", "4G8IB0R88gY-00344-00191960-00192456": "is they can do it that's that's a wrong statement the fact is they choose not to do it they choose", "4G8IB0R88gY-00345-00192456-00192944": "not to go through the pain of getting there uh and i'm like if i feel pain i'm like this got to be", "4G8IB0R88gY-00346-00192944-00193504": "good for me because it hurts that's how i look at it when i'm editing for hours now i'm just so sick", "4G8IB0R88gY-00347-00193504-00194008": "of it i'm like this must be good for me because it's hard it's hard and i know if something's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00348-00194008-00194400": "hard it's good for me if i'm doing push-ups i'm sweating and i'm really working hard and i'm out", "4G8IB0R88gY-00349-00194400-00194944": "of breath i'm like this must be good for me that's how you have to look at it that's how we get ahead", "4G8IB0R88gY-00350-00194944-00195848": "uh let me see here um i come here for the no fluff no bs information and the engagement thank you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00351-00195848-00196376": "paul huge engagement in this tribe thank you so much uh peace and blessings everyone see you all", "4G8IB0R88gY-00352-00196376-00197440": "tomorrow uh off topic can you use kartra to do a funnel that leads to your shopify store 100 uh 100", "4G8IB0R88gY-00353-00197552-00197992": "now there's a couple ways to do this ball and you can do this in the wordpress site you can build", "4G8IB0R88gY-00354-00197992-00198648": "everything in cartridge and you can take the code from kartra and stick it in your wordpress site", "4G8IB0R88gY-00355-00198648-00199288": "put the html code in there another way you can do it is you can build it in cartridge whatever", "4G8IB0R88gY-00356-00199288-00199728": "your your funnel is you know where it goes from one stage to the next and the links in there can", "4G8IB0R88gY-00357-00199728-00200192": "actually lead to your shopify store or to your wordpress site you can do both of those that's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00358-00200192-00200688": "the cool thing about cartridge you can put it anywhere and the cool thing about the code is", "4G8IB0R88gY-00359-00200688-00201128": "um you can use a short code they give you a short code so you can do this whole page with all these", "4G8IB0R88gY-00360-00201128-00201616": "products and all this stuff and you click get code for let's say your wordpress site and the code's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00361-00201616-00202096": "only this long it's just a little string and that string will actually make everything operate", "4G8IB0R88gY-00362-00202096-00202640": "so it's built in cartridge shows up on your site site or shopify or whatever you want to do um", "4G8IB0R88gY-00363-00202752-00203264": "let's see here james says walking is the best exercise it's a great exercise i think it's been", "4G8IB0R88gY-00364-00203264-00203696": "downplayed i know as a kid i used to laugh at you know people who are walking i'm like they aren't", "4G8IB0R88gY-00365-00203696-00204128": "even running it's not doing them any good yes it is it does do a lot of good it's less stressful", "4G8IB0R88gY-00366-00204128-00204648": "in your joints you got to walk further right you can't you can't walk for 10 minutes and expect to", "4G8IB0R88gY-00367-00204648-00205064": "be in shape that's not going to work as opposed to running for 10 minutes you're going to get", "4G8IB0R88gY-00368-00205064-00205671": "more out of the running however if you walk couple miles three miles five miles and i was doing five", "4G8IB0R88gY-00369-00205671-00206136": "miles on my treadmill so until i burned it out but i have a bike now so i do it on the bike and i'll", "4G8IB0R88gY-00370-00206136-00206544": "spend an hour on there an hour on the bike you got to put time in that's a lot of people are like", "4G8IB0R88gY-00371-00206544-00207040": "well i just want to do 20 minutes a day 20 minutes a day will help 20 minutes a day will not get you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00372-00207040-00207616": "in shape 20 minutes a day isn't gonna cut it okay when i do a workout with my wife it's usually 45", "4G8IB0R88gY-00373-00207616-00208096": "minutes to an hour and then after i'm done with that we take the dog for a walk which is a couple", "4G8IB0R88gY-00374-00208096-00208656": "miles and then after i'm done with that i get on the bike it takes time it takes time some of you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00375-00208656-00208992": "may say well i don't have time you have the same amount of time i do it's just how you allocate", "4G8IB0R88gY-00376-00208992-00209712": "it don't kid yourself into that um in a future video can you cover putting a letter in front", "4G8IB0R88gY-00377-00209712-00210752": "of an affiliate offer uh try to ddp 10 second push-ups only up to seven well that's that's", "4G8IB0R88gY-00378-00210752-00211360": "the thing is you're trying it's i think so many people are worried about hitting a certain number", "4G8IB0R88gY-00379-00211360-00211880": "and my number is i want to beat myself you know whatever i've done before i want to get better at", "4G8IB0R88gY-00380-00211880-00212376": "now i know there's a limit to how many push-ups i can do in 40 seconds because after a while you", "4G8IB0R88gY-00381-00212376-00212719": "can only do so many push-ups in 40 seconds and i think i'm at that limit now because", "4G8IB0R88gY-00382-00212719-00213416": "right now the other day i was at 44 43 and 43 which means that's more than one per second okay", "4G8IB0R88gY-00383-00213416-00213944": "and i think that's probably where you're going to be at it now my next thing may be to do how", "4G8IB0R88gY-00384-00213944-00214528": "many push-ups i can do without stopping no time limit uh that may be my next thing when i was 50", "4G8IB0R88gY-00385-00214528-00215032": "i could do 100. uh they weren't good form i did a video you can find it on youtube i think it's mr", "4G8IB0R88gY-00386-00215032-00215519": "mr 100 push-ups or something like that but i did that when i was 50. um so i need to work on that", "4G8IB0R88gY-00387-00215600-00216200": "james breen walking is good for your mind as well as your body that's very true and james", "4G8IB0R88gY-00388-00216200-00216712": "when we go for our walk my wife and i discuss all kinds of things we discuss our new home we discuss", "4G8IB0R88gY-00389-00216712-00217216": "our pet we discuss our lives we discuss all kinds of things and that's a conversation that we have", "4G8IB0R88gY-00390-00217216-00217704": "that's uninterrupted i'm not looking at my phone i'm not on my computer the tv is not on same thing", "4G8IB0R88gY-00391-00217704-00218200": "for her we have to focus on each other which i think is important to focus on each other because", "4G8IB0R88gY-00392-00218200-00218712": "all couples will grow but you have a choice whether you're going to grow together or a part", "4G8IB0R88gY-00393-00218712-00219192": "so we try to grow together we try to help each other out do stuff for each other and make each", "4G8IB0R88gY-00394-00219192-00219616": "other's life easier you know if i can do something to make her life easier help her out that's what", "4G8IB0R88gY-00395-00219616-00220088": "i want to do that's my goal and i think she does the same thing for me uh so anyhow i think", "4G8IB0R88gY-00396-00220088-00220696": "i'm over oh my gosh i'm at 9 37 what am i talking about here i'm just rambling on too much too much", "4G8IB0R88gY-00397-00220696-00221160": "guys thank you so much for being here i'm going to switch my screen here so i can see what i'm doing", "4G8IB0R88gY-00398-00221232-00221544": "what i'm doing if you haven't subscribed please do so i need", "4G8IB0R88gY-00399-00221544-00222223": "37 more subscribers please give them to me uh the internet gods the youtube gods you know uh give me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00400-00222223-00222736": "37 more subscribers so i get to that 5000 famebit that's what i want and then i've got my next goal", "4G8IB0R88gY-00401-00222736-00223192": "i'll let you know all about okay we'll have a celebration when i get to that 5000 how about that", "4G8IB0R88gY-00402-00223192-00223640": "uh thank you so much for being here please subscribe please ring the bell turn on all bell", "4G8IB0R88gY-00403-00223640-00224112": "notifications so you're notified each and every time i do a new video or i go live guys i really", "4G8IB0R88gY-00404-00224112-00224632": "enjoy you people i really do i enjoy you being here and even if you're not here live i know i get", "4G8IB0R88gY-00405-00224632-00225104": "a lot of your comments afterwards it means just as much to me even if you're not here live with me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00406-00225104-00225560": "and you post on there a question or comment or suggestion means so much to me it really does", "4G8IB0R88gY-00407-00225560-00226408": "guys keeps me going uh under creating and ideas i've learned to keep under creating and ideas okay", "4G8IB0R88gY-00408-00226408-00227104": "i gotta read it right i've learned to keep a pad handy for ideas in car and by bed that's really", "4G8IB0R88gY-00409-00227104-00227504": "good and a lot of people do that my wife does that she has a pad of all these things she wants to do", "4G8IB0R88gY-00410-00227504-00228088": "i do it all on here and i do it with voice notes uh i put my voice notes in there i don't care if", "4G8IB0R88gY-00411-00228088-00228576": "it's a grocery list or whatever whatever the heck it is i use voice notes and that works for me", "4G8IB0R88gY-00412-00228680-00228984": "really well uh guys thanks a lot for being here i'm going to get out of here"}}, {"audio_id": "4GfNeo1BozM", "text": {"4GfNeo1BozM-00000-00000115-00000375": "In the next video we're going to use", "4GfNeo1BozM-00001-00000375-00000732": "a very powerful idea from algebra called,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00002-00000732-00000976": "the Principle of Substitution.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00003-00001058-00001408": "This is what the Principle of Substitution says.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00004-00001554-00001870": "I can always replace an expression", "4GfNeo1BozM-00005-00001870-00002216": "by another expression that's equal to it", "4GfNeo1BozM-00006-00002216-00002460": "without changing its value.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00007-00002606-00002916": "Now we've been actually doing that all along.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00008-00002964-00003494": "For example, when we said evaluate two x plus y,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00009-00003494-00003770": "when x is three and y is two,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00010-00003838-00004102": "when we replace the x with three", "4GfNeo1BozM-00011-00004188-00004578": "and the y with two, we're using", "4GfNeo1BozM-00012-00004578-00004790": "the Principle of Substitution.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00013-00004820-00005058": "And then we just work out the arithmetic,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00014-00005058-00005318": "of course, and this is eight.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00015-00005740-00006182": "But it's not just numbers that we can do this with.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00016-00006182-00006752": "If y is four x plus one, we can say what is two y", "4GfNeo1BozM-00017-00006752-00006906": "in terms of x?", "4GfNeo1BozM-00018-00007009-00007688": "Just like up here, we took out the x and replaced it", "4GfNeo1BozM-00019-00007688-00008278": "with a three and took out the y and replaced it", "4GfNeo1BozM-00020-00008278-00008394": "with a two.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00021-00008494-00008948": "Here we can take out the y and replace it", "4GfNeo1BozM-00022-00008948-00009152": "with four x plus one.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00023-00009300-00009960": "So, we have the two still but instead of y,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00024-00009998-00010352": "will have four x plus one.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00025-00010430-00010740": "And now, we can stop here.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00026-00010914-00011182": "This is a perfectly good answer to the question.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00027-00011254-00011670": "Or we could simplify by distributing and we get,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00028-00011704-00011960": "eight x plus two.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00029-00012210-00012446": "Let's make sure that that really works.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00030-00012574-00012872": "Let's say we want to try,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00031-00012924-00013112": "what if x is seven?", "4GfNeo1BozM-00032-00013202-00013882": "Then y is four times seven plus one.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00033-00013936-00014286": "So, that's twenty-eight plus one,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00034-00014286-00014419": "is twenty-nine.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00035-00014586-00015224": "And then two y is two times twenty-nine,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00036-00015290-00015441": "is fifty-eight.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00037-00015532-00015841": "On the other hand, plugging directly into our answer.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00038-00015969-00016744": "Eight x plus two is eight times seven plus two.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00039-00016890-00017410": "That's fifty-six plus two is fifty-eight.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00040-00017478-00017676": "So, that really worked, right?", "4GfNeo1BozM-00041-00017676-00018115": "We get the same result by finding out y first", "4GfNeo1BozM-00042-00018115-00018326": "and plugging it into two y.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00043-00018388-00018758": "Or by just plugging x directly into our result.", "4GfNeo1BozM-00044-00018826-00019162": "And this is what the principle of substitution says,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00045-00019204-00019574": "it says if I have two expressions that I know are equal,", "4GfNeo1BozM-00046-00019628-00020010": "I can take one away and replace it with the other one."}}, {"audio_id": "4HpBu38yUlc", "text": {"4HpBu38yUlc-00000-00001561-00002358": "Good day, I am Brian Ferrill, and welcome to PACE-IT's session on troubleshooting common network issues.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00001-00002358-00002932": "Today, we are going to talk about problems that should be escalated and then we will conclude with", "4HpBu38yUlc-00002-00002932-00003320": "problems that you should resolve. There's a fair amount of ground to cover,", "4HpBu38yUlc-00003-00003320-00003761": "so let's go ahead and begin this session.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00004-00003761-00004474": "We're going to begin by talking about problems that an entry level network technician should escalate.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00005-00004474-00004730": "The complexity of modern networking has made", "4HpBu38yUlc-00006-00004730-00005409": "using a solid troubleshooting methodology a necessity, not an option. Networks can express", "4HpBu38yUlc-00007-00005409-00006017": "problems and issues in many ways. This can lead to much frustration on the part of the", "4HpBu38yUlc-00008-00006017-00006628": "network users, and the technicians responsible for fixing problems. If such problems are", "4HpBu38yUlc-00009-00006628-00007273": "not resolved quickly, they can lead to loss of revenue and productivity for an organization.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00010-00007273-00007754": "There are a number of problems that should be escalated up the troubleshooting chain", "4HpBu38yUlc-00011-00007754-00008422": "as soon as they're discovered, in order for them to be resolved in the most expedient manner.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00012-00008422-00008760": "The first of those problems is the switching loop.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00013-00008760-00009278": "Users complain that the network works fine for a while and then goes down, and then", "4HpBu38yUlc-00014-00009278-00009854": "works fine for a while and then goes down. This indicates a Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)", "4HpBu38yUlc-00015-00009854-00010488": "convergence issue or a switching loop. In either case, this is beyond the entry level", "4HpBu38yUlc-00016-00010488-00011036": "technician's capabilities and should be escalated as soon as possible.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00017-00011036-00011611": "Then there's the broadcast storm. A failing NIC or application may cause a situation in", "4HpBu38yUlc-00018-00011611-00012220": "which a broadcast storm is created. The NIC goes down, then comes back up, then goes back", "4HpBu38yUlc-00019-00012220-00012802": "down, and it does this repeatedly. This is often referred to as a flapping NIC.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00020-00012802-00013460": "Each time it comes up, it sends out a broadcast advertising its status, which creates traffic congestion.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00021-00013460-00014000": "An application can do the same thing. In either case, escalate this up your", "4HpBu38yUlc-00022-00014001-00014650": "support chain as soon as it's discovered. Similar to the switching loop, is the routing loop,", "4HpBu38yUlc-00023-00014650-00015246": "but it involves the routing process. This is more likely to occur when older routing", "4HpBu38yUlc-00024-00015247-00015913": "protocols are used, but may also occur due to a misconfiguration of routers, as in there", "4HpBu38yUlc-00025-00015913-00016594": "are multiple static routes to the same location. Often switching to a newer routing protocol", "4HpBu38yUlc-00026-00016594-00017532": "like OSPF will resolve or banish routing loops, but this needs to occur further up the support chain.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00027-00017548-00017830": "There are other routing problems that, once", "4HpBu38yUlc-00028-00017830-00018422": "discovered, should be moved up the chain. Routing problems can manifest themselves in", "4HpBu38yUlc-00029-00018422-00019117": "many different ways, including missing IP routes, failure to discover neighboring devices,", "4HpBu38yUlc-00030-00019117-00019529": "or failure to connect to neighboring devices once they're discovered.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00031-00019529-00020234": "When routing problems are suspected, it is necessary to escalate the issue to the proper technical team.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00032-00020234-00020576": "One problem that can be difficult to diagnose", "4HpBu38yUlc-00033-00020576-00021490": "is the mismatched maximum transmission unit, or MTU. This is often called an MTU black hole.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00034-00021490-00022109": "Different types of WAN connections have different MTU settings, that is the largest", "4HpBu38yUlc-00035-00022109-00022853": "allowable size of a packet that can traverse a link or be accepted by the link. The MTU", "4HpBu38yUlc-00036-00022853-00023647": "for Ethernet, by the way, is 1500 bytes. Routers will negotiate the MTU between links", "4HpBu38yUlc-00037-00023647-00024439": "using ICMP, that's Internet Control Message Protocol. If ICMP has been disabled on the", "4HpBu38yUlc-00038-00024439-00025044": "router, which is a common practice, when a router receives a packet that exceeds the", "4HpBu38yUlc-00039-00025044-00025701": "MTU, it will not respond and it will drop the packet. The sending router continues to", "4HpBu38yUlc-00040-00025701-00026437": "send the oversized packets into the MTU black hole, never getting a response back that the", "4HpBu38yUlc-00041-00026437-00027095": "packets are too big, so the data is flowing, but it is not going anywhere. When suspected,", "4HpBu38yUlc-00042-00027095-00027708": "this too should be moved up the support chain to the correct technical team.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00043-00027708-00028362": "NIC teaming can also create a problem. This is the process of bonding multiple network", "4HpBu38yUlc-00044-00028362-00028964": "interface controllers on a single system for the purpose of increasing bandwidth or for", "4HpBu38yUlc-00045-00028964-00029615": "failover purposes. A misconfiguration may actually cause a loss of performance or, in", "4HpBu38yUlc-00046-00029615-00030418": "a worst case scenario, the total loss of functionality. If you're dealing with teamed NICs, move it", "4HpBu38yUlc-00047-00030418-00030962": "up the support chain. Then there are power failures or power anomalies.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00048-00030962-00031572": "Power failures are easy to diagnose, but maybe difficult to recover from. While battery backups", "4HpBu38yUlc-00049-00031572-00032161": "and generators may mitigate the issue, they will not resolve the problem. If the problem", "4HpBu38yUlc-00050-00032161-00032811": "occurs within the building, contact the appropriate group responsible for building maintenance.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00051-00032811-00033369": "If the problem occurs outside the building, contact the appropriate utility.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00052-00033369-00034019": "Electronic devices are sensitive to power issues. Anomalies in the quality of the electricity", "4HpBu38yUlc-00053-00034019-00034696": "delivered to the device may cause problems. Using battery backups or uninterruptable power", "4HpBu38yUlc-00054-00034696-00035334": "supplies with power conditioners will help to mitigate power anomalies.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00055-00035334-00036087": "With problems to escalate covered, let's move on to problems that you can resolve.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00056-00036087-00036828": "We will begin with incorrect IP configurations. Under incorrect IP configurations, we will", "4HpBu38yUlc-00057-00036828-00037402": "begin with the default gateway. The default gateway is a local network, or computer's", "4HpBu38yUlc-00058-00037402-00038128": "access to outside networks. An incorrect gateway will keep traffic from reaching its destination.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00059-00038128-00038742": "If it's suspected, verify what the correct gateway settings should be and correct it.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00060-00038742-00039340": "Then there are duplicate IP addresses. When duplicate IP addresses have been configured,", "4HpBu38yUlc-00061-00039340-00039978": "the first device booted up will get the address and the second one that gets booted up, will", "4HpBu38yUlc-00062-00039978-00040615": "get an address supplied by APIPA. This can occur when DHCP address reservations have", "4HpBu38yUlc-00063-00040615-00041202": "not been configured correctly. This is easy to verify and correct, and should be done", "4HpBu38yUlc-00064-00041202-00041894": "when an APIPA address is received by a device. There are other DHCP misconfigurations that", "4HpBu38yUlc-00065-00041894-00042533": "can occur. The problem is expressed in a similar manner as the duplicate IP address problem,", "4HpBu38yUlc-00066-00042533-00043336": "as when an APIPA address is supplied, and is caused by a misconfigured DHCP server.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00067-00043336-00044054": "Again, verify your DHCP settings and correct. Then there are DNS misconfigurations.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00068-00044054-00044667": "Users complain that they cannot get to resources or destinations on the network when using", "4HpBu38yUlc-00069-00044667-00045477": "the hostname. DNS is used to resolve hostnames to IP addresses, so a misconfiguration will", "4HpBu38yUlc-00070-00045477-00046281": "prevent the function of the DNS process. Verify the correct DNS settings and correct as needed.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00071-00046282-00046968": "It's also possible to have incorrect VLAN assignments, or incorrect virtual local area", "4HpBu38yUlc-00072-00046968-00047626": "network assignments. Users will complain that they cannot get to necessary network resources.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00073-00047626-00048296": "This tends to be a single host issue or to involve a small group of hosts. Verify the", "4HpBu38yUlc-00074-00048296-00048974": "VLAN settings, and, again, correct as necessary. Incorrect interface configurations will also", "4HpBu38yUlc-00075-00048974-00049575": "create network issues. Users may complain of poor network performance or not being able", "4HpBu38yUlc-00076-00049575-00050327": "to connect to resources at all. This issue tends to affect a whole network segment. Configuration", "4HpBu38yUlc-00077-00050327-00051030": "issues could include mismatched port speeds and/or duplex settings on the interfaces.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00078-00051030-00051512": "Verify the correct interface configurations and correct the settings.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00079-00051512-00052086": "Simultaneous wireless and wired connections will also create some networking issues.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00080-00052086-00052794": "Many laptops come with wireless and wired network capabilities built in to them. It is possible", "4HpBu38yUlc-00081-00052794-00053419": "for a laptop to attempt to use both at the same time. This may cause the device to quit", "4HpBu38yUlc-00082-00053419-00054050": "communicating on the network as a whole. Reminding users to turn off wireless capabilities before", "4HpBu38yUlc-00083-00054050-00054458": "joining the wired network will resolve this problem.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00084-00054458-00055077": "Not having good end-to-end connectivity is another common problem. The complexity of", "4HpBu38yUlc-00085-00055077-00055673": "networks will just about guarantee that end-to-end connectivity, the ability to reach remote", "4HpBu38yUlc-00086-00055673-00056413": "hosts, will be lost at some point. The ping and tracert utilities can be used to find", "4HpBu38yUlc-00087-00056413-00056987": "where the break in communication occurs. This information can then be used to determine", "4HpBu38yUlc-00088-00056987-00057597": "the next course of action. Last up, is hardware failure. Networking equipment", "4HpBu38yUlc-00089-00057597-00058276": "and devices will fail. When this happens, it is usually denoted by the sudden loss,", "4HpBu38yUlc-00090-00058276-00058942": "or intermittent loss, of networking functions or access. The key to resolving this issue", "4HpBu38yUlc-00091-00058942-00059342": "is in determining what has failed and replacing it.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00092-00059342-00060001": "That concludes this session on troubleshooting common network issues. I began by talking", "4HpBu38yUlc-00093-00060001-00060747": "about problems that should be escalated and then I concluded with problems that should be resolved.", "4HpBu38yUlc-00094-00060748-00061354": "On behalf of PACE-IT, thank you for watching this session, and I look forward to doing another one."}}, {"audio_id": "4HtsILhtHho", "text": {"4HtsILhtHho-00000-00000000-00000100": "...great groundswell here of users just waiting for you to share content with them", "4HtsILhtHho-00001-00000100-00000638": "and start that engagement process.", "4HtsILhtHho-00002-00000638-00001054": "So this is Circles and this is how we divide our content, sorry, our user base up.", "4HtsILhtHho-00003-00001054-00001460": "So at the top here, I've got all of my individual people. I can see", "4HtsILhtHho-00004-00001460-00001810": "people I can find. I can", "4HtsILhtHho-00005-00001810-00002408": "do that from search so I can do a topic. I can just look for people who are engaging with networks. People who are in my circles", "4HtsILhtHho-00006-00002408-00002884": "already, your circles, so - sorry should have you in circles and your circles -", "4HtsILhtHho-00007-00002884-00003263": "and then here, these are actually where I'm compartmentalising people", "4HtsILhtHho-00008-00003263-00003739": "effectively. So I've got a close friend, I've got search engine optimisation people", "4HtsILhtHho-00009-00003739-00004205": "charity people down here, my favourite Dr Who and then I've a list where it's just", "4HtsILhtHho-00010-00004205-00004510": "keep so, you know, if I'm interacting with people and I think well, they're such a", "4HtsILhtHho-00011-00004510-00005055": "good interaction I want to keep them around and what I might do with falling out of favour  with particular types of", "4HtsILhtHho-00012-00005055-00005473": "subject matters that interest me, they can go into my keep desk. And then when I come", "4HtsILhtHho-00013-00005473-00005791": "to actually share content, I can just choose who I want to share", "4HtsILhtHho-00014-00005791-00006185": "it to and it's all done quickly and simply. Now if I want", "4HtsILhtHho-00015-00006185-00006584": "to send something public to the entire world I can do that. Or I", "4HtsILhtHho-00016-00006584-00006984": "can pick an individual circle and share that content just with those individual", "4HtsILhtHho-00017-00006984-00007322": "people. Or I can do a combination. I can share it with the entire world", "4HtsILhtHho-00018-00007322-00007804": "but also share it with these individual groups. Now those people in those individual groups can", "4HtsILhtHho-00019-00007804-00008118": "get an alert saying: hey John just shared some content with me.", "4HtsILhtHho-00020-00008118-00008550": "I'll have a look at that content, interact with it. Because you're building up these relationships", "4HtsILhtHho-00021-00008550-00008850": "over time, it becomes a very strong", "4HtsILhtHho-00022-00008850-00009182": "kind of interaction between these sort", "4HtsILhtHho-00023-00009182-00009547": "of groups and it's difficult almost to explain", "4HtsILhtHho-00024-00009547-00009929": "but when you start building up these circles, when you start making those", "4HtsILhtHho-00025-00009929-00010296": "attachments with people you will build those relationships every single time.", "4HtsILhtHho-00026-00010296-00010689": "Every time you share something with that circle those people will interact. They might", "4HtsILhtHho-00027-00010689-00011389": "'plus one' which our equivalent of 'like', or they might share it which is the equivalent of tweet or share on Facebook or Twitter but ultimately those interactions", "4HtsILhtHho-00028-00011560-00011939": "keep happening and it's happening to a greater degree than I've ever seen on Twitter or Facebook.", "4HtsILhtHho-00029-00011939-00012272": "Twitter and Facebook feel just so passive  these days, to me.", "4HtsILhtHho-00030-00012272-00012888": "I think there's about two years of working with Google+. Those interactions with Google+ have a relevancy. They continuously build out."}}, {"audio_id": "4HtF7s16A4y", "text": {"4HtF7s16A4y-00000-00000256-00000456": "Rinse the measuring cylinder 3 times", "4HtF7s16A4y-00001-00000456-00000714": "and add this water to the spray liquid.", "4HtF7s16A4y-00002-00000714-00001000": "If you have emptied any pesticide containers,", "4HtF7s16A4y-00003-00001000-00001300": "also rinse them with water and add the rinsing water", "4HtF7s16A4y-00004-00001300-00001500": "into the sprayer tank.", "4HtF7s16A4y-00005-00001500-00001700": "Do this twice more (3 times in total).", "4HtF7s16A4y-00006-00001850-00002000": "Replace the tank lid. Agitate the sprayer.", "4HtF7s16A4y-00007-00002000-00002400": "to mix the product with the water.", "4HtF7s16A4y-00008-00002400-00003300": "© 2015, Syngenta. All rights reserved."}}, {"audio_id": "4HJaBLyDapg", "text": {"4HJaBLyDapg-00000-00000020-00000065": "Hello.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00001-00000065-00000165": "My name is Kenneth.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00002-00000171-00000288": "I live in New Jersey.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00003-00000318-00000752": "I was a Republican for over 30 years and I voted for presidential", "4HJaBLyDapg-00004-00000752-00001030": "candidates from Reagan to Romney.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00005-00001068-00001505": "Sometimes my candidate won, sometimes my candidate lost, but even more", "4HJaBLyDapg-00006-00001505-00001878": "important than the outcome of any given election was that our", "4HJaBLyDapg-00007-00001878-00002126": "electoral system could be trusted.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00008-00002174-00002394": "We could have confidence in it.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00009-00002646-00003048": "In 2000, I supported George W Bush's litigation to ensure that", "4HJaBLyDapg-00010-00003048-00003303": "his victory would be accepted.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00011-00003333-00004004": "And in that case, a contest in the courts made a certain amount of sense because", "4HJaBLyDapg-00012-00004053-00004523": "the vote was very close and it all boiled down to one state, Florida, on which the", "4HJaBLyDapg-00013-00004523-00004764": "electoral college in that election hinged.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00014-00004851-00005097": "In the current case, the vote is not close.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00015-00005214-00005715": "The president would need to overturn the vote as it's been counted in multiple", "4HJaBLyDapg-00016-00005715-00006243": "States and close up gaps of thousands and thousands of votes in each of those", "4HJaBLyDapg-00017-00006243-00006933": "States in order to have the outcome in the electoral college overturned.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00018-00007002-00007386": "And if somehow that were to occur, it would mean an utter collapse of", "4HJaBLyDapg-00019-00007386-00007605": "confidence in our electoral system.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00020-00007784-00008190": "Being a republican with a small R, which we all should be,", "4HJaBLyDapg-00021-00008262-00008478": "means that we accept the rules.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00022-00008499-00008979": "We don't leave decisions about when to relinquish power in", "4HJaBLyDapg-00023-00008979-00009162": "the hands of those in power.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00024-00009261-00009618": "It means that no person rules alone, as traditionally would", "4HJaBLyDapg-00025-00009618-00009771": "have occurred in a monarchy.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00026-00010054-00010630": "We cannot accept a situation where the current president is acting like a", "4HJaBLyDapg-00027-00010630-00010906": "Monarch refusing to relinquish power.", "4HJaBLyDapg-00028-00010972-00011341": "Nothing is more destructive to a Republican form of government."}}, {"audio_id": "4HMVVyp3lCo", "text": {"4HMVVyp3lCo-00000-00001278-00001652": "We work on a contour with a rotary knife", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00001-00002482-00002868": "Leather is recommended to use a growth tanning", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00002-00003754-00004394": "Carefully within the contour, otherwise you can spoil the drawing and the workpiece as a whole.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00003-00005714-00006414": "The work is painstaking and long, requires patience. But very positive for the nerves. The best hobby against depression!", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00004-00007426-00008066": "Dremel (engraver) you can buy yourself simple up to $ 100. The kit will have everything you need.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00005-00009266-00009854": "In addition, this tool is useful for performing a large number of work.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00006-00010226-00010760": "Polish gently, the temperature can darken the skin very much.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00007-00012780-00013562": "The cobweb is also made with a rotary knife. Caution: leather thickness should be 6 oz (2.5 mm) and above.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00008-00014966-00015666": "If the drawing will move to the lower elements, first draw a sketch on the entire surface of the workpiece.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00009-00015976-00016832": "Attachments to the engraver is not necessary to use as I (the author of the channel), you can similar, they are most convenient for this type of work.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00010-00018132-00018734": "Try not to touch the skin surface near the pattern.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00011-00018972-00019798": "I (the author of the channel) I hope you will tell how else you can make an interesting background on the skin.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00012-00021334-00022034": "For a longer and more detailed review of the technique of decorating leather with a mechanical engraver, see the Masterclass Playlist.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00013-00022196-00022710": "The edges of the picture need to be smoothed.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00014-00023736-00024440": "Do not go deeper than 2/3, the skin will crack or tear in places of deep work.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00015-00025824-00026420": "Wet the surface and remove chips and dust more often.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00016-00028424-00029350": "It’s not necessary to refine to the ideal, but I can’t do it differently) Do it until you are completely satisfied and do not rush. This is a matter for the soul!", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00017-00031045-00031726": "By polishing, you can achieve the effect of shadow, a little cauterizing the skin in the right places.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00018-00032118-00032588": "It will be much more interesting after painting.", "4HMVVyp3lCo-00019-00033998-00034834": "I look forward to your opinion, your processing methods and suggestions in the comments. What kind of skin work would you like to see?"}}, {"audio_id": "4HN8MU9-oDc", "text": {"4HN8MU9-oDc-00000-00003483-00003828": "hello everyone", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00001-00003948-00004714": "my name is Nadia Gerwell I'm 42 years old and I'm a mom of six-year-old", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00002-00004714-00006053": "triplets and a 4 year old", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00003-00006217-00006789": "I've been at the gym for three years trying to have a flat stomach and it's", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00004-00006789-00007409": "just never going to happen on my own sadly with the procedure I heard that", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00005-00007409-00008100": "it's very um rough to recover from I mean I've had two c-sections and after", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00006-00008100-00008592": "that I was like out and about after a week here that's not the case", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00007-00008592-00009167": "it's more invasive you know you're gonna feel tight you're gonna have drains for", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00008-00009167-00009653": "two weeks you're gonna probably feel really weak and you can't and yet we're", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00009-00009653-00010092": "gonna have a hard time like getting up so someone's gonna have to help me all", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00010-00010092-00010700": "the time I'm scared of the anesthesia I mean I've had a seizure before but when", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00011-00010700-00011267": "I when I had the pregnancies you know was an epidural and that's horrible you", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00012-00011267-00011918": "know but with this it's like general and a study and it's a surgery that's", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00013-00011918-00012365": "probably like four hours it's a long time I'm afraid you know that I'm not", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00014-00012365-00012813": "gonna wake up from it which is like the worst thing I could possibly think I'm", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00015-00012813-00013404": "like shooting myself in the foot I know that's not the case but it's mainly I", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00016-00013404-00014019": "feel this way because I have kids and I want to make sure that I wake up to be", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00017-00014019-00014594": "there for them still I don't want anything to happen to me and that's also", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00018-00014594-00015251": "the reason why in doing this procedure I picked someone that was very reputable", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00019-00015251-00015785": "who had you know good credentials who had good reviews and that's important", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00020-00015785-00016406": "when you're picking someone to have this type of procedure when I said like I was", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00021-00016406-00016797": "never gonna go to Mexico even though they yeah they might have really good", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00022-00016797-00017610": "surgeons down there or Dr or Ecuador again I want it to be close right to my", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00023-00017610-00018201": "kids I'm nervous I'm not gonna lie I'm very nervous about going through", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00024-00018201-00019053": "with this my problem area is here my stomach here this part have", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00025-00019053-00019764": "been able to like get rid of it from three years of you know working out and", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00026-00019764-00020256": "it's like a lot I mean you know I touch it and it's like awful like every day", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00027-00020256-00020736": "I'm like you know it just jiggles me if you can see it just jiggled and that's", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00028-00020736-00021237": "not attractive to me at all especially someone who works out really hard at the", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00029-00021237-00021939": "gym and eats clean it do back here you do here I'm gonna do this it's horrible", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00030-00021939-00022536": "looks horrible I went to like you know three plastic surgeons because I wanted", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00031-00022536-00022905": "to see if like there was anything less invasive than this and there isn't", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00032-00022905-00023667": "because the skin is so stretched out it's so like heavy I mean it's like and", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00033-00023667-00024320": "there's fat in there also so it just it has to be removed", "4HN8MU9-oDc-00034-00024556-00024762": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "4HP4FV146q0", "text": {"4HP4FV146q0-00000-00000200-00000400": "a lazy lunch break", "4HP4FV146q0-00001-00000578-00000743": "I love this smell.", "4HP4FV146q0-00002-00000947-00001529": "They still be tired because they played until late yesterday.", "4HP4FV146q0-00003-00001529-00001795": "Except you.", "4HP4FV146q0-00004-00002139-00002481": "I gave them a snack to chew for a long time.", "4HP4FV146q0-00005-00002812-00003012": "Normal snacks are eaten up in seconds.", "4HP4FV146q0-00006-00003311-00003834": "It's good to see them eating cutely for a long time.", "4HP4FV146q0-00007-00004568-00004927": "Pepper is a good chewer.", "4HP4FV146q0-00008-00005843-00006272": "She also likes that I hold snacks.", "4HP4FV146q0-00009-00006377-00006659": "Because she's a princess....", "4HP4FV146q0-00010-00008071-00008563": "Brandi likes to eat in private spaces.", "4HP4FV146q0-00011-00009284-00009484": "The sound of a molar cutting...That's good..", "4HP4FV146q0-00012-00010788-00011134": "Hold it with her big paw..", "4HP4FV146q0-00013-00013016-00013216": "I care about his eyes...", "4HP4FV146q0-00014-00013740-00014130": "He doesn't care if you pet him while he's eating.", "4HP4FV146q0-00015-00014443-00014822": "Hi's breathing sounds cute when he eats....", "4HP4FV146q0-00016-00015391-00015738": "He hold it tightly with paw...", "4HP4FV146q0-00017-00016236-00016531": "I like to see my dogs eating deliciously."}}, {"audio_id": "4HQ7zKY1ex0", "text": {"4HQ7zKY1ex0-00000-00000219-00006167": "Hendrix : Star fleet to scout ship, please", "4HQ7zKY1ex0-00001-00006167-00008850": "give your position.", "4HQ7zKY1ex0-00002-00008850-00011009": "Over."}}, {"audio_id": "4I6CFcmwzny", "text": {"4I6CFcmwzny-00000-00000424-00001024": "RNA-Seq data are used to study which genes in an organism are expressed under different conditions.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00001-00001024-00001592": "RNA-Seq data also provide an estimate of relative gene expression levels within a single sample.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00002-00001664-00002256": "However, when RNA-Seq data are initially obtained, the data are simply a collection of sequence", "4I6CFcmwzny-00003-00002256-00002944": "information with no genomic context. We do not know which genes are expressed and at what levels.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00004-00002944-00003504": "In this video, we will discuss the computational approaches that enable RNA-Seq data to be", "4I6CFcmwzny-00005-00003504-00004112": "efficiently mapped to an organism's genome assembly. In order to produce RNA-seq data, we", "4I6CFcmwzny-00006-00004112-00004752": "need to first obtain and sequence the RNA from the organism we are studying. RNA can be extracted from", "4I6CFcmwzny-00007-00004752-00005336": "an organism at specific developmental stages from specific tissues or after different treatments.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00008-00005408-00006032": "The extracted RNAs undergo library preparation and are most often sequenced using the Illumina", "4I6CFcmwzny-00009-00006032-00006631": "sequencing technology. We call the sequence data obtained from sequencing a fragment of RNA a \"read\".", "4I6CFcmwzny-00010-00006695-00007352": "In general, reads produced by the Illumina sequencers are between 75 and 150 bases long.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00011-00007408-00008040": "The resulting RNA-Seq data allow us to identify genes that are expressed and to identify genes", "4I6CFcmwzny-00012-00008040-00008568": "that show changes in expression levels under different conditions. After the sequence data", "4I6CFcmwzny-00013-00008568-00009136": "have been obtained, we need to map the RNA-Seq reads to the genome so that we can determine", "4I6CFcmwzny-00014-00009136-00009784": "the genes that are being expressed. This is a difficult computational problem. The sizes of the", "4I6CFcmwzny-00015-00009784-00010376": "genome assembly for eukaryotes can range from tens of millions to tens of billions of bases,", "4I6CFcmwzny-00016-00010376-00010832": "and the Illumina sequencer can produce hundreds of millions of RNA-Seq reads.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00017-00010888-00011448": "In addition, because of sequencing errors and polymorphisms, we need to allow for a small number", "4I6CFcmwzny-00018-00011448-00012080": "of differences between the RNA-Seq reads and the genome assembly. If we were to use an algorithm", "4I6CFcmwzny-00019-00012080-00012656": "like BLAST to perform this search, the process would be extremely slow because the amount of", "4I6CFcmwzny-00020-00012656-00013200": "time required to search each RNA-Seq read would be proportional to the length of the database.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00021-00013256-00013776": "Hence, we must use an alternative approach that reduces the amount of time required to search for", "4I6CFcmwzny-00022-00013776-00014440": "sequence similarity between each RNA read and the genome assembly. This alternative approach takes", "4I6CFcmwzny-00023-00014440-00015119": "advantage of a data structure in computer science known as a suffix tree. The suffix tree creates an", "4I6CFcmwzny-00024-00015119-00015752": "index of the genome assembly, thereby allowing us to quickly find the locations where the RNA-seq", "4I6CFcmwzny-00025-00015752-00016352": "read matches the genome assembly. We will use a simple example to illustrate how to construct a", "4I6CFcmwzny-00026-00016352-00017096": "suffix tree. Our database consists of a sequence of DNA with 10 nucleotides. We will first specify the", "4I6CFcmwzny-00027-00017096-00017760": "position of each base in the sequence starting from position 0. The dollar sign at position 10", "4I6CFcmwzny-00028-00017760-00018368": "denotes the end of the sequence. To help us construct a suffix tree, we will first create", "4I6CFcmwzny-00029-00018368-00019080": "a suffix array. Each element in the suffix array corresponds to a position in the DNA sequence and", "4I6CFcmwzny-00030-00019080-00019952": "its corresponding suffix. For example, at position 10, the suffix is the dollar sign. At position 9,", "4I6CFcmwzny-00031-00019952-00020744": "the suffix is an \"a\" followed by the dollar sign. The suffix \"ga$\" is at position 8.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00032-00020744-00021488": "The suffix \"aga$\" is at position 7 and so on. We can continue to build this", "4I6CFcmwzny-00033-00021488-00022240": "list backwards until we reach position 0, where the suffix is the entire DNA sequence in the database.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00034-00022296-00022936": "We then sort these suffixes alphabetically while also keeping track of the position of each suffix.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00035-00022992-00023616": "We can convert a suffix array into a suffix tree by merging the common suffixes in the", "4I6CFcmwzny-00036-00023616-00024272": "list of sorted suffixes. We will examine each column of the suffix array and create a separate", "4I6CFcmwzny-00037-00024272-00024976": "branch for each unique nucleotide. For example, in the first column of the suffix array we have", "4I6CFcmwzny-00038-00024976-00025848": "the nucleotides \"a,\" \"c,\" and \"g.\" Hence, we will create three branches in the first level of the tree.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00039-00025848-00026520": "For the subset of suffixes that begin with an \"a,\" the second column consists of the dollar sign,", "4I6CFcmwzny-00040-00026520-00027120": "\"c,\" and \"g.\" This means we will create three branches at the second level of the tree.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00041-00027176-00027720": "When we reach the dollar sign, we will record the position in the leaf of the tree. In this", "4I6CFcmwzny-00042-00027720-00028424": "case, we will record the position 9 for the suffix \"a$.\" We can repeat this process", "4I6CFcmwzny-00043-00028424-00028872": "to construct the rest of the subtree for the suffixes that begin with an \"a.\"", "4I6CFcmwzny-00044-00028944-00029495": "Similarly, we can repeat this process to construct the subtrees for the suffixes that begin with a", "4I6CFcmwzny-00045-00029495-00030239": "\"c\" or a \"g.\" After we have created the suffix tree, it now becomes much easier to find all the matches to", "4I6CFcmwzny-00046-00030239-00030952": "a read in the database. For example, if we want to find the sequence \"cag\" in our database we simply", "4I6CFcmwzny-00047-00030952-00031568": "follow the branches of the tree until we match the entire read and report the positions in the leaves:", "4I6CFcmwzny-00048-00031568-00032168": "in this case, positions 1 and 6. The amount of time required to find all matches to a read", "4I6CFcmwzny-00049-00032168-00032672": "is proportional to the logarithm of the length of the read and does not depend on the size of", "4I6CFcmwzny-00050-00032672-00033400": "the database. We can modify the search algorithm to allow inexact matches. To allow base substitutions,", "4I6CFcmwzny-00051-00033400-00033952": "we can follow multiple paths but charge a penalty for each mismatch. We can terminate the search", "4I6CFcmwzny-00052-00033952-00034592": "within a subtree once the number of mismatches exceeds the maximum number of differences allowed.", "4I6CFcmwzny-00053-00034592-00035208": "To facilitate inexact matches with insertions and deletions, we can use dynamic programming or", "4I6CFcmwzny-00054-00035208-00036264": "a heuristic search to compute the edit distance of the read against many paths in the suffix tree."}}, {"audio_id": "4Ifxqv1B0r0", "text": {"4Ifxqv1B0r0-00000-00000000-00000200": "Meia Praia Itapema - The largest and busiest beach of Itapema", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00001-00001350-00001500": "is characterized by its good structure and ease of access.", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00002-00003600-00003800": "It has well structured commerce and a large number of buildings.", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00003-00005600-00005800": "One of the main differentials of the Beach is the Park Beach,", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00004-00006600-00006800": "a waterfront boardwalk built especially for walks and", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00005-00007600-00007800": "cycling, as well as several points with cold water showers.", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00006-00009600-00009800": "This beach has been highly valued due to the construction of", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00007-00010600-00010800": "high standard near the sea, which due to the code of urbanism well", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00008-00011600-00011800": "deployed do not produce shade on the extensive strip of sand.", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00009-00012600-00012800": "Itapema-SC, Brazil", "4Ifxqv1B0r0-00010-00012800-00014400": "REGISTER FOR OUR CHANNEL"}}, {"audio_id": "4J74iJmYY1A", "text": {"4J74iJmYY1A-00000-00000872-00001036": "one hour later", "4J74iJmYY1A-00001-00001636-00001803": "two hours later", "4J74iJmYY1A-00002-00004518-00005033": "no... no... no... no... no... no...", "4J74iJmYY1A-00003-00020592-00020783": "bro what is your name?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00004-00020783-00020833": "my name", "4J74iJmYY1A-00005-00020833-00020920": "shu...", "4J74iJmYY1A-00006-00020969-00021120": "shu?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00007-00021120-00021289": "yes", "4J74iJmYY1A-00008-00021544-00021594": "you bro?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00009-00021594-00021794": "navin", "4J74iJmYY1A-00010-00021794-00021844": "what?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00011-00021844-00021916": "navin", "4J74iJmYY1A-00012-00021916-00021966": "mavin?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00013-00021966-00022042": "navin", "4J74iJmYY1A-00014-00022042-00022113": "navi", "4J74iJmYY1A-00015-00022113-00022188": "yeah", "4J74iJmYY1A-00016-00022188-00022300": "navin..", "4J74iJmYY1A-00017-00022848-00022984": "how many years you are driving this?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00018-00023592-00023983": "i think when i am 14 years old", "4J74iJmYY1A-00019-00024117-00024310": "what's your age now?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00020-00024310-00024360": "32", "4J74iJmYY1A-00021-00024360-00024410": "30", "4J74iJmYY1A-00022-00024410-00024540": "ah okay", "4J74iJmYY1A-00023-00024540-00024656": "so 16 years", "4J74iJmYY1A-00024-00029856-00029963": "how old are you bro", "4J74iJmYY1A-00025-00029963-00030068": "bro?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00026-00030068-00030161": "how old are you?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00027-00030161-00030307": "i am 22", "4J74iJmYY1A-00028-00030307-00030465": "you're a 2nd year student?", "4J74iJmYY1A-00029-00030465-00030766": "i am a 4th year student now", "4J74iJmYY1A-00030-00030766-00030873": "4th yr? yeah.", "4J74iJmYY1A-00031-00030873-00030952": "final year", "4J74iJmYY1A-00032-00030952-00031102": "this year", "4J74iJmYY1A-00033-00031102-00031170": "yeah", "4J74iJmYY1A-00034-00031324-00031471": "you're 22", "4J74iJmYY1A-00035-00031471-00031521": "yes", "4J74iJmYY1A-00036-00033900-00033983": "thank you", "4J74iJmYY1A-00037-00033983-00034103": "bye bye"}}, {"audio_id": "4JjekKlnXsI", "text": {"4JjekKlnXsI-00000-00000629-00001063": "My name is Murray Pierce I'm the managing director for Infinigate UK.", "4JjekKlnXsI-00001-00001064-00001416": "We've been working with Tripwire since 2014.", "4JjekKlnXsI-00002-00001748-00002153": "Yes, Infinigate is a value added security distributor we focus", "4JjekKlnXsI-00003-00002153-00002536": "specifically into the cybersecurity market. We also focus on cloud", "4JjekKlnXsI-00004-00002536-00002977": "technologies in MSP and value-add so we work as an extension of our being this", "4JjekKlnXsI-00005-00002977-00003465": "business and support our partners to help them to drive the close", "4JjekKlnXsI-00006-00003807-00004173": "The complexity of cybersecurity in an overall is one of the main issues that", "4JjekKlnXsI-00007-00004173-00004455": "customer struggle with so you know they tend to have limited resources", "4JjekKlnXsI-00008-00004455-00004914": "internally and the types of threats for three vectors and the number of", "4JjekKlnXsI-00009-00004914-00005400": "different things that can happen within the organization are increasing all the", "4JjekKlnXsI-00010-00005400-00005784": "time for keeping on top of that and managing that complexity is one of the", "4JjekKlnXsI-00011-00005784-00006072": "biggest issues we'll see in the market of moment", "4JjekKlnXsI-00012-00006528-00006834": "Tripwire is a clear market leader in the in the FIM space but also with good", "4JjekKlnXsI-00013-00006834-00007190": "vulnerability scanning technology and you know really great solutions but also", "4JjekKlnXsI-00014-00007190-00007464": "great people to work with from our perspective it's the distributor and", "4JjekKlnXsI-00015-00007464-00007820": "also from our partners and it's a really good formula for six years of blueprint", "4JjekKlnXsI-00016-00007820-00008088": "for success that we've really built together with Tripwire for UK at for our", "4JjekKlnXsI-00017-00008088-00008164": "partners", "4JjekKlnXsI-00018-00008834-00009400": "Teamwork between ourselves, the partner, and Tripwire has been at the heart of", "4JjekKlnXsI-00019-00009400-00009849": "our success all the way through in a single word really."}}, {"audio_id": "4JmBOkPbAWY", "text": {"4JmBOkPbAWY-00000-00001100-00001800": "Janhvi Kapoor and Ishaan Khatter's 'Dhadak' rakes in moolah internationally", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00001-00001900-00003100": "Janhvi Kapoor and Ishaan Khatter's 'Dhadak' rakes in moolah internationally 'Dhadak' is an official remake of the Marathi Blockbuster film 'Sairat'.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00002-00003200-00003900": "Janhvi Kapoor and Ishaan Khatter's 'Dhadak' is winning hearts already.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00003-00004000-00004800": "The movie is close to earning Rs 20 Crore in the domestic market in just three days.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00004-00004900-00006800": "Well, here's more good news for Janhvi and Ishaan as the movie has made quite an impression internationally as well! As per noted trade analyst and film critic Taran Adarsh, newcomers generally don't have many takers internationally.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00005-00006900-00007600": "However, 'Dhadak' has remained an exception.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00006-00007700-00008400": "Taran took to Twitter and wrote, “#Dhadak springs a pleasant surprise Overseas.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00007-00008500-00009200": "Films starring newcomers, generally, find limited takers.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00008-00009300-00010000": "But #Dhadak is an exception.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00009-00010100-00013300": "Total: approx $ 858k [₹ 5.90 cr].North America: $ 265kUAE-GCC: $ 322kUK-Ireland: $ 96k ANZ: $ 100kPakistan: $ 47k” 'Dhadak' is an official remake of the Marathi Blockbuster film 'Sairat'.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00010-00013400-00014100": "The movie 'Sairat' starred newcomers Rinku Rajguru and Akash Thosar.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00011-00014200-00015600": "'Sairat', helmed by Nagraj Manjule went on to become the biggest hit in the history of Marathi cinema by garnering over Rs 100 crores at the Box Office.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00012-00015700-00016400": "'Dhadak' is directed by Shashank Khaitan and released on July 20.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00013-00016500-00017600": "It has been produced by Dharma Productions and Zee Studios and stars Janhvi, Ishaan and Ashutosh Rana in lead roles.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00014-00017700-00018400": "The story is based on caste differences prevalent in Indian society.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00015-00018500-00019300": "For the unversed, Janhvi is the elder daughter of late actress Sridevi and Boney Kapoor.", "4JmBOkPbAWY-00016-00019400-00020100": "Ishaan is actor Shahid Kapoor's half-brother."}}, {"audio_id": "4JpvV4-Ks9Y", "text": {"4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00000-00001464-00001762": "Please remember to subscribe to my channel", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00001-00002054-00002208": "Here ... here", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00002-00002344-00002478": "Do you want this Disney princess character?", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00003-00002478-00002608": "Press the red button", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00004-00003154-00003354": "Do you want this pink or blue one?", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00005-00003444-00003602": "For pink, please press here", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00006-00004336-00004536": "The story said that some ghosts stole a lot of jewelry", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00007-00004686-00004886": "Now just deal with them all by yourself", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00008-00005206-00005318": "About to transform", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00009-00005594-00005794": "Can raise your hand", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00010-00005854-00005980": "Transform", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00011-00007352-00007552": "You need to use magic wand", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00012-00007928-00008140": "good job", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00013-00008274-00008400": "can you do this?", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00014-00008420-00008620": "You could get rid of them by using the magic wand", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00015-00008626-00008826": "You can put your hands down now", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00016-00009282-00009482": "Well done ~ There are many coming", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00017-00009730-00009930": "also here", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00018-00011512-00011586": "Up on the top", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00019-00011586-00011756": "keep going", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00020-00013050-00013250": "Ariel Princess said thank you for your help", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00021-00013288-00013488": "Can now take pictures with her", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00022-00014041-00014241": "Look here on camera", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00023-00014606-00014686": "Again", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00024-00015024-00015119": "Which one do you want?", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00025-00015128-00015412": "1,2,3,4,5 you choose one", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00026-00015506-00015606": "This, ok", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00027-00016514-00016620": "Is this right?", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00028-00016642-00016700": "Yes", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00029-00017112-00017240": "Photos will come out soon", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00030-00017686-00017886": "This is your total score for playing this game", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00031-00019294-00019394": "You can take it home", "4JpvV4-Ks9Y-00032-00019794-00019922": "Thanks for watching"}}, {"audio_id": "4JBRZKqFD7U", "text": {"4JBRZKqFD7U-00000-00000000-00000200": "This video doesn’t feature anyone."}}, {"audio_id": "4JGTpKhkQyY", "text": {"4JGTpKhkQyY-00000-00000162-00000900": "good afternoon everyone just a few things and then I'll get right to your questions first I am aware", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00001-00000900-00001440": "of the press reporting stating that the U.S is considering providing Abram's tanks to Ukraine", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00002-00001440-00001938": "I have no announcements to make at this time and when and if we do we'll be sure to let you know", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00003-00001938-00002424": "as always we continue to remain in close contact with the ukrainians and our International allies", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00004-00002424-00002964": "and partners on Ukraine's most pressing security assistance requirements to include their near", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00005-00002964-00003629": "medium and long-term needs separately the U.S and Israel began the Juniper Oak exercise yesterday", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00006-00003629-00004236": "which is a bilateral live fire exercise in Israel and the Eastern Mediterranean Sea", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00007-00004236-00004692": "it's the largest and most significant exercise we have engaged in together and is intended", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00008-00004692-00005208": "to demonstrate that the U.S commitment to Israel's security is Ironclad and enduring", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00009-00005262-00005814": "throughout the week-long engagement more than 140 aircraft 12 Naval vessels High", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00010-00005814-00006408": "Mobility artillery rocket systems and multiple launch rocket systems will be used during this", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00011-00006408-00006966": "combined joint all domain exercise increasing our ability to interoperate on land in the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00012-00006966-00007409": "air at sea in space and in cyberspace which ultimately enhances our ability", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00013-00007409-00007895": "to respond to contingencies and underscores the U.S commitment to the Middle East region", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00014-00008004-00008790": "and other exercise news exercise obongami Express 2023 the largest multinational Maritime exercise", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00015-00008790-00009438": "in Western and central Africa also began yesterday in Lagos Nigeria with 29 participating Nations", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00016-00009504-00010104": "conducted by U.S naval forces Africa and sponsored by U.S Africa command OE 23 is", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00017-00010104-00010650": "the exercise's 12th iteration and designed to improve Regional cooperation information sharing", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00018-00010650-00011196": "practices and tactical interdiction expertise to support a more secure safe and economically", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00019-00011196-00011808": "prosperous Maritime environment the exercise will run through February 3. also yesterday", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00020-00011808-00012306": "secretary Austin and Secretary of the Air Force Kendall spoke at a ceremony at Howard University", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00021-00012306-00012786": "during which the Air Force announced that his selected Howard is the first historically black", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00022-00012786-00013266": "college or university to lead a department of defense-sponsored university-affiliated", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00023-00013266-00013782": "research center the center will focus on tactical autonomy for military systems and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00024-00013782-00014412": "Howard will receive 12 million dollars per year for five years to fund research DOD currently", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00025-00014412-00014988": "has 14 university-affiliated Research centers with Howard now being the 15th such centers are", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00026-00014988-00015450": "responsible for providing dedicated facilities and sharing space with Department officials", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00027-00015450-00015984": "and Industrial participants to conduct basic applied and Technology demonstration research", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00028-00016074-00016536": "finally the Senate confirmed Mr Brendan Owens yesterday as assistant secretary of defense for", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00029-00016536-00017118": "energy installations and environment and this role assistant secretary Owens is the principal advisor", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00030-00017118-00017592": "to the under secretary of defense for acquisition and sustainment for all matters pertaining to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00031-00017592-00018162": "environment and energy resilience construction housing and local defense Community cooperation", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00032-00018162-00018756": "he also provides budgetary policy and management oversight of the Department of defense's real", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00033-00018756-00019350": "property portfolio which encompasses millions of acres and over 500 000 buildings and structures", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00034-00019350-00019980": "at more than 500 installations and with that I will take your questions we'll start with ap Tara", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00035-00019980-00020484": "hi thanks for doing this um now multiple news organizations have been able to match the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00036-00020484-00020982": "journals reporting that the administration will be approving Abrams for Ukraine", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00037-00021078-00021780": "um and it seems like this has been in the works for a while what was the pentagons thinking behind", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00038-00021840-00022386": "the last week's worth of saying that Abrams won't work they're not the right you know tool for the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00039-00022386-00023088": "battle they're too costly to maintain is this not going to be a useful tool for Ukraine again", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00040-00023088-00023664": "I have nothing to announce today in terms of the m1s I think as we've said all along we continue", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00041-00023664-00024252": "to have a very robust dialogue with Ukraine and our International allies and partners to focus on", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00042-00024252-00024816": "what their immediate battle term uh Battlefield needs are now in the near term but we also have", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00043-00024816-00025296": "discussions about what they may need in the medium to long term and we'll continue to have those", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00044-00025296-00025733": "discussions and again as I said at the the top uh when and if we have something to announce we will", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00045-00025800-00026544": "follow up to that um where could this training take place if it does take place would this be", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00046-00026544-00026874": "something that happens in Germany is this something that happens in Poland presumably", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00047-00026874-00027389": "like with the Bradleys and the other systems um some extensive training would be needed sure", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00048-00027389-00027804": "again I don't have any announcements so I don't want to speculate or talk about hypotheticals", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00049-00027864-00028218": "um but when if we have more information that we're able to provide we certainly will thank", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00050-00028218-00028944": "you dries just taking aside whether Ukraine will or will not get the Abrams you and others have", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00051-00028944-00029472": "spoken publicly about the logistics issues right again aside take a segment that they're getting", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00052-00029472-00030108": "them or not how do you overcome giving tags to a country when they don't have a logistics", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00053-00030108-00030726": "trained when they don't have a fuel with it yeah again without trying to preview an announcement", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00054-00030726-00031176": "again which I'm not sure if I was clear but I don't have an announcement to make today", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00055-00031295-00032100": "um you know the the M1 is a complex weapon system that is challenging to maintain as we've talked", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00056-00032100-00032748": "about that was true yesterday it's true today it'll be true in the future again without getting", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00057-00032748-00033402": "into hypotheticals any time that we've provided Ukraine with any type of system we've provided", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00058-00033402-00034026": "that the training and sustainment capabilities with that so again when and if we have something", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00059-00034026-00034446": "to announce about any new weapon system we'll be sure to do that once again putting aside Ukraine", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00060-00034446-00035106": "is it beneficial to give a country weapons that it can again I'm not going to get into", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00061-00035106-00035796": "hypotheticals or speculate at this point in time our Focus has been as you know at the UK Ukraine", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00062-00035796-00036366": "contact group this last week has been focused on what is it that Ukraine needs right now to have", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00063-00036366-00036810": "immediate effect on the battlefield given the situation there but again we've also been very", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00064-00036810-00037314": "clear more broadly speaking from a strategic and operational standpoint that we continue", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00065-00037314-00037818": "to have discussions with the ukrainians and our allies and partners about what are the medium and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00066-00037818-00038286": "long-term uh defense requirements for Ukraine and we'll continue to have those conversations", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00067-00038448-00039216": "I have two questions one in North Korea one in Taiwan for Education North Korea is preparing", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00068-00039216-00039942": "for a large-scale military parade as you know there at the same time what kind of Readiness", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00069-00039942-00040878": "does the United States have in preparations for contingents in which North Korea conducted missile", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00070-00040878-00041604": "and seventh nuclear tests well you know you've heard us say before that we do remain concerned", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00071-00041604-00042312": "that North Korea is prepared to conduct a seventh nuclear test it would certainly be a destabilizing", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00072-00042312-00043038": "action in the region and so it's something that we continue to keep a close eye on it and and we will", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00073-00043038-00043692": "work closely with our partners and our allies in the region to be prepared in that eventuality yes", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00074-00043692-00044736": "and another one if when China invade Taiwan U.S processing Korea will move it to Taiwan and the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00075-00044736-00045684": "United States will intervened does the U.S expect the South Korea to be involved in this military", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00076-00045684-00046170": "actions at that time yeah thanks thanks for the question I'm not going to get into hypotheticals", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00077-00046170-00046980": "regarding adding a potential Chinese invasion of Taiwan I as you know we maintain a variety of", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00078-00046980-00047532": "capabilities throughout the indo-pacific region a variety of forces not the least of which are", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00079-00047532-00048192": "approximately 30 000 U.S forces stationed in South Korea which are there to work alongside our ROK", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00080-00048192-00048900": "allies to protect and defend South Korea so we'll continue to work closely with South Korea and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00081-00048900-00049386": "Japan and other allies and partners in the region to preserve a free and open in the Pacific thank", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00082-00049386-00050118": "you Laura I'm sure Dr call uh last week spent a good amount of time talking about how tank it now", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00083-00050118-00050850": "is not the right time to send Abrams and Abrams is not the right tool for the battlefield in the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00084-00050850-00051546": "immediate future so is that still dod's position so as we talked about and as Dr call has talked", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00085-00051546-00052074": "about our Focus has been on providing Ukraine with capabilities that it can employ right now in the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00086-00052074-00052541": "battlefield I think we're all following along very closely the current situation there is Ukraine", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00087-00052541-00053166": "tries to recruit refit and prepare for a continued offensive operations along the lines so that that", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00088-00053166-00053867": "has not changed as evidenced by the recent PDA announcements that we've made and as evidenced by", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00089-00053867-00054408": "the capabilities that you saw coming out of the contact group announced by many of our partners", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00090-00054408-00055086": "and so again as we look at our security assistance relationship with Ukraine we're going to continue", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00091-00055086-00055686": "to talk not only about their near-term needs but also about their medium and long-term needs and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00092-00055686-00056274": "that has always been the case and will continue to be the case do we have Abram's tanks in an", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00093-00056274-00056832": "exportable version that would be readily available right now I don't have anything to provide on that", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00094-00056832-00057462": "thank you thank you General so um Dew Spiegel is reporting that that Germany will allow Poland and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00095-00057462-00058194": "other nations to re-export leopard to uh thanks to to Ukraine has the German leadership communicated", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00096-00058194-00058728": "its decision uh with the with the department and the department play any role in convincing Germany", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00097-00058728-00059538": "to make this shift and on the technical uh not technical um yeah as part of your discussion with", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00098-00059538-00060252": "with Ukraine do you have an understanding how many thanks the ukrainians think they need for this uh", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00099-00060252-00061104": "maybe um offensive coming up after the the winter season yeah well I won't speak for the ukrainians", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00100-00061104-00061716": "they've certainly voiced uh to the Department of Defense and other International leaders in", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00101-00061716-00062202": "terms of the security assistance requirements that they have in order to support their armed forces", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00102-00062202-00062736": "and as I mentioned we continue to have those conversations in terms of Germany secretary", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00103-00062736-00063366": "Austin did have very productive conversations with his German counterpart when he was in Germany we", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00104-00063366-00063894": "issued a readout of that which I I would refer you to but in terms of decision making on the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00105-00063894-00064505": "side of Germany as to whether or not they will provide tanks or allow third-party countries to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00106-00064505-00065004": "provide those tanks I'd refer you to them well you understand at this point but my question", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00107-00065004-00065670": "is has the German leadership defense leadership communicated any decision to the department on", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00108-00065670-00066156": "the leopard again I'd refer you to the Germans I don't have anything to provide today again we've", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00109-00066156-00066726": "had productive conversations uh we value Germany very much as an ally you heard secretary Austin", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00110-00066726-00067398": "talk about this in his press conference Germany has committed a a large amount of resources to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00111-00067398-00067980": "Ukraine to assist in their fight and we continue to Value their their relationship that we have is", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00112-00067980-00068394": "Germany and we'll continue to communicate with them very regularly as one of our staunchest", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00113-00068394-00069036": "and strongest allies Joseph uh just to go back on the joint exercise with the Israeli military", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00114-00069192-00069852": "um I understand there's sort of there's a dynamic Force employment there so um what message is this", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00115-00069852-00070440": "sending to allies in the region that the us is going to get in it has troops to be able to get in", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00116-00070440-00070914": "uh and get out show that's still committed to not only to Israel but its other allies in the region", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00117-00070914-00071532": "and also is there any message that's being sent to Iran in these exercises yeah so uh to answer", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00118-00071532-00072246": "your your last question up front no this is not meant to be oriented around any single adversary", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00119-00072246-00072846": "or threat as you know the United States maintains many relationships in the Middle East region with", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00120-00072846-00073452": "many countries Israel is one of our closest Partners in the region and as I mentioned", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00121-00073452-00073980": "this gives us the opportunity to work together to increase interoperability to be able to respond", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00122-00073980-00074562": "to a variety of contingencies and threats so that should we need to operate together we can", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00123-00074562-00075354": "do so seamlessly and um in terms of messages to to other allies in the region well well again I", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00124-00075354-00075924": "mean just broadly speaking um it demonstrates the fact that the United States is a reliable partner", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00125-00075924-00076302": "that we're going to continue to work together to ensure the security and the stability of", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00126-00076302-00076782": "the region as you know we also conduct bilateral exercises with many other countries in the region", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00127-00076782-00077430": "and so this one in particular is obviously the the largest of its kind and we look forward to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00128-00077430-00078036": "working with Israel as we further increase our security relationship and our interoperability sir", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00129-00078036-00078624": "sir if I could just follow up on that on Juniper Oak the exercises to include mid-air refueling", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00130-00078678-00079128": "and I believe a live fire drill encompassing quote the full Target engagement cycle including the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00131-00079128-00079548": "suppression of enemy air defenses Strategic Air interdiction and electronic attacks according to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00132-00079548-00080142": "senior defense official um is this indicative of a shift to a to a deterrent posture by the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00133-00080142-00080820": "U.S with regards to Iran's nuclear program again this exercise is focused on interoperability and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00134-00080820-00081582": "strengthening our security relationship in terms of working together and as evidenced by uh you", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00135-00081582-00082182": "know most recently the counter Isis campaign the ability to pull Air Forces together seamlessly and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00136-00082182-00082710": "operate in a way that is going to be effective is vital and so this is one aspect of that although", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00137-00082710-00083340": "the exercise is obviously more than than just about air power and so again it's not intended", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00138-00083340-00083838": "to be focused on any one single adversary or threat it's all about working together thank", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00139-00083838-00084234": "you let me go to Oren I just had I was wondering if I could follow up and get an update on the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00140-00084234-00084702": "combined arms training because that was I think planned for about a month for each group of 500", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00141-00084702-00085134": "is the first group nearing the completion of that training is there planning for a second", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00142-00085134-00085752": "tranche of Ukrainian troops just to begin that yeah so uh the training has begun it started", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00143-00085752-00086526": "mid-January uh as we talked about and so uh again um estimate that the training will last about six", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00144-00086526-00087144": "weeks so once those once that training is complete obviously those forces will go back into Ukraine", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00145-00087144-00087702": "we do maintain the capability to continue that program so it's not a one and done type of program", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00146-00087702-00088308": "and so that'll be Ukraine's decision in terms of providing additional forces to go through", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00147-00088308-00088680": "that cycle we certainly expect them to do that but at the end of the day that's their decision", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00148-00088680-00089142": "given the situation on the ground okay let me go to the phone here real quick Howard Altman", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00149-00089238-00089802": "thanks Pat I've got uh two questions one uh return to the tanks and one on the Ukrainian Air Force", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00150-00089802-00090552": "on the tanks this is not just no question as you discussed providing Abrams to Ukraine how", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00151-00090552-00091176": "much did the issue of the Optics of seeing these things blown up in the battlefield uh play into", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00152-00091176-00091578": "any of the decision making that the Pentagon has gone through that's my question on the tax", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00153-00091692-00092178": "um question on the Air Force the Air Force spokesman for Ukraine said this morning that that", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00154-00092178-00092772": "the type of aircraft that the U.S will provide to Ukraine has been determined can you talk about", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00155-00092772-00093330": "that has that been determined and if so what kind yeah thanks Howard so on on your first question", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00156-00093330-00093924": "again um I know it's not a hypothetical but I don't have anything to announce in terms of m1s", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00157-00094026-00094692": "um you know the capabilities that we have provided to Ukraine and the capability capabilities that we", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00158-00094692-00095334": "will provide to Ukraine in the future uh are not about Optics they're about combat capability and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00159-00095334-00095820": "enabling them to have the best chance possible to be successful on the battlefield whether it's", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00160-00095820-00096372": "defending territory or taking back Sovereign territory and then in terms of the the Press", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00161-00096372-00097026": "reporting on the U.S providing aircraft uh again I don't have anything to announce on that front", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00162-00097026-00097536": "I'm not aware of any Ukrainian Pilots currently training in the United States to my knowledge", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00163-00097536-00098274": "despite what those uh Foreign Press reports were saying nor again do I have anything to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00164-00098274-00098784": "announce when it comes to aircraft as we've said all along we're going to continue to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00165-00098784-00099378": "have a robust discussion with the ukrainians on what their defense needs that includes the near", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00166-00099378-00099918": "term the medium term and the long term thank you all right let me go to Patrick Tucker defense one", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00167-00100146-00100620": "Howard you want to you want to finish real quick yeah just one thanks Pat just quick can you say", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00168-00100620-00101064": "whether the Ukrainian Air Force spokesman was wrong about that I'd refer you the Ukrainian", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00169-00101064-00101790": "spokesperson I'm not going to speak on his behalf thank you Patrick thanks Pat so the question of", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00170-00101790-00102264": "Maintenance has come up a lot in discussions about what the United States will send or or", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00171-00102264-00102816": "won't send and maintenance obviously goes better when you have contracted maintainers from uh", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00172-00102816-00103332": "actual manufacturers so right now in Ukraine the ministry of defense is using starlink for", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00173-00103332-00103854": "satellite Communications and SpaceX has actual contractors on the ground we know that they're", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00174-00103854-00104328": "using data visualization tools from palantir we know that palantir has contractors on the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00175-00104328-00104783": "ground to my knowledge a lot of the great big defense contractors that are providing kinetic", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00176-00104783-00105342": "or tactical things don't have uh contractors on the ground so understanding that every company", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00177-00105342-00106038": "makes their own decision on this does DOD have a policy to encourage or discourage companies", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00178-00106038-00106692": "from sending just contracted employees for the purposes of maintaining equipment uh and and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00179-00106692-00107256": "second part is that something that you're talking to uh defense contractors about especially as the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00180-00107256-00107916": "number of things you're sending grows more diverse thanks Pat so I'm not aware of any DOD policy", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00181-00107916-00108635": "per se in terms of private companies and making decisions on whether or not to send contractors", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00182-00108635-00109188": "into Ukraine I'd refer you to the state department because certainly anytime U.S citizens are going", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00183-00109188-00109698": "to travel into a foreign country particularly one that's an active combat zone I have no doubt that", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00184-00109698-00110400": "they would reach out to a state to get any type of guidance as you know our Focus has been on", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00185-00110400-00111174": "providing the remote consultations in terms of Maintenance considerations with the ukrainians", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00186-00111174-00111744": "doing the actual maintenance themselves do you think it would help to have some of these", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00187-00111744-00112194": "companies if they could figure out how to do it send maintenance contractors in to help some of", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00188-00112194-00112626": "these issues about that Aid the discussions about what to send or how to even maintain this stuff", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00189-00112709-00113135": "I'm sorry Pat you kind of broke up there at the beginning can can you re-ask that yeah", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00190-00113135-00113561": "do you think it would help uh if some of these contractors these defense companies could figure", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00191-00113561-00114059": "out a way to send maintenance Personnel or other technical experts into the country do you think", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00192-00114059-00114708": "it would help the uh the overall effort well that that's really a decision for individual companies", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00193-00114708-00115398": "to make in terms of the systems that Ukraine has purchased and how how they maintain them again", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00194-00115398-00116340": "from a Department of Defense standpoint our focus is on assisting with providing the equipment and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00195-00116340-00117096": "then again providing remote telesupport or support outside of the country where it makes sense let", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00196-00117096-00117558": "me go ahead and go to Liz and then go to Travis so we've spent a lot of time talking about the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00197-00117558-00118200": "maintenance that the Abrams Tanks would need so I want to ask you about what would they add to the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00198-00118200-00118632": "battlefield what's good about them why would the ukrainians want them why would the U.S send them", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00199-00118764-00119633": "um again without getting into hypotheticals um you know the the M1 is a very capable Battlefield", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00200-00119633-00120492": "platform it's also a very complex capability and so like anything that we're providing to Ukraine", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00201-00120492-00121116": "we want to ensure that they have the ability ability to maintain it sustain it to train on", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00202-00121116-00121842": "it and again I'm not making any announcements on on any m1s or any other new capabilities", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00203-00121842-00122376": "today just one follow-up on that at the after the Ukraine defense contact group secretary", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00204-00122376-00123066": "Austin said that the U.S if the U.S sends tanks that's not related to if Germany chooses to send", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00205-00123066-00123558": "tanks does that still remain true well I think you heard the German defense minister I want to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00206-00123558-00124050": "say it was Thursday night in an interview said that there is no linkage between leopard tanks", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00207-00124050-00124806": "and M1 tanks they're certainly not from a U.S or a DOD standpoint Germany's decision whether", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00208-00124806-00125346": "or not to send leopards is a sovereign decision and we respect that thank you Travis thanks Pat", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00209-00125346-00126042": "um two questions first one's relatively simple how many M1 Abrams tanks are in the U.S inventory and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00210-00126042-00126659": "the second question is is there any update on the Patriot training at Fort Sill I think the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00211-00126659-00127080": "original estimate was it would take three or four months to complete that but I think there", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00212-00127080-00127650": "was a desire to compress that training and to do it more quickly especially since Russia may", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00213-00127650-00128190": "be planning an offensive in Ukraine is there any update on whether it could be a company", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00214-00128190-00128759": "quickly yeah so on your latter question first we've said that it will take several months", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00215-00128759-00129372": "which is an expedited training program right so given the fact that these are air Defenders", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00216-00129372-00130038": "already with real world experience given the fact that they're not going into the US Army per se so", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00217-00130038-00130530": "there's certain aspects that can be tailored since they're not going into our formations", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00218-00130530-00131202": "so that already is an expedited approach again we're not going to talk about the specifics on", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00219-00131202-00131808": "when that Patriot system will appear in Ukraine other than to say again several months and that's", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00220-00131808-00132276": "about as specific as I can be and then I'm sorry your first question uh first question was how many", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00221-00132276-00132768": "m1s are in the U.S inventory so I'd have to refer you to the Army on that I don't have any numbers", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00222-00132768-00133254": "right in front of me thank you Tony I have a couple questions in that tank related when you're", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00223-00133254-00133674": "talking about discussions with the ukrainians about the capabilities they can use right now", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00224-00133776-00134178": "about two months ago and as part of the Ukraine security and security initiative", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00225-00134178-00134802": "a Security package you mentioned satellite committee satcominals weeks later there's been", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00226-00134802-00135366": "no contract where does that stand since that's a capability they can use right now sure well and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00227-00135366-00135978": "and to be clear they have satellite communication capability right now right so that was announced", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00228-00135978-00136620": "as a usai package which traditionally is going to be have a longer lead term in terms of announcing", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00229-00136620-00137262": "the intent to purchase this capability or this contract this service and then going through the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00230-00137262-00137814": "normal acquisition process in terms of making an announcement so to my knowledge we have not", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00231-00137814-00138372": "announced the awarding of a contract yet when we do as you know we'll post that to defense.gov", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00232-00138438-00138966": "different region of the world Afghanistan nobody thinks about it now but the GOP members in the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00233-00138966-00139590": "house have pretty much signaled they're going to have hearings and the withdrawal that after", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00234-00139590-00140052": "action report that you guys classified and you won't release to the pulp for the public is there", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00235-00140052-00140640": "any steps now to declassify that in anticipation that you're going to get requested subpoenaed or", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00236-00140640-00141192": "pushed by the GOP to give them the document yeah so I don't I have any updates on the report as", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00237-00141192-00141786": "you highlight it was a classified report produced for internal purposes but when and if we have any", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00238-00141786-00142326": "updates on that we'll be sure to let you know well if you get a request from the hill certainly will", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00239-00142326-00142968": "work closely with Congress to meet any legitimate requests for information that they provide yes", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00240-00142968-00144018": "sirensky has fired some several top Ukraine officials because of Corruptions and that's", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00241-00144018-00144642": "come as they are facing this corruption in Scandal that appears to be linked to Korean government's", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00242-00144642-00145380": "military supplies throughout the world so how much that will impact on the military assistance in the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00243-00145380-00145860": "middle of the world Ukraine thanks for the question so uh you know when it comes to the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00244-00145860-00146352": "internal personnel management of the Ukrainian government I'd refer you to Ukraine I would say", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00245-00146352-00147006": "from a Department of Defense standpoint we're not aware of any type of widespread issues regarding", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00246-00147006-00147594": "corruption that would that would negatively impact the the fight and I would also highlight as", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00247-00147594-00148140": "evidenced by the situation on the ground and the progress that they made ukrainians continue to be", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00248-00148140-00148740": "very very focused on deterring Russia defending their territory and taking back territory where", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00249-00148740-00149562": "they can yes you can thank you sir um said in a statement that Russia leadership preparing", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00250-00149562-00150396": "for revenge and amassing forces what do you think this headed next where do I think the conflict is", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00251-00150396-00150906": "headed next well I mean Russia's been very clear that they're still committed to the Strategic", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00252-00150906-00151386": "objectives that they set out for themselves at the beginning of their Invasion which is", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00253-00151386-00152148": "to completely conquer and eliminate Ukraine as a country so the United States our allies and our", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00254-00152148-00152712": "International partners are focused on providing Ukraine with the security assistance they need to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00255-00152712-00153246": "prevent that from happening and so far Russia has failed and accomplishing its strategic objectives", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00256-00153246-00153714": "and so we're going to continue to support Ukraine for as long as it takes thank you Joe", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00257-00153858-00154794": "uh could you confirm uh if the Pentagon has used its stockpile of ammunitions in Israel to keep the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00258-00154794-00155514": "flow of weapons uh for the ukrainians yeah thanks Joe so uh for operation security reasons we're not", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00259-00155514-00156156": "going to talk about where particular equipment or material comes from that we use to replenish", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00260-00156156-00156684": "our own stockpiles thank you all right let me go to the phone here Jeff shogle task and purpose", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00261-00156768-00157284": "uh thank you I realize you referred my colleague's question about whether Germany", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00262-00157284-00157806": "has informed the United States that's sending leopard tanks to the German government but we", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00263-00157806-00158310": "live at the tyranny of time and distance and it's 7 30 p.m there and trying to get a hold", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00264-00158310-00158802": "of a German government official after hours is difficult so I would like to re-ask the question", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00265-00158802-00159468": "has does the defense department have any sort of notification from the German government that", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00266-00159468-00160140": "it intends to give Ukraine leopard two tanks yep thanks thanks Jeff um uh despite the time", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00267-00160140-00160680": "difference uh my response will remain the same that I'm not going to speak for the the German", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00268-00160680-00161418": "government we do of course maintain uh ongoing and robust dialogue with one another as as allies but", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00269-00161418-00162012": "I don't have anything to announce from the podium here thank you let me go to Alex Washington Post", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00270-00162444-00162600": "hey Pat thanks", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00271-00162834-00163446": "um is said a few times now um that you're focused on immediate Battlefield needs um", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00272-00163446-00163908": "but you've had some foot-stopping a moments saying you know medium and long-term things", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00273-00163980-00164568": "um to bolster their uh defense so are you suggesting that the M1 figure into a longer", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00274-00164568-00165150": "term usai like kind of a couple years out type of strategy um and then I have a question about", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00275-00165150-00165810": "M1 capability yeah thanks Alex uh so again when it comes to the M1 I don't have anything to announce", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00276-00165918-00166728": "um you know you've heard us talk in the past about the capability that the M1 brings to the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00277-00166728-00167280": "U.S forces you've also heard us talk about the maintenance and training associated with it uh", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00278-00167280-00167700": "the complex maintenance associated with it but you've heard us also talk about other", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00279-00167700-00168504": "capabilities uh that that when it comes to their the medium and long term uh defense of", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00280-00168504-00169182": "Ukraine that we're going to keep all options on the table so nothing to announce today and when", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00281-00169182-00169914": "and if we do we'll be sure to let you know okay and then you had one more I'm sorry yeah um you", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00282-00169914-00170526": "know Colin Colin and others have talked about the fuel burden um specifically because it takes jp8", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00283-00170622-00171276": "um so the system is a multi-fuel system so I'm kind of curious if you can clarify if", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00284-00171276-00172104": "this is a type of fuel problem or that is just a fuel burning in general issue uh again I'm not", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00285-00172104-00172728": "going to get into specifics on a system that we uh haven't uh said that we're providing to Ukraine or", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00286-00172728-00173238": "hypotheticals but we just take a step back here and look at the situation on the ground right", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00287-00173238-00173760": "now in Ukraine uh and and our Focus you know as we talked about coming out of the contact", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00288-00173760-00174252": "group on the kinds of capabilities that Ukraine needs in the immediate term to be successful on", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00289-00174252-00174942": "the battlefield going into spring particularly as Russia continues to recruit refit and re-energize", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00290-00174942-00175788": "their efforts to conduct a a an offensive so uh that that will still remain a a very important", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00291-00175788-00176418": "Focus but we also have said that we're going to support Ukraine for as long as it takes and so", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00292-00176418-00177066": "we're going to continue to have those discussions with Ukraine our allies and our partners on on how", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00293-00177066-00177588": "best to support them for the the near medium and long term all right let me go to costume", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00294-00177588-00178602": "says that and the current stockpiles of the United States would not be sufficient for a", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00295-00178602-00179370": "wartime environment specifically mentioning such as a war with China and Taiwan Strait the U.S use", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00296-00179370-00179988": "of ammunition would likely exceed the current stockpiles of the U.S departmental defense do", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00297-00179988-00180642": "you have any comment on the report and can you say that the U.S military is still ready to fight", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00298-00180642-00181524": "two major Wars in two different geographies and sustain the wars yeah no no comment to provide on", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00299-00181524-00182100": "the report you know the Department of Defense is a planning organization if you look at the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00300-00182100-00182676": "national defense strategy it makes it very clear in there that China will continue to be the pacing", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00301-00182676-00183450": "challenge by which we develop our budgets by which we design our Doctrine and conduct our training", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00302-00183450-00184152": "and so yes I am confident that regardless of what the situation is uh worldwide as we've done", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00303-00184152-00184788": "for a very long time the United States military will be able to be prepared to support whatever", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00304-00184788-00185676": "requirements we're asked to support and also of course you have been saying that you are in", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00305-00185676-00186324": "a robust discussion with Ukraine and with other partners to to meet the needs of ukrainians and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00306-00186324-00187302": "ukrainees are saying that they are they need tanks right away right now in the for the war you we", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00307-00187302-00187932": "have seen that you were pushing back against tanks mentioning maintenance mentioning sustainment", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00308-00188100-00188844": "but at the same time we see that the the this this pushback it has softened a little bit or", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00309-00188844-00189528": "did it has has anything changed in in the war or was it more of a political discussion and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00310-00189528-00190314": "political decision was need to be made actually no again uh I mean as evidenced by the the 26 billion", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00311-00190314-00190914": "dollars that the United States has provided to Ukraine and security assistance uh significant", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00312-00190914-00191628": "security assistance that has helped them to make progress in the battlefield those are that is the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00313-00191628-00192126": "result of discussions that we continue to have with their leadership discussions we continue", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00314-00192126-00192768": "to have with our allies and partners in terms of what can we provide to Ukraine to enable them to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00315-00192768-00193308": "quickly succeed on the battlefield and I think the results speak for themselves if you go back to the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00316-00193308-00193854": "beginning of the campaign when Russia was on the outskirts of Kiev and you look at how far back", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00317-00193854-00194514": "Russia's been pushed and the fact that Ukraine is still standing in this fight and that they're", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00318-00194514-00195084": "poised to continue to be successful and so again we'll continue to have those conversations we just", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00319-00195084-00195684": "came back from the Ukraine defense contact group at Ramstein with nearly 50 Nations represented", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00320-00195684-00196374": "it was the large largest tally of support so far which I think demonstrates that the International", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00321-00196374-00197010": "Community is still unified and resolved to support Ukraine in their fight thank you take a couple", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00322-00197010-00197610": "more Matt and then real without getting into any possible announcements regarding tanks for Ukraine", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00323-00197610-00198162": "can you talk it all about the process by which the department requests new Abrams tanks from industry", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00324-00198162-00198654": "and how long that takes how long does it take for the department to get a new Abrams how long would", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00325-00198654-00199272": "it take to get I don't know 30 to 50. Matt I appreciate the question at this point that's", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00326-00199272-00199794": "a hypothetical and I've got no announcements to make today regarding M1 so thank you appreciate", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00327-00199794-00200244": "it last question bro and then I'll go I'm sorry last question would be Joe thanks thank you uh", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00328-00200244-00200742": "the secretary will travel to the Philippines in the coming weeks so could you tell us about the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00329-00200742-00201366": "Strategic importance of the Philippines from the pentagon's perspective to respond to a taiwan's", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00330-00201366-00202128": "threat contingency in the future yep thanks Rue um so in terms of potential Taiwan contingency", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00331-00202128-00202662": "again I'm I'm not going to get into hypotheticals I will say when it comes to the Philippines uh", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00332-00202662-00203256": "they're one of our oldest and strongest allies in the region uh we have a as you know a very", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00333-00203256-00203916": "proud history of joint uh and Allied training uh with our Philippine allies and and exercises and", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00334-00203916-00204516": "so this Alliance plays an indispensable role uh in upholding a rules-based international order", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00335-00204516-00205019": "and promoting the common values of American and Filipino people so the secretary is looking very", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00336-00205019-00205482": "forward to his upcoming visit we'll have more information to provide on that in the very near", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00337-00205482-00205980": "future thank you very much thank you very much Lisa oh Joe last one sir thanks um just to follow", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00338-00205980-00206562": "up on costumes question about the csis report and some of the questions that it raises um given the", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00339-00206562-00207210": "the sheer numbers of Munitions that are being expended in in Ukraine has does the Pentagon", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00340-00207354-00207960": "um has it has it changed its assumptions at all about the way the the numbers of Munitions that", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00341-00207960-00208650": "it needs and and have those assumptions affected any operations funds is the Pentagon revising", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00342-00208650-00209136": "operations plans based on what's happening in in Ukraine and the numbers of Munitions being", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00343-00209136-00209862": "expended yeah thanks thanks for that um so let me let me just kind of start big picture here so when", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00344-00209862-00210564": "it comes to operations plans um for operation security reasons classification Reasons I'm not", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00345-00210564-00210966": "going to discuss those kinds of specifics other than to say and you've heard me talk about this", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00346-00210966-00211380": "before we're not going to do anything that's going to affect our Readiness or our ability", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00347-00211380-00212069": "to meet our national security requirements and so when it comes to being able to ensure that", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00348-00212069-00212628": "we can support Ukraine but also meet our own Readiness needs there are ongoing and active", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00349-00212628-00213048": "discussions as part of this process to ensure that we have what we need and that we can continue to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00350-00213048-00213821": "replenish our stocks and so if you go back in time a year ago before this Invasion certainly", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00351-00213821-00214428": "I mean President Putin himself said that they were not going to invade Ukraine and and then", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00352-00214428-00214938": "he did and so you saw very quickly the U.S and the International Community come together to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00353-00214938-00215556": "be able to meet Ukraine's needs and so that then by default requires a reevaluation of", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00354-00215556-00216371": "certain assumptions about capacity production Etc which is why you've seen the the dod doctoral", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00355-00216371-00216840": "plant for example helping to lead the national armaments directors meetings to look at exactly", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00356-00216840-00217254": "those types of questions what are the things that we need to do what are the assumptions that we", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00357-00217254-00217662": "made what are the things that we need to do to work very closely with industry but also with", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00358-00217662-00218436": "one another to ensure that we can replenish or stock produce to make sure that we can continue to", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00359-00218436-00219066": "support Ukraine but also replenish our stocks and meet our Readiness needs so the Ukraine contact", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00360-00219066-00219690": "group again not to belabor the point but this has been an absolutely essential Forum by which to do", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00361-00219690-00220254": "these kinds of things instead of bilateral relationships between individual countries", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00362-00220254-00220794": "and Ukraine and Ukraine having to figure it all out the contact group has has proven to be an", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00363-00220794-00221352": "incredibly successful mechanism by which to bring these countries together to look at Ukraine's", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00364-00221352-00221873": "needs to identify how we can best support and then as quickly as possible get them the security", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00365-00221873-00222569": "assistance they need concurrently with looking at what our material and resource requirements", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00366-00222569-00223223": "are and how we can best Leverage The International networks and Global industrial base to meet those", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00367-00223223-00223680": "and so again secretary Austin is very confident that we're doing the right things to ensure", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00368-00223680-00224171": "that we can sustain Readiness both now and into the long term while at the same time supporting", "4JGTpKhkQyY-00369-00224171-00224598": "Ukraine for as long as it takes thank you all right thanks very much everybody appreciate it"}}, {"audio_id": "4JKKNBged8E", "text": {"4JKKNBged8E-00000-00000624-00001062": "Purdue is ranked nationally in the top 20 for LGBTQ-Friendly schools", "4JKKNBged8E-00001-00001062-00001302": "and number 1 in the state of Indiana.", "4JKKNBged8E-00002-00001302-00001795": "And a big reason for that is Purdue’s Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Center.", "4JKKNBged8E-00003-00001795-00002238": "As you enter, you’re welcomed by a large, study space and multipurpose room where every", "4JKKNBged8E-00004-00002238-00002661": "Friday, during the academic year, the center hosts Fabulous Fridays.", "4JKKNBged8E-00005-00002661-00003184": "The LGBTQ center is a dedicated Safe Zone that provides an inclusive and affirming location", "4JKKNBged8E-00006-00003184-00003344": "on campus for all.", "4JKKNBged8E-00007-00003344-00003876": "One of the signature programs of the LGBTQ center are the trainings and workshops that we do.", "4JKKNBged8E-00008-00003876-00004188": "You may know them as Safe Zone or Trans-Inclusion Training.", "4JKKNBged8E-00009-00004189-00004561": "These are opportunities for the entire campus community.", "4JKKNBged8E-00010-00004561-00005098": "Global education is critical, and we try to emphasize the understanding of LGBTQ lives", "4JKKNBged8E-00011-00005098-00005306": "and histories through a global window.", "4JKKNBged8E-00012-00005306-00005753": "And so, we take students on a 6 week, 6 credit hour study abroad opportunity.", "4JKKNBged8E-00013-00005753-00006117": "Off the main lounge you’ll find meeting rooms, and a university supported computer", "4JKKNBged8E-00014-00006117-00006217": "lab.", "4JKKNBged8E-00015-00006217-00006650": "The center also maintains an extensive library and displays a collection of original artwork", "4JKKNBged8E-00016-00006650-00007156": "and artifacts that communicates an all-too-often hidden history.", "4JKKNBged8E-00017-00007156-00007609": "With over 9000 visits a year, the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Center,", "4JKKNBged8E-00018-00007609-00008048": "has become a popular destination not only for the LGBTQ community", "4JKKNBged8E-00019-00008048-00008268": "but for the entire Purdue campus.", "4JKKNBged8E-00020-00008269-00008610": "The LGBTQ center is here to support and help you.", "4JKKNBged8E-00021-00008610-00008747": "Please visit us today!"}}, {"audio_id": "4JVGA72pdjg", "text": {"4JVGA72pdjg-00000-00000796-00001292": "Good morning, yes, in reality it is already afternoon here, I woke up very recently, it", "4JVGA72pdjg-00001-00001292-00001392": "is", "4JVGA72pdjg-00002-00001392-00002538": "noon yes, and therefore I would say more good afternoon than good morning, mr, master, maestro", "4JVGA72pdjg-00003-00002538-00002655": "or", "4JVGA72pdjg-00004-00002655-00002891": "simply or", "4JVGA72pdjg-00005-00002891-00003266": "simply David Lynch?", "4JVGA72pdjg-00006-00003266-00005137": "It's April 6, 2022 and it's a Wednesday.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00007-00005137-00005468": "And here in Naples a", "4JVGA72pdjg-00008-00005468-00006481": "middle morning, but more cloudy morning, but very still right now, 62.6 fahrenheit around", "4JVGA72pdjg-00009-00006481-00006581": "17", "4JVGA72pdjg-00010-00006581-00006870": "celsius and this means that is that day really, really, really, really soft like in these", "4JVGA72pdjg-00011-00006870-00006970": "days and", "4JVGA72pdjg-00012-00006970-00007122": "in this period.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00013-00007122-00007919": "As for the video-thought as usual I do it separate from this one,", "4JVGA72pdjg-00014-00007919-00008618": "so if anyone is interested eye.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00015-00008618-00009682": "Anyway as he and you all just see from the window:", "4JVGA72pdjg-00016-00009682-00010802": "yes, let's say the temperature this afternoon, but anyway it's already afternoon now, I believe", "4JVGA72pdjg-00017-00010802-00010902": "it", "4JVGA72pdjg-00018-00010902-00011870": "we will keep on this level here, but the important thing with this atmosphere is that, yes you", "4JVGA72pdjg-00019-00011870-00012395": "you see a light sun but in reality the sky is very overcast, I don't know if you can", "4JVGA72pdjg-00020-00012395-00012704": "see well and therefore for", "4JVGA72pdjg-00021-00012704-00013136": "me we aren't going to be enjoying those beautiful blue skies and golden sunshine.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00022-00013136-00013236": "Indeed how", "4JVGA72pdjg-00023-00013236-00013459": "I said this sun comes and goes.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00024-00013459-00013794": "I think the sky will be covered even more by clouds.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00025-00013794-00014228": "Obviously I hope there will be those beautiful blue skies and golden sunshine but there", "4JVGA72pdjg-00026-00014228-00014328": "I see impossible.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00027-00014328-00014738": "What can I say, as I say through my cult phrase \"obviously things can", "4JVGA72pdjg-00028-00014738-00014962": "always change at any moment but as always we'll see \"", "4JVGA72pdjg-00029-00014962-00015062": "impossible.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00030-00015062-00015776": "So I'm not going to say the final sentences with emphasis, so, said this:", "4JVGA72pdjg-00031-00015776-00016126": "so from the mythical window with the colored courtain, certainly not sublime but still", "4JVGA72pdjg-00032-00016126-00016226": "beautiful,", "4JVGA72pdjg-00033-00016226-00016903": "thanks always to the framing, to this light and to the colors of the curtain itself, and", "4JVGA72pdjg-00034-00016903-00017019": "its green roller", "4JVGA72pdjg-00035-00017019-00017782": "shooter behind me, on the top not visible and in fact here in the shot", "4JVGA72pdjg-00036-00017782-00018084": "and finally from my mythical keyboard Yamaha DGX640 YPG-625", "4JVGA72pdjg-00037-00018084-00019853": "have a great day him, all the people who follow the channel and the reports, I repeat it's", "4JVGA72pdjg-00038-00019853-00019953": "sunny", "4JVGA72pdjg-00039-00019953-00020542": "but it's very cloudy, so I don't say the sentences with emphasis, otherwise I would have.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00040-00020542-00020660": "But also have", "4JVGA72pdjg-00041-00020660-00021551": "a great breakfast everyone, I'll make it shortly, my stomach rumbles, I don't know yours.", "4JVGA72pdjg-00042-00021551-00021651": "Yup,", "4JVGA72pdjg-00043-00021651-00021951": "see you at the video-thoughts in case I do or tomorrow!"}}, {"audio_id": "4JbOjGz27mc", "text": {"4JbOjGz27mc-00000-00000616-00000889": "- Well, I grew up in Russellville, Alabama,", "4JbOjGz27mc-00001-00000889-00001041": "which is a really, really small town", "4JbOjGz27mc-00002-00001041-00001214": "in the top northwest corner of the state.", "4JbOjGz27mc-00003-00001214-00001448": "I decided to go to the University of Alabama", "4JbOjGz27mc-00004-00001448-00001730": "because I had decided pretty late in the game,", "4JbOjGz27mc-00005-00001730-00002018": "when I was about 16 that I wanted to be an actor.", "4JbOjGz27mc-00006-00002018-00002240": "That was the calling on my life.", "4JbOjGz27mc-00007-00002240-00002526": "So I was looking at schools,", "4JbOjGz27mc-00008-00002526-00002643": "I was doing a bunch of research,", "4JbOjGz27mc-00009-00002643-00002931": "and I realized that the University of Alabama", "4JbOjGz27mc-00010-00002931-00003220": "had one of the best theater departments.", "4JbOjGz27mc-00011-00003220-00003397": "I said, well that's where I need to go,", "4JbOjGz27mc-00012-00003397-00003683": "and I auditioned to get a scholarship", "4JbOjGz27mc-00013-00003683-00003840": "for the theater department.", "4JbOjGz27mc-00014-00003840-00004111": "I ended up getting an academic scholarship as well,", "4JbOjGz27mc-00015-00004111-00004411": "and that's how it came to be,", "4JbOjGz27mc-00016-00004411-00004720": "me on the computer, trying to find the best place to go,", "4JbOjGz27mc-00017-00004720-00004955": "and I found this gem.", "4JbOjGz27mc-00018-00004955-00005214": "(upbeat music)"}}, {"audio_id": "4KiomovVZ7A", "text": {"4KiomovVZ7A-00000-00000012-00000546": "Welcome to Canberra - known for their aggressive road signs. Drink, drive,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00001-00000546-00001170": "die in a ditch. Alcohol + speed. Dead ahead. Drive n text, u b next.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00002-00001260-00001680": "We didn’t visit just for the signs and backwards sentences. Looking at you,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00003-00001680-00002166": "Lane one form. Being just three hours away from Sydney, we decided to explore", "4KiomovVZ7A-00004-00002166-00002634": "the laidback Australian capital for a week. Stay tuned to see what Canberra has to offer,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00005-00002634-00002904": "including a story where I got attacked by a magpie.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00006-00004005-00004223": "Located somewherebetween  Sydney and Melbourne,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00007-00004223-00004587": "Canberra ishome to more than 400,000 inhabitants.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00008-00004587-00005106": "This is where you’ll find the Parliament, embassies, museums and many federal government institutions.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00009-00005532-00005946": "Looking carefully at a map of the city, you’ll notice excessive use of symmetry,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00010-00005946-00006444": "circles and straight lines. Canberra is a planned city, meaning it’s specifically", "4KiomovVZ7A-00011-00006444-00006978": "designed and built to be a capital. That’s why you’ll see long, straight roads and huge", "4KiomovVZ7A-00012-00006978-00007536": "roundabouts. Especially this one in the city centre, or the CBD as the Aussies call it.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00013-00007536-00007895": "Why do I have to walk along this hexagon when I want to cross straight through the city?", "4KiomovVZ7A-00014-00007950-00008454": "Don’t worry, the questionable urban planning didn’t ruin our trip. I had never been to a", "4KiomovVZ7A-00015-00008454-00008874": "planned capital before, as I’m used to the largest city in a country being the capital.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00016-00008874-00009402": "Seeing so many institutions, landmarks and embassies all in one place was interesting!", "4KiomovVZ7A-00017-00009462-00009882": "There are heaps of activities to do, such as: Visiting the city, go for a guided tour", "4KiomovVZ7A-00018-00009882-00010356": "at the Australian Parliament, check out the weekly markets, go hiking or even attend the", "4KiomovVZ7A-00019-00010356-00010902": "festivals arranged by the embassies. We visited the Thai embassy for their festival. Naturally,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00020-00010902-00011358": "I had to stop by the Norwegian embassy on the way. Only to be severely disappointed when it", "4KiomovVZ7A-00021-00011358-00011922": "looked like army barracks. A huge contrast to say, the Japanese embassy. But this is", "4KiomovVZ7A-00022-00011922-00012322": "not a top 10 embassy video! Instead, here’s a highlight of three things to do in Canberra.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00023-00012739-00013206": "I was pleasantly surprised by the amount of bicycle infrastructure. Even stretching out", "4KiomovVZ7A-00024-00013206-00013740": "to the suburbs. We were able to loan a bike from my partner’s local friends. Since it didn’t fit", "4KiomovVZ7A-00025-00013740-00014340": "in our car, I had to ride 16 km down to the city. Before I started pedaling, I was advised to wear", "4KiomovVZ7A-00026-00014340-00014850": "sunglasses. You know, just in case the magpies attack you. I had heard of the infamous magpie", "4KiomovVZ7A-00027-00014850-00015360": "swoop on cyclists, but I had never experienced it myself. Turns out, I didn’t have to wait for", "4KiomovVZ7A-00028-00015360-00015846": "too long. Just four minutes into the journey, I noticed a shadow of a bird hovering above me.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00029-00016614-00016962": "I don’t think I’ve ever pedaled that fast in my life before. Luckily,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00030-00016962-00017184": "it didn’t go for my eyes, but it was still a scary", "4KiomovVZ7A-00031-00017184-00017592": "experience. What felt like a minute was probably just 15 seconds in real life.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00032-00018094-00018672": "Up next, we decided to cycle a 17 km loop around Lake Burley Griffin. An artificial lake,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00033-00018672-00019146": "named after the American architect who designed the city. Apart from now being afraid of every", "4KiomovVZ7A-00034-00019146-00019656": "magpie I spotted whilst cycling, it was a lovely ride indeed. There are bike paths along the whole", "4KiomovVZ7A-00035-00019656-00020220": "route, almost completely separated by car traffic. I’d recommend cycling at a leisurely pace, as", "4KiomovVZ7A-00036-00020220-00020748": "there are plenty of photo opportunities. Just skip cooking anything on this barbecue in particular.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00037-00021318-00021768": "After a while, we spotted something familiar. I had never seen so many", "4KiomovVZ7A-00038-00021768-00022116": "kangaroos all in the same spot. Who knew they were into golfing?", "4KiomovVZ7A-00039-00022476-00022842": "I think someone’s tired, let’s move on to an indoor activity.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00040-00022956-00023418": "Going back to our map, you might notice a deliberately shaped triangle. That’s the", "4KiomovVZ7A-00041-00023418-00023802": "Parliamentary Triangle, containing some of Australia’s most significant buildings and", "4KiomovVZ7A-00042-00023802-00024378": "monuments. Most of them are located here. If we include this circle with the Parliament,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00043-00024378-00025020": "we get… a keyhole! Burley Griffin sure loved his geometric shapes and symbolisms.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00044-00025410-00025902": "Naturally, this part of Canberra has museums worth checking out. One highlight was the old", "4KiomovVZ7A-00045-00025902-00026477": "parliament, which was in use from 1927 to 1988. You don’t have to be into politics", "4KiomovVZ7A-00046-00026477-00026982": "to find it interesting. What captivated me were the attention to details. It properly", "4KiomovVZ7A-00047-00026982-00027377": "felt like travelling back in time, seeing how everyone worked in a different era.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00048-00028056-00028524": "We also found out that my partner would become the next prime minister. Stay tuned, folks.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00049-00028589-00028998": "Located just outside the keyhole, I’d also recommend going to the National Museum of", "4KiomovVZ7A-00050-00028998-00029442": "Australia. As a foreigner, it was nice learning more about Australian and Aboriginal history.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00051-00030824-00031301": "Visit the capital during spring time and you’ll be bombarded with flowers. There are so many", "4KiomovVZ7A-00052-00031301-00031800": "cherry blossoms dying to be photographed. The annual event Floriade was on during our stay.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00053-00031800-00032394": "It’s heavily marketed with heaps of flowers, live music and attractions. It felt a bit too", "4KiomovVZ7A-00054-00032394-00032844": "commercialized for our liking, especially with speakers hung on trees replicating bird sounds.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00055-00033144-00033564": "Definitely a family-friendly event, but don’t make it your sole reason to visit Canberra.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00056-00034056-00034266": "However, I would recommend checking out the", "4KiomovVZ7A-00057-00034266-00034884": "National Arbo–. (Google Translate voice: Arboretum) for their bonsai collection.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00058-00035921-00036453": "I haven’t talked much about the city itself. It’s a compact city with entertainment,restaurants and street art.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00059-00036487-00036706": "Stranger: You ready, you ready? Valuable picture!", "4KiomovVZ7A-00060-00036900-00037382": "You can get anywhereon foot or pedals,  you just have to avoid thisannoying roundabout.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00061-00037454-00037770": "There’s a strong sense of national and international pride in Canberra.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00062-00037770-00038298": "Everything feels grand, with huge buildings, monuments and symbolic urban planning. Even", "4KiomovVZ7A-00063-00038298-00038760": "the suburbs are kinda nice with the bicycle infrastructure and these iconic bus shelters.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00064-00038760-00039090": "If you’re staying in Sydney and want a weekend trip to a smaller city,", "4KiomovVZ7A-00065-00039090-00039606": "Canberra has lots to offer. The capital is reachable by car, bus, train or plane.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00066-00039678-00039891": "Just be careful if you’re driving.", "4KiomovVZ7A-00067-00039947-00040184": "PeopleDIE on  Australian Capital Territory roads."}}, {"audio_id": "4KCzVU69S7A", "text": {"4KCzVU69S7A-00000-00000130-00000270": "(male narrator) So now we're gonna encrypt the message:", "4KCzVU69S7A-00001-00000273-00000457": "\"Meet at First and Pine at midnight,\"", "4KCzVU69S7A-00002-00000460-00000817": "using a transposition cipher with rows eight characters long.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00003-00000820-00000977": "Specifically, we're gonna be using", "4KCzVU69S7A-00004-00000980-00001151": "a tabular transposition cipher.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00005-00001154-00001334": "Now a transposition cipher means", "4KCzVU69S7A-00006-00001337-00001601": "that instead of changing what the letters are,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00007-00001604-00001801": "like we do with substitution ciphers,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00008-00001805-00002001": "we're just gonna change the order", "4KCzVU69S7A-00009-00002005-00002192": "in which the characters appear.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00010-00002195-00002492": "In this case, we're gonna use rows and columns", "4KCzVU69S7A-00011-00002495-00002726": "and change the way we read them.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00012-00002729-00002892": "So what we're gonna do", "4KCzVU69S7A-00013-00002896-00003079": "is we're gonna write out this message", "4KCzVU69S7A-00014-00003083-00003246": "eight characters at a time.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00015-00003249-00003710": "So we're gonna write: meet...at...first...", "4KCzVU69S7A-00016-00003713-00003843": "What do we got:", "4KCzVU69S7A-00017-00003847-00004240": "one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, uh...eight...", "4KCzVU69S7A-00018-00004244-00004567": "[humming]", "4KCzVU69S7A-00019-00004571-00004844": "Notice, I'm leaving out, uh...", "4KCzVU69S7A-00020-00004848-00005278": "I'm leaving out the, um...the spaces.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00021-00005592-00005902": "And normally, I would, uh...do this", "4KCzVU69S7A-00022-00005905-00006336": "using all uppercase characters, uh...there we are.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00023-00006339-00006679": "So...meet at First and Pine at midnight.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00024-00006683-00006946": "Uh...notice we got a few spaces left here,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00025-00006950-00007253": "and so normally, we would, uh...pad the message,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00026-00007257-00007487": "which means make up some random characters.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00027-00007490-00007887": "So maybe I'll put...add a P, X, and an R in here,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00028-00007891-00008104": "uh...in order to fill it out.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00029-00008108-00008405": "So that is our message jotted down.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00030-00008408-00008655": "Now to create our encrypted text,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00031-00008658-00009049": "we are going to read... we're gonna rewrite the message", "4KCzVU69S7A-00032-00009052-00009386": "reading down the columns instead of across the columns.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00033-00009389-00009659": "So our encrypted message will be...", "4KCzVU69S7A-00034-00010513-00010717": "Right, again, I'm reading down the columns here,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00035-00010720-00010920": "so next, we're gonna have...", "4KCzVU69S7A-00036-00011698-00012038": "[laughs] And I'm gonna have to continue down here, uh...", "4KCzVU69S7A-00037-00012408-00012679": "And now, it would be really important here", "4KCzVU69S7A-00038-00012682-00012942": "to either eliminate all the spaces", "4KCzVU69S7A-00039-00012946-00013122": "or reposition the spaces", "4KCzVU69S7A-00040-00013126-00013390": "to hide the size of the table used,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00041-00013393-00013576": "because in this particular method,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00042-00013580-00013857": "this information is the encryption key.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00043-00013860-00014090": "That's the information you need to know", "4KCzVU69S7A-00044-00014094-00014344": "in order to either encrypt or decrypt the message.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00045-00014347-00014477": "Now notice that means", "4KCzVU69S7A-00046-00014481-00014744": "that we don't have a lot of encryption keys here,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00047-00014747-00014958": "unless if we had a really long message", "4KCzVU69S7A-00048-00014961-00015158": "and could change this quite a bit.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00049-00015161-00015465": "Um...but there are other versions of this encryption,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00050-00015468-00015652": "where instead of reading down the columns,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00051-00015655-00015812": "we could read up the columns,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00052-00015815-00016035": "or we could read diagnolly along the columns,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00053-00016039-00016336": "or we could read in a little spiral pattern.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00054-00016339-00016503": "So there are other, uh...versions", "4KCzVU69S7A-00055-00016506-00016803": "of this type of encryption that we could do.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00056-00016806-00017270": "Okay, so now let's see if we can decrypt a message the same way.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00057-00017273-00017470": "So in this case,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00058-00017474-00017747": "uh...because we note that this was created", "4KCzVU69S7A-00059-00017750-00018034": "using a transposition cipher with 20 characters long,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00060-00018037-00018328": "the first thing we need, uh... with rows five characters long.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00061-00018331-00018535": "The first thing we need to know", "4KCzVU69S7A-00062-00018538-00018835": "is how many total characters do I have here?", "4KCzVU69S7A-00063-00018838-00019102": "Uh...and in this case, I have 20 characters,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00064-00019105-00019412": "and if each row is five characters long,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00065-00019415-00019719": "that means I had four rows.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00066-00019722-00020150": "So now remember, this text came from the column,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00067-00020153-00020340": "and so to decrypt this,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00068-00020343-00020880": "I'm gonna write C, E, E, I down the first column.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00069-00020884-00021174": "And remember, I just figured out that there's four rows,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00070-00021177-00021508": "so I know to do it in groups of four.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00071-00021511-00021848": "So now I'm gonna continue this for the rest of the message.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00072-00021851-00022008": "And there we go.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00073-00022011-00022318": "Now that we have it written out in columns,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00074-00022322-00022766": "we can decrypt the message by reading across the rows.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00075-00022769-00023543": "So it looks like we've got: call me...call me...in...", "4KCzVU69S7A-00076-00023546-00024047": "T, H, E...the...morn-ing... morning.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00077-00024050-00024247": "And it looks like we got", "4KCzVU69S7A-00078-00024250-00024481": "a couple extra letters here-- V, W--", "4KCzVU69S7A-00079-00024484-00024728": "which are probably those padding characters", "4KCzVU69S7A-00080-00024731-00024928": "used to fill out the table.", "4KCzVU69S7A-00081-00024931-00025195": "So it looks like our encrypted message was,", "4KCzVU69S7A-00082-00025198-00025428": "\"Call me in the morning.\""}}, {"audio_id": "4KGCcnyuW8o", "text": {"4KGCcnyuW8o-00000-00001100-00001800": "Parineeti Chopra breaks the internet with her reaction to rumours of Sidharth Malhotra quitting Jabariya Jodi", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00001-00001900-00002840": "Parineeti Chopra's reaction to rumours of Sidharth Malhotra quitting Jabariya Jodi. Parineeti Chopra and Sidharth Malhotra’s upcoming film Jabariya Jodi has been making waves in the industry since the release of the first look posters of the film.", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00002-00002940-00003900": "From falling in love with Sidharth’s boy next door avatar to Parineeti’s infectious smile, people can’t stop talking about it. The movie is in the news lately for another reason that lead actor Sidharth Malhotra is quitting the film.", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00003-00004000-00004700": "When the rumour reached Parineeti’s ears, the actress had the most hilarious reaction. A leading publication said that Sidharth has chosen to walk out of the film for reasons lesser known to them.", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00004-00004800-00005980": "As the report spread and reached Parineeti, the actress was quick to put the rumours at ret and took to Twitter and wrote, “Oh no so then who is this boy posing as Sidharth on my set? I was just about to shoot a romantic scene with him!! ?? @S1dharthM.", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00005-00006080-00006980": "@ektaravikapoor is this a K serial twist I didn't know about?”. Oh no so then who is this boy posing as Sidharth on my set? I was just about to shoot a romantic scene with him!!.", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00006-00007080-00007780": "Isn’t she on point! But this did not end on this note but producer Ekta Kapoor joined the reaction in no time.", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00007-00007880-00008580": "She said, “Face change babes!! Wait for wat happens post d freeze !!!!!heehaww” Looks like the actor-producer duo know exactly how to entertain such rumours and stop them.", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00008-00008680-00009600": "After 'Hasee Toh Phasee', the Bollywood stars, Parineeti and Sidharth, are reuniting for producer Ekta Kapoor's next. Ekta Kapoor had earlier tweeted a picture of the film's clapboard announcing that the shooting for the film has begun.", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00009-00009700-00010600": "Calling it Balaji's 'funniest film', Ekta described the film as, \"Move over surprise parties.and make way for surprise shaadis.\" She even shared a video that worked as a promo of the film.    .", "4KGCcnyuW8o-00010-00010700-00011400": "Directed by Prashant Singh, 'Jabariya Jodi' is co-presented by Balaji Telefilms and Karma Media Entertainment. Reportedly, the film was earlier titled 'Shotgun Shaadi'."}}, {"audio_id": "4KJutYHtPbI", "text": {"4KJutYHtPbI-00000-00000884-00001518": "Hey everyone! Today I've got another camera gimbal to review- the Gudson Moza Air 2.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00001-00001530-00001886": "So I want to talk about my reviews first.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00002-00001910-00002390": "Tools like this, these are meant to be in the hands of someone with talent", "4KJutYHtPbI-00003-00002390-00002596": "who can make something beautiful with them.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00004-00002622-00002916": "Not sitting on my shelf getting dusty.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00005-00002950-00003124": "I have friends that help me shoot", "4KJutYHtPbI-00006-00003124-00003488": "or I show up and just hand someone a camera and offer a beer", "4KJutYHtPbI-00007-00003524-00004082": "but they aren't going to be able to get the best use out of something like this.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00008-00004094-00004532": "The Japanese have a great word- Mottainai (もったいない).", "4KJutYHtPbI-00009-00004574-00005114": "It means a sense of regret that something is being wasted.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00010-00005120-00005398": "I feel this when I see nice tools going unused.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00011-00005402-00005772": "Just used for decoration, or for face for the owner", "4KJutYHtPbI-00012-00005786-00006168": "when someone out there could really use it to make something wonderful.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00013-00006174-00006522": "It's...a little offensive.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00014-00006522-00006798": "The idea of that waste, it bothers me", "4KJutYHtPbI-00015-00006818-00007366": "and I thought since maybe it bothered you also I would explain that I don't hoard this stuff.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00016-00007438-00007822": "The reason I accepted this gimbal from Gudson as a review unit", "4KJutYHtPbI-00017-00007822-00008296": "is so we could have some fun seeing if amateurs could get something out of it.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00018-00008326-00009084": "But also so that I could then loan it to my friends in local university, real artists who can use it and need it.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00019-00009104-00009506": "The last gimbal I reviewed, the Moza Mini went to my friend Julie Sage", "4KJutYHtPbI-00020-00009524-00010196": "an amazing American teenager who vlogs about science and technology on her YouTube channel- 7 Sage Labs.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00021-00010216-00010636": "Please show your support and subscribe to her channel- link is in the description box.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00022-00010638-00011148": "I do the same for my 3D printers- you don't see me with a wall of 3D printers.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00023-00011198-00011552": "I don't need a wall of 3D printers, the max I can use is two.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00024-00011572-00011822": "So for the rest, after I am done reviewing them", "4KJutYHtPbI-00025-00011836-00012412": "I find them homes with local Chinese who are creative but don't really have the budget for it.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00026-00012492-00012742": "So we're going to have our fun.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00027-00012778-00013604": "I'm going to give you my hilariously uninformed opinion of professional photo gear I have no business reviewing", "4KJutYHtPbI-00028-00013632-00014332": "and then I'm going to go put this bad boy in the hands of young, hungry creatives here in Shenzhen", "4KJutYHtPbI-00029-00014366-00015022": "who are hopefully one day going to do something about the sad state of the films we try to make for export.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00030-00015046-00015288": "I know, don't even get me started.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00031-00015296-00015526": "From the Shaw Brothers(邵氏兄弟) to this.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00032-00015582-00015756": "You know the Shaw Brothers ?", "4KJutYHtPbI-00033-00015762-00016313": "But be patient, I think we can do it, and I want to help a tiny tiny bit if I can.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00034-00016360-00016632": "So on the left is the Moza Aircross.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00035-00016676-00017114": "If you watch my channel you've seen a ton of footage shot with this.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00036-00017158-00017350": "I honestly think that this gimbal", "4KJutYHtPbI-00037-00017386-00017918": "and a Sony A6500 are the best investment for any Youtube creator", "4KJutYHtPbI-00038-00017926-00018162": "looking to do a lot of shooting on the run.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00039-00018222-00018750": "I hand this combo to friends with no video experience and still get useable footage.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00040-00018772-00019048": "It's super easy to use, minimal controls.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00041-00019082-00019604": "However it's not very portable- and neither is the Air 2.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00042-00019608-00019784": "And that's something you need to plan for", "4KJutYHtPbI-00043-00019784-00020298": "if, like me, you are often trying to shoot quickly before a big audience forms.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00044-00020350-00020824": "I'll vouch for this combo as an awesome investment for YouTube creator.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00045-00020826-00021084": "It's easy to use and shoots beautiful footage.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00046-00021126-00021704": "Now on the right is the new Air 2- it is a beast.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00047-00021752-00022532": "This is a serious bit of kit. You buy this if you either have skills, or you intend to level up and have skills.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00048-00022556-00022990": "It has a lot of functionality and is designed to handle a large camera.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00049-00023034-00023462": "So add strong arms to that list because loaded up it's quite heavy.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00050-00023470-00023702": "If you watched guys like Brandon Li", "4KJutYHtPbI-00051-00023736-00023884": "he's the guy to learn from.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00052-00023914-00024418": "Those are the kind of skills you want to really take advantage of a gimbal like this.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00053-00024462-00024784": "But here, lets turn it on and have a look at what we've got.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00054-00030976-00031162": "See? Here we go.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00055-00032254-00032742": "So this is pretty cool feature that the Air 2 has that the Aircross does not.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00056-00032774-00033030": "It's called a follow focus.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00057-00033042-00033580": "Normally when I shoot I set the camera on autofocus and just cut out anything that's blurry.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00058-00033600-00034142": "And the Sony A6500 has pretty good autofocus so that basically works.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00059-00034176-00034768": "But with this you can use the large knob on the handle to set the focus.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00060-00034988-00035294": "You can do all that \"shallow depth of field\" stuff.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00061-00035308-00035744": "You do however need to be strong enough to hold the handle with one hand", "4KJutYHtPbI-00062-00035790-00036240": "and turn the knob with the other, which I am not.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00063-00036266-00036710": "My main concern, and probably the only thing I'm qualified to test", "4KJutYHtPbI-00064-00036750-00037532": "is if an amateur buys this, will they be stuck with a paperweight if they don't have pro-level skills yet?", "4KJutYHtPbI-00065-00037588-00038036": "Does it work well enough on auto-everything to be useable?", "4KJutYHtPbI-00066-00038056-00038378": "So tonight I'm going to a local craft brewing festival", "4KJutYHtPbI-00067-00038378-00038992": "and while I am diligently consuming as much hard cider as I can in the name of work,", "4KJutYHtPbI-00068-00038992-00039506": "I'm going to pass this rig around to my friends and see how it handles.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00069-00046866-00047222": "This beer tastes good, it's a Hong Kong brand.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00070-00047222-00047496": "No matter what I am happy, because a pretty girl is pouring it for me.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00071-00047510-00047606": "Haha, try it.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00072-00047682-00048154": "I just saw your friend, and I know that I will bump into you at some point.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00073-00048154-00048352": "She keeps giving me the hot dog she bought.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00074-00048376-00048760": "So I want to treat her with some beer also.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00075-00048760-00049032": "I bought a few beer, I still have some in my bag.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00076-00049034-00049254": "You can also ask your boss to try it, since he is a beer enthusiast.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00077-00053408-00053832": "Ok last night was fun, 5 or 6 people tried out the gimbal.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00078-00053862-00054504": "So that gives you an idea of what kind of results you can expect out of the box with limited experience.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00079-00054546-00055220": "On the other hand if you know what you are doing- you're going to have a blast and do amazing things.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00080-00055240-00055582": "I'd like to thank Gudson for sending me this review unit.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00081-00055626-00055870": "I promise it will be put to good use.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00082-00055900-00056098": "Buy links are in the description box.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00083-00056122-00056594": "And as for the rest of you, if you can sponsor it's $5 a month.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00084-00056640-00057052": "If cash is tight that is totally ok- seriously.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00085-00057060-00057370": "Some of us don't notice $5, some of us do.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00086-00057396-00058094": "Most of my life I've been on the \"holy shit 40 kuai are you crazy!\" side of the line so I totally get it.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00087-00058117-00058879": "BUT if you can like, subscribe, most importantly tell your friends, repost- it's a HUGE help and really appreciated.", "4KJutYHtPbI-00088-00058914-00059320": "Until next time, remember, if I can do it- anyone can do it!"}}, {"audio_id": "4KL7iAhVlru", "text": {"4KL7iAhVlru-00000-00000023-00000417": "hello good evening my name is John Ruman. I work at the real double-oh-seven", "4KL7iAhVlru-00001-00000417-00000818": "mr. Roger Moore of sales training academy in the beautiful country of", "4KL7iAhVlru-00002-00000818-00001449": "Trinidad Tobago helping you achieve sales excellence and make the numbers", "4KL7iAhVlru-00003-00001449-00001952": "better than ever so I'm gonna go in today the top five reasons why people", "4KL7iAhVlru-00004-00001952-00002678": "buy from you and I'm gonna go into each of them in depth with the time allotted", "4KL7iAhVlru-00005-00002678-00003180": "and I'll explain them and what I'll do in future videos is actually go into", "4KL7iAhVlru-00006-00003180-00003779": "each one of these in depth and then I'll actually from there ask you for which", "4KL7iAhVlru-00007-00003779-00004203": "one you think is the most popular so I'm gonna give you the five and I'm gonna", "4KL7iAhVlru-00008-00004203-00004980": "ask you to rank them if you can so here are the five and these are not in any", "4KL7iAhVlru-00009-00004980-00005727": "particular order but this will be helpful for you so basically the first", "4KL7iAhVlru-00010-00005727-00006408": "one is having a feeling of control or many options so you can say option /", "4KL7iAhVlru-00011-00006408-00006929": "control would be number option one option two would be the confidence of", "4KL7iAhVlru-00012-00006929-00007659": "the person in the sales position option three would be the quality option four", "4KL7iAhVlru-00013-00007659-00008153": "would be price with the actual pricing of the item is and item 5 would be", "4KL7iAhVlru-00014-00008153-00008850": "service so again we have service price quality confidence and options and", "4KL7iAhVlru-00015-00008850-00009327": "control and I'll tell you why this is so important hey Hayden how you doing man", "4KL7iAhVlru-00016-00009327-00009900": "is it's important that you understand people don't buy on price of these top", "4KL7iAhVlru-00017-00009900-00010622": "five price is one of them I want you to let me know which you think is the top", "4KL7iAhVlru-00018-00010622-00011079": "and if you're missing this and you're catching this live later on cool but", "4KL7iAhVlru-00019-00011079-00011403": "write these down and let me know what you think is most important because I", "4KL7iAhVlru-00020-00011403-00011963": "will in the future video actually rank these for you so I'm gonna go over them", "4KL7iAhVlru-00021-00011963-00012572": "no particular order let's hit the most common one price that is how you price", "4KL7iAhVlru-00022-00012572-00013050": "your item how it may be competitive or not competitive relative to the marking", "4KL7iAhVlru-00023-00013050-00013391": "price place when it comes to its price point", "4KL7iAhVlru-00024-00013391-00014113": "how you have maybe done research on that to come up with the price so price is a", "4KL7iAhVlru-00025-00014113-00014802": "perception of any consideration for any purchase service hopefully speaks for", "4KL7iAhVlru-00026-00014802-00015225": "itself services how well you take care of people how well you love them up how", "4KL7iAhVlru-00027-00015225-00015644": "well before you buy and after a person buys from you they think this is an", "4KL7iAhVlru-00028-00015644-00016194": "amazing experience and most importantly you actually build a relationship so the", "4KL7iAhVlru-00029-00016194-00016614": "person has a strong incentive emotionally to buy from you over and", "4KL7iAhVlru-00030-00016614-00017073": "over again which is what you want you don't want a one-time purchase okay so", "4KL7iAhVlru-00031-00017073-00017529": "we have price serves quality so that would be the perceived how nice", "4KL7iAhVlru-00032-00017529-00018056": "something is how good it looks how long does it last this may have to do with", "4KL7iAhVlru-00033-00018056-00018537": "warranty so if you have an item that has a warranty or guarantee around it that's", "4KL7iAhVlru-00034-00018537-00019020": "kind of where this would play role but it's also important to understand the", "4KL7iAhVlru-00035-00019020-00019488": "perceived quality of the product so if you have a service there are things you", "4KL7iAhVlru-00036-00019488-00020039": "can do to upgrade the perceived quality that could be anything from", "4KL7iAhVlru-00037-00020039-00020732": "certifications accreditations people you're involved with could be the", "4KL7iAhVlru-00038-00020732-00021107": "process you take people through it could actually be your price believe it or not", "4KL7iAhVlru-00039-00021107-00021567": "you should believe that if I charge ten times as much as the typical person in", "4KL7iAhVlru-00040-00021567-00022125": "an industry you're gonna assume there's a higher level of quality okay next one", "4KL7iAhVlru-00041-00022125-00022614": "is confidence that is how much bravado how much I believe in what I sell you", "4KL7iAhVlru-00042-00022614-00023163": "you need this because you have a desire and I could fill that desire so that is", "4KL7iAhVlru-00043-00023163-00023760": "the confidence in the salesperson to project what they feel is the reason", "4KL7iAhVlru-00044-00023760-00024078": "this person should be making the purchase so that's the confidence side", "4KL7iAhVlru-00045-00024078-00024645": "of things last but not least a feeling of control the feeling of the options", "4KL7iAhVlru-00046-00024645-00025284": "that you when you go into a place whether it's online or physical or mix", "4KL7iAhVlru-00047-00025284-00025682": "and you have choices you may have no choices", "4KL7iAhVlru-00048-00025682-00026239": "you may have lots of choices you may feel like you have too many choices but", "4KL7iAhVlru-00049-00026239-00026783": "what this comes from is there's been a lot of studies", "4KL7iAhVlru-00050-00026783-00027255": "that people have felt that they've been pigeon-holed into buying something so", "4KL7iAhVlru-00051-00027255-00027537": "they've been not given enough choice they said oh here's your two options", "4KL7iAhVlru-00052-00027537-00027888": "that's it and you're like wow that's great but I", "4KL7iAhVlru-00053-00027888-00028410": "want more choice so that's you give them you give them options on the online", "4KL7iAhVlru-00054-00028410-00028863": "space you usually see a minimum of three options is usually a premium chippie", "4KL7iAhVlru-00055-00028863-00029319": "chippie maybe even freemium meaning no real cost and then like the moderate one", "4KL7iAhVlru-00056-00029319-00029952": "which they say is the one that's the most popular again choice and that", "4KL7iAhVlru-00057-00029952-00030572": "there's too many choices it can actually deter so a quick thing on this they", "4KL7iAhVlru-00058-00030572-00031289": "actually did a study of a it was two options for jams for like jelly and", "4KL7iAhVlru-00059-00031289-00031749": "there was a I'm gonna give you rough numbers I know one was six options and", "4KL7iAhVlru-00060-00031749-00032676": "the other was 25 or something the person who had six options was ten times more", "4KL7iAhVlru-00061-00032676-00033330": "likely to buy than the person with the mid-20s so six options versus mid twenty", "4KL7iAhVlru-00062-00033330-00034107": "option let's say twenty five ten times more likely to buy ten times and think", "4KL7iAhVlru-00063-00034107-00034380": "about it you get stuck in indecision like I don't", "4KL7iAhVlru-00064-00034380-00034737": "know what to do with I mean we can only make so many decisions in a day if it's", "4KL7iAhVlru-00065-00034737-00035169": "hard to make the decision and we feel like there's too much it can be bad so", "4KL7iAhVlru-00066-00035169-00035613": "on both directions both sides of the spectrum too many choices like fifty one", "4KL7iAhVlru-00067-00035613-00036113": "flavor Baskin Robbins too too few you must do this here's your only option and", "4KL7iAhVlru-00068-00036113-00036630": "no one likes to feel trapped or like the salespersons try to bottleneck them into", "4KL7iAhVlru-00069-00036630-00037022": "this one thing so it's important that you understand you give people options", "4KL7iAhVlru-00070-00037022-00037395": "and they have lots of choice so briefly I'm gonna tell you how you can improve", "4KL7iAhVlru-00071-00037395-00037791": "these things and then again I will go in-depth into each of these at some", "4KL7iAhVlru-00072-00037791-00038438": "point so okay so the feeling of feeling of control and options again give people", "4KL7iAhVlru-00073-00038438-00038961": "options give them a sense of control do not give them too little but give them a", "4KL7iAhVlru-00074-00038961-00039663": "to ideally three or more confidence this is you so this is how you feel about how", "4KL7iAhVlru-00075-00039663-00040015": "you present yourself you must feel powerful confident", "4KL7iAhVlru-00076-00040015-00040461": "steadfast with need you have and you can you know", "4KL7iAhVlru-00077-00040461-00040806": "without a shadow of doubt the value of what you're bringing to the table that's", "4KL7iAhVlru-00078-00040806-00041384": "you you the person the sales position quality again if it's digital or", "4KL7iAhVlru-00079-00041384-00041693": "physical doesn't really matter service or a physical product that doesn't", "4KL7iAhVlru-00080-00041693-00042128": "matter what matters is the perceived quality and actual quality and you can", "4KL7iAhVlru-00081-00042128-00042644": "back that up with some sort of guarantee service this is you taking your business", "4KL7iAhVlru-00082-00042644-00043353": "to a higher level if you give crappy service good luck it will hurt you in", "4KL7iAhVlru-00083-00043353-00043740": "the long run and a company that has better service and similar product will", "4KL7iAhVlru-00084-00043740-00044184": "blow you out of the water eventually so even with fast food chains like I'm in", "4KL7iAhVlru-00085-00044184-00044859": "Trinidad some of the chains locally service so because of that I actually", "4KL7iAhVlru-00086-00044859-00045377": "think there's a high chance that higher quality service providers of similar and", "4KL7iAhVlru-00087-00045377-00045861": "products can actually take over it'll take them time and they'll need to build", "4KL7iAhVlru-00088-00045861-00046418": "a trend but hey Daryl but it's important that you understand service is huge and", "4KL7iAhVlru-00089-00046418-00046775": "then last but not least price so you can adjust your prices you can be below the", "4KL7iAhVlru-00090-00046775-00047483": "market I would encourage you never to make yourself broke test out pricing so", "4KL7iAhVlru-00091-00047483-00048036": "if you are having a new business test out pricing interview those who are", "4KL7iAhVlru-00092-00048036-00048777": "target market for you and they are helpful for you to come up with a price", "4KL7iAhVlru-00093-00048777-00049230": "point that they good feels comfortable and you can test this out and a great", "4KL7iAhVlru-00094-00049230-00049772": "book is called the Lean Startup by Eric Ries I think it's RI es or re is and", "4KL7iAhVlru-00095-00049772-00050187": "that's a great help for you to help you come up with the idea of testing what", "4KL7iAhVlru-00096-00050187-00050562": "you have going on to see if it's valuable for those who want to buy from", "4KL7iAhVlru-00097-00050562-00050927": "you so if you have any questions on these again price service quality", "4KL7iAhVlru-00098-00050927-00051428": "confidence and a feeling of control our options on the buyer's perspective when", "4KL7iAhVlru-00099-00051428-00051770": "you have your your business and if you're in sales you have to make sure", "4KL7iAhVlru-00100-00051770-00052070": "you have these things understood because these are the reasons people actually", "4KL7iAhVlru-00101-00052070-00052566": "make the purchase so if you find that you need help in any way when it comes", "4KL7iAhVlru-00102-00052566-00052964": "to sales again I work with Roger Moore on the sales training academy and we", "4KL7iAhVlru-00103-00052964-00053460": "have a simulated based approach to help individuals there", "4KL7iAhVlru-00104-00053460-00054072": "teams large groups large big companies small companies to grow their sales and", "4KL7iAhVlru-00105-00054072-00054575": "to help them make sure they understand the client and most importantly as we", "4KL7iAhVlru-00106-00054575-00055289": "harp over and over again you must build relationships not sell people love to", "4KL7iAhVlru-00107-00055289-00055751": "buy but they saw people hate to be sold but they love to buy so make sure you", "4KL7iAhVlru-00108-00055751-00056238": "give them a buying atmosphere and when you understand these five things you", "4KL7iAhVlru-00109-00056238-00056622": "will be super helpful in your actual long-term success so let me know any", "4KL7iAhVlru-00110-00056622-00056855": "questions you have please share this with your friends if you have friends", "4KL7iAhVlru-00111-00056855-00057251": "and sales or friends at business because most business owners don't understand", "4KL7iAhVlru-00112-00057251-00057683": "what's happening here and business owners are often the biggest sales", "4KL7iAhVlru-00113-00057683-00058388": "person for an organization our next course starts up the 13th of September", "4KL7iAhVlru-00114-00058388-00058737": "the six week six week course and we have another cold calling course coming up I", "4KL7iAhVlru-00115-00058737-00059308": "think the 2nd of September have an awesome night thank you for watching"}}, {"audio_id": "4KWrNao0ZYu", "text": {"4KWrNao0ZYu-00000-00002160-00002630": "Great, I'd love to start by asking you all a question. So Imagine that you've gone to your", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00001-00002630-00003196": "grocery store, whatever your favorite grocery store is. And you are looking to find a soup, a new", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00002-00003196-00003746": "soup that you haven't tried before. When you walk into the grocery store, I'd love a", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00003-00003746-00003934": "raise of hands--do any of you try to find soup", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00004-00003950-00004076": "by getting  on a phone", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00005-00004076-00004176": "and typing", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00006-00004176-00004211": "in", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00007-00004211-00005060": "keywords like: MSG, beef, quinoa, broth. Does anyone search for soups like that? Okay so most of", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00008-00005060-00005833": "us know to search for soup by category, right? Or by browsing. Well, one of the services that librarians", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00009-00005833-00006617": "provide, is to classify information, and to help you find it by that subject or by browsing", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00010-00006617-00007043": "by subject. So I am going to show you all how to do that in one academic database--are", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00011-00007043-00008229": "we ready to try it? Yeah? Okay, so from the Humboldt page, to access the library we select", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00012-00008229-00008667": "the quicklinks up here. So I am going to scroll down to the Student Services area, and click", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00013-00008667-00009353": "Library. And then when I do that, I am going to hover over search and locate. And I'm going", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00014-00009353-00010036": "to select Articles and Databases. And down here we have every Department represented", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00015-00010036-00010653": "with specific examples of databases that librarians and faculty highly recommend. But, this is", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00016-00010653-00011149": "small, but I will show you. Right here this link is a specific database that can help", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00017-00011149-00011849": "all disciplines to search broadly. So I am going to click on that. Has anyone used this", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00018-00011849-00012338": "database before? Okay, nice; so for those of you who raised your hands, you probably", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00019-00012338-00012963": "accustomed to typing in this field right here right? So instead, we are going to try searching", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00020-00012963-00013519": "subjects up here at the top. It is in the blue bar, and we will click on either of these,", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00021-00013519-00014070": "they take us to the same spots. I am going to click on Academic Search Premiere Subject.", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00022-00014070-00014601": "Now, I'm at basically the thesaurus, so I can search basically the subjects that information", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00023-00014601-00015120": "has been classified by. Really importantly, click up here and type--and I'll show you", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00024-00015120-00015740": "why. So instead, I am going to type in here. And so one of my interests, as you would imagine,", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00025-00015740-00016537": "is Academic Libraries. So the great things about, um, searching by subject is, sometimes,", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00026-00016537-00017105": "you might try something. I will do a quick browse here, and you might not find what you're", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00027-00017105-00017601": "looking for. But the thing is, you can keep at it. And it makes you re-think your search", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00028-00017601-00018073": "strategy before you start finding results. So it really gets you thinking about how can", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00029-00018073-00018659": "information be classified, how might I find it? And for instance, I originally tried with", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00030-00018659-00019218": "Academic Library. Which you can see the search terms down here, I am not seeing very many", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00031-00019218-00019741": "that are getting at what I am interested in. So my thought was, well, what's another way", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00032-00019741-00020406": "of writing Academic Library--what's a synonym, so I thought maybe plural--Academic Libraries.", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00033-00020406-00021123": "So I put in Academic Libraries, I select browse, and now I think I hit a gold mine. Anything", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00034-00021123-00021706": "that is blue is hyperlink, and you can learn more about it. So I am going to click on Academic", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00035-00021706-00022386": "Libraries here. And this is what I love about subject searching in this database. Because", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00036-00022386-00022894": "I want to think about the best way to get at information that I want on a topic. By", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00037-00022894-00023630": "using the subject thesaurus, not only do I see the original term, and why works are classified", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00038-00023630-00024198": "this way by librarians and experts. But it also helps me identify other really helpful", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00039-00024198-00025059": "subjects that I can search. Like broader, narrower terms and key terms. Everyone with", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00040-00025059-00025800": "me so far? Okay--heres is my last step. Let's say that I like to search a couple of narrower", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00041-00025800-00026312": "terms. Anything thats blue and hyperlinked also has a box to the left of it. And I;ll", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00042-00026312-00026775": "make this bigger to make sure you can all see. The great thing I can do is, I can click", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00043-00026775-00027386": "on the box to the left, and let's say I'd also like to search maybe narrower terms,", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00044-00027386-00027978": "like community college libraries and college libraries. I selected those terms, and then", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00045-00027978-00028533": "I can use my bouillon operators down here--that will be for a future unConference. Then I", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00046-00028533-00029203": "can hit add, and once I do that, it populates all of the links up here and now I can it", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00047-00029203-00029830": "search. I can find works that are specifically about these things, rather than articles that", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00048-00029830-00030395": "simply mention them. Then once I've found those, then I can do key words. So for example,", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00049-00030395-00031018": "if I were interested in California Junior College Libraries, I can do that as a keyword", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00050-00031018-00031619": "search and bring the results way down. So that's how I like to search for smarter synonyms,", "4KWrNao0ZYu-00051-00031619-00031674": "thank you so much."}}, {"audio_id": "4L_anTeBg4U", "text": {"4L_anTeBg4U-00000-00000025-00000290": "Friends, here is one more segment of our program,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00002-00000462-00000769": "with our wonderful guests who", "4L_anTeBg4U-00003-00000769-00001046": "make our faces more beautiful and our lives happier.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00004-00001046-00001367": "Today we’ll make one of our listeners happy –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00007-00001947-00002251": "we are giving away", "4L_anTeBg4U-00008-00002251-00002526": "a certificate for a Vitamin IV treatment", "4L_anTeBg4U-00009-00002526-00002814": "at Maxim Medical.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00010-00002814-00003121": "Let’s meet the representatives of the clinic,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00011-00003130-00003441": "director Maxim Chumak and Anna Egorova. Good evening.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00012-00003446-00003728": "Dr Max: Good evening.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00013-00003728-00004014": "DJ: Thank you so much for coming with gifts.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00016-00004576-00004897": "First of all, let me say that Maxim Medical", "4L_anTeBg4U-00017-00004898-00005246": "is a clinic that helps make your life more beautiful", "4L_anTeBg4U-00019-00005578-00005882": "as mostly they deal with health,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00020-00005882-00006167": "hair and beauty.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00024-00006994-00007242": "But today, we won’t focus on hair restoration,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00026-00007537-00007733": "although that will probably come up,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00028-00007994-00008255": "but on healthy skin,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00029-00008255-00008573": "and what you can get at Maxim Medical", "4L_anTeBg4U-00030-00008573-00008860": "to make your skin glow.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00031-00008860-00009175": "After all, it’s just 19 days", "4L_anTeBg4U-00032-00009193-00009300": "before the New Year.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00035-00009930-00010271": "DJ2: Listen, after the holidays one can fix their health, too!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00042-00011624-00011968": "DJ: Today we’ll give away the Vitamin IV.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00043-00011968-00012315": "Tell us, Anna, doctor, what are Vitamin IVs?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00045-00012620-00012724": "Anna: For the Vitamin therapy,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00051-00013831-00014119": "we have two options – as an IV treatment", "4L_anTeBg4U-00053-00014423-00014638": "or as a series of shots.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00055-00014852-00015023": "DJ: What’s the difference?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00056-00015023-00015282": "Is one simpler or better than the other?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00061-00016472-00016727": "Dr Max: It’s a technical difference,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00062-00016727-00017031": "an injection is a one-time event,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00064-00017347-00017648": "and it takes a few seconds –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00066-00017852-00018176": "and the infusion (the IV)", "4L_anTeBg4U-00067-00018176-00018427": "takes a little bit of time,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00069-00018510-00018777": "and usually it’s diluted with a solution", "4L_anTeBg4U-00072-00019378-00019629": "that also helps get rid of dehydration,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00073-00019699-00019966": "just based on the volume.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00074-00019990-00020230": "DJ2: A question,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00075-00020230-00020483": "if a person is afraid of the IV,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00076-00020483-00020788": "is there, for example,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00080-00021646-00021873": "an analogous treatment – a one-time shot?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00082-00022120-00022410": "Or is the IV much better?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00085-00022985-00023263": "Dr Max: An alternative exists,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00086-00023263-00023537": "but if you want to receive all the benefits,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00087-00023537-00023787": "IV therapy is better.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00088-00023787-00024087": "What’s different about IV therapy", "4L_anTeBg4U-00089-00024087-00024347": "as opposed to the pills is that it bypasses the liver.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00090-00024347-00024612": "When we swallow a pill,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00091-00024612-00024856": "at first it passes the liver,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00092-00024856-00025144": "which is the chemical powerhouse", "4L_anTeBg4U-00093-00025144-00025454": "that filters what we swallow and affects", "4L_anTeBg4U-00094-00025454-00025748": "how much is absorbed.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00100-00026980-00027295": "With intravenous injections,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00101-00027295-00027554": "we call the process 100% bioavailability,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00102-00027554-00027860": "as we receive 100% of the product", "4L_anTeBg4U-00103-00027860-00028176": "delivered where it’s supposed to go.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00105-00028473-00028730": "DJ: What benefits does the recipient get", "4L_anTeBg4U-00106-00028730-00028892": "from the vitamin cocktails?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00108-00029156-00029439": "Anna: It depends on what the patient wants –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00109-00029439-00029757": "we have many different ones.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00110-00029757-00029874": "DJ: I want to be pretty!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00112-00030132-00030420": "Anna: If we’re talking about beauty,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00117-00031511-00031797": "we have IV cocktails for the skin,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00118-00031797-00032059": "for the hair, for nails,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00119-00032059-00032355": "and as a result,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00122-00032659-00032991": "we have clients who visibly improved", "4L_anTeBg4U-00124-00033196-00033373": "the appearance of their skin", "4L_anTeBg4U-00125-00033373-00033671": "from these treatments.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00126-00033671-00033974": "DJ2: And how many IV treatments", "4L_anTeBg4U-00127-00033974-00034273": "would one need to see results like that?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00128-00034273-00034494": "Anna: It depends on the person,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00129-00034494-00034744": "on the state of their health.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00130-00034744-00035014": "If someone comes with", "4L_anTeBg4U-00131-00035014-00035246": "significant scarring,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00133-00035478-00035786": "a miracle can’t happen after one treatment,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00135-00036001-00036266": "but for people with dull,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00136-00036266-00036431": "dehydrated skin", "4L_anTeBg4U-00137-00036431-00036578": "– this helps a lot.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00139-00036785-00036912": "Of course, we can’t say", "4L_anTeBg4U-00140-00036912-00037216": "that an IV treatment will smooth out", "4L_anTeBg4U-00141-00037216-00037474": "all of your deep wrinkles.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00143-00037718-00037996": "DJ2: Do I understand correctly", "4L_anTeBg4U-00145-00038337-00038494": "that if I do IV treatments,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00146-00038514-00038785": "I can stop taking vitamins?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00147-00038785-00039050": "Anna: Yes,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00148-00039050-00039346": "and you will get much better results.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00151-00039945-00040225": "DJ2: And it’s hard to choose them at the store,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00152-00040225-00040416": "there are so many options.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00154-00040715-00041022": "DJ: When you make these cocktails,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00155-00041022-00041194": "and these injections,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00156-00041194-00041492": "do you run diagnostics first –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00157-00041492-00041789": "which vitamins I might need?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00159-00042103-00042340": "Do you look at the symptoms?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00162-00042789-00043073": "Dr Max: That’s a very good question.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00163-00043073-00043282": "We don’t only have an IV lounge,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00165-00043592-00043877": "but I’m also a medical doctor", "4L_anTeBg4U-00166-00043877-00044204": "who can diagnose any problem,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00168-00044449-00044609": "and we have a lab that runs your blood tests,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00170-00044877-00045177": "and we can determine your individual needs.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00171-00045216-00045521": "We have an IV cocktail menu", "4L_anTeBg4U-00172-00045521-00045827": "comprised of cocktails that are used frequently,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00173-00045827-00046128": "but we can make something specifically for you.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00175-00046430-00046724": "DJ: Right now is a good time", "4L_anTeBg4U-00177-00047041-00047237": "to get results at Maxim Medical –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00185-00049167-00049434": "there are all kind of treatments you can get,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00188-00049876-00050136": "including getting rid of wrinkles, right?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00190-00050300-00050590": "Anna: Yes, the smaller wrinkles", "4L_anTeBg4U-00192-00050883-00051075": "DJ2: How frequently can one get the IV treatments?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00194-00051376-00051664": "Say, someone comes and asks to make their skin less dull,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00196-00051869-00052156": "to rehydrate their skin, etc.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00197-00052156-00052360": "Is it possible to do in three weeks?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00198-00052375-00052660": "Max: We recommend coming weekly", "4L_anTeBg4U-00199-00052660-00052959": "in the beginning.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00200-00052959-00053269": "Concerning vitamin IVs,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00201-00053281-00053503": "they are basically harmless.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00203-00053735-00054006": "They must be a part of a healthy lifestyle,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00204-00054006-00054131": "just as we choose or skip certain foods", "4L_anTeBg4U-00205-00054131-00054412": "at the supermarket,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00206-00054415-00054711": "same goes for our plan of maintaining good health.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00208-00055021-00055323": "Anna: Everyone has different goals.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00209-00055323-00055621": "We have athletes who come in weekly", "4L_anTeBg4U-00210-00055621-00055766": "and work on increasing their muscle mass.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00212-00055948-00056200": "We have special cocktails for them", "4L_anTeBg4U-00213-00056200-00056496": "with amino acids and vitamins,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00214-00056496-00056762": "and fitness trainers require these", "4L_anTeBg4U-00215-00056762-00057067": "a certain regularity.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00217-00057325-00057560": "DJ: So this is a legal way of increasing the body mass?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00218-00057560-00057839": "I know there are illegal ways of doing so.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00219-00057839-00058117": "Anna: Yes.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00220-00058117-00058409": "DJ2: Such a girly question –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00221-00058409-00058732": "do you have a cocktail for losing weight?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00222-00058749-00059035": "Get an IV and lose weight?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00223-00059035-00059331": "Dr Max: For that, we have a lipotropic shot –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00224-00059331-00059506": "a special formula of vitamin B", "4L_anTeBg4U-00225-00059506-00059695": "and other ingredients", "4L_anTeBg4U-00227-00059812-00060088": "that you receive once a week,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00228-00060088-00060387": "which helps you lose weight.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00229-00060387-00060678": "DJ2: See, Dennis, you were laughing, but it does exist!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00230-00060678-00060897": "I’m making the appointment.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00231-00060897-00061113": "DJ: Let’s go do it together,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00232-00061113-00061407": "we’ll post on Facebook and surprise everyone.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00238-00062838-00063308": "Dear listeners", "4L_anTeBg4U-00240-00063538-00063826": "when you are ready –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00241-00063826-00064107": "maybe even tonight –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00242-00064107-00064385": "call Maxim Medical", "4L_anTeBg4U-00243-00064385-00064669": "at 954.945.2909", "4L_anTeBg4U-00244-00064669-00064942": "for healthy skin, more energy,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00245-00064942-00065223": "improved health, a better mood and more.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00253-00066913-00067184": "954.945.2909", "4L_anTeBg4U-00255-00067338-00067623": "Say hello from Radio Miami FM", "4L_anTeBg4U-00257-00067894-00068049": "to receive an additional discount!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00270-00071266-00071562": "Maxim Medical is located in Fort Lauderdale.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00271-00071562-00071885": "And today, we are giving away", "4L_anTeBg4U-00273-00072059-00072341": "a vitamin IV gift certificate.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00275-00072649-00072953": "DJ2: I was hoping you’d forget about", "4L_anTeBg4U-00276-00072953-00073227": "and I’d hide it.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00278-00073498-00073830": "DJ: We are going to ask a question,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00281-00074283-00074540": "you’ll have to answer it –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00282-00074540-00074846": "call us right now.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00286-00075699-00075994": "Now, the question!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00287-00075994-00076167": "Anna: Vitamins of which group", "4L_anTeBg4U-00288-00076167-00076477": "are used to treat hair loss?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00300-00079360-00079649": "DJ: We are waiting for your calls!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00304-00080386-00080622": "Oh, look at how many lines lit up!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00305-00080680-00080965": "Which line should I take?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00307-00081265-00081588": "Dr Max: The second one!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00310-00082137-00082444": "DJ: Hello!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00311-00082444-00082673": "CALLER: Hello!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00312-00082716-00083025": "DJ: Hello, what’s your name? CALLER: Alina.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00313-00083126-00083422": "DJ: Where are you calling from? CALLER: Miami.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00314-00083422-00083722": "DJ: But which part? Miami is large!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00315-00083722-00083879": "CALLER: The gym.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00317-00084203-00084462": "DJ: You called the right place!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00318-00084462-00084748": "If you combine the gym", "4L_anTeBg4U-00319-00084748-00084980": "with vitamin cocktails and", "4L_anTeBg4U-00320-00084980-00085265": "procedures from Maxim Medical, I am sure you’re beautiful already…", "4L_anTeBg4U-00321-00085265-00085498": "CALLER: Thank you, I’m thinking about it.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00323-00085799-00086080": "DJ: Now the question, one more time!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00324-00086080-00086342": "Anna: Vitamins of which group are used to treat hair loss?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00328-00086999-00087284": "CALLER: Different ones,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00329-00087284-00087334": "but speaking of groups – B vitamins.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00330-00087334-00087565": "Anna: Correct! DJ: Absolutely correct!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00334-00088478-00088779": "DJ2: Alina, you are receiving a gift certificate for the Myer’s cocktail –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00336-00089154-00089407": "please call to make an appointment.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00337-00089407-00089703": "You can pick up the certificate in our studios.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00341-00090394-00090680": "DJ: I’ve been to Maxim Medical", "4L_anTeBg4U-00342-00090680-00090958": "and was very impressed by all the new technologies during my tour –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00344-00091177-00091477": "and maybe in the future", "4L_anTeBg4U-00345-00091477-00091724": "you’ll get more treatments there,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00349-00092415-00092708": "since Maxim Medical will also give you 20% off", "4L_anTeBg4U-00350-00092708-00092955": "on all procedures you want.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00352-00093241-00093561": "DJ2: What a great gift!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00357-00094564-00094820": "DJ: Could you remind us of the address of Maxim Medical?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00359-00095165-00095483": "Anna: 551 North Federal Highway, Suite 800, Fort Lauderdale.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00364-00096517-00096779": "DJ: Dear listener, are you enthusiastic?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00366-00097368-00097568": "CALLER: Hooray!!!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00367-00097709-00098051": "I can’t scream louder, I’m at the gym,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00368-00098060-00098300": "but I’m very happy.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00370-00098481-00098722": "DJ: Best of luck at Maxim Medical!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00372-00098989-00099279": "Please tell us how it goes!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00376-00100042-00100306": "CALLER: Thank you! Bye!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00379-00100858-00101127": "DJ: To sum up, what else –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00380-00101127-00101428": "in addition to what we talked about –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00381-00101428-00101561": "does Maxim Medical provide?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00382-00101674-00101971": "Anna: In addition to vitamin IVs,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00384-00102240-00102459": "we also have PRP –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00386-00102757-00103042": "platelet-rich plasma", "4L_anTeBg4U-00387-00103042-00103332": "we discussed on this show…", "4L_anTeBg4U-00395-00105036-00105364": "Dr Max: We have the latest-generation Dermapen –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00398-00105871-00106199": "which we use for the Vampire Facial –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00400-00106374-00106657": "and it’s the latest and coolest in the world.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00402-00106959-00107293": "Our first patients are extremely happy!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00405-00107917-00108186": "DJ2: I know that you also help restore hair –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00407-00108435-00108604": "have you had cases", "4L_anTeBg4U-00408-00108604-00108903": "in which the person found their future spouse…", "4L_anTeBg4U-00409-00108903-00109210": "or their life changed drastically?", "4L_anTeBg4U-00411-00109517-00109809": "Dr Max: We had a case of a man", "4L_anTeBg4U-00412-00109809-00110134": "whose wife left because of his excessive hair loss,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00415-00110768-00111089": "and he really wanted her back,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00416-00111089-00111401": "so he came to us, and we restored his hair –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00420-00112084-00112359": "and his wife came back!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00421-00112468-00112579": "DJ2: Amazing!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00422-00112632-00112841": "But what a strange reason for leaving!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00426-00113676-00113990": "DJ: What if he said,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00427-00113990-00114336": "I will spend this much money for hair restoration…", "4L_anTeBg4U-00429-00114686-00114960": "DJ2: I would’ve said,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00430-00114960-00115202": "give the money to me, I’ll go shopping!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00431-00115202-00115487": "DJ: And she would go back to PRP…", "4L_anTeBg4U-00433-00115743-00115954": "Anna: We have entire families come to us –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00437-00116576-00116919": "usually, a man comes in for hair restoration treatment,", "4L_anTeBg4U-00439-00117215-00117499": "and then the wife follows for the PRP treatments.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00444-00118564-00118858": "And often we do these on the same day.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00445-00118858-00119144": "DJ2: So you restore family relations too!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00446-00119144-00119429": "What a great selling point!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00449-00119866-00120177": "DJ: Friends, call Maxim Medical at 954.945.2909.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00455-00121309-00121535": "They are located in Fort Lauderdale.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00461-00122710-00122909": "Thank you so much for coming –", "4L_anTeBg4U-00462-00122909-00123143": "we hope you will come", "4L_anTeBg4U-00463-00123143-00123413": "to our show many more times.", "4L_anTeBg4U-00464-00123413-00123683": "Thank you for making people happy and healthy!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00465-00123683-00123961": "Anna: Thank you!", "4L_anTeBg4U-00466-00123961-00124260": "DJ2: Thank you, I will definitely come to Maxim Medical!"}}, {"audio_id": "4LELcuHOsug", "text": {"4LELcuHOsug-00000-00000022-00000708": "Hey, Don, it's me--Neurotic Nicole! I just got into the closet where they're keeping", "4LELcuHOsug-00001-00000708-00001070": "my phone and stuff. And I read those 16 e-mails that you sent", "4LELcuHOsug-00002-00001070-00001409": "me... and I'm sorry we haven't been in touch over the past few months.", "4LELcuHOsug-00003-00001409-00002063": "I've been in here--the mental hospital! I guess it all started with a call from the", "4LELcuHOsug-00004-00002063-00002750": "vet confirming my darkest fear: that Rufus tested positive for feline herpes, which sent", "4LELcuHOsug-00005-00002750-00003371": "me spiraling into a 4-day episode of compulsive coupon-clipping and eventually paranoid psychosis.", "4LELcuHOsug-00006-00003371-00004000": "Anyway, Don, I'm really not in any headspace to answer all of your urgent questions from", "4LELcuHOsug-00007-00004000-00004451": "the last month. You know, about where our relationship stands,", "4LELcuHOsug-00008-00004451-00005055": "whether I still like you, or if I consider you a clingy emotional vampire completely", "4LELcuHOsug-00009-00005055-00005589": "lacking in sex appeal. I don't know when I'll have the answers.", "4LELcuHOsug-00010-00005589-00005903": "Sorry in advance if you waste the rest of your life waiting for me to get out of the", "4LELcuHOsug-00011-00005903-00006380": "loony bin. Anyway, I gotta go get my morning Xanny bar.", "4LELcuHOsug-00012-00006380-00007080": "You'd love the pharmacy here, by the way! Later, alligator.", "4LELcuHOsug-00013-00007311-00007741": "I have wicked dry mouth too, man."}}, {"audio_id": "4M7Ngi1bd9y", "text": {"4M7Ngi1bd9y-00000-00000064-00000536": "while i was sleeping, i found that my subscriber account went from having 229", "4M7Ngi1bd9y-00001-00000536-00001312": "to having 233, so this means i have gone four more new subscribers. that is a really good thing,", "4M7Ngi1bd9y-00002-00001312-00001639": "and i've also started to show my subscriber count publicly,", "4M7Ngi1bd9y-00003-00001639-00002144": "as well. this means i am growing faster than ever, at least one day."}}, {"audio_id": "4MPLeWkScUc", "text": {"4MPLeWkScUc-00000-00000446-00000783": "Will Russia launch a cyberattack on Ukraine?", "4MPLeWkScUc-00001-00001543-00001876": "Welcome to The Red Couch, the web show about Internet freedom and security.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00002-00002170-00002270": "Russia has trained genius hackers", "4MPLeWkScUc-00003-00002277-00002641": "to disable the Ukrainians communications infrastructure, but will they dare?", "4MPLeWkScUc-00004-00002641-00003054": "Since Russia has advanced into Crimea", "4MPLeWkScUc-00005-00003054-00003390": "the cyber attacks between Russia and Ukraine have been", "4MPLeWkScUc-00006-00003390-00003855": "pathetic. Ukraines andn pees have suffered a few problems", "4MPLeWkScUc-00007-00003855-00004212": "with their mobile phones which ukraine blames on pro", "4MPLeWkScUc-00008-00004212-00004703": "Russian mischief making. Plus Ukraine States news agency", "4MPLeWkScUc-00009-00004703-00005161": "suffered a distributed denial of service attack which paralyzes computers", "4MPLeWkScUc-00010-00005161-00005540": "but only for a short time.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00011-00005540-00005925": "Pro Russians in Crimea cut telephone cables between the peninsula and the rest of Ukraine.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00012-00005925-00006337": "But you can still use your mobile phone in Sevastopol.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00013-00006337-00006720": "Meanwhile UK-based BAE Systems Applied Intelligence", "4MPLeWkScUc-00014-00006720-00007154": "has published reports on a new sophisticated cyberattack mechanism", "4MPLeWkScUc-00015-00007154-00007506": "called The snake,", "4MPLeWkScUc-00016-00007506-00007845": "which could come from Russia.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00017-00007845-00008210": "Are you Russian? No, no, I live in Canada.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00018-00008210-00008630": "I'm Canadian. Are you sure?", "4MPLeWkScUc-00019-00008639-00008952": "Yes, yes, yes.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00020-00008952-00009428": "Ooooo, Canadaaa!", "4MPLeWkScUc-00021-00009428-00009871": "our home and native land.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00022-00009871-00010245": "Snake buries itself", "4MPLeWkScUc-00023-00010245-00010652": "in a computer and then finds vulnerabilities in the local network", "4MPLeWkScUc-00024-00010652-00011049": "spreading itself like a virus, ssssss", "4MPLeWkScUc-00025-00011049-00011373": "It can act as a former reconnaissance as", "4MPLeWkScUc-00026-00011373-00011682": "a from of attack and can take over", "4MPLeWkScUc-00027-00011682-00012000": "computers, sssss", "4MPLeWkScUc-00028-00012100-00012606": "Snake reported activity has boomed this year, especially in Ukraine and also on key", "4MPLeWkScUc-00029-00012606-00012997": "US allies like Lithuania, Georgia and Romania.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00030-00012997-00013362": "But details and victims are still a bit sketchy.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00031-00013362-00013668": "So far Russia strategy is censorship,", "4MPLeWkScUc-00032-00013668-00014140": "surveillance, a targeting of the Ukrainian elite", "4MPLeWkScUc-00033-00014140-00014505": "and a widening of the divide between Crimea and the rest of Ukraine.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00034-00014505-00014805": "But these are only minor skirmishes,", "4MPLeWkScUc-00035-00014805-00015194": "the Ukrainian people are not affected, but the threat", "4MPLeWkScUc-00036-00015194-00015759": "still persists. True!", "4MPLeWkScUc-00037-00015759-00015826": "Cyberanalysts Geoffrey Carr told the Red Couch", "4MPLeWkScUc-00038-00015826-00016195": "that Russia could cripple Ukraine's entire communication", "4MPLeWkScUc-00039-00016195-00016643": "and information infrastructure.  Such an action be seen by the world", "4MPLeWkScUc-00040-00016643-00016978": "as an illegal provocation. Couple of the danger", "4MPLeWkScUc-00041-00016978-00017370": "of Russian military intervention could be seen as a declaration war.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00042-00017370-00017727": "And cyber war is now real.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00043-00017727-00018041": "If you attack with the click the mouse", "4MPLeWkScUc-00044-00018041-00018404": "someone can respond with bombs.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00045-00018404-00018756": "In the past, Russia has been suspected of cyberattacks on countries", "4MPLeWkScUc-00046-00018756-00019080": "such as in Estonia in 2007", "4MPLeWkScUc-00047-00019080-00019393": "after the government decided to relocate a war memorial", "4MPLeWkScUc-00048-00019393-00019833": "commemorating russian soldiers.  The Baltic state received a flood attacks", "4MPLeWkScUc-00049-00019833-00020252": "against government web sites and the general population crippling", "4MPLeWkScUc-00050-00020252-00020650": "the country's Internet infrastructure for weeks, but Russia", "4MPLeWkScUc-00051-00020650-00020981": "did not take responsibility instead it blamed", "4MPLeWkScUc-00052-00020981-00021200": "patriotic hackers.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00053-00021940-00022056": "You have to look out for this,", "4MPLeWkScUc-00054-00022056-00022416": "it may be possible that the his a cyber attack in Ukraine,", "4MPLeWkScUc-00055-00022416-00022744": "Russia denies anything to do with them", "4MPLeWkScUc-00056-00022744-00023128": "and steady claims it's the work of sympathizes", "4MPLeWkScUc-00057-00023128-00023510": "of the Russian soul. Meanwhile pro-western hackers have been targeting Russia.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00058-00023510-00023946": "Hackers broke into the website of the Russian state", "4MPLeWkScUc-00059-00023946-00024276": "run english-language news agency, Russia today,", "4MPLeWkScUc-00060-00024276-00024607": "and change the headlines replacing the words", "4MPLeWkScUc-00061-00024607-00024940": "Russia, Russians and military with", "4MPLeWkScUc-00062-00024940-00025259": "Putin, nazi citizens", "4MPLeWkScUc-00063-00025259-00025664": "troops threatened in Ukraine need armed forces protection and", "4MPLeWkScUc-00064-00025664-00026077": "Thousands rally against illegitimate government raise Nazi flags in", "4MPLeWkScUc-00065-00026077-00026608": "eastern Ukraine. Russian senators both to use stabilizing Nazi forces", "4MPLeWkScUc-00066-00026608-00026912": "on Ukrainian territory.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00067-00026912-00027256": "Meanwhile, Anonymous has announced the hash tag #oprussia to support Ukraine.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00068-00027256-00027570": "Anonymous is the face in hundreds", "4MPLeWkScUc-00069-00027570-00027994": "of Russian web sites suddenly the interests at the most persecuted", "4MPLeWkScUc-00070-00027994-00028348": "underground network in America are allying", "4MPLeWkScUc-00071-00028348-00028793": "with those of the US State.  Leaks are also emerging in Russia against Putin.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00072-00028793-00029126": "A Russian hacking group has released thousands of documents disclosing", "4MPLeWkScUc-00073-00029283-00029689": "military deals between India and Russia for the sale", "4MPLeWkScUc-00074-00029689-00030033": "and upkeep of fighter planes.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00075-00030033-00030380": "So-called Russians Cyber Command is starting cyberwar on Russian", "4MPLeWkScUc-00076-00030380-00030920": "military enterprises. Eventually we shall deliver critical infrastructure companies", "4MPLeWkScUc-00077-00031010-00031414": "on which, Russian Putin's Empire (fucked in the head)", "4MPLeWkScUc-00078-00031414-00031749": "stands on.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00079-00031749-00032245": "These is real, no bullcrap, no playing dumb ass games with this new lunatic regime.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00080-00032245-00032602": "Russia has to be free from Lunatics!", "4MPLeWkScUc-00081-00032602-00032997": "It's hard to know who the Russian provocateurs trying to prove that", "4MPLeWkScUc-00082-00032997-00033334": "Russia is a victim of western hackers and", "4MPLeWkScUc-00083-00033334-00033698": "who are the Ukrainian provocateurs trying to prove", "4MPLeWkScUc-00084-00033698-00034019": "that Ukraine is a victim of Russian hackers.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00085-00034019-00034320": "Who are the state hackers and who are the rogue hackers?", "4MPLeWkScUc-00086-00034320-00034710": "Who are the rogue hackers now working for the state and who are the state hackers", "4MPLeWkScUc-00087-00034710-00035027": "now going rogue. Is Ukraine attacking Russia", "4MPLeWkScUc-00088-00035027-00035397": "or is Russia attacking Russia. Is Russia attacking Ukraine", "4MPLeWkScUc-00089-00035397-00035875": "or is Ukraine attacking Ukraine? In the virtual world it's very hard to know", "4MPLeWkScUc-00090-00035875-00036322": "who's behind a cyberattack. If you factor into this disinformation campaigns from", "4MPLeWkScUc-00091-00036322-00036478": "the spy agencies of Europe,", "4MPLeWkScUc-00092-00036478-00036895": "America, Ukraine and Russia clouded by the fog of war", "4MPLeWkScUc-00093-00036895-00037283": "we come to the hopeless truth that online no one knows anything.", "4MPLeWkScUc-00094-00037283-00037580": "Its all bullcrap!", "4MPLeWkScUc-00095-00038293-00038540": "Is it okay having a snake", "4MPLeWkScUc-00096-00038547-00038881": "singing the Anthem National of Canada in  Russian?", "4MPLeWkScUc-00097-00038881-00039252": "Muaaahahahaha", "4MPLeWkScUc-00098-00041198-00041581": "The Red Couch is brought to you by", "4MPLeWkScUc-00099-00041581-00041969": "CyberGhost 5, a virtual private network that gives you anonymity online", "4MPLeWkScUc-00100-00042032-00042267": "and allows you to surf the web securely."}}, {"audio_id": "4MYpVmyzh8o", "text": {"4MYpVmyzh8o-00000-00001100-00002100": "Coast Guard saves 11 crew members after merchant vessel SSL Kolkata catches fire, rescue ops underway", "4MYpVmyzh8o-00001-00002200-00004000": "Coast Guard saves 11 crew members after merchant vessel SSL Kolkata catches fire, rescue ops underway Coast Guard ship Rajkiran from Haldia and Coast Dornier have arrived in the area to help in the rescue operation.", "4MYpVmyzh8o-00002-00004100-00005400": "Kolkata: The Indian Coast Guard has launched a massive rescue operation after a devastating fire broke out at the merchant vessel SSL Kolkata on Wednesday night.", "4MYpVmyzh8o-00003-00005500-00007100": "According to ANI, 11 out of 22 crew members onboard the merchant vessel have been rescued so far. 11 out of 22 crew members of Merchant Vessel SSL KOLKATA were rescued after the vessel caught fire last night.", "4MYpVmyzh8o-00004-00007200-00008500": "Indian Coast Guard ship Rajkiran from Haldia & Coast Dornier arrived in area earlier today. Rescue operation for remaining crew underway.", "4MYpVmyzh8o-00005-00008600-00012100": "Efforts are on in full swing to rescue other crew members onboard the vessel. #WATCH Merchant Vessel SSL KOLKATA caught fire last night; 11 out of 22 crew members rescued by Indian Coast Guard ship Rajkiran from Haldia, rescue operation for remaining crew members underway  Meanwhile, Coast Guard ship Rajkiran from Haldia and Coast Dornier have also arrived in the area to help in the rescue operation.", "4MYpVmyzh8o-00006-00012200-00012900": "However, it is still unknown as to what caused the fire on the merchant vessel.", "4MYpVmyzh8o-00007-00013000-00014400": "Earlier this year, the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) had evacuated 26 crew members of an oil tanker after a major fire broke out on it, off the coast of Kandla.", "4MYpVmyzh8o-00008-00014500-00016000": "The MT Genessa oil tanker, which was anchored about 15 nautical miles off Deendayal Port in Kandla, was reportedly carrying at least 30,000 tonnes of high-speed Diesel.", "4MYpVmyzh8o-00009-00016100-00018100": "Two members sustained burn injuries due to the incident. The ICG used tugs and rigs to fight out the blaze by pooling resources from Reliance, Adani, and Essar companies. Also, they sent their boats to help in assisting rescue operations."}}, {"audio_id": "4Ng51PoFRdU", "text": {"4Ng51PoFRdU-00000-00000074-00000248": "- [Leader] You say strong, culture", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00001-00000248-00000344": "- [Crowd] Strong", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00002-00000344-00000428": "- [Leader] Culture", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00003-00000428-00000511": "- [Crowd] Strong", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00004-00000511-00000757": "- Not only does events like this parade,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00005-00000757-00000999": "but many other events is what connects our community", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00006-00000999-00001161": "and makes us stronger as a whole.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00007-00001161-00001244": "- [Nina] Even if you aren't indigenous,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00008-00001244-00001370": "and you stand with us,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00009-00001370-00001519": "we all need to stand together.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00010-00001519-00001657": "Coz that's what is most important.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00011-00001657-00001778": "- Thank you for coming out here", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00012-00001778-00001978": "to celebrate, being indigenous.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00013-00001978-00002224": "It made me very happy to see our native youth,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00014-00002224-00002506": "taking pride in who they are, to using their voice to say,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00015-00002506-00002780": "\"we are indigenous, we are anishonabi,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00016-00002780-00002882": "\"we are larkota,\"", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00017-00002882-00003135": "It means so much to me, and it makes me happy to know", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00018-00003135-00003358": "that we are moving somewhere, when it comes to native youth", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00019-00003358-00003520": "taking back who we are and...", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00020-00003520-00003860": "- The theme today was 'empowering', and so our teachers", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00021-00003860-00004012": "in each classroom kinda tidied up differently", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00022-00004012-00004159": "about what they wanna do with their kids,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00023-00004159-00004308": "what does it mean to be empowering,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00024-00004308-00004407": "and how do you empower?", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00025-00004407-00004652": "Some picked love, some picked different leaders,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00026-00004652-00004855": "and so I saw every classroom did", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00027-00004855-00004995": "a whole different take on it.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00028-00004995-00005131": "That's kinda the nice thing about it.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00029-00005131-00005397": "And on parade, the classrooms got to kinda sit", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00030-00005397-00005525": "and watch their classmates go by,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00031-00005525-00005782": "and see what each different grades did.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00032-00005782-00006081": "- Growing up, we did not have indigenous people's day.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00033-00006081-00006439": "Indigenous people's day, it's a sense of inclusion,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00034-00006439-00006567": "I think for our students.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00035-00006567-00006912": "It's a sense that their perspective is valid.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00036-00006912-00007176": "And that it is important that it is being heard.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00037-00007176-00007436": "- It's important because it's who they are,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00038-00007436-00007610": "and so they teach it in school,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00039-00007610-00007800": "it brings a piece of them to life.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00040-00007800-00008075": "It gives them empowerment, it makes them see", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00041-00008075-00008207": "that they are not invisible.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00042-00008207-00008512": "- Our diversity as a city is really valuable.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00043-00008512-00008812": "But the heritage, that are indigenous people,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00044-00008812-00009212": "bring to our city, and our state, and our nation", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00045-00009212-00009517": "is incurenprable, and invaluable.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00046-00009517-00009820": "- So it's keeping that pride, keeping our strength up,", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00047-00009820-00010046": "and making sure that we are resilient every single day", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00048-00010046-00010230": "of the year, because every single day", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00049-00010230-00010318": "is indigenous people's day.", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00050-00010318-00010502": "- Wooow!Mama Korta", "4Ng51PoFRdU-00051-00010502-00010810": "(contemporary music)"}}, {"audio_id": "4Ns2I-EHv20", "text": {"4Ns2I-EHv20-00000-00001304-00001464": "and today we are doing a nice", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00001-00002536-00002984": "uh", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00002-00003728-00004384": "so", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00003-00005704-00007184": "and yes", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00004-00011224-00011384": "okay", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00005-00012168-00012784": "okay", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00006-00013032-00014184": "wow", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00007-00014704-00015584": "my", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00008-00015704-00016984": "so as she's attending to her son", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00009-00021080-00021184": "foreign", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00010-00023008-00023058": "differently", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00011-00023600-00023984": "please like share and subscribe and", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00012-00024064-00024528": "don't forget to leave a comment don't forget to leave a comment these guys", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00013-00024744-00025384": "so guys", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00014-00030024-00030983": "yes", "4Ns2I-EHv20-00015-00031952-00032383": "barakah"}}, {"audio_id": "4NeI8Z4hMP0", "text": {"4NeI8Z4hMP0-00000-00000673-00001068": "Illegal Makes Startling Confession About What Michelle Did Before She Climbed Statue Of", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00001-00001068-00001187": "Liberty", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00002-00001187-00001596": "A leftist protester ruined Independence Day for thousands who were visiting the Statue", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00003-00001596-00001696": "of Liberty.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00004-00001696-00002161": "A Congolese woman decided to scale the monument in protest of President Trump’s “zero", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00005-00002161-00002332": "tolerance” immigration policy.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00006-00002332-00002803": "At a press conference yesterday, she said she was inspired by Michelle Obama making", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00007-00002803-00002903": "a quote.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00008-00002903-00003211": "“Michelle Obama … said when they go low, we go high.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00009-00003211-00003693": "And I went as high as I could,” Statue of Liberty climber Therese Patricia Okoumou told", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00010-00003693-00003994": "reporters outside Manhattan Federal Courthouse Thursday.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00011-00003994-00004180": "Honey, that’s not what she meant.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00012-00004180-00004280": "Sigh.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00013-00004280-00004748": "And I’m torn whether to be more disgusted by Michelle’s original comment or the antics", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00014-00004748-00004893": "of this protester.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00015-00004893-00005149": "She said her decision was spur of the moment.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00016-00005149-00005721": "Therese Patricia Okoumou, 44, of Staten Island, pleaded not guilty to the charges during a", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00017-00005721-00005984": "brief hearing in federal court in Manhattan.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00018-00005984-00006418": "At the end of the proceeding, she raised her right fist, drawing applause from supporters", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00019-00006418-00006559": "in the courtroom.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00020-00006559-00006981": "She came from the Republic of Congo to the United States in 1994.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00021-00006981-00007409": "Her stunt was shown on live TV and lasted about three and a half hours.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00022-00007409-00007804": "Our intrepid activist Okoumou has quite the history as well.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00023-00007804-00008188": "According to court records, she’s a Congolese immigrant who once filed a complaint with", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00024-00008188-00008640": "the New York City Commission on Human Rights, seeking a judicial review and reversal of", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00025-00008640-00009039": "a “determination” it made regarding alleged incidents of abuse that Okoumou suffered at", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00026-00009039-00009487": "the hands of a social services agency on Staten Island where she worked.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00027-00009487-00009654": "From the New York Post:", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00028-00009654-00010165": "“Specifically, Okoumou claimed that in 2005, she was treated “in a demeaning manner”", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00029-00010165-00010522": "by her bosses and told that she would be fired “for complaining of discrimination.”", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00030-00010522-00010843": "It’s unclear why her complaint was tossed out.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00031-00010843-00011393": "“In 2011, Okoumou made headlines after she was hit with an astounding 60 violations for", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00032-00011393-00011716": "illegally posting ads for her services as a personal trainer.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00033-00011716-00012286": "“The Department of Sanitation slapped her with $4,500 in fines that year after she spent", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00034-00012286-00012705": "five hours one Sunday posting the fliers on Manhattan utility poles.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00035-00012705-00013259": "“In 2017, she was arrested and charged with obstructing governmental administration, unlawful", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00036-00013259-00013712": "assembly and trespassing during a demonstration at the Department of Labor building on Varick", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00037-00013712-00013812": "Street.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00038-00013812-00014219": "She had allegedly covered her mouth with tape and refused to respond to police demands.”", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00039-00014219-00014718": "For her efforts in scaling the Statue of Liberty, she pleaded not guilty to misdemeanor trespassing", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00040-00014718-00015191": "and disorderly conduct Thursday before a judge released her on her own recognizance.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00041-00015191-00015366": "She should not have gotten off so easy.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00042-00015366-00015793": "I believe four or more helicopters were called in at great expense.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00043-00015793-00016115": "Police officers risked their lives to get this person down.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00044-00016115-00016365": "They used rope ladders etc. to do it.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00045-00016365-00016812": "When she emerged from the courthouse, Okoumou of course took the opportunity to slam President", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00046-00016812-00016926": "Trump on immigration.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00047-00016926-00017185": "“Trump has ripped this country apart.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00048-00017185-00017319": "It is depressing.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00049-00017319-00017484": "It is outrageous,” she said.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00050-00017484-00017902": "“His Draconian zero-tolerance policy on immigration has to go.”", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00051-00017902-00018108": "It is sheer leftist pablum.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00052-00018108-00018437": "The left naturally hailed this as a brave act of resistance.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00053-00018437-00018806": "Law enforcement officers and prosecutors said that her stunt “endangered” her life and", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00054-00018806-00018956": "the lives of others.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00055-00018956-00019073": "Which it did.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00056-00019073-00019384": "At the very least she should have to foot the bill for this insanity.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00057-00019384-00019885": "“(This) alarmed the public and endangered her own life and the lives of the NYPD officers", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00058-00019885-00020267": "who responded to the scene,” U.S. Attorney Geoffrey S. Berman said.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00059-00020267-00020676": "“While we must and do respect the rights of the people to peaceably protest, that right", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00060-00020676-00020990": "does not extend to breaking the law in ways that put others at risk.”", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00061-00020990-00021333": "I respectfully submit that she doesn’t care.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00062-00021333-00021707": "NYPD Detective Brian Glacken was blunt about the encounter.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00063-00021707-00022131": "Okoumou was initially hostile towards the officers trying to rescue her, threatening", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00064-00022131-00022362": "to kick down the ladder they were standing on.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00065-00022362-00022668": "Personally, I think they should have just left her up there.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00066-00022668-00023077": "“She basically threatened to push us off, push the ladder off.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00067-00023077-00023493": "But we were persistent, stayed up there,” Glacken told reporters.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00068-00023493-00023684": "Tell me again why she was let out?", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00069-00023684-00023981": "“Then we kind of got her to calm down,” he said.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00070-00023981-00024340": "“We told her, ‘We’re just looking to get you down safely.’”", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00071-00024340-00024612": "She then became cooperative, he said.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00072-00024612-00025091": "The communist activist group Rise and Resist released a statement in part concerning Okoumou’s", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00073-00025091-00025501": "climb, stating that her decision to scale the statue was her own and not representative", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00074-00025501-00025938": "of the group: “The person who climbed the Statue of Liberty was one of forty participants", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00075-00025938-00026362": "in our planned banner action, but her decision to climb the statue was made independently", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00076-00026362-00026717": "of the group, without consulting any other member of the group.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00077-00026717-00027126": "We understand and share her desire to see the immediate release of children from detention", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00078-00027126-00027327": "and reunion with their parents.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00079-00027327-00027791": "We hope that her legal representation will arrange for her release under her own recognizance.”", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00080-00027791-00028086": "What they don’t tell you is she organized their protest.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00081-00028086-00028532": "Earlier, the authorities detained seven other members of Rise and Resist, who hung a banner", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00082-00028532-00028979": "that called for the abolition of United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00083-00028979-00029351": "They were each given a summons and escorted off the island, according to Sgt.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00084-00029351-00029872": "David Somma, a spokesman for the United States Park Police’s New York field office.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00085-00029872-00030207": "Okoumou is a dedicated activist with the group.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00086-00030207-00030461": "Members described her on social media as a “total badass.”", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00087-00030461-00030898": "“She’s very dedicated to the resistance generally, but specifically to the issues", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00088-00030898-00031248": "surrounding immigration and the treatment immigrants have been receiving from ICE and", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00089-00031248-00031729": "Customs and Border Control,” explained Jay Walker, a Rise and Resist activist.", "4NeI8Z4hMP0-00090-00031729-00033083": "“She’s been an active member for about four or five months.”"}}, {"audio_id": "4NSgunsbG9E", "text": {"4NSgunsbG9E-00000-00000048-00000516": "hello and welcome Google is currently panicking after Samsung I know that we are planning to", "4NSgunsbG9E-00001-00000516-00001038": "utilize BING rather than Google as the default search engine on their upcoming mobile devices", "4NSgunsbG9E-00002-00001038-00001560": "this simple announcement made by Samsung LED to Google losing over four percent of their", "4NSgunsbG9E-00003-00001560-00002034": "stock value price giving Samsung level of Leverage in their ongoing negotiation with", "4NSgunsbG9E-00004-00002034-00002658": "Google Bing has long been the subject of radical for not upping their game as compared with such", "4NSgunsbG9E-00005-00002658-00003288": "conducted with Google search engine but being is not gaining traction and being viewed as a", "4NSgunsbG9E-00006-00003288-00003852": "potential Challenger to Google's dominant in the search engine competition what is actually causing", "4NSgunsbG9E-00007-00003852-00004416": "major concern for Google is the fact that the functionalities of BING has being very impressive", "4NSgunsbG9E-00008-00004416-00005022": "due to the fact that Microsoft integrated chat GPT into Bing. so it is not surprising to see", "4NSgunsbG9E-00009-00005022-00005640": "Samsung contemplating to switch from Google to Bing on its upcoming devices as at now Samsung", "4NSgunsbG9E-00010-00005640-00006342": "controls over 27 percent of the global android smartphone market making Samsung a big player in", "4NSgunsbG9E-00011-00006342-00006894": "the smartphone space now Google pays the billions of dollars annually to smartphone manufacturers", "4NSgunsbG9E-00012-00006894-00007440": "for them to make Google search engine the default search engine on their smartphone this has allowed", "4NSgunsbG9E-00013-00007440-00007973": "Google to become the biggest and the most used search engine globally according to reports", "4NSgunsbG9E-00014-00007973-00008712": "Google pays up to 3.5 billion dollars annually to cement its place as the default search engine for", "4NSgunsbG9E-00015-00008712-00009450": "Samsung phones and also an astonishing 20 billion dollars per year to maintain its position as the", "4NSgunsbG9E-00016-00009450-00010050": "default search engine on iOS if Samsung were to switch from Google to Bing it would be a very big", "4NSgunsbG9E-00017-00010050-00010602": "blow to Google even being more reach in the search engine competition as well that is in mind this", "4NSgunsbG9E-00018-00010602-00011220": "wouldn't be the first time Samsung has made Bing the default search engine on their devices in 2010", "4NSgunsbG9E-00019-00011220-00011754": "some models of the Samsung Galaxy X were shipped with Bing at the default search engine what", "4NSgunsbG9E-00020-00011754-00012234": "happens if owner smartphone manufacturers decide to follow Samsung's examples could potentially", "4NSgunsbG9E-00021-00012234-00012768": "hurt to Google massively but now Google is equally working in hard to compete with pain by", "4NSgunsbG9E-00022-00012768-00013362": "introducing their own version of the chat gbt that is BARD an AI chats chat box designed to compete", "4NSgunsbG9E-00023-00013362-00014022": "with opening ai's chat gbt AS at now BARD is not as advanced as compared to charge GPT now another", "4NSgunsbG9E-00024-00014022-00014568": "concern is the fact that Google is currently talking with Samsung renew their contract so", "4NSgunsbG9E-00025-00014568-00015156": "that Samsung can continue making Google a default search engine for their upcoming smartphones it is", "4NSgunsbG9E-00026-00015156-00015696": "even possible that Samsung coming out TO ANNOUNCE THAT they intend to switch from Google to Bing is", "4NSgunsbG9E-00027-00015696-00016176": "just a negotiation strategy they are deployed just to pressure Google into increasing the", "4NSgunsbG9E-00028-00016176-00016674": "amount of money they pay to Samsung to maintain Google as a default search engine on Samsung", "4NSgunsbG9E-00029-00016674-00017154": "smartphones we wait to see how this negotiation goes let me know what you think of today's update", "4NSgunsbG9E-00030-00017154-00017622": "do you think Samsung trying to switch to Bing is a good move and leave your comment and don't forget", "4NSgunsbG9E-00031-00017622-00018052": "to subscribe so you don't miss my next update thank you so much and have a good day [Music]", "4NSgunsbG9E-00032-00018384-00018708": "foreign", "4NSgunsbG9E-00033-00018708-00018749": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "4p1b8tig57Q", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "4p1Qxkmxn6g", "text": {"4p1Qxkmxn6g-00000-00000684-00000926": "W4NU", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00001-00002001-00002269": "N7WY", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00002-00003285-00003525": "N3ND", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00003-00004660-00004923": "K1PX", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00004-00005960-00006195": "N6XI", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00005-00007201-00007454": "K3IU", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00006-00008528-00008763": "K8FU", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00007-00009940-00010197": "K8JQ", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00008-00011400-00011662": "K1QX", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00009-00012783-00013021": "K8GU", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00010-00014213-00014486": "W0JX", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00011-00015581-00015824": "K6IJ", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00012-00016940-00017177": "K8BZ", "4p1Qxkmxn6g-00013-00018283-00018569": "W3FV", 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